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Anderson, Lyle

Filed; Alaska King Crab Inquiries

IJay 10, 1944

Mr. Lyle Anderson

Pis hery Pr oducts Labor ator y

Box 647

Ketchikan, Alaska

Dear Lyle;

I alimys enjoy getting letters front the west coast, even if they
are strictly business. Tour letter of April 11 reminds :ae of the very
pleasant tines I had in Ketchikan both before and after the Crab Imres ti-
•ati on .

Tanner crab is perhaps an unfortunate appellation, because Chion-
oecetes tanner! is but one of two co toon representatives of the genus." "'fixe'
one that i think was most common ’.sis chionoeoetes bairdi. This species
ranges from the southeastern part of the Bering ' Tea” sST” the Aleutians east-
ward and southward to British Columbia, from shallow water to 259 fathoms;
while tanner! ranges from off washing ton to Lower California, from, 29 to 1062
fathoms, ' seldom less than 250 fathoms. There is still another species, C.
angulatus , which is confined to the Bering Sea, ranging from Kamchatka east-
ward to the Pribilofs and southward to the Aleutians, as far east as Long*

167 25’ and again from British Columbia to Oregon, 49 to 1625 fathoms.

'.Then all is said and done, a picture of bairdi seems to be the
one that you should use, and I would urge you to label it "Spider crab,
sometimes called tanner crab.*' I would like to get back to the name "spider
crab'* for Chionoeoetes , which is a true spider crab, while the king crab is
a lithodid crab’.' ' '

With this are photographs of the species of Chionoeoetes that was
named for Tanner and the one that was named for Baird. ' 'Sio" last of those
is the one that I think you should use. The pictures are those that were
published in Miss Eathbun’s U.3.IJ.M. Bull. 129, "The Spider Crabs of
America," 1925. You are welcome to them, 'to have other copies and the
original negatives here.

with kind regards.

Sincerely,

Waldo L» Schmitt,

Head Curator,

”LS:LMc Department of Biology*

IN REPLY REFER TO

UNITED STATES

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

FISHERY PRODUCTS LABORATORY

7 - tc i M,

Alaska

April 11, 1944

Smithsonian Ins ti tu tion

'las hington 3 D . 0 *

V — ) *

Att: Dr. via Ido Schmidt, Curator of marine

I nver te b r a t s s

Gentlemen *

) •

We would like to have a picture of an Alaskan tanner crab.

Will you please send us a microfilm of a photograph or drawing of one

and advise us of the expense incur -ed and to whom payable. Also any

reference to the life history of the crab will be appreciated.

Ye r y t ru 1 y vo urs,

LYLE AIDERS ON
Technologist in Charge

FCmyiCTORY

BUY

UNITED

STATES

WAR

BONDS

AND

STAMPS

List of "Schizopods" from the U. S. N. M., Collected by the

Alaska King Crab Investigation

Accession No. 157571

Number

Locality

Depth

Date

No.

Species

55-40

Pavlof Bay

Sept.

Decapod Larvae

25, *42

Thysanoessa spinifera Holmes

T* raschii (M. Cars)

T . ■ in ermi s ( Kr Syer )

Neomysis rayii (Murdoch)

Aean thorny sis psuedomacropsis

(Tattersall)

55-40

Pavlof Bay, Northern

fws.

9/25/40

Thysanoessa raschii (M. Sars

Part

•

51-40

Canoe Bay

25-40

fms.

10/2/40

Neomysis rayii (Murdoch)
Decapod Larvae

72-40

Cold Bay (taken

from

15-50

fms.

10/24/40

Neomysis rayii (Murdoch)

seaweed)

85-40

Stepovak Bay,

fms.

10/24/40

Thysanoess inermis ( Krfiyer )

T. spinifera Holmes

T. raschii (M. Sars)

96-40

Alitak Bay, off

enterance 50

fms.

10/51/40

Neomysis rayii (Murdoch)

to Lazy Bay

97-40

(W. L. Schmitt)

10/51/40

•I

Neomysis rayii (Murdoch)

104-40

Alitak Bay, l| a

* rs

- J- W W* ft

W. 20

11/1/40

Neomysis rayii (Murdoch)

Twin Peaks

fms.

109-40

Olga Bay, S. enterance

fms.

Acanthomysis sp.'

1) This species evidentaliy new, to be drawn and described, but rot named because
of its immaturity. Included with vials is a slide (sealed glycerine-jelly
mount) of its fifth thoracic endopod.

Identified by A. H. Banner
June. 1942

157371

Dr* Waldo L. Schmitt

Alaska King Crab Investigation

kysids & Euphausids identified by A* 11* Banner
Acanthomysis psuedo macropsis (W. M. Tattersall)

Sta. 35-40. Pavlof Bay, Sept* 25, 194D.

Acanthomysis species. "To be described but not named because of immaturity.

Sta. 109-40. South entrance Olga Bay.

ITeomysis rayii (Murdoch)

Sta. 35-40#
" 51-40*

* 72-40*

96-40*
" 97-40*

t! 104-40.

Pavlof Bay. Sept# 25, 1940
Canoe Bay. Oct. 2, 1940
Cold Bay. Oct. 17, 1940*

Off entrance to Lazy Bay. Oct. 31, 1940.

Oct. 31, 1940.

Alitalc Bay. Nov. 1, 1940.

Thysanbessa inermls (Krdyer)

Sta. 3 5-40. Pavlof Bay* S e pt. 25, 1940.

" 85-40# Step oval: Bay. Oct. 24, 1940.

Thysanbessa raschii (M. Sars).

Sta. 33-40.
" 35 -40.

n 85-40.

Pavlof Bay. Sept. 25, 1940.
Pavlof Bay. Sept. 25, 1940.
Stepcvak Bay. Oct. 25, A940.

Thysanbessa spinifera Holmes

Sta. 35-40* Pavlof Bay. Sept. 28, 1940
n 85-40. Stepovak Bay* Oct. 24,1940.

Decapod larvae.

Sta. 35-40. Pavlof Bay# Sept. 25, 1940.
M 51-40. Canoe Bay, Oct. 2, 1940.

yh N ational AT useutn

Enclosure

i I

r i. j

U 3 3

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM

WASHINGTON, D, C*

November 25, 1940 .

Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt,
c/o Bureau of Fisheries,
2725 Montlake Boulevard,
Seattle, Washington#

Dear Waldo :

I have before me your letter of November 2 to Dr. Wetmore
and also one of the same date to me personally.

First off, the number assigned to the accession of your
specimens from this trip will be 157371* Second, I am enclosing
the requested bill of lading and usual reply envelope for trans-
mitting the white copy to us #ien the shipment is made.

We are sorry to learn that the search for the King crab
did not orove as successful as your collecting of specimens in
general for the Museum. From what you say concerning the -present
status of your containers, the Museum collections must be quite
extensive and interesting*

You will of course realize from this that Dr. Wetmore
is still in Costa Rica. He is exoected home about the third or
fourth of December so will beat you here by several days#

'There is little in the way of news# I regret to say
that Denmark is apparently desoerately ill and I was told Friday
that he had given uo any oersonal interest in recovery and that it
was entirely uo to the doctors now. I understand they had to stoo
the radium treatments because they were so weakening that he could
not stand it.

Herwil Bryant radios that he hopes to get some good
collections although apparently he does not have much stuff on
hard. Has some living specimens for the zoo I believe and of
course a number of invertebrates for us. 'The North Star is due
to leave Seattle on the tenth of December on the first leg of
the trio to bring the oarty home* 'The Bar has already sailed.

Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt, tf2

November 25, I 94 O.

Every one in your family is in good health and I
suppose you will hear directly from them by the time you get this.

While I don't share your enthusiasm for fish I have no
doubt that freshly cooked fish is very delicious.

Very truly yours,

Correspondence & Documents.

B:U

P. S. Your radiogram or the 22nd just received and I asked
Kellogg about the hair seal. He said "Yes. Tell him to cut
off all the meat ana senu us the skeleton.” I tola him I thought
that was putting a lot or work ol‘r on you that we were better e-
quipped to do here ana so he then suggested that you send it on
iraa Seattle in dry ice.*’ Hope you can ao this without much
trouDle. ’Phoned your rauiogram to Alvina this a.m. and she

was of course glaa to hear it. She had a letter ana uiary from
you lest Friaay when we received the ones acknowledged in my
first paragraph.

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM

WASHINGTON, D. C.

November l6, 1940.

Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt,

c/o U. S. Department of the Interior,

2725 Nontlake Boulevard,

Seattle, Washington*

Dear Waldo:

As promised in my letter of the 9th I am forwarding
to you at the first opportunity the identifications of the shells
which you sent in for determination some time ago.

I hope they reach you in tine to serve the purpose
for which they were desired in such a rush.

Very truly yours,

t, Chief,

Correspondence & Documents.

B:U

IDENTIFICATIONS OF MOLLUSKS HSCEIVED FEOvl DB. WALDO L

(157371)

November 15, 1940

Ho. 17-40. Canoe Bay, Alaska . Sent. 19, 1940

( from Parali thodes eamtschatica)

Mytilus edulis Linn6

Chlamys island! cus Miiller

Saxiceva arctica Linne

Ho. 493. Canoe Bay, Alaska. . September 1940

(off left side of abdomen)

Mytilus edulis Linne

Ho. 14-40. Canoe Bay, Alaska,. Sept. 18, 1940

(from Parali thodes eamtschatica)

Mytilus edulis Linn£

Canoe Bay, Alaska. Sept. 23, 1940

(from Tondelyo crab traps)

Monia macros chisma Lesha yes

. SCHMI

Crab Ho. 682 (measured Oct. 3, 1940)

Monia macro schism a Desh&yes

Gass, G. M.

Filed: Fish & Wildlife Service

February 9, 1944

Hr. C. M. Cass

4418 28th Place West

Seattle 9S, Washington

Dear Mr. Casss

I have written again to the Fish and Wildlife Serfioe and hope
that the report on the King Crab Investigation will soon come into your
hands. I aa most anxious that some one gc up to Alaska and fish over the
grounds covered by the Investigation, because it would be a very valuable
thing to recover sons of the tagged specimens, without tags we need at
least the width of shell, or, better yet, the dried shell saved and sent
back with the tag. The more people take an interest in the king crab the
more w© will learn about it.

My best regards to you.

Sincerely,

Waldo L. Schmitt, Head Curator,
Department of Biology.

Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt ,

Department of Biology,

Smithsonian Institution,

Washington, D.C.

Dear Dr. Schmitt:

Pardon my long delay in thanking you for your kind and
instructive letter. I have been out of the city a great deal since be-
fore the hollidays and have had very little time to check on the matter
under discussion.

■

Have not received the report from the Pish and Wildlife
Service. Should I address tham at Washington D.C? Would certainly like
to have this report. In discussing this matter with a friend of mine
here, he said he thought the report of your expidition was in the Public
Library. Do you know if this is so or was there another report.

* Wesley said there was quite a variety of sea food brought

up from the bottom including a great number of shrimps. We are going to
be interested in a great many of the bottom fish as no doubt the public
would be once they were introduced. Am very interested in the size and
flavor of our northern shrimp as compared with those in our southern
waters. Scallops are another item of importance and I understand those
taken from our northern waters are very fine.

It is my plan to contact Dr. McMillan and Marvin Wallace
very shortly and I want to thank you for giving me their names. That must
have been a very interesting trip. Being a fisherman at heart, would
certainly like to have been along.

Again thanking you for' your information and any additional
that you might think of, I am,

4418- 28th., Place West,
Seattle, Washington. (99)

Very truly

Cass, C. M.

Filed: Fish k Tdldlife Service

November 18, 1943

Mr • C • M. Cass

4418 28th Place West

Seattle 99, Washington

Dear Mr. Cass:

I am very happy to have your letter of November 9, and
appreciate Wesley Oakes* greetings and those of Captain Trafton,
too. I shall never forget that grand cruise we had together while
making that crab investigation.

there surely is good future in canning king crabs. May
you be successful in going into that field. It will probably in-
volve some difficulties that you have not yet encountered in your
processing of fruit and vegetables.

I am asking the Fish and Wildlife Service to send you a
copy of the report of the Investigation and hope that it reaches
you in time.

You should make the acquaintance of Dr. Harvey C. McMlllin,
Seattle Pacific College, Seattle, Washington. He has had quite a
bit of experience in putting up king crabs on Cook Inlet. There is
also a young man who was a student of Harvey’s, Marvin Wallace by
name who is working for Libby, McNeal & Libby. If Marvin is still
around Seattle, it would pay you to have a talk with him. He was
an important member of the Crab Investigation.

Give my best to Wesley and Captain Trafton. They were
grand shipmates.

With my best good wishes to you.

Sincerely,

Waldo L. Schmitt,

Head Curator,
Department of Biology.

YiLS : an

Seattle, Washington.
November, 9 - 1943

Dr. Waldo Schmidt,

Smithsonian Institution,

Washington, D.C.

Dear Dr. Schmidt:

Would it be possible for you to advise the writer
if there has been any printed reports on your findings from your
trip to Alaska about three years ago.

Mr. Oakes, engineer on your boat is a cousin of
my wife and the Captain a friend of the family. Mr. Oakes spent
a few days here with us recently and told us some very interesting
things about the trip.

The writer is very much interested in the possibil-
ities of our northern waters from the standpoint of bottom fishing*

In fact, if the war had not upset matters, would have been up there
two years ago to look things over.

My attention was brought to this possibility several
years ago in San Francisco by one of the Commissioners from Alaska.

At that time however, gold mining held my chief interest. I believe
at that that the fishing industry in Alaska produces more wealth than
that of our gold mines.

My present work is in the field of frozen food
processing. Our pack consists of berries, fruit and vegetables. We
have done nothing so far with sea foods.

I will greatly appreciate hearing from you at your
convenience and any information that you can give me will be of
great assistance in laying out the program i am contemplating.

I saw Captain Trafton in Anacortes this spring. Mr.
Oakes asked me to send his kindest regards when writing you which I
told him I intended to do.

With kindest personal regards, I am.

•“•‘‘MMUiW—

^ u. '■

157371

W. L. Sohnitt

Alaska King Crab Investigation

Barnacles id ent if i ed by Mr* L E. Cornwall
No. 14-40 Balanus crenatus Bruguiere

N u n

No. 17-40 ” " "

No. 42-40 11 balanus (Linn.)

From Tonaeleyo crab trap, put down in Canoe Bay, Alaska, last two weeks
of August, 1938:

Balanus crenatus Brug.

Collected by Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt:

Balanus crenatus Brug.

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COPY

July 13, 1940

Dear Y/oody:

The ” Stranger 11 1937 expeuition to Alaska dia not bring
in specimens of the King Crab* I have no doubt that some large
specimens may have been taken, but they take up too much preserva-
tive and room on shipboard, not to mention the space they occupy in
a private collection.

However, you did bring in a juvenile specimen of Paralithodes
rostrofalcatus MacKay, from Terror Bay, Kodiak Island, July 30, 1937J
6-12 fathoms* This then is the only recora for your group that I
have from vour trio*

t j x.

I have noticed that P* foramina tus is almost always taken
on a mud bottom, and I rather suspect that your beast will be found
under similar conditions, although at less depth than the former*

My records for foraminatus are 80 & thorns at Howe Sound, B* C*

It is pleasing to learn chat you are engaged in a job that
you are fitted to hold down and one that you enjoy doing. I hope
that it will be only a means toward an end, and that you will see
fit uo finish your education. People are always looking for letters
after names ana if they are not there, neither are you.

Hewatt sent me ~ohe Brachyura from Santa Cruz Is., ana I
identified them for him, so in this way I have a fair idea of the
fauna, which was what I wanted*

Good luck to you, ana I am always glad to hear from you*

If I can be of further help, let me know*

Sincerely,

v *

[SignedJ Steve A, Glassell.

[To vvocdb ridge Williams,
Y/ashington, D. C.j

Harrison, Roger

January 1, 1943

Dr. Roger Harrison
U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Department of Interior
Washington, D C

Dear Dr. Harrisons

In addition to several bits of information I desired regarding the
crab meat canned in Cordova, I would also like to know something about
halibut • The several questions that I desire to have answered are •

a) How many cases of salmon were canned at Cordova in 1941?

b) Approximate value of this 1941 Cordova pack #

q) Approximately how many pounds of crab meat in 1S41 did
Cordova pack, stated to have been 7,711 cases.

d) Value $

e) Total tonnage or pounds of halibut taken in Alaskan waters
in 1941.

f) Value #

g) Can you, perhaps, estimate the quantity of herring taken
or packed in Prince William Sound?

h) Value f .

i) What was the total annual return of the Salmon Fisheries in
Alaska for 1941?

1 have left blank spaces in the script I am preparing for the film,
ami would like to have the figures before I turn the script into the State
Department for translation, sometime during the later part of next week.

Sincerely,

Waldo L. Schmitt, Curator,
Division of Marine Invertebrates.

WLS s an

October 5, 1942

I.'r. Roger ¥. Harrison

IJ. S. Fish and V'ildlife Service

Tfashiurton, 13. C«

I haven’t had no ranch tine of late to work on the
hcpod, but I era really getting down to it now. I
cause I an hoping that it nay be possible for you
of dividers that we used for measuring crabs. It

Lithodid paper as I had
write you at this time be-
to lend nc one of the pairs
would be a great convenience

in measuring up specimens collected by the Investigation, as well as other
Lithodids that we have here in the Division. The only thing I have now is

an old wooden beam compass. This loan which I request of you would be subject
to recall a t any time and on short notice. Here * s hoping that you can help

mo out to this extent.

My best to you and the rest of our friends at Fisheries Industries.
' ."hr t is your official address now, and .shat are your phone numbers? I had

Over

a typewrit ten shoot carrying many of the -hone numbers ?rhen you were uo a
the Dupox&g Building, but that to out of date now $ 1 suppose#

Sincerely*

baldo L# Schmitt, Curator,
Division of Larine Invertebrates#

UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Fish and Wildlife Service
Fishery Technological Laboratory
2725 Mont lake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

March 12, 1942

Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt, Curator,

Division of Marine Invertebrates,

Smithsonian Institution,

United States National Museum,
Washington, D. C.

Dear Dr. Schmitt:

This is to thank you for your prompt reply to my
recent letter. We are glad to have your opinion back-
ing up our belief regarding the proper use of the terra
"king crab." We are going ahead on this basis.

I am still planning on coming East, but I will
probably not make it until the very last part of this
month, at which time I hope to have a copy of the
completed manuscript.

Sincerely yours,

R. W. Harrison,
Technologist in Charge.

* *f

' *H si ' _ ■ r . ; *

larch 2, 1942

Mr. H. W. Harrison
Fish and Widlife Service
2725 Montlake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

Dear Roger*

I am happy to hear that you have made such headway with the king
orab report and that we shall see you during the latter part of March,
alone with your manuscript.

The use of the name King Crab was recently brought up here by
Seton Thompson just before he was called by the llaval Reserve (?)* He
told me that they were checking over the law governing its fishing and
wanted to be sure they were using. the proper designation* I urged that
they use the term King Crab in the generic sense to include all Paralithodes
irrespective of species, inasmuch as we took two species in Alaska; that both
would be canned; and, so far as we know at present, they would be indis-
tinguishable when processed* Thus, all King Crabs (P. cants o hfc tica , as
well as P# platypus ) would 1)6 equally well protected by any law destined to
safeguard any one of them; this at least until we know more of their specific
behavior or life histories*

Then Seton was called; so I took especial pains to soe that the
Bureau had not failed to get the information I passed on to him*

It nay well have been Ilopkinson * s report (3rd paragraph of your
letter) that Seton showed me (or was it some other Bureau report or digest
of laws?). With reference to the King Crab, I asked him to see to it that
the name camtschatica f ollowing Paralithodes was deleted in the new draft
he was working on.

I do not know who first used the terra King Crab; I believe it was
Marukawa or some Jap before him. At any rate, his statement, as cited (your
2nd paragraph), that the King Crab is made up of three species backs up my
feeling that the term is often used in the comprehensive sense and that it
should be used that my. If one wants to distinguish between King Crabs
one can use other or minor designations (adjectives 4r adjectival phrases)
along with the major term King Crab. For example*

1. Japanese, Bering Sea, or deep sea King Crab ( Paralithodes oamtsohaticus) ;
in faot, as you will notioe, Marukawa calls this species ""the Japanese
King Crab in the title of his report, a fact in a measure based on its
name cants ohatioa, from the peninsula Kamsohatica, which is now-a-days

in considerable part Japanese territory.

2. "Hanasaki” King Crab ( Paralithodes brevipes) .

3. "Abura-G&ni" King Crab ( Paralithodes platypus) .

Or, like subspecies or varieties in zoology, P. oamtsohaticus is
the King Crab, proper, and the other species arc other Finds of King Crabs,
referred to or designated by the Japanese as "Hanasaki" and "Abura-gani"
crabs.

v 4 i h

l\. ■' -> ■ .» ' ' * - ' •; j?-J, ■*- ■ v ■ :■ |‘- . i f

\ . ‘ ■" • • - • *. • ' ; . y •. 1 "

In short, I do agree with you, and, as I pointed out to Seton
Thompson, both P. oaatschatica and P. platypus should be considered King
Crabs, and, moreover, "King Grab” ghoul d refer to the genus Paralithodes ,
inclusive of all its species. Who knows when we may not turn "up another
member of the genus as important commercially as those now extensively
canned. For the purpose of designation and argument, you have the right to
set up the terminology you prefer in your report, and that will set the
practice or fashion that we shall follow in America, This is in accordance
with Marukawa's statement which might just as well have been worded,

"There are three species of King crabs . . . viz.”, last paragraph, p. 123
of his report, without changing the thought he has there set forth.

I am sending this air mail ' today in reply to your letter which
arrived this morning, and a carbon the first tiling in the morning , so that
one or the other will be sure to reach you.

■ ' ■ ' *v ' 1 ' ■ ' ‘ n

My best to you and yours, Amina, and the King ftrab gang*

wit- .

Sincerely,

Waldo L. Schmitt, Curator,

WLSsLMo • Division of Marine Invertebrates.

501 B

UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Fish and Wildlife Service
Fishery Technological Laboratory
2725 Montlake Boulevard
Seattle, ’Washington

February 28, 1942.

AIR MAH

Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt, Curator,

Division of Marine Invertebrates,
Smithsonian Institution,

United States National Museum,
Washington, D. C.

Dear Dr. Schmitt:

A question of proper terminology has come up on which we would
greatly appreciate your advise, namely whether the name "king crab"
would be more properly applied to the whole genus Paralithodes and
allowed to include Paralithodes camtschatica , Paralithodes platypus ,
and Paralithodes brevipes or would be better restricted to the
single species Paralithodes camtschatica .

Marukawa isn’t much help since he titles his article "Biological
and Fishery Research on Japanese Ring Crab Paralithodes camtschatica
(Tilesius ) " and then on the same page says "The king crab , Paralithodes,
is distributed . It is divided into three species, viz Parali-

thodes camtschatica (Tilesius ) , Paralithodes platypus Brandt , and
Paralithodes brevipes Brandt ," and on the nest page, "The former two
species are packed in cans for sale as Japanese crab meat, while
Paralithodes brevipes is not used for this purpose."

Hopkinson (U. S. Tariff Commission Report to the President,

Report $14:7, Second Series - Crab Meat 1941) specifically limits
"king crab" to Paralithodes camtschatica . On page 35 he lists the
principal species of crabs used for the production of meat and
includes :

"5. King or deep sea crabs ( Paralithodes camtschatica ).

"7. 'Hanasaki crabs' ( Paralithodes brevipes ) and ’Abura-Gani’
crabs ( Paralithodes platypus ) , relatively unimportant species,
belonging to the same family as the king crab but somewhat smaller

and yielding meat resembling that of the king crab.”

Probably it is a matter more or- less of choice since common
and trade names are sometimes variable and inexact. On the other
hand, proper terminology by us is rather important. It is hoped
our reports will provide the background for the eventual establish-
ment of a crab canning industry, and since Paralithodes platypus
may be taken along with Paralithdoes camtschatica and canned
together, it would be awkward if the two species could not be canned
under the same label.

I think all of the boys of the investigation staff feel that
application of the term "king crab” to the species of Pc.ral i thodes
taken commercially in Alaskan waters would be preferable, unless
there is contrary biological precedent. ..e, therefore, would
appreciate your expert opinion.

We are rapidly bringing our preliminary report of the investi-
gation to completion. This will include everything but the detailed
biological material which will be worked up later and reported by
the biologists. I expect to come to Washington for a short detail
some time during the latter part of March and bring the complete
manuscript with me. We will, of course, have a copy ior you and
will want your criticism before it is submitted for publication.

If you can give us your answer to the question on terminology
by return air mail it will help us speed up our work.

All the boys join me in sending our regards.

Sincerely,

R. W. Harrison,
Technologist in Charge

December 10, 1941

Mr. Roger W* Harrison

Teohno logical Laboratory

*J. S. Fish and Wildlife Service

2725 Montlake Boulevard

Seat tie , Has hington

Dear Rogers' -

I guess this Japanese trouble has put all plans that we
may have had for scientific work in the Pacific very much in the back-
ground, but, nevertheless, 1 as completing ay files on the project on
which I was engaged.

In connection with it, I ’mat to know more about sharp
freezers. Gan you give a® some information, if only the firm nan®
and address, for that freezer that you had in the outbuilding
laboratory where we stored those frozen crabs t Have you any idea
what that rig cost!

We have gotten quite a number of the collections moved out
for working up. Mrs. Henry, at the University, has the barnacles*

I do not know how busy you keep Pat, but it would be helpful to her
and to all of us. In fact, if perhaps he could assist her with the
label writing and sorting if she finds something of that sort neces-
sary. I suggested to her that she confer with Pat if any of the
locality data proved unsatisfactory.

Art very kindly supplied m© with the information we asked for
about his collecting stations*

The annelid worsts were a handsome lot from the point of
view of one who studios things like that. They have all gone on to
Dr. Hartman, at the University of Southern California, and she promises
us a report in return for a set of duplicates.

If you folks distribute any raateral for report, please bear
in mind that the types, by virtue of the fact that it is government
material, should be deposited in the National Museum, as well as a
first set of all material. Usually, in return for the labors involved
in reporting on a collection, the author is entitled to the second set

of specimens, or, as we say, tho first set of duplicates. All beyond
the first set of duplicates should come to the National Museum, less
any that the Service might want to retain for its Seattle or Washing-
ton offices.

Do drop me a line at your convenience regarding the freezer*
Best good wishes to you all.

Sincerely,

Yfaldo L. Sehmitt, Curator,

WLS t Lilo Division of Marine Invertebrates.

'***. *

IJoveniber 12, 1941

Mr. Robert W* Harrison

Fish and Wildlife Servioe
Teclmo logical laboratory
£725 Hontlake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

Dear Roger t

We have received from Pat the station records covering hia
collections made or the Doro thy and the hooks. Wo are sorting those
collections for distribution to specialists "for determination and
such reports as they may warrant. In order to do this for the col-
lections ra&de by others than Pat, including those made by the Champion,
we vrf.ll need additional station records. I hope that their so-called'
station records will be in duplicate, so that we may have a copy for
us© here, I think Pat kept duplicate books, as vra did on the first
cruise.

One further word about reporting separately on the practical
and the biological side of the investigation. Wallace* s report on the
crab measurements and the information derived from them, together,
with iiis biological notes on the life history of the crab, should
follow close behind the practical report. In fact, I would like to
see it published as a part of tlie same appropriation, leaving idle
w>re technical report on the other groups of animals to follow in
due course.

Sincerely,

Waldo L. Schmitt, Curator,

WLStLSo Division of Marine Invertebrates.

November 10, 1941

Ur# Roger W* Harriann
Pish and Wildlife Service
Teclmo logical Laboratory
2725 Mont lake Boulevard

Beattie, Washington

Dear Roger »

That 1 s what I always liked about you— your keen, incisive
way of dealing with practical matters;

The division of the results of the crab investigation into
two reports, as you have outlined it to me and to Mr. Fiedler in your
letter of November Oth to the Director of the Fish and Wildlife
Service, hits the nail square on the head. The fishing interests and
the fishermen don’t care a rap for the biological data which, after
all, is the most important thing from our more biological point of
view. They want seme early practical information at hand and that is
what you are going to give them. It is nice, too, for Carlson and
Christy to get the ohanoe to put their commercially useful informa-
tion where it will do most good with the least waste of time.

Going a step farther, I do not know that the biological
report should be all one report because Marvin Wallace’s information
should be next in order. The miscellaneous collections, as they
are worked up, though valuable, will be of lesser interest and can
follow as they are made ready for publication.

What little I had to do with the Alaska Crab Investigation
was a great treat to me and I still have a great hankering to go to
Alaska again. It is a country of great potentiality and I know you
folks realize that better than I do*

Best ever to you all.

Sincerely,

WLS : LMo

Waldo L. Schmitt, Curator,
Division of Marine Invertebrates

UNITED STATES

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Fish and 'Wildlife Service
Technological Laboratory
2725 Montlake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

November 5, 1941.

Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt, Curator,

Division of Marine Invertebrates,
Smithsonian Institution,

United States National Museum,
Washington, D. C.

Dear Dr. Schmitt:

This is to thank you for your interesting letter of October
30. I think I can best answer it by enclosing a copy of a letter
I have just prepared for Mr. Fiedler. Under the arrangement out-
lined Marvin could contribute his practical information to the
first mentioned report and obtain credit, and for his biological
data in the second report could also be given credit. By making
two reports we can also solve the author problem to better advan-
tage, since the three biologists are most concerned in having
biological reports come out under their names, and Mr. Christey
and Hr. Carlson would derive most benefit from the practical type
of report being considered.

If you have any suggestions to offer with regard to our
present plan we would certainly like to have them.

I am quite sure the boys will be glad to receive the speci-
mens you are sending. At the present time Pat is doing some
laboratory work in the hope of obtaining some idea of the size
of the male crabs when they become mature. There seems to be
sufficient data in this respect with regard to the females. We
are working up a little bit of this information in advance in
order to make it available to the Alaska Division in case anv
questions arise regarding regulations.

All the folks join me in sending their best wishes.

Sincerely,

R. W. -Harrison,

Technologist in Charge.

Enclosure

Pish and Wildlife Service
Technological Lab oratory
2725 Hontlake Boulevard
8 settle , • ashlogtoa

November 5, 1941.

a® Director,

Pish and Wildlife Service,

Washington, D. C.

Attention 5% B« R. Fiedler

Dear Sirs

This is to advise you of our present plans for reporting the
results of the . JLsska Crab Investigation.

la discussions with the various members of the crab investi-
gation staff as to the outline and scope of a suitable report, it
soon became apparent that a report involving all the biological
data and the practical data, including the canning information,
would beeo vs rather unwieldy, and might lose Its biolo leal sig-
nificance and quit© likely its practical value on account of the
practical being confused rith the theoretical. lurthepHore , much
of the material that would, go into a biological report would be
of little interest to fishermen, yet it would take a considerable
amount of tia© to work up and, thus, preparing one complete report
would mean that a report could not be finished for quit® a few
months and that by the time it was printed probably a year or so
would have passed.

Accordingly, we have decided, that the most advisable proce-
dure would b© to have two reports. One, in which we would take
each particular area and discuss our results in that area, fishing
methods, shedding, and seasonal movements , would b© a practical
discussion of our findings and would also contain information re-
garding the relative merit of different types of fishing gear and
the data at hand with regard to canning studios. In other words,
this report would be essentially a manual of current information
on the suitability of each location as a source of king crab for
commercial use. This first report will bo prepared largely by
”ir* Carlson and hr. Christey, tilth the advise of the biologists
whore necessary. . © would propose to have this out within a very

few months and would suggest its being mult ill thed or printed
in some form so it would be available to the industry by early

spring.

The second report would be a biological paper sore or less
of the bulletin form, in which the three biologists would work
up as complete a biological story of the king crab as data would
permit. This report will take a considerable amount of time to
prepare, but since its urpose will b© largely as a contribution
to the knowledge on the biology of the king crab in .Alaskan waters
it is not Imperative that it be published at as early a date as
the practical paper.

Ws would appreciate your criticisms and suggestions regarding
this plan.

In this connection, re felt that in the practical report we
should supplement our own data with any other information we can
lay our hands on. Do you see any reason why we pannot incorpor-
ate in the paper the location, of the Japanese floating crab can-
neries which have been reported, as further evidence of the
presence of crabs in particular areas of Bering Sea', .

Very truly yours,

R. W* Harrison,
Technologist in Charge.

R’SRije

cc. to Dr. Sehaitt

Ootober 30, 1941

Mr. Roger W. Harrison
U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service
2725 Xlontlake Boulevard
Seattle, Washing ton

Dear Roger*

I an in a considerable rush for various reasons and, worse
than that, rather torn up here at the offioa because of moving. At
the moment I owuiot put my hand on your letter transmitting Wallace's
Pacific Fisheries report#

It is an interesting paper, but when I go over it there are
some things in it that raight well have been built on data that you
have gotten together. This is said in no sense as a criticism of
Wallace, because he undoubtedly discovered the same thing, but I men-
tion it because of the considerable overlap of his findings and those

that you will have in the fisheries report. For that reason X would
suggest that his report be not published as it stands and that where
the data from the two investigations run parallel they be incorpor-
ated in the Alaska King Crab Investigations report. Reference to the
source of the information, either by dates or otherwise, would give
credit where due.

I am sorry that Marvin did not get his report out long ago.
It would not be the best thing at this time to publish two separate re
ports, because both of us had incomplete data, and one combined report
is better than two unavoidably incomplete ones.

, The best thing for Wallace to do in ay opinion would be to
write a chapter, or perhaps a paper of the size of his present one,
on the Pacific fisheries' and trading companies' venture of 1938,
something on the historical side in more or less narrative form, re-
counting the experiences of that investigation so far as he can put
it together from his own recollections and notes and those of Kinky
Alexander, which must still be available to you. At one time I urgod
the Bureau to request Nelson to lay his diary or log book on the table
as a part of his contribution to the first investigation. We perhaps
do not need it.

With this I am sending you some rather sorappy jottings
that I made as the result of talking to various people acquainted
with that earlier venture. I talked to Pete Martin, to Brown, the
watchman at Alitak, to the engineer on the Tondeleyo , who knew
Kelson quite well, and had acoess to some notes or Jim Slaughter’s,
and so here and there got together what you will find on the six pages
of longhand enolosed. Prom this material Wallace could put together
quite a story. I do think it should be written up. Hot only do the
people who undertook it deserve considerable credit for venturing into
what was at that tine an unknown field, but their experiences should
be set forth in as much detail as possible as a guide for other
modest outfits. It will give them some idea of what they are up
against.

Into this historical chapter, for I suppose it should be
such a chapter of your larger report, authored by Wallace, could be
run suoh of his original discoveries as he nay be able to use without
conflict with the larger report on the biology, growth, etc. of the
crab itself. One thing in particular on which he probably had less
conclusive data than you have is the natter of average sise of crabs
taken in the two principal types of gear used, the tangle nets as
opposed to the otter trawls. My impression from Kelson’s own account
of the operations of their homa-made otter trawl was that except for
a catch or two it was not very successful.

I am putting in an extra carbon of this letter so that Mar-
vin may have it as an answer in a measure to Ids letter to me of
October 2£th« I am so glad that you folks are consulting with Marvey
lioMillln* Along with Halter Weymouth, he is the best equipped nan to
help you when it comes to working up the measurements into usable form

The baby orabs should have left her® long ago. Various
things have intervened. The packing of them was started yesterday
afternoon about the time that Marvin ’ s letter arrived, and I expect
it to be completed this week. If at all possible, the expressman
will get the shipment not later than Saturday. It will include the
few stomachs and stomach samples that I had, which should be exam-
ined by some one, perhaps Pat, who should save the separations that
h© makes, properly ticketed, so that if any question arises as to the
identification of any of the material it can be checked*

Also, there are the various egg samples that Pat preserved
on the first cruise. If it is possible, the ripeness of these should
be determined. It is probably a histologic job, but one that Pat
could put -through with Uhivers Ity equipment.

Along with the baby crabs are all the little specimens tliat
we got on the first cruise. I would like to have them all returned
when Marvin's measurements of them are complete, together with the
measurements of the very tiny orabs in the little bottles and vials.

If there is anything in your letter that has not been an-
swered, 1*11 respond to it when I tsnn it up, I shall be writing you
soon again because we are getting more straightened out here every
day and a couple of responsibilities I assumed over the past week
will have been discharged by next Wednesday.

liy best to all you folks* Don't forget Amina and those
who were on the first cruise with me.

Sincerely,

Waldo L. Schmitt, Curator,

WLStliic Division of Marine Invertebrates.

I found your letter of the 17th,

There is one more thing I intended to dictate for this
letter this forenoon and that was the suggestion that if the informa-
tion is not too confidential a resume of the Japanese vessels that
had been reported by the Coast Guard from Alaskan waters could be
included in your report. You will recall those tables that Woody
Williams compiled in Washington and of which several copies were
distributed among the outfit. You should have one and I believe
Carl |tas another# I also have one here, and perhaps Fiedler at the
Bureau.

In order that Marvin may get proper credit for his material
in the larger report, unless he specifically authors the chapter or
section in which it appears, some mention could be made in the intro-
duction to the whole account to the effect that where the Pacific
Fisheries and Trading Company venture is mentioned in the text by
name or date the infomstion is Wallace's.

The specimens may be leaving tomorrow. They are all paoked
and waiting for the approval of the shipping papers.

Once again, my best to you all.

UNITED STATES

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

SHBEsaramEffiBBiBEe:

Fish and Wildlife Service
Technological Laboratory
2725 Ho nt lake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

October 17, 1941

Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt, Curator,

Division of Marine Invertebrates
Smithsonian Institution,

U. S. National Museum,
Washington, D. C.

Dear Dr. Schmitt:

As mentioned in my last letter, Marvin Wallace has
written up a brief account of the Alaska king crab,
based on his observations while aboard the ‘'Tondeleyo"
when operated by the Pacific Fisheries and Trading Co.

A copy of this report is attached hereto for your in-
formation. We would appreciate your comments and sug-
gestions .

Our own report will include all data during our
investigation and I believe I'arvin is willing to have
us make use of his earlier data also. However, some
way must be figured out so that Marvin can obtain the
credit due him for his original studies.

R. W. Harrison,
Technologist in Charge

Hnclosure

UNITED STATES

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Fish and Wildlife Service
Technological Laboratory
2725 Montlake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

October 10, 1941

Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt, Curator,

Division of Marine Invertebrates,

Smithsonian Institution,

United States National Museum,

Washington, D. C.

Dear Dr. Schmitt:

Today we shipped the various collecting outfits and specimen
cases, and the bill of lading has been forwarded to Mr. Bryant.

We are enclosing, for your information, an inventory of the equip-
ment .

Also attached is a copy of Pat's narrative of the investiga-
tion, which you will be interested in reading. It is certainly
good to have the boys back, safe and sound, after what I consider
a very successful trip. During the second expedition the vessels
caught between 36,000 and 37,000 crabs, and took measurements on
9,500 specimens, involving a total of some 45,000 measurements.

Since the return of the vessels we have been getting the
gear, specimens, et cetera, in order and then the boys are going
on leave for a while. We expect to start in full steam on the
data and report about November 1. In the meantime Marvin and I
will try to get something organized.

Art Hvatun is being married tonight and we are all going to
his wedding. Pat decided in favor of an automobile (second-hand).
It is hard to say which will be the more expensive.

Marvin has prepared a brief report of his observations during
the expedition of the Pacific Fisheries and Trading Company which
we may use as a background from which to build our larger report.
We will forward this to you in a few days and would appreciate
your suggestions and criticism.

All the boys join me in sending our best wishes.

Sincerely yours

k. w. iiarrison,
Technologist in Charge

Enclosures

STANDARD TIME INDICATED

RECEIVED AT

1418~NEW YORK AVE,

EVANS BUILDING

WASHINGTON, D. C.

NATIONAL 6600

TELEPHONE YOUR TELEGRAMS
TO POSTAL TELEGRAPH

For - LC310W 16 2 E XT R A = P D I WASHINGTON DC 7 435P

THIS IS A FULL RATI TELEGRAM. CABLE-
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INDICATED BY SYMBOL IN THE PREAMBLE
OR IN THE ADDRESS OF THE MESSAGE.
SYMBOLS DESIGNATING SERVICE SELECTED
ARE OUTLINED IN THE COMPANY’S TARIFFS
ON HAND AT EACH OFFICE AND ON FILE WITH
REGULATORY AUTHORITIES.

DR WALDO L SCHMITT

./"< i

<—

PM 5 04

•SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION US NATIONAL MUSEUM WAS H N DC=<

OLLECTI ON OUTFIT AND SPECI MENS ' READY FOR SHIPMENT STOP PLEASE

FORWARD BILL OF LADING A! RM A I L=
■R W HARRISON SEATTLE WASH

STANDARD FORM No. 14
Approved by the President
March 10, 1926

OFFICIAL BUSINESS— GOVERNMENT RATES

r<n " iTT»TT rrrr tyvr f’TO'"'" '

V ; / i . ini* • *. W'-i V L

From

Bureau

Chg. Appropriation

U. 8. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 10—1723

October 7, 1941, Seattle, Washington.

STRAIGHT WIRE

Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt,

Smithsonian Institution,

TJ. S. National Museum,

Washington, D. 0.

Collecting outfit and specimens ready for shipment. Please forward bill of
lading air mail.

R. W. Harrison

ABl jc

CONFIRMATION
sent 11:30 a.m.

Flah and Wildlife Service
Technological Laboratory
2725 Moat lake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

August 18, 1941

1* E. fiackett , lac.,

9 Soekef oiler Plaza,

Mew York, Hew York.

Dr. Waldo Sehaitt has referred your letter of August 13 to
this office for attention.

A final report on the Service * a Alaska king crab investiga-
tion will not be prepared until some tta© this winter. The Con-
gress appropriated funds for extending the exploratory work
throughout the turner and early fall, so w© will not attempt to
sake recoEiaendst ions until all field data are in and analysed.

The fishing vessel * Dorothy” and the small factory ship
"fondeleyo” operated between the Shwa&gia Islands area and Kodiak
Island last fall, without a great deal of success. At that par-
ticular time of the year the crabs appear to be widely spread and
in relatively deep water, except in a few stall bays which are
suspected of being nursery ground® . However, a sufficient number
of crab® were taken to permit experimental canning studies and a
surplus of approximately 125 eases was sold at public sal® during
the past month.

The expedition of the "fondeleyo" and the "Dorothy” demon-
strated quite definitely that an attempt to operate a cannery la
connection with aa exploratory operation placed a serious handi-
cap on the latter. Therefore, since there appeared to be no
serious technological problem in preparing a satisfactory canned
product, the Fish and Wildlife Service decided to discontinue the
canning phase and to expand the effort to determine the distribu-
tion of the crabs, their apparent abundance, the optimum time to
fish for them, the most efficient fishery methods, .and such other
aspects of their life history as would facilitate the development
of a fishery of sufficient extent to support commercial cannery
operations. Accordingly, an expedition of three fishing vessels

issas sent oat from Seattle during February, to conduct exploratory
fishing operations over as wide an area as possible. Two of the
vessels are still in the field and will, not return until about
October 1. During the past six soothe the vessels have explored
the waters frees Southeastern Alaska to St, lawrence Island in

Bering He® ( almost up to Nome )

A large mount of data have been obtained, but until the
vessels return and we have had an opportunity to study the find-
ings and incorporate then into an intelligent, samar ixed picture
of the situation, m hesitate to make any definite recommenda-
tions, It is believed, however, that when we have completed the
field work and the report, we will be able to say that commercial
operations are practical, end can advise as to the most logical
areas for exploitation, suggest the most opportune season for opera-
tions, and recoaaend the preferable methods of fishing, Sufficient
data are now at hand to recommend a satisfactory canning procedure*

Very truly yours.

I. W, Harrison,
Technologist in Charge,

August 14, 1941

Mr. Roger W. Harrison
2725 Monti aka Boulevard
Seattl e , W ashingt on

Dear Roger i

Won't yon kindly attend to the enclosed letter? If there
is anything to be given out from Washington won't you air mail a
request to them to hasten lb*. Mayer's reply. You will note that . he
is anxious to feave his wants attended to at your earliest convenience

When you are through measuring them, I would like to have
some of the small platypus that wore taken up in the Bering Sea, We
have no young of this species at all in our collections. Of course,
when you are through with all your work, I would like to have quite
a lot of the specimens for the national collections.

Sincerely,

WLS : LMo

Waldo L. Schmitt, Curator ,
Division of Marine Invertebrates.

i&igust- C, 1941

l&V Bogor W* Harrison
Fish and Fildlif© Service
2725 liijatiak© Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

Dear Imogen

You arc dead right is wanting to distinguish between the
meastwemente of the tangle netted crabs from Omm Bay and those taken
with the otter trawl* I believe you om readily ascertain this from
the fora sheets by means of our station auabtre and dates, either or
both of will oh are at the top of all sheets*

Chi Sep tester 16, 1940, late afternoon* Ueleexi put over about
SCO yard® of tangle sets in Canoe Bay* Half of this (one shackle) was
hauled between 5*00 and 5*00 the neat afternoon, the 17th, and contained
272 1 ovig* ? jiaraligtody* fat and 1 measured all or most of then
that earn ©v©r3Sc7fE~!muliag of this half of tins net ms given Sta*
So# 13-40, Sept* 17, 1940* fh© net ms set in about 30 fathoms, and
only half ma lifted this day because the water got pretty rough*
Thirty-five of those crabs bbm mrnmrnd the nest day, the 16th. *

Th® second half of the tangle set ms not lifted until the
forenoon of the 19th* Tbit operation ms given our aoreallcd Sta*

Ho* 16*40, Sept* 19, 1040. Fifty-seven crabs were taken in this
shackle, 68d 2 ovig# 7* These were all measured by Mid-afternoon#

This me the day th© Dorothy arrived at about 4*00 p.ra* and when she
promptly went aipwuaC*'* was not freed until the same time the next
day. Sept* 20#

She Dorothy did not do any fishing until the afternoon of
Sept* 21, tewing" Spearfe the forenoon rigging gear* It ms this Morning
that we canned aost of tins crabs of the 19th which had passed out over
night in the oooklag or steaming tanks where Seism had been trying to
hold them alive with an occasional whangs of water*

On Sept* 22 we measured the first of the Dorothy's otter
trawled crabs 6f the day before, Sta, So* 23*40, Sep%V f 1 , T 940 , while
the Dorothy got an other 125 orabs the same afternoon. Spot* 22.

Beginning Sept. £2 (or 21} and Sta. 23-40 (or did wo write
it So* 20-40 to 23-40) all Canoe Bay oraas were otter trawled* Only
ninety-five ©mbs were taken is Canoe Say si Hi Hie tangle sets and
all wore measured by September 19*

Otlsersisc, only one ether ora b ms taken in a tangle net ia
Canoe Bay, & good sized female at Sta* 63-40, Oct* 16, 1940, when m
returned to Cano® Bay for a fee extra trials-* The otter trawl hauls
her© the sa?a© day were numbered 64-40 to 67-40 and yielded a total of
about 113 crabs*

Tie did not use tangle nets again until Oct. 10-17, is -Cold
Bay and bamrd Harbor, abaci we got two crabs, one about 7 M wide, d,

3ia* 73-40, and one about 8 s wide, d, Sta* 74-40* But isolated crabs
like tins don*t mmmt to mich one way or the oth or, especially as we
got so vary few king crabs over in the Cold Buy section anyway*

I do not recall at the mmmnt that we got any king crabs In
tangle nets anywhere aloe, though -m tried thorn at Mist Harbor, Alitak,

I shall scad you those very snail crabs 1 spoke of in a few
days* I just haven* t been able to get at the 'packing*

Tfrite whenever 1 can be of assistance*

' . • . - ^ S J.', ' ' ' WjV . * }

Ity host to all of you.

Sincerely,

Waldo L. Schmitt, Curator,
Division of Marine Invertebrates •

Department of Commerce

xHapaeKcixmixsHEHDEaBx

Fish and Wildlife Service
Technological Laboratory
2725 Mont lake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

August 5, 1941.

Air Mail

Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt, Curator,

Division of Marine Invertebrates,
Smithsonian Institution,

United States National Museum,
Washington, D. C.

Dear Dr. Schmitt:

On the second expedition we have records as to
whether the crabs measured were taken in tangle nets,
trawls, or crab traps. Marvin does not find any ref-
erence to the type of gear in which the various
measured crabs were taken during the first expedition
and would like to know if you can supply such data,
since we are interested in making a study on the size
of the crabs taken in the different kinds of gear
used.

If you do not have definite data, it would be
helpful to know if, by chance, the greater number of
the crabs measured during the first expedition were
taken in the "Dorothy's** trawl.

Sincerely,

R. W. Harrison,
Technologist in Charge.

July 29, 1941

Mr, Roger W. Harrison
2726 Monti ake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

Dear Roger i

1 believe that Oarl has copies of the various station rocords
and rough list of material taken at eaoh of the stations so far as
Pat ms able to type them before we left him in Alitak. The three
batches of carbons with this letter I believe are all that Pat didn’t
get typed. They were don© here by Hiss Me Cain while i ms away in
the spring. There is also an abridge/ list of stations by number* and
localities that Dr. Schults prepared for use in connection with the
fish collections, some thing that would enable him to readily locate
the origin of any particular specimen. It my be of some use to you
or Wallace.

Last of all there is a little black notebook in which our
temperature records are entered. Pat has the thenaomoters . The
number of the one we used is on the first sheet of the notebook.

I ©a afraid these data are altogether too few to be of much use,
but you should have the book available in case the records fire need-
ed* If you have any difficulty reading what’s entered, Pat may be
able to tell you what’s what on Ms return.

These several papers should have been sent along to you with
the sheets of measurements sailed the other day.

Tiler® is one other thing that Vsfellaoo should have and that
is measurements of the young crabs. The simplest thing for me would
oe to send you back a lot of them. They -are all about one size and
from Cano© Bay, I do not know how much they will help out his curve
because, as I recall it, there mo a considerable gap between those
crabs and the next largest size -which we wore not lucky enough to fill

in. Tell Wallace to drop me a line when he wants them sent on.

Jyst at present vre are enjoying the hottest spell of the
year. August is usually our worst month* but I hope it won’t be as
bad a® these last few days in July*

Best ever to you and all of our good friends on the coast.

Sincerely*

• r t

Waldo Xm Sotaitt, 'Curator*

ViLS : LM® Division og llarine Invertebrates*

UNITED STATES

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

B3HKKX£OQQKl5(jaM&MIES
Fish and Wildlife Service
Technological Laboratory
2725 Mont lake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

July 25, 1941.

Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt, Curator,

Division of Marine Invertebrates,
Smithsonian Institution,

United States National Museum,
Washington, D. C.

Dear Dr. Schmitt:

This is in reply to your letters of July 8 and 22.

Needless to say, we are all sorry to learn that you probably
will be unable to come out when the vessels return to confer with
us in organizing the report work. However, we are still hopeful
some later development may make this possible.

I like your outline much better than the one I submitted, as
it is in more logical order and fits in better with what we might
have to offer.

Wallace is making excellent progress in converting the data
and is about two-thirds through all data accumulated by the three
vessels up to June 15. We shall be looking forward to receiving
the material you are sending.

At some future date we will have to do more work with respect
to canning, since within the last several months we have begun to
find evidence of struvite crystals in the canned product, and,
while this is normally expected, it detracts from the fine initial
quality of the pack.

The new appropriation is for the fiscal year, and the comple-
tion of the investigation will be influenced by the way we can
stretch the money. We are being as economical as possible now in
order to have ample funds for completing the report, and possibly
providing for checking on loose ends which might be found when we
get into the data.

I think we are all agreed as to the importance of the tangle
net fishing, so your insistence in this respect is certainly not

out of line. Even the fishing captains themselves, who were
originally sold on the trawls, realize that the tangle net has
numerous advantages, especially with respect to selectivity,
economy of fishing effort, and from a standpoint of conserva-
tion.

We apparently will have very little data on crab pots, since
they have not been used to any great extent and the results when
used were relatively negative as compared to the other types of
gear.

Roy reports that during the week ending July IS the "Dorothy
worked from Port Heiden towards Cape Newenham, then down the mid-
dle towards St. George Island, covering 450 miles and making 18
tows for 550 crabs, of which 520 baby size were taken in one drag.
This seems to be a particular point of interest inasmuch as this
haul evidently was way offshore. The "Dorothy" had been taking
up to six tons of market sole per drag.

The "Locks" is working tangle net between Amak Island and
Black Hill, but has been handicapped in the relatively rough
weather by her size. In her efforts the tangle nets yielded
967 crabs during the week, most of which were taken in xvater over
forty fathoms. Pishing in shallower water was unproductive.

It may interest you to know that Roy has reported that the
small crab catches made near the Pribilofs were Platypus and not
Camschatica .

I have had Marvin study your last two letters so that he may
have the benefit of your ideas when the data come.

All of us here send you our best regards.

Sincerely,

Technologist in Charge.

22, 1941

Mr* R. W. Harrison
2726 Mont lake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

Dear Roger*

I don’t want to delay longer replying to your letter of
July 9th. I judge that my letter of the 8th crossed yours in the mail*

I am glad that Wallace is back with you to work on the re-
port. Your outline, as I remarked, seems to cover rather fully what
should be inoluded in your report. That report should be simple, di-
rect, matter of fact, and factual* As I run it through my mind again,
we want to knows

1. Occurrence.

2. Conditions under which the crabs live.

3. Their food.

4. Growth* rate of growth, relative growth, size, moult*#

ing, and something about the embryology in so far as
one can make out the degree of development attained
by the eggs at different times of the year.

6. Breeding grounds and nursery areas should be gone into
rather fully, or as fully as we can.

6. On aotual migrations we will have little or nothing, but

we may be able to derive from the various measure-
ments something about the populations of the various
areas and a frequency curve for the distribution of
the various sizes of crabs in the several areas or
populations.

7. Fishing methods* relative efficiency of the gear.

8. Utilization and canning,

9. Comeroial fishes encountered and the prospects for

basing a fishery on them.

10. Recommendations.

In many ways this outline parallels yours. The order in which
the various points should appear in the final report should be left
until the several sections are complete, for, as I look baok over the
list, occurrence, breeding grounds, migrations, and conditions under
which the crabs live, which would include some oceanographic disousslon.

should fall very olose together or perhaps in the same section of the
report.

In so far as Sands has data for the areas where orabs were
taken in promising quantities, I do believe he should contribute a
section on the hydrographi o conditions. We ought to know the temper-
ature and the salinity of the water in those regions for as many of
the twelve months els data are available.

As I mentioned before, I have in mind a brief resume of the
systematics of the several speoies of Lithodid or king orabs that
occur in the northern Pacific. That may be included in the report or
left out, as seems best when it is about complete.

1*11 promise to give you all the help that I can, because I
want to see you make a good report of what information the expeditions
have been able to get together, but it does not seem possible at this
time that I can make the trip to the coast. If you really have to have
me, I might make a shift to oorae, but I do believe I can give you all
necessary help without making the trip. Our South American project
has been moving along and a current year’s appropriation of considerable
size has been approved. It does look as though this fall or early
next spring I shall have to go south again, and meanwhile make no end
of preparations looking toward spending the money.

What Harukawa did on estimating the abundance of crabs on
the larvae or eggs taken seems to me to be too highly speculative to
be of use at all. Then, again, we must remember that his investiga-
tions comprised seme eight years of work. I don’t believe I would
even comment on his method of sampling abundance.

I do not know that we will be able to say anything about the
age of the crabs. All of us believe, and that includes Weymouth, that
Marukawa’S ages are far too great.

We could have published our growth figures in decimal fractions
of an inch, but since it won’t be so difficult to convert them It is
very nice to have them appear in your report in millimeters, as they
have appeared in all others of similar scope* Nevertheless, in your
summarizing paragraphs you will have to give inches as well as milli-
meters for the sake of the practical fishermen. The same is true of
weights. It might look inconsistent to have measurements in milli-
meters and weights in pounds, but pounds should receive a prominent
place because the earners and fishermen talk only of English pounds.

A little note from Pat tells me that they made some good
hauls in Pavlof Bay. Yihen we were up there I suspected that some of
the orabs allowed a two-year interval between moults. That, if true,
would account 'for the dearth of tagged specimens. It makes me wish
that you might get at least one boat for sli 11 another year of work
in the hope that the tagged specimens might turn up. Even though

only one or two tagged ones have been returned, I am glad that at
least in those instances the method of tagging proved successful.

Thank ycu for the carbon of the progress report i«hich I
received today.

Best ever to all of you.

Sincerely,

Waldo L* Schmitt, Curator,
Division of Marine Invertebrates,

WLSjLMo

Department of Commerce

BUREAU OF FISHERIES

Pish and Wildlife Service
technological Laboratory
2725 . iontlake Boulevard
Seattle , Washington

July 9, 1941.

Air Bail

Dr. 'Waldo I. Schmitt, Curator,

Division of Marine Invertebrates,
Smithsonian Institution,

United State ,

Washington, D. C.

Dear Dr. Schmitt:

This is with further reference to my latter of June 25.

Wallace has returned to Seattle and has started work on the
data collected, having brought back the data sheets for all three
vessels up to the middle of June. It has been our impression you
intimated that the measurements of the crabs should be presented
in metric units. Inasmuch as the calipers measured in inches,
Wallace has begun converting these measure - t
We have a new calculating machine so this should not take a o,reat_
deal of time. In order to be consistent, would you suggest also
that the weights of the crabs be converted to kilograms?

Wallace and I have been studying 'arukama’s paper and within
the next several days me expect to have a discussion of its con-
ao: : will probably d slop so i furt - >ects to w] b
consider desirable for inclusion in our report of the investiga-
tion. le will be submitting this to you for your ideas. I would
gather from iarukawa’s report that he has devoted the greatest
part of- his attention to systematic study of the various species
and various biological sects which we cannot hops to cover in

a one— y i -

ds send a lot on it as a background for some of the tilings that are

c, I bell io) r biolo-

ats do not coni’ i.- tg some of the observations of

‘ukawa. I note that- Aarukawa places sore credence on his larvae
sanplin- as an indication of abundance than he does on fishing re-
sults, and that in carrying on his work with the cooperation of
the established crab canning industry he has also ol t-mnen a very
good return on his tagging work, thus permitting a nurther cne^
on the abundance of populations. Our data, of course, will e

practically devoid in this respect since we did not have the facil-
ities for collecting crabs in the early stapes and our fishing ef-
fort • as so inf initesimal with reyard to the entire area, that ’-e can
not hope for a: . ' recovery of tagged crabs.

/alter Sands, who has been doing hydrographic work for
Dr. Davidson in Dering Sea, has suite a bit of information on tem-
peratures , salinity, et cetera, and also a number of samples of
the micro-organisms in the waters at the various stations. 'on
much use do you think we should try to make of Sands’ data and
specimens?

There are so many things to be ironed out before we really
got seriously started into preparation of a report that I wish e
all could get together. Do you suppose you could spare the time
to come to Seattle for a week or so this fall when the boats re-
turn, in case the appropriation would stand the expense of your
trip? I wish you would give some thought to this possibility and
if you would be agreeable, I ill 3 the matter up with r.
Fiedler. In the meantime, I hope you will be able to give me your
reactions to my lett ev oi , to. the Questions r i -W-

herein, so that vre can begin the preliminary work on the data in

a more intelligent manner.

It seems quite apparent that the crabs taken east of the
Aleutians are much larger than those taken in Japan, and if laru-
kawa’s method of determining age is correct, most of our crabs
must have been twenty-five to t flirty-.. me years oln, .wiles,
find, that they grow at a more rapid rate. .. allace started plot-
tin" some of his Cook Inlet data at 5 m . intervals, uiu, i« • y"
beginning to appear that he was simply getting a single normal
distribution, so he is going to start ovui , plotting ^dtn i

. 1 .... interv of c . 2© widths. Even if ©

not have enough information on samples over the entire ran-:o from
- - u to commercial canning size and t3

capped in '"establishing- age, we will at least have a good me- sure
of size distribution of crabs taken in commercial gear in the
various areas,

With, kind personal regards fro i all Oi ut>, 1 usi

Sincerely yours,

Technologist in Charge#

Amina just received the other day your letter mailed
frnn the (CalaoaKOS Islands#

T3 O

. u * ' •

July 22, IS 41

- rx\ t 7 . f, ■ . .c. .

Mr. E. W. Harrison
2725 Monti ake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

Dear Roger;

I ara getting off those measurement sheets that I promised
you in my last letter today or tomorrow without fail.

With each of the envelopes containing the sheets on which
our measurements were entered, except the second (II), are some
averages ascertained by Hiss McCain while I was south last spring.

They are figures that may be of some interest to you and which should
appear somewhere in the report. They were compiled with an adding
machine here and should be correct and reliable.

Since Pat is not at hand, Wallace may need a word or two
of explanation on some of the things that appear on these measurement
sheets. Thinking that the barnacles might hold some clue as to the
frequency of moulting, I often measured the largest barnacle found on
the carapace of a crab, the measurement given being the approximate
or average diameter of the barnacle. The largest white circular
bryozoan was also measured. In most places I have "B*. . for the
barnacle measurement and ”Bry*». . *” for the bryozoan measurement.

Then., the little worms in circular calcareous tubes we listed as

to'

Spirorb- 4 s.

rt w n wi it i '

In the first envelope a few sheets are clipped together. On
those are some weights of eggs that Pat ascertained. We noticed quite
a discrepancy in the right and left legs of the females, and so occasion-
ally we measured the third leg of both sides, thinking that some time
that asymmetry might be looked into.

At the bottoms of the sheets arc the measurements of the
large chela. 1 1 ook these because Weymouth at Stanford found that the
most significant changes appeared in the claws and apparently vrare more
indicative of the arrival of sexual maturity in a crab than any one
other character. Unless you want to make use of these chela measure-
ments in your report, they could be left for some future study. Wallace
is perfectly welcome to them and may find them more significant than
the actual widths and lengths of the oarapaoe. It might pay him to
try them out on a curve if he has the time for it.

In envelope B, Shelikof Straits species, I have noted on
the sheets to disregard the pen and ink figures of weights and measure-
ments. The crabs were measured fresh and entered on the sheets in
pencil. All of them were frozen stiff that night and the next day I
tried to check the measurements of the frozen specimens against the
fresh, but was not altogether successful. That is why the ink fig-
ures should be disregarded, because they are not comparable to the
pencil figures throughout.

.’ *> . * fl- >• ft

Sincerely,

Waldo L. Schmitt, Curator,

WLSsLMo Division of Marine Invertebrates.

C** « •

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and submit this receipt in case of -inquiry or application for indemnity.

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U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

5 — 6852

July 8, 1941

Mr. R. W. Harrison
2725 Monti ake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

Dear Rogers

This is by no means the end of what we will have to discuss
regarding the report you have outlined on the or*b investigation. It
is a grand outline that you have prepared and, offhand, I can really
add nothing to it except to suggest that embryology should be in-
cluded, and your term "reproduction" more or less would take care of
that#

The biology of the king crab* which takes in Hos# 3 to 6
of your outline* should be Wallace^ min ^ob* with Pat and Art
assisting him with whatever work on which he needs help# Incidentally,
there wifi be a lot of plotting to do in connection with the distri-
bution* growth* and migrations# By the way* migrations should be
alongside of distribution* Art could specialise* as you suggest* on
the distributions and Pat* as I have mentioned before* might undertake
the embryology* I have a number of egg samples which he pickled for
a study of that sort* It will not need to be profound* but we do want
to know something about the ripeness or degree of development that
the eggs show in the course of a year# If Pat has a lot of stomach
contents* also in line with your suggestions* he can begin sorting
the contents of each stomach into vials so that we may get an idea
of the principal food that the crabs ingest in the different localities#
I have material her# of soma ten or twenty stomachs which Pat can
sort, and I can assist with the identification of the contents after
the sorting has been done# I can ship these out, along with a supply
of vials, whenever he is ready for than#

I am really glad that you have called Wallace back to begin
on the report# It is a keen bit of foresight, and I am packing up the
sheets; of measurements that Pat and I mad© on the first csruise# Wallace
will need to have them# Me Mi lien will be able to give him some very
excellent counsel in looking up his growth data#

What you have assigned to Carl and Roy they can do best,
and I suppose Joe has given you about all you need on the canning
angle* I shall help out wherever I can, perhaps with the food habits

if Art and Pat will be too busy helping Wallace. Also, I want to do
something in a txonomio way on the species of king orabs of idle north
Pacific. That has long been wanted and should not take me long when
I once get at it. Schultz has already named some of the fishes, but
Carl will need a fuller account of the collections saved for his report
and so we may have to pressure Schultz a bit to finish up the job this
fall,

,"l • ‘ . . r '. •' l-y ,5. * ,-j ,* <•»*. .»

I gather from your letter that the appropriation will finish
out the calendar year for you, or will you have Wallace, Pat, Art, and
Carl until next July 1st?

All specimens not actually needed for study at your end
should be transferred to the national Museum for safekeeping. They
oan always be shipped wherever necessary whenever they are needed for
examination. Also, any specimens that may be held out on the west
coast for study should be turned over to the national Museum when
those studies are completed. In that way, a reference collection is
built up available for future consultation in case any questions arise
regarding the survey and the species taken in oomeotion with it.

Your memorandum to Chris tey and Carlson also covers the ground
very thoroughly, I hate to stress the tangle net fishing because it
is such a blank nuisance, but because of the selective nature of the
gear and the fact that it seems to be that used chiefly by the Japs
we need to know all that we can learn about it.

There is one thing that does not seem to have appeared in
your letters yet. That is how the traps have worked, if they have
been used, in the Bering Sea. I oan well imagine that the water is too
deep for their successful application there, but around the Shumagins
where you have no end of rooky bottom you will have to use either
traps or tangle nets.

No doubt, as you found it to be the case last fall, the
orabs are pretty well scattered out over the bottom and so your fish
boats may have another heartbreaking time of it, I like idle idea of
working out and up to the Pribilofs and around Nunivak,

How much was seen of the Japanese operations this year?

One ohapter of your report should give some sort of an outline of the
areas in whioh they operated and the vessels employed by them. If the
Coast Guard has not kept olose watch on them they should be encouraged
to take it up again, Earl Ohmer lias promised to keep a record of the
king orabs turned in at his place through this calendar year and if
it is advisable to oontinue beyond that I know he will oooperate.

I do want to keep in as olose touch as possible with the
work as it progresses* and I’ll promise to be as prompt as I can in
my replies to you* Congratulations on your outline and good lucki

Sine ©rely.

Waldo L. Sghmltt* Curator*
Division of Marine Invertebrates.

WLSilHo

501 B

Department of Commerce

BUREAU OF FISHERIES

Fish, and Wildlife Service
Technological .Laboratory
2725 lontlake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

June 25, 1941.

Dr. Vlaldo L. Schmitt, Curator,

Division of larine Invertebrates,
Smithsonian Institution,

United States National Iluseum,
Kashington, D. C.

Dear Dr. Schmitt:

This is in reply to your letters of June 3 and June 11. As
you no doubt know by now, the extension has been approved, or at
least Washington has been sufficiently confident to request that
we rjroceed on this basis.

The three vessels met at Kodiak about the 12th of June, re-
arranged supplies, and the two being rechartered for the extension,
namely, the "Locks" and the "Dorothy", headed back to the westward
along about the 20th, and are now rechecking the waters south of
the Peninsula while enroute to Dutch Harbor to pick up the summer
supplies which were shipped from here yesterday via ITavy transport.

Now that definite plans have been made for continuing the
investigation and for returning ..allace here to Seattle to start
working on the biological data, I am anxious to formulate more
specifically the program for the field work and for assembling the
data in report form. In this connection, there is attached a copy
of the memorandum sent to Hr. Carlson and hr. Christey regarding
the general aim and procedure for the field work during the next
three months. If you have any suggestions about this, and especial
ly for Pat and Art Hvatua, I would certainly appreciate your com-
municating them to me.

ith Wallace on his way bad: and due to arrive any time, I
have lately begun giving more thought to the problem of working
■ up the data and the method of presenting it in report form. As

-i.

suggested in your letter, there will be, no doubt, sufficient
material for a number of specialized papers, but I am concerned,
also, that we submit a rather complete report embodying all the
practical aspects of the study. Tentatively, I have in lind a
renort which would embody the following general sections:

S2 t

—5,

_ •

Distribution and Abundance in the Various .Areas,
Reproduction,

Growth.

iV.

rat

fS IrV-i^VVojo

cod and Feeding Habits,

Practical Fishing Methods,

Utilization by Canning or Otherwise, and
Economic Aspects.

Fishes

O 1 ' 1 ^

C 8 OCA^x

At some place reference should be made, also, to any evidence
obtained as to the effect of Japanese fishing in Bering Sea, and
to the presence of other fishery populations in the areas explored.

You will note that rio reference has been made to a system-
atic section describing various species from the region since this
appeared to be of separate and of specialized interest, and it
would be ray feeling that all specimens and materials for the pur-
pose would eventually be turned over to you and that you would
work up as you saw fit a paper of this kind. Perhaps Pat, Art,
and Marvin could also develop special papers expanding on certain
of the biological aspects that would be covered in the main re-
port .

A question confronting me at the present time is just how to
divide up the work among the biologists. Provisionally, I had
figured that v, allace might specialize on age and growth work,

Pat on reproduction and feeding habits, Art on distribution and
migration", Carl on fishing .methods, Roy on the economic aspects,
and Joe’s reports to supply the basis for the utilization. It
would be assumed, however , that all the fellows would be working
in a group after October 1, and there would be opportunity for
mutual assistance. I suppose I will get myself involved in part
of it, too. We will probably be after you for suggestions and
criticisms all the way along, especially with respect to the
biological phases.

I would appreciate your opinions and criticisms of the above
procedure. I don’t propose to be qualified to organize a manu-
script which is essentially of a biological nature, but it seemed
that we would be more apt to x^eacn a decision i - sono opeci.. ic
outline were taken as a starting point tor discussion.

If 7f allace does the growth work here, I should imagine that
it would be best for you to return your data for his use.

In regard to the second paragraph of the third page of your
letter of June 11, the ’’Dorothy" and "Champion" made hauls in
Pavlof Bav and Canoe Bay in „-».pril on their way wsstna.ru, again

oil their way to Kodiak early this month, and are probably in that
vicinity right now rechecking before they return to Bering Sea.

I should imagine re will make another check in September. Probab-
ly no serious attempt was made to mark all of the 5,000 crabs
taken in the one haul in Bering Sea early in hay, although a num-
ber were tagged, no doubt, dim Slaughter, who has returned to
Seattle, tells me that the marking of the crabs other than by tag-
ging has not worked out very successfully, since they are afraid
the paint peels off. However , I think some were marked by having
strings tied to their legs. There probably has not been any op-

Crets

portunity to recatcli^in any type of gear

since in

the work so far the vessc

els were on the move so much and did not

they

attempt to fish thoroughly any one area. The procedure, if
were making successive drags in limited areas, was to hold the
crabs from one drag aboard, and then put them back in the water
at the end of the next drag when they had pulled in the nets.

The preceding discussion makes no refer--- nee to the specimens

- "To do

being collected, but since we will - c ‘here, I s

everything not needed in connection with the practical biological
data will be forwarded to you and Schultz. If any of the biolo-
gists want s some of this material for his personal use
arrange that when the vessels return.

aboard the "Champion" has been stored in the Fisheries warehouse
at Kodiak and will be brought back in September.

, we can

The collection outfit

V/ith kind personal regards from all of us, I am

J ?

Technologist in Charge.

Enclosure

' y£ /A t£<,

hj »u/Zut^ £ u* 'yvt/C -yy? <z*ty

j^chcuO A^c <■ t < K i.^ )

v [/ j s* * /h-tA /

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Fish and ildlifo Ferric©
©c q nolo ; *i c rs i i aboratory
2725 ant lake Boulevard

, iasMngtoa

**■

Juno 3 , ,i 'F i. !

:rotvrob:- for tr. Chriatay and r. Carlson*.

The r-ro: Tim for the exteas ion will not b® based upon a nro-
dcterained itinerary, as dm the e«se during bh© period Feb. 2?
to .Tune 15, since the general surrey has been cognleied and you
will be working within art area of rattier indefinite extent. lo-
ot ©ad, the ©xfl oratory and fishing activities will be flexible,
being gilded by the current situation, Particular attention
should bo given to the following general points!

1. The Migratory aoreieat of tan crabs into deeper water
in Bering 3ea and in the hhtmgla araa;

n
*& *

The chaage in. the physics! condition of the crabs dur-
ing the mu mmr rontbs;

5. The tendency, if say

off shore ;

for the crabs to concentrate age, in

4. blie productivity per unit of fishing effort of the vari«

our types of /ear during the aimer Months

3. Xmrestip&tlon of new areas offshore which rluht mu -gort

populations , !. . c . , ©round the ; riMlofs and around 'hmirah Island

Doctor Sehr-itt has iuf'gest«f : - that we concentrate noro on
tangle net fishing, and ho is anxious to find out what happens
when Ion." lines of this gear are set out, as done by the Japan-
ese. doctor tthnltt end ! are both interested In deter- ti tl * *

It c mb - v " found further afield thru ^>u3.d be (wr'-actad frm.

the •: Igratior. fro ' the onln: : ula, tliat is, are the crabs around

ruction --.-re they wot in/. The following yenersl procedure , there-
fore., is suggested :

ear in,*, latch ’.{arbor, try to pick, up the crab population
Eigrating from the general Black hill— J-ort roller area, try to
follow its sow sent , end deter- : in© the prodo.cti.irJ ty of the jewsr
under varying conditions of operation, using el"' the tangle net

available. Gaea this work is under way, the ’’hooks'* could ho
■■•■ 'h i c--..vv' :n, sad the *!ferothy* could head out to th ribilofa
or to'-rarco J aland to determine if additional uopulstloaa

could be located, If successful in locating* rwvt bodies of crab,
we should dot* a Anc , If e>-, slide, ubsi; gpjeyi it t uin Jure??, the
direction of noveneat, ant! their condition, In spite of hot her
or -t f labia*- appears to fee oeoncoicsliy feasible, wo want to

i -

sr isl fisbln* mat necessarily be pjerrod tr-yi such a baokr round .

Ui'

ftw* spyro-erlstion for the extension was predicated, on the
uaeeaaiby of continuing the feria- ;«a t mck * ao attention u'feould
ba eoacenhr* t.,b is this area, dooe-ver, doctor ;«h. ;itt is anxious
to obtain ioi*e infor mtton about the Hurmniu ares offshore end

of saie work in this locality should ho kept £3 wind . fhe 1
port U nee to be attributed to this work should bo based 00 your
previous experience la this area.

la view of our 1 ■ ■ rtexitii as

m i\ 1 o’- b s f ; the aba ly* it

is re uesied that you continue to wire ia the weekly catch r-
pc i send frequent su 1 of • r obaervatio

4 >•**

iXP *

3y cxebutvilng our t&ev.e based on the Information arailnble,
we should be able to stake the *ost out of the exteas ion rw>riod*
In this connection, you sen on the ground are la the beat sosi-

turrent situation and mm oust da
a great extent on your judgment.

”1
i. % #

.. ' ’> ?• V

rise

*'± %

uMbnologist in Charge.

June 11, 1941

Mr. Roger W. Harrison
U. S. Fish and Wildlife Servioe
2725 Montlake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington,

Dear Roger*

A week ago I wrote you a letter but did not mail it because
on the heels of writing it I got one from you which made me want to
make some changes. I haven't made them in that letter, but the addi-
tional information that you give me regarding the progress of the
expedition makes me feel that if you do get a continuance and can
carry on certain phases of the work in Seattle, that material should
be retained there, but that all else, except what is needed, should
come here so that customary records may be kept of its distribution
and a check-up can be made whenever desired. I am glad the prospects
of a continuation seem so bright.

If you get a continuance I would urge you to concentrate
more on tangle nets. Try to beat the Japs at their own game, as it
were; see what can be done with very long strings of nets such as
Trafton has seen the Japs operate. From what I gather from your
report, the tangle nets are 12101*0 s o »L o o "fc i & o.3fic!. loss

destructive of moulting and unutilizable crabs. The females apparently
remain soft longer and more of them are soft at any one time than
the males, and that is just the group that you want to protect and
which the tangle net seems to fail to get.

If the Borothy stays ih the Bering Sea it would be well to
go as far afield as possible, even up to the Prifilofs and, as you
suggest, toward St. Lawrence Island. She could well put in the
balance of the season up there, but, by the same token^ you should
also have one vessel on the south or east side of the peninsula.

But there, as I suggest for further work in the Bering Sea, tangle
nets should, if possible, be made the chief fishing gear. This
would be particularly the case in the Shumagin area, which Kelson
gave up in disgust because of the rough bottom which tore up the
trawls. Somebody ought to fish out on the Davidson Bank some time.

We had a notion that the crabs might be in deep holes here and there,
perhaps also in the deepest pafts of Shelikof Strait in the off
season. Those holes, if smooth enough, should be tried with trawls,
beoause I gathered it wasn’t practicable to use tangles at such
great depth. That would rule the Dorothy out for the south side,
because she hasn’t cable enough. Your findings, however, seem to
indicate that, other than in the breeding season (except in the
nurseries) the crabs scatter out over a wide area and so become un-
profitable to fish.

One of idle most significant developments is what you men-
tion about the size differences of the Bering Sea crabs compared with
those to the south. You know, the history of the Japanese fishing
has been that they have rendered certain of their own areas off the
Asiatic ooast unprofitable because of over-fishing, and it looks as
though they are on the way to bring about the same condition in the
Bering Sea, That is the refrain of Marukawra * a report, and you will
note, too, that he recommends that tangle nets be used in preference
to trawls as they are less destructive or, as you expressed it, more
selective.

If you find that you will be able to have the growth curve
plotted fend developed at your end, say by Wallace under the excellent
guidance of MoMillin, I would be glad to return all the measurements
we made last year to you. That would solve that problem and would
really be of great help to me, because it would leave me only the
taxonomic paper to do on the species of king crabs. 'Wallace had a
wonderful fund of information gathered on the earlier Tondeleyo
venture, and that, plus what has been gathered by your several biolo-
gists on the current cruise and what little we got, should make a
very fin© paper. The difficulty would be in carrying him along while
that paper was being written up* ;

This brings to mind another point. If you do get a con-
tinuance and it is at all financially curtailed, it might pay you
just to put two survey boats instead of three in the field and keep
Wallace at home to write up the findings of the several cruises.

It is something to bear in mind. If things do not pan out as we
hoped. I’ll work up the data that I have here, but I think I’d rather
see Wallace do that relative growth job.

Pat might do the embryology is a thesis job at the Univer-
sity if he is still as interested as he was.

Art Hwatum might prove a valuable assistant to Yfellace
in working up results* He has 3ent me a very informative letter and
I judge from what you say that he has kept you even better posted.

I like the way that he goes at things, and the thoughtful way in
which he reports on them.

I do hope you will be able to secure or have secured
enough money to keep at least one boat in each area and have Wallace
work under McMillin’s guidance in Seattle on a report on the biology
of the king orab.

Unless your funds were continued, the boats are on their
way back at this time. I wish that they might have gotten in a few-
more hauls in Canoe Bay. Even though a tagged orab was found, I am
disappointed that a number of them did not turn up in those Canoe
Bay hauls.

If any remarks in this letter differ from those made in
the one of June 3rd, follow this one, I hope there is enough here to
give you some help. Barring the increased use of tangle nets, the
program that you have been pursuing should be continued.

Was there any attempt to mark those 3,000 crabs made in
the one haul? If so, how was it done?

For your sake, I hope Armina is back again. Tell her I
know she had a grand time in California, One always doos down
there, almost as good as in Seattle!

Best ever to you all.

Sincerely,

Waldo L« Schmitt, Curator,
Division of Marine Invertebrates,

WLS : Lite

501 B

UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF Tf I! : tNTEF !Of

Department of Commerce

: BUREAU OF FrSH ETRrE^S

Fish and .Viidlife Service
Te chnologi cal Lab orat ory
2725 Mont lake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

June 3,

Waldo L. Schmitt , Curator,

Division of Marine Invertebrates,
Smithsonian Institution,

United States National Museum,
Washington, D* G.

Dear Dr. Schmitt:

This is in further reference to my recent letter regarding
the progress of the crab investigation.

According to the latest reports, it would appear quite def-
inite that the populations have passed through the schooling
stage : incidental with their inshore migration for mating and shed-
ding, and are now becoming disbursed quite thinly but rather uni-
formly over a wide area, in deeper water. From this, it would
seem that the schooling period represents a relatively short time,
probably February to May, depending on the location, and that
large catches per unit of effort could be expected only during
that period, in which case there will be a lot of intermingling
of female crabs, soft crabs, et cetera, with the large males of
best canning size. In view of this I have instructed the boats
to try to establish the productivity per unit of gear with the
crabs spread out, so that we can determine to what extent con-
tinuation of the fishery beyond the schooling stage can be com-
mercially feasible.

The question then arises as to what would be the best pro-
gram to follow in case additional funds are obtained for continu-
ing the study during the summer months . I would, therefore, ap-
preciate your suggestions at the earliest possible moment as to
what you think would be the best points for consideration from
the biological standpoint. There is a possibility that the
" Jorothy" could remain in Bering Sea and follow the crabs out in
a continuation of the study of productivity per unit of fishing
effort, or there is a possibility they could look in on new
places, for example around the Pribilofs, tip around wunivak Island
and towards St. Lawrence Island, or they could return and give
further attention to the deeper water on the east side of the

Peninsula. There is also the question of how much value there
would be in spending any appreciable amount of time in southeastern
Alaska. According to the size frequencies, it would appear that
the Bering Sea population has been noticeably affected by the Japan-
ese operations and, therefore, since the Shumagin area has not been
fished commercially, it might warrant further consideration for
development .

Last week the vessels were held up by bad weather, but during
fishing averaged about 25 crabs for drag and about 40 crabs per
shackle ox oang le net, having been out in stormy weather approxi-
mately a week* The "Locks tf has been doing almost as well in Prince
William. Sound.

The reprints of the "Explorations and Field-work of the Smith-
sonian Institution in 1940" have been received and read with much
interest. I know the fellows will enjoy receiving their copies
when they return. I believe there is a typographical error in the
tenth line on page 44, regarding the date operations were trans-
ferred to Aliti

»a.;i •

fith. best wishes from all of us, I an,

Sincerely yours,

Pechnologist in Charge .

June 3, 1941

Mr* Roger W# Harrison
u, 8. Pish and Wildlife Service
272b Hontlak© Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

Dear Roger:

Hatural ly, I aia hoping that we can raise a little grant,
but that, as you understand of course, is predicated on the contin-
uation of the investigation into tine next fiscal year.

Meanwhile, there is the matter of the disposal of the spec-
imens that your field biologists will have collected this year, I do
think it would be best if all of them were shipped back here to Wash-
ington first. Then if Pat, for instance, were willing to work up
ooae plies© of the investigation, that part of the material could b®
sent back to hint. Though he will not be continued on the pay roll be-
yond tha expiration of the fund, we had talked over his doing certain
of the work toward his doctor's degree— a study of the embryology,
the condition of the egg samples, and the number of eggs perfoaalo*
we weighed out certain s ©looted portions of live egg masses, I have
the first lot here with me, and any additional material of that sort
should go to him, too, if he decides to do something along that line
for hie thesis. Of course, all the material collected is government
property, but any and all of it will be available for whatever studies
we my want to make in connection with the biology of the king crab,

I have ih salad one systematic paper describing the various
species from that region, with some remarks as to the sise and growth
of those that wo collected on the first trip. This second trip will
natural ly add to that data and if so me one carries it on from where I
leave off, well and good. Or else, if there is not time, I could lator
combine that data with what I have here. I also plan to look through
the stomach contents, but that material would be available for some
on© els© if they war© to promise a careful study of the various mater-
ials contained in the several stomachs saved.

In short, it seems best that the distribution of the mater-
ial to be studied be handled through on® office, and I shall be glad
to do it here for the sake of keeping all the records straight, inas-
much as we have all the stuff taken on the first trip already.

Schalcs has raadc a beginning on the fishes and 1 ■■ . t>
when -this second lot from the Bering Sea cones along that ho rill get
busier than ever. Tkwover , if some one on the coast should .ic^irs to
male® a report on all fie fishes, 1*11 see that all ; the mat, ri gets
into his teecn&k. f eg- the p ;t; ose, because we all want to get the 'stuff
worked up sooner or labor.

■tier.

a' * -s' * ,i • ■ i - . ■■

' • > > J. i . , . ; •

I ara really glad that things kergOhgGiie ss Veil with the in-
This ’art trip has • been ^v# so->,aioh tare- encouraging

— • ’ • . Ji *'*, ¥ p ai * • - ■ ' ■ •* •’ 5r« ‘ 1 ■

than the first one and, 1 as sure, .a. groat 'source of roll >£“• to you
for you tail had "1 ss personnel ar.i troubles than hot last

time.

My best to you all#

hAMr,

Si T:v''

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Department of Commerce

BnRE^XtX5F;mSHEHIES:

Fish and Wildlife Service
To c hno 1 o v i c al Lab or at or v
2735 ant lake Boulevard
Seattle , Washington

Waldo L. Schmitt, Curator,

Division of Warine Invertebrates,
Sm ithsoni an Institution,

States national

United

Washington , D . C

US 911 ,

Dear Dr. Schiitt:

It certainly was a pleasure to have a letter from, vou again*
We hone vou had a good trio south but are sorry you missed out on
our second expedition, because as near as I can determine, the
southern trip just couldn’t have been as interesting* The re-
ports I receive from Pat, Wallace, and Art Evatura would indicate
this second expedition has been a biologist’s dream* They have
been able to make extensive observations on shedding, spawning,
mating, and all aspects of the inshore movements, and they are
finding crabs in all stages of development. "Hand shakin couples
have been a very common occurrence. Of course, I can gather only
a hazy picture from the meager reports, but it would seen they
are getting enough data to formulate a quite definite story o:
the habits of the king crab.

They have definite proof that some of the males do not shed
The mating season is apparently during Harch and April and seems
to be progressively later toward the westward and the boats have
aore or less been following their development.

The crabs are beginning to uove out now and apparently they
spread in deeper water, ,/hen the boats first went into Bering
Sea their largest catches were in about 20 fathoms of water.

'.Then these productive areas were examined last week, the crabs
were in 40 fathoms. During the week ending way 24, the " orothy
and ’’Champion" could work but three days — their total for the
reek was about 3000 crabs .

Art Hvatum has written me some very interesting letters and
keens me right ut> to date with tabulations of the "Dorothy’s"
catches. I have a whole jacket of letters and reports from the
boys. If you would have the time to read them I’d be glad to
send them back to you for a while. Art says it really was a
sight when they made the haul netting 3138 crabs . The drag

was

for ninety minutes, on lay 1, just off foffet point. That’s in-
shore and a little north of Amah Island.

apparently tile crabs are concentrated between False Pass
(Isanotski Strait) and Port ‘oiler. Poor results were obtained
further up toward Bristol Bay.

The "Dorothy* and "Champion" made excellent catches in Pavlof
Bay — some in Canoe Bay, but not in the "crab hole' . Crabs were
taken at quite a few places all the way down the south side of
the Peninsula.

The results at Alitak have been poor. Somewhere I have the
impression that either Wallace or Kinky Alexander (both of whom
are on our second expedition) said that they got most of their
crabs in Olga or Iloser Bays, when they had the "Tondeleyo" .

So far the "Locks" had best luck from Sitkalidak Island up
and around the Island toward Kodiak, in Kupreanof and Easberry
Straits and down to and including Uganik Bay. However, on the
second trip around, they had poor luck, the crabs were evidently
disappearing. Pat recovered a tagged crab that had shed and got

complete measurement again, it had increased approximately

J - ft

I believe they have picked up some more

across the carapace.

larked ones since. The most productive area in Coo:: Inlet so

YY1

.r»

ar was up around Bluff Point* The ' r Locns

rfT

bach in Prince -11

JL D

lia i Sound now, just in case no further funds are obtained.

The boys are also yetting some interesting data on the gear
rapt to interpret them, except to say that there is

I won’t at to

some selectivity, for example, the tangle nets have been catch

in* much larger proportion of hard crabs.

Hoy left a shackle of gill net with a Kavy man at .omen's
Bay and he sent in his report yesterday, having followed the
crabs out .

\ -t !?.

is.

■g

rrospeet tlii

fi- -Jui

Ej S U: il

mer •

fabricating

gear

if licit

•

,4ir .• .

e will try a

trar 1

y-» r*?

tangle net. he also have an inquiry from Teller, msk

so xe

Alaska . Capt .

"Forth Pole" Hansen was in londay, just back from Peru. He says
he has many reports on the great abundance of crab up around the
Diomede Islands, so maybe v?e can get a development going up there
The people in this locality aren’t afraid to take a chance — they

might find themselves a new industry.

If the additional funds are forthcoming, wo will keep the
boats out until September. Our plan would keep Pat, ’arvin, and

Art on until January 1. There probably would be money to take
the temporary help you need. If no further appropriation is forth-
coming, I couldn’t promise anything because the funds will have to
be expended by June 30 end right now it’s so close I wouldn’t dare
assume a ten dollar obligation. Jr. Fiedler, however , nay have
some funds which could be spared.

You may be interested to learn that lie 1 sen sold the ?? Tonde-
leyo” about two weeks ago.

I suspected Joe would be going to Puerto Rico pretty soon
but did not know the date. I hone he will like it down there.

Our family is getting along quite well, outside of a f
colds — in spite of a lot of vitamins. Fancy’s am is about
healed. The doctor way remove the cast today.

A copy of the monthly report relating to king crab is attache

lith very best wishes from all of us,

incerely,

liar wo .

'Inclosure

I 7

Tv^TVYDrp nir* *, t i c*r.rt rm *> tj *r- -rr rr-c? mrn *■ nrr t
iu2iir UIl 1 Ux* ■.'iAJrv wlUl-i J. l J .1 J-Uy-iiJJLUi v

'For period April 16 to. ' lay 24

The vessel f? Tondelevo" was returned to

0 - e, _
i ; n o
V-i .1 O

1 e s s o r at 1 8 : 5 0 r # . .

Aoril

thus terminating the charter as permitted under the consent agreement. All

‘O'

Federal property, including the empty cans, lids, and paper liners, was re-

"loveci the day preceding. 6600 cases of one -half pound flat n C” enameled
tin cans , together with lids and paper liners, were transferred to the custod
of the Public Health Service for shipment to Horfolk, Virginia. 300 cases
of cans, lids, and paper liners were placed on the dock of the American-
Hawaiian Steamship Company for shipment to Hr. Jarvis at the College Park
laboratory. 100 cases of cans and lids were shinned to Or. d. V. Veldhuis,

State experiment Station, Pullman, Hashington. The remaining cans, lids ,
and paper liners, and other property aboard the vessel were removed to the
Technological Laboratory for storage.

O * *7 **r

1 18 — 0

_ 4T» .ct • _

o.l i ice

of wne

fresh food supplies were obtained and shipped to the expedition in the
. A detailed esti site was rroixare:' and submitted to the Washington
in connection with the proposed request for extending the field work

investigation throughout the summer.

4 - 4

v 4 u.

Av» •rs'v* 1 1 W *f"- l-i q Trri o o ol c? ft I ht»; ! o ur 1 ”'ri ; \ tvi

UX1 1 0 Uj. 18 voiabr-lo OOx UU:;. . c1.ua;. C.X-.cl U .LU.:

_L ' —

stopping first at Dutch

roceede-

4 *

n O n UpT*

liS

w ana to mead, gear .

if:

harbor to pick up supplie;

The trip was made in a blizzard and the "Champion" was navigated by means of
its radio compass. Due to a flu epidemic among the crews, it was necessary
for the two vessels to remain at Dutch Harbor for approximately a wreak.
Captain Hilsen required hospital! rati on for about sin days.

He tween April

Aoril 28 and Hay 15 the ?t Ctfemnion' ?r and "Dorothy* have been er

ploring the waters between Cape Hordvinof and ITgashik. ..1 number of excel-
lent catches have been reported which no doubt indicate man - large localized

populations on the Bering 3ea side of the Peninsula .
are located between Cape Hordvinof and Port toiler at

These areas apparently
his time of the year.

4 -

The "Lochs" has continued its survey around Kodiak Island and in Cook
Inlet. On the first expedition around the Island, crabs ere located quite
generally distributed and close inshore from Sitkalidak Island, around
through Kupreanof and Hasberry Straits, and doom Shelikof Straits side to
Ilgam k Say • On the second expedition around the Island, the crabs were
found further offshore and apparently much less concentrated, since the
catch, per unit of effort was materially lo-er. One marked crab was recap-
shoal ne about one-half inch of carapace growth in one month as - re-

tured
suit of shedding.

re-examination of Cool

T !

nlet was also shoving craos in

deeper water and less concentrated.

larch

ana Ann

14 the "Dorothy*

U n -1

lie X X

taken a total of 2282

Between

crabs south of the

Bay on April 9. Since entering Bering Sea, the "Dorothy* has taken 4227

_ Aleutians, the largest single catch being 436 in Canoe

crabs during the period April 30 to hap 10, the It
on

_ £5* f J o 4*

C J. j- ^ lO W

cathhes being 3517

, « v

■-■•CA.V

I (3188 in one trawl drag), and 498 from 150 fathoms of

: ? o rr

■ ICLv w •

U Cl J. if- , — O 1 1 0 \4

Between llarch 7 and April 14,

the

ftm-,

ampion ?T tool-: a total of 1859 crabs

' - r r\ P-ma c< *i vi

o v 4 o clx a . ju x i

south of the Peninsula, the largest days’ catches being 990 in
Eachemak Bay on march 21, and 909 in three drags (905 in one drag), in
Pavlof Bay April 12. Pair catches were made

Iso in fade harbor and Gold

Bay.

Bering

Sea during

Ullt-

period

report

n . -• 4* r* n eg

Cl -ClO

totaling 1

f * ;•*

ODD

prM;ils Q

V a.-k r>_4 >.,/ 4|

drags

April 3

0 ovg 7 eg

i n

t o dr a

n i an

*10 fl-50 * f f ’1- o m • -? r\r \ ' ' Ip c\ q

arW A M rt o - v • •« a* .r, 1 XaI,4.P

V-*r*

* m

{ }

; o 1 .

4 e.»i- j

— £

6, the vessel

iOcks rt

had taken 3400

•f >■

crass around nocii ax

■ u i

TqI « YTf n

JL A, Cl X X AX

t . "hat over 15,000 crabs, as compared to about 3300 for the Tf Dorothy’ 7 during

rpHi i c*

the total catch of the second expedition to late has been some-

tiie first expeditior

X #

r rh p 1 p t* a t

4 . C- »u.i. 1 w ,►_! -J

round 0

j— • »

pecinen taken last fall weighed sixteen
pounds; the largest specimen taken this spring weighed twenty- three
Considerable time has been lost on account of bad weather and a

•practically all the time on unknown bottom.

s a result of

ri F* o

» -»

"r n p

•w'* 11 W

O* A *B T> T (jAi

3 V/ w.«

o rn a ti

£> 4-1 J_ X..'..:-: ,

Although statistics for the first and second expeditions are given above,
no attempt at comparison should be made. The ’’Dorothy’s” catch during the
first expedition was confined largely to Canoe 3a v: the catches of the ves-
eels of the second expedition extend from Cape Spencer to .Ugnshik in Bristol
Ba v . During the first expedition an attempt was made to thoroun Iv fish only
the places crabs were located in significant quantities. So far in the
second expedition, on the other hand, an attempt has been made to cover as
much territory as possible in order to determine the extent of the distri-
but ion of the Alaska crab population. Consequently, the vessels have been
leaving large bodies of crabs as soon as some idea of the productivity of a

Particular area has been obtained

is means, of course, that the catch

par boat is much less than would have been expected if the vessels had con-
tinued to work on the bodies of crabs located. It would appear , however,
that the consistency with which catches have been made under rapidly moving
exploratory procedure, indicates a considerable population of crabs available
to support an industry, much valuable information is being obtained on the
biology and habits of king crabs since the biologists have been able to make
extensive observations on spawning habits , the moulting procedure, nd the
movement of populations, as related to spawning end moulting . The fishing
observers are also obtaining much instructive data as to the relative .merits
of different -goes of gear under varying conditions and of the selectivity

as influenced by the changing physical conditions of the crabs

of + 1

(O ry p p -

H-> r . -to/ V — , W ■'-X r

themselves .

Inasmuch as considerable data are now at

hand as to the distribution of

the 1

:ind crab , it

planned

year

an attempt vi

A o “vi or? A

ky 'v./ d i 4 L : .U* *■*♦*•■

high

productivity

and

test t

_ JL

boclies of crabs

rh r --rm ’i ■v - '-. f*

t. s AA A- A^ c. ,t, j

For week ending day 24:

. •• . ’

; f.

Bad weather prevented fishing in Bering Sea Sunday, Monday, Friday,
and part of Saturday. n vhawpiou ?? took nineteen tows yielding 1346 crabs.
Nine shackles tangle net set but not picked up.

"Dorothy” too. 1 : seventeen tows yieldin. 1657 crabs. Set sin shackles
tangle net, but none was lifted. Vessel' covered urea from Port oiler to
Black hill, fro a 20-40 fathoms . Dating season is over and the crabs nor
are s nr ending over larger areas in deeper water.

There was no report from

the "Locks".

Mr* Roger ¥* Harrison
3*8* Eish ahd Wildlife 3 or vibe
2725 Monilak©' Boulevard ) ' ; ;

Seattle.* 'Washington!

T-r.<

Dear Rogers

Here is a soo-j: u a 1 $5 > y i 0 r b which concerns more particularly a
hop® of mine that if you do get your appropriation extended you might
be able to find a few dollars which will enable me to rlre some help
to measure the email or its that; I got and also to pay , for agpiatrince
to yet the m i x’e. ien^§ .of all the crabs plotted on a /curve. Fifty
or sixty dollars should do the two Jobs*, because I would expebb to get
some catnpeteiit student. to do it in his spare time.

- 1 ' . ; f I.' >1 # ~ */ ' j h f ■,§ ' ■: -:‘.f ; V ' \ 0 ■■ : ^ "h * ’ V , \ '*'■ \ V ,' / ; , h . ,■

I had hoped to. avoid asking you for further help, but I m
finding great difficulty getting time for the job myself. I have seen
Joe since dictating ray other letter, and he tells . me that there is
some hope that your appropriation may be 'Continued for the remaining
summer months. I hope that it may, for, from what’ Joe tells me, you
have had some remarkably successful laauls. It is hard to believe that
you got almost as many crabs in one day as we got all of last season.

I am really happy for your sake. I would like to, have a copy of that
part of the .progress report that you send to the Bureau which deals
with the’ king crab investigation.

If you cannot spare the money for these measurements and
plottings, I am got along vdthout, but 1 did lose my assistant in
Alitak, as you will recall.

I am distressed to hear that your older girl broke her arm,

I hope that it is ell well knit by this time.

Joe is busy as a beaver and, as you no doubt know, expects
to leave for Puerto Rico on the 29th, He took me out to a farewell
luncheon Friday.

My vary best to you and yours.

Sincerely,

WLSiLMo

Waldo L, Sohmitt, Curator,
Division of Marina Invertebrates

May 27, 1941

Mr, Roger W* Harrison
2725 Monti ake Boulevard
Seattle, Yf ashing ton

Dear Roger t

This is a terribly belated acknowledgment of your letter of
March 28th, but it is ray first opportunity to write you since my re-
turn from a recent trip to the Galapagos Islands. The notice for this
trip was so short that they sent me down to Panama and bade by plane*

I am glad that the few mishaps you have load didn't handioap
the work as they did last year* It certainly is nice to know what
there is in king crabs, even if they are not there in tremendous quanti<8
ties. It may be that results since your letter have been more promis-
ing. I hope so for your sake. It would be nice to make a big killing
at the tail end of the season.

With this I send you a copy of a letter regarding the Japanese
names for the crabs that came in my absence* Joe has a copy and I am
sure you would be interested, too. Notice that the name for our .Alaska
king crab indicates that it is a dweller on the codfish grounds. How
closely that fits in with Captain Traf ton’s results of his codfish trials
in the Bering SeaJ I hope he is having equally good luck this summer.

If so you may yet be able to make something of an Alaska king crab fish-
ery.

Under separate cover I am sending you ten copies of the few
pages I contributed to the Smithsonian Explorations Pamphlet on the
Alaska trip. Please give one to each of your staff members on the
boats, meaning Pat, Arthur, Roy, Carl, Jim, and Captain Trafton, not
forgetting Armina, who did all the typing that made this end result pos-
sible. If you need a few more , I may be able to help you out. I sent
six over to Mrs. Aller for the Bureau files.

From Fred Menton in Kodiak I gathered the impression that his
brother was once interested in fishing king crabs. It turns out that
it was his cousin of whom he spoke. This copy of George Menton’ s letter
sets forth the truth of the matter.

This South American project is something in which some of the
other government departments are interested and it is going to keep me
busy for the balance of the calendar year, it seems.

I am gradually getting a few words together about our find-
ings up in Al&ksa, but it will be slow work, I fear. Miss Ho Cain has
just finished averaging all the measurements, which will give us an
average weight for both sexes of the crabs, as well as average size
for each of the places where we got specimens# Some time later I want
to plot the measurements so a s to get some idea of the growth curve.

I’ll be interested to know how the crab catches are going.

I know you are busy, and a carbon of one of your reports to the Bureau
if not too confidential, would save writing me a separate note. I
haven’t had a chance to see Fiedler yet, but hope to get over to the
Bureau early next week.

Ify best to you and yours. Remember me kindly to Amina.

Sine erel y ,

Waldo L, Schmitt, Curator,

WLSsLMo Division of Marine Invertebrates.

Department of Commerce

I a

?BUBCKaax:cse'T’iBW

Fish and Wildlife Service
Technological Laboratory
2725 Montlake Boulevard
Seattle , Washington

March 28 , 1941

Dr. Waldo Schmitt, Curator

Division of Marine Invertebrates,

United States National Museum,

Washington, D. C.

Dear Doctor Schmitt:

I wish to thank you for your letter of March 18, and the one of
earlier date, which was forwarded to me at Ketchikan, transmitting
Earl Ohmer's report of the take of king crabs around Petersburg dur-
ing the winter months.

’While in Ketchikan I listened in on the boats several evenings,
but reception was none too good and I could not get a very complete
picture of the progress so far. We have had a small amount of bad
luck, but fortunately none of it has turned out to be serious. The
"Dorothy” evidently struck a submerged log and bent her wheel slight'
ly, and the "Champion" cracked a piston Sunday. The "Dorothy" was
able to repair her wheel at Seldovia, with no more than a half day's
loss of time, and, fortunately, one of the construction companies at
Kodiak had a spare piston which vre are being able to obtain for im-
mediate installation in the "Champion” .

At the time the boats were leaving Prince William Sound, Roy
reported that they had caught about a hundred crabs to date. Since
then he has reported very good indications in Cook Inlet, and I be-
lieve the "Locks" was able to make some fair catches off Alitak.

One night I heard Jim Slaughter talking to Trafton, and he said that
the crabs certainly seemed to be coming in, in one location they had
worked, but that further up the coast their catches were pretty much
a blank as far as king crabs were concerned. Nevertheless, Jim
seemed quite enthusiastic about the possibility of accomplishing
something.

I heard Pat's voice again, for the first time in seven months,
and he sounded perfectly natural and as much a Louisianian as ever.
He was giving the biologists on the other boats a lecture on the
characteristics of the crabs he had observed during the winter.

On account of the defense program and the frequent ships going to
Alaska, we are able to maintain fairly frequent mail and supply ser-
vice.

Inasmuch as you can’t go North again this spring, I hope the
South American trip materializes.

With kind personal regards from all of us here, I am,

Sincerely yours ,

R. W. Harrison,

Technologist in Charge.

P.3. The weather here all winter has been like spring. Yesterday
it was seventy. I hope this doesn’t make you feel badly.

Armina wants her greetings sent special.

KWH: jc

March 29, 1941

Mr. Roger W, Harrison
2725 Monti ako Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

Dear Roger:

Pardon the brevity of this note, ’out I an going south
to Panama for something bettor than, a month. Don’t hesitate to
lot ne know how the expedition is progressing. 1*11 want to see
the latest regarding It when I get hack early in May.

I-y best to you and yours, the expedition staff, and Amina
end her folks.

Sincerely,

WLSilMo

Waldo L. Sohaitt, Curator,
Division of Marine Invertebrates.

March 18, 1941

Mr. Hoc or W* Harrison
fish and Tildlif© Service
2725 Montl&k© Boulevard
Seattle, Washington,

Dear Roger*

Thank you again for the kindness, I am glad to have these
extra copies* The beet of them I am sending on to Jo©, who was an-
xious to have one. There was no hurry about them*

From the results so far, it looks as though we are still
too early in the season for any big hauls of king crabs* Pat’s
take at Alltak is looking up and the traps are working nicely for
him, 1 don’t know whether he has the help or is strong enough to
handle the tangle nets. It would be nice to see what they could do
in comparison with the traps. Ho doubt there will be time enough
for that when the Locks gets in there* I am glad Christey corrobo-
rated the presence' oi*' fee crabs in Tafcutat. It looks as though
it might some day be as good a place as Alltak, even if not worthy
of any largo seals operations.

I guess they will receive mail as infrequently as we did
on the first cruise* I am due to write Pat, but goodness knows where
I should try to reach him* I shall do it via your office*

Best ever to you all.

Sincerely,

Waldo L« Schmitt, Curator ,
Division of Marine Invertebrates

WLStlMo

Department of Commerce

3CBEIREAG* XXXFJ£*»EmES£

Fish and Wildlife Service
Technological Laboratory
2725 Montl&ke Boulevard
Seattle , Washington

March 12, 1941.

Dr* Waldo L. Schmitt,

Curator of Marine Invertebrate t
Smithsonian Institution.

OWUiCU.1 XAiO OX OU.OXVJ.J 0

U. S# National Museum,
Washington, D. 0.

De ar Dr . S chmi 1 1 %

After much delay, I an enclosing spare copies of your
narrative regarding the first expedition of the Alaska Crab
Inve s ti gat i on «

The boats are well on their way and everything seems to be
functioning in good order, although no outstanding crab dis-
coveries have occurred as yet. The "Dorothy” made some drags in
Thomas Bay with very little luck. Possibly three or four crabs were
taken in the Petersburg area, at the expense of one trawl bottom*

The ” Dorothy” also made a drag in Idaho Inlet with no result*

On March 6 Christey reported that the ” Champion” made two drags
in Idaho Inlet without catching any king crabs but caught fifteen
hundred spiders and about three thousand pounds of flat fish*

On March 8 Christey reported that they caught four king crabs in
Yakutat and that they were proceeding on but that indications
there warranted additional survey later* The "Locks” can do this
the latter part of next May or the first part of June* The
” Dorothy" and ” Champion” are now working in Prince William Sound
but we have had no report so far*

The "Locks” should be at Alitak today to pick up Pat and
Scrivner and begin operations in that region* Pat wired on the
ninth that he had taken forty king crabs in Olga Bay during the
last trip and that fifty-eight per cent of them were caught in
our traps©

That is about all the news today*

Sincerely »

R. W. Harrison,
Technologist in Charge©

RWHsab

Enclosures

March 11, 1941

Mr. Roger Y. T , Harrison
U» s. Fish and Wildlife Service
2725 Montlake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

Dear Rogers

Here is a letter in which you will be interested, if only
for the information regarding the places and number of crabs captured

in the Petersburg area. 1 have asked Bari Ohraer to keep on making
these notes until the first of July at least, and told him if wo
wished them continued beyond that time we would write him again.

4 ».

he next vessel that happens to get in to Thomas Pay and
work around in the inside passage might try a few tangle nets es
veil as crab pots. There is one thing about tangle- nets— they should
be tried both at right angle 3 to the beach and parallel to the beach.

».© have made a copy of 0 liner’s letter, so you may have the
original for your file®.

1 am holding a good thought over this year's trip. I wish
ght have been with it.

Regards to all of you.

Sincerely,

Waldo L, Schmitt, Curator,
hi vision of Marine Invertebrates,

WLS j LMc

501 B

UNITED STATES

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Department of Commerce

BETROkEC'KIOCtSEtSKPBS

Fish and lildlife Service
Technological Laboratory
2725 Hontlake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

March 6, 1941.

Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt,

Smithsonian Institution,

IT. 8. National Museum,
Washington, D. C.

Dear Dr. Schmitt:

This is in reply to your interesting letters of
February 18 and 27 and I know you understand why they have not
been answered before.

The "Dorothy” got away Sunday morning, February 16, and
the "Champion" and the "Locks” sailed the evening of February 26.
Saturday, February 22, ’Wallace developed a bad lung condition
from inhaling formaldehyde and was not able to return to work
until the morning of the 26th and on February 24, Carl developed
a strep throat which laid him up for two days, so you can appreciate
Roy’s and my situation during the last three daj/s.

When the vessels left they were loaded down so much they
were almost taking water over the sides* The "Dorothy" was held
up at Petersburg with an epidemic of colds and sore throat© and
finally proceeded north on the 27th* Prior to this date, they
fished around Frederick Sound and in Thomas Bay without
results other than, I believe, that they caught about three
crabs* On the third drag in Thomas Bay, they tore out the
bottom of the trawl and had to stop. From what I gather, the
bottom in Thomas Bay is not suitable for dragging so any effort
there would probable have to be done with tangle nets*

The "Locks 71 and the "Champion" sailed north from Ketchikan
Monday the third and, since I have had no further reports, I
assume everything is going off all right*

You will be interested to know that the doctor informed
Terburg that the sight of his left eye was gone and that he might
as well go back to work. Accordingly, he was taken along as
cook on the "Champion", Jim Slaughter went as engineer on the
"Locks" and Kinky Alexander as a fisherman on the same boat.

They can help Pat along in view of their previous practical
experience*

I believe we have a pretty good set up since Oarl and Hvaturn
will be on the "Dorothy", Roy and Marvin v/allace on the "Champion",
and Slaughter, Alexander, and Fat on the "Locks".

7/e have not heard anything about the calipers so there is
only one pair between the "Champion" and the "Dorothy". This is
going to cause some limitation. We revised Form S according to
your suggestion. I took the liberty of having copies made of the
content of most of Page 2 and 3 of your letter of February 18 and
added this material to the instructions of the biologists. The
photographs and descriptions you. prepared for tagging were also
received in time and put aboard the boats for the biologists.

I am sorry that your South American trip petered out. The
"Penguin" will be going north some time in April so if you could
get away, we would be able to get you to Bering Sea so that you
could participate in this part of the investigation if you would
care to do so.

Right at the moment I feel quite discouraged because the legal
experts of the Sex^vice hold that we would jeopardize our position
in cancelling the charter on the "Tondeleyo" at the end of the
consent agreement period if we should ask to have the appropriation
extended into the next fiscal year to take care of accrued leave

due the employes. This means that we are going to have to bring

the boats back to Seattle quite early in June and will probably
have to ship Pat and Scrivner back some way during II ay# When I
stop to think of all the obstacles that have arisen to hinder
any specific accomplishment from the study, I sometimes wonder
how I have escaped becoming a case for an institution for the
mentally unbalanced.

tie had 3,000 numbered tags made and these are to be used
for the tagging studies. Art Hvaturn reports that he is having
quite good success in painting the carapaces as a means of

identification, so I hope the boys will be able to satisfactorily

mark all of their catch.

Thanks for the letter from Mr. Brazas. Jake Kruger told us
about Monte Bay and the "Dorothy" is probably working in the
Yakut at area right now.

The reason my recent letters have been typed by Virginia
is because Amina has been buried under vouchers and other office
detail. I am afraid that we will lose Virginia shortly because
she has been offered a position in Washington, D. C. in defense
industries.

At the first opportunity I hope to write you a personal
letter and thank you for your remembrances sent to myself and
family. With kind personal regards, I am.

Sincerely yours,

: vh

B. W. Harrison.
Technologist in Charge.

February 27, 1941

Dr. R. W. Harrison
U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service
2726 iiontlake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

Dear Rogers

Enclosed are two copies of the statement which I prepared
for Mr. E. J. Thompson, of the Service, as you requested. I feel as
you do, that Ed Verburg is entitled to compensation and I personally
hope it won't be niggardly. Doctors are inclined to be a bit hide-
bound. According to most of them, detachment of the retina can happen
only as the result of a severe blow, yet Dr. Spindler tells me that
lots of queer things happen in medicine and that the retina in Ed' s
case might have been detached as the result of nervous shook or some-
thing else that medical science may be unable to explain. His per-
sonal opinion to me was that the aocident might well have been the
cause of the trouble. Mien the Public Health doctor harped on the
same subject, I said to Joe that it is remotely possible that, when
the backfire and explosion occurred, Ed might have very forcibly
clapped his own hand to his eye and caused the trouble. It is some-
thing that one might do unconsciously and not remember after the ex-
citement of the moment died away. That might have caused the injury
and, in any case, would have been a direct result of the behavior of
the galley range.

This is but surmise on my part and I just mention it in
case they try some funny business to keep Verburg from getting his
just due in this case.

With this I enclose a letter that I have just received
from Mr, Alphonse Brazas, of Anacortes. Quite naturally, I kept my
eyes and ears open for all mention of king crabs. What I send you
just corroborates the reference I had to that place from one of our
ethnologists, Mr. Harrington. He brought us a fragment of a shell
of a king orab from Monte Bay and this Mr. Brazas sent me a photo-
graph of a perfectly good speoimen. You won't need it, but, never-
theless, as soon as I get it copied so I can return it to the owner
I'll send you a print. I am thanking Mr. Brazas for his information.

You will recall that you very kindly sent me a copy of that
narrative that I prepared of the cruise while in Seattle* It -was one
of those very nice, smooth copies. Do you have any of the others
left over? Even if corrected in pen and ink they would be very use-
ful here. If there are several, may I have two? One copy I want for
Joe, who asked me for it, and one would be sufficient if that is all
you can spare.

Best ever to you all. Remember me kindly to Amina.

Sincerely,

Waldo L* Schmitt, Curator,

WLS i LKo Division of Marine Invertebrates.

501 B

UNITE 0 STATES.
DEPARTMENT OF THE »NT£fl>o*

BOflESU' ©FXPIS^m^

Fish and Wildlife Servj oe
Technological Laboratory
2 7 25 Montlake Boulevard
Seattle * Washington

February 21 , 1941 ♦

AIR MAIL

Dr* w aldo L* Schmitt,

Curator of Marine Invertebrate,
Smithsonian Institute,

U* S. National Museum,
Washington, D. C*

Dear Dr* Schmitt i

Your letters of February 18 and 19 have been received#

The material you have gotten together should certainly be
helpful to the biologists and is being turned over to them#

Will you please notify Mr# Bailey that we shall not need
the German silver tags, since we have ordered some 3,000
serial ly-numbered , celluloid tags here in Seattle# Also, we
propose to use a fish lino wire similar to that taken along
on the first expedition,

I certainly hope Mr* Bailey is successful in getting an
order placed for the calipers so that they will reach us by
W e dne s d ay , F ebr uar y 2 6 *

The "Dorothy” 1 s in Petersburg and will start work in
Thomas Bay tomorrow# Everything is going on schedule — we hope*

Sincerely,

son,

Teel . Charge*

HWHxab

501 B

Department of Commerce

Fish and Wildlife Service
Technological Laboratory
2725 Montlake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

February 20, 1941.

Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt,

Curator of Marine Invertebrate,
Smithsonian Institution,

U. 8. National Museum,
Washington, D. C.

Dear Dr. Schmitt:

I am enclosing for your information a copy of a letter to
the Administrative Assistant of the Fish and Wildlife Service
from the U. S. Employees' Compensation Commission regarding
Ed Verburg's eye injury.

As near as can be determined at present Ed has lost the
sight of his left eye and the question seems to be whether or
not they can keep the eye alive or whether it will have to be
removed and replaced by a glass eye.

In vi ew of the fourth paragraph of the attached letter,

I wish you would prepare immediately a statement in duplicate
regarding what you know about Id's injury and place it in the
hands of Mr. E. J. Thompson, in Charge Personnel and Payrolls,
Fish and Wildlife Service, South Agriculture Building, Washington,
D. C.

For your information I am enclosing Verburg’s sworn state-
ment regarding the accident and copies of my letters relative
to the matter. I am requesting Joe Puncochar to write a report
also.

Sincerely yours,

RWH : vh
Enclosures

UNITED STATES EMPLOYEES’ COMPENSATION COMMISSION

Washington

February 8, 1941

In reply refer to File No.

726331

The Administrative .Assistant
Fish and Wildlife Service
Department of Interior
Washington, D. C.

Dear Sir:

The Commission has received reports of an al-
leged injury to Edward Yerburg, on September 12, 1940, while
employed as a cook on the **!.?• S, Tondeleyo” Alaskan waters
by your Service,

The evidence of injury is found insufficient, and
the following additional information is requested:

A sworn statement by the employee showing in detail
how the injury occurred, and the immediate effects thereof,
what action he then tooL why he did not seek medical attention
•until two months later, the course of the condition and the
nature of any home treatment used before that date. He should
also give in his affidavit the names and addresses of all
physicians who have attended him for any injury or illness dur-
ing the last five years, stating for just what condition he was
treated and over what period of time, in each instance giving
dates. He should state particularly whether he has ever pre-
viously had trouble of a similar nature, giving full details
of any such previous injury or ailment.

A statement by the employee’s foreman or other im-
mediate superior showing what he knows regarding the alleged
injury and when and how it first came to his attention; also
whether to his knowledge the employee complained or had any
trouble with the part of the body concerned, before the al-
leged injury. If the claimant's immediate superior is not
aware of any preexisting similar condition, it is kindly re-
quested that he question the claimant’s coworkers as to their .
knowledge of any such conditions and furnish the Commission with
a report of his findings.

In view of the claimant's brief period of Government
service, it is suggested that you have him furnish a brief
resume of his occupational history for a period of about ten .
years prior to the time he was employed by your office, including

The Administrative /assistant

File No. 726331
February 8, 1941

the name and address of each employer and the nature of the
work performed for each employer.

He should also execute and submit the enclosed
98-33 if he has ever had military service. If not, he should
so state in his affidavit.

The Commission will appreciate any comment the em-
ployee’s official superior nay be willing to make regarding
the claimant’s credibility and his opinion as to the merits
of this case.

Very truly yours,

W. R. Carpenter
Chief Claim Examiner

Ms bn

>:xnnaa cJULX » xx rtx » x

fish and ilfilife Service
eehnological Laboratory
2725 'ontlalce Boulevard
Seattle, ' ashington

February TO, 1941.

r. J. Thompson, In Charge,

Personnel and Payrolls,

Fish and Wildlife Service,
ashington, !>• C.

bear r. Thompson:

In accordance with the instructions in your letter of February 14
I am enclosing duplicate copies of a sworn stater ent obtained from
r. Verburg regarding the injury, containing all the information
requested in paragraph three of r. Carpenter’s letter to you of
February 3, and also a duplicate statement giving the information
requested in the fifth paragraph of the above lentioneb letter.

In view of the fact that Capt. Nelson , Faster of the ’’Tondeleyo”
sab dtted a statement on the initial for is turned in when medical
attention ,,as requested , I am asking Ar. ch.iitt and r. Puncochar,

ho are perhaps the most familiar with the accident, to su ; iy you

with such inf or sat ion as they nay be able to contribute. It is
requested, therefore, that you would hold the enclosed material
until it is supplemented by that which will be handed you by
hr. Lchnitt and r. ' 'uncochar .

In accordance with the last two paragraph of r. Carpenter’s
letter there are returned herewith Form cy -90 1 and the cusstionnaire
as to whether or not hr. verbnry was being paid from eraer :ency
relief appropriations.

There is Included also a letter in duplicate addressed to you
stating my views as to the claimant’s creditability and iy opinions
as to the merits of this case. I feel very strongly that r. Verburg
has a legit i -late claim for compensation. The stove was proven
definitely to be faulty and following his accident Captain -selsen
had it repaired.

Verburg’ s eyes were found to be in fairly normal condition
at the time he entered our service and I think it 'test lv v assumed

that the lors of hi n sight in the left eye can be attributed to the
accident while in the line of duty, and on account of faulty equip-
ment aboard the chartered vessel and the neyllyenee on the part of
the aster of the vessel.

Very truly yours,

7 K:vh
''Closures

. Harrison ,

Technologist in Charge .

A statement by i; dward Verburg regarding injury to his loft eye while
employed as Cook on the vessel n Tondeleyo ,> under charter to the Fish and
wildlife '?erri oe,

1. History of accident and medical attention*

The galley stove had been performing improperly and had gone out. 1
stooped &om a In front of the stove to relight oil burner and since the vessel
was roll in $ badly and space limited, my face was necessarily near the fire
door. As I applied lighted paper torch there was an explosion causing a
severe concussion and shot of flame which struck the left side of ay face,
burning the eye brows and eye lashes on the left side and burning the loft
side of ny face.

"The immediate effect was a pronounced burning sensation in ry eye and
on the left side of .my face,

I immediately reported t accident to Dr. Schmitt and Hr. Bineochar,
government scientists aboard the vessel and they gave first aid of washing
my eye with medicated eye wash and ap lying burn ointment to »y face. This
treat sent was continued for about a week and the burning sensation decreased
but 1 began to notice that I could not see as well. The eye ball also felt
sticky and we thought that this fluid was what was bothering ay vision.

it the time the accident occurred the vessel was is Canoe Bay, Blaaka ,
several hundred mil®® from the nearest doctor and I did sot want to ask
that the vessel leave the fishing grounds for this purpose unless I knew
there v?ae really something seriously wrong with my eye. After about three
wee "« 1 began to notice that my vision was becoming very noticeably affected
and I then asked Capt. h. V, jiclsea, ’aster of the "’Tontleleyo" if he would
take me to a doctor. He refused to do so immediately and kept putting a®
off saying the vessel would soon be going back to 3 odlak, Alaska.

jr eye kept setting worse an I finally asked %* ' ehmitt if he would

' ‘ . • «

see about getting me to a doctor. Dr. "‘chmitt spoke with Captain Del mn
and instated that the f *Toac!el@yo" either take me to 'odiaV or that
Cant, Kelson send a© to Kodiak on the vessel "Dorothy* . The Caotain became
angry with me for taking the natter up with "r. -etaiitt and said I had no
business doing this. I told hin I had repeatedly asked feta without results
and 1 felt sure somethin-” was definitely wrong with ny eye* finally on
November 11, 1941, vfwn the "Tottdeleyo” had completed operations a round
\lifcak, Alaska, Captain Kelsea instructed Captain Trafton of the vessel
"Dorothy” to take me to Kadiak*

I’pon arriving in Kodiak, Dr. Sehnitt and : "r» ‘‘uncochsr took m to a
private physician for examination, there was no public health doctor available*
This doctor said that he did not have the instruments to sake a proper
examination and diagnose the difficulty and since there had already been
two months delay, 1 might as well wait until -1 got back to ‘rattle where
proper action could b® taken.

Tfexm arriving In •cattle I wont immediately to the Torino Hospital
for medical attention. By this tine I could barely distinguish light with
r.y left eye. Hie medical attention received since Boceaber IS, 1941 Is
lathe records of the ‘aria# Hospital, cattle, es" ington*

2* radical attention or examinations during pest five fees*.

January 1935-1939. " T o medical attention required.

January 1939, ,ir. X, T lndsuc-r , 5441 "allarrt Ave. , oat tie, examined

eyas and prescribed glasses for reading*

January 1939. 'rive teeth filled and one extracted at Karine Foapl tal ,

Seattle , Washington.

kuguct 8, 1940 (approximately) • tt ended by Public Health doctor,

-'.'©ware, A.1W

strap left aide, Injured rib b

<ejr

of T0.

b&Mi ' -

'>vm 'Bear” of Baraau of Hiolo

*5*

■.u,?

X-myi

j #f <$*-

L 'it* w

Y<®5

no tiapea.

;.u: USt 27 . IS

fiei ?jji

sy "r. C. .

at rsr.vmmt

S3 X.l-i

ttm

a ms re -mi rod of

aplojred on the vessels o

A -

* a*

! tw

rape rarioTed fr

:© by

doctor at Ketchikan, A

3 . Previzm injury of

aboro, I

obtained ,3.

for use in read ins. bon I

•mime

-mg’

fs ,,w

, prior to beoomlnr employed on the

Tea

doctor found no trouble with my

I certify that

foregoing

If.

sge and

to*. a

ub scribed and tWBrti to before sx©

day of

A.D

* «

vemtowm

» #

revious employment record of -dwarcl 7'erburg.

1. 1928-192S.

Cook - Blanc*® Cafe, cattle, anhiagton.

1935-1988,

Cook - >:oMt*s Restaurant, Seattle, Cashlagtoa*
i« 19B8-193G.

Cook - Hotel Carlton Coffee Shop, Seattle, Washington.

j ■. ■ . ;.v ■. • ■ 4

3. 1930-1932.

Cook - temporary, various placed. Ha-4 times*

4.. June 1938-August 193.7.

Gook - 'onto Cristo "Hotel, ' Vorett , ■ashington.

5. October 19 33- June 1934.

Cook - George's Cafe, 610 ‘econd ve., cattle, Oasbingtoa.

6 . June 1934- 'arch 1936.

Cook - Cedar Tavern, A1 "chuler, Proprietor, Ballard, Seattle, wasklagtos.

7. ay 1936-rovomber 1936.

Oook - Vessel n mmm Lane”, Oceania fisheries Company, Bell treat
Terminal, Seattle , ■■sshington.

8. January 1937-Barch 1930.

Cook - George's Cafe, 610 •: ccond -ve., settle, ashingtoa.

9. ray 1930-..; .ugost 1939.

Cook - ’. i. "Brown Bear”, Capt* c-elevold, Bureau of Biological Survey
and Blah and ildlif© erviee.

dward Yerburg

iqcxxEcaraxoxaxE
r lot end ildlife ervice
Technological ' aboratory
27C0 'ontlake boulevard
cattle, ashin ’ton

obruary 21, 1541.

• ' *

J. fhorapson , In Charge,

, -eraoanel and : ayrolls ,

’iah ami ildlife ervice,
..asliiagfcon, ). C.

:ee is mad© to tip l-" 1

* ' #

V.H

Carpenter

lai : xanlner, U* . mployea* Compensation Coiraiseion,

lie 726331, address d to the dninlatmtive -csistmt, Hnh end

11 life service, apart eat of the Interior, under cate of
February n , regarding the alleged injury to -dvmri : or bur ; and
in which the Casaisaion states that it mu Id aroreciate any
consent the employees official superior would be willing to
take regardin:: the? claimant * e creditability and his opinion
as to the merits of this case.

I feel justified in stfnlttln-' the folio- inn observations
for the records of this case.

1. The sworn statement submitted to re by r. 7erbur& cor- ^

«W**f

Uvt

...ea d of - 'ioll arty, and r. itineochar, ieheries leehnolo • ist ,
who acted also as first-aid men on the vessel "Tondeleyo * • -he
daily diaries of those r.en also verify the situation as explained
toy r. Varburg . bile :r. Verbur - did not e me under ly sisper-
v Is ion until An, :ust 27, 1540, all information which I obtain,-:
would indicate that he is entirely honest and definitely trust-
ful in this instance.

I:i order to protect the i'iflh and ildlife Service ti'ori
. u diced claims, w# required that all
physical examination at t-e larine hospital, -cattle , ashiagton,

r. * - •

in man on .ucust 27, 1940. dr. 'in ■ ;an*s report, the original
co - - of which I have before -t® gives the- following i :tf or station
i- ;.irciu : the con dtiofc of r. Terbiu-g’s eyes on the above date,
distant vision ext .out classes ; right eye, 20/50, loft eye, 20/&0.
”o data ax, c given regardin' vision vitb glasses since the applicant
cil not have Tils > v Ins ear. : if: bin. viden.ee of <*im- ! so or injury

o; .. ft if so* , checked*

of test iny color vision, IsMharsu "var vision v-itf out "lasoes;

right eye, 0 laches to either 0 or 6 inches (latter mi »ber
eligible) j left ©ye, If inches to 15 inches, . rout this report
it would appear quite >: ©finitely that r, tfarbur ■*& left, eye was
•uit'; nearly nor ml and showad no evidence of disease or injury
end in fact was better than his right ey©» It would he ij orini :
therefor© that the loss of vision due to separation of the retina
h his left eye isuat he attributed to the accident •'•board our
vessel and that he therefor® ’'.as a just claim for condensation.

■J-CX

'.hie original or u photostat copy of the certificate of nedical
exa ination referral, to above rill he au 'oliad if it is required.

a, y

* V : k

, Garrison,
fchnolo 'let in Char,

Fish and -..ildlife errice
; t» ehnolo g leal La b spat ory
2725 Font lake Boulevard
"cattle » ash ington

eb rn « .p y ?, 0 , 1 3 ■ 4 1 .

Fr. J, F. Ftmeoehsr,

Tec hao logical Labors t or y ,

Fiali and ■ . ildlife Service,

University of "aryland.

College lark, Maryland •

Dear Joe:

I m enclosing for your informat ion a copy of a letter to
the . 4 ;isisirative • assistant of the Fish arid ^ildli f e Service
twm the 1-* 5. Sraployees * Compensation Cans! as ion regarding
M Yerburg’s eye injury.

As near as can be determined at present -J has lost the
sight of his left eye and the Question s®«8 to fee whoth-~r or
not they can keep the eye ellve or whether it will have to be
removed and replaced by a glass eye.

In view of the fourth paragraph of the attnehed letter,

I wish 5 *o?.: would prepare immediately a statement in duolieate
regarding aft at you know about 334*8 injury and place it in the
& »f Tm • ;r v A a | rge 3 srsonscl Mil Payrolls,

Fish and *•> ildlife Service, South. Agriculture Building, tashi^gtoa,
* 3 . C. '

For your Information I n ’ enclosing T© rburg's sworn state-
ment regarding the accident and sanies of ay letters relative
to the matter* I am requesting Tr. --ehwitt to write a report
also*

Sincerely yours.

s. . . Aarrison,
Technologist in Charge.

:? HlVh

^closures

Zeohr&ic ;X sal laboratory
College Mark# itanriaaod

'*% IS

■C %.(

'*nf;

• »

• «f« Thoispaoa# la ©Iberge#
P®r*Ofifi«l aad Payrolls,

flail feaC. 41111 if# dorric#,
t&sh inytmi# 5. tu

Dear Hr# 1%0npae&*

At the request of Mr# t* 1# Harris© n# teehnelosish la ©barge of
the Seattle# $M£u laboratory, 1 m forwarding to «

stafeMeafe in fejjl loot# regret l.?iy ny ’tno^lodga of mn eye Injtsry to Sr*
Sdward V'erburg i«w was i ymml TlMDffiLgtQ eh lie is the essploy

of the Cervioe is ilaskaa eater® •

la additions, to i^r duties m f.iati®ri#« teehsologlet on the expedi-
tion to Alaela# I ms «Mlgs*4 to a&slaieter fir afraid treefoeet to nay
abators of the erw also were Injured Is 11»© of duty* It is sy belief
Hr* fsrtwrg **s® injured iii line of duty sad feat the explosion
galley stove MM* the diroot earns® of the injury to hi® loft eye#

»!>...«

Previous to the degjerture of the expedition to Alaska# all of the
w» were glvwa & phyel©®! ©xardnat loa at the H# S* Karts® Hospital is
fio&fctla, .faeti* 1 r@es.tl froa Mr# 7orl>ury f s s@4i©®l fom that td
so preview® ®ya injury mr wm Ms vision la any w«y ijspaired*

ra 'ms

the Injury wao to Sf atteWt ion lar;»diat#ly altar the yallay stove
exploded* *’I rat-aid tf*©*te«sfe ©©.sals ted of washing the eye with a dilute
borlo mid solution and apply lag a tom ©In&swat to the fa©©. free&aesdt
of the eye mm eeatiawad for shoot a vseeSc shea the burning sensation in

! 1 S 3 e :*

Captain Seises, «$ ashed to were the vessel into a eerfc %l:nm a
foot ar could be re&ah#4 after . ferburg ©or^laiaed that hi® vision
m beeswing a©%lee*bly ®f fee ted. lie refu ted to 4© ao is^sedietely.
however# oil the insist#*®*# of 'Sr. laid© X». Sehaitt# leader of the field
party# Oapvy.r ... , ruiy grades ion on lowmSs^r 12# 234.0 for Mr*

Tori &3 a tri a the vossol H xtiai# Alaska kip

to ao© a do© tor. 3>r* Seteltt and T aeaespMsl od Ms* ' lino® there mm

2 *

Hr# 1# J# ftotapsos. fmbm m f 24# 1341

a* V* S* Putoli© Bftrrto© dastor av&Uabl# la Ko4 late# «s*.

Ysath-mg mat t»km fc» a prlwfe® alijsie isa* flit® phyaiaiaa ^resorlbed
%ja #y» w»»h aM «Sg*«t*>4 that ;%** Varburg b© tales to m ©y®
ejs#®ialist siycr? tim return. «f %fc* ©xjnsMllbion to S«a.btlis> flfcsh,
fr«wKtea»r,:5 tor t ?a ©y® begin at tl*© Ilosptt&i la £#&ttl© e®

fif©«g&®r IE# 1940*

All of ih© fausta of Hi# c»d with whioh 1 m% f ant II©? ®isg;g®®%
that Is*# Vwrtuarg ma lnjur©4 is. 11m of 4uty by faulty equliwiit
aboard ■ thffl n@#»el PW$M,M® tad that prof asssloml bro»te»ai m#
delayed hmm&a of m#/:llgaaea ©a th© part of it© Matter ©£ t&© v«©«©$.

Vary truly your®#

•bwgh F« f awash©**.

JFPthob
oo - Mr.

Harrison

8. C. Form No. 11

Signal Corps, SJntteb States JUrtnp

3SWteftsei> at

War Department Message Center,
Room 3441, Munitions Building,
Washington, D. C.

3 9313 U. S. GOTUSNMSNT PHINTtNfl OmCI

I 3 WVD CL 57

PRTY

SEATTLE WN 1232P FEB W 1941

WALDO SCHMIDT

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTE WASHN DC

MOW iVi

viANY WHITE NUMBERED CELLULOID TAGS DID YOU LEAVE WITH

PAT STOP ADVISE RETURN WIRE IF YOU CAN OBTAIN MORE

IN WASHINGTON AND SEND AIR MAIL SINCE MAY HAVE DIFFICULTY

IN OBTAINING NEW TAGS IN TIME HERE STOP DO NOT
WANT REWARD TAGS PREFER BLANK OR USBF ONE SIDE AND
NUMBER OPPOSITE SIDE STOP DOROTHY SAILED YESTERDAY

R W HARRISON

ai3P

STANDARD FORM No. 14
Approved by the President
March 10, 1926

From

OFFICIAL BUSINESS— GOVERNMENT RATES

ALASKA COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Bureau

Chg. Appropriation

0. 8. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 10 1723

Seattle, Washington,

February 17, 1941.

Waldo Schmitt,

Smithsonian Institution,

Washington, D. C.

How many white numbered celluloid tags did you leave with Pat. Advise return
wire ix you can obtain more in Washington and send airmail since may have
difficulty in obtaining new tags in time here. Do not want reward tags prefer blank
or U.3.B.F. one sine and number opposite side. ”Dorothy" sailed yesterday.

CONFIRMATION

vh 11:55 P.M.

R. W. Harrison

February 19, 1941

Dr. E. tf# Harri son
U, s. Fish Zi biliiife Service
2725 SiOiii&ako Boulevard
Seattle, ..aeliiagton

Dear Sogers

I finally was able to get in touch wills the bureau and
have talked with Dailey. lie does not know just the number of tags
he supplied us. I m afraid you will have to find out what Fat h m
loft if that is necessary.

■-V

IJ' ■

alley also toll’s ::ie thst he can furnish you a number of
hundred German silver tags with numbers* They would do, and if you
need them you had bettor wire him to said them on to you, also a
stock of wire unless you can get something out on the coast. With
this is a sample of what we used, it is a very satisfactory, aba-
corroding rriro. It looks like Gattqaa silver.

bailey has also wired the caliper firm, Glogau & Co.,
Chicago, to boo if ho can get a pair of calipers. If possible, he
will send you the extra pair.

Hope the letter of last night is in your hands* Best
ever to you all.

Sincerely,

WLS : Ilia

belbo L. Schmitt, Curator,
Division of Marin© Invertebrates

501 B

UNITED STATES

Department of Commerce

Fish and Wildlife Service
Technological Laboratory
2725 Montlake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

February 15, 1941

AIR MAIL

Dr* Waldo L* Schmitt,

Curator of Marine Invertebrate,

Smithsonian Institute,

U. S. National Museum*

Washington, D. C.

Dear Dr. Schmitts

I am enclosing for your information a set of the in-
structions and miscellaneous memoranda to be used for the
second expedition of the Alaska Crab Investigation*

I would appreciate your checking these over and offer-
ing any criticisms you may have by return air mail.

We are completing loading of the "Dorothy" today and
expect that she will sail at 6 a.m. in the morning, Sunday,
February 16. Needless to say, every one is busy, so will
you please excuse the brevity of this letter*

The folks here all join me in expressing our apprecia-
tion for the Valentine remembrances*

With best good wishes, I am

Sincerely,

R. W. Harrison,
Technologist in Charge.

RWH:AB

Enclosures

AJkJvb j5**J&*Jft*^^

Fish, and wildlife forvice
Technolog leal Lab orat or y
2725 Fontlak® Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

February 13, 1941.

Tmmmxmt to Fishing Observers.

In your capacity as fishing observer it will be necessary
to keep co plate and accurate data and notes on each day’s operations
as they will bo the basis for the re orfc of your vessel’s operations.
You will be responsible for the proper recording on the Grab Boat
Report and Tlr?.e Study forms.

These forms are largely self-explanatory. Referring to the
Crab Boat Report* "area fished '’shall be described as a definite
part of some bay or with reference to son© point on shore or by
latitude and longitude if off shore. Under destruction of fish,
a fairly accurate estimate of undersize marketable fish whicr will
not live on return to the enter and nosmarketabl® fish shall be
recorded. The space provided for remarks shall contain a summary
of the remar'-cs made on each drag on the reverse side of the fora.

" ffests of various typer, of bottom on the gear shall be noted as
time progresses. Any unusual circumstances as to catches and fish-
ing operations, also gear reeoaasandations as to improved methods
and material®. The reverse aide of the Grab Boat ■ ©port is also
self-explanatory* Each operation shall be numbered in sequence
as it is performed. The "Champion" shall use a prefix (A), the
"Looks" (B), and the "Dorothy" (C) t "Tin© out” and "time in” shall
be the tine that the net is actually on the bottom fishing and
not include the time of hauling and setting. hen tangle sets
are used, the time necessary to haul, clear, repair and set the
nets shall be incorporated with re arks, A sounding must be taken
at the beginning and end of each operation, the type of bottom and
depth in fathoms being noted.

'hie approximate weight or amber and sixes of various fishes,
also the various types and relative abundance of other bottom life
shall be recorded in the column headed "remarks”. her© possible,
cross bearings on some points on land shall be recorded if operations
are offshore so as to definitely establish the position of the
operation. Two lines on the fora will probably be required for each
drag to provide adequate space. V tracing must be made, from the
chart covering the area fished , showing the location of each
operation, depth of water, type of bottom and the direction of
dragging for each day’s fishing. In addition, the tracing must

contain information as to date, chart amber, operation of drag
number, na is of place or headland if sear shore, the- latitude and
longitude and a scale of miles ,

daily log must bo kept contain ag information as to the
day’s operations , location and any unusual occurrences. Observa-
tions as to th® effect of various typos of bottom on the gear,
the relative ease of operation of different tree of gear, and the
effect of weather conditions on gear operation shall be noted,
fear lost or morn out, and the accompanying circumstances must he
noted as a basis for ietermining the durability of various types
of equipment • 'Iso any new ht put ‘n use should bo recorded*

l. Harrison,
Technologist in Charge.

CBCivh

Form A

FISH AND "WILDLIFE SERVICE

Date

CRAB BOAT REPORT

Report Ho.

Time Boat left

Time fishing started

Time catch landed

Boat

Captain

Weather (Sky

(Water

Air temp__
Bar one ter

Depth

Water temperature (l) Surface _( 2) belo w W ater sample Ho

Area fished

Type of gear_

Amount gear used

^Degree of fishing effort

Catch (per drag* shackle of net, or trap)

Total catch

Condition of catch on delivery at cannery^

Destruction of young crabs, number, sizes
" " fish, kinds, number, sizes

" " other forms of bottom life

Canning code for day
Examination of pack

* * Remarks

* i.e. Uumber of drags if trawling

Humber of pots or tangle nets lifted, etc,
** Should include general description of relative abundance of different forms ox
bottom life, including algae,

I Mh<

iiolooicaj. program

% # pi Jr. « 4

feil ,4 JLw» i

Hi® following Biological ppognr. should
is pra at i cable, an all vessels at all tl

Wii

edhernd to insofar as

• . tudiea on ©oveient and ©Ignition of lag crab*

(a) Observations#

Baeauae of the follow up schedule of the fishing vessels
during the present expedition and the r©-*xa»l nation of
aw*; red by feho first expedition cert.-.- In opportunity
will be afforded for recapturing t m crabs.

Bo cm th® lookout for crabs tagged or otherwise warded
during the first expedition or daring the present trip
and record all observations which say throw light on the
nova&ent os* aigyattoa of Blag crab*

(b)

srasln#

Co)

For the above reasons it Is dasimbl® t’ at the biologist
on each vessel ta? os aaay ©mbs m Is possible* Th«
procedure to b® followed should be stellar to that used
toy Dr* dlnltto during the first expedition.. A description
is appended* ' ' : xp©rteont®t Ion with other ©ethoda of tag-
ging are also r®C<» ended at ’.3r* .?ch»ttt*s rerueet •
Marking crabs,

Under the conditions of tb® present expedition all erabe
not kept for apeetaea# will to# returned to the w-ter
and will bo subject to recapture* accordingly, In order
to ill . e eeelbtl 1 f of rotate lag btu ft crabs

without kncwfled#®* all crabs not tag ted ©8 tinder (to)
above ust be otherwise ©arkei to distinguish than f Tam
crabs bein' : taught for tt» first tine# A suggested

• clwAtt, f of

the Elm crab *

*f*mi *

Camtschaticas

inurru'Mnlf vntoty rijwnnn iiwti# n*.. -

' r npf ■"■> >

% wire and

. ,„ t ^ , . . „ . yjo i fud 1 tf pt i i * i j^ n w ti w tw up waii i P ■ . ••

tag as shown in Fig* 1 is uned* iMe wire is Inserted
and twisted around underneath tfee carapace in stieh a
my that it does ant interfere with the ©oath parte or
the logs of the ©mb* The actual position of the wire
la above* the bene of the lege* (Fig# 8). Bbs ends of
the wire nr© twisted together at the posterior or baa
end of th# ersto and. the tag te then secured wo
string lag on the wire sad twisting the wire again to
securely fasten the tag in place. (Fig* 3),

£ Cdhd f t .

rim

M 1

— iXi'r-i

t# itudl m

and neuaureoeats

%W'

ing crab

regarding life hist ory, growth and age

of crabs oaa be obtained only if enough reliable measure*
ateate are aacle# I wtioalwlf desirable art aoweureae&te
of crabs before and after » j | g# If it should appear
that an opportunity would bo afforded to mk® these latter
obsermtleae a suitable lire bor or corral should be
prepared#

la general throughout the expedition all tagged crabs received

and all crabs tagged should be measured (if only caragac<

width but praferably according t© tom )• : '«Mrw» U '

should bo ta’ren to show eia© cross section of each catch.

# f

Ft#

3* Studies cm abundance of "img crab#

Tn cooperation with the *4#h«ry Kngiaesr aboard rive at*
tent ion to abundance of crabs i

different tinea of the year,
various depths *

{a) As taken by the several tyres of gear used.

(d) ’ tew pots are us od, attention to effective baits
an eh as fish* wood inpra.-paotof with fish oil* ate#

4* ''tudles 011 food habits of King crabs#

Infer mb ion 1® desired concerning ih* food habit? of crabs
of different ages and sisea# Accordingly# the biologist
invim at one© the staunch contents of as may
waxy caught ewr'-.j a® is practicable# recording tbs
observations on Fora •

5# ;twti«i on the eavireassat of crabs.

Obserrst ions end data mould b® recorded on:

fr I CS@S§*#

it) Food habits C firsts 4).

Co) 'kspfchs found*

(d) ;n«®iea of craba in hard shell staffs# soft stage#
•ow*e*t r a iff «* si, mm a 1 1 os .

Co) Associated fauna and flora#

(f) K'uch hydro- Taphic data far -.‘.ay ba obtained rith
K : |t hvrsd.

6# Collection of aanploa#

fa) The tRitbooaian lastttuit on hm eepplied a epeeiaan
collecting outfit for each veaoel# hpeeiaoBs should

it. i

I m I -

and

an«« **«»

&@hs ;1 Ins tract 1 on® .

in*

be caved for embyyelagicel atndiea
oval aaaai nsriee of crab m

7# Test panels.

Teat panels of carl oat material® I#®, sheet iron, glare-? t
wood# concrete (one of m eh at s» station) should be pat
-out in order to study growth rate of erganlfwo living an
crabs# chiefly barnacle® , bryoae# hyd raids end warn tubes •
Xnforaatleft from these panels way be of value ia detcrain*
tug growth rate and frequency of moulting of crabs#

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Fish and Wildlife Service
Technological Laboratory
2725 Montlake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

February 12, 1941*

M3MORA17DIM for Mr# L. S. Christey, Asst. Fishery Economist.

In view of Dr. Schmitt f s inability to participate in the
second expedition of the Alaska Crab Investigation, you have been
designated as "Head of Field Party" and in addition will act as
financial officer and officer of the mess for the expedition and
as fishery observer on the vessel "Champion". In these various
capacities you should be guided by the following general instruct-
ions.

(1) Prior to the departure of the three fishing vessels from
Seattle you are to assist me in organizing the details for the
second expedition. This will include arranging for the purchase
of the food supplies, fuel oil, and lubricating oil for the three
vessels, completing employment forms for the temporary personnel
and assembling essential supplies for the expedition.

(2) Upon completing the preliminary work in Seattle you will
take part in the field work in the several capacities mentioned
above •

(a) As "Head of Field Party" it will be your duty,
with the assistance of Mr* Carlson, to keep the activities of the
three vessels coordinated and follow as closely as conditions
permit the schedule of exploratory fishing outlined in my instruct-
ions to vessel cajjtains. These men and the scientific investigators
have been instructed to refer all matters of policy or problems
relating to the welfare of the vessel personnel or the general
conduct of the investigation, to you for decision or for trans-
mittal to this office. The vessel captains and scientific investiga-
tors have been instructed also to report to you frequently on the
progress of the wor£ on each vessel and you should supply this
office with summarized progress reports at frequent intervals.

In this connection you should establish and maintain definite
schedules with the Signal Corps offices for communicating with
this office and should establish and maintain schedules with each
vessel of the expedition for conducting the work and for obtain-
ing information on the progress of the operation. Unless in an
unusual circumstance communication between the expedition and this

office shall be through you.

As "Head of Field Party" you are authorized to make
such shifts of fishermen between vessels as in your and Mr. Carlson’s

estimation, will be in the best interests of the expedition.

It is not presumed that your perogatives as "Head of
Field Party" should conflict with the recognized authority of
the captain of a vessel on the high seas, however, it is to be
understood that the captains of the various vessels should cooperat
with you to the fullest extent consistent with the safety of
the crew and vessel in carrying out the general program of the
expedition.

(b) As financial officer for the expedition, all
purchases or expenditures should either be made by you/ or
approved by you and you should advise this office immediately
in order that the books for the expedition can be kept up to
date.

(c) As officer of the mess you should require that the
cooks of the three vessels keep you informed of the status of the
food supplies aboard the vessels and no additional purchases should
be made without your approval.

(d) As fishery observer aboard the "Champion” you should
follow the program recommended for this phase of the work and

keep such records as are required. It will be your responsibility
also to see that periodic packs of King crab are put up according
to the attached instructions. Mr. .'allace should be able to do
this in addition to his biological observations.

RWH:vh

R. W. Harrison,
Technologist in Charge.

fish and lldli ‘e s'^erric©
Technological laboratory
2V 25 ' ’oxrtlake Boulevard
■ Seattle, <asu i ngtaa

February 11. 1341

"ll ’ for Hr. allace. Biologist - vessel "Champion*

la your capacity as biologist on the spring expedition of

s Crab Investigation* you will be guided by the following
general instruct! oast

(1) Upon entering on duty and until you depart for Alaska
you Kill assist Ur. Chrlstey, Kr. Carlson arid nyaelf in -asking
preparations for the departure of t he expedition, you, being re-
sponsible for asse mb ling and getting aboard the enui -mat, supplies
etc., essential for your phase of the exploratory study.

(2) Upon completion of the preliminary work In cattle you
will take part in the field work of the Investigation, and will be
responsible for the conduct of the biological phase of the
activities of the vessel to which you have bean assigned, adhering
to the specific pro -rat and general instructions attached to this

(3) .u

!1 JUJ

supervision of
of the field

tfes field you. will be under
"*• !• 8. Obriatey who has been designated an

party.

{4) You shall cooperate with the gear expert aboard
vessel in every way possible in order that the «axistr?s tv
of information cart b© obtained. Ton shall also cooperate with
tu© Fishery Engineer in preparing periodic experimental packs
of crab neat according to the instructions supplied herein.

{5} You will keep accurate daily
observations, using the for
nation periodically to Hr. C.
office.

S%v wi’u

and report p©
for transmission to

infor-

te) Upon completion of
complete the assembly of your
of your ■ mrk •

* exploratory fishing you will

data and submit a couplets report

(?) Amendments in addition to these instructions will be
forwarded to you through Hr. Christ ey.

l x

Y:vh

B. u. Harrison,
‘Technologist In Charge*

Fish and lldlife Service
Teohnologi cal laboratory
2725 ■ lontlake Boulevard
Seattle , . ashington

'February 10, 1941.

; F to Capt. Anders Nilsen.

In your capacity as ''aster of the vessel "Champion" during the
spring expedition of the Alaska Crab Investigation you will be
guided by the following general instructions

{15 Having completed loading the vessel and u on leaving '••Seattle
you shall proceed to the various localities listed hereinafter
adhering as closely to the tiae schedule as weather permits for
the purpose of carrying on, exploratory fishing operations for Flog

crab

** #

Period 1 • February 16 to February 21.

In Seattle preparing for departure .

Period 2 - February 22 to February 27 *

Oa February £5, or as soon thereafter as is
Forth from Seattle for Alaskan waters via the inside

Period 3 ** February SO to March 4.

Fnroute Seattle to Cape Spencer. top in Ketchikan and take
on fuel oil and water.

proceed

passage

Period 4 - March 5 to March. 10,

Upon leaving Gape Spencer proceed across the gulf toward
Prince silliaa Sound ant! establish contact with the vessel "Dorothy"
which, if accord inf to schedule, will fee enroute from Yakuts t, to
Cape Hi ne hint rook* If schedules have been maintained you will join
the " Dorothy* and begin fishing operations along with her enroute
to Prince liUioi Found.

Period 5 - March 11 to Parch 16.

Continue investigations in Prince 14111a t Pound in eomnany
with the "Dorothy* and as may be recon; landed by -r. C* 71, Carlson
and Fr, Chrlatey , it being considered desirable to investigate the
areas outside of Orca Say, up around Knowles Head and -loose Island,

the area around OU«iw Island sad the waters between "ni ;t,t Island
and Montague Island.

Period 6 m March 17 to Marsh 88,

Upon cow'-letiuj* the survey is. Vrlmm Willi®* SmnA you
will proceed to Cook Islet where, if weather and tides permit,
you should fish both pill nets and otter trawls in both Kiachesaak
and Karaishak ’lays.

Period 7 - Merck S3 to Kerch 28,

’eathar par titling continue operations in Cook Inlet until
about Kerch 16 and then proceed dov-n tha west tile of Hhallkaf

h« coast e )ougla» to Kn ha k , includ-

ing Halls Bay and f'ulcak Pay,

Period 8 » Parch 89 to April 2.

Continue down Hhelikof Strait, toward the 3huraa.pl no making
a f m drags in Cold 'fay, Dry ’Say, and -Castle Pay,

Period 9 ** April 3 to April 8,

Hake exploratory drags along Shaaogin Bay between the

Piru tagin Islands and Sanaak Island and on. 3aanak bank,

‘

Period 10 - April 3 to April 14,

Investigate Davidson bank -and Unimak Bight,

Period 11 - April 15 to April 20.

Proceed to Dutch Harbor to take on mch fuel oil and other
supplies that say be required and then continue into Bering Hem,

■ki nr. experimental dra ts in the arSS between ua pa iaritthaf and
Cap® lordvinot .

Period 12 ~ April 21 to April 86,

Explore the area between teak Island and Black Hill in
company with the "Dorothy*.

Period 15 - April 87 to Bay 1.

Explore the area between Black Hill and Fort '‘'oiler in
company with the "Dorothy*.

Period 14 - Kay 8 to 'lay 7.

Explore the area from Port Holler to Caps Heniavin,

an adequate ships 1

latter connection, it
the radiophone set
the rules and

shall keep

an accurate r

.og •

responsibility to see that
el is operated in accor’
Federal Communication

? 4

'"he location of drag* or other ft shine efforts should be narked
on the pilothouse cherts as a euratel? as is possible.

B, V, Harrison,

SVZBtvfe Technologist In Chars®.

?ieh and : ildlife 3
Technological
2725 "ontla'cs
Seattle* i

February 12, 1941*

: to capt . Anders Rilsea#

This is to advise that the radiophone frequencies listed
hereunder have been authorized for use, during; the second, ex-
pedition of the Alaska Crab Investigation, with the following
limitations t

2616 kc - approved for eon tuni cation between vessels and

©hors stations of the ervic©

2670 ke - approved for etergeney eomueieatlon with the

U* 3 * Coast Guard only*

2733 kc

all government agencies authorized to use this
frequency for eansuni cation with coastal harbor
and ccmercial ship stations only.

The vessel *• Dorothy" will operate under Its regular call
letters - : KDD*

The vessels "Champion" and "Locks" having no regular call
letters have been granted
of the charter >nly, of the following

Vessel "Ghanaian" « ®IS!*

Vessel "locks" -

oonforrmne® with
Gomtssioii.

aboard year vessel is
r filiations of the
precautions ar©s

to be operated in strict
*ral Ccsnun teat Ion

(1) Do not use transmitter while passing through Canadian
waters •

(2) Keep a complete radio log of all use of the transmitter*

(3) Be sure to sign clear on every cell regardless of whether
contact is

(4) Do
2730.

er than five minutes on either 2670 or

I i ! vh

.... Harrison,
Technologist in Charge.

Fish and ll&iife Service
Technological r^horatery
S7S5 Qoulevard

Seattle, aahington

February If* 1941.

To whoa It may concern:

1h» vessel "Chaap* , ffteial Ho. 4346, is trader charter
to the Flak tmd ' IMHfe 'arriee, U* . Beparteoat of the Interior
until approxiaately Jims 30* 1941* sad will be used in an
lavsstl&atlan of tha ’lag erab fishery of Alesha#

luring this period it will be operated m a vessel of the
Hatted “States j^overaasat and. Its faster* Captain A afters 1‘elssn*
will Tie in the & iploya of the Halted states gorv*r»*8t # authorized
to exercise the full authority of Captain of the vassal.

B* c* Harrison*

Technologist in Charge*

SWH.ivh

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

Fish and 'wildlife Service
Technological Laboratory
2725 Montlake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

February 12, 1941.

C. B. Carlson, Jr. Fishery Engineer.

In view of the change in the plans for the second expedition of
the Alaska Crab Investigation, you have been designated as "Super-
visor of Fishing operations" and in addition will serve as fishery
observer on the vessel "Dorothy". In these capacities you should
be guided by the following general instructions.

(1) Prior to the departure of the three fishing vessels from
Seattle you are to assist me in organizing the details for the
second expedition. This will include recommendations as to fishing
gear requirements, supervisor of the fabrication of the gear to be
used on the three fishing vessels, advise on the outfitting of the
vessels under charter, recommendations regarding exploratory fishery
operations and suggestions as to the program for the fishery
observers.

(2) Upon completing the preliminary work in Seattle you will take
part in the field work in the capacities mentioned above:

(a) As "Supervisor of Fishing operations" it will be your
duty to make such recommendations to Mr. Christ ey, who has been
designated as "Head of Field Party" as may be required to keep the
activities of the three vessels coordinated and in as close ad-
herence as is possible to the schedule of exploratory fishing out-
lined in my instructions to vessel captains. More specifically you
should keep in frequent communication with the "Champion" and the
"Locks" and make such recommendations regarding fishing procedure,
locality, etc . , as you consider essential to the aim of the
investigation. Since I have not felt it would be advisable for me
to make definite recommendations at this early date, as to when
and where the various type of gear should be used, it will be your
Awty to make such recommendations on the basis of your ooservations

in the field.

Because of the time schedule required to cover the
areas to be investigated it is apparent that in many localities
sufficient time will not be permitted for tangle net and pot fishing.
In this connection, however, it would appear that the "Champion
may have an opportunity to set out tangle nets in^Prince vfilliam ^
Sound and in Cook Inlet and definitely in Bering Sea. The "Locks
should be able to use tangle net in conjunction with trawling in
some of the bays around Kodiak Island. It is suggested ihat a ere
time permits tangle nets be set both for exploratory fishing ana
as a direct comparison with the trawls on bodies of crabs located

by the trawls. Between six and twelve crab pots should be carrie

on. each vessel and these set only on bodies of crab located by other
means :

It should be the general policy in all fishing activities
to determine the extent of any body of crabs located. Also an effort
should be made to obtain the information essential to determine the
most effective type of trawl and method of operation.

It is not presumed that your perogatives as "Supervisor
of fishing operations” should conflict with the recognized authority
of the Captain of a vessel on the high seas, however, it is to be
understood that the Captains of the various vessels should cooperate
with you to the fullest extent consistent with the safety of the crew
and vessel in carrying out the general program of the expedition,

(b) As fishery observer aboard the "Dorothy* you should
follow the program recommended for this phase of the work and keep
such records. You will be responsible for seeing that a periodic
experimental pack of canned crab meat is prepared and that the cans
are suitably marked for subsequent identification.

R. Harrison,
Technologist in Charge.

RWH:vh

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Fish and ildlife Service
Technological Laboratory-
2725 ontlake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

February 11, 1941.

MEMORAMJOMi for Hr. Hvatum, Biologist - vessel "Dorothy".

In your capacity as biologist on the soring expedition of
the Alaska Crab Investigation, you will be guided by the following
general instructions:

(1) Upon entering on duty and until you depart for Alaska
you will assist Hr . Christey, Hr. Carlson and myself in making
preparations for the departure of the expedition, you being re-
sponsible for assembling and getting aboard the equipment, supplies
etc., essential for your phase of the exploratory study.

(2) Upon completion of the preliminary work in Seattle you
will take part in the field work of the investigation, and will be
responsible for the conduct of the biological phase of the
activities of the vessel to which you have been assigned, adhering
to the specific program and general instructions attached to this
memorandum.

(3) t'Jhen in the field you will be under the supervision of
Hr. L. S. Christey who has been designated as head of the field
party.

(4) You shall cooperate with the gear expert aboard your
vessel in every way possible in order that the maximum amount
of information can be obtained. You shall also cooperate with
the Fishery Engineer in preparing periodic experimental packs
of crab meat according to the instructions supplied herein.

(5) You will keep accurate daily records of biological
observations, using the forms provided and report pertinent infor-
mation periodically to Mr. Christey for transmission to this
office.

(6) Upon completion of the exploratory fishing you will
complete the assembly of your data and submit a complete report
of your work.

(7) Amendments in addition to these instructions will be
forwarded to you through Mr. Christey.

Rill: vh

R. W. Harrison,
Technologist in Charge.

Fish. and ildlife Servian
Technological Laboratory
2725 Mont lake Boulevard
Seattle , ashtagton

February 10, 1941.

immRmmi to Oapt. 15 . ?. Traftoa:

In your capacity as Master of the vessel '* Dorothy* during the
spring expedition of the Alaska Crab Investigation, you will be
guided by the following general instructions:

(1) Having completed loading your vessel and upon, leaving Seattle
you shall proceed to the various localities listed hereinafter
adhering as closely to the time schedule as weather permits, for
the purpose of carrying on exploratory fishing operations for
JEing crabs.

Period 1 - February 16 to February 21.

Proceed from Seattle direct to Ketchikan where you will
take on fuel end water, advising this office by wire of time of
arrival and departure. Upon leaving Ketchikan proceed to Peters-
burg and you and r. Bratus consult with Hr. Earl Ohaer regarding
location Ping crab have been taken in this area.

Period 2 - February i'h j to if ebruary P7 .

Make experimental drags in Frederick Sound between. Dry
’•trait and Cap© Panshaw. Then proceed to Icy "trait and investigate
the flat area around Pleasant Island and entrance to Slaeler Bay,
Leaving Cape Fpencer proceed toward Yakufcat and, if w emits,

attempt drags on banks between Can© 'C pence* 1 and Ocean Capo.

Period 3 - February SB to ’larch 4.

Investigate Yakutat lay for about two days and then proceed
toward Cape >t. lies and, if weather per « its , investigate the
grounds east of Kyak Island.

Period 4 - March 5 to March 10.

If weather permits, spend up to three days investigating
the grounds between Gape t. Silas and Cap© Hinehiribrook and then
proceed into Prince Williasa Bound. If schedules hare been main-
tained , you will have mad© contact and been joined by the vessel
"Champion*. Upon entering Prince iXliara >ound , proceed to

Cordova and contact the Cordova Chamber of Cosmerce, rsque sting such
assistance as they aay be able to give in designating locations
where King crab have beta reported* Qa leaving Cordova, begin
experimental fishing operations in >roa Bay.

I' eriod 5 - larch 11 to ' 'arch 16.

Continuing lnveatlgat Ions in Prince ifllliass Jound in company
with the "Champion'* and as may be recommended by . r. C. B. Carlson
and Mr. Chriatey, it being considered i treble to investigate the
outside of oroa Bay up around Knowles Bead and Goose Island, the
area around Glacier Island and the waters between Knight Island
and Montagu© Island.

Period 6 - March 1? to Kerch 88#

Upon completing the survey in Prince Willis® Sound proceed
toward Kodiak Island and, if weather permits, make experimental
drags within the 100 fathom line between Cap© Clear© and Afognak
Island including seta© portions of fort lock bank.

Period 7 • Parch 25 to larch 28.

Weather permitting, make drags oa Albatross bank working fros
the outside edge in toward the shore.

Period s * larch 29 to April S»

rocoed towards the Shanagin Islands investigating Ivanof
and. Otepovafc Bays proceeding on to 1’avlof Bay.

Period 9 - April a to April 8.

investigate l avlof Bay, Cano© 'Bay, and Kitchen Anchort&e
in Belkofaki Bay.

Period 10 <* April 9 to April 14.

Investigate Cold Bay, S’orzhovoi Bay, and Ikatan Bay*

Period 11 - April 15 to April 20,

Proceed to Dutch Harbor to take on such fuel oil and other
supplies that my be required and then continue into Bering lea,
making experimental drags in the area between Cap© “‘ariehef and
Cap© Kordvinof .

Period 12 * April 21 to April 26.

explore the area between Mask Island and Black Kill in
company with the "Champion" .

Period 13 - April 27 to ay 1.

Kxplora ths area between Slack Hill and Fort 'oiler in
company with the ''Champion*'.

Period 14 - ''ay I to 'ay ?.

Explore the area from Port "oiler to Cape “©ni&riru

Period 15 - lay 8 to lay 15,

hcplore the area from Cap© neniavin to Port Maiden .

Period 16 - Pay 14 to May If,

explore the area outside Ugashlk Bay.

Period 1? ** May 80 to "ay 25,

Me-** explore the area off Port Mo Her.

Period 18 • Kay 86 to Pay 51.

ftHRtplore the area off Kelson lagoon.

Period 19 • June 1 to Jmm 6.

Area around .teak Island.

Period £0 » June 7 to June 12,

Unrout© Dutch Farbor to 'odiak Island, Contact Champion”
at Part Vita and pick up crow returning to ’cattle .

Period 21 » June 15 to June 20,

Miirout® .Kodiak Island to cattle.

{2} 'St* t., . Ohriatey, who will be aboard the "Ghasapion* , has
hmn designated e® head of field party. .Any matters of policy or
problems relating to the welfare of the weasel personnel , or the
general conduct of the study should be referred to him for decision.
"t, Chrtstcy will maintain a frequent schedule with this office
and any new instructions will be transmitted to you through
Mr, Christ oy.

(5) " a r, C. M. Carlson, who will come aboard the '’Dorothy" about
Prince lllllaa Mound will be immediately in charge of experimental
fishing for the entire party and will issue -more detailed instructions
regarding the exact procedure to follow in each area.

{4} At this time off year it is anticipated there will be loss
off time due to bad weather. It will be necessary, therefore, in
order to accomplish the work required, to utilise ©very day the

weather will permit fishing either on the outside or in sheltered
hays.

(5) Enroute to and from Alaska and while on the fishing grounds
you shall exercise the full authority of Captain of the vessel
"Dorothy. While in port it is your responsibility to see that the
actions of all members of the crew of your vessel are such as to
not bring criticism of the Eish and Wildlife Service.

(6) Between your departure and return to Seattle you shall keep
an adequate ships log and maintain, an accurate radio log. In this
latter connection, it will be your responsibility to see that the
radiophone set aboard your vessel is operated in accordance with
the rules and regulations of the federal Communication Commission.
The location of drags or other fishing efforts should be marked

on the pilothouse charts as accurately as is possible.

R. W, Harrison,
Technologist in Charge,

RV.’Hjvh

troxrcxrrooc orrxxx
Fish and i'ildlife Service
Technological laboratory
2725 Font lake ’boulevard
i ' eat tie » sable ;t on

February lt t 1941.

to Cant.

F. Tmftoiu

This la to advise that the radiophone frequencies listed
hereunder have been authorised for use, during the second ex-
pedition of t h& Alas''. a Grab Investigation, with the following
limitations:

2616 fee - approved for communication between vessels and

shore stations of tie Service only*

2670 kc - approved for emergency eoBsanicatlos with the

U. 3 . Coast Guard only.

2738 kc «* all goverroaeat agencies authorized to use this

frequency for communication with coastal harbor
and go; oreinl ship stations only*

fbo vessel "Dorothy" will operate tinder its regular call
letters - FFTJO*

The vessel "Champion* and "Looks" having no re:?uiar call
letters have been granted the temporary use, during the period
of the charter only, of the followin'* station identifications:

Teasel "Champion* - lS¥3f.

Vessel '♦Lochs® - Ess'Zl.

The radiophone aboard your vessel is to he operated in strict
conformance with the regulation® of the Federal Ccmuni cation
Com! salon. Advisable precautions are:

(1) Do not use transmitter while pass lag through Canadian

■eaters •

(2) Keep a couplet© radio log of all use of the transmitter*
{3} Be sure to sign clear on every call regardless of whether

contact is mad®.

(4) Do not talk longer than five minutes on either 2670 or
2738.

Technologist in- Charge.

-’i:.h arid lid life ervio-
Technolog-icrs! : aboratory
2?85 'oat lake Boulevard
' cattle, . sshinyton

obmary IB, 1941.

To whom it nay concern:

The vessel •’Dorothy*, Official ho, 212012, Is under charter
to the Ti«h and IMlife errice, U. . )®partemnt of the Interior
until approximately .June 30, 1941, and will be used in an invest If na-
tion of the ia ; crab fishery of das "a.

.jifria.:;' this period it will be operated as a vessel of the
Baited date® *o tc rtv mi and its 'aster. Captain . F. draft on,
will be in the employe of the United -dates government, authorised
to exercise. the full authority of Captain of the vessel.

c, » arris on,

B ‘Bivli Tcchnolo ':1st in Charge*

to OK***'*' * R» ^to v ti--

During the course of the second expedition of the Alaska Crab Investiga-
tion, you are requested to make periodic experimental packs of canned crab
meat in order that we may have a measure of the quality of the crabs taken
in various localities and at various times. Mot more than twelve cans
need be packed for each test, six from female crab and sir. from male crab.

It is assumed, however, that the crabs selected will be representative of
the catch at the particular time. For your guidance there is included
recommendations suggested b r, J. F, Puncochar as a result of his experi-
mental work during the first expedition.

Preliminary Handling of Grabs

It is of utmost importance that crabs to be used for canning be kept
alive until immediately before starting canning operations, The flesh of
crab contains certain natural enzymes which cause rapid color changes after
death. These color changes may begin even before bacterial decomposition
sets in. Certain Crustacea contain a little ammonia even in the living
condition and if allowed to die before canning the greater amount that is
formed b enzymic and bacterial action is responsible for a phenomenon that
is generally known as "blackening". The most prominent reason for blacken-
ing is d\ie to the iron in the can which comes in contact with the product
and as a rule shows up along the corners and in the scams of the can "here
the liquor as well as the underlying tin is pulled apart by contraction and
expansion during the hoatin * and cooling operations so as to expose the iron.
If enough ammonia is present, water soluble sulfides contained in the flesh
will combine with the iron in the can and start the formation of black iron
sulfide which has a strong coloring power and shows up as a black ring on
the parchment paper and product.

A "blue” discoloration of crab meat has oftentimes been noted. It is
believed that this is due to the presence of copper (haemocyanin) in the
blood of crustaceans. The copper combines itself with the earlier mentioned
sulfides and in the presence of ammonia forms a blue-colored copper compound.
This appears as a deep blue coloring inside the white musculature and in the
legs and claws of crabs after cooking. Therefore, as a precautiohary measure
against abnormal discoloration of canned crab meat, only live crabs should be
used.

Gleaning and Bolling

The crabs are butchered while alive. The carapaces (shells), viscera,
and gills are removed and the carcasses are washed with water under pressure.
It is believed that this procedure facilitates bleeding and reduces the danger
of a blue spotted discoloration. After cleaning and washing, the carcasses
are boiled in either a weak brine (3 percent salt) or in fresh water for from
15 to 17 minutes from the time the water starts to boil after placement of
the carcasses into the cooking vnt. After boiling, the crabs should be
Immediately cooled for about 30 seconds in fresh water or weak brine (3
percent). This practice will loosen the meat from the shell so that it can
be more readily removed.

Removal of eat

Care should be exorcised in the removal of the meat from the shell.

When removed in large pieces, a more attractive product can be obtained.

The white body meat adheres to the large joints of the legs and claws as they
are pulled from the body and can be removed in one large piece. Body meat
is kept separate from the leg and claw meat. Tendons can be removed from the
legs and claws by carefully breaking the shell successively at each leg and
claw joint. The tendons will adhere to the unbroken part of the leg as the
joints are pulled apart. The meat is then removed by a sudden jar-ring motion
into white enamel pans.

Washing, Acetic Acid Dip, and Brinln??

All particles of shell, coagulated blood, viscera, gills, etc., should be
washed from the meat previous to dipping in acetic acid. This can be ac-
complished by placing the meat on a perforated non-corrosive metal table or
in. a wire tray made of galvanized iron and. spraying from above with water
under pressure. After washing, the meat is weighed and dipped in an acetic
acid solution for 15 seconds . This solution is made up in the proportion of
two ounces (approximately 56 cc.) of glaeial acetic acid to one gallon of
water. Acetic acid is us- 4 as a further precautionary measure against dis-
coloration of the meat. Preliminary experiments indicated that in order to
keep the strength of the acid at a constant level, it is necessary to
replenish the acid bath at the rate of 2.4 cc. of glacial acetic acid per
gallon of water for each 100 pounds of crab meat dipped. Tor example, if
30 gallons of water are used in the acid tank, 2.4 x 30 s 72,0 cc. (ap-
proximately 2;. ounces) of glaeial acetic should be added to the bath. By
replenishing the acid solution after the interval mentioned above, a more
uniform, and certain treatment can be obtained. White enamel nans measuring
about 16x8x5 inches fitted with a removable 1/2 inch mesh galvanized wire top
should be used for dipping. After dipping, the pans are inverted so that the
acid solution remaining in the pan can be drained off. Following this the leg
and claw meat is then dipped into a brine measuring 90° salinometer for a
period of 15 seconds. The brine bath should be checked several times during
the day and replenished with additional salt if necessary. Excess brine is
drained off by inverting the pan and the meat is dumped into 1/4 inch mesh
galvanized iron packing trays where it is allowed to drain for a few minutes
before packing into cans, White body meat is not dipped in brine because
the salt hbsorbed by the leg and claw meat is sufficient to flavor it to the
right degree.

lacking. Sealing, Retorting, and Cooling

The crab meat is packed in 1/2 pound flat "C n enamel (sea food formula)
cans. TTie cans are first lined with a crimped vegetable parchment paper
cup, the largest pieces of leg meat or claw are laid out in a layer on the
bottom, a layer of body and smaller pieces of leg meat are filled into the
center which is followed by a top layer of leg or claw meat. Before sealing,
a vegetable parchment paper disc is placed over the contents.

e v

Since a vacuum sealing machine is not available it will be necessary to
exhaust the cans by heat. This should be accomplished as follows: Place
the lids on the filled cans and partially crimp in the hand sealer by using
only the first roll of the double s earner and steam for ten minutes at 212 ° F
in the pressure cooker without fastening down the cover. Then remove the cans
immediately complete the sealing operation and process,

Betorting (processing) should be regarded as an operation requiring
particular care, for if the meat is overcooked , the taste , texture, odor,
and color of the canned product will be impaired, A recording thermometer
or an automatic steam pressure regulator should be installed on the retorts
so that the processing temperature can be kept at a constant level, A pro-
cessing temperature of 230° F. (6 lbs, pressure) for 75 minutes is suf-
ficient to sterilize the product and not adversely affect the color, odor,
taste , or texture.

After processing, the cans should be cooled immediately so that
deterioration of the product does not occur. Cans should be washed in hot
water first to remove any grease or other debris, and then plunged immediately
into cold water. It is believed that slow cooling will cause the red color
of the leg and claw meat to diffuse into the white body neat thus causing an
inferior product. Cans should be thoroughly dried before packing into
cases*

Precautionary Measures

Utensils that come in contact with the crab meat should in no case be
made of steel or cooper. It is believed that utensils mad© of these metals
"lay a part in the abnormal discolorations that are sometimes reported in
canned crab meat. hits enamel pans and heavily coated galvanized iron trays
have been found to produce satisfactory results. Crab meat should be removed
from the cooked crabs as quickly as possible and in no instance should it
be allowed to remain in the cans for prolonged periods of time previous to
retorting. Be sure each pack is suitabely narked so as to permit subsequent
identification when examined.

RWHJVh

R» Harrison,
Technologist in Charge.

3 -

£§py

U. S. PI3F A 7 ID WILDLIFE SERVICE OUTFITS

Wooden Box containing:

12-1 Gal. Jars filled with alcohol
1 - Padlock

Bottle Chest containing:

70 - 8 oz. Glass Jars, empty
1 - Padlock

Tank Box, 8 gallon size containing:

1 - 8 gallon Copper Tank

15 - Bottles Formaldehyde

1 - Tank Key

1 - Padlock

Tank Box, 16 gallon size containing:
1-16 gallon Copper Tank

16 Gallons Alcohol
1 - Tank Key

1 - Padlock

Tank Box, 16 gallon size containing:

1 - Bolt Cheese Cloth

2 - Balls Cotton Twine

2 - Yards Bobbinet

3 - W.I. Pans

2 - Bottles Eternal Ink

2 - Record Books

1 - Pair Scissors, 6”

1 - Pair Scissors 8”

1 - Pair Scissors, Dissecting

3 - Pair Forceps, 10"

4 - Black lead pencils

2 - Pen Holders, wood
6 - Penpoints, common

167 - Cork Stoppers
144 - Horae o Vials
1 - Bulldog Snapper
1 - Alcoholmeter
1 - Flat Enameled Pan
1 - Sieve
1 - Tow Net
1 - Pkg. Labels
1 - Padlock

Wooden Crate containing:

48 Fruit Jars, Empty

€if!

DIRECTIONS FOR COLLECTING AND FRSSERTING MARINE INVERTEBRATES.

All alcoholic specimens should have alcohol in. containers (bottles)
brought up to proper strength after first day if possible, or certainly
on second day after original preservation, and once again after another
day or two. Alcohol in large tank might be watched so it does not fall much
below 70$; formalin injection, however, usually makes up for the depletion
in strength of alcohol.

Marine animals had best be preserved in 70$ alcohol, but if alco-
hol is unobtainable, a 5$ solution of formalin will answer. One part of
commercial formalin to twenty parts of water, either fresh or salt, will
make about a 5$ solution.

The bottles should never be filled more than two-thirds full of
specimens. Otherwise, there is not enough preserving fluid in the bottle
to pickle them properly.

Under no circumstances should raw cotton be put in any of the
bottles. If you feel that packing material is necessary, use soft paper,
but usually when the bottle is filled with liquid to the shoulder, but
not above, the contents will ride without damage.

Be sure to label every lot of specimens. Labels are included.

They should be used, because the paper is of durable quality. Pencils are
also included. A soft pencil may be used for writing labels. We prefer
Higgins Eternal Ink, allowed to dry, not blotted, before label is put in
liquid.

PIAMTON. etc .

For plankton and other small, near microscopic forms , a conical
townet of fine bolting cloth will serve admirably for making collections.
This can be dragged behind a boat, or, if weighted, can be thrown from the
shore to a distance of from thirty to forty feet, care being taken as it
is drawn in to collect as little as possible of floating debris or of mud
if it strikes the bottom near shore. The glass tube supplied with the tow-
net should be tied tightly in the end of the net for us. After the tow has
bee ': made, wash contents of net down into tube, in order that they may be
readily transferred to the bottle or vial in which they are to be preserved.
After contents of bottle or vial settle, add undiluted commercial formalin
to the extent of an estimated 1/20 of the volume of liquid in the container.
If pteropods or calcareous organisms are to he saved, the sample must be
preserved in alcohol-after settling, carefully decant enough liquid to ^
make room for enough 95$ or full strength alcohol to result in about a 70$
alcoholic solution. To facilitate settling in the first place, add a few
drops of formalin, which quickly kills all living things in the tow.

Mth nets having closed ends, or which are tied shut and used
without the glass tube, the material collected in the end of the townet can,
inverting the net, be washed into a wide— mouthed bottle or tumbler or tin
fruit can, and tnen be transferred to the homeopathic vials or bottles in
whicn it will be stored* An easy way to Make this transfer is to pour the
concent ated material on little squares or circles of fine bolting silk or,
if this is not available, very fine muslin or cheesecloth two or three inches
in diameter; then place cloth and all in the preserving fluid, which is 75%
or, if added to vial containing some water together with animals, 9556 may
be used on them direct#

CRUSTACEA #

These are best preserved in 70% to 75% alcohol, but it is well to
kill larger forms in about 40m or 50$, or, better, let them die in fresh
water* In the case of crabs, these need to be individually killed* A row
of tin cans obtained from the cook will serve the purpose. If several crabs
go through their death throes in one container they often tear one another
to pieces or else become so dismembered that they lose value as specimens*

Shrimps are desirable specimens. If you save any from the stomach
contents of marine mammals or fish, pick out specimens in reasonably good
condition. Whale and fish parasites of all kinds are much desired*

COEIEMERATES * other than jelly f i sh*

These include the alcyonarians or soft or fleshy corals, whip
corals, sea pens, and sea anemones • They are preferably preserved in alco-
hol* However, formalin will do temporarily for all of them* With respect
to the sea anemones, it is perhaps as good as alcohol*

Always preserve in formalin, 5%. That is the strength we always
use, roughly one part of the commercial article in twenty parts of water.

STARFISH AUD BRITTLE STARS #

If convenient, it is considered best to allow true starfish to
reach a normal state of expansion in a pan of fresh sea water. From this
tney should be transferred to fresh water, both to kill them and to plump
th era up, which happens as a result of osmotic action. Brittle stars do
well if placed in pan of alcohol well separated, when they will die flat.

If you wish to preserve your specimens dry, or have sane that are too
large to place in available containers, they should be soaked several days
in 5% formalin and then dried as raoidly as possible (but not baked or
boiled). If you can bottle your specimens, it is best that they go into
alcohol after the plumping process, but here you have to be careful to
watch the strength of your alcohol, because echinoderms , with a water vas-
cular system, carry over a tremendous lot of water into the preserving solu-
tion. If pressed for time, place all specimens of echinoderms in 70 %

alcohol and bring it up to strength again after a day or two, and two days
later once more.

CRIUOIIB .

At all times these are to be placed directly in full strength
95$ alcohol. As you get them from the dredge, drop them in a deep enough
pan and flood with the alcohol immediately. This enables you to get at
them, before they begin to go to pieces, as they are very prone to do. When
they are dead it is a simple matter to bottle them.

WORMS (Folychaetes ) .

For larger worms (over 25 mm. long): Clear of debris. Place in
a dish sufficiently large to allow for complete expansion of the animal.

Cover with clean sea water. Add slowly weak (about 5 $) formalin until the
animal is dead. Transfer to weak (about 4-5$) formalin.

For smaller worms (less than 25 mm. long): Use the same procedure
as above, but use slow alcohol instead of slow formalin. Transfer to 70$
alcohol.

Flat worms may be dropped in 70$ alcohol, or, better, formalin.

They may be flattened under light pressure.

SPALL AWBIAL3 1R0M SPOUSES .

Sponges often afford protection to many small crustaceans, marine
worms, etc., so if sponges be torn apart and rinsed in water many of these
small creatures will become dislodged and may be collected from, the water.

A portion of each sponge collected or a whole small one should be saved
for sponge specimens. These are best put directly into full strength
(about 95$) alcohol, poured the next day and refilled with 95$ and again
on the third day. This is done with sponges because they are naturally so
full of water that the alcohol is too quickly diluted otherwise.

BOTTOM SAMPLES.

The bottles are be 3 t only half filled with botto \ material and
the bottle filled with 95$ alcohol and shaken up the next day to properly
distribute the alcohol through the material. If bottle is more than, half
full, the alcohol will have to be carefully poured off the next day without losing
any of the finer sediments, and replenished with fresh alcohol.

DIRECTIONS FOR PREOIi'-RVATION OF FTTH

vihat to Collect

In general the following rule should be applied! Preserve
all fish that cose Into the net or are taken by other means. Bo not
throw away or discard specimens that are small, because there are many
species of fish of which the adults do not reach an inch in total length*

Formalin Preservation

(Formalin preservation is recommended instead of
alcoholic preservation}.

The specimens of fish when caught should be placed alive, if

ossible , in a solution of formalin made up by mixing one part of

commercial formalin with nine parts of water. This solution is of sufficient
strength to preserve snail fish, up to five Inches in length, in about

three days, but larger specimens should be left in it for a greater

length of tine , depending on their siae. All specimens over three inches in
length should hav •> a small slit made in the side of their abdomen, or
they should be injected with the formalin preservative. Very large
flah, a foot or more in length, should have tho formalin not only in-
jected into their abdomen, but about every two inches in the muscle
tissue as well, and left in the formalin solution from five to seven
days, or more. After that time, if it is desired, they can bo trans-
ferred to water, and the formalin washed out for one or two days, and
tuen placed in seventy-five per cent alcohol. One precaution should be
observed, never to crowd the fish in the containers. There should be
f excess space and they should never '00 placed in the container
li’-.e sardines are packed in a can. If it is desired to leave the speci-
mens in formalin indefinitely, they may bo transferred to a weaker solution,
mde up as follow* One part formalin to fifteen to eighteen parts of
water, to vhioh have been added two teaspoonfuls of borax to each gallon
of preservative. This weaker formal la solution la usually of sufficient
strength to preserve tho fish indefinitely if the container is closed
t i ■) it ly . . ",l -nya fill t ; ,0 containorn full o f lie u i d .

Alcohol i c lores ervation

— I ri.mi, ■ »» , „ mum m*.* ** — W— l

Specimens should be placed while alive, if possible, into thirty-
five per cent alcohol and within half a day they should be placed in
seventy-five per cent alcohol* If the specimens are at all crowded the
alcohol should be poured off and fresh seventy-five per cent alcohol
added the next day. If specimens become soft, then another change of
aleoh >1 should be made, using seventy-five per cent again. In general.

Diroot ions for Preservation of Fish.

Alcoholic Preservation. Cent#

formalin preservation is heat at the start ana should be used instead
of alcoholic preservation because the formalin hardens the specimens*
However , after the fish hav* been in for ialln a week, they should be
transferred to seventy-five per cent alebhol, after thoroughly washing
the formalin out, because the acid in the formalin has a tendency to
soften the bones unless it is neutralized*

1 she In

Labels , giving all essential data, should b© placed in the
jar with the fish when collected# These labels should have the follow-
ing data* Locality} date'} collector; depth, and any other information
that seems pertinent , such as method of capture , ecological data, etc.

The labels my be written in pencil, on a special type of
paper furnished by the TJ* S* national Museum* Do: not use ordinary paper,
because it will disintegrate in the liquid. Large fish may have tags
tied on to them, preferably through the lower jaw, with all essential
data written on the tag, or a number may be used and the data recorded
under the identical number in a notebook*

Wrapping of Fish.

Fish, after they are thoroughly preserved, may be wrapped
for shi plant in the following manners Place the fish in a stack (like
wood is piled), with their heads outward, so that the tails are protected,
and then wrap them in cloth, with the ends secured firmly, tied up with
string, or sowed. Bo sure and protect all the fins when wrapping fish
for shipment. All container should be completely filled with packages
of fish, or the excos.:; space filled with excelsior or dry grass. Do not
Use paper; it softens and dissolves in the liquid and does not fill the
spaces. After the container Is completely filled, then most of the excess
liquid may be poured off, leaving the contents of the container damp. Be
sure the container is scaled* In the case of tin cans, the top should be
soldered on.

1. Be sure and fill all containers completely full of pre-
servative so that there is a minimum of air-space in the container.

The reason for tills is, that if the fish are allowed to shake around in
the jar, their fins will be frayed out, and the rays and scales will be-
come worn off the fish*

* Directions for Preservation of Fish

-3-

Cautions, Cont.

2. Do not crowd the fish in the containers, because an
over-crowded condition causes the fish to be hardened in absurd
shapes and also they are very likely to spoil for lack of enough
preservative.

3. All fish over three and one-half inches in length, es-
pecially soft-bodied fish, should have a small slit made in the side

of their abdomen. The slit should penetrate into the abdominal cavity.

It is best to inject all fish over one foot in length, filling the body
cavity with preservative.

4. As a rule, fish should be left in the preservative for one or
two weeks, depending on their size, before wrapping for shipment .

5. Always place a label, with the essential data, in each jar
or package of fish.

Leonard P. Schultz

Curator
Division of Fishes
U. S. national Museum

LPSszg

DIRECTION! FOR FRRDBBVATIW OF FISH

when collecting in the field, I always take a two-gallon collecting
bucket end sufficient formalin to fill it when mixed with water two-third
full. This formalin, should be nixed in the proportion of one part
commercial formadehyde with nine parts water? sea water preferable when
available. Into this bucket I place the fish as caught, trying not to
leave than to die in the seine, -.hen they die in the formal in they make
much better specimens , and aro better preserved than those that die
before being placed in the formalin. This bucket can be filled completely
full of fish but they should not be packed in it like sardines in a can.

At the end of the clay of collecting, these fish should be transferred
i -mediately from the collecting bucket to jars for storage fox' ton days
with formalin mixed as indicated above, hach jar should have placed In
it a numbered tin tagoor a label with all essential data in regard to
locality, data, collector, etc. This paper should be written on with lead
pencil • Ordinary paper will go to pieces in formalin so only linen paper
should be used for fo.sr.mlin or alcoholic preservation.

After the fish have been in the jars for a week or ten days, they
should then be wrapped in cheesecloth packages along with tin tag or
labels and tied firmly, but not so firm that the strings will cut into
the fish* These cheesecloth packages of fish should be placed in tank
about two-thirds full of seventy-five per cent alcohol.

Any fish too large to bo pie cod into the lass jar should be tin
tag -ed and all tag numbers should be recorded in a record book along
with essential data. Tin tags may be tied on the fish with linen
thread through the lower, jaw. Any fish over three inches in length
sho ild have its abdomen out so that the formalin can enter, hay fish
too large to go into a two-quart jar should be injected with a sol tion
of formalin mixed with equal parts of formaldehyde and equal parts of
water. Injection of the mussels should occur every two or three inches
and when these large tin tagged fishes are completely injected, including
the abdominal cavity, they then can be dropped into a tank of formalde-
hyde mixed up on© part of formalin and nine parts of water.

After these tin tagged fish have been placed in the formaldehyde for
a week or fen days, they say be removed and placed in the alcohol tank
along with those wrapped up in cheesecloth packages • When a sufficient
quantity of tin tagged fish and wrapped specimens have accumulated they
can be packed in the alcoholic tank for shipment. These should be
packed snugly so that they cannot shake around. All tin tagged fish
should be wrapped in. cheesecloth.

SgOOES TTORg "OR COIXT'CTITTH- FIST*

^ various methods of collecting fish that I have found, useful
are aa ‘ oil owe s Kook and line fishing with sport fishing annipment f
a rooter tow net la useful for obtaining pelagic fish, A tow net Is
especially useful at night for it has been found that oceanic fishes
cosne closer to the surface at night than in the day time, A submarine
light naced over the aide of a ship or boat will attract fishes that can
be oaugnt in dip nets or by means of a throw net, Fishing over the
side of the ship and trolling off the stern while the ship is under
motion often results in some fine captures of oceanic fishes, Seining
along the beach of inlands and bays, especially at night, is a highly
successful method of obtaining specimens.

^ ue T:luS * important method of collecting fish is by means of poison,
ihi» can be used in isolated tide pools or if dorria root is available
this can. be_ used In shallow water along beaches and on reefs or in
channels. It la necessary to us® a die net to nick uu the fish killed
by poison. An observation bucket with a gla s bottom' la useful in
locating til® fish on the bottom, socie of which are very small.

Small fish, even 1/2” or le~s in length, should not be rejected,
for some of the most valuable specimens are the small ones. It is
desirable to obtain large series of specimens of arch species. Two
hundred specimens are not too many and in many cases are not enough.

Collect t.u8 b& w Bpocl.es in different localities and take lar^c series
in all localities.

!•* P, Schultz

Fish vice

Tech ory

2?2o ..ornuase mm&wmrd
: ©at t Is, . ashl agfc on

February 12, 1941*

In your capacity as biologist on the spring expedition of
the 'Masks Grab Investigation, you will be guided by the following
general instructions:

{1} You

Upon the

to the vessel •’Locks’*#

arrival of the vessel "Locks** at Alitak you will transfer your field
equirrient aboard and continue your biological observations in

{2} As biologist on the w Loete w you will be responsible for
the conduct of the biological phase of the activities of the vessel,

should enable you to continue your observations without difficulty#

k'r# L. •* Chris toy who has been designated as head of the field
party.

(4) You shall cooperate with and advise the fishery observer
aboard your vessel in every way possible in order that the aaaisua

to the instructions supplied herein#

(5) You will toon accurate daily records of biological

nation periodically to k’r, Christ cy for transmission to this
office*

(6) Upon conniption of the exploratory fishing you will
complete the assembly of your data, and submit a complete report
of your work#

(?) mendaenta in addition to these instructions will be
forwarded to you through hr. Cbristey#

1* k. Harrison,
Technologist in Charge*

liifljvh

ma xxxxxxx xaaaa ax
: 'lsh mid .ildltfe ervice
Technological, laboratory
8725 ' kmtlak® oulevard
: ’ ©attic , /as* i i agios

February IB* 1941*

'. m/ClD’J tor Mr* -crivtusr , 'Meld ;*seietant*

la your capacity as Field Assistant on the spring expedition
of the laska Grab Investigation you will be guided by the following
-eneral instruct ions s

(1) You tow been detailed to the vessel "locks”* Upon the
arrival of the vessel "Locks* at Alltak you will assist Sr* Pertatt
in trams f ©ring his field enui^ent aboard and take up quarters
as a fishery observer,

(8) As fishery observer you will follow the program ree»»
sealed for this phase of the work and keep such records m are
required* It will be your responsibility also to assist in the
preparation of periodic experimental peeks of lag crab according
to the attached* Instructions* la the performance of both of these
general duties you should consult with ’ r» Fertuit, Cant. Guffey, and
r* G* «! • Alexander* r* All lex* ha® had such experience in
crab fishing and ewanlng operations*

8 * ;* Harrison,

Skill vh Technologist in Charge*

5‘lah and ildlife Ferric®
Technological Laboratory
P.725 \m % lake kmlevard

settle, ashington

February 10, 1941.

to €apt« E m fbiffeyi

la your capacity as tester of the vessel m I.<mte®* during the
spring expedition of the Alaslas. Crab Invest i -at ion* you will be
gelded by the following general instructions*

(I) Having completed loading the vessel and upon leaving Seattle
you shall proceed to the various localities listed hereinafter
adhering as closely to the tir.o schedule as weather permits for
the parposo of carrying on exploratory fishing operations for
King crabs*

Period 1 - February 16 to February 21*

In Seattle preparing for departure*

Period £ - February S® to February 27*

proceed »
passage*

February 25, or as soon thereafter as is passible,
h from Seattle for Alaskan eaters via the inside

Period 3 » February 28 to ''arch 4<

KXroute settle to Cope ’pence* • Atop is Ketchikan and
take on fuel oil and water*

Period 4 • ?lareb 5 to 'arch 10,

‘Sake contact, with the •Gbaapicn - at Cape Spencer so that
v:r» C. B, Carlson can go aboard this vessel for fishery operations
in the gulf* Upon leaving Cepe • percer proceed to Alitsk on
Sodiak Island to ' is!: up tbs present field party now located there
and begin trawl, tangle net, end pot fishing in Alltak Bay,

eriofi 5 *» ' -arch 11 to arch 16

Continue operations in lltak Bay, iiosar Bay, Lazy Bay (
and Olga ay*

Period 6 « March 1? to larch 82*

begin exploration of bays and water.'? alon ‘ the? south side

of Kodiak Island in-eluding around the Trinity Islands off and about
itksiidak up to and including Urate Bay,

Period ? - -"arch S3 to 'arch SO,

Continue along Kadiak Island exploring the adjacent waters
including the waters of Shlalak liny, xarrtot Bay to ' enact island*

Period 8 - Marsh 09 to April 8*

Investigate the raters of Kupreaaaf Strait including Iron
Greek, Glial# Pass, and up the north tide of Afegaek Island including
the entrance of Maapbeyry trait, feline Bay, ■ 'are 'icnof Bay to Black
Cape,

Period 9 • April 3 to April 8*

Invest! pat© the waters along the north, side of Kodiak Island
includin' : Uganik.Bay and Byafc Bay,

ferial 10 - April ? to April 14,

Continue the Investigation of the water* around Mediate
Island from Gape Uyate to Gap© Alitak.

Period 11 « April 15 to April 20 .

two or three days reinvestigate localities in the All ink

Bay area which had previously shown crr-b population and than proceed

south toward the Shumagins.

■©riod 12 -13 - April SI to Bay 1,

Look in cm places in the Shnnagia and lavlof Bay area where
crab® war® found by either the ^Borothy” or the "Cheap ion” . This
information trill fee supplied to you by Mr* Christey and Mr* Carlson
over the radiophone.

Period 14 - Bay B to Bay 7,

ork back towards ’belilrof traits investigating any ami
where crabs were found by the ^Champion* os its westward trip and.
places which may be euggeat € by Mr, ©wist Oy wad Mr* Carlson.

Period 15 - ' ay O to May 13,

Continue up Mheliteof ’trait toward Cook Inlet investigating
sueA areas on the north side of the 3tra.it where crabs wore located
by the "Champion" cm its westward trip.

Period 16 * "ay U to May 19,

Investigate the Cook Inlet area including oueh points as

sir

where crab® were located m i'hs westward trip*

Period IV - :'.&y SO to Cay 535*

!l® investigate those ares a In Prince willi»a Jound store
eraba were found b? the v«ru*eia "Dorothy* and *Ch«Rpl-ia w •

period 18 - w Si to cay 31*

Investigate tha water* between Cape 0tatlilflS»3Pook and Tidnitat
s'' ba Mgr* ' t I p»

rajplod 19 * Juno 1 to June 6*

Beinvestlgat© Yakut at Bay and the water® toward Cafe yp & near

whore crabs war# located on the northbound trip*

Per iod 20 • Ju-.e f to June IS*

Imr@afcif.atc- Icy -trait* end 01ati«r Bay then proceeding noutb
to RctereburfS*

Period SI * June 13 to June 18*

Mates a few drags le Fr@4#riol? Sound including Hioesas lay if
crab® were Ic I© 'e-attl® by way of I #fc# "‘"-an*

|«} "?r* i. •■* Ohrlatay, Who will to aboard the *0t»»pi«m*% has bees

■relating. to the wel-'ara of the Te*sp©l personnel, or the yoneral
conduct of the study should be referred to Ms for decision*

r* Cbrvsfcey will maintain a frequent schedule with this office and
#ny new ina'. motions will bo initial to you feu ro«§h Sr# Anristoy*

(3) hr* C* 3# CarMoa, who will go aboard the "SJofothy” about
j*la m ill! an .;«uad will bn lately in ebarito of *Kp©riffl#Btal
fishing for the entire party and will Issue wore detailed Instructions
regarding the exact procedure to follow In eeeh arpa#

(4) At this fcla# of year it is anticipated there will be loss of
tin* due to bad weather# It will bo neaescary* refore, la order
to noeonnUab the ■ ork required, to utilise every day the weather
will permit fishing either on the outside or la sheltered bays*

(!j) ' .nroute to and frost lauka and while on the fishing grounds ^
yens shall exoreiae the fall authority of captain of tug vwwl "teexa
hile ia peart it is your responsibility to a e that the act I ©as of all
nenbsra of the ©raw of your voaaal are such as to not bring

critic isa of the fish and IMllft .»®rvt@e*

(£) "ctw**a your *1 aperture and return to '--sattlo you •hull keep an
adequate ships log ant! awiataln an accurate radio log* In this latter
connect ion, it will be your responsibility to it* that the radiophone
sot aboard your vessel is operated in accordance with the rules and
• uiation o ,1 OeeBsaaleatton ^Cftwal»«4e»* The location

Azmi* or other fishing effort® should he marked on the pilothouse
Charts as accurately m Is poslblt*

t, . Hcrrieoa,

: Hjfh Technologist in Charge*

xxxxxsxx rzxxxxxxxx
Fish and ■ ildlife '-errS.ee
Technolo-'i eal laboratory
2725 Moffltliik® Boulevard
■'.■©attic, aahington

February IS,

^rmXSR&l *to Capt* Harry Oaf fey.

- ■ . /• ; . '

IMS is to advise that the radiophone frequencies listed
lire been authorized top ms«§ l&fif the second ex-
pedition of the Alaska Crab Investigation, with the ' following
limitations;

2616 kc - approved for conmanicstton between vessels and

short' stations of the fervid© only.

■n

670 kc

approved for emergency eawamlcatlon
IT# S* Coast Ouard only.

with the

2736 kc

all government agencies authorised to ns© this
frequency for eowminioetloo with coastal harbor
and oasaerelal shin stations only.

Hi*© vessel "Dorothy* will operate under its r - "ulsr call
letters - Iff'!®*

the vessels -Chanpion*’ and "Hocko" having no regular call
letters have been granted the temporar (0% during the period
of the charter only, of the followin' station identifications :

Tessal "Champion” - I'tfTSl.

Vessel "Lochs" - SSCil*

The radiophone aboard yot.tr vessel is to be operated in strict
conformance with the reflations of the Federal Caamnicatioa
Comission* Advisable precautions arc;

{1} Do not us© transmitter while passing through Canadian

waters •

( 2 ) Keep a complete radio log of all os© of the transmitter*

(3) Bo sure to sign clear on every call regardless o: ahe«th«r
contact is made.

(4) Do not talk longer than five minutes on either 2670 or
2738.

E« W. Harrison,
technologist in Ch.ar.~e*

H ":Vh

Fish and. ..'ildiife iervic©
Technologies! laboratory
8789 Hoatlalre Ikmlewrd
Seattle, aehington

February IS, 1941.

To si m it say eons eras

111 ® vessel * r lo«ks*| Official Ho* 214731, Is ussier charter to
the Fish and ' ildlifa Derriee, l?, d* Department of the Interior
until apmr 'sxlmately June 30, 1941, and will h® used in an
investigation of the? ing crab fishary of ilaafca.

During this period it will be operated as a vea. el of fclia
Halted States government and ita faster. Captain Harry Coffey,
will be in the «mloye of the Halted states government , authorised
to exercise the full authority of Captain of the vessel.

JVh

3. Harrison,
Technologist in Charge.

501 B

uwreo

;,’T or n«s r

Department of Commerce

3SIOT5M50BBC

Fish and Wildlife Service

Technological Laboratory
2725 Montlake Boulevard
Seattle , Washington

February 4, 1941*

Dr. Waldo L# Schmitt,

Curator of Marine Invertebrate,
Smithsonian Institution,

United States National Museum,
Washington, D* C*

Dear Dr. Schmitt:

I had hoped to write to you at an earlier date, but since
returning to Seattle it seemed that each day and evening has
slipped by before one could say ”Jack Robinson”. As a result,

I am very much behind in my correspondence*

V/e have been very busy reorganizing our plans and making ■
preparations for getting the boats and gear in readiness* As
soon as we have this in definite form on paper I shall send you
a file of the material for your criticisms#

According to word from Pat, he has seen no evidence of crabs
in Alitak, Lazy, and Moser Bays, but the watchman reports crabs
coming inshore in Olga Bay. In view of this, he has been
instructed to go up to Olga Bay and make observations since it
seems that one of the primary aims of leaving him in Alaska was to
gather material on the life history of the king crab#

We have received a bill of lading for the three collecting
outfits and will take care of them upon their arrival. We will
take care of the shipment of alcohol to Dr. Corthell at Dutch
Harb or .

Offhand I do not recall full particulars regarding the two
rolls of photo film and two film packs# According to our records
v/e paid a c.o.d. charge of $5*11 for some purchase for you while
in Alaska and in all probability this was for the film. If the
museum can reimburse you for the film, we would allow you to
reimburse us. But if the museum can not reimburse you we will
refuse to accept reimbursement from you personally because you
have spent too much already out of your own pocket to facilitate

our study and I feel that it would be no more than right that I
should help some myself in this connection.

The package containing the small forceps and scalpels have
been received.

I believe Roy has written to you regarding the mess account.

I am enclosing a letter which was sent to Capt. Nelsen by
someone who believes they might know you.

Needless to say, we miss you very much in formulating our
plans for the second expedition.

With kind personal regards, I am.

Sincerely,

RWn : vh Technologist in Charge.

P.3. I am writing to Mr. Johnson regarding the possibility of
the Division of Fishery Biology purchasing an extra set of
^haipeis . Will you use your influence on Mr. Bailey?

& 3-S~>s~ /C2j2*ye

January 25, 1941

Mr. Roger w. Harrison
U. S* Fish and Wildlife Service
2725 Monti ake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

Dear Roger :

With this is a copy of the collecting outfit that we are
making up in triplicate to send to you by freight at the very first
opportunity. X shall shortly be sending some directions for the
preservation of specimens. The Museum would be interested in having
a representative series of the animals encountered, especially the
rarer forms or those that cannot he identified in the field. It will
be to your interest, too, to collect these specimens so that you can
cheek up on their names.

In addition to the materials that we will be supplying there
are a number of things that each of the prospecting boats' should have
at hand. A list of these is also appended.

Do make some plans for putting over test blocks in several
places when the vessels go north. The Dorothy could take some up.
in iron plate would do as well as anything, inasmuch as iron ships
tend to foul quit® readily. A wooden block could be used along with
the iron, and I had already suggested glass plates or even small
slabs of concrete set into frames* Of course each test block, or
series of them fastened to on© frame, would need a buoy, suitable
line, and a piece of chain at the lower end attaching it to an anchor.
Th© buoy kegs should have painted on theca t "Property of U.S.B.P. Do
not disturb. "

Is it going to be worth while to offer a reward for th©
crabs tagged in Canoe Bay and at Alitak by us and by Pat, or have you
decided against offering any rewards? In any case, I tsa sure anybody

finding a tag would notify the Bureau, but still rewards do stimulate
interest.

There is on© thing I especially would like you to take care
of for me, and that is sending five gallons of alcohol (one tin) to
Dr. cortliell, of the 0, S. Publio Health Service, at Dutch Harbor.

He sent me that much to Alitak when it m-s sorely needed, V/© promised
to replace it. This should go up on first Penguin trip.

The bill I got for the formaldehyde from, Seward I an turn-
ing in to the Museum for payment.

This reminds as that I offered to pay for two rolls of
r.odachrorae film and two film packs (9x12 cm., super XX) that you sent
me. Can you take car© of this as part of the expedition expense, or
would you prefer to have me arrange a transfer of funds to cover it %

If so. I would like to haw some atatseni or bill covering the cost.

- • ' ' ' 1 ' ' 1: ; ' **Vt ■ ' v ‘ : < y£ ' ' _

t . \ * . : ;■ Jjf v.-- y »' • .. •

tihaer separate cover I am mailing you a package Containing;

several small forceps and scalpels that belong to the Bureau.

I owe a lot of people a lot of letters and I hop© soon to
mke good on that scow, if only to clear sy conscience and to restore
their faith in human nature •

v© are really missing you at this end. the Bureau especially.
uty best to you all*

Sincerely,

Waldo L* Sohmitt, Curator.

WLSiUlc Division of Karine Invertebrates,

'■'7 4

V* *1*

•i\ 1

CM tO CO

Jan. 25, 1941

tl, S. Fish and Wildlife Service
o/o R. If# Harrison

2725 JJontlake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington.

The following collecting outfit is to be furnished in triplicatej

1 collecting chest, 8 oz. bottles, and padlock
1 16-gal# tank with alcohol chest and padlock#

1 8-gal, tank, chest '.and padlock
15 1-lb* bottles formalin (to be packed in above 8-gal. tank)

1 box 12-gal, jars with alcohol#

4 doz. wide mouth, whole fruit quarts in box or crate that can be
used for return shipment#

1 gross 8-draa vials, wide mouth with corks#

1 bulldog snapper for bottom samples#

1 aloohoinetar ; •- :

1 bolt cheese cloth

2 balls wrapping twine or cord

2 yds. bobbinet (yd. wide) for fine mesh dip net
round, nesting, white enamel pans
2 £lp 10" x 18" (approx. } white enamel pans*

1 medium sieves;

1 Ho# 6 townet

2 bottles Higgins ink

2 2x6 nemo book®

1 pr. small shears

2 prs. 10-inch forceps
1 pkg. bla:ik lew-els.

pencils. Ho. 2#
pon holders
ball-pointed, pone.

pr. dissecting scissors (1 large, 1 small)

List of materials each boat should have at hand (things for Service to buy)

Some lumber for work table somewhere aboard* with racks or battens to
keep bottles from tumbling over in seaway.

1 saw

1 hammer

1 oil can and light machine oil of good quality for oiling calipers,

1 measuring dial caliper (there is one in Seattle} Pat has on®).

? tin snips

Soldering iron and solder. May be with engineer each boat.

notebooks* tablets, letterhead paper* envelopes. (In short* stationery
supplies. )

Butcher’s scales* such as we used for weighing crab meat on Tondoleyo
up to 10 or 20 lbs. (? 20 or SO on second and third revolutions')

1 small spring balance of typo returned from last trip for ounces and
fractions thereof. (Pat has one j 1 in Seattle. )

1 hypodermic syringe, of type returned, (Pat has two. A box of

extra needles lor these was left in Seattle} also 1 syringe. )

4 of those spring top, 5 gal. tins such as are used for livers (for
packing specimens that have hem pickled in tank. )

Tags for crabs, wire for same* and 1 pr. wire cutting pliers.

20 gal. alcohol in b-gai . tins.

6 Bureau towels

4 25-cent (light weight) galv. pails.

2 large size galv. wash tubs.

Couple of dip nets.

A list of the medicines that we found useful in the course of the
trip and which covered all the illness with which we had to deal,
it the tail end 2 have added flu medicine because that is what came
in so handy for Joe on our return and, as you know, Carl and Roy
both could have used it. Somebody may bo taking flu north on one
or another of the boats. These medical supplies should be avail-
able on ©ach of the vessels*

Brown mixture tablets without the ammonium nitrate, but with a trace
of narcotic to ease the throat. Used for cough and sor© throat.
Aspirin.

das oar a pills (the best laxative).

hpsora salts (I think I left a bottle or two of these behind).

Iodine
Bandages
Adhesive tape,

A lot of band aids. (We used more of these than of the two preceding
items. )

Boric «eld.

Some lanolin* in tubes, or otherwise* Fin® for chapped hands.

Some salve for burns.

Mercuric chloride for disinfectant solutions.

Flu medicine

Rmpirin such as you gave Joe.

Fhenacetin compound with couir.e.

You can get all or most of these from the Public Health
Service, as we did. You will have to do that for those preparations
which contain narcotics.

I just talked tills list over with Joe and he believes, too,
that it about covers the commoner needs. One always has the Coast
Guard Service within reasonable call.

January 15, 1941*

MEMORANDUM FOR Hr. Harrison*

Halibut fishermen, through the secretary of association® of vessel
owners , union®, etc., should be circularised for the purpose of ©11 citing
as much and as accurate information as they say possess of the occurrence
of king crabs, places, times of year, depth and types of bottom where any
specimens that they have personally seen were taken. References to other
parties who have actually seen or taken king crab would likewise be appreciated.

AH other fishing concern® operating in Alaskan waters should also be
approached* be do have Captain Traf ton 1 s notes on hi® cod fishing trials in
the Bering Sea during which he made several siaeable hauls of king crabs
in an otter trawl.

, #/,# # # # '-' hv,/'- v

The Bering Sea, In the general region where Japanese have been observed
at work (confidential reports of Coast Guard to Bureau), should be divided
into definite areas, and subjected to as many fishing trials in a® many
different likely places during each of the several months that the expedition
may be in the field a® may be possible with otter trawls and tangle nets,
ami perhaps in suitable shoal waters with traps or crab pots.

To this end, each of the several prospecting trawl boats that may be
furnished the investigation should be provided with a suitable inboard motored
launch or skiff to be carried on deck or towed behind (as previously recommended)
for the purpose of handling setting and hauling tangle nets or traps.

Tv \

Similarly

f won should be continued south of the Alaska Peninsula, beginning as far
south s,b the latitude of Petersburg In the Insld# P and worldlng north

. A ’ ‘ 1 ■ • • ' • ' ■

xjjw .

* and west*

The areas north and south of the Peninsula ar© so vast that as many
vessels as possible should be secured for each region*

If funds permit, shore or local observations at Alitak should be continued

expedition

king

locality in which king crabs seemed to be abundant during the greater part of the
year* (Tondeleyo’ s 1958 venture January - August*) If this shore party is
maintained a suitable motor boat with a small crew should be stationed here
to assist the biologist, and technologist as well if one is stationed her®, to
can crabs at any of the local canneries, floating or shore. No doubt suitable
arrangements can be made with corporations concerned*

The P. A* P* cannery at Lazy Bay, Alitak, has a good gas boat for sale
for $500. This is considered seaworthy and serviceable and a bargain at that

price. (Captain Trafton contemplated buying this boat and has all details
regarding it.

a # #

Biological observations to be continued*
1*. Movements or migration of king cr;
area in which phenomena may be noticeable,
2. Abundance of crabs.

(a) At different times of the year.

(b) At various depths.

(d) In connection with the trapping, various kinds of bait
should be tried out, (Mr. Harrison has suggested that
wooden blocks or similar parous material impregnated with
fish oil or like "smelly H and attractive product might
prove to be the moat durable type of bait.) A bottle with
wick or fine tub© or tubes emitting diffusible liquid in
water might also be experimented with,

5. In connection with movement and migration studies i

(a) Bettor tagging method should be developed,

(b) In any case tagging should b© continued.

(c) Last but not least, a sum should be set aside for bounties
to be paid out for the first hundred tagged crabs in each
of the two areas where tagging has so far been undertaken
— Canoe Bay (Pavlof Bay area) and Allt&k (not to exceed
1100 at each place).

4. All tagged crabs should be measured, if only carapace width}

and measuring of crabs in general should be industriously continued when-
ever and wherever possible. Much important data regarding life history,
growth, and age of crabs can b© obtained if only enough reliable measure-
ments are made. Particularly desirable are measurements of crabs before
and after moulting. Suitable live boxes or corrals should be built for
this purpose.

5. Egg sample® should, be saved for embryological studies and perhpps
specimens of ovaries of crabs as well (compare karakawa* s observations).

6, Food habits of crabs of different a gm or sizes need to be more
fully investigated both byj

(a) the examination of stomachs of freshly-caught crabs, examined
at once; and

(b) by feeding experiments .

7. feet blocks of various materials — sheet iron, glass, wood, and

preferably in panels (one of each kind of material in

concrete,^

same holder or at same station) — should be put out in order to study growth
rate of organisms living on crabs, chiefly barnacles, bryosoa, bydrolda, and
worm tubes. Information derived from such tests not only may throw light on
growth rate and moulting frequency of crabs, but may also be of great value

in determining the growth rate of marine organisms fouling ships in northern

waters. Altogether too little data of this sort is now available, practically
none at all, arid it undoubtedly would prove of great value in the near future
in view of the much increased governmental Interest and activity in Alaska,

8, hake study of environment of crabs i
(a) Types of bottom.

points may already have been observed

(d) Enemies of crabs in hard shell stage as well as soft, commensals,
and parasites.

(e) Associated fauna ansi flora.

(f) Hydrographic observations, temperature, and salinity, and what-
ever chemical constituents, oxygen, etc., that it may be con-
sidered desirable to note. Very probably the several salmon

investigations now in progress In the Bering Bea area have, or may
obtain, all needed data of this sort.

The suggested biological observations should be carried on so far aa

possible at all times on all vessels and at such shore stations as may be
established or continued*

* * a # « •

If no cannery is taken along, of course crabs caught in "fish trials”,
by whatever means, will have to be marked or tagged before returning to water

Between trawl hauls there is often an hour's Interval, sore or leas,

'while set is being made, during which crabs could be marked, most members of

the crew assisting. Marking may be accomplished by mans of strings or cords

of different kinds or colors, quickly tied on some definite leg with square

knot, or with a twist of wire (various colors of celluloid and numbered if

desired) with tags already on wire. This could be very rapidly attached to

1©£ (much faster than more permanent tags we have now been attaching to the
abdomen.

Marking might be even better or more rapidly done with some paint or
ceaeat-like substance that could be brushed on carapace. This should be
sea® liquid material that would be insoluable in sea water, and that would
harden in water, or rapidly enough on the shell of the moist crab while on
deck or at least stick to it for a couple of months. Black marine or copper
paint generously brushed on the back of crab (carapace) would furnish a ready
means of spotting those previously caught*

Other suggestions welcomed.

SOI B

a maaaair x Kx igBBBMK^

Fish and Wildlife Service
Technological Laboratory
2725 Montlake Boulevard
Seattle, Washington

January 2, 1941.

AIR MAIL

Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt,

Smithsonian Institution,

United States National Museum,

Washington, D. C.

Dear Dr. Schmitt:

s i

In as much as I have had no word from Mr* Fiedler since your return to
Washington, D. C., and am informed that he is leaving tomorrow for Peru, I
should like to inquire informally of you as to the results of your conference
with him on December 26.

We are trying to go ahead with plans for the second expedition but, as
you might suspect^ it is rather difficult to proceed until we know whether
or not any of the recommendations made by you men who accompanied the first
expedition are being considered in Washington. I am wiring Washington today
for their instructions, but I thought that possibly you could give me more
detailed information as to the nature of the conference you and Joe had
with the Washington office when you returned.

I have not heard from Joe since you left, but I assume that he was
so excited about being back that he could not be bothered by such common-
place things as the crab investigation.

We have been endeavoring to get caught up with things here now, and
one can actually find Arinina when you come to her desk, since the piles
of vouchers, etc., are getting lower every time. We are shipping your
equipment and specimens today. I hope this delay will not cause you any
great inconvenience. If you should be in contact with Joe I would appreciate
your asking him what he had in mind about the crate in the basement stock
room marked "Photographic Supplies".

I had a wire this morning from Pat which pertained mostly to the
question of how to pay his board bill. Apparently the weather has been
bad and he has not been able to do much work during the recent stormy
period along the Pacific Coast. He is, however, reporting by wire at
least twice a week and I will keep you informed of any developments.

This afternoon Carl and 1 are starting a search for at least one
additional fishing boat, but we can not make any commitments until we hear
from our office in Washington. Everyone here joins me in sending our
best wishes for the New Year.

RWH/vh

501 B

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Department of Commerce

Fish and Wildlife Service
Technological Laboratory
2725 Montlake Boulevard
Seattle s Washington

December 18 3 19U0#

MEMORANDUM to; Dr. Schmitt ^

Captain Nelsen
Mr. Puncochar
Mr. Christey
Mr. Carlson

In view of the rather negative results obtained during the
first expedition of the Alaska Crab Investigation, I would appreci-
ate your submitting to me immediately any recommendations based on
your exnerience to date which you believe should be considered in
completing plans for the second expedition. Also, this is to re-
mind you that according to the instructions issued by Mr. W. C.
Henderson, Acting Director, under date of August 1, you are to
submit, within the near future, a preliminary report of your phase
of the Investigation.

Technologist in Charge.

RWH:AB

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>eea ober 19, 1940

:<y:-orandu'"i to r. ll&net&m >

la response to your memorandum of •"Member 19, Messrs* unooehar,
Christey, and I have collaborated on a aeries of recomend at i one and state*
nente regarding the recently eanolcied first expedition of the Alaska Crab
Investigation aa set forth below.

Should amplifications of any of mi"- rosaries he desired they can be

furnished*

Tills letter will more directly set forth our 1 'ms if not so burdened *
Ton are already acquainted with moat or all of the details as the result
of our several personal conversations#

We do cot think that Captain A, T* Felaen is the proper sen for the
position ho occupies in the act tn »*" the Alaska '"lag Crab Investigation
or that ho SHoxild be continued in it* He has so tact, and doe; not possess
the ability to get along with other people# He w*t 'era captaincy

of the 1936 -’Tondcl eyo" venture for just thin reason*

"e has not a real friend on board either of the aseped it ion , s two
vessels or any that would particularly ear© to serve un'er or rith him on
another cruise. That is on-hat 2 calls' so for the undor-aigned*

® in generally obstinately opinionated (bull-headed 5 , non-c ^operative,
n ra-coreiital , and painfully accretive about all matters oven minor ones ,

•••art i sent to the best interests of the expedition* He is an unsatisfactory
and difficult mn to deal with, certainly in the field.

’Te is lae“'litT in iniative* in interest In ths morale and welfare -of
t .0 personnel under ala, in •;> j ,b ■ of canning, crab'' , and human nature.
R© has shorn himaelf to be of exceedingly poor Jud •went, and woefully
lacking In foresight* ".'Ms is best sir was In the inexcusable wrong timing
in both of the omlsos planned to sorry out t >s purposes of tbs inveoiiga-
tion. As it was the expedition rent north at a tine that crabs were known
to be scarce or Inching in the are 5 g Investigated, the first season’s
operations should havr b - ®r. started ?.t t v t tine when they were actually
brought to an ©ad, and the Bering >ea operations, due to the limitations
of funds, wrong ti lag, and weather will be fore :-d to end about the time
they should fey all reason begin*

This wrong tiding In sortethlap that Captain Reiss:* eh -aid be called
upon to explain am! justify. In this connection it appears to u ; that
the '"lab and Wildlife wvies was °rmely misinformed by someone on the
sponsoring side of this investigation as to the true conditions existing
in Alaskan aters regarding the distribution end abundance of King crabs
pcrticalcrly an the : @rvlce ran directed to undertake canning operations
during the period it hoe done so and air'" «dv hae been advised to do so

next year*

* #

"Tondeleyo* is a "it or suitable

vessel to take back to Alaska partioula ly to the Bering ©a because of
her inadequate po or, lac : of proper enuinmont (a. navigation Instruments
including chronometer, b- roaster, log lino, ete.j b. Inc o storage
better/ newer for radio in caw..® of breakdown of the auxiliary power plant,
to oay nothin:’ >f an emergen©:' light or two| the vessel is wholly without

v<jf

storage batteries of any earaolty) c. life saving ©quirraent , lack of proper
h@at.tag facilities, unsatisfactory fresh water supply (need of fresh «at«t
pup-' and pipe lino on board arart from salt wat-^r lines); poor toilet equip*
■sent, and last but not least her cannery production set up is a highly
unprofitable one,

because the "Toadeleyo" is under charter at this tints* ve have set
forth the limitations of this vora©. 1 at seie length In ths notea appended
to this report,

* 11 * *11

e beliov© that finding an adequate eomercial supply of crabs,
deter. lining, their distribution, size, abundance, and «v liability is of more
importance than mere owning. Canning would naturally and inevitably follow
u -on the discovery of rab© in eomoterolal quantities. Therefore we are
Convinced that additional prospecting boats would be of nore rr-al value
to the iavo@ti.iat ion toan any can. in - vessel whatsoever# floating
cannery this past season «aa just a handies and a wholly unwarranted
arsons c, and will undoubtedly prove no again, Bealden - rather conditions
in the Bering ~m by consensus of opinion of all e-npstent and informed
parties renders it unadvisable to carry on investigations in that area
before aid April at the very earliest and often not be 'or© the middle of
hay or even the first of Tune,

Tor this next year* a (first half of 1941) operations efforts should
be concentrated, on prospecting and ascertaining the extensiveness of the
supply of crabs and the moot practical and efficient aeons of "harvesting"

then; and t> collect all possible data regarding th© biology of the kin-
crabs, their life history, growth, size, distribution and environment.

a. :ao!i prospeotin boat should be provided with a reliable
inboard motor boat suitable for setting tangle sots and setting out crab
pots to bo carried on deck or towed; If possible a portion of the fish bold
should ba rigged with ladder and tea orary tables, some form of heat and
light for th® accompanying biologist.

b. .ach prospecting boot should have at least two Bureau mm
aboard , a fishery export and a biologist.

fathometer on euefc bo t is hi ■ -hly desirable and would be

of inesti nble value to the investigation* It is realised that the l natal*
2 r t ion of such ©qulpfiamt will rrobably bo financially impossible.

loth olden of the Peninsula rhcrnld be investigated si'oultaneoualy, and
thoroughly* All reliable reports of the occurrence of crabs should be
investigated ©ginning In the vicinity of > otorsburg in outheastern Alaska
where crabs ore now caught in United numbers by hr imp trawlers, and
runs log out through the Aleutian Inlands if possible.

Tf • a are really to learn something about king crabs field parties
baaed on shore stations in Jtnoe' Bay and Jlgn 'a- should be established

for tha purpose of conducting intensive studies of the biology of th© crab,
'fheae two arena at some distance from one another a r* sugge tef as king

T only case of those parties can bo organised it should be located at

itak or ulga Isay - here shore facilities ax® available.

’>uch facilities

would h are to be constructed at Canoe Bay*

-’von though ow knowledge of ee®ditioas Is too meager to warrant a
passing Judgment ive believe that Canoe Bay and Riga "'ay should to® closed
to i i - i fi' mtll store is known about the biology of this

<nmst«eMi« These two Bay® seem to be crab nurseries •

In swamtloa wo recommend:

Helens® of Cartels, raises from, the service.

■ oaring the floating cannery "Toad eleyo* behind next year? better
yet, cancellation of charter if it con bo accompli abed.

That ft® cm ■ ► taker on the Spring trio, and that more prospect I ng

boats, each to be provided with a power tender (in board, no tor 1 for
handling tangle nets, and setting Grab traps*

that both aides of the Peninsula be investigated la the spring, the
south of the Peninsula are® from general vicinity of eteroburg north and
out through Aleutian Islands if possible.

If pmetionble a shore base ■ with suite* 3 personnel and boats be
established at Alltak or Olga Bey whore buildings are available for inte-
elve study of the biology of king orebe in an. are® whore they seem to

peer around; seme at Canoe ley where buildings would have to be
erected, if funds permit*

That in the light of our present though limited knowledge Cano® and Olga
‘■ays, apparent king crab nurseries , bo closed to commercial fisheries until
more thoroughly Investigated*

Respectfully*

ATP^nrn wyrn w.

li nwrtv of tit *V)msum* as a ommr vkrjel

Sony faults were found with the ’*Tondeloyo ,p that United the use of the
vessel as a safe and proper cannery* The following observations were made
by the various msnbers of the expeditions

The main engine is of on® hundred and sixty hors© power and
is considered inadequate to safely propel the s®l in
winds in excess of thirty stiles p- • * hour* The vessel la

of four hundred tons net eapaeity and would require at least

a four hundred horse ntrer engine#

; a vlgatlogi Instruments

ssential Inetrmmte for proper navigation of the vessel
were not on board when the vessel 1 attle# There wee

no sextant * chronometer, s- ot-light, log, or sight box#

Two alar/ sleeks, a pair of dividers, a barometer declared
unfit for use by the weather bureau, and a Shear oalr of
binoculars (borrowed from ©. ibor of the crew) were all

the i" is s . ru neats available#

3. lower for radio

mimwwwmi

/, wall auxiliary engine supplied the power for the radio#
If an emergency arose and the auxiliary engine fail©:’ to
function the radio could not be operated# -torn ‘e bat-
teries for power in oano of emergency should have been
supplied*

Life saving eoulpnent

,\n insuff ieiont number of oars and faulty davots would make

4 .

any attempt to lower the 11 e boats la Case of euer ,:enoy
extremely difficult. Lit® preservers with flares and a
few signal rocket® should be provided*

5. Heat

The weasel was inadequately heated* ' eeple occupying
staterooms on either aid® of the galley obtained boat fro®
the galley stove* la other parts of the ship electric
boater® that bad to ho repaired at frequent intervals
supplied the sole source of heat*

6. fresu wate r sun ly

The total fresh water supply for m ann ing the Sal ry*
tag purposes, ana bathing was in the region of 4000 gal e«
'hap the cannery was in o v : oration the supply had to be
replenished every third ley# « convenient mountain stream
usual ly supplied the fresh water* One of the life boats
was used dor brans sorting the water to the vessel* Con**
t«.'ilry,tio!:; ->f t is water with salt water was a eottton oc-

vided end oftenti tee ■■ ©alt water fsaafr
was not drained wevioue to pimping the ‘resh -/liter into
tie storage tan's, further costa- .ination resulted • 'torage
for fresh water wore dirty and when the water level wns
low rust and other foreign natter gave the '.tier a sickly

yellow color,

jfVk

mail water soon and a ®

Am ir ii«

%**

lth an

Inboard Motor for ton ng; the seov o ould bo provided*

General

t conditional

quarters "or the cannery crew were flooded

sater

Inches deep whetiever the w s#l was under ray in rough
weather* '.oaky dock® , es «c lolly at the start of the ©x-
sedition, necessitated the u e of dri - pans and canvas
cloth in order to k®®' bedding dry. Toilet -, were not
equipped with property fitted check ml ve. ■ . "iuring rough
WBather it - as Irroo sible to use then because water fth ©d
over the aides of the howl® end flooded the floors.

8* nory prMuct.lon. spa ce

I*!***

h ry.® fji ■ ‘ w.i

istiaated naxlnum orod action for a oannery of this six©
with the present personnel (16) i ■ fifty emeu a day
for five clays a week, ther duties such a i obtaining

•aaery* wa blag cans, filling sens with

perahnont liners, -aibinpr down eqtii eient and building
line boxes would re ulre the equivalent of t o * orking
days. It is believed that a cannery of this si's© could

y for Itself even if crabs were present Is sufficient
quantities to keen the cannery running at full s »d«

9* lacellaneoaa

"'alley stove wan an old relic that always required
attention. In several instance® the oil burner back "trad
into the faces of people trying 1 i light It. The cook
’ as severely burned about the ©yea in one instance*

such as e

V©. sel started fro", deettle, embers of the expedition re-
quiring these tools either had to borrow or buy then out of
personal funds.

Form 125 K
(Revised 1936)

U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

SIGNAL CORPS, UNITED STATES ARMY

ALASKA COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

RECEIVED at

M 1 WVD G 70 I NT

SEAIILE WN 1 1 22PM DEC 2- 1 040

, 3—8481

WALDO SCHMI I I

CAKE F I SHER I ES

LABORATORIES KETCHIKAN ALS

REURTEL HAVE DECIDED TO POSTPONE I RIP BECAUSE DEPARTURE DEC 7 WOULD
NOT HAVE TIME FOR CONFERENCE HERE IF YOU CAME STRAIGHT IHRU AND IT
WOULD DELAY VESSEL NEARLY WEEK AWAITING MY ARRIVAL KE I OH I KAN ACCORDINGLY
SUGGEST DORTHY REMAIN KETCHIKAN UNTIL DEC 4 SO YOU CAN CONFER WITH
MR JACKSON AND THEN PROCEED SEATTLE FOR OUR MEE I I NG YOU CAN WIRE JACkSON
ON BRANT AND ARRANGE DEFINITE APPOINTMENT KE I CHI KAN HAVE SIANSBY
ADVISE ME STATUS DEDICATION PLANS AND KEEP ME INFORMED YOUR PROGRESS

HARRISON

30 4AM 3RD

Technological Laboratory

STANDARD FORM NO. 14
Approved by the President
MARCH 10, 1926

OFFICIAL BUSINESS— GOVERNMENT RATES

ALASKA. GOM’IUIII CATION SYSTEM

Waldo Schmitt,

M# S, Tontfeleyo, via W.X.E., Anchorage.

From

Bureau Fish and Wildlife Service

Chg. Appropriation 141T.-T8 itlaska Crab

Investigation, Fish and 'Wildlife
Service,

U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 10 1723

Seattle, Washington, November 28, 1940.

Rear tel ray opinion someone familiar with government procedure should remain
on Tondeleyo but if Roy believes there is no need for maintaining supervision
of supplies and you think it not necessary I do not object to him returning on
Dorothy with you Joe and Carl. stop. Advise return wire when Dorothy expects
to reach Seattle. Stop Ketchikan laboratory being dedicated and tariff hearing
on crab meat being held Seattle both on DecemDer four. Stop Tariff hearing
may require my remaining Seattle and definitely will do so if you expect to
pass Ketchikan prior December 4.

R„ W. Harrison,

RWH/mp Technologist in Charge.

CONFIE r ATICN

From Technological Laboratory

Bureau Fish and Wildlife Service
Chg. Appropriation 1411918 Alaska Crab

Investigation, Fish and Wildlife
Service

U. 8. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 10 1723

Seattle, Washington,

November 22, 1940.

Have received mail. Glad everyone well. Can Christey advise
approximate value of expected inventory food supplies when vessels
are returned Seattle?

Are there any new developments and what is program for immediate
future?

Regards everyone.

R. W. Harrison,

RWH/mp Technologist in Charge.

CONFIRMATION

STANDARD FORM No. 14
Approved by the President
march 10, 1926

OFFICIAL BUSINESS— GOVERNMENT RATES

ALASKA COMMUNICATION SY3TKM

Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt,

M, S. Tondeleyo,

Via W.X.E. , Anchorage, Alaska.

STANDARD FORM No. 14
Approved by the President
March 10, 1926

OFFICIAL BUSINESS— GOVERNMENT RATES

ALASKA COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Schmitt and Nelson,

M. S. Tondel eyo ,

Via W.X.E., Anchorage, Alaska.

From Technological Laboratory

Bureau Fish and ajldllfe Service

Chg. Appropriation _ 1411918 Alaska Crab

Investigation

U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 10 1723

Seattle, Wash., Nov., 28, 1940.

r* Tacks on will be in southeastern Alaska next week, Ketchikan December 4,
Petersburg December 5 and Juneau December 7. If your paths cross, contact him
on Brant because he would like to see you all. Advise both boats.

RWH/mp

CONFUTATION

R. W. Harrison,
Technologist in Charge.

STANDARD FORM No. 14
Approved by the President
March 10, 1926

OFFICIAL BUSINESS— GOVERNMENT RATES

ALASKA COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Saldo L. Schmitt ,

M. S. Tondeleyo,

Via W.X.3. , Anchorage, Alaska.

From Technological Laboratory

Bureau Nish and Wildlife Service

Chg. Appropriation 1411918 , Alaska Crab
Investigation, Fish and Wildlife
Service.

c. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 10 1723

Seattle, Washington, November 12, 1940.

Reurtel Penguin Dutch Harbor ©nroute Seattle probably non**stop with child
requiring emergency operation. Have been advised not to request any service
which would delay trip. Therefore, if you in contact with Penguin by radio-
phoiiG , no not suggest shopping nolino Bay unless on their course and no delay
entailed. Pat can keep portable.

Would appreciate your opinion as to the advisability of exploring remaining
areas as initial phase of spring expedition and adjusting return date this
expedition accordingly, thus making it possible to take advantage of Pat’s
observations this winter.

RWH/mp

CON Tfl ' VTCCBT

R. W. Harrison,
Technologist in Charge.

STANDARD FORM No. 14
Approved by the President
MARCH 10, 1928

From Technological laboratory

Bureau

Fish and Vilc’life Service

Chg. Appropriation

1411918 Alaska Crab

OFFICIAL BUSINESS— GOVERNMENT RATES

Investigation, Fish and Wildlife
Service,

10—1723

Waldo Schmitt ,

V, Tondeleyo,

Alitak, Alaska, via W.H.E

Seattle , Washington ,
November 9, 1940

Fiedler and I approve plan detailing Pat and one man Alitak vicinity until spring
expedition. No difficulty expected in increasing salary utility man but formal
approval not possible until written reco mendation made. Accordingly advise return
wire name utility man, date new duties will begin and when both will give up quarters
on Tondeleyo, I will supply other required information and will issue necessary
travel orders authorising per diem mmbnx dollars per day foe both. Utility man
should be informed salary increase contingent upon decision secretary. Suggest you
proceed with plan depending on our working out details this end.

A.P.A. and P.A.F. authorize use of buildings, boats and any facilities required

your work .

What are your plans for immediate future and do you think gear is "iving
accurate indication current abundance of crabs in areas fished.

R, W. Harrison,
Technologist in Charge

RWH/mp
COJTIR 1ATI0N

February 5, 1941

Dr. Olga Hartman
Allan Hancock Foundation
University of Southern California
Los Angeles, California

Dear Miss Hartmans

lifter considerable wandering , your letter of October 25th
has finally reached no. You wore certainly good to give a© so rauoh
of your time, "hose worms from the crabs wore quite a i ob , but one
that tos very gratefully received at this ©nd.

Would you bo willing and will the Hancock Foundation per-
mit you to look at my Alaskan worn collections? They don’t amount
to much, but if you care to do then for the sake of duplicates that
you nay retain. I’ll send then out as soon as the collections have
been sorted over# There will be enough of the tube masses that you
will bo able to keep a generous sample*

I wish that I might have been there for the dedication
ceremony. From the clippings I have received it must be a grand
set-up and I hops the endowment will keep pace with the needs of
the scientific work,

What about the recent earthquakes? Did you feel them in
Los Angeles? I saw a recent picture of Pt. Persia slipping into the

My best to everybody at the laboratory.

Sincerely*

WLS : LMe

Waldo L. Schmitt* Curator,
Division of Marine Invertebrates,

Allan Hancock Foundation
University of Southern California
Los Angeles, California
25 October 1940

Dear Doctor Schmitt:

My best thanks to you for having remembered me with the inter-
esting fresh specimens of chaetopods that you have been taking on your
expedition. Also, I am very happy to have received word from you in
spite of your many duties which doubtless take up much of your time*

We have long been wondering how tilings were progressing in Alaska j your
timely report is encouraging and stimulating.

The collections that you have 3ent (and which are going to the
Museum today or tomorrow) contain the following chaetopods:

l4-4o* Sept. 18, 1940. Canoe Bay, Alaska. Lot 1.

Id anthyrsus arma tus Kinberg, subsp. pennarmatus MS - 2 specimens
and tubes. [I am retaining one j

This is the same as in the USNM coll. (Alb. 3ta. 2878, Sept.
25, 1888, from between Sitka and Columbia Hiver, in 66 fms.)
This species comes near two well known tropical species, -
I. armatus Kinberg and l* pennatus Peters, but is inter-
mediate, hence the subspecific designation here proposed.

Vermil iop sis sp. - on Balanus, in white calcareous tube, with
strong median carene.

juvenile sabellid, probably species of Sen izooranchia , in "thin s trd
tube, attached to barnacle.

14-40. Lot 2.

Idanthyrsus arma tus pennarmatus MS (4 specimens). ,

Ps e ud o po ta rni 1 la intermedia Moore (1 specimen and tubes)

Lag isca , juvenile. (1 specimen)

Spir or bis , probably spiri Hum Linn. (5 specimens)

17-40. Sept. 19, 1940. from P. camtschatica .

Idanthyrsus penna rmatus MS (I ’nave kept 2 specimens out of 6)
Potamilla neglects (Sara) in long, sand-covered, chitinous tube
Pseudopotamilla intermedia Moore (forme tube clusters, several spec./
Sab el la eras sic o rnis Sars (crown detached from tube with specimen)
Vermiliopsis sp. (same as in 14-40. (retaining 2 out of 9 )

Lagi sea raris pina (Sars) (2+ specimens, scales detached)

Crucigera zygophora Johnson (1 specimen in tube;

From Tondeleyo crab trap in Canoe Bay, Alaska... Sept. 25, 1 v40 .

Cruci gera i rregularis Bush (numerous specimens in white coiled tubes)
Vermiliopsis sp* (same as in 14—20 and 17—40. (one specimen)

I am exceedingly curious to know that the tube masses can represent.
On the whole, that cold-water fauna is rich in numbers of individuals but
meagre in numbers of species, compared with the fauna of warmer waters. I
was impressed with the same phenomenon at Beaufort as compared with the

Dew England forms.

iith all good wishes.

Very truly yours.

Jacques Loeb Laboratory

Alexander Agassiz Laboratory

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HOPKINS MARINE STATIO

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PACIFIC GROVE
CALIFORNIA

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K*!« *SS

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G^U^y d^y-tAvv £cJtuaM-

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A / /■ ^V*-C^y fcVv'4 o\ ***a-4^

r~ ^ ■— C-uW?

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-r£eJ- -r™^\

Mr. Art Hvatua

o/o U, S* Fish and Wildlife Senrioe
2726 Montlake Boulevard
Seattle, ' i ns hingto

Dear Art t

1 am certainly grateful to you for that grand letter of
H®y 12th, with the little note of transmittal of Ifay 14th that was
clipped to the back of it* Gosh, I wish that I night have been with
you on ®m ft Idle boats* for you did bring hone the bacon* Iasi

It is hard to believe that you could get so many crabs into that one
otter trawl. Perhaps they ere *3t 53* •* *01* *i.*@*&. by millions, after

all* It gives us some idea what the Japs must have run Into from
time to time* Perhaps the tost thing of all is that you folks have
used tangle nets to some extent, so that one can compare their
efficiencies with that of the trawler*

la getting up that big lot of crabs, were may of them
badly crushed? That is one point that was discussed at length*

Are otter trawl e more destructive of crabs than tangle nets?

Mr* Harrison will decide what is to be done with your
oolleoti ns* It is ray rsooraaendation that everything be seat back
here first for attention and for a later distribution to those who
will undertake to wggkjUP various parts of the material* At one
time Pat and 1 talkea/nis working up the embryology of the crabs as
part of his thesis work at the University* To that end, we saved a
number of egg samples and I suppose you have more of them* The first
lot of egg samples are her®, and just as soon, m Pat is reedy for
them I shall send thorn on to him.

I do not know whether you will have time for (Study after
you get back or not* The Bureau probably will not continue with the
investigation unless Congress cones through with more money. If you
should dec id® to go on with a higher degree and plan on working up
some phase of the material, such as the fish, I am sure it could be
arranged. I ■want to do a little system tic paper on the crabs, with
some notes on growth so far as we got data during the first cruise,

I ar. very grateful to you for remembering xae to our mutual
friends in Alaska, I would like to have seen all of them, but I am
glad that you did the honors in ay stead* 1 am afraid this letter

I am afraid this letter won’t get to you before you return
b

won’t get to you before you return*, but if it does* give my best to
all of the folks again. 1 ma going to drop a few of them a wort! or
two in the next ■seek.

Ton mist have a lot of interesting information regarding
moulting, When the throe boats get back and you oorapare notes* you
probably will have some real knowledge of the process and the time
of year- when it reaches the maxi:

Joe Punooohar earn® through to
last week for Puerto Rico.

tell us goodbye. He left

I just had a trip to the Galapagos Islands. I had the
opportunity of flying down and back. Tnis held as down to a picture
redord* although I did get a few specimens.

Washington has quite
almost seemed as though I jumped
Bay to the 97° that we had here
hot here* it is hot as biases.

Give ay best to the whole crowd.* the Captain and all the
rest. I am sorry you toll me about that grand rico pudding with
raisiasJ I haven’t had one the equal of Ill’s since I got back.

Sincerely*

*«u I

St Wo

Waldo L. Schmitt* Curator*
Division of Karine invertebrates.

— '

g ^

January 22, 1940

Laboratory of Experimental Biology
American Museum of natural History
Central Park west at 79th Street

*• k* 4.U* *.«, W A VJ

boar Ilia s Ilyaont

I have finally gotten bade in harness and, first of all, I
want -bo thank you for your good letter of November 4th, in which you

so promptly identified tbpse flat worms from the king crabs for me,

1 6' ■ ; 5 i - ' j • r •

1 must confess that most of our time was spent at sea and
that most of ay pictures are distant views of sixer® linos. However,
v/e did some shore collecting, but the flat worms wore not ranch in
evidence, he sorted over our hauls quite carefully and did poke in and
around the rocks to a considerable extent. The collections have just
recently arrived and there will be quite a lot of sorting to accomplish
with what vre got. It is possible that some other things will turn up.

With reference to the barnacles, ve always found the flat
worms in empty barnacle shells on the crab’s back, and so your sur-
mise that they are really associated with the barnacles is correct.

The color of those flat worms, as I recall it (and I am
looking at that ancient 1886 edition of Ridgway) was somewhere be-
tween the lighter parts of smoke grey and drab grey in the upper right
hand comer of Plate 2. I’ll try to get you some color notes, if only
by comparison with a Sears Roebuck paint ohart, which you find in al-
most every household in Alaska.

I just couldn’t make Philadelphia, I reached home just two
days before Christmas and there was too much to attend to both there
and at the office to permit me to get away, I certainly regret that
I was not able to talk things over with you and Dr, Stirewalt, You
have the right slant on the wholes matter, but, nevertheless, if on©
cannot give the time or hasn’t the material to make a proper revision
of a group, a check list embodying all the names in literature is a
very useful thing if it 1® carefully done and all th© references are
carefully oheoked and are reliable. Perhaps th© key that they have
planned to accompany the check list is a bit premature, but, other
than th© key, the list of reference® and names has such to reoomnend

it. That, too, would reader yrur task, though difficult, somewhat
easier than if you attempted u thorough-going revision.

(hi© of the nicest things of its kind is Barnett Price’s
"Uorth American Monogenetio Treaatodes." flhat we originally had in
mind was something more on the order of Barring’s synppsie of the

rotifers. One or the other of those things would bo a very useful
work.

ampliations of this sort are published by the Institution,
as witness barring’s synopsis, but 1 cannot make any commitments or
premises that v,e would do it after -the job is done, but I a®, hopeful,
Tiie zoologists to when I have spoken about the matter think that a
thorough-going check list of the Tur hollar ia would be a good thing,

when you speak of Kepaer * s students wanting to undertake
projects for which tilers has not been an adequate basis in tax-
onomic studies, you are speaking of something that 300ms to charac-
terize ao.ot .university graduated of the present day, 1 find that
attitude ,oa every hand* . They are not content with" doing a bit • of
gt upping 3 _uu trying to win their spurs , as the saying -goes, before
launching a big monographic r ©vision of all the species in the world.

It was a shock- to loam of Dr, Hob la’s passing-, I didn’t
evoii know be was sick. Of course, I had boon out of touch with things

Lions at the Huseica, lor goodness know s you are due roe Sarah facilities
wherever you might want than.

I won’t come to Sow York without looking you up. Iky best
good wishes and kindest regards ,

Sincerely,

Waldo L. Schmitt, Curator,
Division of iiarine Invertebrates ,

The American Museum of Natural History

Central Park West at 79th Street

New York City , . . . .Jan.».15 19 41

Dear Dr ♦Scliruitt :

I hoped I would be able to
talk to you at Philadelphia about the proposed
check list of American Turbellaria but you did
not seem to be present* Dr.Stirewalt was there,
how ever, and gave me some sample pages of the
project .

I regret to report that I have
been quite unable to do anything with my share
of the project and I do not want to hold up
the part practically finished by Br.Stirewllt
et al. I see no possibility of my being able to
devote any time to this matter in the near fu-
ture. Since the check list will be very volumi-
nous , apparently, I presume it will have to be
published in sections , anyway . Therefore 1 see
no reason why you should not proceed with the
parts on the lower orders of Turbellaria*

I shall try to do the triclads
in the next coupleof years but I am very un-
willing to undertake the polyclads until I have
worked up the Pacific coast material of these
forms* It is impossible at present to evaluate
many of the species in the literature. Stire-
walt et al .do not seen to care about evaluating
the species and are simply making a list;but I
can tt see much value to the project unless one
can clear up the synonymy to at least some
extent. I don't know but what the whole project
is a little premature. Kepner's students in
general seem to want to undertake big projects
for which there has not be?an adequate basis in
taxonomic studies* It seems to me they might
do better to do some collecting in parts of the

country Atiij unknown.

As I said, I’m willing to undertake the tri-
es lads hut I wouJ>d like to defer the polyclads
until I have worked out the Pacific coast forms

IN RE

Cable Address Museology New York”

The American Museum of Natural History

CENTRAL PARK WEST at 79th STREET

NEW YORK, N. Y.

Laboratory of Experimental, Biology

Nov. 4 th, 11 40

Dear

Dr. Schmitt :

You must have had a very exciting time. When 1
finally found Pavlov Bay on the map, I was quite thunderstruck-it
seemed" like the end of the world. I didn’t suppose there was any way
of getting to such places except by having a private yacht or something
of the kind. I’m afraid such a cold wet place would be fatal to me-
I can t t stand the seashore especially in northern latitudes.

The polyclads you sent are all of one kind and ob-
viously belong to the family Lcptoplanidae , genus Notoplana. I
thought : they looked familiar although this genus is one of the worst
of the poly clads, having numerous species all over the world, which
look very much alike externally. They can only be distinguished by
the details of the copulatory apparatus. I have sectioned one of the
worms and this confirms the opinion reached by studying whole mounts,
namely, that the animal is Ilotoplana sanjuania Freeman 1933 (Trans.

Amer. Micro. Soc. 52, p. 128) I studied this species when I was at Friday
Harbor in the summer of 1938 and collected a number of specimens. Hence
as i say it looked familiar. This species is known only from Puget
Sound where it lives under rocks in shallow water. It presumably
must be distributed all along the North ~ acif ic coast since you found
it so far north. I suspected it might have been previously described
fro® Japan but I have gone over all the No topi anas reported from J a a an
and none of them are the same as this one* Go I believe the name is
valid* Its habit of living on the hacks of crabs at Pavlov Bay is
peculiar. I presume it is also found along the shores, i suppose you
didn’t look? I believe it must be regarded as merely epizoic on the
crabs-most likely it is really associated with the barnacles found on
the crabs' backs , probably feeds on the barnacles. I fear there is
really nothing very interesting to say a lout this polyclad.

It is useless to try to narcotize flat worms . Narco-
tics usually disintegrate them without iminoboli zifjg them* It is
best to throw the:, into 70> alcohol or formalin. Weights to keep
them flat are desirbble ; how ever x have no difficulty flattening then
out after* I get them, so that it's not necessary to bother* I wish
you would state the color ; alt ough I regularly ask everybody to do this,

nobody ever remembers .

. \

Sincerely,

INTERIOR

1940.

MEMORANDUM for Fisheries project leaders:

The attached memorandum is one in a series of memoranda designated
as AFO 1 s (abbreviation for Administrative Field Office memoranda) which
serve as the medium for the dissemination of information and instructions
of application to field officers in general.

Previous memoranda in the AFO series* and hne Circular Order series
of the Bureau of Fisheries* are now being studied with a view to their
suitability for application throughout the Service. Any revisions that
are made will be issued as AFO 1 s * and these memoranda* together with
those that will be repromulgated without change* will then comprise the
Administrative and Fiscal Regulations of the Service * A complete set
of the memoranda* with an index* will De furnished all Fisheries project
leaders as soon as practicable.

In the meantime* you should be governed strictly by the provisions
of the attached memorandum and others that will be sent to you from time
to time. These memoranda should be carefully filed, where they wil± be
available for convenient reference and for incorporation with the com-
plete set when received.

Until further notice* Bureau of Fisheries Circular Orders continue
in effect to the extent that they are not In conflict with aFO memoranda
which you have received or may receive from time to time in the future.

tu c ^LecVtrv?

Acting Director.

Attachment

AFO No * 39 Revised
Amendment No, 9
Admin, Memo. 15$

UNITED STATES^ DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR *.

Fish and Wildlife Service
Washington, D. G.

December 12, 1940.

MEMORANDUM

FOR

CHIEFS OF DIVISIONS AND FIELD OFFICERS

Subjects Decrease of per diem allowance .while on shipboard

and prohibition against delaying travel awaiting

airplanes or extra fare trains * ;

Orders Nos. 1533 and 1534 of the Secretary of the Interior, both

dated November 27, 1940, are quoted below:

Order No. 1533:

“Effective immediately (November 27, 1940) the maximum
rate of per diem which may be allowed in travel orders for
per diem while on shipboard, as provided by Paragraph 47 of
the Standardized Government Travel Regulations, shall not exceed
two dollars. Travel orders now in effect are amended accordingly. ,r

Order No. 1534:

"No employee of the Department in a travel status or under
orders to start travel shall waste time waiting for an airplane
or extra fare train when, by using a regular train or ship, he
can reach his destination not substantially later than he would
by waiting for the more expensive method of transportation. 11

Order No. 1533 has application only to travel on commercial vessels
where the price of passage includes meals and does not cover travel on
vessels operated by the Government. Subsistence of employees traveling
on vessels operated by the Government is obtained in one of two ways:

(l) Meals and lodging are furnished by the Government at no cost
to the traveler requiring deduction of not less than 1/5 of the per diem
rate for each meal and/or lodging furnished in accordance with Paragraph
47a of the Travel Regulations, or

(2) Meals are furnished by a ness operated by the Government or by
the ship’s crew, and the traveler is required to pay for them at estab-
lished rates, usually very reasonable; in which event no deduction from
the authorized per diem rate is required for meals; but the 1/5 deduction
for lodgings furnished without charge must nevertheless be made.

In either case, the costs to the traveling employee are considerably
reduced. Therefore, to comply with the apparent intent of the Secretary
to reduce per diem rates while on shipboard generally, employees are
directed to make their per diem' claims while aboard Government-operated
vessels commensurate with costs to them regardless of the rates of per
diem their letters of authorization may authorize.

I A - c tt ~> /

Acting Director.

INDEX (new matter underscored)

Airplane travel . . 39R-p6-9; 28 7

Authorization, letter of ......... 69R-7-8— 9.

Per diem

on commercial vessels SdR-d

Trains, extra fare, travel by,

Transportation (of persons) by extra-fare train .
Travel of Government personnel ... •

59R-3-9

39R-3-9

39R-1-2-3-4-9

Standard Form No. 1012a— Revised
Form Approved by .
Comptroller General, U. S.

July 19, 1937 (Rev. May 15*1939)
General Regulations No. 88

VOUCHER FOR PER i)IE» AMD/OR RHIBURSE8IERT D 0 Vm m
OF EXPENSES INCIDENT TO OFFICIAL TRAVEL Bureau m.

(Statement of account mast be completely filled in by payee prior to signature, and there must not be any erasure or alteration unless initialed or signed by him)

General Accounting Office
PREAUDIT

Certified for payment in the

sum of $

Comptroller General of
the United States

U. S jfia&aM-

(Department, bureau, or establishment)

THE UNITED STATES, Dr., To

(Address)

Official Headquarters -*****0^--*-*,.
Domicile Residence

(For use of Postal Service only)

PAID BY

(For use of Paying Office)

FOR PER DIEM in lieu of subsistence, mileage for personally owned motor vehicle, and/or REIMBURSEMENT
of travel and other expenses paid bv me in the discharge of official duty from g f 19 f

19___4|| copy of which is attached,* or has been previously furnished ivith voucher No. , paid _ ,

19 , by $

(Name of disbursing officer)

AMOUNT

Dollars

Cents

-M-

ColXaLomtor

(Payee will NOT use this space)

Differences

Account verified correct for. $

(Signature or initials)

ACCOUNTING CLASSIFICATION (For completion by administrative office)

Appropriation, Limitation
or Project Symbol

Appropriation Title

Limitation or Project

Appropriation

Amount

-A4UJM ...

X mr usi Asm&iua* -

$ Sfi3Li4

$ SSI* SI

JSU& mi , $f4I.

Allotment Symbol

Amount

Encumbrance

Liquidated

Cost Account

Object of Expenditure

Symbol

Amount

Symbol

Amount

14X1918

$ mm

$ m mum

Check No.

Cash, $

, dated

, 19 , for $

SIGN

ORIGINAL

ONLY

J on Treasurer of the United States
[ in favor of payee named above.

(Signature of payee)

*If there was no prior authority state circumstances which rendered securing prior authority impracticable.

10— 1664a

ITEMIZED SCHEDULE OF TRAVEL AND OTHER EXPENSES

2 .

Date and hour of departure from official headquarters MtfltiL

Give duty status on first day of voucher period: (Date) (Hour)

* Arrived at on _4SS-#— i® -

for temporary duty for approximate period - — — —

Approximate date of return to official headquarters , 19 .40

3. f State authorized per diem in lieu of subsistence, 00

4. f State authorized allowance for actual subsistence expenses: .Not to exceed $ per day.

Where for traveler’s personal convenience or through the taking of leave there is interruption of travel, deviation
from the direct route, or where traveler delays at a place other than post of duty, a statement showing the facts
should appear on the voucher.

♦If authority provides for travel to more than one point, time of arrival and departure from each should be stated in the body of the account in chronological order,
flf more than one rate of allowance is authorized, full statement of application of each rate must be given in some convenient place on this voucher.

DATE

19 ..

Aug.*

CHARACTER OF EXPENDITURE
(To be itemized by the day and fully explained)

•:**

f.t.

iac lading berth.

*• S.C. to

with stopover

ia OaXif . (

(BMTtti

■, a'aafc. t
3*«4 IVtMiMO fill,.

SUB-

vou.

NO.**

{Sea

♦

AMOUNT

Subsistence

Other

NOTATIONS

(Payee must not
use this column)

Bepsrt ifeahlsgtoi*, ?,<54, - T.W.A., 10*§S p.»,
arrive mn fmtmimm #s5t p*m*

Baa (Vftttafew #1) far®. Arrive faelfto Qrev#

It mm a (Boa Am 10*43)

'im&o Hoateroy {Jfcalti* are*®} $»p, 8*30 a,®.* Arrive
Baa Fmmtmo 11:30 *.*•

laxl t© bot*l

Depart esa ImieiMO 6*4® a*®. tor mio Alt® by Srey-
houad Boa, roaMtrip fare.

Arrive mio Alto 9*89 »*»*
leave r-alo Alt® 6*0? p.a.

Francisco 5i20 p*»*

la can Fr&aelseo, carfare to Asad* 3 ®* & return

mMlMO (United Airlifts*} is® a.*,
airport 2*10 a*®. ) far Seattle

fare San Francisco to airport 3

Seattle 7s 14 a*a.
to hotsl

la Seattle - Oarfere lor % days ;> (9# 4*9#) Id# per

Seattle aboard MS Tondeleyo , 12 sidntts
minute purcsass lattice (slat® far saving chart
rack la mm on fondeleyo )

f fyoa Seattle to Seattle on crmb investigation
At Kctefeikaa* Arrived 10; 40

laxl to town fro® oil dock and return to consult with
Mr* Harrison ant Mr, Jackson tsfc® left *a&s day
($0# each my)

Left 2 etch Iks n 5*45 p.a.

Xtt 10418k

Sending 2 §ml* alcohol to Alitak for 0, 1. lertult
Setursiag 17 pile, alcohol to Seward Drug Co*

(I si* alcohol was needed far preservation of
Bpmtemm d®«®4 of value to purpose# expedition}
and it was hoped that it could fee secured at
Movement rate} as this wts net possible, colleetj-
lag mn curtailed and aloe Pol returned because of

Totals (to be carried forward to continuation sheet, if necessary)

Total amount of voucher (not to be used when totals are carried forward to continuation sheet)

**When subvouchers required by regulations were not obtained, state fully the circumstances showing reason for omission.

10 — 16 f» 4 a

STATEMENT OF TRAVEL PERFORMED FOR WHICH REIMBURSEMENT IS NOT CLAIMED

BY TRAVELER

DATE OF
TRAVEL

6 - 12-40

NO. OF TRANS-
PORTATION
REQUEST OR
SPEEDOMETER
READING

1-503.6*1

3J-ig~4® 1-503,862
1Mk4 1-503,653

FBOM-

'4M&lagto&i> P.S.
mmhm

TO-

VIA

(Kind of carrier
or vehicle)*

. , * . 5V 6# A#

©•If* & 3.

CLASS OR
MILEAGE f

AMOUNT

0 &S©«
m* 4S

82*05

^Railroad, steamship, airplane, bus, etc.

f Abbreviate class of service or accommodations used. Railroad: F, first class; I, intermediate class; M, mixed class; C, coach; P, Pullman accommodations; DR, drawing room;
CP, compartment; BR, bedroom; SOS, single occupaucy section; SEC, section; LB, lower berth; UB, upper berth; S, seat. By other mode: Number of miles traveled.

INSTRUCTIONS

1- The provisions of the travel regulations must be strictly observed in order to avoid suspensions and disallowances in the accounts.

2. When more space is required for itemization of the account, use continuation sheets (standard forms 1012b — Revised and
1012c — Revised) and fasten together in upper left-hand corner.

3. As many copies of the approved memorandum voucher may be made as required for administrative purposes.

V. 3. GOTHBNMBNT PRINTfNG OFHC1I

10— 1664a

Standard. Form No. 1012 o
Eonn approved by
Comptroller General U. S.
May 3, 1929

Public Voucher for Reimbtsrsement of Travel and Other Expenses

Including Per Diem — Continuation Sheet

Payee

Dr. Mh

Ik'

ITEMIZED SCHEDULE OF TRAVEL AND OTHER EXPENSES

ATE

CHARACTER OF EXPENDITURE
(To be itemized by the day and fully explained)

SUB.

\fOU-

AMOUNT

NOTATIONS

J|0_

NO.

SUBSISTENCE

OTHER

(Payee must ac t use
Shis eoksin)

#Bt* 4* )

JL=.

isgosaifela p?ls# af fwm Oovsnmeat polat of

AWfif«4 Joattlo 3*00 a.fiu {* l/Z 4ajj |«#t bj* Sr*,.

f.R, !-»«»« Sr«

loft Seattle lfiilS Mb for 8*0* i~5C3*i42-£sil

it 1

& 8 ,

AWivot »Kfeloctoa 8 *40 •*».

108*4/® i&y# tor 4i*» # $1*00 100*80

♦

DATE

•

. .... *

CHARACTER OF EXPENDITURE

(To be itemized by the day and fully explained)

SUB-

VOU.

AMOUNT

NOTATIONS

NO.

SUBSISTENCE

OTHER

(Payee must no fuse
this column)

•

■<

- - - - • •• • T •* • • - - * . •

Totals (to be carried forward to Continuation Sheet, if necessary)

i **, h

Total amount op voucher (not to be used when totals are carried forward to Continuatior

i Sheet)

151

V. S. GOVJSEWMENT FRINTlIiU OFFICE: 102?

10—1664 q

3-1058

(December 1939)

Allotment Account L. A. No.

UNITED STATES

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

August 2, 1940

LETTER OF TRAVEL INSTRUCTIONS

(Prepare five copies)

Name: Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt,

Title : Collaborator

Address: Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D. C

You are hereby directed to proceed on or about August 5, 1940
from Washington, D. C. to Seattle, 'Washington, via

California

for the purpose of joining the Alaska crab expedition, which sails from
Seattle about August 15, 1940, for Alaska, There the expedition will con-
duct operations until about December 1, 1940. You will act as consulting
biologist of the expedition under instructions supplied previously.

You will be allowed per diem in lieu of subsistence at the

rate of $ 5.00 en route to Seattle, in Seattle, and on return trip to
Washington, D.C. ,and at the rate of fl.00 on vessels of the expedition.

Special features: you will use public conveyance en route to Seattle,
Washington and return to Washington, D.C. from Seattle, 'Washington.

Your expenses will be chargeable to the appropriation
#1411918 Alaska Crab Investigation, Fish and Wildlife Service, 1941 ♦

You are authorized to incur in strict conformity with law.

Standardized Government Travel Regulations, orders of the Secretary
and decisions of the Comptroller General such actual and necessary
expenses as may be essential to the duty herein directed.

At the conclusion of your trip, about December 15, 1940, you
(*) should return to Washington, D.C., and

(■&) should submit a report to R.H. Fiedler, Chief, Div. of Fishery Industries
( ) will receive further instructions.

Your official station is

Acting oasadbxKtoSnxKeaJcc. Director

U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

16 — 13411

IN REPLY REFER TO

ADDRESS ONLY THE
DIRECTOR, FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

File 750

UNITED STATES

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
WASHINGTON

August 1, 1940.

Dr, Waldo L. Schmitt,

Consulting Biologist,

Fish and Wildlife Service,

Washington, D. C.

You are directed to proceed on or about August 5 to San Francisco,
California, or such other points in California as may be necessary, to
gather information relative to the Alaska king crab investigation.

Upon completion of your inquiries in California you will proceed to
Seattle, 'Washington. Upon arrival there you will be guided by the fol-
lowing instructions:

1. When in Seattle, you will work under the direction of R. W.
Harrison in connection with the outfitting and preparation of the investi-
gation. Upon completion of the preliminary work in Seattle, you will take
part in the field work in the capacity of leader of the field party and
consulting biologist to the investigation. You will immediately supervise
the work of the junior biologist on the expedition.

2. Upon leaving Seattle the party shall proceed to the localities
recognized by the International Halibut Commission as sub-areas 3o and 34.
This territory extends from Davidson’s Bank to Unga Island and includes
Pavlof Bay where the expedition will base. Operations shall be conducted
in these areas for a period not to exceed four weeks. If circumstances
are such that it is possible to cover also sub-area 35 concurrently with
sub-areas 33 and 34, this may be done at the discretion of the party.

3. If the productivity of the area, or of any areas mentioned below,
does not warrant operations for the period of time allotted, the party raay
then proceed to the area next mentioned. Any time so saved may be spent
in subsequent operations in other areas in addition to the time allotted
for operations in those areas.

4. The party will proceed from sub-areas 33 and 34 to sub-areas 31
and 32 in the vicinity of the Shumagin Islands. Operations shall be con-
ducted in these areas for a period not to exceed four weeks. If circum-
stances are such that it is possible to cover also sub-area 30 concurrent iy
with sub-areas 31 and 32, this may be done at the discretion of the par y.

5. The party shall next proceed to Kodiak Island and conduct opera-
tions in sub-areas 28 and 29 for not more than two weeks. The remaining
time shall be spent in Shelakof Strait including Cook Inlet.

6. Upon the completion of these investigations the party will return
to Seattle.

7. You and the junior biologist of the expedition will carry out the
appended program of biological studies as far as practicable, and will re-
port on your particular phase of the work, and on the invest! gati on as a
whole, to R. W. Harrison, in accordance with instructions.

8. During the time the expedition is away from Seattle, you are in-
structed to obtain reports from Mr, Nelson and the members of the scientific
staff accompanying the expedition at such intervals as deemed necessary and
transmit same to Mr. Harrison in Seattle. In general, you are to keep Mr.
Harrison informed as to the progress of the investigation.

9. Upon completion of the first expedition sometime during December
1940 and before the second expedition sails for the fishing grounds in Jan-
uary 1941, you are instructed to submit a preliminary report on your phase
of the investigation to Mr, Harrison.

10. Amendments or additions to these instructions, if necessary, will
be forwarded to you through Mr. Harrison.

U) c

Acting Director.

1—325

(To be prepared in quadruplicate)

Order No. 40-173
July 24,1940

UNITED STATES

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

TEMPORARY EMPLOYMENT FOR EMERGENCY WORK IN THE FIELD

Fish & Wildlife Service - Div. of Fishery Industries

(Bureau and field unit)

Jla.shl:ag.t.Oil,_.D_t.C. Jul y— 30 , .1940

(Place and date)

Dr. Wald o L. Sc h mitt

(Name of employee)

You are hereby employed as— Cullatmalor. in the .

(Designation) (Bureau)

and assigned to work in the .„piv.__of . Fishe^.Indu^ries Field, Hesdnuarters _D. C_.

(Division, project, office, etc., and location)

effective August . l.,1940_

(Date of entrance on duty)

per , less $ per

Date of birth

(Year, month, day)

Race JfeLtS

Legal residence — *.

° (State)

From register Na

(Yes or no)

Previous Government

service Smithsoni an Inst,

(Department or office)

Probable length of service — Tndef i.nite._
If pending permanent filling of position so
state

Your compensation will be at the rate of $___a0.a~ below*
for

(Allowances, such as quarters, fuel, light, subsistence, etc.)

* With out campensstion from
Smithsonian Institution. Alaska
crab investigation. Act 6/27/40
(Pub. No. 668 76th Congress)

Very respectfully,

Administrat ive Assistant

( Title of officer)

Vice New.-U-0.Slt.lon

(Name of previous incumbent)

whose services were terminated on

(Last day of service)

If Indian Service, position No.

I accept the above employment and assignment under the^conditionsjiam

W§j3hingt_Qn^--D_*Cjt-

(Place and date) C \ ^ (Pull na

(One copy to be retained in the office, one given to the employee, and two forwarded to the bureau, the original through
the district secretary if for a position under his jurisdiction.)

6—7418

U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

157371 W. L. Schmitt

Alaska King Crab Investigation

Planarians identified by Miss Hyman
36a-40. Pavlof Bay, outside Cape Tolstoi. S e pt« 25, 1940, 27 fra,

Notoplana sanjuania. Removed to slides.

From trap-pile from Pavlof Bay, Alaska* IIov. ±M 1940.

Prob. Notoplana sanjuani a. Juvenile.

51-40. Canoe Bay, Alaska. Oct. 2, 1940, 25-40 fm.

Notoolana longastyletta (Freeman) 1933.

IN REPLY REFER TO

ADDRESS ONLY THE
DIRECTOR, FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

File 700

UNITED STATES

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

WASHINGTON

February 3, 1941*

Dr. Waldo Schmitt,

Smithsonian Institution,

U.S. National Museums,
Washington, D.C.

Dear Dr. Schmitt:

Enclosed herewith please find the following check:

Waldo L. Schmitt $251.96 Check No* S, 099 >024, No* 1324193

Very truly yours.

RLR

F. F. Johnson, Acting Chief,
Division of Fishery Industries*

Keithahn, E. L.

Filed: Alaska Crab Inquiries

* -*■ ^

August 26 , ig48

Sr. E. L. Eelthahn

Alaska Historical Mbrary and Museum

P.O. Box 2051

Juneau, Alaska

Dear Dr. Eeithahn:

Pardon this long delay in answering your letter. 1
m not altogether certain Just what you seen by "giant spicier
crab' 1 ; hut inasmuch as you seen to have Miss Bathbun*s hook
before you, you nay recogni $ I it as Chioncccetes opilio (G.
Fehricius) , the crab to which I believe you are referring, I
did not '-mow that it was such eaten thou ^ I have oaten it my-
self and have been present at seme experiments made in canning
it. Ohionoe cetes is a true decapod crab showing externally
five pairs of legs, " pair of claws or piacher legs, and four
pairs of aabulat cries,

the •king* crab H is a so-called anonuraa crab having in
the female an asymmetrical abdomen and showing superficially but
four pairs of leg®, pinchers and three pairs of ambulatories.

The fifth pair of legs or fourth pair of ambulatories are much
reduced ir me and usually carried concealed in the gill chambers .
They are extremely well-bristled and are used for cleaning the
gills and the gill chambers. This reduction in the last pair of
legs makes it appear that the crabs have eight legs, one pair of
claws, and three pairs of ambulatories. Hie "king crab* is sci-
entifically known as Paralithodcs cantgcbr.tica (Tilesius) . Quit a
a bit of information concerning this crab, particularly on the
economic side, will be found in a special number of the Fishery
Market lews published by the Fish and Wildlife Service, the
May 19^2 supplement, vol. 4, Ho. pa, pages 1-108. I believe that
the original edition is out of print, but that reprints nay be
available.

S incerely ,

WAS :SEK

Waldo L. 3 atari, ti
Head Curator
Department of Zoology

P. O. BOX 2051

Alaska

Historical Library and Museum

Juneau, Alaska

June 26 . 1948

Dr, Waldo Schmidt
Curator of Invertebrates
U.S. National ' useum
Washington 25 , D . C.

Dear Doctor Schmidt

In the Juneau ares, and at least as far south

as Wrangell and Petersburg we have two large crabs, known locally
as the "king crab" and the "giant spider crab". Locally, they are
distinguished principally by the belief that the "king crab" has
three ambulatory legs on each side, whereas the "giant spider crab"
has four. The other differences are that the king gets larger, has
thicker legs, black claw tips, covered with sharp spines (legs and
carapace) Both are caught locally and eaten. At Marmiom island
the giant spider is most numerous altho occasionally the king is taken,

I find nothing in the literature about the 6-legged
king crab. However, in every photograph that we have of this crab
every specimen has six rather than eight ambulatory legs. Our large
mounted specimen has 6 legs and not even vestigal rear legs showing.

Gan you tell me, 1st: what are the scientific names
of these two species. 2nd: are they covered by Rathbun. 3rd. Is the
Alaskan king crab distinguished by the presence of only 6 ambdlatory

legs.

most welcome.

Any information concerning these crabs will be

s ’- 1

Sincerely

I /

.Ksithahn/

Curator and Librarian

November 28, 1940

Dear Dr. Sohraittj

'■ . - ’ - ; ; • ■ ‘ ‘ ' v ■ ' . * >

r «j. • « •• v.. .. . •*> ' ;5 -*f V. v - ' - /A - • *■ •• V» * :• y A‘*- «?•. . *”• ■ T- Sff - • ' • • • v ■ ■

1 was glad to get your letter of Hovoraber 2nd last Monday and -to
hear by way of the radiogram the same day that you - are headed home,

Mrs* Schmitt was dorm Monday and brought your last bunoh of diary,
which I have not quite finished typing. I am sorry to -not© that periods and
other punctuation marks seem to b© as scarce in Alaska as the cra|s you wore
looking fori 111

Mrs. Morgan called up Tuesday about noon, they were just leav-
ing, It turned pretty oold that day and she said her husband couldn't
wait to get going— that he was honking the horn that minute for her to
come. She said she was very sorry that it had been impossible, after all
to have your family and me for waffles. She had tried to call Mrs. Sohs&tt
that morning, but could not get her, so asked me to pass on her regrets.

They had called at the Library Monday and visited' Waldo for a few minutes.

..... . ■■ •' f **'. .. ... .. ,1 . £ .... ... .. v * jfc. . c . • ' V >- -. .*• • " • . ... - • ' ^ ‘ «jnUf .y-v ’{ - .' •: - ... ^ y- f " gV.'J S '*

Yesterday Mr. Bryant called and said, "Do you know Lee Garter
Boone?" I laughed, but he said he was serious and wanted to know if it
was our old friend Pearl . I didn't know, but said I wouldn’t be surprised.
Anyway, an individual by that name lias applied for a job in the War Depart-
ment, giving U.S.H.M* as reference. Mr* Bryant had an inquiry from the
War Department, This morning as I was coming in I met Andrew Pi zsini
at the door and asked him if Pearl had ever called herself Lee Carter
Boone, and he said oh, yes, often. Ho said she had even signed checks
"Virginia Lee Carroll Carter Boon®." I said, " 3he belongs to all the
fine old families, doesn’t she?" I told Mr. Bryant this morning what
Andrew told me, ■

Mr. Maloney went out to see Kelly yesterday. We all pooled our
resources and got him a carton of cigarettes, which Maloney took along,
instead of flowers, Mrs. Kelly had told me that he had piles of flower®,

I guess everybody in the lodge goes to see him and sends flowers. Hr.
Maloney said a lodge brother ms there yesterday while he was there.

Maloney said he spent an hour listening to the details of the operation.

Mrs. Kelly called me one day this weak and said that Sunday a week ago
Kelly was very ill and they thought they would lose him. She said, "They
gave him enemy after enemy, but it didn't do any good, and finally they
had to take the enemies away." Apparently he had terrific gas pains, but
they finally got better. Maloney says he seems to be enjoying himself.

I jus t heard yesterday that Mr, Perrygo has reoently been
divorced. I didn't know he was married.

Did you know Miss Sandhouso, who used to be upstairs with the
Agriculture entomologists? I think she was moved over to Agriculture
when a bunch of then went over there. I used to see her in my neighbor-
hood a lot, and only learned the other day that she had lived in the

same house I do. What shocked me, though, was to hear that she had
recently died of <Sanoer. I hadn’t missed seeing her around. I heard that
she had* been gone since summer. She went home teaa&x to flolorado for va-
cation and learned while she was there that she had cancer. She came back
here and wound up her affairs and returned homo. Within three weeks
ate was dead. She was the girl who stammered a little. She used to come
down here sometimes to look at our books or talk to Er. Shoemaker. Had
straight brownish hair, end blue eyes, a little taller than I and very
thin.

. id ' ' '• v:! i..: ■■ . ; o V • - -y • - ■* ■ '•* ■ ^ 1

Did I tell you that last two stories I heard »

. - r.lj ' , . ..

When a diplomat says yes, he means perhaps* when h® says perhaps,
he means maybe; if he says no, he’s no diplomat. When a lady says no, she
means perhaps* when she.-. says perhaps, she moans yes* if she says yes, she’s
no ladd. i\«J .

It’s nice to be nice— just nice enough*

fain’t nioe to be too nioe* tain’t nice enough.

Mr, Shoemaker had a letter from Ellis this morning. Ellis has
boon up at Bay Shore, Long Island, training to be an instructor in flying
I think. - Ho is of draft age, you know, and ho hopes to be able to
do flying instruction work. He is leaving L* I. Monday, and will be here
until Wednesday. He wrote asking fes. Shoemaker .to have "ham sand-witches”
with him Monday afternoon and 'Tuesday. ■

I did something to my foot a few days ago, I don’t know what.

It got more and more sore, until I could hardly walk on it and I was
topping around like a kangaroo. I called Group Health finally, and they
tod Dr. Halstead talk to me. He didn’t seem to be nearly as much concerned
as I was i The trouble seems to be in the metatarsal arch, and he said I
might have strained it stepping off a curb or stepping on a stone without
1 mowing at the time when I did It, Be told mo to keep off it as muoh as
possible, keep it up whenever I can, keep it warn with the electric pad,
and rub it with that imydol unction that you got for no -at GroupoIIoalth.

He said if it isn’t better in a few days he will x-ray it, but he doesn’t
think anything serious is wrong. I hunted up Miss Rathbun’s little foot-
stool, and here I sit wife my foot on it, while I type away at your diary
and other thin-s. When I want anything , I yell and make those guys from
the other room come to me instead of going to them— and am I having funj
At home I lie on the bed wife rry foot up on two pillows and the electric
pad over it. It seems considerably better this morning, so I guess 1
won’t get away with murder much longer.

I don’t know how this sheet got so smeared. I put on a now
ribbon, I guess that’s the trouble.

Bartlett cam© down Monday. I had finished up his Explorations
account Saturday afternoon* so was able to show it to him and got so me
corrections in spelling, where I hadn’t been able to read his writing.

He had some 6x7 prints with ids him, which he took over to True, We
are also getting prints mad© of some 2-1/4 x 3-1/4 negatives he sent
earlier. He took me to lunch Monday, We went up to O’Donnell’s, lie
asked me where to go, and 1 thought that most people you take there like
it* He liked it very much, but complained that the devilled crab wasn’t
big enough, W« had whiskey sow, devilled crab platter, french fries,
cold slaw, tea, and ice cream. It was nice, and it was easier keeping
up a conversation with him than I thought it would be, (Hay bo the whiskey
sour helped there! )

Tour friend Poster called up the other day. I left a not© about
it for you, lie wanted to know when you would be back and was fishing
around to see if I Smew anything about the Field Museum having a project
afloat. I don’t like him nucaj he never wants to give his name and I
always have ti> fish it out of him, I’m getting so 1 know his voice now,
it sounds like Stanley Brooks.

I never heard whether Brooks got more work with the Defense
Council or not. That was a racket, lie didn’t give a darm about defense,
just so he got a plum out of it. And the others concerned with so-called
defense are probably just like him. That’s what makes you so sad with
our politics, V ery few men have the good of the country at heart j they’re
only after their out, — — •

I’m going home a week from Saturday and after that* as you often
say on the eve of leaving, ,! be damned to you"! I’m anxious to got home
now* Mams is already planning a big Christmas dinner*

Sincerely,

t 1 ■> ' .

u.s.n.h.

Hovembor 22* 1940

Dear .Dr. Soha&tti

. . . ' . • ’ ' \ . . . .

-t guess. lb is quite a while since • I haT© written you. I wish you
had a chance to get mail off of toner i this business of keeping up a one-
sided correspondence is kind of hard.* . ‘

- \ . ‘ ‘ ;;,i . . v • •- • '

Your diary has been aoaing along all right and I have it all typed
except tiie last batch. X am up to the point ■where the dates seen mixed, or
something id wrong* Don’t know whether I oan get it straight or not.

ihe .Morgans (Don and Eleanor) ar® .back la torn. She called me up
last Monday. Ur. Phil Morgan is also with then, with his new wife. The
i'hil .Morgans .have a trailer* and the .four of. them are down- in the tourist
. park* Don .Morgan with Ms house oar. The four of them came into the office
Jednesday*. the day before Thankegivlng , aadDoa asked me to show Phil and
hie wife the stack* :our card catalog* and catalogs. vftdle they were here,
leaner called up Mrs, Schmitt, and arranged for her had the children and
3350 ^ x;:ve land; with .then in -too tourist park today. However* this morn-
ing Mrs. Schmitt called me to say Eleanor called her again yesterday to
call it Off. Sit© said we would try to ■ get together again some day next
week, I think* I thought it ms very nice of' them to' include -me so corially
again. > Phil’s wife; is a nice-looking woman, about Helen’s height* but
heavier, and about Helenas age 1 should judge. At least he didn’t go off
aikf marry some young thing* (won’t you lov® the - way X sling their first
names, arc itiau ’s. ...just between you and ms ; it’s a much easier way of

referring to theta all.} .....

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.h'io Morgans said they were not celebrating Pranks giving, but would
hav© their Thanksgiving next week. Me had ours yesterday. I had dinner
irith Plorenco in her now apartment. There were just the two of us* and we
spent o. very calm day. ;

...... ■ .. . . .; . , j ■ . r ■ ■ .

• -* * \ - '. ■ * ’’ , ; '* ;• > ■ ' ?• ‘ • ?- . ' j' i-

I talked to Hope Rathbun not so long ago. ■ - She said Miss Rathbun
is about the same— in good physical condition* but doesn’t know anybody, not
even ajc- Rathbun .family. Seward takes lior out for a rid© about every day,
and they have gotten a whit© woman to live there with her, besides the
coloreu mil, I asked Mope if lass Rathbun liked visitors * and if she would
liko *ov &A3f of mb %o corns sss h®r oo os.® 3. oniii \y $ bivoxi Isiiou,. ii slio woul dn * t
knew, any of. ue • Hope said* !, It sounds brut&l/but, frankly, l don’t think
sno cares whether any note eornos or not, and it would only be embarrassing
mac, difficult i‘or the visitor.” I’m just as glad she fools that way about
it., : . I wouldn’t enjoy going over there, would do it if I thought it

would ; d$ any help* and 1 doubt if Mr. Shoemaker could be persuaded to go:
and course . Maloney would be. out of the -ruestion.

. . i,ii *. Carpenter was knocked down about two weeks ago by an automobile

aid is^ quite badly injured. She was crossing on the groan' light and the oar
ms maxing a isfjcx right turn on the same light. The driver was a young
colored man with no insurance, lire. Willis xtsanpx stopped in her® this
mornxng. taid sue said she didn’t think it was altogether the driver’s fault.

It was dark and Rainy, and it ms just on© of those times when neither one
saw the other. Miss Carpenter said she looked in all directions and saw no
oars anywhere when she stepped off the curb. The next thing she knew she
wok© up in bed in Baergency Hospital. The driver of the ear picked her up
and took her to the hospital. She has a fractured pelvis, fractured skull,
and I believe both bones in on© leg are badly fractured. SETS. Willis told
iae this morning that the bones have not been set just right, and they have
to give her an anesthetic this morning and operate to correct the trouble*

Kelly went to- the hospital on the 6th, and was not operated on
until the 14 th# - lire. Kelly called the day after and said he was resting
comfortably and would be feleu to see any one. He has to stay in bed for
three weeks, flat on his back. It- is going to be very hard for any of us
to get out to see him. II® is at Soldiers Hone. I am going to ask Maloney
if maybe he can- go out once; .1 am not. going to try. The visiting hours are
only from 2 to 4 in the afternoon, which means only Saturdays and Sundays
for us, and I an not going to put in ray week-end that my. Perhaps Maloney
will do it once, Hightower called up the other day to ask where Kelly is,
and sfeid lie would try to see him. He hasn’t done it - yet. He osn’-t go
week days either, because he hasn’t any. leave left,

• , Mrs. Kelly says the doctor says that Kelly cannot do any heavy work

■for. a. year. Kelly has the idea that some on© els© sight corn® in part time
and he would "direct 1 ? (lifll) him* Mr. Shoemaker will talk to you about it
when you , get back, I think now i s your opportunity to stake a change, -and
perhaps make It permanent# Maloney heard from, on®, of 'the. laborers that folly
wants, to .get back on the ..guard fore® when 'he gets back, though he hadn’t
spoken to any of us about it. On© of the colored laborers, Woodland, has
been assigned to us for the time being. He seems quit© good. The first
thing we iiad him do was wash the windows inside and out as far up as he could
reach. If© didn’t have- him -bring in a ladder and go all the way to the top*
The improvement is remarkable. Wo all felt awfully exposed to' the public"
afterward, after hiding behind so much dirt for such a long time. Woodland
can’t go ahead and fill bottles and do things without instruction the way
Kelly was supposed to.. He sits in the stack and reads the paper a great deal,
but at least ''he' " slays there and is always right there when w© call him. : I
think if we coulTgeS a good, polite colored man,- wo would be better off
than with a white man. ;

Hr. Morgan just called me to make sure I knew the lunch was
called off. lie said ills brother has gone to Annapolis today and he thinks
they will go to lit. Vernon tomorrow and that Kleanor will go with them# Be
said he would like me to have lunch with him, and would I have it with him
alone tomorrow# He said if I felt I needed a chaperone, to bring along any-
one I oared to, I said, "Thank you very much, I think I will come by myself,”
I think he was pleased. He is going to call me tomorrow morning to make
arrangements# We left it up in the air; and the lunch may not materialise
at all if they happen to change their plan®.

I had planned to stay in the office tomorrow afternoon to work
on Bartlett’s explorations article. He sent me soma notes- and negatives
early in the week. I typed off his notes as is, but, as you know, a lot
about the guernsy heifer and the state of mother’s health has to be out out*

I thought I would stay tomorrow afternoon ( Saturday) to- "work on it, when I
would be by says elf and hare no interruptions. However, I would rather go
to lunch with Mr, Morgan!

Bartlett’s paper worries ae, I wish you wore here to help me pad
it out. True says he oan have either two. or three pages of text, and two
or. three pages : of pictures to go with it, Well, frsa the notes ,1 .have, I am
afraid £ cannot possibly qtjHfowi squeeze out more than two pages of text,
which will out him down to only four pictures* I shall get it in shape as
best I oan this week-end. Bartlett is coining to town .Monday end will be
down to see no . If I find that 800 words (two pp* of text) is all I can
got out of it, I will try to dig some aors out of him when I aoo Ida to
make 600 more. Surely he om toll me about some interesting incident that
is worth talking about and will fill up soao"moFo space. True says you are
always anxious to give him the three pages of pictures and if we do that
we must fill three pages of text.

hiss Pitch called Moloney yesterday (how size has his homo telephone
number is a mystery hr. Shoemaker and I would like to know more about! ) to
tell him that Miss Wakefield had died in Panan and they are bringing her has®*
7/hen Mrs, Schmitt called she said some girl had called her yesterday to t ©11
her the sane time, so I suppose hiss Pitch called your house thinking she would
get you. Of course, Mrs, dcluxitt didn’t know Miss .’akefield, but she asked
Miss Pitch if she had been ill long, and she said no, it was quite sudden.

Poor girl, she had so little reserve to go on if she got anything wrong kith
her, I feel sorry to think she got so little out of her short life. She
was really a nice girl, but was floundering around terribly, I suppose, she
was another who shouldn’t have tried living in the tropics,

Mr, Maloney certainly has perked up a lot# He even answers the
telephone better than he. used to, though lie won’t make a call if he cm get
me to do it for him* I don’t think he lias changed his way of living such,
but he is much more like a normal human being.

Mr. Shoemaker is working on the Zimmer paper, believe it or not!

He runs to me with about every other sentence, so 1 really am not sure
whether it is lie or I who is working on it! At any rate, we are looking
at it, but I can’t guarantee the results.

I hop© to leave for home two weeks from tomorrow, Saturday, December
7th* I thought why should I wait for the 11th, why not get going that Satur-
day afternoon, and so I shall do so if possible* I thought that for once
in ray life I could get away without rushing ray head off beforehand, if you
were not |tere, but I find myself mired down in the usual rush of innumerable
things to do and arrange for before I go, I shall be back about the 13th
of January, as I wrote you earlier, and maybe before if it is terribly cold
at horn® and I get bored with myself.

I hop© you will not be disappointed in my sins of commission and
omission during your absence, I haven’t accomplished os ran oh as I set out
to do, but I have done a few odds and ends, some of which are quite useful,
I indexed all the invoices from the very beginning, and you have no idea
how useful it is already. It is a great help in looking up things. I

shall .try to leave your desk in souq sort of order so you can see easily
what is there, and I ■ shall leave notes and ’’instructions" about the thine*
that you should -take oars of as promptly as possible* (Bossing the boss
again.)

it'll -try to write you again before I go, and 1*11 bo 'writing you
from home, Maloney it awfully anxious for m© to make a bush of catalog
sards before X go that I ha von* t had time for yot* X might stay soma evening
to work on them, but I am awfully busy at hosao too getting Christmas cards
addressed and gifts wrapped before I leave, .. » - : .

ufei !

»«?> .A-

. il

I wish you would be back before I go.

£»>>*»>

Sincerely,

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October SI, 1940

Dear Dr. Schmitt t

Tour letter to Mr* Shoemaker and the aaphlpods earn© a
couple of days ago. Mr. Shoemaker has been side all weak, and so the
package was just opened today and the letter brought to light.

Since some of your mil has been coming through more prompt
ly lately, I called Mr. Bryant again about the matter of sending the
books you want. He feel® it is taking quite a risk to send the
Jordan & Ihrcr.aann illustrations, but I argued that I thought the
books should be sent on the off chance that they would reach you in
time to be of some help to you. Be said all right’,' Vend then,
uhat we are afraid of is that they may be forwarded on from Seattle
but not reach you, and then who knows where they will be? However,

X m sending them off the Seattle today.

There is a letter if this morning*® mail from von Hagen
announcing that he will visit Washington soon for two day® and wants
to shew you a color film of the capture of the long- tailed Quetzal
in Panama. Will you regret missing him?

Did I ever tell you that von Bonde sent you a can of crab
in the can with wooden liners, and also samples of the wooden strips
they use for liners? They all came some time ago. I don * t like crab
much, so I haven’t opened the can yeti

You will be pleasantly surprised when you return to find
that there has been an entire turn-over in the telephone office.

Mrs. DePue retired recently. It was don© very quietly and no fuss
was made about her going. Some one said she wanted it that way, but
I thought it was a shame that a person who has been here as long as
she had should have notceremon# or any goodbyes when she lift. To-
morrow Margaret Edmonds is also leaving. She is transferring to the
Navy Department, and will go to some small place in Virginia where
the Bavy has something to do with airplanes. I understand that Marg-
aret’s husband 1ms been a iaeohanic down there for some time. Good
riddance i The Mrs • Donegan, who lias been on the switchboard for
some time will take Mrs. DePue *s place, I understand, and there is
a new girl, lira. Beck or Black, I didn’t hoar her name distinctly
when I was introduced. Both Mrs. Donegan and the new girl are very
nice and quick to give service.

I had to give up the bread order* Miss Vis el out down her
order to only about four a week, and I could not get enough others
to keep it up to seven or eight. I get my own bread at Broolce &
Barry’s, and I don't know what theyother people do, 1 hop® you can
work up an order when you get back. Brook® & Harry's get it in
fresh twioe a wok, Tuesdays and Fridays, and it is very convenient
for is* to get it there.

Mr, Shoemaker had a bad cold and stayed home for the first
three days this week# Kelly has been eiok this fall, too, with a
bad cold ana ear infection but I guess ho is about well now# I was
off on© day sick, .and that is all the casualties I can report. Kelly
says he is* trying to got into '.falter Rood or Mount ill to to have hie
hernia operation, .-but they keep telling him they haven't any beds#

I hope, he gets himself taken oar® of before you get back,

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We still haven't had any cold weather to speak of# We had
som snow one evening about two weeks ago, which did considerable
damage to trass, but it malted over night. h .. . .

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Sincerely, ;.

Department of Commerce

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Department of Commerce

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM

WASHINGTON, D, C.

September 27, 1940

Dear Dr. Schmitt:

Your wife said that none of your mail has yet caught up to
you, so I don’t know whether it is worth while writing more or not. Here
is a letter from Bob Lunz that he asked me to send on to you. He thought
you might like a letter from him, he said.

If you ever get my letter about Tewkesbury 1 s notes, don’t
bother to answer. I got a note from him saying that the manuscript I
sent him whs all you had, and he was pleased to get it back so promptly.

I also sent him his film*

The war looks worse and worse. This morning the pact of
Italy and Germany with Japan was announced. Poor England has no one
helping her this time, and one wonders how long she can hold out. If
she doesn’t, I guess we’ll be holding out by ourselves before long.

Mail continues to come through from England in spite of everything.

Some recent papers came from Gurney, and one from Miss Lebour. Also
a note fronH. Gordon Jackson.

Mrs. Schmitt will probably -write you about our visit from
Stanley Brooks. The next time he comes in here asking for a "favor"
he gets thrown out on his nose If I am here alone. Or, at any rate,

I shall be too "busy" on a rush job to help him out. Gosh, those
people have more crust than any one I ever knew. He took me to lunch
in return for typing a report for him. Before lunch he wanted me to
have a cocktail in his hotel room with him. With all the cocktail
places there are in this town, he wanted us to go to his roomlJJH
I did not.

You know, Mr. Bryant heard some time back that Pearl Boone
wa s in a sanitarium, the Implication being because she was not sane.
Well, just a few days ago she was floating around here. Mrs. Shuman
saw her and talked to her.

Kenneth Ellis was here day before yesterday. He had to leave
at five o’clock, so Mr. Shoemaker was done out of his dinner at the
Mayflower.

We’re having lovely weather now, typical Washington autumn,
crisp and sunny. I guess Florence and I will go for a trip this week-
end. Vie haven’t been away for quite a while. She moved into an apart-
ment at last about two weeks ago and is more content to stay home now.

Gincerel y.

Maloney came back the 15th and seems to be somewhat improved*
I don’t know whether the improvement will last nr not* He went right
to work on Hewatt’s isopods and is preparing a report on them*

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM

WASHINGTON, D. C.

September 14, 1940

Dear Dr* Schmitt:

If you get a chance to mail a letter, please tell me -where

Mr* McKeon’s Martinique pictures are* He asked me this morning if
I could find them for him* I looked all through the filing case be-
hind your desk but did not see them there* He would like to have
them, so if you can tell me where to look for them, I will give
them to him*

Barbara brought your diary in one day this week and I typed

it* Mr. Bryant and Mr* Shoemaker read it and were interested* Mr*
Shoemaker said he thought the Bureau had a nerve to send a man off
on a trip like that and expect him to turn in like a deck hand and
clean up the ship* He said you never did say what you did about
the rats* I told him you probably had them along with you*

We are having beautiful fall weather* The days are clear

and cool, and the nights are really cold— -two or three blankets*
It is a lovely time of year.

Maloney drifted in Thursday afternoon for a little while#

We haven’t seen him since, but he will be back Monday for good# He
looks plump and well-fed. He went home after the hot baths at
Hot Springs. The family differences were all settled somehow, and
he says, ’Me are all one family again.” I am glad of that; I think
the family row was on his mind (and nerves v) as much as anjrthing.

An earphone salesman was in here yesterday. When he found
you were away, he tried to sell me his instruments We had quite a
talk. I forget the name of his instrument, it is a new one which is
just being promoted. It is supposed to have a wider range than Sono-
tone, but it has the button that goes in your ear and no bone conduc-
tion apparatus* I told him I thought you were quite sold on the bone
conduction. He rather low-rates the Sonotone. His instrument is about
■ip 20 cheaper than the Monotone* He said he would come back some time
after the first of the year* I told him I thought he would find no
encouragement from you, but he said he would like to see how the instru-
ment works for you, anyway* He gave the impression that, s ince it is
new on the market, he wants to try it out on different people to see
how it suits different ears and different types of deafness*

Sincerely,

(x^r

QJU^ jCdl rJCss^j^

SSiQ \r*~

O' ZAJV^

(%->/

September 9, 1940

Dear Dr* Sffihmitt:

I have answered all the morning mail now (11:20) and can write
you* I have just mailed on to you a long letter from Mrs* Morgan which
she sent here for proper address* She enclosed it unsealed in a note
to me and told me to read yours if I cared to, which I did. Doesn’t
she describe their travels entertainingly? She wrote me an awfully
nice letter, too. I certainly do like her* She’s worth half a dozen
of your other gilt-edged friend!

I didn’t know that the Hancocks had been in Washington again
until I read Mrs. Morgan’s letter. They never came near the office
or even called. I suppose there is no reason why they should have.

Do you remember our having some correspondence with a Mr.
Arthur Humes, who was working with Miss Behre at Grand Isle? He came
in here this morning and asked to examine some parasitic nemerteans
of the Portunidae. He will be here just today. He seems to be a
nice young man.

I had a nice time on my little vacation, though it was so
cold and rainy that I nearly froze to death. New Jersey is the dampest
place I ever got into anyway. The second week-end (Labor Day) I met
Florence in New York on Saturday and stayed at her sister’s on Long
Island for a couple of nights. We drove back on Labor Day. Betty
had a wonderful time, and it was well worth the investment to see her
pleasure in everything we did. She shows her appreciation spontan-
eously that you always know when she is pleased. She came back on
the train by herself the middle of the week, so I would have the second
week-end free to spend in New York.

We are having a lovely, quiet time in the office. I am not
doing all the little odd jobs as fast as I wanted to. The mail each
day takes such a lot of time. I often spend a lot of time looking up
something for some one, so that it is noon before I can get to "my”
work, I want to get the books and pamphlets all carded before Maloney
gets back next week. It will shock him into another decline to see
how high his desk is piled with books to be filed away.’ He’ll need
to take a week off again immediately to "rest up H . Poor man; I hope
he has been able to effect a transformation, but I have my doubts.

I hope he gets himself some friends. I wonder how a person that age
who hasn’t any friends goes about establishing a set of friends. I
wouldn’t know, myself.

I’m anxious to see your diary. I hear you are sleeping with
the rats. I ^uess they aren’t inconvenienced!

Mr. Kirk (Perry’s office) left, and I understand that after
much parleying the men who were called away for military service were
at last given furloughs. I guess it was done under protest, but some

one was able to talk Wetmore into it* I am glad; I think it would have
been disgraceful to make those men resign* Another young guard named
Steinle is now in the shipping office assisting Stem*

Tewkesbury came back from Panama and was in the office one
day while I was gone* A letter came from him today asking for the re-
turn of his films and notes. I have sent them back by registered mail.
Did you have any notes of his other than those that you got from Mr*
Bartlett of This Week Magazine?

Speaking of Bartlett/* reminds me that a radiogram came a few
days ago from Captain Bartlett' addressed to you. It was sent on by
the New York Times, which evidently received it. It says, "David
joins with me in love and appreciation of all your goodness* So far
we have had a grand trip. My love also to Miss McCain [those are his
very words J ] . "

Mr* Shoemaker has been working away like a good little slave
on the slide collections. He must be getting somewhere with them, the
way he has been working on them for two or three weeks.

A long letter came from de Laubenfels just after you left, in
which he asked advice on some involved nomenclatorial points. Mr. Shoe-
maker and I struggled over it a long time and told him as much as we
could. He also asked for "photostat" copies of certain papers on sponges
to which he gave references. As they were only pat a page or two or
three apiece for about six articles, we are requsitioning photographs
of the articles concerned. De Laubenfels also asked if there was any
way he could have the sponge section of the Zool. Record copied since
1933 (ill) and said he is willing to pay 25 cents per page of single
space. We told him we had no way of getting it copied for him, and
suggested that it might be cheaper to ask Dept. Agr. to photostat it.

For a moment I considered doing it on the side for the sake of a little
extra cash, but I didn’t consider it for long. It’s bad enough to
copy what I have to of that fine print in the Zool. Record, without
taking on any more.

I f m sorry I don’t know any gossip to tell you. If I hear
anything juicy. I’ll write you again. Here’s a story which was printed
in Reader’s Digest, so I guess it is fit to write you:

An Australian returned to London after a long absence. He
went to his old Club, but there was no one there except an old fellow
he didn’t know. He was lonesome though, so he asked the other man &£
he would have a game of cards with him. The man said, ’’No , thanks.

Tried it once and don’t like it." After a while the .Australian took
out a cigar and asked the man to have a smoke with him. The man said,
"No, thanks. Tried it once and don’t like it." Then the Australian
wandered around until he came to the door of the billianiroom. He
turned to the other man and asked if he’d have a game of billiards with
him. The man replied, "No, thanks; tried it once and didn’t like it.
But," he continued, "Here comes my son; perhaps he will have a game with
you." The Australian said, "Your only child, I presume."

Sincerely,

0O/w*\

Maloney sent us all little souvenir gifts from Hot Springs. You should see them! Most fif them are pretty
terrible. Mine came by itself one day, and the others all followed on the second day. I was quite relieve
to find that I was not the only recipient. I was afraid that part of his rehabilitation program might be
to send me presents! Wouldn’t that be awfuli Jl

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM

WASHINGTON, D. C.

August 23 # 1940

Dear Dr* Schmitt :

mv v . . 1 nn i she f the bibliography and sent the Library books all back.

are so e ileaS n tJt S x 0 ° Ut 17 hu 7 et > scru bbing brush, and' soap, and we
e oo clean that we sparkle. It's too bad that it won't look this wav

five minutes after you get back.'

The letter we had from Wilson before you left was a conv nf nr.

all That hfhJ 911 ' d r? y ° U ren r b6r? 1 think he has said t0 MeeW

He still ^L? 8 , 8 ? US * A J etter came from Meehean this morning.

7 7 S ° n 18 Wr ° nS * 1 told Mr ‘ Shoemaker to wit* them all

write them whfn she “t back.^ *** steno S ra P her was away, and he would
fortv thi n^* m ^*^ eaV ^ n f afternoon, and I am breaking my neck to got

oSS he t°r the " 1 ° 6e ' 1 ^ 1 ooxw leave this oditl

by the tisne Tro TO n«, S lu!t at h 0n ; f!?™* W t0 “ eue han E in 6 out

y e ^ime i go. I’m | ust about lathering at the mouth now!

lier in the^summer) ms °o verl lit °e veni^ ** Wh^n 1 ? 11 fj; S ^ erS W9re here ear “

ho me and got’the. and'hro„ E it tC baoT E lot°e °l H9 ’ r '’ nt

to the grounds, and three" sets of aLission^ te -^ ns three admissions

and his family EO t a lot of art™-! fissions to several concessions. He

bus ±kxt fare 7 to New York l ^ 10 " tickets which were included in their
abie to use a° ££? ^ 1 " tU b8

-tied t I guess you had the hotel Pr y e on your mind Sen you^roS t£?J.

that I am away and that we 'limits rare whenTret bacT ltl jf hi ' 1 l°"Eband
msoh to do to try to answer all today's mil? EOt t0 °

Good luck to you. I hope you keep warm and dry.

Sincerely,

(. -fc .

MILk

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Full text of "Alaska King Crab Investigation, 1940 : correspondence A-M"

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