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C|)e  plantation  in  Wiisittx. 


BELFAST : 
MCAW.    STEVENSON     AND    ORR. 
61,  UPPER  ARTHUR  STREET. 


Zn  ^imoxital  i^ceount 


OF  THE 


PLANTATION  in  ULSTER 

AT  THE 

Commencement  of  tbt  %)et)enteent^  Centutp, 

1 608- 1 620. 


BY   THE 

REV.   GEORGE    HILL, 

m 

Editor  of  T/ie  Montgomery  Manuscripts,  and  Author  of  An  Historical  Account 

of  the  Macdonnells  of  Antrim. 


'  31  f  anp  tberc  t>c  tobici)  are  Desirous  to  tie  strangers  in  tbeir  oton  soile, 
anti  forrainers  in  tfjeir  oton  citie,  tijep  map  so  continue,  anu  tfjerein 
flatter  tfjemselties.  jFor  sucb  like  3i  batie  not  toritten  tfjcse  lines,  not 
ta&en  tftese  paines."— camden. 


laelfast : 

M'CAW,  STEVENSON  &  ORR,  61,  UPPER  ARTHUR  STREET. 


X877 
\AU  rights  nserved.\ 


t>r    \ 


o    . 


-♦.' 


^ 


AUG  4  1919 ' 


Contents. 


Chapter     I.     Ulster  before  the  Plantation, 


•» 


»• 


>f 


«• 


•» 


>» 


»f 


II.  Orders  and  Conditions  of  Plantation, 

III.  The  Project  of  Plantation, 

IV.  Doubts  and  Delays, 

V.  The  Commissioners  of  Plantation  at  Work, 

VI.  Results  and  Arrangements, 

VII.  Grants  and  Grantees, 

VIII.  The  Londoners'  Plantation, 

IX.  Pvnnar's  Survey, 


PAGB. 

I 
60 
90 

117 

191 
•     259 

354 
••     445 


Index, 


59r 


I^reface. 


HE  contents  of  this  volume  may  be  described,  in  general  terms,  as  a  compilation  from 
State  Papers  relating  to  the  movement  which  we  now  familiarly  designate  the 
Plantation  of  Ulster,  Calendars  of  the  Carew  Manuscripts,  and  of  other  equally 
important  collections  of  Irish  State  Papers,  have  recently  brought  to  light  plantation 
records  of  such  value,  variety,  and  extent,  that  the  compiler  was  induced  to  prepare  from  them  a 
connected  narrative  of  the  events  to  which  they,  more  or  less  directly,  refer.  This  narrative,  it 
may  be  stated,  embodies  also  a  large  amount  of  equally  important  materials  derived  from  the 
Patent  Rolls  of  the  period,  the  Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  the  Barony  Maps  of  1609,  and  other 
original,  but  hitherto  comparatively  inaccessible  sources.  The  publication  of  these  numerous 
jxipers  and  documents,  and  especially  of  such  as  have  been  recently  presented  to  the  public 
by  means  of  fairly  and  carefully  prepared  calendars,  is  indeed  an  addition  to  our  historical 
literature  of  inestimable  value. 

Before  the  publication  of  the  Carew  calendars,  there  was  not  much  known  of  the  causes 
leading  to  that  lamentable  struggle  of  seven  years'  duration,  which  commenced  in  1595,  and  closed 
with    the   surrender   of  the   northern   chiefs   in    1602.       The   preceding   events   had   remain< 
provokingly   hazy,   if  not    indeed  mysterious,  for  it   was  well  known   that   during   many   years 
before  1588  the  English  rule  became  rather  popular  than  otherwise  in  the  North,  and  that  Shane 
O'Neill  was  finally  defeated,  in  1567,  by  the  O'Donnells  rather  than  by  the  government.     Hugh 
O'Neill,  although  eventually  one  of  the  most  formidable  of  his  name,  had  been  educated  in  English 
ideas  and  habits,  serving  loyally  in  English  armies,  first  against  the  Desmonds  of  the  South,  and 
aften^'ards  against  the  Macdonnells  of  the  North.     He  had  repeatedly,  also,  and  of  his  own  free  will, 
renounced  the  title  of  The  O'Neill^  accepting  in  preference  the  dignity  of  an  English  earldom,  and 
restoration  to  the  family  estates  by  royal  grant  rather  than  by  the  sanction  of  Celtic  law.      How, 
then,  did  it  happen,  that  these  friendly  relations  of  full  twenty  years'  standing,  between  the  govern- 
ment and  the  Irish  of  Ulster,  were  so  abruptly  and  utterly  broken  up  ?     By  what  means  did  it 
come  to  pass,  that,  whilst  Shane  O'Neill  found  it  necessar)'  to  force  the  O'Donnells  and  Maguires 
into  the  northern  combination  he  had  formed  against  the  Government,  Hugh  O'Neill,  on  the 
contrary,  required  to  hold  in  check  the  headlong  fury  of  the  entire  northern  population  in  its 
vehemence  for  war  with  the  English  ?     The  reader  will  find  that  certain  very  significant  petitions  and 
remonstrances,  preserved  among  the  Carew  papers,  have  amply  illustrated  this  remarkable  state  of 
affairs.     (See  pp.  38-50).     Camden  might  have  given  us  more  light  on  the  subject  than  he  has 
deigned  to  afford,  for  he  was  actually  writing  Ulster  history  at  the  time  to  which  we  refer,  and  had 
access  to  the  Irish  State  Papers  soon  after  their  receipt  in  London ;  but  he  looked  only  at  one 
side  of  the  great  controversy  then  raging  in  our  northern  province,  and  concocted  his  historical 


11. 


PREFACE. 


dainties  mainly  for  the  gratification  of  English  palates.  In  the  first  or  introductory  chapter  of  this 
volume,  the  reader  has  a  sketch  of  the  events  which  led  to  the  war  with  Hugh  O'Neill,  as  well  as 
of  the  early  history  of  the  great  Ulster  families  afterwards  dispossessed 

Since  the  printing  of  these  plantation  papers,  there  can  exist  no  longer  any  doubt,  or  dispute, 
as  to  the  real  extent  of  the  then  confiscated  lands  in  Ulster.  The  six  counties  of  Armagh,  Tyrone, 
Coleraine,  Donegal,  Fermanagh,  and  Cavan,  contain  about  3,798,000  statute  acres,  all  of  which 
escheated  or  fell  to  the  Crown,  and  were  thus  made  available  for  the  several  purposes  of  plantation. 
Such  portions  of  these  six  counties  as  could  not  be  included  in  the  attainder  of  the  fugitive  earls 
of  Tyrone  and  Tyrconnell,  or  in  that  of  their  immediate  adherents  who  went  with  them  into  exile, 
were  claimed  for  the  King  through  an  act  of  parliament  known  as  the  nth  of  Elizabeth,  which  act 
had  not  been  repealed,  nor  even  modified,  in  reference  to  the  several  territories  wherein  it  was  now 
specially  required  to  operate.  It  was  with  more  than  ordinary  gratification,  therefore,  that  Sir  John 
Davys,  the  Attorney-General  for  Ireland,  and  the  highest  authority,  perhaps,  on  questions  of  title 
to  land,  wrote  to  his  patron,  Salisbury,  from  the  vicinity  of  Coleraine,  on  the  5th  of  August,  1608, 
in  the  following  terms: — "They  [the  commissioners  of  survey]  hope  before  Michaelmas  to  present 
a  perfect  survey  of  six  several  counties,  which  the  King  has  now  in  demesne  and  actual  possession^ 
in  this  province ;  which  is  a  greater  extent  of  land  than  any  prince  in  Europe  has  to  dispose  of,  the 
disposition  whereof  by  plantation  of  colonies  is  a  matter  of  great  consideration,  wherein  it  is  not 
easy  to  lay  down  a  good  and  sure  project."  Whilst  this  fact,  then,  about  the  extent  of  the  confis- 
cation, could  not  be  more  clearly  stated  in  words,  nor  on  higher  authority,  we  have  it  actually 
demonstrated  QXi  the  barony  maps  of  1609,  which  show  how  the  lands  were  laid  out  for  the  several 
plantation  purposes,  but  do  not  indicate  lands  remaining  for  any  other  purposes  whatever.  That 
vast  area,  therefore,  of  nearly  four  millions  of  statute  acres,  was  parcelled  out  to  British  under- 
takers, London  citizens,  English  servitors  in  Ireland,  Protestant  bishops  and  incumbents,  corporate 
towns,  forts,  free  schools,  the  college  then  recently  established  at  Dublin,  and  certain  native 
inhabitants  of  the  province — for  even  the  little  shreds  given  to  them,  were  given  from  the 
confiscated  lands,  and  specially  for  plantation  purposes. 

With  only  two,  or  perhaps  three  exceptions,  every  native  landlord,  and  every  native  tenant 
within  the  bounds  of  the  six  counties  was  dispossessed  and  displaced  ;  and  although  a  few  of  both 
classes  were  afterwards  permitted  to  share  slightly  in  the  great  land-spoil,  it  was  only  in  some  other 
and  less  attractive  localities  than  their  own  (i).     In  other  words,  such  natives  as  succeeded  in 


(i).  Their  (nun, — The  only  two  families  not  displaced 
(though  dispossessed  by  the  nth  of  Elizabeth)  were  those 
of  Sir  Tirlagh  McIIcnry  O'Neill  of  the  Fews,  and  Sir 
Henry  Oge  O'Neill,  whose  lands  lay  on  both  sides  of  the 
Black  water.  These  Irish  lords,  the  former  of  whom  was 
the  Earl  of  Tyrone's  half-brother,  and  the  latter  his  son- 
in-law,  had  joined  him  against  the  government  in  1595, 
but  deserted  him  in  1598,  hoping  to  receive  grants  from 
the  crown  of  the  estates  which  they  had  previously  held 
under  him  [Tyrone]  as  the  head  landlord.  But  their 
arrangement  with  the  government  of  Queen  Elizabeth 
was  made  many  years  before  the  plantation,  and  was  a 


merely  nominal  affair,  which  could  have  been  set  aside  at 
any  time  simply  on  the  grounds  of  its  illegality,  the  Act 
known  as  the  nth  of  Elizabeth  by  which  these  and  other 
lands  in  Ulster  had  been  confiscated  still  remaining  io 
force.  The  grants  in  both  cases  required  afterwards  to 
be  made  legal,  but  this  was  done  in  return  for  their  sur- 
render to  the  government,  and  not  because  of  any  subse- 
quent conditions.  One  other  Irish  gentleman,  named 
Mulmorie,  son  of  Hugh  Connelagh  O'Reilly,  was  not 
displaced,  though  dispossessed  by  the  plantation.  His 
case,  however,  was  quite  exceptional,  and  the  fact  of  his 
happening,  in  1610,  to  get  a  grant  of  at  least  a  part  of 


PREFACE. 


111. 


obtaining  small  grants  were  not  permitted  to  remain  on  the  lands  they  had  previously  occupied, 

nor  even  anywhere  in'their  native  districts,  but  were  dismissed  into  certain  baronies  set  apart  for 

them,  and  proverbially  known  as  the  most  barren  in  the  respective  counties  to  which  they  belonged. 

A  few  servitors,  or  military  men,  were  located  in  each  of  such  baronies,  to  watch  and  overawe  the 

native  grantees ;  but,  as  a  matter  of  course,  the  servitors^  grants  included  whatever  good  lands 

could  be  found  in  the  several  bleak  and  rugged  districts  referred  to.     The  reader  will  find  these 

baronies  distinctly  specified  in  the  plantation  papers ;  and,   indeed,  they  may  be  but  too  easily 

discovered  on  the  otherwise  fair  face  of  Ulster,  by  their  comparative  sterility  even  at  the  present 

day.     But  whether  the  lands  thus  given  to  natives  were  good,  bad,  or  indifferent,  the  servitors,  in 

numerous  instances,  soon  became  their  owners,  and  especially  where  such  lands  were  granted  in 

tolerably  large  quantities  to  natives  of  rank.     Indeed,  to  make  sure  of  this  result  in  certain  desirable 

cases,  the  servitors  got  grants  of  the  natives*  lands  in  reversion,  and  entered  into  possession  at  the  deaths 

of  the  latter,  whilst  the  rightful  heirs,  generally  children  of  high  rank,  were  thus  left  destitute  (2). 


the  estate  he  had  previously  owned,  is  mentioned  by 
Carew,  in  161 1,  as  evidently  a  remarkable  coincidence. 
See  p.  460,  note  33. 

(2).  Z^  destitute. — The  sons  of  these  families  thus 
tamed  adrift,  and  of  many  other  families  of  the  same 
rank,  and  placed  in  the  same  unhappy  position  'of  out- 
casts on  their  own  soil,  took  refuge  in  the  woods,  par- 
ticularly of  Armagh  and  Tyrone,  and  in  certain  fastnesses 
between  Tyrone  and  Londonderry,  where  they  lived  by 
lerying  black-mail  on  the  British  settlers  all  around.  To 
secure  the  extermination  of  these  plunderers,  who  were 
l^erally  designated  woodkenie,  the  government  was 
obliged,  during  many  years,  to  place  large  forces  under 
the  command  of  numerous  provost-marshals,  and  also  to 
bribe  native  criminals  by  promises  of  pardon,  and  other- 
y^isci  to  betray  and  destroy  the  woodkeme  by  every  means 
a»  their  power.  By  these  agencies  there  was  a  systematic 
bavoc  made  among  the  sons  of  the  Ulster  gentry,  the 
innocent  often  suffering,  because  at  times  seen  to  associate 
^^  brothers,  or  other  kinsmen,  who  were  known  as 
'oodkeme.  It  was  felt  that  the  sooner  these  gentry 
(*Jjohad  now  no  means  of  support)  could  be  got  rid  of,  the 
'**^'^-  Sir  Oliver  St.  John,  created  Viscount  Grandison, 
^  appointed  to  succeed  Sir  Arthur  Chichester  as  lord 
Jp°^  of  Ireland,  mentions  in  a  letter  of  the  29th  of 
S^tember,  1619,  that  by  the  agency  of  natives,  soldiers, 
*J^  provost-marshals,  employed  by  him  for  the  purpose 
*bove  named,  he  [St.  John]  had  destroyed  in  three 
y^  300  of  the  idle  sons  of  gentlemen,  who  had  no 
J^ttns  of  livelihood  but  by  spoiling  the  planters.  But 
JJI^ough  St.  John,  from  the  time  of  his  appointment  as 
jora  deputy  in  1615,  had  thus  done  pretty  extensive  work 
™  the  way  of  extermination,  he  was  forced  to  admit  that 
w  Woodkeme  were  literally  'irrepressible.  *  **Yet,  it  is 
Y^"  says  he,  in  the  letter  to  the  council  in  London 
T^y  mentioned,  "that  when  one  sort  is  cut  off,  others 
*"*  in  their  places,  for  the  countries  are  so  full  of  the 
y^ljDger  sons  of  gentry  who  have  no  means  of  living  and 
'^^  not  work,  that  when  they  are  sought  for  to  be 
I^'^ed  for  disorders  they  commit  in  their  idleness,  they 
^  to  the  woods  to  maintain  themselves  by  the  spoil 
«  the  quiet  subjects,"    The  same  class  of  gentlemen- 


woodkeme,  it  would  apf)ear,  were  then  troubling  the 
other  plantations,  south,  east,  and  west,  and  the  grim 
deputy  saw  no  remedy  for  the  evil  until  a  round  number 
of  them — say  ten  thousand — could  be  removed  from 
Ireland,  and  so  disposed  of  that  they  might  be  slain  in 
foreign  wars.  **If  I  might  have  an  opinion,"  says  he, 
meekly,  when  closing  his  letter  to  the  council,  *'I  think 
it  would  be  an  ease  to  the  kingdom  if  some  foreign 
Princes  were  to  draw  10,000  of  them  to  a  war  abroad." 
(MS.  State  Papers,  vol.  235,  No.  60).  This  stem  policy 
was  always  adopted,  when  possible,  to  save  the  applica- 
tion, of  still  sterner  means,  although  St.  John  acknow- 
ledged, when  speaking  of  certain  woodkeme  then  in 
prison,  that  he  had  **not  heard  any  greater  hurt  they 
have  done  than  to  steal  victuals  to  fill  their  bellies.  * 
This  lamentable  state  of  affairs  went  on  for  many  years, 
presenting  at  times  curious  phases,  as  differing  circum- 
stances tended  either  to  discourage  the  woodkeme,  or,  on 
the  other  hand,  to  render  them  bolder  in  their  movements. 
The  government,  however,  could  always  keep  them  pretty 
well  in  check  by  seizing  their  relatives  when  necessary, 
and  threatening  destruction  to  the  latter  by  way  of  retali- 
ation. The  following  letter,  from  a  succeeding  lord  deputy 
[Falkland],  to  the  council  in  London,  may  be  quoted  as 
an  illustration: — "Your  Lordships  have  heard  that  cer- 
tain of  the  O^Neales,  being  four  in  number,  surprised  the 
person  of  one  Sir  Benjamin  Thomborough,  as  he  rode 
(more  carelessly  than  he  should)  not  far  from  Armagh, 
and  carried,  him  away  to  the  woods.  From  thence -they 
caused  him  to  write  to  me,  the  deputy,  how  it  stood  with 
him,  and  that  in  a  few  days  they  would  execute  him  if  I 
did  not  consent  to  protect  them  until  they  procured  their 
pardon  for  some  offences  objected  against  them,  which, 
indeed,  were  not  heinous,  yet  such  as  made  them  doubt- 
ful of  their  safety,  and,  therefore,  to  stand  upon  their 
guard.  Of  him  [Thomborough]  we  had  compassion, 
and  presently  provided  for  the  apprehension  of  the  parents 
and  other  friends,  giving  out  that  they  should  all  die  if 
Thomborough  perished,  but  his  Majesty's  honour  so  over- 
swayed  all  further  respects  of  the  particular  of  Thom- 
borough, as  I,  the  deputy,  gave  sufficient  order  for 
prosecution  of  those  insolent  malefactors,  if  they  should 


IV. 


PREFACE. 


The  vast  "majority  of  the  natives,  however,  who  were  dispossessed  but  drd  not  obtain  any  small 
grants  in  freehold,  were  obliged  to  rent  holdings  as  they  best  could,  some  on  the  servitors'  estates, 
others  on  the  bishops*  herenagh  and  termon  lands,  aod  not  a  few  on  the  Londoners*  wide  posses- 
sions. The  Government  encouraged  (it  did  not  see  its  way  to  compel)  the  servitors,  bishops, 
and  Londoners,  to  plant  their  lands  with  British  tenants,  but  the  servitors,  bishops,  and  Londoners 
greatly  preferred  Irish  tenants,  who  willingly  paid  higher  rents  and  gave  less  trouble  than  the 
others  (3). 


omit  to  deliver  the  gentleman,  or  not  submit  absolutely 
(and  without  condition  for  pardon  or  protection,  and 
that  with  halters  about  their  necks),  to  the  mercy  of  his 
Majesty.  And  the  effects  are  that,  finding  their  friends 
thus  apprehended,  and  that  a  resolution  was  taken  for 
their  pursuit,  they  not  only  set  Thomborough  free,  but 
have  put  themselves  upon  the  mercy  of  the  King,  and 
yesterday  made  their  submission,  with  halters  about 
their  necks,  being  contented,  besides,  to  go  to  foreign 
parts  in  the  nature  of  a  banishment  for  seven  years, 
unless  they  be  well  warranted  by  licence  to  return  in  the 
meantime.  Dublin  Castle,  25  April,  1623."  (MS. 
State  Papers^  vol.  237,  No.  23).  In  the  spring  of  the 
next  year  [1624],  Sir  Francis  Annesley  wrote  to  Sir 
Edward  Conway,  the  English  secretary,  as  follows: — 
"There  are  now  30  or  40  rebels,  well-armed,  in  two 
several  parties  in  the  counties  of  Tyrone  and  Londonderry, 
who  have  taken  divers  prisoners,  and  have  committed 
many  thefts  and  robberies  upon  the  good  subjects ;  and 
one  company  of  them  lately  took  a  prisoner  from  a  con- 
stable and  7  or  8  others,  who  were  conducting  him  to  the 
assizes  of  Tyrone  to  be  tried  there,  and  in  doing  thereof 
they  cruelly  murdered  the  constable,  and  carried  the 
delinquent  into  the  woods  with  them.  All  this  is  a  trifle 
to  speak  of  in  this  kingdom,  where  there  are  now  many 
others  in  several  counties  upon  their  keeping  (as  we  call 
it  here),  yet  because  of  a  sudden  they  appear  bolder  than 
they  have  done  for  a  long  time,  we  infer  that  it  is  fit  to 
look  to  them  betimes.  Dublin,  27  March,  1624."  (See 
PP-  349*353)'  0"c  of  the  most  ruthless  and  brutal  of 
the  Ulster  provost -marshals,  in  dealing  with  these  hapless 
sons  of  the  native  gentry,  was  Sir  Moses  Hill,  then  of 
Stranmillis,  near  Belfast. 

(3).  The  others. — The  late  Dr.  Reid,  in  his  History  of 
the  Presbyterian  Churchy  vol  i.,  p.  86,  supposes  that  the 
area  of  the  six  escheated  counties  compnses  above  two 
millions  of  acres,  without  stating  whether  Irish  or  statute 
measure.  Probably,  however,  he  meant  the  former  ;  but 
even  if  so,  the  six  counties  contain  at  least  2,990,cxx)  Irish 
acres.  Of  this  quantity— whatever  may  have  been  its 
precise  amount — he  amrms  that  only  400,000  acres 
were  confiscated,  leaving  a  remainder,  as  he  states,  of  a 
million  and  a  half  unconfiscated.  Dr.  Keid  came  to 
this  conclusion  as  to  the  extent  of  the  confiscated  land 
from  a  carefiil  examination  of  Pynnar's  *  Survey* ;  but  he 
overlooked  the  fact  that  Pynnar  only  specified  the  amount  of 
arable  or  '  profitable'  land  supposed  to  be  comprised  in  the 
grants  for  the  several  plantation  purposes,  which  amount  of 
400,000  acres  constitutes,  on  an  average  of  the  six  connties, 
about  one  ninth  part  of  their  whole  area.  "The  remaining- 
million  and  a  half  of  acres,"  he  adds,  "  comprised  not  only 


the  unprofitable  lands,  but  also  large  tracts  of  cotmtiy 
held  by  the  native  proprietors  who,  either  being  not  im- 
plicated in  the  revolt  of  1607,  or  having  made  timely 
submission,  were  unmolested  in  their  estates."  It  hap- 
pens, however,  unfortunately  for  Dr.  Reid's  arrangement 
that  the  unprofitable  lands  were  confiscated  as  well  as 
the  profitable,  and  thrown  into  the  adjoining  proportions 
of  undertakers  rent-free — that  there  was  no  revolt  in  1607 
— and  that  if  O'Dogherty's  revolt  of  1608  be  intended,  it 
could  have  had  no  influence  on  the  standii\g  or  position  of 
the  two  *  native  proprietors,*  Sir  Tirla^h  McHenry  and  Sir 
Henry  Oge  above  named,  as  they  were  m  no  way  impUcated 
therein,  and  did  not,  therefore,  require  to  make  'a  timely 
submission. *  The  confusion  about  'native  proprietors*  has 
arisen  in  part  from  the  fact  that  several  Irish  gentlemen, 
who  had  remained  quiescent,  or  had  assisted  the  Govern- 
ment during  O'Doherty's  revolt,  got  each  as  his  reward 
the  rents  paid  for  the  grass  of  a  certain  number  of  cows, 
less  or  more,  according  to  their  several  deserts,  and 
generally  for  a  period  of  two  years,  or  from  the  summer 
of  1608,  until  the  same  date  in  1610  (pp.  249-251). 
Another  fact  also  must  have  had  something  to  do  in 
creating  the  confusion  about '  native  proprietors,*  namely, 
that  on  the  flight  of  the  earls,  their  lands  in  the  counties 
of  Tyrone,  Armagh,  Coleraine,  and  Donegal  were  let  by 
the  government  to  native  gentlemen,  who  had  been  no 
doubt  'proprietors,*  but  who  were  then  only  admitted  as 
yearly  tenants,  from  November,  1607,  until  the  autumn 
of  1 610,  when  the  lands  which  they  thus  temi>orarily  held 
were  distributed  amongst  British  undertakers  (see  pp. 
239-241).  Dr.  Reid  fiuther  ventures  to  apportion  his 
400,000  acres  of  confiscated  lands  as  follows: — "I  find 
that  of  the  400,000  forfeited  acres,  100,000  were  granted 
for  church,  school,  and  corporation  lands,  above  60^000 
were  granted  to  the  native  Irish,  and  the  rematnii^ 
240,000  were  disposed  of  to  British  undertakers  or 
colonists,  the  majority  of  whose  tenants  were  also  Irish, 
the  original  inhabitants  of  Ulster.**  Unfortunately  for 
this  second  arrangement,  so  easily  made  by  Dr.  Reid,  he 
happens  to  have  altogether  omitted  in  his  enumeration  of 
plantation  purposes,  three  very  important  ones,  to  wit, 
the  lands  which  were  set  apart  for  servitors,  for  the 
college  at  Dublin,  and  for  the  Ulster  forts,  foigetting 
also  that  British  undertakers  or  'colonists*  were  strictly 
prohibited  from  accepting  any  Irish  tenants,  however 
much  they  wished  to  do  so.  The  coU^e  at  Dublin  alone 
got  of  the  escheated  lands  nearly  as  much  as  Dr.  Reid 
has  distributed  to  the  church,  the  free  schools,  and  the 
corporate  towns  of  the  whole  six  counties  ! 

Mr.  Froude,  when  discussing  this  Ulster  Plantation,  fol- 
lows closely,  although  as  if  at  times  impatiently,  in  the  wake 


PREFACE. 


V. 


Readers  are  to  observe,  that  although  the  plantation  arrangements  took  for  granted  the 

confiscation  of  the  six  entire  counties,  and  were  carried  out  only  on  this  basis,  the  plantation 

papers  are  found,  as  a  general  rule,  to  record  very  much  smaller  quantities  of  land  than  those 

really  appropriated  to  the  several  purposes  already  mentioned    The  papers,  indeed,  only  profess  to 

specify  the  amount  of  arable  lands  supposed  to  be  conveyed  in  each  grant,  but  it  is  notorious  that 

the  real  quantities  even  of  such  lands,  whether  given  to  individual  grantees,  or  for  public  uses, 

must  have  been  in  many  instances  very  much  understated.     The  great  discrepancies,  however, 

between  the  quantities  expressed  in  these  plantation  grants  and  the  quantities  actually  conveyed, 

are  accounted  for  principally  by  the  fact  that  into  very  many  proportions  were  thrown  large  sweeps 

of  what  was  called  'unprofitable'  land,  but  which  was  soon  afterwards  acknowledged  by  the  grantees 

to  be  very  profitable  as  pasturage,  although  not  exactly  coming  under  the  definition  of  'arable.' 

These  discrepancies  also,  in  some  measure,  are  traceable  to  the  hasty  and  imperfect  surveys  made  in 

1608  and  1609  (see  pp.  67,  118,  122,  123),  to  say  nothing  of  occasionally  corrupt  manipulation 

on  the  part  of  the  surveyor-general.     (See  p.  154).     But  from  whatever  causes,  the  fact  was  too 

flagrant  to  be  long  overlooked,  and  was  acknowledged  by  the  owners  themselves  in  the  succeeding 

leign.    A  memorable  admission  was  made  on  this  point,  at  an  early  period,  even  by  the  Londoners. 

On  taking  possession  of  their  vast  territory  in  161 1,  they  admitted  that,  almost  at  the  threshold  of 

their  entrance  therein,  they  had  stumbled  on  two  'proportions'  which  were  passed  by  the  survey  as 

2,500  acres,  but  which,  in  reality,  comprised  at  least  10,000  acres  !     (See  p.  421).     It  does  not 

appear  that  any  similar  admissions  were  afterwards  made  by  the  same  party,  but  it  is  a  well-known 

fett  that  the  lands  handed  over  to  the  several  London  companies  were,  on  an  average,  at  least 

•even  times  the  amount  popularly  supposed  to  have  been  conveyed  in  their  charter.     And,  as  to 

tiw  case  of  undertakers  in  the  other  five  counties,  the  understatement  of  the  actual  quantities 

conveyed  appears  to  have  been  even  more  decided.     When  Wentworth,  in  1633,  began  to  look 

"^rrowly  into  their  patents,  he  discovered  certain  very  tangible  arguments  for  squeezing  them 

P^  tightiy  in  favour  of  the  King.     He  found,  in  fact,  that  the  patents,  as  a  general  rule,  did 

oot  express  more  than  the  tenth  part  of  the  lands  actually  possessed  by  the  patentees  !    When 

writing  to  Coke  triumphantly  about  this  discovery,  the  zealous  lord  deputy  afl5rms  that  in  Ulster, 

**  in  plantations  elsewhere,  the  Crown  "  had  sustained  Shameful  Injury,  by  passing  in  truth  ten 


^Dr.  Reid.   His  statement  is,  perhaps,  more  graphic  than 

^  of  his  precursor,  although  equally  gratuitous  and  unre- 

liiWc  "  The  six  escheated  counties, "  says  Mr.  F. ,  **  con- 

^*io^in  all  two  miUion  acres.     Of  these  a  miUion  and  a 

^  bog,  forest,  and  moimtain,  were  restored  to  the  Irish. 

7^  half  million  acres  of  fertile  lands  were  settled  with 

fiaiilicsof  Scotch  and  English  Protestants."    (See  The 

EngHsk  in  Ireland^  vol.  i.,  p.  69.)    This,  to  be  sure, 

V  an  easy  and  popular  style  of  managing   a   knotty 

foodon;  but,   in  the  present  instance,  it  is  something 

VOTK  than  ludicrous.     On  what  possible  grounds  could 

Kr.  F.  assert  that  a  miUion  and  a  half  of  acres  were  re- 

itored  to  the  Irish  ?    Could  he  not  have  explained,  in  one 

or  two'  eloquent  sentences,  how  the  Irish  appropriated 

tiia  vast  and  veiy  imexpected  gift,  or  why  there  should 


have  been  so  much  care,  and  outlay,  and  anxiety,  on  the 
part  of  the  government  to  secure  the  escheat  or  fall  of 
the  whole  six  counties  to  the  crown  ?  Was  this  pon- 
derous and  difficult  job  done  from  the  mere  whim  of 
English  statesmen  and  laMryers ;  or,  being  done,  was  it 
as  whimsically  set  aside,  by  the  discovery  that  only  a 
fragment  or  fourth  part  of  the  lands  thus  taken  from  the 
owners  was  worth  holding  ?  Mr.  F.  seems  to  think  that  the 
fertile  land  for  Scotch  and  English  Protestants  was  included 
in  a  sort  of  ring-fence,  and  thus  easily  shut  oif  from  the 
bogs,  forests,  and  mountains  of  Ubter.  He  had  not 
heard  that  special  grants,  exclusively  of  the  mountains, 
ai)d  also  of  the  soil  from  which  the  forests  were  being 
cleared,  were  made  to  distinguished  and  fitvoured  Engliw. 
servitors. 


VI. 


PREFACE. 


times  the  Quantities  of  Land  expressed  in  their  Patents J\  (See  Strafford's  Letters  and  Despatches^ 
vol.  i.;  p.  132).  Such  was,  indeed,  the  reckless  style  in  which  the  escheated  lands  were  scattered 
about  to  British  undertakers ;  and,  certainly,  in  a  no  less  lavish  manner  for  British  plantation 
purposes  generally.  Thus,  whilst  *the  college  at  Dublin'  was  represented  by  plantation  documents 
as  obtaining  just  10,000  acres  in  Ulster,  the  real  fact  is  that  *old  Trinity'  owns  96,000  statute  acres 
of  the  escheated  lands  in  the  counties  of  Armagh,  Fermanagh,  and  Donegal.  (See  p.  454).  As 
another  illustration,  it  may  be  stated  that  whilst  plantation  records  give  just  8,282  acres  to 
corporate  to\vns  and  free  schools  conjointly,  the  truth  is  (see  Report  of  Commissioners  on  Endowed 
Schools),  that  the  five  Royal  or  Free  Schools  alone  hold  fragments  of  the  escheated  lands  com- 
prising at  least  20,000  statute  acres.  (4). 


(4).  Statute  acres, — It  may  be  mentioned,  in  passing, 
that  the  Rev.  Dr.  Killen  of  Belfast,  also  makes  a  little 
excursion  into  the  Plantation  of  Ulster,  and  that  he,  too, 
loses  himself  amid  its  labyrinthian  windings,  although 
under  the  immediate  guidance  of  Dr.  Reid  on  the  one 
hand,  and  "the  learned  Dr.  O'Conor,  himself  a  Roman 
Catholic,"  on  the  other.  In  other  words,  Dr.  Killen 
has  simply  rendered  the  confusion  of  the  other  two 
doctors  'worse  confounded.*     What,  for  example,  is  the 

Srecise  meaning  of  the  following  announcement  by  Dr. 
Lillen  : — "The  counties  to  which  the  confiscated  estates 
belonged  were  amongst  the  smallest  or  the  most  thinly 
populated  in  the  province ;  and  the  lands  planted  with 
English  and  Scottish  settlers  did  not  amount  to  one 
fourth  of  their  area.  The  Plantation,  therefore,  properly 
so  called,  extended  only  over  a  mere  fraction  of  the  north 
of  Ireland."  Can  it  be,  that  by  *the  estates*  Dr.  Killen 
means  the  lands  owned  by  the  two  fugitive  earls  of 
Tyrone  and  Tyrconnell,  and  that  he  thinks  these  were 
the  only  lands  confiscated  ?  If  so,  we  can  comprehend 
his  meaning,  at  least  to  some  extent,  for  the  earls*  lands 
lay  in  the  three  counties  of  Armagh,  Tyrone,  and  Done- 
gsd,  one  of  which  is  small,  and  another  thinly  peopled ; 
but  is  Dr.  Killen  not  aware  that  the  ^estates*  also  of  the 
O'Hanlons,  the  O'Cahans,  the  0*Doghertys,  the  Maguires, 
and  the  O'Reillys,  were  all  confiscated,  and  that  these 
'©states,*  with  the  lands  of  the  two  earls  aforesaid,  com- 
prised the  whole  six  counties  of  Armagh,  Tyrone, 
Coleraine,  Donegal,  Fermanagh,  and  Cavan  ?  "The 
Plantation,  properly  so  called,  *  included,  we  suppose, 
the  lands  appropriated  to  plantation  purposes  ,  and  if 
nearly  four  millions  of  statute  acres  constituted  "only  a 
mere  fraction  of  the  north  of  Ireland,'*  then  it  follows 
that  the  north  of  Ireland,  or  Ulster,  must  be  a  much 
more  extensive  region  than  has  been  hitherto  generally 
imagined.  Whilst  Dr.  Killen  apparently  endorses  Dr. 
Reid's  statements,  even  including  "  the  revolt  of  1607,*'  he 
wisely  abstains  from  any  details  as  to  the  location  of  the  dis- 
placed multitudes,  or  thedisposal  of  themillion  and  half  acres 
alleged  by  Dr.  Reid  to  have  been  'unmolested,  *  and  by  Mr. 
Froude  to  have  been  given  back  to  the  natives.  Dr. 
Killen  evidently  attaches  much  importance  to  the  three 
cases  mentioned  by  Dr.  O'Conor,  of  Roman  Catholic 
landowners  being  permitted  to  hold  on,  even  after  the 
plantation  arrangements  had  been  introduced.  But  these 
are  not  cases  in  point,  *and  do  not  affect  the  question 
rdating  to  the  general  dispossession  and  displacement  of 


the  natives.     One  of  these  cases,   namely,   that  of  Sir 
Henry  Oge  O'Neill  (Sir  Fclim  Roe  O'NeUl's  grandfather), 
has  been  already  referred  to  and  explained  in  a  preceding 
note.     It  may  be  added  here,  however,  that  although  Sir 
Henry  Oge,  and  his  eldest  son  Tirlagh,  were  both  slain 
at  the  same  time  whilst  assisting  the  government  to  put 
-down  Sir  Cahir  0*Dogherty*s  revolt,  only  a  portion  of 
his  lands  were  given  to  his  heir.  Sir  Felim,  son  of  Tirlagh, 
whilst  the  greater  part  was  distributed  among  Sir  Henry 
Oge's  brothers  and  younger  sons, — Chichester,  on  thmt 
occasion,  adopting  the  provisions  of  the  Celtic  law,  and 
abandoning  the  feudal  law  of  primogeniture,  from  a  fear 
lest  one  or  other  of  the  claimants  might  give  him  trouble 
by   drawing  together  a   party  against   the  government. 
(See  pp.   96,   318,  319).      The  case  of  Lord   Audley, 
created  Earl  of  Castlehaven,  is  quite  beside  the  question. 
He  was  not  a  native^  but  an  Englishman,  and,  although 
a  Ron  an  Catholic,  he  recommended  himself  immensely — 
to  the  king  by  his  zeal  as  an  Ulster  planter.     He  pro^— 
posed  to  undertake  no  less  than  100,000  acres  of  th^s 
lands  from  which  his  co-religionists  had  been  driven,  an^^ 
to  build  thereon  no  fewer  than  33  towns.     (See  pp.  7< 
135,  136).     The  proposal  threw  the    king  into  ecstaci< 
of  delight,    but  was  simply   ridiculous,  considering  ol 
Audlcy  s  slender  means,  and  his  very  unfavourable  anL< 
cedents  as  a  planter  in  Munster.     He  was  father- in-la^ 
however,  to  Sir  John  Davys,  the  Attorney-General, 
through  his  influence,  no  doubt,  Audley  got  two  proi 
tions  for  himself  and  one  for  each  of  his  two  sons,  wL.^ 
neither  he  nor  they  were  able  to  manage.     The  third 
viz. ,  that  of  Connor  Roe  Maguire,  can  never  fairly  be  quoce< 
but  as  an  illustration  of  heartless  ingratitude  and  inju&tioc 
on   the   part   of    the   government.      This    Ubter   aof>J« 
always  opposed  the  Earl  of  Tyrone,  and  served  actualljr 
against  him  throughout  the  whole  period  of  the  ser^n 
years*  war.     On  the  fall  of  his  rebel  cousin.  Sir  Hi^li 
Maguire,   at   an   early   period    in   that   struggle,   Qoe^m 
Elizabeth  gave  Connor  Roe  a  grant  of  the  entire  counC^ 
of  Fermanagh  as  a  reward  for  his  loyalty,  and  to  tli« 
exclusion  of  the  son  and  younger  brothers  of  the  fkltenchier^ 
This  came  to  be  considered,  however,  as  rather  a  higb* 
handed  exercise  of  the  royal  power,  and  on  the  access     ^ 
of  'j^mes  I. ,  Connor  Roc  was  induced  to  surrender 
grant  of  the  whole  six  baronies  of  Fermanagh,  on 
promise  of  the  king  that   he  should  certainly  htvt  ^ 
re-grant  of  three  baronies.      But,    when  the  p]antati<y^ 
was  determined   on,  Connor  Roe,  through  Chidiester*^ 


PREFACE. 


VII. 


From  occasional  glimpses  at  the  general  condition  of  Ulster  in  the  seventeenth  century,  as 

given  in  these  plantation  records,  the  reader  will  probably  infer  that  our  northern  province  must 

bave  had  certain  rare  attractions  for  British   settlers.      Among  the   descendants  of  the  latter, 

bowevel-,  it  has  been  a  cherished  faith  that  our  worthy  ancestors  came  here  to  find  homes  only 

in  a  howling  wilderness,  or  rather,  perhaps,  in  a  dreary  and  terrible  region  of  muirland  and  morass. 

We  very  generally  overlook  the  feet,  that  the  shrewd  and  needy  people  whom  we  call  our  forefathers, 

and  who  dwelt  north  and  south  of  the  Tweed,  would  have  had  neither  time  nor  inclination  to  look 

towards  the  shores  of  Ulster  at  all,  had  there  been  here  no  objects  sufficiently  attractive,  such  as 

green  fields,  rich  straths,  beauteous  valleys,  and  herds  of  Irish  cattle  adorning  the  hill-sides.     But  such 

was,  indeed,  the  simple  truth.      The  glowing  account  of  Fermanagh,  for  example,  from  the  facile  and 

graphic  pen  of  Sir  John  Davys,  would  have  been  at  least  equally  if  not  more  appropriate  as  a 

description  of  Ulster  in  general ;  for  although  few  of  our  northern  counties  are  so  picturesque 

as  the  one  thus  selected  by  him  for  special  admiration,  there  are  several  more  fertile  and  productive. 

"We  have  now,"  said  he,  when  writing  to  Salisbury,  "finished  [their  work  as  plantation  commis- 

sianers]  in  Fermanagh,  which  is  so  pleasant  and  fruitful  a  country,  that  if  I  should  make  a  full 

description  thereof  it  would  rather  be  taken  for  a  poetical  fiction  than  for  a  true  and  serious 

narrative."     (See  p.  182.)     Even  the  great  and  learned  Chancellor  Bacon  himself  could  not  afford 

to  overlook  a  theme  so  touching  to  Englishmen  as  this  Ulster  plantation,  and  when  it  suited  his 

argument,  or  served  to  glorify  the  King,  he  could  grow  eloquent  on  the  subject  of  woods,  rivers, 

ports,  quarries,  fishings,  and  all  other  Irish  sources  of  wealth,  summing  up  with  the  announcement 

tiiat  "it  is  not  easy,  no,  not  upon  the  continent,  to  find  such  confluence  of  commodities."     (See  pp. 

152,  133.)      But,  perhaps,  even  a  more  persuasive  witness  on  this  point  than  either  Davys  or 

Bacon,  was   Susan   Montgomery,    who  came    with    her    husband — the   bishop — to   Ulster,   on 

liis  appointment  to  the  three  dioceses  of  Deny,  Clogher,  and  Raphoe.     On  first  hearing  of  her 

liusband's  good  fortune,  she  wrote  to  her  sister  from  the  lovely  little  rectory  of  Chedsey  or  Chedzoy, 

^  Somersetshire,  as   follows: — "The  King  has  bestowed  on  him  three  Irish  bishopricks;  the 

^^anies  of  them  I  cannot  remember,  they  are  so  straunge,  except  one  which  is  Derye.     I  pray 

^iod  it  may  make  us  all  merye."      This  really  good  and  amiable  lady  appears  to  have  had  some 

presentiment  of  troubles  before  her,  but  wished  to  make  light  of  her  own,  and  her  sister's  anxieties 

OQ  the  subject,  by  concluding  her  letter  with  the  quaint  little  device  of  ending  with  the  word 

®ttye,'  evidently  to  rhyme  with  *  Derye.*      She  appears  to  have  been  free  from  that  unworthy 

prejudice    and   suspicion  then   so  generally   cherished   in   English    society    against    everything 


J?^  was  shoved  into  a  corner  of  one  barony,  and 
•placed  from  his  ancestral  residence  of  Castleskeagh  to 
■**«  room  for  a  very  worthless  but  influential  Scottish 
"^^otaker,  named  Michael  Balfour  Lord  Burleigh  (see 
PP*  6i»  109).  Another  of  Dr.  Killen's  statements  is,  per- 
"^  to  say  the  least,  rather  indefinite  also,  and  has 
5*Qal  reference  to  the  Londoners*  plantation  in  northern 
J^r.  "The  corporation  of  the  city  of  London,"  says 
^  "obtained  p>ossession  of  a  large  part  of  what  had  been 
c^  the  county  of  Coleraine,  but  which  was  now  named 


after  its  new  proprietors,  the  county  of  Londonderry."  Dr. 
Killen  appears  to  be  thus  actually  under  the  impression  that 
the  Londoners'  grant  included  only  apartol  the  old  county 
of  Coleraine,  whereas  the  present  county  of  Londonderry 
contains  not  only  all  the  old  county  of  Coleiaine,  but  also 
the  very  large  barony  of  Loughinsholin,  which  formerly 
belonged  to  Tyrone,  together  with  two  fragments  torn 
from  the  counties  of  Antrim  and  Donegal !  See  Killen's 
EccL  History^  vol.  L,  pp.  482,  483,  485. 


Vlll.  PREFACE. 

Irish.  On  her  coining  to  Deny  she  must  have  expressed,  without  much  delay  or  circumlocution, 
her  astonishment  at  the  plentiful  supplies  of  all  substantial  creature-comforts  to  be  found  in 
Ulster.  Writing  to  her  sister,  soon  after  her  arrival,  she  makes  the  following  allusion  to  this 
matter: — "I  doute  not,  if  you  weare  here  but  that  you  would  like  of  the^coimtrye  well  enougL 
I  thank  God,  I  like  it  indifferaunt  well  this  far  [thus  far],  and  I  am  made  believe  that  we  shall 
like  it  ever}^e  day  better  than  other.  Wee  have  our  fatte  beefes  and  sheep  brought  in  by  our 
tennants  as  fast  as  we  can  use  them,  and  we  want  [lack]  no  good  companjre,  as  my  cousin 
William  can  show  you,  to  helpe  eat  it  up.  .  .  If  my  cousin  William  doth  dispraise  the  countrye, 
believe  him  not,  for  truly  it  is  a  fine  countrye."  See  Trevelyan  Papers^  part  iil,  pp.  78,  100, 
102. 

We  are  generally  accustomed  to  believe  that  the  Irish  of  Ulster,  in  the  seventeenth  century,  were 
ignorant  of  all  agricultural  pursuits,  including,  of  course,  the  management  of  domesticated  animals. 
Our  plantation  records,  however,  show  us  clearly  enough  that  we  have  been  mistaken  to  a  very 
considerable  extent  in  this  conclusion  also.  Their  knowledge  and  management  in  such  matters 
would  fall  far  short,  to  be  sure,  of  our  present  requirements ;  but,  as  compared  with  their 
neighbours,  whether  English  or  Scottish,  it  is  pretty  evident  that  the  Irish  of  Ulster  only  wanted 
peace  to  enable  them  to  excel  both,  as  agriculturists.  During  the  seven  years'  war  already  referred 
to,  the  native  inhabitants  of  this  province  were  reduced  *to  the  lowest  depths  of  misery  by  the 
systematic  destruction  of  their  cattle  and  growing  crops ;  but  even  in  the  brief  lull  or  interval  of 
peace  that  succeeded,  from  the  spring  of  1602  until  the  autumn  of  1607,  the  recuperative  process 
appears  to  have  been  of  a  very  remarkable  character  indeed.  On  the  flight  of  the  earls  at  the 
latter  date,  Sir  Thomas  Phillips  made]a  journey  from  Coleraine  to  Dungannon,  through  the  wooded 
country  of  Loch-inis-0*Lynn,  or  Loughinsholin,  and  thereupon  wrote  to  Salisbury,  expressing  among 
other  matters,  his  unfeigned  astonishment  at  the  sight  of  so  many  cattle  and  such  abundance 
of  grain  as  he  had  observed  all  along  his  route  from  the  one  town  to  the  other.  This  servitor's 
astonishment  arose  from  the  fact — not  that  the  Irish  were  successful  agriculturalists  under 
favourable  circumstances,  for  that  seems  to  have  been  generally  acknowledged — ^but  that  in  so 
short  an  interval  of  peace  the  district  above  named,  which  had  suffered  such  fearful  havoc  during 
the  war,  should  have  assumed,  as  if  by  some  magical  power,  that  charming  aspect  peculiar  only  to 
a  condition  of  peace  and  plenty.  The  hill-sides  were  literally  covered  with  cattle,  where  creaghting 
went  on,  no  doubt,  in  its  most  attractive  forms ;  the  valleys  were  clothed  in  the  rich  garniture 
of  ripening  barley  and  oats ;  whilst  the  woods  swarmed  with  swine — 20,000  of  these  animals 
being  easily  fattened  yearly  (as  Phillips  himself  afterwards  affirmed)  in  the  forest  of  Glenconkeyne 
alone.  As  an  evidence  of  the  agricultural  tastes  and  achievements  of  the  natives  in  '*  that  pleasant 
and  fruitful  countrye  of  the  O'Cahans,"  Phillips  stated,  in  his  Project  for  planting  it,  that  "  the 
Irishmen  have  been  so  addicted  to  tillage  that  a  Bristowe  ban  barrell  of  barley  was  sold  but 
for  i%d.  in  the  market  of  Coleraine."  Fynes  Moryson  informs  us  that  their  exports  in  gnun  and 
raw  hides  were  considerable;  and  Sir  Arthur  Chichester  states  that  these  e^qports  were  only 
permitted  to  Great  Britain.     The  only  period,  however,  during  his  administration  in  which  the 


Irish  of  Ulster  could  possibly  have  become  exporters  must  have  been  the  short  interval  betveen 
his  appointment  to  the  deputyship  in  1604,  and  the  actual  commencement  of  the  plantation  in 
the  autumn  of  1610.  Sir  Oliver  St  John,  who  was  intimately  acquainted  with  the  capabilities 
of  the  Ulster  Irish  as  formers,  recommended  that  the  escheated  lands  should  be  let  directly  froin 
the  crown  to  the  natives  who  had  been  in  possession,  and  who,  in  turn,  would  have  given  the 
king  laige  rents,  ample  revenues,  indeed,  to  meet  all  his  difficulties,  transferring  also  to  him  that 
allegiance  which  had  been  previously  rendered  to  their  own  chieftains.     See  p.  69. 

The  writer,  in  conclusion,  hereby  presents  his  sincere  thanlcs  to  several  literary  Mends  for  their 
kind  and  valuable  suggestions  during  his  preparation  of  this  volume.  He  feels  specially  indebted  to 
John  P.  Prendergast,  Esq.,  whose  forbearance  with  historical  inquirers  never  grows  weary,  and 
whose  thorough  acquaintance  with  the  manuscript  materials  of  modem  Irish  history  enables  him, 
most  efficiently,  to  alleviate  the  toil  of  workers  in  that  rugged  though  attractive  field. 

Beltast,  Stptembtr  18,  1877. 


The  Plantation  in  Ulster. 


Chaffer  I. — Ulster  before  the  Plantation. 


I. 

|T  is  told  of  an  Ultonian,  who  lived  in  the  third  century,  that  from  a  peak  in  the  Beanna 
Boirche,  now  the  Moume  mountains,  he  could  see  all  the  land  northward  to  Dun- 
Sobhairce  [Dunseverick],  and  southward  as  far  as  Dun-Dealgan  [Dundalk].  In  other 
words,  he  thus  beheld  at  a  glance  the  great  northern  division  of  Ireland  nearly 
throughout  its  whole  length,  for  the  Uladh  or  Ultonia  of  that  remote  period  included  the  present 
county  of  Louth,  which  now  belongs  to  I^inster.  The  above  statement  is  found  in  the  Dinn- 
searuhusy  a  topographical  tract  of  the  eighth  century  on  the  origin  of  the  names  of  many  remarkable 
places  in  Ireland  (i).  But  the  Ulster  man  of  to-day  may  easily  test  the  truth  of  this  ancient  record 
by  a  \isit  to  some  elevated  peak  among  his  jiative  mountains,  from  which  he  will  find  that  his  eye 
can  traverse  nearly  every  leading  division  of  our  noble  northern  land.  Thus,  even  from  the  sum- 
mit of  a  mountain  named  Knocklayd,  an  elevation  of  not  more  than  1690  feet  in  the  northern 
Glens  of  Antrim,  he  may  behold  all  the  country  westward  as  far  as  Slieve-Snaght  [sno\\y  mountain], 
on  the  distant  border  of  Donegal ;  and  southward  to  the  vicinity  of  Newry,  where  Slieve-Gullen 
appears,  on  clear  days,  as  if  resting  in  an  amber-coloured  sea.     Should  he  take  his  stand  on  the 


(i).  In  Ireland. — Two  copies  at  least  of  the  Dinnscan- 
ikus  have  been  preserved,  varying  in  some  slight  resj^ecls, 
but  both  highly  valuable,  as  containing  our  earliest  topo- 
graphical notices  of  Ireland.  When  accounting  for  the 
name  Beanna  Boirche,  by  which  the  Moume  mountains 
were  anciently  designated,  the  Dinnseanchus  in  the  Book 
of  Lecan  says : — *  *  Senn  Boirche,  why  so  called  ?  Boirche, 
a  cow -herd,  son  of  Ros  Righbuidhi,  and  this  pinnacle 
was  his  head  seat.  And  alike  did  he  herd  every  cow  from 
Dun-Sobhairce  [Dunseverick]  to  Inbher  Colptha  [Colp], 
and  from  Boinn  [Bo3me]  to  Beann  Boirchi.  '  In  refer- 
ence to  this  matter,  0*Donovan  states  that  **lhe  mountains 
usually  called  Beanna  Boirche,  i./*.,  the  peaks  of  Boirche, 
were  called  (according  to  the  Dinnseanchus)  after  Boirche, 
the  shepherd  of  Ros,  king  of  Ulster  in  the  third  century, 
^-ho  herded  the  king's  cattle  on  these  mountains.  In  the 
I>innscanchus  it  is  stated  that  the  shepherd  Boirche  could 
view  from  these  mountains  [of  Moume]  all  the  land  south- 
wards as  far  as  Dun-Dealgan,  and  northwards  as  far  as 
Dun-Sobhairce. "—(See  Book  of  Rights,  translated  and 
annotated  by  ODonovan,  p.  165;  see  also  pp.  38,  157, 
169;    0*Flaheity's  Ogygia,   part  iii.,  chap.  69;   Annals 


of  the  Four  Masters,  pp.  735,  1495 ;  Irish  Topographical 
Poems,  translated  and  annotated  by  O'Donovan,  note  182; 
Reeves's  Eccles.  Antiquities,  p.  369).  Thus,  although 
this  celebrated  herdsman  appears  to  have  had  charge,  as 
superintendent,  of  all  ancient  Uladh,  which  then  reache<l 
southward  to  the  mouth  of  the  river  Boyne,  he  could  only 
see  in  that  direction  as  far  as  Dundalk,  from  his  'head 
seat'  in  the  Moume  mountains. 

Uladh  was  not  known  by  its  present  name  of  Ulster 
until  after  the  invasions  and  settlements  of  the  Norsemen 
on  its  shores.  ** According  to  Worsae  (p. 230),  the  ter- 
mination ster,  in  the  names  of  three  -of  the  provinces,  is 
the  Scandinavian  stadr,  *a  place,*  which  has  been  added 
to  the  old  Irish  names.  Lenister  is  \\i^  place  (or  province) 
of  Laighen  or  Layn  ;  Ulster  is  contracted  from  Ula-stcr, 
the  Irish  name  Uladh  l)eing  pronounced  Ulla ;  and  Mun- 
ster  from  Moon-ster,  or  Mounster  (which  is  the  fomi  found 
in  a  State  paper  of  151 5),  the  first  syllable  representing 
the  pronunciation  of  the  Irish  Mumhan." — See  Joyce's 
Origin  and  History  of  Irish  Names  of  Places,  pp.  104, 
105. 


2  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

conical  peak  of  Slieve-Snaght,  or  even  on  one  of  its  huge  shoulders,  the  hills  and  glens  of  Inish- 
owen,  the  lakes,  and  dells,  and  streams  of  that  wildly  picturesque  region,  are  literally  spread  at  his 
feet ;  whilst  far  away,  his  eye  rests  on  many  attractive  places,  including  the  Magilligan  Strand,  the 
heights  around  the  city  of  Derry,  and  even  the  headlands  on  the  Antrim  coast.  But,  as  an 
illustration  better  still,  let  him  ascend  that  magnificent  alpine  range,  now  known  as  the  Sperrin 
mountains,  which  extends  along  the  mutual  border  of  Londonderry  and  Tyrone,  and  forms  the 
culminating  point  of  the  extensive  highlands  in  both  those  counties.  The  highest  peak  there, 
called  Sawelf  is  about  2,230  feet  above  the  sea-level,  and  from  it  the  spectator  may  be  literally  said 
to  behold,  as  on  a  map,  the  several  divisions  of  Ulster ;  and  more  especially  those  counties  which 
our  task  will  require  us  to  notice  in  detail,  and  which  group  themselves,  with  one  exception,  around 
and  near  the  base  of  the  mighty  mountain  range  now  mentioned.  The  whole  field  of  the  plantation 
thus  lies  all  around,  extending  from  Lough  Ramor,  which  forms  one  part  of  the  boundary  line  with 
Leinster  on  the  south,  to  the  coasts  of  Derry  and  Donegal  on  the  north-west ;  and  from  Lough  Neagh 
and  the  Bann  on  the  east,  beyond  Lough  Erne,  and  to  the  boundary  line  with  Connaught  on  the 
west. 

Although  our  northern  mountains  have  been  formed  generally  in  groups,  and  often  in  isolated 
masses,  instead  of  in  ranges,  yet  the  eye  can  easily  trace  two  distinct  series,  made  up  of  such  groups 
and  masses,  running  almost  parallel  to  each  other  across  this  northern  province  from  east  to  west 
The  northern  series,  passing  through  the  counties  of  Antrim,  Derry,  and  Donegal,  is  broken  by  two 
great  straths  or  vales,  along  which  the  Foyle  and  the  Bann  flow  into  the  Atlantic.  The  southern 
series,  extending  through  the  counties  of  Down,  Monaghan,  Cavan,  and  Fermanagh,  is  skirted  along 
its  whole  length  by  a  succession  of  fertile  and  beautiful  glens.  The  vast  central  area  of  compara- 
tively level  country  comprises,  with  slight  exceptions,  the  plantation  lands,  and  is  diversified 
throughout  its  whole  extent  by  many  a  pleasant  lake  (2)  and  river  (3),  by  undulating  hills,  fertile 
plains,  and  valleys,  which  combine  alike  the  picturesque  beauty  and  fertility  of  hill  and  plain.  This 
area  is  free,  also,  as  compared  with  other  provinces  of  Ireland,  from  those  dismal-looking  patches 


(2).  Pleasant  lake, — The  great  number  of  lakes  or 
loughs  in  Ulster,  large  and  small,  is  indeed  still  remark- 
able, although  several  of  the  latter  class  are  known  to 
have  disappeared  during  the  last  three  centuries.  Lough 
Neagh,  from  its  vast  extent,  cannot  be  associated  with 
one  district  or  region  of  Ulster  in  particular,  for  its  waters 
form  a  mutual  border  of  the  five  counties  of  Londonderry, 
Antrim,  Down,  Armagh,  and  Tyrone.  The  same  mav 
be  said,  although  to  a  less  extent,  of  the  beautiful  Lougn 
Erne,  whose  waters  lie  mainly  in  the  county  of  Fer- 
managh, but  belong  also  slightly  to  Cavan  on  the  south, 
and  to  Dtmeeal  on  the  north-west.  In  this  principal 
class  of  the  Ulster  lakes  may  also  be  mentioned  tne  beau- 
tiful loughs  Melvin  and  Macnean,  on  the  boundary  with 
Connaught ;  loughs  Gowna,  Kinnail,  and  Sheelin,  on 
the  boundary  with  Leinster;  lough  Oughter,  almost  in 
the  centre  of  the  county  of  Cavan ;  lough  Ramor,  on 
the  south-east  border  of  the  same  county ;  the  Cootehill 
lakes,  on  the  mutual  border  of  the  counties  of  Cavan  and 
Monaghan;  and  loughs  Derg,   Esk,  and  Veagh,  in  the 


central  and  southern  districts  of  the  county  of  Donegal. 

(3).  And  river, — The  principal  rivers  of  the  six  coun- 
ties aforesaid  are  the  Erne^  which  flows  from  the  southern 
boundary  of  Ulster,  through  the  counties  of  Cavan  and 
Fermanagh,  and  falls  into  the  sea  at  Ballyshannon ;  the 
Foyle ^  composed  of  many  little  tributaries  in  the  counties 
of  Donegal  and  Tyrone,  flows  across  the  whole  western 
wing  of  the  county  of  Londonderry,  and  falls  into  Lough 
Foyle ;  the  Bann^  bom  in  a  dell  among  the  Moume 
mountains,  comes  northward  through  Down,  Armagh, 
and  Lough  Neagh,  and  on  escaping  thence,  forms  the 
boundary  between  Antrim  and  Londonderry,  crossing  the 
north-eastern  wing  of  the  latter  before  reaching  the  sea 
below  Coleraine ;  the  Blackioater^  which  rises  in  Tyrone, 
and,  in  its  course  to  Lough  Neagh,  forms  the  boundary 
between  Tyrone  and  Armagh ;  the  Faughan  and  Roe^ 
flowing  into  Lough  Foyle,  and  the  Mayola  into  Lough 
Neagh ;  together  with  several  smaller  rivers  falling  into 
Lough  Neagh,  Lough  Swilly,  Lough  Erne,  the  Bay  of 
Donegal,  and  into  the  creeks  along  that  coast. 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION.  3 

which  we  call  bogs,  and  which  have  so  generally  intruded  themselves  on  the  landscapie  during  the 
last  ten  centuries  (4).  The  Ultonian,  who  lived  before  the  commencement  of  Danish  and  Nor- 
w^;ian  invasions  in  the  eighth  century,  must  have  witnessed  many  fairer  scenes  of  natural  beauty 
than  even  this  northern  province  afterwards  presented  ;  for  then  was  initiated  that  long  succession 
of  war  and  rapine  in  Ulster  which,  amongst  other  lamentable  results,  literally  covered  with  morass 
many  a  plain  and  lakeside  that  had  once  yielded  its  yearly  crops,  or  was  adorned  with  noble 
woods. 

IL 

A  region  so  attractive,  however,  naturally  incurred  the  fate  of  most  other  regions  similarly  • 

endowed — it  drew  towards  itself  flocks  of  invaders  as  the  ages  rolled  on,  and  these  sheltering 

mountains,  which  could  break  the  fury  of  wintry  storms,  were  unable  to  ward  off  the  scourge  of 

war.    Tlie  eariy  history  of  Ulster  is  now  well  known,  and  in  some  respects  better  understood  than 

that  of  most  other  European  regions.     Without  going  back  to  the  remotest  times,  it  may  be 

observed,  for  example,  that  the  events  recorded  in  connection  with  the  origin  and  progress  of 

Milesian  colonisation  are  just  such  as  might  have  been   expected  to  occur,  and  have  been 

narrated  by  our  ancient  chroniclers  with  a  charming  directness  and  simplicity.     Thus,  the  seas, 

which  bore    the    Milesian   fleet  of  sixty  sail  towards  these   shores,    proved   troublesome,   and 

indeed  disastrous — as  they  have  done  so  frequently  since,  and  will  do  so  fretjuently  in  future.     When 

within  sight  of  the  southern  coasts,  these  sixty  Milesian  vessels  were  suddenly  caught  in  a  tempest, 

which  swept  across  their  course  from  that  vast  and  then  mysterious  world  of  waters  we  have 

learned  to  call  the  Atlantic  Ocean.     The  invading  fleet  was  scattered  in  all  directions,  and  some 

of  the  vessels  carrying  distinguished  leaders,  perished  in  the  storm.     Among  the  commanders  thus 

lost  was  a  son  of  Milesius,  named  7r,  whose  name  was  afterwards  so  distinctly  associated  with  the 

€ariy  history  of  this  northern  province.     The  fragments  of  the  scattered  fleet  were  collected ;  the 

surviving  colonists  heroically  dared  to  land ;  their  successes  (as  in  many  a  later  enterprise  against 

Ireland)  drew  others  from  the  mother-country  after  them  ;  and  their  Milesian  banners  soon  floated 

triumphantly  from  all  the  places  of  strength  which  had  been  held  by  preceding  colonists,  kno\vn  as 

Toatha-De-Danann.     In  the  distribution  of  lands  among  the  Milesian  leaders,  Heber,  the  son  of 

It,  was  rewarded  for  his  father's  services,  and  his  own,  by  obtaining  this  northern  section  of  the 

island ;  and,  in  honour  of  bis  father's  memory,  his  descendants  were  known  during  many  ages  by 

^c  tribe-name  of  IrianSy  a  designation  which  eventually  included  all  the  inhabitants  of  Uladh, 


(4)«  Tencatturus. — "Though  turf  [peat]  has  been  the 
<^ofunon  fuel  for  several  years  past,  there  are  circumstances 
which  lead  us  to  suppose  that  it  has  been  generated  within 
^  last  thousand  years,  while  tillage  and  agriculture  gave 
place  to  war  and  plunder.  The  best  land,  if  neglected, 
^i  by  various  accidents,  be  soon  reduced  to  a  state  of 
^^  bog.  It  is  next  to  demonstration  that  many  of  the 
places  where  turf  is  now  cut  have  been  once  arable,  ves- 
tigw  of  which  have  been  discovered  at  great  depths. " — 


(See  Camden's  Britannia^  edited  by  Gough,  vol.  iv., 
pp.  224,  233).  At  a  place  calle*]  Greenan,  in  Glen- 
shesk,  county  of  Antrim,  the  writer  visited  an  ancient 
sepulchral  mound,  over  which  the  peat  had  grown  to  a 
depth  of  eight  feet.  When,  in  process  of  time,  the  peat 
was  gradu^ly  cut  away  for  fuel,  the  owner  planted  the 
field  in  potatoes,  and  found  several  enclosures  beautifully 
constructed  of  unhewn  stones,  and  containing  cinerary 
urns  of  very  primitive  formation. 


4  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

excepting  a  comparatively  small  settlement  of  Picts  (5),  who,  although  so  called,  and  forming  a 
distinct  organisation,  were  also  descended  from  Ir. 

The  Irian  princes,  in  their  generations,  resided  at  their  palace  of  Aileach  (6),  in  Donegal, 
until  the  time  of  Ciombaeth,  who,  at  his  queen's  desire,  built  the  great  house  known  as  Eamhuin,  or 
Emania  (7),  and  made  it  the  chief  family  residence.  The  first  of  this  Irian  line  who  attained  to 
the  dignity  of  ard-righ,  or  monarch  of  all  Ireland,  was  a  prince  named  Rudhraighe,  who  lived  about 
a  century  before  the  birth  of  Christ,  and  whose  memory  was  so  honoured  among  his  clan  that  they 
abandoned  their  old  tribe-name  of  Irians,  and  were  called  Rudricians,  This  line  or  dynasty  of  the 
Ultonians  existed  for  a  period  of  600  years,  and  no  fewer  than  thirty-one  of  its  rulers,  from  Ciombaeth 
to  Fergus  Fogha,  occupied  the  palace  of  Eamhuin.  In  all  that  long  period,  although  Ulster  had 
waged  occasional  wars  with  the  adjoining  provinces  of  Leinster  and  Connaught,  it  had  never  suffered 


(5).  Settlement  of  Picts.— T\iQ  V'\c\s,  often  called  Dal- 
Araiclhc,  appear  to  have  occupied  the  territory  now  com- 
prising the  southern  half  of  the  county  of  Antrim,  and 
the  greater  part  of  the  county  of  Down.  •  Fiacha  Araidhe, 
the  progenitor  of  the  Dal-Araidhe,  was,  according  to 
Tighernach,  lord  of  the  Cruithne,  or  Picts,  in  236.  — See 
Adamnan's  Life  of  St.  Columba^  edited  and  annotated  by 
Dr.  Reeves,  p.  94 ;  see  also  Reeves's  Eccles.  Antiquities^ 
pp.  267,  270,  279,  280,  319,  336,  340. 

(6).  Aileach. — For  a  most  interesting  and  elaborate 
account  of  Aileach,  or  Grianan  Aileach,  or  Aileach-Neid, 
or  Aileach- Fririve,  by  which  several  names  this  great 
structure  has  been  called,  see  the  Orilnance  Memoir  of 
the  Parish  of  Templemore.  Certain  local  antiquaries, 
among  whom  may  be  specially  mentioned  Mr.  Peter 
M*Laughlin,  believe  that  Aileach,  on  the  summit  of 
Greenan  Hill,  in  Burt,  had  been  a  Druidical  temple,  and 
that  the  royal  palace  so  called  stood  about  three  miles 
distant,  in  the  townland  of  Elagh  or  Ailech.  The  views 
of  the  latter  are  well  put  by  a  M'riter  on  Inishowen,  as 
follows: — "There  can  be  little  doubt  that  the  palace  of 
Aileach  stood  in  the  townland  of  that  name,  at  a  distance 
of  three  miles  from  Greenan,  and  at  the  place  where 
O'Dogherty  erected  a  castle  in  the  fifleenth  century,  a 
fragment  of  which  remains.  The  locality  is  fairly  adapted 
for  the  purjiose,  and  bears  the  signs  of  occupancy  and 
cultivation  from  the  most  remote  period.  Its  elevation  is 
somewhat  greater  than  the  Hill  of  Tara,  being  248  feet 
al)ove  the  level  of  the  sea.  It  commands  a  sufficiently 
extensive  view  of  Tyrconncll,  Lough  Swilly,  Inch,  and 

the  adjacent  country As  corroborative  of 

this  view,  we  may  mention  that  when  Prince  Eoghan, 
who  resided  in  Aileach,  died  of  grief  for  the  loss  of  his 
brother,  the  lord  of  Tyrconnell,  his  body  was  buried  in 
Iskaheen,  which  adjoins  the  townland  above-named,  as 
related  in  the  Annals  of  the  Four  Masters. " — ( Inishmveti: 
its  History^  p.  20).  Whilst  the  arguments  of  this 
writer,  and  others  holding  his  views,  are  worthy  of  res- 
pect and  attention,  we  agree  entirely  with  the  opmions  of 
Petrie  and  0*Donovan,  who  have  clearly  shown  that  the 
remains  on  Greenan  Hill  are  those  of  the  ancient  royal 
palace  of  Eoghan  and  his  descendants,  the  Ui  Neill  or 
Hy-Niall  princes. 


(7).  Eamhuin  or  Emania. — This  great  building  is  be- 
lieved to  have  been  erected  about  30x5  years  before  the 
birth  of  Christ,  and  the  time  of  its  erection  is  the  limit 
assigned  by  our  most  reliable  annalist,  Tigheniach,  to 
authentic  Irish  history,  all  records  prior  to  that  age  iK-ing, 
in  his  opinion,  uncertain.  This  looks  like  a  gratuitous 
assertion,  the  truth  of  which  Tighernach,  perhaj)s,  had  no 
more  special  means  of  testing  than  his  contemporaries, 
and  about  which  he  was  not  in  much  danger  of  being 
called  to  account.  The  remains  of  Eamhuin,  however, 
are  situate  about  a  mile  and  a-half  westward  from  the 
present  town  of  Armagh,  and  **are,  without  a  single  ex- 
ception," says  O'Donovan,  "the  most  extensive  of  their 
kind  in  all  Ireland."  -  (See  Battle  of  Magh  Mathy  p.  213). 
They  "consist  of  a  circular  rath  or  rampart  of  earth  with 
a  deep  fosse,  enclosing  about  eleven  acres,  within  which 
are  two  smaller  circular  forts.  The  great  rath  is  still 
known  by  the  name  of  the  Nazan  Fort,  in  which  the 
original  name  is  curiously  preserved.  The  proper  Irish 
form  is  Eamhuin^  which  is  pronounced  ./rr//,  the  Irish 
article  an,  contractetl  as  usual  to  «,  being  placed  before 
this,  makes  it  nEamhuin,  the  pronunciation  of  which  is 
exactly  represented  by  AWd;/." — -(See  Joyce  on  the  Origin 
ami  History  of  Irish  Names  of  Places,  p.  85.)  The  cir- 
cumstances connected  with  the  origin  of  this  famous 
palace,  as  they  are  recorded  in  the  Book  of  Leinster,  are 
sufficiently  curious.  "Three  kings,  named  respectively 
Aedh-ruadh,  Dihorba,  and  Ciombaeth,  agree<l  to  reign 
each  for  seven  years  in  alternate  succession,  and  they  en- 
joyed the  sovereignty  for  three  periods,  or  21  years,  when 
Aedh-ruadh  [Ayroo]  died.  His  daughter,  the  celebrated 
Macha,  of  the  golden  hair,  asserted  her  right  to  reign 
when  her  father's  turn  came,  and  being  opposed  by 
Dihorba  and  his  sons,  she  defeated  them  in  several  battles, 
in  one  of  which  Dihorba  was  killed,  and  she  then  assumed 
the  sovereignty.  She  afterwards  married  the  sur\'iving 
monarch,  Ciombaeth,  and  took  the  five  sons  of  Dihorba 
prisoners.  The  Ultonians  projx)scd  that  they  should  be 
put  to  death.  Not  so,  said  she,  l)ecause  it  would  be  the 
defilement  of  the  righteousness  of  a  sovereign  in  me  ;  but 
they  shall  be  condemnetl  to  slavery,  and  shall  raise  a  rath 
around  me,  and  it  shall  be  the  chief  city  of  Ulster  for 
ever." — Ilfidt  pp.  82,  83 ;  see  also  O'Curry's  MS,  Ma- 
terials^ first  ser.,  p.  527. 


ULSTER    BEFORE    THE    PLANTATION.  5 

the  -miseries  of  subjugation,  nor  internal  convulsions  so  violent  as  to  shake  its  reigning  family, 
for  any  long  time,  from  their  northern  throne.  During  the  reign  of  the  prince  last  named,  however, 
a  change  was  to  come  ;  an  utter  revolution  was  to  be  accomplished  ;  and,  strange  to  tell,  a  planta- 
tion of  Uladh  was  to  be  made  in  the  fourth  century  more  suddenly,  if  not  so  sweepingly,  as  that 
which  took  place  in  the  seventeenth  century.  A  few  words  explanatory  of  the  earlier  movement 
may  be  required ;  and,  particularly,  as  the  two  plantations,  though  so  far  distant  from  each  other  in 
point  of  time,  appear  to  have  been  almost  alike  in  at  least  one  important  aspect. 

The  Ultonians,  who  were  a  brave  people,  and  proud  of  their  ancient  nationality,  had  given 

offence  to  the  chief  monarch  of  Ireland.      An  ard-righ,  simply  because  of  his  position,  could  always 

command  larger  resources  than  any  merely  provincial  king,  however  popular,  and  the  monarch,  at 

the  period  to  which  we  refer  (a.d.  323),  had  determined  to  humiliate  the  haughty  Rudrician  nobles 

with  their  king.     As  his  instruments  in  this  business,  he  selected  his  three  nephews,  who  had  given 

lumself  serious  trouble — even  to  the  thrusting  of  his  family  for  three  years  from  the  throne — and  whom, 

therefore,  he  felt  it  necessary  to  conciliate  by  at  least  finding  some  congenial  work  for  them  to  do. 

Unfortunately  for  Uladh,  these  warlike  brothers  had  no  landed  possessions  of  their  own,  and  this 

northern  province  had  then  become  prosperous  beyond  the  other  portions  of  Erin,  simply  in  the  wealth 

which  consisted  of  prodigious  flocks  and  herds.     The  green  fields  of  Uladh  had,  in  truth,  become 

too  tempting  to  the  eyes  of  the  three  Collas  (8),  for  by  this  designation  the  three  brothers  are  familiarly 

known  in  histor)%     Their  mother  being  a  princess  of  Alba  (now  Scotland),  they  were  able,  through  this 

connection,  not  only  to  secure  the  services  of  many  influential  kinsmen  in  that  kingdom,  but  to 

draw  thence  a  large  fragment  of  the  army  with  which  they  invaded  Ulster.     These  soldiers  from 

xMbahad  been  brought  secretly  across  the 'Current  of  the  Mull  of  Cantire,'now  the  North  Channel, 

and  they  numbered,  with  their  associates  on  this  side,   7,000  men,  in  addition  to  the  large  force 


(8).  Thi  three  Collas. — The  names  of  these  three  prin- 
ces were  Cairell,  Mureclhach,  and  Aedh,  but  they  are 
knoTm  in  history  as  the  founders  of  the  great  Clann  Colla, 
and  familiarly  designated  The  Three  Collas^  viz.,  Colla, 
sinumed  Uais,  or  the  *  noble';    Colla,  sumaraed  Mcann^ 
or  the  'stammerer';  and  Colla,  sumamcd  Da  Chrioch^  a- 
itee  sometimes  written  Fochri,  and  translated  *earthy* 
«*cby-like.' — (See  Eugene  O'Curry's  Manuscript  Ma- 
ttrials  of  Ancient  Irish  History^  p.  72).     From  an  early 
Irish  manuscript  account  of  the  Clann-Colla,  never  prin- 
ted, we  take  the  following  passage,   illustrative  of  the 
movements  mentioned  in  the  text,  this  extract  representing 
the  monarch  of  Ireland  as  being  actually  at  war  with  the 
Ultonians : — "  Colla  Uais,  son  of  Eochaidh  Doimhlein 
(or  Dubhlein),  assumed  the  sovereignty  of  Ireland  in  the 
year  322,  and  he  was  monarch  of  Ireland  for  four  years, 
till  Muredach  Tirech  rose  with  a  mighty  host  and  made 
battle  against  the  three  Collas,  and  banished  them  into 
Alba,  where  they  got  extensive  lands,   because   Oilech 
[Aileach],  daughter  of  the  king  of  Alba,  was  their  mother. 
This  happened  when  Cormac  Finn  was  king  of  Alba,  362 
(322].    They  spent  some  time  in  Alba,  till  it  happened 
to  Murwiach  Tirech,  the  monarch  of  Ireland,  that  a  war 
broke  out  between  him  and  the  Ultonians,  namely,  the 
CUnna  Rudhraighe,  and  he  sent  for  his  brother's  children 


to  Alba,  to  aid  him  against  the  Clanna  Rudhraighe  and 
other  neighbouring  tribes.  They  (the  three  Collas)  re- 
sponded to  the  monarch  of  Ireland,  and  they  fought  a 
fierce  compaign  against  the  Clanna-Rudhraighe,  so  that 
Fergus  Fogha,  king  of  Ulster,  and  his  thiee  sons  fell  by 
them,  and  they  took  to  themselves  the  government  of  the 
province  of  Uladh,  and  of  one-third  of  the  province  of 
Connaught,  and  many  other  possessions  and  privileges, 
which  were  conceded  to  their  descendants  after  them  from 
the  monarchs  of  Ireland.  After  having  terminated  that 
war,  Colla  Uais  returned  to  Alba,  and  left  all  those  rights 
to  his  brothers;  and  ha\'ing  spent  15  years  in  Alba,  he 
came  to  make  a  kingly  visitation  of  Ireland,  and  he  died 
at  Temar-na-rlgh  [Tara  of  the  Kings],  anno  335."  This 
extract  differs  in  some  respects  from  other  and  hitherto 
accepted  authorities.  If  the  three  Collas  actually  con- 
quered a  third  part  of  Connaught  and  other  possessions,  in 
addition  to  the  territory  of  the  Clanna  Rudhraighe,  there 
is  no  evidence,  so  far  as  we  know,  that  they  continued  to 
hold  any  lands  excepting  such  as  belonged  to  that  tribe. 
The  notice  here  of  the  movements  of  the  eldest  of  the  three 
brothers,  Colla  Uais,  after  his  conquest  was  made,  is 
curious.  The  statements  that  he  preferred  Alba  to  Ulster 
as  a  place  of  residence,  and  died  at  Tara  of  the  Kings, 
are  both,  we  should  say,  probable  enough. 


6  THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

supplied  for  the  occasion  by  the  monarch  of  Ireland.  The  campaign  in  Uladh  lasted  only  seven 
days,  but  the  actual  fighting  is  described  as  continuous  throughout  that  time.  It  ceased  with  a 
great  battle  at  Famey,  in  the  present  county  of  Monaghan,  where  the  Rudrician  king,  Fergus  Fogha, 
with  three  of  his  sons,  was  slain,  and  his  army  cut  to  pieces.  Other  disastrous  results  soon  followed, 
including  the  seizure,  by  the  victorious  Collas,  of  nearly  the  entire  northern  principality  as  sword- 
land,  the  expulsion  of  its  inhabitants,  the  planting  on  its  fields  of  an  alien  population,  and  the  utter 
destruction  of  the  beautiful  palace  of  Eamhuin,  which,  during  so  many  centuries,  had  been  the  pride 
of  the  north. 

It  would  now  be  difficult,  perhaps  impossible,  to  define  the  exact  boundaries  of  the  lands  thus 
seized  and  planted  by  the  three  Collas  and  their  adherents.  In  general  terms,  they  may  be  described 
as  comprising  all  Northern  Ulster,  from  Lough  Neagh  and  the  lower  Bann  westward,  excepting  the 
region  now  knoHH  as  Donegal ;  and  as  much  of  southern  Ulster  as  was  included  in  the  counties 
now  known  as  Armagh,  Louth,  and  Monaghan.  In  an  ancient  historical  tale,  known  as  the  Battle 
of  Magh  Rathy  the  lands  held  by  the  Clann  Colla,  or  descendants  of  the  three  Collas,  are  defined 
as  extending  westward  from  Ath-an-Imairg^  *the  Ford  of  the  Contest',  a  place  on  the  lower  Bann,  to 
the  river  Finn,  which  falls  into  the  Moume  at  Liffbrd,  and  to  Foither^  a  place  not  yet  identified, 
but  probably  somewhere  further  west  According  to  the  same  authority,  their  lands  in  southern 
Ulster  stretched  from  Glinn  Righe  (the  glen  through  which  the  Newry  river  flows),  to  a  place  called 
Bearramain^  which  must  have  been  situated  on  the  eastern  confines  of  Breifne — a  territory  com- 
prising the  present  counties  of  Cavan  and  Leitrim.  Another  definition  of  the  ancient  Uladh,  held 
by  the  Rudricians,  and  consequently  seized  by  the  three  Collas,  is  also  given  in  the  same  historical 
tract  A  leading  actor  in  the  events  therein  mentioned  is  represented  as  addressing  his  associates — 
descendants  of  Ir  and  Rudhraighe — as  follows  : — 

**  From  the  fair,  beauteous  Inbhcr  Colptha, 
To  Drobhaois  and  Dubhrothair — 
That  was  the  extent  of  your  old  province 
In  the  time  of  your  royal  ancestors, 
When  the  Ultonians  were  truly  great." 

The  extreme  points  on  the  south-western  boundary  of  ancient  Uladh  are  thus  distinctly  stated, 
Inbhcr  Colptha  being  the  old  name  for  the  mouth  of  the  Boyne ;  DrobliaoiSy  the  mouth  of  the  river 
flowing  from  lough  Melvin  into  Donegal  Bay  at  Bundrowis ;  and  Dubhrothair^  or  the  Black  Ri\LT, 
now  known  as  the  Dubh  or  Duff",  which  falls  into  the  same  bay  at  the  present  Bunduff^.  It  would 
appear,  indeed,  that  ancient  manuscript  tracts  generally,  which  relate  to  the  topography  of  provinces 
in  Ireland,  speak  of  Uladh  as  including  Louth,  and  extending  southward  as  far  as  the  mouth  of  the 
Boyne.  O' Donovan  refers  to  one  such  MS.  in  particular,  which  is  preserved  in  the  library  of 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  and  which  asserts  that  the  country  of  the  Clann  Colla  was  bounded  by  the 
four  noblest  rivers  in  Uladh  or  Ultonia,  viz.,  the  Boyne,  the  Bann,  the  Erne,  and  the  Finn.  See 
the  Battle  of  Magh  Rathy  translated  and  annotated  by  O'Donovan,  pp.  8,  9,  28,  29,  38,  39,  142, 
220.  221. 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION.  7 

The  territory  held  by  the  Clann-Colla  soon  began  gradually  to  diminish  until  it  eventually  included 
only  portions  of  the  present  counties  of  Louth,  Armagh,  Monaghan,  and  Fermanagh.    It  may  be  worthy 
of  remark,  however,  that  the  plantation  originally  made  by  the  three  Collas  was  about  equal  in 
extent  to  the  plantation  made  so  many  centuries  afterwards  by  James  I.,  but  different  as  to  boun- 
daries.    Thus,  the  former  included  the  territories  comprising  the  present  counties  of  Louth  and 
Monaghan,  but  not  those  comprising  the  present  counties  of  Cavan  and  Donegal ;  whereas,  the 
latter,  or  the  plantation  of  the  seventeenth  century,  included  Cavan  and  Donegal,  but  left  out 
Monaghan  and  Louth.     The  movement  of  the  fourth  century  left  Breifne  (the  eastern  half  of  which 
now  forms  the  county  of  Cavan)  unmolested,  for  the  whole  territory  then  belonged  to  Connaught ; 
the  lands  now  known  as  the  county  of  Donegal  were  also  unmolested,  for  they  were  held  by  the 
northern  Ui  Neill,  or  Hy  Niall ;  and  the  three  Collas  were  commissioned  only  to  invade  that 
portion  of  the  North  which  was  occupied  by  the  Irian  or  Rudrician  race.     On  the  other  hand,  the 
planters  of  the  seventeenth  century,  whilst  they  had  no  pretext  to  assail  Louth,  which  did  not  then 
belong  to  Ulster ;  nor  Monaghan,  which  had  been  already  settled  somewhat  after  planter  fashion ; 
Isdd  hold  of  Cavan  and  Donegal,  because  these  counties  were  respectively  owned  by  0*Reill)rs  and 
O'Donnells,  firm  friends  and  allies  of  the  O'Neills,  whom  James  I.,  the  ard-righ  on  the  English 
throne,  was  anxious  to  remove,  just  as  Muredach  Tirech,  the  chief  monarch  of  Ireland,  had  aimed, 
by  his  plantation  of  the  fourth  century,  at  the  removal  t)f  the  Rudrician  race,  whom  he  alike  hated 
and  feared.     And  the  latter,  if  he  did  not  exactly  carry  out  his  behest  in  this  respect,  succeeded  in 
finnly  planting  a  colony  of  at  least  tempKjrary  friends,  where  opponents  had  formerly  dwelt ;  a 
colony,  indeed,  which  grew  into  a  proud  and  powerful  people,  so  proud,  as  to  be  designated  the 
Oiqhia/la,  *  of  the  Golden  Hostages,'  because  any  members  of  the  Clann-Colla  whom  they  deigned 
for  a  time  to  surrender  as  hostages  into  the  hands  of  enemies,  could  be  bound  only  during  the 
period  of  imprisonment  by  golden  fetters ;  and  so  powerful,  that  their  kings  had  the  chief  seat  of 
honour  beside  the  monarchs  of  Erin  in  all  grand  national  assemblages  (9). 

Although  the  Oirghialla,  as  a  people,  were  destined  to  disappear  before  the  advancing  jKJwer 
of  the  O'Neills,  it  is  remarkable  that  many  of  their  leading  septs  survived,  in  an  organised  form, 
until  the  time  of  the  English  invasion  (10).     But,  it  is  perhaps  still  more  remarkable,  that  although 


(9).  National  assemblages, — An  ancient  Irish  tract  on 
the  Oirghialla  states,  that  whenever  the  hostages  given  by 
them  required  to  be  fettered,  only  golden  chains  could  be 
8*d  for  the  purpose,  and  that  hence  they  were  called 
Oirgkiallaf  i.e.,  of  the  golden  hostages.     According  to 
the  same  authority,  the  King  of  the  Oirghialla  sat  beside 
the  monarch  of  Ireland,    and  all  the  other  sub-kings 
^ere  the  length   of  his   hand  and   sword  distant  from 
the  king.--(See  Battle  of  Magh  Rath,  p.   29).     This 
^tter  privilege   is   also  mentioned    in  the   well  known 
^^  of  Rights,  v^  follows: — **From   the  mansions  of 
Ere  [dwellings  of  the  chiefs]  to  the  throne  of  Teamhair 
rfaia],  the  seat  of  the  king  of  the  Oirghialla  is  at  the 
i%iit  hand  of  the  king  of  Taillte  [Ireland].     The  distance 
«  that  seat,  truly  'tis  no  mistake,  is  such  that  his  hard 
*)»onl  should  reach  the  cup-bearer  who  distributes.     En- 
titled is  the  king  of  the  Oirghialla,  beyond  each  lord  of 


tribes,  to  every  third  horn  of  goodly  ale,  on  the  right  of 
the  king  of  Teamhair.  Entitled  is  his  queen  (without 
falsehood,  without  boasting)  to  the  same  distinction  from 
the  other  queens." — See  O'Donovan's  translation,  p.  143. 
As  a  further  illustration  of  the  pride  and  power  of  the 
Oirghialla,  it  may  be  mentioned  that  **St.  Bernard, 
in  his  LiSfe  of  St.  Malachy,  says  that  the  Oirghialla 
would  not  allow  any  bishop  among  them  except  one 
of  their  own  family,  and  that  they  had  this  carried  through 
fifteen  generations ;  and,  he  adds  immediately  after,  that 
they  had  claimed  the  see  of  Ard  Macha,  and  maintained 
possession  of  it  for  two  hundred  years,  claiming  it  as  their 
mdubitable  birthright." — IHd, 

(10).  English  invasion. — There  is  much  new  and  im- 
portant information  on  the  history  of  Ulster  at  that  period 
to  be  derived  from  the  admirable  topographical  work  of 
John  O'Dubhagain  or  O'Dugan,  whose  wntings  take  the 


8 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


the  Ulster  septs  had  been  broken  up  and  dispersed  soon  after  the  English  invasion,  several 
individual  families  of  distinction  survived  from  the  plantation  in  the  fourth  century  until  they  were 
finally  rooted  out  by  the  plantation  of  the  seventeenth  century  !  Of  these  families,  the  most  note- 
worthy were  the  Maguires,  anciently  the  Mag  Uidhir,  who  occupied  Feara-Monach  or  Fermanagh  ; 
the  CfHanlonSy  anciently  the  O'h  Anluain,  descended  from  one  of  the  three  Collas  through  a  chief- 
tain named  Niallan,  whose  territory  was  known  as  Ui  Niallan  (now  Onealan),  although  his  descen- 
dants, the  O'Hanlons,  in  later  times  occupied  the  adjoining  district  of  Orior;  the  Macanas,  or 
M'Canns,  anciently  the  Clann-Breasail,  also  descended  from  one  of  the  three  Collas,  and  the  fonner 
occupants  of  a  territory  on  the  southern  shore  of  Lough  Neagh,  known  as  Clanbrazill ;  and  the 
Macmahons  of  Monaghan,  with  others  that  might  be  named.  These  families  had,  indeed,  a  long 
existence  and  distinguished  history.  Will  any  families  planted  by  James  I.  in  Ulster  be  found,  if 
sought  for,  after  the  lapse  of  fourteen  hundred  years  ?  Several  of  the  leading  families  planted  in  the 
seventeenth  century  have  disappeared  already,  and  not  a  few,  even  now,  are  suffering  such  fatal 
eclipse  as  must  soon  end  in  extinction. 

But  to  return.  How  fared  it  with  the  children  of  Ir  and  Rudhraighe,  after  the  defeat  of  their 
armies,  and  the  death  of  their  king,  Fergus  Fogha  ?  It  is  told  by  the  old  chroniclers  in  general 
terms  that  the  Ultonians  as  a  people,  or  nation,  were  driven  from  their  own  lands  eastward,  and 
hemmed  up  in  the  small  territories  now  comprisitig  the  counties  of  Down  and  Antrim.  This  state- 
ment was,  to  a  large  extent,  correct  enough  ;  but  it  cannot  contain  the  whole  truth.  In  the  first 
place,  it  was  not  likely  that  all  the  Ultonians  were  expelled,  for  many  of  them  had  proved  disaffected 
and  disloyal  to  their  own  government,  taking  the  side  of  the  invaders,  and  no  doubt  afterwards 
partaking  in  the  distribution  of  the  conquered  lands.  The  nation  or  people  generally  could  not  all 
find  room  in  the  eastern  districts  above-named,  and  large  numbers  of  them,  therefore,  must  have 
sought  homes  in  the  adjoining  provinces  of  Leinster  and  Connaught,  and  among  their  northern 
neighbours,  the  Ui  Neill,  who  held  not  only  the  territory  now  kno^\^l  as  Donegal,  but  portions  of 
those  now  known  as  Tyrone  and  Londonderry.  But  an  additional  way  of  escape  was  open  to  them 
in  Alba,  and  very  many  no  doubt  betook  themselves  to  the  opposite  shores  of  Sruthar-na-Maoile- 
Chinntire.  This  flight  across  the  Channel,  whose  waters  must  have  then  witnessed  exciting  scenes, 
counted  probably  as  one  of  the  several  emigrations  from  these  shores  to  the  coasts  of  Alba,  which 
preceded  the  great  Dalriadic  movement  of  506  (11).     It  is  evident,  however,  that  a  very  important 


form  of  a  ]X)em,  but  arc  valuable  chiefly  as  an  accurate 
historical  record.  In  O'Reilly's  Catalogue  of  Irish  Writers^ 
J).  99,  there  is  the  following  notice  of  O'Dugan  and  his 
poem,  at  the  year  1372  : — **  John  O'Dugan,  chief  poet  of 
O'Kelly,  of  Ibh  Maine,died  thts  year.  lie  was  author  of 
a  topographical  and  historical  poem,  of  880  verses,  which 
gives  the  names  of  the  principal  tribes  and  districts  in 
Mcath,  Ulster,  and  Connaught,  and  the  chiefs  who  pre- 
sided over  them,  at  the  time  Henry  II.,  king  of  England, 
was  invited  to  this  country  by  Dermod  McMorogh,  king 
of  Leinster."  Dr.  Lynch,  the  learned  author  of  the 
Canibrcnsis  Ez'ersus,  speaks  of  O'Dugan 's  work  in  the 
following  terms  : — •*  I  am  conscious  that  the  merit  of  the 
original  excellent  poem  cannot  be  appreciated  from  the 


hurried  abstract  I  have  given  of  this  remarkaVjlc  fragment, 
just  as  all  beauty  and  order  depart  from  a  stone  structure, 
when  the  union  of  its  component  parts  has  Ix^n  dissuhctl. 
Nevertheless,  I  did  not  wish  to  omit  an  opportunity  o( 
giving  from  so  valuable  a  monument  an  account  of  the 
families  who  inhabited  the  various  territories  of  Ireland 
before  the  incursions  of  the  English.  Most  of  the  families 
which  the  poem  mentions  were  not  only  in  existence  at 
the  commencement  of  the  late  war  (1641),  Init  son.e  of 
them  were  even  then  occupying  jX)rtions  of  their  old  terri- 
tories, and  others  enjoyed  most  extensive  cstatts." — tV»w- 
brtttsis  ICz'frsuSf  vol.  i.,  p.  278. 

(11).  Ah'i'vmfttt  0/ yx>, — kee  liiWs //t\</on\ti/  ymthvt 
of  the  Maidcnnells  of  Anttifn,  pp.  2,  3. 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION. 


section  of  the  banished  Rudricians  found  a  resting  place  on  the  immediate  borders  of  their  enemies, 
bat  why  they  were  permitted  to  establish  themselves  in  such  close  quarters  it  would  be  difficult  to 
determine.     They  were,  no  doubt,  attracted  towards  Dal  Araidhe,  from  the  circumstance  of  its  in- 
habitants being  kinsmen.     The  latter  were  descended  from  Fiacha  Araidhe,  an  ancestor  of  Fergus 
Fogha,  and*  no  doubt  they  sympathised  with  the  royal  house  of  Emania,  in  its  then  calamitous  con- 
dition.    The  inhabitants  of  Dal  Araidhe,  who  were  probably  but  a  weak  tribe,  appear  to  have  sur- 
rendered their  identity  as  a  distinct  people  in  favour  of  their  more  warlike  kinsmen,  the  Rudricians, 
who  established  themselves  with  the  undoubted  determination  to  make  the  most  of  their  small  stripe 
<rf  territory  (which  reached  from  Carlingford  Bay  to  the  hill  of  Slemish,  in  the  county  of  Antrim, 
and  eventually  included  all  that  county),  transferring  to  it  their  old  and  cherished  name  of  Ulad/i, 
and  carrying  with  them  the  prestige  at  least  of  many  heroic  associations  and  traditions  (12). 

It  is  not  to  be  supposed,  however,  that  their  expulsion  and  enclosure  within  these  small  bounds 
coold  have  been  accomplished  without  tremendous  tumult  and  excitement  at  the  time,  followed  by 
occasional  attempts  on  the  part  of  the  conquered  tribe  to  regain  its  former  position.  The  royal 
house  of  Rudhraighe  was  re-established  in  the  new  but  sadly  circumscribed  Uladh,  and  the  princely 
representatives  of  that  house,  so  long  as  their  line  continued,  never  appear  to  have  lived  in  friendly 
relations  with  the  Oirghialla.  The  first  noteworthy  attempt  for  the  recovery  of  their  lost  kingdom 
was  made  in  the  year  578,  by  their  prince  named  Baedan,  son  of  Cairell,  but  he  was  defeated  by 
the  Claxm-Colla,  and  died  in  581.  The  most  noted  and  formidable  effort  in  this  direction  was  put 
forth  in  the  following  century  by  the  well-known  Congal  Claen,  son  of  Scanlan  of  the  Broad  Shield, 
and  the  last  prince  of  this  long  line,  whose  reigns,  even  going  no  further  back  than  to  Ciombaeth 
(see  p.  4),  constitute  one  of  the  proudest  chapters  in  the  history  of  ancient  Ulster,  or,  we  may 
truly  add,  even  of  ancient  Ireland  itself.  Of  this  Congal  Claen,  O'Donovan  affirms  that  "  he  was 
descended  from  the  most  heroic  and  ancient  line  of  princes  that  Irish  history  has  preserved,  being 
the  senior  representative  of  the  ancient  kings  of  Emania,  whose  history  is  more  certain  than  that  of 
any  other  line  of  princes  preserved  in  the  Irish  annals,  not  excepting  even  the  monarchs  of  the 
Hy-Niall  race."  {Battle  of  Magh  Rath^  p.  203).  The  expiring  struggles  of  this  great  and  ancient 
house  involved  the  whole  north  and  indeed  the  whole  of  Erin  in  a  series  of  commotions,  for  Congal 
Oaen  aspired  to  the  chief  throne,  and  was,  of  course,  furiously  opposed  by  the  reigning  monarch, 
DomhnalL     The  latter  had  rebelled  against  his  predecessor,  Suibhne  Merm,  whom  he  induced 


(w).  And  traditions. — Among   the  heroes  and  dis- 

tngoshed  men  of  ancient  Ulster,  the  following  may  be 

BKotkned : — C<mchohar  MacNessa^  a  king  who  reigned 

«t  the  time  of  the   birth  of  Christ ;   Fergus  MacRoigh^ 

*ho,  when  dethroned  in  Ulster,  was  able  to  wage  war 

fcir  the  space  of  seven  years  against  the  Ultonians  by 

Bans  of  his  influence  with  the  rulers  of  Connaught ; 

OwchtUain^  who  is  designated  byXighemach,  'fortissimus 

kerw  Scotonmti';  Conail  Ceamach,  one  of  the  most  dis- 

tinenisbed  of  \hc  Red  Branch,  a  celebrated  military  order 

in  Ulster ;  Cdtchar  of  the  battles,  who  gave  name  to  Dim 

^chair,  near  Downpatrick,  and  was  a  very  distinguished 

^  of  the  Red  Branch  ;  Laeghcdre  the  victorious,  also  a 

nember  of  the   same  military  association;   Dubhthach 

B 


Dael  Uladh,  whose  patrimonial  lands  were,  soon  after  his 
death,  inundated  by  Lough  Neagh  :  Munremar^  one  of 
the  most  celebrated  of  the  Ulster  knights  at  the  time  of 
Fergus  Macl^oigh ;  Ccthem^  son  of  Fintann,  one  of  the 
twelve  heroes  of  the  Red  Branch ;  he  figures  conspicuously 
in  the  Irish  historical  tale  known  as  the  Tain  Bo  CuaUgiu^ 
and  his  fortress  of  Dun-Cetheren  stood  in  Dunboe,  west- 
ward of  Coleraine ;  Amairgin  Reochaidhy  the  father  of 
Conail  Ceamach,  himself  the  fifth  in  desert  from  the 
founder  of  the  Clanna  Rudhraighe ;  Fergus,  son  of  Leide, 
who  resided  at  Moylinny,  or  Magh- Line,  on  the  eastern 
side  of  Lough  Neagh  ;  together  with  many  others  whose 
names  are  recorded  in  ancient  Irish  annals. — See  Battle 
of  Magh  Rath,  pp.  207-12. 


lO 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Congal  to  assassinate,  promising  that  when  he  (Domhnall)  should  succeed  to  the  throne  of  Erin, 
he  would  advance  Congal  from  being  the  ruler  of  a  small  comer  in  the  north  to  the  jxjsition  of 
his  ancestors,  who  were  kings  of  all  ancient  Uladh.  But,  when  Domhnall  had  got  his  own  object 
accomplished,  he  forgot  his  promise  ;  and  not  only  so,  but  endeavoured  to  humiliate  Congal  in  the 
presence  of  his  enemies  (13).  The  latter  determined  in  his  wrath  to  dethrone  Domhnall,  but  was 
himself  suddenly  driven  into  exile,  where  he  remained  nine  years,  and  during  that  time  collected  an 
army  of  Picts,  Britons,  Saxons,  and  men  from  Alba,  landing  his  forces  at  Dundrum,  in  the  county 
of  Down.  The  great  dispute  culminated  in  the  battle  of  Magh  Rath^  in  the  same  county,  which 
was  fought  in  the  year  637,  and  "was  one  of  the  most  famous,"  says  O'Donovan,  "ever  fought  in 
Ireland."  In  this  conflict  Congal  was  defeated  and  slain.  But  although  he  was  the  last  prince  of 
his  line  in  the  smaller  Uladh  or  Ulidia,  that  little  nationality  continued  to  maintain  its  place  among 
the  powers  of  the  north  until  the  time  of  the  English  invasion  (14). 

At  the  date  of  this  battle  the  power  of  the  Oirghialla  had  begun  to  wane,  and  that  of  the  Hy- 
Niall  and  their  kindred  septs  in  north-western  Ulster  to  spread  and  strengthen.  The  early  history 
of  the  O'Neills,  who  were  soon  to  make  themselves  felt  in  Ulster,  was  closely  associated  with  the 
territory  or  district  known  as  Inis-Eoghan,  now  Inishowen,  so  called  from  a  prince  named  Eoghan 


(13).  His  enemies. — The  following  is  Congal *s  account 
of  the  relations  between  himself  and  the  monarch  Domh- 
nall, as  given  by  the  author  of  the  tract  entitled  the 
Battle  of  Magh  Rath:—''^  not  afraid,  O  King,  for 
although  the  injuries  that  thou  hast  done  me,  are  great, 
thou  needest  not  dread  me  now ;  and  I  will  now  state  the 
injuries  thou  hast  done  to  me.  The  king  who  preceded 
thee  over  Erin  was  Suibhne  Menn  (monarch  from  the  year 
615  to  628),  son  of  Fiachna,  son  of  Feradhach,  son  of 
Muiredhach,  son  of  Eoghan,  son  of  Niall  of  the  Nine 
Hostages ;  thou  wert  not  obedient  to  that  king,  and  thou 
didst  eo  to  make  a  treaty  with  the  Ultonians,  and  I  was 
given  m  fosterage  to  thee  by  my  father  and  my  own  tribe  ; 
a  woman  of  my  own  tribe  was  sent  with  me  to  nurse  me 
with  thee,  but  when  she  reached  thy  house  thou  didst 
send  the  Ultonian  woman  back  to  her  own  country,  and 
thou  didst  place  a  woman  of  thine  own  tribe  to  nurse  me 
in  the  garden  of  the  fort  in  which  thou  dwellest.  It  hap- 
pened on  a  certain  dav  that  I  was  left  alone  in  the  garden 
without  any  one  to  take  care  of  me,  and  the  little  ^es  of 
the  garden  rose  up  with  the  heat  of  the  sun,  and  one  of 
them  put  its  venom  in  one  of  my  eyes,  so  that  my  eye  be- 
came awry,  from  which  I  have  been  named  Congal  Claen 
(i>.,  crook -eyed).  I  was  nursed  by  thee  until  mou  wast 
expelled  by  Suibhne  Menn,  king  of  Erin,  and  then  thou 
didst  repair  to  the  king  of  Alba,  taking  me  along  with 
thee  in  that  exile ;  and  thou  didst  receive  great  honour 
from  him,  and  you  formed  a  treaty,  thou  and  the  king  of 
Alba,  and  he  protested  to  thee  that  he  would  not  oppose 
thee  as  long  as  the  sea  should  surround  Erin.  Thou  didst 
afterwards  return  to  Erin,  and  I  returned  along  with 
thee,  for  I  was  in  exile  with  thee.  We  put  in  at  Traigh 
Rudhraighe  [the  strand  at  the  mouth  of  the  river  Erne, 
near  Ballyshannon],  and  here  we  held  a  short  consultation. 
And  what  thou  didst  say  was,  that  whoever  thou  shouldst 
get  to  betray  the  king  of  Erin,  thou  wouldst  be  bound  to 


restore  his  territory  to  him  whenever  thou  shouldst  be- 
come king  over  Erin."  Congal  then  relates  how  and 
where  he  assassinated  the  monarch  Suibhne  Menn,  on  the 
promise  given  him  by  Domhnall,  that  the  latter  was  to 
make  him  (Congal)  king  of  all  Ulster,  as  his  ancestors 
had  been.  **I  then  returned  to  thee,"  he  adds,  **and 
thou  didst,  after  this,  assume  the  sovereic;nty  of  Eiin. 
My  father,  Scannall  of  the  Broad  Shield,  died  soon  after, 
and  I  came  to  thee  to  be  made  kine  [of  all  Uladh],  as 
thou  hadst  promised  me.  Thou  didst  not  perform  thy 
promise,  except  to  a  small  extent,  for  thou  didst  deprive 
me  of  Cinell  Conaill  [Tyrconnell],  and  Cinell  Eoehain 
[Tyrone],  and  also  of  the  nine  cantreds  of  Oirghiall,  the 
land  of  Maelodhar  Macha  (king  of  the  Oirghialla,  or,  ac- 
cording to  the  Annals  of  Ulster  and  Tighemach,  only 
chief  of  the  territory  of  Orior),  who  now  sits  at  thv  shoul- 
der, and  whom  thou  hast  seated  in  the  place  of  a  King,  in 
preference  to  me,  this  night,  in  thine  own  house,  O  king. 
And  I  will  give  battle  to  thee  and  the  men  of  Erin  in  con- 
sequence, as  thou  hast  assembled  them  around  thee  this 
night.  And  he  (Congal)  went  out  of  the  house,  and  the 
Ultonians  followed  him." — Battle  of  Magh  Rath,  pp.  34- 
39.  When,  afterwards,  Congal  Claen  urged  his  followers 
to  fight  valiantly  for  their  ancient  inheritance,  he  ex- 
claims— **What  country  is  there  but  our  province,  in 
which  its  own  king  and  prosperous  chief  does  not  appoint, 
with  full  consent,  toparchs  over  mighty  territories,  and 
bruchaidhs  [farmers]  over  townlands ;  the  sons  of  kings 
guarding  them,  but  ours  of  the  race  of  Rudhraighe  ?  The 
races  of  Conall  and  Eoghan,  and  the  Airghialla,  have 
seized  our  lands,  and  against  them  we  make  this  onset, 
to  drive  them  from  over  us." — Ibid,^  p.  223. 

( 14).     English    invasion,  —  See    Irish    Topographical 
PoemSf   translated  and  annotated  by  O'Donovan,   pp. 

35-41. 


ULSTER   BEFORE   THE   PLANTATION. 


II 


[Owen  or  John],  son  of  a  distinguished  monarch  of  Erin,  known  as  Niall  the  Great,  and  also  as 
Niall  of  the  Nine  Hostages,  who  died  in  the  year  406.     So  early  as  the  time  of  Eoghan,  the  family 
had  entered  upKjn  its  career  of  conquest,  using  as  its  base  of  operations  the  ancient  and  celebrated 
palace  of  Aileach.     This  structure  Prince  Owen  carefully  repaired,  for  even  in  his  remote  time 
Aileach  had  become  old  and  ruinous,  but  still  retaining  a  noble  prestige,  which  he  was  wisely 
anxious  to  cherish  and  preserve.     In  the  progress  of  the  Ui  Neill  or  Hy-Niall  southward  from  this 
place,  the  several  septs  or  families  of  the  Oirghialla  who  stood  on  their  path,  and  who  refused  to 
succumb,  were  dispersed  in  various  directions,  east  and  west,  some  seeking  an  asylum  even  in  the 
litde  Uladh,  among  the  descendants  of  those  who  had  been  victimised  by  the  Clann-CoUa.  Among 
the  banished  Oirghialla,  who  went  eastward  across  the  Bann,  and  settled  on  the  Antrim  side  of 
that  river,  between  Lough  Neagh  and  Coleraine,  were  the  celebrated  Hy-Tuirtre  (15),  descendants 
of  Fiachra  Tort,  a  grandson  of  Colla  Uais.     This  tribe,  originally  seated  in  the  region  now  known 
as  Tyrone,  and  unwilling  to  submit  to  Hy-Niall  authority,  was  then  compelled  to  retire.     The  terri- 
tory from  which  they  removed  was  the  first  annexed  by  the  victorious  sons  of  Niall,  was  appropriated 
by  Eoghan  himself,  and  was  subsequently  known  as  Tir-Eoghan  [Tyrone],  or  *  the  territory  of 
Eoghan ;'   whilst  the  original  seat  of  the  family  was  assigned  to  his  brother  Conall,  and  after 
him  named  Tir-Conall^  or  *the  territory  of  Conall.'     To  this  last  mentioned  chieftain's  name  t\'as 
added  the  epithet  Gulbariy  because  he  had  been  fostered  at  Bengulbain,  now  Benbulbin,  a  mountain 
not  for  distant,  in  a  northern  direction,  from  the  to\ni  of  Sligo.     These  brothers,  Eoghan  and  Conall 


(15).  Hy-Tuirtre, — The  territory  originally  occupied 
by  this  tribe,  and  from  which  they  were  eventually  ex- 
pdled,  comprehended  large  portions  of  the  present 
tnnmies  of  Dungannon  and  Lough inshol in,  both  of  which 
belonged  to  the  principality  of  Tir-Owen,  or  Tir- Eoghan, 
although  the  latter  forms  part  of  the  county  of  London- 
<leny  smce  early  in  the  seventeenth  century.  **Atan 
oriydatc,"  says  Dr.  Reeves,  **it  would  appear  that  the 
people  of  Hy-Tuirtre  removed  to  the  eastern  side  (of  the 
tei),  and  transferred  their  name  to  the  tract  which  is 
comprised  in  the  modem  baronies  of  Upper  and  Lower 
Toome.  .  .  .  The  clan  of  Hy-Tuirtre  continued  to 
be  goremed  by  chieftains  of  their  own  tribe  for  a  long 
series  of  ages,  as  the  following  catalogue,  chiefly  furnished 
4  the  Four  Masters,  shews  : — 

-^C.    668.   *Moelfothartaigh,  son  of  Suibhnc,  chief  of 
the  Cenel-Tuirtri,  died. 
728.  'Reachtabra  O'Cathusaigh,    chief  of  Hy- 
Tuirtre,  died. 
738.   'Muiredhach,  son  of  Fergus  Forcrad,  lord 

of  Hy-Tuirtre,  died. 
743.   'Colman,     bishop    of    Lessan    (Lissan), 
strangled  by  the  Hy-Tuirtre  (An.  Ul. ) 
834.   'Eochaidh,  son  of  Cucongoltach,  lord  of 

Hy-Tuirtre,  died. 
1015.   *Conchobhar  O'Domhnaillan,  lord  of  Hy- 
Tuirtre,  slain  in  battle. 
1059.   'Muredhach  O'Flann,  lord  of  Hy-Tuirlre, 

died.  (An.  Ul.) 
1081.   'Maolmithidh    O'Maolruanaigh,    lord  of 
Hy-Tuirtre,  slain. 


>i 


» 


II 


II 


II 


II 


1} 


f} 


>» 


>» 


»f 


i> 


AE.C.   1 121.   *Cumaighe,  sonofDeoradh  0*Flinn,  lord 

of  Derlas,  drowned  in  Lough  Neagh, 

1 151.  'Cunladh  O'Flinn,  lord  of  Siol-Cathusaigh 
[kinsmen  of  the  Hy-Tuirtre.] 

1 1 54.  *MacDeoradh  OTlinn  put  out  the  eyes  of 
his  son  because  he  had  obtained  the 
lordship  of  Hy-Tuirtre,  to  the  preju- 
dice of  his  father's  rights. 

1 1 58.  'Cunladh  O'Flinn,  son  of  Deoradh,  lord 
of  Hy-Tuirtre  and  Dal-Aradia,  died. 

1 1 59.  •  Cumaighe  O'Flinn,  Rex  O  Turtray,  attests 
the  Charter  of  Newry. 

1 176.  *  Cumaighe  O'Flinn,  lord  of  Hy-Tuirtre, 
Fir-Lee  (Men  of  Li,  the  modem  barony 
of  Coleraine),  and  Dal-Aradia,  was 
slain  by  his  kinsman,  Cumaidhe,  aided 
by  the  people  of  Fir- Lee. 

1 177.  *John  de  Courcy  was  opposed  in  his  ad- 
vance upon  Hy-Tuirtre  and  Fir-I^ee  by 
Cumaidhe  O'Flinn.  In  the  following 
year,  having  again  invaded  Dal-Aradia, 
he  encountered  Cumaidhe  O'Flinn,  lord 
of  Hy-Tuirtre  and  Fir- Lee,  and  having 
suffered  a  defeat  he  fled,  wounded,  to 
Dublin."  (See  Reeves'  Ecdcs.  Anti- 
quities^ pp.  294-296. )  The  Hy-Tuirtre 
continued  to  be  governed  by  their  own 
lords  or  chiefs,  the  O'Flinns,  until 
near  the  close  of  the  fourteenth  cen- 
tury. 


»> 


12  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

Gulban,  the  oldest  and  youngest  of  the  numerous  sons  of  Niall  the  Great,  appear  to  have  been 
ahvays  cordial,  hand-in-hand  workers  in  their  career  of  conquest  and  annexation.  Even  in  death 
they  were  not  long  divided,  for  Eoghan  is  reported  to  have  died  of  grief  on  hearing  that  Conall 
Gulban  had  gone  to  his  rest !  The  following  is  the  Four  Masters'  account  of  this  occurrence  under 
the  year  465  : — "Eoghan,  son  of  Niall  of  the  Nine  Hostages,  (from  whom  are  descended  the  Cinel- 
Eoghan)  died  of  grief  for  Conall  Gulban,  son  of  Niall  of  the  Nine  Hostages,  and  was  buried  at 
Uisce-Chain,  in  Inis-Eoghain,  concerning  which  was  said — 

• 

*' Eoghan,  son  of  Niall,  died 
Of  tears — good  his  nature — 

In  consequence  of  the  death  of  Conall,  of  hard  feats. 
So  that  his  grave  is  at  Uisce-Chain." 

Uisce-Chain  is  now  Iskaheen,  a  very  pleasant  locality — as  the  name  implies — ^adjoining  the 
present  townland  of  Aileach,  and  not  far  distant  from  the  ruins  of  Eoghan's  palace.  He  did  not 
pass,  however,  from  his  summer-house  and  arched  walks  on  the  hill,  down  to  take  his  rest  among 
the  quiet,  green  slopes  of  Iskaheen,  before  he  had  laid  deep  and  broad,  the  foundations  of  the 
great  house  of  O'Neill  in  Ulster.  The  principality  of  Tir-Eoghan  gradually  and  in  due  time 
absorbed  not  only  the  nine  cantreds  of  the  Oirghialla,  but  virtually,  also,  the  smaller  Uladh  after 
the  death  of  Congal  Claen,  althougb  it  continued  to  retain  its  originally  organised  form.  The 
Oirghialla  and  the  Hy-Niall  tribes  had  probably  less  difficulty  in  uniting  for  the  same  objects,  or  in 
a  common  policy,  from  the  fact  that  they  were  really  kindred  races,  being  both  descended  from 
Cairbre  Lifeachair,  a  monarch  of  Erin,  a.d.  277.  In  the  interval,  however,  between  the  death  of 
Eoghan  and  the  commencement  of  the  Norse  invasions  of  the  eighth  century,  several  princes  of 
the  Ulster  Hy-Niall  had  the  honour  of  being  elected  to  the  chief  throne  of  Ireland.  The  first  of 
them  who  enjoyed  this  distinction  was  his  grandson,  Murtagh  MacEarcha,  who  became  a  pattern 
ruler ;  and  the  next  prince  of  this  house,  elected  monarch  in  544,  was  Dermod,  contemporary  with 
his  troublesome  kinsman,  Columbkille,  or  St.  Columba,  descended  from  Conall  Gulban.  Dermod, 
soon  after  his  appointment,  became  a  distinguished  law-maker,  and  was  so  really  anxious  to 
inspire  his  subjects  with  a  love  of  what  was  just  and  right,  as  to  involve  himself  in  much  sorrow 
and  trouble.  It  so  happened  that  his  own  son,  Breasal,  was  the  first  to  violate  a  new  code  of  laws 
promulgated  by  the  monarch  ;  and  the  latter  felt  that  should  he  shrink,  even  at  the  outset,  on  any 
pretext,  from  the  due  administration  of  the  law,  the  labours  of  his  wisest  counsellors  would  have 
been  undertaken  comparatively  in  vain.  He  stood  firm  ;  and  allowed  the  law  to  take  its  course, 
although  it  inflicted  the  penalty  of  death  on  his  own  son.  Another  case,  not  so  lamentable,  but 
involving  great  trouble  and  calamity,  occurred  soon  afterwards.  A  son  of  the  king  of  Connaught, 
presuming  on  his  high,  and  as  he  believed,  irresponsible  position,  wantonly  slew  a  nobleman  during 
the  time  of  a  national  assembly  at  Tara.  On  finding,  however,  the  real  danger  of  his  position  in 
the  presence  of  Dermod's  new  code,  the  murderer  hastily  sought  shelter  with  Columbkille,  who  had 
then  become  a  great  power,  especially  in  the  North,  from  the  magnitude  of  his  ecclesiastical  per- 
formances.    Dermod,  who  did  not  spare  his  own  son,  could  not  be  expected,  imder  similar  circimi- 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION. 


13 


Stances,  to  spare  the  son  of- the  king  of  Connaught.  .  The  culprit,  therefore,  was  seized,  even  in  the 
presence  of  Columbkille,  tried  according  to  the  new  code,  found  guilty,  and  forthwith  executed. 
Another  case  of  a  different  class,  but  also  clearly  illustrative  of  Dermod's  sense  of  justice,  may  be 
mentioned.  A  certain  St  Finian  complained  that  Columbkille  had  copied  a  portion  of  the  sacred 
scriptures  from  a  manuscript  made  by  him  (Finian),  and  had  promulgated  the  contents  without  the 
owner's  knowledge  or  permission.  The  dispute  between  the  two  saints  was  carried  for  final  adjudi- 
cation before  the  king,  who  decided  that  Columbkille's  transcript  rightly  belonged  to  Finian,  sus- 
taining his  decision  with  the  curious  illustrative  remark — "to  every  cow  belongeth  her  calf,  and  to 
every  book  its  copy." 

But  Columbkille  did  not  accept  this  just  decision  as  a  genuine  saint  should  have  done.  He 
raged  against  the  good  king,  not  only  because  of  this  decision  in  the  small  affair  of  the  manuscript, 
but  because  of  the  punishment  justly  inflicted  on  the  young  Connacian,  whilst  under  his  (Columb- 
kille's)  protection.  He  rushed  first  among  his  immediate  kinsmen  and  connexions  in  Tirconnell, 
(for  he  was  bom  at  a  place  called  Gortin,  in  that  region),  rousing  them  by  such  arguments  as 
we  may  imagine  a  saint  such  as  he  could  employ,  on  the  subject,  perhaps,  of  the  profane  attempt 
made  by  the  monarch  to  restrict  the  circulation  of  scriptural  knowledge,  in  the  decision  then  recently 
made.  Whatever  may  have  been  his  utterances  in  Tirconnell,  he  succeeded  in  thoroughly  stirring 
up  the  fighting  population  against  the  king.  He  next  passed  into  Connaught,  crossing  the  Dubh- 
Rothair,  no  doubt  in  the  spirit  of  a  crusader,  and  calling  the  Connacians  to  arms  for  the  purpose  of 
avenging  the  execution  of  their  youthful  prince.  To  check  this  movement,  Dermod  sent  a  large 
force  northward,  consisting  of  more  than  two  thousand  men,  which  was  completely  defeated  at  a 
place  called  Cul-Dreimhne,  in  the  present  county  of  Sligo.  But,  although  victorious,  the  saint  thus 
drew  down  upon  himself  the  wrath  of  other  opponents  more  virulent  than  any  that  Dermod  could 
command.  These  were  his  brother  ecclesiastics,  who  imposed  what  was  called  a  canonical  penance 
upon  Columbkille,  for  causing  the  bloodshed  at  Cul-Dreimhne,  which  canonical  penance  would 
have  probably  proved  rather  troublesome  in  Tirconnell ;  so  he  beat  a  hasty  retreat  from  his  native  hills 
and  glens,  crossing  the  north  channel  in  company  with  twelve  of  his  disciples,  and  landing  in  lona,  since 
known  as  Icolmkille,  where  his  efforts  for  the  spread  of  the  Gospel  subsequently  became  so  cele- 
brated (16).     It  may  be  stated,  however,  that  when  peaceable  relations  were  established  between 


(16).  So  ceyfrated, — Readers  wishing  to  become  ac- 

Qoaintedwith  all  the  known  facts  of  St.  CoIumba*s  career 

would  consult  Dr.   Reeves's  already  celebrated  edition 

of  Adamnan's  life  of  this  saint,  who  was  concerned  not 

ool^  in  the  battle  above-mentioned,  but  in  two  others, 

•itth  were  fought  respectively  at  Coleraine  and  Clonard. 

Respecting  the  two  last  mentioned,  Dr.  Reeves  has  the 

foDowing  notices : — **As  the  battle  of  Cul-Dremhne  arose 

in  part  from  a  religious  dispute  with  St.  Finnian,  so  that 

of  Col-Rathain,  or  Coleraine,  is  described  as  the  result  of 

a  quarrel  with   St   Comgall  of  Bangor.     The  modem 

oame  of  Ros-Torathair  is  not  known,  but  the  place  was 

•wncwhere  near  Coleraine  ;  and  it  is  very  possible  that 

Me  collision  did  take  place  between  the  saints  about 

jmisdictioD,  as  St.  Comgall's  abbey  church  of  Camus  was 


situated  close  to  Coleraine,  and  St.  Colimiba  is  recorded 
to  have  been  occasionally  in  that  neighbourhood.  Besides, 
the  territory  west  of  Coleraine  was  the  debatable  ground 
between  the  Dal-Araidhe,  St.  Comghall's  kinsmen,  and 
the  Hy-Neill,  of  St.  Columba's  tril^  Fiachna,  son  of 
Baedan,  with  kinsmen  of  the  Clanna-Rudhraighe,  are  de- 
scribed as  the  belligerents  on  the  Dalaradian  side.  Now 
this  Fiachna  was  lord  of  Dalaradia,  and  is  spoken  of  in 
the  life  of  St.  Comgall  as  residing  at  Rath-mor,  in  Moy- 
linny  (the  moat  in  Donegore,  county  of  Antrim),  and  a 

devoted  friend  of  the  Saint That  the  battle 

of  Cul-Rathain,  though  not  recorded  in  the  Annals,  was 
fought, — that  he  was  a  leader  therein, — and  that  it  took 
place  in  consequence  of  the  jealousies  of  the  Dalaradians 
and  the  Hy-Neill,  quickened  into  action  by  the  influence 


14 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Dermod  and  the  saint,  the  latter  got  back  his  transcript  of  Finian's  manuscript,  which  was  after- 
wards preserved  during  many  centuries  in  the  O'Donnell  family  (descendants  of  Conall  Gulban),  and 
which  now  actually  lies  in  the  museum  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy.  Dermod's  dust  sleeps  partly 
in  Clonmacnoise,  and  partly  in  Connor,  county  of  Antrim,  his  head  being  buried  at  the  former  place, 
and  his  body  at  the  latter,  near  which  he  had  fallen  in  battle. 

The  princes  of  this  great  Ulster  house  or  family  of  O'Neill,  who  afterwards  became  monarchs 
of  Erin,  during  the  incursions  of  the  Northmen,  were  generally  remarkable  for  their  bravery  and 
patriotism,  amidst  those  scenes  of  terror,  bloodshed,  misery,  and  widespread  depravity  then  wit- 
nessed throughout  this  province.  The  Danes  and  Norwegians  sometimes  came  on  friendly  terms 
with  each  other,  but  not  unfrequently  in  hostile  bands,  deciding  their  quarrels  on  Irish  soil,  and 
compelling  the  natives  to  lend  a  hand  in  such  conflicts,  which  were  to  be  succeeded,  as  a  matter  of 
course,  by  wider  and  greater  desolation  among  the  Irish  themselves.  These  terrible  northern 
marauders  began  to  appear  in  the  closing  years  of  the  eighth  century,  and  in  less  than  thirty  years 
afterwards,  when  they  had  carried  off"  all  the  treasures  from  religious  establishments  within  reach 
of  the  coasts,  they  evinced  an  unmistakeable  determination  to  introduce  permanent  settlers  from 
their  own  countries.  Niall  Caille,  who  was  appointed  chief  monarch  in  833,  took  care  to  interrupt 
as  much  as  possible  their  designs  of  colonising,  defeating  them  in  two  pitched  battles,  one  of  which  was 
fought  in  the  vicinity  of  Derry,  and  the  other  further  west  in  Tirconnell.  After  his  death,  his  son, 
Aedh  Finnliath,  elected  monarch  in  863,  continued  the  struggle  with  even  greater  success,  slaying 
thousands  of  the  Northmen  in  Inis-Eoghan,  or  Inishowen,  and  plundering  their  new  settlements  on 
the  coasts.  One  grand  onslaught  is  noticed  as  follows  by  the  Four  Masters,  at  the  year  864  : — "A 
complete  muster  of  the  north  was  made  by  Aedh  Finnliath,  so  that  he  plundered  the  fortresses  of 
the  foreigners  wherever  they  were  in  the  north,  both  in  Cinel-Eoghan  and  Dalaraidhe ;  and  he 
carried  off"  their  (the  foreigners*)  cattle  and  accoutrements,  their  goods  and  chattels.  The  foreigners 
of  the  province  came  together  at  Loch-Feabhail  [Lough  Foyle],     After  Aedh,  king  of  Ireland,  had 


of  their  respective  arch-ecclesiastics,  is  extremely  prob- 
able ;  only  it  was  a  military  event  which  foawedy  not 
preceded^  St,  Columba's  settlement  in  Hy  [lona]. 

**The  third  battle,  that  of  Cul-fedha,  or  Bealach-fedha 
(probably  at  or  near  Clonard),  was  fought  in  5S7.  .  . 
How  far  St.  Columba  participatetl  in  this  transaction  is 
not  recorded,  but  that  he  was  deeply  interested  in  it  ap- 
pears evident  from  the  words  of  Tighemach,  a  sentiment 
which  the  Four  Masters  studiously  suppress." 

**Thus,  we  find  St.  Columba  directly  or  indirectly 
concerned  in  three  battles,  the  earliest  of  which  occurred 
in  the  year  but  one  before  his  retirement  to  Britain,  and 
the  others  at  later  periods,  one  of  them  after  he  had  been 
twenty-four  years  in  the  abbacy  of  Hy.  The  first,  his 
biographers  and  panegyrists  acknowledge  to  have  been 
the  grand  error  of  his  life,  for  which  he  paid  the  penalty 
of  pilgrimage  ;  but  to  save  his  character  after  he  became 
the  apostle  of  the  Northern  Picts,  and  the  religious 
exemplar  of  the  Albanian  Scots,  the  device  is  resorted  to 
of  ante<lating  the  other  occurrences  in  which  the  failing  of 
his  nature  betrayed  itself ;  and  whereas  his  participation 
in  these  evils  could  not  be  denied,  it  was  thrust  back  into 


the  irresponsible  part  of  his  life,  rather  than  allow  it  to  l>e 
numbered  among  the  acts  of  his  maturity.  That  Columba, 
closely  allied  to  the  principals  in  these  deeds  of  strife,  and 
within  one  step  himself  of  the  object  they  were  contending 
for,  should  look  on  with  indifiercnce,  is  not  to  be  expecieil 
— especially  in  an  age  of  revolution,  and  among  a  people 
whose  constitution  and  national  construction  renderetl 
civil  faction  almost  inseparable  from  their  existence.  It 
was  not  until  804,  that  the  monastic  communities  of  Ire- 
land were  formally  exempted  from  military  service  ;  anil 
the  endeavours  of  Fothadh,  the  canonist,  in  procuring 
this  enactment  from  Aedh-Oirdnidhe,  the  monarch  of 
Ireland,  form  the  subject  of  panegyric  and  s{)ecial  men- 
tion in  the  Annals.  .  .  .  The  same  principle  which 
caused  St.  Columba*s  panegyrists  to  represent  his  battles 
as  delinquencies  of  his  youths  operated  with  the  Four 
Masters,  when  compiling  their  comprehensive  Annals 
from  earlier  authorities,  in  dealing  with  those  oft-recurring 
monastic  encounters,  and  as  there  was  no  opening  for  a 
transfer  of  the  blame,  they  suppressed  the  mention  of 
them."  AAdiXaxaxi^Lifeof  St,  C<?////i^<f,  edited  by  Reeves, 
pp.  253.255. 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION. 


15 


learned  that  this  gathering  of  strangers  was  on  the  borders  of  his  country,  he  was  not  negligent  in 
attending  to  them,  for  he  marched  towards  them  with  all  his  forces ;  and  a  battle  wa^  fought  fiercely 
and  spiritedly  on  both  sides  between  them.  The  victory  was  gained  over  the  foreigners,  and  a 
slaughter  was  made  of  them.  Their  heads  were  collected  to  one  place,  in  the  presence  of  the  king ; 
and  twelve  score  heads  was  the  number  reckoned  before  him,  which  was  the  number  slain  by  him 
in  that  battle,  besides  the  numbers  of  them  who  were  wounded  and  carried  off  by  him  in  the  agonies 
of  death,  and  who  died  of  their  wounds  some  time  afterwards." 

A  son  of  Aedh  Finnliath,  named  Niall,  and  nicknamed  Glundubh^  or  *  Black-Knee,'  was  chosen 

to  succeed  as'monarch  of  Erin,  in  916  ;  but  his  reign  was  brief,  for  he  fell  sword  in  hand  three  years 

afterwards,  defending  Ulster  against  a  greater  than  usual  horde  of  Northmen,  who  arrived  in  the 

autumn  of  919.     From  this  Niall  Glundubh,  the  whole  race  or  family  took  their  surname  of  CNeilL 

A  great  grandson  of  Niall  Glundubh,  known  as  Maelseachlainn,  or  Malachi  II.,  was  elected  in  980, 

and  signalised  his  reign  by  two  crushing  defeats  of  the  Northmen,  obtaining  greater  victories  than  any 

previously  won  against  them  during  the  long  and  terrible  struggle  that  had  been  going  on  since  their 

'first  appearance  in  797.     These  victories  were  achieved  at  Tara  and  Dublin,  and  were  attended  by  the 

happiest  results  for  the  country.     Before  the  victory  at  Tara  the  inhabitants  had  been  reduced  to  the 

most  deplorable  condition — a  fact  but  too  significantly  told  in  a  proclamation  issued  by  the  brave 

monarch,  inmiediately  after  the  battle.     "  It  was  then,"  say  the  Four  Masters,  **  Maelseachlainn 

himself  issued  the  famous  proclamation,  in  which  he  said — *  Every  one  of  the  Gaeidhil,  who  is  in 

the  territory  of  the  foreigners,  in  servitude  and  bondage,  let  him  go  to  his  own  territory  in  peace 

and  happiness.     This  captivity  was  the  Babylonian  captivity  of  Ireland,  until  they  were  released  by 

Maelseachlainn  ;  it  was  indeed  next  to  the  captivity  of  Hell."     In  his  battle  subsequently  with  the 

Northmen,  near  the  present  city  of  Dublin,  the  victory  gained  by  the  Irish  over  their  oppressors  was 

equally  decisive.     Among  the  booty  then  seized  by  Malachi  were  a  golden  collar  and  a  sword,  which 

had  been  preserved  as  family  treasures  among  the  descendants  of  a  great  Scandinavian  prince  named 

Tomar.    The  Four  Masters  notice  this  incident  of  the  battle  at  Ath-Cliath,  or  Dublin,  as  follows  : — 

"The  ring  of  Tomar  and  the  sword  of  Carlus  were  carried  away  by  force'  by  Maelseachlainn,  from 

the  foreigners  of  Ath-Cliath."     Our  Irish  bard  has  the  following  popular  and  spirited  comment : — 

**  Let  Erin  remember  the  days  of  old, 

Ere  her  faithless  sons  betrayed  her — 
When  Malachi  wore  the  collar  of  gold, 

Which  he  won  from  her  proud  invader."  (17). 


y^  Prcud  invader. — It  is  not  surprising  that  even 
^t  victories,  tending  to  weaken  the  power  of  the  Norse- 
™^  vere  hailed  by  the  Irish  everywhere  with  delight. 
^  old  chronicler,  -describing  the  extent  of  the  slavery 
^f^osed  by  these  invaders  on  the  native  Irish,  informs  us 
^  "such  was  the  oppressiveness  of  the  tribute  and  rent 
^  the  foreigners  over  all  Erinn  at  large,  and  generally, 
^  there  was  a  king  from  them  over  every  territory,  and 
*  chief  over  every  chieftainry,  and  an  abbot  over  every 
church,  and  a  steward  over  every  village,  and  a  soldier  in 
^■ciy  house,  so  that  none  of  the  men  of  Erinn  had  power 


to  give  even  the  milk  of  his  cow,  nor  as  much  as  the 
clutch  of  eggs  of  one  hen  in  succour  or  in  kindness  to  an 
aged  man,  or  to  a  friend,  but  was  forced  to  preserve  them 
for  the  foreign  steward,  or  bailiff,  or  soldier.  And  though 
there  were  but  one  milk-giving  cow  in  the  house,  ^e 
durst  not  be  milked  for  an  mfant  of  one  night,  nor  for  a 
sick  person,  but  must  be  kept  for  the  steward,  or  bailiff, 
or  soldier,  of  the  foreigners.  And  however  long  he  might 
be  absent  from  the  house,  his  share  or  his  supply  durst 
not  be  lessened ;  although  there  was  in  the  house  but  one 
cow,  it  must  be  killed  for  the  meal  of  one  night,  if  the 


i6 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Although  Malachi  lived  until  the  year  1023,  he  had  not  the  glory  of  inflicting  the  crowning 
defeat  on  the  Northmen  at  Clontarf  in  10 14,  for  his  ally,  Brian  Boiroimhe,  previously  raised  a  com- 
motion against  him,  and  was  able  to  depose  the  old  northern  hero  from  the  chifef  throne.  In  these 
proceedings  Brian  Boiroimhe  was  the  agent  of  a  great  southern  party,  who  had  become  jealous  of 
the  frequency  with  which  monarchs  for  Ireland  were  drawn  from  the  northern  house  of  O'Neill,  and 
had,  therefore,  combined  to  interrupt  or  put  an  end  to  that  arrangement  This  southern  party 
professed  to  be  reformers ;  and,  during  Brian's  reign  of  twelve  years,  some  roads  and  bridges  were 
made  throughout  the  country,  and  the  inhabitants  were  encouraged,  as  a  matter  of  convenience,  to 
adopt  the  use  of  surnames.  Brian  immortalised  himself  by  his  great  closing  grapple  with  the 
Northmen  at  Clontarf,  which  resulted  in  the  extinction  of  their  power  throughout  Ireland  He  only 
lived,  however,  to  see  the  enemy  routed,  and  the  avengers  on  their  track ;  for  he  could  not  have  had 
time,  before  his  assassination  by  a  straggling  Dane,  to  comprehend  how  thoroughly  complete  and 
magnificent  was  the  victory  he  had  then  achieved  From  the  date  of  his  death,  the  struggle  went  on  be- 
tween the  Irish  north  and  south  about  the  monarchy  ;  and  during  its  progress  Malachi  II.  r^ained 
his  lost  seat,  which  he  occupied  untH  the  time  of  his  death.  That  event  is  noticed  in  the  following 
terms,  by  the  Four  Masters  : — "  Maelseachlainn  Mor,  son  of  Domhnall,  son  of  Donnchadh,  pillar 
of  the  dignity  and  nobility  of  the  west  of  the  world,  died  on  Cro-inis,  Loch  Aininn,  after  having 
been  forty-three  years  in  sovereignty  over  Ireland,  according  to  the  Book  of  Cluain-mic-Nois,  .  . 
.  .  after  being  anointed  by  the  hands  of  Amhalghaidh,  successor  of  Patrick,  for  he,  and  the 
successor  of  Colum-Cille,  and  the  successor  of  Ciaran,  and  most  of  the  seniors  of  Ireland, 
were  present  at  his  death."  Towards  the  end  of  the  century  Murtagh  O'Brien,  a  grandson  of  Brian 
Boiroimhe,  was  chosen  chief  monarch,  and  by  way  of  putting  an  end  to  all  Hy-Niall  pretensions  in 
future,  he  marched  a  hrge  army  into  Inishowen,  and  demolished  the  ancient  palace  of  Aileach, 
actually  carrying  back  some  of  its  heaviest  materials  into  Munster,  as  trophies  of  his  success.  A 
grandson  of  Maelseachlainn,  known  as  Murtagh  MacLaughlan,  of  the  same  house  of  O'Neill, 
revived  the  family  prestige  for  a  time,  although  he  was  the  last  of  his  line  to  enjoy  the  distinction  of 
being  elected  monarch — a  distinction  so  repeatedly  won  by  his  ancestors,  at  longer  or  shorter  inter- 


means  of  a  supply  could  not  be  otherwise  procured.  And 
the  most  fit  person  of  the  family  was  obliged  to  take 
wages,  the  day  on  which  he  embarked  on  boanl  ship  with 
his  lord,  and  must  be  supplied  with  provision  as  if  he  was 
at  home  [/>.,  the  most  useful  member  of  any  familv  was 
thus  carried  away  into  slavery,  with  as  much  of  the  family 
means  as  would  support  him  during  his  |>eriod  of  absence]. 
And  an  ounce  of  silver,  Findrum,  for  every  nose  (as  a  tax), 
besides  the  royal  tribute  afterwards  every  year ;  and  he 
who  had  not  the  means  of  paying  it  had  himself  to  go  into 
slavery  for  it.  In  a  word,  although  there  were  an  hundred 
hard-steeled  iron  heads  on  one  neck,  and  an  hundred 
sharp,  ready,  cool,  never-rusting  brazen  tongues  in  each 
heacl,  and  an  hundred  garrulous,  loud,  unceasing  voices 
from  each  tongue,  they  could  not  recount,  or  narrate, 
what  all  the  Gaedhil  suffered  in  common,  both  men  and 
women,  laity  and  clergy,  old  and  young,  noble  and  ignoble, 
of  hardship,  and  of  injury,  ana  of  oppression,  in  every 


house,  from  these  valiant,  wrathful,  foreign,  purely-pagan 
people.  Even  though  great  was  this  cruelty,  oppression, 
and  tyranny;  though  numerous  were  the  oft-victorious 
clans  of  the  many-familied  Erinn  ;  though  numerous  were 
their  kings,  and  their  royal  chiefs,  and  their  princes  ; 
though  numerous  their  heroes,  and  champions,  and  their 
brave  soldiers,  their  chiefs  of  valour  and  renown,  an<l 
deeds  of  arms ;  yet  none  of  them  was  able  to  give  relief, 
alleviation,  or  deliverance  from  that  oppression  and 
tyranny,  from  the  numbers  and  multitudes,  and  the  cruelty, 
and  the  wrath  of  the  brutal,  ferocious,  furious,  untamed, 
implacable  hordes  by  whom  that  oppression  was  inflicted, 
.  .  .  .  because  of  the  excess  of  their  thirst  and  their 
hunger  for  the  brave,  fruitful,  nobly-inhabited,  full  of 
cataracts,  rivers,  bays,  pure,  smooth-plained,  sweet -grassy, 
land  of  Erin."  IVar  of  the  Gaedhil  with  the  Gaill,  trans- 
lated, with  Introduction  and  Notes,  by  Dr.  J.  H.  Todd, 

PP-  49-53- 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION. 


17 


vals,  during  a  period  of  six  hundred  years.  Murtagh  MacLaughlan  did  not  attempt  to  rebuild  the 
old  family  palace  of  Aileach,  which  lies  in  ruins  ever  since  its  demolition ;  but  he  left  a  somewhat 
equivocal  l^acy  to  his  country,  for  he  was  progenitor  of  that  beautiful  Dervorgilla  who  married 
CyRuairc  or  O'Rourke  of  Breifny,  and  who,  as  an  Irish  Helen,  was  supposed  to  be  the  cause  of 
many  of  Ireland's  sorrows  (18). 

No  sooner  were  the  O'Neill  princes  relieved  from  the  prosecution  of  such  ambitious  projects  as 

had  been  found  necessary  to  place  so  many  of  their  ancestors  on  the  supreme  throne,  than  they  began 

to  devote  themselves  more  immediately  to  the  duties  of  their  own  proper  sphere  as  rulers  of  Ulster. 

Their  first  object  was  to  consolidate  the  several  fragments  of  territory  in  the  north  into  one  strong 

government,  although,  indeed,  even  whilst  the  inhabitants  suffered  from  the  dire  effects  of  Norse 

invasions  and  settlements,  they  had  maintained,  for  so  far,  an  unwavering  allegiance  to  the  house  of 

(yNeilL      The  deep  and  general  sentiment  of  respect  throughout  all  Ulster  towards  that  family  was 

tiuly  expressed  by  O'Dugan,  when,  in  his  characteristic  sketches  of  the  several  peoples  and  territories 

of  the  North,  he  said — 

"  We  shaU  not  halt  till  we  reach  to  Aileach, 
To  the  race  of  Eoghan  of  valiant  arms, 
Who  have  obtained  the  palm  of  greatness,  without  fraud — 
The  acme  of  the  nobility  of  Erin. " 

A  truly  noble  distinction  this !  To  have  attained  to  such  greatness  as  the  O'Neills  had  won, 
and  without  fraud,  indeed,  entitled  them  to  be  hailed  as  the  very  acme  of  the  nobility 
of  the  whole  land.  It  is  not  surprising  that,  with  their  qualifications  of  bravery  and  strict  integrity, 
they  soon  took  their  place  at  the  head  of  those  other  Ulster  chiefs,  who  might  have  been  regarded 


(18).    Ireland* s    sorrows. — This    celebrated    beauty, 
whose  name  is  written  variously,  Dearbhforgill,  Dervor- 
gall,  Dervoi]gilla,  and  Derbhorcaill,  was  the  daughter  of 
Mnrchadh,  who  died  in  1 153,   son  of  Domhnall,  who 
died  in  1094,  son  of  Flann,  slain  in  1013,  son  of  Mael- 
stachlainn,  or  Malachy,  the  heroic  Hy-Niall  monarch  of 
Ireland.     Dervorgilla  became  the   wife  of  Tigheman 
ORonrke,  but  in  the  year  11 52  she  eloped  with,  or  was 
carried  oflf  by,  Diarmaid  Mac  Sf  urchadha,  more  familiarly 
known  as  Dennod  MacMorough,  king  of  Leinster,  and 
l*<afflc  thus  the  cause  of  his  introducing  the  English 
into  Ireland,  to  sustain  him  against  the  assaults  of  cer- 
tain powerful  enemies  whom  his  misconduct  had  thus 
sommoned   against    him.     In  the  following   year   she 
returned  to  her  husband,  persuading  him,  no  doubt,  that 
^had  been  carried  off  by  force,  but  it  was  believed  that 
^  would  not  have  re-appeared  in  Breifny  so  soon,  had 
^  her  lover,  Dermod,  been  obliged  to  leave  her  and  fly 
to  England  for  aid.     As  an  evidence,  however,   of  her 
^^^  to  compensate  for  the  past,  she  became  a  distin- 
P"shed  benefactor  of  the  Church,  and  eventually  died  in 
we  Abbey  of  Millifont,  in  the  year  1193,  aged  85.     Old 
Hanmer,  who  puts  the  most  uncharitable  construction 
jn  her  conduct,  ignorantly  concludes  his  reference  to 
^elopement   or  abduction  as  follows: — **When  he 
fDcnnodJ  saw  himself  quite  forsaken,  voyde  and  desti- 
tute of  all  ayde,  he  betooke  himselfe  to  the  sea,  and  fled 

C 


for  England,  but  what  became  of  the  Harlot  I  cannot 
leame ;  belike  shee  hanged  herselfe  when  shee  had  sett 
all  the  country  in  uprore.  (See  Ancient  Irish  Histories^ 
vol.  ii.,  p.  221.)  Although  Dervorgilla's  elopement  or 
abduction  was  undoubtedly  the  cause  of  the  troubles 
which  eventually  led  to  the  introduction  of  the  English, 
that  event  did  not  take  place  for  many  years  after  her 
flight  in  1 1 52.  "Giralaus  Cambrensis  (who  has  been 
followed  by  nearly  all  subsequent  writers  on  the  subject) 
represents  this  elopement  as  the  proximate  cause  of  the 
invasion  of  Ireland  by  the  Anglo-Normans.  But  this  is 
more  than  doubtful.  Giraldus  refers  the  elopement  to 
the  year  11 52.  Under  11 53,  the  Four  Masters  record 
the  return  of  Derbhorcaill  to  her  husband.  An  interval 
of  fourteen  years  elapsed,  therefore,  between  the  elope- 
ment of  Derbhorcaill  and  the  advent  of  Strongbow  and 
his  companions,  during  which  period  many  other  causes 
concurred  to  provoke  the  hostility  which  led  to  Dermoot*s 
expulsion,  and  to  his  subsequent  appeal  for  assistance  to 
Henry  II.  **  (See  Annals  of  Loch  Ci\  translated  and 
edited  by  W.  M.  Hennessy,  vol.  ii.,  pp.  172,  173.)  Sir 
John  Davys  has  no  mention  of  Dervorgilla  in  his  refer- 
ence to  this  crisis  in  Ireland's  history,  hut  simply  repre- 
sents **the  Lord  of  Leinster"  [MacMorough]  as  ** being 
oppressed  by  the  Lords  of  Meth  and  Connaught,  and 
expelled  out  of  his  territories."  See  Historical  Tracts^ 
p.  6. 


i8 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


in  many  respects  as  their  compeers,  for  the  estates  of  the  (XNeills  comfvehended^^no  more  than 
the  present  counties  of  Tyrone  and  Armagh,  the  one  barony  of  Orior  excepted,  although 
they  derived  tribute  from  the  other  chieftains  of  Ulster.  Among  these  others,  the  O'DonneUs, 
a  kindred  race,  descendants  of  Conall  Gulban,  stood  next  to  the  children  of  Eoghan 
themselves.  O'Dugan,  who  speaks  very  favourably  of  the  O'Donnells,  designates  them  as  "  the  Clann- 
I>alaigh  of  brown  shields," — this  their  tribe-name,  being  derived  from  Daiachj  one  of  their  most 
distinguished  chieftains,  who  died  in  the  year  868,  whilst  from  his  grandson,  Domhnall,  came  their 
hereditary  surname  of  O'Donnell.  Their  adherence  to  their  kinsmen,  the  O'Neills,  remained  un- 
shaken until  after  the  coming  of  the  English,  to  whom  they  occasionally  transferred  their  all^iance, 
and  by  whose  influence  they  were  able  to  extend  their  territory.  Originally,  they  had  been  only 
lords  of  one  cantred  called  Cinel-Luighdheach,  of  which  Kilmacrenan  was  the  most  noted  district,  as 
containing  their  church,  residence,  and  inauguration  chair ;  but  subsequently  to  the  English  invasion 
the  O'Donnell  representatives  became  princes  or  kings  of  all  Tirconnell  (19).  Another  kindred 
race,  constituting  also  a  powerful  sept  were  the  O'Cathains,  or  O'Cahans,  descended  in  common 
with  the  O'Neills  themselves  from  Eoghan.  This  family  of  O'Cahan  first  appears  in  history  under 
the  tribe  name  oi  Fir-na-Craebh^  or  *Men  of  the  Creeve,'  the  territory  of  Creeve  being  situated  on 
th*:  western  side  of  the  lower  Bann,  and  so  called  from  the  celebrated  cataract  oi Eas-Craeibhey  after- 
wards known  as  the  'Salmon  Leap,'  and,  since  the  beginning  of  the  seventeenth  century,  known 
as  the  *  Cutts,'  in  the  vicinity  of  Coleraine.  Its  first  name,  Craebh,  or  Creeve,  had  been  that  of  a 
lady  who  was  drowned  at  this  point  in  the  river,  and  the  daughter  of  a  chieftain  who  occupied 
the  ancient  fortress  of  Dun-da-Bheann^  now  known  as  Mount  Sandal.  The  Fir-na-Craebh,  or 
O'Cahans,  displaced  the  Cianachta  (descendants  of  a  prince  named  Cian),  from  the  territory  still 
retaining  from  them  the  name  of  Keenaght^  and  now  forming  one  of  the  baronies  in  the  county  of 


(19).  All  TirconnelL — Dr.  O'Donovan  has  collected 
several  notices  from  the  Annals  of  the  Four  Masters^  be- 
tween the  years  641  and  1207,  to  **  show  that  the  O'Don- 
nells  had  little  swav  in  Tirconnell  till  after  the  arrival  of  the 
English  in  Irclancl."  During  that  long  interval  only  four 
chieftains  of  that  immediate  family  appear  to  have  held 
the  supreme  place  in  Tirconnell,  or,  as  the  territory  was 
always  designated  in  early  times,  Cinel-ConailL  The 
first  of  these  was  Dalach,  slain  in  868,  from  whom  the 
family  was  known  as  the  Clann-Dalaigh  (see  above). 
Dalach's  son,  called  Eignechan,  who  died  in  901,  was 
also  lonl  or  head  of  the  Cinel-Conaill.  Another  Eig- 
neachan  O'Donnell  ruled  at  the  commencement  of  the 
thirteenth  century,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son  of  the 
tame  name,  in  1207.  The  two  O'Donnells  last  mentioned 
were  appointed  after  the  coming  of  De  Courcy ;  and 
from  that  time  the  Clann  Dalaigh  continued  to  furnish 
chiefs  or  lords  for  the  whole  territory  of  Cinel-Conaill, 
instead  of  minor  leaders  in  only  one  cantred.  (See 
Battle  of  Magh  Rath^  pp.  337,  338.)  It  would  appear 
that  the  O'Donnells,  soon  after  the  coming  of  the  Eng- 
lish, entered  on  a  course  of  rivalry  with  the  O'Neills, 
which  had  the  effect  of  thoroughly  weakening  both 
these  great  kindred  races.  Their  common  origin  was 
Appealed  to,  at  an  early  period,  by  the  monarch  Domh- 
nall, at  a  motive  for  tneir  uniting  against  the  designs  of 


Congal  Claen.  **  In  whom  is  it  more  becoming,"  says 
Domhnall,  **to  check  the  imjust  judgments  of  Conj^ 
and  to  humble  the  haughty  words  of  the  Ultonians, 
or  to  protect  the  race  of  Conall  [the  O'Donnelb]  from 
violent  assaults,  than  in  the  princes  of  Aileach  [the 
O'Neills]?  For  no  two  tribes  of  the  old  surnames  of 
the  men  of  Erin  are  the  vessels  formed  by  one  hand,  the 
race  of  one  father,  the  offspring  of  one  mother,  of  one 
conception,  of  one  fostering,  but  we  and  you.  Where- 
fore, our  fathers,  £k>ghan  the  renowned,  and  Conall  the 
defensive,  have  bequeathed  unto  us  the  same  prowess 
and  gifts,  freedom  and  noble-heartedness,  victory,  affec- 
tion, and  brotheriy  love."  (See  Battle  of  Magh  Rath^ 
pp.  145,  147.)  From  this  passage  it  would  appear  that 
not  only  were  Eoehan  and  Conall  Gulban  brotners,  but 
twin-brothers,  and  the  two  races  of  O'Neills  and  O'Don- 
nells respectively  descended  from  these  brothers,  had 
thus  an  additional  obligation  to  be  united.  And  they 
were  very  generally  and  closely  united  in  their  clan  career 
until  the  O  Donnells  came  into  contact  with  the  English. 
And  although  the  rivalry,  and  even  hostility  which  then 
sprung  up  between  them  were  at  times  allowed  to  sleep, 
they  never  died  out,  and  indeed  eventually  became  one 
leading  cause  of  the  ruin  of  both  families,  at  Uie  battle 
of  Kinsale,  in  the  year  1601. 


ULSTER   BEFORE   THE    PLANTATION.  1 9 

Londonderry.     The  O'Cahans  are  referred  to  by  O'Dugan  as  *  of  the  race  of  Eoghan  of  valour.' 

Their  chieftains  gradually  extended  their  rule  over  the  whole  of  the  region  known  as  Oireacht 

Ui  Cathain^  *  O'Cahan's  country/  but  were  tributaries  or  vassals  of  the  O'Neills,  and,  perhaps,  their 

most  trusted  adherents.     Another  kindred  race  were  the  O'Reillys,  anciently  the  (y Raghallaigh^ 

descended  from  Brian,  a  brother  of  Niall  of  the  Nine  Hostages,  and  therefore  kinsmen  to  the 

O'Neills,  and  the  other  great  families  now  mentioned.      O'Dugan  designates  the  O'Reillys  as  *  the 

O'Raghallaigh  of  red  arms,'  and  *  of  rough  incursions,'  because  of  their  fierce  raids  into  other 

territories.      Anciently,  the   O'Reillys  occupied   a  territory  called   Muintir-Maoilmordha,  which 

comprised  as  much  of  the  present  county  of  Cavan  as  is  not  included  in  the  baronies  of  Tullyhaw 

and  Tullyhunco  ;  but  eventually  their  sway  extended  over  these  portions  also.     The  Mag  Uidhir 

or  Maguires  of  Fermanagh,  although  a  powerful  sept  of  the  Oirghialla,  were  also  kinsmen  of  the 

O'Neills,  the  Clann-CoUa  and  Hy-Niall  being  descended  from  a  common  ancestor. 

The  above-named  great  families  or  septs  occupied  the  six  several  counties  of  Ulster  afterwards 
destined  for  plantation,  and  were  sustained  by  other  septs  therein  of  minor  importance   whose 
names  and  territories  will  also  be  duly  noticed  in  the  progress  of  our  narrative.     In  the  meantime, 
the  reader  is  required  to  observe  that,   prior  to  the  English  invasion,  Ulster  throughout  its  whole 
length  and  breadth,  from  Fair  Head  to  the  Fewes  mountains,  and  from  the  shores  of  the  North 
Channel  and  the  Irish  Sea  to  the  boundary  line  with  Connaught,  acknowledged  the  authority  of  the 
O'Neills  as  paramount     The  sub-kings  or  vassal  chiefs,  it  is  true,  often  quarrelled  with  each  other 
(as  those  of  the  same  class  in  all  European  lands  did)  many  feuds  arising  and  being  fought  out, 
even  amongst  leading  families  of  the  same  clan  ;  but  none  ventured  permanently  to  dispute  with 
Tk  ONeill^  however  much,  or  often,  the  minor  families  of  that  surname  might  be  found  in  conflict 
^th  others.     Indeed,  the  inhabitants  of  this  province,  under  the  long  line  of  their  Irian  or  Rudri- 
oan  kings,  had  been  a  comparatively  peace-loving  race,  and  it  was  chiefly  owing  to  the  new  and 
l^ely  foreign  element  introduced  by  the  Clann-Colla  that  Ulster  became  a  decidedly  warlike  sec- 
tion of  Ireland.     The  tumult  and  confusion  then  occasioned  by  the  violent  bringing  in  of  many 
setders  from  Alba,  and  probably  other  foreign  parts,  continued  at  longer  or  shorter  intervals,  to 
convert  this  province  into  a  sort  of  pandemonium  for  a  period  of  at  least  two  centuries.     There 
c^e  afterwards  a  comparatively  peaceful  time,  not  only  for  Ulster,  but  for  Ireland,  from  the 
beginning  of  the  fifth  until  nearly  the  close  of  the  eighth  century.     After  the  expulsion  of  the 
Norsemen  the  country  had  another  breathing  time  from  foreign  invasion ;  and  had  Ireland  been  then 
^ft  to  herself,  as  England  and  Scotland  were,  it  is  reasonably  supposed  that  she  would  have  risen  above 
her  sorrows,  even  perhaps  sooner  than  they,  and  entered  on  her  upward  path.  England  gradually  aban- 
<Joned  her  heptarchy,  and  was  content,  after  long  internal  strife  and  bloodshed,  to  be  governed 
by  one  sovereign ;  Scotland,  slowly  and  through  terrible  internecine  struggles,  became  partially  united 
^n  under  her  later  Dalriadic  kings ;  and  Ireland  would  have  moved,  but  probably  with  more 
'^pidity,  in  the  same  path,  giving  up  her  provincial  kings  in  succession,  until  some  one  of  her  great 
^milies,  whether  an  O'Neill,  an  O'Brien,  or  an  O'Connor,  would  have  risen  permanently  to  the 
throne.    The  English  invaders,  however,  who  began  to  come  at  the  call  of  Dermod  MacMorough, 


20  THE  PLANTATION  IN  ULSTER. 

whilst  they  prevented  the  growth  of  a  strong  central  power  in  this  country,  were  wholly  unable  for 
a  long  period  to  supply  any  adequate  authority  in  its  place.  "  The  Anglo-Norman  settlement  on 
the  east  coast  of  Ireland,"  says  Sir  Henry  Maine,  "  acted  like  a  running  sore,  constantly  irritating 
the  Celtic  regions  beyond  the  Pale,  and  deepening  the  confusion  which  prevailed  there.  If  the 
country  had  been  left  to  itself,  one  of  the  great  Irish  tribes  would  almost  certainly  have  conquered 
the  rest.  .  .  Anglo-Norman  attempts  at  conquest,  never  consistently  carried  out,  or  thoroughly 
completed,  the  very  existence  of  the  Pale,  and  above  all  the  policy  directed  from  it  of  playing 
off  against  one  another  the  chiefs  beyond  its  borders,  are  allowed  by  all  to  have  distracted 
the  island  with  civil  war,  however  the  responsibility  for  it  is  to  be  apportioned.  See  Eariy 
History  of  Institutions^  pp.  54,  183. 

III. 
The  first  of  a  long  series  of  English  incursions  into  Ireland  was  but  the  adventure  of  a 
few  private  persons  of  freebooting  proclivities.  When  MacMorough  urged  Henry  11.  to  come,  by 
the  promise  of  being  able  to  obtain  for  him  the  sovereign  lordship  of  the  whole  country,  the  king 
refused  to  incur  the  expenses  of  an  expedition,  but  was  willing  to  grant  license  by  letters  patent 
to  such  of  his  subjects  as  might  wish,  at  their  own  expense,  to  become  adventurers  in  that 
enterprise.  Two  Welshmen,  named  Fitz-Stephen  and  Fitz-Gerald,  whom  MacMorough  met  and 
persuaded  at  Bristol,  were  the  first  to  appear  on  the  Irish  shore  with  a  party  of  390  men,  and  were 
followed  soon  afterwards  by  the  Earl  of  Pembroke,  surnamed  Strongbow^  at  the  head  of  a  force 
numbering  1,200.  These  adventurers  operated  so  successfully  on  the  coasts  of  Leinster  and 
Munster  that  the  English  king  himself  was  soon  induced  to  come  over ;  and  they  had  also  made  the 
way  so  smooth  before  him  that  all  the  little  kings  and  great  lords  alike,  in  the  three  provinces  of 
Leinster,  Munster,  and  Connaught,  were  easily  persuaded  to  become  tributaries,  and  to  accept  him 
as  their  sovereign  lord  "  Besides,"  says  Sir  John  Davys,  "  the  better  to  assure  this  inconstant 
Sea-nymph  [Ireland],  who  was  so  easily  won,  the  Pope  would  needs  give  her  unto  him  with  a  ring. 
But  as  the  conquest  was  but  slight  and  superficial,  so  the  Pope's  donation,  and  the  Irish 
submissions  were  but  weak  and  fickle  assurances.  .  .  .  The  truth  is,  the  conquest  of  Ireland 
was  made  piece  by  piece,  by  slow  steps  and  degrees,  and  by  several  attempts,  in  several  ages. 
There  were  sundry  revolutions,  as  well  of  the  English  fortunes,  as  of  the  Irish ;  sometimes  one 
prevailing,  sometimes  the  other ;  and  it  was  never  brought  to  a  full  period,  till  his  Majesty  that  now 
is  [James  I.  of  England]  came  to  the  crown.  .  .  .  Though  King  Henry  the  Second  had  the 
title  of  Sovereign  Lord  over  the  Irish,  yet  did  he  not  put  those  things  in  execution,  which  are  the 
true  marks  and  differences  of  sovereignty.  For,  to  give  laws  unto  a  people,  to  institute  magistrates 
and  officers  over  them,  to  punish  and  pardon  malefactors,  to  have  the  sole  authority  of  making  war 
and  peace,  and  the  like ;  are  true  marks  of  sovereignty,  which  King  Henry  the  Second  had  not  in 
the  Irish  countries,  but  the  Irish  lords  did  still  retain  all  these  prerogatives  to  themselves.  For 
they  governed  the  people  by  the  Brehon  laws,  they  made  their  own  magistrates  and  officers,  they 
pardoned  and  punished  all  malefactors  within  their  several  countries,  they  made  war  and  peace  one 
with  another  without  controlment ;  and  this  they  did,  not  only  during  the  reign  of  King  Henry  the 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION. 


21 


Second,  but  afterwards  in  all  times,  even  until  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth."    See  Historical 
Tracts^  pp.  6,  1 1. 

In  the  first  accounts  of  this  nominal  conquest  of  Ireland  only  three  provinces  were  mentioned ; 

and,  as  for  Ulster,  although  Sir  John  de  Courcy  (20),  with  a  company  of  400  volunteers,  ran  round 

the  eastern  coasts  from  the  Boyne  to  the  Bann,  winning  some  battles  and  losing  others,    the 

province  really  remained  intact  under  the  sway  of  its  Celtic  rulers,  the  O'Neills.     The  work  of 

disintegration  progressed  but  slowly,  so  far  as  the  North  was  concerned,  and  required  not  years, 

but  centuries  to  accomplish  it.     Ulster  presented  great  natural  defences  against  the  Pale,  not  only 

in  its  mountain  ranges  and  the  net-work  of  woods,  lakes,  and  bogs,  reaching  from  the  Fewes  to  the 

head  of  Loch  Erne,  but  especially  in  the  warlike  character  of  its  people.     To  break  up  this 

formidable  and  long  standing  power  soon  became,  naturally  enough,  the  well-understood  policy  of 

the  English  Pale  (21).      Very  little  progress,    however,    was  thus  made  until  the  time  of  Con 


(20).  John  de  Courcy, — Hanmerhas  the  following  notice 
of  De  Courcy,  introductory  to  his  account  of  the  several 
battles  in  which  that  adventurer  was  engaged  : — **  Now 
to  the  true  history  of  Sir  John  de  Courcy,  as  worthy  a 
blight  for  martial!  prowesse  as  ever  trode  upon  Irish 
groimd,  whom  Cambrensis  lightly  overskipped,  partly 
upon  private  grudge, — for  tlmt  Sir  John  de  Courcy 
allowed  him  not  for  Vicar  General  in  Ireland,  and  Secre- 
tary to  the  State,  partly  in  favour  of  Sir  Hugh  Delacy, 
irho  maligned  and  envied  the  honor  and  renowne,  and 
prosperous  successes  of  Courcy ;  lastly,  for  fear  of  King 
John,  into  whose  displeasure  Courcy  fell,  through  the 
te  accusation  of  Lacy  and  his  faction.  Yet,  the  cer- 
tainty of  his  exploits  hath  beene  preserved,  and  in  Latine 
committed  to  Paper  by  a  Fryer  in  the  North,  the  which 
hooke  Oneil  brought  to  Armagh,  and  was  translated  into 

English  by Dowdall,   Primate  there,   Anno  155 1. 

He  was  l^  father  a  Norman,  by  mother  a  Cambrian  or 

Britaine,  and  married  the  daughter  of  Gotred  [Godfrey], 

1^  of  Man ;    he  was  a  Gentleman  descended,   as  it 

seemcth  by  his  Coate,  of  an  ancient  house,  of  whom  the 

Irishmen  hold  that  Merlin  prophesied,  where  he  wrote — 

A  white  Knight  sitting  on  a  white  horse,  bearing  birds 

in  hb  shield,  £all  be  the  first  which,  with  force  of  Armes, 

diall  enter  and  subdue  Ulster. ' "     (See  Ancient  Histories 

^f  irdandy  vol.  ii.,  pp.  296,  297.)     After  a  fierce  rivalry 

^^'fcen  De  Courcy  and  De  Lacey,  the  former  was  cap- 

^^  in  the  3rear  1204,  and  it  was  generally  understood 

™*t  he  was  sent  to  England  by  De  Lacey,  where  he  was 

pondemned  to    perpetual    imprisonment.      **When  he 

wd  endured  for  a  long  time  the  most  squalid  life  of 

*  prison,"  writes   the  annalist  Grace,   summarising  the 

p»al  belief    **he   was   at   length   set   at   liberty  by 

I^John,  being   chosen  as  champion  against  a  cer- 

™n  man  of  gigantic  stature  whom  the  King  of  France 

"^  appointed    the    defender  of   his    right    to   a  cer- 

™n  castle ;    when   the  Frenchman,  afraid  of  his  great 

^'oigth,  had  refused  the  combat,  in  the  presence  of  both 

™gs  he  gave    noble  proof  of  his  vigour,   having  cut 

*"'wigh  a  helmet  at  one  stroke.     Wherefore,  by  both  he 

*^  gSted  with  lai^e  presents,  and  was  restored  by  John 

to  the  earldom  of  Ulster,  but  having  endeavoured  fifteen 

^^^  always  with  great  danger  and  contrary  winds,  to 


return  to  Ireland,  and  having  sojourned  some  time  with 
the  monks  at  Chester,  he  returned  to  France,  and  there 
ended  his  life."  (See  Grace's  Annates^  at  the  year  1204.) 
It  turns  out,  however,  by  an  entry  in  the  Annals  of  Loch 
C/,  that,  whilst  De  Courcy  was  supposed  to  be  in  prison,  he 
had  actually  gone  as  a  crusader  to  the  Holy  Land.  On 
this  entry,  W.  M.  Hennessy,  the  learned  editor  and 
translator,  has  the  following  remarks:  —  "The  entry 
respecting  John  de  Courcy,  in  which  it  is  stated  (sub 
anno  1204)  that  De  Laci  set  him  at  liberty  *  after  having 
been  crossed  to  go  to  Jerusalem,*  taken  in  connexion 
with  other  entries  of  a  like  nature  in  reference  to  the 
crusades  in  these  Annals  [of  Loch  Ci\  means,  beyond 
question,  that  De  Laci  imposed  on  his  powerful  rival  the 
obligation  of  going  to  the  Holy  Land,  as  a  condition  of 
setting  him  at  liberty.  This  entry  has  been  quoted  by 
Dr.  O'Donovan,  in  his  edition  of  the  Four  Masters,  but 
by  an  unwonted  error  has  been  by  him  rendered,  in  the 
reverse  sense,  *  after  having  been  prohibited  from  going 
to  Jerusalem,'  as  if  crossed  were  used  in  the  sense  of 
crosSf  a  hindrance,  instead  of  cross^  a  sign.  This  mis- 
conception had  hitherto  left  the  movements  of  De  Curd, 
after  his  liberation,  in  the  same  obscurity  which  sur- 
roimded  them  while  the  native  Annals  were  still  impub> 
lished,  save  in  so  far  as  the  publication  of  the  Tower 
Records  may  be  considered  to  have  dispelled  it.  It 
might  be  thought  that,  as  he  obtained  licence  in  1207  to 
come  into  England,  a  probable  mode  of  accounting  for 
his  disappearance  from  local  history  after  that  time  was 
to  be  found  in  the  romantic  tale  of  his  imprisonment  in 
the  Tower  of  London,  related  with  much  detail  bv  the 
Anglo-Irish  annalists,  and  recorded  as  authentic  by  Grace 
in  his  Annals  of  Ireland ;  but  it  would  seem  more  pro- 
bable that  the  silence  of  contemporaries  about  this  period 
of  his  life  is  to  be  accounted  for  by  his  absence,  now 
seemingly  well  authenticated,  in  the  Holy  Land."  An* 
nals  of  Loch  C/,  Preface,  pp.  49,  50. 

(21).  English  Pale,  —This  portion  of  the  eastern  coast, 
originally  occupied  by  the  English,  was  so  called  because 
of  its  being  enclosed,  as  if  with  pales  or  paling,  from  the 
adjoining  territories  belonging  to  the  Irish.  It  is  first 
mentioned  at  the  commencement  of  the  thirteenth  cen- 
tury as  the  region  wherein  English  law  and  authority 


22 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


O'Neill,  who  accepted  an  English  earldom  in  the  year  1542,  and  died  in  1559.  This  Ulster 
prince  fell  a  prey  to  certain  English  servitors,  including  the  Bagenalls  (22),  who  were  able  to 
intermeddle  with  his  family  affairs,  and  who  eventually  induced  him  to  adopt  the  son  of  a  Dundalk 
blacksmith,  named  Kelly,  to  the  exclusion  of  his  own  only  legitimate  son,  Shane  O'Neill. 

One  of  our  best  Irish  archaeological  authorities — O'Donovan — believed  that  Con  O'Neill's  heir  was 
really  the  son  of  a  blacksmith,  and  that  his  [the  heir's]  son,  who  is  known  in  history  as  Hugh 
O'Neill,  second  earl  of  Tyrone,  was  not,  therefore,  an  O'Neill  at  all.  Our  authority,  however,  no 
less  genial  than  indisputable,  comforts  his  readers  by  showing  that  the  O'Kellys  were  really  a  great 
and  very  distinguished  clan  or  tribe,  and  as  royally  descended  as  the  O'Neills  themselves ! 
"  Whether  this  Earl  Hugh,"  says  he,  "  was  an  O'Neill  or  not — and  the  editor  [O'Donovan]  feels 
satisfied  that  Shane-an-diomas  proved  in  England  that  he  was  %not, — he  was  the  cleverest  man  that 
ever  bore  that  name.  The  O'Kellys  of  Bregia,  of  whom  this  Hugh  must  have  been  (if  he  were  not 
of  the  blood  of  the  O'Neills)  were  descended  from  Hugh  Slaine,  monarch  of  Ireland  from  a.d. 
599  to  605,  and  consequently  of  as  royal  lineage  as  the  O'Neills  themselves,  if  not  more  so,  though 
brought  low  by  the  English  at  an  early  period.  Mageoghegan  says  that  *  there  reigned  of  King 
Hugh  Slaine's  race,  as  monarchs  of  this  kingdom,  nine  kings,  and  there  were  many  other  princes  of 
Moy-Brey,  besides  the  said  kings,  of  the  family  of  O'Kelly  of  Brey.'  We  may,  therefore,  well 
believe  that  the  blood  of  Hugh  Slaine,  which  was  brought  so  low  in  the  grandfather  [the  blacksmith]. 


were  recognised.  The  Pale  became  the  familiar  designa- 
tion of  what  was  known  as  **  Englishe  Lande,"  which  at 
first  comprised  the  present  counties  of  Meath,  Louth, 
Dublin,  and  Kildare.     "An  old  distinction,"  says  Cam- 

{)ion,  **  there  is  of  Irelande  into  Irishe  and  Englishe  Pales, 
or  when  the  Irishe  had  raised  continual  tumults  against 
the  Englishe  planted  here  by  the  conquest,  at  last  they 
coursed  them  into  a  narrow  circuit  of^  certain  shires  in 
Leinster,  which  the  Englishe  did  choose  as  the  fattest 
soil,  most  defensible,  their  proper  right,  and  most  open 
to  receive  helpe  from  Englande  ;  hereupon  it  was  termed 
the  Pale,  as  whereout  they  durst  not  peepe ;  but  now 
within  this  Pale  uncivill  Irishe  and  some  rebells  do  dwell, 
and   without   it   contries  and  cities   Englishe  are   well 

fovemed."  The  English,  soon  after  their  coming  to 
reland,  had  extended  their  possessions  much  beyond  the 
four  counties  already  named  ;  **but  having  fallen  at  odds 
among  themselves,  says  Dr.  Boate,  **and  malcinc:  seve- 
ral great  wars  the  one  upon  the  other,  the  Irish  thereby 
got  the  opportunity  to  recover,  now  this,  and  then  that 
part  of  the  land  ;  whereby,  and  through  the  degenerating 
of  a  great  many  from  time  to  time,  who,  joining  them- 
selves with  the  Irish,  took  upon  them  their  wild  fashions 
and  their  language,  the  English  at  length  came  to  be  so 
weakened  that  at  last  nothing  remained  to  them  of  the 
whole  kingdom  worth  speaking  of  but  the  great  cities  of 
the  forenamed  four  counties,  to  which  the  name  of  Pale 
was  given,  because  the  English  colonies  and  plantations 
which  before  were  spread  over  the  whole  land,  were  now 
empaled  to  so  small  a  compass."  (See  Preface-  to  Mor- 
rin  s  Calendar  of  Patent  Rolls  of  Elizabeth,  p.  xvii. ,  et 
seq.)  Numerous  early  documents  record  the  great  cor- 
ruption of  morals  within  the  Pale,  after  the  English  had 


been  driven  to  live  together  in  such  limited  quarters. 
About  the  middle  of  the  fifteenth  century  in  p>articular, 
their  dissensions  raged  most  violently,  and  mutual  recri- 
minations of  treason,  murder,  sorcery,  and  almost  every 
other  crime  disgraced  their  contending  factions.  See 
Hardiman's  edition  of  the  Statute  of  Kilkenny^  pp.  97- 

99. 

(22).  The  Bagenalls. — One  man,  named  Nicholas 
Bagenall,  to  whom  Con  O'Neill  had  proved  specially 
useful  and  kind,  became  the  deadliest  enemy  of  the  old 
earl  and  his  family.  This  Englishman  came  from  Staf- 
fordshire to  Ulster  in  the  year  1542,  having  been  obliged 
to  make  his  escape  from  his  native  place  to  avoid  the 
consequences  of  a  manslaughter  with  which  he  i»-as 
charged.  It  is  hardly  credible  that  Bagenall  would  have 
disappeared  from  his  English  home  so  suddenly,  had  he 
only  committed  a  justifiable  homicide,  or  that  he  would 
have  required  a  special  pardon  from  the  king  to  secure 
him  against  the  consequences  of  such  an  act.  At  all 
events.  Con  O'Neill  required  to  write  specially  to  Henry 
VIII.  on  Bagenall's  behalf,  and  his  influence  was  then 
such  that  he  readily  procured  a  pardon  for  the  delinauent. 
Bagenall  prospered  apace  under  the  auspices  of  O  Neill 
until  at  lengtn  he  became  greater  than  nis  patron,  and 
indeed  secured  for  himself  one  of  the  most  important 
fragments  of  the  O'Neill  estates,  at  and  arojund  the  pre- 
sent town  of  Newry.  His  son  was  the  well-known  Sir 
Henry  Bagenall,  wno  wrote  a  Descriftion  of  Ulster  in 
1586,  and  was  a  deadly  foe  of  Hugh  O'Neill,  the  second 
earl,  but  refused  to  meet  him  in  single  combat.  The 
Bagenalls  are  now  represented  by  the  Kilmorey  family  at 
Newry. 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION. 


23 


found  its  level  in  the  military  genius  and  towering  ambition  of  Hugh,  Earl  of  Tyrone."  (Annals  of 
the  Four  Masters^  vol.  vi.,  p.  1888.)  Although  the  foregoing  is  probably  the  correct  account  of 
this  matter,  we  shall  be  excused  for  mentioning  this  remarkable  man  by  his  universally  received 
name  of  O'Neill,  a  name  which,  if  not  his  own,  he  has  rendered  more  distinguished,  perhaps,  than 
any  one  of  the  real  family  who  ever  bore  it — at  least  in  modern  times. 

The  policy  adopted  by  the  authorities  of  the  Pale,  in  thus  intermeddling  with  Con  O^NeiU's 
domestic  aflfairs,  soon  led  to  the  *  beginning  of  the  end,'  so  far  as  Celtic  rule  in  Ulster  was  concerned, 
although  Shane  O'Neill  fought  gallantly  in  its  defence,  and  although  Hugh  O'Neill,  the  son  of 
Shane's  illegitimate  brother,  concentrated  in  the  same  cause  almost  the  whole  strength  of  this 
province,  during  a  struggle  of  seven  years.     This  struggle  is  memorable  not  only  in  the  annals  of 
Ireland,  but  of  Europe,  conducted  as  it  was  on  behalf  of  the  Irish  of  Ulster  by  a  chieftain  who  had 
been  brought  up  in  England,  and  resulting,  as  it  did,  in  the  rooting  out  not  only  of  the  O'Neills' 
but  of  their  principal  adherents   throughout   six   northern  counties.     To  make  these  matters 
intelligible,  it  is  necessary  that  the  reader  should  bear  in  mind  the  drift  of  certain  introductory 
events.    Shane  O'Neill,  when  disinherited  by  his  father,  soon  raised  the  standard  of  revolt,  and  as 
preliminary  steps,  he  imprisoned  his  father  and  slew  the  illegitimate  claimant  to  the  family  honours 
and  estates.     This  claimant,  who  was  known   as  Matthew  O'Neill,  and  nicknamed  the  *  black- 
smith,' in  virtue  of  old  Con's  submission  had  been  created  baron  of  Dungannon.     Being  thus 
adopted  not  only  on  the  part  of  his  reputed  father,  but  also  by  the  Government,  he  soon  enjoyed 
a  distinguished  position  among  the  nobility  of  the  province.      In  the  fourteenth  year  of  his  age  he 
had  come  from  Dundalk  to  Dungannon,  and  soon  afterwards  married  a  lady  of  the  old  and  still 
powerful  house  of  Maguire.     This  lady,  who  was  daughter  of  Cuconnaght  Maguire,  known  as  the 
Coarh^  died  in  the  year  1600,  and  of  her  the  Four  Masters  have  the  following  notice  : — "A  woman 
who  was  the  pillar  of  support  and  maintenance  of  the  indigent  and  mighty,  of  the  poets  and  the 
exiled,  of  widows  and  orphans,  of  the  clergy  and  men  of  science,  of  the  poor  and  the  needy ;  a 
woman  who  was  the  head  of  counsel  and  advice  to  the  gentlemen  and  chiefs  of  the  province  of 
Connor  MacNessa  (23) ;  a  grave,  womanly,  devout,  charitable,  meek,  benignant  woman.     She  died 


(?3).  Mac  Nessa, — The  North  was  designated,  by  pre- 
WMnence,  the  province  of  Conchobhar,  or  Connor  Mac 
J*^  because  his  reign  was  supposed  to  be  the  most 
bmliant  in  the  long  period  during  which  the  Irian  dy- 
^^^  existed.      Its    peculiar    brilliancy    was    ascribed 
to  the  great  military  organisation  known  as  the  Fenian 
Jf  Red  Branch   order,  which   was    then   in   its    most 
nounshing  condition,  and   could  boast  of  heroes,   such 
^  Cochollain    and    Conall    Ceamech,    of   whose   ex- 
Pjwts  in  battle  the  old-world  inhabitants  appear  to  have 
*^  especially  proud.     **  It   may  be   here  mentioned 
™*t  the  ancient  order  of  Fenians  [or  Fians]  were  a  body 
W  lailitia,  whose  object  was  the  support  of  the  monarchy, 
«M  the  inaintenance  of  law  and  order.     Their  history  is 
*VgeIy  interpolated   with   fiction   and   the   marvellous, 
•fflere  is  a  copious  literature  in  the  Irish  language,  con- 
ing principally  of  romantic  tales,  recording  the  deeds 
of  Fenian  heroes,   some  of  which  have  been  published 
^  the  Ossianic  Society  of  Dublin.     See  Transactions  of 


that  Society  for  1855,  conizmingXh^ Pursuit 0/ Diarmaid 
and  GrainCf  with  Mr.  Standish  H.  0*Grady's  introduction, 
where  a  valuable  account  of  the  extant  Fenian  literature  is 
given."  **  See  also  the  Boyish  Exploits  of  Finn  Mac 
Cumhcdllt  edited  by  Dr.  O'Donovan,  1859.  Compare 
Keating's  curious  accoimt  of  the  qualifications  necessary 
for  admission  to  the  Order  of  the  Fianna,  or  Fenians.  ' 
(Dr.  Todd's  Introduction  to  the  Wars  of  the  Gaedhil  with 
the  Gaill,  pp.  clxvi.-clxxxii.)  In  this  military  order 
Conchobhar  had  nine  sons,  who  appear  to  have  been 
distinguished  ornaments,  and  whose  names  are  enu- 
merated in  the  following  ancient  fragment  cited  by  Mac 
Firbis  in  his  pedigrees  of  the  Clanna  Rudhraighe  :  — 
**  The  sons  of  Conchobar  the  king,  among  the  Ultoniaas 
great  was  their  vigour ;  there  never  engaged  in  skirmish 
or  battle  nine  who  would  subdue  them :  Cormac  Con- 
luingis,  the  stronjp;,  Fionchadh,  Glaisne,  Conaing,  Maine, 
Cumsgraidh,  of  fair  countenance,  Fiacha,  Fiachna,  Fur- 
buidhe."    See  Battle  of  Magh  Rath,  p.  208. 


24 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


at  Machairen-a-croise  [a  townland  in  the  parish  of  Magheracross,  county  of  Fermanagh],  on  the 
22  nd  of  June,  and  was  interred  in  the  monastery  of  Donegal,  after  receiving  the  body  and  blood  of 
Christ,  after  unction  and  penance,  after  having  made  many  donations  to  the  orders  of  the  Church 
of  God,  and  more  especially  to  the  monastery  of  Donegal,  that  she  might  be  prayed  for  there 
among  the  dead"  (24). 

By  this  lady,  Matthew  the  baron  of  Dungannon,  left  at  least  three  sons,  named  respectively 
Brian,  Hugh,  and  Cormac  When  their  father  >vas  slain  by  Shane  O'Neill  in  1558,  a  strict  search 
was  made  after  the  eldest  son,  Brian,  who  was  recognised  as  the  second  baron,  but  who  was 
discovered  by  Shane's  emissaries,  and  slain  in  1562.  The  two  younger  brothers  were  then  hastily  sent 
out  of  harm's  way  to  the  English  quarters,  the  authorities  considering  perhaps  that  they  were 
responsible  for  the  safety  of  these  children,  or  that,  at  all  events,  it  was  good  Ulster  policy  to  get 
possession  of  the  probable  heirs  to  the  O'Neill  estates.  Although  for  political  objects,  they 
accepted  or  recognised  Hugh,  then  only  a  boy,  as  the  third  baron,  he  was  permitted  for  several 
years  to  live  in  obscurity,  and  to  see  his  claims  utterly  ignored  by  the  great  clan  of  whom  his 
reputed  grandfather.  Con  O'Neill,  had  been  the  legitimate  head  or  representative.  On  the  death 
of  Shane  O'Neill  in  1567,  Shane's  cousin,  Turlough,  sumamed  Luineach,  of  Newtown  (now 
Newtownstewart)  and  Strabane,  was  made  The  O'Neill  or  chief  representative,  by  the  members  of 
the  clan.  This  appointment  complicated  Ulster  affairs  very  considerably,  and  the  more  so  as 
the  new  chief  at  first  evinced  an  unmistakeable  anxiety  to  throw  off,  or  put  an  end  to,  English 
interference  altogether.  To  meet  this  difficulty,  therefore,  it  became  necessary  for  the  government 
to  take  up  the  young  baron,  Hugh,  more  decidedly  than  had  been  hitherto  done,  and  to  train 
him  so  as  that  he  might  become  a  formidable  rival  of  Turlough  Luineach.  Indeed,  Matthew,  the 
first  baron,  and  his  sons,  had  already  been  used  as  "  the  English  claimants  for  the  principality  of 
Ulster,  and  upon  every  quarrel  with  the  elected  chiefs  [Shane  and  Turlough  Luineach],  were  put 


(24).  Among  the  dead. — This  lady's  family  burial-place 
was  Lisgoole,  a  religious  house  founded  on  the  western 
shore  of  lough  Erne,  by  one  of  her  ancestors,  so  early 
as  the  year  1 106.  But  the  abbey  of  Lisgoole,  although 
so  ancient  and  sacred  as  a  place  of  sepulture,  had  been 
laid  in  niins  by  the  English  during  the  war  against  her 
son  Hugh  O'Neill,  and  in  that  condition  it  remained 
until  partially  restored  in  the  year  1631.  She,  therefore, 
sought  a  last  resting-place  in  the  celebrated  abbey  of 
Donegal,  which  very  soon  afterwards  shared  the  fate  of 
Lisgoole,  being  seized  and  occupied  in  the  autumn  of 
1601  by  a  native  force  in  alliance  with  the  English,  who 
had  landed  at  Derry  under  Sir  Henry  Docura  in  the 
spring  of  the  preceding  year.  One  of  the  forty  friars 
who  then  occupied  Donegal  abbey  has  left  in  Latin  the 
following  account  of  its  original  founding : —  **  It  was  in 
the  year   1474,   when  the  Franciscans  were  holding  a 

Provincial  chapter  in  the  monastery  of  Ross- Rial,  mat 
fuala  O'Connor,  daughter  of  O'Connor  Faily,  one  of 
of  the  most  powerful  of  the  Leinster  princes,  and  wife 
of  Hugh  Roe  O'Donnell,  came,  accompanied  by  a  bril- 
liant following  of  noble  ladies,  and  a  goodly  escort  of 
Kerne  and  Galloglass,  to  present  an  humble  memorial 


to  the  assembled  fathers.  When  the  latter  had  duly 
considered  the  prayer  of  the  Lady  Nuala's  memorial, 
they  deputed  the  provincial  to  inform  her  that  they  could 
not  comply  with  her  request  at  that  moment,  but  that  at 
some  future  time  they  would  cheerfully  send  a  colony  of 
Franciscans  to  the  principality  of  Tirconnell.  *  What !' 
replied  the  princess,  sorely  pained  by  thfi  refusal,  *I 
have  journeyed  a  hundred  miles  to  attam  the  object  that 
has  long  been  dearest  to  my  heart,  and  will  you  now 
venture  to  deny  my  prayer  ?  If  you  do,  beware  of  God's 
wrath  ;  for  I  will  appeal  to  His  throne,  and  charge  you 
with  the  loss  of  all  the  souls  which  your  reluctance  may 
cause  to  perish  in  the  territory  of  Tirconnell !'  Earnest 
and  energetic  was  the  lady's  pleading ;  so  much  so,  that 
she  ultimately  overcame  the  hesitation  of  the  friars,  some 
of  whom  professed  themselves  ready  to  accompany  her 
to  Tirconnell.  Proud  of  her  success,  the  lady  Nuala  then 
set  out  on  her  journey  homewards,  followed  by  a  goodly 
number  of  Franciscans,  who,  when  they  arrived  in  the 
barony  of  Tirr  Hugh,  immediately  commenced  building 
the  far-famed  monastery  at  the  head  of  the  lovely  bay  of 
Donegal."    Meehan's  Frandsean  Mcfiasteries^  pp.  4,  5. 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION.  2  5 

forward  by  the  government  as  the  rightful  lords  of  Tyrone,  in  virtue  of  the  surrender  and  re-grant 
of  these  lands  to  Con  O^Neill  by  Henry  VIII. ;  but  whenever  it  seemed  more  politic  to  come  to 
terms  with  The  O'Neill  de  facto  (and  de  jure  according  to  Celtic  ideas),  the  cjaims  of  this  family 
[Matthew  and  his  sons]  were  disregarded,  and  the  bastardy  of  the  first  baron  [Matthew]  officially 
admitted."  See  Riche/s  Lectures  on  Irish  History^  delivered  in  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  second  series, 
P-  407. 

The  chief,  familiarly  known  as  Turlough  Luineach^  bore  the  latter  epithet  because  of  his  having 

been  fostered  in  a  family  of  the  O'Looneys  of  Muintirloney,  in  Tyrone.      The  baron's  two  sons 

being  only  bojrs  at  the  time  of  Shane's  death,  the  government  itself  had  actually  at  first  brought 

foiward  Turlough  Luineach  for  the  chief  place  in  Tyrone,  because  of  his  well-known  opposition,  or 

rather  hostility,  to  Shane's  policy.     The  clan  had  no  special  objections  to  him ;    but  in  admitting 

Imn  as  their  representative,  they  expected  him  to  think  and  act  as  a  Celtic  chief,  and  not  as  an 

English  servitor.     He  wavered  for  a  time,  therefore,  in  his  allegiance  to  Queen  Elizabeth,  and  on 

his  inauguration  as  The  ONeill^  he  either  felt  or  feigned  a  temporary  impatience  of  English  rule. 

He  was  a  vain  man,  it  would  appear,  and  was  evidently  pleased  when  others  urged  him  to  this  course, 

aldiough  perhaps  he   never  had  the  slightest  intention   of  quarrelling  permanently  with  the 

government     He  was  a  great  patron  of  rhymers,  and  "  there  are  still  extant  several  Irish  poems 

addressed  to  him,  inciting  him  to  shake  oflf  the  English  yoke,  and  become  monarch  of  Ireland  like 

his  ancestors,  Niall  Frasach,  Niall  of  the  Nine  Hostages,  Con  of  the  Hundred  Battles,  and  Tuathal 

Teaditmhar,  whose  lineal  heir  he  is  stated  to  be,  and  whose  example  he  is  encouraged  to  follow. 

But  he  was  so  old  wh^n  he  was  made  The  O'Neill  that  he  seems  to  have  then  retained  little 

inilitaiy  ardour  to  tread  in  the  wake  of  his  ancestors ;  and  he  was  so  much  in  dread  of  the  sons  of 

Shane  the  Proud  and  of  Hugh  earl  of  Tyrone  that  he  continued  obedient  to  the  queen  of 

England."    (See  Annals  of  the  Four  Masters^  vol.  vi.,  pp.   1984,  1985,  note,^     According  to  the 

same  authority,  Turlough  Luineach  "  had  bestowed  most  wealth  and  riches  upon  the  learned,  the 

oUavs,  and  all  those  who  sought  gifts,  of  [any  of]  the  lords  of  Ireland  in  his  time ;  for  he  had  often 

issued  a  proclamation  throughout  Ireland  to  all  those  who  sought  gifts,  to  come  to  him  on  the 

festivak  of  the  nativity  of  our  Ix)rd  ;  and  when  they  came,  not  one  departed  dissatisfied,  or  without 

being  supplied.     He  was  a  lord  who  had  many  soldiers  in  his  service  for  pay  and  wages,  a  lord 

prosperous  in  peace  and  powerful  in  war,  until  age  and  infirmity  came  upon  him."    (Ibid,^  p.  1985.) 

This  chieftain's  second  wife  was  lady  Cantire,  a  daughter  of  the  third  earl  of  Argyle,  and  widow  of 

James  Macdonnell,  Sorley  Boy's  eldest  brother.     After  her  marriage  with  Turlough  Luineach,  she 

"2d  the  additional  title  of  lady  Tjrrone.     His  marriage  with  her  was  negotiated  principally  by  one 

^  his  bards,  named  Ferdoragh  MacAnany,  who  was  described  in  a  State  paper  as  "  the  richest 

rhymer  in  Ireland."     See  Hill's  Historical  Account  of  the  Mcudonnells^  pp.  147-151,  159,  161. 

At  the  time  this  chief  exhibited  the  uncertainty  in  his  allegiance  to  which  we'  have  referred, 
the  young  baron,  Hugh  O'Neill,  had  been  opportunely  carried  into  England,  and  was  being  there 
educated  so  as  to  prepare  him  for  the  position  of  an  English  lord  in  Ulster,  where  he  was  expected, 
^  W$  return,  to  introduce  English  ideas  and  habits.     The  Queen,  who  had  hoped  to  have  great 

D 


26  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

comfort  with  her  young  protSge,  appointed  him  to  the  command  of  a  troop  of  horse  in  the  cruel 
and  desolating  war  then  waged  against  the  earl  of  Desmond ;  and  when  that  struggle  came  to  an 
end  in  Munster,  O'Neill  had  conducted  himself  therein  so  gallantly,  and  so  acceptably,  that  he  was 
forthwith  transferred  to  Ulster,  where  his  services  were  represented  as  so  necessary — ostensibly 
against  the  Antrim  Scots,  but,  in  reality,  to  serve  as  a  check  on  the  warlike  or  rebellious  policy 
which,  it  was  feared,  the  natives  of  this  province  might  impose  upon  their  *  chief  captain,'  Turlough 
Luineach.  Under  such  circumstances,  it  was  not  to  be  expected  that  the  relations  between  these 
two  distinguished  O'Neills  would  be  of  an  amicable  character,  although  it  was  soon  rumoured  that 
the  baron  was  about  to  marry — or  indeed  had  actually  married — Turlough  Luineach's  daughter. 
This  rumour  created  great  uneasiness  among  the  authorities  in  the  Pale,  for  such  a  union  was 
supposed  to  lead  to  a  real  alliance  between  the  rival  chiefs,  and  was,  therefore,  very  much 
deprecated  by  the  government. 

Although  Turlough  Luineach,  however,  seemed  occasionally  disposed  to  be  independent,  hb 
advanced  age  kept  him  from  quarrelling  persistently  either  with  the  government  on  one  hand,  or 
the  very  plucky  young  baron  on  the  other.    With  the  latter  he  was  forced  by  circumstances  to  keep 
up  a  sort  of  standing  controversy  until  his  advanced  age,  more  than  any  other  moving  influence, 
induced  or  compelled  him  to  retire  from  the  turbulent  scenes  of  public  life  altogether.     By  a  deed 
between  himself  (Turlough)  and  the  government,  so  early  as  1572,  he  had  humbly  and  finally 
submitted  to  the  Queen,  promised  to  co-operate  with  the  earl  of  Essex,  who  had  then  just  arrived 
as  governor  of  Ulster,  abandoned  all  claims  on  lower  or  northern  Clannaboy  eastward  of  the  Bann, 
all  superiority  over  the  baron  and  his  brother,  or  any  others  dwelling  between  the  Blackwater  and 
Dundalk,  undertook  to  serve  the  Queen  against  all  parties  on  whom  she  might  make  war,  and  to 
deliver  up  two  of  his  sons  as  pledges  for  his  fidelity.     In  return,  he  then  got  a  grant  from  the  crown 
of  all  lands  lying  between  the  Blackwater  and  Lough  Foyle,  and  from  the  Bann  westward  to  the 
borders  of  Fermanagh,  with  all  monastic  lands  throughout  the  province.     (See  Calendar  of  Carew 
MSS,,  second  series,  p.   12.)     Another  arrangement  was  made  in  the  year  1584,  by  which  the 
baron  got  a  firmer  footing  on  the  clan  property,  whilst  Turlough  Luineach  as  he  became  feebler, 
became  also  more  uncertain  in  his  position.     According  to  this  arrangement,  which  was  not  only 
sanctioned,  but  in  a  great  degree  dictated  by  the  government,  Turlough  was  confined  to  the  north- 
western district  of  the  principality  of  Tyrone,  whilst  Hugh,  the  baron,  got  the  south-eastern  district, 
which  included,  besides  a  large  portion  of  the  present  county  of  Tyrone,  all  the  present  county  of 
Armagh,  with  the  exception  of  the  barony  of  Orior.     On  this  settlement  being  made,  Hugh  O'Neill 
became,  professedly  at  least,  an  ardent  admirer  of  English  order  and  civility,  declaring  it  as  hb 
decided  wish,  in  so  far  as  he  was  concerned,  that  the  title  of  The  O'Neill  should  be  utterly 
suppressed  (25). 

(25).  Suppressed, — This  ancient  Irish  title,  so  formid-  the  superiorities,  titles,  dignities,   preheminenoeSt  juris* 

able  in  English  eyes,  was  already  suppressed  so  far  as  an  dictions,  authorities,  rules,  tributes,  and  expenses,  used, 

English  act  of  parliament  could  do  it.     By  the  nth  of  daymed,  usurped,  or  taken  bj  anie  O  Neyle,  as  in  rig^t 

Elizabeth  it  was  enacted  that  "the  name  of  O  Neyle,  of  that  name,  or  otherwise,  m>m  the  beginning,  of  any 

with  the  maner  and  ceremonies  of  his  creation,  and  all  the  Lords,  Captaines,  or  people  of  Ulster,  and  all 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION, 


27 


Of  the  settlement  now  mentioned  we  have  thefollowing  account  bySirHenrySydney,  who  records 
the  curious  fact  that  several  of  the  clan  disapproved  of  this  breaking  up  of  the  ancient  principality  of 
Tyrone  between  these  rivals  : — "To  my  camp  came  TurloLenogh,  who  had  been  in  Shane's  lifeTanist 
of  Tyrone  (26),  and  yet  by  me  made  in  those  wars  his  enemy.  He  was  by  the  people  of  that  country 
chosen  [The]  O'Neill,  which  title  in  truth  he  accepted,  beihg  given  him  with  the  brutish  ceremonies 
incident  to  the  same.     There  came  with  him  the  principalest  of  all  his  sirname,  and  I  had  with  me 


of  offices  given  by  the  said  O  N^le,  shall  henceforth 
cease,  end,  determine,  and  be  utterly  abolished  and  ex- 
tinct for  ever.     And  that  what  person  soever  hee  bee 
that  shall  hereafter  challenge,  execute,  or  take  upon  him 
that  name  of  O  Neyle,  or  any  superioritie,  dignitie,  pre- 
heminance,   jurisdiction,    authoritie,   rules,    tributes,    or 
expenses,  used,  claymed,  usurped,  or  taken  heretofore  by 
any  O   Neyle,  of  the   Lords,   Captaines,   or  people  of 
ulster,  the  same  shall  be  deemed,  adjudged,  and  taken 
high  treason  against  your   Majestic,  your  crowne   and 
^gnitie.     And  the  person  or  persons  therein  offending, 
suid  bemg  thereof  attainted,  shall  suffer  and  sustaine  such 
paunes  of  death,   forfeiture  of  landes  and  goods,   as  in 
cases  of  high  treason,  by  the  laws  of  this  realme  hath 
been  accustomed  and  used.     And  for  the  better  extir- 
pation of  that  name,  be  it  further  enacted,  that  all  the 
Lords,  Captaines,  and  people  of  Ulster  shall  bee  from 
benceforth  severed,  exempted  and  cut  off  from  all  rule 
and  authoritie  of  O  Neyle,  and  shall  only  depend  upon 
your  imperiall  crowne  of  England  for  ever. " 

(26).  Tanist  of  Tyrone, — The  Celtic  law  of  Tanistry 
by  which  the  successor  to  a  chief  lord  was  appointed 
during  the  lifetime  of  the  latter,  stood  greatly  in  the  way 
of  English  progress  to  complete  ascendancy  in  Ulster, 
>nd  was,  therefore,  set  aside  by  a  very  simple  process,  at 
every  possible  opportunity.  The  land  belonged  to  the 
clan  and  not  to  the  chief,  but  the  English,  as  they  ex- 
pressed it,  drew  an  interest  to  the  latter,  when  they  got 
him  to  surrender  his  "country,"  and  take  out  a  patent 
from  the  queen  according  to  the  terms  of  English  or 
feudal  law.  After  this  process,  the  doctrine  of  the  Eng- 
lish judges  and  lawyers  was,  that  the  clan  had  entirely 
lost  its  right  in  the  lands,  which  right  became  vested 
solely  in  the  chief  or  landlord,  so  that  on  his  forfeiture 
^^,  the  whole  **  interest  being  drawn  to  him,"  was 
^'^erred  as  a  matter  of  course  to  the  crown.  The 
S™»d  aim,  therefore,  of  the  government  was  to  get  as 
™^  surrenders  of  **  countries"  as  possible,  for,  in  doing 
so,  they  afterwards  had  the  virtual  election  of  the  chief 
landlords,  and  when  the  latter  came  to  be  charged  with 
l^^^n,  the  crown  became  the  sole  proprietor  of  what 
!**^  rightfiilly  belonged  to  the  clansmen.  The  follow- 
"*g  is  the  substance  of  a  very  instructive  letter  of  Sir 
Joon  Perrott,  on  the  subject  of  Tanistships,  urging  the 
pJvenunent  of   England   to  abolish   the  Irish   law : — 

*•  The  seigniories  of  many  of  the  Irish  Lords  are  as  big 
as  shires  in  England.  They  have  always  chosen  within 
themselves  the  most  ancient  and  warlike  man  to  be  the 
™ef  of  that  name  and  seigniory,  who  levied  imposts  for 
bis  own  maintenance,  and  for  that  of  his  kerne,  galliglas, 
^  shot  [his  military  establishment].  In  such  countries 
tbc  Queen's  writs  and  processes  were  not  current,  nor  any 


rent  paid  her.  In  some  few  of  late  years  they  would 
give  to  the  Deputy  for  his  good-will  a  reward  of  200  or 
300  kine  to  confirm  such  elections  [of  chiefs],  but  the 
Queen  never  had  anything.  Two,  and  sometimes  three 
were  elected,  which  bred  war  among  themselves,  and  he 
that  was  the  weakest  commonly  obtained  aid  of  the 
Deputy  [for  very  obvious  reasons].  2.  Owing  to  the 
Captainries  and  Tanistships,  it  was  necessary  to  maintain 
soldiers  to  defend  the  Pale  from  the  daily  incursions  and 
spoils  made  by  the  O'Reylies,  the  O'Farralls,  McMahon's 
country,  the  McGwiris,  the  Captains  of  Dartrie  [in 
Monaghan],  the  Fews  [O'Neills],  Femey  [MacMahons], 
O'Hanlons,  and  others,  who  did  not  care  what  evil  they 
did,  for  they  were  sure  their  children,  commonly  bastards, 
would  not  have  their  seigniories  till  all  the  rest  of  the 
eldest  and  worthiest  of  the  house  were  si>ed.  3.  Sir 
Henry  Sydney  made  a  law,  11  Eliz.,  to  cut  off  all  cap- 
tainries and  seneschalships,  except  those  granted  by 
letters  patents.  The  exception  was  mischievous,  for  it 
is  all  one  whether  the  Deputy  or  the  Irish  name  the 
captain.  4.  Finding  this  Act  produced  no  reformation, 
Sydney  made  another  in  12  Eliz.,  authorising  the  Deputy 
to  grant  letters  patents  to  the  Irishry  that  would  surrender 
their  lands  to  her  Highness,  and  have  the  same  granted 
back  to  them  in  fee  tail,  or  fee  simple.  5.  In  the  time 
of  my  government  I  was  commanded  to  take  surrenders 
of  such  Irish  lords  as  would  make  surrenders  to  her 
Majesty  of  their  seigniories,  and  to  grant  the  same  back 
again  to  the  same  lords  for  their  heirs  male  or  heirs 
general.  I  persuaded  Sir  John  O'Reyly,  Sir  Rosse 
McMahon,  Sir  Oho  [Oghie]  O'Hanlon,  Sir  Connor 
McGwire,  Shane  McBrian,  Neal  Oge  McFelim,  Sir  Con 
McNeale  Oge,  Sir  John  O'Dogherty,  the  Captain  of 
Kilwarlin,  O'Connor  Sligo,  O'Connor  Done,  Sir  Brian 
O'Rourke,  Sir  Murragh  [Mulmorie]  ne  Doe,  Angus 
McConell  [Macdonnell^  the  lord  of  Cantire  [who  then 
held  the  Antrim  glens],  and  many  other  lords  to  do  so, 
and  reserved  from  them  about  2,000/.  for  the  Crown, 
besides  risings  out  of  sundry  horsemen  and  footmen,  and 
other  customs.  I  lost  near  1,000/.  in  preferring  the  public 
good  to  receiving  cows  for  making  captains  and  seneschals, 
placing  in  their  stead  shreves  [sheriffs],  justices  of  the 
peace,  and  other  officers,  whereby  peace  was  secured. 
Many  of  the  great  lords  came  to  Dublin  to  take  their 
leaves  at  my  departure  [pleased  no  doubt  at  getting  pos- 
session of  the  whole  property  of  their  respective  clans]. 
6.  All  this  tends  to  prove  that  the  surrendering  of  their 
lands,  and  taking  the  same  back  again,  must  breed  quiet- 
ness, obedience,  and  profit  Love  to  their  children  will 
make  them  fearful  to  disobey  the  laws,  and  desirous  to 
build  houses,  purchase  lands,  and  grow  wealthy.  I  wrote 
a  pamphlet  alK)ut  10  or  12  years  past  upon  this  subiect 
See  Calendar  of  Carew  MSS,^  third  series,  pp.  27,  20. 


28  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

the  young  baron  of  Dunganan,  Shane's  eldest  brother's  son,  whom  I  bred  in  my  house  from 
a  little  boy,  then  very  poor  of  goods,  and  full  feebly  friended.  I  then,  in  the  presence  and 
hearing  of  all  that  were  in  my  camp,  as  well  of  them  that  came  with  me  as  those  that  came  widi 
him,  and  all  other  the  potentates  and  landlords  of  Ulster,  rebuked  him  [Turlough  Luineach] 
sharply  for  taking  upon  him  the  title  of  O'Neill  afore  her  majesty's  pleasure  was  known,  affirming 
unto  him  that  I  would  not  confirm  the  same,  but  would  write  to  her  Highness  to  nobilitate  him 
with  title  of  higher  honor  and  dignity,  which  he  seemed  reverently  to  accept  Then  I  descended 
with  him  into  the  consideration  of  his  own  country,  and  appointed  unto  him  all  lands  beneath  or  by 
north  the  Blackwater.  .  .  Then  I  allotted  to  Hugh  baron  of  Dunganan,  and  of  right  ought 
to  be  earl  of  Tyrone,  all  the  lands  called  the  O'Nele  lands  lying  about  and  beneath  the  Great 
Water  [Blackwater,  anciently  Abhainn-mor\  I  exempted  him  from  taking  any  exaction  upon  any 
of  the  lands  of  the  church  of  Armagh,  or  any  member  of  the  same ;  to  all  such  covenants  he  agreed 
to  the  great  rejoicing  and  contentment  of  all  the  proprietaries  of  that  province,  saving  some 
particular  and  peculiar  followers  of  his  own,  who  much  repined  that  the  great  and  regal  estate  of 
the  O'Nell  (as  they  deemed  it)  should  be  so  broken  and  dismembered."  See  Calendar  of  the 
Carew  AfSS.,  second  series,  p.  339. 

The  baron,  evidently  an  ambitious  gentleman,  was  determined  that  the  earldom  conferred  on 
Con  O'Neill  by  Henry  VIH.  should  not  lie  much  longer  in  abeyance,  and  also  that  the 
dismemberment  of  which  "  his  peculiar  and  particular"  followers  complained  should  be  healed  as 
soon  as  possible.  In  the  following  year  he  memorialed  to  be  admitted  to  the  title  and  rank  of 
earl  of  Tyrone,  and  to  be  restored  to  the  estates  of  his  ancestors  in  virtue  of  the  grant  made  to  his 
grandfather  Con,  in  1542.  The  title  and  rank  of  earl  were  conceded  to  the  baron  at  once,  and 
without  hesitation ;  but,  as  the  estates  had  been  vested  in  the  crown  by  the  act  known  as  the  nth 
of  Elizabeth,  the  Queen  required  to  be  consulted  before  any  grant  of  the  entire  family  projierty 
could  be  made,  or  even  promised  to  the  petitioner.  There  were  other  important  matters  also  to  be 
considered,  as  the  Queen  herself  explains  in  a  letter  to  the  deputy.  Sir  John  Perrot,  the  substance 
of  which  is  as  follows: — "We  understand  by  your  letters  of  30  June  [1585]  that  the  baron  of 
Dungannon  presented  in  Parliament  a  supplication  for  his  place  of  earl  of  Tyrone,  and  a  petition 
for  the  lands  of  his  grandfather  in  Ulster ;  and  that  you  did  yield  him  the  place  of  the  earldom  by 
virtue  of  letters  patents,  and  referred  him  to  us  respecting  his  lands  and  superiority  in  Ulster,  by 
reason  of  the  act  whereby  Shane  O'Neale  was  attainted,  and  the  whole  territories  of  Ulster  were 
invested  in  us.  He  [the  baron]  has  since  offered  new  articles  for  keeping  a  peace  between  him 
and  his  kinsmen.  Cause  inquisition  to  be  made  of  the  said  lands,  and  thereupon  devise  :  L,  what 
parts  of  them  should,  for  their  strength,  be  kept  in  our  possession ;  II.,  what  portions  are  meet  for 
him  to  have ;  and  III.,  what  portions  may  be  kept  by  us  limited  in  some  special  state  tail  for  the  sons 
of  Tirlough  Lenough,  and  the  sons  of  Shane  O'Neale,  and  of  Henry  M*Shane,  and  such  others  as 
have  any  colour  of  competitorship  to  the  signority  of  the  title  of  O'Neale ;  the  whole  to  be  held  of 
us  tn  capite.  He  is  to  bear  200  soldiers.  As  he  has  had  two  wives,  and  children  by  them  both, 
if  the  limitation  be  made  to  exclude  his  first  children,  as  he  desires,  some  controversy  may  hereafter 


ULSTER   BEFORE   THE   PLANTATION. 


29 


grovr.  The  articles  by  him  offered  fbf  renouncing  the  usurped  title  of  0*Neile,  and  the  Uriaghts 
[sutnAiefs],  shall  be  comprised  in  a  writing  betwixt  us  and  him.  He' offers  to  make  consideration 
of  such  as  be  expectants  in  Tyrone  of  the  title  of  O'Neile.     We  think  it  better  for  him  to  have  that 

opportunity  by  grant  from  us.     We  understand  divers  ways  of  the  good  disposition  of  the  said  earl 

to  senre  us."    See  Calendar  of  Carew  MSS.,  second  series,  pp.  407,  408. 

This  grant,  however,  was  made  on  the  conditions  only  that  the  lands  should  be  surveyed  (27) ;  that 
one  or  two  positions  should  be  reserved  for  garrisons,  especially  that  of  Benburb  on  the  Blackwater;  that 
provision  should  be  made  for  the  sons  of  Shane  and  Turlough  Luineach  ;  and  that  the  earl  was  to 
exercise  no  authority  over  any  governors  of  forts  Or  districts  beyond  such  as  were  specified  in  the 
grant.  These  terms  appear  to  have  been  satisfactory  to  the  grantee,  embodying,  as  they  did,  the  several 
articles  agreed  upon  between  himself  and  the  Queen,  together  with  such  ^others  as  he  had 
undertaken  before  the  privy  council  to  perform.     But,  although  now  an  earl,  and  restored  to  the 


(27).  Surveyed, — After  so  much  talk,  on  the  part  of 
the  government  and  the  earl  about  the  necessity  of  a 
snrvey  of  at  least  the  greater  portion  of  his  possessions, 
tie  work  was   at  last   accomplished  in  the  summer  of 
X59^    That  portion  of  the  great  principality  of  Tyrone, 
which  lay  south  of  the  Black  water,  had  been  shired  in 
the  year  15S4,  and  was  named  by  the  English  the  county 
of  Annagh.      That    portion   of  it   which   lay  between 
the  Foyle  and  the   Bann  had  also  been  shired  at  the 
same  date,  and  called  the  county  of  Coleraine.     But  the 
cari  did  not  acknowledge  that  the  representatives  of  the 
O'Cahans  ranked  among  the  Uriaghs  of  Ulster,   nor  that 
their  "country,"  although  known  as  Oireacht  Ui  Cathain^ 
or  O'Cahan's  country,  was,  in  any  respect  distinct  from 
Tyrone,  being  simply  a  territory  thereof.     This  doctrine 
appears  to  have  been  admitted  by  the  government  in 
1591 J  for.  according  to  the  survey  then  made,  the  whole 
sweep  from  the  Bann  to  the  Finn  on  the  west,  and  from 
the  Blackwater  northward  to  Lough  Foyle  and  the  sea, 
is  represented  as  one  vast  region,  consisting  of  the  follow- 
ing eight  baronies,    with   their    subdivisions: — I.  The 
barony  of  Lottghinsholin,  so  named  from  a  small  lake 
known  anciently  as  Ltrngh-inis-O' Lynn,  near  the  present 
village  of  Desertmartin.     This  barony  or  territory  in- 
cluded two  well-known  subdivisions  named  respectively 
Glanconkq-n  and  Killetragh.     II.  The  barony  of  Dun- 
ganmn^  including  in  former  times  the  ancient  territories 
o{   Magh'LomcMair,.  which  lay  around   Donaghmore  ; 
(ji  Briuin^  now  Minterbim,  in  Aghalcx) ;  and  Ui  Caracain, 
the  parish  of  Killyman.     III.  The  barony  of  Clogher, 
including  the  four  subdivisions  known  respectively  as  the 
Closaghe,  Ballentakan,  the  two  Fintonaghs,  and  Termon 
McGuirk.    The  two  last  named,  although  in  1591  belong- 
ing to  the  barony  of  Clc^her,  were  soon  afterwards  trans- 
ferred to  that  of  Omagh,  in  which  they  are  still  com- 
prised.    The  Closage  was  anciently  the  celebrated  Magh- 
Uamhna,  mentioned  by  the  Four  Masters  at  the  year  of  the 
world  3727.     **Fintonagh, — Fionntamhnach,    *  the  fair 
green  field,'  is  mentioned  by  the  Four  Masters  at  1488. 
The  present  village  of  Fintona,  in  the  parish  of  Donagh- 
cavey,  preserves  the  name."     IV.  The  barony  of  Omagh, 
or   Oghmhagh,    was   the   territory   of   the   Clann-Arte- 
O'NeilL     It   contained  two  subdivisions,  viz.,  Slut  or 


Sliocht  Art's  Land,  and  **  Camon,  now  Camowen,  the 
name  of  a  river  and  townland  in  that  part  of  Cappagh 
which  is  in  the  barony  of  Omagh.'*  The  Sliocht  Arte 
division  was  much  the  larger  of  the  two,  and  was  occu- 

f)ied  by  the  family  or  descendants  of  a  great  territorial 
eader  called  Art  or  Arthur  O'Neill,  "as  the  Sliocht 
Enri,  whose  head-quarters  were  at  Newtown  Stewart, 
were  of  Henry  O'Neill."  V.  The  barony  of  Strabane, 
or  Strath-ban,  **the  fair  holm,"  contained  the  four  sub- 
divisions of  Langechence,  Kilalmoyan,  Mynterlynnie, 
and  Ballymcchorry.  The  position  of  Lengechence  is 
doubtful ;  Kilalmoyan,  or  Cinel-Moain,  forms  the  south- 
western part  of  the  barony  ;  Mynterlynnie,  now  Munter- 
lony,  forms  the  eastern  portion  of  the  barony ;  and 
Ballymcchorry,  now  Ballymagorry,  forms  the  north- 
western portion  of  the  barony.  VI.  The  barony  of 
Coleraine,  anciently  Cuilrathain,  "  the  ferny  comer  or 
recess,"  contained  the  two  subdivisions  of  Maghery- 
Sluthgorey  and  Sluth  or  Sliocht  Donaghe's  country. 
The  lormer  district  was  that  occupied  by  the  ancient 
tribe  known  as  the  Fir  Li,  and  it  now  forms  the  northern 
half  of  the  barony  of  Coleraine.  Sluth-Donaghe's  coun- 
try lay  a  little  north-west  of  Kilrea,  and  is  now  the 
southern  part  of  the  barony.  VII.  The  barony  of  Lima- 
vadie,  or  Leim-an-mhadaidh,  "the  Dog's  Leap,"  con- 
tained the  three  subdivisions  of  Ardmagilligan,  Kenaght, 
and  Faranycryve,  The  barony  is  now  known  only  by 
the  name  of  Keenaght.  This  name  is  the  modem  form 
of  Cianachta,  the  district  around  Dungiven.  Farany- 
cryve, correctly  Feara-na-Craoibhe,  or  "men  of  the 
Creeve,"  was  a  district  on  the  western  side  of  the  Bann, 
opposite  the  "  Cutts,"  near  Coleraine.  Ardmagilligan  is 
now  Magilligan,  or  Tamlaghtard.  VIII.  The  barony 
of  Anagh,  now  only  known  as  Tirkeeran,  contained  the 
three  subdivisions  of  Tyrchyrine,  Sgryn,  and  Clander- 
mod.  The  first  of  these  ancient  divisions  is  now  repre- 
sented by  the  parish  of  Fauginvale  ;  the  second,  probably 
by  the  parish  of  Cumber ;  and  the  third  by  the  parish  of 
Clandermod. 

The  above  is  abridged  from  a  most  interesting  account 
of  tbe  whole  region  of  Tyrone  by  Dr.  Reeves,  in  his 
edition  of  Archbishop  Colton's  Visitation,  pp.  125-130. 


30  THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

O'Neill  estates,  his  relations  with  other  branches  or  families  of  the  great  clan  O'Neill  were  not 
improved,  but  rather  embittered,  by  his  good  fortune.  With  Turlough  Luineach  and  his  sons  the 
quarrel  continued,  and  required  the  frequent  interference  of  government  officials.  Fitzwilliam,  who 
had  been  appointed  deputy  after  Sir  John  Perrot,  was  utterly  unfitted  by  his  selfish  nature  for  the 
duties  of  his  office,  and  appears  to  have  taken  more  pleasure  in  witnessing  the  quarrels  than  the 
contentment  of  Irish  chiefs.  The  following  extract  from  one  of  his  letters  to  Burghley  in  1591,  is 
significant  enough  as  to  the  state  of  affairs  in  Tyrone : — "  I  and  this  council,  being  now  but  sb 
[in  number]  must  be,  the  last  of  this  month  (God  pleased)  at  Dondalk,  for  the  ending  of  a  great 
controversy  between  the  earl  and  Sir  Tyrlagh  O'Neale,  by  reason  of  a  fray  fallen  between  them,  in 
which  the  dutiful  old  knight,  Sir  Tyrlagh  O'Neale,  was  shot  through  the  shoulder  with  a  bullet,  and 
stroken  with  a  horseman's  staff  in  the  small  of  the  back,  two  grievous  wounds ;  but  (God  I  thank) 
well  recovered.  I  sent  him  a  surgeon,  with  a  great  deal  of  stuff  for  his  dressing."  *  Writing,  less 
than  a  month  afterwards,  to  Sir  George  Carew,  the  deputy  notices  the  "  affair"  thus : — "  In  the 
quarrel  between  the  earl  of  Tyrone  and  Sir  T)rrlagh  O'Neale  it  was  complained  that  the  earl  was 
altogether  in  fault,  but  upon  examination  (having  them  both  here,  and^at  the  Newrie)  it  fell  out 
that  Sir  Tyrlagh  was  therein  far  to  blame.  I  and  the  council  have  so  ended  those  causes,  as  they 
are  both  returned  home  with  good  contentment,  and  have  given  both  their  consents  to  have 
Tirone  reduced  to  shire  ground,  and  to  accept  of  a  Sheriff."  See  Calendar  of  Carew  AfSS.^  third 
series,  pp.  55,  57. 

Throughout  this  feud,  the  government  appears  to  have  been  satisfied  with  the  earl's  loyalty, 
and  indeed  it  was  generally  acknowledged  that  he  had  left  no  act  or  duty  undone  that  could  be 
expected  from  the  most  zealous  pioneer  of  English  interests  in  Ulster.  Moved  apparently  by  this 
consideration,  and  anxious  finally  to  establish  peace  between  the  earl  and  Turlough  Luineach,  the 
Queen  requested  the  latter  to  retire  on  certain  conditions,  from  his  public  position  as  governor  of  a 
district  in  Tyrone.  Accordingly  he  did  so  retire,  thus  leaving  the  earl  a  clear  field  for  the 
introduction  of  his  contemplated  improvements.  If  the  earl  dissembled  at  this  time,  he  was  only 
playing  at  the  game  of  which  old  Burghley,  the  Queen's  adviser  and  guide,  was  a  thorough  master, 
and  in  which  Elizabeth  herself  so  freely  engaged ;  for  she  sometimes  scolded  her  Irish  council  foi 
not  following  her  private  instructions  or  suggestions,  when  their  obedience  to  her  public  letters  oi 
state  happened  to  lead  to  unfortunate  results  !  The  consciousness  of  their  own  sins  of  deception 
had  probably  led  the  Queen  and  her  ministers  to  interpret  the  earl's  promises  in  a  somewhat  libera) 
spirit ;  but,  from  whatever  cause,  they  now  appear  to  have  accepted  him  as  a  firm  ally.  In  the 
final  arrangement  between  him  and  Turlough  Luineach,  they  affected  at  least  to  see  the  commencement 
of  a  new  and  happier  era  for  Ulster.  They  spoke  of  him  as  the  true  representative  of  its  royal  line, 
congratulating  themselves  in  the  hope  that  they  had  found  an  apostle  worthy  of  his  great  mission^ 
to  wit,  the  introduction  of  English  manners  and  customs, — and  even  costumes — into  the  remotest 
parts  of  Ulster.  But  they  had  evidently  calculated  in  this  matter  "  without  their  host,"  or  at  least 
had  overlooked  the  fact  that,  even  were  the  earl  thoroughly  disposed  to  carry  out  his  English 
friends'  ideas,  he  had  not  the  power  to  impress  this  new  policy,  at  least  very  promptly,  on  the  native 
popukition. 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION.  3 1 

But,  at  all  events,  a  knowledge  of  the  terms  of  this  final  arrangement  between  him  and  his  rival 

is  required,  not  only  to  understand  the  earFs  real  position  at  the  time,  but  to  explain  also  the  nature 

of    certain  claims  afterwards  put  forward  by  the  grandsons   of  Turlough  Luineach  against  the 

gpvemment      We  subjoin   the  substance  at  least  of  this  arrangement,  which  has  only  of  late 

seen  the  light,  and  must,  therefore,  be  new  to  the  readers,  and  indeed  the  \vriters,  in  Irish  history  of 

the  seventeenth  century.     The  document  from  which  we  quote  is  headed  Articles  of  Agreement^  2ind 

^\.t^ DondaJke^  28  June,  ISQJ-    "First,  the  earl  of  Tyrone  had  the  command  of  50  horse,  equivalent 

to  a  sum  of  636/  9^.  4j4^.  yearly,  and  Sir  Turlough  was  to  have  this  command  transferred  to 

him  during  his  life,  according  to  the  Queen^s  injunction  as  expressed  in  the  patents  of  the  captainry 

of  Tyrone,  he  finding  the  said  horsemen  to  serve  her  majesty  at  the  said  earl's  expense.     2.  Sir 

Tirlagh  to  receive  the  yearly  rents  and  duties  payable  by  Maguire,  the  lord  of  Fermanagh*,  according 

to  the  Queen's  grant,  the  earl  being  bound  to  compel  Maguire  and  his  heirs  to  pay  the  same,  should 

r 

they,  at  any  time,  refuse  to  do  so.      3.  The  earl  to  pay  Sir  Tirlagh  so  many  cows  yearly  as  shall, 
after  the  rate  of  20s.  ster.  the  cow,  make  up,  together  \vith  the  said  command  and  Maguire's  rent, 
the  sum  of  2,000/.  ster. ;  provided  always,  that  if  the  said  command  do,  in  the  life  of  Sir  Tirlagh, 
surcease,  by  the  death  of  the  earl  or  otherwise,  then  the  earl,  his  heirs  or  assigns,  shall  pay  to  Sir 
Tirlagh,  his  servants  or  assigns,  in  lieu  of  it,  and  to  make  up  the  said  2,000/.,  the  sum  of  636/  95. 
4/^^-  ster.,  or,  in  default  of  money,  a  choice  cow  for  every  205.  ster. ;  such  cows  as  shall  be  de- 
livered at  May  yearly  to  be  in  calf,   and  the  cows  to  be  delivered  at  Hallowmas  yearly  to  be 
sufficient  beefs,  $s.  extra  to  be  paid  for  every  cow  not  delivered  at  the  said  feasts.     The  said  money 
or  cows  to  be  paid  at  Strabane  or  Bynnvorbe  [Benburbe].     4.  Sir  Tirlagh  to  have  for  life  the  towns 
and  lands  of  Strabane  and  Largie  Uirnevie  [Umey],  and  also  the  lands  adjoining  Strabane  [between 
the  Finn  and  the  Derg]  free  from  all  duties  or  other  charges ;    and  also  the  town  of  Binvorbe,  or 
Cun:en,  with  the  half-ballybetagh  of  land  [420  acres  Irish]  and  appurtenances  adjoining  to  such  of 
the  said  towns  as  he  shall  choose ;  and  when  Sir  Tirlagh  shall  make  choice  of  Benburb,  or  Curren, 
the  house  and  lands  thus  chosen  to  be  surrendered  to  him  in  due  time.     5.  Sir  Tirlagh  shall  quietly, 
^d  without  any  molestation  from  the  earl,  receive  three  score  cows  yearly  from  O'Dogherty,  and 
^  one-half  of  the  duties  due  from  Lough  Foyle  and  the  Bann ;  the  other  half  to  be  received  by 
the  earl    6.  Sir  Tirlagh  demanded  of  the  earl  some  increase  of  pension,  over  and  above  the  said 
2,000/.,  to  which  the  earl  at  first  was  unwilling  to  yield,  but  the  arrangement  of  this  point  was  left 
to  the  earl's  brother,  Cormac  O'Neill,  and  to  his  sons-in-law,  Donnell  O'Cahan  and  Heruy  Oge 
^'Neill,  Sir  Tirlagh  naming  an  arbitrator  also.     A  dispute  existed  between  Sir  Tirlagh  and  his  own 
^n,  Arthur,  on  the  subject  of  certain  lands  then  in  possession  of  the  latter,  and  the  earl  engaged  to 
enforce  the  decree  of  arbitrators  for  the  settlement  of  this  controversy  also.     7.  Sir  Tirlagh  to  re- 
^*ve  such  rents  and  duties  out  of  the  lands  of  Sleevesheese  [eleven  ballybetaghs  owned  by  his 
^er,  Neal  Connelan  O'Neill],  as  were  due  to  him  by  such  as  dwell  in  Tyrone,  and  to  cause 
*^uire  and  O'Cahan  to  pay  Sir  Tirlagh  the  arrear  due  upon  them.     He  was  also  to  permit  Sir 
^i^lagh  to  receive  such  arrear  as  \i'as  behind  for  that  last  year,  1592,  of  the  command  aforesaid.     8. 
The  earl  and  his  heirs  to  hold  the  territory  and  lands  of  Tyrone  against  Sir  Tirlagh  and  his  heirs 
"^^^iaiged  of  all  such  title  and  demand,  as  Sir  Tirlagh  claimed  to  have  in  and  to  the  same,  or  any 


32  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

part  thereof,  the  castles,  hereditaments,  and  lands,  hereby  appointed  to  Sir  Tirlagh,  excepted  only  for 
term  of  his  life  ;  and  also  excepted,  all  the  ancient  inheritance  of  Sir  Tirlagh,  to  him  and  his  heirs. 
See  Calendar  of  Carew  MSS.,  third  series,  pp.  73-75. 

IV. 

We  have  thus  submitted  to  the  reader  the  substance  of  the  several  terms  between  the 
government  and  Hugh  O'Neill,  and  also  between  him  and  Tirlagh  Luineach,  down  to  the 
year  1593.  But,  ahhough  the  government  in  London  would  have  wished  to  interpret  the  earl's 
professions  in  a  liberal  spirit,  there  were  certain  English  servitors  in  Ulster  who  envied  him  the 
lX)ssession  of  his  newly  acquired  estates,  and  who  were  disposed  to  snatch  an  opportunity  o( 
arousing  suspicions  of  his  loyalty.  Unfortunately,  an  occasion  soon  occurred  exactly  to  suit  their 
purpose.  In  the  year  1588  several  ships  of  the  Spanish  Armada  were  wrecked  on  the  north- 
western coasts  of  Ireland,  one  being  driven  on  the  rocks  near  tlagh  castle  in  Inishowen.  In  the 
fact  that  the  earl  spared  the  lives  of  those  on  board,  and  treated  them  humanely,  the  government 
officials  could  see  only  plotting  with  Philip  of  Spain  and  treachery  towards  Queen  Elizabeth  !  A 
letter  preserved  among  the  State  papers,  and  addressed  to  the  deputy  Fitzwilliam,  gives  the  follow- 
ing account  of  the  capture  of  the  Spaniards,  and  their  being  brought  to  the  earl  at  Dungannon : — 
"  Our  very  good  Lord :  imedatly  after  the  writing  of  our  last  letters  to  your  Lordship,  we  went 
where  we  heard  the  Spaynarde  were,  and  mett  them  at  Sr  John  O'Dogherty  his  town  called  Illagh. 
We  sent  unto  them  to  know  who  they  were,  and  what  their  intent  was  :  or  why  they  did  invade  any 
part  of  the  Queene's  Ma^»<»  domynion  ?  Their  answer  was  that  they  did  sett  forth  to  invade  Eng- 
land, and  were  parcell  of  the  fleete  which  was  overthrowen  by  her  Ma'»«*  navy,  and  that  they  were 
driven  thither  by  force  of  weather.  Whereupon,  wee  (perceiving  that  they  were  in  nombre  above 
VIC  [600]  men),  did  encampe  that  night  within  muskett  shott  of  them,  being  in  nombre  not 
I>assing  vif^  [140]  i^cn>  2Jid  the  same  night,  about  mydnight,  did  skyrmysh  with  them  for  the 
space  of  II  houres,  and  in  that  skyrmysh  did  slay  their  lieutenant  of  the  feelde,  and  above  xx^ 
more,  beside  the  hurting  of  a  great  nombre  of  their  men.  So  as  the  next  day  (in  skyrmyshing  i\'ith 
them)  they  were  forced  to  yeeld  themselves,  and  wee  lost  but  one  soldier.  Now  O'Donill  and  wee 
are  come  with  some  of  them  to  Dongainne  [Dungannon],  meaning  to  go  with  them,  without  com- 
l)anys,  to  your  Lordship ;  and  therefore  wee  beseech  your  honour  to  graunte  warrant  for  victualling 
of  them  ;  and  as  the  prysoners  are  verie  weake  and  unhable  to  travaile,  we  desire  your  Lordship  (ii 
you  shall  soe  think  meete),  to  gyve  direction  for  levyeinge  of  horses  and  garrans  to  carry  them  tc 
Dublin.  The  best  of  them  seemeth  to  carry  some  kinde  of  majesty,  and  hath  bene  governor  of  thirtj 
thousand  men  this  xxiii  yeares  past ;  the  rest  of  the  prysoners  are  men  of  greate  calling,  and  such 
as  (in  our  opynions)  were  not  amiss  to  be  questioned  withal.     So  wee  humbly  take  our  leave. 

"  Your  most  humble, 
"Frorh  Dongainne,  the  xiiii    day  of  September,  1588.  .  "Rich.  Hovenden. 

See  Memoir  of  the  Parish  of  Templemore^  p.  235.  Henry  Hovenden." 

It  would  appear  that  the  earl  of  Tyrone,  and  a  few  other  Irish  lords,  were  induced  the  men 
readily  to  act  humanely  towards  the  shipwrecked  Spaniards  at  that  crisis,  from  witnessing  th^ 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION. 


33 


cruelties  inflicted  upon  them  in  many  places  by  those  who  should  rather  have  protected  such  help- 
less^ half-drowned  strangers.     Fitzwilliam,  the  Queen's  deputy  in  Ireland,  and  perhaps  the  most 
decrided  money-worshipper  of  his  time,  actually  led  a  crusade  against  the  shipwrecked  Spaniards, 
majTching  large  forces  to  several  places  on  the  coasts  where  shipwrecks  had  occurred.     His  first 
care  on  these  occasions  was  to  secure  the  treasure  contained  in  the  ships,  and  next  to  hang  the 
men.    He  even  carried  off  the  cattle  and  burned  the  houses  of  any  inhabitants  known  to  have 
sheltered  Spaniards  (28).     The  earl  of  Tyrone  was  of  too  much  consequence,  and  too  powerful,  to 
be  dealt  with  in  this  style,  but  he  was  obliged  to  incur  very  serious  expenses  in  the  protection,  for  a  time 
of  the  party  imposed  upon  him  from  the  shore  of  Lough  Foyle  (see  p.  32).    \Vhen  he  applied  to  the 
government  for  compensation  he  was  called  traitor  for  his  pains,  but  might  have  had  ample  reward 
for  the  summary  execution  of  his  Spanish  friends.     Now,  it  came  to  pass  that  between  him  and  the 
sons  of  Shane  O'Neill  there  existed  a  violent  feud,  for  they  hated  him  because  he  was  in  possession 
of  the  lands  which  they  believed  to  be  rightfully  theirs,  and  he  hated  them  because  he  feared  them, 
and  because  their  father  had  slain  his  father  and  brother.     One  of  these  sons  of  Shane,  named 
Hugh,  was  sumamed  Gaveloc^  *  of  the  fetters,'  from  the  circumstance  of  his  being  bom  when  his 
mother  was  a  captive  in  Shane  O'Neill's  castle.     This  lady  had  been  the  wife  of  Calvagh  O'Donnell, 
but  was  taken  prisoner  by  Shane  during  a  war  between  him  and  her  husband ;  and,  after  the  death 
of  the  latter,  she  married  her  captor.     She  was  the  daughter  of  Hector  Mor  Maclean  of  Mull, 
and  had  returned,  after  Shane's  death,  in  1567,  to  her  native  land.     Hugh  Gaveloc  was  the  eldest 
of  her  sons  by   Shane,    and  had  been  on  a  visit   to  his  mother  in    1588   (29).      Whilst  in 
Scotland,  he  chanced  to  meet  certain  survivors  of  the  party  of  Spaniards  who  had  been  sheltered 
for  a  tune  at  Dungannon,  and  who  described,  in  grateful  and  glowing  terms,  the  kindness  they  had 


(28).  Spaniards. — The  following  is  a  contemporary 
account  of  Fitzwilliam's  conduct  in  Galway  and  Inish- 
®*®"~-"The  Deputy,  who  was  the  most  sordid  man 
"'^t  ercr  held  that  high  oflfice,  lost  no  opportunity  of 
"**J"ng  profit  of  it  [the  wreck  of  the  Spanish  Armada]  and 
^  sooner  did  he  learn  that  some  of  the  crews  of  the 
Spanish  vessels  had  been  saved  in  Galway  and  Inishowen, 
than  he  marched  with  a  considerable  force  to  the  ancient 
^^  of  the  Tribes,  where  he  caused  the  unfortunate 
sailors  to  be  arrested,  and  closely  searched  for  any  valu- 
fWcs  they  might  have  on  their  persons.  The  search, 
l»we?er,  was  fruitless,  and  so  sorely  disappointed  was 
^  avaricious  deputy,  that  he  ordered  200  of  »those 
*^ched  men  to  be  executed  on  the  hill  where  the 
Angustin  Friars  had  their  convent.  Pursued  by  the 
^^'^'^s  of  the  people  of  Galway,  who  were  unable  to 
prevent  the  cruel  butchery,  Fitzwilliam  hurried  on  to 
Inishowen,  where,  not  satisfied  with  slaying  many  of 
tk!  ^^*P^  Spaniards,  he  carried  off  all  the  cattle  of 
^  district,  burned  the  haggards,  and  made  prisoners  of 
aif  Owen  0*Toole  [O'Gallagher],  and  O'Dougherty  [Sir 
John],  although  the  former  had  entertained  him  sump- 
Jjjj!^  in  his  own  house.  On  arriving  in  Dublin, 
OD<^herty  was  set  at  large,  but  the  aged  0*Toole  was 
Jarown  into  the  castle  dimgeon,  where  he  died  after  a 
imprisonment.  And  be  it  recorded  to  the  honour 
E 


of  the  women  of  Galway,  that  they  provided  shrouds  and 
coffins  for  the  mariners  so  inhumanly  murdered  by  Fitz- 
william. O'Rourke  of  Breifny  afforded  protection  to 
inany  of  them,  nay,  refused  to  surrender  them  to  Bing- 
ham, the  queen's  governor  in  Connaught ;  and  the  Mac 
Swynes  of  Tirconnell  treated  others  of  them  with  their 
wonted  hospitality."  (Meehan's  Franciscan  Monasteries^ 
pp.  21,  23.)  Sir  Hugh  O'Donnell,  the  father  of  Hugh 
Roe,  appears  to  have  acted  a  dastardly  part  on  the  occa- 
sion above  described.  Father  Mooney,  whose  words  we 
have  now  quoted,  speaks  of  Sir  Hugh  O'Donnell  thus  : — 
"The  father  of  Hugh  Roe  always  assisted  at  those  grand 
solemnities  [in  the  abbey  of  Donegal] ;  for  after  resigning 
the  name  and  title  of  O'Donnell,  he  lived  almost  con- 
stantly among  us  [the  friars],  preparing  himself  for  the 
better  life,  and  doing  penance  for  his  sins,  the  weightiest 
of  which  was  the  cruel  raid  on  the  wrecked  Spaniards  of 
the  Armada,  whom  he  slew  in  Inishowen,  at  the  bidding 
of  deputy  Fitzwilliam."     {Ibidy  p.  13.) 

(29).  /;/  ij88. — This  lady  was  probably  alive  in  1605. 
On  the  4th  of  May  in  that  year,  Rorie  earl  of  Tyrconnell, 
writing  to  Angus  Macdonnell  of  Isla,  concludes  his  letter 
by  requesting  to  be  remembered  or  "  conmiended  to 
McLean's  daughter. "  She  was  the  earl's  aunt  by  mar- 
riage, and  she  appears  to  have  been  generally  styled  in 
Ulster  M^Lean^s  daughter. 


34  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

there  received.  He  is  supposed  to  have  artfully  drawn  some  expressions  from  them  which  he  de- 
termined to  turn  to  account  against  the  earl,  by  accusing  the  latter  to  the  government  of  having  held 
traitorous  conversations  with  these  foreigners.  Full  of  this  purpose,  Hugh  Gaveloc  returned  from 
Scotland  to  his  usual  place  of  residence  at  Strabane,  and  forthwith  entered  upon  a  project  for  the 
ruin  of  the  earl,  which  happened,  in  the  first  instance,  to  prove  fatal  to  himself 

Before  setting  out  on  this  business  to  Dublin,  he  wTote  a  letter,  explaining  the  object  of  his 
intended  visit.     This  letter,  which  was  intercepted,  contained  the  amplest  evidence  of  the  writer  s 
intentions ;  and  the  earl  had  him  instantly  seized  on  a  charge  of  certain  outrages  committed  since 
his  return,  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Dungannon.     It  would  appear  that  Gaveloc,  believing  he  would 
be  able,  by  his  forthcoming  revelations,  to  secure  the  countenance  and  protection  of  the  govern- 
ment, had  commenced  a  series  of  compulsory  proceedings  against  several  tenants  in  that  district  who 
refused  to  recognise  his  claims  as  their  landlord,  and  that  in  the  course  of  these  proceedings  some 
persons  had  lost  their  lives.     This  gave  the  earl  a  good  plea  for  having  Gaveloc  seized  and  tried 
according  to  the  ancient  usages  on  such  occasions  in  Ulster,  where  the  chief  lord  had  power  thus 
summarily  to  deal  with  criminals,  and  where,  at  that  time  (1590),  no  English  magistrates,  sheriffs, 
or  judges,  had  made  their  appearance.     The  Celtic  law  was  willing  to  accept  an  eric  or  fine,  as 
compensation,  in  proportion  to  the  nature  of  the  crime,  even  were  it  murder  in  the  first  degree ;  but 
the  earl  chose  in  this  case  to  forego  the  comparatively  milder  remedy,  and  to  inflict  the  more  terrible 
punishment  required  by  the  feudal  code.     This  was,  to  say  the  least,  inconsistent  on  his  part,  unless, 
indeed,  as  an  illustation  of  his  anxiety  to  introduce  English  laws  !     Perhaps,  however,  the  conduct 
of  the  authorities  in  the  Pale  was  even  more  inconsistent ;  for  they  waxed  actually  wTOth  because  the 
earl  adopted   their  own  code,  for  he  refused  to  accept  a  ransom  which  was  offered  for  Hugh 
Gaveloc*s  life  of  no  less  than  300  horses  and  5,000  cows.     Indeed,  Sir  Nicholas  White,  the  master 
of  the  rolls,  wrote  to  Burghley,  accusing  the  earl  of  cruelly  strangling  his  namesake,  if  not  kinsman, 
as  no  one  could  be  found  to  hang  a  son  of  Shane  0*Neill,  and  a  son  besides,  who  had  already  made 
himself  very  popular  in  Ulster, — perhaps  too  popuhr  for  the  earFs  taste.     WTiite's  accusation,  how- 
ever, was  indignantly  denied  by  the  earl's  friends,  who  stated  that  Gaveloc  was  hanged  by  an 
executioner  from  Cavan,  named  Murtagh  Loughlin,  in  the  presence  of  the  earl's  brother,  Connac 
O'Neill,  Art  O'Hagan,  and  more  than  a  hundred  spectators,  including  some  of  the  most  influential 
men  in  Tyrone.     The  Four  Masters,  at  the  year  1590,  record  this  event  as  follows,  without  saying 
anything  as  to  the  particular  circumstances  under  which  the  execution  took  place  : — "  The  son  of 
O'Neill,  />.,  Hugh  Geimhleach  [pronounced  Gaveloc],  son  of  John  Donnghaileach  [Shane  was  so 
called  because  he  fostered  with  a  family  of  the  O'Donnellys],  was  hanged  by  the  earl  of  T)Tone, 
!>.,  Hugh,  son  of  Ferdorcha,  son  of  Con  Bacagh.     There  had  not  been  for  a  long  time  among  the 
race  of  Eoghan,  a  man  more  generally  lamented  than  this  Hugh."     Hugh  Gaveloc's  mother  was 
described,  even  by  her  enemies,  as  a  high-spirited  and  accomplished  woman,  and  her  son  probably 
inherited  his  popular  qualities  from  her.     The  Irish  historian,  O'Sullivan  Beare,  states  that  what  he 
had  charged  against  the  earl  was  true  to  the  letter.     Fynes  Moryson  states  that  "  Tyrone  hardly 
found  any,  in  regard  to  the  general  reverence  borne  to  the  blood  of  the  O'Neyls,  who  would  do  the 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION.  35 

office  of  hangman ;"  and  Camden,  who  was  living  at  the  time,  tells  us  in  his  Annals  of  the  Reign  of 
Efiz^betky  that  the  earl  was  represented  as  having  actually  performed  the  task  of  hangman  himself. 
Morj'son,  however,  is  a  better  authority  in  this  matter  than  either  Camden  or  the  master  of  the 
ToUs— indeed,  Camden  made  his  statement  on  the  authority  of  Sir  Nicholas  White.     A  remarkable 
Tract,  entitled  A  Brief e  Declaration  of  the  Government  of  Ireland^  was  written  and  presented  to  the 
Queen  in  1594,  by  captain  Thomas  Lee,  an  English  gentleman  and  a  distinguished  servitor  in  Ireland 
for  the  space  of  twenty  years.     The  writer  notices  this  affair  in  the  following  terms  : — "  And  where 
the  earl's  adversaries  have,  in  times  past,  incensed  your  majesty  against  him,  for  hanging  and  cut- 
ting off  one  Hugh  Gaveloc,  a  notable  traitor,  and  son  to  Shane  O'Neale,  informing  your  majesty 
the  said  Hugh  was  your  Majesty^s  subject ;  it  shall  be  well  proved  that  he  [Gaveloc]  was  ever  a  traitor 
against  your  majesty,  a  daily  practiser  with  foreigners  (as  the  Scots  and  others),  for  the  disturbances 
of  that  kingdom,  and  one  who  sought,  by  all  means,   to  overthrow  the  earl  who,  by  martial  law, 
which  he  then  had,  did  cut  him  off  for  his  offences.      For  the  doing  whereof  he  did  incur  your 
h^hness's  displeasure  ;  and  the  said  martiall  law,  which  kept  the  whole  country  in  awe,  was  taken 
from  him  j  the  want  whereof  has  made  his  country  people  grow  insolent  against  him,  and  careless 
of  observing  any  humanity  or  duty;  which  hath  bred  the  outrages  now  in  practice,  so  that  in  my 

poor  opinion,  it  were  requisite  the  same  authority  were  restored  unto  him." 

• 

This  business  subjected  the  earPs  loyalty  to  great  suspicion,  and  cost  him  a  very  tedious  and 

unpleasant  sojourn  in  London,  "where,"  says  Father  Mooney,  a  contemporary,  "taking  up  his 

abode  in  the  house  of  Sir  Henry  Wallop,  he  remained  three  weeks  restrained  from  her  Majesty's 

court  and  presence,  till  he  convinced  the  lords  of  the  privy  council  that  he  had  only  acted  according 

to  the  ancient  laws  of  his  country,  by  ridding  society  of  a  notable  murderer,  whose  father  had  slain  his 

[the  earl's]  father  and  brother,  and  whose  many  crimes  justified  him  in  cutting  off  so  vile  a  miscreant." 

Although  his  pleadings  had  the  appearance  of  persuading  Elizabeth,  they  had  not  really  done  so. 

He  was  permitted,  however,  to  return  to  Ulster,  Hatton,  the  dancing  chancellor,  and  the  earl  of 

Ormonde  becoming  security  that  he  would  appear  whenever  it  might  suit  the  deputy,  Fitzwilliam, 

to  arraign  him  for  having  taken  the  law  into  his  own  hands.     On  his  coming  home,  the  earl  found 

that  the  lands  of  his  o\\ti  earldom  of  T)Tone  literally  swarmed  \vith  enemies,  including  all  who  had 

been  adherents  of  Shane  O'Neill,  and  also  many  Scotch  kinsmen  of  Shane's  hst  wife,  Catherine 

^laclean,  of  Mull,  who  were  also,  through  her,  kinsmen  of  Hugh  Gaveloc.     These  last  mentioned 

were  kno^m  in  Ulster  as  M*Ellanes,  or  M'lUanes  (Macleans),  many  families  of  whom  had  come 

fbra  the  island  of  Mull  to  settle  in  these  northern  counties,  at  the  time  of  their  distinguished  kins- 

iroman's  sojourn  here,  first  as  the  wife  of  Calvagh  O'Donnell,  and  afterwards  of  Shane  O'Neill 

They  had  become  a  numerous  and  somewhat  influential  people,  at  the  period  of  Hugh  Gaveloc's 

death ;  at  least  so  much  so,  as  to  attract  the  atterition  of  the  Irish  deputy  and  council,  who  a  few 

^-ean  afterwards — ^at  the  commencement  of  the  war  against  the  earl  in  1596 — described  them  (the 

Macleans)  as  "  opposed  unto  the  Earl  for  sundry  provocations,  and  specially  for  the  hanging  of 

Hugh  Cay\'oIoughe,  one  of  the  sons  of  the  late  Shane  O'Neyle."    The  fact  of  their  opposition  to 


36 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Tyrone,  at  that  crisis,  had  no  doubt  made  the  Macleans  of  more  consequence  than  they  would  other- 
wise have  been. 

The  earl  had  not  long  returned  from  London  when  he  received  a  summons  to  appear  before 
the  Irish  deputy.  Having  acknowledged  the  receipt  of  this  mandate,  and  his  readiness  to  comply 
with  its  terms,  he  sent  his  secretary  to  Dublin  to  make  arrangements  for  a  sumptuous  banquet,  and 
to  invite  the  leading  English  nobility  there  to  meet  him  (the  earl),  on  the  evening  of  his  intended 
visit  to  the  metropolis.  He  had  heard  that  the  government  intended  to  seize  him  on  his  arrival 
in  Dublin ;  but  had  he  refused  to  go,  his  sureties  or  bailsmen  would  have  been  brought  into  trouble. 
In  going,  however,  it  was  necessary  to  make  it  appear  that  he  intended  to  remain  for  a  time ; 
although  it  was  at  least  equally  necessary,  or  rather  absolutely  so,  that  he  should  not  remain  in  Dublin 
during  the  night.  The  fact  of  the  banquet  made  Fitzwilliam's  mind  easy,  as  leading  him  to  believe 
that  O'Neill  would  be  in  no  hurry  to  get  beyond  his  reach ;  and,  indeed,  for  this  purpose  it  had  been 
adroitly  arranged.  On  the  apf>ointed  evening  the  guests  had  assembled,  when  Tyrone  reached  the  city 
after  sunset.  But,  instead  of  going  to  preside  at  the  feast,  where  he  was  expected,  he  rode  straight 
to  the  castle  and  presented  himself  before  the  deputy,  where  he  was  not  expected.  Fitzwilliam  re- 
ceived him,  however,  with  a  great  show  of  friendliness,  beseeching  him  in  the  meantime,  to  go  and 
attend  to  his  guests  as  it  would  be  quite  soon  enough  to  visit  him  (Fitzwilliam)  the  next  day.  But 
the  northern  visitor  had  his  wits  about  him ;  and  kno>ying  that  the  deputy  had  received  prhrate  in- 
structions from  Ix)ndon  to  arrest  him,  and  having  no  particular  taste  to  join  O'Donnell  and  certain 
Irish  nobles  then  prisoners  in  the  castle,  he  remounted  his  horse,  riding  all  night,  and  when  the 
morning  dawned  he  had  cleared  the  northern  boundary  of  the  hated  Pale.  His  English  guests  in 
Dublin  were  left  to  take  care  of  themselves,  whilst  he  felt  that,  under  the  circumstances,  he  had 
done  enough  by  presenting  himself  when  summoned  before  the  deputy  to  exonerate  his  bailsmen 
from  all  legal  difficulty  in  the  matter. 

From  that  time  forth,  however,  he  was  resolved,  at  all  hazards,  to  eschew  the  Pale.  The  secret 
intention  of  the  government  to  seize  him,  notwithstanding  a  certain  outward  display  of  friendly 
feeling,  appears  to  have  stunned  him,  and  changed  the  whole  current  of  his  political  sentiments  and 
ideas.  And  although  the  government,  as  already  stated,  afterwards  recommended  the  retire- 
ment of  Turlough  Luineach  (30)  in  his  favour,  yet  in  the  light  of  events  which  were  then 
occurring  or  had  actually  occurred  in  Monaghan,    he  reasonably  enough  concluded  that   even 


(30).  Luimach, — This  chieftain  died  in  the  year  1595, 
after  a  career  of  much  trouble  and  strife,  during  which 
he  appears  to  have  always  taken  the  winning  side,  and 
at  last  became  a  decided  adherent  of  the  government. 
He  seemed  to  covet  nobilitation  from  the  queen,  and  it 
was  at  one  time  resolved  to  gratify  him,  but  there  is  no 
distinct  evidence  that  he  ever  attained  to  this  honour ; 
although  we  have  the  following  passage  in  a  State  paper 
of  1595: — **In  19  Eliz,,  by  articles  indented  between 
the  then  lord  deputy  and  Sir  Turlough  Lenagh,  now  earl 
of  Clanconntll^  all  the  lands  from  Lough  Foyle  to  the 
Great  Water  [Abhainn  Mor],  were  granted  to  the  latter 
for  life,  with  the  countries  of  Clancann  and  Clanbrcso- 
loghe  ut  scquadbus.     These  articles  were  ratified  by  the 


Queen  26  May.  Afterwards  she  created  Sir  Turlough 
Earl  of  Clanconnell,  but  he  promised  to  claim  no  other 
lands  colore  hotioris,"  (See  Calendar  of  Carew  A/SS.^ 
third  series,  p.  108.)  If  this  title  was  really  conferred. 
Sir  Turlough  is  never  spoken  of  by  the  stvle  of  carl. 
The  truth  was,  that  the  patent  for  creating  him  an  carl 
was  made  out ;  but  just  then  a  patriotic  ftt  seized  Tur- 
lough, and,  as  a  matter  of  course,  whilst  under  its  in- 
fluence, he  clung  to  the  Irish  title  of  7^e  O'A'n'll,  and 
despised  the  English  earldom.  Afterwards,  when  time 
had  brought  certain  changes,  Turlough  sought  to  be 
made  an  earl,  but  the  government  then  did  not  require 
his  support,  or  rather  reckoned  it  of  no  consequence,  and 
therefore  declined  to  advance  him  to  the  coveted  dignity. 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION.  37 

f 

this  apparently  favourable  move,  in  procuring  Turlough's  retirement,  had  been  made  with  a  deep 

ultimate  purpose  or  design.     Although  Hugh  Roe  Macmahon  had  been  formally  recognized  and 

confirmed  as  the  lord  of  Monaghan,  by  Fitzwilliam,  yet  when  he  ventured  to  recover  certain  rents 

and  duties  illegally  withheld  from  him,  using  the  Celtic  law  as  a  means  of  redress — for  there  was 

really  then  no  other  available — he  was  summoned  to  Dublin  to  answer  for  so  doing,  where  he  was 

treacherously  seized  by  Fitzwilliam,  and  soon  afterwards  hanged  at  the  entrance  of  his  own  castle  in 

Monaghan.     It  turned  out,   in  fact,   that   Macmahon  had  been  recognised  and  confirmed  as 

successor    to  the  family  estates   "purposely    to    draw   an    interest    unto    him  and  his  heirs, 

contrary  to   the   custom   of  the   country;    and  then,    by   his  execution,   to   draw  the  country 

into    her    Majesty's    hands,"    as,    indeed,    the    settlifig  of   Monaghan,    immediately    after  his 

execution,   abundantly    proved.       Tyrone  already  could  see    that  he  himself  had  been   used 

against    Turlough    Luineach,    just  as    his    father,   Matthew,    the   first    baron    of   Dungannon, 

had  been  used  against  Shane  O'Neill ;  and  he  now  felt,  besides,  that  neither  he  nor  any  other 

native  Ulster  landlord  had  the  least  security  against  the  dire  fate  that  had  befallen  Hugh  Roe 

Macmahon.     This  was,  indeed,  a  mischief-making  impression,  or  conviction ;  and,  unfortunately, 

the  conduct  of  leading  officials  at  that  crisis  was  calculated  to  fix  it  darkly  and  deeply  in  the  earl's 

mind 

Indeed,  on  all  sides,  the  bitterest  complaints  were  then  loudly  spoken  by  Ulster  lords  or  chiefs 

^^ecause  of  the  oppressions  inflicted  upon  them  by  government  officials ;  whilst  the  common  people 

ferally  groaned  under  the  exactions  and  insults  of  English  soldiers.     The  war,  which  was  then 

soon  to  commence,  has  been  hitherto  generally  regarded  by  English  readers  of  Irish  history  as 

simply  an  outburst  of  turbulent  Catholicism  on  the  part  of  the  Celtic  people  of  Ulster,  fomented  by 

the  ambition  of  Tyrone  to  become  The  O'Neill,  a  title  which  he  had  himself  freely  renounced,  and 

more  than  once  urged  the  government  practically  and  theoretically  to  extinguish  !    This  view  of 

the  origin  or  tause  of  that  war  cannot  now  for  a  moment  be  maintained  consistently  with  historic 

truth.    The  haziness,  if  not  the  palpable  darkness,  which  existed  as  to  the  issues  then  to  be 

discussed  and  decided,  has  been  latterly  very  much  removed  by  the  printing  of  Irish  State  papers, 

especially  the  vast  and  valuable  collection  known  as  the  Carew  Manuscripts,     Although  Sir  George 

Carew  only  looked  at  Ireland  as  a  field  on  which  to  gather  wealth  and  fame,  yet  to  him  Ireland  is 

indebted  for  the  careful  preservation  of  many  documents  which  will  certainly  make  her  past  history 

hetter  understood.      His  letters,  and  other  papers,  he  bequeathed  to  Sir  Thomas  Stafford,  who 

published,  in  1633,  under  the  title  oi  Pacata  Hibemia,  that  portion  of  them  which  had  reference  to 

CareVs  administration  when  president  of  Munster — ^an  office  which  he  held  from  1599  to  1602,  or 

^ut  the  space  of  three  years.    The  vast  remaining  portion  of  the  collection  fills  forty-three  manuscript 

flumes,  thirty-nine  of  which  are  preserved  in  the  library  at  Lambeth  Palace,  and  four  in  the  Bodleian 

library  at  Oxford.  This  mass  of  most  interesting  materials,  relating  to  a  most  important  period  of  Irish 

^tory  has  been  calendared  in  six  thick  octavo  volumes,   1867 — 1874.     Sir  William  Dugdale, 

referring  to  Carew's  labours,  says : — "  Tis  not  a  little  observable,  that  being  a  great  lover  of 

^^uities,   he  wrote  an  historical  account  of  those  memorable  passages  which  happened  in 

Ireland  during  the  term  of  the  three  years  he  continued  there   [in   Munster;    he  was  many 


38  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

years  in  Ireland],  'and  made  an  ample  collection  of  many  chronological  and  choice  observations,  as 
also  of  divers  exact  maps  relating  to  sundry  parts  of  that  realm,  some  whereof  are  now  in  the  public 
library  at  Oxford,  but  most  of  them  in  the  hands  of  Sir  Robert  Shirley,  bart,  of  Stanton  Harold, 
county  Leicester,  bought  of  his  executors."  It  may  further  be  mentioned,  to  the  honour  of 
Carew's  name  and  memory,  that  he  rendered  very  efficient  assistance  to  William  Camden  when  the 
latter  was  engaged  in  the  preparation  of  his  great  work  known  as  the  Britannia, 

V. 

The  people  of  Ulster,  therefore,  at  the  present  day,  are,  or  ought  to  be,  most  interested  in  the 
collections  made  by  Carew,  for  we  have  here  access  to  copies  of  the  letters  in  which  the  Ulster 
leaders  at  the  crisis  referred  to  gave  expression  to  their  wrongs,  as  well  as  of  those  which  were 
written  to  defend  the  conduct  and  policy  of  the  government.  We  are  thus  able  to  understand  how 
it  was  that  the  natives  then  so  universally  drew  themselves  together  in  Ulster  against  the  government, 
and  were  able  to  find  a  distinguished  leader  in  one  who  would  have  naturally  wished  to  be  at  peace 
with  his  former  English  associates  and  friends.  When  Shane  O'Neill  previously  made  war  with  the 
Pale  his  Uriaghts  or  sub-chiefs  were  not  generally  disposed  to  adopt  his  policy,  and  a  few  required 
to  be  actually  forced  into  the  combination  then  formed  throughout  Ulster.  This  disunion  continued 
to  be  the  source  of  Shane's  weakness,  and,  indeed,  he  was  finally  beaten,  not  so  much  by  the 
English  as  by  the  O'Donnells.  It  required  now,  however,  that  the  earl  of  Tyrone  should  use  his 
influence  to  moderate  the  headlong  rage  of  all  the  Ulster  lords  (even  including  O'Donnell  and 
Maguire,  who  had  refused  to  co-operate  with  Shane),  and  to  hold  them  back  so  long  as  there  was 
the  slightest  hope  of  coming  to  any  peaceable  solution  of  the  difficulties  with  the  government 
Now,  however,  as  in  many  former  cases,  the  government  had  its  own  officials  to  thank,  or  blame,  for 
drawing  it  into  a  long  and  bloody  struggle  with  its  own  subjects.  Among  those  culpable  officials, 
Fitzwilliam  the  deputy,  and  Sir  Henry  Bagnall  the  marshal,  occupied  "  a  bad  eminence."  The 
former,  it  is  true,  was  summarily  dismissed,  and  the  plottings  of  the  latter  were  suddenly  brought 
to  an  end  on  the  memorable  field  of  the  Yellow  Ford ;  but  they  had  already  done  the  evil  work, 
by  their  arrogance,  their  selfishness,  and  their  oppressions. 

When  the  government  of  Elizabeth  at  last  condescended,  by  its  commissioners,  to  ask  of  what 
the  "  rebel"  leaders  in  Ulster  had  to  complain,  a  few  of  the  latter  came  forward  with  short  but 
significant  statements  of  their  grievances.  As  the  notices  in  British  history  of  Ulster  affairs  at  that 
i:)eriod  have  been  almost  exclusively  devoted  to  the  task  of  describing  the  gallant  acts  of  such  men 
as  Bagenall,  and  the  political  sagacity  of  such  others  as  Fitzwilliam,  we  shall  now,  on  the  contrar)', 
I>ermit  their  "  rebel"  opponents  to  occupy  a  small  space  of  our  narrative  in  telling  their  own  tale. 
Tyrone's  statement  was,  perhaps,  the  most  imf>ortant,  and  we  give  it  first,  in  substance,  as  follows : — 
"  A  Note  of  sundry  causes  and  articles  wherewith  the  earl  of  Tyrone  is  grieved.  First,  the  marshal 
[Bagenall]  having  possessed  the  now  lord  deputy  [Fitzwilliam]  with  many  bribes  in  plate  and  great 
sums  of  money  \vrested  from  the  inhabitants  ^under  his  rule,  hath  in  June  last  [1593],  by  false 
accusations  of  treason,  sought  the  earl's  life,  and  produced  base  men  to  prove  the  same  when  the 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION. 


39 


lord  deputy  and  council  were  at  Dundalk,  who  have  brought  disquietness  in  all  these  northern 
parts. 

"2.  When  the  earl  brought  into  subjection  [submission  to  English  authority]  the  upper 
Clandhubois  in  the  time  of  Con  McNeile  Oge  (31),  Kilultagh  (32),  Kilwarlyn  (33),  McCarten's 
country  (34),  O'Hanlon's  country  (35),  and  all  McMahon's  country ;  such  as  appertained  to  the 
earl  (bearing  rule  in  any  of  these  places)  were  removed,  and  base  and  servile  fellows  of  the  marshal's 
faction  were  placed  in  their  rooms. 

"  3.  All  gentlemen  bearing  affection  towards  the  earl  are  put  from  having  any  place  of  credit  or 

government,  and  those  that  have  served  under  them,  either  as  officers,  soldiers,  or  servants,  are 

preferred  before  them ;  so  that,  though  the  earl  could  digest  the  villainy  of  Thomas  Henshawe 

{36),  now  seneschal  of  county  Monaghan,  William  Mote,  vice-constable  of  the  fort,  and  many  more 

(who,  being  instruments  of  the  marshal,  do  nothing  else  but  seek  to  cut  the  earl's  throat),  all  the 

earl's  followers  and  tenants  do  so  much  loathe  and  hate  those  parties,  as  they  will  never  trust  them 


(31).  Con  McNeale  C?^.— Neale  Oge,  the  father  of  this 
Con,  died  in  1537  ;  he  was  son  of  Niall  Mor,  who  died 
in  1512 ;  son  of  Con  of  Edenduffcarrick,  who  died  in 
1482 ;  son  of  Hugh  Boy,  slain  in  1444.  Con,  in  whose 
time  the  earl  of  Tyrone  reconciled  the  Upper  Clannaboy, 
comprising  the  two  modem  baronies  of  Castlereagh,  to 
English  rule,  was  a  warlike  chieftain,  and  supposed  to  be 
unmanageable.  Among  his  numerous  raids  he  repeatedly 
robbed  or  spoiled  the  inhabitants  of  Carrickfergus,  In 
a  "Note  of  their  greate  Losses"  it  is  recorded  that  on 
one  occasion  he  took  from  them  400  head  of  cattle,  after 
having  slain  the  mayor,  the  constable  of  the  castle  there, 
and  24  of  the  townsmen.  At  another  time,  he  carried 
off  their  mayor,  named  William  VVallis,  and  a  Mr. 
Corbett,  for  whom  he  received  540/.  as  ransom.  Indeed 
he  had  committed  so  many  depredations  that  the  good 
citizens  engaged  to  pay  Sorley  Boy  Macdonnell  the  sum 
of  20/.  to  defend  them  against  further  spoiling.  They 
paid  this  sum  in  wine,  silk,  and  saffron.  (See  Calendar 
4ff  Carrj}  MSS.y  second  series,  pp.  147,  148. 

(32).  KiiuJtagh.—Th\%  territory,  anciently  CoUl-iUltach, 

or  "wood  of  Ulster,"  comprises  the  present  parishes  of 

Ballinderry,  Aghalee,  Aghagallon,  Magheramesk,  Magher* 

agallf  and  th6  portion  of  Blaris  north  of  the  river  li^n. 

<Sce  Reeves's  EccUs.  Antiquities,  234,  347.)   At  the  time 

referred  to  in  the  text,  the  captain,  or  chief  of  Kilultagh 

•was  Cormac,  son  of  Neal  O'Neill.     On  the  comer  of  an 

old  map  of  Down,  published  about  1592,  there  is  the 

Hollowing  note  : — **  Alonge  this  river  [the  Lagan]  be  the 

s^ct  of  26  myles  groweth  much  wocdes,  as  well  hokes 

foaks]  for  tymber  as  bother  woodde,  which  maie  be  in 

tie  baie  of  Cragfergus  with  bote  or  drage."     (Ulster 

Journal  of  Arc haology^  vol.  iii.,  p.  274.)     In  1586,  Sir 

Hen.  Bagenall   in  his  Description  of  Ulster,   speaks  of 

Kiliultagh  as  "full  of  wood  and  bogg." 

{^i),  Kilwarlyn, — **  A  portion  of  Lower  Iveagh  [ad- 
joining Killultagh]  was  known  in  the  sixteenth  century 
as  JCtlwarlin,  which  is  variously  written  Kiltnarlin, 
XUwarly,  Kilwaminge,  and  Kilwarney,  This  tract 
comprehended  the  parish  of  Hillsborough,  and  the 
neighbouring  parts  of  Blaris,  Moira,  Dromore,  and  Dro- 


mara. 


.  .  It  was  the  patrimoney  of  a  branch  of 
the  Magennis  family  which  was  called  Mac  Rory,  from 
Rudhraighe,  an  ancestor.  Art,  sumamed  na  Afadhman, 
or  *of  the  Overthrows,'  who  flourished  a.d.  1380,  had 
two  sons.  Aodh  and  Cathbar  ;  from  the  former  of  whom 
the  lords  of  Iveagh  were  descended  ;  whilst  the  Kilwarlin 
branch  derived  its  origin  from  the  latter.  In  1575,  Ever 
Mac  Rory  of  Kilwarlyn  made  a  surrender  of  this  tract 
to  queen  Elizabeth,  and  took  out  a  patent  for  the  same. " 
(See  Reeves's  ^<rr/«.  Antiquities,  p.  389.)  The  "woo<l- 
men  of  Kilwarlin"  were  always  considered  a  formidable 
power  in  Ulster,  and  when  **  bringing  them  into  subjec- 
tion," the  earl  was  assuredly  doing  a  loyal  turn  for  the 
government. 

(34).  M^Cartan^s  Country. — This  was  the  present 
Kinelarty,  and  anciently  known  as  Cinel-Fagartaigh,  or 
**  Race  of  Fagartach,"  the  tribe  name  of  the  Macartans, — 
Fagartach,  from  whom  they  derived  it,  being  a  distin- 
guished descendant  of  Ross,  a  king  of  Uladh  in  the  third 
century.  Kinelarty  lies  between  Kilwarlin  and  Lecale. 
In  1585  their  chief  was  Acholie  McCartan,  who  was 
able  to  call  out  a  goodly  number  of  soldiers,  and  disposed 
to  join  Sorley  Boy  against  the  government ;  but  the  earl 
states  above  that  he  had  brought  the  Macartans  also 
**into  subjection." 

(35).  O  Hanlor^s  Country, — O'Hanlon's  country  was 
originally  Oneilan,  so  called  from  Niallan,  a  chief  de- 
scended from  one  of  the  three  Col  las  ;  he  was  progenitor 
of  the  O'Hanlons,  and  his  territory,  Ui  Niallan,  or 
Oneilan,  was  theirs  also,  as  his  representatives,  although 
in  more  modem  times  they  occupied  the  adjoining  terri- 
tory of  Orior,  (See  p.  8.)  To  this  latter  the  earl 
above  refers.  At  the  time  when  he  brought  it  into  sub- 
jection, its  chief  was  Sir  Oghie  O'Hanlon,  who  had 
married  one  of  the  earl's  sisters. 

(36).  Henshawe, — This  Lieutenant  Henshawe  was 
placed  at  the  head  of  a  garrison  in  the  island  of  Rathlin 
left  there  by  Perrott  in  1 585.  He  was  appointed  senes- 
chal of  Monaghan  in  1592.  See  Mornn's  Calendar, 
second  series,  p.  226  ;  see  also  Hill's  Historical  Account 
of  the  M(udonn€ll§  of  Antrim,  p.  177. 


40 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


or  come  to  them  ;  whereas,  if  any  gentlemen  of  good  minds  or  calling  were  in  the  places  of  those 
base  men,  they  would  yield  the  earl  assistance  in  her  majesty^s  service. 

"  4.  The  earl's  foster-brothers,  captain  Richard  and  Henry  Hovendon,  having  the  leading  of 
200  footmen  upon  the  earl's  charges,  overthrew  500  or  600  Spaniards  in  Tireconnell,  and  brought 
all  the  best  of  them  to  the  earl  (see  p.  32),  whom  he  sent  to  the  now  lord  deputy;  but  neither 
they  [the  Hovendens]  nor  the  earl,  had  any  recompence  for  that  service,  or  so  much  as  part  of 
the  ransom  of  those  prisoners  (which  was  great),  they  being  greatly  indebted  for  the  furnishing 
of  their  companies  at  that  time. 

"  5.  In  the  late  service  against  Magwire  (37),  it  was  promised  to  the  earl  that  he  should  be  in 
commission,  and  he  promised  the  lord  chancellor  [archbishop  Loftus]  that  he  would  come  with  the 
marshal  in  that  service,  without  remembering  any  causes  of  discord  between  them,  being  greatly 
moved  against  Magwire  in  that  he  brake  his  word  with  him.  That  service  cost  him  near  3,000/. 
sterling,  for  which  and  the  loss  of  his  blood  he  had  no  thanks,  but  was  called  traitor  by  the  lord 
deputy  at  his  own  table ;  while  the  marshal  (having  only  her  majesty's  forces  and  none  of  his  own) 
obtained  a  concordatum  of  400/. 

"  6.  The  earl  and  marshal  encamping  in  Fermanaghe,  the  marshal  caused  a  false  alarm  to  be 
suddenly  raised  in  his  camp,  in  hope  to  find  him  unwatchful. 

"  7.  When  the  earl  requested  but  200  soldiers  to  enable  his  company  to  go  upon  the  borders 
of  Tireconnell  to  take  a  prey,  the  marshal  would  let  him  have  only  60  or  80  men,  the  refuse  of 
several  companies.  The  earl,  however,  set  fonvard,  after  obtaining  the  marshal's  promise  that  he 
would  follow  next -day,  and  meet  the  earl's  men  the  second  night  at  *  Le  Place,'  in  Termon  Magrath ; 
but  the  marshal  came  not  until  the  third  or  fourth  night,  wherein  he  colourably  betrayed  the  earl 
and  all  his  company,  who  had  to  continue  in  arms  day  and  night  until  he  came  (38). 

"  8.  After  the  overthrow  given  at  Beleeke  by  the  earl's  means,  wherein  he  himself  was  sore 
hurt,  the  earl  wrote  to  the  lord  deputy  and  council  of  the  manner  of  the  service,  and  showed  the 
letter  to  the  marshal,  at  whose  request  he  added  that  both  himself  and  the  marshal  did  kill  of  the 
enemies  with  their  own  hands,  though  there  was  no  eye-witness  of  the  marshal's  killing  any  man ; 
but  the  marshal  in  his  letter  made  no  mention  of  the  earl  according  to  promise  (39). 

"9.  In  the  time  of  the  government  of  Sir  John  Perrot,  the  earl  brought  unto  him,  to  Drogheda, 
Sir  Rosse  McMahon,  knight,  for  defraying  of  whose  charges  then,  the  earl  gave  his  word  to  the 
town  there  for  the  sum  of  1 88/.  ster.  The  said  Sir  Rosse  had  also  the  earl's  daughter  to  wife, 
with  whom  he  gave  a  large  portion  of  his  goods  in  marriage.     And  the  earl  having  exhibited 


(37).  Against  Magwire. — The  inhabitants  of  Ferma- 
nagh had  led  the  way  in  the  great  uprising,  whilst  the 
earl  of  Tyrone  held  back  so  long  that  he  was  literally 
employed  for  a  time  to  quell  the  commencement  of  that 
revolt,  at  the  head  of  which  he  was  destined  to  take  his 
place  before  many  months.  In  this  service  against  his 
kinsmen,  the  Maguires,  he  got  severely  wounded  ;  and 
these  native  Irish  of  Ulster,  who  despised  his  apparent 
pusillanimity,  were  right  glad  to  hear  of  his  wounds. 

(38).   Until  Ju  came, — The  rising  in  Fermanagh   was 


encouraged  by  O'Donnell  (Hugh  Roe),  and,  as  punish- 
ment for  so  doing,  the  earl  and  Bagenall  were  sent  by  the 
government  to  *  take  a  prey*  in  O'Donnell's  country. 
The  treachery  of  Bagenall  at  Termonmagrath  disgusted 
the  earl,  and  prepared  him  to  yield  the  more  readily  to 
the  native  pressure  put  upon  him  at  the  time. 

(39).  To  promise, — As  the  earl  in  this  instance  had 
gone  further  to  gratify  Bagenall  than  truth  required  or 
permitted,  he  could  not,  with  a  good  grace,  accuse  his 
Drothcr  in  arms  of  deception. 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION. 


41 


complaint  hereupon  in  England,  brought  direction  from  thence  that  the  said  sum  of  188/.  ster. 
as  also  the  goods  which  he  gave  with  his  daughter,  might  be  paid  unto  the  earl  out  of  M*Mahon's 
country,  or  else  by  such  to  whom  the  country  is  fallen  ;  or  otherwise  that  his  daughter,  in  lieu  of 
her  marriage  goods,  should  have  a  third  part  of  that  country  for  her  dowry ;  in  neither  of  all  which 
the  earl  got  satisfaction.  And  when  the  country  was  divided,  every  peddling  merchant,  and  other 
men  of  no  account  or  desert,  had  a  share  thereof;  ind  the  marshal  (who  never  took  pains  in  the 
bringing  of  that  country  to  subjection)  had  a  great  part  of  it  almost  within  some  part  of  the  earl's 
inhabitants  [tenants]  ;  and  the  earl  himself,  neither  for  payment  of  the  said  debts  or  for  his  service 
done  in  that  country,  had  any  part  thereof  (40). 

"  10.  The  lord  deputy  and  marshal  are  knit  together  against  the  earl,  and  do  and  have  sought 
his  life.  They  are  greatly  befriended  in  court,  while  the  earl  himself,  since  the  death  of  the  Earl  of 
Leicester  (41),  the  late  Lord  Chancellor  (42),  Sir  Francis  Walshingham  (43),  and  others  of  his  friends 
in  England,  is  destitute  of  friends.  Therefore,  although  for  the  confidence  he  has  in  the  Lord 
Chancellor  and  Sir  Robert  Gardiner,  and  also  in  Sir  Anthony  St.  Leiger  (44)  (third  now  in  the 


(40).  Part  tfureof, — Rosse  MacMahon,  above  named, 
U  stated  by  the  Four  Masters  to  have  been  the  son  of 
Aitf  irho  was  the  son  of  Brian,  nicknamed  'of  the 
Early  Rising,*  who  was  the  son  of  Redmond,  who  was 
the  son  of  Glasny.  Rosse  died  in  the  year  1 589.  The 
oatlay  by  the  Earl  of  Tyrone  in  bringing  MacMahon  to 
Dublin  was  incurred  at  the  time  the  latter  was  induced 
to  surrender  his  country  to  Elizabeth  and  receive  it  again 
by  patent  from  the  Crown.  By  this  process  the  interest 
in  the  lands  was  drawn  to  the  chief  or  landlord,  and 
snatched  from  the  members  of  the  clan,  who  were  the 
^  owners.  It  would  appear,  on  the  distribution  of 
MacMahon's  lands  soon  afterwards,  that  neither  the  earl 
nor  bis  daughter  got  any  share  as  compensation  for  their 
claims.  His  daughter,  however,  married  another  Mac- 
Mahon, iiamed  Brian  McHugh  Oge,  who  obtained  a 
fragment  of  the  estates,  and  with  him,  then  an  old  man, 
*nd  his  moderate  means,  the  lady  Mary  O'Neill  was 
ohliged  to  be  content  The  earl  himself  had  owned  16 
tales  of  land  in  the  barony  of  Trough  which  were  given 
to  John  O'Conolan,  the  renegade  parson  of  Moiialtie. 
See  VUter  Inqmsitions^  Introduction,  p.  xxx. 

(4t).  Ltkester. — This  friend  to  the  earl  died   in  the 

V^  1588.     Robert  Dudley  was  a  £unous  man  in  his 

generation,  not  merely  as  a  favourite  of  Elizabeth,  but  ^ 

the  son  of  that  Duke  of  Northumberland  who  was  be- 

^^^^  for  proclaiming  Lady  Jane  Grey  as  queen.     He 

was  created  Eari  of  Denbigh  on  the  28th  of  September, 

I5^i  and  Earl  of  Leicester  on  the  following  day.     In 

1 5  75»  he  gave  the  Queen  a  memorable  entertainment  at 

Kenflwoi3i  Castle,  which  lasted  seventeen  da3rs,   and 

cost  ;f6o,ooa     Naunton,  the  author  of  the  Fragmenta 

R^oHa^  says  of  Leicester  :  —  **To  take  him  in  the  ob- 

scmtion  of  his  letters  and  writings,  which  should  best 

set  him  off,  for  such  as  have  fallen  into  my  hands,  I 

oevar  yet  saw  a  stile  or  phrase  more  seemingly  religious, 

aod  fuller  of  the  straines  of  devotion  ;  and  were  they  not 

sincere,  I  doubt  much  of  his  well-being ;  and  I  feare  he 

vn&  too  well  seene  in  the  aphorisms  of  Nicholas  the 

Florentine,  and  in  the  reaches  of  Caesar  Borgias. "    See 

P 


Lord  Somers's  Tracts^  edited  by  Sir  Walter  Scott,  vol.  i., 
pp.  259,  260. 

(42).  The  late  Lord  Chancellor, — ^The  earl  here  refers  to 
the  English  chancellor.  Sir  Christopher  Hatton,  who  suc- 
ceeded Sir  Thomas  Bromley  in  1 587.  Naunton's  account 
of  Hatton  is  as  follows: — **He  came  to  court,  as  his 
opposite  [opponent].  Sir  John  Perrott,  was  wont  to  «ay, 
by  the  Galliard  ;  for  he  came  thither  as  a  private  gentle- 
man of  the  innes  of  court,  in  a  maske ;  and  ror  his 
activity  and  person,  which  was  tall  and  proportionable, 
taken  into  her  [Elizabeth's]  favour ;  he  was  made  Vice- 
Chamberlain  ;  and,  shortly  after,  advanced  to  the  place 
of  Lord  Chancellor.  A  gentleman  that,  besides  the 
graces  of  his  person,  and  dancing,  had  also  the  endow- 
ment of  a  strong  and  subtile  capacity,  and  that  could 
soon  leame  the  discipline  and  garbe  both  of  the  times 
and  court ;  .  .  .  and  he  was  a  mere  vegetable  of 
the  court,  that  sprung  up  at  night,  and  sunke  again  at 
his  noone."  See  Lord  Somers*s  jyacis^  vol.  i.,  p.  270. 
Hatton  was  familiarly  known  as  the  dancing  chancellor. 

(43).  Walshingham, — He  was  principal  Secretary  of 
State,  **and  noted,"  says  Naimton,  "to  have  certain 
courtesies  and  secret  ways  of  intelligence  above  the  rest. 
.  .  .  Both  himself  and  Stafford,  that  preceded  him, 
might  well  have  been  compared  to  him  in  the  gospel 
that  sowed  his  tares  in  the  night,  so  did  they  their  seedes 
of  division  in  the  darke."  Walshingham  is  further 
described  by  a  writer  in  the  Biographia  Britannica  as 
one  who  **  outdid  the  Jesuits  in  their  own  bow,  and  over- 
reached them  in  their  own  mental  reservations.  For  two 
pistoles  an  order  he  had  all  the  private  papers  in  Europe. 
Few  letters  escaped  his  hand,  whose  contents  he  could 
read,  and  not  touch  the  seals.  He  had  the  wonderful  art 
of  weaving  plots,  in  which  busy  people  were  so  entangled 
that  they  could  never  escape,  but  were  sometimes  spared 
on  submission,  at  others,  hanged,  for  example."  Lord 
Somers's  Tracts^  vol.  i.,  p.  264. 

(44).  St,  Leiger, — The  three  persons  last  named  were 
commissioners  who  met  the  rebel  Irish  loixls. 


42 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


commission),  he  is  come  to  them,  nevertheless,  the  earl  will  use  the  best  means  he  can  for  preserving 
his  life,  and  will  not  trust  those  that  seek  his  death  by  indirect  means ;  yet  he  will  be  true  and 
faithful  to  her  highness. 

"  II.  Hugh  Roe  McMahon  succeeding  his  brother  Sir  Rosse  McMahon  by  virtue  of  her 
majesty's  letters  patents,  and  coming  to  the  State  [/./.,  going  to  Dublin]  upon  the  word  of  a  nobleman 
here,  and  the  word  also  of  Henry  Moore,  deceased,  a  gentleman  of  worship,  was  afterwards  executed 
as  a  traitor  for  distraining  for  his  right  according  to  custom  (45). 

"  1 2.  The  lord  deputy  sent  Humfrey  Willis  and  John  Fuller,  a  couple  of  base  men,  with  300 
men  or  more,  to  invade  Fermanagh  suddenly,  upon  pretence  that  the  said  Humfrey  Willis  went 
thither  as  a  sheriff;  whereupon  Mag^^ire  gathered  600  or  700  men,  and  besieged  them  in  a  church. 
The  earl  [of  Tyrone]  rescued  them,  and  procured  licence  for  them  safely  to  return,  with  bag  and 
baggage  (46). 

"  13.  When  the  lord  deputy  made  a  journey  into  Tireconnell  (after  the  said  Hovendons 
overthrew  the  Spaniards),  Sir  Owen  O'Toole  [O'Gallagher],  knight,  came  to  his  lordship  upon  his 
word,  and  he  promised  (as  by  witness  shall  be  proved)  "not  to  take  him  any  farther  than  Donnigall, 
being  ten  miles  from  the  said  Sir  Owen's  house,  where  the  lord  deputy  then  was,  which  was  not 
performed,  for  that  Sir  Owen  is  detained  prisoner  ever  sithence,  though  he  had  done  good  services. 
This  has  made  the  now  O'Donnell  to  be  most  fearful  (47). 

"14.  These  dealings  have  caused  the  earl  to  fear  his  life  in  coming  to  the  State  and  to  bring 
in  any  other. 

"  15.  The  marshal,  unknown  to  her  majesty  and  the  council  of  England,  has  procured  a 
commission  to  end  and  determine  all  causes  in  Ulster,  and  appointed  a  chief  sergeant  to  execute 


(45).  To  custom, — ^This  afikir  will  be  noticed  in  con- 
nection with  the  MacMahons'  statement  oi  grievances. 
In  the  meantime,  We  quote  a  reference  to  it  as  corrobora- 
tive of  the  earl's  statement : — **  When  upon  the  death  of 
a  great  lord  of  a  country,  there  hath  been  another  nomi- 
nated, chosen,  and  created,  he  hath  been  entertained 
with  fair  speeches,  taken  down  into  his  country,  and  for 
the  offences  of  other  men  indictments  have  been  framed 
against  him,  whereupon  he  hath  been  found  guilty,  and 
so  lost  his  life ;  which  hath  bred  such  terror  in  other 
great  lords  of  the  like  measure,  as  maketh  them  stand 
upon  those  terms  which  now  they  do."  See  A  briefe 
Declaration  of  the  Government  of  Ireland^  by  Captain 
Thomas  Lee,  1594. 

(46).  Baggage, — The  followng  reference  to  this  affair  is 
supplied  by  Captain  Thomas  Lee — **  A  great  part  of  that 
unquietness  of  O'Donnell's  country  [Maguire  s  country], 
came  by  Sir  William  Fitzwilliam  his  placing  of  one 
Wallis  there  to  be  sheriff,  who  had  with  him  300  of  the 
verv  rascals  and  scum  of  that  kingdom,  which  did  rob 
ana  spoil  that  people,  ravish  their  wives  and  daughters, 
and  made  havoc  of  all ;  which  bred  such  a  discontent- 
ment, as  that  the  whole  country  was  up  in  arms  against 


them,  so  as  if  the  Earl  of  Ijrrone  had  not  rescued  and 
delivered  him  and  them,  out  of  the  country,  they  had  been 
all  put  to  the  sword." 

(47).  Most  fearful,— ^et  p.  32.  TTie  following  is  Cap- 
tain Lee*s  reflection  on  this  wicked  proceeding  : — "When 
there  have  been  means  made  to  an  aged  gentleman  (nercr 
traitor  against  your  Majesty,  neither  he,  nor  any  of  hb 
ancestors,  and  dwelling  in  one  of  the  remotest  parts  of 
vour  kingdom),  to  come  into  your  State ;  and  that  the 
hard  courses  used  to  others,  made  him  demand  security 
for  his  coming  in,  which  hath  been  sent  unto  him  by  great 
oaths  and  protestations,  delivered  by  the  messenger,  [the 
pursuivant  Bermpigham],  whereof  he  hath  accepted,  and 
thereupon  come  m ;  yet  notwithstanding  all  these  promised 
safeties  this  ac^ed  gentleman  hath  been  detained  prisoner  for 
six  yean,  ana  so  yet  remaineth.  And  his  imprisonment  is 
the  only  colour  to  satisfy  your  majesty  for  a  wonderinl 
great  charge,  which  your  majesty  and  your  subjects  were 
then  put  unto.  But  his  detaining,  contrary  to  promise^ 
hath  bred  great  fear  in  all,  or  most  of  his  sort  (m  those 
parts)  of  crediting  what  your  state  there  [in  Ireland]  shall 
promise." 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION. 


43 


all  his  orders.     The  earl  is  not  well  pleased  that  the  marshal  should  bear  that  sway  over  him  (48). 

"  16.  Whereas,  the  late  marshal,  Sir  Nicholas  Bagnall,  left  his  daughter,  now  married  to  the 
earl,  1,000/.  current  money  of  England  for  her  preferment,  the  present  marshal  sithence  the  said 
marriage,  being  two  years  and  upwards,  wrongfully  detains  and  withholds  the  said  sum  (49). 

"  1 7.  Finally,  forasmuch  as  neither  the  earl  himself  nor  any  the  inhabitants  of  his  country  can 
abide  or  digest  the  said  malicious  practices  against  him,  insomuch  as  the  chiefest  in  his  country 
were  ready  to  tear  him  (50)  for  his  coming  in  to  your  honours,  he  therefore  humbly  prajrs  that  it 
would  please  her  highness  to  remove  those  base,  covetous,  cowardly  persons  that  only  seek  his 
overthrow.  (Signed),  Hugh  Tirone." 

"These  articles  were  delivered  to  us,  the  commissioners,  the  14th  day  of  March,  1593,  by  the 
Earl  of  T3rrone.  Ad.  Dublin,  cane,  Robert  Gardiner,  Anthony  St  Leiger."  Carew  MSS,  third 
series,  pp.  145-151- 

Next  to  O'Neill  in  importance  as  a  '  rebel'  was  Hugh  Roe  0*Donnell,  who  had  not  long 
before  made  his  escape  from  a  dungeon  in  Dublin,  and  who  now  came  forward  with  a  statement  of 
his  grievances,  in  substance  as  follows  : — 

"  I.  It  is  well-known  that  O'DonnelPs  predecessors  were  always  faithful  subjects  [to  the 


(48).  Sway  over  him, — The  infamy  of  this  tribunal — ^an 
abuse  of  the  court-martial — ^set  up  by  Bagenatl,  is  illus- 
trated by  the    following    passage   from  Captain   Lee's 
admirable  tract :-  "When  some  one  who  hath  been  a 
bad  member  (pardoned  by  your  majesty)  hath  heard  him- 
self exclaimed  against  to  be  a  notable  thief  after  his 
pardon ;  and  hath  simply  come  in  without  any  bonds,  or 
any  other  enforcement,  to  an  open  session,  to  take  his 
trial,  by  your  majesty's  laws,  if  any  could  accuse  him  : 
notwithstanding  his  coming  in  after  this  manner,  and 
y^ut  any  tr^  at  the  time  (because  he  was  a  bad  man 
in  times  past),   there  hath   been  order  given   in  that 
^on  for  the  execution  of  him  ;  and  so  he  mis  lost  his  life, 
to  the  great  dishonour  of  your  majesty,  and  discredit  of 
yonr  laws.    There  have  been  also  divers  others  pardoned 
py  yonr  majesty,  who  have  been  held  very  dangerous 
rncn,  and  after  their  pardon  have  lived  very  dutifully,  and 
done  your  majesty  great  service,  and  many  of  them  have 
lost  their  lives  therein ;  yet  upon  small  suggestions  to  the 
brd  deputy,  that  they  should  be  spoilers  of  your  majesty's 
subjects,  notwithstanding  their  pa^on,  there  have  been 
^^osi^  demanded  of  them  for  their  appearance  at  the  next 
*ssions.    They  knowing  themselves  guiltless,  have  most 
^^i^^y  entered  into  bonds,  and  appeared,  and  there  (no 
matter  being  found  to  charge  them),  they  have  been 
snaipsed  only  for  being  in  company  with  some  one  of 
your  highness  s  servitors,  at  the  killing  of  notorious  known 
traitors;  and  for  that  only  have  been  condemned  of 
treason  and  lost  their  lives.     And  this  dishonest  practice 
hath  been  by  consent  of  your  deputies." 

{49).  TTie  said  sum, — Respecting  the  Earl  of  T)rrone*s 
niairiage  with  Mabel  Bagenall,  the  reader  may  find  many 
cniKKis  details  in  the  Journal  of  the  Kilkenny  Archaol, 
Society t  new  series,  vol.  L,  pp.  298-309 ;  Meehan's 
Franciscan  Monasteries^  pp.  30-32 ;  HiU's  Historical 
Account  of  the  Maedanndls  of  Antrim^  pp.  212,  213. 


(50).  Ready  to  tear  him. — ^This  state  of  affairs  in  which 
the  earl  was  literally  placed  between  two  fires,  was 
brought  on  sooner  than  it  might  otherwise  have  occurred, 
by  his  own  act  of  going  forth  with  BagenaH  to  quell  the 
beginnings  of  the  insurrection  in  Fermanagh  and  DonegaL 
(see  p.  40).  On  his  return  from  that  campaign,  in  which 
he  inflicted  a  severe  defeat  on  his  friends  the  O'DonneUs 
and  Maguires,  at  Beleek,  he  found  all  his  immediate 
kinsmen  not  only  in  a  white  heat  of  rage,  but  literally 
in  arms,  because  of  his  vacillating  conduct  His  nephew 
Brian,  son  of  his  brother  Art  O'Neill,  of  Oneilan,  in 
Armagh,  had,  in  the  meantime  aroused  nearly  the  whole 
province,  and  could  have  played  the  part  of  The  O'Neill 
in  a  style  superior  to  any  member  of  the  clan  then  alive. 
The  O'Donnells,  O'Doghertys,  and  MacSw3mes,  were 
already  up  in  Donegal  or  Tirconnell ;  Cormac  O'Neill, 
the  earl's  brother  ;  Con,  his  illegitimate  son  ;  Henry  Oge 
O'Neill,  his  son-in-law ;  Arthur  and  Cormac,  the  sons  of 
Tirlagh  Luineach ;  together  with  the  O'Hagans,  the 
Donnellys,  and  the  O^uinns  were  all  ready  in  Tyrone. 
The  leading  Macmahons  stood  to  their  arms  in  Monaghan  ; 
whilst  in  Armagh,  the  O'Neills  of  the  Fews,  headed  by 
Tiriagh  McHenry,  the  earl's  half-brother ;  the  O'Neills, 
of  Clanbrazill  and  Oneilan,  the  Macans  of  Clancaim,  and 
the  O'Hanlons  of  Orior,  were  mustering  their  hosts  for 
the  war.  The  O'Reillys  of  Cavan,  jealous  of  the 
Maguires,  hung  fire  for  a  time,  but  soon  exploded  like 
their  neighbours.  The  Macdoimells  of  the  Route  and 
Glynns  were  devoted  to  the  earl,  whilst  any  doubtful 
parties  in  Ulster  had  a  visit  from  Brian  MacArt,  who 
soon  brought  them  to  the  test.  On  this  mission,  he  re- 
quired to  visit  the  O'Neills  of  Upper  and  Lower  Clanna- 
boy,  the  O'Neills  in  the  Dufferin,  the  O'Neills  of 
Killultagh,  and  the  Magennises  of  Kilwarlin ;  where  he 
dwelt  for  a  time  among  the  creaghts  of  the  several  dis- 
tricts, and  soon  convinced  them  of  the  necessity  for  going 
to  war. 


44 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


English].  (See  p.  i8).  His  father  overthrew  Shane  O'Neile  at  Farsitmore,  and  killed  and  drowned 
1,700  of  his  forces,  thus  forcing  him  to  fly  for  refuge  to  the  Scots,  by  whom  he  was  betrayed  and  so 
lost  his  life  (51). 

"  2.  In  the  rebellion  of  the  late  Earl  of  Desmond,  Sir  Turlaghe  Lenaghe,  the  late  O'Neale^ 
sought  by  bribery  to  induce  O'Donnell  to  join  with  him  against  her  Majesty,  and  take  part  with  the 
earl  [of  Desmond]  that  he  might  not  be  banished,  which  O'Donnell  refused  to  do  (52)  ;  though 
the  reward  that  O'Donnell  had  for  these  and  many  other  services  was  that  Sir  John  Perrott,  in  the 
time  of  his  government,  sent  Captain  Boyne  [Bowen]  with  150  soldiers  into  Tireconnell  undo- 
colour  to  help  O'Donnell  to  set  the  country  in  good  civility,  to  whom  O'Donnell  gave  divers 
pledges,  and  four  of  the  best  towns  for  relief  of  his  forces  ;  but  he  [Bowen]  not  only  took  ransom  for 
the  pledges  and  sent  some  of  them  to  Dublin,  but  also  surrendered  the  same  towns  to  a  supposed 
base  son  of  Callough  [Calvagh]  O'Donnell,  named  Hugh,  the  son  of  the  dean  of  Galchoule 
[O'Gallagher],  an  utter  enemy  of  O'DonnelL  By  this  indirect  dealing  Tyrconnell  grew  then  in 
uproar  against  O'Donnell,  and  was  utterly  wasted  (53). 

"  3.  The  said  Lord  Deputy  Perrott,  desiring  to  suppress  the  same  O'Donnell,  did  countenance 
the  said  Dean  O'Galcoule's  [O'Gallagher's]  son  against  O'Donnell,  and  sent  his  letters  of  special 
favour  with  him  to  her  Majesty,  from  whom  he  obtained  a  yearly  pension.     By  O'Donnell's 


(51).  Lost  his  life, — The  statement  here  made  by  Hugh 
Roe  respecting  tne  loyalty  of  the  O'Donnells  to  the 
government  was  amply  borne  out  by  well-known  facts. 
Captain  Lee,  who  knew  all  about  the  political  move- 
ments  in  Ulster,  confirms  this  statement  in  the  following 
terms  : — **  And  one  special  matter  more  is  to  be  thought 
upon,  where  your  Majesty,  in  all  the  wars  of  Shane 
O'Neale,  had  Tyrconnel  raithful  and  ready  to  do  your 
Highness  service,  and  to  assist  your  soldiers,  giving  the 
traitor  many  overthrows  (being  then  an  utter  enemy  to 
all  the  Neals) ;  now  it  is  not  so,  for  O'Donnell  [Hugh 
Roe]  is  married  to  the  Earl  of  Tyrone's  daughter,  apd  is 
thereby  so  linked  to  him,  that  no  place  of  succour  is  left 
to  your  Majesty's  forces  in  all  the  north ;  for  Sir  John 
O'Dogherty,  who  was  well  affected  to  your  Majesty's 
ser\'ice,  is  now  held  under  O'Donnell,  so  as  no  aid  is  to 
be  expected  from  him.  This  poor  gentleman  hath  been 
hardly  used  on  both  sides  ;  first  bv  Sir  William  Fitz- 
William,  who  imprisoned  him  in  hope  to  have  some 
Spanish  gold ;  and  now  by  O'Donnell,  because  he  shall 
not  in  these  troubles  annoy  him."  The  battle  of  Farsit- 
more, at  which  the  O'Donnells  defeated  Shane  O'Neill, 
is  described  in  the  following  terms  in  the  Book  of 
Howth  : — "He  [Shane]  went  with  a  great  power  upon 
O'Donyll  to  Teyreconell,  and  after  great  harms  done 
there,  this  O'Neyll  camped  be-west  the  river  Lough 
Foyll  in  A'Donyll's  country,  and  might  have  comen  over 
the  water  before.  And  upon  the  sudden  O'DonvU  set 
upon  A'Neyll,  and  fought  with  his  men,  that  with  very 
force  he  dryve  them  to  take  the  river,  and  there  was 
drowned.  At  this  time  the  sea  was  in;  and  O'Neyll, 
with  seven  horsemen,  fled  towards  a  ford  that  was  be- 
south  his  camp,  and  so  saved  himself.  And  after,  for 
very  necessity  of  men  of  war  to  maintain  his  wars,  he 
made  his  combination  with  the  Scots,  who  traitorously 


slew  him  in  their  camp;  whose  head  was  brought  and 
put  upon  the  castle  of  Dublin."  CcUmdar  of  Canrn 
AfSS.,  fifth  series,  pp.  208,  209. 

(52).  Refused  to  do. — This  attempted  seduction  of  the 
O'Donnells  by  Tirlagh  Luineach  occurred  in  1579.  In 
the  December  of  that  year  the  lord  Justice  wrote  to  the 
council  in  England,  stating  that  "Desmond  had  daily 
messengers  with  Turlough  Lenough,"  and  that  the  latter 
*f  was  procuring  Scots  to  go  to  Munster."  The  Book  of 
Howth  describe  Turlough  Luineach  at  this  time  as  "  not 
to  be  trusted,  for  he  killed  his  own  brother,  and  in  hb 
drunkenness  slew  three  of  the  best  captains  of  the  Gallo- 
glas  he  had,  by  reason  whereof  all  the  Galloglas  reliised 
him,  by  reason  whereof  he  became  unable  to  the  wan 
that  he  would."    Ilnd,^  p.  209. 

(53)«  Utterly  wasted, — For  the  settlement  of  these 
commotions  an  indenture  was  entered  into  between  Sir 
John  Perrott  and  Sir  Hugh  O'Donnell  in  the  following 
terms  : — **  Whereas,  the  said  Sir  Hugh,  by  his  indenture 
dated  at  the  camp,  near  Dunluce,  the  20th  Sept.,  15S4, 
did  covenant  to  And  and  maintain  in  Tyrconnell  aoo 
footmen  ;  and  whereas  he  seemeth  to  be  grieved  with  the 
disorder  of  such  soldiers  as  were  laid  upon  him,  the  Lord 
Deputy  and  council  are  content  to  receive  of  him,  for  the 
year  past,  700  good,  fat,  and  larg*  beeves  to  be  deliveied 
at  Sligo,  and  afterwards  yearly  at  Kells,  co.  Meath.  Sir 
Hugh  also  covenants  to  deliver  to  the  castle  of  Dnblin, 
his  son  Rowry  O'Donnell,  McSwyne  Fanad's  eldest  son, 
and  McSwyne  na  Doe's  eldest  son,  as  pledges  ;  ^^  to 
satisfy  all  controversies  between  him  and  WilOam  Bovcn^ 
and  between  the  said  Sir  Hugh  and  one  Hi^h  O'Domidl 
otherwise  McEdegan  [son  of  the  Dean],  and  Sir  Jolm 
O'Dogherty,  or  any  others."  CaUndar  ifCartm  MSS., 
second  series,  pp.  444,  445. 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION. 


45 


suppression  Tyrconnell  was  to  have  been  brought  into  her  hands.     But  this  hard  course  against 
him  was  stopped  by  the  death  of  the  said  Hugh,  the  dean's  son. 

"  4.  When  the  said  O'Donnell  was  ordered  to  send  in  his  second  son  as  a  pledge  he  would 
have  performed  the  same,  but  before  he  could  be  in  his  country,  the  lord  deputy  sent  one  skypper 
with  a  bark,  who  took  the  now  O'Donnell  and  brought  him  to  Dublin,  where  he  was  committed  to 
the  castle,  from  which  he  escaped  ;  but  through  the  vehemency  of  the  weather  and  his  travail  at 
that  time,  he  was  forced  to  cut  off  both  his  toes  to  the  second  joint ;  and  at  his  coming  into 
Tiieconnell  he  found  all  his  followers  dispersed,  the  country  ruinated,  and  then  one  Captain  Wallis 
beared  such  sway  in  the  country  there  as  he  kept  the  last  O'Donnell  with  him  as  a  thrall  or  vassal, 
to  be  as  it  were  a  guide  for  him  in  the  country  (54). 

"  5.  When  the  late  lord  deputy  made  a  journey  into  Tireconnell,  he  sent  by  John  Bremingham, 
the  pursuivant,  for  Sir  Owen  OToole  [O'Gallagher],  who  came  to  his  lordship  upon  his  faithful 
oath  and  word  that  he  would  not  carry  him  from  his  own  house  further  than  Donagall ;  but  the 
deputy  brought  him  to  Dublin,  where  he  was  kept  prisoner  six  years,  and,  by  reason  of  his  aged 
yean  and  continuance  in  prison,  he  died  soon  after  his  deliverance.  Before  the  deputy's  departure 
out  of  Sir  Owen's  town,  his  haggard  was  all  burned,  and  the  town  spoiled.  Such  was  the  reward 
that  the  old  knight  had  for  his  services  to  her  highness  (55). 


(54).  In  the  country — The  following  reference  to  Hugh 
Roe,  and  his  treacherous  capture,  was  written  by  one  who 
knew  him  personally  : — **  In  sooth,  dear  brother,  I  knew 
Him  from  his  fifteenth  year,   when  Perrot's  hired  agent 
btsely  entrapped  him  aboard  the  ship   that  anchored 
opposite  the  Carmelite  nunnery  of  Rathmullen.     Often 
U(i  often  during  the  four  years  he  was  prisoner  in  Dublin 
Castle,  have  I  loitered  about  that  fortress,  to  catch  a 
g&npse  of  him,  when  he  and  his  fellow-captives  were 
^owed  to  walk  out  on  the  ramparts  to  breathe  the  fresh 
air,— nay,  after  Deputy  Fitzwilliam  had  clutched  the  bribe 
of  a  thousand  pounds,  given  him  by  O'Neill,  to  connive 
>t  his  brother-m-law*s  [son-in-law's]  escape,  I  was  one  of 
t^  fint  to  congratulate  him  as  he  lay  sick  and  frostbitten 
in  the  fastness  of  Glenmalure,  tended  by  doctors  and 
gpwded  by  O'Byme's  galloglass.     ...     I  was  a  sol- 
dier in  my  prime,  and  I  marched  under  his  banner,  after 
I  had  witnessed  his  inauguration  on  the  mound  of  Kil- 
n*2crenan.    Well  did  I  know  him  in  every  phase  of  his 
career— in  the  hour  of  his  splendid  victory  over  Clifford, 
io  the  passes  of  the  Curliew^  and  when  his  cavalry  chased 
the  remnant  of  Bagnall's  routed  forces  from  the  Black- 
water  into  Armagh.     Alas,  I  knew  him  too  in  the  hour 
of  bis  reveise,  and  was  one  of  the  last  to  kiss  his  hand 
00  the  beach  of  Castlehaven,  when  he  was  about  to 
emiark  for  Spain."    (Meehan's  Franciscan  Monasteries^ 
pP-  67,  68.)    Captain  Lee  mentions  the  prison-sufferings 
of  O'Donnell  thus :  —  "He  being  young,  and  being  taken 
by  stratagem,  having  never  onended,   was  imprisoned 
tnth  great  severity,  many  irons  laid  upon  him,  as  if  he  had 
been  a  notable  traitor  and  male&ctor,  and  kept  still  among 
Ciiose  who  were  ever  notorious  traitors  against  your  Majes^ ; 
hsnog  no  oUier  council,  or  advice,  or  company  but  theirs 
— what  good  could  come  to  this  young  man,  for  his  edu- 
cation among  such,  I  humbly  refer  to  your  highness." 

(55).   T^llrr  Ai^^iKXJ.^See  pp.  32,  42.)    When  Cap- 
tain Lee  wrote  lus  celebrated  tract.   Sir  Owen  O'Toole 


was  still  in  prison,  and  that  candid  and  eloquent  writer 
recommended,  as  one  of  the  remedial  measures  for  Ulster, 
the  immediate  release  of  this  aged  captive.  **  There  is 
one  prisoner  in  the  castle  of  Dublin,"  says  he,  **an  aged 
and  impotent  gentleman,  of  whom  (if  it  be  your  highness's 
good  pleasure)  I  desire  your  Majesty  shall  take  notice ; 
his  name  is  Sir  Owen  Mc  [O*]  Toole,  one  who  was  never 
traitor  against  your  Majesty,  nor  ever  in  any  traitorous 
action,  but  so  good  a  subject,  and  so  faithful  a  servitor 
as  (for  his  deserts)  he  had  a  pension  from  your  Majesty, 
whereof  Sir  John  Perrot  bereft  him.  This  gentleman 
was  sent  for  by  promise  and  assurance  from  the  State, 
that  he  should  not  be  abridged  of  his  liberty ;  contrary 
whereunto  he  was  committed  unto  prison,  where  he  hath 
remained  eight  [six]  years ;  for  whose  enlargement  all 
bail  hath  been  refused,  yet  is  the  gentleman  of  so  great 
years,  as  he  is  not  able  to  go  [walk£  and  scarcely  able  to 
ride;  for  which  respects  and  for  the  State's  prombe, 
methinks,  he  ought  to  find  favour.  Moreover,  he  is 
pledge  for  no  man ;  if  he  were,  pledges  profit  nothing, 
as  before  I  have  rehearsed.  He  is  father-in-law  to  the 
Earl  of  Tyrone,  and  if  the  eari  recovers  your  Majest3r's 
favour,  how  highly  your  Majesty  shall  honour  yourself  by 
bestowing  this  old  gentleman's  liberty  upon  the  Earl, 
and  how  much  your  Majesty  shall  provoke  the  Earl  to 
acknowledge  your  highness's  favour  therein,  your  Majesty 
may  easily  judge,  and  they  who  know  the  state  of  that 
kingdom  can  inform.  But,  if  the  Earl  be  not  so  happy 
as  to  obtain  such  grace  at  your  Majesty's  hands,  yet  it 
may  please  your  Majesty  graciously  to  regard  the  poor 
aged  gentleman,  that  upon  good  sureties  he  may  nave 
his  liberty ;  for  which  I  know  there  would  be  five  hun- 
dred pounds  given,  though  he  can  by  no  means  steed 
them  in  any  bad  practice  against  your  Majesty's  State 
there,  neither  in  body  nor  council ;  neither  can  his  im- 
prisonment stay  any  of  his  friends  from  doing  evil,  if 
they  be  badly  disposed. " 


46 


THE    PIANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


"  These  and  many  like  courses,  together  with  the  base  practices  daily  used  against  his 
neighbours  in  Fermanagh  and  Connaught,  caused  O'Donnell  to  fall  into  his  disloyalty,  fearing  his 
own  turn  would  come  to  be  banished  (56)."  See  Calendar  of  Carew  MSS,,  third  series,  pp.  152, 153. 

The  next  in  importance  as  a  '  rebel*  leader  was  Sir  Hugh  Maguirc,  who  presented  the  story 
of  his  '  griefs*  in  substance  as  follows  : — "  i.  His  predecessors  have  been  of  long  time  loyal  subjects. 
When  Fermanagh  came  into  his  hands  he  began  therein  a  most  dutiful  course  of  obedience ;  and 
when  first  he  went  [to  Dublin]  after  being  placed  in  his  father's  room,  the  late  lord  deputy  and 
council  gave  him  special  letters  of  favour,  that  neither  the  Binghams  nor  his  other  bordering 
neighbours,  should  molest  him,  but  assist  him  in  his  lawful  causes.  Yet  Sir  Richard  Bingham,  and 
the  rest  of  his  name  in  Connaught,  came  with  forces  and  arms  into  his  country,  burned  it,  killed 
divers  men,  women,  and  children,  and  took  from  him  3,000  cows,  besides  500  garrans  and  mares, 
and  certain  women  prisoners  whom  he  was  fain  to  ransom. 

"  2.  Magwire  sent  letters  to  the  lord  deputy  and  council  to  desire  restitution,  and  they 
addressed  letters  to  Sir  Richard  Bingham  and  the  rest  for  causing  amends  to  be  made ;  but  the 
said  Binghams  came  forthwith  into  Fermanagh  at  t^vo  several  times,  and  preyed  Magwire  of  6,000 
cows,  besides  much  murder. 

"  3.  Captain  Henshawe,  seneschal  of  Monaghan,  came  several  times  with  his  forces  to  places 
in  Fermanagh,  called  Clankally  and  Cowle  [now  the  baronies  of  Clankelly  and  Coole],  captured 
3,000  cows,  and  killed  men,  women,  and  children ;  but  Sir  William  Fitzwilliam  caused  no  redress 
thereof. 

"  4.  In  the  several  sheriffships  of  Sir  Henry  Duke  and  Sir  Edward  Harbert  in  co.  Cavan,  they 
killed  and  preyed  Magwire*s  tenants  in  Knockclangorie,  the  Cowle,  and  other  places,  to  his  and 
their  damages  of  3,000/.  ster. 

"  5.  Afterwards,  the  said  lord  deputy  being  in  Monaghan,  Magwire  obtained  faithful  oath  and 
promise  that  he  should  not  be  charged  with  sheriffs  or  other  officers  in  regard  of  his  coming  to  do 
obedience,  for  one  whole  year ;  for  which  grant  he  paid  as  a  bribe  to  his  lordship  and  others  300 
beoffs  [fat  cattle],  besides  150  beoffs  to  the  marshal  [Bagenall] ;  but  Captain  Wallis,  having  Captain 
Fuller's  band  and  other  companies  with  him,  was  sent  with  commission  to  be  sheriff  there,  and 


(56).  To  be  banished, — As  remedial  measures  for  Tir- 
connell,  and  to  withhold  0*Donnell  from  any  hostile 
movement  at  this  crisis  against  the  government,  Captain 
Lee  recommended  to  the  Queen's  adoption  the  following 
course  : — **For  O'Donners  country  it  may  please  your 
Majesty  to  send  thither  such  gentlemen  against  whom 
O'Donnel,  nor  his  country,  can  take  exceptions ;  nor 
your  State  there  think  unfit  for  judgment  or  ability ; 
namely,  Captain  Anthony  Brabazon,  to  be  seneschal  of 
that  country,  and  to  have  under  his  chaise  25  horse ; 
Captain  Nathxuiiel  Smith,  to  have  100  foot ;  Captain 
Wuliam  Warren,  to  have  his  five  horsemen .  restored  to 
him  (which  Sir  William  Fitzwilliam  bestowed  on  others) 
and  added  to  the  20  which  he  hath,  to  strengthen  his 
band,  and  to  be  sent  thither  to  be  sheriff  of  that  county. 
And  for  the  settling  of  your  Majesty's  forces  there,  to 
reserve  these  lands  to  be  inhabited  by  those  whom  these 


gentlemen  shall  take  with  them,  viz.,  one  small  barony 
belonging  to  Tyrconnel,  on  that  side  of  the  river  towards 
Connaught,  called,  as  I  take  it,  the  barony  of  Carbeiy 
[Tirhugh]  ;  the  castle  of  Ballyshannon  to  be  reserved 
still  in  your  Majesty's  hands,  for  him  who  shall  command 
there ;  the  abbey  of  Tashiroe  [Assaroe]  to  be  bestowed 
on  the  seneschal ;  the  abbey  of  Donegal  and  the  abbey 
of  Derrie  are  two  abbies  that  have;  no  lands  belonging  to 
them  ;^  so  much  land,  therefore,  to  be  laid  unto  them  as 
shall  l>e  thought  sufficient  for  their  habitations,  who  shaU 
be  drawn  thither."  The  march  of  events  prevented 
these  recommendations  from  being  carried  out  Although 
the  people  of  Tirconnell  would  have  no  doubt  welcomed 
the  advent  of  these  popular  servitors  when  contrasted 
with  such  others  as  ^wen,  Henshawe,  and  Wallis,  yet 
it  is  questionable  whether  they  would  have  wUlii^ly 
given  up  so  much  land  for  their  accommodation. 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION. 


47 


preyed  the  country.  They  cut  off  the  head  of  the  son  of  Edmond  McHugh  McGwyre,  and  hurled 
it  from  place  to  place  as  a  football  (57).  These  hard  courses  compelled  him  to  entertain  forces  to 
expulse  the  said  Wallis,  and  his  companies,  whereupon  ensued  the  proclaiming  of  himself  and  his 
followers,  and  their  banishment  out  of  the  country  (58)." 

Another  powerful  Ulster  lord  was  that  Shane,  son  of  the  well-known  Sir  Brian  Mac  Felim 

O'Neill,  who  was  treacherously  seized  by  the  first  Devereux,  Earl  of  Essex,  at  Belfast,  and  executed 

at  Carrickfergus,  in   1574.     His  eldest  son,  Shane,  held  afterwards  the  greater  part  of  Lower 

Clannaboy,  and  now,  in  1593,  came  forward  to  state  the  "  grievances"  of  which  he  had  to  complain, 

and  which,  indeed,  amply  justified  the  rebellious  attitude  he  had  assumed.     His  statement  is  short, 

but  significantly  expressive  of  very  great  spoliation  on  the  part  of  two  servitors,  viz.,  Essex  and 

BagenalL     He  stated,  in  substance,  as  follows : — "i.  Soon  after  the  death  of  Sir  Brian  McPhelim, 

iather  to  the  said  Shane,  the  island  Magie,  adjoining  to  Carrickfergus,  being  time  out  of  mind  his 

proper  inheritance,  was  taken  from  him  by  the  Earl  of  Essex,  and  has  ever  since  been  kept  to  his 

[Essex's]  use,  contrary  to  equity  and  justice  (59). 


(57).  As  a  football, — ^This  account  of  the  wicked  doings 
of  &iese  officers  is  not  overdrawn.     Captain  Lee,  one  of 
their  own  class,  who  knew  them  well,  expresses  his  in- 
dignation, in  the  following  terms,  that  Fitzwilliam  should 
have  employed  such  men  : — "His  [Fitzwilliam's]  greedy 
desire  at  that  time  in  respect  of  his  own  gain,  made  him 
careless  of  these  offers,  and  of  those  good  servitors  who 
would  freely  offer  themselves ;  he  esteemed  best  of  the 
baser  sort,  as  of  one  Willis,  and  such  as  he  was,  whom 
he  made  captains  and  officers  in  the  Irish  countries,  who, 
with  their  great  troops  of  base  rascals,  behaved  them- 
selres  so  disorderly,  as  made  the  whple  country  to  rise 
in  an  uproar,  and  to  drive  them  out,  which  advantage 

5'vnxL  by  those  bad  and  lewd  fellows  to  the  ill-disposed 
nshry,  hath  emboldened  them  ever  since  to  stand  in  no 
fear  or  subiection  of  your  highness's  state  or  forces  there. 
These,  and  many  the  like  services,  as  bad  or  worse,  did 
Sir  William  Fitzwilliam,  whilst  he  had  authority  in  that 
ite."  Two  other  infamous  officers  with  Wailis  were 
Dwi named  Conell  and  Fuller,  "whose  behaviour,"  says 
1^  "being  such  as  a  well  advised  captain  of  that  kinf- 
*»om  would  not  admit  into  any  office  of  that  company. 

W).  Out  of  the  country, — Captain  Lee  recommended 

to  the  Queen  the  remedial  treatment  for  Fermanagh  he 

^scribe  as  follows: — "For  Maguire's  country,  called 

'^^rmanohan.    Sir    Dudl^  Loftus  with    his    25  horse 

(whereof  he  also  wanteth  five,  taken  as  aforesaid  is  men- 

tjoned,  to  be  restored  to  him),  and  he  to  be  sent  senes- 

caalof  that  country  ;  Henry  Warren,  his  brother-in-law, 

to  be  sent  as  sheriff  and  assistant  unto  him,  and  to  have 

100  footmen  under  his  charge.     Your  Majesty  to  bestow 

00  those  two  gentlemen  (to  be  inhabited  by  them  and 

thor  friends)  all  those  islands  upon  the  lough  [Erne], 

«o<i  that  one  abbey  which  is  in  the  country  [Lisgoole], 

aod  the  lands  belonging  to  it,  and  the  castle  of  Ennis- 

kSkot  lately  taken  from  Maguire  ;  and  the  rest  of  that 

country,  to  remain  to  the  chief  men  inhabiting  there,  so 

as  they  defray  the  seneschal's  fee  and  charge  of  the  25 

horst,  to  be  levied  in  butter,  meal,  and  beef,  both  for 

tie  diet  and  wages  of  the  horsemen,  and  their  horse- 

mea^  in  such  sort  as  the  Irishry  themselves  shall  set 


down,  which  will  be  a  greater  proportion  than  vour  Ma- 
jesty would  demand.  **  The  Maguires  would  have  had 
a  popular  seneschal  and  sheriff,  but  at  a  very  great  cost, 
by  the  surrender  of  Lisgoole,  Eimiskillen,  and  all  the 
islands.  No  opportunity,  however,  was  afforded  of  test- 
ing Lee's  plan,  which,  to  say  the  least,  was  well  intended 
towards  the  natives. 

(59).  Equity  and  justice, — ^This  well-known  island  on 
the  Antrim  coast,  so  called  fix)m  the  Magees  who  occu- 
pied it,  formed  one  of  the  most  attractive  and  valuable 
portions  of  lower  or  northern  Clannaboy.  It  was  un- 
ceremoniously seized  by  Walter  Devereux,  Earl  of  Essex, 
on  his  arriv^  at  Carrickfergus,  in  1572,  as  governor  of 
Ulster.  The  following  notices  of  this  place  were  written 
about  the  year  1680,  by  Richard  Dobbs,  a  gentleman, 
who  resided  in  its  vicinity : — "  This  island  once  belonged 
to  the  Earl  of  Essex,  who  was  beheaded  in  the  time  of 
Queen  Elizabeth  [Robert  Devereux,  son  of  Walter  above 
named] ;  his  patent  was  once  in  my  hands ;  and  after 
(by  what  means  I  know  not)  enjoyed  by  Lord  Arthur 
Chichester,  lord  deputy  of  Ireland,  who  set  a  lease  of  it 
to  Sir  Moses  Hill,  and  the  inheritance  is  now  in  the 
same  family,  and  the  Lease  in  the  Hills.  .  .  .  This 
Island  Magee  is  really  a  Peninsula,  being  encompassed 
by  the  sea  and  Loughlam,  which  ebbs  and  flows  within 
less  than  a  mile  round,  and  where  the  sea  comes  not,  is 
parted  horn  Broad  Island  by  only  a  ditch.  It  is  about 
five  miles  long,  and  the  narrowest  place  about  a  mile 
broad,  in  some  two.  I  have  heard  Colonel  Hill  of  Hills- 
borough say  it  contained  near  5, 500  acres,  whereof  5,000, 
I  am  sure,  is  fit  for  fork  and  scythe,  nor  did  I  ever  see 
better  groimd  for  so  much  together,  whether  for  grain  or 
cattle ;  much  Limestone  ground — the  upper  end  clay, 
the  middle  mixt,  the  lower  end  next  the  north,  sandy ; 
no  lough  nor  mill-pond  in  it  (though  two  mills)  but  what 
is  fed  by  springs.  .  .  .  The  yearly  rent  of  this  Island 
was  once  £1000  per  ann.,  the  tithe  now  set  at  ;f  no  per 
ann.,  and  may  contain  about  300  meiL"  See  Hill's 
Historical  Account  of  the  Macdonnells  of  Antrim^  pp. 

378.  379. 


48 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


"  2.  Soon  afterwards  Sir  Henry  Bagenall  took  from  him  the  barony  of  Mawghrye  Mome,  and 
finding  him  on  a  time  in  the  Newrye,  did  there  imprison  him,  and  would  not  deliver  him  until  he 
had  passed  unto  him  [Bagenall]  what  assurance  he  would  have  on  said  barony  (60) — [/>.,  until 
Shane  had  signed  away  and  surrendered  his  right  in  the  lands,  now  mentioned,  to  Bagenall]. 

"3.  He  sustained  many  other  griefs  by  the  hands  of  her  Majesty's  officers  at  Carrickfergus,  to 
the  great  losses  of  his  followers  and  goods,  and  the  hazard  of  his  own  life."    Ibid,,  pp.  154,  155. 

But  the  last  and  worst  in  this  series  of  cases  was  that  which  occurred  in  Monaghan,  and  which, 
indeed,  was  so  appalling  as  to  frighten  the  whole  province  into  armed  resistance.  This  bloody 
business  has  already  been  slightly  referred  to  in  the  Earl  of  Tyrone's  explanation  of  his  grievances, 
but  the  following  statement  of  two  Macmahon  gentlemen  reveals  the  several  circumstances  connected 
with  the  murder  of  their  chief  lord  more  fully.  Their  statement  is  headed  'Grievances  of  Brian 
McHugh  Oge  McMahoune,  and  Ewer  McCollo  [Ever  Mac  Cu  Uladh  Macmahon] — "First  The 
said  Brian  McHugh  Oge  saith  that  Hugh  Roe  McMahowne,  named  [The]  McMahowne  by  Sir 
William  Fitzwilliam,  and  so  confirmed  and  allowed  to  succeed  by  virtue  of  his  brother's  [Sir  Rosse 
Macmahon's]  letters  patents,  and  coming  into  the  state  [going  to  Dublin]  upon  the  word  of  a  noble- 
man, and  the  word  of  Henry  More,  of  Mellifont,  deceased,  was  afterwards  most  unjustly  and 
treacherously  executed  by  the  said  Sir  William  at  his  [Hugh  Roe  Macmahon's]  own  house  of 
Monaghan.  Which  allowance  of  succession,  as  this  McMahowne  doth  imagine  [rather  as  all 
parties  well  knew],  was  granted  him,  the  said  Hugh,  purposely  to  draw  an  interest  unto  him  and 
his  heirs,  contrary  to  the  custom  of  the  country,  and  then  by  his  execution  to  draw  the  country  into 
her  majesty's  hands,  as  the  sequel  showeth.  After  whose  execution  a  garrison  was  placed  in 
Monaghan,  the  name  of  MpMahowne  extinguished,  and  the  substance  of  the  country  divided  by 
the  said  Sir  William  Fitzwilliam,  between  Sir  Henry  Bagnall,  Baron  Elliott,  Mr.  Solicitor  Wilbraham, 
Captain  Henshawe,  Captain  Wallis,  the  Parson  O'Connolan,  Hugh  Strowbridge,  Thomas  Asshe, 
Charles  Fleming,  and  divers  other  strangers  (61) ;  and  so  the  native  country  people  for  the  most 


(60).  On  said  barony, — This  scurvy  trick  at  Newry 
was  quite  in  keeping  with  Henry  Bagenall's  general 
doings  when  the  natives  were  concerned.  It  appears  to 
have  been  specially  shabby,  however,  in  this  instance, 
for  Shane  MacBrian  had  proved  a  faithful  ally  to  Bagenall 
and  Sir  John  Perrott  when  they  were  engaged  in  a  sort 
of  death-grapple  with  Sorley  Boy,  on  the  Antrim  coast. 
(Sec  HilPs  Historical  Account  of  the  Macdonncils  of 
Antrim f  pp.  167,  168.)  Bagenall  appears  to  have  done 
more  at  reconnoitering  on  other  peoples'  lands  than  fight* 
ing  the  Scots,  on  the  occasion  referred  to,  for  it  was  soon 
after  that  date  (15S4)  that  he  took  forcible  possession  of 
the  very  valuable  fragment  of  Shane  MacBrian's  pro- 
perty known  as  Magheramome.  The  Shanescastle  estate 
is  minus  Magheramome  to  the  present  day.  The  early 
subdivisions  of  Magheramome  were  Ballinehowlane, 
Ballyedward,  Ballyhone,  Ballinligg,  Ballimullaghfeneroe, 
Ballycregneconvoy,  Ballinenowlane,  Ballimulnemossagh, 
BallyroUowe,  Baliirickard,  Ballilissitladdy,  Ballicuggelie, 
BallifoUard,   and    Balliglinn.       See    Erck's  Repertory, 

p.  434- 
(61).  Divers  other  strangers, — These  worthies  got  the 


several  lands  undermentioned,  viz..  Sir  Henry  Bagemdl, 
'Mn  respecte  of  his  hability  to  builde  and  inhabite  for 
the  defence  of  the  countrey,  beinge  upon  a  most  dangerous 
lx>rder,"  got  all  the  lands  of  Mucknoe,  being  three  ballv- 
betaghs,  or  about  3,000  acres  Irish  measure.  Sir  John 
Elliot,  **thirde  baron  of  her  Majesty's  Exchequer,  got 
Ballivolan,  containing  eight  tates  [about  60  acres  in  each 
tate] ;  Aghnemollen  and  Annye,  ten  tates ;  and  Drom- 
snott,  six  tates.  It  does  not  appear  that  any  of  Mac- 
Mahon's  lands  fell  into  the  possession  of  Mr.  Solicitor 
Wilbraham.  Captain  /(enshcrwe,  as  seneschal  of  Mon- 
aghan, got  possession  of  MacMahon's  principal  residence 
or  castle,  with  all  its  adjoining  lands.  Captain  IVal/is, 
or,  as  his  name  is  sometimes  written.  Captain  Humphry 
Willies,  got  lands  called  Kilmore,  containing  six  tates ; 
and  Ballemorohie,  one  ballybetagh,  or  1,000  Irish  acres;. 

?7^M  Connolan,  parson  of  Monaltie,  got  lands  called 
edannat,  consisting  of  two  sub-divisions  named  Bally- 
macmurray  and  Ballekenan,  and  containing  16  tates. 
Thomas  Asshe,  of  Trym,  gent,  got  the  lands  known  as 
Kammallys,  three  tates ;  Dom^,  one  tate ;  Grq^in 
and  the  Grainge,  six  tates.     Hugh  StrowMdge,  of  Dublm, 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION. 


49 


part  disinherited,  and  some  of  those  that  had  portions  allotted  to  them  were  afterwards  murdered, 
namely,  Patrick  McCollo  [Mac-Cu-Uladh]  McBryen  [MacMahon]  coming  upon  safe  conduct  to 
the  Parson  O'Connolan,  then  a  justice  of  the  peace,  and  chief  man  in  authority  for  her  Majesty  in 
that  country,  was  intercepted  by  an  ambush  appointed  by  the  said  parson  and  Captain  Wallis,  and 
there  slain  (62). 

"  Item,  The  said  McMahowne  [Brian  McHugh  Oge]  (63)  saith  that  the  late  McMahowne  was 

indicted  for  taking  a  distress  according  to  the  wonted  custom  of  his  country  [/.^.,  according  to  the 

Brehon  law,  and  before  the  introduction  of  English  law  in  the  country]  for  certain  duties  belonging 

unto  him,  having,  by  direction  from  the  State,  Captain  Wallis's  and  Captain  Plunkett*s  companies 

in  his  company.      Also,  a  grand  jury  of  soldiers,  very  base  and  corrupt  people,  were  sworn 

and  empannelled   to  indict   him,  and  not   gentlemen   or   freeholders   of  the   country.     Also, 

in  the  jury  for  his  trial  there  were    four  soldiers,   and    nine   gentlemen   and  kerne    of  the 

country.     Whiles  they  chaunted  they  were  guarded  with  a  band  of  soldiers,  who  suffered  the 

soldiers  of  the  jury  to  depart  from  them  at  pleasure,  and  the  nine  of  the  country  were  so  strictly 

kept  as  they  were  not  permitted  to  take  any  relief,  or  part  asunder  during  24  hours,  until  they  were 

forced  by  threatenings  and  to  condemn  him.     Also,  Ewer  M*Collo  saith  that  Rosse 

Connor  came  to  him  from  the  lord  deputy,  willing  him  to  persuade  his  son,  being  one  of  the  jury, 

to  agree  to  the  condemnation  of  McMahowne,  and  that  he  should  be  pardoned  for  all  offences. 

"Also,  he  saith  that  the  said  Hugh  Roe  McMahowne,  for  obtaining  Sir  William  Fitzwilliam's 

consent  [to  succeed  his  brother.  Sir  Rosse  McMahowneJ,  promised  and  paid  him  500  cows,  the 

lady  his  wife  100,  and  John  Fitzwilliam  his  son  100  ;  and  that  also  he  paid  to  divers  others  in 

reward,  and  for  charges  while  he  attended  the  State,  to  the  number  of  800  cows  (64). 


pnL,  got  Tullecarbet,  containing  12  tates.  Charles 
fimn^s  name  does  not  appear  on  the  list  as  a  partaker 
of  these  lands.  The  divers  other  strangers  were  Roger 
Garlon  of  Strabanan,  in  the  county  of  Louth,  gent.  ; 
Tlioinas  Clinton  of  Dowdeston,  in  the  county  of  Louth, 
tPA, ;  William  Garvey,  gent.,  son  to  the  Lord  Primate ; 
«d  parrot  Dillon  of  Ardbraccan,  gent.  See  l/ister 
^f^ptisUmSf  p.  XXX.,  Introduction. 
.  (62).  Andtfure  slain, — ^The  object  of  this  foul  murder 
is  not  stated,  but  there  is  little  doubt  that  it  was  simply 
to  share  the  victim's  lands  between  the  two  persons 
J^y  concerned,  O'Connolan  and  Wallis.  Patrick 
ncCoUo  Macms^on,  unfortunately  for  himself,  had  got 
•  ^jc  MTccl  of  the  hmds  belonging  to  the  clan,  because 
of  his  high  rank  as  a  member  of  one  of  its  leading 
^i^ilKs.  He  had  got  in  demesne  or  fee-simple  the  lands 
»Ued  Balljvicklewlie,  Ballenecrevie,  BaUileckie,  BaUe- 
skeaghan,  and  Bsdl^Ianka,  containing  in  all  about  5000 

Inst  acres.      See   Ulster  InquisitiofiSy  Introduction,  p. 

zzvii. 

(63).  Brian  McHugh  Oge.—'*  Brian,  son  of  Hugh  Oge, 
^  of  Hugh,  son  of  John  Boy,  lord  of  Dartry-Oriel, 
*^M  the  barony  of  Dartry  in  the  west  of  the  county  of 
JJ^aghan,  It  is  more  usually  called  Dartry-Coininnsi, 
™>  the  townland  of  Coninish,  now  divided  into  several 
solnieiiominations."  (See  the  Fmr  Masters^  vol.  vi., 
P*  1S76.)  In  the  distribution  of  the  Monaghan  lands, 
G' 


this  gentleman,  known  as  Brian  McHugh  Oge,  got  five 
ballybetaghs  in  demesne,  or  about  5000  Irish  acres ; 
whilst  his  yoimger  brother,  Rorie,  got  three  ballybetaghs 
**in  respecte  of  his  great  dependancie  in  the  countrey, 
and  hope  of  his  loyaltie  to  her  Majesty. "  The  freeholders 
under  Brian  McHugh  Oge  had  allotted  to  them  thirteen 
ballybetaghs,  13,000  acres,  they  paying  to  him  a  small 
chief  rent.  (See  Ulster  Inquisitions^  Introduction,  pp. 
xxi.,  xxvii.,  xxviii).  Brian  McHugh  Oge,  afterwards 
known  as  Sir  Brian  Macmahon,  married  the  Lady  Mary 
O'Neill,  a  daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Tyrone,  and  the 
widow  of  his  kinsman.  Sir  Rosse  MacMahon.  In  a 
letter  from  Sir  Henry  Dillon,  written  in  April,  1608, 
there  is  the  following  notice  of  this  gentleman: — **As 
for  Sir  Bryen  McMahowne,  who  has  been  an  ancient 
rebel,  he  is  grown  to  be  every  day  heavy  with  surfeit, 
and  albeit  he  be  married  to  the  Lady  Mary,  daughter  of 
Tyrone,  yet  if  his  son  be  still  restrained  he  will  not  stir 
unless  there  be  a  general  revolt.  .  .  .  He  is  best 
followed  of  any  man  in  the  country,  and  it  were  well  he 
were  not  discontented."  See  Hill's  Historical  Account 
of  the  MacdonnellSf  p.  222. 

(64).  Number  of  Soo  cows. — Cattle  had  then  to  repre- 
sent coin,  even  in  the  matter  of  bribes.  Fitzwilliam's 
friends,  such  as  they  were,  endeavoured  to  palliate  his 
grossly  corrupt  conduct  by  respresenting  that  he  had 
applied  to  the  Queen  for  more  liberal  means  in  his  office 


50 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


"  Also,  the  said  Ewer  McCoUo  saith  that  after  the  said  McMahowne  was  executed,  the  said 
Ewer  was  forced  by  the  said  Earl  of  Tyrone  to  pay  about  200/.  ster.  to  Captain  St  Leger,  as  agent 
for  the  Earl  of  Essex  (65),  who  claimeth  interest  in  Farney,  parcel  of  McMahowne's  country,  firom 
her  Majesty ;  since  which  time  the  said  Ewer  went  into  England  to  procure  the  earPs  favour  and 
allowance  that  he  might  enjoy  his  country,  in  regard  the  Queen  hath  no  interest  therein ;  which  the 
earl  refused  to  yield  unto,  but  purposed  to  supplant  the  said  Ewer,  and  thereupon  leased  the  same 
to  John  Talbott,  who  not  only  expulsed  the  said  Ewer  out  of  the  country,  but  also  spoiled  him  of 
all  his  com  and  goods,  to  the  value  of  at  least  1,000/.,  and  so  turned  him  a  begging,  utterly  refusing 
to  let  him  have  so  much  as  one  village  in  the  country  for  rent,  upon  which  he  might  dwell. 

**  Also,  the  said  Ewer  McMahowne  saith  that  he  and  his  country  have  endured  and  sustained 
many  other  injuries  and  oppressions,  too  tedious  to  be  repeated,  but  are  well  known  to  divers  of 
the  council.'*    /did,,  pp.  156-158. 

Camden  lived  at  this  time,  and  had  probably  copies  of  the  several  foregoing  statements  of 
grievances  put  forward  by  the  Ulster  lords,  but  he  has  given,  in  his  Annals  of  the  Reign  of  Elizaheth^ 
only  a  very  meagre  and  prejudiced  account  of  the  grounds  of  their  complaints.  When  referring  to 
the  Earl  of  Tyrone's  case  he  says  : — "  But  the  greatest  provocation  was  given  him  [Tyrone]  by  the 
lord  deputy's  having  suppressed  the  name  of  M'Mahon  in  the  district  next  to  him,  and  parcelling 
the  country  among  several  persons,  which  he  feared  might  be  hi?  own  case,  and  that  of  the  other 
lords."  Exactly  so ;  and  in  the  case  of  O'Neill  himself,  the  preliminary  steps  to  the  same  end  had 
been  undoubtedly  taken,  when  the  government  constituted  him  chief  lord  to  the  exclusion  of 


of  deputy,  but  was  told,  in  answer  to  his  application, 
*  *  that  the  government  of  Ireland  was  a  preferment,  and 
not  a  service,  and  he  ever  after  endeavoured  to  make  his 
profit  of  the  post" — a  course  which  he  most  scrupul- 
ously  and  at  the  same  time  most  unscrupulously — 
followed  out.  His  wife,  apparently  a  faithful  helpmate, 
at  least  in  taking  bribes,  was  the  third  daughter  of  Sir 
William  Sydney  of  Penshurst  in  Kent,  and  sister  to  Sir 
Henry  Sydney,  whose  name  is  too  well  known  as  having 
also,  like  Fitzwilliam,  been  three  several  times  deputy 
here.  Sydney,  in  a  letter  to  Robert  Cecil  the  secretary, 
in  1566,  specially  recommends  Fitzwilliam,  by  mention- 
ing  among  other  matters,  his  signal  services  in  some  one 
day  of  which  we  can  find  no  trace.  **  He  hathe  deserved 
well,"  says  Sydney,  **  which  is  not  to  be  forgotten,  if  it 
wcare  but  one  daye's  service  in  which  he  saved  the  honour 
of  our  nation  in  this  lande,  and  the  lyves  of  as  many 
Englishmen  as  weare  on  foot  that  daye  in  the  fielde.  I 
pray  you,  Sir,  friende  him,  for  in  trothe  he  is  hontst,^* 
See  Lodge*s  Peerage,  edited  by  Archdall,  vol.  ii.,  pp. 

174-176. 

(65).  Essex, — For  an  account  of  Essex's  grant  of  lands 
in  Monaghan,  see  E.  P.  Shirley's  interesting  history 
of  the  territory  anciently  known  as  Farney,  This  Ever 
Macmahon  was  son  of  CoUo,  or  Cu  Uladh,  lord  of  Farney, 
and  a  younger  brother  of  Hugh  Roe  Macmahon,  who  had 
been  treacherously  executed  by  Fitzwilliam.  (See  Four 
Masters^  vol.  vi.,  pp.  1877,  1879).  By  the  report  of  a 
survey  made  in  Monaghaji  in  1591,  Ever  McCoUo  is 
represented  as  getting  five  ballybetaghs  of  land  in  the 


barony  of  Cremome,  or  about  5,000  acres  in  demesne, 
whilst  his  tenants  occupied  eleven  ballybetaghs,  paying 
him  a  small  chiefr}\  Although  the  Earl  of  Tyrone  was 
thus  called  on  and  required  to  assist  in  getting  rents  for 
the  Earl  of  Essex,  he  could  not  get  his  own  claims  on 
certain  lands  in  Monaghan  maintained.  The  commis- 
sioners of  survev  settled  that  whole  affair  in  1 59 1,  thus  : — 
'*Wee  fynde  also  a  towne  or  ballebetagh  conteignynge 
sixteen  tates,  called  Porterlare,  lyenge  in  the  barony  of 
Trough,  within  this  county  of  Monochan :  nevertheless^ 
the  erle  of  Tyrone  doth  clayme  yt  by  his  letters  patents  of 
Tyrone,  and  hee  and  his  ancestors  seme  to  have  helde  yt 
longe  in  mortgadge  from  some  of  the  Macmahons:  and  jet, 
to  prove  that  yt  lyeth  in  Monochan  before  the  lorde 
deputye,  councell,  and  us  the  commissioners,  in  the  pres- 
ence of  the  erle,  the  chief  gent  [gentry]  of  this  county  did 
avouche  that  the  said  towne  is  within  this  county,  and 
that  in  respecte  of  some  freedome  thereof,  the  reste  of  the 
barony  of  Trough  did  al  wayes  beare  the  chardge  of  yt :  and 
not  by  the  erle  denyed  to  have  sometymes  beyne  belonginge 
to  the  Macmahons,  so  as  beinge  of  this  countye  of 
Monochxui,  yt  is  not  encluded  within  the  erle*s  letters 
patents  of  Tyrone  ;  and  John  Connolan,  parson  of  Mon* 
altie,  knowinge  her  Majesty  to  be  intituled  therennto, 
hath  desyred  to  have  yt  at  her  Majesty's  hands  for  a  lenl  ; 
therefore,  wee  have  allotted  yt  unto  him,  paying  tean 
shillings  currant  money  of  England  for  every  of  the  said 
tates,  which  in  the  whole  amoimteth  to  ei^t  pooades 
currant  money  of  England."  See  Ulster  Inpueitioms^ 
Introduction,  p.  xxx. 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION.  5 1 

Turlough  Luineach,  and  summoned  him  to  Dublin  to  seize  and  try  him  for  taking  the  law  into  his 

own  hands  in  the  case  of  Hugh  Gaveloc     Had  O'Neill  not  slipped  through  Fitzwilliam's  fingers  as 

above  described,  his  head  would  have  very  soon  occupied  a  conspicuous  position  over  some  gate  of 

the  castle ;  and  his  lands  (as  all  interests  in  them  had  been  drawn  to,  or  centred  in  himself  by  the 

late  arrangement)  would  not  have  belonged  to  the  clan  at  his  death,  but,  according  to  English  or 

feudal  law,  would  have  been  vested  in  the  crown.     No  wonder  Macmahon's  fate  was  the  ^*  greatest 

frovocation^^  as  Camden  expresses  it,  to  O'Neill !    That  fate  naturally  precipitated  the  fierce  war 

which  ensued,  and  which  postponed  the  consummation  so  devoutly  wished  for  by  the  English — 

bat  only  for  a  very  few  years.     Among  the  many  deep  stains  that  attach  to  the  rule  of  the  English 

in  Ireland,  this  one  survives  in  the  most  vivid  colouring ;  it  is,  indeed,  one  of  those  stains  that 

cannot  be  rubbed  out,  or  covered  up.     It  is  one  which  even  Camden  and  Cox  cannot  overlook  ; 

and  which  Fynes  Moryson  himself,  who  was  specially  retained  to  furnish  an  account  of  the  war 

suitable  for  English  palates,  is  compelled  to  notice  in  the  following  terms  : — 

*'  About  this  time  MacMahon,  chieftain  of  Monaghan  [Sir  Rosse  Macmahon],  died,  who  in 

his  life-time  had  siurendered  this  his  country,  held  by  tanistry,  the  Irish  law,  into  her  Majesty's 

hands,  and  received  a  re-grant  thereof  under  the  broad  seal  of  England,  to  him  and  his  heirs  males, 

and  for  default  of  such,  to  his  brother  Hugh  Roe  MacMahown,  with  other  remainders.     And  this 

nian  [Sir  Rosse]  dying  without  heirs  males,  his  said  brother  came  up  to  the  Stale  [/>.,  visited 

Dublin]  that  he  might  be  settled  in  his  inheritance,  hoping  to  be  countenanced  and  cherished  as 

her  Majest/s  patentee ;  but  he  found,  as  the  Irish  say  [Moryson  mitigates,  as  he  thinks,  the  terrible 

tale,  by  the  occasional  parenthetical  phrase — '  as  the  Irish  say*]  that  he  could  not  be  admitted  till  he  had 

promised  to  give  about  600  [700]  cows,  for  such  and  no  other  are  the  Irish  bribes  [/>.,  their  cattle 

*cre  the  only  property  of  the  natives].     Afterwards,  he  was  imprisoned,  the  Irish  say,  for  failing  in 

P^  of  this  payment,  and  within  a  few  days  again  inlarged ;  with  promise  that  the  lord  deputy 

^"niself  would  go  settle  him  in  his  country  of  Monaghan,  whither  his  lordship  took  his  journey 

shortly  afler,  with  him  [Hugh  Roe  Macmahon]  in  his  company.     At  their  first  arrival,  the  gentleman 

^"^  clapped  in  bolts,  and  within  two  days  afler,  indicted,  arraigned,  and  executed  at  his  own  house ; 

^  done,  as  the  Irish  said,  by  such  officers  as  the  lord  deputy  carried  with  him  for  that  purpose. 

The  Irish  said  he  was  found  guilty  by  a  jury  of  soldiers,  but  no  gentlemen  or  freeholders ;  and  that 

of  them  four  English  soldiers  were  suffered  to  go  and  come  at  pleasure,  but  the  others  being  Irish 

k^e,  were  kept  straight  [strait],  and  starved  till  they  found  him  guilty.     The  treason  for  which  he 

'"^  condemned  was  because,  some  two  years  before,  he,  pretending  a  rent  due  unto  him  out  of  the 

Femey,  upon  that  pretence  levied  forces,  and  so  marching  into  the  Femey  in  a  warlike  manner, 

made  a  distress  of  the  same  (which  by  the  English  law  may  perhaps  be  treason,  but  in  that  country, 

never  before  subject  to  law,  it  was  thought  no  rare  thing  nor  great  offence).     The  greater  part  of 

tie  country  was  divided  between  four  gentlemen  of  that  name  (66),  under  a  yearly  rent  to  the 

{fid).  Of  that  name—i.e.^  the  name  of  Macmahon.    In-  — "Wee  have  nomynated  and  appointed  to  divers  genlle- 

%teziA.  of  four,  there  were  six  gentlemen  of  the  clan  consti-  men  and  inhabitants  of  that  contrey,  certain  rwrtions  of 

tnted  the  chief  landed  proprietors  in  the    county    of  her  Mati«s  said  landes  and  hereditaments,  and  have  sett 

Monaghan.     The  conmiissioners  of  survey,  in  1591,  say :  downe-what  rentes  and  services  everie  one  shall  aunswere 


52 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Queen,  and,  as  they  said,  not  without  payment  of  a  good  fine  underhand.  The  marshal.  Sir 
Henry  Bagnol,  had  part  of  the  country ;  Captain  Henshawe  was  made  seneschal  of  the  country, 
and  had  the  gentleman's  [Hugh  Roe  Macmahon's]  chief  house,  with  a  portion  of  land ;  and  to 
divers  others  smaller  portions  of  land  were  assigned  ;  and  the  Irish  spared  not  to  say  that  these 
men  were  all  the  contrivers  of  his  [Hugh  Roe  Macmahon's]  death,  and  that  every  one  paid 
something  [to  the  lord  deputy]  for  his  share.  Hereupon  the  Irish  of  that  name,  besides  the  former 
allegations,  exclaimed  that  their  kinsman  was  treacherously  executed  to  entitle  the  Queen  to  his 
land,  and  to  extinguish  the  name  of  MacMahown,  and  that  his  substance  was  divided  between  the 
lord  deputy  and  the  marshal ;  yea,  that  a  pardon  was  offered  to  one  of  the  jury  for  his  son,  being 
in  danger  of  the  law,  upon  condition  that  he  would  consent  to  find  this  his  kinsman  guilty." 

"  Great  part  of  these  exclamations  were  contained  in  a  complaint  exhibited  against  the  lord 
deputy,  after  his  return  into  England,  to  the  lords  of  her  Majesty's  council,  about  the  end  of  the 
year  1595  (67),  in  the  name  of  MacGuire  and  Ever  MacCooley*'  [one  of  the  MacMahons,  and  chief 
over  the  Irish  in  the  Femey].     See  Fynes  Moryson's  History^  vol.  i.,  pp.  24,  25. 


for  the  same,  viz.,  first,  wee  do  lymite  and  appointe  that 
the  chiefe  gentlemen  named  in  her  Mati«s  fetters,  viz., 
Ever  McCowlie  [McCu  Uladh]  McMahowne,  Brien 
McHugh  Oge  McMahowne,  Rosse  bane  McMahowne, 
Patrick  McArte  moile  McMsdiowne,  Patrick  duff  McMa- 
howne,  and  Patrick  McKena,  shall  holde  their  demayne 
landes  severally  to  them  and  the  heirs  males  of  their  bodies, 
with  remainders  of  like  estate  to  such  as  they  shall  name, 
to  descende  accordinge  to  the  course  of  common  lawes  ; 
and  eche  of  them  to  hold  by  knight  service  in  capite,  and 
to  paie  yearelie  to  her  Mat>«  for  every  tathe  or  tate,  beinge 
estemed  threscore  acres,  seaven  shillinges  six  pence,  cur- 
rant  money  of  England,  which  is  after  the  rate  of  one 
peny  half  peny  the  acre,  and  to  yield  the  rysing  out  of 
horsemen  and  footmen,  as  hereafter  followeth — 
Brien  McHugh  Oge  McMahowne,  fower  horsemen,  eighte 

ffootemen. 
Rosse  bane  McMahowne,  three  horsemen,  sixe  ffootemen. 
Patrick  McArte  moile  McMahowne,  two  horsemen,  ffowre 

ffootemen. 
Ever    McCollo   McMahowne,    ifower    horsemen,    eight 

ffootmen. 
Patrick  duff  McMahowne,  one  horseman,  two  ffootmen. 
Patrick  McKena,  two  horsemen,  ffowre  ffootemen. 
l^rien  Oge    McMahowne  [brother  to  Hugh  Roe],  one 

horseman,  two  ffootemen. 
**  And  wee  doe  likewise  appointe  the  inferior  freeholders 
shall  holde  their  landes  allotted  to  them  in  fee  symple,  in 
free  and  common  soccadge,  and  not  in  capite,  as  of  her 
Mamies  castle  of  Monaghan ;  and  pay  yearelie  t  wen  tie 
shillings  sterling  for  every  tate,  and  to  bee  paied  to  the 
superior  lord  under  whom  wee  doe  assigne  them  their 
portions,  twelve  shillings  sixe  pence  sterling."  (See 
Ulster  Inquisitions^  Introduction,  p.  xxi).  The  foregoing 
arrangements  were  liberal  on  the  part  of  the  government, 
even  although  the  extensive  church  lands  of  various 
classes  were  distributed  among  strangers  to  the  county, 
but  they  were  arrangements  which  prolmbly  those  who  con- 
ceded them  to  the  natives  had  not  much  fear  would  be  per- 
manent. Neither  were  they  of  long  standing ;  for  this  very 
distribution    of   the    murdered    chieftain's    estates   had 


thoroughly  combined  the  other  Ulster  lords  in  self- 
defence,  and  in  a  very  few  years  the  above  arrangements 
were  utterly  broken  up — but  for  a  much  longer  period 
than  the  dominant  party  had  calculated — to  be  succeeded 
by  others  more  permanent  but  much  less  favourable  to 
the  freeholders  or  fee-simple  people  of  1 591. 

(67).   Tfie  year  iS9S* — This  complaint  was  permitted 
to  be  exhibited  against  Fitzwilliam  as  a  mere  matter  of 
form,  but  the  lords  of  the  council  in  London  took  good. 
care  that  Fitzwilliam  should  be  not  only  scathless  T 
honoured  for  his  long  career  of  spoliation  in  Ireland 
forty  years'  duration.     He  came  in  1 554,  and  went  i 
I594«     Whilst  this  complaint  was  being  brought  forward  _ 
Captain  Lee  had  presented  a  copy  of  his  I'ract  to  th^. 
Queen,  referring  to  the  fact  that  Fitzwilliam  was  to 
arraigned,  and  also  to  the  tactics  he  would  probabh-. 
employ  in  his  defence.     "  It  may  be,"  says  Lee,  •* 
he  will  frame  answers  (o  aH  objections,  or  else  be 
suaded  by  some  of  his  friends  not  to  esteem  them  woi 
answering,  in  respect  of  the  inequali^  of  my  estate 
his,  chiefly  for  the  place  which  he  held.      For  thb 
appeal  to  your  majesty,  how  much  it  importeth.     And 
do  further  affirm,  that  until  he  can  disprove  these  mi 
allegations,  or  some  of  them,  I  ought  to  {}e  credited 
well  or  better  than  he  ;  because  he  hath  avouched  to ; 
highness's  most  honourable  council  monstrous  and  aj 
rent  untruth,  which  I  can  as  well  prove  as  any  of 
aforesaid  articles,  namely,  about  the  buying  and  g 
of  imprest  bills  into  his  hands,  which  he  hath  sworn 
forsworn  he  never  did  ;  but  for  the  proof  hereof,  if  it 
your  highness's  pleasure  that  Sir  Henry  Wallop  and  _ 
men  be  called,  they  can  testify  what  great  sums  of  waa€f 
they  had  paid  him  for  imprest  bills  in  the  time  of  his 
government,  whereof  most  of  them  came  to  him  better 
cheap  than  buying  :  for  some  were  given  him  for  oow% 
which  he  took  in  bribes,   upon  b&se  conditions,   of  tbe 
Irishry;  other  for  placing  men  in  sundry  offices.     And 
he  that  will  make  no  conscience  to  forswear  such  a  thii» 
before  so  honourable  personages,  b  hardly  to  be  credited 
in  excusing  greater  nuitters." 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION.  53 

On  this  narrative,  O'Donovan  has  the  following  comment : — "The  guilt  of  Fitzwilliam  is  rendered 

still  darker  by  the  fact  lately  published  from  the  State  papers  by  Mr.  Shirley  {Account  of  Famey^ 

pp.  88,  91,  92,  98),  that  in  his  correspondence  with  Burghley,  he  expressed  his  anxiety  for  a 

speedy  resolution  of  MacMahon's  case — *  that  either  the  olde  MacMahon  maie  be  pardoned  and 

sett  at  libertie,  or  a  new  one  made,  or  that  title  extinguished  and  the  territory  divided.*     The 

reader  will  at  once  perceive  the  wickedness  of  Fitzwilliam's  proposal  to  make  a  new  MacMahon, 

when  he  considers  that  Hugh  Roe  was  his  brother's  heir,  according  to  the  law  of  England,  and  that 

large  bribes  had  been  offered  to  corrupt  the  chief  governor  [Fitzwilliam]  to  raise  *one  Brien 

McHugh  Oge'  to  the  chieftainship.     On  the  2nd  of  March,  1589,  Fitzwilliam  wrote  to  Burghley 

and  the  lords  of  the  council  a  long  letter,  in  which  he  mentions  this  fact  as  follows  : — *  Some 

wdede  attempted  me  for  him  [Brien  McHugh  Oge]  with  large  offers ;  but  as  I  never  benefitted 

Riyself  by  the  admission  of  him  that  is  now  in  durance,  so  did  I  meane  to  convert  his  fall  wholie  to 

the  profit  of  her  Majesty  and  good  of  this  State,  nothing  regarding  mine  owne  private  ;  I  speak  it 

in  the  presence  of  God,  by  whom  I  hope  to  be  saved  !' "     See  Shirley's  Account  of  Famey,  p.  89 ; 

^ealso  Annals  of  Four  Masters^  vol.  vi.,  pp.  1878,  1879. 

Had  the  Queen  and  her  government  wanted  peace  instead  of  Ulster  spoils  for  English  servitors, 

^ey  might  have  had  it  at  the  eleventh  hour,  for  O'Neill  and  O'Donnell  kept  preaching  patience  to 

their  principal  adherents  even  after  there  had  been  collisions  at  certain  points,  of  the  opposing 

'^rces.     O'Neill  wrote  to  Elizabeth  so  late  as  the  middle  of  October,  1595.     "Calling  to  mind," 

^^^d.  he,  "  the  great  benefits  and  the  place  of  honour  I  have  received  from  your  Majesty,  I  confess 

foT^g^tting  my  duty  and  obedience  contrary  to  your  peace  and  laws,  which  I  cannot  justify  ;  yet  I 

protest  the  same  proceeded  not  of  malice  or  ambition,  but  from  being  unjustly  and  wickedly 

^^arged  by  my  enemies,  who  sought  to  deprive  me  of  my  life.     These  ungodly  practices  being 

^^^nown  to  my  kinsmen,  allies,  and  followers,  they,  in  revenge,  entered  into  some  traitorous  actions 

'^'^tliout  my  privity  or  consent     As  this  has  been  my  first  offence,  and  I  have  before  served  your 

^^ighness  with  loss  of  my  blood,  extend  upon  me  and  my  followers  your  gracious  pardon.     I  did 

*^ot  take  the  name  of  The  O'Neill  upon  me  in  respect  of  any  greater  dignity  than  I  have,  but 

^distrusting  some  other  might  take  that  name  on  him,  and  so  thereby  breed  trouble  to  my  tenants 

2aid  followers.     I  am  now  desirous  to  renounce  it.     My  enemies  have  published  abroad  that  I 

practised  iRdth  foreign  princes  to  draw  strangers  into  this  kingdom ;  but  I  did  not  go  about  any 

such  matter  before  the  20th  August  last,  other  than  the  retaining  of  some  Scots  for  my  own  defence. 

^fore  that  date,  I  never  practised  with,  or  received  letter  or  message  from  the  king  of  Spain,  or 

^er  potentate,  for  the  disturbance  of  the  quiet  of  your  Majesty's  realm,  neither  will  henceforward." 

This  was,  indeed,  sufficiently  humble  language,  when  it  is  considered  that  the  Queen  had  very 

^^cently  issued  a  proclamation  in  which  she  denounced  him  as  a  bastard  and  a  murderer  of  her 

objects.    Of  his  enemies  in  Ireland,  and  their  slandering  of  his  motives,  Captain  Lee  speaks  thus  : 

"""Let  those  devices  of  theirs  take  effect  or  otherwise,  to  have  him  cut  off,  your  Majesty's  whole 

^dom  there  would  moan  it  most  pitifully ;  for  there  was  never  man  bred  in  those  parts  who  hath 

your  Majesty  greater  service  than  he,  with  often  loss  of  his  blood  upon  notable  enemies  of 


54  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

your  Majesty's ;  yea,  more  often  than  all  the  other  nobles  of  Ireland.  And  what  quietness  your 
Majesty  had  there  many  years  past  in  the  northern  parts  of  that  kingdom  [from  1567  to  i594]«  it  is 
neither  your  forces  there  placed  (which  have  been  but  small),  nor  their  great  service  who  com- 
mended them,  but  only  the  honest  disposition  and  carriage  of  the  earl  hath  made  them  obedient  in 
those  parts  to  your  Majesty.  And  what  pity  it  is  that  a  man  of  his  worth  and  worthiness  shall  be 
thus  dealt  withal  by  his  adversaries  (who  are  men  who  have  had  great  places  of  commandment), 
and  neither  they,  nor  their  friends  for  them,  are  able  to  set  do\*Ti  they  ever  did  your  Majesty  one 
good  day's  service,  I  humbly  leave  to  your  Majesty.  If  he  were  so  bad  as  they  would  fain  enforce 
(as  many  as  know  him  and  the  strength  of  his  country  will  witness  thus  much  with  me),  he  might 
very  easily  cut  off  many  of  your  Majesty's  forces,  which  are  laid  in  garrisons  in  small  troops  in 
divers  parts  bordering  on  his  country ;  yea,  and  overrun  all  your  English  Pale,  to  the  utter  ruin 
thereof;  yea,  and  camp  as  long  as  should  please  him  under  the  walls  of  Dublin,  for  any  strength 
your  Majesty  yet  hath  in  that  kingdom  to  remove  him.  These  things  being  considered,  and  how 
unwilling  he  is  to  be  otherwise  to  your  Majesty  than  he  ought,  let  him  be  somewhat  hearkened  unto, 
and  recovered  to  come  in  unto  your  Majesty,  to  impart  his  own  knowledge  to  your  Majesty,  how  far 
he  hath  offended  you  ;  and  besides  he  will,  if  it  so  stand  with  your  Majesty's  pleasure,  offer  himself 
to  the  marshal  (who  hath  been  the  chiefest  instrument  against  him),  to  prove  with  his  sword  that 
he  hath  most  wrongfully  accused  him.  And  because  it  is  no  conquest  for  him  to  overthrow  a  man 
ever  held  in  the  world  to  be  of  most  cowardly  behaviour,  he  will,  in  defence  of  his  innocency,  allow 
his  adversary  [Bagenall]  to  come  armed  against  him  naked,  to  encourage  him  the  rather  to  accept 
of  his  challenge."  O'Neill  offered,  in  hose  and  jerkin  only,  to  meet  Bagenall  armed  in  mail  from 
head  to  foot,  but  the  latter  shrunk  from  the  contest. 

In  the  earl's  petition  forwarded  three  months  afterwards  he  only  asked  as  conditions  of  peace — 
**  I.  The  Queen's  pardon  for  himself  and  all  the  inhabitants  of  Tyrone,  and  that  they  may  be  restored 
to  their  blood,  and  that  the  benefit  of  her  Majesty's  letters  patents  may  be  renewed  unto  him. 
2.  That  all  the  inhabitants  of  Tyrone  may  have  free  liberty  of  conscience  [i.e.,  the  privilege  o{~2 
religious  worship  according  to  their  own  forms].     3.  That  the  marshal  pay  him  the  1,000/.  sterling  ;2 
left  this  wife,  lately  deceased,  by  her  father  (68).     4.  That  no  garrison,  sheriff,  or  other  officer  may  - 
be  placed  in  Tyrone  for  a  time,  because  he  cannot  draw  the  inhabitants  thereof  as  yet  to  consents 
thereunto,  in  regard  of  the  bad  dealings  they  have  seen  used  by  like  officers  against  the  bordering^ 
neighbours.     5.  That  her  Majesty  restore  to  him  the  50  horsemen  he  formerly  had  in  her  pay.     6. . 
That  if  any  of  the  earl's  bordering  neighbours  do  commit  any  stealth  or  outrage  against  him,  or^ 
any  of  his,  he  may  have  redress." 

(68).  By  her  father. — Mabel  Bagenall  married  the  Earl  said  openly,  in  the  audience  of  the  countesse,  Hany 

of  Tyrone  in  1591,  and  died,  without  leaving  children,  McShane  O'Neill,  0'Chainne*s  son,  and  divers  othcts, 

in  1 596.     During  ber  married  life  sbe  often,  in  company  at  the  bowse  of  Castlerowe,  that  there  was  no  man  in 

with  her  husband,  visited  their  well-known  and  attractive  the  worlde  that  be  bated  so  much  as  the  Knight  MarshaL" 

residence  of  Castleroe,  on  the  western  bank  of  the  Bann,  [Sir  Henry  Bagenall].    (See  KUkenny  Jbttmal  of  Arrha- 

at  a  little  distance  southward  from  Coleraine.     In  a  <»/0>£k,  vol.  L,  new  series,  p.  308.)    The  feud  between  the 

declaration  by  one  Thadie  Nolan,  a  pursuivant,  on  the  earl  and  Bagenall  onlv  ended  with  the  fall  of  the  Utter 

13th  of  June,  1593,  there  is  the  following  curious  refer-  at  the  battle  of  the  Yellow  Ford;  bat  Mabel  had  died 

cnce  to  a  conversation  of  the  earl  and  countess  in  that  at  least  two  years  before  that  event 
place  in  the  year  now  named: — "Moreover,  he  [the earl] 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION.  55 

Sir  Hugh  Roe  (yDannell  wrote  to  Elizabeth  at  the  same  time,  in  the  following  terms  : — "  I 

confess  to  have  oflfended  your  Majesty  contrary  to  your  peace  and  laws,  which  I  cannot  justify, 

though  proceeding  not  of  any  malice  against  your  Majesty,  but  chiefly  from   the  bad  usage 

of  me  by  Sir  John  Perrott,  in  the  unlawful  apprehension  of  me,  with  many  other  abuses.     As 

this  has  been  my  first  offence,  extend  upon  me  and  mine   your  gracious  pardon.     Protesting 

hereafter  faithfully  to  serve  you,  I  do  renounce  to  join  with  any  foreign  prince  or  potentate." 

O'Donnell  only  asked  as  conditions  of  peace — "  i.  Pardon  for  himself  and  his  followers.     2.  Free 

W)eTty  of  conscience.     3.  That  all  the  castles,  manors,  and  lands  in  the  county  of  Sligo,  belonging 

to  his  family  may  be  continued  in  possession  of  the  O'Donnells,  all  which  lands  he  will  give 

t)onough  McCale  Oge  O'Connor,  upon  condition  that  he  yield  to  O'Donnell  such  services,  rights, 

*nd  duties  as  his  ancestors  have  given  out  of  the  same  to  all  O'DonnelFs  predecessors.     4.  That 

no  ganrisons,  wards,  or  officers  whatsoever  be  placed  in  Tyreconnell  or  Sligo  until  the  fear  they 

[the  inhabitants]  have  conceived  by  the  hard  dealing  of  such  officers  shall  be  somewhat  lessened ; 

hut  that  it  will  please  her  Majesty  to  appoint  commissioners  for  the  ending  of  all  controversies  that 

sfcdl  arise,  whose  orders  we  will  put  in  execution.     5.  A  remittal  of  all  arrearages  past,  and  a  year's 

fi^dom  yet  to  come,  in  regard  of  the  several  great  sums  that  his  father  paid  as  well  to  the  Earl  of 

Tyrone  and  Sir  Edward  Moore,  knight,  as  to  others  sent  from  the  State  to  receive  the  same  for  her 

^^ajesty's  use." 

Sir  Hugh  Maguire  "  protests  that  his  disloyalty  proceeded  not  from  any  conspiracy  with  any 

domestic  or  foreign  enemy,  or  of  malice  towards  her  Majesty,  but  through  hard  usages,  yet  he 

^^^^ves  pardon  for  himself  and  his  country,     i.  *  He  will  yield  the  usual  rents  and  services.     2.  He 

^^'^ves  that  himself  and  all  the  inhabitants  of  his  country  may  have  free  liberty  of  conscience.     3. 

**^3t  no  garrison  may  be  placed  in  Fermanagh,  but  that  for  the  government  thereof  the  like  course 

'^^^^y  be  taken  as  shall  be  for  McMahon's  country  or  other  parts  of  the  Irishry.' " 

Shafu  M^Brian  CNeilPs  conditions  (which  did  not  even  include  the  restoration  of  Island- 

""^^^ee  and  Magheramome)  were — "  i.  Pardon  for  himself,  his  country,  and  followers.     2.  That 

^U  may  have  free  liberty  of  conscience.     3.  That  no  garrison  be  placed  in  his  country.     4.  That 

*^^  will  yield  her  Majesty  such  rents  and  services  as  his  predecessors  did.     5.  He  claims  a  year's 

^niittal  of  rent,  in  respect  of  the  waste  of  his  country." 

Brian  M^Hugh  Oge  and  Ever  M^Collo  Macmahon  protest  that  their  disloyalty  proceeded 

^^irough  their  hard  usages,  and  their  conditions  of  surrender  and  peace  are — "  i.  Pardon  for 

themselves,  their  people,  and  goods,  with  all  lands  spiritual  and  temporal  within  MacMahon's 

country.    They  will  yearly  pay  100  good  beoves,  or  in  lieu  of  every  beofe  20s,  sterling,  and  rising 

o^t  as  formerly.     2.  In  respect  of  the  waste  of  the  country  by  reason  of  wars,  they  crave  one  year 

^thout  rent ;  and  liberty  of  conscience  for  themselves  and  the  inhabitants  of  their  countrys.     3. 

T^^y  desire  they  may  be  no  longer  charged  or  governed  by  seneschals,  sheriffs,  or  garrisons,  until 

their  fear  be  lessened,  but  that  commissioners  may  be  appointed  for  all  controversies  (69)."    See 

Cakndar  of  Carew  MSS,,  third  series,  pp.  125,  151-158. 

{^)*  Controversies, — The  following  was  Captain  Lee's      the  county  of  Monaghan,  called  Macmahon's  country, 
opuuon  as  to  what  should  be  done  in  Monaghan  : — "  For      in  respect  of  the  great  dislike  which  the  Irishry  have  to 


56 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


These  foregoing  requests  or  conditions  were  surely  very  moderate  under  the  circumstances ; 
and,  one  would  suppose,  they  might  have  been  easily  granted  by  a  Queen  to  her  outraged  subjects, 
if  for  no  other  motive  than  to  have  a  few  years'  peace  before  the  actual  close  of  her  own  earthly 
career.  But  not  so ;  she  considered  she  had  done  enough,  in  the  meantime,  by  the  withdrawal  of 
Fitzwilliam,  although  her  conscience  told  her  that  much  more  should  be  done.  Writing  to  Russell, 
Fitzwilliam's  successor,  in  May,  1596,  she  gives  words  to  her  perplexity  and  repentance,  thus: — 
"  Considering  the  monstrous  accusations  brought  against  our  ministers  that  have  lived  amongst 
these  people,  we  cannot  turn  our  faces  against  their  complaints.  We  have  determined  on  a  course 
of  pacification,  and  shall  hold  it  a  weakness  in  you,  if  you  require  to  be  daily  directed  in  all 
particulars,  especially  as  your  advices  are  bare  and  barren.''  But,  for  all  that,  the  Queen  would  zjod 
must  carry  out  two  measures  which  did  more  to  rouse  up  disloyalty  and  rebellion  than  all  other 
causes  together.  She  insisted  on  continuing  to  demoralise  and  oppress  the  people  by  placing 
garrisons  in  great  numbers  amongst  them ;  and  also  to  prohibit  them  from  the  free  exercise  of  their 
religious  worship,  according  to  the  rites  and  ceremonies  required  by  their  own  Church.  So,  not 
being  prepared  to  atone  properly  for  the  oppressions  perpetrated  in  her  name,  the  'good 
Queen  Bess'  permitted  this  unhappy  country  to  drift  into  another  bloody  war  of  seven  years' 
duration,  during  which  her  poor  Irish  subjects  fought  gallantly  for  their  *  liberty  of  conscience.' 
In  the  progress  of  this  struggle,  the  natives  of  Ulster  gained  several  victories  over  Elizabeth's  best 
generals  and  choicest  troops,  defeating  Sir  John  Norris  at  Clontibret,  Bagenall  at  the  great  battle  of 
the  Blackwater,  and  Clifford  in  the  passes  of  the  Curlew  mountains,  not  to  mention  other  smaller 
successes.  But  the  English  succeeded,  principally  by  playing  off  one  of  a  family  or  sept  against 
another,  and  holding  out  bright  prospects  to  their  Irish  adherents,  which  were  soon  to  be  clouded. 
The  war  was  drawing  to  a  close  just  as  the  Queen's  life  was  closing  also,  and  when  she  understood 
that  the  exigencies  of  the  time  would  compel  her  to  accept  Tyrone's  submission,  the  unpalatable 
news,  it  was  said,  operated  as  much,  even  as  the  death  of  Essex,  to  bring  upon  her  that  uttei — 
dejection  of  which  she  died,  or  which  immediately  preceded  her  death.  Sir  Robert  Naunton,  wha» 
knew  her  well,  referring  to  her  last  days,  says  : — "  And  this  also  I  present  as  a  knowne  observation^ 
that  she  was,  though  very  capable  of  counsell,  absolute  enough  in  her  owne  resolution,  which  was 
ever  apparent  even  to  the  last ;  and  in  that  of  her  still  aversion  to  grant  Tyrone  the  least  drop  of 
her  mercy,  though  earnestly  and  frequently  advised  thereto,  yea,  wrought  onely  by  her  owne 
counsell  of  State,  with  very  many  reasons,  and,  as  the  state  of  her  kingdom  then  stood,  I  may  speak 
it  with  assurance,  necessitated  arguments.  .  .  .  The  Irish  action  we  may  call  a  mallady,  a 
consumption  of  her  times,  for  it  accompanied  her  to  the  end  ;  and  it  was  of  so  profuse  and  vast 


the  new  seneschal  there  [Henshawe],  it  may  please  your 
Majesty  to  let  him  be  removed,  and  in  his  place  (for  that 
it  is  next  to  the  Earl  of  Tyrone's  county,  and  the  chief 
place  of  the  earKs  abode)  that  Sir  George  Bouchier  may 
be  sent  thither  as  seneschal,  because  of  tne  companies  of 
horse  and  foot  which  are  under  his  charge,  and  for  that 
he  is  a  gentleman  of  good  worth,  who  will  with  some 
good  show  live  in  the  place,  which  will  be  a  good  com- 
lort  to  the  earl  to  have  such  a  neighbour ;  and  to  assist 


Sir  Geom  in  that  service  to  send  Sir  Henry  Duke  a» 
sheriff  of  that  country,  to  be  placed  in  the  abbey  oC 
Clones  (which  is  your  Majesty's,  and  himself  your  fimiier 
there)  with  his  own  company  of  light  foot,  and  a  fattid 
of  100  foot  more  to  be  there  in  garrison.'*  The  abbey 
of  Clones  was  afterwards  let  to  Sir  Francis  Rush,  bvt 
ultimately  restored  to  the  Irish  proprietor,  Sir  BriaD 
McHugh  Oge  Macmahon. 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION.  57 

expence  that  it  drew  neare  unto  a  distemperature  of  State,  and  of  passion  in  herselfe ;  for  towards 

her  last,  she  grew  somewhat  hard  to  please  with  her  armies,  being  accustomed  to  prosperity,  and 

the  Irish  prosecution  not  answering  her  expectation,  and  her  wonted  success ;  for  it  was  a  good 

while  an  unthrifty  and  inauspicious  war,  which  did  much  disturb  and  mislead  her  judgment ;  and 

the  more,  for  that  it  was  a  precedent  taken  out  of  her  owne  patteme.     For,  as  the  Queene,  by  way 

of  division,  had,  at  her  coming  to  the  crowne,  supported  the  revolted  states  of  Holland,  so  did  the 

King  of  Spaine  tume  the  tricke  upon  herselfe  towards  her  going  out  [dying],  by  cherishing  the  Irish 

rebellion."     (See  Lord  Somer's  Tracts^  vol.  i,  p.  254.)     After  the  long  struggle,  however,  which  cost 

Ae  Queen  so  dearly,  and  desolated  so  much  of  this  country,  especially  its  northern  province,  Tyrone 

and  the  other  Ulster  leaders  were  restored  to  their  estates,  at  least  ostensibly,  and  almost  on  the 

same  tenns  they  had  held  them  previously  to  the  war. 

But  it  was  too  late.     All  the  English  servitors  in  Ireland,  civilians  and  soldiers,  had  laboured  and 

fought  throughout  the  seven  years'  war  against  O'Neill  under  the  impression  that  his  lands  were  to 

be  at  last  divided  amongst  them.     Words  could  hardly,  therefore,  express  their  dismay  and  disgust 

when  it  was  known  that  O'Neill  had  been  received  by  the  new  king,  James  I.,  at  Hampton  Court, 

and  that  re-grants  were  about  to  be  made  to  the  Ulster  leaders  of  nearly  all  their  patrimonial 

estates.    The  sentiments,  indeed,  of  the  whole  servitor  class  in  reference  to  this  affair  may  be 

imagined  from  the  wotds  of  Sir  John  Harrington,  whose  prospects  had  evidently  suffered  a  serious 

—although  as  it  happened — only  a  temporary  eclipse.     "  I  have  lived,"  says  he,  "  to  see  that 

danmable  rebel  Tyrone  brought  to  England,  honoured,  and  well  liked.     Oh,  what  is  there  that 

4oes  not  prove  inconstancy  in  worldly  matters  !    How  I  did  labour  after  that  knave's  destruction  ! 

I  adventured  perils  by  sea  and  land,  was  near  starving,  eat  horse  flesh  in  Munster,  and  all  to  quell 

that  man,  who  now  smileth  in  peace  at  those  who  did  hazard  their  Hves  to  destroy  him  ;  and  now 

doth  Tyrone  dare  us  old  commanders  with  his  presence  and  protection."     It  was  felt  deeply 

throughout  the  ranks  of  these  disappointed  gentlemen  that,  whilst  the  captains,  who  had  rooted  out 

^^  great  Desmond  family  in  Munster,  were  then  quietly  enjoying  their  victims'  lands,  the  equally 

"not more  valiant  captains  who  had  defeated  the  O'Neills,  should  be  excluded,  if  only  for  a  time, 

from  the  glens,  and  straths,  and  green  fields  of  Ulster. 

But  there  was  consolation  in  store,  not  only  for  the  servitors  in  Ireland,  but  for  many  English 

^a  Scottish  speculators  who  had  been  wistfully  indulging  plantation  designs  on  this  province.    For, 

^^  soon  after  the  formal  pardon  of  O'Neill,  O'Donnell,  and  other  Ulster  lords.  Sir  Arthur 

Chichester  was  appointed  deputy  of  Ireland,   and   this  appointment  at  once   rendered   their 

restoration  a  merely  nominal  affair.     Chichester,  who  was  himself  a  servitor,  fh^t  in  a  military  and 

afterwards  in  a  civil  capacity,  sympathised  very  sincerely  in  servitors'  hopes  and  disappointments. 

Kc  was  known  to  be  an  able  and  unscrupulous  advocate  for  the  rooting  out  of  the  native 

population  of  Ulster  by  the  introduction  of  English  and  Scottish  settlers.     His  appointment, 

therefore,  at  that  crisis,  was  hailed  by  the  servitors  and  speculators  generally  as  an  act  of  rare 

poh'tical  sagacity.     His  ability  and  zeal  were  admitted  on  all  hands,  by  enemies  as  well  as  friends. 

He  was  surroimded,  it  is  true,  by  a  very  able  band  of  assistants,  whose  Ulster-loving  instincts  must 

H 


58  THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER, 

have  been  born  with  them ;  but  to  himself  more  than  to  any,  or  to  all  of  them  together,  must  be 
ascribed  that  vigorous  plantation  movement  throughout  this  province,  of  which  we  shall  liave  to 
S|>eak  in  detail.  '*  If  my  poor  endeavours,"  says  he,  when  writing  to  the  king,  "  may  give  any  help 
and  furtherance  to  so  glorious  and  worthy  a  design,  besides  my  duty  and  obedience  to  your 
Majesty,  my  heart  is  so  well  affected  unto  it,  that  I  had  rather  labour  with  my  hands  in  the 
plantation  of  Ulster,  than  dance  or  play  in  that  of  Virginia."  This  announcement  of  his  loyalty 
and  patriotism  was  made  in  the  autumn  of  1610,  and  just  after  he  had  received  royal  grants  of  very 
extensive  lands — hundreds  of  thousands  of  acres — that  had  belonged  to  O'Neills  and  O'DoghertysL 
He  was  perfectly  sincere,  therefore,  in  his  preference  of  Ulster  to  Virginia,  or  indeed  to  any  other 
region  in  the  world  besides. 

No  sooner  had  Chichester  mounted  the  vice-regal  chair  than  his  revolutionary  policy  in  Ulster 
began  to  produce  its  natural  fruits.  He  was  not  long  in  teaching  the  natives  that  although  they 
had  laid  down  their  arms  and  were  formally  taken  under  the  protection  of  law,  there  still  existed  a 
grand  controversy  between  them  and  their  subjugators,  which  would  be  fought  to  the  bitter  end,  if 
not  on  the  tented  field,  at  least  in  the  courts  of  law.  The  Ulster  leaders  had  been  restored,  no 
doubt,  to  their  estates,  but  their  patents  had  hardly  been  made  out  and  presented  to  them  when 
'  discoverers'  were  able  to  find  fatal  flaws  therein,  and  State  lawyers  were  employed  to  strip  them 
of  all  but  the  merest  shreds  of  their  ancestral  properties.  Immense  sweeps  of  their  estates 
also  were  claimed  by  the  protestant  bishops  as  termon  and  herenagh  lands,  from  which  the  Ulster  lords 
paid  the  preceding  bishops  small  chiefries,  but  which  lands  the  protestant  bishops  claimed  in  demesne, 
and  had  their  claim  eventually  allowed.  In  addition  to  these  dire  discouragements,  all  their  (the  Irish 
leaders')  movements  were  watched,  and  any  unguarded  words,  spoken  at  times  of  provocation,  were 
reported  in  glowing  colours  to  the  authorities  in  Dublin.  In  the  short  interval  between  the 
restoration  of  the  northern  earls  and  their  flight,  Chichester  himself  publicly  insulted  the  youthful 
Earl  of  Tyrconnell  on  at  least  two  occasions,  and  even  permitted  Davys,  the  attorney-general,  to 
insult  the  old  Earl  of  Tyrone  before  the  council-table.  The  indignities  and  litigations  to  which 
these  northern  earls  were  exposed  must  have  rendered  them  more  or  less  discontented ;  and  if  they 
were  not  the  conspirators  they  are  said  to  have  been,  it  was  not,  truly,  from  lack  of  sufficient 
provocation  on  the  part  of  their  enemies.  It  was  reported  in  Ulster,  however,  on  what  appeared 
to  be  the  best  authority,  that  the  government  intended  to  seize  the  Earl  of  Tyrconnell  in  Dublin, 
when  passing  to  see  his  wife  at  Maynooth ;  and  to  seize  the  Earl  of  Tyrone  in  London,  which  he 
was  about  to  visit,  for  the  purpose  of  having  a  dispute  with  O'Cahan  settled  in  presence  of  the  King ; 
but  before  these  contemplated  seizures  could  be  made,  the  two  earls,  with  several  of  their  connexions 
and  friends,  had  sailed  away  from  Lough  Swilly,  on  the  3rd  of  September,  1607,  never  to  return. 

These  unhappy  fugitives  were  not  charged  with  conspiracy  until  after  their  flight,  and  even 
then  only  on  the  evidence  of  two  men,  St  Lawrence  and  Nugent  (Lords  Howth  and  Delvin),  whom 
the  authorities  in  London  and  Dublin  did  not  believe,  and  whose  corrupt  motives  in  telling  their 
several  stories  were  sufficiently  apparent  It  is  remarkable,  indeed,  that  although  Tyrone  might 
reasonably  be  supposed  to  take  the  central  place  in  any  such  conspiracy,  had  it  really  existed,  there 


ULSTER  BEFORE  THE  PLANTATION.  59 

no  charge  of  jnevious  combination  made  against  him  either  before  or  after  the  "  flight"  They  fled 
amply  from  fearofairest,  and  because  their  seizure  might  have  been  followed  either  by  execution  or  a 
Ufe-tong  imprisonment  in  the  Tower  of  London.  Because  they  had  escaped  without  the  deputy's  know- 
ledge or  permission,  and  had  taken  lefiige  among  friends  on  the  continent  supposed  to  be  hostile,  as  a 
matter  of  course  to  the  policy  of  England,  they  were  denounced  as  traitors,  and  their  lands 
confiscated.  But  although  Davys  was  able  to  indict  them  at  liSbrd  amd  Strabane,  so  as  to  obtain 
a  decree  of  outlawry,  not  a  particle  of  the  evidence  by  which  that  indictment  was  sustained  can  be 
found  among  the  State  papers.  A  copy  of  the  indictment  itself  now  re-ajqiears,  but  only  because 
it  had  been  secretly,  and  against  rule,  sent  by  Davys  for  Salisbury's  private  perusal !  By  their 
outlawry  all  theii  estates  escheated  to  the  crown,  and  were  soon  made  available  for  plantation 
purposes.  These  estates  comprised  all  the  temporal  lands  in  the  county  of  Tyrone,  including  the 
barony  of  LoughinshoUln ;  all  in  the  county  of  Armagh,  excepting  the  barony  of  Orior ;  all  in  the 
county  of  Don^^  excepting  the  barony  of  Inishowen ;  and  more  than  the  half  of  the  county 
Fermanagh,  for  Cuconnagbt  Maguire  who  ovimed  this  territory  had  gone  into  voluntary  exile  with  the 
earls.     Certain  other  great  fragments  of  Ulster  were  soon  to  be  added  to  the  field  for  plantation. 


[6o] 


Chapter  IL — ^The  Orders  and  Conditions  of  Plantation. 

I. 
I  HE  broad  lands,  thus  quietly  abandoned  to  the  planters  by  the  flight  of  the  northern  earls, 
were  soon  to  receive  vast  additions,  as  mentioned  at  the  close  of  the  preceding  chapter. 
These  additions  included  Cavan,  the  'country*  of  the  O'Reillys;  Fermanagh,  the  'countr}-* 
of  the  Maguires  ;  Coleraine,  the  'country'  of  the  O'Cahans  ;  the  barony  of  Inishowen, 
which  had  belonged  to  Sir  Cahir  O'Dogherty ;  the  estates  of  Sir  Niall  Garve  O'Donnell,  stretching 
from  Liffbrd  westward  along  the  two  banks  of  the  Finn,  and  including  the  beautiful  Lough  Esk ;  the 
territory  of  Clogher,  which  belonged  to  Sir  Cormac  O'Neill,  the  Earl  of  Tyrone's  brother ;  and  last 
though  not  least  in  fertility  or  picturesque  beauty,  the  'country*  of  Orior,  reaching  from  Armagh  to 
the  vicinity  of  Dundalk,  and  owned  by  the  gallant  old  Sir  Oghie  O'Hanlon. 

How  had  all  these  magnificent  sweeps  of  Ulster  territory  become  available  for  plantation 
purposes,  so  soon  after  the  departure  of  the  fugitives  from  Lough  Swilly?    The  answer  is  not 
difficult,  nor  need  it  be  lengthened,     i.  Sir  John  O'Reilly  had  been  induced  to  surrender  his 
'country,'  and  to  take  out  a  grant  of  it  from  the  crown  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  who  created 
him  a  knight   The  lands  of  Cavan,  by  the  Celtic  law,  strictly  belonged  to  the  whole  clan,  of  whom 
Sir  John  O'Reilly  had  only  been  the  elected  trustee  ;  but  the  grant,  on  feudal  terms  from  the  erown, 
constituted  him  the  owner  in  demesne, — the  interest  being  thus  drawn  to  and  centred  in  him- 
self; so  that,  according  to  English  law,  should  he  become  a  traitor,  the  clansmen  had  no  longer  any 
right  in  the  lands,  and  were  to  be  regarded  from  that  moment  as  simply  intruders  thereon.     Sir  John^ 
as  a  matter  of  course,  joined  the  Earl  of  T)Toneand  other  Ulster  lords  in  1595,  but  died  soon  after- 
wards.    He  was  succeeded  by  his  brother,  and,  on  the  death  of  the  latter,  an  uncle  became  th^ 
representative  of  the  clan.     Both  these  leaders  were  slain  in  the  progress  of  the  war.     Sir  John 
O'Reilly,  however,  left  a  son  named  Mulmorie,  who  took  his  stand  on  the  side  of  the  government, 
and  vr^  slain  at  the  battle  of  the  Yellow  ^ord,  leaving  a  son  also  named  Mulmorie,  who  was  a  mere 
youth,  at   the  time  of  the  plantation.     But  Sir  John  himself,   and  his  brother  and  uncle  udio 
succeeded,  all  died  during  the  war,  and  accordingly  the  lands  vested  in  the  crown  without  even  the 
necessity  of  investigation — the  fact  of  their  having  died  whilst  in  rebellion  being  enough  to  justify 
the  confiscation  of  their  estates  without  further  delay.     The  youthful  Mulmorie  O'Reilly,  whose 
father  had  died  fighting  on  the  side  of  the  English  at  the   Blackwater,  and  whose  mother  was  a 
niece  of  the  Duke  of  Ormonde,  presented  a  very  considerable  difficulty  for  a  time  to  Chichester's 
arrangements  ;  but  the  scruples  thus  occasioned  soon  gave  way  under  the  plantation  pressure,  and 
young  O'Reilly  was  obliged  to  accept  a  'proportion'  of  his  own  lands,  like  any  other  English  or 
Scottish  undertaker. 

2.  Sir  Hugh  Maguire,  the  chief  lord  of  Fermanagh,  was  a  son-in-law  of  the  Earl  of  Tyrone,  and 
joined  the  latter  in  1595.     He  was  slain  during  the  progress  of  the  war,  and  his  whole  estates  were 


THE  ORDERS  AND  CONDITIONS  OF  PLANTATION.  6 1 

granted  to  his  cousin,  Connor  Roe  Maguire,  who  had  taken  the  side  of  the  government.     But  this 
arrangement  was  afterwards  considered  unjustifiable  in  some  respects,  and  soon  after  the  accession 
of  James  I.  the  county  of  Fermanagh  was  divided  almost  into  two  equal  parts  between  Connor  Roe 
and  his  cousin,  Cuconnaght  Maguire,  the  latter,  as  the  brother  and  representative  of  Sir  Hugh,  con- 
sidering himself  rightfully  entitled  to  all  the  family  estates.     He  was,  in  fact,  so  dissatisfied  with  this 
division  of  his  lands  that  he  went  with  the  earls  into  exile,  and  died  soon  afterwards  at  Genoa, 
Connor  Roe,  according  to  the  arrangement  above-mentioned,  had  three  baronies,  which  Chichestey 
represented  as  over-much ;  he  was  induced,  therefore,  to  surrender  his  grant,  and  to  accept  one 
barony,  which  the  king  promised  he  should  certainly  have.      But,  even  with  this  modification 
Chichester  was  not  satisfied,  and  the  matter  ended  in  Connor  Roe  having  to  accept  a  small  portion 
of  what  he  regarded  as  his  own,  and  on  the  same  terms  as  the  other  undertakers. 

3.  Sir  Donnell  Ballagh  O'Cahan,  another  son-in-law  of  the  Earl  of  Tyrone,  also  espoused  the 
quarrel  of  the  latter  in  1595,  and  was  his  most  efficient  ally  for  a  time.  But  soon  after  Sir  Henry 
Docwra  landed  at  Derry,  in  the  spring  of  the  year  1600,  O'Cahan  surrendered  to  the  government, 

and  united  his  forces  with  those  of  Docwra,  on  condition  that  he  should  have  a  grant  from  the 
trovra  of  the  lands  which  his  family  had  hitherto  held  under  the  O'Neills.  This  condition, 
witH  one  or  two  reservations,  was  gladly  accepted  by  the  crown,  and  O'Cahan  was  granted  a  cus- 
todiam  of  his  'country'  until  the  regular  grant  could  be  made  out  But,  after  O'Cahan  had  most 
efficiently  assisted  the  government  in  defeating  O'Neill  on  the  field,  and  afterwards  in  worr>'ing  him 
at  the  council  table  and  in  the  courts  of  law,  he  could  not  get  his  grant  as  promised.  His  lands  had 
tjcoome  much  more,  acceptable  than  any  services  he  could  then  possibly  render;  and,  indeed,  it 
canie  out  at  last  that  he,  and  all  the  O'Cahans  together,  were  simply  intruders  on  their  own  lands,  from 
te  date  of  the  act  known  as  the  i  ith  of  Elizabeth,  which  had  never  been  repealed,  and  which  vested 
*^  the  crown  the  estates  of  Shane  O'Neill,  and  of  all  such  Ulster  lords  as  had  joined  in  his  rebellion 
^S^inst  the  state, — although  the  government,  on  making  peace  with  Shane  previously,  had  put  all 
the  Ulster  luiaghts  or  sub-chiefs  again  under  his  sway.  Sir  Donnell  O'Cahan,  under  these  circum- 
^^^^ces,  naturally  enough  became  sulky,  and  even  perhaps  rebelliously  disposed.  At  all  events, 
Chichester  had  him  seized  when  he  went  to  Dublin,  in  1609,  to  complain  of  his  grievances ;  and 
*^*^ii  afterwards,  he  was  sent  to  the  Tower  in  London,  where  he  was  doomed  to  suffer  a  life-long 

• 

'^piisomnent,  being  finally  released  by  death  in  the  year  1628. 

4.  Sir  Cahir  O'Dogherty,  the  youngest  of  these  Ulster  knights,  had  probably  the  happiest  fate, 

^though  apparently  the  most  cruel  at  the  time  of  its  occurrence.      On  the  death  of  his  father,  Sir 

J^Hn  O'Dogherty,  the  clan  elected  Felim,  the  younger  brother  of  the  latter,  to  succeed  him,  which 

*^  Enraged  Sir  Cahir's  foster-brethren,  the  MacDavitts,  that  they  agreed  with  Sir  Henry  Docwra,  in 

'^t,  to  desert  their  own  standards,  and  join  the  government  on  condition  that  Sir  Cahir  might 

"^^  a  grant  of  his  father's  estates  fi-om  the  crown.     This  offer  was  gladly  accepted  by  Sir  Henry 

*^^H:wra,  on  the  part  of  the  government,  and  the  matter  was  to  be  certainly  arranged  at  the  close  of 

^c  war  with  O'Neill  and  O'DonnelL     But  it  soon  afterwards  appeared  that  the  best  portion  of 

^t  whole  barony  of  Inishowen,  namely,  the  island  of  Inch,  with  its  valuable  fishings,   had 


62  THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER* 

been  granted  to  Sir  Ralph  Bingley.     Although  Docwra  did  his  best  to  have  his  engagement  to 
Sir  Cahir  made  good,  he  failed  in  doing  so,  from  the  amount  of  powerful  opposition  against  him. 
O'Dogherty  naturally  became  discontented  ;  and,  in  the  meantime,  Docwra  felt  so  indignant,  on 
account  of  certain  treatment  received  from  the  government  by  himself,  that  he  sold  out  his  piopcrty 
in  and  around  Derry  to  an  Englishman  named  Pawlett,  who  was  wholly  unfitted  (even  according  to 
the  expressed  opinion  of  Chichester  himself),  both  from  his  arrogance  and  inexperience,  for  the 
duties  of  deputy-governor  of  Deny,  which  he  required  to  discharge  in  Sir  Henry  Docwra's  absence. 
Sir  Cahir  O'Dogherty,  having  lost  his  fishings,  which  were  then  the  readiest  and  most  valuable 
sources  of  revenue  on  his  estates,  was  compelled  to  sell  certain  lands  to  Sir  Richard  Hansard ;  and, 
for  this  purpose,  he  required  to  visit  Derry,  and  even  to  enter  Pawlett's  office,  to  await  the  anival 
of  the  purchaser,  and  of  Captain  Hart,  who  was  to  witness  the  sale.     Whilst  there,  an  altercation 
arose  between  himself  and  Pawlett,  during  which  the  latter  brutally  struck  him  with  his  clenched  fist 
in  the  face  !    O'Dogherty  not  wishing,  perhaps,  to  try  conclusions  with  Pawlett  in  the  same  vulgar 
style,  or  afraid  lest  the  official  bully  might  summon  other  equally  unscrupulous  parties  to  his  aid, 
rushed  from  the  office,  and,  unfortunately,  before  his  rage  had  time  to  cool,  met  his  two  foster- 
brothers,  the  MacDavittSy  in  the  street     On  hearing  the  cause  of  his  excitement,  they  replied,  in 
furious  terms,  that  there  was  only  one  way  of  meeting  such  an  insult,  pledging  themselves  that  they 
would  be  ready  to  march  on  Derry  at  the  head  of  all  the  fighting  men  of  the  clan  at  a  given  hour  I 
They  but  too  faithfully  kept  to  their  determination,  slaying  Pawlett,  sacking  Derry,  and  summoninig 
sympathisers  far  and  near  to  arise  and  avenge  their  wrongs.     The  revolt  attracted  many  Irish, 
especially  from  the  county  of  Armagh ;  and  its  suppression  required  the  services  of  picked  troops^ 
under  the  command  of  the  best  officers,  including  such  men  as  Lambert  and  Wingfield.     The 
struggle  lasted  only  about  three  months,  commencing^early  in  the  May  of  1608,  and  going  on  to  the 
5th  of  July— on  which  day  O'Dogherty  was  slain  whilst  skirmishing  at  a  place  called  Duinn,  or  Doone^ 
in  Killmacrenan.     The  king  had,  previously  to  the  commencement  of  the  revolt,  written  a  very* 
decided  letter  to  Chichester,  requiring  that  Sir  Cahir  should  receive  an  immediate  grant  of  all  hiir 
£unily  estates,  including  the  island  of  Inch  with  its  fishing.     There  was  ample  time  to  have  com> 
municated  the  contents  of  this  letter  to  Sir  Cahir,  and  thus  to  have  prevented  the  revolt ;  but, 
imfortunately,  the  letter  was  entrusted  to  one  of  Chichester's  servants  in  London,  and,  perhaps^  did 
not  reach  the  deputy  until  after  O'Dogherty  had  taken  the  field.     At  all  events,  0'Doghert)''s  body 
had  hardly  time  to  blacken  in  the  sun  on  the  spikes  where  its  severed  fragments  were  exposed,  • 
when  Chichester's  application  for  the  barony  of  Inishowen  reached  the  council  in  London  through 
this  same  servant,  John  Strowd,  and  another  named  Francis  Annesley.     Although  there  were  other 
and  powerful  applicants  for  Inishowen,  the  deputy  outstripped  or  out-manoeuvred  them  all,  and 
secured  the  whole  large  spoil  tO||himself. 

5.  Sir  Niall  Garve  O'Donnell  represented  the  main  family  of  the  Clann-Dalaigh,  and  he  kept 
*'  nursing  his  wrath**  because  his  cousin,  Hugh  Roe  O'Donnell,  was  elected  by  the  clan  as  its  diief 
and  representative.  On  the  landing  of  the  English  at  Derry  under  the  command  of  Sir  Henry 
Docwia,  Sir  Niall  Garve  offered  to  join  the  latter  with  one  thousand  diosen  men,  on  condition 


THE   ORDERS   AND   CONDITIONS    OF    PLANTATION.  63 

that  the  government,  if  successful  in  defeating  the  Earl  of  Tyrone  and  Hugh  Roe  O'Donnell,  would 

restore  him  (Niall  Garve)  to  the  headship  of  the  clan  by  giving  him  a  grant  of  all  TyrconnelL     To 

this  proposal  the  government,  through  Sir  Henry  Docwra,  most  willingly  acceded,  Docwra  afterwards 

admitting  that  Sir  Niall's  assistance  had  been  most  im^xTrtant — indeed  indispensable.     When  the 

war  closed,  however,  the  government  thinking  Sir  Niall  arrogant  and  unmanageable,  adopted  Hugh 

Roe's  younger  brother,  Rory  O'Donnell,  conferring  the  estates  on  him,  and  creating  him  Earl  of 

TyrconnelL     Sir  Niall  retired  to  his  own  lands  on  the  banks  of  the  Finn  ;  but  on  the  flight  of  his^ 

Hval  with  O'Neill,  he  (Sir  Niall)  came  forward  again  to  press  upon  the  government  the  fulfilment 

of  the  original  promise  made  to  him  through  Sir  Henry  Docwra.     The  government,  through 

Cluchester,  parleyed  with  him,  pretending  to  accede  to  his  demands  from  a  fear  that  he  might  join 

O'Dogherty.     He  did  actually,  and,  as  he  supposed,  secretly,  join  O'Dogherty ;  but  on  the  collapse 

of  the  revolt.  Sir  Niall  was  seized  and  tried  for  his  life.     The  government,  however,  could  not  get 

a  jury  to  convict  him ;  so  he  was  sent  to  the  Tower,  with  Sir  Donnell  O'Cahan,  under  the  chaige 

of  Francis  Annesley.     He  was  there  doomed  to  a  life-long  imprisonment,  and  died  about  the 

yexr  1626. 

6.  Sir  Cormac  O'Neill,  unfortunately  for  himself,  was  mentioned  as  a  remainder  man  in  the 

will  of  his  brother,  the  Earl  of  Tyrone.     At  the  time  of  the  hitter's  flight  from  Ulster,  Cormac  had 

met  him  at  Dunnalong  the  evening  before  the  earl  sailed  from  Lough  Swilly,  and  the  brothers 

spent  the  night  together  in  the  old  castle  of  the  0*Neills  at  Newtownstewart      There  is  no  doubt 

some  arrangement  had  been  come  to  between  them  by  which  Cormac,  if  possible,  was  to  obtain  a 

custodiam  from  the  government  of  Tyrone's  estates"  and  thus  have  the  power  to  hold  them  until 

ihe  latter  could  return  in  more  peaceful  times.     Cormac  pretended  to  disapprove  highly  of  the 

earVs  proceedings  generally,  and  of  his  departure  without  the  knowledge  and  sanction  of  the 

go\'emment  in  particular.     He  (Cormac)  was  one  of  the  first  to  inform  Chichester  of  his  brother's 

flight,  having  travelled  to  Dublin  with  all  haste  to  communicate  the  intelligence.     At  his  first 

interview  with  the  deputy  he  introduced  the  matter  of  the  custodiam,  endeavouring  to  obtain  it  as 

tf  for  himself,  and  promising,  in  return,  his  best  services  to  discover  the  motives  of  the  flight,  and 

^e  destination  of  the  fugitives  on  the  continent.     The  authorities  appear  to  have  seen  through  his 

motives  at  a  glance,  and  they  acted  accordingly.     As  an  important  preliminary,  they  seized  him, 

^^  shut  him  up  in  a  dungeon  of  the  castle,  Davys  at  the  same  time  writing  facetiously  to  Salisbury, 

that  Sir  Cormac  wanted  a  custodiam  of  the  O'Neill  estates,  but  that  they  (the  authorities)  had  taken 

a  custodiam  of  him  !    Chichester,  however,  writing  to  the  council  in  London,  took  care  to  describe 

for  their  edification  the  serious  aspect  of  the  affair — ^which  simply  was,  that  Sir  Cormac  O'Neill  was 

to  be  carefully  looked  after,  being  a  remainder  man  in  Tyrone's  will,  and  the  only  heir  to  the 

O'Neill  estates,  except  Tyrone's  little  son  of  six  years  old,  who  was  fostering  somewhere  in  Tyrone, 

stnd  whom  the  parents  could  not  find,  in  time,  to  take  with  them  in  their  flght     But  the  deputy 

soon  found  him  also,  placing  him  under  the  immediate  care  of  Sir  Toby  Caulfield,  and  paying  the 

latter  for  the  child's  board  and  lodging  from  certain  household  effects  left  by  the  child's  mother, 

the  Countess  Catharina  O'Neill     Sir  Cormac  O'Neill  was  taken  from  his  wife  and  family  and  sent 


64  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

to  the  Tower,  where  he  also  was  doomed  to  imprisonment  for  life.  The  earl's  little  son,  named 
Con,  began  soon  to  be  a  source  of  uneasiness  to  the  authorities,  who  had  reason  to  fear  that  the 
Irish  of  Ulster  were  contemplating  his  rescue ;  so  he,  too,  was  sent  to  the  Tower,  where  he  pined 
many  years,  and  probably  therein  found  an  early  grave,  as  no  trace  of  him  afterwards,  so  far  as  w€ 
are  aware,  has  been  found  in  any  State  paper  relating  to  Ulster.  We  shall  hear  of  him  again^ 
however,  in  1615,  and  previously  to  his  being  sent  for  a  time  to  Eton,  from  which  he  was  very  soon 
removed  to  the  Tower. 

7.  Sir  Oghie  O'Hanlon  was  very  old  and  infirm  at  the  time  of  the  plantation,  and,  therefore, 
more  easily  set  aside  than  any  of  the  other  Ulster  knights  above-named.  His  barony  of  Orior  was, 
among  other  territories,  vested  in  the  cro^vn  by  the  i  ith  of  Elizabeth,  and  the  O'Hanlons,  according 
to  English  law,  were  thereafter  simply  intruders  on  their  own  lands ;  but  the  government  were  then 
wholly  unable,  in  this  and  the  numerous  other  similar  cases,  to  enforce  its  own  Act  Orior, 
however,  being  a  very  attractive  region  in  the  eyes  of  English  speculators,  was  granted  by  the 
Queen  to  a  Captain  Chatterton,  who  engaged  tojplant  therein  a  certain  number  of  English  settlers 
in  a  certain  time.  But  so  soon  as  this  arrangement  became  kno\vn,  Chatterton  was  slain  among 
the  O'Hanlons  of  Orior,  and  his  heirs  were  so  frightened  that  they  never  seem  to  have  taken  any 
means  to  carry  out  the  terms  of  agreement  with  the  Queen.  The  grant  to  Chatterton,  however, 
had  never  been  formerly  declared  void,  and  indeed  was  not  known  to  have  been  regularly  inroUed, 
so  that  when  Sir  Oghie  afterwards  was  restored  to  the  family  estates  the  alleged  restoration 
had  no  force  in  law.  He  surrendered  the  deceptive  deed,  however,  when  its  character  became 
known,  and  was  promised  a  real  grant  so  soon  as  Chatterton's  could  be  set  aside.  Thij 
new  grant  was  made  out,  but  contained  certain  reser\'ations  which  he  (Sir  Oghie)  did  not 
like,  and  which  made  him  slow,  if  not  careless,  in  accepting.  One  of  its  provisions  was  thai 
should  he  or  any  of  his  heirs  or  assigns  enter  into  rebellion,  the  doing  so  would  make  void  th* 
grant  It  so  happened  that,  although  this  deed  was  not  claimed  by  Sir  Oghie,  the  lands  conveyec 
therein  were  forfeited  by  his  son,  Oghie  Oge  O'Hanlon,  who  took  part  in  O'Dogherty's  revolt  'JTic 
old  knight  was  adjudged  to  be  directly  compromised  by  the  fact  of  having  given  his  son  shelter  at 
some  time  during  the  revolt  Chichester  held  the  father  accountable,  but  magnanimously  proposed 
to  grant  him  a  pension  of  j^So  a  year  in  lieu  of  his  barony  of  Orior  !  A  grant  for  this  pension  was 
actually  made,  but  old  Sir  Oghie  did  not  live  to  enjoy  it  even  one  year.  His  grey  hairs  were  literally 
brought  in  sorrow  to  the  grave.  His  son  ^vas  sent  to  Sweden  to  assist  in  fighting  the  battles  of 
Gustavus  Adolphus,  the  protestant  champion  of  the  north ;  his  son's  wife,  who  was  a  sister  of  Sir 
Cahir  O'Dogherty,  was  stripped  in  the  woods  by  soldiers  in  the  government  service,  and  perished 
there,  after  having  given  birth  to  a  child. 

Thus  did  Chichester  remove  all  these  Irish  landowners,  through  one  pretext  or  other,  making 

their  lands  available  for  plantation,  and  extending  the  field  for  British  settlers  in  Ulster  beyond  what 

he  had  at  first  even  ventured  to  imagine. 

II. 

The  summer  of  1608  was  a  memorable  time  throughout  this  northern  province.  The  excite- 
ment and  consternation  created  by  the  flight  of  the  earls  in  the  preceding  autumn  had  not  subsided 


THE   ORDERS   AND   CONDITIONS    OF    PLANTATION.  6$ 

^hen  the  revolt  of  O'Dogherty  and  the  removal  of  Sir  Niall  Garve  and  others  added  immensely  to  the 
tumult.  The  legitimate  heads  of  all  the  principal  clans  had  been  thus  violently  swept  away,  and  the 
"^'hole  population  of  the  north  surged  like  an  angr}'  sea.  But  Chichester  did  not,  for  a  day,  lose  sight  of 
liis  plantation  scheme ;  indeed,  how  could  he,  when  almost  every  other  topic  now  touched  on  it  more 
■^r  less  directly;  and  almost  every  act  of  his  administration  was  being  done  with  a  view  to  the 
-timmediate  commencement  of  that  fascinating  business.  He  literally  took  that  tide  in  the  affairs 
-^f  Ulster  at  the  very  flood,  and  so  promptly  too,  that  it  led  not  only  himself,  but  a  host  of 
•us  associates  and  sjnnpathisers  *on  to  fortune.'  Before  he  had  even  heard  of  O'Dogherty's 
defeat,  (although  hourly  expected),  he  had  set  out  northward  with  his  fellow-commissioners  and  a 
^large  military  force,  for  the  survey  of  all  the  rebels'  lands  in  Ulster.  This  cavalcade  started  on 
^be  5th  of  July  from  Dublin,  and  the  next  day,  whilst  the  deputy  reviewed  his  troops,  at  a  place 
<:a/led  Lurgan  Green,  by  the  seaside,  a  little  southward  from  Dundalk,  he  heard  the  joyous  news 
of  O'Doghert/s  death.  This  event  had  occurred  just  at  the  time  Chichester  was  about  leaving 
Dublin  on  the  preceding  day,  and  whilst  the  tidings  of  other  events  almost  equally  gratifying 
irere  coming  hourly  into  the  camp. 

Indeed,  the    work  then  went  on  so  swimmingly   with   the  *civilisers*  that  even   Davys, 

^tHough  he  had  such  a  ready  pen,  could  not  snatch  a  moment  to  write,  until,  on  the  5  th  of 

Aiigust,  he  had  reached  a  quiet  encampment  near  Coleraine,  where  he  collected  his  thoughts,  and 

s^^tched  for  Salisbury  an  outline  of  their  triumphs,  as  follows  : — "The  departure  of  this  bearer 

IS  s<D  sudden  that  he  will  omit  many  things  fit  to  be  advertised  :  Touching  the  prosecution  of  the 

^l^^ls,  the  messengers  of  ill  news  came  not  so  quick  to  Job  ;  as  those  of  good  news  have  come  to 

th^ru  [the  deputy  and  commissioners].     The  day  after  they  began  their  journey,  they  received  news 

^  O'Dogherty's  death,  which  happened  not  only  on  the  5  th  day  of  the  month,  but  on  a  Tuesday 

l^s^^emed  a  fortunate  day  by  the  English  on  their  mission  of  subjugation  in  Ireland],  but  the 

Tviesday  eleven  weeks,  that  is  77  days  after  the  burning  of  the  Deny,  which  is  an  ominous 

^^^laber,  being  seven  elevens  and  eleven  sevens ;  besides,  it  [O'Dogherty's  death]  happened  at 

tKe  very  hour,  if  not  at  the  same  instant,  that  the  Lord  Deputy  took  horse  to  go  against  him. 

W'ithin  two  days,  news  came  of  the  taking  of  Shane  Carragh  O'Cahan  (brother  to  Sir  Donnell 

O^Cahan,  now  prisoner  in  Dublin  Castle),  by  Hugh  McShane  O'Neale  and  others,  the  inhabitants 

oF  the  Glynnes  of  Glanconkeyn.     .     .     .     Within   two  days  after  that,   Oghy  Oge   O'Hanlon, 

'•'Ho,  having  married  O'Doghertie's  sister,  drew  100  men  with  him  into  this  rebellion,  having 

*fter  his  brother-in-law's  death,  retired  out  of  Tyrconnell,  and  come  over  the  Blackwater  with 

PlieHm  Reagh  McDavid,  the  deputy  sent  out  several  companies  of  light  men  to  pursue  them,  one 

o>  ^hich  companies  fell  upon  them  in  the  woods,  killed  some  of  them,  and  took  others  prisoners  ; 

^"C  rest  escaping  by  flight,  scattered  every  one  by  himself.     Among  the  rest,  Oghy  O'Hanlon's 

^^  Was  found  alone  by  an  Irish  soldier,  who  knew  her  not ;  and  being  stripped  of  her  apparel, 

she  Was  so  left  in  the  woods,  where  she  died  next  day  of  cold  and  famine,  being  lately  delivered 

^^^  child  (i).     The  next  day,  Sir  Oliver  Lambert  came  to  their  camp,  and  brought  assurance  of 

^0.  O/a  child, — ^This  cruel  and  dastardly  act  is  ascribed  mentioned,  from  her  countrymen,  without  making  known 

.^.  Irish  soldier.     It  is  not  credible,  however,  that  the  her  name  and  position  as  a  means  of  protecting  herself 

**  of  an  Irish  leader  would  have  suffered  the  indignity  against  outrage. 
I 


66  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

the  rendering  [surrender]  of  Castle  Doe,  in  Tyrconnell,  the  strongest  hold  in  all  this  province, 
which  endured  loo  blows  of  the  demi-cannon  before  it  yielded.  Shortly  after  this,  word  came  that 
O'Doghertie's  bastard  brother  was  taken  in  Tyrconnell,  with  divers  others,  whereof  some  were 
executed  by  martial  law,  and  others  referred  to  be  tried  by  common  law,  when  they  came  with 
their  commission  of  gaol  delivery  into  that  county.  Briefly,  there  scarce  passed  one  day  wherein 
they  heard  not  of  the  killing  or  taking  of  some  of  the  rebels."  In  a  subsequent  portion  of  this 
letter,  Davys  states  that  at  Dungannon  Shane  Carragh  O'Cahan  was  found  guilty  and  executed  in 
the  camp,  his  head  being  set  on  the  castle  of  Dungannon.  At  that  place,  also,  he  tells  of  a 
monk  who  had  been  one  of  O'Dogherty's  principal  counsellors,  and  was  taken  at  Birt  Castle. 
This  monk,  voluntarily,  and  in  the  sight  of  all  the  people,  renounced  his  obedience  to  the 
Pope,  "  whereupon  the  deputy  gave  him  his  life  and  liberty."  At  Coleraine,  "  they  found  no 
extraordinary  business,  but  that  O'Cahane's  priest  and  ghostly  father,  being  taken  in  action  of 
rebellion  with  Shane  Carragh  O'Cahane,  was  executed  for  treason,  and  so  taught  the  people  better 
doctrine  by  the  example  of  his  death  than  he  had  ever  done  in  all  his  life  before.  He  excepted 
to  their  jurisdiction,  affirming  that  the  secular  power  could  not  condemn  a  priest  for  any  ofienca 
whatsoever,  but  the  country  saw  that  point  of  doctrine  &lsified,  both  by  his  judgment  an« 
execution." 

During  this  northern  journey,  the  deputy  actually  combined  the  working  of  three  sevens 
commissions,  one  of  which  made  a  survey  (after  a  fashion)  of  the  escheated  lands,  another  heii 
an  assize  for  the  trial  of  traitors,  whilst  the  object  of  the  third  was  to  find  that  O'Dogherty  ham 
died  in  actual  rebellion,  thus  securing  his  attainder,  and  superseding  the  slower  process  t. 
outlawry,  which  had  consumed  some  precious  time  in  the  case  of  the  earls.  Chichester,  on  tha 
occasion,  took  credit  to  himself  and  his  associates  for  driving  the  State  machine  with  all  becomiia 
firmness  and  rapidity,  hoping  at  the  same  time  that  the  king  and  council  in  London  "  would  ■ 
pleased  to  allow  their  proceedings,  and  give  them  means  at  all  times  hereafter  to  take  time  by 
forelock."  These  three  commissions  had  actually  done  their  work  between  the  5th  of  July 
the  2nd  of  September.  In  that  brief  space,  O'Dogherty  was  duly  attainted  (although  it  require 
longer  time  to  wither  away  the  quarters  of  his  body  from  the  spikes  on  which  they  had  bet=i 
placed) ;  a  general  gaol  delivery  had  set  some  prisoners  free  but  sent  many  others  to  the  gallows 
and  a  nominal  survey  at  least  of  the  escheated  lands  in  each  county  had  been  made.  On  tfi> 
deputy's  return  to  Dublin,  with  his  attendant  commissioners,  he  and  they  were  employed  for  a 
time  in  making  out  their  several  statements  and  reports  for  the  use  of  the  council  in  London. 
Davys,  in  the  letter  to  Salisbury  already  mentioned,  had  stated  that  "before  Michaelmas  they 
hoped  to  present  a  perfect  survey  of  six  several  counties,  which  the  king  has  now  in  demesne  and 
actual  possession  in  this  province ;  which  is  a  greater  extent  of  land  than  any  prince  of  Europe  has 
to  dispose  of."  The  deputy,  for  himself,  made  no  distinct  promise  as  to  what  special  aid  he  would 
provide  in  the  interval  for  the  guidance  of  his  English  patrons ;  but  he  found  time  to  do  much— 
perhaps  more  than  all  the  others — for  the  enlightenment  of  the  king  and  his  ministers,  on  the 
extent  and  condition  generally  of  the  lands  to  be  planted.     His  varied  and  intimate  knowledge  01 


THE   ORDERS   AND   CONDITIONS    OF    PLANTATION. 


67 


:er  now  stood  him  in  good  stead,  enabling  him  to  supply,  at  short  notice  and  without  much 

l)le,  certain  sketches  of  the  six  several  counties  specially  practical  for  the  occasion.     Although 

sketches   were  drawn  up  ostensibly  as  *  instructions'  for  the  two  commissioners  sent  by 

L'^;hester  to  London,  they  were  really  intended  to  instruct  the  king  and  his  council  in  the 

jg^aration  of  some  available  scheme  of  plantation.     The  deputy's  statements  or  instructions  on 

occasion,  from  which  we  shall  frequently  quote,  are  modestly  put  forward  under  the  title  of — 

'^rtain  notes  of  remembrances  touching  the  plantation  and  settlement  of  the  escheated  lands  in  Ulster^ 

'ember  160SJ* 

Of  the  hasty  and  imperfect  survey  then  made  there  is  no  return  to  be  found  among  the  State 

nor  does  it  appear  to  have  ever  been  enrolled.     A  second  survey,  made  in  the  following 

va.tnjmn,  was  supposed  to  have  better  answered  the  purposes  in  hand,  and  therefore,  this  first  one 

to  have  been  entirely  laid  aside.     In  one  important   respect,  however,   it   was    made 

lable.     Thccommissioners,  on  their  return  to  Dublin,  had  been  steadily  at  work,  firom  the 

of  September  until  the  middle  of  October,  arranging  such  materials  as  they  had  collected  in 

r,  and  these  materials  must  have  been  largely,  if  not  exclusively,  the  results  of  this  otherwise 

ive  survey.     No  sooner  were  reports  from  the  three  sets  of  commissioners  prepared,  and  other 

iinc^X^ortaiit  documents,  (including  the  deputy's  *  Notes  of  remembrances')  placed  in  order,  than  the 

precious  collection  was  forwarded  to  London,  in  the  keeping  of  Sir  James  Ley  (2)  the  chief 

,  and  Sir  John  Davys,  whose  attendance  on  the  deputy  in  his  northern  journey  had  made 

em  well  acquainted  with  the  various  intricacies  of  the  work  now  to  be  commenced.     Indeed, 

tH^    former  had  been  specially  designated  as  the  most  likely  person  to  be  serviceable  on  this 

**M^aion  so  early  as  the  month  of  November,  1607.     "  As  there  will  shortly,"  say  the  council  in 

on,  "  be  occasion  to  enter  into  his  [Chichester's]  scheme  for  disposing  of  the  escheated  lands 

the  north,  they  think  it  will  be  necessary  that  they  [the  council  in  Dublin]  should  send  over 

person  fully  informed  of  the  state  of  those  countries,  with  whom  they  [the  council  in 

l-x>ndon]  may  have  further  intercourse  than  is  possible  by  letters."    They  suggest  that  "Sir  James 

I-«y,  the  chief  justice,  who  is  already  desirous  to  come  over,  might  come,  furnished  with  the 

tiecessary  information.     His  Majesty  thinks  that  between  this  [the  17th  of  November,  1607]  and 

Candlemas,  he  might  be  supplied  with  this  information,  and  he  has  been  informed  by  Sir  Oliver 

^-ambert  that  he  [Chichester]  intends  to  draw  near  to  those  parts  [the  northern  counties]  in  p>erson. 

Nevertheless,  if  Sir  James's  health  be  such,  or  there  be  any  other  cause  as  to  make  his  lordship 

[the  deputy]  prefer  any  other  person  for  that  purpose,  it  is  left  to  his  discretion."     Davys  virtually 

^'ivited  himself  to  accompany  Ley ;  and  Chichester  knew  well  that  no  more  competent  person 


M'SirJdmts  Ley. — On  the  20th  of  December,  1608, 
^  King  wrote  to  Chichester,  in  reference  to  this  per- 
'J'^pcas  follows: — "Having  had  proof  of  the  service 
«  Sir  James  Ley,  late  Chief  Justice  of  the  King's  Bench 
w  Ireland,  and  now  of  late  having  had  speech  with  him 
wocemin^  the  affairs  of  that  State,  the  King  has  taken 
l''^  a  liking  to  him  and  such  an  opinion  of  his  ability 
to  do.  him  service,  that  he  has  made  choice  of  him  to 


serve  in  a  place  of  great  charge  in  his  kingdom  of  Eng« 
land,  which  is  the  place  of  Attorney  of  the  Court  of 
Wards.  He  has  accordingly  discharged  him  of  his  place 
of  Chief  Justice  of  the  King's  Bench  of  Ireland,  and  has 
appointed  thereto  Sir  Humphrey  Winch,  now  Baron  of 
the  Court  of  Exchequer  there,  who  is  to  have  the  King*s 
letters  patent  for  the  appointment. " 


68  THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

than  the  attorney-general  could  be  found,  to  supply  clear  and  graphic  explanations  for  the  use  of 
the  King  and  his  council.  Davys  had  written  to  Salisbury  about  this  matter,  on  the  nth  of 
December,  1607,  as  follows: — "In  the  mean  time,  understanding  that  the  Lord  Chief  Justice 
here  is  sent  for  over  to  inform  his  Lordship  [Salisbury],  and  to  receive  direction  touching  the 
disposing  and  settling  of  that  province  [Ulster],  ventures  to  beg  that  he  himself  may  have  license 
to  come  over  with  him ;  as  well  because  he  has  taken  some  pains  to  understand  the  state  of  that 
province,  so  as  to  give  light  in  the  business,  as  also  because  he  has  some  private  business  of  his 
own  in  England,  which  he  might  withal  despatch  the  next  vacation." 

So,  Davys  was  added  to  Ley ;  and  no  sooner  had  Chichester  sent  them  off,  than  he  penned 
two  letters,  the  first  of  which,  from  himself  and  his  council,  was  designed  to  show  forth  the  rare 
fitness  of  Davys  and  Ley  for  their  mission ;  and  the  second,  from  himself  only,  to  impress  on  all 
in  high  quarters  a  due  sense  of  the  magnitude  of  the  trust  now  committed  to  them.  These 
letters  are  both  dated  Oct.  14,  1608.  The  first  is  as  follows : — "Sir  James  Ley  and  Sir  John 
Davys,  being  now  dispatched  thither,  according  to  his  Majesty's  pleasure  signified,  are  fuU^  and 
thoroughly  instructed,  both  by  writing  and  otherwise,  touching  every  particular  concerning  the 
siervice  here  for  the  settlement  of  the  north,  and  what  else  concemeth  the  kingdom.  They  were, 
besides,  usually  present  at  council,  at  the  hammering  of  all  those  [particulars]  of  greatest  hardness 
and  difficulty,  the  one  of  them  [Ley]  being  of  the  society  trusted  with  those  weightiest  afiaiis ;  and 
the  other  (both  for  the  convenience  of  his  office  and  to  strengthen  a  memory  otherwise  single) 
often  called  thereunto ;  so  that  scarce  anything  has  here  passed  unknowTi  to  one  of  them  at  die 
least,  over  and  above  their  sundry  employments  in  commission,  which  cannot  but  have  added 
much  to  their  particular  knowledge.  They  [the  deputy  and  his  council]  think  it,  therefore,  very 
meet  to  leave  to  their  care  only,  the  relation  of  all  the  business  committed  tb  their  several  trusts, 
without  troubling  their  lordships  with  iteration  by  dead  letter  of  that  which  so  fitly  may,  and  no 
doubt  so  sufficiently  will,  be  delivered  viva  voce  to  their  better  contentment.  They  pray  that  their 
return  may  be  as  speedy  as  the  weightiness  of  the  service  will  fitly  permit." 

The  deputy's  second  letter  on  this  occasion  is  perhaps  even  more  interesting  as  referring  to 
the  subject  specially  to  be  discussed.  Although  every  important  question,  arising  from  or 
connected  therewith,  was  now  about  to  be  made  plain  by  the  persons  so  highly  commended,  yet 
Chichester  was  of  opinion  that  there  might  be  no  harm,  at  least,  in  adding  a  few  remarks  on  one 
or  two  points  specially  requiring  attention.  "  What  he  conceives  touching  the  state  of  Ulster," 
says  he,  "  together  with  his  opinion  for  settlement  of  every  part  thereof,  he  has  at  large  set  down 
[in  his  "  Notes  of  Remembrances"],  leaving  the  rest  to  their  relation  and  further  discourse.  Only 
this  they  [the  council  in  London]  should  observe,  that  this  great  territory  is  ^-ith  great  felicity 
escheated  to  his  Majesty,  who  is  now  sole  proprietor  of  the  most  part  of  it,  as  the  native  Icxrds 
thereof  were  formerly  accounted  and  known  to  be.  His  Majesty  may  retain  and  keep  the  same 
by  a  firm  establishment  in  his  crown  for  ever,  for  his  honour  and  increase  of  his  revenues,  which, 
once  perfected,  will  reduce  the  whole  kingdom  to  more  civility  and  obedience  (3).     As  die 


(3).   ObtdUnce, — These  were  mere  words  of  course  with      to  retain  the  escheated  lands  in  his  own  _ 
the  deputy,  for  he  had  no  idea  of  recommending  the  King      that  they  might  be  let  out  directly  to  occupying  ^rufmfi 


THE    ORDERS   AND   CONDITIONS   OF   PLANTATION. 


69 


disparity  or  inequality  of  estates  in  Ulster  (which  drew  the  dependence  of  all  the  rest  of  the 
subjects  upon  the  great  ones),  has  been  that  which  overswayed  and  overthrew  their  chieftains,  and 
troubled  the  whole  land  from  time  to  time,  he  wishes  that  the  escheated  lands  should  not  be 
granted  away  in  gross,  or  by  whole  countries,  to  one  man,  but  rather  that  the  division  should  be 
amongst  many,  and  by  reasonable  portions,  yet  such  as  may  encourage  the  particular  undertakers 
to  lay  their  fortunes  upon  the  plantation  and  improvement  thereof.  Consideration  must  be  had  of 
the  natives,  who  are  many,  that  either  the  principal  gentlemen,  or  else  the  honester  sort  and  best 
deserving  may  be  so  satisfied  in  this  division  as  may  quench  envy,  quae  serpit  ad  habentem  ;  also, 
where  they  shall  be  assigned  their  portions  and  places  of  abode,  whether  in  woods  or  plains, 
indifferently  and  as  it  may  casually  fall  out,  or  else  in  the  open  fields  and  plains  only, — a  matter 
though  seeming  difficult,  yet  in  his  opinion  worth  consideration ;  for  in  the  plains  (besides  that  they 
may  be  there  overlooked),  they  shall  be  invited  or  constrained  to  labour  and  painstaking ;  whereas 
in  the  woods  and  places  of  strength,  they  will  be  more  given  to  creaghting  [living  exclusively  by 
cattle],  or  idleness;  also  they  will  be  able  to  issue  out  of  these  dens  continually,  and  to  annoy  the  civil 
inhabitants  that  should  otherwise  be  settled  in  the  plains." 

These,  it  will  be  admitted,  are  very  practical  remarks  on  the  questions  to  which  they  refer  ; 

and  they  are  certainly  of  a  more  liberal  character  towards  the  natives  than  many  of  the  deputy's 

after-thoughts  on  exactly  the  same  points.     To  be  sure,  he  would  have  been  well  inclined  to  have 

^ven  nothing  to  the  natives  at  all,  but  the  impolicy  of  this  course  was  too  obvious.     He  would 

^ve  been  strongly  disposed,  also,  to  have  denied  any  portions  of  the  plains  in  the  north  to  such 

natives  as  might  be  admitted  to  a  share  in  the  distribution,  but  the  impolicy  of  this  exclusion  had 

been  already  but  too  clearly  proved  in  other  and  earlier  plantations,  and  it  would  have  been 

singularly  unwise  in  such  a  region  of  natural  fastnesses  as  Ulster.     As  a  general  rule,  the  *  civilisers' 

approached  their  work  timidly  (and  no  wonder),  feeling  their  ^vay,  groping  occasionally  in  the  dark, 

aiKi  therefore  not  at  first  so  disposed  to  be  domineering  ;  but  they  gathered  courage  as  they  advanced, 

and  eventually  divested  themselves  of  any  scruples  of  conscience  in  their  treatment  of  the  natives. 

The  chief  justice.  Sir  James  Ley,  has  not  left,  so  fir  as  we  know,  any  statement  of  his  ideas  on  the 

subject  of  the  plantation,  being  perhaps  of  a  taciturn  disposition,  or  made  silent  by  his  feeble  health, 

or  by  the  superabundance  of  the  talking  and  writing  of  those  around  him.     Davys,  however,  was 

not  slow  in  giving  out  his  opinions  without  stint     The  first  difficulty  that  impressed  itself  on  his 

™ind,  he  describes,  as  follows,  in  a  letter  to  Salisbury,  on  the  5th  of  August,   1608: — "The 


firon  the  crown.     Sir  Oliver  St  John,  writing  to  Salis- 
^07,  Oct  9,  1607,  has  the  following  highly  interesting 
jyinarks  in  reference  to  this  subject: — **The  other  con- 
sideration is  the  disposition  of  the  northern  Lords*  lands 
in  Ulster,  when  they  shall  be  brought  to  his  Majesty's 
Crown.     Advises   that  no  part  be  given  away  to  any 
Irish  or  English  [landlords  or  undertakers],  but  by  worthy 
iuid  arefiil  commissioners  let  to  the  natives  of  the  country 
at  high  and  dear  rates  [compared  with  those  they  have 
been  previously  paying].     The  reason  of  his  opinion  is 
groonded  upon  the  natural  disposition  of  the  poor  Irish, 
who  esteem  more  their  landlord  whom  they  know,  than 


their  King  whom  they  seldom  hear  of ;  and  when  they 
shall  be  inured  to  know  that  they  hold  their  lands  imme- 
diately of  the  King,  they  will  neglect  their  wonted 
tyrants,  whom  naturally  they  love  not,  and  turn  their 
affections  and  loyalties  so  to  the  King  under  whom  they 
will  serve,  and  know  how  happy  it  is  for  them  to  live. 
.  .  .  By  this  course  the  poor  people's  hearts  will  l)e 
made  the  King's,  and  his  revenues  exceedingly  increased  ; 
for  the  Irish  people,  so  they  be  freed,  from  cuttings  and 
cesse,  willingly  yield  large  rents ;  and  those  wild  parts 
will  be  the  more  likely  to  be  brought  to  a  true  and  pef- 
manent  subjection.  '* 


70 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


disposition  whereof  [of  the  six  counties]  by  plantation  of  colonies  is  a  matter  of  great  consideration, 
wherein  it  is  not  easy  to  lay  down  a  good  and  sure  project  There  have  been  sundry  plantations 
in  this  kingdom,  whereof  the  first  plantation  of  the  English  pale  was  the  best  (4),  and  the  last 
plantation  of  the  undertakers  in  Munster  was  the  worst  (5).  The  plantations  in  Ulster,  on  the  sea 
coast,  by  Sir  John  Courcy  (see  p.  21),  the  Lacyes,  and  the  Bourks  [De  Burgos] ;  the  plantation  in 
Connaught  by  the  Bourks  and  Geraldines  [Fitzgeralds]  ;  in  Thomond  by  Sir  Thomas  de  Clare  ;  in 
Munster  by  the  Geraldines,  Butlers,  Barrys,  Roches,  and  other  English  families,  are  in  part  rooted 
out  (6)  by  the  Irish  ;  and  such  as  remain  are  much  degenerated ;  which  will  happen  to  this  plantation 
within  a  few  years  if  the  number  of  civil  persons  to  be  planted  do  not  exceed  the  number  of  the 
natives,  who  will  quickly  overgrow  them,  as  weeds  overgrow  the  good  corn." 

in. 

On  the  arrival  of  I>ey  and  Davys  in  London,  they  found  that  the  authorities  there,  although::^ 
anxious  for  their  coming,  were  not  idle  in  the  meantime.  The  King  had  become  extremely  fuss^^ 
in  the  business  from  the  moment  he  heard  of  the  actual  flight  of  the  earls,  and  before— 3 
the  end  of  the  month  in  which  that  event  occurred,  he  demanded  that  information  should 
furnished  without  delay  "  respecting  the  lands  to  be  divided ;  what  countries  are  most  meet  to 
inhabited ;  what  Irish  fit  to  be  trusted ;  what  English  meet  for  that  plantation  in  Ireland ;  wl 
offers  are  or  will  be  made  there  ;  and  what  is  to  be  done  for  the  conviction  of  the  fugitives,  becaus 
there  is  no  possession  or  estate  to  be  given  before  their  attainder."    The  King  thus  became  qui" 


(4).  Tht  b€5t, — This  was  the  original  English  colony 
in  Ireland,  planted  in  the  reign  of  Henry  II.,  and 
although  at  first  a  mere  private  adventure  headed  by 
Fitzstephen  and  Fitzgerald,  it  attracted  other  adventurers 
from  time  to  time,  until  at  length  the  colonists  obtained 
a  permanent  footing.  The  two  adventurers  already  named, 
who  brought  with  them  390  men,  were  followed  by  Earl 
Strongbow  with  I2CX)  more ;  their  success  soon  brought 
the  King,  who  came  with  a  train  of  500  knights.  Other 
hands  followed  from  time  to  time,  and  the  numerous 
relays  of  men  from  England  when  required,  sufficiently 
account  for  the  superior  stability  of  the  colony  in  the 
Pale. 

(5).  Was  the  worst. — This  attempt  at  colonising  a  por- 
tion of  Munster  was  the  latest  that  had  been  undertaken 
prior  to  the  time  of  the  plantation  in  Ulster  now  about 
to  be  commenced.  The  object  of  the  movement  in  Mun- 
ster was  to  place  English  settlers  on  the  extensive  lands 
left  comparatively  desolate  during  the  war  with  the  great 
Earl  of  Desmond.  By  the  articles  of  1586  between 
Queen  Elizabeth  and  the  undertakers  of  escheated  lands 
in  Munster,  the  latter  received  quantities  varying  from 
6,000  to  24,000  acres  each.  One  part  of  the  county  of 
Limerick,  with  portions  of  Cork,  Tipperary,  and  Water- 
ford,  were  thus  set  out  to  Christopher  Hatton,  Edward 
Fitton,  and  Rowland  Stanley,  knights,  from  Cheshire 
and  Lancashire  ;  the  remaining  part  of  the  county  of 
Cork,  and  parts  of  the  county  of  Waterford  adjoining, 
were  let  to  Walter  Raleigh,  John  Stowell,  and  John 
Clifton,    knights,    from   Devonshire  and  Somersetshire. 


Sir  W^illiam  Courtney,  Edward  Hutton,  and  H( 
Outred,  esquires,  were  undertakers  for  the  renuunl 
lands  in  the  county  of  Limerick.  The  county  of 
also  was  included  in  that  plantation,  and  severml 
undertakers,  in  addition  to  those  above-named,  obtaioet/ 
grants  of  the  Munster  lands.  The  lands  conveyed  in 
these  grants  were  generally  too  extensive  to  be  properij 
managed  ;  and  this  whole  plantation  was  swept  away  ia 
the  year  1596 — just  ten  years  after  its  commencement 
The  Irish,  when  they  assailed  it,  did  not  adopt  any  slow 
or  halting  process  in  rooting  it  out ;  but,  daring  the  one 
year  above-named,  they  burned  everything,  even  the 
deserted  house, — permitting  the  settlers,  however,  to 
decamp  with  their  lives. 

(6).  Rooted  out. — Davys,  when  writing  of  these  niincd 
English  colonies,  closes  up  an  account  of  their  disasters 
in  these  words  :  —  '*Thus,  in  that  space  of  time  which 
was  between  the  loth  year  of  Edward  II.  and  the  30th 
year  of  Edward  III.  (I  speak  within  compass),  \r§  the 
concurrence  of  the  mischiefs  before  recited,  all  the  old 
English  colonies  in  Munster,  Connaught,  and  Ulster* 
and  more  than  a  third  part  of  Leinster,  became  degCDe- 
rate,  and  fell  away  from  the  crown  of  England ;  so  as 
only  the  four  shires  of  the  English  Pale  remained  under 
the  obedience  of  the  law ;  and  yet  the  borders  of  the 
marches  thereof  were  grown  unruly,  and  out  of  order  too, 
being  subject  to  black  rents  and  tributes  of  the  Irish ; 
which  was  a  greater  defection  than  when  ten  or  tw^Te 
tribes  departed  and  fell  away  from  the  kings  of  Judmh.** 
See  Davys's  Historical  Tracts^  p.  150. 


THE   ORDERS   AND    CONDITIONS   OF    PLANTATION.  7 1 

interested  in  the  project,  and  employed  himself  actively  in  urging  on  the  necessary  arrangements. 

Indeed,  the  monarch  and  his  ministers  appear  to  have  expected  the  events  then  transpiring  one 

^ter  another  in  Ulster,  so  that  they  were  able  to  proceed,  as  they  really  did,  very  coolly  and 

systematically  with  their  work.     They  began  to  suspect  that  even  Chichester  himself  might  become 

too  merciful  in  granting  pardons  to  traitors,  for  the  King  had  now  become  jealous  lest  any  portion — 

even  the  smallest— of  the  vast  spoil  should  be  appropriated  otherwise  than  by  or  through  himself. 

Chichester  was,  therefore,  duly  cautioned,  forsooth,  to  beware  of  too  readily  or  leniently  accepting 

submissions  from,  or  granting  pardons  to,  any  rebels,  with  the  view  of  restoring  to  them  such  lands 

as    had  previously  belonged,  time  immemorial,  to  their  families.     This  caution  is  conveyed   to 

th&  deputy  in  a  letter  from  the  council  of  Tendon,  dated  July  20,  1608,  as  follows: — "And  now 

thsLt  all  Ulster,  or  the  most  part,  has  fallen  into  his  Majesty's  power,  he  intends  to  order  it  so  as  it 

redound  to  his  honour  and  profit.     And  as  a  fair  opportunity  is  given  by  the  absence  of  the 

Ltive  earls,  the  death  of  the  traitor  0*Dogherty,  and  the  imprisonment  of  Sir  Neale  Garvey,  and 

others  of  the  disturbers  of  the  peace  [principally  Sir  Cormack  O'Neill  and  Sir  Donnell 

O'Cahan],  of  those  northern  parts.     Now  in  order  to  prevent  for  the  future  that  it  shall  be  in  the 

po'^wrer  (as  it  -heretofore  has  been)  of  any  rebellious  companion  that  chooseth  to  make  himself  head 

of  ajiy  sept  by  presuming  on  a  rabble  of  his  base  followers,  to  disturb  the  peace,  and  put  his  Majesty 

to  tJie  cost  and  trouble  of  prosecuting  a  vagrant  company  of  wood  kerne,  there  must  not  be  so  great 

a  facility  for  granting  pardons  and  taking  submissions.     He  [Chichester]  is  to  abstain  from  making 

promises  of  any  of  the  escheated  lands,  and  to  assure  himself  that  nof  an  acre  will  be  disposed  of 

till  the  survey  and  certificate  of  the  lands  be  returned  over  to  them  [the  council  in  London],  at  the 

coining  of  the  chief  justice  and  attorney." 

When  the  deputy's  agents  presented  themselves,  the  King  talked  in  his  usually  pedantic  style 

on  the  subject  of  the  contemplated  doings  in  Ulster,  and  as  if  indeed  wishing  to  impress  on  all 

»ound  that  he  had  received  some  sort  of  commission  from  on  high  in  connection  with  the  matter  in 

hand.    Davys  had  already  led  him  to  believe  that  he  was  destined  to  do  a  greater  work  for  Ireland 

^^  even  what  had  been  done  by  St  Patrick  himself ;  but,  in  the  meantime,  there  had  appeared  on 

the  scene  a  still  more  fulsome  flatterer,  in  the  person  of  that  ponderous  statesman  and  philosopher, 

known  as  Francis  Bacon.     This  great  English  chancellor,  who  believed  he  could  treat  any  subject  in 

a  peculiarly  oracular  way,  forthwith  wrote  his  Considerations  touching  the  Plantation  in  Ireland 

[Ulster],  but  his  performance  was  tawdry  and  commonplace,  when  compared  with  the  graphic 

sketches  of  Chichester  and  Davys.     Bacon's  treatise,  which,  of  course,  is  addressed  to  the  King, 

opens  as  follows  : — "  It  seemeth  God  hath  reserved  to  your  Majesty's  times  two  works,  which  among 

the  acts  of  Kings  have  the  supreme  pre-eminence — the  union  and  plantation  of  kingdoms.     .     .     . 

For,  as  in  the  works  of  God,  the  creation  is  greater  than  the  preservation ;  and  as  in  the  works  of 

nature,  the  birth  and  nativity  is  more  than  the  continuance  ;  so  in  kingdoms  the  first  foundation  or 

plantation  is  of  more  noble  dignity  and  merit  than  all  that  followeth.     .     .     Your  Majesty  hath  yet 

a  fortune  extraordinary,  and  difiering  from  former  examples  of  the  same  kind.     For  most  part  of 

the  unions  and  plantations  of  kingdoms  have  been  founded  in  the  efl'usion  of  blood,  but  your 


72  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

Majesty  shall  build  in  solo  puro  et  in  area  pura^  that  shall  need  no  sacrifices  expiatory  for  blood  ; 
and  therefore,  no  doubt,  under  a  higher  and  more  assured  blessing."  This  abject  flatterer  thus 
commences  by  utterly  ignoring  the  past  of  Ireland,  and  especially  of  Ulster,  if  indeed  he  knew 
anything  impartially,  or  as  he  ought  to  have  known,  of  Ireland's  history. 

But  let  us  hear  Bacon's  account  of  the  honour  which  was  to  be  the  reward  of  the  King  for  his 
taking  advantage  of  that  lamentable  crisis  in  Ulster.  "  The  first  of  the  noble  consequences,''  sajrs 
the  philosopher,  "is  honour,  whereof  I  have  spoken  enough  already,  were  it  not  that  the 
Harp  of  Ireland  puts  me  in  mind  of  that  glorious  emblem  or  allegory  wherein  the  wisdom  of 
antiquity  did  figure  and  shadow  out  works  of  this  nature.  For  the  poets  feigned  that  Orpheus,  by 
the  virtue  and  sweetness  of  his  harp,  did  call  and  assemble  the  beasts  and  birds,  of  their 
nature  wild  and  savage,  to  stand  about  him  as  in  a  theatre ;  forgetting  their  affections  of  fiercenes8| 
of  lust,  and  of  prey,  and  soon  after  called  likewise  the  stones,  and  the  woods  to  remove,  and 
stand  in  order  about  him ;  which  fable  was  anciently  interpreted  of  the  reducing  and  plantation 
of  kingdoms ;  when  the  people  of  barbarous  manners  are  brought  to  give  over  and  discontinue 
their  customs  of  revenge  and  blood,  and  of  dissolute  life,  of  thefl  and  rapine,  and  to  give  ear 
to  the  ^^isdom  of  laws  and  government ;  whereupon  immediately  followeth  the  calling  of  stones 
for  building  and  habitation,  and  of  trees  for  the  seats  of  houses,  orchards,  and  the  like, 
work,  therefore,  of  all  others  most  memorable  and  honourable,  your  Majesty  hath  now^in  hand 
specially  if  your  Majesty  join  the  harp  of  David,  in  casting  out  the  evil  spirit  of  superstition,  wii 
the  harp  of  Orpheus,  in  casting  out  desolation  and  barbarism."  See  Bacon's  Life  and 
edited  by  Spedding,  vol.  iv.,  pp.  117,  118. 


Our  readers  will  admit  that,  in  the  foregoing  passage.  Bacon  has  been  harping  to  little 
so  far  as  any  practical  remarks  on  the  plantation  of  Ulster  are  concerned.     The  harp  of  Ire! 
suggests  to  him  the  harp  of  Orpheus,  and  this  latter  reminds  him  in  turn  of  the  harp  of  Da' 
But,  if  Ireland  had  a  harp,  and  a  thoroughly  ancient  and  sweet-toned  instrument,  too,  was  U 
also  *  that  glorious  emblem  or  allegory'  of  her  civilization  at  a  time  when  the  Saxons  were  but 
and  savages  ?    But  the  philosopher  sadly  desecrated  the  Irish  harp  in  thus  mentioning  it  solely 
a  source  of  flattery  to  the  heartless  King,  and  in  connection  with  a  project  of  which  he  and 
King  ought  to  have  been  thoroughly  ashamed.     The  *  harp  of  David'  was  also  rudely  dragged  in 
Bacon,  with  the  intention  of  ministering  to  the  vanity  of  his  royal  master.     The  latter  had 
persuaded  by  a  brood  of  surrounding  sycophants  that  he  was  both  pious  and  poetical,  and 
actually  commenced  under  this  false  impression  to  work  at  a  metrical  version  of  the  Psalms  0^ 
David.    He  abandoned  the  task,  however,  when  he  had  only  got  so  far  as  the  thirty-first  psalm.    The 
notorious  Dr.  Williams,  who  afterwards  preached  a  funeral  sermon  on  the  occasion  of  the  King's 
death,  referred  to  this  work,  in  which  the  latter  had  been  engaged,  in  the  following  terms  2 — "  Hcc 
was  in  hand  (when  God  called  him  to  sing  psalms  with  the  angels),  with  the  translation  of  our 
churche  psalmes,  which  hee  intended  to  have  finished,  and  dedicated  withall  to  the  only  saint  of 
his  devotion,  the  churche  of  Great  Britaine  and  that  of  Ireland      This  work  was  staUd  in  the  one 
and  thirtie  psalme."    Williams  thus  intended  to  produce  the  impression  that  death  literally  found 


THE  ORDERS  AND   CONDITIONS   OF   PLANTATION. 


73 


die  Ring  employed  in  this  pious  labour ;  but  the  truth  was  that  the  latter  had  long  previously  handed 
Over  the  task  to  a  court  poet  named  Sir  William  Alexander,  afterwards  Earl  of  Stirling.  Spotswood, 
the  historian  of  the  Scottish  church,  refers  to  that  arrangement  as  follows  : — "  The  revising  of  the 
psalmes  he  [the  King]  made  his  own  labour ;  and  at  such  hours  as  he  might  spare  from  the  public 
cares,  went  through  a  number  of  them,  commending  the  rest  to  a  faithful  and  learned  servant,  who 
hath  therein  answered  his  Majesty's  expectations."  (See  Irving's  History  of  Scottish  Poetry^  edited 
by  Carlyle,  pp.  511,  512).  Bacon's  '  harp  of  David'  is  thus  explained,  and  easily  'joined  with  the 
harp  of  Orpheus.'* 

Before  the  survey  and  other  documents  were  forwarded  to  London,  rumours  had  reached  the 

deputy,  which  seemed  to  him  seriously  to  impeach  both  the  wisdom  and  ability  of  his  royal  master 

IQ  reference  to  this  business  of  plantation.     Chichester  heard  that  the  King  was  about  to  show 

his  generosity  in  an  especial  manner  to  certain  Scottish  noblemen,  to  whom  immense  grants,  it  was 

said,  were  to  be  made,  and  who  intended  to  bring  into  Ulster  laige  numbers  of  Islesmen  and 

Highlanders,  as  settlers.    This  naturally  appeared  to  the  deputy  a  very  questionable  proceedingi 

for  he  had  no  special  afifection  for  Scotchmen  high  or  low,  gentle  or  simple,  and  besides  he  had 

eiq>ended  much  of  his  time  and  ingenuity  ever  since  his  coming  to  Ireland,  in  the  work  of  repelling 

and  expelling  Islesmen  and  other  northern  Scots  from  the  coasts  of  Ulster.     He  felt,  however,  that  his 

hands  were  now  comparatively  tied  up  by  the  accession  of  the  Scottish  king  to  the  English  throne,  and 

especially  in  view  of  an  act  to  be  passed  at  the  meeting  of  the  first  Parliament  in  reference  to  this 

niatter.  (7).     His  opposition,  therefore,  to  the  northern  Scots  whom  he  so  much  dreaded  (8),  could 

assume  no  more  tangible  form  than  a  strongly  expressed  remonstrance,  which  he  conveyed  in  a  letter  to 

Salisbury,  dated  Oct  18,  and  of  which  the  following  is  an  extract : — "To  quicken  his  Majesty's 


(7)«  T^  nutUer, — In  the  third  and  fourth  years  of 

^fe  rdgn  of  Philip  and  Mary,  an  act  was  passed  against 

P*ix>ging  in  of  Scots  to  Ireland,  retaining  them  here,  or 

^en&anying  with  them.     None  of  these  arrangements 

ydd  be  legally  made  without   the   leave  of  the  lord 

^^ty  for  the  time  being,  **  sealed  with  the  great  Seal  of 

^Reahne."    This  Act  remained  in  force  or  form  on 

^  statute  book,  but  was  practically  a  dead  letter,  until 

^  year  161 2,  when  it  was  repealed  by  the  Parliament 

^ich  then  met  in  Dublin,  "  forasmuch  as  the  cause  of 

^I^Ottking  of  the  said  Act  is  utterly  taken  away  br  the 

nippy  uniting  of  the  kingdomes  of  England,  Scotland, 

^  hdand  under  one  Imperiall  Crowne*"    See  Statutes 

'  Hlrdmd^  from  jrd  of  Edward  II.  to  the  iith  of  James 

L,  p.329. 

(^A/WA  dreaded, — The  State  papers  contain  many 

Jjwds  of  Chichester's  hostility  to  the  northern  Scots. 

^^  Sir  Randal  Macdonnell,  in  1603,  obtained  a  grant 

w  the  Route  and  Glynns  in  the  county  of  Antrim,  as  a 

letter  of  course,  many  of  his  kinsmen  kept  coming  and 

|0O)| across  the  channd,  as  their  affairs  required;  but 

Chichester  could  only  see  in  this  natural  and  friendly 

■Btecoursc  the  concocting  of  conspiracies  against  the 

S<»^    On  the  8th  of  June,  1604,  he  wrote  to  CecU, 

reoonunending    that    Phillips   (afterwards    Sir  Thomas 


Phillips)  should  have  a  custodiam  of  the  abbey  of  Cole* 
raine  and  the  lands  thereto  belonging,  assigning  as  hit 
principal  reason  for  so  doing  that  Phillips  would  "hinder 
the  unlawful  excursions  of  our  neighbouring  islanders, 
who  come  and  go  at  their  will  and  pleasure,  leaving  ever 
behind  them  some  note  of  their  incivility  and  disobe* 
dience.  As  of  late  Angus  M  'Connell,  lord  of  Kentyre, 
pursuing  one  of  his  sons  that  had  offended  him  at  home, 
lighted  upon  him  at  the  Roote,  where  he  tried  and  hung 
some  of  his  men  ;  and  charging  his  son  with  sundry 
treasons,  after  a  few  cups,  were  soon  reconciled,  and 
returned  in  company  before  he  [Chichester]  could  appre- 
hend them."  lie  does  not  seem  to  have  cared  for  this 
sudden  reconciliation  among  a  distinguished  family  of 
Scots,  which  so  quickly  carried  them  away  across  the 
channel,  and  might  have  been  supposed  to  have  been  the 
very  thing  that  Chichester  would  rejoice  to  witness. 
They  appear  to  have  settled  their  quarrel  in  a  very  simple 
style  and  according  to  their  own  code.  If  they  hanged 
one  another  in  the  Route  as  if  it  had  been  their  own 
soil,  they  felt  they  could  take  that  liberty  in  their  kins- 
man's  (Sir  Randal's)  '  country' ;  and,  at  all  events,  they 
saved  Chichester  from  apprehending  and  executing  a  lot 
of  probably  notorious  maieflEtctors  of  some  description. — 
See  Hill's  ffist^rkal  Account  of  the  MacdontuUs  of 
Antrim^  p.  205. 


74 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


care  and  dispatch  for  the  settlement  of  Lister,  the  book  of  survej  which  he  sent  [and  which  has 
not  been  yet  found  in  any  collections  of  maps]  by  the  chief  justice  and  attorney  has  not  the  values 
of  the  lands,  for  which  he  has  given  a  reason  in  the  note  he  delivers  to  them ;  and  it  is  omitted 
the  rather  because  it  was  said  here  that  the  King,  through  importunity  of  suitors,  made  promise  of 
a  great  part  to  be  given  according  to  the  surveys,  by  loo/.  rents  to  one  and  200^  to  another.  This 
course,  if  it  should  be  so,  will  altogether  overthrow  the  expected  plantation  and  reformation  of  that 
province ;  which,  well  settled,  peace  is  like  to  be  continued  there,  and  so  in  other  parts  of  the 
kingdom,  from  whence  civility  and  plenty  may  follow.  Wliereby  the  King's  chaige  of  sending 
money  from  thence  will  be  in  time  greatly  eased,  for  he  sees  no  reason  but  that  Ireland  may  be 
brought  to  keep  itself,  if  the  people  could  be  made  to  affect  peace,  and  to  take  pains  in  husbanding 
and  manuring  the  land,  and  had  care  to  make  the  best  of  the  commodities  which  it  brings  forth  in 
their  several  kinds.  But  if  the  nobility  and  subjects  of  Scotland,  having  part  of  the  escheated  land 
passed  to  them,  be  permitted  to  bring  over  the  islanders,  or  their  neighbours  of  those  northern 
parts,  he  thinks  more  trouble  and  less  profit  will  arise  from  thence,  than  if  the  Irish  themselves 
held  it  as  they  now  do.  Delivers  his  opinion  herein  plainly,  not,  he  takes  God  to  witness,  with  a 
mind  to  cross  or  hinder  any  noble  or  other  civil  gentlemen  that  have  a  desire  to  settle  and  plant 
there,  but  in  order  that  the  inconvenience  may  be  prevented  and  the  best  course  thought  on  and 
embraced.''  The  deputy  had  need  to  use  this  solemn  disclaimer,  as  his  opposition  to  the  parties 
named  was  a  well  established  and  generally  known  fact  (9). 

No  sooner  had  Ley  and  Davys  got  to  work  in  London,  under  the  eyes  of  the  council  there, 
and  in  immediate  communication  with  the  commissioners  for  Irish  causes,  than  letters  b^an  to 
pour  upon  them  from  Ireland,  generally  urging  claims  for  land  in  Ulster  on  the  part  of  the  writers, 
and  not  a  few  of  them  deprecating  any  further  delay  in  commencing  the  actual  work.  Chichester, 
who  knew  better  than  any  other  what  could,  and  could  not  be  done,  in  a  given  time,  referred  to  this 
point  in  a  letter  to  the  council  at  London,  dated  Oct  14,  as  follows : — *'  Although  nothing  can  be 
done  in  the  division  and  settlement  [of  the  lands]  until  the  next  summer  [i.e.,  of  1609],  yet  he 
desires  to  understand  their  resolution  in  the  mean  time ;  because  all  men  are  in  expectation 
thereof."  Among  others,  who  urged  dispatch,  was  Sir  Thomas  Ridgeway,  the  treasurer  at  war 
and  a  most  efficient  public  functionary.     He  wrote  to  Salisbur}',  on  the  30th  of  November,  and  his 


(9).  Kturwn  fact* — The  deputy  must  naturally  have 
had  leriout  fears  for  his  plantation  if  northern  Scottish 
nobles,  such  as  he  supposed  Sir  Randal  Macdonnell  to 
be  — with  endless  pedigrees  and  fierce  Celtic  traditions — 
should  l)e  permitted  to  lead  over  and  settle  their  redshank 
friends  on  the  shores  of  Lough  Neagh  and  Lough  Erne. 
When  expressing  his  doubts  and  fears  to  Salisbury  about 
Scots  having  much  to  do  in  the  settlement  of  Ulster,  he 
fancied  no  doubt  that  the  Macdonnclls,  his  old'  enemies, 
might  be  brought  to  confront  and  trouble  him  once  more. 
His  sentiments  had  not  then  [1608]  changed  towards 
them,  if  it  ever  changed.  Four  years  previously,  on  his 
return  to  Carrickfergus  from  a  trip  he  had  made  south- 
ward, he  informs  Cecil  that  he  had  heard  of  "the  arrival 
of  seven  score  of  islanders  at  the  Roote,  to  Sir  Randall 
McDonnell,  under  the  command  of  Donnell  Germ,  with 


such  arms  as  they  usually  beare.  The  number  aiid 
fashion  of  them  has  caused  him  to  send  for  Sir  RindaM, 
charging  him  to  bring  that  gentleman  and  his  people 
with  him.  Is  suspicious  of  these  assemblies  ana  con- 
ferences, and  therefore  has  kept  together  Captain  Phillips's 
company  of  soldiers,  who  hath  spent  the  two  years  past 
at  Toom,  keeping  in  quietness  tnose  parts  which  lie  oa 
the  Bann  side  to  the  mouth  of  that  nver,  and  so  along 
the  coast  which  borders  on  Scotland.  Knows  no  counliy 
that  better  requires  lookii^  after,  nor  a  better  man  for 
the  business  than  CapUin  Phillips*"  (/Mf,  p.  305.)  Sir 
Randal  had  been  then  endeavouring  to  bring  people  to 
settle  on  his  desolated  lands,  and  to  rent  nis  aeipcral 
6shings  on  the  coast ;  but  Chichester,  and  his  frioKi 
Phillips,  sometimes  seriously  impeded  his  progrcM  by 
their  jealousies  and  unworthy  iiean* 


THE   ORDERS   AND   CONDITIONS   OF   PLANTATION.  75 

words  were  always  welcomed,  for  no  one  knew  the  temper  of  the  natives,  especially  in  northern 
Ulster,  better  than  he.  "  The  protraction,"  says  he,  "  of  the  northern  plantation  (which  country 
was  so  long  left  to  the  natural  lords  of  it,  and  the  survey  whereof  was  also  long  since  [six  weeks 
before]  sent  over),  will  become  so  prejudicial  to  his  Majesty's  rents  or  duties  there,  especially  in 
Tirconnell,  that  he  cannot  but  mention  it  to  him.  Suggests  also  the  danger  that  may  arise  by 
distraction  of  the  mind  of  a  rude  and  savage  people  when  they  are  not  subject  to  the  control  of  any 
near  hand" 

The  first  scrap  of  intelligence  from  London  indicating  that  the  work  had  at  last  commenced, 

was  the  copy  of  a  plan  sent  to  the  deputy  for  inspection,  and  having  reference  only  to  the  one 

county  of  Tyrone.     This  had  been  drawn  up  as  a  sort  of  tentative  project  before  the  one  for  all 

tHe  counties  was  finally  prepared,  its  authors  [chiefly  Ley  and  Davys]  reporting  it  to  the  council 

^ere  on  Dec  20,  1608,  and  stating  simply  their  recommendations  as  to  rents  and  tenures,  the 

persons  desirable  as  undertakers,  and  the  conditions  on  which  they  should  be  permitted  to  have 

^ds  in  the  plantation.     Among  the  State  papers  is  preserved  a  document  in  Salisbury's  hand- 

^'ting,  and  dated  Dec  16,  only  a  few  days  previously  to  the  report  above-named.     This  document 

probably  contains  most  of  the  committee's  report,  and  is  an  evidence  that  the  great  minister 

^^UDself  had  shaped  out  herein  his  own  ideas  in  connection  with  one  or  two  points  of  the  all- 

*korbing  work.      The  contents  are  headed — Lottery  Suggested  for  Proportions  in  the    Ulster 

^ntation^  and  are  as  follows  : — "  A  course  for  division  of  that  which  is  surveyed,  in  which  these 

tWngs  may  be  avoided.     First,  there  must  be  several  sorts  of  proportions.     Next,  some  course 

ivould  be  taken  that  English  and  Scottish  may  be  placed  both  near  and  woven  one  within  another. 

Thirdly,  that  the  English  and  Scottish  be  next  to  rivers.     The  Irish  on  the  plains.     The  captains 

and  servitors  on  the  borders,  and  near  the  Irish.     The  manner  [of  distribution]  to  be  by  lottery, 

viz.,  all  the  lands  proportioned  [/>.,  divided  into  proportions  of  three  sizes]  to  be  put  in  several 

scrolls.    Those  scrolls  to  be  wrapped  in  wax  balls  of  three  bigness  [sizes].     In  the  big  [the  largest] 

the  best  proportion,  and  so  on  in  order.     All  these  balls  to  be  put  into  one  box.     In  Tyrone  there 

are  nme  great  proportions  of  2,000  acres  each  ;  1 2  middle,  of  1,500  acres  each  ;  and  38  small,  of 

1,000 acres  each;  in  all  59  proportions.     Of  ecclesiastical  lands  to  the  bishops  [in  Tyrone]  13,200 

acres.    Proportions  37.     Of  these  37  proportions,  5,040  [acres]  allotted  to  incumbents  [in  Tyrone]. 

The  bishops  say  this  last  portion  is  taken  from  them,  and  therefore  moved  that  a  petition  may  be 

deposited  till  that  be  cleared" — in  other  words  until  it  could  be  arranged  how  the  bishops  were  to 

be  compensated  for  the  loss  thus  incurred  of  lands  for  incumbents  or  working  clergy.     This  must 

have  been  considered  one  of  the  important  questions  mooted  in  the  foregoing  plan,  as  the  paper  is 

endorsed — "  Memorial  for  Ireland  concerning  the  plantation.     Bishops'  alienation."    There  is  also 

another  document  preserved  in  the  same  collection,  dated  after  the  20th  of  December,  and 

contaming  objections  to  the  assignment  of  lands  by  lottery,  except  under  certain  circumstances. 

These  objections  are  headed — A  View  of  Irish  Plantation^  and  are  supposed  to  have  been  drawn 

op  by  Sir  John  Davys.     But  the  writer,  whoever  he  may  have  been,  whilst  suggesting  the  best 

method,  in  his  opinion,  of  locating  the  several  classes  of  undertakers,  and  the  best  policy  to  be 


76 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


carried  out  in  reference  to  the  whole  scheme,  proposed  also  to  extend  the  plantation  to  the  entiie 
province  of  Ulster.  This  proposal  could  hardly  have  been  made  by  Davys,  for  no  one  knew  better 
than  he  that  three  of  the  counties,  namely,  Antrim,  Down,  and  Monaghan  had  already  been 
settled,  and  could  not,  therefore,  be  included  in  the  plantation  then  to  be  commenced  (lo). 

No  time  was  lost,  however,  in  submitting  to  Chichester  the  miniature  project  for  the  plantation  of 
Tyrone,  for  on  the  17th  January,  1608-9,  the  council  in  London  wrote  to  him  as  follows  : — ^**Thc 
King  has  lately  attended  in  person  two  meetings  of  the  council  for  the  further  consideration  of  the 
plantation  of  the  fugitives'  lands,  and  other  escheated  lands  in  Ulster,  the  work  being  of  great 
importance,  and  fraught  with  expected  benefit  to  the  kingdom.  The  project  for  the  settlement  of 
Tyrone,  of  which  a  copy  was  lately  sent  to  him  [Chichester],  by  the  Attorney  for  Ireland  [Davys, 
then  in  London] ;  and  the  proportion  allotted  for  servitors  was  so  highly  approved  of  that  it  was 
resolved  to  follow  the  same  in  the  other  escheated  lands.  He  is  directed  to  make  an  estimate  of 
the  number  of  servitors  to  be  provided  for,  not  doubting  but  that,  recollecting  the  place  is  large  and 
fertile,  it  is  likely  to  attract  many  suitors."  The  servitors,  with  few  exceptions,  were  military  officers^ 
and  were  already  quite  alive  to  their  own  interests  in  this  important  business,  claiming  favourable 
terms  from  the  government  in  return  for  their  own  generally  lengthened  and  useful  services.  Many 
of  the  leading  servitors  had  long  since  besought  Chichester  for  licenses  to  go  to  London,  that  they 
might  there  personally  urge  their  several  claims,  but  for  so  far,  he  took  credit  to  himself  for  being 
able  to  quiet  them  by  the  assurance  that  their  interests  would  not  be  overlooked  Writing  to  the 
council  in  London,  the  deputy  entreats  that  body  to  enable  him  fully  and  faithfully  "  to  perform 
towards  them  [the  servitors]  according  to  this  assurance."  His  good  opinion  of  these  applicants  as 
undertakers  he  conveys  generally  by  the  assertion  that  "they  are  good  and  deserving  men,*  and 
"the  fittest  and  best  assured  men  to  make  the  plantation  good  (n)."   In  the  meantime,  Chichester 


(10).  To  b€  commenced,—  The  county  of  Antrim  was 
divided  principally  among  a  few  proprietors,  namely.  Sir 
Randal  Macdonnell,  Sir  Arthur  Cnichester,  Sir  Fulke 
Conway,  the  O'Neills  of  Shane's  Castle,  the  Clotworthys 
of  Af assereene,  the  McQuillens  of  Chinagherty,  the  Hills 
of  Island  Magee,  the  Langfords  of  Muckamore,  and  a 
few  other  smaller  holders.  The  county  of  Down  had 
already  been  settled  by  the  Bagenalls  of  Newry,  the 
Montgomerys  of  the  Ards,  the  Hamiltons  of  Killileagh 
and  &mgor,  and  the  Hills  of  Plill-Hall  and  Hillsborough. 
The  settlement  of  the  county  of  Monaghan  has  been 
already  referred  to  at  pp.  51,  52.  It  may  be,  however, 
observed  that  the  writer  of  A  View  of  Irish  PlantoHcn^ 
when  urging  the  extension  of  the  scheme  to  all  Ulster, 
only  recommended  the  adoption  throughout  the  whole 
nine  counties  of  one  uniform  plan  of  measurement,  rents, 
tenures,  letting,  and  general  management  of  land. 

(11).  To  make  the  plantation  good, — The  names  of 
these  choice  servitors,  and  of  the  places  they  wished  to 
settle,  were  forwarded  some  months  afterwards  by  the 
deputy,  through  Sir  Thomas  Ridgeway,  the  treasurer  at 
war.  The  following  is  a  copy  of  the  document  sent  on 
that  occasion,  which  indicates  the  several  persons  of 
whom  he  had  already  spoken  to  warmly  above : — "  Re- 


membrances in  the  behalf  of  persons  of  quality  to  be 
recommended  to  his  Majesty  and  the  Lords  of  the 
Council,  in  such  suits  as  they  have  to  propound,  which 
they  would  have  done  in  person,  had  he  [Cnichester]  not 
stayed  them  from  troublinghis  Majesty,  upon  promise  to 
be  a  mediator  for  them.  That  such  men  of  qualitr  here 
as  will  undertake  the  planting  a  barony  of  the  r^nratt^ 
lands  in  Ulster  may  be  thereto  admitted ;  for  if  they  can 
draw  friends  unto  them  out  of  England  or  Scotland,  th^ 
are  the  most  likelv  men  to  perform  the  conditions.  Sv 
Gerrott  \GercUd?\  Moore^  tor  Upper  Orior,  or  part  of 
O'Nealan.  Sir  Oliver  St.  John,  Sir  Jamus  PtrroU^  Sir 
Thomas  WHliams^  and  others  that  they  will  draw  onto 
them,  for  the  county  of  Lower  Orior;  Sir  Oliver Letm- 
bertf  for  the  barony  of  in  Fermanagh,  who  ofiiErs 

good  conditions;  for  a  strong  and  defensible  town, 
erected  in  a  fit  and  convenient  place  within  the  barasy, 
and  two  or  three  castles  built  opoQ  the  straightB  and 
passages,  are  more  available  for  the  service  and  defeaoe 
of  the  countnr  than  twenty  elsewhere  for  pkaswrc  m 
profit  .Sir  ReUph  Bingiey  and  friends,  for  the  baioniy 
of  Kilmacrenan,  whidi  is  a  very  remote  and  bancn 
country;  he  offers  good  conditions  for  the  plantatioB 
thereof  .  .  .  and  few  others  will  undertake  it  upon 
the  like  consideration,  for  a  stranger  will  be  hsrdly 


THE   ORDERS   AND   CONDITIONS   OF    PLANTATION. 


n 


was  allowed  to  remain  under  the  uncomfprtable  impression  that  his  '  Notes  of  remembrances,'  which 
he  had  drawn  up  with  so  much  care,  and  of  which  he  was  evidently  proud,  had  gone  for  nothing  in 
the  hands  of  those  to  idiom  they  were  specially  sent  In  a  letter  to  the  Earl  of  Northampton,  a  leading 
member  of  the  council,  the  deputy  states  that  he  had  sent  '*  by^Sir  James  Ley  and  Sir  John  Davys, 
|i  brief  account  of  the  escheated  lands,  but  either  it  was  not  perused  or  not  understood,  for  he  hears 
that  their  lordships  [the  members  of  council]  complained  that  no  scheme  was  sent  to  guide  them 
in  the  form  of  the  plantation.  If  he  were  thoroughly  informed  of  their  wishes  as  to  the  ordering  of 
the  plantation,  no  one  would  \>e  more  zealous,  nor  have  better  power  to  give  them  furtherance/' 
To  Salisbury,  he  mentions  in  a  letter  sent  about  the  same  time,  that  he  had  forwarded  a  "  discourse, 
giving  an  account  of  the  Ulster  lands  in  each  county,  and  explaining  the  reason  why  he  did  not 
send  an  exact  project"  This  complaint  on  the  part  of  the  council  was,  in  truth,  most  unreasonable, 
the  deputy  having  amply  performed  his  part  by  supplying  an  abundance  of  materials,  together  with 
HQ  admirable  outline  of  a  project  (see  pp.  68,  69),  leaving  it  free  to  the  council  to  fill  up  his  outline,  or 
put  forward  an  original  plan  of  their  own  with  the  assistance  of  those  master-hands,  I>ey  and  Davys. 
Had  Chichester  ventured  further  in  the  first  instance,  he  might  probably  have  had  to  endure  an 
infliction  in  the  shape  of  snubbing  more  disagreeable  than  this  complaint  of  the  council,  which  was 
evidendy  expressed  in  the  most  general  or  indefinite  terms.     He  did  not  fail  afterwards,  as  we  shall 

Me,  to  return  the  compliment,  in  the  shape  of  practical  criticisms  on  certain  of  the  council's  orders 

Mul  conditions  for  plantation. 

The  letters,  of  which  the  foregoing  are  extracts,  were  written  by  Chichester  early  in  February, 
160S-9,  ^nd  before  he  had  as  yet  received  a  copy  of  the  '  orders  and  conditions'  sent  to  him  at 
some  date  about  the  end  of  January  or  beginning  of  the  following  month.  This  well-known 
document,  the  materials  of  which  had  been  for  some  time  arranged  and  in  readiness  for  use,  was 
simply  an  expansion  of  the  plantation  committee's  report,  of  December  20,  relative  to  the  division 
and  distribution  of  lands  in  the  county  Tyrone.  It  is  curious  that  the  copy  of  these  *  orders  and 
conditions'  preserved  among  the  State  papers  is  without  date ;  but,  from  a  letter  written  by 
Chichester,  on  the  12th  of  February,  it  is  evident  that  the  copy  must  have  been  printed  later  than 
^  17th  of  January.  In  that  letter,  he  acknowledged  the  council's  communication  of  the  date  last 
mentioned,  which  informed  him,  as  already  stated,  that  the  King  had  so  decidedly  approved  of  the 
^  project  relating  to  Tyrone ;  and  he  further  stated  in  reply  to  the  council  that  "  until  the 
project  [including  the  other  counties]  come  over  in  print,  which  is  here  generally  noised  to  be 


drawn  thither.      Sir  Henry  FoUiott  having  lately  pur- 
chased the  .abbey  of  Assheroe  of  Mr.  Auditor  Gofton, 
And  Bdlicke  of  some  other  patentee,  was  suitor  for  the 
csstle  of  Ballyshannon  and  Bundrowes,  with  their  ad- 
jonung  lands,  which  generally  lie  between  the  two  castles 
now  named,  and  which,  with  the  castles,  he  [Chichester] 
recommendstobegrantedinfeefarm  to  Folliott.   Sir Foulke 
C^tnboy  will  undertake  Braslowe  (see  p.  8),  which  borders 
opoo  hislandsof  Killultagh;  those  two  countries  are  a  strong 
IhttPfts,  and  have  been  a  den  of  rebels,  and  as  thievish  a 
ccfasiTj  as  any  in  Ulster.    He  [Chichester]  would  have  Sir 
To^  Cauljidd  undertake  Clancan  [on  the  southern  shore 


of  Lough  Neagh],  and  Sir  Francis  Roe  Munterdevlin, 
and  such  other  lands  adjoining  to  their  forts  as  is  con- 
venient for  them.  These  gentlemen  are  of  ability,  tuid 
can  give  good  furtherance  to  the  plantation,  if  they  may 
be  encouraged  to  undertake  those  fast  countries  upon 
reasonable  conditions.  Captain  Henry  Skifwith  is  an 
humble  suitor  for  Cullmactrean  and  the  18  quarters  of 
land  thereto  belonging ;  and  Sir  Farr  Lane  desires  to 
be  his  neighbour  there ;  and  so  does  .Sir  Thomas  Chi- 
chester^ and  others,  seek  for  lands  iibout  those  parts, 
because  it  joins  so  near  his  [Chichester's]  lands  of  Enish- 
owen,  more  than  for  the  goodness  of  the  soil" 


78  THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

prepared  for  that  purpose,  few  will  resolve  what  to  do,  albeit  the  most  part  of  the  servitors  anc 
others  here  have  heretofore  earnestly  importuned  to  have  shares  there,  but  doubting,  as  they  sa] 
that  their  purses  will  not  answer  their  minds  for  planting  those  lands  according  to  the  '  conditions 
to  be  laid  down,  they  will  see  the  printed  copy  before  they  will  resolve  further,  after  which  he  wil 
hasten  the  names  of  those  that  intend  to  set  up  their  fortunes  in  the  plantation  and  settlement  o 
that  country."  In  this  extract,  it  will  be  observed  that  Chichester  speaks  of  the  *  project'  am 
'  conditions'  of  plantation  as  if  both  were  to  be  included  in  the  same  document,  and  probably  sud 
was  the  case  in  the  rough  drafts  originally  made.  But  these  documents  assumed  new  and  men 
imposing  forms,  for  whilst  the  deputy  was  expecting  some  embodiment  of  both,  he  received,  on  tlM 
6th  of  March,  1608-9,  a  copy,  not  of  the  Project,  but  of  its  precursor,  carefully  drawn  up  anc 
entitled  Collection  of  such  Orders  and  Conditions  as  are  to  be  observed  by  the  Undertakers  upon  th 
Distribution  and  Plantation  of  the  Escheated  Lands  in  Ulster,  The  receipt  of  this  most  importan 
document  was  acknowledged  by  the  deputy  on  the  loth  of  March.  In  doing  so,  he  states  that  hi 
had  ''  received  with  other  letters  that  arrived  on  the  6th  instant,  the  printed  books  formei): 
promised  by  their  lordships  [the  council]  containing  the  orders  and  conditions  for  the  intende; 
plantation  of  Ulster,  much  amended  in  some  points  and  in  many  respects,  compared  with  ths 
other  first  project  drawn  by  some  of  the  privy  council  of  this  realm  [especially  by  Ley  and  Dav]^ 
prominent  members  of  the  plantation  committee]  for  the  plantation  of  the  county  of  Tyrone  onlgi 
On  receiving  his  copy  of  this  Tract,  Chichester,  among  other  matters,  informed  the  councfl 
London  that  he  had  "  published  it  everywhere,  to  as  many  as  may  best  impart  his  Majesb 
intentions  therein,  and  to  all  others  to  whom  it  may  appertain.  What  this  will  work  in  the  mic 
of  many  here  is  not  yet  known  ;  but  the  other  manuscript  [containing  the  project  relating  to  Tyres 
only]  introduced  only  two  men  likely  to  undertake  lands  and  to  perform  the  conditions.  Thot:^ 
this  other  is  more  to  be  approved,  being  more  large  as  to  the  manner  it  is  set  down,  yet  he  foresea 
great  difficulties  likely  to  arise  to  hinder  this  plantation.'' 

IV. 

The  following  is  a  true  copy  of  the  'Collection'  above-named,  the  text  of  which  is  printed  im 
Harris's  Hibemicay  1770,  pp.  123-130  : — 

Whereas  the  greatest  part  of  six  counties  in  the  province  of  Ulster,  within  the  Realme  xA 
Ireland,  named  Ardmagh,  Tyrone,  Colrane,  Donegall,  Fermanagh,  and  Cavan,  being  escheated 
and  come  to  the  crown,  hath  lately  been  surveyed,  and  the  survey  thereof  transmitted  to  his 
Majesty  :  upon  view  whereof  his  Majesty  of  his  princely  Bounty,  not  respecting  his  own  Profit,  bm 
the  publick  Peace  and  Welfare  of  that  Kingdom,  by  the  civil  Plantation  of  those  unreformed  anc 
waste  countries,  is  graciously  pleased  to  distribute  the  said  Lands  to  such  of  his  Subjects,  as  wd 
of  Great  Britain  as  of  Ireland,  as  being  of  Merit  and  Ability  shall  seek  the  same,  with  a  mind  no 
only  to  benefit  themselves  but  to  do  service  to  the  crown  and  commonwealth. 

And  forasmuch  as  many  persons,  being  ignorant  of  the  conditions  whereupon  his  Majesty  i 
pleased  to  grant  the  said  Land,  are  importunate  suitors  for  greater  portions  than  they  are  aUe  ti 


THE   ORDERS   AND   CONDITIONS   OF   PLANTATION. 


79 


plant  (12),  intending  their  private  Profit  only,  and  not  the  Advancement  of  the  Publick  Service :  it 
^  thought  convenient  to  declare  and  publish  to  all  his  Majesty's  subjects  the  several  Quantities  of 
fte  Proportions  which  shall  be  distributed,  the  several  sorts  of  undertakers,  the  manner  of  Allotment, 
the  Estates,  the  Rents,  the  Tenures,  with  other  Articles  to  be  observed  as  well  on  his  Majesty's 
behalf,  as  on  the  behalf  of  the  undertakers,  in  manner  and  form  following : — 

Firsf.  The  Proportions  of  Land  to  be  distributed  to  Undertakers  shall  be  of  three  different 
Quantities,  consisting  of  sundry  parcels  or  precincts  (13)  of  Land,  called  by  certain  Irish  names 
ino^wi  in  the  several  Counties,  viz.,  Ballibetaghs,  Quarters,  Ballyboes,  Tathes,  and  Polles  (14) ; 
the  first  or  least  Proportion  to  contain  such  or  so  many  of  the  said  Parcels  as  shall  make  up  a 
^ousand  English  Acres  at  the  least ;  the  second  or  middle  Proportion  to  contain  such  or  so  many 
yf  tlie  Parcels  as  shall  make  up  fifteen  hundred  English  Acres  at  the  least ;  and  the  last  or  greatest 
i'l'oportion  to  contain  such  or  so  many  of  the  Parcels  as  shall  make  up  two  thousand  English  Acres 
t  tlie  least  (15) ;  to  every  of  which  Proportions  shall  be  allowed  such  Quantity  of  Bog  and  Wood, 
3  ^Iie  country  shall  conveniently  afford. 


C  V2).  AMf  to  plant. — Although  Lord  Audley  was  not 
^exluips  among  those  here  referred  to,  as  he  had  not  then 
ziaidc  any  formal  offer  for  lands,  yet  he  was  a  good  illus- 
tration of  the  class  who  were  ready,  if  permitted,  to 
QUidcrtake  much  more  than  they  could  nave  possibly 
mjLnaged.     Lord  Audley*s  proposal,  dated  July  10,  1609, 
'vraLS  addressed  to  the  commissioners  for  Irish  causes,  and 
stipulates  for  a  grant  of  100,000  acres,   which  he  was 
^vulingto  undert^e  on  the  following  conditions  : — "  I. 
The  loo^ooo  acres  to  be  in  Tyrone,  or  the  adjoining 
uauts  of  Armagh,  excepting  lands  allotted  to  forts,  col- 
l^gie,  free  schools,  hospitals,    and  natives.      2.  He  will 
^Sm6t  the  100,000  acres  into  33  parts,  on  which  he  will 
hoild  33  castles  and  as  many  towns.     To  each  castle  he 
will  assign  600  acres,  and  to  each  town  2,400  acres, 
which  town  shall  consist  of  at  least  30  families,   com- 
prising foot  soldiers,  artificers,  and  cottagers,  with  allot- 
pcnts  of  land  to  each.     3.  He  will  pay  the  rent  expressed 
in  the  articles,  533/.  or.  &/.  for  100,000  acres,  the  first 
^f*year  to  be  paid  Michaelmas  come  four  years.     4. 
He  will  perform  the  building  within  four  years.     5.  He 
prays  that  of  the  33  towns,  six  may  be  market  towns, 
^  one  incorporate,  with  two  fairs  yearly,  and  one  fair 
J^y  in  each  market  town.     6.  He  is  content  to  have 
only  the  advowsons  within  his  own  territories.     7.  He 
J^«s,  within  five  hianors,  felons*  goods,  outlaws*  and 
ngitives'  [goods],  felons  of  themselves,  waife  and  strays, 
conrt  lect,  and  court  baron.     8.  He  desires  license  freely 
to  erect  irons  mills,  to  make  iron  and  glass,  and  sow 
woad  within  his  own  land,  for  41  years.     9.  Lord  Audley 
And  his  son  are  content  jointly  to  assure  land  of  1000/. 
faloe  on  recognizance  to  his  Majesty  for  the  performance 
of  the  conditions  ;  the  bond  to  be  cancelled  at  the  end 
of  £?e  years  on  the  lord  deputy's  certificate  of  the  fulfil- 
ment of  the  conditions.      Lastly,   the  great  woods  of 
Glanconkeyne,   Killetro,  and  Slutart,   and  others,  are 
reserved  to  his  Majesty.     All  these,  together  with  all  the 
printed  articles  not  repugnant  to  these,  he  undertakes  to 
perform,  and  he  desires  that  they  be  transmitted  to  the 
lord  deputy  for  his  consideration  and  approval,  or  dis- 


approval     Signed,  G,  AuddayJ** 

(13).  Precincts, — In  plantation  speech,  the  term  Pre- 
cinct will  be  found,  in  almost  every  instance,  to  denote  a 
large  sweep  of  land  corresponding  in  size  to  our  modem 
barony.  The  precinct,  as  thus  understood,  was  composed 
of  several  proportions,  and  the  latter  in  turn  were  each 
made  up  of  very  many  parcels,  or  small  measures  of 
land,  bearing  different  names  throughout  nearly,  if  not 
all,  the  six  several  counties. 

(14).  And  Potles.^-Thcsc  several  Irish  land-measures 
will  be  explained  in  connexion  with  the  counties  where 
they  most  generally  prevailed. 

(15).  At  the  least. — Although  in  his  first  advice  on 
plantation  matters,  Chichester  warned  the  King  and  his 
council  against  giving  away  the  escheated  lands  too 
liberally  to  any  applicants,  lest  some  might  be  found  too 
much  to  'overtop*  others,  he  aftewards  felt,  on  seeing 
these  'Orders  and  Conditions,*  that  his  recommendation 
had  been  misunderstood,  or  at  least  too  literally  inter- 
preted. His  ideas  had  probably  undergone  a  change  when 
he  began  to  find  out  the  class  of  persons  who  were  eagerly 
pressing  for  the  possession  of  lanos  as  ulidertakers  ;  and  he 
afterwards  recommended  that  these  lands  should  be 
distributed  in  baronies  to  a  smaller  number  of  great 
and  distinguished  servitors,  with  the  addition  perhaps  of 
a  few  Ei^lish  and  Scottish  noblemen.  Whilst  depre- 
cating at  first  the  plan  of  the  Munster  plantation,  which 
was  too  lavish  in  the  distribution  of  lands,  and  too  care- 
less in  locating  the  Irish,  he  thought  that  by  duly  pre- 
venting the  recurrence  of  the  latter  evil,  he  might  adopt 
the  system  of  laree  grants  with  safety  and  greater  success 
in  Ulster.  In  his  criticisms  on  the  'Orders  and  Con- 
ditions,' this  point  was  introduced  before  any  other. 
"  FirsV' ssiys  he,  in  a  communication  dated  March  10, 
1608-9,  concerning  the  quantities  of  the  proportions  to 
be  distributed,  "  it  is  true  that  by  former  letters  he  had 
generally  advised  and  wished  that  the  lands  might  be 
divided  and  passed  to  as  many  particular  persons,  and 
into  as  many  small  parcels  (to  be  held  in  free  estates) 


8o 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


Secondly,  The  Persons  of  the  Undertakers  of  the  several  Proportions  shall  be  of  three  soits^ 
viz.,  I.  English  or  Scottish,  as  well  servitors  as  others,  who  are  to  plafit  their  portions  with  English, 
or  inland  Scottish  inhabitants  (i6).  2.  Servitors  of  the  kingdom  of  Ireland,  who  may  take  meer 
Irish,  English,  or  inland  Scottish  Tenants  at  their  Choice.  3.  Natives  of  Ireland  who  are  to  be 
made  freeholders. 

Thirdly,  His  Majesty  will  reserve  unto  himself  the  appointment  in  what  county  every  Under- 
taker shall  have  his  Portion.  But  to  avoid  Emulation  and  Controversy,  %hich  would  arise  amoi^ 
them,  if  every  Man  should  choose  his  Place  where  he  would  be  planted,  his  Majest/s  Pieasare  is 
that  the  Scites  or  Places  of  their  Portions  in  every  county  shall  be  distributed  by  Lot  {17). 

Lastly,  The  Several  Articles  ensuing  are  to  be  observed,  as  well  on  behalf  of  his  Majesty,  is 
of  the  Several  Undertakers  respectively. 

Articles  concerning  the  English  and  Scottish  Undertakers^  who  are  to  plant  their  portions  with 
English  and  Scottish  Tenants. 

1.  His  Majesty  is  pleased  to  grant  Estates  in  Fee-Farm  to  them  and  their  Heirs. 

2,  They  shall  yearly  yield  unto  his  Majesty,  for  every  Proportion  of  a  thousand  Acres,  Fhrc 
Pounds  Six  Shillings  and  Eight  Pence  English,  and  so  rateably  for  the  greater  Proportions^  which 
is  after  the  rate  of  Six  Shillings  and  Eight  Pence  for  every  three  score  English  Acres.  But  none  of 
the  said  Undertakers  shall  pay  any  Rent,  until  the  Expiration  of  the  first  two  years  (18),  except  the 
Natives  of  Ireland  who  are  not  subject  to  the  Charge  of  Transportation. 


as  conveniently  might  suffice  every  man ;  the  which  he 
has  found  in  some  sort  to  be  observed  in  this  project ; 
yet  he  prays  their  lordships  to  understand  that  he  meant  it 
not  to  be  in  the  arithmetical  proportion  or  popular  equality, 
which  is  here  laid,  but  rather  to  have  held  much  more  of 
that  other  proportion  of  distributive  justice  which  was  an- 
ciently held  m  the  partition  of  common  treasure  and 
lands  conquered,  and  which  alwap  respected  every  man*s 
particular  well-doings,  merits,  and  quality,  as  duly  apper- 
taining to  every  one  in  terms  of  right  The  wisdom  and 
good  discretion  to  be  used  in  the  well  mixinc;  and  tem- 
pering of  these  two  proportions,  is  the  only  thin^  which 
can  produce  that  content  and  harmony  which  is  to  be 
wished  in  this  plantation." 

(16).  Inhabitants, — ^These  inland  Scots  were  supposed 
to  be  a  more  desirable  race  for  plantation  purposes  than 
the  inhabitants  of  the  northern  and  western  coasts  of 
Scotland,  who  had  been  kept,  from  their  position,  as 
restless  as  the  waves  around  them.  The  term  inland  has 
since  given  place  to  the  more  appropriate  one  of  lowland^ 
as  descriptive  of  those' cannie'  Scots  who  came  princi- 
pally from  the  counties  of  Ayr,  Renfrew,  and  Dum- 
barton. 

(17).  By  lot, — This  arrangement  was  adopted  simply 
on  the  suggestion  of  Chichester,  as  expr^sed  in  nis 
'Notes.'  He  at  first,  however,  recommended  this 
nethod  of  distribution  only  in  general  terms,  and  soon 
saw  reason  to  modify  his  original  idea.  When  criticising 
the  'Orders  and  Conditions '  afterwards, — on  the  loth 
of  March,  1608-9, — he  notices  this  contemplated  arrange- 
ment at  much  length,  giving,  among  other  reasons  for  its 
modification,  the  following  : — "Another  notable  incon- 


&r 


venience;  which  he  has  lately  found  and  considered  of  m. 
this  manner  of  allotment,  is,  that  kindred,  friends,  aad 
acQuaintance,  who  otherwise  for  their  mutual  comfeft 
ana  supportation  shall  afifect  and  purpose  to  dwdl 
together,  will  by  this  means  [distribution  by  lot]  be 
separated  asunder.  These  considerations,  and 
otners,  do,  in  his  judgment,  make  this  manner  of 
at  large  very  improper  for  them.  But  if  his  Majesty 
their  Lordships  shall  hold  it  convenient  to  stand  as  a 
public  act,  it  should  then  be  considered  what  plaocf  m. 
each  county  are  fittest  to  be  inhabited  by  the  new  onder^ 
takers ;  and  therein  the  principal  seats  ought  to  be  will 
chosen,  for  the  two  first  sorts  of  them  [the  ondertaken], 
both  in  consideration  of  State  and  for  their  private  aatit- 
factions,  that  none  may  be  justly  displeased  with  the  lot 
of  their  inheritance  in  the  county  where  they  shall  afiect 
to  dwell,  which  he  must  conceive  to  be  their  Lordships' 
intention ;  as  this  was  his  meaning  when  he  first  gaie 
that  advice."  Chichester's  later  and  more  matured  Tiew 
of  this  matter  was  finally  adopted.  In  eadi  county  oer^ 
tain  baronies  were  set  apart  for  the  English  alonc^  and 
others  for  the  Scotch  alone.  Lots  were  then  cast  by 
English  for  proportions  in  an  Enslish  barony,  and  by 
Scotch  for  proportions  in  a  Scotdi  barony ; — so  that 
friends  and  neighbours  who  came  from  the  same 
in  England  and  Scotland  would  thus  dwell  near 
other  in  the  same  baronies ;  the  lot-casting  having 
ence  only  to  the  lands  of  individual  baronies. 

(18).  T\oo  years, — Thus,  the  Crown  rents  charged  to 
English  and  Scottish  undertakers,  and  ako,  as  we  sbill 
see,  to  such  servitors  as  would  plant  EngUsh  and  Scot- 
tish tenants  on  their  lands,  was  fixed  at  six  shillinn  and 


THE   ORDERS   AND   CONDITIONS   OF    PLANTATION. 


»I 


3.  Every  Undertaker  of  so  much  land  as  shall  amount  to  the  greatest  Proportion  of  two 
thousand  Acres,  or  thereabouts,  shall  h^ld  the  same  by  knight's  service  in  capite  (19) ;  and 
every  Undertaker  of  so  much  Land  as  shall  amount  to  the  middle  Proportion  of  fifteen 
hundred  Acres,  or  thereabouts,  shall  hold  the  same  by  knight's  service,  as  of  the  Castle  of  Dublin 
(20).  And  every  Undertaker  of  so  much  land  as  shall  amount  to  the  least  Proportion  of  a  thousand 
Acres  or  thereabouts,  shall  hold  the  same  in  Common  Soccage  (21) ;  And  there  shall  be  no  Ward- 
ships upon  the  two  first  descents  of  that  land  (22). 


dgfatpence  for  every  60  acres,  or  less  than  three  halfpence 
per  acre.  But  every  acre  even  at  this  nominal  rent  was 
choice  land  ready  for  immediate  cropping,  whilst  muir- 
landsy  grounds  covered  with  underwood,  and  even  upland 
pastures,  were  marked  off  as  '  unprofitable/  and  handed 
over  to  each  proportion  or  estate  g^tuitously — rent  free. 
Well  might  Chichester,  in  his  strictures,  admit  that  **  the 
rents  are  not  justly  to  be  excepted  against,  for  it  appears 
plainly,  as  his  Majesty  graciously  professes,  that  of  his 
princdy  bounty,  he  does  not  respect  his  own  profit 
therein,  but  the  public  peace  and  welfare  of  his  king- 
doms  and  subjects  ;  only  the  time  of  freedom  is  generally 
thought  to  be  too  ^ort."  But  the  time  of  freedom  from 
rent-paying  was  eventually  lengthened  from  two  to  four 

years,  so  that  the  cause  of  complaint  in  this  matter  was 

soon  removed. 

I19).  In  capite, — Chichester,  who  was  himself  so  deeply 
interested  in  securing  his  immense  lands  by  the  simplest 
and  most  advantageous  tenure,  entirely  sympathised  with 
tbe  objections  of  the  undertakers  against  tne  oppressive 
fnkbl  tenure  known  as   'knight's  service,*  which  would 
^t  imposed  duties  and  exactions  compared  with  which 
wen  the  'cuttings'  of  Irish  chiefs  were  but  as  *  child's  play.  * 
Tbetenore  known  as  knight's  service,  although  once  con- 
^deredthe  most  honourable,  had,  before  Chichester's  time, 
^wome  very  unpopular  even  among  the  representatives 
of  those  Norman  nobles  by  whom  it  was  originally  intro- 
duced into  these  kingdoms.     For  by  it  the  grantee  was 
I'wnd  to  perform  *the  service  of  a  knight  to  the  king,*  an 
oUigatioQ  which,  in  most  cases,  was  impracticable ;  and 
*^  so,  the  conditions  of  this  tenure  imposed  a  ruinous 
**pwse  in  providing  substitutes.     But  _  what   was  even 
^one,  and  more  oppressive,  the  grantee  was  subjected  to 
^'■noQs  other  impositions  and  indignities,  amongst  which 
^^stiBordihip  and  marriage.     Wardship  was  simply  a 
power  Tested  in  the  King  to  plunder  minors,  which  power 
the  Kmg  had  the  right  to  sell  to  others,  who  performed 
their  work  of  enriching  themselves  at  the  expense  of  their 
"^nis  without  scruple.     Marriage  meant  the  right  of  the 
King  to  provide  wives  or  husbands  for  his  wards,  as  the 
case  might  be,  if  under  age.     This  privilege,  also,  the 
JCinig  invariably  sold  to  ^vouritesj  and  the  latter,   in 
thdrown  interests,  most  generally  practised  deceptions 
m  pnmding  matches  for  those  thus  cruelly  handed  over 
to  their  keeping.     The   Ulster  undertakers,    however, 
were  eventually  exempt  from  the  evils  threatened  by  the 
jproposal  of  this  tenure,  and  they  were  so  exempted,  no 
doaot,    on    account    of   the    powerful    intervention    of 
Cbichester.      In   hb    criticism    on    this    point,    in  the 
'Orders  and  Conditions,'  he  says : — "But  as  to  the  tenure 
by   knight's   service  in  capite   and    of   the    Castle    of 
L 


Dublin,  every  man  regards  that  as  the  hardest  and 
most  unfit  condition  that  may  be ;  for  which  reason 
they  cast  off  all  thoughts  of  acceptance  of  such  por- 
tions. And  this  the  rather,  because  all  grants  of  lands 
in  Leinster  ever  since  his  Majesty's  time  have  been 
passed  in  free  and  common  soccage.  Moreover,  the 
undertakers  in  Munster,  who  have  greater  benefits  of  sun, 
sea,  and  land,  and  who  there  found  castles  and  houses 
in  great  numbers  ready  built,  hold  by  no  other  tenure. 
Of  these  two,  men  make  a  precedent  in  this  ;  as  also 
concerning  the  right  of  transporting  all  commodities 
growing  and  rising  out  of  the  lands,  as  the  undertakers 
of  Munster  may,  by  their  letters  patent,  do." 

(20).  Castle  of  Dublin. — This  class  of  undertakers,  it 
was  arranged,  were  not  to  be  so  heavily  taxed  in  virtue  of 
their  tenure,  as  those  who  were  able  to  undertake  for  a 
greater  portion  of  land.  The  latter  were  to  hold  in 
capite^  or  from  the  head,  meaning  from  the  King  himself, 
which  was  the  kind  of  tenure  supposed  to  be  the  most 
honourable  of  all,  as  it  certainly  entailed  the  greatest 
burdens  ;  whilst  the  second  class  of  imdertakers  were  to 
hold  not  of  the  King,  but  as  of  Dublin  Castle,  which  be- 
longed to  the  King,  but  not  being  so  immediately  the 
source  of  honour  as  his  crown,  was  a  less  expensive 
symbol  from  which  to  hold ;  or,  in  other  words,  it  did 
not  impose  the  same  oppressive  conditions  on  the  grantee, 
and  was  equally  valid  as  a  form  of  tenure.  It  also, 
however,  was  very  objectionable,  often  implying  knight's 
service,  although  not  coupled  with  the  other  grievous 
adjuncts. 

(21).  Common  Soccage, — The  tenure  known  as  soccage 
— from  Soc,  the  French  word  for  the  coulter  or  share  of  a 
plough — implied  originally  certain  services  in  husbandry 
to  be  rendered  by  the  tenant  to  the  lord  of  the  fee.  These 
services  included  not  only  ploughing,  but  making  hedges, 
and  carrying  out  manure  to  the  fields.  But  soccage  is 
now  considered  the  most  desirable  tenure,  because  it 
secures  the  grantee  against  oppressive  exactions.  The 
more  honourable  but  grievous  system  of  knight's  service 
has  been  swept  away,  and  the  laws  providing  for  its 
abolition  have  done  more,  according  to  Blackstone,  for  the 
freedom  of  property  than  Magna  Charta  itself.  See 
Blackstone's  Commentaries,  vol.  ii.,  p.  63  ;  Amos,  English 
Constitution  in  the  Reign  of  Charles  II.,  pp.  209-2x1. 

(22).  Of  that  land.— li  must  have  been  thus  considered 
by  the  framers  of  these  *  Orders  and  Conditions*  a  very 
great  boon  or  favour  for  a  family  to  be  relieved  from  the 
oppression  of  Wardship,  even  for  the  space  of  two  descents. 
Queen  Elizabeth's  well-known  Secretary  of  State,  Sir 
Thomas  Smith,  has  the  following  reference,  in  one  of  his 


82 


THE   PLANTATION   IN   ULSTER. 


4.  Every  Undertaker  of  the  greatest  Proportion  of  two  thousand  Acres  shall,  within  two 
years  after  the  Date  of  his  Letters  Patents,  build  thereupon  a  Castle,  with  a  strong  Court  or  Bawne 
about  it  (23).  And  Every  Undertaker  of  the  Second  or  middle  Proportion  of  fifteen  hundred 
Acres  shall,  within  the  Same  time,  build  a  Stone  or  brick  House  thereupon,  with  a  Strong  Court  or 
Bawne  about  it  And  every  Undertaker  of  the  least  Proportion  of  a  thousand  Acres,  shall,  within 
the  Same  time,  make  thereupon  a  Strong  Court  or  Bawne  at  least  And  all  the  said  Undertakers 
shall  draw  their  Tenants  to  build  Houses  for  themselves  and  their  Families  near  the  principal 
Castle,  House,  or  Bawne,  for  their  mutual  Defence  or  Strength.  And  they  shall  have  Sufficient 
Timber,  by  the  Assignation  of  such  Officers  as  the  Lord  Deputy  and  Council  of  Ireland 
shall  appoint,  out  of  his  Majesty's  Woods  in  that  Province,  for  the  same  Buildings,  without  pa3ring 
anything  for  the  same,  during  the  said  two  Years;  and  to  that  End  there  shall  be  a  present 
Inhibition  to  restrain  the  felling  or  destruction  of  said  Woods  in  the  meantime  for  what  cause 
soever. 

5.  The  said  Undertakers,  their  Heirs  and  Assignes,  shall  have  ready  in  their  Houses  at  all 
Times  a  convenient  Store  of  Arms,  wherewith  they  may  furnish  a  competent  number  of  able  Men 
for  their  Defence  (24),  which  may  be  viewed  and  mustered  every  half-year,  according  to  the  manner 
of  England 


books,  to  this  great  evil  of  feudal  law  : — **Many  men  do 
esteem  wardship  by  knight's  service  contrary  to  nature, 
that  a  freeman  and  gentleman  should  be  bought  and  sold 
like  a  horse  or  an  ox,  and  so  change  guardians  at  first, 
second,  or  third  hand,  as  masters  and  lords.  The  King 
having  so  many  wards,  must  needs  give  or  sell  them,  and 
the  buyer  has  no  natural  care  for  the  infant  [minor],  but  only 
for  his  [the  warder's]  gain  ;  thus  he  will  not  suffer  a  ward  to 
take  any  great  pains,  either  in  study,  or  any  other  har(iness, 
lest  he  should  be  sick  and  die  before  he  hath  married  the 
buyer's  daughter,  sister,  or  cousin,  for  whose  sake  he 
bought  him,  and  then  all  the  money  which  he  paid  for 
him  would  be  lost  The  guardian  doth  but  seek  to  make 
the  most  of  his  ward  as  of  an  ox  or  other  beast." 

(23).  Bawru  about  it, — The  word  bawn  is  the  anglicised 
(oroi oi\h&\x\&Yibo'dhaingan,  or b^hun^  a  'cattle-fortress.' 
It  was  customary  among  the  ancient  Irish  to  construct 
their  bawns  or  cattle-enclosures  near  their  residences  in 
times  of  peace,  and  adjoining  their  encampments  in  times 
of  war.  These  enclosures  were  always  formed  on  a 
certain  well -recognised  plan,  of  trenches  and  banks 
strengthened  by  stakes,  or  most  frequently  by  growing 
hedges,  to  guard  against  the  attacks  of  wolves  and  other 
ravenous  animals,  as  well  as  the  assaults  of  hostile  tribes. 
The  remains  of  these  ancient  Irish  bawns  or  enclosures 
still  exist  numerously  throughout  Ulster,  although  vast 
numbers  of  them  have  been  levelled  by  the  farmers  from 
year  to  year.  The  term  Boaghun  was  invariably  used  in 
former  times  throughout  the  north  and  west  of  Scotland  to 
designate  the  cattle-enclosure  connected  with  each  hamlet 
or  vUiage.  The  time  granted  at  first  to  the  Ulster  under- 
takers tor  the  building  of  their  bawns  and  residences  was 
considered  too  short,  and  Chichester  gives  expression  to 
the  general  complaint  on  this  point  as  follows : — *'Tbe 


next  thing  that  discourages,  and  will  discourage  men  to 
engage  in  this  plantation,  is  the  short  limitation  of  time 
wherein  they  are  enjoined  to  build  their  castles,  houses^ 
and  bawns,  without  distinction  as  to  who  may  dwell 
within  or  near  the  woods,  and  who  may  dwell.ao  miles 
off* ;  nor  yet  of  the  workmen,  who  cannot  be  here  found 
sufficient  for  so  many  and  great  works  at  once  for  any 
price  or  reward.     Wherefore,  this  condition  is  to  lie 
respectively  enlarged  ;  for  they  must  presume  that  eveij 
new  undertaker  will  provide  for  his  own  security  and  tint 
of  his  tenants  with  all  expedition  possible  after  his  ic 
down  upon  the  place  of  his  habitation,  for  which 
should  be  a  certain  time  limited. "    Writing  his  im[ 
on  this  matter  at  a  somewhat  later  date — ^Januaiy,  i609>l0 
— the  deputy  adds : — '*As  for  the  casUes,  stoiehoiaei» 
and  bawns  projected  to  be  built,  such  great  works  cannot 
possibly  be  erected  within  the  limited  time,  especially  in 
the  inland  parts  of  Ulster  ;  in  regard  that  if  money 
ever  so  plentiful,  yet  the  materuds,  victuals,  tools, 
ficers,  workmen,  and  carriages,  cannot  possibly  be 
plied  within  so  short  a  time,  considering  how  many  n 
are  to  be  taken  in  hand  at  once  ;  therefore  four  yetrs 
building  a  castle,  storehouse,  and  bawn,  is  the  least 
that  may  be  allowed  them."    Accordingly,  the  time 
extended  to  four  years  instead  of  two  years,  for ' 
well  as  for  commencing  to  pay  rent. 

(24).   Their  Defence, — On  this  r^ulation  the 
makes  no  comment,  feeling  well  assured,  no  donht, 
the  undertakers  would  not  be  likely  to  iail  in 
whatever  measures  were  required  to  secure  tb 
He  took  it  for  granted,  as  he  had  already  stated, 
referring  to  another  subject,  that  they  "woold 
for  their  own  and  their  tenants'  security  with  all 
expedition."    In  this  matter  of  arms,  the  serritxxs 
would  become  undertakers,  were  alxeady  am  fmt^  ' 


THE   ORDERS   AND   CONDITIONS    OF    PLANTATION. 


83 


6.  Every  of  the  said  Undertakers,  English  or  Scottish,  before  the  ensealing  of  his  Letters 
Patents,  shall  take  the  Oath  of  Supremacy  (25),  either  in  the  Chancery  of  England  or  Ireland,  or 
before  the  Commissioners  to  be  appointed  for  establishing  of  the  Plantation,  and  shall  also  conform 
themselves  in  Religion,  according  to  his  Majesty's  Laws. 

7.  The  said  Undertakers,  their  Heirs  and  Assigns,  shall  not  alien  or  demise  their  Portions, 
or  any  Part  thereof  to  meer  Irish  (26),  or  to  such  Persons  as  will  not  take  the  Oath  which  the  said 
Undertakers  are  bound  to  take  in  the  former  Article.  And  to  that  End  a  Proviso  shall  be  inserted 
in  their  Letters  Patent 

8.  Every  Undertaker  shall,  within  two  years,  plant  or  place  a  competent  number  of  English 
and  Scottish  Tenants  upon  his  Portion,  in  such  manner  as  by  the  Commissioners  to  be  appointed 
for  establishing  of  this  Plantation,  shall  be  prescribed  (27). 

9.  Every  of  the  said  Undertakers  for  the  space  of  five  years  next  after  the  Date  of  his  Letters 
Patents  shall  be  resident  in  Person  himself  upon  his  Portion,  or  place  some  such  other  Person 
thereupon  as  shall  be  allowed  by  the  State  of  England  and  Ireland,  who  shall  be  likewise  resident 
there  during  the  said  five  years,  unless  by  reason  of  sickness,  or  other  important  cause,  he  be 
believed  by  the  deputy  and  council  of  Ireland  to  absent  himself  for  a  time  (28). 


military  officers,  and  having  always  been  in  the  habit  of 

having  their  dwellings  well  stored  with  weapons.     The 

Tcgolation,  however,  which  was  finally  required  on  this 

important  matter  was,  that  each  undertaker  of  2,000  acres 

most  have,    in  his  house  or  castle,   12  muskets  and  12 

caliveis  (short  guns,  or  blunderbusses),  to  arm  24  men  for 

defence  ;  each  undertaker  of  1,500  was  reauired  to  have 

in  store  9  muskets  and  9  calivers ;  whilst  the  undertaker 

of  1,000  acres  was  supposed  to  be  sufficiently  provided,  if 

be  bad  six  of  each  kind. 

(25).  Supremacy. — The  imposition  of  this  oath  was  in- 
tended to  prevent  the  possibihty  of  any  English  or  Scottish 
paipists  getting  into  Ulster  as  undertakers.     By  this  oath 
soch  persons  would  have  been  required  to  renounce  the 
giritual  supremacy  of  the  Pope.     It  was  first  imposed  by 
Henry  VIII.,  in   1537 ;  then  repealed  in  the  third  and 
^^'uih  year  of  Philip  and  Mary ;  and  re-enacted  by  the 
P*iliaincnt  of  Ireland  in  the  2nd  year  of  Elizabeth  (1560). 
Curiously  enough,  the  majority  of  that  Parliament  were 
*^**nuui  Catholics ;  but  they  were  induced  to  yield  to  this 
f*^nd  infliction  upon  themselves  and  their  church  at  large 
^y  a  guarantee  from  the  Deputy  Sussex  that  it  would  be 
J^pt  in  abeyance  !     During  Elizabeth's  reign  the  taking 
Jjfjbis  oath  docs  not  appear  to  have  been  enforced ;  but  in 
***^  reign  of  lames  I.,  the  supremacy  oath  was  exacted 
^*^y  generaihr,  in  addition  to  other  inflictions. 
«  (26).  Meer  Irish, — ^This  *  condition*  was  making  *  surety 
r^bly  sure,*  as  from  an  early  period  of  the  En^ish  rule 
?^  Ireland,  the  'meer  Iridi'  were  prohibited  from  purchas- 
^^  although  the  oppressive  law  had  no  practical  exist- 
^^  anywhere  beyond  the  Pale.     It  remamed,  however, 
**  ^  Statute  Book,  to  be  used  when  and  wherever  it 
^d  be  enforced.     TTiough  the  English  might  take  from 
•*^  Irish,  the  latter  could  not,  either  by  gift  or  purchase, 
***«  any  from  the  English.     The  Rolls  of  Parliament  are 
^vded  with  illustrations  of  this  fact.     In  the  year  161 2, 


Davys  framed  an  act  abolishing  tiiis  distinction,  but  the 
prohibition  against  the  Irish  practically  continued,  for  by 
these  plantation  'orders  and  conditions*  the  English  and 
Scotch  were  forbidden  to  convey  any  lands  taken  from 
the  natives  back  to  the  native  Irish.  Thus,  the  Irish 
were  always  losing,  and  the  English  always  gaining  by 
every  change.  In  the  time  of  the  Commonwealth  this 
oppressive  law  was  not  only  continued,  but  extended  to 
the  whole  nation.  After  the  war  of  1690,  the  English 
Parliament  further  enacted  that  the  Irish  then  were  in- 
capable of  purchasing,  or  holding  even  as  tenants,  any 
quantity  of  land  greater  than  two  acres  ! 

(27).  Prescribed. — In  Chichester's  strictures,  he  did  not 
hesitate  to  pronounce  the  time  thus  allowed  too  short  for 
this  process  of  transplanting,  and  particularlv  as  it  re- 
quired  to  be  undertaken  in  connection  with  otner  tedious 
and  expensive  operations.  The  time,  in  this  instance,  was 
also  extended,  so  as  to  meet  the  wishes  of  undertakers. 

(28).  For  a  time, — The  substitute  for  the  undertaker, 
thus  permitted  on  certain  conditions,  was  in  accordance 
with  sug|[estions  from  Chichester  and  others.  The  deputy 
truly  said  that  "to  tie  men  of  quality  to  be  so  long 
resident  on  the  place  [as  five  years],  may  rather  overthrow 
than  further  the  plantation,  for  no  wise  man  will  be 
bound  to  perform  that  article,  and  some  may  do  it  better 
by  friends  or  substitutes  than  by  themselves.'*  Bacon, 
referring  to  this  point,  in  the  Tract  already  quoted,  sa)rs  : 
— "There  is  a  clause  wherein  the  undertakers  are  re- 
strained that  they  shall  execute  the  plantation  in  person ; 
from  which  I  must  dissent,  if  I  will  consent  with  the 
grounds  I  have  already  taken.  For,  it  is  not  probable 
that  men  of  great  means  and  plentiful  estate  will  endure 
the  travel,  diseasements,  and  adventures  of  going  thither 
in  person ;  but  rather,  I  suppose  many  wul  undertake 
portions  as  an  advancement  of  their  younger  children  or 


84 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER, 


10.  The  said  Undertakers  shall  not  alien  their  Portions  during  five  years  next  after  the  Date 
of  their  Letters  Patents,  but  in  this  manner,  viz.,  one  third  part  in  Fee-Farm,  another  third  part  for 
forty  years,  or  under,  reserving  to  themselves  the  other  third  Part  without  Alienation  during  the 
said  five  years.  But  after  the  said  five  years  they  shall  be  at  liberty  to  alien  to  all  Persons,  except 
the  meer  Irish,  and  such  Persons  as  will  not  take  the  Oath,  which  the  said  Undertakers  are  to  take 
as  aforesaid. 

1 1.  The  said  Undertakers  shall  have  power  to  erect  Manors  (29),  to  hold  Courts  Baron  twice  ^ 
every  year,  to  create  Tenures  to  hold  of  themselves  upon  Alienation  of  any  Part  of  their  said^ 
Portions,  so  as  the  same  do  not  exceed  the  Moiety  thereof. 

1 2.  The  said  Undertakers  shall  not  demise  any  part  of  their  Lands  at  Will  only,  but  shalV 
make  certain  estates  for  years,  for  Life,  in  Taile,  or  in  Fee-Simple  (30). 

13.  No  uncertain  Rent  shall  be  reserved  by  the  Undertakers,  but  the  same  shall  be  expressl] 
set  down  without  reference  to  the  Custom  of  the  Country,  and  a  Proviso  shall  be  inserted  in  thi 
Letters  Patents  against  Cuttings,  Cosheries,  and  other  Irish  Exactions  upon  their  Tenants  (31). 

14.  The  said  Undertakers,  their  Heirs  and  Assigns,  during  the  space  of  seven  years 
ensuing,  shall  have  power  to  transport  all  Commodities  growing  upon  their  own  Lands,  which  the^^ 
shall  hold  by  those  Letters  Patents,  without  paying  any  Custom  or  Imposition  for  the  same. 

15.  It  shall  be  lawful  for  the  said  Undertakers,  for  the  space  of  five  years  next  ensuing,  to 
send  for,  and  bring  into  Ireland,  out  of  Great  Britain,  victuals,  and  utensils  for  their  Households, 


kinsfolks,  or  for  the  sweetness  of  the  expectation  of  a 
great  bargain  in  the  end,  when  it  is  overcome.  And, 
therefore,  it  is  like  they  will  employ  sons,  kinsfolks, 
servants,  or  tenants,  and  yet  be  glad  to  have  the  estate  in 
themselves.  And  it  may  be,  some  again,  will  join  their 
purses  together,  and  make,  as  it  were,  a  partnership  or 
joint  adventure,  and  yet  man  forth  some  one  person  by 
consent  for  the  executing  the  plantation."  See  Bacons 
Lt/y  and  Letters,  edited  by  Spedding,  voL  iv.,  pp. 
123,  124. 

(29).  Manors, — This  term  is  supposed  to  be  derived 
from  the  Latin  verb  maneo^  to  'remain,'  because  the 
manor  is  one  of  the  results  of  long  and  well-established 
settlement.  The  power  of  erecting  lands  into  manors 
often  conveyed  to  the  grantees  other  privil^es  besides 
those  mentioned  in  the  above  clause.  In  England  there 
used  always  to  be  a  Court  Leet  as  well  as  a  Court  Baron 
in  connection  with  every  manor.  The  former  (so  called 
from  the  Dutch  laet^  a  peasant-tenant)  was  the  court  in 
which  copyhold  tenants — the  lease  being  a  servile  tenure — 
had  justice  administered ;  whilst  the  Court  Baron  was 
that  m  which  the  freeholders  of  the  manor  sought  justice 
and  protection  from  wrong,  when  necessary.  The  Court 
Leet  is  now  everywhere  superseded  by  other  arrange- 
ments, and  the  Court  Baron,  from  the  same  cause,  now 
only  exists  in  name. 

(30).  Fee-Simple. — By  this  'condition'  tenancy  at  will 
was  prohibited.  It  would  appear  that  undertakers  were 
prevented  from  letting  their  Lands  for  less  than  21  years 
and  three  lives  because  of  their  getting  their  grants  on 
the  very  advantageous  tenure  of  common  soccage  instead 
of  by  knight's  service,  which  latter  would  have  imposed 


upon  them  at  intervals  the  payment  of  heriots  and  relief. 
Referring  a^n  to  this  point  m  a  later  communicatioD  to 
the  council  m  London,  Chichester  writes:  —  "Instead of 
which  tenure  [knight's  service],  it  were  more  for  the 
King's  avail,  and  more  agreeable  with  the  meaning  and 
equity  of  the  law,  upon  the  first  creation  of  those  }aA 
tenures,  that,  in  lieu  thereof,  some  restraint  and  tie 
might  be  laid  upon  the  undertakers,  that  they  should 
make  no  estates  [give  no  leases]  for  less  than  a  I  yeus 
and  three  lives,  and  to  keep  them  from  alienatii^  tnj  oC 
their  possessions  without  license,  and  from  marrying  and 
fostering  with  the  Irish." 

(31).  Their  Tenants. — This  'article*  was  evidently  in- 
tended to  protect  the  tenants  against  rapacity  and  double- 
dealing  on  the  part  of  imdertakers  or  landlords.  Besidet 
the  evils  to  the  tenants  now  mentioned,  Chichester  had 
another  in  his  mind's  eye,  against  which  he  warned  the 
council,  as  follows : — "It  mil  avail  for  the  securitj  and 
contentment  of  the  undertenant,  that  the  rent  oat  of  the 
lands  assigned  may  be  distinguished  and  proportioned  in 
the  rent  of  the  chief  undertaker  [or  landloro],  and  that 
there  be  a  caveat  inserted  in  the  King's  grant,  that  the 
undertenant  shall  not  be  subject  to  pay  £e  King  raoie 
rent  for  the  land  he  holds  than  his  Majesty  reserves  for 
that  proportion  from  the  undertaker ;  who  is  to  reseite 
from  the  undertenant  a  distinct  rent  to  himself  besides 
that  which  the  undertenant  is  also  to  pay  to  the  Kiw.** 
This  was  simply  to  protect  the  tenant  from  the  injuries 
which  might  arise  to  him  in  consequence  of  his  hmnng 
an  improvident  or  insolvent  landlord,  who»  in  theafattenoe 
of  the  necessary  protection^  might  involve  his  t^n^nt^  in 
his  own  difficulties. 


THE   ORDERS   AND   CONDITIONS   OF   PLANTATION. 


85 


:erials  and  Tools  for  Building  and  Husbandry,  and  cattle  to  stock  and  manure  the  Land  as 
esaid,  without  pajdng  any  Custom  for  the  same,  which  shall  not  extend  to  any  Commodities  by 
of  Merchandize. 

Articles  concerning  such  servitors  (32)  in  Ireland  as  shall  be  Undertakers  in  this  Plantation, 

shall  have  Power  to  inhabit  their  Portions  with  meer  Irish  Tenants,     i.  They  shall  have 

tes  in  Fee-Farm.     2.  They  shall  yield  a  yearly  Rent  to  his  Majesty  of  Eight  Pounds  English 

«very  Proportion  of  a  thousand  Acres,  and  so  rateably  for  the  greater  Proportions,  which  is 

the  rate  of  ten  Shillings  for  sixty  English  Acres,  or  thereabouts,  which  they  shall  inhabit  with 

r  Irish  Tenants ;  but  they  shall  pay  only  five  Pounds  six  Shillings  and  eight  Pence  for  every 

E*roportion  of  a  thousand  Acres  which  they  shall  inhabit  with  English  or  Scottish  Tenants  as 

aforesaid ;  and  so  rateably  for  the  other  Proportions.     And  they  shall  pay  no  Rent  for  the  first 

two  years. 

3.  They  shall    hold    their   Portions    by    the    same  Tenures    as*  the    former  Undertakers 
respectively. 

4.  They  shall  build  their  Castles,  Houses,  and  Bawnes,  and  inhabit  their  Lands  within  two 
years,  and  have  a  competent  store  of  Arms  in  readiness,  as  the  former  Undertakers  (33). 


Vk 


C32).  Servitors. — See  pp.  76,  77.    When  the  council  in 
London  wrote  to  Chichester  informing  him  how  cordially 
the  Kiog  had  approved  of  the  project  for  plantation  in 
the  county  of  Tyrone,  and  especially  of  the  recommenda- 
tion therein  as    to    locating   the   servitors,   they    con- 
duded  by  requesting  the  Deputy  to  send  them  a  list 
Q^  sadi  servitors  as  would  be  likely  to  ask  for  lands,  and 
prove  suitable  undertakers.     This  list  was  forthwith  sup- 
P^;  but  when  the  'Orders  and  Conditions'  arrived 
worn  London  soon  afterwards,   the  servitors  criticised 
t^ieni  in  detail,  perhaps  more  coolly  and  even  bitterly 
*J»an  any  other  class  of  intending  settlers.     Chichester, 
^hen  writing  to  Davys,  then  in  London,  informs  him 
^t  "the  £mher  they  [the  Irish  government]  search  into 
Ott's  affections  touching  the  project,  the  more  difficult 
<Iocs  he  find  the  performance  ol  what  is  expected,  for  no 
we  here  once  seeks  to  him  for  any  part  thereof,  neither 
will  they  (as  they  both  say  and  write)  imless  some  of  the 
coiuiitiQQs  be  altered ;  and  unless  they  may  make  choice 
of  their  seats  [places  of  settlement].     Such  as  command 
in  foits  and  smaller  wards  desire  that  part  which  lies  next 
them,  albeit  it  be  not  of  the  best  or  most  fertile  land,  as 
he  [Chichester]  knows;   others  that  know  the  country 
and  the  natives,  affect  to  seat  themselves  near  the  sea  and 
npon  portable  rivers."    Dav3rs,  writing  to  Salisbury,  in 
May,  1609,  expresses  himself  about  the  servitors  some- 
what bitterly,  as  if  disappointed  at  their  disapproval  of 
tbe  document  he  had  so  much  to  do  in  drawing  up. 
•*  Their  martial  men,"  says  he,  **  for  the  most  part,  take 
exceptions  to  the  project  for  the  plantation  of  Ulster, 
because  they  have  not  the  privilege,  every  one  to  choose 
\os  own  seat  or  portion.     If  this  were  granted  to  them, 
ihej  do  not  now  quarrel  so  much  with  the  project  as 
tbey  would  then  quarrel  with  one  another.     But  the  Lord 
P^aty  [himself  a  servitor]  since  he  [Davys]  showed  him 
a  copy  of  the  instructions  which  are  to  be  annexed  to  the 


commission  for  plantation,  is  very  well  satisfied."  Writ- 
ing in  the  following  month  of  June,  Davys  refers  to  this 
point  in  these  terms  : — **  The  martial  men,  though  they 
refused  to  give  their  names  to  the  Lord  Deputy  for  por- 
tions to  be  assigned  to  them,  yet  expect  and  desire  to  be 
undertakers,  but  they  thought  that  by  their  refusal  to 
accept  their  portions  by  lot,  they  should  have  had  their 
choice  of  the  best  places,  wherein  now  they  think  their 
expectation  deceived."  The  servitors  objected  also  to 
the  shortness  of  the  time  allowed  at  first  for  the  erection 
of  their  castles,  houses,  and  bawns  ;  but  their  objections 
generally  were  met  in  a  conciliatory  spirit  by  the  govern- 
ment, and  after  a  little  negotiation,  the  several  points  in 
dispute  were  amicably  arranged.  Davys  at  last  rather 
exulted  when  it  was  found  that  many  servitors  who  held 
back  in  the  begiiming  had  no  lands  left  for  them  until 
the  woods  comd  be  cleared  from  large  patches  of  the 
soil. 

(33).  Former  undertakers, — The  servitors  were  thus  to 
be  dealt  with  in  all  respects  as  the  other  undertakers; 
but  they  succeeded  eventually,  at  least  several  of  them, 
in  getting  not  only  lands  but  'entertainments,'  or  ap- 
pointments, as  commanders  of  forts  and  small  wards 
throughout  the  six  counties.  At  an  early  stage  in  the 
plantation  movement,  the  council  in  London  forwarded 
the  following  list  of  servitors  who  were  considered  as 
suitable  persons  to  become  undertakers,  commencing 
with  the  deputy  himself: — "The  Lord  Deputy,  Lord 
Audley,  Mr,  Treasurer  [Sir  Thomas  Ridgeway],  Mr. 
Marshall  [Sir  Robert  Wingfield],  Master  of  the  Ordnance 
[Sir  Oliver  St.  John],  Sir  Oliver  Lambert,  Mr.  Attorney- 
General  of  Ireland  [Sir  John  Davys],  Sir  Foulke  Conway, 
Sir  Henry  Folliott,  Sir  Edward  Blaney,  Sir  Toby  Caul- 
field,  Sir  Richard  Hansard,  Sir  Francis  Roe,  Sir  Francis 
Rushe,  Sir  Thomas  Phillips,  Sir  James  Perrott,  Sir 
Thomas   Chichester,   Sir  Josias    Bodley,   Sir   Richard 


86 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


have  3000  acres,  if  he  will,  not  abore.  ConndUon 
State  may  have  2000  acres,  and  not  above.  Of  the  rat, 
there  may  be  allotted  six  middle  proportions  for  six 
the  best  sort  of  servitors,  and  none  of  the  others  to  ba^e 
above  1000  acres  each.  And  for  such  as  shall  be  unable 
to  plant  1000  acres,  two,  three,  or  four  to  be  joined  m 
the  proportion." — See  Calendar  of  Carew  MSS.,  sixdi 
series,  53,  54. 

(34).  First  year. — The  few  native  undertakers  do  not 
appear  to  have  made  any  objection  to  the  pajnnent  of  %, 
so  much  larger  rent  than  had  been  laid  on  the  othen ; 
but  they  complained  at  being  obliged  to  commence  pqf* 
ing  so  soon,  to  erect  their  building  in  so  short  a  time^ 
and  to  relinquish  their  lonf-chenshed  and  mudi-lovBd 
custom  of  cr^ighting.  Chichester,  writing  to  Dairji^  xk 
March,  1609,  refers  to  these  objections  on  the  part  of  the 
Irish  as  follows  : — "  Many  natives  have  answered  thift 
it  is  hard  for  them  to  alter  their  course  of  living  bv  herds 
of  cattle  and  creaghting ;  and  as  to  the  boikung  oC 
castles,  or  strong  houses  and  bawns,  it  is  for  them  im* 
possible ;  none  of  them,  the  Neales  [O'Neills]  and  sadi 
principal  surnames  excepted,  affect  above  a  ballybeCai^ 
and  most  of  them  will  be  content  with  two  or  three 
balliboes ;  and  for  others,  he  knows  whole  counties 
will  not  content  the  meanest  of  them,  albeit  now  t^tj 
have  but  their  mantle  and  sword,  llie  commissiaiien^ 
therefore,  who  shall  come  or  be  appointed  to  settle 
this  business,  will  have  a  tough  piece  of  work  of  it, 
and  the  strangers  that  shall  come  for  undertakers  mast 
resolve  to  abide  some  storms  before  they  come  to  a  pfo> 
fitable  harvest."  Although  the  deputy  wrote  in  this  toiie^ 
we  shall  hear  him  afterwards  complaining  of  the  snnU 
quantities  of  lands  to  natives  in  Armagh  and  Tyrone, 


5.  They  shall  have  power  to  create  Manors  and  Tenures,  as  the  former  Undertakers. 

6.  They  shall  make  certain  Estates  to  the  Tenants  and  reserve  certain  Rents,  and  forbear — 
Irish  Exactions,  as  the  former  Undertakers. 

7.  They  shall  be  resident  for  five  years,  as  the  former  Undertakers,  and  be  restained  fron^^ 
Alienation  within  the  same  time,  as  the  former  Undertakers. 

8.  They  shall  take  the  Oath  of  Supremacy,  and  be  conformable  in  religion,  as  the  forme:^ 
Undertakers. 

9.  They  shall  not  alien  their  Portions,  or  any  Part  thereof,  to  the  meer  Irish,  or  to  any  su< 
Person  or  Persons  as  will  not  take  the  Oath  as  the  said  Undertakers  are  to  take,  as  aforesaid ; 
to  that  end  a  Proviso  shall  be  inserted  in  their  Letters  Patents. 

10.  They  shall  have  Power  or  Liberty  to  transport,  or  bring  in  Conmiodities,  as  the 
Undertakers. 

Articles  concerning  the  Irish  Natives^  who  shall  be  admitted  to  be  Freeholders, 

1.  They  shall  have  Estates  in  Fee-Farm. 

2.  They  shall  pay  the  yearly  Rent  of  Ten  Pounds  thirteen  ShiUings  and  four  Pence  for 
Portion  of  a  thousand  Acres,  and  so  rateably  for  the  greater  Proportion,  which  is  after  the  rat^ 
thirteen  Shillings  and  foiu*  Pence  for  every  sixty  Acres  or  thereabouts ;  and  they  shall  pay  no 
for  the  first  year  (34). 

Graham,  Sir  Thomas  Coach,  Sir  Thomas  Williams,  Sir 
Edward  Fettiplace,  Sir  Ralph  Bingley,  Sir  Wm.  Taaffe, 
Sir  Geo.  Graham  his  sons,  Mr.  Surveyor  of  Ireland 
[Wm.  Parsons],  Captains  Bourchier,  Cooke,  Steward, 
Crawford,  Hope,  Alherton,  John  Vaughan,  Trevellian, 
Brooke,  Doddington,  Richard  Bingley,  Gabriel  Throg- 
morton,  Francis  Annesley,  Cole,  John  Rid^eway,  Eline 
[Ellis],  John  Leigh,  and  his  brother  Dan.  Leigh,  Anthony 
Smyth,  Trevor,  Atkinson,  Fleming,  Meeres,  Pikeman, 
Southworth,  Lackford,  Baker,  Hen.  Vaughan,  Hart, 
Gore,  Larken,  Neilson,  Edney,  Harrison,  Higgins, 
Henry  Moy,  Hugh  Culme,  Archie  Moore ;  Lieutenants 
Cowell,  Brian,  Ackland,  Devereux,  Bagnall,  son  to  Sir 
Sam.  Bagnall,  Browne,  Parkins,  Atkins,  Nich.  Doub-' 
beny."     Several  of  the  servitors  above-named  failed  in 

Setting  lands  as  undertakers,  being  thought  ineligible  by 
le  deputy ;  others  did  not  covet  the  responsibilities 
which,  as  undertakers,  they  would  have  incurred.  The 
above  list  was  accompanied  by  the  following  note : — 
"Though  there  be  more  named  in  the  list  than  there  is 
land  for,  yet  because  some  of  them  may  not  be  desirous 
to  be  undertakers,  and  some  peradventure  will  not  be 
thought  convenient  by  the  deputy  to  plant,  therefore  he 
and  the  Commissioners  may  at  their  discretion  omit  such 
of  them  and  limit  out  to  the  rest  such  proportions,  and 
in  such  places  as  shall  be  most  fit,  according  to  the 
directions  aforesaid.  Nevertheless,  if  the  Lord  Deputy 
and  Commissioners  shall  think  it  expedient,  they  may 
allow  unto  two  or  three  of  the  principal  servitors  above- 
named  2000  acres  apiece  to  be  taken  out  of  the  middle 
proportions  appointed  for  the  better  sort  of  servitors." 
The  *  directions*  here  referred  to  were  as  follow  : — **  In 
the  distribution  of  these  lands,  the  Lord  Deputy  only  to 


THE   ORDERS   AND   CONDITIONS   OF   PLANTATION. 


87 


3.  For  their  Tenures,  they  shall  hold  as  the  other  Undertakers  respectively,  according  to  their 
Portons,  with  a  Proviso  of  forfeiture  of  their  estates,  if  they  enter  into  actual  rebellion. 

4.  They  shall  inhabit  their  Lands,  and  build  their  Castles,  Houses,  and  Bawnes,  within  two 
as  the  former  Undertakers  (35). 

5.  They  shall  make  certain  estates  for  years,  or  for  Lives,  to  their  Under  Tenants,  and  they 
take  no  Irish  exactions. 

6.  They  shall  use  Tillage  and  Husbandry  after  the  manner  of  the  English  Pale  (36). 
General  Propositions  to  be  notified  to  the  Undertakers  of  all  Sorts. 

1.  There  shall  be  Commissioners  appointed  for  the  setting  forth  of  the  several  Proportions, 
for  the  ordering  and  setding  of  the  Plantation,  according  to  such  Instructions  as  shall  be  given 

them  by  his  Majesty  in  that  behalf. 

2.  That  all  the  said  Undertakers  shall  by  themselves,  or  by  such  as  the  States  of  England  or 
Ireland  shall  allow  of,  attend  the  said  Commissioners  in  Ireland,  at  or  before  Midsummer  next,  to 

leoeive  such  Directions  touching  their  Plantations  as  shall  be  thought  fit. 

3.  That  every  Undertaker,  before  the  ensealing  of  his  Letters  Patents,  shall  fenter  into  Bond 
(37)  or  Recognizance,  with  good  sureties,  to  his  Majesty's  use,  in  the  Office  of  his  Majesty's  Chief 


wlio,  howerer,  had  rendered  him  good  services  during 
O'Dogherty's  revolt  and  subsequently;  nay,  it  wiU  fur- 
ther appear,  that  the  tenant-settlers  from  England  and 
Scotland,  instead  of  encountering  'storms'  such  as  the 
deputy  had  predieted,  were  actually  dependant  on  the 
i^cs  for  lodgings  and  provisions  for  a  considerable 
tinje  after  their  arrival !     Chichester  never  appears  to 
hate  contemplated  the  enforcement  of  any  building  in- 
Jiinctions  on  the  native  undertakers  or  freeholders,  this 
clause  being  introduced  into  the  Articles  solely  on  the 
•otlwrity  of  the  council  in  London.     Chichester's  idea 
was  eventually  adopted  ;  the  natives  had  to  pay  higher 
'oits;  but  were  relieved  from  the  rule  of  building  ex- 
po^Te  houses,  although  they  were  required  to  build  for 
lIianselTes  habitations  like    the   English  of  the   Pale. 
This  injunction,  however,  had  reference  to  the  humble 
Irish  who  got  small  grants  in  several  coimties ;  but  such 
nobles  and  gentry  among  the  natives  as  obtained  one  or 
two  ballybetaghs  each,   aspired  to   castles  and  bawns 
like  the  other  undertakers.     Referring  to  the  claims  of 
tboie  natives  who  had  served  the  government  during 
OT^oghert/s  revolt,  and  had,  in  return,  received  pro- 
jnises  of  lands,  the  deputy  states  in  his  comments  on  the 
'Orders and  Conditions' that  "it  should  be  left  in  the 
power  and  discretion  of  the  commissioners  to  provide  so 
snfidenUy  for  the  natives  as  shall  be  then  tnought  re- 
quisite.   There  are  many  more  of  them  claiming  and  in 
expectation  of  freeholds  than  seems  to  have  been  con- 
sioered  of;    specially  those  of  the  counties  of  Cavan, 
Fennanagh,  and  Donegal,  who  are  still,  as  they  all^e, 
to  be  accounted  freeholders,  notwithstanding  the  offices 
taken,  after  the  kiUing  in  rebellion  of  their  several  chief- 
tains, or  the  attainder  of  any  of  them,  the  undertenants 
many  of  them  being  in  possession  of  freeholds  at  this 
day,  not  escheated,  as  they  affirm,  notwithstanding  the 
proceedings  against  their  said  chieftains." 

(35).  Former  UruUrtakers, — See  preceding  note. 


(36).  English  Pale, — ^This  meant  simply  that  the  Irish 
were  to  turn  their  attention  in  a  greater  degree  to  crop- 
ping the  lands,  abandoning  their  old  system  of  almost 
universal  grazing  and  creaghting. 

(37).  Into  Bond. — The  undertaker  of  2,000  was  bound 
by  the  covenants  in  his  patent  to  perform  the  following 
conditions,  viz.,  he  was  to  aUow  timber  to  his  tenants 
and  others  for  building  purposes,  for  the  space  of  two 
years,  provided  it  grew  on  nis  proportion,  and  was  not 
to  be  found  on  those  adjoining  ;  his  fee-farmers  were  to 
build  vicinatim ;  he  was  to  have  ready  in  his  house  or 
castle  muskets,  calivers,  and  hand-weapons  sufficient  to 
arm  24  men ;  he  was  to  hold  660  acres  in  demesne, 
alienating  or  letting  off  all  the  remainder  ;  he  was  to  pay 
for  his  2000  acres  the  yearly  rent  of  10/.  13J.  4^.  ;  he 
was  not  to  alienate  or  demise  any  lands  to  mere  Irish,  or 
to  others  who  would  not  take  the  oath  of  supremacy 
either  before  such  alienation  or  demise,  or  within  one 
year  after,  upon  pain  of  forfeiture  of  the  parcels  so  alien- 
ated or  demise. 

In  addition  to  the  above  covenants,  the  undertaker  of 
2,000  acres  was  required  to  enter  into  a  Bond  oi  ^Qol,, 
binding  him  to  the  following  conditions,  viz.,  that  within 
three  years  he,  or  his  heirs,  would  build  one  dwelling- 
house  of  brick  or  stone,  with  a  strong  court  or  bawn  about 
the  same,  that  within  the  said  three  years,  reckoning  from 
Easter,  16 10,  he  was  to  plant  on  his  proportion  40  able 
men  of  the  age  of  eighteen  years  or  upwards,  bom  in 
England  or  the  inward  part  of  Scotland ;  he  was  to  be 
resident  himself  in  person,  or  by  such  other  person  as 
shall  be  allowed,  during  the  space  of  five  years  after  the 
feast  of  St.  Michael  the  Archangel,  1610 ;  and  he  was 
not  to  alien  the  said  proportion  or  any  part  thereof  during 
the  said  five  years,  but  imto  his  undertenants  whom  he 
was  to  plant.  Thus  the  time  for  all  these  operations  was 
lengUiened  to  nearly  four  years.  See  Calendar  of  Carew 
AfSS.f  sixth  series,  p.  54. 


88 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


Remembrancer,  in  England  or  Ireland,  or  in  his  Majesty's  Exchequer  or  Chancery  in  Scotland,  or 
else  before  two  of  the  Commissioners  to  be  appointed  for  the  Plantation,  to  perform  the  aforesaid 
Articles,  according  to  their  Several  Distinctions,  of  Building,  Planting,  Residence,  Alienation 
within  five  years,  and  making  of  certain  estates  to  their  Tenants  in  this  manner,  viz.,  the 
Undertaker  of  the  greatest  Proportion  to  become  bound  in  four  hundred  Pounds,  of  the  middle 
Proportion  in  three  hundred  Pounds,  and  of  the  least  Proportion  in  two  hundred  Pounds  (38). 

4.  That  in  every  of  the  said  Counties  there  shall  be  a  convenient  Number  of  Market  Towns 
and  Corporations  erected  for  the  Habitation  and  settling  Tradesmen  and  Artificers ;  and  that 
there  shall  be  one  Free  School  at  least  appointed  in  every  County  for  the  education  of  youth  in 
Learning  and  Religion. 

5.  That  there  shall  be  a  convenient  number  of  Parishes  and  Parish  Churches  with  sufl^ent 
Incumbents  in  every  county ;  and  that  the  Parishioners  shall  pay  all  their  Tithes  in  kind  to  the 
Incumbents  of  the  said  Parish  Churches  (39).     See  Harris's  Hibernicay  pp.  123-130. 

Such,  then,  were  the  *  Orders  and  Conditions'  as  originally  promulgated ;  and  such  also,  as 
explained  in  the  notes  to  the  last  chapter,  were  the  several  modifications  thereof  recommended  by 
Chichester,  and  finally  adopted  in  the  scheme.  In  concluding  his  critical  examination  of  these 
articles  and  regulations,  he  begged  to  '*  add  .this  one  thing — ^that  forasmuch  as  this  plantation  b  of 
the  nature  of  those  things  that  are  to  be  wished,  rather  than  hopeful  to  be  effected,  their  Lordships 
would  be  pleased  to  leave  very  much  to  the  discretion  of  the  commissioners.  .  .  .  Thus  much 
he  has  thought  fit  to  deliver  to  their  Lordships,  without  any  further  protraction  of  time,  as  being 
agreeable  to  his  duty  and  trust,  with  protestation  that  whatsoever  he  has  said  is  only  meant  to  give 
their  Lordships  whereof  to  think  concerning  the  perfection  of  so  good  a  work,  and  without  any 
intention  to  prejudicate  the  noble  and  princely  resolution  and  courses  which  have  been  taken  or 
may  be  taken  in  that  behalf;  herein  acknowledging  his  own  weakness  and  ignorance  in  the 
inquisition  and  decision  of  these  deep  mysteries  of  State,  what  the  truth  may  be  and  where  it  lies 
hidden,  having  observed  that  in  all  like  human  actions  (besides  all  other  difficulties  hindering  their 
perfections),  truth  and  error,  good  and  evil,  are  found  to  be  so  like  and  nearly  joined  together  that 
many  times  the  one  has  been  simply  mistaken  for  the  other."  Notwithstanding  this  affected 
simplicity,  however,  on  the  part  of  the  deputy,  he  had  very  clear  and  practical  views  on  the  subject 


(38);   Two  hundred  Pounds, — See  preceding  note. 

(39).  Parish  Churches. — Referring  to  this  complicated 
question,  the  deputy  contents  himself  with  saying  at  that 
time  that  he  hoped  "their  Lordships  [the  council  in 
London]  would  be  pleased  to  leave  very  much  to  the 
discretion  of  the  commissioners  to  be  appointed,  for 
assignation  of  greater  Quantities  of  land  to  the  ministers, 
since  their  glebe  lanos  are  like  to  be  their  principal 
maintenance.  Likevrise  the  bishops'  lands  may,  perhaps, 
require  some  alteration  in  regard  of  convenience,  or  other 
circumstances  concerning  the  Termon  lands."  On  this 
subject,  the  deputy  writmg  some  months  afterwards — in 
Jan.  1609-10— <ielivers  his  impressions  in  the  following 
terms: — "For  the  bishops,  he  wishes  the  King  would 
confirm  to  them  all  the  lands  found  for  them  in  demesne 


and  chiefry,  where  the  said  land  have  come  to  him  [the 
King]  by  attainder,  Act  of  Parliament,  or  other  lawful 
means  ;  for  he  holds  the  Corbs  and  Erenaghs  that  claim 
them  to  be  unfit  and  unworthy  of  them,  otherwise  than  as 
any  other  tenants  allowed  by  the  bishop  at  his  will  and 
pleasure  ;  out  of  which  lands  he  [Chichester]  would  have 
the  parson  for  vicar  have  his  proportion,  be  it  60  or  100 
acres,  to  be  laid  out  by  the  commissioners,  together  with 
a  site  for  house  and  garden,  &c.,  and  with  conrenieiit 
wood  and  turbary.  This  will  be  but  a  small  deduction 
out  of  the  bishops'  great  scopes ;  for  the  parishes  are 
venr  large  and  few,  and  without  this  provision  the  paxsons 
and  vicars  cannot  for  the  most  part  have  any  lana  within 
two  or  three  miles  of  the  church,  and  in  some  places 
farther  off;  which  is  a  great  inconvenieiioe.'* 


THE   ORDERS   AND   CONDITIONS   OF   PLANTATION.  89 

in  hand,  and  knew  very  well  the  line  of  demarcation  between  truth  and  error  so  far  as  concerned 
the  best  interests  of  the  plantation.  Indeed,  it  is  gratifying  to  observe  that  in  a  matter  which 
directly  touched  his  own  interests  he  so  easily  caught  up  and  asserted  the  popular  feeling,  especially 
as  to  the  nature  of  the  tenure  by  which  the  lands  were  to  be  granted  to  undertakers. 

The  undertakers  would  have  neither  act  nor  part  in  the  plantation  if  required  to  hold  their 
lands  by  the  oppressive  feudal  tenure  of  knight's  service,  and  they  were  consequently  released 
therefrom ;  but  the  benefit  which  they  thus  secured  for  themselves  they  were  obliged  to  share  with 
their  tenants,  by  letting  their  lands  on  the  most  liberal  terms — some  in  fee-farm,  some  by  long 
leases,  and  none  for  shorter  terms  than  31  yean.  To  secure  this,  the  Crown  in  surrendering 
its  peculiar  and  fondly  cherished  tenure  of  knight's  service  in  capite,  surrendered  to  the  under- 
takers  some  of  its  important  powers  and  prerogatives,  to  an  extent  which  (in  the  matter 
of  granting  lands)  had  been  almost  unprecedented.  But  this  was  done  to  secure  what  was 
called  '  a  civil  plantation,'  or  an  arrangement  which  would  work  well  in  every  particular  for  the  peace 
and  wel&re  of  the  settlement  in  Ulster.  The  division  and  allotment  of  the  lands,  therefore,  were 
not  made  merely  that  the  undertakers,  who  had  been  generally  needy  men,  should  become  wealthy 
at  the  expense  of  their  tenants ;  nor  were  the  latter  brought  here  to  live  simply  as  feudal  serfs^ 
reclaiming  the  soil  in  which  they  had  no  permanent  right  or  interest  On  the  contraiy,  all  these 
ccmditions  and  articles  imply  a  mutual  interest  between  the  undertakers  and  the  settlers  on  their 
estates,  and  are  now  of  extreme  importance  as  explanatory  of  the  scope  and  purpose  of  the  grants 
then  made  by  the  Crown. 


[9o] 


Chapter  III. — The  Project  of  Plantation. 


|N  the  organisation  of  the  grand  scheme,  the  printed  'Orders  and  Conditions'  were 
soon  followed  by  the  'Project  of  Plantation.'  The  details  of  this  'Project'  were 
made  public  about  a  month  subsequently  to  the  appearance  of  the  printed  copy  of 
the  'Orders  and  Conditions'  (i),  and  in  pursuance  of  a  promise  contained  in  the 
latter  for  '*  setting  forth  the  several  proportions,"  and  for  the  "  ordering  and  settling "  of  all 
important  (juestions  connected  therewith.  The  following  is  a  correct  copy  of  the  Project^  the  text 
of  which  WHS  printed  in  Harris's  Hibemica^  pp.  105-120;  and  also  in  the  sixth  series  of  the 
Calendar  of  the  Carew  MSS.,  pp.  13-22  : — 

A  Project  for  the  Division  and  Plantation  of  the  Escheated  Lands  in  six  several  counties  of 
Ulster,  namely,  Tyrone,  Colraine,  Donnegall,  Fermanagh,  Ardmagh,  and  Cavan,  concluded  by  his 
Majesty's  Commissioners,  the  Bishop  of  Deny,  Sir  James  Ley,  Sir  Anthony  St  Leger,  Sir  Henry 
Docwra,  Sir  Oliver  St  John,  Sir  James  Fullerton,  and  Sir  John  Davys. 

In  this  Project  we  have  first  conceived  four  general  Points  to  be  observed  in  every  County, 
viz.  : — 

I.  That  the  Proportion  of  Land  to  be  distributed  to  Undertakers  may  be  of  three  difieient 
quantities.  The  first  and  least  may  consist  of  so  many  Parcels  of  Land  as  will  make  a  thousand 
English  Acres,  or  thereabouts.  The  second  or  middle  Proportion  of  so  many  Parcels  as  will  make 
fifteen  hundred  English  Acres,  or  thereabouts.  The  third  and  greatest  of  so  many  Parceb  as  will 
make  two  thousand  English  Acres,  or  thereabouts  (see  p.  79). 

II.  That  all  the  Lands  escheated  in  every  County  may  be  divided  into  four  Parts ;  whereof 
two  parts  may  be  divided  into  Proportions  consisting  of  a  thousand  Acres  a  Piece,  a  third  part  into 
Proportions  of  fifteen  hundred  Acres  [each],  and  the  fourth  part  into  Proportions  of  two  thousand 
Acres  (2). 


(1).  Conditions, — This  copy  was  "Imprinted  att 
London  by  Robert  Barker,  printer  to  the  King's  Most 
Excellent  Majestie,  1608."— Sec  Nickoll's  History  of  the 
Com/ any  0/  Ironmongers^  p.  379. 

(2).  Acres. — In  other  words,  the  half  of  all  the  under- 
takeable  lands  in  each  county  was  to  be  distributed 
among  proportions  of  the  smallest  size,  or  of  one  thou- 
sand acres  each,  whilst  only  a  fourth  of  such  land  was  to 
be  absorbed  by  proportions  of  the  largest  size.  This 
arrangement  was  evidently  intended  to  popularise  the 
scheme  as  much  as  possible,  and  was  perhaps  the  only 
one  in  connection  therewith  which  the  government  re- 
solved,  notwithstanding  Chichester's  opposition,  to  retain. 
The  latter  appears  to  ^ve  been  quite  bent  on  having  the 
land  distributed  in  baronies  to  leading  servitors  and 
officers  of  State  who  might  farm  it  out,  in  proportions,  to 
others.  In  addition  to  what  had  been  advanced  by  him 
on  this  point,  (as  quoted  already  at  pp.  79,  80),  his  aigu* 


ment  was  still  further  pressed  in  the  following  terms  : — 
"  He  considers  again  that  eminent  persons  and  poweHbl 
must  be  the  sinews  or  rather  the  cement  to  be  applied  to 
hold  the  rest  of  the  parts  together ;  without  which  it 
[the  whole  sdieme  of  plantation]  will  be  like  a  dry  waD, 
subject  to  every  injury,  and  in  the  end  to  separatioa  and 
downfall  in  a  very  short  time.  Daily  experience  here 
teaches  that  the  new  comers  will  be  undoubtedly  robbed 
and  oppressed  by  the  natives,  if  they  be  not  countenanced 
by  the  best,  and  for  a  long  time  supported  with  a  stroiy 
hand.  His  advice,  therefore,  must  be  this — that  this 
class  of  undertakers  [the  great  ones  among  them]  sboaM 
have  quantities  of  lands  (though  not  entire  and  lyiaf 
together,  yet  separate)  as  each  will  assimie  to  settle  and 
inhabit,  some  more,  some  less,  as  shall  be  thought  meet ; 
and  that  they  again,  if  they  shall  undertake  tor  mQcli» 
shall  be  enjoined  to  make  a  certain  number  of  freeholdefi 
under  them."  This  doctrine  was  more  deeply  im^»ened 
on  the  deputy's  mind  as  the  time  for  actnaf  planting  ap- 


THE   PROJECT   OF    PLANTATION. 


91 


III.  That  every  Proportion  be  made  a  Parish,  and  a  Parish  Church  erect^fl  therein ;  and  the 
Incumbents  be  endowed  with  Glebes  of  Several  Quantities,  viz.,  an  Incumbent  of  a  Parish  of  a 
thousand  Acres  to  have  Sixty  Acres  [of  glebe],  an  Incumbent  of  a  Parish  of  fifteen  hundred  Acres 
to  have  ninety  Acres,  and  an  Incumbent  of  a  Parish  of  two  thousand  Acrea  to  have  one  hundred 
and  twenty  Acres ;  and  that  the  whole  Tithes  and  the  Duties  of  every  Parish  be  allotted  to  every 
Incumbent,  besides  the  Glebes  aforesaid  (3). 

IV.  That  the  Undertakers  of  these  Lands  be  of  several  sorts,  i.  English  and  Scottish,  who 
are  to  plant  their  Proportions  with  English  and  Scottish  Tenants.     2,  Servitors  in  Ireland,  who 


proached.     In  January  1609-10,  we  find  him  discussing 

it  as  follows : — "  This  g^reat  work  of  deducing  inhabitants 

mnd  making  a  plantation  in  such  a  barbarous  and  remote 

oonntry  [as  Ulster]  cannot  be  performed  by  men  of  mean 

condition  and  ability,  for  they  will  not  adventure  them- 

selTCs  and  their  fortunes  unless  they  are  encouraged  and 

protected  by  some  powerful  man  in  chief.     That  persons 

of  rank  and  quality  must  be  those  who  are  to  effect  this 

work  is  manifest ;  for  that  it  is  a  matter  more  of  honour 

and  example  than  for  rny  hope  of  gain  for  which  this 

plantation  must  be  undertaken,  and  few  men  will  engage 

m  such  actions  of  charge  and  damage,  except  they  are 

associated  with  such  followers,  friends,  and  neighbours 

as  can  give  them  comfort  and  bring  them  strength  and 

iSBStance.     Therefore  wishes  that  the  Lord  Treasurer, 

Lord  Privy  Seal,  and  other  persons  of  honour  and  power 

would  each  of  them  undertake  a  barony  in   dinerent 

ooontiies  [counties],  and  that  they  would  draw  unto  them 

&t  men  for  the  plantation,  seeing  that  the  strangers  who 

viQ  come  here  are  more  likely  to  undo  themselves  than 

effect  a  plantation,  unless  assisted  by  sufficient  gentlemen 

experienced  in  this  kingdom,  and  especially  in  Ulster." 

^  13)-  OUUs  aforesaid. — This  whole  scheme  of  re-plant- 

iog  the  church  in  Ulster,  which  had  been  literally  swept 

tway  by  long  and  furious  commotions,  owed  its  origin, 

and  much  of  its  success,  to  Bishop  Montgomery.     The 

King  eventually  adopted  all  his  recommendations,  ordain- 

jBg  that  such  ecclesiastical  lands  throughout  Ulster  as 

"*d  been  alienated  by  grants  from  the  Crown  should  be 

restored  to  the  Churdi,  and  that  all  lands  should  be 

^^^^^  ecclesiastical  from  which  bishops  had,  in  former 

™es,  received  only  chiefries  and  duties.    Hence,  the  enor- 

f^  possessions  known  as  erenagh   and  termon  lands 

^^'^  ^^  property  of  the  bishops  in  actual  demesne. 

»«tt  amply  provided  with  means  to  support  their  state 

ttd  dignity,  the  bishops  were  enabled  to  surrender  the 

™w  part  of  the  tithes  (which  had  been  theirs  by  right) 

f^  ^  jicttmbcnts  or  working  cletgy.      E^ch  incumbent, 

*  Mdition  to  his  tithes  and  duties,   had  glebe  lands 

^*P»ed  to  him  of  60,  90,  or  120  acres,  according  to  the 

^Jo'^thc  proportion,   as  indicated  in  the   paragraph 

^^^^    Harris,  in  his  edition  of  Waris  Works^  voL  1., 

P*!!  ^  refers  to  this  grand  scheme  of  Montgomery,  as 

ftrflows :—"  There  is  but  one  parish  in  the  diocese  [of 

P*ny]  that  wants  a  glebe,  which  is  Termonamungen, 

nor  is  there  one  sinecure  in  it ;  every  rectory  being  intire 

with  i^t  cure  aimexed.     This  proceeded  from  the  care 

ai>d  piety  of  the  bishops  succeeding  the  reformation,  who 

were  extraordinary  men.     Before  the  reformation,   the 

biskop  had  one  third  of  the  tythes,  a  lay  person  who 


was  the  bishop's  fanner,  called  an  eirenach^  had  another, 
and  the  third  was  allowed  for  the  cure.  [Harris,  **  hav- 
ing had  access  to  the  Inquisition  of  1609,  should  have 
known  that  the  bishop  received  no  tithes,  but  that  the 
rector,  as  well  as  the  vicar,  did."  Reeves's  Cotton^ s 
Visitation,  p.  XI 9.]  But  Bishop  Montgomery,  who  was 
the  first  bisnop  after  the  reformation,  abolished  all  these, 
and  gave  the  whole  tithes  to  the  cure  [to  pay  the  incum- 
bentX  King  James  L  supporting  and  forwarding  him  in 
it."  Two  radical  changes  effected  by  this  arrangement 
are  recommended  by  Montgomery,  as  follows  : — "  Firsts 
that  all  Church  lands  graunted  unto  patentees  under 
the  name  of  Abbey  land,  or  Termon  land,  may  be 
restored  unto  Byshops  and  Cathedrall  Churches,  to  which 
they  did  aunciently  belong,  and  a  recompense  given  to . 
the  patentees  owt  of  other  temporall  lands  now  in  the 
King's  hand  to  bestowe;  and  in  especyall  that  the  Ter- 
mons  of  Monahon  be  restoared  to  the  Bishoprick  of 
Clougher,  and  no  new  grants  made  to  patentees  thereof, 
otherwise  that  Bishoprick  must  be  dissolved,  whose 
jurisdiction  is  extended  through  two  great  counties, 
Monahon  and  Fermanogh.  Also  that  the  Termons  in 
Cavan  be  restoared  to  the  Bishoprick  of  Killmore  ;  and 
the  Iland  of  Deny  with  the  Canons  lands  lying  neere  it 
may  be  restoared  to  the  bishop  of  Deny,  and  to  the 
Cathedrall  Church  there,  and  a  recompense  given  to  the 
heyre  of  Sr  George  Pawlet  in  som  other  place,  and  to 
Captajme  Brookes  for  Clonluye,  which  also  belongeth  to 
the  Byshop  of  Deny  and  is  withheld  by  C.  Brooks. 
Secondly^  that  all  ecclesiasticall  land  now  found  for  the 
King  by  this  last  office  [of  inquisition,  1609],  and  yet 
undisp<»ed,  may  be  restoared  to  the  severall  Bishopricks 
to  wnich  they  did  formerly  belong ;  viz.,  the  lands  in 
Armagh  and  those  in  Tirone  that  pay  rent  to  the  Primat, 
that  they  may  be  restoared  to  the  Primat  The  rest  in 
Tirone,  Colrane,  Inishowen  to  the  Bishoprick  of  Deny. 
They  in  Tirconnell  to  the  Bishoprick  of  Raphoe ;  and 
those  in  Fermanogh  to  the  Bishoprick  of  Clougher.  All 
is  of  the  King  his  free  gyit,  and  a  new  creation  made  of 
theise  Bishopricks  by  the  King's  letters  Patent,  with  the 
auncient  liberties  of  the  Church,  the  Bishops  being 
limited  what  states  to  graunt  of  theise  lands,  and  barred 
from  letting  the  mensale  lands,  to  which  all  those  who 
formerly  received  these  Bishopricks  from  the  Pope,  were 
straictly  bound  by  oath  in  the  Pope's  grants,  or  (as  the 
Irish  call  them)  apostolids  rescriptis,  whereof  I  have  seene 
manye."  See  Montgomery's  Tract  on  the  Ancient  Estate 
of  the  Bishopricks  of  Derry,  Rafho^  and  Clougher ^  as 
quoted  in  the  Memoir  of  the  Parish  of  Templemore^  pp. 

49-51. 


92 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


may  take  English  or  Irish  Tenants  at  their  choice.  3.  Natives  of  those  Counties,  who  are  to  be 
Freeholders  (see  p.  80). 

V.  That  the  King  having  made  choice  of  such  persons  as  shall  be  planted  in  Every  County,  to 
avoid  emulation  among  them,  the  sites  or  places  of  the  Proportions  shall  be  dbtributed  by  lot  (4). 

These  general  grounds  being  first  laid,  the  Lands  in  every  particular  County  may  be  divided 
in  this  manner  : — 

County  of  Tyrone. 

The  County  of  Tyrone  is  divided  into  certain  Parcels  of  land  called  Ballyboes,  a  BaUyboe 
being  a  quantity  of  land  containing  Sixty  Acres  English,  or  thereabouts  (5). 

The  whole  County,  including  both  the  Temporal  and  Ecclesiastical  Lands,  by  the  Book  of 
Survey,  containeth  157 1  Ballyboes,  or  98,187  Acres  (6),  after  the  rate  of  a  thoundand  Acres 
English,  and  so  proportionably ;  whereof  the  one  Moiety,  or  two  parts,  being  785  Ballyboes  and  m 
half,  or  49,093  Acres  and  a  half,  will  make  of  the  least  Proportion,  consisting  of  Sixteen  BallyboeSi 


(4).  By  lot, — See  p.  80.  This  fifth  head  .does  not  ap- 
pear in  the  copy  of  the  'Project'  preserved  in  Trinity 
College,  Dublin,  and  used  by  Harris  in  his  Hibemica, 
but  it  is  given,  as  quoted  above,  in  the  copy  found  among 
the  Carew  AfSS,  We  here  find  that,  originally,  it  was 
arranged  the  King  should  appoint  persons  to  receive 
proportions  in  every  county,  and  that  the  lands  should 
then  be  distributed  amongst  them  by  lot  But  even  this 
comparatively  circumscribed  arrangement  could  not  be 
enforced  for  the  reason  assigned  by  Chichester,  who 
recommended  that  certain  baronies  should  be  set  apart 
for  English  undertakers,  and  others  for  Scottish  under- 
takers, in  each  county,  and  that  the  lot  system  might  then 
be  applied  without  much  risk  of  separating  companies  of 
friends  or  neighbours  very  widely  (see  p.  80).  When  dis- 
tribution by  lot  was  first  mooted  as  the  method  to  be  ap- 
plied for  the  assignment  of  lands  generally  throughout  the 
whole  six  counties,  the  deputy,  in  addition  to  his  objection 
as  already  quoted,  made  the  following  somewhat  novel 
statement  against  it : — *'Now  for  the  manner  of  allotment. 
It  seems  that  for  the  avoiding  of  emulation  and  contro- 
versy, which  otherwise  might  happen  by  choice,  it  must 
be  decided  by  lot ;  which  is  an  exceeding  good  course,  he 
confesses,  and  practised  with  wonderful  success  by  the 
wisest  lawgiver  that  ever  was ;  and  he  heartily  wishes 
that  the  times  and  occasions  were  now  such  as  might 
cause  it  to  take  effect  in  this  intended  plantation.  But 
their  case  is  very  different.  The  Hebrews  were  mighty 
in  numbers  and  rich  in  substance;  compelled  into  the 
land  of  promise,  by  divine  necessity,  to  extinguish  the 
nations  and  to  possess  their  vineyards,  cities,  and  towns, 
already  built  where,  and  not  elsewhere,  they  and  their 
posterities  were  to  remain.  But  in  the  present  plantation 
they  have  no  armies  on  foot,  they  are  but  few,  without 
means  of  plantation  (as  bein^  separated  by  sea),  and 
•very  man  having  free  will  to  take  or  leave.  The  country 
to  be  inhabited  hsA  no  sign  of  plantation,  and  yet  is  full 
of  people  and  subject,  but  of  no  faith  nor  truth  in  conver- 
sation, and  yet  nardly,  or  not  at  all,  to  be  removed, 
though  they  be  thorns  in  the  sides  of  the  English.  The 
county  of  Tyrone,  with  Colrane  only,  has  5,000  able  men 


[native  Irish],  by  which  their  lordships  may  likewise 
consider  of  the  rest."  This  state  of  affaire  required  that 
the  English  and  Scottish  settlers  should  come  in  poverfbl 
companies,  and  that  they  should  plant  so  near  each  oClicr 
as  to  be  able,  on  short  notice,  to  ndlv  for  mutual  delenoe. 

(5).  Or  thereabouts. — The  Irish  land  measure  abote- 
named  varied  in  extent  at  different  places  or  districts, 
even  in  the  same  county.  A  balliboe  in  the  county  ol 
Armagh  was  120  acres,  or  double  the  extent  here  repre- 
sented. The  planters  accepted  it  in  Tyrone  as  60  acics» 
which  was  no  doubt  the  general  interpretation  of  its 
extent  throughout  that  county.  '*ThetMillybo  or  ' 
land,' "  says  Dr.  Reeves,  "appears  analagous  in 
to  the  Latin  bovata,  or  Saxon  oxgcmg.  This 
contained  three  sessiaghs,  which  are  jointly  represented 
in  the  modem  townland  survey."  See  Proceedings  of 
Royal  Irish  Academy ^  voL  vii.,  pp.  478,  483. 

(6).  98,187  Acres, — This  quantity  is  only  to  be  mider^ 
stood  as  including  the  arable  portions  of  such  lands  as 
were  escheated  in  the  county  of  Tyrone — exclnding  not 
only  such  lands  as  had  not  been  forfeited  after  then^^ 
of  the  earls,  but  also  all  lands  that  were  classed  as  *m- 
profitable,*  f.^.,  muirlands,  morasses,  bogs,  or  coteied 
with  woods.     Dr.  Beaufort  states  that  the  county  ***M»»^mc 
467,175  Irish  acres,  or  751,387  acres  of  English  metsnre. 
The  writer  in  the  Parliamentary  Gazetteer  affirms  thai 
there  are  at  least  806,640  acres  in  Tyrone,  of  which 
450,286  acres  are  arable;   311,867  acres  uncultiTated ; 
X  1,981  plantations;  and  the  remainder  water,  exceplinc 
sniall  portions  around  several  towns  in  the  county.     The 
greatest. length  of  Tyrone,  from  the  sununit  of  Croaih 
mountain  to  the  town  of  Caledon,  on  the  Blackwater,  is 
a  little  over  38  miles,  and  its  greatest  breadth  alone 
western  border,  over  Strabane  and  Lough  Dei^r,  is  _ 
miles.     7*he  Book  of  Survey  above  referred  to'  was  tlttt. 
for  which  the  materials  had  been  hastily  collected  dmiai; 
the  autumn  of  x6o8.    The  surveyora  on  that  occaaoa, 
and  indeed  in  the  survey  afterwards  made  durii^   the 
autumn  of  the  following  year,  if  they  did  not  deUbentdjt 
wish  to  mislead,  had  but  a  very  indefinite  idea  of  the  ftm 
territorial  extent  of  the  six  counties. 


THE   PROJECT   OF    PLANTATION. 


93 


or  a  thousand  Acres,  or  thereabouts,  forty  nine  proportions,  and  ninety  three  Acres  and  a  half  to 
spare. 

The  half  of  the  other  Moiety,  or  third  part,  being  392  Ballyboes,  and  three  fourths,  or  24,547 
Acres,  will  make  of  the  middle  quantity,  consisting  of  twenty  four  Ballyboes,  or  fifteen  hundred 
Acres,  or  thereabouts,  sixteen  proportions,  and  eight  Ballyboes,  and  three  fourths,  or  547  Acres 
over. 

The  other  half  of  this  Moiety,  or  the  fourth  part,  containing  likewise  392  Ballyboes,  and  three 
fourths,  or  24,547  Acres,  will  make  of  the  greatest  quantity,  of  32  Ballyboes,  or  2000  Acres,  or 
thereabouts,  twelve  Proportions,  and  eight  Ballyboes,  and  tjiree  fourths,  or  547  Acres  over. 

So  as  the  whole  County,  being  thus  divided,  will  make  up  seventy  seven  proportions  of  all 
Unds,  and  the  odd  Fractions  do  make  one  small  proportion  more,  and  three  Ballyboes,  or  188 
Acres  over  to  be  added  to  the  next  Parish. 

And  to  avoid  confusion,  and  bis  Majesty's  farther  charge  in  measuring  the  whole  County, 
every  Ballyboe  is  to  have  the  same  bounds  and  quantity,  as  were  known,  set  out,  and  used  at  the 
time  of  the  departure  of  the  late  traitor  Tyrone. 

The  whole  County  being  thus  divided  unto  several  quantities,  or  proportions,  before  there,  be 
any  Distribution  made  to  Undertakers,  we  think  convenient  first  to  make  a  deduction  out  of  the 
wiK)le  for  the  Church,  or  State  of  the  Clergy  in  that  County,  which  may  be  done  in  this  manner : — 


The  Portion  of  the  Church. 

The  Termon  Lands  claimed  partly  by  the  Primate  of  Armagh  (7),  and  partly  by  the  bishop  of 
Clogher  and  Derry  (8)  as  the  demesnes  of  their  bishopricks  (whereas  they  are  now  found  by 


(7).  Armagh, — The  termon  lands  in  Tyrone  claimed 

^  the  primate  and  conceded  to  him  were  the  foUowing, 

^'**-,    in  the  barony  of  Leughinsholin^   the  termon  of 

^^Minagkt  and  parcel  of  Derrilowan,  including  the  towns 

•nd  lands  of  Donularan,  one  balliboe ;  Cordiriga,  two 

h^ibocs ;   Coulreagh,    two  balliboes  ;  Keilnaman,   two 

JjlHbocs ;  Clare,  two  balliboes  ;    Craughell,    Claggan, 

^oyrosse,  Ballymonagh,  Balligilly,  or  Ballinagilly,  Don- 

''^ore,  Moyboy,  Dirrileigh,  Lettirahan,  Deriginard,  Moy- 

CQstobanui,    Dirricanna,    ^allinacrivy,     and    all    other 

ll^s  in  said   termon,  except  a  house,   garden,  and  a 

^^  balliboe,   being  the  rector*?   and   vicar's  glebe;— 

^  tennon  or  erenagh  land  of  Lesson^  viz.,  the  towns 

•od  lands  of  Forgarrcn,  Clongony,  Crinagh,  Tannagan, 

Uionj^lasse,  Tatenegeiltagh,  Neveheboy,  and  all  other 

■ods  m  said  termon,  except  a  house,  a  garden,  and  two 

f°^  bdng  the  rector's  glebe ;  the  termon  or  erenagh 

^  of  Ballinderry,  containing  the  towns  and  lands  of 

^edeiy,  Derrichrien,  and  BalTivolan,  and  all  other  lands 

^said  termon,  except  one  acre,  being  the  vicar's  glebe  ; 

"*  termon  or  erenagh   land  of   Dromcahevestan^  con- 

^»n^  Tidlaghatcmple,  Tollocarbud,  Dromsey,  and  Tul- 

"g^dromgcrit ;  the  termon  or  erenagh  lands  of  Towlagh- 

'U^lan,  one  balliboe  each  ;  the  termon  or  erenagh  land 

^ttra^  containing  Ballecuske,  Towlaght;  and    Dmm- 

^^^^^^lyn^  containing  Ballinevallie,  Lan^hcarmacky, 

Morrascnllen,  and  Carraghdarragh,  one  balliboe  each ; — 


the  territory  of  Ltetsan^  containing  Camys,  Tullynure, 
Tires  wine,  Killnebaske,  Tullenegarve,  Moyagh,  Knocka- 
doe,  and  Ballindintagh ;  the  towns  and  lands  of  Mallenagh, 
Anaghoula,  and  Claggan.  In  the  barony  of  Clogher,  the 
termon  or  erenagh  lands  of  Erregalkeroge,  containii^ 
Lissarogan,  Tenile,  Clonehagh,  Lisneowlart,  Tawnagar* 
rou^h,  and  Tatekedagh.  In  the  barony  of  Omey — the 
territory  of  Termonmaguirke,  containing  Anisaranan, 
Lignasmara,  Mullin,  Cregnadenashy,  Creghan,  Aghma- 
hamy,  Aghnegr^;an^  Ballynoolin,  Tatekeile,  and  all 
other  lan(u  in  said  territory,  except  a  house,  a  garden, 
and  one  sessiagh,  being  the  vicar's  glebe.  The  following 
lands  in  Derrilowran,  viz.,  Cowlenehawlagh,  Balline- 
crosse  ;  the  following  lands  in  Ballinclog,  viz.,  BallidoUy 
and  Crosspatrick,  one  balliboe  each  ;  the  lands  of  ToUy- 
niskin,  two  sessiaghs ;  a  parcel  called  Drumsheale,  and 
Noughee,  one  balliboe."  See  Patent  Rolls,  James  I., 
p.  274. 

(8).  Derry, — ^The  lands  in  Tyrone  claimed  and  ob- 
tained by  the  bishop  were — in  the  barony  of  Strabane — 
the  tennon  lands  of  Cappy,  containing  Tawnamore, 
Golan,  Kangarrowe,  Sessioghtemple,  and  Donbrin^  ex- 
cept a  house,  a  garden,  and  two  acres  of  land,  being  the 
vicar's  glebe ;  the  termon  lands  of  Bodoony,  containii^ 
Barnes,  Canaghy,  Castledough,  and  Dromsper ;  the 
tennon  lands  of  Ardsragh,  containing  ListrykilUn, 
Cooler^lasse,  Kilshaglo,  Lislaffertie,  Camekeman^'Pra- 


94 


THE   PLANTATION   IN   ULSTER* 


inquisition  to  be  escheated  unto  his  Majesty)  and  that  the  bishops  had  only  certain  pensions  and 
some  other  Duties  issuing  out  of  the  same,  do  contain  the  number  of  three  hundred  and  four 
Ballyboes,  or  nineteen  thousand  Acres,  which  his  Majesty  may  be  pleased  to  bestow  upon  the  said 
archbishoprick  and  bishoprick,  for  the  better  maintenance  of  the  archbishops,  bishops,  and  their 
Dignitaries,  and  in  lieu  of  their  Tertia  Episcopalis^  or  third  part  of  the  tithes  of  the  county  (9). 

Out  of  the  Residue  his  Majesty  may  be  likewise  pleased,  out  of  his  Princely  Bounty,  to  giant 
to  every  Parsonage  a  new  Endowment  of  certain  Lands  for  the  Glebe  thereof,  according  to  the 
third  general  point  set  down ;  which  in  this  County  will  extend  to  ninety  eight  Ballyboes,  ofi  six 
thousand  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  acres  (10). 

The  Monastery  Lands  do  contain  only  twenty  one  Ballyboes,  or  13 12  Acres;  whereof  four 
Ballyboes,  or  250  acres,  are  in  lease  for  twenty  one  years,  and  so  many  more  granted  in  fee-iarm 
(11);  the  other  thirteen  Ballyboes,  or  813  acres  in  Possession,  and  the  reversion  of  the  four 
Ballyboes,  which  are  in  Lease,  may  be  disposed  to  the  College  in  Dublin  (12)  to  fill  up  part  of 
their  Book  granted  by  Queen  Elizabeth,  for  which  they  shall  pay  only  half  as  much  as  the  English 
and  Scottish  Undertakers  are  to  pay  by  the  Articles  in  the  printed  conditions. 


luske,  Crossecoula,  Burrinecreeny,  Curranefarne,  Coole- 
rarr,  Doonyenan,  Cavanescrivy,  Bernelad,  Laragh,  and 
Shanmullagh ;  the  tennpn  lands  of  Donoghchiddy^  con- 
taining Ardkenne,  Tpemoylan,  Le]rtrim,  and  Boynowen, 
except  four  acres,  being  the  vicar's  glebe  ;  the  termon  or 
erenagh  land  of  Umey,  containing  Aghnedawnagh, 
Cogan,  Numin,  and  Loneford, — Camus  two  balliboes, 
and  Clonekerry  one  balhboe.  In  Onuy  barony^  the 
termon  or  erenagh  lands  of  Dromragh,  containing 
Nahany,  Killyfoure,  Drombenine,  Clonachrs,  Nadun-Iny, 
Lavarine,  Lassan,  Ballintemple,  Tologhmore,  Cuilin, 
and  Lisharune,  except  a  house,  a  garden,  and  nine  acres, 
the  vioir's  glebe ;  the  termon  land  of  Lamchiell^  con- 
taining Ballyanway,  Ballycullin,  Ballinecloggins,  and 
Dromechintaramon.  In  Strabam  barony^  Ballinnelinny. 
Patent  R^lls^  pp.  279,  280. 

(9).  Of  the  county,  —  "In  the  dioceses  of  Derry  and 
Rapho  the  tithes  of  each  parish  were  divided  into  three 
equal  parts,  of  which  one  was  assigned  to  the  rector,  one 
to  the  vicar,  and  the  third  to  the  herenagh.  The  last  was 
called  the  bishop's  Third,  and  in  former  times  was  given 
directly  to  the  diocesan  ;  but  as  the  tithes  were  paid  in 
kind,  and  the  collection,  when  so  diffused,  necessarily 
entailed  much  trouble  and  loss,  the  Bishop's  Third  [  Ttrtia 
Episcopalis]  was  transferred  to  the  parochial  farmer,  the 
herenagh,  who  in  return  paid  the  bishop  by  an  annual 
pension  or  composition  at  the  same  time  that  he  accounted 
for  the  rent  of  his  church-land.  The  amount  presently 
became  fixed,  and  formed  a  stated  portion  of  tne  Epis- 
copal income."  See  Archbishop  Colton's  Visita/wn, 
edited  by  Dr.  Reeves,  p.  66. 

(10).  Twenty-five  acres. — In  Tyrone,  the  incumbents 
got  5580  acres.  There  are  thirty-five  parishes  in  this 
county,  of  which  twenty  belong  to  the  diocese  of  Armagh, 


eleven  to  that  of  Derry,  and  four  to  Clogher.  (See 
fort's  Memoir  of  a  Map  of  Ireland,  p.  27).  The  buonj 
of  Dungannon  contains  twelve  whole  p>arishes,  and  puts 
of  eight  other  parishes ;  the  barony  of  Clogher  contmiiis 
two  whole  parishes,  and  parts  of  three  other  parishes ; 
the  baromr  of  Omagh  contains  eight  whole  parishes,  and 
parts  of  four  other  parishes  ;  and  the  barony  of  StndMUK 
contains  seven  whole  parishes,  and  parts  of  three  otlier 
parishes.     See  Parliamentary  Gazetteer,  vol.  vL,  p.  44^ 

(11).  Fee-farm, — These  lands  had  belonged  to  the  reli* 

S'ous  house  known  as  the  Franciscan  friary  of  Omej  or 
magh,  and  were  granted  in  fee-simple  to  Robert  Legives- 
ter,  on  the  17th  of  May,  1604,  but  were  soon  afterwards 
held  by  Captain  Edmund  Leigh.  In  Leycester's  grant  the 
house  is  called  a  '  franciscan  friary,'  but  Chichester spemks 
of  it  as  a  '  small  abb^. '  Among  a  number  of  places  men* 
tioned  by  the  latter,  in  1605,  as  requiring  to  be  held  and 
^rrisoned,  was  "St  Omey,  seated  upon  the  river  Omey, 
m  Tyrone,  20  miles  beneath  Dungannon,  in  the  way  to 
the  Lififer,  from  which  it  is  12  miles  distant.  Roond 
about  this  place  [St.  Omey]  there  is  a  general  drsolition, 
by  reason  of  which  it  happeneth  that  merchants  and 
other  passengers  weakly  guarded,  travelling  to  and  finom 
the  Derrie  or  Liffer  to  the  Pale,  are  usually  in  their  pas- 
sage cut  off  and  murdered.  For  remedy  they  intoaa  to 
plant  there  an  English  servitor,  .  .  .  there  beiaf 
there  a  little  abbey  with  a  small  quantity  of  land  beloof- 
ing  to  it,  which  is  already  passed  upon  some  book  given 
by  his  Majesty  unto  Captain  Edmund  Leigh,  a  gentleman 
of  good  experience  in  those  parts,  who  hath  lived  there 
in  this  late  rebellion." 

(12).  In  Dublin, — These  lands  were  not  indnded 
among  the  extensive  grants  in  Ulster  finally  made  to 
Trinity  College. 


96  - 


THE  PLANTATION   IN   ULSTER, 


whereas  the  odd  Ballyboes  or  Acres  above  mentioned,  with  the  two  small  proportions  abated  from 
the  Undertakers,  do  amount  to  the  number  of  forty  four  Ballyboes,  or  two  thousand  seven  hundred 
and  fifty  Acres,  there  may  be  thirty  two  Ballyboes,  or  two  thousand  Acres,  allotted  to  the  same 
Towns,  videlicet^  eight  Ballyboes,  or  five  hundred  acres  to  Dungannon,  and  six  Ballyboes,  or  three 
hundred  and  seventy-five  Acres  a  Piece  to  the  other  Towns,  which  they  are  to  hold  in  Fee-Farmc, 
and  pay  such  Rent  as  the  English  or  Scottish  Undertakers. 

The  other  t^velve  Ballyboes,  or  seven  hundred  and  fifty  acres,  may  be  assigned  to  the 
maintenance  of  a  Free  School  to  be  erected  at  Mountjoy  (20). 

Touching  the  disposing  of  the  Natives,  some  may  be  planted  on  the  two  thousand  three 
hundred  and  twenty  three  Acres  of  Land  (21),  and  the  Glebes  of  the  Parsons  (22)  ;  others  upon  the 
I.ands  of  Sir  Arthur  O'Neairs  sons  (23),  and  Sir  Henry  Oge  O'Neairs  sons  (24),  and  of  such  other 
Irish  as  shall  be  thought  fit  to  have  any  Freeholds  there.  Some  others  may  be  placed  on  the 
portions  of  such  Servitors  as  are  not  able  to  inhabit  their  lands  with  English  or  Scottish  Tenants^ 
especially  of  such  as  know  best  how  to  rule  and  order  the  Irish  (25). 

But  the  Swordmen  are  to  be  transported  into  such  other  parts  of  the  Kingdom,  as  by  reason  of 
the  waste  Lands  therein  are  fittest  to  receive  them,  namely,  into  Conaght,  and  some  parts  of 


gannon  by  King's  garrisons  and  wards.  Upon  the  divi- 
sion and  settlement  of  the  county,  other  places  must  be 
found  out  and  strengthened  for  a  time,  as,  namely,  about 
the  Clogher,  where  lies  the  country  of  Sir  Cormocke 
O'Neale,  another  in  Uie  Glynnes  of  Glanconkeyne,  the 
Slute  [sliocht]  Artes  country,  and  two  or  other  places, 
which  will  require  further  consideration,  and  are  to 
be  kept  either  upon  the  King's  or  the  undertakers' 
charge  for  a  time.*  The  place  **in  the  Glynnes"  after- 
wards made  wardable  is  called  by  the  authors  of  the 
'Project'  I^ughensolin,  which  is  now  the  name  of  a 
barony  in  Londonderry,  but  which  was  then  applied  to 
one  locality  in  Tyrone,  and  correctly  written  Lxh-inis' 
&Lyn,  This  place  was  strengthened  and  garrisoned 
for  a  time,  but  was  never  destined,  at  least  for  so 
far,  to  become  a  town,  although  the  little  villa^ 
of  Desertmartin  grew  up  at  a  short  distance  from  it. 
Chichester's  suggestion  aoout  a  town  or  fortified  position 
in  the  Sliocht  Arte  country  came  to  nought.  The  only 
towns  in  Tyrone  that  became  corporate  were  Dungannon, 
Augher,  and  Strabane. 

(20).  Mountjoy, — For  the  two  purposes  here  specified, 
of  corporate  towns  and  a  Free  Royal  School,  2735  ^c^es 
were  set  apart 

(21).  Acres  of  Land, — This  quantity,  or  something 
more,  was  over  and  above  the  number  of  prop>ortions, 
and  was  supposed  by  the  '  Project '  makers  to  be  a  fitting 
place  for  a  portion  of  the  floating  and  now  landless  Irish 
population,  although  its  fitness  was  yet  to  be  decided. 

(22).  Cleb€i  of  the  Partani,—  1h&  clebe  lands  soon 
swarmed  with  the  natives,  who  were  willing  to  pay  higher 
rents  than  either  English  or  Scottish  immigrants,  and,  in 
this  respect,  suited  the  incumbents  better  than  their  pro- 
testant  flocks. 

(23).  .Sir  Arthur  0*Ne(d/s  j«wm.— Chichester  in  his 
'Notes'  has  the   following  reference  to   the  lands  of 


this  branch  of  the  O'Neills :  —  "  He  has  ddiircred 
the  possession  of  the  Newtowne  with  some  three  bftOy- 
betaghs  of  land  [about  3000  Irish  acres]  to  Tirlagh  and 
NealM'Arte,  the  children  of  Sir  Arte  O'Neale,  in  re- 
spect of  the  good  services  they  did  against  the  traitor 
O'Dogherty,  and  tlie  relief  they  gave  to  the  Lifier  iqKA 
the  burning  of  Derry.  Thinks  this  sufficient  for  tbo^ 
but  they  do  not.  If  the  King  will  be  pleased  to  reserve 
the  town  of  Straban,  which  stands  witnin  the  lands  now 
assigned  to  them,  and  give  them  a  greater  scope  on  dK 
other  side,  he  think  it  best  for  his  service,  tor  divot 
Scottish  men  will  plant  there,  and  make  it  a  pretty 
town,  albeit  it  was  all  burnt  to  the  ground  by  O'Dognertic* 
which  was  the  cause  they  [the  O  Neals]  were  pennitted 
to  take  it  at  thb  time." 

(24).  Sir  Henry  Oge  O'Neale' s  j<wm.— These  lands 
principally  in  Tyrone,  on  the  north-western  bank  of 
Blackwater,  and  were  in  possession  of  Sir  Henry's 
and  kinsmen. 

(25).  Order  the  Irish, — According  to  the  '  Orders 
Conditions'  already  discussed,  the  servitors  were 
mitted  to  plant  their  proportions  with  Irish,  if  they 

E leased ;  but,  as  a  premium  for  the  exclusioa  of  the 
itter,  the  servitors  were  told  that  they  could  have  all 
such  lands  as  they  would  plant  with  British  at  a  moic 
reasonable  rent.  (See  p.  85.)  The  servitors  generally, 
however,  greatly  preferred  the  natives  as  tenants^  not 
only  because  they  freely  received  higher  rents  from  tht 
latter,  but  because  also  they  could  much  more  easly 
"  rule  and  order  them"  man  the  cannie  Soot  or 
growlii^  Sassanach.  Some  servitors  were  better  knowm 
than  others  as  rulers  and  orderers  of  the  Irish,  amoi^ 
whom  may  be  specially  mentioned  Lambert,  SL  Jolii^ 
Ridgeway,  and  last  thou^  not  least,  Chichester  ' 
lelt 


THE   PROJECT   OF   PLANTATION. 


97 


Munster,  where  they  are  to  be  dispersed,  and  not  planted  together  in  one  Place  ;  and  such  Sword- 
^en  as  have  not  followers  or  cattle  of  their  own,  to  be  disposed  of  in  his  Majesty's  service  (26). 

The  CouNiT  of  Colerain. 

The  County  of  Colerain,  otherwise  called  O'Cahan's  County  [country],  is  divided  as 
Tyrone,  by  Ballyboes  (27),  and  doth  contain,  as  it  appeareth  by  the  Survey,  five  hundred  and 
^^  seven  Ballyboes,  or  34,187  Acres,  every  Ballyboe  containing  60  acres,  or  thereabouts,  as  in 
'Tyrone  .(28). 

Out  of  which  do  arise  24  Proportions,  and  three  Ballyboes,  or  187  acres  over,  to  be  added  to 

^c  next  parish,  viz.,  of  the  one  Moiety  there  do  arise  1 7  of  the  least  Proportions ;   and  of  the  one 

*^/' of  the  other  Moiety,  6  of  the  middle  sort ;  and  of  the  other  half  of  this  Moiety,  4  of  the  greatest; 

Cve/y  cf  which  Proportions  is  to  be  made  a  Parish,  and  every  Incumbent  to  have  his  Tithes,  Glebe, 

^d  other  Duties,  as  is  before  set  down  (29). 

For  the  Portion  of  the  Church. 

X-  The  Tennon  Lands  claimed  by  the  Bishop  of  Derry  do  contain  loi  Ballyboes  and  a  half, 
6,343   Acres,  and  three-fourths,  and  may  be  assigned,  if  it  please  his  Majesty,  to  the  Bishop  of 


I2S).  Sen/ice. — In  other  words,  any  of  the  swordmen 
^ko  liappened  to  have  some  friends  and  cattle,  must  be 
banislied  to  Connaught  and  Munster,  whilst  those  who 
1^  tieithcr  one  nor  other  were  to  be  enlisted  as  soldiers. 

U7).  By  Ballyboes. — See  p.  92.     Until  the  commence- 

?*^t.  of  the  seventeenth  century,  the  balliboe  was  variable 

"^  extent  throughout  0'Cahan*s  country,  and  generally 

^taincd  much  more  land  than  the  measure  so  named 

°y  these  commissioners  of  plantation.     **  The  balliboe,'* 

^ys  Dr.  Reeves,  **  was  one  of  the  three  components  of 

*  Smarter,   and  was  the  commonest  measure   of  land. 

**fkeeran  [one  of  the  baronies  in  the  county  of  Coleraine] 

^^^tained  14  ballybetaghs,  or  182  ballyboes,  which  gives 

Jii  average  of  13  balliboes  for  each  ballybetagh,  twelve 

being  the  exact  number.     In  this  barony  there  are  92,756 

^v*^  which,  being  divided  by  182,  give  about  509  as 

^c  average  extent  of  a  ballyboe.     There  are,  according 

to  the  Ordnance  Survey,  220  townlands,  each  containing 

^  average  of  about  406  acres,  so  that  the  ancient  bally- 

Doc  may  be  estimated  as  a  fifth  larger  than  our  present 

townland."      (See   Colton's    Visitation,   edited  by   Dr. 

^^  p.   130.)     This  great  discrepancy  between  the 

^DMnissioners'  balliboe  and  the  old  Irish  v  ballyboe  may 

go  fer  to  account  for  the  fact  frequently  stated,  that  the 

proportions  of  the  undertakers  contained  vastly  more 

"'wJ— stated  by  some  to  be  tenfold  more — than  was 

represented  at  the  time  of  plantation, 

(28).  In  Tyrone. — The  amount  of  acreage  here  assigned 
to  the  whole  county  of  Colerain  is  little  over  a  third  of 
what  is  contained  in  the  oiie  barony  of  Tirkeeran  !     Of 
the  two  other  baronies  with  that  of  Tirkeeran  then  form- 
ing the  county,    Kenaght  contains   128,692  acres,  and 
Coleraine  over   104,800  acres — showing  thus  an  extra- 
ordinary discrepancy  between  the  extent  of  lands  actually 
contained  in  the  old  county  of  Coleraine  and  that  which 
N 


the  commissioners  of  plantation  here  represented.  In 
his  *  Notes,*  Chichester  describes  this  county  *'as  of 
small  circuit,  containing  only  three  baronies,  two  of 
which  are  not  so  large  as  the  barony  of  Dungannon.  It 
[Coleraine  county]  has  been  of  long  time  attempted  for 
parcel  of  Tyrone.  **  It  was  not  only  *  attempted  in  this 
respect,  but  was  actually  part  and  parcel  of  the  princi- 
pality of  Tyrone,  even  until  the  commencement  of  the 
seventeenth  century.  When  the  whole  region  was  sur- 
veyed in  1 59 1,  0'Cahan*s  country  formed  three  baronies 
of  Tyrone.  (See  p.  29).  Davys,  in  his  Abstract  0/ 
Titles,  states  that  "the  country  or  territory  called 
O'Cahan's  country  was  reduced  into  a  county  [nominally 
in  1585],  and  called  the  county  of  Coleraine,  so  as  the 
county  had  the  same  limits  as  that  Irish  country  or  pre- 
cinct of  land  had,  and  no  other,  until  of  late  part  of 
O'Cahan's  country  was  included  within  the  peculiar 
county  of  the  city  of  Deny." 

(29).  Before  set  down, — The  reader  will  here  observe  a 
discrepancy  among  the  numbers  above  stated.  Accord- 
ing to  the  numbers,  there  ought  to  be  27  proportions  in 
all,  whereas  it  is  affirmed  there  were  only  24  and  three 
balliboes  over.  The  barony  of  Coleraine  now  contains 
the  parishes  of  Agivey,  Aghadowey,  Desertoghill,  Dun- 
boe,  Errigal,  Killowen,  Macosquin,  Ballyachran,  and 
Coleraine,  with  parts  of  the  parishes  of  Kilrea,  Tamlaght 
O'Crilly,  Balrashane,  Ballywillen,  Ballymoney,  and  Kil- 
doUagh  ;  the  barony  of  Kenaght  contains  the  parishes 
of  Aghanloo,  Balteagh,  Bovevagh,  Drumachose,  Dun- 
givin,  Magilligan,  and  Tamlaghtfinlagan,  with  part  of 
the  parish  of  Banagher  ;  the  barony  of  Tirkeerin  con- 
tains the  parishes  of  Clondermot,  Lower  Cumber,  and 
Faughanvale,  with  parts  of  the  parishes  of  Bannagher 
and  Upper  Cumber.  Thus,  the  county  of  Coleraine  now 
contains  19  whole  parishes,  with  large  portions  of  nine 
others. 


98 


THE   PLANTATIOlsr   IN    ULSTER* 


Derry,  for  the  better  maintenance  of  the  Bishop  and  Dignitaries,  and  in  lieu   of  the 
Epiicopalis  (30). 

2.  The  Dean  of  Derry's  Land  containing  6  Ballyboes,  or  375  Acres  to  remain  in  himsel 


(30).  Episcopaiis.  — The  termon  lands  claimed  by 
Uishop  Montgomery  throughout  this  county,  and  handed 
over  in.  demesne  to  the  bishoprick  of  Deny,  together 
with  those  in  the  barony  of  Loughinsholin  soon  afterwards 
annexed  were: — i.  In  Loughinsholin  barony,  the  termon 
or  erena£[h  land  of  Tervionany^  containing  four  balliboes, 
called  Ballycareighy,  Knock-Ichilty,  Lisdroghell,  and 
Ballynetollagh  ;  the  termon  land  of  Tawlaght^  containing 
the  five  balliboes  of  Dromakanany,  Dromagaman,  Dro- 
meane,  Moniloghran,  and  Dromlishey  ;*  the  termon 
land  of  Afaghtryeaghf  containing  the  6^  balliboes  of 
Ballymacreeny,  Tawnymullen,  Creggamore,  Largagan- 
taghy,  Creggada,  Tullaghartruy,  and  Bally vonymore, 
except  six  acres  of  glebe  belon^ng  to  the  vicar  ;  the 
termon  land  of  Killalaghy^  containing  the  four  balliboes 
of  Tyronony,  ToUykeran,  Ballymeanagh,  and  Tircheana, 
except  three  acres  being  the  vicar's  glebe ;  the  termon 
land  of  Kilcntnighan,  containing  the  four  balliboes  of 
Ballintrossa,  Derriskerdan,  Derrigranagh,  and  Killene- 
hawla ;  the  termon  land  of  Ballinescrine,  containing  the 
six  balliboes  of  Ballynetollabrick,  Ballyvonachony,  Bally- 
chanan,  Ballinwey,  Donnarvan,  and  Ballinehoureagh, 
except  three  acres  being  the  vicar's  glebe  ;  the  termon 
land  of  Descrtmartin^  containing  the  four  balliboes  of 
Shra-Inishnagardy,  Moydrowne,  Magher3rvalleyfarson, 
and  Ballinecorrewe,  except  three  acres  being  the  vicar's 
glebe ;  the  termon  land  of  Ballinscollin^  otherwise  Inis- 
tide,  being  one  balliboe,  except  one  acre  of  the  vicar's 
glebe.  2.  Barony  of  Coleraine — the  termon  land  of 
Dttnboe^  containing  the  six  balliboes  of  Banreigh,  Drom- 
negally,  Nabuiy,  and  Ballymadigan,  except  a  garden, 
being  the  vicar's  glebe  there ;  the  termon  land  of 
Grangeaghmore^  containing  the  twelve  balliboes  of  Bally- 
mullen,  Ardtynagh^  Nagrangeagh,  Ballinevlackaghmore, 
Quilly,  Grangeaghmore,  Ballinevlackaghbegg,  Ballyeany, 
Mosnegie,  and  Famlessessery,  except  all  the  lands  belong- 
ing to  the  Archdeacon  of  Derry  ;  the  termon  land  of 
Aghadonvfy,  containing  one  ballybetagh,  known  by  the 
names  of  Lygowny,  Ballycally,  Balliquin,  Monacarra, 
Creevelagh,  Dromnedaragh,  Ballybrittin,  Lismaghan, 
Killin,  Lissemuckey,  Givebegg,  Ballydaly,  and  Ardes, 
except  a  garden,  being  the  glebe  of  the  vicar ;  the 
termon  land  of  Disert-Ioughill,  containing  the  four 
balliboes  of  Templedisert,  Cloghtegall,  Drom-Ifrin,  and 
Moylatraghkill ;  the  termon  land  of  Tentplearregall^ 
containing  the  four  balliboes  of  Templearregall,  Owter, 
Brackagh,  and  Gortnemoyagh,  except  a  garden,  being 
the  vicar's  glebe ;  Camus,  one  Quarter  with  the  castle 
of  Castlerowe ;  Ballynas,  one  balliboe,  with  a  weir 
there,  in  or  near  Ballynasse ;  the  termon  land  of  Kill- 
owen.  3.  Londonderry  County,  barony  of  Lymcvaddy  ; 
the  termon  land  of  Tamlaghtard^  otherwise  Termon- 
Magilligan,  containing  two  ballybetaghs,  known  by  the 
names  of  Bally-Imulfedder,  Dowaghmoy,  Ballyvagallary, 
Ballymoregan,  Gortmore,  Ballynickwellan,  Dromen, 
Uehtaghmore,  Bally-Illeghy,  Bally-Imulchallan,  Droma- 
muly,  Drowncrine,  Ballyskellan,  Tawlaghard,  Dromon- 


Ichagha,  BallyvickvoltiiAore,  Cloggan,  Tolly,  a 
eamy,  except  a  garden,  l>eing  the  vicar's  glet 
termon  land  of  Aghlowe,  containing  the  three  b 
of  Ballishannagh,  Cooleaghy,  and  Balljrmanagfa, 
two  gardens,  being  the  vicar's  glebe  ;  the  term< 
of  Dromchoose  and  Baldaw^,  or  Boydafeigh,  botl 
by  the  common  name  of  Termonconny,  containi 
quarters,  called  Trine-Cahary,  Mullinedrenagh,  \ 
chome,  Banalhy,  Altenagh,  Carrowmakilly,  T 
garke,  Ballyvolly,  and  Dromges ;  the  termon 
Tawlaghtfinlagan,  containing  two  quarters,  called 
tranan,  Shanereagh,  Tollyhill,  Cloghonie,  Moylc! 
Tirenekemy,  and  Glaskard,  except  a  garden,  be 
vicar's  glebe  ;  the  termon  land  of  Boyvfyn^^  coi 
half  a  quarter  called  Clonganabogh  and  Ardna 
except  a  garden,  being  the  vicar's  glebe ;  the 
land  of  Bannachor,  containing  two  qnarters,  calh 
nan,  Templemoyle,  Camaban,  Dercchrier,  and 
loske.  4.  Annagh  Barony,  the  termon  land  of  a 
valCf  containing  two  quarters  called  Tullyvarry,  Kill 
Goolagh,  and  Kenneletter ;  the  termon  land  of 
m^y  containing  the  four  balliboes  of  Claydagh,  Ow< 
Banknyderry,  and  Arran,  except  a  garden,  bd 
vicar's  gletic ;  the  termon  land  of  Clony^  con 
four  balliboes,  out  of  which  two  are  annually  \ 
the  i\rchbishop  of  Armagh  ;  two  pooles  in  Loo^ 
wherein  salmon  were  taken  hear  Clony.  5.  Lond^ 
and  Antrim  counties ^  two  tide- waters'  fishing 
river  Bann,  in  the  place  for  taking  salmon,  on  ft 
after  St.  John  the  Baptist's  day;  half  of  the  tithe 
the  fish  and  fishings  in  the  Bann,  except  the  tithes  1 
ing  to  the  Lord  Chichester;  and  all  the  tithes 
taken  in  Loughfoile,  which  were  found  by  an  Inqti 
taken  at  Dungannon,  22nd  August,  1609,  to  bd 
old  to  the  See  of  Derry."    Patent  Rolls,  p.  279. 

(31).  In  himself, — The  commissioners  here  spc 
cidedly  as  to  tlie  quantity  of  land  belonging  to  th 
of  Derry,  but  the  jurors,  at  the  inquisition  held  aftei 
in  1609,  could  only  say  that  the  dean  "ought  to  h 
right  of  his  deanery,  a  small  plot  or  parcel  of  land 
island  of  Derry,  but  the  meres  and  bounds  thei 
inquisition  findeth  not."  It  found,  however,  tl 
dean  had  '*four  quarters  of  land  lying  outside  th< 
of  Derry  in  O'Cahan's  country."  The  quarter  th< 
tained  about  three  plantation  balliboes,  of  60  acn 
which  would  amount  to  about  540  acres,  llie  : 
formed  Dean  of  Derry  was  William  McTaggart,  « 
also  been  the  last  Roman  Catholic  dean  prior  to  1 
1603.  "But  though  he  had  conformed  to  the  Pr 
faith,  probably  in  the  hope  of  retaining  his  deaner 
appears  that  he  actually  did  retain  the  lands  then  \ 
to  it  till  1609 — he  was  not  continued  therein,  bat 
thereof  was  preferred  by  the  Lord  Deputy  to  tli 
parishes  of  Termoneeny,  and  Kilcronaghan,  of  w 
was  incumbent  as  late  as  1623."  See  Memoi 
Parish  of  TempUmore,  pp.  66,  67. 


THE   PROJECT   OF   PLANTATION. 


99 


3.  Out  of  the  Residue,  34  Ballyboes,  or  2,125  Acres,  may  be  assigned  to  the  Glebes  of  the 
icumbents  (32). 

j^  Out  of  the  Monastery  Lands  (33),  i8  Ballyboes,  or  1,125  Acres,  maybe  passed  to  the 
College  of  Dublin  (34),  and  the  other  6  Ballyboes,  or  375  Acres  to  be  allotted  to  the  maintenance 
)f  a  Free  School  to  be  erected  at  Lymevaddy  (35). 

Portion  of  the  Undertakers. 

All  which  being  deducted,  there  remain  382  Ballyboes,  or  23,875  Acres  to  be  divided  amongst 

the  Undertakers,  which  will  make,  according  to  the  form  of  Division  made  of  the  J^nds  in  Tyrone, 

iS  Proportions,  viz.,  of  the  least  1 1,  of  the  middle  4,  and  of  the  greatest  3,  and  fourteen  Ballyboes, 

or  875  Acres;  whereof  may  be  allotted  to  the  English  and  Scottish  Undertakers  12  Proportions, 

viz.,  8  of  the  least,  2  of  the  middle,  and  2  of  the  greatest.     To  the  Servitors,  one  of  the  middle 

sort;  and  to  the  Natives  5  Proportions,  viz.,  3  of  the  least,  one  of  the  middle,  and  one  of  the 

great  (36). 

The  odd  14  Ballyboes,  875  Acres,  may  be  equally  allotted  to  two  corporate  Towns  or  Burrowes, 
to  be  erected,  One  at  Lymevaddy,  and  the  other  at  Dungevin,  which  are  to  have  reasonable  Liber- 
tics,  to  send  Burgesses  to  Parliament,  and  to  hold  their  Lands  in  Fee-farm  as  aforesaid  (37). 
The  Natives  to  be  placed  or  planted  as  in  Tyrone  (38). 


(32).  Incumifnts. — Prior  to  this  time,  incumbents  had 

5^Y  Toy  small  quantities  of  land  as  glebes,  few  of  them, 

^'^'ieed,  having  more,   or  as  much  as  half  a  dozen   of 

•Qf^es,     In  ecclesiastical  and  other  documents  of   the 

period,  these  glebes  were  generally  designated  gardens, 

^  goite,  "the  Irish ^rf,  the  Latin  kartiis^  and  the  English 

^^^  being  cerate  t^rms.     These  gorts  are  now  held 

"T  the  rectors  with  the  great  glebes,  which  were  allotted 

y   the  plantation  of  Ulster.     They  are  very  small, — 

Ep»endly  a  field  or  two  close  to  the  old  church.     Thus,  in 

Tanlaghtard  or  Magilligan,  there  is  a  small  denomination 

J*  five  acres  and  four  perches,  near  the  ruined  church, 

™<i  by  the  rector,  and  set  out  on  the  Ordnance  Map  as  a 

J^twct  townland  called  Gart,     The  gorts  varied  in  size 

mm  one  acre  to  a  sessiagh,  but  five  acres  might  be  con- 

«ered  as  the  average."     (See  Cohon's  Visztalion.  edited 

^  Reeves,  p.    1 18).     Davys,  hi  his  Abstract  of  TUUs, 

^tes  that  throughout   the  county  of  Coleraine,    "the 

S^  knds  found   to  belong  to  parsons  and  vicars  do 

^**tain  eighteen  garden  plots,  or  thereabouts." 

(33).  Monastery  lands,  — Davys,  in  his  Abstract  of  Titles^ 

^testhat  these  lands  "contain  22  balliboes,  all  of  which 

■je  been  brought  into  charge  since  his  Majesty  came  to 

Jl*  Crown,  and  not  before,  and  have  been  passed  upon 

™^p3  books  of   fee-farm   to  sundry   servitors,     18    of 

•l"ch  the  late  Earl  of  Tyrone  purchased  of  Sir  John 

Sydney,   do  now  again  come  to  the    Crown  by    the 

list  attainder  of  the  said  earl ;   the  other  four  are  parcel 

fi  the  possessions  of  the  abbey  of  Anogh,  and  are  passed 

t0  Sir  Toby  Calfield."     "  But  four  leases,"  adds  Chiches- 

ier,  "were  made  by  the  fiist  purchasexs  before  they  were 

vM  over  to  that  earl,  which  are  yet  ia  being." 


(34)-  Of  Dublin. — No  part  of  these  abbey  lands  was 
appropriated  as  here  recommended. 

(35)*  ^^  Lymevaddy. — No  such  school  was  ever  erected 
at  this  place  ;  but  a  Free  School  was  afterwards  estab- 
lished at  Derry,  in  16 16,  the  orimn  and  history  of  which 
will  be  noticed  in  a  subsequent  chapter. 

(36).  Of  the  great. — The  work  of  planting  this  county 
of  Coleraine  was  soon  afterwards  handed  over  to  a  com- 
pany of  Londoners,  and  was  by  them  conducted  on  a  plan 
differing  in  several  respects  from  the  arrangement  recom- 
mended above.  The  plantation  of  Londonderry  will  be 
afterwards  noticed  in  detail. 

(37).  As  aforesaid. — There  were  corporate  privileges 
afterwards  granted  to  Lymevaddy,  but  not  to  Dungivin. 

(38).  In  Tyrone, — Among  the  regulations  anecting 
such  natives  as  should  be  permitted  to  have  any 
homes  in  Ulster,  one  was  regarded  bv  the  settlers  as  in- 
dispensable, to  wit,  that  they  [the  Irish]  should  be  forced 
to  give  up  their  creaghting.  In  Chichester's  "notes" 
occurs  the  following  passage  in  reference  to  this  point  :— 
*'lk)th  the  one  kind  and  the  other  [Irish  of  high  and 
humble  rank  alike]  are  to  be  drawn  fix>ni  their  course  of 
running  up  and  down  the  country  with  their  cattle,  which 
they  term  creaghinge,  and  are  to  settle  themselves  in 
towns  and  villages. "  It  is  curious  that  the  custom  here 
so  decidedly  condenmed  exists  among  the  Gael  of  Scot- 
land even  to  the  present  time,  although  of  course  in  a 
modified  form.  It  is  described  as  existing  there  even  so 
lately  as  the  year  1850,  and  it  still  probably  holds  its  place 
as  an  important  agricultural  arrangement.  *<  The  prin- 
cipal  farmers,"  says  an  ejre- witness,  *'who  reside  in  the 
straths  or  valleys,  along  the  banks  of  the  streams,  lucve 
extensive  grazings  in  the  mountains  where  the  cattle  ape 


lOO 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


There  are  in  this  County  divers  fishings,  touching  the  Disposition  whereof  his  Majesty's 
is  to  be  known  (39). 

The  Moiety  of  the  fishing  of  the  Ban,  unto  which  Moiety,  as  likewise  unto  the  othei 
the  Assignees  of  Sir  William  Godolphin  {40)  make  claim,  by  a  Lease  for  2 1  years,  made 
of  Elizabeth,  which  Lease  hath  been  in  question,  and  allowed  by  the  State  in  Ireland ; 
Assignees  of  John  Wakeman  do  claim  the  Fee-Simple  thereof  by  Letters  Patents  dated  t 
Jacobi  (41). 


driven  in  summer.  When  the  crop  is  sown  and  the  peats 
cut,  the  guidwife  and  her  maids,  with  some  of  the  male 
part  of  the  family,  occasionally  set  out  with  the  milch 
cows  and  goats,  and  take  up  their  residence  in  the 
sheiling  or  airie,  which  is  a  hut  or  bothy,  with  one  apart- 
ment, perhaps  12  feet  square,  for  the  purpose  of  eating 
and  sleeping  in,  another  of  a  similar  size  for  the  milk 
vessels  ;  and,  in  general  there  is  a  small  fold,  to  keep  the 
calves  apart  from  the  cows.  Here  they  employ  them- 
selves industriously  in  making  butter  and  cheese,  living 
on  the  produce  of  their  flocks,  some  oatmeal,  and  a  little 
whisky,  contented,  happy,  and  healthy,  dancing  to  the 
pipes  or  the  melody  of  their  voices,  and  singing  their  old 
native  songs,  not  only  in  the  interval  of  work,  but  in 
milking  their  flocks,  who  listen  with  pleasure  and  atten- 
tion to  the  music,  particularly  to  an  air  appropriate  to 
their  occupation,  of  which  the  animals  even  evince  a 
fondness.  Here  they  remain  for  about  six  weeks,  the 
men  occasionally  returning  to  the  homestead  to  collect 
their  peats,  when  the  pastures  becomimi^  exhausted,  they 
all  return  to  the  farm,  leaving  the  young  cattle  and  horses 
to  roam  at  freedom  among  the  hills,  until  the  severity  of 
the  winter  drives  them  home.  The  practice  was  to  rear  a 
calf  for  every  two  cows,  and  after  the  family  were  served 
with  the  produce  of  the  dairy,  there  were  24  or  30  pounds 
of  butter,  and  as  much  cheese,  from  each  cow.  *  See 
Logan's  Scottish  Gael,  vol.  ii.,  p.  61. 

(39).  Is  to  be  known. — This  was  an  interesting  problem 
which  many  were  anxious  to  have  solved  without  delay. 
When  Chichester  was  sending  Ley  and  Davys  to  London, 
the  *  notes  of  remembrance'  with  which  he  supplied  them 
contains  the  following  injunction  relating  to  the  fisheries 
in  this  county  of  Colcraine  : — "  They,  Ley  and  Davys, 
**niust  remember  to  declare  the  fishings  of  the  river  of 
l^ughfoyle,  the  Ban,  and  other  places  which  are  in  this 
county,  and  what  claims  are  made  to  them,  that  the 
Ix)rds  [the  council  in  London]  may  truly  understand  the 
slate  of  them,  and  therein  declare  their  pleasures. " 

(40).  Godolphin. — This  Sir  \Vm.  Godolphin  belonged 
to  an  ancient  and  distinguished  family  in  Cornwall,  and 
he  came  to  Ireland  with  Robert  the  Second  Devereux 
Karl  of  Essex,  remaining  after  the  return  of  that  unfortu- 
nate nobleman,  and  becoming  a  prominent  actor  in  secur- 
ing the  Earl  of  Tyrone's  surrender  in  1602.  On  the  14th 
July,  42nd  of  Elizabeth  [1600],  "the  whole  water  or 
river  of  the  Banne"  was  demised  to  him,  **with  the  fishing 
and  taking  of  salmon  and  all  other  kinds  of  fish,  for  21 
years— rent  lol.  And  if  it  shall  happen  that  he  shall  in 
any  year  peaceably,  quietly,  and  without  interruption 
enjoy  the  fiishing  and  taking  of  salmon  in  the  water  of  the 


B^nne,  then  he  shall  pay  40/."  (See  Morrin's 
reign  of  Elizabeth,  p.  562).  Godolphin  appcj 
returned  to  England  on  the  close  of  the  war,  an 
disposed  of  his  interest  in  the  Bann  to  Mountjo 
(41).  7hird  Jacobi. -~T\it  year  1605.  A 
(|uisition  held  in  Lymavaddy,  1609,^  there  wa 
tion  of  Godolphin's  lease,  but  Davys  states  tl 
temporal  lands  in  the  county  were  found  ves 
King  "except  the  moiety  of  the  fishing  of  the 
granted  by  nis  Majesty  to  John  Wakeman  anc 
in  fee  simple,  who  sold  it  to  James  Hamilton  c 
who,  at  the  request  and  in  the  presence  of 
Deputy  that  now  is,  made  an  absolute  contrai 
Earl  of  Tyrone,  to  convey  to  the  said  earl  the  s 
for  2CxV.,  which  was  afterwards  payed  by  the 
it  doth  not  appear  that  any  conveyance  was  nu 
fishing  by  Hamilton  to  the  earl  before  his 
[flight],  but  the  earl  took  the  profits  thereof 
contract ;  and  it  was  found  by  oflice  [of  inqu 
August,  1 608,  that  the  earl  at  his  departure  wa 
the  moiety  of  the  fishing  as  of  an  estate  in  f« 
the  said  estate  was  come  to  the  Crown  ags 
attainder  of  the  said  earl."  Chichester  reft 
matter  more  in  detail,  when  writing  to  the 
London,  in  Oct.,  1609.  "The  said  Tyrone, 
*'  pretended  title  to  the  moiety  of  the  fishing  of 
and  he  finding  his  title  not  good  in  law,  and  h< 
the  whole  river  of  the  Bann  was  passed  in  fe< 
of  the  King's  letter  to  one  Wakeman,  who  w: 
for  the  late  Earl  of  Devonshire  [Mountjoy],  1 
sired  him  [Chichester]  to  be  a  means  to  the  sai 
he  might  have  one  half  of  it  for  2CX)/.,  in  r^ 
some  claim  to  it.  Wrote  accordingly  in  his  be 
Earl  of  Devonshire,  who  at  that  time,  scci 
willing,  at  his  entreaty,  that  Tyrone  should  h 
died  before  anything  was  effected.  After  his 
said  Wakeman  (with  consent  of  the  Earl  of  D< 
executors)  sold  that  whole  fishing,  and  the  rest 
man's  grant,  to  James  Hamilton,  his  Majesty 
with  whom  also  at  Tyrone's  request  he  [Chid 
speech  about  the  same,  and  who  was  content  tl 
should  have  it. "  This  John  Wakeman  is  descril 
Beckford,  in  the  county  of  Gloucester,  Esq.," 
ceiving  his  grant  of  the  Bann  fishery  **  in  consi< 
a  sum  of  money  paid  by  him  at  the  King's  co 
an  old  and  well-deserving  subject  in  Scotlar 
grant  included  the  entire  river  of  the  Bann  in  I 
the  Rock  or  Salmon-leap  to  the  high  sea  ;  an 
whole  of  the  fishings,  weares,  soil,  and  bott( 
the  banks  of  the  said  river,  together  with  the  Sal 
and  all  the  fishings  thereof. " 


THE    PROJECT    OF    PLANTATION. 


lOI 


And  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Derry  claimeth  one  Day's  fishing,  viz.,  the  second  Monday  after 
idsummer  Day  in  the  river  of  the  Bann,  and  likewise  the  fishing  of  the  Wear  [weir]  of  Ballinasse, 
hich,  notwithstanding,  was  granted  to  Thomas  Ireland,  and  by  him  assigned  to  Thomas  Philips-, 
ho  is  now  in  Possession  thereof  (42). 

A  small  Salmon  fishing  in  the  river  of  Roe  (43),  which  is  now  in  his  Majesty's  Possession. 
A  small  Salmon  fishing  in  the  Creek  of  Foughan  (44),  falling  into  Loughfoile,  in  his  Majesty's 
ossession. 

Certain  small  Pools  for  fishing  in  the  South  side  of  Loughfoile,  in  the  King's  Possession.     But 
Lord  Bishop  of  Derry  doth  claim  a  Pool  called  Clonye  (45). 


The  County  of  Donegall. 

The  County  of  Donegall,  called  Tyrconnell,  is  divided  by  certain  parcels  of  Land  called 
Quarters  (46),  which  Quarters,  because  they  are  not  equal  in  Quantity,  some  containing  a  greater 
number  of  Acres,  and  some  less,  we  are  to  make  our  Division  by  Acres. 


(42).  Possession  thereof. — This  claim  the  bishop,  after 
snach  trouble  succeeded  in  establishing.     The  difficulty 
^irose  from  the  grant  made  to  Hamilton  as  assignee  of 
^Thomas  Ireland,  a  London  merchant,  in  consideration  of 
tile  smn  of  jf  1678  6j,  &/.,  payed  by  the  latter  to  meet  some 
Tojal  difficulty.     Ireland's,  or  James  Hamilton's  grant  in 
tiisname,  was  obtained  from  the  Crown  in  the  year  1605, 
^nd  included,  with  other   "old   eel   weares  upon   the 
IBand,"  that  of  Ballinasse,  near  Bushmills.     Soon  after- 
wards,  Hamilton   sold   to   Thomas   Phillips   the    lands 
belonging  to  the  priory  of  Coleraine  with  the  rights  of 
fishing  in  the  Bann  formerly  enjoyed  by  that  religious 
^oasitf  but  which  rights  came  to  be  the  property  of  the 
^Mshoprick.      Phillips  resisted  the  bishop's  claim  for  a 
tJaie,  but  was  compelled  to  surrender  the  right  of  fishing 
*pd   the  tithes  of  fish  in  the  Bann,  as  belonging  to  the 
'***hoprick  of  Derry. 

(4-3).  River  0/ Hoe. — This  small  fishing  is  still  in  opera- 
**oo  at  the  mouth  of  that  river,  or  about  the  middle  of  the 
'^stem  side  of  Lough  Foyle. 

(44).  Creek  of  FongJian. — The  fishing  station  is  still 
P'^cserved  at  this  point  also,  where  the  river  falls  into 
txnigh  Foyle,  near  Culmore. 

g  ^4-5).  Clonye. — All  these  rights  of  fishing  and  tithes  of 

"^  in  the  Foyle  and  the  Bann,  together  with  a  portion 

^  land  containing  about  1,500  acres,  became  the  causes 

^  J>eriodical  quarrels  between'  the  Irish  Society  and  the 

"recessive  bishops  of  Derry,  down  to  the  year  1 704,  when 

**^  *ct  of  parliament  was  required  to  allay  "  the  great  heats 

^'^^  animosities"  thus  stirred  up  "among  several  of  the 

IJ^bitants,    in  the   counties  of  Londonderry,    Antrim, 

*yrQnc,  and  Donegall."    This  act  handed  over  the  lands 

*f*^  fisheries  in  dispute  to  the  Irish  Society,  in  considera- 

^^  of  a  yearly  rent  to  be  paid  to  the  bishoprick  of  Derry. 

1  Qc  several  possessions  thus  transferred  from  the  bishops 

^  Uie  Society  are  mentioned  as  follows: — **  All  those 

^J*iters  or  parcels  of  land  called  or  known  by  the  names 

^Tennonbacco,  Mollenam,  Ballygan  alias  Ballygowan, 

"^ywirry  alias  Ballyoughry,   Creevagh,   and    l^lleigh 


alias  Killeagh — and  sometimes  known  by  the  name  of 
the  fifteen  hundred  acres,  and  by  some  called  or  known 
by  the  name  of  Termonderry,  being  in  the  county  of 
Londonderry,  in  the  county  of  the  city  of  Londonderry, 
or  one  of  them  ;  and  also  all  that  fishing  called  the  Gull 
or  Gutt,  near  Ballynass,  together  with  the  wear  and  mill 
of  Ballynass,  with  the  appurtenances,  and  the  small  piece 
of  land  thereunto  adjoining,  and  heretofore  enjoyed  with 
the  same,  containing  by  estimation  two  acres  and  a  half 
more  or  less  ;  and  also  all  the  fishings  and  rights  of  fish- 
ing, and  all  manner  of  tithes  of  fishing  belonging  to  the 
said  bishop,  or  see  of  Derry,  of  what  nature  or  kind  soever 
in  the  rivers  of  Bann  and  Loughfoile  within  the  county 
of  Londonderry,  or  of  or  in  any  other  rivers,  waters,  or 
fishing  places  within  the  said  county  of  Londonderry,  or 
in  the  counties  of  Antrim,  Tyrone,  or  Don^all,  and 
which  have  at  any  time  heretofore  been  claimed  or  en- 
joyed by  the  bishops  of  the  said  see  of  Deny."  The 
yearly  rent  of  £^2'^o  was  to  be  paid  by  the  Society 
quarterly  *'  at  four  most  usual  feasts  of  the  Nativity  of  St 
John  the  Baptist,  Saint  Michael  the  Archangel,  the  birth 
of  our  Lord  God,  and  the  Annunciation  of  the  Blessed 
Virgin  Mary."  This  enactment  effectually  shut  the  pre- 
lates off  from  the  Foyle  and  the  Bann,  thus  very  matenally 
contributing  to  the  peace  of  northern  Ulster.  See  Concise 
View  of  the  Origin  of  the  Irish  Society ^  edit,  of  1832,  pp. 
191,  192. 

(46).  Called  Quarters. — The  quarter  of  land  was  the 
fourth  part  of  a  ballybetagh,  and  generally  supposed  to 
contain  three  balliboes,  but  as  the  latter  varied  so  much 
in  extent  it  would  be  difficult  to  fix  precisely  the  size  of 
the  former.  The  quarter  was  generally  estimated  to 
contain  about  240  acres  Irish,  but  in  Donegall  it  was 
probably  more  than  this.  TheoB  is  preserved  among  the 
State  papers  an  account  in  Irish — evidently  veiy  ancient 
— of  the  Quarters  in  Tirconnell,  which  account  Sir  Francis 
Shaen,  a  hawk-eyed  Irish  servitor,  discovered  when  prowl- 
ing about  that  region  after  the  flight  of  the  earls.  As  the 
document  is  valuable  and  curious  in  a  topographical  point 


I02 


THE  PLANTATION  IN  ULSTER. 


The  whole  County  doth  contain  110,700  Acres  (47),  which  will  produce,  according  to  tlie 
former  Division,  87  Proportions,  viz.,  55  of  the  least,  13  of  the  middle  sort,  and  14  of  the  greatest, 
and  700  Acres  over,  to  be  added  to  some  Parish  ;  every  of  which  Proportions  is  to  make  a  Parish 
as  aforesaid,  wherein  the  several  Incumbents  are  to  have  several  glebes,  and  all  the  tithes  and 
duties  as  aforesaid  (48). 

The  Church's  Portion. 
I.  Termon  Lands  do  contain  9,168,  which  may  be  assigned  to  the  Bishoprick  as  before  (49)1 


of  view,  it  is  here  submitted  to  the  reader : — 

"This  is  the  number  of  Tuaths  [districts]  that  are  in 

Tirconnell. 
**  I.  The  tuath  of  Glcn-Ela  [now  Elagh  in  Inishowen], 
in  which  are  30  quarters  paying  rent,  and  13  free,  accord- 
ing to  the  usage  of  the  Clann-Dalaigh  [the  tribe  name  of 
the  O'DonneUs].  2.  Tuath-Bladhach  [now  Tuath-Doe, 
in  the  northern  part  of  Kilmacrenan]  containing  the  bally 
of  Glenswilly,  the  bally  of  Cosh-Lennain,  the  bally  of 
Dcrryora,  the  bally  of  Lough  Veagh  [in  Glenveagh],  the 
bally  of  the  Croagh,  and  the  two  ballys  of  the  Rossans. 
3.  The  tuath  of  Tir-Enna  [so  called  from  Enna,  the  sixth 
son  of  Conall  Gulban]  from  the  streamlet  of  Tamhafada 
unto  Bel-atha-trona ;  46  quarters  [in  Raphoe,  and  lying 
between  Lough  Foyle  and  Lough  Swilly].  4.  The  tuath 
o(  Lagan  [anciently  Magh-Iotha^  'the  Plain  of  Ith,*]  in 
which  are  9  Quarters  and  two  score  [or  49  quarters,  com- 
prised in  the  beautiful  and  fertile  tract  still  kno\vn  as  the 
Lagan,  in  Raphoe].  5.  The  tuath  of  Ardmire  [or  Ard^ 
Mwdhair^  extending  from  Tir-Enna  westward  to  Glen- 
Finn]  and  Tir-Breassail  [not  yet  identified,  but  designated 
by  O'Dugan  *  land  of  Fruit ']  ;  and  a  half  tuath  that  is  in 
each  of  them ;  18  quarters  in  each  division.  6.  The 
tuath  of  Glenn-Finne.  7.  The  tuath  of  Boylagh  [anciently 
known  as  Ainmrech,  now  comprised  in  the  barony^of  Boy- 
lagh]. 8.  The  half  tuath  of  Cloghaneely  [adjoining 
tuath- Bladhach  or  Doe].  9.  The  tuath  of  Kilmacrenan 
[lying  along  the  western  marge  of  Lough  Swilly].  10. 
The  three  tuaths  that  are  in  McSwine  Fanad's  country, 
and  four  quarters  in  Fanad  [extending  from  the  sea 
southward  to  Ramelton].  11.  Three  tuaths  also  in 
McSwine  na-Doe's  country  [now  comprised  in  the  northern 
part  of  Kilmacrennan].  12.  Thirty-seven  quarters  that 
are  in  the  country  of  McSwine  Bannagh  [anciently  Tir- 
Ba^haine,  extending  from  the  river  finy  to  the  river 
Dobhar].  13.  A  tncha-ced  [cantred]  that  is  in  O'Dogh- 
crty's  country"  [Inis-Eoghan,  or  Inishowen]. 

The  tuaths  of  Glen-Finn  and  Boylagh  above  named,  and 
the  half  tuath  of  Cloghaneely,  are  described  as  ''subject 
to  perpetual  cuttings  from  O'Donnell's  locum  temtts" 
the  chief  himself  being  absent  at  the  time  the  foregoing 
document  was  drawn  up.  The  districts  here  mentioned 
as  being  so  unfortunately  placed  were  no  doubt  portions 
of  the  extensive  waste  lands  belongine  to  the  C/atiH' 
Dalaighy  or  O'Donnells,  where  the  chiefhad  the  privil^e 
€f  settling  \i\%  fmdhir^  or  'stranger-tenants,' — to  him  a 
very  important  class.  These  were  the  outlaws  or  *  broken  * 
men  from  other  tribes  who  came  to  him  for  protection, 
and  who  were  only  connected  with  the  Ciann-Dalaigh  by 
their  depeodcDce  on  the  chief^   being   groups  of  men 


collected  from  other  territories  and  calling  themaelves 
tribesmen,  but  in  reality  associations  formed  by  con> 
tract  among  themselves  chiefly  for  the  purpose  of 
pasturing  cattle.  This  comparatively  despisea  class  were 
exposed  to  the  perpetual  exactions  or  cuttings  of  the 
chief,  when  his  necessities  became  pressing,  bir  Henry 
Maine  considers  that  i\itsit  fuidhirs  were  the  first  tenants- 
at-will  known  in  Ireland,  and  were  always  at  least  rack^ 
rentable  when  circumstances  required.  They  were  boIk 
however,  in  other  respects  oppressively  treated  by  the 
chief  on  whose  lands  they  took  up  their  abode,  for  it  wis 
really  his  interest  to  encourage  them,  as  by  their  wflUog- 
ness  to  pay  and  work,  they  generally  became  a  priiicipai 
source  of  his  wealth.  The  regular  tribe  or  clann  reganied 
these  fuidhirs  with  jealousy,  their  interests,  as  thCT  be- 
lieved, always  suffering  in  proportion  to  the  cuftaiiiiiaitf 
of  such  waste  lands  as  had  been  used  by  thems^Tes  lor 
purposes  of  pasture.  See  Sir  Henry  Maine's  Eiuriy  Hu-^ 
tory  of  Institutions,  pp.  93,  173,  175. 

(47).  Acres. — This  number  of  acres  was  only  an 'ap- 
proach to  the  extent  even  of  the  arable  lands  in  the 
'whole  country.'  Don^al  contains  1, 193,443  acies^ 
nearly  400,000  of  which  are  arable  at  the  present  tirae^ 
and  certainly  more  than  the  half  of  this  extent  at  the 
commencement  of  the  seventeenth  century.  Theie  arc 
still  about  770,000  acres  uncultivated  ;  much  of  this, 
however,  consisting  of  muirland  pasture. 

(48).  As  aforesaid, — At  the  time  Dr.  Beaufort  drew  op 
his  excellent  Memoir  of  a  Map  of  Ireland^  there  were  42 
parishes  in  the  county,  containing  on  an  average  16,1 
acres  each — thirty  of  these  parishes  being  in  the  dt 


of  Raphoe,  eleven  in  that  of  Derry,  and  only  one  in 
bishoprick  of  Clogher.     (See  p.  30).     According  to 

census  of  1831,  the  numl)er  of  parishes  has  been  < 

siderably  increased  since  Beaufort  published  his  Aftmair, 
the  barony  of  Inishowen  now  containing  12  parishes 
two  extra-parochial  districts  ;  Raphoe,  1 1  whole 
and  parts  of  two  other  parishes ;  Tyrhugh,  4  whode 
and  parts  of  4  other  parishes  ;  Bannagh,  7  whole  f.^»»w. 
and  part  of  another  parish  ;  Boylagh,  3  whole  paw*F*y^ 
and  part  of  another  parish';  and  Kilmacrenan,  I2  whofe 
parishes  and  part  of  another  parish. 

(49).  As  Af/&nr.— Davys,  in  his  Abstract  of  TiiUs^  stales 
that  the  herenagh  and  termon  lands  of  this  county  f*^f%m^ 
"  30  quarters,  or  thereabouts."  Calcukting  the  qiauKi 
at  the  usual  extent  of  240  acres,  it  would  appear  horn 
this  statement  of  Davys,  that  the  termon  and  eiCM^ 
lands  of  Donegal  comprised  only  7,200  acres.  Bat  «e 
have  here  a  good  proof  that  the  quarter  in  that  coaaty 
must  have  been  mote  than  240  acres.     **  Note  of  the 


I04 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


same  to  be  allotted  to  the  College  of  Dublin  (53)  to  be  passed  in  their  Book  as  aforesaid 

There  are  besides  three  other  Parcels  of  Land  surveyed,  which  cannot  be  distribut 
undertakers ;  one  of  them  of  300  Acres  allotted  to  the  Fort  of  Culmore  (54) ;  another  of 
Acres  called   the    Inche  (55) ;   passed    in    Fee- Farm  to  Sir  Ralph  Bingley ;   and    i,ocx> 
allotted  to  Ballyshannon  (56). 

The  Undertakers'  Portion. 

So  as  there  remaineth  to  be  allotted  to  Undertakers  79,704  Acres  (57),  which,  being  di 
into  the  aforesaid  Proportions,  will  make  62  of  all  kinds,  viz.,  40  of  the  least,  13  of  the  m 
and  9  of  the  greatest  (58),  which  may  be  thus  distributed. 

Thirty-eight  Proportions  may  be  disposed  to  the  English  and  Scottish,  viz.,  25  of  the 
8  of  the  middle  sort,  and  5  of  the  greatest  (59), 

Nine  to  Servitors,  viz.,  5  of  the  least,  2  of  the  middle,  and  2  of  the  greatest. 

Fifteen  to  Natives,  viz.,  10  of  the  smallest,  3  of  the  middle,  and  2  of  the  greatest  (60). 

There  resteth  2,204  Acres,  which  may  be  thus  disposed  to  corporate  Towns,  which  a 
have  reasonable  Liberties,  and  send  Burgesses  to  Parliament,  and  to  hold  their  Lands  as  afon 
viz.,  to  Deny  800  Acres,  to  Calbeg  [Killybegs]  200  Acres,  to  Donegall  200  Acres,  to  Rath  [ 
mullen]  200  Acres,  to  the  LifTer  are  already  assigned  500  Acres,  and  to  Ballyshannon  1,000  (6 


(53)*  ^f  Dublin. — Trinity  College,  Dublin,  got  large 
grants  of  land  in  this  county,  which  will  be  noticed  in  a 
subsequent  chapter. 

(54).  Culmore, — The  lands  adjoining  this  ancient  mili- 
tary position  had  belonged  to  it  from  an  early  date, 
although  some  slight  additions  were  made  in  this  respect 
after  it  came  under  the  English  authorities.  The  fort  was 
in  possession  of  the  Crown  so  early  as  1556,  as  appears 
from  a  grant  made  in  that  year  to  Richard  Bethell  and 
William  Piers,  gent.,  of  the  forts  at  Culmore  and  Carrick- 
fergus,  respectively.  In  this  grant  there  is  reference  to 
the  lands  and  hereditaments  then  belonging  to  Culmore.  • 
Sec  Memoir  of  Templemore  Parish^  p.  237. 

(55)»  Thi  Inche, — See  p.  62.  Chichester  had  not  been 
granted  the  barony  of  Inishowen  when  this  'Project'  was 
drawn  up,  but  he  secured  it  very  soon  afterwards,  and 
thus  saved  all  others,  whether  commissioners,  or  servitors, 
or  native  claimants,  any  farther  trouble.  The  island  of 
Inch,  represented  as  above  to  contain  1,024  acres,  really 
contains  3, 100  acres  of  the  best  land  in  the  whole  barony 
to  which  it  belongs.  It  lies  on  the  western  side  of  Lough 
Swilly,  being  separated  by  a  deep  and  narrow  channel 
from  Rathmullen.  The  land  gradually  slopes  up  from 
the  shores,  forming  a  sort  of  cone  near  the  centre  of  the 
island,  about  740  feet  above  the  sea-level.  This  height 
is  known  appropriately  as  Inch  Top.  Oflf  the  northern 
side  of  the  island,  which  is  overlooked  by  a  fortified  and 
garrisoned  position  known  as  Down  Fort,  there  is  a  eood 
roadstead  for  vessels  bound  to  Letterkenny  and  Ramelton, 
and  close  to  the  shore  is  a  valuable  oyster  bed.  The 
island  is  reached  by  various  ferries  from  the  mainland, 
the  shortest  of  which  connects  with  Quigley*s  Point,  about 
a  mile  from  Bumfoot  bridge. 


(56).  Ballyshannon, — The  snatching  so  large  a  s 
this  from  the  E^rl  of  Tirconnell,  was  one  of  the 
causes  of  his  discontent,  and  eventual  'flight.' 

(57).  70,704  Acres, — When  the  actual  planting 
only  63,000  acres  were  found  available  for  undertJU 

(58).  0/  the  greatest, — There  were  only  found  31 
proportions  instead  of  40 ;  9  middle  proportions  i 
of  13 ;  and  8  of  the  greatest  instead  of  9 — wh« 
undertakers  took  their  places. 

(59).  0/  tJie  greatest. — The  English  and  Scotch  \ 
of  the  least,  6  of  the  middle,  and  5  of  the  greatesL 

( 60) .  Of  the  greatest,  — According  to  the  above  est 
there  were  24  proportions  of  all  kinds  for  servito 
natives,  but  it  turned  out  that  for  both  these  classc 
19  pro{K>rtions  could  be  found  when  the  actual  s 
commenced. 

(61).  Ballyshannon  1, 00a — At  the  time  this  *V 
was  drawn  out,  Derry  was  situate  in  the  county  o 
connell  or  Dont^l,  but  its  surroundings  were  soon 
wards  constituted  the  county  of  the  city  of  Dern 
meet  this  arrangement,  a  small  portion  of  0*C 
country,  or  county  of  Coleraine,  was  included,  so  U 
county  of  the  city  was  made  to  **  extend  three  miles 
way  round  about  the  said  island"  of  the  Deny,  * 
parts  of  which  island,'*  says  Davys,  "are  compasse 
the  river  of  Lough  Foyle,  and  the  fourth  part  b  d 
from  the  country  of  Enishowen  with  a  bog.  The 
island  of  the  Derrv  doth  not  contain  by  estimation 
200  English  acres.  '  But,  irrespective  of  Deny,  tl 
porate  iovfns  in  Donegal  were — Lifford,  Bally^ 
Donegal,  Killybeggs,  and  St  Johnston. 


THE   PROJECT   OF   PLANTATION. 


105 


The  residue,  being  604  Acres,  to  be  equally  allotted  towards  the  maintenance  of  the  two  Free 
Schools,  the  one  at  Deny,  the  other  at  Donegall  (62),  and  that  the  Scite  of  the  Monastery  there 
be  allotted  to  the  Bishop  of  Raphoe  for  his  Habitation,  reserving  convenient  Rooms  for  the 
School  and  Schoolmaster  (63). 

The  Natives  to  be  disposed  of  as  in  Tyrone. 

Fishings  in  this  County  in  the  Kings's  Possession,  touching  the  Disposition  thereof  his 
Majesty's  Pleasure  is  to  be  Signified,  viz.,  (64). 


(62).  Donegcdl. — No  Free  School  was  built  at  Done- 
gal ;  but  in  the  reign  of  Charles  I.,  the  funds  or  lands 
thus  laid  out  for  it,  were  used  in  founding  a  school  at 
^phoe,  which  was  endowed  with  2,305  acres  of  arable 
Ukd  pasture  land,  and  8,729  acre^  of  mountain  and  bog. 

(63).  Schoolmaster,  —  This  contemplated   seizure  and 
conversion  of  the  old  monastery  into  houses  for  protestant 
prelates  and  schoolmasters  was  a  project  of  Montgomery, 
''^hich  no  one  else  ever  seems  to  nave  thought  of.     The 
commissioners  here  spoke  as   inspired  by  him,  but  the 
Bishop  of  Raphoe  had  his  palace  built  at  the  town  so 
caiied ;  and,  as  the  school,  which  was  intended  for  Done- 
es 'Was  eventually  fixed  at  Raphoe  also,  the  old  religious 
house  at  Donegal,  originally  founded  by  the  beautiful 
^^^  spirited  Nuala  0*Conner,  in   1474,  was  permitted  to 
^J^inable  away  in  peace.     The  ruins  may  still  be  seen  on 
^e    magnificent  bay  below  the  town,  and  consist  now 
^^^   of  a  number  of  small  arches  supported  by  pillars, 
"^  tvo  narrow  passages  covered  with  stones,  which  are 
apposed  to  have  been  places  for  secreting  valuable  articles 
^  ^**ics  of  rapine  and  war.     It  is  curious  that  in  the  very 
^*   [1608],  when  this   *  Project'  was  being  drawn  up  for 
^^tation  purposes,  an  Irish  Franciscan  friar  had  returned 
^^*^  Louvain  to  visit  the  various  monasteries  of  his  order  in 
J^*^*id,  and  to  collect  as  much  as  possible  of  their  history. 
^^  friar,  whose  name  was  Mooney,  had  been  a  sojourner 
]^^«  monastery  of  Donegal  during  several  years  prior  to 
"^        and  in  his  subsequent  exile  on  the  continent,  he 
up  an  account  of  its  vicissitudes.   From  his  chronicle 
^uote  the  foUowing  passage,  referring  principally  to 
position  of  this  religious  house : — **  The  site,  indeed, 
liappily  chosen,  and  nothing  could  surpass  the  beauty 
.    ^lie  prospect  which   it  commanded.     Hard  by   the 
^5^ows  of  the  refectory  was  the  wharf,  where  foreign 
*Ps  took  in  their  cargoes  of  hides,  fish,  wool,  and  linen 
^P^  ;  and  there,  too,  came  the  galleons  of  Spain  laden 
^15-      "^Vi^  and  arms,  in  exchange  for  the  merchandize 
^*cli  the  lords  of  Tyrconnell  sent  annually  to  the  Brabant 
^•^  then  the  great  emporiums  for  the  north  of  Europe, 
^^ooth  it  was  a  lovely  spot,  and  sweetly  suggestive  of 
^•y  meditations.     In  the  calm  days  of  summer,  when 
^   broad  expanse  of  the  estuary  lay  still  and  unrufHed, 
^^"^wing  in  its  blue  depths  the  overcanopying  heaven, 
•  it  not  a  fair  image  of  the  unbroken  tranquility  and 
e  to  which  the  hearts  of  the  recluses  aspired  ?    And 
^e  gloomy  winter  niehts,  when  the   great  crested 
^es  rolled  in  majestic  fury  against  the  granite  head- 
^^^^  would  not  the  driving  storm,  wreck,  and  unaSrail- 
^^  ciy  of  drowning  mariners,  remind  the  inmate  of  that 
^^^^astery  that  he  had  chosen  the  safer  part,  by  abandon- 
^^  a  world  where  the  tempest  of  the  passions  wreaks 
O 


destruction  far  more  appalling."  The  noble  founder  of 
this  monastery,  the  lady  Nuala,  daughter  of  an  O'Conner, 
prince  of  Offaly,  (and  wife  of  that  Hugh  O'Donnell,  whom 
the  Four  Masters  assert  may  **  have  been  justly  styled  the 
Augustus  of  the  North- West  of  Europe"),  died  before  its 
completion,  and  was  interred  in  a  vault  constructed  under  the 
grand  altar  (see  p.  24).  In  1 566,  Sir  Henry  Sydney  visited 
uie  north,  and  among  his  reflections  and  suggestions,  after- 
wards recorded  of  that  journey,  is  the  following  : — **  We 
left  behind  us  a  house  of  Observant  Friars  [Don^al]  un- 
spoiled or  hurt,  and  with  small  cost  fortifiable,  much 
accommodated  with  the  nearness  of  the  water,  and  with 
fair  groves,  orchards,  and  gardens,  which  are  about  the 
same. "  In  the  library  of  this  monastery  was  the  famous 
Libef  Hymnorum,  which  is  believed  to  be  over  a  thou- 
sand years  old,  and  is  a  lasting  monument,  indeed,  of  the 
exquisite  penmanship,  and  especially  of  the  philological 
attainments  of  an  Irish  monk  [Camin],  who  '*  more  than 
eleven  centuries  ago  in  the  little  island  of  Iniscaltra  on 
Lough  Derg,  was  able  to  collate  the  vulgate  with  the 
Hebrew  text,  and  enrich  his  work  [copy]  with  a  lucid  in- 
terpretation of  obscure  words  and  passages."  See 
Mechan's  Franciscan  Monasteries,  pp.  5,  255. 

(64).  Signified. — The  coasts  ana  rivers  of  Tirconnell 
or  Donegal,  taken  together,  constitute  one  of  the  very 
best  fishing-grounds  in  Europe.  Such  was  their  celebrity 
on  this  account  in  the  oiden  time  that  the  lords  of  Tir- 
connell were  sometimes  designated  on  the  continent  as  the 
'Kings  of  Fish  !*  The  names  of  the  fishing  bays  and 
creeks  on  the  coasts  of  Donegal,  in  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury, have  since  given  place  in  many  instances  to  others, 
but  the  creeks  and  bays  remain,  enlivening  and  enriching 
the  whole  sweep  from  Lough  Foyle  on  the  east  to  the 
river  Bundroes  on  the  west,  which  forms  the  boundary 
line  between  Ulster  and  Connaught  Who  has  not  heonl 
of  the  magnificent  fishings  of  cod,  turbot,  and  plaice,  off 
Kinnego,  Glenegad,  Ross,  Dunmore,  DunafT,  Mel  more, 
Fanat,  Tillen,  and  Horn  Head  ?  Who  has  not  heard  of  the 
productiveness  of  the  Hempton  and  Ottemainoile  banks? 
The  present  well-known  nshing  places  on  the  coasts  of 
this  county  are  Moville,  Greencastle,  Carrickarore,  Port- 
Sallough,  Ferry- Port,  Port-Kinnegoe,  CuldafT,  Port- 
Ahack,  Carrickavahl,  Portmore,  Port-Lorgan,  Malin- 
Well,  Shedin-Port,  Linane,  Mill  River,  Buncrana, 
Rathmullen,  Doaghbeg,  Crouris,  Sheephaven,  Dun- 
fanaghy,  Ardes,  Portnablas,  Ballynas,  Tory  Island, 
Innisboftn,  Cruit,  Guidore,  Rutland,  Iniscoo,  Portnoo, 
Guibarra,  Churchpool,  Dauris,  Tillen,  Portnacross, 
Stonequarry,  Tiybane-Mucross,  Toconey,  KillybcM^s^ 
Tiybane,  Ballyotherland,  Bamlacky,  Inver,  Brucklas, 
Bumcronan,  Cruvin,  Ballyshannon,  and  Donegal, — be- 
sides others  of  less  importance. 


io6 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


To  these  the  bishop  of 
Deny  maketh  claim. 


In  the  barony  of  Enishowen,     Fishings  of  Salmon,  Herring,  and  Ling — 

1.  Near  Culmore.  \ 

2.  Near  Rinncarronkill. 

3.  In  the  Bay  of  Cooledagh. 

4.  In  the  Bay  of  Bonecranagh. 

5.  In  the  Bay  of  Thebiggigh. 

6.  In  Lough  Swilly. 

7.  In  the  Creek  of  Newcastle  [Greencastle]. 

In  the  barony  of  Kilmacrenan. 
Fishing  of  Salmon,  Herring,  Ling,  and  other  Sea  Fish. 
I.  In  the  Creek  of  Sullaghmore. 
3.  In  the  Creek  of  I^onnan. 

3.  In  the  Creek  of  Moyrey. 

4.  In  the  Creek  of  Counagh-gerragh,  alias  Shepton. 

5.  In  the  Creek  of  Cownnekillibight 

6.  In  Lough  Swillie,  near  Ramullin. 

7.  In  the  Bay  of  Dunsmaghie. 

8.  In  the  Bay  of  Cloydagh. 

In  the  barony  of  Boyle  and  Bannagh.     Fishing  of  Salmon  and  other  Fish. 
I.  In  the  Bay  of  Owybarragh.      2.  In  the  Bay  of  Owen  I  Owy.      3.  In  the  Bay 
Portynynichem.     4.  In  the  Bay  of  Inver.     5.  In  the  Haven  of  Callbegg.     6.  In  the  Bay 
Tullen.     7.  In  the  Isles  of  Arran.    To  these  the  bishop  of  Derry  maketh  claim  f<H:  a  moiety. 

In  the  barony  of  Tyrehugh.     Fishing  of  Salmon. 
I.  In  the  river  of  Ballyshannon.     2.  In  Bundroyse.     In  Lease  to  Sir  Hen.  Foliot 

In  the  barony  of  Raphoe. 
Salmon  Pooles  between  Lififer  and  Derry,  on  the  West  side  of  Lough  Foyle,  claimed  by  J 
Hamilton  and  others ;  but  the  bishop  of  Derry  claimeth  the  Pooles  of  Clonbrey  (65). 

The  County  of  Fermanagh. 

The  County  of  Fermanagh,  commonly  called  MacGwyef's  Country  is  divided  into 
Precincts  called  Tathes,  every  Tathe  containing  by  estimation  30  Acres,  or  th^eaboutSi  as  it 


oC 
^ 


(6$).  Clonbrgy, — This  is  a  misprint  for  Clonye,  now 
Cloony.  (See  note  45,  tu^a).  It  is  on  the  opposite  side 
to  I>en7.  The  jurors  at  Limcvaddy,  in  1609,  found  that 
the  Primate  "  is  seized  in  fee,  in  right  of  his  ardibishoprick, 
of  and  in  the  yearly  rent  of  two  markes  sterling,  issuing 
out  of  the  herenagh  land  of  Clonie,  conteininge  one 
quarter ;  and  there  is  also  the  fishing  of  two  small  pooles 
to  the  said  land  belonging,  all  Xymg  in  the  baronye  of 
Annagh ;  and  further,  they  say  that  the  said  herenagh 
land  and  fishinge  of  Clonie  now  is,  and  hath  been  in  the 
poMession  of  the  bushopp  of  Derrie  ever  since  the  warres 


of  Shane  O'Neile."  In  an  Inquisition  taken  at  Denrit 
the  same  year,  it  b  stated  that  "  the  said  land  and  m- 
in^  were  untill  filtie  yeares  sithence,  or  thcmboHi^ 
enjoyed  by  the  sept  Neale  Portdooy  as  iBhanloi%  or 
dowsaees  of  the  said  landes."  The  name  of  this  pool 
or  pools  in  Clonie  was  BumhamtiHt  as  appein  from  «a 
Ulster  Inquisition,  (5),  Jac  L,  Landmwrry.  Soe  Col* 
ton's  Vtsitatim^  edited  \tj  Reerei^  pp.  3i«  yt  ;JJ]iior 
Inquisitions,  Owugal^  Ap] 
Lmnds^  as  cited  at  p.  103. 


i 


THE   PROJECT   OF   PLANTATION. 


107 


the  Survey  (66),  and  doth  contain  1,070  Tathes,  or  33,437>^  Acres  (67),  besides  46 
le  of  greater  and  some  of  lesser  quantity;  But  what  number  of  Acres  the  said  Islands 
is  not  set  down  in  the  survey,  because  the  country  did  not  present  the  same  (68). 
id  1,070  Tathes,  or  33,437  Acres  andja  half,  do  make  26  Proportions  of  all  sorts,  viz., 
16,  of  the  middle  6,  and  of  the  greatest  4 ;  and  14  Tathes,  or  437  J^  acres  over  to  be 
ome  Parish,      In  every  of  which  Proportions  there  may  be  a  Parish,  the  several 

having  Glebes,  and  other  Duties,  as  is  before  set  down  (69). 

For  the  Portion  of  the  Church. 
Termon  Lands  to  be  deducted  out  of  the  said  number  of  1,070  Tathes,  do  contain 
eSjOr  3,147)4  Acres,  which  may  be  granted  if  it  so  please  his  Majesty  to  the  Bishoprick 


V, — The  hasty  survey  of  1608  thus  found 
Lhe — however  it  happened — to  be  only  half 
gned  to  it  by  the  Irish,  even  down  to  the 
nxteenth  century.  Referring  to  the  land 
lis  and  a  nei^bouring  county,  Dr.  Reeves 
aghan  and  Fermanagh,  two  contiguous 
h  have  the  lowest  average,  thereby  denot- 
:st  sub-division,  were  found  at  the  close  of 
century  to  consist  of  a  certain  number  of 
each  of  which  contained  four  quarters,  and 

tates — that  is,  in  each  ballybetagh  16  tates 
iliar  to  these  two  territories,  the  patrimonies 
'  MacXIahon  and  Maguire.  The  tate  was 
So  acres  native,  and  a  sixteenth,  instead  of 
1  twelfth,  was  the  unit ;  and  this,  continu- 
ise,  afterwards  came  to  be  stereotyped  in 
a  townland  in  the  Ordnance  Survey.  '    See 

the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  vol.  vii.,  p.  476. 
— This  quantity  falls  very  far  below  the 
Fermanagh,  and  can  only  approach  the 
was  made  available  for  plantation.  The 
:ounty  comprises  289,228  acres,  of  which 
least   115,000  acres  arable  at  the  present 

if/u, — The  above  is  altogether  a  very  un- 
it of  Fermanagh  and  its  islands.  Instead 
:  upwards  of  200  well  known  islands,  and 
light  be  added  so  as  to  swell  the  number  to 
XX  It  is  not  likely  the  natives  would 
:  any  definite  statements  as  to  the  extent  of 
id  dearly-cherished  little  island-homes  on 
thinking  probably  that  the  settlers  might 
disturbed ;  but  if  they  supposed  so,  they  cal- 
y  *  *  without  their  host. "  It  is  pretty  certain, 
the  planters  themselves  were  not  particu- 
:o  reveal  all  at  once  the  attractions  of  these 
,  else  they  could  have  easily  made  an  ap- 
t  to  some  statement  of  the  lands  contained 
as  they  had  done  in  reference  to  the  main- 
events,  the  lands  available  in  the  several 
pricultural  purposes  comprise  about  2,000 
h  £me  consists  strictly  of  two  lakes,  or 
tinct  and  well-defined  portions  of  the  same, 
inected  bya  broud  winding  channel  of  about 
ength.      lhe  upper  or  southern  portion  of 


the  lake  is  nine  miles  long,  and  from  one  and  a-half  to 
five  in  breadth  ;  the  lower,  or  northern  portion,  between 
Enniskillen  and  the  sea,  is  about  ten  miles  Ion?,  and 
varies  in  width  from  two  to  eight  miles.  But  both  por- 
tions are  crowded  with  islands,  many  of  which  are  lar^e, 
well-wooded,  and  inhabited.  The  upper  part,  extending 
from  Belturbet  to  Enniskillen,  is  so  thickly  studded  with 
islands  as  to  resemble  rather  a  number  of  winding  chan- 
nels than  a  lough  ;  whilst  those  in  the  lower  part  are  not 
so  numerous,  but  generally  of  greater  individual  extent. 
These  islands  offer  the  rarest  attractions  to  the  archaeolo- 
gist, naturalist,  botanist,  and  geologist.  **  The  antiquary 
who  would  trace  the  history  of  his  race  through  monu- 
ments which  have  descended  to  our  time  from  the  earliest 
period  of  society  in  Erin,  shall  have  his  attention  drawn 
m  numerous  instances  to  the  cairn,  cromlech,  and  so- 
called  druidical  circle,  to  the  pillar-stone,  Tuatha-De- 
Danaan  rath,  and  to  the  finest  of  all  the  Round  Towers 
in  Ireland.  The  geologist  shall  be  introduced  to  caves 
.  .  .  perhaps  the  most  wonderfiil  ip  the  west  of 
Europe;  whilst  the  naturalist  will  find  that  "the  lake 
from  its  extent  and  innumerable  fastnesses,  may  be  con- 
sidered a  kind  of  paradise  for  birds  of  nearly  all  Irish 
species."  See  Wakeman's  Lough  Eme^  Introduction, 
pp.  iv.,  v.,  and  p.  74  of  the  work. 

(69).  Set  down, — There  are  only  18  parishes  in  Fer- 
managh, averaging,  according  to  Dr.  Beaufort,  about 
13,220  acres  each.  Of  these  15  are  in  the  diocese  of 
Clogher,  and  the  remaining  three  belong  to  that  of  Kil- 
more.     See  Memoir  of  a  Map  of  Ireland^  pp.  32,  33. 

(70).  Bishoprick, — These  lands  in  Fermanagh  were 
designated  in  the  Inquisition  of  September,  1609,  taken 
*at  Eniskilline,'  as  follows: — "The  herenagh  land  of 
Maghericoolmanny^  containin^e  2  quarters  and  three 
acres  of  the  newe  measure,  nuucinge  4  quarters  one  acre 
and  a  halfe  of  the  ould  measure ;  the  herenagh  land  of 
Bailionnelf  containinge  one  tate  of  the  new  measure ; 
the  herenagh  land  of  Enismissaugh,  containing  one  quar- 
ter of  land  of  the  new  measure ;  the  herenagh  land  of 
Boghaej  containing  2  quarters  and  2  tates  of  the-  new 
measure ;  the  herenagh  land  of  Dez'cnish^  containing  4 
quarters  of  the  new  measure ;  the  herenagh  land  of  Balli- 
hanny,  containing  one  quarter  of  the  oufd  measure  ;  the 
herenagh  land  of  Moynyagh,  containing  half  a  tate  ;  the 
herenagh  land  of  Derrymoylan^  contaming  ^%,  quarters 


io8 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


2.  The  Bishop's  Mensall  or  Demesne  Lands  containeth  60  Acres. 

3.  Further,  the  Incumbents  are  to  have  66  Tathes  or  2,060  Acres  for  their  Glebes  (71). 

4.  The  Monastery  Lands  contain  44  Tathes,  or  1,375  Acres,  passed  ah-eady  in  Fee-Farm  (72)- 

FoR  THE  Undertakers. 

So  there  remain  to  be  passed  to  the  Undertakers  858  Tathes,  or  27,795  Acres,  which  make 
20  Proportions  of  all  sorts,  viz.,  of  the  least  13,  of  the  middle  4,  and  of  the  greatest  3  (73). 

The  odd  Tathes  are  89,  or  2,790  Acres ;  whereof  30  Tathes,  or  937  J^  Acres,  may  be  equally 
allotted  to  three  Corporate  Towns  to  be  erected,  one  at  Lisgool  (74),  another  at  Castleskagh  (75), 


of  the  new  measure  ;  the  herenagh  land  of  Farrenarioght, 
containing  two  tates ;  the  herenagh  land  of  Derryurusk, 
containing  one  and  a-half  quarters  of  the  new  measure  ; 
the  herenagh  land  of  PubU-Patricke,  containing  one 
quarter;  the  herenagh  land  of  AghiveghUt  containing 
one  quarter  of  the  new  measure ;  the  herenagh  land  of 
Aghalurgcr^  containing  2  quarters  and  the  fourth  part  of 
atate  of  the  new  measure;  the  herenagh  land  of  Goaloane^ 
containing  *i%  tates  of  the  new  measure ;  the  herenagh 
land  of  Drumukhy^  containing  two  tates  ;  the  herenagh 
land  of  CUnySf  containing  2^  quarters  new  measure  ; 
the  herenagh  land  of  Templemmin^  containing  2  small 
tathes ;  the  herenagh  land  of  Templeneferin,  containing 
one  tate ;  the  herenagh  land  of  Templemoyle^  containing 
half  a  tate  ;  and  the  herenagh  land  of  Kilnallie,  contain- 
ing 3  tates  new  measure."  See  Appendix  to  Inquisitions 
of  Ulster^  Fermanagh. 

(71).  For  their  GUbes, — A  'Note*  preserved  among 
the  State  Papers,  of  the  number  of  acres  allotted  to  the 
bishops  and  incumbents,  respectively,  in  Fermanagh, 
gives  to  the  former  3,022  acres,  and  to  the  latter  1,92a 

(72).  In  Fee-Farm, — These  lands  were  granted  to  Sir 
ilenry  Brunckar,  on  the  12th  of  Nov.,  1606.  The  grant 
conveyed  the  site  and  precinct  of  the  late  abbey  of 
canons  in  Lisgoole,  viz. ,  an  old  church  and  church-yard 
situate  on  the  south  side  of  Lough  Eame,  6  quarters  con- 
taining 24  parcels  of  land  called  tathes,  each  tate  con- 
taining about  30  acres  country  measure,  with  the  tithes 
of  the  same  and  certain  other  liberties  and  customs  to 
said  abbey  due  and  payable  out  of  Ballinsaggart,  and 
other  lands,  lying  as  well  within  [among  the  islands]  as 
without  said  lake ;  also  the  site,  &c.,  of  the  late  abbey 
[priory]  of  St.  Francis,  situate  near  Lisgoole  abbey, 
wherein  are  the  old  ruinous  walls  of  a  simdl  church,  a 
church-yard,  certain  gardens  or  tofts,  and  small  closes 
containing  3  acres ;  also  the  site,  &c,  of  the  late  priory 
of  canons  of  Devenish,  in  which  are  the  ruinous  walls  of 
an  old  church,  one  great  structure  annexed,  covered  with 
wooden  tiles,  under  which  long  since  was  a  cell,  and 
upon  the  same  are  built  certain  chambers  for  the  use  of 
the  inhabitants,  and  other  small  buildings,  an  orchard 
and  small  garden,  with  snudl  closes  there  containing 
about  3  acres, — which  abbey  is  situate  in  the  island  of 
Devenish ;  also  a  small  cell  or  chapel  called  CoUidea, 
belonging  to  the  abbey,  and  possessing  3  tates  of  land. 
The  whole  island  of  Devenish  contains  about  30  acres, 
and  belonged  time  immemorial  to  the  prior  and  friars, 
but  had  been  latterly  claimed  and  occupied  by  Maguire, 
the  lord  of  Fermanagh,  as  his  right.  dee  Erck's 
Repertoryy  p.  275. 


(73).  The  greatest  3. — In  consequence  of  a  sabseqneot 
arrangement  which  thrust  out  Connor  Roe  Mmguire  firoa 
two  baronies,  the  planters  had  a  much  larger  extent  in 
Fermanagh  than  they  at  first  expected.  Instead  of  the 
20  proportions  here  originally  set  down  in  the  '  Project,' 
there  were  40  proportions  available  by  their  adoptii^  the 
means  now  mentioned.  Of  these  40  proportions  the 
English  and  Scotch  got  5  great,  5  middle,  and  16  small, 
whilst  among  the  servitors  and  natives  were  distributed 
2  great  proportions  and  12  small  ones. 

(74).  One  at  lAsg9ole, — ^This  place  was  thus  reoom* 
mended  as  the  site  for  a  corporate  town  because  it  lad 
specially  attracted  Chichesters  attention  during  m  rmk 
which  he  had  recently  paid  to  that  district.  When  writing 
to  Salisbury  on  Sept,  12,  1606,  the  deputy  refened  t»- 
the  locality  in  the  following  terms  : — *'  He  foimd 
county  divided  with  the  river  of  Lough  Erne,  wbidi 
in  the  midst  thereof,  over  which  there  is  seldom  ptt 
but  by  boat,  which  those  people  make  only  of  a  great 
hewn  hollow,  which  they  call  'cotts.'  These  are  ' 
gerous,  and  a  great  hindrance  to  the  commerce  in 
parts.  Upon  Uiis  river  [between  Lough  Erne  and 
sea]  he  observed  two  places  fit  to  be  made 
bridge,  the  one  at  Ballyshannon  near  the  castle,  and 

other  at  Lysgoule,  which  lies  about  the  midst  of 

county.     Wishes  there  were  at  this  (Mut  some  beginiL^ 
of  a  town,  which  he  would  have  built  on  both  sider 
the  river,  wherebv  the  bridge  would  be  defended,  and 
passage  secured.      Chichester,  indeed,  was  so 
of  the  position  at  Lisgoole  that  he  forthwith 
houses  to  be  built  there  for  the  accommodation  of 
then  stationed  at  Devenish,  together  with  a  gaol  and 
sions-house— the  essential  beginning  of  a  settlers* 
He  also  proclaimed  a  weekly  market  there,  and 
mised  to  have  the  forthcoming  town  blessed  wkh 
porate  privileges  even  in  its  infiuncy.     But  Lis-gi 
corruptly  Lisgoole,  seems  to  have  utteriy  dedined 
the  blandishments  of  a  lord  deputy.     No  town 
there,  and  the  name  at  this  day  is  only  associated~ii  i 
had  been  for  very  many  centuries  before — ^with  a  relipoig 
house,  founded  probably  in  the  fifth  century ;  ve-b«utt  or 
repaired  afterwards  and  constituted  an  abbey  for  oumm 
regular  of  the  order  of  St  Augustine  in  the  year  1 106; 
and  renovated  once  more  about  the  middle  of  tlie  «i* 
teenth  century,  the  Aup;ustinians  then  giving  way 
the  more  vigorous  and  faithftil  Franciscans. 


(75).  Castleskagh.—^fAihitx  did  this  place 
to  corporate  honours.     It  had  been  a  favourite  locali^  of 
the  Maguires  who  built  a  castle  there  at  an  enrfy  pcnod. 


THE   PROJECT   OF    PLANTATION. 


109 


and  the  third  in  the  middle  way  between  Lisgool  and  Ballyshannon,  the  place  or  seat  of  the  Town 
to  be  chosen  by  the  Commissioners  (76).  The  towns  to  hold  their  Lands,  and  to  have  such 
Liberties  as  these  formerly  mentioned.  Thirty-nine  Tathes,  or  1,228  Acres  to  the  College  of 
Dublin  as  aforesaid  (77),  and  20  Tathes,  or  625  Acres,  for  the  maintenance  of  a  Free  School  to  be 
erected  at  Lisgoole  (78). 

The  Proportions  in  this  County  are  to  be  distributed  in  this  Manner : — 
Connor  Roe  MacGuire  (79)  hath  his  Majesty's  word  for  the  whole  barony  of  Magheri- 
Stephana,  the  whole  barony  of  Clancally,  the  half  barony  of  Tyrecannada,  and  the  half  barony  of 
Knockniny  (80),  which  contain  390  Tathes,  or  12, 287^, and  do  take  up  5  of  the  least  proportions, 
2  of  the  middle,  and  2  of  the  greatest,  and  are  to  be  passed  unto  him  according  to  his  Majesty's 
royal  Word  (81). 


bat  Connor  Roe  was  compelled  to  abandon  it  in  favour  of  a 
Scottish  undertaker  known  as  Lord  Balfour  of  Burley. 

(76).  Commissioners. — The  place  chosen  by  the  com- 
nussioners  was  Enniskillen,  and  this  town  was  the  only 
one  m  Fermanagh  destined  to  enjoy  corporate  honours. 
In  1608,  Chichester  recommended  this  position  in  hb 
'Notes  of  remembrances,'  and  seems  to  have  forgotten 
Lagoole.  His  words  are  "Inishkellin  is  the  fittest  place, 
in  his  opinion,  for  the  shire  town,  and  to  be  made  a  cor- 
poration, which  wiU  require  charge  or  forcement  to  bring 
men  of  wealth  and  substance  to  dwell  there,  in  regard  it 
^  oow  altogether  waste  and  desolate. " 

(77).  As  aforesaid.  —  Dublin  College    got    extensive 
'*"*ds  in  Fermanagh,  which  will  be  noticed. 

f7S).  Lisgoole. — The  Free  School,  originally  intended 
*^  be  bmlt  here,  was  eventually  placed  at  Portora  in  the 
^'^'^uuty  of  EnniskiUen,  and  got  a  grant,  to  build  and 
^**^o^,  of  2, 160  acres. 

_Cy^).  Connor  Roe  Afagtdre, — This  chieftain,  known  as 

^J~^ff  Uidhir  Gallda,  or  the  *  English  Maguire,'  was  son 

^J^^^onnor,  son  of  Connor,  son  of  Thomas,  the  progenitor 

"^  Connor  Roe's  rival,  Cuconnaght  Maguire  (see  p.  6 1 ). 

Connor  Roe  had  offered  himself  twice  as  candidate 

tlie  chieftaincy  of  Fermanagh,  but  because  of  hb 

Ush  proclivities,  was  defeated  both  times,  first  by  Sir 

^>S^  Maguire,  and  secondly  by  Cuconnaght  already 

^JJ'Jaed,  who  was  a  younger  brother  of  Sir  Hugh.     Sir 

^^>Sh,  who  had  married  a  daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Tyrone, 

^^^>)ied  the  hitter  against  the  English  in  1596  ;  and  on  his 

**^  soon  afterwards  near  Cork,  the  whole  lands  of  Fer- 

^^aagh  were  granted  to  his  cousin  Connor  Roe,  who 

T^^ht  on  the  side  of  the  Govemmerit.     The  latter  was 

^"•duced,  l>y  the  Lord  Deputy  Carew,  to  promise  a  sur- 

^^luler  of  this  grant  in  order  that  a  division  of  the  estates 

^  Fermanagh  might  be  made  between  him  and  his 

^xn^  Cuconnaght,  who  was  really  the  rightful  heir  to 

^  whole.     This  division  was  nominally  made. 

(80).  Knockniny, — According  to  the  terms  of  division 
rcfierred  to  in  the  preceding  note,  Cuconnaght  got  the 
ostle  of  EnniskiUen,  the  half  barony  of  CooTe,  the 
t^TOny  of  Lurgue,  the  barony  of  Magheryboy,  the  barony 
of  Cliiiawley,  and  so  much  of  the  barony  of  Knockninny 
ss  lies  on  the  south  and  west  sides  of  Lough  Erne,  to- 
^(Cther  with  such  islands  in  the  Lough  as  belonged 
anciently  to  the  divisions  now  named.    Connor  Roe  got. 


as  his  share,  the  portions  mentioned  as  above  in  this 
project  of  the  commissioners,  his  half  of  the  barony  of 
Knockninny  being  that  part  of  it  which  b  on  the  north 
side  of  Lough  Erne.  He  also  got,  besides  what  is  here 
mentioned  in  the  project,  such  islands  in  Though  Erne  as 
had  belonged  in  former  times  to  hb  several  divisions. 
This  arrangement  between  the  rival  chieftains  in  Fer- 
managh, although  made  by  Carew,  as  deputy,  and  his 
council,  was  subseauently  disapproved  of  by  Chichester. 
When  reporting  his  visit  to  Fermanagh  in  1606,  the 
latter  notices  the  state  of  affairs  there  in  the  following 
terms  : — **  For  in  certain  instructions,  in  the  time  of  Sir 
George  Carle's  [Carew's]  government,  his  highness  [the 
King]  signified  his  express  pleasure  that  the  whole  country 
should  be  divided  between  those  two  chieftains,  without 
further  limitation  ;  according  to  which,  if  it  shall  be 
settled,  they  [the  government  officiab]  can  conceive  little 
good  hope  that  ever  that  country  can  come  to  civility  and 
obedience,  being  left  in  a  manner  wholly  to  the  self-willed 
government  of  those  two  chiefs."  The  problem  which 
exercised  the  deputy  in  this  matter,  however,  was  soon 
at  least  partially  solved,  by  the  flight  of  Cuconnaght 
Maguire,  with  the  two  earb,  in  September,  1607.  Tnb 
young  chief  could  not  brook  the  insult  and  wrong,  as  he 
deemed  it,  of  seeing  Connor  Roe  set  up  by  the  govern* 
ment  as  his  rival,  and  dividing  with  him  in  equal  measure 
the  lands  which  were  his  own  rightful  inheritance.  The 
Four  Masters  describe  Cuconnaght  as  "  a  rapid-marching 
adventurous  man,  endowed  with  wisdom  and  beauty  of 
person."  His  ''rapid-marching"  soon  came  to  an  end, 
for  he  died  of  fever  at  Genoa,  soon  after  his  arrival  on 
the  continent.     See  p.  61. 

(81).  Royal  Word. — Not  exactlv.  When  the  planting, 
two  years  afterwards,  beg^an,  Chichester  found  means  to 
render  this  royal  -word  all  but  nugatorv.  "Connor  Roe," 
said  the  deputy,  "expects  to  have  three  baronies,  upon 
some  promise  made  to  him  when  the  traitors  Tjrrone  and 
Tyrconnell,  and  other  Irish  lords  were  restored  to  their 
gprants ;  but  a  more  prudent  course  being  now  in  hand^ 
sees  not  that  the  King  is  bound  in  honour  to  make  so 
barbarous  and  unworthy  a  man  greater  than  his  neigh- 
bours, but  rather,  in  true  construction  of  State,  to  suppress 
him^  for  all  his  actions  declare  an  ill  mind,  and  b  sure  he 
will  do  much  harm  to  the  plantation,  if  he  be  made  so 
great.     The  barony  of  Magherbtephana  will  contain  him 


no 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER, 


Howbeit,  we  think  it  convenient,  that  he  do  keep  in  his  possession  only  one  Great  Propone 
of  2,000  Acres,  and  do  make  Estates  of  Freehold  in  the  rest  in  such  manner  as  shall  be  prescrLl 
unto  him  by  the  Commissioners,  and  that  he  do  yield  unto  his  Majesty  such  Rents,  Risings  <3 
and  other  Services,  rateable  for  the  three  baronies,  as  he  should  have  done  by  his  former  hettt 
Patent  granted  unto  him  of  the  whole  country;  which  Letters  Patent  he  hath  promised 
surrender  (82). 

The  proportions  remaining  to  be  distributed  are  in  number  eleven  (83),  viz.,  8  of  the  leas^ 
of  the  middle,  and  one  of  the  greatest,  which  may  be  allotted  in  this  Manner,  viz. : — 

To  Britains  none. 

To  Servitors  four,  viz.,  3  of  the  least  and  one  of  the  middle. 

To  Natives  seven,  viz.,  5  of  the  least,  one  of  the  middle,  and  one  of  the  greatest  (84). 


and  all  his  followers  and  goods  that  depend  on  him,  and 
that  quantity,  in  his  [Chichester's]  opinion,  is  rather  too 
much  than  too  little  for  him."  This  was  strong  hmguage, 
especially  when  employed  in  reference  to  Ma^  Uidhir 
Gallda^  'the  English  Maguire',  who,  however,  had,  no 
doubt,  become  sulky,  and  in  some  smaU  ways,  trouble- 
some, when  he  found  how  affairs  were  to  be  arranged  in 
Fermanagh.  The  difficulty  between  Connor  Roe  and 
the  demity  arose,  very  probably,  from  the  fact  that, 
althougn  the  Latter  had  promised  to  surrender  his  patent 
for  the  whole  'country'  of  Fermanagh,  granted  to  him  by 
Queen  Elizabeth,  he  delayed  to  do  so,  in  the  hope,  no 
doubt,  of  being  able  to  extort  something  like  fair  terms 
from  the  government 

(82).  To  surrender, — This  statement  of  the  commis- 
sioners, or  project-makers,  was  inspired  wholly  by 
Chichester's  suggestions  or  advice,  as  transmitted  to  them 
in  his  'Notes  of  remembrances,'  and  had  evidently  been 
the  cause  of  Connor  Roe's  'barbarous'  and  'unworthy' 
conduct.  Chichester's  truculent  attack  upon  him  at  the 
eleventh  hour  is  the  more  unjustifiable,  seeing  that  in  his 
'Notes'  some  time  previously,  he  had  spoken  of  the 
Maguires'  affairs  in  the  following  terms  : — "Fermanagh 
cannot  be  divided  by  reason  of  Connor  Roe  Magujrre, 
who  has  a  patent  of  tne  whole  country  passed  to  him  in 
the  late  Queen's  time,  but  upon  conference  and  advice 
had  with  him  by  the  Deputy  [Carew]  and  Council,  for 
the  settlement  of  his  kinsman.  Cow  Connought  [Cucon- 
naght]  Maguyre,  and  of  that  country,  he  [Connor  Roe] 
was  content  to  submit  himself  to  their  order  for  a  new 
division,  upon  which  three  baronies  of  the  seven  were 
allotted  unto  him,  the  said  Connor  Roe,  with  a  promise 
of  letters  patent  for  the  same,  which  in  his  [Chichester's] 
opinion  were  meet  to  be  passed  unto  him,  with  a  clause 
to  make  freeholders  of  the  natives  of  that  county,  and 
vrith  reservation  of  rent  to  his  ^f  ajesty.  The  other  four 
baronies  were  intended  for  Cow  Connought  Magu}Te  (see 
note  supra)^  and  are  now  in  the  hands  of  his  brother, 
Bryan,  but  divers  Gentlemen  inhabit  thereupon,  who 
claim  a  freehold  in  the  lands  they  possess.  It  is  to  be 
considered  and  resolved  by  the  Lords  [the  council  in 
London],  whether  any  part  thereof  shall  be  bestowed 
upon  the  pretenders  to  tne  freehold,  or  on  the  brethren 
and  sept  of  Cow  Connought,  and  namely  on  Tyrone's 
gnmdcnildy   too   to  Hugh  Magyre  tUin    in    Munster. 


Bryan  is  a  proper  and  activt  young  man,  and  hat 
younger  brother.     These  will  be  stirring  and  keq>  <m 
[become  rebels],  if  thqr  be  not  cared  for,  or  lestruMd 
and  so  will  the  freeholders  with  them,  and  thechikl  wlw 
he  comes  to  be  a  man." 

(83).  Eleven. — ^This  was  on  the  sapposition  that  Cobbo 
Roe  was  to  have  ttiree  baronies  and  a  hal(  witk  tk 
islands  thereto  belonging. 

(84).  The  greatest, — See  the  actual  nontber  ol  Pkopoi 
tions  and  their  distribution  explained  in  note  73.  vk 
settlement  of  this  county  appears  to  have  been  f'*r«y*i*t 
a  peculiarly  difficult  adfTair,  because  of  the  two  aath 
chiefs  having  the  lands  divided  between  them.  1 
the  year  1606  a  plan  had  been  drawn  np  wtdi  tli 
sanction  of  the  government,  bv  which  it  was  oeliered  tl 
original  mistake  of  granting  the  whole  lands  to  the  t« 
Maguires  might  have  been  obviated.  The  plan  was 
substance  as  follows : — "  I.  In  Fermanagh  Uiere are  wem 
baronies.  2.  In  every  barony  there  are  seven  ball 
betaghs  and  a  half.  3.  In  every  ballybeti^  there  m 
four  quarters  of  land,  and  consequently  in  the  sev" 
baronies  there  are  210  quarters.  If  then,  upon  eva 
quarter  of  land  a  rent  or  composition  of  40'.  sterling 
reserved  (whereof  2dr.  %d,  may  be  allowed  to  the  da 
lord  and  i^r.  \i,  to  the  King),  it  will  amount  to  fr 
out  of  every  barony,  which  makes  420/.  out  of  all  C 
seven  baronies.  This  rent  being  divided  into  tha 
equal  parts,  there  will  arise  140/.  rents  to  eadi  of  H 
two  chief  lords,  and  140/.  rent  to  the  King.  The  chii 
lords,  in  ancient  times,  had  a  certain  rent  of  42  cows  01 
of  a  barony,  for  Shane  McHugh  paid  21  covrs  for  his  hd 
barony  of  Clanawley  ;  and  O  Flanigan  paid  21  cows  fa 
the  half  barony  of  Turath  [now  induded  in  Mage^ybo 
barony].  So  that  42  cows,  being  valued  at  2ds.  & 
cow,  are  not  a  less  burthen  upon  a  barony  than  thn 
score  pounds.  And  yet  if  the  chief  lord  gave  401II  sle 
ling  out  of  a  barony,  he  has  a  better  revenue  for  his  \nk 
than  when  he  had  42  cows.  As  for  the  King,  li 
Majesty  has  reserved  a  rent  of  120  beeves  upon  oi 
Cuconnaeht  Maguire's  patent  out  of  the  whole  ooontr 
but  now  his  Majesty  shall  have  140/.,  which  is  no  gtc 
increase.  Touching  the  rent,  a  composition  raised  to  tl 
King,  though  it  seem  little,  yet  /fv  raitL^  it  is  great 
than  the  composition  of  Connandht ;  for  ha«  the  let 
has  a  mark  oat  of  a  qoarter,  and  in  Coanragjht  he  I 


THE   PROJECT   OF   PLANTATION. 


Ill 


>nching  the  Natives  (85),  who  are  not  to  be  Freeholders,  the  Commissioners  are  to  take 
rder  for  the  placing  or  transplanting  of  them,  as  for  the  Natives  in  Tyrone. 


Besides,  the  composition  rent  arising  out  of  the 
ires  of  the  Pole,  and  in  Munster,  do  not  exceed 
tortion,  if  we  respect  the  quantity  of  land ;  but  if 
ect  the  ability  of  the  inhabitants,  this  country 
agh]  bears  a  uur  greater  burthen  than  they.  The 
fiords  may  have  demesnes  allotted  to  them,  viz., 
lesnes  to  each  of  them,  whereon  thev  may  be 
y  a  condition  in  their  patents  to  build  several 

Cuconnaght  may  have  four  ballybetaghs  [4,000 
sh]  in  demesne,  paying  a  rent  of  131.  \i.  out  of 
arter,  according  to  the  rate  imposed  on  the  land 
tghan  ;  and  Connor  Roe  may  have  three  bally- 
in  demesne,  paying  the  same  rent.  Of  the  28c/. 
rved  to  the  Lords,  Cuconnaght  may  have  160/., 
nor  Roe  120/.  These  demesnes  and  chief  rents 
lassed  by  letters  patent  into  them,  with  such  pri- 
s  are  contained  in  the  patents  of  the  chief  lord  in 
m.  For  the  other  inferior  gentlemen  and  in- 
i  this  course  may  be  taken, — Shane  McHogh 
e  a  patent  for  the  half  barony,  rendering  40;.  out 

quarter ;  and  he  may  be  bound  to  make  such 
^  or  leaseholds,  with  such  reservations  as  shxdl 
^t  fit  The  like  patents  may  be  made  to 
;an,  McManus,  Bryan  McThomas  [Maguire^ 
^  Maguyre,  and  some  two  other  chief  gentle- 
hall  he  thought  meet."  In  a  word,  according  to 
,  the  two  lords  or  chieftains  were  to  have  estates 
and  3,000  acres  respectively,  and  small  chiefries 
wtween  them,  and  shared  with  the  King,  from  the 

the  county.     This  would  have  been  for  them  a 
\i  fortune  indeed.     No  wonder  that  Cuconnaght 
.  that  Connor  Roe  became  *  barbarous.' 
A^iwrj.-^The  natives  of  Fermanagh    were   a 
people — being  more  distinctly  formed  into  septs 

other  populations  of  Ulster,  and  more  devoted 
peaceful  pursuits  of  agriculture  and  gaining  a 
^  of  the  Brehon  laws  than  to  the  use  of  the  pike 
1.  Davys,  referring  to  the  (act  that  they  were  re- 
the  worst  swordmen  of  the  North,"  accounts  for 
ling  in  with  the  general  belief  that  the  men  of 
gh  were  "rather  inclined  to  be  scholars  or  hus- 
I  than  to  be  kerne  or  men  of  action. "  It  was 
xlly  true  that  Sir  Hugh  Maguire,  as  Davys  states, 

soldiers  from  Connaught  and  Brefine  O'Reilly 
Iran],  but  compelled  his  own  les^  warlike  subjects 
id  equip  them.  By  a  survey  made  of  Fermanagh 
mmer  of  1603,  we  learn  the  names  of  the  septs 
:h  the  inhabitants  were  divided,  and  of  the  dis- 
ich  these  septs  or  families  severally  occupied, 
t  the  barony  of  Knockninny  were  situated  the 
\Slwcht^  descendants]  Gilpatrick  Maguire,  the 
McArt  Maguire,  the  Clann-Corry,  the  Sleught 
Maguire,  the  Sleught  Doon  Maguire,  the  Clan- 
D'Comenshee,  up  the  Cooill  by  east  of  Lough 
fhe  leading  freeholders  and  families  in  the  barony 
Tyboy  were  the  sept  descended  from  Brian  Ma- 
e  sept  descended  from  Edmond  Maguire,  and 
)f  the  O'Flannigans.  The  principal  freeholders 
Hies  in  the  barony  of  ClitunoUy  were  the  sept 
d  from  Tirlagh  Maguire,  the  septs  of  Senawley, 


Montery  Doelan,   Clancanan   in  Muintirflodoghan,  and 
the  sept  descended  from  Donnell  ballagh  Maguire.     In 
the    barony  of    Clankcalfyt   the    chief   freeholders  and 
families  were  the  sept  descended  from  Donnell  Calvagh 
Maguire,  the  sept  known  as  the  McDonnell  or  descendants 
of  a  chieftain  called  Donnell  Maguire,   and  the  sept 
McMulrony.     The  chief  freeholders  and  fiimilies  in  the 
barony    of   Magfurastephanay    were    the    sept   Connor 
Magmre,  the  sept  Flahertie  Maguire,  the  sept  Brian  Mac 
Connor  Oge  Maguire,  the  clan  M  [      ]  inis»   the  Clann 
Gaflfrey,  the  Clan  Brian  Maguire,  and  the  clan  McGill 
reogh.     The  barony  of  Lurgue  contained,  as  chief  free- 
holders and  families,  the  sept  Enyny  Maguire,  the  sept 
McMuldoon  O'Lurgue,  the  sept  James  Mas^uire,  and  the 
sept  Rory  Keogh  in  CoUomcKeamony.     The  half  barony 
of   Cooill  [to  be  distinguished  from  Cooille,  or  Coolie- 
neerer,  in  Knockninny]  contained  the  principal  freeholders 
and  families  of  Clan  Art,  the  sept  of  old  Tinagh  Maguire, 
the  sept  Carbery  Maguire,  and  the  sept  Shane  Maguire. 
The  half  barony  of  Tyrcannada  had,  as  chief  families, 
the  Shana  Clancannada  and  the  Muinter   Koniffonda. 
(See   Ulster  Inquisitions^  Preface,   pp.   xviii.,   xxxL-xl.") 
\Vhen  Chichester  and  his  company  visited  Fermanarii 
in  the  autumn  of  1606,  they  thoroughly  ransacked  the 
lands  of  these  septs  for  their  own  objects.     Of  this  pro- 
cess Davys  has  left  the  following  record,  in  one  of^his 
many  letters  to  Salisbury : — **  For  the  several  possessions 
of  these  lands,  we  took  this  course  to  find .  them  out,  and 
set  them  down  :  we  called  unto  us  the  inhabitants  of 
every  barony  severally,   beginning  with  the  parish  of 
Magheryloy,  wherein  we  camped,  and  so  calling  one 
barony  after  another,  we  had  present  certain  of  the  clerks 
or  scholars  [brehons]  of  the  country,  who  knew  all  the 
septs  and  families,  and  all  their  branches,  and  the  dignity 
of  one  sept  above  another,  and  what  families  or  persons 
were  chief  of  every  sept,  and  who  were  next,  and  who 
were  of  a  third  rank,  and  so  forth,  till  they  descended  to 
the  most  inferior  man  in  all  the  baronies ;  moreover,  they 
[the  scholars]  took  it  upon  them  to  tell  what  quantities 
of  land  every  man  ought  to  have  by  the  custom  of  the 
country,   which  is  of  the  nature  of  gavelkind,  where- 
by as  their   sept    or   families  did   multiply,   the  pos- 
sessions have  been  from  time  to  time  divided  and  sub- 
divided, and  broken  into  so  many  small  parcels  as  almost 
every  acre  of  land  hath  a  several  owner,  which  termeth 
himself  a  lord,  and  his  portion  of  land  his  country  ;  not- 
withstanding McGuyre  nath  a  chiefry  over  all  the  country, 
and  some  demesnes  that  did  ever  pass  to  him  only  who 
carried  that  title  ;  so  was  there  a  cnief  of  every  sept,  who 
had  certain  services,  duties,  or  demesnes  that  ever  passed 
to  the  tanist  of  that  sept  and  never  was  subject  to  divi- 
sion.     When  this   was  understood,    we  first  enquired 
whether  one  or  more  septs  did  possess  the  baronies,  and 
also  the  names  of  the  barony  which  we  had  in  hand ; 
that  being  set  down,  we  took  the  names  of  the  chief 
part  of  the  sept  or  septs  that  did  possess  the  baronies  ; 
and  also  the  names  of  such  as  were  second  in  them  ;  and 
so  of  the  others  that  were  inferior  unto  them  again,  in 
rank  and  possessions."    See  Historical  TVacts,  pp.  258, 
259. 


112 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


The  County  of  Cavan. 
The  County  of  Cavan,  commonly  called  0'Reylie*s  Country  (86),  is  divided  into  S» 
Precincts  [Parcels]  of  Land  called  Polls,  every  Poll  containing  24  Acres  by  the  Survey  Q 
whereof  there  are  found  in  this  County  1,626,  which  doth  make  40,500  Acres  (88).  These  t 
after  the  Division  formerly  used,  will  make  32  Proportions,  viz.,  of  the  least  20,  of  the  mj 
7,  and  of  the  greatest  5  ;  and  every  of  these  proportions  may  be  a  parish  (89),  with  Glebes 
tithes  to  the  Incumbent  as  in  Tyrone. 

For  the  Portion  of  the  Church. 

1.  The  Termon  lands  (90)  are  140  Polls,  or  3,500  Acres,  which  his  Majesty  may  dispose 
the  Bishoprick. 

2.  for  the  Incumbents*  Glebes,  100  Polls,  or  2,500  Acres  (91). 


(86).  (yReylie^s  Country, — At  an  early  period  the  whole 
of  that  region  now  forming  the  counties  of  Cavan  and 
Leitrim,  was  known  as  Breifne — more  familiarly,  the 
Brennie — the  eastern  portion  [now  Cavan]  being  called 
Brennie  O^Reilly^  and  the  western  part  [now  Leitrim] 
Brennie  (fRourke.  East  Breifne,  or  Cavan,  originally 
belonged  to  the  province  of  Connaught,  but  so  soon  as  the 
English  were  able  to  establish  their  swav  north  of  the 
Pale,  even  partially,  they  discovered  that  the  Cavan  could 
be  more  easily  managed  if  annexed  to  Ulster.  About 
the  year  1562,  when  the  Lord  Deputy  Sussex  reported  on 
the  state  of  Connaught,  he  referred  to  East  Breifney  as 
follows: — **0*Raillie's  country  is  taken  to  be  within 
Connaught,  but  because  it  lieth  fitter  for  another  govern- 
ment [Ulster],  and  bordereth  upon  the  English  rale,  I 
leave  it  out  of  the  government  of  Connaught "  And  left 
out  of  the  western  province  Cavan  thenceforth  was,  being 
r^arded  ever  since  as  one  of  the  counties  of  Ulster. 

(87).  By  ttu  Survey. — Referring  to  the  land  measures 
prevailing  from  time  to  time  in  this  county  of  Cavan,  Dr. 
Keeves  states  that  "its  first  division  was  the  ballybet, 
identical  with  the  ballybetagh  of  other  parts  ;  of  this  the 
proximate  species  was  the  poll  or  pole,  sixteen  of  which 
constituted  the  ballybet.  Each  poll  contained  two  gal- 
lons, each  gallon  two  pottles,  descending  even  to  a  sub- 
division called  pints.  In  most  cases  these  fractional 
parts  had  peculiar  names,  some  few  of  which  may  now 
exist  in  the  townland  nomenclature  of  the  county ;  but 
the  poll  was  practically  the  prevailing  denomination,  and 
to  it^  as  the  sixteenth,  instead  of  the  twelfth  of  a  bally- 
betagh, we  owe  the  numerical  excess  of  townlands  m 
this  district  .  .  .  The  Tate  or  Tathe  of  Fermanagh 
and  Monaghan,  together  with  the  Polly  the  Gallofit  the 
Pottle^  and  the  Pint  of  Cavan,  are  all  English  terms, 
introduced  by  some  unknown  influence.  To  find  names 
of  liquid  measures  applied  to  land  is  strange ;  and  still 
more  so  when  it  is  remembered  that  they  are  English, 
and  in  such  an  un-English  quarter  as  East  Breffny.  They 
had  all  become  natursuised  long  before  1600,  for  we  find, 
soon  after  that  date,  townland  names  into  which  these 
words  enter  in  combination  with  Irish  terms  of  qualifica- 
tion.** (Sec  Proceedings  of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy ,  vol. 
vii.,  pp.  477,  484.)  The  introduction  of  these  terms  into 
Cavan  may  be  accounted  for  by  the  early  commercial 


relations  established  between  that  district  and  the  P 
which  relations  were  almost  uninterrupted,  notwithsti 
ing  the  fierce  raids  occasionally  made  into  each  odi 
lands  by  the  O'Reillys  and  the  English. 

(88).  40, 500  Acres.  — This  must  be  intended  to  design 
as  in  all  the  before-mentioned  counties,  the  supposed 
tent  of  arable  and  undertakeable  land  alone,  exdnsv 
all  woods,  bogs,  mountains,  and  morasses  ;  and  ezdo 
also  of  such  lands  in  the  county  as  had  not  been  forfei 
The  whole  lands  of  Cavan  comprise  301,000  Irish  u 
^^  4^3*573  acres  English  measure. 

(89).  A  parish. — There  are  31  parishes  in  Cavm  • 
taining  on  an  average  10,033  <^cres  each.  Of  1 
parishes,  one  is  in  the  diocese  of  Meath,  3  in  die 
hoprick  of  Ardagh,  and  the  remaining  26  in  Kiloi 
— Beaufort's  Memoir ^  p.  25. 

(90).  Termon  lands. — Sir  Gerrot  [Gerald]  Moore 
got  a  grant  of  termon  lands  for  the  period  of  31  yc 
from  the  6th  of  March,  1605-6  ;  but,  as  in  other  a 
they  were  recovered  for  the  bishoprick,  Moore  gd 
compensation  for  his  loss.  His  grant  recites  these  L 
in  Cavan  as  follows: — "The  termon  or  hospital 
Tomregin,  conteyning  6  pulls  [polls],  or  caitroc 
land  ;  the  termon  or  hospitall  of  Clonosa,  conteynii 
pulls ;  Drumlane,  32  pulls ;  Annagha,  one  paU  ;  Ctt 
tera,  3>^  pulls,  and  the  %  part  of  a  poll ;  Ume 
pulls  ;  Killmore,  6  pulls  ;  E^mn,  8  pulls ;  Tonai^m 

3  pulls ;  Markhill,  2  pulls ;  Annaghgsinre,  }i  p 
Lawye,  2  pulls  ;  Lerganix)y,  %  a  pull ;  Larra,  2  pii 
Magherinegresse,  I  pull ;  Dromegowne,  2  pulls ;  Kno 
bride,  %  pull ;  Kilcany,  one  pidl ;  Inneskynn,  3  pi 
Movbol^e,  3  pulls ;  Ramtavin,  2  pulls ;  Rathawna, 
pull ;  Killene  Keire,  2  pulls  ;  Ballyclaiyphilip,  3  pi 
Lorgan,  2  pulls ;  Castlerahine,  2  pulls ;  Crosseriog 
pulls;  Monterconaght,  ^  a  pull  ;  Clonekiaghvqy 
pulls  ;  Kilbride,  ^  a  pull ;  Ballymachugfa,  3  acres ; 
dromefarret,  8  pulls  ;  Ballintemple,  2  pulls ;  Droiu! 
one  pull ;  Kildallane,  2  pulls ;  Skeanroe,  one  ] 
Clonae,  one  acre  arable  ;  Kilfeart,-  2  pulls ;  Templep 

4  pulls  ;  Templedowne,  one  pull ;  and  KiUeynagfa, 
pull."    See  Erck*s  Repertory ^  pp.  233,  233. 

(91).  Acres. — The  mcumbents  in  county  of  Csrmi 
3,340  acres. 


THE   PROJECT   OF    PLANTATION. 


113 


le  Monastery  lands  (92)  contain  20  Polls,  or  500  Acres. 

The  Undertakers*  Portion. 
ere  remain  to  be  distributed  to  Undertakers  1,360  Polls,  or  34,000  Acres,  which,  being 
J  before,  make  26  Proportions  of  all  Sorts,  viz.,  of  the  least  17,  of  the  middle  5,  and  of 
it  4,  which  may  be  divided  among  the  Undertakers  in  this  manner, 
nglish  and  Scottish,  6  proportions,  viz.,  3  of  the  least,  2  of  the  middle,  and  one  of  the 


jrvitors,  6  proportions,  viz.,  3  of  the  least,  2  of  the  middle,  and  one  of  the  greatest, 
atives,  14,  viz.,  11  of  the  least,  one  of  the  middle,  and  2  of  the  greatest  (93). 
:  remain  60  Polls,  or  1,500  Acres,  of  which  30  Polls,  or  750  Acres,  may  be  allotted  to 
porate  Towns,  viz.,  10  Polls  or  250  Acres  to  the  Town  of  Cavan ;  so  much  more  to 
and  -so  much  more  to  a  third  Town  to  be  erected  in  or  near  the  Midway  between  Kells 
ivan,  the  Place  or  seat  thereof  to  be  chosen  by  the  Commissioners  (94). 
>ther  Polls,  or  250  Acres,  may  be  laid  to  the  Castle  of  Cavan  (95),  six  Polls  may  be 
the  Castle  of  Cloughouter  (96) ;  and  the  other  fourteen  Polls,  or  346  acres,  to  the 


astery  lands. — These  lands,  so  scanty  in 
been  let  in  fee-farm  to  William  Taaffe,  Esq., 
f  ,  1603-4.     This  grant  conveyed  **  the 

&c.,  of  the  late  monastery  of  canons,  or  of 
rinity,  of  the  island  within  Loghwoghter, 
•ossessions ;  the  site,  circuit,  &c,  of  the  late 
►f  canons  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary  of 
,  with  all  its  possessions,  spiritual  and  tem- 
!  in  the  Breny,  county  of  Cavan  ;  with  all 
thes,  reserving  to  the  crown  a  total  rent  of 

Enelish.  These  lands  had  been  previously 
h  Elizabeth,  to  Sir  Luke  Dillon  for  60  years, 
;  after  the  expiration  of  a  former  lease  made 
m  0*KerroIl,  3rd  August,  20th  Elizabeth, 

at  the  rent  of  6/.  1 5^.  Irish. 
greatest, — In  a  *Note,*  preserved  among  the 
,  of  the  number  of  Bntish  undertakers  for 
f  Cavan,  it  is  stated  that  '*the  English  and 
e  but  six  proportions,  which,  bordering  on 
1  be  easily  undertaken.  The  English  servi- 
and]  have  also  six  proportions.  '  But  the 
Scotch  eventually  got  no  fewer  than  17  pro- 
,  6  of  the  greatest,  3  of  the  middle,  and  8  of 
te.  The  servitors  and  natives  got  2  of  the 
f  the  middle,  and  12  of  the  small  proportions. 
missioners. — The  recommendations  thus  ex- 
*authorsof  the  Project  were  generally  in  accord- 
iichcster*s  ideas  as  expressed  in  his  *  Notes  of 
js, '  as  follows  : — **The  principal  to  be  cared 
»wn  of  Cavan,  which  wishes  to  be  made  a 
and  a  ballibeto  of  land  (if  it  may  be)  to  be 

out  of  the  barony  of  Cavan.  The  castle 
likewise  reserved,  and  the  like  allotment  of 
made  for  the  maintenance  thereof,  and  the 
passed  or  given  to  some  honest,  trusty,  and 
n,  who  shall  be  able,  with  some  small  help 
ng,  to  rebuild  the  castle  and  to  stock  and 
and,  whose  residence  there  will  greatly  avail 


the  settlement  of  that  county.  Belturbet  is  likewise  by 
situation  a  tit  place  to  be  strengthened  with  a  ward  or 
other  residence  of  civil  people  and  well-affected  subjects, 
by  reason  it  lies  upon  the  head  of  Lough  Eame.  It  has 
now  but  a  small  portion  of  land  belong^ing  to  it,  and 
therefore  he  desires  that  tive  or  six  poles  more  next  ad- 
joining be  reserved  and  annexed  thereunto,  and  that  the 
same  be  disposed  upon  some  honest  and  well-affected 
man  as  aforesaid,  who,  for  a  time,  must  be  enabled,  by  a 
ward  or  other  help  from  his  Majesty,  to  manure  and  plant 
the  same.  Cloughouter  is  a  place  to  be  reserved  and 
regarded  for.  From  thence  there  is  a  passage  by  water 
to  Belturbet,  and  from  Belturbet  to  Belecke,  near  Bally- 
shannon  ;  and,  therefore,  a  like  portion  of  land  to  be 
reserved  as  that  of  Belturbet.  Wishes  that  the  rest  of 
the  barony  of  Cavan  may  be  disposed  in  demesne  and 
chiefry  to  voung  Mulmorie  O'Relcye,  the  grandchild  of 
Sir  John  O  Relye."  The  only  towns  made  corporate  in  the 
county  were  Cavan  and  Belturbet. 

(95).  Cavan. — The  castle  at  this  place  originally  be- 
longed to  the  O'Reillys,  but  not  being  reouired  as  a 
fort  after  the  commencement  of  the  plantation,  it  was 
jDermitted  to  £dl  into  decay.  When  Chichester  visited 
the  place,  in  1606,  he  reported  that  "in  this  county 
there  is  a  poor  town  beanne  the  name  of  the  Cavan, 
seated  betwixt  many  small  hills,  but  the  barony  in  which 
it  stands  is  named  Loghtie  [Loughtee],  and  the  best  in 
the  county,  being  one  of  the  four  designed  to  Sir  John 
O'Realey,  and  the  fittest  to  be  reserved  in  his  Majesty's 
sole  disposition  for  bringing  it  to  a  civil  county.'  Al- 
though Sir  John's  son  fell  tighting  for  the  government  at 
the  great  battle  of  the  Yellow  Ford  on  the  Blackwater, 
his  grandson  was  removed  from  Longtee  to  a  less  genial 
district  to  make  way  for  British  undertakers.  See  p.  60. 

(96).  Cloughouter, — The  remains  of  this  grim  old 
castle,  also  built  by  the  O'Reilljrs,  are  still  to  be  seen. 
It  was  held  as  a  fort  by  the  government  only  until  the 
plantation  of  the  county  of  Cavan  was  completed.     It 


114 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER, 


ta 


maintenance   of  a   Free  School  (97)  to  be  erected  in  the  Cavan,      Touching  the  Natives 
who  are  not  to  be  made  Freeholders,  they  are  to  be  placed  within  the  County,  or  removed  by  o 
of  the  Commissioners. 

County  of  Ardmagh. 
The  County  of  Ardmagh  is  divided  by  Ballyboes,  but  because  the  balliboes  are  not  found 
be  of  equal  quantity  or  number  of  Acres,  the  Distribution  of  this  County  is  to  be  made  by 

(99). 

The  whole  County  doth  contain  77,800  Acres  (100),  which  will  make  6i  Proportions^  viz.,  ^^ 

the  least  38,^  of  the  middle  sort  13,  and  of  the  greatest  proportion  10,  and  thirty  Acres  over  to  K^     "* 

added  to  some  Parish.     In  every  of  which  Proportions  there  is  to  be  a  Parish,  and  an  Incumber  -^^ 

with  Glebes  and  Tithes,  ut  supra  (loi). 

For  the  Church. 
I.  Out  of  these  to  be  deducted  the  Primate's  share,  which  doth  contain  2,400  Acres  (102). 


was  afterwards  in  the  possession  of  a  family  of  the 
O'Reillys,  and  is  associated  with  the  name  of  Bishop 
Bedell,  who  was  imprisoned  there  by  the  Irish,  for  a 
time,  in  1641 ;  and  also  with  the  name  of  Owen  Roe 
O'Neill,  who  died  there  in  1649.  His  brother-in-law, 
Philip  O'Reilly,  occupied  the  castle  in  that  year,  but 
whether  as  his  r^ular  residence  or  only  as  a  re-capture 
from  the  English,  we  cannot  say. 

(97).  /rw  School, — To  build  and  endow  this  school, 
a  grant  of  1,536  acres  was  originally  made. 

(98).  Tfu  Natives, — These  natives,  who  were  very 
numerous  in  Cavan,  became  more  troublesome  to  manage 
than  the  project-makers  supposed.  Their  removal  from 
Ulster  could  not  even  be  attempted,  and  they  claimed 
freeholds  in  the  lands  that  had  belonged  time  immemorial 
to  their  clan.  In  his  '  Notes'  sent  to  London,  Chichester 
refers  to  the  matter  as  follows:  —  **The  Cavan  is  a 
spacious  and  lam  county,  very  populous,  and  the  people 
hardy  and  warlike..  The  chief  of  them  are  the  O'Realyes, 
of  which  surname  there  are  sundrr  septs,  most  of  them 
cross  and  opposite  one  unto  another.  By  the  division 
and  separation  among  themselves,  the  whole  county, 
which  heretofore  made  their  dependency  upon  the  chief 
of  the  sept,  may,  with  the  more  facility  and  assurance, 
l>c  divided  into  parcels,  and  disposed  to  several  free- 
holders, who,  depending  immediately  upon  the  King, 
will  not  fear  or  olxiy  their  neighbours  [their  former  legi- 
timate superiors],  unless  some  one  or  two  be  made  so 
pow^erful  as  to  overtop  and  sway  down  the  rest ;  and, 
therefore,  care  must  be  in  the  settlement  of  this  country, 
that  the  greatest  part  of  the  people  have  their  dependency 
immediately  upon  the  King,  ana  as  little  upon  the  Irish 
lords  as  may  be  without  apparent  hindrance  to  the  plan- 
tation and  settlement  of  that  country."  The  deputy 
iiecms  to  relent  a  little  in  reference  to  the  principal 
O'Reilly,  named  Mulmorie  [the  name  is  now  Myles],  who 
was  likely  to  come  to  the  wall  in  the  scramble  in  conse- 
qnence  of  so  many  natives  urging  their  claims  as  free- 
holders, according  to  the  deputy's  account,  but  in  reality 
because  his  patrimony  was  about  to  be  handed  over  to 


strangers.     "They  most  note,"  says  he,  "  that  thcfc 

many  freeholders,  as  they  pretend,  who  will  expect 
good  portion  of  that  barony  [Logfatee],  besides  that « *^' 
is  intended  for  the  town,  the  castle,  Cloufi^ioiiter, 
Belturbet ;  whereby  it  may  be  conceived  tnat  the 
of  the  house  will  be  left  in  a  meaner  state  than 
the  inferior  freeholders,  if  other  care  be  not  takci 
him ;  and,  therefore,  a  consideration  must  be  had 
the  division  how  he  may  be  relieved  Inr  allottiBg; 
portions  of  land  unto  him,  out  of  the  other 
by  reserving  to  him  some  chief  rents  from  the 
the  rather  because  his  father  was  slain  in  the  late 
service,  and  because  he  is  descended  by  the  moChcr 
the  house  of  Ormonde."    See  p.  60. 

(99).  By  Acres, — The  land   measure  known  as 
balliboe  (see  pp.  92, 97)  varied  in  size  perfaapsmoretliMi 
of  the  others  already  named.     In  the  county  of 
was  generally  reckoned  at  60  Irish  acres,    whlisfc 
Armagh  it  was  taken  to  contain  nearly,  if  not 
double  that  amount. 

(100).  Doth  contain  77,Soo  Acres, — This  amouit 
proaches  somewhat  nearer  to  the  actual  extent. 
the  preceding  cases,  of  the  lands  available  for 
purposes.     Much  of  the  county  of  Armagh  was 
earner  grantees,  but  after  making  due  aSowanoe  igr 
the  acres  now  specified  must  still  have  been  greatly 
the  actual  number  given  away  to  the  church  and 
undertakers.     The  wTiole  county  contains  328,076 
of  which  265,243  acres  are  arable  at  the  present 
least  the  half  of  the  latter  extent  being  available  fat 
cultural  purposes  when  this  Project  was  being  fnuned. 

(loi).  Ut  sufra, — There  are  60  parishes,  accofdiag 
Beaufort,  in  this  county,  having  an  average  of  5«8oo  « 
each.  Of  these,  38  are  in  the  diocese  of  Down,  nnd 
in  the  bishoprick  of  Dromore.     See  Memoir^  p.  aa        ^ 

(102).  Contain 2,400 Acres, — Thr  primstr'i  [iiiiiciiikiM^ 
which  were  eventually  much  more  extensive  in  thboowtf 
than  here  represented,  consisted  of  the  lordship  of  the  dt| 
and  manor  of  Armagh,  toj^ther  with  the  site  and  ctmi^ 
all  the  rights  and  appuHeoanccf  theieoC  with  all  Indi 


THE   PROJECT   OF   PLANTATION. 


JI5 


For  the  Incumbents*  Glebes,  4,650  Acres  (103). 

The  Monastery  Lands  (104),  already  granted,  430  Acres. 

The  lands  of  the  Fughes,  already  passed  to  Sir  Tirlaugh  McHenry,  contain  9,900  (105). 

The  Lands  granted  to  Sir  Henry  Oge  [O'Neill]  contain  4,900  Acres  (106). 

The  Undertakers'  Portion, 
as  after  these  Deductions  made  there  remain  for  Undertakers  55,620,  which  make  in  all  42 


ments  within  the  lordship  or  manor,  viz., 
ly  Ferrenmunterkellaghan,  Knocke-Iamoyle,  Dro- 
ugagh,  Imulcrany,  Ballyhereden,  Ferrenmckep* 
owne,  Adyosport,  Mullanecreany,  Tircmorgane, 
la,  Towasnaroe,  Tullynalecky,  Ferrenncg,  Col- 
anony,  Dromcame,  0*Bayrlea,  Cleantie,  Puvane, 
e,  Tirenasagart,  Tyregamct,  T}Tenacoillie,  Tyre* 
Mony-Icoymore,  Mony-Icoybeg,  Lurga-Iwal- 
reohill,  Ferrenecuggan,  Aghelyoshean,  Lyos- 
Feran,  Icayneaghan,  Tollyasna,  Ferrenmcenabb, 

Anaghriawoy,  Aghonoclea,  Ade-Iloy,  Moyne- 
1,  Cavaneacha,  Fryandromowyry,  Shrc^hanna, 
.Atnickoane,  Lareagh,  Aghovbby,  Garryantaym, 

Baharemyne,  Agheowilnn,  Mollagh,  Brolaghan, 
ijny,  Tyrcnegawen,  Ferren-Icoffy,  Brynane- 
Je,  Maghem-Ikeamey,  Aghohirie,  Shean, 
olc,  Ferrenokearan,  Ballyard-Ifolloghan,  Tully- 

BaUyia,  Ballymcgillnora,  Ferren-O'Cojrnan, 
iwna,  and  TuUogewy ;  with  the  customs  and 
be  fair  and  Market  of  Armagh."  (See  Patettt 
nes  I.,  p.  273).  The  grant  to  the  Archbishop 
i^h,  in  1 6 14,  included,  m  addition  to  the  above 
e  territory  of  Clinawly,  and  the  territory  of 
I  the  barony  of  Toughrany,  now  Tyrany  ;  the 
of  Coswey,  the  territory  of  Slutmelaghlen,  and 
cry  of  DoughmuntercuUen,  in  the  barony  of 
;  the  territory  of  Derribronchus,  and  the  terri- 
illmore,  in  the  barony  of  Onealan  ;  the  territory 
noir,  and  the  territory  of  Bally-McOwen,  in  the 
f  the  Fewes ;  with  extensive  lands  also  in  the 
rOrior.     Idiii.,  p.  273. 

Acres. — In  the  •  Note '  preserved  among  the 
pers  which  records  the  number  of  acres  allotted 
donty  to  the  Church,  it  is  stated  that  the  arch- 
id  2,480  acres  of  desmesne  lands,  and  that  the 
it  got  4,650  acres.  By  an  inquisition  taken  at 
it  was  found  that  the  archbishop  was  seized,  in 
his  bishoprick,  of  26  towns,  as  mensal  and 
lands,  and  that  he  ought  to  have  certain  rents 
r  duties  out  of  160  towns  more,  which  were  ter- 
Is  lying  in  the  several  territories  of  the  county — 
1  termon  lands  were  afterwards  granted  to  the 
)prick  in  demesne. 

MotuuUry  lands, — The  framers  of  this  *  Project' 
e  underrated  the  cjuantity  of  monastery  lands  in 
ty  of  Armagh,  which  certainly  far  exceeded  the 
set  down  above,  as  appears  from  the  several 
these  lands  to  three  servitors,  viz. ,  to  Sir  Toby 
I,  who  got  20  balliboes ;  Marmaduke  White- 
who  got  6  balliboes  ;  and  Sir  Nicholas  Bagenal, 
7  towns  in  Onealan.  Calculating  the  bsuliboe 
A  120  acres,  these  monastery  lands  must  have 


been   very   extensive.     See   £rck*s  Repertory^  pp.  306, 
415. 

(105).  Contain  9,900  acres, — ^The  denominations  on 
this  estate  were  Glasdromanie,  Dunrery,  Bellinaghy, 
Corneonagh,  Calderry,  Drumbally,  Gorantullinbpy, 
Camaley,  Drumill  ^/^irTullinavale,  Dereey,  Aghniniskyn, 
Tullyrallan,  Ballynaris,  Sermaclea,  Sytrim,  Culekem- 
nagh,  Mesdagh,  Claghogg,  Croganduff,  Clavenagh,  An- 
namnrra,  Clounly,  Killagnbane,  Tire,  Tulchard,  Carliffe, 
Clare,  Rakillane,  Creakill,  Crewkerrine,  Comacarry, 
Lissary,  Mongillagh,  Corkinmore,  Meaghban,  Leagh- 
scalcidy,  Gla^^drumniaghy,  Enaghgad,  Carin,  Drum- 
leckra,  Crosse,  Monnogg,  Orcher,  Drumuck,  Drumack- 
vale,  Drumbuy,  Lisragh7  Tullidonnell  alias  Ballaghmore, 
Legmolin,  Imarycame,  and  Camoly.  (See  Russell's  and 
Prendergasts'  Report  on  the  Carte  A/SS.,  pp.  148,  149.) 
It  would  appear  that  Sir  Tiriagh  M 'Henry  O'Neill,  the 
owner  of  this  fine  estate,  was  anxious  to  have  more  lands, 
and  that  Chichester  would  have  been  willing  to  gratify 
him,  provided  he  could  have  got  him  removed  from 
among  the  Fewes*  woods  and  placed  in  some  more  ex- 
posed position  where  he  could  be  more  easily  watched. 
In  his  Instructions  to  Sir  Thomas  Ridgeway  when 
sending  him  to  London  in  the  January  of  1609-10, 
the  deputy  refers  to  Sir  Tirlagh's  expressed  wishes 
as  follows: — **  Sir  Tyrlow  McHenry  O'Neale  seeks 
to  have  the  quantity  of  his  land  increased.  He  [Chi- 
chester] wishes  they  could  remove  him  from  the 
Fewes  and  settle  him  upon  the  plains ;  to  which,  if  he 
assent,  he  hopes  they  may  be  authorised  to  give  him  some 
reasonable  content ;  and  otherwise,  let  him  be  hemmed 
up  where  he  is."  Sir  Tirlaeh  found  that  he  was  about 
to  be  literally  **  hemmed  up  by  the  British  settlers,  and 
not  liking  this  prospect,  he  expressed  a  readiness  to  move 
rather  than  abide  such  arrangement ;  but  eventually  he 
preferred  to  remain  when  he  found  that  he  ran  the  risk — 
should  he  move  at  all — of  being  banished  from  his  own 
county  into  Cavan.  In  the  August  of  1610,  the  deputy, 
in  writing  to  the  council  in  London,  informed  them 
*'  that  as  Sir  Tiriagh  McHenry  seems  willing  to  be  Re- 
moved out  of  the  Fews,  a  convenient  place  be  providetl 
for  him  at  the  Cavan,  or  elsewhere."  As  no  later  refer- 
ence occurs  to  this  matter  in  the  State  Papers,  the  Irish 
chief  wisely  concluded,  no  doubt,  that  he  was  safer 
among  his  own  hills  and  woods  than  anywhere  else.  The 
first  grant,  however,  he  had  received  from  the  Crown  in 
1604  was  useless,  as  the  grant  which  had  been  made  of 
the  Fews  to  Chatterton  (see  p.  64)  had  not  then  been 
cancelled.  Sir  Tiriagh  was  obliged  to  get  a  legal  grant 
in  the  year  161 1.     See  Patent  Rolls^  James  I.,  p.  198. 

(106).  Contain  4,900  acra, — These  lands  lay  along  the 
southern  bank  of  the  Blackwater,  opposite  to  Sir  Henrjr 
Oge's  '  country*  in  Tyrone 


ii6 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Proportions,  viz,,  of  the  least  27,  of  the  middle  sort,  9,  and  of  the  greatest  6,  which  may  be  thus 
distributed,  viz.  : — 

To  the  English  and  Scottish  Undertakers,  28,  viz.,  of  the  greatest  18,  of  the  middle  sort  6,  and 
of  the  greatest  4.  , 

To  Servitors  6,  viz.,  of  the  least  4,  of  the  middle  sort  one,  and  one  of  the  greatest 

To  the  Natives  8,  viz.,  5  of  the  least,  2  of  the  middle  sort,  and  one  of  the  greatest  (107). 

The  odd  Acres  remaining  are  in  Number  3,120,  which  may  be  thus  divided,  viz. : — 

Twelve  hundred  Acres  to  four  Corporate  Towns  or  Burrows,  which  are  to  have  Libertiea^  and 
hold  their  I>ands,  as  before  is  expressed,  viz.,  to  Ardmagh  300  Acres,  to  Mountnorris  300  Aarea^  to  ^ 
Charlemount  300  Acres,  and  to  a  Corporate  Town  to  be  erected  at  Tanrygee,  in  O'Hanloii^MK 
Country,  300  Acres  (108). 

Of  the  rest,  1,200  Acres  may  be  granted  to  the  College  in  Dublin  (109),  and  the  residiMB^ 
being  720  Acres,  to  be  allotted  to  the  maintenance  of  a  Free  School  to  be  erected  at  Ardmagh  (i  10)^ 

Touching  the  Natives  (ni),  who  shall  not  be  Freeholders,  they  arc  to  be  placed  or 
by  order  of  the  Commissioners,  as  in  T3rrone. 

The  Escheated  Lands  in  every  of  the  said  Counties,  being  thus  divided  and  distributed. 
Several  Undertakers  are  to  have  such  estates,  and  to  yield  such  Rents  and  Services,  and  to  0I 
such  other  Articles,  as  are  lately  published  in  Print  by  his  Majesty's  Command 

Lastly,  for  the  Encouragement  and  Advancement  of  the  Scholars  of  the  College  of  Dublin,  ai 
to  furnish  the  Churches  of  Ulster  with  sufficient  Incumbents,  we  think  it  convenient,  if  it  plea— ^ 
his  Majesty,  that  there  be  six  Advowsons,  in  every  County  given  to  the  College,  viz.,  three  of 
best  and  three  of  the  second  value  (112). 


( 1 07 ).  The  greatest,  — Instead  of  42,  only  28  proportions 
could  be  found  to  distribute  amon£  all  classes  of  under- 
takers, of  which  the  English  and  Scotch  got  5  of  the 
greatest,  3  of  the  middle,  and  8  of  the  small  size  ;  whilst 
die  servitors  and  natives  were  left  2  of  the  greatest,  3  of 
the  middle,  and  7  small  ones.  In  the  'Note,'  preserved 
among  the  State  papers,  of  the  number  of  English  under- 
takers  intended  for  Armagh,  it  is  stated,  that  in  this  county 
**lhe  English  and  Scottish  have  allotted  [to  them]  28 
proportions  ;  18  of  the  least,  6  of  the  middle,  and  4  of  the 
great ;  whereof  the  English  are  to  have  14,  viz.,  9  of  the 
least,  3  of  the  middle,  and  2  of  the  great.  The  under- 
takers of  this  country  may  be  for  example  :  I.  Sir  Maurice 
Berkely,  of  3  small  proportions  ;  2.  Sir  Richard  Trevor, 
3  small  proportions ;  3.  Sir  Arthur  Bagenall,  of  Newry, 
3  small  proportions ;  4.  The  King's  Attorney-General 
of  Ireland,  2  middle  proportions  ;  5.  Richard  Hadsor, 
Counsellor-at-Law,  one  middle  proportion  ;  6.  The  Lord 
Audelay,  2  great  proportions."  At  the  end  of  this  'Note,* 
it  is  added,  "the  list  of  names  already  made  will  till  up 
the  number  of  sufficient  undertakers,  or  if  it  shall  come 
short  now,  before  the  middle  of  Easter  term  the  number 
will  be  double,  if  his  Lordship  [Chichester]  appoint  com- 
missioners to  whom  they  shall  repair — especially  if  he 
remit  the  capite  tenure,  and  enlarge  time  for  building." 

( 108).  Three  hundred  Aeres. — *  Tanrygee, '  now  written 
Tanderagee,  never  actually  aspired  to  corporate  honours  ; 
the  only  places  above-named  which  sent  members  to  Par- 
liament being  Armagh  and  Charlemount 


(109).  Dublin. — ^Trinity  Colle|;e  obtained  a  Uige 
in  this  county,  which  wiU  be  noticed  in  detail  hem 

(no).  At  Ardma^h,^^The  amount  of  this  grant 
Free  School  will  be  referred  to  subsequently. 

(in).   The  Natives. — ^The  natives  of  all  classes  of 
county  of  Armagh  were  more  or  less  suspected  and 
by  the  authorities  ;  among  those  in  the  highest  raiUa 
the  O'Hanlons,  nephews  of  the  Earl  of  'i^rrone ;  the 
of  Art  M 'Baron  and  Sir  Tyrlagh  M 'Henry  O'NeUI, 
were  also  very  closely  related  to  that  dbtinguished  < 
All    the    swordmen  and    woodkem  in    Armajrii 
ready  to  do  the  bidding  of  the  influential  famSies  nom 
named,  and   the  woodkem  especially  were  numerotk 
The  latter  had  been  rendered  desperate  by  the  imwiK 
policy  adopted  towards  them  at  this  time  by  Chkfaeiker, 
who  would  neither  pardon  them,  nor  permit  them  to 
leave  the  country,  excepting  such  only  as  could  bring 
him  the  heads  of  associates  and  kinsmen.     When  writii^ 
to  the  council  in  London  on  the  5th  of  Feb.,  1608-9^  lie 
informed  them  that  "the  county  of  Armagh  has  Uide 
petition  to  him  to  pardon  their  woodkeme,  or  pennit 
them  to  go  beyond  the  sea."    He  would  neither  do  the 
one  or  the  other  as  he  stated,  except  on  the  conditioo 
mentioned.       Chichester  was  soon  forced  by 
stances,    however,    to   abandon   this  cruel  ^polkj^ 
as  he  could  not  even  attempt  the  removal  of  '  the 
gerous  classes'  from  this  county,  he  took  pains  aftcinaidi 
to  conciliate  them. 

(112).  Second  value. — ^The  number  and  names  of  ad* 
vowsons  will  be  mentioned  in  a  subsequent  chapter. 


Chapter  IV. — Doubts  and  Delays. 

I. 

T  so  happened  that  during  the  winter  of  1608,  and  far  onward  into  the  spring  of  1609, 

there  came  a  pause,  if  not  a  positive  stand-still,  in  the  plantation  movement     The 

English  servitors  in  Ireland,  who  were  supposed  to  be  most  alive,  because  most 

deeply  interested  in  the  business,  had,  apparently^  become  not  only  apathetic  but 

^■bsolutely  hostile  to  the  scheme,  as  explained  in  certain  passages,  first,  of  the   *  Orders  and 

Conditions,'  and  secondly,  of  the  *  Project*  itself.     The  intending  undertakers  resident  in  England 

^tnd  Scotland  did  not  so  much  object  to  the  movement  on  the  grounds  taken  up  by  the  servitors, 

s&^s  because  of  certain  alarming  rumours  then  daily  in  circulation,  to  the  effect  that  Ulster  was  soon 

t<>  be  invaded  by  the  Earl  of  Tyrone,  and  that  by  the  native  population  of  this  province  he  would 

be  literally  made  as  welcome  as  the  flowers  of  the  then  approaching  May.     The  sulky  attitude  of 

^e   servitors,  when  taken  in  connection  with  the  fact  that  the  hearts  of  the  would-be  British 

■'iciertakers  were  beginning  to  "  fail  them  for  fear,"  soon  communicated  a  paralysing  influence  even 

^^     such    officials    as    had    been  hitherto  accustomed   to    work  on   in   faith   and  hope.       At 

^*«t,  Chichester  himself  began  to  doubt  how  it  was  all  to  end.     Indeed,  the  protracted  absence  of 

^^^vys,  who  had  left  Dublin  about  the  middle  of  October  (see  p.  68),  and  remained  all  the  winter 

•»*  dngland,  appears  to  have  had  a  very  discouraging  influence,  especially  on  the  deputy.     By  the 

^^^ginning  of  April,  however,  the  attorney's  work  in  connection  with  the  general  project  was  brought 

^o    21.  close;   he  had  satisfiactorily  explained  to  the  King  and  council,  and  expounded  to  the 

^^^txunissioners  for  Irish  causes,  every  point  in  the  great  Ulster  enterprise  which  had  previously 

puzzled  them. 

Of  course  the  London  authorities  were  literally  charmed  with  Dav>'s  ;  and,  when  sending  him 

^^*ok  to  Dublin,  they  wrote  to  Chichester,  on  the  6th  of  April,  saying,  among  other  matters,  that  they 

**  al>stain  dwelling  on  his  [Davys's]  services,  because  the  King  had  done  this  in  his  particular 

^€tter.    They  would  only  say  that  in  relating  the  aff*airs  of  the  plantation,  he  had  carried  himself  so 

*^  to  merit  their  commendation  both  of  his  own  services,  and  those  of  the  council  [in  Dublin]." 

^^en  Davys  reached  Chester  on  his  way  back,  he  found  a  letter  from  Chichester  awaiting  him  ; 

and  this  letter  appears  not  only  to  have  indicated  uneasiness  of  mind  on  the  part  of  the  writer,  but 

c^^^  to  have  troubled  the  hopeful  attorney  himself.     Unfortunately,  Chichester's  letter  is  not 

fotthcoming,  but  whatever  may  have  been  its  precise  import,  Davys  without  delay  enclosed  it  to 

Salisbury,  with  a  communication  from  himself,  dated  April  28,  and  commencing  as  follows : — 

**Though  at  all  times  and  places  he  [Davys]  remembers  his  duty  to  his  Lordship  [Salisbury],  yet 

^  did  not  think  to  express  the  same  by  letters  until  he  should  have  arrived  in  Ireland.      Howbeit^ 

•ten  he  met  with  this  enclosed  letter,  directed  to  him  by  the  Lord  Deputy,  thought  it  his  duty  to 

transmit  it  to  his  Lordship,  because  it  contains  sundry  matters  which  he  should  have  moved  if  he 

had  been  present,  and  should  have  obtained  his   I/>rdship's  {Salisbury's]  directions  therein^ 


Il8  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

Touching  the  defects  which  the  Lord  Deputy  notes  in  the  printed  project,  if  his  Lordship 
[Chichester]  had  seen  the  Instructions  which  are  to  be  annexed  to  the  commission  of  plantation, 
he  should  find  that  such  liberty  is  given  to  the  commissioners,  and  so  much  is  left  to  their 
discretion,  that  all  those  defects  may  easily  be  supplied."  In  a  list  of  *  Instructions'  which  had 
been  some  time  previously  drawn  up,  and  which  is  preserved  among  the  State  Papers,  the 
discretionary  powers  given  to  commissioners  were  not,  it  would  appear,  sufficiently  full,  or  well- 
defined  ;  but  in  the  commission  soon  afterwards  granted  by  the  King,  this  want,  which  constituted 
a  positive  defect  in  Chichester's  eyes,  was  amply  provided  for. 

On  the  arrival  of  Davys  in  Dublin,  he  did  not  permit  much  time  to  elapse  before  describing 
to  his  English  patrons  a  more  cheerful  aspect  of  affairs  in  Ulster  than  the  deputy's  letters  had  led 
him  to  expect.     He  wTOte  to  Salisbury  on  the  nth  May,  referring  to  this* important  theme  in  the 
very  first  sentence  of  his  letter,  and  ascribing  any  trifling  discontent  that  existed  to  the  evil  counsels 
of  the  priests.     "  Since  his  return  into  this  kingdom,"  he  says,  "  the  5th  of  this  month,  has  heard 
of  no  new  accident  here  of  any  note  or  importance.     Found  the  Term  begun,  and  the  towa 
[Dublin]  full  of  people,  which  concur  [come  together]  out  of  all  the  parts  of  this  kingdom  hither, 
rather  to  hear  news  than  to  prosecute  suits  in  laws ;  whereof  the  courts  of  justice  are  almost  emptif , 
by  reason  that  the  priests,  who  now  swarm  in  this  realm  more  than  ever,  by  spreading  rumours 
war  and  troubles,  make  the  people  believe  that  the  times  are  very  doubtful,  though  otherwise 
was  never  a  more  universal  inward  peace  than  now."    Davys  was  thus  literally  saying  '  peace' 
there  was  no  peace,  except  that  produced  by  weakness  and  dismay  on  the  part  of  the  Imp] 
natives.      They  had  heard  (in  addition  to  their  many  sorrows)  from  this  'Project,'  and 
sources,  of  the  small  shreds  and  patches  of  land  that  were  to  be  given  back,  and  only  to  a 
compared  with  those  who  had  been  led  by  promises  to  expect  a  more  liberal  return  for 
services  during  O'Dogherty's  revolt     The  deputy  had  been  feeling  very  much  disquieted 
account  of  this  niggardly  treatment  of  the  Moyal'  natives  which  might,  as  he  said,  hsLVt  the  effect         of 
bringing  on  a  new  struggle  in  Ulster. 

But  another  cause  of  discouragement  and  distraction  among  the  authorities,  on  both  sides  ^  of 
the  channel,  was  the  discovery  that  the  sur\cy  made  in  the  preceding  autumn  was  altogeth^i^^' 
unreliable,  and  would  have  misled  the  commissioners  appointed  to  mark  off  the  several  proportion, 
according  to  the  required  bounds  and  limits.  This  discovery  had  the  effect  of  suspending  active 
operations,  and  of  calling  up  a  chorus  of  grumblings  and  recriminations.  There  was  nothing  fc 
it,  however,  but  that  a  new  commission  of  sur\'ey  must  traverse  the  whole  ground  again  more 
cautiously,  and  with  a  better  knowledge  of  the  points  specially  requiring  elucidatioa  Accordingly, 
when  the  first  flush  of  surprise  and  disappointment  had  passed  off,  the  King,  who  now  became 
thoroughly  aroused,  may  be  said  to  have  led  on  his  myrmidons  in  person  against  the  green  fields 
and  rich  fishings  of  Ulster.  In  other  words,  his  Majesty  set  all  heads  and  hands  to  work  once 
more,  by  the  issue  of  a  new  commission,  and  an  urgent  appeal  to  Chichester  to  go  ahead,  if  it  weie 
only  for  appearance  sake  in  the  eyes  of  other  countries,  who  were  now  looking  on  !  The  foliowing 
is  the  substance  of  this  appeal  on  the  part  of  the  King — issued  of  course  in  the  fbnn  of  a  command 


DOUBTS    AND    DELAYS.  II9 

-  -which  is  dated  the  last  day  of  June,  1609,  but  not  received,  with  its  accompanying  documents, 

until  late  in  the  month  of  July :— "  We  intend  nothing  with  greater  earnestness  than  that  the 

plantation  of  Ulster,  now  in  hand,  with  civil  men,  and  men  well-affected  in  religion,  should  be 

accomplished ;  but  finding  that  this  business,  which  he  [the  King]  had  once  intended  should  both 

have  been  begun  and  finished  this  summer  [1609],  will  require  longer  consideration,  he  intends 

for  the  present  only  those  things  which  may  make  a  due  preparation  for  a  solid  plantation 

thereafter.     And  that  this  may  more  effectually  proceed  (which  so  concerneth  our  honour  and 

service,  both  in  respect  that  foreign  estates  do  cast  their  eyes  upon  it,  and  the  ill-affected  at  home 

and  abroad  [/>.,  those  to  whom  the  lands  had  belonged],  will  be  ready  to  take  advantage  of  any 

thing  omitted,  or  neglected  therein),  our  will  and  pleasure,  therefore,  is  that,  with  the  aid  of  so 

taany  of  the  Privy  Council  as  can  best  give  him  [Chichester]  assistance,  he  shall  have  a  commission 

prepared,  authorising  them  to  inquire  of  all  the  lands  that  are,  or  ought  to  be,  in  the  King's 

possession  by  forfeiture,  escheat,  or  any  other  means,  within  the  counties  of  Ardmagh,  Coleraine, 

Tyrone,  Donegal,  Fermanagh,  and  Cavan ;  and  to  survey  the  same ;  and  to  plot  out  and  divide 

the  lands  into  proportions,  according  to  the  project  and  certain  Articles  of  instruction,  both 

of  irhich  he  [Chichester]  will  receive  herewith,  signed  by  his  Majesty's  hand ;  and  to  hear  and 

determine  all  questions  of  the  said  lands.     For  which  we  will  and  require  that  one  commission  or 

more  as  you  may  find  necessary,  shall  be  passed  under  our  great  seal  and  that  of  our  realm,  not 

only  to  authorise  and  enable  you  and  them  to  execute  the  several  points  before  specified,  but  also 

'because  many  things  may  occur,  that,  in  your  and  their  knowledge,  may  be  thought  fit  to  be 

^^cJed,  which  to  us  do  not  yet  appear ;  and  to  grant  full  power  and  authority  to  you  and  them  to 

^'ceoiite  all  acts  and  things  for  the  furtherance  and  speeding  of  the  said  plantation.     And  we 

^^^^ifide  in  your  integrity  not  to  allow  any  private  ends,  or  [the  private  ends]  of  any  of  the 

^^^^ixiinissioners  to  prevail,  so  that  the  plantation  should  be  hindered  or  prevented ;  and  you  are 

"^^^^viired  to  send  over  transcripts  of  yoiir  proceedings,  under  the  Great  Seal,  to  be  considered  by 

^he  Privy  Council  in  England. 

"Westminster,  30  June,  1609." 

This  new  commission  was  not  issued  until  the  19th  of  July,  but  in  the  interval,  Chichester, 

^^ting  to  the  council  in  London,   on   the   4th   of   the  month,   informs  them  that  he    had 

'' expected  with  the  coming  over  of  the  chief  baron  [Sir  John  Denham],  and  the  master  of  the 

^dnance  [Sir  Oliver  St  John],  or  one  of  them,  to  have  received  commission  to  go  into  Ulster  this 

**iniiiier,  about  the  settlement  of  some  parts  thereof,  at  least,  or  else  to  put  it  in  some  forwardness. 

I'hc  year  is  already  far  spent,  and  the  winter  will  grow  on  very  early  in  those  parts ;  and  withal 

some  necessary  preparations  are  to  be  made  beforehand,  besides  the  drawing  together  of  some 

convenient  forces  to  attend  the  commissioners ;  howsoever,  in  order  that  there  may  be  no  obstacle 

fcr  that,  if  he,  or  other  commissioners  less  chargeable  to  the  King,  shall  yet  be  required  to  go 

thither  in  any  due  time,  he  has  provided  sufficient  store  of  bread  to  be  sent  before  them  to  the 

^ewrie,  which,  if  the  journey  be  put  off,  may  be  otherwise  expended  among  the  garrisons,  without 

extraordinary  charge  to  his  Majesty."    We  have  here  a  good  illustration  of  the  forethought  and 


I20  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

perseverance  with  which  the   deputy  generally  moved  forward  with  his  work,  even  whilst  some 
others,   almost   equally   concerned,    looked  idly  on.      One  other  at  least  was  also   busy  at  thb 
crisis,  for,  whilst  Chichester  gave  himself  up  mainly  for  a  time  to  the  collection  of  soldiers  and  the 
accumulation  of  breadstuffs  at  the  Newrie,  Davys  engaged  heart  and  hand  in  the  drawing  out 
of  the  commission,  ^vriting  letters,  receiving  instructions  from  London,  and  making  other  preliminaiy 
arrangements  for  this  new,  and  perhaps  most  important  of  all  their  many  excursions  to  the  North. 
The  other  officials  caught  up,  more  or  less  quickly,  something  of  Davys's  enthusiasm.     The  latter 
wrote  to  Salisbur)',  on  the  20th  of  July,  as  follows  : — "By  the  last  dispatch  received  a  letter  wherein, 
to  his  comfort  and  encouragement,  he  found  the  continuance  of  his  lordship's  favour  towards  him, 
which  he  will  ever  study  to  preserve.     This  dispatch  has  given  new  life  to  the  hope  they  had  of  the 
plantation,  which  had  begun  to  languish,  when  they  saw  the  year  so  far  spent  before  any  directions 
came  for  that  business ;  but  now  they  are  glad  to  see  every  man  so  cheerful  and  ready  to  undertake 
the  journey,  as  they  hope  it  presages  a  fortunate  success.     The  chief  justice  [now  Sir  Humj^iey 
Winche]  and  himself  [Davys]  were  appointed  justices  of  Assize  for  the  shires  of  Low  Lynster ;  but 
these  new  directions  have  diverted  their  course  from  thence  into  Ulster." 

It  thus  appears  that,  when  Chichester  TVTOte  his  letter  about  the  probability  of  requiric^ 
supplies  to  be  placed  at  Newry,  he  had  not  heard  of  the  grand  move  in  the  highest  quarters  ax^^ 
among  the  authorities  in  Ix)ndon.     On  receiving  the  King's  letter,  however,  which  came  almost     Vr\ 
time  to  be  too  late,  nothing  was  thought  of  in  Dublin  Castle  but  this  new  journey  to  and 
Ulster ;  and  no  questions  were,  for  the  time,  so  generally  or  warmly  discussed  among  high 
as  certain  points  which  had  been  comparatively  overlooked,  or  quite  neglected,  during  tftrm.^ir 
excursion  of  the  preceding  autumn.     They,  now,  were  about  to  set  forth  for  the  purpose^s.       of 
clearing  more  distinctly  the  King's  title  to  the  escheated  lands,  of  establishing  more  exactly 
boundaries  between  the  possessions  of  the  Church  and  the  Crown,  of  drawing  out  a  more 
chorographical  survey  of  the  several  forfeited  territories,  and  last,  though  not  least,  of  marking       off 
the  proportions  throughout  the  whole  vast  extent  of  the  counties  they  were  about  to  traverse.     C^^ne 
point  they  were  specially  required  by  the  King  to  make  clear,  namely,  to  establish  by  cskrc-  ^^^ 
investigation  throughout  the  several  districts,  the  real  ownership  of  the  herenagh  and  termon  lan^n^ 
about  which  a  somewhat  bitter  controversy  had  arisen  between  the  bishops  and  the  Crown  lawye^^*^ 
There  had  been  already,  it  is  true,  a  distinct  expression  of  opinion  by  the  latter,  which  went  1^^^ 
show  that  the  lands  had  never  belonged  to  the  bishops  in  demesne,  and  must,  therefore,  be  take  ^^^ 
as  vested,  by  their  forfeiture,  in  the  King.     Under  ordinary  circumstances,  this  decision  wouk-^ 
have  settled  the  question,  but  the  northern  province  was  then  in  a  state  of  utter  disorganisatioiv 
and  nothing  short  of  the  most  radical  changes  could  satisfy  the  revolutionists  in  Church  and  State. 
These  revolutionists,  lay  and  clerical,  were  quite  agreed  in  the  opinion  that  the  lands  in  dispute 
should  be  taken  from  their  former  owners,  but  whilst  agreeing  in  this  they  differed  in  taio  as  to 
whom,  or  what  party,  these  lands  ought  to  be  given.      Bishop  Montgomery  made  a  formal 
complaint  to  the  King  that  the  commissioners  of  the  former  year  had  decided  this  question  hasdiy 
against  the  Church,  broadly  asserting  that  such  decision  was  made  because  he  had  not  been  put 


DOUBTS    AND    DELAYS.  121 

upon  the  commission.     Although  the  King  had  already  determined  to  surrender  the  herenagh  and 

termon  lands  for  the  exclusive  benefit  of  the  Church,  he,  nevertheless,  wished  to  be  put  first  into 

the  position  of  undisputed  owner  thereof,  in  order  that  the  prelates  might  know  distinctly  to 

whom  they  must  feel  indebted  for  the  munificent  gift,  and  for  the  further  purpose,  that  he  might  be  able 

to  impose  upon  them  the  usual  conditions  of  plantation  in  the  management  of  these  extensive 

estates.     To  prevent  similar  complaints  against  the  commission  now  about  to  be  issued,  the  primate, 

and  the  northern  bishops  concerned,  were  appointed  commissioners.     In  the  letter  of  Davys  to 

Salisbury  last  quoted,  the  writer  refers  to  this  matter  as  follows  : — "  He  [Davys]  has  opportunity  to 

send  a  copy  of  their  commission  for  the  plantation,  because  in  the  draft  of  it  the  onus  laboris  was 

imposed  upon  him.     Conjectures  my  Lord  Deputy  named  so  many  commissioners  in  order  to  take 

away  occasion  of  emulation  among  the  Privy  Councillors,  which  might  arise  if  some  were  named  and 

others  omitted.     Confesses,  however,  that  he  himself  [Davys]  was  an  earnest  suitor  that  all  the 

bishops  of  the  north  might  be  put  in  this  commission,  because  the  omitting  of  one  bishop  the  last 

year,  though  he  was  present  when  the  inquisition  was  taken,  and  showed  all  his  title,  and  opposed 

against  the  King's  title  more  than  he  could  have  done  if  he  had  been  a  commissioner,  gave  him 

[Bishop  Montgomery]  some  colour  to  complain,  whereby  he  gained  all  the  Termon  land.     If  there 

fed  been  fewer  commissioners  appointed  now,  perhaps  the  service  would  have  been  performed  as 

soon  as  now  it  will  be ;  for  he  thinks  that  prince  wished  well  and  wisely  for  himself,  who  said  '  give 

'He  a  thousand  hands  to  defend  me,  but  only  two  or  three  heads  to  counsel  me.' "     Montgomery's 

complaint  is  also  referred  to  by  Chichester  in  the  following  terms,  when  writing  to  Salisbury  on  the 

'7th  of  April,  1609  : — "They  want  the  presence  of  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Derry,  who,  for  what  he 

"Cars,  is  not  yet  arrived.     The  Bishop's  absence  made  him  send  for  the  Lord  Chancellor,  albeit  he 

''^as   not  well  able  to  take  these  travels  upon  him.     Confesses  that  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Derry's 

^^naplaints,  grounded  upon  imagination,  fi-om  which  no  public  officer  or  minister  can  be  free,  if  he 

please  not  all  times,  have  in  some  kind  made  him  [the  chancellor]  more  wary,  but  can  never  make 

*^in  more  honest  in  his  proceedings  than  he  has  been  towards  his  Majesty,  the  church,  himself, 

^^^  the  commonwealth." 

IL 

Of  this  celebrated  commission,  a  copy,  dated  July  19,  is  preserved  among  the  Irish  State 

Papers.    The  copy  here  submitted,  with  its  accompanying  articles  of  *  Instruction,'  is  that  which 

^■^  found  by  Harris  in  the  Rolls  office,  Dublin,  and  printed  by  him,  among  other  papers  on  Irish 

^tory,  in   the   year   1770.      (See  the  Hibemica^   pp.    131- 138).       The   commission   and    the 

Instnictions  we  quote  in  extenso^  because  of  their  importance  as  part  and  parcel  of  the  plantation 

5tc»y.    These  documents,  in  their  clear  and  yet  minute  description  of  the  objects  to  be  kept  in 

^  by  the  commissioners,  are  worthy  of  the  genius  of  Davys,  who  was  mainly  concerned  in  their 

preparation.      They  are  as  follow  : — A  Commission  to  inquire  into  the  King's  Title  to  the  several 

escheated  and  forfeited  Lands  in  Ulster,  in  the  several  Countys  of  Armagh,  Tyrone,  Colerain, 

Donegall,  Fermanagh,  and  Cavan,  in  order  to  the  Plantation  there ;  with  Articles  and  Instructions 

annexed. 
Q 


122 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


James,  &c,  to  our  right  trusty  and  well-beloved  Sir  Arthur  Chichester^  Knight, 
Deputy  of  our  Realm  of  Ireland ;  Thomas  [Johes]  archbishop  of  Dublin^  our  chanceUoc; 
in  our  said  Realm ;  Henry  [Ussher]  archbishop  of  Armagh,  Primate  of  all  Ireland ;  Geoigc 
[Montgomery]  bishop  of  Derry,  Clogher,  and  Raphoe ;  Robert  [Draper]  bishop  of  Kilmorc  and 
Ardagh ;  Sir  Thomas  Ridgeway,  Knight,  our  Vice-Treasurer,  and  Treasurer  at  Wars  in  our  said 
Realm  ;  Sir  Richard  Wingfield,  Knight,  our  Marshal  of  our  Army  there ;  Sir  Humphrey  Windx^ 
Knight,  chief  justice  of  our  chief  Place  in  our  said  Realm ;  Sir  John  Denham,  Knight,  chief  Baion 
of  our  Exchequer;  the  Master  of  our  Rolls  in  our  Chancery  of  the  said  Realm  (or  the  time  beiqg; 
Sir  Oliver  St.  John,  Knight,  Master  of  our  Ordnance  in  our  said  ReaUn ;  Sir  Oliver  Landxit^ 
Knight,  one  of  our  Privy  Council  in  our  said  Realm ;  Sir  Henry  Power,  Knight,  one  other  of  our 
Privy  Council ;  Sir  Gerald  Moore,  Knight,  one  other  of  our  said  Privy  Council ;  Sir  Ridianl 
Gooke,  Knight,  our  Principal  Secretary  in  our  said  Realm ;  Sir  John  Davys,  Knight,  our  Attorney 
in  our  said  Realm ;  William  Parsons,  Esq.,  Surveyor  General  of  our  Possessions  in  our  said  Realm; 
and  George  Sexton,  Esq.,  our  Escheator  within  our  Province  of  Ulster,  greeting. 

Whereas  great  scopes  and  extent  of  Land  in  the  several  Counties  of  Armagh,  Tyrone,  Coliaiae» 
Donegall,  Fermanagh  and  Cavan,  within  our  Province  of  Ulster,  are  escheated  and  come  to  oar 
hands  by  the  Attainder  of  sundry  Traitors  and  Rebels,  and  by  other  just  and  lawful  Tides,  wbercof 
we  have  caused  heretofore  several  Inquisitions  to  be  taken,  and  Surveys  to  be  made,  whic)i  being 
transmitted  and  presented  unto  us,  we  considered  with  our  Privy  Council  attending  our  Person,  bow 
much  it  would  advance  the  welfare  of  that  Kingdom  if  the  said  Lands  were  planted  with  Cdomes  of 
eivil  Men,  and  well-affected  in  Religion ;  whereupon  there  was  a  Project  conceived  for  the  divisioii  of 
the  said  Lands  into  Proportions,  (see  chap.  III.)  and  for  the  Distribution  of  the  same  unto  Uodflr 
takers,  together  with  certain  articles  of  Instruction  for  such  as  should  be  appointed  Commissioam 
for  the  Plantation ;  which  Project  knd  Articles,  signed  with  our  own  Hand,  we  have  latefy  triM 
mitted  unto  you  our  Deputy.  And  whereas,  we  are  informed  that  in  the  Inquisitions  and  Surreys 
formerly  taken,  there  have  been  some  Omissions,  as  well  of  the  ecclesiastical  Lands  claimed  kf 
the  several  Bishops,  within  whose  Dioceses  the  said  escheated  Lands  do  lie,  as  of  the  Lands  merely 
Temporal,  which  might  the  more  easily  happen,  by  reason  that  the  Quantity  and  Measures  of  Lands 
in  those  Countries  which  were  not  in  former  Times  governed  by  the  English  Laws,  were  unknown 
to  our  officers  and  Ministers  there  (i) ;  as  also  because  the  said  Service  of  Enquiry  and  Survej 


(i).  Ministers  there, — ^These  were  not  sufficient  reasons 
to  account  for  such  serious  inaccuracies  as  appeared  in  the 
results  of  the  former  survey  ;  for  although  the  land-mea- 
fares  above-named  varied  in  different  districts,  yet  the 
extent  of  land  included  by  any  one  of  them  in  the  same 
district  was  clearly  understood  hy  the  Irish,  and  might 
have  been  as  clearly  ascertained  by  the  English  surveyors. 
But  the  causes,  (whatever  they  may  have  been),  which 
produced  such  deceptive  admeasurements  daring  the 
northern  excursion  of  1 60S,  had  nut  ceased  to  operate 
when  the  same  work  was  to  be  repeated  in  1609.  The 
commissioners  in  the  interval  had  not  probably  made 
themselvei  better  acquainted  with  the  subject  of  Irish 
land  measures;  although  they  were  now  required  to 


hold  assizes,  the  work  therein  was  l^ter  thift  ii  liOl; 
but  their  time  was  too  limited,  and  the  'hot' 
with  which  they  had  to  do  their  work  proyed  fintaly 
other  causes,  to  its  accuracy  in  1609  also.  Sodi 
English  servitors  as  were  to  have  grants  of  lands  in  Ulsterv 
were  incessantly  urging  the  importance  of  dcspntdk  in 
actually  beginning  to  plant  Some  xiTgjtd.  this  on  Ike 
grouncb  that,  should  the  Earl  of  Tyrone  return 
expected,  the  prior  arrival  of  English  and  Scottish 
takers  would  be  most  serviceable  in  assisting  the 
ment  to  sustain  the  firit  shock  of  the  retoTt  thnt 
then  necessarily  ensue ;  others  ncgcd  haste  on  tht 
practical  grounds  that,  should  the  escheated  lands  not^ 
surveyed  and  occupied  at  once  by  the  granti 


DOUBTS    AND    DELAYS.  IJ83 

was  mixed  with  other  Services  [which  was  also  the  case  in  1609],  namely,  with  Gaol  Deliveries  and  other 
Execution  ofpublick  Justice,  and  with  the  Prosecution  of  such  as  were  in  open  Action  of  Rebellion, 
kmnvye^  that  we,'reposing  special  Trust  and  Confidence  in  your  Wisdom,  Diligence,  and  Sincerity,  have 
liy  the  Advice  and  Consent  of  you,  our  right  trusty  and  well-beloved  Councellor,  Sir  Arthur  Chiches- 
ter, Knight,  our  Deputy  General  of  our  said  Realm  of  Ireland,  made,  constituted,  ordained,  and 
appointed  you,  or  any  five  or  more  of  you  (whereof  our  said  Deputy  shall  be  always  one),  to  be  oi|r 
Commissioners,  and  we  do  hereby  give  unto  you,  or  any  five  or  more  of  you,  full  Power  and 
Authority  to  enquire  as  well  by  the  oaths  of  good  and  lawful  men,  as  by  all  such  other  good  ways 
and  Means,  as  to  you  $hall  seem  fit  and  convenient,  what  Castles^  Manors,  Lordships,  Lands, 
Tenements,  Rents,   Services,  Customs,  Duties,  Fishings,  Advowsons,  or  other   Hereditaments, 
whatsoever,  situate,  lying,  and  being  in  the  several  Counties  of  Armagh,  Colraine,  Tyrone,  Donegall, 
Fermanagh,  and  Cavan,  or  either  of  them,  are  escheated  and  come,  or  ought  to  come,  or  ought  to 
be  escheated  and  come  to  our  Hands  and  Possession,  or  to  the  Hands  and  Possession  of  any  of 
our  Progenitors  or  Predecessors,  King§  or  Queen§  of  England,  by  virtue  of  any  Act  or  Acts  of 
ParUament,  by  attainder  of  any  Person  or  Persons,  by  Breach  of  any  Condition  or  Conditions 
contained  in  any  Letters  Patent,  by  escheat,  forfeiture,  or  any  other  Ways  or  Means  whatsoever  ; 
ai4  to  make  an  exact  Sufvey  of  the  said  I^nds,  Tenements,  and  Hereditaments,  and  of  every  Part 
hereof,  by  the  Numbers  of  Ballybetaghs,  Ballyboes,  Polls,  Tathes,  Acres,  or  other  Measures  and 
Quantities  of  \jStiDA  used  and  known  in  the  said  several  Counties ;  and  after  Inquisition  and  Suryey 
thereof,  as  aforesaid,  to  plot  and  divide  the  said  Lands  into  several  Parishes,  Precincts,  and 
Proportions,  and  to  distinguish  the  same  by  particular  Names,  Meares,  and  Bounds,  according  to 
th^  Ten(»-  and  Intent  of  the  said  Project  (^e  chap.  III.)  and  Articles  of  Instruction  hereunto 
*wexe<J;  and  further,  to  perform  and  execute  ^1  and  every  Act  and  Acts,  thing  and  things,  what- 
socm,  contained  and  prescribed  in  and  by  the  said  Project  and  Articles. 

And  we  do  further,  by  and  with  the  consent  aforesaid,  give  unto  you,  or  any  five  or  more  of 
you,  aforesaid,  full  power  and  authority  to  hear  and  determine  all  Titles,  Controversies,  and  Matters 
whatsoever,  whidi  shall  arise,  and  be  moved  or  pretended  as  well  between  us  and  our  subjects,  9J^ 
^*tween  Party  and  Party,  concerning  the  jsaid  Lands,  Tenements,  Hereditaments,  or  any  P^trtt 
'k^f'eof  {the  Church  Lands  only  excepted),  which,  nevertheless,  you  shall  also  have  the  Power  to 
^^and  decree,  as  aforesaid,  so  as  it  be  done  with  the  Consent  of  our  Deputy,  and  of  you  tl^je 
^bishop  of  Dublin,  our  Chancellor,  and  of  you  Henry  archbishop  of  Armagh,  Primate  of  ^1 
Ireland,  and  of  you,  George  bishop  of  Derry,  Clogher,  and  Raphoe. 

And,  lastly,  we  dp  hereby  give  you,  or  piiy  five  or  more  of  you,  full  Power  and  Authority  to  4o 

<tnd  execute  all  and  every  Act  or  Acts,  thing  or  things,  whatsoever,  which  you,  or  any  five  or  more 

of fou,  shall,  in  your  Discretion,  think  pertinent  and  convenient  for  and  towards  the  Perpetration, 

Fottherance;  or  finishing  of  the  said  Plantation,  willing  and  commanding  you,  and  every  of  you,  to 

gfve  diligent  Attendance;  and  to  use  your  best  endeavour  in  the  execution  of  the  Premisses,  af 

feoants,  they  must  soon  t)e  ovemin  again  by  the  native  pressed  upon  the  commissioners  the  necessity  of  ureencv 
Irish,  to  whom  they  originally  i>elongra.  Anxiety  on  the  and  haste,  that  the  second  survey  turned  out  to  be  sdxnosC 
part  of  the  planters  to  avert  these  contingent  trouUcs  so      as  defective  as  the  first. 


124 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


becometh  ;  and  what  you,  or  any  five  or  more  of  you,  shall  do  herein,  the  same  to  certify  us  in  our 
High  Court  of  Chancery  in  our  said  Realm  of  Ireland,  before  Hallowmas  next  ensuing  the  date 
hereof.     21  July,  1609. 

Articles  for  Instruction  to  Commissioners  for  the  Plantation  of  Ulster  (2). 

1.  That  a  general  care  be  taken  that  such  Orders,  Conditions,  and  Articles,  as  have  been 
lately  published  in  Print,  or  are  to  be  printed  or  transmitted,  touching  the  Plantation,  be  observed, 
and  put  in  execution,  as  well  by  the  Commissioners,  as  by  the  Undertakers. 

2.  That  the  said  Commissioners  be  ready  to  begin  their  Journey  into  our  Province  of  Ulster, 
for  the  execution  of  their  commission  before  the  end  of  July  next,  or  sooner  if  it  may  be  (3). 

3.  The  Omissions  and  Defects  of  the  former  Survey  of  the  escheated  Lands  in  Ulster,  either 
for  us  or  the  Church,  are  to  be  supplied  and  amended  by  new  Inquisitions,  and  the  ecclesiastical 
lands  to  be  distinguished  from  the  Lands  belonging  to  the  Crown  (4). 

4.  The  Countys  being  divided  into  several  Proportions,  every  Proportion  is  to  be  divided  out 
by  the  known  Metts  [mears]  and  Names,  with  the  particular  mention  both  of  the  Number  and 
Name  of  every  Ballyboe,  Tath,  Polle,  Quarter,  or  the  like  Irish  Precinct  of  Land,  that  is  contained 
in  every  Portion,  and  to  give  each  Portion  a  proper  Name,  to  be  known  by,  and  in  the  Proportions 
lying  near  to  the  Highways,  choice  is  to  be  made  for  the  most  fit  seat  for  Undertakers  to  build 


(2).  Of  Ulster, — This  set  of  instructions  was  prepared 
towards  the  end  of  June,  but  there  had  been  an  earlier 
set  drawn  up  about  the  middle  of  the  preceding  March. 
The  latter  contained  22  articles  and  has  been  preserved 
in  vol.  226  of  the  Irish  State  Papers.  The  set  really 
sent  with  and  appended  to  the  above  commission  aims  at 
being  a  simpler  form  of  the  '  Instructions,*  containuig 
three  articles  less  than  its  precursor,  and  squaring  itself 
to  a  somewhat  later  phase  of  the  movement. 

(3).  If  it  may  be. — By  the  earlier  set  of  Instructions, 
the  commissioners  were  required  to  commence  their  jour- 
ney to  the  North  **/«»  days  after  Trinity  Term" 
Trinity  term  ended  about  the  13th  of  June,  so  that  the 
time  required  by  this  second  set  of  Instructions  was  about 
a  montn  later.  This  gave  the  commissioners  a  little 
longer  for  preparations,  and  brought  round  that  particular 
period  of  the  summer  most  favourable  to  commence  a 
somewhat  prolonged  sojourn  in  the  North.  The  weather 
was  then  expected  to  assume  a  settled  aspect,  and  the 
roads  to  present  fewer  impediments  to  travel.  As  it 
happened,  however,  the  commissioners  were  not  favoured 
with  much  genial  weather.  They  started  from  Dublin 
on  the  2 1st,  but  halted  at  Dundalk  until  the  necessary 
force  could  be  assembled,  and  reviewed  there  in  presence 
of  the  deputy.  Indeed,  the  commissioners  took  credit  for 
being  prepared  to  start  so  promptly  as  they  did,  consi- 
dering  the  delay  that  had  arisen  in  receiving  the  necessary 
orders  from  London.  Referring  to  this  delay,  Chichester, 
writing  on  the  i8th,  says  : — *'Some  of  his  former  letters 
had  worse  speed  than  other  men's  written  about  the 
same  time  ;  (or  intending  that  his  should  go  by  the  post 
bark,  they  are  returned,  and  before  that  he  could  again 
dispatch  them,  the  King's  letters  and  instructions,  for  a 
more  exact  survey  of  the  escheated  lands  and  other  pre- 


parations  towards  the  intended  plantation  of  Ulster  bsfe 
arrived ;  all  which  he  received  on  the  i6th  insL  [JalyX 
Had  they  stayed  [been  delayed]  but  one  week  Imifei; 
the  judges  would  have  been  in  circuit,  and  the  Covncfl 
dispersed,  so  that  nothing  could  have  been  done  thcrni 
this  summer.     But  now  ne  [Chichester]  has  so  ordovd 
and  disposed  the  business,  that  God  willii^  (if  mamj 
fail  not)  they  will  be  at   Dundalk  on  the  hurt  of  Ibi 
instant,  and  the  next  day  about  Armagh,  with  wUcfc 
country  they  intend  to  begin,  and  so  proceed  as  the  tiae 
and  season  of  the  year  will  give  leave.**    The  deoi^ 
was  not  disappointed  in  this  expectation.     The  mk 
party,  afler  much  preliminary  arrangement,  moved  iiOftk> 
ward  from  DundaUc  on  the  31st  of  July. 

(4).   The  Crown.—The  third  article  of  the^/CrsT  set  of 
Instructions  makes  no  charge  as  above  of  'ondaaoound 
defects'  in  the  preceding  survey,  but  simply  lemuici  tk 
commissioners    "to  divide  and  sever  the  ecclcwMtiril 
lands  from  the  temporal,   and  withal  set  and  liait  lif 
metes  and  bounds  so  many  proportions  thereof  in  eioy 
county,   of  1,000  acres,    1,503  acres,   and  2,000  aotf 
apiece,  as  are  contained  in  the  project  of  plantitki^ 
The  instructions,  however,   of  the  third  article  ul  tk 
second  set  are  much  more  exacting  and  important,  becMK 
requiring   *'new    Inqubitions."      In    their  returns  tk 
commissioners'  reply  to  this  article  of  instmctioa  is  tf 
follows: — "Inquisitions  are  taken  whereby  thej[cro«i 
and  church  lands]  are  distinguished,   and  omisaooi  oC 
church  lands  supplied ;  the  rest,  except  some  few  puods 
found  to  be  crown  lands  in  general  terms,  which,  m  dtt 
maps  are  set  forth  by  particular  names  of  biilUbocit 
quarters,  tathes,  polles,  ac,  and  are  now  dimwn  into  t 
book  of  survey,   wherein  omissions  of  crown  lands  ait 
supplied." 


DOUBTS    AND    DELAYS. 


125 


upoiiy  in  such  sort  as  may  best  serve  for  the  safety  and  succour  of  Passengers  (5) ;  and  also  to 
allot  and  set  out  by  bounds  and  meares  unto  every  proportion  so  much  Bog  and  Wood  over  and 
above  his  number  of  Acres,  as  the  Place  where  the  Proportion  shall  lie  may  conveniently  afford, 
having  respect  to  the  adjacent  Proportions  (6). 

5.  Because  the  Article  of  casting  Lotts  discourageth  many  that  are  sufficient,  and  would  be 
glad  to  dwell  together,  that  therefore  every  County  be  divided  into  greater  Precincts,  every  Precinct 
containing  eight,  ten,  or  twelve  thousand  Acres,  according  to  the  greatness  of  the  County,  and 
those  Precincts  to  contain  several  Proportions  lying  together,  to  the  end  that  so  many  Consorts 
[Companies]  of  Undertakers  may  here  be  appointed  as  there  are  several  Precincts ;  which  being 
done,  then  these  Consorts  may  cast  Lotts  for  the  Precincts,  and  afterwards  divide  every  Precinct 
amongst  the  particular  Undertakers  of  that  Consort,  either  by  agreement  or  by  Lott ;  and  this  form 
not  to  be  concluded  but  upon  Consideration  taken  thereof  by  the  Commissioners  there,  who  having 
reported  back  their  opinions,  some  such  course  may  be  resolved,  as  to  us  shall  be  thought  most 
convenient  (7). 


(5).  Passengers, — This  arrangement  of  selecting  sites 
left  entirely  in  the  hands  of  the  deputy,  who  occa- 
sioiiallyy  but  not  often,  required  to  interfere.  We  give 
the  following  as  an  illustration  of  such  interference,  when 
the  interests  of  the  particular  district  were  supposed  to 
render  it  necessary  : — **The  Lord  Deputy  to  Mr.  John 
Taylor  and  his  substitute  in  the  county  of  Cavan — I  re- 
(jnire  you  to  erect  your  principal  habitation  for  the  pre- 
sent,  whether  castle  or  stone  house,  as  you  are  specially 
bound,  on  no  other  place  but  at  Ballyhaies  (parcel  of  the 
bud  assigned  to  you  as  an  undertaker  within  the  county 
of  Cavan),  which  we  understand  to  be  a  place  of  prin- 
cipal advantage  for  strength  and  defence  of  yourself  and 
o&er  undertakers  upon  all  your  proportion.  For  the 
mote  special  site,  we  will  you  to  be  further  advised  by 
Captain  Hugh  Culme,  constable  of  the  King's  castle 
of  Clotighouter,  and  high  sheriff  of  that  county.  5th 
October,  161 1."  In  the  fourth  article  of  iht  first  set  of 
Instmctions,  the  commissioners  were  directed  to  "inquire 
liow  many  English  acres  every  balliboe,  quarter,  tath, 
pen,  or  the  like  Irish  precinct  doth  contain,  and  thereupon 
yoQ  shall  set  forth  the  several  proportions,  by  making  an 
estimate  of  the  number  of  acres  ;  yet  in  making  the  said 
proportions  you  shall  have  a  care  not  to  break  the  said 
Iruio  precincts  of  land,  except  in  case  of  necessity,  where 
(he  said  precincts  being  laid  together  will  not  make  up 
tbe  proportions  in  any  reasonable  equality. "  It  is  remark- 
able that  in  the  second  set  of  articles  the  commissioners 
were  not  bound  to  any  such  particularity,  and  make  no 
reference  to  their  having  taken  any  trouble  in  the  matter. 
From  this  source,  no  doubt,  arose  many  inaccuracies  of 
admeasurement. 

(6).  Proportions. — In  their  return,  the  commissioners 
answer  this  4th  article  as  follows: — *' Proportions  dis- 
tinguished and  bounded  already  in  the  maps,  and  now 
extracted  and  set  down  in  the  said  book,  with  the  names 
and  boundaries.  The  bog  and  wood  may  be  allotted  by 
the  Tiew  of  special  commissioners,  when  the  undertakers 
shall  sit  down  upon  their  proportions,  if  it  shall  be 
thov^t  needful,  because  every  townland  hath  sufficient 


bog  for  turbary."  The  assignment  of  wood  and  bog  in 
each  case  was  a  more  difficult  task  than  the  commissioners 
would  have  us  suppose,  for  in  some  districts  there  was 
but  little  bog,  and  in  others  no  wood.  Indeed  this  one 
task  would  have  required  more  time  than  they  could 
command,  and  they  thus  wisely  left  it  for  ''special 
commissioners." 

(7).  Most  convenient, — See  pp.  80,  92.  The  'consorts* 
above  referred  to  were  simply  companies  coming  to  Ulster 
sometimes  from  the  same  districts  in  the  mother  countries ; 
but,  at  all  events,  being  made  up,  some  consorts  exclusively 
of  English,  and  others  exclusively  of  Scotch,  the  members 
were  naturally  anxious  to  be  placed  at  least  in  the  same 
baronies.  The  consorts  came  each  under  the  guidance  or 
superintendence  of  some  influential  person,  and  to  meet 
their  wishes  the  distribution  by  lot  was  only  introduced 
in  the  very  modified  style  above  described.  The  consorts, 
in  a  word,  cast  lots  for  baronies ;  and  the  members  of 
each  consort  might  then,  if  it  so  pleased  themselves,  cast 
lots  for  the  proportions  contained  in  their  own  special 
baronies  or  precincts.  Thus,  in  the  county  of  Armagh, 
the  barony  of  Oneilan  fell  by  lot  to  the  English,  and  that 
of  the  Fewes,  (or  so  much  of  it  as  was  available)  to  the 
Scotch  ;  whilst  Orior  became  the  portion  of  servitors  and 
natives.  In  the  county  of  Tyrone,  the  two  baronies  of 
Omagh  and  Clogher  fell  to  consorts  of  English ;  the  two 
baronies  of  Mountjoy  and  Strabane  to  consorts  of  Scotch, 
whilst  the  barony  of  Dungannon  fell  to  servitors  and 
natives.  In  the  county  of  Donegal,  the  barony  or  precinct 
of  the  Liffer  or  Lifford  fell  to  the  English,  Portlough  and 
Boylagh  to  the  Scotch,  and  those  of  Doe  and  Fawnett  to 
the  servitors  and  natives.  In  the  county  of  Fermanagh, 
the  precincts  or  baronies  of  Clankally  and  Coolemackeman 
fell  to  the  English  ;  Knockninny  and  Magheraboy  to  the 
Scotch ;  and  the  whole  barony  of  Clanawley,  with  the 
two  half  baronies  of  Coole  and  Tircannada  to  the  servitors 
and  natives.  In  the  county  of  Cavan,  the  barony  of 
Loughtee  fell  to  the  English,  Clanchie  and  TuUoghconcho 
to  the  Scotch,  and  Castlerahin,  Tulloghgarvie,  Clan- 
mahon,  and  Tullagha  to  servitors  and  natives.     In  their 


126 


THE  PLANTATION  IN  ULSTER. 


6.  To  cause  Plots  to  be  made  of  every  County,  and  in  the  said  Plot  [of  each  County]  to  prick 
out  the  several  Precincts,  and  in  the  Precincts  the  several  Proportions  by  their  Names  (8). 

7.  Such  great  Woods  as  the  Commissioners  shall  make  choice  of  to  be  preserved  to  our  use, 
are  to  be  excepted  out  of  the  Proportions,  and  to  be  reserved  for  the  Undertakers'  buildings^  and 
for  such  other  purposes  as  to  us  shall  be  thought  fit  (9). 

8.  That  in  the  Surveys  observation  be  made  what  Proportions  by  Name  are  fittest  to  be 
allotted  to  the  Brittains,  what  to  the  Servitors,  and  what  to  the  Natives ;  wherein  this  respect  is  to 
be  had,  that  the  Brittains  be  put  in  Places  of  best  safety,  the  Natives  to  be  dispersed,  and  the 
Ser\'itors  planted  in  those  Places  which  are  of  the  greatest  importance  to  serve  the  rest  (lo). 


return,  the  commissioners  make  answer  to  this  fifth  article, 
as  follows  : — **It  is  thought  fit  that  every  barony  in  the 
several  shires  shall  make  a  fpreat  precinct,  except  the 
Inronies  of  Dounganon,  and  Loughty  in  Cavan,  which 
may  make  two  precincts  apiece.  These  baronies  are 
exactly  described  in  several  maps,  the  bounds  and  names 
whereof  appear  also  in  several  records."  Thus  the  barony 
of  Dungannon  formed  the  two  precincts  of  Dungannon 
and  Mountjoy ;  but  I^ughtee  remained  as  one  division  of 
the  county  of  Cavan.  The  precinct  of  Mountjoy  was 
afterwards  included,  to  form  one  of  the  three  divisions  of 
Dungannon. 

(8).  By  their  Names,  — Plots  or  maps  were  made  accord- 
ingly; or  as  the  commissioners  afterwards  stated — "this 
article  is  performed  exactly. "  Only,  however,  the  barony 
maps  of  the  four  counties  of  Armagh,  Tyrone,  Fermanagh, 
ana  Cavan  have  yet  been  found.  The  barony  maps  of 
the  counties  of  Donegal  and  Coleraine,  it  is  hoped,  still 
exist  in  some  collection  not  yet  examined. 

(9).  Thought  fit, — At  the  commencement  of  the  seven- 
teenth century,  almost  every  county  in  Ulster  was  adorned 
xmd  enriched  with  magnificent  woods.  Chichester,  re- 
ferring to  such  as  were  most  known  throughout  the  es- 
cheated counties,  when  writing  to  Salisbury,  in  October, 
1608,  says  : — "In  the  county  of  Donegal  hie  is  sure  there 
are  none  [no  woods]  at  all ;  neither  is  there  any  in  the 
county  of  Colerayne ;  both  which  counties  lie  upon  the 
sea.  But  there  is  good  store  in  Glanconkejme  and  Kylletra 
[then  territories  in  Tyrone],  and  Braselowe  [Clanbrasill, 
in  Armagh],  which  counties  lie  upon  the  Lough  Eaugh 
[Neagh],  which  is  navigable  from  each  side  and  end  all 
over.  Although,  at  the  commencement  of  the  letter 
from  which  the  foregoing  is  an  extract,  Chichester  had 
affirmed  that  he  was  "well  acquainted  with  all  parts  of 
Ulster,"  he  had  evidently  overlooked  several  woods  in 
his  sojouniings  throughout  our  northern  province.  With 
these,  however,  he  must  have  made  acquaintance  in  the 
autumn  of  1609,  as  the  commissioners,  of  whom  he  was 
chief,  reported  other  woods  in  addition  to  those  men- 
tioned  by  him  above.  In  their  return,  they  state,  in 
answer  to  this  article  of  instruction,  that  *'  the  greatest 
woods  which  they  thought  fittest  to  be  reserved  for 
the  King's  use,  were  the  woods  of  Clanbrazill  and 
Clancann  in  Ardmagh;  the  woods  of  Glanconkeyne, 
Killetragh  and  Brentery,  in  Tirone  ;  [the  wood]  of  Cilma* 
crenan,  in  Donagall ;  the  woods  of  Knockninny  and 
Lnrgh^  in  Fermanagh  ;  and  the  woods  of  Tulloghonco 
and  Tullagha,  in  Cavan.     Nevertheless,  for  the  increase 


of  the  King*s  rents,  and  the  enlarging  of  the  plaaUtioB, 
the  lands  whereon  the  said  woods  grow  are  cast  into  pro- 
portions according  to  the  survey,  and  the  places  mcvt 
timber  groweth  are  marked  and  expressed  in  the  maps ; 
and  reservation  is  to  be  made  in  the  undertakers'  gnuit% 
of  the  timber  trees  to  be  bestowed  at  the  l^i^s  pkunCi 
and  the  common  use  of  the  plantation."  'Hie  oommis- 
sioners  were  thus  of  opinion  that  these  several  woods 
must  soon  disappear  before  the  coming  settleis;  and  tlicf, 
therefore,  regarded  the  lands,  though  their  coveied  villi 
trees,  as  so  manv  proportions  soon  to  be  availmfale  fm 
plantation.  And  such  was  indeed  the  fact*  for  all  Che 
woods  of  Ulster  soon  shared  the  fate  of  GlaneonkeyM^ 
the  noblest  and  most  extensive  of  all.  In  the  earlier  Ml 
of  articles  already  described,  the  following  was  tlM  Mtt 
in  order : — "  You  shall  appoint  some  discieet  «id  skilM 
persons  to  assign  convenient  Timber  to  every  andeitakar 
for  his  building,  out  of  our  great  woods  growing  apea 
the  lands  escheated."  Tliis  order  was  not  reproducsd 
in  the  second  set  of  instructions,  nor  did  the  point  -"^  * 
specified  receive  any  attention  until  too  late  to  | 
a  necessary  amount  of  wood.  The  conunissioneia  1 
comforted  certain  servitors,  who  got  no  portions  of  land  at 
the  regular  distribution,  by  thefact  that  they  misfit  soon  teie 
as  much  as  they  wanted  because  of  the  rapid  deuinf  of 
the  woods  in  Glenconkeyne.  Not  twelve  months  iJlei 
>%'ards,  an  order  came  from  the  council  in  London  for  dK 
prohibition  of  waste  in  felling  the  laige  timber,  whkk 
was  thenceforth  to  be  applied  only  for  bailding 
and  ships. 

(10).  To  serve  the  rest, — It  was  not  difficult  to 
this  matter  so  far  as  British  undertakers  and 
were  concerned ;  but  it  required  all  the 
ingenuity,  even  under  the  guidance  of  the  astote  depniy 
himself,  to  locate  such  natives  as  got  small  portions — nat 
in  the  places  most  encouraging  and  advantageonSB 
where  they  would  be  least  dangerous  and  most 
watched.  There  was  naturally  iStt  overshadowing 
that,  as  the  natives  had  been  so  plundered  of  their ! 
they  would  be  certain,  unless  scattered  about,  to 
common  cause,  to  form  conspiracies,  and  eren, 
opportunity  offered,  take  a  bloody  vengc  ~ 

article  of  instruction  had  reference  espeeiaHy  to 
natives  as  were  to  receive  little  freeholds,  and  as  tlie< 
missioners  generally  knew  but  little  of  the 
involved,  they  willingly  gave  over  the  manafeuMnt  ^ 
details  to  Chichester.  In  their  retom,  thcj  answer  tkis 
article  in  the  following  very  general  terns  ; — **T1ie  Lord 


if  an 


DOUBTS    AND    DELAYS. 


127 


9.  The  Commissioners  are  to  limit  and  bound  out  the  Precincts  of  the  several  Parishes, 
according  to  their  discretions,  notwithstanding  the  Limitation  of  the  Precinct ;  wherein  they  may 
observe  the  ancient  limits  of  the  old  Parishes,  so  as  the  same  breed  not* a  greater  Inconvenience 
10  the  Plantation,  and  to  assign  to  the  Incumbent  of  each  Parish  a  glebe  after  the  rate  of  three 
score  Acres  for  every  thousand  Acres  within  the  Parishes,  in  the  most  convenient  Places,  or 
nearest  to  the  Churches  (n);  and  for  the  more  certainty  to  give  each  Glebe  a  certain  Name, 


Deputy  hath  in  general  advised  what  is  fit  to  be  done 
Imiching  this  article,  which  may  be  allowed  or  altered  by 
Ibftir  Lordships  [the  council  in  London],  upon  view  of 
llie  maps."    Indeed,  it  may  be  truly  said,  that  all  the 
aifBngements  specially  affecting  the  natives  in  the  planta- 
Uoo  originated  with  Chichester,  or,  when  not  exactly  so, 
these  arrangements  alwajrs  took  the  shape  recommended 
hv  him.     The  dispersion  of  the  native  freeholders  was  a 
tmt  ^ua  mm,  but  it  was  a  difficult  business,  because  they 
could  not  be  dispersed  among  British  settlers,  nor  over 
Mj  lands  likely  to  be  coveted  by  the  latter.     They  were, 
eventually  located  in  small  companies  through- 
certain  baronies,  and  on  lands  where  there  was  at 
t  mmple  room  for  improvement     This  policy  was 
ipedally  Chichester's.     In  a  document  forwaraed  by  him 
to  Ibe  council  in  London,  and  headed  Certain  Connd^a- 
Imtu  Touching  the  Planiatum  of  the  Escheated  Lands  in 
Vltia\  the  deputy  discourses  as  follows : — '*  Upon  the 
pbntatton  of  Munster,   it  was  thought  good   policy  to 
wnata  and  divide  the  Irish  among  the  Englisn  under- 
tdoui,  hoping  that  by  observation  of  civility  and  good 
Vnibandry  among  their  neighbours,  they  would  learn  to 
InhioQ  and  conform  themselves  to  the  like  qualities  and 
OBBditions  with  them.     But  experience  disproved   that 
Qpaion,  lor  they  were  no  sooner  set  down  amongst  them 
t&ai  instead  of  imitating,   they  scorned  their  courses, 
avried  their  fortunes,  and  longed  to  be  masters  of  what 
tiiy  [the  English  intruders]  possessed  ;  and  as  soon  as 
ttHBoiy  of  their  former  rebellion  and  miseries  was  a  little 
^■{ottea,  and  their  estates  [means  of  living]  amended, 
*l>^grew  to  contriving  forged  titles  to  the  lands  whereon 
^  uiglish  had  built  and  enclosed  [but  which  had  pre- 
^'■Wttly  belonged  to  these  very  Irish  of  Munster],  making 
^*%  stealths  of  their  goods  and  plots  against  their  lives, 
wwvw,  the  daily  conversation  and  dwelling  of  the 
^^  u&ongst  the  English,  gave  free  recourse  to  all  their 
''^  followers  and  rogues  to  make  espial  and  free  passage 
"^OQEst  them,  out  of  which  late  example  he  is  bold  to 
^1  that,  as  it  is  a  matter  of  great  consequence  and 
"^c&itf  to  make  meet  provision  for  the  natives,  so  is  it 
^dimcidt  and  dangerous  to  remove  and  transplant 
^  a  number  of  barbarous  and  warlike  people  into  any 
P^  of  the  kingdom ;  besides  that  the  other  provinces 
^  loo  well  acquainted  with  their  lives  and  conditions, 
^vill  be  as  unapt  to  receive  them.  Therefore,  the  remedy 
k  concaves  will  be  to  appoint  them  some  one  pait  of 
ik  {tbioest  [literally,  most  exposed]  land  of  their  own 
CMttiy  [Ulster] ;  or  to  intermix  their  townreeds  with 
OSB  IB  plain  countries  [localities]  where  they  may  be 
Mwaued  with  seas,  strongholds,  and  powerful  men  to 
•vefStay  them ;  and  to  proportion  those  lands  indifferently 
anto  them  upon  meet  rents  and  conditions  to  keep  them 
m  subjection,  and  that  with  «ich  equality  in  the  partition, 


that  the  contentment  of  the  greater  number  may  over- 
weigh  the  displeasure  and  dissatisfaction  of  the  smaller 
nimiber  of  better  blood  [or  higher  rank]".  Such  was 
the  policy  not  only  in  reference  to  those  Irish  who  got 
small  freeholds,  but  also  in  reference,  as  we  here  see«  to 
that  overwhelmingly  larger  class  who  had  no  such  pro- 
vision, but  were  to  be  managed  simply  as  serfs  on  tneir 
own  soil.  In  \}\q  first  set  of  instructions,  the  following  is 
the  15th  article  : — **  You  shall  make  choice  of  the  best 
and  best-affected  natives  to  be  freeholders  in  every  county^ 
and  shall  allot  unto  them  greater  or  lesser  proportions 
[portions]  according  to  their  several  qualities  and  deserts." 
(11).  To  the  Churches, — In  the  earlier  set  of  instruc* 
tions,  this  article  ^kes  the  following  form  : — "  You  shall 
consider  whether  one  or  more  proportions  be  fit  to  make 
a  parish,  and  according  to  your  discretions,  limit  and 
bound  out  the  several  parishes,  as  far  forth  as  it  may 
stand  with  the  plantation  ;  which  being  done  you  shall 
assign  unto  every  incumbent  ito  acres  of  glebe  for  every 
1,000  acres  within  his  parish."  To  this  9th  article  the 
commissioners  afterwards  gave  in  their  reply  or  answei^ 
as  follows: — "It  was  thought  fitt  not  to  allow  the  old 
parishes,  the  names  and  bounds  whereof  appear  of  record 
in  the  inquisitions  taken  last  summer.  For  the  glebe^ 
there  are  so  many  acres  added  to  every  proportion,  as  the 
project  prescribed,  but  because  the  termon  lands  lying 
nearest  the  churches  were  thought  fittest  to  be  assigned 
to  glebes,  which  could  not  be  done  without  the  consent 
of  the  bishops,  the  glebes  are  not  yet  distinguished  by 
names  and  bounds ;  but  if  the  Bishops  consent  it  may  b^ 
done  forthwith."  The  bishops — or,  perhaps  we  should 
only  say,  the  Bishop  of  Deny — had  not  consented  to  this 
arrangement  of  the  commissioners,  for  in  the  county  of 
Coleraine,  which  contained  more  termon  lands  than  any 
of  the  others,  the  glebes  were  laid  out'  with  little  respect 
to  the  convenience  of  the  incumbents.  In  Sampson's 
Memoir  of  the  Chart  of  Londonderry^  p.  250,  the  author 
refers  to  this  matter  as  follows  : — '*  In  some  instance^ 
the  glebe  assigned  for  a  certain  parish  is  laid  of  at  the 
distance  of  many  miles  from  any  part  of  its  precincts ;; 
and  in  other  cases  we  find  two  or  three  glebes  in  a  parish, 
not  one  of  which  belongs  to  itself.  Yet  the  civil  com- 
missioners had  the  power  and  disposal  over  these  assign- 
ments, and  might,  at  that  time  [1609],  easily  have 
adjusted  these  properties  so  as  to  accord  with  their 
intended  uses."  But  this  power*  it  now  appears,  the 
commissioners  had  not ;  so  that  the  chief  blame  must  be  laid 
on  the  shoulders  of  Bishop  Montgomery.  The  parishes 
however,  remained  pretty  much  as  they  had  been  as  to 
bounds  and  limits,  being  to  this  day  very  much  larger 
than  the  firamers  of  these  '  Instmctions'  at  all  contem- 
plated, even  making  allowance  for  the  most  libeod 
admeasurements,  or  the  addition  ts  ^each  pzoportion  of 


128 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


whereby  it  may  be  known ;  and  to  take  Order  that  there  be  a  proviso  in  the  Letters  Patent  for 
passing  the  Glebes  to  restrain  the  Alienations  thereof,  saving  during  Incumbencies  (12). 

10.  It  is  fit  that  certain  Portions  be  allotted  and  laid  out  for  the  Towns  in  the  Places 
mentioned  in  the  Project,  or  in  more  convenient  Places,  as  shall  seem  best  to  the  Commissionen, 
having  regard  that  the  Land  be  laid  as  near  to  the  Tovtis  as  may  be  (13). 

11.  The  Parcels  of  Land  which  shall  be  allotted  to  the  College  in  Dublin,  and  to  the  Free 
Schools  in  the  several  Countys  are  to  be  set  out  and  distinguished  by  Meares  and  Bounds,  to 
the  end  the  same  may  be  accordingly  passed  by  several  grants  from  us.  The  Commissioners  are 
likewise  to  set  out  the  Quantity  of  three  great  Proportions  lying  together  in  the  County  of  Armagh 
to  be  allotted  to  the  said  College  of  Dublin,  and  six  thousand  Acres  to  be  taken  out  of  the  Lands 
omitted  in  the  last  Survey  (if  so  much  shall  be  found),  these  to  be  only  of  our  Land,  and  not  of 
the  Church  Land  (14). 


its  large  sweep  of  'unprofitable  land.'  Thus,  the  present 
average  size  of  parishes  in  the  county  of  Londonderry  is 
10,270  acres  each  ;  in  Donegal,  '16,179  acres  each;  in 
Fermanagh,  13,220  acres  each  ;  in  Cavan,  10,033  acres 
each  ;  and  in  Armagh,  9,072  acres  each.  See  Beaufort's 
Aftmair. 

(12).  During'  Incumbfttcus. — This  concluding  excep- 
tion or  saving  clause  is  not  made  in  the  first  set  of 
instructions,  which,  in  this  particular,  was  no  doubt  con- 
sidered  by  the  framers — (who  had  become  more  enlight- 
ened as  to  the  circumstances)  -too  rigid  or  severe.  This 
habit  of  alienation  had  become  very  general  among 
clerics  during  the  closing  years  of  Elizabeth's  reign. 
James — pious  prince  that  he  was — set  his  face  sternly 
against  the  practice.  In  a  letter  to  Chichester,  written 
in  March,  1609,  his  Majesty,  it  is  stated,  "reprobates 
most  severely  a  custom,  which  he  has  learned  with  great 
surprise  to  prevail  among  the  clergy  of  that  kingdom 
[Ireland],  of  alienating  at  pleasure  the  temporalities  of 
their  benefices.  In  order  to  provide  a  temporary  remedy 
for  this  grievous  abuse,  until  a  Parliament  shall  be  holden 
in  Ireland  he  directs  them  [the  deputy  and  chancellor] 
to  call  together  the  principal  clergy,  and  to  point  out  the 
impiety  of  such  a  course,  and  his  grievous  reprobation 
thereof ;  and  to  notify  that,  if  any  one  hereafter  should 
be  guilty  of  such  impiety,  and  contempt  of  his  authority, 
such  person  shall  be  marked  as  unworthy  of  preferment  in 
the  church,  and  punished  by  any  civil  punishment  which 
the  law  or  authority  may  inflict  on  so  notorious  a  con- 
tempt." The  deputy,  when  writing  to  the  council  in 
London,  on  the  13th  of  the  following  July,  informs  them 
that  he  has  "by  letters  acquainted  the  Bishops  and 
prelates  with  his  Sf  ajesty's  princely  direction,  concerning 
the  lamentable  impoverishment  of  the  church,  by  aliena- 
tions of  the  temporalities  thereof."  Indeed,  the  Irish 
State  Papers  contain  many  references  to  this  matter,  and 
expressed  in  terms  by  no  means  complimentary  to  the 
clergy. 

(13).  As  may  be, — To  this  article,  the  commissioners 
replied — "Done  in  the  maps  and  set  forth  in  the  new 
book  of  survey. "  They  did  not  follow  the  recommenda- 
tions in  the  'Project,'  at  least  to  the  full  extent,  either  in 
the  number  of  corporate  towns  for  each  county  or  in  the 


selection  of  sites.  This  loth  article  is  more  MXy  ex- 
pressed in  the  8th  of  the  first  set  of  Instnictioiu,  n 
follows  : — "You  shall  take  care  that  the  lands  aUcCted  to 
the  corporate  towns  be  laid  as  near  to  the  said  towns  at 
conveniently  they  may,  and  planted  as  the  lands  of  other 
undertakers  ;  and  you  shall  forthwith  limit  the  circuits  ctf 
the  said  towns,  and  cause  the  same  to  be  incorpomted  faj 
our  several  charters,  and  to  be  endowed  with  reasoiialile 
liberties,  and  you  shall  use  your  best  endeavours  to  inhabit 
the  said  towns  with  tradesmen  and  artificers."  Oppoiile 
this  article  in  the  margin,  there  is  written — probabqf  faj 
Chichester — "The  Lords  [the  council  in  London]  to  be 
moved  touching  the  site  of  the  Derry  and  Sir  Geoife 
Pawlett's  [rather  his  heirs']  lands  adjoining."  ThcK 
lands  were  the  abbot's  portion,  and  came  to  the  Crovi 
by  the  Act  of  Dissolution  ;  they  were  passed  to  Sir  James 
Fullerton  in  fee-farm,  and  afterwards  by  mesne  oonvcj- 
ances  assigned  to  Sir  George  Pawlett  They  were  fooad  to 
be  indispensable  to  the  corporate  dignity  of  Deny,  and 
were  finally  obtained  from  Sir  George's  family  to  be  part 
of  the  liberties  of  that  city. 

(14).   Of  t/u  Church  Land, -^The  King  could  tbns  be 
quite    munificent  in    his  gifts  at  the    expense   of  bb 
hapless  Irish  subjects.     The  commissionen  aftcmaids 
made  answer  to  this  article,  as  follows  : — "  Lands  allottei 
to  Free  Schools  are  in  the  maps  added  to  the  lands  had 
out  for  corporate  towns,  being  places  where  tbe  Firee 
Schools  are  to  be  erected.     Touching  the  lands  aOoltei 
to  the  College  of  Dublin,  three  great  proportions  in  tbe 
county  of  Armagh  are  set  forth  to  that  use,  over  and 
above  1,200  acres  appointed  for  the  College  in  tbe  finl 
project,  and  300  acres  more  which  could  not  otbcsrvae 
be  divided  in  that  county,  and  yet  doth  serve  for  pot  of 
the   1,200  acres  in  Fermanagh   appointed  hw  tne  6ni 
project  for  the  said  College."    The  college,  abo^  as  «c 
shall  see,  got  an  extensive  grant  in  Donegal,  tben  called 
4,000  acres,  but  in  reality  very  much  more.     In  tbe  finA 
set  of  Instructions,  the  9th  requires  the  commissiotten  **lo 
set  out  and  distinguish  by  meares  and   bounds   socb 
parcels  of  land  as  are  allotted  to  the  College  of  Dublia 
and  the  [Irish]  freeholders  in  the  several  counties.''    It 
was  feared  there  might  be  difficulty  in  clearing  tbe  Irish  off 
their  own  lands  for  college  purposes. 


DOUBTS    AND    DELAYS. 


1^9 


12.  That  there  be  set  out  and  reserved  12,000  Acres,  either  out  of  the  Proportions,  or 
otherwise  out  of  the  Lands  omitted  in  the  Survey,  in  such  Counties  and  Places  as  to  our  Deputy 
and  Commissioners  shall  be  thought  meet,  the  same  to  be  disposed  by  us  for  the  endowment  of 

'   an  Hospital  to  be  erected  for  maimed  and  diseased  Soldiers,  in  such  Place  and  Manner  as  we 
shall  hereafter  appoint  (15). 

13.  The  Commissioners  shall,  by  the  authority  given  them,  hear  and  determine  all  Titles  and 
Controversies  by  final  Order  and  Decree,  that  shall  be  brought  before  them,  concerning  any  lands 
and  possessions  (the  Church  Lands  only  excepted),  which,  nevertheless,  they  shall  have  Power  to 
order  and  decree  (as  aforesaid),  so   it  be  done  with   the  Consent  of  the   Lord   Deputy,  the 

Archbishop  of  Dublin,  and  the  now  Bishop  of  Deny*     They  shall  also  compound  for  Titles 

between  us  and  our  Subjects,  and  between  Party  and  Party  (16). 

14.  And  whereas  complaint  is  made  that  the  scites  of  some  Cathedral  Churches,  the  Places 

of  the  Residence  of  the  Bishops,  Deans,  Chapters,  Dignitaries,  and  Prebends  in  Ulster  be  passed 

away  to  divers  in  Fee-Farm  by  Letters  Patent,  under  the  Pretence  of  Monastery  Lands,  to  the 

great  Detriment  of  those  Churches,  the  Commissioners  shall  have  authority  to  examine  the  same; 

and  finding  the  Information  true,  to  consider  of  some  course  to  be  taken  for  Restitution  to  be 

niade  to  the  Churches  from  whence  they  were  formerly  taken,  with  such  consideration  to  those 

tliat  now  hold  them,  as  standeth  with  equity,  according  to  the  Circumstances  considerable.     And 

fiirther,  we  are  pleased,  that  the  escheated  LandSj  out  of  which  the  Bishops  have  had  heretofore 

'Wits,  certainty  of  Refections,  or  Pensions,  should  be  esteemed  ecclesiastical,  and  be  annexed  to 

the  several  Sees  whereunto  they  did  pay  the   same,  whereof  the  Commissioners  are  to  take 

partcular  notice,  and  to  see  the  same  effected  accordingly  (17). 


.(JSV  Hereafter  appoint, — In  the  first  set  of  Instruc- 
****s  there  is   no  reference  whatever  to  this  design  of 
^'^cting  an  hospital,    nor  have   we  met,  except  in  the 
»bovc  article,  any  aUusion  to  the  subject     It  is  probable 
^  piatter  was  allowed  to  fall  through,  amidst  the  multi- 
plicity of  other  projects,  and  mainly,  perhaps,  because  no 
l>*ds  were  to  be  had  for  certain  servitors  who  were  left, 
00  the  great  day  of  distribution,  without  proportions  even 
of  the  small   size.       At   all  events  the  commissioners 
declined  then  to  entertain  the  project  of  an  hospital  at 
•11»  by  first  demurring  on  account  of  the  large  extent  of 
^  lands  set  apart  for  this  object,  and,  at  the  same  time, 
^'^y  suggesting  that,  as  a  whole  barony  might  eventu- 
^J  be  thus  appropriated,  they  did  not  feel  themselves  at 
Kberty  to  do  anything  in  the  matter.     Their  apology  was 
"because  12,000  acres  amount  to  a  ^jeat  precinct,  the 
Ktpg  may  be  pleased  to  assign  an  entire  barony  for  the 
niintenance  of  an  hospital,  but  in  regard  there  is  yet  no 
hnsit  erected  to  that  use,  they  have  forebome  to  assign 
<Df  certain  quantity  of  land  for  the  same." 

(16).  Party  and  Party. — In  the  first  set  of  Instructions, 

tbe  13th  article  required  the  commissioners  "to  examine 

the  titles  of  such  as  claim  any  estates  under  any  of  the 

persons  attainted,   and  thereupon  allot  unto  them  such 

portions  as  you  in  conscience  and  discretion  shall  think 

meet,  and  withal  provide  that  they  make  such  plantation 

and  pay  such  rents  as  other  undextakers  rateably.*'    This 


article  refers  exclusively  to  the  claims  that  were  bein£ 
made  by  natives  ;  but  this  13th  article  in  the  second  stX. 
of  Instructions,  as  expressed  in  the  text,  evidently  had  in 
view  certain  bitter  controversies  that  even  then  had 
appeared  among  the  English  in  Ulster  themselves  !  TTie 
answer  of  the  commissioners  affirms  that  "there  hath 
been  no  order  or  decree  made  for  the  deciding  of  any 
titles,  but  every  man's  title  is  reported  in  the  book  of 
cases,  neither  did  there  arise  any  occasion  of  compound^ 
ing  for  any."  Perhaps  the  only  unpleasant  controversy 
the  commissioners  had  to  deal  with  during  their  sojourn 
was  a  rather  fierce  one  which  raged  between  the  Bishop 
of  Derry  and  Sir  Thomas  Phillips,  as  we  shall  see,  about 
the  island  of  the  Derry. 

(17).  Accordingly. — The  commissioners  reported,  in 
reference  to  this  article  of  instruction,  as  follows : — **The 
site  of  the  cathedral  church  of  Deny  (whereof  complaint 
was  chiefly  made),  was  never  passed  in  any  book,  the  pos- 
session of  which  is  now  restored  to  the  bishop,  together 
with  all  his  demesne  and  mensal  lands,  and  all  the  rents 
and  duties  issuing  out  of  the  herenagh  lands.  The  like 
is  to  be  done  to  other  bishops,  but  the  possession  of  the 
herenagh  lands  was  forborne  to  be  delivered  till  the 
King's  pleasure  was  further  known  in  regard  of  the  plan- 
tation. Among  the  State  Papers  is  a  curious  and  valu- 
able document,  headed  Particular  Questions  concerning 
the  Plantation,  and  containing  also  the  Anstoers  in  the 


I30 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


15.  You  our  Deputy  shall  cause  our  Judges  and  learned  Counsel  to  set  down  our  Titles 
the  several  Lands  lately  escheated  in  Ulster,  to  see  the  Records  to  be  perfitted  [perfected]  and 
take  care  that  they  may  be  safely  preserved  and  kept  secret,  and  to  transmit  the  Cases  hitl 
under  the  Hands  of  our  Judges  and  learned  Counsel  (18). 

16.  All  Acts,  Orders,  and  Decrees  resolved  there,  to  be  recorded  in  two  Books,  the  one 
remain  there  in  some  Court  of  Record,  and  the  other  to  be  transmitted  to  our  Counsel  here  (19 

1 7.  It  is  also  to  be  considered  what  Portions  are  fit  to  be  allotted  to  the  Mother  of  the  h 
Earl  of  Tyrconnell,  [Ineen  dubh  Macdonnel],  the  mother  of  Mac-Gwire ;  Katherine  Butler,  the  h 


hand- writing  of  Davys.  The  first  question  is — "  Whether 
the  termon  lands  are  only  to  be  conferred  on  the  bishops, 
or  upon  them  and  the  members  of  their  cathedrals  ?**  The 
Answer, — because  it  refers  specially  to  the  church  of 
Derry — we  give  in  extenso,  as  follows : — "Though  the 
Bishop  of  Derry  appropriate  all  to  himself,  and  that  the 
termon  lands  are  allotted  in  general  terms  to  the  bishops, 
yet  because  the  Bishop  of  Derry  claims  the  same  only  as 
given  at  first  to  the  church,  and  that  by  the  name  of  the 
church,  the  cathedral  church  is  intended,  which  consists 
not  only  of  a  bishop,  but  of  a  dean  and  chapter,  viz., 
dignitaries  and  prebends,  which  make  the  ecclesiastical 
council,  according  to  the  first  institution  of  bishopricks, 
it  were  fit  that  some  part  of  that  gpreat  scope  of  land 
which  is  allotted  to  the  oishops  should  be  distributed  to 
deans  and  chapters  to  be  newly  erected,  the  rather  be- 
cause  the  King  makes  a  new  foundation,  and  purposes  to 
set  up  cathedral  churches  according  to  the  form  of  the 
churches  of  England.  It  is  fit  that  a  special  commis- 
sion  be  awarded  to  assign  the  portions  of  the  deans 
and  chapters,  and  that  the  commissioners  be  part  of 
the  clergy  and  part  of  the  laity,  of  special  place  and 
credit ;  and  this  course  of  allotment  is  no  new  thing  ;  for 
we  find  it  in  the  book  of  our  law  that,  upon  the  first 
endowments  of  cathedral  churches,  the  possessions  of  the 
bishops,  deans,  and  chapters  were  entire  and  undivided, 
and  that  afterwards,  by  consent,  the  bishops  had  their 
portions  assigned  by  themselves,  the  deans  by  themselves, 
and  the  prebendaries  each  by  himself,  whereupon  the 
reason  of  the  law  is  grounded  that  none  of  these  can  alien 
their  lands  without  Uie  consent  and  confirmation  of  the 
others.  If  it  be  thought  fit  to  unite  divers  parishes,  yet 
it  is  not  amiss  that  the  glebes  should  be  also  united  to 
make  the  livings  more  competent  for  sufficient  ministers.*' 
The  whole  ecclesiastical  machinery  here  recommended  was 
soon  put  into  working  order,  with  suitable  means  to  run  it 
successfully  and,  as  it  was  believed,  permanently.  The 
first  result  of  this  arrangement  was  an  order  from  the  coun- 
cil in  London,  that  the  Bishop  of  Derry  was  to  have  *'  the 
site  of  a  house,  backside,  and  garden,  within  the  island,  and 
in  or  near  Derry,  in  such  convenient  place  as  may  be  fit 
for  an  episcopal  see,  and  as  may  stand  with  the  frame  of  the 
plot  of  the  city.  The  like  consideration  to  be  had  of  the 
dean,  and  both  to  be  granted  by  the  King,  unless  it  fall 
in  that  place  which  was  their  own  land  before.  ** 

(18).  Learmd  Counsel, — The  commissioners  in  their 
report  afterwards  affirmed  that  the  above  important  work 
was  '*  fully  performed  in  the  book  of  cases,  and  the  re- 
cords all  perfected  and  returned."  This  very  important 
port  of  their  proceedings  was  done  principally  by  Davys, 


who,  in  his  brief  account  of  their  proceedinf^  drawn 
before  the  close  of  the  year,  stated  that  "  an  Abstract  * 
made  out  of  many  records  as  well  of  the  King's  title  fc. 
his  subjects'  titles  to  all  the  lands  within  the 
counties,  which  are  reduced  into  a  book  of  ca  _^ 
by  the  chief  judges  and  the  attorney-general,  whereii^ 
pear  what  lands  the  King  may  dispose  to  undertake 
a  good  and  just  title." 

(19).  Counsel  here,— To  this  article  the  conunissi 
afterwards  replied  in  their  report  that  "  there  werei 
crees  made  ; '  therefore,  no  such  two  books  as  also 
mentioned  ever  were  required.  It  is  curious  that  t 
instructions  contained  in  the  above  two  articles,  1511 
16,  were  not  embodied  in  any  portion  of  the  earlier  id 
but  the  latter  presents  some  which  do  not  appear  m  tk 
other  set,  which  was  finally  adopted  and  followed.  Tlnf 
in  the  earlier  set,  the  iith  article  requires  the  coomii 
sioners  to  "take  special  care  that  tne  portions  of  Ife 
natives  shall  not  be  laid  together,  but  shall  be  scttteic 
and  laid  asunder  upon  the  making  up  of  the  lots ;"  ti 
1 2th  article  requires  that  "if,  upon  distribution  of  d 
lots,  any  of  the  undertakers  shall  consent  and  agree 
change  their  lots  in  respect  of  neighbourhood,  wtUi  di 


tbc 


friends  or  allies,  you  shall  consider  of  the 
thereof,  and  if  you  shall  find  the  same  to  be  fit,  yoa  di^ 
give  way  thereunto,  and  cause  the  several  grants  to  ^ 
made  accordingly ;"  the  i6th  article  requires  that  c| 
commissioners  should  "  take  consideration  of  such  IiS 
natives  as  have  been  servitors,  and  reserve  upon  tiM 
grants  lesser  rents  than  are  to  be  reserved  upon  giafl 
made  to  other  natives,  who  have  performed  no  spec 
purpose  ;"  the  17th  article  instructs  them  *'  to  take  Old 
that  every  undertaker  do  take  out  his  letten  pat€ 
within  four  months  after  his  portion  shall  be  allotted  a: 
set  forth  unto  him,  and  shall,  within  four  months  afl 
that,  transport  such  English  or  Scottish  tenants  as  are 
be  planted  upon  their  several  portions,  which  if  t!b 
neglect  to  do,  they  are  to  lose  the  benefit  of  their  US' 
and  you  shall  grant  their  portions  to  others  who  n 
perform  the  articles  of  plantation  ;"  and  the  i8th  aiti( 
requires  the  commissioners  "to  take  order  that  1 
castles  or  stone  houses  to  be  built  and  erected  by  t 
several  undertxdcers  do  contain  one  pile  of  18  foot  tra 
at  least  within  the  walls,  and  two  storeys  high  at  bi 
with  a  battlement  on  the  top."  It  will  tiias  be  ofaten 
that  the  foregoing  articles  in  the  earlier  set  of  instnictii 
for  the  guidimce  of  the  plantation  commissioners  are  < 
tinct  from  any  contained  in  the  second  set,  and  m 
abandoned,  no  doubt,  because  considered  not  quite  pi 
ticable  in  tome  instances,  and  not  required  in  othen. 


DOUBTS    AND    DELAYS. 


131 


3f  Mulmorie  O'Rely,  and  such  others  as  claim  jointures ;  and  that  the  Commissioners  do  (if 
ve  Cause)  allow  the  same  unto  them  during  their  Lives,  and  the  Reversion  to  the  Natives, 
mdition  that  they  observe  the  Articles  of  Plantation,  as  other  Undertakers  do,  or  otherwise 
n  them  Recompense  in  some  other  Place  (20). 

.  The  River  Fishings  in  Loughs  and  Rivers  are  to  be  allotted  unto  the  Proportions  next 
ig  unto  the  Loughs  and  Rivers  wherein  the  said  Fishings  are,  the  one  Moiety  to  the 
ion  lying  on  the  one  side  of  the  River  or  Lough,  and  the  other  Moiety  to  the  Proportion 
1  the  other  side,  unless  by  necessity  or  inconveniency  it  shall  be  found  fitting  to  be  allotted 
one  Side ;  for  which  Fishing  some  increase  of  Rent  is  to  be  reserved  unto  us,  as  by  the 
ssioners  shall  be  thought  fit  (21). 


Otkir  Pltue, — The  commissioners  reported  in 
the  above  article  : — "This  is  performed,  and 
ssessions  established   for  the  time,  by  several 
of  the  Lord   Deputy  and   Council,   viz.,  the 
3f  Tyrconnell   hath  16  quarters  in   the  county 
jail  ;  O'Reiley's  widow  eight  quarters  in  said 
M  *G wire's  mother  [widow  of  Sir  Hugh  Maguire 
jhter  of  the  Earl  of  Tyrone]  8  quarters  in  the 
f  Fermanagh  ;  Catherine  Butler  [niece  of  Gr- 
ind  widow   of  Mulmorie  O'Reilly]  an  annual 
ive  shillings  out  of  every  polle  in  the  barony  of 
5,  in  the  county  of  Cavan,  m  lieu  whereof,  upon 
ng  of  the  natives  in  their  portions,  a  competent 
if  land  shall  be  assigned  unto  her."    It  is  strange 
the  article  above,  Sir  John  O'Reilly's  widow  is 
tioned,  although  her  existence  is  duly  noted  in 
nissioners'  answer.     The  lady  is  specially  men- 
the  14th  article  of  the  earlier  set  of  instructions, 
her  lands  were  assigned  to  her  in  the  county  of 
it  would  be  difHcuIt  to  imagine.     The  following 
ig  document  has  special  reference  to  the  provi- 
ie  for  a  few  native  Irish  of  high  rank — nobles  and 
recording  their  names  and  the  places  where  they 
their  portions  of  land  : — I.   "Art  McBaron  and 
and  the  longest  liver  of  them,  to  have  one  great 
)n  of  2,000  acres  in  the  barony  of  Orior.     2. 
Roe  McGwire  to  have  but  one  barony  [instead 
as  promised]  called  Maghery  Stefiana,  and  out 
so   many   islands   [in    Lough   Erne]  as  belong 

0  to  be  excepted.  The  same  to  be  passed  to 
his  heirs  by  letters  patent ;  the  islands  to  be  left 
sposition  of  the  Lord  Deputy  unto  servitors.  3. 
fcShane  O'Neale  to  have  one  great  proportion, 
Lhat  rate,  in  the  precinct  of  Orior,  in  the  county 
igh.  Con  O'Neale,  his  brother,  to  have  one 
roportion,  or  after  that  rate,  in  the  precinct  of 
id  Tircanada,  in  Fermanagh.    4.  Tirlagh  McArt 

[of  Newtown  in  Tyrone,  see  p.  96]  to  have  two 
>roportions,  or  after  that  rate,  in  the  precinct  of 
)n ;  and  to  Neal,  Con,  and  Brian,  his  brethren, 
die  proportion,  to  be  divided  amongst  them,  in 

1  [precinct  or  barony].  5.  We  think  it  fit  that 
ows  of  O'Boyle  and  Manus  O'Donnell  be  re- 
rom  their  present  abode  unto  the  precinct  ap- 
for  natives  in  the  said  counties,  there  to  enjoy 
tions  during  life,  without  rent,  and  the  reversion 
1  in  the  Crown  ;  and  in  respect  they  pay  no  rent, 
tions  to  be  less.     6.  The  like  order  to  be  taken 


with  Sir  Cormock  O'Neale's  wife,  and  Sir  Donnell 
O'Caen's  wife,  in  what  county  the  Lord  Deputy  shall 
please.  7.  Brian  McGuire  [brother  of  Cuconnaght] 
to  have  one  great  proportion,  or  after  that  rate,  in 
the  precinct  of  Coole  and  Tircannada,  in  Fermanagh ; 
and  half  a  small  proportion  for  his  brother  Tirlagh.  S. 
McSwine  Banagn,  O'Boyle,  McSwine  Faynet,  and 
McSwine  O'Doe,  each  to  have  a  great  proportion,  or 
after  that  rate,  in  the  precinct  of  Faynet  [Fanaid],  or  Doe 
[in  Don^al].  9.  Brian  Crossach  [O'Neill,  son  of  Sir 
Cormack]  to  have  a  small  proportion  where  the  Lord 
Deputy  shall  appoint.  10.  The  Lord  Deputy  and  com- 
missioners shall  likewise  set  down  what  proportions  of 
lands  the  natives  of  the  county  of  Colerame  shall  have 
from  the  Londoners,  and  the  rents  they  shall  pay  for  the 
same,  according  to  the  sixth  article  of  agreement  with 
the  Londoners.  And  herein  the  Deputy  is  to  take  order, 
if  he  so  think  fit,  that  the  Irish  houses  of  them  that  be 
removed  be  preserved  for  the  use  of  the  British  under- 
takers. II.  The  Lord  Deputy  is  especially  to  respect 
the  children  of  Captain  Dennis  0*Mullen  and  Shane 
O'MuUen,  his  brother.  They  are  to  be  provided  for  as 
one  person,  and  one  of  the  four  admitted  by  the  Lon- 
doners in  the  county  of  Coleraine.  Manus  O'Cahan, 
Manus  McCoey  [Cumaighe]  Ballagh  O'Cahan,  and  Coey 
Ballagh  McRichard  [Roiy]  O'Cahan,  to  be  the  other 
three  ;  and  if  any  more  oe  fit  to  be  respected  in  that 
county  the  Lord  Deputy  shall  provide  for  them  in  some 
of  the  precincts  appointed  for  natives,  in  another  county. 
12.  The  Lord  Deputy  is  to  take  order  for  removing  of 
the  natives  presently  with  as  little  trouble  as  may  be  for 
making  an  ,easy  way  for  the  plantation.  And  if  he  see 
cause  he  may  transplant  them  from  one  county  to  another, 
which«  being  a  matter  of  greatest  moment,  will  require 
the  greatest  and  most  serious  consideration."  The  fore- 
going assignments  of  lands  were  made  in  London,  and,  in 
most  cases  were  afterwards  changed. 

(21).  Thought  fit,— 1\i^  leading  fisheries  of  Ulster— 
in  the  Bann,  Lough  Neagh,  and  Foyle — were  granted 
soon  after  to  the  corporation  of  London ;  but,  irrespective 
of  these,  there  were  very  many  other  fishing-places  in  our 
northern  province  which,  although  not  of  much  value 
except  in  some  instances,  required  nevertheless  to  be 
l^;ally  assigned  to  their  several  owners.  The  importance 
of  the  arrangement  mentioned  in  this  article  of^  instruc- 
tion will  be  sufficiently  obvious  when  it  is  remembered 
how  many  lakes  and  loughs  there  are  in  Ulster. 


132  THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

19.  That  return  be  made  of  their  Proceedings  and  doings,  by  virtue  of  this  Commission  an«k 
Instructions  before  Hallowmas  next,  that  we  may  have  convenient  Time  to  resolve  thereupon 
Winter,  and  to  signify  our  Pleasure  against  the  next  Spring  (22). 

III. 
The  commission  above  described,  and  perhaps  more  especially  the  *  Instructions'  with 
it  was  accompanied,  had  an  undoubted  effect  in  restoring  Chichester  and  his  immediate  associatit,^^^/ 
to  a  tolerable  equanimity.  A  few,  from  being  greatly  depressed  about  plantation  prospects^ 
once  more  became  enthusiastic.  At  that  time,  the  court  of  James  I.  was  literally  beset  by  a 
of  importunate  suitors,  both  English  and  Scotch,  who  envied  and  hated  one  another,  and 
were  believed,  or  at  least  believed  themselves,  to  have  claims  on  the  King  and  his  Government  f^^ 
services  of  various  kinds.  These  gentlemen  were  not  particular  as  to  the  considerations  of  ^ctuj^  ^ 
w/t€re  they  might  obtain  some  addition  to  their  means,  or  the  convenience  of  suitable  homesei^  ^ 
which  they  could  eventually  retire  from  the  turmoils  of  life.  Indeed,  they  were  mainly  anxious  to 
make  a  respectable  escape,  at  a  time  when  the  expenses  of  living  had  very  considerably  increase^ 
not  only  in  England  but  throughout  many  districts  north  of  the  Tweed.  The  undertakers  for 
lands  in  Ulster,  however,  were  not  all  of  this  class,  for  amongst  them  were  several  thrifty  people  who 
had  gathered  means  in  trade,  and  were  naturally  anxious  to  invest  their  gatherings  in  some  sal«e  1 
and  remunerative  scheme.  The  philosophers  in  London,  besides,  were  of  opinion  that  ti:^^ 
population  of  Great  Britain,  north  and  south,  had  begun  then  somewhat  to  overflow  its  legitimacy 
bounds,  and  that  Ulster  would  prove  sucA  a  timely  outlet  for  many  who  might  be  induced,  ^^* 
tenant-settlers,  "  to  leave  their  country  for  their  country's  good."  Bacon,  who  was  not  remarkab^^^ 
for  the  practical  wisdom  of  his  suggestions  about  plantation  matters,  became  the  mouth-piece 
disseminating  this  doctrine,  and  was  able  to  put  something  like  a  philosophic  face  on 
difficulties  that  surrounded  the  King.  "  An  effect  of  peace,"  says  he,  **  in  fruitful  kingdoms, 
the  stock  of  people  receiving  no  consumption  nor  diminution  by  war  doth  continually  multiply  — ^^^  ^^ 
increase,  must  in  the  end  be  a  surcharge  and  overflow  of  people,  more  than  the  territories  can  wd^-^"^ 
maintain ;  which,  many  times  insinuating  a  general  necessity  and  want  of  means  unto  all  estiteSi 
doth  turn  external  peace  into  internal  troubles  and  seditions.  Now,  what  an  excellent  diveisioD 
of  this  inconvenience  is  ministered  by  God's  providence  to  your  Majesty  in  this  plantation  of  be-  ^ 
land, — wherein  so  many  families  may  receive  sustentations  and  fortunes,  and  the  discharge  of  them 
also  out  of  England  and  Scotland  may  prevent  many  seeds  of  future  perturbations.  So  that  it  n 
as  if  a  man  were  troubled  for  the  avoidance  of  water  from  the  place  where  he  hath  built  his  house, 
and  aftenvards  should  advise  with  himself  to  cast  those  waters,  and  to  turn  them  into  fair  pwAs  or 
streams  for  pleasure,  provision,  or  use.  So  shall  your  Majesty  in  this  work  have  a  doubk 
commodity,  in  the  avoidance  [clearing  out]  of  people  here,  and  in  making  use  of  them  there."  Tbe 
philosopher,  however,  proceeds  to  apply  another  and  a  more  touching  stimulant  to  his  maoicf' 

(22).  Niexl  Spring'. — The  return  here  asked  was  made      of  the  multiplicity  of  the  business,  and  the  few  haadt  to 
at  Christmas,  the  commissioners  stating  that  it  "could      perform  the  same." 
act  have  been  possibly  done  sooner  than  it  was,  by  reason 


i 


DOUBTS    AND    DELAYS. 


m 


^ereign  thus  : — "  The  fourth  and  last  consequence  is  the  great  profit  and  strength  which  is 
iound  to  your  crown,  by  the  working  upon  this  unpolished  part  thereof:  whereof  your 
being  in  the  strength  of  your  years,  are  like  by  the  good  pleasure  of  Almighty  God  to 
lore  than  the  first-frui^,  and  upon  posterity  a  growing  and  springing  vein  of  riches  and 
3).  For  this  island  [Ireland]  being  another  Britain,  as  Britain  was  said  to  be  another 
endowed  with  so  many  dowries  of  nature  (considering  the  fruitfulness  of  the  soil,  the  ports, 
^  the  fishings,  the  quarries,  the  woods,  and  other  materials,  and  especially  the  race  and 
1  of  men,  valiant,  hard,  and  active),  as  it  is  not  easy,  no  not  upon  the  continent,  to  find 
luence  of  commodities,  if  the  hand  of  man  did  join  with  the  hand  of  nature." 
1  this  and  similar  representations  of  Ireland  generally,  supplemented  by  still  more  glowing 
Df  Ulster  from  such  competent  authorities  as  Sir  John  Davys  and  Sir  Thomas  Phillips  (24), 
Ltion  project  began  once  more  to  look  sufficiently  attractive.  British  would-be  undertakers 
in  goodly  numbers  offering  to  comply  with  all  the  orders  and  conditions,  and  to  take  out 
mts  without  delay.     The  commissioners,  however,  felt  that  the  approaching  multitude 

be  permitted  to  come  to  Ulster  before  the  summer  of  16 10;  for  though  the  outline  of 
y  project  had  been  skilfully  laid,  there  was  still  much  to  be  done,  and  a  very  large  amount 
ost  delicate  manipulation  yet  necessary  for  its  actual  completion.  The  main  difficulty, 
was  still  felt  to  arise  from  the  position  of  the  unhappy  natives,  who  could  not  be  induced 
Jlster  on  any  pretext,  and  whom,  it  was  now  admitted  on  all  hands,  there  was  no  power 
)y  force.     Not  only,  indeed,  had  this  truth  been  growing  clearer  to  the  deputy  and  his 

in  the  government,  but  it  came  to  pass  that  the  presence  of  the  Irish  was  for  so  far  a  de- 
antage  to  the  authorities,  and  even  likely  to  be  required  for  a  little  time  longer,  until  they 
lally  assist  the  British  settlers  to  squat  upon  the  soil  of  Ulster  !  In  the  meantime,  all  the 
the  northern  earls,  and  of  those  who  were  attainted  and  in  exile  with  them,  had  been  let 


A^s  and  power. — ^James  I.,  who  was  always 
ind  a  genuine  beggar  in  spirit,  was  determined 
•me  fruits  without  delay,  from  a  country  whose 
»s"  was  the  theme  of  universal  glorification 
rourtiers.  With  this  object,  he  actually  set  on 
ng  crusade  among  the  Irish,  who  had  so  little  to 
for,  but  were  willing,  of  course  from  prudential 
give  even  more  than  they  were  able.  This 
j>  begun  so  early  as  16 14,  so  that  the  King 
5tter  to  "take  time  by  the  forelock"  than  to  trust 
*hat  Bacon  was  pleased  to  call  **the  strength  of 

Sir  Oliver  St.  John,  writing  to  Sir  R.  Win- 
September  of  that  year,  says,  in  reference  to  this 
at  **the  benrvolaice  for  the  King\s  likely  to 
a  good  sum.     The  argument  that  most  per- 

that  the  motion  came  from  the  King,  and 
it  was  objected  by  the  Lord  Deputy  that  it 
T  the  grant  of  the  subsidy  by  Parliament,  his 
wered  that  he  liked  this  course  better  than  a 
The  King  took  the  plan  thus  to  get  both — 
best !  Chichester,  writing  to  James  on  the 
-T,  states  that  he  understands  the  *  benevolence' 
rach  ;f20,ooo — an  immense  sum  at  the  time, 
the  circumstances — but  that   the  priests  and 


Jesuits  might  probably  dash  his  Majesty's  hopes  in  the 
affair.  "  But  to  pay  it  in  money,"  continues  the  deputy, 
**they  [the  poor  Irish]  are  not  able,  and,  therefore,  they 
desire  that  beeves  and  other  cattle  may  be  accepted  for 
the  most  part.  The  Irish  lords  and  gentlemen  lav  the 
payment  of  what  they  give  upon  their  tenants  andfol- 
lowers,  after  their  old  custom."  Neither  the  King  nor 
his  deputy  objected  in  this  instance  to  the  "cuttings"  of 
Irish  lords  for  the  purpose  in  hand  I  Thus  the  beggar* 
King  got  his  alms  literally  from  the  poorest  and  most 
afflicted  among  the  Irish,  who  were  compelled  to  part 
with  their  cows — some  fat  and  some  giving  milk — that 
their  stupid  and  deceitful  oppressor  might  revel  in  his 
royal  follies. 

(24).  Phillips, — Ulster  was  represented  either  as  a  howl- 
ing wilderness  of  swamps,  woods,  and  bogs,  or,  on  the  con- 
trary, as  a  sort  of  terrestrial  panidise,  just  as  was  required 
to  suit  the  settlers'  objects  ana  designs.  When  they  wanted 
to  impress  the  people  of  Great  Britain  with  an  extdted  idea 
of  their  own  [the  first  settlers*]  courage,  perseverance,  and 
trust  in  God,  Ulster  was  described  as  almost  unfit  for  the 
habitation  of  human  beings ;  but,  when  they  wished 
others  to  join  them  here,  the  beauty  and  fertility  of  the 
land  surpassed  even  that  of  any  lands  on  the  continent ! 


134  THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

out  in  1607,  by  the  Government,  to  Irish  tenants  (for  none  others  could  then  be  had)  at  shaq) 
rents,  and  were  to  be  thus  occupied  until  the  November  of  16 10.      For  this  reason,  then,  if 
there  had  been  no  other,   the   *  Britons'  were  prevented  from  coming  in  large   numbers  to 
these  coasts  until  about  that  date,  or  a  short  time  before  it,  although  the  individual  undertakers 
were  required  to  be  present  at  the  time  of  general  distribution  in  the  preceding  July.     "  The 
natives,"  say  the  commissioners,   "yet   dwell  dispersedly  over  all  the  countries,  who  arc  to 
be  drawn  into  certain  limits  before  the  undertakers  can  begin  any  plantation;  which  restraint 
must  be  effected  by  the  countenance  and  power  of  the  Lord  Deputy  this  summer  [1609]."    But 
they  were  not  "drawn  together,"  or,  more  correctly,  warned  off  the  lands  they  had  rented,  until 
late  in  the  autumn  of  1610,  as  they  [the  natives]  were  bound  to  pay  rent  down  to  tbe  ist  of 
November  in  that  year. 

This,  then,  was  one  of  the  most  valid  excuses  urged  by  the  commissioners  in  favour  of  delay, 
although  they  used  some  others,  perhaps  equally  important  at  the  time,  for  the  same  purpost. 
These  excuses  were  published  in  the  month  of  May,  1609,  and  headed  "  Reasons  proving  that  the 
deferring  of  the  Plantation  in  Ulster  until  the  next  Spring  is  the  most  convenient  for  the  King's 
Majesty,  for  the  Undertakers,  and  for  the  general  service."  Among  the  various,  and,  indeed, 
prodigious  labours  to  be — if  not  done,  at  least  attempted — there  was  one  of  a  rather  delicate  nature 
which  they  describe  as  follows: — "Many  have  been,  and  daily  are,  petitioners  to  be  admitted 
undertakers ;  but  because  they  dwell  in  remote  countries,  their  abilities  cannot  be  known  untfl  tlie 
summer  vacation,  that  inquiry  may  be  made  thereof  in  the  countries."  In  other  wcwds,  the 
commissioners,  or  rather  some  other  parties  in  theu:  name,  were  bent  on  spending  their  holidays, 
some  in  England  and  others  in  Scotland,  hunting  out  the  localities  in  which  several  of  the  would- 
be  undertakers  dwelt,  for  the  purpose  of  ascertaining  whether  these  persons,  of  whom  notfau^  ^ 
was  known,  had  really  such  substantial  means  as  would  entitle  them  to  engage  in  the  proper^ 
management  of  large  estates  in  Ulster.  The  commissioners  had  received  proposals  from 
*  Britons'  whose  pretensions,  being  well  known,  appeared  to  them  more  than  doubtful 
caution  in  this  particular  was  inspired,  no  doubt,  by  Chichester,  whose  opinions  on  the  sub} 
were  well  known.  With  him  agreed  also  the  philosophic  Bacon,  whose  mind  was  quite  up  on 
point,  and  who  gave  expression  to  his  convictions  in  the  following  rather  obscure  but  no  doa 
appropriate  terms : — "  It  is  fit  to  interlace  a  word  or  two  of  the  quality  of  the 
Wherein  my  opinion  simply  is,  that  if  your  Majesty  shall  make  these  portions  of  lands  which  are 
be  planted  as  fortunes  for  those  that  are  in  want,  and  are  likest  to  seek  after  them,  they  will  not  l>e 
able  to  go  through  with  the  charge  of  good  and  substantial  plantations,  but  will  defiare  in  cfmt 
medio  ;  and  then  this  work  will  succeed,  as  Tacitus  saith,  acribus  initiiSyfitu  incurioso.  So  that 
this  must  rather  be  an  adventure  for  such  as  are  full,  than  a  setting  up  of  those  that  are  kiw  of 
means  ;  for  those  men  indeed  are  fit  to  perform  these  undertakings  which  were  fit  to  purchase  diy 
reversions  afler  lives  or  years,  or  such  as  were  fit  to  put  out  money  upon  long  returns."  Se^ 
Bacon's  Life  and  Letters^  edited  by  Spedding,  vol.  iv.,  p.  1 20. 

The  wisdom  of  a  little  delay,  however,  became  more  and  more  obvious,  not  because  die 


136  THE  PLANTATION  IN  ULSTER. 

able  request   that   Chichester,   as    lord    deputy,  would   communicate  either  his   "approval  or 
disapprovaP  thereof.     It  was  rumoured  that  Audley  had  actually  obtiincd  from  the  King  a  grant 
of  100,000  acres  in  Tyrone,  "which  is  more,"  says  Chichester,  when  referring  to  the  rumour,  "than 
the  whole  county  is  found  at  by  the  book  of  survey."    Although,  indeed,  the  book  of  survey  had 
represented  that  Tyrone  only  contained  98,178  acres,  old  Lord  Audley  had  probably  known 
its  real  extent  much  better.     His  proposal,  however,  in  comparison  with  his  means,  was  sim;^ 
ludicrous,  and  was  quietly  set  aside  by  the  following  passage   in  a  letter  from   Chichester  to 
Salisbury,  dated  Oct,  13,  1609  : — "He  [Audley]  is  an  ancient  nobleman,  and  apt  to  undertake 
much  ;  but  his  manner  of  life  in  Munster,  and  the  small  cost  he  has  bestowed  to  make  his  house 
fit  for  him,  or  any  room  within  the  same,  does  not  promise  the  building  of  substantial  castles,  nor  a 
convenient  plantation  in  Ulster.     Besides  which  he  is  near  to  himself  [penurious],  and  loves  not 
hospitality.     Such  an  one  will  be  unwelcome  to  that  people  [of  Ulster],  and  will  soon  make  himself 
contemptible  ;  and  if  the  natives  be  not  better  provided  for  [with  lands]  than  he  [Chichester]  has 
yet  heard  of,  he  doubts  they  will  kindle  many  a  fire  in  his  [Audley's]  buildings  before  they  be  half 
finished.     This,  out  of  duty,  and  for  no   other  respect  whatsoever;   for  he  [Chichester]  aflecti 
nothing  more  than  the  reformation  and  well-planting  of  that  province,  in  which  he  has  spent  the 
best  of  his  time,  and  where  the  greatest  part  of  his  living  is."     Audley*s  proposal,  however, 
was  formally  submitted  by  the  council  in  London  for  Chichester's  consideration ;  but  the  latter 
pleaded  want  of  sufficient  time  even  to  consider  it,  replying  on  the  7th  of  November,  that  "it  was 
for  more  lands  than  his  Majesty  has  to  bestow  on  anyone  there  [in  Tyrone]."     At  length,  the 
council  had  probably  made  up  their  minds  that  the  deputy  was  correct  in  his  decision  on  this 
matter,  for  towards  the  end  of  the  following  June,  they  wrote  to  him  as  follows  : — "Lord  Audiey 
having  heretofore  offered  himself  as  an  undertaker  of  a  large  quantity  of  the  escheated  lands  in 
Ulster,  is  now  content  to  rank  himself  under  such  conditions  as  have  been  since  arranged  for  die 
planting  of  that  whole  province,  and  to  receive  his  allotment  as  among  servitors.     And,  consi 
the  encouragement  his  readiness  to  embark  in  that  project  gave  to  othci-s,  they  [the  council]  requi 
he  may  be  accommodated  with  as  large  a  proportion  of  land,  and  in  as  commodious  a  place  as  ma; 
be  consistent  with  the  orders  for  setting  down  servitors." 


The  wisdom  of  the  commissioners,  in  reserving  some  time  for  the  selection  of  what 
believed  to  be  the  best  men,  became  still  further  apparent  when  the  first  lot  of  Scottish  wouli 
undertakers  presented  themselves.  Of  applicants  coming  from  north  of  iho  Tweed  there 
many  more  than  the  number  required  to  undertake  for  the  lands  assigned  throughout  the  sev 
counties  to  the  Scotch.  Fortunately,  we  have  been  able  to  obtain  li^ts  of  i)^e  original  Scottish  appli- 
cants, many  of  whom  failed  to  secure  the  coveted  scopes  or  *  proportions/  into  which  the  genial  soil  0/ 
Ulster  was  then  being  divided.  The  following  extract  of  a  letter  addressed  1  >y  Sir  Alexander  Hay  [the 
Clerk  Register]  to  Salisbury,  has  special  reference  to  this  matter : — **  It  has  been  certified  to  him  [Hay] 
by  their  chancellor  [the  Earl  of  Dunfermline]  that  there  are  now  a  great  many  undertakers  for  the  Ixisb 
plantation  of  their  countrymen,  who  have  found  sureties  to  their  council  there  for  performing  all  con. 
ditions  enjoined.     And,  as  it  is  much  urged  by  them  that  they  may  be  presently  put  a-work,  my  kwd 


DOUBTS     AND    DELAYS. 


137 


chancellor  has  willed  him  [HayJ  to  certify  him  [Dunfermline]  what  course  these  undertakers  are  now 
to  take,  and  to  whom  they  are  to  address  themselves,  in  order  to  receive  their  proportion  of  land, 
which  shall  be  by  lot  apportioned  to  them.  His  Majesty  has  commanded  him  to  wTite  here,  anent 
that  advice  may  be  returned  with  speed.  In  setting  down  the  proposition  to  undertakers,  he  finds 
most  of  all  the  proportions  to  be  of  2,000  acres  apiece.  The  reason  whereof  is  alleged  to  be  the 
unwillingness  of  any  of  ability  to  accept  a  less  quantity.  There  is  a  roll  of  names  of  undertakers,  and 
their  cautioners  sent  up,  who  have  undertaken  the  planting  of  75,000  acres,  which,  he  thinks,  is 
more  than  is  intended  for  their  country  people  [the  Scotch].  Will  expect  his  answer  as  to  what 
he  may  Certify  back  to  my  lord  chancellor." 

From  the  tone  of  the  foregoing  statement  made  by  Sir  Alexander  Hay  (26),  on  the  30th  of 

July,  1609,  the  Scottish  applicants  had  evidently  little  idea  that  any  of  them  would  be  rejected ; 

they  desired  at  least  to  appear  thoroughly  animated  by  the  spirit  of  plantation  (which  they  knew 

would  so  delight  the  King),  and  to  be  only  permitted  to  enter  upon  the  work  without  unnecessary 

delay.    It  will  be  seen  from  the  following  lists  that  no  fewer  than  77  Scottish  applicants  appeared, 

where  not  more  than  about  50  were  wanted,  and  that  instead  of  requiring  75,000  acres  of  the 

forfeited  lands  in  Ulster,  as  Sir  Alexander  Hay  at  first  supposed,  they  were  prepared  to  undertake 

137,000  acres.     Each  applicant  appeared  with  his  cautioner,  or  security,  the  latter  to  give  his  bond 

at  the  fixed  rate  of  jC^oo  sterling  for  every  500  acres,  or  ^£^400  for  2,000  acres — the  quantity  in 

almost  every  instance  applied  for.      The  list  is  preceded  by  proclamation  made  in  Scotland* 

announcing  the  King's  "unspeakable  love  and  tender  affection  for  his  subjects"  of  that  kingdom, 

coupled  with  his  anxiety  that  they  would  profit  by  the  distribution  of  lands  about  to  be  allotted  in 

Ulster,  which  lands  "  had  been  disburdynit  of  the  former  rebellious  and  disobedient  inhabitants 

^'^airof,  who  in  the  justice  of  God,  to  thair  schame  and  confusion,  are  overthra^vin."     The  first 

application  on  the  following  list  is  given  in  full,  as^  specimen  of  the  form  invariably  used;  the 

^^^  are  abbreviated.      This  whole  curious  document  has  been  carefully  transcribed  from  the 

Scottish  council-book  preserved  in  the  General  Register  House,  Edinburgh.     Of  the  74  applicants 

^cre  named,  only  thirteen  succeeded  in  obtaining  *  proportions'  of  the  forfeited  lands  : — 


^egistrum 
^^creti  Concilii 

Acta,  &C.       Chancellair. 
Dunbar. 


Apud  Edinburgh,  xxviij  Marcii,  anno 

1609. 


Sederunt. 
Blantyre. 
Halyrudehous, 


Sir  Alexr.  DrummondL 
Sir  Lues  Craig. 


(2^.)  Sir  AUxander  Hay. — This  Sir  Alexander  Hay, 
vbo  bdonged  to  the  old  family  of  Hay  of  Park,  suc- 
ceeded hislatber,  Alexander  Hay,  as  lord  clerk  reg^ter. 
the  latter  was  appointed  clerk  of  the  Scottish   privy 
cooiidl  in  March,  1564.     He  was  subsequently  appointed 
director  of  the  chancery,  an  office  which  he  resigned  in 
1^77  for  that  of  clerk  register.     He  was  also  made  a 

S 


lord  of  session,  bearing  the  judicial  title  of  Lord  Easter 
Kennet.  In  1589  he  accompanied  James  VI.  to  Dot- 
mark,  and  died  in  1594.  His  son,  mentioned  above, 
was  also  a  lord  of  session,  being  known  by  his  judiciml 
title  of  Lord  Newton.  Scott  of  Scotstarvet  states  that  he 
"was  not  learned,  and  never  came  to  any  estate  of  lands.** 
See  Staggering  State  of  Scottish  Statesmen^  pp.  99,  100. 


138 

Jan.  1609.  )     Caithnes. 
July,  1609  {     Wyntoun. 

B.  Glasgow. 

page  507.      B.  Ros. 
B.  Yllis. 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

Comptroller. 

CoUectour. 

Aduocat. 

Mr.  of  requeistis. 
Constable  of  Dundie. 


M'Canzie. 

Polwart 

Bruntiland. 

Sir  William  Haiit 

Conseruatour. 

Sir  John  Amot 


Proclama-  |^ 
tion  tnenl 
the  taking 
«f  Land  in 
Ireland 


Ibid.,  p.  647. 


Forsameikle  as  the  Kingis  Maiestie  haueing  resolued  to  reduce  and  setle  vnder  ^ 
perfyte  obedience  the  north  pairt  of  the  Kingdomc  of  Ireland,  which  now  by  th^ 
providence  of  Almichtie  God,  and  by  the  power  and  strenth  of  his  Maiesties  royal 
army,  is  fred  and  disburdynit  of  the  former  rebellious  and  dissobedient  inhabitanti^ 
thairof,  wha,  in  the  justice  of  God,  to  thair  schame  and  confusion  ar  overthnwiiv 
his  Maiestie,  for  this  effect,  hes  tane  a  verie  princelie  and  good  course,  alswell  for 
establischeing  of  religioun,  iustice,  and  ciuilitie  within  the  saidis  boundii,  as  far 
planting  of  coloneis  thairin,  and  distributeing  of  the  same  boundis  to  lauchfall  ^ 
ansuerable,  and  weill  affected  subiectis,  vpoun  certane  easie,  tollerable,  and  profliit — 
able  conditionis,  and  although  thair  be  no  want  of  grite  nomberis  of  the 
people  of  England,  who,  with  all  glaidnes,  wald  imbrace  the  saidis  conditionis, 
transport  thame  seliHs,  with  thair  famileis,  to  Yreland,  and  plenische  the  saidb 
boundis  sufficientlie  with  inhabitantis,  yit,  his  sacred  maiestie,  out  of  his  vnspeikab! 
love  and  tender  affectioun  toward  his  maiesteis  antient  and  native  subiectis  of  tlh. 
kingdome,  quhome  his  heynes  wald  haue  to  communicat  with  the  fortunes  of  his 
subiectis  of  England,  hes  bene  pleasit  to  mak  chose  of  thame  to  be  pardnaris  with 
saidis  subiectis  of  England,  in  the  distributioun  foirsaid.   Thairfore  ordanis  lettres  to 
direct  to  mak  publicatioun  heirof  be  oppin  proclamatioun  at  all  placeis  neidfull, 
to  wame  all  his  maiesteis  subiectis  of  this  kingdome  quho  ar  disposit  to  tak  ony 
in  Yreland,  That  thay  come  to  the  Lordis  of  his  Maiesteis  prevy  counsale  and 
thair  desyris  and  petitionis  to  the  saidis  lordis,  be  quhome  they  salbe  acquentit  wi-th 
the  particular  conditionis  to  be  performed  be  thame  for  thair  land. 

4th  July,  1609.  The  quhilk  day  in  presence  of  the  lordis  of  secrite  counsair 
comperit  personalie  Robert  Montgomerie,  of  Kirktoun,  and  maid  humble  sate  vQto 
the  saidis  lordis  That  he  might  be  ressaued  and  inrolled  as  one  of  the  vndertakeris 
in  the  intendit  plantation  and  distribution  of  the  forfeyted  and  escheated  landtsof 
the  province  of  Vlster,  for  Twa  thousand  aikeris  of  the  said  land  vpoun  suirtie  snd 
band  to  be  given  be  him  for  the  performance  of  the  haill  articles  and  conditionis  let 
down  be  the  King  his  most  excellent  Maiestie. 


The  Lords  receive  and  enrol  the  said  Robert  Montgomery  accordingly,  and  he  fives 
Bond,  for  which  Robert  Craufurd  of  Possill  is  cautioner. 


DOUBTS    AMD    DELAYS.  I39 

same  day  a  similar  application  is  made  by  Daniel  Craufurd,  goldsmith,  burgess 
r  Edinburgh,  and  his  cautioner  is  George  Craufurd,  goldsmith,  burgess  of  Edin- 
iiT^h — 2,000  acres ;  also,  Robert  Coutis,  of  Corswoodis,  with  his  cautioner  John 
^otitis,  skinner,  burgess  of  Edinburgh — 1,000  acres ;  also  John  Anderson,  burgess  of 
Bdiiiburgh,  with  Thomas  Anderson,  merchant  and  burgess  there,  his  cautioner,  1,000 
acres  ;  also,  David  Craufurd,  son  of  Andro  Craufurd,  of  Badlair,  with  Robert  Mont- 
gomerie,  of  Kirktoun,  as  cautioner — 1,000  acres. 

6th  July,  1609,  similar  applications  are  made  by  Ibid,  p.  655. 

Kt,  John  Ross,  burgess  of  Glasgow,  with  James  Carmichaell,  of  Pottieschaw,  as 
cautioner,  1,500  acres. 

James  Carmichaell,  of  Pottieshaw,  in  name  of  David  Carmichael  his  son,  with  Mr. 
Joliii  Ross,  burgess  of  Glasgow,  as  cautioner,  1,000  acres. 

James  Craufurd,  goldsmyth,  burgess  of  Edinburgh,  with  Archibald  Hamilton,  of 
Bairfiite,  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

John  Watson,  pordoner  of  Sauchtonhall,  with  James  Craufurde,  goldsmith,  bui^gess 
of  Cdinbuigh,  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

Abraham  Creichtoun,  brother  to  Creichtoun,  of  Brunstoun,  with  Thomas 

Creichtoun,  of  Brunstoun,  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

James  Dalrumple,  brother  to  Dalrumple,  of  Stair,  with  George  Craufurd 

younger,  of  Auchincors,  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

nth  July,  1609,  applications  by  p.  66u 

^^riane   McWalter,   of   Auchinvennell,   with  Alexander   Colquhoun,   of   Lus,  as 
^^tioner,  2,000  acres. 

^f-  Malcolm  Colhoun,  burgess  of  Glasgow,  with  Alexander  Colhoun,  of  Lus,  as 
^tioner,  2,000  acres. 

'3  A  July,  1609, 

Geofge  Miuray,  of  Bruchtoun,  with  Alexander  Dumbar,  of  Egirnes,  as  cautioner, 
2,000  acres. 

Alexander  Dumbai,  of  Egirnes,  with  George  Murray,  of  Bruchtoun,  as  cautioner, 
2,000  acres. 

I^r.  John  Hairt,  younger,  in  the  Canongate,  in  name  of  William  Bellindane,  son  to 


I40  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

the  late  Sir  Lues  Bellindane,  knight,  with  the  said  Mr.  John  Hairt  as  cautioner, 
2,000  acres. 

Nathaniel  Cranstoun,  son  to  Mr.  Michael  Cranstoun,  minister  at  Crawmond,  with 
Robert  Wardlau,  in  Edinburgh,  as  cautioner,  1,500  acres. 

John  Meldrum,  brother  to  the  Laird  of  Legy,  with  Ramsey,  of  Balmouth, 

as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

Robert  Hamilton,  of  Stanehous,  with  John  Hamilton,  of  Gilchriscleuch,  **  pcrsone" 
of  Craufurd  John,  2,000  aqres. 

p.  684.  18  July,  1609, 

James  McCuUoch,  of  Drummovell,  with  George  Murray,  of  Bnichtoun,  2,000  aores. 

James  Adamson,  brother  to  Mr.  William  Adamson,  of  Graycrook,  2,000  acres. 

John  Broun,  at  Gorgymylne,  with  Harie  Aikman,  in  Brumhous,  2,000  acres. 

Alexander   Hepburne,   of  Bangla,  with   Sir   Robert   Hepburn,  of  Alderstoun,  a— 
cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

Mr.   James  Watsoun,  portioner  of  Sauchton,  with  John  Watsoun,   portioner 
Sauchton,  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

William   Moubra,  son   to  John  Moubra,  of  Croftangrie,  with   the   said  John  s 
cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

p.  693.  20th  July,  1609, 

Andrew  lord  Stewart,  of  Ochiltrie,  in  name  of  Harie  Stewart,  of  Barskeming,  wii 
the  said  Andro  lord  Stewart  as  cautioner,  for  2,000  acres. 

Andro  lord  Stewart,  of  Ochiltrie,  in  name  of  Robert  Stewart,  his  imcle,  the  former 
cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

Robert  Stewart,  of   Robertoun,  with  William  Stewart,  of  DundufT,  as   caution 
2,000  acres. 

Captain  David  Orok,  with  Andro  lord  Stewart,  of  Ochiltrie,  as  cautioner,  2, 
acres. 

William  Stewart,  of  DundufT,  with  Andro  lord  Stewart  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

James  Guidlett,  in  Strabrok,  with  John  Cuningham,  of  Rawis,  as  cautioner,  2, 


DOUBTS     AND    DELAYS.  141 

John  Cunynghame,  of  Rawis,  with  James  Guidlet,  of  Strabrok,  as  cautioner,  2,000 
acres. 

Robert  Stewart,  indweller  in   Edinburgh,  with   William   Stewart,  of  Dunduff,   as 
cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

Andro  Wood,  brother  to  John  Wood,  of  Geilston,  with  the  latter  as  cautioner,  2,000 
acres. 

George  Douglas,  of  Sheill,  with  Douglas,  of  Pumpherstoun,  as  cautioner, 

2,000  acres. 

Robert  Irving,  at  the  Mylne  of  Covry,  with  Edward  Johnstoun,  younger,  merchant, 
burgess  of  Edinburgh,  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

Thomas  Purves,  in  Bold,  with  John   Purves,  cordiner,  burgess  of  Edinburgh,  as 
cautioner,  1,000  acres. 

^omas  Creichtoun,  of  Brunstoun,  with  Mr.  James  Cunynghame,  of  Montgrenane, 
^  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

^5  July,  1609,  p.  715 

*^'"-  Robert  Lindsay,  in  Leith,  with  George  Smailhome,  in  Leith,  as  cautioner,  2,000 


^^oi^e  Smailholme,  in  Leith,  with  Mr.  Robert  Lindsay,  in  Leith,  as  cautioner,  2,000 


^^vi^  Lindsay,  keeper  of  the  Tolbuith  of  Edinburgh,  in  name  of  Mr.  Jerome 
*-^*x<isay,  in  Leith,  with  the  said  David  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

*^liajn  FouUer,  merchant,  burgess  of  Edinburgh,  with  John  Inglis,  skinner,  merchant, 
^^^^ess  of  Edinburgh,  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

J  ^Hn  Forres,  in  Dirlton,  with  Walter  Ker,  of  Cokilmylne,  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

^^^Iter  Ker,  of  Cokilmylne,  with  John  Forres,  in  Dirlton,  as  cautioner,  1,500  acres. 

William  Forster,  in  Leith,  with  John  Forster,  in  Edinburgh,  as  cautioner,  1,000  acres. 

^^orge  Thorbrand,  burgess  of  Edinburgh,  in  name  of  David  Borthwick,  Chamberlain 
^*  Newbottle,  with  the  said  George  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

^^^rte  Achesoun,  in  Edinburgh,  with  Mr.  James  Cunynghame,  of  Montgrenane,  as 
^^tioner,  2,000  acres. 

^"^  George  Levingston,  of  Ogilface,  knight,  with  John  Craufurd,  of  Beircroftis,  as 
^tioner,  2,000  acres. 


142  THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

Mr.  Timothie  Pont,  minister,  with  Alexander  Borthwick,  of  Nether   Laich,   as 
cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

John  Bellindane,  son  to  the  late  Sir  Lues  Bellindane,  Justice  Clerk,  with  Sir  George 
Levingston,  of  Ogilface,  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

John  Craufurd,  of  Beircroftis,  with  Sir  Geoige  Levingston,  of  Ogil&ce,  as  cautioiier, 
2,000  acres. 

Claud  Hamilton,  of  Creichnes,  with  Archibald  Hamilton,  of  Bairfiite,  as  cautioner, 

2,000  acres. 

James  Meluill,  son  to  John  Meluill,  of  Raith,  with  James  Meluill,  of  Fadinche,  as 
cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

Alexander  Cunynghame,  of  Powtoun,   with  George   Murray,  nof   Brochtoun,   as 
cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

Joseph  Douglas,  of  Pumpharstoun,  in  name  of  William  Douglas,  his  eldest  son, 
with  the  said  Joseph  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

Robert  Craufurd,  of  Possill,  with  John  Montgomerie,  of  Cokilbie,  as  caationer, 
2,000  acres. 

Alexander  Ramsay,  brother  to  Thomas  Ramsay,  of  Balmouth,  with  Meldnmi, 

of  Legy,  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

James    Mure,  portioner  of  Bothkenner,  with  Cuthbert  Cunynghame,   piovosX  of 
Dunbertane,  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

Mr.  Samuel  McGill,  burgess  of  Glasgow,  with  Robert  Gray,  brother   to  Patiick 
Lord  Gray,  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

John  Dunbar,  of  Avach,  with  David  Lindsay,  keeper  of  the  Tolbuith  of  Edinbuigh, 
as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

James  Douglas,  of  Clapperton,  with  Geoige  Douglas,  of  Sheill,  as  cautioner,  2,000 
acres. 

Thomas  Marjoribanks,  son  to  Thomas  Marjoribanks,  of  Ratho,  with  the  latter  as 
cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

Alexander  Thorbrand,  son  to  George  Thorbrand,  burgess  of  Edinburgh,  with  the 
latter  as  cautioner,  1,500  acres. 


DOUBTS    AND    DELAYS.  1 43 

Harbert  McClellane,  of  Gregorie,  with  George  Murray,  of  Brochtoun,  as  cautioner, 
3yOoo  acres. 

a  7th  July,  1609,  Rcgistmm  p. 

743. 
Robert  Home,  of  Blackhillis,  brother  to  the  laird  of  Aytoun,  with  Mr.  John  Home,    Secret!  Concilii 

of  Swanscheill,  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

James  Stewart,  of  Rossyth,  with  William  Stewart,  of  Dunduff,  as  cautioner,  2,000 
acres. 

Ccorge  Hamilton,  of  Eist  Bynnie,  with  Mr.  Edward  Mershell,  Clerk  of  the  Commis- 
sariat of  Edinburgh,  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

Mr.  John  Finlasoun,  apparent  of  Killeith,  with  Mr.  John  Dunbar,  of  Avoch,  as 
<^tioner,  2,000  acres. 

]ohn  Johnstone,  bailie,  of  the  Water  of  Leith,  with  Daniel  Coutts,  in  Dairy  Mills,  as 
<^ntioner,  2,000  acres. 

Robert  Hamilton,  son   of  the  late  Gilbert  Hamilton,  with  Gavin  Hamilton,  of 

R^ploch,  as  cautioner,  2,000  acres. 

Vol 

4th  August,  1609,  Aug.,  1609. 

Aug.,  i6io* 
Thomas  Weir,  of  Kirktoun,  with  Stevin  Lockhart,  of  Wicketshaw,  as  cautioner,  2,000  fol.  26. 

acres. 

Thomas  Inglis,  of  Auldliston,  with  James  lord  Torphichen  as  cautioner,  1,000  acres. 

James  Tarbett,  servitor  to  AJexander  Earl  of  Dumfermline,  with  Thomas  Inglis, 
younger,  of  Auldliston,  as  cautioner,  1,000  acres. 

Alexander  Lauder,  son  to  William  Lauder,  in  Belhaven,  with  the  latter  as  cautioner, 
^,000  acres. 

Stevin  Lockhart,  of  Wicketshaw,  with  Thomas  Weir,  of  Kirktoun,  as  cautioner,  2,000 
acres. 

John  Wilkie,  burgess  of  Edinburgh,  with  James   Murray,  burgess  there,  cautioner, 
^,000  acres. 

14th  September,  1609,  fol.  77. 

Christopher  Alexander,  burgess  of  Stirling,  in  name  of  Robert  Alexander,  his  son, 
the  said  Christopher  being  cautioner,  1,000  acres. 


144  THE    PJLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

The  commissioners  appear  to  have  known  something  of  the  applicants  even  before  the 
Scottish  secretary  had  forwarded  his  *roir  of  names.  Indeed,  that  summer  of  1609  was  destined 
to  bring  grief  to  the  hopes  of  many  a  decayed  Scottish  laird  and  impoverished  gentleman,  for 
when  the  roll  aforesaid  reached  Salisbury,  he  lost  no  time  in  communicating  to  the  authorities 
north  of  the  Tweed  such  exceptions  as  had  been  takea  to  a  large  number  of  names  thereon.  So 
early  as  the  6th  of  August,  or  only  seven  days  after  the  date  of  Hay's  letter,  we  find  him  writing 
a  second  one  to  Salisbury,  which  is  introduced  in  the  following  terms : — "  Since  he  last  saw  his 
Ix)rdship,  has  received  by  packet  from  their  chancellor  a  roll  of  new  undertakers  for  Ireland, 
being  fnen  of  greater  stuff  and  ability  than  those  in  the  first  roll;  so  all  the  delay  in  this  business 
until  the  next  Spring  will  do  much  good,  for  their  council  will  accept  [receive]  surety  of  all  who 
offer  themselves  to  undertake.  And  when  order  shall  be  given  for  their  going  over,  then  the 
council  intends  to  select  such  as  are  of  the  greatest  ability ;  and  wherein  the  first  division  made 
the  most  part  of  undertakers  to  have  2,000  acres  apiece,  they  may  now  be  put  to  the  smallest 
proportion,  which  will  be  a  great  surety  to  the  service,  and  a  good  means  of  peopling  those  bounds. 
Has  written  to  the  Lord  Chancellor,  that  no  directions  for  going  over  can  be  expected  before  the 
Spring"  [of  16 10]. 

The  same  process,  of  weeding  out  superfluous  and  suspected  applicants  from  England  also^ 
was  attempted;  although,  afler  all  the  precaution  that  could  be  taken,  several  'Britons'  firom 
both  north  and  south  were  admitted,  who  turned  out  in  many  respects  but  sorry  planters^     For- 
tunately, there  have  been  lists  of  the  original  applicants  from  England,  also,  preserved  among  the 
State  Papers.     These  lists  contain  the  names  of  over  double  the  number  required,  the  applicants,  it 
will  be  observed,  presenting  themselves  in  consorts  or  companies,  each  company  having  an  influential  j 
or  popular  person  at  its  head.     Of  the  116  applicants  whose  names  appear  on  the  several  littig;: 
subjoined,  only  28  obtained  proportions  of  the  forfeited  lands.     The  largest  company  of  applicantiK 
was  one  offering  to  undertake  the  whole  available  lands  in  the  county  of  Fermanagh,  but 
itself  in  a  form  thus  incompatible  with  the  plantation  arrangements,  and  containing  the  names 
several  persons  who  failed  to  obtain  proportions.     This  first  list,  with  its  prefatory  letter,  is 
follows : — **  The  names  of  40  gentlemen  who  offer  to  bestow  40,000/.  on  the    plantation 
Fermanough.     Right  Honourable, — ^The  40  undertakers,  whose  names  are  hereunder  written, 
petitioners  for  a  grant  of  that  small  part  of  the  county  of  Sligo,  now  in  the  King's  hands, 
lies  between  the  end  of  Lough  Erne  and  the  sea;  as  they  intend  to  have  a  market  town  on  t 
south  side  thereof  at  Bellike,  and  from  thence,  three  miles  nearer  the  sea,  to  erect  a 
corporation.     This  part  of  Sligo  contains  about  three   miles,  being  a   piece   of  ground 
convenient  adjoining  the  sea,  for  the  necessary  use  of  the  inhabitants  of  that  corporation 
bringing  in  or  transporting  their  commodities  (27).    In  the  county  of  Fermanough  they  will  erec^ 
manors,  hoping  also  his  Lordship  will  grant  unto  them  60,000  acres,  the  Loughe,  Islands 
Fishings,  and  the   sole  command  thereof;  which  being  confirmed   to  them,   they,  with 

(S7).   Tfuir  commodities,— Tht  small  tract  between  the      stituted  a  part  of  Sligo^  now  bdongs  to  the  OOOB^ 
lower  end  of  Lough  Erne  and  the  sea,  which  once  con-      Donegal 


DOUBTS    AND    DELAYS.  I45 

followers,  not  less  than  1,000  able  men  well  furnished  for  all  kinds  of  handiwork,  would  choose 
Sir  Thomas  Chichester  [brother  to  Sir  Arthur]  with  six  assistances  [assistants]  for  one  year,  if  it  be 
to  his  Lordship's  [the  deputy's]  liking,  by  whose  advice,  and  all  their  own  endeavours,  they  will 
presently  address  themselves  to  the  planting  thereof,  and  crave  that  his  lordship  will  be  pleased 
to  patronise  it  with  whatever  name  or  title  he  likes.  Many  of  these  gentlemen  have  come  up' 
purposely  to  attend  his  pleasure  therein. 

Sir  Clement  Heigham,  of  Dyrhingham,  in  county  of  Norfolk. 
Sir  Thomas  Chichester,  in  Ireland. 
Sir  Thomas  Coney,  of  Stowe,  in  county  of  Lincoln. 
Christ  Sibthorpe,  one  of  the  judges  of  the  King's  Bench  in  Ireland. 
John  Thurston,  of  Hoxson,  in  county  of  Suffolk 
John  Archdale,  of  Darsham,  in  county  of  Suffolk. 
Thomas  Flowerdewe,  of  Hetherset,  in  county  of  Norfolk. 
John  Aldrige,  of  Norwiche. 

ThomsLS  Blenerhasset,  of  Horsford,  in  county  of  Norfolk. 
John  Dillan,  of  Aarstey  Park,  in  county  Suffolk. 
^cnry  Honyng,  of  DarSham,  in  county  Suffolk. 
-*^c>bert  Bogas,  of  Densham  Park,  in  county  Suffolk. 
•■^illiam  Torroulde,  of  Morden,  in  county  Lincolne. 
•^^ger  Dertsey,  of  Kertley,  in  county  Cambridge. 

'^ncis  Zacheverell,  of  Rorsbye,  in  county  Leicester. 
"^^^Hard  Harte,  of  Coutness,  in  county  Suffolk. 
J^Hn  Bruntowe,  of  Bamesbey,  in  county  Lincolne. 
Jolx^  Pollard,  in  Ireland. 

^^Tick  Hubardes,  in  Ireland,  merchant. 
^'^^rles  Chichester,  in  Ireland. 
J^hn  Crismas,  of  Coulchester,  in  county  Essex. 
"^^^t^rose  Upton,  of  Stowe,  in  county  Lincolne. 
J  ^Hn  Colby,  of  Layton,  in  county  Suffolk. 
^  illiam  Unwin,  of  London. 

-^cirian  VVatkins,  of  Thistlewell,  in  county  Middlesex. 
^  ^Iliam  Powell,  of  Tudberey,  in  county  Stafford,  one  of  the  ccjuerries  of  the  King's  stable, 
^^ichaell  Saltford,  of  the  Savoy. 
John  Noller,  of  Darsham,  in  county  Suffolk. 
^^^illiam  Carter,  of  Roughton,  in  county  Norfolk. 
^*illiam  Leche,  of  Paston,  in  county  Norfolk. 
"enry  Stanhaughe,  of  Norwich,  in  county  Norfolk, 
^^iell  Atkinson,  of  Dublin. 
John  Femoley,  of  ,  in  county  Norfolk. 

T 


146  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

William  Fokingham,  of  Hepringham,  in  county  Lincolne. 

Peter  Howe,  in  Howe,  in  Ireland. 

Isacke  Thomson,  of  Kellshall,  in  county  Suffolk. 

William  Bokenham,  Yoxford,  in  county  Suffolk. 

William  Collet,  of  Beckelles,  in  county  Suffolk. 

Thomas  Grimes,  of  ,  in  county  Norfolk. 

Matthew  Williams,  of  ,  in  county  Glocester. 

A  follower  of  Secretary  Harberd  [Herbert]. 

Mr.  Matchet,  of  Tremingham,  in  county  Norfolk. 

The  foregoing  list  was  probably  fonvarded  before  the  selection  movement,  as  several  following 
lists  contained  what  was  no  doubt  considered  an  important  item,  viz.,  the  amounts  of  the  applicants' 
annual  incomes,  as  stated,  of  course,  by  themselves.  Other  lists,  to  be  introduced  hereafter,  will 
show  how  many  in  these  several  consorts  or  companies  were  accepted  as  undertakers,  where  they 
were  located,  and  the  number  of  acres  allotted  to  each.  In  the  meantime,  the  following  additional 
lists  of  English  applicants  are  apjjended  : — 

"  A  Tabular  view  of  all  such  as  offer  to  become  Undertakers,    i.  The  names  of 

the  principal  undertakers,  with  their  consorts.     2.  Their  abilities  and  estates,  as 

themselves  allege.    3.  [Their  native  places].    4.  [The  number  of  acres]  desired. 
Sir  Henry  Hobert's  consort,  viz.  :. 

Sir  Henry  Hobert. 

John  Thurston,  Suffolk,  60  d/.  per  annum. 

Arthur  Everad,  Norfolk,  300/.  per  annum. 

Henry  Honinge,  Suffolk, . 

Thomas  Blenerhassett,  Norfolk,  1 20/.  per  annum. 

Robert  Bogas,  Suffolk,  240/.  per  annum. 

Thomas  Flowcrdue,  Norfolk,  200/.  per  annum. 

John  Archdale,  Suffolk,  200/.  per  annum. 

Richard  Harte,  one  of  his  Majesty's  Servants,  Suffolk,  50/.  per  annum. 

Sir  John  Aldridge,  Norfolk,  200/.  per  annum. 

John  Colby,  Suffolk,  200/.  per  annum. 

Isaac  Thomson,  Norfolk,  100/.  per  annum. 

William  Strutton,  Suffolk,  100/.  per  annum. 

Thomas  Cheyney,  Suffolk,  60/.  per  annum. 

Roger  Dersley,  Norfolk,  no/,  per  annum. 

15,000  acres,  Fermanagh. 
Sir  Marvin  Aud ley's  consort  : 

Sir  Mar\'in  Audley. 

Sir  Richard  Brooke. 

Edward  Blunte. 

11,000  acres,  Omey. 


i 


DOUBTS     AND    DELAYS. 


A47 


Sir  Maurice  Barckley's  consort  : 

Sir  Maurice  Barckley,  Somerset, 
Sir  Dudley  Digges,  Kent,   ... 
Robert  Dillon,  Northampton, 
William  Powell,  Stafford,     ... 
John  Dillon,  Stafford, 
Edward  Russell, 

Onealand,  or  Liffer. 

"Sir  Francis  Anderson's  consort : 

Sir  Francis  Anderson,  Bedford,  2,000/.  jkt  annum. 
Sir  William  Lovell,  Kent,  per  annnm,  2,000  acres. 

John  Fish,  Bedford,  300/.  per  annum,  2,000  acres. 
John  Allin,  Bedford,  300/.  per  annum. 
Edmund  Anderson,  Bedford,  100/.  in  goods,  1,000  acres. 
Francis  Sachinwell,  Leicester,  300/.  jx^r  annum,  2,000  acres. 

John  Bro^vnlowe,  Nottingham,  150/.  per  annum,  2,000  acres. 

Onealand. 

^ir  William  Harmon's  consort : 
Sir  William  Harmon, 
William  Wilson,  Suffolk,     ... 
Thomas  Wilson,  Suffolk,     ... 
Roger  Garrett,  Suffolk, 
Henry  "Shepheard,  merchant, 
William  Clyston,  Somerset, 
Humphrey  Walker,  Somerset, 
Thomas  Stanton, 
Henry  Moye,    ... 
Sir  Thomas  Cornwall's  Consort : 
Sir  Thomas  Cornwall, 
Edward  Cornwall,  -     ... 

Gilbert  Cornwall, 
Thomas  Cornwall, 
George  Cornwall, 
Robert  Cornwall, 
James  Cornwall, 

Liffer. 
Sir  John  Maller\'e's  consort  : 

Sir  John  Mallery,  York,  1,000/.  per  annum,  2,000  acre?. 
Beckingham  Butler,  Hatford,  400/.  per  annum,  2,000  acres. 


4,oco  acres. 
2,000  acres. 
4,000  acres. 
2,000  acres. 
2,000  acres. 
2,ooo  acres. 


2,000  acres. 
1,000  acres. 
1,000  acres. 
1,000  acres. 
1,500  acres. 


2,000  acres. 
1,000  acres. 


acres, 
acres, 
acres. 
2,000  acres, 
acres, 
acres, 
acres. 


2.000 
2,000 


2,000 


2,000 


2,000 


2,000 


148  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

Stephen  Butler,  Bedford,  1,500/.  his  estate,  2,000  acres. 
LawTence  Warren,  Hatford,  300/.  in  silver^  20/.  per  annum,  1,000  acres. 
Thomas  Woode,  York,  1,600/.  in  silver,  2,000  acres. 
William  Wake,  London,  2,000/.  his  estate,  2,000  acres. 
Thomas  Johnson,  York,  150/.  per  annum,  400/.  silver,  2,000  acres. 
Charles  Ellye,  York,  1,000/.  in  leases  and  silver. 
John  Richeson,  York,  1,000/.  his  estate,  2,000  acres. 
Thomas  Composte,  York,  300/.  per  annum,  2,000  acres. 

Ardmagh. 

Sir  William  Monson's  consort  : 

Sir  William  Monson,  1,000  acres. 
John  Bamewall,  Gray's  Inn,  1,000  acres. 
Matthew  Southwell,  in  behalf  of  Thomas  St.  Law,  2,000. 
Richard  Dawtry,  Suffolk,  2,000  acres. 
James  Matchett,  clerk  and  preacher,  1,000  acres. 
William  Brower,  Suffolk,  1,000  acres. 
Nicholas  Howarde,  Suffolke,  1,000  acres. 
Edward  Rivett,  merchant,  Suffolk,  1,000  acres. 
Richard  Wrighte,  merchant,  London,  1,000  acres. 

Onealand. 

I^ofd  Saye's  consort : 

Lord  Saye,  4,000  acres. 

Eklward  Warde,  Suffolk,  400/.  per  annum,  1,000  acres. 

William  Stanhowe,  and  Henry,  his  son,  Norfolk,  150/.  per  annunL,  500/.  goods,  2, 
acres. 

Joseph  Warde,  Norfolk,  2,000/.  goods,  1,000  acres. 

William  Warde,  goldsmith,  London,  4,000/.  goods,  1,000  acres. 

Michael  Saltforde,  for  himself  and  Nicholas  Whiting,  500/.  goods,  1,000  acres. 

James  Matchett,  Norfolk,  84/.  per  annum,  200/.  goods,  1,000  acres. 

Richard  Roleston,  Stafford,  500/.  goods,  100/.  per  annum,  1,000  acres. 

Jeffery  Money,  Norfolk,  40/.  per  annum,  goods  200/.,  1,000  acres. 

Richard  Matchett,  Norfolk,  40/.  per  annum,  200/.  goods,  1,000  acres. 

William  Banister,  of  South warke,  grocer,  London,  700/.  goods,  i,ood  acres. 

Edmund  Caston,  London,  300/.  goods,  1,000  acres.  . 

Onealande  only. 
Sir  Henry  Holmes'  consort : 

Sir  Henry  Holmes,  4,000  acres. 

Sir  Henry  Clare,  4,000  acres. 

Symon  Muskett,  Gray's  Inn,  200  marks  per  annum,  1,000  acres. 


DOUBTS     AND    DELAYS.  1 49 

>thy  Castleton,  Norfolk,  200  marks  per  annum,  2,000  acres. 
Taylor,  Cambridge,  200  marks  per  annum,  2,000  acres, 
im  Carter,  Norfolk,  200  marks  per  annum,  2,000  acres, 
las  Stone,  merchant,  Oxford,  50/.  per  annum,  1,000  acres. 

Cavan. 

[enry  Docwra,  4,000  acres,  Liffer. 

obert  Crosse,  2,000  acres. 

ellus  Rivers,  2,000  acres,  Ardmagh  or  Tyrone. 

y  Sackforde,  2,000  acres,  Oi\eaIand. 

[ugh  Wirrall,  200/.  per  annum,  2,000  acres. 

Wirrall,  50/.  per  annum,  2,000  acres. 

las  Mountfort,  1,000/.  in  goods,  2,000  acres. 

glish  candidates  for  lands  in  Ulster  affected  more  generally  the  county  of  Armagh 
le  others,  because  it  was  better  known,  and  possessed  several  superior  attractions 
tiers,  one  of  which  attractions  probably  consisted  in  its  contiguity  to  the  Pale. 

'd  reason  for  twelve  months'  delay  before  commencing  to  plant  was  a  very  cogent 
ritons,  although  it  may  have  been  to  some  extent  employed  by  the  commissioners 
^-bear.  It  was  put  forward,  however,  by  the  latter,  in  the  following  terms  : — "  There 
*port  in  England,  and  a  strong  expectation  in  Ireland,  that  the  Earl  of  Tyrone,  or 
raw  certain  forces  into  Ulster  this  summer  [1609],  which  is  no  small  discouragement 
tion,  and  will  not  be  cleared  until  experience  hath  satisfied  the  same.**  There 
,  indeed,  constantly  afloat  on  this  subject,  which  shook  the  native  population 
tensely  and  alarmingly  at  some  times  than  others.  These  rumours,  however,  if 
elay  in  1609,  were  still  stronger  *  reasons*  in  16 10,  and  even  in  later  years,  because 
.tening  in  character.  They  were  generally  carried  from  the  continent  to  England 
I  thence  to  this  country  by  priests,  and  were  true  only  in  their  being  faithful 
le  sentiments  and  feelings  of  the  narrators.  They  inspired  hope  or  fear  in  Ulster, 
t  Ireland,  just  as  the  listeners  happened  to  be  Irish  or  British.  Very  many  retailers 
i  from  abroad  were  examined  from  time  to  time  by  order  of  the  Irish  executive, 
Papers  of  the  period  literally  teem  with  depositions,  generally  of  a  very  ludicrous 
nt  character.  The  deputy,  however,  was  thus  kept  in  a  state  of  constant  fear  of 
irst  and  indeed  only  gleam  of  comfort  coming  about  twelve  months  after  the  escape  of 
tnd  consisting  of  an  authentic  account,  from  Lord  Salisbury,  of  the  death  of  the  youthful 
nell.  Chichester  seems  to  have  breathed  more  freely  for  a  time ;  and  when  writing 
the  nth  of  September,  1608,  he  refers  to  TyrconnelFs  death  as  "welcome  news," 
ords  however,  which  prove  that  he  was  but  ill  at  ease  after  all — "Tyrone's  [death] 
welcome,  by  as  much  as  he  has  done  more  mischief,  and  is  known  to  be  more 
in  Tyrconnell].     The  latter  died  when  he  was  about  a  year  in  exile,  and  was  followed 


ISO 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


to  the  grave  in  a  few  weeks  by  his  brother  Cathbar.     TjTconnell  was  only  32  years  of  age,  and 
Cathbar  twenty-five. 

Of  the  rumours  about  the  return  of  Tyrone,  we  have  a  fair  specimen  in  the  story  of  a  man 
appropriately  named  Teig  O'Falstaf,  who  had  returned  from  Spain  to  visit  his  native  Cork,  and 
whilst  there  alarmed  the. authorities  by  such  statements  as  the  following  : — "There  is  now  [1608] a 
great  fleet  to  be  furnished  out,  and  the  armadoes  of  Gillitia  and  Portugal  were  sent  for  to  come  to 
the  Groyen  [Corunna].     All  the  Irish  [on  the  continent]  are  hopeful  of  their  coming  for  Ireland 
very  shortly ;  there  is  so  great  store  of  ruske  [biscuits]  to  be  baked,  and  such  means  made  for  the 
levy  of  men,  as  draws  an  extraordinary  charge  on  the  King  [of  Spain],  and  many  ears  to  hearken 
to  the  purpose  thereof;  but  the  people  [of  Spain]  bear  their  burden  in  this  business  with  more 
alacrity  than  they  were  wont  in  the  former  preparations."    On  the  other  hand,  as  a  specimen  of  the 
many  counter-blasts  blown  at  this  time,  in  reply  to  such  stories  as  that  of  Mr.  O'Falstaf,  we  may 
quote  from  a  letter  of  Sir  Charles  Comwallis,  a  very  much  trusted  English  agent  at  Madrid.    This 
gentleman  informs  the  council  in  London  that,  having  obtained  a  hearing  from  certain  high  officals 
of  the  Spanish  government,  he  did  not  fail  to  make  "known  to  them  the  true  state  ofaf!ainit^ 
Ireland.     "Former  kings  of  England,"  he  said  "  would  rather  for  rooting  out  so  savage  a  people  [^ 
the  Ulster  Irish],  have  used  the  means  taken  by  the  Kings  of  Spain  in  the  Indies;  or  those  emplqjr^d 
with  the  Moors  in  removing  them  from  their  retreats,  and  scattering  them  in  other  parts  of  lus 
kingdom,  till  their  brutish  and  wild  condition  should  be  aliened  from  them.     But  the  King  Us 
master  had  now  taken  so  good  order  in  it  [Ireland],  and  especially  in  the  wild  and  savage  puts 
[Ulster],  that  he  doubted  not  they  were  already  made  secure  from  these  ragged  rebels.     The  Iitth 
fugitives  [Tyrone  and  others]  from  what  he  hears  have  of  late  received  such  cold  comfort  heie 
and  elsewhere,  and  have  so  much  tasted  God's  hand  in  chastisement  of  their  treason  and  midked- 
ness,  that  they  despair  of  the  success  they  hoped,  and  will  take  to  their  beads,  and  think  no  more 
of  return  into  Ireland"  (28). 

About  the  time  when  the  actual  plantation  began,  the  Irish  of  Ulster  naturally  became  wok 
despairing  and  more  to  be  suspected  than  at  other  periods.  The  hope  of  deliverance  by  the  retunio^ 
O'Neill,  with  an  army  of  Irish  and  Spaniards,  seems  then  to  have  taken  complete  possession  of  thcnt 
It  was  found  that  O'Neill  had  been  in  correspondence  with  some  of  his  kinsmen  in  Ulster,  and  ft 
was  inferred  that  his  letters  could  have  no  other  object  than  the  discussion  of  his  contemplalied 
return.  In  the  June  of  1609,  the  bishop  of  Limerick  wTOte  to  Chichester,  stating  that  he  hadpioo^ 
that  the  Earl  of  Tyrone  had  actually  sent  letters  **to  Brian,  the  son  of  Hugh  Oge  M'Mahon;toSif 


(28).  /m/o  Ireland. — Sir  Charles  Comwallis,  the  writer 
•of  the  foregoing  letter,  was  second  son  of  Sir  Thomas 
Comwallis,  comptroller  of  the  household  to  Queen  Marj'. 
Sir  Charles  was  ambassador  to  Spain  in  1604,  and  after- 
wards from  1608  to  1610.  Whilst  the  Irish  exiles  in 
Spain  had  **  taken  to  their  Ixiads,"  their  abusive  critic 
had  taken  to  something  even  worse  and  more  dangerous, 
for  he  had  no  sooner  rctumed  to  England,  in  161 1,  than 
he  entered  on  an  extensive  system  of  peculation.  In 
161 7,  he  was  brought  before  the  Star  Chamber  to  answer 


for  his  conduct  as  collector  of  privy  seals  in  NoiiiQik  ti4 
Suffolk  in  161 1,  in  detaining  the  money  five  yean  (oki 
compelled  to  surrender  it),  and  giving  no  account  oft 
large  portion  of  what  was  levied.     Hu  reference  to  Aft 
*  Ijeads'  is  curious,  his  sister  Anna  being  a  rigid  Catbolk. 
This  lady  married  the  7ih  Earl  of  Argyle  in  i6u\  wk 
influenced  him  not  only  to  desert  his  presbyterianim  fat 
her  popery,  but  to  renounce  his  allegiance  to  King] 
and  enter  the  service  of  the  King  of  Spain. 


DOUBTS-    AND    DELAYS. 


151 


Arthur  Magennis ;    to   Donagh   McSwine   Banagh ;   to  Raynall   McSourlah    McConnell,  lord  of 

Downelis  [Sir  Randal  Macdonnell  of  Dunluce],  who  as  he  [the  informant]  says,  married  a  third 

daughter  of  Tyrone,  as  the  two  first  (29) ;  and  to  Connor  O'Reagh  [Roe]  McGuire  of  Fermanagh." 

There  was  nothing,  to  be  sure,  very  remarkable  in  the  fact  that  the  aged  exile  should  write  at  times  to 

the  husbands  of  his  daughters,  or  to  his  cousin,  Connor  Roe  Maguire  ;  but  when  taken  in  connection 

with  information  supplied  to  the  Bishop  of  Limerick  by  a  young  fellow  named  Donnough  OTowell, 

it  appears  to  have  become  irresistible  as  evidence  of  immediate  invasion.     The  bishop's  story  is,  that 

OTowell  told  him  he  had  heard  Teig  O'Holohan  say  to  Thomas  Fitzedmund,  a  fair-spoken  friar,  that 

"there  were  three  great  armies  preparing  in  Italy  and  Spain,  one  whereof  is  for  England,  another  for 

Scotland,  and  the  third  for  Ireland.     After  this  he  [OTowell]  delivered  the  name  of  one  David 

Craflforde,  Scottishman,  whose  father,  Owen  CrafTorde,  and  his  mother,  likewise,  dwell  both  in 

DownygalL     This  CrafTorde  was  servant  and  butler  to  the  late  Earl  of  Tyrconnell,  when  he  left 

Ireland  and  went  over  into  France,  and  so  forward ;  which  said  David  CrafTord  landed  awhile  since, 

about  the  29th  of  April  last,  at  Killybeg,  in  the  north,  and  the  same  night  he  landed  he  lay  in  the 

house  of  one  Owen  McGettighan,  in  the  county  of  DownygalL     From  thence,  they  passed  to 

Fermanagh,  in  Maguire's  country ;   and  the  morning  after  came  to  Brian  McMahon's  house,  who 

married  one  of  Tyrone's  daughters,  and  then  to  Arthroe  McEnys*s  [Sir  Arthur  Magennis']  house,  who 

likewise  married  another  of  Tyrone's  daughters.     Sure  he  is  that  he  came  from  the  Earl  of  Tyrone, 

to  warn  all  noblemen,  gentlemen,  and  others  that  wish  well  to  Tyrone,  and  would  hold  and  stand  for 

the  Catholic  religion,  to  be  in  readiness.     His  knowledge  of  all  this  came  by  a  sister's  son  of  David 

Craflforde's,  who  is  a  friar  in  this  company.     This  confession  being  thus  made,  he  took  a  book  and 

protested  of  himself  that  it  was  true  in  every  point ;  or  else  wished  he  might  be  hanged  if  it  proved 

not  so." 

There  is  no  doubt  that,  had  T)Tone,  or  any  Irish  leader  in  his  name,  then  unfurled  the  banner 


(29).  The  two  first.-  The  Earl  of  Tyrone  had  at  least 

«ght  sons-in-law,  who  were  well  known  and  even  distin- 

piishcd  in  their  generation.     These  ^were  Lord  Mount- 

piet,  Hugh  Roe  O'Donnell,  Sir  Arthur  Magennis,  Sir 

Brian  McMahon,  Sir  Randal  Macdonnell,  Sir  Henry  Oge 

O^Neill,  Sir  Hugh  Maguire,  and   Sir  Donnell  Ballagh 

9'Calian.     Lady   Mountgarret   was   the   eldest   of   the 

^^  sisters,    her    Christian    name    being    Margaret  ; 

^dy  Maiy  married  Sir  Rosse  McMahon,  and  afterwards 

Sir  Brian  McMahon,  who   was   much  older  than   she, 

*wl  who  is  described  in   1608  as   **  grown  to  be  every 

'l^y  heavy  with  surfeit ; "  Lady  Sarah,  married  to  Ma- 

puiis,  is  spoken  of  in  1603,  by  the  well-known  Sir  Josias 

*^cy,  as  "a  truly  beautiful  woman  ;*'  Lady  Ellis,  or 

Alice,  was  married  to  Sir  Randal  Macdonnell,  about  the 

year  1604  ;  Lady  Maguire  died  probably  before  her  hus- 

land,  as  we  hear  nothing  of  her  after  his  death,  although 

Aer  son  is  mentioned ;  of  the  lady  of  Sir  Henry   Oge 

O'Neill,  we  have  met  with  no  record  ;  Lady  O'Cahan's 

sorrows  are  too  well  known,  but  we  have  not  been  able 

to  ascertain  her  Christian  name.     Until  the  calendaring 

t>f  the  Carew  MSS.   it  was  not  known  that  Hugh  Roe 

O'Donnell  was  a  son-in-law  of  Tyrone.     The  following 

/ettcr  from  the  earl,  however,    i)laces  the  fact  beyond 


dispute: — **I  have  written  unto  your  Lordship  before 
your  last  return  from  Flanders,  declaring  unto  ^ou 
that  O'Donnell's  son,  called  Hugh  O'Donnell,  who 
hath  married  my  daughter,  is  kept  as  a  prisoner  in  the 
castle  of  Dublin,  and  desire  your  honour  to  be  a  mean 
not  only  for  the  enlargement  of  him  upon  such  security 
as  my  letters  sent  then  unto  the  council  there  did  specify, 
but  also  that  I  might  enjoy  such  governments  and  other 
maintenance  as  I  had  before  my  going  hither.  As  I 
hear  nothing  of  the  success  of  my  petitions,  I  again  crave 
your  especial  favour.  If  anything  be  reported  of  me 
there  otherwise  than  well,  be  a  mean  to  suspend  judg- 
ment of  me  until  I  come  thither  myself  or  send  my  agent. 
Ever  since  I  brought  over  your  letters  to  the  now  Lord 
Deputy  on  my  behalf,  I  have  not  been  favoured,  but 
rather  crossly  dealt  withal.  1  beseech  your  Lordship, 
lest  that  this  letter  might  breed  me  any  prejudice  (if  it  were 
openly  known),  that  your  Honour  break  [tear]  the  same 
presently  when  you  have  read  the  same  i  1  Dublin." 
(Carew  MSS.^  < 575" < 588,  p.  461.)  The  above  is  the 
substance  of  a  communication  addressed  by  the  Earl  of 
Tyrone  to  the  Earl  of  Leicester,  on  the  24th  of  February, 
1588. 


152  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

of  revolt  in  Ulster,  the  *  swordmen'  and  other  able-bodied  natives,  would  have  joined  him  to  a  man. 
Even  irrespective  of  their  lingering  love  of  the  "  lost  cause,"  they  were  generally  disgusted  to  hear 
of  the  scraps  of  their  own  soil  which  were  to  be  doled  out  amongst  them, — ^and  in  other  dreaiy 
places,  too,  at  a  distance  from  their  native  districts.     Their  sentiments,  indeed,  are  truly  enough 
described  in  the  following  extract  of  a  letter  from  Sir  Toby  Caulfield  to  Chichester,  written  in  the 
month  of  June,  16 10  : — "  Reports  his  ill  success  in  the  prosecution  of  woodkeme.     Tlkerg  is  m 
hope  of  the  people  since  the  news  of  the  plantation,  divulged  by  Sir  Tirlagh  McHenry  [OTfeSI^  of 
the  Fewes]  and  the  rest  lately  arrived  from  England,  that  it  will  shortly  be  many  of  their  cases  to 
be  woodkeme  out  of  necessity,  no  other  means  being  left  them  to  keep  a  being  in  this  worid,  than 
to  live  as  long  as  they  can  by  scrambling.      They  have  a  report  that  an  ambassador^  newly 
arrived  in  England  from  Spain,  is  treating  for  the  pardoning  of  the  earl  and  restoration  to  his 
lands,  which  being  refused,  a  war  will  ensue.     They  also  hope  that,  the  summer  being  spent,  before 
the  commissioners  [for  the  removal  of  the  natives]  come  down,  so  great  cruelty  will  not  he  offend 
as  to  remove  them  from  their  houses  upon  the  edge  of  winter,  and  in  the  very  season  when  they 
are  to  supply  themselves  in  making  their  harvest.     And  they  think  that,  by  the  next  spring,  if  ever 
Tyrone  can  or  will  come,  he  will  wait  for  no  longer  time,  since  delays  and  further  deferring  cannoi 
be  less  prejudice  to  him  than  the  utter  ruin  and  extirpation  of  his  dearest  friends.     They  hold 
discourse  among  themselves,  that  if  this  course  [their  expulsion  from  their  houses  and  lands]  had 
been  taken  with  them  in  war  time,  it  had  had  some  colour  of  justice ;  but  they  having  been 
pardoned  and  their  lands  given  them  [in  1603],  and  having  lived  under  law  ever  since,  and  being 
ready  to  submit  themselves  to  mercy  for  any  offence  they  can  be  charged  with  since  tbdr 
pardoning,  they  conclude  it  to  be  the  greatest  cruelty  that  was  ever  inflicted  on  any  people.    Takes 
leave  to  assure  him  [Chichester]  there  is  not  a  more  discontented  people  in  Christendom." 

But  there  remained  a  fourth  very  obvious  *  reason'  for  patience  on  the  part  of  the  British 
undertakers,  arising  from  the  fact  that  the  commissioners  of  plantation  had  a  varied  and  prodigioiis 
work  to  get  through,  after  a  fashion  at  least,  during  the  summer  of  1609.    For  this  reason,  espedaUff 
therefore,  they  warned  the  undertakers,  even  although  they  might  be  able  to  take  out  their  patents  in 
the  summer  of  1609,  to  remain  in  their  own  countries  until  the  following  spring.  Their  coming  sooiK' 
would  only  impede  the  work  of  the  commissioners,  and  entail  expenses — perhaps  something  lorsc 
upon  themselves.     **If,"  say  the  commissioners,  "the  undertakers  shall  repair  thither  this  sumni^ 
[1609],  they  will  be  forced  to  attend  the  execution  [await  the  completion  of  the  commissioDCfs' 
labours]  which  cannot  be  done  before  Michaelmas  at  the  soonest,  the  same  being  to  be  sped  in  ^ 
counties  ;  so  that  they  [the  undertakers]  will  not  only  spend  their  stock  by  lingering  all  the  summ^ 
in  a  country  where  is  neither  lodging  nor  provision  for  them,  but  may  also  by  contrary  weather  be 
compelled  to  spend  a  great  part  of  the  winter  time  in  that  kingdom,  by  which  they  may  be  dis- 
appointed of  the  next  summer's  preparation.     Whereas,  now  [1609]  all  things  will  be  so  made  ia 
readiness  against  next  spring,  that  the  undertakers  may,  in  the  beginning  of  the  season,  enter  into 
and  sit  down,  every  man  in  his  proportion,  and  have  the  summer  before  them  for  preparatioii  of 
building  and  other  supplies." 


[i53j 


Chapter  V. — The  Commissioners  of  Plantation  at  Work. 


I. 

|E  have  already  mentioned  the  move  of  the  commissioners,  with  their  attendant  military 

force,  from  Dublin  to  Dundalk,  on  the  31st  of  July,  1609,  and  also  the  preparations 

that  had  been  previously  made  for  their  comfort  on  the  northern  journey  (see  p.  1 24). 

One  of  themselves,  (i)  fortunately,  took  the  trouble  of  noting  down  the  dates  of  their 

moving  from  place  to  place,  and  some  other  incidents  connected  with  that  memorable  sojourn  in 

Ulster.     The  heading  of  his  notes  is  too  pretentious,  however,  and  calculated  to  excite  higher 

hopes  than  readers  are  likely  to  realise.     His  paper  is  styled  A  Relation  of  the  Proceedings  of  the 

lord  Deputy  and  the  rest  in  Ireland^  from  ^1  July  to  30  September^  when  the  camp  ufas  discharged. 

TTus  title  implies  very  much  more  than  the  scribe  has  performed ;  but  we  are  grateful  in  a  case  of 

this  kind  even  for  small  mercies,  and  his  notes,  although  meagre,  will  be  interesting  by  the  way. 

The  commissioners,  according  to  this  *  Relation,'  remained  two  days  in  Dundalk,  and  during 
that  time  were  employed,  principally,  in  arranging  their  subsequent  course  of  procedure.  "  In 
every  county,"  we  are  told,  "  they  were  to  summon  the  assizes,  wereunto  all  people  of  any  worth 
osed  to  resort ;  of  whom  they  were  to  swear  some  for  the  grand  jury ;  others  chosen  of  every 
harony  for  a  jury  of  survey  or  inquiry  what  ecclesiastical  lands,  tenements,  or  hereditaments  the 
deigy  had  in  every  parish  within  each  county,  and  by  what  title ;  what  lands  and  tenements 
belonged  to  the  King's  Majesty ;  and  other  articles  prescribed  from  his  Majesty.  And,  also,  they 
agreed  to  select  out  of  every  barony  men  that  were  able  ^o  nominate,  meere,  and  bound  every 
parish,  balliboe,  or  ballybetagh ;  and  these  were  to  attend  Sir  Josias  Bodley  (2)  and  the  surveyor 
(3)1  who  were  to  make  card  [chart  or  map]  of  every  country."    Thus,  in  addition  to  the  regular 


(l).  Of  themselves, — This  was  Sir  Humphrey  Winche, 
"^  was  chief  baron  of  the  exchequer,  but  had  then 
'J^ntly  succeeded  Sir  James  Ley  as  chief  justice.  Chi- 
«ttter,  writing  to  Salisbury,  in  Dec,  1608,  says — **  Sir 
j^onaphrey  Winch,  chief  baron  of  the  exchequer  here, 
"•Jf  wen  informed  from  thence  that  Sir  James  Ley,  the 
"'^cf  justice,  is  to  be  preferred  to  some  place  there,  and 
*J  return  no  more  hither.  Perceives  by  him  [Winche] 
JJ*t  he  better  affects  the  place  of  chief  justice  than  this 
^  the  exchequer.  He  is  a  learned  and  upright  gentle- 
^'^  Is  of  opinion  that  a  more  fit  man  can  hardly  be 
*nt  from  thence  ;  if  there  be  any  such  exchange,  a  man 
*^  experienced  in  the  course  of  the  exchequer  there 
uoold  succeed  him,  for  his  carriage  in  that  court  must 
^^  [greater]  profit  to  his  Majesty  than  any  [chosen]  in 
this  kingdom." 

(2).  Bodley. — Sir  Josias  Bodley,  so  well  known   in 

Ulster  at  the  period  referred  to  as  a  builder  and  mender 

of  Ibrts,  an  architect   and  engineer,   was  the  fifth  and 

youngest  son  of  John  Bodley,  gent.,  and  brother  of  that 

Svt  Tnomas  Bodley  whose  name  will  be  ever  memorable 

as  the  founder  of  the  library  at  Oxford  known  as  the 

U 


Bodleian,  After  the  defeat  of  the  English  at  the  Black - 
water,  on  the  loth  of  August,  1598,  a  reinforcement  was 
sent  to  Ireland  of  more  than  1,000  men,  who  had  been 
drawn  home  from  the  Low  Countries,  and  were  placed 
under  the  command  of  Sir  Samuel  Bagenal  as  colonel, 
with  nine  captains,  Bodley  being  second  on  the  list.  He 
distinguished  himself  as  an  active  and  intelligent  officer, 
but  did  not  prosper  in  worldly  matters  so  well  as  many 
who  were  much  less  deserving.  Robert,  the  second 
Devereux  E^l  of  Essex,  had  strenuously  recommended 
Sir  Thomas  Bodley,  the  eldest  brother,  to  be  secretary, 
instead  of  Robert  Cecil,  who,  as  E^rl  of  Salisbury,  was 
prime  minister  of  James  I.,  and  who,  as  such,  had  the 
conferring  of  patents  of  the  forfeited  lands  in  Ulster  on 
Sir  Josias  Bodley's  brother  officers ;  but  no  good  things 
in  the  scramble  fell  in  his  way.  Bodley  afterwards  com- 
plained of  unfair  treatment,  in  several  letters  addressed  to 
Sir  Michael  Hicks,  Salisbury's  secretary.  See  Ulster 
JoumeU  of  Archaologyj  vol.  ii.,  pp.  97,  98. 

(3).  The  surveyor, — The  surveyor-general  at  this  time 
was  William  Parsons,  who  came  to  Ireland  as  a  penniless 
adventurer,  and,  unlike  Sir  Josias  Bodley,  soon  enriched 
himself  on  the  spoils  then  so  abundantly  provided  by 


154 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


routine  of  holding  an  assize  in  each  county,  there  were  certain  other  duties  of  a  much  more 
laborious  nature.     Of  these,  the  first  and  most  important  was,  to  hold  an  inquisition  in  each  of  the 
six  counties,  for  the  purpose  of  distinguishing  more  correctly  than  had  been  done  by  the  former 
commission,  between  the  crown  and  ecclesiastical  lands.    "  The  commissioners,"  according  to  their 
own  account  published  in  the  month  of  May,  **  may  this  summer  proceed  to  make  a  more  exact 
survey  than  the  former  was,   wherein  they    may   supply   the   omissions,  assure  the  quantitiei^ 
divide  and  plot  the  proportions,  and  make  a  model  ready  for  casting  the  lots.     By  reason  of  die 
monastery  lands,  termon  lands,  bishops'  lands,  and  church  lands,  which  lie  intermixed  widi  die 
escheated  lands,  the  casting  out  of  the  proportions  will  become  very  difficult"    Another,  and 
certainly  a  not  less  important  labour  was  to  arrive  at  something  approaching  to,  if  not  altogether  an 
accurate,  admeasurement  of  the  lands.    The  great  precincts  or  baronies  were  to  be  truly  described 
in  separate  maps  or  charts — a  work  which  was  to  be  done,  not  only  by  viewing  every  barony  or 
precinct  in  succession,  but  by  information  gathered  from  the  intelligent  inhabitants  in  each  district, 
verified  by  personal  observation  and  experiment     This  part  of  the  commissioners'  labours  was 
expected  to  be  so  exactly  performed,  that  the  name  and  situation  of  every  ballyboe,  tate,  quarter, 
and  poll,  would  be  preserved  and  expressed  ;  and  not  only  so,  but  the  name  of  every  lake,  rivcr^ 
brook,  wood,  bog,  fort,  and  any  other  landmark  throughout  the  entire  region  the  commissioneK^ 
were  then  to  traverse. 

Preliminaries  being  thus  satisfactorily  arranged,  the  commissioners  came  northward  from  Dial's: 
dalk  at  the  head  of  a  formidable  army,  commencing  their  march  on  the  morning  of  the  third  < 
August.  The  weather,  strangely  enough  at  that  season,  was  stormy,  ^nd  the  North,  no  doubt,  lool 
characteristically  *  black.'  The  day  was  so  wet,  or  as  the  chronicler  expresses  it,  so  *foul,'  that 
party  were  obliged  to  pitch  their  camp  "in  the  midst  of  the  Fewes," — ^a  rather  indefinite  descriptS^ 
of  their  place  of  encampment  "The  next  morning,"  we  are  told,  "they  rose  and  passed  tl 
the  rest  of  the  Fewes,  a  long  march,  and  pitched  their  tents  within  four  miles  of  Armagh." 

At   an   earlier   period,   military  expeditions   coming   northward   invariably  took   the 
leading  from  Dundalk  through  the  level  district  of  Cooley  [the  ancient  Cuailgne],  to  Carlinglordl 


confiscation.  In  1602,  he  succeeded  Sir  Geoffry  Fenton 
as  surveyor-general  of  Ireland  ;  and  in  1620,  on  present- 
ing to  the  King  surveys  of  escheated  estates,  he  received 
the  honour  of  knighthood,  and  was  created  a  baronet  in 
the  same  year.  He  obtained  large  grants  of  land  in  the 
counties  of  Wicklow,  Kildare,  Meath,  Cavan,  Cork, 
Tipperary,  Limerick,  and  Fermanagh.  Sir  Edward  Bra- 
bazon,  an  honest  outspoken  privy  councillor  in  Ireland, 
writing  to  Salisbury,  in  March,  1610,  says: — **The 
general  surveyor  [Parsons],  now  in  England  with  the 
Treasurer,  has  raised  his  fortunes  from  nothing  to  great 
estate ;  he  is  sometimes  the  escheator*s  deputy,  and 
thereby  cheatcth  well  for  himself  and  his  friends.  About 
three  years  past  he  procured  his  pardon,  and  at  this 
moment  he  nas  his  bant  signed  for  another  pardon." 
Parsons  had  been  guilty  of  acts  in  his  offices  of  surveyor 
and  deputy  escheator  which  might  at  some  time  have 
thoroughly  compromised   him,  but    for    the  protection 


afforded  by  these  pardons.     "  The  HumbU 
of  the  Northern  Catholics  of  Ireland  now  [1641]  mmi 
contains  the  following  passage  in  reference  to  this  mm'^ 
deeds  :— *<  The  said  Sir  WUliam  Parsons  hath  ben  « 
mean  to  supplant  out  cf  their  ancient  possessioos  anci 
inheritances  many  of  tlie  inhabitants  of  this  realm  1900 
old  feigned  titles  of  three  hundred  years  past,  aad  kc 
thereupon  procured  the  disposing  of  their  lands  \f$  v^ 
of  plantation ;  but  he  having  the  survey  and  meaflniiC 
thereof,  did  most  partially  and  corruptly  survey  the  WMb 
making  [representmg]  the  best  land  waste  and  unpnib 
able  in  his  survey,  and  in  the  admeasurement  did  redice 
more  than  the  half  of  these  plantations  to  fimctioiis 
an  himdred  acres,  being  of  far  greater  measure  ;  of 
fractions  the  natives,   antient  possessors  thereof 
wholly  defeated,  and  your  Majesty  not  answered 
any  rent  or  other  consideration,  but  the  tame  wholly 
posed  of  by  the  said  Panons  for  his  prhrmte  Increi'* 


THE   COMMISSIONERS   OF   PLANTATION   AT  WORK.  1 55 

and  thence  along  the  southern  shore  of  the  lough  to  Newry.     The  coast,  from  the  head  of 

I>iindalk  bay,  is  nearly  all  a  sandy  beach,  left  dry  over  a  breadth  of  between  one  and  two 

miles,  and  forming  the  edge  or  rim  of  a  slowly  sloping  expanse  of  inland  country.      The 

upper   or   inland   road    from   Dundalk   northward,    lay    along   the   Fews   mountains,    'a  long 

march,'  for  the  ancient  territory  of  the  Fews  [now  comprised  in  the  two  modem  baronies  of 

the  same  name],  was  seventeen  miles  in  length.     This  mountain  road  was  considered  a  dangerous 

one  for  English  troops,  as  the  adjoining  woods  afforded  the  amplest  cover  to  the  native  Irish 

tnemy.     But  the  danger  had  been  removed  at  the  time  of  this  journey  in  1609,  and  principally  by 

the  energy  of  Mountjoy,  who  caused  large  fragments  of  the  woods  to  be  hewn  down  during  the  war 

vith  O'Neill,  and  a  fort  to  be  built  at  the  celebrated  Moyry  Pass,  then  known  as  the  gate  to  Ulster. 

The  railway  now  runs  exactly  along  the  line  of  Chichester's  march  from  Dundalk,  and  the  remains 

of  this  fort  still  crown  the  hill,  at  a  little  distance  westward  from  the  line.     The  encampment  of  the 

commissioners,  on  the  night  of  the  3rd  of  August,  was,  no  doubt,  at  or  near  this  fort  which 

commanded  Moyiy  pass.     The  next  day's  march  lay  through  the  remaining  part  of  the  Fews,  and 

was  broken  probably  by  a  brief  halt  at  Fort-Norris.     Thence  the  cavalcade  could  see  at  some 

distance  eastward,  the  outlines  at  least  of  those  extensive  earthworks  thrown  up  originally  for  the 

protection  of  Hugh  O'Neill's  army,  and  still   retaining  the  name  of   Tyron^s  Ditches,     These 

vestiges  are  in  the  parish  of  Ballymore,  barony  of  Lower  Orior,  between  Acton  and  Poyntz-pass, 

and  in  a  part  of  the  country  extremely  well  fortified  by  nature. 

The  halt  near  AAnagh,  on  the  evening  of  Thursday,  the  4th,  was  made  for  a  special  purpose, 
w-hich  delayed  their  progress  longer,  no  doubt,  than  was  expected.  The  chief  justice  states  that 
^^  "  there  rested  the  Friday  and  Saturday,  which  they  spent  in  hearing  the  claims  of  the  lord 
P*"iinate,  the  surveyors  setting  in  certainty  the  limits  of  some  land  They  passed  the  Thursday 
L^vinday]  in  observing  many  particulars  from  the  inhabitants  of  the  country,  who  gathered  to  the  camp 
^^  they  passed  On  Monday,  the  7th  of  August,  they  came  to  Armagh ;  there  they  began  the  assizes. 
Proceeding  according  to  their  former  resolutions  [at  Dundalk],  and  ended  on  Saturday  following." 
The  real  work  of  the  commission,  therefore,  was  begun  on  Monday,  the  8th,  at  Armagh,  the 
^^embers  of  each  section  devoting  themselves  to  their  special  labours  during  the  week.  The  assize 
^orkin  Armagh,  and  throughout  the  other  counties  was  very  light  in  1609,  and  contrasted  remark- 
^^ly  with  the  state  of  affairs  at  the  same  time  in  1608.  So  few  and  trifling,  indeed,  were  the  duties 
^f  lawyers  and  judges  on  this  occasion,  that  Davys,  in  writing  to  Salisbury  at  the  conclusion  of 
fteir  peregrinations,  informed  the  latter  that  there  had  not  been  so  profound  a  peace  as  then 
prevailed  in  Ulster,  since  the  time  of  the  conquest, — meaning  since  the  invasions  of  Ireland  by  the 
English  in  the  twelfth  century.  The  work  of  the  commissioners  was  thus,  in  one  department  at 
feast,  greatly  abridged ;  so  that,  by  the  time  the  lands  of  the  county  were  divided  into  precincts, 
measured,  and  laid  ofl*  in  proportions,  the  assize  business  was  over,  and  the  inquisition  as  to  the 
/XMtions  belonging  respectively  to  the  Crown  and  the  Church  completed.  They  divided  the  county 
for  i^antation  purposes  into  five  great  precincts,  or  rather  they  adopted  the  five  baronial  division!^ 
as  so  many  precincts,  one  of  which  named  Toughranny  [now  Tyrany],  was  not  available  for 


156 


THE   PLANTATION   IN   ULSTER. 


plantation,  two  others  only  partially  so,  and  the  remaining  two  yielding  but  comparatively  scant 
portions  of  the  lands  contained  in  each.     In  a  paper  recording  the  number,  names,  and  quantities 
of  the  great  precincts,  or  baronies  "which  may  be  clearly  disposed  to  undertakers,"  the  county  of 
Armagh  is  represented  as  standing  thus  : — "Orier,  15,500  acres;  Oneilan,  16,500  acres;  Fewest 
6,000  acres ;  and  Ardmagh,  4,500  acres."    The  barony  or  precinct  of  Toughranny  was  preoccufNed, 
being  held  in  part  by  the  primate  in  virtue  of  his  archbishoprick,  and  by  the  heirs  of  Sir  Henry  Oge 
O'Neill.     The  barony  of  Fewes  was  only  partially  available,  being  held  to  a  considerable  extent  by 
the  Church,  and  by  Sir  Tirlagh  McHenry  O'Neill.   The  same  may  be  said  of  the  barony  or  i»ecinct 
of  Armagh,  the  lands  therein  being  largely  in  possession  of  the  Church  and  Dublin  College. 

On  Friday,  the  12th  of  August,  was  held  the  inquisition  which  was  to  distinguish  more  dearly 
than  any  previous  investigation  had  done  the  temporal  and  ecclesiastical  lands  of  Armagh,  and  to 
decide  according  to  sufficient  evidence,  the  controversy  between  the  Crown  and  the  Church  as  to 
the  rightful  ownership  of  the  termon  and  herenagh  lands.  The  commissioners  present  on  this 
occasion  were  Sir  A.  Chichester,  the  Archbishop  of  Dublin,  the  Archbishop  of  Armagh,  Sir  Thomas 
Ridgeway,  Sir  Humphrey  Winche,  Sir  Oliver  St  John,  Sir  Oliver  Lambert,  Sir  Garrett  Moorei^ 
Sir  John  Davys,  and  William  Parsons,  surveyor-general.  It  was  rather  remarkable  that 
Bishop  of  Derry,  who  was  mainly  interested  in  the  question  of  the  termon  lands,  was 
but  he  afterwards  made  his  appearance  when  the  commissioners  were  traversing  his  own  di< 
The  jurors,  appointed  to  assist  the  commissioners,  were  selected,  with  one  exception,  from 
leading  septs  or  families  of  the  county,  their  names  being  as  follow  : — 


1.  Marmaduke  Whitechurch,  Esq. 

2.  Sir  Tirlagh  [M'Henry]  O'Neale,  Knight. 

3.  Carberie  McCann. 

4.  Donagh  Morchie  [Murphy]. 

5.  Tirlagh  Mclteggart. 

6.  Christopher  Fleminge. 

7.  Conn  O'Neale. 

8.  Hugh  McBrien  McCann. 

9.  Donell  McHenry  O'Neale, 

10.  Neal  McCoddane. 

1 1.  Donell  McCann. 


12.  Redmond  Hanlon. 

13.  Owen  boy  McMurcho. 

14.  Neale  O'Calligan. 

15.  Hugh  McHenry  O'Neale. 

16.  Patrick  Oge  O'Conrie. 

1 7.  Cormack  McTirlagh  Braslowe'O'Neale. 

18.  Bartholemew  Owen. 

19.  Hugh  Mclteggart 

20.  Tirlagh  O'Cassaye. 

21.  Nice  [Angus]  O'Quin. 

22.  Calvagh  McDonnell 


The  evidence  submitted  at  this  investigation  tended  to  confirm  the  commissioners  in  tbor 
l)elief  that  the  termon  and  herenagh  lands  did  not  rightfully  belong  to  the  bishops  in  demesnei 
although  they  had  received  therefrom  certain  chiefries  and  duties ;  and  that  if  really  belonging  to 
the  septs  or  families  by  whom  they  were  occupied,  these  lands  must  then  be  considered  as  vested  ia 
the  Crown  by  the  Act  known  as  the  i  ith  of  Elizabeth.     In  reference  to  the  true  ownership  of  die 
disputed  lands  in  Armagh  ''  the  said  jurors  doe  upon  their  oathes  say  and  present  that  certun 
septs  and  families  of  the  Irishrie  hereafter  named,  have  tyme  out  of  mynde,  possessed  and 


THE   COMMISSIONERS   OF    PLANTATION   AT    WORK.  I57 

inherited,  according  to  the  Irish  custom,  certen  townes  and  parceles  of  land,  hereafter  specified, 

lying  within  the  meares  and  boundes  aforesaid,  yeelding  unto  the  archbushop  of  Ardmagh  for  the 

tjrme  being,  in  right  of  his  archbushoppricke,  onelye  the  rents  and  dueties  ensuinge,  viz.,  the  sept 

of  Pierce  McGillechrany  and  their  auncestors,  tyme  out  of  mynde,  have  been  seized  of,  and  in 

Gargagh,  Imolchraine,  and  Balliheredene,  contayninge  half  a  towne  land,  yeelding  and  paying 

thereout  yerely  unto  the  archbishop  of  Armagh  for  the   tyme   being,  ten  shillings  per  ann." 

Immediately  after  this  statement,  the  names  of  many  septs  are  recited,  together  with  the  names  of 

the  several  lands  held  by  them  respectively,  the  jurors  further  stating  on  their  oaths  "  that  the  lord 

archbishop  of  Armagh  for  the  tyme  being  could  not  att  any  tyme  att  his  will  and  pleasure  remove 

the  above  septs  or  families,  or  any  of  them,  nor  any  of  their  auncestors,  out  of  their  said  possessions 

or  freeholds  aforesaid." 

Besides  the  immediate   question   involved   in   the   termon  and   herenagh  lands,  there  are 

occasionally  curious  references  to  other  matters  in  this  Inquisition.     Thus,  the  following  passage 

explains  to  us  where,  and  why,  the  GcUloglass  country  existed  in  Armagh.     "  And  further,  the  said 

/urors  doe  upon  their  oathes  say  and  present,  that  within  the  territorie  or  Irish  precinct  of  land 

called  Toaghaghie,  within   the  baronie  of  Armagh,  the  auncestors  of  Sir   Henrie   McTirlagh 

W^cHenrie  O'Neale,  Knight,  longe  before  the  tyme  of  Con  Backagh  O'Neale,  were  seized  by  virtue 

^^  a  guift  made  longe  sithence  by  one  of  the  predecessors  of  the  nowe  lord  archbushopp  of  Armagh, 

^^  and  in  the  townes  and  landes  ensuinge,  viz.,  of  and  in  the  townes  and  landes  of  Lisdromard, 

^^yhoyed,  Bothoran,  Tawlaghboe,  Balliduff,  Collintra,  Brackawnagh,  Tonnagh,  Agherefinn,  Tree, 

^^lleaghebeg,  Balledeanin,  and  Balleskan,  with  the  appurtenances,  yeelding  and  payinge  to  the 

'^^d  archbushopp  of  Ardmagh  for  the  tyme  beinge  a  small  rent,  the  certentie  whereof  the  jurors 

i^now  not;  and  that  Sir  Tirlagh  McHenrie's  auncestors  have  bene  tyme  out  of  mynde  seized 

^^reof,  and  being  to  bear  the  bonnaght  of  some  of  the  galloglasses  for  [the]  O'Neale,  did  give  to 

^^e  said  galloglasses  foure  of  the  said  townes  for  their  bonnaghts."    These  lands  came  to  be  known 

^^    the  galloglass  country,  and  being  forfeited  and  vested  in  the  Crown  by  the  nth  of  Elizabeth, 

^ere  granted  by  her  to  Captain  Thomas  Chatterton  (see  p.  64).      The  latter,  however,  was  soon 

^^^n  by  the  men  of  Orior,  and  his  heirs  never  ventured  to  carry  out  the  terms  of  the  grant,  which, 

^^  course,  became  void.     Sir  Tirlagh  McHenry  O'Neill  was  naturally  anxious  afterwards  to  get 

^^'u^k  this  fragment  of  his  ancestrial  lands,  but  could  not  prevail  with  the  Government  to  surrender 

%  although  he  took  a  journey  all  the  way  to  Ixjndon  about  his  claim.     Chichester  thought  it  might 

^  good  policy  to  gratify  Sir  Tirlagh  in  this  matter,  but  did  not  mention  that  the  lands  in  question 

^  belonged  to  this  ancient  branch  of  the  O'Neill  family.     In  his  [Chichester's]  "  notes  of 

remembrances,"  he  says : — "  Sir  Tyrlagh  McHenry  has  been  very  earnest  with  him  to  enlarge  his 

possession  of  land  of  the  Fues,  the  same  being  more  wood  and  bog  than  pasture  or  arable  ground. 

Has  promised  to  be  a  suitor  to  his  Majesty  to  bestow  upon  him  a  part  of  Toghrighie  [Toaghaghie] 

irhich  lies  adjoining  unto  the  Fues,  and  thinks  it  well  given  if  that  will  make  him  and  his  sons 

honest  [loyal  to  the  Government],  which  he  humbly  recommends  to  his  Majesty  and  the  Lords.** 

The  concluding  paragraph  of  this  Inquisition  is  sufficiently  significant,  as  showing  how  much 


iS8 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


of  the  county  had  been  vested  in  the  Crown.  As  the  termon  lands  were  now  again  fouod 
to  have  belonged  to  the  Irish  septs,  they  had  therefore  come  into  the  hands  of  the  King  bjr 
the  nth  of  Elizabeth,  whilst  other  portions  belonged  to  his  Majesty  by  the  attainder  of 
Hugh,  Earl  of  Tyrone.  "Lastlie,  the  said  jurors  doe,  upon  their  oathes,  present  and  find,  that  all 
the  lands  of  the  said  county  of  Armagh  are  now  in  the  reale  and  actual  possession  of  the  Crown, 
except  the  demesne  landes  belonging  to  the  archbushop  of  Armagh  (4) ;  and  except  the  inherit- 
ance [estates]  of  the  heirs  of  Sir  Nicholas  Bagnall  (5)  deceased,  in  the  barony  of  Oner,  and  in  the 
barony  of  O'Neylane;  and  except  the  inheritance  of  Sir  Tirlagh  McHenrie  0*Neale,  lying  in  the 
barony  of  the  Fues ;  and  except  the  inheritance  of  the  heires  of  Sir  Henry  Oge  O'Neale,  deceased 
in  the  barony  of  Toaghrany ;  and  except  the  lands  belonging  to  the  deane  (6)  of  the  catbednB 
church  of  Armagh,  or  to  the  prior  and  vicars  chorall  (7)  of  the  same  church,  or  to  the  abbey  of  St 
Peter  and  St  Paule  (8) ;  and  except  the  inheritance  of  Marmaduke  Whitechurch  (9),  and  Patrid 


:  (4).  Of  Armagh, — Davys,  in  his  Abstract  of  TitUs, 
says: — "And  now,  by  virtue  of  a  commission  taken  at 
Armagh,  I2th  of  August,  1609,  to  inquire  of  the  ecclesi- 
astical lands  in  that  and  other  counties,  and  to  distinguish 
the  same  from  the  lands  of  the  Crown,  it  is  found  that 
the  Archbishop  of  Armagh  is  seised,  in  right  of  his 
archbishoprick,  of  26  towns  or  thereabouts,  as  of  his 
mensal  or  demesne  lands,  and  that  he  ought  to  have 
certain  perpetual  rents  and  other  duties  out  of  160  towns 
more  (which  are  not  found  to  be  termon  or  herenach 
lands)  lying  in  several  territories  of  this  county,  but  the 
tenants  thereof  being  now  Irish,  are  found  to  have  been 
inheritors  thereof  time  out  of  mind,  according  to  the 
Irish  custom  of  tanistry  and  gavelkind  ;  and  that  the 
lord  Primate  could  not  remove  the  said  tenants  at  his 
pleasure." 

(5).  BagnalL — See  p.  115.  Davys,  in  his  Abstract^ 
states  that  seven  towns  lying  in  O'Nealan,  parcel  of  the 
possessions  of  the  abbey  of  Newry,  were  granted  to  Sir 
Nicholas  Bagenal  and  his  heirs."    4  Edward  VI. 

6).  The  deane, — Davys  states,  in  his  Abstract — 
*•  Touching  the  lands  claimed  by  tiie  Dean  and  Chapter 
of  Armagh,  whose  right  is  also  saved  by  the  Statute  of 
H®  Elizabeth,  there  are  but  three  towns  and  odd  sessiaghs 
found  to  belong  to  the  Dean,  but  there  are  nine  towns 
and  odd  sessiaghs  foimd  to  belong  to  the  vicar^s  choral 
of  that  church,  to  which  we  think  he  has  no  title."  This 
statement  of  Davys  has  reference  to  the  following  pas- 
sage of  the  Inquisition  : — **The  jurors  further  finde  by 
an  ancient  booke  showed  unto  them  by  the  deane  of  the 
cathedrall  church  of  Ardmagh,  twoe  towncs  of  Edenu- 
feagh,  Ballyedenkaspagh,  Ballramcall,  and  Ballekhillin, 
and  the  Imlf  towne  of  Drumgoase,  should  belonge  to  the 
said  deane,  and  that  the  towne  of  Dromagh  should  be- 
ionge  to  the  prior  of  the  vicares  chorall ;  howbeit,  the 
jurors  cannot  hnde  that  the  said  landes  were  at  any  time 
m  the  possession  of  the  said  deane  and  prior,  but  that 
^he  said  booke  mentioneth  that  there  was  paid  out  of  the 
said  town  of  Dromagh  six  shillings,  one  mutton  and  one 
lossett  of  butter  onto  the  prior ;  and  rents  to  the  dean 
out' of  the  other  lands." 

.  (7).   Vicar's  choralL — According  to  Chichester's  opinion 
fhb  church  loachinery  wa&  not  in  a  hopeful  condition 


when  he  and  his  attendant  commissioners  visited  Axn^ 
during  the  autumn  of  1605,  and  soon  after  his  ^<enSot^ 
to  the  deputyship.     Writing  to  the  council  in  Loodoi^ 
on  the  30th  of  September  in  that  year,  he  says : — "  Tb^ 
began  their  labours  at  Armagh  ;  and  first,  in  the  chaici' 
there,  which  was  much  ruined  and  fallen  into 


they  found  a  number  of  priests  all  ordained  bj  forei^* 
authority,  and  holding  their  dignities  and  prebends  ^^ 
Bulls  from  Rome, — not  one  man  amongst  thon  ^i^tfutff* 
to  celebrate  divine  service  and  sacraments  accoidiiff  ff^< 
his  Majesty's  laws.     They  found  also  that  certain  tShi^ 
of  great  value,  intended  for  the  support  of  a  coUm  ^ 
22  vicars  choral  of  that  church,  were  demised  in  Mta*a 
by  Mr.  Wood,  the  dean,  without  any  lawful  anthori^ 
For  redress  of  these  enormities  they  have  directed  ifc 
Lord  Primate  [Henry  Ussher],  the  Archbishop  of 
see,  and  then  in  their  company,  with  all  speed  to  } 
a  sufficient  minister  to  serve  in  that  church  according 
his  Highness's  injunctions,  and  also  have  admoni^ied  a 
enjoined  himself,  who  is  well  able  to  speak  their 
guage,   to  repair   thither  in  person  on  every  su 
season,  and  there  to  reside  for  three  or  four  monthSi*    1 
instruct  the  people  by  his  preaching,  and  to  lefoma 
number  of  abuses  amongst  them.     They  [the  *^r"»"— ■■ 
sioners]  have  likewise  caused  him  to  sequester  the  tittfee 
and  profits  of  that  collie,  to  be  reserved  for  the  raeuaih 
tenance  of  some  poor  scholars  of  that  province  (wberoo/ 
already  they  have  chosen  a  few  that  are  of  some  toiranf- 
ness)  to  be  placed  in  the  college  near  Dublin,  ontfl  a 
competent  number  of  ministers  may  be  provided  vni 
placed  there  to  attend  the  service  of  that  church." 

(8).  And  St.  Paule,-- At  least  20  balUboes  of  tkii 
abbey's  lands  had  been  granted  to  Sir  Toby  CaulfrML 
This  is  the  number  stated  by  Davys,  but  the  denooMi- 
tions  specified  in  the  grant  are  37,  which  may  not,  ham- 
ever,  have  included  more  than  20  balliboes  of  loocrijo 
acres  each.  The  grant  to  Sir  Toby  is  dated  Jime4»  i^* 
See  Erck's  Repertory,  p.  327. 

(9).  IVAitecAurck.— Davys  states  in  his  Ahtmt  iN 
Whitechurch  had  six  balliboes  of  this  ahhefs  landf  akl> 
Their  names,  as  recited  in  the  grant  (which  is  dated  Jrif 
23,  1606,  are  Agheylogh,  Ballitollogh,  CIooynUM^  Buth 
lurgakeyle,  Aghegletidy,  and  Aghedemoyle.  Sec  Eidrt 
Repertory^  p.  306. 


THE   COMMISSIONERS   OF   PLANTATION   AT   WORK. 


159 


omey  O'Hanlon"  (10). 


11. 


ving  thus  made  such  arrangements  in  and  for  the  county  of  Armagh  as  were  deemed 
y,  or  rather  such  as  they  had  time  and  means  to  accomplish,  the  commissioners  resumed 
>gress  northward,  early  on  the  morning  of  Saturday,  the  13th  of  August  Their  chronicler 
tunately  too  meagre  in  his  notice  of  the  march  from  Armagh  to  Dungannon.  "On  the 
y  following  the  12th  of  August,"  says  he,  "they  rose  and  passed  by  Charlemount  on  the 
Iter,  through  woods  and  paces  [passes],  and  pitched  their  tents  within  three  miles  of 
non  (11),  and  began  the  assizes  and  other  businesses  in  the  county  of  Tyrone,  the  13th  of 
and  ended  the  23rd  of  August."  The  region  now  to  be  surveyed  and  ransacked  in  various 
id,  until  the  period  then  passing,  included  all  O'Cahan's  countr}-,  and  all  the  county  of 
,  except  ttie  one  barony  of  Orior.  Thus,  from  an  early  time,  a  noble  principality  occupied 
t  attractive  portions  of  Ulster,  and  to  it  the  other  surrounding  territories  generally  looked 
ection,  and  were  not  disappointed.  Sir  Thomas  Cusake,  the  Irish  lord  chancellor,  describes 
t  region,  even  so  late  as  the  year  1553,  as  "the  fairest  and  goodliest  country  in  Ireland 
l1,  and  many  gentlemen  of  the  Neyles  [O'Neill's]  dwelling  therein.*^  But  old  times  had 
I,  and  with  them  went  one  fragment  after  another  from  Tir-Eoghan,  to  form  the  two 
»  of  Armagh  and  Londonderry,  the  latter  even  snatching  from  the  mother  territory  its 
and  magnificent  forest  of  Glenconkeyne.  Yet,  after  these  changes,  the  present  county  of 
is  of  goodly  dimensions,  measuring  upwards  of  38  miles  in  length,  from  the  summit  of 
mountain  a  little  eastward  of.  Bamesmore,  to  Caledon,  on  the  Blackwater,  and  thirty 
1  breadth  along  its  western  border,  over  Strabane  and  Loughderg ;  its  several  territorial 
s  comprising  not  much  under  900,000  acres. 

e  county  only  numbers  four  baronies,  viz.,  Dungannon,  Clogher,  Omagh,  and  Strabane ;  but 
>ntain  vast  sweeps  of  territory,  and  for  convenience  sake  each  barony  has  been  sub-divided, 
mmissioners  divided  the  whole  county  into  ^wq  great  precincts,  cutting  the  barony  of 
mon  into  two  almost  equal  parts,  and  designating  the  one  half  the  precinct  of  Mauntjoy. 
X  respects  the  old  baronial  divisions  were  preserved  (12);  and  were  indeed  all  adopted, 


yjlanlon' — This  servitor's  grant  included  twelve 
but  on  condition  that  three  were  to  be  surren- 
be  granted  to  Captain  Atherton  for  the  fort  of 
rris.  For  the  terms  of  this  grant  to  O'Hanlon, 
s  Repertory f  pp.  75,  219,  728. 
lungannon. — The  march  on  the  12th  was  one 
ate  length,  but  tedious  in  consequence  of  the 
hich  were  not  then  sufficiently  cleared  for  the  con- 
ol  a  large  force  passing,  although  several  narrow 
or  "paces*  had  been  made.  The  route  of  the 
principally  along  the  right  bank  of  Blackwater, 
;  surface  is  low  and  flat,  and  where  not  densely 
ith  trees,  was  then  covered  with  bog.  The  road 
from  Armagh  to  Dungannon  traverses  this  same 
ine-eighth  of  the  extent  yet  consisting  of  bog. 


but  the  other  seven-eighths  now  rich  wheat-bearing 
land,  in  good  cultivation.  The  castle  or  fort  of  Charle- 
mont  is  5^  miles  north-west  from  Armagh,  and  nearly  five 
south-east  from  Dungannon.  It  stands  on  a  height  which 
overlooks  the  Blackwater,  and  effectually  commanded 
the  ancient  and  celebrated  passage  of  that  river.  As  the 
commissioners  encamped  three  miles  from  Dungannon, 
they  evidently  preferred  the  vicinity  of  Charlemont  where 
there  was  then  a  strong  garrison,  although  O'Neill's  old 
castle  at  Dungannon  had  been  converted  into  a  militaiv 
post  after  his  flight,  and  now  contained  a  ward  or  smaU 
garrison  also. 

(12).  Preserved, — These  old  divisions  are  well  known 
frt>m  a  survey  made  of  Tjrrone,  vti  I59i,  at  Uie  ugent 
solicitation  of*^  Hugh  O'NeUl.     (See  p.  39).     Now,  when 


i6o 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


with  the  slight  exception  now  mentioned,  as  the  best  arrangement  of  the  county  in  precincts  whkb 
could  be  made.     These  several  divisions  on  being  re-measured,  were  represented  as  containii^  the 
following  quantities  of  land  respectively,  and  available  for  allotting  to  undertakers: — "  i.  Dungannon, 
16,000  acres;  2.  Mountjoy,  9,500  acres;  3.  Omagh,  11,000;  4.  Strabane,  13,500;  and  5.  Qogher, 
12,500  acres.     These  quantities  were  exclusive  of  the  church  lands  of  various  kinds.     In  this 
county  the  bishops'  allotments  amounted  to  18,275  acres,  whilst  the  incumbents  obtained  5,880 
acres,  after  the  prescribed  rate  of  60  acres  for  glebe-lands  in  every  pr(^x)rtion  of  1,000  aaei 
After  the  general  measurement  of  the  five  great  precincts  or  baronies,  the  next  work  was  the 
sub-division  of  each  into  proportions  of  the  required  quantities  or  sizes.    Dungannan  (13)  was 
marked  off  into  12  proportions,  viz.,  two  great  ones  of  2,000  acres  each;  four  middle-sized, (/ 
1,500  acres  each;  and  six  small  ones  of  1,000  acres  each.     The  precinct  oi Mountjoy  was  divided 
into  7  proportions,  viz.,  two  great,  one  middle,  and  four  small     The  precinct  of  Omagh  (14)  vas 
divided  into  9  proportions,  one  great,  two  middle,  and  six  small     The  precinct  of  Strabane  (15) 
was  divided  into  1 1  proportions,  viz.,  one  great,  three  middle,  and  seven  small     The  precinct  of 
Clogherwzs  divided  into  10  proportions,  viz.,  two  great,  one  middle,  and  seven  small    The  work 
of  marking  off,  or  *  casting  out,'  the  several  proportions  was  very  heavy  indeed,  and,  to  have  been 
done  correctly,  would  have  required  a  much  longer  time  in  each  county  than  the  commissioDen 
had  at  their  disposal 

The  holding  of  the  inquisition  to  distinguish  between  the  crown  and  ecclesiastical  lands  in 
Tyrone,  and  to  determine  the  legal  ownership  of  the  termon  and  herenagh  lands,  was  postponed 
until  the  23rd,  the  last  day  of  the  commissioners'  sojourn,  at  Dungannon.  The  same  members  d 
the  commission  sat  here  as  at  Armagh,  excepting  that  George  Sexten  (16),  the  escheator-geoenl 


deprived  of  its  whole  eastern  portions  which  constitute 
Londonderry,  Tyrone  is  described,  generally,  as  extend- 
ing from  Liffoixl  to  the  Blackwater,  which  amounts 
exactly  to  the  same,  for  the  Irish  designated  the  whole 
extent  of  water  from  Leith-bhear  or  Liffcr  to  the  sea  as 
Loch-Feabhuil  [Lough  Foyle].  Thus,  **what  modem 
map-makers  called  Uie  rivrr  Foyle,  the  ancient  Irish 
considered  as  a  part  of  the  loch. "  See  Miscellany  of  the 
Celtic  Society,  p.  301. 

(13).  Dungatifunt, — In  the  survey  of  1591,  the  barony 
of  Dungannon  is  described  as  extending  from  the  Black- 
water  to  MuUoghgory  [now  Mulnagore,  a  townland  near 
the  north-west  limit  of  the  baronv,  in  the  parish  of 
Pomeroy],  and  from  Kilytraghe  to  the  Closaghe  [in  the 
barony  of  Clogher].  The  barony  is  so  called  from  Dun-' 
geanainn^  or  Geanainn's  fortress.  It  is  first  mentioned 
by  the  Four  Masters,  at  the  year  1430,  as  the  residence 
of  Owen  or  John  O'Neill.  See  Colton's  Visitation^ 
p.  126. 

(14).  Omagh, — See  p.  29.  In  the  survey  of  159 1,  this 
barony  is  mentioned  as  containing  the  *  country'  of  the 
Slut  Arte^  or  descendants  of  an  Arthur  0'^feill  who 
lived  at  an  early  period,  and  whose  chief  residence  was 
at  Newtown,  now  Newtown-Stewart,  where  the  whole 
clan  also  had  its  head-quarters.  Speed  places  the  clan 
at  Stranorlar,  in  Donegal,  which  is  too  far  west ;  Norden 
places  them  between  the  Lough  and  river  Eske.     See 


Colton's  Visitation^  edited  by  Dr.  Reeves,  p.  12S. 

(15).  Strabane,'-T\ivs,  town,  andently  Sraik-kmh  ^ 
'fair  holm,'  has  given  name  to  the  whole  baroof.  A 
portion  of  the  ancient  Irish  territory  was  adkd  Vi 
Fiachra  Finn,  or  Ardstratha,  now  Ardstnw. 

( 1 6).  George  Sexten,  — This  was  one  of  Chichcster^sBfl^ 
useful  instruments,  being  his  secretary,  and  the  mediis 
through  which  money  flowed  liberally  to  spies.    His 
position  gave  him  manifold  opportunities  of  beoomiiC 
rich,  and  he  appears  to  have  availed  himself  thereof  to 
the  fullest  extent.     On  the  14th  of  Jannaiy,  i6(KA  ^ 
obtained  the  office  of  general  escheator  and  feotfiy,  '^ 
the  province  of  Ulster,  to  hold  by  him  and  his  dqMM 
with  all  the  fees,  wages,  and  emoluments  thereto  beky 
ing — and  these  were  no  trifling  means  of  woJdi  tltfQ>4r 
out  the  six  counties.     Parsons  was  his  deputy,  pamh 
but  the  latter  soon  also  became  so  rich  that  the  depilf 
ship  was  resigned  into  other  hands.     Sexten  also 
famous  as  a  ''discoverer,"  and,  as  such,  received  a 
grants  of  lands  in  the  counties  of  DubUn,  Kildare^ 
Meath,   Waterford,    and  Wexford.     He   was  obfifei 
however,  to  divide  the  spoils  thus  obtained  witk  tM 
other  discoverers  named  Dixon  and  Waldron*  for  wn^MI 
of  this  class  generally  went  into  partnership.    Sertndtt 
had  an  exclusive  grant,  dated  March  20^  l605<^  to  aalt 
as  much  aquavitae,  usouebau^  and  a^ua  comfmUm  mW 
and  his  agents  pleased,  in  the  counties  of  Dntilii^  Wid^ 


THE   COMMISSIONERS   OF    PLANTATION   AT   WORK. 


I6l 


er,  was  now  absent     The  following  jurors,  summoned  and  appointed  to  assist  on  this 
I  were,  with  few  exceptions,  members  from  leading  families  or  septs  in  Tyrone  : — 


iry  McShane  O'Neale. 

tain  Tirlagh  O'Neale. 

es  O'Shele. 

aond  Oge  O'Hagan. 

in  O'Develyn. 

icke  Walshe. 

ne  O'Kenan. 

rtagh  0*Quinn. 

iry  McNeal  McArte  O'Neale. 

Qond  McOwen  Mclver. 

mocke  McShane  boy  O'Neale. 

ie  McCullin  [M'Quillin  ?]. 


13.  Robert  Hovenden. 

14.  Captain  Daniel  Leigh. 

15.  Owen  Roe  O'Quinn. 

16.  Hugh  McDonnell  O'Neale. 

17.  Shane  Roe  O'Neale. 

18.  Walter  Meirse. 

19.  Connor  O'Quynn, 

20.  Rorie  O'Gormeley. 

21.  Henry  Oge  McQuin  O'Neale. 

22.  Hugh  McShane  McOwen  O'Neale. 

23.  Owen  Oge  O'Hagan. 

24.  Brian  O'Quin. 


urors  were,  in  most  instances,  the  same  who  had  served  in  a  similar  capacity  during  the 
nd  survey  held  at  Dungannon  in  the  preceding  autumn  of  1608,  when,  as  Davys  afterwards 
a  a  letter  to  Salisbury,  "  the  Hagans,  the  Quinns,  the  Divelins,  and  the  rest  of  the  late  earl's 
s,  gave  as  diligent  attention  as  they  were  wont  when  their  fugitive  master  was  present"  (17). 
the  inquisition  in  Dungannon  of  the  prceding  autumn,  i6o8,  the  question  as  to  the  legal 
up  of  the  lands,  temporal  and  ecclesiastical,  throughout  Tyrone  came  up  for  special  notice  ; 
following  is  Davys's  account  of  the  decision  on  this  point,  in  a  letter  written  immediately 
ds  to  Salisbury,  from  the  vicinity  of  Coleraine : — "  Touching  the  survey  of  these  countries 
re  now  devolved  on  the  Crown,— Mr.  Treasurer  [Ridgeway]  and  himself  [Davys],  before  the 
r  came,  took  an  Inquisition  at  Dungannon ;  whereby  they  surveyed  all  the  county  of 
and  found  all  the  temporal  land  in  that  county  escheated  to  the  Crown  by  the  outlawry  of 


xford,  Kilkenny,  Waterford,  Kildare,  King's, 
Louth,  Meath,  Westmeath,  and  Longford,  and 
i  province  of  Leinster.  See  Erck's  Repertory^ 
255,  485,  487,  492,  686,  741.  Sexten  and 
icted  as  each  other's  deputies. 

Vas  present. — Davys  does  not  represent  this 
iriy ;  probably  because  he  did  not  know  the  real 
ffairs  in  Tyrone.  The  persons  who  thus  dili- 
ve  him  their  aid  and  attention  as  jurors  had 
in  the  Earl  of  Tyrone's  followers,  but,  on  the 
were  always  fiercely  opposed  to  him,  for  in  the 
;gle,  not  only  had  O'Neills  been  pitted  against 
;r,  but  O'Hagans  also,  O'Quinns,  and  others, 
jh,  who  was  sheriff  of  Tyrone  in  1608,  has  left 
»rd  which  is  preserved  among  the  Carew  MSS., 
ed  A  Brief e  of  some  things  which  I  observed 
^eral  baronies  of  the  county  of  Tyrone,  From 
Jce  the  following  extract,  explanatory  of  this 
-*'  I  observed  that  there  are  certain  kmdreds  or 


septs  of  the  Neales  [O'Neills],  in  divers  parts  of  Tyrone, 
wnich  ever  did,  and  still  do,  as  much  as  in  them  lieth, 
oppose  both  against  Tyrone  and  all  those  of  his  proper 
sept  and  party,  namely,  in  the  barony  of  Strabane,  Tyr- 
loghe  Oge  O'Neale,  son  to  Sir  Arthur  O'Neale,  and  all 
his  followers  and  dependents,  as  well  of  the  Neales  as  of 
the  Quinnes,  and  likewise  of  divers  other  septs  on  that 
[the  Strabane]  side  of  Slewsheese.  Also,  in  the  barony 
of  O'Meaghe  [Omagh]  all  that  sept  of  the  Neales,  called 
the  Sleughte  Artes,  do  deadly  hate  T)Tone*s  sept.  And 
likewise  in  the  barony  of  Clougher,  are  two  other  dis- 
tinct septs  of  the  Neales  who  hate  Tyrone  and  his  septs  ; 
one  of  which  septs  are  the  sons  of  Shan  O'Neale  and 
their  followers."  (See  Calendar  of  the  Carew  MSS., 
sixth  series,  p.  30. )  On  the  forq^oin^  jury  list,  we  find 
the  first  name  was  that  of  Shane  O'Neill's  eldest  son,  and 
the  second  name  that  of  Sir  Arthur  O'Neill's  eldest  son, 
the  other  natives  jurors  being  no  doubt  the  followers  of 
these  two  leaders,  and,  therefore,  friendly  to  the  interests 
of  the  English  party. 


1 62  THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

the  earl  (excepting  only  two  ballybetaghs  [or  2,000  acres]  which  were  granted  to  Sir  Henry  Qge 
O'Neale  by  the  King) ;  and  the  rest  of  the  lands,  which  they  call  church  lands,  being  in  the 
possession  of  certain  scholars  called  Herenaghes,  and  whereof  they  were  in  ancient  times  true 
owners  and  proprietors,  the  jury  found  to  be  resumed  and  vested  in  the  Crown,  by  the  statute  of 
1 1  Elizabeth,  whereby  Shane  O'Neale  was  attainted,  and  never  since  divested  by  any  grant  from  the 
late  Queen,  or  from  his  Majesty."  The  jurors  now,  in  1609,  came  to  the  same  conclusion  as  to  the 
termon  and  herenagh  lands,  and  upon  much  fuller  and  more  satisfactory  evidence  than  they  appear 
to  have  sought  for  in  1608.  At  the  Inquisition,  now  more  immediately  under  consideration^  the 
jurors  gave  a  full  and  very  satisfactory  explanation  respecting  these  disputed  lands  throughout  the 
several  parishes  of  the  county  in  which  they  were  found,  together  with  a  statement  of  the  rents  and 
services  paid  therefrom  to  the  Archbishops  of  Armagh,  and  Bishops  of  Derry  and  Clogher. 

Respecting  the  original  gif^  of  these  lands,  and  the  former  occupants)  we  have  the  following 
interesting  statements  from  the  jurors  at  Dungannon,  in  1609: — "And  further  they  say  up<m 
their  oathes,  that  in  all  places  of  the  said  county  of  T3rrone,  where  the  tiethes  are  divided  betwixt 
the  parson,  vicar,  and  herenaghe,  they  are  to  bear  the  chardge  of  repairinge  and  maynteyninge  the 
proper  parishe  church,  equallie  between  themselves.     And  the  said  jurors  doe,  u|x>n  their  oathes^ 
finde  and  present,  that  the  erenagh  land  was  att  first  given  by  the  temporall  lords  immediatlie 
the  first  founders  of  the  churches ;  and  that  those  founders  did  give  the  same  to  severall  septs  fo 
paying  rents  and  other  deuties  to  the  bishopps,  and  for  repairinge  and  maynteyning  their 
church,  wherein  they  oftentimes  did  beare  a  third  parte,  and  sometymes  two  third  partes  of 
chardge,  and  for  keeping  of  hospitalitie;  and  that  these  >septs  or  erenaghs  have,  tyme  out  of  myn< 
inherited  the  said  lands  according  to  the  Irish  custome  of  tanistrie,  and  that  neither  the  said  Ic^^s-d 
archbushopp  [of  Armagh],  nor  any  other  bushopp,  nor  their  predecessors,  could  att  any 
heretofore,  or  now  can,  remove  the  said  herenaghs  out  of  the  said  lands ;  and,  further,  they 
jurors]  say,  that  termon  land  had  the  same  beginninge  as  herenagh  lande,  onlye  they  differ  in 
the  termon  land  hath  often  t3rmes  more  privileges,  as  sanctuarie  and  the  like,  which  was  not  allowed 
to  many  of  the  herenaghs  ;  againe,  the  chiefe  tenant  of  the  termon  land  was  called  a  corbe  [coarb^ 
but  in  common  speech  he  is  called  by  his  simame,  but  the  chief  tenant  oi  the  herenagh  [land]  is 
alwaies  knowne  and  called  an  herenagh  ;  and  that  the  corbe,  in  many  places,  hath  under  him  one 
or  more  herenaghs  to  whom  he  giveth  a  portion  of  land  free,  or  for  rente  or  customes,  and  other 
liberties  as  he  thought  fit"    This  account  of  these  lands  will  be  appropriately  followed  by  ccrtam 
curious  illustrations  of  herenagh  duties  and  prelatic  claims,  which  occur  at  the  very  commencement 
of  the  Inquisition,  and  immediately  after  the  jurors  had  been  "  duly  swome  uppon  the  Wf 
evangelists."    Thus,  they  proceeded  to  inform  the  commissioners  that  the  "lord  archbushopp  of 
Ardmagh  is  seized  in  fee,  in  right  of  his  archbishopprick  of,  and  in  the  severall  yerely  reiit% 
services,  and  customes  under  written,  issuinge  out  of  certain  parcells  of  herenagh  land,  within  tbt 
Barony  of  Dunganon,  in  the  said  county  of  Tyrone,  as  foUoweth  : — 

"Out  of  the  Erenagh  land  of  Donoghmore,  conteyninge  thirtene  tullaghes,  every  tnSa^ 
conteyninge  one  balliboe  and  one  sessiagh,  every  sessiagh  contayninge  a  thirde  part  of  a  ***w»tw»i 


THE   COMMISSIONERS   OF    PLANTATION   AT  WORK. 


163 


the  yerely  rente  of  forty  shillings,  and  six  shillings  and  eight  pence  Irish  for  everie  bloodshed  (18); 

and  also  a  yerely  cosherie  (19)  in  the  said  lord  archbushopp  his  visitation,  yf  he  come  himself  in 

person,  and  not  otherwise  ;  and,  also,  out  of  the  erenagh  land  of  Kyllishell,  contayninge  two  small 

ballyboes,  the  yerely  rente  of  three  shillings  and  four  pence,  and  one  mutton,  thirtie  cabdell 

meadors  (20)  of  oates,  and  a  cosherie  yerely,  if  the  said  lord  archbushopp  come  himself  in  visitation, 

and  not  else,  together  with  fines  for  bloodshed  as  before ;  and  also,  out  of  the  erenagh  lands  of 

Artra,  contayninge  twelve  tullaghes  (whereof  the  erenagh  had  one  free  from  exactions)  the  yerely 

rente  of  foure  markes,  and  a  cosherie  for  one  night  yerely,  in  his  visitation,  and  not  otherwise;  and, 

also,  out  of  the  erenagh  land  of  Ardboo  alias  Ballileigh,  conteyninge  thirtene  tullaghes  (whereof 

one  tullagh  was  free  to  the  erenagh),  the  yerely  rente  of  foure  markes,  and  one  cosherie  yerely,  in 

bis  visitation,  as  before,  and  not  otherwise ;  and  that  the  herenagh  of  this  land  was  to  beare  two 

thirde  parts  of  the  chardge  in  repairinge  and  maynteninge  the  parish  church ;  and,  also,  out  of  the 

tennon  land  of  Ballyneclage,  conteyninge  fourtene  tullaghes  (whereof  two  tullaghes  were  free  to  the 

corbe)  the  yerlie  rent  of  two  markes,  and  a  cosherie,  as  before ;  and  the  herenagh  of  this  place  also 

to  beare  two  third  parts  of  the  chardge  in  repayringe  and  maynteyninge  the  parishe  churche  there." 

But  the  doctrine,  or  rather  the  Celtic  law  relating  to  the  occupiers  of  herenagh  lands  in  Tyrone 

was,  that  these  lands  having  been  held,  time  out  of  mind,  by  certain  septs  or  families,  could  never 

be  cleared  of  these  tenants  by  bishop  or  archbishop. 

Before  the  commissioners  had  commenced  this  northern  journey,  Davys  volunteered  to  write 
to  Salisbury  from  their  halting  places  in  the  several  counties,  to  tell  him  of  their  progress,  and 
how  it  fared  with  the  leading  objects  of  their  mission.  And  Davys,  no  doubt,  kept  to  his  promise 
in  this  particular,  although  his  letters  from  Armagh  and  Dungannon  are  not  forthcoming  in  any 
<^Uections  of  State  Papers  yet  calendared.  We  shall  have  the  pleasure  of  hearing  from  him, 
however,  at  the  foiu:  remaining  stages  of  their  progress.  In  the  meantime,  it  may  be  stated  that 
^m  the  date  of  their  start  from  Dublin,  the  deputy  appears  to  have  been  inundated  by  letters 
^m  the  council  in  London,  on  questions  relating  to  many  parts  of  Ireland,  but  none  having  any 


(18).  Bloodshed. — The  Celtic  law  punished  crimes  even 
^  the  most  heinous  character  by  the  imposition  of  fines 
^  the  criminals  in  proportion  to  the  extent  of  their 
^^^nsgressions.  The  *  bloodsheds'  above  mentioned  were 
po^T  woundings  such  as  caused  blood  to  flow  and  did  not 
^ply  any  charges  of  murder  against  those  who  were  to 
I*  mulcted  in  6s.  &/.  apiece.  This  law  of  Erick  or  Fine 
^  introduced  by  an  ancient  Irish  king,  who  got  the 
epithet  of  Reathtair,  or  the  *  Law-giver,*  from  his  great 
*^ty  to  have  good  laws.  Before  his  time  the  law  of 
^aHaium  was  the  order  of  the  day — an  eye  for  an  eye 
^  a  tooth  for  a  tooth — but  he  substituted  the  milder 
Famishment  of  an  erick  or  fine,  even  in  the  most  ag^- 
^^  cases.  The  same  arrangement  afterwards  prevailed 
UDong  the  Scots  of  Alba  and  the  Saxons.  Among  the 
^^fnnans  murder  was  punished  by  levjring  from  the 
cnminal  nimibers  of  cattle  for  the  family  of  the  deceased, 
^  when  the  criminal  had  no  cattle,  or  not  a  sufficient 
number  to  give,  his  particular  clan  or  tribe  was  compelled 
to  supply  them.  In  Ireland  the  erick  or  fine  for  slaying 
A  long  was  30,000  thrynuas  [or  groats],  of  which  one  haU 


was  paid  to  the  family  of  the  slain  king  and  the  other  to 
his  subjects  ;  the  price  of  an  archbishop,  and  of  an  earl, 
was  15,000  thrymsas ;  and  so  downward  to  the  peasant, 
whose  price  was  267  thrymsas.  See  Ware's  IVorhs,  vol. 
il,  p.  71. 

(19).  Cosherie, — ^This  simply  meant  food  and  lodging 
for  a  time,  but  in  the  case  of  an  episcopal  visitation  the 
time  was  short  The  term  cosherie  is  said  to  be  derived 
from  cios-ri,  the  King's  cess ;  and  generally  it  was  not,  in 
the  case  of  chiefs,  a  Uving  or  quartering  on  their  subjects, 
but  a  compensation  toprevent  the  necessity  of  this. 

(20).  Meadors, — "Tne  Meadar,  a  vessel  so  called  in 
Irish,  and  Medr  in  British,  was  of  no  certain  capacity, 
but  larger  or  smaller,  according  to  the  artificer's  fancy, 
or  the  materials  he  had  ready  at  hand  for  working  upon. 
It  was  a  Can  or  Pitcher  four-cornered,  and  made-  of  one 
piece  of  timber  hollowed  into  angles  with  a  chisel.  The 
Meader  of  the  county  of  Donegul  is  mentioned  in  this 
grand  inquisition  of  the  six  escheated  counties  to  contain 
two  gallons  English  measure,  and  in  the  county  of  Fer- 
managh six  quarts."    Ware's  Works ^  voL  ii,  p.  223. 


1 64  THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

bearing  on  Ulster  affairs.     Chichester  was  so  absorbed  in  his  occupation  that  he  wrote  but  few 
letters  from  the  North.     When  engaged  at  Armagh,  however,  he  had  time  to  draw  up  a  few  Bn0 
of  jRemembrance,  dated  August  8,  to  be  entrusted  to  Lord  Danvers,  for  the  authorities  in  London* 
In  this  document  are  the  following  sentences  relating  to  efforts  still  to  be  made  in  Ulster,  and 
expressive,  at  the  same  time,  of  hop>elessness  on  the  subject  of  plantation,  unless  more  eneigy  md 
greater  self-sacrifice  could  be  found  for  the  work : — "Tyrone's  return  is  lately  bruited  and  by  many 
expected,  which  has  given  fresh  hopes  to  the  discontented.     If  there  be  foreknowledge  thereof 
they  must  be  enabled  to  encounter  him  upon  his  first  arrival,  otherwise  he  will  soon  grow  great  as 
well  in  force  as  in  opinion.     Confesses  the  King's  charge  here  [in  Ireland]  is  very  great,  and 
would  feign  [fain]  abate  it,  but  until  the  North  be  planted,  and  men's  minds  touching  the  p<nnt  of 
Tyrone's  coming  better  settled,  it  is  neither  safe  nor  convenient  to  advise  it  [retrenchment].    Can 
has  been  taken  and  some  allowance  made  for  fortifying  and  repairing  some  of  the  forts  in  Monster 
and  that  in  Galway  [against  invasion  by  the  fugitive  earl].     The  like  will  be  had  for  othen  in 
Leinster  and  Ulster,  according  to  a  note  lately  sent  over  by  him.     If  all  be  not  presently  granted^ 
yet  Philliptowne  and  Maryborough  in  Leinster,*  the  Derry,  Liffer,  Balleshanon,  and  Dungannon,  in 
Ulster,  would  specially  be  cared  for.     Something  is  done  to  the  rest,  but  these  being  places  of 
principal  import  for  keeping  and  governing  the  country,  are  left  very  weak ;  for  these  tbey  wut 
money  to  do  them  effectually.     To  patch  them  up  were  to  small  purpose.     How  well  soever  i« 
wish  the  plantation  of  Ulster,  according  to  the  project  laid  down,  yet  he  despairs  to  see  it  effectually 
performed  upon  private  men's  undertaking;  for  such  an  act  must  be  the  work  of  a  commomreaUii 
and  upon  the  common  charge,  towards  which  a  subsidy  or  two  were  well  given ;  and  that  (jl 
he  be  not  deceived),  will  save  many  a  subsidy  in  40  years.     If  that  be  not  liked  of,  let  every  pmb 
in  England  contribute  towards  the  planting  of  a  man,  two,  or  three,  according  to  their  circuit  and 
abilities ;  the  men  to  be  sons,  or  natives  of  the  parish,  but  such  especially  to  be  chosen  as  are  00^ 
in  employment  here,  and  next  unto  them  old  soldiers  that  have  served.     By  this  course  towns  wiD 
be  fortified,  houses  built,  men  of  valour  and  understanding  enabled  to  plant  there,  who  will  detoi 
their  own,  and  make  good  what  they  have  undertaken ;  and  the  Irish  will  be  put  out  of  hq)e  to 
weary  or  overmaster  them  [the  planters],  and  towards  so  good  a  work  he  thinks  every  welkaffocted 
subject  will  contribute  willingly." 

The  deputy  had,  evidently,  since  coming  north,  met  Some  specimens  of  the  probable  setMi 
and  must  have  begun  to  feel  uneasy  about  the  future  of  his  cherished  movement  in  Ulster.   Ht 
never  liked  the  'Projecf  prepared  in  London ;  and  he  now  speaks  as  if  he  would  be  glad  to  see  it 
superseded  by  some  simpler  and  more  vigorous  Scheme^    Chichester  wrote  to  Salisbury,  from  Ditt- 
gannon,  on  the  1 7  th  of  August,  complaining  that  the  Bishop  of  Derry  had  not  then  joined  the  olhcr 
commissioners,  although  he  [the  bishop]  was  so  deeply  interested  in  their  investigations.    Ifl 
Montgomery's  absence,  the  deputy  sent  for  the  Archbishop  of  Dublin,  and  the  latter  had  ?^ttfln4i4 
at  great  risk  to  his  health,  but  could  not  be  induced  to  move  in  any  church  questions  without  t^ 
co-operation  and  consent  of  the  primate  and  the  Bishop  6f  Derry.    Chichester,  ttaettfiire,  fek 
disquieted  on  this  pointy  and  had  little  time, — perhaps  less  indination, — to  write  again  to  Si^iabtry 


THE   COMMISSIONERS   OF   PLANTATION   AT   WORK.  1 65 

until  his  return  to  Dublin.     On  one  point,  however,  he  felt  he  could  speak  freely,  and  with  good 

hope  of  gratifying  all  concerned,  from  the  King  downwards.     The  whole  lands  of  the  county  of 

Tyrone,  temporal,  herenagh,  and  termon,  were  to  be  found  for  the  King  !     In  his  letter  to  Salisbury, 

above  quoted,  the  deputy  mentions  that  the  Earl  of  Clanrickard  had  visited  him  at  Dungannon, 

probably  with  a  view  to  negotiate  some  terms  about  accepting  of  the  northern  swordmen,  and 

Chichester  had  taken  the  opportunity  of  explaining   to  him  (for  the  benefit  of  the  London 

authorities  whom  Clanrickard  was  about  to  visit),  the  manner  of  their  procedure  in  Ulster.     "  At 

bis  lordship's  being  here  he  [Chichester]  acquainted  him  with  the  course  they  hold  in  this  new 

survey,  r  The  work  is  very  intricate  and  full  of  labour,  and  will  be  chargeable  to  his  Majesty,  but 

iben  it  is  finished  after  the  form  they  have  begun  (which  shall  be  this  journey,  if  conveniently  they 

may)  hopes  it  will  give  his  Highness  [the  King]  and  his  Lordship  [Salisbury]  good  satisfaction." 

He  thus  refers  to  the  main  work  of  their  journey — the  clearing  of  the  King's  title  to  the  forfeited 

knds— and  as  they  had  commenced  so  auspiciously  at  Armagh,  and  looked  even  to  greater  results 

m  Tyrone,  he  expected  they  would  be  able  to  have  a  triumph  on  this  head,  if  on  no  other,  at  the 

dose  of  their  northern  excursion.     And  to  this  end,  the  Inquisition  at  Dungannon,  contributed  not 

a  little,  its  concluding  announcement  being  as  follows  : — "And  lastlie,  the  said  jurors  doe,  upon 

their  oathes,  find  and  present,  that  all  manors,  castles,  lands,  tenements,  and  hereditaments,  within 

Ae  said  countie  of  Tirone  (except  the  lands  heretofore  granted  unto  Sir  Heruy  Oge  O'Neale  and  his 

beirs  by  letters  patent,  and  except  the  mensall  lands,  demesne  lands,  and  the  rents,  duties  and 

^^ustoms  above  mentioned  to  belong  to  any  atchbishopprick  or  bishoppricks,  and  except  all  lands 

belonging  to  any  abbeys,  monasteries,  or  religious  houses,  which  were  granted  by  letters  patent  to 

*^y  person  or  persons),  are  now  in  the  reall  and  actual  possession  of  his  Majesty,  by  reason  of  the 

*^tainder  of  treason  of  Hugh,  late  Earle  of  Tirone,  and  by  the  Statute  of  the  attainder  of  Shane 

^^^*Keale,  made  in  the  nth  yeare  of  the  raigne  of  the  late  Queen  Elizabeth,  and  by  reason  of  either 

^^  them."    Here  was,  indeed,  a  complete  sweep  for  the  Crown  1    It  so  happened  that  neither  the 

*^mate  nor  the  Bishop  of  Deny  had  mensal  or  demesne  lands  in  Tyrone,  and  the  bishop  had 

^OJy  a  few  balliboes  in  the  vicinity  of  the  town  of  Clogher.     The  glebe  lands  in  the  county  contained 

*^  all  three  balliboes,  two  sessiaghs,  and  seven  acres.     The  lands  that  had  belonged  to  the  little 

^^l)eyof  Omagh  were  supposed  to  be  scanty,  and  had  been  granted  to  the  Leighs.     And  nothing 

^*^  found  by  inquisition  for  the  prelates  but  some  insignificant  chiefries  and  duties — ^all  the 

^^penagh  lands  amounting  to  about  313  balliboes  having  been  found  for  the  King.     As  if  to  make 

^^^^tters  worse  for  the   Bishop  of  Derry,  it  was  found  that  the  nth  of  Elizabeth  which,  while 

"^^tainting  Shane  O'Neill  and  his  adherents,  had  saved  the  right  of  the  Archbishop  of  Armagh 

thout  saving  the  right  of  the  Bishop  of  Derry,  whose  diocese  extended  partly  into  the  county  of 

i^ne.    "The  Bishop  of  Derry,"  says  Davys  in  his  Abstract,  "because  the  right  of  the  said 

^Hhoprick  was  not  saved  by  the  Act  of  the  nth  of  Elizabeth,  cannot  in  law  demand  either  land  or 

^^W  [in  Tyrone],  but  is  left  to  his  Majesty's  grace  and  favour  in  that  behalf."    This  temporary 

^Ximiliation  of  Montgomery,  was  soon  to  be  succeeded  by  the  acquisition,  on  his  part,  of  ecclesias- 

^^  spoils  of  enormous  value  and  extent 


1 66  THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


in. 


The  labours  of  the  commissioners  at  Dungannon  having  closed  so  satisfactorily  on  the  evening 
of  the  23rd  of  August,  they  resumed  their  journey  still  northward,  early  on  the  following  day. 
"The  24th,"  says  their  own  chronicler,  "they  marched  towards  [the  county  ofj  Coleraine;  the 
mountains  of  Slewsishe  and  Slewgannon  [Slievegallon]  not  being  passable  with  carriages,  they 
were  constrained  to  pass  by  Desert  Linn  and  Glanconkane,  near  to  Kilulter  [Killetiagh],  the 
greatest  fastness  of  Tyrone.     Through  the  glens  in  this  passage  they  were  enforced  to  camp  three 
nights.''    In  the  preceding  autumn,  the  commissioners,  on  pretty  much  the  same  errand  bent,  took 
the  same  route  through  the  glens  or  woods,  "where  the  wild  inhabitants,"  as  Davys  jokingly 
remarked,  "  wondered  as  much  to  see  the  King's  deputy,  as  the  ghosts  in  Virgil  wondered  to  sec 
JEnesiS  alive  in  hell."    It  is  not  easy  to  imagine  why  the  commissioners  were  required  to  remam 
three  nights  in  these  woods  during  their  journey  in  1609 ;  but  such  having  been  the  fact,  as  here 
recorded,  it  is  remarkable  that  the  chronicler  takes  not  the  slightest  notice  of  the  cause  of  sod 
lengthened  delay.     But,  whatever  it  may  have  been,  they  were  probably  wise  in  avoiding  the  loid 
(rather  the  path)  across  Slewsishe,  or  Slewsheese,  which,  with  its  dense  mists  in  foul  weather,  would 
have  sorely  tried  the  commissioners,  some  of  whom  were  old,  and  unaccustomed  to  exposure  of  this 
kind.     The  vast  mountain  range  then  known  as  Slewsishe,  but  now  as  the  Sperrin  mountains  (see 
p.  2),  extends  from  the  vicinity  of  Strabane  to  within  four  miles  of  Garvagh,  a  distance  of  thiitj-six 
statute  miles.     The  barrier  thus  presented  in  the  seventeenth  century  is  not  so  formidable  at  the 
present  day,  as  roads  have  been  since  made  along  the  four  glens  by  which  it  is  intersected,  one 
running  almost  parallel  with  it  from  Newtown-Stewart  to  Draperstown,  along  the  picturesque 
highland  defile  of  Glenelly,  which  separates  the  Sperrin  range  from  the  Munterloney  moimtains 

Although  Slievegallon  was  hardly  so  uninviting  to  the  travellers,  it  held  out  littie  hope  0^  * 
practicable  road  or  passage,  by  which  they  could  reach  Limavaddie  in  any  reasonable  time.    T*** 
mountain,  situate  in  the  parish  of  Lissan  and  nearly  four  miles  north-west  from  Moneymore,  for^^ 
at  once  the  commencement  and  highest  portion  of  that  chain  which  extends  north  by  west  to  ^^ 
sea  at  Magilligan  Point.     The  road  by  Desert-Linn,  however,  although  leading  through  woods  ju^** 
wilds,  was  level  and  had  at  least  one  rare  attraction  for  Chichester  and  Bodley,  as  conducti  ^ 
them  to  the  celebrated    lake-dwelling   of   Loch-inis-0'Lynn,   on  which   they  had    detennim^ 
to  erect  a  fort  for  the  protection  of  the  coming  settlers  in  that  district     The  planning,  and    ^ 
part  building,  of  the  fort,  may  have  probably,  indeed,  occasioned  the  delay  mentioned  by  A^ 
chronicler,  whom  we  have  quoted  above.     The  site  of  this  fort  occupied  that  of  an  old  IiiS^ 
dwelling  on  the  island  in  the  lake.     Bodley  was  famous  at  fort-building,  and  his  skill  seems  to 
have  thoroughly  secured  this  place  against  assault,  when  occupied  by  a  sufficient  force.    In  i64i» 
it  was  held  by  Shane  O'Hagan ;  and  such,  even  then,  was  its  strength,  that  the  Irish  leader  nof 
named  was  able  to  bid  defiance  to  a  party  of  English  who  assailed  the  little  island-fortress  iritt 
cannon  on  two  occasions.     The  lake  is  parti/  in  the  townland  of  Desertmartin  and  partly  in  tlm 
of  Annagh  and  Moneysterlin,  the  last  name  being  a  corruption  of  Matnistir-ffFhlainn^  and  derived 
from  a  religious  house  founded  here  by  a  chieftain  of  the  O'Lynns.    (See  Colton's  FfffMitm, 


THE   COMMISSIONERS   OF   PLANTATION   AT   WORK. 


167 


ed  by  Dr.  Reeves,  pp.  76,  77.)  This  position,  which  was  evidently  one  of  importance  at  an 
y  period,  gave  its  name  to  the  extensive  district  now  known  as  the  barony  of  Loughinsholin 
ugh-inis-0'L)Tin]  (21).  On  Sunday,  the  27th,  the  commissioners  emerged  from  the  woods  at 
lavaddie,  for  the  vast  forests  of  Glanconkeyne  and  Killetragh  stretched  down  in  that  direction 
be  shores  of  Lough  Foyle.  The  chronicler  at  this  point  is  perhaps  a  little  more  communicative 
I  he  had  been  at  other  places.  He  states  that  on  the  day  above  named  "they  obtained 
ched]  Limavaddie,  the  chief  house  of  O'Cahan,  and  the  best  town  of  that  country,  and 
iped  a  mile  and  more  from  the  town.  The  28th  day  of  August  being  Monday,  they  b^;an 
assizes  and  the  rest  of  their  business  at  Limavaddie,  and  ended  the  Thursday  following.  The 
d  Bishop  of  Deny  came  to  them  there  and  heard  the  presentments  of  the  jury,  but  was  not  at 
swearing  of  them.  There  also  came  to  them  the  four  agents  for  London."  The  county  of 
leraine,  including  only  three  small  baronies,  viz.,  Coleraine,  Limavaddie  [now  Keenaght],  and 
agh  [now  Tirkeeran],  was  more  easily  measured  and  marked  off  in  proportions  because  of  its 
aller  size ;  but  this  county  was  granted  soon  afterwards  to  the  Londoners,  and  planted  according 
somewhat  different  arrangements  which  will  be  noticed  in  a  future  chapter. 

The  Inquisition  to  distinguish  between  the  Crown  and  Church  lands  was  taken  at  Limavaddie 
Wednesday,  the  30th,  in  presence  of  the  same  commissioners,  some  others  ariving,  however, 
ore  the  meeting  had  come  to  a  close.     The  following  is  a  list  of  the  jurors  appointed  to  serve 


e:— 


1.  Manus  McEvally  [McCoey  Ballagh 

O'Cahan]. 

2.  John  O'Henry. 

3.  Fardoragh  O'MuUane. 

4.  Richard  McOwen  O'Cahan. 

5.  Owen  McCawell. 

6.  Patricke  McRedy. 

7.  Rorie  McAnalle. 


8.  Owen  Groom  McGilligane. 

9.  Gillduffe  Oge  O'Mullane. 

10.  Dermot  O'Chane. 

11.  James  O'Mullane. 

12.  Gillduffe  McHerenagh  McCloskie. 

13.  William  McAtagairt 

14.  Patrick  Oge  McEtegart 

15.  Maurice  McCawell. 


^se  jurors  report,  as  others  for  so  far  had  done,  that  the  termon  and  herenagh  lands  were 
upied  throughout  this  county  by  certain  septs  and  families  who  rendered  chiefries  and  duties 


^l).  Lough-itUs'O'Lynn, — In  the  Survey  of  1 591,  this 
>nT  is  written  Logkynisolinf  and  described  as  contain- 
Clonconkayne  and  Kilytraghe,  or  Glenconkeyne  and 
Htragh.     The  former  is  called  Gleann-Concadhain  by 

Four  Masters  at  the  years  1526  and  15S4.  On 
rden's  map  the  name  is  written  '  Clanconcan/  and  on 
Jed's  map  *  Glankankyne, '  lying  between  *  Camtogher ' 

'Slew  Gallon.*  This  territory,  which  was  clothed 
ense  woods,  forms  the  western  part  of  the  barony  of 
ghinsholin.  Killetragh,  correctly  Coill-iochtarach^  or 
rcr  wood,*  was  separated  from  Glenconkeyne  by  the 
•  Mayola.  John  Leigh,  in  his  Briefe  of  Some  Things^ 
alroidy  quoted,  has  the  following  reference  to  this 
ict : — "  In  the  Barony  of  the  Glynnes,  called  Lough- 
lyn,  the  inhabitants,  consisting  chiefly  of  the  Neales, 


the  Hajggans,  the  Mullhallans,  with  the  McCahirs  and 
the  Quinnes,  are  wholly  those  which  had  their  absolute 
dejpendance  upon  Tyrone  [the  earl]  and  his  sept,  and  in 
this  place,  especially  about  that  part  of  the  barony  called 
Killytraghe,  being  a  strong  fastness,  do  inhabit  the  chief 
nest  of  those  that,  upon  any  sudden  occasion  offered 
them,  would  first  show  themselves  in  action  for  Tyrone*! 
party,  they  being  able,  out  of  this  one  quarter,  to  dnw 
together  at  least  200  able  men,  and  well-armed«  within 
24  hours.  Also,  I  have  observed  that,  under  colour  of 
having;  liberty  to  wear  arms  in  the  time  of  0*Doughertie's 
rebellion,  for  their  own  defence,  the  countnr  is  now  every- 
where full  of  pikes  and  other  weapons,  which  their  Iriw 
smiths  daily  make."  See  CaUndar  of  Cantw  AfSS., 
sixth  series,  p.  31. 


1 68 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


to  the  bishops,  but  who  could  not  be  removed  by  the  latter.  The  following  passage  ft 
Inquisition  is  curious  and  interesting: — '*And  further,  touchinge  the  originall  and  di 
of  corbes  and  herenaghes,  and  of  the  termon  lands  of  the  said  countie  of  Colrane,  the  sai 
doe,  upon  their  oathes,  finde  and  say,  that  Donnell  McHugh  O'Neale,  King  of  Ireland,  c 
before  anie  bushopps  were  made  in  the  said  kingdome  of  Irelande,  give  unto  certaine  h( 
whom  they  call  Sancti  Patres^  severall  portions  of  land  and  a  thirde  part  of  all  the  tiethei 
ende  they  should  say  praiers  and  beare  a  thirde  part  in  the  charge  of  repairinge  and  maini 
the  parishe  church,  the  other  two  third  parts  being  borne  by  the  parson  and  viccar,  to  wl 
rest  of  the  tieths  is  yerely  paied,  and  also  for  their  owne  honor  and  sustentation ;  and  tl 
wards  the  said  holie  men  did  give  unto  severall  septs  severall  proportions  of  the  said  lai 
placed  one  or  more  of  them  in  everie  parishe,  and  withall  gave  unto  him  a  thirde  parte  of  tl 
of  that  parish,  to  hould  both  the  said  lande  and  the  third  part  of  the  tiethes 
according  to  the  course  of  tanistrie,  free  from  all  exactions;  and  that  for  that  ca 
lande  was  called  termon  or  free,  and  the  tennant  thereof  some  tymes  called  corbcy  and  som 
herenaghy  and  that  the  said  corbe  or  herenagh  was  to  bear  a  third  parte  of  the  chardge  in  re 
and  mainteyninge  the  parishe  church ;  and  that  the  said  portion  of  lande  and  the  third  part 
tiethes  soe  contynued  free  unto  the  corbe  or  herenagh  for  many  yeres,  imtil  the  Church  o 
established  bushopps  in  this  kingdome,  and  decreed  that  every  corbe  or  herenagh  should  g 
the  bushopps  (within  whose  dioces  he  lived)  a  yerely  pension,  more  or  less,  according 
proportion,  out  of  his  entire  erenachie^  consistinge  of  the  said  lande  and  the  said  third  part 
tiethes,  and  that  thereunto  the  said  corbes  and  herenaghs  submitted  themselves,  but  he 
herenaghie  free  forever,  and  could  not  be  removed  by  anie  of  the  temporall  or  spiritual  Ic 
other  person  whatsoever;  and  further  the  said  jurors  doe,  upon  their  oathes,  finde  t 
difference  of  termon,  corbe,  and  herenagh,  consisteth  onlie  in  this,  that  the  termon  b  the  x 
the  lande,  and  all  termon  land  is  herenagh  land,  and  hath  the  privil^es  of  herenagh  b 
all  herenagh  land  hath  not  alwaies  as  ample  privileges  as  the  termon  lands."  (22). 

Respecting  the  true  ownership  hitherto  of  these  termon  and  herenagh  lands,  the  juroi 
mentioning  the  twelve  balliboes  of  Grangemore,  add  this  statement — ''which  landes  tl 


(aay.  Termon  lands, — "The  lands  assigned  for  the 
endowment  of  a  church  or  monastic  establishment,  to 
its  founder,  or  patron  saint,  was  called  by  the  Irish  its 
Terwum^  a  name  borrowed  apparently  from  the  Latin 
Terminus^  a  boundary.  '  Let  the  Termon  of  the  sacred 
place  have  its  marks  around  it,'  savs  an  old  canon  of  the 
Irish  Church  on  this  subject,  in  the  Latin  of  whidi  the 
word  Terminus  is  used,  where  the  word  Tennon  occurs 
in  the  translation.  The  Termon  land  of  a  church  was 
considered  to  ha\'e  by  right  the  privilege  of  sanctuary, 
and  to  be  free  from  any  owing  of  rents  or  other  exactions 
to  temporal  lords.  .  .  .  The  land  inherited  by  a 
coarb  nom  the  Patron  Saint  who  founded  the  church 
(which,  as  we  have  seen,  was  called  his  Termon)^  was 
regarded  as  having  the  privUege  of  sanctuary ;  so  that 
penons  fleeing  for  refuge  to  it,  max  assailants,  were  con- 
lidered  to  be  under  protection  of  that  saint,  and  not  to 


be  molested  without  dishonour  to  him,  and 
somewhat  after  the  manner  of  the  Israelites  in 
their  cities  of  refuge.  The  termon  lands  were  coo 
poss^  other  immunities  also  [above  mentioned] ; 
privileges  were  veiy  often  violated,  and  the  pr 
them  subject  to  various  outrages  frtmi  the  < 
chieftains  of  Ireland  and  their  f(ulowers,  to  lesti 
proceedings  was  passed  the  Cashd  enactment  | 
Nor  had  the  aggressors,  who  dared  to  violate  the 
of  the  termon  umds,  been  able,  even  before  the 
tion  of  that  enactment,  to  esa4>e  in  aU  instaaoc 
retaliation  from  the  monastic  bodies,  or  '  £unilic 
were  called,  connected  with  those  termons ;  w! 
on  the  contrary,  find  means  for  reducing  even 
terms  of  submioioo  and  restitutioQ."  See  King 
Introductory  to  tMi  Early  Histary  ef  tJU  F 


THE   COMMISSIONERS    OF    PLANTATION   AT   WORK.  1 69 

)pp  of  Derry  [Montgomery]  doth  sett  and  dispose  att  his  pleasure,  but  by  what  right  the 
;  knowe  not,  but  they  say  that  the  said  bushopp*s  predecessors  never  enjoyed  or  ought 
e  said  land  itself,  but  only  the  rent  and  refeccion  aforesaid."  Toward  the  close  of  this 
1  at  Limavaddie,  the  jurors  dispose  of  any  claim  that  may  have  been  made  on  these  lands 
al  lords  or  territorial  chiefs,  in  the  following  words  : — "  And  further,  the  said  jurors  doe 
ir  oathes,  present  and  say,  that  the  temporall  lords  never  received  any  rents  or  dueties 
termon  or  herenagh  lands  of  the  said  countie  of  Colrane,  but  that  Shane  O'Neale,  in  the 
of  his  rebellion,  compelled  the  tennants  of  the  said  termon  and  herenagh  lands  to  give 
rie  uncertain  rents  and  customes,  which  the  said  jurors  finde  to  have  bene  extorted 
e  and  d€  facto,  as  an  unlawfull  exaction,  and  not  de  jure,  or  as  a  lawful  rent."  As  these 
this  and  the  other  counties  of  Ulster  were  almost  to  a  man  drawn  from  the  septs  or 
en  in  occupation  of  the  termon  or  herenagh  lands,  they  had,  no  doubt,  begun  to  hope  that, 
the  bishops  nor  the  territorial  chiefs  could  remove  them,  the  State  would  permit  them  to 
md  especially  as  they  were  thus  zealously  sustaining  the  doctrine  which  Chichester  and 
e  so  anxious  to  establish  against  the  northern  prelates.  But  the  jurors  were  "reckoning 
eir  host,"  and  whilst  thus  cordially  *  clearing  the  King's  title,*  they  had,  perhaps,  little  idea 
commissioners  were  just  then  in  the  act  of  drawing  that  fatal  weapon — the  nth  of 
—to  cut  them  off  from  any  hope  of  holding  their  ancient  possessions. 

le  28th,  the  day  after  the  commissioners  reached  Limavaddie,  Davys  snatched  from  the 
)rk  as  much  time  as  enabled  him  to  write  to  Salisbury.  The  contents  of  this  letter  are  so 
;  as  to  make  us  regret  that  we  have  not  the  two  preceding  epistles  to  which  it  refers,  and 
e  written  respectively  at  Armagh  and  Dungannon.  The  following  extracts,  referring  to 
liate  work  or  works  on  hand,  we  take  from  this  third  letter,  written  at  the  camp  near 
ie,  in  O'Chane's  Country : — "  They  [the  commissioners]  are  now  in  the  county  of 
which  contains  O'Chane's  fruitful  country,  and  is  the  third  stage  in  their  journey, 
ice  he  gives  this  third  advertisement  of  their  proceedings.  They  pursue  their  first  course 
ng  and  distinguishing  the  land.  Their  geography  has  had  the  speedier  dispatch,  inasmuch 
I  county  is  but  little,  consisting  only  of  three  baronies,  and  as  they  had  sent  two  surveyors 
)erambulate  the  country,  and  to  prepare  the  business  by  gathering  notes  of  the  names, 
extent  of  townlands.  This  they  performed  well  and  readily,  being  accompanied  with  but 
juard.  Speaks  of  a  guard  as  of  a  necessary  circumstance ;  for  though  the  countiy  be 
and  the  heads  of  greatness  gone,  yet  their  geographers  do  not  forget  what  entertainment 
\i  Tyrconnell  gave  to  a  map>-maker,  about  the  end  of  the  late  great  rebellion ;  for  one 
»eing  appointed  by  the  late  Earl  of  Devonshire  to  draw  a  true  and  perfect  map  of  the 
J  of  Ulster  (the  old  maps  being  false  and  defective),  when  he  came  into  Tyrconnell,  the 
;  took  oflf  his  head,  because  they  would  not  have  their  country  discovered  (23).     For  the 

xrvered, — With  the  baronial  maps  of  Ulster,  work  of  the  unfortunate  map-maker  above  named.     At 

ly  published,  and  zincographed,  there  is  one,  Mountjoy's  bidding,  he  had  entered,  perhaps  altogether 

•  date,  showing  the  coasts  of  Tirconnell  or  imwittmgly,  on  an  extremely  dangerous  task.     We  are 

uch  may  have  been  wholly,  or  in  part,  the  told  that  "the  deficiencies  and  misrepresentations  in  the 


I/O 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


distinction  of  church  lands  in  this  county,  they  had  a  jury  of  clerks  or  scholars ;  for  the  juron^ 
being  fifteen  in  number,  thirteen  spake  good  Latin,  and  that  very  readily.  These  clerks  being 
chosen  in  the  presence  of  the  Ijoid  Primate,  should  by  reasonable  presumption,  rather  be  partial 
for  the  clergy  than  the  King.  They  conceived  their  verdict  or  presentment  in  a  singular  good  fonn 
and  method,  and  gave  them  more  light  than  ever  they  had  before  touching  the  original  and  estate 
of  Heranghes  and  Termon  lands  (24).  Here,  at  length,  after  long  expectation,  the  Lord  Bishop  of 
Deny  came  to  the  camp,  and  was  present  at  the  getting  up  of  the  jurors'  presentment ;  wfaerdo, 
because  it  was  found  that  the  lands  possessed  by  the  Herenaghes  and  their  septs  were  their  proper 
inheritance,  and  not  the  inheritance  of  the  bishops,  and  that  the  bishops  had  only  rents  out  of  those 
lands,  and  not  the  lands  themselves  (though  herein  they  concurred  with  the  verdicts  given  in 
Tyrone  and  Armagh  this  year,  and  with  all  the  presentments  made  the  last  year  being  indeed 
the   manifest  and   infallible  truth),  yet  because  it  contradicts  his  lordship's   suggestions  (35), 


Topographia  Hibemiae  of  Giraldiis  are  well  known  to  be 
owing  to  his  having  written,  when  the  '  conquest  of  the 
Irish  was  so  incomplete,  that  no  Englishman  dared  ven- 
ture in  the  Irish  regions ;  the  fate  of  some  who  had  done 
so  having  been  that,  ubi  catti,  as  Cambrensis  wrote, 
ibidem  decapitati.  Matters  nad  not  much  improved  in 
this  respect,  even  during  the  latter  half  of  the  sixteenth 
century,  it  being  then  ' '  as  dangerous  for  an  Englishman 
to  attempt  a  general  survey  in  the  country  as  to  take 
arms  in  a  general  conquest  [much  more  so],  the  Gaelic 
people  having  been  as  hostile  to  a  map-maker  as  a 
soldier ;  for,  to  their  minds,  the  appearance  of  either 
surely  portended  confiscation."  After  the  defeat  and 
death  of  Shane  O'Neill,  old  Buighley  lost  no  time  in 
sending,  among  other  emissaries  into  Ulster,  one  Robert 
Lithe,  a  map-maker,  who  appears,  however,  to  have  done 
but  very  little,  if  anything,  m  the  service  of  his  employer, 
at  least  during  his  first  visit.  Lithe  writes,  in  the  Novem- 
ber of  1567,  to  say  that  he  had  abandoned  his  work  in 
the  North,  *'  on  account  of  the  short  days  and  dark  and 
foul  weather,  and  the  boggy  mountaynes,  as  well  as 
every  valley  full  of  mire  and  water,  and  the  season  more 
opportune  for  the  Irish  out-leaps,  stealthes,  and  spoiles, 
than  for  the  travail  of  such  company  as  shoula  have 
guided  and  safe  conducted  me  from  place  to  place.'*  If 
it  was  necessary  to  send  a  guard  with  the  map-makers 
going  to  O'Cahan's  country  in  1 609,  Mountjoy  must  have 
l)een  unpardonably  negligent  in  sending  poor  Barkeley 
into  Tyrconnell  in  1602  without  protection.  See  Ulster 
yoitnud  of  Archaology\  voL  iv.,  pp.  118,  1 20. 

(24).  Termon  lands. — The  fact  that  these  jurors  in 
O'Cahan's  country  could  speak  Latin  so  fluently  is  not  a 
little  remarkable ;  but  it  is  in  some  degree  accounted  for 
when  we  know  that  the  majority,  if  not  all  of  them,  were 
brehons,  and  had  carefully  studied  the  ancient  '  Brehon 
law  Tracts,*  almost  then  universally  written  in  Latin. 
Even  Bishop  Montgomery,  speaking  of  this  class,  informs 
us  that  '  the  tenents  of  the  church  lands  are  called  Eire- 
nai  [Erenaghs],  Corbani,  or  Termoners,  and  the  chiefe 
tenents  were  the  determiners  of  all  civill  questions  and 
controversies  among  theire  nyghbours,  whence  they  had 
their  names  Eirenacs  apo  tes  Eirenes  from  making  peace, 


or  of  Termoners  a  Terminandis  litibus  from  ending  of 
controversies ;  and  the  lands  of  the  church  being  an* 
ciently  Sanctuary  lands,  within  which  no  man  was  fill* 
lowed  further  by  the  pursuer  in  those  tymes,  were  theKS 
also  called  Termons  a  lermino^  because  there  ended  tk 
pursuite."    The  bishop's  derivations  are  rather  looie  is 
the  foregoing  passage,  which  nevertheless  is  intaate 
especially  on   the  subject  of  "  Schollers."    About  tne 
year   1825,   the  writer  happened   to  be  in  Taalaglht* 
O'Crilly,  and  was  present  at  a  rustic  meeting  oo  wdr 
summer  eve,  where  several  boys  and  young  men  attcwiiwi* 
who  wore  no  coverings  on  either  their  heads  or  led,  bit 
who  knew  Latin  well,  and  could  translate,  and  Bik^ 
sensible  comments  on  Virgil  and  Horace,  with  astowl* 
ing  ease  and  freedom  ! 

(25).  Lords kip^s  suggestion, — Davys  uses  here  itther  » 
mild  word  for  the  occasion,  as  Bishop  Montgcunay  Bitly 
aflirmed  that  the  bishops  were  the  real  ownen  of  tli^ 
termon  and  herenagh  lands.     Probably  Davrs  never  tfK^ 
the  tract  written  by  the  bishop  on  the  Anhemi  Estde  <f 
the  Bishaprick;  0/  Derry,  Rapho,  and  Chgker^  wttc» 
tract  may  have  been  only  intended  for  the  ejfts  of  tli* 
King.     Of  the  septs  who  occupied  the  lands  in  qnestio** 
under  their  several  coarbs  and  herena^is,  the  MAfi^ 
writes  as  follows : — **  Theise  tenents  were  first  pbtd  ^j. 
those  lands  by  the  Bishops^  and  the  possession  there^ 
contynued  unto  them  by  new  grants  from  the  sooceedU^C 
Bishops,  after  the  death  of  every  Eirenagfa.     Neytl>^ 
was  it  lawfull  for  the  sonne  of  any  Eirenagh  to  nt^^^^rj^ 
with  the  lands  his  father  possessed  till  the  Bishop  mff^ 
him  a  grant  of  the  Eirenachy.     And,  if  the  Eirenad*,* 
Sonne  came  not  within  a  certaine  time  limited  to  want  1^ 
graunl,    the  Bishop  might  give  the    land    to   anotl>^ 
whereof  I  have  seen  som  presidents  [precedents].    A^*J 
yf  the  Bishop  did  see  the  sonne  or  next  kynsman  H^ 
demanded  the  Eiranachay,  to  be  unhable  in  roard  of  |^ 
poverty,  or  otherwise  insufficient  to  performe  the  deuP'^ 
of  that  place,  the  Bishop  gave  the  land  to  another ' 
he  would  chuse,  whereof  I  have  also  seen  some 
dents.     The  Bishops  altered  the  rentes  of  theise 
accordingly  as  they  were  disposed  to  taJce  more  or  ,^^ 
refection  from  their  tenants.      See  Ordnance  Mtrntif  7 
Templemore,  p.  51. 


THE   COMMISSIONERS   OF   PLANTATION   AT   WORK.  I71 

jde  in  England  with  great  confidence  and  assurance,  viz.,  that  these  lands  were  the  very  demesne 
,ds  of  the  bishops,  upon  which  suggestion  his  Majesty  was  speedily  moved  to  confer  all  those 
ds  to  their  several  sees ;  therefore,  his  Lordship  took  exception  to  that  part  of  the  verdict, 
rxning  that  he  would  not  believe  that  they  all  agreed  in  that  point ;  and  thereupon  he  examined 
jm  by  the  poll,  before  the  Lord  Deputy  and  the  rest  of  the  commissioners ;  and  though  he 
postulated  with  them  somewhat  roundly  and  sharply  (which  might  have  altered  such  poor  men 
must  live  under  his  jurisdiction),  yet  every  one  held  his  opinion  constantly,  and  every  one 
^erally  gave  such  plain  and  probable  reasons  of  his  opinions  that  the  commissioners  were  fully 
dsfied,  and  the  presentment  was  received." 

The  results,  therefore^  of  this  Inquisition  were  as  satisfactory  as  those  arising  from  the  similar 
Lvestigations  at  Armagh  and  Dungannon,  and  quite  as  much  so  as  the  King  and  his  commissioners 
ould  have  expected ;  for  the  whole  county  of  Coleraine,  excepting  the  lands  belonging  to  a  few 
eligious  houses  and  the  fishings  of  the  river  Bann,  from  Lough  Neagh  to  the  Salmon-Leap,  were 
bund  for  the  King.  Davys  states  in  his  Abstract  that  "  there  is  no  part  of  the  temporal  lands 
ying  within  this  county  granted  to  any  person,  but  all  remaineth  in  his  Majesty's  hands  to  be 
lisposed  of  to  undertakers,  except  the  moiety  of  the  royal  fishing  of  the  Ban."  Of  the  abbey  lands 
there  were  four  balliboes,  that  had  belonged  to  the  abbey  of  Anagh,  granted  to  Sir 
Toby  Caulfield ;  but  this  small  quantity  could  be  easily  restored  to  the  Church.  The  jurors  at 
Limavaddie  did,  in  conclusion,  "  finde  and  present,  uppon  their  oathes,  that  all  castles,  manors, 
lands,  tenements,  and  hereditaments  whatsoever  (the  rents  and  dueties  belonginge  to  the  said 
archbushoppricke  of  Armagh,  and  all  and  singular  abbaies,  monasteries,  priories,  and  religious 
houses,  and  the  lands  above  mentioned  to  belonge  thereunto,  only  excepted),  are  nowe,  or  lately 
came  to  the  actual  and  reall  possession  of  his  Majesty  by  the  said  Act  of  attainder  of  Shane  O'Neale 
and  others,  made  in  the  eleventh  yeare  of  the  late  Queen  Elizabeth  ;  and  lastlie,  the  said  jurors  doe, 
uppon  their  oathes,  finde  and  present  that  the  said  King's  Majesty  that  nowe  is  being  seised  in  his 
<kmesne,  as  of  fee,  of  and  in  the  whole  fishinge  of  the  river  of  the  Banne,  above  the  salmon  leape, 
^d,  by  his  letters  patents,  under  the  Great  Seal  of  Irelande,  give  and  grant  the  said  fishinge  unto 
James  Hamilton,  assignee  of  Thomas  Ireland,  who  by  deed  assigned  and  conveyed  the  said  fishinge 
^to  the  right  honourable  Sir  Arthure  Chichester,  Knight,  lord  deputie  generally  of  the  realme  of 
frelande,  and  by  the  said  conveyance  Sir  Arthure  Chichester  is  nowe  thereof  seised  in  his  demesne 
as  of  fee." 

IV. 

On  Thursday,  the  31st  of  August,  the  commissioners  had  closed  their  work  at  Limavaddie, 
^d  proceeded  to  Derry,  either  on  the  afternoon  of  that  day,  or  on  the  morning  of  Friday,  the  ist 
^f  September,  "On  Friday,  being  the  ist  of  September,"  says  their  chronicler,  "they  began  the 
^izes  and  business  at  the  Derry,  where,  in  the  afternoon,  the  Lord  Primate,  the  Lord  Bishop  of 
^rry,  and  Sir  Oliver  St.  John,  came  to  them.  About  this  island  [of  the  Derry]  grew  great  contention 
l^twixt  the  Lord  Bishop  Montgomery  and  Sir  Thomas  Phillips.     They  themselves  and  the  jury  trod 


172  THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

[measured]  the  island,  and  swore  the  Lord  Bishop's  witnesses  on  the  ground  (the  Lord  Primate 
interpreting) ;  but  yet  he  [Montgomery]  not  being  contented  with  their  proceeding,  they  on  the 
Monday  adjourned  the  jury  to  the  Liffer,  where  they  were  to  meet  the  I^rd  Deputy  and  the  rest 
the  Council,  his  Lordship  [Chichester]  having  rode  to  see  Enishowen."     The  Inquisition  was 
at  Derry  on  the  first  day  of  work  instead  of  being  postponed  to  the  last,  as  had  been  the  case 

the  three  halting-places  already  passed.     The  same  commissioners  sat  at  Deny,  with  the  aHHi>inii ^ 

of  Bishop  Montgomery  and  Sir  Oliver  St.  John.     The  jurors  here  appointed  to  assist  in  the  coi 
of  the  town  of  Derry  were  the  following,  viz.  : — 

1.  Anthony  Reygnolds.  8.  Richard  Appleton. 

2.  Jessy  Smith.                                                  '  9.  Andrew  Dykes. 

3.  Richard  Goffen.  10.  Hugh  Thomson. 

4.  Humfrye  Vale.  11.  Edmond  Oge  O'Hagaity. 

5.  Richard  Birne.  12.  Manus  M*Roarty. 

6.  William  Cotesmer.  13.  Walter  Tallon. 

7.  Anthony  Mathew.  14.  Donogh  O'Derry. 

The  important  question  as  to  the  termon  and  herenagh  lands  is  disposed  of  in  one  condudiia^ 
sentence  by  these  jurors  as  foljows : — "And  lastlie,  touchinge  the  several!  names  of 
termon,  and  corbe,  the  said  jurors  doe,  upon  their  oathes,  finde  and  present  that  all  termon 
herenagh  land  within  the  said  countie  was  att  the  first  given  by  Columkill  and  the  succeeding 
unto  the  severall  septs  before  any  bushopps  were  known  to  be  in  the  countrie ;  and  that  the 
lande  was  free  and  had  the  privileges  of  sanctuarie,  and  other  liberties,  and  was  enjoyed  by 
septs  in  course  of  gavelkinde."    Respecting  the  small  portions  of  temporal  lands  within  the  cofumMiJ 
of  the  city  of  Derry,  which,  in  the  meantime,  were  occupied  by  several  persons  from  year  to 
Davys  states  in  his  Abstract  that  they  [the  lands]  "are  come  to  the  Crown  by  the  Statute  of 
Elizabeth,  whereby  that  entire  country  [O'Cahan's  country]  by  special  name  was  resumed, 
lands  are  not  yet  granted,  but  remain  in  his  Majesty's  hands  to  be  disposed."    Other  small 
of  temporal  lands  within  the  county  of  the  city  of  Derry,  lay  on  the  western  side  of  the  Fa|W^*' 
and  were  also,  in  the  meantime,  farmed  by  tenants  at  will,  awaiting  some  permanent 
on  the  part  of  the  Crown.     Respecting  these  portions  also,  Davys  states  that  "  the  rest  of  the 
within  the  county  of  the  city  of  Derry,  that  lie  in  Enishowen  are  come  to  the  Crown,  as  wdl  b^ 
attainder  of  Sir  Cahir  O'Dogherty,  lately  slain  in  rebellion,  as  by.  breach  of  the  condition'  containec^ 
in  his  letters  patent,  wherein  there  is  a  proviso  that,  if  he  entered  into  actual  rebellion,  his  kttei^ 
patent  should  be  void,  whereof  divers  inquisitions  have  been  taken."    Thus,  the  lands  belcMiging  to 
the  county  of  the  city  lie  on  both  banks  of  the  Foyle,  and  include  parcels  of  what  were  once  the 
'countrys'  of  Sir  Donnell  0*Cahan  and  Sir  Cahir  O'Dogherty.     The  feud  mentioned  above  as 
existing  between  Bishop  Montgomery  and  Sir  Thomas  Phillips  arose  in  reference  to  a  small  firagment 
of  these  lands  held  by  the  latter,  but  ceded  by  him  afterwards  as  rightfully  claimed  by  the  Churdii 
and  known  by  the  denominational  name  of  Termonbaccagh. 


THE   COMMISSIONERS   OF    PLANTATION   AT   WORK.  1 73 

V. 

As  already  stated  by  the  person  chronicling  the  commissioners'  movements,  Chichester  went 

on  Saturday  the  2nd  of  September  to  look  about  him  in  the  barony  of  Inishowen,  where  he  seems 

to     liave   spent   three    days,   not   appearing  at    the    Liffer   until    Tuesday   the    5th.      He    was 

oaturally  anxious  to  take  a  good  look  at  that  vast  and  romantic  region  now  destined  to  become 

his  own,  and  although  a  very  pious  man,  it  is  doubtful  whether  he  did  not  spend  that  intervening 

Sunday  galloping  hither  and  thither  throughout  the  accessible  portions  of  Inis-Eoghan.     However, 

**  the  5th  day,"  says  the  chronicler,  "  the  Lord  Deputy  and  Council,  coming  all  thither  [to  the 

Liffer]  together,  they  swore  the  jury  for  survey  and  inquiry ;  and  the  tenth  day  they  heard  the 

claims  of  divers  of  the  country  of  Donegal."     The  Inquisition  was  not  taken  at  Liflford  until  the 

1 2th  of  September,  or  the  day  before  their  departure  from  that  place.     The  same  commissioners, 

including  the  primate  and  the  Bishop  of  Deny,  were  here  present,  and  the  jurors  appointed  from 

the  various  families  or  septs  throughout  the  county  of  Donegal  were  the  following : — 

1.  Rowland  Congall.  10.  Morice  O'Kerolan. 

2.  Phelim  O'Doghertie.  11.  Maurice  O'Ardens. 

3.  Cahill  bane  McDavid.  12.  Hugh  Oge  O'Dgnell  McGinell. 

4.  Fferrall  McDonell.  13.  James  O'Sherin. 

5.  Donogh  O'Morison.  14.  Lewys  O'Clery. 

6.  Gilleduff  McGerald  O'Doghertye.  15.  Walter  McSwayne. 

7.  Henrie  Oge  McDavid.  16.  Cahill  duff  McGatrighie. 

8.  Pierce  O'Donan.  17.  Shane  Oge  McGillekerry. 

9.  Neal  McGnellus.  18.  Tirlagh  carragh  McCarvill. 

The  chronicler  so  often  quoted,  when  referring  to  this 'meeting  at  the  Liffer,  states  that  "with 

^Uch  difficulty  they  ended  there  the  13th  day  late" — which  is  accounted  for  by  the  fact  that  the 

J^u-ors  had  a  lengthened  report  to  make  of  many  curious  matters  arising  in  the  course  of  their 

.uivestigations.    Thus,  almost  at  the  commencement  of  the  meeting,  it  was  stated  that  the  yearly  and 

^'^cient  rents  payable  to  the  bishops  of  Deny,  from  four  quarters  of  land  in  the  parish  of  Faughan 

'''^re,  "out  of  every  quarter  ten  meathers  of  butter,  everie   meather  conteyninge  two  gallons 

B^igUsh  measure,  t\\'entie  gallons  of  meale  of  the  same  measure,  sixe  score  meathers  of  seed  oates 

^^  the  same  measure,  to  be  paid  att  candlemas  yerely,  and  five  shillings  and  four  pence  per  annum 

Q^  of  everie  of  the  said  quarters,  and  two  muttons  to  be  delivered  in  July  and  August ;  and  also, 

W  of  everie  of  the  said  quarters  one  quarter  of  beofe  [beef  ]  per  annum,  to  be  levied  in  winter, 

and  that  of  all  the  said  chardge  (except  the  said  rent  paied  in  money),  the  parson  and  vicar  ought 

to  pay  the  seventh  parte." 

In  these  Inquisitions,  we  have  certain  ciuious  illustrations  of  the  entire  and  most  implicit 

confidence  reposed  by  the  jurors  in  their  traditions — such  absolute  confidence,  indeed,  that 

they  did  not  hesitate  to  swear  by  them,  or  rather  on  their  authority,  as  readily  as  if  they 

b^  been  personally  cognisant  of  the  circumstances  to  which  they  testify !    Thus,  in  reference 

to  the  erenagh  lands  in  the  parish  of  Clonmany,  Inishowen,  containing,  it  would  appear,  sir 


174 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


quarters,  they  found  upon  their  oaths,  that  "  of  the  said  sixe  quarters,  three  quarters  were  given  in 
Columkillie's  tyme,  and  that   the  lord  bushopp  of  Deny  hath  and  receaved,  in  right  of  his 
bushoppricke,  out  of  two  of  the  said  quarters,  such  and  the  lyke  rentes  proporcionablie  as  out  of 
the  herenagh  land  in  the  parishes  abovementioned,  and  that  the  thirde  quarter  named  DonaUy,  is 
free  to  Donough  0*Morreesen,  who  is  the  abbott's  corbe  and  the  bushopp  of  Derrie's  herenagh  of 
those  three  quarters ;  and  the  said  jurors  doe  further  say  uppon  their  oathes  that  the  other  three 
quarters  of  the  said  sixe  quarters  of  church  land  were  given  by  the  O'Dogherties  and  O'Donells  to 
Columkill  as  a  dedication  towards  his  vestiments  when  he  went  to  warre,  which  said  three  quarters^ 
together  with  the  said  other  thirde  quarter,  being  free,  were  given  to  the  auncesters  of  the  said 
Donough  O'Morreesan,  who  in  those  daies,  were  servaunts  to  Columkille,  and  are  nowe  in  the 
possession  of  Sir  Ralph  Bingly,  Knight ;  and  that  the  said  herenagh  paied  unto  the  said  bushop  of 
Derrie,  out  of  the  bushop's  thirds  of  the  tieths  of  the  said  lands,  the  yerely  pencon  of  ten  shiHii^ 
Englishe,  and  was  auntiently  accustomed  to  collect  all  the  bushop's  duties  throughout  the  wbok 
baronie  of  Enishowen ;  and  that  in  the  said  parishe  are  sixe  gortes  of  glebes  whereof  three  gortes 
belong  to  the  viccar,  and  the  other  fower  [three]  gortes  to  the  keeper  of  the  missagh  or  ornaments 
left  by  Columkill"  (26). 

The  jurors  at  the  LifTer  bear  the  same  testimony  as  others  to  the  real  ownership  of  the  tennon 
and  herenagh  lands : — "And  further,  the  said  jurors  doe  uppon  their  oathes,  saie  and  presente, 
that  in  auncient  tyme,  there  weare  divers  landes  given  by  temporal  lordes  to  saintes  or  holie  men 
in  the  said  com.  [county],  for  celebrating  divine  service  and  prayinge  for  their  soules*  healthe%  and 


(26).  By  Columkill, — "This  reliauary,  or  Afeeskach, 
as  it  is  called,  was  preserved  in  Inishowen  till  within  the 
last  century,  when  it  was  obtained  in  the  neighbourhood 
of  Fahan,  by  Dr.  Thomas  Barnard,  the  eldest  son  of  the 
then  Bishop  of  Derry.  This  clergyman,  having  been 
successively  Archdeacon  and  Dean  of  Derry  and  Bishop  of 
Killaloe  and  Limerick,  died  in  1806,  and  on  the  sale  of 
his  effects  the  Meeshach  was  purchased  by  Mr.  Vallence, 
a  bookseller  of  Dublin,  from  whom  it  passed  to  Mr. 

iones  the  auctioneer,  then  to  Sir  W.  Betham,  and  from 
im  to  the  late  Duke  of  Sussex ;  at  whose  sale  it  was 
bought  by  Mr.  Rodd,  the  bookseller,  for  ;f20,  who 
transferred  it  at  that  price  to  Ix)rd  Adare  [now  Earl  of 
Dunraven] ;  and  thus  it  found  its  way  to  the  place  of  all 
others  best  suited  to  be  its  depository,  the  college  of  St. 
Coliunba,  where  it  exists,  a  monument  of  ancient  art  and 
of  recent  munificence.  In  Sir  W.  Betham's  Antiquarian 
Researches  there  is  a  drawing  of  it,  which  represents  not 
only  the  part  which  remains  of  the  original  design,  but 
also  the  incongruous  additions  which  were  made  to  the 
case,  by  way  of  a  restoration,  by  some  tasteless  mechanic. 
An  important  part,  however,  has  escaped  in  the  silver 
frame  of  the  upper  surface,  on  which  is  an  inscription  in 
Irish  letters,  that  connects  the  reliquary  with  the  family 
under  notice.  It  is  to  this  effect : — Brian  Mac  Br,  I 
Muirgiussa  do  cumdaig  me  A  Do.  M.CCCCC.XXXIIII, 
'  Brian,  the  son  of  Brian  O'Muirguissan,  covered  me, 
Anno  Domini,  1534.*  With  this  date  agrees  the  style  of 
the  letter,  which  is  angular,  and  possesses  neither  the 
beauty  nor   the   distinctness  of   the    early  character.** 


(See  Colton's    Visilaiiott  of  Derry,  p.  45).     «*Sir  W- 
Betham,  by  a  strange  error  (in  his  Anhquarian  XamnJ^ 
above-mentioned),  interprets  the  date  of  the  Mmkm^ 
as  being  A.D.  503,  more  than  looo  years  bd(»e  the  t»«* 
date.     The  article  which  this  reliquary  was  intended  t*) 
contain  was,  no  doubt,  such  as  was  usually  placed  is  ^ 
case  of  the  kind,  viz.,  a  copy  of  Uic  Holy  Gondii 
some  other  sacred  Book,  which  was  held  in  id'~' 
veneration  among  the  people  in  those  days.    Btt, 
ever  treasure  of  the  kind  the  Meeshach  once  oont 
nothing  of  the  sort  has  been  in  it  for  many  wes,  ^^ 
even  any  tradition  to  tell  what  was  its  origiiudbindep' 
Covers  of  the  kind  appear,  however,  to  have  shaiei  ^ 
the  veneration  which  was  paid  to  Uie  sacred  txeisaf^ 
within  them  ;  as  has  been  remarked  by  Dr.  Petrie  in  tli^ 
learned  essay  which  decided,  once  for  all,  the  once  ^ 
surdly  conducted  controversy  as  to  '  M^  origin  emd  wtO 
of  the  Round  Towers  in  Ireland.*     In  the  same  cfl^t 
attention  is  passingly  drawn  to  the  circamstanGe  that  it 
formed  one  of  St  ColumbkiUe's  occupations  (aocor^ 
to  the  testimony  of  an  ancient  poetic  life  of  him  pccsend 
in  the  Leabhar  Breac,  in  the  Royal  Irish  Acidemj)to 
employ  himself  in  making  such  cases  and  satchels  far 
books,  as  were  in  those  days  used,  for  their  better  fn> 
servation,  and  also  (as  appears  from  different  nnwdiXiBV 
quoted  by  Dr.  Petrie,  in  the  same  woric,  pp.  333-337)  te 
facilitate  their  being  carried  about,  suspended  acRMi  Ike 
bearer's  back,  from  place  to  place,  as  ^**v^rKm 
require.**    King*s  Memoir^  p.  4k 


THE   COMMISSIONERS    OF    PLANTATION   AT   WORK.  1 75 

that  the  said  saintes  or  holie  men,  dedicating  themselves  onelye  to  praier  and  the  service  of 

God,  did,  for  their  better  ease,  ordaine  and  constitute  several  herenaghes  to  manure  and  occupie 

those  landes,  which  were  usuallie  a  whole  sept,  and  the  principall  of  the  sept  was  named  the 

herenagh,  whoe  successivelie  did  enjoy  those  landes,  yealdinge  and  payinge  certaine  unto  the 

saintes,  and  that  afterwards  bushops  being  created  by  the  pope,  did  succeed  the  saintes  in  those 

landes,  of  whom  the  said  herenaghes  held  their  said  severall  landes  as  from  the  saintes,  payinge 

such  rentes  and  deuties  to  the  bishops  as  they  or  their  sept  did  formerlie  pay  to  the  saintes,  and 

were  not  to  be  displaced  by  the  bushopp  satisfying  the  auncient  and  accustomed  rentes  and 

duties  imto  them,  as  they  doe  nowe  in  those  latter  dayes  ;  and  that  the  said  herenaghes  are  to  be 

named  by  the  said  bushopps,  ever  sithence,  who  take  an  income  and  an  oathe  of  fidelitie  to 

themselves  of  the  herenaghes ;  and  that  one  sept  being  deade,  the  bushopp  is  to  ordaine  another 

sept  herenagh  in  that  place,  with  the  advice  of  the  gravest  men  of  the  church,  which  herenagh  is 

alwaies  to  be  the  most  auncient  of  the  sept,  and  not  to  be  chosen  hereditarie,  neither  are  the  said 

landes  inheritable  to  the  chiefe  herenagh  alone,  but  that  the  whole  sept  of  the  said  herenagh  are 

equallie  to  inhabit  with  him,  and  have  their  share  of  the  lande  according  to  the  severall  abilities  to 

paie  the  bushopp  his  rente ;  and  that  among  them  the  herenagh  hath  a  freedom  above  the  rest, 

which,  in  particular  the  said  jurors  cannot  preciselie  present ;  and  further,  the  said  jurors  doe, 

uppon  their  oathes  present  and  saie,  that  the  whole  countrie  of  Tireconnell,  otherwise  called 

O'Doneirs  countrie,  and  all  landes,  tenements,  and  hereditaments  above  menconed  to  belonge  to 

any  bushoppricke,  deanerie,  abbie,  monasterie,  or  religious  house,  are  nowe  in  the  reall  or  actuall 

possession  of  the  crowne,  by  reason  of  the  attainder  of  treason  of  Rorie  late  Earle  of  Tireconnell." 

On  the  loth,  or  two  days  before  the  taking  of  this  Inquisition,  the  commissioners  heard  and 

decided  certain  claims  preferred  by  several  persons  in  the  county  of  Donegal.     To  some  of  these 

cases,  the  jurors  afterwards  referred  in  the  conclusion  of  their  report  as  follows  : — *'  And  further, 

^e  said  jurors  doe,  upon  their  oathes,  present  and  saie,  that  the  whole  countrie  of  Tireconnell, 

otherwise  called  O'Donnell's  countrie,  and  all  lands,  tenements,  fishings,  royalties,  and  heredita- 

nients  within  the  said  com.  of  Donegal,  except  the  lands  belonging  to  any  bushoppricke,  deanerie, 

^bie,  monasterie,  or  religious  house,  and  except  the  countrie  and  lands  of  Inishowen  [granted  to 

Chichester],  are  now  in  the  reall  or  actuall  possession  of  the  crowne,  by  reason  of  the  attainder  of 

^'^ason  of  Rorie  late  Earle  of  Tireconnell ;  nevertheless,  the  said  jurors  doe  further  saie,  that  Sir 

Mulmore  M 'Swine  O'Doe,  by  vertue  of  letters  patent,  unto  which  letters  patent  the  jurors  doe 

herein  refere  themselves,  whether  the  said  letters  patent  be  good  in  law  or  not ;  and  further,  the 

said  jurors  doe,  uppon  their  oathes  saie,  that  Walter  McLaughlin  and  his  auncestors  are  and  have 

J^n  possessed  of  Braudsannagh,  containinge  seaven  quarters,  by  what  right  they  know  not;  and 

that  Neal  Garvie  McRorie  O'Donnell  and  his  auncestors  were  formerlie  possessed  of  the  eight 

quarters  of  land  of  Portlough  untill  the  late  Earle  did  dispose  his  lands  in  mortgage  to  Nicholas 

Weston,  of  Dublin,  alderman." 

The  claims  put  forward  by  these  persons  were  set  aside,  or  rather  ignored  by  the  commissioners, 
excepting  that  they  were  permitted  to  get  comparatively  small  quantities  of  land  as  undertakers. 


176 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


being  required,  however,  to  observe  the  rules  and  conditions  of  plantation.     They  and  som»' 
others   were   fortunate  even    in    obtaining   any  terms,   considering   the    harsh   spirit  in  wfaiA 
Chichester  spoke  of  them  in  his  'notes  of  remembrances.'    "Divers  gentlemen,"  said  he,  "daic: 
freeholds  in  that  country,  as,  namely,  the  three  septs  of  the  McSw)mes,  Bane  [Banagh],  Fanagfa 
and  Doe,  0*Boyle  and  O'Galchare  [O'Gallagher]  ;  but  these  men  passed  over  their  rights,  if  ai^ 
they  had,  to  the  earl,  which  he  got  from  them  cautiously,  and  by  unworthy  duties ;  and  fc-- 
[Chichester]  is  sure  every  of  them  has  more  land  than  they  or  their  septs  will  be  able  to  manaL:i 
and  plant  in  any  civil  or  good  fashion  these  forty  years,  albeit  peace  did  continue  among  thei^^ 
and  they  for  the  most  party  unworthy  of  what  they  possess,  being  a  people  inclined  to  blood  ax^, 
trouble,  but  to  displant  them  is  very  difficult.     If  his  Majesty  dispose  the  land  to  strangers,  tl^^ 
must  be  very  powerful  to  suppress  them ;  suggests  that  if  his  [the  King's]  pleasure  be  to  contixiiie 
them  in  what  they  claim,  the  lands  may  be  divided  into  many  parts,  and  disposed  to  several  men  oi 
the  septs,  and  some  to  strangers,  or  others  of  this  nation,  leaving  none  greater  than  another,  unies 
it  be  in  a  small  difference  to  the  now  chiefs  of  the  name."    The  claims  of  the  McSwynes,  and  some 
others  on  the  coasts  of  Donegal,  formed  the  principal  difficulty  connected  with  that  region,  but  tfae 
commissioners  adroitly  smoothed  down  the  fierceness  of  these  northern  chiefs  by  admitting  then 
into  the  plantation,  although  the  latter  did  not  receive,  perhaps,  one-fifth  part  of  the  lands  tbey 
were  compelled  in  each  case  to  abandon. 

On  the  1 2th  of  September,  the  day  on  which  the  Inquisition  was  commenced,  Davys  foond 
time  to  write  the  following  letter  to  Salisbury,  fi-om  the  camp  near  Lifford : — "They  are  now  coioc 
to  the  tropic  or  turn-point  of  their  journey ;  for,  having  finished  the  services  which  were  to  be 
performed  in  Tyrconnell,  they  begin  to  return  homewards  from  hence  to  Fermanagh  ;  from  thence 
to  Cavan  ;  where  they  will  make  the  last  period  of  this  summer's  progress  or  circuit  The  descrip- 
tion or  maps  of  the  lands  are  made  here  as  in  the  former  counties.  Divers  persons  have  exhibited 
their  pretended  titles  to  lands  in  this  country,  whereof  some  are  merchants  of  the  Pale,  to  whom 
the  late  fugitive  Earl  of  Tyrconnell  had  mortgaged  great  scopes  of  land  for  small  sums  of  moocf 
{27) ;  others  are  natives  who  being  chiefs  of  septs,  suppose  their  long  continuance  of  posscsriflB 
under  O'Donnell  to  be  a  good  title  now  against  the  Crown  (28).  Besides,  some  of  their  widow 
claim  jointures  and  dowers,  though,  by  their  own  Irish  law,  no  woman  may  have  any  estate  in  d* 
land  (29).     But  all  these  titles  appear  to  be  void  or  voidable  in  English  law,  so  that  the  pretcndei* 


(27).  Sums  of  money, — Among  these  *  great  scopes,* 
perhaps  the  greatest  was  that  mortgaged  by  the  earl  to 
Nicholas  Weston,  an  alderman  and  merchant  of  Dublin, 
and  which  scope  consisted  of  no  less  than  29  quarters  of 
land  in  Portlagh  and  Tirebrassil.  ** Thereupon,"  says 
Davys,  "termino  Mich.  4*^  Jacobi,  [the  earl]  did  levy  a 
fine  and  suffer  a  common  recovery  of  the  said  lands  to 
the  use  of  Weston  and  his  heirs.  This  conveyance  is 
void  in  law."  Another  case  by  a  Dublin  merchant  is 
stated  by  Dav>'s  in  his  Abstract  thus: — "Termino  Mi- 
chaelis,  3*^  Jocobi  [1605],  the  carl  suffered  another 
recovery  of  certain  lands  czilled  Kil  or  Kil  Mcltrien,  and 
other  parcels  of  land  in  the  barony  of  Kil  McCreenan, 
and  did  covenant  to  execute  an  estate  therein  unto  one 


Patrick  Conley  of  Dublin,  merchant,  and  aflerwudi  tk 
safd  earl  and  his  recoverers  did  execute  a  feofiafll 
thereof  unto  the  said  Conley,  which  feofhnent  is  diKed  ii 
Tune,  5^  Jacobi  [1607],  which  was  not  above  three  moolAi 
before  the  earl  fled  out  of  this  kingdom  ;  this  iXMiiCfiitf 
is  also  void  in  law. 

(28).  Against  tfu  CrvTvn,— The  nati\-e  chiefe  of  trtti 
were  the  three  McSwmes,  O'Gallagher,  and  CBoqpft 
They  were  all  involved  in  Tyrconnell*s  ruin,  althflioi^ 
they  opposed  him,  and  complained  of  his  requizin^  tibn 
to  take  out  new  deeds  of  their  ancestral  land& 

(29).  In  tAe  /aif^.— These  widows  were  the  Eul  cl 
T^onnell's  mother,  the  widow  of  O'Boyle,  and  tbc 
widow  of  an  O'Donnell  gentleman. 


THE  COMMISSIONERS   OF   PLANTATION  AT  WORK. 


177 


ul  owners]  are  left  entirely  to  his  Majesty's  grace  and  bounty.  Every  title  whereupon  there 
any  doubt  shall  be  drawn  into  a  case  and  transmitted  over ;  but  because  the  dead  case, 
stion  shall  be  made  upon  it,  can  make  no  reply,  perhaps  it  will  be  needful  that  some  one 
^'  should  come  to  give  satisfaction  in  every  point  (30).  The  inquisition  taken  of  the 
ind  varies  but  little  in  substance  from  their  former  inquisitions.  The  bishops  have  rents 
s  out  of  the  Termon  lands,  but  the  proprietary  is  found  in  the  erenaghs  and  their 
[lere  are  more  parcels  of  land  of  this  nature  found  in  Enishowen  than  in  any  other 
hich  diminishes  not  a  little  the  value  of  the  Lord  Deputy's  portion  (31).  Thus  have  they 
I  in  this  county  of  Tyrconnell,  and  thus  has  he  presumed  to  trouble  his  Lordship  with 
idvertisements  out  of  every  county." 

Bmter  here  states  that  the  "description  or  maps"  were  being  made  in  Tyrconnell  as  in  the 
Qties,  but  the  map-makers  had  not  completed  their  outlines  until  late  in  the  evening 
h — the  day  following  the  date  of  the  foregoing  letter.  How  they  were  able  to  do  even 
ii  a  region  as  Donegal,  and  also  to  mark  off  the  several  proportions  in  each  precinct 
I  time  given  is  a  mystery.  They  must  have  done  so  much  work  on  the  field,  however, 
[  them  to  report  Of  the  seven  sub-divisions  or  baronies  in  Donegal,  there  were  only  five 
or  plantation — one  [Inishowen]  having  been  granted  to  the  deputy,  and  another  [Tirhugh] 
Trinity  College.  The  commissioners  divided  the  lands  remaining  into  five  precincts, 
iffer,  Portlough,  Boylagh,  Doe,  and  Fawnett  i.  The  precinct  oi  Lijfer^  or  Lifford^  which 
15,000  acres,  was  cast  into  eleven  proportions,  two  great,  four  middle,  and  five  small 

a  royal  fishing,  because  Loughfoylc  is  a  navigable  river 
as  far  as  the  LifTord,  and  ebt»  and  flows  to  the  latter,  but 
the  water  is  fresh,  and  so  it  was  never  granted  to  the 
Earl,  and  no  special  mention  of  that  fishing  is  in  his 
letters  patent;  and  consequently,  he  had  no  power  to 
convey  the  same,  but  general  words  of  all  fishings  belong 
to  Tyrconnell,  which  extends  to  the  river,  and  the  river 
divides  Tyrone  and  TyrconnelL" 

(31).  Lord  Deputy s  portion, — Considering  the  immense 
extent  of  the  deputjr^  grant — nearly  200,000  acres — 
neither  he  nor  his  friend  Davys  need  have  grudged  the 
herenagh  and  termon  lands  therein,  except  inde^  irom 
the  circumstance  that  these  fragments  were  better  cuiti- 
vated  than  the  other  portions  throughout  Inishowen. 
The  following  are  the  herenagh  and  termon  lands 
reserved  in  Chichester's  ^rant  of  the  barony  of  Inish- 
owen, including  sixty  acres  for  glebe  in  each  of  the 
parishes  undermentioned : — Six  quarters  in  the  parish 
of  Faughan,  with  60  acres  adjoining  the  parish  church 
of  Faughan ;  two  quarters  in  the  parish  of  Desertynny, 
with  60  acres  adjoining  the  parish  church  ;  three  Quarters 
in  the  parish  of  Clonmany,  with  60  acres  adjoinmg  the 
parish  church ;  three  quarters  in  the  parish  of  Donnagh- 
clantagh,  with  60  acres  adjoining  the  parish  church  ;  six 

Quarters  in  the  parish  of  Clonka,  with  60  acres  adjoinixig 
le  parish  church ;  three  quarters  in  the  parish  of  Col- 
dagh,  with  60  acres  adjoining  the  parish  church ;  four 
quarters  in  Uie  parish  of  Moyyille,  with  60  acres  adjoin- 
ing the  parish  cnurch  of  MoviUe  ;  in  all,  27  quarters,  or 
about  6,620  acres.  The  quarter  of  a  ballybetagh  was 
reckoned  at  240  acres  Irish  measure. 


very  point. — Davys  had  quite  a  talent,  added 

taste,  for  drawing  out  cases  in  favour  of  the 
;ainst  the  native  landowners  of  Ulster,  which, 
;  a  comparatively  easy  task  to  any  lawyer 
the  act  known  as  the  i  ith  of  Elizabeth.  This 
s  the  *dead  case,'  would  hardly,  perhaps, 
.  any  uneasiness  had  not  the  interests  of  James 

special  favourite  of  the  King,  been  somewhat 
ved  The  case  was  comphcated,  and  made 
Dubtful  by  the  then  recent  death  of  the  Earl 
elL  It  was  thus  stated  in  substance  by 
The  Earl  by  his  deed,  dated  Feb.  28  [1603], 
ito  Nicholas  Weston  and  his  heirs  the  moiety 
ag  of  Loughfoyle,  in  Tyrconnell,  for  i,oco 
condition  that  if  the  Earl  did  pay  200/. 
»Veston,  that  lease  should  be  void,  and  that 
lid  hold  the  same  for  seven  years  only ;  and 
by  another  deed,  dated  26  Feb.  [1604],  the 
int  the  said  moiety  of  the  fishings  of  Lough- 

ihe  same  did  not  extend  two  miles  above 
tie,  unto  James  Hamilton  and  others,  and 
rendering  10/.  rent  per  annum.  Afterwards, 
Vlichaelmas  term  [1605],  a  common  recovery 

in  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  at  Dublin, 
fishings,  wherein  the  Earl  was  vouched  and 
I  the  warranty  and  vouchers,  which  recovery 
se  of  James  Hamilton  and  his  heirs.     These 

are  void  against  his  Majesty,  because  the 
r  dead,  and  the  said  recovery  was  suffered 
ason  whereof  the  Earl  is  attainted,  was  com- 
ides,  we  take  the  fishing  of  Loughfoyle  to  be 


178 


THE   PLANTATION   IN   ULSTER. 


2.  The  precinct  oi  Portlough^  containing  12,000  acres,  was  cast  into  twelve  small  propoi 
1,000  acres  each.  3.  The  precinct  of  Boylagh^  which  contained  10,000  acres,  was  divic 
eight  proportions,  one  great,  two  middle,  and  five  small  4.  The  precinct  oi  Doe,  containini 
acres,  was  made  into  ten  proportions,  two  great,  one  middle,  and  seven  small  5.  The  pre 
Fawnctty  having  13,000  acres  available  for  plantation,  afforded  also  ten  proportions,  two  gi 
middle,  and  six  small. 

VL 

By  the  time  these  several  matters  were  brought  to  a  close  at  the  Liffer,  it  was  late  in  the  ei 
the  13th — so  late,  indeed,  that  the  camp  had  gone  before  ten  miles  on  the  road  to  Fermanagh, 
all,"  says  their  chronicler,  "but  the  Bishop  of  Perry  were  enforced  to  ride  in  the  night  to  ti 
The  14th  day,  being  Thursday,  they  rose  early,  being  environed  with  strong  waters,  and  pj 
the  Omey,  some  five  miles  towards  Fermanagh  (32).  Friday  morning,  the  15th,  the  Lord 
urged  the  writer,  not  being  well,  to  go  from  the  camp  to  Monaghan  to  Sir  Edward  Blaii 
recovery  of  his  health,  and  the  dispatch  of  the  assize  there  (33),  whilst  his  Lordship  and 
with  Mr.  Attorney,  were  in  Fermanagh;  which  he  performed  the  12th  day  [i6th  day]  a 


(32).  Fermanagk, — The  commissioners  travelled  along 
the  old  road  between  Coleraine  and  Enniskillen.  The 
'strong  waters*  were  evidently  the  streams  now  known 
as  the  Drumragh  and  Camowen,  which  unite  to  form 
the  Strule  at  Omagh.  Hie  road,  to  the  borders  of  Fer- 
managh, lay  through  the  parish  of  Drumragh  in  the 
barony  of  Omagh,  and  we  can  easily  understand,  from 
the  following  modem  account  of  this  district,  how  the 
'foul  weather'  producing  floods,  caused  the  'waters'  to 
appear  so  'strong'  and  'environing'  to  the  eyes  of  the 
commissioners  : — "The  surface  is  a  somewhat  intricate 
series  of  devious  and  almost  indefinable  vaUeys,  separated 
by  rising  grounds,  hills,  and  the  spurs  of  mountains  ;  and 
it  commands,  from  various  points,  a  sort  of  profile  view 
of  the  vast  highland  district  which  forms  the  great  tableau 
between  the  basin  of  Lough  Neagh  and  the  western  ocean. 
About  five-sixths  of  the  land  is  arable,  and  the  remainder 
is  bog  and  mountain.  Rills  and  rivulets  of  different  and 
chans^eful  names,  the  chief  of  which  is  the  Camowen 
[crooked  river],  combine  within  the  parish  to  form  the 
Strule."     See  Parliamentary  Gatetteer^  voL  ii.,  p.  89. 

(33).  Assise  there. — The  'writer,'  who  was  thus  to 
visit  Monaghan  for  the  double  purpose  of  recovering 
his  health  and  conducting  the  assize  business  at  that 
place,  was  Sir  Hiunphrey  Winche.  This  lawyer  was 
knighted  in  1606,  when  about  to  come  to  Ireland  as 
chief  baron.  On  the  iith  of  November  in  that  year  a 
court  scribe  named  John  Chamberlain,  when  writing  to 
Dudley  Carleton,  has  the  following  brief  reference  to  this 
matter  : — "  The  King  gone  to  Richmond.  On  Satur- 
day he  kniehted  little  Winch  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  who  is 
gomg  as  chief  baron  into  Ireland."  During  his  brief 
sojourn  in  this  country,  Winche  endeavoured  to  introduce 
reform  in  the  manner  of  keeping  the  public  records  here, 
which  must  have  been  so  much  required  at  the  time. 
The  special  evil,  however,  of  which  he  complained  was 
not  remedied  for  several  years  afterwards.     It  is  men- 


tioned in  the  following  short  letter  to  Chiche 
the  council  in  London: — "Information  havi 
been  given  by  Sir  Humphrey  Winche,  chief  j 
the  urgent  necessity  of  providing  fitting  depoa 
the  s^Se  keeping  of  records  of^attainders,  in; 
surveys,  and  other  public  documents,  for  want 
they  have  remained  in  the  custody  of  officer 
private  houses,  he  fChichester]  is  to  take  orda 
place  be  assigned  and  proper  receptacles  be  pn 
the  safe  custody  of  the  public  records.  And, 
advice  of  the  chief  justice  and  others  of  the  o 
is  to  appoint  some  persons  of  sufficiency  and 
to  take  charge  of  them.  Whitehall,  8  F^>niax7, 
This  important  matter  had  been  pressed  npcm  I 
tion  of  the  Irish  government  in  Tanoaiy,  16 
appears  to  have  remained  unheeded.  Ajdoo 
'Memorials'  drawn  up  in  that  year  for  "t 
reformation  of  the  kingdom  of  Ireland,"  the 
following :— "That  all  tiie  King's  Recoids  b 
better  order,  especially  the  attainders  and  offices 
the  King  is  entitled  to  any  lands.  That  ca& 
made  of  those  records  and  especial  places  appi 
the  fast  keeping  of  them,  for  it  appeareth  t 
records  of  that  nature  are  either  embesiled  [e 
or  rated,  and  yet  not  well  known  in  whose  tin 
whose  negligence,  and  many  of  tbe  records  t 
carried  away  and  kept  in  private  houses.  1 
strict  course  be  held,  that  if  those  that  have  a 
King's  records  do  not  bring  them  in  by  a  day,  \ 
they  shall  be  grievously  punished.  Many 
papers,  notwithstanding,  have  been  carried  ofl 
a  few  irretrievably  lost  For  an  interesting  1 
the  Philadelphia  Papers^  illustrating  theiSin 
of  Chichester  himself,  their  migration  acros: 
lantic,  and  their  recovenr,  see  Preface  to  the  fii 
of  Russell's  and  Prendfeigast's  Calendar^  pp. 


xciv. 


THE   COMMISSIONERS   OF   PLANTATION   AT  WORK. 


179 


[the  writer]  was  in  his  travel  enforced  to  Sir  Cormocke  McBaron's  house,  now  prisoner  in  the 
pv'er.  His  lady  gave  them  house-room,  but  had  neither  bread,  drink,  meat,  nor  linen  to 
come  them,  yet  kindly  helped  them  to  two  or  three  muttons  from  her  tenants.     At  Monaghan 

ended  the  business  on  Friday,  the  22nd  of  September,  and  then  the  Lord  Deputy  and 
rest  ended  at  Fermanagh."  Although  the  deputy  had,  at  first,  lauded  .the  position  of 
igoole  on  the  Erne,  he  afterwards  saw  reasons  to  change  his  opinion  in  favour  of  Enniskillen, 
i  he  now  encamped  at  the  latter  place,  there  being  then  an  English  garrison  in  the  old  castle  of 
:  Maguires  (34).  With  the  exception  of  Sir  Humphry  Winche,  who  had  gone  to  Monaghan,  the 
Qe  commissioners  were  present  at  Enniskillen.  The  following  were  the  names  of  the  jurors 
icted  to  assist  them  : — 


1.  Donnell  McGuire,  deane  of  Logheme. 

2.  Shane  McHugh. 

3.  Brian  0*Corchran. 

4.  Owen  OTlannigan. 

5.  Brian  McThomas. 

6.  Shane  McEnabbe  McGuire. 

7.  Rorie  O'Corrigan. 

8.  Patrick  McDonnell. 


9.  Patrick  McHugh  McGuire. 

10.  Brian  McDoile  McCabe. 

11.  Cormocke  0*Cassidie. 

12.  Hugh  O'Flannigan. 

13.  Gillegaire  0*Hoane. 

14.  Richard  O'Hoane. 

15.  Cahill  McGuire. 


The  commissioners  reached  Enniskillen  on  the  evening  of  the  14th,  and  continued  busily  at 
ork  until  the  evening  of  the  22nd.  They  adopted  as  their  precincts  the  six  several  baronies  of 
ennanagh,  viz.,  Clancally,  Coolmakeman,  Knockninny,  Magheraboy,  Clanawly,  and  the  two  half 
aronies  of  Code  and  Tircanada.  i.  The  precinct  of  Clancally  was  found  to  contain  only  5,000 
cres  available  for  plantation,  which  quantity  was  divided  into  four  proportions,  two  middle  and 
»o  small  2.  Coolmakcrnan  contained  9,000  acres,  in  which  were  found  8  proportions,  two  middle, 
nd  six  small  3.  Knockninny  contained  9,000  acres,  this  quantity  being  cast  into  six  proportions 
-two  great,  two  middle,  and  two  small.  4.  Magheraboy  contained  9,000  acres,  which  made  6 
roportions,  two  great,  two  middle,  and  two  small.  5.  Clanawly  contained  6,000  acres  available, 
ivided  into  4  proportions,  two  great  and  two  small.  6.  The  two  half-baronies  of  Cook  and 
^rtanada  contained  10,000  acres,  which  made  10  small  proportions  of  1,000  acres  each. 

While  the  lands  were  thus  being  measured  and  thrown  into  proportions,  the  assizes  were  held, 
Dd  the  Inquisition  taken.     The  latter  court  sat  on  the  i8th,  and,  as  in  the  other  counties,  the 


(34).  Old  castle  of  the  Maguires, — The  constable  of  this 
istle  was  Captain  William  Cole,  who  had  not  onlv  the 
ttnumd  of  a  ward  therein,  but  also  the  superintendence 
^  1  certain  number  of  war-boats  and  barges  on  Lough 
rue.    The  foUowing  year,  May  20,   1610,  the  council 

London,  writing  to  Chichester,  "recommend  to  him 
iptain  William  Cole,  whose  name  already  appears 
a  list  of  those  fit  to  be  undertakers,  furnished  by 

Aithur  (see  pp.  85,  86).  They  are  satisfied  of  his 
iciencv  to  mamtain  a  reasonable  proportion,  and  are 
re  of  nis  merits.     And  as  he  has  a  commission  for  the 


charge  of  his  Majesty's  boats  in  Lough  Yeame  [Erne], 
and  for  the  keeping  of  the  castle  of  EnniskiUen,  they 
suggest  that  he  should  be  assigned  a  servitor's  portion 
as  near  as  may  be  to  the  said  castle,  which  otherwise  will 
be  very  destitnte  of  demesne,  as  the  lands  next  adjacent 
to  the  castle  have  fallen  to  the  lot  of  some  Scottish 
gentlemen  in  the  distribution  of  the  precincts,  and  cannot 
be  altered."  The  suggestion  here  mentioned  by  such 
potent  advisers  was  duly  attended  to,  as  we  shall  see,  by 
the  lord  deputy. 


l8o  THE  PLANTATION  IN  ULSTER. 

jurors  clearly  established  the  fact  that  the  termon  and  herenagh  lands  had  belonged  not  to  t^ 
bishopsi  but  to  the  native  septs.     Their  account  of  the  origin  of  these  holdings  is  perhaps 
interesting  than  any  statements  on  this  subject  by  the  jurors  of  other  counties.    It  is  as  follows 
**  And  further,  the  said  jurors  doe,  uppon  their  oathes  say,  that  the  said  herenagh  landes  were  Sti^ 
given  by  the  temporall  lordes  to  certaine  sainctes  free  from  any  duty  or  exaction  whatsoever,  to  t&e 
ende  the  said  sainctes  should  maintaine  the  church,  celebrate  divine  service,  and  keepe  hospitalitie; 
and  that  of  the  said  sainctes  some  were  confessors,  some  deacons,  and  some  virgins ;  and  that  db 
said  sainctes  (before  they  ceased),  chose  out  some  septs  from  the  most  respected,  and  gave  aolD 
every  sept  a  proportion  of  lande,  to  be  equally  with  them  and  their  posteritie  inherited  foiever;  lo 
the  same  uses  and  intentes,  and  to  maintaine  the  same  rites  for  which  the  said  lands  were  fonnerib 
given  to  the  said  sainctes,  and  that  thereupon  one  or  more  of  the  said  septs  were  placed  in  evtrie 
parishe  for  the  better  maintenance  of  the  church  and  keepinge  of  hospitalitie  according  to  the 
maininge  of  said  sainctes ;  and  that  the  said  septs  or  the  sainctes  before  them,  desiroos  to 
maintaine  the  churche  and  the  liberties  thereof  which  they  enjoyed,  did  voluntarilie  give  unto  the 
bushopp  within  whose  diocese  they  lived,  certain  pencions  and  other  duties  as  they  are  above  aelt 
downe,  to  the  ende  the  said  bushopp  should  protect  them  and  their  liberties ;  and  that  untfl  the 
said  pencions  and  duties  were  so  voluntarilie  given,  the  bushopp  never  had,  or  claimed  to  have  to 
doe  either  with  the  said  land  or  the  tenants  thereof,  and  that  from  thenceforth  the  bushopp  took 
upon  him  the  protection  of  the  said  septs  and  of  their  lands,  and  gave  to  every  chiefe  of  a  sept  the 
name  of  herenagh,  whereof  the  land  was  first  called  herenagh ;  and  the  said  jurors  also  say,  uppoo 
their  oathes,  that  the  said  herenaghe  himselfe  was  to  be  first  elected  by  the  sept  amongst  themsdveik 
and  to  be  confirmed  by  the  bushopp,  and  that  if  the  said  sept  could  not  agree,  then  the  electiot 
belonged  to  the  bushopp,  dean,  and  chapter,  but  that  the  bushopp  alwaies  confirmed  the  flU 
herenagh  soe  elected,  and  that  for  confirmacion  receaved  such  fees  and  duties  propoitiooablie  • 
for  the  institutinge  anie  clerkes  into  a  benefice;  nevertheless,  the  said  jurors  say  that  the  inhftittf^ 
and  sole  propertie  of  the  land  remained  in  the  sept,  and  that  if  any  time  the  sept  wtxtqiH^ 
extinct,  yet  the  bushopp  had  noe  power  either  to  detaine  the  landes  in  his  owne  possession,  or  to 
dispose  of  it  to  any  other  person,  but  to  such  a  sept  whereof  he  would  chouse  another  herenii^t^ 
performe  those  duties  and  rights  in  the  churche  that  the  former  herenaghes  had  done,  and  M 
then  alsoe  the  said  bushopp  could  not  alter  or  increase  his  former  rent,  pencion,  or  dutiei ;  tfl 
the  said  jurors  alsoe  saie  uppon  their  oathes,  that  it  was  in  the  election  of  the  sept  to  make  aflis 
parte  of  their  lande  free,  payinge  the  bushopp  duly  out  of  the  rest,  and  that  if  the  herena^  or  Of 
other  of  his  sept,  had  made  a  forfeiture  of  his  porcion,  it  came  not  to  the  bushopp,  but  Hi    j 
partible  betwixt  the  whole  sept" 

As  an  illustration  of  what  the  bishop  claimed  and  received  from  these  herenagh  landsi  ofll 
only  in  Fermanagh,  but  generally  throughout  Ulster,  we  extract  the  following  passage  from  tUl 
Inquisition: — "The  lord  bishop  of  Clogher  is  seised  in  fee,  in  right  of  his  bushopricke  of  Qq|jhc^ 
of  and  in  the  rent,  refeccions,  and  duties  followinge,  issuinge  out   of  the  herenaghe  land  tf 
Maghericoolmanny,  containinge  two  quarters  and  three  acres  of  the  newe  measure^  makix^ 


THE   COMMISSIONERS   OF   PLANTATION   AT   WORK.  l8l 

ers  one  acre  and  a  halfe  of  the  ould  measure,  whereof  Phelim  O'Muldowne  is  the  herenagh, 
aath  three  acres  of  the  same  free,  viz.,  of  and  in  the  yearly  rent  of  two  markes  per  annum« 
)  marke  being  but  twentie  and  six  groates  stirlinge,  and  two  white  groates,  and  alsoe  four 
i'lefeccions  in  the  bushopps'  two  visitacions,  and  not  else;  viz.,  two  nightes  in  May  visitacion, 
¥0  nightes  at  Alhallontide  visitacion,  and  for  want  of  flesh  and  wine,  or  aquavite,  fower 
ges ;  and  alsoe  at  everie  hallontide  halfe  a  beofe,  or  three  shillinges  and  fower  pence^  and 
ffi-oghans  of  oate  bredde,  or  five  shillinges  in  lieu  thereof."  In  the  concluding  paragraph  of 
jurors'  report,  they  state  that,  as  the  late  Sir  Hugh  Maguire  was  rightful  owner  of  the  lands 
managh  by  grant  from  Queen  Elizabeth  to  his  father,  and  as  he  [Sir  Hugh]  was  slain  in 
on,  all  the  estates  excepting  Church  lands  therein,  were  vested  in  the  Crown.  Their  words 
"Uppon  their  oathes  that  old  Coconnaght  McGuire  did,  in  the  late  Queene  Elizabeth's 
unrender  upp  to  the  crowne  the  whole  countrie  of  Fermanagh  als  McGuire's  centre,  as  by 
»rd  thereof  appearethe,  unto  which  record  the  said  jurors  doe  herein  refer  themselves,  and 
lereupon  the  said  late  Queene  did,  by  letters  patents  under  the  greate  seale  of  Ireland^ 
It  unto  the  said  Coconnaght  an  estate  of  inheritance  in  the  said  countrie,  by  virtue  whereof 
d  Coconnaght  was  seised,  and  being  soe  seised  thereof  died,  and  that  by  and  after  his  death 
id  countrie  descended  to  his  sonne  Hugh  McGuire,  who  was  likewise  thereof  seised,  and 
e  said  Hugh  McGuire  being  soe  seised,  was  slaine  in  actuall  rebellion  against  the  said  late 
e  Elizabeth."    For  the  events  in  Fermanagh  after  Sir  Hugh's  death,  see  pp.  6i,  109,  no. 

n  the  day  of  taking  this  Inquisition — the  i8th — Chichester  wrote  to  Salisbury  from  the 
lear  *  Enishkeelyn,'  referring  to  the  work  then  in  hand  as  follows : — "  Have  now  with  much 
and  some  difficulty  gone  through  with  the  survey  and  other  business  in  the  counties  of 
Ji,  Tyrone,  Coleraine,  the  county  and  [of  the]  city  of  Deny,  and  Donegal,  and  are  already 
i  into  the  like  for  this  county  of  Fermanagh.  In  the  first  two  counties  they  had  the 
ny  and  assistance  of  the  Lord  Chancellor  and  Lord  Primate  of  Armagh,  when  the  lord 
tllor  growing  sickly  and  very  weak,  they,  with  much  ado,  persuaded  his  return,  sore  against 
L  In  the  county  of  Coleraine,  soon  after  the  Chancellor's  departure,  they  were  overtaken 
Lord  Bishop  of  Deny,  who  has  been  as  well  a  party  as  a  commissioner,  in  the  lands  sought 
the  title  of  ecclesiastical  or  church  lands  [the  herenagh  lands],  ever  since  that  time ;  so  that 
sive  done  nothing  in  that  kind  without  the  presence  and  test  of  two  prelates  of  the  church ; 
this  survey  and  inquiry  help  them  [the  prelates]  not,  it  is  apparent  that  they  [the  commis- 
]  did  but  their  duty  in  the  last  [commission  of  1608],  and  that  some  of  them  [the  prelates] 
that  of  right,  which  they  must  have  of  grace,  if  they  possess  it  all.  Wishes  they  [the  prelates] 
tve  it  [the  herenagh  land]  according  to  the  King's  good  pleasure,  but  cannot  so  digress  from 
7  and  service  he  owes  to  his  Sovereign  as  to  feed  the  unsatiable  humours  of  craving  men, 
liey  tend  to  his  Majesty's  loss  or  dishonor,  in  order  thereby  to  preserve  himself  from  their 
\d  complaints.  The  labour  and  travel  ended,  it  will  require  good  time  to  digest  it  into  form 
thod  fit  to  be  presented  to  his  Majesty  and  his  Lordship  [Salisbury] ;  so  that  he  thinks  it 
near  Christmas  before  they  will  send  it"  [the  result  of  the  surveys  and  inquisitions]. 


l82 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER, 


Two  days  after  the  date  of  Chichester's  letter,  from  which  the  foregoing  is  an  extras 
wrote  to  Salisbury  his  periodical  account  of  their  progress,  and  his  communication  from  F 
is  certainly  not  the  least  interesting  of  the  series.  "Hitherto,"  says  he,  "has  not  omitted 
tise  his  Lordship  briefly  of  their  proceedings  in  every  county  wherein  they  have  exec 
commission.  Have  now  finished  their  service  in  Fermanagh,  which  is  so  pleasant  and 
country  that  if  he  should  make  a  full  description  thereof  it  would  rather  be  taken  for 
fiction,  than  for  a  true  and  serious  narration  (35).  The  fresh  lake  called  Lough  Erne  (b< 
than  40  miles  in  length,  and  abounding  in  fresh  water  fish  of  all  kinds,  and  containing  100 
islands),  divides  that  county  into  two  parts ;  the  land  on  either  side  of  the  lough  risin 
hills  of  80  or  100  acres  apiece,  is  the  fattest  and  richest  soil  in  all  Ulster  (36).  Here  h 
merchant  called  Maximilian  [van  der  Lever],  who,  like  the  rest  of  his  nation,  is  dili 
industrious  to  improve  the  commodities  of  this  kingdom.  He  makes  suit  to  the  Lord  Dc 
a  colony  of  Hollanders  may  be  planted  on  the  islands  in  this  lough.  If  his  deman< 
unreasonable,  they  wish  his  suit  may  be  granted ;  for  a  plantation  of  the  Dutch  in  this  pla 
a  great  encouragement  and  benefit  to  the  undertakers ;  for  by  their  industry  all  the  cot 
will  be  wrought  and  vented,  and  the  lake  will  be  so  full  of  boats  and  barks,  that  they  will  1 
strength  to  all  the  civil  inhabitants  round  about  (37).     About  the  inquiry  of  the  churdi 


(35).  Serious  narration, — Davys  was  careiiil  to  show 
hb  high  appreciation  of  the  beauty  and  fertility  of  Fer- 
managh, as  well  by  words  as  in  the  more  practical  way 
of  becoming  an  undertaker  of  lands  therein.  We  shall 
see  that  he  secured  for  himself  a  middle-sized  proportion 
in  its  choicest  soil  and  most  charming  sceneiy,  near  Lis- 
goole  and  adjoining  Enniskillen.  The  lands  thus  selected 
by  him  lie  in  that  part  of  the  parish  of  Rossory  which 
belongs  to  the  barony  of  Glenawley,  and  are  now  owned 
by  a  gentleman  named  Jones.  The  estate  is  situate  along 
the  left  bank  of  the  Erne,  where  the  surface  presents  a 
meadow-like  appearance,  and  consists  evidently  of  first- 
class  soil  That  Davys  had  a  keen  and  clear  eye  for  the 
beautiful  in  nature  may  be  fairly  inferred  firom  the  fact 
that  the  whole  parish  in  which  his  proportion  lay,  whilst 
backed  by  hills,  was  then  almost  literally  surrounded  bv 
pleasant  waters.  A  little  river  flows  through  the  parish 
m  an  eastward  direction  to  the  Erne  ;  whilst  the  surface 
is  varied  by  the  four  little  loughs  of  Laragh,  Rossole, 
Lankill,  and  Ballaghmore.  This  district,  however,  was 
not  only  attractive  in  its  natural  aspects,  but  thoroughly 
so  by  its  historical  associations,  and  Davys,  no  doubt, 
felt  that  the  value  of  his  lands  here  was  enhanced  by  the 
fact  of  their  adjoining  the  ancient  and  renowned  abbey  of 
Lisgoole.  The  early  annals  of  Ireland  contain  many 
passages  referring  to  the  deaths  of  its  abbots  and  learned 
men,  and  many  others  which  record  the  burial  in  its 
cemetery  of  Maguires,  lords  of  Fermanagh.  Almost  ad- 
joining the  banks  is  Iniskeen,  *  the  beautiful  island,'  once 
the  site  of  the  principal  church  of  the  district  includine 
Enniskillen.  '*  Portions  of  stone  crosses  of  early  Irish 
type  indicate  the  very  ancient  importance  of  the  place, 
and  the  cemetery  is  still,  next  to  that  of  Devenish,  the 
most  sought  for  place  of  sepulture,  amongst  the  old 
lamilies  of  the  district."  See  Wakeman's  Guide  to  Lough 
Erne,  p.  5S. 


(36).  In  all  C/lster.—Ste  p.  106-1 1 1.     This 
ence  to  the  Lough  and  its  islands  bv  Davys  if 
because  characteristic  of  the  man,  who  was  mbJ 
not  knowing  much  of  the  district,  to  touch 
topics  of  interest  in  his  own  attractive  style. 
statements  he  makes  on  this  subject  are  genen 
indeed  surprisingly  so,  when  we  consider  hot 
he  had  to  take  notes,  and  how  many  grave  n 
then  pressing  on  his  attention.     He  speaks  on] 
terms,  however,  as  to  the  size  of  the  lake,  the 
its  islands,  and  the  country  on  e^ch  side.     1 
the  Upper  Lake  is  about  9,453  acres,  and 
Lower  Lake  27,645  acres.     The  county  of 
includes  36,348  acres  of  the  entire  area  of  the 
coimty  of  Cavan,  about  749  acres;  and  tlM 
Donegal  only  one  acre  and  22  perches.     Dav] 
tion  of  the  land  on  each  side  of  the  Loo^  as 
little  hills"  is  generally  correct,  for  undnlatit 
gently  swellinjgr  hiUs,  form  the  greater  part  < 
marpn  and  sky-line  of  the  grand  valley,  altl 
are  low  meadowy  flats  broad^  fringing  large 
both  the  upper  and  lower  lakes. 

(37).  Round  about, — Perhaps  there  b  no  pe 
in  the  ancient  or  modem  history  of  Irelaa 
these  northmen,  under  one  name  or  other, 
found,  either  as  invaders  or  traders,  jprowliii| 
bays  and  loughs  of  Ulster.  Lough  Foyle  anc 
appear  to  have  had  for  them  special  attractioc 
have  heard  of  a  Dutch  Tracts  printed  towards 
the  sixteenth  century,  and  containingproposals; 
Dutchmen  to  colonise  the  shores  adjoming  that 
such  a  proposal  was  made,  there  can  be  no  < 
is  distinctly  referred  to  in  1604  by  a  lawyer  nan 
Hadsor,  in  a  Discourse  touching  IreUmd^  ai 
"And  that  the  offer  made  by  Dntcfamen 
Loughfoyle,  upon  the  borders  of  the  country 


THE   COMMISSIONERS   OF   PLANTATION   AT   WORK. 


183 


tos  county,  there  has  grown  a  difference  between  the  old  Archbishop  of  Cashel  and  the  Bishop  of 
Derry  and  Clogher,  who,  in  the  right  of  his  bishoprick  of  Clogher,  claims  all  the  patrimony  of  the 
archbishop  in  these  parts,  for  the  archbishop's  father  was  a  corb  or  erenagh  of  the  termon  wherein 
St.  Patrick's  Purgatory  stands,  called  Termon  Magragh.  The  archbishop  long  since,  in  Queen 
Elizabeth's  time,  obtained  letters  out  of  England  that  his  father's  surrender  should  be  accepted,, 
and  a  grant  made  by  letters  patent,  which  was  done  accordingly,  and  the  archbishop  inherits  that 
land  by  virtue  of  the  Queen's  grant.  Howbeit,  because  the  Bishop  of  Clogher  has  a  rent  out  of 
that  termon,  he  claims  the  possession  by  virtue  of  his  Majesty's  letter  (38). .  The  estate  of  the 


of  Tyrone,  upon  such  conditions  as  shall  be  thought  fit 

by  lus  Majesty,  be  accepted,  and  certain  of  his  civil 

subjects  be  joined  with  them,  whose  trades  and  example 

nay  draw  the  people  [the  Irish]  to  grow  civil."    This 

prc^x)sal  no  doubt,  fell  through  from  the  fact  that,  in  the 

jear  mentioned,  the  two  northern  earls  had  received 

ie-^;ruits  of  their  estates,  and  were  not  particularly  anxious 

to  introduce  colonists  from  Holland  to  lands  which  were 

occupied  by  native  tenants.     These  immigrants,  however, 

irere  encouraged  in  England  principally  because  they  were 

]^iotestants,  and  had  been  dnven  out  of  their  own  land  by 

leUgioos  persecution.      The    Spanish  authorities  were 

&qmeted  because  of  the  Hollanders  finding  a  refuge  in 

the  British  islands ;  and,  when  rated  afterwards  by  an 

%h  ambassador,  for  their  kindly  reception  of  Irish 
they  retorted  by  referring  to  the  case  of  the  Dutch 
idiDigees.    In  a  dispatch  from  Sir  Ch.  Comwallis  to  the 
ooondl  in  London,  dated  March,  1609,  the  writer  states 
that  when  the  Spanish  secretaiy  was  pressed  on  the  point 
cf  his  government's  sympathy  for  O'Neill  and  O'Donnell, 
'*he  retaliates  about  the  harbouring  of  the  Dutch  in 
^^;  and  when  answered  that  the  cases  are  very 
woe&t,  as  the  Dutch  repaired  to  England  in  order  to 
fltt  fire  and  not  in  order  to  kindle  it,  he  shrinks  up  his 
ihoolderi,  and  says  that  the  King  has    obligations  to 
lone  of  these  poor  Irish  and  to  the  rest  in  charity." 
^^^herever  any  of  these  Dutchmen  settled  in  Ireland  they 
soon  made  themselves  known  as  industrious  and  enlight- 
^  members  of  society.     Some  of  them  were  well 
^nown  as  engineers.     Chichester,  writing  to  the  council 
>o  London  on  the  28th  of  February,  1605,  informs  them 
that  he  has  "two  engineers  here,  Dutchmen,  whom  he 
^  required  by  his  Majesty's  letters  heretofore  to  dis- 
c^ge  out  of  entertainment  [employment]  ;  yet  he  has, 
notwithstanding,  in  all  dutifulness,  thought  fit  to  retain 
them  here  stilX  knowing  that  there  wifi  be  necessary 
^  for  them,  if  the  works  be  taken  in  hand.     To  the 
^  he  gives  some  small  entertainment  of  the  King's,  to 
to  the  (kher,  of  his  own.     For  he  knows  that  Sir  Josias 
^odley  cannot  alone  superintend  the  several  works  in  all 
places  at  once,  nor  yet  curiously  the  works  and  workmen, 
a  such  sort  as  he  wishes  and  purposes  shall  be  done." 
Hie  Dutchman,  Maximilian  Van  der  Lever,   however, 
*hom  Davys  recommends  so  strenuously  in  connection 
with  the  islands  in  Lough  Erne,  failed  in  obtaining  a 
fcothold  for  his  contemplated  colony, Just  as  his  brethren 
i^  failed  in  their  desi^  on  Lough  Foyle.     The  islands 
of  Loogh  Erne  appear  to  have  been  rather  too  attractive 
to  be  thus  summarily  handed  over  to  persons  from  a 
hrdgn  land,  especially  as  the  undertakers  could  fully 


appreciate  their  attractions,  and   turn    them,   perhaps, 
to  as  good  account. 

(38).  Majesty's  letter, — Bishop  Montgomery  was  gene- 
rally able  to  defeat  his  antagonist  when  the  struggle 
happened  to  arise  about  the  possession  of  land,  but  in 
confronting  old  Mulmorie  or  Myler  Magrath,  he  met  his 
match,  and  in  a  game  where  the  stakes  were  really 
worthy  the  peculiar  genius  of  both.  The  termon  for 
which  they  contended  was  a  noble  one,  and  if  it  could 
have  been  won  Montgomery  would  have  had  it,  but  the 
old  Archbishop  of  Cashel  was  able  to  show  a  card  which 
decided  the  conflict  in  his  favour,  and  which  he  had 
received  from  Queen  Elizabeth  in  part  payment  for  his 
temporary  renunciation  of  the  Pope.  This  was  no  other 
than  a  grant  of  the  lands  in  fee  over  which  his  (Myler's) 
father  had  been  herenagh,  and  which  grant  even  King 
James  could  not  set  aside  for  the  gratification  of  his 
'black  bishop,'  as  he  styled  Montgomery.  On  the  con- 
trary, the  termon  in  question  was  re-granted  from  the 
Crown,  in  1610,  to  James  Magrath,  the  old  archbi^op's 
son.  The  following  are  the  terms  of  this  grant,  which 
are  interesting,  especially  as  marking  the  1x)undaries  of 
the  Termon  :— "Grant  from  the  King  to  James  Magrath, 
of  Termon-Magrath,  Esq.,  in  the  confines  of  the  counties 
of  Fermanagh,  Tyrone,  and  Donegal.  The  site,  &c, 
of  the  late  priory,  monastery,  or  friary  of  canons  of 
Loughderge,  with  the  lands  of  Termon-Magrath,  con- 
taining one  ballybetagh,  or  four  quarters ;  Termon- 
Imoghan  [O'Mungan]  ballibetagh,  four  quarters ;  whose 
bounds  extend  in  length  from  the  bog  or  rivulet  called 
Eabher-Roe,  in  the  west  near  the  confines  of  Tire-Eadha 
[Aedh]  otherwise  Tirehugh,  near  O'Donnell's  country, 
to  the  river  Gleassie  Termon-Imoughan,  and  thence  to 
Curraghroe,  in  the  east  part  of  Termon-Imoughan  ;  and 
in  breadth  from  Curranliurge,  Fermanagh  county  south, 
to  Bamesmore  mountain  near  O'Donnell  s  country  north, 
bounded  by  the  river  Avaghleittragh,  and  thence  towards 
the  bog  and  river  called  l^bher-Roe,  thence  towards  the 
river  Owenboy,  thence  to  the  rivers  Mynaghteereog  and 
Leaghcarreaghan ;  and  so  as  the  river  Sraghan  runs  as 
far  as  the  tenement  formerly  occupied  by  Cornelius 
Fiond,  and  thence  along  the  course  of  the  river  Liath- 
anagh,  to  tbe  Red  River,  otherwise  Dearghe,  towards  the 
river  Avanloghhanboy,  and  towards  the  ford  of  Greanagh- 
dearg  to  the  bog  and  rivulet  of  Seskeanetullchaland  until 
that  water  falls  into  the  lough  of  Seifhine,  and  so  on  to 
the  river  Avanatearmon,  towards  the  river  or  brook  of 
TuUaghlarge,  and  in  the  circuit  of  the  mountain  or  hill  of 
Tullaghlarge  towards  the  mearing  of  the  lands  of  Curran- 
liurge, near  the  bog  called  Monetermond,  and  so  return- 


1 84 


TH£   PLANTATION   IN   ULSTER. 


erenaghes  and  tenants  of  the  Termon  lands  is  found  the  same  here  as  in  the  other  eountie 
description  of  the  country  in  maps  is  also  exactly  done,  and  the  people  are  satisfied  i 
administration  of  civil  justice.  And  now  they  are  passing  to  the  last  period  of  their  joun 
county  of  Cavan.    The  camp  in  Fermanagh  (39),  20  September,  1609." 

VIL 

It  would  appear  that  Sir  Humphrie  Winche's  indisposition  must  have  been  slight,  as 
his  travelling  companions  from  the  Lififer  to  Monaghan  (who  were  not  more  than  half  a  d 
number,  if  so  many)  were  able  to  discuss  "  two  or  three  muttons"  with  which  poor  Lady 
supplied  them  during  their  stay  in  her  desolated  castle.     Winche  says  nothing  about  Sir 


ing  to  the  river  Avantermond,  and  from  thence  to  Lough- 
erne,  into  which  the  said  river-  and  that  of  Avalettragh 
felL'  Licence  to  hold  a  Saturday  market,  and  a  fair  on 
l6th  July  and  the  day  after,  at  Cowlenver.  To  receive 
the  moiety  of  fugitives'  and  felons'  goods.  Licence  to 
divide  the  premises  into  several  precincts  of  i,ocx)  acres 
each  at  the  least,  and  to  impose  distinct  names  thereon, 
that  each  may  become  a  m^or,  with  a  demesne  of  300 
acres  or  thereabouts,  to  build  a  capital  house  within  seven 
years,  and  to  have  a  court  baron  in  each  manor.  Rent, 
2/.  Irish.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  Castle  of  Dublin, 
in  common  soccage,  for  a  fine  of  10/.  Irish.  22  December, 
1610."  See  Patent  Rolls,  James  I.,  p.  187.  The  re- 
mains of  an  old  building,  probably  the  'capital  house' 
above-mentioned,  stand  m  the  parish  of  Templecrone, 
barony  of  Tyrhugh,  and  on  the  lands  anciently  constitut- 
ing the  Termon  of  St  Daveog,  of  Lough  Derg,  of  which 
the  Magraths  were  hereditaiy  termoners.  Tradition 
ascribes  the  building — which  appears  to  have  been  a  sort 
of  fortress — to  Mykr  himself,  when  he  was  bishop  of 
Clogher,  to  which  diocese  he  was  appointed  on  the  1 8th 
September,  1570,  by  Queen  Elizabeth.  He  commenced 
his  career  as  a  Franciscan  friar,  and  was  soon  appointed 
by  Pope  Pius  V.  to  the  see  of  Down.  Father  Mooney 
speaks  of  him  in  161 7,  as  follows : — "Magrath  is  still 
alive,  extremely  old,  and  bedridden ;  cursed  by  the 
Protestants  for  wasting  the  revenues  and  manors  of  the 
ancient  see  of  Cashel,  and  derided  by  the  Catholics  who 
are  well  acauainted  with  his  drunken  habits.  Neverthe- 
less, from  ail  I  have  been  able  to  learn  of  Mamth,  there 
is  some  reason  to  hope  that  he  will  return  to  the  Church; 
and,  if  I  be  not  misinformed,  he  would  now  already  ex- 
change the  Rock  of  Cashel  for  that  of  the  Capitoline, 
where  he  spent  his  youth."  See  Meehan's  Franciscan 
Monasteries^  p.  81. 

(39).  In  Fermanagh, — The  deputy  and  conunissioners, 
when  visiting  Fermanagh  on  previous  occasions,  had  their 
encampment  at  the  shore  of  Lough  Erne  opposite  the 
island  of  Devenish.  On  their  memorable  visit  in  1606, 
Davys  informs  us  that  joumepng  from  the  abbey  of 
Clones  in  Monaghan,  "we  came  the  second  night  after  to 
the  south  side  of  Lougheme,  and  pitched  our  tents  over 
against  Devonish,  a jplace  being  prepared  for  the  holding 
of  our  sessions  tor  Fermanagh  in  the  ruins  of  an  abbey 
there."  It  was  on  that  occasion,  and  in  that  ruined 
abbey  of  Devenish  once  to  celebrated,  that  Davys  met 


an  old  brehon,  named  O'Bristan,  of  whom  hi 
us  the  following  curious  and  interestii]^  i 
"Totlching  the  certainty  of  the  duties  or  ] 
yielded  unto  [the]  McGuyre  out  of  these  mens 
they  [the  jurors]  referred  themselves  onto  an  o 
ment  roll,  which  thev  called  an  indenture,  rem 
the  hands  of  one  O  Bristan,  a  chrooiicler  and 
brehon  of  that  country  :  wherenp<m  O'Bristan 
for,  who  lived  not  fieur  from  the  camp,  bat  wai 
and  decrepid,  as  he  was  scarce'  able  to  repair 
When  he  was  come,  we  demanded  of  him  tin 
that  ancient  roll,  wherein,  as  we  were  informed 
the  certainty  of  McGuyre's  mensall  duties  dir 
but  also  the  principal  rents  and  other  aenrk 
were  answered  to  McGuyre  out  of  every  pa 
country.  The  old  man  seeming  to  be  mnoi 
with  this  demand,  made  answer,  that  he  had  si 
in  his  keeping  before  the  war,  but  that  in  th 
bellion  it  was  burned  among  other  of  his  pi 
books  by  certain  English  smdiers.  We  were 
some  that  were  present,  that  this  was  not  true ; 
affirmed  that  they  had  seen  the  roll  in  hb  ha 
the  war  ;  thereupon  my  lord  chancellor  (beii^ 
sent  with  us,  for  he  did  not  accompany  myloi 
to  Ballishannon,  but  staid  behind  in  thie  c 
minister  an  oath  unto  him,  and  gave  him  a  vc 
charge  to  inform  us  truly  what  was  become  of 
The  poor  old  man,  fetching  a  deep  sigh,  oonfi 
he  knew  where  the  roll  was,  but  that  it  was  deai 
than  his  life  ;  and  therefore  he  would  never  deli 
of  his  hands,  unless  my  Lord  Chancellor  would 
like  oath,  that  the  roll  should  be  restored  to  hi 
my  Lord  Chancellor,  smiling,  gave  him  his  wor 
hand  that  he  should  have  the  roll  re-delivered  1 
if  he  would  suffer  us  to  take  a  view  and  a  cop; 
And  thereupon  the  old  man  drew  the  roll  o 
bosom,  where  he  did  continually  bear  it  about 
was  not  verv  large,  but  it  was  written  on  both  \ 
fair  Irish  character ;  howbdt,  some  part  of  th 
was  worn  and  defaced  with  time  ana  ill  kecxri 
caused  it  forthwith  to  be  translated  into  Fngf^A, 
we  perceived  how  many  vessels  of  butter,  and  b 
measures  of  meal,  and  how  many  porks,  and  o 
gross  duties,  did  arise  unto  McUojrre  out  of  hi 
hmds  ;  the  particulars  whereof  I  could  have  ez{ 
I  had  not  lost  the  translated  copy  of  the  roll  at 
See  Historical  ThutSf  pp.  353,  254. 


THE   COMMISSIONERS   OF   PLANTATION   AT   WORK. 


185 


Bla3niey's  hospitality,  and  it  is  probable  he  did  not  visit  that  knight  at  all,  else  he  would  have  said 
something  on  the  subject.  That  he  grew  rapidly  convalescent  is  evident  from  the  fact — stated  by 
himself— that  he  had  done  the  assize  business  at  Monaghan,  on  Friday,  the  22nd  of  September, 
travelling  thence  to  Cavan  on  the  following  day,  and  taking  his  place,  as  before,  among  the 
commissioners.  There  were  eleven  of  the  latter  present  at  Cavan,  including  Robert  Bishop  of 
KiliBore  and  Ardagh  (40),  who  was  concerned,  however,  only  to  a  trifling  extent,  in  the  enquiry  on 
the  subject  of  herenagh  and  termon  lands.  Whilst  the  assize  and  other  work  was  progressing  at  the 
to\im  of  Cavan,  Parsons  and  Bodley  were  engaged  throughout  the  county  in  measuring  the  land 
available  for  plantation,  and  marking  it  off  in  proportions.  They  divided  the  county  into  seven 
precincts,  or  rather  adopted  the  baronial  divisions,  known  as  Loughtee,  Tullochonco,  Clanchy, 
Tullagha,  Castlerahin,  Clanmahon,  and  Tulloghgarvie.  i.  The  precinct  of  Loughtee  was  found  to  con- 
tain 12,000  acres  available  for  plantation,  which  quantity  was  cast  into  11  proportions,  viz.,  three  of 
the  middle  size  and  eight  of  the  small.  2.  The  precinct  of  Tullochonco  was  found  only  to  afford 
6^000  acres,  and  was  sub-divided  into  six  small  proportions  of  1,000  acres  each.  3.  The  precind 
of  Clanchy  [now  Clonkee,  or  Clankee],  contained  also  6,000  acres  of  available  plantation  land,  this 
quantity  being  cast  into  4  proportions,  viz.,  two  of  the  large  size  and  two  small  ones.  4.  The 
precinct  of  Tullagha  contained  9,000  acres,  which  formed  8  proportions,  viz.,  two  middle  and  six 
snaalL  5.  The  precinct  of  Castlerahin  contained  9,000  acres,  making  6  proportions,  two  large,  two 
nu<idle,  and  two  small.  6.  The  precinct  of  Clanmahon  contained  7,000  acres,  which  quantity 
^I'as  sub-divided  into  six  proportions,  viz.,  two  middle  and  four  small.  7.  And  the  precinct  of 
Tuiloughgarvte  was  found  to  contain  7,500  acres,  forming  7  proportions, — two  great,  one  middle, 
and  four  small 

The  Inquisition  was  taken  on  Monday,  the  25th,  the  commissioners  being  assisted  by  the 
fourteen  undernamed  jurors : — 


1.  Garrett  Fleminge,  Esquire. 

2.  Thomas  Keman. 

3.  Hugh  McDonell  Brady. 

4.  Thomas  Brady. 

5.  Patrick  Brady. 

6.  Owen  boy  OTerally. 

7.  Mulmore  McCale  [Cahill]  Reilie. 


8.  Shane  0*Gowne. 

9.  Donell  McFerall  Oge  McKeman. 

10.  Tirlagh  Oge  McKernan. 

11.  Felim  McGauran. 

12.  Cormock  McKeman. 

13.  Shane  McCalmoyle  Brady. 

14.  Mahowne  McOwen  Brady. 


Among  the  more  interesting  and  important  of  the  lengthened  statements  put  forward  by  these 
J^wors  is  their  account  of  the  termon  lands,  confirming  as  it  does  the  testimony  of  other  jurors  on 


(40).  KUmore  and  Ardagh, — The  diocese  of  Kilxnore 
^tends  into  the  three  provinces  of  Ulster,  Leinster,  and 
j'Onnaoght.  Dr.  Beaufort  estimates  its  area  at  497,250 
Jjish  acres,  of  which  28i,cxx>  acres  are  in  the  county  of 
^^an,  184,750  in  the  county  of  Leitrixn,  29,300  in  the 
£^ty  of  Fermanagh,  and  2,200  in  the  county  of  Meath. 
^°€  bishoprick  of  Ardagh  is  generally  snppceed  to  have 


been  founded  by  St.  Patrick  about  the  year  458.  From 
1603  until  1742,  the  see  was  united  to  that  of  Kilmore  ; 
from  1742  until  1833,  although  all  lying  M'ithin  the  eccle- 
siastical province  of  Armagh,  it  was  held  in  commendam 
by  the  archbishops  of  Tuam  ;  and  by  the  act  of  1833  it 
was  consolidated  with  Elphin  and  Kilmore. 


1 86  THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

the  same  subject,  and  even  throwing  additional  light  on  the  origin  and  history  of  these 
properties.  These  facts  will  be  our  apology  for  here  submitting  the  evidence  in  extenso  :- 
touchinge  the  originall  of  the  termon  land,  the  said  jurors  doe  uppon  their  oathes  finde  tha 
the  distinguishinge  of  parishes  in  these  partes,  there  were  certen  religious  men,  in  u 
hermittes,  who,  sequestringe  themselves  from  all  worldlie  busines,  did  severallie  retire  the 
into  private  places,  where  they  betooke  themselves  to  praier,  and  to  other  godlie  actes  for  th< 
healthe ;  and  in  testimony  of  their  zeale  and  devocon,  every  of  them  for  the  most  parte  ei 
churche,  and  that  to  every  of  the  said  religious  persons  the  temporall  lordes  gave  a  several! 
of  lande,  free  for  ever,  to  the  intente  that  the  said  religious  persons  should  maintaine  hos 
praie  for  the  soules'  health  of  the  said  lordes,  and  repaire  and  keepe  the  said  churches,  an 
wise  to  advance  the  service  of  God  in  that  place,  whereon  hee  lived ;  and  that  the  said : 
persons  ceaseinge,  every  one  of  them  made  choice  of  the  most  sufficient  person  about,  an( 
person  and  his  sept  he  gave  his  porcion  of  lande,  to  be  inherited  by  him  and  his  sept  foi 
the  same  uses  and  intentes  for  which  the  said  temporall  lordes  first  gave  them  to  the  said  ; 
persons,  and  that  to  the  said  landes  weare  annexed  certen  liberties  and  freedomes,  as  sanctu 
the  like,  for  which  cause  the  said  lande  was  called  termon,  or  free  and  protected  lande, 
chiefe  tennant  thereof  in  some  places  called  carbe^  and  in  some  places  hircnagh.  And  tl 
wardes,  when  the  temporall  lordes  in  their  severall  warres,  and  uppon  other  occasions,  I 
charge  and  tax  the  said  termon  landes,  with  divers  exactions  and  imposicions,  the  said  cor 
herenaghes  fiedd  unto  the  bushop  of  the  dioces  wherein  they  lived,  and  besought  his  pi 
against  the  wronges  and  injuries  of  the  temporall  lordes,  and  therefore  gave  voluntarily  i 
bushopp  a  rent  or  pencion  out  of  theire  landes,  and  sometimes  they  besought  the  prot« 
such  of  the  temporall  lordes  as  they  thought  would  defende  them  against  the  rest,  and  ui 
temporall  lordes  some  of  the  corbes  and  herenaghs  gave  certen  rents  or  pencions  out  of  theii 
untill  which  tyme  the  bushopp  had  never  anything  to  doe  either  with  the  landes  or  with  the  i 
there.  But  from  thenceforthe,  the  bushopp  undertooke  the  protection  of  the  said  herenag 
of  their  landes,  and  in  the  process  of  tyme  tooke  on  him  a  power  to  confirm  every  a 
herenagh  in  their  land,  and,  upon  the  alteracion  of  every  corbe  or  herenagh,  to  them  certe 
whereunto  the  said  corbes  and  herenaghes  voluntarilie  yielded,  the  rather  to  contynue  th< 
in  the  said  bushopp's  protection,  and  that  the  corbe  and  herenagh  was  ever  to  be  eleete< 
sept  among  themselves,  and  was  commonlie  the  ancientest  of  the  sept,  but  if  the  sq 
not  agree  in  the  election,  then  the  bushopp  and  whole  clergie  assembled  and  did  elect  on 
same  sept,  but  still  the  bushopp  confirmed  and  allowed  him.  And,  if  the  whole  sept  at  \ 
were  extinct,  the  bushopp  could. not  either  detaine  the  said  lande  in  his  owne  handes,  or 
them  to  anie  particular  person,  unless  it  weare  to  another  sept  out  of  which  the  new  her 
corbe  is  to  inherit  the  said  land  to  the  same  uses  for  which  it  was  formerlie  given,  which 
bushopp  could  not  doe  without  the  assent  of  the  whole  clergie,  and  that  then  hee  coul< 
alter  nor  increase  his  rent  or  pencion.  And,  if  the  corbe  or  herenaghe,  or  any  of  the  se 
him,  had  made  a  forfeiture  of  any  parcel  of  the  said  land,  that  came  not  to  the  bushopp, 
partable  among  the  rest  of  the  sept ;  and  that  the  difference  betwixt  a  corbe  and  an  hei 


THE   COMMISSIONERS   OF    PLANTATION   AT    WORK. 


187 


this,  that  the  corbe,  called  in  Latin  pUibanus,  is  head  of  a  greater  familie  or  sept,  and  sometimes  of 
severall  septes,  and  hath  sometimes  under  him  severall  herenaghs,  but  the  herenagh  was  head  or 
chiefeof  a  smaller  number  of  people,  and  seldome  had  under  him  more  than  his  owne  sept"  (41). 
See  also  King's  Memoir,  pp.  50,  51. 

These  Cavan  jurors  found  generally  that  the  county  lay  in  the  diocese  of  Kilmore  ;  that  the 

bishop  had  several  polls  of  mensal  and  demesne  lands  j  and  that  from  the  termon  and  herenagh 

lands  he  received,  as  in  other  counties,  cert^n  small  rents  and  duties.      In  connexion  with 

these,  certain  curious  particulars  are  mentioned      Thus,  from  a  poll  of  land,  called  M'Connyn's 

poll,  which  formed  part  of  the  tennon  lands  of  Kilmore,  in  the  barony  of  Loughtee  als  Cavan, 

he  received  "six  shillings  eight  pence,  and  twentie   breads  with   butter  proportionablie,  eight 

day  laborers,   and  a  sixth  parte  of   cesse,   coyny  and    other    charges,   per    annum;     out  of 

the  poll  of  Tullagh  six  shillings  eight  pence,  twelve  breads,  fower  mathers  of  butter,  and  eight 

daie  workmen   per  annum ;    out  of  the   termon  land   of  Annagh,  containing  one  poll,   three 

shillings  fower  pence,  and  three  reape  hookes  per  annum,  and  so  in  various  other  instances." 

(See  King's  Memoir,  p.  50).     By  these  jurors'  report,  also,  it  appeared  that  the  glebe  lands,  as 

in  all  the  other  counties,  were  absolutely  insignificant ;  and  that  the  abbey-lands  had  been  granted 

*i^y  to  certain  servitors.     As  to  the  temporal  lands,  they  had  already  vested  in  the  Crown  by  the 

<feathsin  quick  succession  of  three  chiefs  of  the  O'Reilly's,  viz.,  Sir  John  O'Reilly,  his  brother 

Phibp,  and  their  uncle  Edmond,  who  were  all  slain  fighting  on  the  side  of  Hugh  O'Neill  Earl  of 

fFione,  and  whose  estates,  therefore,  fell ,  to  the  Crown  by  a  law  in  this  country  which,  under  such 

^^'rcumstances,  dispensed  with  the  necessity  of  any  legal  proceedings.      All   that  had  to  be 

^ne  was,  simply  to  ascertain  by  inquisition  whether  they  had  fallen  when  in  actual  rebellion, 

*^d  this  fact  was  sufficiently  established  by  an  investigation  at  Cavan,  on  the  19th  of  August,  1606. 

^e  commissioners  and  jurors  in  1609  were,  therefore,  saved  any  trouble  as  to  the  general  question 

of  temporal  lands;  and  they  had  only  to  report  that  a  grant  had  been  made  by  the  Crown  to 

Baron  Delvin  (42)  and  his  mother,  of  certain  parcels  in  the  barony  of  Clanmahon,  and  another 


(40-  Owm  sept,  —  Referring  to  the  evidence  of  the 

^:Jlster  jurors  generally,  on  the  subject  of  herenagh  lands, 

^«  learned  author  of  the  Memoir  Introductory  to  the 

^riy  History  of  the  Primacy  of  Armagh,    says  :  — 

Allowing  for  some  inaccuracies  m  these  Papers  of  the 

'^wtlicm  jurors,  not  unnatural,  where  their  information 

***pis  to  have  been  derived  chiefly  from  tradition,  and 

which  we  are  enabled  to  correct  by  the  aid  of  the  old 

Irish  Annals,  the  light  which  they  throw  on  the  history 

^  the  coarbs  and  erenachs  is  still  valuable  and  impor- 

**fit.    .    ,     .     Independently  of  such  inaccuracies,  their 

't*temcnts  relative  to  the  original  independence  of  the 

^bs  and  erenachs  of  any  episcopal  jurisdiction, — the 

circumstance  that  their  lands  had  never,  at  any  time, 

belonged  to  the  bishops, — that  their  submission  to  the 

latter,  and  consenting  to  pay  them  rents,  was  a  voluntary 

procedure,  with  a  view  to  obtaining  protection  in  their 

possessions,  and  that  it  was,  in  fine,  the  Church  of  Rome 

which  had  effected  the  bringing  about  of  the  change  which 

established  bishops,  with  ordmaiy  diocesan  junisdlction 


in  Ireland, — are  altogether  worthy  of  attention,  as  con- 
formable to  what  is,  by  other  historical  evidence,  made 
sufficiently  certain.  .  .  .  The  real  state  of  the  case, 
however,  was,  that  the  Termon  and  Erenach  lands  had 
been  originally  the  property  of  the  Churchy  but  certainly 
never  at  any  time  in  the  possession  of  the  bishops.  The 
authorities  of  the  Church  of  Rome,  during  the  da3rs  of 
her  sway  in  Ireland,  had  never  been  able  to  secure  full 
possession  of  them  ;  but  they  remained  part  of  the  old 
church  property  of  Ireland,  created  by  the  Irish  them- 
selves, ere  they  had  submitted  to  her  nile,  and  subjected 
afterwards  to  various  abuses  and  exactions,  yet  indepen- 
dent of  any  foreign  controul  or  ownership,  imtil  sub- 
jected to  the  sovereign  prerogative  of  James  I."     See 

pp.  5I»  52. 

(42).  Delvin. — On  the  loth  of  August,  1603,  the 
Lady  Marie,  widow  of  the  late  Chnstopher  Baron 
Delvin,  petitioned  the  King,  stating  that  her  husband 
had  a  warrant  from  Queen  Elizabeth  for  lool,  by 
the  year,  to  be  granted  from  escheated  lands  in  Cavan 


1 88 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


grant  to  Garrett  Fleming  (43),  Esq.,  in  the  barony  of  Clanchy  [Clonkee]. 

At  the  dose  of  the  commissioners'  labours  in  Cavan,  the  last  county  of  the  six,  Davys  j 
his  concluding  epistle  to  Salisbury,  evidently  in  high  spirits  that  his  opinion  on  the  subject 
termon  lands  had  been  amply  borne  out  by  special  examination,  and  that  he  was  about  tc 
Ulster  in  profound  peace !    "  We  are  now  come  to  the  Cavan,"  says  he,  "  which  is  the  last 
of  our  long  progress,  and  have  there  performed  our  several  services  in  the  same  manner  as 
former  counties.     In  distinguishing  the  Church  land  from  the  rest,  find  also  in  this  couni 
the  tenants  of  the  Termon  lands  were  the  true  proprietors  and  inheritors  thereof,  and  tfa 
bishops  had  only  certain  rents  and  refections ;  so  that  the  universal  consent  of  all  the  joi 
Ulster  proves  their  [the  commissioners']  offices  taken  the  last  year  to  be  true  in  that  point,  ai 
false,  as  it  was  suggested  by  the  Bishop  of  Derry  with  a  little  too  much  confidence;  and  they 
themselves  that,  if  the  like  inquisitions  were  taken  in  Munster  and  Connaught  (for  there  ai 
Termon  lands  within  those  provinces),  the  like  presentments  would  be  made  there,  and  evei} 
throughout  the  kingdom;  for  the  Archbishop  of  Cashel  (44),  who  was  present  with  th 


and  Longford.  In  rq>ly,  the  King  ordered  Mountjoy, 
the  then  deputy,  to  have  a  grant  made  oat  for  Lady 
Delvin,  including  her  son's  name  in  the  instrument,  for 
as  much  land  as  would  amount  to  60/.  On  the  29th  of 
Nov.,  1608,  the  King  directed  Chichester,  then  deputy, 
to  increase  the  original  grant  by  as  much  sidditional  land 
as  would  amount  to  80/.,  above  all  reprises,  and  in  special 
regard  to  the  young  baron's  conformity  and  that  of  his 
mother  also— the  youthful  Delvin  having  been  then  re- 
cently in  prison  for  disloyalty.  On  the  20th  of  July, 
1609,  an  extensive  grant  was  made  to  Mary,  Lady  Delvin, 
and  her  son  Richard,  Lord  Delvin,  includii^  portions  of 
the  escheated  lands  of  the  O'Reillys  of  Cavan.  The 
names  and  quantities  of  the  lands  thus  granted  in  Cavan 
are  mentioned  in  Erck's  Repertory^  p.  584 ;  see  also  pp. 
24,  511,  512, 

(43).  Fleming, — On  the  22nd  of  December,  1608,  this 
servitor  received  an  extensive  grant  from  the  Crown  of 
escheated  lands  in  several  counties,  including  Cavan. 
The  lands  in  Cavan  thus  granted  were  those  that  had 
belonged  to  the  rectories  or  parsonages  of  Killyn,  Knock- 
bride,  Castleraghan,  Templeporte,  and  Crodragh.  In 
this  grant  was  included  sufficient  houseboote  and  fire- 
boote — which  meant  wood  for  fuel ;  hayboote  and  hedge- 
boote,  which  meant  wood  for  fencing;  and  carteboote 
and  ploughboote,  which  meant  timber  for  making  ploughs 
and  carts. 

(44).  Of  Cashd, — See  p.  183.  For  details  as  to 
the  appointments  heaped  on  Myler  Magrath,  the  reader 
may  refer  to  Ware's  IVorAs,  vol.  ii.,  pp.  188,  206, 
483,  538,  652,  660.  He  was,  perhaps,  the  most  trouble- 
some and  expensive  convert  ever  drawn  from  the  mother 
church.  He  had  been  converted  to  protestantism  so 
early  as  157a  In  1604,  Chief-Justice  Saxey  describes 
the  protestant  prelates  generally  as  "  more  fit  to  sacrifice 
to  a  calf  than  to  intermeddle  with  the  religion  of  God. 
The  chiefest  of  them  [Magrath],  an  Irishman,  sometime  a 


friar,  is  Archbishop  of  Cashell,  Bishop  of  Wateric 
Lismore,  and  Bishop  of  Killala."  In  Dayjs'i 
known  account  of  Munster,  May,  1606,  he  ital 
in  Cashfll  there  was  then  "found  only  one  inli 
that  came  to  church,  for  even  the  Archbishop's  on 
and  sons-in-law,  dwelling  there,  are  obstinate  lecs 
The  Archbishop  of  Dublin  was  appointed,  in  l( 
the  lord  deputy,  to  visit  Magra^'s  four  dioo 
Cashel,  Emly,  Lismore,  and  Waterford,  for  tbe  | 
of  inc|uiring  into  flagrant  abuses  allqged  to  hai 
committed  by  this  precious  convert  'Ae  Aidibi 
Dublin,  in  his  report,  "entreats  for  means  to  1 
scribed  for  the  establishment  of  God's  servioe  ii 
parts,  which  have  scarcely  known  whether  tlia 
God,"  and  recommends  that  several  leases  oC  dun 
ings  should  be  revoked,  "  which  have  been  pasnd 
[Magrath's]  procurement,  and  confirmed  by  kbi 
the  use  of  his  children  and  allies,  which  it  is  meet 
be  reserved  for  sufficient  incumbents.  •  •  • 
have  discovered  such  abuses  and  enonnities  throi| 
Archbishop's  misjudgment  (especially  in  those  ti 
ceses  of  Cashel  and  Emly)  as  he  never  ooaU 
believed  on  the  report  of  others,  and  he  [Dsfe 
indeed  much  grieved  that  a  man  of  his  protei 
much  graced  by  her  late  Majesty,  and  so  highly  ad 
in  the  church  as  to  have  the  chaige  of  four  1 
bishoprics,  should  so  far  n^lect  his  pastoral  cha 
rather  quite  pervert  it"  In  November,  1607,  M 
complained  to  the  King  and  council  that  his  ena 
Ireland  were  endeavouring  to  imperil  his  lepatatk 
even  his  life,  because  of  some  good  services  he  hi 
merly  rendered  to  the  State;  and  the  Kin^  in 
directs  Chichester  to  take  no  proceedings  agaiitf 
plainant  without  first  informing  nim  [the  Kin^  In 
1608,  Chichester  wrote  to  the  council  in  Londoo,  i 
ing  them  that  the  Archbishop  of  Cashd  had  bee 
and  convicted  on  a  charge  ot  having  said  that  "  < 
was  greatly  Mrronged  when  he  was  dispotscsicd 


THE   COMMISSIONERS   OF   PLANTATION   AT    WORK. 


189 


agh,  affirmed  of  his  own  knowledge,  that  the  Bishops  of  Munster  and  Connaught  are  so  far 
noving  those  tenants  or  enhancing  [raising]  their  rents,  that  they  would  be  glad  to  receive 
luties  contained  in  their  registers  without  demanding  the  land  itself;  for  they  find  divers 
nentioned  in  their  registers  which  the  tenants  refuse  to  pay,  because  the  payment  thereof 
a  discontinued  for  some  space  of  time.  And  now  although  they  have  ended  this  journey, 
day  their  camp  is  broken  up  (45),  they  have  not  yet  ended  their  busmess  j  for  the  making 
hese  inquisitions  in  form  of  law,  the  drawing  of  the  titles  into  the  cases,  the  engrossing, 
g,  and  exemplification  thereof,  the  absolute  finishing  of  the  maps,  the  limiting  and  setting 
the  parishes,  precincts,  and  proportions,  which  must  be  done  upon  the  maps,  with  divers 
al  parts  of  the  main  service,  are  to  be  performed  after  they  return  home,  which  will  require 
iinary  labour  and  diligence,  and  two  months'  time  at  least.  They  have  left  the  province  of 
n  more  complete  peace  and  obedience  than  has  ever  been  seen  since  the  Conquest  (46). 
Lord  Deputy  has  taken  in  all  the  woodkeme  and  loose  people  in  every  county,  and  has 
hem  with  sureties  to  depart  into  Sweden  with  Colonel  Stewart,  who  is  like  to  prove  a  better 
of  gaol  delivery  in  clearing  the  country  of  malfactors  than  the  Lord  Chief  Justice  and  he 

have  been;  for  two  persons  only  have  been  executed  by  their  doom  in  all  this  long 
47).     From  the  camp  upon  the  border  of  Meath,  near  Lough  Raen  (48),  30  September, 

On  the  3rd  of  October — ^as  soon  as  the  commissioners  were  able  to  return  to  Dublin — the 


f  the  river  Banne,  and  that  he  had  better  right 
a  than  any  English  or  Scottish ;  yea,  and  that 
better  right  to  the  crown  of  Ireland  than  any 
lan  or  Scottish  man  whatsoever."  Magrath 
that  he  was  innocent  of  this  charge,  and  as  he 
times  been  a  spy  for  the  government,  his  crime 
overlooked.  In  161 1,  William  Knight  was 
I  co-adjutor  of  Magrath,  because  the  latter  had 
nfirm  and  seldom  resident  in  his  see  or  sees, 
me  back  to  spend  the  remainder  of  his  days  on 
ly  property  of  Termonmagrath.  Knight,  **an 
laster  of  Art,"  was  a  sad  tippler,  and  became 
)f  his  duties  in  Ireland.  He  was  often  seen  so 
;ly  incapable  through  drink,  that  he  returned  to 
and  gave  up  all  hope  of  preferment  Magrath 
»e  very  old,  and  died  in  1026.  His  son  James, 
Termonmagrath  was  granted  (see  p.  183),  be- 
apeless  recusant 

Iroitn  up, — Winche  concludes  his  Relation  by 
lat  after  finishing  at  the  Cavan  on  Michaelmas 
cavalcade  marched  nine  miles  on  their  way  to 

"The  next  day,"  says  he,  "the  last  of  Septem- 
amp  was  discharged,  and  they  returned  towards 

so  that,  when  Davys  was  penning  the  above, 
,  as  he  also  states,  had  been  "broken  up." 

ince  the  Conqiust. — This  was  not  saying  much 
eal  p>eace  of  the  province  after  all,  for  it  is, 
.  deplorable  fact  that,  from  the  time  of  De 
raids  in  Ulster,  until  the  date  of  Davy's  letter, 
been  no  halcyon  times  of  peace,  and  perhaps  no 
y  on  which  there  was  not  war,  or  rumours  of 


war,  in  one  district  or  other,  throughout  our  northern 
province. 

(47).  Long  circuit, — This  picture  glows  with  the  touches 
of  a  master  hand,  but  it  is  drawn  very  largely  from  Davy's 
own  imagination.  The  only  '  wood  kerne'  whom  Chichester 
was  able  to  *take  in*  were  such  persons,  generally  sword- 
men,  as  were  bound  by  recognisances  to  appear  at  the 
assizes  in  each  county,  and  who  came  forward  voluntarily. 
There  can  be  no  doubt  that  'the  doom'  of  Davys 
and  Winche  would  have  fallen  heavily  and  bloodily 
on  many  more  than  two  prisoners,  had  not  the  intended 
victims  been  spared  as  recruits  for  Sweden.  This  was 
Davys's  own  account  of  the  matter,  when  writing  from 
the  camp  of  Limavaddie.  "In  this  little  county "  [of 
Coleraine],  says  he,  "they  have  had  a  great  gaol  deliveiy 
[t.^.,  a  large  number  of  prisoners  to  try],  but  no  execution 
of  any  prisoner ;  for  the  Lord  Deputy  has  spared  and 
reserved  them  all  to  fill  up  the  companies  that  are  to  be 
sent  into  the  wars  of  Swethen."  So,  also,  Chichester 
himself  stated  to  Salisbury. 

(48).  Lough  Ratn. — This  lake  is  now  known  as  Lough 
RamoTf  and  is  situate  in  the  barony  of  Castleragha^, 
county  of  Cavan.  It  is  nearly  four  miles  in  length,  and, 
on  an  average,  about  one  mile  broad,  comprising  an  area 
of  more  than  102  acres  in  the  parish  of  Lurgan,  774  in 
the  parish  of  Castleraghan,  and  965  in  the  parish  of 
Munterconnaught.  Numerous  little  islands,  adorned  with 
woods,  are  dotted  over  the  lake,  and  its  eastern  and 
northern  shores  are  made  pleasant  by  many  well-cultivated 
farms.  The  town  of  Virginia  lies  on  its  southern  side, 
and  the  plantations  of  L^rd  Headfort's  fine  deerpark 
stretch  around  its  western  shore. 


THE.    r-JL3.A--.5 


csczr  cf  :hdr  northern  journey, 


.flii,    *  r   i 


.7  L"Jiicia:7nnig    jf  icie   iiose   :r   roc   jr 

■li'yrg  'Jar  ±ir  slz  :t  liis  mnaErr  fii  »x 

V.  rffiTarnrj.     Ix  ulc  ^  -Jteat.  yrrvrr  3.  Ffonarj.  1309- 


wniiBfioocd 


H23     iiS     J', 

let  Kt  iywi  El  fr 


Bc£  ses  3.  IOC*. 


Bcanrasure*     He 

Rebecca,  m.  da^f^  of 
of  LandoiL     He  died 
tihe  title  became  dtiact    Ha 
:  Sir  Hoi^ibrej  Fontcr,  of  Aldo^ 


I 


[i9ij 


Chapter  VI. — Results  and  Arrangements. 

I. 

BHN  their  return  to  Dublin,  the  commissioners  were  expected  to  report  to  the  King 
I V  and  council  the  results  of  their  northern  journey  before  the  end  of  December.  The 
y|  King,  when  authorising  their  appointment,  had  expressed  a  decided  wish  that  the 
"  account  of  their  labours  might  be  laid  before  him  even  so  early  as  'Hallowmas,'  that 
I  thus  have  the  whole  winter,  to  read,  learn,  and  inwardly  digest  There  was  delay,  however, 
ir  arrival,  in  consequence  of  the  absence  of  Chichester,  who  had  gone  to  Carlingford  to 
the  shipping  of  swordmen  for  Sweden ;  and,  also,  because  of  the  scattering  of  the  other 
ioners  to  their  several  places  of  residence  after  such  a  lengthened  period  of  anxiety  and 
k.  Even  so  late  as  the  19th  of  October,  Davys  reported  to  Salisbury  that  "since  they 
home  from  the  northern  circuit,  the  commissioners  for  the  Plantation  have  been  scattered, 
Ittle  has  been  added  to  their  former  labours,  by  reason  of  the  absence  of  the  Lord  Deputy, 
ever  since  been  detained  upon  the  borders  about  the  levying  and  embarking  of  soldiers  for 
id."  When  the  necessary  hands,  however,  did  get  to  work,  it  was  found  that  the  materials 
is  kinds,  collected  during  their  peregrinations  in  Ulster,  could  not  be  arranged  or  made 
ble,  in  less  than  double  the  time  which  even  Davys  had  supposed  would  have  been 
:.  In  his  letter  to  Salisbury,  from  the  camp  at  Lough  Raen  or  Ramor,  he  had  mentioned 
)  months*  time  at  least*  would  be  required  after  their  arrival  in  Dublin,  to  make  up  the 
)ns  in  legal  form,  draw  the  titles  of  the  King  and  others  into  clear  and  easily  understood 
id  finish  the  maps  by  setting  forth  the  parishes,  precincts,  and  proportions  thereon.  These 
asks,  however,  instead  of  being  completed  in  two  months,  were  not  brought  to  a  close 
le  last  days  of  February,  1609-10.  On  the  20th  of  that  month,  Chichester  wrote  a  some- 
•logetic  letter  to  Salisbury,  accounting  for  the  delay,  and  stating  that  he  had  sent,  with  the 
svho  would  deliver  all  the  papers,  certain  observations  of  his  own,  on  the  questions  to  be 
ed  and  decided  without  loss  of  time.  He  "fears  they  have  long  deceived  his  [Salisbury's] 
on  in  sending  Mr.  Treasurer  [Sir  Thomas  Ridgeway]  hence  with  the  return  of  their  labours 
5w  survey  of  the  escheated  lands,  but  when  he  shall  have  seen  and  perused  what  is  done, 
;  will  excuse  them,  for  they  have  so  prepared  the  work  that  his  [Salisbury's]  labours  will  be 
ased.  Has  sent  some  remembrances  of  his  own  to  guide  him  in  the  distribution  of  those 
id  for  the  more  effectual  settlement  of  the  plantation ;  besides  which,  the  Treasurer  has 
it  of  the  escheated  lands  in  each  county,  and  will  give  him  good  satisfaction  touching  this 
Dlantation.  Hopes  that  his  [Ridgeway's]  long  stay  there  may  not  hinder  the  beginning  of 
tation  this  summer.  It  is  said  that  he  [Salisbury]  intends  to  be  an  undertaker  in  the 
n,  which  made  him  [Chichester]  presume  to  name  him  in  his  notes  delivered  to  Mr. 
r,  where  he  advises  the  work  to  be  undertaken  in  baronies,  and  to  his  [Salisbury's]  noble 
lis  [Chichester's]  best  furtherance  shall  not  be  wanting." 


192  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

Chichester's  *  remembrances/  referred  to  in  the  foregoing  letter,  are  preserved  among  the 
Papers  under  the  title  of  Certain  Considerations  touching  the  Plantation  of  the  escheated  lands  ^-* 
Ulster^  delivered  to  Mr,   Treasurer^  the   27M  January^  1609-10.     As  a  first  and  most  importar:^*^ 
'consideration/  the  deputy  takes  care  to  explain  that  the  King's  title  to  all  the  lands  that  ha^  ^ 
belonged  to  the  fugitive  earls  and  their  adherents  shall  be  established  clearly  and  without  del 
from  the  materials  now  collected  in  Ulster.     "Before  all  things,"  says  he,  "the  King's  title  is  to 
cleared,  which  will  be  done  now  upon  sight  of  the  cases  which  are^to  be  examined  and  weighed 
the  judges,  and  their  opinions  confirmed  in  Parliament,  held  here  if  thought  requisite,  at  the 
pleasure,  and  in  the  meantime  no  claim  or  plea  to  be  admitted  in  any  court  for  any  lands  which 
judges  shall  lay  down  to  be  the  King's  upon  sight  of  the  cases."    His  next  ^consideration' 

that  the  lands  to  be  planted  ought  to  be  distributed  in  baronies  to  noblemen  of  high  standing  an d 

great  wealth,  to  be  divided  by  them  [the  noblemen]  in  proportions,  and  on  liberal  ternk.  \ 
to  persons  of  humbler  rank,  who  were  to  have  the  trouble  and  responsibility  of  planting  the  ^^~  ~^ 
and  erecting  the  necessary  buildings,  at  least  for  their  own  accommodation.  The  undertaken 
baronies  would  be  required  to  give  the  scheme  the  stability  and  protection  of  their  names^ 
order  to  secure  its  success,  but  would  not  be  expected  to  do  so  from  any  motives  of 
advantage.  In  this  connection  it  was  that  Chichester,  as  he  states,  introduced  Salisbiuy's  name, 
rather  the  name  of  his  office.  In  developing  the  plan,  the  deputy  states  that  he  "would  have  c 
or  two  admitted  by  the  chief  undertakers  [of  baronies]  to  be  next  themselves  in  the  baronies 
taken,  to  give  countenance  and  assistance  to  strangers.  Knows  some  who  are  willing  to  und 
a  whole  barony,  even  in  the  worst  part  of  Ulster ;  and  unless  this  be  the  manner  of  nnH<>r»alrm^ 
unless  the  subjects  of  England  will  plant  upon  a  common  purse,  he  has  no  hope  that  the  plantat:m 
will  take  effect  as  it  ought"  Other  "considerations"  have  reference  to  the  positions  which 
undertakers  ought  to  occupy  for  the  safety  of  the  rest, — to  the  necessity  of  granting  ample  time 
the  erection  of  buildings  and  settling  tenants  on  the  lands, — to  the  nature  of  the  tenures 
to  which  lands  should  be  granted, — to  the  proper  management  of  the  natives, — and  to  the 
which  ought  to  be  exacted  from  the  bishops,  in  lieu  of  the  very  large  grants  of  lands  which 
were  almost  certain  to  obtain  from  the  King.     See  pp.  90,  91. 

When  all  the  documents  connected  i^ith  this  absorbing  subject  had  been  duly  prepon^ 
including  a  true   copy  of  the   deputy's   remaining  advices  or  remembrances  conoeming  tfc< 
plantation  of  Ulster,  they  were  sent  off  in  the  keeping  of  Davys  and  Ridgeway,  for  presentatioo  W 
the  King  and  his  ministers.     With  these  commissioners  the  deputy  also  sent  the  following  note  ^ 
Salisbury,  written  on  the  19th  Feb.,  the  day  before  that  on  which  he  had  panned  his  letter  €f 
introduction  for  Ridgeway,  above  quoted  : — "  Recommends  to  his  Lordship,  Sir  John  Davjs,  ilK> 
is  about  to  travel  to  England  with  the  Treasurer  [Ridgeway].    The  Bishop  of  Deny  has  prefenedt 
petition  in  the  Lord  Primate's  name  and  his  own,  for  an  addition  or  alteration  of  what  was  hiAoiD 
done  in  the  matter  of  survey  of  ecclesiastical  lands,  and  in  the  point  of  Termon  and  Erenag^  hodi 
He  [Chichester]  i^Tites  this  because  he  [Montgomery]  might  complain  that  he  was  not  heaid  by 
them  [the  council]  and  righted  in  what  he  propounded;  but  the  Treasurer  can  assure  him 


RESULTS   AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


193 


lisbury]  that  the  petition  was  not  presented  until  yesterday."    The  deputy  was  evidently  afraid 


tthat  Montgomery  might  misrepresent  the  party  opposed  to  him  in  Ireland  on  the  question  of  the 

-t^^nnon  lands ;  and,  therefore,  he  wrote  specially,  in  conjunction  with  the  members  of  the  Irish 

;^^vy  Comicil  to  the  council  in  London  to  guard  them  against  the  bishop's  statements.     This 

^oint-letter  also  was  dated  February  19,  and  was  in  substance  as  follows  : — "  The  Bishop  of  Deny 

l:7emg  now  returned  thither  [to  London]  to  give  the  King  and  their  Lordships  an  account  of  what 

Jias  been  done  concerning  the  Church  lands  in  Ulster,  they  thought  fit  to  let  their  Lordships  know 

t^y  bim  that,  as  a  commissioned,  he  has  left  nothing  undone  to  forward  the  business  committed  to 

Jiis  care.     They  [the  commissioners]  have  concurred  with  him  so  far  as  they  might  in  justice,  yet 

finding  him  not  thoroughly  satisfied,  they  here  certify  what  they  have  done  in  accordance  with  his 

lAajest/s  directions.     All  the  demesne  and  mensal  lands  belonging  to  their  several  sees,  and  all 

tilt  rents  and  duties  reserved,  found  in  any  of  the  offices  [inquisitions]  for  the  bishops  of  that 

province,  they  caused  to  be  restored  to  them.     But  the  Erenagh  and  Termon  lands  being  found 

rather  to  belong  to  the  King  than  the  bishops,  by  such  juries  as  best  knew  to  whom  the  right 

appertained,  they  did  not  deem  it  their  duty  to  let  the  bishops  have  those  lands  (considering  the 

lai^  quantities  of  them  in  the  several  counties  to  be  planted  and  how  they  lie  dispersed,  which 

would  hinder  the  plantation,  and  the  settlement  of  particular  parish  churches),  until  the  King 

and  the  Lords  shall  consider  the  matter.     The  Lord  Bishop  of  Derry  and  the  Treasurer  will 

<feliver  what  may  be  said  on  either  side  touching  the  whole  business.     P.S. — The  Bishop  of  Derry 

'reminds  them  at  the  signing  of  this  letter,  that  some  of  the  juries,  in  the  finding  of  these  Termon 

^ds,  professed  to  give  no  credit  to  the  bishops'  register  books,  but  to  do  as  they  were  led  by  their 

^*wn  knowledge,  notes,  observation,  and  tradition,  and  that  they  [the  deputy  and  council]  promised 

^  certify  as  much  to  them"  [the  council  in  London]. 

But  still  another  letter,  more  than  ordinarily  interesting  as  explanatory  of  the  work  done 
during  the  northern  journey,  was  forwarded  a  few  days  later  to  Salisbur}%  This  letter  was 
^^tten  by  Sir  Josias  Bodley(i),   and    contains  a  curious  account  of  the  method   of  survey 


I- 


(i).  BodUy, — See  p.    153.      In   Bodley's  account  of 

^  visit  to  Sir  Richard  Moryson,  in  January,  1602-3,  at 

^^patrick,  his  descriptions  are  graphic,  and  lead  us 

to  infer— as  was  indeed  the  fact — that  he  was  not  the 

*ort  of  man  to  secure  broad  lands  in  Ulster,  as  his  com- 

l^ons  did.     He  tells  of  dinners  and  dogs,  of  suppers 

*ad  maskers,   with  an  occasional  fling  at  some  of  the 

wen  ^reat  authorities  in  Ireland,  varied  by  a  hit  at  Hugh 

9'Neill,  who  had  recently  surrendered,  but  not  before 

giving  the  English  officers,   and  Bodley  with  the  rest, 

some  serious  trouble.     "  That  Tyrone,"  says  he,  **  is  the 

woRt  rascal,  and  very  wary  and  subtle,  and  wont  be 

^en,  except  on  good  terms."    Among  many  similar 

Passages  in  this  sketch  we  have  the  following: — "But 

W  can  we  now  tell  about  the  sumptuous  preparation  of 

evaything?    How  about  the  dinners?    How  about  the 

ioppers  ?     How  about  the  dainties  ?     For  we  seemed  as 

if  present  (as  you  would  suppose)  at  the  nuptial  banquet 

io  which  some  Cleopatra  nad  invited  her  Anthony ;  so 

ill  any  varieties  of  meats  were  there,  so  many  kinds  of 

Z 


condiments ;  about  every  one  of  which  I  would  willingly 
say  something,  only  I  fear  being  tedious.     I  shall,  there- 
fore, demonstrate,   from  a  single  dinner  what  may  be 
imagined  of  the  rest     There  was  a  large  and  beautiful 
collar  of  brawn,  with  its  accompaniments,  to  wit,  mus- 
tard and  Muscadel  wine ;  there  were  well-stuffed  geese, 
such  as  the  Lord  Bishop  [Thomas  Jones,  then  Bishop  of 
Meath  and  afterwards  Archbishop  of  Dublin,  and  a  com- 
missioner of  plantation  in  1609]  is  wont  to  eat  at  Ard- 
braccan,  the  legs  of  which  Captain  Caulfield  [Sir  Toby] 
always  laid  hold  of  for  himself ;  there  were  pies  of  veni- 
son and  of  various  kinds  of  game  ;  also  some  of  marrow, 
with  innumerable  plums  ;  others  with  coagulated  milk, — 
such  as  the  Lord  Mayor  and  Aldermen  of  London  almost 
always  have  at  their  feasts  ;  others,    which   they   call 
Tarts,  of  divers  shapes,  materials,  and  colours,  made  of 
beef,  mutton,  and  veal.     I  do  not  mention,  because  they 
are  called  vulgar,  other  kinds  of  dishes  wherein  France 
much  abounds,   and  which  they  designate  Quelq^choses 
XKickshcnm^  according  to  our  older  novelists,   meaning 


194 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


employed,  and  of  the  difficulties  which  prevented  any  very  accurate  admeasurement  of  tl: 
"  It  may  please  your  Lordships,"  says  Bodley,  "  having  been  employed  these  six  month! 
the  chorographical  description  of  the  northern  parts  of  Ireland,  as  preparative  to  the  i 
plantation,  I  thought  it  my  duty  in  these  few  lines,  notwithstanding  the  information  whi 
I^ordship  may  have  at  large  from  others  [Ridgeway  and  Davys],  to  give  an  account 
proceeding,  for  the  better  justifying  our  labours  therein,  if  any  way  they  should  be 
exceptions.  It  was  required  that  these  escheated  counties  should  be  so  plotted  [mapped] 
readily,  and  by  the  eye,  the  known  boundary  of  every  county  might  be  discerned;  the  Chu 
distinguished  from  the  temporal ;  the  land  already  granted  from  that  which  was  to  be  disp 
the  shares  for  undertakers  to  be  laid  out  with  their  apparent  limits,  according  to  certain  a 
proportions  of  different  quantities ;  the  goodness  or  badness  of  the  soil ;  with  the 
mountains,  rivers,  bogs,  and  loughs ;  and  other  particularities  importing  that  business, 
several  places  to  be  specified.  It  was  late  in  the  year  ere  this  service  was  set  on  foot  (see 
and  the  shortest  way  for  dispatch  that  might  be  was  taken.  To  have  gone  to  work  by  t 
rules  of  survey  would  have  asked  long  time,  and  drawn  on  a  deep  charge,  and  yet,  sav 
matter  of  dimension  only,  but  meanly  have  answered  the  points  in  charge  (2).  For  which  n 
thought  it  our  readiest  course  that,  whilst  the  Lord  Deputy  and  commissioners  in  their  in< 
concerning  the  Bishops*  claims,  bestowed  their  time  in  those  counties,  we  should  take  unt 
of  every  barony,  such  persons  as,  by  their  experience  in  the  county,  could  give  us  the  112 
quality  of  every  balliboe,  quarter,  tathe,  or  other  common  measure  in  any  the  precincts 
same,  with  special  notice  how  they  butted,  or  meared  interchangeably,  the  one  on  the  otfc 
which  means,  and  other  necessary  helps,  we  contrived  those  maps  which  are  now  transnc 
your  Lordship ;  and  therein  the  method  we  observed  was  such  as  might  easily  warrant  us  I 


tnjl<'s\  Neither  do  I  relate  anything  of  the  delicacies 
that  accompanied  the  cheese,  because  they  would  exceed 
all  belief."  See  C/lst^r  Journal  0/ Archaology^  vol.  ii., 
pp.  88,  89. 

(2).  In  charge.  —  'The  matter  of  dimension  only,* 
which  Bodley  appears  to  have  considered  of  small  conse- 
quence, came  very  soon  afterwards  to  mean  something 
serious.  Bodley  does  not  really  pretend  to  say  that  they 
had  'gone  to  work  by  the  strict  rules  of  survey  ;*  on  the 
contrary,  he  leads  us  to  believe  that  such  'rules*  would 
have  been  unsuitable,  if  not  impracticable  under  the 
circumstances.  His  then  fellow- worker.  Parsons,  had 
the  reputation  of  doing  strange  thines  in  his  surveys  for 
himself  and  his  friatds ;  and  assuredly  some  such  jobs 
must  have  been  perpetrated  in  that  survey.  Arable  lands 
must  have  been  represented  as  bogs  and  morasses, — or 
unproJUabU^ — as  in  very  many  instances  the  proportions 
were  soon  afterwards  found  to  have  expanded  to  an  almost 
incredible  extent.  l*hese  expansions  could  not  have  been 
accounted  for  by  the  reclamation  of  wastes  during  the 
short  interval  between  1609  and  1633,  yet  we  have  Went- 
worth,  at  the  latter  date,  writing  to  Coke  on  this  matter 
as  follows  : — "  Now,  giving  myself  leisure  to  look  into  it, 
I  find  that  their  [the  Ulster  undertakers']  estates  (being 
in  a  manner  all  forfeited  for   want  of  performance  of 


Covenants  of  Plantation,  and  so  devolved  back) 
new  Re-^nts  are  all  remitted,  without  rig! 
Crown,  either  in  the  overmeasuring  of  their  Pre 
or  in  the  Tenures ;  in  both  which  it  [the  Cr 
sustained,  in  this  chiefely,  as  in  other  Plantation 
ful  injury,  hy  passing  in  Truth  ten  times  the  Qu 
Land  expressed  in  t)ieir  Patents^  and  reserving  tl 
base  tenures  in  soccage,  which  being  the  oSy  t 
general  Mischiefs  which  the  Crown  suffers,  nn 
cases  through  the  whole  kingdoni,  not  only  in  P 
mainly  too  in  Point  of  State  (the  reserving  T« 
capite  being  the  greateet  Means  of  drawing  the 
to  depend  on  his  Majesty,  which,  as  in  allking 
in  this,  is  most  principally  to  be  attended  and 
for),  I  thought  good  to  stay,  cast  awhile  about«  a 
if  it  were  possible  to  play  an  After-game  so  ip 
reduce  them  in  these  principal  respects  to  Re 
Justice,  as  I  must  endeavour  to  do  in  all  the  n 
Plantations  here."  See  Strafford's  Letters  and  D 
vol.  i.,  p.  132).  Went  worth  played  his  *AI 
rather  too  successfully  for  his  own  safety,  as  these 
undertakers,  although  they  had  received  their  b 
the  father  of  the  King  whom  Wentworth  was  a 
right,  proved  the  bitterest  enemies  of  both,  am 
to  bring  both  to  the  scaffold. 


RESULTS    AND    ARRANGEMENTS.  1 95 

fra.xidulent  dealing  of  our  informers;  whilst  their  least  error  or  mistaking,  by  examination  and 

corxf^rring  of  the  several  parts,  might  presently  be  discovered.     Somewhat  also  it  will  make  for  our 

exid^avours  herein,  that  we  have  found  many  thousands  of  acres  for  his  Majesty  more  than  by  any 

sxirv^ey  heretofore  have  come  to  light     And  albeit  we  could  not  deliver  the  precise  number  of  acres 

or  e^very  parcel  otherwise  than  as  they  went  in  ordinary  computation  of  the  country,  by  which  they 

the  acres  mentioned  in  the  printed  book  of  articles  by  more  than  one  half  by  reason  of  the 

•ence  of  the  perch  here  used  and  the  statute  perch  there  named,  yet  can  it  little  disadvantage 

Ws    !Wajesty,  if  it  shall  be  thought  fit,  in  contracting  with  the  undertakers,  that  some  clause  be 

ii^serted  of  reservation  to  a  more  exact  survey  hereafter ;  which,  whensoever,  it  shall  take  effect, 

Aere  is  no  question  but  his  Majesty's  revenues  from  those  parts  shall  be  augmented  by  above  a 

^ird  (3).     And  thus  much  I  have  presumed,  under  your  Lordship's  favourable  construction,  to 

deliver  concerning  this  business." 

Davys  and  Ridgeway  had  not  long  reached  London  when  they  were  permitted  to  spread  out 

tlieir  attractive  wares  before  the  admiring  but  puzzled  faces  of  the  authorities  there.     The  baronial 

'^^^ps  of  the  escheated  counties  must  have  attracted  much  admiration  were  it  only  for  the  varied 

^J^d    glowing  colours   in  which   they  were  drawn.      But  after  the  two  commissioners'  arrival, 

some  little  time  was  required  to  have   their  several  collections  of  papers  becomingly  bound 

^J"   presentation.     It  was  not  until  about  the  middle  of  March  that  the  maps,  in  this  respect, 

^''^re  made  presentable;  and  then  they  were  forwarded  to  Salisbury  by  Ridgeway,  who  accompanied 

^'^em  by  the  following  letter : — "  May  it  please  your  Lordship, — The  mapps  of  the  6  escheated 

bounties,  besides  the  Deny  [the  county  of  the  city  of  Deny],  being  but  now  newly  bound  in  6 

^^veral  bookes  for  his  Ma'^«*  view  and  the  light  of  the  intended  plantacon,  I  humbly  send  them 

*^^J^withal  unto  your  Honour  with  the  humble  desire  to  receive  some  advice  from  your  Lordship 

*^y  Mr.  Newton  or  otherwise,  whether  I  shall  sett  downe  in  y«  plaine-leafe  at  the  fore  front  of  each 

^^ooke  the  contents  of  the  same  shire  in  this  very  forme  of  the  enclosed  summary  note  of 

^-^Iculation,  or  ells  leave  it  for  a  time  unwritten  to  be  afterwards  filled  up  according  to  such  other 

^ornie  as  any  alteracon  upon  the  now  course  in  hand  may  happen  to  produce.     Alsoe,  I  humblye' 

Present  unto  your  Lordship,  for  your  Honour's  owne  use  and  perusal  at  your  best  pleasure,  halfe  a 

^ozen  like  Bookes  of  my  owne,  which  (Imitation  onely)  I  extracted  in  the  campe  and  att  my  owne 

^ouse,  forbearinge  to  fill  up  the  very  compliments  with  descriptions,  or  the  other  blanck  leaffes  any 

^otes  till  I  receave  somewhat  from  your  Lordship  in  generall,  what  will  best  sorte  with  the  same 

^pes,  and  with  your  Honour's  lyking.     Whereuppon  all  shall  be  performed  accordinglye,  in 

teff,  and  yet  particularly  within  3  or  4  days  at  far^est.     The  true  copy  of  the  Lord  Deputy's 

remaining  Advizes  concerning  the   plantation,   I   have,   sythence   your  Lordship's   vouchsafed 

admittance  and  audience  yesterday,  (for  which  I  reste  humbly  bound)  selected  and  singled  out 

from  among  other  his  Lordship's  Remembrances,  both  publyik  and  private,  the  later  impartable  at 

your  Lordship's  better  leasure.     The  Heads,  and  true  state  of  all  ells  requirable  of  me  by  your 

(3).  Abavi  a  third, — ^This  increase  to  the  King  would       the  English  statute  measure  instead  of  what  was  afterwards 
.^rise, among  other  causes, chiefly  from  the  introduction  of      known  as  plantation  measure. 


196 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


Honour  (this  of  the  plantation  being  the  Hoc  Age,  first  and  principall  part  of  my  employment  frc 
Ireland  hyther),  I  will  not  faile,  God  willing,  even  in  ipso  puncto  sincerely  and  proudly  to  sett  dow 
and  send,  about  the  middle  of  next  weeke,  for  your  Lordship's  penisall  att  your  owne  best  tym< 
My  ever  good  God  in  heaven  continue  and  increase  to  your  Lordship  all  honour,  healthe,  ai 
happyness.  Even  soe  forbearing  your  Honour's  furder  trouble,  I  humWye  and  ever  remain  yo 
Lordship's  wholly  to  dispose  of,  Thos.  Ridgeway. 

"From  my 
Lodging  in  ye  Strand, 
March  15th,  1609." 

"  I  humbly  present  also  to  your  Lordship  the   Irish  Conceived  pedigrees  of  their  git 
Lordes"  (4). 

"The  enclosed  Summary  of  contents,"  referred  to  in  the  foregoing  letter  has  been  preserve 
among  the  State  Papers,  and  now  re-appears  as  a  most  interesting  specimen  of  the  manner  in  fiU< 
the  lands  were  distinguished  and  distributed.     The  part  thus  done  was  selected  as  an  illustiatic 
of  the  whole,  and  forwatded  under  the  title  of  "Summary  of  the  Contents  of  the  County 
Ardmagh,  and  Explanation  of  Conventional  Signs  on  the  .Map : — 

"The  whole  county  of  Ardmagh  consists  of  835  balliboes  of  several  contents  [of  different  size 
making  in  all  81,160  acres,  whereof 


Baronies. 

Fewes 

Ardmagh 

Orrier 

Toghrany 

Onealan 


Ecclesiastical  land,  coloured  green  in  the  maps. 

Balliboes. 

30^  of  100  acres  the  ballibo 

63 
7 

64 
16 


99 


99 


99 


99 


99 


99 


99 


99 


39O5O 
6,300 

6,400 
1,600 


Abbey  lands  distinguished  with  this  ^  mark,  and  coloured  green. 


I9330 
200 
880 


1,200 


Fewes  13    of  100  acres  in  the  ballibo 

Orrier  10    of  1 20  acres  in  the  ballibo 

Onealan       ...        ...         ...         ...         ...         16    3  of  60  acres  and  7  of  100 

Temporal  lands  already  granted,  left  white  in  the  maps  and  marked  1^ 

Fewes  35     of  100  acres  to  Tur.McHenry  3,500 

Ardmagh 2    of  100  acres  to  Charlemount       too 


(4).  Great  Lordes, — ^These  pedigrees  filled  a  book, 
which,  it  may  be  supposed,  Salisbury  did  not  often 
consult  The  contents  of  this  book  appear  to  hare  been 
compiled  by  some  person  wholly  unfitted  for  the  task. 
The  Dook  "was  maae  in  the  year  of  Christ ^,"  and  pro- 
fessed to  contain  "  the  descents  of  the  mere  Irish  fiunilies, 
with  the  severall  monarchs  of  them  which  ruled  in  that 


land,  whose  government  continued  until  that  Heniy  ] 
conquered  and  suppressed  them.  The  stme  wtt  %ntm 
by  sundiT  collections  of  the  Eari  of  TboaaiMlv  and  « 
correctea  by  divers  of  the  nation  aocordinff  to  tht  ti 
orthography  of  the  Irish  nation."  If  so^  it  mnsi  ki 
been  afterwards  sadly  oonftued  and  dfafigi^ed  b|r  Ik 
ignoimnt  scribe  in  Sir  GeoCgt  Cavew's  ofteiL 


RESULTS    AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


197 


Baronies. 

Orrier 
Toghrany 

Balliboes,  in  all 


Balliboes.  Acres. 

31     of  T20   acres   to   Newiy  and 

Mountnorris  3,720 

49    of  I  GO  acres  to  Sir  Henry  Oge 

O'Neale  4*900 


33o>^ 


Acres,  in  all     33,890 


Which  sum  of  330 J^  balliboes,  making  33,890  acres,  being  deducted  out  of  the  whole  content 
>f  tie  county,  there  remains  504 Ji  batlliboes,  making  47,280  acres,  to  be  disposed  of  in  several 
Proportions,  and  other  allotments,  as  follows : 


Baronies. 

Onealan 


Ajrdmagh 


CDrrier 


BaUiboes. 

Acres. 

150^  of   60  acres'each 
$4)4  of  100  acres  each 

^     17,490 

(  Great, 
<  Middle, 
(  Small, 

2 

3 
8 

62^  of  100  acres  each 

6,270 

/  Middle, 
Small, 

I 
3 

For  the  College  at 

Dublin 

•  •  •         •  • . 

63  J4  of  100  acres  each 

6,360 

f  Great, 
(  Small, 

I 
4 

1 43      of  1 20  acres  each 

16,130 

(  Great, 
<  Middle, 
1  Small, 

2 

3 

7 

For  a  Freehold 


Acres. 

4,240 

4,770 
8,480 

ii590 
3,180 

1,500 
2,120 
4,240 

4,240 

4,470 
7,420 

730 

47,280 


Acres  in  all 
Ivery  proportion  circumscribed  on  the  maps  with  red  lines. 

Great  in  yellow  colour  marked  (S) 

Middle  in  violet    „  „         0 

Small  in  carnation  „  „         0 

The  lands  laid  out  for  corporate  towns,  freeholds,  College  of  Dublin,  and  such  like,  remain 

^^e,  unmarked." 

II. 

Of  the  'Six  several  books'  of  beautifully  executed  maps,  presented  to  Salisbury,  in  March, 

^^9i  four  have  been  discovered  in  the  State  Papers  office,  London.     The  credit  and  honour  of 

^  discovery  are  entirely  due  to  W.  H.  Hardinge,  Esq.,  who  has  supplied  to  the  Royal  Irish 

Academy  the  following  account  of  the  treasures  thus  brought  to  light  in  the  year  i860: — "I 

asked  at  the  State  Paper  Office  to  be  shown  those  [maps]  of  the  counties  enumerated  of  the 

/ear  1609, — when  the  second  volume  of  maps  relating  to  Ireland,  embracing  all  the  MS.  specimens 

of  the  reign  of  King  James  I.,  was  placed  before  me ;  and  one  of  the  first  objects  that  attracted 

^d  fixed  my  attention,  on  opening  the  volume,  was  the  survey  I  was  in  search  of;  I  knew  it  at 


198 


THE    TLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


sight,  and,  upon  inspection,  found  that  there  were  four  county  books,  each  vellum  bound,  and 
illuminated  with  coats  of  arms  after  the  fashion  of  the  day,  representing  Armagh,  Cavan,  Fennanagh, 
and  TjTone,  and  containing  separate  maps  of  each  barony,  in  each  respective  county,  within  which 
were  pricked  out  the  several  proportions  of  land  therein,  and  their  subdivisions  by  name,  as 
required  by  the  articles  of  instruction  annexed  to  the  commission  of  survey  (see  p.  126).     These 
several  subdivisions  were,  as  appears  to  me,  aftenvards  successively  coloured  off,  to  distinguish  tb^ 
townlands  granted  from  those  remaining  undisposed  of,  and  in  the  hands  of  the  Crown,  until,  br^ 
repeated  processes  of  colouring  of  different  hues,  to  denote  different  grants  or  properties,  all 
distributed  (5).     It  is  much  to  be  regretted  that  the  maps  of  Coleraine  and  Derry  [the  county 
the  city  of  Derr>'];  and  of  Donegal,  which  would  complete  the  six  escheated  counties,  are 
forthcoming.     Yet,  I  cannot  but  hojxj  that  they  will  be  found,  as  they  should  be  reposing  in  sc^vim 
unexplored  corner  of  Her  Majesty's  State  Paper  Office.     ...     I  have  compared  closely  tlie 
maps  of  some  of  the  baronies  with  our  modern  Ordnance  Maps ;  and  although  there  exists,  &s  I 
anticipated,  from  the  great  perfection  to  which  the  art  of  surveying  has  attained  since  1609,  when  ft 
was  but  in  its  infancy,  considerable  difference  of  configuration,  and  still  more  marked  disaepanciK 
in  the  names  of  denominations,  yet  the  maps  in  such  juxtaposition  identify  with  tolerable  accanq 
the  past  with  present  features  and  outlines ;  and  where,  as  in  the  greater  number  of  instances  is  the 
case,  the  title  of  present  possessors  grows  out  of  and  is  dependent  upon  the  plantation  gnnt^ 
although  the  greater  portion  of  the  names  by  which  the  townlands  were  granted  have  disaf^peared 
in  the  stream  of  time,  sufficient  identifying  incidents  remain  to  satisfy  equity  and  common  sense 
that  certain  names  and  features  on  the  Ordnance  maps  are  represented  by  certain  other  names  and 
features  laid  down  on  the  maps  of  1609. 

"There  is,  however,  one  barony  of  the  four  escheated  counties,  the  maps  of  which  have  turned 
up,  that  represents  an  appearance  the  very  reverse  of  truth.  It  is  the  barony  of  Armagh  ;  the  landi 
on  the  right  hand  boundary  of  the  map,  and  so  internally  to  its  centre,  should  be  on  the  left;  and 
controy  the  left  arrangement  should  be  on  the  right  In  considering  the  cause  of  such  displacenieii^ 
it  occurred  to  me  that  the  outlines  of  the  map,  when  originally  traced,  aiid  before  writing  in  tht 
names  of  the  townlands,  might  have  been  reversed,  and  that  then  the  names  were  written  into  thci 
reverse  boundary  outlines  (6).      And  having  tested  this  by  an  exactly  similar  counteraction,  tl 


(5).  Distributed. — This  was  a  natural  enough  conclu- 
sion to  anvono  who  had  not  l)een  aware  of  the  fact  that 
the  lands  intended,  or  laid  out  in  the  maps  for  corporate 
towns,  freeholds  for  natives,  forts,  free  schools,  and  the 
college,  remained  white  and  unmarked.  All  the  avail- 
able lands  for  undertakers  were  originally  describe<l  by 
various  marks  and  colours,  so  that  the  maps  were  never 
re-touched  after  passing  into  Salisbury's  hands.  The 
colours,  it  is  evident,  in  many  instances,  have  seriously 
given  way,  if  the  copies  made  at  the  Ordnance  Survey 
oftice  truly  represent  the  originals.  The  great  propor- 
tions were  drawn  in  yellow  colour  and  the  small  propor- 
tions in  carnation,  but  the  distinction  now  between  them 
is  hartlly,  in  several  instances,  perceptible  ;  whilst  the 
marks  (peculiar  to  each  have  become  faint  in  some  cases, 


and  in  others  portions  of  these   marks  have  altofe 
disappeared.    The   middle  proportions   were  draw 
violet  colour,  which  appears  to  have  retained  its  on 
hue  better  than  the  others. 

(6).  Outlifus, — A  learned  friend  writes  as  foOo 
'*  There  is  no  steady  rule  of  North  and  South  in  th 
maps.     Even  in  the  two  maps  of  Oneilan  that 
exact  harmony,  for  though  the  compass  points  f 
as  regards  north  and  south,  in  the  first  the  north  is  f 
and  m  the  second  S.S.E.     In  the  first  map  we 
Challan  Flu  on  the  left  side  which  is  right,  and 
map  be  turned  upside  down,  it  will  be  on  the  rig^ 
is  wrong.      In  this  map  LctHiUycgiisk    lies  v 
Armagh,  which  is  quite  rip;ht ;   and   Monyn 
farther  [off],  which  is  quite  right :  but  torn  tiM 


RESULTS    AND    ARRANGEMENTS.  1 99 

rue  originally  intended  map  came  into  view.  The  error  is  all  the  more  unaccountable,  as  more 
ban  one  half  of  the  barony  is  ecclesiastical  property,  in  the  defence  and  preservation  of  which 
le  commission  of  survey  included  as  commissioners  all  bishops  having  spiritual  jurisdiction  and 
fiaige  within  the  six  escheated  counties.     The  mistake  would  have  proved  of  mpre  consequence 

any  other  barony  than  that  of  Armagh,  as  the  entire  property  in  that  barony  was  (except  a  few 
dliboes)  vested  in  the  Archbishop  of  Armagh,  in  right  of  his  see;  in  right  of  the  fort  of 
angannon  [Charlemount] ;  and,  in  Trinity  College,  in  right  of  its  grant  under  the  great  seal  of 
agland,  dated  at  Westminster,  the  29th  August,  in  the  eighth  year  of  the  reign  of  King  James  I. 
610].  The  general  utility  of  the  maps  may  be  exemplified  by  this  plantation  grant  to  the 
allege.     The  grant  passes  the  territory  of  Towaghy,  but  does  not  name  the  balliboes  or  townlands 

which  it  consisted :  neither  does  the  inquisition  of  the  ecclesiastical  lands  in  the  county  of 
nnagh ; — the  map  of  the  barony  names  them  all,  and  defines  their  respective  outlines  and 
lative  position  to  each  other.  .  .  .  These  maps  are  very  beautiful  specimens  of  the  art  of 
loto-zincography — a  name  given  by  Colonel  Sir  Henry  James,  R.E.  and  K.C.B.,  to  a  process 
ivented,  I  believe,  by  himself.  They  were  executed  by  directions  of  the  Lords  Commissioners  of 
er  Majesty's  Treasurj^,  under  the  colonel's  superintendence,  at  the  Ordnance.  Survey  Establishment 
>T  England,  at  Southampton,  for  the  use  of  the  Landed  Estates  Record  Office,  Dublin,  where 
leir  practical  utility  and  value  are  likely  to  be  well  and  frequently  tested."  Proceedings  Royal 
risk  Academy f  vol  viii.,  pp.  48-51. 

It  was  not  long  until  the  test  now  mentioned  was  applied,  and  the  result  sufficiently  established 
^e  truth  of  Mr.  Hardinge's  estimate  as  to  the  value  of  these  maps.  The  foregoing  extract  has  been 
aadefrom  a  Paper  read  at  a  meeting  of  the  Academy  in  December,  1861;  but  at  a  somewhat  later 
•eriod,  and  in  a  communication  On  the  Earliest  known  Manuscript  Census  Returns  of  the  People  of 
'nland,  he  returns  to  the  subject,  and  supplements  his  former  statements  by  the  following  highly 
^teresting  particulars : — "It  is  a  gratifying  result  of  industry  that  I  have  been  permitted  on  so  many 
<^casions  to  communicate  to  this  Academy  the  discovery  of  long  concealed  and  even  historically  un- 
oticed  manuscripts,  affecting  Ireland,  of  characters  most  interesting  and  valuable.  .  .  As  an  important 
stance  of  such  discoveries,  I  may  adduce  the  original  admeasurement  townland  survey  of  four  of 
'e  escheated  counties  of  Ulster.  That  survey  was  taken  in  the  autumn  of  1609,  in  the  presence 
U  strong  detachment  of  the  army  of  King  James  I.,  and  under  the  immediate  observation  and 
^ntrol  of  the  most  eminent  ecclesiastical,  military,  legal,  and  other  civil  functionaries  iri  the 
'ngdom.  .  .  These  original  mapped  representations  of  the  to^vnlands,  territories,  and  precincts, 
assed  away  by  Letters  Patent  from  the  Crown  to  its  several  grantees,  should,  so  soon  as  the 
lantation  purposes  were  accomplished,  have  been  sent  back  to  Dublin,  and  deposited  in  the  office 
f^the  Surveyor-General  of  Crown  Lands,  for  public  use  and  preservation ;  but  from  supineness  and 
advertence,  they  were  allowed  to  slumber  among  the  State  Paper  Office  Records  in  London, 

?  down,  which  is  the  true  position,  and  then  Levallye-  can  be  seen  how  far  they  swerve  from  exact  correctness. 

h  will  be  thrown  to  the  remote  East.     In  these  maps  The  survey  of  1609  is  wonderfully  good,  considering  the 

all  the  materials   for  ascertaining   the  positions   of  means  and  opportunities  of  the  parties  employed."    These 

:es,  and  by  comparison  with  the  Ordnance  Maps  it  remarks  apply  more  or  less  to  all  the  baronial  maps  of  1609* 


2CX>  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

where  the  knowledge  of  their  existence  was  ignored,  when,  in  the  year  i860,  I  attended  at  the 
Public  Department,  and  re(iuested  a  sight  of  them.     I  persisted  in  my  demand,  and  had  the  good 
fortune  to  identify,  as  the  Academy  are  already  aware,  four  out  of  the  six  counties  escheated  and 
surveyed ;  and,  the  better  fortune  still,  through  the  Treasury,  of  restoring  them,  or  rather  the 
practical  use  of  them,  by  means  of  photo-zincographic  copies,  to  the  Irish  nation.     A  higher 
testimony  to  the  faultless  perfection  of  the  results  of  the  photo-zincographic  art  could  not  be 
conceded,  nor  a  higher  proof  of  the  unprejudiced  and  clear  perceptions  of  the  learned  judge  placed 
upon  record,  than  the  admission  in  evidence  of  a  copy  from  these  copies  of  the  original  maps,  by 
Lord  Chancellor  Brady,  in  a  recent  case  depending  in  the  Court  of  Chancery  (7).     This  decision 
establishes  the  new  principle  of  the  reception  of  a  copy  from  a  copy,  while  the  original  is  yet  in 
existence.     It  also  establishes  the  further  principle   that  the  non-use  of  public  documents  for 
centuries,  provided  their  origin  and  object  are  clearly  shown,  and  that  when  discovered  they  are 
found  in  a  pertinent  public  depository,  does  not  invalidate  their  application  to  explain  the  uses  that 
their  origin  and  object  were  intended  to  effect,  and  to  which'they  were  originally  made  subser\ient 
These  observations  are  the  rather  worth  publishing,  as,  since  the  year  1609,  there  has  been  veiy 
little  re-forfeiture  of  the  titles  under  which  the  Plantation  county  lands  are  held  ;  and,  therefore^ 
present  proprietors  may  apply  the  maps  in  question  in  illustration  of  the  names  and  bounds  of  the 
townlands,  territories,  and  precincts  granted  by  their  respective  Letters  Patents,  in  exactly  the  same 
way  as  the  better  known  Down  Survey  Maps  are  applied  by  present  possessors,  deriving  titles 
to  lands  forfeited  in   1641,  and  passed  by  Letters  Patents,  under  the  Acts  of  Settlement  aa^ 
Explanation.     In  the  instance  of  this  discovery,  I  think  the  Academy  must  acknowledge  thi^^ 
very  important   conse(|uences   have  already  resulted."      See  Transactions   of   the   Royal 
Academy,  vol.  xxiv.,  pp.  317,  318. 

In  the  course  of  their  labours  in  Dublin,  after  their  northern  tour  of  nine  weeks,  the 
sioners  appear  to  have  drawn  up  summaries  of  the  lands  available  in  each  county,  exdasive    of 
Coleraine,  which  was  to  be  granted  to  the  corporation  of  London.     The  discrepancies  in 
documents  are  occasionally  such  as  to  attract  attention,  but  generally  the  causes  of  these 
pancies  are  obvious  enough,  although  in  some  instances,  it  would  be  difficult  to  account  for  tbdn* 
The  following  tabular  form  aims  at  not  only  showing  the  quantities  of  land  for  English  and 
undertakers,  but  the  number  of  proportions  for  each  of  the  several  chsses : — "A  note  of  the 
proportions  of  the  undertakeable  land,  besides  the  I^ndoners : — 

(7).   Chancery. — Sec  judjjmcnt  of  the  I x)nl  Chancellor       of  the  Baronie  of  Donganon^;   Parte  ofjpe  Bawwj* 
in  cause  of  Sir  Thomas  Staples  and  others,  petiliuners, 


Loghinisholin ;  Parte  of  ye  Baronie  of  xjo^sbboAi^^ 
Parte  of  the  Baronie  of  Strabane ;  I^ute  of  ye  Bamie* 


Thomas  H.  Haq)cr  and  others,  respondents,  January  17,  Parte  of  the  Baronie  of  Strabane ;  Parte  of  ye  uawaB* 

1865.     The  following  is  a  list  of  the  baronial  maps  dis-  Strabane  ;  The  Baronie  of  the  Omey ;  The  Baronit^ 

covered  by  Mr.  llardinge,  and  since  copied  and  zinco-  Clogher ;   The  Baronie  of  Loghtie ;    The   Baioak  if 

ffraphed  by  order  of  the  l^rds  of  the  Treasury  : — Half  ye  Tollagh  Garvie ;  The  Baronie  of  Clanchy ;  The  bnw 

Baronie  of  Knockninnie ;  Parte  of  the  Baronie  of  Knock-  of  Castle  Rahin  ;  The  Baronie  of  Cloiiinaboviie ;  tk 

ninnie;  The  Baronie  of  Cloncally  ;  The  Baronie  of  Clin-  Baronie  Tollachconco ;  The  Baronie  of  ToUafjb  h^\ 

awley  ;  The  Baronie  of  Maghery  Steffanah  with  ye  two  The  Baronie  of  Orier ;  The  Baronie  of  Fves;  hittrf 

Halfe  liaronies  of  C(X>Ie  and  Tircannada  ;  'Hie  Baronie  of  the  Baronie  of  Oneilan;  Parte  of  the  Boroiiie  of  Onetei 

Mahhery  lioy  ;  The  llalfe  Baronies  of  lx)rgh  and  Cole  The  Baronie  of  Ardmagh  ;  The  Baronie  of  To^jbiay. 
Mackernan  ;    l*arte  of  ye  Baronie  of  Donganon  ;  Part 


RESULTS   AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


20I 


Ardmagh, 


19 


99 


Tyrone, 


M 


)» 


Donegall, 


» 


» 


Fermanagh, 


» 


»» 


Cavan, 


99 


Britons 

Great. 
3 

Middle. 
4 

Small. 

12 

Acres. 
24,000 

Servitors 

I 

3 

2 

Natives 

o 

2 

5 

Britons 

6 

lO 

23 

50,000 

Servitors 

I 

2 

7 

Natives 

I 

2 

7 

Britons 

6 

9 

17 

38,500 

Servitors 

3 

o 

6 

Natives 

o 

o 

12 

Britons 

3 

2 

6 

21,000 

Servitors 

I 

I 

4 

Natives 

2 

I 

4 

Britons 

4 

6 

12 

29,000 

Servitors 

I 

3 

5 

Natives 

2 

3 

10 

Sum  of  acres  for  Britons  [English  and  Scottish].  162,500 

Proportions  for  Britons,  great  22,  middle  31,  small  70=123  ;  besides  Londoners,  &c.,  [/.^.,  all 
^ds  for  other  undertakers,  corporations,  schools,  and  the  college"). 

Among  the  papers  carried  by  Davys  and  Ridgeway  to  London  was  the  following  tabulated 
form  of  the  numbers,  names,  and  quantities  of  the  great  precincts  [or  baronies]  in  the  escheated 
<^unties,  "  which  may  be  clearly  disposed  to  undertakers"  : — 

In  Armagh,  4,  viz.  (8). 

Acres. 

^'  Orrier  (9),  •••  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...         i5»5oo 

2.  Oneilan  (10),  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...         16,500 


(8).  Armagh, — The  county  of  Annagh  now  contains 
^   eight  baronies  of  Armagh,  Upper   Fcwes,    Lower 
^t^cs,  East  Oneilan,  West  Oneilan,  Upper  Orior,  Lower 
^^r,  and  Tjrrany.     The  last-named  barony  is  not  in- 
deed in  the  list  given  above,  because  its  lands  were  not 
available  for  plantation,  being  pre-occupied  (see  p.  156). 
It  contains  upwards  of  27,397  acres.     The  Blackwater 
t^^ces  the  whole  of  its  northern  boundary  and  an  exten- 
»'e  part  of  its  western  boundary,  so*  that  the  right  side 
of  the  pleasant  valley  of  that  river  is  almost  identical 
with  the  northern  half  of  the  barony.     It  contains  part 
of  the  parishes  of  Derrynoose,  Eglish,  Keady,  and  Tynan, 
its  principal  villages  being  Middleton  and  Tynan, 

(9).  Orritr. — Upj.'cr  Orior  contains  about  45,397  acres, 

aod  Lower  Orior  32,535  acres.     Of  the  former,  a  large 

Dortion  of  the  surface   is   mountainous,  containing  the 

5i!ievecullen  and   Newry  mountains,  with  their  several 

fpujs  and  slopes.     This  barony  contains  the  whole  of  the 

parish  of  Jonesborough,  and  part  of  the  parishes  of  Fork- 

hili,  Killevy,  Loughgilly,  and  Belleek.     Its  only  town  is 

A  I 


part  of  Newry,  and  its  principal  villages  are  Forkhill, 
Jonesborough,  and  Belleek.  By  the  act  6  and  7  William 
IV. ,  cap.  S^  nine  townlands  of  the  parish  of  Loughgilly 
were  transferred  to  this  barony  from  the  barony  of  Lower 
Fewes.  In  the  barony  of  Lower  Orior  the  surface  is 
undulating  and  beautiful,  with  a  fertile  soil.  This  barony 
contains  the  whole  of  the  parish  of  Ballymore,  and  part 
of  the  parishes  of  Forkhill,  Kilclooney,  Killevy,  Kilmore, 
and  Loughgilly  ;  its  towns  being  Tanderagee  and  part 
of  Poyntzpass,  and  its  principal  villages  Acton  and 
Mountnoms.  Two  towiuands  were  transferred  from 
Lower  to  Upper  Orior  by  the  above-named  Act. 

(10).  Onnlan, — East  Oneilan  contains  34,498  acres, 
and  West  Oneilan  about  59,502  acres. '  The  former  divi- 
sion contains  part  of  the  parishes  of  Magheralin  and 
Shankill,  and  the  whole  of  the  parishes  of  Seagoe  and 
Muntiaghs,  its  towns  being  Lurgan  and  part  of  Porta- 
down,  and  its  principal  village  Charlestown.  West 
Oneilan  contains  the  whole  of  the  parishes  of  Drumcree 
and  Tartar9ghan,  and  part  of  the  parishes  of  Newry, 


202 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


3.  Fewes  (11), 

4.  Ardmagh  (12), 

1.  Dungannon  (14), 

2.  Mountjoy  (15), 

3.  Omagh  (16), 

4.  Clogher  (17), 

1.  Portlough  (19), 

2.  Liffor  (20), 


6, 

4.5 


In  Tyrone,  5,  viz.  (13). 


16, 

9. 
II. 

I3< 


In  Tirconnell,  6,  viz.  (18), 


Armagh,  Clonfeacle,  Grange,  Killyman,  Kilmore,  Lough- 
gall,  and  MuUaghbrack,  its  towns  and  villages  being 
Kichhill,  Loughgall,  Denyscollop,  Maghery,  Milltown, 
and  part  of  Portadown. 

(11).  Fewes, — The  two  modem  divisions  of  this  barony 
called  Upper  and  Lower,  t(^ther  form  a  long  upland 
stripe  from  the  vicinity  of  Richhill  to  the  south-west 
extremity  of  the  county.  The  barony  of  Upper  Fewes 
contains  47,433  acres,  and  Lower  Fewes  29,758  acres. 
In  the  former  are  situated  the  whole  of  the  parishes  of 
Ballymyre  and  Newtown-Hamilton,  and  part  of  the 
parishes  of  Creggan  and  Lisnadill,  its  towns  being 
Newtown- Hamilton  and  Crossmaglen.  In  the  latter,  or 
Lower  Fewes,  are  situated  part  of  the  parishes  of  Kil- 
clooney,  Lisnadill,  Loughgilly,  and  Mullaghbrack ;  its 
only  town  being  Markethul,  and  its  principal  villages 
Belleek  and  Hamilton's-Bawn. 

(12).  Ardmagh. — The  barony  of  Armagh  contains 
47,866  acres.  It  comprehends  no  entire  parish,  but  in  it 
are  situate  parts  of  the  parishes  of  Armt^h,  Clonfeacle, 
Derrynoose,  Eglish,  Grange,  Keady,  Lisnadill,  Lough- 
gall, and  Tynan. 

(13).   7>/v«^.— See  pp.  92,  94. 

(14).  Dungannon. — There  are  now  three  baronies  of 
this  name,  or,  more  correctly,  perhaps,  three  divisions  of 
the  same  extensive  region  in  Tyrone  so  designated.  These 
are  known  as  Upper,  Middle,  and  Lower  Dungannon, 
the  three  taken  together,  extending  22  miles  from  east  to 
west,  and  about  the  same  length  from  north  to  south. 
These  three  divisions,  although  separately  dealt  with  as 
three  baronies,  are  represented  on  the  Ondnance  Survey 
ma|>s  as  if  undivided,  and  they  only  formed  one  barony 
in  the  survey  of  1 59 1.  It  is  so  extensive,  however,  as  to  in- 
clude almost  all  the  varieties  of  surface  in  Tyrone,  present- 
ing rich  meadow-lands  on  the  flat  shores  of  Lough  Neagh, 
fertile  grain-bearing  undulations  along  the  banks  of  the 
Blackwater,  and  dismally  bleak  uplands  towards  the 
centre  of  the  county.  The  upper  division  or  barony 
contains  about  85,722  acres;  the  middle,  87,619;  and 
the  lower,  42,769  ;  the  three  together  including  part  of 
the  parishes  of  Arboe,  Artrea,  Ballinderry,  Clonfeacle, 
Derryloran,  Killaman,  Lissan,  and  Tamlaght ;  and  the 
whole  parishes  of  Aughloe,  Ballyclog,  Carranteel,  Clonoe, 
Desercreaght,  Donaghenry,  Donaghmore,  Drumglass, 
Kildross,  Killishal,  Pomeroy,  and  Tullaniskin.  The 
chief  towns  are  Dungannon,  Caledon,  Aughnacloy,  Moy, 


14, 


Cookstown,  and  Stewartstown ;  and  the  chief  villam  ^^ 
Pomeroy,  Coalisland,  Grange,  Camted,  TmljrtfcQ^ 
Castle-Caulfield,  Donaghmore,  Coagh,  and  Newmm^  ^ 

( I  J. )  Mountjoy,  — ^This  name,  which  the 
of  plantation  introduced  to  designate  a  portion  of 
barony  of  Dungannon,  was  soon  abandoned,  the  dii 
so  named  being  since  known  as  one  of  the  three  bare 

(16).  Omagh. — This  region  has  bc«n  also,  for 
venience,  recently  divided  into  EUtft  an4  Wert 
It  contains,  east  and  west,  224,647  acres,  indndhvpavi 
of  the  parishes  of  Cap]>agh,    Dona^^icaTey,  UMMrm- 
cross,  and  Termonmacguirk,  with  the  wbde  pannei  <*tf 
Cloghemy,  Dromore,  Drumnigh,  Kilskeeiy,  cut  Lo^K 
field.  West  Longfield,  Skirts  of  Umey  and  Aidstnnr,i 
Termonamungan ;  the  chief  towns  and  TiUsm  ~ 
Omagh,  Baragh,  Sheskinore,  Dromore,  THllidc,  1 

auin,   Castlederg,  Sixmile-Cross,  and  TennoorKk.   \ 
lis  barony  there  are  ten  mountains  Tarjing  firam  54D 
1,260  feet  above  the  sea. 


(17).  Clogher.  ^1\i\&  barony  contains  97,51(9 
and  includes  part  of  the  parishes  of  Agfaalordier,  DoM^* 
cavy,  and  Errigal-Trough,  with  the  whole  of  the  fnamf^ 
of  Clogher  and  Errigsd-Keerogue ;  its  towns  tid 
villages  being  Clogher,  Agher,  Bidlygawley,  aadFii 

(18).   Tirconnell. — Early  in  the  seventeenth 
the  name  Tirconnell  was  superseded  by  that  of 
for    the    county.       The    present    county 
baronies — Inishowen  on  the  north,  Raphoe  on  the 
T3rrhugh  and  Boyhigh  on  the  west,  Bannagh  on  the  » 
west,  and  Kilmacrenan  on  the  noith-west     Iniiliuw  r 
not  mentioned  in  the  list  of  plantation 
barony  had  been  granted  to  Cnichester. 

(19).  Portlough. — This  precinct  now  forms  p«t  of  ^ 
barony  of  Boylagh  and  Bannagh,  and  its  name  hM  b^ 

come  obsolete. 

(20).  Uffbr. — This  precinct  forms  the  greater  put  of  tk 
barony  of  Kaphoe,  which  contains  S20^  723  acrei^  ikMIiI 
part  of  the  parishes  of  Con  wall  and  Arnej,  with  thewhokv 
the  parishes  of  AU-Saints,  Clonleigh, Convoy,  DooaiJbMNb 
Killea,  Kiltevogue,  Leek,  Raphoe,  Raymoriiy,  StiUMRhii 
and  Taughbojme  ;  its  towns  and  prindpal  ▼iUafCshdil 
Newtown-Conjmgham,  Ballindrait,  Convor,  Caitlc»nM^ 
Carrigans,  Raphoe,  Manor-Conyn^^ham,  BaUyboiey,  KiBt* 
eordon,  Stranorlar,  Creagfadoss,  St  JohnstoOy  ana  part  o( 
Lifford. 


RESULTS   AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


203 


.     f  A   •    •    •                                                                       •   •   • 

It    (21), 

I  and  Banagh  (22), 

I  (23), 

iinny(25) 

Iy(26), 

ey  (27), 

nd  Tyrcanada  (28), 

In  Fermanagh,  6,  viz.  (24), 


12,500 

13,000 

10,000 

4,000 

Acres. 
9,000 

5,000 

6,000 

8,000 


and  Faynaght, — These  two  precincts  now 
ony  of  Kilmacrenan,  which  contains  310,656 
ing  part  of  the  parish  of  Conwall,  with  the 
les  of  Aughanuncheon,  Aughnish,  Clonde- 
levaddock,  Gartan,  Kilgarvan,  Kilmacrenan, 
lymunterdony,  Tullaghobegley,  and  Tully- 
owns  and  chief  villages  of  this  barony  are 
Ramelton,  Dunfanaghy,  Doaghbeg,  Rath- 
sloughy  Ballyrooskey,  and  Tawny.  Fanaght 
rms  all  the  eastern  district  of  the  barony, 
cient  district  of  Doe  along  the  western  coast 
ripally  comprised  in  the  parish  of  Clonde- 

agh  and  Banagh, — This  plantation  precinct 
le  two  baronies  so  called.  The  barony  of 
:ains  158,480  acres,  including  the  district  of 
I  the  north,  and  12  inhabited  islands  off  the 
This  barony  comprehends  part  of  the 
miskeel  and  Lower  Killybegs,  and  the  whole 
es  of  Lettermacward  and  Templecroan  ;  its 
being  Glenties  and  Dungloe.  The  barony 
contains  177,822  acres,  including  part  of  the 
iniskeel  and  Lx)wer  Killyb^s,  and  the  whole 
les  of  Glencolumbkill,  Inver,  Kilcarr,  Kill- 
er Killyb^;s,  and  Killymard.  Its  towns  and 
Cillyb^s,^rdara,  and  Mountcharlcs. 

ugh. — This  precinct  now  forms  the  barony 
name,  on  the  extreme  south  of  the  county. 
27,902  acres,  including  part  of  the  parishes 
aint  and  Templecame,  and  the  whole  of  the 
)onegal,  Drumholm,  and  Kilbarron.  By  the 
of  William  IV.,  cap.  84,  the  townland  of 
Id,  in  the  parish  of  Templecame,  was  trans- 
his  barony  to  that  of  Lurg,  in  the  county  of 

tanagh, — There  are  eight  baronies  in  the 
ty  of  Fermanagh,  viz., — On  the  left  or  west 
ugh  Erne,  Knockninny,  Glenawley,  and 
;  and  on  the  right  side  Coole,  Clonkelly, 
ana,  Tyrkennedy,  and  Lurg.  Maghera 
not  mentioned  among  the  precincts  above 
luse  it  was  believed  at  first  that  it  would 
sively  to  Connor  Roe  Maguire. 

ckninny, — This  barony  contains  30,604  acres, 
om  the  head  to  nearly  the  foot  of  Upper 


Lough  Erne,  and  including  about  one- third  of  that 
upper  lake  and  its  islands.  The  surface  of  this  barony 
may  be  described,  indeed,  as  an  expanse  of  lakes,  swamps, 
meadows,  low-lying  fields,  varied  by  patches  of  arable 
lands  and  bogs.  It  contains  part  of  the  parishes  of  Kin- 
awley,  Tomregan,  and  Galloon. 

(26).  ClanccUly, — This  name  is  now  written  Clonkelly. 
The  present  barony,  situate  in  the  extreme  east  of  the 
county  of  Fermanagh,  is  comparatively  small,  although 
much  more  than  six  times  the  size  of  the  available  quan- 
tity of  land  in  the  precinct  above  named.  The  barony 
contains  30,922  acres.  Its  northern  border  is  upland, 
and  the  rest  of  its  surface  is  low,  declining  to  the  south- 
west, and  belonging  to  the  east  side  of  the  basin  system 
of  the  Erne.  This  barony  comprises  only  part  of  the 
two  parishes  of  Clones  and  Galloon ;  and  can  boast  of 
but  one  little  village  named  Rosslee. 

(27).  Clinawley* — This  name  is  now  generally  written 
Glenawley^  and  occasionally  Clanawley,  The  barony, 
which  lies  along  the  west  side  of  Fermanagh,  contains 
75,469  acres.  It  comprises  the  whole  of  the  parish  of 
Killesher,  and  part  of  the  parishes  of  Bohoe,  Cleenish, 
Kinawley,  and  Kossory. 

(28).  Coole  and  Tyrcanada. — These  two  precincts  now 
constitute  the  two  baronies  of  Coole  and  Tyrkennedy. 
The  barony  of  Coole,  which  pontains  only  21,017  acres, 
is  situate  in  the  south-east  comer  of  the  county.  It  is 
divided  into  nearly  two  equal  parts  by  the  east  road  from 
Cavan  to  Enniskillen,  or  that  nmning  through  Newton- 
Butler.  A  considerable  portion  of  bog  is  found  still  to 
occupy  the  centre  of  the  barony,  but  the  districts  along 
the  margin  of  Loufh  Erne,  and  those  including  the  Castle- 
Sanderson  and  Belmont  demesnes,  are  fertile  and  richly 
wooded.  This  barony  contains  part  of  the  parishes  of 
Currin,  Drummully,  and  Galloon  ;  but  it  has  only  one 
village,  Newtown-Butler,  which  from  its  position  is  pretty 
generally  known  and  admired.  The  barony  of  Tyrken- 
nedy, which  lies  on  the  eastern  or  right  side  of  the  Lough, 
contains  54,685  acres,  its  water  area  comprising  a  con- 
siderable portion  of  the  lower  part  of  Upper  Eme  ;  also 
of  that  part  of  the  river  Eme  which  connects  the  two 
lakes,  together  with  a  number  of  small  lakes.  The 
barony  contains  part  of  the  parishes  of  Cleenish,  Derry- 
brusk,  Derryvullane,  Enniskillen,  Magheracross,  and 
Trory.  The  only  town  is  part  of  Enniskillen,  and  the 
chief  villages  are  Lisbelaw,  Tempo,  and  Ballinamallard. 


204 


THE   PLANTATION   IN   ULSTER. 


•  •  • 


5.  Maghery  Boy  (29), 

6.  Coolemckeman  and  Lurge  (30),    ... 


In  Cavan,  7,  viz.  (31), 


1.  Loughty  (32), 

2.  TuUaghgarvey  (33), 

3.  Clanchy  (34), 

4.  Castlerahen  (35), 

5.  Tullaghagh  (36), 

6.  Clonraahon  (37), 

7.  Tullaghtoe  (38), 


IIL 


But  of  the  various  documents  which  have  come  to  light  as  explanatory  of  the  commi 


(29).  Maghery  Boy. — The  barony  is  still  so  named,  and 
lies  in  the  north-west  of  the  county.  It  contains  94,171 
acres,  and  includes  the  whole  of  the  parish  of  Deveniali, 
and  parts  of  the  parishes  of  Bohoc,  Cleenish,  EnniskiUen, 
Innismacsaint,  Rossory,  and  Troiy.  Its  only  tovm  is 
part  of  EnniskiUen,  and  its  chief  villages  are  Churchhill 
and  Derrygonnelly. 

(30).  And  Lurge, — These  two  dbtricts  are  now  com- 
prised in  the  barony  of  Lurg,  in  the  extreme  north  of  the 
county.  Lurg  contains  82, 939  acres,  including  Boa  Island, 
and  at  least  two-thirds  of  ail  the  islands  in  Lower  Lough 
Erne.  It  contains  the  whole  of  the  parishes  of  Belledc, 
Drumkerran,  and  Magheraculmoney ;  and.  part  of  the 
parishes  of  Dcrryvulluie,  Magheracross,  Templecame, 
and  Trory.  Its  towns  and  chief  villages  are  Belleek, 
Lisnarrick,  Lowtherstown,  Edemey,  Kesh,  Lack,  and 
part  of  Pettigoe. 

(31).  Cavan, — The  present  county  of  Cavan  is  divided 
into  eight  baronies,  viz. ,  Tullaghagh,  in  the  north-west ; 
Lower  Loughtee,  in  the  north ;  TuUaghgarvey,  in  the 
north-east ;  Clonkee,  in  the  east ;  Castleraghan,  in  the 
south-east ;  Clonmahon,  in  the  south ;  Tiulyhunco,  in 
the  west ;  and  Upper  Loughtee,  in  the  centre. 

(32).  Loughty, — This  precinct  is  now  represented  by 
the  two  baronies  of  Upper  and  Lower  Loughtee.  Upper 
Loughtee  occupies  the  centre  of  the  county,  and  contains 
66,449  acres.  Its  north-western  portion  is  specially 
attractive  as  containing  the  beautiful  scenexy  of  Lough 
Oughter.  The  barony  includes  part  of  the  parishes  of 
Crosserlough,  Denn,  Killinkere,  Kilmore,  Laragh,  and 
Umey ;  and  the  whole  of  the  parishes  of  Annagcliff, 
Castleterra,  and  Lavey.  Its  towns  and  villages  are  Cavan, 
Ballyhaise,  Butler's-Bridge,  and  Stradone.  Lower  Lough- 
tee contains  29,568  acres.  The  river  Erne  bisects  the 
barony  from  end  to  end,  %,e,^  from  the  foot  of  Lough 
Oughter  to  the  head  of  Upper  Lough  Erne.  This 
barony  contains  part  of  the  parishes  of  Annagh,  Tom- 
regan,  and  Umey,  and  the  whole  of  the  parish  of 
Drumlane. 

(33)'  TuUaghgarvey, — This  barony  contains  59,902 
acres.    Its  eastern  comer  is  made  attractive  by  a  number  of 


natural  lakes,  whilst  the  western  district  b  occc 
beautiful  district  around  Castle-Sannderson  anc 
the  pleasant  Annalee  valley.  Tullagfaganrey 
part  of  the  parishes  of  Annagh,  Dmmgoon,  aa 
and  the  whole  of  the  parishes  of  Dning  and 
sherdon. 

(34)*-  Clanchy, — Thb  name  is  now  written  C 
Ciankee,    The  barony  contains  64,377  acres. 
comprises  the  whole  of  the  parishes  of  Knockl 
Shircock,    and  part  of    the  parishes  of  Bali 
Drumgoon,  Enniskeen,  and  Moybologue.     Its 
Balielx>rough  and  Kingscourt,   and  its  onfy 
Shircock. 

(35).  Castlerahen. — ^This  name  is  now  writb 
Rahan.  The  barony  contains  71,121  acres, 
prises  the  whole  of  the  parishes  of  Castle^Rahai 
Mullogh,  and  Munterconnaght,  with  part  of  tk 
of  Balieborough,  Crosserlough,  Denn,  Killiii 
Loughan.  It  contains  the  towns  of  BallyuuDM 
Virginia  ;  and  the  villages  of  Kilnalock  and  Mi 

(36).  Tullaghagh, — This  name  is  general] 
Tullyhaw,  The  barony  contains  90^701  acres. 
prises  part  of  the  parishes  of  Dramreilly,  KhM 
Tomregan,  with  the  whole  of  the  parishes  of 
and  Templeport.  The  principal  villages  are  Si 
Ballyconnell,  and  Bawnboy. 

(37).  Clonmahon,  —  This  name  is  general] 
Clanmahon,  The  barony  contains  54,346  t 
comprises  the  whole  of  the  parishes  of  Bal 
Dmmlonan,  and  Ballymachiigh,  with  part  of  tl 
of  Crosserlough,  Denn,  Kilbride,  and  Kilm 
beautiful  Lou^  Sheelin  renders  this  region  n 
attractive  than  it  could  otherwise  appear. 

(38).  Tullaghtoe, — ^This  precinct  is  now  repr 
the  barony  of  TuUaghonoho,  or,  more  genen 
as  TuUyhunco,  It  contains  40^891  woK^  and 
the  whole  of  the  parishes  of  KildaUon,  KiUeshi 
Scrabby.  Its  towns  and  principal  villages  nre  Kil 
Arvagh,  and  Scrabby.  By  fitf  the  greater  put  o 
area  of  the  barony  is  comprised  in  puts  oi  Lo^f 
and  Oughter. 


RESULTS    AND    ARRANGEMENTS. 


205 


nly  in  Ulster,  but  on  their  return  to  Dublin,  and,  subsequently  by  their  representatives 
one  of  the  most  interesting  is  a  statement  from  the  pen  of  Davys,  reporting  progress, 
ling  certain  very  practical  suggestions.  This  statement,  which  was  drawn  up  after  he 
x)ut  a  month  in  England,  is  dated  March  ig,  1609-10,  and  is  as  follows  : — 

ief  of  the  Proceedings  of  the  Commissioners  for  the  Plantation  in  Ulster  since  July 
in  Ireland  as  in  England. 

reland. — About  the  end  of  July  last  they  began  their  journey  into  Ulster,  where 
camp  nine  weeks,  and  during  that  time  performed  two  principal  things,  i.  They  took 
in  every  county  whereby  they  distinguished  the  Crown  lands  from  the  ecclesiastical 
[sting  of  the  bishops*  demesne  and  mensal  lands,  and  of  the  termon  and  erenagh 
therein  supplied  divers  omissions  in  the  former  surveys  touching  the  quality  of  lands 
)  the  King  and  to  the  Church ;  but  touching  the  title,  the  termon  and  erenagh  lands 
for  his  Majesty,  and  that  the  bishops  had  only  rents  and  pensions.  2.  The  counties 
jd  into  baronies  [they  called  them  precincts],  they  made  a  description  of  every  barony 
map  and  card  [chart],  as  well  by  view  as  by  the  information  of  the  inhabitants,  which 
r  and  particularly  done,  that  the  name  and  situation  of  every  ballibo,  tate,  and  poll  is 
esides  every  castle,  fort,  mountain,  lake,  river,  brook,  wood,  bog,  and  all  other  notorious 
md  distinctions,  so  as  the  most  obscure  part  of  the  King's  dominions  is  now  as  well 
more  particularly  described  than  any  part  of  England  (39).  These  two  services  they 
n  their  journey,  besides  the  sessions  of  justice  [assizes],  which  were  held  in  every 
rein  pretended  titles  were  examined,  possessions  quieted,  and  many  causes  heard  apd 
withal  1,000  loose  and  idle  swordmen  were  sent  away  into  Swethen,  which  tended  very 
preparation  of  the  plantation  (40). 

their  return  [to  Dublin],  they  finished  their  former  work  in  three  principal  points,  i. 
was  made  out  of  many  records  as  well  of  the  King's  titles  as  of  his  subjects'  titles  to 
i  within  the  escheated  counties,  which  are  reduced  into  a  book  of  cases,  signed  by  tlie 
J  and  the  Attorney-General,  wherein  appear  what  lands  the  King  may  dispose  to 
by  a  good  and  just  title  (41).  2.  The  Inquisitions  were  drawn  into  form  of  law, 
T  the  bishops,  engrossed  and  returned,  and  lastly  exemplified  under  the  great  seal  of 
).  3.  The  maps  were  finished,  and  therein  as  well  the  proportions  for  undertakers  of 
the  Church  lands,  and  lands  already  granted  and  assigned  to  forts,  corporate  towns, 


igiand, — This  was  saying  a  good  deal  for 
id  certainly  more  than  either  Parsons  or 
have  ventured  to  assert.  The  bogs,  and 
Dim  tains,  are  indeed  largely  and  distinctly 
It  there  was  too  little  time  to  go  accurately 
i  here  mentioned. 

antation. — The  real  number  of  swordsmen 
ter  here  comes  out.  Of  about  25,000  in 
Dnly  1,000  were  actually  shipped  ;  but  the 
irried  them  were  driven  back  by  storms 
harbours,  and  many  even  of  the  one 
e   their   escape.      There  were,    however; 


really  very  few  **  loose  and  idle  swordsmen"  sent,  for 
persons  of  this  description  lived  in  the  woods,  and  only 
those  were  caught  who  were  bound  to  appear  at  the 
assizes,  those  who  were  reprieved  at  gaol  deliveries  on 
condition  of  their  enlisting,  and  a  very  few  who  went 
voluntarily. 

(41).  Just  title,— ^Y\i\%  Abstract  has  been  calendared  by 
Russell  and  Prendergast. 

(42).  Of  England, — These  Inquisitions,  seven  in  num- 
ber, from  which  we  have  largely  quoted  (see  chap,  v.), 
are  published  as  an  Appendix  to  the  printed  Inquisitions 
of  Ulster, 


206  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

free  schools,  &c.,  are  distinguished  by  sundry  marks  and  colours.  All  which,  viz.,  i.  The  bo^^ 
of  cases ;  2.  The  Inquisitions  exemplified ;  3.  The  maps,  together  with  sundry  advices  from  t"^ 
Lord  Deputy  touching  the  plantation,  are  transmitted  by  the  hands  of  the  commissioners  now  si^^ 
out  of  Ireland — [to  wit,  Davys  himself  and  Sir  Thomas  Ridgeway]. 

"  Since  the  coming  over  of  the  commissioners  [to  London],  business  has  .proceeded  in  this 
order, — the  commissioners  *  for  Irish  causes  (43)  residing  here,  with  those  sent  over,  were  callecf 
before  the  Lords  [the  council  in  London]  to  consider  of  the  Church  lands,  which  are  of  nro 
kinds,  demesne  and  mensal  lands,  and  termon  and  erenagh  lands. 

''  I.  For  the  demesne  and  mensal  lands  there  arose  no  doubt,  the  bishops  are  possessed  of 
them  i^dthout  controversy. 

**  2.  For  the  termon  and  erenagh  lands  it  was  resolved  (albeit  they  were  not  found  to  betbe 
bishops'  lands,  but  the  King's),  that  the  bishops  should  have  those  lands  entirely,  as  of  his  Mlajesty's 
free  donation,  whom  they  are  to  acknowledge  not  only  as  a  patron,  but  a  founder  in  regjajd  to  the 
endowment  But  because  it  was  conceived  by  the  Lords  that  a  great  inconvenience  would 
arise  to  the  plantation  if  so  great  a  scope  of  land  [60,000  acres]  should  be  possessed  only  by  tbe 
Irish  without  any  other  civil  plantation,  the  Bishop  of  Deny  was  moved  to  confer  with  the 
commissioners,  and  to  propound  how  much  of  those  lands  he  would  plant  with  Britons,  and  opoo 
what  conditions. 

"  Upon  conference,  the  bishops  consented  to  plant  one-third  of  the  erenagh  lands  with  Biiloitti 
according  to  the  project ;  and  if  the  septs  of  the  erenaghs  were  not  sufficient  to  manure  the  cfbcf 
parts,  they  would  also  plant  the  surplusage  with  Britons,  so  as  his  Majesty  would  give  liberty  to  die 
bishops  to  grant  leases  of  those  lands  for  60  years,  but  afterwards  they  are  to  be  restrained  fiM 
granting  any  larger  estates  than  leases  for  three  lives,  or  2 1  years. 

''  Touching  the  temporal  lands  which  are  to  be  distributed  to  Britons,  servitors,  and  iiativci» 
they  [the  commissioners]  have  proceeded  thus  far : — i.  They  have  divided  those  lands  into  rf 
great  precincts,  which  have  several  names  and  quantities.  Of  these  28,  it  is  thought  convenieotto 
allot  to  the  Britons  16,  viz.,  eight  to  the  English  and  eight  to  the  Scottish  undertakers.  2.  TW 
the  other  12  be  allotted  to  the  servitors  and  natives  who  are  to  be  planted  together  in  every  piedBCt 
— Firsfy  because  the  servitor  knows  the  disposition  of  the  native  and  can  carry  a  better  hand  99i 
eye  over  him  than  the  Briton.  Secondly,  the  servitor  has  been  so  used  to  command  in  Ulster,  M 
if  he  be  placed  with  the  new  undertaker,  he  will  seek  to  predominate  over  him,  whereupon  diasc** 
tions  will  arise  and  hinder  plantation.  Thirdly,  the  plantation  of  the  Britons  is  to  be  without  UsK 
but  the  servitors  will  plant  with  Irish  [see  chap.  ii.]. 

"  Thus  far  have  the  commissioners  proceeded,  so  that  now  there  only  remain  two  things  tobt 
done  for  the  conclusion  of  the  business  here  in  England,     i .  A  particular  distinction  is  to  be  mak 
what  great  precincts  by  name  are  to  be  allotted  to  the  English  and  Scottish  sevendly ;  to  At 
servitors  and  to  the  natives  jointly.     When  this  is  done,  2.  The  King  may  be  pleased  to 

(43).  Irish  causes, — These   commissioners   for   Irish      Sir  James  Fullerton,  and  Sir  Junes  Ley. 
causes  were  Sir  Roger  Wilbraham,  Sir  Anthony  St  Leger, 


RESULTS   AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


207 


icipal  undertakers  of  the  English  precincts,  and  eight  more  of  the  Scottish,  who  are  to 
2r  undertakers  to  plant  with  them,  which  inferior  undertakers  are,  notwithstanding,  to  hold 
rom  his  Majesty,  of  whose  estates  and  sufficiency  the  commissioners  may  consider.  And 
the  servitors,  because  all  that  are  named  in  the  list  neither  can  nor  will  undertake,  the 
yr  be  pleased,  on  perusal  of  the  list,  to  make  choice  of  such  as  are  of  the  best  merit  and 
4),  and  for  the  natives  to  refer  their  choice  to  the  Lord  Deputy  and  the  commissioners 
J  much  as  is  needful  to  be  done  here  in  England." 

ys  must  have  felt  rather  *  small'  during  the  conference  with  the  bishops  to  which  he  has 
n  the  foregoing  letter,  seeing  that  he  had  so  stoutly  opposed  their  claims  to  the  termon 
agh  lands.  The  conference  took  place  on  the  i6th  March,  and  under  the  imposing 
inces  which  he  has  above  so  clearly  described.  The  paper  recording  the  leading  questions 
[  at  this  meeting  is  headed  "  The  Propositions  of  the  Commissioners  unto  the  Bishops 
\e  seven  [including  the  county  of  the  city  of  Det^y^  escheated  counties  in  Ulster ^  concerning 
ation  of  the  Termone  and  Herenagh  lands  there  granted  to  the  Bishops  by  the  Kin^s 
'0  be  planted  by  them  ;  with  the  answers  of  the  Bishop  of  Derry  in  behalf  of  the  Lord 


\d  ability. — From  such  a  crowd  of  this  servitor 
>iild  have  been  difficult  for  the  King  to  make 
on  required.  **  i.  There  were  those  high 
State  who  were  willing  or  might  be  induced  to 
;  among  whom  may  be  mentioned  the  Lord 
reasurer  Ridgeway,  Marshal  Wingfield  ;  St. 
faster  of  the  Ordnance,  who  aimed  at  obtain- 

Orier,  *  about  Tanraggee;'  Sir  Oliver  Lam- 
tny  in  Fermanagh ;  and  Sir  Gerrott  Moore,  part 
ir  in  Armagh  or  Fermanagh.  2.  Such  otners 
idl  in  Ireland  who  may  be  invited  (if  there  be 
efect  in  the  number  or  quality  of  the  English 
j),  viz.,  the  Lord  Chancellor  [Th.  Jones],  Earl 
irde,  Earl  of  Thomond,  Lord  President  of 
ir  Henry  Harrington,  Sir  Edward  Brabazon, 

Docwra,  Sir  Henry  Power,  Sir  Richard 
5ir  Francis  Stafford,  Sir  John  Jephson,  Sir 
erton,  Sir  Adam  Loftus,  Sir  John  King,  he- 
dges and  Mr.  Attorney  [Davys].  3.  Captains 
es,  who  have  also  certain  houses,  or  places  of 
orts]  in  Ulster,  which  they  affect  to  continue, 
)m  the  lands  adjoining  such  houses  are  most 
mdertaken,  viz.,  Sir  Foulke  Conwaye,  the 
ed  Braselowe  [Clanbrazill] ;  Sir  Henry  Folliot, 
ya. ;  Sir  Edward  Blayney  ;  Sir  Toby  Caulfield. 
er]  wish  him  Clancann,  but  he  rather  affects 
'Nealan  ;  Sir  Richard  Hansard,  somewhere 
ffer  in  Donegal ;  Sir  Francis  Roe,  lands  near 

MounterdeTvin,  &c.  ;  Sir  Fr.  Ruish,  about 
I  Cavan  ;  Sir  Thomas  Phillips,  in  the  county 
ne ;  Captain  John  Vaughan,  Dunnalonge. 
»  of  companies  who  have  no  settled  house  or 
-rison,  and  yet  are  willing  to  undertake  in  or 
tiace  where  they  are  garrisoned,  viz..  Lord 
)rd  Cromwell,  Sir  James  Perrott,  in  Orior; 
s  Roper,  Captain  Newce,  Captain  William 
out  Strabane;  Captain  Patrick  Crawford,  in 
3f  Donegal,  near  Liffer ;  Mr.  John  Hamilton 


desires  to  join  with  Mr.  Crauford  for  the  lands  he  takes. 
5.  Constables  of  castles  and  captains  of  boats  in  the 
North,  by  whom  some  lands  next  adjoining  is  most  fit, 
for  the  public  service  and  their  own  better  settlement 
also,  to  be  undertaken,  viz..  Sir  Francis  Berkely,  Sir 
Thomas  Chichester,  in  Donegal,  as  near  Enishowen  as 
he  may ;  Captain  Atherton,  about  Mountnorris,  in 
Armagh  ;  Captain  Fortescue,  Captains  Trevillian,  Hope, 
Clotworthie,  and  Basill  Brooke,  the  castle  and  abbey  of 
Donegal ;  Captain  Culme,  in  the  county  of  Cavan ; 
Captain  Donnmgton,  Dungivin,  in  the  county  of  Colc- 
rayne  ;  Captain  Cole,  in  Fermanagh ;  Captain  Illing, 
about  Castle  Doe ;  Captain  I<eigh,  about  the  Omey ; 
Captain  Anthony  Smith,  in  Upper  Orier ;  Archye  Moore 
and  Captain  Henry  Skipworth,  Culmaktrenan,  and 
18  quarters  of  land  in  Don^al.  6.  Other  knights, 
servitors,  and  pensioners,  in  pay,  who  may  and  will 
undertake  of  themselves,  with  some  helps  and  encourage- 
ments, and  some  of  them  without  helps.  [Here  follows 
a  list  of  76,  very  few  of  whom  obtained  lands  in  the  dis- 
tribution.] 7.  Servitors  not  in  pay  willing  to  undertake, 
viz..  Sir  Th.  Williams,  part  Of  Orier  or  Onealan ;  Sir 
Edwd.  Fetyplace,  Sir  Thomas  Coach,  Sir  Ralph  Bingley, 
the  barony  of  Kilmacrenan ;  Sir  Roger  Jones,  Sir  Nicholas 
Wyte,  Sir  Tho.  Ashe,  Sir  Wm.  Taaffe,  in  Armagh; 
Capt.  Sackford,  Captain  P)mner,  Captain  Jo.  Ridgeway, 
Mr.  John  Chichester,  Captain  Ellis,  Captain  Henry 
Vaughan  and  Captain  Gore,  in  Boylagh  and  Banagh, 
county  of  Donegal ;  Captain  Hart,  Mr.  Langford,  Mr, 
John  Dobb.  8.  Servitors  and  pensioners  in  pay,  who 
will  be  content  to  undertake  with  some  principal  under- 
takers, their  friends,  but  not  build  castles,  bawns,  &c., 
themselves.  [On  this  last-named  list  of  wise  men  there 
are  the  names  of  24  recorded,  only  a  few  of  whom  after- 
wards^  appear  as  undertakers].  The  Lord  Cursie  [Courcy] 
and  LorH  Delvin  have  been  requested  to  be  set  down  for 
undertakers." 


208  THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

Primate  of  Armagh^  and  the  rest  of  the  Bishops  within   the  counties  aforesaid  unto  the  wi 
Propositions ;    and  the  reply  and  approbation   of  the   Commissioners  unto   the  answers  of  tk 
Bishops,^^    Bishop  Montgomery  appropriately  came  to  the  front  in  this  business,  being  much  more 
deeply  interested  than  even  the  Primate ;  for,  by  this  munificence  of  the  King,  at  other  peof^'s 
expense,  that  prelate,  in  virtue  of  his  three  bishoprics  of  Deny,  Clogher,  and  Raphoe,  now  foood 
himself  the  possessor,  in  addition  to  his  other  church  lands,  of  about  33,000  acres  of  tennon  and 
herenagh  lands,  including  5,000  acres  in  Monaghan.     This  class  of  lands  throughout  Ulster  was  of 
such  enormous  extent  that  the  deputy  and  commissioners  felt  nervous  lest  they  should  be  permitted 
to  remain  in  the  hands  of  natives,  and,  therefore,  the  very  first  question  propounded  to  the 
bishops  was — How  and  by  whom  they  intended  to  people  and  plant  those  lands  ?    The  bishops  had 
discovered  that  th^ir  answers  to  this  and  other  significant  questions  must  square  pretty  closely  with 
the  well-known  wishes  of  the  council  in  London,  and,  accordingly,  they  replied  that  "by  the 
project  of  plantation  it  was  thought  fit  to  plant  some  of  ^he  natives  upon  the  bishops'  lands  and  tbe 
glebes  of  the  parsons  [see  chap,  iii.],  which  course  of  plantation  we  [the  bishops]  undertook  to  perfooi^  9 
and,  in  our  opinion,  will  be  no  hindrance  unto  the  plantation,  and  will  be  a  great  means  of  bii%ifHg 
the  natives  to  civility,  loyalty,  and  religion,  whereof  we  are  ready  to  give  very  pr^nant  reasons,   ^ 
they  be  required  ;  yet,  if  it  be  thought  fitter  to  plant  the  said  lands  with  Britons,  the  bishops  will 
ready  to  follow  that  course,  so  the  natives  may  be  removed  without  the  bishops'  trouble,  when 
Britons  shall  be  brought  to  inhabit  the  church  lands."    This  answer  was  the  most  politic  that 
be  made,  for  whilst  it  disarmed  the  jealousy  of  the  council,  it  quietly  at  the  same  time  threw 
the  latter  the  difficulty  and  odium  connected  with  the  removal  of  the  natives  to  make  way  fer 
strangers.     Indeed,  the  reply  of  the  bishops  on  this  occasion  was  the  "  soft  word  that  tumeth 
wrath" — with  a  vengeance.    "  It  was  never  intended  by  the  project,"  responded  the  commissioikec^ 
"  that  the  bishops  might  plant  Irish  upon  the  Termon  or  Erenagh  lands,  but  liberty  was  left 
them  to  plant  Irish  or  others  upon  their  mensal  lands."    The  commissioners  might  truly  saj 
for  they  never  at  first  intended  or  supposed  that  the  bishops  would  get  the  termon  lands  at 
"  But  we  are  of  opinion,"  they  add,  now  when  the  bishops  were  really  to  be  owners,  **that 
shall  plant  Britons  upon  one-third  part  of  the  Erenaghe  lands,  and  if  the  Septs  of  the 
inhabiting  these  lands  be  not  of  sufficient  number  to  manure  the  same,  a  greater  quantity  to    fc 
planted  with  Britons." 

2.  The  next  question  was  also  significant,  and  as  satisfactorily  answered  by  the  bishops. — \fbMi 
number  of  castles,  bawns,  and  other  necessary  buildings,  did  the  bishops  intend  to  erect  upon  tbcff 
lands  ?  "  We  will  endeavour,"  reply  the  latter,  "to  plant  so  many  houses,  castles,  and  bawns,  asii 
the  article  of  plantation  is  prescribed  ;  every  inhabitant,  according  to  the  quantity  of  ground  shil 
be  granted  unto  him,  if  the  bishops  may  be  allowed  to  grant  estates  accordingly."  To  this  the 
commissioners  respond — "We  think  the  answer  reasonable,  so  as  the  buildings  be  upon  the  land  to 
be  planted  by  the  Britons." 

3.  The  third  question  or  demand  of  the  commissioners  was  important,  as  showing  au:i  annetf 
on  the  part  of  the  government  to  protect  the  interests  of  tenants  on  the  bishops'  lamds.     **  WlM 


RESULTS  AND  ARRANGEMENTS.  209 

ites  [tenures]  will  they  [the  bishops]  grant  to  their  undertakers,  and  what  power  will  they  require 
be  enabled  by  the  King  for  the  granting  of  estates  to  others  ?"  "  We  are  contented,"  say  the 
ilates  in  reply,  "to  grant  estates  of  60  years  to  the  first  undertakers,  being  Britons  by  birth  or 
scent,  for  their  better  encouragement  if  they  will  accept  of  no  shorter  estates ;  and  we  pray  that, 
letters  patent  for  the  erection  of  the  bishoprics,  we  may  be  warranted  so  to  do,  or  to  grant 
ether  estates  as  may  be  thought  convenient  for  the  plantation,  and  that  all  the  second  leases  and 
ants  may  be  limited  for  21  years  or  three  lives."  The  commissioners  reply — "  We  also  think  this 
iswer  reasonable,  expounding  the  second  leases  to  be  all  the  succeeding  leases  after  the  first 
xpted." 

4.  The  fourth  question  was  perhaps  somewhat  invidiously  conceived — "What  caution  [security] 
ball  be  given  on  the  bishops'  part  for  the  performance  of  the  covenants  ?"  To  this  the  prelates 
leekly  reply — ''We  hope  that  the  King  will  expect  no  other  cautions  [securities]  of  us  for  planting 
e  lands  than  he  doth  for  discharging  our  episcopal  functions  in  other  points  of  greater  moment, 
lich  we  will  perform  with  our  best  endeavours.  Also,  these  lands  not  being  assured  to  our 
sterity,  but  left  unto  our  successors,  we  cannot  bind  our  posterity  for  performance  of  the 
J^enants."  The  commissioners  settle  this  point  by  the  assurance  that  "provision  shall  be  made 
the  letters  patent  of  grant  to  the  bishops  by  way  of  voiuwus  and  mandamus^  or  otherwise." 

5.  To  the  question  of  the  commissioners — "Within  what  time  the  bishops  would  undertake 
^  performance  of  their  covenants  ?"  it  was  answered,  "  We  will  use  all  endeavours,  within  five 
ITS  to  perform  those  covenants."  This  reply  was  not  altogether  satisfactory,  for  the  commissioners 
oined — "We  think  four  years  a  convenient  time."  V. 

6.  To  the  question — "  What  they  [the  bishops]  would  reserve  upon  the  land  in  succession  ?" 
-  ready  reply  was — "The  best  rent  we  can  raise,  nor  not  under  five  marks  English  upon  any  quarter 

land  of  the  greatest  [or  Irish]  measure,  and  so  proportionately."  To  this  the  commissioners' 
swer  was — "  We  deem  it  reasonable  that  four  or  fi\t  marks  English,  or  a  rent  between  the  two 
oas,  or  more  if  it  may  be  raised,  be  reserved,  having  respect  to  the  greatness  or  smallness  of  the 
carters,  which  rent  is  to  continue  to  their  successors. 

7.  To  the  question — "What  answer  the  bishops  were  prepared  to  give  respecting  other  cautions 
guarantees  required  in  the  printed  book  of  plantation  [the  orders  and  conditions]?"  it  was  replied : 

~**We  will  endeavour  to  perform  such  other  points  of  plantation  mentioned  in  the  printed  book 
'  articles  as  are  fit  for  us  and  shall  seem  convenient  to  the  King  upon  his  donation  of  the  lands." 
^is  answer  the  commissioners  considered  "  very  reasonable."  On  which,  the  agreement  or 
rrangement  was  signed,  on  behalf  of  the  bishops,  by  George  Montgomery  and  "  Mr.  Usher,  son 
3  the  Archbishop  of  Ardmagh ;"  and  on  behalf  of  the  Government,  by  Sir  Roger  Wilbraham,  Sir 
iomas  Ridgeway,  Sir  Anthony  St.  Leger,  Sir  James  Ley,  Sir  James  Fullerton,  and  Sir  John 
avys. 

Although  the  bishops  here  speak  of  the  "  King's  donation"  of  the  termon  and  herenagh  lands 
if  yet  to  be  made,  the  gift  had  even  then  been  virtually  bestowed,  for  the  King's  letter  ordering  it 
5  issued  before  the  commissioners  began  their  journey  to  the  North.     Among  the  State  Papers  is 

B    I 


^ 


2IO  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

preserved  the  following  *  Note/  showing  the  extent  of  these  lands  in  Ulster,  together  with  th» 
proportions  in  which  they  were  found  in  each  county : — "  The  Termon  lands  escheated  to  th- 
Crown  in  Ulster,  which  the  bishops  claim  as  their  demesnes  in  possession,  amount  to  39,92  iw 
acres,  viz.,  in  Tyrone,  18,275  acres;  in  Coleraine,  6,090  acres;  in  Tirconnell,  9,168  acres;  i 
Fermanagh,  3,022  acres  ;  and  in  Cavan,  3,366  acres.     Of  these  lands  the  Bishop  of  Deny  claim 
as  belonging  to  his  three  bishoprics  of  Derry,  Clogher,  and  Raphoe,  27,280  acres,  viz.,  in  TiroiL^ 
9,000  acres;  in  Coleraine,  6,090  acres;  in  Tirconnell,  9,168  acres;  in  Fermanagh,  3,022  ai 
besides,  in  Monaghan,  he  claims  at  least  5,000  acres, — making  in  all  32,280  acres."      In  t 
foregoing  note,  there  are  no  termon  or  herenagh  lands  mentioned  in  connection  with  the  county     ^^j 
Armagh,  but  it  is  not,  therefore,  to  be  inferred  that  the  primate  had  no  share  in  this  great 
for  in  his  diocese  there  were  no  fewer  than  27,120  acres.     The  following  statement  on  this 
is  preserved  among  the  Carew  MSS.  : — "  The  Quantity  of  the  Bishops'  demesne  and  mensal 
and  of  the  Errenagh  and  Termon  lands  within  the  Escheated  counties  of  Ulster.     Demesne 
mensal  lands,  viz.,  the  Archbishop  of  Ardmagh,  3,390  acres ;  the  Bishop  of  Derry,  428  ac 
Raphoe,  3,728  acres ;  Clogher,  320  acres ;  Kilmore,  120  acres.     The  Errenagh  and  Termon 
viz.,  in  the  diocese  of  Armagh,  27,120  acres;  Derry,  17,619  acres  ;  Clogher,  6,625  acres; 
6,378  acres;  Kilmore,  3,204  acres;  and  Ardagh,  24  acres.     In  all,  68,956  mensal,  termon, az:» -^ 
herenagh  lands."     See  Calendar  of  Cartiv  MSS,,  sixth  series,  p.  40. 

Whether  the  Primate,  or  the  Bishop  of  Kilmore,  made  any  efforts  in  bringing  *  Britons' 
Ulster,  we  cannot  discover,  but  it  is  only  justice  to  Bishop  Montgomery  to  state  that  his  zeal 
planting  his  termon  and  herenagh  lands  was  in  proportion  to  their  great  extent,  and  that 
continued  as  long  as  he  lived ;  for,  although  he  was  transferred  soon  after  the  conference 
mentioned  to  the  see  of  Meath,  he  was  permitted  to  hold  that  of  Clogher  also,  in  c^mmendtt 
until  the  time  of  his  death  in  1620.     He  grand-nephew,  William  Montgomery,  the  writer  of 
well-known  Montgomery  Manuscripts,  has  rendered  due  homage  to  the  bishop's  zeal  in  this 
of  plantation,  by  which  so  many  of  his  kinsmen  were  brought  from  Scotland  (45).    "Now,''saysh«r"  ^ 
"  as  to  his  Lordship's  usefulness  in  advancing  the  British  plantation  in  those  three  northern 
[Derr>%  Clogher,  and  Raphoe],  the  footsteps  of  his  so  doing  are  yet  [1680]  visible;  so  that  I 
but  tell  the  reader  that  he  [the  bishop]  was  ver)'  watchfull,  and  settled  intelligences  to  be  gii 
from  all  the  seaports  in  Donegal  and  Fermanagh,  himself  most  residing  at  Deny  but  when 
went  to  view  and  lease  the  bishop's  lands,  or  settled  preachers  in  parishes  (of  which  he  was  vi 
careful).     The  ports  resorted  from  Scotland  were  Derr)',  Donegal,  and  Killybegs  (46) ;  to 
places  the  most  that  came  were  from  Glasgow,  Ayr,  Invin,  Greenock,  and  Largs,  and  places  witluB 

(45).  From  Scotland, — In  the  Calendar  of  Patent  Rolls,  (46).  And  Killybegs,— 1\i<t  natural  harboor  at  Killy* 

of  the  reign  of  James  I.,  are  recorded  the  names  of  many  begs  is  the  safest  on  the  whole  coasts  of  Doocgd*  ani 

from  Ayrshire  and  other  adjoining  shires,  who  obuined  several  hundred  vessels  large  and  small  have  been  &«> 

letters  of  denization  as  settlers  in  the  counties  of  Fer-  quently  crowded  into  it  at  the  same  time,  and  in  perfBd 

managh,    Tyrone,   and   Donegal,    and    who  were   thus  safety,  during  the  herring-curing  season.     It  aflbrds  tlbe 

encouraged  to  come  to  Ulster  by  the  inducements  held  very  best  rendezvous  for  me  fishing  YesMli.  althoogb  tbc; 

out  by  Hishop  Montgomery.     See  pp.  306,  307,  339.  coiUd  not  sail  from  it  in  a  strong  west  or  south-west  gale. 


J 


RESULTS    AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


211 


from  Braidstane  (47),  and  he  ordered  so  that  the  masters  of  vessels  should,  before 
their  cargo  (which  was  for  the  most  part  meal  and  oats),  come  to  his  Lordship  with  a 
r  seamen  and  passengers.  The  vessels  stayed  not  for  a  market  (48).  He  w^as  their 
,nd  encourager  to  traffic  in  those  parts,  and  wrote  to  that  effect  (as  also  to  the  said  towns 

was  much  acquainted  and  esteemed)  ;  and  had  proclamations  made  in  them  all  at  how 
le  would  set  his  church  lands,  which  drew  thither  many  families ;  amongst  whom,  one 
itgomery  (49),  his  kinsman,  a  master  of  a  vessel  and  also  owner,  who  brought  his  wife 
;n,  and  effects,  and  were  settled  in  Derrybrosk,  near  Enniskillen,  where  his  son,  Mr. 
;o),  my  long  and  frequent  acquaintance,  aged  about  85  years,  now  lives  in  sound  memory, 
tional  man,  whose  help  I  now  want  to  recount  particulars  of  that  bishop's  proceedings  in 
y,  whilst  his  Lordship  stayed  there,  which  was  at  least  till  near  anno  16 18.  One  other 
ry,  named  Alexander,  a  minister,  his  Lordship  settled  near  Deny.     He  was  prebend  of 


istane, — This  had  been  the  residence  of  the 
tgomerys  to  whom  the  bishop  belonged.  The 
lip  so  called,  in  the  parish  of  Beith,  bailliary 
county  of  Ayr,  was  in  the  possession  of  this 
the  year  1452  to  1650.  Sir  John  Shaw,  of 
id  a  mortgage  against  the  property,  which 
ini  by  the  bishop  s  brother,  Hugh  first  Vis- 
in  the  year  last  mentioned.  The  Shaws 
resided  in  the  old  castle  of  Braidstane, 
e  year  1 700.  *  *  The  barony  had  all  been 
•r  prior  to  that  period,  except  the  Castle- 
ing  of  about  60  acres  ;  so  that  when  the 
icluded  in  the  entail  of  Greenock  in  1700, 
3nly  of  the  suf)eriority  and  feu-duties,  and 
rm  of  sixty  acres.  The  ruins  of  the  castle 
towards  the  end  of  the  last  century,  with 
of  the  garden  and  an  avenue  of  old  trees  ; 
•ccasion  of  building  the  farm-steading,  the 
lowed  to  have  his  own  way,  when  he  took 
lains  of  the  castle,  and  used  the  stones  in 
ding.  The  avenue  of  trees  and  vestiges  of 
Lve  all  disappeared,  so  that  there  is  now  no 
Is  ancient  state  left.  It  is  to  be  regretted 
e  was  taken  down,  as  it  was  a  kind  of  land- 
ust  have  lieen  the  building  in  which  Con 
astlereagh]  was  sheltered  on  his  escape  from 
."  See  Patterson's  Parishes  and  Familus 
vol.  i.,  p.  285. 

T.  market. — There  was  not  there  just  such 
ience  in  supplying  the  wants  of  the  new 
irs  as  in  the  Ards  of  the  county  of  Down, 
v  years  previously  by  the  bishop's  brother, 
mtgomerj'.  "  I  have  heard  honest  old  men 
»e  writer  of  the  Montgomery  Manuscripts^ 
le,  July,  and  August,  1607,  people  came 
er,  four  miles,  and  left  their  horses  at  that 
orses  at  Donaghadee  [after  their  passage], 
eir  wares  and  provisions  to  Newtown  [in  the 
old  them  ;  dined  there,  staid  two  or  three 
^turned  to  their  houses  [four  miles  beyond 
e  same  day  by  bed-time,  their  land  journey 
Such  was  their  encouragement  from  a 
,  and  their  kind  desires  to  see  and  supply 


their  friends  and   kindred."      See  Mjntgatnery  Manu- 
script s^  new  edition,  p.  6a 

(49).  Ofu  Hugh  Montgomery. — This  settler  prospered 
in  worldly  affairs  after  his  coming  to  Fermanagh.  The 
author  of  the  Montgomery  Manuscripts  has  the  following 
notice  of  himself  and  his  family  : — **  He  was  in  esteem 
with  our  two  first  viscounts  [of  Ards]  as  being  come  of 
Braidstane,  and  his  Coat  Armoriall  is  the  same  with  the 
beareing  of  the  old  lairds  of  Braidstane,  with  the  dis- 
tinction of  a  Cadet,  but  the  kindred  I  know  not ;  the 
coat  is  the  same  with  Bishop  George.  ...  Sr. 
James  Montgomery  [nephew  of  the  bishop],  when  he 
courted  his  2nd  lady  [Margaret,  Sir  Wm.  Cole's  daughter]*, 
stayed  several  nights  in  this  Hugh's  house ;  and  the 
morning  he  was  Bridegroom,  went  from  thence,  being 
attended  by  him  and  many  Montgomerys  (his  tenants,  all 
well-mounted),  of  which  surname  I  saw  near  one  hundred 
living  within  the  12  tates  of  Derrybrosk,  when  I  was 
ther.  *  When  William  Montgomery  was  there,  he  stayed 
at  the  house  of  this  Hugh's  grandson,  also  named  Hugh, 
and  residing  at  a  seat  called  Derrygonnelly^  near  Derry- 
brosk, and  having  for  his  wife  the  granddaughter  and 
heiress  of  Sir  John  Dunbarr.  This  lady  had  brought  him 
as  her  dowry  Sir  John  Dunbar's  estate,  of  which  Derry- 
gonnelly  was  the  chief  mansion-house.  (See  Montgomery 
Manuscripts^  p.  389.)  The  original  residence,  Derry- 
broske,  was  situate  in  the  southern  district  of  the  parish 
of  that  name,  and  is  now  superseded  by  a  much  larger 
and  handsomer  house,  the  seat  of  a  family  named  Deer- 
ing.  The  grounds  are  beautiful,  and  distant  about  four, 
miles  south-east  from  Enniskillen.  The  Derrygonnelly 
mansion  stood  at  or  near  the  site  of  the  present  village  of 
that  name,  in  the  parish  of  Inismacsaint,  and  about  seven 
miles  north-west  from  Enniskillen. 

(50).  Mr,  Nicholas, — Of  this  gentleman,  the  author  of 
the  Montgomery  Manuscripts  has  added  the  following  : — i 
*'  This  Mr.  Nicholas  is  aged  84  yeares,  and  was  made 
Master  of  Arts  in  Glasgow,  and  his  father  was  Mr.  Hugh 
Montgomery  (sec  preceding  note)  whom  our  Bishop 
George  settled  there,  and  made  his  receiver  of  his  rents 
in  that  part  of  Clogher  diocese.  This  Hugh  died  before 
that  the  rebellion  broke  out  of  Anno  1641. 


212 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


Doe,  and  he  lived  until  about  1658  (51).  Thus  by  the  Bishop  Geoi^e*s  industry,  in  a  few  yes 
the  plantation  was  forwarded,  and  church  revenues  increased. greatly.  I  was  credibly  told  that  j 
the  encouragement  of  planters  on  church  lands  he  obtained  the  king's  orders  to  the  governors^  a 
an  act  of  council  thereon,  that  all  the  leases  he  made  which  were  for  3 1  years,  should  not  ht  tak 
from  the  planters  [the  planted],  or  their  posterity,  at  the  expiration  of  their  term,  but  renewed 
them  as  they  held  the  same,  they  paying  their  bishop  one  year's  rent  for  a  renewal  of  their  fe 
to  the  other  31  years,  which  was  a  very  encouraging  certainty  for  planters  [settlers];  but  1 
parliament,  since  that  time,  have  taken  other  measures,  more  for  bisjiops'  than  tenants'  profit 
See  Montgomery  Manuscripts^  new  edit,  pp.  99-101. 

IV. 

Chichester,  although  at  first  strenuously  opposed  to  the  surrender  of  the  termon  and  hereiu^ 
lands  to  the  church,  soon  changed  or  suppressed  his  opinions  on  the  subject,  when  he  found  tb. 
the  King,  under  Montgomery's  management,  had  been  brought  to  look  on  this  surrender  as  tl 
right  thing.     The  deputy  was  not  slow  in  recommending  what  he  had  previously  shown  his  deddc 
wish  to  oppose ;  but  with  his  recommendings  he  coupled  an  appeal  on  behalf  of  the  incumbents  < 
working  clergy.  In  his  Certain  Considerations^  prepared  in  January,  1609-10,  and  sent  over  with  Dsir] 
and  Ridgeway,  he  discusses  these  points  in  the  following  terms : — "  For  the  bishops,  he  wishes  tl 
King  would  confirm  to  them  all  the  lands  found  for  them  in  demesne  and  chiefry,  where  the  s^ 
lands  have  come  to  him  by  attainder,  Act  of  Parliament,  or  other  lawful  means ;  for  he  hoMs  til 
Termons,  Corbs,  and  Erenaghs,  that  claim  them  to  be  unfit  and  unworthy  of  them,  otherwise  te 
as  any  other  tenants  allowed  by  the  bishop  at  his  will  and  pleasure  ;  out  of  which  lands  he  won 
have  the  parson  or  vicar  have  his  proportion,  be  it  60  or  100  acres,  to  be  laid  out  by  the  comv 
sioners,  together  with  a  site  for  house  and  garden,  &c,  and  with  convenient  wood  and  tuibr 
This  will  be  but  a  small  deduction  out  of  the  bishops'  great  scopes  ;  for  the  parishes  are  very  I 
and  few,  and  without  this  provision  the  parsons  and  vicars  cannot  for  the  most  part  have  any 
within  two  or  three  miles  of  the  church,  and  in  some  places  farther  off;  which  is  a  great  i 
venience  (see  p.  127).     The  bishops,  no  doubt,  will  not  gainsay  this ;  and  if  the  King  be  ir 
to  grant  them  their  own  asking,  and  they  to  depart  with  all  that  kind  of  land  [termon  and  h< 
land],  then  they  may  have  so  much  land  of  the  King's,  lying  farther  off,  in  lieu  of  the  other  d 
for  the  use  of  the  parsons.     The  Lord  Primate  and  Bishop  of  Deny  have  consented  ther 
he  knows  they  may  well  depart  with  so  much  to  the  ministers  without  any  recompense  ;  co 


(51).  AbotU  1658. — This  Alexander  Montgomery  was 
a  member  of  the  Hessilheid  branch,  and  supposed  to  be 
the  son  of  the  elegant  Scottish  poet,  Alexander  Mont- 
gomery, author  of  the  Cherry  ana  tfu  Slat,  The  reader 
may  see  the  reasons  for  this  supposition  stated  in  a  note  to 
the  new  edition  of  the  Montgomery  Manuscript 5 ^  p.  1 00. 
This  clergyman  was  afterwards  tlirust  out  of  his  pulpit 
and  living  bv  the  covenanters.  William  Montgomery 
states  that  when  he  [Alexander]  **was  debarred  by  the 
Presbiterians  to  use  the  Word,  he  took  the  sword,  and 
▼alientlie  wielded  the  same  against  the  Irish,  and  he  got 


a  comma  id  in  which  he  served  divers  yeares 
ginning  of  the  grand  Reljellion  in  Ireland 
turned  taile  on  the  King's  cause,  nor  was  < 
In  his  epitaph  occur  the  following  lines  :  — 
'*  One  man,  ye  have  seldom  seen  on  stagv 
The  parts  of  Samuel  and  of  Sampson  t 
Fitt  to  convince,  or  hew  an  Agag  dow 
Fierce  in  his  Arms,  and  priestHke  in  fa 
Now  judge  with  what  a  courage  will  } 
When  the  last  trumpet  sounds  the  gre 
Montgomery  Manuscripts^  new  edition,  p. 


RESULTS   AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


213 


is  but  the  relics  of  the  King's  oblation  unto  the  church,  by  which  the  bishops  are  likely  to  be 
aefitted  beyond  one  [any]  of  their  predecessors.  Wishes  the  bishops  may  be  enjoined  to  build 
e  substantial  strong  house  for  their  own  habitation  in  each  diocese ;  and  that  they  may  be 
ewise  enjoined  to  bring  as  many  civil  men  out  of  Great  Britain,  or  this  kingdom,  as  possible  to 
labit  their  lands ;  and  to  cause  their  tenants  to  dwell  together  in  villages  to  be  conveniently  seated 
•  the  defence  of  the  country  and  defence  of  passengers,  and  generally  to  abandon  creaghting 
d  removing  from  place  to  place.  Suggests  for  consideration  whether  the  bishops  shall  not  have 
e  donation  of  benefices  throughout  their  dioceses,  excepting  a  convenient  number  for  the  college 
xe,  and  some  principal  benefices  in  each  diocese  for  the  Lord  Deputy  to  prefer  hiS  chaplains 
ito,  or  other  learned  men  at  his  discretion.  That  the  bishops  be  enjoined  to  set  their  lands  for 
ree  lives  or  21  years,  and  not  under,  with  reservation  of  good  rents  (52)." 

In  Davys's  *  Brief  of  the  Commissioners'  Proceedings,'  he  glances  at  another  specially 
aportant  work  that  had  been  done  during  their  northerri  journey,  viz.,  the  division  of  the  whole 
Jids  for  plantation  into  28  great  precincts,  each  precinct  having  its  special  name,  with  the  quantity 
f  available  land  therein.  These  28  precincts,  it  is  to  be  remembered,  were  comprised  in  the  five 
ounties  of  Armagh,  Tyrone,  Donegal,  Fermanagh,  and  Cavan,  for  it  had  been  then  decided  that 
he  remaining  county  of  Coleraine  was  to  be  planted  by  the  corporation  of  London.  A  more 
lelicate,  if  not  so  laborious  a  task  was  the  allotment  of  a  certain  number  of  these  precincts  to  the 
English  undertakers,  of  an  equal  number  to  the  Scotch,  and  the  remaining  ones  to  the  servitors  and 
ladves.  Of  the  28  great  precincts,  eight  were  given  to  the  English,  eight  to  the  Scottish  under- 
2ikers,  and  the  remaining  twelve  to  the  servitors  and  natives,  who  were  placed  together  in 
^e  same  precincts  or  baronies  for  the  reasons  already  mentioned  by  Davys.  These  round 
^umbers  of  the  precincts  for  each  class  of  undertakers  were  thus  stated,  although  they  were  some- 
what modified  by  the  quantities  of  land  in  the  several  proportions  of  each  precinct.  Thus,  in  the 
following  view  of  the  "  Distributions  of  Precincts  to  the  various  Undertakers,"  the  English  are 
f^presented  as  having  more  land  than  the  Scotch,  although  the  former  get  one  precinct  less  and 
one  proportion  less  than  the  latter : — 


(52).  Good  rents. — The  plea  put  forward  by  Chichester 
w  the  above  extract  on  behalf  of  the  incumbents,  and 
supported  by  the  primate  and  the  Bishop  of  Deny,  was 
idmitted  by  the  Government,  as  we  find  by  the  tollow- 
^  "Note  of  the   Number  of  Acres  allotted  to  the 
iisfiops  and  Incimibents,"  which  Note,  however,  in  some 
oints,  is  not  altogether  correct : — 

**  In  Tirone.  Acres, 

ie  bishops  have  ...  ...  ...  ...     18,275 

le  incumbents  have,  after  the  number  of  60 

icre for  each  1,000  acres...  ...  ...       5»88o 

In  Coleraine. 


bishops 
incumbents 

bishops 
incumbents 


In  Tirconnell. 


6,390 
2,040 

12,752 
6,600 


The  bishops 
The  incumbents 

The  bishops 
The  incumbents 

The  bishops 
The  incumbents 


In  Fermanagh. 

•  «  • 

•  •  • 

In  Cavan. 

•  •  • 

•  •  • 

In  Armagh. 


In  all — Bishops,  5 

Incumbents,  310 


3,022 
1,920 

3.366 
2,340 

2,480 
4,650 

45.905 
23.940 


In  the  former  project  there  were  227  proportions,  whereof 
there  are  deducted  15  proportions,  viz.,  of  the  greatest, 
2  ;  of  the  middle,  2  ;  of  the  least,  ii — ^for  glebe  land," 


214 


THE  PLANTATION  IN  ULSTER. 


Engush. 


Counties. 
Ardmagh 

Tyrone 

Tyrone 

Donegal 

Fermanagh 

Fermanagh 
Cavan 


Ardmagh 


Tyrone 


Tyrone 


Donegal 


Donegal 


Fermanagh 


Fermanagh 


Precincts. 


Oneylan 


...     Mountjoy 


Strabane 


...     Liffer 


. . .     Glancally 


. . .     Coolemakeman    . . . 


. . .     Loughtee 


Scottish. 


Fewes 


...     Clogher 


. . .     Omey 


. . .     Portlough 


I5oylagh 


. . .     Knockninny 


...     Magheriboy 


'3 


II 


Proportions. 

f  Great  2 

\  Middle  3 

( Small  8 

( Great  2 

'.  Middle  i 

( Small'  4 

(  Great 
<  Middle 
(Small 

( Great  2 

{  Middle  4  >   1 1 

I  SmaU  5  ' 

( Great  o 

^  Middle  2 
(  Small 

(Great  o ) 

^  Middle  2  [-     8 


[small       6 

/Middle    3 
I  Small       8 


i^}^'    1}    II 


Total 


65 


(Great 
i  Middle 
[Small 

(Great 
i  Middle 
[Small 

(Great 
{  Middle 
[Small 

(Great 
i  Middle 
[Small 

(  Great 
<  Middle 
(  Small 

(  Great 
{  Middle 
(  Small 

(Great 
i  Middle 
[Small 


;l 


10 


i} 
I 


12 


8 


2 
2 
2 


2l6 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


"  It  is  lo  be  observed  that,  whereas,  the  inequality  of  the  precincts  will  not  admit  an  equality 
division  among  the  Britons,  and  that  the  precincts  cannot  be  broken  ;  what  is  wanting  in  oi 
county  shall  be  added  to  another. 


Counties. 

Donegal 

Cavan 

Fermanagh 

Tyrone 

Ardmagh 


Corporate  Towns  and  Free  Schools. 


Total 


Acres. 
1,121 

1,536 
2,160 

2,735 
730 

8,282  - 


Counties. 

Ardmagh 

Donegal 


Colleges. 

Precincts. 
.     Ardmagh  ... 
Tirhugh    . . . 


Total 


Acres. 
6,000 
4,000 

10,000 


"Total  Precincts,  28  (55).  Proportions,  221.  Acres,  284,282.  The  Britaines'  portion  is 
and  a-half  to  the  proportion  jointly  allotted  to  the  servitors  and  natives,  and  7,500  acres  mocs 
which  is  allowed  to  avoid  breaking  the  precincts  ;  and  the  portion  of  the  natives  being  scvoc 
from  the  servitors'  is  one  and  a-half  to  the  portion  of  the  servitors." 

A  second  copy  of  the  foregoing  paper  on  the  Distribution  of  tJu  Precincts  has  the  foUowiii 
note  appended : — "Places  of  intercourse  and  meeting  of  the  English  and  Scotch  in  the  seven 
counties  aforesaid.  County  Ardmagh — At  the  markets  of  i,  Ardmagh ;  2,  Mountnorris;  3,  Chail 
mount ;  at  the  quarter  sessions  and  assizes  held  at  Ardmagh.  County  Tyrone — At  the  markets  • 
I,  Dungannon ;  2,  Mountjoy ;  3,  Clogher ;  4,  Omey ;  at  the  quarter  sessions  held  at  Dunganno 
where  they  shall  be  joined  in  juries  and  other  public  services,  and  the  like  in  all  other  counties." 

The  following  "Summary  of  the  Contents  of  the  Six  Counties,"  was  forthcoming  about  the  sai 
time  as  the  foregoing  papers : — 

"Counties  7  [including  the  county  of  the  city  of  Deny];  baronies,  32;  parishes,  159;  Iri 
countries,        ;  persons  [parsons  ?]  presentative,  139;  vicars  presentative,  138;  curates,  12." 


(53).  Totals  8,282. — These  figures  are  very  much  under 
the  mark,  as  we  shall  see  in  subsequent  chapters.  The 
lands  erantcd  for  five  free  Schools  alone  amounted  to 
something  over  20,ocx)  acres. 

(54).  Totals  lOfOCX).— We  shall  see  that  the  lands 
granted  to  the  college  of  Dublin  in  the  three  counties  of 


Amuigh,  Donegal,  and  Fermanagh  was  at  least  Un  ik 
the  quxmtity  here  stated. 

(55).  Precincts^  28. — From  the  foregoing  paper  on 
Distribution  of  Precincts,  it  appears  that  alltae  vm 
takers  of  every  class  only  got  20  precincts  amoiigst  tlH 
The  remaining  two  were  probably  intended  tat  oofpoi 
towns,  free  schools,  and  the  college. 


RESULTS   AND   ARRANGEMENTS.  21  7 

Acres. 

Errenagh  land. — ^Ardmagh  [diocese  of]  27,120  [acres];  Deny,  Bcaphoe,  and 

Clogher,  30,142 ;  Kilmore,  3,228.     In  all      ...  ...       60,490 

Demesnes. — Kilmore,  120  [acres];  Raphoe  and  Derry,  4,148;  Clogher,  320; 

Ardmagh,  3,390.     In  all  ...  ...  ...         7,978 

Ecclesiastical  land — Bishop's  demesnes,        7,978         ) 

Errenagh  and  Termon  lands,  60,490         )  '"  '"       ^^»468 


Abbey  land        ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...       20,786 

Temporal  land  granted  [to  towns,  schools,  forts,  &c ] . . .  ...  ...       38, 2 1 4 

(Great     31  ] 
Proportions  with  glebe  land  lying  together,  viz.,  <  Middle  45  V215  284,829 

(Small    139  ) 

These  figures  are  all  set  down  exactly  as  they  appear  in  the  Calendars. 

V. 

So  soon  as  that  notable  conference,  in  Feb.,  1609-10,  (conducted  principally  by  Davys  and 

Lgeway  with  the  commissioners  for  Irish  causes  and  in  the  presence  of  the  lords  of  the  English 

<^oxincil)  had  been  brought  to  an  end,  other  arrangements  required  immediate  attention.     Among 

^^  more  pressing  of  these  arrangements  were  the  drawing  up  of  new  and  more  liberal  conditions 

*or  the  undertakers,  the  preparing  of  forms  for  assigning  the  precincts  to  the  several  classes  for 

"^hom  they  were  intended,  the  agreeing  on  the  terms  to  be  inserted  in  the  bonds,  with  the  order  of 

PJ'Oceeding  in  passing  the  letters  patent     Whilst  the  conditions  were  made  more  agreeable,  because 

^ore  advantageous  to  the  undertakers,  they  were  to  be  enforced  by  additional  restrictions.     Besides 

^e  seemingly  stringent  enough  terms  of  their  patents,  the  undertakers  were  now  required  to  enter 

■  uito  bonds  for  the  honest  performance  of  the  conditions — these  bonds  being  drawn,  for  ;;^4oo,  ;;^30o, 
I         0^  gf  200,  proportioned  to  the  three  sizes  of  the  estates  to  be  held  by  the  respective  grantees.    In  these 

■  bonds  the  undertakers  were  held  to  the  erection  of  their  houses  and  bawns  within  the  space  of 
H  three  years  instead  of  two,  as  originally  required.  They  were  allowed  the  same  time,  also,  to 
v      settle  the  specified  number  of  families  on  their  several  proportions  ;  and  they  were  made  free  from 

w       ^e  payment  of  any  rents  until  the  year  16 14, — reckoning  in  each  case  from  Easter,  1610.     The 

/       following  copy  of  the  terms  in  one  of  the  bonds  will  enable  the  reader  to  see  the  nature  of  these 

f       documents  at  a  glance: — "At  Edinburgh,  31  July,  16 10.     Act  of  Cautionry  by  Wm.  Stewart  of 

Dunduff,  for  Patrick  Vans  of  Laybreck — that  the  latter  shall,  within  three  years  after  Easter  last, 

build  a  dwelling  house  of  stone  or  brick,  with  a  strong  court  or  bawne  about  the  same,  upon  the 

proportion  of  1,000  acres  of  land  allotted  to  him,  called  the^Boylachoutra,  within  the  barony  of 

Boylagh  in  the  county  of  Donegal,  and  that  he  shall  plant  upon  the  said  proportion  of  land  24 

able  men  of  the  age  of  18  or  upwards,  being  bom  in  England,  or  the  inward  parts  of  Scotland — 

which  shall  be  reduced  to  10  families  at  least,  to  be  settled  in  this  manner,  viz.,  the  said  Patrick 

and  his  family  to  be  settled  on  a  demesne  of  300  acres ;  two  fee-farms  to  be  made  by  him  upon  60 
c  I 


2l8 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


acres  each  ;  three  leaseholders  for  life,  or  for  2 1  years,  to  be  settled  on  50  acres  each,  and  the  re 
of  the  land  to  be  settled  by  four  families  or  more,  of  husbandmen,  artificers,  and  cottagers.  Tl 
said  Patrick  shall  reside  on  the  said  land  during  five  years  after  Michaelmas  next,  or  by  Patrit 
Murray,  eldest  son  to  John  Murray  of  Broughton,  as  agent,  in  person,  unless  from  sickness,  or  up< 
a  licence  from  the  Lords  of  Council  of  England,  or  by  the  Lord  Deputy,  to  be  absent  for  a  timi 
and  that  he  shall  not  alienate  the  said  land,  under  the  pain  of  200/.  sterling."  Warrants 
Scottish  Privy  Coutuil, 

Among  the  native  undertakers  with  whom  special  arrangements  required  to  be  made  n 
Art  McBaron  O'Neill,  who  was  to  be  removed  from  his  own  estate  in  the  barony  of  Oneilan 
a  proportion  of  2,000  acres  in  the  barony  of  Orier.  In  cases  of  this  nature,  Chichester  politi 
shifted  the  responsibility  from  himself  to  the  commissioners  for  Irish  causes,  who  were  resi^. 
generally  in  London.  The  deputy  wisely  admitted  that  such  principal  natives  as  had  escaped  t 
gallows,  or  transportation  to  Virginia  in  America,  would  require  some  means  of  support,  \ 
he  declined  becoming  responsible  for  their  location,  or  for  their  future  loyalty  to  the  throe 
Though  virtually  the  instigator  or  inspirer  of  the  commissioners,  he  meekly  took  his  instnictio 
from  them,  and  appeared,  whilst  moving  the  helpless  natives  from  their  hereditary  lands,  to  1 
acting  under  an  authority  which  even  he  was  unable  to  resist.  This  Art  McBarron's  case  • 
mention  as  an  illustration  of  several  others  (see  p.  131)  then  requiring  to  be  dealt  with.  He  hfli 
early  in  the  war  deserted  the  cause  of  his  half-brother,  the  Earl  of  Tyrone,  and  taken  the  side  - 
the  English,  and  the  pittance  which  he  received  in  Orier  for  abandoning  his  large  estate  in  Oneilatf 
he  got  only  for  life,  the  reversion  remaining  in  the  Crown.  He  was  then  [1609]  a  very  old  mafl 
and  he  appears  to  have  requested  that  the  2,000  acres  in  Orier  might  be  passed  to  him  and  lu 
wife,  so  that,  should  he  die  first,  she  would  not  be  left  in  want  during  the  remainder  of  her  lifi 
Sir  Oliver  Lambert,  who  visited  London  towards  the  close  of  the  year  1609,  ^^  instructed  b 
Chichester  to  recommend  to  the  council  a  ready  compliance  with  this  modest  request  on  the  part  c 
the  old  Ulster  chief,  which  compliance  might  induce  him  to  remove  from  his  home  in  Oneila 
quietly  and  in  good  will,  his  example  thus  acting,  it  was  to  be  hoped,  as  "a  great  furtherance  towaic 
the  removal  of  the  rest  of  the  natives."  The  council  in  London  at  once  adopted  this  suggestioF< 
directing  Chichester  to  grant  the  lands  to  Art  McBaron  on  the  terms  he  had  requested,  ac 
forwarding  an  order  to  this  effect  signed  by  three  of  the  commissioners  for  Irish  causes.  Thissms 
concession  had  the  desired  effect,  for  the  deputy  writing  to  Salisbury  in  the  December  followic 
states  that  "Art  McBaron's  example  in  accepting  his  portion,  and  his  removing  from  the  plaoer 
his  long  continued  habitation  (56)  by  promise  at  May  next,  has  prevailed  with  the  multitoi 


(56).  Continued  koHtation, — This  territory  of  Oneilan 
was  the  special  and  favourite  district  of  the  O'Neill 
family.  In  it  Hugh  Earl  of  Tyrone  frequently  resided, 
but  Its  real  owner  appears  to  have  been  his  half- 
brother  Art,  who  was  oiaer  than  he,  and  who  was  alwajrs 
distinmiished  from  other  kinsmen  of  the  same  Christian 
nameoy  being  styled  Mac  Baron — *  the  son  of  the  baron.' 
On  an  old  map  of  Ubter,  circa  1560,  Oneilan  is  men- 
tioned as  **Arte  McBaron  his  contree,"  and  the  lake- 


dwelling  there,  **  Lough  Galie,"  as  "Arte  McBaraa 
chiefe  house  and  hould."  Lough  Galie  b  now 
gall.  It  is  mentioned  also  in  old  documents  as 
coo,  and  Magheriloughcoo.  The  lough  is  now 
smaller  than  m  the  time  of  Arte  McBaron,  and  tihfli 
settlers  who  took  possession  have  adorned  its  shoces  wA 
fine  mansions  and  tastefully  arranged  woods.  TheR  ii 
now  the  respectable  village  of  Lougngmll  in  its  n 
vicinity. 


RESULTS  AND  ARRANGEMENTS.  219 

according  to  his  [Chichester's]  expectation,  so  that  he  thinks  they  [the  government]  will  sooner 
remove  most  of  the  natives  than  bring  others  with  goods  and  stocks  to  sit  down  in  their  places." 

Chichester  well  knew  that  the  example  of  Art  McBaron's  alacrity  in  removal  could  only  influence 

a  few  of  his  immediate  neighbours  in  Oneilan,  and  that  the  business  in  which  he  [the  deputy]  must 

soon  engage  of  driving  the  natives  generally  from  their  houses  and  lands,  was  one  of  the  gravest 

and  perhaps  the  most  dangerous  he  could  undertake.    In  an  'Advice'  from  Ix)ndon,  in  reference  to 

this  general  clearing  out  of  the  inhabitants,  it  is  stated  that  it  was  "a  matter  of  greatest  moment, 

and  would  require  the  greatest  and  most  serious  consideration."     Yes,  truly ;  but  Chichester,  before 

receiving  this  admonition  from  head-quarters,  was  thoroughly  alive  to  the  critical  nature  of  the  work 

Quired,  and  especially  of  the  necessity  of  being  forearmed  by  the  preparation  of  a  sufficient  army, 

^ot  of  occupation  but  eviction.     Thus,  so  early  as  the  month  of  January,  in  the  year  of  this  fearful 

eviction,  1 6 10,  we  find  him  busily  arranging  matters  in  his  own  mind,  although  the  active  or  actual 

^OTk  was  not  to  commence  before  the  autumn.    "It  is  a  matter  worthy  of  consideration,"  says  he,  in  a 

P^per  headed  Remembrarues  concerning  the  Public,  "  when  [at  what  time]  the  commissioners  begin 

^heir  journey  into  Ulster,  and  which  county  they  first  take  in  hand,  that  the  undertakers  in  each 

^^ULty  may  so  sort  their  journeys  as  to  repair  unto  them  [the  commissioners]  in  fit  time,  when  the 

^^siness  of  that  county  is  in  hand,  otherwise  their  journeys  will  be  unpleasant  if  they  find  no  inns 

^^  houses  to  receive  them,  and  more  so  if  they  [Chichester  and  the  other  commissioners]  have  not 

^^^JTiing  and  means  to  provide  for  them,  and  the  army,  for  which  he  must  procure  money  before- 

"^nd.    They  [the  commissioners]  must  begin  either  with  the  Cavan  or  Armagh  ;  if  with  the  Cavan, 

^Ust  from  thence  go  to  Fermanagh,  and  so  to  Donegal,  from  thence  to  Coleraine,  Tyrone,  and 

**stly,  to  Armagh.     If  they  begin  at  Armagh,  they  must  end  with  the  Cavan,  which  must  be  set 

^own  in  certainty  for  the  aforesaid  reasons,  but  the  time  of  their  stay  in  each  county  will  be  as  the 

business  requires,  and  in  that  point  uncertain,  for  three  or  four  days  must  not  be  stood  upon." 

We  shall  find  that  as  the  period  approached  for  the  commencement  of  this  next  northern 

journey,  its  serious  nature  was  becoming  still  more  deeply  impressed  on  the  deputy's  mind,  and 

*^t,  in  the  meantime,  another  source  of  disquietude  and  anxiety  was  added,  by  the  fear  that 

^ven  after  the  great  risk  and  odium  of  clearing  the  lands  had  been  incurred,  the  undertakers  would 

^  incapable  of  appreciating  how  much  was  thus  done  for  them,  or  of  rising,  in  fact,  "to  the  height 

^^  the  great  argument,"  by  promptly  and  numerously  entering  upon  the  lands  thus  made  smooth 

^fore  them.     He  feared  the  discouragement  and  loss  of  time  that  might  be  incurred,  if  the 

commissioners  would  not  only  be  obliged  to  distribute  the  lands  in  small  proportions  to  those 

^ents  or  servants  whom  the  undertakers  would  send  to  represent  them,  but  to  settle  the  disputes 

^t  would  almost  of  necessity  arise  in  the  progress  of  such  a  business.     "  In  managing  this  affair," 

^ys  the  deputy  in  his  Remembrances  already  quoted,  "  he  [Ridgeway]  must  acquaint  the  Lords  [of 

fte  council  in  London]  how  difficult  it  will  be  for  the  commissioners  to  distribute  the  lands  by 

single,  middle,  or  double  proportions,  to  such  as  shall  come  from  Great  Britain  in  the  name  of 

iffldertakers,  and  what  a  long  time  that  course  of  distribution  will  take  up,  to  the  hindrance  of  the 

new  commissioners  and  the  King.     Besides  which,  contentions  will  arise ;  and  perhaps  a  farther 


220  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

mischief,  [as  to]  who  shall  be  placed  first,  and  for  the  place  itself,  which  will  weary  the  cooa 
missioners,  and  displease  the  undertakers.'' 

The  *  new  commissioners'  above  referred  to  were  the  old  or  former  commissioners,  with  onl; 
one  or  two  unimportant  exceptions ;  and  their  new  duties  were  of  a  special  character,  to  wit,  th 
removal  of  the  human  trees  and  plants,  who  were  indigenous  to  the  soil,  to  make  way  fo 
others  of  a  foreign,  and  supposed  to  be  of  a  more  vigorous  growth.  Of  these  new  or  ol< 
commissioners,  Ridgeway  and  Davys  were  now  absent  from  Ireland,  having  remained  in  Londoi 
from  the  time  of  their  arrival  there,  in  February,  assisting  to  make  a  selection  from  the  long  lists  c 
servitors  sent  over  by  Chichester  (see  p.  207),  and  to  decide  as  to  the  most  suitable  districts  fo 
locating  of  the  principal  natives — two  important  questions  which  Chichester  wisely  refused  to  considei 
at  least  ostensibly.  In  the  discharge  of  these  and  other  duties  connected  with  the  grand  movemeo 
in  Ulster,  the  two  distinguished  commissioners  above-named  were  engaged  until  the  2nd  of  June 
when  Davys  left  London  to  look  after  his  private  affairs  before  returning  to  Dublin,  whilst  Ridgewa: 
was  detained  with  the  council  until  the  5th  of  July.  In  the  preceding  month  of  May,  Chicheste 
had  forwarded  to  Ridgeway  and  Davys  a  paper  headed — Memorials  for  the  dispatch  of  Mr,  Treasurt 
and  the  King's  Attorney  for  Ireland,  These  *  Memorials'  were  principally  to  remind  the  twi 
plantation  commissioners,  whilst  at  head-quarters,  to  have  arrangements  made  for  the  followiii| 
objects  : — "  i.  To  authorise  the  Lord  Deputy  to  renew  the  commission  touching  the  plantation  11 
such  points  as  he  and  the  council  [in  Dublin]  shall  think  fit  2.  That  the  Lord  Deputy  Ix 
authorised  to  award  a  commission  to  himself,  the  Lord  Chancellor,  the  Treasurer,  the  Chief  Justice 
the  Chief  Baron,  the  Master  of  the  Rolls,  and  Sir  Richard  Cooke,  or  to  any  five  of  them,  of  whom 
the  Lord  Deputy  to  be  one,  and  two  of  those  above-named  to  be  other  two,  for  passing  of  the 
several  proportions  of  escheated  lands  in  Ulster  unto  the  British  undertakers  and  their  heii* 
according  to  the  several  assignations,  the  copies  whereof  are  transmitted  to  him  [Chichester]  an^ 
the  commissioners  under  the  hands  of  the  King's  privy  council.  3.  That  the  like  authority  fc 
given  unto  him  and  the  same  commission,  to  pass  unto  servitors  and  natives,  to  such  persons  aK3 
in  such  quantities  as  he  and  the  commissioners  shall  think  fit.  4.  That  a  like  authority  be  theiel 
given  to  pass  their  proportions  to  natives  in  the  precincts  assigned  to  servitors  and  natives,  in  vmM 
quantities  as  the  commissioners  shall  think  fit  5.  That  the  present  letters  shall  be  hb  warrant 
put  in  execution  such  further  instructions  as  he  shall  receive  under  the  hand  of  the  King  and  Prii 
Council  concerning  the  plantation.  6.  That  he  draw  together  such  companies  and  forces  ft 
attend  him  and  the  commissioners  in  this  summer's  journey  for  settling  the  plantation,  and  to  leaie 
so  many  of  the  said  companies  in  such  several  places,  for  securing  the  undertakers,  as  he  shiff 
think  fit  7.  And  that  he  begin  his  journey  at  such  time  as  shall  best  serve  for  the  expedition  of 
the  plantation  this  season."  In  reply  to  the  foregoing  demands  from  the  deputy,  the  Kflf 
forwarded  to  him  a  warrant,  signed  by  his  own  hand,  on  the  9th  of  June,  and  granting  not  Oi^ 
power  to  form  a  new  commission,  but  to  carry  out  every  detail  specified  by  the  deputy  as  reqoiitd 
in  connection  with  this  additional  journey  to  the  North.  The  King  speaks  in  compUmeatii} 
terms  of  Ridgeway,  *'  whose  sufficiency  he  highly  approves."    His  Majesty  also  nominated  oonii 


RESULTS    AND    ARRANGEMENTS.  221 

influential  persons,  English  and  Scottish,  to  stand  at  the  heads  of  the  several  companies  or  consorts 
of  British  undertakers,  as  their  representatives  and  advocates,  but  not  necessarily  themselves  the 
owners  of  proportions,  although  a  few  of  them  were. 

As  the  summer  wore  on,  it  brought  the  deputy,  if  not  *  grief,'  yet  a  sinking  of  the  heart  when 

he  thought  of  the  work  before  him  in  Ulster.     On  the  27th  of  June,  he  wrote  to  Salisbury  a  long 

letter,  apparently  for  no  other  object  than  to  give  expression  to  his  querulous  and  unquiet  thoughts. 

"  Not  having  heard  thence  of  long  time,"  says  he,  "  and  therefore  ignorant  in  what  is  resolved 

touching  the  plantation  of  the  escheated  lands  in  Ulster.     The  season  of  the  year  is  far  spent; 

TOiter  in  that  province  is  at  hand ;  and  no  undertakers  are  yet  arrived  here.     The  charge  of  a 

journey  hither  [to  Ulster]  is  very  great ;  where  making  but  a  short  stay  little  will  be  effected,  and 

the  very  motion  [moving  in  the  matter]  will  disquiet  the  people  as  much  as  the  thing  [the  journey] 

itself;  and  how  they  stand  affected  his  Lordship  may  perceive  by  what  Sir  Toby  Calefeelde  has 

written,  which  herewith  he  sends  as  it  came  even  now  to  his  hands  (see  p.  152).    He  was  ever,  and 

is  still,  of  opinion  that  those  people  [the  natives  of  Ulster]  will  not  be  removed  from  one  place  to 

another,  though  it  be  from  the  worse  to  the  better,  without  trouble  and  disturbance;  and,  therefore, 

they  must  go  provided  to  withstand  and  suppress  them  if  they  will  not  otherwise  be  brought  to 

reason.     Has  prepared  the  small  army  to  be  in  readiness  upon  a  short  warning;  and  has  a 

reasonable  quantity  of  bread  and  other  provisions  in  store ;  yet,  if  the  undertakers  were  come,  and 

if  He  were  directed  to  set  forward  this  day  itself,  he  could  hardly  be  prepared  to  remove  from  hence, 

for  such  a  journey  as  is  fitting  and  convenient  for  honour  and  safet>',  within  28  days ;  which  he  has 

thought  fit  to  recommend  to  his  [Salisbury's]  consideration,  with  the  further  addition,  that  he 

[Chichester]  shall  be  ready,  as  well  in  winter  as  summer,  to  proceed  as  he  shall  be  directed,  for  the 

^ttrtherance  of  so  good  a  service ;  but  he  knows  that  some  that  must  be  of  the  commission  will 

Wdly  endure  the  winter  tempests  of  those  parts  in  the  open  field,  where  no  houses  or  other  shelter 

's  to  be  had,  but  such  tents  as  they  carry  with  them." 

Sir  Thomas  Ridgeway  returned,  greatly  to  the  deputy's  comfort,  early  in  July ;  arid  Davys, 
although  detained  in  England  longer  than  he  expected,  was  able  to  reach  Dublin  in  good  time  to 
^d  in  the  important  expedition  to  the  North.  On  this  occasion,  Davys  was  not  a  member  of  the 
commission,  but  was  required  to  accompany  it  as  the  King's  advocate,  employed  to  persuade  the 
"^tive  people  of  Ulster  that  they  had  no  right  in  the  lands  which  their  ancestors  owned  and 
^tivated  time  immemorial.  When  such  was  the  doctrine  now  to  be  practically  carried  out,  it  is  not 
^rprising  that  even  Chichester,  callous  as  he  was,  quailed  at  the  contemplation  of  his  work.  We 
^^  him,  indeed,  actually  endeavouring  to  invest  it  with  a  kind  of  mock  solemnity,  as  if  that  could, 

• 

^  some  way,  alleviate  the  burden  which  his  selfish  ambition  made  him  willing  and  even  proud  to 
°car.  On  the  19th  of  July,  he  writes  to  Salisbury  as  follows  : — "Now,  upon  receipt  of  his  Majesty's 
^iiections,  and  those  from  him  [Salisbury]  and  the  Council,  he  [Chichester]  intends  by  God's 
pennission  to  be  at  the  Cavan  on  St.  James's  Day,  the  25  th  instant,  there  to  begin  that  great  work 
on  the  day  of  that  blessed  saint  in  heaven  and  great  monarch  [James  I]  on  earth ;  to  which 
lie  prays  God  to  give  good  and  prosperous  success,  for  they  shall  find  many  stubborn  and 


22  2  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

Stiff-necked  people  to  oppose  themselves  against  and  to  hinder  the  free  passage  thereof,  the  word  of 
removing  and  transplanting  being  to  the  natives  as  welcome  as  tht  sentence  of  death.  B^ns  with 
the  Cavan,  because  the  people  there  are  more  understanding  and  pliable  to  reason  [literally,  more 
divided  among  themselves,  and  therefore  the  more  easily  dealt  with]  than  in  the  remoter 
parts,  and  because  there  is  more  land  to  dispose  [of]  towards  the  contentment  of  the  natives 
in  that  county  than  in  any  of  the  rest ;  and  next  to  that  is  Fermanagh,  which  shall  be  the  second 
county  they  will  deal  with.  Most  of  the  commissioners  named  in  the  King's  letter  have  prayed 
to  be  excused  from  personal  attendance  in  the  journey,  as  well  by  reason  of  age  and  impotence  d 
body,  as  of  the  difficulty  of  the  ways,  the  foulness  of  the  weather,  and  the  ill-lodging  they  shall  find 
in  Ulster."  Chichester  concludes  this  letter  by  informing  Salisbury  that  he  had  "in  readiness  some 
dogs  and  mewed  hawks"  to  send  him,  "  which,"  he  adds,  "  shall  come  to  him  as  soon  as  they  are  ft 
to  be  carried  so  far ;  the  soar-hawks  are  for  the  most  part  so  rotten  that  he  thinks  it  the  bettei 
course  to  send  him  such  as  are  tried  and  mewed  henceforth,  though  they  be  fewer ;  they  are  poor 
presents  for  so  rich  a  benefactor." 


Such  was  the  style  in  which  the  deputy  could  descant  in  the  same  breath  about  the 
planting  of  natives  and  the  transporting  of  dogs  and  hawks.    It  is  remarkable  that  the  comroissiooeni 
who  declined  on  this  occasion  to  accompany  Chichester  to  Ulster,  had  been  nominated  by  himsdC 
Unless,  therefore,  the  deputy  wished  to  have  the  business  pretty  much  in  his  own  hands,  he  wookS 
hardly  have  had  old  and  frail  men  appointed  at  all    In  the  foregoing  letter  he  states  that  of  all  tho^ 
appointed  on  the  commission  ^*-  he  shall  have  the  company  of  Mr.  Treasurer  and  the  Master  of  tk^ 
Rolls  only ;  but  he  takes  with  him  the  Marshal  of  the  Army  and  some  others  of  the  Council  Qij 
Dublin],  who,  together  with  Mr.  Treasurer,  he  is  sure  will  never  refuse  any  travel,  hazard,  or  dai^ger, 
which  is  fit  for  them  to  undergo  for  the  furtherance  of  his  Majesty's  service  and  directions."    TTic 
deputy,  when  making  his  preparations,  had  asked  instructions  concerning  certain  matters  whki 
would  necessarily  come  before  him,  from  time  to  time,  during  the  northern  journey ;  and,  in  rq>lf 
to  his  request,  he  received  the  following  "  Advices  set  down  by  the  Commissioners  {for  Irish  causes} 
and  signed  by  Sir  Roger  Wilbraham,  Sir  James  Ley,  and  Sir  James  FuUerton : — "As  we  find  thit 
suits  and  troubles  will  arise  to  the  undertakers  by  pretence  of  concealed  lands  not  passed  in  tbdr 
letters  patent,  we  are  of  opinion  if  there  shall  fall  out  any  omissions  or  concealments,  in  portiooi 
assigned  for  Britons,  that  the  Lord  Deputy  shall  be  authorised  to  pass  them  to  the  undertakos  rf 
the  proportions  in  which  they  lie.     And  if  any  concealment  shall  fall  in  any  precinct  and  witW 
[outside]  all  proportions,  he  shall  lay  them  into  the  proportions  next  adjoining ;  for  all  which  rot 
is  to  be  reserved  rateably,  as  for  the  rest  of  the  undertakers.     And  if  he  shall  be  directed  by  iif 
letters  from  hence  to  the  contrary,  he  shall  forbear  to  proceed  therein  until  upon  advertiscneit 
hither  he  shall  receive  from  the  King  or  his  council  new  directions,     i.  That  direction  be  gWenH 
the  Lord  Deputy  that  no  offices  be  found  or  returned,  which  may  cross  or  impeach  the  aedk  cf 
the  offices  found  before  by  the  Commissioners  of  Survey  of  the  escheated  lands  in  Ulster;  that  M 
trials  or  proceedings  in  law  be  admitted  to  the  prejudice  of  the  plantation ;  and  that  the  offiot 
lately  taken  of  certain  lands  in  the  Omey  be  taken  from  the  file,  if  it  be  returned,     a.  That  ana 


RESULTS  AND  ARRANGEMENTS.  223 

Sir  Tirlagh  M 'Henry  seems  willing  to  be  removed  out  of  the  Fewes,  that  order  be  sent  to  the 
Ix)rd     Deputy  to  provide  some  convenient  place  in  the  Cavan,  or  elsewhere,  to  settle  him,  in 
order  to  plant  servitors  in  his  country.     3.  For  the  better  erecting  and  peopling  of  corporate  and 
market  towns  in  the  province  of  Ulster,  we  think  it  fit  that  the  commissioners  set  down  how  many 
places  or  sites  of  houses  they  think  fit  to  be  erected  for  the  present  in  every  town,  and  assign  how 
tnucH  and  what  land  shall  serve  for  further  erections,  in  future  times.     4.  To  allot  in  certainty  the 
quaatity  for  curtilages  and  backsides  to  belong  to  every  place  or  site.     5.  To  set  out  a  convenient 
place  for  a  church-yard,  in  which  a  church  may  be  built ;  and  for  a  convenient  market-place.     6.  To 
take  care  that  water  may  be  conveniently  had  for  serving  the  towns.     7.  That  no  land  be  enclosed, 
or  laid  to  any  house  till  the  town  be  conveniently  peopled  ;  a  third  proportion  of  the  land  allotted 
to  every  town  may  be  enclosed  at  the  common  charge  to  make  a  common  meadow  ;  and  the  rest 
be  left  for  a  common  for  cattle.     8.  That  in  such  towns  where  free  schools  are  appointed,  some 
convenient  place  be  reserved  for  that  purpose.     9.  That  there  be  a  reservation  for  the  appointing 
highways  in  such  places  as  the  commissioners  shall  prescribe.     lo.  After  the  towns  shall  have  40 
houses  divided  ^ith  40  families,  they  are  to  be  incorporated,  with  such  liberties  as  shall  be  thought 
fit,  having  regard  to  the  ability  of  the  persons  and  the  quantity  of  the  place  ;  also  that  the  Deputy 
^e  order  that  their  charters  may  be  passed  with  small  charge,  and  each  incorporated  town 
authorised  by  charter  to  send  two  burgesses  to  Parliament.     11.  The  Deputy  and  council  to  take 
order  for  the  peopling  and  inhabiting  towns,  erecting  schools,  and  building  churches,  so  far  as  the 
nieans  of  the  country  will  yield.     Where  there  shall  be  defects,  the  same  to  be  signified  to  you. 
12.  The  Deputy  shall  be  required  not  to  pass  any  lands  appointed  for  towns  and  free  schools  to 
^y  other  use.     If  directions  be  sent  from  hence  by  letters  to  the  contrary,  he  shall  forbear  therein 
^til  he  shall  receive  new  direction.     13.  The  Deputy  shall  take  order  that  such  as  have  advowsons 
^  settle  incumbents  thereon  within  such  time  as  he  and  the  commissioners  shall  think  meet. 
That  your  Lordships  [the  council  in  London]  should  write  to  the  Deputy  and  council  to  inform 
themselves  of  the  true  estate  and  number  of  the  impropriations  belonging  to  the  Archbishop  and 
%iitaries  of  Ardmagh,  and  certify  the  same  that  the  King  may  take  order  for  the  endowment  of 
the  churches  in  that  diocese.     14.  That  the  Deputy  make  no  sheriff  within  the  plantation  for  the 
fct  three  years  but  some  one  of  the  British  undertakers,  if  there  be  sufficient  for  this  first  year. 
'5-  That  the  names  of  such  as  have  not  entered  bonds  here  be  sent  to  the  Deputy,  that  he 
^ytake  bonds  of  them  in  Ireland,  wherein  a  copy  of  the  bond  is  to  be  transmitted.     16.  That 
fte  names  and  trades  of  such  old  inhabitants  of  Derry,  desirous  to  dwell  in  Derry,  be  sent  hither, 
^  the  end  that  the  Londoners  may  be   dealt  with  for  admitting  them  into  the  corporation.     1 7. 
That  140/.  remaining  with  the  Londoners,  be  paid  by  the  Deputy's  warrant  to  the  old  inha- 
bitants of  Derry,  and  100/.  more  English  to  be  allotted  to  them  by  concordatum."    These  last 
mentioned  clauses,  having  reference  to  plantation  affairs  in  and  around  Derry,  will  explain  them- 
selves,  when  we  come  to  narrate  the  Londoners*  efforts  at  colonisation. 

VL 
On  receiving  the  necessary  amount  of  encouragement  and  instruction  from  Salisbury  speaking 


224  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

in  the  name  of  the  King,  the  deputy  and  his  fellow-eommissioners  went  once  more  on  their  way 
northward — if  not  rejoicing,   at  least  sufficiently'  determined  to  seize  the   spoils  now  lying  so 
temptingly  near  their  hands.     We  have  not  much  information  of  their  movements,  or  of  the 
incidents  connected  with  their  perambulations,  for  although  Chief  Justice  Winche  and  Mr.  Attorney 
Davys  were  both  in  the  cavalcade,  there  were  so  many  legal  questions  to  be  discussed  from  time  to 
time,  that  they  had  no  leisure,  as  on  the  former  occasions,  either  to  make  notes  or  write  letters. 
Davys  wrote  only  one  letter  to  Salisbury  on  the  subject  of  their  journey,  but  not  until  after  their 
return  to  Dublin.     This  letter,  which  is  dated  September  24,  and  gives  some  very  significant  details, 
appears  to  have  lain  beside  the  writer  for  several  weeks,  awaiting  the  opportunity  of  Sir  Oliver 
Lambert's  mission  to  London.     Eventually,  it  was  expanded  into  another  and  a  longer  letter,  dated 
November  8,  and  containing  the  writer's  comments  at  great  length  on  the  leading  events  of  their 
progress  in  Ulster.     The  first  version  of  the  letter  has  only  recently  appeared  in  a  printed  calendir 
of  State  Papers,  but  the  second  was  made  known  to  the  public  in  a  volume  of  Davys's  HistmaJ 
Tracts,  which  was  published  at  Dublin  in  the  year  1787.     From  both  these  highly  interesthy 
productions  it  appears  that  the  work  then  to  be  done  by  the  commissioners  would  have  been  indeed 
enormous,  but  that  it  was  made  light  by  the  application  of  many  hands,  and  also  by  the  pbuD  of 
distributing  the  lands  in  precincts  or  baronies,  allowing  each  consort  or  company  to  locate  its  own 
members  by  lot  or  otherwise,  as  it  pleased  themselves.     In  both  versions  of  his  letter  abwc 
mentioned,  Davys  states  that  a  majority  of  the  English  and  Scottish  undertakers  had  arrived,  ehher 
personally  or  by  deputies,  in  time  to  accompany  the  commissioners ;  and  that  the  latter,  instead  of 
having  to  wander  about  the  fields  for  the  purpose  of  handing  his  proportion  to  each  penoi 
individually,  were  able  to  make  the  necessary  assignments  at  their  place  of  encampment  in  die 
several  counties.     The  servitors  had  already  been  selected,  even  in  greater  numbers  than  tfaot 
were  lands  to  give  them  ;  but  for  a  certain  number  their  allotments  had  been  previously  anaflged; 
and,  as  for  the  selection  of  suitable  natives  to  be  made  freeholders,  that  work  had  been  done  kiV 
previously,  and  as  circumstances  dictated  to  Chichester,  both  before  and  after  O'Dogheity's  reio^ 

It  was  rather  remarkable  that  the  commissioners  thought  it  prudent  to  reverse  the  order  d 
their  march  on  this  occasion,  commencing  where  they  had  previously  left  off,  and  endiAg  vho^ 
they  had  previously  commenced.  They  now  opened  their  commission  at  the  Cavan,  becaiBet** 
Chichester  supposed,  the  inhabitants  were  "more  pliable  to  reason" — in  other  words,  more  erf! 
reasoned  into  the  necessity  of  surrendering  any  claims  they  might  suppose  they  had  on  their  o«i 
lands,  and  of  abandoning  their  homes  peaceably,  and  in  good  will  to  the  strangers  I  Bot  we  b0^ 
subjoin  Davys's  letter  of  September  24,  which  mentions  not  only  his  encounter  with  the  lawyer^ 
Cavan,  but  touches  at  several  other  most  interesting  topics  in  connection  with  his  last  jomej  ^ 
Ulster.  ''  Though  the  contrary  winds,''  he  says,  "stayed  him  some  time  at  the  water  side  [00  kk 
return  from  England]  yet  he  arrived  early  enough  to  attend  my  Lord  Deputy  this  journey  iil^ 
Ulster,  where  he  and  the  rest  of  the  commissioners  for  the  plantation  have  performed  four  prifldfil 
services. 

''  I.  They  made  choice  of  such  natives  as  they  found  fit  to  be  made  freeholders  in  eveqfd  j 


RESULTS  AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


225 


eated  counties,  and  have  distributed  several  x)ortions  of  land  unto  diem,  having  respect  to 
ity  of  the  persons  and  the  quantity  of  lands  assigned  to  the  natives. 

They  have  made  choice  of  servitors,  and  made  the  like  distribution  of  the  lands  allotted 
by  the  project 

They  have  published,  by  proclamation  in  every  county,  what  precincts  of  land  are  given  to 
sh  undertakers,  what  to  servitors,  and  what  to  natives,  giving  warning  to  the  natives  to 
rom  the  lands  assigned  to  the  other  undertakers  presently,  if  they  shall  come  and  require 
mt  possession ;  otherwise,  in  regard  the  imdertakers  are  not  prepared  to  manure  and  till 
against  the  next  year  (so  that  if  the  Irish  tenants  be  presently  removed,  a  general  dearth  is 
>llow  in  those  parts,  to  the  prejudice  of  the  plantation),  the  Irish  who  now  possess  the  land 
1  the  same  till  May  next,  paying  rent  for  that  time  [from  November,  1610,  until  May,  i6z  i], 
idertakers,  who,  on  the  other  side,  are  to  pay  the  Irish  for  their  com  and  fallowes,  when 
U  leave  their  possession  unto  them  (57). 

For  such  imdertakers,  both  English  and  Scottish,  as  have  presented  themselves  to  the 
puty  and  commissioners  in  this  journey,  they  have  made  several  warrants  to  the  sherifis  of 
ral  counties  to  give  them  possession  and  seisin  of  their  portions  (58),  and  have  assigned 
iber  in  the  great  woods  for  the  erection  of  their  several  buildings. 


fUo  them. — ^Tlic  fVarrani  fit  Staying  Tenants 
ext^  is  dated  August  23,  and  was  issued  by  the 
nciB  from  their  ''camp  near  Lyfifer."  This 
ame  with  a  bad  grace  immediately  after  the 
A  been  warned  to  remove  at  once  m  order  to 
'  for  the  new-comers.  On  the  commissioners 
It  the  then  expected  undertakers  did  not  make 
aiance,  except  in  a  very  fSew  instances,  it  was 
hould  the  natives  remove,  and  carry  off  their 
stock  with  them  at  or  before  Nov.,  1610,  there 
s  be  forthwith  introduced  a  wide-spread  famine 
e  the  '  Britons'  when  they  might  come.  Here 
colty  which  the  Government  sought  at  first  to 
>t  exactly  ordering  the  inhabitants  off  at  Novem- 
y  warning  them  not  to  plough  or  sow  again,  so 
might  be  able  to  move  at  any  day  required. 
id  not  answer  the  people,  who  must  sow  some- 
hey  were  to  live ;  nor  did  it  suit  the  coming 
10,  when  they  came,  would  require  to  have  some 
belter  and  provision,  at  least  for  a  time.  The 
ncrs,  therefore,  were  obliged  to  issue  their  war- 
taying  the  natives  until  May,  161 1,  with  not 
lission  but  encouragement  to  sow  their  lands 
: — warning  them,  however,  that  they  were  to 
3  the  undertakers  from  November  tiU  the  fol- 
y,  although  thus  retained  for  the  special  con- 
nd  advantage  of  the  undertakers  themselves  ! 
ilty,  as  we  wall  see,  was  not  so  easily  met  as 
planters  supposed. 

\dr  portions, — The  following  was  the  form  of 
rant  of  Possession : — **  Whereas,  the  King  by 
patent,  hath,  among  other  things,  given  and 
AB.,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  all  that  portion  of 


land  commonly  called  the  portion  of ,  lying 

and  being  m  the  precinct  of ,  in  the  coon^roi 

1  with  all  the  lands,  tenements,  and  hereoita- 

ments  within  the  several  towns,  hamlets,  quarters,  or 
parcels  of  land  following,  &c.,  with  the  appurtenances, 
amounting  in  the  whole  to  the  number  of  one  thousand 
acres,  more  or  less,  to  have  and  to  hold,  under  such 
covenants,  articles,  and  conditions  as  in  the  letters  patent ; 
in  full  accomplishment  of  which  grant,  and  in  liirtnerance 
of  the  royal  plantation  now  in  hand,  by  virtue  of  the 
King's  conmiission  to  us  directed  in  that  behalf:  these 
are  uerefore  to  will  and  authorise  you  [the  sherifil  forth- 
with, and  from  time  to  time  hereafter,  upon  any  request 
made  to  you  by  the  patentee,  or  any  other  his  agents, 
attomejTS,  or  solicitors,  by  him  lawfully  deputed,  to  re- 
move or  cause  to  be  removed  out  of  the  premises  sndi 
and  so  many  of  the  tenants,  possessors,  and  occupiers  of 
the  same  as  he  and  they  shall  give  you  notice  of,  and  to 
deliver  livery  and  seisin  of  the  premises  unto  the  patentee 
or  his  assigns,  and  also  to  require  and  command  die 
natives  and  all  others  now  dwelling  upon  the  same,  or  any 
part  thereof,  to  depart  with  their  families,  goods,  and 
chattels,  from  time  to  time,  unto  such  baronies  and  pre- 
cincts as  have  or  shall  be  assigned  unto  them,  or  elsewnere 
at  their  own  wills  and  pleasures,  where  they  may  have 
best  conditions  of  living ;  hereby  charging  and  command- 
ing all  and  every  the  Kii^s  officers,  ministers,  and  suV 
jects,  to  be  always  aiding  and  assisting  imto  you  in  your 
so  doing,  if  need  shall  require,  whereof  they  may  not  fiul, 
as  they  will  answer  the  contrary  at  their  perils.  And  for 
your  so  doing  this  shall  be  your  warrant  Given  at  th« 
camp  near  Dunganon,  the  3  of  Sept,  1610.  To  the 
sheriff  of  the  county  of .** 


226 


THE   PLANTATION.   IN    ULSTER. 


''They  began  at  the  Cavan^  where  (as  it  falleth  out  in  all  matters  of  importance),  they  found  the 
first  access  and  entry  into  the  business  the  most  difficult :  for  the  inhabitants  of  this  country 
bordering  upon  Meath,  and  having  many  acquaintances  and  alliances  with  the  gentlemen  of  the 
English  Pale,  called  themselves  freeholders,  and  pretended  they  had  estates  of  inheritance  in  their 
lands,  which  their  chief  lords  could  not  forfeit  by  their  attainder;  whereas,  in  truth,  they  never  had 
any  estates,  according  to  the  rules  of  common  law,  but  only  a  scambling  and  transitory  possession, 
as  all  other  Irish  natives  within  this  kingdom  (59). 

*'When  the  proclamation  was  published  touching  their  removal,  (which  was  done  in  the 
public  session  house,  the  Lord  Deputy  and  commissioners  being  present),  a  lawyer  of  the  P^ 
retained  by  the  inhabitants,  endeavoured  to  maintain  that  they  had  estates  of  inheritance,  and  m 
their  name  desired  two  things :  first,  that  they  might  be  admitted  to  traverse  the  offices  [of 
inquisition]  which  had  been  taken  of  those  lands ;  secondly,  that  they  might  have  the  benefit  of  a 
proclamation  made  about  five  years  since,  whereby  their  persons,  lands,  and  goods  were  all  received 
into  his  Majesty's  protection.  To  this,  by  my  Lord  Deputy's  commandment,  he  [Davys]  made 
answer,  that  it  was  manifest  that  they  had  no  estate  of  inheritance  either  in  their  chiefries  or  in 
their  tenancies,  though  they  seemed  to  run  in  a  course  of  gavelkind,  for  the  chief  of  the  sept  onoe  ^ 


(59).  Within  this  kingdom. — ^The  above  is  a  very  un- 
fiur  and  legally  erroneous  view  of  this  important  question; 
for,  even  according  to  English  law,  tne  party  whose 
mouth-piece  Davys  was,  had  no  right  to  confiscate  any 
property  but  such  as  belonged  personaUy  to  the  fugitive 
earb  themselves — their  demesne  lands,  their  moveable 
effects  of  all  kinds,  and  whatever  authority  they  had 
exercised  as  chiefs  of  their  respective  tribes  or  dans. 
•'The  Government,  however,  had  determined,"  observes 
an  impartial  and  strictly  constitutional  writer,  "  to  stretch 
the  confiscation  so  as  to  enable  the  King  to  deal  as 
absolute  owner  in  the  fee  of  Tyrone  and  Tyrconnell  [and 
in  other  territories  of  Ulster],  discharged  of  every  estate 
and  interest  whatsoever.  For  this  purpose  a  theory  was 
invented  that  the  fee  of  the  tribe  lands  was  vested  m  the 
chief,  and  that  the  members  of  the  tribe  held  merely  as 
tenants  at  will.  Than  this  nothing  could  have  been  more 
fidse ;  they  did  not,  indeed,  hold  by  feudal  tenure,  nor  in 
most  instances  p(»sess  what  the  English  law  described  as 
the  freehold ;  their  titles  were  not  entered  upon  the  roU 
of  a  nunor,  nor  could  thev  produce  parchment  grants  or 
muniments  of  title ;  yet  the  rights  they  possessed  in  the 
land  were,  according  to  their  native  laws,  as  clear  and 
definite  as  anv  feudal  erant  could  make  them  ;  and  their 
properties,  whatever  they  might  be,  had  been  possessed 
oy  their  ancestors  before  Eng^lish  law  had  reached  the 
country.  But  in  spite  of  all  this,  the  King  declared  that, 
because  their  interests  could  not  square  with  the  logical 
distinctions  of  the  feudal  code,  but  were  defined  by  Brehon 
law — which,  in  the  eyes  of  English  lawyers,  was  not  law 
at  all,  but  a  damnable  custom — the  population  had  no 
more  interest  in  or  title  to  the  lands,  which  their  ancestors 
had  possessed  time  out  of  mind,  than  wild  beasts  or  cattle 
could  claim.  This  point  having  been  satisfactorily  de- 
cided, the  Crown  was  freed  from  all  claims,  legal  or 
equitable  ;  the  tenants  at  wiU  should  be  thankfiil  for  any 


provision,  however  small ;  and  the  work  of  the  plMte-««^ 
tion  might  be  carried  out  without  let  or  hiwlnnfr  ^ 
This  was  the  great  injustice  upon  which  the  plaaU  ' 
of  Ulster  was  foundeo.  The  English  GovenuDCBt 
for  years  cried  out  against  the  evil  treatment  to  which 
poor  earthworkers  were  subjected  by  their  tribe  VnA, ' 
represented  the  local  communities  to  be  pyreraed  witf 
reference  to  the  wants  and  conditioQS  of  the  poor, 
held  out  fixity  of  tenure  and  freedom  from 
exactions  as  the  great  benefit  which  the  tillen  of  the 
were  to  receive  when  the  lands  were  made  shire  hmdtmad 
subject  to  English  law.  But,  although  thcK  datricci 
had  five  yMrs  before  [long^l  been  made  shire  laad^  al- 
though the  judges  had  gone  circnit  there  and  fiMml  fite- 
holders  enough  to  sit  on  juries,  to  serve  npoa  the  loy 
juries  by  which  the  earls  had  been  coodenaedi  Ikt 
Government,  when  it  suited  its  purpose^  couhl  iaait  tltf 
English  law  had  extended  to  these  districU  as  6r «ns 
necessary  for  the  attainder  and  confiscatioa  of  tiw  oMa 
of  the  lords,  but  not  so  fiu*  as  to  aecare  the  poor  aad  «a^ 
in  the  possession  of  their  holdings  or  enjoyaart  ef  thor 
rights  ;  or  if  it  did  at  all  apfrfy  to  those  of  nie  coedite 
its  only  effect  was  to  reduce  their  customary  right!  ^  tbt 
delusive  estate  known  to  English  law  as  a  tcnaaqrMwilL 
This  was  the  great  wrong  which  for  more  than  a  1 
tion  rankled  in  the  hearts  of  the  Ulster  Irish, 
made  them  regard  the  Scottish  and  F«g|**'' 
robbers,  maintained  in  the  poasessioii  ofthrir  ptete  tf 
the  strong  hand  of  an  orerbearing  foiein  Gontt^^ 
In  remembrance  of  this  wron^  cnerimd  fDrnoitAtf 
thirty  yean,  the  children  of  those  who^  by  a  l^^Mh 
had  been  thrust  out  of  their  patrimoiiy,  Mind  m  itf 
opportunity  to  regain  their  old  estate.**  A.  G.  Rkhi^ 
Lectures  9n  Irish  Hitt^ry^  deltveied  in  Trinity  Colh0k 
Dublin,  second  series,  pp^  4S3H5S* 


RESULTS   AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


227 


m  two  or  three  years,  shuffled  and  changed  their  possessions,   by  making  a  new  partition  or 

division  amongst  them,  wherein  the  bastards  had  always  their  portions  as  well  as  the  legitimate,  and 

therefore  this  custom  hath  been  adjudged  void  in  law  by  the  opinion  of  all  the  judges  in  this 

Vdngdom  (60).     Hereunto  two  other  arguments  were  added  to  prove  that  they  had  no  estates  of 

inheritance ;  one,  that  they  never  esteemed  lawful  matrimony  to  the  end  they  might  have  lawful 

heiis ;  next,  that  they  never  built  any  houses,  or  planted  any  orchards  or  gardens,  nor  took  any 

care  of  their  posterities,  both  of  which  they  would  have  done  if  they  had  had  estates  descendible  to 

tbeir  lawful  heirs  (61).     These  reasons  answered  both  their  petitions,  for  if  they  had  no  estate  in 

law,  then  could  they  show  no  title,  and,  without  showing  a  title,  no  man  may  be  admitted  to  traverse 

an  office;  and,  again,  if  they  had  no  estate  in  the  land  which  they  possessed,  the  proclamation 

which  receives  their  lands  into  his  Majesty's  protection  does  not  give  them  any  better  estate  than 

thcj  had  before.     Other  arguments  were  used  to  prove  that  his  Majesty  might  justly  dispose  of 

those  lands  as  he  has  now  done  in  law,  in  conscience,  and  in  honour,  wherewith  they  seemed  not 

unsatisfied  in  reason,  though  in  passion  they  remained  ill-contented,  being  grieved  to  leave  their 

possessions  to  strangers,  which  their  septs  [families]  had  so  long  after  the  Irish  manner  enjoyed 

(^^).    Howbeit,  my  Lord  Deputy  so  mixed  threats  with  entreaty,  precibusque  minas  regaliter  oddity 


|6o).  In  this  kingdom, — English    state  authorities  al* 
^^ys  looked  on  the  Brehon  laws  with  intense  dislike ; 
whilst  legal  or  other  advisers  became  eloquent  in  their 
*^3^ise  wimout  understanding  the  nature  of  the  institution 
thus  abased.     They  little  dreamed  that  what  was  then, 
fi^  is  now,  known  as  the  English   common   law,  had 
i^  origin  to  a  great   extent    in  the  very  code  which 
^*ss spoken  of  as  "wicked  and  damnable"  by  the  statute 
of  Kilkenny  ;  as  ''repugning  quite  both  to  God's  law  and 
^'s,"  by  Edmund  Spenser ;  as  producing  such  desola- 
^  and  barbarism  "as  the  like  was  never  seen  in  any 
ttwntry  that  professed  the  name  of  Christ,"  by  Sir  John 
1^^    A  new  light  is  now  dawning  on  the  English  legal 
11^  in  reference  to  this  important  question,  and  parti- 
co^Iy  since  the  translation  and  publication  of  the  Ancient 
^ABv  9fJrdand.     Indeed,  it  has  even  come  to  pass,  that 
one  of  the  most  cautious  and  profound  thinkers  of  the 
Pttent  age — Sir  Henry  S.  Maine — expresses  himself  in 
«e  following  terms : — **  I  am  not  afraid  to  anticipate  that 
?•*«  will  some  day  be  more  hesitation  in  repeating  the 
mYecdves  of  Spenser  and  Davis,  when  it  is  once  clearly 
■jxittstood  that  the  *  lewd'  institutions  of  the  Irish  were 
^oally  the  same  institutions  as  those  out  of  which  the 
,  just  aid  honourable  law'  of  England  grew.     Why  these 
^''^tions  followed  in  their  development  such  different 
Pf^  it  is  the  province  of  history  to  decide  ;  but  when  it 
P^  an  impartial  decision,  I  doubt  much  its  wholly  at- 
tributing the  difference  to  native  faults  of  Irish  character." 
^^ly  History  of  Institutions^  p.  229.)     However  this 
***y  be,  the    Brehon    laws    were    formally  abolished, 
Hnough  not  until  long  afterwards  in  reality — in  Hilary 
Joni|  1605.     The  Irish  gavelkind,  as  above  stated  by 
P«^  was  then  declared  by  the  English  judges  void  in 
«^.  "  not  only  for  its  inconvenience  and  unreasonableness 
[which  might,  indeed,  fairly  enough  condemn  many  other 
^ws  besides],  but  because  it  was  a  mere  personal  custom, 
which  tended  to  alter  the  descent  of  inheritances,  contrary 


to  the  course  of  common  law."  (See  Davys's  Historieai 
Tracts^  pp.  265,  266).  Referring  to  the  sweeping  deci- 
sion of  these  judges  when  affirming  the  illegality  of  the 
Irish  tenures  know  as  tanistry  and  ^velkind.  Sir  Henry 
S.  Maine  observes: — **They  [the  judges]  declared  the 
English  common  law  to  be  in  force  in  Ireland,  and  thence- 
forward the  eldest  son  succeeded,  as  heir  at  law,  both  to 
lands  which  were  attached  to  a  signoiy,  and  to  estates 
which  had  been  divided  according  to  the  peculiar  Iridi 
custom  here  called  gavelkind.  'Hie  judges  thoroughly 
knew  that  they  were  making  a  revolution,  and  they 
probably  thought  that  they  were  substituting  a  civilised 
institution  for  a  set  of  mischievous  usages  proper  only  for 
barbarians.  Yet,  there  is  strong  reason  for  thmking,  that 
Tanistry  is  the  form  of  succession  from  which  Primogeni- 
ture descended,  and^that  the  Irish  gavelkind,  which  they 
sharply  distinguished  from  the  gavelkind  of  Kent,  was 
nothing  more  than  an  archaic  form  of  this  same  institu- 
tion, of  which  courts  in  England  have  always  taken  judi- 
cial notice,  and  which  prevailed  far  more  widely  on  the 
European  continent  than  succession  by  Primogeniture." 
Early  History  of  Instittitions^  pp.  185,  186. 

(61).  Lawful  heirs. — These  loose  assertions  on  the  part 
of  Davys  were  equally,  if  not  more  applicable  in  some 
respects  to  the  English  populations  of  that  time.  If  the 
Irish  neglected  to  plant  orchards  and  to  attend  to  other 
more  serious  duties,  they  were  prevented  by  the  horrible 
and  uninterrupted  warfare  carried  on  against  them  by  the 
English. 

(62).  Enjoyed. — The  "other  arguments"  employed  by 
Davys  to  reconcile  the  unhappy  people  of  Cavan  **to 
leave  their  possessions  to  strangers"  are  recorded  in  his 
letter  of  the  8th  of  November,  and  printed  among  other 
things  of  the  same  kind  in  his  volume  of  Historical  Tracts. 
These  *  arguments'  were,  indeed,  wretched  attempts  in 
their  way,  and  for  the  occasion.  They  simply  insulted 
those  to  i¥hom  they  were  addressed,  being  used  rather 


228 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


as  that  they  promised  to  give  way  to  the  undertakers,  if  the  sheriff,  by  warrant  from  his  I 
and  the  commissioners,  put  them  in  possession.  Whereupon,  his  Lordship  and  the  commi 
signed  a  warrant  to  the  sheriff  to  give  possession  to  one  Taylor,  an  English  undertaker,  i 
then  arrived  and  present  in  the  camp,  which  warrant  was  executed  without  resistance  (i 
thereupon  distribution  being  made  to  the  better  sort  of  natives,  of  several  portions  of  lane 
baronies  assigned  to  them,  they  not  unwillingly  accepted  of  several  tickets  containing  the  qi 
of  land  allotted  to  every  particular  person. 

"The  eyes  of  all  the  inhabitants  of  Ulster  were  timied  upon  this  county  of  Cavj 
therefore  when  they  saw  the  difficulty  of  the  business  overcome  here,  their  minds  were  th 
prepared  to  submit  themselves  to  the  course  prescribed  by  his  Majesty  for  the  plantation, 
in  the  next  two  counties  of  Fermanagh  and  Tyrconnell  (64),  (though  the  countries  we 


in  a  congratulatory  spirit  that  the  natives  had  not  been 
even  more  savagely  treated!  ** Lastly,"  savs  Davvs, 
'*this  transplantation  of  the  natives  is  made  by  his 
Majesty  rather  /iJ^  a  father  than  like  a  lord  or  monarch. 
The  Romans  transplanted  whole  nations  out  of  Germany 
into  France ;  the  Spaniards  lately  removed  all  the  Moors 
out  of  Grenada  into  Barbary,  without  providing  them  any 
new  seats  there  ;  when  the  English  Pale  was  first  planted 
all  the  natives  were  clearly  expelled,  so  as  not  one  Irish 
fiunily  had  so  much  as  an  acre  of  freehold  in  all  the  five 
counties  of  the  Pale ;  and  now,  within  these  four  years 
past,  the  Greames  were  removed  from  the  borders  of 
Scotland  to  this  kingdom,  and  had  not  one  foot  of  land 
allotted  to  them  here :  but  these  natives  of  Cavan  have 
competent  portions  of  land  [not  one  in  every  thousand 
had  any  land]  assigned  unto  them,  many  of  them  [very 
few]  in  the  same  barony  where  they  dwelt  before,  and 
such  as  are  removed  are  planted  in  the  same  county." 
(See  Historical  Tracts,  pp.  283,  284).  The  transportation 
of  the  Grahams  above  referred  to  was  a  curious  but 
melancholy  illustration  in  the  history  of  plantations. 
This  tribe  or  sept  was  forcibly  expelled  from  their  own 
ancient  territory  on  the  borders  between  England  and 
Scotland,  and  sent  in  l^rge  numbers,  including  old  and 
yonne,  to  the  county  of  Roscommon,  where  they  en- 
dured terrible  hardship  for  a  time.  Many  of  them  soon 
died  there,  and  the  remainder  were  at  last  permitted  to 
disperse  themselves  as  they  could.  Many  came  north- 
WMtl  into  Ulster,  with  the  purpose  of  returning  to  their 
native  borders,  but  few  are  supposed  to  have  succeeded  in 
doing  sa  This  transplantation  took  place  in  the  autumn 
of  IM)6,  and  was  conaucted  by  a  person  named  Sir  Ralph 
Sidley  on  the  part  of  the  Government  The  *'  Articles  of 
amement  touching  the  transportation  and  transplantation 
of  the  Graemes,  and  other  inhabitants  of  Leven,  Esk, 
and  Sark,  the  late  borders  of  England,  into  Ireland,  were 
concluded  between  the  Bishop  of  Carlisle,  Sir  Charles 
Halei,  Knight,  Sir  Wilfred  Lawson,  Knight,  and  Joseph 
Pennington,  Eisq.,  of  the  one  part ;  and  Sir  Ralph  Sidley 
of  the  other  part ;  and  bore  date  12th  September,  1606. 
This  Sir  Ralph  Sidley  had  been  a  servitor  m  Ireland,  and 
was  one  of  those  captains  who  was  discharged  in  1604. 
He  had  married  the  widow  of  Heniy  MaJbjr,  son  and 
heir  of  the  well-knovm  Sir  Nicholas  Nf alb^,  for  so  many 
yean  governor  of  Connan^^t  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth. 


In  right  of  his  wife,  he  was  seized  of  die  m 
seifiniory  of  Roscommon ;  and  thinking,  no  \ 
make  a  fortune  therein  by  bringing  labourers  az 
around  him  from  Scotland,  he  was,  nnforta 
himself  and  the  Grahams,  induced  to  enter  into  tl 
mentioned  articles  of  agreement. 

(63).  ^^AT/am-^.— The  "one  Taylor"  aboire-n 
who  thus  secured  for  himself  such  prompt  bat 
enviable  notoriety,  was  John  Taylor,  wno  ca 
Cambridgeshire,  and  was  worth  200  marks  p< 
(see  pp.  125,  149). 

(64).  And  Tyrconnell, — ^The  commissioners 
their  proclamations  to  suit  the  circnmstances 
county,  first  announcing,  when  possible,  what 
natives  were  to  have  proportions,  and  where; 
with  the  names  of  such  persons  of  humbfe  rai 
been  made  freeholders.  The  prodamatioii  at  t 
in  Tyrconnell,  may  be  quoted  as  an  illnstrataoa 
troductory  paragraph  is  as  follows : — "  As  it  hai 
the  King  to  dispose  and  settle  the  lands  and  pc 
of  this  county,  which  are  come  into  his  hands ;  n 
information  of  the  inhabitants  touching  the  Kii 
sure,  we  declare  that  whereas  there  are  m  this  a 
several  precincts  of  land  lately  escheated,  m 
Portlogh,  Boylagh,  Doe,  and  Fawnett,  the  Kii 
bounty  respecting  the  civil  plantation  of  thb  coi 
granted  unto  certain  Enghsh  [Scottish]  undeiti 
said  precincts  of  Portlo«i  and  Boylagh,  and 
served  for  the  natives  and  certain  servitors  to  b 
amongst  them,  the  said  precincts  of  Doe  and  \ 
which  two  precincts,  containing  25,000  acre%  i 
thus  distributed,  viz.,  to  servitors  two-fiAh  pait% 
abouts,  and  to  the  better  sort  of  natives  three-fif 
whereof  we  are  severally  ditected  to  assign  1 
Mulmorie  McSwine  a  Doe,  to  Dona^  McSwiae 
to  Donell  McSwine  Fawnett,  and  to  yonof 
O'Boyle  (see  pp.  131,  176),  so  many  qnaiteis  o 
shall  amount  to  2,000  acres  a-piece ;  and  to  N; 
DoneU  [Ineen  duv  Macdonndlj  (see  pp.  Ijo^  i 
acres,  and  to  Honora  Bourke,  the  widow  of  O^ 
(see  p.  131).  And  havinga  provident  care  of  tin 
near  Dublin  for  the  education  of  the  youth  crif  this  t 
there  has  been  assigned  to  the  Provost  of  the  lai 
the  number  of  4,000  acres  [a  moch  lafftr  • 
lying  in  the  barony  of  lyreh^gfa,  beiidet  carti 


RESULTS    AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


229 


entirely  resumed,  nor  vested  in  the  Crown  as  Tyrone  was,  but  only  surrendered  and  re-granted  to 

the  chief  lords,  who  forfeited  their  estates  by  their  several  attainders),  there  was  no  man  that 

pretended  any  title  against  the  Crown,  and  there  were  very  few  who  seemed  unsatisfied  with  their 

portions  assigned  unto  them  (65),  only  Connor  Roe  McGuyre,  who  has  an  entire  barony,  and  the 

best  iDarony  in  Fermanagh,  allotted  unto  him  (because  in  the  first  year  of  his  Majesty's  reign,  when 

the  settling  of  that  province  was  not  so  verily  intended  as  now  it  is,  the  State  made  him  a  promise 

of tlunee baronies  in  the  county),  seemed  ill  contented  with  his  allotment;  yet  he  did  not  oppose 

the  SlierifT,  when   he  gave  possession   to  the   undertakers   of  lands   whereof  himself  was  then 

possessed;  but  affinned  he  would  forthwith  pass  into  England,  and  there  become  a  suitor  for 

better   conditions  (66).     But  when  we  came  to  Tyrone  and  Ardmagh,  where  we  expected  least 

contra4liction,  because  the  best  of  the  natives  there  had  not  any  colour  or  shadow  of  title  to  any 

land  ixi  those  countries,  the  same  being  clearly  and  wholly  come  to  the  Crown  by  the  attainder  of 

Tyrone  and  others ;  yet  divers  of  Tyrone's  horsemen,  namely  the  O'Quins  and  Hagans,  because 

they  liad  good  stock  of  cattle,  the  commissioners  distributed  portions  of  land,  such  as  the  scope 

assigned  to  the  natives  of  that  county  aflTorded,  refused  to  accept  the  same  from  his  Majesty ; 

yielding  this  reason  of  their  refusal  that  they  would  rather  choose  to  be  tenants  at  will  to  the 


linds  assigned  for  corporate  towns  and  free  schools.  The 
said  servitors  and  natives  to  have  and  to  hold  the  said 
pntioQs  to  them  and  their  heirs  forever,  free  from  all 
Rots,  heaves,  cutting,  &c.  [only  the  two  widow  ladies 
^fcwwuuned  were  free  from  rents],  on  observing  the 
vtides  and  conditions  of  plantation.  .  .  .  All  the 
■habitants  of  the  precincts  of  Lyffer,  Portlagh,  and  Boy- 
1^  and  of  the  4,000  acres  assigned  to  the  College  (ex- 
cqit  the  inhabitants  of  the  town  of  Ballashannon  and 
Ij^i  tenants  of  bishops',  abbey,  and  termon  glands)  or 
^^  the  King's  patentees,  whose  grants  are  now  in  force 
(if  any  be)  who  are  to  produce  their  letters  patent,  do  pre- 
pBe  theinselves  clearly  to  avoid  [cease  to  occupy]  tneir 
•*o»l  possessions  within  the  said  precincts  of  Lyffer, 
^itlqgh^  and  Boylagh,  and  the  lanas  assigned  the  col- 
^^  and  leave  the  same  to  the  English  and  Scottish 
J^iilertakers,  and  to  the  said  collie,  to  whom  the  King 
*■*  pvAcd  the  same.  And  if  they  [the  natives]  will  at- 
^  OS  to  receive  their  new  proportions  and  allotments, 
^  shall  have  the  same  assigned  in  such  convenient 
2jc  as  they  may  thereupon  begin  their  planting  and 
P^ghiM[  for  the  next  season  ;  and  receive  several  parli- 
•"^  of  the  quarters  by  name,  in  the  precincts  of  Doe 
•*J  Fawnctt,  whereupon  every  person  shall  be  placed,  to 
the  end  they  may  pass  the  same  by  letters  patent  and 
possess  the  same  accordingly." 

(65)'  Assigmd  unio  them — The  inhabitants   of  t'er- 

^J^igh  had  been  long  distinguished  for  the  placidity  of 

their  characters,  of  which  Davys  himself  was  aware  (see 

P*  III),  and,  even  under  the  the  aggravating  circumstances 

^^  described,  they  appear  to  have  avoided  any  special 

^ibition  of  temper.     Only  four  years  previously,  he 

*id  his  employers  professed  the  tenderest  care  over  the 

iotovsts  of  tnese  inhabitants  of  Fermanagh.     The  native 

chie6,  however,  were  then  to  be  dealt  with,  and  nothing 

eoald  exceed  the  apparent  anxiety  of  the  planters  to  pro- 


tect the  humbler  freeholders  in  their  rightful  claims.  In 
1606,  Davys,  after  a  visit  to  Fermanagh,  wrote  to  Salis« 
bury  at  great  length,  stating,  amon£^  other  matters,  that 
**  forasmuch  as  the  greatest  part  of  the  inhabitants  of  that 
coimtry  did  claim  to  be  freeholders  of  their  several  pos« 
sessions,  who,  surviving  the  late  rebellion,  had  never  been 
attainted,  but  having  received  his  Majesty's  pardon, 
stood  upright  in  law,  so  as  we  could  not  clearly  intitle 
the  Crown  to  their  lands,  except  it  were  in  point  of  con- 
quest, a  title  which  the  State  here  hath  not  at  any  time 
taken  hold  of  for  the  King  against  the  Irish,  which  upon 
the  conquest  were  not  dispossessed  of  their  lands,  but 
were  permitted  to  die,  seized  thereof  in  the  King's  al- 
leopance. "  Indeed,  the  only  parties,  besides  the  Maguire 
chiefs,  whom  the  deputy  and  his  associates  were  then 
[1606]  inclined  to  depress,  were  those  described  by  Davys 
in  the  following  terms  : — **  Concerning  the  free  lands 
of  the  third  kind,  viz.,  such  lands  as  are  possessed  by 
the  Irish  officers  of  this  countr}'  [Fermanagh],  viz., 
chroniclers,  galloglasscs,  and  rimers  ;  the  entire  quantity 
of  it  [the  free  land]  laid  together,  as  it  is  scattered  in 
several  baronies,  doth  well  nigh  make  two  ballibetaghs, 
and  no  more  ;  which  land  in  respect  of  the  persons  that 
merit  no  respect,  but  rather  discountenance  from  the 
State,  for  they  are  enemies  to  the  English  Government, 
may  perhaps  be  thought  meet  to  be  added  to  the  demesne 
lands  of  the  chief  Lords."  See  Historical  Tracts^  pp. 
243,  257. 

(66).  Better  conditions. — We  know  not  whether  Connor 
Rqp  ever  undertook  such  an  excursion  as  Davys  here  in- 
dicates, but  we  shall  see  that  he  was  obliged  to  be  con- 
tent with  even  much  less  than  a  barony.  He  was  another 
illustration  of  the  disappointed  people  who  had  earlv 
joined  the  English,  and  were  at  last  thrown  aside  with 
very  scant  rewards  for  their  services. 


230 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


servitors  or  others  who  had  competent  quantities  of  land  to  receive  them,  than  to  be  fireehol 
his  Majesty  of  such  small  parcels,  for  which  they  should  be  compelled  to  serve  in  juries,  an* 
double  the  yearly  value  thereof  at  assizes  and  sessions  (67) ;  wherein  he,  for  his  part,  easily 
thera,  for  all  the  Irish  (the  chief  lords  excepted),  desire  naturally  to  be  followers,  and  can 
without  a  master,  and  for  the  most  part  they  love  every  master  alike,  so  he  be  present  to 
and  defend  them.  And,  therefore,  he  is  of  opinion  that,  if  they  were  once  settled  under  the 
(see  pp.  206-209)  or  others  who  may  receive  Irish  tenants,  they  would  follow  them  as  y^ 
and  rest  as  well  contented  under  their  wings,  as  young  pheasants  do  under  the  wings  of 
hen,  though  she  be  not  their  natural  mother ;  and  though  the  transplantation  be  distasteful 
(as  all  changes  and  innovations  are  at  first  unpleasant),  yet  they  [the  commissioners,  o: 
Davys,  as  their  exponent],  hope  that  when  they  are  once  seated  in  their  new  habitations,  tl 
like  the  new  soil,  as  well  as  prove  better  themselves,  like  some  trees  which  bear  but  harsh  a 
fruit  in  the  place  where  they  naturally  grow,  but  being  transplanted  and  removed,  like  the 
better,  and  yield  pleasanter  and  sweeter  fruit  than  they  did  before  (68).  Thus  much  concen 
natives.  Touching  the  servitors — though  the  last  year,  none  but  my  Lord  Audelay  (see  pp. 
136)  would  undertake  any  land  according  to  the  articles  published  in  print,  yet  now  there 
many  competitors  for  the  land  assigned  to  servitors,  that  it  was  not  possible  for  the  commissi< 
give  contentment  to  all ;  and  therefore  many  of  them  returned  home  unsatisfied.  Such  as  h 
tions  allotted  to  them  are  men'of  merit  and  ability,  and  for  the  most  part  such  as  have  set  up  tl 
in  Ulster.  For  the  rest,  who  returned  without  portions,  my  Lord  Deputy  has  given  them  son 
that  they  may  be  provided  for,  either  by  placing  them  upon  the  lands  granted  to  the  city  of  I 


(67).  Assims  and  sessions,  —  These  O 'Quins  and 
O'Hagans  had  been  steady  adherents  of  the  Earl  of 
Tyrone,  and  could  not,  so  easily  as  some  others,  bring 
themselves  to  accept  the  new  order  of  things  then  intro- 
duced. They  had  followed  their  creaghting,  though  not 
to  the  neglect  of  their  crops ;  and  consulted  their  Brehons 
without  much  exciting  the  jealousies  of  sheriffs  in  Tyrone 
and  Armagh.  From  the  time  of  0*Neiirs  surrender  in 
1602,  untU  his  flight,  with  O'Donnell,  in  1607,  these 
septs  had  evidently  been  among  the  leading  cultivators  of 
the  soil,  especially  in  Tyrone.  At  the  latter  crisis  thev 
appear  to  have  been  bewildered  for  a  time  by  the  **  flight, 
but  continued  their  agricultural  pursuits.  Sir  Thomas 
Phillips,  on  first  hearing  of  that  event,  made  ^n  excursion 
from  Coleraine,  along  the  wooded  ways  of  Lough  inshollin, 
as  far  as  Dungannon.  In  a  letter  to  Salisbury,  dated  Sept. 
22,  1607,  he  refers  to  this  journey,  and  expresses  his  sur- 
prise on  witnessing  the  improved  condition  of  that  district 
even  during  the  short  interval  above-mentioned.  '  'Thought 
good,"  says  he,  **for  securing  of  the  people  to  go  from 
Coleraine  as  far  as  Dungannon,  and  going  through  the 
country  the  people  met  him,  and  were  all  amazed  and 
ready  to  forsake  their  houses.  Gave  them  the  best  counsel 
he  could,  which  they  promised  to  take,  but  there  is  no 
trust  in  them.  The  Lord  Deputy  has  since  sent  them  a 
proclamation  which  could  not  but  satisfy  them,  if  they 
were  good  subjects ;  they  now  begin  to  grow  rich,  so  that 
for  the  most  part  during  peace  they  increase  very  fast  in 


cattle,  and  this  year  they  have  great  plenhr  of  00 
passed  through  the  fastest  country  in  Tirone,  1 
did  not  expect  to  have  seen  so  much  com." 
these  0*Quins  and  0*Hagans  had  lots  ik  cttti 
which  induced  the  commissioners  to  offer  a  few 
small  patches  of  freehold,  but  the  small  fredioU 
expected,  as  jurors,  to  do  the  work  of  the  Cover 
assizes  and  sessions,  and  these  clansmen  ndth 
the  trouble,  nor  the  expense,  nor  the  policy  this 
from  them;  they  therefore  declined  the  profie 
DavjTS  ^jegiously  misrepresented  them  when  he 
that  theywere  indifferent  as  to  what  mister th 
serve.  These  septs  were  only  too  sensitive  00 
point  for  their  own  interests,  preferring  to  ti 
chance  as  tenants-at-will  rather  than  place  tl 
under  any  obligations  to  do  the  work  ai  the  < 
party. 

(68).  Did  befort, — Davys  was  evidently  pro« 
figure  of  speech,  for  he  introduces  it  again  in  I 
letter  to  Salisbury,  which  was  written  only  a  li 
after.  In  that  second  letter  he  informs  SaUsbai 
had  told  the  Irish  of  Ulster  that  the  Kii«,  ii 
their  removal  from  their  houses  and  lands*  tnos ' 
the  skilful  husbandman,  who  doth  remove  his  I 
not  with  a  purpose  to  extirpate  and  destror 
that  they  may  bring  better  and  tweeter  fnut 
transplantation." — IRsiorkai  Jlracts^  ^  aS^* 


RESULTS   AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


231 


in  the  Glinnes  of  Tyrone,  or  upon  the  Bishops'  lands,  at  easy  rents,  or  by  some  other  means  which 
may  arise  before  the  plantation  be  accomplished.  Touching  the  British  undertakers,  the  greatest 
auiiil>cr  of  them  are  come  over,  and  have  presented  themselves  to  the  commissioners,  and  have 
;ecei  ved  T^-arrants  for  their  possession  and  for  timber  (69),  and  are  now  providing  materials  for  their 
^uilciings  against  the  next  spring." 

VII. 

Among  the  various  warrants  issued  by  the  deputy  at  that  crisis  in  Ulster,  one  was  intended  to 

mitigate  a  very  serious  e\-il  or  grievance    inflicted  on  the  natives  by  the  hasty  and  oppressive 

legislation  which  had  suddenly  abolished  their  ancient  usages  and  laws.     This  grievance  presented 

itself  in  such  a  palpable  form  that  the  new  legislators  were  unable  to  ignore  it     It  so  happened 

that  several  heads  of  Irish  septs  or  families  to  whom  the  commissioners  had  granted  *  proportions,' 

were  wholly  destitute  of  the  cattle  required  to  stock  their  lands,  whilst  the  humblest  members  of 

their  septs  who  got  no  lands,  not  even  the  smallest  patches  of  freehold,  had  cattle  in  their  possession 

wluch  they  could  not  feed,  and  which,  therefore,  they  were  daily  driving  off  to  distant  places  for  sale. 

How  was  this  ?    The  question  is  not  difficult  to  explain,  but  the  English  appear  to  have  known  little 

or  nothing  of  the  cause  until  the  emergency  actually  forced  itself  upon  their  attention.     Although 

Irish  chiefs  and  the  heads  of  creaghts  (70)  had  the  superintendence  of  the  lands  belonging  to  their 

several  tribes  or  clans,  their  personal  property  invariably  consisted  of  cattle,  which  they  hired  out, 

on  conditions  strictly  defined  in  their  Brehon  laws,  to  such  members  of  the  clans  as  had  few  or  often 

no  cattle  of  their  own,  for  the  purposes  of  farming  or  tillage.     This  arrangement,  known  as  Commyns^ 


(69}.  Ftr  timber, — The  following  is  the  form  of  the 
^orrmufor  Timber  issued  in  each  county  by  the  deputy 
•nd  commissioners  : — **  We  wiU  and  requii^  you,  ac- 
cording to  a  former  general  warrant  to  you  directed,  to 

•s»«n  and  mark  out  unto ,  undertaker  of  the 

foJl  portion  of ,  in  the  precinct  of , 

^  the  county  of ,  or  to  his  assigns,  the  number 

^rftwohnndred  good  oaks  of  several  sizes,  and  of  growth 
^offioQit  to  make  timber  for  building  upon  the  small 
proportion,  growing  either  within  that  county,  or  else 
'•Pon  any  the  escheated  lands  in  the  province  of  Ulster, 
TiQg  nearest  unto  the  premises,  and  most  convenient  to 
beamed  and  transported  thither  by  land  or  by  water  at 
*^  election  of  the  patentee,  there  to  be  expended  in 
^^nictves  or  buildings  according  to  the  covenants  in  that 
''dajf;  and  for  so  doing  this  shall  be  your  warrant, 
^^j'tt  at  the  camp  near  Dunganon  the  3rd  of  September, 
'^10.  Addressed  to  the  commissioners  generally  ap- 
pomted  for  the  assignation  of  timber  to  the  undertakers 
^ the  escheated  lan£  in  Ulster.'* 

(70).  Heads  of  creaghts, — The  person  designated  as  head 

rft  creaght,  in  the  Irish  State  Papers  of  the  seventeenth 

«»tary,  was  known  to  the  Brehon  laws  as  a  Ba-Aire, 

iitaally  a  'cow-nobleman,'  from  the  circumstance  of  his 

iaving  raised  himself  to  a  certain  rank  by  his  wealth, 

vbich  consisted  in  the  accumulation  of  ^reat  numbers  of 

dtttle:    The  Bo- Aire,  from  being  originally  a  peasant,  and 

icquainted  with  peasant  wants  and  ways,  generally  became 


more  popular  than  the  legitimate  chief  of  the  sept  himself, 
and  was  often  better  able  to  place  his  cattle  with  such  clans- 
men, and  on  such  terms,  as  secured  forhim  not  only  safer  but 
more  remunerative  investments.  Thus,  it  happened  then 
as  now,  and  as  it  ever  will,  that  the  accumulation  of 
wealth  was  the  certain  path -to  nobility  of  rank  in  ancient 
Ireland,  if  not  immediately  for  the  accumulator,  at  least 
for  some  of  his  posterity.  Even  the  distinction  of  chief- 
tainship was  thus  frequently  won.  **  Whilst  the  Brehon 
laws,"  says  Sir  Henry  Maine,  "suggest  that  the  possession 
of  personal  wealth  is  a  condition  of  the  maintenance  of 
chieftainship,  they  show,  with  much  distinctness,  that 
through  the  acquisition  of  such  wealth  the  road  was 
always  open  to  chieftainship.  We  are  not  altogeti^er 
without  knowledge  that  in  some  European  societies  the 
humble  freeman  might  be  raised  by  wealth  to  the  position 
which  afterwards  became  modem  nobility.  One  fact, 
among  the  very  few  which  are  tolerably  well  ascertained, 
respecting  the  specific  origin  of  particular  modem  aris- 
tocracies is,  that  a  portion  of  the  Danish  nobility  were 
originally  peasants ;  and  there  are  in  the  early  English 
laws  some  traces  of  a  process  by  which  a  Ceorl  might 
become  a  Thane.  These  might  be  facts  standing  by 
themselves,  and  undoubtedly  there  is  strong  reason  to 
suspect  that  the  commencements  of  aristocracy  were 
multifold ;  but  the  Brehon  Tracts  point  out  in  several 
places,  with  legal  minuteness,  the  mode  in  which  a 
peasant  freeman  in  ancient  Ireland  could  become  a  chief.*' 
Eaiiy  History  of  Institutions,  p.  135. 


232 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


was  of  mutual  advantage,  for  whilst  the  want  of  capital  or  cows  was  the  difficulty  with  the  cb 
want  of  pasturage  for  his  herds  was  the  difficulty  with  the  chief.  But  whilst  the  native  ow 
cattle  had  thus  their  flocks  hired  out  at  interest,  the  break  up  or  abolition  of  the  whole 
suddenly  came,  preventing  both  the  owners  and  receivers  from  making  good  their  contn 
robbing  the  one  class  of  their  cows  and  the  other  of  their  lands.  The  clansmen,  however,  i 
cases  from  necessity,  and  occasionally  from  dishonesty,  took  advantage  of  their  chieftain's 
tunes,  retaining  possession  of  the  cows,  to  which  they  had  no  just  claim,  on  the  plea  that  the 
had  not  fulfilled  their  contract,  although  it  was  generally  impossible  for  them  to  do  so. 

Under  these  circumstances,  the  deputy  and  commissioners  of  plantation  issued  the  fc 
*  Warrant  for  Comynes,'  from  their  camp  near  *  Lamavady,'  on  the  28th  of  August,  i 
"Whereas  divers  complaints  have  been  exhibited  to  us  by  inhabitants  of  the  county  of  T[in 
restitution  of  goods  and  chattels  heretofore  given  and  taken  by  way  of  Com)mes,  and  the  Iris) 
upon  depending,  from  which  they  have  been  heretofore  by  law  and  proclamations  sufficiently  it 
as  unlawful  and  inconvenient :  Forasmuch  as  upon  these  new  alterations  of  estates,  transmi 
of  tenants,  and  straightening  of  possessions,  we  foresee  the  matter  of  com)mes  is  like  to  c 
general  question,  and  hath  in  it  many  colours  of  right  and  equity,  if  not  for  performance  oi 
conditions  mutually  agreed  on  between  the  parties,  yet  for  restitution  of  the  goods  and  chal 
given,  and  of  a  great  part  of  the  increase  thereof  withal ;  since  the  reason  and  causes  of  that 
(71)  must  henceforth  cease  of  necessity,  we  have  thought  good  for  remedy  and  redress  to  n 
same  to  your  special  considerations,  hereby  requiring  and  authorising  you  to  hear  and  deten 
all  and  every  such  causes  and  complaints  which  shall  from  henceforth  be  brought  befoi 
considering  and  well  weighing  with  yourselves  that  the  best  part  of  the  estates  and  livelihc 
many  poor  gentlemen,  who  have  hitherto  been  owners  of  lands  or  heads  of  creats,  must  hen 


(71).  OfthiU  custom, — Chichesterand  the  commissioners 
no  doubt  regarded  the  Irish  custom  of  ^ving  and  taking 
"by  way  of  comynes"  as  an  especially  inconvenient  and 
absurd  transaction ;  but  this  custom,  as  practised  at  an 
early  period  throughout  European  countries  generally, 
was  one  of  the  sources  of  feudalism  itself  which  became 
afterwards  so  widely  adopted,  and  in  the  spirit  of  which 
so  many  would  yet  delight  to  live.  This  '  way  of  Comynes,' 
as  the  State  Paper  above  expressed  it,  is  known  in  Euro- 
pean history  as  y^^  practice  of  Commendation  by  which  a 
man  placed  himself  under  the  personal  care  of  a  powerful 
lord,  but  without  surrendering  either  his  status  or  estate. 
This  custom,  so  mysterious  in  its  ori^n,  is  supposed  to  be 
now  better  understood  since  the  pubhcation  of  the  Brehon 
laws.     "I  do  not  wish,"  says  Sir  Henry  S.  Maine,  **to 

Sineralise  unduly  from  the  new  information  furnished  by 
e  Brehon  law,  but  there  has  been  a  suspicion  (I  cannot 
call  it  more),  among  learned  men  that  Celtic  usages  would 
throw  some  light  on  Commendation,  and  at  any  rate, 
amid  the  dearth  of  our  materials,  any  addition  to  them 
from  an  authentic  source  is  of  value.  .  .  The  land  of 
the  tribe,  whether  cultivated  or  waste,  belongs  to  the 
tribe,  and  that  is  true,  whether  the  tribe  be  a  joint  family 
of  kinsmen,  or  a  larger  and  more  artificial  asiemblage. 
Every  considerable  tribe  [or  dan],    and  almost  every 


smaller  body  of  men  contained  in  it,  is  onder 
whether  he  be  one  of  the  many  tribal  mlos  wl 
Irish  records  call  kings,  or  whether  he  be  one  ' 
heads  of  joint-families  whom  the  Anglo-Irish  law 
a  later  date,   called  Cafita  Cognatiammm.    Hi 
military  leader  of  his  tnbesmen,  and  probably, 
capacity,  he  has  acquired  ^preat  wealth  m  cattle, 
somehow  become  of  great  miportance  to  hun  ton 
portions  of  his  herds  among  the  tribesmen,  ana 
their  part  find  themselves,  through  stress  of  curauB 
in  pressing  need  of  cattle.     Thus  the  chidb  appa 
Brehon  law  as  perpetually  'giving  stock*  and  the  tc 
as  receiving  it.     The  remarkable  thiiig  is,  that  as 
practice  grew,  not  only  the  familiar  incidents  ol 
ship,  such  as  the  right  to  rent  and  the  liability  ti 
together  with  some  other  incidents  less  ploisantly 
to  the  student  of  Irish  history,  but,  atxive  aM 
these,  nearly  all  the  well-known  inddents  of  fendal 
It  is  by  takmg  stock  that  the  free  Irish  tribesima 
the  Ceil  or  Kyle,  the  vassal  or  man  of  his  chid 
him  not  only  rent  but  service  and  homi^ge.    T 
effects  of  commendation  are  thus  prodaoed*  «k 
teresting  drcumstance  is,  that  they  are  prodaoti 
simple  and  intelligible  oMtive.**    iarfy  HiMtmy 
imtioHs,  pp.  156-15S. 


RESULTS   AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


233 


consist  of  their  own  proper  goods,  contrary  to  the  customs  heretofore  had  and  used  in  those  parts ; 
and  that  the  meanest  persons,  their  undertenants  and  followers,  have  by  their  customs  of  comyncs 
gotten  into  their  hands  the  greatest  part  of  those  goods  and  chattels  [cows]  and  are,  therefore,  in 
fiur  l>etter  estate  than  their  landlords,  except  there  be  restitution  made  of  some  just  portion  thereof 
to  him  or  them  from  whom  the  same  have  been  received  by  way  of  comynes.  And  we  further 
Tatify  and  confirm  whatsoever  you  shall  order  and  determine  between  party  and  party,  in  that 
behalf,  according  to  the  instructions  hereto  annexed ;  and  we  require  the  sheriff  of  that  county  to 
pat  the  same  in  due  execution. 

"Addressed  to  the  commissioners  appointed  to  determine  matters  of  comynes  in  the  county 

The  following  are  the  '  Instructions'  promised  in  the  foregoing  Warrant ; — "Before  you  deter- 
mine any  matters  of  Comynes  between  party  and  party,  you  are  seriously  and  diligently  to  consider 
ftc  points  hereafter  following.     What  comynes  have  been  given  and  taken,  and  upon  what  cause 
*nd  consideration.    What  service  and  duty  the  receivers  have  done  unto  the  donors,  either  by  nursing 
or  bringing  up  their  children  (72),  or  otherwise.    Secondly,  how  the  landlords  [heads  of  septs,  heads 
of  creaghts]  have  used  the  said  receivers,  and  whether  they  have  taken  from  them  the  said  comynes 
^hin  one,  two,  or  three  years  as  they  were  accustomed,  or  have  otherwise  used  them  hardly  by 
^^ying  excessive  exactions  upon  them.     In  such  a  case  you  are  to  have  care  of  the  receiver  that 
Wi  been  so  dealt  withal,  that  you  leave  him  a  competent  means  of  livelihood,  allowing  the  donor 
a  reasonable  portion  of  goods  in  lieu  of  that  which  he  hath  given.     Provided  that  you  intermeddle 
^with  any  comynes  given  above  or  before  twe'nty  years  last  past  before  the  date  hereof;  and  if 
J^find  that  the  challenges  of  any  [donor]  will  grow  too  great  within  the  compass  of  that  limitation, 
ton  you  are  to  moderate  the  same  as  you  shall  think  fit  in  your  discretions,  so  as  the  receiver  be 
W  impoverished,  and  that  the  donor  be  thereby  enabled  to  settle  himself  upon  such  a  portion  of 
to  escheated  lands  as  was  allotted  to  him  upon  the  last  decision." 

The  object  of  the  English  act  in  abolishing  this  custom  was  to  take  away  all  influence  and 
Vttiuxity  from  the  heads  of  Irish  clans  among  their  own  people,  and  the  knowledge  of  this  fact  soon 
^t&dened  the  clansmen  careless,  and  even  in  some  cases  dishonourable,  in  dealing  with  their  fallen 
^Uefc   It  is  quite  evident  that  the  commissioners,  with  Chichester  to  inspire  them,  drew  up  the  fore- 


(72).  Their  children. — ^The  allusion  here  is  to  the  very 

'Bcie&t  custom  oi  fosterage  which  existed  among  all  Celtic 

^'^^  tnd  in  which  cattle  occupied  a  prominent  place. 

^Idien  were  never  sent  to  foster  without  an  accompany- 

«K  nmnher  of  cattle,  greater  or  less,  according  to  the 

fannitfances  and  position  of  the  persons  concerned.  The 

-  BrehoD  laws  contain  the  most  minute  directions  and  regu- 

Witt  respecting  the  food,  education,  and  care  which 

feirter-children  were  to  receive  from  those  to  whom  they 

tttc  entnisted  ;   and  also   prescribe  the  penalties   for 

•^giect  or  dishonesty  on  the  part  of  the  fosterers.     To 

netvrt  the  children  of  tlie  chief  in  fosterage  was  always 

considered  a  high  honour  by  members  of  the  sept.     Very 

tDsny  Irish  chiefs,  With  whose  names  we  are  £miiliar^  haa 

tpithttt,  either  from  the  families  with  whom  they  fostered, 

£  I 


or  the  places  to  which  they  had  been  sent  in  youth  for 
this  purpose.  Thus,  Shane  O'Neill  was  known  as  Shane 
Donnilaugh,  from  having  fostered  with  a  family  of 
O'Donnellys;  Turlough  O'Neill  of  Strabane  was  called 
always  Turlough  Luineach^  fix>m  fostering  with  the 
O'Looneys ;  another  Turlough  O'Neill  was  nicknamed 
Brassilaghy  because  he  was  fostered  in  Clanbrassill ;  a 
well-known  chieftain  named  Brian  O'Neill  was  called 
Brian  Fagartach  from  being  fostered  in  Kinel-Fagartaigh, 
now  Kinelarty ;  and  Nial  O'Neill,  brother  of  Con  nrbt 
Earl  of  Tyrone,  was  known  as  Nial  Conallach,  because 
he  was  fostered  in  Tyrconnell.  For  illustrations  of  the 
customs  of  fosterage,  see  Hill's  Historical  Account  of  the 
Macdonnells  of  Antrim^  pp.  27,  33,  54. 


234  THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

going  'Instructions'  with  a  leaning  towards  the  'receivers/  notwithstanding  his  api>arent  sjrmpithf  ift 
Dublin  with  'the  gentlemen  of  the  north/  as  they  came  up  penniless,  rather  cow-less,  to  takt  OQt 
patents  for  their  several  proportions.     Among  the  most  melancholy  cases  afterwards  brought  bifiMt 
the  commissioners  were  those  of  Sir  Donnell  Ballagh  O'Cahan  and  Sir  Neill  Garve  O'Donndli 
being  immured  in  the  Tower,  had  no  means  of  defending  themselves  against  their  dishonest 
The  following  letter,  written  in  July,  1613,  from  the  council  in  London  to  Chichester,  will 
the  nature  of  these  cases : — "  The  wife  and  sister  of  Sir  Neale  O'Donell  and  Sir  Donel  O'Cahan  [die 
wife  of  Sir  Donnell  O'Cahan  and  sister  of  Sir  Neill  O'Donnell]  after  long  attendance  here,  are  00 
their  return  to  Ireland,  and  have  asked  of  them  for  some  means  to  carry  them  over,  for  they  com- 
plain that,  having  given  out  all  the  means  they  had  to  certain  tenants  of  theirs  in  the  nature  of 
'commins,'  according  to  the  custom  of  the  country,  the  same  is  now  refused  to  be  repaid  untotheoy 
as  by  the  enclosed  appears.     He  is,  therefore,  to  see  that  what  is  due  to  them  in  this  kind  may  be 
for  the  use  and  maintenance  of  these  women,  so  that  being  supplied  there  with  some  small  maia- 
tenance,  whereof  they  are  now  altogether  destitute,  they  may  forbear  to  make  any  further  repair  hither 
to  the  disquieting  the  said  knights,  prisoners  in  the  Tower,  or  be  any  further  trouble  to  them  **  [thc^ 
council  in  London].      What  a  lamentable  story  this  heartless  letter  reveals  I   **  These  women — ooi^ 
altogether  destitute" — ^were  the  daughters  of  Hugh  O'Neill  and  Sir  Conn  O'Donnell,  and  thu^ 
belonged  to  families  much  older,  and  infinitely  more  distinguished  than  those  to  which 
councillors  belonged.     One  of  "these  women"  was  the  sister  of  that  Niall  Garve  CDonneO 
whose  aid  the  English  had  won  Donegal,  and  to  whom  they  had  promised  the  chieflainqr  in 
event  of  their  success.    The  other  of  "these  women"  was  the  wife  of  that  gallant  and 
simpleton.  Sir  Donnell  Ballagh  O'Cahan,  by  whose  timely  surrender  and  assistance  the  EngUsk 
become  masters  of  Lough  Foyle,  promising  him,  for  his  services,  the  larger  part  of  his  own 
estates.     Yet  these  ignoble  English  earls  were  only  anxious  that  the  women  aforesaid  ihottltf 
be  prevented  in  future  from  troubling  them,  or  "  disquieting  the  said  knights"  in  their  gloomy  prim 
repose — more  terrible  than  death. 

It  would  appear  that  Chichester  had  taken  pains  to  look  into  these  cases»  for  not  taf 
afterwards  he  received  communications  from  the  'knights'  in  the  Tower,  thanking  him  for  hisUrf 
offices,  and  imploring  him  to  continue  them  for  the  protection  of  the  writers'  families.  The  ibflafiiV 
is  Sir  Donnell  O'Cahan's  letter,  enclosing  a  list  of  those  tenants  to  whom  he  had  given  cattle^  td 
addressed  "  To  the  Right  Honourable  the  Lord  Chichester,  these  be  with  speed  : 

"  Right  Hon. — My  humble  duty  always  remembered.  First,  most  humbly  ^fcanHug  jm 
honourable  good  Lordship  for  your  honourable  care  to  recover  my  commins  of  such  tenants  ofaitt 
as  I  gave  any  such  unto,  for  the  behoof  of  my  wife  and  children.  And,  as  I  commit  ny  mI 
wife  and  children  to  your  Lordship's  protection  for  righting  them,  both  of  my  tenants  aad  d 
others,  so  I  beseech  your  Lordship  to  give  your  warrant  that  this  gentleman,  Mr.  William  Lttsiier(7j^ 
may  speedily  recover  this  small  parcel  of  my  said  commins,  amounting  to  forty  po^mds  or 

(73).  William  Lush€r,—T\\\%  gentleman,  son  of  Sir      tion  ;  but  how  or  why  he  wii  iadooed  to  ksd 
Nicholas  Lusher,  was  an  undertaker  in  the  Ulster  planU-      Sir  Donnell  O'Cahan,  we  have  not  disoowed. 


J 


RESULTS   AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


235 


such  as  I  have  appointed  bemg,  with  much  more,  fairly  due  unto  me  by  them.  And  hereunto 
must  presume  the  more  importunately  to  b^  your  favour,  for  that  the  gentleman  has  most 
orteously  (even  upon  so  small  an  acquaintance)  furnished  my  present  extreme  want  As  for  the 
St  of  my  commins,  I  hereby  make  them  over  to  my  sons  Roger  [Rorie]  and  Donnell  (74),  saving 
ch  small  portions  as  I  myself  must  (from  time  to  time)  use  for  mine  own  wants,  and  so  make 
TT  unto  such  as  (like  this  gentleman)  here  furnish  me.     And  thus  most  humbly  taking  my  leave. 


DoNELL  X  O'Cahan. 
Gervase  Helwysse  (75). 


"Tower,  this  9th  of  October,  1613." 


"Hereunder  followeth  the  ten^tnts'  names  of  Sir  Donell  O'Cahan,  and  the  number  of  forty 
<alf  cows  imposed  upon  them  [placed  with  them]. 
Fardoragh  McBrien  O'Moilan 
Tomylin  McBrien  O'Moilan 
James  McBrien  O'Moilan 

Shan  buy  O'Moilan,  and  Gillaglass  O'Moilan,  and  his  sons 
Manus  McGillareinagh  O'Moilan ... 
Gilladuflr  Oge  O'Moilan 
Dermod  Oge  O'Donell  and  hi9  brethren 
Rnogher  O'Lenicke,  and  his  sons,  Patrick  McCrula  O'Moilan  and  his 

brethren,  Knogher  McGilljonana  and  his  sons 
Tonrxiagh  Balue  [Ballagh]  O'Cuicke  and  his  brethren 

The  following  is  Sir  Niall  Garve  O'Donnell's  letter,  having  the  same  address  as  the 
urging: — "All  due  compliments  first  most  humbly  remembered  unto  your  honourable  good 
^xndship.  It  is  not  unknown  to  your  Lordship  that  the  Irish  gentry  did  ever  make  their 
Ulowers'  purses  their  only  exchequer  (76).     And  I  beseech  your  Lc^dship  (now  anew)  to  take 


5 

cows. 

5 

cows. 

5 

cows. 

3 

cows. 

5 

cows. 

5 

cows. 

S 

cows. 

3 

5 

cows. 

2 

cows. 

ilA).  Roger  and  DonnelL — Roger  or  Rorie  was  after- 
^^  known  as  Rorie  Oge,  and  was  executed  in  161 5. 
l^wneD,  the  younger  brother,  went  to  the  continent, 
^'^  he  remained  until  1642,  when  he  returned  to 
j^dand  with  Owen  Roe  O'Neill,  and  was  slain  in  the 
"Jttle  of  Clones,  county  Monaghan.  This  Donnell 
yCahan  was  said  to  have  been  a  distinguished  scholar ; 
^  was  not  surprising  that  he  returned,  among  other  Irish 
^iks,  to  strike  in  revenge  for  the  fate  of  his  father  who 
^  died  in  the  Tower,  and  for  indi^ities  heaped  on  his 
9>o(her  who  had  been  ruthlessly  dnven  from  her  home 
vim  this  Donnell  was  but  a  child. 

(75).  Helwysse. — This  was  the  lieutenant  of  the  Tower, 
ee  notices  of  him  in  the  Calendar  of  State  Papers, 
tamcstic  series,  James  I.,  1611-1618. 

(76).  Only  exchequer, — This  term  is  rather  a  curious 
z  in  the  mouth  of  an  Irish  chief,  and  Sir  Niall  .Garve's 


use  of  it  shows  that  he  had  learned  at  least  something 
from  his  enemies.  In  this  application  of  it  he  was 
literally  correct,  for  the  Irish  nooility  and  gentrv  had  no 
wealth  except  their  cattle,  and  the  cattle  being  distributed 
all  around  as  '  stock'  among  the  clansmen,  the  latter  ab- 
solutely became  their  chieftain's  exchequer.  For  this 
reason  it  was  no  doubt  as  intricate  at  times  as  the  Kins*s 
exchequer  itself,  and  required  also  certain  officers  of  the 
household  for  its  management.  In  the  time  to  which  we 
are  referring,  and  for  many  years  subsequently,  the 
word  exchequer  was  used  to  denote  any  treasury,  public 
or  private.  As  an  illustration  we  may  quote  the  follow- 
ing sentence  from  one  of  the  celebrated  Dr.  South's  ser- 
mons : — "  It  is  wonderful  to  consider  how  a  call  to  the 
liberal,  either  on  a  civil  or  religious  account,  all  of  a 
sudden  impoverishes  the  rich,  breaks  the  merchant,  and 
shuts  up  every  private  man's  exchequer"  The  term  itself 
is  originally  derived  from   the  old   French  eschequier. 


236 


THE    PLANTATION    IN   ULSTER, 


notice  that  mine  ancestors  lefl  me  as  great  an  inheritance  (in  this  kind)  as  any  other  n 
unto  himself.  Of  which  stock,  as  I  never  employed  any  part,  so  I  can  {of  things  given  Sj 
unanswerably  claim  as  much  as  any  Ulcestrian  whatsoever  (77).  My  humble  suit,  theref< 
your  honourable  and  good  Lordship  is,  that  as  your  honour  has  restored  their  commi 
others,  so  you  would  (as  well  of  your  Lordship's  own  favour,  as  upon  the  Lords  of  the 
here^  their  letter),  help  me  unto  my  commins  also.  Whereof,  as  I  have  made  over  the 
score  pounds  or  cows  unto  this  gentleman,  Mr.  William  Lusher,  in  consideration  of  monq 
most  courteously  lent  me  in  my  grievous  need,  so  I  beseech  your  Lordship  to  give  sucl: 
order  that  Mr.  Lusher  may  recover  them  speedily,  of  them  that  I  have  named  in  my  as 
unto  him,  being  such  as  owe  me  far  more.  But  as  for  that  and  the  rest  of  my  commins 
beseech  your  Lordship,  in  regard  of  them,  to  cause  my  tenants  (or,  if  need  be,  force  tl 
bring  up  my  children  to  school,  till  I  otherwise  dispose  of  my  commins  at  least  And  tl 
again  most  humbly  crave  your  Lordship's  good  favour."  O'Donnell's  signature  to  this  Ic 
*'  torn  off  by  accident,''  but  underneath  where  it  stood  is  that  of  Gervas$  Helwyu, 

"Tower,  this  9th  of  October,  16 13." 


denoting  a  chessboard,  or  'chequer- work/  and  because  a 
cover  of  that  particular  pattern  was  spread  over  the  table 
on  which  the  officers  of  the  King's  treasury  counted  out 
his  money,  and  submitted  their  accounts. 

(77).  Any  Ulcestrian  whatsoever, — Ulcestrian  is  rather 
a  curious  designation  for  an  Ulsterman  or  Ultonian,  and 
perhaps  we  have  here  the  only  instance  on  record  in 
which  it  has  been  soused.  Sir  NiallGarveO'Donnell might 
indeed  thus  truly  affirm  that  his  ancestors — the  chieftains 
of  Tirconnell — had  left  behind  them  in  their  generations 
as  great  wealth  in  the  shape  of  cattle  as  any  other  Ulster 
lords.  When  he  states  also  "that  of  which  stock  he  never 
had  employed  any  part,"  he  was  speaking  truly  enough, 
for  he  never  was  permitted  to  hold  the  cattle-treasures  of 
Tirconnell  as  chief  lord,  although  he  had  made  certain 
bold  attempts  to  seize  them.  It  would  have  been  but  an 
empty  pageant,  an  unprofitable  honour  for  an  Ulster 
chief  to  undergo  the  ceremony  of  inauguration,  had  he  not 
also  received  at  the  same  time  the  family  creaghts  or  herds 
of  cattle  which  always  existed  for,  and  were  vested  in,  the 
head  of  the  clan  or  tribe  for  the  time  being.  Sir  Niall 
Garve's  branch  of  the  family  had  been  set  aside  from  the 
chieftaincy  of  Tirconnell,  and  his  cousins  Hugh  Roe  and 
Rory  0*Donnell  reigned  in  his  stead.  Sir  Niall,  how* 
ever,  got  himself  inaugurated,  and  afterwards  seized  the 
family  cattle,  but  all  to  no  purpose,  for  the  English  who 
had  used  him,  afterwards  became  his  enemies.  Sir  Henry 
Docwra's  account  of  these  affairs  is  among  the  most  in- 
teresting passages  of  his  celebrated  '  Narration ;'  and  es- 
pecially so  in  the  light  of  Sir  Niall's  own  statements 
above  recorded.  The  strife  between  him  and  Rorie 
0*I)onnell  (afterwards  Earl  of  Tirconnell),  and  particu- 
larly about  f>ossession  of  the  creaghts,  is  told  as  follows : 
— •*  Now  it  fell  out  that  my  lord  [Mountjoy]  wrote  for 
Rorie  O'Donnell  to  come  to  him  in  Dublin.  Hee  l>eiiig 
ia  Connaught  desires  first  to  putt  over  his  Catle  into 
Tirconnell,  which  would  otherwise  be  in  danger  in  his 


absence  to  be  preyed  by  those  of  that  proTiace 
stood  out  in  Rebellion ;  my  lord  gives  him  I 
writes  to  Neale  Garvie  that  hee  shall  not'  n 
trouble  them  [the  cattle],  and  soe  Roaiy  takes  b 
[to  Dublin].  Hee  was  noe  sooner  gone^  and 
putt  over.  But  Neale  Garvie,  notwithstanding 
command,  ceizes  them  as  his  owne,  under  pic 
were  the  Goods  of  the  countrey  belonging  not 
rightful  chief].  ...  I  asked  him  why  he 
to  my  lord  all  this  while  [Nial  having  been  1 
three  months  l>efore  to  answer  for  his  conduct^ 
unto  mee  sooner,  nor  restored  Rorie  0*Dood 
liis  aunswere  was  this  :  You  knowe  the  whole 
of  Tirconnell  was  long  since  promised  mee,  t 
services  I  have  done  that  I  think  have  deserved 
sawe  I  was  neglected,  and  therefore  I  have  ri| 
selfe  by  takeing  the  Catle,  and  People,  thai 
owne  ;  now  by  this  means  the  countrey  is  sore  \ 
and  if  I  have  done  anything  amisse  lett  all  be 
that  is  past,  and  from  this  day  forward,  by  Jesa 
will  be  true  to  the  Queene,  and  noe  man's  COoa 
follow  but  jrours.  You  take  a  wrong  coarse^ 
may  not  goe  thus,  the  first  acte  you  most  doe  ti 
forgiveness  for  your  faults  (if  it  may  be)  b  to  mal 
tion  of  the  Catle  ;  if  you  doe  it  not  of  yonr  owi 
I  knowe  you  will  be  forced  unto  it  upon  hard 
tions.  Yet  at  that  time  nothing  I  could  say  n 
vail  with  him.  ...  I  was  not  deceived  in 
gecture,  and  soe  by  that  time  I  had  writt  the 
made  ready  the  souldiers  to  goe  with  mee^  w 
over  Lough  Swilley  by  boate,  and  had  maidbe 
or  8  Mile,  I  mett  with  the  Newes  that  our  men 
taken  and  beate  him,  cot  possession  of  the  Co« 
hee  fought  for  and  de&ded  with  force  of  Atom 
as  he  was  able,  and  which  were  estimated  to 
7,000"  [head].  See  Miueliemy  of  Cdlsc  So 
266,  367,  269. 


RESULTS    AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


237 


20 

cows. 

10 

COIITS. 

6 

cows. 

2 

cows. 

6 

co^vs. 

4  cows. 


3 

2 


I 
I 


cows. 

cows. 

cow. 

cow. 

co^-s. 

cow. 

cow. 


"The  names  of  the  tenants  of  Sir  Neale  O'Donnell,  and  the  number  of  in-calf  cows  imposed 
them  [placed  with  them] : — 
Fargall  McTorrilagh  Oge  O'Galchur  [O'Gallagher] 
Hugh  buy  and  McFelimy  McCrane  Oge,  with  their  sons  and  tenants.., 
Dualtagh  Edmond  Oge  Mac  Ferganime  O'Galchur,  and  their  tenants. 
Shane  Crone  McDonagh  Grane  and  his  followers 
Hugh  McShane  Ballagh  and  his  brethren  and  followers  ... 
Fargal  McDonell  O'Galchur,  Torrilagh  Mergagh  McEdmond  Ballagh 

O'Galchur 
Murtagh   O'Dugan,   with  his  tenants,    that  is,    one   MacNial   Caul 

O'Karrolan,  with  the  rest,  and  Conchore  [Connor]  0*Dugun 
Donagh  M'Owen  O'Galchur,  and  James  MToell,  with  their  tenants  .., 
William  McNichole  O'Galchur    ... 

Donell  Crone  McGilliglasse,  and  Edmond  buy  McGilliglasse  O'Galchur 
Brian  OTaryran  [and]  Knoghanduff  OTaryran 
Manus  O' Boyle 
Rory  Ballagh  More  Knogher  Oge 

When  the  council  in  London  wrote  to  Chichester  on  the  31st  of  July,  they  enclosed  the 
fcSlowing  petition,  which  Lord  Northampton  had  received  from  O'Cahan  and  O'Donnell,  of  the 
tuae  date : — 

"Most  humbly  sheweth  unto  your  honourable  good  Lordship,  that  whereas  your  suppliants  in 
prosperity  did  give  out  all  the  means  that  ever  they  could  get  to  certain  tenants  of  theirs  in  the 
nture  of  commins,  to  be  repaid  the  same  in  their  wants,  so  it  is,  right  honourable,  that  the  said 
tenants  do  now  in  our  miseries  refuse  to  furnish  your  suppliants'  present  wants  for  their  sister  and 
wife.  But  a  certain  friend  doth  offer  to  lend  your  suppliants  some  money,  if  your  good  Lordship 
ttd  Mr.  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer  give  your  suppliants  a  letter  to  the  Lord  Deputy  for  the 
"Kovery  of  their  said  commins.  Your  suppliants,  therefore,  most  humbly  beseech  your  honourable 
flpoi  Lordship  to  grant  one  letter  to  this  effect  to  your  suppliants,  that  they  may  procure  some 
wwicy  wherewith  to  send  away  their  said  wonfen.  And  your  suppliants  shall  daily  pray  for  your 
I^xdship's  increase  in  all  happiness." 

"To  the  Right  Hon.  Henry  Earl  of  Northampton,  Lord  Privy  Seal" 

But,  perhaps,  among  the  most  acceptable  of  the  proclamations  issued  during  the  process  of 

P^g  the  undertakers  on  their  several  proportions,  was  that  which  announced  and  established  the 

Bare  liberal  conditions  of  plantation  granted  by  the  government.    These  improvements,  although  all 

itrc  partakers  therein,  more  particularly  concerned  the  servitors  and  natives,  and  to  them,  therefore, 

Ae  following  clauses  in  the  proclamation  had  special  interest : — *•  i.  Both  servitors  and  natives  shaU« 

kikve  absolute  freedom  from  payment  of  any  rent  for  the  space  of  four  years,  and  after  the  end  of 

foor  years,  the  natives  shall  yield  unto  the  King,  his  heirs  and  successors,  the  yearly  rent  of  10/. 

f  jf.  4d,  English,  for  every  proportion  of  land  containing  1,000  acres.     And  the  servitors  for  the 


238 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


like  proportion  shall,  after  the  said  term,  yield  iinto  the  King  the  yearly  rent  of  8/.  Englbh,  if  thejr 
shall  plant  with  Irish  tenants,  but  if  they  plant  with  English  and  Scottish,  they  shall  pay  only  5/ 
dr.  Sd,  for  every  1,000  acres,  as  the  English  and  Scottish  undertakers ;  and  so  rateably.     2.  Serviton 
and  natives  shall  hold  their  lands  in  free  and  common  soccage,  which  is  the  most  (avouiable 
tenure  (78).     3.  Servitors  and  natives  shall,  within  three  years  next  ensuing,  erect  upon  eveiy 
proportion  of  1,500  acres,    or   upwards,   one   house   of  stone  or  brick,   with  a  strong  bawn 
about  it,   and  draw  their  under-tenants  to   build   and  erect  villages  about  or  near  the  said 
principal  houses.      And  upon  every  proportion  of  1,000  acres  shall  build  one  strong  bawn, 
or  court,  of  brick  or  stone.     And  for  building  their  houses  they  shall  have  allowance  of  timber 
to  be  taken  upon  any  of  the  escheated  lands  in  Ulster,  within  two  years  next  ensuing  without  paying 
anything  for  the  same.     4.  Servitors  shall  take  the  oath  of  supremacy,  and  conform  themsdvet 
in  religion,  and  be  resident  upon  their  portions  for  five  years  next  ensuing,  or  appoint  such  other 
person  to  be  resident,  as  the  Lord  Deputy  shall  allow  (79).    Servitors  shall  also  enter  into  bonds  to 
perform  the  articles  of  plantation,  and  shall  take  out  their  letters  patent  by  the  end  of  Michaehnas 
term  [16 10].    Touching  the  natives,  they  shall  likewise,  before  the  end  of  Michaelmas  term  neit, 
take  out  letters  patent,  wherein  there  shall  be  a  proviso  of  forfeiture,  if  they  enter  into  actual 
rebellion." 

VIII. 

As  we  have  already  seen,  the  government  issued  a  warrant — solely,  it  was  supposed,  in  die 
interests  and  for  the  convenience  of  undertakers — pennitting  the  natives  to  remain  until  May^ 
161 1,  instead  of  ordering  their  removal  in  the  autunm  of  1610.     But  there  was  another 
besides  this  anxiety  to  promote  the  comforts  of  the  undertakers,  and  this  seeming 
towards  the  helpless  natives.    The  deputy  and  his  fellow-commissioners,  although  apparently 
decided  as  to  the  early  removal  of  the  Irish,  were  yet  not  by  any  means  uigent  for  their  inmu 


(78).  Favourable  tenure, — Seep.  81.  The  certain/y  of 
the  rent,  or  services,  to  be  rendered  by  the  grantee,  dis- 
tinguished socage  tenure  from  tenure  in  chivalry  or  by 
knight's  service  on  the  one  hand,  and  from  tenure  in  pure 
villenaee  by  arbitrary  services,  on  the  other.  Socage  was 
also  of  three  kinds, — socage  in  frank  tenure,  socage  in 
ancient  tenure,  and  socage  in  base  tenure.  The  second 
and  third  kinds  are  now  called  respectively  tenure  in 
ancient  demesne  and  copyhold  tenure.  The  first  kind  is 
called  free  and  common  socage  to  distinguish  it  from  the 
two  others,  though  the  term  socage  has  long  ceased  to  be 
applied  to  the  others, — socage,  and  free  and  common 
socage  meaning  one  and  the  same  tenure. 

(79).  Shall  ailow, — ^The  following  is  the  form  of  IVar- 
rant  for  Deputation^  as  it  was  called,  or  for  admitting  de- 
puties sent  by  undertakers  to  occupy  their  'proportions' 
until  they  could  be  present  themselves  : — "  Whereas  A 
B.,  undertaker  of  the  great  proportion  of  land  commonly 
called  £.,  in  the  barony  of  S.,  in  the  county  of  D.,  u 
with  sufficient  surety  entered  into  bond  of  two  [four] 
hundred  pounds  to  the  King  for  the  true  observation  and 


accomplishment  of  sundry  oonditioiis  of  the 
and  settlement  of  the  premises,  as  fay  the  sud  boMl 
maining  of  record  in  Ei^land  in  the  custody  of  tke 
missioners  for  Irish  causes,  or  the  King's  chief  Re 
brancer,inay  appear ;  and  as  in  pcrfonnance  of  oae  oT  lit 
articles  thereof,  which  concerns  the  residence  cf  MmmM 
[the  undertaker]  in  person,  or  of  some  other  worthy  mk 
sufficient  person  in  nis  stead,  upon  the  pfcmtiet  or  wmm 
part  thereof,  he  hath  presented  and  omned  unto  v  «e 
E.   D.,  gent.,  to  be  his  substitute,  resident 
from  the  Feast  of  St.  Michael  the  ArduuBgel  aeit 
ing,  for  and  during  the  space  of  5  months,  to  be 
wards  fully  ended,  within  which  time  he  b  to  do  hiital 
endeavour  for  the  performance  of  t^  conditions  WftHl^ 
for  his  part  of  the  plantation.     We  have  thoodhl  fl  ^ 
allow  and  accept  the  said  E.  D.  to  be  his  vAAnk  wk 
procurator  upon  or  about  the  premises,  herdij  vSlI 
and  commanding  the  said  E.  D.  to  be  still  mimiMiliw 
resident  on  or  about  the  premises  Ibc  the  time  •fc*>v|^ 
as  is  required  by  the  true  intent  and  "*^"SiTg  of  IkMJJ 
bond.     Given  at  the  camp  near  Dnqf^uMa,  the  Ji 
September,  idia" 


k 


RESULTS   AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


239 


departure.  It  deemed,  therefore,  that  their  presence  was  important  (at  least  fbr  a  time)  even  to  the 
Government  itself.  And  such  was,  indeed,  the  fact.  For,  on  the  flight  of  the  earls,  the  authorities, 
as  a  matter  of  course,  had  seized  on  these  noblemen's  lands  and  let  them  to  the  natives  at  sharp 
rents,  from  November,  1607  ;  collecting  also,  the  rent  from  the  May  preceding,  which  was  nearly 
due  at  the  time  of  their  departure.  It  would  appear  that  the  lands  were  let  to  November,  16 10, 
the  natives  being  bound  to  pay  rent  until  that  term,  and  the  government  quite  intent  on  receiving 
it  The  absence,  or  non-arrival  of  undertakers,  therefore,  in  the  summer  of  16 10,  suited  the 
Government  no  less  than  any  of  the  parties  concerned,  as  time  was  thus  given  to  collect  the  rents  up 
to  the  day,  and  to  make  arrangements  with  the  tenants  for  the  surrender  of  their  several  holdinp. 

The  lands  of  Tyrconnell  were  farmed  out  to  several  chief  tenants  whose  names  and  districts 

shall  be  afterwards  noticed ;  but  it  was  found  necessary  to  appoint  some  one  powerful  and  well 

known  servitor  to  superintend  the  management  of  O'NeiU's  lands,  which  lay  in  the  three  counties 

of  Armagh,  Tyrone,  and  Coleraine.     The  lot  fell  upon  Sir  Toby  Caulfield,  who  appears  to  have 

been  worthy  of  the  position,  and  whose  account  of  his  own  stewardship  at  the  end  of  three  years, 

is,  mdeed,  a  curious  record,  as  well  of  the  method  by  which  Irish  chiefs  or  lords  were  accustomed 

to  let  their  lands,  as  of  the  purposes  to  which  the  rents,  in  this  particular  case,  and  during  the  time 

specified,  were  applied.     This  account  also  helps  to  explain  the  clearing  process  then  so  important, 

tod  to  illustrate  the  state  of- the  province  in  its  transition  from  the  old  Celtic  ways  to  the  condition 

rf  'civility'  in  which   it  was  soon  about  to  settle  down.      For  these  objects  we  know  of  no 

niore  valuable  or  interesting  document,  and  as  such,  it  is  here  subjoined  in  extenso,  thus  forming 

put  and  parcel  in  the  true  story  of  Ulster  at  the  crisis  to  which  it  refers  : — 

**Tki  Collection  of  Tyron^s  Rents^from  his  flight  in  1607,  till  i  November^  1610,  when  the 
^^^  were  given  out  to  undertakers. 

"The  account  of  Sir  Tobias  Caulfield  for  three  and  a  half  years'  rents  of  the  Earl  of  Tyrone's 
forfeited  lands  in  the  counties  of  Armagh,  Tyrone,  and  Coleraine.  The  account  for  all  such  sums 
of  money  as  have  come  to  his  hands  for  all  manner  of  rents  payable  in  money,  corn,  and  other 
provisions  and  victuals  (80),  for  the  escheated  lands  fallen  to  his  Majesty,  by  the  attainder  of  the 


(80).  And  tdctuats.-^Rtnts  were  thus  paid  to  landlords 

it  a  Qudi  later  period  in  Scotland,  where  Highland  chiefs 

^border  lairas  reckoned  their  revenues,  not  in  money 

^  by  chamldrons  of  various  kinds  of  victuals.     Oatmeal, 

^ttse,  cdved  cows,  fat  cows,  coal,  lime,  wood,  honey, 

Wi,  wool,  poultry,  eggs,  butter,  &c.,  &c,  were  given 

PQoiIIy  as  rents  to  the  lords  of  the  soil.     Thus,  in  the 

Tttr  l6oc\  the  rental  of  the  Marquis  of  Huntley,  then  the 

^  potent  lord   in    Scotland,    included,   besides    the 

'silver  mail,'  or  money  rent,  the  following  items  under 

^bead  of  *ferme  victual,*  viz.,  3,816  bolls  of  meal,  436 

boUs  of  multure  beir,    108  bolls  of  oats,   83  bolls  of 

^tttom  victual,  167  marts  [fat  cattle],  483  sheep,   316 

ttibs,  167  grice  [young  pigs],  14  swine,  1,389  capons, 

^  geese,  3.23'  poultry,  700  chickens,   5,284  eggs,  4 

me  of  candles,  46*  stone  of  tallow,  34  leats  of  peats,  990 

^  of  linen,  94  stone  of  butter,  40  barrels  of  salmon,  8 

's  of  teind  victual,  two  stone  of  cheese,  and  30  kids. 

'  Chambers'  Dormstic  Annals  of  Scotland,  voL  i.,  p. 


315).  Even  so  late  as  the  year  171 7,  the  rentak  of  38 
estates  (forfeited  because  of  their  owners  joining  the 
Prince  Pretender)  were  found  to  be  greatly  composed  of 
payments  in  kind.  Thus,  the  Earl  of  Wintoun's  rents 
amounted  to  ;f3,393,  of  which  only  the  sum  of  ;^266  71. 
9^.  was  paid  in  money,  the  remainder  being  made  up  b^ 
barley,  oats,  straw,  capons,  hens,  coal,  and  salt.  The 
Earl  of  Southesk's  rents  amounted  to  ;f3,27i  loj.,  of 
which  more  than  two-thirds  was  paid  in  oatmeal,  swine^ 
and  poultry.  And  so  with  all  the  other  estates,  including 
those  of  Linlithgow,  Keir,  Panmure,  Wedderbum,  A3rton, 
Kil^'th,  Bannockbum,  East  Reston,  Mar,  Invemitie, 
Aucnintoul,  Bowhouse,  Nulthill,  Bowhill,  Lathrisk, 
Glenbervie,  Preston-Hall,  Woodend,  Faimey,  Nairn, 
Dumboog,  Fingask,  Nithsdale,  Kenmure,  Lagg,  Baldoon, 
Camwath,  Duntroon,  and  Drummond.  See  Charles's 
History  -of  TVansactions  in  Scotland,  &c.,  toL  i.,  pp. 

433"44«. 


240 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


traitor,  the  Earl  of  Tyrone  ;  as  also  for  the  growing  rents  of  the  said  lands  for  the  half-yea] 
at  Hallowtide,  1607,  left  untaken  up  by  the  said  traitor  at  the  time  of  his  flight ;  as  also 
growing  rents  of  the  said  lands  for  three  whole  years,  beginning  at  Hallowtide  aforesaid,  i6< 
ending  at  the  same  feast,  16 10  (from  which  the  said  Sir  Toby  hath  given  up  his  charge  of 
in  regard  the  said  escheated  lands  are  granted  away  from  his  Majesty  from  paying  any  rent 
years  then  next  ensuing  (81),  as  likewise  for  the  goods  of  the  said  traitor,  and  other  fugiti^ 
went  with  him,  and  for  a  fine  imposed  on  the  said  counties  of  Tyrone  and  Armagh,  for  reli< 
traitors  after  the  revolt  of  O'Dogherty,  which  was  levied  by  this  accountant  (82),  together  m 
issue  and  payment  of  part  thereof,  and  the  remainder  resting  in  this  accountant's  hands 
account  to  be  paid  to  his  Majesty's  use,  the  particulars  whereof  hereafter  ensue.     Before  the 
of  this  account  be  examined,  consideration  is  to  be  had  of  the  manner  of  the  charge  of  tho! 
rents  and  duties  which  are  as  follows  : — 

"First.  There  was  no  certain  portion  of  lands  let  by  the  traitor  T3nrone,  to  any  of  his 
that  paid  him  rent  Secondly,  Such  rents  as  he  reserved  were  paid  to  him  partly  in  mom 
partly  in  provisions  of  victuals,  as  oats^  oatmeal,  butter,  hogs,  and  mutton.  Thirdly.  The 
rents  that  were  so  reserved  were  chargeable  on  all  the  cows  that  were  milch,  or  in  calf,  which 
on  his  lands,  after  the  rate  of  1 2d,  a  quarter  the  year,  which  cows  were  to  be  numbered  bi 
in  the  year  by  Tyrone's  officers,  viz.,  at  May  and  Hallowtide ;  and  so  the  rents  were  levi 
taken  up  at  the  said  rate  for  all  the  cows  that  were  so  numbered ;  except  only  the  hea 
principal  men  of  the  creats  {^^)y  who,  in  regard  of  their  enabling  to  live  better  than  the  o 


(81).  N^ext  enstiing. — It  thus  appears  that  Caulfield 
prepared  his  account  after  certain  final  arrangements  had 
been  made  relative  to  the  plantation  settlement  The 
•dieme  did  not  originally  contemplate  for  the  undertaken 
so  long  an  exemption  from  rent  as  four  years,  but  after 
some  discussion  this  liberal  term  was  finally  conceded  by 
the  Government. 

(82).  This  accountant. — We  have  here  the  first,  and, 
indeed,  the  only  intimation  that  Sir  Toby  Caulfield  was 
the  collector  of  the  fines  imposed  on  the  inhabitants  of 
Tyrone  and  Armagh  on  the  occasion  above-mentioned. 
Cnichester  refers  to  this  matter  when  writing  to  the 
council  in  London,  on  the  5th  of  February,  1608-9,  as 
follows : — "By  reason  of  the  fine  of  1,000  marks  im- 
posed, as  they  [the  council]  have  heard,  upon  the 
northern  counties  (in  case  they  should  relieve  traitors 
among  them)  and  the  effectual  levying  of  some  small  part 
of  it,  where  it  is  requisite,  the  principal  rebels  are  dnven 
to  great  necessities  and  misery,  for  which  they  lie  close, 
and  intend  to  steal  up  into  some  of  these  parts,  where,  as 
he  is  informed,  they  have  friends  that  promise  to  secure 
them,  and  he  is  in  good  hope  to  catch  them  if  they  come." 

(83).  7 he  creats, — The  custom  of  creaghtinp,  tor  which 
the  English  in  Ireland  never  failed  to  reproach  and  abuse 
the  natives,  arose,  or  was  at  least  rendered  more  indis- 
pensable, by  the  ruthless  conduct  of  these  invaders  them- 
selves. Tlie  inhabitants  of  every  country  where  incur- 
sions from  foreign  enemies  were  frequently  expected,  re- 
quired, as  a  matter  of  vital  importance,  to  secure  the  pos- 
session of  their  cattle,  by  drivmg  them  into  places  of  con- 


cealment and  safety.  This  precaution  was  spa 
cessary  when  the  invaders,  as  in  the  case  of  the 
in  Ireland,  not  only  carried  off  every  descri; 
valuables,  but  finally  drove  the  cattle  from  tli^ 
compelling  the  latter  to  take  refuge  in  the  w« 
fastnesses  of  the  country.  The  people  were  tlM 
to  collect  their  cattle  into  large  herds,  and  to  mo 
with  them  wherever  they  could  be  best  snppl 
food,  as  well  as  most  out  of  the  spoileis'  reack 
expatiates  on  the  impolicy  of  the  English  in  th 
pelling  the  Irish  to  form  creaghts,  and  remove  the 
"  An^  as  the  best  policy,"  says  he,  "  was  not  < 
in  the  distribution  of^  the  conquered  lands,  s(v  m 
ceive,  that  the  first  adventurers,  intending  to  mil 
conquest  of  the  Irish,  were  deceived  in  their  sek 
the  nttest  places  for  their  plantation.  For  they  ii 
and  erected  their  castles  and  habitations  in  the  pi 
open  countries,  where  they  found  most  fruiUbl  1 
fitable  lands,  and  turned  the  Irish  into  the  wo 
mountains,  which,  as  they  were  proper  places  for 
and  thieves;  so  were  they  their  natural  casUei  an 
cations ;  thither  they  drove  their  prey  and  stealth 
they  lurked,  and  lay  in  wait  to  ao  mischief.  T 
places  they  kept  unknown  by  making  the  ways  ai 
thereunto  impassable ;  there  the^  kept  their  oe 
herds  of  cattle,  living  by  the  milk  of  the  cow, 
husbandrjr  or  tUlage  ;  there  they  increased  and  a 
unto  infinite  numbers,  by  promiscuous  generatiiM 
themselves ;  there  they  made  their  aasemMies  f 
spiracies  without  discoTexy;    bat  thqr  dtsoon 


RESULTS   AND   ARRANGEMENTS.  24 1 

Ljltitude  under  them,  whom  they  caused  willingly  to  pay  the  said  rents,  were  usually  allowed  a 

iirtli  part  of  the  whole  rents,  which  rise  to  300/.  Irish  the  year,  or  thereabouts,  which  they  detained 

I  their  own  hands  by  direction  from  the  Lord  Deputy,  and  so  was  never  received ;  and  for  the 

litter,  and  other  victualling  provisions,  they  were  only  paid  by  such  as  they  termed  horsemen, 

ailed  the  Quynnes,  Haugans,  and  Devlins,  which  were  rather  at  the  discretion  of  the  givers, 

rtio    strove  who  should  give  most   whereby  to  gain  Tyrone's  favour,   than  for  any  due  claim 

he  had  to  demand  the  same.     Fourthly,  All  the  cows  for  which  those  rents  are  to  be  levied  must  be 

counted  at  one  day  in  the  whole  country,  which  required  much  travel  and  labour,  and  many  men 

to  be  put  in  trust  with  that  account,  so  as  that  country  which  is  replenished  with  woods,  do  greatly 

advantage  the  tenants  that  are  to  pay  their  rents  to  rid  away  their  cows  from  that  reckoning ;  and 

also  to  such  overseers  to  be  corrupted  by  the  tenants  to  mitigate  their  rents  by  lessening  the  true 

number  of  their  cattle,  which  must  needs  be  conceived  they  will  all  endeavour  to  the  uttermost, 

being  men,  as  it  were,  without  conscience  and  of  poor  estate,  apt  to  be  corrupted  for  small  bribes, 

which  they  may  the  more  easily  do  in  regard  that  the  bordering  lords  adjoining  are  ready  to  shelter 

Aeir  cows  that  should  pay  those  rents,  whereby  they  may  procul^  those  tenants  to  live  under  them. 

Fifthly,  The  said  rent  is  uncertain,  because  by  the  custom  of  the  country  the  tenants  may  remove 

from  one  lord  to  another  every  half  year,  as  usually  they  do,  which  custom  is  allowed  by  authority 

from  the  State. 

'^In  consideration  of  which  premises,  being  desirous  to  understand  what  course  he  should  hold 

in  levying  the  said  rents  and  duties,  acquainted  the  Lord  Deputy  therewith,  who  wished  him  not  to 

wnovate  any  manner  of  collecting  or  gathering  the  said  rents,  or  to  lay  any  heavier  burdens  on  the 

tenants  than  were  imposed  on  them  formerly  by  Tyrone ;  but  that  he  should  make  it  appear  to 

\     ^  that  his  Majesty  would  be  a  better  and  more  gracious  landlord  to  them  in  all  respects  than 

Tyrone  was  or  could  be,  and  directed  this  accountant  to  proceed  in  his  charge  of  collecting  the  said 

'ents  till  his  Majesty  did  otherwise  dispose  of  them,  which  hitherto  he  [Caulfield]  hath  done  with 

Ws  best  ability,  both  for  his  Majesty's  benefit,  and  the  quiet  and  ease  of  those  subjects,  as  by  the 

account  hereafter  declared  more  fully  appears. 

I  "First  The  said  accountant  is  to  be  charged  with  all  such  sums  of  ready  money  as  have  come 

I     ^  Ms  hands  and  are  otherwise  chargeable  upon  him  for  the  casual  rents  of  the  escheated  lands  in 

(      "^  counties  of  Tyrone,  Armagh,  and  Coleraine,  viz. : — 

Moneys  received. 
For  the  remainder  of  the  rents  due  for  half  a  year  ended  at  Hallowtide,  1607, 
which  were  left  unlevied  by  the  traitor  Tyrone  at  the  time  of  his 
flight     ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...       348     4     6 

^c^bessof  the  English  dwelling  in  the  open  plains,  and  together  in  townships,  and  learned  mechanical  arts  and 

^''oenpon  made  their  sallies  and  retreats  with  great  ad-  sciences."    (Set  Historical  Tracts ,  pp.  122,  123.)     In  the 

^*Bia^    Whereas,  if  they  had  driven  the  Irish  into  the  case  here  supposed  by  Davys,  it  might  have  awkwardly 

Pliins  and  open  countries,  where  they  might  have  had  an  happened  that  the  Irish  would  have  sealed  up  the  English 

^and  obser\'ation  upon  them,  the  Irish  had  been  easily  in  their  fastnesses  at  times,  thus  making  matters  worse 

kepi  m  order,  and  in  short  time  reclaimed   from   their  for  the  latter. 

Wildoess ;  there  they  would  have  used  tillage  and  dwelt 
F    I 


242 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Also,  for  rents  by  him  received  for  the  said  lands,  and  otherwise,  chargeable 

upon  him  for  a  whole  year  ended  at  Hallowtide,  1608  ...  ...    2,102     9     8 

For  the  like,  for  a  whole  year  ended  at  Hallowtide,  1609      ...  ...    2,862  16  10 

For  the  like,  ended  at  Hallowtide,  16 10,  from  which  time  this  accountant 

has  given  up  his  charge  of  the  said  receipts  ...  ...    2,847   'S     7 


In  all,  amounting  in  the  current  money  of  Ireland,  to  the  sum  of  ^8,161     6    6 

Also,  he  is  to  be  charged  with  the  price   of  duty  butters,  oats,  meal,  and  muttons  ai 
hogs  (84),  by  him  received  during  the  three  years  aforesaid  out  of  the  profits  of  the  said  escheat 

(84).  And  hogs, — As  an  additional  illustration  of  paying  rent  in  Ulster  by  various  useful  articles,  espedalh 
food,  even  so  recently  as  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century,  we  quote  the  following  from  a  paper  picjci  f to 
Glenarm  Castle : — 


BARONY  OF  DUNLUCE. 


Names  op  Tbkants. 


Peter  Buirell,  of  Stanalim 

Hugh  Edgar,  of  Ballytibbert 
John  McLeagh,  of  Cloghcorr 

Archibald      McColman,     of 

Park 
James  Moore,    Ballynacree- 

more 
Francis  M'Naghten,  Salmon 

Fishing  of  Portneen 


Mrs.  Ann  O'Cahon,   Bally- 
emon 

Capt.  Jas.  Stewart,  Corkey. 

Daniel  Shawbridge,  Salmon 
Fishing  of  ye  River  Bush 


John  Stewart,  of  Lcotrim 
William  Stewart,  of  Kerve 

cruine 
John  Wilson  and  Partners 

TOWN  AND  DEMESN 
William  Glass,  Lislagan 
James  Black,  Lislagan 
Neill   McCook   and    Daniel 

Craig,  of  Ballybrack 
(;ilL     McFall     and    Danl. 

Nickle,  of  Lislagan 
James   Randal,  James   Cal* 

veil,     and    Adam    Neill, 

Droghadult 


Amount  of  Duties. 


Ten  bushells  of  oats,  6  days' 

work  and  6  hens. 
A  barrel  of  Wheat. 
12  Bushels  of  oats  and  six 

Trusses  of  Straw. 
Six  Bushels  of  oats. 

Two  barrels  of  Wheat  and 
a  Bowie  of  oats. 

Ye  best  Salmon  that  is  taken 
in  any  of  the  said  Ports 
every  day  fhsh  is  taken  for 
Kettle-fish  ;  and  a  barrel 
of  good  merchantable  fish, 
London  gage,  yearly. 

12  Bushells  of  Oates  and  one 
four  year  old  unshorn 
mutton. 

Ten  horses  and  carrs  for 
days. 

All  Salmon  fHsh  taken  there 
till  Easter,  and  two  Salmon 
every  day  that  fHsh  is  taken 
from  Easter  to  the  end  of 
the  Season. 

One  Bowie  of  Oates. 

One  Bowie  of  Oates. 

Two  Days*  Work,  Man  and 
Horse. 

ES  OF  BALLYMONEY. 
One  Bowie  of  Oates. 
One  Bowie  of  Oates. 
Six  Bushells  of  Oates. 

12  Bushells  of  Oates. 

12  Bushells  of  Oates. 


BARONY  OF  CAREY. 


Names  op  Tenants. 


Amoitnt  op  DtrrtBs. 


Hugh  Boyd,  Drimvillen 

Hugh  Boyd,   Dnimnacross, 

and  the  parcel  called  Alt- 

anum  [Altneanum] 
John  Campbell,  Lbmureity 
Peter  Jollie,  Drumnakill 
Alex.  McAuley,  Drumnagee 
Charles  McAlister,  Camduffe 

John  McDonnell,  Coolnagap 

poge 
Cormac  McCormack,  Cree- 

vagh 
Manus  0*Cahan,  Ballynalea 

Widow      O'Cahan,     Island 

Macaileen 
Edward  0*Cahan,  Ardchanan 
Daniel  Stewart,  Ballynalea 
Andrew  Stewart,  Drumnagola 

ISLAND  O 
Townland  of  Kenramer 
Ballygial 

Killpatrick 

Ballynavargan 

Ball3rcarey 

Ballynoe 

Kankiel 

More  to  be  paid  by  the  in- 

habitxmts  of  the    Island, 
yearly 

On  the  same  paper  there  are  also  similar  retm  6^ 
the    barony  of    KulconwaylandtheLibertiesoCCokiii^ 


One  Bowie  of  Oates  at  £ 

cember,  yeariy. 
One  Bowie  of  Oates. 


A  Bowie  of  Gates. 
12  Bushells  of  Oato^ 
12  Bushells  of  Oatcs^ 
1 2  Bushells  of  Gates, 
good&t  Mattoi& 
Haifa  Bowie  of  Gates. 

3fGit  Pullets. 

11  Bushells  of  Gates  « 
Mutton. 

3  fiat  Pullets. 

One  Bowie  of  GUct. 

12  Bushells  of  Gates. 
A  Bowie  of  Gates. 

F  RATHLIN. 
24  PnlleU  and  10  Sliecfk 
24  PulleU  and  10  Slieqi 
12  PnlleU  and  5  Sbecpi 
24  Pullets  and  3  Sbecfk 
12  PulleU  and  5  She^ 
24  PulleU  and  10  Sheepi 
24  PulleU  and  8  Wcitkf«> 
19  Sheep. 


RESULTS  AND  ARRANGEMENTS. 


243 


^  VIZ., 

Butters,  which  were  so  ill  made,  after  the  country  manner,  as  they  were 
scarce  worth  any  money,  yet  were  they  sold  at  the  rate  of  15^.  a  barrel, 
viz.,  30  ton,  or  thereabouts,  which,  at  6j.  sterling  a  ton,  cometh  to     ... 

Oats,  received  in  the  same  time  for  the  like  duties,  about  300  barrels  at 
&/.  sterling  a  barrel 

Oatmeal  also  received  in  the  said  time,  brought  in  *raskins'  (85),  which 
were  240,  making  by  estimation  1 20  barrels  at  3^.  sterling  the  barrel 

Muttons  received  in  the  said  time,  300  at  2s,  sterling  apiece  ... 

Hogs  likewise  received  in  the  said  time,  72  at  3^.  sterling  apiece 


180    o 


10     o 


18  o 
30  o 
10  16 


o 
o 
o 


In  all,  sterling 
Makes,  Irish 


^248  16     o 
...  ...         33 ^   ^4     ^ 

"  And  further,  he  is  to  be  charged  with  the  price  of  the  goods  of  the  traitor  Tyrone  and  of 

fugitives  that  ran  away  with  the  said  traitor,  viz.. 
Of  the  goods  that  belonged  to  the  Countess  of  Tyrone  (86),  cows,  32, 
whereof  1 2  claimed  by  Nicholas  Weston  and  James  M*Gyns  [Maginnis], 


(83).  In  *raskins,* — 'Raskins*  were  vessels  about  the 

fiiz«  of  firkins  made  by  scooping  out  the  central  parts  of 

(^bie  tT«e  and  leaving  about  two  inches  in  depth  of  the  out- 

nde    ^ood  covered  with   the  bark.     The  modem  Irish 

'^ord  rusgt  meaning  bark,  is  the  root  of  raskin  or  rusghan, 

th«  xuune  of  the  vessel.     In  vessels  of  this  description  the 

^i^ent  Irish  generally  kept  their  butter,  and  hence  the 

^dn  msghan  or  russan  butter  was  used  only  as  designated 

^hat  which  had  been  so  preserved.     The  butters  which 

^ulficld  describes  as  so   "ill  made  after  the  manner  of 

^c  country,"  and  as  "scarce  worth  any  money,"  must 

hftve  been  perfectly  sound,  although  the  English  palate 

****y  have  been  unaccustomed  to  their  peculiar  flavour. 

^In  enumerating  the  food  of  the  Irish,"  says  Sir  W.  R. 

yVilcie,  *•  Petty  mentioned  butter  made  rancid  by  keep- 

^  in  bogs.      When  I  originally  read  the  statement  of 

^^^,  I  came  to  the  conclusion  that  he  was  wrong,  and 

^^  this  bog-butter  was  much  older  than  his  time,  but  I 

^^  learned  to  correct  that  opinion.     Why  or  wherefore 

^  people  put  their  butter  in  ho^  I  cannot  tell,  but  it  is 

^  ^  that  great  quantities  of  this  substance  have  been 

found  in  the  bogs,  and  that  it  has  been  invariably  con- 

'^ed  into  a  yellowish-white  substance  like  Stilton  cheese, 

>nd  in  taste  resembling  spermaceti ;  it  is,  in  fact,  changed 

*^o  the  animal  substance  called  adipocere,     .     .     .     It  is 

«ways  enclosed  in  wood,  either  in  vessels  cut  out  of  a 

^^^  tree,  or  in  large  methers,  or  long  firkins  [barrels]. 

|f  the  butter  is  allowed  to  remain  too  long  in  the  bog,  it 

•OSes  it  acidity   and   weight,  dries  up,  and   acquires  a 

'"^d  taste."     (See  Proceedings  of  Royal  Irish  Academy ^ 

'oL  vi.,  pp.  369-372).     The  tannen  of  the  peat  imparted 

fp|^e  butter  a  peculiar  flavour  which  appears  to  have 

r^  highly  esteemed  among  the  Irish,  who  only  allowed 

^  to  remain  in  the  bogs  a  snort  time,  the  specimens  now 

^^^^ionally  found  having  been  no  doubt  concealed  and 

afterwards,  from  some  cause  (most  probably  the  slaying 


or  expulsion  of  the  owners),  allowed  to  remain. 

(80).  Countess  of  Tyrone. — This  countess  was  Catherine 
Magennis,  O'Neill's  last  wife.  It  was  rumoured  that, 
from  some  cause  not  explained,  but  probably  political, 
the  Earl  of  Tyrone  and  his  lady  did  not  live  happily ;  and 
the  fact  of  her  having  had  a  separate  establishment,  as  this 
'account'  implies,  confirms,  to  some  extent  at  least,  the 
old  rumour.  It  would  appear  that  the  dispute,  whatever 
may  have  been  its  origin  and  character,  was  well  known 
to  the  Government,  and  that  Chichester  endeavoured  to 
turn  it  to  account.  With  this  view  Sir  Toby  Caulfield 
had  been  specially  commissioned  to  approach  the  countess 
with  the  object  of  stealthily  obtaining  some  admis- 
sions from  ner,  in  conversation,  which  might  prove 
damaging,  or  even  fatal,  to  her  husband  !  Caulfield  re- 
ported that,  having  found  the  countess  in  a  qreralous  anil 
complaining  humour,  he  advised  her  to  purchase  protec- 
tion from  her  husband's  drunken  tyranny,  "and  to  be 
revenged  on  him  for  all  his  drunken  tyranny  at  once." 
"On  asking  him  in  what  way,  he  told  her  by  giving  secret 
notice,  if  she  knew  of  any  practice  the  earl  had  in  hand 
against  the  peace  of  that  kingdom.  She  answered,  that  if 
she  knew  anv  such,  she  would  not,  for  all  the  world, 
however  much  she  hated  him,  be  known  to  accuse  him  in 
anything  that  would  endanger  his  life.  Upon  his  [Caul- 
field's]  assuring  her  of  his  secrecy  und  discretion,  she 
sware  upon  a  book  that  she  knew  nothing  of  certainty  (for 
of  all  others  he  would  impart  no  such  secret  to  her). 

.  .  .  She  promised,  if  she  could  learn  anything 
thereof,  he  [Caulfield]  should  know,  and  he  had  sworn 
it  should  never  be  known.  Thereupon  he  had  engac;ed, 
if  she  should  be  driven  to  complain  of  her  husband  he 
[Chichester]  should  do  her  justice,  with  much  favour." 
See  Hill's  Histotical  Accotmt  of  t fie  Macdonnells^  pp.  21 1, 

212. 


244 


THE   PLANTATION   IN   ULSTER. 


were  restored  by  the  Lord  Deputy's  warrant,  so  remain   20,  at  15X. 

Plough  mares  with  colts,  5  at  40s.  apiece 

10  heifers  at  I  oj.  apiece 

I  garron 

Steers,  2  at  13^.  4^/.  apiece 

Calves,  13  at  4^.  apiece  ... 

Sheep,  which  all  died  and  yielded  nothing 

In  all 

The  Earl  of  T3nrone's  Goods,  viz.  : — 
Small  steers,  9  at  10s,     ... 
60  hogs,  at  2s,  6^/. 
Two  long  tables,  los, ;  two  long  forms,  5/. ;  an  old  bedstead,  3^. ;  an  old 

trunk,  3^. ;  a  long  stool,  is. ;  B  hogsheads,  is, ;  half  a  cwt  of  hops,  30^. 

3  hogsheads  of  salt,  i/.  Ss.  6d, ;  valued  at    ... 
/v  suic  jacKec  ...  ...  ...  ...  .. 

Eight  vessels  of  butter,  containing  4  J^  barrels     ... 

Two  iron  spits 

A  powdering  tub 

Two  old  chests 

A  frying-pan  and  a  dripping  pan 

Five  pewter  dishes 

A  basket,  2d, ;  a  comb  and  comb  case,  is.  6d. 

Two  dozen  of  trenchers  and  a  basket 

Two  pair  barr  ferris  [x/V*.]  vjs. 

A  box  and  two  drinking  glasses 

A  trunk,  one  pair  of  red  taffeta  curtains,  one  other  pair  of  green  satin 

curcams  ...  ...  ...  ...  •. 

A  brass  kettle 

A  pair  of  cob  irons 

Two  baskets  with  certain  broken  earthen  dishes,  and  some  waste  spices  . . 

Half-a-pound  of  white  and  blue  starch 

A  vessel  with  two  gallons  of  vinegar  ... 

Seventeen  pewter  dishes... 

Three  glass  bottles 

Two  stone  jugs,  whereof  one  broken 

A  little  iron  pot 

A  great  spit  ... 


15     o 
10     o 

5     o 

1  6 

2  12 


4  " 
o  13 
3     7 


o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 

4 
o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 

o 


2 

o 

4 

3 

5 
I 


o 
o 
o 

4 
8 


£35  "    o 

4  10    o 
7   10    o 


4 
6 

o 

6 

o 

o 

o 

8 


O   t(^ 

6    c» 
J    3 


5 

8 

5 

o 

o 


o 

6 

0 
s 

4 


3   0 
I    3 


I 
o 
I 
I 


6 
6 
6 


RESULTS    AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


245 


Six  garrons  at  305.  a  piece 

Nineteen  stud  mares,  whereof  two  were  claimed  by  Nicholas  Weston  (87), 
which  were  restored  him  by  a  warrant,  being  proved  to  be  his  own, 
and  so  remain  17  ;  whereof  ten  rated  at  2/.  10s,  apiece,  25/.,  and  seven 
at  2/.  apiece,  14/. ;  in  all 

Working  mares,  six ;  whereof  claimed  by  Nicholas  Weston  one,  and  by 
Laughlin  O'Hagan  one,  which  they  proved  to  be  their  own,  and  were 
restored  by  warrant ;  and  so  remain,  four  at  305.  apiece 

Nine  colts  of  a  year  old,  at  i/.  apiece* 

Young  colts  newly  foaled,  18  at  los.  apiece 

Twenty  field  cocks  of  wheat,  by  estimation  30  barrels,  at  5^.  a  barrel 


9    o 


39 


6 

9 

9 
7  10 


o 
o 
o 


o 

o 
o 
o 


In  all  (88) 

Murtagh  Quin's  (89),  viz.  :- 


...  ;^I07    II      O 


One  hackney 

One  garron  ... 

Twenty-eight  cows  at  15X.  apiece 

Tourteen  calves  at  4J.     ... 

Twenty-four  sheep  at  18^. 

Three  steers 

Sixty  swine  at  2s,  6d, 

In  all 

7}-  Nuholas  Wtston. — This  gentleman  was  a  Dublin 
rman,  but  he  never  seems  to  nave  been  without  some 
Hem  difficulty  on  hand.  It  is  not  easy  to  imagine 
^  he  had  got  horses  mixed  up  with  those  of  both  the 
*l  and  Countess  of  Tyrone  unless  he  had  sent  them  to 
Aore  on  the  rich  lands  around  Dungannon.  Some  of 
'  transactions  with  O'Neill  appear  to  have  been  of  a 
>vc  important  nature,  as  the  following  petition,  ad- 
^5scd  to  Salisbury  on  the  25th  of  March,  or  first  day  of 
*  year,  1609,  sufficiently  testifies  : — "As  security  for  a 
^  of  1,200/.  the  Earl  of  Tyrone  has  assigned  to  him 
'^^on]  the  fishing  of  the  Banne  and  Salmon  Leap 
^r  Coleraine],  which  he  had  enjoyed  for  four  years. 
^«nrards,  the  Lord  Duputy  and  coimcil  having  thought 
^  that  the  fishing  should  be  restored  to  Tyrone,  it 
''•*  ordered  that  Tyrone  should  give  security  for  the 
fymeat  of  the  debt  with  interest  at  10  per  cent.  ;  but 
y^ooe  being  sent  for  into  England,  he  had  come  to 
^itioner  and  told  him  that  he  had  no  other  security  to 
J'e.  and  therefore  returned  to  him  again  ;  the  deed 
'hereof  passed  to  himself  [Tyrone]  by  Mr.  James  Hamil- 
'^"(seep.  177).  After  Tyrone's  flight,  and  the  confis- 
*tion  of  his  lands,  this  deed  was  of  no  value,  and  there- 
^  Weston  wished  the  Government  to  repay  him  his 
.300/.,  or  recompense  him  out  of  the  rents  of  Tyrone's 
^cheated  lands.  How  this  matter  was  settled,  we  know 
►t  The  other  northern  earl,  Tjrrconnell,  conveyed  to 
is  Weston  and  his  heirs,  for  a  large  money  considera- 


2  O 

I  6 

21  O 

2  16 

1  16 

2  O 

7  10 


o 
8 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


...  ...  ...     ^i£>3^     ^     ^ 

tion,  29  Quarters  of  land  in  Portlagh  and  Tirbrassil,  in  the 
year  1606 ;  but  this  conveyance  was  void  in  law,  because 
it  had  been  made  between  the  time  of  the  earl's  treason- 
able act  and  his  attainder.  Weston  is  described,  also,  as 
the  principal  delinquent  in  a  slander  which  was  circulated 
in  Dublin,  a  id  seriously  affected  the  character  of  the 
young  prince,  Henry.  A  gentleman  named  Fox,  Mrriting 
to  Salisbury,  in  May,  1 6 10,  "  doubts  not  but  he  [Weston], 
and  the  rest,  will  repent  meddling  with  this  matter,  sach 
will  be  the  punishment  that  is  like  to  be  inflicted  upon 
them." 

(88).  In  all, — The  lot  of  comparative  lumber,  or  rub- 
bish, which  was  thus  found  in  and  around  Dungannon 
Castle,  was  evidence  either  that  the  earl  had  been  reduced 
to  the  very  depths  of  poverty,  or  that  his  effects  had  b^cli 
extensively  plundered  afler  his  flight.  Perhaps  both  these 
causes  had  contributed  largely  to  the  "  beg^rly  accottnt" 
of  his  stock  and  chattels  thus  prepared  by  Caulfield. 

(89).  Murtagh  Quin. — This  was  one  of  the  earl's  ser- 
vants,  who  seems  to  have  been  faithful  to  the  last,  going 
with  his  master  into  exile,  from  which  there  is  no  evidence 
that  he  ever  returned.  When  describing  an  intenriew 
between  the  Countess  of  Tyrone  and  Sir  Toby  Caulfield, 
the  latter  represents  her  ladyship  as  saying  that  'VMor- 
rough  O'Quin,  the  Earl's  attending  servant,  was  to  have 
.gone  over  [to  Flanders]  to  bring  news  from  his  [Tyrone's] 
son,  for  he  will  have  no  secrets  put  in  letters."' 


ft 


>  '" 


»«*<*■  J 


RESULTS    AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


247 


calves,  at  4r. 
[arron  ... 
lackney 
ly-five  swine,  at  2s,  6d. 


I   12 

1  6 

2  o 

3  2 


o 
8 
o 
6 


In  all 


...        ;^22        6 


Henry  Hagan's  (93)  Goods,  viz.  :- 


;aiTon  ... 
ws 

alves  ... 
y  sheep 


I     6 

8 

4  10 

0 

0     8 

0 

I   10 

0 

In  all 


£7  14^ 


A  Spaniard  that  lived  with  Tyrone  since  the  year  1588,  and  fled 

with  him,  viz.  : — 

U  vv  d      ••■                      ■••                      ••«                      •••  •••                      ••• 

4jU  V^d   t««                   •••                   •••                   •••  •••                   ••• 

w*XwX    •••                 •••                 ••«                 •••  •••                 ••• 

3wling-pieces 


3  IS 
o    8 

0  10 

1  o 


o 
o 
o 
o 


In  all 


Hugh  McVaghes  (94)  Goods,  viz.  : — 


ows 


Id  cocks  of  oats,  containing  by  estimation  six  barrels  of  oats 


In  all 


?d  by  a  writer  named  Burt.  vol.  ii.,  pp.  29, 
; : — "This  bog  was  stiff  enough  at  that  time 
ountry  garrons.  There  is  a  certain  lord  in 
>st  northern  parts  [of  Scotland]  who  makes 
le  garrons  for  the  bogs  and  rough  ways ;  but 

horse  [a  hackney]  l«l  with  him  through  the 
pid   fords."     (See  Jamicson*s   Etymological 

Another  writer,  quoted  in  Logan's  Gael, 
,  describing  the  process  of  breaking?^  garron, 
letimes  the  garron  was  down,  and  sometimes 
er  was  down,  and  not  seldom  both  of  them 

y  O'llagan. — Tliis  gentleman  had  played  a 
rt  during  the  war  which  closed  in  1002  ;  and 
;  until  O'NeiU's  flight  in  1607,  he  had  been 
lobleman's  most  useful  and  trusted  friends. 
Government  was  anxious  to  conciliate  the 
f  Henry  O'Hagan,  as  appears  from  the  fol- 
e  in  a  letter  from  Chichester  to  Salisbury  : 
this  day  that  Henry  O'Hagan,  a  trusty  ser- 


I   10     o 

040 

£\  14    o 


vant  of  the  Earl  of  Tyrone,  was  gone  either  to  the  arch- 
duke or  to  Spain  ;  and  being  the  Earl's  ensign  [standard- 
bearer]  in  the  time  of  his  rebellion,  he  has  carried  with 
him  a  cullers  [a  flag]  sent  unto  him  from  the  Pope,  by 
which  he  hopes  to  get  some  reward  for  his  service.  wTicn 
he  [Chichester]  spake  last  with  the  Earl,  he  stated  that 
O'Hagan  was  determined  to  leave  the  kingdom,  being 
heavily  in  debt  and  sundry  orders  having  been  made 
against  him  by  the  judges  of  assize,  which  he  was  not 
able  to  pay  in  so  short  a  time ;  whereupon  he  [Chichester] 
gave  orders  that  the  creditors  should  receive  their  money 
at  four  several  payments,  to  be  made  within  two  years» 
with  which  all  pKirties  rested  satisfied.  Did  this  in  order 
to  prevent  his  going  where,  meeting  with  the  earl's  son 
[in  the  Low  Countries],  he  was  rather  like  to  prove  an 
evil  than  a  good  counsellor  unto  him. " 

(94).  Hugh  APVaghe, — This  name  does  not  appear 
among  those  of  the  *'  fugitives"  indicted  by  the  Govern- 
ment ;  but  he  must  have  left  Ulster,  as  his  valuables  were 
allowed  for  the  use  of  his  wife  and  children. 


248 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Also  there  were  goods  in  the  fields  of  other  fugitives  that  fled  with  T}Tone, 
whose  names  are  not  known  to  this  accountant,  which  were  viewed  by 
this  accountant  and  Sir  Francis  Roe  (95),  15  ricks  of  oats,  which 
yielded  by  estimation  40  barrels  of  oats,  at  8//.  the  barrel  ...  20 

[Then  follow  lists  and  valuations  of  the  goods  of  John  Bath,  Art  Oge  O'Neal,  son 
Cormack,  and  Henry  Hovenden  (96) ;  the  whole  amount  of  goods  owned  by  fugitives  bein 
6s.  sterling.] 

"  And  lastly,  the  said  accountant  is  to  be  charged  with  so  much  by  him  received  and 
up  from  the  inhabitants  of  the  counties  of  Tyrone  and  Armagh,  in  the  year  ended  at  Midu 
1609,  for  receiving  certain  traitors  (97),  adherents  of  O'Dogherty,  after  the  killing  of  the 
for  a  fine  imposed  on  them  by  the  Deputy  and  council,  200/.  sterling,  making  266/.  13J.  4^/. 

Casual  rents  of  the  said  Escheated  lands  ...  ...  ...    8,161     6 

Butters,  oats,  meal,  muttons,  and  hogs  ...  ...  ...       331   14 

"  Sum  of  all  the  charge  recepts  aforesaid,  viz.  : — The  goods  of  the  traitor 
T3nrone  and  other  fugitives  that  were  with  him  (98),  received  by  this 
accountant,  and  valued  at  ...  ...  ...  ...       551     6 


(95).  Sir  Francis  Roe, — This  distinguished  *  seryitor' 
was  son  of  Robert  Roe,  of  Lower  Layton,  in  Essex,  and 
grandson  of  Sir  Thomas  Roe,  Lord  Mayor  of  London  in 
1568.  This  Sir  Francis  was  a  younger  brother  of  Sir 
'lliomas  Roe,  the  well  known  diplomatist,  whose  first 
public  employment^was  his  mission  to  the  Great  Mogul 
m  1614. 

(96).  Hcvenden. — This  'fugitive'  is  styled  'gentleman' 
in  the  list  of  persons  indicated  after  the  'flight,'  and  was 
one  of  those  exiles  who  afterwards  returned  to  Ulster. 
He  was  no  doubt  son  of  either  the  Richard  or  Henry 
Hovenden,  mentioned  at  p.  32,  as  having  captured  several 
Spaniards  belonging  to  a  vessel  of  the  Armada  wrecked 
in  Lough  Foyle,  and  there  is  as  little  doubt  that  he  was 
the  gentleman  of  this  name  married  to  the  widow  of 
Tirh^h,  son  of  Sir  Henry  Oge  O'Neill,  of  Kinard 
Castle.  Henry  Hovenden  was  thus  step-father  to 
the  Sir  Felim  Roe  O'Neill,  who  headed  the  outbreak  in 
Ulster  of  1641.  His  self-imposed  exile  with  the  Earl  of 
Tyrone  in  1607  soon  appears  to  have  become  irksome. 
An  agent  of  the  English  Government  at  Brussels,  named 
Sir  Tiiomas  Edmonds,  wrote  to  Salisbury  in  the  November 
of  1607 — not  more  than  two  months  after  Hovenden's 
flight — that  the  latter  had  been  surprised  into  that  move- 
ment, "  having  had  no  manner  of  knowledge  of  Tyrone's 
resolution  till  the  night  before  his  departure,"  and  that 
"he  would  be  glad  to  return,  if  he  hoped  he  might 
recover  his  means,  and  the  favour  of  the  Slate."  On  the 
30th  of  December,  Edmonds  reported  that  Hovenden 
had  assured  him  "there  are  many  other  gentlemen  as 
innocent  as  himself  of  partaking  in  any  of  Tyrone's 
counsels,  who  have  the  like  desire  to  return.  This 
appeal  did  not  prevent  the  confiscation  of  Hovenden's 
pro[>erty,  although  it  probably  led  to  his  pardon  and 
return  to  Ulster. 


(97).  Certain  traitors, — ^Thc  principal  portion 
sum  of  £200  was  levied  on  two  oaromes  in  the  o 
Armagh,  where  Oghie  Oge  O'Hanlon  had  m 
raids  from  the  Fewes  woods.  Sir  Robert 
the  solicitor-general,  refers  to  this  matter,  when 
to  Salisbury  in  April,  1609,  as  follows: — "Upc 
plaint  thereof  [O'Hanlon's  robberies]  made  to  th 
Government]  by  the  parties  that  were  robbed,  they 
that  all  damages  which  they  had  sustained  ib 
levied  upon  those  two  baronies  where  the  robberi 
committed,  and  it  is  likely  that  those  pajrments  m 
means  to  drive  him  out  of  that  country,  or  an  c 
that  he  will  be  the  sooner  apprehended"  Of  tb 
marks  threatened  to  be  levied  off  the  northern  oooi 
harbouring  traitors,  Caulfieldonlyappearstohaveoi 
the  sum  above*mentioned. 

(98).  Were  with  him, — Among  the  Carte  Pipe 
is  the  following  list  recording  "The  Names  of  ui 
are  gone  with  the  Earles  of  Tyrone  and  Tyiconne 


The  Earl  of  Tyrone. 
Baron  of  Dungannon. 
McGuire  [Cuconnaght]. 
Father  Florence,  the  friar. 
Cormac  O 'Neil's  son. 
Ever  McConnell's  two  sons. 


Two  lackieSb 
The  Countess  of  Tj 
The  Earle  of  Tyrol 
Cafliu^O'DonDdl,! 

brother. 
Shane  Groonie,hiBS 


Wiston  [Richd.  Weston]  of    Captain  John  Cou 


Dundalk. 
Henry  O'Hagan. 
Shane  na  Ponty,  rent 

gatherer, 
lames  Bath. 
Plunkett,  gentleman  of  his 

horse. 
Apage. 


Donnoeh  O'BrMi, 
Edmund  Bnnnaog 
His  Secietarr. 
Henry  O'K^. 
Four  serving 
A  page. 
Three  lackies* 


RESULTS   AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


249 


fine  imposed  on  the  inhabitants  of  the  counties  of  Tyrone  and  Armagh, 
for  relieving  traitors 


266  13     4 


In  all 


;^9,3ii   14    o 


Remittals  and  Abatements  of  Rents, 
The  said  accountant  prays  to  be  allowed  the  several  sums  of  money  hereafter  expressed,  viz., 
emitted  and  given  away  by  special  warrant  from  the  Lord  Deputy  to  the  following  persons, 
)rincipal  gentry  of  the  country,  out  of  the  rents  which  they  were  to  pay  his  Majesty  for  part 
escheated*  lands,  partly  to  content  them  after  the  flight  (99)  of  the  traitor  Tyrone,  and  partly 
the  revolt  of  the  traitor  O'Dogherty,  whereby  they  were  drawn  to  live  more  peaceably,  by 
credit  and  power  in  the  country,  the  swordmen  and  ill-disposed  persons  there  (who  were 
uit  in  those  countries),  were  kept  back  from  many  outrages  that  they  were  ready  and 
ble  unto  in  those  dangerous  times,  viz.  : — 

7    Captain    Tirlagh    GNeaVs  brother,   Neal   O'Neal,    for  the  rent  of 
the  castle  of  Newtown,  town  of  Strabane,  ^^^^  ballybetaghs  of  land, 
\iith  the  rents  of  so  many  tenants  as  fed  600  cows  on  the  said  land, 
which  formerly  paid  rent  to  his  Majesty,  and  was  remitted  to  him 
[Neal  O'Neal],  viz.,  for  two  years  beginning  from  Hallowtide,  1608, 
being  after  the  revolt  and  killing  of  the  traitor  O'Dogherty,  and  ended 
at  Hallowtide,  1610,  at  120/.  stg. /^r  a/i«///«  ...  ...       240     o     o 

r  Cormac  M^ Baron  (see  p.  63),  for  so  much  remitted  in  part  of  his  rent 
due  to  his  Majesty  for  two  years,  ended  at  Hallowtide,  1609,  towards 
the  payment  of  his  charges  in  the  Castle  of  Dublin,  and  to  help  to  bear 
his  charges  into  England  ;  as  also  to  the  Lady,  his  wife  (see  p.  179), 
after  his  departure,  for  their  relief  ...  ...  ...         90    o     o 

ryan  Crossach  GNeaiy  son  to  the  said  Sir  Cormac,  being  a  young 
man  very  like  to  have  joined  O'Dogherty,  who  by  his  birth  and 
estimation  was  able  to  draw  a  great  many  idle  followers  after  him  to 
commit  villainy,  and  therefore  he  had  bestowed  on  him,  the  better  to 
content  him,  the  rents  of  one  ballibetagh  of  land,  which  yielded  him 
40/.  per  annum  from  the  tenants,  for  two  years,  ended  at  Hallowtide, 
1 610,  whereby  he  was  retained  in  dutiful  obedience        ...  ...         80     o     o 


After  the  flight.— On  the  flight  of  the  earls  and 
ends  being  first  announced  the  inhabitants  were, 
i  enough,  thrown  into  a  state  of  great  excitement, 
wing  what  was  to  happen  next.  Sir  Thomas 
wnting  to  Salisbury,  on  the  22nd  of  September, 
lat  **he  thought  it  good,  for  the  securing  of  the 
0  go  from  Coleraine  as  far  as  Dungannon,  and 
'ough  the  country  the  people  met  him,  and  were 
d  and  ready  to  forsake  their  houses. "  Sir  Dominick 

G   I 


Sarsfield,  writing  to  Ridgeway,  on  the  29th  of  September, 
states  that  **the  departure  of  the  earls  gives  rise  to  many 
conjectures,  and  the  ill-affected  who  are  likely  (in  their 
impatience  of  any  peace)  to  second  the  head  of  innovation 
in  these  parts  are  of  three  sorts,  namely,  the  priests,  the 
discontented,  and  the  competitors  of  great  titles,  who 
could  not  brook  the  doom  of  the  law  without  squaring 
thereof  to  their  own  affections. " 


250 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


40 


120 


80 


The  said  Sir  Cormac's  lady,  allowed  the  rent  of  1 20  cows  for  two  years, 

ended  at  Hallowtide,  1610        ...  ...  ...  ...         58 

Henry  McShane  GNeale  (100),  being  a  principal  man  of  that  name, 
allowed  the  rent  of  200  cows  at  40/.  per  annum  for  two  years 
ended  at  Hallowtide,  1610  ..  ...  ...  ...         80 

Con  McShane  (loi),  brother  to  the  said  Henry,  allowed  to  draw  as  many 
tenants  to  him  that  paid  20/.  per  annum  for  their  cows  on  part  of  the 
said  lands  for  the  said  two  years 

Art  McBaron  CfNeal  (102),  an  abatement  of  three  parts  of  his  rent  of  80/. 
per  annum  for  the  said  two  years 

Con  McTiriagh  O'Neal  and  his  three  brothers  (103),  an  abatement  of  40/. 
per  annum^  being  two  third  parts  of  their  rents  for  the  said  two  years 

Hugh  McShane  CNeal^  his  brother  and  kinsmen,  and  to  Phelim  McCormac 
Toole  O'Neal  and  his  kinsmen  (104),  in  consideration  of  taking  Shane 
Carragh  (see  p.  69),  brother  to  O'Cane,  chief  rebel  next  O'Dogherty, 
remitted  their  rents  for  two  years,  ended  at  Hallowtide,  1610,  at  20/. 
per  annum  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...         40 ,  0 

Donei  GNeal  (105)  and  his  three  sons,  in  regard  of  their  fidelity  in  the 
time  of  O'Dogherty,  remitted  their  rents  at  20/.  per  annum  for  the 
said  two  years         ...  ..  ...  ...  ...        40    o 

Captain  O'Cor  (106),  remitted  the  rent  of  50  cows  for  three  years,  ended 
at  Hallowtide,  1610,  in  regard  that  he  had  much  credit  among  the 
swordmen,  and  was  a  principal  leader  in  Tyrone's  rebellion,  and  yet 
did  behave  himself  very  dutifully  after  the  flight  of  Tyrone,  and  in 
O'Doghert/s  rebellion,  and  did  then  and  ever  since  perform  good 


(100).  Henry  McShane  O'Neaie, — ^This  was  Shane 
O'Neill's  eldest  son  by  his  first  wife  Mary,  a  daughter  of 
Calragh  O'Donnell.  He  was  named  after  Sir  Henry 
Sydney,  who  stood  as  sponsor  at  his  baptism,  or  became 
his  codfather.  The  right  of  a  gossip  or  sponsor  was  re- 
garded among  the  Celtic  nations  as  equal  to  that  of  a 
natural  parent,  and  hence  gossipredorcompatemitycame  to 
have  such  a  binding  force  between  the  Insh  and  English, 
that  it  was  declared  to  be  treason  by  the  famous  Statute 
of  Kilkenny.  It  was  adopted  by  Sydney  on  the  occasion  re- 
ferred to  as  a  probable  means  of  securing  peace  with  Shane 
O'Neill,  but  it  failed  of  its  object  His  son  Henry  was 
l)om  under  a  luckless  scar,  for  during  the  greater  part  of 
his  youth  he  was  held  as  a  pledge  by  Queen  Elizabieth  for 
his  father's  observance  of  treaties ;  and  on  his  father's 
death,  after  an  interval  of  freedom  for  some  years,  Henry 
was  next  seized  by  the  Earl  of  Tyrone  and  imprisonea 
until  the  close  of  the  war  in  1602. 

(loi).  Con  McShane, — Con,  the  son  of  Shane  the 
*  Proud*  was  only  a  half-brother  of  the  Henry  McShane 
mentioned  in  the  preceding  note,  being  a  son  of  Catherine 
Maclean,  Coimtess  of  Argyle,  who  was  married  to  Shane 


soon  after  the  death  of  his  first  wife.  This  Con  WSk 
was  blamed,  in  1591,  for  not  acting  with  saffidoi^ 
and  coura^  for  the  safety  of  his  bftSher,  Ho^lCQ'*^ 
who  was  then  Jb  the  Earl  of  Tyrone's  hnd^  aad^ 
sentence  of  death  (see  p.  34). 

(102).  Art  McBarm  (/A^il— See  p.  S18. 

(103).  Three  ^nfthers.-^Thcst  hroCheis  w«e  4e«« 
of  Tirlough  O'Neill,  nicknamed  BrasstUuh. 

(104).  /^  >b'ifxmM.— These  O'Neills  woctlKM 
of  the  wild  sept  known  as  the  Clan-Shaiies  of  KiHclfl 
(see  p.  161).  ^ 

(loO.  Lhnd  O'Neal, —"^t  are  unable  to  find  toil 
sept  this  Done!  belonged,  or  in  what  loolity  be  loH 

(106).  Capttnn  0*G^.— The  fiunOy  or  int  tf 
O'Cors,  now  Corrs,  "  are  settled  in  jmat  anmr  ii 
oarish  of  Lissan,  beside  Slieve  Gauoa,  m\m%  %.  Ii 
lieved  that  the  banshee  Aine  bewails  their  ap|MMl 
dissolution,  as  the  banshee  Cliodhna  [Cleom^Hi 
of  the  O'Donovans,  and  the  banshee  OeibhiD  \fm9k 
of  the  Dal  Cais  or  O'Briens."  See  CM^V  ~~ 
edited  by  Reeves,  p.  13. 


RESULTS   AND   ARRANGEMENTS. 


251 


20 


20 


20 
20 


« by  intelligence,  i  o/.  /^r  annum  ...  ...  ...         30 

Viw/,  daughter  to  Sir  Cormac  McBaron,  freedom  for  the  rent  of 
•ws  for  three  years,  ended  at  Hallowtide,  16 10,  at  loL  per  annum  30 
CDevan  (107),  freedom  for  50  cows  for  two  years,  ended  at 
twtide,  1 610,  for  his  maintenance  in  the  College  at  Dublin,  the 
:  to  encourage  others  to  conform  themselves  in  civility  and 
y[\y  2X  lol.  fer  annum 
lonnely  for  the  like  consideration  and  the  same  time  at  the  said 

•••  •••  •••  •••  •••«  ••■ 

rtw(io8) 

^ge  GConroy  (109),  son  to  Donnell  O'Conroy,  the  like 
^Gormley  for  the  like,  remitted  in  regard  of  his  faithful  services  at 
ebellion  of  O'Dogherty,  at  10/.  per  annum^  for  two  years,  ended 
illowtide,  1610  ...  ...  ...  ...         20 

Deiyn^  for  the  like  service,  the  like  remittal  ...  ...         20 

of  Clanauly  (no),  in  the  county  of  Armagh,  being  found  for 
x>rd  Primate  on  the  office  taken  for  the  said  attainted  lands 
I  the  Lord  Deputy,  were  assigned  over  to  him  for  three  half 
ended  at  Hallowtide,  16 10,  here  demanded  in  allowance  because 
»arcel  of  the  charge  before  mentioned,  at  40/.  per  annum  ...         90 

f  the  barony  of  Maughery  (in),  in  the  county  of  Coleraine,  being 
to  the  Londoners  for  this  last  half  year,  ended  at  Hallowtide, 
here  demanded  in  allowance,  being  parcel  of  the  former  charge       100 


o 
o 


o 
o 


'n  all  remitted  in  rents  as  before  particularly  appears 

Making 


^^1,248     o     o 
Irish     1,664    ^    o 


. — This  surname,  and  G'Deifyn^  another 
Dbably  contractions  of  O^Devliny  borne 
inexion  of  the  Irish  in  Tyrone.  Some 
itives  at  the  present  day  by  the  simple 
their  name  to  D" Evelyn  fancy  that  they 
n  Anglo-Norman  descent  ! 

—This  Tyrone  man's  name  indicates  his 
t. 

'. — Probably  this  person  was  a  kinsman 
,  Florence  Conroy. 

^  Clcnauly. — The  office  of  inquisition 
taken  on  the  12th  of  August,  1609,  and 
Archbishop  of  Armagh  was  seized,  in 
ishoprick,  of  24  towns,  or  thereabouts, 
id  demesne  lands.  The  names  of  these 
How  : — "  Ballinepallony,  Ballyeanany, 
illyscragh,  Lisnyferrie,  Colecamy,  Kil- 
)rre,  Coulekerrine,  Aghterragh,  the  two 
bmore,  Ballytollyneskane,  Ballyeadan- 
^hmore,    Atysully,  MoUagh,    Lc^hane, 


Mollaghkuyre,  two  townes  ofDromsallon  ,BallydeTvdorogh, 
Ballyderienesyde,  Ballydrombroske,  Ballynehoglise,  and 
the  sesiogh  of  land  of  Madden,  with  the  appurtenances  ; 
the  archbishop  was  wont  to  lease  the  said  lands  for  terme 
of  yeares."    See  appendix  i.  in  Ulster  Inquintums. 

(III).  Maughery, — We  have  here  the  only  instance, 
so  far  as  we  know,  in  which  this  district  was  designated 
the  barony  of  Maughery,  This  Machaire  or  Plam  lay 
between  Benyevenagh  [Ben-Aibhne]  and  the  Bann.  ITic 
district  now  comprises  the  half  barony  of  Coleraine, 
being  bounded  by  the  Atlantic  on  the  north,  by  the 
liberties  of  Coleraine  and  county  of  Antrim  on  the  east, 
by  the  barony  of  Lougbinsholin  on  the  south,  and  by  the 
barony  of  Keenagbt  on  the  south  and  south-west.  Its 
greatest  length  is  17  miles,  the  breadth  varying  from 
two  to  nine  miles.  Its  area  measures  about  06,307 
acres,  of  which  331  constitute  tideway  in  the  river 
Bann,  and  522  are  fresh  water.  It  contains  parts  of  the 
parishes  of  Kilrea  and  Tamlaght-O'Crilly,  and  the  whole 
of  the  parishes  of  Aghadowey,  Agivey,  Desertoghill, 
Drumboe,  Errigal,  Killowen,  and  Macosquin. 


252 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


21 


27 


"  Soldiers  raised  for  extraordinary  services  upon  the  flight  of  the  traitor  Tyrone  and  the  1 
of  the  traitor  O'Dogherty,  paid  out  of  the  duty  victuals  and  fugitives*  goods  before  charged,  vi 

Captain  Edmond  JLeighy  deceased,   late  high   sheriff  of  the   county  of 

Tyrone,  for  the  pay  of  20  warders  put  into  the  castle  of  Dungannon 

(112),  immediately  after  the  flight  of  Tyrone,  viz.,  for  42  days,  ended 

the  6th  of  November,  1607,  at  6^/.  sterling  apiece  [per  diem] 
Sir  Thomas  Phillips^  for  a  ward  of  1 2  men,  which  he  put  into  Loghein- 

shellin  (113),  about  the  same  time  by  the  Lord  Deputy's  direction,  at . 

6//.  apiece  per  diem,  for  90  days,  ended  at  January,  1607 
Patrick  Crdy  (114),  for  the  pay  of  8  men  put  into  the  fort  of  Portderune, 

by  his  Lordship's  present  direction,  viz.,  for  100  days,  to  February, 

iGo^y  at  6d.  SLpiQce  per  di^m 
Sir  Tobias  Calfieldy  Knight,  for  the  pay  of  8  men  put  into  Maghirlecow 

(115),  by  like  direction,  for  120  days,  ended  in  February,  1607,  at  the 

X i JWw    * €%l>Ww  •••  •••  •••  •••  ••• 

Patrick  Cartan  (116),  for  the  pay  of  20  kerne  which  he  commanded  by  the 
Deputy's  direction,  to  prosecute  Brian  McArte's  son,  and  Arden 
McCollo  O'Hanlon,  who  went  into  action  of  rebellion  presently 
after  the  flight  of  Tyrone,  for  91  days,  ended  in  February,  1607,  at  4^/. 
a^xtct  per  diem 

Hugh  McCaweli  (117),  and  Laughlin  O'Hagan,  for  the  pay  of  40 
men  in   Bonaght,  which  they  raised  and  employed  at  and  about 


20 


24    o    o 


30    6    C 


(112).  Dungannon, — In  1601,  according  to  Docwra*s 
Narrative^  Dungannon  House  or  Castle  was  thatched, 
but  whether  with  heath,  reeds,  or  straw,  the  writer  does 
not  mention.  When  the  Earl  of  Tyrone  married  Mabel 
Bagenal  in  1 593,  Fynes  Moryson  informs  us  that  he  [the 
earl]  had  commenced  to  *' build  a  faire  house,"  which 
as  the  writer  adds,  "our  government  thinks  a  tye  of 
civility."  In  order  to  cover  this  *fair  house'  with  a  roof, 
Tyrone  had  procured  a  large  quantity  of  lead,  but  this 
material,  instead  of  being  used  for  roofing  purposes,  was 
convcrtoi  into  bullets  before  the  outbreak  of  tne  war  in 
1596,  and  this,  as  the  Government  afterwards  believed, 
was  the  purpose  for  which  the  lead  was  really  intended. 
See  Ulster  jfouriuU  of  Archaohgy,  vol.  vii.,  p.  21a 

(113).  Loghnnshellin, — The  name  of  this  position  is 
originally  Limgh-inis-G' Lynn,  a  form  which  the  word  still 
retains  in  the  surrounding  district,  although  the  name  of 
the  barony  called  from  it  is  now  always  written  Laughin' 
sholin.  On  a  little  lake  at  present  about  220  yaMs  in 
length  and  179  broad,  near  the  village  of  Desertmartin, 
there  is  a  cranoee  or  lake-dwelling  in  which  Sir  Thomas 
Phillips  placed  his  ward  or  smaU  garrison  on  the  occasion 
referred  to.  See  Cotton^ s  VinttUion^  edited  by  Dr.  Reeves, 
p.  76. 


(1 14).  Patrick  Crely,—Tht  O'Crdys  or  O'CriDjfi 
an  influential  sept  in  the  adjoining  territory  of  Taml 
Ninaych,   since   called  from  them  Tamla^t  (XCi 
These  O'Crilly^  were  a  branch  of  the  McDennottsof 
Lurg  in  Connaught.     Ibid,  p.  81. 

(115).  Maghirlecow. — This  cranoge  or  Uke-dveDn 
what  Hagenal  calls  Lough  Coe,  It  was  the  well-b 
residence  of  the  Earl  of  Tyrone's  half-brother, 
McBaron  (see  pp.  218,  250). 

(116).  Patrick  Cartan,  — Thb  somame  b  more  con 
written  Carthen  or  Carthainn.  The  present  pari! 
Faughinvale  represents  the  ancient  Tir-ChaaiMmm 
territory  of  Carthainn,  who  descended  original^ 
CoUa  Uais.  See  Colton*s  Visitation^  edited  ^  fee 
pp.  122,  129. 

(117).  AfcCaufcll.—Tht  McCawells  were  nnmoo 
the  barony  of  Clogher  during  the  seventeenth  oentn^ 
since.  They  constituted  m  ancient  times  the  • 
Feradhaigh,  which  gave  name  to  a  portion  of  l^rroae 
compris^  in  the  barony  above  mentioned.  Catk 
from  whom  the  Cawells  take  their  name,  was  c^ 
descent  from  Feradhach,  the  founder  of  the  tiibc^ 
was  grandson  of  Eoghan,  son  of  Niall  of  the  Nine  i 
stages.  See  Colton^s  yistiati^,  edited  bj  Reevob 
19,  2a 


RESULTS   AND   ARRANGEMENTS.  253 

Dungannon  upon  the  revolt  of  the  traitor  O'Dogherty,  where  they 
remained  for  defence  of  those  parts,  and  to  conduct  victuals  to  the 
army  in  Tyrconnell,  namely,  for  90  days,  ended  in  Sept.,  1608,  at  4^/. 
apiece,  per  diem       ...  ...  ...  ...  ...         60    o    o 

7  (y Pagan  and  Ferdoragh  O'Hanlon,  for  the  pay  of  40  men  by  them 
levied  by  the  Lord  Deputy's  direction  to  prosecute  Patrick  Oge 
O'Hanlon  and  Andrew  McColle,  two  notable  traitors,  who,  with  their 
adherents  committed  many  outrages  in  killing,  burning,  and  spoiling 
in  the  counties  of  Tyrone  and  Armagh,  (118),  viz.,  for  74  days,  ended 
in  January,  1609,  at  4i/.  apiece /^i/ii?m        ...  ...  ...         49     6     8 


In  all    ...  ...  ;^2S5  13     4 

Making  Irish      340  17     9 

Works  and  Fortifications. 
I^aid  also  by  the  accountant  for  the  victualling  of  two  men  that  wrought  at 
making  the  bridges  at  Charlemont,  and  other  works  about  the  fort,  for 
90  days  in  May,  June,  and  July,  1609,  at  4^/.  apiece/^  diem  ...         80     o     o 

"  Dieting  of  soldiers  sent  into  Sweden,  paid  out  of  the  duty  victuals  and  the  fugitives*  goods  ; 
\  paid  for  the  victualling  of  certain  men  taken  up  in  the  counties  of  Tyrone  and  Armagh  in  the 
^mers  1609  and  16 10,  viz. : — 

For  the  diet  of  80  of  the  said  soldiers  taken  up  in  Summer,  1609,  for  16 
days  during  the  time  they  were  kept  in  prison  in  Dungannon,  and 
Armagh,  and  Charlemont,  till  they  were  sent  away  (119),  at  4//.  apiece 
per  diem  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...         2168 

Also,  for  the  diet  of  72  of  the  said  men  taken  up  in  Summer,  16 10,  which 
were  kept  in-pfison  at  Armagh,  for  18  days  till  they  were  sent  away, 
at  4^/.  apiece  per  diem  ...  ...  ...  ...  820 


In  all    ...  ...     ;£'29     8     8 

Making  Irish        32     4  10 

"  Part  of  the  fugitives'  goods  before  charged  in  this  account  given  away  and  disposed  of,  partly 
y  Warrants  and  directions  of  the  Deputy  and  council,  and  partly  by  his  Lordship's  direction,  or 
>r  the  considerations  within  mentioned,  viz. : — 

&>  Tobias  Cauffield,  knight,  to  whom  the  goods  that  belong  to  the  Countess 
of  Tyrone  were  given  by  the  Lord  Deputy,  in  consideration  that  he 

(*l8).  Arui  Armagh. — For  the  fines  imposed  on  the  drawn  from  the  wreck  of  O'NeiU's  property,  instead  of 

^'^cs  where  outrages  were  committed,  see  p.  249.  from  the  Government  that  had  arbitrarily  taken  possession 

J'19).  Smi  away. — ITie  expenses  incurred  by  the  im-  of  them,  or  from  the  Swedes  who  were  to  receive  their 

^nionmcnt  of  these  swordmen  were,  curiously  enough,  services. 


254  THE    PLANTATION   IN   ULSTER. 

kept  Con  O^Neil  (120),  son  to  the  said  earl,  for  three  years,  ended  at 
Michaelmas  last,  16 10,  and  found  him  meat  and  drink,  and,  therefore 
here  demanded  an  allowance  at  the  rates  before  charged  on  his 
account,  being         ...  ...  ...  ...  ...         35  12    o 

Also,  delivered  to  the  wife  of  Teig  O'Kenna  (see  p.  246),  at  the  request 
of  the  Earl  of  Thomond,  to  whom  she  is  allied,  in  consideration 
that  the  said  earl  alleged  that  the  said  Teig  sent  him  intelligence  of 
importance  from  beyond  the  seas,  all  her  husband's  goods,  which 
before  are  charged  on  this  account,  and  so  here  allowed,  at  ...         2s    6    8 

To  Henry  McShane  O'Neal^  a  principal  man  of  that  name,  to  relieve  his 
poor  estate  out  of  the  goods  of  Shane  O'Hagan  (see  p.  246),  so  much 
as  are  valued  at       ...  ...  ...  ...  ...         20    o    o 

To  Henry  Hovenden's  (see  p.  248)  wife  and  children,  for  her  relief,  and  to 
maintain  her  children  at  school,  all  her  husband's  goods,  for  which 
paid  only  20  marks  sterling,  the  whole  being  valued  at  40/.  14X.,  and 
before  charged,  so  as  she  is  thereby  allowed  of  the  said  goods,  by 
virtue  of  a  concordatum,  dated  21st  Sept,  1609,  which  is  here  allowed, 
the  sum  of  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...         27    o 

To  Laughlin  O^Hagan^  given  so  much  of  his  brother's  goods  as  were  valued 
at  3/.  19X.  9^.  sterling,  in  consideration  that  the  constableship  of 
Dungannon  was  taken  from  him  ...  ...  ...  3  19 

To  Murtagh  (yQuiris  wife  (see  p.  245),  given  so  much  of  her  husband's 

goods  to  relieve  her  as  amoimted  to  ...  ...  ...         13    ^ 

Also  given  to  the  Spaniard* s  wife  and  children  all  her  husband's  goods  for 

their  relief,  which  are  valued,  as  before  charged,  at        ...  ...  5  13  « 

Also  given  to  Henry  Hagan's  (see  p.  247)  wife  and  children,  all  her 
husband's  goods,  at  the  suit  of  her  father.  Sir  Oghie  O'Hanlon,  when 
he  surrendered  all  his  lands  to  the  King  (see  p.  64),  which  are 
before  charged,  and  were  allowed  at  ...  ...  ...  7  14  ^ 

Also  given  Hugh  McVagh^s  (see  p.  247)  goods  to  his  wife  and  children, 

for  their  relief,  before  charged,  and  here  allowed  at        ...  ...  i  14         o 

Also  given  to  Lady  Pawlet^  wife  to  Sir  George  Pawlet,  deceased,  in 
regard  of  her  miserable  estate  after  the  death  of  her  husband,  certain 
goods  of  the  traitor  John  Bathe  (see  p.  248),  which  rested  in  his 
[Pawlet's]  possession  till  his  death,  and  are  parcel  of  the  goods 
before  charged  in  this  account,  as  amounted  to  the  sum  of  ...        60    0 

Also  the  goods  of  Arte  Oge  O'Neal,  (son  of  Sir  Cormack),  being  formerly 
given  by  him  to  his  three  children  before  his  flight,  were  on  their 

(120).  Cm  0*NeU,St^  pp.  64,  65. 


RESULTS   AND  ARRANGEMENTS.  355 

on  their  humble  suit  given  them  for  their  relief  by  the  Lord  Deputy, 

UCUIk     •••  •••  •»•  •••  ••«  ■••  zzo      o 

Id  John  Comewell^  sub-sheriff  of  Tyrone,  at  the  time  when  the  earl  fled, 
given  him  out  of  Tyrone's  goods,  in  regard  of  his  great  trouble  and 
pains  then  taken  for  his  Majesty's  service,  so  much  as  we  valued  at        10    o    o 
To  Bryan  Neiie  [O'Neill],  ensign  to  Sir  Henry  Oge  O'Neale  (see  p.  96), 
in   r^ard   of  money    he    received   when  his   captain  was    killed, 
out  of  the  fugitives' goods,  the  value  of        ...  ...  ...  600 

Also  given  for  the  relief  of  Arte  Oge's  sons  and  Oghie  Oge  O'Hanlon's 
children,  being  both  sent  to  Sweden  (see  pp.  64,  65),  out  of  the 

|CV/Ou5      ••#  •»•  •••  •«•  •••  «••  2000 

"Also  there  were  delivered  to  divers  captains  part  of  the  fugitives*  goods,  in  consideration  of 
i^  travail  and  charges  sustained  in  going  to  many  places  of  the  country  for  the  settling  and 
^lishing  thereof,  upon  their  own  charges,  immediately  after  the  flight  of  Tyrone,  viz.,  to 
Captain  Edmond  Leigh  ...  ...  ...  ...        30    o    o 

Sir  Francis  Roe  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...         12     o    o 

Sir  Thomas  Phillips       ...  ...  ...  ...  ...         13     o    o 

Sir  Richard  Hansard     ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  600 


In  all  ...  ...  ...     jQ6i     2  o 

In  all  given  to  the  persons  before  named  out  of  the  fugitives'  goods        ...       317     4  i 

Making  Irish       422  18  9 

"  And  lastly,  for  ready  money  paid  to  Sir  Thomas  Ridgeway,  vice-treasurer  and  treasurer  at 

x^,  in  Ireland,  viz.  : — 

Irish. 

£      s.  d. 

The  13th  of  December,  1608  ...  ...  ...  ...  2,357     7  3 

The  18th  of  December,  1609  ...  ...  ...  ...  2,404    3  6 


In  all             ...                 ...  ;^4,76i   10     9 

Remittals  and  abatements  of  rents  1,664    o    o 
Sum  total  of  all  the  allowances  and  payments  aforesaid,  viz. : — 

Entertainment  of  soldiers                  ...                 ...                 ...  ...       340  17     o 

Works  and  Fortifications                   ...                 ...                 ...  ...         80     o     o 

Victualling  of  Irish  Soldiers  sent  to  Sweden         ...                 ...  ...         39410 

Gifts  and  restrictions  of  fugitives*  goods               ...                 ...  ...       42299 

Ready  money  paid  into  the  receipt  ...                ...                 ...  ...    4,761   10    9 

In  all                   ...                 ...  jQliZ^^  12     I 

And  so  remaineth  in  this  accountant's  hands,  and  chargeable  on  him  to 

his  Majesty's  use   ...                 ...                 ...                 ...  ...     2,002     9     i 


256 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


The  foregoing  curious  and  valuable  document  would  be  incomplete  without  the  following 
appendage,  showing  the  necessity  for  Caulfield's  appointment  as  superintendent  of  the  T>toik 
estates,  and  also  his  remuneration,  as  such,  received  from  the  public  funds;  which, 
however,  must  have  been  but  a  mere  nominal  reward  compared  with  advantages  otherwise 
derived  from  that  position : — "  By  the  Deputy  and  council — Whereas  upon  the  flight  of  the 
traitor  Tyrone,  the  Deputy  entering  into  consideration  how  fit  it  was  to  appoint  some  mat 
of  sufficiency  to  take  the  chief  charge  and  superintendency  of  such  lands,  rents,  and  territories 
as  belonged  to  the  said  traitor  in  the  counties  of  Tyrone,  Armagh,  and  Coleraine,  made  choice  q 
Sir  Toby  Calfeild  to  take  upon  him  that  charge ;  who  with  good  care  and  diligence,  greatly  to  tt 
furtherance  of  his  Majesty's  service,  hath  not  only  for  this  three  years  past  collected  the  rei^ 
issuing  out  of  the  said  lands  and  territories  to  his  Majesty's  use,  but  with  great  wisdom  and  suffidei^, 
discharged  the  trust  reposed  in  him ;  and  furthermore,  hath  been  within  the  said  time  at 
ordinary  charges,  in  building  of  bridges  and  highways,  strengthening  of  the  fort  at  Charlemonty 
building  a  house  within  the  same,  for  all  which  he  has  humbly  craved  allowance.  He  is  according 
granted  an  allowance  of  100/.  a  year  for  each  of  the  three  years,  making  in  harps  (121)  the  wln^^ 
sum  of  400/.  to  be  allowed  him  in  the  foot  of  his  account.     Dublin,  i6th  December,  16  la" 

The  lands  of  O'Donnell,  although  very  extensive,  were  of  little  value  to  the  Govenunenc 
in  consequence  of  the  numerous  and  heavy  mortgages  which  had  been  effected  thereon  from  tfic 
time  of  their  partial  restoration  to  the  family.     The  whole  territory  of  Tyrconnell,  excepting  Chmch 
lands,  was  found  to  have  fallen  to  the  Crown  by  the  inquisition  at  LifTer  in  the  autumn  of  160% 
and  during  the  two  following  years  it  had  been  let  out  in  large  fragments,  principally  to  infloential 
servitors  whose  receipts  in  the  shape  of  rents  must  have  been  but  of  trifling  consequence  to  the 
Government,  whatever  they  may  have  been  to  themselves  (122).     Thus,  the  rents,  issues,  and 


(121).  In  harps,—  The  harp  was  an  Irish  shilling 
though  equal  only  to  9d.  of  sterling  or  English  money. 
The  following  order  of  the  deputy  and  council,  dated 
Nov.  1 1,  1606,  will  explain  the  value  of  this  coin  : — "The 
late  sovereign  Queen  Elizabeth,  in  the  time  of  the  late 
rebellion,  established  a  standard  of  mixed  moneys,  which 
then  stood,  and  was  of  necessity  maintained  in  this  king- 
dom,  her  Highness,  not  withstanding  allowing  the  exchange 
of  the  moneys  in  England,  to  her  exceeding  charge  and 
great  expense  of  treasure.  And  afler  the  death  of  the 
said  late  Queen,  the  rebellion  being  appeased,  and  the 
greater  part  of  the  army  being  discharged,  the  King, 
understanding  that  the  mixed  moneys  bred  many  griev- 
ances and  inconveniences  to  the  subjects  of  this  realm, 
was  pleased,  by  a  proclamation  bearing  date  the  lith  of 
October,  1603,  to  decry  the  said  mix^  moneys  to  their 
true  value,  and  also  to  establish  a  new  standard  of  this 
kingdom,  that  every  piece  whereof  bearing  the  name  of  a 
shilling  should  go  current,  and  be  taken  for  \2d.  sterling ; 
and  all  other  pieces  of  the  said  new  silver  standard  should 
be  taken  rateably  according  to  the  quantity  and  propor- 
tion of  the  same.  And  inasmuch  as  the  King  by  his 
letters  of  the  25th  June  and  30lh  of  September,  signified 
that  the  said  word  sterling  did  breed  an  error,  being  con- 
strued as  if  every  harp  shilling  should  be  taken  for  sixteen 


pence  of  the  money  of  this  country,  and  so  dtooldcaRy 
as  high  a  valuation  as  the  sterling  shUIing  of  Eqcln^ 
while  in  truth  his  meaning  was,  uid  is,  Uiat  evoj  bfp 
shilling  should  bear  the  name  and  vaine  of  la^  IriA 
according  to  the  standard  of  this  realm,  iriikk  VkW 
value  is  but  9d.  English.  They,  therefore,  in  his  MajciQf's 
name,  and  by  his  express  command,  proclaim  tint  ta 
henceforth  the  said  name  of  sterling  shall  not  be  ippli^ 
to  the  harp  shilling;  of  the  standard  of  nine  ouwesaCi* 
silver,  but  shall  m  that  respect  be  utterly  abotislMd  ii 
this  kingdom.  And  that  every  silTcr  luup  iliillii{  i^i" 
be  called  I2d,  Irish,  and  not  lid.  sterling  and  ibul  1* 
current  only  for  that  value.  And  it  u  his  Mije^* 
pleasure  that  his  subjects  of  Ireland  shall  use  the  pfe*** 
current  or  lenioful  money  of  Ireland^  vhereby  ihul  ^ 
understood  money  of  the  said  standard  of  nine  Olootf  « 
fine  silver  proper  to  this  kingdom.** 

(122).  To  themseives,— Between  the  dates  of  the  hi'' 
ing  of  the  English  under  Docwim  at  the  Foyle  is  ^ 
spring  of  1600  and  the  coming  of  the  British  uBdertsk^* 
in  1610^  almost  all  the  old  Irish  fiuulies  of  rank  throi|^ 
out  Donegal  had  been  swept  away  or  reduced  to  po*B^ 
The  following  curious  document,  preserred  asMif  v 
State  Papers,  records  the  names  and  places  of  teA^ 
of  such  of  these  families  as  dwdt  westward  of  Loi^ 


RESULTS   AND    ARRANGEMENTS. 


257 


lands  comprised  in  the  barony  of  Boylagh  and  Bannagh,  from  the  autumn  of  1608 
in  which  grants  were  passed  of  the  lands  to  the  undertakers,  were  taken  up  by  Sir 
t,  whose  wife  afterwards  married  Lord  Robert  Dillon.  The  Inquisition  of  1608 
)ylagh  and  Bannagh  contained  96  quarters  of  land,  or  12,000  acres.  Sir  Henry 
eceived  the  rents  and  profits  from  the  barony  of  Tirhugh,  reported  on  the  same 
:ontain  27  quarters  of  land.  The  barony  of  Kilmacrenan  was  stated  by  that 
contain  240  quarters  of  land,  or  30,000  acres,  and  to  comprise  the  districts  of 

Clanely,  [  ]     >  [  ]»  ^^^  ^^ 

jcinct  of  Kilmacrenan.     The  rents  and  profits  arising  from  the  precintt  of  Fawnett, 

quarters,  were  received  and  taken  up  by  Donell  Gorme  McSwyne,  Esq.,  and  Sir 
ard.     The  rents  and  profits  arising  from  the  precinct  of  Doe,  containing  60  quarters, 

and  taken  up  by  Sir  Molmory  McSwyne,  Neal  ballagh  McSwyne,  and  Knogher 
cS^vyne.  The  rents  and  profits  arising  from  the  territory  of  Clanely,  containing  30 
id,  were  received  and  taken  up  in  part  by  Hugh  McHugh  duffe  O'Donnell,  Manus 


i  the  entrie  of  the  Lough  [S willy],  until 
int  of  land  a  little  short  of  Ench  [Isle  of 
.'ither  castle  nor  fort,   but  then  upon  a 

a  castle  and  an  abbey  called  Ramullan 
VlacSwyn  O'Farre's  [Fanaid*s]  chiefe 
Kyve  myles  above  Ramullan  there  is  a 

McHugh    Duffe's    [O'Donnell],    called 

Ramelton],  standing  upon  the  Lannan 
r'hich  falleth  in  Lough  Swilly —  Hugh 
use.      Three    myles    above    Ramaltan, 

syde,  in  a  baye,  is  the  abbey  of  Kil 
!ugh  McHugh  Duffe's  countrey — here 
rs.  Five  myles  above  Kil  O'Donnell 
Lssable  at  low  water,  wherein  hath  some- 
called  the  Farcet  [Fearsad]  of  Solough- 
'les  from  this  ford,  towards  Birt,  standes 
Ballaghan,  over  against  Kil  O'Donnell  ; 
..  Three  myles  from  Ballaghan,  towards 
f  lande  which  runs  farr  into  the  Loughe, 

a  strong  fort,  but  nowe  broken  downe, 
inboye  ;  here  dwells  Shane  MacManus 
].  Dunboyne  and  the  point  of  lande 
ndeth  maketh  a  baye,  in  the  bottome 
n  old  fort,  called  Cul  mac  Tryen ;  this 
ild  by  [The]  O'Donnell.  From  Cul  mac 
g  three  myles  in  length,  to  the  side  of 
I  the  midst  of  the  bogg  is  a  standing 
l  on  the  side  of  the  loughe  called  Bon- 
,  where  Alexander  McSorlie  was  slain. 

bogg  to  Lough  Foyle  syde  is  the  fort  of 
t  Bun-aber]  dwells  O'Donnell's  mother 
Donnell,  see  pp.  130,  228].  Three 
gan  stands  a  fort  called  McGwyvelin 
>n  the  river  of  Loughfoyle — O'Donnell's 
ise.  Above  McGwyvelin,  four  myles  up 
hfoyle  is  the  Liffer  ;  here  dwelt  [The] 
r  myles  above  the  Liffer  stands  Castle 
all  Garve's  [O'Donnell's]  house.  Four 
e  Fencr  is  a  fryers's  house  called  Drum- 
js  above  Drumboy  stands  a  fort  called 


Ballakit— -here  dwells  Donnell  Gallocar  [O'Gallagher], 
one  of  O'Donnell's  chief  counsellors.     Ten  myles  above 
Ballakit  is  Loughfene  [Finn],  upon  theryver  Fene  [Finn], 
where  the  ryver  hath  his  first  head.     Four  myles  west- 
ward from  Ballakit  is  Bamesmore.     From  Baroesmore 
to  the  castle  of  Beleek,  that  stands  upon  Lough  Erne,  is 
twelve  myles.    From  Beleek  to  Ballashanan  is  three  miles 
— here  dwells  McO'Dongonrye  [Rorie,  son  of  O'Donnell]. 
From  Ballashanan  to  the  Abbey  of  Asheroe,  to  the  sea- 
wards, is  one  myle ;  inhabited  by  monkes.     From  the 
Abbey  of  Asheroe  to  the  Abbey  and  Castle  of  Dunagall, 
is  nine  myles.    Here  is  a  good  haven,  and  the  ryver  Eske 
falls  into  it.   Three  myles  above  Donagall  is  Lough  E^ke, 
O'Donnell's  chief  keeping — O'Donnell's  chief  storehouse 
for  the  warr.     Over  against  Donagall,  two  myles  on  the 
other  syde  of  the  water,  stands  O'Boyle,  where  the  ships 
used  to  ride — O'Boyle's  chief  house.     Seven  myles  from 
O' Boyle,    to   the  seaward,   is  a  castle  called   McSwyn 
O'Bane's  [Bannagh's]  Tower.      From  this  place  to  the 
haven  of  Calboy  [Killybegs]  is  three  myles — here  dwells 
Seneschal  McGonell.     Four  myles  from  there  stands  the 
castle  of  Bromoyle,  in  the  lower  end  of  the  countrey — here 
dwells  Hugh  boy  McSwyne  O'Bane's  [McSwyne  Ban- 
nagh's] brother.     From  thens  four  myles  is  a  small  haven 
called    Cometillen.        This    haven    devydes    McSwyne 
O'Bane's  countrey  and  O'Boyle's.     At  the  lower  end  of 
O'Boyle's  countrey  is  a   castle   called  Kilmirrish — here 
dwells  the  Bishop  of  O'Boyle.     Next  to  that  castle  is  the 
haven   of    Bonabbar.      lliis    haven    parteth    O'Boyle's 
country  and  McSwyne  O'Doe's.     And  next  to  that  is  the 
haven   Conogarhen,    with    a  castle    so    called ;    this   is 
McSwyne  O'Doe's  chief  house.     The  next  haven  to  this 
is  Red  haven,  which  parts  McSwyne  O'Doe's  countrey  and 
McSwyne   O'Fane's  [Fawnett'sJ.     By  the  syde   of  this 
haven   is  the  castle  of  Menryee,  a  castle  of  McSwyne 
O'Fanet's.     Small  boats  may  come  from  the  Red  haven 
to   the   castle  —  here    dwells  Alexander  McDonoIoghe. 
The  midland  of  Tirconnell  is  inhabited  by  the  sept  of 
O'Gallocars. "      See  Ulster  Journal  of  Archocologyy  vol. 
pp.  141-143- 


V. 


258  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

Oge  McHugh  Duffe  O'Donnell,  and  Tirlagh  McHugh  duffe  O'Donnell,  his  sons.  The  rents  axxl 
profits  arising  from  the  lordship  and  precinct  of  Kilmacrenan,  containing  24  quarters,  were  received 
and  taken  up  by  Nicholas  Weston,  alderman  of  Dublin.  The  rents  and  profits  arising  from  the 
precinct  of  [  ],  containing  30  quarters  of  land,  were  received  and  taken  up  by  Sir 

Mulmoric  McS\v>'ne  and  Captain  William  Eley  [Ellis].  The  rents  and  profits  arising  from  the 
barony  of  Enishowcn,  containing  1 20  quarters  of  land,  were  received  and  taken  up  by  Sir  Ardmr 
Chicliester.  The  barony  of  Rapho  contained  the  two  precincts  of  Lyffer  and  Portlawe,  the  fiMmer 
comprising  60  quarters,  and  the  latter  73  quarters.  The  rents  and  profits  arising  from  56  quarten^ 
parcel  of  the  said  60  quarters  within  the  precinct  of  Lyffer,  were  received  and  taken  up  by  Sir  John 
Kingsmill,  by  the  appointment  of  Chichester.  The  rents  and  profits  arising  out  of  the  other  four 
quarters  of  the  land  of  the  Lyffer,  were  received  and  taken  up  by  Sir  Richard  Hansard.  The  rents 
and  profits  arising  from  the  73  quarters  of  Portlaugh  or  Portlawe,  were  received  and  taken  up  for 
the  space  of  one  year  after  the  taking  of  the  inquisition  of  1608,  by  Patrick  O'Conley,  a  merchant 
in  Dublin.  The  rents  of  the  said  73  quarters  were  received  and  taken  up  for  the  second  year  after 
the  taking  of  the  inquisition,  by  Sir  Richard  Hansard.  See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster ^  Donegal^  (3) 
Car.  I. 


[259] 


Chapter  VII. — Grants  and  Grantees. 


|E  now  proceed  to  lay  before  the  reader  such  abstracts  from  the  grants  to  undertakers 
as  clearly  embody  the  several  conditions  on  which  they  were  made.  These  abstracts 
are  taken  from  the  printed  Patent  Rolls  of  the  reign  of  James  I.,  supplemented, 
however,  in  several  instances,  by  extracts  from  the  printed  Ulster  Inquisitions. 
The  lands  are  granted  in  every  case  to  undertakers,  it  will  be  observed,  by  the  tenure  known  as  free 
and  common  socage  (see  pp.  8i,  238),  although  it  has  been  hitherto  stated  by  writers  referring  to  the 
subject,  that  undertakers  of  the  large  proportions  were  obliged  to  hold  by  the  feudal  tenure  of  knight's 
service  in  capite.  This  mistake  appears  to  have  been  copied  from  Carte  by  all  succeeding 
authorities,  and  Carte  originally  overlooked,  or  was  not  aware  of  the  fact  that,  although  the  tenure 
by  knight's  service  was  at  first  intended  to  be  imposed  on  all  undertakers  of  large  proportions,  it 
was  exchanged  afterwards,  at  Chichester's  urgent  solicitation,, for  that  of  free  and  common  socage. 
Every  undertaker's  lands  were  erected,  by  the  terms  of  his  grant,  into  a  manor,  with  certain 
manorial  rights  and  privileges,  including  at  first  the  po\^er  of  establishing  courts  baron,  and  of 
enclosing  a  certain  number  of  acres  as  a  demesne,  according  to  the  size,  in  each  case,  of  the 
proportion  held  by  the  undertaker.  In  this  instance,  the  term  demesne^  from  de  mansio^  properly 
denotes  that  part  of  the  estate  attached  to  the  Mansion^  where  the  proprietor  renmins  or 
resides.  Other  privileges  were  soon  afterwards  added,  the  most  useful  of  which  was  that  of 
appointing  fairs  and  markets  in  all  places  where  these  institutions  were  required. 

The  several  grants  only  recite  the  names  of  the  leading  divisions  of  land  in  each  proportion  or 
estate.  Each  of  these  divisions,  however,  included  several  smaller  parcels,  which  more  correctly 
represent  the  numbers  of  our  present  townlands,  and  which  shall  be  named,  when  practicable,  in 
the  eighth  chapter. 

I. 

Precincts  or  Baronies  set  apart  for  English  Undertakers  only. 

I.  The  Precinct  of  Oneilan  (i),  county  of  Armagh. 

I.   Grant    to   Richard  Rolleston  (2),    clerk.      The   small   proportion  of  Tecmore^   containing 


(i).  Oneilan, — See  p.  201,  202,  218.  This  barony, 
-which  is  commensurate  with  the  plantation  precinct  so 
called,  includes  the  three  Irish  territories  of  Oneilan,  Clan- 
brassill,  and  Clancann.  On  an  old  map  of  Ulster,  of  the 
reign  oi  Elizabeth,  Clanbrassill  and  Clancann  are  marked 
as  touching  the  southern  shore  of  Lough  Neagh,  the  for- 
mer on  the  east  and  the  latter  on  the  west  side  of  the 
Bann  ;  whilst  Oneilan  is  placed  due  south  of  Clancann, 
and  on  the  western  side  of  the  river.  These  territories 
occupy  the  same  positions  on  the  baronial  map  of  1609 
'whm  it  is  reversed.  Clanbrassill  is  represented  as  being 
of  greater  length  from  north  to  south  than  either  of  the 
other  two  territories,  whilst  Oneilan  is  much  broader  from 
cast  to  west. 


(2).  Rolleston, — This  clergyman  first  presents  himself  to 
our  notice  as  one  of.  Lord  Saye's  consort  or  company, 
seeking  lands  in  Oneilan,^ and  representing  himself  as 
having  an  income  of  100/.  per  annum,  and  500/.  worth  of 
'goods.'  (Seep.  148).  He  came  from  Statfordsh ire,  and 
as  it  happened,  on  his  coming  hither,  he  found  his  way 
into  one  of  the  most  attractive  districts  in  Ulster — not  only 
picturesque,  but  pre-eminently  fertile ; — and  hence  the 
chosen  retreat  in  earlier  days  of  many  leading  families  of 
the  O'Neills.  But  their  day  had  passed,  and  the  succession 
to  their  houses  and  fields  now  became  a  source  of  very 
active  cpmpetition  and  struggle  among  the  new-comers. 
Parson  Rolleston  succeeded  in  getting  his  lands  in  one  of 
the  choicest  localities ;  but,  as  we  shall  afterwards  find. 


26o 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Derrichora,  one  balliboe ;  Shancrakan,  two  balliboes ;  Moyrourkan,  Downemedder, 
Teemore,  Loughtoobegg,  Loughtoomore,  Aghoorier;  in  all  i,ooo  acres;  two  third  pa 
balliboe  of  Tawnaghmore,  containing  60  acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grant  [for  glc 
The  premises  are  erected  into  the  manor  of  Teemore,  with  a  demesne  of  300  acres,  an 
baron.  Total  rent,  5/.  6s.  Sd,  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  comm 
25  May,  8th  [16 10]. 

2.  Grant  to  Francis  Sacheverell  (3),  Esq,  The  small  proportion  of  MuUaldish  (4),  < 
Balliloghan,  one  balliboe ;  Ballihinche,  one  balliboe  ;  %  of  Ballilaney ;  Mullalelish,  one 
Ballibreagh,  one  balliboe  ;  Mulladroy,  one  balliboe  ;  Dromnehunchin,  one  balliboe  ;  Dioi 
and  J^  balliboe ;  '/s  ^^  Ballikedymore,  balliboe  next  to  Ball)rtagart ;  Ballytagart,  one 
Dirrichele,  one  balliboe  ;  in  all  1,000  acres.  The  small  proportion  of  Leggacorry  (5),  cont 
lands  of  Shewish,  Rath-Imulchany,  Aghnacrea,  MuUanalaghan,  Loskeburrin,  Corcreeny,  Li 
Fonamilly,  Mullalittragh,  one  balliboe  each  ;  Ballilaney,  and  75  of  Annaghboe,  next  to  Mul 
in  all,  1,000  acres — three  parts  in  five  of  the  balliboes  of  Ballikedymore,  containing  60  x 
Anaghboe,  60  acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grant  [for  glebe  land].  The  two  proportic 
granted  are  erected  into  the  manor  of  Mullalelish  and  Leggacorry,  with  600  acres  in 
and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  10/.  13J.  4//.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in 
socage.     29  May,  8th  [16 10]. 

3.  Grant  to  John    Brownlowe    (6),   Esq,      The  middle    proportion    of  Daughck 
containing  Taberhany,  one  balliboe ;  the  moiety  of  the  balliboe  of  Aghenecloghy ;  Keilma 


he  was  soon  relieved  of  this  estate  by  a  countryman  of  his 
own  then  pretty  well  known  in  Ulster,  and  named  Francis 
Annesley.  RoUestone's  'proportion*  of  Teemore  is  repre- 
sented on  the  baronial  map  of  1609  as  a  peninsular  district 
running  out  almost  due  north  from  Oneilan  Proper, 
having  the  Fews  on  its  north-western  boundary,  and 
Orior  on  the  north-east. 

(3).  Sacheverell. — This  undertaker  first  appears  in  plan- 
tation records  as  one  of  a  consort  or  comp>any  offering  for 
lands  in  the  precinct  or  barony  of  Oneilan.  The  consort 
was  headed  by  a  Sir  Francis  Anderson,  of  Bedford, 
whose  name  does  not  turn  up  afterwards  in  these  records. 
Francis  Sacheverell  represented  himself  as  from  Leicester  ; 
as  worth  300/.  per  annum,  and  as  willing  to  undertake  for 
2,000  acres.  The  above  grants  show  that  he  obtained 
the  quantity  he  wanted,  and  in  the  district  he  preferred. 
He  was  amongst  the  earliest  to  take  out  his  patents  ;  and 
as  he  was  afterwards  known  or  styled  of  Alulladoryy  or 
Muldory,  he  had  no  doubt  built  his  house  and  bawn  in 
that  sub-division  of  his  proportion  called  Mullalelish.  It 
mav  be  mentioned  also  that  his  name  appeared  on  a  list 
of  forty  gentlemen  who  proposed  to  undertake  the  whole 
county  of  Fermanagh,  and  that  he  was  there  represented 
as  coming  from  Rorsbyc,  in  the  county  of  Leicester. 
See  p.   145. 

(4).  Mullalelish. — This  'proportion'  adjoined  Teemore, 
already  mentioned,  and  was  separated  from  the  territory 
of  Clancann  by  the  very  boggy  district  of  Grange. 

(O.  Leggacorry. — This  proportion  was  separated  from 
Mullalelish  by  a  little  stream  marked  on  the  map  as  the 


Aghnarea  river,  but  now  known  as  the  river 
Talla,  no  doubt,  where  it  has  its  source,  and  f 
name  used  on  the  map  to  designate  a  dreuy  an 
bog  which  then  stretched  along  the  whole  t 
separating  the  two  territories  of  Oneilan  and 
Anaghbo  and  part  of  Ballikedjrmore,  the  i 
lands  reserved  from  these  two  proportions  n 
are  separated  by  a  very  formidable  foolung  bo 

(6).  John  Brownlowe. — This  somame  is  1 
Bromloe  and  Bromley  in  State  documents,  bat 
plantation  records  it  takes  the  form  of  Br 
Brownlowe.  John  BroMmlow6,  above  named 
offered  himself  as  an  undertaker  of  lands  i 
stating  that  he  belonged  to  Nottingham;  d 
worth  150/.  per  annum  ;  and  that  be  wanted 
(see  p.  147).  He  was  amongst  the  earliest 
and  he  built  his  castle  and  bawn  in  the  divi 
proportion  called  Derry,  or  the  oak  wood, 
residence  Brownlcwe-Derry. 

(7).  Dotighcoron. — This  proportion,  which 
the  map  in  violet^  the  colour  used  to  distingiw 
the  middle  size,  occupies  the  northern  pofi 
ancient  territory  of  ClanDrassiU,  stretdiing  akx 
of  Lough  Neagh.  The  map  represents  this 
as  containinc"  six  rather  extensive  patches  of  b< 
balliboe  of  Shankeile,  there  is  marked  on  the  1 
less  church,  with  surrounding  trees.  The 
place  where  trees  are  marked  is  Tireniny — ao 
as  in  the  grant —close  to  the  shore  of  Loo^  V 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


261 


ba!ilil>oes ;  Timurye,  Doughcoron,  Taimaghvore,  Knockneseggan,  Lurgyvalyvackan,  Balliblagh,  one 

ballilx>c  each ;  Deny,  one  balliboe  and  }(  of  another ;  Dromonavahir,  Taunaghnoreinkellymory, 

Droirixnonicolla,  Kanagow,  Clonrolla,  one  balliboe  each ;    Lisocorran,  one  balliboe,  and  }(  of 

anotKer;    Lorogine-Itany,   Clan-Igollavorist,    Dunnagreih,    Corakinegeir,    Killaghy,     Tollidegon, 

Tolly connally^  and  Dromonikehemy,  one  balliboe  each ;   in  all    1,500  acres — the  balliboe  of 

Shankill,  and  half  the  balliboe  of  Aghnecloghie,  containing  90  acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grant, 

(^)-      The  premises  are  erected  into  the  manor  of  Doughcoron,  with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and  a 

court  baron.     Total  rent,  8/.  English.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common 

socage.     29  May,  8th  [16 10]. 

4.  Grant  to  James  Matchett  (9),  clerk.  The  small  proportion  of  Kerhanan  (10) — Bocho- 
fflorogh  [Kilocke],  Lisanusky,  Sygoballiotra,  Tassan,  Kerhanan,  Dromon-Igoun,  Lisdriminy, 
Crossevickcholly,  Clonedroll,  Taunagh-Iglassan,  Kern,  Ballinecorrowe,  Taunagh-Icarrabid,  Balto- 
^63^h,  Dromgore,  and  Moyrevertie,  one  balliboe  each ;  containing  in  all,  1,000  acres — the  balliboe 
of  IBallyoughtragh-Igowne,  containing  60  acres,  is  excepted  from  this  grant  The  premises  are 
c^'^^.ted  the  manor  of  Kerhanan,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Total  rent, 
5^-    Cj.  M,     Ho  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     30  May,  8th  [16 10]. 

5.  Grant  to  William  Powell  (11)  of  Castleparke,  within  the  honour  of  Tutbery  in  Stafford  co., 
Es<j^,    The  great  proportion  oi Bailyworran  (12) — Balligonaghie,  one  balliboe;  Aghnaha,  one  and 


C  S  ).  This  grant,  — The  lands  thus  reserved  for  the  church 
^y  ixi  adjoining  divisions,  and  were  separated,  when  the 
"^'^I>  was  niade,  by  a  bog  of  some  extent. 

C^).  James  Matchett. — This  clergyman  came  originally 

^"^'^la  Tremingham,   in  the  county  of  Norfolk.     He  pre- 

^^■*ted  himsejf  in  two  consorts  or  companies  seeking  lands 

*°  Ulster,  his  name  appearing  among  those  of  40  gentle- 

fflCTi  who  wanted  to  undertake  in  Fermanagh,  and  also  on 

"*^    lL«;t  of  Lord  Saye*s  followers.     On  this  list  he  repre- 

*^ted  himself  as  worth  40/.  per  annum,  and  as  wanting 

''^^Oo  acres   of  the  escheated   land.     He  obtainetl  the 

Jj'^^tity  he  desired,  and  was  amongst  the  earliest  patentees. 

^^    soon  found,  probably,  that  he  was  unable  to  plant 

J^T^tish  tenants  and  erect  the  necessary  buildings,  so  he 

^^Posed  of  his  proportion  at  an  early  period,  and  was 

appointed  rector  of  Kilmore.     **  For  valuable  considera- 

Uox^  to  him  given  by  Lord  Viscount  Grandison  [Sir  Oliver 

^^-  John],  he  did  by  his  deed  of  feoffment,  dewly  exe- 

^^^d,  infeoffe  and  confirm  the  said  manor  of  Kerhanan 

^   ^Caman  and  premisses  unto  the  said  Viscount  Grandison 

?^^   his  heirs,  for  ever.     Before  the  day  cf  taking  this 

^oquisition  [January  22,  1621],  the  said  Viscount  Grandi- 

!J|^  and  his  assigns,  and  they  whose  estate  he  hath,  have 

'^'^t  upon  the  said  manor,  a  bawne  or  fort  of  earth  cast 

'^P*  fewer  square,  strengthed  with  pallizadoes,  and  within 

"^^  same  bawne  built  up  a  good  English-like  house,  and 

?^  more  English  houses,  being  all  inhabited  with  English 

^^elies,  and  hath  also  built  up  a  water-mylle  upon  the 

'J]'^^  running  through  the  lande  of  Balteagh  [Ballo-Ieagh], 

"^Qg  parcel!  of  said  proportion."  See  Ulster  Inquisitions^ 

^pnt^h  (7),  Jac  I.     Matchett  was  slain  on  the  first  out- 

o^eakofthe  revolt  in  1641. 


(10).  Kerlianan. — This  proportion  lay  nearly  in  the 
centre  of  the  territory  of  Clanbrassill,  having  the  Upper 
Bann  as  its  western  boundary.  In  the  townland  of 
Ballyoughtragh-Igowne,  there  is  marked  on  the  map  a 
roofless  church,  with  trees  around.  There  are  also 
numerous  trees  in  the  divisions  of  Kerne  and  Tassan, 
along  the  Bann,  and  at  least  half  a  dozen  patches  of  bog 
throughout. 

(11).  Ptxiuell. — This  undertaker  is  described  as  **  one  of 
the  equeries  of  the  King's  stable"  on  the  list  containing 
the  names  of  40  gentlemen  wishing  to  undertake  for  the 
whole  lands  of  P'ermanagh.  His  name  also  appears  in 
Sir  Maurice  Barckley's  consort  or  company,  applying  for 
lands  either  in  **  Onealand  or  Liflfer,"  This  rowell  was 
one  of  a  whole  family  of  brothers  who  had  situations  in 
the  King's  immediate  service.  In  1604,  he  had  a  "grant 
in  reversion,  after  Thomas  Baskervile  of  the  keeping  of 
the  race  at  Malmesbury. "  Thomas  Powell,  probably  his 
son,  had  a  grant  in  161 2,  "on  surrender  of  Richard 
Reading,  of  the  keepership  of  the  stables  at  Hampton 
Court  for  life."  He  sold  this  position  in  the  same  year 
for  600/.,  a  very  large  sum  at  the  period  referred  to. 
{Calettdar  of  State  Papers^  Domestic  series,  James  I., 
1603-1610,  p.  114;  1611-1618,  pp.  117,  160.)  William 
Powell  no  doubt  got  his  grant  of  Bailyworran,  or  (as  it  is 
called  on  the  map)  Ballivoran^  2,000  acres  for  arrears  of 
salary  in  the  King's  stables.  But,  as  he  probably  had 
never  dreamed  of  leaving  his  congenial  haunts  for  a  re- 
sidence in  Ulster,  he  sold  his  interest  almost  immediately 
after  taking  out  his  patent. 

(12).    Ballyioorran. — This    proportion    lay    on    both 
sides  of  the  Upper  Bann,  being  divided  into  about  two 


262 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


'/j  balliboe;    Knocknamocally,  Ballynonaghie,   Ballyvickranell,   Dromon,    Dromonlissnagrellogh^ 
Ballybreagh,    Bally  ha  naghan,     Ballygaragan,     Kilmuckvolmall,    Lanagery    otherwise     Lenaghoi^ 
Edenidery,  Carricke,  Ballivorran,  Concheryn,  Taunagh,  Garravaghy,  Shanevallinegon,  Deraechan:^ 
vile,   Coravracogie,   Soilson,    Corcullintramore,    Corcullintrabeg,    Battrilomoe,     Kilmcmorierta^^ 
[Lirrollytyan],  Dromnasough,  Aghabrackoge,   Dromratally,   Ballyvorghan,  Mehain,  Clona^  o^- , 
balliboe  each ;  in  all  2,000  acres.     The  balliboes  of  Dromgoose  and  Comaleckye,  containing  r 
acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grant.     The  premises  are  erected  into  the  manor  of  Balliworran,  w^  ^ 
600  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.     Total  rent,  10/.  13X.  4d  English.      To  hold  forc\'er^ 
of  the  castle  of  Dubhn,  in  common  socage.     13  June,  8th  [1610]. 

6.  Grant  to  John  Dillon  (13)  of  Aggardsley  Park,  in  Stafford  co.,  Esq.  The  middle  pro{>^. 
tion  of  Mullabane  (14)— Rathdromgreny,  Cloghan,  Alturke,  Mullanesillagh,  Dromnesoti^ 
Killnemanin,  Tirecharry,  Dromogher,  Killmerhugh,  Mullahane,  Tirenescobbe,  Killivuny,  Dromodt 
Ballivraner,  Graunge,  one  balliboe  each  ;  in  all  1,500  acres — the  balliboes  of  MuUaloughen^gh, 
containing  90  acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grant.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of 
Mullabane,  with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Total  rent,  8/.  English.  To  bold 
forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     13  June,  8th  [1610]. 

7.  Grant  to  William  Br oiunlowe  (15),  gent.  The  small  proportion  of  BaUynemotiy  {li^ — - 
Derritagh,  Ballineverewe,  Derryada,  Derreinver,  Derryasny,  Anardevore,  one  balliboe  each  : 
Derr}'vicasse,  one  and  '/a  balliboe ;  Bechonill,  one  balliboe ;  Knockrawre,  one  and  '/j  balliboe  ; 
Ballynemany,  Tanaghvore,  Leggachory,  Moynrege,  Tollygalla,  Teghevan,  one  balliboe  each ;  in 
all,  1,000  acres.  The  balliboe  of  Kinenereganbeg,  containing  60  acres,  is  excepted  from  this 
grant  (17).  The  premises  are  erected  into  the  manor  of  Ballynemony,  with  300  acres  in  demesne, 
and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  5/.  6y.  %d,  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in 
common  socage.     18  June,  8th  [16 10]. 


equal  portions  by  that  river,  and  occupying  the  southern 
extremities  of  both  Clanbrassill  and  Clancann,  in  the  pre- 
cinct or  barony  of  Oneilan.  On  the  Clanbrassill  or 
eastern  side  of  the  Bann  a  wood  is  marked  on  the  map  ; 
but  on  the  Clancann  side  there  appear  comparatively  few 
trees.  On  the  extreme  southern  jjoint  of  Clanbrassill, 
near  the  Bann,  appears  a  moated  castle  called  Knock- 
Itallybryanhuy,  The  lands  reserved  for  the  church  from 
this  grant,  viz.,  Connaleckeye  and  Dromgoose  lie  together, 
and  m  the  latter  appears,  on  the  map,  a  ruinous  church. 

(13).  John  Dillon. — This  undertaker's  name  appears 
on  two  lists  of  j>ersons  offering  for  lands.  He  was  one  of 
Sir  Maurice  Barckley's  consort,  simply  styling  himself  of 
Stafford  ;  and  wanting  to  undertake  for  2,cxx>  acres.  On 
the  list  of  those  who  proposed  for  lands  in  Fermanagh,  his 
name  and  address  are  written  **  John  Dillan,  of  Agarstey 
Park,  in  county  of  Stafford."  He  was  one  of  the  most 
active  and  ener^getic  of  the  undertakers  in  Ulster.  His 
residence,  which  he  called  Castle-Dillon,  was  built  about 
one  mile  and  a  half  northward  from  the  city  of  Armagh, 
and  at  al>out  the  centre  of  his  own  manor. 

(14).  Mullabane, — On   the   map,   this   proportion,    in 


Oneilan  Proper,  bordering  on  the  baronies  of  Aniu^ 
and  the  Fewes,  is  represented  as  entirely  free  from  wonJ 
and  bog.  There  appears  no  church ;  its  90  acres  uf 
church  land  lay  near  Armagh. 

(15).  William  Brtwnlawe.  —This  nndeitaker  was  v»^ 
John  Brownlowe  mentioned  abovc^  and  bccane  at  ■>' 
fluential  person  in  his  adopted  locality.  On  the  deaib  u 
his  father,  he  inherited  the  middle  propoitioD  of  Do^S^ 
corron.     See  note  7. 

(16).  Ballynemony*  — This  proportion  lay  00  lhe«alhfl» 
shore  of  Lough  Neagh,  stretching  from  the  upper  Btf* 
eastward  to  John  Brownlowe's  proportioa  of  DoogiKaf^ 
and  southward  to  James  Matchett's  proportioo  of  Kf^ 
hanan.  On  the  map  are  marked  several  patdies  0^^ 
and  much  wood  along  the  side  of  the  Baan.  A  Kw 
river  called  Kincregan  flows  through  ^this  proportkii  iil' 
Lough  Neagh,  diWding  it  along  ft  considenble  fS^ 
from  that  of  Kerhanao. 

(17).  This  irani.— The  lands  reserved  for  the  d** 
from  the  two  proportions  of  Kerhanan  and  BaUpc*^ 
lay  far  apart,  but  were  combined  to  form  the  incMiab^' 

living. 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


263 


nt  to  William  Stanhowe  (18).  The  middle  proportion  of  Kannagolah  (19) — Derr}'eagh, 
\ ;  Clanvickell,  one  balliboe  ;  Derrylard,  one  balliboe  ;  Neavore,  7,  balliboe ;  Breagh, 
e ;    Clanchor,    one    balliboe ;    Derryloste,   one   balliboe ;    Muchery,    one    balliboe ; 

one  balliboe ;  Derrinragh,  one  balliboe ;  Dromnagh,  one  balliboe ;  Clontelewe,  one 
)nimleshim,  one  balliboe ;  Drumenaliffe,  one  balliboe ;  Derrychenan,  one  balliboe ; 
id  Derryan,  one  balliboe ;  Derryada,  one  sessiagh ;  Taghlagohir,  2  sessiaghs ; 
h,  one  balliboe ;  Clainnartin,  one  balliboe;  Annakerath,  one  balliboe;  in  all,   1,500 

premises  created  the  manor  of  Kannagolah,  with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court 
:al  rent,  8/.  English,  to  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage. 
Sio].     See  Ulster  Inquisitions y  Armagh  (3),  Car.  I. 

It  Xojohn  Heron  (20),  gent.  The  small  proportion  oi  Aghivillan  (21) — Broughes,  one 
aharra,  one  and  "/e  balliboe ;  Chorischingeriff,  one  balliboe ;  Annaghgourah,  one  and 

Ballinra,  one  balliboe ;  Taunagh-Inin,  one  balliboe ;  Tenich-Icheill,  one  balliboe ; 
balliboe  ;  Aghavillan,  one  balliboe ;  Legganah,  one  and  7,  balliboe ;  Comamucklagh, 
J ;  Ballifredy,  one  balliboe ;  Levallydromare,  one  balliboe ;  Dromallis,  one  balliboe ; 
s,  one  balliboe ;  and  Naenore,  7a  balliboe ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  Also,  the  small 
3f  Broughes  (22) — Culson,  one  and  7«  balliboe;  Dromheriif,  one  and  7*  balliboe; 
one  and  73  balliboe  ;  Roaghan,  one  and  73  balliboe ;  Dromenan,  one  and  7^  balliboe  ; 

one  balliboe ;  Tyvalkanny,  one  balliboe ;  Kananafy,  one  balliboe ;  Kananeale,  one 
x)e  ;  Kannagoulagh,  one  balliboe  ;  Cranagill,  one  balliboe  ;  Moygardy,  one  balliboe ; 
»ne  balliboe;  Annaghmore,  one  balliboe;  and  Coppony,  one  balliboe;  in  all,  1,000 
3alliboes  of  Corron  and  Annaghbeg,  containing  60  acres  each,  are  excepted  from  this 

premises  are  created  one  manor,  by  the  name  of  Agivillan  and  Broughus,  with  600 
,  and  a  court  baron.  Total  rent,  10/.  13^.  4//.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the 
blin,  in  common  socage.     23  July,  [         ]. 


rivc. — The  names  of  William  Str.nhowc  and 
1,  appear  on  the  list  of  Lord  Sayc's  consort, 
^present  themselves  as  worth  "150/.  per 
;(X)d.s"  and  as  wanting  to  undertake  2,cxx) 
ealande  only."  On  the  list  of  names  of 
.nosing  for  the  lands  of  Fermanagh,  is  the 
ry  Slanhaughe,  of  Norwich,  in  co.  Norfolk." 
Villiam  Stanhowe  does  not  appear  in  the 
Rolls  of  James  I.,  although  it  was  duly 
time  above  specified.  He  was  among  the 
idertakers  to  take  out  his  patent,  his  pro- 
being  called  Kannagolan. 
jgolah. — This  proportion  lay  in  the  old  Irish 
ancann,  stretching  nearly  its  whole  lengtli 
south.  A  large  portion  of  the  lands  in 
ly  on  the  south-western  shore  of  Ivough 
>per  Bann  being  its  eastern  boundar}*  from 
far  southward  as  the  large  proportion  of 
r  Ballyvoran  already  noticed  as  belonging 
1.  On  the  map,  Kannagolah  is  represented 
wockIs  and  bogs.     It  has  its  rootless  church 


also  duly  marked  ;  and  near  the  shore  of  I,ough  Neagh 
there  appears  an  enclosed  space  called  Maghery-Greny 
in  which  a  rather  conspicuous  dwelling-house  is  marked. 
This  probably  was  the  last  residence  of  the  MacCanu 
chiefs. 

(20).  John  Heron » — This  name  does  not  appear  among 
those  recorded  in  connection  \vith  any  consort  or  company 
projK)sing  for  lands,  and  we  are  unable  to  say  whence  he 
came,  or  indeed  anything  beyond  the  fact  that  he  was  an 
English  undertaker. 

(21)!  Aghhillan. — This  proportion,  called,  Achfitillan 
on  the  map,  lay  in  the  Irish  territory  of  Clancann, 
bordering  on  Kannagolah  and  Ballyvoran  already  men- 
tioned. It  is  represented  on  the  map  as  generally  wooded 
and  boggy. 

(22).  Brouf^hes. — This  proportion,  called  Brattghus  on 
the  map,  lies  partly  in  the  old  territory  of  Oneilan,  but 
the  greater  portion  of  it  belongs  to  Clancann.  It  adjoins, 
on  one  side,  the  great  bog  of  TaTla ;  and,  at  other  points,  the 
proportions  of  Aghavillan  and  Kannagolah. 


■«;'Sw 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


265 


^  7,  balliboe ;  Ballygonnell,  one  balliboe  ;  Mullamore,  one  balliboe ;  Tullagh,  one  balliboe ; 
lelnagh,  one  balliboe ;  Carragh,  one  balliboe ;  Killileagh,  one  balliboe ;  [Tategally],  one 
>e  ;  Agher,  one  balliboe  ;  Alteveagh,  7,  balliboe  ;  Chalrem,  7a  balliboe  ;  Knockmonyroe, 
Jliboe ;  Derrycleagh  and  Dromnedelagh,  2  balliboes ;  Loughadowdan,  one  balliboe ; 
■nan,  one  balliboe ;  [Altencagh],  one  balliboe ;  Derryclone,  one  balliboe ;  Derryselly,  one 
)e ;  Tawnenisklagh,  one  balliboe ;  Tullynyyen,  one  balliboe ;  Cullenetra,  one  balliboe ; 
ddar],  one  balliboe ;  Ballymoran,  one  balliboe ;  Ardmakerin,  one  balliboe  j  Dirrinaskoob, 
dliboe ;  Coraemucklogh,  one  balliboe ;  Ballynemullan,  one  balliboe ;  and  Tawnaghmore,  one 
)e ;  in  all,  2,000  acres.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Portclare  and  Ballykirgir, 
GO  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Total  rent,  10/.  13J.  4//.,  English.  To  hold 
r,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.  29  May,  8th  [1610].  See  Inquisitions 
Ur,  Tyrone  (8)  Car.  I. 

.  Grant  to  John  Leigh  (28),  gent  The  large  proportion  of  Fentonagh  (29),  containing 
tiggill,  one  balliboe  ;  BallinemuUan,  one  balliboe  ;  Killelussie,  one  balliboe  ;  To^vnagheitra, 
)alliboe  ;  Shragduffgawra,  one  balliboe  ;  Garowry,  one  balliboe  ;  Ballineskelgie,  one  balliboe ; 
ghgorrhan,  one  balliboe ;  Edentooderry,  one  balliboe ;  Lackaboy,  one  balliboe ;  Tiregrenan, 
alliboe  ;  Tonnoghonewe,  one  balliboe  ;  Tatmoyle,  one  balliboe  ;  Correceskan,  one  balliboe  ; 
lugh,  one  balliboe ;  ToUenshee,  one  balliboe ;  Corbally,  one  balliboe ;  Drumhurke,  one 
oe ;  Shraghmaske,  one  balliboe ;  Mullasilloge,  one  balliboe ;  Kilberry,  one  balliboe ; 
daghan,  one  balliboe;  Skegagowre,  one  balliboe;  Derriaghna,  one  balliboe;  Mullanedrymon, 
balliboe ;  Ardtonny,  one  balliboe ;  Aghebrassill,  one  balliboe ;  Tatfadda,  one  balliboe ; 
aghbane,  one  balliboe ;  Ravarran,  one  balliboe ;  Edenesopj)e,  one  balliboe ;  Lissnegorduffe, 
)alliboe ;  Tatecrewe,  one  balliboe ;  75  o^  ^^  balliboe  of  Gargrame ;  and  Corglasse,  one 
oe;  in  all,  2,000  acres.  Rent,  10/.  131.  4^/.  English.  The  premises  erected  into  the  manor 
ntonagh,  with  600  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of 
n,  in  common  socage  [1610].     See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Tyrone  (38)  Car.  I. 

;.  Grant  to   Walter  Edney,  Esq,,  and  Thomas  Edney  (30),  gent,  his  brother.      The  middle 


Ts,  to  which  burgesses  he  is  to  assign  houses  and 
and  30  acres  for  a  common,  at  the  rent  of  4//.  each 
i,  to  hold  a  fair  yearly  at  Glaslough  in  Monaghan 

on  5  Nov.  and  day  following,  with  courts  of 
der  and  the  usual  tolls  ;  rent,  6s.  Set.  Irish.  To 
>r  ever,  as  of  the  Castle  of  Dublin,  in  common 
22  April,  iith  [1613].  Roveagh,  the  church 
served  from  the  proportion  of  Ballykii^ir,  was 
.  to  Hugh  Carter,  rector  or  vicar  of  Errigallkeroge. 
•rrin's  Calendar ^  Charles  I.,  p.  324. 
Jokn  Leigh, — This  gentleman  was  one  of  three 
s  well  known  in  connection  with  the  history  of 
riod  in  Ulster,  or  strictly  speaking,  in  Tyrone. 
1st    have    purchased    this    proportion   from    Sir 

Willoughby  at  an  early  date,  as  the  latter  had 
on  probably  before  he  had  got  out  a  patent. 
;hby  was  one  of  the  earliest  undertakers  to  get  his 


1    I 


(29).  Fentonagh. — This  proportion  occupies  on  the  map 
the  whole  north-western  comer  of  the  barony  or  precinct 
of  Clogher.  Its  shape  is  distinctly  triangular  ;  and  its 
surface  appears  unencumbered  alike  with  wood  or  bog. 
There  are  discrepancies  in  the  spelling  of  several  denomi- 
national names  in  the  above  grant,  as  they  appear  on  the 
map  and  in  the  inquisition  from  which  we  have  quoted. 
The  time  that  had  elapsed  between  1609  and  the  38th  of 
Charles  I.n  may  have  introduced  most  of  these  ortho- 
graphical varieties. 

(30).  Edney. — These  brothers  came  to  Ireland  during 
the  progress  of  the  war  with  Hugh  O'Neill,  but  whence 
or  under  whose  auspices  they  came,  we  are  unable  to 
state.  The  probability  is,  however,  that  they  were  em- 
ployed in  the  special  services  of  Sir  George  Carew,  who 
sent  the  elder  brother,  Walter,  as  a  spy  into  Spain, 
and  probably  to  assist  in  securing  the  assassination  of, 
Hugh  Roe  O'Donnell.      Edney  had  associates  in  his 


266 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


proportion  of  Ballyloughmaguiffc  (31),  containing  the  lands  of  Tempane,  7,  of  a  balliboe. 
Mullamore  and  Tattenemeagh,  one  balliboe  each ;  Losralesy,  one  and  '/,  balliboe ;  CoUeneinah^H 
one  balliboe ;  Tirrecharry,  one  balliboe ;  half  the  balliboe  of  Loughermore ;  Tatenellan,  on^^ 
balliboe ;  Cullentra,  one  balliboe ;  Aghekenicon,  one  balliboe ;  Mullaneveall,  one  baUflx>e^ 
Shraduffe,  one  balliboe ;  Cornegreeh,  one  balliboe  ;  Cullentragh,  one  balliboe ;  Gardroroen,  01^ 
balliboe ;  Dromgoishe,  one  balliboe ;  Altnemess,  one  balliboe ;  Gortamore,  one  ballibo^^ 
Ballyveddan,  one  balliboe ;  Ardecleagh,  one  balliboe ;  Brackly,  one  balliboe ;  Ballynelaigaiiy  01 
balliboe;  Corcreeneh,  one  balliboe;  Ballynemenagh,  one  balliboe;  Golane,  one  balliboe;  half 
balliboe  of  Ballyranally ;  in  all,  1,500  acres;  the  balliboe  of  Lisraheck'e  and  the  7,  balliboe  ^ 
Loughermore  are  excepted  from  this  grant.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Ridgew;^^ 
with  500  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  8/.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  ^f^ 
castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ubte^: 
31  January,  8th  [1610-1611].     Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Tyrone  (6)  Car.  I. 

4.  Grant  to   George  Ridgeway  (32),  gent.     The  small  proportion  of   BaiiymiukiU  (jj^ 
containing  the  towns  and  lands  of  Cavanballygally,  2   balliboes;  Tullyglas,   Bally-Intine, 
Lattry,   one    balliboe  each;    Sesshian,    7,  of  a  balliboe;    Clonecoyle,    Mullancrewe, 
Ballinemanagh,    Dromquillin,    Lisarlonan,    Lisarwiry,    and    Clonebrony,    one    balliboe    etdm  9 
Darrimeene,  one  and  73  balliboe ;  Lismore  and  Killebricke,  one  balliboe  each  ;  in  all,  1,000 
Rent,  5/.  6s,  Sd.  English.      Tullabrick,  one  balliboe,  containing  60  acres,  is  excepted  out  of  thi 


mission,  named  Arthur  and  Blague,  the  whole  three  being 
seized  by  the  Spanish  authorities,  and  probably  tortured. 
In  the  month  of  March,  1602-3,  Sir  Ch.  Wilmot,  writing 
to  Sir  Geo.  Carew,  stated  that  he  '*had  spoken  with  two 
merchants  who  saw  Edneye  in  the  Groyne  [Corunna],  ^ 
and  doth  report  to  him  to  be  stayed  by  the  Kings' 
[Phillip's]  special  command  ;  he  lieth  in  the  Groyne  rery 
well  lodged  with  great  respect,  and  hath  40  ducats  by  the 
month  allowed  him  for  his  diet,  but  hath  a  guard  attend- 
ing upon  him.  Patricke  Arthur  is  rerj  close  kept,  but 
yet  hath  endured  no  torture.  Blague  is  likewise  held, 
but  living."  They  did  not  fare  so  well  during  the  re- 
maining time  of  their  imprisonment — at  least  £dney  did 
not.  A  King's  letter,  dated  April  30,  1604,  orders  '*a 
daily  pension  of  4/.  Irish  to  Capt.  Watt  Eidney,  during 
life,  for  his  services  in  Spain,  by  the  direction  of  the  pre- 
sident of  Munster  [Sir  George  Carew],  wherein  he  suffered 
imprisonment,  and  other  ill  mtreatie,  to  his  tMfr  undoing, " 
(Patent  Rolls,  James  I.,  p.  65.)  His  brother,  Thomas 
Edney,  was  one  of  those  servitors  specially  recommended 
as  suitable  to  be  admitted  as  undertakers,  but  he  is 
described  as  among  a  class  "who  will  be  cgntent  to 
undertake  with  some  principal  undertakers  their  friends, 
but  not  build  castles,  &c.,  themselves,  unless  by  extra- 
ordinary helps  and  encouragement"  These  brothers  soon 
disappeared,  and  their  proportion  fell  into  other  hands. 

(31).  Bedlyloughmaguiffe, — This  proportion  is  marked 
on  the  map  as  in  the  extreme  south-west  of  the  barony  of 
Clobber ;  and  indeed  it  is  described  in  an  Inquisition  of 
1635  as  lying  in  both  the  counties  of  Tyrone  and  Fer- 


managh. {InquisiHans  of  UUUr^  Tyntks,  Car.  L). 
is  represented  as  mountainous  on  its  eastern  bordcoi 
wooded  in  other  districts. 


(32).  Georg<  Ridgtway, — This  mideftakcr 
Devonshire,  and  was  a  brother  of  Sir  Thomai 
He  was  not  an  officer  in  the  Irish  lenrioe,  bat  wis  a  ^^^ 
sioner  in  receipt  of  pay.     His  name  was  indaded  k  tV 
list  sent  to  London  by  Chichester  of  those  who  we 
likely  to  become  undertakers.    He  is  there  styled  'li 
George  Ridgeway,'  and  b  classed  hj  the  defMtf  fmm 
several  others  "who  may  and  will  undertake  of  thr 
selves  with  some  helps  and  encouragement "  Wheaihe 
lection  was  aflerwaxds  made  under  the  immediate  Mpe 
tendence  of  the  King,  of  those  senritors  mho  wae  t 
undertakers,  this  genUeman's  name  was  not  letunwd 
as  he  was  no  doubt  anxious  to  have  lands,  his  biolktf 
fluence  had  likely  something  to  do  in  obuunti^  ftr 
one  of  the  small  proportions,  which  he,   '  Mr.  Gf 
named   Thomas  Courts  probably  in  honour  of  tk^ 
surer,  his  brother. 

(33).  BallymackelL^ThSa  proportioo  lay  in  th 
east  of  the  barony  adjoining  the  lands  formiiy  Sir 
Ridgeway's  proportion    of   Poitclare    and    Bi 
Ballymackell  had  church  lands  marked  on  its  h 
east,  west,  and  south,  and  00  each  of  such  tiict 
appears  ;  one  of  which,  at  CorballigaUie,is  repf 
roofless.     There  is  also  a  church  marked  or 
within  this  proportion  in  the  divisioci  or  d» 
Cavanballygally. 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


267 


The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Thomas  Court,  with  300  acres  in  demesne ;  power 
Lte  tenures,  and  to  hold  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in 
n  socage,  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     12  July,  9th  [161 1]. 

Grant  to  William  Parsons  (34),  of  the  city  of  Dublin,  Esq.  The  small  proportion  of 
9gh  (35),  containing  the  precinct  [parcel]  of  land  called  Ballaclogh,  otherwise  Ballinclogh, 
I  lands  of  Sheancarragh,  Tawlaght-Ibrony,  Killnekiry,  and  Balltiny,  each  being  one  balliboe  ; 
ile,  one  and  '/s  balliboe ;  Mullaneighane,  Glan-Igeragh,  Corcullen,  Knocknamany,  Cormore, 
laagh,  Doongower,  Ballyaghenewe,  Cloncoose,  Ardnuchine,  and  Lisleagh,  one  balliboe  each ; 
►ssioghrough,  '/a  o^  ^  balliboe;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  The  premises  are  created  into  the 
of  Cecill,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  5/.  6s,  Sd.  English.  To 
Drever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  free  and  common  socage  by  fealty  only,  and 
to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     12  January,  8th  [1610-1611]. 

Grant  to  Wiiiiam  Turvin  (36),  Moyenncr  (37),  containing  the  towns  and  lands  of 
owtra,  Fumaseightra,  and  Almuskan,  one  balliboe  each ;  Altcloghfin,  one  and  7«  balliboe  ; 
:rin  and  Ballym<^Gilleroe,  one  balliboe  each ;  Shantonagh,  one  and  7*  balliboe ; 
Ic,  Tatealtinagor,  Knockuny,  Finowrah,  Cavanaslourt,  Lisgonill,  Tirenesky,  Tatekosker,  and 
arry,  one  balliboe  each  ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  Rent,  5/.  6s,  %d,  English.  The  balliboe  of 
loyennagh,  containing  60  acres,  is  excepted  out  of  this  grant.  The  premises  are  created  the 
of  Moyenner,  with  300  acres  in  demesne ;  pyower  to  create  tenures,  and  to  hold  a  court 

To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  subject  to  the  conditions 
)lantation.     29  April,  9th  [161 1], 


VUliam  Parsons. — See  pp.  153,  1 54.  There  was  a 
'arsons,  a  Jesuit,  who  figured  prominently  at  this 
ing  the  Government  in  England  much  anxiety  and 
but  if  William  Parsons  was  of  the  same  family, 
very  different  career.  The  latter  came  to  Ireland 
mble  capacity,  but  his  cleverness  and  tact  were 
ply  rewarded.  When  Chichester  recommended 
Sadisbury  for  promotion,  he  named  him  **  Mr. 
5,"  and  he  was  thus  probably  known  until  he 
)  aspire  to  a  good  position.  His  uncle.  Sir 
Fenton,  had  also  risen  to  wealth  and  rank  in  this 
and  under  his  auspices  Sir  William  Parsons  had 
:xd  his  public  career.  When  ainving  to  succeed 
:,  Parsons  wrote  a  characteristic  letter  to  Davys, 
;  his  friendly  aid,  of  which  the  following  is  an 
—"The  Lx)rd  Deputy  has  now  written  by  himself 
n  that  behalf  to  some  of  the  best  here,  and  to  the 
I  have  the  Council  here  recommended  him  to  the 
ere.  He  must,  therefore,  now,  before  he  thought 
humble  suitor  to  his  Lordship  to  urge  on  the 
by  his  good  word,  if  he  find  occasion,  whereby 
s  not  but  the  matter  will  succeed  much  the  better, 
not  to  have  been  a  suitor  herein  till  next  summer ; 
occasion  [the  death  of  Fenton]  thus  preventing 
iks  he  cannot  find  better  opportunity  wherein  if 
ship  will  be  pleased  to  assist  him  by  his  word,  he 
'orever  bound  (as  for  many  other  favours)  to  do 
be  honest  services  he  can  here.     And  thus  being 


over-bold  with  him,  yet  presuming  out  of  the  knowledge 
of  his  own  heart  towards  him,  he  takes  leave.  Dublin, 
8  December,  1608." 

(35).  Ballaclogh, — This  proportion  lay  on  the  northern 
border  of  the  barony  of  Clogher,  adjoining  Omagh,  in  a 
rather  picturesque  district,  and  having  the  remarkable  hill 
of  Knockmany,  then  Knocknemaimy,  among  its  attractive 
features.  Parsons  manifested  his  loyalty  in  ^1  conspicuous 
ways,  even  naming  one  of  his  proportions  *Ceciir  an(f 
another  of  them  'Chichester.'  The  former  name  still 
exists,  in  the  district,  as  the  designation  of  a  respectable 
residence  on  the  northern  frontier  of  the  barony. 

(36).  William  Turvin, — We  find  this  name  on  no  list 
of  English  applicants  for  lands  in  Ulster  ;  nor  do  we  know 
whence  he  came.  He  did  come,  however,  in  person,  to 
take  possession,  and  left  his  brother  in  charge  of  his  pro- 
portion. The  lands  were  let  out  to  Irish  tenants,  and 
soon  disposed  of  to  Sir  Gerard  Lowther. 

(37).  Moyenner, — This  proportion  occupied  the  extreme 
north-east  point  of  the  barony,  and  is  represented  on  the 
map  as  free  alike  of  wood  and  bo^.  its  northern  and 
eastern  boundaries  were  lands  belonging  to  the  barony  of 
Dungannon.  Its  sixteen  balliboes  contained  from  one  to 
four  sessiaghs  each,  all  the  sessiaghs  or  sub-divisions 
having  distinct  names.  Sec  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Tyrone 
(7)  Charles  I. 


268 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


7.  Grant  to    Edward  Kingswell   (38),  Esq.      The   small  proportion  of  BaUimnUl   {yffk 
containing  the  towns  and  lands  of  Mullaghbeny,  Proluske,  otherwise  Mullinacorra,  Ballineskellg^agh^ 
Agheesse,  otherwise  Asspatricke,  Knocknegamell,   Cavanegarke,  Tomagh,  otherwise  Lissetonny- 
Shantawnah,  otherwise  Cleighlearne,  Aghityan,  Lisnebyoge,  otherwise  Lislehinch,  and  Ballytony- 
moyan,    one     balliboe    each ;    Ballynelurges,    2    balliboes ;     Ballymullyame,     Aghawalla,     anc 
Mullarahenagh,  one  balliboe  each ;  two-thirds  of  the  balliboe  of  Killany ;  total,  1,000  acres.     Alsc^ 
the  small  proportion  of  Ballinconoly  (40),   containing  the   lands    of  Ballynenessan,    Siansars 
otherwise  Hiansan  and  Carricknegatt,  one  balliboe  each  ;  Ballinemurley  and  Kilnegurdan,  one  aa.<^ 
V3    balliboe;    Ballinecollagh,    Ballinelossott,    Ballyaghagoalla,   Aghytyan,    one    balliboe    eacfc^ 
Gerlawane  and  Anaghnegrady,  one  balliboe ;  Lissrahororan,  one  and  7,  balliboe ;  Aghadona,  01^ 
balliboe ;  Coolenoran,  Knocknecapullkeagh,  and  Daknockbeala,  one  balliboe  [each] ;  Sessiag^ 
m^^Awly,  Aghelarkye,  and  Screbagh,  one  balliboe  each ;  half  of  the  balliboe  of  Balliianally ;  and 
half  of  the  balliboe  of  Dromconragh  ;  total,  1,000  acres.     Rent,  10/.  \y,  4//.     Kedinesharragh  aod 
Ballinebehy,  two  balliboes,    containing    60  acres  each,   are  excepted  out  of  this  grant     The 
premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Ballyranill,  with  600  acres  in  demesne ;  power  to  create  tenure^ 
and  to  hold  a  court  baron.      To  hold  forever,  as   of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  conunon  soqge^ 
subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     28  October,  nth  [161 3]. 

8.  Grant  to  fF/7//Viw  (?ii^^  (41),  gent   The  large  proportion  called  Z>^/77^n/ and  ATfilZffxjr  (43). 

III.— The  Precinct  of  Omey  (43),  county  of  Tyrone. 
I.  Grant  to  George  Tuchet^  Lard  Audley^  and  Elisabeth  his  wife  (44).     The  great  propoitioo 


(38).  Edward  Kingswell. — This  name  does  not  appear 
on  any  list  we  have  met  either  of  servitors  in  Ireland,  or 
of  those  who  offered  themselves  as  undertakers  from  Eng- 
land. Kingswell,  however,  must  have  belonged  to  one 
or  other  of  these  two  classes.  He  only  retained  his  lands 
for  the  short  period  of  three  years  ;  he  did  not  take  out 
his  patent  until  16 1 3,  and  he  sold  the  two  proportions 
above-named  in  May,  1 616. 

(39*  40).  Balliranill  and  Ballinconoly.  —  By  an  In- 
(|uisition  it  was  found  that  these  "proportions  lie  adjoin- 
ing together,  betwixt  the  church  land  of  Clougher  on  the 
east  and  south-east,  the  corporation  land  of  Ogher 
[Acher]  and  the  church  land  of  Clougher  on  the  south 
and  south-west ;  the  proportion  of  BalTyloughmaniff  and 
the  county  of  Fermanagh  on  the  west  and  north-west ; 
and  the  watercourse  called  Lynnyloury  and  the  propor- 
tion of  Fentonnagh  on  the  north."  (See  Inquisitions  of 
Ulster,  Tyrone  (49)  Car.  I.)  On  the  map  "Balle-nc- 
conly"  lies  south-west  of  "Balle  Ranill,"  and  is  repre- 
sented as  much  wooded,  with  ahnost  no  bog. 

(41).  IViiliam  Glegge. — This  name  appears  on  no  list 
of  servitors  or  English  undertakers  we  have  seen,  and  we 
know  not  to  what  place  in  England  he  belonged.  He 
disposed  of  his  interest  at  an  early  date  to  Sir  Anthony 
Cope,  the  fact  of  his  having  done  so  being  known  in  161 1. 

(42).  Derrybard  and  Killany. — ^The  sub-divisions  of 
these  proportions  are  not  recorded.  The  proportion  of 
Denybara,  which  reached  to  the  extreme  northern 
boundary  of  Clogher,  was  separated  by  a  mountain  range 
from  Leigh's  proportion  of  Fentonagh  on  the  west,  its 


eastern  boundary  being  part  of  Omagfa.  The  proportki 
of  Killany  lay  due  south  of  Denybaro,  which  it  ad^onedi 
and  was  bounded  on  the  east  hj  Panons's  proportidiof 
BaUaclogh  or  Cedll,  on  the  south  by  the  chwA  Mi 
of  Clogher,  and  on  the  west  by  parts  of  the  two  pRip>^ 
tions  of  Balleranill  and  Fentonagh.  Both  Derntedtfl 
Killany  are  represented  on  the  map  as  woodea,  ad  tk 


latter  as  containing  a  smaU  quanti^of  bog. 

This  precmcc  01 
is  bounded  on  the  nortli  by  the  county  of  Doocfdadtk 


(43).   Omey.^Set  pp.  29^  l6a 


inctorbmif 


barony  of  Strabane;  on  the  east,  by  the  barony  of  Dmpi—? 
on  the  south,  by  the  barony  of  Clogher  and  the  omtf^ 
Fermanagh ;  and  on  the  west,  by  the  counties  olFamut^ 
and  Donegal.  The  map  of  1609  difiers  horn  Aeifc^ 
actual  and  correct  boundaries  in  two  points.  It  mmtuH 
the  barony  of  Omagh  as  bounded  on  the  east  by  um^ 
non  and  Strabane,  and  on  the  west  by  Fennaaigl  oaf 
This  large  precinct  or  barony  rontaini  no  loi  tlii 
224,674  acres,  and  it  was  haadeia  over  to  6ve  aadertilA 
who  are  represented  as  having  had  (mly  1 1,000  acns  db* 
tributed  amongst  them  all !  But  the  tevcxal  piopailioM 
held  by  them  are  shown  on  the  map  as  oomprinag  ^ 
whole  barony,  with  the  exception  of  seven  psicai* 
church  lands — mosthr  very  small — scattered  over  it 

(44).  //is  wife. — For  Lord  Andley's  fiunily»  see  ppi  71^ 
135,136.    His  lady's  name  sometimes  incoriccthraiBCBi 
as  iMcy.     She  was  Elisabeth,   dauriiter  of  Sv  ]■■» 
Mervyn,  of  FonthiU,  Wiltshire,  and  by  ker  ks  Wi  t 
numerous  fiunily.     He  was  created  Earl  of  < 
September,  1616. 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES.  269 

!  {45),  containing  Derieriagh,  Namoda,  Eskermore,  Radaragan,  Barhagh,  Cooleskera, 
les,  Vauchran,  Anosinah,  Ardlochra,  Derriowire,  Derriowire,  Clenure,  Keilchome, 
,  Ballyculla,  Aghnagarty,  Ballihallegan,  Ballykeile,  Tolloneal,  Ramacrame,  Aurattagh, 
ine,  Bally-Intrim,  Cloghow,  Taghaneglea,  Cavanredagh,  Glann-Inny,  Teneregeigh, 
;r,  Ballinchorig,  and  Aghalane,  one  balliboe  each  ;  Ballinegellin,  '/j  of  a  balliboe  ; 
>wgowlin,  73  of  ^  balliboe;  total,  2,000  acres.  Rent,  10/.  135.  4//.  English.  The 
and  patronage  of  Termonmaguoirk  rectory  and  vicarage.  Also,  the  small  proportion  of 
S),  containing  the  lands  of  Dougherie,  Totekeile,  and  Nasircassa,  one  balliboe  each ; 
ne  and  7,  balliboe ;  Lissarrae  and  Achorrow,  one  balliboe  each  ;  Kildorow,  one  and 
I ;  Raskany,  Derrenchorrowhy,  Nahany,  Tirwony,  Ramocone,  Lislea,  Cornacamqun,  and 
le  balliboe  each  ;  73  of  the  balliboe  of  Racassan,  next  Brauar  ;  total,  1,000  acres.     Rent, 

To  hold  to  them  and  the  heirs  of  their  bodies.     The  lands  created  into  the  manor  of 

th  900  acres  in  demesne  ;  power  to  create  tenures,  and  to  hold  a  court  baron.     To  hold 

of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation 

12  March,  8th  [1610-11]. 
ant  to  Sir  Marvin  TucJut  (47),  Knif^ht     The  great  proportion  of  Brad  (48),  containing 
Glassdrom,   Derryliny,   and  Tollyvolly,  one  balliboe  each ;    Laghirish,    Lesnahaunen, 
)irrivickanan,  Shranecor,  Eadanmagehy,  Mollaghmine,  Corgromady,  Cornetry,  Cynoge, 

Bodony,  Cavanmarrane,  Derreleagh,  Monegare,  Annagh,  Derrinagle,  Gravon, 
h,  Derredoghill,  Donalarge,  Trelick,  Dromnagough,  Carabony,  Ballyard,  Eadenegonen, 
►ck,  Laghederge,  Ughtavow,  Vehagh,  Onan,  Glangine,  Rahannagh,  Minegare,  and 
a,  */3  balliboe  each ;  Shraghloughart,  Timory,  Aghnahowe,  Lisnamraher,  Negullavolly, 
r,  Aghavella,  Comaleghy,  Lettergesse,  Coronally,  Esker,  Lettery,  and  Aghadare,  one 
Lch  ;  Ballioghill,  one  and  7*  balliboe  ;  Bodony  and  Mullanagough,  one  balliboe  each ; 
one  and  \'^  balliboe;  and  Gortcow,  one  balliboe  ;  total,  2,000  acres.  Rent,  10/.  i^s.  4</. 
Created  the  manor  of  Stouy,  with  600  acres  in  demesne  ;  power  to  create  tenures,  and 
.  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage. 
8th  [1610-11]. 

igh. — ^This  proportion  is  represented  on  the  1616-17;   and  at  the  last-mentioned  date  Sir  Mervyn 

pying  the  eastern  border  of  the  barony,  and  Tuchet  became  second  earl,  as  well  as  Baron  Andley. 

versed  by  two  streams,  the  Dromlester  and  This  nobleman  was  condemned  for  certain  high  crimes, 

rhe  surveyors  found  in  it  several  patches  of  and  executed  on  Tower  Hill  in  1631.     He  married,  1st, 

woods.  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  co-heir  of  Benedict  Bamham, 

>«^. — This  proportion  adjoined  that  of  Fynagh,  alderman  of  London;    and  2ndly,   Anne,   daughter  of 

rthward  to  the  vicinity  of  the  town  of  Omagh,  Ferdinando   the   Earl   of  Derby,    and  widow  of   Grey 

rd  as  far  as  the  boundary  with  Clogher  barony.  Bridges,  Lord  Chandos.     By  the  first  lady  he  left  a  large 

river  flowed  along  a  part  of  the  southern  family. 

Rarone  and  along  its  whole  western  boundar}'.  (48).  Brad. — This  proportion   lay  along  the  western 

several  patches  of  bog  but  no  woods.     On  its  border  of  the  barony,  adjoming  Fermanagh.     It  contained 

bounds   stood  the  old  castle  and  fort   of  several   portions   of  bog,    and  large  patches  of   wood, 

rented  on  the  map  as  at  some  distance  from  especially  on  its  western  side,     ft  contained  also  the 

le  latter  standing  on  church  land,  in  a  north-  church  lands  of  Magherylagha,  Kilskerry,  and  Dreic;h.  A 

:tion  from  the  castle.  church  is  marked  on  the  map  in  Kilskerry.     Although 

Hn  Tuch^t. — This  knight  was  Lord  Audley*s  this  proportion  was  one  of  the  large  size  of  2,000  acres,  it 

His  father  only  lived  to  enjoy  the  title  of  Earl  is  drawn  on  the  map  in  violet  colour,   and  otherwise 

m  firom   September^   1 61 6,  until   February,  marked  as  if  a  proportion  of  the  middle  size. 


270 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


3.  Grant  to  Sir  Ferdinand  Tuchet  (49),  Knight,  The  great  proportion  of  Fentount^ 
containing  the  lands  of  Crevangora,  Feghrewagh,  Crevan,  Dressoge,  Comemuckloug 
Mulliaghmore,  one  balliboe  each  ;  Rakeragh,  7i  o^  ^  ballil^oe ;  Clononogan,  Tatekeil 
Aghadulla,  one  balliboe  each ;  half  of  Magheri-Inn  balliboe ;  Mollyvory,  Cavan,  ( 
Crannagh,  Ataghvore,  Dromagran,  Glassdromon,  Dounamona,  Bawanagh,  Eadauna 
Aghferan,  Killiconan,  Tatyvolvanna,  and  Ballyneckna,  one  balliboe  each ;  in  Ballinah2 
balliboe ;  Coulkeile,  Dromaraght,  Dromhurke,  Rathkirhin,  Tonnagh,  Corhollagh,  and  Ml 
one  balliboe  each ;  '/j  of  the  balliboe  of  Clangerie ;  half  of  Mollangough  balliboe ;  total, 
acres.  Rent,  10/.  13^.  4//.  English.  Created  the  manor  of  Tuchet,  with  600  acres  in  del 
power  to  create  tenures,  and  to  hold  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  1 
in  common  socage.     12  March,  8th  fi6io-ii]. 

4.  Grant  to  Edward  Blunte  (51),  Esq,  The  small  proportion  of  Eddtrgoule  (52),  con 
the  lands  of  Nareltana,  Lanagea,  Ballynegamoy,  Edergoule,  Donamclowy,  Tollokinny,  1 
chardbody,  Keiltaunagh,  Ballycarmalean,  Dromchonally,  ToUorosse,  Shaskannoure,  M 
Laughtfamey,  Leggacorry,  and  Behagh,  one  balliboe  each  ;  in  Ballynahatly, "/,  of  a  balliboe 
1,000  acres.  Rent,  5/.  6i'.  Zd,  English.  Also,  the  small  proportion  of  Camvracka% 
containing  the  lands  of  Aghanamoile,  Tawnaghwatty,  Mollaghmicana,  Agharegell,  Ta 
Tarloine,  Mollaghtissan,  Taulaght,  Butterey,  Balligonnowtragh,  Carivrackan,  Balliganc 
Lawy,  Syodinan,  Gallwoltry,  and  Cashanahelly,  one  balliboe  each ;  Culbinck,  */,  balliboe 
Doninobber,  '/a  balliboe ;  total,  2,000  acres.  Rent,  5/.  6x.  Zd,  English.  Created  the  ma 
Ardleston,  with  600  acres  iir  demesne  ;  power  to  create  tenures,  and  to  hold  a  court  baroa 
hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     12  March,  8th  [1610-11]. 


(49).  Ttichet. — This  knight  was  second  son  of  old  lord 
Audley,  first  Earl  of  Castlehaven  (see  note  47).  Sir  Fer- 
dinando  married  the  widow  of  Sir  John  Rodney  of  Pilton, 
county  of  Somerset 

(50).  Fentounagh.  —  This  proportion  lay  along  the 
central  part  of  the  southern  boundary  of  Omagh,  and 
comprised  a  section  of  the  ancient  territory  of  Fintonagh, 
which  gave  name  also  to  John  Leigh's  proportion  in  the 
adjoining  barony  of  Clogher  (see  p.  265).  Like  the  latter, 
it  is  also  destitute  of  wood,  as  represented  on  the  map, 
but  not  wantine  in  bogs  and  lalces.  Although  of  the 
larce  size,  it  also  is  incorrectly  drawn  on  the  map  in 
violet  colour,  as  if  it  was  to  be  taken  as  a  middle  propor- 
tion.    For  Fintonagh  see  p.  29. 

(51).  BlunU. — This  gentleman  came  in  Sir  Mervyn 
Audley's  [Tuchet's]  consort,  which  contained  the  name 
of  Sir  Richard  Brooke,  who  did  not  become  an  under- 
taker (see  p.  146).  Edward  Blunte,  who  belonged  to 
Derbyshire,  had  married  Anne,  the  eldest  daughter  of  old 
Ix>rd  Audley,  and  was,  no  doubt,  induced  through  this 
connexion,  to  become  an  undertaker.  He  did  not  keep 
lands  in  Omagh  permanently,  nor  did  he  even  perhaps 
consider  them  worth  any  outlay.  He  went  so  far,  how- 
ever, as  to  have  his  two  proportions  created  a  manor 
named  Ardleston ^  probably  after  his  estate  of  Ilarlatan  in 


Derbyshire.  John  Leigh,  who  held  the  proportioD 
tonagh  in  the  barony  of  Clogher,  writii^  to  t  fr 
April,  161 1,  says  : — "  Has  considered  the  bnsinei 
Mr.  Blunt's  proportion  of  land  ;  finds  there  tie  I 
boes  and  two  parts  of  a  balliboe,  which  belong  tc 
parcel  of  the  abbey  lands.  Considering  varioaft 
and  lastly  the  difficulty  of  drawii^  any  Ei^^Ush  1 
upon  the  same,  protests  he  would  not  take  it  t 
gift,  if  tied  to  perform  the  conditions.  Is  cootent 
Mr.  Blunt  150/.  for  his  patent"  John  Leigh  dwc 
town  of  Omagh,  and  could  manage  land  of  this 
tion  very  skilfully. 

(52).  EddergmU, — This  proportion  lay  also 
southern  border  of  the  barony,  between  Lovd 
proportion  of  Rahone  on  the  east,  and  Sir  Fc 
Tuchet's  proportion  of  Fintonagh  00  the  «c 
river  Dromrath  flowed  on  its  north-eastern  b 
dividing  it  from  the  church  lands  of  BaUytemi 
foure,  Clonachro,  Lassan,  Lorarine,  and  ToUij 

(53).  Carnvrackan. — This  Droportimi  streld 
that  of  Eddeigoule  in  a  nortn-westem  directs 
boundary  line  between  Omagh  and  Stiabaae 
four  lakes,  and  a  part  of  its  western  boondaiy  « 
by  the  river  Fengh. 


GRANTS    AND   GRANTEES. 


271 


ant   to   St'r  John  Davys  (54),   Knight^   attorney-general.      The   small   proportion  of 

ire  (55),  containing  the  lands  of  Dounarea,  Coulavanagh,  Granan,  Dromehinie,  Creleas, 

igh,  Droraeninry,  Dromlewsy,  Ballinebrackie,  Dnimneforraba,  Clonaghmore,  Ballilaghtie, 

Dromranhy,  and  Lorigewy,  one  balliboe  each ;  the  moiety  of  Magherym  balliboe ;  the 

Coulbricke  balliboe  ;   the   third  part  of  a  balliboe  in  Molanevare ;  and  the  like  in 

in  all,  1,000  acres.     Also,  the  small  proportion  of  Gravetagh  (56),  containing  the  lands 

andrin,  Ballinchavan,  Kilchlin,  Lisnaclony,  Castlannadergy,  Nerebulrewy,  Aghacoran, 

isalahard,  Maghereynageragh,  Lisaline,  Gravetagh,  Kilbovill,  MoUyvrestlan,  Ardvaran, 

nois,  one  balliboe  each ;  and  two  third  parts  of  a  balliboe  in  Molanavare ;  in  all,  1,000 

:  balliboes  of  Loughlagarda  and  Corowcorkeran,  containing  60  acres  each,  are  excepted 

prant     Both  proportions  are  erected  into  one  manor  by  the  name  of  Clonaghmore  and 

,  with    600  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.     Total  rent,   10/.  13^.  4//.  English. 

)rever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     28  June,  8th  [16 10]. 

IV.    The  Precinct  of  Liffer  (57),  barony  of  Raphoe  and  county  of  Donegal. 

ant  to  Henry  Clare  (58)  of  Stanfield  Hall,  Norfolk  Co.  The  middle  proportion  of 
%r  [Shragmirlar],  containing  the  lands  of  Teevickmoy,  one  quarter;  Donmoyle,  one 
'irecullin,  one  quarter ;  Garwirie,  one  quarter ;  Shraghnurlar,  one  quarter ;  7"  P^^s  of 
r  of  Newna  next  to  the  quarter  of  Teadanmore ;  and  the  '/„  parts  of  the  quarter  of 
an ;  in  all,  1,500  acres ;  nine  out  of  twenty-one  parts  of  the  quarter  of  Knockgarron, 

93  acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grant  (59),     The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of 
lar,  with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.      Total  rent,  8/.  English.      To  hold 

of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     18  July,  8th  [16 10]. 
ant  to  William  Willson  (60).     The  small  proportion  of  Aghagalla^  within  the  precinct  of 


ys,  —  These  undertakers  in  the  barony  of 
led  a  family  party  of  themselves,  Sir  John 
Iready  stated,  having  married  Eleanor,  the 
ghter  of  old  Lord  Audley.  This  lady,  after 
ath,  married  Sir  Archibald  Douglas. 

aghmore. — This  proportion  lay  in  the  central 
twirony,  and  abounded  in  woods  and  lakes. 
:m  boundary  there  is  a  ruined  church  called 
I  on  its  north-western  limit  were  four  balliboes 
d 

*€tagh. — This  proportion  stretched  northward 
'  Clonaghmore,  and  occupied  a  peninsular- 
it  running  into  Tirconnell  or  Donegal,  further 
astle  Derg.  This  stronghold  is  marked  on 
d  named  Caslanna  Dcrigi.  The  whole  pro- 
nply  supplied  with  woods  and  lakes,  but  no 
ked  on  the  map. 

r, — The  baronial  maps  of  Tyrconnell  or 
yet  discovered. 

y   Clare,  —  This  gentleman   first   presented 

e  consort  of  Sir  Henry  Hclmes  [Holmes  ?] 

only  one  of  that  consort  who  became  an 


undertaker.    (Sec  p.  148).    He  is  styled  Sir  Henry  Clare 
in  the  following  year,  161 1. 

(59).  This  grant, — The  lands  of  7>«/ir/tw^?y  consisted 
of  three  sub-divisions,  known  as  Teevickmoymore,  Teevick- 
moybegg,  and  Lettermekanon ;  the  lands  of  Donmoyle 
contained  three  parcels,  viz.,  Dunmoyle,  Gortneclogh, 
and  Ardmeran ;  the  lands  of  Tirecullin  contained  the 
three  sub-divisions  called  Tirecullin,  Castlefynne,  and 
Killrosse  ;  the  quarter  of  Garivirit  consisted  of  the  three 
parcels  called  Garivirie,  Treanamullin,  and  Curtinlater : 
the  quarter  of  Shraghmirler  contained  Shraghmirlir, 
Mollindrit,  and  Tryenophore-Mafarra  als.  Loughforre ; 
and  the  quarter  of  Teadanmore  contained  12  sessiaghs, 
viz.,  Straghteadanmore,  Gortscurren,  Stranaghunshenagh, 
Edenmore,  Dnimnecnmough,  Cluncovit,  Knocke,  Keene- 
leator,  Drenanmore,  Angillie,  and  Corevemon.  See 
Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Donegal  (lo)  Car.  I. 

(60).  Willson. — This  undertaker  came  from  Bolton,  in 
the  county  of  Suffolk,  and  belonged  to  Sir  William  Har- 
moneys  company.  Although  there  were  eight  others  in 
that  band  not  one  of  them  but  himself  became  an  under- 
taker (see  p.  147).  At  first  he  only  contemplated  the  ob* 
taining  of  one  proportion  of  1,000  acres. 


272 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Liffer,  containing  Aghagalla,  one  quarter ;  Treanteboy,  one  quarter ;  Dromgonillan,  one  < 
Killemy,  one  quarter  ;  half  of  Knocknagarran  quarter  ;  '/«  parts  of  the  quarter  of  Killcleni 
to  the  quarter  of  Killenure ;  in  all,  looo  acres.  Also,  the  small  proportion  of  Convoy 
Convoigh,  one  quarter ;  Fondrome,  one  quarter ;  Carrickbrack,  one  quarter ;  Rousky,  one  \ 
Magheriebehy,  one  (quarter ;  %  parts  of  the  quarter  of  Tullydonnell ;  in  all  i,ooo ;  J^ 
the  quarter  of  Fanedorcke  ;  and  Y^g  part  of  the  quarter  of  Tullydonell,  containing  1 20  ac 
excepted  from  this  grant.  The  premises  are  created  into  the  manor  of  Aghagalla  and  O 
with  600  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Total  rent,  10/.  13J.  4//.  English.  To  hold 
^  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     18  July,  8th  [16 10]. 

3.  Grant  to  Edivard  Russell  (61),  Esq,  The  middle  proportion  of  Acharin^  co 
Cavanonagh,  one  quarter  ;  Carrickenemano,  one  quarter  ;  Mallanefeny,  one  quarter ;  Acha 
quarter ;  Corgirie,  one  quarter ;  Lehardan,  one  quarter ;  Vn  parts  of  the  quarter  of  Ball 
next  to  Carricknemano ;  and  V„  parts  of  the  quarter  of  Kilcleverint,  next  to  Cavanonagh  ( 
in  all,  1,500  acres ;  nine  out  of  twenty-two  parts  of  Kilcleverint  quarter,  containing  90  a< 
excepted  from  this  grant  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Acharin,  with  450  ; 
demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Total  rent,  8/.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of 
in  common  socage.     7  July,  8th  [i6io]. 

4.  Grant  to  Sir  William  Barnes  (62),  Knt.  The  middle  proportion  of  h 
containing  Carnonen,  one  quarter ;  Argirie,  one  quarter ;  Monyn,  one  quarter ;  Man 
quarter;  Ballyarrall,  one  quarter;  T^vally-Caslan  7a  quarter;  Magheriereogh,  one  < 
Drombane,  one  quarter ;  and  7«  parts  of  the  quarter  of  Altcangilla  quarter,  containing  90  ai 
excepted  from  this  grant.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Manister,  with  450 
demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Total  rent,  8/.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of 
in  common  socage.     19  July,  8th  [1610]. 

5.  Grant  to  Capt,  Ralphe  Mansfield  (63).  The  small  proportion  of  Kilnaguerdan^  coi 
Carricknabanagh,  one  quarter  ;  Laghtycarylan,  one  quarter ;  Kilnaguerdan,  one  quarter ;  1 
one  quarter ;  */„  part  of  the  quarter  of  Altcangilla,  next  Muckall ;  Vu  parts  of  the  qo 


(61).  Kussdl. — This  undertaker*s  name  appears  on  Sir 
Maurice  Berkeley's  consort,  and  we  know  from  an  In- 
quisition (Donegal  (ii)  Car.  I.)  that  he  was  of  London. 
Pynnar  afterwards  styles  him  Captain  Russell.  This 
Edward  Russell  sold  his  interest  in  the  lands  above- 
named,  soon  after  he  took  out  his  patent,  to  John  (after- 
wards Sir  John)  Kingsmill. 

(62).  Barms. — This  undertaker  had  no  sooner  taken 
out  his  patent  than  he  sold  the  lands  to  Captain  Edward 
Russell  above-named.  The  name  of  Sir  William  Barnes 
appeared  in  none  of  the  consorts  or  companies  seeking 
lands  in  Ulster,  and  he  must  have  been  presented  through 
some  other  channel.  He  must  have  been  knighted  in 
161 1,  as  in  the  preceding  year,  June  7,  he  writes  simply 
as  Wm.  Barnes,  in  conjunction  with  Wm.  Combes,  to 
Salisbury,  for  a  discharge  of  the  arrears  paid  by  them  to 
the  Earl  of  Northampton  for  the  manors  of  KUlingworth 


and  Ladbroke.  In  the  month  of  August,  he  ' 
one  of  three  lessees  of  the  lands  of  SirRobert  E 
Salisbury.  The  other  two  were  Sir  Richard  V< 
Edward  Boughton.  Their  joint  letter  was  di 
Warwick.  In  161 7  Sir  William  Barnes  ai 
Lydyard  had  licence  to  keep  a  weekly  maikcC 
yearly  fairs  at  Woolwich,  at  the  request  and  far 
fit  of  the  inhabitants.  (See  Caiendar^  DooMtf 
James  L,  1603-10,  pp.  517,  528,  532;  1611-1S 
Sir  William  was  evidently  a  q>eculator  in  od 
besides  Ulster. 

(63).  Mansfield, — It  is  not  known  firtmi  any  I 
plicants,  whence  this  servitor  came,  except  tin 
have  been  an  Englishman.  He  dwelt  <m  his  ] 
of  Kilnaguerdan  ^ow  Killygordon,  nenr  Stnnc 
the  time  of  his  doith  in  1634.  See  ImfMidtitm 
Donegal  (ao)  Car.  I. 


GRANTS    AND   GRANTEES. 


273 


BaJlinehorra,  next  to  Kilnaguerdan ;  in  all,  1,000  acres  ;  Y„  parts  of  Altcangilla  quarter,  containing 
60  acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grant  The  premises  are  erected  into  the  manor  of  Kilnaguerdan 
[KLillygordon],  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Total  rent,  5/.  6s.  8//.  To  hold 
fareyer,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     20  June,  8th  [16 10]. 

6.  Grant  to  Sir  Thomas  Comewall  (64),  Knt^  son  and  heir  of  Thomas  Comewall,  baron  of 
Burford,  in  Salop,  and  gentleman  of  the  Privy  Chamber  to  Prince  Henry.  The  great  proportion 
of  CorlackUy  containing  Tirogh,  one  quarter ;  Cloghan,  one  quarter ;  Kilteferaile,  one  quarter ; 
Keraghan,  one  quarter ;  Altnepestie,  one  quarter ;  Corlacke,  one  quarjer ;  Croughloughdeele,  one 
quarter ;  Cancrewlatt,  one  quarter ;  Aghaneigh,  one  quarter ;  and  Yn  o*  ^^  quarter  of  Correan 
next  to  Cancrewlatt ;  in  all,  2,000  acres ;  six  out  of  eleven  parts  of  Correan  quarter,  containing 
120  acres,  are  excepted  out  of  this  grant.  The  premises  are  created  into  the  manor  of  Corlackie, 
'^th  600  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Total  rent,  10/.  13X.  4//.  English.  To  hold 
forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     20  August,  8th  [16 10]. 

7.  Grant  to  Sir  Thomas  Remyngton  (65),  Knt  The  great  proportion  of  Tawnaforis,  containing 
I^ttermore,  one  quarter ;  Tawnaforis,  one  quarter ;  Capragh,  one  quarter ;  »/ix  P^^s  of  the  quarter 
of  l)oose,  next  to  the  quarter  of  Capragh ;  Callan,  one  quarter ;  Clogragh,  one  quarter ;  Cancreeny, 
one  quarter ;  Creggan,  one  quarter ;  Cashellnegowre,  one  quarter ;  Yn  P^^ts  of  the  quarter  of 

Newna,  next  to  the  quarter  of  Cashellnegowre;  in  all,  2,000  acres.     Rent,  10/.  13X.  4//.  English. 

The  premises  erected  into  the  manor  of  Tawnaforis,  with  600  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron. 

To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     19  July,  8th  [16 10]. 

8.  Grant  to  Sir  Maurice  Barkelcy  (66),  Knt,  The  small  proportion  of  Dromore^  containing 
Roshacke,  one  quarter ;  Dromore,  one  quarter ;  Dromany,  one  quarter ;  Magherieboy,  one  quarter ; 
Diomnenardah,  one  quarter;  '/s  P^^s  of  the  quarter  of  CoiUnaght,  next  to  the  quarter  of 
Faighcronaght ;  Vs  P^rt  of  quarter  of  Listellan,  and  next  to  the  quarter  of  Dromany;  iri  all,  1,000 
acres,  with  the  right  of  free  fishing  in  Lough  Swilly.  Also,  the  small  proportion  of  Lurga^  containing 
Aghelehard,  one  quarter ;  Tawnafiny,  one  quarter ;  Lurga,  one  quarter ;  Glankeame,  one  quarter ; 


(64).  CanuwalL — The  family  and  native  place  of  this 
nndeitaker  are  indicated  in  the  terms  of  the  above  grant 
BO  less  distinctly  than  his  occupation.     His  consort  or 
***>pany  includ^  six  others  of  his  own  surname  who  were 
prolttbly  his  brothers  or  near  kinsmen  (see  p.  147),  but 
JJ^y  he  became  an  undertaker.     In  October,  1610,  Sir 
^™as  writes  to  Salisbury  from  Burford,  in  Hereford- 
™i  requesting  to  be  left  out  of  the  roll  of  the  sheriffs 
wf  that  county,  because  of  his  necessaiy  attendance  on  the 
^^oce  of  Wales,  and  his  having  no  present  residence  in 
Herefordshire.   (See  Calendar^  Domestic  Series,  James  I., 
161)3-10,  p.  629).    He  appears  to  have  pretty  quickly  dis- 
posed of  his  lands  in  Ulster  to  a  purchaser  named  Thomas 
Davies. 

(65).  Remyngton. — This  undertaker  was  vice-president 
of  Munster,  and  appears  to  have  disposed  of  his  interest 
m  the  lands  above  named  at  an  early  date  to  Sir  Ralph 
Biagley. 

{(A).  Barkeley, — This  undertaker  first  appears  in  plan- 
K    I 


tation  records  as  the  leader  of  a  small  company  seeking 
for  lands  either  in  Oneilan  or  the  Liffer.     He  is  described 
as  of  Somersetshire,  and  as,  himself,  wishing  to  undertake 
4,000  acres  (see  p.   147).     In  April,   1607,  we  find  him 
writing    urgently    to    the  Government  to  appoint   Dr. 
Eglionby  either  to  the  deanery  of  Winchester  or  to  the 
parsonage  of  Islip,  in  Oxfordshire.     {Calendar  of  State 
Papers^  Domestic  Series,  James  I.,  1603-10,  p.  354).    Sir 
Maurice  appears  to  have  soon  sold  his  interest  in  the  land 
of  his  proportions  in  the  Liffer  to  Sir  Ralph  Bingley. 
Lord  George  Carew,  writing  to  Sir  Thomas  Roe,  in  161 7, 
says ; — "  Sir  Morice  Barkeley  is  latelye  dead,  who  was  a 
gentleman,   as  you  know,   of  many  good   parts."     Sir 
Maurice  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  William  and 
sister  of  Sir  Robert  Kille^w,  of  Hanworth,  and  lived 
there.     He  was  father  of  Sir  John  Berkeley,  so  much  dis- 
tinguished for  his  services  in  the  reign  of  Charles  I.,  for 
which,  in  1658,  he  was  created  Baron  Berkeley  of  Stratton. 
See  Carew's  Letters  to  Sir  Thomas  Roe^  edited  by  John 
Maclean,  p.  106. 


274 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


Cornagillagh,  one  quarter ;  Ardkillin,  one  quarter ;  '/g  parts  of  the  quarter  of  Favedock, 
the  quarter  of  Lurga ;  and  Ya  P^rts  of  the  quarter  of  Listellan,  next  to  the  quarter  of  Tawna^n  v 
in  all,  1,000  acres.  Rent,  5/.  6s.  8//.  English.  The  premises  erected  into  the  manor  of  DroiD(^«^ 
and  Lurga,  with  600  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castfe  ^ 
Dublin,  in  common  socage.     21  Feb.,  9th  [i 610- 11]. 

9.  Grant  to  Sir  Thomas  Coach  (67),  KnL       The  middle  proportion  of  Frikeanagh^  in  th^ 
precinct  of  Liffer ;  in  all,  1,500  acres.     [The  sub-divisions  of  this  proportion  not  recorded.] 

V.  The  precinct  of  Clancally  (68),  in  the  county  of  Fermanagh. 

1.  Grant  to  Sir  Hugh    Wirrall  (69),  Knt,      The  small   proportion  called  Ardtnagk  (70)^ 
containing  Cormackosker,  one  tate ;  Furnace,  one  and  V^  tate ;  Seydy,  '/j  of  a  tate ;  Reland,  aiC 
tate ;  Gortneskany,  one  tate ;  Altharkan,  Faileagh,   Diestemanmore,  Kilturkbegg,  and  Lawmilly. 
each  Y3  of  a  tate ;   Ballagh,  one  and  Yj  tate ;    Ardmagh,   Kemimore,  Lishebredy,  Arddoone^ 
Dromgallan,     Lissnegranagh,     Coolenesillagh,     Lissnamorran,     Gortfower,     Coolecassan,     and 
Mullacaman,  each  Y3  of  a  tate ;  with  all  the  islands  of  Lougheme  to  the  premises  beloogixig  and 
adjoining ;  in  all,  1,000  acres;  the  tate  of  Lissogurry,  containing  60  acres,  is  excepted  from  this 
grant.     The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Ardmagh,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  conrt 
baron.     Rent,  5/.  6s,  Sd.  English.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage 
20  July,  8th  [16 10]. 

2.  Grant  to  Robert  Bogas  (71)  of    Braham  in  Brantham,  Suffolk  Co.,  Esq.      The  smaD 


(67).  Coach. — This  knight's  surname  is  written  also  in 
State  Papers,  Coath,  Cotch^  Cootch^  and  CoaUs.  We  have 
neither  been  able  to  ascertain  his  native  place  in  England, 
nor  to  find  an  abstract  copy  of  his  grant  to  la.ids  in  the 
precinct  of  the  Liffer.  An  Ulster  Inquisition  [Dotugal^ 
(15)  Jac.  I.]  states  that  he  held  a  middle  proportion  of 
1,500  acres,  named  Frikeanagh^  in  1624;  but  according 
to  Pynner,  in  1620,  his  lands  were  named  Lismongan. 
Sir  Thomas  was  known  as  a  thorough  good  servitor,  and 
returned  on  the  list  sent  from  London  to  the  deputy  as 
one  of  those  chosen  to  be  undertakers.  Chichester  had 
secured  his  selection  on  the  list  by  previously  writing  to 
Salisbury  "in  favour  of  Sir  Thomas  Coatcs,  who  served 
well  in  the  wars  of  Ireland,"  and  requesting  that  "he  be 
remembered  for  some  parcel  of  land  m  the  northern  plan- 
tation." Coach's  services  had  been  rendered  in  the  south, 
and  he  had  settled  for  a  lime  in  Queen's  county,  but  he 
disposed  of  his  property  there  and  finally  settled  down  in 
the  Liffer,  barony  of  Raphoe. 

(68).  Clancally. — See  p.  203.  This  small  barony,  now 
called  Clankelly  or  Clonkelly,  is  bounded  on  the  north  by 
the  barony  of  Magherastephana  ;  on  the  east  by  the  county 
of  Monaghan ;  and  on  the  south-west  by  the  barony  of 
Coole.  The  map  of  1609  is  so  constructed  that  the  barony 
appears  to  be  bounded  north,  south,  and  west  by  the 
county  of  Monaghan  ;  and  by  Coolnerer  on  the  east ;  and 
although  the  barony  contains  36,922  acres,  the  map  repre- 
sents nearly  all  this  area  as  absorbed  in  five  proportions 
described  as  containing  in  them  all  only  5,000  acres  !  The 
territory  therein  known  then  as  Slut-Kony  is  left  white  on 


the  map,  thereby  implying  that  its  lands  were  to  be 
appropriated  to  the  use  of  the  coll^;e  in  DoUib,  i  fo 
school,  or  other  purpose. 

(69).  ^tmx//.— This  undertaker  in  his  appBcatka  fer 
lands,  represented  himself  as  worth  200/.  per  amuni,  n^ 
as  wanting  2,000  acres.  In  1606,  he  held  the  hadi  tf 
Loversall  and  Alverley,  in  Yorkshire,  bat  ezchaBged  dvA 
for  lands  held  by  a  person  named  Merfin.  He  no  ^a^ 
disposed  of  the  latter  soon  afterwards,  as  he  letlki 
permanently  in  Ulster  at  the  time  of  the  plantatioB.  See 
Calendar^  Domestic  Series,  reign  of  James  L,  l6o3-H^ 
p.  331. 

(70).  Ardmagh, — ^This  proportion  is  placed  by  the  aif 
on  the  south-eastern  part  of  the  barony,  and  bonknfO* 
Lough  Erne.  A  few  parcek  of  diurdi  lands  ait  RpR* 
sented  as  lying  between  it  and  the  lough,  ftltlwic^  At 
islands  opposite  are  included  in  the  grant  to  WimlL  TW 
islands  Mong  to  the  parish  of  GalRxin,  and  are  ntMiti 
in  upper  Lough  Erne.  They  are  as  follow: — iiw^ 
fmdra,  upwards  of  238  acres  in  extent ;  BkamA 
107  acres  ;  Dcmish^  91  acres ;  Crektm^  4  acn 
Grameen,  4  acres.  The  map  truly  represents  this  , 
tion  as  a  land  of  streams  ana  lakes,  as  well  as  isbalk 


(71).  Bogas, — On  a  list  of  40  applicants  lor  ^ 
county  of  Fermanagh,  this  undertaker  is  styled  wmak§  m 
of  Dtnsham  Park  (see  p.  145),  in  county  of  Si^ft*  At 
Park  being  situate  no  doubt  in  Braham  of  ^>"*-*^*^  Bi 
represented  himself  as  worth  £^1^  per  amuna  ;  bit  It 
soon  sold  his  patent  to  Edward  Hattaa. 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


275 


of  Cloncarne  (72),  containing  Liscony,  Mullanevenoge,  Corcomro,  and  Dromreny,  each 
\ ;  Tonaghmore,  one  and  Yj  of  a  tate ;  Magheryreogh,  one  and  73  of  a  tate  ;  Gortgarvan, 
,  of  a  tate ;  Kilturke,  Loughnegallgreene,  Clonmoclare,  Cargie,  Clonmoghan,  Rinville, 
Skeanrie,  and  Dromyeaskie,  each  Ya  of  ^  tate  ;  Gortnemureknock,  one  and  Ya  tate  ; 
ne  tate ;  Aghava,  one  tate ;  in  all,  1,000  acres — the  tate  of  Clonemalin,  containing  60 
tcepted  from  this  grant.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Cloncarne,  with  300 
mesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  5/.  ds,  Zd,  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle 
in  common  socage.     26  April,  9th  [161 1]. 

ant  to  Robert  Calvert  (73),  gent  The  small  proportion  of  Gortgunan  (74),  containing  the 
lands  of  Knockmakegan,  Y3  o^  a  tate ;  Dirrymolan,  one  and  Y3  tate ;  Tawnatebolge,  Vs  o^ 
k)rtsprauran,  one  and  Y3  tate ;  Gortragh,  Y3  of  a  tate ;  Tawnakill,  Y3  o^  ^  tate  \ 
gawna,  Y3  of  a  tate ;  Gortgunan,  one  tate ;  Lisneshelled,  73  of  a  tate ;  Cosrinagh,  one 
)ile,  Cosleagh,  Dromagh,  Clongawnagh,  Carronehowra,  and  Agharowsky,  each  73  of  a 
lore,  one  tate ;  Derrymeene,  one  tate ;  Boywhosat,  one  and  Ya  tate ;  and  Lisnamullat, 
e ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  Rent,  5/.  6j.  %d,  English.  Rosbrick,  one  tate,  containing  60 
cepted  out  of  this  grant.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Mount  Calvert,  with 
n  demesne ;  power  to  create  tenures  ;  and  to  hold  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as 
e  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster. 
1  [1611]. 

int  \.o  John  Scdborough  (75),  Esq.  The  small  proportion  of  Latgir  (76),  containing  the 
lenemarrowe,  Dirrimore,  and  Dromanagh,  Ys  of  a  tate  each  ;  Ratiny  and  Lisnegowlan, 
tate  each  ;  Owencalmadan,  Ys  of  a  tate  ;  Latgir,  MuUanelohoge,  Kilca,  Tawnategerman, 
n,  Coronegegie,  and  Balliagaquill,  each  Ys  of  a  tate  ;  Aghdromsillagh,  one  and  73  tate ; 
gh,  Y3  tate ;  Tateconuill,  V3  tate ;  Dromsure,  73  tate ;  Bosallagh,  one  and  7>  tate ; 
lappagh,  Dromsough,  Killurad,  and  Cornemucklogh,  73  tate  each ;  total,  1,000  acres, 
le,  73  tate,  and  another  parcel,  containing  Ys  tate,  are  excepted  from  this  grant.  Rent, 
English.  The  premises  are  created  into  the  manor  of  Mount  Sedborough,  with  300  acres 
; ;  power  to  create  tenures ;  and  to  hold  a  court  baron.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the 


ramf. — Cloncarne  is  depicted  on  the  map  as 
,  and  plentifully  supplied  with  streams  and 
church  lands  were  Clonfodda,  Clontelosley, 
and  Magheryreagh.  There  are  churches, 
good  repair,  marked  at  the  two  places  last 

rri. — Calvert's  name  does  not  appear  in  any 
rts  or  companies  already  mentioned.  Like 
of  his  class  in  Ulster,  he  appears  to  have 
to  render  his  lands  more  attractive  by  settling 
expending  something  in  improvements  with 
ly  of  getting  them  sold  to  better  advantage, 
lis  proportion  to  George  Ridgeway. 
unan, — This  proportion  adjoined  Cloncarne, 
ras  plentifully  wooded.     In  Gortganon  one 


rather  large  lake  is  represented  on  the  map.  Both  these 
proportions  were  comprised  in  an  ancient  Irish  territory 
of  Clankelly  called  Slut  Omil,  where  dwelt  a  sept  or 
family  of  the  O'Neills. 

(75).  Sedbifrough, — Sedborough 's  name  is  not  recortled 
in  connexion  with  any  of  the  English  companies  already 
referred  to.  From  whatever  place  in  England  he  came, 
however,  Sedborough  was  a  resolute  settler,  and  as  proof 
of  this  he  brought  nis  wife  and  family  to  reside  on  his 
lands. 

(76).  Latgir. — Latgir  adjoined  Wirrall's  lands  called 
Ardmagh.  Latgir  was  also  a  district  abounding  in  woods 
and  lakes.  Its  lands,  to  a  considerable  extent  lay  along 
the  range  known  as  the  Slewbagh  mountain. 


276 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.    12  Uij, 
nth  [1613]. 

5.  Grant  to  Thomas  Floiuerdewe  (jj),  Esq,  The  small  proportion  oi Lysreske  (78),  containing 
the  lands  of  Pottogyagh,  two  third  parts  of  a  tate ;  Lisronkeagh,  '/j  of  a  tate ;  Yeightercashell,  Vi  of 
a  tate ;  Shanog,  one  and  7,  tate ;  Liskesk,  Anaghgewle,  TiremcMorris,  Annaghard,  and 
Annaghgilly,  each  '/a  oi  a  tate  ;  Annaghamun,  and  Mullycomeade,  one  tate  each ;  Lisronie,  Canm, 
Tawnahebooge,  and  Gortnedrragh,  each  Ya  of  a  tate ;  Cromaghy,  one  and  '/,  tate ;  Dristerxan, "/, 
of  a  tate  ;  Moylin,  one  and  V3  of  a  tate ;  Curtrassna,  '/a  of  a  tate ;  Drumbroochus  7,  of  a  tate;  and 
Killeferduffe,  '/j  of  a  tate;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  The  tate  of  AnnaghguUen,  containing  60  acres, 
is  excepted  from  this  grant.  This,  and  the  small  proportion  of  Rosgwire  in  the  adjoining  predna 
of  Lurg,  are  erected  into  the  manor  of  Rosgwire,  with  600  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron. 
To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     17  June,  8th  [16 10]. 

VI.  The  Precinct  of  Lurg  and  Coolemakeman  (79),  in  the  county  of  Fermanagh. 

I.  Grant  to  Thomas  Ftowerdewe,  Esq.  The  small  proportion  of  Rosgwire  (80),  containing 
Rosgwire,  '/,  quarter,  being  two  tates,  viz.,  Rosgwire  and  Knocknecapull ;  Dromcahan,  '/.  qoarta, 
being  two  tates,  viz.,  Dromcahan  and  Knockartrean ;  Ardaghye,  '/,  quarter,  being  2  tates,  \u, 
Ardaghye  and  Tawnaghgigy ;  Dromboe,  '/a  quarter,  being  2  tates,  viz.,  Dromboe  and  Kakdljr; 
half  the  '/,  quarter  of  Clonenawle,  one  tate ;  Nadullagh,  '/,  quarter,  being  2  tates,  viz.,  Nadullagh 
and  Clonehoyle ;  Derry,  7,  quarter,  being  2  tates,  viz.,  Derry  and  Farcaghy ;  Derrynaimj,  one 
tate ;  the  islands  of  Gonvollcn,  Inishnemen,  and  Inishdony,  in  Lougherne,  being  2  tates ;  in  aOr 
1,000  acres,  with  free  fishing  in  Lougherne.  The  tate  of  Mullyreshan,  being  part  of  Derrfannf. 
containing  60  acres,  is  excepted  from  this  grant     [See  the  preceding  grant] 


(77).  Flowerdrwf. — This  undertaker's  name  appears  on 
the  list  of  the  forty  applicants  for  the  county  of  Fermanagh, 
already  in  several  cases  referred  to.  On  this  list  he  is 
styled  as  of  Hetherset,  in  county  of  Norfolk  (see  p.  145). 
He  was  also  one  of  Sir  Hepry  Robert's  company,  and 
represented  himself  as  having  an  income  of  200/.  per 
annum.  His  '  truly  rural'  surname  was  afterwards  trans- 
formed into  Flowerdew,  and  eventually  curtailed  into 
Flower. 

(78).  Lysreske. — The  proportion  of  Lysreske  occupied 
a  central  position  in  the  barony,  comprising  the  old  Irish 
territory  known  as  Slut  Donoghyy  from  a  sept  of  that 
tribe-name,  which  owned  the  lands  time  immemorial. 
'Iliis  district  is  represented  on  the  map  as  being  then 
thickly  wooded,  and  as  containing  one  small  patch  of  bog. 

(79).  Lurg  and  Coolemakeman. — This  precinct  now 
forms  the  two  distinct  baronies  of  Coole  and  Lurg.  Coole^ 
in  the  south-east  comer  of  Fermanjigh,  is  bounded  on  the 
north  by  the  barony  of  M a^herastephana ;  on  the  north- 
cast  by  the  barony  of  Clankelly ;  on  the  east  by  the  county  of 
Monaghan  ;  on  the  south  by  the  county  of  Cavan  ;  and 
on  the  west  by  upper  Lough  Erne,  which  divides  it  from 
the  barony  of  Kiiockniimy.  Lurg  is  bounded  on  the 
north  by  the  county  of  Donegal ;  on  the  north-east  and 
cast  by  the  county  of  Tyrone  ;  on  the  south  by  the  barony 
of  Magheraboy ;    and  on   the  west  by  the  barony  of 


Magheraboy  and  the  county  of  DonegaL     On  the  mipy 
1609  the  above  two  baronies  are  represented  as  m 
alone;  the  right  or  eastern  side  of  Lough  Ene^  nM 
Magheraboy  on  the  south  to  the  confines  <m  TyicooBeD  v 
Donegal  on  the  north.     On  the  west  of  these  two  itgHi* 
lies  tluit  part  of  Lou|[h  Erne  which  contains  apptitii^ 
the  most  important  islands,  whilst  the  eastern  boMhiy 
is  formed  by  the  county  of  IVronc.     Thcr  are  ftylrf  • 
the  map  '*  The  halfe  baronies  otLnrgli  and  Oileniickientfi 
being  represented  generally  as  very  much  wooded,  fl^^ 
containing  (especially  Coole)  several  souU  (jourtities  c» 
bog.     On  the  map  of  this  precinct  the  boanduif  iM^ 
between  the  proportions  are  not  given,  nor  are  tOMt  oClkr 
proportions  coloured  according  to  their  sixies.    Akhoi^ 
this  precinct,  now  two  baronies,  containol  aboH  HSB*. 
acres,  the  map  represents  all  this  vast  sweep,  with  oalf  t 
few  trifling  exceptions  in  the  shape  of  chiudi  bndii  • 
absorbed  m  seven  proportions,  the  nndoukers  of  Ihot 
proportions  being  supposed  to  have  obtiiined  oaly  tyoott 
acres  among  them  all  ! 

(80).  Rosgwire, — ^This  proportion  stretched  acniMMM^ 
the  central  part  of  the  ancient  territory  knowtt  at  Cosh^ 
mcKernan,  and  contained  a  plcntifiil  supply  of  woi 
b<^.  At  a  little  distance  off  that  portioa  of  it 
adjoined  Lough  Erne,  the  three  islanas  atelM 
above  grant  are  duly  rcpreiented. 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


277 


Grant  to  Thomas  Blenerhassett  (81),  Esq,  The  middle  proportion  of  the  Edernagh  (82), 
ling  the  half  quarter  of  Gortnecullin,  being  two  tates,  viz.,  Gortnecullin  and  Drommore ;  the 
ter  of  Mucknish,  being  2  tates,  viz.,  Muckrush  and  Letter ;  the  7,  quarter  of  Clonekaha,  2 
iz.,  Clonekaha  and  Tatenetobyn ;  the  Va  quarter  of  Roskaha,  2  tates,  viz.,  Roskaha  and 
ill ;  the  7a  quarter  of  Dromalardaaghy,  2  tates,  viz.,  Dromalardaaghy  and  Dromnacrossy ; 
quarter  of  [  ]  grewen,  being  2  tates ;  the  7a  quarter  of  Oghill,  2  tates,  viz.,  Oghill  and 

ine  ;  the  7.  quarter  of  Edenevehie,  2  ^tes,  viz.,  fidenevehie  and  Clony  ;  the  7a  quarter  of 
mty,  2  tates,  viz.,  Brecklonty  and  Colatagh ;  the  7a  quarter  of  Teevickspirdie,  2  tates,  viz., 
cspirdie  and  T)Twynie ;  the  7a  quarter  of  Shranadaroe,  2  tates,  viz.,  Shranadaroe  and 
la;  three  12th  parts  of  Kilspellane,  next  adjoining  the  7a  quarter  of  Shanadaroe;  the 
of  the  7.  quarter  of  Letterboy,  being  one  tate ;  the  7a  quarter  of  Edernagh,  2  tates,  viz., 
gh  and  Dromchine ;  the  island  of  Downinishbane  in  Lougherne,  and  all  other  islands  in 
!me  that  are  parcels,  or  belonging  to  the  said  premises ;  except  the  islands  of  Bana, 
ragh,  Inistowirch,  and  Lostimore,  all  which  premises  contain  1,500  acres,  with  free  fishing 
jheme.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Edernagh,  with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and 
baron.     Total  rent,  8/.  English.      Half  the  small  proportion  of  Tollimakein^  and  the  half 

of  Agholeigh,  being  2  tates,  viz.,  Agholeigh  and  Ardnarnagh;  the  7a  quarter  of 
rdtowy,  2  tates,  viz.,  Dromardtowy  and  Cullaughell ;  the  7a  quarter  of  Dromchony,  2  tates, 
romchony  and  Aghermagh ;  the  7a  quarter  of  Tollymaken,  2  tates,  viz.,  Tollymaken  and 
;  in  all  500  acres,  with  free  fishing  in  Lougherne ;  nine-twelfth  parts  of  the  quarter  of 
Ian,  containing  90  acres,  and  the  moiety  of  the  half  moiety  of  the  quarter  of  Letterbuy, 
ing  30  acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grant.  Rent,  2/.  13J.  ^,  English.  To  hold  forever, 
le  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     30  June,  8th  [16 10]. 

Grant  to  Sir  Edward  Blenerhassett  (83).     The  middle  proportion  of  Banaghmore  (84), 


BUmrhassett. — This  undertaker's  name  appears 
ists  of  applicants  for  lands  in  Fermanagh.  In  the 
rty  already  quoted  (see  p.  145),  he  is  designated  of 
rd,  in  the  county  of  Norfolk  ;  and  when  appearing 
Df  Sir  Henry  Robert's  company,  he  represents 
as  having  an  income  of  1 20/.  per  annum  (see  p. 
Jthough  he  came  directly  from  Norfolk  at  the  time 

to,  there  had  been  persons  bearing  the  same 
,  and  probably  belonging  to  the  same  family, 
wn  in  Ireland  at  an  earlier  period.  John  Blener- 
who  is  described  in  1609,  as  an  ancient  councillor, 

must  have  been  living  in  Dublin  during  a  long 
»f  Elizabeth's  reign,  was  appointed  in  the  year 
entioned  an  extra  Baron  of  Exchequer ;  and,  in 
is  knighted  and  created  chief  baron.  Thomas 
issatt,  of  Fermanagh,  designated  his  residence  on 
.'  of  Lough  Erne,  Castlehasset ;  and  left  at  least 
,  named  respectively  Leonard  and  Samuel. 
Edernagh. — These  lands  lay  principally  in  the 
livision  of  the  barony  of  Lurg,  small  fragments 
ching  along  the  shore  of  lower  Lough  Erne.  Its 
ions  are  represented  on  the  map  as  mixed  up 


with  several  lands  belonging  to  the  church ;  and  two 
churches  are  marked  on  its  borders  at  Kiltemie  and 
Tollinaloge.  It  is  further  represented  as  clothed  with 
woods,  and  as  being  well  supplied  with  little  streams. 

(83).  Bieturhass€tt, — Probably  a  brother  of  Thomas 
Blenerhassett, — his  title  of  knighthood  either  denoting  that 
he  was  the  representative  of  the  family  in  England,  or  that 
he  had  been  distinguished  in  some  walk  of  life  previously 
to  his  settlement  in  Fermanagh.  His  name  does  not 
appear  in  any  company  or  consort;  but,  as  his  brother,  or 
near  kinsman,  Thomas,  made  his  appearance  early,  he 
had  probably  directions  from  Sir  Edward  to  negotiate  a 
proportion  for  the  latter.  At  all  events,  the  proportions 
of  Thomas  and  Edward  Blenerhassett  lay  together,  thus 
showing  that  their  owners  were  probably  friends,  if  not 
connexions.  Sir  Edward  left  at  least  one  son  named  Sir 
Francis,  who  resided  on  his  estates  in  Fermanagh. 

(84).  Banaghmore. — This  proportion  stretched  from 
Thomas  Blenerhassett's  proportion,  which  it  adjoined,  to 
the  northern  extremity  of  the  barony.  Thus,  Sir  Edward's 
lands  lay,  throughout  their  whole  extent,  aJong  the  shore 
of  the  b^utiful  lake ;  and  they  are  represented  on  the 


278 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


viz.,  the  Va  quarter  of  Rosbeg,  2  tates,  containing  Rosbeg  and  Balliricaghran ;  the  '/« quarter    c/ 
Rossmore,  2  tates,  viz.,  Rossmore  and  Oughter-Drome ;  the  '/a  quarter  of  Ramore,  2  tates,  viz^ 
Ramore  and   Ballaghnadowghie.;    three    12  th   parts  of  the  7a  quarter  of  Toanemenoran  not 
adjoining  the  V,  quarter  of  Aghmableny ;  the  7a  quarter  of  Aghmableny,  2  tates,  viz.,  Aghmableo/ 
and  Lawraggagh ;  the  79  quarter  of  Glackerom tally,  2  tates,  viz.,  Glackeromtally  and  Tynaranj; 
the  72  quarter  of  Choylemore,   2  tates,  viz.,  Choylemore  and  ToUytumpane ;  the  7,  quarter  of 
Coolekachy,  2  tates,  viz.,  Coolekachy  and  Clenawila ;  the  7*  quarter  of  Tatyneallochy,   2  tates, 
viz.,  Tatyneallochy  and  Bannaghabegg ;  the  7a  quarter  of  Bannaghmore,  2  tates,  viz.,  Bannaghmore 
and  Tategare ;  the  '/,  quarter  of  Aghmore,  2  tates,  viz.,  Aghmore  and  Proghes ;  the  7«  quarter  of 
Inishglin,  2  tates,  viz.,  Inishglin  and  Doughloyne ;  the  island  of  Bana,  two  tates ;  the  islands  of 
Inishtowirch,  Inishkiragh,  Lissimore,  and  Crone-Inish,  all  in  Lougheme ;  and  all  other  islands  in 
I^ugherne  belonging   to   the  premises,  except  the  island  of  Downinishbana ;  in  all,  except  as 
aforesaid,  1,500  acres,  with  free  fishing   in   Lougheme;  rent,  8/.  English.     The  advowson and 
patronage  of  the  rectory  and  vicarage  of  Maghericulmany.     The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of 
Bannaghmore,  with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.     Also,  parcel  of  the  small  propoition 
of  Tollmakeitij  viz.,  the  73  quarter  of  ToUineglog,  2  tates,  viz.,  Tollineglog  and  Leane;  the  % 
quarter  of  Tollycalbrick,  2  tates,  viz.,  Tollycalbrick  and  Dromgran;  the  quarter  of  Crony,  4  tates, 
viz.,  Crony,  2  tates,  and  Dromchose,  2  tates ;  in  all,  500  acres,  and  free  fishing  in  Lougheme; 
three  12  th  parts  of  the  7a  quarter  of  Tawnienoran,  containing  90  acres,  and  the  moiety  of  the  half 
moiety  of  the  quarter  of  Letterbuy,  containing  30  acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grant    To  hold 
forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     3  July,  8th  [16 10]. 

4.  Grant  to  John  Archdale  (85),  Esq,      The  small  proportion  of  Tallanagh  (86),  containing 
the  lands  of  Coilenure,  73  quarter  or  2  tates,  viz.,  Coilenure  and  Knockakasy;  the  7«  quarter  of 
Tallanagh,  being  2  tates,  viz.,  Tallanagh  and  Carrauny ;  the  7a  quarter  of  Coulcoppocky,  bdqgs 
tates,  viz.,  Coulcoppocky  and  Dromscoole ;  the  7a  quarter  of  Dromadderdanagh,  2  tates^  vit, 
Dromadderdanagh  and  Dromdronyne ;  the  quarter  qf  Coylaghmore,  being  4  tates,  viz.,  Coyla^imoie» 
2  tates,  and  Dollypatrick,  2  tates ;  the  7a  quarter  of  Coylaghbegg,  2  tates,  viz.,  Coylaghbegg  atti 
Lisharra;   Etadd,  one  tate;  the  island  of  Crewinshaghy  in  Lougheme,  being  one  tate;  tocaU 
1,000  acres.     Part  of  the  tate  of  Derryoine,  being  one  part  of  Etadd,  and  containing  60  acres,  i^ 
excepted  from  this  grant,  for  glebe  lands.     Free  fishing  in  Lougheme.     The  premises  are  created 
the  manor  of  Archdale,  with  300  acres  in  demesne ;  power  to  create  tenures ;  and  to  hold  a  coor* 
baron.     Rent,  5/.  Gs,  Sd.  English.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  s6( 
subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     13  July,  loth  [161 2]. 


map  as  much  wooded,  and  free  from  bog,  excepting  a  very 
small  patch  on  the  border  of  Tyrone.  In  the  sub>division 
called  Tawlaehy,  there  is  a  church  marked  on  the  extreme 
northern  border  of  the  barony. 

(85).  Archdale, — Archdale's  name  appears  on  two  lists 
of  applicants,  in  one  of  which  he  represents  himself  as 
coming  from  Darsham,  in  the  county  of  Suffolk,  and  in 
the  oUier  as  worth  200/.  per  annum  (see  pp.  145,  146). 


He  was  afterwards  styled  as  of  Ardidale*s-toirB,  ia  (^ 
county  of  Fermanagh. 

(86).  Tallanagk.^Tht  lands  fonning  this  piopcm^ 
lay  near  the  centre  of  the  prednct  repttscptcd  *^ 
map.  It  was  wooded  near  tne  shore  ot  Lough  En^^ 
contained  several  patches  of  bog.  Tbe  two  idsi^M: 
Inismore  and  InisDeg  lay  opposite^  \nX  they  ve  Ml 
marked  on  the  map  as  church  uoidi. 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


279 


.  Grant  to  Edward  IVarde  (87),  gent.  The  small  proportion  of  Nakamey  (88),  viz.,  J^ 
ir  of  Goyseed,  being  2  tates,  viz.,  Goyseed  and  Dromsaran  ;  the  '/,  quarter  of  Boyagher,  2 
viz.,  Boyagher  and  Tawny faighwile  ;  the  7,  quarter  of  Dromcroyne,  2  tates,  viz.,  Dromcroyne 
Irdloghra;  the  y,  quarter  of  Moynekohy,  2  tates,  viz.,  Moynekohy  and  Tollonamyly ;  '/, 
jr  of  Nekamey,  3  tates,  viz.,  Nekarkeney,  Caranalisse,  and  Caranaglassc ;  the  quarter  of 
;hlaghe,  4  tates,  viz.,  Eckaghlagh  2  tates,  and  Camearogage  2  tates ;  and  the  7,,  quarter  of 
ore  2  tates,  viz.,  Dromore  and  Eadonawyan ;  in  all  1,000  acres,  with  free  fishing  in  Lough- 
A  parcel  of  the  half  quarter  of  Cloneawle,  containing  60  acres,  is  excepted  from  this  grant 
5/.  6j.  8^.  English.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Nekarney,  with  300  acres  in 
jne,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.  13 
9th  [161 1  ].     See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Fermanagh,  (31)  Car.  I. 

.  Grant  to  Thotnas  Barton  (89)  of  Norwich,  co.  of  Norfolk,  Esq.  The  small  proportion  of 
unshyn  (90),  viz.,  the  72  quarter  of  Monneghan,  2  tates,  viz.,  Monneghan  and  Drogan  ;  the 
Lrter  of  Dromunshyn,  2  tates,  viz.,  Dromunshyn  and  Clontitrewire ;  Kerladoghan,  one  tate ; 

quarter  of  Drommackillawny,  2  tates,  viz.,  Drommackillawny  and  Minchelonty ;  Edringe, 
te ;  the  7a  quarter  of  Eyghan,  2  tates,  viz.,  Eyghan  and  Monollow ;  the  quarter  of  Femaght 
Die,  4  tates,  viz.,  Femaght  one  tate,  Sidagher  one  tate,  Sivlawne  one  tate,  and  Lettermone, 
tte ;  the  7a  quarter  of  Dromorchyre,  2  tates,    viz.,  Dromorchyre  and  [  ] ;  and  the 

of  Inishclara,  one  tate ;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  with  free  fishing  in  Lougheme.  The  tate  of 
in  the  7a  quarter  of  Eyghan,  containing  60  acres,  is  excepted  from  this  grant.  Rent,  5/.  6x.  Zd, 
>h.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Dromunshyn,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a 
baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.  27  September,  8th 
].    See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Fermanagh,  (31)  Car.  I. 

f.  Grant  to  Henry  Honynge  or  Hunings  (91),  Esq,  The  small  proportion  of  Doivrosse  (92), 
ining  the  7a  quarter  of  Dowrosse,  being  2  tates,  viz.,  Dowrosse  and  Rossay,  and  Little  Rosquier ; 
lachy,  one  tate  ;  Dromshene,  7a  a  quarter,  being  the  two  tates  of  Dromsheene  and  Drompen ; 
ikenny,  one  quarter,  containing  four  tates,  viz.,  Dromkenny  and  Dromonosill,  2  tates,  and 
pin,; 2  tates ;  the  7a  quarter  of  Downane,  two  tates,  viz.,  Downane  and  Corewaghe ;  the  7* 
tx  of  Dromalla,  2  tates,  viz.,  Dromalla  and  Dromarran  ;  the  7a  quarter  of  Clinerosse,  2  tates, 
i^linerosse  and  Lagnamiltog ;  the  islands  of  Inishconury,  Inishdanare,  and  Inishcafry,  2  tates ; 


IVardf, — This  undertaker  was  one  of  Lord  Saye's 
ny.  He  came  from  Suffolk,  and  represented  him- 
having  an  income  of  400/.  per  annum.  Ward  sold 
)portion  in  161 1  to  Harrington  Sutton  of  Kallam, 
county  of  Nottingham. 

Nakai-ncy. — This  proportion  lay  in  Coole,  adjoin- 
chdale's  lands  on  the  south. 

Barton. — This  undertaker's  name  occurs  on  none 
ists  of  applicants  already  mentioned,  but  his  grant, 
ve,  states  that  he  came  from  Norwich.  He 
)  to  have  purchased  Sutton's  portion,  Nekamey, 
It  one  point  adjoined  his  oyvn  lands.  Eventually 
sold  both  proportions  to  Sir  Gerard  Lowther. 

Dromunshyn. — This  proportion  lay  in  that  part  of 


the  precinct  now  known  as  the  barony  of  Lurg,  excepting 
a  small  part  which  was  situate  in  Coole.  The  lands  of 
Dromunshyn  were  interspersed  with  several  parcels  of 
church  lands,  as  shown  on  the  map. 

(91).  Hunings, — This  undertaker  came  from  Darsham, 
in  the  county  of  Suffolk  ;  but  he  appears  to  have  disposed 
of  his  patent,  and  made  no  attempt  to  plant  his  propor- 
tion. 

(92).  Dowrossf. — This  proportion  lay  also  in  Coole- 
mcJCeman,  and  like  most  of  the  lands  throughout  that 
whole  precinct,  had  much  wood,  and  a  comparatively 
limited  supply  of  bog.  The  three  islands  mentioned  in 
the  above  grant  are  marked  on  the  map,  but  appear  to 
have  been  of  little  importance. 


28o 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


in  all,  1,000  acres.  Rent,  5/.  6s,  Sd,  English.  To  enjoy  free  fishing  in  Loughem&  The  tateof 
Tabernafin,  containing  60  acres,  is  excepted  from  this  grant.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor 
Honnynge,  with  300  acres  in  demesne ;  power  to  create  tenures  ;  and  to  hold  a  court  baron ;  to 
hold  a  Saturday  market  at  the  town  of  Honinge,  and  a  fair  there  on  the  24th  March  and  the  day 
after,  unless  such  day  fall  on  Saturday  or  Sunday,  in  which  case  the  fair  to  be  held  on  the  Moodajr 
and  Tuesday  following;  with  a  court  of  pie-powder,  and  the  usual  tolls;  rent,  ly.  4^.  Irish.  To 
hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     28  Oct,  loth  [161 2]. 

VII.  The  Precinct  of  Lough  tee  (93),  in  the  county  of  Cavan. 

I.  Grant  to  Sir  RicJiard  Waldron  (94),  Knt,  The  two  proportions  of  DramehiU  ind 
Dromemoylan^  viz.,  the  lands  of  Corgarran,  one  poll ;  Tirorkan,  2  polls,  viz.,  Tirorkan  and  Lisduff; 
Gortnesellahy,  2  polls,  viz.,  Gortnesellahy  and  Shancleon ;  Dromhill,  one  poll ;  LoghoconnQge,  2 
polls;  Clough-Igonner,  2  polls;  Corgagh,  '/,  a  poll;  Corragh,  one  poll;  Coaghes,  '/,  a  poll ; 
Dromhanacrone;  one  poll ;  Dromconviclen,  2  polls  \  and  it  consists  of  several  parcels  lying  betweeo 
Drondwoone  in  the  east  and  Dromchonoway  and  Nachara  in  the  west,  a  mountain  on  the  north, 
and  a  bogg  in  the  south ;  Meonarry,  2  polls ;  Knocknelecky,  2  polls ;  the  island  of  Eynish,  one 
poll ;  Katakine,  one  poll ;  Gortnenowle,  one  poll ;  Sirawkeile,  one  poll ;  the  above-named  lands 
constituted  the  small  proportion  of  Dromehill,  in  all,  1,000  acres.  Also  the  small  proportioDof 
Dromtnellan  or  Dromemoylan^  viz.,  the  lands  of  Dromgole,  one  poll;  Cullybogg,  one  poll; 
Ragaltan,  one  poll ;  Tollenagh,  two  polls ;  Lisdorran,  one  poll;  Faman,  three  polls ;  Derriad,ODe 
poll;  Derrylyne,  two  polls;    Dromoamin,  one  poll;  Nacarragh,  one  poll;   Denycian,  onepoD; 


(93).  Precinct  of  Ijmghtee. — This  immense  precinct, 
which  is  the  last  on  the  list  of  those  handed  over  to  Eng- 
lish undertakers,  comprised  the  two  present  baronies  of 
Upper  and  Lower  Loughtee.  The  former,  occupying  the 
centre  of  the  county  of  Cavan,  is  bounded  on  the  north  by 
Lower  Loughtee  and  ToUaghgarvey  ;  on  the  east  by 
Tollaghgarvey  ;  on  the  south  by  Castlerahin  ;  on  the 
south-west  by  Clonmahon  ;  on  the  west  by  Tullaghonco ; 
and  on  the  north-west  by  Tullaghagh.  Lower  Loughtee, 
which  lies  in  the  northern  part  of  the  county,  is  bounded 
on  the  north  by  the  county  of  Fermanagh  ;  on  the  east  by 
the  barony  of  Tullaghgarvey ;  on  the  south  by  the  barony 
of  Upper  Loughtee ;  and  on  the  west  by  the  barony  of 
Tullaghagh.  On  the  barony  map  of  1609,  the  compass 
points  W.N.W.,  and  thus  the  surveyors  of  that  time 
bounded  the  whole  precinct  or  barony  of  Loughtee  on  the 
north  by  the  barony  of  Tullaghagh  and  Tullaghonco ;  on 
the  south  by  Tullaghgarvey ;  on  the  east  by  Tuiraghgar\'ey  ; 
and  on  the  west  by  Tullaghonco,  Clonmahon,  and  Castle- 
rahin.  The  whole  precinct,  containing  about  96,cxx) 
acres,  was  absorbed,  with  comparatively  small  exceptions, 
by  six  undertakers,  who  were  supposed  to  have  received 
amongst  them  all  only  12,500  acres!  The  exceptions 
were  church  lands,  and  lands  for  a  free  school  and  a- 
corporate  town,  which  together  would  not  probably  have 
amounted  to  more  than  2,000  acres.  The  several  propor- 
tions are  not  satisfactorily  shown  on  the  map,  and  on 
some  of  them  their  names,  as  appearing  in  tne  grants, 
are  not  marked  at  aU.     Some  well-known  features  have 


due  prominence,  such  as  Longh  Outre,  the  upper  nd  of 
Lough  Erne,  and  a  river  ^led  the  Omm  hn.  Tie 
whole  precinct  appears^  in  its  northern  and  north  cMlni 
districts  to  have  had  a  liberal  sprinkling  of  woodi  m^ 
bogs. 

(94).  Waldran, — This  undertaker  was  son  of  ■  JokB 
Waldron,  one  of  three  notorious  'discoTerers'  who  becuit 
rich  on  the  plunder  of  Irish  landowners,  dniiitf  the  rdj^ 
of  Elizabeth,  and  who  secured  their  booty  by  lv*<^ 
obtained  a  Crown  grant  of  it  in  the  foUowingrdgii[l6o7>' 
The  other  two  worthies  besides  Waldroo,  were  Gm^I^ 
Sexten,  afterwards  escheator  in  Ulster,  and  Robert  Diitfi 
one  of  his  assistants.  These  harpies  picked  op  theirji^ 
over  a  wide  field,  comprising  the  counties  01  WatoMiVt 
Wexford,  Meath,  Dublin,  Kildare,  Loodi,  and  Qd^* 
no  fewer  than  twenty-two  gentlemen  ntfiering  fxom  IM' 
depredations.  (See  Erck  s  Repertory^  pp.  4S5,  ^^ 
Richard  Waldron,  the  son  of  John,  was  thns  ia  tfoi^ 
position  to  undertake  lands  and  to  become  a  *  ^ 
as  he  did,  in  due  time.  There  is  a  petitioii  from 
the  Privy  Council,  July  5,  1610^  praying  to  be 
from  a  personal  residence  of  fi^e  years  on  his  P*ope>^ 
of  land  m  Ubter,  and  recommending  Gcoife  Sharp  !■■ 
Clement  Cotterill  as  his  deputies.  This  was  no  d  '^ 
granted,  as  the  Warranifor  Defmimtim  (tee  pk  l^ 
mtended  to  meet  such  requests^  Sir  Ri^aidwil 
never  resided  on  his  Ulster  landi»  bat  hb  ton, 
seyeial  years  subsequently  took  ap  Us  abode  that. 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


281 


lar,  one  poll ;  Dromskeagh,  one  poll ;  Nafforragh,  7a  a  poll ;  Lissnevendragh,  '/,  a  poll ; 
V4  of  a  poll ;  Derricana,  three  potties.  In  all,  1,000  acres.  Total  rent  for  the  two 
ons,  10/.  131.  4i/.  English.  The  premises  created  the  manor  of  Dromhill  and  Dromellan, 
3  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in 
1  socage.  9  July,  8th  [1610].  See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Cavan,  (11)  Jac  i. 
Grant  to  John  Fishe  (95),  Esq,  The  great  proportion  of  Dromany^  containing  Fugh,  one  poll 
lagh,  one  poll;  Dromchoile,  one  poll;  Gortichore,  one  poll;  Killychare,  one  poll 
slady,  one  poll ;  Lissanygan,  one  poll ;  Keilanehire,  one  poll ;  Raffian,  one  poll 
Jion,  one  poll ,  Knockakine,  one  poll ;  Ruskie,  two  polls ;  Keilecony,  one  poll ;  Aghanilly 
)ll ;  Carriaghan,  '/,  a  poll ;  Fiigh,  two  polls ;  Tullagh..  one  poll ;  Derhowe,  one  poll 
ly,  two  polls ;  Portacloghan,  one  poll ;  Derrychryne,  one  poll ;  Ryvory,  one  poll 
)re,  two  and  y^  polls;  Keilegony,  one  poll;  Dromarde,  one  poll;  Donoghan,  74  po^l 
nora,  —  poll ;  Raskeile,  one  poll ;  Droughderge,  one  poll ;  Loughell,  one  poll ;  Rahella, 
il ;  Lissnanagh,  one  poll ;  Lissachara,  one  poll ;  Terrygillj^,  one  poll ;  Dromchro,  one 
iraghadoone,  one  poll ;  Clonelurge,  7a  a  poll ;  Keile-Iconan,  one  poll ;  Knocksnigerke,  one 
orodialisse,  one  poll ;  Polloree,  one  poll ;  and  Cowlenalla,  one  poll ;  in  all,  2,000  acres ; 
It,  10/.  1 3 J.  4^.  English.  The  premises  created  the  manor  of  Dromany,  with  600  acres  in 
e,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage. 
10].     See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Cavan,  (26)  Car.  1. 

Grant  to  Sir  Stephen  Butler  (96),  Knt,  The  whole  manor  of  Demglush^  including  the 
:  Belturbert,  and  the  following  lands,  viz.,  Corrockmore,  Corrockreanagh,  Aghateripose, 
ore,  Trinagh,  Knockleddge,   Collonemuckloe,  Creanaghebaynes,  Crockanty,  [  \ 

gh,  Denardenany,  Cormacrenode,  Aghadromerges,  Cornacony,  Correllcon,  Corvilley, 
tia,    Inishbegg,    Knockanagmoge,    Derregrilly,    Derrigenragh,    [  ],    Dromararka, 

engallone,  Pollynagarranagh,  Dromanaigarrogh,  TuUybricke,  Dromsellagh,  Allenyuttervillett, 
eny,  Anna  [  ],  Killenclare,  Dromogane,  Dromlargie,  Comemoran,  Dromorlorebegg, 

ne,  Karkaman,  Corrohany,  Skeagh,  Dromiskin,  Killenelecke,  Dromahurte,  Strone, 
ly,  Shrocogline,  Mullaghroy,  Mullaghnevane,  Greagh,  Inchmagh,  Nabane,  Langreagh, 
la  in  fluvio  [  ],  Lynamadrowe,  Grille,  Dereneste,   Derreneglasse,    Derrekarkey, 


^uke, — ^This  undertaker  came  from  Bedford,  as 
Ir  Francis  Anderson's  company,  and  represented 

0  be  worth  300/.  per  annum.     Two  others  only 
}Qsort  obtained  grants,  and  were  able  to  secure 

Oneilan,  the  barony  they  preferred, — but  why 
led  in  doing  so,  and  was  transferred  to  Loughtee, 
not  discovered.  At  all  events,  he  was  evidently 
"ous  undertaker,  being  created  a  knight  as  a  reward 
eat  expenditure  in  helping  forward  the  plantation 
lisown  immediate  property.  Thishonour,  perhaps, 
a  aspire  after  another,  and  in  a  way  too,  which 
iupposed  to  assist  the  grand  movement ;  for  he  soon 
Is  got  himself  dubbed  a  baromt  at  a  cost  of  more 
OCX) — the  proceeds  in  such  cases  ostensibly  to  be 

1  for  the  raising  and  equipping  of  a  standing  army 
-   I 


in  Ulster,  to  protect  the  settlers  from  their  Irish  enemies, 
(96).  ButUr, — This  undertaker  was  an  Englishman, 
although  bearing  a  surname  which  has  become  peculiarlv 
Irish.  He  was  not  even  related  to  the  great  family  which 
has  produced  so  many  distinguished  earls  and  dukes  of 
Ormonde,  but  settled  at  Belturbet  as  an  undertaker  in 
the  plantation  of  Ulster.  He  was  ancestor  of  the  earls  of 
Lanesborough.  His  wife  was  Mary,  daughter  of  Gervase 
Brindsley  of  Brindsley,  in  Nottinghamslure.  He  came 
here  from  Bedfordshire,  and  was  one  in  tht  consort  of  Sir 
John  Mallery  of  York.  Butler  represented  himself  as 
having  an  estate  of  1,500/.,  and  he  appears  to  have  been 
one  of  the  most  prosperous  of  his  class.  His  energy  as  a 
planter,  at  the  head  of  Lough  Erne,  soon  secured  for  him 
the  honour  of  knighthood. 


282 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Pottaghan,    Knockanis,    Carrioagh,  Bunn,    Corryloghane,   Crahard,   Comewehan,   Aghinbriscoe, 
Dromcarplin,     Ballhectrym,     Aghnegringe,     Drumeneretoure,    Clogh    [  ],    Killduffe, 

Aghwillgarrett,   Aghneneden,   Shancorrewe,   Croleghy,    Portruen,   Agharoe,   Latremete,    Qucvic, 
Mullaghnevavogo,  Crelergan,  Mullaghglasse,  Shrewe,  Pultameryn,  [  ],  Forlagh,  Killehagbe, 

Killagan,    Carrowcloghan,    Shean,    Killegrare,    Lissdugan,   Correnegarron,    [  ],  Cassen 

[  ]  al'  Grilly,  Tolly,  Shanteman,  Comany,  Corivills,  Aghdromcree,  Nehany,  Mullencogh, 

By^g^j  [  ]>  Aghadromstonan,    Aghadromadon,    Carrowsnowe,    Shankeill,    Killnacrosse, 

Tomcorr,  Tomcorotragh,  Tomcoreitragh,  Corlatten,  Kena  [  ],  Dromaddy,  Agharowseldand* 

Aghecuran,  Pollonamanchagh,  Dromesklinian,  Derreconge,  Dromenderry  [  ],   Rosgeanr 

Aghnemchog,  Aghedrina,  Muffe,  Manublowes,  Mawbane,  Keiltallykalliry  al'  Belturbet,  Aghamoie, 
[  ],  Droraary,  Corkmalkeon,  Derryfadda,  Aghachappell,  Leggettenan,  Scrubagh,  Connochin, 

Rouskey,  Killcony,   Derrevony,  Clownewagh,  Naghoragh,  and  free  fishing  in  the  lake  or  river  of 
Loughouter,  and  in  the  waters  of  Lougheme  alias  Owenmore;    in  all,  2,760  acres.     Held  by 
knight's  service,  in  capiU ;  excepting  the  lands  on  the  Belturbet  estate,  which  were  held  forever,  as 
of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Cavan,  (67)  Car.  I. 

4.  Grant  to  Sir  Nicholas  Lusher  (97),  Knt,     The  great  proportion  of  Lyskeagh,  containing  the 
following  lands,  viz.,  Corrachean,  one  poll;  Clonereny,  one  poll;  Pollobrally,  3  polls;  Corragreagh, 
one  poll ;  Drorahellagh,  2  polls ;  Gortnaskilline,  one  poll ;  Keynenuore,  one  poll ;  Eadantyclary, 
3  polls ;  Colltragh,  one  poll ;   Leater,  one  poll ;  Derryglan,  one  poll ;  Aghnagrellagh,  one  poll 
AUnamucke-iduy,  '/,  poll ;  Neassehagh,  one  poll ;  Corrodinlisse,  '/a  poU;  Loughnauran,  one  poll 
Polloneal,  one  poll ;  Cromeline,  one  poll ;  Liskeagh,  one  poll ;  Crobanagh,  2  polls ;  Agharagh,    ^ 
polls ;  Pollanreaske,  one  poll ;  Racorige,  one  poll ;   Aghnaclog,  one  poll ;   Pollobane,  2  poll^  . 
Oghill,  2  polls ;  Corlisaly,  2  polls ;  Corlorogha,  3  polls ;  Tollocue,  one  poll ;  and  Driman,  2  polls  ; 
in  all,  2,000  acres;   total  rent,  10/.  13^.  4^.  English.     The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of* 
Liskeagh,  with  600  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of 
Dublin,  in  common  socage.     27  April,  9th  [161 1].     See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Cavan,  (23)  Carl 

5.  Grant  to  Sir  Hugh  Wyrrall  (98),  Knt,  The  middle  proportion  of  Monaghan,  contaimqg 
Cullagan,  2  polls;  Camlier,  one  poll;  Tomassan,  one  poll;  Tyregormelly,  one  poll;  Keile-Icarobi^ 
2  polls ;  Dromgart,  one  poll ;  Derrynony,  one  poll ;  Clonynagh,  one  poll ;  Nacoighagh,  one  poD; 
Monaghan,  2  polls ;  Derrichiel,  Cinaghan,  Tomchouro,  Ardea,  Keilenolin,  Culvagally,  and  AntuP^ 
each  one  poll ;  Bellaghea,  2  polls  ;  Clonomoligg,  4  polls  ;  Clouna,  2  polls ;  Drombrochees,  00c 
poll ;  Fugh,  one  poll ;  Eadangollin,  one  poll ;  7,  the  poll  of  Clonticonga ;  in  all,  1,500  acres. 
The  two  polls  of  Granchinagh,  containing  90  acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grant     Thepitmiscf 


(97).  Lushfr,  — This  undertaker  came  from  Surrey.  In 
August,  161 1,  there  is  confirmation  of  a  grant  made  by 
the  Ix>rd  High  Admiral,  July  13,  161 1,  to  Sir  Nicholas 
Lusher  of  Shooland,  county  of  Surrey,  Sir  Hugh  Wirrall 
of  Enfield,  county  of  Middlesex,  and  others,  of  the  office 
of  measuring  coals,  grain,  and  salt,  to  be  shipped  within 
the  Lord  Admiral's  jurisdiction.  (See  Calendar  of  State 
Papers^  Domestic  Series,  Jac.  I.,  161 1*  18,  p.  67).  Sir 
Nicholas  forfeited  his  Ulster  lands  for  neglecting  to  take 


the  oath  of  supremacy,  and  for  letting  hh  propoty  ^ 
persons  who  also  neglected  or  refnsed  to  do  sa  Set 
Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Cavan,  (23)  Car.  I. 

(98).  lVirrall,—We  were  not  told  when  WimJIir 
peared  with  his  small  company  (see  p.  247)  ^'^'^''^v^ 
came,  but  we  now  find  from  the  preceding  nott  !■* 
he  had  been,  before  his  arriTal  in  Ulster,  an  iunbitti" 
Enfield,  in  Middlesex. 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


283 


.sure  created  the  manor  of  Monaghan,  with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.     Total  rent, 

-^.  English.    To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     21  June,  8th  [16 10]. 

6.  Grant  to  John    Tailor  (99),   gent      The  middle  proportion  of    Agheteeduffe,   containing 

^ghagramouse,  one  poll ;  Killnacriny,  '/,  poll ;  Tonnagh,  7a  poll ;  Dromolly,  one  poll ;  Dromsine, 

-one  poll ;    Dromhenis,  one  poll ;  Carigvore,  one  poll ;  Aghnicklanagha,  one  poll ;    Dromoragh, 

one  poll ;   Gargarane,    one  poll ;   Kedine,  one  poll ;  Rahege,  one  poll ;    Drom-Illan,  one  poll ; 

iCeile-Ivanny,  one  poll;  Brocklaghe,  one  poll ;  Dungen,  one  poll;  Dromcarplin,  one  poll;  Cullagh, 

^     polls ;    Drombo,    2   polls ;    Lisiliarta,   one  poll ;    Corrotobber,   one  poll ;  lartine,  one  poll ; 

Xismakeragh,    one    poll ;    Crosse,   one    poll ;    Ragaskie,   one    poll ;    Knockefadda,    one    poll ; 

A^Iiateeduffe,  one  poll ;  Owlie,  one  poll ;  Lissihanan,  one  poll ;  Dromgonhan,  one  poll ;  and  the 

YkBl£    of  the  poll  of  Lat-Itragh ;  containing  in  all,  1,500  acres ;  the  two  polls  of  Cullentraghe  and 

Lisl>anise,  containing  90  acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grant.     The  premises  are  erected  into  a 

inaj3.or,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  AgheteedufTe,  with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron. 

Xot^U  rent,  8/.  English.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     8  June, 

Sth   [1610]. 

II. 

Precincts  or  Baronies  set  apart  for  Scottish  Undertakers  only. 

I.  The  Precinct  of  the  Fewes  (100),  county  of  Armagh. 

I.  Grant  to  Sir  James  Dowglasse  (loi)  of  Spott,  knight,  gentleman  of  the  privy  chamber,  of  a 
Intent  of  naturalization  and  the  great  proportion  of  Clancarney  (102),  containing  the  following 


(99)-  Tailor. — See  pp.  125,  228.     This  undertaker  was 

^m  Cambridgeshire,  and  had  an  income,  as  he  represented, 

^  two  hmidred  marks  yearly.    He  was  a  prosperous  settler, 

although  he  had  some  trouble  for  neglecting  to  take  the 

***^  o? supremacy,  which  all  'Britons*  were  required  by 

^  terms  of  their  patents  to  observe. 

(100).  Ftwes, — The  two  baronies  of  the  Fewes,  Upper 

*od  Lower,  are  bounded  on  the  north  by  the  baronies  of 

^^^^cilan ;  on  the  east  by  the  baronies  of  Orier ;  on  the 

***ttth  by  the  county  of  Louth ;  and  on  the  west  by  the 

^*^ty  of  Monaghan.     In  the  barony  map  of  1609,  the 

^pass  points  N.N.W.,  so  that  the  boundaries  are  nearly 

loentical  with  those  above  mentioned.     The  two  baronies 

compnse  more  than  77,oc»  acres,  yet  with  the  exception 

?*  its  church  lands,  and  Sir  Tirlagh  Mc Henry's  estate,  it 

**  shown  on  the  map  as  absorbed  by  five  undertakers,  who 

*^fe  supposed  to  have  only  6,cxx)  acres  amongst  them  I 

,  (loi).  Dowglasse, — This  Scottish  knieht   was  one  of 

^  King's  special  retainers,  who  had  left  his  home,  called 

^P^itt,  in  the  county  of  Haddington,  and  went  to  England 

^^li  the  King,   in  1603,  to  'seek  his  fortune.*    He  was 

^  of  a  gentleman  named  Malcolm  Douglas,  of  Mains,  in 

^^bartonshire,  a  descendant  of  Nichol  Douglas,  of  the 

^**^y  of  Morton.     This  Sir  James,  who  came  to  get  lands 

?^  the  Fewes,  had  orijginally  started  in  life  as  a  page  of 

?J^«iour  to  Henry, '  Prince  of  Wales,  and  was  soon  pro- 

?J^ted  to  be  his  master  of  horse.     At  the  death  of  his 

^Uthful  master,   Douglasse  was  appointed  one  of  the 


gentlemen  of  the  bedchamber  to  James  I.,  and  from  that 
time  began  to  pick  up  other  little  things  as  opportunity 
afforded.  Among  the  Domestic  State  Papers  is  a  letter 
written  in  1607,  and  addressed  to  Sir  Alex.  Tutt,  another 
royal  servant,  asking;  him  to  "effect  a  matter  concerning 
Sir  James  Douglas.  The  'matter*  appears  to  have  been 
effected  in  the  following  year,  and  consisted  in  obtaining 
for  Douglas  the  fines  levied  off  certain  Roman  Catholic 
gentlemen  for  'recusancy,*  f.^.,  refusing  to  attend  the 
services  of  the  English  church.  The  names  of  these  re- 
cusants were  Tohn  Middlcmore  of  the  Bream,  Newland, 
county  of  Gloucester ;  George  Throgmorton  of  Temple 
Grafton  ;  and  John  Hunt  of  Rowington,  county  of  War- 
wick. In  the  same  year  [1608]  Douglasse  obtained  a 
royal  license  "to  dig  for  gold  and  silver  in  Hampshure 
and  the  Isle  of  Wight  for  the  space  of  two  years** — a 
favour  which  does  not  appear  to  have  transferred  much,  if 
any  quantity  of  these  metals  from  the  Hants  soil  into  the 
digger's  pockets.  In  1609,  a  grant  was  made  "to  Sir 
James  and  Sir  George  Douglas  of  2,000/.,  part  of  the 
iCing*s  moiety  of  a  grant  made  to  John  Elphinstone  and 

fohn  Gsy  ;**  and  in  the  same  year  he  had  "the  benefit 
fine]  of*^  the  recusancy  of  William  Naylor  of  Reading, 
county  of  Berks.*'  Calendar  of  State  Papers^  Domestic 
Series,  James  L,  1603-10,  pp.  379,  415,  437,  462,  524, 
527. 

(102).  Clancarney. — These  lands  lay  along  a  consider- 
able extent  on  the  east  side  of  the  precinct,  and  princi- 


284 


THE   PLANTATION    IN   ULSTER. 


lands,  viz.,  Glastromen,  Febokan,  Edenacanany,  Corcumogie,  Cordromen,  Bracklie,  Dr 
Dirrylattagooly  Lurgrosse,  Coranagh,  Lisdromchor,  one  balliboe  each;  the  two  Crcj 
balliboes ;  Erfilagh,  Dromchony,  Carigaloglagh,  Dromnehunchine,  Connanny,  Loghbaliie 
balliboe  each ;  four  5th  parts  of  the  balliboe  of  lisnegat,  next  the  balliboes  of  Brad 
Cordromen ;  one  5  th  part  of  the  balliboe  of  Ballindarragh,  next  to  Glastromen ;  in  a] 
acres.  The  advowson,  presentation,  and  patronage  of  LoughgiUie  vicarage  in  Orier,  the 
of  Killbracke,  and  Vs  P^^  of  the  balliboe  of  Lisnegat,  containing  120  acres,  are  excepted  i 
grant  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Clancamey,  with  j6oo  acres  in  demesne,  and 
baron.  Total  rent,  10/.  13J.  4//.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  t 
socage.     23  July,  8th  [1610]. 

2.  Grant  to  Henry  Acheson  (103)  of  Edinburgh,  gent,  of  a  patent  of  naturalization 
small  proportion  of  Coolemalishc  (104),  consisting  of  the  following  lands,  viz.,  Droml 
balliboes ;  Coolemalishe,  2  balliboes ;  Carricklehan,  Cronaohton,  Dirrychora,  Dirrylissmullc 
Bredrim,  one  balliboe  each  ;  four  5th  parts  of  the  balliboe  of  Ballynananny,  next  to  Bredri 
one  5th  part  of  the  balliboe  of  Ballindarragh,  next  to  Coolemalishe ;  in  all,  1,000  acres. 
5th  parts  of  the  balliboe  of  Ballindarragh,  containing  60  acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grani 
premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Coolemalishe,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court 
Rent,  5/.  6j.  M,  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  soca, 
July,  8th  [1610]. 

3.  Grant  to  Sir  fames  Craig  {10$)^  Knight  The  small  proportion  of  Magheryenirim 
containing,  Dromon,  one  balliboe ;  Ballinegroobannagh,  one  balliboe ;  Mo3mellan,  one  bs 
Mallabane,  one  balliboe ;  Ballinecorra,  one  balliboe ;  Ball)menery,  one  balliboe ;  Magheiy 


[ly  in  part  of  Ac  present  parish  of  Loughgilly.  The 
inds  were  much  intermixed  with  the  church  property  of 
the  district.  The  proportion  was  called  Clancamey — the 
name  of  the  ancient  Irish  territory  in  which  it  was  com- 
prised. There  are  three  lakes  shown  on  the  map  as  lying 
on  the  borders  between  Clancamey  and  the  barony  of 
Drier,  and  a  fourth  in  the  southern  section  of  the  former. 
These  lands  were  anciently  given  by  the  ancestors  of  Sir 
Tirlagh  McHenry  O'Neill  for  the  support  of  the  Scottish 
galloglass  whom  they  retained  permanently  for  the  de- 
fence of  the  Fcwes. 

(103).  Acheson. — Two  brothers  of  this  surname,  Archi- 
bald and  Henry,  came  from  the  county  of  Edinburgh,  and 
settled,in  adjoining  baronies  of  the  county  of  Armagh.  Henry 
Acheson,  the  younger  brother,  whose  cautioner  or  security 
was  Mr.  James  Cunynghame  of  Montgrenane,  returned  to 
his  native  shire  in  Scotland,  where  he  soon  afterwards 
died,  bequeathing  his  proportion  of  Coolemalishe  to  his 
brother,  who  had  purchased  the  adjoining  lands  from  Sir 
James  Dowglass. 

(104).  Caoltmalishe, — This  proportion  adjoined  that  of 
Clancamey  on  the  north,  l3ring  principally  alon^  the 
border  of  Oneilan.  Neither  woods  nor  bogs  arc  wiown 
in  it  on  the  map  ;  but  a  large  swamp  lay  near  the  centre, 
bordering  at  its  northern  extremity  on  the  church  lands 
of  Mnllabrack. 


(105).  Craig, — Craig  came  with  the  King's  h 
to  Ei^and  in  1603,  but  from  what  district  nort 
Tweed  we  have  not  discovered.  In  the  jeumom 
he  had  a  grant  of  the  clerkship  of  the  Watdrobe, 
sion  after  Robert  Tyas  and  Bevis  ThelwaU.  la  tl 
time,  until  his  turn  for  holding  this  oflice  would  < 
was  given  that  of  assistant  to  the  clerk  of  tike  Ki^ 
Wardrobe.  In  the  following  year,  there  is  a  wi 
deliver  to  him  sufficient  stuff  tor  his  yearty  lifer 
Calendar  of  State  Papers^  Domestic  Series,  Jane 
S5,  127,  170).'  This  servant  was  soor  distiagd 
other  and  much  greater  marks  of  die  royal  fimMi 
ing  the  dignity  ofknighthood,  and  grants  of  laiidi' 
out  various  parts  of  Ireland,  north  and  sooth.  € 
one  of  the  earliest  undertakers  to  take  oat  his  p 
the  lands  in  the  Fewes  above  named. 

(106).  Af<f^Afr;v»i/nOT.~These  lands  lay  at  tke 
north  of  the  barony  of  Fewes,  and  were  Mpan 
those  of  Coolemalishe  last  mentioiMd  by  the 
of  Mallabrack*  In  this  proportion,  as  rep 
map,  there  stood  a  cfaurcn  with  a  tower  «t 
conspicuous  cross  on  the  other.  Sir  Jaaca  Cni^ 
interest  in  the  lands  of  Marfieiyeutuni  lo  aa  « 
named  John  Hamilton,  brotaer  of  Sir  Janea  Li 
naboy. 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


285 


SLxd  7s  balliboe ;  Magherydoughery,  one  balliboe ;  Balliletrie,  one  balliboe ;  75  of  a  balliboe 
Comecrewe  next  adjoining  to  the  balliboe  called  Magheryentrim ;  and  7$  of  the  balliboe  called 
illynemanny ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  For  glebe  land,  60  acres  excepted  from  this  grant  The 
emises  are  created  the  manor  of  Magheryentrim,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baroa. 
cut,  5/.  6s,  Sd,  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage. 
^  June,  9th  [161 1].     See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Armagh,  (4)  Car.  I. 

4.  Grant  to   William  Lawder  (107),  gent.      The  small  proportion  called  Kilruddan  (108), 

containing  the  following  lands,  viz.,  Dromargan,  one  balliboe ;  Gamagh',  one  balliboe ;  Dromne- 

doigh,  one  balliboe ;  Killniddan,  one  balliboe ;  Dromanish,  one  balliboe ;  Drewran,  one  balliboe ; 

"Derrinagh,  one  balliboe ;  Dromneecrosse,  one  balliboe  ;  Lanylish,  one  and  7$  balliboe  \  7s  of  the 

bal^oe  called  Rathomatt,  l3dng  next  to  the  balliboe  called  Dirrimagh  ;  75  of  the  balliboe  called 

Drombebeg,  lying  next  to  the  balliboe  called  Lanylish;  in  all,  1,000  acres.     For  glebe  land,  60 

acres  are  excepted  from  this  grant.     The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Kilruddan,  with  300 

aares  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.     Rent  5/.  6j.  %d,  English.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle 

0!  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     11  August,  8th  [16 10].     See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Armagh,  (4) 

Car.1. 

5.  Grant  to  Claude  Hamilton  (109),  gent  The  small  proportion  of  Edeneveagh  (no), 
•  containing  Drombymore,  one  balliboe ;  Edeneveaghes,  2  balliboes ;  Dromcah,  one  balliboe  ;  Cullein, 
one  balliboe ;  Tedaneknappagh,  one  balliboe ;  Utlecky,  one  balliboe ;  O'Loneloome,  one  balliboe ; 
Kilnagappull,  one  balliboe;  and  Loughtvickcollen,  one  balliboe;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  For  glebe 
^d,  60  acres  are  excepted  from  this  grant  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Edeneveagh, 
with  300  acres  in  demesne,  with  a  court  baron.  Rent,  5/.  6j.  %d,  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of 
^  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.  19  August,  8th  [16 10].  See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster y 
Annagh,  (4)  Car.  I. 

II.  The  Precinct  of  Mountjoy  (m),  county  of  Tyrone. 


O07).  Lawder, — Tliis  undertaker  soon  also  disposed  of 
"B  proportion  to  John  Hamilton.  He,  was  amongst  the 
^Iiest  to  take  out  his  patent  as  an  undertaker.  He 
^'^oi^  to  Belhaven,  in  Scotland,  and  was  cautioner  or 
*pirity  for  his  son,  Alexander  Lawder,  who  owned  cer- 
^  lands  in  Ulster. 

^08).  Kilruddan. — Kilruddan  lay  on  the  north-western 
•Wifcrof  Ae  Fewes,  adjoining  Oneilan,  and  included  the 
•wthem  portion  of  the  ancient  Irish  territory  of  the  clan 
^^onqgliy. 

(109).  Claude  Hamilton. — This  gentleman  came  from 

Splice  called  Creichnes,  and  his  cautioner  or  security  for 

4^.  was  Archibald  Hamilton  of  Bairfute  (see  p.  142). 

'Tits  Claude  Hamilton  was  one  of  the  first  undertakers  to 

Ue  out  his  patent. 

(no).  Bdtneveagh. — These  lands  lay  on  the  western 

ionierof  the  Fewes,  the  northern  section  of  this  proportion 

idjoiaing  the  barony  of  Oneilan,  and  its  southern  section 

that  of  Armagh.     The  extensive  church  lands  in  the  Fewes 


precinct  or  barony  are  shown  on  the  map  as  occupying  a 
central  position ;  and  the  five  undertakers'  proportions  are 
marked  as  distinctly  from  the  estates  of  Sir  Tixia^ 
McHenry  O'Neill  in  the  south.  In  the  lands  of  Sir  Tir» 
lagh  a  small  parcel  of  church  land  is  represented  on  the 
map  as  occupying  a  central  position.  On  this  there  was 
a  church  with  a  tower,  but  no  cross. 

(ill).  Afountjoy. — Although  this  precinct  in  Tyrone 
was  named  Mountjoy  in  several  of  the  early  plantation 
papers,  to  distinguish  it  from  the  other  division  of  the 
great  barony  of  Dungannon,  tbe  new  name  was  dropped 
soon  after  1620,  and  the  old  one  resumed  for  the  whole 
barony.  The  surveyors  of  1609  did  not  call  this  precinct 
Mountjoy,  but  wrote  it  down  on  their  map  as  "Parte  of 
the  Barony  of  Donganon."  The  compass  points  directly 
south-east  in  this  map.  The  three  present  divisions  of 
Dungannon,  Upper,  Middle,  and  Lower,  are  bounded  on 
the  north  by  the  county  of  Londonderry  ;  on  the  east,  by 
Lough  Neagh  and  the  Blackwater,  which  separate  them 


286 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


I.  Gra,nt  to  Andrew  Sfervar/,  Lord  Ochiltree  (112).  The  large  proportion  of  Revellk 
(113),  containing  the  lands  of  Liseolby,  one  lialliboe ;  Ballynegoan,  one  baliiboe;  Canu 
balliboe;  Tykerry,  one  balliboe  ;  Langlasse,  one  balliboe;  Downcarron,  one  balliboe;  Ogl 
balliboe ;  Drumhubbert,  one  balliboe ;  Gortinclogh,  one  balliboe ;  Gortnegenny,  one  h 
Ballyogittill,  one  balliboe  ;  Dromard,  one  balliboe ;  Downformoyle,  one  balliboe ;  [ 
balliboe;  Littercleere,  one  balliboe;  Lissenaught,  one  balliboe;  Faegh,  one  balliboe;  1 
reagh,  one  balliboe ;  Aghlary,  one  balliboe ;  Mullytyan,  one  balliboe ;  Gortokill,  Drc 
Dromogallen,  TuUaleige,  I-.isquitt  ell,  Ballybeg,  Dedind,  Tullyinully,  Grehavell,  Droi 
Annahan,  one  balliboe  each  ;  and  Gortygawna,  2  balliboes;  in  all,  2,000  acres.  Rent,  10/. 
From  this  grant  120  acres  of  glebe  lands  are  excepted.  The  premises  are  created  the  m 
Revelinoutra,  with  600  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Also,  the  small  propoi 
Rcvelimightra  (i  14),  containing  Magherytromag,  one  balliboe ;  Fayegh,  Y,  of  a  balliboe  ;  G 
one  balliboe  ;  Ballyblinagh,  one  balliboe ;  Ballyovenny,  one  balliboe;  Ballymagwyre,  one  h 
Ballyonarrigan,  one  balliboe ;  Aghivegh,  one  balliboe ;  Mullaglasse,  Tawnamore,  Kilm* 
[  ],  Killwillychan,  Tawnamully,  one  balliboe  each ;  and  Mulmaogh,  2  balliboes 

1,000  acres.  Rent,  5/.  6^.  M,  Also,  the  following  lands,  viz.,  Coagh,  Furble,  Dromo 
Collsollagh,  Ellyagh,  Mullaghterrory,  Binck,  2  sessioghes;  Tennyleman,  one  balliboe;  G 
Ballytrowan,  Dromcarr,  Lenyterreny,  2  sessioghes ;  Dromore,  Cullytumy,  one  balliboe  ;  in  \ 
acres.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.  See  Inquisitions  cf 
Tyrone,  (46)  Car.  L 


from  the  counties  of  Antrim,  Down,  and  Armagh ;  on 
the  south,  by  the  upper  part  of  the  Blackwater,  which 
separates  them  from  the  county  of  Monaghan  ;  and  on  the 
west,  by  the  baronies  of  Clogher,  Omagh,  and  Strabane. 
On  the  map  of  1609,  however,  the  whole  region  appears 
to  be  literally  inverted^  and  the  boundaries  of  course  take 
their  places  opposite  to  those  in  which  they  appear  on  a 
correctly  drawn  map.  This  precinct  named  Mountjoy, 
comprises  the  northern  or  lower  part  of  Dungannon,  and 
contains  seven  proportions,  which  absorb  about  30,ocx) 
acres,  although  the  undertakers  were  not  supposed  to  have 
more  than  io,5cx>  acres  of  arable  land  distributed  amongst, 
them  !  The  precinct  contained  a  large  portion  of  church 
lands. 

(112).  Ochiltree, — This  was  the  fourth  Lord  Ochiltree, 
whose  grandfather,  called  the  'good  lord,*  was  a  zealous 
promoter  of  religious  reform,  and  whose  aunt  Margaret 
married  John  Knox,  of  reformation  celebrity.  These 
Scottish  Stewarts  descend,  through  the  Lords  Avondale, 
from  Murdock,  Duke  of  Albany.  They  exchanged — some 
time  before  1 534,  with  Sir  James  Hamilton  of  Finnart — 
their  barony  of  Avondale  for  that  of  Ochiltree.  This 
undertaker  of  lands  in  Ulster  had  become  embarrassed, 
and  was  obliged  to  sell  his  barony  of  Ochiltree,  with 
extensive  family  possessions  in  Gallowav.  The  title  of 
Lord  Ochiltree  passed  with  the  barony  of  Ochiltree  to  the 
purchaser,  who  was  this  Lord  Ochiltree's  cousin.  Sir 
James  Stewart  of  Killeth.     Although,   therefore,  he  is 


called  Lord  Ochiltree  in  this  grant,  he  was  01 
Andrew  Stewart,  for  the  reason  already  stated 
way  of  encouragement  for  himself  and  his  son,  b< 
the  loss  of  their  title,  and  to  reconcile  them 
two  proportions  of  Revelinowtra  and  Rerelinei^ 
King  created  the  young  gentleman  Lord  Castle-b 
1615. 

(113).  ReveUituwtra^—'Ditsit  lands  lay  in  th 
eastern  part  of  the  precinct,  bordering  on  Loael 
and  occupying  the  whole  of  the  old  Irish  teml 
which  Andrew  Stewart's  lands  were  named. 
centre  of  Revelinowtra  there  is  shown  on  the  ma| 
lake,  and  near  it  a  bog,  from  which  a  stream  flc 
ward  into  Lough  Neagh. 

(114).  Revelineightra, — ^This  small  proportion 
the  preceding  one,  and  comprised  neariv  all  the 
territory  after  which  it  was  named.  It  my  in  tin 
northern  part  of  the  prednct,  but  was  sepan 
Lough  Neagh  by  some  church  lands,  and  from  tl 
of  Ia>ughinsholm  by  the  balliboes  of  Killsallafl 
fadda,  and  Cogh,  now  Coagh.  This  propoi 
undertaken  by  Andrew  Stewart's  son,  afterwi 
Castle-Stuart  In  Scotland,  the  son  was  known 
Stewart  of  Grange,  and  in  tl^  first  ii*«»iv^ 
acres  of  Revelineightn  were  undertaken  in  1 
Father  and  son  were  amongst  the  earliest  p^ 
Tyrone.  Andrew  Stewart  had  his  uncle  Rober 
as  his  cautioner  (see  p.  140). 


GRANTS    AND    GRANTEES. 


287 


jrant  to  Robert  Stewart  of  Hilton  (115),  gent.  The  small  proportion  of  Ballyokevan  (116), 
ig  the  following  lands,  viz.,  Creevagh,  Mullatermarget,  Danadoragh,  and  Cullin,  oneballiboe 
arlagh,  2  balliboes;  Dromaye,  Moynogher,  Anaghgenney,  Gortglasse,  and  Ballymeanagh, 
ig  one  balliboe  each  ;  Lisbane,  2  balliboes ;  Camibeg  and  Cangowe,  one  balliboe  each ; 
f  a  balliboe  in  Derrie,  next  adjoining  to  Parlagh ;  in  all,  i,ooo  acres.  The  balliboe  of 
allagh  is  excepted  from  this  grant.  The  premises  are  erected  into  the  manor  of  Ballyokevan, 
•  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  5/.  6j.  Zd,  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  .of 
e  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     29  August,  8th  [1610]. 

arant  to  ^>  Robert  Hepbuime  (117),  Knight.  The  middle  proportion  of  O'Carragan  (118), 
ig  the  following  lands,  viz.,  Ballinekelly,  one  balliboe ;  Corr,  one  balliboe ;  Dirrihurke,  one 
;  Dromcoricke,  one  and  Ve  balliboe;  Dromky,  Taghlughnan,  Coias,  Leigh,  Lourtan, 
ke,  [  ],  Cavan,  Dromesper,  Dromcroe,  and  Cahanan,   one  balliboe  each ;  in 

,  y,  a  balliboe ;  Boveaghan,  Cortrean,  and  Dirrigallie,  one  balliboe  each ;  Clontewy,  '/,  a 
;   Tirelenie,  Tre  [  ]  Cawnett,  Kangowe,  Clonmore,  and  Lisroy,  one  balliboe  each ; 

500  acres.  The  balliboe  of  Drommagh,  and  7a  the  balliboe  of  Dromard,  containing  90 
e  excepted  from  this  grant.  The  premises  are  erected  into  the  manor  of  O'Carragan 
igan,  with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  8/.  English.  To  hold  forever, 
;  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     12  July,  8th  [16 10]. 

jrant    to    George    Crayford    (119),   laird    of    Lochnoreis.      The    small    proportion    of 


Hilton. — This  undertaker,  who  was  described 
Iweller  in  Edinburgh,  was  ancestor  of  the 
Stewart  settled  at  Killymoon,  near  Cooks- 
e  purchased  the  lands  contained  in  his  proportion 
nritor  named  Cooke  (probably  Sir  Francis), 
ting  a  grant  of  them  from  the  Crown  ;  and  took 
xxie  at  first  in  the  balliboe  or  townland  of 
inagh.  A  younger  brother  of  this  Robert 
une  at  the  same  time,  and  settled  at  Gortegal, 
ime  neighbourhood.  He  was  also  the  founder 
ential  and  respectable  family.  Robert  Stewart's 
nas  William  Stewart,  of  Dunduff. 

ballyokevan. — This  prop>ortion  included  the  two 
cries  of  Ballyokevan  and  Ballyoquin,  or  all  the 
ic  district  of  the  present  Cookstown.  On  the 
are  woods  plentifully  represented,  and  also  two 
church  is  placed  in  the  locality  where  the  town 
s. 

{cpbunu. — Sir  Robert  Hepbume  was  a  member 
lerstown  family  of  this  surname.  He  appeared 
autioner    for    a   kinsman,    named    Alexander 

of    Bangla,    but    he     soon    afterwards    got 

of  the  above-named  lands  himself.     In  1605 

aker  was  lieutenant  of  the  King's  guard,  and 

I  this  capacity  to  the  Isles  to  receive  from  their 

owners  the  castles  of  Dunyveg  in  Isla,  and 

Mull ;  and  in  order  to  prevent  the  escape  of 
rs,  the  inhabitants  of  Cantire,  and  the  western 
ordered,  by  proclamation,  to  deliver  all  their 


boats  to  this  officer.      See   Gregory's    History  of  the 
Western  Highlands^  p.  307. 

(118).  O'Carra^aw.— These  lands  retained  the  name  of 
the  Irish  territory  in  which  they  were  comprised.  It  lay 
in  the  south-eastern  comer  of  the  precinct  of  Mountjoy, 
adjoining  the  county  of  Armagh,  having  the  then  imap- 
propriated  territory  of  Clanaghrieon  the  north,  and  church 
lands  on  its  eastern  and  western  boundaries.  The  lands 
are  represented  on  the  map  as  wooded,  but  without  bog. 

(119).  Crayford.  — This  undertaker,  afterwards  Sir  Geo. 
Crawford,  belonged  to  a  very  old  family  in  the  parish  of 
Cumnock,  Ayrshire,  supposed  to  have  been  a  branch  of 
the  Crawfbrds  of  Loudon.  Lefnoreis  castle  stood  on  the 
banks  of  the  Lugar,  not  far  from  Cumnock,  and  is  de- 
scribed in  old  family  charters  as  a  square  tower  called  the 
Ward  ;  but  it  has  long  since  disappeared.  George  Craw- 
ford was  the  tenth  in  descent  from  his  ancestor  who  held 
Lefnoreis,  or,  more  correctly,  Lochnorris,  in  1440.  The 
chiefs  of  the  family,  in  their  generations,  figured  promin- 
ently in  the  raids,  spulzies,  abductions,  &c.,  of  the  dis- 
trict in  which  they  lived  ;  but  at  the  time  of  this  under- 
taker, the  family  estates  had  become  so  encumbered  that 
he  was  compelled  to  sell  first  one  part,  and  then  another, 
until  all  had  disappeared  from  the  family.  Lochnorris 
eventually  passed  into  the  possession  of  the  Crichtons  and 
Stuarts,  earls  of  Dumfries,  who  superseded  the  old  square 
tower  of  the  Crawfords  by  a  fine  residence  known  as 
Dumfries  House.  See  Paterson's  Families  of  Ayrshire^ 
vol.  i.,  pp.  355,  357. 


288 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Tullcle^an  (120),  consisting  of  the  following  lands,  viz.,  Tullamore,  Rose,  Lurge,  Rousky,  Dergnrn, 
Dromfeaghan,  Nadoone,  Nekaddy,  Tullalegan,  Killegaman,  and  Gortnegawna,  one  balliboe  each ; 
Killnegar,  2  balliboes ;  Kilcredan  and  Fenwoigh,  one  balliboe  each  \  Ballicroay,  one  balliboe ; 
and  V3  of  ^  balliboe  in  Nekally,  near  adjoining  to  Fenwoigh ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  The  balliboe  of 
Derrinagh,  containing  60  acres,  is  excepted  from  this  grant.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor 
of  Tullelegan,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  5/.  6f.  8^.  To  hold  forever, 
as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     29  August,  8th  [16 10]. 

5.  Grant  to  Bernard  Lindsey  (121),  of  1,000  acres  called  Creighballcs  (122).      6.  Grant  to 
Robert  Lindsey  {12^^  of  1,000  acres  called  TuUoghoge  {12^),      7.  Grant  to  Robert  SUumrt  (u^ 

of  Rotton,  of  1,000  acres  called These  grants  are  not  recorded  in  the  printed  Pauaa 

Rolls  of  the  reign  of  James  I.,  nor  in  the  printed  Inquisitions  of  Ulster. 

III.  The  Precinct  of  Strabane  (126),  in  the  county  X)f  Tyrone. 
I.  Grant  to  fames  Hamilton  (127),  Earl  of  Abercorn.     The  small  proportion  of  1,000 


(120).  TulUhgan, — These  lands  are  represented  on  the 
map  as  being  free  from  wood  and  bog.  They  lay  at  some 
distance  westward  of  Robert  Stewart's  proportion  of 
Ballyokevan,  from  which  it  was  separated  by  the  church 
lands  of  Dromarde  and  Keelog. 

(121).  Lindsey, — Lindsey  came  from  Lough-hill,  co. 
Haddington,  and  had  been  also  a  servant  in  the  King^s 
household.  Among  the  State  Papers  fs  a  warrant,  dated 
1603-4,  "to  deliver  to  Bernard  Lindsay,  Groom  of  the 
Bedchamber,  stuff  for  his  winter  apparel."  Another 
warrant  for  a  similar  purpose  is  dated  the  17th  of  the 
following  September.  In  1008,  Lindsay's  name  is  returned 
with  those  of  several  "Scotsmen,"  who  had  obtained 
grants  of  various  sorts  from  the  King.  See  Calendar  of 
State  Papers f  Domestic  Series,  James  I.,  1603-10,  pp. 
69,  150,  189,  433. 

(122).  CreighbalUs.  — This  proportion  lay  on  the  southern 
border  of  the  precinct  of  Mountjoy,  some  parts  of  it  being 
included  in  the  other  section  of  the  great  region  known  as 
Dun^annon.  On  the  extreme  border  of  the  map  of  this 
precmct  it  is  stated  that  the  "5  townes  marked  ^  belong 
to  a  small  proportion  in  the  other  map  of  this  barony." 

(123).  Robert  Lindsey, — Brother  to  Bernard  above- 
mentioned,  both  being  the  sons  of  Thomas  Lindesay,  of 
Kingswork,  Leith,  who  had  held  the  office  of  Searcher- 
General  of  Leith,  which  he  resigned,  in  1594,  in  favour 
of  his  son  Bernard.  In  1580,  he  held  the  office  of 
Snowdon  Herald,  which  he  continued  to  hold  until  1594. 
The  King  is  described  as  providing  for  this  person's  whole 
family,  sons  and  daughters,  from  lands  and  tithes  that  had 
belonged  to  the  abbey  of  North  Berwick  and  the  friars  of 
Linlithgow.  Robert,  his  son,  settled  in  Ulster,  and 
founded  a  family  in  Tyrone.    See  Burke's  Landed  Gentry, 

(124).  Tidioghoge, — This  proportion  adjoined  in  part 
the  barony  of  Loughinsholin,  comprising  the  old  Irish 
territory  of  Ballhagan^  written  thus  on  the  map,  and 
without  the  distinguishing  O  in  the  name.  The  surveyors 
do  not  even  represent  on  their  map  of  this  district  the 


celebrated  position  on  which  the  0*Neill  prinoes 
inaugurated.  On  a  map  of  Tyrone,  made  at  the  doie  of 
the  war,  the  hill  in  Ballyohagan  is  deKribed  tbv." 
**Tullogh-Oge. — On  this  hiU  were  4  stones  in  the  aacr 
of  a  Chorre,  wherein  the  Oneales  this  mank  yeaici  kiff 
bin  made.  The  same  are  now  taken  away  by  his  Lad- 
ship"  [Mountjoy]. 

(125).  Robert  Stewart.— \Jnc\e  to  Andrew  Stewirt, 
formerly  Lord  Ochiltree  (see  p.  286).  Rottamt  here  wOf 
tioned  as  the  name  of  his  place  in  Scotland,  is  a  ooobM- 
tion  for  Robertoun,  He  was  one  of  the  first  to  tdoe  oA 
his  patent;  and  had  as  cautioner  his  nephew,  Aadicv 
Stewart.  He  had  his  proportion  assigned  to  kia 
the  border  between  the  precincts  of  Mountjoy  and  " 
gannon,   and  partly  in  both.      On  the 


of  this  map  of  Mountjoy,  the   map-maker  has  wntt^ 
opposite  this  Robert  Stewart's  lands— ** The  rest  of  th^ 
small  proportion  is  in  the  other  map  of  this 
[Dungannon]. 


(126).  ^yra^aff^.— The  whole 
north  by  the  county  of  London  I 
barony  of  Omagh  ;  on  the  east.  1 
derry  and  the  t^rony  of  Dungau. 
the  countv  of  Done^L  On 
barony  of  Strabane  is  represea 
distinct  maps.  In  one  of  these  - 
N.  E.  ;  but  on  the  other  due  so  \ 
may  be  supposed,  differ  alto : 
stated.  The  area  of  the  whole 
all  of  which,  with  the  exception 
represented  on  the  two  maps  of 
in  eight  proportions,  the  unde 
that  time  supposed  to  hold  amo 
acres  of  arable  land  ! 

(127).  ffatmltan.'^Tht  first  ' 
Lord  Claude  Hamilton,  foaith 
of  Amm.     Lord  Clande  Hair> 
Viscount  Paisley  in  1587,  and  n 


t>arony is bonaded oi i_  _ 
:rry  ;  on  the  soBtfc,bf  th^ 
•/  the  conntj  ofLoMO^^ 
\  >n ;  and  on  the  vot,^ 
le  survey  of  1609^ 

k1  in  two  paitii  oa  ( 
lips  the  oompas 

1.     The  boandukii 

:her  from  thxc 


'^ 


arony  u  iftXfgO 
' some chordi  lu'^lf 
109,  as  bebtt  abmhi' 
ken  of  whioi  wot  ^ 
M  them  all  oaly  i^S* 


-rl  of  Abciconi 
3n  of  tlie 
ton  bad 
lied  in  i6it. 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


289 


called  Sttnbane^  and  the  large  proportion  of  2,000  acres  known  as  Dunnalonge  (128).  [The  terms 
Of  this  grant  are  not  specially  recorded  in  the  printed  Patent  Rolls  of  James  I.,  nor  in  the  printed 
Inquisitions  of  Ulster ;  but  the  reader  may  see  the  denominations  on  this  estate  recited  at 
length  in  the  latter,  Temp.  Gul,  and  Afar], 

2.  Grant  to  Sir  Claude  Hamilton  (129),  Knight,  The  small  proportion  of  Killeny  (130), 
consisting  of  the  following  lands,  viz.,  Maneskenan,  one  balliboe ;  Aghnecree,  one  balliboe ; 
Derriconly,  one  balliboe ;  [  ],  one  balliboe ;  Drome,  one  balliboe  ;  Killeny,  one  balliboe ; 
Rouskie,  one  balliboe ;  [  ],  one  balliboe ;  Dromeene,  one  balliboe  \  [  ],  one 
balliboe  ;  Ribetony,  one  balliboe  \  [  ],  one  balliboe ;  Coolecurry,  one  balliboe  ;  Conkill, 
one  balliboe ;  [  ],  one  balliboe  \  in  Bulyalla,  73  of  a  balliboe ;  in  Lysnecreny,  '/j  of  a 
balliboe ;  and  V3  parts  of  a  balliboe  in  Altinishnechchagh ;  in  all,  1,000.  Also  the  small 
proportion  of  Teadaney  or  Eden,  containing  the  following  mentioned  lands,  viz.,  Speran,  one 
balliboe ;  Balliconaghe,  one  balliboe ;  Meneocrane,  one  balliboe ;  Shragnegalbolly,  one  balliboe ; 
Loughess,  one  balliboe;  Shragnebehy,  one  balliboe;  Derrickalla,  Dotterbrat,  Agheteeoslane, 
Teadane,  Darboghane,  Tiraneamaddyn,  Garvaghe,  Gortnecashell,  Glanlark,  and  Coughlan,  one 
balliboe  each  ;  and  Vj  of  a  balliboe  in  Lysnecreny  next  to  Derrykalla ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.     From 

this  grant  were  excepted  the  balliboes  of  Creaghanben  and  Cloghemeagh,  each  containing  60  acres. 

Total  rent,  10/.  13J.  4^/.  English.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage. 

See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Tyrone,  (9)  Car.  I. 

3.  Grant  io  James  Clapen  or  Claphame  (131),  gent  The  two  small  proportions  of  Newtone 
vAUslapp  (132),  including  the  following  lands,  viz.,  Cloghogall,  Creighduffe,  Galla,  Newtowne, 
Castlemoyle,  Straghcalter,  Doontebrianroe,  Corlea,  Shancaslan,  [  ],  Bumumner-Owen, 
Racreagh,  Doonteig,  Tallamuck,  Leaglan,  Tullagh,  [  ],  Killenure,  Cashell,  Clontecanonty, 
ColkiUkame,    Bareagh,   Gortnecreagh,   Lytterbannagher,   Baltyrry,   Leightenesboy,   Cavangarvan, 


.(128).  Strabane  and  Duntudonge. — These  two  propor- 
tions were  separated  firom  each  other  by  that  of  Cloghog- 
^1  belonging  to  Sir  George  Hamilton,  a  brother  of  the 
"rfofAbercom. 

(J29).  Claude  Hamilton,— Tht  Earl  of  Abercom's  next 
°'^r,  being  known  in  Scotland  as  of  Lerleprevicke. 

.  ('30).  Killtny. — This  proportion  adjoined  those  belong- 
"«to  Sir  Claude  Hamilton's  brothers,  the  Earl  of  Aber- 
*°n*  and  Sir  George  Hamilton.  These  Hamiltons  were 
*WDgst  the  first  undertakers  to  get  out  their  patents. 

('30-  Clathame, — Another  Scotch  servant  of  the  King, 

who  had  followed  his  royal  master  southward  across  the 

Tweed,  to  add  to  the  crowd  of  his  tormentors.     James 

Claphame  had  determined,  like  many  of  his  countrymen, 

ft*  to  return    northward  again,    for  among  the   State 

Papers  of  1604  is  copy  of  a  grant  of  denization  in  England 

to  himself  and  his  heirs,     "nie  King  had  evidently  owed 

(2tfs  Scotch  servant  money,  for,  in  December,  1607,  there 

0  a  grant  to  the  latter  "of  the  moiety  of  so  much  money 

as  is,  or  may  be,  due  to  the  King,  from  the  Statute  for 

porchases  of  lands  at  undervalues."    In  August,  16 10, 

M    I 


when  this  favoured  servant  was  coming  to  Ulster  for  a  slice 
of  the  escheated  lands,  he  carried  with  him  the  original 
of  the  following  note  from  the  King  to  Chichester  and 
the  council  in  Dublin  : — **The  bearer,  James  Clapham, 
goes  to  Ireland  as  an  undertaker.  Inasmuch  as  he  is  an 
old  servant,  whom  the  King  desires  to  favour,  his  Majesty 
has  bestowed  on  him  the  castle  of  Newton,  in  Tyrone,  and 
commands  him  to  be  kindly  used  and  furthered  in  his 
settling.  Grafton,  20  August,  in  the  8th  year  of  our 
reign"  [1610].  Thus  the  castle  and  much  of  the  lands 
that  had  belonged  for  many  centuries  to  the  chiefs  of  the 
Slut  Airt  Oneills,  passed  into  the  hands  of  a  servant,  to 
pay,  no  doubt,  for  accumulated  arrears  of  wages. 

(132).  Newtone  and  Lislapp. — These  two  proportions 
adjoined,  although  Newton  lay  in  one  map  and  Lislapp  in 
the  other,  of  the  precinct.  These  were  both  historical 
districts.  In  the  former,  the  old  castle  of  Newton — the 
residence  of  Sir  Turlough  Luineach  O'Neill  and  his  an- 
cestors— appears  prominently  on  the  map ;  in  the  latter 
[Lislapp]  tne  two  great  piles  of  Castlemoyle  and  Shan- 
casla  are  attractively  drawn,  and  suggest  many  stirring 
events  in  the  history  of  that  great  family  of  the  O'Neills. 


290 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


Lysneshannah,  Lysnerey,  Lyslapp,  Gortcrannagh,  Tibberrekeragh,  and  Gregaghey,  one  towne-land 
each  ;  in  all,  2,000.  Glebe  lands,  containing  120  acres,  excepted  from  this  grant  The  piemises 
erected  into  the  manor  of  Newtowne,  with  600  acres  of  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent, 
10/.  135.  4//.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.  29  May^ 
8th  [1610].     See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Tyrone,  (5)  Car.  I. 

4.  Grant  to  Sir  Thomas  Boyd  (133),  Knight,      The  middle  proportion  of  Sheane  (134K 
containing  the  undermentioned  lands,  viz.,  FeofTyn,  one  balliboe ;  Fallart,  "/.  balliboe  ;  Ballinlear, 
one    balliboe;    Glanlasse,    7^    balliboe;    Wrighan,   one    balliboe;    Tullocosker,   one   balliboe; 
Gortgewiffe,  one  balliboe ;  Corlostie,  one  balliboe ;  Gri  [  \  one  balliboe ;  Kiellegarrie,  one 
balliboe;    Gortloanger,  one  balliboe;   Sheane,   one  balliboe;   Killmer,  one  balliboe;    MuUane-^ 
doogarye,  one  balliboe ;    Cloutman,  one  balliboe ;  '/,  a  balliboe  of  Coolehe ;  Dromanhanagh,  00^ 
balliboe ;  Lisdoonloaghan,  one  balliboe  ;  Creaghnetonagh,  one  balliboe ;  Aliscragh,  one  balliboe 
Cloughadoda,    one  balliboe ;    Carricknebohill,   one   balliboe ;    Tawnagh-Ibogan,    one  balliboe:^ 
Dounkankill,  one  balliboe ;  Mackgerme,  one  balliboe  ;  Gortnegroagh,  one  balliboe ;  and  '/.  ballibc::^ 
in  Listeemore ;  in  all,  2,000  acres.     Glebe  lands  containing  90  acres  are  excepted  from  this  grac^  £ 
The  premises  were  created  the  manor  of  Sheane,  with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baroxi 
Rent,  8/.  English.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.      29  Au^gusn; 
8th  [16 10].     See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Tyrone,  (5)  Jac.  I. 

5.  Grant  to  Sir  George  Hamilton  (135),  Knight.     The  middle  proportion  of  Zargit,2lii$ 


(133).  Boyd, — This  undertaker  was  brother-in-law  to 
the  Earl  of  Abercom,  the  latter  having  married  Sir 
Thomas  Boyd's  sister,  Marion.  This  Sir  Thomas  was  son 
of  the  15th  representative  chief  of  the  Boyds  of  Kilmar- 
nock. He  was  known  as  Sir  Thomas  Boyd  of  Bedlay, 
BoUinschawn,  or  Bonshawe ;  and  he  married  Grissell 
Conynghame,  daughter  of  Alexander  Cuninghame,  only 
son  by  the  second  marriage  of  Alexander,  fifth  Earl  of 
Glencaim.  Sir  Thomas  Boyd's  father,  who  was  styled 
the  Bfth  Lord  Boyd,  had  made  himself  conspicuous  in  the 
feuds  and  fights  of  his  own  district,  from  the  results  ofwhich 
he  was  afflicted  with  some  malady  in  his  head,  which 
rendered  him,  perhaps,  better  known  in  his  generation 
than  even  his  exploits  as  a  clan  warrior.  On  various 
occasions  he  was  obliged  to  travel  in  pursuit  of  health, 
requiring  always  the  King's  license  to  do  so.  Thus,  in 
1597,  he  had  a  pass  from  James  VI.  to  go  away  for  three 
years  wherever  ne  believed  he  could  most  likely  obtain  the 
precious  boon  which  he  seems  to  have  so  eagerly  sought 
This  royal  pass  commences  thus  : — "We,  understanding 
that  our  cousing,  Thomas  Master  of  Boyd,  is  vext  with 
anc  grievous  dolour  in  his  held,  and  other  diseises  in  his 
body,  as  he  cannot  find  sufficient  ease  and  remeid  within 
our  realme,  bot  is  in  mind  to  seik  the  same  in  forein  cun- 
tries,  quhair  [where]  the  samyn  [same]  maist  convenientlie 
may  Ix:  had,  thairfore,  be  the  tenor,  givis  and  grantis 
licence  to  him  to  depart  and  pass  forth  of  our  realme,  to 
the  partes  of  France,  Flandcris,  Wall  [well]  of  the  Spa, 
and  other  partes  quhair  he  pleisis,  there  to  remaine, 
&c.,  &c."  (See  Paterson's  Families  of  Ayrshire^  vol.  ii,, 
p.  177).  Sir  Thomas  Boyd  was  amongst  the  first  under- 
takers in  Ulster  to  take  out  his  patent. 


(134).  Sheane, — This  proportion  lay  on  the  border  of 
the  county  Donegal,  from  which  it  was  sepazated  bj  tic 
river  Finn.  On  the  map  it  is  represented  as  thai  ooi- 
taining  considerable  quantities  of  wood  and  bog. 

(135).  Sir  George  HamUUnu — A  brother  of  Jama  tke 
First,  Earl  of  Abercom,  and  son  of  Lord  Claude  HamOiOB 
already  mentioned.     The  father  [Lord  PaisleyJ  adknd 
to  the  interests  of  Maiy  Queen  of  Scots,  throq{lioit  aD 
the  discords  that  prevailed  during  her  unfortanitc  reip- 
After  the  battle  of  Langside,  in  1568,  this  nohlcan  **^ 
outlawed  by  the  regent  Murray,  and  his  estates  feriatd»^ 
During  the  r»^ncy  of  the  Earl  of  Mar  his  Itnds  vcrc 
given  to    Lord  Semphill,   and  during  the  icpacy  o» 
Morton  he  continued  to  be  a  sharer  in  the  omfarnB^ 
and    oppressions    that    fell    so  heavily   on   the  vboi^ 
Hamilton  race.     When  the  yoimg  King,  however,  ivkr* 
took  the  management  of  Scottiui  af&usi  heRSUNedt0 
them  all  their  honours  and  estates.     In  additioa  to  the 
family  property,  he  granted  to  this  Lord  CUode  nd  hi^ 
heirs,  in  1585,  the  lordship  and  bwoay  of  Pabky,  «i>^ 
all  the  monastery  lands  there,  rabing  him  to  the  peB>^ 
by  the  title  of  Ix}rd  Paisley,  in  1587.     He  mtmd  « 
daughter  of  Lord  Seton,  and  by  her  had  one  ~ 


and  at  least  four  sons.  His  daughter  became  the  Mtf^ 
chioness  of  Douglas.  This  Sir  (rtwge  HamUtoi.  «^ 
became  an  undertaker  in  the  barony  cu  Strabme  vvU^ 
[Lord  Paisley's]  third  son.  (See  Crawford's  iKrtPfy  4 
Renfrew^  continued  by  Robertioa,  !>.  319).  He  «* 
known  in  Scotland  as  Sir  Gecn]ge  Hamilton,  of  Gna* 
lawe,  and  was  amongst  the  first  wideftdMn  to  take  01* 
his  patent 


GRANTS    AND    GRANTEES. 


291 


^loghogenall  (136),  and  the  small  proportion  of  Derrie-woom  (137).      These  grants  are  not  recorded 

in  the  printed  Rolls  of  James  I. ;  but  in  the  Inquisitions  of  Ulster  there  occurs  the  following  curious 

sotice  of  lands  included  in  Sir  George  Hamilton's  property : — "  Balliola  being  one  balliboe  of  land, 

<loth  so  lye  betwixte  the  balliboe  called  Killenan,  on  the  southe  syde,  and  Fallasloye  on  the  north. 

^he  two  balliboes  called  Cavan-Ychoal  and  Foyfyn,  lying  together,  are  bounded  by  the  balliboe 

trailed  Gortcrome  on  the  north  and  weste  syde,  and  the  balliboes  called  Barran  and  Tircamen  on 

-the  east  and  south  syde.     The  7  balliboes  of  land  and  two  sessioghs  commonly  called  by  the 

^ames  of  Dirreowen,  Ruskye,  Dromlegagh,  Towmamgrada,  Latterbye,  and  Ennagh-Renan,  with 

-the  two  sessioghs  of  Caste  and  Clonte,  being  two  parts  of  the  balliboe  of  Cloghognall,  as  all  the  sayd 

lands  are  meared  and  bounded,  with  the  quarter  of  Kilmartyn  on  the  southe-east  syde,  Timerdart 

on  the  north-east,  the  river  of  Ferragh  on  the  south-west,  the  2  balliboes  of  Rosse  and  Clogher  on 

the  north  syde.     All  the  sayd  parcells  of  lande,  conteyning  10  balliboes  and  2  sessioghs  aforesaid, 

^e  parte  of  the  mydle  pporcon  of  Cloghognall,  and  the  small  pporcon  of  Dirreowne.     The  10 

l>alliboes  and  2  sessioghs  are  not  above  the  ^  of  Cloghognall  and  Dirreowne,  and  are  most  fitt  to 

be  sett  to  the  Irishe,  and  the  setting  of  same  to  the  Irishe  is  not  disadvantageous  to  the  British 

freeholders  or  leaseholders  of  the  same  pporcons.     There  are  no  concealed  lands  within  the  sayd 

2  pporcons  or  eyther  of  them.      Clogher  als  Balleclogher,  within  the  pporcon  of  Dirrwoen,  is  the 

fittest  and  most  convenient  place  within  the  said  pporcons  to  keepe  one  weekely  inarkett  at ;  and 

the  sayd  market  may  be  uppon  thursdaye,  weekely,  without  prejudice  or  hindrance  to  any  of  the 

neighbouring  marketts.     One  faire  may  be  most  conveniently  houlden  yerely,  at  the  said  Clogher 

al'  Ballyclogher,  upon  the  25th  Aprill;  and  one  other  faire  at  Ballymagorry  in  the  pporcon  of 

Cloghognall,   the   21st   Oct,   yerely,   without  damage  to  any  of  the  neighbouring  faires."      See 

^Mmitions  of  Ulster^  Tyrone,  (10)  Car.  I. 

6.  Grant  to  Sir  John  Dromond  (138),  Knight,  The  small  proportion  of  Ballymagoieth  (139), 
including  the  lands  undermentioned,  viz.,  Crany,  one  balliboe ;  Mullaghmore,  one  balliboe ; 
Bohereagh,  one  balliboe ;  Namullen,  one  balliboe ;  Tirequin,  one  balliboe ;  Meaghan,  one  balliboe ; 
Crosse,  one   balliboe ;    Dirinoon,  one  balliboe ;    Gortenegarne,  Ballymagoieth,  Ballyshraghcroy, 


('36).  ChghogenalL — These  lands  lay  between  the 
p«  Abercom  s  two  proportions  of  Strabane  and  Du 


Earl 
proportions  of  Strabane  and  Dunna- 
ge; they  are  represented  on  the  map  as  being  free 
"oni  wood  and  bog. 

U37).  DerrU'Woone, — This  proportion  was  consider- 
*%  distant  firom  Sir  George  Hamilton's  larger  one 
^tioncd  in  the  preceding  note,  and  lay  on  the  border 
« the  barony  of  Omey  or  Omagh.  The  lands  of  Derrie- 
''^ne  stretched  along  the  bank  of  the  river  Derg, 
^  ait  represented  on  the  map  as  mountainous  and 
^^^S^  Near  the  centre  of  the  proportion  is  a  lake, 
^th  a  lake-dwelling  thereon,  neither  of  which  are  named 
00  the  map. 

(13S),  Sir  John  Dromond, — Dnmmiond    came  from 
Menteith.    He  was  one  of  a  great  Perth  connexion,  all  of 
whom  whom    were  devoted  adherents  of  the  House  of 
Stuart    By  the  time  James  I.  got  the  length  of  the  Eng- 
lish throne,  this  Sir  John  Drummond  was  quite  ready  to 
ga  southward  also,  and  share  in  whatever  pickings  might 


fall  to  his  lot.  The  first  was  a  grant,  in  Feb.,  1603-4, 
of  the  keeping  of  the  Park  at  Shenston,  county  of  Stafford, 
void  by  the  death  of  an  old  Countess  of  Warwick.  The 
next  was  a  grant  in  January,  1607-8,  of  the  moiety  of 
5,000/.  old  debts  due  to  the  Crown,  to  be  recovered  by 
him  [Sir  John].  In  July,  1609,  another  grant  of  a  similar 
description ;  and,  in  the  same  year,  a  gift  to  Drummond 
of  i,cxx>/.,  being  part  of  the  King's  moiety  of  a  former 
grant  to  him  of  5,000/.  of  debts  due  to  the  Crown.  See 
Calendar  of  State  Papers^  Domestic  Series,  James  I., 
1603.10,  pp.  78,  399,  527,  573. 

(139).  Ballymagoieth, — This  proportion  lay  in  the 
vicinity  of  Ornagh,  being  only  separated  therefrom  by  the 
little  nver  which  formed  the  boundary  line  at  that  point 
between  the  two  baronies  of  Omagh  and  Strabane.  The 
lines  do  not  seem  to  have  fallen  in  this  instance  to  Sir 
John  Drummond  in  pleasant  places,  for  the  map  represents 
the  whole  district  of  Ballymagoieth  as  a  r^on  of  woods, 
mountains,  and  bogs. 


292 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Camonen,  Lissnerasse,  Lysardoynagh,  Tatenegallagh,  and  Tatenure,  one  balliboe  each ;  ' 
balliboe  of  Raleagh,  next  adjoining  the  balliboe  of  Nargnoth ;  and  '/j  of  the  balliboe  of  Tul 
Erehill,  adjoining  the  balliboe  of  Lisardoynagh  ;  in  all,  i,qoo.  From  this  grant  60  a* 
glebe  land  is  excepted.  Rent,  5/.  65.  8^.  English.  The  premises  are  created  the  m 
Ballymagoieth,  with  3,000  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  tl 
of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  T3n"one,  (3)  Car.  L 

7.  Grant  to  Janus  Haig  (140),  gent.  The  middle  proportion  of  Tirencmuriertagk 
consisting  of  the  lands  undermentioned,  viz.,  Glanmackcaffer,  Shrareagh,  Gortin,  Downebi 
Liskable,  Relan,  Drott  Cloughfineitra,  Cloughfinowtra,  Dromenekelly,  Racolpe,  C 
Corboylan,  Feigharry,  Ballygilla,  Killin,  Tagheleghan,  Tirecurry,  AUagh,  Tirenemu: 
Quillan,  and  Lislapp,  one  balliboe  each ;  Eskerdowy,  ^  a  balliboe;  Dromlea,  one  baUib< 
Raleagh,  7,  a  balliboe ;  in  all,  1,500  acres.  From  this  grant  is  excepted  90  acres  for  gle 
Rent,  8/.  English.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Tirenmuriertagh,  with  450  \ 
demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common 
8th  [16 10].     See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Tyrone,  (4)  Car.  I. 

8.  Grant  to  George  Hamilton  (142),  gent  The  small  proportion  of  Teadane  (143),  co; 
the  following  lands,  viz.,  Speran,  one  balliboe;  Balliconaghe,  one  balliboe;  Meneocnu 
balliboe ;  ShragnegallboHy,  one  balliboe ;  Loughess,  one  balliboe ;  Shraghnebehy,  one  b 
Derrickalla,  one  balliboe ;  Dotterbrat,  one  balliboe  ;  Agheteeoslane,  one  balliboe ;  Teada 
balliboe ;  Darboghane,  one  balliboe ;  Tiraneamaddyn,  one  balliboe ;  Garvaghe,  one  b 
Gortnecashell,  one  balliboe  ;  Glanlark,  one  balliboe ;  Coughlan,  one  balliboe ;  and  7>  bal 
Lisnecreeny,  next  to  the  balliboe  of  Derrykalla.  From  this  grant  is  excepted  the  ball 
Cloghemagh,  containing  60  acres.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  commoD 
8th  [16 10].     See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster y  Tyrone,  (9)  Car.  I. 


(140).  yames  Haig. — Haig  had  tastes  which  led  him  in 
another  direction  than  among  the  wilds  of  Monterlony, 
and  although  he  obtained  a  'scope'  of  the  escheated  lands 
there  is  no  evidence  that  he  ever  came  even  to  look  at  his 
proportion.  Among  the  State  Papers,  Domestic  Series, 
of  1606,  there  is  a  letter  from  Salisoury  to  this  Mr.  Haig, 
in  which  the  writer  states  that  he  **does  not  consider  his 
[Haig's]  writing  to  him  an  intrusion,  and  accepts  his  offer 
of  corresponding  with  some  foreign  minister.  **  Probably, 
that  encouragement,  from  so  influential  a  quarter,  turned 
Haig*s  attention  into  another  field  for  the  exercise  of  his 
powers.  At  all  events,  his  lands  appear  soon  afterwards 
to  have  passed  into  the  joint  possession  of  Sir  George 
Hamilton  and  Sir  William  Stewart 
X  (141).  Tirentmururtagh. — These  lands  comprised  the 
comparatively  wild  and  rugged  district  now  known  as 
Monterlony,  and  bordered  throughout  most  of  its  extent 
on  the  barony  of  Omey  or  Omagh.  In  a  paper  headed 
Paients  already  enrolled  in  Ireland^  and  preserved  among 
the  public  records  of  the  time,  this  proportion  is  repre- 
sented  as  originally  belonging  to  Sir  Claude  Hamilton  of 
Lerleprevicke,  in  Scotland.     See  note  129,  supra. 


(142).  George  HamUtan, — ^This  undertaker  «a 
man,  probably,  of  the  other  planters  of  thb  snniii 
same  oarony,  and  was  known  as  of  Bynning  in  S 
He,  In  common  with  the  Hamiltons  genendly, 
scended  from  Sir  Gilbert  de  Hamildown,  tlie 
founder  of  that  numerous  race.  This  Hamiltioii  of 
belonged  to  the  family  seated  at  Fingaltoii»  is  1 
and  was  the  thirteenth  in  descent  firom  Sir  Gilh 
mentioned,  being  a  son  of  Sir  John  Hamiltoe  of  Fi 
by  his  wifejoane,  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Ottc 
Ridhall.  Georsne  Hamilton  had  served  in  the 
Gustavus  Adolphus,  and  on  his  return  he  appear 
been  attracted  to  Ulster  for  a  time  ;  bat  he  sooa 
of  his  proportion  to  Sir  Claude  Hamilton,  1^ 
took  possession,  and  had  made  some  prepare 
building. 

(143).  Teadane, — ^These  lands  were  aooo  ad 
known  as  Eden.  They  lay  on  the  boondaries  oC  < 
and  Loughinsholin  baronies,  and  wereintenected  1 
or  termination  of  the  gi[<nt  range  known  as  tk 
mountains.  The  river  Derg  flowed  throaf^  dv 
tion  firom  end  to  end. 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


293 


III.  The  Precinct  of  Portlough  (144),  in  the  county  of  Donegal. 

I.  Grant  to  the  Duke  of  Lennox  (145).      The  small  proportion  of  Magavelean  or  Magevelin 

46),  containing  the  lands  undermentioned,  viz.,  Maymun,  one  quarter ;  Moymore,  one  quarter; 

eteyn,  one  quarter ;  Credough,  one  quarter ;  Magavelen,  one  quarter ;  and  '/g  of  the  quarter  of  Alta- 

aLskyn  adjoining  Maymore  ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.     Also  the  small  proportion  of  LytterguU^  containing 

^Tomore,  one  quarter ;  Cooleghemore,  one  quarter  ;  Tullyrapp,  one  quarter  ;  Foyglasse,  one  quarter ; 

Littergull,  one  quarter ;  Ballyblanan,  one  quarter ;  and  Yg  quarter  of  Carrickneshinagh ;    in  all, 

1,000  acres.      And  also  the  small  proportion  of  Cashell^  including  the  lands  of  Kinikilly,  one 

quarter  \  Cashell,  one  quarter ;    Glashogan,  one  quarter ;    Moynasse,  one  quarter ;  Cloghfin,  one 

quarter;  Tawnagh,  one  quarter;  and  '/e  quarter  of  Altacaskyn,  adjoining  the  quarter  of  Cloghfin ; 

in  all,  1,000  acres.     Total  rent  for  the  three  proportions,  16/.  English.      From  this  grant  are 

lexcepted  Ya  of  the  quarter  of  Carrickneshannagh,  containing  120  acres,  and  %  of  the  quarter  of 

Altacaskyn,  containing  60  acres.      The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Magevelin,  Lettergull, 

and  Cashell,  with  900  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of 

Dublin,  in  common  socage.     23  July,  8th  [16 10].     See  inquisitions  of  Ulster ^  Donegal,  (4)  Car.  I. 

2.  Grant  to  Sir  Walter  Steufart^  Knight^  laird  of  Minto  (147).  The  small  proportion  of 
Corckagkf  containing  the  lands  of  Gortmore,  one  quarter ;  Tallibogilly,  '/^  quarter ;  Labanedishe,  one 
quarter;  Carrickbodoohy,  '/s  quarter  next  Labanedishe ;  Rousky  and  Lisclamedy,  2  quarters ;  Corc- 
hgh,  one  quarter ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.     The  third  part  of  the  quarter  of  Carrickbodoohy.,  containing 


(144)-  Portlough, — ^This  precinct  formed  one  section  of 
tbbironv  of  Raphoe,  the  precinct  of  the  LifTer  already 
noticedf  tonning  the  other.  As  stated  previously,  the 
Ivraial  maps  relating  to  the  counties  of  Coleraine  and 
l^gal  have  not  yet  been  discovered. 

{i4S).  Lennox, — The  Duke  of  Lennox  belonged  to  that 

pat  branch  of  the  Stewart  family  which  supplied  the 

wons  oi  Damley  and  earls  and  dukes  of  Lennox  in  Scot- 

I'od;  and  also,  die  earls  of  March,  the  earls  and  dukes 

<>f  Ridmond,   and  the  Earl  of  Litchfield  in  England. 

This  nndertaker  of  lands  in  Donegal  was  Ludovic  Stuart, 

the  second  Duke  of  Lennox,  who  was  bom  in  1574  ;  and 

Mig  his  life — which  ended  in  1624 — had  filled  several 

2^  offices.     He  had  been   'great   chamberlain,'  high 

ipoinl  and  ambassador  of  James  VI.  of   Scotland  to 

'Jeory  IV.  of  France.     He  was  one  of  those  who  accom- 

P^JWl  the  King  to  London  in  1603,  and  was  thereupon 

^*stitttted  master  of  the  royal  household,  and  first  gentle- 

^  of  the  bedchamber.     In  1607,  he  was  appointed  com- 

psioner  to  the  Parliament,  being  afterwards  created  Earl  of 

Newcastle  and  Duke  of  Richmond.  Although  thrice  married, 

w  left  DO  male  heir,  so  that  whilst  his  English  honours 

fcame  extinct  at  Ws  death,  the  family  estates  devolved 

VpoD  his  brother,  who  was  known  as  Esme  Stuart,  Lord 

•Auiipiy^ — a  title  which  had  been  introduced  into  the 

haSbf  by  John  Stuart,   son  of  the  third  Earl  of  Lennox, 

9D  styled  in  right  of  his  wife,  the  daughter  of  a  French 

aoUeman  named  De  la  Verrey,  lord  of  Aubigny.      The 

Boke  of  Lennox  took  out  his  patent  among  the  first  of  the 

undertaken  in  this  precinct. 

(146).  Magevelin. — This  residence  was  occupied  in  1608 


by  Inneen-duv  Macdonnell,  mother  of  the  Earl  of  Tyr- 
connell,  who  appears  to  have  been  then  expelled  from  it 
by  her  son-in-law,  Sir  Niall  Garve  O'Donnell. 

(147).  Minto, — This  undertaker's  hold  upon  his  native 
estates  in  the  Scottish  barony  (now  parish)  of  Minto,  had 
become  loose  and  uncertain  at  the  time  of  his  thus  specu- 
lating on  lands  in  Ulster.  The  Stewarts  of  Minto,  and 
their  kinsmen,  the  Tumbulls,  had  disputed  during  many 
generations  about  tire  right  to  their  family  estates  there  ; 
and  probably  Sir  Walter  Stewart  wished  to  escape  alto- 
gether from  these  broils.  His  native  parish  lies  partly  in  a 
level  tract  along  the  river  Teviot,  the  remainder  consisting 
of  high  and  undulating  ground  which  is  traversed  from  east 
to  west  by  a  ridge  of  hills,  culminating  in  Minto  Craigs^ 
a  wooded  eminence,  and  Minto  Hills,  two  smooth,  green, 
rounded  elevations,  overlooking  the  valley  of  the  Teviot 
— the  Craigs  being  721  feet,  and  the  hills  877  above  the 
sea-level.  In  1390,  John  TumbuU  of  Mjmtow  granted  to 
his  nephew,  Sir  William  Stewart  of  Jed  worth  *the  whole 
lordship  and  lands  of  Myntow,  to  be  held  in  chief  of  the 
King  and  his  heirs,  in  free  barony.  From  the  date  of  that 
arrangement,  the  feud  between  the  two  families  of  Stewart 
and  Tumbull  appears  to  have  commenced — now  the  one 
prevailing,  and  anon  the  other.  Thomas  Stewart  seems 
to  have  been  dominant  in  Minto  from  1479  to  1490 ; 
Robert  Stewart  in  1526  ;  Matthew  Stewart  in  1 581  ;  and 
this  Walter  Stewart,  at  the  commencement  of  the  seven- 
teenth century.  From  1530  to  16 16,  the  Tumbulls  also 
appear  prominently  in  record,  their  representatives  being 
William,  John,  Thomas,  and  Hector  Tumbull.  See 
Origines  Parochiales  Scotia^  vol.  i.,  pp.  321-323. 


294 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


60  acres,  is  excepted  from  this  grant.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Corclcagh^ 
with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  5/.  6s.  Sd,  English.  To  hold  forever^ 
as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     20  July,  8th  [1610]. 

3.  Grant  to  Akxamier  McAula  (148)  of  Durlin,  gent.     The  small  proportion  of  Bailyweagh^  (^ 
Baifyneagh,  containing  Mullanehelosk,  one  quarter ;  Boylelawny,  one  quarter ;   Ballyveagh,  ocj 
quarter ;  Ixvallymore,  one  quarter ;  Ballivegly,  2  (quarters ;  and  "/s  oi  the  quarter  of  KougfadUi^ 
next  to  Ballyvegly  ;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  with  free  fishing  in  Loughswilly.     Three  out  of  eight  paiSF 
of  the  quarter  of  Negracky,  containing  60  acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grant     The  premises  are 
created  the  manor  of  Ballyreagh,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.      Rent,  5/.  dx.  li 
Irish.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     16  July,  8th  [16 10]. 

4.  Grant  to  yb////  Cuningham  (149),  of  Crafield  or  Crawfield.  The  small  proportion  oi  Donkj^ 
containing  the  lands  of  Donboy,  one  quarter ;  Monegragan,  one  quarter ;  Ardry,  one  quarter; 
Moyle,  one  quarter  ;  Moyfadda,  one  quarter  ;  Plaister,  one  quarter ;  and  five-sixteenth  parts  of  the 
quarter  of  Roughan,  next  Monegragan  quarter  ;  in  all,  r,ooo  acres,  with  free  fishing  in  LoughswiDf. 
A  parcel  of  land  called  f  ^vallybeg,  otherwise  Ballivinbeg,  containing  60  acres,  are  excepted  froa 
this  grant  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Donboy,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  t 
court  baron.  Rent,  5/.  6s,  Sd,  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  conunon  socagt 
16  July,  8th  [16 10]. 

5.  Grant  to  William  Stewart,  laird  of  Dundufr(i5o).  The  small  proportion  of  Cooki^i 
containing  Drombarnagh,  one  quarter ;  Killbarry,  one  quarter ;  Moynjrmore,  one  quarter; 
Dromallis,  V3  of  a  quarter ;  Menclout,  one  quarter ;  Dromoghell,  one  quarter ;  Moydoohj,  (ne 
quarter;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  Cooleaghy,  7,  quarter,  containing  60  acres,  is  excepted  fromdi 
grant  Rent,  5/.  6s.  od.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Cooleaghy,  with  300  acres  is 
demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage. 
29  August,  8th  [16 10]. 

6.  Grant  to  James   CunyngJiamy  laird  of  Glangamocke  (151).      The  small  propoitioo  of 


(148).  McAttla. — This  undertaker  probably  came  from 
Dumbartonshire.  He  sold  his  proportion  to  an  Alexander 
Stewart.  The  earls  and  marquises  of  Londonderry  descend 
from  the  latter,  their  pedi^ce  explaining  the  family  descent 
by  the  introduction  of  a  laird  of  Minto  as  their  ancestor. 
That  pedigree,  as  given  in  Burke's  Peerage,  and  as  most 
probably  supplied  oy  some  member  of  the  family,  states 
that  they  **  claim  a  common  ancestor  with  the  Earls  of 
Galloway  ;  namely,  Sir  William  Stewart  of  Garlics,  from 
whose  second  son,  Sir  Thomas  Stewart  of  Minto,  de- 
scended John  Stewart  of  Ballylawn  Castle,  the  first  of  the 
family  settled  in  Ireland."  But  this  John  was  not  the 
first  settler,  for  his  father,  Alexander,  bought  the  patent 
from  Alexander  McAula. 

(149).  John  Cuningham. — This  was  the  last  represen- 
tative of  the  Glcngamock  Cuninghams  in  Scotland,  his 
father  Sir  James,  and  this  son  John,  having  both  settled 
in  Donegsd.  The  family  residence  of  Glengamock  was 
situated  m  the  parii^  of  Kilbimie,  Ayrshire,  but  this  John 
Coningham's  estate  of  Crawfield,  or  Crafield,  lay  in  the 


parish  of  Beith,  also  in  the  county  of  Ayr.  AAcr 
to  Doneeal,  he  held  Crawfield  until  the  year  i6tt  vk^ 
it  was  sold  to  Gabriel  Porterfield  of  Ilapland,  intbepfl^ 
of  Dunlop,  and  Jean  Maxwell,  his  spouse.  The  dMi* 
sale  was  dated  at  Castle-Cuninghame,  which  stood  mAi 
proportion  of  Donboy,  in  the  barony  of  Rapbob  Set 
Paterson*s  Familits  of  Ayrshire^  toL  li.,  p.  Ija 

(150).  Z^MiK/ar^  ~  William  Stewart   came  froB  iki 
parish  of  Maybole,  in  Ayrshire.    The  fiunily  to  «Uk 
belonged  were  sometimes  called  Dunduff  and  toMlii' 
Stewart.     Although  styled  a  laiid,  he  waspobipfti' 
more  than  able  to  gather  up  as  much  means  m 
him  to  settle  on  his  proportioo  in  DonqnL 
estate  of  Dunduff  was  sola  to  a  fiunily  of  toe 
See  Paterson's  Familia  of  A^kin^  voL  iL,  p. 

(151).  GUmgamocke,  —This  undertaker,  wboM 
stances  had  b^me  desperate  in  his  own  land*  w  Al 
eighteenth  in  descent  nom  Sir  Edward  Coai^jhiBtf 
Kilmaurs  and  Mazy,  a  daughter  of  the  Hi|^  Siewai  tf 
Scotland,  living  at  the  dote  of  the  13th  " 


GRANTS    AND    GRANTEES. 


295 


e,  containing  Sessiogh-Hugh-Boy,  Dacostrose,  Attachery,  Tubberslane,  TuUagroone, 
each  one  quarter ;  and  Vs  of  Bohehy  quarter,  next  to  Gorteleny  quarter ;  in  all,  1,000  acres, 
mall  proportion  of  Portelogh^  containing  the  lands  of  Dromlogheran,  Corcamon,  Gortlost, 

Leytrim,  Moyglasse,  each  one  quarter ;  and  '/g  of  the  quarter  of  Tullyamcon,  next 
;  in  all,  1,000  acres.     One  third  part  of  the  quarter  of  Bohehy,  containing  60  acres,  and 

said  quarter  of  Bohehy,  containing  60  acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grant.  Both 
>  are  created  the  manor  of  Dacostroose  and  Portelogh,  with  600  acres  in  demesne,  and 
uron.  Rent,  10/.  13J.  4//.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in 
)cage.     20  July  8th  [16 10]. 

int  to  Cuthbert  Cuningham  (152).  The  small  proportion  of  Cooletff Itrien^  containing 
n,  Dromay,  Rousky,  Dromoylan,  Gortrie,  one  quarter  each  ;  two  '/g  parts  of  the  quarter 
Dn,  next  to  Dromay;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  with  free  fishing  in  Loughswilly.  Three  out 
arts  of  Tullyannon  quarter,  containing  60  acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grant.  The 
•e  created  the  manor  of  Coolem*=Itrien,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron. 
Sj.  %d.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage, 
ber,  8th  [16 10]. 

int  \,o  James  Cuningham  (153),  Esq.  The  small  proportion  of  Moiagh  al*  Ballyaghan, 
Moiagh,  one  quarter  ;  Dryan,  one  quarter  ;  Magherybegg,  one  quarter ;  Magherymore, 
: ;  Tryan-Carrickmore,  one  quarter ;  two  parts  of  the  quarter  of  Eredy,  next  adjoining 
ters  of  Grackye  and  Tryan-Carrickmore  ;  and  Yg  parts  of  the  quarter  of  Grackye ;  in  all, 
,.  A  parcel  containing  60  acres,  is  excepted  from  this  grant.  Rent,  5/.  6s,  Sd,  English. 
>es  created  the  manor  of  Moiagh,  with  300  acres  in  demense,  and  a  court  baron.  To 
:r,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     19  July,  8th  [16 10.] 

mt  to  John  Stewart  (154),  Esq.     The  small  proportion  oi  Listnolmoghan, 


ngham  was  compelled  to  assign  his  lands  of 
to  his  creditors  in  1609,  his  Scottish  friends 
It  he  had  got  i2,ocx)  acres  in  Ireland.  He 
cult  enough  to  manage  the  2,ocx)  acres  he 
ned.  The  rental  of  Sir  James's  barony  of 
several  years  after  its  sale  by  his  creditors, 
rent,  ^£"2,480  ;  52  bolls  of  meal  ;  14  bolls  of 
en  and  a  half  of  capons,  with  work  sufficient 
nts  to  plough,  harrow,  weed,  shear,  draw  in 
;  acres  of  grain.  On  this  estate  there  were 
se  Paterson  s  Families  of  Ayrshire^  vol.  ii., 

Albert  Cuningham. — Also  one  of  the  Glen- 
ly,  but  whether  a  brother  or  cousin  of  Sir 
;;ham,  we  have  not  discovered. 
\es  Cuningham.  —  Uncle  of  Sir  James  of 
;  both  of  whom,  as  we  shall  afterwards  find, 
into  conflict  with  Sir  Ralph  Bingley  on  the 
rtain  parcels  of  land  claimed  by  the  latter, 
veyed  to  the  Cuninghams  by  their  patent 
wn.     James  Cuningham  was  knov^Ti  as  of 


Fffwmilnt  in  Scotland,  and  was  amongst  the  first  patentees 
for  lands  in  this  precinct  of  Portlough. 

(154).  John  Stewart. — This  undertaker's  proportion  is 
not  recorded  in  the  printed  Patent  Rolls  of  the  reign  of 
James  I.,  nor  is  it  even  incidentally  mentioned,  so  rar  as 
we  can  find,  in_the  printed  Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  It  was 
well  known  to  Pynnar,  however,  some  years  afterwards, 
and  he  refers  to  it  in  his  *  Survey*  by  the  name  of  Us* 
molmoghan.  It  lay  adjoining  the  lands  of  the  Duke  of 
Lennox,  and  its  owner — ^John  Stewart — became  agent  to 
the  latter  for  the  management  of  his  property  m  that 
district  of  Donegal.  Amongst  so  many  Stewarts  as  were 
then  afloat,  it  would  be  difficult  to  discover  the  particular 
family  to  which  this  gentleman  belonged.  It  is  more  than 
probable,  however,  that  he  was  some  kinsman  of  the 
Duke  of  Lennox,  for  the  connexions  of  that  branch  were 
very  numerous — their  name  literally  *  I^OQ.'  This  John 
Stewart  was  afterwards  knighted,  and  appears  to  have 
got  a  lease  firom  Lennox  of  the  three  small  proportions 
belonging  to  the  latter.  He  got  into  trouble,  as  we  shall 
see,  at  the  commencement  of  the  following  reign. 


296 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


IV.  The  Precinct  of  Boylagh  (155),  county  of  Donegal. 

1.  Grant  to  Sir  Robert  MackUUan  (156),  laird  of  Bomby.      The  great  proportion  called  the 
Rossis,  containing  the   undernamed   lands,   viz.,  Carrowschercas,   Carrowneforrioghe,    Moylagh, 
Toberkeyn,  Donedee,  Narlowehannegapell,  Carrownecrutz,  Eightermoye,  Cashell,  Cameboyey  and 
Roskatt,  one  quarter  each ;  7,6  of  the  quarter  called  Magherientermon ;  the  island  of  Arran,  2 
quarters  ;  Eniskirragh,  7j  oi  a  (quarter ;  the  island  of  Inish  M*=Isdome,  one  quarter ;  the  island  of 
Isinshally,  Vs  o^  ^  quarter ;  the  island  of  Inishfrye,  7s  oi  a  quarter :  the  island  of  Inishrouge,  7,  of 
a  quarter;  the  island  of  Inishineule,  75  of  a  quarter;  the  island  of  Inishgolagh,  7$  of  a  quaiter; 
the  island  of  Inish^ye,  V's  of  a  quarter ;  the  island  of  Inishean,  75  o^  a  quarter ;  the  island  of 
Inishturen,  7i3  of  a  quarter ;  and  all  the  other  islands  within  the  sea  (157),  being  parcel  of  the  said 
townes,  or  of  any  of  them  ;  in  all,  2,000  acres.     From  this  grant  are  excepted  "/^  parts,  and  a '/, 
of  the  quarter  of  Loughfadda,  containing  1 20  acres,  for  glebe  land.    The  premises  erected  into  the 
manor  of  the  Rosses,  \vith  600  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.     Rent,  10/.  13X.  ^  EngKsh. 
To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     19  September,  8th  [16 10].     See 
Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Donegal,  (9)  Jac.  I.,  and  (32)  Car.  I. 

2.  Grant  to  George  Murrayc  (158),  laird  of  Broughton.     The  middle  proportion  of  Bajk^ 


(155).  Boylagh, — This  precinct  is  comprised  in  the 
present  barony  of  Boylagh,  which  is  bounded  on  the 
north  and  west  by  the  Atlantic  ;  on  the  north-east  by  the 
Guidore  river,  which  separates  it  from  Kilmacrenan  ;  on 
the  east  bv  Kaphoe  ;  and  on  the  south  by  Bannagh.  It 
includes  the  district  of  the  Rosses,  and  twelve  inhabited 
islands  off  the  coast.  Although  it  has  an  area  of  158,480 
acres,  it  was  all  occupied,  excepting  comparatively  small 
parcels  of  church  lands,  by  eight  undertakers,  who  were 
supix)sed  to  have  had  only  io,ocx)  acres  of  arable  land 
distributed  among  them  all! 

(156).  AfackUllan, — The  Maclellans  were  anciently 
sheriffs  of  Galloway  and  barons  of  Bombie,  which  they 
forfeited  by  raiding  unwarrantably  and  without  authority 
on  the  lands  of  Douglas  in  Galloway.  They  subsequently 
recovered  the  barony,  and  this  Sir  Robert,  the  undertaker, 
was  the  seventh  baron  of  Bombie.  He  soon  became  well 
known  in  Ulster,  not  so  much,  however,  because  of  his 
being  an  undertaker  in  the  remote  barony  of  Boylagh,  as 
from  the  circumstance  of  his  becoming  son-in-law  of  the 
first  Viscount  Ards,  and  obtaining  valuable  lands  in  the 
county  of  Down  as  his  wife's  dowry.  Referring  to  this 
alliance,  the  writer  of  the  Montgonury  Manuscripts  states 
(pp.  88,  89,  new  edition),  that  "Sir  Hugh  [Montgomery] 
married  his  eldest  daughter  to  Sir  Robert  McCIellan, 
baron  of  Kircourbrv  [Kircudbright],  who,  with  her,  had 
four  great  town  lands  near  Lisnegarvey  [Lisbum],  whereof 
she  was  possessed  in  December,  1622.  Sir  Hugh  and 
his  Lady,  also,  had  likewise  given  him  a  considerable  sum 
of  money  as  an  augmentation  to  the  marriage  portion  ;  but 
the  said  Sir  Robert  spent  the  money  and  sold  the  lands 
after  her  Ladyship's  death,  and  he  died  not  long  afler 
her,  but  without  issue." 

(157).  Within  tht  sea. — There  is  a  very  large  number 
of  islands  belonging  to  the  barony  of  Boylagh,  of  which 
more  than  one  hundred  have  been  considered  worthy  of 


survey. 

(158).  Murraye, — This  undertaker  (whose 
was  Alexander  Dunbar  of  Egimes),  came  Irom  the  pnl 
of  Whithorn,  in  Wigtonshii^.  The  Murrajrs  of  this  bnack 
are  believed  to  have  moved  from  Morayshire  into  GilloMf 
so  early  as  the  twelfth  century  ;  but  they  onlj  boM  H 
make  themselves  known  in  die  district  last  nameoiibM 
the  beginning  of  the  fifteenth  centuiy — a  period  wben  ^ 
ancestors  of  several  other  leading  famihes  anivel  wA 
obtained  settlements  there.  From  that  date,  hovcio* 
the  Murrays  were  owners  of  the  property  knova  ti 
Broughton,  of  which  this  George  Murray  wasinpaMi- 
sion  at  the  commencement  of  the  seventeenth  oeitaT- 
He  was  in  favour  with  James  I.,  and  became  one  of  ihr 
gentlemen  of  the  Bedchamber.  His  estate  of  Bnii|hM% 
or  Bruchtoun,  must  have  been  then  mortgaged  to  hc*«4f 
as  to  render  it  valueless  to  the  nominal  owner.  In  Octtta 
1603,  there  is  a  warrant  to  deliver  to  Gewct  imljota 
Murray  (brothers),  grooms  of  the  Bedchamber,  Mi  fv 
winter  apparel.  In  January,  1 603-4,  there  is  a  wanat  M 
deliver  to  them  their  yearly  li\*eries.  In  the  foU^i^ 
March,  another  warrant  to  pay  them  annuitiei  of  SOb 
each.  And  in  May,  1605,  warrant  lor  a  lease  of  ^Djtfi 
to  John  Murray,  of  the  lands  called  Plumpton  Fiilc*  M 
Park  Head,  &c  ;  and  for  a  lease  in  revemon  of  the  ■■■ 
to  George  Murrav,  with  an  annuity  of  lOO/.  per  wm^ 
upon  the  reserved  rents  of  the  Debateable  LiimIl  |Stt 
CaUndar  of  State  Papers,  Domestic  Serie^  JaMI  U 
1603-10,  pp.  47,  64,  88,  219).  BromshtOQ  apfttl| 
have  been  redeemed  by  another  member  of  the  ffltl 
after  Geoi^e  Murray  had  taken  up  his  abode  aaii  oi 
wilds  of  Donegal.  The  lands  belonffing  to  the  cNfto  rf 
Broughton  lie  in  the  parishes  of  Wbithom  and  SciUi^ 
and  include  among  others,  those  known  as  SI 
Outon,  and  Chapel  OqUml  See  Fatefaoo's 
their  Owners  in  CroUcway,  pp.  476-9. 


\ 


k 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


297 


ye^hira^  including  the  under-written  lands,  viz.,  Lackaghe,  Cnisquyn,  Farhyn,  Magherikill, 
Cashellgailan,  Irishton,  Mace,  Shraghcashell,  Gortnesilloe,  Kancreny,  and  LiUerille,  one  quarter 
^ch;  ten  parts  of  the  quarter  called  Lough fadda,  in  32  parts  divided,  lying  next  to  the  quarter  of 
Farhyn  ;  and  7<  quarter  called  Shaunaghe  ;  in  all,  1,500  acres,  with  free  fishing  in  the  creeks,  bays, 
&c,  of  Ginbarrogh  and  Loughbarry.  From  this  grant  are  excepted  "/30  parts  and  '/,  of  the  half 
of  the  quarter  of  Loughfadda,  containing  90  acres,  for  glebe.  The  premises  created  into  the 
numor  of  Boylaghyeightragh,  with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  8/.  English. 
To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.  12  July,  8th  [16 10].  See 
Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Don^al,  (9)  Jac  I.,  and  (32)  Car.  I. 

3.  Grant  to   WiUiam  Stewart  (159),  Esq,      The  middle  proportion  called  Downecontwllyy 

which  included  the  lands  of  Cashell,  one  quarter;  Dromnekill,  one  quarter;    Dromhugh,  one 

quarter ;    Ballycroye,  V4  of  a  quarter ;  Mullaghnocke,  one  quarter ,    Donconallye,  one  quarter ; 

Ai^an,  one  quarter ;  'Ya-  parts  of  the  quarter  called  Camemore,  lying  next  to  the  quarter  called 

Ardkill ;  Tullagh,  one  quarter ;  Ardkill,  one  quarter ;  Ballybyn,  one  quarter ;  Knocknegan,  one 

quarter ;  and  Ya  parts  of  the  quarter  called  TedoUicke,  lying  next  the  quarter  of  Cashell  aforesaid  ; 

m  all,    1,500  acres.      From  this  grant  are  excepted   '"/j,  parts  of  the   quarter  of  Carnemore, 

containing  90  acres,  as  glebe  lands.     The  premises  are  erected  into  the  manor  of  Downeconnolly, 

with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.     Rent,  8/.  English.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the 

castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     23  July,  8th  [1610].     Ibid, 

4.  Grant  to  Sir  Patrick  MacKce  (160)  of  Laerg,  Knt,  The  small  proportion  of  CargiCy 
containing  the  lands  of  Tawnytallon,  one  quarter ;  Cargie,  one  quarter ;  Dromaccullyn,  one 
^parter ;  Cashellvogherye,  one  quarter ;  Yg  of  the  quarter  of  Teedolicke,  next  quarter  of  Cashell- 
^'ogwye ;  one  parcel  called  Rankall,  one  and  Y5  quarter ;  Dropiroe,  one  quarter ;  '/a  o^  the  quarter 
**1W  Dromconnor,  lying  next  to  the  quarter  of  DrummacuUyn  aforesaid ;  and  ''/j,  parts  of  the 
^narter  called  Dromore,  lying  next  to  the  quarter  of  Tawnytallon  ;  in  all,  i  ,000  acres.  From  this 
P*flt  are  excepted  'Ysa  parts  of  the  quarter  of  Dromore,  containing  60  acres.  The  premises  are 
^^«ited  the  manor  of  Cargie,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  5/.  6i.  8^.  Eng- 
^  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     24  July,  8th  [16 10].    Ibid. 


(159)*  William SUwart, — It  is  always  difficult  to  identify 

putjcolar  Stewart  amidst  such  a  crowd  of  servitors, bear- 

\  tiiis  samame,  as  present  themselves  to  our  view  in  the 

tc  Papers.     There  were  not  fewer  than  four  William 

varts  employed  at  this  period  in  the  Irish  service.    One 

ese  gentlemen,  Col.  \Vm.  Stewart,  writes  privately  to 

boiy,  in  May,   1603,  that  "the  King's  [James  the 

i]  disposition  is  excellent,  but  he  relies  too  much  on 

;  advises  Cecil  how   to  guide  him   in   this  new 

'^England]  to  which  he  is  come."     In  September, 

Col.    Stewart,   of  Eaglesay,  writes  to   Salisbury, 

nii^  of  the  contemptuous  conduct  of  the  constable 

%  in  Staffordshire,   "who  refused  to  honour  his 

's]  commission   for  post  horses  for  the   King's 

in   Ireland."      State   Paper s^    Domestic    Series, 

M    I 


1603-1610,  pp.  10,  544. 

(160).  MacKte  of  Laerg. — Larg,  in  the  parish  of  Minni- 
gaff,  was  long  known  as  the  estate  of  the  principal  family 
of  the  Mackies  or  McKies ;  but  although  Sir  Patrick  is 
here  styled  as  of  Larg,  the  property  had  passed  from  his 
hands.  Other  localities  were  also  occupied  by  branches  of 
this  once  numerous  and  influential  sept,  among  which 
may  be  mentioned  Mertoun-McKie,  now  Mertoun  Hall, 
in  the  parish  of  Penninghame ;  and  Whitehills,  in  the 
parish  of  Sorbie,  Wigton^ire.  Many  settlers  of  this  sur- 
name appear  to  have  come  to  Ulster  from  that  district, 
and  they  are  numerously  represented  throughout  several 
of  our  northern  counties  at  the  present  day.  See  Pater- 
son's  Galloway  Lands  and  their  Owners^  pp.  318,  462. 


298 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


5.  Grant  to  fames  McCuilock  (161),  gent.  The  small  proportion  of  MuUaghvia^  or  Mus 
containing  Carnewefadda,  one  quarter;  Killoweras,  one  quarter;  Mullaghwagh,  one  c 
Ballycannan,  one  quarter;  Drombohell,  one  quarter;  Ardtraghe,  one  quarter;  Dromiuu 
one  quarter ;  7,  quarter  of  Shammaghe ;  and  %  of  Comecarde ;  in  all,  1,000  acres. 
this  grant  is  excepted  the  7^  quarter  of  Comerarde,  containing  60  acres.  The  premi 
created  the  manor  of  Mullaghveagh,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron. 
5/.  6j.  Zd.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublm,  in  common  socage,  a 
8th  [16 10].     Ibid, 

6.  Grant  to  Alexander  Dunbar  (162),  gent.  The  small  proportion  of  KiUurhan^  in 
the  lands  of  Tawnaght,  one  quarter  ;  Kilkassey,  one  quarter  ;  Mackrose,  one  quarter ;  Kil 
one  quarter ;  Lagnasiltoge,  one  quarter ;  Fentragh,  one  quarter ;  Dramanoe,  one  quarter ; 
of  the  quarter  called  Maywhoho,  lying  next  the  quarter  of  Fentragh  ;  and  "Vj,  parts  of  the 
called  Dirrylaghan;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  From  this  grant  are  excepted  'Yj,  parts  of  the  qu; 
Derrylaghan,  containing  60  acres.     The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Kilkerhan,  ir 


(161).  McCuilock.  —  This  undertaker's  residence  in 
Scotland  was  Drummorell^  and  George  Murray  of 
Bruchton  or  Broughton  was  his  cautioner.  McCulloch 
was  one  of  a  family  well  known  and  highly  in- 
fluential at  an  early  period  in  Wigtonshire.  Their 
principal  place  of  residence  was  Myrtoun  or  Mer- 
toun,  in  tne  parish  of  Mochrum.  It  is  stated  that 
in  the  time  of  the  Crusaders,  a  Scottish  warrior 
carrying  on  his  shield  a  boar  \culach\  was  conspicuous 
for  his  daring  in  the  Holy  Land.  On  his  return,  the 
Scottish  king,  known  as  William  the  Lion,  in  acknow- 
ledgment of  his  prowess  and  valour,  g^nted  him  extensive 
lands,  among  which  was  Myrtoun  above-mentioned.  The 
grantee  took  as  his  patronymic  the  word  Culach,  and  his 
descendants  have  been  since  known  as  MacCullachs  or 
McCullochs.  The  family  originally  belonged  to  Argyle- 
shire,  and  moved  southward,  like  other  northern  famiUes, 
into  Galloway,  about  the  middle  of  the  thirteenth  century. 
A  Duncan  McCulloch  is  believed  to  have  been  the  founder 
of  the  Priory  of  Ardchattan,  in  Lome,  about  the  year  1230. 
Fordun  calls  him  Duncan  Alackowlo^  and  Spottiswoode 
states  that  "ane  Macolloch,  a  man  of  great  wealth, 
founded  the  priory  of  Ardchatte,  in  Lome."  The  first  of 
the  family  well  known  in  Galloway  was  Thomas  Macku- 
lach,  who  not  only  signed  Ragman's  Roll,  but  warmly 
supported  the  cause  of  the  English  usurper,  Edward  L  of 
England.  It  is  believed  that  Myrtoun  belonged  to  the 
family  in  1330.  This  James  McCulloch,  who  became  an 
undertaker  in  Ulster,  was  one  of  the  family  of  William 
McCulloch,  by  his  wife,  Elizabeth  Dunbar.  This  lady 
was  probably  daughter  of  Sir  John  Dunbar  of  Mochrum, 
her  mother  being  Elizabeth  Muir  of  Rowallan.  See 
Paterson's  Galloway  Lands  and  tknr  Owners,  pp.  235, 

239. 

(162).  Alexander  Dunbar, — A  kinsman,  either  uncle 

or  cousin-german  of  James  McCulloch  mentioned  in  the 

preceding  note.     The   Dunbars   are  early   noticed  as  a 

nmily  ofhigh  rank  in  Galloway.     They  are  supposed  to 

have  been  of  Saxon  origin,  and  to  have  derived  their  sur- 


name from  the  lands  and  castle  so  cmlled  in  Haii 
shire.  The  first  of  the  family  in  Scotland  isnnde 
have  been  a  fugitive  Earl  of  Northumbok 
sought  protection  in  the  court  of  Makolm 
whom  he  was  well  received,  and  who  granted 
lands  of  Dunbar.  After  Northumberland,  at 
seven  Saxon  kingdoms,  had  become  a  province^ 
were  not  hereditary,  but  only  ofiidal,  and  «i 
changed.  The  son  of  this  distinguished  Noiti 
refugee  was  promoted  to  a  Scottish  emridooi  a 
year  11 29,  and  there  succeeded  nine  earb  betw 
date  and  the  year  1368.  Waldeve,  the  fourth 
the  first  designated  Earl  of  Dunbar.  His  ton, 
who  succeeded  in  1 184,  married  Ada,  a  natiiiil 
of  William  the  Lion,  by  whom,  besides  hb  sooo 
had  a  daughter,  Ada,  towhomhegavethelancbc 
She  married  her  cousin,  William  Dunbar,  md  1 
marriaj^  came  the  earls  of  Hume.  Patrick, 
Earl  ofDunbar,  succeeded  in  123 1,  and  married  Ei 
daughter  of  Walter,  High  Steward  of  Scotln 
seventh  earl,  also  named  Patrick,  and  styled 
Dunbar  and  March,  married  Christian,  daughter  < 
the  Bruce.  Their  son,  Patrick,  the  eighth  earl,  i 
in  1289,  and  claimed  the  Scottish  throne  as  great  1 
of  Ada,  daughter  of  William  the  Lion,  lie  1 
daughter  of  the  house  of  Comyn  Earb  of  Bnduui 
son,  the  ninth  earl,  married  a  dai^ter  of  tib 
Moray.  These  powerful  earls  were  rivals  wort 
Douglases.  The  earldom  of  Dunbar  and  Mardi  w 
cated  by  James  I.  of  Scotland  in  1436.  Gcoi]^ 
brother  of  the  tenth  earl,  was  granted  Uie  lands  of 
in  Wigtonshire,  by  David  II.  in  1368,  and  from  that 
very  recently,  the  family  held  the  plropeity  now  oai 
Paterson's  Lands  of  GaUeway  and  ikdr  Owmen, 
276).  The  undertaker  of  lands  in  Ulster,  i 
Dunbar,  was  a  son  of  Sir  John,  who  died 
Alexander  resided  at  a  place  named  E^iimes  (i 
and  his  cautioner  was  George  Mnnmj  of  Br 
Broughton. 


GRANTS    AND    GRANTEES. 


299 


demesne,  and  a  court  baron.     Rent,  5/.  6s.  Sd  English.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle 
n,  in  common  socage.     19  September,  8th  [16 10].    /did. 

jrant  to  Patrick  Vans  (163)  of  Libragh,  gent.  The  small  proportion  of  Boylaghautra^ 
ig  the  lands  of  Ballyboyle,  and  2  islands  next  to  Ballyboyle,  one  quarter  \  Donan,  one 
Dromrouske,  one  quarter;  Dromboyart,  one  quarter;  Aghelaky,  one  quarter;  Lettermore, 
rter ;  Carroweloghert,  one  quarter ;  74  o^  ^'^  quarter  called  Dromconnor,  lying  next  the 
>f  Dromkenan ;  and  ''/^  parts  of  Dromkenan,  lying  next  the  quarter  of  Donan  aforesaid ; 
000  acres.  From  this  grant  are  excepted  'Vj^  parts  of  Dromkenay,  containing  60  acres, 
mises  are  created  the  manor  of  Boylaghoutra,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court 
Rent,  5/.  6^.  8^/.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage. 
St,  8th  [i6io].     Ibid, 

irant  to  Alexander  Coningham  (164)  of  Powton,  gent  The  small  proportion  called 
•»,  containing  the  lands  of  Cloghboye,  one  quarter ;  the  7,  quarter  of  Magherierogh ; 
/alley,  one  quarter ;  72  quarter  of  Drumurryn ;  Kilkashill,  one  quarter  ;  Maghermayle,  one 
Tyermoylin,  one  quarter;  Moygunma,  one  quarter;  "/aa  parts  of  the  quarter  of 
;un,  lying  next  to  the  quarter  of  Moygunma;  and  74  of  the  quarter  of  Cornecarde,  lying 
he  quarter  of  Moynargan  ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  From  this  grant  are  excepted  'Yj,  parts  of 
rter  of  Moynargan,  containing  60  acres.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of 
;an,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  5/.  6j.  %d.  English.  To  hold 
as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     29  August,  8th  [1610].     Ibid. 

V.   Precinct  of  Knockninny  (165),  county  of  Fermanagh. 


^atrick  Vans. — This  undertaker  came  from  the 
wirkinner,  in  Wigtonshire,  where  he  had  owned  a 
erty  known  as  Libragh,  or  Ly brack  (see  pp.  217, 
;  was  the  second  son  of  Sir  Patrick  Vans,  or 
Bambarroch,  in  the  same  parish,  and  his  wife 
Catherine  Kennedy,  daughter  of  Gilbert,  third 
assilis.     The  family  of  Vans,    Vaux,  or  Vatis^ 

De  Vallibus\  is  one  of  the  first  surnames  that 

England  after  the  Conquest.  Members  of  this 
led  in  Scotland  during  the  reigns  of  David  I. 
xessor  Malcolm,  who  succeeded  to  the  throne 

They  originally  settled  in  the  barony  of  Dir- 
t  Lothian.  The  first  of  the  family  in  Gallo- 
Alexander  Vaux,  appointed  bishop  there  in 
s  nephew,  Robert  Vaux,  obtained  a  grant  of 
;k  and  other  lands  from  an  Earl  of  Douglas,  in 
these  lands  were  held  by  his  representatives  of  this 
ntil  the  year  1809,  when  they  passed  by  mar- 

the  family  of  Vans  Agnew.  This  family  of 
y  be  said  to  be  the  only  one  in  Galloway  retain- 
ocuments  from  the  date  of  settlement,  in  such 
jrvation,  having  met  with  no  misfortunes,  and 
re  having  been  taken  in  the  keeping  of  them, 
able  number  of  very  interesting  letters  are  in  the 
"      See  Patcrson's  Galloway  Lands  and  their 

p.  359-384- 

"oningham. — This   undertaker  came   from   the 

Sorbie,   in  Wigtonshire,    but   to   what  branch 


of  the  then  great  and  numerous  race  bearing  this  sur- 
name he  belonged,  we  know  not.  The  property  known 
as  PoltouHj  or  Powton^  which  he  is  mentioned  in  the 
above  grant  as  then  holding,  was  conveyed  in  a  charter 
given  by  King  Robert  Bruce  to  the  prior  of  Candida  Casa, 
or  Whithorn.  In  a  charter  granted  by  David  IL  to  Gilbert 
Kennedy,  the  lands  of  Powtoun  are  coupled  with  those 
of  Cruggleton  or  Carroltown,  and  are  believed  to  have 
once  formed  part  of  that  celebrated  estate.  The  Coning- 
hams,  however,  appear  to  have  held  lands  in  both  at  the 
commencement  of  the  seventeenth  century,  for  this  Alex. 
Coningham  is  mentioned  in  Scottish  records  as  owning 
Powtoun,  whilst  Agnes  Coningham  and  William  Coning- 
ham are  stated  to  have  sasines  of  the  adjoining  ten  merk 
lands  known  as  Cruggleton  or  Carroltown  Cavens.  (See 
Paterson's  Gallcrway  Lands  and  their  Owners^  pp.  411, 
449).  This  undertaker  also  had  Geo.  Murray  of  Bnichton 
as  his  cautioner. 

(165).  Knockninny. — See  p.  203.  This  barony  is 
bounded  on  the  north-west,  by  the  barony  of  Glenawley  ; 
on  the  north-east,  by  Upf>er  Lough  Erne  ;  and  on  the 
south-east  and  south-west,  by  the  county  of  Cavan.  Knock- 
ninny stretches  from  the  head  almost  to  the  foot  of  Upper 
Lough  Erne,  including  about  one-third  of  that  lake  and 
its  islands ;  and  generally  it  may  still  be  regarded  as  an 
expanse  of  lakes,  swamps,  meadows,  low-lying  fields,  with 
patches  of  demesne  lands,  and  a  liberal  supply  of  bogs. 
The  north-west  and  south-east   ends   are   bounded   re- 


300 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


1.  Grant  to  Michael  Balfoure  (i66)  Lord  Burley.     The  great  proportion  of  L^pam  (167),. 
containing  Mollolagha,  4  tates ;  Intramalta,  2  tates  ;  Rameaw,  4  tates ;  Came,  4  tates ;   MagalloOi^ 
4  tates ;  Macarrigio,  4  tates  ;  Drombrouchas,  4  tates ;  Legan,  4  tates ;  Carrodawre,  2  tates,  next  tc 
Dronibrochas  ;  the  islands  of  Inishlaght,  Inishlinne,  and  Inishgree,  '/>  tate  each,  all  in  Lougheni^ 
with   free  fishing  therein;    in  all,    2,000  acres,  together  with  the  presentation,  advowson,  ai^ 
patronage  of  the  vicarage  of  DromuUy.     Also,  the  small  proportion  of  Carrtnushetj  containing  tb^ 
lands  of  Ballinicaifer,  4  tates ;   Carrowshee,  4  tates ;   Castleskeagh,  4  tates ;   Coragh,  one  and    « 
tates ;  Corrodore,  2  '/a  tates;  the  island  of  Inishcorkish,  '/i  tate ;  the  island  of  Tranish,  "/» **^' 
the  island  of  Dirrinish,  '/^  tate,  all  in  Lougherne,  with  free  fishing  in  that  Lough ;    in  all,  1,000 
acres.     The  islands  of  Inishturke  and  Tranish,  and  the  '/,  quarter  of  Intramalta,  containing  in  all 
120  acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grant.     Total  rent,  16/.  English.     The  premises  are  created  die 
manor  of  Legan  and  Carrowshee,  with  900  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.     To  hold  fbrerer, 
as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     29  June,  8th  [i6io]. 

2.  Grant  to  MicJuul  Balfoure^  junr,^  commonly  called  the  laird  Mountwhany  (168).  The 
middle  proportion  oi  KUspitian  (169),  containing  the  lands  of  Tonedonan,  Aghelehard,  Letteigine, 
Kilspinan,  Gortclare,  Dromrian,  Dromgoole,  Dromsasserick,  Lisaghnenocke,  one  tate  fsi^\ 
Kilboy,  Dromgoolonagh,  Lehinch,  Comebraugh,  '/j  of  a  tate  each  ;  7.  of  Kilvecran  ;  Kildoooe^  */« 
of  a  tate ;  Killelehard,  Kilturke,  and  Killeard,  one  tate  each  ;  Port,  V^  of  a  tate ;  Derrybegg  and 
Crum,  one  tate ;  Derrym^Roe,  V^  of  a  tate ;  Aghedrom,  '/a  tate ;  Dromhate,  one  tate ;  Dinycoiboy, 
Bun,  Corlat,  Cornebrasse,  Dromcroo,  and  Dromkilly,  V,  of  a  tate  each ;  the  island  of  Gobcorato 
in  Loughearne,  one  tate ;  and  all  other  islands  there  belonging  to  the  said  lands,  except  those  of 


spectively  by  the  Cladagh  and  Woodford  rivers.  On  the 
baronial  map  of  1609,  this  precinct  appears  in  two  divi- 
sions,  one  much  larger  than  the  other,  and  both  repre- 
scnte<I  as  containing  large  quantities  of  wood  and  bog. 
The  compass  points  directly  north-west,  and  the  bound- 
aries, as  given  on  the  map,  are  nearly  the  reverse  of  what 
they  appear  on  correctly  drawn  maps.  This  map  of  Knock- 
ninny  in  1609  api>ears  to  have  been  hastily  got  up  in 
several  respects.  Some  townland  names  have  been  scored 
out  ;  the  colours  which  ought  to  have  distingubhed  the 
proportions  are  not  correctly  given  ;  whilst  only  three 
proportions,  of  the  six  in  the  precinct,  have  the  circular 
marks  intended  to  attract  the  eye,  and  thus  save  trouble  in 
finding  them.  The  larger  of  the  two  divisions  comprises 
the  ancient  Irish  territory  called  Coolenerer.  No  lands 
arc  marked  as  unap|)ropriated,  and  onlv  small  quantities 
as  belonging  to  the  cnurch.  Yet  the  whole  barony  con- 
sisting of  nearly  28,000  acres,  exclusive  of  water-surface, 
is  represented  on  the  map  as  occupied  by  six  proportions, 
although  the  undertakers  of  these  proportions  were  sup- 
posed to  have  no  more  than  9,000  acres  of  arable  land 
distributeil  amongst  them  all  ! 

(166).  Balfour  I j)rd  Burley, — Eldest  son  of  Sir  James 
Balfour  of  Pittendreich  and  Montquhanie,  in  Fife,  and 
Margaret  Balfour,  of  the  ancient  house  so  called  from  the 
barony  of  Balfour.  Sir  James  Bal four  had  been  a  prominent 
actor  during  the  troubled  reign  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  and 
aderwanls  at  the  commencement  of  her  son*s  reign.     His 


influence  had  the  effect  of  advandng  his  fiunily,  as  pfovei 
by  the  grants  conferred  on  this  undertdcer,  wlo  ■» 
known  as  Sir  Michael  Balfour  of  Burldgfa.  He  bad  M 
a  charter  of  the  lands  of  Nethertoim,  in  Banfihiie ;  wk 
secondly,  in  the  year  1606,  a  diarter  of  the  banoytf 
Burleigh.  At  that  date  he  was  ambassador  to  the  Dw 
of  Tuscany  and  Lorraine,  and  was  then  also  adfaaoedloik 
peerage  by  the  title  of  Lord  Balfour  of  Burki|h.  At  the 
time  of  receiving  these  honours,  he  was  styled  of  BdfjVW^ 
which  was  a  family  residence  in  the  pvish  of  Muii«Ji 
Fifeshire.  But,  notwithstanding  these  disthictioBii  At 
family  was  poor,  and  he  ¥ras  fiun  to  undertake  two  p^ 
portions  of  tne  escheated  lands  in  Ulster,  one  for  MaiA 
and  one  for  his  son.  These  Scottishmen,  &ther  lad  som 
were  among  the  first  to  take  out  patents. 

(167).  Legan, — This  proportion  is  repicsenled  «  Ac 
map  as  hemmed  in  by  mountains  on  one  side  and  Lai^ 
Erne  on  the  other.  It  had  also  a  plentiful  supply  of  «•■ 
and  bog. 

(168).  Mmntu^ny.—^on  of  Michael  BaMbur,  Urf 
Burleigh,  mentioned  in  the  preceding  note.  MoMli^ 
hanie,  whence  the  undertaker  derived  his  titles  is  in  ttt 
parish  of  Kilmany,  Fifeshire. 

(169).  Ayj^it.--These)andsocciipicdtheoenlalpift 
of  the  Irish  territoiy  known  as  Coolenerert  and  aie  1 
sented  on  the  mapas  including  within  theirbomdiMl 
than  four  lakes. 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


301 


eneber  and  Golooe,  with  free  fishing  therein  ;  in  all,  1,500  acre?.  Kilbecran,  '/,  a  tate,  and 
ibrochus,  one  tate,  assigned  for  glebe  land,  are  excepted  from  this  grant.  Rent,  8/.  EngHsh. 
premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Crum,  with  450  acres  in  demesne ;  power  to  create 
es,  and  hold  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage. 
nquisitions  of  Ulster^  Fermanagh,  (12)  Car.  I. 

5.  Grant  to  5/r  y<?^«  Wishart  (\*]6)^  Knight ^  laird  Pettaro.  The  middle  proportion  called 
^nuy  or  Z^//f7>«*( 1 71),  containing  the  lands  of  Killbricke,  one  tate;  Gort-camon,  one  tate  ; 
ieigheigh,  one  tate  ;  Mullaghenygowan,  one  tate ;  Edenehowrye,  '/a  o^  a-  tate  :  l^uigaboy,  '/s  of 
: ;  Enquillen,  '/j  of  a  tate ;  Drombrochios,  '/s  o^  21  tate ;  Aghenehinchbegg,  Y3  of  a  tate ; 
nehinchmore,  Ya  of  ^  ^te ;  Dromrallagh,  Kilrody,  LeginacafTrey,  Mulladuff,  Aghirouskiebegg, 
Vghirouskiemore,  "/s  of  ^  ^^te  each ;  Clonelty,  one  tate  ;  Latrym,  one  and  '/a  tate  ;  Kircorman, 
a  tate  ;  Clonky,  '/j  of  a  tate  ;  Lissnedorke,  7a  a  tate  ;  Mullanelecke,  one  tate  ;  Cloncorricke, 
ite ;  CloncuUiga,  one  tate ;  Mullyoarran,  one  tate  \  Dirriny,  one  tate ;  Dromanurchiere,  one 
the  island  of  Derrycharris,  in  Lougherne,  one  tate ;  the  island  of  Golooe,  one  tate  \  and  the 
I  of  Keneneber,  one  tate ;  in  all,  1,500  acres,  with  free  fishing  in  Lougherne.  From  this 
90  acres  for  glebe  are  excepted.  The  premises  are  created  into  the  manor  of  Leitrim  or 
m,  with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  8/.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of 
istle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.  25  June,  8th  [16 10].  See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^ 
anagh,  (11)  Car.  I. 

\.  Grant  to  Thomas  Monepeny  (172),  laird  of  Kinkell,  or  Kinalle.  The  small  proportion  of 
^ane  (i  73),  consisting  of  the  lands  Dromelly,  Tenmore,  Feugh,  [  ],  Corre,  Derrinagore, 

►mboy,  Aghovolenaboc,  Moulan,  and  Derredeny,  one  tate ;  Aghadisart,  Garvore,  Dromgerrake- 


).  Wishart. — This  undertaker,  like  nearly  every 
\{  his  class,  especially  from  Scotland,  had  left  his 
country  when  ne  could  not  conveniently  remain  ; 
ilike  most  other  Scotchmen  in  Ulster,  this  Fife- 
lird  appears  to  have  been  involved  in  new  difHcul- 
m  on  this  side  the  North  Channel.  In  a  Memoir 
its  Spottiswoode,  Bishop  of  Cloghcr,  there  is  the 
ng  reference  to  Wishart,  several  years  after  his 
\  to  Fermanagh: — "In  this  mean  time,  there  was 
:  John  Wishard,  sometime  Lord  Pittaro,  in  Scot- 
/ho,  having  consumed  his  estate  there,  begged  some 
:ed  lands  m  the  county  of  Fermanagh,  and  was 
«d  of  24  towns  or  tates  of  the  Bishop  of  Clogher's 
next  adjacent  to  the  tcmporall  lands  [as  above 
1  by  the  Crown],  for  which  he  was  to  pay  the 
361b.  per  annum.  The  Bishop  of  Clogher  sends  to 
my  times  for  his  rent  ;  but  he  did  not  only  deferre 
it,  but  returned  the  bishop's  messenger  with  a  dis- 
and  uncivill  lettre.  The  bishop's  servants  comeing 
knowledge  of  the  contents  of  this  lettre,  desired  the 
to  give  them  leave,  and  they  would  take  and  distrcsse 
rent ;  soe  by  his  direction,  they  went  to  his  dwelling- 
t  Clantiverin,  and  brought  away  16  poore  beasts, 
nd  heyfars,  prised  at  nine  pounds  six.  Sir  John 
lis  in  great  snuffe,  and  by  Balfour's  advice  tooke  out 


from  the  sheriff  of  the  county  a  writt  of  replevin,  to  fetch 
back  the  goods  upon  security.  There  was  no  formality  kept 
in  takeing  out  the  writ,  nor  in  the  execution  thereof,  and 
Sir  John  Wishard  scomd  to  redeem  his  goods  ;  the 
bishop's  bailiff,  therefore,  sold  the  cattle.'  See  The 
Spottiswoode  Miscellany^  vol.  i.,  pp.  no,  ill).  Wishart 
took  out  his  patent  among  the  earliest  undertakers. 

(171).  Leitrim.  — The  name  of  this  proportion  is  written 
Latrim  on  the  map,  which  represents  Wishart's  lands 
granted  by  the  Crown  as  full  of  bogs,  woods,  and  lakes ; 
the  church  lands  adjoining,  as  let  to  him  by  the  Bishop  of 
Clogher,  are  shown  on  the  map  as  free  fom  all  enciunberii^ 
causes  now  named,  and  represented  as  containing  a  church 
with  a  tower,  in  a  townland  or  tate  called  Gortacurra. 

(172).  Monepeny. — This  undertaker  was  also  a  Fife- 
shire  laird,  who  came  from  the  vicinity  of  St.  Andrews, 
but  the  lands  of  Kinkell  now  know  his  race  and  name  no 
more.  Persons  bearing  his  rather  remarkable  surname 
are  found  in  several  districts  of  Ulster,  although  he  did 
not  hold  his  lands  in  Fermanagh  more  than  a  Tew  years. 
Moneypenny  promptly  took  out  his  patent  in  16 la 

(173).  Ahaglane. — These  lands,  like  the  others  in  the 
precinct  of  Knockninny,  and  particularly  in  the  old 
territory  of  Coolenerer,  were  literally  covered  with  woods, 
lakes,  and  bogs. 


302 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


begg,  Knicklagh,  Coronene,  Corg  [  ]  aghe,  Derrenteine,  Derarke  and  Greagheeiit  one  Ute ; 

Gatnedon,    Leglaghnedernagh,  and   Corregreagh,   one  tate;    Corgelouse,    MuUodnefren,   Knoc, 
Partense,  Enestallom,  and  Glance,   one  tate;  the  lands  called  Aghalanamooce,   Aghalanebegg, 
Kylleknawe,  Kylleclaghan,  Correlane,    Correlane,   and  Tonimore,    one   tate ;  Kylleknockmore^  ^ 
Kylleknockbegg,  Kyllemoore,  [  ],  and  Gartarde,  one  tate ;  Feugh,  Kinrushy  Drometa, 

Dromhelster,  one  tate ;  Molonecough,  Derregrany,  Corlatt,  Fermoyle,  and  Tonaghmore,  one  tate 
Gorgorgon,    one    quarter ;     Corterry,    Sroc,    Knockellrestan,    and    Knocksmodoge,    one  tate 
Klanteknose,      MuUainshogga,      Drumconna,      Dromdenickmore,     Erden,     Clonebracky 
Golcomuckean,  one  tate  ;    Dorrivore,  Corelhin,  Correvarran,  Mullaghoise,  Mullenehar,  Tci 
Leighwollaghe,    and    Derrecorrian,    one    tate ;    Cackeneis,   Corrahoise,   Towralte,    ComighacV* 
Strongallattie,    Mullaghsallagh,    Knockegarran,    and   Aghamore,   one  tate ;    the  quarter  call^ 
Derrykennan,   containing  the    several   denominations  of    Denykennan,   Gubbuckieere,  Relagi^ 
Cornowel,  Comakill,  and  the  islands  of  Conny-Goiglam  and  Derrycree,  one  tate;  Drombony, 
Drombampony,   Knockrenan,   Bingarrowd,    Kyllmeane,   Keynoutra,   Feughnuhi,   Fermoyle,  and 
Oclanamwihi,  one  tate ;  Dromloughte,  one  tate  ;  in  all,  i,ooo  acres.     For  glebe  60  acres  txcepbtd 
from  this  grant.     The  premises  created  the  manor  of  Ahaglane,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a 
court  baron.      Rent,  5/.  6s.  Sd.      To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  soqge. 
15  October,  8th  [16 10].     See  Itiquisitions  of  Ulster^  Fermanagh,  (9)  Car.  I. 

5.  Grant  to  James  TrayU  (174),  Esq,  The  small  proportion  of  DresUman  (175),  containuf 
the  lands  of  Callaghill,  4  tates;  Foyeglas,  4  tates;  Dresteman,  4  tates ;  Carrowdorelly  2  Utes; 
Dromlaghes,  one  tate;  the  island  of  Trassian,  one  tate  ;  and  the  island  of  Blanishe,  '/^  tate;  inaD, 
1,000  acres,  with  free  fishing  in  Lougheme.  Sixty  acres  excepted  from  this  grant  for  ^ebe  land. 
The  premises  created  the  manor  of  Dresteman,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron 
Rent,  5/.  65.  8^.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage* 
8th  [1610].     See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Fermanagh,  (13)  Car.  I. 

6.  Grant  to  George  Smelhome  (176).     The  small  proportion  of  Dirriany  (177),  containing  the 

(174).  James  TrayU, — We  have  not  been  able  to 
ascertain  the  native  place  of  this  undertaker,  but  he 
probably  came  from  Fifeshirc.  He  held  his  lands  in 
Fermanagh  no  longer  than  the  term  of  five  years  required 
by  law,  as,  in  161 5,  he  disp>osed  of  his  interest  therein  to 
Sir  Stephen  Butler.  There  are  still  several  families  of 
Trayles  to  be  found  in  Ulster.  Although  Trayle  soon 
sold  his  lands,  he  had  promptly  taken  out  his  patent. 

(175).  Dresteman. — This  proportion  lay  westward  of 
Lord  Burley*s  proportion  named  Legan,  from  which  it 
was  separated  by  a  stream  flowing  from  the  mountains 
into  Lough  Erne,  but  which  stream  is  nameless  on  the 
map.  At  an  Inquisition  held  in  Newtown  of  Knockninny, 
in  January,  1629,  it  was  found  that  ''it  is  verie  fitt  and 
convenient,  and  will  be  for  the  good  and  furtherance  of 
the  plantacion  and  Englishe  inhabitants  thereabouts,  to 
have  a  weeklie  markctt  upon  the  tcwesdaye,  to  bee  kepte 
within  the  said  proporcon  [Dresteman],  upon  the  parcell 
of  land  called  Callaghill  al'  Markett-hill,  and  3  fayres 
yearlye  to  be  kept  the  first  upon  St.  Andrew's  Day,  the 
second  upon  St.    Patrick's  Day,   and   the  thirde  upon 


SL  Mary  Magdelyne's  daie  ;  and  the  said 

fajH'es  will  not  bee  anie  hinderance  or  Docmnent 

the  neyboringe  townes,  where  any  layrcs  or 

are  kept  upon  those  dales  or  tymes,  at  any  towne  or  phc 
within  8  miles  distante  of  the  said  towne  of  Cillifiin 
Inquisitions  of  UisUr^  Fermanagh,  (13)  Car.  L 

(176).  Smelhome. — The  surname  cf  Smelboaie  is  oA 
written  in  Scotland  Smailholme,     He  is  caUed  Smttki 
in  an  inquisition  of  1629.     He  sold  his  intereit  ii 
lands  so  early  as  1618.     (See  Inquisitioms  of  UbUt^  I 
managh,  (8)  Car.  I).     Smelh<»ne  was  from  Leith^aa^ 
cautioner  was  Robert  Lindsay,  also  otf*  the  sane  piscf 

(177).  Dirriany. — These  lands  occupied  the  mi' 
extremity  of  Knockninny  precinct,  and  are  icpteicrt 
the  map  as  containing  a  large  amount  of  bog  and 
wood.     On  their  nordi-eastem  border  lay  Mittf 
church  lands,— one  of  which,  named  Moyaoght 
church  marked  with  a  tower  on  one  end  and  a  kif 
on  the  other.    On  the  north-western  edge  of  tUs 
tion  stood  Castleskeagh,  an  ancient  and  weU-kaov 
ence  of  the  Maguires. 


GRANTS    AND    GRANTEES. 


303 


>f  Diriada,  Dirily,  Gortgranagh,  one  and  '/,  tate  each  ;  Encoragh,  '/^  tate ;  Rousky  and 
hoose,  one  and  7a  tate  each ;  Dirriany,  '/^  tate  ;  Drummurilbeg,  '/,  tate  ;  Tenester,  one  and 
;  Dromlonan,  one  and  7^  tate  ;  Corressale,  7a  ^^^^>  Quillan,  7a  tate  ;  Garrowrousky,  one 
tate ;  Branish,  one  and  7a  tate ;  Dromcah,  one  tate  ;  Cleenagh,  one  and  7a  tate ;  all  the 
in  Lougheme,  parcels  of  or  belonging  to  the  premises,  except  those  of  Dirrinish,  Trasna, 
1,  and  Blanish ;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  with  free  fishing  in  Lougheme.  Rent,  5/.  6s,  Sd. 
I.  The  premises  created  the  manor  of  Dirriany,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court 
and  power  to  create  tenures.  The  parcel  or  tate  of  Drumurillmore,  containing  60  acres,  is 
;d  from  this  grant.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage. 
',  nth  [1613]. 

VI.  The  Precinct  of  Magheriboy  (178),  county  of  Fermanagh. 

Grant  to  Sir  John  Home  (179),  Knight,  The  large  proportion  of  Ardgorte  (180), 
ing  Defassagh,  4  tates ;  Ardgart,  4  tates ;  Rosswyne,  6  tates ;  Gartnerough,  4  tates ; 
laghmore,  4  tates  ;  Tullagh,  2  tates  ;  Menerin,  2  tates ;  Cargimore,  6  tates ;  the  island  of 
iish,  '/a  tate ;  the  island  of  Coonny,  7a  tate  ;  and  the  other  islands  in  Lougheme,  parcel  of 
nging  to  the  premises  ;  in  all,  2,000  acres,  with  free  fishing  in  Lougherne.  From  this 
20  acres,  the  7a  quarter  of  Menerin,  were  excepted  for  glebe  land.  Rent,  10/.  131.  4//. 
I.  The  premises  erected  into  the  manor  of  Ardgorte,  with  600  acres  in  demesne,  and  a 
aron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.  24  July,  8th  [16 10]. 
misitions  of  Ulster^  Fermanagh,  (46)  Car.  I. 

<}rant   to    Robert    Hamilton    (181).       The   middle   proportion   of  Dirrynefogher   (182), 


MagJuriboy. — See  p.  204.  This  precinct,  com- 
;e  with  the  present  barony  of  Magheraboy,  occu- 
lorth-westem  portion  of  the  county  of  Fermanagh, 
nded  on  the  west,  by  the  county  of  Leitrim  ;  on 
I,  by  the  barony  of  Lurg ;  on  the  east,  by  the 
of  Lui^  and  Tyrkennedy  ;  and  on  the  south  by 
ly  of  Glenawley.  On  the  baronial  map  the  com- 
ts  S.  E.  Magheraboy  contains  upwards  of  80,000 
elusive  of  water  ;  of  this  area,  only  small  shreds 

to  the  church  ;  yet  with  these  exceptions,  the 
esents  the  whole  barony  as  being  appropriated  or 

by  seven  proportions,  although  the  undertakers 
posed  to  have  only  got  9,000  acres  of  arable  land 
rd  among  them  all  ! 

Sir  yohn  Home, — This  undertaker  was  a  son  of 
vc  Home  of  Manderston,  in  Berwickshire,  and 
•f  the  well-known  Sir  George  Home,  or  Hume, 
>mpanied  the  King  into  England,  and  in  1605 
ted  Earl  of  Dunbar.     This  gentleman  not  only 

OHTi  fortune,  but  was  the  means  of  advancing  two 
rothers — among    other   methods,    by    obtaining 

proportions  of  the  escheated  lands  in  Ulster, 
je  Hume  is  described  as  having  been  **a  person  of 

few  words  ;  and  in  his  Majesty's  service  no  less 
than  fortunate.  The  most  difficile  affairs  he 
d  without  any  noise,  never  returning,  when  he 
oyed,  without  the  work  performed  that  he  was 


sent  to  do."  (See  Burke's  Extinct  Peerages^  p.  289).  His 
brother,  Sir  John,  the  undertaker  in  Fermanagh,  appears 
to  have  migrated  to  London  also.  So  early  as  August, 
1603,  when  the  King  had  not  been  there  many  months, 
this  Scotch  borderer  obtained  a  licence  to  export  1,000 
dickers  of  red  hides,  tanned,  within  two  years.  He  soon 
afterwards  obtained  a  pension  of  200/.  per  annum,  which 
he  surrendered  in  161 1,  no  doubt  according  to  agreement, 
and  after  he  had  got  a  provision  for  himself  by  the  grant 
of  these  lands  in  Fermanagh.  See  Calendar  of  State 
Papers,  Domestic  Series,  James  I.,  August  17,  1603;  and 
May  16,  161 1. 

(180).  Ardgorte. — This  proportion  is  represented  on  tlic 
map  as  lying  between  the  mountains  and  Lough  Erne, 
and  as  very  much  occupied  by  woods,  bogs,  lakes,  and 
streams. 

(181).  Robert  Hamilton. — This  undertaker  was  a  kins- 
man of  Sir  James  Hamilton,  Lord  Clannaboy,  being  a 
son  of  Gilbert  Hamilton,  and  having  Gavin  Hamilton  of 
Raplock  as  his  cautioner.  Lord  Clannaboy's  father, 
Hans  Hamilton,  was  an  illegitimate  son  of  Hamilton  of 
Raplock. 

(182).  Dirrynefogher. — The  lands  of  this  proportion 
lay  westward  on  the  map,  but  really  south  of  the  preced- 
ing one.  Dirrynefogher  was  a  middle  proportion,  and  as 
such,  ought  to  have  been  drawn  in  violet,  but  it  appears 
in  the  usual  uncertain  hue,  intended  to  be  carnation^ 


304 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


containing  Rossniire,  V3  tate  ;  Knockbey,  '/,  of  a  tate  ;  Dromeherin,  '/,  of  a  tate  ;  DirrynefogheTf 
7,  tate ;  Listead,  one  tate ;  I^glan,  '/^  tate ;  Dromgormeny,  '/^  tate ;  Aghekeirin,  one  Ute; 
Killduff,  Vj  of  a  tate  ;  Dromary,  one  tate ;  Aghasillus,  one  tate  ;  Killroe,  one  tate ;  Dromcroghaii, 
■/a  of  a  tate ,  Corr,  7^  tate ;  Listomer,  73  ^^te ;  Cambeg,  73  tate ;  Dromscobbe,  one  tate ; 
Tullacreeny,  2  tates ;  Smurierta,  7^  tate ;  Tategillagh,  one  tate ;  Dromduller,  73  tate ;  Tullascanlaa^ 
one  tate ;  Shankill,  Tedan,  Ranasough,  Lughan,  Cashell,  and  Dromcarban,  7.,  tate  each  .•* 
TuUagarin,  2  tates  ;  Tullacalter,  one  tate ;  Tonamulmora,  73  tate  ;  Crott,  73  tate ;  Dromeragh,  oo^ 
tate ;  Moynaghan,  one  tate  ;  Maghernienekeragh,  7 3  tate ;  half  the  tate  of  MuUaghgillicolim  ;  ti^ 
islands  of  Fushie  and  Clenishe,  and  free  fishing  in  Lougheme ;  in  all,  1,500  acres ;  the  tate  ^ 
Kilbay  and  half  the  tate  of  Smuriertagh,  containing  90  acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grant  T"^ 
premises  are  erected  into  the  manor  of  Derrynefogher,  with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  coufy 
baron.  Rent,  8/.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage 
29  Aug.,  8th  [1610]. 

3.  Grant  to  James  Gibb  (183).  The  small  proportion  of  Dromra  (184),  containing  the  lands 
of  Dromskewly,  4  tates  ;  Cavankeile,  4  tates ;  Dromra,  4  tates  ;  Moyfadda,  73  tate ;  Dromdownef 
2  tates ;  the  moiety  of  the  half  quarter  of  Urrishe,  one  tate ;  the  island  of  Inchmac-Moile  in 
Lougheme;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  with  free  fishing  in  Lougherne.  The  moiety  of  the  Urragh, '/• 
quarter,  containing  60  acres,  is  excepted  from  this  grant  The  premises  are  erected  into  tbe 
manor  of  Dromra,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  5/.  6x.  Zd,  English.  To 
hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     29  August,  8th  [161  o]. 

4.  Grant  to  Jerome  Lindsey  (185),  Esq,  The  small  proportion  of  DrofHskeagh  (i86)r 
containing  the  lands  of  Dromskeagh,  Cannerlagh,  Oromeagh,  Dromclane,  and  Lurgavi^^  odi 
one  tate;    Callogh   and   Nerry,   one  tate;  Urrisse,   one  and  7a  tate;  Mullycreagh,   2  tates; 

which  characterises  all  the  small  proportions.  This 
estate  of  Rol)crt  Hamilton,  which  also  lay  beween  the 
mountains  and  Lough  Erne,  is  represented  on  the  map  as 
very  wooded,  but  without  much  bog.  Nearly  in  the 
centre  is  a  small  parcel  of  church  land  called  Monea^  in 
which  there  is  a  church  marked,  and  beside  it  a  small 
lake.  On  the  western  bounds,  and  immediately  adjoining 
the  mountains,  there  are  two  parcels  of  church  lands 
called  KUlchaman  and  I^trim^  on  the  former  of  which 
a  church  also  appears. 

(183).  Jamts  Gibb, — ^James  Gibb  was  the  son  of  John 
Gibb,  a  Scottish  servant  in  the  Royal  household.  Oct. 
24,  1603,  a  warrant  to  deliver  John  Gibb,  one  of  the 
grooms  of  the  bedchamber,  stuflf  for  winter  apparel. 
Tan.  4,  1604,  warrant  to  deliver  John  Gibb  his  yearly 
livery.  March  14,  1604,  warrant  to  pay  John  Gibb  an 
annuity  of  20/.  May  3,  1604,  grant  to  John  Gibb  of 
2CXX>/.  from  fines  paid  for  recusancy.  December  17, 
1604,  grant  to  John  Gi1)b,  groom  of  the  chamber,  of 
3000/.  out  of  the  penalties  or  forfeitures  of  recusants. 
The  son,  James  Gibb,  soon  disix>sed  of  his  interest  in  the 
Fermanagh  lands,  and  remained  in  London.  July  5, 
1614,  a  grant  to  James  Gibb  of  a  pension  of  ^X3/.  per 

,  nis 


annum,  on  surrender  of  a  like  pension  by  John  Gibb^ 
iather,  groom  of  the  bedchamber.     And  July  II,  1 61 6,  a 


grant  to  Henry  Gibb,  of  the  bedchamber,  for  the  L 
of  his  lather,  John  Gibb,  of  lands  called  Biadii^  Uef( 
Wight,  which  have  been  much  overflowed  ^^"^ 
and  are  to  be  enclosed  at  his  expen3e.  See  tdntkrif 
State  Papers^  Domestic  Series,  James  L 

(1&4.).  Dromra, — This  proportion  lay  doee  aktf  ike 
shore  of  Lough  Erne,  and  adjoimng  those  of  Sir  joh* 
Home  and  Robert  Hamilton.  It  b  marked  oa  tlM  M 
as  having  much  wood  and  bog,  with  two  islaads  )ji4 
opposite,  but  neither  named  oq  the  maj>. 

(185).  Jerome  Limtsey,— This  undertaker  was  ^tM^ 
Bernard  Lindsay  already  noticed.  He  did  not  kiog  Rtli* 
his  lands  in  Fermanagh,  having  disposed  of  tM  ^ 
October,  16 12,  to  Captain  Cole. 

(186).  />/vMjittt^i.— These  lands  occupied  theiCN^ 
extremity  of  the  precinct  reaching  to  EnniskiDci^  «h|ff 
appears  on  the  map  as  an  island  separated  firon  lhs«ig[ 
land  by  a  not  very  narrow  channeL  Six  tales  ef  ch0V 
lands  intervene  between  this  proportioa  and  the  Ub^  ^ 
at  a  little  distance  from  the  shore  lies  the  dM  ■ 
Devenish,  with  its  round  tower,  its  abbejr,  ud  ^ 
other  ecclesiastical  buildings.  Nnmennis  black 
are  represented  on  the  map  as  sarmouBting  that 
Qxes,  mdnding  the  roond  tower. 


i 


GRANTS    AND    GRANTEES. 


305 


,  2  tates ;  half  of  Lurgandarragh,  one  tate ;  Dirrilacka,  2  tates  ;  and  half  of  Doonconyly, 
all,  1,000  acres,  with  free  fishing  in  Ix)ugherne.  The  other  moiety  of  the  said  '/a 
Jled  the  tate  of  Lurgandarragh,  containing  60  acres,  is  excepted  from  this  grant.  The 
•e  created  the  manor  of  Dromskeagh,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron. 
6s.  Sd.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage, 
txir,  loth  [161 2]. 

rnt  to  William  Fowler  (187),  Esq.  The  middle  proportion  of  Moyglasse  (188), 
the  lands  of  Bohorne,  4  tates ;  Moyglasse,  4  tates ;  Billygonaught,  4  tates ; 
agh,  3  tates  ;  Aghrim,  2  tates ;  Killderassan,  one  and  '/a  tate ;  Rousky,  one  tate ; 
ne  tate ;  Quillyn,  one  tate ;  Dromreaske,  one  tate ;  Carrigreagh,  one  tate  \  Mullagh- 
,  7a  tate ;  the  island  of  Inishfomer,  in  Lougheme,  one  tate ;  the  island  of  Galleran,  and 
ids  in  Lougherne,  parcels  of,  or  belonging  to  the  premises;  in  all,  1,500  acres,  with  free 
Lougherne.  For  glebe  land,  90  acres  excepted  from  this  grant.  Rent,  8/.  English, 
ses  are  created  the  manor  of  Moyglasse,  with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron, 
forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.  6  May,  9th  [161 1].  See 
s  of  Ulster^  Fermanagh,  (46)  Car.  I. 

mt  to  Alexander  Home  (189).  The  small  proportion  of  Dromcoose  (190),  containing  the 
romcoose,  4  tates  ;  Coagh,  3  tates  \  Rattonnagh,  4  tates  ;  Lenaghan,  4  tates  ;  the  island 
low^e,  one  tate  ;  the  island  of  Inishlougher,  7,  tate ;  the  i§land  of  Inishcomeade,  73  tate ; 
ands  of  Carr  and  Trasna  lying  in  Lougherne  ;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  with  free  fishing  in 
.  Sixty  acres  excepted  from  this  grant  for  glebe  land.  Rent,  5/.  6^.  8^.  The  premises 
o  the  manor  of  Dromcoose,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold 
of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.  29  April,  9th  [161 1].  See  Inquisitions  of 
managh,  (46)  Car.  L 


Hiam  Fmv/cr. — A  servant  of  the  royal  house- 
rcially  employed  in  the  Queen's  service.  On 
October,  1608,  the  Earl  of  Shrewsbury  writes 

specially  "recommending  Mr.  Fowler,  the 
int."  On  the  26th  of  October,  1 609,  this  Wm. 
s  to  the  Earls  of  Salisbury  and  Suflfolk,  stat- 

had  delivered  to  the  Queen  their  packet 
iscount  Lisle,  her  Chamberlain  ;  and  adding 
meet  the  King  at  London,  or  elsewhere,  and 
s  his  Majesty  has  a  swelled  foot.  Fowler  was 
Gotland,  but  from  what  locality  we  have  not 

vglassc. — This  proportion  lay  northward  of 
and  separating  the  latter  from  that  of  Robert 
ailed  Dirrynefogher,  already  noticed.  Moy- 
esented  on  the  map  as  generally  mountainous, 
[bounding  in  woods,  lakes,  and  bogs.  It  was 
the  shore  of  Lough  Erne  by  lands  belonging 
ortions  on  each  side  of  it. 
xander  Home. — A  brother  of  Sir  Geo.  Home, 
d  of  Sir  John,  already  noticed  as  owner  of  the 
ion  called  Ardgorte  ;  but  Alexander  does  not 
ive  migrated  to  London  with  his  brothers, 
took  out  his  patent,  he  disposed  of  his  grant 


to  his  brother  Sir  John,  and  probably  remained  in  the 
family  residence,  which  was  called  Manderston,  in  the 
parish  of  Dunse,  Berwickshire.  This  residence  has  been 
preserved,  and  recently  very  much  improved,  but  it  is  not 
now  occupied  by  any  family  of  the  Homes.  In  the  seven- 
teenth century,  the  Homes  or  Humes  were  a  numerous 
and  influential  race  in  Berwick  and  Lauderdale.  Among 
their  leading  families  were  those  of  Wedderbum,  Blaca- 
tour,  Aytoun,  Cowdenknowes,  Polwart,  and  Manderston. 
The  heads  of  these  families  were  all  known  as  lairds.  To 
these  Homes  of  Bervyrickshirc  belonged  David  Hume,  the 
historian  and  philosopher,  whose  name  is  now  a  household 
word  ;  John  Home,  the  author  of  the  highly  popular 
dramatic  work  entitled  Douglas^  a  Tragedy ;  David 
Hume,  of  Godscroft ;  Sir  Patrick  Hume,  and  his  nobly 
distinguished  daughter,  Grizzel  Baillie. 

(190).  Dromcoose. — This  proportion  lay  on  the  lough 
shore,  the  several  islands  mentioned  in  the  above  grant 
being  separated  from  the  mainland  only  by  a  narrow 
channel.  These  islands,  however,  are  not  named  on  the 
map,  although  there  is  a  church  marked  on  one  of  them. 
Two  lakes  are  marked  near  the  centre  of  this  proportion. 
Wood  and  bog  are  also  marked  as  being  plentifully 
sprinkled  throughout. 


3o6 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


7.  Grant  to  Jb/in  Dunbarr  {i()i),  Esq,  The  small  proportion  called  Dronuro  (192),  containii 
the  following  lands,  viz.,  Dromcroe,  Drombocking,  Correcloony,  and  Tounegowan,  being  4  tates 
Drommore,  Dromdowne,  Ganwen,  Urbill,  Dromarrowe,  and  Dristeman,  4  tates ;  Rahaltane^^ 
Clonlawan,  Rostagawhe,  and  half  of  Tullenedall,  4  tates ;  three-fourths  of  Doagh  quarter ;  indudini:^^ 
the  lands  of  Doagh,  Ratonogho,  Dromnemine,  Rossnurbegg,  Dirgonilly,  and  Mullaghclanagie ;  7i 
the  half  quarter  of  Bchagh,  which  includes  the  parcels  of  Letragan,  Lecessioghoure, 
Gortagarne;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  Also  Tonnagh,  2  great  tates,  120  acres;  Killwhun,  Revag^j 
Shrebagh,  and  Aghthovas,  one  tate  each,  240  acres ;  Chosrogy,  Tullaghstranafeme,  Tullaghnasn^^^ 
Turgan,  Monniscribagh,  Dromnagawna,  and  Kiltagart,  '/d  tate  each ;  rent,  9/.  9X.  4^1 
premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Dunbar,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron. 
hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.      lo  January,  13th  [1615]. 

vn.  The  Precinct  of  Tullochonco  (193),  county  of  Cavan. 

I.  Grant  to  Sir  Alexander  Hamilton^  Knt,  of  Endervicke,  in  Scotland.  The  small  proporti»a 
called  Clonkine  (194),  containing  Nardra,  one  poll;  Lahard,  one  poll;  Granecharrow,  one  pole  I 
Quivie,  one  poll ;  Shancarrow,  2  polls ;  Dromchirivy,  one  poll ;  Carrow,  one  poll ;  DromdK)fliim« 
one  pole ;  Dromgowne,  one  poll ;  Dremgohan,  one  pole ;  Keilagh,  one  pole  ;  [  \ 

poll ;  Drombess,  one  poll ;  Dromkeirin,  one  poll ;  [  ],  the  poll  of  Dromroe  in  la 

divided ;  and  V^  of  the  poll  of  Dromhyllagh ;  in  all,  containing  1,000  acres.  Also,  the  small 
proportion  of  Carrotubber  (194),  including  the  lands  of  Behe,  one  poll;  Druse,  one  poll  9 
Gortneterine,  one  poll ;  Sallaghwy,  4  polls ;  Dromchachy,  one  poll ;  Nalosty,  one  poll  r 
Carrotubber,  one  poll ;  Aghevehan,  2  polls ;  Cor-Ihy,  one  poll ;  Clovue,  2  polls ;  Partanme,  9 
polls  ;  Mubrack,  one  poll ;  Alevin  ;  12  parts  of  the  poll  of  Syhoran ;  and  7  parts  of  the  two  poD^ 
of  Aghanocho  ;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  with  the  advowson,  donation,  and  right  of  patronage  of  and  io 


(191).  John  Dunbarr, — Grandson  of  Sir  John  Dunbar 
of  Mochrum,  in  Wigtonshire.  He  seems  lo  have  been 
-heir  to  the  latter,  although  at  the  time  of  Sir  John's  death 
there  was  little  of  the  family  estates  left  to  inherit.  Of 
the  residue,  however,  there  was  the  suf>eriority  of  the  two 
mcrk  land  of  Egemcss  and  Kerguill,  and  also  of  the  five 
pound  land  of  Pankhill,  now  Bonkill,  in  the  parish  of 
Sorbie,  Wigtonshire.  Even  these  fragments  soon  passed 
from  the  name  of  Dunbar,  and  now  form  part  of  the 
estates  of  the  Earl  of  Galloway,  lying  on  the  northern  and 
eastern  shores  of  Garlieston  bay.  (Sec  Paterson's  Gall(h 
way  Lands  and  their  Owner Sy  p.  461).  John  Dunbarr 
did  not  come  to  Ulster  with  the  other  undertakers  from 
Wigtonshire,  being  detained,  no  doubt,  in  gleaning  up  the 
slender  remains  of  his  property.  He  came,  however,  in 
161 5,  and  his  settlement  in  Fermanagh  appears  to  have 
been  prosperous.  In  consideration  of  the  once  distin- 
guished  position  of  his  family,  he  was  soon  knighted.  He 
also  helci  the  office  of  High  Sheriff  of  Fermanagh. 

(192).  Drumcro. — This  proportion  adjoined  that  of  Sir 
John  Home  on  the  north,  and  was  bounded  by  Lough 
Erne  on  the  east.     It  is  represented  on  the  map  as  literally 


covered  with  wood,  and  as  having  a  plentiful  simph  of  bq|» 
(193).  Tulio€konco,—^tt  p.  204.  Now  tnUyhaW 
situated  in  the  west  of  the  county  of  Cavan,  and  bondff 
on  the  north,  by  the  baronies  of  Tullagfaigfa  and  La«cr 
Loughtee ;  on  the  east,  by  the  baronies  of  Lower  Lo«ktf4 
Upper  Loughtee,  and  Clonmahon ;  on  the  soatK  Df  Ae 
county  of  lI)ngford  ;  and  on  the  west,  by  the  oomtici  « 
Ix>n£ford  and  Leitrim,  and  the  barony  of  ToQaglM^ 
On  the  baronial  map  the  compass  points  doe  wot,  » 
northern  boundaries  thus  appearing  on  the  cut;  At 
eastern  boundaries  on  the  south  ;  the  southern  UuHwfan* 
on  the  west ;  and  the  western  boundaries  on  the  mi|^ 
The  area  of  this  precinct  is  about  39,000  acres, 
of  water,  which,  with  the  exception  of  a  few  voy 
parcels  of  church  lands,  is  represented  on  the  M 
occupied  by  the  proportions  of  nve  undertaken,  ak^^ 
the  latter  were  supposed  to  have  got  only  6^000  aoci  > 
arable  Umds  distributed  amongst  them  all  I 

(194).  Clonkine  and  Ca/fWteMrr.—TheM  twopnft^ 
tions  are  represented  on  the  map  as  lying  bet  ten  UmP 
Gauna  and  the  head  of  Loughowtra.     Both  ait 
also  as  containing  much  wood  and  bog. 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


307 


^^e  rectory  or  church  of  Killeshandragh.     From  this  grant  90  acres  were  excepted.     Rent,  8/. 
^'^^lish.      The  premises  created  the  manor  of  Clonkine  and  Carrotubber,  with  600  acres  in 
^^"Haesne,  and  a  court  baron.      To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage. 
*3  July,  8th  [1610].     Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Cavan,  (24)  Car.  I. 

2.  Grant  to  Sir  Claude  Hamilton^  Knt,^  and  son  of  the  above-named  Sir  Alexander.  The 
sm3j]  proportion  of  Clonyn  (195),  otherwise  TaughyUagh^  containing  the  lands  of  Denyvyla,  2 
polls j  Derryskerte,  one  pole  ;  Disert,  one  poll ;  Derrylakyn,  2  polls;  Portlive,  one  poll ;  Y4  of  the 
poll  called  Derreged ;  Towlaght,  one  poll ;  Clonine  al'  Tagleagh,  one  poll ;  Dromardavan,  one 
pole  ;  Dromragh,  one  poll ;  Gortinagery,  one  poll ;  Dromcherill,  one  pole ;  Cloncose,  one  poll ; 
I^oxnbo,  one  poll;  Dromoligh,  2  polls;  and  7i.  of  the  poll  of  Dromcartagh;  in  all,  1,000  acres  ; 
from  which  is  excepted  glebe  land  amounting  to  60  acres.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of 
Clonyn  or  Taghleagh,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  5/.  6j.  8^.  English. 
To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.  23  July,  8th  [16 10].  See 
Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Cavan,  (24)  Car.  I. 

3.  Grant   to   Alexander  Achmootie  (196).        The   small   proportion   of   Dromheada   (197), 

containing  the  lands  of  Drumfart,  7,  poll ;  Quinemore,  2  polls ;  Dromlyne,  one  poll ;   Gartnartin, 

V4  poll ;  Laghtnafiny,  7,  poll ;  Corromaghin,  one  poll ;  Downanow,  one  poll ;  Amaghtarcorne,  one 

poll  ;    Aghcarrow,    one   poll ;    Tollagh,    one    poll ;    Cromcrin,    74  PoU ;    Shalghwy,    one   poll ; 

Portlanghill,   2  polls ;   Dromchorie,  74  of  a  poll ;  Carromconagh,   2  polls ;    Dromany,  one  poll ; 

Crodrom,  one  poll ;  V4  of  Bohora ;  Dromheada,  one  poll ;  Dromvoloskie,  one  poll ;  Ardra,  one 

poll ;  and  7i2  of  Dromro,  next  to  Ardra  ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.     The  poll  of  Crinowe,  and  the  74  of 

Bohora,  containing  60  acres,  are  excepted  from  this  grant.     The  premises  are  erected  into  the  manor 

of  Dromheada,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.      Rent,  5/.  6j.  M,  English.      To 

^old  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     24  June,  8th  [16 10]. 

4.  Grant  to  John  Achmootie  (198).      The  small  proportion  of  Keylagh  (199),  containing  the 

^ds  of  Tonyley,  Dromany,  Slutedwarid,  Loughchenn,  and  Taghabane,  one  poll  each ;  Croghin, 

4  polls;  Molaghdone,  Aghnacriny,  Markan,  Keylagh,  and  Clonkeine,  one  poll  each;  7^  parts  of  the 

pott  of  Clarhagh,  next  Killdailen ;  Listeman,   2  polls ;  Killnacrosse,  Tagheagh,  Carrotouny,  and 

Mnegreighan,  one  poll  each;    eleven  of  the  twelve  parts  of  the  poll  of  Dromcartagh  next  to 


1*95).  Clonyn, — These  lands  bordered  on  the  county 
J^trinj,  from  which  they  are  represented  on  the  map  as 
"^  separated  by  a  river  called  the  Owen  Duff. 

(196).  Achmootie. — This  undertaker  had  a  brother  in 
^  royal  household,  through  whose  influence  he,  no 
"JHibt,  was  admitted  to  the  benefits  arising  from  the  Ulster 
P]*Btaiion,  but  as  to  what  place  in  Scotland  he  originally 
longed,  we  are  unable  to  affirm. 

-.  (197).  Dromheada. — The  lands  of  Dromheada  lay  in 
^^  centre  of  the  precinct,  and  are  represented  on  the  map 
^  containing  two  small  lakes  not  named,  several  small 
*^tches  of  bog,  but  no  woods. 

(198).  Achmootie.  — Brother  of  Alexander  Achmootie, 
^H)vc-mentioned.     On  the  24th  of  October,  1603,  there 


is  a  warrant  to  deliver  to  John  Achmouty  as  a  groom  of 
the  Bedchamber,  stuff  for  winter  apparel.  January  4, 
1603-4,  a  warrant  to  deliver  him  his  yearly  livery.  March 
16,  1603-4,  a  warrant  to  pay  him  an  annuity  of  20/.  July 
4,  1607,  a  grant  of  sums  received  by  divers  persons  for  the 
King's  service  in  Ireland.  And  in  March,  1608,  a  grant 
to  Achmouty,  as  groom  of  the  Bedchamber,  of  2,000/.,  as 
a  gift,  payable  out  of  the  forfeitures  of  recusants.  See 
Calendar  of  State  Papers^  Domestic  Series,  1 603-10,  pp. 
47,  64,  88,  316,  415. 

(199).  Keylagh. — These  lands,  marked  on  the  map  as 
densely  wooded,  occupied  a  nearly  central  part  of  the 
precinct  between  the  county  of  Leitrim  on  the  west  and 
the  barony  of  Loughtee  on  the  east. 


3o8 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Keylagh ;  two-twelfth  parts  of  the  poll  of  Dromynan  next  Clonkeine ;  in  all,  i,< 
poll  of  Boched,  and  one-fourth  of  the  poll  of  Clarhagh,  containing  60  acres,  are  excepted  fix 
grant.  The  premises  are  erected  into  the  manor  of  Keylagh,  with  300  acres  in  demesQe, 
court  baron.  Rent,  5/.  6s.  Sd,  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  DuUin,  in  cc 
socage.     27  June,  8th  [16 10]. 

5.  Grant  to  Jb/in  Browne  (20 d)  of  Gorgeemill,  gent.  The  small  proportion  of  Carti 
(201),  containing  the  lands  of  Tagheroskery,  one  poll;  Grenchill,  one  poll;  Dromche,  on 
Tointragh,  one  poll ;  Dromlearny,  one  poll ;  Gartollagh,  one  poll ;  Farrangarran,  one 
Dromallo,  one  poll ;  [  ],  one  poll ;  Lecke,  one  poll ;  Garwayne,  one  poll ;  Cashell,  2 

Corridonaghy,  2  polls ;  Carrodownan,  one  poll ;  Dromchroe,  one  poll ;  Drombarry,  '/i 
Aghocoran,  2  polls;  Dromgoha,  one  poll;  and  '/„  of  the  poll  of  Syhorran;  in  all,  i,ooo 
excepting  60  acres  from  this  grant  for  glebe  land.  The  premises  are  created  the  ma 
Carrodownan,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  5/.  6s,  and  Zd.  En^^ 
hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.  23  July,  8th  [1610].  See  Inqm 
of  Ulster,  Cavan,  (31)  Car.  I. 

VIII.  The  Precinct  of  Clanchy  (202),  in  the  county  of  Cavan. 

I.  Grant  to  Esnu  Stuart,  Lord  Aubigny  (203).  The  great  proportion  of  Kinmigh 
containing  the  lands  of  Corveagh,  one  poll ;  Colclare,  one  poll ;  Shannagh,  2  polls ;  Kittii 
one  poll ;  Comelyan,  one  poll ;  Corley  and  Dromskeagh,  one  poll  each  ;  Lecke,  2  polls ;  \ 
Shannan,  and  Corcoast,  one  poll  each;  Killnecross-dufTe,  2  polls;  Lattrusse,  Lissnedi 
Skarkoge,  Darkley,  Cornecarrowe,  Droml)m,  and  Carvillykie,  one  poll  each ;  Dromcullen,  01 
7,  poll ;  Latgaghan,  Annagh-Irin,  Corraghoo,  Dromhilla,  Corlateglanan,  Crosbeg,  and  Radi 
one  poll  each  ;  Dromad,  2  polls ;  Agherabeg,  '/,  pole ;  Coranargan,  Carravaddy,  and  CoUooi 
poll  each  ;  Nowlagh,  one  and  Va  poU ;  Corlattecarroll,  Kilmaghan,  Kinegh,  and  Killalis,  01 


(200).  John  Browne. — This  undertaker  had  also  a  grant 
of  several  Ferries  in  Ubter.  He  soon  disposed  of  these 
laads  in  Cavan,  as  there  is  a  King's  letter  of  April  21, 
161 3,  "to  accept  a  surrender  from  John  Browne  of  Gor^ 
pemill^  in  Scotland,  gent,  of  the  manor  of  Carrowdonen, 
m  Cavan  ca,  and  to  make  a  grant  of  the  same  to  Archi- 
bald Acheson  of  Edinburgh,  forever,  with  the  advowson 
of  the  church  of  the  manor."  John  Browne's  cautioner 
was  Harrie  Aikman  of  Broomhous. 

(201).  Carrodonan. — This  proportion  lay  along  the 
southern  extremity  of  the  precinct,  adjoining  the  county  of 
Longford,  and  containing,  as  represented  on  the  map, 
much  wood  and  many  patches  of  tx>g. 

(a02).  Clanchy. — Now  Clankee  or  Clonkee  (see  p^  204). 
This  barony  is  situate  in  the  extreme  east  of  the  county  of 
Cavan,  being  bounded  on  the  north,  by  the  bcMXHiy  of 
Tullaghgarvie  ;  on  the  east,  by  the  county  of  Monaghan ; 
on  the  south,  by  the  county  of  Meath ;  and  on  the  west,  by 
the  barony  of  Loughtee.  In  this  barony  map,  thc^  com- 
pAta  points  N.  W.  The  general  appearance  ot  the  sur£&ce 
IS  varied  by  many  lakes,  and  by  a  mountain  range  which 
runs  through  the  greater  part  of  the  precinct,  Cutting 


out  the  undertakers'  lands  from  others  tliat  had  a 
appropriated  when  the  surveyors  pasMd,  but  liad  t 
aside  for  corporate  towns,  free  schools,  and  pvob 
endow  forts.  The  precinct  contains  64,377  aoci*  0 
about  two-thirds  was  occupied  by  four  proportio 
posed  to  represent  only  5,000  acres  ! 

(203).  i^M^^My.  — Son  of  Esme  Stewart,  tl 
Duke  of  Lennox,  and  younger  brother  of  L 
the  second  duke.  On  the  death  of  the  latter,  ii 
1623-4,  he  succeeded  as  third  doke,  bot  he  oiihr « 
this  title  a  few  months,  as  he  died  in  Jnly,  liau 
wife  was  Katherine,  only  dao^iter  and  heir  of  Sir  < 
Clifton,  Lord  Clifton  of*^  Leiraton  Bromswold,  b] 
he  left  a  large  &mily.  This  lady  afterwards  man 
second  Earl  of  Ahiercom,  aod  was  gimnted  tlM  1 
retaining  her  rank  and  title  of  Dochess  of  ~ 
Burke's  Extinct  Pneragts,  p.  513. 


(204).  Aimi^M,--ThttpTOporttosla]riAte« 
the  precinct,  and  is  represented  o»  tte  sHip  •(  Ai 
woods  and  bogik  Two  rooatm  ft>mrhaa  •■»  mm 
Kiltan  and  Kapgckbtcca.  jr^niilipriii  ■ 


\ 


GRANTS    AND   GRANTEES.  309 

ch ;  and  Ye  P^^t  of  the  poll  called  Knocknelostye ;  in  all,  2,000  acres.  Also  the  small 
oportion  of  Cashdl^  containing  the  lands  of  Corrigireogh,  Anyfeme,  Coreloghagh,  Dorklagh, 
comdiny,  Mollan,  Corlecke,  Moyegh,  Knappagh,  Lisnedea,  Liscloghos,  Dromineveale,  Awyferne, 
irnagno,  Kilcleery,  Kesskeame,  and  Cashell,  each  one  poll ;  V^  of  the  poll  called  Lisi^egowne ; 
ugaboy,  one  poll  \  Dromconra,  one  poll ;  and  7„  of  the  p>oll  called  Ralaghan  ;  in  all,  1,000 
res,  with  the  advowson,  donation,  and  right  of  patronage  of  the  rectory  or  church  of  Dromdone 
Dromgown,  From  this  grant  was  excepted  150  acres  of  glebe  lands.  The  premises  are  created 
e  manors  of  Kinneigh  and  Cashell,  with  900  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  16/. 
iglish.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.  15  Aug.,  8th  [1640]. 
e  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Cavan,  (19)  Car.  I. 

2.  Grant  to  William  Baillie^  Esq,  The  small  proportion  of  Tonneregie  (205),  containing  the 
ads  of  Drombynis,  2  polls ;  Lisballagh,  Dirrymore,  Dromlume,  Pottle,  Lissegarr,  Corbollie,  Liar, 
id  Tirenemurklogh,  each  one  poll ;  Toneregie,  one  and  7,  poll ;  Y^  of  the  poll  of  Rakenan ; 
ghenellan,  Drombenan,  Dromkeragh,  Kilcolhie ;  Galbolly,  Lissenalske,  Litry,  and  Fasseraugh, 
le  poll  each  :  the  Ya  po^l  ^^  Trougher  ;  and  Ym  o^  the  poll  of  Dromegrany  j  in  all,  1,000  acres,, 
om  which  60  acres  for  glebe  are  excepted.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Toneregie, 
itb  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  5/.  6j.  8^.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of 
lie  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.  6  August,  8th  [16 10].  See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster ^ 
!imm,  (17)  Car.  I. 

3.  Grant  to  John  Ralestony  gent  The  small  proportion  of  Kilcloghan  (206),  containing  the 
nds.of  Dirmecasse,  one  poll ;  Clonra,  one  pole ;  Y4  o^  the  poll  of  Cran  \  Lismulran,  Coigarie, 
tttuUy,  Glastromen,  Correneiry,  Drombyns,  Kilcloghen,  Kilveerewe,  Tonhult,  Dromdromen^ 
Mrreagh,  Latsybulgiden,  Ardmoan,  Tonyduif,  Tullylurkan,  and  Sioran,  one  poll  each ;  Leglan, 
e  poll ;  one  and  Y*  of  the  poll  of  Raloghan  ;  Y*  ^^  the  half  poll  of  Comewhoe ;  and  Ye  of  the 
It  of  Knockeelosty ;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  from  which  glebe  land  amounting  to  60  acres  ia 
^epted.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Kilcloghan,  with  300  acres  of  demesne,  and  a 
Art  boron.  Rent,  5/.  6j.  8</.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common 
^age.     29  August,  8th  [16 10].     Sec  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Cavan,  (18)  Car.  I. 

4.  Grant  to  William  Downbarr,  of  a  small  proportion  of  1,000  acres.  [This  grant  is  not 
^x%A  in  the  printed  Rolls  of  James  I.,  nor  in  the  Inquisitions  of  Ulster]. 

III. 
Precincts  or  Baronies  set  ^ipart  for  Servitors  and  Natives  only. 
I.   The  Precinct  of  Orier  (207),  county  of  Armagh. 

U05).  Tonneregu. — This  proportion  lay  chiefly  alone  which  separated  the  barony  or  precinct  of  Clanchy,  or 

^  bocder  adjoining  the  county  of  Meath.     On  a  smafi  Clankee,  from  that  of  TuUaghgarvie. 
P^icel  of  church  land,  called  i1/<;>^^/^^r,  a  ruined  church  is  (207).  Oriir. — See  p.    201.     This    lajge   precinct  i& 

leaked,  and  a  round  tower,  at  a  little  distance,  surmounted  now  comprised  in  the  two  baronies  of  Upper  and  Lower 

9  a  cross.  Orier.    The  former  occupies  the  south-eastern  part  of 

(^).  Kilcloghan. — This  proportion  lay    principally  the  countjr  of  Armagh,  and  the  latter,  or  Lower  Ona;,  the 

^  the  mountain  range  called  on  the  map  Sleiveorrie^  middle  of  the  eastern  side  or  division  of  the  county.     The 


3IO 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Servitors. 

1.  Grant  to  Sir  Gerald  Moore  (208),  Knijs^hty  privy  councillor,  of  the  lands  called  Kilnebodaghi 
Denone,  Drombanchor,  and  Liscomon,  one  balliboe  each ;  Kilrie,  one  and  '/,  balliboe ;  Knockdo^ 
otherwise  Kilmanaghan,  Ballinesearsagh,  and  Cavan-Icallon,  one  balliboe  each ;  in  all,  i,< 
Rent,  8/.  English.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Knockduffe,  with  300  acres  in 
and  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject 
the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     22  January,  8th  [1609-10]. 

2.  Grant  to   Sir  Oliver  St  John  (209),  master  of  the  Ordnance,  the  castle  and  town 
Tonregie  [Tanderagee]  otherwise  Ballymore,  Mullabedy,  Tullagh-Hugh,  Darrowgallen,  and 
one  balliboe  each ;  Cargines,  2  balliboes ;  MuUaghglasse,  Tawnereogh,  Tawnatee,  Coronaght, 
Creenaghbegg,  one  balliboe  each;  Lisray,  '/,  balliboe;  in  all,  1,500.     Rent,  12/.  English, 
premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Ballymore^  with  600  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  bazoa    Ti 
hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of 
plantation  of  Ulster.     28  December,  8th  [1609-10]. 


area  of  the  old  precinct,  or  of  the  two  modem  baronies,  is 
about  75,000  acres,  which  the  baronial  map  represents  as 
entirely  occupied  by  servitors  and  natives,  excepting  1,910 
acres  for  glebes,  a  free  school,  and  Fort  Mountnorris,  the 
said  servitors  and  natives  not  being  supposed  to  have  had 
more  than  about  11,000  acres  of  arable  land  distributed 
amon^t  them  all ! 

(208).  Gerald  Moore. — He  was  among  the  most  distin- 
guished of  the  servitor  class,  both  as  to  his  family  position 
and  his  services.  He  was  son  of  Sir  Edward  Moore,  of 
Mellifont,  near  Drogheda,  who  had  come  from  Kent  to 
make  a  fortune  in  Ireland  during  the  war  with  the  Earl 
of  Tyrone,  and  succeeded  even  perhaps  beyond  his  ex- 
pectations. His  son,  Gerald,  or  Garret  (as  his  name  is 
always  written  in  the  State  Papers),  added  considerably 
to  the  accumulations  of  his  father.  By  a  patent  dated 
June  4,  161 1,  he  had  a  confirmation  in  fee  of  the  abbey  of 
Mellifont,  with  all  its  lands  ;  the  priory  of  Duleck,  with 
all  its  lands  ;  the  hospital  of  St.  John  the  Baptist,  in 
Ardee,  with  all  its  lands ;  the  manor  of  Shenlis,  and  the 
monastery  of  Gallen,  together  with  the  rectories  and  tithes 
of  Duleckc,  Kilcarvan,  Eight-Castles,  Moorechurch, 
Stamullen,  Cloneallway,  Ardcalhe,  Tymoll,  Macestown, 
Dowth,  Rathkenny,  Killmessane,  Rathconnell,  Castle- 
towne,  Killowcne,  Cioyanotown,  Kilcowle,  Hollywood, 
the  Grallagh,  the  Xaull,  Cowlo^^c,  St.  Mary's  and  St. 
Peter's,  Droghcda,  Julianstown,  Mullingar,  and  Magheri- 
cloo, — in  the  several  counties  of  Louth,  Meath,  West- 
meath,  Dublin,  Monaghan.  and  King's  County.  He  had 
also  obtained  the  castleand  landsof  Ballyscanlan,  Krivagh, 
and  others,  in  1600,  and  last,  though  not  least,  this  grant 
in  the  precinct  of  Orier.  (Sec  Lodge's  Peerage  0/ Ireland, 
edited  by  Archdall,  vol.  ii.,  p.  95).  Chichester,  when 
recommending  the  council  to  concede  some  suit  preferred 
by  Sir  Garret  Moore,  slates  the  ground  of  his  recommen- 
dation thus  : — **The  inducement  for  this  is  that  he  pays 
the  greatest  rent  to  the  Kini;  of  any  man  in  the  kingdom, 
and  that  he  is  a  worthy  and  honest  servant."    Although 


his  proportion  is  stated  in  this  grant  to  have  only  h 
1,000  acres,  the  map  has  coloured  and  marked  it  u 
middle  proportion  of  1,500  acres.     Moore  had  odgiBtlly 
asked  for  lands  in  Upper  Orier,  and  he  thus  had  hisdoi 
gratified.     There  appears  to  have  been  veiy  little  wood  1 
bog  on  his  proportion. 


(209).  St.  John. — This  undertaker  was  1  no 
distinguished  servitor  than  the  last  mentioned, 
a  more  popular  manner,  and  more  ambition.  Hewat 
the  second  son  of  Nicholas  St  John,  of  LfliiH 
Tr^orze,  Wiltshire.  He  had  been  originally  edKate^ 
as  a  lawyer,  but  having  slain  his  antagonist  in  t  dod 
he  was  compelled  to  leave  England  lor  a  time.  He 
went  to  Flanders,  where  he  became  a  soldier,  and  so  dif' 
tinguished  himself  that  he  there  received  the  hooov  d 
knighthood.  On  his  return  to  England  he  was  ideelel 
by  Queen  Elizabeth  as  a  likely  person  to  snitlwrliiik 
service,  and  accordingly  he  was  sent  to  this  couBtiyii 
the  year  1601.  Here  he  made  rapid  progrev  in  tit 
accumulation  of  wealth  and  honours,  receiTing  io  SMOtf' 
sion  the  appointments  of  president  of  Munster,  no^ 
president  of  Connaught,  Nlaster  of  the  Ordnaiioe,  ^ 
eventually  Lord  Deputy,  with  the  style  and  digdtj^' 
Viscount  Grandison.  (See  Nichol's  AtUcgra^ks),  AsMf 
his  various  acquisitions  the  most  fortunate,  perhaps  ^ 
this  grant  of  lands  which  had  belongedT  to  oU  Si 
Oghie  O'Hanlon,  on  which  he  [St.  John]  settled  hiaiA 
adding  other  proportions  to  his  own  as  they  veie  ofpci 
for  sale  in  the  district,  and  founding  there  a  ikinily  iM 
is  now  represented  by  the  dukes  of  Manchester.  Oitk 
map,  his  proportion  appears  as  one  of  the  lar|e  aHk 
being  coloured  yellow,  ai]d  liaving  the  two  itdcncH 
one  inside  the  other,  us^-d  to  mtak  great  propoftida^ 
although  in  the  terms  of  the  grant  as  above,  it  istt 
be  one  of  middle  size.  0'Hanlon*s  old  castle  ii 
on  the  map,  surrounded  with  bogs,  and  in  the  i 
vicinity  of  foar  lakes. 


J 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


311 


Grant  to  Lord  Audley  (210),  of  500  acres,  the  grantee  being  promised  2,000  in  this  precinct 
eath  of  Art  McBaron  O'Neill  and  his  wife,  both  of  whom  were  then  [16 10]  very  old  and 
The  lands  granted  in  the  meantime  to  Lord  Audley  were  the  two  Tulliharpies,  2  balliboes ; 
igagh,  one  balliboe ;  Ballynickrangan,  one  balliboe ;  and  '/g  part  of  the  balliboe  of  Lisnely  ; 
;oo  acres.  Rent,  4/.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common 
and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     9  January,  8th  [1610-11]. 

Grant  to  Sir  Thomas  Williams  (211),  Knight,  The  lands  of  Cloughneagh,  Latneheir, 
agh,  Dirrivologan,  Glascromen,  Mullaglasse,  Moytooan,  Aghnecloghreogh,  one  balliboe 
ind  the  half  of  Derriveg  balliboe ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor 
2sse^  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  8/.  English.  To  hold  forever, 
e  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of 
17  December,  8th  [1610]. 

Grant  to  yohn  Bourchier  (212),  Esq,  The  lands  of  Ballibrackagh  otherwise  Unchenagh 
ylisky,  one  balliboe  each  ;  MuUavillie,  '/a  balliboe ;  Balliknocke,  Tawnavaltiny,  Comescribe, 
)rie,  one  balliboe  each  ;  Clonecoose,  one  and  '/j  balliboe  ;  and  Cortreen,  '/s  of  a  balliboe ; 
[,aoo  acres.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Tawnavaltiny^  with  300  acres  in 
J,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  8/.  English,  to  commence  from  Easter,  16 14.  To  hold 
as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the 
m  of  Ulster.     30  November,  8th  [16 10]. 

Grant  to  Francis  Cooke  {21^),  Esq,  The  lands  of  Tawnamore,  Balliclare,  Dromeneewre, 
ydagh,  and  Claghoge,  one  balliboe  each  ;  Ball3rsheales,  2  balliboes ;  and  Moycullenyeightra, 
Yj  balliboe  ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Balliclare^  with 
s  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  8/.  English,  from  Easter,  16 14.  Licence  to  hold 
ay  market  and  a  fair  on  the  eve,  day,  and  morrow  of  SS.  Philip  and  Jacob,  at  Balliclare, 


Audley, — See  pp.  79,  135,  268.  The  $00  acres 
ed  to  Lord  Audley  lay  also  in  Up|>er  Oner,  ad- 
r  Garret  Moore's  proportion. 
Williams. — On  the  6th  of  June,  1609,  there  is  the 
note  from  the  council  in  London  to  Chichester  : 
\  have  been  willing  to  gratify  the  bearer,  Sir 
Villiams,  in  his  suit  for  some  certain  proportion 
n  the  Ulster  plantation,  because  of  his  long 
Ireland,  only  that  it  would  have  disordered  the 
:  down  for  that  plantation.  They,  therefore, 
to  his  [Chichester's]  consideration,  to  gratify  and 
him  as  he  best  may. "  This  undertaker's  pro- 
y  on  the  border  between  the  two  sections  of 
ict  known  as  Orrierowtra  and  Orriereitra.  It  is 
d  on  the  map  as  entirely  free  from  woods  and 
•  Thomas  Williams  ranked  among  those  **  ser- 
in pay  and  willing  to  undertake." 
'bourchier. — Son  of  Sir  Geo.  Bourchier,  who 
master  of  the  Ordnance  before  Sir  Oliver 
Captain  John  Bourchier  ranked  among  those 
ho  **were  willing  to  undertake  of  themselves 
helps  and  encouragements."     In  January,  1610, 


he  sought  payment  from  the  Government  of  his  father's 
arrears  of  pay,  which  amounted  to  1,369/.,  and  the  lands 
in  Orier  were  probably  given  as  in  part  an  equivalent. 

(213).  Cooke. — This  undertaker,  whose  o/tVir  appears  to 
have  been  Gray^  although  comparatively  young  in  the 
Irish  service,  had  something  special  to  commend  him  to 
Chichester,  who  wrote  both  to  Salisbury  and  Dudley 
Norton,  in  November  1609,  asking  them  to  favour  Cooked 
suit,  whatever  it  may  have  been.  He  appears  to  have 
been  engaged  in  some  conspiracy  with  certain  Romanists, 
whom  he  betrayed,  or  perhaps  falsely  acaised,  and  in  this 
way  secured  the  Irish  Deputy's  sympathy.  **  Durham, 
April  16,  1604.  Examination  of  Francis  Gray,  alieu 
Cooke,  late  of  Norwich  :  Became  a  Papist  through  the 
persuasion  of  Edward  Browne,  but  refused  to  join  him  in 
a  murder,  &c.,  and  was  assaulted  by  him."  (See  Calendar 
of  State  Papers ^  Domestic  Series,  1 603- 10,  p.  95).  His 
proportion  lay  in  'Orrieryetra,'  adjoining  that  of  Sir 
Oliver  St.  John.  It  was  separated  from  Oneilan  by  the 
'Coosher,'  although  at  least  one  townland  belonging  to  it 
lay  on  the  Oneilan  bank  of  that  nver. 


312  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

— rent,  6s.  Sd.  Irish.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  oxstle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject 
to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     30  November,  8th  [16 10]. 

7.  Grant  to  Charles  Poynts  (214),  gent.  The  lands  of  Brenoge,  one  balliboe  ;  two-third  pons 
of  Listray  balliboe ;  in  all,  200  acres.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Brennoge^  with  100 
acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  i/.  125.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castkof 
Dublin,  in  common  socage.     30  November,  8th  [1610]. 

8.  Grant  to  Mannaduke  Wliitechurcli^  Esq.  The  lands  of  Ballymacdermott,  containing  one 
balliboe,  120  acres;  rent,  16^.  3^.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  commoo 
socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     28  February,  8th  [1610-11]. 

9.  Grant  to  Captain  Hairy  Adderton.  This  was  a  re-grant  in  perpetuity  of  lands  whidi  had 
been  previously  granted  to  Adderton  or  Atherton,  for  a  term  of  years,  as  constable  or  keqxr  of 
the  fort  of  Mountnorris.     These  lands  amounted  to  300  acres,  the  rent  for  which  was  48J. 

Natives. 

1.  Grant  to  Arte  McBaron  GNeiU  [half  brother  to  the  Earl  of  T3nx>ne]  and  his  wife  die 
towns  and  lands  of  Lawhill,  Teocrum,  Carrickesticky,  Cleyquoine,  Aghedonewan,  CcnigilleiiDe, 
Shean,  Clarechill,  and  Leballimore,  one  balliboe  each  ;  Ballikeile,  one  and  "/,  balliboe ;  7«  ^  *^ 
balliboe  of  Aghnecloghmullen  ;  V4  of  the  balliboe  of  Corkinegaliog ;  Latebii^gedy  and  MondivD^^ 
one  balliboe  each  ;  Tavonamulchreeny,  one  and  Y,  balliboe ;  Mullabane,  one  balliboe ;  Shanrow^c, 
one  balliboe ;  '/>  the  balliboe  of  Carrickecorke ;  in  all,  2,000  acres.     Rent,  2 1/.  6.f.  %d,  English, 
28/.  8j.  ioJJ^.  Irish.     To  hold  during  the  natural  lives  of  them  and  the  survivor  of  them.     13  Ji 
9th  [161 1]. 

2.  Grant  to  Henry  McShaue  ONeale.  The  lands  of  Kamlough,  Ballinecrosse,  Bailiff*'' 
rickabrackan,  Ballimaghemehelle,  Ballicharrickcruppan,  Balliradromgower,  BallichorchkjgiV  ^ 
Ballinessvarieytra,  Ballinessvariotra,  Ballitullomony,  Ballilecky,  and  Derrymore,  each  one  baUib«>* 
and  the  half  balliboe  of  Dromhernie ;  in  all,  1,500  acres.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castkr  ^ 
Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ukter.  Rwit,  *■  ^ 
English. 

3.  Grant  to  Tiria^h  Grootne  CHanion,  gent  The  towns  and  lands  of  Aghteraghan,  o»* 
balliboe;  and  the  '/e  of  Nedemy  balliboe;  in  all,  140  acres.  Rent,  i/.  gx.  iid.  English.  Toholrf 
forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage. 

4.  Grant  to  Sliane  Mc Shane   O'Hanion,  gent,  7^  of  Nedemy  balliboe ;   100  acres.    RA 

i/.  IX.  4//.  English.  | 

5.  Grant  to  Shane  McOghie  O'Haniott,  ^ent,  Ve  of  Bally- Yenan  balliboe;  100 acres.  Re* 
i/.  IX.  4//.  English. 

(214).  Poynts. — This  undertaker,  only  then  a  short  time      and  influential  settler,  naming  hb  little 


in  the  servitor  class,  was  a  son  of  .Sir  John  Poyntz  of      became  Uxvert  •ftc  the  old  fiunily 

Acton,  in  Gloucestershire.     Although  he  had  but  small      The  two  baUiboet  meotioiied  m  this  small  fitM  1^  ^ 
beginnings  in  the  barony  of  Orier,  he  proved  a  very  active      'Onieiyetia,*  bounded  on  one  tide  \j  the  ^ — 


I 

J 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES.  313 

6.  Grant  to  Oghie  Oge  O'Hanlon's  two  sons,  Felim  and  Brian^  gents.    Ballinelick,  one  balliboe ; 
e  half  of  Tawny-yocagh  and  Raconnel  balliboes  j  in  all,  240  acres.     Rent,  2/.  i  is,  3^.  English. 

7.  Grant  to  Rorie  McFerdoragh  OHanlon^  gent,  the  town  and  lands  of  Corlosty,  120  acres, 
ent,  i/.  5J.  &/. 

8.  Grant  to  Shane  Oge  Mc Shane  Roe  O'Hanlon^  gent.,  the  town  and  lands  of  Corcrom,  120 
res.     Rent,  i/.  5^.  Zd, 

9.  Grant  to  Carbery  McCan^  gent,  BallituUinecross,  Reaghan,  and  Ballycullin,  one  balliboe 
x:h ;  in  all,  360  acres.     Rent,  3/.  idf.  \od, 

10.  Grant  to  Donell  McCan,  gent.,  the  parcel  of  Caronare,  being  7,  of  a  balliboe ;  80  acres 
.ent,  1 7  J.  2d. 

11.  Grant  to  Patrick  McManus  C  If  anion,  and  Ardell  Moore  CMulchrewe,  the  half  of 
^comvell  balliboe,  and  Crevagh,  one  sessiogh,  120  acres.     Rent,  i/.  5^.  8^. 

12.  Grant  to  Redmond  McFardoragh  GHanlon,  the  half  of  Crenaghmore,  60  acres, 
ent,  12^.  10^. 

13.  Grant  to  Con  McTirlagh  \0'Neill\  gent,  Ballydoghertie,  Lees,  and  Skeoghtellet,  one 
iliboe  each;  in  all,  360  acres.     Rent,  3/.  16^.  10^. 

14.  Grant  to  Brian  McFelim  Roe  Mc  Donell,  Hugh  McCarbery  G'Neale,  and  Shane  McTirlagh 
^eale,  Carrickebracke,  one  balliboe ;  half  the  balliboe  of  Rathcarbrie  ;  '/«  P^^^  ^^  ^^^  balliboe  of 
►snelie  ;  and  '/e  part  of  the  balliboe  of  Dromnibeg ;  in  all,  240  acres.     Rent,  2/.  i  is,  ^d, 

15.  Grant  to  Mulmory  McDonell,  Arte  McTirlagh  ONeale,  and  NecUe  McTirlagh  O'Neale, 
>-ts.,  the  two  Dowvamaghs,  being  two  balliboes,  containing  240  acres.     Rent,  2/.  iis,  ^d, 

16.  Grant  to  Felim  Oge  Mc  Donell,  gent.,  five-sixth  parts  of  the  balliboe  of  CuUentra,  containing 
>  acres.     Rent,  i/.  is,  ^d„ 

17.  Grant  to  Donough  Reogh  O'Hagan,  gent,  five-sixth  parts  of  the  balliboe  of  Balligorman, 
*^^ning  100  acres.     Rent,  i/.  \s,  4^/. 

18.  Grant  to  Calvagh  McDonell,  gent.,  Ballinelare,  one  balliboe,  containing  120  acres.     Rent, 

19.  Grant  to  Laughlin  CHagan,  gent.,  Lisnagree,  one  balliboe,  contaming  120  acres.     Rent, 
Si.  8^. 

20.  Grant  to  Edmond  Groome  McDonell,  Ys  part  of  the  balliboe  of  Ballyneany,  and  '/„  parts  of 
^  balliboe  of  Dromanterogan ;  in  all,  80  acres.     Rent,  1 7^.  2d, 

21.  Grant  to  Alexander  Oge  Mc  Donell,  Yg  parts  of  the  balUboe  of  Ballyneany,  containing  ^2i 
cres.     Rent,  17J.  2d. 

22.  Grant  to  Brian  Oge  O^Hagan,  gent  Five-sixth  parts  of  the  balliboe  of  Rahelly  and 
Ballinderry,  containing  100  acres.     Rent,  i/.  is.  j^d. 

23.  Grant  to  Colla  McArte  McDonell,  gent.,  one-sixth  part  of  the  balliboe  of  CuUentra ;  the 

le  of  Gorman;  the  like  of  Rahelly;  the  like  of  Dema;  Yw  parts  of  the  balliboe  of  Dromanterogan; 

3d  Y3  of  Ballinekillen ;  in  all,  120  acres.     Rent,  i/.  5^.  %d. 
p  I 


314  THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

24.  Grant  to  Donough  Oge  McMurphie,  gent,  Cashell,  one  balliboe  ;  and  half  the  balliboe 
Aghelegenecreene ;  in  all,  180  acres.     Rent,  i/.  185.  6d, 

25.  Grant  to  Donnell  McHenry  aNeih,  Felim  McTirlagh  Brasselagh  \(yNeiU\  and 
Valley  [Owen  Ballagli]  ffNeyle,  and  Edmond  Oge  &  Donnelly,  The  lands  of  Towlargan,  Cloix^ 
goragh,  and  Killinemory,  one  balliboe  each ;  Carrickecoan,  Y4  parts  of  a  balliboe ;  Ardry,  V4  V^x- 1 
of  a  balliboe  ;  in  all,  540  acres.     Rent,  5/.  i6i.  8//. 

26.  Grant  to  Owen  McHugh  O'Neale,  gent.     The  lands  of  Aghadamph,  one  balliboe ;  aa  ^ 
Moyfoner,  one  balliboe  ;  in  all,  240  acres.     Rent,  2/.  i  is,  od, 

27.  Grant  to  Hugh  McTirlagh  O'Neale,  Art  McTirla^  ONeale,  and  Henry  McTHrk^J^ 
O^Neale,  The  lands  known  as  Aghtubburin,  one  balliboe  ;  half  the  balliboe  of  Aghelegenecneoe  ? 
and  half  the  balliboe  of  Carrickecorck ;  in  all,  240  acres.  Rent,  2/.  i  is,  od,  [These  three  brothers 
were  sons  of  Sir  Tirlagh  McHenry  O^Neill  of  the  Fewes]. 

28.  Grant  to  Ran'e  Mc Patrick  McCan,  gent.  The  balliboe  called  Ca]Ticknegawnagha«> 
containing  120  acres.     Rent,  i/.  5^.  M, 

29.  Grant  to  Brian,  son  of  Melaghlin,  son  of  Art  O'Neale,  gent  The  half  balliboe  called 
Clonmult,  containing  60  acres.     Rent,  i2x,  lod. 

30.  Grant  to  Patrick  Moder  \OHanlonl\  gent  The  lands  of  Ballygargan,  one  balliboi^^ 
containing  1 20  acres.     Rent,  i/.  51.  M, 

31.  Grant  to  Cormack  McTirlc^gh  Brassilagh^  gent  The  lands  of  Lismeige,  <Hie  ballibff^T 
containing  120  acres.     Rent,  i/.  55.  8^. 

32.  Grant  to  Tirlagh  Oge  McTirlagh  Brasselagh,  gent  The  lands  constituting  the  half  of  tta* 
balliboe  called  Creanmore,  amounting  to  60  acres.     Rent,  12s,  Sd. 

33.  Grant  to  Neece  Quin,  Creaghan,  one  balliboe,  containing  120  acres.     Rent,  1/  5^.  8/ 

34.  Grant  to  Hugh  McGilleduffe^  gent.  The  lands  of  Dromnesepgh,  containing  one  ballibo« ; 
120  acres.     Rent,  i/.  5^.  %d. 

35.  Grant  to  Felim  OQuin^  Y^  parts  of  the  balliboe  of  Brackelagh,  containing  100  acres 
Rent,  i/.  IX.  4//. 

36.  Grant  to  Cahier  O'Mellan^  gent.,  V3  parts  of  the  balliboe  of  lissenuske,  and  "/« thcbaMiboe 
of  Dromenleg,  containing  100  acres.     Rent,  i/.  \s,  41/. 

37.  Grant  to  Hugh  McBrian  AfcCan,  Y3  part  of  the  balliboe  of  Lissenuske,  and  half  t^^ 
balliboe  of  Dromhemie,  containing  80  acres.     Rent,  i/.  is,  \d, 

38.  Grant  to  Carherie  Oge  McCan  and  Toole  McFelim  McCann,  Shraghananui,  and "/«  V^^ 
Brackelagh,  containing  160  acres.     Rent,  i/.  14?.  41/. 

39.  Grant  to  Ardill  McFelim  OHanlon^    gent.,  '/a  P^^^s  of  the  balliboe  of  Dromealcfei 
containing  80  acres.     Rent,  1 71.  2d, 

These  natives,  although  holding  such  small  portions  of  land,  held  them  on  the  same  temo 
as  the  other  more  fortunate  undertakers,  i,e.^  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  conunon  socage^  nd 
subject  to  the  conditions  generally  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.  They  got  their  patents  for  the  mo* 
part  in  16 10,  but  a  few  of  those  mentioned  above  did  not  obtain  them  until  the  beginning  of  161L 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


315 


II.  The  Precinct  of  Donganon,  county  of  Tyrone. 

Servitors. 
Grant  to  Sir  Arthur  Chichester ^  the  Lord  Deputy  (215).  The  castle  and  site  of  Dungannon^ 
I  water-mill  and  water-course  in  or  near  the  same,  and  all  the  lands  in  the  precinct  of 
non,  viz.,  Ya  part  of  the  balliboe  of  Dungannon,  extending  from  the  castle  north  and  north- 
>on  which  the  castle  is  built ;  ^3  parts  of  the  balliboe  of  Kenemeale  ;  Crosse,  one  balliboe ; 
one  balliboe ;  Doongorman,  one  balliboe  ;  Killernin,  one  balliboe  ;  Colchils,  2  balliboes ; 
ren,  one  balliboe;  Moycashell,  Knocksallagh,  Dirricreevy,  Colcoish,  and  Lisganie,  one 
each ;  Mullireogh,  2  balliboes ;  Lismacdermott,  Donatade,  Dromenhugh,  Draghvane,  and 
,  one  balliboe  each  ;  Tempane,  2  balliboes  ;  in  all,  1,320  acres.  The  premises  are  created 
lor  of  Dungannon,  with  a  demesne  of  400  acres,  and  a  court  baron.     Rent,  10/.  iix.  4//. 

To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.  14  Jan.,  8th  [16 10]. 
Grant  to  Sir  Thomas  Ridgcway  (216),  vice-treasurer,  and  treasurer  at  war  in  Ireland.  The 
Dportion  of  Largie,  containing  the  lands  of  Mullanehome,  Mullasolus,  Dromon,  Cloncroe, 
ghereclogh,  Tantawnagh,  Latm<^morough,  Garvagh,  and  Cavan-Ineale,  one  balliboe  each  ; 
romsluggie ;  T>Tehurnyne,  Lisgaudhane,  and  Dirricreeny,  one  balliboe  each  ;  Clonecroe, 
»oe ;  Cavangalgreene,  Tullavara,  Lochane,  and  Skeagh,  one  balliboe  each ;  Tonlarga,  one 
balliboe ;  Tireluggane,  2  balliboes ;  Aghmoylan,  Glastroman,  Carrickelawghill,  Leganagh, 
^thhahie,  Tulliblintie,  Clonekeame,  Croby,  Clonedaughy,  Adanekerragh,  Dirrinebawn, 
iboe  each;  in  all,  2,000  acres.  The  two  balliboes  of  Clankill  and  Glackelahane  are  excepted 
s  grant.  The  premises  are  created  into  the  manor  of  Ridgwaie,  with  6do  acres  in  demesne, 
)urt  baron.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     3  Dec,  8th 


Grant  to  Sir  Richard  Wing  field  {21  ^),  Knight^  marshall  of  the  army.      The  castle  and 


Deputy. — Chichester  was  expecting  to  have  3,000 
nd  Dungannon,  and  gave  vent  to  his  disappoint- 

0  uncertain  terms  on  finding  that  he  was  partly 
)ut,  and  could  only  get  1,320.  He  complained 
he  natives  of  Tyrone  had  got  too  little  land,  and 
of  them  as  had  been  so  fortunate  as  to  get  even 
n  that  little,  should  be  all  crowded  into  the 
'  Dungannon.  On  Chichester's  projxjrtion  the 
of  the  O'Neills  at  Dungannon  is  marked,  with 
hes,  one  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  castle, 
iher  at  a  little  distance,  in  a  balliboe  or  town- 
?d  Tannagh.  The  map  also  represents  this 
i  having  a  due  amount  of  wood  and  bog. 

Ridgnvay. — See  pp.  264,  265.     The  large-sized 

1  here  granted  to  Ridgeway  is  represented  on 
5  abounding  in  woods  and  bogs.     It  lay  along 

course  of  the  Blackwater,  from  the  point  where 
enters  the  barony  of  Dungannon  to  the  boundary 
rbime.  In  the  centre  of  this  proportion,  there 
IS  church  marked  on  the  map  at  a  place  called 

Wingfield, — This  undertaker  was  amongst  the 
nguished  of  the  servitor  class.     He  belonged  to 


the  Wingfield  family  of  Letheringham,  in  the  county  of 
Suffolk,  which  family  is"  believed  to  have  represented  an 
older  branch  seated  at  Wingfield,  in  the  same  county,  before 
the  Conquest.  Sir  Richard  commenced  his  career  underthe 
auspices  of  his  uncle.  Sir  William  Fitzwilliam,  the  noto- 
riously money-loving  Lord  Deputy  of  Ireland,  whose  ad- 
ministration forms  one  of  the  most  disastrous  periods  in 
the  history  of  this  country  (see  pp.  38,  53).  Sir  Richard 
Wingfield  was  appointed  Marshal  of  Ireland  by  Queen 
Elizabeth,  in  1600,  and  after  the  close  of  the  war,  and  the 
subsequent  defeat  of  0*Dogherty,  he  was  frequently  in 
Ulster  at  the  head  of  a  formidable  force  required  to  keep 
the  northern  Irish  in  order  whilst  their  lands  were  being 
confiscated,  surveyed,  and  set  apart  for  the  occupation  of 
strangers.  Wingfield  was  created  Viscount  Powerscourt 
in  1618,  and  died  in  1634,  his  estates  devolving  upon  his 
cousin,  Sir  Edward  Wingfield,  who  had  served  under 
Robert  Earl  of  Essex.  His  proportion  in  the  barony  of 
Dungannon  lay  principally  along  the  southern  border, 
and  was  bounded  by  the  Blackwater,  which  separated  its 
lands  from  those  in  the  county  of  Armagh.  On  the  map, 
the  old  stronghold  of  the  O'Neills  at  Benburb  has  due 
prominence  ;  and  this  proportion  is  represented  as  a  region 
of  woods,  lakes,  and  bogs. 


3^6 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


town  of  Benburbe,   and  other   lands  adjacent,  containing  Benburbe,  otherwise  Faiegh,    Moy^ 
Tullydony,  Fedulla,  and  Dromcoose,  each  being  '/j  of  a  balliboe ;   Lemneagh,  "/«  a  ballibc^^ 
Sessioghmagerrill,  '/a  o^  ^  balliboe;  Killfeddy, '/,  of  a  balliboe;  Lismelgenan,  one  balliboe;  Lissdisi}^ 
Cormagh,    Killnegrewe,    Lisegatt,    Cooledorrough,    and    Currinbegg,   each    "/j    of  a    balliboe; 
Lisnecroigh,  "/,   balliboe ;   Garvaghie,  "^  balliboe ;  Drumflugh,  Dirivanan,  Lbbane,   DirripuhMrv 
each  7a  balliboe ;  Kilgobbin,  '/a  balliboe ;  Macemore,  '/,  balliboe ;  Dromy,  7a  balliboe ;   Tirescolbe* 
Dirricreeny,  Carrowbegg,  Quiggilie,  Croobanagh,  Sawanaghanroe,  and  Carcalman,  one  ballib^^ 
each;    Tounagh,  7^  ^^illiboe ;    Taghcawsannagh,   7a  balliboe;    Corr,   Broghatoy,   Dronionovti»v 
Crewe,    Sierley,    one     balliboe    each;    Dromshraghad,    2   balliboes;     Mullicaman,     Mullidilf* 
Doonsirke,  Coolekeren,  Dromgoole,  and  Dromonyeghtra,  one  balliboe  each ;  Shanmoigh,  Roanr, 
Colchill,  and  Boallane,  7a  balliboe  each ;  in  all,  2,000  acres.     The  premises  are  created  into  th^ 
manor  of  Benburbe,  with  600  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.     Rent,  16/.     To  hold  forewr» 
as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin.     3  Dec,  8th  [16 10]. 

4.  Grant  to  Sir  Toby  CaleJUld  (21%),  Knight.  The  lands  of  Glassmullagh,  Monyshadtfteny* 
Dromhirke,  Riscor,  Stackernagh,  Aghloske,  Dromnefame,  Killglasse,  and  Creeve,  one  baOilxNS 
each ;  Cullenrawer,  7a  balliboe  ;  Glasstromen,  7a  balliboe  ;  MuUabane,  Lissogalen,  and  Dromcor* 
7,  balliboe  each  ;  Tulliallen  and  Killolevin,  one  balliboe  each ;  Ballyward,  7»  balliboe ;  DerrikUv 
one  balliboe ;  Goory,  7a  balliboe ;  Agheantubber,  7a  balliboe ;  and  Cessefoigh,  "/j  of  a  balliboe  » 
in  all,  1,000  acres.  The  premises  are  created  the  mannor  of  Aghloske,  with  300  acres  in  demesne* 
and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  8/.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  comrao«» 
socage.     20  Jan.,  8th. 

5.  Grant  to  Sir  Francis  Roc  (219),  Knight     The  lands  of  Gortanalla,  Moyry,  Allon, 
Gallcossagh,      Dromonlart,     Owterard,      Dromballyhugh,      Moynagh,      Mullaboy, 
Anaghawla,  Laughie,  Tullyva,  Tullydoner,  and  Kilcleagh,  one  balliboe  each  ;  with  7,  parts  of 
balliboe  of  Comelonan ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.     The  premises  are  created  into  the  manor  of  Ro^ 
with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.     Rent,  8/.  English.      To  hold  forever,  as  of  tte 
castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     28  Feb.,  8th. 

Natives. 
I.  Grant  to   Tirlagh  (yNeale  (220)  of  Caslane,  Esq.     The  towns  and  lands  of  Obfacfaa- 


(218).  Calefidd. — This  name  has  been  long  written 
Caulficld.  The  Hrst  l)carer  of  it  in  Ireland  is  said  to  have 
come  oritjinally  from  Oxfordshire,  but  not  much  appears 
to  have  l^een  known  about  his  family.  He  [Sir  Toby 
Caulficld],  however,  served  the  Queen  well  and  gallantly, 
first  in  Spain,  then  in  the  Low  Countries,  and  lastly  in 
Ulster.  Among  the  numerous  adventurers  coming  here 
during  the  war  with  Hugh  O'Neill,  no  one,  i)erhaps,  was 
more  fortunate  than  Sir  Toby.  After  an  uninterrupted 
career, — from  about  1606  to  1620, — he  wisely  made  a 
surrender  in  the  last-named  year  of  the  various  fragments 
of  his  lands,  getting  out  a  renewal  of  the  whole  in  one 
patent,  dated  July  12,  so  that  *'an  indefectible  estate  in 
all  his  lands  might  remain  to  him  and  his  heirs,"  in  the 


several  counties  of  Armagh,  Tyrone,  Monag^Hi,  Demi 
Antrim,  Louth,  Cavan,  Femumagh,  and  DoocgpL  Hi 
estates  contained  every  variety  of  landed  propeftj,  far  kl 
had  extensive  grants  of  rich  abbef  lands,  and  he  lit  t 
patent  also  of  sdl  the  mountains  in  Ulster,  as  luiki  alBwa 
m  the  plantation  of  this  province.  He  died  nnmaiiielB 
the  year  1627,  at  the  age  of  62  ;  and  all  hbgettiapval 
principally  to  his  nephew,  the  son  of  a  Dr.  Janes  CiA- 
Held. 

(219).  Francis  Ros, — See  p.  248. 

(220).  Tirlagh  O'l^eale, — This  gentleman,  adaiBil 
as  an  undertaker,  was  styled  as  of  Caslane,  or  At 
castle,  his  new  residence  in  the  barony  of  Doncauim.  fo 
previous  references  to  Tiriafli  OT 


GRANTS    AND    GRANTEES. 


317 


rtenhugh,  Doonamona,  Cormullagh,  Legilly,  Aghenecartee,  Broghasley,  and  Tullabaltiny, 
ne  balliboe ;  Tian,  one  and  7»  balliboe ;  Crbssdeely,  Mullatawa,  Dromneshalge,  Mullicari 
rrilateneigh,  one  balliboe  each ;  Cloghernagh,  one  and  7a  balliboe ;  Cadan  and  Droignan, 
illiboe  each ;  Gortawlattimuck,  2  balliboes ;  Knockneroy,  Graghsmoddan,  MuUiruddaji, 
;rine,  Edanteeroan,  Caslan,  Cramkslagh,  Mullamosa,  Knockenuary,  Dirrinavor}-,  I^neliss- 
Cullintra,  Drorafaddadoan,  Dirrinagh,  Tullimony,  and  Lisdouart,  one  balliboe  each ;  Lisbeg 
dmolywghy,  one  balliboe ;  Tullahugh  and  Legaroe,  one  balliboe ;  Martiry,  Lisfierty,  and 
eragh,  one  balliboe ;  Crievanagh,  Va  balliboe ;  Inishmaghee,  Aghnewoha,  l\illavarnc, 
tillin,  and  Bocad,  one  balliboe  each ;  Ballaghnacally,  Derinacranlon,  and  Lurgeboy,  2 
ts ;  Cormcgillamarten,  Dirnenah,  and  Dirinesiro,  one  balliboe  each ;  Y,  of  the  balliboe  of 
dy ;  Cornemaddy,  one  balliboe ;  and  in  Largileagh,  30  acres.  The  foregoing  all  in  the 
of  Dungannon.  This  grant  included  also  the  following  lands  in  the  barony  of  Cloghcr, 
illabren,  Balliveddan,  and  Dromrourke,  one  balliboe  each ;  in  all,  3,330^  acres.  Rent,  35/. 
.  English.  The  premises  created  the  manor  of  Caslan,  with  700  acres  in  demesne ;  power 
:e  tenures  ;  a  court  baron  ;  and  a  Wednesday  market  at  Caslan,  with  the  usual  customs — 
•  the  latter,  6s.  Sd.  Irish.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage. 

i2th  [1614]. 

Grant  to  A'ea/  O'NeaUy  Esq.  [brother  of  the  above].  The  towns  and  lands  of  Enis, 
;van,  Clonfollo,  Coolekill,  Mullinehinchin,  Cabragh,  Neshee,  AghcandufF,  one  balliboe 
TuUavanen  and  Eskemegrewgoge,  one  balliboe ;  Faceglassagh,  Cappoge,  Farraghter,  and 
keagh,  each  one  balliboe ;  Vj  of  Altneredy  balliboe ;  in  all,  800  acres.  Rent,  8/.  loj.  Zd, 
I.     9  December,  12  th  [16 14]. 


6.  His  grandfather  and  father, — Sir  Turlough 
1  and  Sir  Arthur  O'Neill, — had  royal  letters 
gthat  the  representatives  of  the^S/w/  Arte^  in  their 
>ns,  should  continue  to  inherit  all  the  lands  held 
Connelach  O'Neill  ;  but  now  this  Tirlagh,  the 
heir,  although  he  had  spent  most  of  his  days  in 
3n  the  side  of  the  Government,  was  forced  to  con- 
self  with  two  middle-sized  proportions,  and  not 

his  native  district  ;  whilst  his  three  brothers, 
^on,   and   Brian,  so  loyal  also   to  their  English 

had  only  one  middle  proportion,  or  500  acres 
stributed  amongst  them.  The  family  claimed 
)re,  however,  and  even  demanded  it.  Their  an- 
[iall  Connelach,  held,  besides  other  smaller  quan- 
e  eleven  bally betaghs,  or  eleven  thousand  Irish 
Slew-sheese,  so  named  from  the  mountain  range 
base  these  lands  lay.     Tirlagh,  the  eldest  brother, 

London  to  forward  as  much  as  possible  his 
laim.  but  he  could  get  no  better  terms  than  those 
lioned.  After  h's  return,  the  council  in  London 
Chichestc"  on  the  last  day  of  April,  1610,  refer- 
this  matt^.:  in  substance,  as  follows: — "They 
nd  the  bearer,  Tyrlogh  O'Nealc,  eldest  son  of 
ir  O'Nealc,  knight,  for  two  middle  proportions 
rcinct  of  Dungannon  in  Tyrone.     He  besought 

council  in  London]  for  all  the  lands  in  Ulster 
ew-sheese,    which  formerly  belonged  to   Neale 


Conelaugh  O'Neale,  his  grandfather  [great-grandfather], 
and  were  intended  to  be  conveyed  in  her  late  Majesty's 
grant  in  the  29th  year  of  her  reign,  to  Tyrlogh  [Luineach] 
O'Neale,  and  to  Arthur  O'Neale,  petitioner  s  father.  Of 
these  lands  he  only  has  a  custody  grant  [a  custodiam] 
from  him  [Chichester]  of  the  castles  of  Strabane  and 
Newton,  with  some  ballybetaghs  of  land  belonging  to 
them.  But  this  the  plantation  would  not  admit  of.  He 
now  prays  that  he  may  have,  in  addition  to  the  two 
proportions  they  have  recommended  for  him,  the  castles 
of  Benburb  and  Knockicligh,  in  the  barony  of  Dungannon; 
but  this  they  leave  altogether  to  his  [Chichester  s]  judg- 
ment, as  to  him  is  left  the  placing  of  the  natives.  Con- 
sidering his  [Tirlagh 's]  acceptable  services,  and  that  he 
has  humbly  submitted  to  his  Majesty's  pleasure  for  has 
transplantation,  they  hope  he  may  be  extraordinarily 
respected  in  the  greatness  of  his  proportion,  and  in  the 
choice  of  a  good  seat  for  his  greater  comfort.  One  other 
middle  proportion  in  the  barony  of  Dunginnon  should  be 
divided  among  the  threeothersonsof  Sir  Arthur  O'Neale, 
viz.,  Neale  O  Neale,  Con  O'Neale,  and  Bryan  O'Neale.** 
Such,  then,  was  the  result.  The  four  loyal  sons  of  this 
once  great  family  must  be  moved  from  their  lands,  and 
even  from  their  own  native  place,  to  make  way  for  certain 
'*  Scotchmen"  who  had  fancied  to  plant  there — theae 
Scotchmen  being  principally  the  Earl  of  Abercom  and  his 
connexions. 


3i8 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


3.  Grant  to  Bryan  ONeale,  gent.,  [brother  of  the  t>vo  preceding  grantees].  The  towns 
lands  of  Clonmoddie,  Racline,  Altglassan,  Donoghy,  Creevy,  and  Moghan,  one  balliboe  eac^  ( 
with  10  acres  in  the  balliboe  of  Largieleagh;  in  all,  370  acres.  Rent,  3/.  \%s,  \\d,  9  Deceml:)^ 
1 2th  [16 1 4]. 

4.  Grant  to  Catherine  Ny  Neale  (221),  wife  of  the  late  Terence  or  Tirlagh  Oge  O'Neale,  zd^ 
now  [161 3]  wife  of  Robert  Hovenden,  gent.  The  following  towns  and  lands  in  the  territory  <rf 
Mointerbirne,  co.  Tyrone,  viz.,  Drommurre  and  Lisnaloghoge,  one  sessiogh  each;  Kinard, 
Carrickaconablie,  and  Edinadeenard,  one  balliboe ;  Kiltegawanagh  and  Tawnaghatallin,  one 
balliboe;  Annaghgawlen  and  Kiltecamue,  one  balliboe;  TuUinashingan,  one  balliboe; 
[Dirriecrantohan],  one  balliboe ;  Mollinamanagh  and  Kilsamoge,  one  balliboe ;  Coologor,  and 
Laghtm^^anab,  one  balliboe  each ;  Mollaghmosagh  and  Gower,  one  balliboe ;  Ravickett, 
Aghenisheightragh,  and  Aghenishowtragh,  one  balliboe  each ;  in  all,  700  acres.  This  giant 
included  also  the  following  lands  in  the  territory  of  Towrany,  county  Armagh,  viz.,  Corrafinghna, 
Coolekill,  Kilcanavan,  Ratrelick,  Dromgarne,  ShantuUy,  [Ardgonnell],  Feduffe,  Nacknockbana, 
and  Shankill,  Dromquoise  and  Cluntyecraghlin,  Gortfadda,  Sk)Tre,  Crosdaleitragh,  Crosdaloutiagh, 
[Raconmure],  and  Glasdromen,  each  one  balliboe  ;  total  1,600  acres.  To  hold  all  the  premises  to 
her  own  use,  for  the  term  of  ten  years ;  remainder  to  Felimy  Roe  O'Neale,  son  and  heir  of  the 
said  Tirlagh. 

To  the  said  Catherine,  mother  of  the  said  Felimy  Roe  [afterwards  the  Irish  leader  in  1641I 
were  granted  the  following  lands  in  the  territory  of  Mointerbirne,  viz.,  Ciarekill,  one  sessiogh; 
Dirrigoolie,  Dromasse,  and  Laraghteen-Larahken,  one  balliboe;  Giney,  Laune,  and  Towlaghtackl^ 
one  balliboe  ;  Mollaghmore,  one  balliboe ;  Kedeagh  and  Creghan,  one  balliboe  ;  Annaghkneugh 


(221).  Ny  Neale, — This  lady  was  daughter-in-law 
to  Sir  Henry  Oge  O'Neill,  who  with  his  eldest  son, 
Tirlagh,  had  fallen  in  the  English  service  at  the  time  of 
O'Doghcrty's  revolt.  As  Sir  Henry,  however,  had  left 
other  sons  besides  this  Tirlagh,  it  was  wisely  recommended 
by  Chichester  that  the  familv  estates  should  be  divided 
amongst  them,  rather  than  tnat  Tirlagh's  son,  who  was 
then  only  a  child,  should  inherit  the  whole.  Although 
this  was  a  violation  of  the  law  of  succession,  as  introduced 
so  determinately  by  the  English  themselves,  yet  Chichester 
was  fain  to  act  upon  the  Irish  law  in  this  case  at  least,  as 
being  not  only  more  just,  but  more  likely  to  promote  the 
peace  of  the  district.  Having  laid  his  views  on  this 
point  before  the  authorities  in  Ix)ndon,  a  King's  letter  was 
issued  on  the  3rd  of  May,  161 1,  authorising  the  deputy 
**to  distribute  the  lands  of  Sir  Henry  Oge  among  his 
issue  male  and  their  heirs,  by  grants  under  the  Great  Seal, 
to  be  held  according  to  the  articles  of  the  new  plantation." 
On  the  last  day  of  March,  1612,  the  King  wrote  again  to 
Chichester  in  the  following  terms  : — *'Sir  Henry  Oge 
O'Neill,  knight,  lately  slain  in  the  King's  service  against 
the  traitor  O'Dogherty,  being  possessed  of  lands  in  the 
counties  of  Tyrone  and  Armagh,  under  letters  patent; 
which  ought  now  to  descend  to  his  grandchild,  nis  sur- 
viving heir ;  but  the  King  being  informed  by  his 
[Chichester's]  letters,  that  it  would  tend  to  the  quiet  of 
those  parts  if  the  said  lands  were  divided  in  some  con- 


venient manner  amongst  the  issue  male  ofthesiidStf 
Henry,  to  which  his  said  heir  will  consent,  he  [Chichestcrl 
is  authorised  to  accept  the  surrender  of  the  heir,  and  tif 
letters  patent  to  divide  the  said  lands  amongst  the  isiBB 
male  of  the  said  Sir  Henry  legitimate  or  [and]  ukgitimau^ 
as  he  shall  think  fit,  to  bie  held  by  each  of  them  aaci  hi* 
heirs,  forever,  or  for  such  estate,  and  at  such  rents  avi 
services  as  he  shall  think  fit     He  b  also  to  assaie  to  tb« 
wife  of  the  said  Sir  Henry  Oge,  and  to  the  wife  of  b*'' 
eldest  son,  deceased,  such  parcel  of  the  premises  doriaC 
their  lives  as  he  shall  think  fit"    Accordu^ly,  th«e«n^ 
grants  recorded  above  to  the  two  or  three  gnmdisoDS  of  sis' 
Henry  Oge,   to  his  several  surviving  loiis,  and  :o&i* 
daughter-in-law,   the  wife  of  his  deceased  eklest  too* 
during  her  life.    Sir  Henry  Qge's  widow  is  not  meatiaKii 
in  any  of  these  grants,  so  that  the  probabili^r  is  she  hid 
died  before  the  documents  were  prepared.     Eacfacnoieev 
it  will  be  observed,  gets  one  parcel  of  his  lands  in  TjfrOB^ 
and  the  other  in  Armagh — an   arrangement  inlfli^ 
perhaps,  to  evince  due  impartiality  in  thedistribatioi^ 
the  estate.     All  the  grantees,  howerer,  were  to  IwU  tf 
the  feudal  tenure  of  knight's  service,  which  was  an  vfa* 
arrangement ;  for  although  Sir  Henry  hcM  his  M 
thus,  nis  successors  being  oound  by  conditions  of  ^isOf 
tion,  ought  to  have  had  their  lands  by  the  tenint  of  fo 
and  common  socage. 


GRANTS   AND    GRANTEES.  319 

d  Gan^anagh,  one  balliboe  ;  in  all,  320  acres;  to  hold  to  her  own  use  for  life ;  remainder  to  the 
d  Felimy  Roe  O'Neale,  her  son,  and  his  heirs  forever.  Rent,  4/.  14s,  lod.  The  whole  premises 
I  created  into  the  manor  of  Kinard,  with  500  acres  in  demesne ;  a  power  to  create  tenures ;  to 
Id  a  court  baron ;  and  a  Monday  market  at  Kinard,  and  a  yearly  fair  there  on  the  loth  of  June ; 
th  a  court  of  pie-powder,  and  the  usual  tolls;  rent,  ly,  4//.  Irish.  To  hold  in  capite^  by  the 
•vice  of  one  knight's  fee. 

5.  Grant  to  Tirlagh  Oge  (yNeale^  gent,  [brother  of  Felimy  Roe,  aforesaid],  the  following  lands 
the  territory  of  Touranny\  co.    Armagh,  viz.,    Cornafefie,    one   balliboe;    Cornagillagh,  and 

llcauce,  one  balliboe ;  Tullibrickeitragh,  one  balliboe ;  and  Tullibrickowtragh,  one  balliboe ; 
all,  400  acres.     Rent,  8/.     In  capiiCy  by  the  40th  part  of  a  knight^s  fee. 

6.  Grant  to  Neal  Roe  ONealCy  the  following  lands  in  the  territory  of  Mointerbirne,  Tyrone,  viz., 
me,  Aghatour,  and  Cran  ;  in  all,  200  acres.  Rent,  45.  To  hold  for  life  ;  remainder  to  the  said 
rlagh  and  his  heirs.     14  December,  nth  [16 13]. 

7.  Grant  to  Bryan  (yP^ealc^  gent.  In  Mointerbirne,  the  towns  and  lands  of  Bellagh^ 
jwnemcmea  Carrowlatt,  Commore,  Lyosomoyldayne,  Tawnagheleahane,  and  Agheyhireoffionna^ 
le  balliboe  each ;  Knockagoynywe,  Coillabeamy,  and  Cormanyore,  one  sessiogh  each ;  in  all> 
k)  acres.  This  grant  included  also  the  following  lands  in  Touranny,  Armagh,  viz.,  Porteleggan^ 
ollin,  Tulliglasse,  Cavandingine,  Coilltibretts,  Mullimore,  Doogerie,  Tolligloiseogovoun^ 
rewcorrin,  Lislanelly,  Knockcrannaslagh,  Carrakeleahean,  Dromharary,  the  Trim  and  Dromhillary^ 
le  balliboe  each;  in  all,  1,500  acres.     Rent,  3/.  \os,  English.     To  hold  forever  by  one  knight's  fee- 

8.  Grant  to  Neal  (y^Neale^  in  Towrany,  Armagh,  the  towns  and  lands  of  Doweragh  and 
mneragh,  one  balliboe  each  ;  in  all,  200  acres.  Rent,  45.  To  hold  by  the  40th  part  of  a 
eight's  fee. 

9.  Grant  to  Henry  ONeale^  gent  The  following  lands  in  Towrany  territory,  Armagh,  viz., 
ollaghknocke,  Ballenanenagh,  and  Balleloighadoine,  one  balliboe  each ;  in  all,  300  acres.  In 
3interbirne  territory,  Drommore,  one  balliboe  ;  60  acres ;  rent,  8j.      To  hold  by  the  like  tenure. 

10.  Grant  to  Charles  GNeale,  In  Towrany,  the  towns  and  lands  of  Cargagh ;  Mullilary, 
Ltenennamanragh,  one  balliboe  each;  in  all,  300  acres.  In  Mointerbirne,  Taghisillagh,  one 
Uiboe;  60  acres.     Rent,  6j.     To  hold  by  like  tenure. 

11.  Grant  to  Con  Boy  GNeale.  In  Mointerbirne  territory,  the  towns  and  lands  of  Crewlagh^ 
ollagh-Ineal,  Mullyturgh,  Coilemaile,  Deane,  Stragranie,  and  Coilmore,  one  balliboe  each; 
>lan,  one  sessiogh ;  Cloynedostie,  7,  sessiogh ;  and  Cloynestelloige,  '/,  sessiogh ;  in  all,  460 
res.  This  grant  included  also  the  following  lands  in  Tourany  territory,  viz.,  Ballenametagh- 
t^h,  Ballynametaghoughtragh,  Lisloughny,  Breaghwy,  Inshoge,  Draynackakein,  and  Cross- 
Tiinagh,  one  balliboe  each ;  in  all,  700  acres.  Total  rent,  2/.  2x.  od,  English.  To  hold  forever^ 
r  one  knight's  fee. 

12.  Grant  to  Hugh  ONeaie.  In  Moynterbime,  the  towns  and  lands  of  Inisdroine  and 
Dlleremonie,  one  balliboe  each ;  120  acres.  Rent,  45.  To  hold  forever,  by  the  40th  part  of  a 
igh  t's  fee.     1 4  December,  11  th  [1613]. 


320  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

13.  Grant  to  Robert  If  oven  Jen,  gent     Glanbeg  and  Galbolly,  one  balliboe  each;  and 
third  part  of  Largalea  balliboe  ;  in  all,  140  acres.     Rent,  i/.  los.  od,  English. 

14.  Grant  to  Don  ill  Mc Shane  [surnamed]   Mallatas^  gent      The   balliboe   of 
containing  60  acres.     Rent,  135'.  English. 

15.  Grant  to  Con  Boy  (JNealey  gent     Mullachteechaell  and  Killm<=Cardan,  one  balliboe 
in  all,  120  acres.     Rent,  i/.  6j.  od.  English. 

16.  Grant  to  Hugh  McDonell  GNeale,  gent     Skeagh,  one  balliboe;  60  acres.     Rent,   / 
English. 

17.  Grant  to  Cor  mock  AfcNemee,  gent     Bardacessiogh,  one  balliboe,  containing  60 
Rent,  13^.  English. 

18.  Grant  to  Tirlagh  Oge  McBrian  [0'Neale\  gent      TuUy,  one  balliboe,  containing  60 
Rent,  135. 

19.  Grant  to  Rorie  O' Gormeley,  gent    Killegewill,  one  balliboe,  containing  60  acres.   Rent,  i; 

20.  Grant  to  Jenkin  O'Devin,  gent      Dirrigortenhugh,  one  balliboe,  containing  60 
Rent,  1 3 J. 

21.  Grant  to  Henry  Oge  G  Necde,  gent     Gortmarran,  one  balliboe  in  Knockloigh,  containir^^-"K 
60  acres.     Rent,  13J. 

22.  Grant  to  Bryan  ONeale  and  NeaJe  Roe,     Kilmore,  one  balliboe,  containing  60  aciL-    ^^^ 
Rent,  13J. 

23.  Grant    to    Art    AfcRoiurie    GNeale,    gent      Dungarmannear-Silawran,    one    ballibor::^:^** 
containing  60  acres.     Rent,  i3J". 

24.  Grant  to  Hugh  Groome  O'Hagan,  gent     Gortnebolly,  one  balliboe,  containing  60  ^u\j^  ^^-s. 
Rent,  13^". 

25.  Grant  to  Art  McArte  O'Nealey  gent     One  of  the  two  balliboes  of  Teirglassog,  contauni-  ^Swf 
60  acres..     Rent,  13^. 

26.  Grant  to  Felim  McAmalian,  gent.      Ballinecarrigie,   one  balliboe  in  the  territoiy  ^ 
Terraghter,  containing  60  acres.     Rent,  13^. 

27.  Grant  to  Shane  McDonell  Groome  O'Donnilly,  gent     Gortoharim,  one  balliboe,  contain.  -" 
60  acres.     Rent,  i^s. 

28.  Grant  to  Shane  Roe  O'Ncale,  gent.     Ballineclognis,  containing  60  acres.     Rent*  ijt 

29.  Grant  to  James  McGumhenan,  gent.     Coolekeigan,   one  balliboe,  containing  60  acrei 
Rent,  1 3 J. 

30.  Grant    to    Henry  McNeal   McArte  \(yNeale\  gent       Dongellon,   one    balliboe ;    ui 
Lisadegany,  one  balliboe;  in  all,  120  acres.     Rent,  1/.  6j.  od. 

31.  Grant  to  Edmond  Oge  GHaggan,  gent.      Gortnedarragh  and  Clonborrowes,  one  baUibtt 
each;  in  all,  120  acres.     Rent,  i/.  6^.  od, 

32.  Grant  to  Murtagh  O'Quin,  gent      Tanagh  and  Dirrie,  one  balliboe  each;  in  all,  im 
acres.     Rent,  i/.  ds,  od. 

33.  Grant   to  Fardoragh    O'Haggan,  gent      Coigirry,  one  balliboe,  containing  60 
Rent,  1 3 J. 


GRANTS   AND    GRANTEES.  32 1 

34.  Grant  to  Hugh  Groonie  O Mulc?iallatu^  gent.,  Corcheill,  one  balliboe,  containing  60  acres. 
xt,  1 3 J. 

35.  Grant  to  Felim  Boy  (yHaggan^  gent,  Ballymoolon,  one  balliboe,  containing  60  acres. 
»t,  1 3 J. 

36.  Grant    to    NeaU '  (yQuin^  gent.,    Ballineloughy,   one    balliboe,    containing    60    acres. 

37.  Grant  to  Teige  McEdmond  Ogc  (yHagan^  Ballidromon,  one  balliboe,  containing  60  acres. 
nt,i3^. 

38.  Grant  io  James  Sheale^  gent.,  Tullygarrin  and  Corhill,  one  balliboe  each ;  in  all,  120  acres, 
nt,  i/.  6s.  od, 

39.  Grant  to  Owen  Roe  (y  Quirt ^  gent.,  Drumard  and  Monygower,  one  baliiboe  each  ;  one 
"t  in  three  of  the  balliboe  of  Comelanan ;  in  all,  140  acres.     Rent,  i/.  105.  od, 

40.  Grant  to  Bartholomew  Owen,  gent,  Knockclogh,  2  balliboes,  containing  120" acres.     Rent, 
ds,  od. 

41.  Grant  to  Gillaspick  McDonnell,  gent,  Anagh  and  Timoge,  one  balliboe  each  ;  in  q,ll,  120 
es.    Rent,  i/.  6^.  od. 

42.  Grant  to  Shane  McLaughlin  O'Donilly,  gent,  Sillawran,  containing  one  balliboe,  60  acres. 
nt,  1 3 J. 

43.  Grant  to  Owen  O'Corr,  gent,  Gortnegrallagh  and  Dirialsky,  one  balliboe  each  ;  in  all, 
^  acres.     Rent,  i/.  6s.  od. 

44.  Grant  to  Brian  ODei)elin,  gent,  Monigar  and  Knockfada,  one  balliboe  each  ;  in  all,  120 
es.     Rent,  1/.  6j".  od. 

45.  Grant  to  Fardoragh  McCahir  CMallen,  gent,  the  moiety  of  the  two  balliboes  of  Cloggins, 
"itaining  60  acres.     Rent,  13^. 

46.  Grant  to  Caragh  O'Donilly,  gent,  the  other  moiety  of  the  Cloggins,  containing'  60  acres. 
nt,  1 3 J. 

47.  Grant  to  Oufen  O'Hagan,  gent,  chief  of  his  name,  Doongoroghan,  one  balliboe,  60  acres, 
mt,  \y. 

48.  Grant  to  Owen  Oge  OHagan  McOwen  McEvistan,  gent,  Mullinecore  and  Aghnecreagh, 
^e  balliboe  each  ;  in  all,  120  acres.     Rent,  i/.  6s.  od. 

49.  Grant  to   SJiane  McHiigh  McAderany  O'Donilly,  gent.,  Crosse,  one   balliboe,  6o-  acres. 
^ent,  1 3 J. 

50.  Grant  to  Con  McTirlagh  O'Neale,  gent,  Corboy,  one  balliboe,  containing  60  acres.     Rent, 

51.  Grant  to  Felim  Groome  McFelimy  McNeale  [OJVeale],  gent,  Broghvane,  near  the  river  of 
allindeny,  one  balliboe,  containing  60  acres.     Rent,  13J'. 

52.  Grant  to  Fardoragh  McBrian  Carragh  O'Neale,  gent,  one  of  the  two  balliboes  of  Tier- 

Lssog,  containing  60  acres.     Rent,  \y. 
Q  I 


322 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


53.  Grant  to  Felim  Oge  (yMulcreve,  gent.,  Ballinemucky,  one  balliboe,  containing  60  ac^^ 
Rent,  1 31. 

54.  Grant  to  Laghlen  (yHagan^  gent,  Tireneskie  and  Lackagh,  one  balliboe  each ;  120  acret 
Rent,  i/.  6 J.  od, 

55.  Grant  X,o  Randal  McDonnell^  gent,  Kilneslee,  one  balliboe,  containing  60  acres.     Rent,  ijt 

56.  Grant  to  Hugh  McCaivell,  ^nt,  Tullinecrosse,  one  balliboe,  60  acres.     Rent,  ly, 

57.  Grant  to  Hugh  McHugh  Mergagh  CNeale,  gent.,  Ballydony,  one   balliboe,  60  aaci 
Rent,  1 3 J. 

58.  Grant  to  Mary  Ny  Neal  [daughter  of  Sir  Cormack],  Tiranegane  and  Cooleteflfrangan,  one 
balliboe  each;  in  all,  120  acres.     Rent,  i/.  ds,  od, 

59.  Grant  to  Tirlagh  Oge  OGormdey^  gent,  Killdoogin,  one  balliboe,  60  acres.     Rent,  ly. 

60.  Grant  to  Bryan  Crossagh  CNeale  [son  of  Sir  Cormack,  see  p.  249],  gent,  Clontedonoo* 
one  and  7,  balliboe  ;  Tullycoole,  one  balliboe;  Tubberlean,  7,  balliboe;  Dromvarlim,  Gortreagh. 
Ballinacreggy,  and  Dromnaclogh,  one  balliboe  each;  Gortnesoole,  7t  balliboe;  Coolerecunagh, 
Ballinegorhah,  Drineleagh,  Comvaneghan,  Ballinenoghelly,  Rousky,  Ballihawlaght,  and  Balli- 
dromard,  one  balliboe  each ;  Ballinenane,  one  and  73  balliboe ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  Rent,  10/. 
1 3 J.  4^. 

The  foregoing  small  patches  given  to  natives  were  to  be  held  in  free  and  common  socage, 
excepting  such  lands  as  were  given  to  the  sons  and  grandsons  of  Sir  Henry  Oge  O'Neill  on  botb 
banks  of  the  Blackwater. 

III.  The  Precincts  of  Doe  and  Fawnett  (now  Kilmacrenan),  county  of  Donegal 

Servitors. 
I.  Grant  to   William  Stewart  (222),  Esq,      Ilenbeg,  Carrowcroghan,   Gortivaghy,  CiifO^^ 


( 222).  William  Stewart.  — This  undertaker  came  origin- 
ally from  the  parish  of  Whithorn,  Wigtonshire,  the  lands 
belonging  to  his  family  there  being  known  as  those  of 
Barclay,  Castlewigg,  and  Tondergie.  This  branch  was 
founded  by  one  Walter  Stewart,  of  the  Garlics  family, 
al>out  the  year  1550;  but  the  property  had  become  of 
little  or  no  value  in  the  time  of  this  undertaker,  whof  with 
his  brother  Robert,  was  compelleil  to  leave  Scotland  as 
soldiers  of  fortune,  and  serve  under  the  Kings  of  both 
Sweden  and  Denmark.  He  was  absent,  therefore,  until 
it  was  almost  too  late  to  go  to  Ireland  ;  but  being  in 
great  repute  at  court  as  an  agent,  who  assisted  in  relieving 
this  country  of  some  swordmen,  he  was  recommended 
specially  by  the  King  as  an  undertaker  at  the  eleventh 
hour,  and  it  must  be  admitted  that  he  made  the  best  use 
of  his  time.  He  commenced  the  p>eculiar  work  of  a 
planter  so  vigorously,  even  in  connection  with  this  small 
proportion  in  Kilmacrenan,  that  Sir  George  Carew,  who 
was  sent  in  1611  to  inspect  and  report  on  the  progress  of 
plantation,  gave  the  King  a  very  favourable  account  of  his 
operations.  Whilst  other  undertakers  in  Donegal  had,  at 
that   time,    done  nothing,   Stewart's  bawn,  of  lime  and 


stone,  was  already  built,  containing  an  apartment 
either  for  a  munition  house  or  a  prison,  jnst  as  d 
stances  required.  This  fiict  impressed  the  King  wii 
conviction  that  Stevrart  could  manage  moie  thm  <*^ 
small  proportion  of  the  escheated  land,  andthstk)!^ 
served  to  be  put  in  to  the  possessionof  more,  at  dieciiiii^ 
opportunity.  In  pursuance  of  this  royal  oonvicdai,  ikr 
King  soon  afterwards  required  his  deputy,  CbidwUffi  ^ 
accept  a  surrender  from  James  Haig  of'^a  middle  pn^ 
tion  of  1 ,  500  acres,  called  Tirenemnnertagh,  in  Uie  pieoirt 
or  barony  of  Strabane,  and  to  grant  it  to  Captain  MCivU 
with  all  concealments  belonging  thereta  The  Itftcf^B 
forthwith— July  7,  1615,— made  a  free  dcniienaadta 
subject  of  Ireland  by  patent,  empowered  to  cajof  v 
privileges  of  a  native  and  true  bom  snbject  thereof  ~*^^ 
patent  also  granted  and  confirmed  to  him  the  said 
tion  of  land,  together  with  several  additional 
containing  500  acres  in  the  said  barony,  thns 
him  2,000  acres,  in  addition  to  the  original  1,000 
Kilmacrenan.  His  lands  in  Strabane  barooy  < 
into  the  manor  of  Tirenemuriirta(^  with  a 
600  acres ;  and  the  lands  in  Kilmacnaiaa 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


323 


Jid  Clonlarie,  one  quarter  each ;  Ardroman,  one  and  7,  quarter ;  Carrowtrasna, 
nnaghan,  and  Ilinmore,  V2  quarter  each ;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  with  free  fishing  in 
lie.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Clonlarie^  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and 
ron.  Rent,  8/.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage, 
:t  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     30  November,  8th  [16 10]. 

rant  io  Patrick  Craivford  {22^)  of  LifTord,  Esq.  The  towns  and  lands  of  Ballylirehan 
rkevin,  one  quarter  each ;  Salregrean,  '/j  of  a  quarter ;  Gortlea,  one  and  7,  quarter  ; 
ha  and  Carrownamoglagh,  one  quarter  each;  Killolosty,  Y^  of  a  quarter;  of  Kallessedner, 
;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  with  free  fishing  in  Loughswillie.  The  premises  are  created  the 
Bailirehariy  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  8/.  English,  to 
J  at  Easter,  16 14.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and 
the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     20  September,  9th  [161 1]. 

rant  to  John  Vaughan  (224),  Esq.  Dogh-Iyey,  Carranagilly,  Lisnadise,  and  Dromon, 
?r  each  ;  CoUeboy,  one  and  Ys  quarter ;  Lissanana,  one  and  7a  quarter ;  half  of  Ellistran 
and  half  of  Ighterosse  quarter;   in  all,   1,000  acres,  with  free  fishing  in  Loughswilly 


lor  of  Stewart^ s  Fort,  with  a  demesne  of  300 
continued  so  to  accumulate  and  increase  his 
I  June,  1629,  he  was  able,  as  an  Ulster  under- 
eptthe  fouradditional  proportions — containing 
each — of  Ballyneconolly,  Ballytravill,  New- 
slapp,  together  with  140  acres  of  concealed 
two  former  proportions,  viz.,  Ballyneconolly 
vill,  were  erected  into  the  manor  of  Mount' 
1  the  two  latter,  viz.,  Newton  and  Lislapp, 
lor  of  Ne^v-Shioartony  now  better  known  as 
art,  with  free  warren,  liberty  to  empark  600 
manor,  and  all  other  usual  privileges.  In  the 
lis  Scottish  captain,  who  had  now  become  Sir 
rwart,  obtained  a  grant,  in  conjunction  with 
chbume,  of  all  the  rents,  profits,  and  forfeitures 
ids  in  Ulster,  which  had  been  forfeited  because 
to  the  Irish,  contrary  to  the  provisoes  in  the 
:ents  of  the  undertakers,  to  be  held  during 
vards  satisfaction  of  all  arrears  of  pay  due  to 
lieir  soldiers,  from  the  Crown,  since  their 
,  and  Stewart's]  employment  in  Ireland,  until 

1629.  And,  finally.  Sir  William  Stewart, 
chased  from  George  Arundel,  of  Omagh,  and 
ife,  extensive  additional  lands  in  the  barony 

He  thus  laid  his  foundations  broad  and  deep, 
•s  becoming  Viscounts  Mountjoy  and  Earls  of 

But  this  family  is  now  extinct. 
xrwjord. — This  undertaker  belonged  to  a 
ily,  which  had  settled  in  Donegal  at  the  time 
V  Macdonnell's  marriage.  These  Crawfords 
n  various  capacities,  not  only  the  then  lately 
rl  of  Tyrconnell,  but  his  brother,  Hugh  Roe 
and  their  father,  Sir  Hugh.  This  captain 
wford  appears  to  have  entered  the  English 
■•ice  cordially,  and  at  an  early  age,  although 
•mbers  of  the  family  adhered  to  the  old  Irish 
North.     His  father,  Owen,  or  John  Crawford, 


was  living  in  1610  near  the  town  of  Donegal,  and  his 
brother  David  was  servant  to  the  Earl  of  Tyrconnell 
when  the  latter  made  his  escape  in  the  autumn  of  1607. 
David  returned  in  the  month  of  April,  1 6 10,  landing  at 
Killybegs,  and  afterwards  acting  as  an  agent  in  Ulster  for 
certain  exiles  on  the  continent.  Captain  Patrick  Craw- 
ford was  a  faithful  and  highly  esteemed  officer,  being 
selected  as  one  of  those  servitors  who  were  supposed  to 
be  specially  fitted  to  become  undertakers.  He  did  not, 
however,  long  enjoy  his  newly  acquired  estate.  He  was 
appointed  to  accompany  Sir  Oliver  Lambert,  in  an  expe- 
dition against  Dunyveg  in  Isla,  and  fell  at  the  siege  of 
that  fortress,  early  in  the  month  of  February,  161 3- 14. 
Lambert,  when  writing  to  the  King  an  account  of  the 
expedition,  concludes  his  letter  in  the  following  words  : — 
"Your  Majesty  has  lost,  in  the  death  of  Captain  CraifTord, 
a  valiant  and  painful  captain,  by  whom  I  was  not  a  little 
assisted.     The  fortune  of  war  is  not  to  be  resisted." 

(224).  Vaughan. — A  Mr.  Fox,  writing  from  Dublin  to 
Salisbury,  in  May,  1 610,  mentions  a  report  then  in  circu- 
lation "of  the  killing  of  Captain  John  Vaughan,  the 
Sheriff  of  the  county  of  Dunnagall,  by  a  Scotchman,  upon 
a  sudden  falling  out  between  them."  There  were  many 
Scotchmen  crowding  into  that  region  at  the  date  referred 
to,  who  would  have  made  short  work  with  English  sheriffs, 
had  circumstances  required  the  practical  use  of  the  dirk  ; 
but  whatever  happened  in  the  case  talked  of,  Vaughan 
survived,  and  was  destined  to  enjoy  still  greater  wealth 
and  more  distinguished  honours  than  he  had  then  attained. 
He  was  afterwards  created  a  knight,  admitted  a  member 
of  the  Privy  Council,  and  appointed  governor  of  the  city 
of  Londonderry.  H  is  daughter  and  heir,  Sydney  Vaughan, 
married  Sir  Frederick  Hamilton,  youngest  son  of  Lord 
Paisley,  who  followed  his  brothers  to  Ulster  in  the  year 
1620,  and  whose  representatives  became  the  Viscounts 
Boyne.  See  Lodge's  Peerage^  edited  by  Archdall,  vol.  v. , 
p.  174. 


324 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Carranagilly,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  bat 
Rent,  8/.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  and  subject  to  the  condition. 
the  plantation  of  Ulster.     19  February,  8th  [1610-11]. 

4.  Grant  to  John  Kings  mill  (225),  Esq,  The  towns  and  lands  of  Bally-Ivollely,  Bod) 
Gortnavare,  Arrhymore,  Letter,  Ragh,  one  quarter  each ;  of  Cashellshamaghan,  of  Ichtero^ 
Elistran,  of  Arrhibegg,  Va  quarter  each ;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  with  liberty  of  fishing  in  Loughswi 
Rent,  8/.  English.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Kingstown^  with  300  acres  in  demeso 
and  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  t 
the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     5  March,  9th  [1611-12]. 

5.  Grant  to  Basill  Brooke  (226),  Esq,  Cadanecaman,  Chinaghane,  and  Clononamoge,  00 
quarter  each ;  5/x6  ^^  Cabry  quarter ;  Dromore,  one  quarter ;  Clonecamy,  one  and  '/»  quarter 
Carrig,  one  quarter ;  half  the  quarter  of  Collessedner  and  of  Clonecoose ;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  wit 
the  water,  fishing,  and  weirs  of  Loughveagh  belonging  to  the  premises,  which  are  hereby  created  tl* 
manor  of  Brookty  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  8/.  English.  To  hoi 
forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  t!l 
plantation  of  Ulster.     5  March,  8th  [1610-11]. 

6.  Grant  to  Sir  Richard  Hansard  (227),  Knt,  The  lands  of  Gortivaghie,  Ilinbcj 
Carrowcroghan,  Carrowcashell,  and  Clonlary,  each  one  quarter ;  Androman,  one  and "/» quaitc 
the  half  quarters  of  Carrowtrasna,  Castleshenaghan,  and  Ilanmore ;  total,  1,000  acres;  with  fii 


(225).  Kingsmill, — This  undertaker,  who  had  been  a 
distinguished  servitor  in  Ireland,  belonged  to  an  English 
family  of  park  keepers,  the  head  representative  of  w)iich 
had  been  honoured  by  the  dignity  of  knighthood.  Sir 
William  Kingsmill,  his  father,  was  keeper  of  Freemantle 
Park,  Hampshire,  an  office  which  Henry,  a  younger  son 
of  the  latter,  had  in  reversion.  Another  brother,  named 
Andrew,  received  a  sum  of  169/.  iSx.  4^.,  for  his  interest 
in  certain  coppices  in  Finkley  Walk  in  the  Forest  of 
Chute,  Hampshire,  purchased  by  the  King  for  the  preser- 
vation of  deer.  See  Domestic  Series  of  State  Papers, 
1603.10,  pp.  438,  517. 

(226).  Brooke,  —  This  undertaker  had  distinguished 
himself  as  a  servitor  in  Ireland,  and  was  one  of  those 
selected  by  the  King  for  a  proportion  of  land  in  the 
plantation.  He  was  soon  afterwards  knighted,  and  was 
styled  of  Magherabegg  and  Brook  Manor,  in  the  county 
of  Donegall.  He  married  Anne,  daughter  of  Thomas 
I^eicester  of  Toft,  county  of  Chester,  and  died  in  1633. 
His  son  and  heir  was  Sir  Henry  Brooke,  of  Brooks- 
borough,  in  the  county  of  Fermanagh.  Brook  Manor 
was  also  known  as  Kildonnell,  or  Killydonnell.  See 
Ixxlge's  Peerage^  vol.  vi.,  p.  35. 

(227).  Hansard, — This  undertaker  was  among  the  most 
useful  and  energetic  of  the  servitor  class,  and  yet  he  does 
not  appear  to  nave  been  rewarded  for  his  services, — at 
least  on  the  same  liberal  scale  as  others  who  were  not, 
I>erhaps,  so  deserving.  He  had  originally  obtained  the 
small  proportion  of  Clonlarie  or  Gortivaghie,  but  why 
these  lands  were  so  soon  afterwards  passed  by  the  Crown 
to  Captain  WiUiam  Stewart  is  not  stated.     In  addition  to 


his  dignity  of  knighthood,  Sir  Richard  Hansard  oalj  > 
pears  to  have  got  a  comparatively  smaU  grant  tt 
Liffer,  and  even  this  was  conpled  with  certain  strii^ 
conditions.  It  is  stated  in  substance  as  follows  m. 
Patent  Rolls  :~*'llie  town  of  Liffer  or  BaUjddfe,  < 
quarter ;  Killenederiogfa,  one  quarter  ;  Croglwi  1 
Shandon,  one  quarter  ;  and  Cabragh,  one  quarter;  « 
the  ferry  over  the  Fynne,  between  Liffer  and  Sbitei 
and  power  to  erect  one  or  more  ferries  over  the  ir 
Deale  [Derg]  between  the  lands  of  Liffer  and  Ckdc^i 
From  this  grant  was  excepted  the  fort  known  as  Cafli 
Brooke's  fort, — which  was  to  be  called  for  the  teaie  li 
King's  fort, — and  also  the  meadow  of  StnuMR  m 
Liffer,  except  four  acres  thereof  in  the  north-eMt  pcii 
where  the  rivers  Deale  [Derg]  and  Fynne  meetp  vUf 
[four  acres]  are  to  be  reserved  to  Sir  Riduud  aid  k 
heirs,  with  fyshing  in  the  Fjmne.  Rent,  4/.  &.  S^  S 
Richard  and  his  heirs,  within  four  years,  to  settk  \ 
persons,  English  or  Scots,  chiefly  tradesmen,  tobebi 
gesses ;  to  15  of  whom  are  to  be  assigned  30  acres  kd 
nelds  of  Liffer,  viz.,  two  acres  apiece;  and. cm  to 
apiece  to  the  other  1 5  burgesses,  besides  sufficicBt  IM 
for  their  houses,  yards,  and  gardens ;  and  also  to 
within  the  time  aforesaid,  45  acres,  with  the  said 
yards,  and  gardens ;  with  the  bog  of  Rougfaan  for  < 
turbary,  and  100  acres  for  commoo  paatmc^  NoM 
sell  by  retail,  but  the  planters  and  freemen  oC  1  ifci.  i| 
forfeiture  of  their  goods.  Licence  to  hold  a  «« 
market,  and  fairs  on  Ascension  Day  and  SL  Ifallk 
Day.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Ddbii^ 
common  socage.    31  Janoaiy,  9U1  [161  ij*** 


GRANTS    AND   GRANTEES. 


325 


in  Loughswilly.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and 
to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.  7  July,  nth  [1613].  [This  proportion  was 
ds  passed  to  Captain  William  Stewart] 

Grant  to  TJwnias  Perkins  and  George  Hilton  (228),  gents.,  Carrownaclony,  one  quarter  ; 
one  quarter ;  and  Yg  parts  of  the  quarter  of  Kilnarran  ;  in  all,  300  acres.     Rent,  2/.  Zs.  od, 
forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of 
tation  of  Ulster.     8  December,  8th  [16 10]. 

Grant  to  Sir  TJwmas  Chicfuster  (229),  Knt,  Ciarrycarrow,  Radonell,  I.urganehoory,  and 
one  quarter  each ;  in  all,  500  acres,  with  free  fishing  in  Loughswilly.  Rent,  4/.  English, 
mises  are  created  the  manor  of  Radonnell^  with  200  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron. 
I  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of 
tation  of  Ulster.     8  December,  8th  [16 10]. 

Grant  to  Henry  Hart  (230),  Esq,  The  lands  of  Ballynasse,  Dromnative,  Ballichonell, 
;,  Ardmore,  MagherjTowartie,  Gortecorky,  and  the  island  of  Inisbofin,  one  quarter  each ; 
000  acres,  with  free  fishings  in  the  sea  and  rivers  near  the  said  lands.  Rent,  8/.  English, 
mises  are  created  the  manor  of  Ballynasse,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron, 
forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of 
tation  of  Ulster.     10  June,  9th  [161 1]. 

Grant  to  Sir  Ralph  Bingley  (231),  Knt,     Balligallaghan  and  Cratelagh,  one  quarter  each  ; 
y  and  Reighbegg,  two  half  quarters ;  Molmoreightragh  and  Molmoreoughtragh,  two  half 


Perkins  and  Hilton.  — WTiy  these  undertakers  were 
iated  in  so  small  a  quantity  of  land,  we  cannot 
.  Thomas  Perkins  is  styled  Lieutenant  Parkins 
r  plantation  document,  and  Thomas  Perkins, 
:  third.  He  is  mentioned  in  an  inquisition  as 
Richard  Hansard's  executors.  Sir  John  Vaughan 
eorge  Malburj'e  being  the  other  two.  George 
mentioned  also  in  an  inquisition  as  renting  a 
e  quarter  of  Garwerj',  in  the  middle  proportion 
mirier,  from  Peter  Benson  of  London,  who  had 
1  from  Sir  Henry  Clare.  See  Inquisitions  of 
onegal,  (30)  Car.  I.,  and  (10)  Car.  I, 
Thomas  Chichester. — This  undertaker  was  the 
brother  of  the  deputy.  Sir  Arthur  Chichester, 
»mmon  with  some  others,  had  expressed  a  wish 
;tled  near  the  borders  of  Inisnowen,  which 
to  the  deputy,  and  would,  most  probably,  be 
ed  and  thoroughly  protected  against  any  attempts 
rt  of  the  natives.  In  the  deputy's  '  Instructions' 
"easurer  going  to  London,  in  Jan.  1609-10,  he 
Sir  Thomas  Chichester,  and  others,  seek  for 
t  those  parts,  because  it  joins  so  near  his  land 
wen,  more  than  for  the  goodness  of  the  soil." 
is  Chichester,  before  obtaining  this  grant,  had 
\  of  extensive  lands  in  the  county  of  Wicklow, 
ch  20,  1607.  The  reader  may  see  a  list  of  the 
d  quantities  of  these  valuable  lands  in  Erck's 
p.  400. 
'iart, — This  undertaker,  so  well  known  in  con- 


nection with  Sir  Caliir  O'Dogherty's  revolt,  belonged  to  a 
Roman  Catholic  family  in  London,  but  he  appears  to 
have  changed  his  creed  on  entering  the  English  service  in  Ire- 
land. He  received  a  grant  ip  Feb. ,  1 604-5,  of  the  constable- 
ship  of  the  castle  and  fort  of  Culmore,  with  300  acres  of 
land  to  the  same  adjoining,  in  the  county  of  Donegal, 
including  all  fishings  and  other  appurtenances,  as  reserved 
to  the  Crown  out  of  the  letters  patent  made  to  Sir  Cahir 
O'Doghertie, — to  hold  for  21  years  at  the  rent  of  lOr. 
sterling. — the  grantee  covenanting  to  search  all  shipping 
coming  to  the  ports  of  Lough  Foyle  and  the  Derric,  for 
munition,  armour,  and  all  other  prohibited  wares  and 
merchandises  imported  or  exported  out  of  the  same  ; 
** provided  the  said  Harte  shall  not  use  any  unnecessarie 
vexations  to  the  Kinges  subjectes,  or  others  in  amitie  with 
his  Majestie,  comeinge  to  trade  and  trafleque  in  those 
partes  of  Ulster."  (See  Ercke's  TV^'/rr/^rj',  pp.  231,  232). 
In  the  spring  of  1608,  Harte  was  seized  by  O'Dogherty, 
who  forced  him  to  give  up  Culmore  ;  and  although  he  was 
probably  not  much  to  blame  in  permitting  himself  to  be 
surprised,  he  appears  to  have  been  under  a  cloud  for  a 
time.  But  the  whole  series  of  events  arising  out  of  that 
surprise  ended  in  securing  the  barony  of  Inishowen  for 
Chichester,  the  latter  may  have  felt  tenderly  towards 
Harte  in  his  trouble,  and  gave  him  a  recommendatory 
letter  to  Salisbury,  which,  no  doubt,  had  the  effect  of 
getting  Harte's  name  on*  the  list  of  servitors  considered 
suitable  for  undertakers. 

(231).  Ralph  Bingley, — See  p.  62. 


326  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

quarters  ;  Maghericullcn,  one  quarter  ;  Magher)-ar\veymore  and  Magher)'arweybegg,  2  half  quait^f^ . 
Derrycassan  and  Tullagh,  Magheribegeitragh  and  Magheribegoutragh,  Balleogh^an  ^u^^ 
Magheriloske  [  ] ;  Carrowreogh,   '/,  fjuarter ;    half  of  the  two  7.  quarters  of  Dotrrie^ 

davanmore  and  Dow-nedavanbegg ;  in  all,  1,128  acres.  Rent,  9/.  yx.  Sd,  Liberty  to  hold  a  court 
baron  at  Magherilosky  in  Rosquill ;  to  plant  within  four  years  20  English  or  Scotch  persons 
chiefly  artificers,  in  RamuUan,  to  be  burgesses  thereof,  and  to  assign  to  each  two  acres  of  land 
besides  their  houses  and  gardens,  with  the  whole  bog  of  Ramullan  for  common  of  turf.  To  h<>l  ^ 
forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     18  May,  9th  [161 1]. 

11.  Grant  to  Edward  Ellis  (232),  gent.  Five  {xuts  out  of  eight  of  the  quarter  of  Kilnamr**'? 
Loughnamuckydony  7,  quarter;  Fanonoghinbegg,  one  quarter;  Carrownarran,  one  quart^^^'» 
the  1 3th  part  of  the  quarter  of  Carrowroughan  ;  in  all,  400  acres.  Rent,  3/.  41.  o^.,  to 
from  Easter,  16 14.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject 
the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster. 

12.  Grant  to  Henry   Vau^Jian  (233),  Esq,      Moyres,  ^ith  the  castle  there,  BallymacagW  3 
Crooglian,  and  Maghcrihubbert,  one  quarter  each ;  the  two  Ballihirins,  2  quarters ; 
one  quarter;  Leaddan,  one  quarter;  in  all,  1,000  acres.     Rent,  8/.  English.      The  premises 
created  into  the  manor  of  Moyres^  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.     To  hold 
as  of '  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation 
Ulster.     30  November,  8th. 

13.  Grant  to  Sir  Richard  Bingley  (234)  of  Westminster,  Knight,     Cowell  and  Glaury,  2 
quarters ;  Crivagh  and  Aghecorr,  2  half  quarters,  all  in  Rosquill ;  Magherifarsedy,  one  balli 
and  Killoghcarran,  one  quarter ;  in  all,  500  acres.     Rent,  4/.  English.     Sir  Richard  to  maim 
and  sustain  the  castle  of  Castledoe,  situate  on  his  lands,  which  nevert  heless  is  excepted  out  of 
grant.     Subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     19  May,  9th  [161 1]. 

14.  Grant  to  George  Gale,   gent.     V9  of  the  quarter  of  Carrowreogh,  contxuning  100 
Rent,  I  (ys.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to 
conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     18  May,  9th  [161 1]. 

15.  Grant  to  Charles  Grimsditche  (235),  gent.     Lagavracke,  one  quarter;  ^j^oi  the  quart*?' 
of  Bonoyton  ;  in  all,  240  acres.     Rent,  i/.  \Zs.  M.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  DuWi«>f 
in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     4  May,  8th. 

16.  Grant  to  Thomas  Bro^vne  (236),  Esq,     The  towns  and  lands  of  Clanrasse,  Ballivickfisi^* 

(232).   Ellis.  —  This  undertaker's  christian  name  is  more       of  1604,  as  a  sort  of  surveyor,  who  appctts  to  Itt*^ 
frequently  written  Edmund.  become    rather    troublesome   by  asking  little  picUi^ 


(233).  Ilntry  ]'aHi:htin. — Ikother  to  Sir  John.  from  Robert  Cecil,  Earl  of  Salisbuiy.      Anwog 

(234).  Richlvd    lUtii^Uy.  —  Brother    to    Sir    Ralph.  things,    Browne  wrote  to  the    Utter,    begging   **«•• 

Sec  p.  325.  firmation  of  the  bailiwick  of  Pinchbeck,  &c.  grutdlii 

(235).   Unmsil}tchc.—'Yh'\9,  undertaker  was  either  the  by  the  late  Lord  Burleigh"  [Buighlej],  Cttil's 


son  or  brother  of  a  John  CJrimsditche,  who,  in  1604,  had  The  surveyor,  however,  doesnot  appear  to  have, 

a  royal  (;rant,  in  reversion  after  Bristow  Pigeon,  of  the  in  that  suit,  for  he  wrote  soon  again,  stating  that  **be  III 

keeping  of  the  Kind's  \Vardr())>c  in  the  Tower,  and  of  the  heard  he  [Cecil]  has  granted  to  another  the  batfivick  dl 

garden  there,  for  lile.   Calendar  of  State  Papers^  Domestic  Pinchbeck,"  and  urges  his  own  prior  right  to  it.     TiidL,  fL 

Series,  1603-10,  p.  66.  78.     This  grant  in  Ulstrr  may  have  been  probably  givaii 

(236).   Thomas  Brotvnc, — Browne  was  probably  the  compensate  for  disappointments  in  other  ways,  or  to  f^f 

person  sometimes  mentioned  in  the  Domestic  State  Papers  arrears  owing  to  the  giantee. 


GRANTS    AND    GRANTEES. 


327 


rivardan,  and  Ballivegarraghie,  one  quarter  each ;  and  two-sixteenth  parts  of  the  quarter  of 
iton ;  containing  528  acres.  The  prenjises  are  created  the  manor  of  Broumstowney  with 
-es  in  demesne  ;  a  court  baron ;  and  power  to  create  tenures.  Kent,  4/  55.  od.  To  hold 
,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the 
ion  of  Ulster.     16  May,  9th  [i6n]. 

Natives. 

Grant   to    Walter  McLaughlin   McSufyne  (237),  gent.       Bally-Inchenane,  one   quarter ; 

one  quarter ;  Glanalla,  one  quarter ;  Glanteedallie,  '/»  quarter ;  Ballychonill,  one  quarter ; 
)nnell,  one  quarter ;  Ballyveagh,  one  quarter ;  Creurmie,  '/,  quarter ;  in  all,  896  acres. 
9/.  \vs.  3^.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage, 
bject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     17  December,  8th  [16 10]. 

Grant  to  Donald  McSwine  Fawnett  (238),  gent.  The  towns  and  lands  of  Ringdooghargie, 
namoney,  Lehadmore,  Glinskie,  Dowaghmore,  Ararhinibiny,  and  Arhirinimore,  one  quarter 
5/,6  parts  of  the  quarter  of  Cashell ;  Bolyheirman,  Rindrome,  Twome,  Fanavolty,  Carrow- 
,  Coolederry,  Glannavadd,  and  Dowaghknabine,  one  quarter  each  ;  and  Carrowblagh,  7, 
;  2,000  acres  in  all.  Rent,  21/.  6j.  Zd,  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin, 
mon  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     2  August,  9th  [161 1]. 

Grant  to  Manus  AlcNeaU  McSuyne  (239),  Carrowblagh,  '/,  quarter ;  containing  64  acres. 
[31.  4^.  English.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and 

to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     2  August,  9th  [161 1]. 
Grant  to  Sir  Midmory  McSwyne  na  Doe  (240),  Knt,     The  lands  known  as  Moyntmellon, 


McSwyne. — We  cannot  state  to  what  particular 
»f  the  McSwvnes  this  grantee  belonged,  but  it 
from  Pynnar  s  account  of  him  in  1618,  that  he 
iially  adopted  the  English  policy  in  Tyrconncll, 
e  day  of  their  appearance  in  the  Foyle  under 
in    1600,    and   that   he  had  never  afterwards 

in  his  new  allegiance. 

McSivytu  Fawnett. — For  a  notice  of  the  district 
d,  or  Faynett,  see  pp.  102,  203.     This  Donnell 

representative  or  chief  of  the  sept  or  family  of 
les  there  seated.     The  principal  residence  of  the 

this  branch  was  the  ancient  castle  of  Rathmullan, 
;h  Swilly,  which  the  Four  Masters  describe  as  the 
t  fortress  in  Ulster.  Donnell,  however,  was  un- 
keep  Sir  Henry  Docwra  from  over-running  his 
','  and  destroying  his  *  people,*  so  he  made  his 
irough  Niall  Garve  O'Donnell.  He  was  even- 
lin  to  accept  such  quantity  of  land,  and  in  such 
s  the  Government  pleased  to  appoint.  Sir  Robert 
le  solicitor-general,  states,  in  a  letter  to  Salisbury, 
,  1609,  that  "McSwyny  Fanaght  sate  with  them 
ice  of  peace  [at  Lifford],  though  he  came  in  an 
lanner  in  his  mantle." 

Afanus  McNiaU  McSwyne. — This  Manus  was 
3f  an  incorrigible  rebel  called  Neal  McSwyne, 
5  nephew   to  Sir   Niall  Garve  O'Donnell,  and 


whose  head  was  most  anxiously  sought  for  by  the  Lord 
Deputy  Chichester.  This  Neal  McSwyne  was  one  of  a 
small  lot  which  Chichester  declared  "if  he  could  get,  it 
mattered  not  if  all  the  rest  were  pardoned. "  His  5ite  is 
not  known,  at  least  to  the  writers  of  State  Papers,  but 
the  sins  of  the  father  were  no  doubt  visited  on  the  son, 
for  Manus, — though  the  head  of  a  family,  and  a  gentle- 
man by  birth  and  position, — only  got  a  miserable  patch 
of  64  acres,  for  which  he  must  have,  in  some  way,  proved 
his  loyalty  to  the  Government. 

(240).  McSwyne-na- Doe.  Set  ii>^.  \02 J  20'^.  ThisMul- 
mory  McSwyne,  is  stated  by  Sir  Robert  Jacob,  the  solicitor- 
general,  to  have  been  a  younger  son  of  the  house  of  Doe, 
but  this  is  probably  a  mistake,  as  he  bore  himself  in  all 
respects  as  the  representative  of  that  branch  of  the  great 
sept  seated  in  the  district  of  Doe, — that  part  of  the  coast 
overlooking  Sheephaven  Bay,  at  the  southern  extremity 
of  which  stands  proudly  their  old  castle.  "From  this 
point,"  says  the  writer  of  a  Handbook  of  South-western 
Donegal f  "there  is  a  magnificent  view  over  the  red  sands 
of  Rosapenna,  where,  for  miles,  from  Downing  Bay, 
there  is  not  a  blade  of  grass  nor  a  particle  of  verdure,  but 
one  wide  scene  of  desolation,  extending  as  far  as  the  old 
chapel  in  the  sands  of  Rosgull,"  p.  46.  The  sands  have 
extensively  encroached  upon  this  part  of  the  coast,  as 
fifty  years  ago  the  whole  sweep  above  mentioned  was 
beautiful  and  well  cultivated. 


328 


THE    FI.ANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


containing  Muinterveilan  or  Muntermellan,  one  quarter ;  Lurgabrackmore,  one  quarter  divided    /q^ 
the  two  half  quarters  called  Auldoge  and  Clohornagh  ;  Lurgabrackbegg,  one  quarter  divided  io^ 
the  two  half  quarters  called  Massarey  and  Lurgabrackbegg ;  Pollageill,  one  quarter ;  Carrowclogaji^ 
one  quarter  divided  into  two  half  quarters  called  Klaggan  and  Knockagarcossey ;  Magher3nnanii;^ 
one  quarter ;  Maykboe,  one  quarter ;  Enner^veymore,  one  quarter ;   Ennerweybegg,  one  quarter; 
Derrigeile,  one  quarter;   Portancllan,  one  quarter;   Corcoeganagh,  '/,  quarter;   Carrowinchdef, 
Ya  quarter ;  Ramackevan,  one  (juarter ;  Fengarte,  one  quarter ;  Sessaugh,  one  quarter ;  Breughwer, 
7,  quarter;  and  Castlevickanawe,  Va  quarter ;  in  all,  2,000,  with  free  fishings  and  ayeryes  of hawki 
Rent,  2 1/.  6s,  Zd,  English.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and 
subject  to  the  conditions  of  the   plantation  of  Ulster.      See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Donegal, 
(12)  Jac.  L 

5.  Grant  to  Donough  McSivync  Banagh  (241),  gent  The  lands  known  as  Leanagh  and 
Corragh,  2,000  acres.  *  Rent,  21/.  ds,  Sd,  Held  on  the  same  tenure,  &c.,  as  above.  [The 
particulars  of  this  grant  are  not  recorded  in  the  printed  Patent  Rolls,  nor  in  the  printed  InquisitioiB 
of  Ulster]. 

6.  Grant  to  JVeng  Duffe  Neene  James  (242),  [Ineen  dubh,  daughter  of  James  MacdonneH 
see  pp.  130,  131,  228],  widow  of  Hugh,  son  of  Manus  O'Donnell.  The  towns  and  lands  of 
Carrownedrientagh  and  Ballyclencallen,  one  quarter  each;  half  of  Carrowgarragh  quarter;  halfrf 
Clooncoose  quarter  ;  and  '/s  of  Drom-Ivray  quarter;  in  all,  596  acres.  Rent,  6/.  To  hold,  as  of 
the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage ;  to  her  use  for  life ;  remainder  to  Sir  Ralph  Bingley,  Kn^ 
and  his  heirs  forever.     18  May,  9th  [161 1]. 

7.  Grant  to  Honora  Bourk  (243),  widow  of  [  ]  O'Boyle,  [lord  of  Boylflgh} 
Carrowfurte,  one  quarter ;  BallynicQuinn,  '/,  quarter ;  Derryoutra,  one  quarter ;  74  of  Dromtromcfl 
quarter;  and  */',<s  part  of  Downekynella  quarter;  in  all,  403  acres.  Rent,  4/.  13^.  4//.  To  hold,  as 
of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage ;  to  her  use  for  life ;  remainder  to  the  said  Sir  Ralph 
Bingley  and  his  heirs  forever.     18  May,  9th  [161 1]. 

8.  Grant  to  Tirlagh  O'Boyle^  gent,  [son  of  the  preceding  grantee].  The  towns  and 
lands  of  Carrowbleagh,  one  quarter;  Clonmasse,  one  quarter;  Anahire,  one  and  7i  qu*^' 
Ballymore,  one  quarter ;  Killdorrough,  one  quarter ;  Carronamaddy,  one  quarter ;  half  of  Clantnotc 


(241).  Banagh. — For  a  notice  of  this  district,  sec  pp. 
102,  203.  This  Donough,  or  Donnell,  was  the  representa- 
tive of  the  branch  of  McSu^nes  seated  principally  around 
the  great  bay  of  Killybegs.  **One  of  tncir  castles  is  still 
to  be  seen  by  the  traveller,  after  he  passes  Dunkineely, 
standing  on  a  ledge  of  rock  over  McSwyne's  Bay,  and 
boldly  confronting  the  western  ocean"  {Handbook  of 
South 'U^stem  Donegal).  This  was  the  residence  of  the 
princely  Niall  Mor  McSwyne,  whom  the  Four  Masters, 
at  the  year  1524,  describe  as  **a  constable  of  hardiest 
hand  and  heroism,  best  in  withholding  and  attacking, 
best  in  hospitality  and  prowess,  who  had  the  most 
numerous  troops  and  the  most  vigorous  soldiers,  and  who 
had  forced  the  greatest  number  of  passes  of  any  man  of 
his  own  fair  tribe."    The  successor  of  this  powerful  chief 


was  obliged  to  be  satisfied  with  2,000  acres  in  i^ 
which,  perhaps,  was  more  than  he  could  then  ntt^ 
He  had  been  m  prison  for  joining  O'Dogherty,  aad  i^ 
not  probably  expect  even  to  have  escaped  a  uaiw* 
death. 

(242).  Neene  James, — ^This  ladv  was  motber-in-livlt 
Sir  Niall  Carve  0*Donnell,  and  an  important  viOM 
against  him  on  his  trial  for  complicity  in  0*Dog^ll|^ 
revolt. 


(243).  Bourk, — This  lady,  one  of  the  poweifiil 
the  Burkes  in  Connaught,  was  of  tme  Anglo-Nc 
descent.     Her  race  becune  so  Iri^  in  all  their  uaA 
and  habits  that  they  were  very  generally  rcgnidcd  bf 
inhabitants  of  the  Pale  as  of  Irisn  dciccnt 


GRANTS    AND    GRANTEES.  329 

Liter  ;  half  of  Bradard  quarter ;  Aghalatine,  one  quarter ;  Altcrone,  one  quarter ;  Femore,  one 
LTter;  Carricknasmere,  one  quarter;  Carrowmassinassa,  one  quarter;  Killnickelowe,  one 
Liter ;  Gortnaleckie,  one  quarter ;  Y^  parts  of  Greslagh  quarter ;  and  7a  o(  Breaghwy  quarter ; 
aJl,  2,000  acres.  Rent,  21/.  6s,  Sd.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in 
dm  on  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.  26  February, 
[1610-11]. 

9.  Grant  to  JVea/e  Garrow  McRoivrie  \(y DonneU\  gent.     The  two  towns  or  half  quarters  of 
1  and  Glannynagh  in  Rosquill,  128  acres.     Rent,  i/.  7^.  s'/V^. 

10.  Grant  to  Caffer  McHugh  Duffe  (J Donnelly  gent.     The  two  half  quarters  of  Fynnower  and 
ilagh,  128  acres.     Rent,  i/.  75.  sVa^* 

11.  Grant  io  Hugh  Boy  McQuin^  gent.     The   two   towns   or  half  quarters   of  Feart  and 
ann5Teogh  in  Rosquill,  128  acres.     Rent,  i/.  71.  sV^^. 

12.  Grant  to  Doneil  McQuin,  gent.     The  two  half  quarters  of  Glancho  and  Reighmore,  128 
res.     Rent,  i/.  71.  2»^j\d. 

13.  Grant  to  Hugh  boy  McSwine,  gent.     The  two  half  quarters  of  Tierbackhan  and  Island- 
raie  in  Rosquill,  128  acres.     Rent,  i/.  71.  sV,^. 

14.  Grant  to  Patrick  Crone  McCree^  gent.     The  two  half  quarters  of  Develanaghey  and  Deve- 
ireagh,  128  acres.     Rent,  i/.  is.  yj^/i. 

15.  Grant  to  NeaU  McMulmorie  Mc Swine  and  Tir/agh  Carragh  McSwiiie^  gents.     The  two 
If  quarters  of  Aghalatiffe  and  Dowaghbegg,  128  acres.     Rent,  1/.  7^.  sV^^- 

16.  Grant  to  Chven  McGil/patrick,  gent.     The  lands  of  Magherilegawregan  in  Rosquill,  two 
If  quarters,  128  acres.     Rent,  i/.  71.  z'M- 

17.  Grant  to  Fa rroll  McHugh  (yOaichor,  gent.      The  moiety  of  the  two  half  quarters  of 
angillagranny  and  Raurisse  in  Rosquill,  64  acres.     Rent,  131.  774^* 

18.  Grant  to  Donuell  Groome  McArte.     Carrowcreeny,  7,  quarter,  64  acres.     Rent,  13^.  77X' 

19.  Grant  to  Grany  Ny  Donuell.     Carnegara,  one  quarter,  128  acres.     Rent,  i/.  71.  3'/^^. 

20.  Grant  to  Murtagh  O'Dougan  Owen  Modder  McSunne,  Chven  McMorphy^  Donell 
-Droeney,  Donough  O'Seren,  Calvagh  McBtyan  Roe  McSivine,  and  Neale  McSwine.  The  lands  of 
irrowgirrie,  '/a  quarter ;  Rousky,  one  quarter ;  Skeagh,  one  quarter ;  Greslagh,  '/^  (parter ; 
^owreagh,  ""j^oi  a  quarter;  Crevrin,  '/^  quarter;  Oghtergliny,  one  quarter;  Dromball(igh,  one 
barter;  and  Carrownecreeny,  '/^  quarter.  Rents  as  above,  in  proportion  to  their  several  quantities 
f  land,  to  commence  in  all  cases  at  Easter,  1614;  and  all  grantees  to  hold  forever,  as  of  the 
^tle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster. 
7  December,  8th  [1610]. 

21.  Grant  to  Hugh  McHugh  Duffe  \0' Donnell\  gent.  Ramaltan,  one  quarter,  with  the  castle 
lereon  ;  Breagh\\y,  Nahard,  Derriemoenaghan,  Carne,  Clone,  Glanmore,  and  Glanbegg,  each  one 
arter;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  Rent,  10/.  13^.  4^/.  The  premises  are  erected  into  the  manor  of 
wialfon,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold  during  life ;  remainder  to 
Richard  Hansard  and  his  heirs  forever ;  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster. 
December,  8th  [16  lo]. 

R    I 


330 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


2  2.  Grant  to  Donell  Ballagh  CGalchor,  Dawltagh  McDonnell  Ballagh^  Edmond  bay  OSy 
Tirlagh  Oge  OBoyU,  Irrd  O' Boyle,  Cahir  McMalcavouf,  S/iane  McTirlagh,  Dirwaltagh  McGUUiu^ 
Farrell  McTirlagh  Oge,  Loy  Cf  deary,  and  Shane  (yCleary,  The  lands  of  Dromnenagh,  Kil/< 
mastie,  Dromurackan,  Glaske,  Ticoragh,  Cragh,  and  Derrenagh,  one  quarter  each ;  and  hair  a 
Clandonnell  quarter ;  in  all,  960  acres ;  rent,  10/.  ^.  lod, 

23.  Grant  to  Owen  Oge  McOiven,  and  Otuen  McOiven  Edegany,      The  other  half  of  Clan- 
donnell, and  the  half  of  Carrowgarragh,  128  acres.     Rent,  i/.  8j.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle 
of    Dublin,  in   common   socage,  and   subject   to   the   conditions  of   the   plantation  of  Ulster. 
10  Januar}',  13th,  [16 15]. 

IV.  The  Precinct  of  Clinawly  (244),  in  the  county  of  Fermanagh. 

Servitors. 
T.  Grant  to  Sir  John  Davys  (245),  Knight,  attorney-general  Shankill  and  Dirricurra,  one 
tate ;  Saghcoagh  and  Dirriogh,  one  tate ;  Skegh  and  Drumdrinagh,  one  tate ;  Dirriguffe  and 
Dirricarmicke,  one  tate ;  Aghadaraghan  and  Dirrilaghan,  one  tate ;  Lisbofin  and  Goacorck,  one 
tate;  Dromcoulin,  one  tate;  the  moiety  of  Rahallan,  one  tate;  '/s  P^"^  ^^  Dromconily quarter; 
4  quarters  of  Moieghvane,  viz.,  T^yme,  Trelick,  Moykeele,  and  Mullalough,  except  */^  of  Lyme 
quarter  ;  in  all,  1,500  acres.  Rent,  12/.  English.  The  premises  created  the  manor  of  Moyegkvi»i, 
with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  A  Thursday  market,  and  a  fair  on  St  John 
Baptist's  Day,  and  for  two  days  after,  at  Lisgoole,  rent,  6s.  Sd.  Irish.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the 
castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster. 
9  January,  8th  [16 10- 11  J. 


(244).  Ciinawly. — This  precinct,  now  known  as  the 
barony  of  Glenmuley,  is  bounded  on  the  north  and  north- 
cast,  by  the  barony  of  Magheral)oy  ;  on  the  east,  by  the 
barony  of  Tyrkennedy  and  Magherastephana ;  on  the 
south,  by  the  barony  of  Knockninny,  and  on  the  west,  by 
the  county  of  Lcitrim.  The  baronial  map  of  1609  repre- 
sents it  as  bounded  on  the  north,  north-east,  and  north- 
west by  the  county  of  Leitrim  ;  on  the  west  and  south- 
west by  the  baronies  of  Knockninny  and  Magherastephana ; 
and  on  the  cast  and  south -cast  by  Magheralwy.  The 
barony  contains  more  than  75,000  acres,  but  the  map  re- 
presents nearly  this  whole  area  as  occupied  by  servitors  and 
natives,  although  l>oth  classes  were  supposed  to  have  had 
only  about  8,500  acres  distributed  among  them  all  ! 
The  three  servitors,  Davys,  Harrison,  and  Mostin,  occu- 
pied the  central  and  best  parts  of  the  barony,  whilst  the 
natives  got  their  small  patches  of  freehold  on  the  outskirts, 
and  along  the  mountainous  districts. 

(245).  Davys. — Davys  had  evidently  selected  his  posi- 
tion in  this  precinct  when  visiting  the  neigh lx)urhood  as 
a  commissioner.  I  lis  lands  lay  along  those  of  Lisgoole 
ablK*y,  and  extended  thence  to  the  vicinity  of  Knniskillen. 
They  occupied  the  very  heart  of  that  sylvan,  meadowy, 
and  wheat-bearing  district.  When  rules  were  being  drawn 
up  to  regulate  the  choice  of  such  servitors  as  were  to  be 
undertakers,  one  rule  was  that  no  servitors  but  '  martial' 
men    were    to    be    admitted,     "saving    Mr.    Attorney- 


General,  who  may  have  a  middle  proportion  in  ^Xao^% 
near  Lisgoole."     He  had  thus  added  the  last  and  so* 
coveted  proportion  to  his  list  of  grants  from  the  escbctft' 
lands.     When  in  England,  to  assist  in  makio(;  the  M 
arrangements   for   proclaiming  to  every  undtftiker  hii 
special  share  in  the  spoil,  Davys  made  known  his  aoii^ 
to  leave  Ireland  finally.     In  his  memorial  to  be  pcroitt^ 
to  do  so,  he  states  at  considerable  length  the  many  tod 
great   things  he  had  been   instrumental  in  secanB^'" 
Ireland,  without,  however,  referring  in  the  lemotert  ^ 
to  what  Ireland,  and  especially  Ubter,  had  done  fbrUft 
Af^er  having  "  served  a  prenticeship  of  seven  yemin  1* 
land,"  he  hopes  to  "receive  some  hope  and  con^ 
touching  his  r^;:all,  the  rather  because  the  public  \KattS» 
wherein  his  poor  labour  and  experience  may  be  thoaf^ 
of  some  use,  are  now  for  the  most  part  well  redoced  «* 
settled. "    Of  these  *  businesses'  the  following  may  be  ■<** 
lioned:— "The  escheated  lands  of  Ulster  axe  sctlW  • 
the  Crown,  the  pretended  titles  [on  the  part  of  tbeaatiml 
cleared,  the  records  entitling  his  Majesty  theieonto  ai^ 
perfect  and  retumeil,  and  put  into  a  place  of  safety.    Al 
the  English  lords  and  d^enerated  English,  except  tc^ 
few  of  the  meaner  sort,  have  made  surrenders  of  tkii 
lands,  and  taken  back  estates  thereof,  to  hold  the  ome 
according  to  the  course  of  the  laws  of  Fngland.    AU  ikc 
old  coq)orations  have  renewed  their  charters,  and  dKo 
new  corporations  are  erected,  to  the  incrcaie  of  tnie  ■! 
handicraft  within  that  kingdom. " 


GRANTS   AND    GRANTEES.  33 1 

2.  Grant  to  Samuel  Harrison  (246),  Esq,  Killeconge,  2  tates ;  Mullyar,  2  tates ;  Balliroan, 
tates  ;  Urishe,  2  tates ;  and  '/j  part  of  the  tate  of  Rosigirinagh ;  in  all,  500  acres.  Rent,  4/. 
iglish.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Harrison^  with  200  acres  in  demesne,  and  a 
urt  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the 
nditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     19  July,  8th  [1610-11]. 

3.  Grant  to  Peter  Mostin  (247),  gent.  Bally moychame,  2  tates,  viz.,  Claghanagh  and  Cavan ; 
jegilleduffe,  one  tate  ;  Knockeglasney  and  Mullycomead,  one  tate ;  Drumconilane,  2  tates,  viz., 
rumconilane  and  Carrickerane  ;  Drowamullen  and  Cossrushe,  one  tate  ;  the  parcels  of  land  in  or 
ar  the  mountain  of  Munterfodoghane,  viz.,  Aghykilligolman,  3  acres  ;  Greaghfurt  and  Inishteige, 
le  acre ;  Latoone,  one  acre ;  Tebunane,  one  acre  ;  and  Killtrasney,  one  acre  ;  in  all,  246  acres. 
*nt,  2/.  English.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject 

the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     21  December,  8th  [16 10]. 

Natives. 

1.  Grant  to  Cor  mock  (yCassida^  gent.  Five-sixths  of  the  half  quarter  of  Montagh  ;  100  acres. 
?nt,  i/.  IX.  3//. 

2.  Grant  to  Donell  dean  Magioire  and  James  McDonough  Magwire^  gents.  Brackagh, 
)hewny,  and  Dromlaghin,  2  tates;  half  of  the  Ya  quarter  of  Rahallan,  viz.,  Lisrahan  and 
jghtcgillan,  one  balliboe  \  Cavan  and  Dirrihawlaght,  one  tate ;  half  of  '/a  quarter  of  Gortcorcke, 
le  tate  ;  in  all,  300  acres.     Rent,  3/.  4?.  od. 

3.  Grant  to  Rorie  McAdegany  Magivire,  Owen  McCoconaght  Magwire,  and  Donell  Oge 
Muldoon,  gents.  Clontedarragh  and  Skrine,  one  tate ;  Callin  and  Shralaste,  one  tate  ;  and  half 
e  tate  of  Carrickboyagher  ;  in  all,  150  acres.     Rent,  i/.  12s,  od, 

4.  Grant  to  Donough  Oge  Magzvire,  gent.  Dromgawgh  and  Nasraghana,  one  tate  ;  V3  of  the 
te  of  Claghanagh  and  Tully  ;  \U  of  the  tates  of  Killeighan  and  Cavanreagh  ;  in  all,  100  acres. 
2nt,  1/.  IX.  4^/. 

5.  Grant  to  Felim  Oge  Magivire^  gent.  Lisbloyhick  and  Lisdirry,  one  tate  ;  Agheanemy,  one 
te  ;  Ve  part  of  the  half  of  Carrickmeglearty ;  '/j  of  the  tate  in  Cavanreagh ;  in  all,  1 90  acres, 
ent,  2/.  OS.  id. 

6.  Grant  to  Cahell  McGilleduffe  Magwire^  gent.  The  half  of  the  7a  quarter  of  Carrick- 
egliferty,  one  tate  ;  Y3  of  the  tate  of  Killeighan;  in  all,  100  acres.      Rent,  i/.  is.  4//. 

7.  Grant  to  Redmond  McGillpatrick  Magwire,  gent.  Tibbredan  and  Tone-Ineal,  one  tate  ; 
If  the  tates  of  Cavanreagh  and  Carrickboyagher ;  Gortery,  one  tate ;  and  7^  part  of  the  tate  of 
ilcheighan  ;  in  all,  190  acres.     Rent,  2/.  os.  id, 

8.  Grant   to   Shane  McHugh,   gent.     Half  of  the   quarter   of  Crottan,  one   tate ;  half  of 

246).    Harrison. — This   undertaker    was    an    English  (247).  Alostin. — This   undertaker,    whose   surname   is 

vitor  in  Ireland,  but  to  what  locality  he  originally  be-       more  generally  written  Mosiyfty  came  from  Flintshire,  in 
ged  is  doubtful.     He  was  probably  the  progenitor  of      Wales,  but  he  did  not  leave  any  mark  of  himself  in  Ulster, 
numerous   respectable  families  bearing  his  surname       nor  did  he  ever  reside,  even  for  a  time,  on  his  proportion, 
oughout  northern  Ulster.  In  1618  Pynnar  reported  that  he  [Mostin]  then  dwelt  in 

Connaught. 


\ 


332  THE  PLANTATION  IN  ULSTER. 

Coolearkan  7,  quarter,  one  tate ;  Gortgullinan  and  Gortcasshelly,  one  tate ;  Killaraide  a.nd 
Feuleany,  one  tate;  half  of  Mollalosty  7,  quarter,  one  tate;  '7„  of  the  half  quarter  of  Carroivrili^- 
in  all,  350  acres.     Rent,  3/.  14^.  Sd. 

9.  Grant   to  Donell    McCormock,  gent..    7„   of  the  half  quarter  of  I>romboy,   50 
Rent,  los.  St/. 

JO.  Grant  to  Coconaght  McHugh^  gent.,  7i2  of  the  half  quarter  of  Aghonaglacky,  50  acr'' 
Rent,  10 J".  Zd. 

1 1.  Grant  to  Donough  Oge  McHugh^  gent,  V„  of  the  half  quarter  of  Aghonaglacky,  50  acft 
Rent,  \os,  Sd. 

1 2.  Grant  to  Donough  Oge  McDonaghy  Magivire^  gent      Dromleaghin  and  Listokerry,  01 
tate ;  half  of  the  73  quarter  of  Culyelane,  one  tate  ;  7"  of  the  half  quarter  of  Kilticryne  ;  '/„  of  tl 
half  quarter  of  Carrowkille ;  and  724  of  the  half  quarter  of  Drumem^-'Wome ;  in  all,  145 
Rent,  2/.  IX.  M, 

13.  Grant  to  Felim  McAwly,  gent.,  Via  of  the  half  quarter  of  Aghoheris,  50  acres.  Rent,  lox. 

14.  Grant  to  Bryan  Oge  Magwire^  gent.  Rosay  and  Longe,  one  tate;  half  of  the  7i quait^^-*' 
of  Garrowhille,  one  tate ;  '/^  of  the  tate  of  Tatenemona  and  Gartencally ;  7«  of  the  half  quartered  ^ 
Aghoheris  ;  and  724  of  the  half  quarter  of  DromemcWome ;  in  all,  145  acres.     Rent,  2/.  is,  8/ 

15.  Grant  to  Donough  McRorie,  gent,  Ve  of  the  tate  of  Tatenemona  and  Gartancall^ -^.^t 
50  acres.     Rent,  10s.  Sd, 

16.  Gmnt  to  J^orie  Magu*ire^  gent  Crosmurrin,  one  tate;  7^  of  the  tate  of  KnockygihiirTK" ne 
and  Augherauna ;  7i2  of  the  half  quarter  of  Dromboy  ;  and  V„  of  the  half  quarter  of  Aghonaglack^i  r; 
100  acres.     Rent,  i/.  \s,  4^. 

17.  Grant  to  Thomas  Mcjames  McDun  Magivirfy  Bryan  Mcjames  McDun  Magwire^  and  Hk^  =fi 
Mcjames  McDun  Magwire^  gents.  Clontemoylan,  7a  tate ;  Necorahy  and  Teimewho,  7»  tat^zize; 
120  acres.     Rent,  i/.  5^.  Sd, 

18.  Grant  to  Tirlagh  Moyle  Magunre,  gent.     Leanemoyle,  one  tate;  half  the  7.  quarter       of 
Laengenvy,  being  one  tate  in  Glack ;  half  the  79  of  Gortencorcke,  being  one  tate  in  Mon^^^f. 
fodoghane ;  Gortneconnell,  one  tate ;  half  the  7-.  quarter  of  Mollaghdon,  being  one  tate ;  in    siS, 
300  acres.     Rent,  3/.  4^.  od.  English. 

19.  Grant  to  Bryan  McThomas  [Afagwire],  gent.     Gortnecronaghtee  and  Lawghto,  one  tate; 
Carricknenefawe,  one  tate  ;  half  the  '/,  quarter  of  Dromboy,  one  tate  ;  V3  of  the  tate  of  TollyhoDf, 
Dirrilaghta  and  Knockmcgallacrum  ;  in  all,  220  acres.     Rent,  2/.  7^.  od. 

20.  Grant  to  Patrick  McDone//,  gent.  Crowhdrim  and  Moher,  one  tate ;  Tulladean  and 
Aghterorke,  one  tate  ;  in  all,  120  acres.     Rent,  1/.  5^.  Sd. 

2 1  Grant  to  Shane  McEnabb  [or  McCabe\  gent  Half  the  7a  quarter  of  DrommcEnveiue, 
one  tate  ;  the  fourth  part  of  the  7^  quarter  of  Aghorerishe ;  Vs  P^"^  of  the  half  quarta  ol 
Carrowneluggc ;  in  all,  130  acres.     Rent,  i/.  71.  lod, 

22  Grant  to  Patrick  McHugh  Magwire^  gent  Tireknight  and  Knockbrack,  one  taite; 
Rossem«£voynne,  one  tate  ;  and  the  fourth  part  of  the  7a  quarter  of  Agheherish  in  Gladce ;  in  all, 
140  acres.     Rent,  i/.  \os,  od. 


GRANTS    AND    GRANTEES.  333 

rrant  to  Bryan  G  Corcoran^  gent.  The  moiety  of  the  '/,  quarter  of  Anaboo,  being  one 
the  moiety  of  the  Va  quarter  of  Aghcorreboy,  one  tate  ;  in  all,  120  acres.     Rent,  i/.  5X.  %d, 

rrant  to  Edmund  McBryan  McShane,  gent.  Lisdawericke  and  Megin,  one  tate; 
one  tate ;  Vj  part  of  the  tate  of  Tollohony,  Dirrilaghta,  and  Knockmcgallcrum  ;  '/j,  part 
of  Gortnesillagh  ;  in  all,  140  acres.     Rent,  i/.  lox.  od. 

rrant  to  Felim  Duffe  McBrien,  gent.  The  moiety  of  the  Va  quarter  of  Carrowkeyle,  being 
and  Y3  of  the  tate  of  Gortnesallagh ;  in  all,  100  acres.     Rent,  i/.  ix.  4^. 

rrant  to  Cormocke  McDonell^  gent.  The  moiety  of  the  V,  quarter  of  Carrownelugge  ;  7, 
moiety  of  the  said  7a  quarter  of  Carrownelugge ;  and  75  of  the  moiety  of  the  7a  quarter 
;  in  all,  100  acres.     Rent,  i/.  u.  4^. 

rant  to  Connor  McTirlagh^  gent.  The  moiety  of  the  7a  quarter  of  Mollolostie,  one  tate ; 
ts  of  the  moiety  of  the  7a  quarter  of  Aghrim ;  in  all,  100  acres.     Rent,  1/.  \s,  4^/. 

rant  to  Bryan  McMulrony^  gent.  Garbolly,  one  tate ;  lisromady,  one  tate  ;  Dretcreagh, 
and  Dromcreagh,  one  tate  ;  in  all,  240  acres.     Rent,  2/.  i  is,  4^. 

rant  io  John  Afagufire,  gent.  Cough  and  Creenagh,  one  tate;  Killbrissill  and  Dromboe^ 
in  the  barony  of  Coole  and  Tiracanda ;  and  73  P^rt  of  the  tate  of  Clagane  and  TuUy  in 
in  all,  140  acres.     Rent,  i/.  los.  od. 

rant  to  Dondl  Groome  McArte,  gent  The  two  Knocks,  one  tate ;  half  the  7a  quarter  of 
[le  tate  ;  Yj  parts  of  the  tate  of  Clohonagh  and  TuUy  ;  and  76  P^rt  of  the  moiety  of  the 
of  Carrickvickelasartie  ;  in  all,  150  acres.     Rent,  i/.  12s.  4^. 

rant  to  Hugh  O'Flanegan,  gent.  Two-thirds  of  one  tate  in  Dromchoe  and  Risgirana ; 
sh,  one  tate  ;  Cleyonah  and  Tonilefin,  one  tate ;  half  of  the  7a  quarter  of  Legneyeagh ; 
he  tate  of  Gortetowell ;  in  all,  192  acres.     Rent,  2/.  is.  od. 

rant  to  Oghy  GHossy^  gent.     Corgaragh  and  Legneborne,  one  tate;  Carrigenaran,  7» 

ncherine  and  Mullyarlogher,  one  tate ;  of  and  in  Samsonogh,  one  tate ;  viz.,  Mullagh- 

Dromeluyhy,  210  acres;  Came,  2  tates,  120  acres;  rent,  3/.  10s.  Sd. ;  Downegerit  and 

acres,  rent,  12s.  10^/. 

rant  to  Cormac  Oge  McHugh^  gent.     Gortneridge,  Roscorky,  and  Corlea,  one  and  7» 

ranan  and  Cornegie,  one  tate ;  Dirries,  7=  tate  ;  in  all,  180  acres.     Rent,  i/.  iZs.  4//. 

rant  to  Sham  McDenett^  gent     Carrickoleghan  and  Carrickordrentan,  one  tate,  60  acres. 

English. 

rant  to  Shane  McDonell  Ballagh  zn^  Brian  CSkanlan.     Dromen,  2  tates;  120  acres. 

s.  Zd. 

rant  to  Shane  Evarr  Magunre^  gent.     Mullaghbane  and  Corr,  one  tate ;  Trean,  7a  tate ; 

:he  tate  of  Gortetowell ;  in  all,  96  acres.     Rent,  i/.  os.  4//. 

rant  to  Cormock  McBryan  Magwire^  gent.     Cullintragh,  Garrowff,  and  Cloghrane,  one 

n  and  Mullaghgarrowff,  '/,  tate ;  and  7xo  of  the  tate  of  Gortetowell ;  in  all,  96  acres. 

r.  ^d. 


334 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


38.  Grant  to  Cor  mock  McCallo  Magwire^  gent.  Aboo,  one  tate  ;  half  of  Kilechrine  '/« qtwrtc 
one  tate;  Vio  of  ^^e  half  quarters  of  Legeneyeagh  and  Coolyellan;  in  all,  144  acres.  Ren 
i/.  1 1  J.  od, 

39.  Grant  to  Conogher  Glasse  Magtvire^  gent.,  Vj  of  the  half  quarter  of  Coolyellan^  48  acre 
Rent,  los,  4//. 

40.  Grant  to  Henry  McElynan,  gent  Four-fifths  of  the  tate  of  Drian  and  Large ;  48  aac 
Rent,  loj.  4//. 

41.  Grant  to  Felim  McElynan,  gent.  Two-fifths  of  the  */,  of  I..egneyeyh,  48  acres.  Ret 
105.  4//. 

42.  Grant  to  Melaghlin  Oge  McCorr^  gent  Five-sixths  of  the  tate  of  Agharosblonick  ai 
Gorteconnell,  50  acres.     Rent,  los,  %d, 

43.  Grant  to   Connell  Mc  JVorn'n,  gent      Cullintragh,  one  tate ;  "/^  of  the  half  quarter 
Glanganywy  ;  V«o  of  the  tate  of  Drian  and  Lurge ;  in  all,  100  acres.     Rent,  il.  is,  4J, 

44.  Grant  to  Moriertagh  (yplanegan^  gent     Mullyneshangan  and  Killymanymenagh,  one  tak 
one-fourth  of  the  Va  quarter  of  Langanywy ;  7io  of  the  tate  of  Cryan  and  Luige ;   100 
Rent,  i/.  I  J.  4^. 

45.  Grant  to  Hugh  Boy  Afagwire,  gent.     Half  of  the  7,  quarter  of  Aghrim,  one  tate ; 
of  Gortetowell  tate  ;  in  all,  96  acres.     Rent,  i/.  os,  4//. 

46.  Grant   to  Patrick   McHughy    gent.       Five-sixths    of   the  tate    of    Knockigighan 
Agharauna,  50  acres.     Rent,  loj.  %d, 

47.  Grant  to  Rorie  McDonough  Afagiuire  and  Fat  BcUlagh  Magwire,  gents,   Dronuick 
TuUyhallgwy,  one  tate ;  one  half  of  the  Yi  quarter  of  MuUadoon,  one  tate ;  Aghecorboy,  one  Cs 
Ye  of  the  tate  of  Aghrostlonick  and  Gorteconnell ;  in  all,  190  acres.     Rent,  2/.  os.  %d, 

48.  Grant  to  Tirlagh  Mergagh  Magwire  and  Felim  Duffe  McRorie  Magwire^  gents.  F 
t^^'elfths  of  the  Ya  quarters  of  Drommacwomie  and  Kilkrene  ;  100  acres.     Rent,  i/.  ix.  ^ 

49.  Grant  to  Garrett  Magivire  and  John  Magiuire^  gents.  Dromany,  one  tate ;  60  ac 
Rent,  1 3 J. 

The  above  grantees  to  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subsf 
to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.  16  February,  8th  [i6io*ii],  and  10  Scpteob" 
9th  [161 1]. 

v.  The  Precinct  of  Coole  and  Tircannada  (248),  county  of  Fermanagh. 

Servitors. 
I.  Grant  to  Sir  Henry  Folliott  (249),  Knt,      The  tate  of  Cooleconragh,  and  the  landi  ^ 


(248).  Tircannada. — This  precinct  is  designated  on  the 
baronial  map  of  1609  as  The  Barony  of  Maghery  Steffanah 
with  yf  7 wo  JIalfe  Bar.  of  Coole  and  Tircannada.  The 
whole  plantation  precinct  was  thus  simply  commensurate 
with  the  two  present  baronies  of  Magherastephana  and 
Tyrkcnnedy.  The  two  baronies  comprised  in  this  precinct 
contain  upwards  of  1 16, cxd6  acres,  yet  the  baronial  map 
represents  this  vast  area  as  being  aJmost  entirely  occupied 
by  nine  undertakers,  four  of  whom  were  servitors,  and 


five  natives,  then  supposed  to  have  had  about  9*000 1 
acres  distributed  among  them  alL     To  thb 
however,  must  be  addra  aboat  6,000  acra 
Connor  Roe  Maguire,  and  the  comparatively  flaall  poni 
set  apart  for  glebes. 

(249).  FolliotU—lMxA  undertaker  was  crated  bi 
Folliott,  of  Ballyshannon,  in  1619^  and  the  title  We 
extinct  at  the  death  of  his  gmndaoo,  the  tkM  1 
Folliott,  in  1716. 


GRANTS    AND   GRANTEES. 


335 


lier,  Cinliartinleigh  otherwise  Killgartinliaghy,  Salry,  Dromkyn,  Dromroonagh,  Dromcryne, 
Lyx:i.^hdy,  Coolecarrane,  Killigh,  Kildrum,  Cowlaughie,  Killymittle,  Telleraghan,  Rosscorr, 
TOXKCOone,  Ardglea,  Relaghe,  Curryn,  Knocknemawell,  and  Drumcullin ;  in  all,  1,500  acres. 
Vk^  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Dromchine^  with  500  acres  in  demesne,  a  court  baron,  and 
to  create  tenures.  Rent,  12/.  English,  to  commence  from  Easter,  161 4.  To  hold  forever, 
the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     16 10. 

2.  Grant  to  Ro^er  Attkinson  (250).     Ballydrombrochus,  Keadagh,  Tulloharvie,  and  Killynan, 
each  ;  Carrowm<^mewe,  one  and  '/,  tate  ;  Killiwilly,  one  tate  ;  Garwirry,  2  tates ;  Ballyreagh, 

t3.^es ;  and  Lassan,  2  tates  ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  CooU^  with 
^oo  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  Rent,  8/.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of 
L>ut>lin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.  20  January, 
5tli   ti6io]. 

3.  Grant  to  William  Cole  (251),  Esq,  The  towns  and  lands  of  Tawnestrick  and  Corrigrade, 
one  tate ;  V'^  Cavanlecke,  one  tate ;  Lavue,  2  tates  ;  Dromyea,  one  tate ;  Ballidowla,  2  tates ; 
Carrownagilla,  one  and  '/a  tate  ;  Breaghwy,  2  tates ;  Gortinesan,  one  tate ;  Mullyneskar,  Dromore, 
and.  Gortanoghoe,  one  tate  each  ;  Dromean  and  Rosse,  one  tate ;  Killibrackan  and  Drombranagher, 
one  tate;  the  five  last  mentioned  tates  being  in  the  barony  of  Clinawly ;  in  all,  1,000  acres. 
Rent,  8/.  English.  The  premises  created  the  manor  of  Corrigrade^  with  300  acres  in  demesne, 
power  to  create  tenures,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  by  fealty,  in 
common  socage.     16  November,  9th  [161 1]. 

4.  QiXzxiX.  Xo  Paul  Goore  (2^2)y  Esq,     Largiloughsharke,  2  tates;  Carricke,  8  tates;  Killiegh, 


(250).  Attkinson. — This  undertaker  came   to   Ireland 
about  the  time  the  war  with  O'Neill  commenced,  in  1595. 
In  October,   1603,   he  was  granted  a  pension  of  4J.  per 
^em,   probably  for  his  services  as  a  spy.     In  1604,  Uiis 
P^sion  was  increased  to  6j.  per  day  ;  and  on  the  loth  of 
November,  in  the  same  year,  he  was  granted  the  office  of 
provost-marshaH  of  Lough  Foyle,  and  of  the  forces  and 
P^'Tisons  in  the  city  of  Derry,  or  elsewhere  in  Ulster. 
See  Hrck's  Repertory,  pp.  75,  126. 

U51).  William  Cole. — Seep.  179.    The  representatives 
of  this  undertaker,  have,  since  his  time,  laid  claim  to  a 
distinguished  origin  from  the  circumstance  that  the  name 
^^^^   appears  with  others  in  a  deed  of  \Villiam  the  Con- 
<lweror,  in  the  year  1070.     At  the  time  of  this  William 
pole's  advent  to  Ireland,  there  were  very  many  families 
naving  the  same  surname  in  England,  but  how  he  was 
descended,  or  whether  he  was  descended  at  all  from  the 
Zde  of  1070,  does  not  appear,  although  Lodge,  with  the  help 
of  afamily  pedigree,  has  done  his  best  to  make  matters  clear. 
(See  Vol.  vi.  o{\i\%  Peerage y  edited  byArchdall,  pp.  37,  43). 
In  addition,   however,   to  Captain  Cole's  proportion  of 
Corrigrade,  as  above  described,  320  acres  were  granted  to 
hixn»  28th  May,    1612,  at  a  rent  of  20  shillings  Irish,  80 
ad^of  which  were  **  assigned  for  the  town  of  Enniskillen, 
uritli  exception  of  the  castle  and  the  other  two  third  parts 
of  the  island  of  Enniskillen,  together  with  covenants  for 
planting,  building,  and  inhabiting  the  said  town,  accord- 
ing to  a  plan  set  down  by  the  Lonl  Deputy  for  Sir  Ralph 


Bingley,  and  Captain  Basil  Brook,  with  the  grant  of  a 
market  and  a  fair,  the  clerkship  of  the  market,  and  keep- 
ing of  a  toll  booth  within  the  said  town  ;  and  a  prohibition 
that  none  should  sell  by  retail  within  three  miles  of  the 
town,  but  such  as  Captain  Cole  should  plant  there  or  be 
resident ;  for  performance  of  which  covenants  he  entered 
into  bonds  to  the  Crown,  and  having  fulfilled  his  engage- 
ments, the  town  was  incorporated  by  charter,  he  himself 
being  the  first  provost. "    Ibid.  p.  43. 

(252).  Goore,  —  This  undertaker,  whose  surname  is 
now  generally  written  Gore,  was  the  eldest  son  of  Gerard 
Gore,  a  merchant- tailor  and  alderman  of  London.  He 
came  to  Ireland  as  commander  of  a  troop  of  horse, 
immediately  after  the  defeat  of  the  English  on  the  Black- 
water,  by  the  Earl  of  Tyrone,  in  1598.  Gore  was  sent  by 
Lord  Mount  joy,  in  November,  1602,  with  the  Queen^ 
protection  to  Rory  O'Donnell,  who  had  petitioned  to  be 
admitted  to  mercy,  with  directions  to  bring  him  to 
Mountjoy,  then  i.i  Connaught,  On  the  14th  of  December, 
Gore  brought  O'Donnell  to  Athlone,  where,  with  O'Connor 
Sligo,  he  made  his  humble  submission.  For  this  and 
other  distinguished  services.  Gore  was  knighted,  and,  as 
alleged,  got  a  grant  **from  the  Queen  of  the  barony  of 
Boylagh  and  Bannagh,  of  which  he  was  in  actual  posses- 
sion for  some  years  until  King  James  I.  granted  these 
lands  to  the  Earl  of  Annandale,  and  in  lieu  thereof  gave 
Sir  Paul,  3rd  January,  1610,  a  much  inferior  estate  upon 
the  plantation  of  Ulster,  viz.,  1,348  acres  of  escheated 


336 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


2  tates ;  Cloghogall,  one  tate ;  Shancogh,  one  and  '/^  tate ;  Carrowkeill,  2  tates ;  in  all,  1,000 
acres.  Also,  the  whole  island  called  McManus  Island,  and  Inishmore,  in  Lougherne,  containing 
5  tates  and  7,  part  of  a  quarter,  being  by  estimation  348  acres.  Rent,  10/.  i6s,  od.  The[xtmises 
are  created  the  manor  of  Inishmore^  with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hoM 
forever,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.  3  Januaiy, 
8th  [1610-11]. 

Natives. 

1.  Grant  to  Con  Mc Shane  O'Neale  (253),  gent.  In  Dromcor,  2  tates,  viz.,  Dromcor  and 
Nabrackah ;  in  Camgart,  2  tates,  viz.,  Camgart,  Dromginy,  and  Lisdrombreane ;  in  Rathnuly,  2 
tates,  viz,,  Ramaly  and  Cloneconead ;  in  Mullas^vylogagh,  2  tates,  viz.,  Mullosillogagh  and  Clon^ 
telten  ;  in  Maghsnaght,  2  tates,  viz.,  Maghsnaght  and  Cavamine ;  in  Famis,  2  tates,  viz.,  Famisand 
Cromegawcha  ;  in  Clabby  and  Dromhirke,  one  tate ;  in  Ratoran,  2  tates,  viz.,  Ratoran  and  Lis- 
laghlane ;  in  Knoighmore,  2  tates,  viz.,  Knoighmore  and  Rakilane ;  in  Tiraltane,  2  tates,  \u, 
Tiraltane  and  Lisrokearny ;  in  Dromdirig,  2  tates,  viz.,  Dromdirig  and  TuUynevoun ;  in  NafncU,  2 
tates  ;  and  in  Lisdronekyneragh,  2  tates;  in  all,  1,500  acres.  Rent,  16/.,  to  commence  with  Easter, 
1614.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Ciabbye,  with  450  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court 
baron,  a  Tuesday  market,  a  fair  on  the  24th  of  June  and  day  following  at  Clabbye,-  rent,  51.  To 
hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the 
plantation  of  Ulster.     [ 1 6 1  o]. 

2.  Grant  to  Biyan  Maguyre  (254),  gent.    The  moiety  of  the  7a  quarter  of  Carrowy,  one  tate;  I 
Necrene,  two  tates,  viz.,  Necrene  and  Killcgane;  in  Inleyme,  2  tates,  viz.,  Inleyme  and  LeaghiK 
TullioUcho,  one  tate ;  in  Killcraw,  2  tates,  viz.,  Killcraw  and  Tateniwire ;  in  Uncrogh,  2  tates,  v 
Uncrogh,  Bavadigane,  and  Dirigcrch ;  in  Dromachan,  2  tates,  viz.,  Dromachan  and  Letter\"iDe=^ 
in  Cilangeasse,  2  tates,  viz.,  Glangeasse  and  Tonyglassane ;  in  Brochar,  2  tates,  viz.,  Brochar 
Coolecrenacha ;    in    Glanegrefannane,    2    tates,    viz.,   Glanegrefannane    and    Glanenevally ; 
Teadanmore,  2  tates,  viz.,  Tcadanmore  and  Disert ;  in  Tull)Tieglog,  2  tates,  viz.,  Tullyneglpg 
Letter ;  in  Killtecollo,  2  tates,  viz.,  Killtecollo  and  Gilleneclosse ;  in  Clarhownagh,  2  tates,  v 
Clarhownagh  and  Culineharrowill ;  in  Ardgroahan,  one  tate ;  in  Lishee  and  Dirirr}*,  one  tal^ 
Clinawly  barony.     In  Coole,  one  tate  ;  the  moiety  of  the  V,  quarter  or  two  tates  of  Drumduffe 
Lismully;  in  Clontichihy  and  Ixanarrah-mc-Enarr,  one  tate;  in  Monyawrigane,  one  tate;  and 
of  Garrowchill  v'a  (juarter;  in  all,  2,000  acres.     Rent,  21/.  6s,  od.    The  premises  are  created 


lands  called  Magherahcgg  in  the  barony  of  Castlccoole 
and  Tircannada  in  the  county  of  Fermanagh,  which  lands 
were  erectc<l  into  a  manor  by  the  name  of  Manor-Gore. '* 
(I-^dge's  /Wraj^v,  edited  by  Archdall,  vol.  iii.,  p.  278). 
The  alleged  grant  to  Gore  of  13oylagh  and  Bannagh  is, 
ai>surc^lly,  mythical,  as  there  is  no  record  of  it,  and  it 
would  have  been  too  liberal  under  the  circumstances.  He 
may  have,  i)robably,  got  a  lustotiiam  of  the  barony  men- 
tioned, and  even  that  would  have  been  only  granted 
temporarily.      Gore  got  his  proportion  in   Fermanagh 


simply  as  a  servitor  who  had  been  selected  with 
servitors  to  be  undertakers,   and  not  in  iiea  of 
deprived  of  tbe  barony  of  Donegal.     Amooff  Goit  s 
was  the  island  of  Ballvmacmanus,  in  Loo^  Ene, 
Bellisie,  once  the  residence  of  Cathal  Mapure,  vlio  t 
compiled  the  very  interesting  fragment  of  Ireland'i  \sBUgf 
known  as  the  Annals  of  Ulster, 
(253).  Con  AfcShane  O^Neale, — See  pu  25a 
(254).  Bryan  Maguyre, — ^This  was  a  younger  bn^ 
of  Cuconnaght  Maguise,  who  died  al  GcnoaTocc  p*  61. 


GRANTS   AND    GRANTEES. 


337 


Inseyicugkygeasse^  with  600  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.     License  to  hold  a 
Y  market  and  a  fair  on  Lammas  day,  Aug.  i,  and  the  day  after  at  Inseyloughgeasse^  6x. 
To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  subject  to  the  conditions 
itation  of  Ulster.     31  December,  8th  [16 10]. 

ant  to  Tirlagh  ^agwire,  gent,  [brother  of  the  preceding  grantee].  In  Doone,  2  tates', 
e  and  Lannacrosse ;  in  Carrowmore,  in  Magherynevan,  in  Mullaghmeen,  in  Ardgart,  in 
,  and  in  Cavanhullcarmuck,  one  tate  each  ;  in  all,  500  acres.  Rent,  5/.  6s,  Sd,  English. 
>rever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dnblin,  in  common  socage.  28  February,  8th. 
ant  \,oJohn  Magwire^  gent.  Cough  and  Creena,  one  tate ;  Kilbrissill  and  Dromloe,  one 
1,  120  acres.     Rent,  i/.  51.  8^/.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common 

ant  to  Richard Magioi re y  gent.,  Agharynagh,  2  tates;  120  acres.     Rent,  i/.  5^.  Zd,     To 
er,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage. 

VI.  The  Precinct  of  Tullaghah  (255),  county  of  Cavan. 

Servitors. 
ant  to  Sir  George  and  Sir  Richard  Greame  (256),  Knts,     The  towns  and  lands  of  Bracklee, 
amera,  one  poll ;  Gortnefreighan,  one  poll ;  Corsmongan,  2  polls  ;  Killchrine,  one  poll ; 

2  polls ;  Mullaghvowtra,  2  ix)lls ;  Cor,  2  polls ;  of  Tawny-yeske,  Y^  poll ;  Aghalough, 
Gortmore,  one  poll ;  Killsobb,  4  polls ;  the  parcel  of  Nacloone,  containing  24  polls, 

polls  of  Dromkaske,   Gortnedar>%  Drombory,   Dirirall,  and  Gortlawnat;  in  all,  2,000 
nt,  16/.  English.     The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Greame,  with  600  acres  in 


^aghah. — See  p.  204.  This  precinct  is  comprised 
barony  of  Tullaghagh,  orTullyhaw,  which  oc- 
treme  north-western  portion  of  the  county  of 
cting  to  a  considerable  distance  between  the 
Fermanagh  and  Leitrim.  Tullaghagh  is 
the  north  and  north-east,  by  the  county  of 
on  the  east,  by  the  baronies  of  Lx)wer 
i  Tullyhunco  ;  and  on  the  south,  the  south- 
ist,  by  the  county  of  Leitrim.  The  bound- 
:)recinct  on  the  baronial  map  of  1609  are  the 
2  above  mentioned, — this  being,  indeed,  the 
r  we  have  yet  found,  where  there  is  a  rule  of 
ath  observed  in  those  maps.  On  the  western 
)recinct  there  is  a  somewhat  extensive  region 
by  the  map  as  unoccupied,  and  the  right  to 
I  disputed  by  the  inhabitants  of  the  two  ad- 
ties  of  Fermanagh  and  Leitrim.  This  *de- 
tory  is  bounded  by  mountains  on  the  south, 
est,  and  on  the  north  by  a  part  of  Lough 
It  is  described  as  "Largie  and  Dowballie, 
ballybetaghes — this  lande  is  in  controversie 
countie  and  the  county  of  Leytrim."  In  the 
are  two  polls  of  church  land,  on  which  is 
ined  church.  Adjoining  this  territory  east- 
is  shown  on  the  map  another  sweep  of  un- 
d  called  Naclone,  and  containing  24  polls. 


In  this,  also,  there  appears  about  one  and  a  half  polls  of 
church  land,  on  which  a  ruined  church  and  a  round  tower 
are  marked.  The  remainder  of  the  precinct,  which  con- 
tains upwards  of  80,000  acres,  is  represented  on  the  map 
as  comprised,  with  the  exception  of  some  church  lands,  in 
the  grants  to  servitors  and  natives,  who  were  supposed  to 
have  had  about  10,000  acres  of  arable  land  distributed 
amongst  them  all ! 

(256).  Graemes. — These  undertakers  were  brothers, 
and  the  sons  of  Sir  George  Graeme  or  Graham,  a  well 
known  servitor  in  Ireland,  who  came  from  the  Scottish 
border,  and  had  established  a  claim  on  the  Government 
by  the  value  and  extent  of  his  services.  In  January, 
1608-9,  the  King  writes  to  Chichester  **to  pass  to  Sir 
Geo.  Greame,  knight,  in  regard  of  his  service,  a  lease  in 
reversion  of  the  abbey  of  St.  John  the  Baptist  in  the 
Nasse  [Naas]  in  the  county  of  Kildare,  whereof  he  is  now 
in  possession,  for  the  term  of  31  years,  to  commence  after 
the  expiration  of  the  lease  in  being,  at  a  rent  of  30/.  4J.  3^. " 
Of  the  crowd  of  Grahams  transplanted  from  the  Borders 
to  the  county  of  Roscommon  (see  p.  228),  several  ran 
away  to  their  kinsman.  Sir  George,  at  Naas,  who  probably 
assisted  some  of  them  to  return  to  the  banks  of  the  Esk 
and  the  Leven.  His  sons  must  have  also  distmguished 
themselves  as  servitors,  having  received  not  only  the 
grant  above  described,  but  also  the  honour  of  knighthood. 


338  THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

demesne,  and  a  court  baron.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  soccage.   3 
June,  13th  [16 15]. 

2.  Grant  to  Hugh  Coolme  (257)  and  Walter  Talbott  (258),  Asqs,  Why  these  servitors obtaine—  ^ 
their  grants  thus  conjointly  is  not  stated.  Culrae*s  grant  conveyed  to  him  the  manor  of  Droman^^  -1 
comprising  Tullienogeughteragh,  Corrighen,  Drumerstolly,  Lismogan,  and  Fugh;  '/«  of  Be^^-s] 
heanahire  and  Bahaha;  7,  of  Clonticonge;  all  in  the  barony  of  Loughtee;  together  with 
whole  territory  of  Doughbally,  containing  16  polls;  and  the  lialf  territory  of  Aghrin,  containinc- 
8  polls  ;  in  the  barony  of  Tullaghagh.  (See  Inquisitions  of  t/lsier^  Cavan,  (14)  and  (16)  Car. 
The  latter  part,  in  Tullaghagh,  had  been  at  first  granted  to  O'Reyly  and  Rutlidge,  geni 
Talbott,  who  was  styled  of  Beallaconnell,  in  the  county  of  Cavan,  held  the  following  lands  i 
Derrogeny,  one  poll ;  Killog,  one  poll ;  Gortulleran,  one  poll ;  Mucklagh,  one  poll ;  Sketgh, 
poll;  Gortewey,  one  poll;  Rathkillin,  one  poll;  Downe,  one  poll;  Enagh,  one  poll; 
one  poll ;  Cowlynan,  one  poll ;  Cloughan,  one  poll ;  Cavati,  2  polls ;  Mullaghduffe, 
Kilcloghan,  2  polls ;  Carraghmore,  4  polls ;  Nationna,  2  polls ;  Ardagh,  one  poll ; 


one  poll;  Crosse,  2  polls;  Kildannagh,  2  polls;  Kiltragh,  onA  poll;  Knocks,  one  poll;  Killena^r^ 
one  poll;  Dowerhannagh,  one  poll;  Uzren,  one  poll;  Nidd,  one  poll;  Bartony,  2  polls;  Dromjrvic^ 
one  poll ;  Cavanickehall,  one  poll ;  and  Barrin,  2  polls.  See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Ca\-an,  (29^ 
Car.  I. 

3.  Grant  to  Nicholas  Pynnar  (259),  Esq,  All  the  townSi  hamlets,  polls,  or  parceb  of  land, 
and  in  the  territory  of  Largin,  containing  24  polls ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  Rent,  8/.  English, 
four  polls  called  Tooun,  viz.,  Gortnesillagh,  Mullaghgarrow^  Rossan,  and  Towre,  are  ex( 
out  of  this  grant.  Free  fishing  in  Loughm^Neane,  near  and  belonging  to  the  said  lands, 
premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Pynnar^  with  300  acres  iii  demesne ;  power  to  alien ;  and  ^C-^o 
hold  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  sabje<^^ 
to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     7  May,  9th  [161 1]. 

4.  Grant  to  Bryan  McPhilip  OReyly  and  Edward  Rutlidge^  gents.     All  the  towns  and 
of  and  in  the  territory  of  Dwoughbally..  containing  24  polls,  or  i^aoo  acres,  with  all  fishings 
the  premises.      Rent,  12/.  165.  od.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in 
socage.      [Sixteen  polls  of  Doughbally  afterwards  belonged  to  Captain  Hugh  Culme  and  his  har«/ 

5.  Grant  to  Thomas  JohneSj  gent.     Lisroerty,  2  polls;  Tewrevy,  one  poll;  Evelaghand**    ^ 
the  poll  of  Drominon ;  in  all,  200  acres.     Rent,  i/.  1 2s.  od.     To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  oatle  ^ 

Dublin,  in  common  socage. 

(257).  Caolfm.—Hvigh  (aften^ards   Sir  Hugh)  Culme  (258).   Talbott, —TYm  andertaker  had  estabUAedJ 

w«is  a  distinguished  servitor  of  English  birth,  and  son  of      claim  on  the  Government  hf  his  purchase  and  ^ 


Hugh  Culme,   Esq.,    of  Chamston  and  Cannonsleigh,  of  lands  at  a  comparatively  early  period.     Talbott  ii^ 

Devonshire.      In  the  year  ending  .September,   1608,  he  of  several  whom  Chichester  recomm^ids  "to  be  lOpccM' 

received  14/.  dr.  &/.  for  money  disbursed  in  seizing  certain  the  rather  that  they  have  begun  a  cinl  plawlf^  "^ 

rebels,  and  a  further  sum  of  10/.  fcr  repairs  made  by  him  ready,  which  has  done  much  sood  in  that  oooliy,'' 

on  Cloughoutcr  castle.     In   1610,  he  was  constable  of  have  deserved  other  ways  wdl  by  their  good  lerviet* 

Cloughouter  castle,  with  a  force  of  ten  wardens,  holding  (259).  Pynnar, — ^ThisserritOranduiiaertakeriic)Ml| 

also  the  ai)pointment  of  provost-marshal  in  the  county  of  known  by  his  Survey  of  tht  Pftmiaiim^  wludi  vil  1* 

Cavan,  and  certain  parts  adjoining.  fully  brou^t  under  the  reader*'!  iMtioe  aAerwaidk 


GRANTS    AND    GRANTEES.  339 

Natives. 

1.  Grant  to  John  and  Connor  OReily^  gents.  Gortnekargie,  4  polls;  Dowrie,  one  poll; 
bmeha^  one  poll ;  in  all;  300  acres.     Rent,  3/.  4f.  od, 

2.  Grant  to  Ca^ir  McOwen^  gent     Kildough,  2  polls  ;  containing  100.     Rent,  i/.  u.  4//. 

3.  Grant  to  Cahefl  McOiven  (JR^yly,  gent.  Ballymagoechan,  4  polls ;  Gobeveany  and 
rortneclogh,  2  polls  ;  containing  in  all,  300  acres.     Rent,  3/.  4r.  8^/.  English. 

4.  Grant  to  Donell  McOwen^  gent.  Clonkurke,  Dinvony,  and  Killvannagh,  one  poll  each ; 
a  all,  1 50  acres.     Rent,  i/.  1 2s.  od, 

5.  Grant  to  Otuen  (yShereden,  gent.  Curran,  one  pole;  Derrenekrett,  Drombeagh,  and 
i^onoboan,  one  poll ;  Mullaghsiffin,  one  poll ;  and  Mullamore,  one  poll ;  in  all,  200  acres.     Rent, 

sZ  25.  Sd. 

6.  Grant  to  CahUl McBrUn  O'Reily,  gent.  Rolliagh  and  Tawnihulch,  one  poll  each;  in  all, 
00  acres.     Rent,  i/.  is.  \d. 

7.  Grant  to  Felim  McGawran^  gent.  Dromcorcke,  one  poll ,  Killemullane,  one  poll ; 
JTenagh,  one  poll ;  Killcroghan,  2  polls ;  Camagh,  2  polls ;  Dirricassan,  2  polls ;  Sroogagh,  2 
^Jls  ;  Gortneleck,  one  poll ;  Killmuriertagh,  one  poll ;  Boely,  2  polls ;  Portur-Ilinchy,  one  poll ; 
illyinagirrell,  4  polls  ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.     Rent,  10/.  135.  4//. 

8.  Grant  to  Mulrnore  McHugh  McFarrall  ORely^  gent.  The  towns  and  lands  of  Gortnatowill, 
polls ;  in  all,  300  acres.     Rent,  3/.  4f.  od. 

g.  Grant  to  Cormacke  McGawran.  Garrerishmore,  one  poll ;  Dufferagh,  one  poll ;  Killanaigy, 
e  i>oll ;  and  half  the  poll  of  Meligg;  in  all,  175  acres.     Rent,  i/.  17J.  ^d. 

10.  Grant  to  Donough  Magauran,  gent.  Loughercan,  one  poll ;  and  half  the  poll  of  Meligg; 
acres.     Rent,  i6s. 

XI.  Grant  to  Hugh  McManus  Oge  Magauran^  gent.  Gortallaghill,  one  poll;  Boevealan,  one 
^1  ;    Bame  and  Dromeneightragh,  one  poll ;  in  all,  150  acres.     Rent,  i/.  \2s.  od. 

1 2.  Grant  to  Breene  Oge  Magauran,  gent.  Tewbay,  2  polls ;  Ov^angallis,  2  polls ;  200  acres. 
ent,  2/.  2s.  Sd 

1 3.  Grant  to  Mulmorie  McTirlagh  OReily^  gent.  Dromcaske,  one  poll ;  Gortnedirrey,  one 
^  ;    Dromboory,  one  poll ;    Direrall  and  Gortlaronagh,  one  poll ;  in  all,   200  acres.      Rent, 

14.  Grant  to  Felim,  Brian,  and  Cahir,  sons  of  Hugh  O'Reyly,  late  of  Ballaghaneo.  The 
owns  and  lands  of  Clonmeoun,  one  poll ;  Dirriconosy  and  Moghereogh,  one  poll ;  Monenoure 
^d  Mogherlooby,  one  poll ;  and  Tardirry,  one  poll ;  in  all,  200  acres.     Rent,  2/.  2s.  ^d. 

15.  Grant  to  Tirlagh  McHugh  McBryan  bane  OReylie,  Corrytillan,  Knockmore,  and 
Broedell,  one  poll  each ;  in  all,  150  acres.     Rent,  i/.  \2s.  od. 

16.  Grant  to  Bryan  McKeman,  gent.  Dronge,  one  poll ;  Comacrum,  one  poll ;  Clontegerrin 
one  poll ;  Comahah,  one  poll ;  Derrenelester,  one  poll ;  Dromlare,  one  poll ;  Ardloagher  and 
Kilteneskelane,  one  poll ;  in  all,  400  acres.     Rent,  4/.  5^.  £^d. 


340 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


17.  Grant  to  Donnell  McFarrall  Oge  McKeman,  gent.     Tewreagh,  two  ploughlands,  100 
acres.     Rent,  i/.  is.  4^. 

18.  Grant  to  Cailo  [Ca/vag/i]  CGouf/i^,  gent.     Clonekamehan,  2  polls ;  and  Deny,  one  poll; 
in  all,  150  acres.     Rent,  i/.  12s,  od, 

19.  Grant  to  Shane  McCabe^  gent.  Caltragh,  one  poll ;  Knocke,  one  poll ;  Urrerin,  one  poll; 
Doorhawraght,  one  poll ;  in  all,  200  acres.     Rent,  2/.  2s,  Sd 

20.  Grant  to  Wony  [C/na]  McTJwmas McKeman,  Neade,  Dowry,  and  Laraghtmoght,  2  polls; 
100  acres.     Rent,  i/.  is,  ^d, 

21.  Grant  to  Donill  Backagh  McShane  OReyfyy  gent.  Dromeane,  one  poll ;  Cavanaquill,  one 
poll ;  and  Burrin,  2  polls ;  in  all,  200  acres.     Rent,  2/.  2s,  8^/. 

22.  Grant  to  Bryan  Mc Shane  (JReyly,  gent.  Lissanover,  4  polls;  Rathfyan,  one  poll; 
Clinareagh,  one  poll ;  in  all,  300  acres.     3/.  4J.  od. 

The  above-named  grantees  to  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  comoion  socage,  and 
subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.  13  March,  8th  [1610-11];  and  4  June,  9th 
[1611.] 

VII.  The  Precinct  of  Clonmahone  (260),  county  of  Cavan. 

Servitors. 
I.  Grant  to  Sir  Oliver  Lambert  (261),  Knt,^  privy  councillor.  The  towns  and  lands  of 
Carricke,  2  polls ;  Lissnedarragh,  2  polls ;  '/j  o^  ^^  2  polls  of  Killgoalla ;  Magher)*,  2  polls  ; 
Corhartnagh,  2  polls;  in  Oraard  and  Lossett,  3  gallons  (see  p.  112);  '/^  of  the  poll  of  Corrilog|MLX*t 
Cargaghbane,  Aghenehederny,  TuUagh,  and  Killefassy,  each  one  poll;  Aghowterrerr)-,  2  poBs  ; 
Towrine,  one  poll ;  '/g  of  the  two  polls  of  Ballaghnecros ;  Ballaghauria,  3  polls ;  Crovor,  one  poll ; 
Coramogagh,  one  poll ;  one  of  the  two  polls  of  Garrisallagh ;  one  poll  of  and  in  Coulyn;  Knocks* 


(260).  Clonmahonf. — See  p.  204.  The  name  of  this 
barony  is  now  written  Clanmahon  and  Clonmahon.  The 
old  plantation  precinct  is  comprised  in  the  present  barony 
so  called,  which  lies  on  the  southern  bonier  of  the  county 
of  Cavan,  and  is  lK)unded  on  the  north  and  north-east,  by 
the  barony  of  Upper  lx)ughtee  ;  on  the  east,  by  the  barony 
of  Castlerahan  ;  on  the  south,  by  the  counties  of  Meath, 
Wcstnicalh,  and  Ix)ngford  ;  and  on  the  west,  by  the 
county  of  I  -x>ngford,  and  the  barony  ofFullaghonho,  orTully- 
hunco.  On  the  baronial  map  of  1609,  the  compass  points 
due  west,  and  the  boundaries,  of  course,  differ  accordingly 
from  those  now  name<l.  Tlie  map  represents  the  surface 
oi  this  precinct  as  a  complete  net-work  of  woods  and 
bogs.  A  btream  issues  from  L(\^h  Gawnah  on  the  borders 
of  Ix)ngford,  and  flows  in  an  eastern  direction  to  the  head 
of  Ixjugh  Sheillin.  On  the  largest  island  in  this  part  of 
I^ugh  Shcilin  there  is  a  castle  or  fortress  marked,  and  on 
the  island  next  in  size  there  is  a  ruinetl  church  ;  but  neither 
island,  castle,  or  church  is  named.  The  barony  contains 
aliout  JO, 000  acres  exclusive  of  water,  and  with  the  excep- 
tion of  a  few  scraps  of  churchland,  the  map  represents  this 
whole  area  as  occupied  by  a  few  servitors  and  natives  who 
were  then  supi)osed  to  have  only  had  about  8,000  arable 
acres  distributed  amongst  them  all ! 


(261),  Lambert, — Lambert  succeeded  in  getting po»^ 
sion  of  more  Irish  territory  than  many  othen  amoqc  ^^^ 
fellow-adventurers.     When  he  became  very  weikhj,  »*■" 
was  created  a  lord,  it  was  found  that  he  belonged  to  the  L^^** 
bertini  family,  was  related  to  Benedict  X I  v.,  and  that  hb*^ 
cestor,  Ralph  de  Lambert,  came  with  William  the  CoC 
queror.  and  fought  at  the  Battle  of  Hastings.  WhenSirOli^*^ 
came  6n>t  to  Ireland,  however,  to  share  the  good  thiP^ 
in  the  shape  of  escheated  estates  temptingly  dociib^ 
to  attract  spoilers  from  all  qoarterSy  he  was,  B^^^ 
contented  to  be  known  as  the   grandson  of  Rich^g 
Lambert,  grocer,   merchant-adventurer,   aldcmani  ^^ 
sheriff  of  London.     He  came  hftre  so  early  as  the  f^ 
1 581,  and  had  so  advanced  in  the  sen'ice  that  when  C^ 
Karl  of  Essex,  in  1599,  was  alxMit  to  leave  Irdiad,  ^ 
latter  appointed   him   provisionally,   as  master  of  ^ 
camp.     In  1601,  he  was  made  governor  of  Cobbu^ 
which  he  thoroughly  revoluticmized,  so  £u'  as  sofing  t^ 
lands  and  expelling  the  rightful  owners  coold  be  duuibcf 
as  doing  so.     The  sevenl  inquisitions,   taken  after  l^ 
death,  revealed  the  prodigious  amount  of  landed  prapeitf 
he  had  clutched,  not  onnr  in  Cavan,  but  in  at  Ictft  > 
dozen  other  counties  of  Ireland.     See  Lodge's  Anfff 
edited  by  Archdall,  voL  i.,  pp.  343-35a 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


341 


lion  and  Tulliegan,  one  poll ;  Dunguum,  4  polls ;  Ardigownan,  one  poll ;  one  of  the  two  polls  of 
onbacogies ;  Lissenamiffe,  one  poll ;  Farren-Iconinyeightragh,  one  poll ;  Tonemickiragh,  4 
Us ;  one  of  the  two  polls  of  Pollereoghs ;  Eanagh,  2  polls ;  Rathclaghagh,  Y,  poll ;  and 
ontidufTy,  y,  poll  ;  in  all,  2,000  acres,  with  the  whole  river  and  soil  of  Loughsillen  and  all  the 
mds  adjacent  to  the  said  lands.  Rent,  16/.  English.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of 
ssendarraghy  with  600  acres  in  demesne ;  power  to  create  tenures ;  and  to  hold  a  court  baron. 
)  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the 
intation  of  Ulster.     26  June,  9th  [161 1]. 

2.  Grant  X.o  Joseph  Johnes  (262),  gent.  The  towns  and  lands  of  Corgromon  and  Tocullen,  2  polls ; 
airtonfrigh,  one  poll;  Clonecomedy,  2  polls;  Tagherneras,  one  poll;  Kilcoaga,  2  polls;  Aghemuck, 

polls ;  half  of  the  two  polls  of  Drombanuffe  and  Kilcatren,  being  one  poll ;  Dromersnaw, 
issauny,  Killsaran,  Aghenauchor,  Dromhownagh,  one  poll  each ;  Killedoone,  one  and  */,  poll ; 
agwoy,  2  polls ;  Drombroghles,  one  poll ;  Turbull,  one  and  7,  poll ;  Aghalawnery,  2  polls ; 
rdleynagh,  2  polls ;  Killdorough,  2  polls ;  Dromhillagh,  one  poll ;  one  of  the  two  polls  of 
amagh ;  in  all,  1,500  acres.  Rent,  12/.  English.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of 
'fcuilen^  with  450  acres  in  demesne  ;  power  to  create  tenures  ;  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold 
lever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation 
Ulster.     26  June,  9th  [161 1]. 

3.  Grant  to  John  Russon^  gent.  Drominoh,  2  polls ;  Tedenan,  Aghoelyowtra,  Drombartan, 
lagh,  Pottayeagh,  Corduffej  and  Dromhernan,  one  poll  each ;  one-fourth  part  of  the  poll  of 
holyeightra  ;  and  three-fourth  parts  of  the  poll  of  Dromkilly ;  in  all,  500  acres.     The  premises 

created  the  manor  of  Drominohy  with  200  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold 
ever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation 
Ulster. 

4.  Grant  to  Anthony  Atkinson  (263),  gent.  Aghogapull,  one  poll ;  Dromrouske,  one  and  '/, 
^  ;  Dromgouna  and  Dromcro,  3  polls ;  V^  of  the  four  polls  of  Carrowedergaowen,  being  3  polls 
land;  V^  of  the  2  polls  of  Carricklenan ;  and  7^  of  Dromkilly  poll ;  in  all,  500  acres.  Rent,  4/. 
>  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage. 


1^2).  Johnes. — This  undertaker  was,  no  doubt,  one  of 
^  Numerous  and  hungry  swarm  of  adventurers  bearing 
s  surname  of  Jones  that  invaded  Ireland  from  Wales  at 
^  time  referred  to.  Descendants  of  Joseph  Jqpes  are 
"obably  to  be  found  in  the  family  which  rose  into  repute 
J*^  J^pectability  at  Head  fort,  in  the  adjoining  county 
^  Leiirim,  and  not  very  distant  from  the  original  manor 
^Tocullen.  In  this  Leitrim  family  the  christian  name 
^^pkilus  prevailed,  which  would  lead  to  the  con- 
lusion  that  they  descended  from  the  same  stock  as  the 
*^ous,  or  rather  infamous  bishop,  who  became  Crom- 
well's Scoutmaster  in  Ireland,  and  who  had  a  younger 
'fotber  named  Theophilns.     See  Burke's  Landed  Gentry, 

'•  795. 

['^^'^,  Anthony  Atkinson. — This  undertaker  may  have 
robably  been  a  brother  of  Roger  Atkinson,  who  settled 

Fermanagh.      Like  him,   Anthony  appears   to  have 


been  a  soldier,  and  as  such,  to  have  obtained  a  share, 
although  a  smaller  one  than  usual,  of  the  escheated  lands 
in  Ulster.  A  lieutenant  Anthony  Atkinson  settled  at  a 
place  called  Kiltobret,  in  King's  county,  probably  about 
1602,  and  from  intermarriages  in  his  family  with  families 
in  the  county  of  Cavan,  we  are  inclined  to  believe  that  he 
was  the  undertaker  of  this  name  in  the  precinct  or  barony 
of  Clonmahon.  One  of  lieutenant  Atkinson's  representa- 
tives married  a  daughter  of  Robert  Saunderson,  Cloverhill, 
county  of  Cavan  ;  another  married  a  grand-daughter  of 
Sir  Francis  Hamilton,  of  Killishandra,  in  the  same  county; 
and  a  third  married  a  daughter  of  Sir  Robert  Newcomen, 
who  had  an  estate  in  the  escheated  lands  of  the  adjoining 
county  of  Tyrone.  Branches  of  this  Atkinson  family  are 
seated  at  Cangort,  in  King's  county,  and  Ashley  Park, 
county  of  Tipperary.  See  Burke's  Landed  Gentry,  p. 
36. 


342 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


.'f 


Natives. 
I  Grant  to  Multnorie  McHugh  Connelagh  ORely^  gent     Dromcorbane  and  Correchiane,  s 
polls  ;  in  Dromkharne,  one  gallon ;  in  Toniraore,  one  poll ;  Lismore  and  Aghconeieck,  one  pdl ;     ^ 
in  Drombary  and  Shantolagh,  one  poll ;  Cavanfine  and  Crostony,  one  poll ;  Conedoutraghy  one  ^^ 
poll  \  Coneditragh,  one    poll ;    in   Clonmolt  and    Dromkelly,  one    poll ;    Shankelly*  one  poll  j^     » 
Aghecome,  2  polls ;  Kilnecreevy,  2  polls ;  Arlowchare,  3  polls ;  in  Dromore  and  Castleconnocl 
2  polls  ;  Narduarrnagh  and  Cornemihane,  2  polls  ;  Comesier,  2  polls  ;  Derelahan,  '/,  poll ; 
and  Potteneagh,  one  poll ;  Corrocrochery,  one  poll ;  Killekanin,  one  poll ;  Kilmoynan,  one  poU^"  ^ 
Corminhe,  one  poll ;  Shancor,  one  poll ;  I-.egoviole,  one  poll ;  Marchile  and  Rabrachan,  one  pol" 
in  Dromnevaddie,  2  polls ;  Leggeganny,  one  poll ;  half  of  Quilly,  one  poll ;  Dromline,  one 
Dromoushin  and  Broby,  one  poll.     In  Loughtee  barony,  Lissinerie  and  Tollytrean,  one  and 
poll;  Cornegnow  and  Aghlatofarrall,  one  poll;    in  all,  2,000  acres.     Rent,  21/.  6j.  &/. 
To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  subject  to  the  conditions  of  ^^^ 
plantation  of  Ulster.     30  April,  9th  [16 11]. 

2.  Grant  to  Gerald  FIemin%^  Esq,  The  towns  and  lands  of  Creved,  one  poll ;  Cosetroooe, 
7,  poll ;  Ornyrcogh,  2  polls;  Cashell,  3  polls;  Kilsallagh  and  Coolenecaigy,  one  poll;  in  all,  ^75 
acres.     Rent,  5/.  \s,  4//. 

3.  Grant  to  Hugh  McBrien    OReyly^   gent.     Momoogan  and  Aghemore,  one  poll; 
Killerdrim,  one  poll ;  in  all,  100  acres.     Rent,  i/.  \s,  4//. 

4.  Grant  to  Edward  Nugent^  gent     Dromrade,  one  poll ;  Corlessely,  one  poll ; 
one  poll ;  and  V4  of  the  poll  of  Comowe ;  in  all,  162  acres.     Rent,  i/.  15X.  o</. 

5.  Grant  to  Christopher  Nugent,  gent     Gnive,  one  poll;  Raknavin  and  Cavancolter, 
and  Va  poll ;   Aghneskeagh,  7,  poll ;  one  of  the  two  Clonbackogies,  one  poll ;  the  moiety    d 
Rahmier  and  a  parcel  called  Monnirie,  7*  PoU ;  Ferrenyconellowtragh,  one  poll ; 
and  Finwock  in  Castlerahen  barony,  3  polls;  in  all,  450  acres.     Rent,  4/.  i6x.  o</. 

6.  Grant  to  Edward  Nugent^  gent     Corglasse  and  Shannoijv'fe,  2  polls  each ;  in  all,  200 
Rent,  2/.  2S,  Zd. 

7.  Grant  to  Phiiip  McTirlagh  Bradie,  gent     The  parcel  of  land  called  Carrowogheiaghj,  4 
polls ;  Vj  P^irts  of  the  parcel  of  Lacken ;  in  all,  300  acres.     Rent,.  3/.  \s,  od. 

8.  Grant  to  Richard  Fitz-Simons,     The  towns  and  lands  of  Lisnenanagh,  50  acres.    R*^ 
loj.     All  the  foregoing  grantees  to  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage. 

VIII.    The  Precinct  of  Castle  Rahen  (264),  in  the  county  of  Cavan. 


(264).  CastU  A*j/*«*«.— See  p.  204,  This  precinct  is 
now  represented  by  the  barony  of  Castle-Rahan,  which  is 
bounded  on  the  north,  by  the  baronies  of  Loughtee  and 
Clonkee  ;  on  the  south  and  east,  by  the  county  of  Meath  ; 
and  on  tlie  west,  bv  the  barony  of  Clonmahon.  On  the 
border  Inrtwecn  this  precinct  and  Meath,  lies  "I-ogh 
Kawre,"  now  Lough  Kamor,  having  nine  islands,  as 
represented  on  the  map,  five  of  which  appear  to  be  very 
small.     On  one  island  there  arc  the  ruins  of  a  church  ; 


and  on  the  southern  shore  of  the  lake  theie  «  ^ 
remains  of  a  castle  or  fortress.     The  general  aspect  4^ 
precinct,  as  presented  on  the  map,  is  not  attiacth^  fcf 
the  fact  that  its  surface  is  too  prdiisely  snppfied  ^ 
marshes,  bleak-looking  little  hills,  and  bogs.    HaA 
tree  appears  on  the  whole  expanse  or  area  of  TQ^OQO  ar 
The  rums  of  Caslan-HaMan  itself  are  marked  ia  a  ? 
parcel  of  church  land  near  the  base  of  the  **  Slew  Mc' 
Mountains,"  on  the  borders  of  Monster.     Aboot 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


343 


Servitors. 
It  to  Sir  John  Elliot  (265),  Knt,^  baron  of  the  exchequer.  Kilcronehan,  4  polls,  viz., 
Aghnemona,  Morleagh,  and  Lishlin ;  Killi-Ighter,  Coraekilly,  Carrowronicke,  and 
le  poll  each ;  in  all,  400  acres.  Rent,  3/.  4f.  od.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor 
ii«,  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle 
n  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.  30 
5th  [1610]. 

It  to  yohn  Ridgeivay  (266),  Esq,     Lislierty  and  Gallownegerod,  one  and  7a  poll ; 

jh  and  Coolemonie,  one  poll ;    Nenagh,  one  poll ;  Eadanport,   2  polls ;    Gallowne- 

poll ;    Necarrigy,    one    ix)ll ;    Fertaghyeatra,    */,    poll ;    Fertaghowtra,    one    poll ; 

ore,  one  poll ;  Lisleagh,  2  polls ;  Cloghballyowtra,  one  poll ;  Ballaghanneh,  2  polls, 

us  castle  ;  Cloyergoole.  one  poll ;  half  of  the  poll  of  Aghanedronge ;  Rahardrune,  one 

mcry,  one  poll ;  Naperton,  one  poll ;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  with  the  islands,   fishings, 

Dil  of  Loughrawer,  belonging  or  adjoining  to  the  said  lands.     Rent,  8/.  English.     The 

created  the  manor  of  Chichester^  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.     To 

as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the 

■  Ulster.     [No  date]. 

It  to  Sir  William  Taaffe  (267),  Knt,  Leytrim,  2  polls;  Cloughpalleybege,  one  poll; 
)lasseragh,  and  Lecke,  2  polls  ;  Comaglare,  one  poll ;  Comagleigh,  2  polls  ;  Killchony, 
romratt,  one  poll ;  Colkagh,  one  poll ;  Clonvickmaragh,  one  poll ;  Cashellsilloge  and 
ne,  one  poll ,  Arlogh,  2  polls ;  Crossereogh,  one  poll ;  Killaghdough,  one  poll ; 
2  polls ;  Lurganile,  one  poll ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.     Rent,  8/.  English.     The  premises 


>recinct  were  given  to  natives,  and  1,000 
;  and  public  uses,  the  vast  remainder  being 
^  five  servitors,  who  were  then  supposed  to 
It  4,000  arable  acres  distributed  amongst 

. — This  undertaker  appears  to  have  ob- 

small  share  of  the  six)il,  although  he 
share    of   the    work    required    in  hunting 

**  Brief  abstract  of  all  the  extraordinary 
the  year  ending  September,  1608,  there 
ng  item  :  —  **  Baron  Elliott,  for  his 
ains  sustained    in   finding   sundry  indict- 

the  fugitive  earls,  20/.  '  In  a  list  of 
ade  by  way  of  concordatum,"  during  the 
r\  14,  1609,  there  is  the  following  entry  : 
llyot,  one  of  the  barons  of  the  court,  by 
ms,  76/."  On  a  list  of  "Judges  and  Law 
[leir  Fees,"  1609,  there  appears  the  name 
t,  one  of  the  Barons,  his  fee,  66/.  13^.  4^/.  ; 
XT.  &/."     Sir  John's  lands  lay  on  the  south- 

of  this  precinct  adjoining  the  county  of 

Ridgeivuy. — A  brother  of  Sir  Thomas,  the 

;  was  classed  among  those  "servitois  who 

but  were  willing  to  undertake;"  and,  it 


might  have  been  added  that  such  were  not  merely  'willing* 
but  quite  anxious  to  become  undertakers.  His  name  was 
returned  on  the  "List  of  servitors  thought  meet  to  be 
undertakers,"  a  result  which,  under  the  circumstances,  he 
could  have  hardly  a  right  to  expect,  and  which,  very 
probably,  was  owing  to  his  brother's  great  influence  at 
head-quarters. 

(267).  William  Taaffe, — This  imdertaker  had  proved 
himself  a  very  distinguished  servitor,  although  of  Irish 
birth.  His  family  was  very  ancient,  and  of  great  repute 
in  the  counties  of  Louth  and  Sligo.  Sir  William  Taaffe, 
styled  of  Harleston,  Ballymote,  and  Smarmore,  appears 
to  have  rendered  signal  services  to  the  Crown  during  the 
war  against  Hugh  O'Neill.  This  grant  of  1,000  acres  in 
Cavan  was  but  a  smaU  part  of  the  reward  bestowed  in 
return  by  the  Crown.  In  1 592,  Elizabeth  granted  him 
extensive  Crown  lands  in  Connaught  without  fine;  and 
James  I.  granted  him  lands  in  the  counties  of  Waterford, 
Cavan,  Cork,  Sligo,  Louth,  Dublin,  Kerry,  Longford, 
Meath,  Westmeath,  Mayo,  Tipperary,  and  Queen  s  Co. 
In  his  will,  which  was  made  in  1630,  he  directs  that  he 
was  to  be  buried  at  Ardee,  where  his  ancestors  lay,  and 
that  his  son.  Sir  John  Taaffe,  should  cause  a  monument, 
costing  50/.,  to  be  erected  at  his  grave.  His  son  and 
heir  was  created  Viscount  Taaffe.  See  Lodge's  Peerage, 
edited  by  Archdall,  vol.  iv.,  pp.  290,  291. 


344  THE  PLANTATION  IN  ULSTER. 

are  created  the  manor  of  Mtdla%h^  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold 
forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the 
plantation  of  Ulster. 

4.  Grant  to  Roger  Garth ^  gent  Polio wtracorrada,  one  poll ;  Polleightracorrada,  one  poD; 
Aghikinerty,  one  poll ;  Killychine,  7*  poll ;  Nacarran,  one  poll ;  Nachollchill,  one  poll ;  Lisna- 
bantrowy,  one  poll ;  Cornacarha,  one  poll ;  half  the  poll  of  Aghnedronge ;  DoUowe,  one  poll; 
Dromony  and  Agheyergery,  one  poll ;  in  all,  500  acres.  Rent,  4/.  English.  The  premises  are 
created  the  manor  of  Garth^  with  150  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the 
castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     18  December,  8th  [16 10]. 

5.  Grant  to  Sir  Edmund  Fettiplace^  Knight.  Polleneheny,  Carrikevey,  CorrovadegooBe^ 
Mullomore,  Dromhill,  Comakilly,  Garurosse,  Corvine,  Aghanoran,  and  Carmine,  one  poll  eich; 
Dirrilurgane,  2  polls;  Killcholly,  one  poll;  Killaggagh,  2  polls;  Luggagoage,  Luiganlostic^ 
Killowran,  Comaaran,  and  Rasodan,  one  poll  each  ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  Rent,  8/.  English.  Tk 
premises  are  created  the  manor  of  Mullomore^  with  300  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baroa  To 
hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage.     29  January,  8th  [1609-10]. 

Natives. 

1.  Grant  to  Walter^  Thomas^  and  Patrick  Bradie^  gents.  Greaghcleagh,  2  polls;  AghM- 
cloghfin,  one  and  7a  poll ;  Carrigneveagh,  one  poll ;  Invegerogy  and  Carraghdowan,  one  poD; 
Togher,  one  poll;  Drotramen,  one  poll;  Carneregerrill,  one  and  '/,  poll;  Killenure,  spoils: 
Dromhallagh,  2  polls ;  Lissonowsy,  one  poll ;  Killiderry,  one  poll ;  Togher,  2  polls ;  GoitnagoDt^r 
one  poll ;  Agholappan,  one  poll ;  Kiltogher,  one  poll ;  Coroneagh,  one  poll ;  the  moiety  of  Dcnjt 
one  poll;  containing  in  all,  1,500  acres.  Rent,  11/.  4i.  od.  In  Loughtee  barony, — Drooalj,  < 
polls ;  Dromola,  2  polls ;  Dromovanagh  and  MoUorora,  2  polls ;  PoUmore,  one  poll ;  Nekeado«» 
2  polls ;  Latorstragh  and  Lateightragh,  2  polls ;  Killigarry,  one  poll ;  Corglasse,  one  poUj 
Killinever,  one  poll ;  in  all,  800  acres.  Rent,  7/.  qj*.  4//.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the 
castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.  <5 
November,  8th  [16 10]. 

2.  Grant  to  Cahire  McStiane  GReily  of  Comegall,  gent  GreaghdufTe,  Grcaghnc&'*» 
Cargagh-Ishall,  Finemane,  Dehcrnan,  and  Cargaghdowlan,  one  poll  each ;  in  all,  300  acres.  R^ 
3/.  4i.  od,  English.     25  November,  8th  [16 10]. 

3.  Grant  to  Barnaby  Reily  of  Nacorraghes,  gent  Lysmine,  Nacorraghes,  and  Lattounc,  <** 
l)oll  each;  in  all,  150  acres.     Rent,  i/.  i2j.  od, 

4.  Grant  to  Shane  McHugh  O' Reily ^  of  Ballaghana,  gent  Ballinecargie,  Kellyfinlagh,  ^ 
Correkeogan,  one  ix)ll  each ;  Gallownebraher  and  Killyvally,  '/.  poU  each ;  Lackan,  2  ^^ 
Gallownegappul,  */,  poll ;  Dromallaght,  Fctawan,  and  Agholaghan,  one  poll  each  ;  in  all,  475  ^ 
Rent,  5/.  \s,  4^/. 

5.  Grant  to  Thomas  Mcjamcs  Bane^  of  Kilmore,  gent  Kilmore  and  Clonekelly,  50  id* 
Rent,  \Qs.  Zd,     28  February,  8th. 

6.  Grant  to  Philip  McBrien  McHugh  ffRcily^  gent    Syarne,  the  gallons  of  Gnimiat  fli 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES.  345 

eaghclagh ;  Crosbane,  Lysnehederny,  Anaghcharnet,  and  Drombawry,  one  poll  each ;  in  all,  300 
res.     Rent,  3/.  4^.  od. 

7.  Grant  to  Owen  McShane  GReily^  gent.  Dromfannony,  Lurginure,  Coraepesty,  and 
imekilly^  one  poll  each ;  Corcarnagh  and  Ramuan,  '/,  poll  each ;  in  all,  200  acres.      Rent, 

2J.  84/. 

8.  Grant  to  Bryan  (yCoggye  (yReily,  Gradum,  2  polls ;  Sallachill,  Portane,  and  Aghaghy, 
e  poll  each ;  one  of  the  2  polls  of  Derrie ;  Comickgillechir,  2  polls ;  in  all,  400  acres.     Rent, 

5£.  od. 

9.  Grant  to  Mulmotie  McOwen  QReUy^  Currabredin  and  Crosrowle,  one  poll  each; 
;henegeny,  '/»  poll ;  half  of  Dromby  and  Aghogasshell,  one  poll  each ;  in  all,  200  acres.     Rent, 

zr.  &/. 

10.  Grant  to  Hugh  Roe McSJianc  OReily,  Corrigorman,  2  polls;  Fartidrine  and  Carlatimie, 
le  poll  each  ;  in  all,  200  acres.     Rent,  2/.  2s,  Sd 

11.  Grant  to  R/ii/ip^  and  Shane  C7'i?^/7v,  brothers.  Pollorea,  Dromeloman,  Shraghenamoge, 
ad  Dromcassidy,  one  poll  each ;  Ya  parts  of  the  two  polls  of  Tonilihan ;  in  all,  300  acres. 
lent,  3/.  4J.  od, 

12.  Grant  to  Shane  McPhilip  CReily,  gent  Downe,  one  poll;  Nabumey,  2  polls;  Kilmore, 
*romaghegolan,  Clontikarke,  Shranickmoyertie,  KillidufTe,  Nacarcragh,  Boylly,  Clonsoccan, 
>Ilemeledy,  Corroneadan,  Bracklone,  Lisagapull,  Dromadiraglasse,  and  Lisgirr,  one  poll  each ; 
all,  900  acres.     Rent,  9/.  12s.  od, 

13.  Grant  to  Shane  bane  (JMoelhUlyy  gent  Coolenacoala,  one  poll,  containing  50  acres. 
nt,  10^.  8^. 

14.  Grant  to  Edward  Nugent ^  gent  Aghadrinagh,  one  poll ;  Tullyogonnell,  one  poll ;  100 
es.     Rent,  i/.  i^.  4//. 

15.  Grant  to  Owen  McMulmorie  O^Reily,  gent  Comemucklogh,  7,  poll;  Cladagh,  one  poll; 
"rileigh,  2'/,  polls ;  y^  of  the  poll  of  Kinagh ;  Dowcaslan,  one  poll ;  Quiachar,  one  poll ; 
I'neroan,  one  poll ;  Laghtnadroanagh,  2  polls ;  and  CuUogh,  74  poll ;  in  all,  500  acres.  Rent, 
65-.  %d 

16.  Grant  to  Hugh  McGlasney^  gent.  Autenagh,  one  poll ;  and  Drumhurke,  one  poll ;  in  all, 
^  acres.     Rent,  i/.  \s,  4//. 

17.  Grant  to  Shane  McPhilip  O'Reily.     Callew,  one  half  poll,  25  acres.     Rent,  5/.  \d. 

The  above  grantees  to  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject 
^he  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     8th  and  9th  [1610  and  161 1]. 

The  Precinct  of  Tullaghgarvy  (268),  county  of  Cavan. 

(268).  Tullaghgarvy. — Seep.  204.  This  precinct  is  now  Loughtee.     In  the  baronial  map  of  1609,  the  compass 

presented  by  the  barony  of  the  same  name,  which  lies  in  the  points  due  south,  and  the  boundaries  appear  to  be  directly 

iorth-€ast  of  Cavan,  and  is  bounded  on  the  north,  by  the  opposite  to  those  above  mentioned.     The  whole  precinct 

oimtics  of  Fermanagh  and  Monaghan  ;  on  the  east,  by  is  represented  on  the  map  as  comparatively  destitute  of 

\t  county  of  Monaghan  and   barony  of  Clonkee  ;  on  wooas,  without  bogs,  and  containing  many  lakes,  especially 

e  south   and    south-west,    by    the   barony   of  Upper  throughout  its  eastern  and  western  districts.     The  area  is 

aughtee ;  and   on   the  west,   by  the  barony  of  Lower  about  59,000  acres,   exclusive  of  water ;  and,  with  the 

T  I 


346 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Servitors. 

1.  Grant  to  Sir  Thomas  Ashe,  KnL,  and  John  As/u  (269),  gent  Corglasse,  '/»  P^W 
Lettermore,  one  poll ;  Urriagh,  '/^  poll ;  Garvagh,  */,  poll ;  Lysulhie,  one  poll ;  Dromsheele,  on 
poll ;  Pottlelortan  and  Pottlenegile,  7,  poll ;  Kilkreeny,  one  poll ;  Doocharry,  one  jxjU  ;  Tonaghban- 
one  poll ;  Cormoylishe,  one  poll ;  Carrickcalwie,  one  poll ;  Quillagh,  one  poll ;  Dromwoiy,  or 
poll ;  Camalikill,  one  poll ;  Coraghbagh,  one  poll ;  Dromloghan,  7,  poll ;  and  Dromherine,  •/■  P« 
in  Loughtee;  in  all,  750  acres.  Rent,  6/.  English.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor 
Dromsheele,  with  200  acres  in  demesne,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold,  as  of  the  castle  of  DubL 
in  common  socage,  and  to  provide  4  muskets  and  hand  weapons  to  arm  9  men  for  the  Kir^ 
service.     9  January,  8th  [1610-11]. 

2.  Grant  to  Archibald  and  Brent  Moore  (270),  gents.  Tullabin,  Dromn^rran,  Raludaj 
Claragh,  Cabbragh,  Errgall,  Dromhurke,  Aghetotan,  Cohurke,  Dromloage,  Gortin,  Droinsillagl^ 
Corgreagh,  Dromontroade,   Ratorosan,  Vanbegg,   Aghneclogh,  Corboggie,   Comebraher,  ConM>- 


exception  of  some  small  portions  of  church  lands,  the  map 
shows  the  whole  vast  expanse  as  occupied  by  a  few  servi- 
tors and  natives,  who  were  supposed  at  the  time  to  have 
only  about  10, 500  acres  of  arable  land  distributed  amongst 
them  all  ! 

(269).  Ashe. — These  undertakers  were"]  brothers,  but 
whether  they  knew  anything  of  the  Norman  origin  found 
for  them  by  their  posterity  is  questionable.  They  were 
the  sons  of  Thomas  Ashe,  by  his  wife,  a  daughter  of 
Nicholas  Bailey,  Esq.,  of  St.  John's  Abbey,  county  of 
Meath.  Thomas,  the  elder  son,  was  knighted  by  Sir 
George  Carew,  at  Dublin,  in  1603,  and  he  was  still  more 
substantially  rewarded  for  his  services  during  the  war 
against  O'Neill.  (See  Burke's  Landed  Gentry y  p.  28). 
Among  other  pickings,  Sir  Thomas  Ashe  obtained  the 
wardship  of  Sir  William  O'Carroll's  heir,  but  he  found 
that  business  troublesome,  and  disposed  of  it  as  soon,  and 
on  as  good  terms  for  himself,  as  possible.  The  following 
reference  to  this  transaction  by  Chichester,  in  January, 
1609-10,  is  instructive  as  to  the  means  often  employed 
through  the  medium  of  'discoverers,'  to  ruin  native  land- 
owners:— "Patrick  Crosbye  [a  prowler]  tells  him  [Chi- 
chester] that  the  Lx)rd  Treasurer  [Salisbury]  had  some 
speech  with  him  about  Ely  O'Carroll,  alias  O'Carroll's 
country,  which  he  [Chichester]  has  since  his  time  made 
shire  ground,  and  laid  to  the  King's  county.  It  is  a 
pretty  piece  of  land,  and  Crossbye  says  he  can  bring  it 
into  the  King's  hands  by  overthrowing  the  patent  thereof 
made  to  Sir  William  O'Carroll.  The  pretending  heir  is 
an  infant,  whose  wardship  was  given  to  Sir  Thomas  Ashe, 
before  his  [Chichester's]  time.  There  has  ever  been 
strife  and  contention  between  the  house  of  Ormonde  and 
the  lords  of  that  country  [Ely  O'Carroll],  touching  the 
bounds  and  meares,  and  much  blood  spilt  on  either  side ; 
and  now  he  is  told  that  Sir  Thomas  Ashe  has  sold  over 
tlie  ward  [O'Carroll's  son  and  heir]  to  the  Viscount  Butler, 
notwithstanding  his  advice  to  him  not  to  deal  therewith, 
and  to  Sir  Thomas  Ashe  not  to  sell  it  to  him  ;  for  he 
doubted  the  sequel,  as  he  still  does,  but  siill  he  wishes 


well  to  the  Viscount,  who  is  an  honest  gattlam.. 
Would  not  have  his  power  and  liberty  increased  vpM 
that  side  of  the  country  bordering  apon  Tipperarj ;  nd 
therefore  if  Crosbye  can  bring  the  conntry  to  the  Crova, 
he  deserves  a  good  recompense.  For  thb  serrice  ke 
[Crosbye]  deserves  one  half  of  the  country  in  fee-fam,  ai 
50/.  English." 

(270).  Moore, — These  undertakers  werebrothen.  Tbc 
christian  name  of  the  former  is  written  Areldt^  or  Ai^y* 
in  military  reports  and  lists  of  the  time,  bat  AnVUd* 
in  every  grant  to  him  which  we  hare  met  It  if  cuiu*^ 
that  he  is  not  designated  in  these  reports  and  Xxtok  bf  1^ 
military  title,  although  he  was  a  captain.  He  was  prowA 
the  elder  brother,  for  he  had  become  weU  known  titi^ 
vitor,  whilst  the  other,  although  a  soldier,  does  not  i^e^ 
to  have  been  included  in  any  of  the  sereial  doKi  a' 
which  Ulster  servitors  were  diTided.  Lo^e^  OQtlieolli< 
hand,  whibt  noticing  ^fvii/  Moore,  does  not  appeutoks^ 
known  of  Archie's  existence;  bat  it  is  often  foy  Ail 
cult,  indeed  all  but  impossible  to  record,  in  aajfti^ 
logical  account,  the  christian  names  of  all  the  uiiiih^ 
of  a  family  that  ma^  have  been  scattered  for  years.  IVr 
family,  which  was  the  same  as  that  of  tlie  Ifoaici  < 
Drogheda,  came  from  Bennenden,  in  the  coonty  of  Ki^ 
John,  the  representative  of  the  fiunily  during  the  latter  h^ 
of  the  sixteenth  century,  married  Margaret,  the  daiflh^ 
and  heir  of  John  Brent,  by  whom,  accordiv  to  Lod^ 
he  had  six  sons.  The  second.  Sir  Edwara  lloon;^  ^ 
Mellifont,  was  ancestor  of  the  Earls  of  DrogM>  S  <^ 
fourth,  Sir  Thomas  of  Cro^han,  was  ancestor  of  the  ei^ 
of  Charleville ;  and  the  sixth,  lieatenant-ooioael  fV 
Moore,  was  an  undertaker  of  land  in  the  rlr*— **^  < 
Longford.  Archibald,  althoag|h  not  nnmea  by  \id^ 
was  one  of  this  family,  and  resided  in  Cavan  Bmy  Ktfi 
subsequently  to  the  date  of  the  grant  aboifc  dcKM^ 
Brent  Moore  probably  dwelt  on  his  estate  in  LoifM|i 
his  name  does  not  afterwards  appemr  in  any  prinlM  UbM 
inauisition.  See  Lodge's  Peenigt^  edited  bf  AidUd 
voL  ii.,  pp.  84,  85. 


GRANTS    AND    GRANTEES.  347 

rrowe,  Anaglie,  Dromcoose,  Dromult,  Tulliard,  Dromornirten,  Comename,  and  I^bely,  one  poll 
ch.  Rent,  12/.  English.  The  premises  are  created  the  manor  of  TvJlabin^  with  450  acres  in 
mesne,  and  a  court  baron.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  free  and  common 
cage,  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     8  December,  8th  [16 10]. 

3.  Grant  to  Captain  Richard  Tirre/i,  Esq,  The  towns  and  lands  of  Coolenelittragh, 
ananmordy,  Moyeghmore,  Racawill,  Rahalton,  Napart,  Corrirodd,  Cloyragh,  Dromrashedy, 
ihillesten,  Tootereogh,  Kilfane,  Cloneanry,  and  I>eggechally,  one  poll  each ;  Dromlehar,  '/a  poU  ; 
srryhiblin,  7,  poll ;  Aghadrinagh,  one  pole ;  Corchar  and  Quy,  one  poll ;  Dromloppe  and 
lennow,  one  poll ;  Dromargoras  and  Camemorin,  one  poll ;  Glastromen,  one  poll ;  Kilduffe,  one 
)ll ;  Ancallowe,  7^  poll ;  Drombradenegree,  7a  po^^  'y  Killagh,  one  poll ;  Corcashell,  one  poll ; 
nahowis,  73  poU  ;  Dromvaddie,  Drombrahen,  Kilbanerick,  Dromakenan,  Killenure,  Drumcurr, 
id  Killcrosse,  one  poll  each ;  Dromharley,  7,  poll  i  Moye,  Corade,  Dromgill,  Lemgeltan, 
ounevickelduffe,  Drombarkan,  Lessehegressane,  Lismanie,  Dung,  each  one  poll;  and  Latelloo, 
'a poll;  in  all,  2,000  acres.  Rent,  16/.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in 
ommon  socage.     25  May,  loth  [16 12], 

Natives. 

1.  Grant  to  Mulmonie  Oge  QfReylie  (271),  gent.  Coolecassoge,  one  poll ;  Ardmagh,  one  poll ; 
If  the  poll  of  Anaghowis  ;  Mullaghloghernagh,  one  poll ;  Drombracke,  one  poll ;  Reskenenawe, 
s  poll ;  Trowhoe,  one  poll ;  Neddadayeagh,  one  poll ,  Aghohirnaningle,  7a  poU ;  Copponagh, 
FK)11 ;  Tullyfuble,  one  poll ;  Correcrawgh,  one  poll ;  Garvaghy,  one  poll ;  Cooleracanandoes,  one 
1  J  Dresteman,  one  poll ;  Kilmacworan,  one  poll ;  Ballinecarrig,  one  poll ;  7^  of  the  poll  of 
>rQscrine ;  Cullentra,  one  poll ;  Lislea,  one  poll ;  Corneloob,  7=  V^^  '•>  Lisclowan,  one  poll ; 
iVTiyconnally,  one  poll ;  Corcomead,  one  poll ;  Killnecrosse,  one  poll ;  Corugal,  one  poll ; 
riskeagh,  one  poll ;  Kilnegarvad,  one  poll ;  ^4  o^  Dromgallan  ;  Dromawna,  one  poll ;  Dromrany, 

•  poll ,  Kilmoylen,  one  poll ;  Dongunim,  one  poll ;  Mullatagh,  74  poll ;  Dromewry,  Dongowran, 
"^ghill,  Dromsallagh,  Dromgony,  Dromrott,  Taltneagh,  Moniley,  Kilcroney,  Cordengan, 
>mnicke,  Dromockan,  Corsmottoge,  Tullyballyreogh,  Lisnemollagh,  and  Dirrineskea,  one  poll 
H  ;  Glinskier,  72  PoU ;  half  the  poll  of  Latteloo ;  Bennult,  2  polls ;  Killcally,  one  poll ; 
^rndrinagh,  one  poll ;  Corcreaghagh,  one  poll ;  Lisnegir,  one  poll ;  Tawneveagh,  one  poll ; 
i^CKketyne,  one  poll ;  Pottlereagh,  74  poll ;  Lisderge,  one  poll ;  Aghaglassan,  one  poll ;  Grelly 
i  Shravickneboe,  one  poll  each,  the  two  last  mentioned  being  in  the  barony  of  Loughtee  ;  in  all, 
>oo  acres.  Rent,  32/.  English.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage, 
^  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     14  March,  8th  [16 10]. 

2.  Grant  to  Mulmorie  McPhilip  O'Reilie,  Esq,  The  polls  of  Doonmurrie,  Drombrolushe, 
'^^horan,  Lisbree,  Clongollga,  Ballyhollogh,  Bonowe,  Lisbodowe,  Killagh  otherwise  Lisbofin  in 
he  baliibetagh  of  Ballinikillcheel ;  also  the  polls  of  Lislea,  Dromon,  Camacarrowe,  Monily, 
tiioaghan,  Correlenan,  Killurrell,  Coragh,  Dromrohull,  and  Tullibrick ;  2  polls  in  the  baliibetagh 

(271).  G'Reylu, — See  pp.  60,  114. 


348  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

of  Maghcrymore  ;  in  all,  i,ooo  acres.  Rent,  lo/.  13^.  4//.  To  commence  fh>m  Easter,  1614.  To 
hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  subject  to  the  oonditioas  of  tk 
plantation  of  Ulster.     25  November,  8th  [16 10]. 

3.  Grant  to  Hugh  CReylie^  Esq,  The  polls  of  Liscanan,  Comekillie,  Corragh,  Tonemagkoin, 
Rakenny,  Dromco,  Lappanmore,  Lappanbegg,  Condullar,  Aghavey,  Croscroghan,  Aidtona^ 
Cormeenbeg,  Aghdromgawnagh,  Tullymuchin,  Knockcooderie,  Dromowle,  Comecarrowe,  Cocn^ 
pisty,  and  Tullyballybane,  containing  1,600  acres,  more  or  less.  Rent,  10/.  ly.  4^.  Ed^^  tp 
commence  from  Easter,  16 14.  To  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage^ 
and  subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster,     26  Nov.,  8th  [16 10]. 

4.  Grant  to  Terence  Braddy^  gent.  The  towns  and  lands  of  Catrashe,  one  poll ;  Boghy,  one 
poll ;  IJsnegir,  one  poll;  in  all,  150  acres.     Rent,  i/.  12s,  od, 

5.  Grant  to  Marish  McTuiiy,  gent.  Drqmhillagh,  Dromcassan,  Liscowan,  Lislin,  Canai- 
nerinhy,  and  Dromlyon,  one  poll  each ;  in  all,  300  acres.     Rent,  3/.  4/.  od, 

6.  Gmnt  to  Thomas  Braddy^  gent  Dromaveale,  Maghery,  and  Kilcraw^h,  each  one  poD; 
in  all,  150  acres.     Rent,  i/.  12s,  od, 

7.  Grant  to  Connor  McShane  Roe  [CBradie],  gent.  Camsnagh,  Anaghkean,  and  Anagfaud, 
each  one  poll ;  in  all,  150  acres.     Rent,  i/.  12s,  od. 

8.  Grant  to  Henry  Betagh^  gent.  ToUyJnshin,  7,  poll ;  Drombrade,  one  poll ;  Banagkott 
poll ;  Cohagh,  Magheheryneh,  and  Aghnekaltra,  one  poll ;  V^  of  the  poll  of  Moyo ;  in  aO,  s6> 
acres.     Rent,  2/.  151.  o^. 

All  the  above  to  hold  forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  and  subject  to 
the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.     2  May  and  4  June,  9th  [161 1]. 

From  the  foregoing  list  of  grants  to  natives,  we  find  that  only  a  very  few  of  such  in  eicb 
county  were  admitted  to  partake  in  the  plantation  scheme,  and  that  whiktthey  had  previously  hd^ 
the  rank  of  gentlemen — so  styled,  indeed,  in  their  miserable  patents — they  were  obliged  to  acccp* 
the  merest  shreds  of  their  own  soil.     Of  those  half  dozen  or  so  among  the  Ulster  nobiEty,  wb© 
got  grants  varying  from  600  to  4,000  acres,  some  were  only  given  a  life  interest  therdn,  wUlst  ^ 
other  cases  the  lands  were  appropriated  under  one  plea  or  other  by  neighbouring  servitors,  dd>^ 
at,  or  even  before,  the  decease  of  the  Irish  grantees.    Thus,  Art  Mac  Baron  O'Neill,  (who  hJ» 
several  valiant  sons,  of  whom  Owen  Roe,  afterwards  the  famous  Ulster  general,  was  one),  ieino>rev 
in  extreme  old  age  from  his  own  Oneilan,  and  got  his  new  estate  of  2,000  acres  only  during  ^ 
lives  of  himself  and  his  wife,  the  lands  thus  passing  in  less  than  two  years  into  the  hands  of  \^ 
Audley.     Two  noble  ladies  in  Donegal — one,  the  mother  of  the  Earl  of  Tyrconnell,  and  the  otbft 
the  widow  of  the  chieftain  who  had  owned  the  whole  territory  of  Boylagh — obtained  only  a  life  inteictf 
in  certain  estates,  which  were  miserable  alike  in  size  and  situation.  Sir  Ralph  Bingley  having  got  ^ 
reversionary  grant  of  their  lands.     Henry,  the  eldest  son  of  Shane  O'Neill,  and  Tiila^  die  dM 
son  of  Sir  Arthur  O'Neill,  of  Newtown  and  Strabane,  were  both  removed  from  tbeir  own  &tiktt 
into  the  barony  of  Dungannon,  evidently  with  the  view  that  their  lands,  which  were  of  oonskknlk 
extent,  might  eventually  fall  into  the  possession  of  some  one  or  more  of  the  powerful  seniloB 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES.  349 

len  settling  in  that  district  And  such  was  indeed  the  result ;  for  the  2,000  acres  granted  to  the  one, 
id  the  3,000  to  the  other,  soon  came  into  the  hands  of  Sir  Toby  Caulfield,  and  were  eventually 
corporated  by  the  act  of  settlement  in  the  Charlemont  estates.  These  are  only  a  few  cases 
nong  several  of  minor  importance  that  might  be  mentioned 

But  the  fate  of  such  native  gentry  as  were  serviceable  in  various  ways  to  the  Government,  and 
^erwards  rewarded  by  small  shreds  of  barren  soil  far  away  from  their  native  homes,  was  pitiable 
deed.  For  them,  and  still  less  for  the  much  greater  number  of  equal  rank  who  had  been  utterly  cast 
It,  the  British  settlers  generally  do  not  appear  to  have  had  any  kind  thoughts  or  sympathies.  The 
Aicy  of  the  latter  in  the  winter  of  161 1,  or,  as  soon  as  they  had  got  their  first  crops  saved, 
nd  almost  exclusively  by  native  hands),  was  to  discourage  and  drive  away  such  Irish  as  had  eveo 
pplied  them  with  provisions  during  the  twelve  months  preceding.  The  British  settlers  did  not 
sh  to  dispense  with  Irish  churls  or  labourers,  but  for  that  class  who  had  been  more  respectable 
an  themselves,  they  naturally  cherished  a  vague  terror,  even  whilst  receiving  civilities  at  their 
mds.  But  these  civilities  could  be  dispensed  with  after  the  November  of  16 11,  and,  therefore, 
kc  Irish  who  were  doomed  to  transplant  themselves,  were  no  longer  required.  Their  'civilized' 
jpplanters  were  bound  to  have  in  readiness  for  immediate  use  ample  stores  of  arms  and 
imnunition, — a  fact  of  which  the  natives  were  made  fully  and  frequentiy  aware.  The  latter  had 
10  reason  to  complain,  therefore,  should  anything  unpleasant  happen  to  them  at  times,  if  they  per- 
isted  in  loving  their  old  homes  **not  wisely,  but  too  well," — a.  sentiment  which  was  interpreted  by 
he  planters  to  mean  only  a  sort  of  incipient  treachery  and  conspiracy  against  themselves.  Any 
atives  found  lingering  or  lurking  around  premises  that  had  once  been  their  own,  could  generally 
spect  no  more  cordial  welcomes  than  calivers  pointed  at  them  from  the  gates  of  new  bawns  or  the 
bdows  of  great  stone  houses  in  the  course  of  erection.  Not  until  that  fatal  winter,  therefore, 
d  the  natives  appear  to  realize  the  actual  horrors  of  their  condition — the  full  extent  of  their 
rfdom  and  desolation.  We  may  imagine  something  of  the  agony  and  dismay  of  those  who  had 
<^pied  positions  of  comfort  and  respect  throughout  the  several  counties  of  Ulster,  but  who  were 
>ouied  to  become  outcasts  on  their  own  soil,  and  to  feel  that  their  families  were  now  likely  to  be 
St.  And  such  was,  indeed,  generally  the  lamentable  £icL  Their  daughters,  thus  rudely  pushed 
!>tti  their  places  in  life,  were  constrained  to  intermarry  beneath  their  rank ;  and  such  of  their 
)tis  as  submitted  peacefully  to  their  destiny  were  soon  constrained  to  dwell  among  the 
^i^blest  of  those  who  had  been  their  fathers'  tenants  and  servants.  It  frequently  occurred  that 
^ny  of  the  gentry  class,  who  had  been  children  in  161  o,  were  known  in  1670  as  old  men,  wearing 
reize  coats,  and  farming  the  scraps  that  had  been  granted  to  their  fathers  in  the  year  first 
mentioned  Even  the  representatives  of  ancient  and  noble  families  in  Ulster  were  found,  in  very 
Mny  cases,  to  depend  for  their  support  on  the  kindness  of  humble  friends,  who  knew  and 
wnembered  from  what  they  had  fallen.     See  Moran's  Z^  of  Archbishop  Plunkety  pp.  82,  108,  no. 

But  there  were  also  fiery  spirits  among  the  youthful  gentry  and  n6bility  of  Ulster, — ^young 
len  who  could  not  brook  the  new  order  of  things,  and  who,  after  coshering  for  a  time  among 
leir  fathers'  former  tenants,  betook  themselves  to  the  great  green  woods,  adopting  that  craft  or 
:cupation  which    has  been  made   comparatively  respectable,    under  such  circumstances,    by 


350 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


men  like  Robin  Hood,  Redmond  O'Hanlon,  Shane  Crossach  O'Cahan,  and  several  others  that 
might  be  named.  These  gentry  affected  or  afflicted  the  British  settlements  in  the  county  of 
Armagh  more  than  in  any  other  district  of  Ulster — a  fact  which  was  accounted  for  in  part  by  the 
prevalence  of  dense  woods  therein,  and  in  part  by  the  greater  numbers  of  the  upper  classes  that 
had  been  there  dispossessed.  The  sons  of  these  numerous  families  appear  to  have  been  admirers 
of  Oghie  Oge  O'Hanlon,  who,  before  his  departure  for  Sweden,  had  organised  a  daring  company, 
whose  only  object  was  the  levying  of  black  mail  from  the  British  settlers.  In  the  winter  of  1611, 
this  company  became  a  formidable  band,  whose  movements,  strangely  enough,  appear  to  have  been 
winked  at  by  the  servitors  in  that  county,  from  some  feeling  of  jealousy,  it  was  supposed,  towards 
their  fellow-colonists,  the  British  undertakers.  At  least,  so  thought  the  latter,  who,  instead  of 
appealing  in  this  instance  to  Chichester,  carried  their  complaints  directly  to  the  King.  The 
deputy  believed  that  they  were  too  easily  frightened  by  the  woodkeme,  that  in  feet  they  had  not 
courage  equal  to  the  occasion,  or  to  the  position  they  had  assumed  as  colonists.  But,  althou^ 
Chichester  affected  to  rise  above  the  fear  of  mere  woodkeme,  he  seems  to  have  literally  trembled 
when  he  got  time  to  think  over  the  probable  feelings  and  sentiments  of  the  native  people  of  Ulster. 
This  state  of  affairs  will  be  best  explained  by  the  King's  letter  in  reply  to  the  complaints  firoo 
Armagh,  which,  with  its  marginal  remarks  and  explanations,  was  found  among  the  coUectiaD  of 
Irish  State  Papers  recovered,  some  time  since,  from  Philadelphia,  in  the  United  States. 

We  close  this  chapter,  therefore,  by  submitting  the  document  to  our  readers  in  exUnsfi,  with 
the  deputy's  *apostils'  or  marginal  observations,  which  are  all  in  his  own  handwriting: — 

"  Having  heard  by  complaint  of  Sir  James  Douglas,  and  the  rest  of  the  British  undertakers  ^ 
the  county  of  Armagh,  how  much  they  are  discouraged  in  their  plantations  by  the  robberies 


The  reason  why  more  stealths  have  been  com- 
mitted upon  the  undertakers  in  that  county  than 
the  rest,  is  that  the  woody  countries  of  Clancan, 
Brasilough,  Killultagh,  Killwarnan,  the  Brentie, 
the  lower  part  of  Orier,  and  Onealan,  which  have 
ever  bred  kernes  (272),  do  border  upon  them 


are  daily  committed  upon  them  by  the  naliw"^ 
of  the  country ;  the  King,  for  the  future  safety  » 
the  undertakers,  and  to  secure  them  against 
practices  of  such  lewd  persons  as  endeavour 
dishearten  them  from  proceeding  any  furtl»* 
in  their  plantation,  directs  him  to  lay  his  [cl>^ 
King's]   express    command  upon  all  servito" 


(272).  Brt'd  kernes. — Chichester's  own  policy  in  Ulster, 
and  particularly  after  the  revolt  of  O'Dogherty,  really 
bred  more  kernes  than  all  the  woods  he  thus  enume- 
rates in  his  first  note,  When  *bred,'  however,  so 
plentifully  at  that  crisis,  and  during  many  a  dreary 
age  of  English  oppression  before  it,  the  kerne  found 
splendid  haunts  prepared  for  them  in  the  old  woods  of 
Antrim,  Armagh,  and  Tyrone,  above  named.  Sir  Henry 
Bagenal  wrote  a  Description  of  Ulster,  about  the  year 
1 5S5,  and  these  woods  did  not  fail  to  attract  the  worthy 
knight's  attention.  Clancan  he  describes  as  "a  verie 
stronge  count rey,  allmost  all  wood  and  deepe  bogg.  In 
this  countreyare  no  horsemen,  but  about  some  100  kerne, 
who  lyve  for  the  most  parte  upon  stealthes  and  robcries." 
^^  Clanbrasell  [which   Chichester  calls   Brasilough]  is  a 


very   woodie  and  bo«[ie  countrey,   appoo   the  . 
I^oghe's  syde  called  Sighe  [Ne^] ;  it  hath  in  it  *^ 
horsemen,  but  is  able  to  make  80  kerne"  [foot  fokfiC*' 
" A?/f<//^ [KiUultagh,  Cciil Uitagk,  'wood of  tlstffl|«* 
verie  fast  countrey,  full  of  wood  and  bogg ;  it  buidtfjj 
uppon  Loghe  Eaghe  and  ClanbraselL     •    •    .    •    ^ 
[Cormack  McNeil,— Connack,  s<»  of  Nol  0*NcilI]  « 
able  to  make  20  horsemen  and  100  keme.    TliisooHf^ 
(afore  the  Barons*  wars  in  England)  was  poMOMii^ 
enhabited  by  Englishe  men,  and  thoe  doche  yd  nrnt^ 
an  old  defaced  castle  which  still  [in  1586]  beMlk  ^ 
name  of  one  Sir  Miles  Trade. "    **A!ihpariyn  [tneomA 
named  Kilwaman  by  Chichester]  boandincenppon  %Smt 
tagh,  is  a  verie  fast  woodlande.*'    The  *&CDtic^*  'Bi9 
tur,'  now  Brantiy,  is  a  district  in  the  sontiMni  fot^ 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


351 


idertakers]  ;  besides  which  Oghie  O'Han- 
ebellion  left  there  many  a  mischievous 
unpardoned,  whom  I  have  now  (at  the 
€  of  the  undertakers)  taken  in  and  given 
lis  Majesty's  pardon,  and  I  pray  God  it 
ake  them  honest. 

/e  given  express  command  herein  generally, 

I  can  learn  out  any  particular  person,  who 
)  forgotten  himself,  and  abused  the  service, 
bllow  his  Majesty's  directions  precisely. 

[3]- 

nk  Sir  James  Douglas  can  acquaint  him 
ley  are  ;  for  here  they  that  should  inform 

II  not  tell  him. 

[4]. 

British  undertakers  do  still  retain  the 
,  all  directions  and  proclamations  notwith- 
g,  of  which  I  have  by  former  letters 
ited  the  Lords,  and  expect  further  direc- 
nd  new  warrant  to  remove  them,  if  that 
King's  pleasure. 

[5]- 
e  never  was  any  such  man  pardoned,  but 

is  I  have  been  told),  have  broken  prison 

they  were  brought  to  their  arraignment, 

.Tefore  to  prevent  the  like  I  have  required 

them  hanged  by  martial  law,  and  have 

commission  for  that  purpose. 

and  comprised  in  the  parish  of  Aghaloo.  It  was 
scly  covered  with  wood.  ^^O/iatilon's  [Orier]  is 
most  parte  without  wood,"  says  Bagenall ;  but 
er  correctly  states  that  **the  lower  part  of  Orier" 
led,  which  it  certainly  was,  inhistime.  *'Oneylan," 
enall,  is  likewise  a  woode  lande  betwene  Ard- 
id  Clancann. "  Thus,  the  statement  about  woods, 
ester's  note,  is  amply  borne  out  by  Sir  Henry 
*s  Discription^  and  might  be  further  confirmed 
early  authorities.  See  Ulster  Jourftal  of  Ar- 
vol.,  ii.  pp.  149-152.  Brantry,  in  Tyrone,  we 
\y  infer  was  a  favourite  haunt  of  the  unhappy 
known  as  woodkeme.  About  five  miles  south- 
Dungannon,  and  three  miles  east  of  Camteel, 
om  of  an  almost  perfect  amphitheatre,  surrounded 


there,  to  aid  the  undertakers  to  the  uttermost  of 
their  power,  in  defence  of  their  lands  and  goods. 


And  because  it  has  been  rumoured  that  some 
of  the  servitors  there  are  willing  enough  to  see 
the  undertakers  thus  discouraged,  that  they  may 
relinquish  their  plantation  imperfect  and  quit 
the  country,  if  he  [Chichester]  should  find  any 
of  them  to  offend  in  this  manner,  he  is  to  dis- 
charge them  of  all  their  commands  and  enter- 
tainment, and  hold  them  incapable  of  any  future 
preferment  And  because  the  servitors  have 
the  special  privilege  that  they  may  have  the 
natives  to  inhabit  their  lands,  they  ought  the 
more  carefully  to  keep  them  from  being  offensive 
to  the  undertakers  by  thefts  and  robberies.  And 
therefore  thinks  it  fit,  if  any  of  them  [the  wood- 
kerne]  shall  be  apprehended  and  convicted  of 
such  capital  offence,  that  justice  be  severely 
executed  upon  them  by  his  [Chichester's]  com- 
mand, without  any  pardon. 


by  vast  hills  to  the  east,  south,  and  west,  and  within  the 
last  80  years,  having  a  dense  wood  cresting  the  north, 
lies  the  *  Friary  Lough, '  shaped  like  a  rose  leaf.  To  the 
west  stretch  the  hiUs  of  Carrowcashel ;  to  the  east  is  a 
high  hill  called  Stoney-Batter,  running  precipitately 
to  the  lough,  covered  with  boulders  of  freestone  and 
immense  tracts  of  furze ;  while  southward  is  Gort-Hill, 
terraced  to  the  top,  and  crowned  with  an  earthen  fort. 
This  is  the  highest  hill  in  the  district,  and  on  a  clear  day 
a  circuit  of  forty  miles,  including  Lough  Neagh,  the  moun- 
tains of  Donegal  and  Derry,  with  laige  sweeps  of  the  coun* 
ties  of  Down,  Armagh,  and  Fermanagh,  can  be  traversed 
by  the  naked  eye.  See  a  JViif/^  by  J.  W.  Hanna,  Esq., 
on  the  fly-leaf  of  a  Translation  of  O  Mellan's  youmal  of 
the  Wars  of  \(>\i. 


352 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


[6]. 
The  benefit  of  tracks  is  afforded  to  all,  which 
gives  more  than  the  true  value  ;  but  the  British 
undertakers  are  careless  in  keeping  of  their 
goods,  and  being  lost,  do  seldom  or  never  follow 
the  track,  but  seek  restitution  out  of  the  whole 
county,  or  sundry  baronies,  according  to  their 
own  valuation  ;  and  it  has  been  proved  unto  me 
that  one  of  them  lost  a  horse  or  gelding,  on  which 
he  demanded  15/.,  but  offered  to  sell  him  for  5/. 
before  he  was  stolen  ;  and,  if  restitution  be  made 
after  that  manner,  they  would  not  care  to  be 
robbed  every  day, 

[7]. 
The  Lord  Chancellor  has  order  to  put  some  of 

(273).  Last  winter, — From  this  passage  in  the  King's 
letter,  and  the  admissions  of  the  deputy  in  his  accompany- 
ing remarks,  it  is  evident  there  had  been  serious  raids 
from  the  woods  during  the  winter  of  16 10.  Of  this  (act 
we  have  a  curious  confirmation  in  a  pamphlet  printed  in 
that  year,  and  known  as  iUenncrhassett's  Direction  for 
the  Plantation  in  Ulster,  In  reference  to  the  doings  of 
woodkeme,  and  other  interesting  denizens  of  the  woods, 
the  writer  gives  the  following  illustration  : — "Sir  Toby 
Caulfield*s  people  [in  county  Armagh]  are  driven  every 
night  to  lay  up  all  his  cattle,  as  it  were  inward,  and  do 
he  and  his  what  they  can,  the  wolfe  and  the  woodkeme, 
within  caliver  shot  of  his  fort  [Charlemount],  have  often- 
times a  share."  In  Adair's  True  Narrative^  there  is  also 
the  following  general  but  interesting  reference  to  the  same 
matter  : — "The  wolf  and  woodkcm  were  greatest  enemies 
to  the  first  planters,  but  the  long  rested  land  did  yield  to 
the  labourers  such  plentiful  increase,  that  many  followed 
these  first  essayers.  '  (See  Reid's  History  of  the  Presby- 
terian  Churchy  vol.  i.,  p.  80;  Killen's  eilition  of  Adair's 
Narrative^  p.  9).  The  plentiful  crops  reaped  during  the 
first  years  of  the  settlement,  together  with  the  facilities 
enjoyed  by  the  Scotch  in  coming  across  the  Channel  to 
visit  their  friends,  and  make  their  marketings,  "took 
quite  away,"  says  the  author  of  the  Montgomery  Manu- 
scripts^  "the  evil  rei>ort  of  wolves  and  woodkems  which 
envyers  of  planters*  industry  had  raised  and  brought  upon 
our  plantations."  (See  2nd  edition,  p.  60).  But  the 
stealths  complained  of  in  the  King's  letter  were  not  con- 
fined to  woodkem  only,  for  *the  benefit  of  tracks,*  as 
Chichester  expresses  it,  could  only  l)e  enjoyed  by  the 
settlers  when  the  thieves  hapi^ned  to  dwell  in  neighbour- 
ing houses,  and  not  in  the  woods.  The  nature  of  this 
old  but  rather  uncertain  mode  of  seeking  remedies  against 
robl)crs  is  explained  in  Pa>Tie's  Briefe  Description  of  Ire- 
land ^  made  in  1 589,  as  follows  : — "And  if  any  of  the  said 
kine  be  stolne,   the  owners  doe  track  which  way  they 


And  further,  as  it  has  always  been  difficult  inthat 
country  to  find  out  the  offenders  in  theft,  through 
secret  conveyances  and  combinations  to  conceal 
them,  he  [the  King]  thinks  it  fit,  according  to  as 
order  which  has  been  long  in  use  and  practice  there, 
that  if,  after  stealth  from  any  of  the  undertakers, 
the  goods  may  be  found,  or  by  tracks  maj  be 
proved  to  have  come  into  the  hands  of  any  of 
the  natives,  or  of  the  servitors,  that  then  either 
the  stolen  goods,  or  the  true  value  of  them, 
should  be  restored  to  the  undertaker,  and  that 
restitution  according  to  this  order  be  nuule  to 
the  petitioners  for  stealths  committed  up(Hi  them 
last  winter  (273). 

And  as  he   [the  King]  presumes  that  the 

were  driven  from  their  ground    .     .    .    for  the  Iiw  s 
there,  if  you  trackc  any  stolne  goodes  into  anj  mil 
land,  he  must  tracke  them  from  nim,  or  answere  tkK 
within  forty  days,  soe  where  the  tracke  ceaseth  the  {ooiei 
must  be  answered."    (See  A.    Smith's  edition,  a  SV 
The  settlers  could  not,  and  in  several  instances  woiui 
see  the  'benefit  of  tracks,'  for  they  were  able,  in 
fashion  mentioned  by  Chichester,  to  secure  a  more  1 
tain,  and  at  the  same  time,  a  much  more  liberal 
The  memorial  to  the  King,  on  the  occasion  aboive ; 
tioned,  had  been  fonvarded  by  Henry  Achcsoo,  one  ^^ 
the  most  extensive  and  energetic  undertakers  in  Am^^ 
(see  p.  2S4),  and  by  him  the  King's  letter,  io  itp*^^' 
was  received,  and  forwarded   to  Chichester.    The  ^^* 
lowing  account  of  a  tragedy    enacted    by    wuudiq^*^ 
about  this  time,  in  the  coimty  of  Down,  is  preserred  V^ 
the  author  of  the  Montgomery  Manuscripts : — "This  Jo^^ 
[Montgomery,  cousin-german  of  the  6rst  Visconnt  Aiit^j 
had   the    Towneland  of  Gransheogfav    in   Donaghac^^ 
parish,  given  him  in  fee-farm,  at  a  small  chief  rent,   ^ 
the  said  Viscount,  when  he  was  Sir  Hugh  MontpxDC^l^* 
The  said  John  was  murdered  in  his  house  there ;  wiii^ 
was  broken  into  and  rifled  in  the  ni^ht,  by  the  Irv^ 
woodkemes  (we  now  call  such  Robbers,  if  on  loot,  1'<>>7^ 
if  on  horseback,  Rapparees),  his  son,  Hajrii,  left  as  ik^g 
of  his  many  woimds  by  their  skeins ;  but  he  cnwled  <^ 
wlien  the  Irish  were  gone  with  their  plunder,  and  vu  V 
the  neighbourhood  found  in  a  bush  ;  for  they  had  Uk^ 
the  alarm  from  some  one  servant  that  had  escaped*  i^|^ 
the  father  and  the  son,  in  their  shirts,  were  hAaig  ^ 
swords  against  the  Irish  and  their  half  ^kes.    Thi^ 
murdered  the  said  John's  wife  also^  and  w  rest  of  d* 
servants.*'    (See  Mcmigomiry  Mamacripis^  new  cdiM 
P*    357)*     1*his  Hugh  Montgomery,   who  so  wivi^ 
escaped  with  his  life,  is  represented  at  the  pieacBtd^f  lif 
Hugo  Montgomery,  Esq.,  of  Greyabbey,  conntyDov^ 


GRANTS   AND   GRANTEES. 


353 


the  commission.  undertakers  will  be  very  active  in  the  inquiry 

and  prosecution  of  thieves  and  robbers,  he  holds 
it  fit  that  such  of  them  as  are  sufficient  to  the 
execution  of  the  place  should  be  put  into  the 
commission  of  the  peace. 

He  [Chichester]  is  also  to  authorise  the  justices 
of  assize  to  examine  any  order  made  by  virtue  of 
any  commission  in  prejudice  of  any  of  the  under- 
takers     And,    for  as    much   as   the   King   is 
informed  that  many  of  the  tenants  of  the  imder- 
takers,  by  reason  of  the  great  spoils  which  have 
been  done  upon  them,  are  ready  to  forsake  the 
country,  he  authorises  him  [Chichester]  to  publish 
a  proclamation,  both  declaring  his  royal  care 
to  have  the  estates  of  the  undertakers  preserved 
in  peace,  and  the  strict  command  laid  upon  the 
servitors  in  their  behalf,  with  such  further  assur- 
ance as  he  [Chichester]  shall  think  fit,  whereby 
be  encourged  to  proceed  with  cheerfulness  in  this  great  and  expenseful  work  of  their 
I ;  the  King  being  well  assured  of  his  [Chichester's]  faithfulness  in  his  service,  since  first 
:ed  him  with  the  sword  of  that  kingdom, 
[lo]. 

And  therefore  lets  him  know  that  he  has  not 
given  him  those  directions,  as  if  he  conceived 
that  he  had  slackened  the  reins  of  his  government 
there,  but  only  to  strengthen  his  [Chichester's] 
authority,  and  to  quicken  the  endeavours  of 
some  subordinate  ministers,  who,  perchance, 
neglect  the  duties  of  their  places.  Westminster, 
n  March,  i6ii"-i2. 


[8]. 
was  140/.  applotted  upon  the  county  of 
towards  restitution  of  goods  stolen, 
I  British  undertakers  refused,  albeit  the 
as  well  as  the  offender  was  charged 
,  whereupon  the  officers  forbore  to  levy 
1  by  order  from  me  as  the  judges  of 
Dn  the  previous  complaint  of  the  country, 
)  be  eased  of  such  unlawful  taxations, 
Jig  the  offenders  (274). 

[9]. 
be  proclaimed  together  with  the  remove 

Lives,  if  I  may  receive  order  therein. 


bly  thank  his  Majesty  for  his  good 
f  me,  and  I  will  carefully  put  in  execu- 
I  am  directed  and  shall  otherwise  think 


ingtfu  offcn<Ur5. — This  bloody  code  was  carried 
I  vengeance'  to  reassure  and  encourage  the 
lers.  Cattle-lifting  was,  indeed,  the  principal, 
only  offence  then  to  be  dealt  with  in  Ulster, 
ing,  among  other  records,  remain  from  the 
res,  held  at  Armagh,  on  the  8ih  of  March, 
"Brian    O'Mullen   and    William   Drumallen 

worth  4/.,  the  property  of  Richard  Hanley. 
)  be  executed. — Hugh  O'Creggan,  of  Creena, 

the  9th  of  February,  1 61 2-1 3,  at  DrumuUen, 
•  mare,  worth  6/.  6j.  %d.^  the  property  of 
■nley,  yeoman.  Guilty.  To  be  executed. — 
Donnell  O'Hanlon,  of  Carrickelaghan,  yeo- 


man, on  the  loth  December,  16 14,  stole  three  cows, 
value  2ar.  each.  Guilty.  To  be  executed. — Art  McGille- 
chree  and  Gillese  McKemey,  of  Mollenbracke,  yeomen, 
on  the  3rd  January,  1613-14,  stole  a  black  *gelldinge' 
worth  4/.,  belonging  to  Patrick  Granton,  of  Dromfergus. 
Guilty.  To  be  executed."  (See  Ulster  JoumcU  of  Ar- 
chauflo^f  vol.  ii.,  pp.  27,  28).  These  culprits  were  hanged 
immediately  after  sentence  had  been  pronounced  upon 
them,  the  custom  then  being  to  put  halters  round  their 
necks  in  the  dock,  and  lead  them  along  the  principal 
streets  or  thoroughfares  of  the  town  to  the  place  of 
execution. 


[354j 


Chapter  VIII. — The  Londoners'  Plantation. 

|UCH,  then,  was  the  plantation  in  the  five  escheated  counties  of  Armagh^  Tyrone,  Done- 
gal, Fermanagh,  and  Cavan.  We  now  take  up  that  part  of  our  story  which  tells  of 
the  Londoners'  settlement  in  four  remaining  baronies,  one  of  which,  Loughinsholin; 
had  previously  belonged  to  Tyrone  (see  p.  29),  whilst  the  other  three  constituted 
the  old  county  of  Coleraine,  or  the  ancient  and  celebrated  Irish  territory  of  Oireacht>Ui-Cathain. 
These  several  fragments,  with  a  small  portion  of  the  county  of  Donegal,  including  the  island  on 
which  the  city  of  Derry  stands,  and  a  small  portion  of  the  county  of  Antrim  adjoining  Colenise, 
were  united  to  form  the  present  county  of  Londonderry^  and  handed  over  to  twelve  London 

companies  for  pbntation. 

I. 

The  principal  districts  above-named  have  more  or  less  attracted  the  notice  of  Chichester.  In 

his  *  Notes  of  remembrances,'  referring  to  the  county  of  Coleraine,  he  expresses  himself » 

follows : — "  This  county  is  of  small  circuit,  containing  only  three  baronies  [then  known  as  the 

baronies  of  Coleraine,  Lymavadie,  and  Annagh],  two  of  which  are  not  so  large  as  the  barony  a€ 

Dungannon.     It  has  been  for  a  long  time  attempted  for  parcel  of  Tyrone.     The  chief  Septs  tl^al 

inhabit  it  are  the  O'Cahanes  (see  p.  19),  the  O'Mullanes  (i),  Magilliganes  (2),  and  McCloskies  (s^- 

(i).  G'Mtdlanes. — This  sept,  from  an  early  time,  was 
influential  in  0'Cahan*s  country,  but  had  fallen  into  com- 
parative decay  at  the  commencement  of  the  seventeenth 
century.  A  few  of  the  less  respectable  members  had 
taken  the  side  of  the  Government  in  the  war  against 
Hu^h  O'Neill,  but  only  one  is  specially  mentioned  as 
havme  been  worthy  of  reward  as  a  servitor.  This  was 
Captam  Dennis  O'MuIlan,  who  retained  the  command  of  one 
of  the  forts  in  Ulster  at  the  head  of  thirty  men,  until  the  time 
of  his  death  in  1608.  Chichester's  account  of  his  journey 
to  the  north,  in  1605,  contains  the  following  reference 
to  this  native  ofiicer: — **Upon  the  recommendation  of 
Sir  Henry  Docwra  of  the  good  services  of  Dennis 
O'Mullan,  in  spying  and  guiding  upon  sundry  services  in 
the  time  of  the  late  rebellion,  they  [the  deputy  and 
commissioners]  have  persuadetl  the  Earl  of  Tirone  and 
O'Cahane  to  pass  unto  him  in  freehold  forever,  one  town 
of  land  [or  townland]  in  the  place  where  he  was  bom, 
without  i)aymcnt  of  any  other  rent,  duties,  or  customs, 
but  I2</.  per  annum  to  the  chief  lord."  This  O'Mullan, 
whose  land  was  considered  (among  his  kinsmen)  only  as 
the  reward  of  treachery  and  baseness,  could  hardly  have 
hoped  long  to  enjoy  his  good  fortune,  or  even  his  life,  on 
the  outbreak  of  O'Doghcrty's  revolt.  He,  and  one  of  his 
brothers,  were  among  the  first  victims,  being  slain  by  a 
j>arty  of  Shane  Carragh  O'Cahan's  men,  with  whom  was 
a  brother  of  the  O'Mullans.  The  two  murdered  brothers 
were  Dennis  and  Shane,  and  Donagh,  or  Donnell,  the 
third  brother,  was  one  of  the  several  rebel  leaders  after- 
wards panloncd  and  sent  to  Sweden.  A  fri^r  of  this 
family  or  sept  reconciled  the  quarrel  between  O'Neill  and 
O'Cahan,  at  Dungannon.  A  Hugh  Duff  O'Mullan  was 
one  of  the  witnesses  against  Sir  Donnell  O'Cahan  ;  and 


in  161 5  several  persons  of  this  name  gave  evideooe  at 
the  intended  revolt  in  Ulster  of  that  year. 

(2).  Magilligafus, — The  Magilliganes  were  tba 
scattered  families  of  a  <Hice  nomerous^and  inflnentiil 
whom  McFirbis  notices  in  his  enumemtion  of  the 
dantsof  Oilioll,  sonof  Ec^hanBreadach,  as  the  < 
or  Giollagain,     **The  parish  of  Tamlaghtanl  was  l^    , 
Ard  McGillygan  in  the  sixteenth  century,  from  the  ^■■*jj 
who  were  the  hereditary  tenants  of  the  twelve  qnutci*  ^ 
church  land  which  were  in  it     In  later  times  thej^JI* 
has  been  dropped,  so  that  this  parish  appearinf  ca  **^ 
Ordnance  Map  as  Magilligan  will  prove  a  lastioK  ""^ 
rial  of  the  family."    (See  Coliim's  Visitaiwm^  edited    >V 
Dr.  Reeves,  p.  39).     None  of  the  family  appev  lo  k*^ 
distinguished  themselves  on  either  side  during  the  tfnfp" 
between   the  English  and  the  natives  ofUltfer  ia  t** 
sixteenth  century.     Possessing  the  chardi  lands  ia  t*^ 
parish,  the  leaders  of  the  sept  were  probably  *fcbalaf^ 
or  persons  devoted  to  the  study  and  administration  of  t^ 
Brehon  laws.     The  parish  bearing  their  tribe-naac  <■ 
Magilligan  extends  from  the  summit  of  BenyevcM^  ^^ 
the  mouth  of  the  livcr  Roe  northward  to  the  eait  side  <■ 
the  entrance  of  Lough  Foyle,  and  thence  foor  miks  i** 
south-eastward  direction  along  the  Atlantic    The  Mir 
ligans  were  hardly  known  at  the  oommencemeBC  of  V 
seventeenth  century,  from  the  cause,  no  dooblt  ahci^ 
mentioned.     Only  one  Donough  Magilligan  tsBiM^* 
the  State  Papers  relating  to  that  period,  ashaviwbes& 
deputy  from   Sir  Niall  Garve  0*Doandl  to  Sv  Ohi 
O'Dogherty,  during  the  revolt  of  the  latter. 

(3).  McCloskies,'-'' K  bnuich  of  O'Kanei  took  At 
name  of  MacBloscaidh  (now  McCkaky)  firoa  BlaKiA 
O'Kane,  who  lived  in  the  13th  centniy.'*    {jMA  T^ 


THE    LONDONERS     PLANTATION. 


355 


rl  of  Tyrone  made  challenge  unto  this  country,  as  passed  unto  him  by  letters  patent,  and 
i  Sir  Donnell  O'Cahane,  the  now  chief  of  that  name,  to  give  him  200/.  a  year,  in  considera- 
his  challenge,  but  being  unable  to  make  him  payment  of  so  much,  in  respect  of  the  waste 
:ous  expenses  otherwise,  he  yielded  one  of  the  baronies  [Maghery,  see  p.  251]  up  to  the 
lieu  of  the  200/.  which  the  earl  possessed  at  the  time  of  his  flight ;  and  albeit  it 
jht  that  neither  T)Tone  nor  O'Cahane  had  any  good  and  lawful  estate  in  that  country, 
ht  being  in  the  King  by  the  statute  1 1  Elizabeth),  yet  it  is  his  duty  to  declare  that  the 
ountry  (the  castle  of  Annogh,  with  a  good  quantity  of  lands  thereunto  annexed,  and  the 
s  and  Church's  rights  excepted),  was  promised  to  the  said  Sir  Donnell  O'Cahane  upon  his 
lion  in  the  year  1601,  by  the  Lord  Mountjoy,  then  lord  deputy;  and  in  confirmation  hereof 
iam  was  passed  to  him  under  the  great  seal  (see  p.  61).  He  is  now  [1608]  prisoner  in  the 
f  Dublin.  They  [Ley  and  Davys]  are  to  acquaint  their  lordships  [the  council  in  London], 
is  crimes  and  the  accusations  made  against  him ;  and  in  his  cause,  as  in  Sir  Neale 
leirs,  to  receive  directions.  In  this  county  they  [the  Government]  neither  hold  ward,  nor 
en  upon  the  King's  charges.  If  Sir  Donell  O'Cahane  be  found  unworthy  of  the  King's 
by  reason  of  his  treasonable  practices  and  misdemeanours,  then  is  that  country  in  the 
[lands  to  dispose  as  shall  seem  best  unto  his  Majesty.  The  principal  places  to  be  cared 
Id  and  garrisoned]  within  this  county  are  the  castles  of  Annogh  (4),  Lemavadie  (5), 
ne,  and  Downgevyne  (6),  albeit  most  of  them  are  ruinous  and  out  of  repair.  If  Sir  Donell 
ne  be  enlarged,  or  if,  upon  his  trial,  he  escape  the  danger  of  the  law,  two  parts  of  that 
will  not  content  him,  nor  he  [Chichester]  thinks,  the  whole;  but  whatsoever  becomes  of 
od  consideration  must  be  had  of  his  brother,  Manus  O'Cahane,  Manus  ut  Quyvally  (7) 
ti,  and  some  few  others,  whom  he  has  found  honest  in  those  troubles,  and  before.     They 


il   Poems,    Introduction,    p.    12).      The   Four 

at  the  year    11 96,    mention   Donough,  son  of 

.  O'Kane  ;  and  the  latter  is  believed  to  be  the 

)f  the  numerous  clan  or  tribe  of  the  McCloskeys. 

of  the  Benade  Glen,  south-east  of  the  Roe,  is 

«t  exclusively  inhabited  by  this  race.    See  Colton^s 

I,  edited  by  Reeves,  pp.  48,  49. 

nnogh, — "About  two  miles  to  the  north-east  of 

n  the  left  side  of  the  Coleraine  road,  are  two 

ces,  close  by  each  other,  called  Enagh  Loughs, 

which,  in  the  townland  Templetown,  is  a  ceme- 

aining  the  interesting  remains  of  an  ecclesiastical 

which,  in  former  times,  was  a  chapel  of  Clan- 

n  the  corps  of  the  deanery.     Here  the  0*Cahans 

chief  residence,  and  from  them  the  whole  tract, 

Foyle  to  the  Bann,  got  the  name  *  Patria  de 

The  castle  of  Eanach,  which  Mr.  O'Donovan 

as  situated  on  an  island  in  Lough  Enagh  East,' 

olished,  according  to  the  Four  Masters,  in  the 

5,    by  Calvagh  O'Donnell,   but   afterwards   *it 

e  been  re-edified,  as  it  is  shown  on  several  maps 

,  made  in  the  reigns  of  Elizabeth  and  James  I.' 

I's  map  of  Ulster  it  is  called  AnogJu,  and  placed 

^  edge  of  the  lake.     Mercator  and  Bleau  call  it 


AnagA."      ColtorCs  Visitation^  edited  by  Dr.  Reeves,  p. 
28. 

(5).  Lemavadie, — This  castle  stood  on  the  Roe,  at  a 
short  distance  from  the  present  town  so  called.  "  Leim- 
an-mhadttidh  is  mentioned  by  the  Four  Masters,  at  1542, 
as  one  of  O'Cahan^s  castles.  The  name  signifies  'the 
Dog's  Leap."  (See  Cotton* s  Visitation^  edited  by  Dr. 
Reeves,  p,  129).  This  position  must  also  have  been  one 
of  early  importance,  as  it  gave  name  to  the  old  barony 
of  Lymavadie^  now  Keenaght.  It  was  the  last  residence 
occupied  by  the  O'Cahan  chiefs. 

(6).  Downgevyne. — Dr.  Reeves  states  that  **Dungivin 
and  Glengivin  may  be  latinised  *Munitio  pellium*  and 
'vallis  pellium,'  and  it  is  a  curious  coincidence  to  find 
them  both,  a  thousand  years  after  they  received  these 
names,  accidentally  granted  to  the  Skinners'  Company." 
See  Cotton* s  Visitation,  edited  by  Dr.  Reeves,  p.  41. 

(7).  Quyvally. — The  O'Cahan  here  so  ridiculously  mis- 
named by  Chichester  has,  also,  in  another  State  Paper, 
been  made  to  represent  no  fewer  than  three  individuals  ! 
His  real  name  was  Manus  McCoey  Ballagh  (not  ut  Quy- 
vally) McRichard,  or  Manus,  son  of  Cumhaighe  or  Coey 
Balla^h,  son  of  Richard  or  Rory  O'Cahan. 


356 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


[Ley  and  Davys]  must  remember  to  declare  the  fishings  of  the  river  of  Loughfoyle,  the  Kan 
(see  p.  loo),  and  other  places  which  are  in  this  county,  and  what  claims  are  made  to  them,  9nd 
therein  [to  request  the  council  in  London  to]  declare  their  pleasures." 

Such  is  Chichester's  account  of  Sir  Donell's  'country,'  written  when  that  chief  was  awaidog 
his  trial ;  and  although  the  writer  affected  not  to  know  what  would  be  the  result  of  O'Cahan's 
imprisonment  in  Dublin  castle,  on  one  point  he  seems  to  have  made  up  his  mind,  to  wit,  that 
the  captive  should  be  no  more  permitted  to  trouble  the  'civilizers'  in  Ulster.  Davys  and  Lejdid 
not  then  go  to  London  to  explain  how  efficiently  Sir  Donnell  had  assisted  them,  first,  to  subjugate 
the  North,  and  afterwards  to  banish  O'Neill ;  nor  to  plead  that,  because  of  his  usefulness  and 
fidelity  to  the  English,  he  might  be  generously  dealt  with,  even  although  his  allegience  had  been 
made  somewhat  shaky  by  harsh  treatment  afterwards.  They  did  not  go  to  demxmd,  in  &ct,  as 
they  ought  to  have  done,  that  O'Cahan  might  be  secured  in  peaceable  possession  of  at  least  a 
portion  of  his  estates.  On  the  contrary,  with  Chichester's  'notes'  in  their  hands,  and  his  inspira- 
tion to  prompt  all  their  arrangements  with  the  council  in  London,  they  went  prepared  to  explain 
how  that  by  an  Act  passed  in  the  eleventh  year  of  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  they  could  sdae 
every  foot  of  O'Cahan's  country,  that  the  best  interests  of  the  plantation  required  them  to  do  so, 
and  that  should  it  really  not  be  found  possible  to  have  him  hanged  in  Ireland,  he  must  be 
transferred  to  England,  and  there,  by  some  means,  prevented  from  ever  setting  foot  in  Ulster 
again. 

As  already  stated,  Deny,  an  important  position,  was  taken  from  its  former  connection  with 
Tirconnell  or  Donegal,  and  included  in  the  county  of  Londonderry  for  the  special  interest  and 
gratification  of  the  Londoners.  Chichester's  *  notes  of  remembrances'  referring  to  this  place  io 
1608,  are  as  follow : — "The  Deny  has  not  a  foot  of  land  laid  to  it ;  all  on  Tyrconnell's  side[wb»J 
belonged  to  it  on  the  Donegal  side]  was  passed  to  private  men,  or  is  the  Bishop's,  together  viti 
the  very  site  of  the  city  (8) ;  and  by  reason  of  the  contention  arising  thereon,  the  inhabitants  \a^ 


(8).  Site  of  the  city. — On  the  25th  of  May,  1 603,  were 
demised  to  Sir  Henry  Docwra,  governor  of  Lough  Foyle, 
•*one  newe  house  in  the  fort  of  the  Derrie,  builded  by 
him,  wherein  he  nowe  dwelleth,  with  the  late  dissolved 
chappell  of  Nounes  [nuns],  and  the  Stone  Tower  by  the 
bogg-syde,  situate  in  the  island  of  the  Derrie,  in  county 
Dounagall,  with  the  whole  island  of  the  Derrie,  and  aU 
other  buildings,  gardens,  &c.,  in  said  island — to  hold  for 
21  yeares."  \Y,x(^\  Repertory,  p.  48).  *'Derry  is  placed 
on  the  western  or  Donegal  side  of  the  Foyle,  about  five 
miles  above  the  junction  of  that  river  with  Lough  Foyle, 
and  fourteen  below  Lifford.  The  situation  is  equally 
remarkable  for  its  distinguished-  local  advantages  and 

Eicturesque  features,  being  a  hill  nearly  insulated  by  a 
road  and  navigable  river,  and  commanding  on  every 
side  views  of  a  country  rich  in  natural  and  cultivated 
beauty.  This  hill,  which,  in  troubled  times,  was  selected 
as  the  natural  acropolis  of  the  North,  comprised  till  lately 
within  its  limits  the  whole  of  the  city  and  suburbs.  The 
hill  or  island  of  Deny,'  as  it  is  still  usually  called,  which 
is  of  an  oval  form,  ascends  to  an  elevation  of  1 19  feet, 


and  contains  199a.  3r.  30p."  (See  Memoir  §f  Tmfkm^ 
Parish^  p.    17).     The  grant  to  Sir  Henry  Docwit<^  * 
charter  for  this  place,  in  1604,  redtes  thftt  **tlie  to*Bf[ 
borough  of  the  Derrie  bcinge,  by  its  natunll  sole  t^ 
scituation,  verie  commodious,  and  6tt  to  be  a  tovae  ^ 
warreand  merchandize,  a  charter  was  graunted  00  the  1 1^ 
daie  of  July,  to  Sir  Henry  Docwra,  and  to  the  inhabits^ 
of  the  toMme  of  Derrie,  and  of  the  droiit  of  luide 
water  lying  within  three  myles,  from  the  olde 
wallcs  in  said  towne,  in  a  right  line  ererie  wai 
aboute."      This  distinction  as  well  as  adjutage  ^ 
cnferred  on  the  old  knight  above  named,  becaase  oC  ^ 
having,  as  it  is  stated,   "by  his  Taloor,  tndaitrie,  ^ 
charge,  repossessed,  repaired,  and  repeopled  the  tomrf 
Deme,  wnich  was  utterlie  ruinated  oy  the  late  ichcffis 
in  those  partes,  and  having  by  his  indevon^  laide  a  (Oil 
foundation  for  plantinge  a  colony  of  ciTiU  and  obc&A 
people  in  that  place.     His  majestie,  for  atabUaKniiC  ^ 
same  in  perpetuitie,  erected  a  new  coipo  atioa  theve  ;  wk 
also  as  a  memoriall  and  recompense  of  the  territt  wk 
charge  [expenses]  of  the  said  Sir  Heniy,  «^  had  bene  Ik 


THE  LONDONERS  PLANTATION. 


357 


comfort  to  continue  and  abide  there,  and  their  departure  from  thence,  as  he  conceives, 
le  least  cause  of  the  loss  of  that  town  [during  O'Doghert/s  revolt].    They  have,  however, 

the  rampiers  and  parapets  of  the  two  forts,  and  are  in  hand  with  a  strong  and 
1  castle  for  Iceeping  the  King's  arms  and  munition,  which  is  done,  and  to  be  done,  with  a 
-ge  to  his  Majesty,  the  burthen  thereof  being  laid  upon  the  county  of  Enishowen,  and 
:  of  such  preys  and  booties  as  were  gotten  from  the  rebels  [after  O'Dogherty's  revolt] ; 
sonpiers  aud  parapets  being  of  earth  and  sod  (which  is  not  good' in  those  parts),  it  will 
ilder  and  decay  as  it  did  in  former  times.  Could  wish,  therefore,  that  the  King 
pleased  to  bestow  a  wall  of  stone,  at  least  about  the  two  forts ;  and  albeit  the  charge 
newhat  great,  yet  greater  benefit  will  redowne  [redound]  to  the  Crown  in  the  settlement 
nation  of  that  country ;  indeed  the  continual  patching  thereof  will,  in  a  few  years, 
nore  money  than  the  present  work  will  require.  Considering  the  help  of  labourers  and 
ich  Enishowen  and  the  counties  adjoining  should  give  to  it,  and  the  ditching  of  the  town, 
nrhole  work  were  finished,  he  is  moved  to  propound  for  this  charge,  seeing  that  the  city 
planted  there  with  so  great  expense  and  consumption  of  men  and  money,  and  that  it  is 
ontinued  and  countenanced  for  his  Majesty's  service.  In  his  letters  of  the  2nd  of  June 
lords  [the  council  in  London]  that  part  of  the  lands  of  Enishowen  might  be  disposed  to 

as  appears  by  a  branch  of  that  letter,  which  he  delivers  herewith  (9).  Upon  sight  of 
[platt  or  map],  and  further  consideration  of  the  matter,  thinks  fit  that  the  land  which 
i  Pawlett  purchased  from  Sir  Henry  Docwra,  .may  be  gotten  by  purchase,  or  exchange 
and,  and  laid  to  the  town  for  the  use  of  that  corporation,  since  it  lies  adjoining  to 
nore  commodious  than  the  lands  of  O'Doghertie,  none  of  these  being  within  two  miles 

(10) ;  but  this  he  must  leave  to  the  consideration  of  the  lords,  as  it  will  appegtr  to  be  a 


use  of  said  foundation,  appointed  him  provost 
Iso  clarke  of  the  market  and  escheator,  the 
raU  within  said  boundes,  and  maior  of  the 
empowered  him,  duringe  life,  to  nominate 
,  aldermen,  burgesses,  and  freemen."  See 
-tory^  pp.  114,  115. 

uUh. — The  letter  to  which  Chichester  refers 
by  him  on  the  2nd  of  April,  not  on  the  2nd 
\  the  "branch  of  that  letter"  then  quoted  or 
the  edification  of  the  council  in  London  was 
-"Among  the  rest,  he  will  be  able  to  report 
!ie  present  state  of  the  Deny,  a  place  for  the 
thereof  he  has  always  been  as  careful  as 
he  city  of  Derry,  as  they  know,  had  its 
id  growth  by  the  great  garrison  which  was 
e  in  the  time  of  the  rebellion  [in  the  year 
the  victuallers,  pro  van  t  masters,  and  other 
who  visited  the  same  for  that  cause.  But, 
rrison  was  dissolved  before  the  place  had 
nt  root  for  long  continuance,  it  is  no  marvel 
.*cay,  and  is  abandoned  by  the  inhabitants, 
was  not  an  equal  distribution  of  the  lands 
soldiers  and  common  people,  nor  yet  any 
istures,  or  6elds  reserved  for  them ;  but  all 
few  private  persons,  who  either  assumed  the 
Dur  of  right,  or  have  since  purchased  great 


scopes  to  themselves  without  regard  of  the  public 
pood  of  the  place.  .  .  .  The  very  site  of  the  place 
IS  the  Bishop's,  as  he  alleges ;  but  Sir  George  Pawlett 
possesses  it,  and  all  the  other  lands  next  adjoinincj  on  the 
Tyrconnell  side  belong  either  to  him  [the  bishop],  or  to 
Sir  George  Pawlett,  who  purchased  the  same  from  Sir 
Henry  .IkK:wrae.  Moreover,  the  office  of  Provost  there 
is  made  perpetual  daring  the  life  of  Sir  Henry  Docwrae 
(see  note  8),  neither  the  honour  thereof,  nor  the  benefit, 
if  any,  beine  communicable  among  the  inhabitants.  By 
reason  of  all  which,  and  of  the  dissensions  between  Sir 
George  Pawlett  and  the  Bishop,  captains,  and  principal 
inhabitants,  the  poor  infant  city  daily  consumes  and  wears 
away,. and  will  be  soon  resolved  into  her  first  principals 
again,  if  she  be  not  forthwith  strengthened  and  restored 
with  some  comforts  from  the  King,  or  if  the  Government 
thereof  do  not  by  fortune  take  a  tetter  settlement  than  he 
can  hope  for." 

(10).  Two  nules  of  the  city, — This,  it  must  be  remem- 
bered, was  written  after  the  defeat  and  death  of 
0*Dogherty,  and  whilst  Chichester  .had  just  been  umng 
his  own  claims  to  get  possession  of  Inishowen.  He  did  not 
now,  therefore,  recommend  that  any  part  of  O'Doghertv't 
lands  should  be  annexed  to  Derry,  but  only  such  as  lay 
between  that  place  and  the  boundary  Une  of  the  O'Dogherty 
estates  which  reached  within  two  miles  of  Deny. 


358  THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

charge  to  the  King  ;  yet  he  is  of  opinion  that  the  widow  and  heir  of  Sir  George  Pawlett,  in  lieu 
this,  takes  lands  in  Enishowen,  or  a  reasonable  sum  of  money ;  and  unless  some  such  care    (^ 
taken  for  that  town,  he  sees  not  how  it  can  continue,  or  bring  comfort  to  the  inhabitants.    Km 
howsoever  this  be  dealt  in,  they  [the  Irish  Government]  must  not  omit  to  assume  to  the  King's  use 
the  site  of  the  town,  together  with  the  island  or  parcel  of  land  in  which  it  stands,  which  is  hut 
three  score  acres,  and  fit  only  for  a  common  and  walks  for  the  inhabitants.     This  was  in  questioo 
between  the  Bishop  and  Sir  George  Pawlett,  and  it  is  like  it  will  be  continued  by  the  successois  of 
the  one  and  the  heirs  of  the  other  until  it  be  determined  by  law,  or  other  powerful  and  ovemi% 
course.     His  meaning  is,  to  leave  to  the  Bishop  and  the  heirs  of  Pawlett  sufficient  room  to  buiW  i 
house,  and  for  gardens,  orchards,  curladge  [curtilage],  and  other  appurtenances,  to  each  of  their 
houses,  if  they  will  build  any  within  the  circuit." 

II. 

Soon  after  the  arrival  of  Ley  and  Davys  in  London  (see  p.  68),  the  plan  was  first  mooted  for 
the  colonisation  of  Sir  Donnell  O'Cahan's  lands,  but  it  would  be  difficult  now  to  discover  exactly 
in  what  quarter  it  originated.  One  theory  is,  that  Elizabeth,  having  been  liberally  assisted 
by  the  purses  of  London  citizens  in  her  struggles  against  the  O'Neills,  had  made  promises  at  some 
time  or  other,  to  repay  or  reward  those  patriotic  men,  from  the  expected  forfeitures  in  Ulster.  It 
is  further  alleged,  that  although  the  Queen  died  before  she  could  meet  her  engagements  in  ihii 
respect,  her  successor  received  an  application  for  payment  from  the  citizens  aforesaid  in  i  tery 
gracious  spirit.  Another  theory  is,  that  the  King,  being  deeply  impressed  with  a  belief  in  the  greit 
power  and  resources  of  the  London  corporation,  could  find  no  rest  until  he  had  enlisted  ils 
asssistance  in  the  settlement  of  Ulster.  It  is  certain,  however,  that  in  the  negotiations  bctireen  the 
King  and  his  council  on  the  one  side,  and  the  corporation  of  London  on  the  other,  both  parties 
professed  to  be  actuated  by  the  most  pious  and  patriotic  principles.  When  the  succcsson<rf 
these  negotiators  on  both  sides  quarrelled  with  such  vehemence  early  in  the  next  reign,  tbi 
recriminations  were  chiefly  instructive  as  illustrating  the  motives  by  which  the  whole  arrangeiDfl*^ 
had  been  originally  conducted.  The  courtly  party  roundly  charged  the  corporation  with  having 
dishonestly  and  furtively  introduced  conditions  into  the  charter  of  1613  which  the  King  had  nc^"*' 
intended  should  be  there,  and  by  which,  among  other  results,  it  came  to  pass,  that  the  corpofaWft 
instead  of  obtaining  a  Cro\Mi  grant  of  27,000  acres  of  arable  land,  as  had  been  agreed,  obtained  d^i' 
only  this  quantity,  but  70,000  acres  "more  than  was  intended  to  be  granted  unto  them,  whereby h* 
Majesty  hath  been  greatly  damnified  in  loss  of  the  rents  of  above  three  score  and  ten  thousand  aO"* 
of  land  ever  since  the  said  first  undertaking  of  the  said  plantation."  The  corporation,  on  the  oth* 
hand,  alleged  that  they  had  been  all  but  seduced  into  the  transaction  by  the  King  and  his  coand 
**  About  July,"  they  say,  "in  the  7th  year  of  James  [1609],  came  a  proposition  by  the  lords  of  hill**' 
Majesty's  Privy  Council  to  the  city  of  London,  to  undertake  the  plantation  of  divers  lands  of  ff^ 
extent  in  the  province  of  Ulster,  in  the  remotest  parts  of  the  north  of  Ireland,  at  that  time  desert** 
by  other  planters,  which  the  city  at  first  refused  to  undertake,  but  upon  pressing  importunity  of  4^ 
said  lords  that  some  selected  persons  from  the  city  might  be  sent  to  view  the  countiyy  and  tbit  Ac 


THE    LONDONERS     PLANLATION.  359 

lantation  might  be  undertaken,  and  upon  the  signification  of  his  said  late  Majesty's  earnest 
to  further  the  said  work,  and  upon  tender  of  large  privileges  and  immunities  to  invite  them 
nto,  certain  persons  of  that  city  were  employed  to  view  the  premises."  See  The  Skinners* 
my  versus  the  Irish  Society,  pp.  88,  loo. 

he  foregoing  extract  puts  on  record  a  curious  and  significant  fact,  to  wit,  that  O'Cahan's 
y  was  offered  to  the  city  of  London  because  of  its  being  'deserted,*  or  rather  shunned,  *by  other 
rs.'  The  question  is  here  at  once  suggested — Why  was  the  county  of  Coleraine  thus  avoided 
glish  and  Scottish  undertakers  ?  Not  certainly  because  it  was  more  barren,  or  barbarous, 
ther  districts.  On  the  contrar)',  it  was  admittedly  amongst  the  most  fertile  and  attractive  in 
This  refusal,  therefore,  to  be  concerned  with  O'Cahan's  country,  on  the  part  of  sharp- 
undertakers,  both  English  and  Scotch,  must  have  arisen  from  a  fear  that  Sir  Donnell  might 
to  claim  his  own ;  and  that  even  should  he  not,  his  clansmen,  confessedly  the  most  warlike 
jter,  could  hardly  be  expected  to  become  pleasant,  or  even  practicable  neighbours.  This 
f  affairs  had  evidently  led  the  King  and  his  council  to  the  conclusion  that,  since  undertakers 
or  even  in  consorts,  could  not  be  induced  to  sit  down  anywhere  between  the  Foyle  and  the 
the  land  must  be  occupied  by  a  powerful  party,  such  as  the  London  corporation  could  easily 
across  the  channel.  The  citizens  were  much  flattered  by  this  favourable  opinion  of  their 
ess,  as  entertained,  and  even  loudly  expressed  in  high  quarters,  the  first  public  move  in  the 
ss  being  made  by  the  King  himself,  who  directed  a  printed  copy  of  the  *  Orders  and 
tions'  to  be  forwarded  to  the  lord  mayor,  and  to  be  accompanied  with  an  intimation  that  the 
:ign  would  graciously  accept  assistance  from  the  cit)',  in  the  great  project  which  he  had 
so  much  at  heart. 

his  intimation  was,  of  course,  very  gratifying  to  begin  with;  and  the  lord  mayor  could  do  no 
lan  issue  a  *  precept'  on  the  subject  without  delay  to  the  masters  and  wardens  of  the  twelve 
Dal  London  companies.  His  mandate  has  been  preserved  in  what  is  known  as  the  Irish 
Book,  and  is  headed — "The  first  generall  instaunce  of  the  proiect  begunn  i®  Julii,  1609." 
xpressed  in  the  following  terms  : — "  Whereas,  I  have  latelie  received  from  the  Lords  of  his 
most  hon^'*=  Privie  Counsaile  a  proiect  for  a  plantation  in  Ireland,  the  Coppie  whereof, 
er  with  a  printed  book,  you  shall  receive  hereunto  annexed,  with  intimation  of  the  King's 
gracious  favour  and  love  to  the  cittie  of  London,  to  graunt  unto  us  the  first  offer  of  so  gracious 
tion,  which  is  likely  to  prove  pleasing  to  Almightie  Gk)d,  honourable  to  the  Cittie,  and 
ble  to  the  undertakers.  These  are,  therefore,  to  \vill  and  require  you  presentlie  to  assemble 
er  a  competent  number  of  the  gravest  and  most  substantiall  of  your  Company,  to  consider 
dly  of  the  said  proiect,  and  of  them  to  nominate  fower  men  of  most  judgment  and  experience 
I  with  like  number  of  fower  of  every  other  of  the  Companyes  of  this  Cittie  amongst  themselves 
sider  of  and  sett  downe  in  writing  such  reasons,  orders,  demaunds,  and  other  circumstances 
fitt  to  be  remembered,  required,  or  performed  in  the  undertaking  of  so  worthie  and  so 
rable  an  action,  and  to  certifie  mee  in  writing,  before  the  fifth  day  of  this  instant  July,  the 
of  such  fower  of  your  Company  as  you  shall  soe  nominate  and  appoint,  wherein  you  are  not 
:  in  any^vise.     From  Guildhall,  this  first  of  July,  1609." 


36o 


THE    PLANTATION    IN   ULSTER. 


The  above  communication  is  known  as  the  first  *  precept'  on  the  business  of  the  Londonen' 
plantation,  and  it  called  upon  the  several  companies  to  assemble  for  the  purpose  of  nominadif 
four  persons  in  each  company,  whose  special  duties  would  be  to  weigh  well  certain  proposals 
submitted  by  the  Government  to  induce  them  to  undertake  for  lands  in  Ulster,  and  also  to  ezamine 
the  contents  of  the  *  printed  book'  accompanying  these  proposals.  This  book  contained  a  priated 
copy  of  the  *  Orders  and  Conditions'  with  which  our  readers  are  already  familiar.  The  proposals,' 
however,  specially  addressed  to  the  Londoners  on  this  occasion  are  headed — ^"^  Motives  and  Reams 
to  induce  the  City  of  London  to  undertake  plantation  in  the  north  of  Ireland,^^  This  was  considered 
a  very  important  paper  at  the  time,  and  it  is  here  submitted  in  extenso^  as  explanatory  to  some 
extent  of  the  general  subject : — 

"  The  late  ruined  city  of  Derry  situate  upon  the  river  of  I-ough  Foyle,  navigable  above  Deny, 
and  another  place  near  the  castle  of  Coleraine,  situate  in  the  river  Ban,  navigable  with  small 
vessels  only,  by  reason  of  the  bar  a  little  above  Coleraine,  seem  to  be  the  fittest  places  for  the  city 
of  London  to  plant      2.  With   small  charges,  these  places,  especially  Derry,  may  be  made 
impregnable  (11).     3.  His  Majesty  offers  to  grant  to  these  two  places  charters  of  incorporadoo; 
the  whole  territory  betwixt  them,  however,  which  is  above  20  miles  in  length,  bounded  by  the  sea 
on  the  north,  by  the  Ban  on  the  east,  and  the  river  Derry  or  Lough  Foyle  on  the  west  (out  of 
which  3,000  acres  or  more  may  be  allotted  to  each  of  the  towns  for  their  commons),  to  be  planted 
with  such  undertakers  as  the  city  of  London  shall  think  fit  ( 1 2),  paying  only  for  the  same  the  easy 
rent  of  the  undertakers.     4.  These  towns  to  have  the  benefit  of  all  the  customs  on  goods  imported 
or  exported,  as  also  tonnage  and  poundage,  and  the  great  and  small  customs  for  2 1  years,  pAjiog 
yearly  Gs.  %d.  Irish  as  an  acknowledgment     5.  That  his  Majesty  would  be  pleased  to  buy  from  the 
possessors,  the  salmon  fishing  of  the  Ban  and  Lough  Foyle,  and  bestow  the  same  upon  these  tovns. 


(11).  Impregnable, — It  is  probable  that  these  "Motives 
and  Reasons'*  were  principally  drawn  up  by  Sir  Thomas 
Phillips,  who  had  closely  studied  the  resources  of  Ulster, 
as  a  field  for  settlement.  Soon  after  the  date  of  this 
document,  however,  he  prepared  what  he  called  a  **  Pro- 
ject for  the  l^ndoners'  plantation  in  the  county  of  Colnme 
and  the  Derr}',"  a  copy  of  which  he  sent  to  Salisbury.  In 
this  *  Project'  he  has  the  following  estimate  of  the  expense 
of  fortifying  Dcrr>' : — '*P'or  fortification  for  the  present, 
6,cxx>/.  ;  100  houses,  at  ico/.  a  house,  io,cxx>/.  ;  store- 
house or  magazine  for  arms  and  munition,  200/.  ;  store- 
houses for  merchandise,  150/.  ;  brewhouse,  200/.;  arms 
and  munition,  100/.  ;  tools  for  fortification,  5(3/.  ;  locks, 
hooks,  hinges,  &c.,  40/.  ;  bakehouse,  50/.  ;  rent  to  the 
l^ing* •  Total,  16,790/.  The  following  is  his  esti- 
mate of  the  expense  require<l  to  secure  Colrane  against 
attacks  from  enemies  witnout : — **  Fortifications,  4,500/. ; 
100  houses,  at  75/.  a  house,  7,500/.;  magazine  or  store- 
house for  arms  and  munition,  200/.  ;  storehouse  for  mer- 
chandise, 150/.  ;  locks,  hooks,  hinges,  and  such  like, 
40/.  ;  tools  for  fortification,  50/.  ;  brewhouse,  150/.  ; 
bakehouse,  50/.  ;  arms  and  munition,  50/.  ;  rent  to  the 
^^•ng» •     Total,  12,740/. 

(12).    Think  fit. — Phillips  argued  that  the  Londoners 


ought  to  expend  at  least  50,000/.  in  thoroughly  0 
ing  their  plantation,  which  he  described  as  **beuig 
the  most  famous  enterprizes  that  hath  of  long  time 
and  which,  without  doubt,  will  redound  to  iKw  great  1 
of  the  King*s  service  as  well  in  England  and  Scochi 
in  Ireland  ;  remaining  a  perpetusd  strength  to  the 
dom,  and  an  everlasting  memory'  to  the  city  of  Lax 
Among  the  items  of  outlay  he  enumerates  the  ibOovi^p 
which   they  oiight  willingly  to  incur  at  the  staitxBf  •" 
*' Cattle  and  tillage  to  stock  the  lands,  which  willlini!^ 
the  com  down  to  a  low  rate,  by  which  means  greit  |^ 
may  be  made  by  transporting  it  into  other  camtfi!^ 
2,800/. ;  fiv-boats  and  ho}'s  for  transporting  conoiodiD^ 
2,200/.  ;   fort  in  Clinconkane,   or  Glin,  to  k)dBe  tkr 
workmen,  which  will  ser\'e  for  a  market,  500/. ;  ncMiS 
servants,  and  other  extraordinaries,    i,oog/.  ;  dttip  ^ 
five  sufficient  men,  viz.,  two  from  the  city  [Loodool  lid 
with  them  a  mathematician,  an  engineer  for  the  loitifai- 
tions,  and  one  skilful  in  iron  works^  500/. ;  stoidKMMitf 
Knockvei^us,  150/.  ;  Newiy,  150/.  ;  Calben  [Kittytei 
200/.  ;  Messareene,   100/.  ;  fort  and  stornooie  it  W 
Brazell,  200/. ;  12  team  of  horses,  6  at  the  Newfy  n&( 
at  Knockvergus,  280/.  ;  three  bridges,  with  outki  Oi 
certain  rivers,  400/. ;  16  horses  to  be  contiiiaaUy  a  Ai 
woods,  140/.  =8,620/. 


THE  LONDONERS  PLANTATION. 


361 


0  license  for  free  export  of  all  goods  growing  on  their  own  lands.  7.  That  the  Admiralty 
ction  in  the  coasts  of  Tyrconnell,  now  supposed  to  be  in  the  Lord  Deputy  by  the  Lord  High 
al's  grant,  may  be  transferred  to  them  for  2 1  years. 

"  The  Land  Commodities  which  the  North  of  Ireland  affords. 

The  country  is  well  watered,  and  supplied  with  fuel  either  of  trees  or  turf  [peat].  2.  It  sup- 
jch  abundance  of  provisions  as  may  not  only  sustain  the  plantation,  but  may  furnish  provisions 
to  the  city  of  London,  especially  for  their  fleets,  as  beeves,  pork,  fish,  rye,  bere,  peas,  beans,  and 
e  years  will  help  the  dearth  of  the  city  (13)  and  country  about,  and  the  storehouses  appointed 
relief  of  the  poor.  3.  It  is  fit  for  breeding  of  mares  and  for  cattle,  and  thence  may  be 
^d  store  of  hides,  tallow,  &c.  4.  The  soil  is  suited  for  English  sheep,  and  if  need  were,  wool 
be  had  cheaply  out  of  the  west  of  Scotland.     5.  It  is  fit  in  many  parts  for  madder,  hops,  and 

6.  It  affords  fells  of  red  deer,  foxes,  sheep  and  lambs,  cony,  martens,  squirrels,  &c.  7.  It 
hemp  and  flax  better  than  elsewhere,  and  thus  might  furnish  materials  for  canvass,  cables, 
e,  and  such  like  requisities  for  shipping.  Also  for  thread,  linen  cloths,  and  stuffs  made  of 
r^am,  which  is  finer  there  and  more  plentiful  than  in  all  the  rest  of  the  kingdom  (14).  8. 
r,  stone,  lime,  and  slate,  and  building  materials  are  to  be  had ;  and  the  soil  is  good  for 
\  bricks  and  tiles.     The  goodliest  timber  in  the  woods  of  Glanconkein  and  Killeitragh  (see 

1  may  be  had,  and  may  compare  with  any  in  his  Majesty's  dominions,  and  may  be  brought 
sea  by  Lougli  Eagh  and   the  Ban  (15).      Fir  masts  of  all   sorts  may  be   had  out   of 

naber    [now  Lochaber]    in  Scotland  (not  far  from   the   North   of  Ireland)   more   easily 

om  Norway.     9.  All  materials  for  building  of  ships  (except  tar)  is  there  to  be  had  in  great 

and  in  countries  adjoining.       10.  There  is  wood  for  pipe  staves,  hogshead  staves,  barrel 

hoop  staves,  clap  boards,  wainscot  (16),  and  dyeing  ashes,  glass,  and  iron-work ;  copper 


Dearth  of  the  city. — Sir  Thomas  Phillips,  after 
ipecified  the  outlay  for  plantation  purposes,  speaks 

of  the  profits  arising  therefrom,  as  follows  :— 
may  be  bred  in  the  woods  20,000  swine,  if  need 
ch  I  value  to  be  a  matter  of  great  moment  for 
nd  pork.  The  profit  may  be  worth  3,000/.  or 
per  annum.  Beef  at  reasonable  rate,  viz. ,  20J.  a 
iide  and  tallow  commonly  worth  between  8j.  and 
;  so  as  the  four  quarters  are  old,  for  12s.     For 

the  ordinary  price  is  from  6j.,  so  there  will  be 
Die  gain  to  vend  it  here,  and  far  better  in  other 
s.  Oatmeal  and  oatmeal-groats  may  be  made 
great  quantity,  and  brought  hither  [to  London], 
lich  will  arise  much  profit  to  the  undertakers,  and 
I  good  to  the  city  of  London  and  other  parts  of 
I.  Butter  and  cheese  may  be  made  in  great 
ice  and  yield  great  profit. " 

Of  the  kingdom.  —  Phillips,  speaking  on  this 
Q  his  *  Project,'  says: — "Yam  would  be  very 
d  if  it  might  stand  with  the  King's  pleasure  to 
e  licence, —  to  the  end  artificers  may  set  on  work 
linen  cloth,  and  other  kinds  of  stuffs.  It  would 
ficial  to  the  commonwealth,  as  likewise  to  this 
itation. " 
V    I 


(15).  And  tfu  Ban. — These  facilities  for  shipping:  are 
explained  by  Sir  Thomas  Phillips,  as  follows : — "The 
Lough  [Neagh]  being  about  12  miles  from  Knockvergus, 
they  may  carry  their  commodities  and  ship  them  away, 
which  will  quit  charge,  rather  than  the  shipping  to  go 
about  in  the  winter,  without  great  cause.  For  example, 
they  will  give  1 5^.  in  a  thousand  more  to  receive  them  at 
Knockvergus,  than  at  Lough  Foyle."  Again  "from 
Lough  Neagh  thev  may  transport  commodities  by  boat 
within  twelve  or  thirteen  miles  of  Newry,  where  they  must 
have  a  castle  or  fort  to  receive  such  conmiodities  as  they 
send  out  of  Tyrone  and  other  parts,  as  also  such  as  come 
out  of  England.  It  is  very  fit  and  commodious  to  have 
storehouses  at  Newry,  for  many  times  in  the  winter,  a 
ship  finding  her  lading  there  will  make  a  voyage  before 
she  can  get  about  the  land  to  Lough  foyle,  and  the  danger 
is  not  so  great  To  keep  continually  six  team  of  g^)d 
horses  in  each  place  [Knockvergus  and  Newry],  will  quit 
the  charges.  By  this  means  they  may  furnish  most  part 
of  the  north,  and  make  more  speedy  voyages  in  the  winter, 
and  with  less  danger." 

(16).  Clap  boards t  ivainscot, — Phillips  refers  to  this 
source  of  convenience  and  profit,  as  follows  : — "Besides 
the  great  benefit  and  profit  that  the  undertakers  shall  reap 


362 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


and  iron-ore  (17)  are  there  found  abundantly.     11.  The  country  is  fit  for  honey  and  wax. 

"  The  Sea  and  the  River  Commodities, 

I.  The  harbour  of  Deny  is  very  good,  and  the  roads  at  Portrush  and  Loughswilly  (not  bi 
distant  from  Deny),  tolerable.  2.  The  sea  fishings  are  plentiful  of  all  manner  of  fishes,  especuDj 
herrings  and  eels.  Yearly,  afler  Michaelmas,  above  seven  or  eight  score  of  sail,  of  the  Kiogfi 
subjects  are  there  for  loading,  besides  an  infinite  number  for  fishing  and  killing.  3.  There  are 
great  fishings  in  the  adjacent  islands  of  Scotland,  where  many  Hollanders  do  fish  all  the  summer, 
and  plentifully  vent  their  fishes  into  Spain  and  within  the  Straits.  4.  Much  train  and  fish  oil  mij 
be  made  upon  the  coast  5.  As  the  sea  yieldeth  fish,  so  the  coast  affords  abundance  of  sea  fowl; 
and  the  rivers  great  store  of  fresh  fish,  more  than  any  of  the  rivers  of  England  (18).  6.  There  be 
store  of  good  pearls  upon  the  coast,  especially  within  the  river  of  Loughfoyle.  7.  These  coasts  lit 
ready  for  traffic  with  England  and  Scotland,  and  lie  open  and  convenient  for  Spain  and  the  Stnits, 
and  fittest  and  nearest  to  Newfoundland. 


"  The  Profits  that  Londofi  shall  receive  by  this  Plantation. 

*'  If  multitudes  of  men  were  employed  proportionally  to  these  commodities,  many  thousuid^ 
would  be  set  at  work,  to  the  great  service  of  the  King,  the  strength  of  his  realm,  and  the  advancemeo^ 
of  several  trades.  It  might  ease  the  city  [London]  of  an  insupportable  burthen  of  persons,  whid' 
it  might  conveniently  spare,  all  parts  of  the  city  being  so  surcharged  that  one  tradesman  is  sorc^ 
able  to  live  by  another ;  and  it  would  also  be  a  means  to  free  and  preserve  the  city  from  infection 
and  consequently  the  whole  kingdom,  which  of  necessity  must  have  recourse  hither,  and  beirt 
pestered  or  closed  up  together  can  never  otherwise,  or  very  badly  avoid  infectioiL  These  cokmi^ 
may  be  a  means  to  utter  infinite  commodities  from  London,  to  furnish  the  whole  north  of  Irebn^S 


by  this  plantation,  it  will  be  a  general  good  for  the  com- 
monwealth, for  by  this  means  London  may  be  not  only 
furnished  with  all  kinds  of  provisions  for  the  sustenance 
of  man,  1)ut  also  with  all  sorts  of  timber,  as  joists,  clap- 
boards, wainscots,  barrel -boards,  h(^head  boards,  oaken 
planks  for  shipping,  and  other  uses.  ' 

(17).  Iron-ore. — **I  am  in  good  hope,"  says  Phillips, 
"there  will  be  found  such  gooKl  store  of  iron-ore  that  it 
shall  bring  a  great  commodity  into  the  land,  for  the  Irish 
themselves  will  take  the  ore,  and  in  short  time  make  iron  ; 
and  it  proves  to  be  very  good,  of  which  they  make  their 
skeynes  and  darts"  [pikes]. 

( 1 8).  England.  — This  theme — the  sea  and  river-Bshings 
of  Ulster — is  one  on  which  every  Anglo-Irish  authority 
becomes  eloquent.  ** There  was  long  since,"  says  Sir 
Thomas  Phillips,  **at  Portrusha  [Portrush],  a  fishing 
used  by  the  Burtons  [Bretons]  in  France,  who  came  every 
season  thither  for  dogfish  and  rays,  which,  being  well 
handled,  are  a  very  great  commodity  in  Spain,  especially 
in  the  Condado,  for  there  they  are  sold  by  weight,  and 
bought  by  them  of  Castellia  la  Vicza,  Cordana,  Salamanca, 
&c,  who  ordinarily  every  week  load  300  or  400  machoes 


and  moyles.     The  rays  in  the  river  of  Ntntet  likew^ 
sell  well,  for  they  are  carried  up  the  river  Lojer  [Loirel 
and  serve  many  good  tO¥ms  upon  that  river,  aid  t^ 
country  next  adjoining.     It  is  requisite  that  ther  [tfcc 
Ulster  settlers]  have  a  fort  and  storehonaes  at  Kjib^^ 
which  must  be  always  furnished  with  a  store  of  ttb  citf* 
for  the  herrin?  and  cod  fishing.     The  main  sdmoo  fi>MC 
of  Lough  Foyle  and  the  Ban,  the  ownen  etteca  vw 
800/.  or  1,000/.  per  annum,  which  by  reason  of  vcsdiV 
it  themselves  into  foreign  countries  by  the  anderttta* 
will  rise  to  a  far  greater  sunu"    Phillipa  had  lived  ai^ 
in  France,  and  appears  to  have  been  familiar  vilk  iki* 
interesting  subject  of  lish  and  fishing,  even  in  IhatfnM^ 
He  adds  here,  by  way  of  encouragement,  that  '*' 
the  Derrie  and  Skerries- Portrushe,  is  but  a  coti 


the  Isles  of  Scotland,  where  there  are  grcit  ^■'^'^ 
The  Islesmen  now  know,  to  their  great  yMriypnfi^"'^ 
'*it  is  but  a  cut  over"  to  this  northern  coast,  winckljlj 
visit  in  great  numbers  during  the  fishing  season  Al"f 
writing  [May  30,  1876],  no  fewer  than  164  ScoOJ* 
smacks  are  anchored  between  Horn  Head  and  Toy  IdM 
herring  fishing. 


THE  LONDONERS  PLANTATION. 


363 


of  Scotland,  which  may  be  transported  by  means  of  the  river  Ban  and  Loughfoyle  into 
ties  of  Coleraine,  Donegal,  Tyrone,  Armagh,  and  Antrim  (19).  The  city  of  Dublin  being 
by  the  slaughter  of  the  Easterlings,  who  were  the  ancient  inhabitants  thereof,  was  given  by 
inry  11.  to  the  city  of  Bristol  to  be  inhabited,  which,  without  any  charge  to  the  King, 
grformed,  whose  posterity  continues  there  to  this  day.  That  plantation  thus  performed, 
?mal  commendation  of  Bristol,  was  not  the  least  cause  of  civilising  and  securing  that  part 
untry.  It  were  to  be  wished  this  noble  precedent  were  followed  by  the  city  of  London  in 
les,  with  so  much  the  more  alacrity  as  they  excel  Bristol  in  ability  and  means.  And  so 
;  rather,  since  the  commodities  which  the  city  of  London  will  reap  hereby  far  surpass  the 
lich  could  redound  to  Bristol  by  the  other  (20). 

in. 

foregoing  appeal  to  the  Londoners,  on  the  part  of  the  Government,  appears  to 
de  a  very  favourable  impression  by  thus  giving  the  worthy  citizens  credit  for  patriotic 
ts,  and,  (what  was  perhaps  of  more  immediate  significance),  inspiring  them  with  the  hope 
ving  their  several  business  prospects  in  the  speculation.  They  were  gratified,  too,  by 
of  becoming  prominently  instrumental  in  bringing  the  wild  Irish  to  order ;  but,  after 
liief  pleasure  in  discussing  the  whole  question  appears  to  have  arisen  from  the  hope  of 
ig  able  to  secure  for  themselves  certain  commercial  advantages.     The  age  of  hypocritical 

then  unmistakeably  set  in,  and  many  people  had  learned  to  conceal  their  predatory 
n  Ireland  and  the  Irish  by  assuming  the  mask  of  patriotism  or  religion.  But,  whilst 
al  sentiment  in  London  was  otie  of  congratulation,  the  particular  citizens  selected  from 
e  several  companies  to  represent  the  whole  body  politic,  grave  and  substantial  as  they 

were,  appear  to  have  failed  rather  signally  in  the  discharge  of  the  duties  at  first  imposed 

This  failure  called  forth  the  second  *  precept'  from  the  lord  mayor,  addressed  to  the 
)f  each  of  the  twelve  companies,  and  dated  July  8,  1609.    "  Whereas,"  says  this  functionary, 


\trim. — Phillips  foolishly  envied  the  Dutchmen 
»s  in  trading  on  these  coasts,  and  hoped  to  see 
upation  gone"  when  the  settlers  would  enter 

with  them.  "The  profit,"  says  he,  "of  mer- 
rought  from  London  to  furnish  not  only  the 
irts  but  also  Dublin  and  Tredath  [Drogheda], 
low  furnished  by  Dutchmen,  who  of  late  are 
3  the  trade,  and  bring  all  kinds  of  commodities, 
vets,  holland,  cambric,  lawn,  all  kinds  of  grocery 
:  decaying  of  all  the  merchants  in  Dublin,  who 

encouraged  to  employ  great  sums  of  money  in 
hich  now,  by  reason  of  the  Dutchmen's  trade 
1  in  short  time  decay,  who  by  reason  of  their 
men's]  small  charge  in  shipping,  are  able  to 

wares  cheaper  than  those  who  bring  it  from 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  commodities 
Deny  and  the  northern  parts  of  Ireland  in  1608, 
her  by  Dutch  traders : — "All  manner  of  wines, 
:rong  waters,  salt,  kersies,  broad  cloth,  starch, 
)acco,  gunpowder,  hops,  fowling-pieces,  paper, 
^es,  needles,  tape,  hard  and  soft  wax,  all  man- 


ner of  felts  for  men  and  children,  glasses,  earthenware,  all 
manner  of  pewter,  pins,  points,  laces,  ribbons,  combs, 
stuffs,  nails  of  all  sorts,  drugs,  holland,  cambric,  lawn, 
thread,  madder,  indigo,  brass  and  iron  pots,  brewing 
vessels,  kettles,  playing  and  working  cards.  The  com- 
modities of  the  country  given  in  exchange — live  cattle, 
beeves,  hides  and  tallow,  between  Michaelmas  and 
Christmas  ;  salmon  and  herring  between  Midsummer  and 
Michaelmas.  These  the  merchants  of  Ireland  do  most 
commonly  give  in  truck,  for  there  are  little  monies 
stirring." 

(20).  By  the  otJier, — The  Easterlings  or  Ostmen  here 
referred  to  were  the  Danes  of  Dublin,  who  were  slaughtered 
in  the  battle  of  Clontarf,  and  afterwards,  in  great  numbers, 
although  not  altogether  exterminated.  The  northmen, 
although  extinguished  as  a  political  power  in  Ireland 
after  this  battle,  remained  in  considerable  numbers  in  the 
towns  on  all  the  coasts,  and  became  the  principal  traders 
here.  These  trading  northmen  invariably  took  side 
with  the  English  on  the  coming  of  the  latter  to  this 
country. 


364 


THE   PLANTATION   IN   ULSTER. 


''  I  lately  directed  my  precept  to  you  concerning  the  honourable  plantations  in  Ireland,  tpgetber 
with  the  copy  of  motives,  and  printed  book,  with  intimation  of  his  Majesty's  gracious  favour  to  thi» 
city,  requiring  you  thereby  privately  to  assemble  together  a  competent  number  of  the  most  gnwe 
and  substantial  men  of  your  company  to  consider  advisedly  of  the  said  project,  and  out  of  them  to 
appoint  four  of  the  most  judgment,  to  join  with  others,  to  consider  further,  as  by  the  said  pitctpt 
may  appear.  Forasmuch  as  at  a  late  meeting  before  me  and  my  brethren,  the  Aldermen  (ai),  it 
appeared  that  the  four  persons  which  you  named  had  neither  so  fully  considered,  either  with  joa 
or  your  assistants,  nor  amongst  themselves,  upon  the  said  motives;  nor  were  so  suffidotij 
warranted  from  you,  or  furnished  with  reasons,  as  is  fit  in  a  matter  of  honourable  and  gitit 
consequence ;  these  are  therefore  to  will  and  require  you  eftsoons  privately  to  call  the  assistants  of 
your  company  together,  and  to  enter  into  a  more  serious  consideration  thereof ;  and  to  require  the 
four  persons  by  you  nominated  to  make  their  appearance  at  the  Guildhall,  upon  Wednesday  next, 
by  eight  of  the  clock  in  the  forenoon,  then  and  there  further  to  consult  with  four  of  eveiy  other 
company ;  and  to  set  down  in  writing  such  reasons  and  demands  as  are  fit  to  be  remembered, 
required,  or  considered  of,  in  the  undertaking  of  so  great  and  honourable  an  action.  And  that  the 
said  four  persons  by  you  named,  and  the  four  of  every  other  company,  bring  the  same  in  writing  to 
the  Guildhall,  upon  Friday  morning,  by  eight  of  the  clock,  there  to  confer  with  me  and  thy 
brethren  upon  the  same,  wherein  you  are  not  to  fail." 

The  companies,  thus  urgently  addressed  through  their  wardens,  did  not  fail  each  to  elect  H^ 
number  required,  whilst  those  thus  chosen  presented  themselves  at  the  appointed  time  and  place.  ^ 
third  precept,  dated  July  14,  gives  the  names  of  the  persons  appointed  at  the  meeting  to  confer  w»*J 
the  lords  of  council.  "  This  day,"  it  is  stated,  "  the  persons  of  all  the  several  companies  of  this 
selected  and  chosen  to  advise  and  consider  of  the  offers,  motives,  and  reasons  sent  from  the 
of  the  King's  Majesty's  most  honourable  Privy  Council,  touching  the  plantations  in  the  north 
Ireland,  being  here  assembled,  delivered  their  answer  in  writing  and  opinion  touching  the  same  to 
Court,  the  effect  whereof  foUoweth  in  these  words  [here  there  is  a  blank  space  in  copy  of  the 
as  entered  in  the  proceedings  of  the  Court  of  Aldermen].  Whereupon  it  was  then  agreed  by 
Lord  Mayor,  Aldermen,  and  such  of  the  said  selected  persons  as  were  there  assembled,  that  ^ 
Thomas  Bennett,  Sir  Thomas  Lowe,  Sir  Henry  Montague,  recorder ;  Sir  William  Romney,  and    — 


(21).  The  Aldermen. — The  Court  of  Common  Council 
and  the  Court  of  Aldermen  somewhat  resembled,  in  their 
several  functions,  the  Houses  of  Commons  and  Lords 
respectively.  Speakinjj  of  the  Court  of  Aldermen,  Coke 
states, — 4th  Institute,  chap.  50, — that  "it  is  a  court  of 
record,  and  consisteth  of  the  Lord  Mayor,  the  Recorder, 
and  twenty-three  Aldermen,  whereof  the  two  Sheriffs, 
)>eing  Aldermen,  are  part.  It  is  ordered  and  established 
that  the  Mayor,  Sheriffs,  and  Aldermen,  which  have  the 
governance  of  the  city,  shall  redress  and  correct  the  errors, 
defaults,  and  misprisions,  which  be  used  in  the  City  of 
London,  for  default  of  ^oo<l  governance  of  the  Mayor, 
Sheriffs,  and  Aldermen.  '  This  is  declaratory  of  their 
then  power  of  governing,  and  for  this  cause  principally, 
amongst  others,  the  Court  of  Aldermen  was  instituted. 


Coke  then  goes  on  to  define  or  describe  the  Coarv 
Common  Council,  as  follows  : — "This  Court  hath 
resemblance  of  the  high  Court  of  Parliameot,  for  it 
sisteth  of  two  houses,  iriz.,  the  one  c^  the  Mayor 
Aldermen,  and  the  other  of  such  as  be  of  the  ooaa 
assembly,  resembling  the  old  commonaltjr  of  LoodoiL  Mx 
this  Court  they  make  constitntioas  and  laws  in 
ment  of  trade  and  traffic,  for  the  better  eaeottioa  «(< 
laws  and  statutes  of  the  realm,  pn  h&m0  /hMu^ 
the  good  government  of  the  City,  io  as  these  oooi 
and  laws  be  not  contrary  to  the  laws  and  statoiei  flfl 
realm,  and  these  being  made  by  the  Mayor,  AUbvi 
and  Commonalty,  do  bind  within  this  City  nd  thift^ 
ties  thereof ;  they  of  the  Common  AMeablj  [C 
Council]  do  give  their  aiMnt  by  ^**^''*'*^  op  IMV 


THE   LONDONERS'    PLANTATION.  365 

)hn  JoUes,  Knights ;  Mr.  Alderman  Cockaihe,  Anthony  Soda,  Grocer ;  Richard  Martin,  Edward 
feeler,  Goldsmiths ;  Richard  Gore,  Michael  Tailor,  Martin  Bond,  Haberdashers ;  Nicholas  Leat, 
tjnmonger ;  Richard  Fox,  Clothworker ;  and  Henry  Pejrton,  Mercer ;  shall  give  meeting  to  such 
■  the  King's  Majesty's  Council  for  the  realm  of  Ireland  [the  commissioners  for  Irish  causes],  as 
■e  appointed  to  consider  of  the  said  honourable  intention  of  plantation,  then  and  there  to  deliver 
dto  them  the  answer  of  the  companies  of  this  city,  touching  the  said  plantation,  and  likewise  to 
*ar  an3rthing  that  shall  be  propounded  by  them  concerning  the  same,  to  the  intent  they  may 
form  the  company,  or  any  other  citizens  thereof,  as  occasion  shall  be  offered ;  and  Ambrose 
liit  is  appointed  to  warn  the  committees  before  named." 

The  abovenamed  citizens,  appointed  to  convey  the  answefs  from  the  companies  to  the 
Sers  of  the  Government,  appear  to  have  failed  in  the  first  instance  to  give  satisfaction,  because 
leir  answers  were  given  *  before  any  conference  had  with  the  King's  council  for  Ireland,* 
:he  commissioners  for  Irish  causes].  Another  *  precept' was  issued  on  the  i8th  July,  to  make 
rrangements  for  rectifying  this  omission  ;  and  the  result  of  a  second  meeting  with  the  Government 
officials  was  all  that  could  be  wished  for  by  the  citizens.  This  gratifying  aifair  is  mentioned  in  a 
fth  'precept'  from  the  mayor,  dated  July  24,  which  stated  that  the  companies  had  received  from 
fie  Government  complete  satisfaction  as  to  *the  honour'  of  the  business  in  hand,  the  advantages 
lat  might  fall  to  the  kingdom  and  the  city  thereby,  and  the  profits  likely  to  be  gathered  up  by 
irticular  adventurers.  This  interview  had  stirred  up  the  spirit  of  adventure  among  the  good 
-izens  suddenly,  and  to  a  very  commendable  extent,  at  least  in  the  opinion  of  Salisbury  and  his 
low-councillors.  Facilities  were  also  held  out  to  the  citizens  to  convince  themselves  of  the  truth 
the  representations  that  had  been  made  respecting  the  great  profits  and  advantages  which  might 
expected  to  result,  and  for  this  purpose  the  Government  urged  the  propriety  of  their  sending 
table  men  to  view  or  inspect  O'Cahan's  country,  and  report  on  it  at  once  to  the  city.  Should  this 
-  not  prove  satisfactory,  the  city  was  then  at  liberty  to  drop  the  whole,  anything  then  done 
^thstanding.  Under  these  circumstances,  the  court  of  Aldermen  ordered  another  precept  to 
sent  to  the  twelve  several  companies,  requiring  them  to  meet  for  the  purpose  of  ascertaining 
-ther,  and  how  much,  the  members  were  severally  willing  to  adventure,  so  that  the  committees 
SHt  be  able  to  satisfy  the  council  of  Ireland  as  to  this  point,  at  a  conference  to  be  held  on  the 
<iay  next,  the  28th  of  July. 

This  course,  however,  does  not  appear  to  have  been  followed,  as  an  order  of  the  Court  of 
>tiinion  Council,  dated  August  i,  takes  no  notice  whatever  of  any  individual  members  willing 
adventure,  but  states  that  the  Privy  Council  had  signified  the  King's  pleasure  to  divers 
^^nnen  concerning  the  intended  plantation,  and  that  divers  aldermen  and  commoners  elected  by 
^t  court  had  had  conference  with  the  council  for  Ireland  about  the  same.  The  order  above 
mentioned  states  further,  as  follows  : — "  It  is  this  day,  therefore,  upon  the  motion  and  command- 
^^t  of  the  Iprds  of  his  Majesty's  Privy  Council  signified  to  divers  aldermen  and  commoners  of 
^is  city  upon  Sunday  last  [the  30th  July]  at  the  council-table,  concluded  and  agreed,  that  four 
^,  grave,  and  discreet  citizens  of  this  city  should  be  presently  sent  to  view  the  place;  and  it  was 


366  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

thereupon  ordered,  that  four  persons  named  should  forthwith,  at  the  city's  chaigeSi  undertake  the 
voyage  into  Ireland,  and  survey  and  view  the  place  and  grounds  intended  for  the  new  plantatioQ 
there,  and  make  report  to  the  city,  at  their  return  from  thence^  of  their  opinions,  and  doings 
touching  the  same." 

By  one  influence  or  other,  it  so  happened  that  the  Londoners  became  thoroughly  enlisted  in 
the  work — a  fact  sufficiently  proved  by  their  promptitude  in  telling  off  four  of  their  most  trusted 
citizens  *  to  undertake  the  voyage  into  Ireland,*  (then  a  very  serious  matter  for  'grave  and  sob- 
stantial*  Cockneys),  and  in  paying  them  300/.  (then  a  very  liberal  sum),  as  travelling  expenses.  The 
Government  appears  to  have  been  well  pleased,  and  the  council  wrote  to  Chichester  on  the  3rd  of 
August,  by  the  agents  or  viewers  as  follows  : — "  The  City  of  London  being  willing  to  undertike 
such  a  part  as  might  befit  them  in  the  project  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster,  and  to  be  a  meaas  to 
reduce  that  savage  and  rebellious  people  to  civility,  peace,  religion,  and  obedience ;  and  havii^ 
commissioned  the  bearers,  John  Erode  [or  Broad],  goldsmith,  John  Monroes,  Robert  TresweB, 
painter,  and  John  Rowley,  draper,  to  view  of  the  county,  and  make  report  on  the  retun,  he 
[Chichester]  is  to  direct  a  supply  of  all  necessaries  in  their  travel  in  those  countries,  and  to  aid 
them  in  every  way.     And  they  [the  council  in  London]  have  directed  Sir  Thomas  Philips  to 
accompany  them,  whose  knowledge  and  residence  in  those  parts,  and  good  affection  to  the  cause 
in  general,  they  assure  themselves  will  be  of  great  use  at  this  time,  seeing  there  is  no  man  thai 
intendeth  any  plantation  or  habitation  in  Ulster  who  ought  not  to  be  most  desirious  of  nd* 
neighbours  as  will  bring  trade  and  traffic  into  the  ports.     Whitehall,  3  August,  1609." 

The  closing  sentence  of  this  communication  was  a  gentle  hint  to  certain  servitors  (indodioS 
Chichester  himself),  who  believed  they  could  secure  very  comfortable  *  habitation  in  Ulster' 
if  the  Londoners  were  never  to  show  their  faces,  and  who  did  not,  by  any  means,  relish 
idea  of   surrendering   their   fishings   and   abbeylands    (although   even   for   compensation),  tl»^ 
these  valuable  possessions  might  be  included  in  grants  to  'neighbours'  however  desirable,  aspxc^ 
in  other  respects.     The  agents  sent  by  the  Londoners  on  this  occasion  must  have  had,  no  doul'** 
some  special  qualifications  for  such  a  mission  irrespective  of  their  occupations ;  otherwise,  we  c:^^ 
hardly  imagine  what  errand  a  goldsmith,  or  draper,   or  painter,  as  such,  could   undertake    *^ 
accomplish   by  a   flying  visit   into   O'Cahan's  country.      At  all  events,   the    Government  "^^ 
determined  to  have  them  tenderly  looked   after  whilst  here,  preserved   from  all  evil  or  Iris'' 
influences,  and,  in  fact,  so  judiciously  manipulated  that,  on  their  return,  the  compact  might  b* 
easily  achieved.     The  council  in  London  were  not  satisfied  with  merely  making  known  their  wishes 
by  the   letter  entrusted   to   these   bearers ;  they  wrote  another  and  a  more   urgent  epistle  W 
Chichester,  on  the  same  day,  and  through  the  usual  channel  of  communication.     ''Referring to 
their  foregoing  letter,"  they  say,  "  recommending  certain  citizens  appointed  by  the  city  of  London 
to  view  the  Derry  and  Colrane,  and  the  countr>'  between  them,  they  anxiously  entreat  him  to  sckci 
discreet   persons,   to   conduct   and   accompany   them,  who  shall  be  able  to   control  whatcra 
discouraging  reports  may  be  made  to  them  out  of  ignorance  or  malice.     The  conductors  nntt 
take  care  to  lead  them  by  the  best  ways,  and  to  lodge  them  in  their  travel  where  they  may,  if 


THE   LONDONERS*    PLANLATION.  367 

possible,  receive  English  entertainment  in  Englishmen's  houses.  '  And  though  they  [the  council 
Q  London]  have  the  opportunity  to  lay  the  first  hand  on  this  offer  [from  the  London  corporation] 
nd  to  make  the  project  to  the  city ;  yet  that  it  may  be  well  followed  up  they  send  the  same  in 
hat  letter  enclosed  ;  and  must  leave  it  to  him  to  perfect.  The  persons  sent  with  these  citizens  to 
onduct  them  must  be  prepared  beforehand  to  strengthen  every  part  thereof  by  demonstration,  so 
5  they  may  conceive  the  commodities  to  be  of  good  use  and  profit ;  on  the  other  hand,  that 
oatters  of  distaste,  as  fear  of  the  Irish,  of  the  soldiers,  of  cess,  and  such  like,  be  not  so  much  as 
lamed,  seeing  that  he  [Chichester]  knows  that  discipline  and  order  will  easily  secure  them.  If 
here  be  anything  in  the  project,  whether  it  be  the  fishing,  the  Admiralty,  or  any  other  particular 
rhich  may  serve  for  a  motive  to  induce  them,  although  his  lordship  [Chichester]  or  any  other 
lave  interest  therein,  yet  he  should  make  no  doubt  but  his  Majesty  will  have  such  consideration 
thereof  that  no  man  shall  be  a  loser  in  that  which  he  shall  part  with  for  the  furtherance  of  this 
service.  As  for  his  lordship  [Chichester],  he  cannot,  besides  his  general  duty,  but  be  glad  in  his 
own  particular  to  have  such  good  neighbours  to  his  plantation." 

It  is  curious  to  read  this  letter  in  the  light  of  succeeding  events.  The  English  visitors,  who 
vere  thus  only  to  be  lodged  in  *  Englishmen's  houses,'  must  have  got  an  occasional  peep  during 
heir  peregrinations  at  Irishmen's  houses,  too ;  for,  only  a  few  months  later,  we  find  this  same 
ouncil  suggesting  to  Chichester  that  the  *  Irish  houses '  from  which  the  owners  were  to  be  turned 
drift  should  be  preserved  for  the  use  of  the  English  settlers  throughout  this  very  county  of 
ondonderry !  Now,  this  suggestion  must  have  evidently  originated  with  the  Londoners  themselves, 
bose  agents,  although  not  p>ermitted  to  lodge  in  these  houses,  had  learned  to  covet  them,  as  well 
all  things  else  belonging  to  the  Irish.  Then,  these  worthy  citizens  were  not,  on  any  account,  to 
Jar  stories  tending  to  inspire  them  with  *  fear  of  the  Irish ; '  but,  it  so  happened,  that  the  settlers, 
on  afterwards  sent  by  the  London  companies,  found  these  Irish  to  be  their  best  friends,  and 
t^er  than  part  with  their  services,  were  willing  to  incur  the  displeasure,  and  even  the  threatened 
>stility  of  the  Government !  On  the  day  following  the  date  of  the  above  instructions,  or  on 
e  4th  of  August,  the  council  wrote  a  third  letter  to  Chichester  on  this  very  interesting  theme, 
forming  him  that  they  had  "  chosen  Sir  Thomas  Phillips,  from  his  experience  of  the  country, 
^ere  he  had  served  and  resides,  to  accompany  the  city  agents  to  Ireland,  and  to  convey  them 
^fely,  and  give  them  comfort  when  they  are  there,  so  as  to  give  them  heart  at  their  return  to  animate 
•^G  city  to  go  on  mih  the  enterprise  that  they  [the  council]  so  much  affect.  They  find  that  he  has 
by  his  conference  with  some  of  the  citizens,  and  by  the  light  he  has  given  them,  given  them  good 
encouragement.  They  intend  he  shall  return  back  with  them,  and  in  due  time  the  King  will  reward 
them  [him].     Meantime,  he  [Chichester]  is  to  give  them  every  countenance." 

Philips  was  well  pleased  to  be  set  free  from  his  three  months'  attendance  on  the  council  in 
London,  and  to  enjoy  again  the  attractions  of  the  Ulster  shore.  -  On  regaining  his  freedom,  he 
appears  to  have  been  in  no  particular  haste  to  resume  communications  with  his  English  patrons, 
the  latter  having  had  tidings  of  the  *  citizens' '  movements  in  O'Cahan's  country  much  sooner 
(torn  others  than  from  him.     The  first  intimation  of  their  arrival,  preserved  among  the  State  Papers, 


368  THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

is  found  in  a  letter  from  Davys  to  Salisbury,  dated  "  The  camp  near  Limevaddy,  28  August,  i( 
The  writer  winds  up  as  follows  : — "  The  Londoners  are  now  come  and  are  exceeding  welcoi^ 
They  [the  commissioners  of  survey]  all  use  their  best  rhetoric  to  persuade  them  to  go  on  with  thck 
plantation,  which  will  assure  this  whole  island  to  the  Crown  of  England  forever.     They  [the  agemij 
like  and  praise  the  country  very  much,  specially  the  Banne  and  the  river  of  Loghfoyle.    One  of  the 
agents  is  fallen  sick,  and  would  fain  return ;  but  the  lord  deputy  and  all  the  rest  here  use  meant 
to  comfort  him,  and  to   retain  him,  lest  this  accident  [incident]  should  discourage  his  feDov- 
citizens."     The  arrival  of  these  Ixjndoners  was  certainly  not  the  less  welcome  to  Davjrs  and  other 
servitors,  who  had  no  surrenders  to  make  (should  the  Londoners  decide  to  plant)  of  rich  salnoQ' 
fishings,  or  quiet  fertile  straths,  in  the  shape  of  abbeylands.     But  to  Chichester,  and  otben  so 
circumstanced,  although  they  had  to  assume  at  least  serenity  of  front,  the  advent  of  John  Brode 
and  his  friends  was  a  somewhat  serious  business.     Would  they  get  adequate  reprises  for  valuabk 
properties,  to  win  which  some,  like  Phillips,  had  ventured  their  *  heads' ;  and  if  so,  where  ?   Tbe« 
two  problems  were  puzzling ;  but  there  was  at  least  reasonable  hope  for  such  as  would  fieelj 
consent  to  part  with  possessions  only  recently  acquired,  *  in  furtherance  of  this  service.'     Indeed, 
for  a  time  it  was  feared  that  the  whole  affair  would  have  been  upset  by  one  of  the  *  citizens'  fallii^ 
sick,  and  wishing  to  return  home ;  but  *  the  Lord  Deputy  and  the  rest '  were  determined  thit 
return  home  he  must  not,  lest  the  others  should  return  with  him,  thereby  risking  the  great  end  fl^ 
*  assuring  this  whole  island  to  the  Crown  of  England  forever.*     But  what  with  the  'best  rhetoric' 
of  Davys,  and  the  deputy's  *use  of  all  means  to  comfort  and  retain,'  the  sick  man  ichu  retained; 
and  was  soon  again  *  led  by  the  best  ways'  rejoicing,  on  his  mission  of  'civility,  peace,  religioOf 
and  obedience,'  among  *  that  savage  and  rebellious  people.' 

We  have  a  more  ample  reference  to  their  movements,  however,in  a  letter  of  Chichester  to 
Salisbury,  written  from  "  The  Camp  in  Fermanagh,  near  Enishkeelyn,  18  September,  1609."   Hi» 
account  of  the  four  London  traders  is  neither  so  graphic  nor  facetious  as  that  of  Davys,  but  it  is  veif 
much  more  interesting.     "  Sir  Thomas  Phillips,"  says  Chichester,  "  with  the  four  agents  of  LondoBr 
came  unto  him  likewise  in  the  county  of  Coleraine.     They  landed  at  Knockfergus,  and  in  their  «*y 
from  thence  [to  Limavaddy]  they  beheld  Coleraine  and  the  river  of  Banne  beneath  the  Leapt  9 
they  have  now  seen  the  Deny,  the  river  of  Loughfoyle,  the  Lyffer,  and  sundry  parts  adfoining;  *** 
they  like  so  well  of  the  scites,  the  lands  adjoining  the  rivers,  and  the  commodities  they  think  \f^ 
raise  by  their  purse  and  good  husbandry,  that  they  assure  him  the  city  of  London  will  resD^ 
undertake  the  plantation  upon  the  report  they  are  to  make,  and  that  .with  expeditioa    If  they 
should  not,  as  he  has  often  told  them,  they  will  be  enemies  to  themselves ;  for  the  fishings,  hnd** 
and  woods,  with  toleration  of  custom  and  other  privileges,  which  his   Majesty  has  gradoosiy 
proffered  to  them,  are  worth  not  less  than  2,000/.  a  year  as  they  now  are,  and  their  puise  ^ 
industry  will,  \vithin  two  or  three  years,  improve  them  to  double  that  value.     They  came  ■  • 
convenient  time,  when  the  people  in  each  county  made  their  appearance,  declaring  their  obedK*' 
and  submission  to  the  law  in  a  far  better  fashion  than  within  these  three  jrears  he  ever  expected  10 
have  seen  within  this  province,  and  if  his  good  usage,  and  that  of  the  council  with  him,  ooaU^ 


THE  LONDONERS  PLANTATION. 


569 


IT  encouragements  they  have  found,  it  has  not  been  and  shall  not  to  be  wanting. 
;m  to  send  an  assay  of  the  commodities  which  the  country  at  this  time  afforded,  to  the 
of  which  they  took  good  liking ;  and  so  he  procured  them  raw  hides,  tallow,  salmon, 
Is,  pipe  staves,  beef,  and  the  like,  at  easy  prices.  Also  procured  them  some  of  the  iron 
1  add  specimens  of  the  lead  and  copper.  They  are  now  gone  to  take  a  more  exact  view 
•  of  Banne  above  the  Leape  (22),  and  of  the  woods  of  Glankonkeyne  and  Kylletra, 
3  meet  him  [Chichester]  about  14  days  hence,  upon  his  return  towards  Dublin.  Sir 
lillips,  to  his  charge  and  trouble,  daily  accompanies  them  from  one  place  to  another, 
p-eat  comfort  to  them.  He  will  return  [to  London]  with  them ;  and,  in  the  meantime, 
ill  be  wanting  to  continue  them  in  the  resolution  they  have  taken;  for,  albeit  he 
I  perceives  they  aim  at  some  things  that  yield  no  good  profit,  yet  he  will  not  hinder  so 
:  (the  best  that  ever  was  undertaken  in  his  time  for  the  general  good  of  the  kingdom), 
private  [ends],  as  he  doubts  not  they  will  declare  into  his  lordship." 

IV. 

he  work  of  preparing  for  the  general  plantation  was  going  on  prosperously  when  these 

nts  were  brought  over  to  Ulster — a  fact  peculiarly  gratifying  to  the  deputy,  and  which 

fail  to  mention  when  writing  to  Salisbury.     Had  they  arrived  in  Coleraine  at  the  same 

the  preceding  autumn,  they  would  have  witnessed  some  startling  scenes,  of  which, 

i  most  exciting  was  the  execution  of  a  priest     On  their  arrival  at  the  camp  near 

however,  in  the    month   of  August,   16 10,  the    Londoners  saw    native   gentlemen, 

quietly  gathering  round  the  commissioners,  to  be  formed  into  juries  of  assize,  and  juries 

the  survey,  and  to  ascertain  what  lands  belonged  respectively  to  the  King  and  the 

here  was  a  story  afloat  to  be  sure — and  told  rather  facetiously  by  Davys  in  his  letter 


\^a/^e. — **The  river  [Bann]  at  the  Salmon 
;n  three  and  four  hundred  feet  wide ;  and 
ich  is  about  450  in  length,  extended  in 
;ly  across  the  river,  and  rendered  it  so 
pid  as  to  preclude  all  possibility  of  passage 
led  in  that  state,  wherefore  the  [Irish]  Society, 
le  passing  of  the  patent  in  161 3,  as  tradition 
ade  a  cut  through  the  rock  almost  close  to 
le  west  or  Derry  side  of  the  river,  for  the 
iveying  the  timber  down  the  river  [from 
1  to  build  their  town  of  Coleraine  ;  but  it  is 
I  passage  was  converted  into  a  trap  for  the 
I,  very  many  years  ago,  and  has  been 
)loyed  in  that  way,  if  not  before,  at  least 

1620;  and  it  is  material  to  observe,  as 
luch  on  the  case  in  controversy  between  the 

The  Society,  from  time  to  time,  were  in 
iking  leases  of  their  fishery  ;  and  amongst 
as  made  to  a  gentleman  of  the  name  of 

first  thought  of  the  practicability  of  erect- 

the  rock,  instead  of  incurring  the  excessive 

ting  the  rock  in  the  manner  hereinbefore 

respect  to  the  old  cut,  as  it  is  called  ;  and 

:ond  trap  to  be  erected  in  this  way  on  the 


surface,  in  the  year  1744  ;  and  finding  it  useful,  he  erected 
another  in  the  year  1745.  In  the  year  1746  a  third  was 
added  ;  and,  in  the  year  1 748,  a  fourth.  And  the  last  in 
1759  or  1760,  by  the  late  Sir  Henry  Hamilton,  then 
tenant  to  the  Society.  All  these  works  were  composed  of 
materials  similar  to  those  of  which  the  cut  made  in  or 
before  the  year  1620  was  constructed,  and  bear  complete 
resemblance  to  it  in  form  and  mechanism. "  (See  Concise  View 
of  Origin^  <Sr*f.,  of  the  Irish  Society t  Appendix,  clxxviii. 
and  clxxix).  After  those  traps  or  cuts  in  the  rock  were 
made,  the  place  was  generally  named  the  Cutts.  "If  the 
Cutts  were  abated,  it  is  known  the  fish  would  all  go  up  to 
Lough  Neagh  ;  to  prevent  which  the  Cutts  are  erected  at 
spaces  of  27  feet,  15  feet,  and  leaving  40  open  ;  it  is  only 
when  there  is  a  strong  fresh  in  the  river  that  the  fish  can 
leap  up  the  rocks.  It  seems,  that  between  the  proprietors 
of  these  two  fisheries  [of  salmon  and  eels]  there  is  a 
common  interest;  for,  if  the  salmon  fishers  acted  perversely, 
they  might  destroy  the  young  eels  in  their  passage  through 
the  Cutts.  The  eel  fishers  could  also  greatly  cUmage  the 
salmon  fry,  when  these  are  making  their  way  towards  the 
sea. "  Sampson's  Memoir  of  the  Chart  of  Londonderry^ 
pp.  240,  241. 


370 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


from  Limavaddy  to  Salisbury  (see  pp.  169, 1 70),  of  the  decapitation  of  a  luckless  surveyor  by  the  people 
of  Donegal,  because  they  did  not  wish  to  have  their  'country  discovered';  but  no  such  foolish 
stories  were  permitted  to  be  told  in  the  presence  of  the  Londoners,  who  indeed,  were  to  be 
scrupulously  guarded  against  them.  As  they  accompanied  the  deputy  and  his  party,  however,  to 
the  Derry,  these  peaceable  citizens  probably  witnessed  the  violent  row  that  took  place  Aere 
between  their  guide,  Sir  Thomas  Phillips,  and  Bishop  Montgomery,  about  a  small  scrap  of  land  in 
that  vicinity  (see  pp.  171,  172).  If  so,  Sir  Thomas  no  doubt  explained  the  affair  to  them  ondieii 
travels  afterwards,  in  such  a  manner  as  at  least  to  justify  himself.  The  latter  did  not  write  to 
Salisbury  until  he  had  completed  his  peregrinations  and  returned  to  Coleraine,  preparatory  to  the 
starting  again  of  the  four  citizens  for  I^ondon,  As  Sir  Thomas  intended  to  accompany  them,  his 
letter  contained  few  details,  which,  however,  are  of  so  interesting  a  nature  as  not  to  be  overlooked. 
Coming  from  England,  the  citizens  and  himself  reached  Carrickfergus  (which  he  writes  Knock- 
verges),  on  the  22nd  of  August.  "  From  thence,  Coulrayn,"  says  he,  "  where  they  stayed  two  dajs; 
from  thence  to  Lemavadie,  some  twelve  miles  off,  where  they  met  the  lord  deputy,  and  continued 
in  his  company  till  he  came  to  the  Lyffar,  where  they  remained  four  days ;  and  afterwards  he 
brought  them  to  the  Derry,  and  so  to  Coleraine,  in  which  travel  he  brought  them  several  wajfs,  to 
the  end  they  might  have  a  full  view  of  the  country.  From  thence  through  part  of  Tyrone  and  so 
to  Toome,  within  which  circuit  he  showed  them  good  land,  ver}'  fair  woods,  and  rivers.  At  Toomc 
caused  some  of  the  ore  to  be  sent  for,  of  which  he  caused  a  smith  to  make  iron  before  their  bees, 
and  of  the  iron  he  made  steel  within  less  than  one  hour.  Mr.  Broad,  one  of  the  agents  for  the  dly, 
who  has  skill  in  such  things,  says,  that  this  poor  smith  has  better  satisfied  him  than  Janniynes 
[Germans],  and  others  that  presume  much  of  their  skill.  Has  sent  a  sample  of  each  to  his 
lordship.  The  ore  is  rich,  for  they  judge  by  what  they  see  wrought,  that  very  near  the  sixth  put 
will  be  iron.  From  Toome  brought  them  by  boat  along  the  river  of  the  Bann,  where  he  shotrf 
them  a  goodly  river,  fair  woods,  and  good  land;  as  likewise  the  eel  fishing  (23),  which  theysif 
experience  of;  so  that  in  all  things  he  finds  them  exceeding  well  satisfied,  and  can  say  no  lessbtf 
everything  is  answerable  to  what  it  pleased  his  lordship  he  should  acquaint  the  citizens  with ;  and 


(23).  Eel  fishing. — The  river  Bann  is  celebrated  for 
the  quantity  and  suix^rior  quality  of  its  eels,  as  well  as  for 
its  salmon.  '*The  eels  spawn  in  the  sea  ;  and  the  fry, 
when  not  more  than  from  an  eighth  to  one-fourth  of  an 
inch  long,  nor  thicker  than  the  hair  of  a  horse's  mane, 
make  their  way  into  the  fresh  waters  in  the  summer 
months,  and  return  to  the  sea  full  grown  the  following 
year,  from  whence  it  is  conceived,  they  never  come  back. 
Eel  fisheries,  as  a  general  rule,  are  more  valuable  than 
^mon  fisheries.  Between  Lough  Neagh  and  the  Cutts, 
near  Coleraine,  there  arc  generally  about  28  weirs  along 
the  river  for  catching  eels.  In  one  of  these  eel-traps 
called  weirs,  the  enormous  quantity  of  80,000  eels  has 
been  caught  in  a  single  night,  worth  £^  per  thousand. 
(Sec  Concise  View  of  the  Origin^  <Sr»f.,  of  the  Irish 
Society t  Appendix,  p.  clxxxviii).  "When  the  young  eels 
come  up  the  rivers  from  the  sea,  they  are  no  larger  than 
the  finest  packthread,  but  their  numbers  are  incredible. 
During  four  months  (from  May  till  September)  in  which 


the  eels  fatten  in  the  Hirers  and  in  Lough  Neigh,  ^ 
grow  to  the  size  of  a  human  arm,  sometimes  etcii  t«  ^ 
of  a  1^.  In  September  they  commence  th^  itW 
toward  the  sea,  tfnd  then  is  the  season  for  fishiag.  TM^ 
is  performed  by  intercepting  the  eels  by  means  of  pik^ 
and  watling,  constructed  so  as  to  convose,  in  folkwiC 
the  direction  of  the  current.  Before  these  oonvofiiC 
pales  approach  altogether,  a  lon^  net  is  attached  tf  tkr 
narrower  and  lower  opening,  and  m  the  stron^ot  ptft* 
the  stream  ;  the  eels  making  their  way  into  this  ac^  " 
entangled  in  the  meshes,  whence  tnej  are  not  atik  I* 
retreat.  The  eel  fisheiy  may  yield  to  the  MsnfV*' 
Donegal,  [on  part  of  the  BaniO»  as  I  have  been  iafci 
about  ;f400  per  annum  [1814).  The  qnaatilies 
must  be  very  great.  They  are  sold  fresh  in  the : 
around  ;  andare  salted  for  winter  use,  in  place  ofhc 
^m'gson*%  Memoir  expUmtU09y^tk€  Cimf  tfAi 
of  Lomhndtrry,  pp.  242,  243. 


THE   LONDONERS     PLANTATION. 


37» 


better  satis^ction  they  have  detained  the  ship  they  came  over  in,  in  which  they  will  s«id 
the  country  commodities,  as  salmon,  eels,  yarn,  hides,  tallow,  iron  ore,  and  pipe  staves, 
all  his  care  and  endeavour  is  to  further  this  worthy  enterprise  undertaken  by  his  lordship, 
he  will  not  let  to  hazard  his  life,  and  all  he  has  in  the  world,  to  perform  the  faith  and 
^er  vowed  to  his  lordship.  Has  resolved,  with  the  consent  of  the  agents,  on  the  felling  of 
ees,  to  be  seasoned  against  the  spring.     Coulrayn,  24  September,  1609." 

•  days  subsequently  to  the  date  of  this  epistle,  one  of  the  'agents,'  Treswell,  also  wrote  to 
from  Coleraine,  expressing  himself  so  much  pleased  with  what  they  had  seen  of  the 
hat  they  did  not  intend  to  *  survey  any  other  part.*  They  had  evidently  seen  the  bright 
he  picture,  and  were  so  delighted  with  the  trophies  of  eels  and  iron  ore  (24),  hides,  and 
which  they  bore  back  to  London,  that   they  had   no  inclination  to  be  critical  on  any 

It  may  be  supposed  that  they  had  not  been  taken  along  the  direct  road  from  Coleraine 
caddie  over  the  heathery  hills,  nor  permitted  to  catch  glimpses  of  certain  bleak  districts 
ing  Slievegallon.  On  the  contrary,  they  were  no  doubt  Med'  along  the  noble  valleys  of. the 
i  Fahan ;  permitted  to  linger  amid  the  rural  charms  everjnvhere  presenting  themselves  on 
s  of  the  Roe ;  and  to  follow  leisurely  the  windings  of  the  Mayola  among  the  vast  woods, 
shores  of  Loughneagh,  whose  surface  these  London  citizens  would  gaze  at  as  a  great 
a.  At  all  events,  they  were  wide  awake  to  everything  presented  to  their  view,  and  had 
[  'marked  as  their  own'  certain  tempting  sources  of  wealth  which  Chichester,  and  some 
ators,  had  hoped  their  visitors  might  overlook,  or,  perhaps,  would  not  exactly  know  how 
iate.  But  the  servitors  were  mistaken  ;  for,  although  the  citizens  had  kept  their  thoughts 
lives  whilst  on  the  Irish  shore,  they  told  them  very  emphatically  to  their  associates  in 
who  afterwards  demanded,  among  other  possessions  in  O'Cahan's  country,  the  very  tit-bits 
i^itors  so  dearly  wished  to  retain.  This  disturbing  truth  was  soon  noised  abroad,  and  it 
ined  therefore,  for  Chichester  and  Phillips  to  yield  with  a  good  grace,  but  standing  stoutly 
and  endeavouring  quietly  to  drive  as  good  bargains  with  the  King  and  his  council  as 

On  the  13th  of  October,  we  find  Chichester  referring  to  the  matter  in  a  very  statesman- 

and  style,  when  writing  to  Salisbury,  as  follows  : — "  The  agents  of  London  have  seen  and 

whatsoever  may  make  for  pleasure,  profit,  and  advantage  within  the  limits  assigned  unto 

1  return  (if  they  mean  as  they  speak)  full  freighted  with  desire  and  reasons  to  draw  on  a 


H  ore. — Sec  p.  362.  The  districts  adjoining 
ough  which  Phillips  and  his  party  journeyed  on 
1  referred  to,  literally  teemed  with  iron  ore. 
forms  us  that  "it  is  [1814]  in  great  abundance 
this  county  [Londonderry],  either  in  an 
ite,  or  mixed  with  manganese.  It  is  nearly  in 
ate  in  the  lands  belonging  to  the  Cloth  workers, 
acket,  w^here  it  caused  the  needle  to  dip  in  a 
ch  at  first  surprised  me,  till  I  recollected  the 
n  is  found  nearly  in  a  a  metallic  state,  also,  in 
r  basalt  quarries.  I  have  seen  it  in  the  softer 
)yed  for  making  roads,  in  voluerated  [involuted  ?] 
ftrapp,  the  interior  nucleus  being  almost  pure 


metaL  In  a  mixed  state  with  manganese,  called  bog-ore 
or  woad,  it  is  abundant  in  the  mountains  near  Glenrandall, 
and  about  Listress;  and  in  the  neighbourhood  of  our 
mountain  streams,  which  issue  from  bogs,  mounds  of 
iron  may  be  observed,  in  the  character  of  yellow  ochre. 
To  the  abundance  of  this  metal,  in  the  peat  moss,  is 
owing  the  red  colour  and  weight  of  the  ashes.  Iron  was 
formerly  smelted  in  this  county,  at  a  place  to  this  day 
called  Tht  Forge,  near  Castle- Dawson.  The  mine  was 
in  Sliabhgallan,  and  the  person  who  conducted  the  works 
at  that  time  was  agent  to  the  Drapers'  Company." 
Sampson's  Memoir  of  a  Chart  0/ Londonderry,  p.  97. 


372  THE   PLANTATION   IN   ULSTER. 

speedy  plantation.  Is  sure  they  have  found  all  things  here  fkr  better  than  they  expected— Sir 
Thomas  Phillips  has  been  a  host,  a  guide,  and  a  watchman  for  them  in  all  their  travels,  which  has 
been  as  well  a  charge  as  a  trouble  to  him ;  and  which,  added  to  his  former  services,  desen-es  such 
recompense  as  their  lordships  are  accustomed  to  procure  for  those  that  bring  so  good  testimonies 
with  them.  If  the  Londoners  go  through  with  the  two  cities,  they  must  needs  have  the  lands  m 
which  he  [Phillips]  is  interested  in  and  near  the  Derry,  and  other  things  about  Coleraine,  which  arc 
now  beneficial  to  him ;  and  what  to  demand  in  lieu  thereof,  without  diving  into  his  Majesty's 
coffers,  which  he  [Chichester]  has  advised  Sir  Thomas  to  forbear,  he  knows  not ;  inasmuch  as  these 
agents  aim  at  all  the  places  of  profit  and  pleasure  which  lie  upon  the  rivers  of  the  Bonn  and 
Loughfoyle  [there  was  the  rub] ;  but  he  [Chichester]  prays  God  they  prove  not  like  their  London 
women,  who  sometimes  long  to-day  and  loathe  to-morrow.  When  they  went  last  from  him,  they 
presented  certain  demands  to  which  he  gave  them  present  answer,  the  copy  of  which  he  has 
delivered  to  Sir  Thomas  Phillips  ;  and  if  they  had  anything  else  to  propound,  he  willed  them  to  do  it, 
but  they  answered  nothing  here.  Whereby  he  thinks  they  depart  fully  satisfied ;  and  seeing  they  now 
so  well  affect  the  matter,  he  hopes  his  lordship  will  take  hold  of  it,  and  make  a  speedy  conclusion 
with  them ;  for  the  least  trouble  or  storm  that  shall  blow  will  alter  them,  as  it  has  done  others,  of 
whom  he  has  had  experience  here.  They  affect  something  of  his  besides  Culmore,  and  the  fishing 
there,  which  they  shall  have,  as  his  lordship  [Salisbury]  shall  think  fit** 

Chichester  and  Phillips  were  an  innocent  pair  of  patriots,  who,  according  to  their  own 
accounts,  were  unable  to  take  care  of  themselves,  or  to  assist  one  another !  *  They  were  ready  to 
surrender  their  possessions  at  the  command  of  the  King,  and  for  the  sake  of  their  country,  bat 
knew  not  what  might  be  their  reward  for  such  self-sacrifice  !  Phillips,  when  writing  to  Salisboiy 
on  the  1 2th  of  July,  1609,  "reminds  his  lordship  that  in  this  his  forwardness  to  further  this  worthy 
work  he  goes  against  his  own  profit  in  divers  ways.  But  his  zeal  for  his  Majesty's  service,  ind  his 
bounden  duty  to  his  lordship  in  particular,  in  whom  rests  his  fortunes,  is  the  cause.  Represents 
the  great  losses  he  must  sustain  by  this  plantation,  in  which,  at  his  great  charge  and  infinite  toil 
and  danger,  he  has  made  the  bogs  and  woods  passable  to  transport  timber,  of  which  he  has  a  lease 
for  six  years  to  come,  of  some  seven  miles.  Suggests  further  the  great  charge  he  has  been  at  to 
bring  that  plantation  to  that  pass  of  himself,  where  he  has  a  fair  market  [at  Coleraine],  and  when 
there  is  a  good  congregation  every  day  at  church  to  hear  divine  service,  to  the  discomfort  of  4e 
ill-disposed  people.  After  these  great  charges  and  losses  he  was  now  in  hope  to  reap  some  profit 
His  being  here  [in  London]  eleven  weeks,  and  his  losses  at  home,  have  hindered  him  very  modi ; 
so  that  through  the  many  crosses  it  has  ])leased  God  to  send  him,  his  estate  is  not  much  better 
than  when  his  lordship  caused  him  to  come  out  of  France." 

In  the  letter  from  which  the  foregoing  is  an  extract,  was  enclosed  a  ''Brief  of  such  things  as 
Sir  Thomas  Phillips,  knight,  is  to  convey  unto  his  Majesty,  for  the  advancement  of  this  intended 
plantation  in  Ireland."  In  this  *  brief  the  patriotic  knight  enumerates  the  particulars  of  die 
property  proposed  to  be  surrendered  to  the  Crown,  of  the  expenditure  already  incurred  by  die 
proprietor,  and  of  the  pecuniary  loss  which  he  will  suffer  by  the  transfer,  the  toCil  of  wUA  s 


J 


THE    LONDONERS     PLANTATION. 


373 


f,     "  Notwithstanding  all  things  thus  undervalued,  it  is  alleged  by  some  (not  being  thoroughly 

inted  with  the  dangerous  hazards  he  had  in  getting  and  holdingjthe  place),  that  it  cost  him  a 

matter ;  to  whom  it  may  be  well  answered,  the  price  of  a  head,  which  he  often  ventured  for 

lot  to  be  undervalued  ;  besides,  it  is  well  known  that  his  plantation  there,  and  making  good 

lace,  and  others  in  those  parts,  was  a  great  means  of  relief  to  such  of  his  Majesty's  subjects 

i  at  the  overthrow  of  the  Derry,  and  gave  a  scope  to  O'Dogherty  and  others  that  they  (thanks 

God)  did  his  Majesty  no  further  damage  ;  to  this  may  be  remembered  that  he  was  a  good 

5  to  civilize  that  part,  that  it  gave  no  small  encouragement  to  the  Londoners  to  proceed  and 

Q  things  of  good  value  in  this  their  plantation.     In  bringing  of  this  from  a  vast  wilderness, 

jnt  much  money  and  long  time,  and  yet  for  all  this  his  hazard,  care,  and  industry  hath  not 

his  estate  much  better  (his  debts  being  paid)  than  it  was  in  France,  where  he  first  tasted  the 

y  of  his  honourable  good  lordship  [Salisbury]  that  drew  him  thence  into  that  kingdom,  by 

only  favour  he  has  ever  since  been  upholden,  and  has|^raised  to  himself  this  small  fortune, 

he  now  prays  may  not  be  undervalued." 

V. 

n  the  mean  time,  the  Londoners  were  not  asleep.  They  had  listened  with  deep  interest  to 
count  of  all  their  agents  had  seen  and  heard  whilst  in  Ulster ;  they  had  examined  and 
sd  again  and  again,  the  several  *  commodities*  brought  from  the  coasts,  hills,  fields,  and  rivers 
lean's  country,  of  which,  indeed,  they  believed  the  wild  Irish  to  be  utterly  unworthy.  The 
had  been  required  to  report  on  the  places  best  fitted  to  plant ;  to  make  a  platt  or  map 
f,  and  furnish  a  true  account  of  its  natural  resources — whether  it  might  be  expected  to  yield 
numbers  of  red  deer,  foxes,  sheep,  lambs,  rabbits,  martens,  and  squirrels,  which  would  be 
>le  mainly  for  their  fells  or  skins  (25).     They  were  also  to  report  on  the  facilities  for  growing 


I^e/ls  or  skins, — Of  the   wild   animals  thus   so 

asked  for  by  the  London  aldermen,  the  red  deer 

squirrel  have  long  since  entirely  disappeared  from 

)ds  and  hills  of  O  Cahan's  country.     A  few  foxes 

rtens  may  yet  be  found  there,  but  these  races  also 

ked  for  swift  extinction.     ITie  others  hold  their 

the  rabbits  literally  swarming,  time  immemorial, 

bent  and  breckany  hills  above  Magilligan  Strand. 

ittle  creatures  appear  to  have  been  special  favourites 

e  English  of  the  seventeenth  century  as  an  article 

,  and  almost  every  Englishman  who  dwelt  on  his 

nds  here,   aimed  at  having  a  rabbit-warren  when 

ible.     One  of  this  class,  named  Robert  Payne, 

tied  in  Munster,   and  who  has  left  a  little  Tract 

he   ambitiously   names   A  Briefe  Description  of 

made  in  this  yeere  1 589,  drew  up  instructions  for 

a  rabbit-warren,  as  follows  : — "First,  you  must 

two  acres  of  verie  drie  ground,  and  compass  it  with 

as  round  as  a  circle,  five  footes  deepe,  and  seven 

ride ;  let  the  slope  side  of  your  ditche  be  towardes 

arraine,  and  that  wayes  throw  up  all  your  earth  ; 

outside  be  plum  upright,  which  you  must  presentlie 

(therwise  the  earth  will  fall  in  ;  then  plante  your 

■A  above  eight  inches  deepe,  and  at  the  least  24 

sunder  ;  lay  at  everie  roote  close  about  the  tree  as 


much  pease  strawe  as  a  man  will  cany  under  his  arme, 
the  which  will  keepe  the  roote  moyst  in  somer  and  warme 
from  frost cs  in  winter.  The  best  time  to  set  your  trees  is 
shortlie  after  Michaelmas  :  which  verifyeth  an  old  proverbe 
in  Kent, — if  thou  wilt  a  good  tree  have^  let  him  cany  a 
green  leafe  to  his  grave.  In  the  verie  midest  of  your 
ground  you  must  make  a  little  lodge,  in  the  which  you 
must  have  eight  several  hutches,  so  placed  that  they  may 
be  always  open  into  the  warraine  ;  in  everie  hutche  you 
must  tie  witn  a  little  chaine  a  tame  bucke  connie  of  the 
best  kinde  ;  then  store  your  warraine  with  64  of  the  better 
sorte  of  tame  female  connies,  which  is  for  everie  bucke 
eight  doas ;  everie  weeke  the  first  quarter,  and  then 
moonthly,  you  must  washe  your  trees  with  water,  so  high 
as  a  connie  can  reache,  wherein  [in  the  water]  you  must 
burst  the  garbage  of  a  connie.  Also,  everie  weeke  you 
must  drawe  a  peece  of  carraine  at  the  footc  of  your  payle, 
in  the  bottome  of  your  ditch  round  aboute  your  warraine, 
by  which  meanes  your  connies  will  never  offer  to  touch 
your  trees,  nor  com  neere  the  payle  to  scrape  themselves 
out.  You  must  feed  your  connies  with  the  shortest  and 
sweetest  hay  you  can  get ;  you  may  give  them  grass  and 
any  hearbes  or  weedes  ;  they  will  eat  four  dayes  in  a  weeke 
in  somer,  and  two  daies  in  winter,  but  not  above,  for  fear 
of  the  rotte.     ...     I  doe  account  your  charges  in 


374 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


large  quantities  of  hemp  and  flax,  and  for  procuring  materials  wherewith  to  build  houses  andshipi. 
It  was  a  special  part  of  their  instructions  to  report  on  the  extent  of  the  woods  growing  ia 
Glankonkeyne  and  Killetragh — their  length  and  breadth ;  what  trees  they  yielded  for  making  soip 
ashes  and  dyeing  ashes ;  and  what  for  pipe  staves,  hogshead  staves,  hoop  staves,  clapboard  Mifcs, 
wainscot,  and  such  like.  Another  principal  point  they  had  been  commissioned  to  report  upoo  wag 
the  extent  of  the  several  fisheries  in  the  sea  and  the  rivers ;  together  with  an  account  of  wiut  sa 
fowl  could  be  had  on  the  coast ;  and  whether,  as  reported,  pearls  were  found  in  the  river  Foyle. 
The  concluding  point  the  agents  were  to  ascertain  was,  perhaps,  the  first  in  importance,  namelj, 
whether  the  coast  was  adapted  to  purposes  of  traffic  with  England  and  Scotland ;  lying  convemeodj 
for  Spain  and  the  Straits,  or  most  fitted,  by  being  comparatively  the  nearest  point,  for  the  voyage  to 
Newfoundland. 

The  agents'  report  corroborated  the  original  details  that  had  been  submitted  by  Salisbmy,  at 
his  first  interview  with  members  of  the  corporation  (see  pp.  360-363).  **  For  situation,"  say  tbejr, 
"  whereon  to  inhabit  and  plant,  they  conceive  none  more  fitting  than  the  Derry  (see  pp.  360^  362), 
being  the  likeliest  place  for  safety  of  the  inhabitants ;  a  very  commodious  harbour  for  all  sorts  of 
shipping,  lying  also  convenient  for  transportation  of  all  land  commodities  (26).  For  the  other 
[place  to  inhabit  and  plant],  the  abbey  of  Colrayne  is  the  fittest,  as  well  in  respect  of  the  natmal 
condition  of  the  place  for  defensive  fortifications,  as  also  for  the  goodness  of  the  air  and  the 
fruitfulness  of  the  land  adjacent.     The  places  are  sufficiently  furnished  with  springs,  brooks,  and 


keeping  your  connies  to  be  xx.  markes  a  yeere  :  that  is, 
your  warrainers'  board  and  wages,  S/.,  and  the  connies' 
meat,  5/.  6s.  &/.  The  increase,  at  an  indifferent  reckoning, 
will  be  seven  litters  a  yeare  :  every  connie  of  the  best 
kinde  will  bring  6  Rabbites  at  a  litter.  Where  one  of 
that  sorte  bringeth  fewer,  two  will  bring  more  ;  some  will 
bring  9  litters  in  a  yeere.  The  value  of  this  increase, 
after  the  aforesaid  rates,  and  at  S</,  the  couple  (which 
with  good  husbandrie  most  of  them  will  be  worth), 
amounteth  to  the  summe  of  44/.  i6j.  a  yeere.  But  for 
feare  you  should  fayle  in  your  reckoning,  as  the  woman 
did  that  supposed  all  the  egges  in  her  basket  were  capons : 
I  would  have  you  allow  for  casualties  11/.  9x.  4^.,  so  resteth 
[remaineth]  above  all  charges  of  the  warrainer,  and  their 
[the  Connies']  meat,  20/.  by  yeere  (fc  c/aro,  which,  I  think 
(being  wel  used)  can  yeelde  no  lesse  :  although  this  kind 
being  bred  in  houses  doe  not  eate  sweet,  yet  being  bred 
after  this  manner,  they  are  both  the  biggest,  fattest,  and 
sweetest  connies  that  are."  See  A.  Smith's  edition,  pp. 
9-1 1. 

(26).  Commodities. — * '  The  natural  advantages  of  Derry 
as  a  port  were  among  the  motives  which  led  to  its  selection 
as  the  focus  of  King  James's  plantation  of  Ulster.  When, 
in  pursuance  of  the  nth  of  Elizabeth,  chap.  9,  the  North 
was  first  converted  into  shire-ground,  by  Sir  John  Perrot, 
the  country  was  called  the  county  of  Coleraine,  and  Derry 
had  apparently  no  existence  as  a  port ;  but  the  bar  at  the 
mouth  of  the  river  Bann  soon  led  to  a  preference  of  the 
deeper  and  more  extended  waters  of  the  Foyle.  Placed 
between  the  sea  and  the  city,  the  lough  constitutes  an 


essential  element  of  the  port  It  is  situated  betvcei  tk 
county  of  Londonderry  on  the  east  and  south,  and  Ik 
peninsula  of  Inishowen,  in  the  county  of  Donqpl.  oB  Ik 
west,  having  nearly  the  form  of  a  right-angkd  tnu||Cf 
and  communicating  with  the  sea  at  thenorthemeiMftlf 
by  a  narrow  strait,  about  a  mile  wide,  between  MsfiUfH 
Point  and  Greencastle.  The  length  of  the  kNnb  §«■ 
Greencastle  to  its  opposite  extremity  at  Culmore  roiHi  '^ 
about  eighteen  miles»  and  its  greatest  breadth  abort  «■ 
and  a  Imlf  miles.  Geneimlly  shallow,  its  aaiytiw  s 
confined  to  a  narrow  channd,  which,  following  tie  «■'* 
ings  of  the  Donegal  coast,  is  bounded  on  the  oppcNile«li 
by  sand-banks  of  which  the  most  iormidaofe  ii  SkM 
Island,  so  called  as  being  formed  almost  entirely  of  Aefl^ 
The  rockv  coast  of  Donegal,  on  the  west,  abooih  «■ 
deep  and  often  land-looced  inlets,  but  the  pnnSH 
westerly  winds  render  them  difficult  of  access ;  os  tk 
east,  the  bold  basaltic  cUfis  of  Antrim  are  eqwdly  nktt/f' 
able  :  the  port  of  Deny,  situated  between  DodmI*^ 
Antrim,  affords  ample  water  at  the  Quays,  wu  i0| 
anchora^  in  all  weathers.  Such  are  tne  advaiKsip* 
the  position  of  the  port  in  reference  to  its  esctemal  ickuoi^ 
It  has  alio  another  of  even  greater  Tslne^ — as  withflrtit 
the  possession  of  a  harbour  would  be  of  little  cosifMi^ 
use,~that  of  standing  at  the  outlet  of  the  mat  pM^.^ 
valley  of  the  Foyle,  the  natural  channel  tnroan  «&>■ 
the  produce  of  an  extensive  and  fertile  district  ttOiU  k 
broueht  to  the  sea :  and  it  can  scarcdy  be  doabiei^ 
this  feature  of  its  position  must  hmf  ininoiood  tkej<j* 
of  its  original  founden^ "  Mtmmr  mf  Ttm^tmrnt  Ai>^ 
p.  242. 


THE  LONDONERS  PLANTATION. 


375 


1  sundry  shrubby  wood  grounds,  but  much  wasted,  and  plenty  of  good  and  wholesome 
>ply  the  want  of  other  fuel  (27). 

*  said  country  is  most  fit  for  breeding  of  all  kinds  of  cattle,  as  horses,  mares,  kine,  goats, 
ys,  &c,  the  kine  as  fair  and  likely  as  the  ordinary  cattle  of  England  Swine  are  there 
itifully  bred  and  fed.  The  land  is  apt  for  all  kinds  of  husbandry,  and  where 
nanured,  yields  increase  answerable  to  the  ordinary  sort  of  lands  in  England,  will  produce 
gutter,  cheese,  tallow,  and  hides ;  all  sorts  of  grain,  as  wheat,  barley,  beare,  oats, 
lIso  of  madder,  hops,  wood,  coal,  rape,  hemp,  flax,  &c.  (28).  There  is  store  also  of  red 
5,  sheep,  lambs,  conies,  martens,  otters,  squirrels,  &c.,  the  prices  of  each  being,  viz.,  red 
,  foxes  2od.^  sheep  fells  at  4//.,  martens  and  otters  at  4^.  per  piece,  lamb,  coney,  and  squirrels 

•  no  value  (29). 

he  woods  of  Glankonkayn  and  Killatrough  are  great  store  of  goodly  oaks,  fit  for  all  manner 
g,  ash  also,  with  elm  of  great  bigness.  The  country  in  every  place  is  plentiful  of  stone, 
y  uses ;  clay  and  sand  in  divers  places  thereof  for  making  brick  and  tile ;  limestone  is 
in  great  abundance,  and  in  the  river  of  Loughfoyle  great  and  plentiful  shoals  or  sheaves, 
le  inhabitants  for  the  more  easy  charge,  make  a  sort  of  good  lime.  There  is  also  a  sort 
•ut  not  very  good  nor  plentiful,  and  therefore  the  inhabitants  easily  supply  themselves 
cellent  sort  of  that  material  out  of  the  islands  of  Scotland,  the  coasts  of  Wales,  and  the 
an.  Of  timber  for  shipping,  or  any  other  building,  the  woods  of  Glankonkayn  and 
h  afibrd  great  plenty  ;  as  also  good  store  of  pipe,  hogshead,  and  barrel  staves,  clapboard, 
(30).     For  soap  ashes,  &c.,  it  is  likely  there  may  be  store  made,  but  they  conceive  the 


*r  fuel. — Coleraine  amply  possessed  all  the 
hus  ascribed  to  it  by  the  Londoners.  During 
tration  of  Sir  John  Perrot,  this  town  was 
the  site  for  the  contemplated  chief  city  of  the 
.  hence  it  gave  name  to  the  whole  county, 
ntil  the  barony  of  Loughinsholin  was  added 
sn  the  whole  was  re-baptized  Londonderry. 
ant  for  good  positions  of  defence  outside,  for 

I  castles  at  Mount-Sandal,  the  Cranagh,  and 
sne  of  Jackson-Hall,  had  all  been  evidently 
great  strength.  The  springs  and  brooks,  and 
lolesome  turf,'  which  attracted  the  attention 
viewers,'  are  unfailing,  although  the  latter, — 
he  vicinity, — are  not  now  certainly  so  ample 

ip^flojc^  ^c. — This  enumeration  of  the  natural 
Londonderry  includes  those  of  Ireland  gene- 
ed  by  Robert  Payne,  in  1589.       "Although 

II  judgmente,"  says  he,  "which  thinke  every 
lat  bcareth  long  gras,  have  failed  of  their  ex- 
l  crops,  by  means  of  their  unskilfull  choice  of 
t  assuredly  the  commodities  of  the  countrie 
je  than  eyther  the  people  can  well  use,  or  I 

Their  soile  for  the  most  part  is  verie  fertil, 
V\Tieate,  Rye,  Barly,  Peason,  Beanes,  Oates, 
her,  Rape,  Hoppes,  Hempe,  Flaxe,  and  all 
s  and  fruites  that  England  any  wise  doth 
iefe  Description  of  Ireland^  1590;  p.  6. 


(29).  No  value, — "Among  the  quadrupeds  which  for- 
merly existed  but  are  now  extinct  is  the  native  stag  or  red 
deer.  The  otter  is  yet  discoverable,  not  common ;  the 
marten  still  more  rare ,  the  weasel  is  frequent,  but  here, 
as  elsewhere,  leaves  it  doubtful  whether  he  is  to  be  ranked 
with  the  workers  of  good  or  evil."  (Sampson's  Memoir ^ 
&c.,  p.  178,  184).  The  squirrel  must  have  long  since 
disappeared,  as  the  above-named  trustworthy  observer  had 
evidently  never  heard  of  its  existence  in  the  district. 

(30).  And  hoops, — SirThos.  Phillips  had  a  clear  eye  for 
appreciating  all  such  natural  sources  of  profit.  Indeed  the 
woods  again  mentioned  here  must  have  contained  and  yielded 
wondrous  stores  of  wealth.  Phillips  referring  to  this  point 
inhis  *  Project,'says : — **  I  have  a  lease  from  Tyrone  [theearl 
of],  for  certain  woods,  which,  if  he  had  thought  I  would  have 
enterprized  as  I  have,  he  would  never  have  granted  unto 
me.  This  business  beingwell  employed,  great  profit  and 
commodity  will  arise.  The  like  profit  is  to  be  made  by 
joists  and  other  sorts  of  timber,  which  the  Scots  buy  for 
building  and  other  uses.  So  that  with  fly-boats  of  good 
burden,  requiring  small  charge,  we  may  furnish  Scotland 
and  other  parts  upon  the  sea-coasts  in  England,  and  as  I 
remember,  good  ware  in  Spain.  The  like  are  slap-boards, 
wainscott  and  long  boards  for  other  uses.  Oaken  planks 
are  very  saleable  in  all  places,  which,  with  devices  of 
mills  as  Dutchmen  have  them,  will  not  be  chargeable. 
Fair  ash  and  oaken  hoops  will  yield  great  profit  in  Eng- 


376 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


woods  may  be  converted  to  better  use.  Soap  ashes  have  been  and  are  daily  made.  Of  minenli 
there  is  no  certainty,  except  iron  ore,  and  of  that  in  sundry  places  some  four  miles  from  the  main 
woods,  and  in  the  mountains  of  Slewgallen  further  distant,  yet  not  far  from  the  river  Majola  (31), 
which  divides  the  woods  of  Glankonkayn  and  Killatrough. 

"The  harbour  of  Deny  is  a  most  commodious  harbour,  safe  and  convenient  for  all  sorts  of 
shipping.  Portrush  is  distant  from  thence  12  miles,  and  Loughswilly,  30  miles.  Portzush  is 
a  sufficient  road  for  the  summer  time  and  not  so  safe  in  winter,  lying  open  to  the  noith-eist 
wind.  Loughswilly  is  a  tolerable  harbour,  being  subject  to  the  north  winds  only,  which  oveiblowiog 
there  is  safety  notwithstanding,  running  further  into  the  land  (32). 

"  It  is  likely  upon  the  said  coast,  store  of  cod,  ling,  skate,  and  other  fish  might  easily  be  takeo, 
if  they  were  as  diligently  sought  for  as  elsewhere ;  but  as  they  find  none  through  the  whole  county 
pliant  for  fishing,  they  cannot  certainly  make  report  thereof;  but  it  is  certain  that  infinite  stoit  of 
cods,  herrings,  &c,  are  there,  and  upon  the  near  adjacent  islands  of  Scotland,  yearly  taken  bf 
Scots,  Flemings,  and  French,  whereof  they  learn  there  are  200  sail  many  times  together.  Find 
great  store  of  seals,  whereof  the  inhabitants  complain  exceedingly,  supposing  that  they  are  nuidi 
hindrance  to  herring  fishing,  which,  if  they  could  be  taken,  would  yield  plenty  of  train  oil  Sea 
fowl  are  found  in  great  abundance,  swan,  goose,  barnacle,  godwite,  plovers,  duck,  mallard,  &c, 
being  thereof  so  great  plenty  as  it  is  almost  incredible  to  be  reported.  In  the  rivers  of  Lougjbibyle 
and  Bann,  besides  salmon  and  eels,  there  is  great  plenty  of  trout,  flounders,  and  other  small  fish* 
and  the  said  nvers  by  computation  yield  120  tons  of  salmon  yearly,  and  sometimes  more.  Lem 
also  that  in  the  nver  of  I^ughfoyle  pearls  have  been  and  are  taken,  but  cannot  report  of  the 


land.  .  .  By  this  means  London  may  be  furnished 
with  all  sorts  ot  timber,  as  joists,  clapboards,  wainscots, 
barrel  boards,  hogshead  boards,  oaken  planks  for  shipping, 
and  other  uses.  These  kinds  of  commodities,  I  hope,  m 
time,  may  be  afforded  here  [in  London]  cheaper  than  the 
boards  and  timber  which  the  Dutchmen  bring  hither.  By 
this  means  the  undertakers  shall  reap  that  profit  whicn 
the  Dutchmen  now  do,  and  be  a  means  to  set  our  shipping 
and  mariners  on  work,  for  I  have  seen  at  one  time,  within 
these  eight  weeks,  twelve  great  Flemish  hoys  and  fly-boats 
all  laden  with  timber. " 

(31).  TA^  Mayola. — This  river,  although  having  such 
a  softly-sounding  name,  is  often  one  of  the  most  turgid 
and  troublesome  in  Ulster.  Its  character,  in  this  respect, 
however,  is  easily  accounted  for.  The  earlier  part  of  its 
course  is  among  lofty  uplands,  and  it  often  brings  down 
floods  from  the  mountains  to  I>ough  Neagh,  carrying  with 
them  bridges,  obliterating  roads,  and  devastating  the 
valley  through  which  it  flows.  It  rises  among  the  lofty 
mountains  on  the  south-western  extremity  of  Loughin- 
sholin  barony,  and  falls  into  Lough  Neagh  at  a  point 
about  two  miles  above  Toome  Bridge.  It  lias  witnessed 
changes  along  its  banks, — which  were  once  clothed  by 
the  woods  of  Glenconkeyne  on  one  side,  and  by  those  of 
Killetragh  on  the  other.  The  towns  of  Tubbermore, 
Castle- Dawson,  and  Drapcrstown,  now  look  on  its  waters 
as  they  pass. 

(32).  Into  thi  land, — In  a  "Rutter  for  Ireland,  made 


by  Grandger,  an  expert  master,**  are  the  fi^winf  v^ 
ences  to  the  winds  and  tides  of  these  coasts : — "Hontf 
Head  and  the  entry  of  Loughsillie  Ue  east-noitlKCtrtflA 
west-south-west  6  leagues.     The  entry  of  \ao^  SiSP 
[Lough  Swilly]  and  the  Isles  of  Enesterhall  [ImUnMl 
and  Skerries  Portrishe  lie  east-sooth-east  and  vot-iori^ 
west  ten  leagues.     You  must  understand  that  the  livffov 
Loughfoyle  lies  from  Skerries  Portrishe  west-soath-vett  » 
between  them  is  the  river  of  the  Ban.     Between  Poitridj^ 
and  Loughfoyle  5  leagues.     In  the  entiyof  Looghfi^  >^ 
a  sand  csdled  the  Tonnes ;  go  in  on  toe  north-west  a^ 
of  the  Tonnes.     Also  a  channel  on  the  east  side  of  th^ 
Tonnes,  hard  aboard  the  shore,  but  Imng  tide  with  yoi  « 
it  flows  there  east,  and  by  south-west,  and  by  tortb- 
Skerries  Portriche  and  the  Isle  [Isla]  lie  south  and  not^ 
Between  them  12  leagues.     Skerris  Portriche  w^  |^ 
island  of  Raghline  north-east,  and  by  east-soath-wert»iiB^ 
by  west  7  leagues.     It  flows  at  Skerris  Portriche  citf  ^ 
west.     Next  the  flood  comes  from  the  eastward,  ^  ^ 
and  more.     Off  the  Raghlins  there  is  a  Cape  called  FiiiT 
Foreland  [Fair  Headl  one  league.     The  Faiiy  FonM 
and  the  Knee,  an  island  of  Olderileete,  lie  sootlHO^ 
east  and  north-north-west  9  leagues.     Off  in  the  ooicatf' 
lie  the  Maydens,  which  have  long  trains  of  rocks  tfdff^ 
half  tide.      Fairy  Foreland,  and  Loch  Reane  [Ry*l 
in  Scotland,  lie  east-south-east  and  west-noith-wtfl  iS 
leagues."  *  See  Calendar  •/  Cartm  MSS..  %6oyH,  ff 
437.  438. 


» 


THE    LONDONERS     PLANTATION.  377 

quantity  thereof.  The  coast  is  apt  and  safe,  taking  a  first  wind  to  go  to  all  parts, 
;  are  convenient  for  trade,  both  to  the  north  and  south." 

iars  by  an  order  of  the  Court  of  Aldermen,  dated  November  28,  that  the  *  viewers'  had 
2d  and  made  their  report,  and  that  an  additional  sum  of  100/.  was  ordered  to  be  paid 
as  giving  the  four  gentlemen  one  hundred  pounds,  each,  as  travelling  expenses.  On  the 
smber,  the  Court  of  Common  Council  announced  to  the  companies  that  the  lords  of 
^s  council  expected  to  hear,  forthwith,  the  opinion  and  decision  of  the  City  on  the 
he  plantation.  It  was  ordered  also,  by  the  same  court,  that  Sir  Stephen  Soame,  and 
lling  unto  them  the  four  commissoners  or  viewers,  should  meet  together  to  advise  and 

all  matters  and  circumstances  fit  to  be  remembered  about  the  plantation,  and  they 
ready  to  make  report  to  the  next  common  council,  in  writing,  of  their  opinions  touching 
thereby  the  City's  resolute  answer,  concerning  the  said  intended  plantation,  might  be 
delivered  to  the  lords  of  the  council,  in  the  time  thereby  limited."  The  report  thus 
s  made  on  the  15th  of  the  same  month,  and  it  recommended,  in  substance,  to  the 
uncil  that  the  sum  of  money  to  be  expended  on  their  plantation  should  not  exceed 
d  that  the  same  should  be  raised  by  way  of  companies,  and  in  companies  by  the  poU, 

0  the  rate  of  com  (33)  set  upon  every  company.  But  some  of  the  minor  companies 
It  fit  to  be  spared,  yet  such  men  as  were  known  to  be  able  or  wealthy,  to  be  taxed 
bly  with  men  of  like  ability  in  other  companies,  and  for  this  levy  it  was  proposed  that 
lid  be  passed  in  the  Court  of  Common  Council. 

this  statement  as*  to  the  sum  to  be  disbursed  and  the  mode  of  collecting  it,  the 
^ave  it  as  their  decided  opinion  that  the  Deny  and  the  town  of  Coleraine  should  be 
the  sites  of  the  two  cities  to  be  erected ;  that  4,000  acres  should  be  laid  to  Derry,  and 
leraine ;  and  that  the  rest  of  the  territory  and  county  of  Coleraine,  estimated  at  16,000 
f  temporal  lands,  more  or  less,  should  be  undertaken.  Various  privileges,  varying  from 
Dned  in  the  first  project,  were  proposed  to  be  claimed  ;  and  it  was  suggested  that  seven 
ihould  be  asked  for  to  make  such  other  reasonable  demands  as  time  might  show  to  be 
could  not  presently  be  foreseen.  This  important  report  concluded  as  follows  : — "It  is 
t  that  a  company  be  constituted  here  in  London,  and  persons  to  be  selected  for  that 
id  corporations  to  be  settled  in  the  two  cities  of  Derry  and  Coleraine ;  and  all  things 
this  plantation  and  undertaking  to  be  managed  and  performed  in  Ireland,  by  advice 

y/  com. — The  corn-rate  was  levied  by  the  the  right  to  commit  the  wardens  or  masters  of  companies 

1  on  occasions  when  it  was  found  necessary  who  refused  to  supply  their  quotas.  _  It  was  arranged  that 
the  maintenance  of  the  people  in  and  about  the  quota  which  each  company  had  last  paid  imder  the 
cularly  the  poorer  classes.  Whenever  there  corn-rate,  was  to  be  taken  as  the  measure  of  the  ability  of 
;;  any  scarcity  of  corn,  the  city  of  London,  the  particular  companies,  and  also  as  the  measure  of 
:ing  provision  out  of  any  funds  of  its  own,  their  abilities  to  comply  with  the  act  of  common  council, 
panics,  compelling  each  company  to  provide  in  raising  the  fund  for  the  plantation.  See  Skinntrs  v. 
nber   of  bushels   of  com,    according  to  a  Irish  Society^  pp.  472,  890. 

by  which  the  proportion  of  each  company 

d.     This  exercise  of  power  by  the  city  of  (34).  At  16,000  acr^s, — This  quantity  was  probably  not 

the  companies  arose  from  an  Act  passed  more  than  one  seventh  part  of  the  arable  temporal  lands 

irtain   quantity  of  com  by  the   poll,   the  then  to  be  undertaken  by  the  Londoners  in  the  county  of 

quota  to  be  supplied  by  each,  and  having  Coleraine  alone. 


3/8  THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

and  direction  of  the  company  here  in  London."  From  the  concluding  paragraph  of  this  tepoft  Ae 
Irish  Society  may  be  said  to  have  drawn  its  troubled  and  unenviable  existence.  It  is  known  by 
various  names,  but  in  its  nature  or  character  it  is  always  the  same.  In  England,  this  assodatioii 
is  called  the  Irish  Society  \  in  Ireland,  it  is  known  as  the  London  Company ;  but,  by  its  own  ipedal 
baptism  it  is  styled  the  Honourable  Society  of  the  Goi^emor  and  Assistants^  London^  af  the  AVr 
Plantation  in  Ulster^  within  tlie  Realm  of  Ireland, 

The  above  report  was  approved  by  the  common  council,  and  the  city  recorder,  with  others 
was  appointed  to  present  the  same,  as  the  City's  answer  to  the  lords  of  his  Majesty's  ooonciL 
When  this  was  done,  the  lords  demurred  at  the  sum  of  15,000/.  as  being  too  small,  and,  in  £Kt, 
declined  to  accept  the  offer  thus  made.     The  Court  of  Common  Council  was  then  obliged  to  order 
that  a  sum  of  5,000/.  should  be  added  for  the  special  purpose  of  buying  up  private  interests,  or 
rather  tenant  right  in  houses  and  lands  in,  and  in  the  vicinity  of  Derry.     The  committees  fbrmerij 
appointed  (four  from  each  of  the  twelve  companies)  then  presented  their  report  with  the  addidoo 
of  the  sum  last  named,  as  their  answer  to  the  lords  of  council,  and  with  it  the  latter  appear  to 
have  been  satisfied.     Then,  anticipating  a  final  agreement  with  the  Government,  certain  measure! 
were  promptly  adopted  by  the  Londoners.     For  the  purpose  of  looking  after  the  interests  of  the 
whole  subject,  especially  in  its  relations  with  the  policy  of  the  Government,  Sir  Thomas  Bennett, 
and  26  others,  were  constituted  into  committees.     The  committees,  in  the  meantime,  were  to  take 
"  advised  care  and  consideration  of  all  matters  whatsoever,  that  to  them  in  their  discretion  shookl 
be  thought  fit  to  be  propounded,  moved,  or  done,  on  the  behalf  of  the  city,  as  the  matter  itsdt 
being  of  that  consequence  and  importance,  did  merit.     Sir  Thomas  Bennett  was  aj^intedtobe 
the  president  of  these  committees ;  and,  besides  the  four  viewers  already  named,  the  following  vere 
among    those    constituting    the    committees: — "Nicholas    Leate;    John    Barton,   ironnuMiger; 
John   Gardener,   mercer;     William    Dale,   grocer;    John   Combe,    draper;     Martin    FrccBiB, 
fishmonger ;  George  Smithers,  goldsmith ;  William  Towerson,  skinner ;  Richard  Wright ;  William 
Greenwell,  merchant  tailor ;  William  Harrison,  haberdasher ;  William  Turner,  Salter,  &c.    In  order 
to  expedite  the  work,  the  common  council  ordered  a  taxation  of  20,000/.,  with  an  immediate  le«T 
of  the  fourth  part  of  it,  which  levy  was  to  be  made  in  companies,  and  by  the  poU,  according  to 
com  rate,  as  already  explained.     The  first  levy  was  to  be  raised  and  paid  on  or  before  the  Feast 
the  Purification  next  ensuing,  to  Mr.  Cornelius  Fishe,  chamberlain  of  the  city,  who  was  a[ 
treasurer  as  well  for  the  receipt  and^ayment  of  the  said  5,000/.  as  of  the  rest,  being  15,000/., 
it  should  be  required.     See  I-.ord  I^ngdale's  Judgment^  in  the  case  of  the  Skinner^  Company  v. 
Irish  Society, 

The  four  'viewers'  confirmed  so  many  former  representations  of  a  favourable  character  lelali-"^* 
to  the  contemplated  plantation,  that  from  the  moment  of  their  departure  from  Ireland  the  aC^' 
was  understood  to  be  settled,  although  several  conferences  had  still  to  be  held.     In  view  of    ** 
certainty,  however,  Chichester  began  to  reflect  that  a  few  of  the  Londoners'  probable  deaf^ 
could  not  well  or  wisely  be  granted,  however  desirable  as  fellow-workers  they  might  be  i»  ^ 
settlement  of  Ulster.      Among  these  probable  demands  one  would  be  an  attempt  to  dispo0^ 


THE    LONDONERS     PLANTATION.  379 

ptain  John  Vaughan  of  his  lands  at  Dunnalong.  To  prevent  this,  Chichester,  from  politic 
lives — and  probably  being  anxious  to  oblige  Vaughan — ^wrote  to  Salisbury,  on  the  ist  of 
cember,  reminding  him  that  a  letter  from  London,  on  the  8th  of  April  preceding,  **  signified 
t  Captain  Vaughan  should  be  continued  in  possession  of  the  fort  of  Dunalonge;  and 
t  he  should  be  allotted  two  ballybetaghs  of  land,  with  conditions.  In  confidence  whereof 
has  since  made  provision  of  all  materials  necessary  for  building  or  repairing  of  the  place. 
w,  the  Londoners  are  without  doubt  to  plant  a  colony  at  the  Deny;  he  is  doubtful  lest 
y  should  affect  to  have  that  from  him,  as  they  do  other  things  on  the  opposite  side  in  the 
mty  of  Dunagall,  and  has  besought  his  [Chichester's]  interference.  It  is  a  place  of  no 
)ortance  to  their  public  designment,  and  since  it  shall  behove  them  very  much  to  have 
^hbours  of  his  quality,  experience,  and  ability,  to  undertake  for  so  much ;  adding  also  thereunto 
t  he  is  a  freeman  of  their  corporation  at  Deny,  and  that  he  hopes  hereafter  to  be  allowed  of  and 
tinued  among  them,  he  [Chichester]  makes  no  doubt  but  he  will  be  held  capable  of  their 
lOur  and  benefits  in  the  plantation." 

Chichester  failed  in  securing  the  two  ballybetaghs,  2,ooo7acres,  for  Vaughan,  although  the 
idoners  did  not  get  this  land,  nor  do  they  appear  even  to  have  asked  for  it  Among  the  grants 
he  Earl  of  Abercorn  in  that  district  was  the  large  proportion  of  Dunnalong,  containing  2,000 
55,  whilst  John,  afterwards  Sir  John  Vaughan,  had  an  allotment  of  1,000  acres  in  the  barony  of 
macrenan.  No  reference  to  Dunnalong  appears  in  the  reports  of  certain  conferences  held  at 
t  time  between  the  Londoners  and  the  commissioners  for  Irish  causes.  These  conferences 
nmenced  on  the  9th  of  January,  1609-10,  and  the  following  report  of  the  proceedings  has  been 
iserved  among  the  Irish  State  Papers  : — 

"  The  First  Conference  about  the  \ne7v\  Plantation  of  Ulster, 

"  This  day  Sir  Roger  Wilbraham,  Sir  Anthony  St  Leger,  Sir  James  Ley,  Sir  James  Fullerton, 
lights,  commissioners  for  Irish  Causes,  assisted  by  Mr.  Corbett  and  Mr.  Edwards,  clerks  of  the 
ncil,  met  with  the  London  Deputies  in  Mr.  Recorder's  Chambers  in  the  Temple,  and  there 
irnenced  the  business  of  the  [new]  Plantation  of  Ulster.     The  course  held  in  the  consultation 

to  consider  the  City's  demands,  and  accommodate  the  same  in  such  a  manner  as  might  be 
t  chargeable  to  the  King,  and  of  most  advantage  to  the  plantation ;  wherein  the  demand  of 
>o  acres  to  be  laid  to  the  Dyrrie,  and  3,000  to  Colraine,  came  first  in  question. 

**  Demand  of  4,000  acres  of  land  to  be  laid  to  the  Deny.  The  deputies  for  London 
landed  4,000  acres  to  be  laid  out  for  the  use  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  Deny,  on  the  same  side 
^e  river  as  the  town  stands,  excluding  all  and  every  part  of  Adhorties  [O'Dogherty's]  land,  and 

the  castle  of  Culmore  upon  the  mouth  of  the  river ;  and  as  these  4,000  acres  will  comprise 
^y  Pawlett's  land,  and  what  else  may  haply  belong  to  the  Bishop  of  Deny,  which  is  not  yet 
•Wn,  they  desire  that  all  those  titles  may  be  cleared  at  the  King's  charge.  However,  they  intend 
build  churches,  and  make  endowments  of  competent  livings  for  the  maintenance  of  the 
Ustry. 


380  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

Anstvcr,  It  was  thought  meet,  albeit  the  quantities  of  acres  demanded  would  fall  out  to  be  t 
very  large  extent,  being  taken  all  on  the  same  side  of  the  river,  and  clearing  the  Ladj  Piwletfi 
title  chargeable  to  the  King,  yet  that,  for  the  furthering  of  the  plantation,  their  demand  should  be 
made  good ;  excepting  the  Bishop  of  Derry's  title,  especially  that  which  he  had  for  a  seat  within 
the  town  of  Deny,  either  for  a  house  for  himself,  or  for  a  dean  and  chapter,  which  they  leave  ti> 
the  consideration  of  the  Lords"  [of  council], 

"  Demand  of  3,000  acres  in  Colraine.  The  City  deputies  who  were  sent  into  Irehnd 
observed,  that  the  castle  of  Colraine  stood  on  the  west  side  of  the  Ban,  in  the  county  of  Colnine^ 
and  that  the  river  bank  rose  up  so  steep  on  that  side  that  a  town  could  not  be  seated  there,  either 
for  water  or  for  fishing.  Finding  the  other  side  of  the  Ban,  where  the  town  of  Colraine  fonnerif 
stood,  in  the  county  of  Antrim,  more  fit  to  build  a  city,  they  desire  to  build  the  town  there,  ind  t» 
have  3,000  acres  adjacent  to  it  on  the  same  side,  in  the  county  of  Antrim.  Amwer,  The 
demand  of  3,000  acres  to  100  houses  has  no  proportion  to  the  other  of  4,000  acres  to  300 
houses;  and  the  King  has  no  ground  on  that  side  of  the  river  to  lay  to  the  town,  the  whole  couotiy 
thereabouts  belonging  to  Sir  Randall  MacDonneL  Move  \t.e,y  the  commissioners  for  Irish  causes 
move]  that  they  [the  Londoners]  would  take  1,000  acres  on  that  [the  Antrim]  side,  and  3,0000a 
the  other.  This  they  refused,  insisting  on  the  first  demand,  which  was  left  to  their  Lordships  [u, 
the  King's  council]. 

*'  Demand  of  the  woods  of  Glankonkeyne  and  Killeitragh.  The  third  demand,  in  regud  to 
these  woods,  was  respited  because  it  grew  late,  until  the  next  meeting  on  Friday ;  but  bjr  the 
conference  that  passed,  it  was  observed  that  that  point  would  take  up  some  time,  as  it  10 
conceived  that  the  woods  were  theirs  to  cut  down  and  sell,  wherein  it  were  meet  some  diredioBi 
were  given." 

"  T/u  Second  Conference  about  the  \new\  Plantation  of  Ulster, 

"Jan.  12.  The  conference  beginning  with  a  repetition  of  that  which  passed  at  the  fonnff 
meeting,  those  of  London  required  that  7,000  acres  might  be  laid  adjacent  to  the  towns,  without 
bogs,  mountains,  or  woods.  Answer,  That  the  bogs  and  mountains  being  good  feeding  grooodSi 
are  not  to  be  excepted  in  laying  out  commons,  unless  they  would  suffer  all  such  bogs  and  hDis  to 
be  taken  by  other  men,  which  would  be  inconvenient  to  the  towns,  or  keep  them  as  part  of  the 
adjacent  ground,  and  so  they  would  have  a  greater  quantity  of  acres  than  they  demanded.  After 
much  altercation,  left  undecided.  Demand.  To  have  the  whole  county  of  Colraine,  whatsoever 
quantity  more  or  less,  undertaken  at  the  rates  set  down,  without  exception  of  any  part ;  and*  to 
express  themselves  better,  they  name  the  abbey  of  Dungevin,  with  the  demesnes  more  or  ksi*  the 
castle  of  Limavady,  and  every  other  part  of  the  said  county.  Answer.  That  it  might  be,  the  tf* 
abbey,  with  the  demesnes,  was  already  granted  to  the  college  of  Dublin,  and  would  be  hardtogll 
back  again.  Moreover,  it  had  been  told  them,  that  divers  kA  the  Irish,  as  Manus  01^ 
and  Manus  Makanally  (35),  freeholders  in  that  county,  were  men  of  merit,  and,  haviqg  tat 

(35).  Makanally. — This  word  is  written  ut  Quyvally      ^a//a^>i  (0*Cahan). 
in  another  State  Paper.     It  was  intended  for  Mac  Caey 


THE    LONDONERS     PLANTATION. 


381 


dee  to  the  State,  could  not  be  removed  without  inconvenience,  besides  the  discouragement 
f  desert.  The  Londoners  replied  that  they  named  the  abbey  of  Dungiven,  because  they 
3d  there  were  some  who  went  about  to  turn  it  to  their  own  private  ends.  For  those 
rs  formerly  named,  they  wished  them  well,  but  would  by  no  means  have  any  promiscuous 
1  with  the  Irish,  unless  they  were  contented  to  be  their  tenants.     Consideration  left  to 


mand.  They  demanded  the  woods  of  Clancumken  [Glanconkeyn]  and  Killeightragh, 
soil  of  the  same  woods,  to  be  wholly  to  their  use  and  possession.  Answer,  That  the 
re  of  as  long  extent  as  the  whole  county  of  Colrane,  and  more  than  would  serve  for  that 
I.  It  was  intended  they  [the  Londoners]  should  have  as  much  of  these  woods  as  would 
build  towns  and  plant  the  country,  the  remainder  to  be  left  to  the  use  of  posterity,  or 
of  by  the  King.  The  Londoners  replied  that  the  woods  in  the  county  of  T)rrone  were  of 
ut  either  to  be  spent  on  the  ground,  or  to  be  brought  down  the  Ban  to  those  places  they 
rtaken ;  and  that  they  were  so  spoiled  by  the  people  of  the  country  in  late  years,  that  the 
was  cut  down  and  purloined  away ;  whereby  they  feared  there  would  be  want  of  wood 
ihort  time,  unless  some  order  was  taken  for  their  preservation.  Their  purpose  was  not  to 
foreign  sale  of  the  wood,  or  turn  it  into  merchandise,  but  having  settled  a  trade  in  those 
ir  care  was  to  have  timber  for  shipping.  To  that  end  they  desired  the  conservation  of 
)ds  and  the  soil  as  lords  of  the  same.  Difference.  Sir  James  Ley  and  the  rest  thought  fit 
:ontroversy  should  be  continued  in  the  King,  and  left  it  as  a  difference  not  agreed  upon 
isideration  of  the  Lords. 

mand.  They  demand  the  patronage  of  all  the  churches  to  be  built  in  any  part  of  their 
I,  or  already  built  and  having  no  incumbents,  which  the  commissioners  think  fit  to  grant 
epting  such  as  are  already  passed  to  the  college  of  Dublin  (36). 

e  demand  of  holding  the  county  of  Colraine  at  the  rent  of  5/.  6j.  Zd.  for  every  thousand 
:epting  woods,  mountains,  and  bogs ;  of  holding  the  two  cities  and  the  lands  laid  unta 
:ee  burgage  (37),  and  the  rest  of  the  county  lands  in  common  socage,  was  in  every  point 
ito. 

ing  moved  by  Sir  James  Ley  to  fall  in  hand  with  such  other  courses  as  were  fit  to  be 
n  for  the  furtherance  of  the  plantation  in  regard  to  the  spring  coming  on,  which  should 
)st,  the  Londoners  liked  his  motion,  but  excused  themselves  as  not  knowing  how  to 
0  levy  the  money  before  these  things  were  cleared. 


Uge  of  Dublin. — It  turned  out  that  the  college 
jot  no  footing  in  Londonderry,  its  patronage 
•e  including  only  the  three  parishes  of  Ardstraw, 
nd  Drumragh, — all  in  the  county  of  Tyrone. 
e  burgage. — Tenure  in  burgage  is  defined  by 
ttleton,  and  other  high  authorities  to  be  simply 
cage  ;  and  it  exists  in  cases  where  the  King  or 
1  is  lord  of  an  ancient  borough,  in  which  the 
re  held  by  a  rent  certain.  Burgage  is  indeed, 
of  town  socage,  as  common  socage,  by  which 
are    holden,    is   usually   of  a  rural   nature. 


Many  of  these  tenements,  so  held  in  ancient  burgage,  are 
subject  to  a  great  variety  of  customs  ;  perhaps,  the  prin- 
cipal and  most  remarkable  of  which  is  that  called  Banmgh* 
English  (so  named  in  contradistinction  to  the  Norman 
customs),  viz.,  that  the  youngest  son,  and  not  the  eldest, 
succeeds  to  the  bui^age  tenement  on  the  death  of  his 
father, — ^an  arrangement  which  is  supposed  to  be  derived 
from  the  pastoral  state  of  our  British  and  German  ances- 
tors, in  which  all  the  sons  but  one  migrated  from  the 
father,  which  one,  always  the  youngest,  became  his  heir. 
See  Stephen's  Commentaries^  vol.  i.,  pp.  211,  212. 


382 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


"  Third  Conference  concerning  the  \fiew\  Plantation. 

**  Privileges  demanded.  Custom  of  all  goods  exported  or  imported,  poundage,  tonnage,  the 
great  and  small  customs  (38) ;  the  salmon  fishing  of  the  river  Ban  and  Loughfoile;  transport  of  all 
prohibited  wares  growing  on  their  own  lands.  The  admiralty  (39)  of  the  coast  of  Tyrconnell  and 
Colraine ;  liberty  of  fishing  at  sea  upon  the  coast,  and  peculiar  fishing  in  all  the  rivers  within  their 
country.  Ans7ver,  All  these  are  thought  fit  to  be  granted,  being  formerly  offered  to  the  city  in  the 
project.  Demand,  That  no  flax,  hemp,  or  yam  unwoven,  be  transported  out  of  their  pom, 
without  license  of  the  officers  of  the  Deny  and  Colraine.  Answer.  It  may  be  yielded  to  as 
concerns  flax  and  hemp,  but  there  are  two  patents  already  granted  for  transporting  yam,  one  to  the 
late  Lady  Rich,  and  a  reversion  to  John  West,  which,  if  they  could  be  called  in,  or  otherwise  fitted, 
were  not  amiss  (40).  Demand,  That  no  hides  be  transported  raw.  Answer,  This  restraint  may 
be  yielded  unto  in  their  own  ports,  but  no  farther,  for  the  greatest  trade  of  Ireland  is  transpoiting 
raw  hides  (41).     Dematid,  That  as  well  the  cities  and  towns,  as  the  county  of  Colraine,  be  freed 


(38).  Customs. — The  customs  are  the  duties  of  pound- 
age and  tonnage  on  goods  imported,  and  of  poundage  on 
goods  exported.  Poundage  is  an  ancient  duty  payable  to 
the  Crown  on  all  merchandize  and  wares  imported  into, 
or  exported  from  this  realm,  to  be  sold,  except  wines  and 
oils,  which  pay  custom  by  way  of  tonnage.  And  this  duty, 
which  has  been  granted  to  the  Crown  by  various  Acts  of 
Parliament,  in  England,  from  the  time  of  Edward  III., 
and  most  after  the  rate  of  twelve  pence  in  the  pound, 
according  to  the  several  and  respective  values  and  rates  of 
the  merchandize,  is  said  by  Sir  John  Davys  to  have  been 
first  granted  to  King  Henry  VII.  in  this  kingdom  [Ireland], 
in  the  tenth  year  of  his  reign,  for  five  years  ;  and  at  the 
end  of  that  term,  to  him  and  his  heirs  forever,  after  the 
rate  aforesaid.  And  this  is  called  the  old  poundage. 
Tonnage  is  a  duty  payable  by  the  said  statute  on  wines 
and  certain  oils  imported  into  this  kingdom,  viz. : — Every 
tun  of  French  wine  imported  by  subjects,  3/.  loj.,  im- 
ported by  strangers,  4/.  1 31.  4^.  ;  every  butt  of  levant, 
Spanish,  or  Portugal  wine,  by  subjects,  2/.  loj.,  by 
strangers,  3/.  6j.  &/.  ;  every  awme  of  Rhenish,  by  subjects, 
ly.,  by  strangers,  20J. ;  every  tun  of  rape  or  linseed  oil, 
by  subjects,  15J.,  by  strangers,  20J.  ;  every  tun  of  Spanish 
oil,  by  subjects,  2I.  lar.,  by  strangers,  3/.  y.  ;  every  tun 
of  sallet  oil,  by  subjects,  3/.  3J.,by  strangers,  3/.  i8j.  ; 
every  tun  of  Greenland  oil,  subjects,  8j.,  strangers,  lOf. ; 
every  tun  of. Newfoundland  oil,  subjects,  6j.,  strangers, 
'js,  6d,  See  Howard's  Exchequer  and  Revenue  of  Ire- 
land,  i.,  61,  62. 

(39)«  ^^  admiralty,  — The  admiralty  of  the  coasts  of 
Don^al  and  Londonderry,  together  with  the  appointment 
to  the  office  of  vice-admiral,  was  eventually  conferretl  on 
the  Londoners  by  the  Crown.  These  privileges  were 
given  as  the  means  of  maritime  defence,  as  well  as  for  the 
protection  of  their  trade.  By  this  means  they  were  enabled 
to  banish  the  Hollanders,  who  then  fished  off  the  coasts 
of  Ulster  all  the  summer,  selling  vast  quantities  of  the  fish 
thus  caught  to  the  Spanish  merchants,  and  within  the 
straits.  When  any  of  the  Londoners*  own  vessels  happened 
to  be  wrecked  on  the  coast,  they  had  thus  also  the  means 
of  protecting  their  cargoes. 


(40).  Not  amiss, — The  Lady  Rich,  above-mentioDal. 
was  wife  of  Robert,  the  second  Baron  Rich,  one  of  dv 
noblemen  who  served  on  the  trial  of  the  Duke  of  Noiiift, 
in  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth.  He  married  EUobetih, 
daughter  and  heir  of  George  Baldry,  Esq.,  son  and  heir 
of  Sir  Thomas  Baldiy  of  London.  How  or  vfaj  ^ 
lady  came  to  get  the  license  to  export  yam  from  IttbW 
we  cannot  discover.  At  her  death,  the  same  pririkr 
was  granted  to  John  West.  "We  have  granted,**  fljs 
the  King's  letter,  April  29,  1607,  "unto  John  Wot,  ok 
of  the  groomes  of  our  privie  chamber,  a  lisencetotnBH 
p>ort  the  number  of  1,200  packes  of  yame  of  that  caofoe. 
yearlie,  and  to  continue  for  21  yeares  foUowiog."  See 
Erck*s  Repertory,  p.  352. 

(41).  Raw  hides, — Among  the  earliest  and  iiiotfalii»* 
dant  of  the  exports  of  Ireland  were  raw  hides,  which  the 
country  could  supply  almost  to  any  amount  fron  itsn^ 
herds  of  cattle  in  every  province,  but  especially  in  Ustcv- 
"At  the  year  1430^  Mr.  Anderson  quotes  froo  HaUqr^ 
a  curious  poem  descriptive  of  the  commerce  of  Chrifttv 
dom  at  that  period,  '  Ireland's  commodities*  bong  cs*' 
merated  as   'Hides  and   Fish,    Salmon,  Heirai^  <*^ 
Hake  [a  kind  of  fish],  wool,  linen  cloth,  and  skim  of  «iV 
beasts,'  adding  his  own  renuirk  of  the  antiquity  tlincfc^ 
demonstrated  of  a  linen  manufacture  in  Ireland.    Fp^ 
Mor}'son  states  the  exports  to  have  been  hidcfi  tjabe** 
fish,  cattle,  horses,  ana  com  (when  pennitted),  winD^ 
and  linen  cloths  in  great  quantities,  hawks,  aqm-vit*^ 
and  usquebagh,  which  was  esteemed  the  best  ia  tb^ 
world."     (See  Memoir  of  the  Parish  of  Temflemm,  P- 
25s).     The  objection  put  forward  bj  the  '  ^— ■ 
against  the  export  of  raw  hides  was  geneial, 

classes,  but  the  merchants  or  traders  m  thisc ^^ 

themselves.     It  was  objected  that  raw  hides  wen  bM|F 
by  the  merchants  before  being  brooght  to  maikd,  WJ^ 
exported  and  swept  from  tlw  oountiy  at  oooe,  tteH^ 
ing  the  tanners,  raising  tl^  price  of  leather  to  tk  ^^ 
habitants,  and  defrauding  his  Majesty*s  cnstoafc  1*' 
paper  preserved  among  tte  Canw  MSS.,  it  is  ifttei  if 
"in  most  of  the  market  towns  of  the  kiBugdoBilhcRi*'' 
a  tanner  within  twenty  miles  of  the  maiCel,  ud'B^^ 


THE   LONDONERS     PLANTATION. 


383 


I  patents  of  privileges  heretofore  granted  to  any  person,  either  of  linseed  oil,  soap,  ashes,  or 
glasses,  or  any  other  whatsoever,  and  that  hereafter  no  patent  of  privileges  be  granted  to 
5  within  the  said  towns.  Answer,  If  by  course  of  law  these  patents  can  be  revoked,  it  is 
that  they  were  freed  as  demanded,  and  that  in  future  no  privilege  should  be  given  but  by 
om  hence,  and  the  city  called  into  it  before  it  pass  (42).  Demand.  To  have  command  of 
le  of  Culmore,  for  search  of  all  such  as  pass  outward  with  commodities.  Answer,  Yielded 
»r  they  [the  Londoners]  pay  the  officers  and  soldiers.  Demand.  That  the  Liberties  of  the 
"  Colrane  and  the  Deny  may  be  extended  three  miles  every  way,  and  that  they  may  have 
ether  liberties  as,  upon  view  of  the  charters  of  London,  the  Cinque  Ports,  or  the  City  of 
shall  be  found  fit.  Answer.  Yielded  unto.  Demand.  That  all  particular  men's  interest, 
n  land  or  otherwise,  be  freed  to  the  City.  Answer.  Excepting  church  and  college  land 
/.  To  have  forces  maintained  at  the  King's  charge,  during  the  plantation,  for  the  defence  of 
nployed.  Answer.  Forces  are  fit  to  be  maintained  for  some  reasonable  time.  Demand. 
e  an  Act  of  Parliament  for  settling  and  confirming  these  things,  and  also  to  have  seven 
*spite  to  consider  such  demands  as  shall  further  be  thought  fit." 

VL 

e  Londoners  thus  put  forward  their  demands  boldly  and  without  stint,  as  if  they  had  really, 

individual  and  collective  capacity,  determined  upon  a  bona  fide  fulfilment  of  their  own  part 

bargain  now  to  be  made.     But  they  can  hardly  get  credit  for  much  honesty  of  purpose,  either 

the  native  Irish  or  the  Government.     They  would  have  no  "  promiscuous  habitation  with 

[1,  unless  they  were  contented  to  be  their  [the  Londoners']  tenants ;"  in  other  words,  they 

lot  tolerate  the  enormity  of  some  three  or  four  Irish  gentlemen  having  small  fragments  of 

Is  that  had  belonged  to  their  respective  families  for  ages,  unless  these  firagments  were  held 

em  [the  Londoners].     They  had  no  objection,  however,  to  have  "promiscuous  habitation," 

as  their  own  interests  and  convenience  required,  with  the  Irish  grantees  who  could  not 

their  tenants  because  compelled  to  remove  to  patches  in  other  counties, — not,  however^ 

their  labours  the  twelve  precious  companies  occupying  their  lands  had  been  actually  floated, 

lirly  to  work.     These  Londoners  also  persistently  refused  or  neglected  to  carry  out  honestly 


ut  one  tliat  tans  hides  as  they  ought  to  be  wrought, 
ty  [Dublin],  which  is  the  principal  of  the  king- 
butchers  are  of  ability  to  buy  beeves,  without 
loney  from  the  merchants,  who  will  not  part  with 
3n  condition  to  have  the  hides  at  a  price,  and  so 
hides]  never  come  to  the  market ;  if  this  be  re- 
the  city  and  we  shall  be  ill-served  with  provision 
nd.  Besides  all  which  there  is  not  40,000  hides 
ed  out  of  the  kingdom  in  one  year,  nor  in  two, 
t  collected  by  certificates  of  the  customs,  which 
re  with . ' '     Ciilcndar  of  Carew  MSS. ,  1 603- 1 624, 

"before  it  pass.  —Among  the  patents  for  monopolies 
ling  in  the  way,  and  demanding  by  the  London- 
removed,  were  such,  principally,  as  consisted  of 


licenses  for  tanning,  for  the  manufacture  of  oil,  soap,  and 
glass,  for  the  export  of  yams,  and  for  the  making  of  aqua- 
vitae.  Thus,  on  the  20th  April,  1608,  Sir  Thomas  Phillips 
had  got  a  licence  to  make  aquavitae  in  Colraine  county, 
and   in  the  Route,  in  Antrim  county.     On  the  2nd  of 
June,  1607,  a  licence  was  given  to  John  de  la  Grange, 
otherwise  Verhoven,  and  Gabriel  de  Hase,  Dutch  mer- 
chants, to  make  oil  and  soap.     In  May,  1618,  a  licence 
was  granted,  no  doubt  with  tne  consent  of  the  Londoners, 
to  Richard  Fitz-Simon  and  Michael  Taaffe,  to  erect  tan- 
ning-houses, and  to  tan  leather  at  the  towns  of  Gortney- 
hanemagh,  and  Newtowne  of  Limevaddy,  in  the  barony  of 
Kenaugnt,  in  Londonderry  county,  which  are  herein  ap- 
pointed to  be  places  for  tanning.    Patent  Rolls^  pp.  105^ 
ijif  368. 


384  THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

their  engagements  with  the  Government,  so  that  there  soon  commenced  a  chronic  or  contina^^ 
quarrel  with  the  authorities.  For  so  far,  however,  everything  went  forward  swimmingly  in  the 
arrangements  between  the  council  and  the  corporation.  A  manuscript  preserved  in  the  lilHary  of 
the  British  Museum  contains  the  following  prefatory  statement  to  the  articles  signed  by  both  sides  >- 
"  Upon  the  Reasons  that  were  offered  to  ground  this  project  and  the  further  inducement  of  the 
business,  it  was  for  the  first  consideration  referred  to  four  of  each  company  selected  out  of  the  twelve 
for  the  first  conference  of  the  business,  and  then  their  reasons  did  yield  the  same  to  be  referred 
unto  a  common  councelle,  and  who  should  be  there  named  committees  for  the  business.  Where- 
upon an  acte  passed  to  that  efiect,  and  these  [were]  appointed  [representatives  of]  Committees  for 
the  business  :  Sir  Thomas  Bennett,  Sir  Thomas  Lowe,  Sir  Leonard  Hollyday,  Sir  James  PembettOB, 
Mr.  Cockaine,  Mr.  Bond,  Mr.  Nicholas  Leat,  Mr.  Wheeler,  Mr.  Meggs,  Mr.  Greene,  Mr.  Soda,  Mr. 
Robert  Middleton,  Mr.  Fox,  Mr.  Sheering,  Mr.  Barton,  Mr.  Crayford — who  conferred  on  rnanf 
points,  and  concluded,  that  by  plantation  it  will  secure  and  strengthen  the  rest  of  that  kingdom,  hii 
Ma^^^  and  his  dominions,  and  ease  themselves  as  subjects  of  former  burthens.  These  matten, 
reasons,  and  conferences  so  seriously  debated,  it  was  at  length  agreed  by  the  said  committees  to 
undertake  the  said  plantation,  and  thereupon  the  articles  of  agreement  were  conceaved."  These 
'Articles,'  which  were  formally  signed  on  the  28th  of  January,  1609-10,  were  as  foUow : — 

"  Articles  between  the  King  and  City  of  London  for  the  plantation  of  the  City  of  Deny  and  the 
County  of  Coleraine. 

"  Articles  agreed  upon  the  28th  January  between  the  Lords  of  the  Privy  Council  on  the 
King's  behalf  on  the  one  part,  and  the  committees  appointed  by  Act  of  Common  Council  on  behalf 
of  the  Mayor  and  Commonalty  of  the  City  of  London  on  the  other  part,  concerning  a  plantatioo  in 
part  of  the  province  of  Ulster ;  which  articles  were  signed  by  the  Lord  Chancellor  [Ellesoere^ 
Lord  Treasurer  [Salisbury],  Lord  Privy  Seal  [Northampton],  Lord  Chamberlain  [Suffolk],  En!  0^ 
Worcester,  Earl  of  Dunbar,  Lord  Zouch,  Lord  Knollis,  I-ord  Stanhope,  Sir  John  Herbert,  tt^ 
Sir  Julius  Caesar ;  and  on  behalf  of  the  City,  by  Henry  Montague,  Sir  Thomas  Lowe,  Sir  John 
Jowels,  William  Cockaine,  William  Towerson,  Nicholas  Leate,  William  Doters,  Richard  Wriglit* 
Martin  Freeman,  John  Brand,  George  Smithes,  William  Dies,  William  Greenwell,  John  Banef» 
William  Harrison,  William  Turner,  and  James  Hodson.  i.  Imprimis.  It  is  agreed  by  the  Oty 
that  20,000/.  shall  be  levied,  whereof  15,000/.  shall  be  expended  on  the  intended  pbntation. 
and  the  other  5,000/.  for  clearing  other  men's  interest  in  the  things  demanded.  2.  That  vfi 
houses  shall  be  built  at  the  Deny  and  room  left  for  300  more,  and  that  4,000  acres 
lying  on  the  Derry  side  next  adjacent  to  the  City  shall  be  laid  thereunto,  bog  and  bmefl 
mountain  to  be  part  thereof,  but  to  go  as  waste  to  the  city,  the  same  to  be  done  I9 
indifferent  [impartially  chosen]  commissioners.  3.  That  the  Bishop  and  Dean  of  Derry  shall  hix 
convenient  plots  for  the  site  of  three  houses  at  the  Deny.  4.  That  Colraine  shall  be  situated* 
the  abbey  side  [/.^.,  the  Antrim,  or  northern  bank  of  the  river],  and  xoo  houses  built,  and  i** 
left  for  200  more  ;  and  that  3,000  acres  of  land  shall  be  laid  thereto,  viz.,  1,000  acres  to  be  tabs 
on  the  abbey  side  next  adjacent  to  the  town,  and,  if  the  King  be  pleased  to  ecect  and  maintaia  t 


THE  Londoners'  plantation.  385 

in  perpetuity  at  his  own  charge,  for  a  common  passage  over  the  river,  between  the  town  and 
of  Coleraine,  then  the  other  2,000  acres  shall  be  taken  on  the  other  [or  western]  side  of  the 
Dtherwise,  the  whole  3,000  acres  are  agreed  to  be  taken  on  the  abbey  side,  adjacent  to  the 
5.  That  the  measure  and  account  of  lands  shall  be  after  the  balliboes,  according  to  the 
last  sur\  ey.  6.  That  the  rest  of  the  territory  and  entire  county  of  Colraine,  esteemed  at 
acres,  more  or  less,  undertaken  by  the  city,  be  cleared  from  all  particular  interests,  except 
eritance  of  the  Bishop  and  Dean  of  Derry,  and  certain  portions  of  land  to  be  assigned  to 
T  four  Irish  gentlemen  (see  p.  355),  at  the  most,  now  dwelling  and  settled  in  the  county  of 
*,  who  are  to  be  freeholders  to  the  city  [of  Ix)ndon],  and  to  pay  them  small  rent,  the  same 
s  and  rent  to  be  limited  by  commissioners  indifferently  chosen  between  the  King  and  the 
J.  That  the  woods,  grounds,  and  soil  of  Glankonkeyne  and  Killeitragh,  extending  from  the 
of  Colraine  to  Ballenderry,  be  wholly  to  the  city  in  perpetuity,  the  timber  trees  of  those 
to  be  converted  to  the  use  of  the  plantation,  and  all  necessary  uses  in  Ireland,  and  not  to 
\e  merchandise.  8.  That  the  soil  in  and  among  those  said  woods,  which  stands  charged  as 
ed  lands,  be  undertaken  in  the  like  form  as  the  county  of  Coleraine.  9.  That  the  city 
ive  the  patronage  of  all  the  churches  as  well  within  the  city  of  Derry  and  tow^n  of  Cblraine, 
I  lands  undertaken  by  them.  10.  That  the  7,000  acres  laid  to  the  city  of  Derry  and  town 
eraine  shall  be  in  fee-farm  at  the  yearly  rent  of  5^.  4//.  11.  That  the  city  of  Derry  and 
f  Colraine  and  7,000  acres  of  land  laid  to  them  shall  be  held  in  free  burgage.  12.  That 
idue  of  all  the  county  lands  and  woods,  and  all  such  lands  to  be  undertaken  shall  be  held  of 
ig  in  common  socage.  1 3.  That  the  customs  of  all  goods  imported  or  exported,  poundage, 
?,  and  the  great  and  small  customs,  shall  be  enjoyed  by  the  City  [of  London]  for  the  term  of 
rs  within  the  city  of  Derry  and  town  of  Colraine  and  county,  and  all  ports  and  creeks 
,  paying  yearly  66s,  Sd.  to  the  King  as  an  aclcnowledgement,  and  to  have  the  like  for  the 
Portrush.  14.  That  the  salmon  and  eel  fishing  of  the  rivers  Ban  and  Loughfoile  as  far  as 
ir  flows,  and  in  the  Ban  as  far  as  Loughneagh,  shall  be  in  perpetuity  to  the  City.  15.  That 
y  shall  have  liberty  to  transport  all  prohibited  wares  growing  upon  their  own  lands. 

.  That  the  City  shall  have  the  office  of  the  admiralty  of  the  county  of  Tyrconnel  and 
ne,  and  all  the  royalties  and  profits  thereto  belonging,  and  shall  have  their  own  ships  and 
vhich  shall  happen  to  be  wrecked  at  sea,  in  Ballishannon  and  Olderfleet,  and  in  all  the 
ports,  and  creeks  between  them,  saved  to  themselves. 

.  That  the  City  shall  have  the  liberty  of  fishing  and  fowling  upon  all  the  coasts,  as  all  other 
)  have  [/>.,  so  far  as  the  grant  includes  of  the  coast],  and  that  it  shall  be  lawful  for  them  to 
eir  nets,  and  pack  their  fish  upon  any  part  of  the  coast  they  fish  upon,  and  carry  the  same 
nd  that  they  have,  the  several  fishings  and  fowlings  in  the  city  of  Derry  and  town  and 
of  Colraine,  and  all  the  lands  to  be  undertaken  by  them,  and  the  river  of  Ix)ughfoile,  as  far 
ws,  and  the  Ban  as  far  as  Loughneagh. 

That  no  flax,  hemp,  or  yarn  unwoven,  be  carried  out  of  the  Derry  and  Colraine  without 
of  the  City's  officers,  and  that  no  hides  be  transferred  without  like  license. 


386  THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

19.  That  as  well  the  cities  and  towns,  and  the  county  of  Colraine  be  freed  from  all  patatsof 
privileges  heretofore  granted  to  any  person,  and  that  hereafter  none  be  granted  within  the  said 
cities,  and  that  they  shall  be  freed  from  all  compositions  and  taxes,  no  way  to  be  taxed  or  imposed 
by  the  government  of  those  parts. 

20.  That  the  City  shall  have  the  castle  of  Culmore  and  the  lands  thereto  belonging  in  fee-^nn, 
they  maintaining  a  sufficient  ward  and  officer  therein. 

21.  That  the  Liberties  of  Coleraine  and  the  Derry  shall  extend  three  miles  every  way. 

22.  That  the  City  shall  have  such  further  Liberties  to  the  Derry  and  Colraine,  as  upon  the 
view  of  the  charters  of  London,  the  Cinque  Ports,  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  or  Dublin,  shall  be 
found  fit. 

23.  That  all  particular  men's  interest  in  the  places  about  the  Derry  and  Colraine,  and  other 
the  undertakers'  lands  be  cleared  and  free  to  the  City  (except  as  is  excepted  in  the  6th  article). 

24.  That  sufficient  forces  shall  be  maintained  at  the  King's  charge,  for  the  undertakers'  safety 
for  a  certain  time. 

25.  That  for  settling  and  securing  all  things  touching  the  plantation  aforesaid,  the  King  liD 
give  his  assent  to  Acts  of  Parliament  here,  and  the  like  to  pass  in  Ireland. 

26.  That  the  City  will  have  time  during  seven  years  to  make  such  other  reasonable  demands 
as  time  shall  show  to  be  needful. 

27.  That  the  City  shall  with  all  speed  set  forward  the  plantation  in  such  sort  that  there  mij 
be  60  houses  built  in  Derry  and  40  in  Colraine  by  the  ist  of  November  following,  with  oonvcnieflt 
fortifications,  the  rest  of  the  houses  to  be  built  and  perfected  by  ist  November,  x6xi." 

At  the  foot  of  a  copy  of  the  foregoing  '  Articles,'  dated  28  Jan.,  and  found  in  the  colledioBQC 
State  Papers  discovered  at  Philadelphia,  Chichester's  endorsement  records  that  he  had 
them  on  ** the  4th  of  June,  by  Mr.  Rowley."  His  secretary  appropriately  adds: — "Sir 
O'Cahane,  &c,  were  sent  over  about  the  last  of  October  [1609]  before  the  date  hereot"  To  * 
third  copy,  a  note  signed  by  Salisbury,  is  appended,  requiring  Davys  to  "  draw  a  book  fit  for  *■• 
Majesty's  signature,  containing  the  King's  grant  to  the  committees  to  be  named  by  the  City  <• 
I/>ndon,  of  all  the  lands,  &c.,  mentioned  in  the  aforesaid  particular." 

vn. 

The  foregoing  *  Articles'  were  approved  and   formally  accepted  by  the  Court  of  Coini«»* 
Council  on  the  30th  January,  or  two  days  afler  their  being  signed  by  the  contracting  par*-*^ 
Although  the  Londoners  did  not  receive  the  formal  grant  from  the  Crown   until  1613,  tl»««f 
'Articles'  took  effect  as  soon  as  they  had  been  mutually  adopted,  so  that  there  was  no  bcsiiatKi 
on  the  part  of  the  planters  in  commencing  their  operations.     The  possessions  of  various  kinds  rt* 
handed  over  to  them  were  literally  immense — very  much  greater,  indeed,  than  was  supposed  at  if 
time  even  perhaps  by  themselves,  and  not  less  than  400,000  acres,  exclusive  of  Church  b** 
Besides  the  fishings  and  the  lands  at  Derry  and  Coleraine  specified  in  the  Articles,  the  Loodoso* 
were  now  put  into  possession  of  all  the  temporal  lands  in  the  baronies  of  Colenine^  Kci^ 


THE    LONDONERS*    PLANTATION.  387 

» 
rirkeerin,  and  Loughinsholin,  for  in  being  granted  the  vast  woods  of  Glanconkine  and  Killetragh, 

hey  necessarily  got  the  territory  also  on  which  the  woods  were  standing.     The  lands  of  these  four 

>aronies  had  been  divided  into  the  regular  number  of  *  proportions/  when  surveyed  in    1609, 

he  name  and  extent  of  each  being  afterwards  recited  in  the  grant  to  the  Londoners.     It  is  to  be 

egretted  that  the  baronial  maps  made  in  1609  of  the  county  of  Coleraine  have  not  yet  been  found, 

►ut  we  have  the  map  of  Loughinsholin,  which  barony  belonged  to  the  county  of  Tyrone  in  1609, 

^hen  the  survey  was  made.     The  following  is  the  order  in   which   the  several  baronies  and 

iroportions  appear  in  the  grant  of  1613  to  the  Londoners  ; — 

Barony  of  Coleraine. 

1.  The  large  or  great  proportion  called  Boughtbegg^  containing  Hacketbegg  and  Aghlakightagh, 
HTO  balliboes  ;  Artbryan,  Bratbooly,  Hackmoore,  Tirecurrin,  Edermoole,  Lennagorran,  Knockmult, 
loughtmore,  and  Finghmolan,  one  balliboe  each ;  Farmoyle,  three  balliboes ;  Ballin-Skie,  two 
alliboes ;  Gorticanan,  one  balliboe ;  Balsinoverick,  two  balliboes ;  Cameti,  one  balliboe ; 
i^rdsemam,  two  balliboes ;  Abegg,  one  balliboe;  Ardcleave,  one  balliboe ;  Derdrimore,  one  balliboe; 
Jerdabegg,  one  balliboe ;  Bownally,  two  balliboes ;  Balnesrona,  two  balliboes ;  Kittiny,  one 
Milliboe ;  Kenaghan,  one  balliboe ;  and  one  third  part  of  Crooghan ;  in  all,  2,000  acres,  besides 
ihe  glebe  lands.     Rent,  10/.  13J.  4//. 

2.  The  middle  proportion  called  Fomtinuie,  containing  the  lands  of  Lenamore,  Ballinickallin, 
Askemdarouff,  Lisnestreaghage,  Coolecosscreagh,  Cuisenegavasah,  Boonavasy,  Laughtavertie, 
Boontolasty,  Tirekerrin,  Ferrentinule,  Gauvaghy,  Carrowriny,  Ballyhagan,  Inistkleen,  Cah, 
Vfoyettian,  Tawnemore,  Listahill,  Talduff,  Ballirogan,  Currahandalike,  Ballyirin,  and  Bealerah,  one 
•aJliboe  each  ;  and  half  the  balliboe  of  Coolebane ;  in  all,  1,500  acres,  besides  the  glebe  land. 
'^^nt,  8/. 

3.  The  small  proportion  called  Lisetrinty  containing  the  lands  of  Gorcloghan,  Ballintubber, 
^^ylenish,  Bunaghy,  Creggagole,  Crossecloite,  Laraagh,  Tawnastrangoge,  Ballineanaugh,  Lisetrim, 
srnoile,  Moiletragh,  Billagh,  Boffide,  Aghar,  Dromsary,  Trienaltenagh,  Teadanbane,  and  Bally nory, 
^  balliboe  each  ;  and  the  half  of  the  balliboe  of  Coolebane  aforesaid;  in  all,  1,120  acres,  besides 
^  glebe  land.     Rent,  5/.  19^.  5^. 

4.  The  small  proportion  of  Claggin,  containing  the  lands  of  Moyeny,  Coolerawer,  Maydaghy, 
^^^leneman,  Comeroe,  Dromdrivah,  Cokenah,  Moyun  Kilmore,  Moyhill,  Bovegh,  Claggin,  Mully- 
^^b,  Lissedeerymoile,  Gortsada,  Rousky,  Dromstale,  and  Curali,  one  balliboe  each  ;  and  V3  P^rt 

^  balliboe  into  three  parts  divided,  in  Knockduffe;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  besides  glebe  land.  Rent, 

5.  The  small  proportion  called  Magheriboy^  containing  the  lands  of  Ballimory,  Killarnye, 
^lychame,  Dromencoyle,  Tullamanaghan,  Creaghan,  Tonduffe,  Tawnamaynen,  Clonliry,  Dromore, 
Juillan,  Coolenonny,  Ballytagart,  Coolepregh,  and  I^an,  one  balliboe  each ;  Magheriboy,  two 
^Hiboes;  and '/a  parts  of  the  balliboe  of  Knockduffe;  in  all,  x,ooo  acres,  besides  glebe  land, 
^ent,  5/.  6f.  Zd, 


388 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


6.  The  small  proportion  called  Catn^  containing  the  lands  of  Coolelq;an9  Kiltassei  Tire- 
creaghugh,  Tabarren,  Coolnesillagh,  Moymaconogher,  Cregileon,  Ballinedoughi  Ballibrack, 
Ballinenoontagh,  Dromidrineagh,  Kinconogher,  Bally-Illiam,  Coolenglasse,  Balmechane,  Cam, 
and  Leckassastren,  one  balliboe  each  ;  and  Y,  parts  of  the  balliboe  of  Crooghan  in  three  equal 
parts  divided;  in  all,  i,ooo  acres,  besides  glebe  land.     Rent,  5/.  6x.  8^/. 

7.  The  scite,  circuit,  compass,  and  precinct  of  the  monastery,  or  religious  house  of  Ma^cosquiw^ 
and  the  several  parcels  of  land  belonging  thereto,  viz.,  Rinenas,  two  balliboes ;  Ballenege,  two 
balliboes ;  Mardvame,  one  balliboe ;  Kinadaghy,  one  balliboe ;  Solenemanagh,  one  balliboe ; 
Lisimemoragh,  one  balliboe  ;  and  Ballyntire,  tw^o  balliboes ;  in  all,  600  acres.     Rent,  3/.  \s.  od. 

The  Barony  of  Lymavady  [now  Kenaght]. 

1.  The  great  proportion  oi  Dawline^  containing  the  lands  of  Bally-Ingolblony,  Bally-Ichub^^ 
Bally- Vickvachy,  Bally-Ivery,  Ballychastan,  Shanlego,  Listonan,  Crott,  Tircharran,  (!!!airowe-IU^^ 
Dowlin,  Dram-Iderry,  Ballymore,  Ballyvrassell,  Grannagh,  Gortnamony,  Maghermaskeagh,  B%/^^ 
vonan,  Maninanin,  Clone,  Tollyhernbegg,  Tollyhemmore,  Lissovalgarill,  Tetnaduckah,  Tradreagi^ 
Deny,  Tagallowe,  Ardchell,  Dromline,  Kilruddy,  1-argartain,  Boliiagh,  Derryoutragh,  Ganydiv'« 
Derryeightragh,  Gartraribry,  and  Ballyeskmore,  each  one  balliboe ;  in  all,  2,000  acres,  hnirfr  t 
glebe  land.     Rent,  1 1/.  os,  od. 

2.  The  middle  proportion  called  Culemore^  containing  the  lands  of  Glasseneky,  Magheijiuig.^  t 
Nadd,  Tonbrooke,  Oghill,  Tomor,  Sessiaghheile,  Glorke,  Tollmakelly,  Bally-Icheane, 
Culemore,  Dromheighlin,  Drommore,  Carlarhagh,  Soscarragan,  Magherimore,  Moiagei 
Moymore,  Tollegrome,  Nanaroge,  Largie,  Ballykellye,  Ananane,  and  Coolasson,  being  one  biffih*"^ 
each  ;  and  V3  P^i't  of  the  balliboe  of  Dromen;  in  all,  1,500  acres,  besides  glebe  land    RentiBJ 

3.  The  middle  proportion  called  the  Camnus  (43),  containing  the  lands  of  Finachar,  Tolljooe^f 
Gallavaghy,  Moygrine,  Reliagh,  Knockean,  Ballywony,  Meldony,  Charagan,  Droma,  Denyircl 
Bunkenley,  Derretahy,  Strugmy,   Cammes,    Inishgonohor,    Dromhesse,    Ballynassa,  GorHdort^ 
Ballyvickatt,  Gortgarn,  Leanemore,  Derry-Iorke,  Gortnagrosse,  Tiregoulan,  and  Brissine,  being 


(43).  Cammes. — The  name  of  the  religious  house  which 
stood  here  was  also  written  Cammys  and  Camus.  "Of 
the  ancient  abbey  of  Cambos  or  Camus,"  says  Dr.  Reeves, 
"nothing  now  remains  but  the  cemetery  ami  the  shaft  of  a 
sculptured  cross,  which,  having  been  removed  from  its 
socket,  lay  neglected  till  it  was  turned  to  barbarous  pur- 
pose  by  being  converted  into  a  gale-post,  in  which  position 
It  is  now  [1850]  to  l>e  seen  on  the  right  hand,  as  you  enter 
the  churchyard.  The  natron  saint  was  Comghall."  (See 
Colton*s  Visitation^  p.  83).  The  Inquisition  of  1 609  has 
the  following  reference  to  one  of  the  divisions  in  this  pro- 
portion;—  "Out  of  the  half  ballil)oe  of  herenagh  land  of 
Ballynasse^  and  the  late  [eel]  weare,  near  Ballynassc,  in 
the  parish  of  Camos,  dr.  &/.  per  ann.  ;  and  alsoe  out  of  the 
herenagh  land  of  Camos,  contayninge  one  quarter  neere 
the  parisshe  church  of  Camos.     The  Patent  recites  *the 


Suarter  of  Camus  with  the  castle  of  Castkioe,  ttl  the 
lallyboe  of  Ballynas.'    Baile-am-Easa^  'the  town  of  ^ 
waterfall,*  was  so  called  from  tbe  fiunous  catanct  «f  ^ 
Craoibhe,   *  Eascreeve. ' "     (/Wi/.  p.  77;  see  abo  |k  n 
supra).     When  the  Rev.  Ct.  V.  Sampaoo  refemd  to  tk» 
place  in  the  year  1814,  he  says : — "Aboat  thice*^ 
south  of  Coleraine,  on  the  Bann,  St  Congal  foumW' 
celebrated  monastery  in  580.     I  suggest  to  thent^* 
MonasHeon  Hibtrnicttm  [Archdall  V  that  this  i*  *^ 
ruin ;  the  very  foundation  stooei  have  been  jaiffff^ 
The  font  only  remains,  with  a  curious  pillar  icnIjiWWi 
but  somewhat  eflbced."    Sampson's  iVhwMr^CMKf 
222).     The  font  had  disappeared  in   1850^  *^  ^ 
Reeves  visited  the  place ;  and  what  San^too  cAj 
curious  pillar**  was»  no  doabC,  the  shaft  of  the  ""^ 


cross. 


390 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


4.  The  small  proportion  called  Moyegboy,  containing  the  lands  of  Tawnalloge,  Moyegt>4crf, 
Bealad,    Daghum,   Aghecarney,    Moy downy,    Lisriemagall,   Edingillyhoppy,    Leick,    Lisnebrear, 
Caveniedony,  Laghmagillegan,  and  Mullaroe,  Carrick-Igroogie,  Carrowkilly,  and  Carricketenentifl; 
being  each  one  balliboe ;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  besides  glebe  land.     Rent,  5/.  6s.  Zd. 

5.  The  small  proportion  called  Carnemoyagh^  containing  the  lands  of  Cloghtell,  Doovenanan, 
Tully,  Camsan,  Doonkrooner,  Lawchill,  Killy-Illan,  Croggan,  Doongolyn,  Glassedeely,  Correygarry, 
Doonelahad,  Dirrin,  Carrickhagh,  Caraymoyegh,  Ballinekilly,  Lisneale,  and  Tirennekoghy,  bdog 
each  one  balliboe ;  and  'Z,  part  of  the  balliboe  of  Moyegh  ;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  besides  glebe  bod 
Rent,  5/.  6x.  %d, 

6.  The  small  proportion  called  Brackmoy^  containing  the  lands  of  Ardkilly,  Kilnehumrliy, 
Shragduffburrin,  Laskah,  Cooledoogie,  Ballykillaan,  Tulla,  Tawnamore,  Clonelogh,  Taidafli 
Brackmoy,  Killkattyn,  Liskillaleigh,  Laghtmanus,  Balliartan,  Lettermuicke,  and  Gortebegge,  being 
each  one  ballyboe ;  and  */.  of  the  balliboe  of  Dromcongoose ;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  besides  gkbc 
land.     Rent,  5/.  65.  M, 

7.  The  small  proportion  called  Kildonan^  containing  the  lands  of  Nefawncy,  Ballenemo}ie, 
Kildonan,  Irremech,  Lisserass,  Mullaboy,  Oghill,  Doongillen,  Brackagh,  Gortendrohide,  Tcmpk- 
moile,  Gortyertie,  Dirryarkan,  Gortmur}%  Carrownekilly,  Cashill,  and  Tullinrie,  one  balliboe  cad; 
and  V3  P^"*ts  of  the  balliboe  of  Moyegh  ;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  besides  glebe  lands.     Rent,  5/.  6/.  W 

8.  The  castle  and  town  of  Gortanuania  otherwise  Lemmavaddiy  Rawrodibegg,  Rawrodimore, 
Kill-Jan,  Dromballydonaghy,  Lissachellin,  and  Ameregilt,  being  one  balliboe  each ;  in  all,  4'® 
acres.  Also,  the  lands  of  Tamaman,  Clontager,  Came,  Borsill,  and  Crenbarigh,  being  each  one 
balliboe;  in  all,  300  acres.     Rent,  i/.  i2x. 

The  Barony  of  Loughinshoun  (44). 

1.  The  middle  proportion  called  Ballimmanagh^  in  the  territory  of  Killetragh,  containiqg  ihc 
lands  of  Loughry,  Aghiwillie,  Moyagadon,  Ballyogroby,  Ballyogourke,  Tallaghdowan,  Ballmena^'agh. 
Gortgelly,  Anaghfutty,  Moyruck-Igillnory,  Douneconan,  Ballyomigan,  Ballyomillagan,  Ballinealebegt 
Ballyfire,  Killnamuck,  Ballydonnell,  Bally-Innilty,  Ballyaghorke,  Ballyorey,  and  Ballealmore,  one 
balliboe  each  :  Ballivickgilligirke  and  Ballcoronan,  two  balliboes  each  ;  and  '/j  PJ^  of  the  balliboe 
of  the  Liscomnare;  in  all,  1,500  acres,  besides  glebe  land.     Rent,  8/.  ox.  od, 

2.  I'he  small  proportion  called  Drumrotty  in  the  territory  of  Killetragh,  containing  the  lands 
of  Tullowghy,  Ballmeverleigh,  Monyotorkon,  Caghedy,  Dromdrem,  Balliolaghan,  Dromiofir 
Monyhagh,  Monymore,  Carneny,  Dolosky,  Tanaghvore,  and  Anaghaula,  one  balliboe  cad  J 
Dromellan  and  Gar^vagh,  one  balliboe ;   the  two  Ballioghonais,  one  balliboe ;    Crossveigi  one 


(44).  Loughinsholin. — The  baronial  map  of  1609  pre- 
sents this  barony  in  two  sections,  the  first  containing  the 
ancient  territories  of  Killetragh,  Tomlagh  [Tamlaght], 
Tarraghter,  and  Melannagh  ;  the  second  section  contain- 
ing Glanconkeyne  and  Clandonel.  The  first  section  is 
bounded  on  the  east  by  Lou?h  Beg  and  the  river  Bann  ; 
on  the  south-east,  by  Lough  Neagh  ;  on  the  south-west, 
west,  and  north-west,  by  the  barony  of  Dungannon,  and 


on  the  north,  by  the  barony  of  Strabane.  This  ^^ 
section  is  represented  as  generally  co%*eRd  with  «<oA 
but  free  from  bogs.  The  castle  of  "Toiiiic,*  bew«* 
Lough  Neagh  and  Lou^  Begg,  is  represented  tf  ii  * 
ruinous  or  decayed  state.  The  second  section  ii  A^ 
on  the  map  as  also  Teiy  moch  wooded^  with  kw 
patches  of  bog  in  the  Clandond  territorf. 


THE  LONDONERS  PLANTATION.  39 1 

balliboe ;  and  *l^  parts  of  a  balliboe  in  Ballydally ;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  besides  glebe  land.     Rent, 
5/.  6x.  8^. 

3.  The  small  proportion  called  Tirnafessy^  in  the  territory  of  Killetragh,  containing  the  lands 
>f  ToUmogame,  Tollimire,  Caines,  Rosinnaula,  Keile-Ibasky,  Donnoraughy,  Tirehanny,  Tirenefessy, 
fCnockadue,  Nadentagh,  Mo>Teskenan,  Carrowganah,  Tollitasan,  Cultrane,  Tirenrackan,  Nunne, 
^rossvarrey,  and  Tullavine,  each  one  balliboe ;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  besides  glebe  lands, 
[lent,  5/.  6 J.  %d. 

4.  The  great  proportion  called  Gortconra,  in  the  territory  of  Clandonnell,  and  containing  the 
ands  of  Knocknell,  Corlacky,  Dirla,  Slackmele,  Gronchan,  Ballitotry,  Cowlnagnow,  Liskatvill, 
Salmencaw,  Balmebeghy,  Moniserv^an,  Gortmarey,  Mahanegrellah,  Balememackry,  Gortconra,' 
Sallynekedine,  Taghvickanvey,  Killogolib,  Kilnamuck,  Aghfortlany,  Tirgaraly,  Ballinekillycarrow, 
3u!enady,  Timagerah,  Dungladdy,  Dromunick,  Derman,  Teadaw,  Lissegrott,  Monysellan, 
VIoyegney,  Moyekneck,  Lislea,  Monisteaghna,  and  Ballivickeekeitragh,  each  one  balliboe ;  and  '/, 
Mut  of  the  balliboe  of  Moygallo ;  in  all,  2,000  acres,  besides  glebe  land.     Rent,  10/.  ly.  4//. 

5.  The  small  proportion  called  Bally macrossy,  in  the  territory  of  the  Clandonnell,  and 
:ontaining  the  lands  of  Dromlagha,  Tiscarta,  Ballmahoun,  Laughtanogolan,  Galladowe,  Coulsie, 
Jallmecrassie,  Ballmadoregin,  Caragnagouse,  Monaghtolea,  Currin,  Taberhidy,  Ballmecabry, 
iallmaghorihi,  Tiracarnam,  Dromard,  Leimmeighry,  and  Moyagalle,  each  one  balliboe ;  in  all, 
,000  acres.     Rent,  5/.  6s,  Sd. 

6.  The  small  proportion  called  Moysadetiy  in  the  territory  of  Glankonkein,  and  containing  the 
ands  of  Tonnaghvore,  Donnagraven,  Ballmeclom,  Tobarmore,  Dromore,  Lawny,  Dromaraghy, 
]!onlaire,  Gortitawry,  Dromsanna,  Moysaden,  Culemoire,  Killitomny,  Cowjanamone,  and 
Cilnacring,  one  balliboe  each;  Cloghom,  one  balliboe  and  a  half:  the  half  of  the  balliboe  of 
)rombally  ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.     Rent,  5/.  6j.  %d, 

7.  The  small  proportion  called  Cynah,  in  Glanconkein,  and  containing  the  lands  of 
k>rtihorky,  Consaran,  Ballmegallan,  Cynagh,  Momisholm,  Lysanny,  Ballyngam,  Rosiare, 
Jallytannylour,  Gortmeren,  Torrigan,  Crannagh,  Lickmahary,  Vrackah,  and  Derryneskellan,  each 
•ne  balliboe  ;  I^anghell,  one  balliboe  and  a  half ;  Ya  parts  of  the  balliboe  of  Lislea ;  and  7a  of  the 
•alliboe  of  Drombally ;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  besides  glebe  land.     Rent,  5/.  6s,  Sd. 

8.  The  small  proportion  called  Cohoin,  in  the  territory  of  Glankonkein,  and  containing  the 
inds  of  Moylehaghie,  Ballmehounhighy,  Banchran,  Donagilleduff,  Laghtmesky,  Ballmelappagh, 
"onnagh,  Cohoire,  Dromohderigg,  Ballymadaulaght,  Dromegane,  Moychellan,  Rahmeigh, 
ionygroyan,  Ballydomedam,  Ballymebracky,  each  one  balliboe  ;  Vs  P^rt  of  the  balliboe  of  Lislea ; 
tallyroghan,  73  part  of  a  balliboe  ;  Moycherrin,  73  part  of  a  balliboe ;  Dromealegan,  73  part  of  a 
alliboe;  and  Tristeman,  '/j  part  of  a  balliboe;  in  all,  1,000  acres,  besides  glebe  land.  Rent, 
L  6x.  Zd, 

9.  The  small  proportion  called  Corramony^  in  the  territories  of  Glanconkeine  and  Clandonnell, 
tid  containing  the  lands  of  Ballyknock-Icleny,  Fillaley,  Culnesellah,  Falaglona,  Namroah,  Ballma- 
rcky,  Carely,  Dromballyagan,  Domituibrian,  Moybegg,  Corramony,  Clony,  Denynard,  and  Balmen- 


392 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


oure,  being  one  balliboe  each  ;  Mollyshanare,  two  balliboes  ;  Dromard,  Vj  P^rt  of  a  balliboe ;  in  ay 
I, GOO  acres,  besides  glebe  land.     Rent,  5/.  6s,  SJ, 

10.  The  small  proportion  called  Tyfassan^  containing  the  lands  of  Moyonnihim,  T)Tassan, 
Keibarna,  Lismony,  Tonnaghnore,  Derrichrorae,  and  Donnemaine,  being  one  balliboe  each ;  in  all, 
420  acres.     Rent,  2/.  4^.  ^d, 

11.  Also  lands  in  the  territory  of  Killetragh,  called  Cowbuffman,  Tollinogihy,  Cully,  Mo)'sada, 
I^raghcaraminick,  Tannagough,  and  TallaghgarafT,  one  balliboe  each  ;  in  all,  420  acres.  Rent,  H 
4s.  gd. 

12.  Also  lands  in  Killetragh  called  Ballyvolly,  Ballydroma,  Moynollin,  Ballyonougfa, 
Dromanare,  and  Ballioregle,  each  one  balliboe ;  Ballyoyellans,  two  balliboes ;  Ballicomile,  ud 
Ballyrousky,  one  balliboe  each;  and  '/j  part  of  Ballydally ;  in  all,  560  acres.     Rent,  2/.  19J.  8^. 

13.  The  great  proportion  called  BalUletrimy  in  the  territory  of  Tollagh  [Tamlaght],  and 
containing  the  lands  of  Cloneroine  and  Monistean,  being  one  balliboe  each ;  Ballemenoev,  two 
balliboes  ;  Ballyvickpeeke,  two  balliboes  ;  Ballgillthony,  Bally-Inallewey,  Ballyaghy,  Ballydronienev, 
Ballyhowlaght-Igane,  Keil-Ibary,  Ballydermody,  Balleletrim,  Nedanreagh,  Shanrallogh,  Taiu^- 
haran,'  Ballygonoher,  Tagmoraghy,  Anaghmore,  Ballykelis,  Aghageskan,  Bally heneire,  Magherifestj, 
Donnamony,  Tirmchisse,  and  Aghrine,  one  balliboe  each  ;  in  all,  2,500  acres,  besides  glebe  lands. 
Rent, 

14.  The  small  proportion  called  Lackahy  in  the  territories  of  Killetragh  and  Tomlagh,  and 
containing  the  lands  of  Ballycamekin,  Ballinckgillchony,  Killyfeddy,  Ballymogarig,  Ballycusanr, 
Lurgagullanamen,  and  Bally-Itany-Isart-Donan,  one  balliboe  each ;  Mollagbay,  tn'o  balliboes ; 
Lockagh,  Ballyterelon,  Drommagh,  Ballymagachew,  Ballyvickgingin,  and  DerrygarraiT,  being  one 
balliboe  each  ;  Moyelogh,  two  balliboes  ;  and  7*  part  of  Liscomare ;  in  all,  1,000  acres.  Rent,  5^ 
6s,  Sd. 

VIII. 
In  the  interval  between  the  date  of  the  articles  and  the  granting  of  the  charter  in  1613,  many 
arrangements  were  to  be  made  by  the  Government — the  most  important  and  difficult,  perhaps,  being 
to  clear  such  lands  in  the  vicinities  of  Derry  and  Coleraine  as  were  required  to  accommodate  ih^ 
new  to^vns  to  be  built  at  these  places.     In  1605,  Phillips  bought  from  Sir  James  Hamilton,  »h*' 
had  got  nearly  all  the  abbey  lands  in  Down  and  Antrim  (45),  the  site,  surroundings,  and  landed 


(45).  Dawn  and  Antrim. — Among  the  State  I'apcrs  is 
the  following,  which  shows  at  a  glance  how  these  lands 
had  been  disix)scd  of  throughout  the  two  counties  above- 
named  : — *•  Priory  of  Moylusk  [now  Malusk  in  Cam- 
money],  James  Hamilton.  Priory  of  Muckmaye  [Muika- 
more],  Ilercules  Langford.  Desart,  alias  Kells,  Arthur 
Chichester.  Priory  of  Ilolliwood,  James  Hamilton. 
Abbey  of  Bangor,  James  Hamilton.  Abbey  of  Black- 
abbey,  James  Hamilton.  Abbey  of  Moyville  [now  Mo- 
villa  J,  James  Hamilton  and  Hugh  Mungumery  [Mont- 
gomery]. Priory  of  Ncwtowne  [in  the  ArdsJ,  James 
Hamilton.  Abbey  of  Jugo  Dei  [or  Manister  Leigh, 
translated  Greyabb^y^^  James  Hamilton.  Priory  of 
Colraine,   Thomas  Phillips.     Abbey  of  Cumber,  James 


Hamilton.     Monasteiy  of  St.  Patrick  of  Down,  Ji 
Hamilton.     Priory  of  Inehe  in  Lecaell  [Lecalcl  }i 
Hamilton.     Rectory  of  Graange,  aiias  Colcgnn^ge,  tf^ 
the  town  and  water  of  Strangfonle,  James  Haw^ 
Rectories  of  Ballirickarde  and  Kilcole,  bclooflog  tolh' 
abbey  of  St  Thomas  and  John,  in  Down,  James  Hwl*' 
House  of  the  Monks  of  Downe,  James  liamiltoii.  H<^ 
of  the  Order  of  St  Francis,  James  Hamilton.  MousiiB* 
of  St  Patrick,  Inche,  Sawle,  and  Down,  James  Hsafli^ 
Church  of  Ballimonestragh,  James  Hamiltoo.    14  W* 
1610."    For  an  account  5[  thu  Sir  James  Hamiltoii^ 
was  created  Lord  Clannaboy,  see  the  HamiUm  MSS^ 
edited  by  T.  K.  Lowiy. 


J 


THE    LONDONERS     PLANTATION. 


393 


lad  belonged  to  the  old  monastery  of  Coleraine.  This,  however,  appeared  but  a 
olding  in  the  purchaser's  estimation,  although  he  had  got  it  supplemented  by  certain 
cings  there,  and  at  Derrj'.  He  aimed  at  having  a  large  estate  as  a  reward  for  his 
Crown,  and  on  the  flight  of  the  earls,  he  expected  that  the  day  of  his  good  fortune 
come,  modestly  requesting  that  he  might  be  rewarded  from  O'NeilFs  lands.^ 
Salisbur)%  from  Coleraine,  on  the  loth  of  May,  1608,  Phillips  "protests  that 
•rse  now  than  when  he  was  called  out  of  France.     This  place  [Coleraine]  wherein  he 

bought  with  his  own  money ;  and  all  the  land  belonging  to  it  [the  monastery]  is 
inds,  whereof  he  makes  no  more  than  15/.  by  the  year,  having  endeavoured  for  his 
and  for  his  Majesty's  service,  to  encourage  honest  men  to  dwell  near  unto  him. 
le  other  side  this  river,  directly  opposite  to  him,  the  ruined  walls  of  an  old  castle 
shot,  which  the  Lord  Deputy  has  purposed,  for  the  better  strength  of  this  place,  to 
ijesty  to  bestow  upon  him  [Phillips],  with  2,000  acres  of  land  now  in  his  Majesty's 

Lordship  [Salisbury]  that  3,000  or  4,000  acres  may  be  bestowed  on  him,  together 
uance  of  the  100  men  whom  he  now  has." 

as  was  destined,  however,  for  a  time,  to  experience  the  pain  of  hope  deferred, 
rvices  were  greatly  enhanced  soon  afterwards  during  the  revolt  of  O'Dogherty,  and 
his    removal    of   Sir  Donnell    Ballagh   O'Cahan    to    a    dungeon   in  Dublin.     Sir 

now  reasonably  expect  his  reward;  but  lo !  just  as  he  had  thus  cleared  O'Cahan's 
ich  he  had  set  his  heart,  the  Londoners  came  forward  to  blight  his  cherished  hopes. 

lost  that  may  be  in  danger.  He  was,  as  we  have  already  seen,  selected  by  the 
don,  as  the  most  competent  person  to  guide  and  instnict  them  in  their  negotiations 
2  and  avaricious  body  known  as  the  *City.*  Phillips  was  specially  required  to  virw 
itry  in  the  interests  of  the  King ;  and  probably  permitted,  at  the  same  time,  to  look 
some  such  portion  as  he  would  think  might  suit  himself  He  must  soon  surrender 
nds  east  of  the  Bann,  his  market  in  Coleraine,  his  ferries  on  the  river,  his  quarter  of 
monbacco  [128  acres]  adjoining  the  Derry,  and  even  his  pateht  to  make  aquavitat 

of  Coleraine  and  in  the  Route  (46).     The  Government  was  impressed  with  a 


'. — The  reader  may  see  several  grants  to 

lips  recorded  in  Erck's  Rep€rtory,   pp. 

5,  415,  477.     His  license  to  make  ^i^«^i- 

**on  the  20lh  of  Apriell,  1608,  for  the 

within  the  countie  of  Colrane,  other- 
ane's  countrey,  and  within  the  territorie 
in  Co.  Antrim."  The  following  is  the 
,  in  each  case,  for  granting  these  licenses 
jentry  to  manufacture  and  sell  what  we 
leir  several  districts: — **To  avoide  the 
\  other  ihinges  spent  and  consumed  in 
keinge  of  aquavita,  the  Act  of  3rd  and 
arie,  chap.  7,  was  passed  ;  which  enacts, 
should,  without  the  license  of  the  lord 

aquavite  within  Ireland,  upon  paine  of 
1  forfeiture  of  4/.  Irish,  for  every  such 
liety  whereof  to   go    to    the    Crowne, 


and  the  other  to  such  person  as  should  sue  for  same ; 
provided  said  acte  shall  not  extend  to  any  peers  or  gentle- 
men, dispendinge  to  his  owne  use,  in  landes  or  tenements, 
for  terme  of  life  or  inheritance,  10/.  sterlinge  by  the  yeerc, 
or  to  any  freeman  dwellinge  in  any  cittic  or  borough  towne, 
that  is  charged  with  burgesses  to  parliamente,  who  shall 
make  aquavitae  for  their  owne  expenses  onlie.  But,  as 
said  acte  hath  not  taken  soe  good  effect  as  was  intended, 
for  want  of  sufficient  care  and  diligence  to  see  the  same 
well  and  truelie  executed,  the  mischiefe  was  not  yet  reme- 
died ;  but  aquavitae  was  day  lie  made  in  abundanceby  all 
manner  of  persons,  contrarie  to  the  profitable  intention  of 
such  lawe,  to  the  greate  wastinge  and  consuminge  of 
come,  graine,  and  other  necessaries  spent  in  makeinge 
thereof,  and  to  the  hurt  and  prejudice  of  the  conunon- 
wealth.  Forasmuch,  therefore,  as  the  restrajminge  of  the 
makeinge  aquavitae  into  the  handes  of  a  fewe  persons  will 


394  'T^^    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

due  sense  of  the  value  of  his  services  on  many  occasions,  and  was  prepared  to  acknowled^^ 
them  when  a  suitable  opportunity  could  be  found.  Phillips  very  soon  found  it;  for  havter 
carefully  viewed  0'Cahan*s  *  fruitful  country/  he  lighted  on  two  spots  of  the  best  land  in  kr 
whole  extent,  and  situated  on  its  opposite  boundaries.  These  spots  are  now  known  as  the  landk 
surrounding  Limavaddy  and  Castledawson — Sir  Thomas  modestly  representing  the  latter  as  a 
comparative  marsh  or  swamp,  and  the  other  as  fitted  to  answer  the  purposes  only  of  a  hoise  park ! 
Besides,  he  represented  these  lands,  upon  which  he  had  placed  his  affections,  as  much  smaller  in 
quantity  or  extent  than  they  really  were,  else  they  had  expanded  very  considerably  soon  after  he 
obtained  legal  possession  of  the  same.  The  lands  had  been  promised  to  him,  or  nominaDj 
granted  by  the  King,  prior  to  the  bargain  with  the  Londoners,  so  that  the  latter  were  required  to 
acknowledge  this  compact,  and  afterwards  to  confirm  it  by  a  grant  from  the  governor  of  their 
Company,  in  1 6 1 2.  Phillips's  property,  therefore,  was  excepted  from  the  grant  made  to  the  Londonen 
in  March,  1613,  and  did  not  appear  at  all  in  the  survey  which  required  to  be  made  when  they  were 
about  to  divide  their  lands  into  twelve  proportions  for  the  twelve  leading  companies.  The  grant 
to  Sir  Thomas  is  described  as  being  from  the  King,  although  the  lands  are  conveyed  by  the 
Society.  It  specifies  first,  that  portion  of  the  grantee's  estate  which  lay  in  the  barony  of 
r^ughinshollin,  then  belonging  to  Tyrone,  and  which  portion  included  the  towns  and  lands  of 
"Mayola,  Taunarran,  I^ytriem,  Derrey,  Garran,  Ballm<=quiggin,  Shanmullagh,  and  Amaghmore  other* 
wise  Dromroscome."  By  much  the  larger  portion,  however,  lay  in  the  county  of  Coleraine,  and  its 
several  denominations  therein  are  recited  in  the  grant,  as  follows  : — "  The  castle  of  Lymovade,  the 
town  of  Lymovade,  and  the  ballibetaghs,  balliboe^  quarters,  and  townlands  of  Gortney, 
Hanemagh,  Coulasson,  Killeyane,  Rathbridebegg,  Rathbridemore,  Derreymore,  Derre}Tnoyle,  and 
Ballyne-Cluose,  a  half  balliboe,  all  being  within  the  ballibetagh  of  Rathbride ;  the  quarter  of 
Mallegene-Crosse,  containing  the  balliboes  or  townlands  of  Ballymore,  Ballemaenagh,  Bosbea, 
with  Mullagh  othenvise  Cavenmore,  and  the  chapel  built  thereon  ;  the  quarter  of  Ballyquin,  in  the 
ballibetagh  of  Ballefoercula,  containing  the  townlands  of  Ballyquin,  Claggin  otbcrwe 
Ballinekillie,  Carrick,  Tereo,  and  Dremon ;  the  ballibetagh  of  Ballym^morough  otherwise  Moyioit 
containing  the  townlands  of  Loman,  Drom,  Balledonaghy,  Ardnerigall,  Comed;;ale,  Bamealleig^ 
Backavickin  otherwise  Ballemcrannah,  Came-Clara,  Carnereagh,  Carnevainought  otherwise 
Mcnagh-Carnc,  Nemodoule,  Crinnell,  Ballehynerj'e,  and  Ballanaghcrosse  or  Culmoie;  the 
ballibetagh  of  Ballefallaghan,  containing  the  townlands  of  Ballemaghermore,  BallemynaiBf 
otherwise  Menarag,  Larginroe,  Tawlegrone,  Drommore,  Corbarragh,  Sustraghan.  Dromgi^Ja*' 
Coalemore,  Claggin,  Tatnessellagh,  Moyghmore,  and  Moyghbegg.  All  which  premises  ttft 
conveyed  to  him  by  deed,  26  September,  161 2,  by  William  Cockayne  (47),  alderman  of  LoodA 

l>c  ti  cause  of  Icssc  use  thereof,  than  if  otherwise  it  were      tinguished  among  his  own  class  as  the  bead  or  chief  rf* 
free  for  all  men  to  make  the  same  at  their  will  and  pica-       association  then  established,  called  the  New  ConpflV* 


sure,  the  above  licence  was  granted."     See  Erck*s  Repn'-       Merchant  Adventurers.     I'his  company,  Iqr  wtyofnipi 
tory^  p.  409.  ing  its  operations,  and  starting  under  the  mistiest  ■■^■■'A 


(47).   CW>6dr)';f^.— This  William  Cockayne,  or  Cockainc,       entertained  the  Kingatagreat  banquet,  in Luckame tl 
was  a  well-known  London  merchant,  sheriff  in  1609,  and       on  the  29th  of  June,  in  tbe  year  above  named.  '^^^^ 
soon  afterwards  elected  an  alderman,     lie  was  much  dis-       1626,  and  Dr.  Donne  preached  his tunenlocatioB.  ^fW 


THE  LONDONERS  PLANTATION. 


395 


d  the  other  commissioners  of  plantation  for  the  said  city,  in  the  province  of  Ulster. 
1  Colraine  county  are  created  the  manor  of  Lymovade,  with  500  acres  in  demesne ; 
;ate  tenures,  to  hold  court  barons  and  leet.     Rent,  six  shillings  per  annum.     To  hold 

the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  common  socage,  30  December,  loth"  [161 2].     Such  then, 
ms  which  Phillips  obtained,  but  they  do  not  appear  to  have  reconciled  him  to  the 

the  Londoners  on  lands  which  he  had  previously  regarded  as  all  but  his  o^vn. 
tt  important  case  of  clearing,  as  preparatory  to  the  Londoners'  plantation,  was  that  in 
andal  Macdonnell  was  the  obstacle  requiring  to  be. removed  from  a  very  important 
s  estate.     The  Government  was  able  at  first  to  offer  only  1,000  acres  on  the  eastern  or 

of  the  Bann,  for  the  use  or  accommodation  of  the  new  town  about  to  be  built  at 
wo  thousand  more  could  have  been  supplied  on  the  western  side  of  the  river,  and  thus 
required,  it  was  supposed,  might  have  been  made  up  without  the  necessity  of  any 
ance  than  had  been  decided  on  in  the  case  of  the  four  townlands  surrendered  by 
It  the  Londoners  having  been  permitted  to  build  their  new  town  on  the  eastern  bank, 
i  town  stood,  would  only  consent  to  take  the  whole  3,000  acres  on  the  Antrim  side,  and 
rovcrnment  was  obliged  to  enter  into  negotiations  with  Sir  Randal,  for  2,000  acres  of 
The  latter  was  thus  suddenly  called  on  to  surrender  one  of  the  best  portions  of  his 
1  had  to  incur  very  serious  inconvenience  and  trouble  in  removing  some  of  his  tenants  to 
;s.  His  readiness  to  yield,  however,  was  very  graciously  and  substantially  acknow- 
5  King  and  council,  as  it  enabled  them  to  have  the  matter  expeditiously  arranged. 
\f,  1 610,  Sir  Randal  received  a  summons  from  London  to  go  there  without  delay,  as 
was  essential  in  the  settlement  of  this  affair.  By  the  same  post,  Chichester  received  a 
nee  for  Sir  Randal  to  leave  Ireland  for  a  time ;  and  on  giving  him  this  licence,  the 
ipanied  it  with  the  following  friendly  communication — friendly,  considering  the  relations 
viously  existed  between  himself  and  the  Lord  of  Dunluce  (48) : — "  Has  received  his 
letter  for  licence  to  the  bearer.  Sir  Randal  McDonnell,  to  make  his  repair  thither,  to 
:pectations  of  some  of  his  friends  who  wished  to  have  him  there  at  this  time,  to  make 


,  he  left  two  sons,  Charles  and  William, 
n  was  elevated  to  the  peerage  of  Ireland 
title  of  Viscount  Cullen.  Alderman  Sir 
ne's  daughters  made  distinguished  marriage 
7',  married  Charles  Howard,  the  second 
ham  ;  Annd  married  Sir  Hatton  Fermor 
Northamptonshire  ;  Martha  married,  first, 
i^x\  of  Holderness,  and  secondly,  Montagu 
^indsey  ;  Elizabeth  married,  first,  Thomas 
hawe,  and  secondly,  Sir  Thomas  Rich, 
g,  in  Berkshire  ;  and -4 /'/]^j»7 married  John 
)over.  By  the  death  of  Borlase  Cockaine, 
illen,  in  July,  1 813,  the  title  became  extinct. 
xtittct  Pc'cragff  p.  126).  In  the  'Funeral 
Sir  \Vm.  Cockayne,  it  is  stated,  that  he 
mortall  life  at  his  house  at  Combe  Nevill, 
1  Oct.,  J 626,  and  was  from  thence  con- 
ouse  in  Broadstreete,  in  the  parish  of  St. 
e,   London,  where  his  funerall  was  most 


worshipfullie  solemnised,  proceeding  from  thence  on 
Tuesday,  the  1 2th  day  of  December,  1626,  to  the  cathedrall 
Church  of  St.  Paul,  in  London,  and  there  after  his  funerall 
rites  and  obsequies  were  performed,  he  was  interred  in 
Isle  on  the  south  side  of  the  Quier.  There  were  borne 
in  the  proceeding  of  his  funerall  a  standard  and  eight 
penons,  viz.,  a  penon  of  his  owne  coate  impaled  with  his 
wife's,  a  penon  of  the  armes  of  the  Company  of  Skynners, 
a  penon  of  the  armes  of  the  cittie  of  London,  a  penon  of 
the  armes  of  the  Merchaunts  Adventurers,  a  penon  of  the 
armes  of  the  East  India  Merchaunts,  a  nenon  of  the  East- 
land Merchants*  armes,  and  a  penon  ol  the  armes  of  the 
Muscovia  Merchaunts  ;  and  he  was  buried  with  a  stand- 
ing hearse. "  See  Nichol's  History  of  the  Ironmongers' 
Company^  p.  528. 

(48).  Duniuee, — The  previously  very  unpleasant  rela- 
tions existing  between  these  two  knights — Chichester  and 
Macdonnell — are  pretty  fully  stated  in  chapter  v.  of  Hill's 
Historical  Account  of  the  Macdonnells  of  Antrim, 


396 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


his  own  agreement  the  better  with  the  Londoners  for  a  great  scope  of  his  land  which  thej  reqoiie 
to  be  laid  on  that  side  of  the  river,  to  the  town  of  Coleraine.  Their  demand  is  very  great,  and  it 
is  for  the  best  and  most  useful  land  he  has,  considering  the  site  thereof  and  nearness  to  the  nev 
town ;  whereof  it  concerns  him  very  much  to  have  his  [Salisbury's]  favour  therein,  both  for  the 
reasonable  quantity  of  land  to  be  assigned,  and  for  the  consideration  which  is  to  be  given  him  for 
it.  It  may  much  import  the  furtherance  of  this  summer's  intended  plantation  in  that  part,  to  hare 
him  returned  back  again  with  expedition,  and  with  all  lawful  favour.     Dublin,  15  May,  i6ia" 

How  much  the  Londoners  were  required  to  pay  on  this  occasion  we  are  unable  to  detennioe, 
but  there  is  evidence  of  a  very  important  boon  conferred  by  the  Government  on  Sir  Randal,  which 
appears,  however,  to  have  been  granted  not  so  much  as  an  actual  compensation  for  the  land 
surrendered  by  him,  as  an  acknowledgment  of  the  loyalty  with  which  he  relieved  the  King  and 
council  in  a  difficulty,  and,  at  the  same  time,  thus  greatly  facilitated  the  work  of  plantatioiL 
However  this  may  be,  there  is  an  indenture  (the  counterpart  is  still  preserved  among  the  family 
papers  at  Glenarm  castle)  between  the  lords  of  council  on  behalf  of  the  King  of  the  one  put,  and 
Sir  Randal,  of  the  other  part,  relating  to  this  special  subject,  bearing  date  July  it,  i6io,aiid 
containing  the  autographs  of  Salisbury,  Northampton,  Suffolk,  Shrewsbury,  Worcester,  and  the 
other  members  of  the  council.  This  document  recites  that  Sir  Randal  had  consented  to  suneoder 
nine  townlands,  each  containing  about  200  acres,  or  thereabouts,  ''  in  furtherance  of  his  Blajesty's 
service  in  the  plantation  of  Ulster, '^  and  promises,  in  return,  a  re-grant  of  his  estates  for  half  the 
original  rent,  a  smaller  number  of  foot  soldiers  at  every  rising  out  than  that  specified  in  Sir 
RahdaFs  first  patent  of  1603,  and  only  one  cast  of  falcons^  instead  of  all  the  hawks  bred  on  his 
estate,  which  he  had  been  previously  bound  to  supply  (49).     The  indenture  binds  Sir  Randal  to 


(49).  Bound  to  supply. — The  terms  of  the  original 
patent  to  Sir  Randal  were,  in  this  particular,  rather  un- 
reasonable. Hawks  built  their  nests  at  several  points 
along  the  Antrim  clifTs  from  Caimcastle  to  Dunluce, 
and  very  plentifully  on  the  coasts  of  Rathlin ;  but 
crecdy  as  the  King  and  many  of  the  court  nobles  were 
lor  peregrine  falcons  from  these  eyries,  they  could  hardly 
expect  that  all  the  birds  would  be  collected  and  sent  to 
London,  as  the  first  Antrim  patent  demanded.  The  fol- 
lowing letter  from  the  King  to  one  of  his  Scottish  sub- 
jects, Fraser  of  Philorth,  and  dated  at  Perth,  in  March, 
'597»  ^s  ^  curious  illustration  of  the  writer's  beggarly 
nature  even  in  small  things: — "Hearing  that  ye  nave 
ane  gyre-falcon,  whilk  is  esteemed  the  best  hawk  in  all 
that  country,  and  meetest  for  us  that  have  sae  guid  liking 
of  that  pastime  [hawking] ;  we  have,  therefore,  taken 
occasion  cflfectuously  to  rcquccsl  and  desire  you,  seeing 
hawks  are  but  gifting  geir,  and  nae  otherwise  to  be  ac- 
counted betwix  us  and  you,  being  sae  weel  acquainted, 
that  of  courtesy  ye  will  bestow  on  us  that  goshawk,  and  send 
her  here  to  us  with  this  bearer,  our  servant,  whom  we  have 
on  this  errand  directed  to  bring  and  carry  her  tenderly. 
Wherein,  as  he  sail  report  our  hearty  and  speciall  thanks, 
sae  sail  ye  find  us  ready  to  requite  your  courtesy  and 
goodwill  with  nae  less  pleasure  in  any  the  like  gates 
[ways]  as  occasion  sail  present."  On  the  21st  of  Jan., 
1606,  the  Earl  of  Errol  wrote  from  Perth  to  the  King, 


promising,  in  compliance  with  a  command  jut  reoeiied. 
to  be  '*  careful  to  provide  ane  tercel  [male  nawk]fcrthe 
hawk  of  Foulsheuch  [a  cliff  near  Stonefaavenl  and  to  be 
answerable  to  your  Majesty  for  the  same,  in  cue  tbe  aU 
tercel  be  deid.  Your  majesty's  mongrel  ialcoo,  «Uk  I 
have,  sould  have  been  at  your  hieness  lang  or  now,  btf 
that  as  my  falconer  was  ready  to  tak  his  jooney,  ibe 
contracted  ane  disease,  wherewith  he  dunt  not  advesV 
to  travel  her,  in  respect  of  the  ^reat  frosts  and  stoifl&  I 
will  be  answerable  to  your  Majesty  that  she  has  bees  is 
nae  ways  stressed,  but  as  well  treated  as  any  hawk  cfloU 
be.  Naither  sail  your  majesty  suspect  that  I  have  ictdtf 
her  for  my  owne  pleasure,  whilk,  I  sd!  never  compaieii 
the  greatest  thing  whatsoever  with  your  Majesty's  menetf 
contentment,  nor  am  I  able,  as  yet,  even  at  this  pccKti* 
to  travel  upon  the  fields  for  my  game.  Albeit,  hov  «Mi 
it  sail  be  possible  that  the  hawk  may  in  any  sort  be 
travellit,  she  sail  be  at  your  majesty  with  all  dU^caoCi 
She  had  the  same  sickness  the  last  year,  in  this  an> 
season,  and  was  not  free  of  it  till  near  March."  St 
anxious,  indeed,  was  the  King  to  know  the  fric  d  tht 
'  auld  tercel  of  Foulsheuch,*  that  he  wrote  to  the  &>l 
of  Mar  also  on  the  matter,  and  this  nobleman  replied  • 


the  same  date  with  Lord  Errol,  aaarin^  the  ■^'^ 
that  he  would  eive  all  due  attention  to  his  uqoiriai  "1 


cannot,  as  yet,    says  Mar,  "  certiff  your  Muoty 

he  be  alive  or  not»  but  within  few  dayiy  I  mA^  I  alf* 


J 


THE    LONDONERS     PLANTATION.  3^7 

have  the  nine  townlands  cleared  of  all  the  tenants,  whether  freeholders  or  leaseholders,  with  their 
&inilies,  goods,  and  chattels,  on  or  before  the  ist  of  All  Saints  (November)  following,  Sir  Randal 
further  pledging  himself  before  this  date  to  have  such  freeholders  and  leaseholders  provided  with 
Other  lands  of  equal  value,  at  the  same  rents,  and  in  places  equally  convenient.  These  displaced 
tenants  were  also  to  have  the  liberty  of  selecting  their  own  localities  throughout  Sir  Randal's 
"  countries"  or  territories,  on  such  lands  as  were  not  yet  occupied.  The  nine  townlands,  thus 
surrendered,  yielded  Sir  Randal  a  rent  of  just  j£i  2  per  annum,  which  was  a  very  small  amount 
indeed,  even  making  allowance  for  the  then  much  greater  value  of  money  than  at  the  present  time. 

Six  days  after  the  date  of  this  indenture,  or  on  the  17th  July,  the  King  wrote  to  Chichester, 
ordering  a  reduction  of  Sir  Randal's  rent  in  consequence  of  his  surrender  of  nine  townlands  between 
the  Boyes  [Bush]  and  the  Bann,  next  adjoining  Coleraine,  on  each  side  in  Antrim  county ;  also  a 
re-grant  to  him  of  his  estates,  embodying  this  and  other  smaller  advantages  to  the  grantee.  On  the 
i9th  of  Nov.,  and  when  the  nine  townlands  were  cleared,  he  formally  surrendered  them,  receiving, 
on  the  nth  of  Dec,  a  re-grant  of  his  entire  estates,  the  grounds  of  which,  together  with  the  terms 
contained  therein,  are  explained  in  the  Patent  Rolls,  as  follows  : — "  By  a  deed  made  between  the 
lords  of  the  privy  council  in  England,  on  the  King's  behalf,  and  Sir  Randall  McDonell,  dated  1 1 
July,  1 6 10,  he  agreed  to  surrender  to  the  Crown  nine  townlands  in  the  tuogh  between  Boyeis  and 
the  Bann,  next  adjoining  to  Colrane,  on  each  side  [of  the  town]  in  Antrim  county,  each  townland 
to  contain  240  acres,  or  thereabouts ;  in  consideration  of  which,  the  King  by  a  letter,  dated  1 7 
July,  16 16,  directed  that  the  one  half  or  moiety  of  the  160  beeves,  or  160/.  reserved  to  the  Crown 
on  his  former  patents  for  his  estate,  should  be  abated  forever,  with  the  remittal  also  of  4  horsemen  ; 
so  that  the  whole  future  rent  should  be  80/.  English,  and  no  beeves  ;  two  falcons ;  and  the  rising 
out  of  20  horsemen  and  116  footmen.  Accordingly,  29  November,  16 10,  he  surrendered  the  nine 
townlands  of  Tollanekillie,  Croteightragh,  Crotoughtragh,  Balligerton,  Dromuechally,  Ballebochellj 
Dondowanebegg,  Dondowanemore,  and  Ballemolaghan ;  also  the  moiety  of  the  townland  of 
Ballisalie  next  Colraine,  and  a  parcel  called  the  Spittal,  containing  the  4th  part  of  a  townland ;  and 
a  new  grant  of  the  estate  was  thereupon  passed  to  him,  pursuant  to  the  aforesaid  King's  letter. 
II  December,  8th"  fi6io].  It  thus  appears  that  the  nine  townlands  above-named  did  not  contain 
the  required  amount  of  2,000  acres,  and  that,  therefore,  the  half  of  Ballysally  and  the  50  acres 
called  Spittal  were  added  to  make  up  the  full  quantity. 

The  next  important  case  of  clearance  to  be  made,  as  preparatory  to  the  advent  of  the 
Londoners,  was  one  which  affected  Chichester  himself,  and  in  which  he  was  required  to  surrender 
certain  very  valuable  fishings,  together  with  300  acres  of  land.  The  fishings  were  those  of  the 
Bann,  Culmore,  and  the  Derrie ;  the  land  was  that  set  apart  for  the  castle  of  Culmore,  the 
constableship  of  which  had  been  granted  to  Chichester  for  life.  By  far  the  most  important  of  these 
possessions,  however,  were  his  fisheries  of  salmon  and  eels  in  the  Bann,  which  after  the  flight  of 

lear  to  get  the  certainty  that  may  be  had  on  so  onccrtain  crowned  and  coronetted  heads  were  thus  so  puzzled  and 
i  matter."  May  not  "the  auld  tercel  of  Foulsheuch"  anxious  on  his  account!  See ChsimbtTs*  Dames/u  Annals 
lavc  been  proud— provided  he  still  lived — to  know  that       of  Scotland ,  vol.  i.,  pp.  3^1,  392, 


398  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

the  earls,  he  was  able,  with  much  manoeuvering  and  a  small  outlay,  to  get  almost  exclusively 
himself.     Chichester  and  Sir  James  Hamilton  appear  to  have  played  into  each  other's  hands 
this  business,  very  quietly  but  quickly  clearing  the  river  from  I^ughneagh  to  the  sea  of  all  otb^y 
minor  plotters  against  its  salmon  and  eels.     Hamilton  opened  the  campaign  on  the  Bann  modescA' 
enough,  by  accepting  a  patent,  on  the  20th  July,  1605,  of  one  free  fishing,  every  Monday  next 
after  St.  John  the  Baptist's  Day — on  which  day  all  the  fish  taken  in  the  river  had  belonged  to  the 
priory  of  Coleraine  before  the  time  of  its  dissolution,  together  with  one  salmon  each  day  during  the 
fishing  season,  from  every  fisherman  fishing  in  these  waters.      This  little  initiative  step  no  douU 
opened  the  grantee's  eyes  to  the  importance  of  taking  another  and  a  longer  one,  for  in  the  same 
year,  and  indeed  in  the  same  month,  Hamilton  obtained  a  second  grant,  which  conveyed  to  him 
the  entire  fishings  of  Lough  Neagh  and  of  the  Bann  as  far  as  the  Salmon  Leap  near  Coleraine.   \ 
few  months  subsequently  to  the  dates  of  these  grants,  on  the  2nd  of  March,  1605-6,  John  Wakcman 
of  Beckford,  in  the  county  of  Gloucester,  esquire,  got  possession,  also  by  grant  from  the  Crown 
(and  as  a  trustee  of  Mountjoy  Earl  of  Devonshire)  of  the  fishings  in  the  river,  from  the  Salmon 
Leap  to  the  sea ;  and  on  the  next  day,  March  3  (as  that  earl  was  not  then  expected  to  sunivt 
many  weeks)  Wakeman  sold  this  grant  to  Hamilton ;  so  that  the  latter  had  then  the  entire  fishings 
of  the  lough,  and  of  river,  along  its  whole  course  to  the  sea.     This  lucky  "  discoverer,"  by  thai 
time  was  beginning  to  confine  his  operations  more  exclusively  to  the  county  of  Down;  and 
therefore,  he  sold  to  Chichester,  on  the  loth  of  April,  1606,  the  whole  fishings  of  eel  and  salmon 
in  the  Bann,  from  the  lough  to  the  Leap  at  Coleraine.     On  the  14th  of  May,  in  the  same  >'ear,  he 
also  sold  to  Chichester  the  one  half  of  the  fishings  in  Lough  Neagh. 

Before  Chichester  had  got  these  fishings  to  himself  he  adopted  some  course  respecting  then 
which  proved  displeasing  to  the  Government,  the  nature  of  which,  however,  we  are  unable  to  stale. 
Whilst  the  following  letter  from  himself  to  Salisbury  clearly  attests  the  existence  of  a  *  difficult/ 00 
this  point,  it  is  specially  interesting  as  throwing  some  new  light  on  the  movements  of  several 
persons  concerned  in  these  fishings  : — "  His  [Salisbury's]  letters,  mentioning  his  dislike  of  the 
grant  passed  of  the  fishing  of  the  Ban,  came  to  him  [Chichester]  on  the  20th  of  this  instant, « 
they  have  not  had  a  passage  thence  these  nine  weeks.  Soon  afler  he  came  here,  he  recei^td 
instructions  from  the  Earl  of  Devonshire  to  pass  the  fishing  to  one  John  Wakeman,  upon  a  book  0^ 
fee-simple  given  him  by  the  King.  But,  as  he  understood  that  the  grant  would  discontent  the  Eari 
of  Tyrone  [then  restored  to  his  estates],  who  pretended  title  to  a  moiety  thereof,  and  Sir  Randall 
McDonnell,  who  demanded  a  quarter,  had  so  provided  that  the  earl  should  have  the  moiety  for  4® 
years*  purchase  by  assignment  from  Wakeman ;  he  afterwards  gave  no  opposition  to  the  grant 
which  was  then  in  lease  for  2 1  years,  though  not  a  penny  of  the  rent  had  been  paid  into  tht 
exchequer  for  many  years  preceding.  But,  as  he  takes  it,  the  lord  lieutenant  [Devonshire]  Hn^ 
before  the  sealing  of  the  patent,  and  Mr.  James  Hamilton  [not  then  knighted]  had  boo^  ^ 
remainder^  of  the  book,  together  with  that  particular,  to  the  passing  whereof  he  [Chichester]  woi*' 
not  condescend  until  he  promised  to  pass  the  moiety  to  the  said  earl  [Tyrone]  for  200L  Eo^'* 
whereupon  it  passed  the  seal.     Knows  not  whether  Mr.  Hamilton  passed  a  conveyanoe  thereof  ^ 


THE    LONDONERS     PLANTATION.  399 

e  earl  before  his  departure  [Tyrone's  flight]  hence,  but  is  sure  the  earl  had  it  in  his  possession  at 
e  time  of  his  departure ;  which  will  appear  by  the  case  which  was  drawn  up  before  the  receipt  of 
s  [Salisbur)']  letters,  and  will  be  sent  by  Mr.  Treasurer  [Sir  Thomas  Ridgeway],  whose  dispatch 
ill  be  finished  in  seven  days ;  and  if  any  direction  shall  come  to  him  concerning  the  said  fishings, 
i  will  forbear  to  put  the  contents  thereof  in  execution  as  he  requires.  He  [Chichester]  is  ill 
ought  of  here  by  some  who  have  books,  for  refusing  to  subscribe  to  such  particulars  as  they  bring, 
he  finds  them  prejudicial  to  the  King  and  the  Church.  It  seems  he  is  thought  by  some  too 
)en-handed,  for  he  conceives  by  his  [Salisbury's]  letters  that  some  ill  tale  has  been  told  concerning 
is  particular  (50).     Castle  of  Dublin,  23  January,  1609."     See  p.  100. 

Although  the  deputy  seems  to  have  had  much  trouble  with  these  fishings,  both  before  and 
ter  he  got  them  into  his  own  possession,  he  was  not  permitted  to  hold  them  longer  than  about 
ur  years.  The  Londoners  looked  greedily  upon  them  as  belonging  to  their  own  estates,  and  to 
icourage  the  Londoners  was  then  considered  a  specially  patriotic  duty.  Chichester,  therefore, 
Id  and  surrendered  his  fishings  in  the  Bann,  and  on  the  shores  of  Loughfoyle,  during  the  summer 
16 10,  but  the  agreement  between  him  and  the  King  was  not  formally  signed  until  the  3rd  of 
pril,  161 1.  In  the  interval,  the  King  made  arrangements  with  Sir  James  Hamilton  for  his  title 
id  interest  in  the  fishings  of  Loughncagh  and  Loughfoyle,  ordering  the  exchequer  to  pay  him 
ooo/.  *  in  addition  to  other  monies  paid  to  him.'  These  transactions  are  recorded  in  the  Patent 
oils,  as  follows: — "Deed,  dated  3  April,  161 1,  between  Sir  Arthur  Chichester,  knight.  Lord 
eputy  of  Ireland,  and  the  King,  stating,  that  whereas  Sir  James  Hamilton,  knight,  by  deed, 
ited  10  April,  1606,  sold  to  Sir  Arthur  and  his  heirs,  among  other  things,  the  fishing  of  the  river 
'  the  Bann,  between  Lough-Sidney  [Lough  Neagh],  and  the  salmon-leap,  the  ground  and  soil  of 
le  said  river,  and  the  old  eel-weirs,  near  Castletoome,  at  a  crown  rent  of  12s.  6d,  Irish, 
hich,  with  other  things,  had  been  granted  to  the  said  Hamilton  by  patent,  dated  20  July,  1605  ; 
nd  whereas  the  said  Hamilton,  by  deed,  dated  14  May,  1606,  likewise  sold  to  Sir  A^rthur  and  his 
eirs,  the  moiety  of  that  part  which  he  had  of  the  fishing  of  the  Banne,  from  the  rock  called  the 
t/mon-leap  to  the  main  sea,  with  the  soil  and  ground,  weirs  and  fishing  places  within  the  said 
nits;  and  whereas  the  King  had  granted  to  Sir  Arthur  for  life  the  castle  of  Culmore  in  Donegal 
unty,  with  300  acres  of  land  adjoining,  and  by  another  patent  had  granted  to  him  and  his  heirs, 
long  other  things,  the  salmon-fishing  of  Culmore  and  of  the  Derrie,  or  one  of  them.  Sir  Arthur, 
this  indenture,  for  the  sum  of  550/.  English,  paid  to  him  by  Sir  James  Hamilton,  in  behalf  of 
-  King,  who  had  given  satisfaction  to  the  said  Sir  James  Hamilton  for  the  whole  fishing  of  the 
r^n,  surrendered  to  the  King  the  aforementioned  castle  of  Culmore,  the  fishings  and  premises, 
^  a  covenant  to  levy  a  fine  or  fines  thereof  within  two  years." 

But  the  process  of  clearing,  or  making  smooth  the  Londoners'  path,  was  not  yet  completed ; 

50).   TJiis  particular. — The  misunderstanding  above  lands   in    Ulster.      Has  set   down   some  exceptions   to 

•>Ted  to  must  have  arisen  somehow  in  connection  with  Wakeman's  patent  of  the  fishing  of  the  Ban,  which  was 

"Neman's  grant.     The  Chief  Justice,   Sir   llumphrie  not  down  at  Brst,  but  has  since  been  added.  Mr.  Attorney 

^che,  when  writing  to  Salisbury  on  the  1 8th  of  Feb.,  brings  the  true  copy  of  Wakeman's  grant,  and  the  letter 

^-10,  states  that  he  "sent  a  copy  of  the  declaration  which  should  warrant  the  patent." 
'■^fn  out  concerning  the  King's  titles  to  the  escheated 


400 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


for  other  cases — of  minor  importance,  indeed — yet  not  less  troublesome  on  that  account^  caUed  l<^ 
the  prompt  and  unremitting  attention  of  the  authorities.     These  minor  cases  all  clustered  thei^ 
selves  in  and  around  the  Derry,  their  very  proximity  to  each  other  often  causing  additional  troub^ 
and  delay  in  their  arrangement.     There  had  existed  several  religious  houses  {51)  in  the  localZr^ 
known  as  the  island  of  Derry,  each  with  its  quota  of  landed  property  in  fee;  but  after  ^j^ 
Dissolution,  these  lands  were  scattered  about  among  many  tenants,  who  now  required  to  b^ 
comixjunded  with  by  the  Government  before  the  I-,ondoners  could  obtain  legal  possession.    Among 
these  tenants  stood  prominently  fom-ard,  of  course,  the  protestant  bishop  and  dean  of  Deny,  who 
held  valuable  portions  of  land  in  virtue  of  their  position  in  the  Church.     The  bishop,  according  to 
an   inquisition   of   the  ist  of  September,    1609,   possessed  a  house  with   a    large  garden  plot, 
situated  on  the' south  side  of  the  cathedral  church  near  the  long  tower,  in  the  island  of  Deny;  an 
orchard  or  park,  lying  on  the  east  side  of  the  great  fort  in  the  said  island  of  Derry,  for  which  he 
paid  ten  white  groats  yearly  to  a  herenagh  named  Laghlin ;  the  quarter  land  called  Craggen  and 
Druminwong,  with  the  half  quarter  of  Camegloch,  all  lying  on  the  north  side  of  the  bog  adjoining 


(51).  Rfii^^'ous  houses. — The  island  of  the  l^errj'  was 
occupied  in  early  times  by  buildings  exclusively  of  an 
ecclesiastical  character,  but  of  these  structures  not  a 
vestijje  now  remains.  The  most  venerated  among  them 
was  the  church  of  St.  Columba,  the  original  position  and 
form  of  which  are  described  by  0*Donnell,  a  prince  of 
Tirconnell,  who,  in  his  days  of  seclusion,  wrote  a  life  of 
the  saint,  about  the  year  1520,  when  his  church,  although 
then  in  ruins,  was  still  to  be  seen  at  Derry.  Referring  to 
the  locality  of  this  ancient  building,  O'Donnell  says  : — 
**  Many  other  signs  and  miracles  were  wrought  by  this 
servant  of  Christ  [St.  Columba]  in  the  same  place,  in 
which  he  himself  dwelt  for  a  long  time,  and  which  he 
loved  above  every  other  ;  and  particularly  that  beautiful 
grove  [Doire,  *the  dense  oak  wood']  very  near  the 
monastery  of  Derry,  which  [the  grove]  he  wished  should 
be  always  left  standing."  Next  to  St.  Columb's  church 
in  importance  was  that  other  adjoining  it,  and  known  as 
Temple  More^  or  the  Cathedral  Church,  erected  in  1164. 
The  Annals  of  Ulster  inform  us  that  Temple  More  was 
90  feet  in  length,  and  that  the  principal  front  and  comer 
stones  employed  in  its  erection  were  prepared  in  forty 
days.  **niese  two  churches,  with  the  accompanying 
buildings,  were  situated  adjacent  to  each  other  outside  the 
present  city  wall,  on  the  ground  occupied  by  the  Roman 
Catholic  chapel  and  cemetery  ;  but  with  the  exception  of 
the  round-tower  belfry,  were  partly  destroyed  by  an  ex- 
plosion of  gunpowder  in  1568,  and  finally  by  Docwra  in 
1600,  for  the  purpose  of  employing  their  materials  in 
the  new  works  he  was  erecting.  This  tower  sur\'ived  till 
after  the  siege  [1690],  being  marked  on  the  maps  or  plans 
of  that  time  as  the  *  Long  Tower  or  Temple  More ;'  its  site 
is  still  indicated  by  a  lane  called  the  Long  Tower.  In 
the  charter  of  Derry  it  is  called  Colum-kille's  Tower." 
Next  came  the  Nunnery^  which  must  have  been  built 
much  earlier  than  the  sixteenth  century, — the  date  gene- 
rally supposed, — as  the  building  is  mentioned  at  the  year 
1 1 34  by  the  Four  Masters,  who  record  the  death  of 
Bebinn,  the  daughter  of  MacConchaille,  female  crenach 


of  Deny,  in  that  year.     This  bailding  was  situated  « the 
southern  side  of  Derry.     Then  there  were  the  Dmmm 
Abbey  and  Churchy  founded  in  the  year  1274.     "Nidiohi 
*the  Loughlinnagh,'  or  MacLoagUin,  was  prior  in  l}97* 
The  number  of  friars  in  this  Dominican  house,  picvicmlj 
to  the  suppression,  was  generally  15a     IthadtlieboBOV 
of  supplying  two  bishops  to  the  see  of  Deny ;  aid, 
according  to  O'Daly  and  De  Bureh,  of  sending  forth  fiw 
martyrs,  namely,  Donagh  OXuin^,  prior  of  the  onki, 
and    his    brother    William    0*Lumy,    in    1608;  Johi 
O'Mannin,  about  1637 ;  JohnO'Laighin,  prior,  about  1657; 
and  Clement  O'CoIgan,  in  1704.     A  convent  oi  theoi^ 
was  maintained  in  Derry  till  a  late  period,  which  is  I7$> 
contained  nine  brothers."    The  Dominican  abbcj  m 
church  were  situated  on  the  northern  side  of  Deny,  te 
their  particular  site  is  not  now  known.     It  is  ceittii, 
however,  that  it  was  outside  the  present  walls  of  thecit]f' 
The  Augustinian  Church  in  Derry  was  situated  vkb* 
the  walls,  on  the  spot  now  occupied  br  the  bUwp'i 
garden  ;  and  it  appears  originally  to  have  been  a  bift* 
well  as  a  comparatively  elegant  structure  of  its  kind.  "The 
erection  of  this  church  is  not  noticed  in  the  Annals  fro* 
which  it  may  be  concluded  that  its  date  was  not  ciilio 
than  the  close  of  the  thirteenth  centuiy,  for  some  tiffC 
previouslv  to  which  the  records  of  Deny  are  minute  as" 
accurate.  '  The  Augustinian  church  was  the  only  rdifioi* 
house  preserved  for  a  time  after  the  advent  of  the  t^kf* 
at  Derry.     They  made  it  a  convenience  until  thcj  got  tl>* 

f>resent  cathedral  built,  and  from  that  time  until  its  <k<*^ 
ition,  they  used  to  call  it  the  the  'little  church.*    ^ 
Franciscan  Friary  stood  on  the  north  side'of  tbeboC* 
near  the  island  01  Derry,  and  had  three  acres  of  Iwdtf* 
church-yard,  which,  in  earlier  times,  probably  cooslitutt" 
some  ecclesiastical  gort  or  garden,      llie  site  b  00* 
occupied  by  three  streets,  via..  Abbey-street  RfltwB^ 
street,  and  William-street.    The  foundations  of  the  fHtfJ 
were  discovered  some  years  since.     See  the  Mmmf  7 
Tetnplemare  Parish^  pp.  25^  26. 


THE  LONDONERS  PLANTATION.  4OI 

;  island;  together  with  four  balliboes  of  land  called  Clonie,  and  the  fishings  belonging 
reto.  On  the  same  authority  it  is  stated  that  the  dean  of  Deny  was  possessed  of  four  acres, 
ig  between  the  bishop's  lands  and  those  that  belonged  to  Lady  Pawlett,  wife  of  Sir  George  ; 
3  two  quarters  of  land  called  Ballyowan,  situate  on  the  Faughan  side  of  the  bog  aforesaid ;  and 
)  other  quarters  adjoining,  the  one  called  lemplequartar  and  Clonkey,  and  the  ot&er 
oleronnogh.     The  lands  that  had  belonged  to  the  monastery  of  Columkille  are  enumerated,  and 

names  of  their  then  tenants  or  occupants  mentioned  by  the  inquisition,  as  follows  : — "  One 
irter  of  land  [or  128  acres]  called  Corneshalgah,  one  other  quarter  of  land  called  Gransholgilagh, 
¥  in  the  occupation  of  Walter  Tallon;  and  one  quarter  of  land  called  Lerusk,  now  in  the 
:upation  of  John  Vaughan ;  and  one  quarter  of  land  called  Ballynegardie,  now  in  the  possession 
Captain  Henry  Hart ;  and  the  half  quarters  of  Clonemore,  now  in  the  possession  of  Gillchrist 
riegarty ;  and  also  one  half  quarter  of  land  called  the  Grange  of  Dirgebroe,  in  the  Faughan 
e,  now  in  the  possession  of  Patrick  Read ;  and  also  one  quarter  of  land  called  Termonbacco,  in 

possession  of  Sir  Thomas  Phillips  (see  pp.  171,  172);  also  one  half  quarter  of  land  called 
llygam,  in  the  occupation  of  George  Norman ;  and  also  half  a  quarter  of  land  called  Ardnanshill, 
the  occupation  of  Sir  Ralf  Bingley,  being  parcel  of  the  quarterland  of  Cargan ;  and  also  one 
liter  of  land  called  Attoderry,  parcel  of  the  said  Cargan ;  and  also  one  quarter  of  land  called 
^vah,  in  the  occupation  of  Dennis  O'Derry ;  and  also  one  quarter  of  land  called  Ballywerry,  in 

occupation  of  John  Hetton ;  and  also  one  quarter  of  land  called  Mullenan,  in  the  occupation 
John'Woods  ;  and  also  half  a  quarter  called  Killeagh,  in  the  occupation  of  Francis  White." 

In  clearing  all  these  comers  for  the  Londoners,  it  was  decided  with  respect  to  the  bishop  and 
an  that,  whilst  they  were  to  have  sites  for  houses  in  Deny,  they  must  give  up  their  lands  to  the 
^  plantation,  according  to  the  'Articles'  signed  on  behalf  of  the  King.  The  other  occupants,  as 
lants  at  will,  were  to  be  settled  elsewhere,  made  citizens,  and  compensated  for  disturbance ; 
lilst  the  better  class  among  them  had  the  good  fortune  "to  be  preferred  to  the  country  plantation  as 
rvitors."  These  persons  who  had  notice  to  quit  were  only  "dwelling  as  commoners"  or  tenants-at- 
II,  on  the  lands  they  occupied,  but  they  were  not,  therefore,  driven  away.  They  were  j^///?^ elsewhere, 
d  were  made  citizens — a  privilege  at  that  time  not  to  be  despised.  The  "  better  sort"  of  them  were 
knitted  to  plant  as  servitors,  not,  as  it  would  appear,  because  they  were  really  such,  but  being 
loved  from  their  places  where  they  had  but  a  very  slight  hold  indeed,  they  were  thus  liberally 
tipensated  for  giving  up  their  right,  and  because  of  the  disturbance  to  which  they  were  exposed, 
ere  were  certain  poor  inhabitants  of  Derry  who  had  remained  there  after  the  burning  in  1608, 
I  had  made  some  little  scrambling  attempts  to  provide  themselves  with  shelter,  notwithstanding 
u-  extreme  poverty.  The  Londoners,  however,  must  be  lords  even  over  them ;  but  for  their 
it  to  the  little  houses  of  mud  and  wattles,  and  more  especially  ^^  having  respect  to  their  continued 
^  J>resent  abode''  there,  they  received  compensation.  The  commissioners  required  that  a  sum  of 
^A  must  be  divided  amongst  these  the  very  humblest  dwellers  by  the  Foyle,  before  they  could  be 
'^d  to  remove. 

A  somewhat  better  class  had  taken  little  patches  for  building,  from  Sir  Henry  Docwra,  before 

A    2 


402  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

the  burning  of  the  to\vn,  and  their  small  fines  were  supposed  to  be  lost  in  consequence  of  that  untowaid 
event,  but  they  still  retained  possession,  although  most  of  them  fled  from  the  place.  Their  right,  hot- 
ever,  was  not  to  be  obliterated,  slender  as  it  must  have  been.  "Touching  such  of  the  inhabitants,"  ajr 
the  commissioners,  "as  have  paid  fine  for  any  estate  not  expired  in  any  of  the  houses  or  lands 
within  the  city,  satisfaction  is  to  be  made  unto  them  for  their  fines,  according  to  Sir  Heniy 
Docwra's  certificate,  and  upon  proof  made  by  such  as  are  not  mentioned  in  said  certificate, 
satisfaction  is  to  be  made  by  one  general  concordatum,  they  surrendering  their  several  interests." 
Sir  Henry's  certificate  was  forthcoming  in  due  time,  and  it  is  here  submitted  in  extetts^,  95  zn 
interesting  scrap  in  the  history  of  the  Maiden  City  : — 

"  A  note  of  such  tnoney  as  I  [Sir  Henry  Do€wra\  have  received  for  fines  of  houses  gt  ike 
Derry : — 

"  Of  Mr.  Ross,  20S, ;  of  Mr.  Webb,  20s, ;  of  Captain  Henry  Vauchan,  20s. ;  of  Captain  Eeliog 
[Ellis  ?],  20s, ;  of  Mr.  Home,  20s, ;  of  Coytmore,  for  the  ferry,  20/. ;  of  Coytmore,  for  two  houses, 
40X. ;  of  Coytmore,  for  two  other  houses,  40X. ;  of  Laurence  Quartermass,  20;. ;  of  Christopber 
Elcock,  2oy. ;  of  Thomas  Thornton,  2Qs,  ;  of  Rob.  Jones,  20s. ;  of  Katherine  Old,  201. ;  of 
Thomas  Plunket,  20s, ;  of  Taddy  Bird,  20s, ;  of  Captain  Orrell,  20s. ;  of  Philip  Cottingham,  20t; 
of  Anthony  Maheme,  20s, ;  of  Dennis  O'Mullen,  20s, ;  of  Mr.  Doughton,  20J. ;  of  Nicbobs 
Wilson,  20^. ;  of  Samuel  Randall,  20X. ;  of  Walter  Fullard,  20X. ;  of  John  Banell,  401: ;  of 
William  Mountford,  20J.;  of  James  Council,  2 of. ;  of  George  Corwin,  301.;  of  Hugh  Birchley,20f.; 
of  Sandy  Lowry,  15J. ;  of  John  King,  2\s, ;  of  Hanniball  Harrison,  20X. ;  of  John  Cowper,  251.; 
of  John  Fludd,  25X. ;  of  George  Keinaldes,  20s,  \  of  Mr.  Hubbersley,  401. ;  of  Matthew  Kere9,3oi:; 
of  Comet  Cartwreight,  20^. ;  of  Michael  Cotton,  20^. ;  of  Humphrey  Sharpe,  231. ;  of  Donndl 
Magmy,  22s, ;  of  Mr.  Reinalds  [  ] ;  of  Wm.  Patterson,  i8x. ;  of  Philip  Cottingham,  251; 

of  Robert  Walker,  30J. ;  of  Captain  Eeling,  30J. ;  of  Richard  O'Doghertie  [  ] ;  of  Ma 

Corbett,  20s, ;  of  Wm.  Martin,  iSs. ;  of  William  Newton,  for  the  inheritance  of  a  house  in  the 
High  Street,  30^. ;  of  Joss  Everard,  for  the  inheritance  of  a  house  and  garden  bj  the 
water  side  [  ] ;  of  Edwin  Babington,  for  the  fee-simple  of  four  houses,  4/. ;  John  Wiaj  ii 

to  pay  me  within  one  week  for  the  same,  20s, ;  of  Richard  O'Dogherty  for  the  fee-simple  of  hb 
house,  40s, ;  of  Tho.  Pendry,  for  the  lease  of  a  house  in  the  High  Street,  15^.;  of  John  Wiay,fcr 
the  inheritance  of  a  house  by  the  waterside  that  was  Martin  Foster's,  40s. ;  of  John  RosS|  for  the 
inheritance  of  a  house  in  the  High  Street,  a  hogshead  of  beans,  and  in  money,  201. ;  of  Kice 
Coytmore,  for  the  inheritance  of  a  house  by  the  waterside,  20s. ;  of  Capt  John  Vauchan  mi 
Capt.  Henry  Vauchan,  for  the  inheritance  of  a  piece  of  ground  being  near  the  watcnidt 
25  hogsheads  of  lime ;  of  Capt.  John  Baxter,  for  the  inheritance  of  a  house  in  the  upper  fat 
[  ] ;   of  James  Walshe,  for  the  lease  of  a  house  in  the  High  Street  [  ];  <' 

Humphrey  Vale,  for  a  house  lease,  20s. ;  sum  total,  86/.  7/.  Oi/.,  besides  25  hogsheads  of  limc^tf' 
one  hogshead  of  beans.  This  I  received,  partly  for  fines  and  leases,  and  partly  for  makiif  <*9 
of  estates  of  inheritance;  but  I  made  also  divers  other  .estates,  the  counterftames  whotofl 
delivered  as  part  of  the  evidence  to  Sir  George  Pawlett  [  \  but  [not]  any  greater  sum  thi* 


THE  LONDONERS  PLANTATION.  4O3 

s.y  30J.,  or  40X.,  except  for  the  ferry,  for  which  I  had  40/.  Being  the  same  day  demanded,  by 
J  commissioners,  what  I  thought  the  ferry  was  worth  by  the  year,  I  think  the  same  is  worth 
out  20/."  The  English  council,  writing  to  Chichester,  on  the  ist  of  the  following  August,  say: — 
^s  the  old  inhabitants  of  the  Deny  deserve  special  consideration,  his  lordship  is  to  send  the 
mes  and  trades  of  such  among  them  as  desire  to  continue  to  reside  there,  in  order  that  the 
)ndoners  may  be  dealt  with  to  admit  them  to  the  corporation  ;  and  to  set  aside  240/.  the  residue 
the  5,000/.  to  be  paid  by  the  Londoners  to  the  King,  together  with  a  further  100/.  English,  for 
*  use  of  those  who  may  so  desire  to  dwell  in  Derry." 

Besides  the  many  cases  of  clearing  already  mentioned,  the  Archbishop  of  Armagh  and  the 
shop  of  Connor  had  claims  against  the  Government  for  the  surrender  of  certain  small  things  to 
t  Londoners.     The  council  in  London,  writing  to  Chichester  on  the  6th  August,  16 10,  urge  him 

"deal  with  the  Archbishop  for  the  surrender,  in  order  that  the  King  may  provide  for  the 
dowment  of  churches  in  that  diocese  [of  Derry],  signifying  his  estimate  of  the  amount  of 
:ompense  to  be  given  for  the  surrender!"    They  urge  him  also  "to  compound  with  the  Treasury 

the  see  of  Conorth  [Connor],  for  the  rectory  of  Coleraine,  which  belongs  thereto,  that  the 
:tory  may  be  given  to  the  Londoners."  Chichester,  when  writing  to  Salisbury,  on  the  15th 
igust,  161 1,  informs  him  that  he  had  "compounded  with  the  parson  of  Colrayne,  as  he  was 
ected,  and  with  others  who  expect  their  money  on  his  return  to  Dublin."  Among  the  "others" 
re  compounded  with,  was  one  *Hyll,*  for  his  interest  in  certain  titles  and  rights  in  the 
•sonage  of  Colrayne,  tithes  of  fish,  and  free  loops;  and  *one  Kinsman*  for  his  interest  in  the 
itoms  of  *the  Dyrrie.'  Among  the  many  petitions  presented  to  the  lords  of  council  in  England 
:)ut  the  time  of  the  coming  of  the  Londoners,  was  one  from  "William  Hill,  gent,"  dated  Sept. 
,  16 10,  and  praying  for  compensation  "for  the  tythe  fyshing  of  the  Ban  unjustly  taken  from  him 
the  Londoners."  On  the  petition  is  written  the  following  'note'  in  Salisbury's  hand: — "Because 
leemeth  by  this  petition  that  Mr.  Recorder  is  acquainted  with  the  state  of  this  matter,  and  that 
tear  it  is  also  well  known  to  Sir  James  Fullerton,  I  desire  that  they  will  join  in  certifying  their 
Dwledge  and  opinion  unto  me." 

If  the  Government  had  thus  its  diffiulties  in  clearing  the  way  before  the  Londoners,  the  latter 
md  obstacles  on  their  side  which  they  had  not,  in  their  haste,  taken  time  fully  to  consider, 
lere  was  nothing  for  it  now,  however,  but  to  go  forward ;  and  two  days  after  the  signing  of  the 
Articles,'  or  on  the  30th  of  January,  1609-10,  the  Londoners  held  their  first  meeting  to  arrange 
veral  important  preliminaries  before  the  actual  commencement  of  the  work.  The  following 
tract  from  the  manuscript  in  the  British  Museum  already  quoted,  warrants  us  in  supposing  that 
e  worthy  undertakers  required  much  light  on  the  subject  of  their  contemplated  enterprise 
nerally.  "  After  these  articles,"  it  is  said,  "  agreed  and  ensealed,  the  said  Cittie  called  a  common 
>uncill  for  the  settling  the  business,  levying  of  money,  appointing  of  Agencies,  &c.  i.  They 
"eed  that  the  assessment  of  each  Company  should  be  according  to  their  proportion  assessed 
'''ards  com  [according  to  the  com  rate].  2.  That  both  the  cittie  and  countie  lands  be  surveyed, 
i  some  person  be  sent  over  for  that  purpose,  and  a  map  made.    3.  To  view  the  ruined  cittie  of 


404 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER- 


Derrie,  and  what  buildings  it  contains.  4.  To  view  Colraine,  and  ascertain  what  materials  tfe 
countie  contains  of  timber,  stone,  &c.  5.  To  take  knowledge  how  the  countie  lands  are  dinded 
into  Ballebetaghes,  Ballebetoes,  Quarters,  Balleboes,  Tathes,  Polles,  or  what  other  names  Irish  tkf 
are  called;  what  they  may  contain  ;  how  we  may  divide  them,  which  we  intend  in  12  ports  and 
the  sub-companies  to  be  underjoyned.  6.  To  set  the  lands  in  the  meantime  to  the  Irish  that  tie 
tennants,  and  when  we  divide,  to  see  each  proportion  fitlie  bounded.  These  things  thus  set  in 
order,  they  draw  their  workmen  out  of  each  company  that  be  artificers  and  send  them  over,  some 
to  survey  and  give  directions  as  to  work,  and  watch.  All  such  necessaries  of  shovels,  spades^  &c., 
iron  ware,  and  other  provision  belonging  unto  building  the  said  two  citties  of  Derrie  and  Colnine: 
and  coming  to  some  perfection,  they  fall  to  consider  the  countie  lands,  and  to  divide  the  said  hndi 
into  twelve  parts,  to  go  by  lot  amongst  the  12  companies,  the  other  sub-companies  to  besotted, 
according  to  their  disbursements,  with  some  of  the  twelve." 

But  this  scribe,  who  is  supposed  to  have  been  Richard  Hunter,  citizen  and  ironmonger, 
condenses  the  history  of  the  Londoners  rather  too  rapidly  in  his  concluding  panign^  the 
division  of  lands  and  sorting  of  sulM:ompanies  to  which  he  refers  not  having  taken  place  for  tbee 
years  after  the  signing  of  the  'Articles.'  (Nicholl's  Account  of  the  Company  of  Ironmongan^^ 
383,  384).  It  is  curious  that  the  city  council  should  think  b  necessary,  alter  the  signing  of  the 
articles,  to  send  over  an  agent  to  view,  survey,  and  map  the  lands,  which  had  been  Tieved, 
surveyed,  and  mapped  during  the  month  of  October  preceding.  The  report  then  made  to 
the  '  City'  took  up  the  leading  points  mentioned  in  this  paper  as  requiring  explanation,  » 
that  if  the  citizens  believed  that  report,  and  had  not  afterwards  found  reason  to  doubt  soae 
statements  therein,  it  is  not  easy  to  imagine  why  a  'viewer*  should  be  sent  now  for  any  other  pupoi^ 
than  that  of  commencing  the  work.  At  all  events,  two  very  efficient  agents  were  appointed,  nandf 
Tristram  Beresford  (52)  and  John  Rowley  (53),  who  came  to  get  possession  of  the  whole  hnmcBK 


(52).  Beresford, — This  gentleman  was  one  of  seven 
brothers, — the  sons  of  Michael  Beresford  and  Rose  Knevitt 
his  wife,  of  Otford  and  Squirres,  in  the  parish  of  Westram, 
county  of  Kent.  Tristram,  the  third  son,  was  bom  about 
the  year  1 574,  and  on  coming  to  Ulster,  he  took  up  his 
abode  at  Coleraine.  By  his  wife,  Susannah  Brooke  of 
London,  he  left  two  sons  and  three  daughters.  His  eldest 
daughter,  Anne,  married  Sir  Edward  Doddington  of 
Dungiven,  and  secondly  Sir  Francis  Cooke.  She  was 
buried  at  Coleraine.  Jane,  the  second  daughter,  married 
Clcorge  Carey  of  Redcastle  in  Inishowen  (one  of  the  Carey 
family  of  Clonelly  in  Devonshire),  and  by  him  left  a 
family  of  five  sons  and  four  daughters ;  their  eldest  son 
Francis  marrying  a  sister  of  Captain  Henry  Vaughan. 
Tristram  Beresford's  third  daughter,  Susannah,  married 
Captain  Ellis,  provost-marshal  of  Derry.  His  younger 
Aon,  named  Michael,  was  sheriff  of  the  counties  of 
Deny,  Donegal,  and  Tyrone ;  and  also  a  commissioner 
of  the  Civil  Survey  and  Revenue.  Ho  married  Mary,  a 
daughter  of  Sir  John  Leake,  and  by  her  lefl  four  daugh- 
ters, one  of  whom  married  Arthur  Upton,  of  Temple- 
Patrick.  This  Michael  Beresford  died  in  1660,  and  by 
nis  own  request  was  buried  in  his  father's  tomb  at  Cole- 


raine. His  wife,  who  weot  to  reside  with  her  dnf^ 
Mrs.  Upton,  at  Templepatrick,  died  and  was  boned' 
that  village.  Tristram  Beresford's  eldest  son  was  ttad 
Tristram,  and  became  an  inOuential  man  in  Ulsto.  He 
was  created  a  baronet  in  1665,  and  represented  the  oaf^J 
of  Londonderry  in  Parliament  for  several  jean.  Hii(^ 
wife  was  Anne,  daughter  of  John  Rowley  of  Casikfoci 
and  his  second  was  Sarah,  daughter  of  o^-L-du. 


both  of  whom  left  children.  He  died  in  1673,  sad «» 
buried  at  Coleraine.  His  grandson  was  created  Etfl " 
Tyrone.  (See  Lodge^  edited  by  Archdall,  ti.,pp.a9{^ 
The  Msuxjuis  of  Waterford  is  the  present  represenutnc^ 
the  family. 

(53).  RowUy.  —This  gentleman  belonged  to  that  ba«> 
of  the  old  family  of  Rowley,  which  was  seated  at  Li«M 
in  Cheshire.  Hugh  Rowley  married  a  kinswoi^  N<V 
Rowley,  of  Shelton,  in  Stanordshire,  and  byberldll^ 
sons,  viz.,  John,  William,  and  Nathaniel*  ill  ef  *^ 
settled  at  the  same  time  in  Ulster,  the  two  |<*^ 
brothers  coming  with  John  when  he  ^  this  mp"^^^ 
from  the  Londonen.  Nathaniel  dvdt  ia  the  dV* 
Derry,  but  left  no  fiunily.  William  settled  at  Xybupg 
and  married  Maiy,  danijhter  of  John  Dilloa  of  Cv^ 


THE   LONDONERS     PLANTATION. 


405 


on  behalf  of  the  Londoners,  and  to  superintend  their  affairs  generally  at  Deny  and  Coleraine. 
were  soon  able  to  explain,  no  doubt,  for  the  information  and  relief  of  their  employers,  that  a 
(agA  of  land  was  the  same  as  a  ballibttoe^  and  that  the  latter  corrupt  English  form  of  the  word 
troduced  some  confusion  as  to  its  meaning.  These  agents  would  soon  also  discover  that  the 
t  was  the  only  Irish  land  measure  with  the  meaning  of  which  they  were  immediately 
ned,  and  that  tatfus  and  polls  were  not  known  either  in  0*Cahan*s  country,  or  in  the  woods 
inkonkeyne  and  Killetragh.  Beresford  and  Rowley  were  followed  by  bands  of  workmen, 
"  out  of  each  Company  that  be  artificers,"  and  carrying  with  them  the  necessary  supply  of 
els,  spades,  ironware,  and  other  provision  belonging  unto  building  the  said  two  citties  of 
and  Colraine."  The  first  movement  at  Derry,  however,  turned  out  a  decided  failure,  owing 
to  the  injudicious  selection  of  workmen,  but  more  directly  to  the  niggardliness  with  which 
rk  was  conducted.  Their  doings  were  closely  watched  by  northern  servitors,  who  had,  as  a 
>ecome  somewhat  jealous  of  the  Londoners,  and  were  curious  to  observe  how  the  latter 
start  in  their  plantation  work. 

n  the  2ist  of  April,  Sir  Oliver  St  John  wrote  his  impressions  to  Salisbury,  in  substance,  as 
1 : — "  Considering  the  King's  disposition  for  the  plantation  of  Ulster,  and  the  many  worthy 
s  engaged  in  that  business,  thinks  it  right  to  inform  his  Lordship  what  he  hears  of  the 
dings  of  the  Londoners  in  their  plantation.  After  the  arrival  of  Gaye  [Gage]  (54),  who 
)ver  first,  there  arrived  six  or  seven  score  at  Derry,  with  some  overseers ;  more  have  followed 
Men,  for  the  most  part,  ill-chosen  for  workmen,  and  such  as  were  engaged  at  low  rates 
leaving  London,  upon  presumption  of  extraordinary  plenty  of  all  things  in  that  place, 
of  them  refuse  to  work,  and  the  rest  demand  greater  wages.  Besides,  the  overseers  are 
it  money  to  pay  them,  which  causes  their  works  to  stay,  and  the  reputation  of  their  action  is 
impaired  in  opinion,  especially  among  the  natives,  who  give  out  that  the  Londoners  are  not 
lat  will  make  continual  habitation  among  them.  The  territories  that  the  King  has  bestowed 
;hem  are  so  large,  and  his  gift  of  beneficial  privileges  so  bountiful,  that  it  ought  to  encourage 
to  go  on  with  their  undertakings  by  furnishing  their  works  and  workmen  liberally,  and  in 
«dth  money,  tools,  materials,  and  chiefly  victuals.  For  the  new  plantation  will  cause  a 
J  scarcity  of  victuals  and  other  necessaries  in  these  places  far  beyond  that  which  was 
fore,  when  those  countries  were  rarely  inhabited,  and  had  not  such  great  use  for  thenL 


county  of  Armagh,  ami  by  her  left  three  sons  and 
lighters.  Two  of  his  sons,  John  and  William, 
lin  in  an  encounter  with  the  Irish  in  164 1,  at  or 
I  town  of  Ballymoney.     Hugh,  the  third  brother 

at  Culmore,  near  Derry,  and  was  member  of 
ent  for  Limavaddy  during  several   years.     John 

is  stated  by  Ixxlge  to  have  come  to  Ulster  as  the 
nt  of  the  Londoners  for  the  building  of  the  city  of 
nd  town  of  Coleraine.  If  so,  Beresford's  agency 
rence  principally  to  the  country  districts.  John 
dwelt  in  Castleroe,  on  the  western  bank  of  the 
ind  southward   a  little   distance   from  Coleraine 

18).  He  married  Mary  Gage,  daughter  of 
jiage  of  Kands,  in  Northamptonshire,  and  by  her 


left  one  son  Edward,  who  succeeded  him  at  Castleroe, 
and  two  daughters,  one  of  whom  married  Tristram  Beres- 
ford, and  the  other,  James  Clotworthy,  brother  to  John 
Clotworthy,  Lord  Massereene.  John  Rowley's  wife, 
Mary  Gage,  next  married  Sir  George  Trcvelyan  of  Nettle- 
combe,  in  the  county  of  Devon;  and  her  third  and  last 
husband  was  Robert  McLelan,  Lord  Kirkcudbright.  She 
died  in  1639,  at  Castleroe,  See  Lod^e,  edited  by  Arch- 
dall,  vol.  V.  p.  296 ;  see  also  the  Trevdyan  Papers^  part 
iii.,  p.  145. 

(54).  Gii^e, — This  gentleman's  christian  name  was  pro- 
bably William,  and  he  no  doubt  belonged  to  the  fieunily  of 
Gage,  seated  at  Rands,  in  Northamptonshire.  See  preced- 
ing note  ;  see  also  the  Trevdyan  Papers^  part  iiL,  p.  161. 


406  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER, 

This  consideration  ought  to  incite  that  rich  and  able  corporation  to  prosecute  their  design  with 
such  plenty  and  magnifience  that  they  may  be  imitable  examples,  and  not  discouragements  to  those 
who  are  to  begin  after  them." 

The  Londoners  may  have  profited  by  this  reproof  coming  from  such  a  respectable  source,  and 
no  doubt  communicated  to  their  governor  through  Salisbury.  At  all  events,  when  their  iroib 
were  commenced  somewhat  later  in  the  season  at  Colerainc,  they  were  carried  forward  with  mnch 
greater  vigour.  Whilst  the  commissioners  were  engaged,  during  the  autumn,  in  assignipg  to 
the  undertakers  their  several  proportions  throughout  the  other  five  counties,  they  were  inspired 
with  hope  as  to  the  future  of  the  plantation  from  the  progress  they  had  witnessed  at  the  Bana 
Davys,  writing  to  Salisbury,  on  the  24th  of  September,  refers  to  this  agreeable  topic  as 
follows: — "Lastly,  the  agents  of  London  have  made  far  better  preparation  for  the  erection  of  their 
new  town  at  Colrane  than  they  [the  commissioners]  expected;  for  they  found  there  such  store  of 
timber  and  other  materials  brought  in  place,  so  many  workmen,  so  busy  in  their  several  pbccs 
about  their  several  tasks,  as  methought  I  saw  Didoe's  colony  building  of  Carthage  in  Virgil— 

'  Instant  ardentes  Tyrii ;  pars  ducere  muros, 
Molirique  arcem,  et  manibus  subsolvcre  saxa ; 
Pars  aptare  locum  tccta  et  concludere  sulco, 
Fervet  opus,*  &c. 

So  as  we  returned  with  an  assured  hope  that  the  plantation  will  go  on  roundly  and  prosperaUjt 
and  that  God  will  bless  it.''  This  comparatively  advanced  and  prosperous  state  of  afiiurs  at 
Coleraine  was  owing  probably  not  to  any  better  management  there  than  at  Derry,  but  to  the  (act, 
that  Sir  Thomas  Phillips  had  got  10,000  trees  felled  in  ample  time  to  have  the  timber  vdl- 
seasoned,  and  just  at  hand,  when  the  imported  workmen  were  ready  to  commence. 

IX. 

From  this  period,  the  State  Papers  deal  occasionally  with  the  Londoners'  plantation  and  that 
of  their  neighbours,  the  British  undertakers,  as  only  different  parts  of  the  same  great  mo\'eiDenL 
Immediately  after  the  actual  planting  had  been  made,  several  such  Papers  were  issued  from 
London,  and  intended  to  apply  more  or  less  to  the  affairs  of  both.  Thus,  the  document  wfaidi 
we  now  subjoin,  contains  certain  questions  and  replies  which  affect  the  two  sections  almost  alike^ 
and  at  the  same  time  reveals  some  of  the  difficulties  that  had  developed  themselves  thioughoot  the 
new  settlements  generally,  even  at  so  early  a  date  as  the  close  of  the  year  16 10. 

The  following  prefatory  note  from  the  council,  when  returning  their  replies,  will  explain  tbe 
arrangement  adopted  to  simplify  the  contents  of  their  communication : — "  They  send  to  him  bj  Sir 
Oliver  Lambert,  who  is  on  his  return  after  four  months'  continuous  stay  there  (55),  answers  by  «if 

(55).  Stay  thfre. — By  Sir  Oliver  Lambert,  Chichester  London  "albeit  he  knows  he  is  not  the  best  ontcit  bM 

also  sent  his  letter  to  the  King  ah-cady  quoted,  which  he  is  well  acquainted  with  the  couitiy  and  condiuca  of  Ae 

was  to  be  shown  first  to  the  Earl  of  Salisbury,  for  his  people,  having  long  traTclled  and  bled  in  the  bi 

approval,  before  being  delivered  to  his  Majesty.     In  the  when  it  was  at  the  worst,  and  has  seen  many 

deputy's  letter,  dated  late  in  Nov.    16 10,  he  states  to  since  he  came  first  into  the  land." 
Salisbury  that  he  had  chosen  Lambert  as  his  deputy  to 


J 


THE  LONDONERS  PI-ANTATION. 


407 


itill  [marginal  notes]  to  his  propositions,  committed  by  him  [Chichester]  to  Sir  Oliver's  charge, 
everal  propositions  were  moved  by  him  [Lambert]  to  this  board  at  sundry  times,  which  being 
red,  according  to  their  manner,  by  his  Majesty's  commissioners  for  Irish  Causes,  imtil  they 
ropositions]  were  ready  for  their  [the  council's]  debate,  were,  after  divers  solemn  hearings, 
ed  in  the  manner  as  he  shall  perceive  *  coted'  to  each  proposition  by  way  of  postill.  Though 
ot  usual  to  give  him  [Chichester]  warrants  in  this  style,  yet  the  propositions  being  so  many 
iverse,  they  conceived  it  would  be  more  acceptable  to  him,  being  a  plain  orderly  course,  and 
from  all  obscurity. 

bosiiions  delivered  by  Sir  Oliver  Lambert^  "  The  Answers  of  the  Lords  to  the  said  Propo- 
nto    the    Lords    of  his  Majesty  s  Privy  sitions : — 

loundl^  by  direction  and  authority^  from 
he  Ljyrd  Deputy  of  Ireland : — 
ATiether  the  British  Undertakers  in 
shall  plant  and  manure  their  whole 
n  of  lands  with  British  freeholders  and 
s,  or  whether  it  be  meant  that  the  10 
is  set  down  in  the  printed  book  as  being 
settled  on  each  1,000  acres,  they  then 
take  undertenants,  servants,  labourers, 
ottagers  of  the  Irish,  as  the  undertakers 
they  may  ?  (56). 


A^hether  the  Londoners  are  to  .plant  the 
J  of  Colraine  and  the  barony  of  Lough- 
1  with  Britons;  and  whether  they  shall 
the  natives  there,  as  their  agents  presume 
hall ;  and  therewith  they  persuade  the 
:,  and  have  received  their  rents  now  at 
lowtide,  out  of  the  county  of  Colraine ; 
hat  of  Enishollin  [LoughinsholinJ  was 
up  for  the  King's  use  at  Easter  last ;  and 
ley  have  demanded  back  ?  (58) 

Allege  they  may. — Here  was  the  grand  dilemma 
Chichester  was  unable  to  meet ;  for  the  under- 
on  their  arrival,  naturally  held  out  their  hands  for 
'  those  who  could  most  readily  and  efficiently 
it.  In  fact  they  actually  clung  to  the  Irish,  and 
other  alternative  at  first,  although  to  do  so  was 
more  or  less  the  overthrow  of  the  whole  move- 

Dispmse  with. — The  authorities  had  already  set 
r  dispensed  with   the  original  plan  to  some  ex- 
issuing  a  proclamation  that  the  natives  might 


1.  Touching  the  cottagers  and  undertenants, 
it  is  provided  in  the  last  printed  book  *  what 
the  British  undertakers  shall  perform,'  Art  2*^, 
that  they  shall  not  be  meer  Irish,  nor  any  other 
that  will  not  take  the  oath  of  supremacy.  And 
for  the  servants  of  the  family,  it  is  likewise  pro- 
vided that  they  also  shall  be  conformable  in 
religion  witholit  difference  of  nation,  in  the 
latter  printed  book  the  same  title.  Art  8^ ;  and 
this  we  cannot  alter  or  dispense  with  (57). 

2.  The  Londoners  are  to  plant  their  lands 
as  other  undertakers  do,  excepting  the  special 
privileges  expressed  in  the  Articles  [/>.,  in  the 
Articles  between  the  Government  commission- 
ers ^nd  the  city  deputies]. 


remain  until  May,  1610 ;  and  ciromistances  forced 
them  to  relax  their  regulations  respectinc^  the  removal  of 
the  natives  as  the  plantation  proceeded.  Although  the 
dominant  party  committed  unheard  of  cruelties  and  op- 
pressions in  these  removals,  they  were  never  able  to  get 
on  with  their  scheme  without  the  Irish,  and  in  the  next 
reign  they  were  fain  to  permit  each  undertaker  to  let  a 
fourth  part  of  his  proportion  to  native  tenants  ! 

(58).  Demanded  back. — The  Londoners  had  thus  evid- 
ently determined  to  commence  operations  with  becoming 
spirit,  and  a  due  attention  to  their  own  interests.     The 


4o8 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


3.  As  long  as  the  British  undertakers  may 
receive  their  rents  from  the  natives,  they  will 
never  remove  them.  The  King  should  take 
up  these  rents  so  long  as  the  Irish  continue 
upon  the  undertakers^  lands,  from  which  they 
should  remove  at  May  next  to  their  portion 
assigned  (if  any  be),  or  under  the  bishops  or 
servitors. 

4.  Whether  the  patents  passed  in  England 
shall  not  be  sent  into  Ireland,  exemplified 
under  the  great  seal,  to  be  enrolled  in  the 
office  of  the  rolls  ? 

great  barony  of  Loughinsholin,  containing  the  lands  on 
which  stood  the  woods  of  Glenconkeyne  and  Killetragh, 
had  not  as  yet  been  joined  to  the  county  of  Colerainc  to 
form  the  present  county  of  Londonderry.  It  turned  out 
that  the  Londoners  were  not  bound  by  the  'Articles'  to 
remove  the  natives.  They  put  on  record  one  of  their 
•precepts,*  indeed,  to  the  effect  that  they  would  have  no 
Irish, — nothing  to  do  with  them, — but  they  soon  found 
that  the  latter  might  be  turned  to  better  advantage  ths^n 
any  labourers  they  could  send  from  England. 

(59).  That  purpose, — So  early  as  December,  1608,  the 
council  in  London  had  made  known  to  Chichester,  when 
referring  to  this  matter,  that  "new  rules  for  the  Exchequer 
have  l)cen  drawn  by  the  chief  baron  and  allowed  by  the 
treasurer  and  chancellor  of  that  court.  The  Chancellor 
has  been  requested  to  certify  to  the  chancery  of  England 
the  terms  of  such  letters  patent  as  have  been  granted 
here  of  lands  and  offices  in  Ireland  for  the  better  answer- 
ing of  fines,  rents,  covenants,  and  provisoes;  which 
letters  patent  he  [Chichester]  is  requested  to  cause  to  be 
enrolled  in  chancery."  Among  the  State  Papers  is  one, 
without  date,  containing  the  following  list  of  Patents 
already  enrolietiin  Irelatui: — 

[Armagh]. 
Precinct  of  Fues.  Claude  Hamilton,  Edinagh,  1,000  acres; 
William  I^undey  [Lawder],  Kilruddan,  l,ooo  ;  Sir 
James  Creig,  Magherientrim,  l,000  acres. 
Precinct  of  O'Neaian.  William  Stanhowe,  Kannagolan, 
1,500  acres. 

[Tyrone]. 
Precinct  of  Clogher,  Sir  Thomas  Ridgewaye,    Portclare 
and  Ballykergie,  2,000  acres ;  Sir  Francis  Willoughby, 
Fentonagh,  2,000  acres  ;  Sir  Anthony  Cope,  Dirri- 
barde  and  Killaric,  2,000  acres. 
Precinct  of  Omey.  Sir  John  Davys,  GravictaghandClonagh- 
more,  2,000  acres.     He  has  his  patent  here,  and  will 
instantly  enrol  it. 
Precinct  of  Mountjoy,  Lord  Uchiltrie,  Re velynowtra,  2,000 
acres ;  Revelyneightra,  1,000  acres ;  in  the  name  of 
James  Stewart,  of  Grange  500  acres  ;  Barnard  Lind- 
scy,  Creig,   1,000  acres  ;  Robert  Lindsey  of  Leith, 
Tullahoge,   1,000  acres  ;  Robert  Stewart  of  Rotten, 
Gantavilly,  1,000  acres. 
Precinct  of  Strabane.  Earl  of  Abercome,  Donaloog,  2,000 
acres,  and  Strabane,  1,000  acres ;  Sir  George  Ilamil- 


3.  Seeing  the  Lord  Deputy  has  licensed  then 
to  stay  upon  the  land  till  May  next,  the  under- 
takers are  to  have  the  rent  till  then;  the 
rather  that  the  undertakers  may  not  deouDd 
freedom  from  rent  a  year  longer  than  is  gnuued 
unto  them. 


4.  This  is  provided  for,  and  order  already 
given  to  that  purpose  (59). 


ton  of  Greenlawe,  Cloghogwell,  1,500  acres;  Sir 
Thomas  Boyd  of  Bonuiawe,  Sheui,  iiSOO;  Sir 
Claude  Hamilton  of  Lerleprevicke,  Tirencmoiia- 
tagh,  1,500  acres  ;  Sir  John  Dromond  of  BonUnd, 
Bsdlymagnegfa,  1,000  acres  ;  George  IlamihoB  oif 
Bynning,  Derycrone,  1,000  acres. 

[Fermanagh]. 

Precinct  of  Knockmny,  Laird  PitUro  [Wishaztl  Latim 
1,000  acres;  Lord  Mountwhany  the  younger,  Kil- 
spinan,  1, 500 acres;  Laird Kinkell,  Agfaala^a,  i,OPQ 
acres  ;  James  Traill,  Dristeman,  1,000  acres. 

Precinct  of  Clancally  and  Lurge,  Sir  Edward  Blenalitf' 
sett  and  Thomas  Bleneniassett,  Tolmachia,  i,OQO 
acres  ;  Edward  Ward  of  Harrington-Sutton,  K^- 
ney,  1,000  acres ;  Thomas  Barton,  Droumidn* 
1,000  acres. 

Precinct  of  Maghtrybcy,  Sir  John  Home  of  North  Ber- 
vrick,  Ardgart,  2,000 ;  William  Fowler,  Mo]fgia«i 
1,500  acres  ;  Alexander  Home  of  Crofts,  Dnxncotf. 
1,500  acres. 

[Cavan]. 

Precinct  of  Loughtee,  Richard  Walrone,  DromduII  aod 
Dromellan,  2,000  acres  ;  John  Fish,  Domany,  iiOOO 
acres;  William  Snow,  Tonnagfa,  1,500  acres;  Sir 
Stephen  Butler,  Clowose,  3,000  acres;  Reynold 
Home,  Lisreagh,  2,000  acres. 

Precinct  of  Glanchie,  LordAubieny,  Kxneagfa,  2,0001001 
and  Cashell,  1,000  acres ;  Willimm  Dunbar,  of  Ento- 
kin,  Dromucke,  1,000  acres  ;  WiUiam  Biyly  ^ 
Frivilton,  Tonregee,  1,000  acres  ;  }xAai  RabtoB,  «■ 
of  Laird  Ralston,  Kilclos^ii«  1,000 acres. 

Precinct  of  Tullyhunco.  Sir  Alex.  Hamilton;  Cano«- 
tubber  and  Clonekine,  2,000  acres;  Sir  Clodt 
Hamilton  of  Cocknoch,  Qonine,  1,000  acres ;  Joli 
Browne  of  Gorgieinylne,  Corrodonrian,  1,000  socl 

[DonenJl]. 

Precinct  of  lAJJer.  Sir  Mannce  Barldey,  Drmmr  nd 
Laiga,  2,000  acres  ;  Sir  Robert  Rcuiyngton,  TivM- 
foris,  2, 000  acres ;  Sir  Thomas  Coadi,  LjiuiuMikn 
1,500  acres. 

Precinct  of  Piortiogk,  Dnke  of  Lennoi,  Cashdl,  MMtufc 
and  LetteicaU,  3,000  acrei ;  John  Stewait.  umA' 
moghane,  1,000  acres ;  James  Cimiiii^ghia.  ef  Fi** 
iniliie»  Mqy^fa,  i,oooj 


THE  LONDONERS  PLANTATION. 


409 


Vhether  the  bonds  of  the  undertakers 
in  England  shall  not  be  sent  to  Ireland 
cept  altogether  in  one  chest  in  the  castle, 
swhere  in  that  Kingdom;  for  being 
edy  they  may  be  lost  and  come  to 
g,  whereas  the  King's  sworn  officers 
preserve  them,  and  call  upon  the 
ire,  if  any  be  ? 


Aether  the  college,  free  schools,  and 
ations  shall  plant  with  British  only — the 
St  not  being  able  to  attend  the  same, 
lapt  to  perform  the  plantation  in  that 

iHiether  the  British  undertakers,  or 
ufficient  deputies,  be  required  to  repair 
reland  about  the  beginning  of  March 
iimished  with  money  and  other  means 
:t  the  plantation  they  have  undertaken  ? 


0  understand  what  course  their  Lordships 
[lave  taken  for  erecting  of  the  corporate 

and  corporations,  the  natives  being 
>sed  and  unapt  thereta  Only  some 
ints,  and  they  commonly  strangers  to 
wander  up  and  down  among  their 
;s,  bargaining  for  some  few  commodities 

1  which  they  have  to  sell  (60).     On  the 


5.  It  was  promised  to  the  undertakers  before 
they  entered  into  bonds,  that  their  bonds 
should  not  be  turned  into  the  exchequer.  And 
by  the  last  article  of  the  last  printed  book,  it  is 
provided  that,  upon  certificate  fix)m  the  Lord 
Deputy  and  Council  that  the  condition  [of  the 
bond]  has  been  performed,  the  bond  should  be 
re-delivered;  and  upon  certificate  of  the 
forfeiture,  that  the  same  should  be  executed 
upon  their  lands  and  bodies  here  [in  England], 
and  in  de&ult  thereof^  upon  their  lands  and 
bodies  there  [Ireland],  and  they  [the  bonds] 
should  remain  in  the  hands  of  a  sworn  officer 
there,  which  order  we  think  not  fit  to  alter. 

6.  The  college  and  free  schools  may  plant 
with  British  if  they  may  conveniently  be  had ; 
otherwise,  they  are  left  to  their  liberty  to  make 
choice  of  theur  tenants  best  for  their  profit ;  but 
the  corporations  are  to  plant  with  British. 

7.  We  hold  fit  fit  that  the  undertakers  be 
commanded  to  be  in  Ireland  about  the  begin- 
ning of  May  next,  fiumished  for  the  performing 
of  the  articles  according  to  the  conditions  of 
their  patents  and  bonds.  And  for  that  purpose 
proclamation  shall  presently  be  made  in  Eng- 
land, Scotland,  and  Ireland. 

8.  The  Lord  Deputy  may  appoint  some 
principal  undertaker  seated  near  the  place 
appointed  for  the  corporation  to  build  houses 
for  tradesmen  to  inhabit,  to  hold  of  him  in 
fi:ee  buigage,  at  easy  rents.  The  like  to  a 
principal  servitor,  when  the  land  shall  lie  in 
the  servitors'  precincts.  When  a  sufficient 
number  shall   be   drawn  together,  they   are 


They  have  to  sell, — Great  quantities  of  yam  were 
d  in  Ulster  by  the  native  women  ;  but  we  had 
I  aware,  previously  to  meeting  this  statement  in 
,  that  the  Ulster  cre^ht  constituted,  at  least  to 
itent,  the  native  market-place.    Yet  so  it  was; 

B    2 


because^  no  doubt,  although  movable,  the  citHight's  posi- 
tion was  the  most  public  and  well-known  place  in  any 
district  for  the  time  bdng.  This  little  source  of  rural 
industxy  was  frequently  cbeoced,  and  sometimes  destroyed 
by  the  selfish  and  contzadictoij  laws  which  were  enacted 


4IO 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Other  side  it  is  doubted  if  any  Englishmen  or 
Scottishmen  of  trades  or  occupations  can  be 
brought  to  any  of  those  places  where  the 
corporations  are  to  be  seated  in  any  due  time. 
Some  principal  gentlemen  in  Ireland  should  be 
made  chiefs  and  superintendents  of  each 
coqx)ration,  to  draw  people  thither  by  choice, 
and  to  maintain  order  until  the  same  shall 
increase  to  a  sufficent  number,  and  then  they 
should  be  incorporated,  and  command  be  left 
with  the  mayor. 

9.  That  the  2,000  acres  allotted  to  Art 
McBaron  during  his  life  may  be  passed  to  him 
and  his  now  >vife,  and  the  longest  liver  of  them, 
who  are  both  exceeding  old ;  by  which  means 
the  Lord  Deputy  thinks  he  shall  bring  him  to 


to  be  incorporated,  and  their  chief  magistrate 
to  be  named.  The  land  for  the  site  of  the 
town  to  be  granted  in  fee-farm  to  the  under- 
taker or  servitor,  who  is  to  be  bound  to 
performance  within  a  competent  time. 


9.  Letters  are  already  sent  to  this  effect 
See  p.  218. 


from  time  to  time  on  the  subject  of  Irish  linen  yam,  these 
laws  being  always  framed  so  as  to  bring  the  largest  pos- 
sible revenue  to  the  Crown.     Among  the  Carew  MSS, 
is  a  "Note  of  Rates  for  the  Wages  of  Artificers,  Labourers, 
and  Household  Servants,  set  down  within  the  county  of 
Tyrone,"  which  has  reference,  no  doubt,  to  the  state  of 
affairs  preceding  the  plantation,   and   which,  therefore, 
is  now  of  special  interest.     We  subjoin  it  in  extniso^  as 
follows  : — **  I.  All  manner  of  persons  being  under  the  age 
of  50  years,  not  having  to  the  value  of  6/.  sterling,  of 
their  own  proper  goods,  shall  be  compelled  to  labour  for 
their  living.     2.  No  labourers  or  servants  shall  depart  out 
of  one  barony  into  another  without  leave  of  a  justice  of 
j)eace.     3.   No  person  not  having  the  eighth  part  of  a 
plough   shall  keep  any  servant  in  his  house,  but  shall 
labour  and  do  his  work  himself.     4.  No  person  shall  hire 
any  servant  for  less  than  a  year.     5.   No  servant  shall  de- 
part from  his  master  without  giving  a  quarter's  warning 
before  witness,   and  at  the  end  of  his  term  the  master 
shall  give  him  a  certificate  of  good  behaviour,  upon  pain 
of  40J.     6.  All  masters  shall  pay  their  servants  quarterly, 
7.  No  person  shall  harbour  or  relieve  any  ser\'ant,  being 
departeil  from  his  master  without  certificate, upon  pain  of 
ioj.     8.   Every  plough  holder  shall  have  for  wages  by  the 
quarter  6j.  &/.  sterling,  with  meat  and  drink.     9.   Every 
leader  of  the  plough  shall  have  by  the  quarter  5j.,  as  be- 
fore.    10.   Ever)-  beam  holder  shall  have  by  the  quarter 
y.  4//.  sterling.     II.  A  jjood  servant  maid  by  the  year, 
\os.     12.   Ever)' young  girl  serving,  rateably  [or  in  pro- 
|)orlion].     13.  A  cowboy,   for  every  cow,   for  the  half 
year,  I  ^f/.    14.  A  cowboy  for  two  heifers,  I ^.    15.  Every 
lalM)urcr  shall  l)e  hired  by  the  day  with  meat,  2</.     16. 
From    Michaelmas  to   our  Lady   Day  in  Lent,  with  a 
dinner,  2i{.      17.   Ever)*  labourer  without  meat,  jxir  day, 
4//.     18.  A  master  carpenter  or  mason  shall  have,  per 
tiay,    with    meat    and    drink,    (xl,       19.   Without   meat 


and  drink,  \2d,  20.  All  under-ourpenters  and  oaioii* 
being  next  to  the  master,  per  day,  with  meat  and  drink. 
4z/.  21.  Without  meat  and  drink,  %d,  23.  Ereiy  tp- 
prentice,  being  able  to  work  well,  %d,  33.  For  mikiaf 
everv  plough  beam,  with  meat,  %d.  24.  For  tke  bat 
cowhide,  5^.  25.  For  the  largest  pair  of  broaghs,  9/. 
26.  For  the  second  sort,  %d,  27.  For  women's  broogliSi 
6</.  28.  The  best  plough  iron  dudl  be  scM  for  41.  39. 
For  making  a  plough  iron,  the  owner  finding  iroo,  iS^ 
3a  For  the  best  mending  of  a  plough  iron,  as  before,  %i. 
31.  Every  smith  shall  bring  axes,  spades,  shovels,  aad 
such  necessaries  to  the  common  markets.  32.  A  vetTcr 
shall  have  for  every  weaver's  slatt  containing  three  market 
slatts,  4//.,  and  eight  quarts  of  meal,  of  l.OOO  or  i,6ao  a 
medder  of  meal,  and  \d.  33.  For  every  such  sUtt  fif 
eight  or  nine  hundred,  4//.,  and  eight  quarts  of  meaL  34> 
For  every  like  slatt  of  six  or  seven  hundred,  id,  and  fou 
Quarts  of  meal.  35.  For  the  best  brackan  wcitui|^  afta 
the  rate  of  the  l>est  linen  cloth, .     561  All  other 


coarse  plodding  [plaiding]  after  the  rate  of  eight  or  M 

hundred, .     37.  For  weaving  a  mantk,  a  medder 

or  two  gallons  of  meal,  and  vi,  38.  For  weaviog  the 
best  caddowe,  a  medder  of  meal  and  44/.  39.  For  «ei** 
ing  a  jerkin  cloth,  2d,  40.  For  weaving  of  a  trass  cklk. 
\ii,  41.  A  cottener,  for  the  best  mantle  coctcDed  xk  tk 
best  fashion,  his  dinner  and  dd.  42.  For  cottening  o(  a 
second,  being  coarser,  his  dinner  and  44/.  43.  For  ootiei- 
ing  the  best  mantle,  with  cards,  his  dinner  and  itL  44* 
For  cottening  the  best  caddowe,  with  cards,  his  diner 
and  dd,  45.  For  cottening  the  best  caddowe,  with  aheuit 
being  the  best  fashion,  €d,  46.  For  cottenini  a  jcii* 
cloth,  2d,  47.  For  a  trous  cloth,  \d,  4S.  Efcry  ok 
leaving  or  rehising  to  work*  because  of  these  lates  ii  tP  be 
fined  401. ,  or  imprisoned,  ontil  he  be  *^«««tfit.  4^  EvBf 
tradesman  working  at  these  rates  is  to  have  —^*^ 
follow  his  other  biuin< 


THE  LONDONERS  PLANTATION. 


411 


re  out  of  O'Neiland  [Oneilan]  with  a  good 
irhich  will  be  a  great  furtherance  towards 
moving  of  the  rest  of  the  natives ;  for  his 
)le  will  prevail  much  with  them  every- 

See  p.  219. 
That  the  grant  made  to  Sir  Oghy  O'Hanlon 
ir  score  pounds  sterling  during  his  life,  in   ' 
f  his  estate  and  interest  in  the  barony  of 
be  confirmed,  which  he  is  paid  out  of  the 
of  Orier  until  Michaelmas  next 
That  Connor  Roe  McGuire  may  have  a 
)n  of  200/.  a  year  for  life,  which  has  been 
d  him,  and  50/.  to  one  of  his  sons  after 
xease,  for  like  term,  to  which  he  would 
en  listen,  but  prepares  to  come  over  and 
further  suitor  to  his  Majesty  for  recom- 
for  the  three  baronies,  and  all  the  islands 
were  taken  from  him.    See  pp.  no,  229. 
That  the  concealed  lands  in  either  pre- 
if  any  there  be,  may  be  bestowed  on 
)rs  or  natives. 


10.  This  also  they  hold  reasonable;  and  his 
Majesty  has  given  warrant  for  that  purpose. 
See  p.  64. 


11.  They  think  this  reasonable,  if  it  will  be 
accepted  by, Connor  Roe.  If  not,  then  the 
Lord  Deputy  and  Council  are  to  establish  and 
maintain  the  Lord  Burleigh  in  the  possession, 
leaving  Connor  Roe  to  take  his  remedy  (61). 
For  this  there  is  likewise  a  letter  procured  from 
his  Majesty. 

12.  Concealments  in  the  British  undertakers' 
precincts  should  be  passed  to  them  for  these 
reasons,  viz.,  First,  the  survey  falls  out  to  be 
imperfect,  and  to  do  as  proposed  would  breed 


//is  remedy. — This  was  the  result  of  all  the  fine 
promises  held  out  to  Connor  Roe  Maguire  from 
)  time  (see  pp.  no,  229).  Lord  Burleigh,  who 
)w  to  get  possession  of  Maguire*s  castie  of  Lis- 
;h  and  its  adjoining  lands,  was  Sir  Michael  Bal- 
eated  Lord  Burleigh  in  1607.  This  Scottish  under- 
although  twice  married,  had  only  one  child,  a 
er,  who  became  the  wife  of  Robert  Amot  of  Fife, 
er  assuming  the  surname  of  Balfour,  and  also  the 

Lord  Balfour  of  Burleigh  ;  but  the  lady  had  only 
name  and  a  title  to  confer  on  her  husband.  Sir 
Jcot  of  Scotstarvet,  refers  to  this  alliance  in  the 
tig  terms  : — *'  Sir  Michael  Balfour  [Viscount  Bur- 
having  but  one  daughter,  behoved,  for  the  great 

of  debt  he  was  in,  to  contract  her  with  Robert 
»  eldest  son,  who  was  depute-comptroller,  who 
)ok  to  pay  the  whole  burdens  of  the  house,  and 

the  name  of  Amot,  and  took  on  him  the  name  of 
• ;  and  yet  the  first  year  of  their  marriage  there 
il  agreement.  Her  son  of  that  marriage,  at  his 
from  France,  without  the  father's  consent,  took  to 

London  the  daughter  of  Sir  William  Balfour  of 
3,  sometime  captain  of  the  Tower  of  London  ; 
t  the  father  was  so  incensed  that  he  did  what  in 
^  to  get  the  marriage  dissolved  by  the  General  As- 
,  in  respect  there  was  no  copulation,  because  the 
vcxasi  had  a  wound  open  on  him,  which  he  had  got 


in  France  some  time  before  the  marriage.  Yet,  within 
a  year  thereafter,  the  young  folks  agreed  and  came  to- 
gether." (See  The  Staggering  State  of  Scottish  Statesmen, 
PP*  97f  98).  The  injustice  of  thus  treating  Connor  Roe 
Maguire,  who  had  always  fought  on  the  side  of  the  Eng- 
lish, will  appear  the  more  flagrant  from  the  fact  that  eyea 
Chichester  himself,  so  late  as  1608,  did  not  see  how  they 
were  to  violate  the  promises  made  to  that  native  chief. 
In  the  deputy's  "notes  of  remembrances''  drawn  up  in 
the  autumn  of  that  year,  he  says  : — **  Fermanagh  cannot 
be  divided  as  the  Cavan,  by  reason  of  Connor  Roe 
Maguyre,  who  has  a  patent  of  the  whole  country  passed 
unto  him  in  the  late  Queen's  time,  but  upon  conference 
and  advice  had  with  him  by  the  Deputy  and  Council  for 
the  settlement  of  his  kinsman  Cow  Connought  [Cucon- 
naght]  Maguyre,  and  of  that  country,  he  was  content 
to  submit  himself  to  their  order  for  a  new  division,  ' 
upon  which,  three  baronies  of  the  seven  were  allotted  to 
him,  the  said  Connor  Roe,  with  promise  of  letters  patent 
for  the  same,  which,  in  his  [Chichester's]  opinion,  were 
meet  to  be  passed  to  him,  with  a  clause  to  make  a  com- 
petent number  of  freeholders  of  the  natives  of  that  county, 
and  with  reservation  of  rent  to  his  Majesty."  But  Chi- 
chester's opinion  soon  underwent  a  very  decided  change. 
Every  sentiment  of  justice  in  this  case,  to  say  nothing  of 
gratitude  for  past  services,  were  to  be  set  aside  in  the  in- 
terest of  plantation. 


412 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


13.  That  Sir  Ralph  Bingley  may  be  in 
reversion  of  the  1,000  acres  assigned  to  the 
E^l  of  Tyrconneirs  mother  and  the  widow 
O'Boyle.     See  pp.  228,  328. 

14.  That  some  forts  be  built  in  the  barony 
of  Loughinsolin,  or  one  at  the  least,  and  means 
for  the  same.     See  p.  252. 

15.  The  Castle  of  Cavan  to  be  strengthened, 
and  money  assigned  for  this,  and  the  fort  in 
Loughinsolin. 


confusion  amongst  the  undertaken,  and  00a- 
sion  many  suits  between  them  and  the  seniton 
and  natives.  Secondly,  the  concealmenU 
might  fall  in  such  places  as  would  make  the 
rest  of  the  proportion  useless,  if  granted  my. 
Thirdly,  it  would  cause  an  intermiztuie  of 
natives  and  servitors  with  the  British  unda- 
takers  contrary  to  the  project  of  {dantadoo. 
Besides,  it  .is  against  their  promise  to  die 
undertakers.  If  any  concealments  fall  out  to 
be  within  the  natives'  and  servitors'  predndSi 
the  like  benefit  is  to  be  theirs.  Lastly,  bj  this 
proposition  the  bbhops  and  deans  would  be 
prejudiced  who  have  some  lands  passed  to 
undertakers  by  the  defects  of  the  map,  which 
are  to  be  restored. 

13.  Granted. 


14.  Answer  suspended  till  the  Loodooen^ 
agents  are  made  acquainted  with  the  site  of  die 
fort  and  the  land  to  be  laid  to  it,  when  die 
Londoners  will  retium  a  reasonable  answer  (62)^ 

15.  The  castle  to  be  granted  to  soffle 
servitor,  according  to  the  Articles  of  PlantatM 
who,  with  the  ruins  and  stores  of  the  casdCi 
may  build  in  some  fit  place  there  a  stone  hootf 
of  strength  (63). 


(62).  Reas<mabU  answer, — It  would  appear  that  certain 
servitors  had  induced  John  Rowley  to  accede  so  far  to 
their  views,  about  fort-building  in  Glanconkeyne,  as  to 
arouse  the  suspicion  of  the  Londoners  about  their  agent's 
honesty  of  pur}X>se,  and  indeed  to  cause  his  dismissal 
from  their  service  altogether.  Sir  Frances  Cooke  men- 
tions this  business  in  a  letter  to  Salisbury,  written  at 
*CoIrain,'  but  without  date,  as  follows  : — "Recommends 
the  l)earer,  Mr.  Rowley,  to  whom  he  is  much  engaged 
[indebted]  for  entertaining  him  in  his  house  since  he  lay 
in  garrison  at  Colerain,  and  for  his  furtherance  of  the 
erecting  of  the  forts  in  Glanconcane,  which  were  found  to 
be  iH)on  some  part  of  the  Bishop  of  Derry's  lands,  which 
he  [Rowley]  had  in  lease,  and  which  he  yielded  up 
without  making  any  contract  of  allowance  of  other  lands. 


He  was  at  the  first,  and  till  now  of  late,  chief  anCfe 
the  Londoners*  plantation  in  Ulster,  where  he  P^oote] 
has  been  continual  eye-witness  of  his  daily  tntveb  ii 
forwarding  the  work  of  the  plantation  and  the  nxtificitioBk 
And  now,  in  lieu  of  recompense,  he  has  snfiend  ttd^ 
served  disgrace,  by  bein^  displaced  in  a  stnnee  kiii»t 
under  pretence  of  neglecting  the  city*s  rLoodoiiiJ,  tad  iW 
only  in  one  particular,  in  accepting  a  leaaeof  soowiMitrf 
the  Bishop  of  Deny's  lands,  offered  to  him  by  "'Jff 
bishop  [Babbingtonj  for  a  sum  of  money  ami  somi  ^~ 
sies  done  him  [the  bishop]  by  Mr.  Rowley  looa 
England." 

(63).  ffimse  df  stremgtk.^'FQi  the  site  of  theoU 
of  the  O'Reillys  at  CaTsn,  see  ^  113.    The  0 
London,  writmg  to  Chichester  m  Apdlt  1611, 


THE   LONDONERS     PLANTATION. 


413 


lat  one  of  the  commanders  may  be 

i  overseer  of  the  plantation  in  each 

dth  a  fee  of  los.  a  day. 

lat  where  parcels  of  land  belonging  to 

)rmer  grants  are  passed  in  the  patents, 

hester]  may  be  at   liberty  to  revoke 

ats,  to  restore  to  the  former  proprietors 

ongs   to   them,   and  to  re-grant   the 

r  (at  a  rateably  reduced  rent)  to  the 

,  or  with  money  to  compound  with 

ietors. 

lat  Sir  Henry  Docwra  be   dealt  with 

irrender  of  his  grant  of  the  provost- 

erry. 

were  not  amiss  to  be  thought  of  how 

IS  will  plant  when  the  natives  remove 

leir  goods  20  or  30  miles  from  them, 

?y  must  do  \Vhen  they  are  all  driven 

ner,  as  in  Tyrone  and  Donegal,  fearing 

thus  : — **It  remains  that  they  take  notice  of  a 
ed  to  them  by  Lieutenaut  Wallop,  who  is 
ed  to  them  as  a  person  fit  to  undertake  the  old 
Lvan  and  the  land  allotted  unto  It,  which  is  to 
i  unto  some  servitor,  according  to  the  articles 
Dn,  and  whose  suit  they  recommend  to  his 
:onsideration."  ' 

fa//<mw/. — The  office  thus  sought  to  be  created, 
mptly  disallowetl,  was  that  of  'overseer,*  a 
or  muster- master.  In  September,  1610,  Chi- 
^mmended  the  appointment  in  Ulster  of  Capt. 
ngley  **that  he  may  see  and  certify  whether 
idertakers]  have  observed,  or  shall  observe  the 

plantation."  Some  months  later,  it  would 
n  the  text,  an  *  overseer'  was  expected  to  be 
for  each  of  the   six   counties  in    Ulster,  and 

was  so  anxious  about  this  matter  that  he 
lis  reasons  in  detail  to  the  London  authorities, 
t  every  man,"  says  he,  "above  the  age  of  16 
nt  himself  to  this  muster,  whether  Irish,  Eng- 
ttish,  that  it  may  appear  how  strong  they  are 
»ral  septs,  and  how  far  the  chief  of  every  sept 
ke  for  the  rest,  and  how  many  of  them  be  sword- 
men,  farmers,  or  labourers.  The  swordmen  are 
account  how  they  live,  and  what  means  they 
port  their  idle  life  ;  if  they  cannot,  they  must 
;ties  for  their  forthcoming  at  all  times  when 
'  shall  call  for  them,   or  else  be  reputed  as 

and  so  subject  to  the  punishment  of  the  law 
..  The  tradesmen  dispersed  must  also  give  an 
y  they  draw  not  themselves  to  live  in  corpora- 


16.  Thought  inconvenient  for  many  reasons, 
and  not  allowed  (64). 

17.  This  article  is  too  general  to  be 
answered,  except  for  the  lands  of  the  Dean  of 
Armagh.  The  patent  to  be  cancelled  and  the 
same  restored  to  him ;  and  so  much  conceal- 
ment as  shall  fall  out  in  the  precinct  of  that 
undertaker  to  be  allowed  to  him  in  recompense 
thereof,  and  the  rent  to  be  abated  proportion- 
ally. 

18.  Already  granted. 


19.  The  undertakers  have  license  to  trans- 

'  port  victuals  and  all  manner  of  necessaries  for 

their  plantation,  custom  free,  and  have  been 

forewarned  to  make  their  provisions  from  hence 

for  the  first  year. 

tions  (as  the  form  is  in  all  civil  governments),  as  well  to 
enable  the  town  incorporated,  as  also  themselves,  for  the 
supplying  of  the  wants  of  them  who  may  have  use  of 
them,   as  the  shoemakers,    tailors,   masons,    carpenters, 
tinkers,  weavers,  and  such  like,  who  if  there  be  use  of 
them,  they  are  so  remote  and  dispersed  without  order, 
that  they  cannot  be  found  ;  and  when  they  be  found,  they 
have  not  wherewithal  to  serve  the  turn  by  reason  of  their 
idle  life.     This  muster  shall,  therefore,  forbid  any  man  of 
trade  or  occupation  to  trade  or  occupy  at  all  if  he  live 
without  a  town  incorporated,  except  by  special  license 
from  the  Lx)rd  Deputy  or  president  of  the  province  where 
they  live.     The  farmer  or  labourer  shall  imitate  a  civil 
kind  of  life,  and  leave  that  barbarous  manner  of  wearing 
glybbs  and  other  unseemly  things,  and  frame  himself  ta 
the  English  fashion.    They  all  in  general  must  be  expressly 
commanded  to  have  a  care  of  their  children  under  tne  age 
of  10  years,  to  set  them  to  school,  or  to  such  courses  as 
may  teach  them  civility,  and  enable  them  to  get  their 
living  honestly.     By  this  muster  his  Majesty  shall  know 
what  seminaries,  Jesuits,  and  friars,  or  other  disturbers  of 
the  commonwealth,  be  in  this  kingdom.     And  by  this 
muster  he  shall  know  who  refuseth  to  take  the  oath  of 
supremacy  and  allegiance  ;  and  that  none  depart  the  land 
without  license,  nor  any  return  frdtn  beyond  seas,  but 
shall  enter  his  name."    Such  were  some  of  the  objects  to 
be  gained  by  the  appointment  of  muster-masters,  or  (as 
more  mildly  expressed)  overseers,  who,  in  addition  to  all 
other  duties,  would  watch  the  undertakers  and  keep  them 
rigidly  to  their  engagements.     The  council  in  London  did 
not  approve  of  Chichester's  scheme,  and  would  not  intro* 
duce  it  at  all,  at  least  then. 


414 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER, 


they  [the  settlers]  will  have  means  to  victual 
themselves  without  them  [the  natives]. 

20.  That  the  Lord  Deputy  and  commissioners 
may  have  a  general  warrant  to  dispose  of  Sir 
Henry  Oge*s  country,  which  is  thought  to  be  a 
safer  way  than  reciting  every  man's  name  and 
his  quantity  of  land  in  the  King's  letter. 

21.  Moneys  to  be  sent  sufficient  to  enable 
the  Lord  Deputy  to  satisfy  the  old  citizens  of 
Derry  for  their  estates  made  unto  them  by  Sir 
Henry  Docwra  and  Sir  George  Paulet  See 
supra. 


22.  That  20,000/.  be  laid  in  store  in  Ireland, 
not  to  be  touched  or  opened  without  a  foreign 
occasion,  or  some  great  revolt  at  home. 

23.  Some  of  the  old  and  new  dwellers  in 
the  Derry  do  much  affect  to  be  continued  of 
that  corporation,  and  to  have  like  enfranchise- 
ment with  the  new  colony. 


(65).  With  the  ttiw  colony, — Great  efforts  were  being 
made  by  the  Government  at  this  lime  to  proselytise  the 
natives,  especially  in  and  around  Deny,  as  it  was  supposed 
that  if  they  could  be  drawn  from  the  old  faith,  others 
throughout  Ulster  might  be  the  more  easily  induced  to 
follow  their  example.     The  system  of  threatening  in  this 


20.  Granted,  with  this  caution,  that  it  be 
distributed  to  the  issue  male  of  Sir  Hemy  Oge 
and  their  heu^.  His  Majesty's  warrant  for  this 
purpose  is  procured  and  sent  herewith.  See 
grants,  pp.  318,  319. 

21.  The  sum  of  86/.  ^s,  6if,  has  been 
assigned  to  the  citizens  of  Deny  for  so  much 
paid  by  them  in  fines  to  Sir  Henry  Docwra, 
and  so  much  more  is  now  sent  over  as  was  not 
included  in  Sir  Henry's  certificate.  And 
further  200/.  is  to  be  disposed  among  the 
meaner  sort,  having  respect  to  their  charges  in 
building  since  the  burning  of  the  city,  and  of 
their  continual  and  present  abode  and  resideno& 
And  though  most  of  the  inhabited  part  of  the 
city  be  found  by  office  [inquisition]  to  beloog 
to  the  Bishop  of  Derry,  and  has  been  sur- 
rendered by  him  to  the  King,  and  that  diicn 
of  their  houses  were  erected  since  the  geneol 
restraint  thereof  by  proclamation,  yet  there  nvf 
be  granted  by  them  some  further  satis&dioii 
so  as  in  the  whole  it  exceed  not,  with  theioa 
already  paid,  2,000  nuu-ks.     See  sttfrt. 

22.  His  Majesty  hopes  that  the  expeoKi 
may  be  reduced  by  Chichester's  timely  cat, 
and  that  this  desire  of  his  may  therebj  be 
effected. 

23.  Those  of  them  who  shall  be  ccmknutk 
in  religion,  and  will  undertake  to  ofateticAt 
orders  of  the  city  shall  be  received  to  be  oT 
that  new  Corporation,  and  shall  hxvt  cnta- 
chisement  with  the  new  colony  (65X 

instance  appears  to  have  been  abuidoiied  bythepiiMr 
"  ably  b 


tisers,  probably  because  it  was  found  of  no  avail, 
sought  to  reach  the  end  in  view  by  bribn^tlKi 
Babin^ou,  the  bishop  who  succeeded  MonlfOft^  * 
the  prmdpal  agent  in  thb  work,  and,  on  hkown  «M| 
he  seems  to  have  been  tolcnbly  iiirrcwrnl ,  iM^  ft* " 


THE    LONDONERS     PLANTATION. 


415 


>ome  of  them  offer  to  build  in  such 
aity  and  order  with  them  as  the 
lers  shall  devise,  so  they  be  continued 
estate  they  have. 

>ome  others  to  become  tenants  of  such 
uses  as  shall  be  built  by  the  Londoners, 
or  20  nobles  for  ever)'  100/.  and  so 
ed,  and  so  of  more  or  less  after  that 


The  agents  for  London  allege  they  are 
authority,  so  that  with  them  the  Lord 
can  conclude  nothing. 


24.  None  of  the  old  or  new  dwellers  shall 
claim  any  estate  but  what  they  shall  claim 
from  the  city  [of  London],  in  regard  due  order 
is  taken  for  their  satisfaction. 

25.  The  Londoners  are  first  to  provide 
habitations  for  such  poor  and  necessary  men 
as  they  draw  thither  for  their  business,  and 
after  to  let  for  such  rents  as  shall  be  fitting  as 
well  for  the  good  of  the  plantation  as  for  some 
valuable  rent  (the  charge  considered),  the 
Londoners  always  performing  the  Articles  of 
Plantation. 

26.  The  Londoners  agree  to  give  their  agents 
reasonable  authority,  on  the  agents  representa- 
tion of  the  necessity.  But  the  I^ondoners  must 
provide  that  the  King's  service  be  not  hindered 
for  want  of  authority  in  their  agents. 


sers,  he  most  probably  over-estimated  the  number 
mverts.     Writing  to  Salisbury  on  the  20th  Jan., 

he  refers  to  his  doings  in  Deny,  as  follows  : — 
it  was  at  the  recommendations  of  his  friends, 
us  Caesar,  Mr.  Norton,  Mr.  Levinius,  and 
and     by    his    Lordship's    means    and     favour, 

obtained  the  poor  bishopric  of  Deny,  he 
t  his  duty,  in  order  to  justify  their  recom- 
»ns,  to  acquaint  his  Lordship  before  any  other 
h  occurrents  as  have  here  fallen  out  in  the 
:ical  government  wherewith  he  is  intrusted ;  and 

cannot  say,  as  sometime  Cxsar  did,  K^r/i/,  Vidi, 

he  blesses  God  he  may  boldly  say,  that  in  so 
ime  he  has  prevailed  more  for  the  reformation  of 
r  part  of  his  charge,  than  any  of  his  predecessors 
nany  years.  The  course  he  held  to  bring  them 
■mity  was  in  this  sort  :  Before  he  durst  assemble 
)ublic  manner  the  churchmen  of  his  diocese  for 
•f  things  that  were  enormous,  he  held  it  meet  (in 
prevent  a  tumultuous  and  general  refusal)  to  have 
ivate  speech  with  such  of  the  priests  as  were 
most  principal  and  chief  among  the  residue,  and 
ose  resolution  the  unlearned  multitude  had  their 
mdency.  These  at  the  first  he  found  very  averse 
ctory,  they  stiffly  standing  upon  these  peremptory 
lat  he  ought  not  to  l)egin  to  reform  religion  in 
.rts  until  it  should  generally  be  endeavoured 
•ut  the  whole  kingdom.     Ilowbeit,  notwithstand- 

their  stubbornness,  he  did  not  violently  go  to 
h  them,  nor  urge  them  by  authority,  but  endea- 
ither  to  persuade  their  consciences  by  arguments 
)ns  ;  and  for  that  purpose  called  out  again  some 
iiose  that  were  accounted  chief,  and  dealing  with 


them  lovingly  and  kindly,  and  often  conferring  in  his 
study,  where  they  turned  books  together,  and  forbearing 
to  press  them  with  such  principal  differences  and  grounded 
points  of  their  religion  at  the  nrst  onset,  as  he  well  knew 
they  would  sooner  die  than  yield  unto  on  the  sudden  ;  at 
length  he  overcame  them,  and  persuaded  one  of  them 
named  Owen  M'Cawell,  who  well  understood  English,  to 
accompany  him  (for  example  sake)  to  the  church,  which 
he  publicly  did  in  the  Derry  on  a  sabbath  day  ;  and  there 
placing  him  next  to  himself  [Babington],  he  heard  with 
good  attention  both  service  and  sermon,  to  the  great 
rejoicing  of  all  the  people,  and  gave  good  approbation  of 
their  church  meetings  afterwards,  as  he  sat  at  his  [Babing- 
ton*s]  table  in  the  presence  of  divers  of  good  note."  After 
much  more  to  this  effect,  the  bishop  concludes  with  the 
following  practical  application  of  the  whole  subject  : — 
"Imploring  his  lordship's  [Salisbury's]  favourable  assist- 
ance,  first,  that  in  order  to  meet  the  consequent  expenses 
[of  his  proselytising  exploits]  he  may  be  enabled  to  enjoy 
what  his  Majesty  has  apportioned  him  without  being  en- 
cumbered with  law  suits.  It  was  through  his  lordship's 
favour  he  obtained  the  place,  and  if  his  efforts  be  checked 
for  want  of  support,  the  popish  adversaries  who  had  begun 
to  quail,  will  hi  mightily  strengthened.  Begs  he  may  be 
furnished  with  the  same  authority  as  his  predecessor 
[Montgomery]  had,  whereof  he  would  make  some  good 
use  in  these  rude  and  barbarous  parts,  where  countenance 
and  authority  only,  and  not  religion,  keeps  men  under 
subjection.  But  he  refers  the  consideration  of  all  to  his 
lordship's  wisdom,  and  himself  to  his  patronage,  having 
made  special  choice  of  him  [Salisbury]  to  be  his  only 
Mecenas."  Babington's  wholesale  spoliation  of  church 
property  soon  became  a  subject  of  grave  complaint. 


4i6 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


27.  That  the  Londoners  be  required  to 
provide  people  for  the  plantation  both  of  the 
county  of  Coleraine  and  the  barony  of  Lough- 
insolin,  that  they  may  be  here  in  February 
next  in  good  numbers;  for  that  of  Loughinsolin 
is  not  to  be  inhabited  with  a  few  people,  both 
in  respect  of  the  quantity  of  ground  and  the 
strength  of  fastness,  yet  is  the  soil  as  good  and 
fruitful  as  any  in  Ulster. 

28.  That  there  are  highways  to  be  made,  as 
well  through  the  country  as  along  the  Ban  side ; 
and  that  every  man  by  water  or  land  may  have  a 
free  passage  with  his  goods,  paying  the  custom 
at  settled  places  appointed  by  the  Londoners. 

29.  If  the  Londoners  intend  (as  is  expected) 
a  perfect  plantation,  they  must  have  a  special 


27.  They  are  to  send  their  undertake! 
the  beginning  of  May  next  [161 1],  funi 
for  the  performance  of  the  printed  Articles 
which  time  all  other  undertakers  are  by 
clamation  commanded  to  do  the  like. 


28.  The  highvrays  are  to  be  made  by 
inhabitants  as  the  country  shall  be  peopled 
and  every  man  shall  enjoy  free  passage, 
ject  only  to  such  tolls  as  shall  be  set  do« 
the  Lord  Deputy  and  commissioners  of  pi 
tions,  and  certified  into  Chancery. 

29.  The  Londoners  are  to  furnish  the 
with   sufficient   men    fitting  for    the   pr 


(66).  Shall  be  peopled. — This  important  work  of  road- 
making  was  thus  left  in  the  hands  of  the  Londoners,  and 
as  the  latter  could  see  no  immediate  profits  from  such 
expenditure,  their  tenant-settlers  were  allowed  to  live 
without  the  luxury  of  roads.  There  had  previously 
existed  some  lines  of  road  lying  between  the  principal  old 
Irish  towns  in  the  county  of  Coleraine  ;  but  even  these 
had  become  comparatively  impracticable  from  n^lect  in 
the  time  of  the  war,  whilst  the  country  roads,  narrow  and 
badly  made,  had  become  literally  *  grass-covered,'  because 
'travelled  by  few,*  during  those  dreary  years.  This  state 
of  affairs  continued  for  generations,  and  many  were  the 
complaints  and  remonstrances  from  the  inhabitants  of  the 
county  of  Londonderry  on  the  subject.  The  utter  and 
persistent  neglect  of  those  who  were  called  authorities 
continued,  with  but  slight  intemiptions,  until  far  onward 
in  the  present  century.  The  Rev.  G.  V.  Sampson,  who 
published  his  Memoir  explanatory  of  the  Chart  and  Survey 
of  the  County  of  Londonderry  in  1814,  has  the  following 
account  of  the  roads  therein  : — "The  old  roads  of  this 
county  have  the  faults  of  all  their  contemporaries  before 
the  secret  was  discovered  that  it  is  frequently  a  shorter, 
and  always  an  easier  way  to  pass  round  the  base  than  to 
climb  over  the  summit.  The  foot-path  was  followed  by 
the  bridle-roading ;  to  this  the  slide'Car-track  succeeded  ; 
and  from  the  slow  succession  of  improvements,  in  a  dis- 
trict  which  the  linen  trade  alone  has  rescued  from  p>overty, 
it  was  much  easier  to  mend  a  bad  road  than  to  originate 
a  good.  In  various  parts  of  the  country,  great  improve- 
ments are  going  on ;  some  consist  in  opening  new  com- 
munications  through  districts  hitherto  savage,  but  which 
may  become  profitdu  and  civilised*  I  f  the  communications 
from  one  distnct  of  the  country  to  another,  by  means  of 
public  roads,   had  been  ori^^nally  laid  out  by  skilful 


arrangements,  it  would  have  required  no  engineeriB 
ficiency  to  have  found  a  near,  and  compantiid] 
track,  from  the  mid-district  of  the  Bann  to  Londoi 
through  the  pass  of  Glen  Ulleren.  The  road  by  N> 
[Limavady]  leads  too  far  to  the  north  ;  that  1^  Di 
is  equally  out  of  the  way  to  the  south ;  hy  cron 
river  Roe  in  some  intermediate  part,  yon  might  p 
base  of  Loughermore  on  either  side  (p.  214). 
two  roads,  leading  not  merely  'from  the  mid-dot 
the  Bann,'  but  from  Dungannon  to  Derry,  existed  i 
world  times,  and  one  or  other  of  them  was  InTcn 
circumstances  dictated,  by  Chichester  and  his  a 
cavalcade,  when  engaged  in  his  seven  'civilising*  c 
tions  to  the  North.  I?  the  weather  chanced  tolx 
the  mountain  road  leading  by  Dungivin  was  imp 
able,  and  the  party  had  then  to  keep  down  throm 
woods  of  Lough-inis-O'Lynu,  until  tney  came  to  a 
resting  place  at  Desert-Lynn,  nearthepresentDesolB 
The  march  thence  lay  along  the  Bann,  and  the  party 
either  reach  Coleraine  on  that  route  or  strike  off 
left  in  the  mid-district  of  the  Bann,  and  so  pass  tb 
Limavadie  to  the  Deny.  Sampsoo  states  that  "(b 
line  opened  [in  1814  ?]  through  Glesshane^  betvee 
south-eastern  and  norUi-westem  parts  of  the  oootfji 
great  utility."  No  doubt ;  but  it  was  veiy  hie  it 
opened.  There  was  an  old  road  once  throq^  GkM 
along  which,  when  Chichester  and  his  party  pMKd 
Dungannon  to  Coleraine,  in  the  Augot  of  16A 
wild  inhabitants,"  as  Davys  tells  tu,  "woodoedtfi 
to  see  the  King's  deputy,  as  theghorts  in  ViigiiMd 
to  see  i&ieas  auve  in  hdL"  The  GkmhawM^  p>i 
even  yet,  would  stare  Tigorooslj  at  a  wd  I 
followed  by  an  amy." 


THE  LONDONERS  PLANTATION. 


417 


choose  four'  substkntial^  wise,  and  dis- 
tizens,  to  be  sent  over  immediately 
iristmas ;  such  as  shall  have  no  interest 
)it  there  or  leave  their  posterity  behind 
lit  merely  for  the  good  of  the  city  and 
tation,  to  employ  their  best  endeavours 
rd  the  business,  and  to  allot  every  man 
)ortion  in  the  country ;  to  whose  report 
y  confide,  and  on  it  form  their  plans ; 
i  also  that  they  have  full  power  to  con- 
1  all  questions  with  the  Deputy, 
'hat  the  Londoners  be  dealt  with  by 
*sty  to  have  the  barony  of  Loughinsolin 
sposed  of  by  the  Lord  Deputy  to  the 
;  and  natives,  being  observed  to  be  a 
as  strong  in  fastness  on  every  side  as 
Ulster,  difficult  and  unlikely  to  be 
d  by  the  Londoners  with  English  in 
;es,  of  which  opinion  their  own  agents 


afTairs,  and  further  to  perform  the  Articles  of 
Plantation. 


/hether  the  Lord  Deputy  shall  con- 
e  natives  to  remove  at  May  next  [161 1], 
ig  to  the  proclamation,  if  they  obstinate- 
;  the  same. 

'hat  the  forts  in  the  north  be  victualled 
i  months. 


he  Archbishop  of  Cashel  (see  pp.  183, 
1  the  surrender  of  the  bishoprics  of 
rd  and  Lismore  to  Dr.  Lancaster,  had 
'diam  given  him  of  Killalloe  and  Ard- 
wro  other  poor  bishoprics,  which  the 
iputy  desires  may  be  bestowed  on  him, 
they  were  long  since  promised  by  the 
md  Council. 


30.  The  Londoners  have  been  dealt  with 
concerning  this ;  but,  as  that  barony  affords 
most  timber  necessary  for  their  shipping  and 
building,  and  lies  upon  the  river  Ban  inost 
commodious  for  their  business,  they  are  not 
willing  to  leave  it,  affirming  that  it  would  be 
the  overthrow  of  their  plantation.  They  [the 
council]  consequently  decline  to  press  them, 
but  urged  them  to  a  careful  performance  of 
their  contract,  which  they  have  promised  to  do 
with  all  speed. 

31.  The  Lord  Deputy  is  to  proceed  in  the 
constant  execution  of  the  Articles  of  Planta- 
tion ;  but  in  case  of  sudden  emergency  which 
cannot  be  certified  hither  and  directed  from 
here,  he  is  to  use  his  discretion. 

32.  They  approve  of  this  proposition  in 
general ;  but  as  there  are  forts  near  the  sea,  and 
otherwise  conveniently  situated,  which  do  not 
require  this  provision,  they  leave  it  to  his  dis- 
cretion to  distinguish  these  forts. 

33.  Agreed;  and  a  warrant  dispatched  for 
this  purpose. 


4i8 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


34.  The  galley  that  lieth  before  the  city  of 
Dublin,  in  the  river,  is  a  superfluous  charge  to 
his  Majesty.  The  Lord  Deputy  desires  that, 
if  Captain  Vaughan's  motion  is  approved,  some 
order  may  be  taken  for  it 

35.  That  the  Lord  Deputy  may  have  allow- 
ance for  235  beeves  taken  from  him  for  the 
new  plantation  in  Cavan,  and  1,300  barrels  of 
tithe  com,  which  this  year  goeth  from  him,  and 
was  passed  away  in  the  government  of  Sir 
George  Carey  [Carew]  to  Sir  Richard  Cooke, 
without  which  the  Deputy  cannot  maintain  the 
port  of  his  estate. 

36.  That  the  parsons  or  rectors  may  have  60 
acres  of  land  for  their  glebe  next  adjoining  to 
each  church.  The  bishops  to  be  moved  to 
yield  the  same,  taking  so  much  land  further 
off.     See  p.  91. 


34.  The  Admiral  has  taken  order. 


37.  How  many  head  of  cattle  the  under- 
takers may  yearly  import,  besides  household 
stuff? 


(66).  Yearly, — The  two  items  of  beeves  and  com,  thus 
so  essential  to  Chichester,  in  maintaining  'the  port  of  his 
estate,'  were,  from  that  time,  supplied  to  him  in  a  simpler 
and  better  form.  The  beeves  had  been  forcibly  collected 
from  the  people  of  Cavan  for  many  years,  and  the  imposi- 
tion would  have  no  doubt  gone  on  for  many  years  longer, 
but  that  the  interests  of  the  plantation  in  that  county 
required  that  it  should  cease, — at  least  to  be  inflicted  in 
the  old  style.  The  leading  families  of  the  great  O'Reilly 
clan  were  estranged  from  each  other  by  English  influence 
t«  jwards  the  close  of  the  sixteenth  century.  John  O'Reilly, 
the  representative  of  the  principal  branch,  appealed  from 
his  kinsmen  to  the  authorities  m  the  Pale,  who  willingly 
espoused  his  quarrel,  and  had  him  at  once  knighted  and 
constituted  the  *  Queen's  O'Reilly. '  They  next  appointed 
commissioners  to  go  into  Cavan  and  settle  the  disputes 
between  him  and  his  kinsmen.  But  the  commissioners' 
mode  of  settlement  had  onlv  the  effect  of  making  **the 
confusion  worse  confounded,  '  by  assigning  an  unduly  ex- 


35.  For  the  beeves  he  shall  have  235/.  Eng- 
lish, being  20X.  English  the  beef;  and  for  the 
com  of  Dunboyne,  estimated  at  1,200  pecki» 
rated  51.  the  peck,  240/.  English  yearly  (66). 


36.  That  the  Bishops  of  Cloghrr  and  Rj^jhoe, 
and  Sir  Oliver  Lambert  in  person,  and  tbe 
Bishop  of  Derry  by  his  agent  have  yielded  thdr 
consent ;  and  the  Lord  Deputy  and  commis- 
sioners are  to  deal  with  the  Primate,  the  Bishop 
of  Kilmore,  and  Sir  Garrett  Moore  to  the  like 
effect ;  the  same  to  be  established  by  deaee 
and  exchange,  and  afterwards  by  Act  of  Pttlii- 
ment. 

37.  For  2,000  acres,  and  so  rateably,  the 
undertaker  for  the  first  year  may  carry  20  am 
2  bulls,  and  20  young  store  cattle ;  xoo  eiei 
and  6  rams;  20  mares,  horses,  and  cohs; » 
many  swine  as  he  will — not  exceeding  ten  (67). 

tensive  sweep  of  the  lands  in  CaTui  to  Sir  John  RdD^ 
and  leaving  other  leading  fiunilies  compintivdy  laadte 
It  turned  out,  however,  that,  as  compensation  far  Mc 
such  an  amount  of  harm  in  so  short  a  time  to  the  peopktf 
Cavan,  the  government  of  the  Pale,  actii^  throcHeh  thetki 
deputy.  Sir  John  Perrott,  established  for  tttdf  tbe  M 
of  collecting  220  fat  cattle  yearly  from  the  fanns  of  w 
county ;  and  this  imposition  had  been  rigidly  CBfcrac^ 
One  of  the  two  commissioners,  who  had  takoi  an  adivr 

f>art  in  the  pretended  settling  of  the  O'ReiUys,  was  tfiB 
iving  in  the  year  1607,  and  then  boasted  to  Sir  Johi 
Davvs  that  they,  the  commissioners,  **  had  been  weDpsid 
for  their  pains,  for  he,  although  having  least,  had  a  100 
fat  beeves  given  him  by  the  country."  Davys  addi»  «h9 
mentioning  this  matter,  '*that  the  whole  mmberof  IV 
beeves  the  deputy  hath  ever  since  taken  yearly  ksm  the 
country." 

(67).  Not  excetdmr  i^.— There    was   a  fiiulaliiw 
against  removing  cattle  of  any  dcKripCkm  from  Emin' 


i 


THE  LONDONERS  PLANTATION.  419 

38.  That  those  of  the  county  of  Donegal  38.  The  Londoners  agree  to  allow  those  of 

and  those  of  Tyrone,  that  border  and  are  next  Donegall  and  of  Tyrone  that  border  upon 
to  the  Londoners,  may  have  sufficient  timber  Loughinsolin,  timber  for  their  buildings,  if 
from  the  Londoners'  lands.  they  have  not  enough  of  their  own,  provided 

they  take  it  by  their  assignment  and  according 
to  the  book  of  Plantation. 
Chichester  has  endorsed  the  foregoing  important  paper  thus : — "  The  Lords  aunswers  by 
postylls  to  certayne  propositions  of  myne,  concerning  matter  of  the  Plantation  of  Ulster."  These 
queries  on  his  part  show  how  thoroughly  his  mind  was  absorbed  in  the  subject ;  and  also  how  very 
well  posted  up  the  commissioners  for  Irish  Causes  must  have  been  on  every  point  relating  to 
northern  affairs.  These  commissioners  appear  to  have  carefully  scanned  every  proposition 
submitted  by  the  Irish  deputy,  assenting  to  some  few  of  minor  importance,  but  disallowing  wholly 
or  in  part  many  others  to  which  Chichester  had  evidently  expected  affirmative  replies.  Thus,  at  a 
time  when  he  might  have  reasonably  hoped  for  some  rest  from  his  labours,  as  well  as  the  entire 
approval  of  his  employers,  he  had  neither  the  one  nor  the  other.  He  must  pocket  his  'postylls'  to 
prepare  for  other  and  equally  arduous  tasks. 

X. 

In  the  noisy  discussions  which  marked  the  early  days  of  the  Ulster  plantation  the  Londoners 
had  a  prominent  place,  and  indeed  their  career  generally,  as  colonists,  in  this  northern  province, 
has  been,  with  only  some  short  intervals,  a  stormy  one.  Their  first  troubles  arose  principally  from 
jealousies  between  themselves  and  the  servitors,  fomented  by  various  circumstances,  but  chiefly 
because  they  had  utterly  refused  to  surrender,  or  even  share  the  barony  of  Loughinsholin  with  the 
latter,  and  had  besides  been  charged  with  adopting  a  too  grasping  policy,  considering  that  the  ser- 
vitors had  consented  to  meet  their  [the  Londoners']  wishes  on  certain  territorial  questions  already 
mentioned.  In  truth,  the  Londoners  seem,  from  the  very  commencement  of  their  career,  to  have 
required  sharp  watching,  for  it  soon  became  apparent  that  they  had  gone  into  this  colonising 
transaction  only  with  the  one  real  object  of  self-aggrandisement.  There  were  already  statements 
afloat  on  all  sides  of  their  selfish  mal-practices,  their  selling  timber,  setting  their  lands  at  exorbitant 
rents  to  the  natives,  and  gleaning  up  even  at  their  very  arrival  about  2,000/.,  without  anything  like 
an  adequate  outlay  in  planting  their  towns  and  territories  generally.  Among  these  statements, 
several  of  which  were  very  soon  committed  to  paper,  one  in  particular  occupied  a  prominent  place, 
and  although  it  appears  to  have  been  forwarded  anonymously  to  the  Government,  it  bears  decided 
internal  evidence  of  being  an  emanation  of  Sir  Thomas  Phillips's  brain.  The  document  in 
question  was  prepared  evidently  about  the  close  of  161 2,  and  its  purpose,  as  the  contents 
sufficiently  indicate,  was  to  keep  the  authorities  on  the  alert  about  the  doings  and  non-doings  of  the 

or   Scotland   without   permission ;    but   the  undertakers  few  instances, — for  the  sufficient  reason  that  they  found 

thus  appear  to  have  had  a  special  exemption  to  some  all  sorts  of  cattle  in  Ulster  as  profitable,  and  better  suited 

«nall    extent   fi-om    this    prohibitory  law.      It    is    not  to  the  soil  than  any  they  coula  import  from  north  or  south 

likely,  however,  that  either  the  English  or  Scottish  under-  of  the  Tweed.     See  p.  375. 
takers  took  advantage  of  this  indulgence,  except  in  a  very 


420 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Londoners,  especially  on  the  banks  of  the  Foyle  and  the  Bann.     "By  the  Articles  of  Covenant,  _ 
says  this  formidable  accuser,  "dated  the  28th  of  January,  1609,  the  Londoners  were  tied  tohar^ 
built  at  the  November  following,  60  houses  in  the  Derrie,  and  40  in  Coleraine,  with  fortificatioiK  / 
the  rest,  viz.,  140  at  the  Derrie,  and  60  at  Coleraine,  to  be  performed  by  November,  161 1,  which 
was  not  performed  accordingly.     At  the  Derrie  almost  all  to  do  at  this  day.     ["They  should  ha\-e 
built  before  this  at  the  Derrie  200  houses,  and  now  there  are  not  20."]     Much  defect  is  obsen*ed 
even  by  the  Irish  themselves,  in  their  [the  Londoners']  proceedings.     No  undertakers  sent  orer  bf 
them  to  inhabit  the  country ;  nor  any  of  wealth  for  the  towns ;  and  all  that  is  done  is  of  little 
worth  without  being  peopled.     The  natives  still  remain,  contrary  to  the  proclamation  and  order  of 
the  state,  and  encouraged  thereto  by  their  agent  [Tristram  Beresford].    The  danger  of  fortification 
to  be  considered  without  inhabitants  to  keep  it     That  order  be  taken  for  supply  of  inhalMtants» 
and  storehouses  for  munition  and  arms.     Special  regard  for  Culmore  (see  p.  104),  to  be  weU 
manned  and  victualled.     That  bridges  be  made  over  the  two  rivers  to  Derrie  and  Coleraine  for  tibe 
speedy  conveying  of  supply  upon  any  occasion.     That  the  Londoners,  seeking  manifestly  their  own 
private  advantage,  neglect  the  common  good,  and  convert  much  timber  to  merchantable  usa 
That  there  are  particular  ends  sought  after,  as  may  appear  among  the  chief  of  them  in  buying  of 
parts  (68).     That  fortifications  be  hastened  for  the  safety  of  the  people  at  the  Derrie,  always 


(68).  Buying  of  parts. — The  chief  sinner  among  the 
I>ondoners  in  the  matter  of  buying  up  good  things  for 
himself  was  John  Rowley  (see  p.  404),  who,  it  would 
appear,  made  havoc  of  the  woods,  and  spoiled  the  church 
of  ncr  lands  to  a  vast  extent.  On  the  17th  of  November, 
161 2,  the  council  in  Ix)ndon  wrote  to  Chichester  about 
the  doings  of  this  terrible  *  Londoner,'  as  follows: — **A 
grievous  complaint  has  been  made  by  Dr.  Hampton, 
Bishop  of  Derry,  that  whereas  the  King  had  annexed 
by  grant  to  the  bishopric  divers  lands  and  tenements, 
and  many  royalties,  privileges,  and  other  immunities  for 
the  lx!ttcr  advancement  of  the  church,  after  the  barbarism 
which  has  long  possessed  those  parts  to  the  extinguishing 
of  true  religion  and  obedience ;  nevertheless  his  prede- 
cessor. Dr.  liabington,  at  the  instigation  of  his  wife, 
and  of  one  Wheeler,  his  servant,  who  has  since  married 
the  bish<jp's  widow,  demised  to  one  John  Rowley, 
one  of  the  agents  of  the  city  of  London,  81  townlands, 
for  the  yearly  rent  of  65/. ,  contrary  to  the  conditions  of 
the  letters  patent,  which  direct  that  a  rent  of  4^.  a  quarter 
l>c  rcser\'e(l  in  all  such  demises.  The  bishop  [Hampton] 
has  also  complained  of  divers  other  grievances  ;  all  which 
considered,  their  Ix>rdshins  have  cited  Rowley  before 
them  to  answer  the  comi)lairit,  and  will  provide  in  the 
case  as  may  appear  exi)edient.  And  as,  among  the 
grievances  complained  of,  it  is  allegcil  that  Rowley  has  a 
grant  of  all  timber,  woods,  and  umlerwootls  belonging  to 
the  bishopric,  and,  as  they  arc  informe<l,  has  cut  down 
3,000  trees,  and  has  transported  into  Spain  many  thou- 
sand pipe  staves,  they  recjuire  him  [Chichester]  to  take 
special  order  for  the  preservation  of  the  timl>er  of  the 
bishopric,  and  to  prevent  all  cutting  thereof  till  further 
order. "  On  the  20th  of  the  following  month  [December], 
the  council  wrote  again  to  the  deputy  in  these  terms : — 
"His  lordship  will  have  understood  by  a  late  letter  what 


course  they  have  taken  about  the  complaint  whidi  he 
has  from  the  late  Bishop  of  Derry.     On  tuU  considentioi 
of  the  case,  thev  have  come  to  the  conclusion  thst  the 
said  grant  to  the  prejudice  of  the  church  is  defciaHf 
[may  be  annulled]  and  they  have  subscribed  that  jodgmeBt, 
as  his  lordship  will  see  by  what  the  bearer  has  to  sbev 
him.    They  recommend  the  cause,  therefore,  to  hiicMC. 
as  a  matter  concerning  not  merely  the  bishop's  priiste 
interest,  but  the  public  interest  of  that  church  ;  sad  th^ 
require  him  to  take  such  course  as  will  secure  the  bishop  1 
speedy  restoration  to  his  right  without  any  further  prin* 
lege  to  the  defendant  who  has  desenred  so  ill  that  he  ii 
entitled  to  nothing  but  what  common  justice  can  chalkoce 
ii\  his  behalf. "    On  the  23rd  of  the  same  month.the  Kiif 
himself  issued  the  following  mandate  to  Chichesttr,  fOr 
pccting  Rowley's  doings,  which  appear  to  have  dccptf 
offended  the  authorities  in  London: — **Dr.  Babiafiaii 
late  Bishop  of  Derry,  misled  by  those  who  intended  odr 
their  own  gain  without  care  of  the  church,  has  nude  net 
havoc  and  si)oil  of  that  bishopric,  that  having  been  vofth 
1,000/.  per  annum,  the  tenants  being  reasonable  sainov 
it  is  now  not  worth  400/.  a  year.     And  the  King  beio^ 
certified  by  his  learned  counsel  that  the  baset  may  he 
avoided  [made  void],  he  [Chichester]  is  to  take  to  hi» 
assistance  the  Chancellor,  the  Chief  Justice,  and  Chie^ 
Baron,  and  to  call   before  himself  and  them  all  sad^ 
persons  as  hold  any  of  the  said  lands,  such  as  ^^^ 
Hampton,  the  now  Inshop,  shall  desire  to  be  cited, 
he  and  they  are  to  do  according  to  law  and  justice,  i 
in  the  meantime,  he  is  to  sequestrate  the  rents ;  and 
bishop  is  to  be  restored,  as  well  to  the  lands  withhel^ 
from  him,  as  to  the  rents  sequestrated.     And  John  R0*l9'* 
one  of  the  London  agents,  and  others  having,  ns  the  ^' 
is  informed,  coihmitted  gn^t  havoc  in  the  woods  of/ 
concane  and  Killetra,  wiuin  the  pctciiict  of  the 


THE    LONDONERS     PLANTATION.  421, 

X)vided  people  be  sent  there  to  inhabit.  That  advantage  is  given  to  the  doubtful  natives 
>  see  these  slender  proceedings,  and,  being  out  of  the  servitors'  command,  fawning  only  awhile 
>on  their  weak  landlords,  watching  some  offered  occasion  and  advantage  to  cut  their  landlords' 
roats  and  make  themselves  masters.  The  slender  attendance  upon  the  justices  of  assize  in  their 
rcuits,  there  being  none  of  the  city  tenants  to  do  the  service.  The  rent  that  the  King  shall 
ceive  from  them  [the  Londoners],  according  to  the  survey  will  be  1 60/.  per  annum,  or  thereabouts, 
r  which  they  already  receive  [from  rents  and  fishings]  near  hand  2,600/.  per  atmum^  which  will 
.ily  increase,  so  that  the  very  yearly  revenue  will  perform  what  is  to  be  done,  their  taking  so  much 
ne  in  the  doing  thereof.  That  for  the  increase  of  the  King's  rents,  there  will  be  a  new  survey 
cen,  they  themselves  reporting  that  upon  two  proportions,  a  middle  and  a  small,  which  go  by  the 
rvey  for  2,500  acres,  there  are  found  to  be  10,000  acres." 

The  circulation  of  this  and  other  statements  equally  derogatory  to  the  potent  and  patriotic 
rporation  of  London,  did  not  fail  to  call  forth  counter-statements.  The  'citizens,'  indeed, 
sely  avoided  any  direct  attempt  to  justify  their  own  make-believe  proceedings,  but  they  put 
•ward  the  ///  quoquc  argument  with  good  effect.  Their  chief  men  having  been  summoned  before 
^  council  of  the  King,  and  directly  charged  with  delay  and  neglect,  made  answer  that,  although 
lays  had  arisen,  the  fault  lay  with  the  Government  itself,  in  not  having  sufficiently  cleared  the 
y  for  the  Londoners,  nor  placed  them  in  sufficiently  quiet  and  secure  possession  of  every  item 
jy  had  been  led  by  the  terms  of  the  *  Articles'  to  expect.  This  business  is  explained  by  the 
lowing  letter  from  the  council  to  Chichester,  but  more  particularly  by  the  very  controversial 
cument  with  which  it  is  accompanied.  "Though  blame,"  say  the  council,  "may  be  imputed  to 
the  British  undertakers,  yet  they  [the  council]  have  of  late  received  his  [Chichester's]  informa- 
n  of  the  negligence  of  the  Londoners  in  particular,  in  performing  their  covenants.  They  have 
ely  called  some  of  the  principal  of  them  before  them,  and  have  dealt  roundly  with  them  upon 
at  point,  representing  to  them  amongst  other  faults,  that  of  which  his  lordship  [Chichester] 
►mplained  in  his  letters  sent  by  Sir  Thomas  Phillips,  which  is  the  continuing  the  natives  within 
lelr  precinct,  whose  abode  in  that  place  must  (as  he  rightly  judges)  be  full  of  inconvenience  and 
anger.  He  will  perceive  the  answer  of  the  Londoners  and  their  [the  council's]  reply  by  the 
lemorial  sent  enclosed.  I^st  of  June,  161 2."  The  council  designates  the  statements  of  the 
X)ndoners  on  this  occasion  A  remembrance  of  such  impediments  as  they  pretend  to  be  the  hinderance 
fid  Utt  of  their  proceeding  in  the  Plantation  of  Uister,  The  following  are  the  Londoners' 
oinplaints  and  expostulations,  with  such  answers  as  the  Government  was  able,  in  each  case,  to  put 
>n\'ard  by  way  of  *postils'  or  marginal  notes  : — 

Londoners^  Letts  or  Hinderatwes,  The  Ansivers, 

I.  The  corporation  of  Derry  has   not  sur-  i.  The  money  due  to  the  inhabitants  for  a 

^ndered  to  his  Majesty  their  liberties  [lands        surrender  of  their  estates  and  their  charter 

^^ertaking,  converting  the  timber  into  pipe-staves,  and  permits,   seizing  any  wood  so  cut,  and  giving  it  to  the 

^porting  them  to  foreign  parts,  contrary  to  the  laws  of  bishop,   toward  the  building  a  house  to  remain  to  the 

•^  kingdom, — he  [Chichester]  is  to  cause  all  who  have  said  bishoprick." 
^'^fnded  in  that  respect  to  be  answerable  as  far  as  the  law 


422 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER, 


adjoining],  nor  their  interest  in  the  city  of 
Deny,  but  wholly  refuse  to  permit  the  under- 
takers to  build  there,  or  to  do  anything  for  the 
plantation  to  be  made  in  that  city. 


2.  Sir  Toby  Calfeild  and  other  gentlemen 
pretending  interests  in  the  lands  to  be  granted 
to  the  city  of  London  not  being  compounded 
with,  refuse  to  surrender,  notwithstanding  their 
[the  council's]  former  order. 

A  particular  of  Sir  Toby  Calfeild 's  lands 

which  he  demands  in  the  barony  of  Lough- 

insholin  and  Coleraine  : — 
The  Grange  of  Agheighter         ...     2  balliboes 
Inish  Rush  ...  ...  ...     2  balliboes 

Tyaner         ...  ...  ...     2  balliboes 

(69).  6M  Feb,  instant. — The  letter  here  referred  to  is 
not  found  among  the  calendared  collection  of  State 
Papers,  but  the  reader  may  see  the  arrangements  above- 
mentioned  as  having  been  made  with  the  claimants  in  and 
around  Derry,  at  pp.  392-404.  This  com])laint  on  the 
part  of  the  Londoners  could  hardly  have  had  any  real 
foundation,  for  the  several  matters  named  were  then 
actually  settled,  or  in  progress  to  final  adjustment. 

(70).  To  Sir  Toby. — The  first  grant  of  these  lands  was 
made  on  the  4th  of  June,  1607,  and  the  second  at  some 
later  date  which  cannot  be  determined,  for  it  must  be 
considerably  earlier  than  that  mentioned  in  the  printed 
Patent  Rolls,  viz.,  22  May,  loth.  The  abbey  or  monas- 
tery of  St.  Peter  and  St.  Paul  of  Armagh  owned  exten- 
sive lands  in  the  adjoining  baronies  of  Ix>ughinsholin  and 
Coleraine,  those  in  the  former  being  only  partially  recited 
in  the  first  or  earlier  grant,  whilst  those  in  Coleraine 
were  altogether  omitted.  This  had  occurred,  no  doubt, 
because  the  lands  in  Loughinsholin  were  partially  known 
to  the  ser>'itors  in  1607,  and  the  lands  in  Coleraine  be- 
longing to  the  abbey  at  Armagh  had  evidently  been  then 
unknown  as  such.  In  the  later  grant  the  following  de- 
nominations are  recited  as  lying  in  the  baronies  above- 
named,  and  as  belonging  to  the  abbey  at  Armagh  : — 
"Tyrone  Co.  [barony  of  Loughinsholin],  Inishrush,  2 
ballilx)es;  Agheiter,  2  balliboes;  Teanewye,  2  balliboes; 
Moynegrane,  2  ballil>oes  ;  the  precinct  of  Killreaugh 
containmg  the  five  balliboes  of  Ballyheregny,  Clary, 
Leitrim,  Ballylelanane,  Ballyawlagh,  and  llallacoghey. 


they  [the  council]  believe  is  paid  to  them 
and  the  surrenders  are  probably  already  made; 
if  not,  he  [Chichester]  is  himself  to  see  to 
its  being  done,  and  the  moneys  paid  not  onlj 
for  the  surrenders,  but  for  the  tithe  fishing 
with  the  loopes  on  the  Ban  (see  p.  403),  and 
for  the  arrears  of  rents  taken  up  by  Sir  Toby 
Calfleld,  and  is  mentioned  in  his  [Chichester's] 
letter  to  the  late  lord  treasurer,  of  the  6th  of 
February  instant  (69). 

2.  The  abbey  of  Armagh  was  demised  by 
his  Majesty  to  Sir  Toby,  about  se\'en  years 
since,  before  the  plantation  was  intended ;  and 
after  the  first  project,  the  said  abbey,  with  his 
[Chichester's]  special  allowance  was  passed  in 
fee-farm  to  Sir  Toby  (70),  being  a  servitor. 
Since  which  the  whole  barony  of  Coleraine 
(within  which  divers  balliboes  are  found  to  be 
parcels  of  the  possession  of  the  said  abbey)  are 
by  the  contract  with  the  Londoners  to  be 
passed  to   the   City.     He   [Chichester]  must 

Coleraine  Co.  [barony  of  Coleraine],  the  gnnec  ^ 
lands  of  ^Vgheavy,  called  Glasgoit,  Mullaghmoie,  G«7- 
more,  Coolecrow,  and  Guvbegg,  one  baUilMc  each ;  aid 
Tullaghard,  one  sessiogh.  '^ese  names  differ  oouider' 
ably  in  form  from  the  denominations  mentioned  in  tlui 
complaint  of  the  Londoners,  but  they  are  intended  to  d^ 
signate  the  same  lands.  They  were  surrendered  Mf 
by  Sir  Toby  to  the  Londonders,  which  so  plaucd  tk 
King  that  he  wrote  to  Chichester  in  the  foUowinc  tenu: 
— **In  consideration  of  the  dutiful  confonnity  the  Kiac 
has  found  in  Sir  Toby  Caulfield,  in  surrendering  up  at 
his  [the  King's]  request,  his  lands  which  were  dauMo  faf 
the  Londoners  as  theirs  by  the  Articles  of  plantatioB ; 
and  of  having  heard  him  generally  so  weU  repotted  <i 
both  for  his  ability  in  his  profession,  which  is  ams,  aad 
for  his  carefulness  in  the  administration  of  the  civil  afeis 
of  the  counties  of  Tyrone  and  Armagh,  with  wkicb  ke 
has  been  principally  entrusted  since  the  depaiture  of  tke 
fugitive  traitors  from  thence,  his  Majesty  thioJcs  him  «cD 
worthy  of  the  liberal  testimony  of  his  services  giva  t^ 
him  [Chichester]  and  the  council  of  IrelandL  Siiacc  h» 
[Sir  Toby's]  coming  over  his  Majesty  has  bad  spefck 
with  him  touching  the  state  of  the  plantation,  aid  ik 
King's  other  affiurs  there,  and  has  received  fidl  ialbnM* 
tion  and  satisfaction  from  him.  And  Sir  Toby  being  nnn 
on  his  return  into  Ireland,  his  Majesty  wishes  \am  lo  bt 
admitted  as  a  privy  councillor,  ana  authorises  Mm  V^ 
Chester]  to  give  him  the  costomaiy  oatli.  W«  ' 
13th  Feb.,  1612-13.** 


J 


THE   LONDONERS     PLANTATION. 


423 


egrana  ...  ...     2  balliboes 

Also  the  lands  of  Kilreagh  quarter,  viz., 
irghy  ...  ...  ...     one  balliboe 

Leyeregney      ...  ...     one  balliboe 

Leytrim  ...  ...     one  balliboe 

Nealane  ...  ...     one  balliboe 

Aulagh  alias  Fullaghy    ...        2  balliboes 
Likewise  the  lands  of  Athgeave  in  the 
arony  of  Coleraine,  viz., 
irt     . . .  ...  ...     one  balliboe 

ghmac  ...  ...     one  balliboe 

tore   ...  ...  ...     one  balliboe 

ro      ...  ...  ...     one  balliboe 

ibeg  ...  ...  ...     one  balliboe 

Divers  grants  for  aquavitae,  selling  of 
drawing  of  beer,  measuring  salt,  sowing 
making  oil  and  rope,  the  clerkship  of 
larkets,  which,  by  contract  were  to  be 
dered,  and  the  whole  lands  undertaken 
and  cleared,  are  yet  unsurrendered  (71). 

Yet  unsurrendered, — The  setting  aside  of  these 
lus  licenses  to  please  the  Londoners,  and  carry 
;  terms  of  the  compact,  was  more  difficult  than 
they  or  the  Government,  perhaps,  had  at  first 
k1.  In  July,  161 1,  ihe  King  wrote  to  draw 
iter's  attention  specially  to  this  matter,  stating,  in 
:e  to  the  leading  questions  at  least  likely  to  give 
ouble,  that  he  [the  King]  **had  formerly  granted 

Wakeman  certain  customs,  subsidies,  and  licences, 
)rovince  of  Ulster,  for  which  a  sum  of  money  has 
lid  by  Sir  James  Hamilton.  His  Majesty  directs 
jrant  of  the  same  be  passed  under  the  great  seal  to 
d  Sir  James  Hamilton.  But  if  the  said  grant 
appear  to  be  prejudicial  to  the  plantation  of  Ulster, 
•ecially  to  that  of  the  city  of  London,  directs  that 
nt  may  be  stayed  until  his  Majesty  shall  be  further 
sed.  Famham,  25  July,  161 1."  It  appears  that 
nth  of  April,  1606,  to  the  aforesaid  John  Wake- 
is  granted  all  customs,  subsidies,  and  imposts,  by 
I  land,  of  all  merchandize  and  other  customable 
imported  or  exported,  in  the  ports,  havens,  creeks, 
mds  of  Ulster,  together  with  certain  licenses.  (See 
Repertory^  p.  264  ;  and  Patent  Kolls^  p.  86).     In 

1 6 10,  Chichester,  when  instructing  Ridgeway, 
^ending  him  to  I>ondon,  requires  him  to  bring  back 

directions  from  head-quarters  on  this  subject  of 
g  licenses.  "He  knows  how  he  is  pressed  for 
g  monopolies  under  colour  of  bringing  in  arts  and 
es, — by  one  for  making  salt,  by  another,  for  sow- 
Is  for  making  oils,  and  woad,  burning  ashes  for 


therefore  put  them  in  possession,  and  com- 
pound with  Sir  Toby,  who  has  received  so 
many  benefits  from  his  Majesty. 


3.  Such  patents  of  privileges  as  may  im- 
peach the  contract  [with  the  Londoners]  are 
not  to  be  put  in  execution  within  their  cities, 
but  the  impost  of  wines  were  never  intended 
to  be  within  their  contract  (72). 


soap,  makins;  glass,  saltpetre,  cables  and  ropes,  measuring 
com  and  salt,  and  other  such  devices,  for  which  they 
proffer  some  small  rent  to  the  King." 

(72).  Their  contract. — From  the  grant  mentioned  in  the 
preceding  note,  the  subsidy  of  wines  was  specially  reserved, 
and  was  not  granted  afterwards  even  to  the  Londoners. 
This  special  and  fruitful  source  of  revenue  was  granted  to 
the  well-known  and  unhappy  lady  Arabella  Stuart  or 
Seymour.  In  Feb.  1608-9,  "lis  lady  petitioned  the  King, 
to  whom  she  was  nearly  related,  for  a  grant  to  herself  and 
her  assigns,  for  the  term  of  31  years,  of  certain  privil^es 
and  impositions,  upon  hides,  and  for  license  to  transport 
yearly  from  Ireland  40,000  hides,  paying  a  poundage  and 
rent  of  50/.  per  annum,  with  a  statement  of  reasons  in  - 
support  of  petition.  To  this  petition  there  were  others  in 
opposition,  for  the  trade  in  hides  was  about  the  best  and 
most  lucrative  of  which  Ireland  could  boast.  Lady 
Arabella,  therefore,  did  not  succeed  in  this  object ;  but  in 
the  November  following,  Chichester  had  a  letter  from  the 
Kin^,  requiring  him  to  grant  to  her  for  21  years,  the 
privilege  to  nominate  such  persons  as  should  be  permitted 
to  sell  wines,  aquavitae,  or  usquebagh  in  Ireland,  as  given 
in  the  nth  of  Elizabeth,  and  respect  being  had  to  the 
statute  31  Edward  I.,  and  all  the  forfeitures  and  penalties 
for  breach  of  any  statutes  made  or  to  be  made  in  that 
kingdom  touching  the  premises.  This  letter  was  to  have 
all  liberal  construction  for  lady  Arabella's  good,  her  affairs 
in  this  matter  settled  with  expedition,  and  her  agents, 
when  so  employed,  sufficiently  assisteid  and  protected. 
The  grant  was  taken  out  for  lady  Arabella  by  trustees,  as 


424 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


4.  That  as  well  the  4,000  acres  at  the  Derr}', 
as  the  3,000  acres  at  Colcraine  be  laid  out 
unto  the  towns,  with  bogs,  woods,  and  moun- 
tain excepted,  as  all  other  the  lands  undertaken 
are ;  and  that  the  Irish  tenants  may  remain  on 
the  lands  by  us  undertaken  until  we  have 
finished  our  buildings ;  which,  otherwise,  will 
bring  such  scarcity  that  we  shall  not  be  able  to 
feed  our  number  of  workmen  and  soldiers  ;  the 
rather  for  that  there  is  no  purpose  to  remove 
them  but  only  to  the  church  and  servitors' 
lands  within  our  undertakings,  or  thereto  ad- 
joining (73). 


5.  And  for  that  we  have  not  been  able  to 
perform  our  buildings  for  want  of  possession, 
that  no  part  of  our  rents  now  due,  or  to  grow 
due,  be   withheld  from  us  by  virtue   of  any 


4.  In  the  4,000  acres  to  be  laid  to  Deny, 
bog  and  barren  mountain  are  to  be  no  pared 
thereof,  but  to  go  as  waste  to  the  city»  accont 
ing  to  the  2nd  article  of  the  contract  Bnt  m 
the  3,000  acres  to  be  laid  to  Coleraine,  bog, 
wood,  and  mountain  are  to  be  accounted  ai 
parcel  of  the  number,  and  not  to  be  excepted, 
as  appears  in  the  4th  article  of  the  cootract ; 
neither  has  the  King  any  lands  there  to  sati^ 
their  demands^  nor  are  they  [the  Londoners] 
in  the  case  of  the  other  undertakers,  as  dtey 
pay  no  rent,  but  yield  only  an  acknowledg- 
ment. As  to  keeping  the  Irish,  they  [tbc 
council]  expect  that  the  planting  with  Bntoof 
should  go  speedily  forward,  the  rather  as  it 
appears  by  his  [Chichester's]  letter  of  the  6tli 
February  inst,  that  they  have  no  impediment, 
or  just  excuse. 

5.  His  Lordship  [Chichester]  is  to  inqmie 
into  the  truth  of  this  allegation,  and  if  the 
fishings  be  withheld  contrary  to  the  tenor  of 
the  contract  he  is  to  pass  the  City  [LondoBCs] 


explained  by  the  following  communication  from  the 
council  in  London  to  Chichester,  dated  March  31,  1610: 
— "Although  the  license  to  Sir  George  St.  Paule  [often 
written  Semplc]  and  Henry  Yelverton,  Esq.,  to  appoint 
any  two  whom  they  may  think  fit  during  their  lives 
successively  two  by  two,  for  the  space  of  21  years,  to  sell 
wines  and  usqucbagh  in  Ireland,  was  ])assed  under  the 
name  of  the  said  Sir  George  St.  Paule  and  Mr.  Yelverton, 
yet  he  [Chichester]  may  conceive  that  a  suit  of  this  nature 
would  not  have  been  procuretl  from  the  King  but  by  a 
personage  of  extraordinary  rank  and  estimation,  as  is  the 
lady  Arabella  Stuarte,  near  in  blood,  and  in  special  grace 
and  favour  with  his  Highness,  and  to  whose  use  and 
benefit  it  is  wholly  intended.  And  because  they  [the 
council]  know  it  to  be  his  pleasure  that  this  gift  should 
be  extended  to  as  much  benefit  for  this  noble  lady  as  may 
be,  they  thought  fit  to  recommend  the  same  and  those  she 
may  employ  to  his  [Chichester's]  especial  favour. " 

(73).  Thereto  cuijoining. — Thus,  it  appeared  that  whilst 
the  natives  must  l)e  removed,  all  classes  of  undertakers 
were  anxious  to  retain  them,  of  course,  on  account  of 
their  services.  The  English  and  Scotch  were  on  no 
account  to  employ  the  Irish  after  the  month  of  May,  161 1, 
but  the  servitors,  in  the  autumn  following,  excused  them- 
selves to  Carew  for  having  nothing  done,  because  the 


natives  were  retained  exclusively  by  the  British 
takers.     The  'Londoners,'  in  their  complaints,  tsaboi^ 
of  the  Metts  or  hindrances'  in  their  way,  boldly  rt^ 
that  the  presence  of  the  natives  was  an  alnolate  nccoBty 
for    them,    until,    at    least,    they  could  complete  Ibie 
buildings  they  had  undertaken  to  erect  at  IJenj  wA 
Coleraine.       The    Londoners,    afterwards,    oill  boc 
boldly  maintained   that   they  were   not  boosd  by  ik^ 
'Articles'   to   remove   the  natives   at  all;  ndtherdbd 
they,  except  partially  and  when  the  removal  suited  tho^ 
own  [the  Londoners']  arrangements, — perhapi  their  icfr* 
gious  prejudices  or  fears.     The  natives^  on  their  uit* 
submitted  more  philosophically  than  could  have  tc^ 
expected ;  indeed,  all  classes,  except,  perhaps,  the  fOT 
humblest  amongst  them,  hastened  away  at  eveiy  oppor- 
tunity, when  fate  had  finally  decreed  that  they  ««k  *^ 
abandon  their  dearly  cherished  homeit.     This  alacrill  ^ 
be  gone  surprised  the  authorities  noC  a  little    la  M^ 
161 1,  Davys  writing  to  Salisbury,  refers  to  it  as  fcOoM? 
— "Wherea^s  it  was  doubted  that  the  natives  in  Ai* 
month  of  May,  which  was  the  time  fixed  for  their 
ing,  would  not  have  been  transplanted  but  whl 
difficulty,  it  has  Cdlen  out  contrary  to  their  [the  ( 
ment's]  expectation,  that  ther  [the  Irish]  ate  boic  ^^ 
to  leave  the  British  undertaJcen'  lands,  than  the  Briv 
undertakers  are  to  leave  them**  [the  Iiidi} 


k 


THE   LONDONERS     PLANTATION, 


425 


rder  >  and  that  such  rents  as  are  due  to 

ncordatum  may  be  made  good  unto  us. 

that  several  parts  of  the  fishings  held 

by  former  grants  may  be  resigned,  as 

-In  the  river  of  Rowe  [Roe]  a  pool 

ly  Mr.  William  Gaye,  or  Gage  (see  p. 

pool  near  the  river  of  Loughfoyle  by 

Fleming;  a  pool  between  the   Deny 

castle  of  Culmore  by  Captain  Hart 

325) ;  a  pool  about  the  Lifford,  and 

called  Greene  brae,  over  against  the 

by  Sir  Richard  Hansard  (see  pp.  324, 

pool  towards  Castle  Toome,  by  Capt 

(see  p.  272);    two  pools  claimed  by 

lop  of  Derry,   Oboygans  and  Clonye 

106) ;  all  granted  by  patents  under  the 

al    of  England,   which    breed    much 

.  and  great  prejudice  to  the  plantation. 

ley  demand,  notwithstanding  any  grant 
ime,  to  Brian  Crossagh  O'Neil,  to  have 
iships  and  two-thirds  (74),  in  the  terri- 
Arrator,  being  in  the  ballibetagh  of 
indevin,  and  part  of  Dergeny,  in  which 
s  of  land  also  Phelim  Oge  O'MuUcruy, 
n  O'Neil  and  Hugh  McShane  O'Neil, 
rtain  freeholds  granted  to  them  (75), 
iach  one  ballibetagh,  all  of  which,  with 
)y  Calfield's  lands,  and  the  primate's 
s  were  ever  known  to  be  temporal  lands, 
such  lands  as  the  Bishop  of  Derry  has 
1  from  his  Majesty  by  misinformation 
have  heard.     Signed,  Edmondes  (76). 


into  possession,  and  compound  for  the  titles, 
if  any  be  good  in  law. 


6.  If  Brian  Crossagh's  lands  He  within  the 
Londonders'  precinct,  his  patent  is  to  be  can- 
celled as  made  since  the  contract;  and  the 
commissioners  are  likewise  to  examine  the 
primate's  title  to  Derrihorgan,  the  Multenagh, 
and  Cragballindevin,  and  if  it  shall  appear 
not  to  be  church  land,  and  to  be  within  the 
Londoners'  precinct,  the  Londoners  are  to  be 
established  in  possession  (77). 


Xnd  two-thirds, — See  p.  249.  The  Londoners 
taken  in  supposing  that  the  lands  mentioned  in 
ossagh's  grant  belonged  to  their  possessions  in 
bolin.  These  16  townlands,  and  two-thirds  lay 
arony  of  Dungannon  (see  p.  322),  or  at  least 
y ;  and  were  granted  after  Brian  Crossagh's 
in  1 614,  to  a  person  named  Edge  worth. 
Granted  to  thtnt. — The  Londoners  were  mistaken 
tter  also  ;  and  the  grantees  named  above  retained 
I   2 


their  lands,  which  lay  in  the  barony  of  Dungannon,  and 
not  in  that  of  Loughinsholin. 

(76).  Edmondts, — This  was  the  surname  of  the  gentle- 
man who  then  held  the  office  of  City  Remembrancer. 

(77).  In  possessiotu — The  lands  tiius  mentioned  by  the 
authorities  in  London,  were  probably  held  from  the  com- 
plainants iUegaUy,  and  restored  to  them,  as  we  do  not 
find  them  in  the  grant  afterwards  made  to  the  Bishop  of. 
Deny. 


426  THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

XI. 

The  foregoing  important  document,  conveying  the  Londoners'  complaints,  with  the  English 
council's  opinions  and  impressions  thereon,  appears  to  have  brought  about  better  relations,  at  least 
for  a  time,  between  the  Government  and  the  *City.'  The  Londoners,  by  an  order  or  'precqrt'so 
early  as  the  30th  of  January,  1610-11,  had  constituted  their  Irish  Committee  or  Society,  so  as  to 
include  a  governor,  deputy-governor,  and  twenty-four  assistants.  By  another  order  or  'precept*  of 
the  31st  May,  161 1,  eleven  assistants  were  added;  but  by  a  later  arrangement,  dated  the  8th of 
Jan.,  161 2-1 3 — the  last  indeed  prior  to  the  granting  of  the  charter — the  Irish  Society  was  to 
consist  of  the  governor,  deputy-governor,  and  thirty-three  assistants.  The  Government,  howem, 
reduced  the  assistants  to  the  original  number  of  twenty-four,  but  the  governor,  the  deputy-govenior, 
and  the  twenty-four  assistants  named  in  the  charter,  were  the  same  governor,  deputy-governor,  and 
twenty-four  of  the  thirty-three  assistants  chosen  by  the  City  in  JaA.,  1612-13.  The  following  arc 
the  names  of  the  Irish  Society  as  originally  and  legally  constituted  by  this  charter  of  March,  1613: 
— "William  Cockaine  (see  pp.  394,  395),  alderman,  first  governor  of  the  Society;  Martin  Bond, 
haberdasher,  deputy-governor;  the  twenty-four  assistants  were.  Sir  Henry  Montague,  Clement 
Scudamore,  Sir  John  Jollis,  John  Leamon,  Geo.  Smith,  and  Edward  Rotheram,  citizens  and 
aldermen  of  London ;  William  Dyos,  gentleman.  Remembrancer ;  Robert  Jenkinson,  John  Gore, 
Matthias  Springham,  and  John  Slainy,  merchant  tailors  of  London;  Rowland  Bakehouse, 
Adrian  Moore,  and  Francis  Fuller,  mercers  of  London ;  Horris  Abbot,  draper ;  Graves  Heman, 
goldsmith ;  William  Stone,  Robert  Middleton,  and  Francis  Covell,  skinners ;  William  Fitemaa, 
haberdasher;  Nicholas  Leet,  ironmonger;  James  Hodgson,  vintner;  Hugh  Morell,  cloth  woiker; 
and  Richard  Welby,  leather-seller." 

The  charter  appointed  these  men  a  society  or  association  "for  the  better  ordering,  directing, 
and  governing  all,  and  all  manner  of  things  for  and  concerning  the  citizens  and  city  of  LoodoD- 
derry,  and  the  county  of  Londonderry,  and  the  plantation  to  be  made  within  the  same  citj  and 
county,  and  other  businesses  belonging  to  them."  After  incorporating  the  Society,  and  giving  it 
power  to  purchase,  receive,  and  possess  lands,  the  charter  next  granted  that  its  members,  or  any 
nine  of  them,  always  including  the  governor  or  his  deputy,  should  have  the  power  of  assembling 
and  holding  a  court,  and  in  the  same  court  to  do,  hear,  transact,  and  determine  all  manner  of 
matters  and  things  whatsoever,  for  or  concerning  the  plantation  of  the  lands  throughout  the  coantj 
above  named ;  and  also  to  transmit  orders  from  England  to  Ireland  for  directing  and  disposing  of 
all  manner  of  matters  and  things  relating  to  said  plantation  ;  and  also,  for  the  receipt  and  lijring 
out  of  all  sums  of  money  to  be  collected  and  received,  with  full  powers  to  make  such  arrangements 
generally  for  the  progress  and  welfare  of  the  undertaking  as  might  be  deemed  advisable.  The  charter 
did  not  fail  in  its  introductory  sentences  to  consolidate  the  city  and  town  of  Deny,  and  aO  the 
territories  and  hereditaments  thus  granted  into  one  county,  to  be  called  the  county  of  LxmdoDdeRTi 
to  declare  that  the  city  of  Deny  should  be  called  I-.ondonderry,  to  define  the  extent  of  the  dtf  of 
Londonderry  and  the  town  of  Coleraine,  to  incorporate  the  citizens  of  Londonderry,  and  to  dedaie 
that  they  should  have  a  mayor,  aldermen,  sheriffs,  and  a  chamberlain.    The  mayor,  commoaahfi 


J 


THE    LONDONERS     PLANTATION.  42/ 

and  citizens  were  empowered  to  make  laws  and  ordinances,  so  that  such  laws  and  ordinances  were 
certified  by  the  city  of  Londonderry,  under  their  common  seal,  to  the  Society  of  the  governor  and 
assistants,  or  Irish  Society,  within  four  months  after  the  making  of  such  laws  and  ordinances,  to 
the  intent  that  the  same  Society  might  ratify  and  confirm  such  laws  and  ordinances  within  six 
months  after  the  delivery  of  the  certificate ;  and  these  laws  and  ordinances,  if  confirmed  by  the 
Society  in  London,  were  to  be  valid,  but  if  rejected  by  that  supreme  tribunal,  were  to  be  wholly 
void.  The  charter  then  appointed  the  first  mayor  and  aldermen,  sheriffs,  chamberlain,  and  chief 
burgesses  of  Derry,  as  follows: — "We  nominate  our  well-beloved  John  Rowley,  gentleman,  first 
and  present  mayor  of  Londonderry.  We  nominate  to  be  our  first  and  present  aldermen,  Ralph 
Bingley,  knight,  John  Vaughan,  John  Rowley,  Henry  Hart,  Henry  Vaughan,  John  Baker,  Francis 

White,  Henry  Sadler,  John  Ray,  William ,  Jessy  Smith,  and  John  Barkers,  gentlemen. 

We  nominate  Robert  Goodwyn,  our  first  and  present  chamberlain ;  Robert  Griffith  and  William 
Lyne,  our  first  and  present  sheriffs.  We  nominate  as  our  first  and  present  burgesses,  Samuel 
Calvert,  Thomas  Bolton,  Adam  Copinger,  Henry  Lovell,  William  Atkins,  Valentine  James, 
William  Irenmonger,  John  Waters,  Walter  Markes,  Thomas  Latham,  Roger  Price,  William  Booker, 
Thomas  Harvest,  Richard  Blockley,  Richard  Middleton,  Nicholas  Ambrose,  Peter  Tafter,  Thomas 
Saule,  Richard  Jenny,  William  Whitewell,  Francis  Southwell,  William  Raven,  Thomas  Lache,  and 
Clement  Moss." 

After  giving  power  to  the  Irish  Society  to  elect  oflficers  and  to  make  ordinances  for  the 
government  of  Londonderry  during  the  space  of  ten  years,  the  charter  grants  to  them  and  their 
successors,  the  several  forts,  towns,  and  lands  already  mentioned  in  detail  (see  pp.  387-392),  and  all 
fealty  and  services  of  socage  reserved  out  of  the  same  premises,  and  all  knights'  fees,  wards, 
Tiarriages,  escheats,  reliefs,  heriots,  fines,  courts  leet,  courts  of  view  and  frank-pledge,  hereditaments 
ind  appurtenances,  to  be  held  as  amply  as  the  King  himself  had  held  the  same,  with  certain 
receptions  specified.  To  hold  the  premises  to  the  only  proper  use  of  the  Society  and  its  successors 
"orever ;  to  hold  the  city  of  Londonderry  and  the  4,000  acres  next  adjoining  on  the  Derry  side, 
md  the  town  of  Coleraine  and  the  3,000  acres  to  the  same  adjoining,  in  free  burgage,  as  of  the 
:astle  of  Dublin ;  and  to  hold  the  rest  of  the  premises  by  fealty  only,  in  free  and  common  socage, 
•endering  the  rents  therein  mentioned.  And  the  Society  covenanted,  on  its  part,  to  convey  certain 
ands  to  the  bishop  and  dean  of  Derry  within  a  year ;  to  keep  and  maintain  forever  the  fort  of 
Tulmore ;  to  convey  certain  lands  for  glebes  on  their  estates  within  a  year.  The  charter  then 
)rovided  that  the  timber  growing  on  the  lands  of  Glenconkeyne  and  Killetragh  should  forever  after 
)e  used  for  the  convenience  and  advantage  of  the  settlers  in  building  their  houses  and  other 
lecessary  works,  and  not  on  any  terms  to  be  merchandised  or  sold.  The  customs  were  granted  to 
he  Society  during  a  term  of  ninety-nine  years,  for  a  rent  of  13J.  4//. ;  and,  finally,  among  various 
)ther  important  powers  and  privileges,  the  office  of  admiral  was  granted  forever  on  the  coasts  or 
hores  of  Tyrconnell  or  Donegal,  Coleraine,  and  the  county  of  Londonderry.  See  p.  382 ;  see 
iso  Lord  Langdale's/«^//^/,  delivered  in  Nov.,  1838. 

By  an  order  of  the  Society  made  on  the  24th  of  June,  161 3,  after  reciting  that  in  so  noble  a 


428  THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

work,  so  taken  to  heart  by  the  King,  and  wherein  the  city,  in  its  christian  zeal,  and  upon  the 
hopeful  success  of  the  speculation,  had  already  expended,  and  were  likely  to  expend,  great  sums  of 
money,  it  was  unanimously  considered  the  right  thing,  and,  indeed  essential  to  the  advancement  of 
the  work,  that  "  some  great  and  worthy  magistrate  of  the  city"  of  London,  ''accompanied  by  some 
commoner  of  special  credit,"  should  be  sent  to  Londonderry  to  make  an  exact  view  of  the  whole 
proceedings,  and  of  all  the  circumstances  of  the  case.  The  mission  of  these  specially  trusted 
agents  was  highly  pleasing  to  the  Government.  The  persons  appointed  on  this  grand  errand  were 
Alderman  Smithes  and  Mr.  Matthias  Springham,  who  were  required  by  the  Court  of  CommoD 
Council,  by  whom  they  were  appointed,  to  confer  with  the  governor,  deputy-governor,  and  assistants 
of  the  Irish  Society,  before  setting  forth  on  the  journey.  These  deputies  were  required  to  prepoie 
themselves,  whilst  on  the  spot,  to  make  a  full,  true,  and  particular  report  of  all  the  works  done  and 
to  be  done,  of  disbursements  and  accounts ;  and,  at  the  same  time,  to  place,  displace,  redress^ 
reform,  correct,  and  direct  all  persons  employed  for  the  Londoners'  use  and  service  in  and  about 
the  Plantation.  The  two  citizens  appear  to  have  done  their  work  satisfactorily,  and  their  report, 
which  is  dated  Oct.  15,  was  read  to  the  Court  of  Common  Council  on  the  8th  November,  i6i> 
After  the  notice  of  several  minor  questions,  the  report  proceeds  as  follows : — "  Whereas,  it  ws 
generally  desired  that  a  division  should  be  made  of  all  the  lands  by  and  amongst  the  seveial 
Companies  undertaking  in  this  Plantation,  we  have  with  great  travail,  first  \'iewed  the  lands  and 
carefully  inquired  after  the  true  value  of  every  balliboe  ;  and  thereupon  with  great  care  and  pains, 
and  with  the  assistance  and  advice  of  the  gentlemen  of  the  country,  the  City's  agents  and  sunreyois 
proceeded  to  make  an  equal  division  of  the  land  into  twelve  parts,  wherein  we  have  used  our  best 
skill  and  diligence,  and  have  done  the  same  as  equally  as  possible  we  could  devise,  the  fonn  of 
which  division  we  have  here  brought  you,  together  with  the  plot  [map]  of  the  same.  But,  for  the 
city  of  Londonderry,  and  the  4,000  acres  there ;  and  the  town  of  Coleraine,  and  the  3,000  aae$ 
appointed  to  the  same ;  the  ferries  and  the  fishings ;  we  are  of  opinion  that  a  division  cannot  be 
fitly  made  of  them  ;  but  the  rents  and  profits  of  them  may  be  divided,  and  go  amongst  the  seitnl 
Companies ;  and  we  advise  that  upon  the  division  it  be  provided  that,  where  a  proportion  of  land 
shall  want  timber  to  build  with,  the  Company,  to  whose  share  it  may  fall,  may  have  suflkieot 
timber  out  of  the  woods  next  adjoining,  and  fitting  for  that  use,  to  be  assigned  to  them  by  the  City'* 
agents." 

The  conduct  of  the  two  commissioners  was  highly  approved,  and  their  several  suggestions  and 
recommendations  carried  out,  even  to  the  summary  dismissal  of  John  Rowley,  one  of  the  Londonos^ 
agents.  "The  which  report  [of  Smithes  and  Springham]  being  openly  read,  was  in  all  parts  «J 
liked,  with  a  general  acknowledgment  that  the  said  Mr.  Alderman  Smithes,  and  the  said  Matthitf 
Springham,  his  assistant,  had  with  great  faithfulness,  care,  and  diligence,  perfonned  the  tnottf' 
confidence  which  was  reposed  in  them  in  their  said  negotiation,  and  the  same  was^  with  goo' 
acceptance  of  this  whole  Court  of  Common  Council  approved  and  allowed ;  and  it  is  ordered  tb^ 
the  same  remembrance  shall  be  entered  into  the  journals ;  and  forasmuch  as  by  tKe  saane  icv^ 
hrance,  as  also  by  credible  realation  made  unto  this  Court,  it  will  aj^>car  that  John  R0*l9 


J 


THE    LONDONERS     PLANTATION.  429 

p.  405),  one  of  the  City's  agents  in  Ireland,  hath  divers  ways  dealt  very  incorrectly  and 
dthfully  with  the  City  in  sundry  matters  committed  to  his  trust  in  Ireland,  in  and  about  the  said 
itation  and  business  there ;  it  is  therefore  with  a  general  voice  ordered,  enacted,  and  agreed 
he  authority  aforesaid,  that  the  said  John  Rowley  shall  with  all  expedition,  be  dismissed  from 
g  the  City's  agent;  and  he,  the  said  John  Rowley,  by  the  authority  of  this  present  act  of 
imon  Council,  is  absolutely  dismissed ;  and  it  is  further  enacted  that  he  shall  not  henceforth 
ive  or  intermeddle  with  the  receiving  of  any  of  the  treasure  or  rents  ;  and  further  that  advertise- 
ts  shall  be  forthwith  sent  unto  Mr.  Matthias  Springham,  who  remaineth  still  in  Ireland,  to  call 
said  Rowley  to  an  account,  and  to  receive  from  him  the  same  account."  This  act  of 
lissal  on  the  part  of  the  City  must  have  been  a  curious,  if  not  very  awkward  affair 
^ether,  for  Smithes  and  Springham  had  actually  carried  with  them,  when  coming  to  Ulster, 
new  charter  of  Londonderry,  containing  the  appointment  of  Rowley  as  the  first  Mayor 
)erry  !  His  dismissal,  as  aforesaid,  so  soon  afterwards,  does  not  appear  to  have  affected  his 
:ion  as  the  highest  civic  functionary  of  the  new  city.  Rowley  had  evidently  made  unto  himself 
ds,  if  not  *of  the  mammon  of  unrighteousness,'  at  least  of  several  influential  northern  servitors, 
n  he  had  greatly  gratified  l)y  his  liberality  at  the  Londoners'  expense,  in  the  surrender  of  certain 
s  in  Loughinsholin  adjoining  the  new  fort  of  Desert-Linn.  He  had  also  fortified  himself 
Dughly  against  the  Londoners'  assaults  by  purchasing  for  himself,  instead  of  for  them,  a  fine 
e  from  Bishop  Babington,  and  by  so  secure  a  method  that  neither  the  church  nor  the 
r'  could  disturb  him  ! 

Of  course  many  other  matters  of  less  importance,  perhaps,  than  the  division  of  the  lands  or 
dismissal  of  John  Rowley,  were  touched  at  in  the  report  aforesaid.  Thus,  as  an  illustration, 
srs.  Smithes  and  Springham  had  presented  silver-gilt  communion  cups  to  the  churches 
Deny  and  Coleraine  respectively, — a  little  dodge  in  the  interests  of  protestant  ascendancy 
ch  has  been  repeated,  in  one  shape  or  another,  during  almost  every  visitation  of  deputies 
Q  the  Irish  Society.  But  among  the  numerous  duties  of  those  early  representatives  of  the 
idoners,  whom  their  charter  described  as  "burning  with  a  flagrant  zeal  to  promote  the  King's 
Js  intentions,"  there  was  one  to  which  we  attach  special  interest  even  at  the  present  day. 
thes  and  Springham  busied  themselves  at  times  in  researches  about  the  then  prices  of  provisions 
iheir  estates,  or  within  the  bounds  of  the  present  county  of  Londonderry  ;  and  were  thus  enabled 
eport  that  a  cow  or  bullock  sold  for  about  }id,  per  pound,  or  15T.  apiece  ;  a  sheep,  from  is,  4//. 
«^'o  shillings  ;  a  hog,  two  shillings ;  barley,  eleven  pence  per  bushel ;  oats,  four  pence  per  bushel ; 
strong  beer,  i6y.  per  barrel, — exceedingly  dear,  it  was  said,  at  that  price.  Referring  to  the 
ter  of  breadstuffs  in  the  North,  Chichester  states  in  a  letter  to  the  council  at  London,  on  the 
of  Februar}%  1609,  that  "in  Ulster  there  grows  little  other  com  but  barley  and  oats,  which  is  at 
ionable  rates  as  yet,  for  which  he  has  not  restrained  them  at  any  time  [by  protective  duties], 
ause  the  commodity  of  transportation  from  thence  is  only  for  Great  Britain  and  not  elsewhere." 
re  is  the  record  of  a  fact  which  most  people  would  be  inclined  to  regard  as  remarkable.  It  is 
erally  supposed  that,  at  the  period  of  the  plantation,  Ulster  was  simply  a  waste  and  howliDg 


430  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

wilderness.  At  the  close  of  the  war  in  1602,  its  native  people,  indeed,  died  of  hunger  innunj 
districts,  because  the  English  systematically  destroyed  their  growing  crops  and  all  their  cattle;  bot 
during  the  few  succeeding  years  of  peace  a  wondrous  change  had  come,  for  the  Irish  of  Ulster  had 
made  ample  provision  for  their  own  wants, — they  had  enough  and  to  spare, — and  could  supply  even 
Great  Britain  with  quantities  of  food.  Sir  Thomas  Phillips,  in  the  year  1609,  drew  up  a  PnjtAfm 
the  Londoner^  Plantation^  stating  among  other  interesting  matters,  that  "the  Irishmen  have  been  10 
addicted  to  tillage  that  a  Bristowe  banbarrell  of  barley  was  sold  but  for  eighteenpencc  in  the  maita 
of  Coleraine.  So  by  reason  of  the  undertakers'  tillage,  it  will  be  cheaper,  and  yield  great  profit  to 
transport  it  into  other  countries." 

That  part  of  the  report  which  asserted  that  certain  possessions,  already  mentioned,  could  not 
be  divided  among  the  Companies,  was  also,  in  an  evil  hour  for  the  peace  of  the  Londoners  them- 
selves, accepted.     It  was  coupled  with  the  statement,  to  be  sure,  that  the  rents  and  profits  arising 
from  the  lands  around  Deny  and  Coleraine,  the  ferries,  and  the  fishings  might  be  divided,  and 
handed  to  the  twelve  Companies  as  a  regular  item  of  their  revenues.     But  this  was  never  done;  far 
these  vast  sums  now  arising  yearly  from  fifteen  thousand  acres  around  Derry,  and  nine  thousand 
around  Coleraine,  and  the  magnificent  fisheries,  especially  of  the  Foyle  and  the  Bann,  are  alllost  to 
the  Companies,  and  appropriated  to  whatever  purposes  the  Irish  Society  may  think  proper.    This 
fact  has  been  the  source  of  endless  jealousies  and  heartburnings  between  the  Companies  on  one  side, 
and  the  Irish  Society,  representing  the  'City'  or  London  corporation  on  the  other.      It  has  led  the 
Companies,  perhaps  more  than  any  other  cause,  to  lose  their  natural  interest  in  the  m€Sast  or 
progress  of  their  Ulster  estates,  and    has    been    the  source    of  fierce  litigation    between  the 
Skinners'  Company  and  the  Irish  Society.     This  litigation  culminated  in  the  memorable  trial 
of  1838,  before  the   Right  Honourable  Lord   Langdale,  Master  of  the   Rolls.     Sir  W.  FoUelt, 
one  of  the  counsel  for  the  Skinners'  Company,  stated  the  prayer  of  this  Company,  as  pl<inrift> 
in  the  following  terms  : — ''That  it  may  be  declared  that  the  plaintiffs  and  the  other  Companies 
who  contributed   to   the  expenses  of  the  said  new  plantation  in  Ulster,  and    to  whom,  and 
for  whose  benefit,  the  said  lands  and  hereditaments  were  allotted  and  conveyed,  are  benefidaDy 
entitled  to  the  rents  and  profits  of  the  said  ferries,  fisheries,  and  town  lands  [the  lands  adj<Hning 
Derry  and  Coleraine] ;  and  that  it  may  be  declared  that  the  said  Irish  Society  of  London  are 
trustees  of  the  same  rents  and  profits,  subject,  as  aforesaid,  for  plaintiffs  and  the  said  other 
Companies ;  and  that  an  account  may  be  taken,  by  and  under  the  direction  of  this  Hon.  Court,  of 
the  rents  and  profits  of  said   ferries,  fisheries,  and  lands,  which  have  been  received  by  said 
defendants,  the  Irish  Society  of  London ;  and  that  a  partition  of  the  said  ferries,  fisheries,  and  luMh 
between  the  plaintiffs  and  the  said  other  Companies,  may  be  decreed;  and  that  the  same  may  be 
effected  by  proper  conveyances.     Or,  if  this  Hon.  Court  shall  be  of  opinion  that  such  pvtitioo 
ought  not  to  be  made,  then  that  the  said  Irish  Society  of  London  may  be  removed  from  betag 
trustees,  and  that  one  or  more  of  the  said  Companies,  or  such  person  or  persons  as  to  this  Ho& 
Court  may  appear  best,  may  be  appointed  trustee  or  trustees,  or  that  such  other  arrangement,  is  tt 
this  Hon.  Court  may  appear  just  and  proper,  may  be  made,  securing  to  plainrifRy  uid  said  ocfaer 


THE  LONDONERS'  PLANTATION.  43 1 

4 

Companies,  the  due  payment  of  their  respective  proportions  of  the  rents  and  profits;  and  that  in  the 
mean  time  a  receiver  or  receivers  of  the  said  rents  and  profits  may  be  appointed  under  the  decree 
of  this  Hon.  Court ;  and  that  the  said  defendants,  the  Irish  Society  of  London,  may  be  restrained, 
by  the  injunction  of  this  court,  from  collecting,  getting  in,  and  receiving  the  same  rents  and  profits." 
(See  Skinners'  Company  v.  Irish  Society ^  1838,  pp.  3,  4).  The  plaintiffs  failed  in  their  apparently  just 
attempt  to  take  these  rents  from  under  the  control  of  the  Irish  Society.  The  judge,  when  summing 
up  the  evidence,  observed  in  reference  to  this  main  question,  that  "we  must  bear  in  mind  that  very 
considerable  and  expensive  public  works  were  still  in  progress  ;  that  the  City  was  then  conceived  to 
have  power  to  levy,  compulsorily,  all  such  monies  as  should  be  required ;  and  that  some  income  of 
no  inconsiderable  amount,  was  at  that  time  derived,  or  about  to  be  derived,  from  the  property  not 
then  to  be  divided.  At  a  time  when  it  was  thought  that  money  could  be  levied  by  taxation 
whenever  it  was  wanted,  the  necessit>'  or  even  the  propriety  of  reserving  some  property  producing 
income  to  answer  the  general  purposes  of  the  Plantation,  may  not  have  been  suggested ;  or,  if 
suggested,  may  have  yielded  to  the  greater  prudence  of  holding  out  prospects  of  income  or  profit  to 
those  upon  whom  the  burden  was  imposed,  by  a  power  which,  even  if  thought  lawful,  must  have 
been  considered  as  arbitrary  ;  and  was,  according  to  the  evidence  in  many  instances,  not  obeyed 
without  reluctance  on  one  side,  and  the  application  of  force  on  the  other."  {Ibid.  p.  1237).  The 
main  point  was  thus  very  feebly  touched. 

But,  although  it  would  thus  appear  that  these  valuable  portions  of  the  Londoners'  property 
could  not  be  divided  nor  restored  in  any  shape  to  the  twelve  companies,  for  whose  use  they  were 
at  first  undoubtedly  intended  by  the  grant  from  the  Crown,  there  was  no  time  lost  in  subdividing 
and  distributing  the  other  lands,  in  twelve  shares,  to  the  twelve  companies  aforesaid.  So  early  as 
the  month  of  April,  or  about  two  months  after  the  date  of  the  charter,  the  Court  of  Common 
Council  enacted  that  every  several  Company  of  the  City  should  have  its  several  share  and  proportion 
of  the  lands  according  to  the  monies  by  them  disbursed,  having  respect  to  the  good  or  bad  qualities 
of  the  soil,  the  lands  of  each  Company  to  lie  together,  and  not  dispersedly  in  several  places,  and 
where  the  soil  was  poor,  an  allowance  to  be  made  in  quantity,  so  as  to  make  it  equal  in  value  to 
that  which  was  better.  An  actual  division  was  effected  by  lot  under  the  superintendence  of  this 
Common  Council,  on  the  17th  Dec,  161 3,  when  each  of  the  twelve  chief  London  Companies  had 
allotted  to  it  so  much  land  as  in  quantity  and  value  equalled  one-twelfth  part  of  the  whole  of  the 
lands,  every  smaller  company,  besides  the  twelve  leading  ones,  to  have  an  interest  or  share  in 
the  divided  lands  proportioned  to  the  amount  of  money  levied  upon  it  for  the  purposes  of  the 
plantation. 

On  the  memorable  day  above  named.  Alderman  Cockaine,  the  first  governor  of  the  Society, 
assembled  the  masters  and  wardens  of  the  several  companies  to  take  their  lots  in  the  grand  raffle. 
The  twelve  estates  into  which  the  lands  had  been  divided,  were  severally  represented  to  the 
admiration  of  the  Court  on  twelve  separate  sheets  of  paper,  numbered,  i,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9,  10, 
II,  12.     Corresponding  to  these  twelve  divisions,  the  committee  had  prepared  twelve  pieces  of 


432  THE    PLANTATION    IN   ULSTER. 

paper,  each  having  one  of  the  Uvelve  numbers  written  on  it,  and  rolled  up  separately,  each  to 
represent  a  lot     It  appears  that  the  whole  monies  collected  until  that  time,  for  plantation  puiposeii 
amounted  to  ;^4o,ooo.     This  sum  was  also  divided  into  twelve  equal  proportions,  each  propoitioii 
amounting  to  ;^3,333  6x.  Sd.     In  the  subdivision  ''  this  course  had  been  taken,  that  so  many  of 
the  companies  of  the  City  which  had  contributed  so  much  as  made  up  one  full   portion  of 
;^3)333  ^^-  ^^'9  according  to  the  several  sums  by  them  already  disbursed,  had  been  added  and 
joined  together ;  and  that,  in  every  of  the  said  twelve  proportions  of  money,  one  of  the  twelve 
principal  companies  stood  as  chief,  and  unto  that  principal  company,  not  having  of  itself  expended 
so  much  money  as  amounted  to  a  full  proportion,  were  added  and  joined  so  many  of  the  infeiioi 
companies  as,  according  to  their  several  3ums  by  them  already  disbursed,  made  up  a  full  proportion 
of  ;;^3,333  6x.  Sd.,  as  near  as  possible  might  be.     And  where  the  sum  of  any  company  already 
disbursed  exceeded  the  last  mentioned  sum,  the  said  company  was  joined  to  some  other  principil 
company  for  th  j  overplus ;  and  inasmuch  as  the  companies  joined  together  to  make  up  a  propor- 
tion of  money,  a:id  their  sums  did  not  altogether  make  up  an  even  proportion,  but  some  happened 
to  be  more  and  others  less,  than  a  full  proportion  ;  in  that  case,  the  companies  so  joined  together 
were  rateably  to  pay  to,  or  receive  from,  the  Treasurer  of  the  said  plantation,  that  which  should  be 
more  or  less  than  a  full  proportion  ;  which  companies'  names  that  were  so  joined  together,  to  make 
up  the  said  twelve  proportions  of  money,  were,  in  like  manner,  severally  written  on  twelve  several 
pieces  of  paper,  together  with  the  sum  of  money  disbursed  by  each  company,  and  were  aflerwards 
in  like  manner,  rolled  and  tied  up  together  like  lots,  and  were  brought  likewise  and  presented  in 
court,  by  the  governor,  in  a  box  by  themselves.     And  the  same  particulars  were  also  written 
together  on  a  sheet  of  paper,  and  subscribed  with  the  names  of  the  committees  for  the  said 
Plantation."    When  all  the  necessary  arrangements  were  completed  "by  the  general  assent  of  all 
parties  present  interested  in  the  business,  Rowland  Smart,  Esq.,  the  then  sword-bearer  of  this  City, 
was  chosen  and  appointed  an  indifferent  [impartial]  man,  to  draw  the  said  lots  on  behalf  of  the 
Companies  of  this  City,  which  was  done  in  this  manner.     The  lots  of  the  figures  before  mentioned, 
referring  to  the  proportions  of  land  specified  in  the  several  sheets,  were  opened  and  poured  out  of 
the  box  wherein  they  were,  into  a  hat  held  for  that  purpose,  in  which  hat  they  were  shuiBed 
together ;  and  the  lots  of  the  companies'  Aames,  and  of  their  sums  disbursed,  were  likewise  opened 
and  poured  out  of  the  box  within  which  they  were,  and  put  into  another  hat  held  for  that  purpoK^ 
and  also  shuffled  together  by  themselves ;  and  the  sword-bearer  standing  in  the  midst  between  bodb 
hats,  did  with  one  hand  draw  the  lot  of  figures,  and  ^^'ith  the  other  hand  the  lot  of  the  companies 
names  and  sums,  and  what  figure  each  of  the  companies'  lots  did  draw,  the  proportion  of  hat 
whereunto  that  figure  did  refer  and  allude,  was,  together  with  the  same  lot,  delivered  openly  ii 
court  by  the  said  governor  [Cockaine],  to  one  of  the  wardens  of  the  principal  companies  that  fini 
was  named  in  the  same  lot ;  in  which  course  and  order  all  the  said  lots  were  drawn." 


The  process  of  allotment  is  but  obscurely  indicated  in  the  forgoing  sentences,  but  the 
appears  to  have  been  accepted.     The  names  of  the  twelve  leading  companies,  and  also  those  of 
their  respective  minor  or  inferior  companies,  with  the  sums  subscribed  by  each,  to  make  op  dK 


THE  LONDONERS  PLANTATION. 


433 


11  amount  of  ;;^40,ooo,  are  mentioned  in  the 

...  ;^2,68o     o     o 
200     o     o 


Mercers 

Inholders  ... 


Cooks 

Masons 


Grocers  (in  part) 

Drapers 

Tallow-chandlers 


Fishmangers    . . . 
Leather-sellers 
Plasterers  ... 
Glaziers 
Basket-makers 
Musicians 


Goldsmiths    . . . 
Cordwainers 
Painter-stainers 
Armourers 


Skinners 

Stationers  ... 
White-bakers 
Girdlers 


Ciothworkers 

Overplus  from  Mer- 
chant Tailors 

Butchers    ... 

Brown-Bakers 

Upholders 

Boyers 

Fletchers   . . . 


lotal 


153     o     o 
100     o     o 


;^3,333 

;£3>o72 
260 


;^3»332 

;^2,260 


950 
40 

32 

32 

20 


;«{^3»333 

^^1,963 
520 

420 
370 


;£3»273 


o     o 

6'  8 

o     o 
o     o 


o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


o 
o 
o 
o 


o 
o 


752  13 

150     o 
90     o 

44     o 
20     o 

20     o 


following  list : — 

8.  Merchant  Tailors 
(in  part) 

9.  Haberdashers 
Wax-chandlers 
Turners      ... 
Founders  ... 


o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


;^3,334  o  o 

...  ;^2,999  o  o 

250  o  o 

44  o  o 

40  o  o 


o 
o 
o 
o 


o 
o 

4 
o 

o 

o 

o 

o 


10.    Sailers 
Dyers 
Sadlers 
Cutlers 
Joiners 
Woolmen  ... 


II.    Ironmongers 
Brewers 
Scourers 
Coopers 
Pewterers 
Barber-Surgeons 
Carpenters 


••  £Z^ZZZ     6     8 


-;^3>i24 
80 
68 
60 


£^y9SA 
580 

390 
225 

164 

20 


;^i,5i4 
500 

.      370 
280 

240 

230 

200 


o 
o 
o 
o 


o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


£z,zz^  13    4 

...  ;^40,ooo[only  ;^39,74o     o     o] 


o 
o 
o 
o 


;£3»332     o     o 


o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


;£3,333     o     o 


o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


£ZyZZA     o     o 


12.     Vintners      -  ...              ...  ;;^2,o8o  o  o 

Overplus  from  Grocers  540  13  4 

W^oodmongers           ...  200  o  o 

Weavers     ...              ...  100  o  o 

Plumbers  ...  80  o  o 

Poulterers ...             ...  80  o  o 

Tilers  and  Bricklayers  80  o  o 

Blacksmiths               ...  64  o  a 

Fruiterers  ...  64  o  o 

Curriers      ...              ...  44  o  o 


-;^3,332   13     4 


K    2 


434 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


The  following  Companies  were  to  pay,  viz., 


Mercers 
(k)ldsmiths  ... 
Skinners 
Drapers 


...  £o  6  8 

...      o  6  8 

...      o  6  8 

I  6  8 


Haberdashers 

Salters 

Vintoers 


o    6  I 
.      o  13   4 


£a  n  4 


And  the  following  to  receive,  viz., 


Fishmongers 
Ironmongers 
Clothworkers 


...  £0  13  4 
...  o  13  4 
...      368 


£a  13    4 


The  Lord   Mayor  of  London  had  previously  issued  a   'precept'  to  the  twelve  principil 
companies  begging  to  be  informed  whether  each  of  them  would  accept  a  proportionable  share  of 
land  in  lieu  of  the  money  advanced  by  it,  building  and  planting  the  same  at  its  own  cost  according 
to  the  orders  and  conditions  for  so  doing ;  or  whether  each  company  would  prefer  letting  its  own 
lands,  instead  of  submitting  the  management  of  the  whole  business  to  the  governor  and  assistants  of 
the  company  for  the  time  being.     The  reply  to  this  query  in  every  case  was,  that  each  comptnj  «as 
prepared  to  accept  land  in  lieu  of  its  subscriptions,  and  to  manage  for  itself,  in  building  and 
planting  according  to  the  prescribed  regulations  in  the  "printed  book" — the  book  issued  by  the 
Government  in  1608,  containing  the  orders  and  conditions  of  plantation.     The  twelve  propoitioos 
or  estates  were,  therefore,  immediately  consigned  to  the  management  of  the  twelve  chief  compuiiei 
and  their  respective  associated  minor  companies.     Conveyances  were  made  by  the  Society  to  each 
of  the  twelve,  separately,  in  virtue  of  the  powers  conferred  by  their  charter  of  incorporatioa    Ate 
this  distribution,  the  only  ix)rtions  of  the  Royal  grant  that  remained  exclusively  in  the  Irish  Sodetjr 
were  the  city  of  Deny  with  its  adjoining  lands,  at  the  present  day  numbering  15,000  acres;  the 
town  of  Coleraine  with  lands  now  amounting  to  9,000  acres  ;  together  with  all  the  fisheries  and  ferries 
throughout  the  whole  district,  which  could  not  be  divided,  and  which  constitute  the  only  property 
really  owned  by  the  Londoners  since  the  dates  at  which  the  lands  generally  were  thus  conveyed 
to  the  companies.     So  soon  as  these  conveyances  were  made  orders  were  sent  from  the  goveinor 
and  assistants  of  the  Irish  Society  in  London  to  their  agent,  Tristram  Beresford,  at  Cderaine,  to 
deliver  possession  of  the  several  proportions  in  due  order  to  the  twelve  companies  as  allotted.    At 
that  early  period  the  companies  had  no  regularly  appointed  agents  on  their  proportions,  and  were 
satisfied  with  scraps  of  information  gleaned  from  such  acquaintances  as  the  members  of  each 
company  might  happen  to  know  anywhere  in  Ulster.     Thus  we  find  the  wardens  of  the  Iron- 
mongers' Company  inquiring,  in  the  following  letter,  after  their  lands,  from  a  Mr.  Thomas  FuUiiSft 
who  happened  to  be  located  so  far  away  from  said  lands  as  at  the  Lififer  or  Lifibrd : — *' At  jour  latt 
being  in  London  with  us,  you  gave  us  knowledge  both  of  your  love  and  ezperienoe  ;  with  dene  of 


THE    LONDONERS     PLANTATION. 


435 


your  further  testimony  of  the  same,  we,  therefore,  entertaining  your  kind  offer  and  friendship, 

request  you,  that  out  of  that  love  you  will  certify  us  the  state  and  nature  of  that  country  wherein 

we  are  fallen  by  our  lot,  within  four  miles  of  Colraine,  and  on  part  of  the  Bann,  and  the  fittest 

place  for  the  erection  of  a  principal  castle,  and  how  the  country  will  afford  us  stuff  and  workmen ; 

leaving  to  your  judgment  and  report  herein  more  than  we  wish  or  will  set  down,  expecting  only 

your  answer  and  the  pleasure  you  may  do  us,  and  leave  wishing  you  prosperous  health  from  the 

AUmightye.     Your  very  loving  friends,  James  Cambell, 

William   Bucknam." 
See  Nichoirs  Account  of  the  Company  of  Ironmongers^  pp.  385,  386. 

As  an  illustration  of  the  form  of  certificate  reciting  the  denominations  to  be  surrendered  by 
the  agent  to  each  company,  we  quote  the  following  ''^  Brief e  of  the  division  of  landes^  ye  No,  7, 
pertaining  to  the  Worshipfull  Company  of  lermongers^  and  other  the  Worshipfull  their  associats, — 
18  Nov.  1 613  : — 


Athgeave  [Aghivey]  Grange 


Mulla  Inch. 


Ba.  Reah. 

Refamore. 

Glaskard. 

Mullmore. 

Ballinegew. 

Colcrow. 

Dromstable. 

Skalltee. 

Knockduffe. 

Clonback. 

Ruskey. 

Clarhill. 

Clonken. 

Cormuncla. 

Shaltah. 

Claggan. 

Reeske. 

Mulla  Inch 

Gortfaddy. 

Coolcapall. 

Ringrasse. 

Coddrum. 


Ballene  Fueigh. 


Terkerlim. 

Gortglagon. 

Magheremew. 

Coolban. 

Statalurty. 

Dunmayne. 

Brackboy. 

Colroskean. 

Forsett  Mona  [this  ford  on  j'  Ballymore. 
the  Bann  is  now  known  I  Tedenbane.  • 
as  the  Vow  Ferry.]  (  Treanaltena." 


Moytulla. 


Kannakille. 


Agevenall. 


]  Two  Cullens. 


Ba.  N.  Nonta. 
Ba.  Skanlan. 
Ba.  Brack. 
Ba.  Clogh. 
Colour. 
Dro.  Crum. 
Ba.  Willian. 
Killeah. 
Killnaglass. 
Ba.  na.  Cluntagh. 
Ba.  na.  Chan. 

'  Ba.  Ohagan. 
Enishlom. 
Carrowrea. 
Tawnymore. 
Cah. 
Liskall. 
Lissaboy. 
Tallduffe. 
Lisnacreogb. 


436 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Each  of  the  twelve  companies  was  supposed,  on  the  division  of  the  lands,  to  have  received  at 
its  portion,  just  3,2  lo  acres  of  arable  land,  neither  more  nor  less.     This  portion  has  since  expuufef^ 
on  an  average  of  all  the  cases  into  at  least  ten  times  that  quantity — such  goodly  increase  resultiiy 
in  part  from  the  very  loose  and  liberal  style  in  which  the  survey  was  originally  made,  although  the 
reclamation  of  '  unprofitable  lands'  has  also  materially  augmented  several  of  the  companies'  cstato. 

XII. 
The  Ironmongers,  who,  for  a  time  appear  to  have  been  unprovided  with  an  agent  to  look 
afler  their  lands,  soon  contrived  to  obtain  the  ser\'ices  of  a  highly  respectable  and  intelligent  peisoo, 
named  George  Canning  (78).  This  gentleman  was  engaged  in  16 14,  and  sent  to  Aghadowej, 
where  the  lands  of  the  Ironmongers'  estate  principally  lay.  In  our  absolute  dearth  of  infonnatioQ 
respecting  the  first  feeble  movements  of  the  companies  in  the  settlement  of  their  several  lands,  it 
is  important  to  have  even  two  or  three  letters  from  the  scene  of  action,  written  by  thb  evidentljr 
able  man,  who  speaks  specially,  of  course,  in  reference  to  the  estate  on  which  he  was  emplo}td, 
but  whose  statements  also  apply  more  or  less  directly  to  current  matters  in  other  companies'  landi 
Canning,  after  having  spent  some  months  on  the  Bann-side,  wrote  to  his  employers  the  following 
among  other  letters  : — "  Right  Worshipfull — Maie  it  please  you  to  understande  that  my  last  fetter 
to  you  was  by  Mr.  Vincent,  preacher  at  Colraine,  and  nowe  being  this  Saboth  come  to  Cofaaine,  I 
hear  of  this  conveyance  which  doth  purpose  to  goe  forwarde  to-morrowe  morning,  and  therefore  I 
am  enforced  to  write  in  some  haste,  soe  that  I  cannot  write  soe  largelie  of  your  business  and  mj 
accompt  as  I  would  have  done  if  I  had  more  tyme  (79).  But  thus  much  I  must  give  you  to 
understande  that  the  money  which  did  rest  in  my  hands  upon  my  last  accompt  is  allmost  ill 
disbursed  (80),  and  your  building  nowe  begun  which  is  not  fitt  should  be  neglected  or  prdooged, 
and  because  I  am  uncertain  how  long  it  will  be  before  I  heare  from  your  worships,  I  have  presamed 


(78).  Canning. — This  agent  belonged  to  a  very  old  and 
distinguished  family,  although  before  his  time  it  had  been 
pretty  much  scattered  and  reduced.  The  surname  is 
originally  derived  from  a  manor  in  Wiltshire,  where  the 
family  appears  to  have  been  first  known,  "and  where  this 
senior  line  terminated  in  co-heiresses  in  the  reign  of  Henry 
VIL  A  younger  son  had  settled  in  Bristol  in  the  time  of 
Kdward  II.,  and  the  branch  founded  by  him  formed  the 
most  eminent  family  of  that  city  during  the  greater  part 
of  the  fourteenth  and  fifleenth  centuries.  William  Can- 
ninges  represented  Bristol  in  several  successive  parlia- 
ments, and  was  six  times  mayor  between  1360  and  1 390. 
He  died  in  1396,  having  had,  with  other  issue,  John  Can- 
ninges,  his  son  and  heir,  who  was  member  for  Bristol,  and 
also,  in  1392  and  1398,  mayor.  He  died  in  1406, 
leaving  three  sons  and  three  daughters,  all  then  under 
age.  Thomas,  his  second  son,  was  lord  mayor  of  London 
in  1456  ;  William,  his  third  son,  was  the  celebrated  mayor 
of  Bristol  in  the  reign  of  Edward  IV.,  and  the  re-founder 
of  the  church  of  St.  Mary  Redcliffe,  in  that  city.  He 
died  in  1476,  l)eing  then  in  holy  orders,  and  dean  of  the 
priory  of  Westbury,  which  he  had  previously  founded. 
John  Canning,  the  eldest  son  of  John,  was  the  father  of 
Thomas  Canning,  who  acquired  the  estate  of  Foxcote  [in 


Warwickshire]  by  his  marriage  with  Agnes*  the  ddot 
daughter  and  co-heir  of  Tohn  Salmon  and  EuUtia  kb 
wife,  daughter  and  heir  oi  John  Marshall,  in  wboK  Cuulj 
Foxcote  had  been  vested  from  the  time  of  the  Cooqaot. 
George  Canning,  agent  for  the  Ironmongen,  was  gittf- 
great-grandson  of  Thomas,  last  named,  iuX  wis  bm  it 
Foxcote,  his  mother  being  Elizabeth,  a  daaghttf  of 
Richard  Petty,  of  Illmington.  Sec  Burke*s  Dormmii  W 
Extinct  Peerages,  pp.  601,  602. 

(79).  Afore  tyme, — Mr.  Canning  had  gone  down  ^ 
Bann  from  Agivey  to  Coleraine,  to  hear  one  of  bii 
own  preachers  there,  and  transact  certain  little  secvhr 
duties  at  the  same  time. 

(80).  Ali  disburud,—TYit  several  companies,  witho* 
waiting  for  their  conveyances,  had  genenUv  made  oeitiis 
little  movements  on  their  lands  by  way  of  beginaiDgi  to 
plant,  but  these  first  steps  were  rery  slenderly  cnooanfe^ 
so  far  as  any  actual  outlay  was  concerned.  llielbimditMaft 
of  a  castle  or  stone  house  had  been  laid  bj  the  Int- 
mongers'  agent  at  Agivey,  but  after  that  e£RNt  the  worii 
had  come  to  a  stand,  and  there  was  now  a  risk  of  fcttii( 
into  trouble  with  the  Goveroment  should  the  eractna  M 
delayed,  and  therefore  the  afent  was  oblifad  to  bona* 
as  much  as  might  keep  going. 


THE    LONDONERS     PLANTATION.  437 

to  take  upp  a  hundred  poundes  of  Mr.  Beresford  (see  p.  404),  to  be  paid  per  my  Bill  of  Exchange 
in  London,  which  I  hope  (and  doe  not  doubt  but)  you  will  see  performed  :  if  I  had  not  spoke  of 
it  when  I  did,  the  Fishmongers*  agent  had  had  it  I  am  J)eholdinge  [obliged]  to  Mr.  Beresforde, 
for  he  was  verie  willinge  to  supply  my  wants  in  your  business  with  it.  Nowe  the  tyme  of  the  yeare 
is  come  to  followe  the  building  of  your  castell  with  all  convenient  speed,  and  money  must  daylie 
be  layed  out,  wherefore  I  entreate  you  not^to  dislike  with  me  for  taking  upp  this  100//.  nowe  when 
I  may  have  it,  and  also  I  pray  you  not  to  be  unmindfull  to  supply  your  busines  here  with  more 
money,  as  you  in  your  wisdomes  doe  understand  to  be  needfuU.  I  will,  in  my  next  letters  (which 
shall  be  per  the  first  that  I  may  convenientlie  send  by)  write  you  again  the  particulars  of  my 
accompte  and  send  it  to  you.  I  perceive  that  some  of  my  worshipfull  friends  in  the  companie  did 
something  dislike  the  accompte  of  my  charges  in  my  first  employment  here  the  last  yeare ;  I  feare 
they  would  more  deslike  nowe,  and  therefore  I  rather  choose  to  referr  it  to  your  owne  pleasures 
than  I  would  ofTende,  nothing  doubting  but  you  vnW  consider  the  troublesomeness  of  this  yeare  in 
these  partes,  which  cannot  be  but  it  must  augment  my  charges  rather  than  lessen  it ;  but 
whatsoever  it  please  you  to  allow  me  I  beseech  you  to  let  me  have  your  loves  with  it,  and  I  shall 
be  highly  content. 

"  I  am  informed  (but  howe  true  it  is  I  knowe  not)  that  some  in  Colraine  have  accused  me  of 
some  things  to  your  worships ;  if  soe,  you  may  perceive  by  my  letters  and  accompts  sent  you 
heretofore  howe  untrue  the  accusation  is  in  parte ;  and  you  shall  in  the  ende  finde  that  all  the 
reste  is  as  false  ;  and,  therefore,  I  beseech  you  if  anie  such  thing  come  to  you  against  me,  to  give 
noe  creditt  to  it,  untill  you  understande  the  truth,  and  if  I  be  faultie  let  me  finde  no  favour.  I  see 
it  is  soe  common  a  practise  amongst  some  to  busie  themselves  in  such  matters,  that  it  hath  made 
me  over-doubtfull,  for  I  cannot  flatter  them,  nor  will  I  yielde  to  some  thinges  which  is  expected 
from  me  which  makes  me  to  be  more  subject  to  their  ill  wills  and  ill  wordes,  but  I  doubte  not  of 
your  kinde  censure  untill  you  finde  just  cause  to  the  contrarie.  And  soe  for  this  tyme,  I  humblie 
take  my  leave,  and  committ  you  all  to  the  protection  of  the  most  Highest,  resting  even  att  your 
worships'  commaunde,  George  Canninge. 

"Colraine,  the  25th  of  February,  1614-15." 

In  securing  the  services  of  Canning,  the  Ironmongers  felt  rather  complimented  that  a 
gentleman  of  real  position  and  respectability,  as  he  was,  should  undertake  the  difficult  and  often 
thankless  duties  of  an  agent  under  the  very  trying  circumstances  of  the  case.  He  always  writes  in 
a  respectful,  but  at  the  same  time  authoritative  tone,  as  one  who  knows  what  is  necessary  to  be 
done  on  the  lands,  and  not  afraid  to  say  so,  when  occasions  require.  The  companies  were  all 
very  hard  to  manage  in  money  matters,  the  citizens  generally  believing  that  they  would  have  had 
little  or  no  outlay  to  make,  but  that  their  rents  under  the  management  of  agents  would,  from  the 
commencement,  be  sufficient  not  only  to  meet  all  expenses,  but  provide  a  good  surplus.  Indeed 
ill  the  companies  would  have  required  men  like  Canning,  who  could  instruct  them  on  the  subject 
)f  their  duties  as  colonisers  of  Ulster,  by  showing  them  that  it  was  really  for  their  own  interests  at 
he  beginning  to  avoid  a  fatal  niggardliness  and  parsimony.     He  returned,  towards  the  close  of 


438 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


1615,  old  style,  to  visit  his  family  at  Barton,  in  Warwickshire.  Whilst  there,  he  addressed  the 
following  letter  to  his  employers  on  the  state  of  affairs  as  he  had  observed  them,  and  containing 
suitable  recommendations  and  suggestions  : — 

"  Right  Worshipfull — It  may  please  you  to  understand  that  since  my  coming  [to  England]! 
have  disposed  upon  my  owne  affaires  here  in  this  country,  and  are  [am]  readie  to  goe  forwarde  of 
my  journey  for  Ireland;  but  it  hath  pleased  God  to  crosse  my  intended  resolution  for  thepresente  by 
visitting  my  wiefe  with  sicknes  which  hath  held  her  ever  since  my  comeing  from  London,  see  that 
I  cannot  take  her  over  with  me  nowe,  and  my  occasions,  as  your  Worships  knowe,  doth  requiK 
my  being  in  Ireland  this  Spring,  and  at  the  fardest  a  weeke  or  fourteene  dales  before  Ma)t 
Therefore,  I  must  nowe  resolve  (if  God  i)ermit)  to  retume  hither  again  as  soon  as  I  have  settled 
the  next  half  yeares  rents,  and  taken  order  that  the  finishing  of  your  plantation  there  goe  forwarde. 
This  duble  journey  in  transporting  my  weife  and  familie  (81)  thither  will  be  duble  charges  to  me. 
but  no  remeadie.  I  write  this  that  your  Worships  should  not  thinke  it  any  idle  humour  in  me 
that  I  am  absent  from  your  plantation  any  while  at  all.  Now  my  suite  is  that  you  would  be  pleased 
to  remember  those  severall  things  which  I  gave  notice  of  in  writing,  and  are  verie  needfull  to  be 
presentlie  effected,  as  namelie,  the  taking  out  of  your  particular  assurance  that  the  title  of  yonr 
lands  in  controversy  may  be  tryed  in  your  own  names,  and  also  that  your  Court  Baron  may  be 
erected  there,  wherebye  your  poor  tennants  shall  be  freed  from  anie  molestations  they  are  now 
put  to  by  the  countie  sheriffe  and  their  bailiffes ;  and  alsoe  that  some  good  course  may  be  taken 
for  the  reliefe  of  your  tennants  against  the  souldiers,  which  have  hitherto  continually  oppressed 
them  ;  the  present  infancie  of  the  plantation  doth  rather  require  that  they  should  be  cherished 
and  not  oppressed  any  manner  of  ways ;  this  will  be  an  encouragement  to  those  fewe  that 
are  there,  and  cause  others  to  come  s  Doner  thither ;  I  speak  not  this  onlie  for  your  owne  pro- 
portion, but  for  the  whole  plantation  of  the  Cittie's  lands  (82).     Alsoe,  that  it  would  please  w 


(81).  PFfi/f  and  familif, — Canning^s  wife  was  Anne, 
daughter  of  (Jilbert  Walker,  of  Walford,  in  the  county  of 
Worcester  ;  and  his  family  included  at  least  three  sons, 
named  respectively  Paul,  Rol)ert,  and  William.  Paul 
built  the  church  in  Garvagh,  and  was  living  in  1619,  but 
die<l  soon  afterwards  and  was  succeeded  by  his  brother 
William,  Robert  having  died  previously  to  his  eldest 
brother.  William  was  killed  at  the  outbreak  of  1 641, 
and  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son  and  heir  Geoi^ 
Canning  of  Garvagh  and  Agivey,  who  married  Mary 
Stephney  of  Dublin.  He  was  succeeded  by  his  son,  also 
named  George,  who,  in  1697,  married  Abigail,  daughter 
of  Robert  Strafford,  M.P.  for  the  county  of  Wicklow. 
He  was  succeeded  by  his  eldest  son  Stratford,  M-ho  was 
bom  in  1703,  and  who,  in  1734,  married  I^titia,  daughter 
and  heir  of  Obadiah  Newburgh,  of  Ballyhaise,  in  the 
county  of  Cavan.  By  this  lady  he  left  a  large  family,  the 
eldest  of  whom,  named  George,  married  Mary  Ann 
Costelloe,  of  Wigmore-street,  London,  thus  incurring  the 
displeasure  of  his  family,  and  the  penalty  of  disinheritance. 
'I'his  son  died  in  1 771,  three  years  after  his  marriage, 
leaving  one  child,  whom  his  mother  (although  poor,  and 
therefore  despised  by  her  husband's  connexions),  endowed 
with  genius,  and  who  became  in  due  time  the  Right  Hon. 


Cieorge  Canning,  one  of  the  greatest  statesmen  aadooto^ 
of  modem  times.     Paul,  the  second  son  of  ScniM 
Canning,  succeeded  to  the  family  property :  sad  hs 
eldest  son,  Geoi]ge,  was  created  Baron  Gamgh,  00  ik 
I2th  October,  1818.     See  Burke*s  Extinct  Pttn^^  ^  te- 
(82).  CittUs  lands,  —This  was  a  point  of  prioaiy  ia* 
portancc,  and  especially  for  such  of  the  compuiiet  *> 
required  to  go  to  Law  about  disputed  lands.    In  that  vcv 
[1615],  a  licence  to  hold  lands  in  mortmain  wasgnnttt 
to  the  companies ;  but  it  was  not  until  about  tw)  Jftas 
later  that  manors  were  created,  and  conveyances  tberei 
and  of  the  allotted  lands,  made  to  the  companies  by  tbc 
Irish  Society.     The  conveyances,  when  they  caoM,  «c?< 
absolute, — in  some  without,  and  in  others  with,  the  mcr- 
vation  of  rent  to  the  Irish  Society.     The  Uoense  of  tk 
companies  to  hold  in  mortmain  contained  a  recital  thii 
the  companies,  in  testimony  of  their  tine  obedicBct  to  the 
Crown,  had  disbursed,  expended,  and  bestowed  diven 
great  sums  of  money  for  ana  towards  the  boildin^  (am- 
fying,  planting,  strengthening,  and  improving  the  diy  of 
Deny  and  the  town  of  Coleraine,  and  were  willipc  a»l 
intended  to  be  at  further  charge  for  the  planting  and  im- 
proving of  their  several  other  landa.  This  was»  no  doobi. 
a  glowing  and  rather  too  highly  coloured  aocoonl  <i 


THE  LONDONERS  PLANTATION. 


439 


:her  the  erecting  of  a  come  mill  upon  your  proportion,  and  certain  small  bridges  as  I  gave 
3tice  of.     And  lastlie,  conceminge  your  ffee-farmers  to  be  made  there,  in  the  nominating  of 

it  pleased  your  Worships  in  your  love  towards  me  to  appoint  me  for  one  and  the  chiefe, 
:sire  to  you  then  was  and  is  still,  in  respecte  my  charges  in  that  service  will  be  fan*  greater 
lually  than  anie  of  your  other  tennants,  that  you  would  be  pleased  to  allow  me  three  balliboes 
farme  (83),  according  as  other  Companies  doe  allowe  their  chiefe  fee-farmer,  as  namelye,  the 
:rs,  Skynners,  Gouldsmiths,  and  others  that  yet  have  appointed  tkeir  fee-farmers,  of  which 
are  within  6  or  7  miles  of  Derr)%  where  their  service  is  to  be  performed,  and  some  within 
yles  of  the  same,  and  none  further  offe  than  I  shall  be,  which  is  24  longe  myles,  whereby 
ny  danger  and  charges  in  passing  to  and  fro  will  be  duble,  yea  treable,  to  most  of  theirs, 
le  chiefest  cause  which  moves  me  to  be  thus  earnest  with  your  Worships  in  this  suite  is  that 
Ide  it  will  be  a  disgrace  unto  me  if  I  be  inferior  in  land  to  other  ffee-farmers,  especiallie 
5  (in  the  general  opinion  there)  deserved  as  well  as  any  one  that  was  ymployed  by  any  of  the 
Companies.  I  appeale  to  the  Governor  himself  what  he  heard  of  me  when  he  was  there  (84). 
it  not,  for  I  will  ever  acknowledge  that  that  which  I  have  done,  or  shall  ever  be  able  to  doe, 

my  dutie,  and  far  short  of  which  I  have  alwaies  desired  to  performe.  But  if  I  should  fall 
of  your  favours  in  this  generall  cause  which  other  Companies  doe  voluntarilie  afforde,  it  will 
some  to  thinke  that  your  worships  finde  some  defect  in  me  which  they  cannot  see.     If  I  did 

any  thing  unreasonable  of  you,  I  shoulde  blame  myselfe  more  in  my  owne  conceept  than 
ould  doe.  And,  therefore,  I  will  never  sue  to  your  worships  for  anything  that  I  doubte  will 
lyed  me.     I  suppose  there  are  some  few  amongst  you  which  will  not  stick  to  allege  that  I 


Ives  altogether  ;  but  it  was  specially  put  forward 
re  speedier  conveyances  to  the  several  companies 
ands  they  intended  to  plant  and  build  upon,  and 
ind  that  they  might  be  still  better  encouraged  and 
I  to  perfect  the  intended  Plantation,  but  never 
sight  of  the  great  object  they  had  ultimately  in 
to  wit,  the  rewards  in  the  shape  of  good  cash 
,  for  their  investments.  The  license  to  hold  in 
lin  was  granted,  the  conveyances  of  the  lands  duly 
and  then  the  companies  were  recognised  by  the 
as  undertakers,  or  parties  really  having  an  interest 
plantation,  as  fully  entitled  to  the  lands  conveyed 
n,  and  as  respectively  entitled  to  all  the  profits 
from  their  respective  allotments.  (See  Lord  Lang- 
^ttdgmaii).     In  the  month  of  October,  1615,  the 

issued  a  notitication  to  each  of  the  twelve  com- 
that  such  of  them  as  desired  to  have  their  propor- 
ade  into  manors,  and  to  have  their  courts  leet  and 
for  the  ease  and  advantage  of  their  tenants,  should 
lat  the  names  of  their  manors  were  to  be ;  what 
hey  would  allot  for  demesnes  ;  what  lands  they 
Jlow  for  commons  for  their  tenants  ;  what  persons 

be  made  freeholders  on  each  manor,  five  being 
ended,  each  of  the  five  receiving,  as  a  sufficient 
%  one  balliboe,  or  about  60  acres.  See  Coticise 
.  25. 

In  fee-farme. — Although  Canning  had  previously, 
rign  of  Elizabeth,  been  granted  the  lands  of  Gar- 


vagh  adjoining,  he  was  willing  to  undertake  a  little  more, 
and  therefore  prayed,  as  above,  that  he  might  be  put  on 
a  level  at  least  with  certain  other  neighbouring  agents. 
The  Ironmongers  granted  his  request.  In  1617,  his 
company,  in  conformity  with  the  suggestions  of  the  Irish 
Society,  as  stated  in  the  preceding  note,  agreed  that  their 
manor  should  be  called  the  manor  of  Lizard,  nominating, 
at  the  same  time,  as  freeholders,  George  Canning,  agent, 
to  have  the  three  balliboes  called  Ballimore,  Brackaboy, 
and  Cah ;  William  Wilkes,  to  have  one  balliboe,  called 
Eiskall ;  John  Exful,  to  have  the  balliboe  called  Calduff. 
Nathaniel  Carrington,  to  have  the  balliboe  of  Tawny- 
more  ;  John  Petty,  to  have  the  balliboe  of  Lisarbony  \ 
and  William  Canning,  the  balliboe  of  Colcoskrean. 
William  Canning,  a  brother  of  George,  was  Master  of 
the  Ironmongers*  Company  in  161 7.  He  stated  at  a 
meeting  of  their  committee  that  it  was  his  intention  to  go 
to  Ireland,  with  his  wife  and  family  ;  but  he  must  have 
failed  to  carry  his  resolution  into  effect,  as  his  family  was 
afterwards  settled  at  Elsenham  in  Essex.  (Sec  NichoU's 
Account  of  the  Ironmongers^  Company^  p.  397).  William 
Canning  was  also  styled  as  of  Basingshaw,  Blackwell 
Hall,  London,  merchant.  See  Burke's  Extinct  Peerages^ 
p.  602. 

(84).  Was  there. — The  governor  here  appealed  to  was 
Cockaine,  who  had  visited  Ulster  to  arrange  certain  heavy 
transactions  with  Sir  Thomas  Phillips  on  the  questions  of 
disputed  lands. 


440 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


have  been  alreadie  kindlie  dealt  withall,  and  out  of  their  ignorance  and  want  of  true  understandinge 
of  that  countr)%  and  the  nature  of  the  plantation,  say  that  I  have  a  wonderful!  good  baigan  fiom 
you.  Your  kindnes  and  loves  towards  me  I  will  always  acknowledge,  and  ever  be  thankful  to  the 
utmost  of  my  power.  As  for  my  bargan,  I  am  farr  from  repenting  it,  yet  I  could  wishe  with  all  my 
hart  that  he  that  repines  att  it  had  the  same  upone  the  like  resolutions  as  I  take  it,  which  is  to 
continue  and  dwell  upon  it  himself ;  I  suppose  then  he  would  think  otherwise,  and  look  back  ten 
tymes  towards  London  before  he  came  so  farr  as  St.  Albans ;  yet  I  verily  think  that  you  need  not 
have  looked  for  a  chapman  that  would  have  promised  many  great  things,  but  in  the  perfonnanre 
you  should  have  found  him  farr  short  of  that  which  I  have  undertaken,  and  will  perform  to  )'Our 
content,  if  it  please  God  to  give  a  blessing  to  my  endeavours  and  send  peace  into  the  countij;  if 
not,  His  will  be  done  I "  (85).     Nicholl's  Account  of  tlu  Company  of  Ironmongers^  pp.  393,  394. 

If  the  Londoners  were  loudly  and  truly  enough  accused  of  keeping  all  the  natives  on  their 
lands  simply  for  their  own  selfish  ends  of  procuring  high  rents  and  cheap  labour,  they  suffered 
rather  severely  during  the  excitement  produced  by  the  partial  insurrection  of  161 5.  Their 
lands,  in  fact,  throughout  the  whole  county,  both  before  and  after  the  discovery  of  the  combination 
in  that  year,  were  overrun  by  guerilla  bands,  who  levied  black  mail  on  all  English  settlers,  and  in 
some  cases,  perhaps,  when  resisted,  did  not  scruple  to  commit  even  greater  crimes.  On  Canning's 
return  to  Aghadowey,  the  wretchedly  disorganised  state  of  the  country  was  the  first  question  to 
attract  his  attention.  Writing  from  *Ahgiave'  [now  Agivey],  on  the  Bann,  May  13,  1615,  he  says:— 
"  The  newes  here  is  nothing  but  the  contynuall  troubles  in  theis  partes,  both  by  sea  and  land. 
Sir  Thomas  Phillips  is  now  going  from  Colraine  to  sea  with  3  or  4  smale  Barkes  after  the  pirates: 
God  speede  him  well  (86^.     There  were  never  sithence  I  came  hither  soe  many  kernes  out  in  the 


(85).  I/is  7vUl  be  done. — Mr.  Canning  soon  contriveil 
to  get  matters  pretty  much  his  own  way,  so  far  as  his 
employers,  the  Ironmongers,  were  concerned,  for,  in  1619, 
they  gave  him  a  lease  for  41  years  of  the  whole  lands  be- 
longing to  their  manor  of  Lizard,  from  Nov.  161 7,  at  the 
yearly  rent  of  150/.,  he  undertaking  to  build  bridges  at 
convenient  places,  erect  a  mill,  glaze  the  church  windows, 
provide  a  pulpit,  seats,  doors,  and  a  steeple  for  four  bcll-s 
and  to  pay  the  minister  a  stipend  of  20/.  a  year.  This 
lease  must  have  been  succeeded  by  another,  and  a  much 
longer  one,  for  which  Canning  or  his  successor  had  pro- 
bal3y  to  pay  a  gotxl  tine.  The  second  lease  only  expiretl 
in  1780,  but  its  conditions  we  know  not.  Canning  was 
living  in  1631,  for  there  is  the  following  curious  cntrj* 
under  that  year,  in  the  Ironmongers'  books  : — '*.\o.  1 63 1, 
a  Court  was  specially  called  to  consider  the  request  of  Mr. 
George  Canning,  by  his  letter  of  the  26th  of  December  last, 
<lated  at  Aghivee,  which  letter  was  to  the  following  effect : 
— That  he,  and  some  others  with  him,  did  distreyne  u]>on 
some  Irish  for  the  arrearages  of  rent  to  the  value  of  151/1. 
lax.,  which  distresses  were  refused  from  him  by  alx)ut 
thirty  Irish,  amongst  whom  an  old  Irishman,  having  over- 
heated himself  with  running,  within  six  days  after  dyed, 
having  noe  wound  nor  hurt  on  his  body,  yett  the  coroner 
and  the  jury  gave  upp  their  verdict  of  manslaughter  against 
Mr.  Canning  and  his  servant  then  with  him ;  and,  for  that 
he  feareth  the  jiresentment  of  the  same  cause  against  him 


at  the  assizes  by  his  mallicous  enemies,  who  thiist  afier 
his  estate,  which  ma^  come  into  strangers*  hands,  to  the 
ruinc  of  him  and  his  ten  children,  he  hamUy  deaitth 
the  Company  to  send  over  their  warrant,  nnder  their 
common  seale,  to  William  Vincent,  minister  of  Colnint, 
and  Godfrey  Haker,  marchand,  to  authorise  them  to  seiic 
u]>on  his  gcKxls  and  chattels,  for  the  Companies'  t»c  i^-^ 
conviction,  if  it  soe  fall  out,  and  also  his  under  tcniBN 
if  attainted  ;  and  to  take  a  just  in\'entory  of  them,  vi*-*! 
sufficient  bonds  of  those  in  whose  hands  they  be.  to  h( 
answerable  to  your  Company  for  the  value  thereof,  a&  fr-r- 
feitctl  to  them.  This  he  desireth  may  be  done  prinieir 
and  s[)ocdily,  for  soe  the  cause  requireth,  and,  for  that  tfar 
wardens  having  already  taken  the  opinion  of  Mr.  Pheasant 
in  this  matter,  conceaveth  that  the  Company  may  gti'^ 
his  request  without  prejwiice  to  themselves,  soe  as  tlKy 
nominate  a  thinl  person  giving  warrants  to  them  thitr, 
or  any  twa  The  court  are  pleased  and  contented  thst 
Mr.  Pheasant  doe  drawe  such  a  draught  or  wamnt  as  br 
conceaveth  fitting,  which  being  agreed  unto  and  appfwcd 
by  the  masters  and  wardens,  the  common  scale  is  to  Ic 
put."     NicholPs  History  of  the  Irommomseri  Comf«»y. 

pp.  398,  399- 

(86).  God  speede  him  wet/.-^SfK  fervently,  mig^< 
Canning,  and  all  other  aeentt  for  London  CompaBiK 
pray — for  these  pirates  had  determined  to  plav  of  > 
practical  joke  upon  them,  the  veiy  thoughts  01  vhiiii 


THE  LONDONERS  PLANTATION. 


441 


ts  as  nowe ;  they  are  in  five  or  six  severall  Companies,  soe  that  men  can  travel  no  way,  neare 
^oodes,  without  great  danger,  except  they  goe  a  good  Companie  together,  and  well  provided, 
ast  day  of  Aprill,  Mr.  Nicholas  Elcock,  agent  for  the  Clothworkers,  was  taken  by  Revelin 
ill  (87)  and  his  companie ;  he  [Elcock]  had  two  men  with  him,  those  they  left  bound,  and 
.  have  killed  them  had  it  not  bin  to  deliver  a  letter  which  they  compelled  Mr.  Ellcock  to 
to  some  of  his  friends  ;  the  effect  was  that  if  their  pardons  were  not  procured  withen  14  daies, 
*  they  had  not  100//.  sterling  delivered  them  by  some  meanes  at  the  14  daies'  end,  they  would 
him  ;  soe,  they  took  him  into  the  woodes  and  kept  him  two  days  and  one  night,  traling  him 
place  to  place  -,  but  the  seconde  evening  (the  country  being  raised  after  them  and  divided 
I  wayes)  some  of  the  country  churles  [Irish  labourers  and  peasant  holders],  by  the  great 
less  of  God,  happened  in  a  thicke  obscure  place  in  the  woodes  where  Mr.  Ellcock  was  with  a 
of  the  kernes ;  the  rest  were  gone  abroad  for  more  pray  [prey],  att  the  sight  of  whom  [the 
js]  the  kernes  fledd ;  so  Mr.  Ellcock  escaped,  almost  past  hope,  blessed  be  God. 

'  Divers  robberies  and  some  murders  have  been  committed  neare  us  sithence  that  tyme,  and 
ire  nowe  growen  soe  bould  that  on  tuisdaye  last,  being  the  7th  of  this  month,  a  companie  of 
s,  about  6  of  the  clock  in  the  afternoone,  entered  into  an  Englishman's  house,  six  miles  on 
de  Derry,  upon  the  highway,  where  Mr.  Fowkes  did  ly  att  his  first  coming  into  this  country: 
grounded  the  man  of  the  house  verie  sore,  soe  that  he  will  verie  hardlie  skape  with  life,  and 
between  7  and  8//.  in  money,  and  all  the  rest  of  his  goods  that  were  worth  carrying  away ; 
)me  that  brought  the  first  tydings  of  it  hither  reported  that  four  or  five  of  the  villains  most 
y  ill-treated  his  wife. 

'Theise  mischeifes  and  miseries  causeth  us  to  stand  continuallie  upon  our  guard,  and  when 
avell  we  take  good  strength  with  us ;  wherefore  might  it  please  you,  when  you  send  those 
ialls  I  wTOte  for  in  my  last,  alsoe  to  send  over  some  more  armes,  as  musketts,  callivers, 
^r,  and  bullets  (the   last  callivers'  bullets  you  sent  were  all  too  big);   wherefore,  if  you 

to  send  two  paire  of  bullet  moulds,  and  lead  were  best,  soe  they  be  made  fitt  for  the 
;,  also  some  halberds  and  half  pikes.     When  the  second  floor  is  laid  on  your  castell,  I  hope 

be  a  secure  place  against  a  hundred  men,  if  we  be  anie  thing  well  provided  within.  For 
me  I  must  crave  your  pardons  for  my  abrupt  writing,  and  committ  you  all  to  the  protection  of 


hem  tremble, — they  had  determined  in  fact  to  lie 
;  for  any  vessels  suspected  of  carrying  money  from 
ty'  to  the  new  plantation  in  Ulster  !  Even  in  1610 
ates  were  on  the  watch  for  this  purpose,  and  in  the 
of  June  in  that  year  Chichester,  writing  to  Salisbury, 
s  him  that  **the  pirates  on  this  coast  are  so  many 
*  become  so  bold  that  now  they  are  come  into  this 
I,  and  have  lately  robbed  divers  barks,  both 
1  and  Scotch,  aud  have  killal  some  that  have 
esistance  ;  they  lay  for  the  Londoners'  money  sent 
works  at  Coleraine,  but  missed  it ;  they  have  bred 

terror  to  all  passengers,  and  he  thinks  will  not 
fie  King's  treasure  if  they  may  light  upon  it.  .  . 
i   they  had  a  commission  for  the  adjudging,  and 

F   2 


executing  of  pirates  and  priests  here,  who  vex  and  disturb 
the  kingdom  more  than  can  be  understood  by  others  but 
them  that  feel  it." 

(87).  McCull, — This  name  is  intended  probably  for 
some  guerilla  leader  named  Randal  McColl,  but  whether 
he  was  an  O'Cahan  or  a  Macdomiell,  we  cannot  determine. 
There  were  intermarriages  between  these  two  septs,  and 
the  children  of  such  unions  always  bore  the  christian 
names,  plentifully,  dfboth  parties.  The  son  of  aCumaighe, 
or  Coey  O'Cahan  had  married  a  sister  of  Sir  Rand.1l 
Macdonneli ;  and  this  Randal  McCull  may  have  as 
probably  been  a  Randal  McCoey  O'Cahan  as  a  Randal 
McColI  Macdonneli. 


442  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

our  Lord  and  Saviour  Jesus  Christe,  resting  ever  att  your  worship's  command. 

George  Cannince." 

Having  thus  first  made  known  the  state  of  affairs  on  his  return,  with  an  urgent  request  to  be 
better  supplied  with  that  commodity  so  indispensable  to  settlers  in  Ulster,  to  wit,  muskets,  calivers, 
half  pikes,  powder,  and  bullet-moulds,  Canning  writes  soon  afterwards  in  a  less  excited  state  (for 
no  doubt  the  poor  native  churls  were  his  friends  and  protectors),  and  giving  some  very  interesting 
particulars  as  to  the  progress  of  the  infant  settlements  in  Aghadowey,  and  other  neighbouring 
districts.  The  following  letter  is  without  date,  but  it  must  have  been  written  ver)-  soon  after  his 
arrival  on  the  nth  of  May,  1615  : — "  May  it  please  you  to  understand  that,  after  a  long  stay  at 
Chester  for  passage,  I  arrived  att  the  Derry  upon  the  Xlth  of  Maye,  and  from  thence  to  your 
proportion,  where  I  found  all  things  in  the  same  state  I  left  them,  not  anie  thing  affected  by 
Mr.  Heyward  concerning  the  materials  for  building,  to  which  he  hath  tyed  himself  by  articles ;  his 
reason  and  excuse  was  the  extremitie  of  the  Winter,  the  like  hath  not  here  been  knowne  in  the 
mcmorie  of  man,  the  waters  so  extreme  with  the  abundance  of  snowe  that  it  was  impossible  to  pass 
anything  upon  the  Ban  (88),  besides  their  cattell  being  brought  into  such  povertie  that  they  are 
yet  hardly  restored'  to  do  any  service ;  this  excuse  must  be  favourably  construed,  because  I  see 
that  Mr.  Warner,  who  hath  been  here  all  winter,  could  not  possiblie  till  yesterday  gett  a  boatful!  of 
lymestone  to  the  place  of  the  Mercers'  building,  having  the  last  sommer  provided  the  most  paxte 
of  their  stone  in  place,  and  agreed  with  masons  for  the  work,  who  came  from  Derry  to  sett  upon  it 
in  the  beginning  of  this  month,  and  were  forced  to  return  back  and  doe  nothing,  so  their  woik  is 
not  yet  begun.  He  hath  agreed  with  Mr.  Benson  for  the  stone  work  4s.  2d.  the  pearche  for  their 
rastell.  I  think  it  not  unfitt  to  follow  the  same  course,  for  Mr.  Benson  is  best  able  to  peiibnne  it 
of  all  the  men  in  theise  partes,  having  by  reason  of  the  buildings  and  fortifications  att  the  Deny 
most  of  the  workmen  in  the  North  of  Ireland  at  his  disposal! ;  and  I  can  heare  yet  of  no  other  that 
doth  anie  work  more  reasonable,  nor  performe  better  than  he  hath  done.  Here  are  nowe  some 
brickes  making  not  farr  from  our  place  of  building  [Agivey],  crosse  the  Ban  (89),  if  theypiwt 
good  (which  most  men  doubte),  then  it  will  doe  well  after  the  stone  walls  are  raised  to  the  first 
floorc,  to  fmish  it  upp  with  bricke ;  a  thin  wall  will  then  be  sufficient,  but  in  all  men's  judgment 
the  bottom  must  needs  be  stone. 

'*  Since  my  comingc  I  have  busied  myself  for  the  most  parte  in  seeking  for  your  rent,  some 
l)cing  lost  by  reason  of  this  late  rebellion,  some  of  your  tenants  being  taynted  with  it,  but  it  [the 
rent]  is  to  no  great  value ;  and  also  in  settling  the  landes  upon  the  tenants  for  another  half  year, 
which  I  fmd  vcric  hard  to  doe,  so  many  of  their  cattell  being  dead  with  famine  in  the  snove  that 
they  are  not  able  to  stock  their  landes,  so  of  force  give  some  of  them  upp,  yet  I  have  made  shifte 
to  sett  all  except  some  six  townes,  which  I  hope  will  not  lye  waste  neither. 

(88).   6)^/1  M^  Ban. — This  frost  and    snow-storm,  from  Agivey,  must  haTe  been  at  or  near  a  plsoe  obb 

although  so  severe,  does  not  appear  to  have  attracted  celebrated  in  Irish  annals,  and  known  as  OriMrl  CfB, 

f^encral  attention  at  the  time,  as,  so  far  as  we  are  aware,  about  a  mile  and  a  half  westwmrd  from  Ballymonej.   Sff 

there  arc  no  other  accounts  of  it  on  record.  Hill's  HUt^rkal  Account  0/  ike  MudtmmkiSt  pp^  4^ 

(89).   Crosse /A^  Ban. — The  brick-kiln,  across  the  Bann  422. 


THE  LONDONERS  PLANTATION.  443 

"  Letters  have  latelie  come  from  his  Ma'^*-  for  the  speedy  performance  of  the  plantation,  a 
coppie  whereof  I  have  sent  to  your  worships  herein  closed,  desiring  to  be  speedily  advised  from 
you  how  to  proceed  in  the  Letting  of  your  landes ;  if  you  confer  [compare]  this  letter  with  the 
articles  of  the  plantation  to  which  it  hath  reference,  you  the  belter  decree  [direct  me].  Here  are 
some  Englishe  and  Scottishe  which  are  willing  to  deale  with  me  for  some  of  your  townelands,  but 
none  will  take  under  3 1  yeares,  and  hardlie  any  of  the  Englishe  come  to  the  rentes  they  are  nowe 
att  [in  occupation  of  the  natives],  if  they  build  at  their  owne  charge.  The  Scotts  are  willing  to 
give  better  rents  than  the  English,  but  I  doubte  if  they  ^^^ll  performe  so  good  building ;  here  is 
much  catching  after  tenants  that  I  think  it  not  fitt  to  put  anie  away  that  will  condiscend  to 
indifferent  [impartial]  conditions  and  covenants.  I  am  sure  the  Mercers*  lands  are  some  sett  at  a 
lower  rent  than  they  were  at  the  last  yeare,  and  no  estate'  under  3 1  yeares.  I  think  there  is  some 
XX  townes  sett  since  I  went  into  England,  and  they  are  desirous  to  sett  more  after  the  same 
[lower]  rates.  If  the  natives  doe  departe  off  from  the  Cittie  lands,  the  prices  will  doubtlesse  fall. 
I  desire  to  be  fullie  instructed  uppon  what  conditions  and  covenants  I  may  safelie  sett  parte  of 
your  lands  to  the  natives ;  some  of  them  have  promised  me  privatlie  that  they  will  confonne 
themselves,  but  they  are  verie  fearful  of  their  owne  countrymen  yet,  till  theire  troubles  are  fullie 
past  over. 

"  I  am  enformed  by  some  here  that  the  V3  parte  of  the  land  appointed  for  glibe  lands  at  our 
Ladie  church  in  the  ballabett  [ballybetagh]  of  Athgeve  [Agivey]  was  mistaken  by  Mr.  Alderman 
Smythees,  for  it  being  Abbey  lands  there  ought  to  be  no  glibe  taken  of  it ;  I  do  not  heare  of 
the  same  Abbey  lands  that  doth  allow  anie  in  other  proportions ;  I  pray  you  understande  the 
truth  of  it  from  him,  in  tyme  it  may  be-  better  helped  than  hereafter.  I  desire  also  to  knowe 
how  manie  Balleboes  you  are  pleased  to  appoint  for  the  Demeasnes  of  your  Castell,  and  which 
they  are,  that  I  may  the  better  proceed  to  the  Letting  of  the  residue  as  occasion  shalle  afford.  I 
think  the  whole  Ballebow  [ballybetagh]  of  Athgeave  [Agivey]  contayneth  6  town  lands  (glibe  and 
all),  to  be  the  fittest  to  belong  to  the  Castell ;  or  if  you  please  to  lay  any  more  lands  to  it,  that  if 
hereafter  you  please  to  have  a  market  towne  uppon  your  proportion  it  may  happelie  [haply]  .be 
thought  to  be  neare  the  place,  for  it  will  be  more  convenient  (having  to  ferry  there)  (90),  for  the 
lands  on  the  other  side  of  the  Ban,  and  not  much  unfitt  for  the  rest  of  your  owne  lands. 

"  The  dangers  of  these  troubles  have  hindered  the  setting  of  land  much,  and  must  be  more 
on  some  other  proportions  than  ours.  There  are  yet  divers  out  in  rebellion  in  the  woodes,  and 
some  tymes  light  uppon  passengers  and  robb  them  and  sometymes  light  into  the  houses  and  doe 
manie  villanyes ;  the  last  weeke  they  toke  an  Irishman  as  he  was  keeping  cattell  in  the  woodes 
uppon  the  Mercers*  proportion,  and  hanged  him  with  a  withe  in  a  tree,  and  *tis  thought  for  no  other 
cause  but  that  Mr.  [  ]  being  an  Irishman,  had  conformed  himself  and  gone  to  our  church. 

Manie  outrages  are  dayly  put  in  practise,  which  makes  those  that  have  businesse  abroad  in  the 
country  to  be  verie  circumspecte  for  the  Robers,  which  are  yet  out,  have  given  out  speeches  that 

(90).  Ferry  there. — This  feny  has  been  long  since  superseded  by  a  wooden  bridge. 


444  '^^E    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

if  tliey  would  take  anie  Englishe  of  accompt  they  would  have  their  [own]  pardons  or  hang  them; 
this  causes  every  man  to  provide  soe  for  his  own  safetie  that  it  draws  a  greater  charge  to  them  than 
other^vise  were  needed,  and  I  feare  that  my  expences  will  exceed  your  good  liking ;  wherefore,  I 
desire  you  all  in  your  worship's  favour  that  you  would  be  pleased  to  appoint  me  weekly  or 
monthely  allowance  to  your  owti  contente,  for  I  proteste  I  hadd  rather  beare  parte  of  my  chai]ps 
myself  than  to  deliver  up  an  accompt  of  expenses  which  should  be  in  anie  way  displeasing  to  you. 

**  As  soon  as  I  have  gott  our  materialls  in  some  good  forwardness,  which  I  hope  will  be 
shortlie,  then  I  will  wTite  to  your  worships  for  a  supplie  of  more  money  by  Mr.  I^^ate's  appointment, 
as  he  did  offer,  for  here  will  be  want  of  money  as  soon  as  the  work  goes  forwarde.  All  the  money 
here  will  hardlie  satisfy  Mr.  Hey^varde ;  and  beseech  you  not  to  let  me  want  wherewith  to  satisfy 
the  workmen ;  I  will  not  charge  you  with  more  than  shall  be  needful.  So,  being  loath  to  be 
tedious  for  this  tyme,  I  humbly  take  my  leave  and  rest  at  your  worship's  service."  See  NichoUs 
Account  of  the  Company  of  Ironmongers^  Appendix.  "  George  CANNiycE." 

The  foregoing  extracts  may  be  taken  as  truly  descriptive  of  the  other  Companies*  affairs  also 
at  the  period  referred  to,  and  as  affording  glimpses  at  least  of  the  difficulties  to  which  they  were  all 
equally  exposed.  These  difficulties  continued  in  a  greater  or  less  degree  until  after  the  revolution- 
ary struggle  of  1690,  when  the  last  hope  of  the  native  Irish  to  regain  their  lands  appears  to  have 
been  all  but  extinguished.  But  the  neglects  and  misdeeds  of  the  Londoners  themselves  during  the 
first  twenty  years  of  their  career  as  planters  in  Northern  Ulster,  will  not  be  fully  understood  until 
the  publication  of  a  collection  known  as  Phillips's  Manuscript^  which  was  lefl  by  that  indefatig;d)le 
knight,  and  into  which  he  had  gathered  everything  worthy  of  record  in  connection  with  the 
Londoners'  plantation,  down  nearly  to  the  date  of  his  own  death,  or  about  the  year  163a  He 
prefaced  his  collection  by  a  letter  to  Charles  I.,  which  letter  was  printed  by  Harris  in  his 
Hibetmica,  1 747,  and  contains  an  abstract  of  the  contents  of  his  book^  as  he  is  pleased  to  designate 
the  manuscript.  No  one,  certainly,  was  so  competent  as  Sir  Thomas  Phillips  to  conduct  the 
controversy  on  behalf  of  the  King,  and  as  against  the  Irish  Society,  for  he  knew  everything  connected 
with  the  original  compact,  and  was  personally  acquainted  with  the  condition  of  their  several  settl^ 
mcnts  from  the  Bann  to  the  Foyle. 


[445] 


Chapter   IX. — Pynnar's  Survey. 


IHUS,  then,  was  the  plantation  made  ;  and  the  six  counties  comprising  about  3,798,000 
statute  acres,  were  distributed  among  English  and  Scottish  undertakers,  servitors,  citizens 
of  London,  protestant  bishops  and  incumbents,  corporate  towns,  forts,  free  schools,  and 
the  college  at  Dublin  (i).  Of  the  vast  quantity  of  land  thus  disposed  of,  about  55,000 
acres  were  handed  over  to  Irish  inhabitants  of  various  ranks,  the  reversion,  however,  in  nearly  all  the 
larger  grants  to  the  latter  being  retained  by  the  CrowTi,  which  had  thus  soon  the  re-disposal  of  such 
estates  at  the  deaths  of  their  Irish  owners.  On  Chichester's  return  to  Dublin,  after  his  removal  of 
the  natives  to  make  way  for  British  settlers  during  the  autumn  of  16 10,  he  appears  to  have  had 
some  time  for  reflection.  As  he  thought  over  the  scenes  he  had  then  recently  witnessed,  and. 
called  to  mind  the  specimens  of  that  class  of  British  undertakers  whom  he  had  there  an  opportunity 
of  meeting,  and  for  whose  introduction  so  many  awful  sacrifices  had  been  made,  his  musings  evidently 
became  somewhat  melancholy.  When  writing — at  least  some  of  his  reflections — to  Salisbury,  on 
the  27th  September,  he  declined,  as  he  said,  to  give  him  "a  true  and  ample  discourse  of  their 
[the  commissioners']  travels,  actions,  and  observations,"  but  forwarded  "  some  particular  notes  and 
advertisements  of  his  own,  not  so  well  known  perhaps  to  the  rest,  nor  so  fit  to  be  imparted  in 
general  letters."  Among  these  'notes,' the  first  and  most  prominent  he  conveys  in  the  following 
terms : — "  He  [Chichester]  thinks  he  shall  not  live  to  see  the  plantation  performed  according  to 
the  project  laid  down,  of  which  opinion  he  was  when  he  first  beheld  it  [the  project]  and  began  to 
be  informed  of  the  quality  and  condition  of  the  undertakers ;  and  would  gladly  have  stayed  his 
journey  thither  [into  Ulster]  this  summer,  had  he  not  doubted  the  same  would  have  displeased  his 
Majesty ;  for  how  well  soever  he  wished  to  the  business,  he  never  thought  it  a  work  so  easy  and 


( I ) .  College  at  Dublin  — About  i  o,  000  acres  in  the  counties 
of  Armagh,  Donegal,  and  Fermanagh,  were  supposed  by 
the  public  of  that  day  (and  even  of  a  later  time),  to  have 
been  the  extent  of  the  lands  set  apart  in  Ulster  to  assist 
in  the  endowment  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin.  The 
plantation  authorities  must  have  known  better.  The 
Allowing  table  shows  the  real  extent  to  which  the  lands 
of  the  O'Neills,  O'Donnells,  and  Magiiires  were  appro- 
priatetl  for  the  purpose  now  mentioned  : — 


Denomination. 

County. 

Barony. 

Extent  in 

Statute  Acres, 

Ordnance 

Survey. 

A.       R.    P. 

>Iutmacrooney 
^irootaily 
Jerryhaw 
^allows  Hall 

Fermanagh 
Armagh 

ditto 

ditto 

Clankelly 
Armagh 

ditto 

ditto 

10583     2    15 
3249      2    16 
I918      I    10 
1270     0  20 

rlagravatt 
>undnim 
:olure 
ighanample 

ditto 
ditto 
ditto 
ditto 

ditto 
ditto 
ditto 
ditto 

1052      I      0 

10065      *       ' 

1745      2   39 

2730     0  29 

Extent  in 

Denomination. 

County. 

Barony. 

Statute  Acres, 

Ordnance 

Survey. 

A.      R.    P. 

Kilmacrenan 

Donegal 

Kilmacrenan 

28734     0  35 

Ballymacaward 

ditto 

Tirhugh 

605      I    19 

Rossinaullagh 

ditto 

ditto 

I3016     0  33 

Cowlowdown 

ditto 

ditto 

2906      I    13 

Killinaugh 

ditto 

ditto 

649     2     4 

Coolrimur 

ditto 

ditto 

383    3  14 

Brown  Hall 

ditto 

ditto 

4496      I    21 

Murvagh 

ditto 

ditto 

3227      I   39 

Drimany 

ditto 

ditto 

5215     0  37 

Drimgowan 

ditto 

ditto 

401 I    3    ^ 

Drimany(MillSite) 

ditto 

ditto 

Included  in 

Ditto 

ditto 

ditto 

No.  59. 

Rubble  Shinny    ) 
(Mill  Site)        \ 

ditto 

ditto 

5     I    » 

Ditto 

ditto 

ditto 

5    I    » 

See   Dublin    University  Commission  Report,   1853,   pp. 

274,  275. 


446 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


feasable  as  it  seems  it  was  conceaved.  For  to  plant  almost  five  whole  counties  [exclusiit  of 
Londonderry]  in  so  barren  and  remote  a  place,  with  new  comers,  is  not  a  work  for  such  undertaken 
as  those  that,  for  the  most  part,  are  come  unto  them."  The  deputy  thus  appears  to  have  made  up 
his  mind  for  disappointment,  believing  that  the  work  would  have  required  other  and  better  handiL 
Writing,  on  the  31st  of  October,  to  the  Earl  of  Northampton,  a  member  of  the  council,  Chichester 
does  not  appear  to  have  been  relieved  from  his  gloomy  forebodings.  "  Considering,"  says  he, 
"  the  greatness  and  difficulty  of  the  work,  and  the  condition  and  qualities  of  the  parties  that  ha« 
undertaken,  that  is,  such  as  have  yet  come  in  person,  he  conceives  these  are  not  the  men  who 
must  perform  the  business;  for  to  displant  the  natives,  who  are  a  warlike  people,  out  of  the  greatest 
part  of  six  whole  cpunties,  is  not  a  work  for  private  men  who  seek  a  present  profit" 

In  a  second  letter  to  Salisbury  about  a  month  later,  the  deputy  speaks  more  plainly  his 
impressions  as  to  the  general  incompetency  or  unfitness  of  the  undertakers,  in  the  following  terms  :— 
**  Those  from  England  are,  for  the  most  part,  plain  country  gentlemen,  who  may  promise  much, 
but  give  small  assurance  or  hope  of  performing  what  appertains  to  a  work  of  such  moment  If 
they  have  money,  they  keep  it  close,  for  hitherto  they  have  disbursed  but  lit.Ie ;  and  if  he  maj 
judge  by  the  outward  appearance,  the  least  trouble  or  alteration  of  the  times  here  will  scare  most 
of  them  away.  It  is  said  by  themselves  that  since  the  Lords  [the  council  in  lA>n  k>:ij  denominated 
the  parties  at  first  that  were  to  be  undertakers,  some  have  exchanged  their  pruport  j.is,  and  odien 
sold  them  out-right ;  in  one  precinct  of  those  that  have  appeared  [arrived J,  two  a;c  churchmeB 
[parsons],  and  one  a  youth  of  some  18  or  19  years'  old,  whose  names  he  has  not.-x  in  ihe  scbednk 
sent  by  Sir  Oliver  Lambert.  The  Scottishmen  come  with  greater  port  [>.* 
accompanied  and  attended,  but  it  may  be  with  less  money  in  their  pursc:> , 
principal  of  them,  upon  their  first  entrance  into  their  precincts,  were  fonhw.i.. 
natives  to  supply  their  wants;  and  in  recompense  thereof  promise  to  get  licc...> 
that  they  [the  natives]  may  remain  upon  their  lands  as  tenants  unto  them  [the  S 
which  is  so  pleasing  to  that  people  [the  Irish  of  Ulster]  that  they  will  strai:. 
uttermost  to  gratify  them  [the  Scotch],  for  they  are  content  to  become  tenaii .. 
than  be  removed  from  the  place  of  their  birth  and  education,  hoping,  as  hj  c  '.. 
or  other,  to  find  an  opportunity  to  cut  their  landlord's  throats;  for  sure  i\ 
Scottish  deadly,  and  out  of  their  malice  towards  them  they  begin  to  affect  [li^ 
than  they  were  accustomed.  They  [the  natives]  sell  away  both  com  and  cat:, 
demanded  why  they  do  so,  their  answer  is  that  they  know  not  what  else  to  1.; 
what  place  to  carry  them,  the  portion  of  land  assigned  to  each  of  them  bcin^ 
and  feed  them  [the  cattle].  They  seek  by  all  means  to  arm  themselves,  a. . 
some  pieces  [muskets]  in  store ;  and  more  pikes,  and  thereof  can  make  m  >. 
and  lead  are  scarce  with  them.  Will  do  his  best  to  prevent  their  revolt,  ba: 
they  are  infinitely  discontented." 

But  the  gloomy  aspect  of  affairs,  thus  depicted  by  the  deputy,  was  no: 
or  enlivened  when  the  several  companies  of  undertenants  and  settlers 
appearance   in   Ulster.      If  the   stuff  of  which  the  undertaker-class  was 


2V 


j.  and  better 
some  of  the 
iind  widi  die 
.1  his  MijeAy 
-inJertakeis]; 

:.-AvcS  to  dK 

.  man  ndier 
.  .It  one  tine 
hate  die 
lishbetiB 
jntheyaic 
jm,  nor  10 
.-  to  receive 
iiJoubtedlsf 
ijt  povder 
jbcsit,fo 

It  relieved 

ade  ikv 

had  tes 


'O 


i 


PYNNARS    SURVEY.  447 

appeared  in  some  important  respects  objectionable,  the  arrival  of  their  humbler  followers  was  not 
calculated  to  bring  much  alleviation  to  Chichester's  disquietude.  It  would  appear  that  the 
characters  and  habits  which  these  colonists  brought  with  them,  whether  across  the  North  Channel 
or  the  Irish  Sea,  were  not  generally  calculated  to  recommend  them  as  desirable  settlers.  The  fact, 
however,  that  they  were  free  from  all  troublesome  scruples  in  entering  into  other  men's  lands  and 
labours,  and  of  stoutly  defending  themselves  therein,  was  likely,  under  the  circumstances,  to  atone 
for  many  delinquencies.  There  exists,  curiously  enough,  a  description  of  these  Ulster  settlers, 
written  by  the  Rev.  Andrew  Stewart,  a  presbyterian  minister  at  Donaghadee  from  1645  ^^ 
167 1,  himself  indeed  the  son  of  a  settler,  and  not  likely,  therefore,  to  depict  them  in  darker 
colours  than  truth  positively  required.  "  From  Scotland  came  many,"  says  he,  "and  from  England 
not  a  few  ;  yet  all  of  them  generally  the  scum  of  both  nations,  who  for  debt,  or  breaking  and  fleeing 
from  justice,  or  seeking  shelter,  came  hither  ;  hoping  to  be  without  fear  of  man's  justice  in  a  land 
where  there  was  nothing,  or  but  little,  as  yet,  of  the  fear  of  God.  And,  in  a  few  years,  there  flocked 
such  a  multitude  of  people  from  Scotland,  that  these  northern  counties  of  Down,  Antrim,  Ix)ndon- 
derry,  &c.,  were  in  a  good  measure  planted ;  yet  most  of  the  people,  as  I  said  before,  made  up  of 
a  body  (and  it  is  strange)  of  different  names,  nations,  dialects,  temper,  breeding ;  and  in  a  word, 
all  void  of  godliness,  who  seemed  rather  to  flee  from  God  in  this  enterprise  than  to  follow  their 
own  mercy ;  yet,  God  followed  them  when  they  fled  from  him — albeit  at  first  it  must  be 
remembered  that  they  cared  little  for  any  church." 

Under  these  circumstances  it  could  not  be  expected  that  the  work  of  plantation  would  prosper, 
at  least  for  a  time.  Chichester  did  not  condescend  to  criticise  the  conduct  of  the  common  people, 
but  his  complaints  to  the  authorities  in  London  about  the  apathy  and  greed  of  undertakers  so 
alarmed  the  King  that  he  forthwith  appointed  Sir  George  Carew  and  others  as  commissioners  to 
visit  Ulster,  and  report  what  progress,  if  any,  had  been  made  in  the  plantation.  This  visitation 
took  place  in  the  autumn  of  161 1,  or  a  year  after  the  undertakers  had  received  possession  of  their 
several  proportions.  It  was  found  that  whilst  a  few  had  gone  earnestly  to  work,  many  simply 
deigned  a  glance  at  their  lands,  and  several  had  not  taken  the  trouble,  either  personally  or  by 
agents,  to  do  even  so  much  as  this  !  Of  those  who  made  some  progress,  it  was  found  that 
English  undertakers  had  occupied  themselves  principally  in  building,  whilst  their  Scottish 
neighbours  devoted  their  energies  to  the  work  of  raising  crops  from  their  newly  acquired  lands. 
The  workers  were  encouraged  by  the  commissioners ;  the  idlers  or  absentees  were  threatened  with 
forfeiture ;  and  several  of  the  latter  class  then  sold  out  their  interests  in  the  lands,  thus  giving 
place  to  more  energetic  planters  than  they  were  likely  ever  to  become.  The  movement  thus 
gained  a  little  life,  but  mainly  from  the  presence  and  assistance  of  the  natives,  who  were  willing  ta 
become  hewers  of  wood  and  drawers  of  waters  rather  than  be  removed  from  their  native  districts  (2). 

(2).  Native  districts. — With  reference  to  this  removal  Scottish  undertakers.       This   violation   of  the   original 

question,  it  may  be  stated  once  for  all  that  the  Government  'Orders  and  Conditions*  when  taken  in  connection  with 

:ould  not  carry  it  out,  simply  because  the  settlers  could  not  some  others,  enabled  Charles  I.  to  confiscate  their  plan- 

iispense  with  their  services.     The  Ulster  landlords  gene-  tations,  which  would  have  been  done  in  the  year  1626, 

^lly  were  found,  at  the  commencement  of  the  following  had  they  not  promptly  agreed   to  surrender   their  first 

eign,  to  have  systematically  violated  the  law  requiring  the  patents,  and  accept  others  on  such  conditions  as  the  King 

cmoval  of  natives  from  all  estates  owned  by  English  or  was  pleased  to  impose.     These  conditions  required  firom 


448 


THE    PLANTATION   IN   ULSTER. 


In  the  years   1612  and   161 3,  the  planters  appear  to  have  made  some  little  progress,  but 


the  landlords  double  the  orijjinal  rent,  and  a  fine  of  £yi 
for  every  thousand  acres,  but  permitted  them  to  let  out 
the  fourth  part  of  each  proportion  to  native  tenants  ! 
**  Whereas,  says  the  King,  "humble  suit  has  been  made 
unto  us  [Charles  I.,  in  1625],  onbehalfof  the  undertakers 
of  our  province  of  Ulster,  that  we  should  be  pleased  to 
grant  and  confirm  unto  them,  their  heirs  and  assigns,  all 
such  castles,  manors,  lands,  and  tenements,  as  they,  or 
any  of  them,  do  hold,  or  pretend  to  hold  by  letters  patent, 
made  to  them  or  others  from  whom  they  do  severally 
claim  within  the  said  province,  for  which  our  gracious 
favour  they  do  offer  to  double  unto  us  such  rents  as  were 
formerly  reserved  in  those  patents,  whereby  our  revenue 
will  be  much  increased  ;  although  we  have  justly  here- 
tofore taken  offence  at  the  slackness  of  some  of  them  in 
accomplishing  their  contracts  made  with  our  late  dear 
father,  of  blessed  memory,  upon  the  passing  of  their 
patents,  and  that  in  justice  we  might  resume  into  our 
nands  great  quantities  of  those  lands  as  forfeited  imto  us  by 
breach  of  conditions  ;  yet,  calling  to  remembrance  that  our 
dear  father,  in  his  own  royal  person,  took  particular  pains 
in  the  framing  of  that  plantation,  and  made  it  the  work 
of  his  own  hands  ;  and  finding  that  many  of  our  under- 
takers have  well  performed,  as  well  in  building  as  in 
planting,  towards  whom  we  do  not  hold  it  fit  to  use 
severity  for  the  errors  of  others  ;  and  being  hopeful  that 
the  residue  will,  by  our  abundant  clemency  herem,  be  led 
to  a  more  zealous  and  speedy  execution  of  what  they 
were  boimd  to  effect  by  the  articles  of  that  plantation; 
therefore,  upon  serious  consideration  of  their  present 
condition,  who  have  bestowed  themselves  and  their 
substance  for  our  service  [a  fatal  royal  mistake]  in  those 
remote  parts  of  our  dominions,  and  by  advice  of  our 
Privy  Council,  and  of  such  as  well  know  the  affairs  of 
that  our  kingdom,  we  have  resolved  to  be  gracious  imto 
them. 

"And,  first,  we  do  therefore  hereby  authorise  you  [the 
then  deputy,  Falkland],  that  upon  the  re-grant  to  be  made 
by  the  several  undertakers  unto  us  of  the  lands  mentioned 
in  their  former  letters  patent,  you  cause  several  grants, 
confirmations,  and  releases  by  letters  patent  to  be  made 
by  the  advice  of  some  of  our  learned  counsel  there,  of  all  the 
lands  hitherto  held  by  them,  and  lying  within  the  several 
counties  of  Cavan,  Tyrone,  Fermanagh,  Armagh,  and 
Don^al ;  yielding  unto  us  yearly,  for  and  out  of  the  lands 
so  to  be  granted,  double  the  several  rents  and  sums  of  money 
mentioned  to  be  reserved  in  and  by  their  former  letters 
patent  respectively,  at  the  Feasts  of  Michaelmas  and 
Easter  ;  and  also  that  every  of  the  undertakers  shall  pay 
a  fine  of  £y:i  current  money  of  and  in  England  to  the 
Receiver  General,  to  our  use,  for  every  thousand  acres, 
and  so  rateably  for  every  greater  or  lesser  portion  of  the 
lands,  before  the  letters  patent  shall  pass  our  great  seal ; 
and  that  upon  the  payment  of  the  fines,  the  grant  made 
by  our  dear  father  to  Etlward  Wray,  Esquire,  of  the 
penalty  imposed  upon  the  Irish  dwelling  upon  undertakers* 
lands  contrary  to  the  articles  of  the  plantation,  is  to  cease. 

"And  also,  our  pleasure  is,  that  a  quantity  of  land, 
not  exceeding  the  fourth  part  of  every  undertakers*  pro- 
portion, be  set  out  by  particular  names  and  meares,  and  so 
inserted  in  their  patents,  with  licence  to  the  patentee  to  let 
or  set  to  any  of  the  Irish  for  term  of  21  years,  or  three  lives, 


yielding  such  rents,  duties,  and  service  as  the  undertaken 
and  their  heirs  shall  think  fit ;  and  that  the  Irish  dull 
build  and  dwell  in  villages  and  townrecds  together,  and  not 
dispersed  ly  in  the  plains,  and  not  in  woods,  nor  opos 
inaccessible  mountams,  and  wear  their  apparel  aiter  the 
manner  use<l  by  the  English,  bring  up  their  chiMren  with 
religious  schoolmasters,  and  permit  them  to  lean  the 
English  language  :  and  that  all  the  Irish  be  removed  fron 
the  other  three  parts  of  the  undertakers*  land  before  the 
1st  day  of  May,  1628,  and  not  suffered  directly  or  indireair, 
by  pasture,  agistment,  or  otherwise,  to  occupy  any  put  of 
the  three  parts,  but  the  fourth  part  only ;  and  tint  a 
clause  be  inserted  in  the  new  patents  that  it  ihall  be 
lawful  for  us,  or  our  successors,  to  seize  into  our  hands 
any  of  the  three  parts  which  shall  be  found  to  be  inhabited 
or  occupied  by  Irish,  contrary  to  our  intention ;  and  that 
the  lands  and  profits  thereof  be  taken  and  disposed  to  ov 
use,  until  the  owner  thereof  shall  give  good  security; 
and  for  the  better  securing  our  double  rent,  the  under- 
takers shall  covenant  in  their  new  letters  patent,  that 
they  have  done  no  act  to  hinder  us  from  the  having  and 
enjoying  the  double  rent ;  and  if  any  of  the  undertaken 
shall  either  obstinately  or  carelessly  neglect  to  take  the 
benefit  of  this  our  gracious  favour,  within  six  months  after 
the  date  of  these  our  letters,  and  to  pay  after  the  rate  of 
double  rent  and  fine  as  aforesaid,  that  then  they  mfty  he 
afterwards  debarred  our  favour  hereby  graciously  intended 
unto  them  ;  that  you  give  direction  to  our  learned  coauKl 
there  to  proceed  lefi;suly  with  expedition  for  our  best  ad- 
vantage, a^nst  such  of  the  undertakers  as  shall  neglect 
to  pass  their  patent,  as  aforesaid.  July  8,  i6a6i**  See 
Morrin's  Calendar ^  reign  of  Charles  I.,  pp.  ilS-sa** 

Thus,  according  to  the  foregoing  mandate,  althoogh  the 
Irish  could  be  legally  admitt^  to  occupy  a  fourth  part  of 
every  proportion  ownedbya  British  undertaker  in  any  of  the 
five  counties  above  named,  the  new  airangemcat  «as 
made  solely  in  the  interests  and  for  the  convenicBoe 
of  the  landlords  or  undertakers,  and  as  distinctly  againa 
the  interests  and  convenience  of  the  native  tenants^    For 
after  the  fourth  part  of  each  proportion  or  estate  (wppowd 
by  the  English  or  Scottish  landlord,  and  his  Engbih  or 
Scottish  agent,  to  be  most  suitable  for  the  occupatioa  of 
the  Irish)  had  been  set  apart,  the  native  tenams  woe 
collected  from  the  places  they  had  already  been  per- 
mitted   to  settle,   to  be    huddled   into   comers  mheie 
there  were  few  or  no  natural  advantages  of  soil  or  poatn 
But  this  law,  also  so  cruel  and  unjust,  was  also  very  gcM- 
rally  winked  at  or  defied.     The  King,  in  imposing  sach 
an  arrangement,  must  have  been  pretty  certain  that  it 
could  not  or  would  not  be  carried  out  generally,  and  that, 
therefore,  he  might  expect  to  be  soon  able  to  poll  up  the 
undertakers  once  more,  as  he  actually  did,  to  realise 
another  gain  in  the  days  of  Wentworth.     It  was  fonnd 
then,  in  fact,  as  we  shall  afterwards  see,  that  this  alTaag^ 
ment  had  not  been  carried  out  in  1629,  nor  later ;  bai 
that,  on  the  contrary,  many  more  natives  were  adnit'ied 
as  tenants  than  could  be  accommodated  on  only  the  fouth 
part  of  each  proportion,  and  simply  from  two  canses,  thai 
British  settlers  could  not  be  caii^t  in  sufficient  bib* 
bers,  and  that  Irish  tenants  would  readily  pay  owch 
higher  rents  than  the  others. 


PYNNARS    SURVEY.  449 

during  the  two  following  years  they  were  kept  in  a  state  of  trembling  and  panic,  from  an  instinctive 
impression,  perhaps  rather  than  any  definite  knowledge,  that  there  existed  a  wide-spread  conspiracy 
among  the  natives.  Such  conspiracy,  however,  did  actually  exist,  and  although  discovered  before 
it  could  be  sufficiently  matured,  the  excitement  in  Ulster  produced  a  weakening  effect  on  the  new 
settlements.  When  the  agitation  subsided,  on  the  seizure  and  execution  of  the  leading  conspirators 
in  the  summer  of  1615,  the  King  sent  Sir  Josias  Bodley  to  look  after  and  report  on  the  state  of 
affairs  in  Ulster.  Bodley  made  a  most  unfavourable  report,  which  appears  to  have  produced  a 
very  irritating  effect  on  the  King,  who  forthwith  ordered  his  deputy  to  have  another  investigation 
made,  and  therein  to  spare  no  undertakers,  English  or  Scottish,  who  might  be  found  to  have 
neglected  their  plantation  duties.  The  consequent  investigation,  in  16 16,  caused  a  greater  degree 
of  energy  and  activity  among  the  planters.  Buildings  that  had  been  commenced,  but  left  in  an 
unsightly,  because  unfinished  state,  were  then  completed,  and  several  undertakers  compelled 
through  fear  of  forfeiture,  to  bring  the  required  number  of  British  families  to  settle  on  their  lands. 
It  thus  came  to  pass  that  C^tain  Pynnar,  who  made  his  Survey  in  161 8  and  16 19,  was  really  able 
to  report  some  progress,  though  not  nearly  so  much  as  might  have  been  expected  from  the  very 
liberal  terms  on  which  the  planters  had  received  their  lands. 

The  following  is  the  mandate  to  the  Irish  deputy  for  Pjmnar's  appointment  as  the  principal 
member  of  a  commissipn  to  investigate  and  report  on  the  progress  made  by  Ulster  undertakers  of 
lands : — 

"  These  are  to  pray  and  require  you  forthwith,  upon  sight  hereof,  to  cause  to  issue  forth  under 
the  great  seal  of  this  kingdom,  a  commission  directed  to  the  persons  under-named,  authorizing 
them,  or  any  two  or  more  of  them,  whereof  Captain  Nicholas  Pynnar  to  be  always  one,  to  enquire 
by  all  good  ways  and  means  by  their  own  view,  or  by  oath  or  deposition  of  witnesses,  or  by 
impannelling  juries  of  good  and  lawful  men  of  and  in  the  several  counties  of  Tyrone,  Donnegal, 
Armagh,  Cavan,  Fermanagh,  and  Londonderry,  of  and  upon  the  several  points,  instructions,  and 
articles  contained  in  a  schedule  hereunto  annexed,  concerning  the  performance 'of  such  things  as 
are  to  be  done  by  the  several  undertakers,  servitors,  and  natives  of  and  in  the  several  counties  in 
the  plantation  of  the  lands  granted  unto  them  by  his  Majesty's  letters  patents.  And,  further 
authorizing  them,  or  any  two  or  more  of  them  aforesaid,  to  minister  and  take  the  oath  of  his 
Majesty's  supremacy,  according  to  the  statute  of  the  second  of  Elizabeth,  of  all  the  undertakers 
and  their  freeholders,  lessees,  and  undertenants,  in  the  several  counties  above  specified,  and 
inserting  therein  such  other  clauses  as  in  like  commissions  are  or  have  been  usual ;  and  the  said 
commission  to  be  returnable  with  all  convenient  speed.  For  doing  whereof  this  shall  be  your 
lordship's  warrant.     Given  at  his  Majesty's  castle  of  Dublin,  the  27th  day  of  November,  1618. 

Hen.  Holcroft. 

"  First,  whether  every  undertaker  of  a  small  proportion,  consisting  of  1,000  acres,  within  the 

several  counties  of  Tyrone,  Donnegal,  Armagh,  Cavan,  Fermanagh,  and  Londonderry,  and  every 

of  them,  have  built  a  strong  bawne  or  court,  upon  the  proportions  granted  to  them  by  letters 

patents,  or  how  much  thereof  he  hath  built,  and  generally  in  what  forwardness  the  same  is. 
G  2 


450  THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

Whether  every  undertaker  of  middle  proportions,  consisting  of  1,500  acres,  within  the 
above-named  counties,  have  built  a  house  of  stone  or  brick,  with  a  bawne  upon  the  same,  or  in 
what  forwardness  the  same  is. 

Whether  every  undertaker  of  a  great  proportion,  consisting  of  2,000  acres,  within  the  said 
counties,  have  built  a  castle  or  stone  house  thereupon,  with  a  bawne  about  it ;  or  what  and  how  much 
building  is  done  upon  each  proportion  in  nature  as  aforesaid ;  and  what  proportion  or  proportioDS 
within  the  said  several  counties,  are  not  built  upon  according  to  the  articles  of  plantation,  or  the 
bonds  of  the  several  undertakers  respectively. 

Whether  every  undertaker  of  1,000  acres,  within  the  said  counties,  hath  planted  upon  his 
proportion  ten  British  families,  containing  twenty-four  men  at  the  least,  of  eighteen  years  of  age  or 
upwards ;  or  how  many  of  such  families  there  be  planted;  and  what  number  of  British  undertaken; 
and  whether  according  to  the  rules  of  plantation,  he  have  two  fee-farmers,  three  lessees,  and  fbnr 
husbandmen  or  cottagers ;  and  whether  he  hath  made  estates  unto  the  said  tenants,  according  to 
the  articles  of  plantation,  and  according  to  his  bonds,  of  the  quantities  of  land  mentioned  therein. 

Whether  every  undertaker  of  a  middle  proportion,  or  a  great  proportion,  within  the 
counties,  have  in  like  manner  planted  British  families,  consisting  of  numbers  of  men  as 
and^made  estates  rateably  according  to  the  quantities  of  their  proportions,  as  b  directed  by  the 
same  articles  of  plantation,  and  as  the  several  undertakers  are  bound  to  do. 

How  many  such  families  every  British  undertaker  within  the  several  said  counties  hath,  and 
what  estates  he  hath  made  unto  them,  and  whether  he  hath  made  any  estates  or  demises  of  any 
land  contained  in  his  patent  to  any  person  or  persons,  being  mere  Irish,  or  that  hath  not,  or  wiD 
not  take  the  oath  of  supremacy,  according  to  the  proviso  in  his  letters  patents  expressed ;  and 
what  natives  of  any  of  the  said  counties  do  now  dwell  or  inhabit  upon  any  of  the  said  land 

Whether  every  undertaker  hath  convenient  store  of  arms  upon  bis  proportion,  accoiding  to 
his  covenant  and  bond.  What  undertakers,  by  themselves  or  their  sufficient  agent,  are  resident 
upon  their  proportions,  and  whether  they  have  made  their  residence  according  to  their  coveoanL 
Whether  the  several  persons  in  the  said  several  counties  by  grant,  as  servitors,  have  petfonned 
their  several  buildings  in  their  several  proportions,  according  to  their  several  patents  and  boods^ 
and  according  to  the  articles  of  plantation,  and  how  far  they  have  proceeded  in  their  said  buildings. 

Whether  the  tenants  and  inhabitants,  as  well  upon  the  proportions  granted  to  the  British 
undertakers,  as  to  servitors  and  natives  in  the  said  several  counties,  have  built  their  houses 
together  and  in  towns  towards  their  better  defence  and  safety,  according  to  the  articles  of 
plantation,  and  what  tenants  of  any  the  said  lands  do  dwell  dispersedly,  contrary  to  the  intent  of 
said  articles. 

Whether  the  several  natives,  planted  by  grant  in  the  said  several  counties^  have  abo 
performed  the  buildings  upon  the  lands  granted  unto  them,  according  to  their  bond,  and  the 
articles  of  plantation. 

Whether  the  said  natives  have  made  certain  estates  for  lives  or  years  to  underteiiint%  of  or 
upon  the  lands  granted  to  them  as  aforesaid,  according  to  the  articles  of  plantation. 


J 


f 


PYNNARS    SURVEY.  45 1 

Whether  the  said  natives  in  the  said  several  counties  have  used,  or  caused  their  tenants  to 
use,  tillage  and  husbandry,  after  the  manner  of  the  English  pale,  according  to  the  articles  of 
plantation. 

What  arms  and  munition  each  undertaker  is  tied  by  tenure  to  have  in  readiness  for  his 
own  defence  and  the  service  of  the  Crown. 

Every  undertaker  of  500  acres  of  escheated  lands  is  tied  to  have  in  readiness  in  his  house  upon 
the  said  land,  for  his  own  defence  and  the  King's  service,  3  muskets  and  calivers,  3  hand-weapons, 
to  furnish  six  men. 

Every  undertaker  of  1,000  acres  is  to  have  in  readiness  6  muskets  and  calivers,  6  hand- 
weapons,  to  arm  twelve  men. 

Every  undertaker  of  2,000  is  to  have  in  readiness  1 2  muskets  and  calivers,  1 2  hand-weapons, 
to  arm  24  men. 

And  every  undertaker  of  890  acres  is  to  have  in  readiness  5  muskets  and  calivers,  5  hand- 
weapons,  to  arm  10  men." 

After  a  very  lengthened  and  laborious  investigation,  Pynnar  and  his  fellow-commissioners 
drew  up  the  following  report,  the  text  of  which  was  printed  in  Harris's  Hibemica^  i77o>  pp. 
139-241  :— 

**  A  brief  View  and  Survey  made  at  several  times,  and  several  Places,  in  the  several  Counties 
within  named,  between  the  first  day  of  December ^  161 8,  and  the  28th  day  of  March,  16 19,  by  me, 
Nicholas  Pynnar,  Esq.,  and  others,  by  virtue  of  his  Majesty's  Commissioners,  under  the  great 
Seal  of  Ireland  to  me  and  others  directed,  dated  the  28th  of  November,  1-618  :  Wherein  are 
set  forth  the  Names  of  the  several  Brittish  Undertakers,  Servitors,  and  principal  Natives,  with 
their  proportions,  and  the  Undertakers  of  Towns  in  the  several  Counties  of  Armagh,  Tyrone, 
Donegall,  Cavan,  and  Fermanagh  ;  and  how  they  have  performed  their  Buildings,  and  Plantations 
of  Inhabitants ;  and  other  particular  Matters  answerable  to  certain  Articles  to  the  said  Commission 
annexed ;  together  with  the  Works  and  Plantation  performed  by  the  City  of  London  in  the  City 
and  County  of  London-Derry  :  All  which  I  do  certify  as  upon  my  own  View  and  Examination — 
the  Particulars  whereof  do  hereafter  follow. 

County  of  Cavan. 
The  Precinct  of  Clanchie  [now  Clonkee],  allotted  to  Scottish  Undertakers. 

I. 

The  Lord  Aubignie  (3),  was  the  first  Patentee ;  3,000  acres.     Sir  James  Hamilton  Kt,  (4), 

(3).  Lord  Aubtgnu. — In  the  autumn  of  161 1,   Carew  and  inhabiting  of  that  precinct,  and  is  gone  thither  wiih 

reported  of  the  undertakers  in  this  precinct  as  follows  : —  intent  to  provide  materials,  and  it  is  said  that  Downebarr, 

"The  Lord  Obigny,  3,000  acres  in  the  county  of  Cavan;  Bayley,  and  Ralston  are  themselves  arrived  in  the  north, 

appeared  not,  nor  any  for  him  ;  nothing  done,  the  natives  and  gone  to  their  portions.     Likewise,    one   Mr.   John 

still   remaining.     William  Downebarr,  William  Baylye,  Hamilton  arrived,  and  presented  himself  as  agent  for  Sir 

and  John  Rolleston  [Ralston],   1,000  acres  apiece  ;  the  Claud  Hamilton,  undertaker  of  1,000  acres  in  the  county 

like.     Since  our  return  from  the  north,  one  Mr.  Thomas  of  Cavan,  who  informed  us  that  he  brought  with  him 

Chreaghton  arrived  here  and  presented  himself  as  agent  people  to  plan|,  and  is  gone  thither  with  resolution  to 

of  the  Lord   Obigny,  and  William  Downebarr,  William  provide  materials  to  go  in  hand  with  buildings  upon  that 

Bayley,    and   John   Ralston,    who   informed   us  that  he  proportion." 

brought   with   him  sundry  artificers  and  tenants,   with  (4).  Sir  yarnts  Hamilton, — ^The  original  patentee  did 

cattle,  horses,  and  household  provision,  for  the  planting  not  long  retain  these  proportions,  as  it  appears  by  inquisi- 


452 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


holdeth  these  lands  by  the  names  called  Keneth  2,000  acres,  and  Casheil  alias  Castle 
1,000  acres.  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  built  a  very  large  strong  Castle  of  Lyme  and  Stooe, 
called  Castle  Aubignicy  with  the  King's  Arms  cut  in  Freestone  over  the  Gate.  This  castle  is  fiit 
stories  high,  with  four  round  Towers  for  Flankers ;  the  body  of  the  Castle  50  feet  long,  and  il 
feet  broad  ;  the  Roof  is  set  up  and  ready  to  be  slated  (5).  There  is  adjoining  to  the  one  End  of 
the  Castle  a  Bawne  of  Lyme  and  Stone  80  feet  square,  with  two  Flankers  15  feet  high.  Thi$i$ 
strongly  built  and  surely  wrought.  In  this  Castle  himself  dwelleth,  and  keepeth  house  with  his 
Lady  and  Family.  It  standeth  upon  a  Meeting  of  five  beaten  ways,  which  keeps  all  that  part  of 
the  Countr)'. 

I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  birth  and  descent. 

Freeholders  8,  viz., 

1  having  480  acres. 

2  having  144  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  192  acres  jointly. 

1  having  108  acres. 

2  having  120  acres  le  piece  (6). 

Lease-holders  for  3  lives,  3,  viz.,  Total,  41  Families,  which  do  con- 

I  liaving  120  acres.  sist  of  80  men  at  Arms. 

I  having  96  acres.  Thirty-six  of  the  Heads  of  these 

I  having  48  acres  (7).  Families  have  now  taken  the  Oath 


lion  tliat  he  sold  them  to  Sir  James  Hamilton,  on  the 
30th  of  July,  161 1. 

(5).  To  be  slated, — This  mansion,  with  its  adjoining 
l>awn,  is  referred  to  in  an  inquisition  as  follows  : — "Since 
the  date  of  the  said  graunte  there  hath  been  builte  upon 
the  pole  of  lande  called  Lisdromskagh,  a  lairge  bawne  of 
lyme  and  stone,  the  walls  being  four  feete  thick  and  14 
foote  in  height ;  and  there  is  built  a  faire  and  strong  castle 
of  lyme  and  stone.  There  is  a  town  planted  of  18  English- 
like  houses,  and  the  castle  and  towne  is  nowe  [1629] 
called  and  knowne  by  the  name  of  Perse-Courte."  (/«- 
quisUions  of  Ulster^  Cavan,  (19)  Car.  I).  From  Pynnar's 
statement  alx)ve,  it  would  appear  that  Sir  James  Hamilton 
must  have  resided  in  the  county  of  Cavan  during  at  least 
a  part  uf  the  year,  although  his  principal  and  generally- 
occupieti  residence  was  Killileagh  castle,  in  the  county  of 
Down. 

(6).  I^  piece, — The  inquisition  of  1629,  already  quoted, 
has  the  following  account  of  these  grants  to  freeholders, 
which,  however,  differs  from  Pynnars  statement  as  to  the 
numlx.'r  of  this  class  of  tenants  : — "The  said  Esme  lord 
Aubigney,  together  with  the  said  Viscount  Claneboyes, 
by  their  deed  of  feoffment  bearing  date  the  2nd  December, 
in  the  14th  yeare  of  the  said  late  raigne  [1616],  at  Kin- 
ncigh,  did  graunte  unto  Richard  IlaSsor^  £sq*i  suid  his 
heirs,  the  townesand  landes  following,  viz.,  Dromhillogh, 
l)eing  one  pole  of  lande  ;  Mullan,  one  pole  ;  Corleck,  one 
pole  ;  Moyegh,  one  pole  ;  Liscloghos,  one  pole  ;  Drom- 
ncveale,  Harnagno,  Killdery,  Kesskame,  ana  Dromconra, 
each  one  pole  ;  with  their  appurtenances  to  hoold  forever. 


The  said  Viscount  Claneboyes,  at  the  same  date,  gnnld 
to  John  Kennedie  and  his  heirs  forever,  the  three  poOi  of 
lande  following,  viz.,  Kappagfa,  Cashell«  and  Lupboye.' 
Subsequently  to  the  date  of  PVnnar's  Smrvey^  ochen  «cr 
made  freeholders,  but  they  had  enjoyed  this  poaui 
before  being  formaUy  admitted  thereto.  Thii%  Sir  Jsbb 
Hamilton,  "by  his  indenture  bemrinff  date  the  hM  dif  tf 
Tune,  1 62 1,  did  enfeoffe  unto  %Am  UamtUivmt  £*tn  ^ 
his  heirs,  the  ^  of  the  pole  oi  land  called  KnockBdortj. 
and  K  of  the  pole  called  lUlogfaan,  the  said  Juki 
Hamilton  beiof  tnen  in  peaceable  possesdoa  thcivaC  to 
hould  to  him,  his  heirs  and  ass^ns  forever."  Sir  Hoff 
Perse  having  got  possession  of  £is  estate,  from  Sir  Jiao 
Hamilton,  in  1629,  did,  on  the  9th  of  April  in  that  yen. 
enfeoffe  unto  Rickard  Ughierfite^  his  hein  and  aNfH 
forever,  the  pole  of  land  called  Lisnadamgfa  ;  andoaibe 
1st  of  April,  1627,  enfeoffed  unto  Edmumd  Sn^§ri^ 
two  poles  of  land,  called  Kinnaigh  and  Corraddy. 

(7).  48  acres, — The  follovring  are  the  names  of  kiK- 
holders  for  three  lives  formally  obtaining  leases  after  tk 
date  of  Pynnar's  Survey^  but  enjoying  virtmdiy  tlwi  priii- 
lege  no  doubt  firom  the  time  of  their  original  settlemoK  m 
the  property : — **  Edward  Bailie^  to  whom  was  dcaM, 
on  the  2nd  of  April,  1627,  the  poll  of  land  called  Cflrii^ 
ticarroll,  and  the  half  poll  called  Taberinan,  Ibr  !■ 
natural  life,  and  the  life  of  Jennett.  his  wife,  and  \i 
Bailie,  his  son;  Jl^kn  ffamiuwH^  to  whom         ' 

on  the  19th  of  April,  1627,  the  pole  called  \ 

for  his  natural  liK,  and  the  life  of  JenncCt,  his 
Nicholas,  his  son;  Jfkn  Ltck^  itt  AprO,  1617,  ikrpok 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


453 


of  Supremacy  (8). 

I  find  upon  these  Lands  good 
tillage  and  Husbandry  according  to 
the  English  manner. 


Lease-holders  for  five  years,  viz., 

1  having  102  acres. 

2  having  96  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  168  acres. 
I  having  100  acres. 

Cottagers,  25. 
Each  man  a  tenement,  a  small  (juantity  of  Land,  and 
Commons  for  a  certain  number  of  Cattle. 

IL     1,000  Acres. 

John  Hamilton^  Esq.,  hath  a  1,000  acres  called  Kilcloghan  (9).  Upon  this  Proportion 
there  is  built  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone  80  feet  square,  and  13  feet  high,  with  two  round 
Towers  for  Flankers,  being  1 2  feet  le  piece  in  the  diameter.  There  is  also  begun  a  Stone  House, 
which  is  now  one  storie  high,  and  is  intended  to  be  four  stories  high,  being  48  feet  long,  and  24 


called  Lisneclea,  for  his  natural  life,  and  the  Hfc  of  his 
wife,  Jennett,  and  of  his  son,  James  Ix>ch  ;  IVilliam  Price^ 
on  the  loth  of  April,  1627,  the  pole  called  Corvillie- 
mahie,  during  his  natural  life,  and  the  life  of  Ellen,  his 
wife,  and  Anthony  Price,  his  son  ;  on  the  same  day  to 
George  Steele^  the  pole  called  Comclyon,  for  his  natural 
life,  and  the  life  of  Eliza,  his  wife,  and  Mary,  his  daughter; 
Xo  James  Stcivart^  on  the  I5lh  of  April,  1627,  the  pole 
called  Corbeagh,  or  Corveagh,  for  his  natural  life,  and 
the  life  of  Ann,  his  wife,  and  Mary,  his  daughter.  See 
Inquisitions  of  Ulster ^  Cavan,  (19)  Car.  I. 

(8).   Of  Supremacy. — Although  so  many  of  the  settlers 
on  this  property  are  here  stated  by  Pynnar  to  have  duly 
tjdcen  this  oath,  it  is  incredible  that  so  many  among;  the 
undertaker  class  had  neglected  to  do  so.     We  are  told  by 
the  inquisition  of  1629  that  ''neither  the  said  Sir  Tames 
Hamilton,   Richard  Hadsor,  or  the  other  persons  before 
mentioned,  by  the  space  of  one  yere  and  more  after  the 
several!  graunts,   did  take  the  oath  of  Supremacy  ;  and 
see  the  said  Esme  lord  Aubigney  and  Sir  James  Hamilton 
the  provisoes  and  conditions  [of  the  grant]  did  breake, 
whereby  the  premises  did  escheate  to  the  late  King  James, 
his  heirs  and  successors."     Sir  Henry  Perse,  for  a  time 
the  principal  owner,  and  Sir  William  Parsons,  who  was 
a   trustee  on  the  estate,   neglecte<l  this  oath   also,  and 
consequently  had  compromised  their  claims.     (See  also 
(38)  Car.  I.)   In  the  year  1626,  the  undertakers  generally, 
fearing  that  in  consequence  of  their  having  neglected  this 
and  other  conditions,  their  lands  might  be  confiscated, 
joined  in  a  petition  to  Charles  I.  for  re-grants,  offering  to 
pay,   in  each  case,  a  fine  of  30/.   for  every  1,000  acres, 
according  to  the  survey,  and  so  rateably  for  every  greater 
or  lesser  proportion  of  the  lands  (see  note  2).     To  this  the 
King  acceded,  and,  for  the  further  encouragement  of  under- 
takers, stipulated  in  the  new  patents  that  three  parts  of 
each  proportion  only  should  Ik:  occupied  by  British  ten- 
ants, whilst  if  it  so  pleased  them,   they  might  settle  the 
fourth  part  with  Irish.     (See  Morrin's  Calendar,  Car.  I., 
pp.  100,  118).     In  accordance  with  this  arrangement,  a 
grant  in  July,  1629,  was  made  to  Sir  Henry  Pierse,  knight 


and  baronet,  and  his  heirs  and  assigns  forever,  of  the 
manors  of  Kinnegh  and  Cashell,  and  other  lands  in  the 
barony  of  Clanchy  and  county  of  Cavan,  containing  3,000 
acres,  and  the  advowson  of  the  vicarage  of  Drandone  ;  to 
be  held  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  free  and  common 
socage.  The  premises  are  created  into  a  manor,  to  be 
called  the  manor  of  Pierscourt,  with  power  to  create 
tenures,  hold  courts  baron  and  leet,  free  warren,  and 
licence  to  impark  900  acres  ;  pursuant  to  the  conditions 
of  the  plantation.  July  4,  5**  [1629].  Morrin's  C/i/if/i//«'', 
Car.  I.,  p.  476. 

(9).  KUclogJian. — See  p.  309.  This  proportion  was 
originally  granted  to  John  Ralston,  on  the  29th  of  August, 
1610,  and  on  the  nth  of  June,  1613,  Ralston  sold  the 
lands  with  their  appurtenances  to  John  Hamilton,  Esq., 
and  his  heirs  and  assigns  forever.  **The  said  John 
Hamilton,  within  one  yeare  before  the  said  alienation, 
did  not  take  the  oathe  of  supremacy,  whereby  the  said 
manor  [of  Kilcloghan],  proportion  and  lands  unto  the 
King  did  escheate  and  come  ;"  but  on  the  loth  of  Dec., 
161 3,  by  way  of  placing  himself  safely  in  law,  Hamilton 
surrendered  his  whole  right  and  title  into  the  hands  of  the 
King,  receiving  a  re-grant  on  the  i8th  of  the  same  month, 
of  all  the  **said  manor  and  proportion,  polls  and  parcells 
of  lande,  together  with  one-hau  of  the  pole  of  Drombenys, 
upon  the  same  provisoe  and  conditions,  as  by  the  first 
letters  patent  mentioned."  "There  is  a  halfe  pole  of 
land  called  Comewhoe  al'  Comewhoan,  that  doth  lie 
within  the  next  adjoining  unto  the  said  proportion,  and 
halfe  of  the  said  halfe  pole  hath  been,  since  the  time  of 
the  said  grant  unto  John  Hamilton,  occupied  and  pos- 
sessed by  him,  whereunto  his  Majesty  was  justly  intitled, 
by  the  grand  ofEce  taken  within  the  county  of  Cavan  in 
the  7th  year  of  his  raigne  [1609] ;  and  notwithstanding, 
the  rentes  and  profits  thereof  have  been  deteaned  and 
withheld.  The  said  half  pole  is  not  put  in  charge  uppon 
account,  with  the  auditor  of  the  said  county,  but  hath 
been  held  and  reputed  as  a  concealment. "  See  Inquisitions 
of  Ulster,  Cavan,  (18)  Car.  I. 


454 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


feet  broad;  besides  two  Towers,  which  be  vaulted,  and  do  flank  the  House.  There  is  also  another 
Bawne  near  adjoining  to  the  former  Bawne,  which  is  built  of  Stone  and  Clay,  being  loo  to 
square,  and  1 2  feet  high  ;  and  in  the  Bawne  there  are  begun  two  Houses  of  Stone  and  Clay,  the 
one  to  be  80  feet  long,  the  other  60,  and  each  to  be  20  feet  in  breadth  (10).  There  is  also  a 
village  consisting  of  8  houses  joining  to  the  Bawne,  being  all  inhabited  with  Brittish  Tenanti 
Also  a  Water-Mill  and  five  Houses  adjoining  to  it  (11). 

I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  land,  of  Brittish  birth  and  descent. 


Freeholders  2  (12),  viz., 
2  having  1 20  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  (13)  for  years,  6,  viz., 
6  having  48  acres  le  piece. 

Cottagers,  7. 
Each  of  these  has  a  House  and  Garden  plott,  and  Com- 
mons for  four  Cows. 


In  total,  15  Families,  which  con- 
sist of  40  Men  armed. 

These  15  principal  tenants  \ck\t 
all  taken  the  Oath  of  SuiHemacy(i4)L 

Here  is  good  Tillage  and  Hus- 
bandry after  the  manner  of  the  Eng- 
lish. 


(10).  In  breadth, — In  1629,  the  inquisition  last  quoted 
makes  mention  of  these  buildings  in  the  following  terms  : 
— **The  said  John  Hamilton  Imth,  since  the  said  grant, 
erected  upon  the  pole  of  lande  called  Correnerye  al'  Hans- 
borrowe,  a  bawne  of  lyme  and  stone,  and  within  the  same 
a  castle  or  tower  of  lyme  and  stone  of  20  foote  square, 
and  also  one  other  buildinge  of  lyme  and  stone,  adjoining 
unto  the  same,  of  40  foote  long  and  20  broade  within  the 
walls."  It  is  curious  here  to  observe  the  great  discrepan- 
cies between  the  statement  in  Pynnar's  Survey  and  that  of 
the  inquisition  taken  ten  years  later.  Pynnar  evidently 
has  told  what  was  intended  by  Hamilton  in  the  matter  of 
buildings  ;  and  we  learn  from  the  inquisition  that  his  in- 
tentions were  very  far  from  being  carried  out — at  least 
during  the  subsequent  ten  years. 

(11).  Adjoining  to  it, — This  bawn,  with  the  water-mill 
and  five  houses,  originally  constituted  Ilansborrow,  in  the 
parcel  of  land  known  as  Corronery,  The  inquisition  of 
1629  adds  : — "  There  is  one  weekly  markett  kepte  within 
the  said  towne,  uppon  the  Satturdaie,  and  2  fairs  yerelye, 
uppon  the  6th  of  May  and  26th  of  Octol)er.  It  will  he 
more  felt  and  convenient  to  have  the  latter  kept  on  the 
I  ith  of  November,  there  not  being  any  fayer  kept  on  that 
day  within  ten  myles  of  the  towne." 

(12).  Freeholders,  2. — These  freeholders  were — as  we 
are  told  by  the  inquisition — ^*  David  Barber,  a  fee-farmer 
of  6  score  acres,  to  him  and  his  heirs;  and  David  M*CuI- 
logh,  a  fee-farmer  of  6  score  acres,  to  him  and  his  heirs." 
These  fee-farmers  are  stated  by  the  inquisition  to  have 
been  *  made*  by  the  said  John  Hamilton  ;  so  that  the 
original  patentee,  John  Ralston,  had  done  nothing  by 
way  of  planting  his  proix)rtion. 

(13).  Lessees. — These  lessees  for  lives  and  years  were — 
Alex,  Davy  son,  who  on  the  2nd  of  Dec,  16 18,  got  a  lease 
of  the  pole  of  land  called  Glasdromen,  for  the  term  of  his 
own  life  and  that  of  his  wife  Jennett ;  Alex,  Anderson, 
who,  on  the  i6th  of  April,  1619,  got  a  lease,  for  21  years, 


of  three-fourths  of  the  pole  called  Knocknckstj ;  Jhb 
Wyllie,  who,  on  the  15th  of  April,  1627,  got  a  lene,  for 
21  years,  of  the  pole  ddled  KiUnecrewe  ;  y^nMm^rwatt 
a  lease  dated  May  i,  1618,  for  21  years,  ot  the  pole caDd 
Ralaghan  ;  John  and  Patrick  Fenlay^  a  lease  lor  7  !fc*i% 
from  the  12th  of  May,  1620^  of  the  pole  called  Tll^f- 
lurkan ;  Robert  Taillor,  the  pole  of  Latsiboolgiidiii,  nr 
the  term  of  his  natural  life,  from  the  9th  of  Apnl,  1619; 
John  Deanes,  the  pole  of  Rouskie,  for  a  tenn  of  7  yca^ 
from  the  1st  of  May,  1620 ;  and  Oliver  Uimey,  the  \ 
pottles  of  the  pole  of  Cran,  for  a  term  of  5  yeaiSi  frcn 
the  1st  of  April,  1621.  Hamilton  also  let  laads  to  tbc 
following  natives^  as  yearly  tenants,  holding  qoutiDa 
varying  respectively  from  a  gallon  to  a  pole  of  hod,  viLi 
Coll  McOwen  more  McCleiy,  Cohonoc^  [Cnconigte] 
McComen,  Tirlagh  McShane  O'Reilly,  ManiisMcGiBia, 
Philip  O'Halton  and  Hugh  O'Reilly,  Tiriagh  McEdmood 
Oge  O'Reilly,  Coll  and  Ferralf  O'Linshic,  Tnlif^ 
OXinshie,  Owen  McHugh  O'ReiUy,  PhUip  McGn«a. 
and  Gilleice  Oge  O'ReUl^. 

(14).  Supremacy, — Thu  statement  appears  to  befladf 
contradicted  by  the  inquisition  already  quoted,  wkkh 
states  that  "  neither  the  said  Alexander  Davisoo,  Jcnaeit 
his  wife,  Alexander  Henderson,  nor  the  said  several  other 
persons  before-mentioned  did  take  the  oath  of  snpieflttc|, 
and  soe  the  said  John  Hamilton  the  proYisoe  and  ooofr 
tion  [on  this  point]  did  breake,  wherepy  the  said  miBor 
and  lands  unto  the  said  late  King  James,  his  beirs  aad 
successors,  did  escheate  and  come."  \lnfmuiiimu  ^ 
Ulster,  Cavan,  (18)  Car.  L)  John  Hamilton,  «oooriiil 
to  the  conditions  of  1626^  obtamed  a  re-giant  to  hia  nd 
his  heirs  forever,  of  the  small  proportion  of  Kildog^ 
in  the  barony  or  precinct  of  Cluichie.  Thoe  lands  «CR 
erected  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  CcnMiT 
ctlias  Hannesborough  ;  with  power  to  create  Icnnc^  10 
hold  court  leet,  court  baron,  free  warren,  park,  and  chai^ 
pursuant  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation,  July,  H^  f 
[1629].    See  Morrin's  CWbi^kr,  p.  478. 


PYNNAR  S    SURVEY. 


455 


III.     1,000  Acres. 

William  Hamilton,  Esq.,  holdeth  1,000  acres  called  Dromuck  (15).  Upon  this  Proportion  there 
is  a  Bawne  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  being  80  feet  square,  with  two  round  Towers  for  Flankers,  and 
two  stories  high,  vaulted,  the  wall  itself  being  13  feet  high.  Within  the  Bawne  there  is  a  House 
of  Lyme  and  Stone  36  feet  long,  20  feet  broad,  and  near  to  this  Bawne  there  is  a  village  consist- 
ing of  five  houses,  being  all  Brittish  Families. 

I  find  planted  and  estated,  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Birth  and  Descent, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  three  Lives,  2,  viz., 
I  having  42  acres. 
I  having  54  acres.  Total,  14  Families,  consisting  of 

Lessees  for  years,  4,  viz.,  30  able  men  to  serve  the  King. 

I  having  128  acres.  There  are   12   of  the  Heads  of 

I  having  84  acres.  these  Families  have  taken  the  Oath 


(15).  Dromuck. — William  Hamilton,  the  owner  of 
these  lands,  resided  at  Ballymeaghan,  in  the  county  of 
Down.  At  his  death  he  was  succeeded  by  his  son  and 
heir,  James  Hamilton,  a  boy  ten  years  of  age.  (See  Inquisi- 
tions 0/ Ulster,  Cavan,  (52) Car.  I.)  This  \Vm.  Hamilton, 
styled  of  Ballymeaghan  (now  Ballymachan,  near  Belfast), 
was  the  fifth  son  of  the  Rev.  Hans  Hamilton,  the  first 
protestant  minister,  after  the  Reformation,  in  the  parish 
of  Dunlop,  Ayrshire.  He  was  brought  into  Ulster  by  his 
eldest  brother.  Sir  James  Hamilton,  Viscount  Clannaboy, 
**by  whom,"  says  the  author  of  the  Hamilton  Manu- 
scripts, **he  was  educated  into  the  management  of  his 
country  affairs,  of  setting  his  lands,  receiving  his  rents, 
and  proved  therein  very  effectual  and  active,  to  the  very 
good  acceptance  both  of  my  lord  and  his  tenants ;  and 
also  purchased  for  himself  a  very  competent  estate  in 
several  places  in  the  county  of  Down,  partly  of  my  lord, 
and  partly  of  other  places  adjacent  to  his  estate,  wherein 
he  lived  plentifully,  and  in  very  good  respect  with  all. 
.  .  .  He  married  Jane  Melville,  daughter  to  Sir  John 
Melville,  in  Isle-le-Kail  [Lecale],  and  had  children  by 
her,  James,  John,  Hans,  William,  and  Ursula.  He  was 
a  prudent,  industrious,  and  pious  man,  very  useful  in  the 
country,  and  to  my  Lord  Claneboy  ;  he  died  at  middle 
age,  but  had  little  satisfaction  in  his  wife,  but  was  very 
patient  towards  her  ;  was  creditably  buried,  and  with 
great  lamentation,  at  Hollywood,  having  left  his  wife  and 
children  a  very  competent  estate."  (See  Hamilton  AlSS.y 
edited  by  T.  K.  Lowr}',  pp.  12,  45).  This  William 
Hamilton  was  nominated  the  first  provost  of  Killileagh, 
in  the  county  of  Down.  P'rom  the  terms  of  the  following 
letter  from  his  brother.  Sir  James  Hamilton,  dated  July 
9,  1619,  it  would  appear  that  the  latter  had  made  a 
contract  with  a  Dublin  grain  merchant  to  supply  him  from 
his  estate  in  Cavan,  through  the  agency  of  his  brother 
William,  and  that  the  transaction  did  not  result  satisfac- 
torily:—  "William,  I  have  written  lately  to  you  by 
Patrick  Shawe,  but  in  good  trueth  not  so  much  as   I 


thinke.  I  will  write  no  more  than  that  if  there  be  not  a 
greater  care  had,  things  will  fall  out  that  you  and  I  both 
will  be  sorry  for  it  ;  it  being  strange  that  of  about  fourteen 
hundredth  pounds  ster.,  and  more,  all  payable  before,  or 
at  this  May  day,  besides  sundry  casualties  not  accounted, 
I  have  not  hitherto  received  one  penny.  Mr.  Ormsby 
hath  called  to  me  eagerly  for  his  money  here,  and  hath 
told  me  that  Harry  Corragh,  is  not  only  likely  to  fall  into 
decay,  and  to  be  disabled  from  paying  anything,  but  doth 
also  seeke  to  lay  reproaches  on  me  of  a  bad  bargain,  by 
reason  of  your  not  keeping  of  condicions.  What  your 
condicions  were  by  my  throthe  I  do  not  knowe,  but  they 
seem  not  to  be  the  same  to  me  at  Dublin  as  you  wrot  to 
me  of  at  Clanchie  [in  Cavan] ;  for  you  wrot  to  me  that 
the  barrel  of  oats  was  sold  to  him  for  ,  and  I 

understood  at  Dublin  that  the  same  was  to  be  but  , 

I  bearing  the  freight  and  all  other  charges  ;  so  as  in  effect 
the  same  came  not  but  to  halfe  a  crowne  the  barrel.  Get 
your  money  from  him  the  best  you  may,  for  it  is  like 
otherwise  you  will  have  ill  getting  it,  and  then  my  graine 
is  brought  to  a  faire  market."  {Ibid,,  p.  12).  In  his 
will,  dated  October  24,  1627,  William  Hamilton  directs 
payment  of  his  debts  ;  appoints  for  his  wife  the  profits  of 
his  lands  of  Ballymechean  and  Newcastle,  and  half  the 
town  of  Ballysprage,  in  satisfaction  of  her  dower ;  four 
poles  of  Clanche  [in  the  proportion  of  Dromucke],  for  his 
son  John  ;  to  his  son  Hans,  a  moiety  of  Granshagb 
and  Bangor  lands  ;  to  his  son  William,  the  lands  called 
Milagh  in  Slut  McNeiles  [parish  of  Comber] ;  to  his 
daughter  Ursula,  200/.,  and  to  Alice,  150/.  ;  his  son 
William  is  to  hold  the  rectory  of  Rathmullin  until  Lord 
Claneboye  shall  pay  him  40/. ;  and  testator  bequeaths  his 
estate  in  Newcastle  to  his  lawful  son  James ;  and  after 
other  bequests,  he  appoints  his  wife  executrix,  and  Lord 
Claneboy  and  Archibald  Hamilton  overseers  of  his  will. 
(See  Morrin*s  Calendar,  Car.  I.,  p.  517).  This  William 
Hamilton  was  ancestor  of  Lord  Bangor,  in  the  peerage  of 
Ireland. 


456 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


of  Supremacy. 

I  find  upon  these  Lands  Tillage 
and  Husbandry  according  to  the 
English  manner. 


I  having  48  acres. 
I  having  36  acres. 

Cottagers  that  hold  for  years,  6,  viz., 
I  having  30  acres. 
I  having  20  acres. 
I  having  15  acres. 
I  having  12  acres. 
I  having  11  acres. 
I  having  10  acres. 

IV.     1,000  Acres. 

William  Bealie,  Esq,,  holdeth  1,000  acres  called  Tonregie,  Upon  this  Proportion  there 
is  a  Bawne  of  Lyme  and  Stone  90  feet  square,  with  two  Flankers;  and  in  one  of  the  Flanken 
there  is  a  Castle  in  building  which  is  above  the  first  storie ;  and  the  length  of  it  is  30  feet,  the 
breadth  22  feet,  being  vaulted  ;  there  is  another  House  at  one  of  the  Corners,  20  feet  square,  being 
but  one  storie  high.     In  this  himself,  with  his  Wife  and  Family,  are  now  dwelling  (16). 

I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Birth  and  Descent, 
Freeholders  (17),  2,  viz., 
I  having  144  acres. 

1  having  48  acres.  Total,  10  Families  (19X  consist- 

Leaseholders  (18),  for  years,  4,  viz.,  ing  of  28  armed  Men. 

2  having  96  acres  le  piece.  These  10  families  have  now  taken 
2  having  48  acres  le  piece.                                                           the  Oath  of  Supremacy  (20). 


(16).  Now  dwelling, — In  this  instance  it  is  evident  that 
the  undertaker  had  made  progress  in  the  matter  of  build- 
ing, in  the  interval  between  PyTinar's  report  and  the 
U^ing  of  an  inquisition  at  Castle  Aubigny,  on  the  loth 
of  April,  1629.  The  following  is  the  evidence  of  this 
fact  as  made  known  by  the  contents  of  the  inquisition  : — 
'*  Since  the  grauntc  of  the  said  premises,  there  is  built 
upon  the  pole  of  land  called  Kilcolhic  at  Bailiborrowe, 
by  the  said  William  Baillie  and  his  assigns,  one  bawne 
of  lyme  and  stone,  and  within  the  said  bawne  one  castell, 
or  fair  capitall  mansion-house,  built  likewise  of  stone, 
and  lyme.  The  houses  are  all  vaulted  belowc,  with  a 
stair-case  and  flankers  for  the  defence  of  the  same." 

(17).  Freeholders^  2, — By  the  inquisition  now  ouoted 
it  appears  that  these  freeholders  were  Edward  and  James 
Baillie.  The  following  is  the  reference  to  the  former : — 
**  Edward  Baillie  is  a  fee-farmer  of  2^  poles  of  land, 
viz.,  the  pole  of  Dromlume  and  >^  pole  commonlie  called 
by  the  name  of  Lisgar,  by  deed  of  infeoffment  thereof  to 
him  and  his  heirs  forever,  by  the  said  William  Baillie, 
bearinge  date  the  12th  of  November  in  1 6th  yeere  of  his 
late  Maii«  raigne  [1618] ;  and  the  pole  of  Dirrymore, 
with  the  appurtenances,  by  deed  of  feoffment  to  him  and 
his  heirs,  made  by  the  said  William  Baillie  bearinge  date 
the  9th  April  in  the  5th  yeere  of  his  said  late  Mati«s 
raigne  [1607],  and  tlie  said  Edward  is  yet  tenant  in  ]>os- 
session,  for  and  in  full  performance  of  the  plantation  of 
the  said  proportion,  accordinge  unto  the  articles  of  plan- 


tation of  the  province  of  Ulster.**    James  Baillie  hdd  die 
two  poles  of  Moltelagh  and  Lisnalsk  in  fee-fium. 

(18).  Leaseholders,— TYit  number  of  leaselioMefS  here 
mentioned  by  Pynnar  had  been  doubled  at  the  tiae 
of  taking  the  inquisition  in  1629.  Their  namo  vac 
John  Steivinson,  John  Baillie,  James  TcAt^  DUfU 
Barbour,  Gilbert  Cuthbertson,  John  Hamilton,  VTUIiaB 
Rae,  and  Walter  Miller.  These  leaseholden  gaKnOr 
held  for  the  term  of  21  years.  The  foUowine  nalim 
were  yearly  tenants  on  this  proportion  in  1019^  viIm 
Edmond  DuflfeO'Reillie,  MulmorvMcBrianO^Rcfflie^Cfla 
O'Relly,  Shane  McGil-Martin,  Owen  More  UcShut 
McClerie,  Eximond  McGurgan,  Bryan  O'ReiUie,  FancS 
McPhilip  O'ReUly,  and  Walter  Tweddy.  These  Ink 
tenants  generally  held  half  a  i)ole  each. 

(19).  Ten  families,— 'In  1029,  it  was  found  faj  inqna- 
tion  that  since  the  time  of  the  letters  patent  bcng  takv 
out  by  William  Baillie,  in  1610,  "  there  is  the  nomliRof 
15  English-like  houses  planted  and  inhabited  with  Biitiik 
families  within  the  premises." 

(20).  Supremacy, — ^The  inquisition  states  that  mane  of 
the  freeholders  nor  leaseholden  above  named  had  di^f 
taken  the  required  oath,  "and  so  the  said  WiUiamBnBie 
the  provisoe  and  condition  in  the  said  letten  patot  wf^ 
cified  did  breake,  whereby  the  said  proportiQD  of  TflO^ 
re^e,  unto  the  said  late  King  in  has  liKtime  and  takii 
heirs  and  successors  after  has  deoeaae^  did  CKhcaie  tti 
come."     To  remedy  this  neglects  it  was  necevujAiC 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


457 


Cottagers  for  years,  4,  viz.,  I  find  here  good  Tillage  after  the 

2  having  20  acres  jointly.  English  manner. 

I  having  5  acres. 
I  having  4  acres. 

The  Precinct  of  Castlerahin  (21),  allotted  to  Servitors  and  Natives.     (See  pp.  343-345). 

V.  1,000  Acres. 

Sir  William  Taaffe  was  the  first  Patentee  (see  p.  343).  Sir  Thomas  Ash^  Kt,^  holdeth 
1,000  acres  called  the  Muliagh,  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  an  old  Castle  new  mended ;  but  all 
the  land  is  now  inhabited  with  Irish  (22). 

VI.  1,000  Acres. 

Sir  Edmond  Phettiplace  (23)  was  the  first  Patentee.  Sir  Thomas  Ash  holdeth  this  Proportion 
called  Carvyn,  Upon  this  there  is  built  a  very  good  Bawne  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  being  70  feet 
square,  with  two  Flankers,  and  12  feet  high ;  but  all  the  Land  is  inhabited  with  Irish. 

VII.  500   Acres. 

Lietitenani  Garth  (24)  was  the  first  Patentee.  Sir  Thomas  Ash  holdeth  500  acres  called 
Murmode,  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Sodds;  but  all  the  land  is  inhabited 
with  Irish. 

VIII.  1,000  acres. 

Captain  Ridgewaie  (25)  was  the  first  Patentee.     Captain  Culme  (26)  holdeth   1,000  acres 


the  owner  should  pay  the  stipulated  fine  and  take  out  a 
new  grant,  which  he  did,  of  the  manor,  castle,  and 
lands  of  Kilkoshie  alias  Balliburrowe,  the  pole  of  Tone- 
regie,  and  other  lands  in  the  barony  of  Clanchie,  containing 
by  estimation  100  acres,  and  of  the  half  pole  of  Tully- 
bricke,  containing  30  acres ;  to  be  held  as  of  the  castle 
of  Dublin  in  free  and  common  socage.  The  premises  are 
created  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Baili- 
burrowe,  with  power  to  create  tenures,  and  hold  400 
acres  in  demesne,  court  baron,  court  leet,  liberty  of  free 
warren,  and  to  impark  300  acres  ;  pursuant  to  the  condi- 
tion of  the  plantation.  June,  22,5®  [1629].  See  Morrin's 
CaUndar,  Car.  I.,  p  476. 

(21).  Castlerahin. — See  pp.  342-345.  This  precinct, 
in  1 6 10,  must  have  had  few  natural  attractions  ;  and  any 
spots  of  good  soil  were  enjoyed  by  the  servitors,  to  the 
exclusion  of  native  freeholders.  Even  at  the  present  time, 
the  barony  of  Castlerahin  (excepting  the  lands  adjoining 
Lough  Ramor  and  surrounding  Virginia),  is  generally  bleak 
and  without  wood,  nearly  the  whole  surface  consisting  of 
low  hills,  marshes,  bogs,  and  flat  valleys. 

(22).  With  Irish. — In  161 1,  Carew  reported  that  "Sir 
William  Tathe  [Taaffe],  knight,  i,cxx)  acres  as  servitor  in 
B.  Castle  Rame  [Castlerahin],  has  taken  possession,  but 
nothing  done." 

(23).  Phettiplace. — Carew  reports  of  this  servitor  as 
follows:  —  **Sir  Edmond  Fetiplace,  1,000  acres,  has 
taken  possession,  done  nothing  else. " 

(24).  Lieuteftant  Garth. — See  p.  344.  Carew  reports 
of  this  officer  in  a  few  words,  thus : — **  Lieut.  Carth,  500 
H    2 


acres  as  servitor,  has  taken  possession,  but  done  nothing 
else." 

(25).  Captain  Ridgnifoie. — Seep.  343.  In  161 1,  this 
first  patentee  had  made  some  progress.  Carew  reports  as 
follows  : — "Captain  John  Ridge  way,  1,000  acres.  120 
great  oaks  have  been  brought  from  Fermanagh,  30  miles 
from  him,  and  more  ready  framed,  being  280  garons 
loads  from  Bealturbert ;  has  made  a  watercourse  for  a 
mill  in  a  stony  and  rocky  ground,  which  cost  him  25/.,  as 
he  says.  Has  agreed  for  500  barrels  of  lime  in  Meath,  to 
be  brought  him  upon  demand.  Has  removed  five  Irish 
houses  near  his  castle,  and  built  two  other  Irish  houses  in 
the  Great  Island  [on  Lough  Ramor].  Has  an  English 
millwright,  smith,  and  farrier,  with  their  wives  and 
families,  and  necessary  tools ;  and  an  English  and  Irish 
house  carpenter,  with  their  wives  and  families  ;  two  or 
three  other  families  of  several  trades  ;  and  has  contracted 
at  Bealturbert  for  a  boat  for  use  at  Lough  Rawre"  [now 
Ramor]. 

(26).  Captain  Culme. — This  officer  was  the  son  of  Sir 
Hugh  Culme  of  Chamston  and  Cannonsleigh  in  Devonsliire, 
and  Mary,  daughter  of  Richard  Fortescue  of  Filleigh,  in 
the  same  county.  Capt.  Culme,  who  was  knighted  in  1623, 
married  the  daughter  of  a  gentleman  named  Emerson  of 
Derbyshire,  and  died  in  1630.  His  residence  was  Clough- 
outer,  in  Cavan.  By  his  wife  (who  re-married  with  a 
Colonel  Tones,  and  died  in  1661),  Sir  Hugh  left  a  large 
family  of  sons  and  daughters.  His  eldest  son  and  heir, 
Arthur  Culme,  resided  at  Cloughouter,  and  died  without 
leaving  children,  in  1650.     One  of  Sir  Hugh's  daughters. 


458 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


called  Logh-rammar  alias  the  Manor  of  Chichester  (see  p.  343).  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a 
Bawne  of  Lyme  and  Stone  180  feet  square,  with  two  Flankers,  and  fourteen  feet  high ;  and  a 
House  in  it  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  which  is  building,  being  now  about  the  second  stone,  the  Roof 
ready  to  be  set  on.  He  hath  four  English  Families,  and  this  Bawne  standeth  upon  a  Fusage 
which  is  able  to  do  good  service. 

Captain  Culme  is  to  build  a  Town  called  Virginia  (27),  for  which  he  is  allowed  250  acres. 
Upon  this  he  hath  built  8  timber  Houses,  and  put  into  them  8  English  tenants ;  of  which  town  there 
is  a  Minister  which  keepeth  school,  and  is  a  very  good  Preacher  (28). 

IX.  400  Acres. 

Sir  John  Elliott^  Kt,  (see  p.  343),  holdeth  400  acres,  called  Muchon.  Upon  this  Proportion 
there  is  a  Bawne  of  Lyme  and  Stone  60  feet  square,  and  a  Small  House.  All  the  land  is  inhabited 
with  Irish. 

X.  900  Acres. 

SJiane  McPhillip  CRellie  (29)  hath  900  acres.  Upon  this  Proportion  is  a  small  Bawne  of 
Sodds,  and  an  Irish  House  wherein  he  dwelleth. 

The  Precinct  of  DiUaghgarvy  (30),  allotted  to  Servitors  and  Natives. 

XI.     1,500  Acres. 
Captain  Hugh  Culme  and  Archibald  Moore,  Esq,,  hold  1,500  acres,  called  Tullojdn  (31). 
Upon  this  Proportion  the  Bawne  and  Towers  are  thoroughly  finished,  and  now  the  Roof  of  the 


Anne,  married  John  E<lgeworth  of  Cranelagh,  in  Long- 
ford ;  and  a  second,  Elizabeth,  became  the  wife  of  George 
Bradshaw  of  Bradshaw,  in  Derbyshire.  The  Irish  branch 
of  this  family  is  extinct  in  the  male  line,  since  the  death 
of  Hugh  Culme,  Esq.,  of  Lisnemaine,  in  the  year  1700. 
See  The  Trevdyan  Papers,  Part  iii.,  Culnu  Pedigree  at 
the  end  of  the  volume. 

(27).  Virginia, — It  does  not  appear  why  Capt.  Culme 
selected  this  name  for  his  town,  but  it  has  been  ever 
since  in  use.  The  little  town  so  called  stands  on  the 
north-eastern  shore  of  Lough  Ramor,  six  miles  south- 
west of  Hailieborough.  It  belongs  to  the  Headfort  estate, 
the  lords  of  which,  in  their  generations,  took  pains 
to  have  the  place  duly  cared  tor  and  made  attractive. 
The  inn  at  Virginia  is  spoken  of  as  being  the  best  on  the 
whole  line  of  road  from  Enniskillen  to  Dublin.  See 
Parliatnentary  Gazeteer^  vol.  iii.,  p.  47 1. 

(28).  Good  preacher, — This  was  probably  Beniamin 
Culme,  a  brother  of  Sir  Hugh,  who  came  to  Ireland  with 
the  latter  and  a  third  broUier  named  Arthur,  who  also 
resided  at  Cloughouter.     Benjamin  was  no  doubt  *a  sood 

Sreacher,'  for  in  161 5  he  was  appointed  prebend  of 
[alahide ;  in  1616,  rector  of  Ratnmore ;  and  in  1619^ 
dean  of  St  Patrick's,  Dublin.  He  was  a  commissioner 
for  Ecclesiastical  Causes  in  1 638.  He  returned  to  Eng- 
land in  1649,  and  remained  there  until  1657,  the  year  of 
his  death.  He  died  atMudghill,  Wilts,  where  his  monu- 
ment records  that  he  was  **  an  excellent  preacher  and  a 
good  divine."  Sec  The  Trevelyan  Papers,  Pedigree  at 
the  end  of  part  iii. 


(29).  Shane McPkillip(yRei:ie.^1\a%isM!&nmi^eu^ 
was  one  of  his  numerous  and  influential  clan  wholiad  taka 
an  active  part  on  the  side  of  Hugh  O'NeUl,  bat  who  m 
recommended  himself  by  his  quiet  demeanour  ■ftcmrdi 
as  to  obtain  an  acknowledgment  in  lien  of  his  onoe  edo- 
sive  lands.  He  was  styledof  A^ukilimare,  nam  KilnoR^ 
in  the  county  of  Cavan.  InqmtsiHamt  0/  Ulskr,  Canii 
(I)  Jac.  I. 

(30).  TuUaghgarvy,—Sw  pp.  345-34^.  Thb  preoKl 
or  barony  had  been  allotted  to  serviton  and  nativcilDrspedi! 
reasons.  Itcontainscertaingood  positions  for  defence  ucmU 
tumults  arise,  and  these  positions  with  their  adjoiMf 
lands,  the  best  in  the  barony,  were  given  to  servitm 
The  remaining  lands  of  Tullaghgarvey  wcte  Mnaif  ibe 
worst  in  the  whole  counter  of  OiTan,  and  were^  thoaMt 
given  to  certain  Irish  there,  who  got  pat^es  of  fin- 
hold.  The  barony  in  general,  except  its  castera  cmcr 
around  Cootehill,  its  western  comer  anmnd  Caitk- 
Saunderson,  and  the  pleasant  valley  of  the  Anmke^ 
contains  poor  land  ;  and  even  at  the  present  time  icti^ 
its  former  bleak  aspect  and  comparatively  fanntn  so^ 

(31.)  TuUavin.—^tt  pp.  346,  347.  Tins  name  «» 
alias  of  Tullaghgarvey— one  of  Uie  baronies  in  the  . 
of  Cavan.  llie  lands  which  thus  fell  to  the  lot  of  tkot 
active  servitors,  Culme  and  Moore,  formed  pot  of  lkcpi^ 
sonal  estate  which  had  belonrod  to  the  snooessve  dudteioi 
or  representatives  of  the  whole  O'Reilly  sept  or  di^  {f^ 
quisUions  of  Ulster,  Cavan,  (a)  Jac.  I.)  Capt  CafaBe'sf 
partner  in  this  proportion  wasanotherservitor  a  "*'" 
Carew's  account  of  them  in  161 1  iaatfiBUows 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


459 


House  is  framed,  ready  to  be  set  up.  It  standeth  in  a  Place  of  great  strength,  the  said  Archibald 
Moore,  with  his  Wife  and  Family,  dwelling  in  it.  He  hath  four  English  Families ;  the  rest  of  the 
Land  is  inhabited  with  Irish. 

XII.     750  Acres. 
Sir  Thomas  Ash  and  John  Ash  have   750  acres  called  Drumshed,     Upon  this  Proportion 
there  is  a  Bawne  of  Clay  and  Stone,  and  another  of  Sodds  120  feet  square,  but  all  inhabited  with 
Irish. 

XIII.  1,000  Acres. 

Mu/lmon'e  Mc Philip  (yReyley  hath  1,000  acres  called  ItUrry-Outrcu  Upon  this  Proportion 
there  is  a  very  strong  Bawne  of  Sodds,  with  four  Flankers,  and  a  deep  Moate,  a  good  Irish  House 
within  it,  in  which  himself  and  Family  dwelleth.     He  hath  made  no  Estates.     See  p.  347. 

XIV.  1,000  Acres. 

Captain  Rdey  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Lisconnor,  Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Sodds,  and 
a  House  in  it,  in  which  he  dwelleth.  He  hath  made  no  estates  but  from  year  to  year ;  and  all  his 
Tenants  do  plough  by  the  Tail  (32). 


Hugh  Colme  and  Walter  Talbot,  1,500  acres  as  servitors, 
have  built  a  strong  timber  house  and  two  other  wattled 
houses,  felled  40  timber  trees,  no  other  work  done." 

(32).  By  the  tail.  — This  clumsy  and  cruel  method  of 

Ploughing  prevailed  from  a  remote  period,  not  only  in 
reland    and   Scotland,    but    thoroughout    many  other 
regions  of  Europe.     It  was  virtually  suppressed  in  this 
country  about  the  year  161 2,  although  many  instances  of 
its   practice  are   on  record  at  a  later  period.     In  order 
to   abolish   the    custom    in    Ulster,    where    it   seems   to 
have  prevailed  universally  among  the  Irish  inhabitants, 
Chichester  imposed  smart  fines,   which,  however,    were 
so  harshly  and  selfishly  collected,   that  complaints  were 
made  on  the  subject  to  the  King.     Among  the  grievances 
complained  of  by  certain  Irish  noblemen  and  gentlemen, 
in    1613,  one  is  stated  as  follows: — "In  the  Northern 
counties,   the  sheriffs,   governors,   marshals,  and  others, 
do  take,  for  permitting  the  inhabitants  to  use  their  short 
ploughs,   after   the   rate   of  loj.  by  the   year  for  every 
plough,  which  is  come  to  be  an  exact  revenue  of  extra- 
ordinary great  value  to  these  officers,  to  the  great  grief 
and  impoverishment  of  the  people,  who  have  neither  the 
skill  nor  means  to  use  other  ploughs  ;  and  until  in  those 
places  the  people  were  of  more  ability,  this  might  be  for- 
borne,  there  being  no  law  against  that  kind  of  plough- 
ing. "     The  commissioners  appointed  to  inquire  into  the 
several. grievances  complained  of,  reported  in  reference  to 
this  special  class,  in  the  following  terms: — "As  to  fines 
for  drawing  ploughs  and  carriages  by  the  horses*   tails, 
they  find  that  by  Act  of  Council  in  1606,  a  penalty  was 
enacted  of  forfeiting  for  the  first  year's  offence,  one  gar- 
ran  ;  for  the  second,  two ;  and  for  the  third,   the  whole 
team:  but  this  was  not  put  in  execution  till  161 1,  when 
Captain  Paul  Gore  was  allowed  in  one  or  two  counties  to 
demand  loj.   for  every  plough  so  ofifending,  in  order  to 


pay  himself  140/.,  or  160/.,  due  to  him  from  his  Majesty 
for  his  soldiers'  pay,  and  for  extraordinary  services  in 
O'Dogherty's  rebellion.  In  1 61 2  the  lord  deputy  levied 
iolt.  per  plough  so  drawn  in  all  Ulster ;  and  870/.  was 
thus  levied.  This  fine  of  lor.  is  now  passed  by  patent 
to  Sir  William  Uvedall,  reserving  a  rent  of  loo/.  a  year 
thereout  to  the  King,  the  profits  whereof  have  amounted 
to  800/.,  though  the  charge  on  the  people  was  much 
more.  Other  collections  of  such  fines  have  been  levied 
in  Connaught  and  in  some  counties  of  the  Pale,  but 
without  the  lord  deputy's  warrant,  nor  can  they  [the 
commissioners]  discover  the  amount.  The  natives  pre- 
tend a  necessity  of  continuing  this  manner  of  ploughing 
as  more  fit  for  stony  and  mountainous  grounds,  yet  the 
commissioners  think  it  not  fit  to  be  continued."  Thus, 
it  appears  that  the  real  object  of  the  order  in  council 
against  this  custom  was  not  to  abolish  it,  but  to  raise 
money  by  permission  to  continue  it  And  when  the  power 
of  levying  this  fine  from  the  poor  natives  was  passed  by 
patent  to  the  knight  above  named,  the  very  King  himself 
was  a  sharer  in  the  profits!  In  October,  161 1,  Sir 
Charles  Comwallis,  writing  to  Lord  Northampton,  refers 
to  the  commissioners'  report  on  this  point  as  follows : — 
"  His  Lordship  will,  in  like  manner,  understand  by  their 
labours  what  great  sums  of  money  have  been  drawn  out 
of  the  supposed  commisseration  of  the  hinder  parts  of 
these  poor  Irish  garrans.  The  garrans,  though  strained 
(perhaps  beyond  ordinary  existence)  in  those  parts,  com- 
plain not,  and  the  Irish  affirm  that  from  their  experience, 
they  find  that  in  ground  hilly,  §tony,  &c.,  full  of  bull- 
rushes,  where  a  long  plough  will  not  go,  it  is  the  most 
profitable  way  for  them  to  use  the  share ;  and  that  it  is 
more  easy  for  the  garran  to  go  up  the  mountains,  where 
it  is  all  liberty,  than  where  it  is  loaded  with  English 
horse-colars.  These  Irish  are  a  scurvy  nation,  and  are  as 
scurvily  used." 


460 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


XV.     3,000  Acres. 
Midmorie  Oge  O'Relie  (33)  hath  3,000  acres.     Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Sodds,  and  in  it 
an  old  Castle,  which  is  now  built  up,  in  which  himself  and  Family  dwelleth.     He  hath  made  no 
Estates  to  any  of  his  Tenants,  and  they  do  all  plough  by  the  Tail. 

XVI.  2,000  Acres. 

Captain  Richard  Tirrell^  and  his  brother  William^  have  2,000  acres  called  literrery.  Upon 
this  there  is  built  a  strong  Bawne  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  80  feet  square,  and  12  feet  high,  with  four 
Flankers.     He  hath  made  no  Estates. 

XVII.  3,000  Acres. 

Maurice  McTelligh  hath  3,000  acres,  called  Liscurcron,  He  hath  a  Bawne  of  Sodds,  and  in  it 
a  good  Irish  House,  in  which  himself  and  Family  dwelleth. 

The  Precinct  of  Loghtee^  allotted  to  English  Undertakers.     (See  pp.  204,  280). 

XVIII.     1,500  Acres. 
John  Taylor  (34)  hath  1,500  acres  called  Aghieduff  {^^),     Upon  this  Proportion  is  a  Castk 
and  Bawne  thoroughly  finished,  and  himself  and  his  Family  dwelling  in  it  (36).     I  find  planted  and 
estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Birth  and  Descent, 


(33)-  Midmorie  Oge  O'Rdie. — See  p.  347.  This  youthful 
representative  of  the  whole  clan  or  sept  of  O'Reilly  did  not 
long  survive  to  enjoy  the  pittance  thus  wanted  by  the 
Government.  He  was  grandson  of  Sir  John  O'Reilly 
(see  p.  60),  his  father  Mulmorie  having  been  slain 
fighting  on  the  side  of  the  English  at  the  Black  water. 
His  mother  was  a  niece  of  the  Earl  of  Ormonde.  After 
she  retired  with  her  son,  then  only  a  boy,  to  their 
proportion  of  3,000  acres,  he  was  styled  of  Ballincairge^ 
or  Bellcnekarge,  which  was  the  name  of  an  old  castle 
built  at  a  remote  period  by  one  of  his  ancestors.  Although 
Pynnar  speaks  of  Mulmorie  Oge  as  if  he  was  alive  m 
1017-18,  it  was  found  by  inquisition  at  Bclturbet  in  Aug. 
1622,  that  he  had  died  on  the  27th  of  February,  1617.  A 
kinsman,  named  Hugh  O'Reilly,  as  nearest  heir,  succeeded 
to  the  property.  Mulmorie  Oge's  trustees,  appointed  on 
the  6th  of  May,  1612,  were  ^Valter  Talbott  of  Ballacon- 
nolly,  in  the  county  of  Cavan,  Thomas  Brady  of  Drogheda, 
merchant,  and  Arthur  McGra,  of  Ballenecarge.  (Inqtnsi- 
tionsofUlsterj  Cavan,  (9)  Jac.  L )  Bellanacargy  is  now  one 
of  the  principal  villages  in  the  barony.  Respecting  the 
doings  of  the  principal  natives  who  got  lands  in  this  county 
of  Cavan,  Carew  reported  as  follows  : — **Melmore  Oge 
O'Relly  and  his  mother,  the  Lady  Katherine  Ny  Neale 
[Butler],  have  removed  to  Ballynecai^e,  asi^igned  them 
for  their  portion.  Hugh  McShane  O'Relly  removed  to 
his  portion,  and  is  building  a  mill.  Melmore  McPhilip 
O'Relly  removed  and  is  building  a  house.  McBrady,  and 
Connor  McShane  Roe  McBrady,  removed  to  their  propor- 
tions. Melmore  McHugh  Conolagh  O'Relly  is  dwelling 
on  the  land  he  had  before,  and  given  him  on  the  last 
division.  McKycman  removed  to  his  proportion,  and  is 
about  building  a  house.  Bryan  Echoghc  McOwen  removed 
to  his  proportion.     Philip  McTirlagh  Brady  is  al>out  to 


remove.  Magauran  had  his  own  land  given  him  on  tUi 
division.  Rest  of  the  natives  that  had  umds  assigned  ia 
that  county  are  not  yet  removed.*' 

(34).  7cjy/^r.— See  pp.  228,  283.  This 
b  mentioned  in  Carew^  report  as  follows : — " 
1,500  acres;  came  over  in  the  summer  of  i6iOk  took 
possession  and  remained  most  part  of  the  ioUowiag  winter, 
went  into  England  about  Shrovetide  last,  leaving  his  (fe* 
Duty  with  some  seven  or  eight  tenants.  Came  back  ilutf 
May  last,  with  provisions,  but  went  back  again,  and  ii 
not  yet  returned.  Brought  over  three  frediolden,  whereof 
two  are  gone  into  England  for  their  vrivcs  and  6mifia ; 
the  other  resident  is  Taylor's  deputy.  One  cofi^^iokkr 
placed  upon  the  land,  and  eight  artificers^  aUe  men,  and 
servants.  A  timber  house,  with  a  chimney  finislied, 
where  he  means  to  erect  his  d¥relling  house.  Conpdcil 
arms  of  all  sorts  to  furnish  12  men. 

(35)*  Aghi^duff, — This  name  appears  in  the  soncya 
Aghtfeduffe,  and  is  so  written  in  John  Taylor's  patent 

( 36).  Dwelling  in  it.  —See  Inqtiisiiums  of  UhUr^  Cam, 
(48)  Car  I.  There  is  no  account  in  this  inqnisitioa  of  the 
building  erected  by  John  Taylor,  nor  of  the  date  at  vhick 
he  died.  He  was  succeeded  by  a  person  named  BrockhiD 
Taylor,  but  whether  his  son  or  a  kinsman  we  cannot  tcH 
The  latter  was  styled  oiBaifyhayes  al'  Affhlecdnfle^  Co.  of 
Cavan,  and  died  on  the  lothofjuly,  1636.  HeIefktwodii|^ 
ters,  co-heiresses,  Eliza,  aged  eleven  years,  and  Mur,  scbA 
four  years  at  the  time  of  his  death.  {Ib^,  ;  see  abo  y^i 
Car .  I).  There  is  now  a  market  town  at  Ballyhaiie,  wiiia 
stands  on  the  Annalee  river,  on  the  road  from  Cavin  IB 
Clones.  Ballyhaise  House,  now  the  residenoe  of  a  | 
man  named  Humphreys,  b  surrounded  by  venr 
plantations.  It  is  situated  in  the  parish  of  Caathtrn^ 
Upper  Loughtee. 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


461 


Freeholders,  7,  viz., 
I  having  288  acres. 
I  having  264  acres. 

1  having  96  acres. 

2  having  48  acres  le  piece 
2  having  24  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  7,  viz., 

1  having  192  acres. 

2  having  48  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  24  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  48  acres  le  piece. 

Cottagers  in  Fee,  10,  viz., 

3  having  60  acres  le  piece. 
3  having  31  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  3a  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  4  acres. 

I  having  2  acres. 

XIX. 
Thomas    IValdron,  Esq.^  son   and   heir 


Total,  24  Families,  besides  several 
Undertenants,  which  are  able  to 
make  54  Men  armed. 

All  these  have  taken  the  Oath  of 
Supremacy  (37),  and  dwell  most  of 
them  in  a  village  consisting  of  four- 
teen Houses,  in  which  there  is  a 
Water-Mill,  but  no  great  store  of 
Tillage. 


2,000  Acres. 

to   Sir  Richard   Waldron   (38),  Knight,  deceased, 


(37).  Supremacy. — Pynnar  states  that  all — owners  and 
occupants — on  this  proportion  had  taken  the  oath  of  supre- 
macy. The  landlord  in  1629  took  out  a  new  patent,  as 
follows : —  *  'Grant  to  Brockhall  Taylor,  his  heirs  and  assigns, 
forever,  of  the  middle  proportion  of  Agheleeduffe,  and 
other  lands  thereto  belonging,  in  the  barony  or  precinct 
of  Ix)ughtee,  to  be  held  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  free 
and  common  socage.  The  lands  are  erected  into  a  manor, 
to  be  called  the  manor  of  Aghateeduffe,  alias  Ballyhayes, 
with  power  to  create  tenures,  and  hold  300  acres  in 
demesne,  court  leet  and  court  baron,  waifs  ai\d  strays, 
warren  and  park  ;  liberty  to  tan  leather,  and  hold  a  weekly 
market  on  every  \Vednes<lay  at  Aghateeduffe,  and  two 
fairs,  one  on  St.  Luke's  Day,  and  the  other  on  the 
Thursday  in  Holy  Week,  to  continue  for  two  days  ; 
subject  to  the  conditions  of  the  plantation,  and  according 
to  his  Majesty's  instructions  for  the  renewal  of  the  grants 
of  the  undertakers.  Oct.  12,  1629."  Onthe  loth  of  Feb., 
16 14,  John  Tailor  of  Castle  Terra,  Esq.,  demised  by  deed 
to  Thomas  Newman  of  the  same,  gent.,  the  pole  of  land 
called  Lissehannan,  300  acres,  rent,  6/.  loj.  od.  ;  liberty 
to  hawk,  hunt,  fish,  and  fowl  is  reserved.  To  hold  for 
60  years.  On  the  23rd  April,  161 5,  John  Taylor,  of 
Castle-Terra,  sold  to  llenry  Quincy  of  the  same,  carpenter, 
the  half  pole  of  land  of  Kilnacrin,  rent.  2/.,  together 
with  four  hens  and  twenty  hen  eggs,  to  be  paid  at  his 
castle  or  manor  house,  at  or  by  Ballyhayes ;  and  at  the 
death  of  every  free  tenant,  a  herriot  or  20J.,  at  the  election 
of  the  heir  of  the  said  free  tenant.  To  hold  forever  in  fee 
farm.  This  estate  appears  to  have  been  managed  accord- 
ing to  the  plantation  conditions,  for  it  did  not  require  to 


be  surrendered,  like  others  in  1629,  but  was  held  at  the 
original  low  rent,  and  without  the  payment  of  a  fine,  as 
in  most  of  the  other  cases. 

(38).  IValdron. — This  gentleman  purchased  his  lands 
in  Loughtee  from  Sir  John  Davys,  and  did  not  hold  them 
long  afterwards,  at  least  in  his  own  immediate  possession, 
although  his  family  must  have  eventually  recovered  them. 
Carews  report  in  161 1  states  that  "Sir  John  Davys, 
Knight,  2000  acres,  has  made  over  his  proportion  to 
Mr.  Richard  Waldron  [afterwards  Sir  Richard],  who 
passed  the  same  to  Mr.  Rignold  Home,  who  sold  his 
estate  [or  interest  therein]  to  Sir  Nicholas  Lusher, 
Knight,  nothing  done."  This  knight  must  have  died 
soon  after  the  date  of  Pynnar's  Survey ^  as  in  1624, 
it  was  found  by  inquisition  that  Richard  Waldron,  no 
doubt  son  and  heir  of  Sir  Richard,  was  in  possession 
of  the  estates.  (See  Ittquisitions  of  Ulster ^  Cavan,  (ll) 
Jac.  I.)  The  latter  died  soon  after  1624;  and  his  son 
Thomas,  who  succeeded  him,  died  in  February,  1 627, 
leaving  a  son,  also  named  Thomas,  who  was  only  then 
a  child  of  two  years  old.  (See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster, 
Cavan,  (33)  Car.  I.)  In  1624,  it  was  found  by 
inquisition  that  **  Richard  Waldron  is  seised  as  of  fee,  of 
the  manor  of  Dromheole  and  Dromemoylan,  with  all  the 
rights,  members,  and  appurtenances  to  the  same  belong- 
ing, and  of  a  court  baron  to  be  held  within  the  said 
manor ;  alsoe,  of  the  townes  and  lands  called  Congaran, 
one  pole,  whereof  but  3  pottles  are  in  the  possession 
of  the  said  Richard  ;  also  of  the  towne  called  Tirorkan, 
2  poles,  and  the  same  consisteth  of  the  parcells  of  Tiror- 
kan and  Lisduffe ;  the  towne  called  Gortneshellahy,  2 


462 


THE   PLANTATION   IN   ULSTER. 


holdeth  2,000  acres,  called  Dromhill  and  Dromellan.  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a 
Bawne  of  Sodds  of  200  feet  square,  and  four  Flankers ;  but  much  of  it  is  fallen  down.  The 
Castle  or  Stone  House  is  now  finished,  and  himself,  with  his  Mother,  the  I^dy  Waldron,  with  all 
their  Family,  are  dwelling  in  it.  There  is  built  a  Town  consisting  of  31  Houses,  all  inhabited  with 
English,  There  is  also  a  Wind-Mill.  This  is  a  Throughfare  and  common  Passage  into  the 
Country,  and  here  is  a  little  Tillage.  I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Britiish  Birth 
and  Descent, 

Freeholders,  5,  viz., 
2  having  96  acres  le  piece. 

1  having  192  acres. 

2  having  48  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  17,  viz., 

3  having  96  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  48  acres  le  piece. 

1  having  72  acres. 
9  having  24  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  33  acres  le  piece. 

Cottagers,  31. 
Each  having  a  House  and  two  acres  of  Land,  and  Com- 
mons for  1 2  Cattle  a-piece. 

XX-     2,000  Acres. 
John  Fishy  Esq,  (39),  hath  2,000  acres  called  Dromany  (40).     Upon  this  Propoftioa  Ac 


'I'otal,  53  Families,  consisting  of 
82  Men  very  well  armed. 


poles,  consisting  of  the  parcells  called  Gortnasellahe  one 
and  y^  pole,  and  Shancloen  %,  pole ;  a  parcell  called 
Dromhill  al*  Dromhcele,  one  pole  ;  a  parcel  called  Logho- 
connoge,  2  polls;  Clough-Igonner,  2  polls  ;  Carigaghe  al' 
Corgagh,  Yi  pole ;  Coragh  mentioned  [in  the  patent]  to  be 
%  pole,  and  containeth  one  pole ;  the  towTie  or  parcell 
called  Cooghy  al*  Coaghes,  %,  pole  ;  Dromhanacrone. 
one  pole;  Dromchonowy,  2  polls,  and  it  consisteth  of 
the  several  parcells  calle<l  Dromchonowy,  Drombarr,  and 
Edrimon,  which  Dromlxirr  and  Edrimon  lie  betwixt  the 
land  called  Drondewoone  in  the  east,  and  Dromchono- 
way  and  Nachara  in  the  west,  a  mountain  in  the  north, 
and  the  bogge  lyinge  between  Dromdewoone  and  Dissi- 
crone  in  the  south  ;  Meonarry,  2  polls ;  Farrangally,  2 
polls ;  Eynish,  mentioned  in  the  said  pattent,  to  be  % 
a  pole,  but  it  conteyneth  one  pole  ;  Katakine,  one  j)ole  ; 
Gortnenowle,  in  the  said  pattent  mentioned,  to  be  >^  a  jwle, 
and  conteyneth  one  pole  ;  Sirawkeile,  in  the  said  pattent 
mentioneu,  to  be  ^^  a  jxjle,  and  contayneth  one  pole  ;  all 
which  the  fore  recited  narcells  are  called  by  the  name  of 
the  small  proportion  ot  Dromhill  in  the  letters  pattcnts. 
The  said  Richard  Waldron  is  alsoe  seised,  as  in  fee,  of  the 
land  called  Dromgowla,  one  pole  ;  Culbycgg,  one  pole  ; 
Ragaltan,  one  of  the  two  polls  of  Karrineseir ;  Tollenagh, 
2  polls ,  Lis^lorran,  one  pole  ;  Faman,  3  polls ;  Derriad, 
one  pole ;  Derr)'lyne,  2  polls ;   Dromoamin,  one  pole ; 


Nacarragh,  one  pole  ;  Denycran,  one  pole ; 
mentioned  in  tne  letters  pattent,  to  be  one  pole*  cob* 
taineth  %  a  pole  ;  Dromskieagh,  oiie  pole  ;-Ahe  other 
halfe  of  Dromskreagh  being  assigned  for  gicab;  Kif* 
forragh,  one  pole,  consisting  of  Lissnevendrani  %  a  pok^ 
Inche,  one  pottle  or  j^  of  a  pole,  Naflbimh  %  a  pok^  ai 
Derricana,  mentioned  in  the  letters  pattent  to  be)$i 
pole  and  containeth  3  pottles — all  wnicfa  pieniaa  ait 
called  by  the  name  of  the  smallc  proportion  of  DroaMllA 
{Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Cavan,  ( 1 1 )  J ac  I. )  There  ii  in 
mention  in  the  inquisitions  of  the  estate  having  beea  fv- 
rendercd,  or  re-gnuited  (as  in  many  other  cbks)  ob  the 
payincnt  of  a  fine  and  a  higher  rent,  so  that  the  WaldiOK 
whilst  they  held  it,  appear  to  have  stricthr  obterved  ^ 
original  conditions  of  pumtation.  A  Tery  sfic^t  de  '  ""*"" 
from  these  conditions  was  sure  to  entail  luifeitiUf^ 
the  terms  imposed  by  Charles  I.,  in  i6i6^  were 
to. 

(39).  John  Fisk.^iset  p.  281.  Thb  was 
earnest  undertaker.  Only  twelve  months  after  he  hid  ^ 
possession,  Carew  reports  of  his  pipcicis  thus ;— *'Jtfi 
r  ish,  2,000  acres ;  came  over  in  the  somaer,  took  poi^ 
session,  went  back  again  and  left  hisdcpoty  Ikk^ 
with  his  wife  and  family  about  May  last.  IkuMht 
him  four  freeholders,  two  whereof  iitiuawl  fir 
families,  none  of  than  yet  settled. 


i 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


463 


Bawne  and  Castle  is  long  since  finished,  being  very  strong,  and  himself  with  his  wife  and  Family 
dwelling  therein.  He  hath  also  built  two  villages,  consisting  of  10  Houses  the  piece,  which  are 
built  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  and  two  good  Innholders ;  for  they  stand  upon  a  Road  Way.  I  find 
planted  and  estated  on  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  4,  viz., 
2  having  192  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  144  acres. 

1  having  130  acres. 

Lessees  for  three  lives,  4,  viz., 

2  having  150  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  120  acres.  - 

1  having  144  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  14,  viz., 
4  having  92  acres  le  piece. 
4  having  48  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  24  acres  le  piece. 


Total,  22  Families,  besides  Cot- 
tagers, which  are  able  to  make  60 
men  well  armed. 


artificers  and  servants  of  all  sorts,  thirty-three  or  there- 
about. Two  English  teams  of  horses  with  English  carts 
continually  employed  in  drawing  materials  ;  oaks  felled, 
and  carpenters  employed  in  the  woods  of  Fermanagh, 
felling  more.  Arms  of  all  sorts  for  35  men,  or  thereabout  ; 
a  barrel  of  powder,  with  match  and  lead  proportionable." 
The  following  letter  from  the  council  in  London  to 
Chichester,  refers  to  a  dispute  between  Fishe  and  Captain 
Culme  so  early  as  161 1  :  —  "Captain  Hugh  Cullam, 
having  obtained  a  grant  of  one  poll  of  ground,  called 
Inishmuck,  lying  in  the  midst  of  the  great  proportiwi  of 
Dromany,  in  the  precinct  of  Lough  tee,  and  county  of 
Cavan,  belonging  to  John  Fishe,  the  bearer,  one  of  the  Eng- 
lish undertakers,  the  same  [poll]  being  either  misnamed,  or 
not  named  in  his  patent,  they  [the  council]  request  him 
[Chichester]  to  take  order  for  settling  Mr.  Fish  in  the 
quiet  possession  of  the  parcel  aforesaid,  believing  that  the 
drcumstances  were  hid  from  him  [Chichester],  and  that 
the  grant  to  Captain  Culm  is  expressly  contrary  to  the 
Articles  of  plantation.  *' 

(40).  Dromany. — An  inquisition  taken  in  1629,  six 
years  after  the  death  of  John  Fish  (or,  more  correctly, 
Sir  John  Fishe,  for  he  was  both  a  knight  and  an  Ulster 
baronet,  see  p.  281),  mentions  his  setting  off  and  letting 
lands  on  his  proportion,  as  follows  : — **Onthe  1st  of  May, 
161 5,  Sir  Hugh  IVorreil,  or  Wyrrell,  was  enfeoffed  in  the 
pole  called  Dromchoile  ;  on  the  20th  April,  1615,  Oliver 
Pyndar  and  John  Taylor,  a  lease  for  21  years,  of  the  pole 
called  Conochin  ;  John  Taylor  and  Daniel  0*Lery,  a 
lease  of  two  poles  called  Ruskie,  for  21  years,  from  the 
lOth  of  April,  1616  ;  George  Bo^vker^  a  lease  of  the  poll 
called  Derhowe,  for  21  years,  from  the  loth  of  April, 
1616  ;  George  Bowker,  aforesaid,  a  lease  of  the  poll  called 
Dromany,  for  21  years,  from  the  1 6th  of  May,  1616 ; 
yokn  Baker,  Maria,  his  wife,  and  William,  their  son,  a 
lease  of  the  pole  called  Derrychrine,  for  their  natural 


lives,  from  June  i,  1616.  Sir  John  Fishe,  after  ob- 
taining his  letters  patent,  enfeoffed  Nicholas  Powlter  in  a 
lai^  quantity  of  land  ;  and  in  May,  1617,  he  leased  for 
a  term  of  21  years  to  Sir  Hugh  Cullane  [Culm]  a  pole 
called  Dromard,  and  a  quarter  of  a  poll  called  Dronoghan  ; 
on  the  1st  of  May,  1616,  he  leased  for  21  years,  to  John 
and  Anne  Taylor,  the  pole  called  Corodiralisse.  (See 
Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Cavan,  (26)  Car.  I).  Fishe  died 
on  the  20th  of  March,  1623,  and  was  succeeded  by  his 
son  and  heir,  Sir  Edward  Fishe,  who  received  many  of  the 
Irish  as  yearly  tenants.  The  following  are  their  names, 
and  the  names  of  their  holdings,  as  mentioned  by  the  in- 
quisition already  quoted,  viz.,  **Knogher  O'Rely,  May  I, 
1628,  the  pole  called  Gortichare  ;  \Villiam  Bouts,  same 
date,  the  pole  of  Kellanecare  ;  Hugh  Groome,  same  date, 
the  pole  called  Dromerslady  ;  Richard  Smith,  same  date, 
the  pole  of  Lissimoyne ;  John  O'Rely,  same  date,  the 
pole  of  Aghaganilly  ;  Cahill  O'Rely,  same  date,  the  pole 
of  Carria^an  ;  Dormogh  O'Mulpatrick,  same  date,  the 
two  polls  called  Fugh  ;  Patrick  Brady  McDonnoghy« 
same  date,  the  pole  called  Knockeingerke.  Sir  Edward 
granted  in  fee,  to  John  Sugden,  the  lands  called  Ruffian 
and  Dromachon  ;  and  to  Robert  Burrowes,  the  pole  called 
Keilegony,  for  a  term  of  31  years."  {Ibid.)  On  the  14th 
of  February,  1 629,  a  re-grant  was  given  to  Sir  Edward 
Fishe,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  forever,  as  an  undertaker  of 
the  province  of  Ulster,  of  the  great  proportion  of  Dromany, 
in  the  barony  or  precinct  of  Loughtee,  containing  by 
estimation  2,000  acres,  and  other  lands  containing  50 
acres,  in  the  same  barony  ;  to  be  held  as  of  the  castle  of 
Dublin,  in  free  and  common  socage.  The  lands  are  erected 
into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Dromany,  with 
power  to  create  tenures,  and  hold  court  baron  and  court 
leet,  waifs  and  strays,  park  and  warren,  and  chase,  with 
provisoes  and  conditions  similar  to  those  contained  in  the 
patents  of  undertakers  of  like  proportions  in  the  province 
of  Ulster. 


464 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


1  having  30  acres. 

2  having  40  acres  le  piece. 
1  having  20  acres. 

Cottagers,  14,  viz., 
Each  of  these  has  a  House  and  Garden,  and  a  Plott,  and 
Commons  for  four  Head  of  Cattle. 

XXL     1,500  Acres. 
This  is  now  in  the  hands  of  Mr.  Adwick  (41).  Sir  Hugh  Wirraly  Knighty  holdeth  1,500  acres, 
called  Monaghan,      Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  no  Bawne,  but  he  is  building  a  House  of  Lyme 
and  Stone,  which  is  but  two  stories  high  (42),  and  so  it  hath  been  this  two  years ;  and  now  he  hath 


(41).  Mr,  Adwick. — The  fact  here  mentioned  simply 
meant  that  Mr.  Adwick  had  a  mortgage  on  Sir  Hugh 
Worral's  proportion  of  Monaghan.  For  an  account  of 
Sir  Hugh's  difficulties  see  pp.  274,  282.  By  an  inquisition 
taken  at  the  town  of  Cavan,  in  1628,  it  appears  that  on 
the  4th  of  December,  161 3,  Sir  Hugh  Worral  sold  this 
property  to  Thomas  Mountford,  who  held  it  until  the  12th 
of  November,  1 6 14.  As  no  parties  on  the  estate  had 
taken  the  oath  of  supremacy,  the  lands  vested  again  in 
the  Crown.  (See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Cavan,  (16) 
Car.  I.)  Carew's  account  of  Sir  Hugh  Worral's  pro- 
ceedings shows  that  the  latter  was  actively,  if  not  very 
successfully  at  work,  so  early  as  161 1: — "Sir  Hugh 
Worrall,  Knight,  1,500  acres;  was  here  in  the  summer 
[of  1 6 10],  took  possession  and  returned  into  England. 
His  lady  and  family  came  over  about  the  20th  of  July 
last.  Three  freeholders  resident ;  one  is  building  on 
his  freehold.  Twenty  artificers  and  servants,  or  there- 
abouts, resident,  most  of  whom  lived  there  all  last  winter. 
He  has  built  a  fair  house  at  Bealturberte  after  the  Enelish 
manner,  and  three  other  dwelling  houses,  with  a  smith's 
forge.  Between  Sir  Hugh  Worrall  and  Mr.  Stephen 
Butler  were  built  at  Bealturberte  five  boats  of  several 
burthens,  one  of  them  will  carry  12  or  14  tons.  Timber 
prepared  for  buikiing.  Arms  of  all  sorts  for  10  men ; 
and  burnt  by  mischance  in  a  house  as  much  as  would 
fumibh  12  more."  Worrall  must  have  been  employed 
by  the  Government,  for  a  time,  in  assisting  to  work  out 
some  plan  or  project  for  the  plantation  generally.  Dur- 
ing this  time  he  drew  up  a  **  Project  for  the  Plantation 
of  the  North  of  Ireland,'  which  he  addressed  to  the  Earl 
of  Northam])ton,  as  a  leading  member  of  the  council  in 
London — **The  only  hindrance,"  he  states  in  this  docu- 
ment, *'is  the  want  of  means  to  carry  out  the  necessary 
works.  This  it  is  proposed  to  meet  by  a  general  appeal 
to  the  nobility  and  gentry  of  England,  Ireland,  an<l  Scot- 
land, either  by  a  letter  of  the  King  himself,  or  of  some 
commissioned  by  his  royal  authority,  for  subscriptions 
in  and  of  the  undertaking  ;  the  amount  to  be  graduated 
according  to  a  scale  given  in  the  project.  The  sums 
raised  in  England  to  Ik;  applied  to  the  use  of  the  precincts 
of  the  English  lords  and  their  undertakers  ;  those  in  Scot- 
land, to  those  of  the  Scottish  ;  and  those  in  Ireland,  to 
the  precincts  assigned  to  the  servitors  and  natives.  The 
clergy  should  be  invite<l  to  contribute  for  the  building 
of  oiurches.  A  roll  of  contributors  to  be  recorded  in 
Chancery."  This  was  akin  to  Chichester*s  plan  of 
carrying  out  a  successful  plantation  in  Ulster,  and  prob- 


ably indeed,  Sir  Hugh  Worrall  was  but  the  deputy's 
mouthpiece  in  submitting  his  project  to  the  King  and  his 
subjects. 

(42).  Two  stories  high, — This  house,  somewhat  im- 
proved probably,  w^is  afterwards  dignified  with  the  title 
of  Castiebagshmv,  While  Sir  Hugh  Winal  hdd  the 
proportion  of  Monaghan,  a  settler  named  Sir  Edwaid 
Bagshaw  held  one  pole  called  Gariathianie,  and  cither 
he  or  his  son  aflervrards  became  the  owner  of  the  whole 

Property.  On  the  2nd  of  December,  1628^  Sir  Edwud 
lagshawe  obtained  a  re-grant  to  him  and  his  hein  tai 
assigns,  forever,  as  an  undertaker,  of  the  entire  pio* 
portion  of  land  by  the  late  genera]  sunrej  caUed  the 
middle  proportion  of  Monaghan,  containing  1,590 
erecting  the  same  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the 
of  Castlebagshawe,  with  power  to  resenre  450  aats  m 
demesne,  to  impark  300  acres,  to  be  held  as  of  the  casik 
of  Dublin,  in  free  and  common  socage,  subject  to  the 
conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster.  By  an  inqni* 
sition  taken  at  Belturbett,  on  the  12th  of  June,  1661,  it 
was  found  that  Sir  Edward  Bagshaw,  late  of  Finghoe, 
in  the  county  of  Dublin,  had  been  in  posiessioQ  oral  the 
28th  of  May,  1654,  but  at  that  date  had  signed  it  vnj 
partly  as  a  marriage  dowry  with  his  daughter,  Anne 
Bagshaw,  who  married  Thomas  Richardson,  Em^.,  of 
Dublin,  and  partly  for  the  consideration  of  600/.  paid  by 
the  latter  to  him  [Sir  Edward].  On  the  7th  of  May, 
1 66 1,  Thomas  Richardson  sold  to  Humphrey  Pcnoathe 
several  parcels  of  the  estate  called  Monaghan,  two  poOi; 
Dromchoole,  one  pole ;  Baillichue,  EdmguIIen,  and  % 
pole  of  Mullaghboy,  reserving  on  the  lancu  a  yearij  rest 
of  i8j.  ;  Derryvony,  Necorragh,  and  Clooeny,  KKrnBf 
6/.  1 7 J.  yearly,  as  rent ;  Camleer,  Drumgart,  Kikuo- 
bagh,  and  Tumason,  reserving  i6f.  8J.  yeariy ;  Dim- 
brora,  4/.  ;  Kenaghan  and  Temconrode,  lor. ;  Figb* 
Droughill,  and  leere-Gormley.  On  the  50th  April. 
1 66 1,  Richardson  sold  to  Thomas  GwiUuuon.  the  hadft 
of  Aghacrossikilley,  Quillaghan,  and  CorquilU  4  poQi» 
lyine  in  the  parish  of  Dromlane,  and  manor  of  CHdc- 
bag^aw.  And  on  the  30th,  April*  1661,  in  GOD^dai* 
tion  of  a  sum  of  464/.  131;  3^.  he  sold  to  Ambme  BedcB 
of  Carne,  in  the  county  of  Cavan,  the  lands  of  CoBf|; 
two  polls;  Ardea,  two  polls,    Graigfanii^  one  pole; 

1  Tcnorerii 


Anture,  one  pole ;  Killewooly  and  Tcnorerine, 

%  pole  ;  and  Clonoluligc^  one  pole.    Ambraw  Bedd 
was  then  [1661]  in  pcacciible 
Ulsttr,  Cavan,  (i)  Car.  II. 


PYNNAR'S    SURVEY. 


465 


t  away  to  Mr.  Adwick,  who  is  in  possession.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of 

h  Families, 

Cottagers  I  saw  not  any,  nor  any 

Freeholders,  3,  viz.,  Counterpan  to  make  it  appear ;  but 

ig  96  acres  le  piece.  they  said  they  have    eight,  whose 

ig  48  acres.  Names  they  gave  me. 

Lessees,  5,  viz..  These   eight  Families,  with   the 

ig  48  acres  le  piece.  eight  Cottagers,  are  able  to  make 

ig  72  acres.  26  men;  but  for  Arms  I  saw  not  any, 

ig  24  acres  le  piece.  neither  is  there  any  place  to  keep 

them  in. 

XXIL  2,000  Acres, 
r  Stephen  Butler  holdeth  2,000  acres,  called  Clonose  (43).  The  Castle  and  Bawne  are 
I,  being  of  great  strength.  He  hath  built  two  Corn  Mills,  and  one  fulling  Mill.  He  is  also 
arm  200  men  with  very  good  Arms,  which  are  within  his  Castle ;  besides  others  which  are 
^d  to  his  Tenants  for  their  safe-guard.  I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of 
\  Families, 

Freeholders,  15,  viz., 
g  144  acres, 
g  96  acres, 
g  48  acres  le  piece, 
g  24  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  3  lives,  11,  viz., 
g  264  acres, 
g  144  acres, 
g  40  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  15,  viz., 
g  144  acres, 
g  48  acres  le  piece, 
g  24  acres  le  piece, 
g  12  acres  le  piece. 

XXni.     384  Acres. 
-  Stephen  Butler^  and  the  Undertakers  of  the  Precinct,  are  to  plant  a  Town  at  Belturbet^ 


Total,  41  Families,  besides  Under- 
tenants, which  are  able  to  make 
139  Men  armed. 


"Jonose. — This  undertaker  died  on  the  2 1st  Sep- 
163 1,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son,  then  ten 
His  wife,  whose  name  was  Maria  Brindsley, 
2^  in  1638.  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Cavan,  (60, 
I).  At  Sir  Stephen  Butler's  death  his  estate  con- 
760  acres,  all  of  which  was  re-granted  for  his  son 
:  from   the  Crown,   on  the  9th  of  September, 

his  trustees.  Sir  Robert  Dillon,  Sir  Charles 
id  Lady  Maria  Butler,   widow  of  the  deceased 

The  entire  property,  consisting  of  several  frag- 

2 


ments,  was  granted  as  the  manor  of  Castlebutler  al'  Bel- 
turbct  The  trustees,  on  the  20th  of  May,  1640,  leased  to 
Edmond  Sherwine  of  Creenagh,  the  two  half  poles  of 
Crenehone  and  Crenebane  and  the  pole  of  Deringlasse,  in 
the  large  proportion  of  Clonossy,  or  Clonose,  as  the  name 
is  written  by  Pynnar,  for  a  term  of  87  years.  James 
Butler  died  in  July,  1640,  and  his  brother,  Stephen,  then 
II  years  old,  succeeded  as  next  heir.  Inquisitions  of 
Ulster,  Cavan,  (67)  Car.  I. 


466 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


and  for  that  there  is  allowed  384  acres  of  Land  (44),  and  to  build  a  Church.  In  this  Town  theie 
are  Houses  built  of  Cage-Work  all  inhabited  with  Brittish  Tenants,  and  most  of  them  Tradesmen, 
each  of  these  having  a  House  and  Garden  Plott,  with  four  acres  of  Land,  and  Commons  for 
certain  numbers  of  Cows  and  Garrons. 

XXIV.  2,000  Acres. 
Rcinald  Home  was  the  first  Patentee.  Sir  George  Manneringe  (45),  Knight^  hath  2,000  acres 
called  Lisreagh,  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  built  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  44  feet  long,  13 
feet  high,  with  two  Flankers ;  also  a  brick  House  of  the  same  length,  and  20  feet  high,  all  veiy 
good  work  and  strong.  There  is  also  a  small  Village  consisting  of  seven  Houses,  all  which  are 
inhabited  wth  English  Families.  I  find  planted  and  estated  with  Brittish  Families  upon  the 
Land, 

Freeholders,  3,  viz., 

1  having  144  acres. 

2  having  192  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  21,  viz..  Total,  24  Families,  besides  Under- 

4  having  48  acres  le  piece.  tenants,   being    able   to    make  48 

I  having  5 1  yi  acres.  Men,  as  they  said,  but  I  did  not 

8  having  24  acres  le  piece.  see  them. 
4  having  48  acres  le  piece. 

3  having  20  acres  le  piece. 

I  having  30  acres  le  piece  (46). 


(44).  0/  Land. — The  lands  for  the  purposes  above 
si)ecificd  were  Keil-Italry  al'  Belturbell,  Derryphadd, 
Comamucklagh,  Keil-Ivehy,  Moy,  and  Shroghecoglin. 
Inquisitions  of  Ulster ^  Cavan,  (67)  Car.  I. 

(45 ) .  Man neringc,  — Tlie  proportion  k n own  as  Lisreagh 
originally  belonged  to  Home,  who  sold  it  to  Sir  Nicholas 
Lusher,  who,  in  turn,  sold  it  on  the  14th  of  March,  1613, 
to  Sir  George  Mainwaring  of  Ight-feilde,  in  the  county  of 
Salop  or  Shropshire. 

(46).  Le  piece. — The  following  freeholders  were  made 
by  Sir  Nicholas  Lusher  : — **  On  the  loth  of  Octol^er,  1612, 
he  granted  to  Henry  Chesman^  the  two  poles  of  Drinnan; 
on  the  26lh  July,  161 3,  he  granted  John  Taylor  the  two 
poles  called  Dromhillagh  ;  and  on  the  20tli  July,  1615,  he 
granted  to  Walter  Bassett^  the  poll  calletl  Kilnever, — all 
these  grants  in  pcq)ctuily."  The  following  is  an  account 
of  the  sub-letting  by  Sir  George  Mainwaring  on  this  pro- 
perty:— "On  the  6th  of  April,  1622,  he  granted  in  fee  to 
Nicholas  Lysley,  the  two  polls  called  PoUebane.  On  the 
20th  of  August,  1 61 6,  he  demised  to  Thomas  Jackson 
the  poll  of  Agharaugh,  and  two  acres  of  Gortnecoshe, 
with  a  messuage  for  a  term  of  41  years.  The  said  Sir 
George,  on  the  2nd  of  October,  10 1 7,  did  demise  unto 
Robert  Gamble^  and  his  assigns,  a  messuage  and  30  acres 
of  lande,  parcell  of  the  pole  called  Recorricke  al'  Gama, 
and  all  that  pole  calle<l  Crabbinev,  to  hold  for  the  like 
term.  The  said  Sir  George,  on  the  1st  of  August,  1618, 
did  demise  unto  Rithard  Castledine,  one  water-mylc  and 


myl-howse,  with  parcell  of  the  two  poles  of  Diynan, 
for  31  yeares.     The  said  Sir  George,  by  his  iiidaitnc 
beringc  date  the  same  day  did  demise  and  sell  ulO 
Edward  Lockington  and  his  assigns,  the  .S'  po4e  oUed 
Corlorogagh,  and  two  acres  of  land,  parcell  of  Dijimb 
aforesaid,  for  39  yeares.     The  said  Sir  George,  oa  tbe 
laste  day,  1627,  did  demise  unto  Thomas  Cmye  and  his 
assigns,  6  acres  in  Gama  with  a  house  thereupon  baih, 
and  45  >^  acres,  parcell  of  Racorrick,  together  with  ooe 
other  house  in  Gama  aforesaid,  and  three  acres  theitsBto 
belonging,  and  30  acres  more,  parcell  of  Racorrick  afcft- 
said,  anaalso  one  other  house  at  Gama  aforesaid,  with  7 
acres  thereunto  belonging,  for  25  years.  The  said  SirGeoife, 
on  the  25th  July,  1616,  did  demise  unto  John  BrMdimtd 
and  his  assigns  a  messuage  and  one  acre  in  Gama,  with 
}i  a  pole  called  Aghnaghiogh,  for  41  yeares.    The  aid 
Sir  Ueorge,  on  the  20tn  August,  16 16,  did  dcmiK  imlD 
Richard  Nutkin  and  his  assigns  %  of  the  pole  caUed 
Corlysally,  for  41  yeares.    The  said  Sir  Geoige,  on  the 
same  day,  did  demise  unto  John  Retty  and  his  Msignsthe 
other  half  of  the  said  poU,  for  41  yeares.     The  sud  Sir 
George,   on  the  20th  August,  in  the  same  ycarc^  did 
demise  tmto  Robert  Newton  and  his  assigns  a  meflHfe 
and  parcell  of  grounde  belonging  thereto  in  Gama  ame- 
said,  and  }i  ofthepoll  called  Aghnaghiogh,  for  41  jetf& 
The  said  Sir  George,  on  the  same  day,  did  demise  vMb 
Bartholomew  JachSm  and  his  assigns  tKe  other  pole  calki 
Pollybrally,  for  41  yeaits.    The  aid  Sir  Geoi)B^ 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


467 


XXV.     1,500  Acres. 

William  Snow  (47)  was  the  first  Patentee.  Peter  Ameas^  Esq.^  hath  1,500  acres,  called 
Tonagh  (48).  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  good  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  75  feet  square, 
1 2  feet  high,  with  two  Flankers ;  a  stone  House  within  it  60  feet  long,  and  three  stories 
high,  strongly  built ;  and  a  small  Village  not  far  from  it,  consisting  of  seven  Houses.  There  is 
planted  and  estated  upon  this  Proportion,  of  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  4,  viz., 
3  having  480  jointly. 
I  having  48  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  7,  viz., 
3  having  96  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  96  acres. 

1  having  68  acres. 

2  having  96  acres  le  piece. 


Total,  1 1  Families,  besides  divers 
Undertenants,  which  are  able  to 
make  30  Men. 


tinuing  still  his  seizen  and  possession  of  the  said  manor, 
by  his  deed  of  feoffment,  beringe  date  the  20th  October, 
1627,  did  graunte  the  said  manor  and  great  proportion  of 
Lisreagh  unto  Thomas^  late  Bishop  ofKtlmore  and  Ardaghy 
his  heirs  and  assigns  forever.  The  said  bishop,  on  the  6th 
January,  1628,  died  seized  of  the  premises  aforesaid,  and 
after  his  death  Roger  Moynes  was  thereof  seized,  and  now 
[1629]  is  the  reputed  tenant  and  possessor  of  the  same." 
{Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Cavan,  (23)  Car.  I).  Instead  of 
21  leaseholders  on  this  proportion  as  represented  by 
Pynnar,  there  are  only  thirteen  names  recorded  m  the 
above  extract  from  the  inquisition  of  1629.  Respecting 
these,  it  is  added,  that  **  neither  the  said  bishop,  nor  said 
other  persons,  did  take  the  oathe  of  supremacye,  and  soe 
the  said  Sir  George  [Main waring]  the  provisoe  and  con- 
dition did  breake,  whereby  the  premises  unto  the  late 
King,  his  heirs  and  successors,  did  escheale  and  come." 
In  this  case  there  had  been  progress  made  in  the  general 
work  of  planting  and  building  during  the  interval  between 
the  time  of  Pynnar's  report  and  the  taking  of  the  inquisi- 
tion in  1629.  Pynnar  reported  24  families,  making  48 
able  men,  adding  the  rather  significant  observation,  **but 
I  did  not  see  them  ;"  but  they  were  really  forthcoming, 
as  we  learn  from  the  following  passage  of  the  inquisition 
above  quoted  : — "There  is  erected  upon  the  poll  called 
Oughall  al'  Moynes-Hall,  one  fayer  bawne  of  lyme  and 
stone,  and  within  the  same  a  large,  fayer,  and  spatious 
castle,  or  capitall  mansion-house  and  buildinge,  of  Ijrme- 
stone,  vaulted,  with  three  storj'es  in  height,  and  havinge 
within  26  fayer  romes,  with  two  flankers  for  the  defence 
thereof ;  and  alsoe  a  towne  or  village  havinge  24  English- 
like bowses  and  more,  all  inhabited  with  Englishe  and 
Britishe  famelies,  in  performance  of  the  said  plantation^' 
It  was  also  found  by  this  inquisition  that  the  inliabitants 
of  Oughall,  alias  ^Ioynes-I^all,  required  a  fair  to  be  ap- 
pointed on  the  1st  of  May,  and  the  other  "on  the  8th  of 
September,  being  Lady-day  in  harvist,"  as  on  those  days 
there  were  no  fairs  held  nearer  than  seven  miles  from  that 


place.  It  was  also  found  that  the  old  ruined  parish 
church  of  Annakelly,  which  stood  on  an  island  "not  pas- 
sable for  water  in  the  tyme  of  winter,"  ought  not  to  be 
rebuilt,  but  that  a  new  edifice  should  be  erected  on  the  top 
of  a  hill  at  Gortneishe,  where  Roger  Moyne,  the  landloro, 
was  willing  to  grant  an  acre  and  a  half  for  that  purpose, 
and  in  the  vicinity  of  which  "the  English  plantation  and 
and  most  nombre  of  the  inhabitants  dwell."  On  the  13th 
of  July,  1629,  there  was  a  grant  to  Abigafl  Moigne, 
widow  of  Roger  Moigne  and  John  Greenham,  of  the  great 
proportion  of  Lisreagh,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Moigne 
Hall,  with  all  manorial  rights,  and  subject  to  the  terms 
for  renewal  of  grants. 

(47)  William  Snow. — Carew's  report  of  this  patentee 
is  in  the  following  terms  : — "William  Snowe,  1500  acres  ; 
never  came,  nor  any  for  him.  Passed  over  his  proportion 
to  William  Lusher,  son  to  Sir  Nicholas  Lusher — nothing 
done.  Since  our  return  from  the  north  [to  Dublin], 
William  Lusher,  son  to  Sir  Nicholas,  who  bought 
William  Snowe's  proportion  of  1500  acres,  came  over 
with  his  father,  took  out  warrants  of  possession,  and  is 
gone  down  to  his  land. " 

(48).  Tonagh, — Peter  Ameas  would  appear,  in  turn, 
to  have  soon  disposed  of  this  proportion  to  a  Dublin 
purchaser  named  John  Greenham.  The  latter  died  in 
1637,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son  and  heir  Thomas 
Greenham,  who  was  then  of  age,  and  unmarried.  {In- 
quisitions of  Ulster^  Cavan,  (50)  Car.  I).  On  the  4th  of 
July,  1629,  a  re-grant  was  made  to  John  Greenham,  his 
heirs  and  assigns,  forever,  of  the  middle  proportion  of 
Tonnagh,  containing  1606  acres  in  the  barony  of  Lough- 
tee  ;  to  be  held  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  free  and 
comnK)n  socage.  The  premises  were  to  be  created  into 
a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Tonnagh,  with  liberty 
to  create  tenures,  and  hold  600  acres  in  demesne,  and  to 
impark  450  acres ;  to  hold  court  baron  and  court  leet ; 
with  liberty  of  free  warren  ;  pursuant  to  the  conditions  of 
the  plantation. 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


469 


The  Precinct  of  Tullaghconcht  [TuUyhunco],  allotted  to  Scottish  Undertakers. 

XXXII.     2,000  Acres. 
Sir  Alexander  Hamilton  {^^^  the  first  Patentee.     Jane  Hamilton  (56),  late  wife  to  Clatule 
Hamilton^  deceased,  hath  2,000  acres,  called   Carrotobber  and  Clonkine,     Upon  this  Proportion 
there  is  a  strong  Castle,  and  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone  thoroughly  finished,  herself  ^ith  her 
Family  dwelling  therein  (57).     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  oi  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  6  (58),  viz., 
I  having  288  acres. 
I  having  144  acres. 

I  having  96  acres.  Total,   these    31    Families,   with 

3  having  48  acres  le  piece.  divers  Undertenants  will  make  52 


(55).  Hamilton. — See  p.  306.  This  knight,  who  was 
styled  of  Enderwicke  in  Scotland,  was  granted  by  the 
Crown,  on  the  23rd  July,  1610,  the  two  small  proportions 
of  Clonkyne  and  Carrotubber  with  the  advowson  of  the 
church  of  Killshandragh. 

(56).  Jane  Hamilton. — This  lady  was  the  wife  of  Sir 
Claude  Hamilton,  and  afterwards  of  Sir  Arthur  Forbes 
of  Granard.  Sir  Claude  died  before  his  father,  and  when 
his  widow,  Jane  Hamilton,  is  mentioned  by  Pynnar  as 
having  the  two  proportions  of  Clonkine  and  Carrotubber, 
it  is  to  be  understood  that  she  held  them  as  trustee  for 
her  son.  Sir  Francis  Hamilton,  to  whom  they  had  been 
bequeathed  by  his  grandfather,  Sir  Alexander  Hamilton. 
This  fact  is  stated  in  the  inquisition  above  quoted,  as 
follows: — **The  said  Alexander,  20th  of  July,  1621,  did 
graunt  unto  Sir  Francis  Hamilton,  knt.  and  baronet, 
Sonne  and  heir  unto  the  said  Claude  Hamilton,  deceased, 
second  sonne  to  the  said  Sir  Alexander  (amongst  other 
things),  the  said  manors  and  proportions  of  landes  called 
Clonkine  and  Carrotubber,  with  all  the  townes  unto  the 
same  belonging,  with  the  advoution  and  right  of  patron- 
age of  the  rectorie  or  church  of  Kilshandrie  al'  Kiltawnagh. 

.  .  The  said  Sir  Francis  is  now  the  reputed  and 
knowne  freeholder  and  tenant  in  possession  of  the  manors 
and  proportions  aforesaid  ;  and  the  said  Sir  Francis,  Sir 
Arthur  Forbesse,  knt.  and  baronet,  in  right  of  the  lady, 
Jane  Forbesse,  mother  of  the  said  Sir  Francis,  and  their 
assignes,  are  now  in  quiet  possession  thereof.  The  said 
poll  of  land  called  Killeshandra  doth  lie  within  the  next 
adjoining  the  proportions  aforesaid,  and  the  same  was 
held  and  possessed  with  the  same  proportions  untill  it 
was  found  out  to  be  a  concealment,  and  afterwards  by 
letters  patent  granted  by  John  Hamilton  (of  Corronery 
or  Hansborrow),  on  the  loth  of  July,  1615.  The  said 
John  Hamilton  did  sell  and  alien  forever  all  his 
right  and  interest  in  Killashandragh  to  Sir  Francis 
Hamilton."  It  was  also  found  by  this  inouisition  that  it 
would  be  very  convenient  for  the  inhabitants  of  these 
proportions,  and  a  great  furtherance  of  the  plantation,  to 
have  the  weekly  market,  then  held  at  Killeshandra  on 
Monday,  altered  to  Wednesday ;  and  the  yearly  fairs 
there  held  on  St  Simon's  and  St  Jude's  Days  continued. 


together  with  another  fair  on  St  Bamaby's  Day.  It  was 
represented  that  these  fairs  and  markets  would  not  pre- 
judice any  others,  **  there  not  being  anie  town  or  place 
within  8  myles  distant  of  the  said  towne  of  Killeshandra." 
It  was  also  found  that  it  would  be  a  very  convenient  ar- 
rangement for  the  inhabitants  to  have  a  weekly  market 
every  Saturday,  and  two  fairs  yearly,  at  a  place  called 
Serebaghy  in  the  proportion  of  Carratubber,  the  first  fair 
to  be  held  on  Ascension  Day  and  the  other  on  St 
Andrew's  Day  "there  not  being  anie  faires  or  markytts 
upon  anie  of  these  dales  kept  at  anie  towne  or  place 
within  8  myles  distant  of  the  towne  of  Serebagh."  On 
the  17th  June,  163 1,  a  re-grant  was  made  to  Sir  Francis 
Hamilton  of  the  three  proportions  called  Clonkine,  Car- 
rotubber, and  Clonyne  alias  Taghleigh  ;  the  lands  to  be 
created  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Castle- 
kaylaghe,  enjoying  all  manorial  rights  and  privileges. 

(57).  Dwelling  therein, — Respecting  her  place  of  resid- 
ence in  Cavan,  which  she  occupied  during  her  widow- 
hood, we  have  the  following  account  from  me  inquisition 
already  quoted: — "Since  the  time  of  the  graunts  made 
unto  the  said  Sir  Alexander  Hamilton  and  Sir  Claud 
Hamilton,  there  hath  bein  built  upon  the  pole  of  land 
called  Killaugh  al'  Castle-Killagh,  within  the  said  propor- 
tion of  Clonkeyne,  by  the  said  Sir  Alexander  and  his 
assigns,  one  bawne  of  lyme  and  stone  60  foote  square  and 
12  foote  in  height ;  and  within  the  same  is  built  a  fayre 
and  sufficient  castle  or  capital!  mansion  house  of  lyme 
and  stone,  four  storyes  in  height,  with  flankers  and 
turretts  for  the  better  defence  thereof,  and  two  turretts  of 
lyme  and  stone  upon  the  wall,  for  defence  thereof ;  and 
alsoe  a  towne  consisting  of  34  English-like  houses,  and 
British  inhabitants  dwelling  within  the  same,  upon  the 
pole  of  land  called  Killshandra,  where  the  said  market ts 
and  fayers  are  kept." 

(58).  Freeholders^  6. — The  inquisition  names  four  free- 
holders found  on  these  two  small  proportions  of  Clonkine 
and  Carrowtubbcr  in  1629,  viz.,  George  Griffin^  Francis 
Cofyn^  Stephen  Hunt^  and  Richard  Lighterfooty  to  whom 
Sir  Alexander  Hamilton  had  granted  deeds  of  feofiinent 
by  Claud  Hamilton,  his  son  and  attorney. 


470 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Lessees,  25  (59),  viz.,  Men.    (See  note  39). 

2  having  144  acres  le  piece.  Fourteen  of  the  Heads  of  these 

3  having  96  acres.  families  have  now  taken  the  Oath 
14  having  48  acres  le  piece.  of  Supremacy  (60). 

4  having  96  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  24  acres  le  piece. 

XXXIII.  1,000  Acres. 
Sir  Claude  Hamilton  was  first  Patentee  (see  p.  307,  and  preceding  notes).  The  said  Jane 
Hamilton  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Clomny  (61).  There  is  no  Castle  built  (62),  but  there  is  a 
Town  consisting  of  22  Houses ;  but  the  Inhabitants  have  no  Estates  as  yet,  for  she  alledgeth  she 
can  not  make  them  any,  her  son  being  under  Age ;  but  hereafter  they  shall  [have  estates]  (63) ; 
and  in  the  mean  time  ten  of  the  principal  of  these  have  taken  the  Oath  of  Supremacy  (64).  Each 
of  these  have  a  House  and  Garden  Plot,  with  four  acres  of  Land  and  Commons  for  some  Cows. 

XXXIV.     2,000  Acres. 
Alexander  dud/ohn  Aghmaotie  YftxQ  the  first  Patentees  (65),  (see  p.  307).    James  CroiQ^Kut, 


(59).  I^ssfcSy  2$. — The  inquisition  names  only  four  of 
these  lessees,  viz.,  Stephen  and  Susan  Hunt  for  the  term 
of  their  natural  lives ;  and  Adam  Maunderson^  John 
McVittvf,  and  John  Achcson^  each  for  a  term  of  21  years. 
These  leases  were  granted  from  Sir  Alexander,  **by  the 
Lady  Jane  Forbesse,  then  called  by  the  name  of  Tane 
Hamilton,  widow,  relicte  of  the  said  Claud  Hamilton, 
and  attorney  lawfully  authorized  by  the  said  Sir  Alexander." 

(60).  Supremacy,  — On  this  subject  we  have  the  following 
account  from  the  inauisition  of  1629 : — **The  said  Sir 
Francis  Hamilton,  John  Acheson,  Job.  McVittye,  Adam 
Maunderson,  Richanl  Lighterfoote,  Stephen  Hunt,  Francis 
Cofj-n,  nor  Geo.  Griffm,  did  take,  within  one  yere  before 
the  several  graunts  aforesaid,  nor  within  six  months  after, 
the  said  oath  of  supremacy,  wherefore  the  said  Sir  Alex. 
Hamilton  the  conditions  and  provisoes  in  the  letters 
patents  did  brcake,  whereby  the  premises  unto  the  late 
King,  and  unto  Charles  that  now  is,  did  escheate  and 
come.'' 

(61).  Clomny. — This  proportion  in  a  few  years  often 
changed  hands,  after  its  original  demise  from  the  Crown. 
On  the  I4ih  of  August,  1610,  the  premises,  correctly 
called  Clonvn  aV  Taughleaf^h^  were  granted  by  patent 
to  Sir  Claud  Hamilton,  son  of  Sir  Alexander  Hamilton 
al)ove  name<l.  Sir  Claud,  on  the  30th  of  October,  161 1, 
sold  this  proportion  to  J^hn  Hamilton^  of  Corronery,  in 
the  county  of  Cavan,  Esq.  "The  said  John  Hamilton, 
the  14th  I)eceml)er,  1614,  by  his  deed  of  feoffment,  did 
cnfcotfe  William  La^iHlt-r  of  Belhaven,  in  Scotland,  of 
the  said  manor  and  proi>orti<m  to  hould  unto  the  said 
\Villiam  his  heirs  an<l  as:»igns  for  ever."  William  Law- 
der  (lied  on  the  30th  of  March,  161 8,  and  his  son 
Alexander,  who  succeede<l  him,  sold  the  property  on 
the  1st  of  April,  in  the  same  year,  to  Sir  Alexander 
Hamilton,  whose  heir  and  grandson, Sir  Francis  Hamilton 
had  thus  restored  to  him  what  had  been  sold  by  his  father, 
Sir  Claude. 


(62).  N'o  castle  built. — Although  there  was  no  'capitall 
mansion'  erected  on  thb  proportion  at  the  time  of  I^fnws 
survey  and  report,  it  was  found  by  inquisition  in  1619^ 
that  '*upon  the  pole  of  land  called  Derendreheid,  puod 
of  the  proportion  of  Clonyn,  there  is  built  a  l»wne  ii  tjrne 
and  stone  60  foote  in  breadth,  120  in  length,  and  10  ii 
height ;  and  a  stone  house  of  two  storyes  in  height,  irilk 
4  turretts  at  each  quarter,  for  and  in  full  perlbrauuwe  d 
the  said  plantation  of  all  the  said  proportions  of  Gonkiy, 
Carrotuboer,  and  Clonyn." 

(63).  Shail  have  estates, — This  promise  appeani  fam 
the  inquisition,  to  have  been  afterwards  performed  at  kvl 
to  some  extent.  Gearge  Lawder  is  named  as  a  frechoUcr 
of  two  poles ;  George  Lynford  and  Tkowgas  Cmpa^  {ot 
leases  for  the  terms  of  thirty  years  and  twenty-nine  ycii% 
respectively. 

(64).  Supremacy. — It  was  found  by  the  inqoisiiaBi 
already  quoted,  that  neither  the  owner  nor  oocapien  of 
this  property  had  taken  the  necessary  oath,  and  therefcRi 
that  It  escheated  and  was  vested  again  in  the  Crown,  (/afv- 
sitions  of  Ulster^  Cavan,  (24)  Car.  I. )  In  161 1,  Caitv  n* 
ported  of  these  Hamiltons,  father  and  son,  as  follows  ^- 
''Sir  Alexander  Hamilton,  knight,  2,000  acres  in  tk 
county  of  Ca\'an  ;  has  not  appeared  ;  his  son  CUnde  took 
possession,  and  brought  two  tenants,  three  serrutSi  iii 
six  artificers  ;  Ls  in  tuuid  with  building  a  mill,  trees  fdled ; 
hath  a  minister,  but  not  yet  allowed  by  the  bishop ;  hM 
raised  stones,  and  hath  competent  arms  in  readiiok 
Besides,  there  are  arrived  upon  that  pro|x>rtiun  siaoe  ov 
return  [to  Dublin]  from  the  journey  (as  we  are  infonaeik 
twelve  tenants  and  artificers  who  intend  to  reside  tho^ 
and  to  build  upon  the  same." 

(65).  Patentees.— Oi  these  brothen,  Carew,  in  1611. 
rei>orts  : — "John  Auchmothy  and  Alexander  Andnodqf. 
1000  [apiece]  ;  have  not  appeared ;  James  Craigiebthv 
deputy  for  five  years,  who  nas  brought  four  artiknflf 
divers  sorts,   with  their  wives  and  &milic%  nd 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


471 


2,000  acres  called  Drumheda  and  Kilagh  (66).  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  built  a 
;  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  75  feet  square,  16  feet  high,  and  four  round  Towers  to 
the  wall.  He  hath  also  a  strong  and  large  Castle  of  the  length  of  the  Bawne,  20  feet  broad 
I  the  walls,  and  five  stories  high.  There  is  another  House  in  building  within  the  Bawne, 
is  now  built  to  the  Top  of  the  wall,  and  shall  be  a  Platform  for  two  small  Pieces  [of  cannon]. 
I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants,  which  are  resident  (68), 


s.     Stone   raised  for  building  a   mill  ;  and  trees 

a  walled  house  with  a  smith's  forge  built ;  four 

and   marcs   upon   the  ground  ;    with   competent 

Craig  became  the  o\vner  of  these  proportions,  as 

t  learn  from  Pynnar. 

DrumJuda  and  Kilagh. — Alexander  Aghmootie 
;  proportion  of  Dromheada  to  James  Craig  on  the 
f  August,  1610  ;  and  John  Aghmootie  sold  his 
ion  of  Kilagh  or  Keylagh,  to  the  same  purchaser, 

1 6th  of  August  1 6 10 — not  long  after  the  these 
ikers  had  taken  out  their  patents.  In  addition  to 
xtensive  lands,   James   Craig  purchased   8  poles 

native  named  Brian  M*Kergeren,  who  had  re- 
a  grant  of  this  property  from  the  Crown.  The 
f  these  8  poles  were  Dronge,  Cornacran,  Come- 
lontegrigenie,  Derranlaster,  Dromlara,  Ardlogher, 
illneskellan,  and  Killegaman.  On  the  26th  of 
163 1,  a  re-grant  was  made  to  Sir  James  Craige, 
ne  Mary  his  wife,  of  the  two  small  proportions  of 
h  and  Dromheda,  each  containing  1,000  acres,  and 
rtion  called  Dronge,  containing  400  acres  ;  the 
)  be  created  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor 
'.lecraige,  with  all  manorial  rights  and  privileges; 
be  held  pursuant  to  the  conditions  of  tne  planta- 

Ulster.  Dronge  contained  the  several  parcels 
^ghanerrie,  Knocknecolom,  Tawneskregrie,  Tan- 
ick,  Knocknever,  and  Cortrasse ;  KtlUgaman 
ed  the  separate  parcels  called  Aghowleg,  Aghe- 
Gillcgaman,  Monenemullagh,  and  Camillcale ; 
ran  contained  the  several  parcels  Aghogreagh, 
'e,  Margebochcgin,  Tawchoboune,  Genganby, 
ggin,  and  Monevalle,  Leycreagh,  and  Knockne- 
ClonUgtHgonie  contained  the  several  parcels  called 
itmaght,  Tawnelagh,  and  Aghbellenagheneddie ; 
\er  and  Killneskillen  contained  the  several  parcels 
Lismole,  Gortinfadlany,  Aghemorelismole,  Mul- 
iroen,  Derrj-velim,  [  ],  Gatinetubber, 

laltan,  Cathrasnen,  and  Boylenane  ;  Derranlaster 
ed  the  several  parcels  called  Knockcollen,  Shee- 
rradus,  Kerrinkeister,  Corlemadrum,  Aghanmore, 
rrinkeister  ;  Drombara  contained  the  several  par- 
lled  Mullaghdownleglen,  Aghamullen,  Drum- 
n,  Drumlarregarrow,  and  Gurtincorleagh ;  and 
jh  contained  the  several  parcels  called  Knock- 
',  Carlea,  Comeskear,  and  Aghacameagh.  (/«- 
tj  of  Ulster^  Cavan,  (27)  Car.  I.)  The  bordering 
"  Sir  James  Craig  and  Sir  Francis  Hamilton  be- 

0  some  extent,  debateable  ground,  on  which  these 
waged   a   fierce   controversy  for  a  time  on   the 

1  of  mearings.  It  was  found  by  inquisition,  (24) 
— *'  That  the  two  poles  of  Derrywyle  or  Derryweill 
itayne  two  poles  of  lande  distinctly  called  by  the 


several  names  following  [rather  containing  the  following 
several  parcels],  viz.,  Culnahoma,  Dromcassidie,  Gortny, 
Culneneni,  Cormonagh,  Curierin,  Curiarte,  CumemuUie, 
Curranna,  and  Coanespidocke.  These  have  been  occu- 
pied as  part  of  the  proportion  of  Cloyn  al'  Taughleagh, 
until  of  late  they  have  been  wrongfuUie  withheld  and 
possessed  by  Sir  James  Craige,  Knight,  and  his  assigns. 
The  lands  of  Dromany  and  Codrum,  likewise  possessed 
by  the  said  Sir  James  Craige  as  parcel!  of  his  proportion  of 
Dromheada,  are  two  other  distinct  whole  poles  of  land, 
and  have  been  ever  soe  called,  knowne,  and  distinguished 
from  the  said  two  poles  of  Derryweill,  and  neither  of 
them,  in  noe  part  nor  any  wise,  bcloneinge  unto  the 
other. "    Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Cavan,  (28)  Car.  I. 

(67).  Small  Pieces. — An  inquisition— (27)  Car.  I. — 
states  that,  in  1629,  Sir  James  Craig  had  built  a  castle, 
on  the  parcell  of  his  property  called  Croghan,  35  feet  in 
height,  within  a  circuit  or  enclosure  of  240  feet  in  cir- 
cumference. 

(68).  Are  resident, — By  the  inquisition — (27)  Car.  I., 
there  is  no  mention  whatever  of  any  British  families  being 
settled  in  1629  on  Sir  James  Craig's  lands ;  but  there  is 
the  following  list  of  the  names  of  such  natives  as  were 
there  and  then  accommodated  with  portions  of  land,  viz. , 
Bryan  bane  McKeman,  the  pole  of  Croghan  ;  Gille  oge 
McKeman,  the  pole  of  Dourany ;  Eugene  boy  O'Rely, 
the  pole  of  Laghin  ;  Corhonagh  McKeman,  the  polls  of 
Teighabane,  Nullaghdow,  Aghadruvie,  Mockane,  Mac- 
hemagh,  and  the  J4  pole  of  Dromynan  ;  [  ] 

McKeman,  the  pole  of  Keylagh  ;  Brian  oge  McKeman, 
the  pole  of  Dromartragh ;  Donagh  McKeman,  ^  of  the 
pole  of  Clovagh ;  Eugene  McCahill  McKernan,  the  polls 
of  Clonkenie,  [  ],  and  Killengrosse ;  FarrcU 

oge  McKeman,  the  polls  of  Tutreagh,  Carontonie,  Kill- 
negrahan,   and  [  ] ;  John  McEdmond  oge 

McKeman,  the  two  poles  of  Listcman  ;  William  McKer- 
nan, Teig  McKeman,  and  Thomas  McShane  bim 
McKernan,  Dromfarte  %  pole,  Quitemore,  %,  and 
[  \%%{.  ]  McKeman  and  Pat 

McKeman,  Dromiife,  %  a  pole,  and  Cadarin,  %,  pole ; 
Donald  McMaister  and  Wm.  McMaister,  Loghnafinny  % 
pole,  and  Coromaghin,  %,  pole ;  Cahir  McShane,  John 
Doy  McBryan,  and  Eugene  McThomas,  the  polls  of 
Dawnonaironagh  and  Agycorr  ;  Donald  oge  and  Eugene 
McComiick  oge  McKeman,  the  polls  of  Annaghcarcran, 
Derrylane,  and  Corryn  ;  Donnell  McKeman,  and 
[  ],   Dromheadan  and  Tullagh,  one  pole; 

Eugene  McThomas  reagh,  Caher  McShane  and  [ 

]  boy  McBryen,  and  Wm.  McFarrell  McKeman, 
the  polls  of  Tull^nneva^h,  Portleaghell,  and  Derrirkell ; 
Mullagher  McMaister,  Pnelim  McMaister,  and  Chonono- 
hort  McKeman,  the  polls  of  Carrawdonagh,  Drommany, 


472 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Total,  33  Families  are  resident 
on  the  Land,  and  axe  able  to  make 
loo  men. 


Freeholders,  5,  viz., 
I  having  96  acres. 
3  having  48  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  24  acres. 

Lessees,  7,  viz., 
I  having  168  acres. 
3  having  48  acres  le  piece. 
3  having  24  acres  le  piece. 

Cottagers,  21. 
Each  of  these  has  a  House  and  Backside,  with  Commons 
for  greasing  of  cows. 

XXXV.     1,000  Acres. 
John  Browne  was  first  Patentee  (69).     Archibald  Atcheson^  Esq.^   hath    1,000  acres,  caDed 
Carrowdownan  (70).     Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  Bawne  of- Stone  and  Clay,  being  100 


and  Crodram  ;  Eugene  McCormick  oge  McKeman,  the 
^  of  the  pole  of  Boheron ;  Dermod  McKelly,  the  pole 
of  Ardra ;  and  Eugene  McCormuck  boye,  and  Wm. 
McCormuck  boye,  the  pole  of  Dromgiloskie. 

(69).  Patentee, — See  p.  308.     Carew's  account  of  John 
Browne  is  "that  in  161 1,  he  had  sent  an  agent  who  took 

{>ossession,  set  the  lands  to  the  Irish,  returned  into  Scot- 
and,  and  performed  nothing." 

(70).  Carrowdownan, — Archibald  Acheson  is  repre- 
sented by  an  inquisition — (31)  Car.  I. — as  purchasing  this 
proportion  from  John  Browne  on  the  loth  of  December, 
1628  ;  but  there  must  be  a  mistake  in  this  date,  as  Pynnar 
mentions  that  the  lands  were  in  Acheson *s  possession 
earlier  than  1620.  Indeed  it  is  well  ascertained  that  he 
owned  this  proportion  from  the  year  161 2.  Sir  Archibald 
originally  belonged  to  a  place  called  Goose-ford,  or 
Guisefoord,  in  the  county  of  Haddington.  In  1628  he 
was  created  a  baronet  of  Nova  Scotia,  and  enjoyed  in 
succession  the  several  high  positions,  in  Scotland,  of 
Solicitor-General,  Senator  of  the  Collt^e  of  Justice,  and 
Joint-Secretary  of  State.  **He  possessed  a  large  and 
elceant  mansion  in  the  Cannongate  of  Edinburgh,  which 
still  remains,  presenting  over  the  doorway  a  crest  exhibit- 
ing the  figure  of  a  cock  mounted  on  a  trumpet,  with  the 
motto  ll^ilantibusy  and  the  date  1633.  Over  two  upper 
windows  are  the  letters  S.  A.  A.,  and  D.  M.  H.,  the 
initials  of  Sir  Archibald  Acheson  and  his  wife  Dame 
Margaret  Hamilton.  Sir  Archibald  died  at  Letterkenny, 
county  Donegal,  in  1634.  He  left  two  sons,  viz., 
Patrick,  who  succeeded  him,  and  died  in  1 638,  and 
George,  third  baronet,  and  owner  of  the  Irish  estates." 
The  following  notice  of  Sir  Archibald  and  his  family  was 
written  after  his  death  by  Sir  John  Scott  of  Scotstarvet: — 
*'  Sir  Archibald  Acheson  of  Glencaimey,  conjunct  secre- 
tary with  the  said  Earl  of  Stirling,  enjoyed  the  place 
but  few  years,  and  had  no  land  in  Scotland,  but 
some  four  hundred  pounds  sterling  in  Ireland  of  the  Earl 
of  Tyrone's  lands.  His  eldest  son  was  of  great  expecta- 
tion, having  married  a  rich  heiress  in  England.  He  died 
the  first  year  of  their  marriage,  without  issue.     Of  his 


second  wife,  Sir  William  Hamilton's  daughter,  he  had 
but  one  son,  George ;  but  his  mother  turned  Papist  after 
Sir  Archibald's  death,  and  said  she  had  ▼entured  her  sool 
for  an  Acheson,     He  died  of  a  pestilential  fever ;  and  it 
is  thought  that  his  son  George  shall  get  nothing  of  that 
estate,  it  being  all  destroyed  by  war  in  the  late  [164O 
troubles."  (See  Scotstanret's  Staggering State^^fJ,)  Bit 
Sir  John  Scott  was  mistaken  in  supposing  that  Sir  Geone 
Acheson  would  lose  the  family  property  in  Ulster.    Hb 
representatives,  now  earls  of  Gosford,  continue  to  cnjoT 
their  broad  lands  in  the  counties  of  Cavan  and  Anufb 
at  the  present  day.     The  earl  that  now  [in  1876]  M 
offered  the  Cavan  estate  for  sale.      The  serend  pokt 
of  which  this  proportion  was  made  up  cnnfiinfn,  ■ 
each  case,  a  number  of  distinct  parcels  known  fay  the 
following  names : — "  The  pole  of  Tagktcoskay  was  abo 
called   Tecosker,   of  wUcn  Knocknelagog^   Ferrifiny, 
Aughinlagh,  Cloncullen,  Arvaghbeg,  Arvagfanuxe,  and 
Knockulguin  were  paicells.      The    pole  of  Tmdra^ 
is    also  called   Tonelitragh,   and   Corhooge,  of  which 
Comecamgragh,   Derricloygh,   Annagfamoman,  GvitCB* 
more,  [  ],  Moneycletlo^  Tewafi^  ToQi|^ 

boy,  Bellaghcorlea,  Skenaghesk,  Garragfa,  Conilbriiaat 
BaJlachnaknok,  and  Seshi^h,  are  parcei&  /}iwAiw 
was  also  called  Coullisbrenton,  and  contained  the  paitdi 
of  Aghengreagh,  Corleagh,  Craphogagfa,  GnitenfiuU, 
Tonemaccarmick,  Cudroawg^an,  GaigyaghneKrymoge, 
and  Skregg.  Garrownerye  is  also  calira  Corronerre, 
and  contains  the  parcels  of  Cloneyn,  Gannan,  Ang^ikia- 
tecre,  and  Corrynarrymore.  Gartoilogk  contains  the 
parcels  of  Garteame,  Anneyghdll,  Teivecanib,  Tonalcia, 
Keldragh,  Tonaghboy,  Kilgarve,  Leevone,  and  Gaites- 
knok.  FarrongarronaugfUra  contains  the  parods  cdled 
Aghvonteaskyn,  Taimiaghnesoll,  Gobnecurr,  Qoviagh, 
Gortenmorenedoyrin,  Gortenmeenedoyrin*  Skngnriefl* 
kenan,  Cormoynecloyrin,  Stragfamonednff,  Knodmondcr- 
bullin,  and  Knocknemollan.  Fat-roMgarriMngkirm  ooft* 
tains  the  parcds  called  Lafin!)egrowaght  iCnodoMahervokCb 
Tawnaghboy,  Coraegh,  Spencokagh,  ruiiiilimiiilligif 
ewir,  Moneinlehan,  and  Townagfanaowle. 


PYNNAR'S    SURVEY. 


473 


feet  square,  with  four  Flankers,  and  9  feet  high,  standing  upon  a  Mountain  (71).  Here  is 
planted  upon  this  Land  both  English  and  Scottish  \  but  they  have  not  taken  out  their  Leases, 
which  I  saw  drawn  and  signed,  and  so  many  Tenants  were  named  (72). 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
1  having  144  acres. 

1  having  120  acres.  Total,  21  Families,  consisting  of 

Lessees  for  years,  19,  viz.,  28  Men. 

4  having  50  acres  le  piece.  Eight    of    these    Tenants    have 

2  having  48  acres  jointly.  taken  the  Oath  of  Supremacy. 

5  having  30  acres  le  piece.  The  rest   refused  till  they  have 

3  having  36  acres  le  piece.  taken  out  their  Leases. 

2  having  48  acres  jointly. 

3  having  48  acres  le  piece. 

The  Precinct  of  TuUagha  (73),  allotted  to  Servitors  and  Natives. 

XXXVL     1,500  Acres. 
Captain  Culme  and   Walter  Talbott,  have   1,500  Acres,  called  Balleconnel  (74).     Upon  this 
Proportion  there  is  built  a  strong   Bawne  100  feet  square,    12  feet  high,  with  two   Flankers, 
and  within  the  Bawne  a  strong  Castle  of  Lime  and  Stone  three  stories  high  :  This   standeth 
in  a  very  good  and  convenient  place  for  the  strength  and  service  of  the  Countrey. 


also  called  Drommalt,  and  contains  Dromnefalla,  Derrene- 
do3me,  Knoknegroggah,  Droonan,  Balaness,  Tcwboy, 
Cunnena,  Tewnemoone,  Cronekillan,  Corgiaghbeg, 
Corgiaghmore,  Cloyragh,  Knokwhossan,  Knokgilheeny, 
Shentonagh,  Droneyn,  Dirlester,  Ghengan.  Knokne- 
kearoe,  Reaske,  Polfaddaghym,  Keiller,  Gortenkeiller, 
Keankiller,  Knocknacullen,  Knokmundebalgan,  and 
Knockmullen.  Kilsheverin  is  also  called  Cormort,  and 
contains  the  parcels  of  Drorahallagh,  Knockcnunmer, 
Corcnllentragh,  Knockanowle,  and  Liscormore.  Lecke 
contains  the  parcels  called  Leckyn,  Carricknuske,  Knok- 
toggill,  Corgyaghleckyn,  Tawnaghome,  Tawnaghbyn, 
Kearkeele,  Tassan,  Dromshinagh,  Tawnaghtott,  and 
Graphc^gh.  Cashell  and  Creven  contain  the  several 
parcels  called  Gortinneback,  Crosckoyle,  Knagowell, 
Gortennewagh,  Corliss,  Cargyagh-kin,  Taghreagh,  and 
Dromghirge.  Corridonoghy  contains  the  parcels  called 
Aghnecrosse,  Dromcaggyn,  Gobgarrow,  Gortinfecnog, 
Aughnacrossoughtra,  Loghdromcaggin,  Aughnacrosseigh- 
tra,  Quillagh,  Corrilow,  Camrowghan,  Aughkilbrwyne, 
Knokithomas,  Knokocossan,  and  Dowlisis.  Corveonagh 
contains  the  parcels  called  Corriaghy,  Aughnecloygh, 
Cortra,  Greoghgemie,  Knoknavagh,  Carricknoffring, 
Carrickocury,  and  Corggaghbane.  Dromgoha  is  also 
called  Dromyough,  and  contains  Gortenconnoghro,  Mul- 
lenemerock,  and  [  ].     Aughacarran  contains 

Dromgawnagh,  Aghdromphirre,  Gortintissan,  and  Lis- 
girvagh.  Dromchree  contains  Dromshcile,  Cargyagh, 
Gortinleclan,  Kildragh,  and  Moneyloyske.  And  Drom- 
bary  contains  Tawnaghnecarde  and  Golandrombary. 
K    2 


Dromtallowin  [  ]  Tewaghow   and  CordufF 

are  parcels  of  Brenchill"    Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Cavan, 
(31)  Car.  I. 

(71).  Upon  a  Mountain,  — Although  this  bawne  occupied 
a  position  so  conspicuous,  it  did  not  attract  any  notice 
from  those  who  held  the  inquisition  above  quoted,  and 
who  assembled  for  the  purpose  of  holding  their  meeting  at 
Killeshandra,  on  the  29th  of  Sept.,  1630. 

(72).  Were  named, — The  inquisition  already  mentioned 
contains  no  reference  to  any  tenants  occupying  this  propor- 
tion in  1630 — Englbh,  Irish,  or  Scotch. 

(73).  Tullagha, — ^The  south-eastern  districts  of  this 
barony  are  picturesaue  and  attractive,  containing  generally 
very  good  land,  which  was  wholly  appropriated  by  the 
servitors ;  but  the  central  and  north-western  districts, 
which  fell  to  the  lot  of  the  natives,  consist  generally  of 
mountainous  and  moorish  tracts,  which  even  now  retain 
their  wild  and  dismal  appearance. 

(74).  Balleconnel. — See  p.  338.  This  proportion  is 
called  Beallaconnell  in  an  inquisition — (29)  Car.  I. — and 
is  mentioned  as  having  been  let  by  Walter  Talbott,  on 
the  1st  of  September,  1612,  to  John  Talbott  of  Agher,  in 
the  countv  of  Meath,  and  Walter  Brett  of  Dublin. 
Walter  Talbott  died  on  the  26th  of  June,  1625,  and  was 
succeeded  by  his  son  and  heir,  James  Talbott,  then  only 
10  years  of  age. 


474 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


XXXVII.  2,000  Acres. 

Si'r  Richard  and  Sir  George  Grimes  have  2,000  Acres  (75).     Upon  this  there  is  built  a  Bawne 
of  Stone  and  Lime,  60  feet  square,  and  10  feet  high,  with  a  little  House  in  it 

XXXVIII.  1,000  Acres. 

William  Parsons^  Esq,,  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Larga,     It  is  between  divers  Men,  fw  it 
was  granted  for  Concealments,  and  they  were  not  bound  to  build  at  all  (76). 

XXXIX.     1,000  Acres. 
Afagauran  (77),  a  Native,  hath  1,000  acres.     And  upon  this  he  hath  built  a  strong  and  good 
house  of  Lime  and  Stone,  with  a  Ditch  cut  up  about  it. 


(75).  2,ooQ  Acres, — Seep.  337.  These  lands  were  divided 
between  the  brothers.  Sir  Richard,  the  elder  was  styled 
oi  Corismorgatiy  in  the  county  of  Cavan,  and  owned  20  poles, 
viz. ,  Corismorgan,  one  pole  ;  Kilsob,  4  poles ;  Kilkryne, 
Killsallagh,  one  pole  ;  Drymcmagh,  one  pole  ;  Moylagh, 
two  poles  ;  Outnekally,  one  pole  ;  Dr}'mussy,  one  pole ; 
Drimcorbe,  one  pole ;  Druinbarry,  one  pole ;  Drom- 
bochus,  one  pole ;  Oughragh,  one  pole ;  Clonkye,  one 
pole;  MuUy,  one  pole;  Cordirricorich,  one  pole;  and 
Drimcaske,  one  pole.  Sir  Richard  Grimes  [Graham] 
died  on  the  7th  of  November,  1625,  and  was  succcetled  by 
his  son  Thomas,  then  forty  years  of  age,  and  married. 
(Sec  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Cavan,  (13)  Car.  I.)  George 
Graham  had  also  twenty  ix)les,  viz.,  Brackly  one  pole ; 
Camerag,  one  pole  ;  Gortnefreighane,  one  pole ;  Corris- 
morgan,  one  pole ;  Kilsallagh,  one  pole  ;  Mullaowtra, 
one  pole ;  Corr,  one  pole ;  Tawnyreaske,  one  pole ; 
Aghowlogh,  one  pole ;  Gorlmone,  one  pole ;  ana  ten 
poles  in  Noclone.  George  Grimes  or  Graham  died  on 
Uie  9th  of  October,  1624,  and  was  succeeded  by  his 
son  William,  then  30  years  of  age,  and  unmarried.  {In- 
quisitions of  Ulster^  Cavan,  (14)  Car.  I.)  These  brothers. 
Sir  Richard  and  Sir  George,  were  distinguished  officers 
in  the  war  waged  against  the  Earl  of  Tyrone,  and  both 
appear  to  have  been  men  of  a  daring  and  fearless 
cnaracter.  Each  commanded  a  troop  of  horse,  under  Sir 
George  Carew,  when  the  latter  was  president  of  Munster, 
and  both  the  Grahams  are  mentioned  in  the  Pacata 
Ilibernia,  as  soldiers  of  rare  courage  and  prowess.  They 
are  also  spoken  of  in  similar  terms  by  Fynes  Moryson. 
At  the  time  of  the  grants  made  to  them  in  Ulster  as 
servitors  they  were  both  married.  Sir  Richard's  wife  was 
Elizabeth  Hetherington,  who  belonged  to  one  of  seven 
respectable  English  families  or  tribes  who  had  settled  to- 
getner  in  Queen's  county  about  the  year  1560,  the  others 
l)eing  Cosbys,  Ilartpolcs,  Bowens,  Ilovendens,  Ruishes, 
and  Harringtons.  By  his  wife  Sir  Richard  had  a  family 
of  ten  children.  His  brother.  Sir  George,  married  Jane 
Huntingfiehl,  of  Castle  Warnynge,  near  Sallins,  and  had 
by  her  a  family  of  six  children.  He  married,  as  his 
second  wife.  Miss  Crahall,  and  died  in  1619.  Towards 
the  close  of  the  reign  of  James  I.,  Sir  Richard  Graham, 
and  his  son  William,  were  actively  engaged  in  the  law- 
less and  cruel  plunder  of  the  Byrnes  of  Wicklow,  a  case 
exhibiting — as  described  by  the  protestant  historian,  Carte 
— **  such  a  scene  of  iniquity  and  cruelty,  that  it  is  scarce 
to  be  paralleled  in  any  age  or  country."    This  business 


is  generally  known  in  Irish  history  ai  The  €ut  tf  tk 
Byrnes^  and  the  story  occupies  four  folio  pages  in  Caite'i 
Life  of  the  Duke  of  Ormonde.  Althou^  Sir  Richiid 
Graham  had  several  accomplices  to  inspire  and  ant  is 
the  robbenr,  he  appears  to  have  commenced  the  voA 
single-handed,  or  only  with  the  co-operatioo  of  Us  ddot 
son  William,  who  had  married  Jane  Browne  of  Milias- 
kan,  and  who  appears  to  have  been  a  ilagitiaa 
and  inhuman  man,  worthy  in  all  respects  of  sodi  t 
father.  Felim  and  Bryan  O'Byme,  whom  bj  bfae 
witnesses,  they  immured  for  many  yean  in  a  duBgeaii 
were  gentlemen  of  ancient  blood  and  high  poritioB  ii 
the  county  of  Wicklow.  The  Grahams,  and  otbea» 
among  whom  Sir  William  Parsons  occnfried  a  very  "tad 
eminence,"  coveted  the  beautiful  and  attractive  etfato of 
the  Byrnes,  Parsons  procurii^  a  commission  from  the 
Crown,  on  the  all^ations  of  certain  'ditcoveren' to 
inquire  into  the  title  of  these  gentlemen  to  their  hcrefr 
tary  property.  This  was  all  Parsons  required,  and  ii 
the  cunning  exercise  of  his  functions  as  commissioo0r,  k 
got  the  Byrnes  imprisoned  for  many  3rears,  during  wUdbtk 
wife  of  one  of  the  captives  died  of  grief,  and  hehadkiHR 
to  divide  the  victims*  lands  among  the  Grahams  and  tvo 
other  s|>oliators  named  Esroonde  and  Belling,  PanomloB* 
self  retaining  the  most  desirable  portion,  andtakiiuF  auet» 
secure  it  irretrievably  to  himselfl  Whilst  the  Gnbas 
and  the  others  soon  lost  their  "  ill-gotten  gains* **  Pusw 
secured  a  grant  by  patent  of  his  diare  of  the  spoil,  Ui 
manor  of  Carrick  having  been  part  of  the  Bynes*  no- 
perty,  in  right  of  which  he  [Parsons]  was  letumed  N.P. 
for  the  county  of  Wicklow  in  l6ia  See  Carte's  lifnf 
OrmotuUf  vol.  i,  p.  27;  Burke's  KArun/iMfry,  third  i 
pp.  150-56. 

(76).  6uilJ  at  all. — ^This  property  belonging  to 
was  afterwards  known  as  tne  manor  of  /hmmtr  and  /ter^ 
sontowne  al'  Corcashell,  in  the  barony  of  Ttfla^ 
He  let  it  off  to  tenants  who  had  discovered  its  sefcnl 
parcels  to  be  concealed  landi^  and  there  lore  ndtber  k 
nor  they  were  bound  by  plantation  regulatioiis  as  to  bald- 
ing thereon.  Inquintimis  of  Ulster^  Caraiit  (3nd4) 
Car.  II. 

(77).  Magauran, — See  p.  339.  This  was  ftdiB 
Macgauran,  who  died  in  January,  i6aa-t3,  aad  wM 
succeeded  by  his  son  Brian,  then  10  jean  of  m  ui 
married.  Brian  married  Maty  O  Bnen,  and  died  ia 
1631,  his  son  and  heir,  Edward,  being  then  15  ycvsof 
age.    InquisiHom  afUltUr^  Cavan,  (10)  and  (414  Ctt  I* 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


475 


County  of   Fermanagh. 

The  Precinct  of  Knockniny^  allotted  to  Scottish  Undertakers  (see  p.  203). 

XL.     3,000  Acres. 
The  Lord  Burligh  was  first  Patentee.     Sir  James  Bdforii  (78),  Knight ^  hath    1,000   acres 
I  Carro7vshe€^  alias  Belford^  and  2,000  acres  in  a  remote  place,  and  out  of  all  good  way  (79). 


.  Bilford. — This  was  Sir  James  Balfour,  created 
jlenawley,  and  second  son  of  Michael  Balfour  Lord 
jh  (see  p.  300).  The  latter  was  undertaker  of 
acres,  and  his  eldest  son,  Michael  Lord  Mount- 
y,  was  undertaker  for  i,ooo  acres,  but  James,  the 
.  son  above  mentioned,  appears  to  have  become 
of  the  2, OCX)  acres  owned  by  his  father,  and  to  have 
another  i ,  000  acres  to  this  estate.  H  is  elder  brother 
el,  on  getting  his  patent,  let  the  lands  of  his  pro- 
1,  called  Kilspinan,  to  Irish  tenants  by  the  year ; 
entually  sold  out  his  interest  to  Sir  Stephen  Butler. 
:  tate  of  land  called  Crum,  a  parcel  of  this  propor- 
Vlichael  Balfour  Lord  Mountwhanny  had  built  a 
61  feet  square  and  15  feet  high,  and  within  it  a 
or  capital -messuage,  22  feet  square.  Also,  on  the 
land  called  Dowhate,  he  had  built  another  mansion- 
22  feet  square  and  20  feet  in  height.  {See  Inquisi- 
f  Ulster y  Fermanagh,  (12)  Carl).  On  the  6th  of 
1626,  a  grant  to  James,  Lord  Balfour,  of  the  small 
tion  of  Carrowshee  and  other  )ands  in  the  baronies 
hrestephana,  Knocknynny,  Maghreboy,  and  Coole, 
ee  fishing  in  the  lake  or  river  of  Lough  Erne  ;  the 

0  be  called  the  manor  of  Carrowshee  ;  also  to  the 
ord  Balfour  and  dame  Anne,  his  wife,  the  great 
tion  of  Legan.  Both  proportions  to  be  held  in  free 
mmon  socage,  with  all  manorial  rights,  subject  to 
rms  for  renewal  of  grants  to  undertakers.  Two 
jarly  at  Castlebalfour,  in  Carrowshee,  and  two  at 
kvn  of  Legan,  in  the  manor  so  called.  The  other 
mentioned  in  the  grant  of  Carrowshee,  were  the 
tions  of  Dristernan,  Laytrim,  and  Kilspinan. 

All  good  way. — For  a  consideration  of  3,328/.  Sir 
Halfour  Lord  Glenawley,  demised  this  property  to 
lliam  Balfour  for  the  term  of  1,000  years  from  July, 
ind  at  the  rent  of  a  pepper  com.    He  had  previously, 

20th  of  August,   1623,  let  the  lands  called  Killy- 
and  Kilmacrannell,  the  latter  known  as  Barnehill, 
John   Wemyss,   for  the  term  of  the  natural  life  of 
ler.     Sir  James  Balfour  died  in  October,  163$,  his 

1  heir,  James,  being  then  of  age,  and  married.  In 
•n  to  the  extensive  lands  sold  for  1,000  years  to  Sir 
lalfour,  and  those  let  to  Sir  John  Wemyss,  he  demised 

parcels  to  Francis  Gouldsmith  of  Graye's  Inn,  and 
n  Hamilton,  in  trust  for  his  wife  and  family.  His 
share  of  the  property  thus  remaining  was,  at  her 
?,  to  be  enjoyed  by  their  daughter  Anne,  who  was 
1  first  to  Sir  John  Wemyss,  and  afterwards  to 
aid  Hamilton,  of  Ballygawlcy,  county  Tyrone, 
iquisitions  referring  to  this  Sir  James  Balfour, 
o  mention  of  his  buildings  nor  of  the  settlers  planted 
lands.  In  Memoirs  of  the  Life  of  yames  Spottis' 
bishop  of  Clogher,  supposed  to  be  compiled  by 
Hay,    the  bishop's  great   grandson,    this    Lord 


Balfour  of  Glenawly  figures  in  no  enviable  light.  A  few 
passages  from  the  work  now  mentioned  will  serve  not 
only  to  explain  our  remark,  but  at  the  same  time  to 
supply  some  illustrations  of  Scottish  colonist  life  in 
Fermanagh.  **Soone  after  the  Bishop  of  Clogher  his 
coming  to  Ireland  [in  1 621],  the  Lord  Balfour,  though 
an  ancient  man  of  great  age,  was  a  suitor  to  the  Lord 
Blaney's  eldest  daughter  [Anne],  a  girl  of  fifteen  years 
old.  And  though  Ix)rd  Blaney  was  informed  that  Balfour 
had  a  lady  liveing  still  in  Scotland,  yet  Balfour  affirmed 
he  was  divorced  from  her.  Primate  Hampton  [advanced 
from  the  bishoprick  of  Derry  to  the  primacy  in  1613], 
advised  Lord  Blaney,  who  was  doubtful  wlmt  he  might 
doe,  that  there  was  no  danger,  and  for  his  better  resolution, 
went  in  person  to  Castle  Blaney,  and  joined  them  together. 
The  portion  the  Lord  Blaney  promised  with  his  daughter 
was,  as  he  affirmed,  no  more  than  1,200/.,  and  that  Balfour 
would  needs  have  2,000/.  named,  promising  to  give  a 
discharge  of  the  other  800/.  But  when  the  discharge  was 
demanded,  after  the  marriage  celebrat,  which  was  done 
on  both  sides  with  more  haste  than  good  speed,  Balfour 
refused  it,  quarreld  with  Lord  Blaney  who  urged  it, 
alleging  that  Robert  [her  cousin]  had  abused  his  wife, 
both  before  his  marriage  with  her  and  after.  The  young 
lady  herself  was  brought  to  acknowledge  no  less,  her 
friends  alleging  she  was  forced  to  confess  what  her  lord 
pleased,  or  was  bewitched,  complained  to  the  Lord 
Deputy  and  estate  of  the  abuse,  and  got  the  young  lady 
to  be  sequestrat  from  her  lord  ;  whereupon  the  Lord 
Balfour  complained  to  the  King  that  the  estate  was  par- 
tiall  with  the  Lord  Blaney,  and  had  a  commission  sent 
from  England  to  examine  the  cause,  and  so  to  verifie  his 
Majestic  of  the  truth  of  all  things.  The  Bishop  of  Clogher 
was  named,  amongst  others,  one  of  the  commissioners, 
which  gave  the  Lord  Balfour  occasion  to  resort  the  more 
to  the  bishop's  house."  From  everything  known  of  this 
case,  it  would  appear  that  had  Balfour  been  promptly 
handed  the  800/.  already  mentioned,  he  would  have 
accepted  it  as  an  equivalent  for  his  wife*s  chastity ;  but 
that  he  could  not  bring  himself  to  relinquish  both.  Whilst 
the  case  was  pending  money  became  so  very  scarce  with 
Lord  Balfour  that,  as  we  are  further  informed,  he  **made 
a  heavy  moan  unto  the  bishop,  and  borrowed  first  but  a 
little,  but  by  degrees  skrewed  himself  in  more  and  more ; 
and  at  last  finding  the  bishop  to  be  weary  of  lending,  he 
offered  the  bishop  a  bargain  he  had  of  Lord  Ridge- 
waye,  who  had  mortgaged  the  castle  and  demesnes 
of  Agher  to  the  Lord  Balfour.  This  Agher  was  within  a 
mile  and  a  half  of  Clogher.  The  bishop  then  having 
no  demesne  nor  house  left  him  by  his  predecessor,  he 
hearkened  to  the  bargain,  and  bought  for  800/.  Sir  James 
Areskine  [Erskine,  eleventh  son  of  Alexander,  second  son 
of  John  Earl  of  Mar],  was  come  over  by  this  time  to 


476 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


He  hath  begun   his  building    at   Castle-Skeagh,   and  hath  laid  the   foundation  of  a    Bawne 
of  Lime  and  Stone,  70  feet  square,  of  which  the  two  sides  are  raised  fifteen  feet  high.     There 


Ireland,  withhisMajcstie'sgraunlformakeingesome  noble- 
man ane  earle.  He  being  of  the  bishoj)'s  old  acquaintance, 
schoolfellow  in  the  Colle<lgc  of  Glasgow,  and  fellow-servants 
att  Court,  he  resorted  often  to  the  bishop's  house,  crav- 
inge  the  bishop's  advice  for  makinge  the  best  profitt  of  the 
King's  said  graunt.  The  honour  was  offered  to  manic 
upon  very  easie  terms."  At  the  lime  al)ove  referred  to, 
the  King's  necessities  induced  him  to  make  merchandise 
of  titles  to  a  flagrant  extent ;  and  in  the  instance  now 
mentioned,  Esrkine  had  no  doubt  got  the  grant  for  making 
*ane  earle,'  in  payment  of  some  debt  |>ersonally  owing  by 
his  Majesty.  It  seems  strange,  however,  that  Sir  Tliomas 
Ridge  way,  who  had  been  already  created  a  viscount, 
should  have  been  willing  to  pay  so  much  for  his  title  of 
Earl  of  Londonderry  ;  here,  however,  is  a  curious  account 
of  the  transaction  : — "But  att  last  Robert  Barclay,  Dean 
of  Cloghcr,  took  in  hand  to  make  the  bargain  betwixt  Lord 
Ridgeway  and  Sir  James,  upon  advantageous  conditions 
to  Sir  James,  and  mutch  more  than  ever  he  expected.  So 
the  dean  drave  the  bargain,  which  was  this — That  Sir 
James  Areskine  should  nave  the  reversion  of  the  castle 
and  demeans  of  Agher ;  and  2,500  acres  [«.^.,  the  propor- 
tion of  Portclare  and  Ballykirger,  see  pp.  264,  265]  lying 
adjacent  to  it  in  possession  ;  and  Sir  James  should  assure 
him  of  the  honour.  This  meanwhile ;  the  Bishop  of 
Clogher  haveing  but  two  children,  and  both  marriageable 
— a  sone  and  a  daughter — Sir  James  Areskine  by  the 
Lord  Balfour's  advice,  made  a  motion  of  marryinge  a 
sone  of  his,  a  master  of  arts,  to  the  bishop's  daughter, 
upon  whomc  he  would  bestow  the  lands  of  Agher.  The 
bishop,  although  he  had  far  better  matches  offered  him, 
yet  he  was  persuaded  by  the  dean,  the  archdeacon,  and 
many  other  his  countrymen,  to  hearken  to  Sir  James, 
whose  estate  then  was  not  known  to  be  att  soe  low  ane 
ebb.  Sir  James  then  brought  his  sone  to  the  bishop's 
house,  and  brought  the  young  maide,  by  many  golden 

Eromises,  to  a  fool's  paradise.  There  rested  nothing  now 
ut  drawing  a  contract,  and  so  solemnise  the  marriage, 
which  Sir  James  hasted,  for  he  longed  to  finger  the 
bishop's  money ;  but  when  the  bishop's  learned  counsell 
was  met  to  put  the  contract  in  forme.  Sir  James  made 
new  propositions,  so  unreasonable  and  so  far  from  the 
first  cominuneing,  that  the  bishop  broke  off  the  meeting, 
desire<l  his  daughter  to  estrange  herself  from  their  com- 
pany, and  requested  Sir  James  and  his  sone  to  forbcare 
his  house."  Lord  Balfour,  in  this  delicate  business, 
played  the  bishop  false.  He  first  advised  the  young 
people  to  go  on,  and  get  married,  alleging  that  the 
bishop,  being  a  kind-hearted  man,  would  soon  forgive 
them.  Sir  James  Erskine  and  his  family  followed  this 
counsel ;  "so  one  day  when  the  bishop  had  mutch  com- 
pany dining  with  him,  and  the  bishop  s  wife  was  attend- 
ing her  only  sone  who  was  dangerously  sick  that  same 
time,  they  bribed  a  serving  woman  of  the  house  to  bring 
the  bishop's  daughter  to  the  street ;  so  enticed  her  to  Sir 
James  Areskine's  chamber,  where  the  marriage  was  made 
up  by  some  deboysed  [degraded]  minister."  Lord  Balfour 
now  changed  his  tactics,  expressed  his  grief  to  the  bishop 
at  the  result  of  the   match-making    n^otiations,    and 


suggested  to  the  latter  a  means  by  which  the  Enkines, 
father  and  son,  could  be  balked  in  their  evil  intentiofis. 
"  He  discoursed  to  the  bishop  of  Sir  James  Areskine's 
property,  and  his  intention  to  make  up  his  decayed  estate 
by  the  bishop's  means.  *He  perceiveth,*  said  he,  *)'oor 
sone  to  be  sickly,  and  assureth  himself  to  get  ill  jroo 
have  in  the  end  ;  but  if  you  will  be  advised  by  me,  I  will 
teach  you  how  to  defeat  them  of  their  purpose,  and  how 
to  strengthen  yourself  by  a  better  frieod^ip  in  this  kiaf- 
dome.'  'There  is,'  said  he,  'a  maide,  a  niece  to  tie 
Viscountess  Valencia  [Grizel  Bulkley,  afterwazds  wife  of 
Henry  Power,  created  Viscount  Valencia  in  1620],  both 
wise  and  vertuous,  and  like  to  be  a  great  matche.*'  'For 
my  neighbour,  Sir  Stephen  Butler,'  said  he,  'was  oficnd 
to  have  1,500/.  with  her,  and  greater  matters  in  hope.  I 
will  find  the  way  to  make  Sir  Stephen  leave  off  his  suite. 
If  your  sone  then  can  compasse  the  maide's  goodwill,  job 
may  make  up  a  fair  estate  for  your  sone.  Lett  jour 
daughter  drink  as  she  hath  brewed. '  The  bishop  repljFcd 
that  he  had  already  consented  to  ane  other  motion  bbmc 
unto  him  by  Sir  Stephen  Butler  himself  for  his  brothers 
daughter,  a  beautiful!  voung  gentlewoman,  and  well  bred, 
with  whomc  he  [Butler]  offered  security  for  i,aoo/.  ii 


portion.     The  Lord  Balfour  replyed,  that  that  gentlemB 
had  confessed  to  himself  she  was  handfast  [had  lived  oo 
trial  or  approval  with  another  manX  before  she  came  ost 
of  England,  and  that  Sir  Stephen  made  this  ofier  only 
to  hinder  the  matche  [of  the  bishop's  son  with  Iidy 
Valencia's  niece],  and  so  renue  his  [own]  suiL    So  be 
[Balfour]  never  took  rest  till  he  made  up  the  matche  b^ 
tween  the  bishop's  son  and  the  lady  Valencia  her  nieoe." 
It  appeared  that  Lord  Balfour's  professed  friaulship  far 
the  bishop  had  an  object  in  view  which  the  latter  couU 
not  appreciate,  but,  on  the  contrary,  firmly  and  propcrlf 
opposed.     Balfour,  in  a  word,  wanted  to  get  pofiMsm 
by  a  dishonest  trick,  of  certain  lands  which  had  been  Ki 
apart  in  the  plantation  for  the  building  and  sapport  of  a 
Free  School  in  Fermanagh.      When    opposed  by  the 
bishop,  both  parties  appealed  to  theauthonties  in  LoMoa, 
and  appeared  there  at  the  same  time  to  prosecute  ihat 
several  pleas.    They  met  face  to  face  at  the  house  of  Udf 
Valencia,  and  we  have  here  the  following  aocoont  of  their 
meeting: — "Amongst   other    slanders  mrented  agutft 
the  bishop,  he  [Balfour]  accused  him  to  the  Lady  Vakada, 
then  residing  in  London,  that  he  had  cousined  her  nieoe 
of  her  joynture  ;  that  he  had  put  Sir  James  Arokiae  in 
possession  of  the  castle  and  demrasnes  of  Agher ;  igiiDe 
that  he  kept  Mr.  Archibald  Areskine  [joangest  toad 
Sir  James]  in  his  house  of  purpose  to  vex  Mr  niece    The 
Lady  Valencia  charged  the   bishop  with  these  poiK^ 
whereof  he  cleared  himself  sufficiently.     So  one  dn, 
both  the  bishop  and  Balfoor  meeting  at  her  lodging  ue 
told  them  she  perceived  some  grw^  and  heaitbonaf 
betwixt  them,  and  desired  to  Icnow  the    cauie.     TUt 
bishop  answered  that  the  Lord  Balfour  had  inwcntcd  mnf 
slanders  and  calumnies  to  disgrace  him,  bat  that  his  im^ 
cencie  would  bear  him  out  against  all  his  f  i«i»^T''ft  nd 
that  his  counterfeitt  letters  and  lies  would  not  make  Ub 
desist  to  doe  what  beloags  tohis  place.    BftUbor^  UnaUm 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


477 


)  a  Castle  of  the  same  length,  of  which  the  one  half  is  built  two  stories  high,  and  is  to  be 
stories  and  a  half  high.  There  are  great  numbers  of  Men  at  Work,  which  are  bound  to 
it  speedily,  and  all  materials  I  saw  in  the  place.  This  is  both  strong  and  beautiful. 
There  is  also  a  Plot  laid  out  for  a  Church,  which  must  be  75  feet  long,  and  24  feet  broad,  all 
I  is  now  in  Hand,  and  promised  to  be  finished  this  summer.  There  is  also  a  school,  which  is 
)4  feet  long,  and  24  feet  broad,  and  two  stories  high.  This  is  of  good  Stone  and  Lime 
rly  built,  the  Roof  is  ready  framed,  and  shall  be  presently  set  up.  Near  this  Castle  there  is 
use  in  which  Sir  James  and  his  Family  are  now  dwelling ;  and  adjoining  to  this  there  is  a 
consisting  of  40  houses  of  Timber  Work,  and  Mud-wall.  All  these  are  inhabited  with 
'sA  Tenants,  and  is  the  only  Thorough-fare  into  the  Country.  I  find  planted  in  these  two 
)rations  82  Men  armed,  which  I  saw;  but  not  any  of  these  have  any  estates  as  yet,  as  they 
ne,  or,  at  leastwise  they  did  not  show  me  any. 

XLI.     1,000  Acres. 
The  Lady  [Laird]  Kinkell  (80)  was  the  first  Patentee.     Mr,  Adwick  hath  1,000  acres,  called 
^aru.     Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Clay  and  ^Stone,  rough  cast  over  with  Lime,  50  feet 


e  word  lyes  was  a  sufficient  ground  to  swagger,  did 
iolence  to  the  bishop.  The  bishop  directing  his 
to  the  lady,  told  her  he  thought  her  lodging  and  her 
:e  had  been  a  sanctuarie,  and  that  his  coat  should 
)rotected  him  anywhere  from  blows — the  wrong 
me  to  her  more  than  to  him.  But,  while  she  was 
to  pacifiy  them  both,  Balfour  made  a  second  as- 
whereby  the  bishop  was  forced  in  his  own  defence 
hold  on  him,  and  after  once  or  twice  going  about 
ng  him  round]  the  bishop  threw  him  on  his  back 
cfimney,  att  the  noise  wnereof  the  lady's  servants 
ip  and  parted  them.  The  bishop  would  have  com- 
i  to  the  King  of  the  abuse,  but  was  persuaded  by  the 
dy  to  forbear.  Her  lord  also  with  the  Earle  of  An- 
e  laboured  to  reconcile  them.  The  bishop  gave 
ds  humble  thanks,  and  assured  them  they  should 
ira  subject  to  their  advises,  and  all  reasone  ;  but 
,  that  he  would  not  betray  the  trust  was  put  in 
>uching  the  schoole  of  Fermanagh,  and  the  build- 
the  church  of  Aghenlurker,  for  which  Balfour  had 
^  1,500/."  See  Thi  Spottiswoode  Miscellany f  voL 
102- 1 10. 

Kinkdl.-^Q,?s^^  reports  in  1611,  **La.  Kinalle, 
acres ;  not  appeared,  and  none  for  him ;  nothing 
This  undertaker's  title  was  written  La,  Kinkell^ 
me  transcriber,  in  this  and  several  other  instances, 
k  La,  for  Lady,  instead  of  Laird  !  This  Scottish 
as  named  Thomas  Monypenny.  He  sold  his  pro- 
i  of  Aghalane  to  Thomas  Crichton.  The  latter  lefl  a 
med  David,  who  was  only  a  child  at  the  time  of  his 
)  death.  The  widow  of  the  latter  married  George 
k,  who  with  Katherine,  his  wife,  became  guardians 
id  Crichton  during  his  minority.  {Inquisitions  of 
Fermanagh,  (9)  Car.  I).  Thomas  Crichton  built  on 
eel  called  Aghalane,  a  house  of  stone  and  lime  18 
^h  ;  and  a  bawne  48  feet  long  and  48  feet  wide,  the 
eing  17  feet  in  height,  and  172  feet  in  circuit,  with 


4  flankers.  The  proportion  of  Aghalane  consists  of  the 
following  smaller  parcels  in  each  tate  (see  grant,  pp.  301, 
302),  viz.,  Dromelly,  Tenmore,  [  ],  Feugh,  Corre, 

Derrinagore,  Lorgomboy,  Aghovolenaboe,  Moulan,  and 
Derrydeny,  reputed  one  tate ;  Aghadisart,  Garvone, 
Dromkerragebegg,  Knicklagh,  Coronene,  Corg,  [  ], 

Aghe,  Derrenteine,  Derarke,  and  Greagheen,  reputed  one 
tate.  Gatnedon,  Leglaghnedemagh,  and  Corregreagh, 
reputed  one  tate,  Corgelouse,  AI  ullodnefren,  Knoc, 
Partense,  Enestallon,  and  CUnce,  reputed  one  tate. 
Aghalanamoore,  Aghalanebcgg,  Kylleknawe,  Kylleclag- 
han,  Correlane,  and  Tonimore,  reputed  one  tate.  KyUe« 
knock  more,  Kylleknockbegg,  Kyllemoore,  Sh  [  \ 

and  Gartarde,  reputed  one  tate.  Feugh,  Kinrushe, 
Drometa,  and  Dromhelster,  reputed  one  tate.  Molone- 
cough,  Derr^[ranny,  Corlatt,  Fermoyle  and  Tonaghmore 
al'  Inesherk,  reputed  one  tate.  Gorgorgon,  reputed  one 
quarter  called  Gartegorgan.  Corterry,  Sroe,  Knockell- 
restan  and  Knocksmodage,  reputed  one  tate.  Clantik- 
nose,  Mullainshogga,  Drumconna,  Dromderrickmore, 
Erden,  Clonebrack,  and  Goleomuckean,  reputed  one  tate. 
Dorrivore,  Corelhin,  Correvarran,  Mullaghoise,  Mullene* 
har,  Teinan,  Leighwollaghe,  Derrecorrian,  reputed  one 
tate.  Cackeneis,  Corranoise,  Towralte,  Comighada, 
Strongallattie,  Mullaghsallagh,  Knockgarran,  and  Agha- 
more,  reputed  one  tate.  Derrykenna  contains  the  several 
denominations  following,  viz.,  Derrykennan,  Gubbukreere, 
Relagh,  Comowel,  Comakill,  and  island  of  Conrfy- 
Goiglam,  and  Denycree,  reputed  one  tate.  Dromborry, 
Drombampony,  Knockrenan,  Bingarrowd,  Kyllmeane, 
Keynoutra,  Feughnuhi,  Fermoyle,  Oclanamwihi,  reputed 
one  tate.  The  quarter  of  Dromlongers  reputed  one 
tate.  On  the  29th  of  June,  1630,  there  was  a  grant  to 
John  Pitt  and  John  Austin,  of  the  small  proportion  of 
Aghalagh  [Aghalane],  to  be  held  in  common  soca^. 
The  lands  to  1^  known  as  the  manor  of  Aghalagh,  with 
the  usual  baronial  rights.  Subject  to  the  terms  for  renewal 
of  grants  to  undertakers. 


478  THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 

square,  and  12  feet  high,  with  two  Flankers.  It  hath  a  poor  thatched  House  within.  I 
find  planted  upon  this  Proportion,  of  Brittish  Tenants,  ten,  but  I  saw  no  Estates  more  than  bjr 
promise,  which  are  here  named. 

Freeholders,  6,  viz., 
I  having  180  acres. 

1  having  60  acres. 

4  having  120  acres  jointly.  These  ten  Faoiilies  are  all  that  I 

I>essees,  4,  viz.,  can  hear  of;  the  rest  are  IrisL 

2  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

I  having  30  acres. 

1  having  40  acres. 

XLIL     1,000  Acres. 

James  Traile  (81)  was  the  first  Patentee.  Mr,  Adwick  hath  1,000  acres,  called  DrisUnm 
(82).  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  Bawne  begun  of  Stone,  being  60  feet  square,  with  two 
Flankers,  but  is  not  as  yet  above  five  feet  from  the  Ground.  He  hath  no  English  [Scottish] 
Tenants,  but  all  the  Land  is  inhabited  with  Irish. 

XLIII.     1,000  Acres. 

The  Lord  [Laird]  Mountwhany  (83),  the  first  Patentee.  Sit  Stephen  Butler  hath  1,500 
acres,  called  Kihpenan^  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  being  60  feet 
square,  12  feet  high,  with  two  Flankers.  Within  the  Bawne  there  is  a  House  of  Lime  and  Stoofr 
I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 

Lessees  for  years,  1 2,  s'xz, 
I  having  i8o  acres.  Total,  these  12  ^amiliesi  consist- 

3  having  120  acres  le  piece.  ing  of  15  Men,  do  dwell  diqienedly 
I  having  140  acres.  here;  not  one  Freeholder,  but  nasj 
I  having  90  acres.  Irish  (85). 

6  having  60  acres  le  piece  (84). 

(81).  James  Traile. — Carew  writes  this  surname  TVa^/r,  upon  St.  Mary  Magdeleyne's  date;  and  the  said  G^cn 

and  reports  of  him  as  follows  : — * 'James  Trayle,  1,000  and  marketts  will  not  be  any  hindrance  or  nocomait  mo 

acres  ;  look  possession,  returned  into  Scotland  ;  sent  over  any  the  neyboringe  townes,  where  any  fayen  or  nyofccns 

four  persons  to  make  freeholders  ;  some  timber  and  other  are  kept  upon  those  dajrs  or  tymes,  at  any  tbwne  or  pboe 

materials  provided,  and  six  horses  and  mares  sent  out  of  within  8  myles  distante  of  the  said  towne  of  CallagulL* 

iicotland.  ^  On  this  proportion,  Sir  Stephen  Butler  bfoilt  at  rfn«ff>"T° 

(82).  Dristentan, — This  proportion  afterwards  came  a  bawn  of  stone  and  lyme  60  feet  square,  and  12  feet  iif^ 

into  the  possession  of  Sir  James  Balfour  Lord  Glenawley,  Within  this  enclosure,  he  also  baUt  two    w«t"1"T'  or 

who  sold  it  to  Sir  William  Balfour.     Previously,  how-  capital  mansions  of  stone  and  lyme.      fn^mskimi  if 

ever.  James  Trayle,  the  original   patentee,    demised  it  Uister^  Fermanagh,  (13)  Car.  I. 

to  Sir  Stephen   Butler,   on  the  4th  of  August,    1615,  (83).  Mountwhany, — See  pp.  300,  joi.     CarewitpOfS 

when  it  was  extensively  occupied  by  yearly  tenants  from  of  this  undertaker's  progress  as  follows: — '*Mr.  Baobte^ 


the  native   population.       It   was   found  by  inquisition  laird  Mountwhany,    1,500  acres;  appeared  in 

that  '*it  would  be  very  fitt  and  convenient,  and  for  the  brought  over  eight  freeholders  and  leaseholdeni  vithfcir 

good  and  furtherance  of  the  plantation  and  English  in-  women  servants.     He  felled  200  oaks,  provided  lioM^  sm{ 

habitants  thereabouts,  to  have  a  weekly  markett  upon  the  brought  over  a  dozen  horses  and  mares»  with  ~ 

tewcsdaye,  to  be  kept  within  the  said  proportion,  upon  stuff. 

the  parcel  of  lande  called  Callaghill  al'  Markett-hill,  and  (84).  Le  piece, — ^The  la  leaieholdeii  are  BOt 

3  faycrs  yearelie  to  be  kepte,  the  first  upon  St.  Andrew's  referred  to  in  any  inquisitioo. 

day,  the  second  upon  St.  Patrick's  day,  and  the  third  (85).  Many  Irish* — ^The  namei  of  tlieae  Irish 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


479 


XLIV.     1,500  Acres. 
Sir  John    Whisker  (86)  was  the  first  Patentee.     Sir  StepJun  Butler^  Knt^  hath  1,500  acres, 
i  Ley  trim  (87).     Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  70  feet  square, 
et  high,  with  two  Flankers,  which  are  three  stories  high ;  there  is  also  a  good  Stone  House  in 


J,  were — Patrick  O'Teme,  Edmond  boy  McMahown, 
reagh  McTeugart,  Cahill  McGwire,  Donell  McTe- 
Patrick  McGwire,  Donagh  Annan,  Donough 
rire,  Anne  Gellan,  Tirlough  O'Gillane,  Tho. 
le.  Art  McGwire,   Ross  McGwire,  Art  McGwire, 

McDonc^hoe,  Brian  McGwire,  Patrick  McGwire, 
k  McCaflfer>'e,  Cormock  McCafferye,  Owen  McGwire, 
ighMcAneny,  TiegeO'Tamultie,  Knogher  McGwire, 
e  McGwire,  Knogher  McBr}'an,  and  James  McGwire. 
The  most  suitable  portions  of  this  estate  whereon 
ite  Irish  tenants  were  the  half  tate  of  Lettergreene- 
Dromgoale,  one  tate ;  Dromsasericke,  one  tate ; 
vrean,  one  tate  ;  Mullelehan  and  Gortleage,  one 
:ate  ;  Killelahure,   one  tate  ;  and  Port  and  Derre- 

one  large  tate.     {Ibid).     Butler  and  Balfour  built, 

tate  called  Cnim,  a  bawn  of  61  feet  square,  15  feet 
and  on  the  same  tate,  a  castle  22  feet  square.    On  the 

parcel  called  Dowhate  was  erected  a  castle  22  feet 
,  and  20  feet  in  height.  {Ibid.  ;  see  also  Carrowsfuey 
.  The  Balfours  of  Mountwhany,  Fifeshire,  professed 
nciples  of  the  Reformation,  but  acted  generally  with 
irt  party  in  the  time  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots.  The 
terians  boasted  that  Sir  James,  the  famous  Clerk 
er,  was  one  of  themselves.  But  they  "reckoned 
it  their  host,"  and  John  Knox  expressed  his  anger 
nade  aware  of  Balfour's  joining  another  communion. 

we  write,"  says  Knox,  "because  we  have  heard 
e  said  Maister  James  allegeis  that  he  was  never  of 
r  religion,  but  that  he  was  brought  up  in  Martine's 
r's]  opinioun  of  the  sacrament,  and  therefore  he 
communicat  with  us.  But  his  ain  conscience, 
a  hundred  witnesses  besydes,  know  that  he  lyes."  The 
bove-named  now  form  part  of  the  beautiful  estate 
Earl  of  Erne.  The  castle  built  at  Crum  or  Crom  by 

and  Balfour,  at  great  expense,  was  gallantly  held 
earl's  ancestor  in  1688,  against  Lord  Galmoy  until 

I  by  the  Enniskilleners.     The  ruins  of  the  old  castle 

II  preserved,  the  modem  family  residence  being 
t  some  distance  on  an  eminence,  near  the  lake, 
om  the  lake,  **the  graceful  towers  rise,  like  those 
tiave  been  imagined  as  appertaining  to  a  fairy  palace, 
plantations  of  great  extent  and  natural  loveliness. 
alks  can  be  imagined  more  beautiful  than  the  path 
le  ruined  castle  to  the  modem  buildings,  leading  as 

by  the  edge  of  the  lake,  over  which  in  many 
hang  graceful  trees"  (see  Wakeman's  Lough  Ente, 
The  modem  Crom  castle  is  generally  described 
;e  who  have  written  their  impressions  of  that  dis- 
is  situated  at  the  head  of  a  narrow  peninsula, 
lidst  the  romantic  labyrinth  of  wood  and  water, 
generally  characterises  the  southern  part  of  upper 

Eme.      The  demesne,    including  the   peninsula 

mentioned,  as  well  as  several  picturesque  islands 
)montories,  is  richly  wooded  with  fine  indigenous 

among  which  are  many  gigantic  oak  and  ash 
"From  a  little  above  Crum  castle,"  says  Mr. 

* '  where  the  Erne  loses  the  river  character  till  it 


joins  the  head  of  the  upper  Lough,  a  distance  of  six  miles, 
the  waters,  from  the  nature  of  the  surface,  spread  over  a 
great  extent  of  country,  assume  the  most  fantastic  and 
intricate  outlines.  It  is  only  those  who  have  sailed  through 
this  labyrinth  of  little  lakes,  or  who  have  traversed  their 
shores,  can  form  a  correct  idea  of  their  devious  windings, 
their  endlessly  varied  creeks  and  bays,  or  the  numerous 
pretty  islets  they  contain.  Ataong  the  latter  some  are 
wholly  wooded  ;  others  in  tillage  ;  but  generally  speak- 
ing, the  larger  are  inhabited  ;  and  it  adds  not  a  little  to 
the  interest  of  the  scenery  to  see  the  peasantry  who  are 
located  in  the  islands,  or  along  the  shores  of  the  mainland, 
rowing  their  little  home-made  skiffs  over  the  smooth 
waters,  from  isle  to  isle,  or  from  shore  to  shore,  at  which 
men  and  women,  young  and  old,  are  equally  expert." 

(86).  Whisker. — This  name  is  now  written  IVishart. 
Carew  writes  it  Wyhard,  and  reports  of  Sir  John,  in 
161 1,  that  "  he  had  possession,  returned  to  Scotland  and 
done  nothing.  He  is  since  our  return  from  the  north  ar- 
rived and  brought  with  him  1 5  persons  well  amled  ;  he 
hath  set  up  two  ploughs  sowing  wheat,  and  intends  to  go 
forward  with  building."  This  Sir  John  Wishart  was  son 
of  Sir  John,  a  principal  landowner  of  the  Meams,  and 
ultimately  created  Earl  of  Angus.  For  an  account  of 
his  domestic  misfortunes,  see  Sir  John  Scott's  Staggering 
State  of  Scottish  Statesmen ^  p.  iii. 

(87).  Leytrim.  —  See  p.  301.  Sir  John  Wishart  sold 
this  proportion  to  Sir  Stephen  Butler,  on  the  loth  of 
November,  1615.  "The  said  proportions  of  Latrym 
and  Kilspinan  doe  all,  or  the  most  parte  thereof,  lye 
within  the  parish  of  Drumully.  The  cite  and  re  wens  of 
the  ancient  church  of  Dromully  standeth  verie  remote, 
and  in  the  woods  uppon  the  uttermost  south  parte  of  the 
parish,  towards  the  borders  of  the  countie  of  Monaghan, 
above  7  myles  distante  from  the  north  parte  of  the 
parish,  and  is  altogether  rewinous  and  out  of  use,  and  verie 
unfitt  to  be  continued  for  divers  respects.  It  will  be  much 
more  fitt  and  convenient,  and  a  great  furtherance  and 
safetie  unto  the  Englishe  plantation,  and  the  inhabitants 
thereabouts,  to  have  the  parish  church  erected  within  the 
towne  of  Newtowne  al'  Castlecoole,  wher  the  said  great 
plantation  of  English  now  is,  and  wher  there  is  a  house 
builte,  and  a  churchyarde  alreadie  laid  out  to  that  pur- 
pose, which  is  usuallie  frequented,  and  devine  service 
ev^  Sunday  and  hollyday  saide,  and  the  holy  sacra- 
ments and  christian  burialls,  and  other  holly  rights  and 
seremonyes  selebrated,  used,  and  said  therein,  which  is 
desired  as  most  fitt  to  be  continewed  there.  The  faires 
and  marketts  formerlie  graunted  to  be  kepte  upon  the 
tate  of  land  called  Aghadee  al'  Castlecoole,  are  fitt  to  be 
continewed  as  they  are  now  kept  and  held  ;  and  it  is  and 
will  be,  verie  fitt,  to  have  one  other  faire  to  be  holden 
upon  St.  Nicholas'  daie,  everie  yeare,  which  will  not  pre- 
judice anie  other  of  the  neighbor  townes,  there  not  being 
anie  faires  kept  that  daie  within  10  myles."  See  Inqm- 
siHons  of  Ulster,  Fermanagh,  (ii)  Car  I). 


48o 


THE   PLANTATION   IN   ULSTER. 


building,  which  is  but  as  yet  above  the  first  stone  (88).     Upon  this  land  I  find  planted  and 
estated,  of  Brittish  Nation, 

Lessees  (89)  for  years,  17,  viz.,                               ^^  of  these  has  a  House  and 

3  having  240  acres  le  piece.  ^^  ^^^  ^^  j^„  ^^  ^^  ^^^  j„ 

3  having  120  acres  le  piece.  ^  ^^^^    .^j^^   ^    ^^  B^^ 

1  having  90  acres.  ^^^  ^  ^^  ^^^  ^^^  ^  0^ 

6  having  60  acres  le  piece.  of  Supremacy.      They  are  ri)le  to 

1  having  30  acres  le  piece.  ^^^  ^g  ^^  ^^  ^^^ 

I  having  lo  acres. 

XLV.     1,000  Acres. 

George  Smelhom  (90)  was  first  Patentee.  Sir  Stephen  Butler  hath  1,000  acres,  called 
Derryanye  (91).  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  small  Bawne  of  Clay  and  Stone,  60  feet  square^ 
with  two  Flankers,  and  a  little  House  within  it  of  the  same  Materials.  I  find  planted  and  estated 
upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Nation, 

Lessees  (92)  for  years,  3,  viz.,  Total,    three    Families,    besides 

I  having  500  acres.  Undertenants,  being  able  to  make 

I  having  250  acres.  15  men.     Here  are  many  Imk  o& 

I  having  60  acres.  this  Land. 


(88).  First  storie.  —  It  was  found  by  inquisition  that, 
ten  years  subsequently  to  Pynnar's  report  as  above,  Sir 
Stephen  Butler  on  his  proportion  of  Latrym  or  Leitrim, 
at  Aghadee  and  Corteg^mon,  a  bawn  of  stone  and  lime 
64  feet  square,  and  15  feet  in  height ;  and  that  inside  this 
enclosure  he  had  erected  a  castle  or  capital-mansion  100 
feet  long  and  30  feet  in  width ;  another  bawn  of  stone 
and  lime  200  feet  square  and  10  high ;  and  at  Drom- 
brochas  another  castle  or  capital-mansion  of  stone  and 
lime,  30  feet  long  and  24  in  width.  These  buildings 
were  erected  on  tne  site  of  an  old  castle  of  the  0*Cas- 
sidys,  anciently  the  hereditary  physicians  of  the  princely 
Maguircs  of  Fermanagh.  The  same  site  is  now  occupied 
by  the  magnificent  seat  of  the  Earl  of  Belmore,  known 
still  by  the  old  name  of  Castlecoole.  This  residence  is 
said  to  have  cost  upwards  of  ;f  200,000 ;  and  it  is  cer- 
tainly one  of  the  finest  in  the  three  Kingdoms. 

(89).  Lessees. — There  is  no  mention  in  the  inquisition 
above  quoted  of  any  freeholders  or  lessees  on  this  pro- 
portion, in  1629.  The  following  natives  had  been  ad- 
mitted as  yearly  tenants  : — ^John  McMahowne,  Patrick 
0*Greene,  Cormock  O'Carrahin,  Teige  reagh  O'Gelligane, 
Hugh  M*Gillgane,  John  Maguire,  Owen  McEnrowe, 
Philip  O'Caill  Magwire,  Knogher  O'Kenon,  Bryan  oge 
Magwire,  Arte  oge  McMartin,  Hen.  McGillmartyn,  Brian 
Magwire,  Cahill  0'Donogh,MurroughMcPhillipp,  Donogh 
McDonnell,  Donogh  Magwire,  Owen  Magwier,  Brian 
McManu.s,  Patrick  McDonnell,  Murrough  McDonnell, 
Patrick  boy  McDonnell,  Shane  McDonnell,  Patrick 
M*Elenan.  Edmond  McDonnell,  Shane  O'Reily,  Patrick 
M'Donaghan,  and  Cormuck  McManus.      The  lands  in 


this  [proportion  most  suitable  for  the  location  of  Iriik 
tenants  were  the  island  of  Derrekarpe,  the  Utes  of  LiflK- 
dorke,  Clancoricke,  and  Mullaivarran,  */s  of  the  tate  of 
Clangowna,  Vs  of  Knocknekagh  and  LissnegiUgny,  % 
tate  of  Cavanesnekeill,  ^  of  a  parcel  of  Latiym,  Clankf 
^  a  tate,  Clanneltic  %  a  tate,  and  ^  tate  called  Mf^ 
hinchebqgge.     Ibid, ;  see  also  Carrowshee^  supra, 

(90).  Smdhome, — Carew  reports  of  this  patentee  tbi 
he  "had  taken  possession,  returned  into  Scotland,  left  w 
agent,  nothing  done."  Such,  indeed  was  the  Roord 
which  had  to  be  made  of  those  generally  who  soon  ifio^ 
wards  sold  out  their  interests,  and  probably  had  never 
entertained  the  least  idea  of  coming  to  reside  in  Ulster. 

(91).  Derryanye, — An  inquisition  taken  at  Newtoira, 
otherwise  Castlecoole,  on  the  30th  of  July,  1629,  Rpoits 
the  name  of  this  proportion  as  Dirriamnye^  and  01  its 
original  patentee  as  George  Smethome.  On  the  a6ch  of 
August,  1 618,  George  Sinethome  sold  his  property  to  Sir 
Stephen  Butler. 

(92).  Lessees, — ^The  immes  of  these  three  leasdioUen 
were  Richard  Buckland,  Robert  Mountgomenre,  anJ 
Charles  Waterhouse.  There  were  very  few  fr^  on 
this  proportion  in  1629 ;  and  there  is  no  mentim  l>f 
the  inquisition  of  any  buildings  erected  at  the  d^  bdv 
named.  The  lands  on  this  proportion  cofiaidefed  wati 
suitable  for  the  location  of  Irish  tenants  were  IXriadit  ooe 
and  %  tate ;  Gortgranaghe,  one  and  %  tate ;  DirianT^ 
%  tate  ;  Encoragl^  ji<  tate ;  [  ],  ooe  tile; 

Dromlonan,  one  and  '/s  tate ;  Dmnmirillbeg  }i  tate ;  it 
all,  X  of  said  proportion* 


PYNNAR'S    SURVEY.  48 1 

The  Precinct  of  Clancaliy  [Clankelly],  appointed  for  English  Undertakers. 

[Of  the  progress  made  by  undertakers  in  this  precinct  Carew  made  the  following  report  in 
161 1  : — "  Thomas  Flowerdau,  2000  acres;  is  resident,  has  brought  over  two  freeholders  and  five 
fire  copyholders;  he  cast  a  trench  about  an  old  Rath,  and  is  building  an  English  house, 
of  50  feet  long,  and   22  broad,  providing  materials. 

Edward  Warde,  1,000  acres  ;  has  not  appeared  nor  any  for  him  ;  nothing  done. 

Thomas  Plumsteed  has  made  over  his  portion  to  Sir  Hugh  Worrall ;  nothing  done. 

Thomas  Chiney\  1,000  acres  ;    has  not  appeared,  nor  any  one  for  him  ;  nothing  done. 

Henry  Gunning  [Honynge],  1,000  acres;  has  taken  possession,  but  nothing  done. 

John  Sedborough^  1,000  acres ;  is  resident  with  his  wife  and  family  ;  has  brought  over  two 
freeholders,  one  leaseholder,  and  three  copyholders ;  felled  timber,  raised  stones,  set  up  an 
oven,  and  two  chimneys  in  his  house,  and  intends  to  go  in  hand  with  his  bawne. 

Robert  Calvert,  i  ,000  acres  ;  is  resident,  has  built  a  house  after  the  English  manner.  Has  two 
families  of  English,  unto  whom  he  will  give  estates.  Six  other  families  have  promised  to  come 
unto  him  at  May  next. 

Robert  Bogas,  1,000  acres ;  has  not  appeared,  nor  any  for  him  ;  nothing  done. 

John  Archdale,  1,000  acres;  the  like. 

Enishkellin.  There  is  a  fair  strong  wall  newly  erected  of  lime  and  stone,  26  foot  high,  with 
flankers,  a  parapet,  and  a  walk  on  the  top  of  the  wall,  built  by  Captain  William  Colle  [Cole],  constable 
thereof,  towards  which  he  had  200/.  sterling  from  the  King.  A  fair  house  begun  upon  the 
foundation  of  the  old  castle,  with  other  convenient  houses  for  store  and  munition,  which,  besides 
the  laying  out  of  the  captain's  own  money,  will  draw  on  some  increase  of  charge  to  the  King. 
The  bawn  is  ditched  about  with  a  fair  large  ditch  and  the  river  on  one  side,  with  a  good 
drawbridge.  The  King  has  three  good  boats  there  ready  to  attend  all  services.  A  large  piece  of 
ground  adjoins  the  fort  with  a  good  timber  house,  after  the  English  fashion,  built  by  the  captain,  in 
which  he  and  his  family  now  dwell." 

In  a  *Note'  preserved  among  the  Carew  MSB.,  and  written  by  'Phillip  Gatisfeth,'  there  are  the 
following  references  to  the  above  mentioned  undertakers,  Flowerdew  and  Sedborough; — "Thomas 
Flowerdew  hath  with  him  six  persons,  one  a  carpenter,  others  freeholders  or  leaseholders ;  has 
built  an  Irish  house  with  a  chimney  at  the  end,  made  of  wattles,  contrived  in  two  rooms,  and  a 
frame  for  a  timber  house  of  birch,  most  part  to  be  set  up  in  a  Danes'  fort  He  has  a  plough  of 
mares  and  garrons,  with  two  English  horses,  an  English  mare,  one  cow,  with  some  three  or  four 
bullocks  for  their  provision,  and  some  few  arms.  Mr.  Sudborough  has  with  him  eight  men  well 
armed,  including  two  sons,  and  one  Mr.  Stookes,  a  leaseholder ;  he  has  contrived  an  Irish  house 
into  three  rooms,  and  built  a  wattled  chimney  in  it.  He  has  one  plough  of  mares  and  garrons  ; 
an  English  horse  and  mare ;  and  twenty  head  of  cows." 

Of    Sir   Hugh   Worrall,   the    purchaser  of   Plumsteed's    proportion,   Gatisfeth    states    that 

"he  [Worrall]  hath  his  brother  there  taking  up  his  rent;   but,  as  yet,  nothing  goes  forward." 

As    an  apology  for  Worrall's  delay,  there   is  the  following  note  to  Chichester  from  the  council 
L  2 


482 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


in  London,  dated  April  30,  161 1:  —  **Sir  Hugh  Worrall,  Knight,  undertaker  in  Ulster, 
being  detained  by  suits  beyond  the  time  prescribed  by  the  proclamation,  prays  a  license  of  absence 
for  two  months,  which  they  have  granted.  And  one  of  his  deputies  settled  there  to  oversee  his 
plantation  being  dead,  he  has  appointed  one  Richard  Cotes  in  his  room,  under  whose  charge  he 
intends  to  send  over  presently  twenty  English  to  inhabit  part  of  his  proportion.  They  accordingly 
accept  the  said  Cotes  as  his  deputy,  so  as  he  send  over  the  said  twenty  English  presently."] 

XL VI.     1,000  Acres. 

John  Sedbo rough  hath   1,000  acres,  called  Latgar,     Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  most 

poor  Bawne  of  Sodds,  being  of  a  round  form,  and  much  of  it  is  fallen  down  (93).     There  is 

nobody  dwelling  in  it.      I  saw  it  a  Pound  for  Cattle.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land 

of  Brittish  birth, 

There  are  1 2  others  whose  Estates 

I  saw  not,  and  therefore,  can  saj 

I  having  420  acres.  nothing    of   them.      For    many  of 

I  having  240  acres.  them  do  dwell  in  another  coantij 

I  having  240  acres.  [territory].      Of  these    18  Families 

3  having  60  acres  le  piece  (94).  there  is  but  one  that  took  the  Oath 

of   Supremacy;    they  are   able  to 

make  24  Men. 

XLVIL     1,000  Acres. 
TJiomas  Flowerdcw  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Lisfrisk,     Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  laige 
round  Bawne  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  and  a  little  House  of  Stone  within  it  (95).      There  is  a 
small   Village  (96)  joining   the   Bawne,   containing    six    Houses,   inhabited    with    En^isk,  all 


(93].  Fallen  d<non. — See  p.  275.  The  inquisition,  (55) 
Car.  I.,  reports  a  "bawne  of  earth,"  built  by  Sed- 
borough,  at  Lisnegoland,  the  walls  12  feet  high  and  240 
in  circumfemcc,  together  with  20  English-like  houses  oc- 
cupied by  English  families.  Seilborrow  must  have  sold 
his  interest  in  these  lands  before  1630,  as  on  the  6th  of 
May  in  that  year,  a  re-grant  of  the  lands  was  made  to 
Lord  Robert  Dillon,  baron  of  Kilkenny  West,  and  Francis, 
Lord  Mountnorris,  according  to  the  usual  plantation  con- 
ditions. 

(94).  />  piece. — The  names  of  several  British  tenants 
are  mentioned  in  the  inquisition  al)ove  named  as  occupy- 
ing lands  on  this  proportion  alu^ut  the  year  1630.  They 
are  Hugh  Stokes,  Clinton  Maunde,  Robert  Allen,  Faithful  1 
Teate,  Christopher  Gascoine,  Robert  Newcomen,  William 
Stamers,  Stephen  Allen,  Randulph  Daye,  John  and 
Thomas  Tybf)alls,  Toby  Vesie,  and  Joseph  Dickinson. 
The  tenure  by  which  these  occupiers  held  their  lands  is 
not  stated.  The  patentee,  John  Sedborough,  die<l  in 
1629,  and  had  Ijeen  style<i  of  Mount-Sedborough,  county 
Fermanagh.  His  grand-daughter  Barbara,  the  child  of 
his  son,  Peter  Sedborough,  was  his  heir.  She  was  19 
years  of  age  at  the  time  of  her  grandfather's  death,  and 
soon  afterwards  became  the  wife  of  John  Mayne.  {Inqui- 
sitions of  Ulster y  Fermanagh,  (40)  and  (55)  Car.  I).     On 


the  6th  of  May,  1630,  there  was  a  gnmt  to  Robot,  Lord 
Dillon,  baron  of  Kilkenny  West,  and  Francis  Annesk^. 
Lord  Mountnorris,  of  the  small  proportioo  of  Latgait^  ■ 
the  barony  of  Clankelly,  to  be  neld  in  free  and  conmm 
socage.  The  lands  are  created  into  a  manor,  to  bie  cdled 
the  manor  of  Latgare,  with  the  usual  manorial  right*; 
subject  to  the  regubtions  for  renewal  of  grants  to  ma- 
takers  in  Ulster. 

(95).   IVitAin  it.— Seep,  276,  On  the  isthof  Ang.,  1629. 
there  was  a  re-grant  to  Edward  Flowerdue,  (pnrfnblf  mb 
of  Thomas  the  original  patentee),  his  heirs  and  assigitt*  fv 
ever,  as  an  undertaker  in  the  province  of  Ulster,  of  tfce 
small  proportion  of  Lisreske,  and  all  the  lands  thereimto 
belonging,  in  the  barony  of  Chmkelly ;  and  also  of  tbe 
small  proportion  of  Rossgwire,   and  all  the  lands  sad 
tenements  thereunto  belonging,  in  the  baxony  of  Laige. 
To  l)e  held  in  free  and  common  socage.     The  proportna 
of  Lisreske  is  erected  into  a  manor,  to  be  calkd  ilic 
manor  of  Shanocke ;  and  the  proportion  of  RoMgvifC 
into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Rsttgnm^  with 
power  to  create  tenures,  and  hold  courts  ket  and  hmm, 
with  all  waifs  and  strays,  paik  and  warren ;  mliject  10 
the  conditions  of  the  plantation  of  Ulster. 

(96).  Small  village,  —The  only  plaoe  now  in  this  bansiy 
of  Clonkelly  worthy  the  name  of  vflh^  is  RtuUi. 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


483 


Total,  the  16  Families  are  now 
resident  on  the  Land ;  and  nine 
have  taken  the  Oath  of  Supremacy, 
and  are  able  to  make,  with  their 
undertenants,  40  men. 


of  Cage-Work.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  land,  of  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
I  having  180  acres. 
I  having  60  acres. 

lessees  for  years,  14,  viz., 

1  having  90  acres. 
3  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  60  acres  jointly. 
2  having  40  acres  jointly. 
5  having  30  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  20  acres. 

XLVIII.  1,000  acres. 
Robert  Boges  was  the  first  Patentee.  Edward  Hatton  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Clancarne 
(97).  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  an  excellent  strong  House  and  Bawne,  all  of  Lime 
and  Stone,  and  well  seated  for  the  King's  service,  and  strength  of  the  country  (98).  He  hath  a 
Water-Mill  for  Corn  by  his  House,  and  within  half  a  Mile  he  hath  built  four  very  good  Timber 
Houses,  and  six  more  are  in  building.  This  to\\Ti  standeth  in  the  common  Road  in  the  country. 
Himself  is  a  Minister,  and  a  good  Teacher  of  the  Word  of  God.  I  find  planted  and  estated  on 
this  Land,  of  Brittish  Birth, 

Freeholders  (99),  2,  viz., 

I  having  120  acres. 

I  having  130  acres.  There  are  but  two  of  these  that 


(97).  Clancanic. — See  pp.  274,  275.  This  proportion 
wai  sold  by  Bogas,  the  original  patentee  on  the  24th  of 
May,  1 614,  to  Edward  Ilatton,  who  was  Archdeacon  of 
Ardagh,  and,  according  to  Pynnar,  "a  good  teacher  of 
iheWordofGotl." 

(98).  7 he  countty. — These  buildings,  wliose  site  was 
so  well  chosen,  stood  on  the  parcel  of  land  called  Knock- 
ballymore,  which  was  a  sub-division  of  Listonye.  The 
bawne  was  68  feet  square,  the  walls  being  14  feet  in 
height ;  and  inside  this  enclosure  stood  a  house  60  feet  in 
length,  28  feet  wide,  and  31  in  height.  Inquisitions  of 
Ulster y  Fermanagh,  (43)  Car.  I. 

(99).  Freeholders^  2.  Only  one  freeholder — Nicholas 
Willoughby  of  the  Fraine,  county  of  Meath — is  men- 
tione<l  in  the  inquisitions  as  having  lands  in  fee  on  this 
proportion,  or  more  correctly,  as  having  purchased  several 
parcels  for  a  term  of  i,ooo  years.  No  leaseholders  are 
named  ;  and  nothing  as  to  the  oath  of  supremacy. 
Robert  Bogas — written  also  Boggus — left  a  widow,  Anne 
Boggus,  who  re-married  with  Ambrose  Conyham  (Cun- 
ingham),  a  "doctor  in  sacred  theology,"  and  claimed  a 
dowry  off  the  lands  of  Cloncame.  Edward  Hatton,  the 
archdeacon,  died  in  September,  1630,  leaving  a  son 
James,  who  died  in  April,  1637.  The  latter  was  suc- 
ceeded by  his  son  and  heir,  Edward,  who  held  the  pro- 
perty on  the  original  conditions  of  the  grant.     The  Hatton 


family  had  a  controversy  or  dispute  with  Nich.  Willoughby 
on  the  subject  of  the  lands  he  had  purchased  on  the  estate, 
which  dispute  was  settled  by  arbitration  on  the  1 6th 
April,  1638,  the  arbitrators  being  Edward  Aldridge  and 
Nicholas  Sympson.  Anne  Hatton,  widow  of  James,  and 
previously  the  wife  of  Thomas  Peters,,  received  a  jointure 
of  40/.  per  annum  from  the  lands  of  Clancarne.  {Inqni- 
sUions  of  Ulster,  Fermanagh,  (43)  Car.  I. )  The  lands  on 
this  proportion  deemed  most  suitable  for  the  location  of 
Irish  tenants,  were,  Yy  of  the  tate  called  Killturke  ;  Clon- 
moghan,  %of atate;  Tonaghmore,  onetateand  a  half;  Gor- 
temurcknocke,  one  tate  and  ^ ;  I-«ughnegallgreene,  '/s  of 
a  tate ;  and  a  parcel  of  mountain  land  called  Esk- 
leagheysra,  Eskleagheoutra,  Carrolan  and  Doane.  {In- 
quisitions of  Ulster ,  Fermanagh,  (5)  Car.  I.)  On  the 
13th  of  August,  1629,  a  re-grant  was  made  to  Edward 
Hatton,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  for  ever,  of  the  small  pro- 
portion called  Cloncame,  and  other  lands  thereunto  be- 
longing, in  the  barony  or  precinct  of  Clankelly ;  to  be 
held  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  free  and  common 
socage.  The  lands  are  erected  into  a  manor,  to  be 
call^  the  manor  of  Knockbqllymore,  with  power  to 
create  tenures,  and  hold  4CX)  acres  in  demesne ;  court 
baron  and  court  leet,  warren  and  park  ,  according  to  his 
Majesty's  instructions  for  the  renewal  of  the  grants  of  the 
undertakers. 


484 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Lessees,  5,  viz.,  have  taken  the  Oath  of  Supremacy. 

I  having  240  acres.  I  find  not  above  20  Men  in  all, 

4  having  60  acres.  and  these  are  well  armed 

Cottagers,  8,  viz., 
Each  of  these  has  a  House  and  Garden  Plat,  and  four 
acres  of  I^nd. 

XLIX.  1,000  Acres. 
Thomas  Plumstead  was  the  first  Patentee.  Sir  Hugh  IVirrali,  Kt,  hath  1,000  acres, 
called  A rdmagh.  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  60  feet  square, 
with  two  Flankers,  and  a  little  stone  House  or  Tower  within  it  standing  waste.  He  hath  no 
Freeholder,  or  Leaseholder,  and  but  three  poor  men  on  the  T^nd,  which  [who]  have  no  estates ; 
for  all  the  Land  at  this  time  is  inhabited  with  /rish  (100). 

L.     1,000  Acres. 
Robert  Calvert  was  first  Patentee.     George  Ridgeivaie  hath  1,000  acres,  called  GutponM 
(loi).      Upon  this  there  is  now  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone  in  building,  which  is  60  feet 


(100).  lilt h  Irish. — See  p.  274.  We  have  the  following  ac- 
count of  affairs  on  this  proportion  in  the  year  1 63 1 : —  *  *  Two 
of  the  three  tates  of  Ballagh,  within  the  proportion  of  Anl- 
magh  have,  since  Michaelmas  last,  I)ccn  occupied  by  Dun 
McCaghy  and  Hugh  O'Corrigan,  meere  Irishmen,  who 
have  plowed,  grassed,  and  depastured  the  same  ever 
sithence,  and  soe  are  to  do  till  Alichaelmas  next,  and  the 
same  two  tates  are  worlhe  by  the  yeare  3/.  icxr.  sterling. 
Dun  Carragh  Maguire,  a  mcere  Irishman,  sithence 
Michaelmas  last,  held  and  occupied  the  other  tate  of 
Ballagh,  called  Lcnmill,  and  ploweth,  graseth,  and  de- 
pastureth  the  same,  and  so  is  to  doe  till  Michaelmas  next, 
and  the  same  is  worthe  by  the  yeare  3cxr.  sterling.  Hie 
said  Dun  Carragh  tilleth  and  manureth  the  tate  of  land 
called  Kememore,  since  the  feast  of  the  Purification  of 
our  Lady  last  past,  untill  the  feast  of  St.  Phillip  and 
Jacob,  aLo  last  past,  to  and  for  the  use  and  behoofe  of 
I^dy  Wyrrall,  and  not  otherwise.  Two-fifths  of  the  tate 
called  Drumgallen,  have  ever  sithence  of  St.  Michael  last 
past,  untill  the  feast  of  St.  Phillip  and  Jacob,  also  last 
past,  been  held  and  occupied  by  Patrick  Oge  McGilgune, 
a  meere  Irishman,  and  the  same  are  worlhe  4Cxr.  sterling 
by  the  yeare.  The  tate  of  land  called  Ardcloone,  hath, 
ever  sithence  the  feast  of  the  Purification  of  our  I^dy, 
the  blessed  Virgin  Mary,  last  past,  hath  beene  plowed  and 
occupied  by  the  said  Patrick  Oge,  and  he  is  to  pay  for 
the  same  the  third  sheafe,  and  the  same  is  worthe  to  be 
lett,  40J.  sterling  per  annum.  All  the  tates  and  landes 
aforementioned  are  undertakers*  landes,  and  lye  within 
the  small  proportion  of  Ardmagh,  and  l)y  letters  patents 
dated  al>out  Feb.  last,  weare  graunted  to  Sir  Thomas 
Rotheram,  knight,  Stephen  Allyn,  Esq.,  and  Martin 
Baxter,  clarke,  and  their  heirs,  as  undertakers  [on  the  usual 
understanding  against  alienating  to  Irishmen].  All  said 
parcells  of  lande  have,  in  manner  and  forme  aforesaid, 
beene  occupied  and  enjoyed  by  the  severall  (persons  above 
named,  resi^ectively,  being  ail  of  them  meere  Irishmen, 


and  discended  of  the  stockes  and  lyneages  of  the  meat 
Irish."  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Fermanagh,  (32)  Car.  I). 
On  the  6th  of  March,  1629,  a  re-grant  of  this  manor  «» 
made  to  Sir  Thomas  Kotherham,  Stephen  Allen,  aad 
Martj-n  Baxter,  clerk,  as  imdertakers  of  the  province  of 
Ulster.  The  lands  are  erected  into  a  manor,  to  becaUed 
the  manor  of  Armagh,  with  all  manorial  rights,  and  pur- 
suant to  the  terms  for  renewal  of  grants. 

(loi).  C7///^«?;/<i/i.— See  p.  275.     The  name  of  this  pio- 
portion  is  more  correctly  written  Gortgunan,  in  an  Ufater 
mquisition ;  which  inquisition  also  states  that  CalTCrt,  tbe 
original  patentee,  sold  these  lands,  on  the  4th  of  Nor.,  i6sa 
to  James  Heygate,  archdeacon  of  Clogher.    Althoogh 
this  inquisition   was  taken  in  April,  1629,  there  b  w 
mention  therein  of  George  Ridgewaie^  whom  Ptnnar  ir- 
presents  as  the  owner  or  landlord  in  i6aa    Neither  ii 
there  any  mention  of  freeholders  or  leaseholders,  or  neeie 
Irish,   in  occupation  of  the  lands.     With  reference  to 
buildings,  it  is  stated  that  on  the  parcel  called  A|^uunw- 
skye,  there  was  a  bawn  60  feet  square,  the  walu  beiac 
1 1  feet  in  height ;  that  on  the  tate  called  MullahencgowBa, 
there  was  a  house  40  feet  in  length,  24  feet  wide,  and  10 
feet  in  height ;  and  that  on  the  tate  of  LyshnesheOed, 
there  was  another  house  34  feet  long,  ao  feet  in  width, 
and  10  in  height.     These  several  structures  were  boilt  of 
stone,   without  lime  probably,   as  there  is  no  mentiaii 
thereof,  but  by  whom  erected,  we  are  not  gi%'CO  by  Uk 
inquisition  to  know.    {Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Fermana^ 
(6)  Car.  I).     On  the  26th  of  August,  1629,  letten  patCBl 
of  denization  were  issued  to  James  Ileigate  ;  and  aho  a 
grant  to  him,  hb  heirs,  and  assigns  for  ever,  of  the  laal 
proportion  of  Gortgannon,  and  other  lands,  tenenotfi^ 
and  hereditaments,  m  the  barony  or  precinct  of  CbnkaBf. 
To  .be  held  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  free  and  coobm 
socage,  the  lands  to  be  erected  into  a  manor  to  be  cAd 
the  manor  of  Ungate^  with  power  to  create  tcnuci  and 


PYNNARS   SURVEY. 


485 


square,  and  not  above  eight  feet  high.      His  Tenants  do  dwell  dispersedly.      I  find  planted 

and  estated  on  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  i,  viz., 

I  having  100  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  7,  viz., 
I  having  480  acres.  Total,eight  Families,  which  are  able 

3  having  240  acres  jointly.  ^^  "^^^^  '^  M^'^  ^»^^  ^^     ^^^^ 

I  having  160  acres.  ^'^  "^^^^  ^'^'^' 

I  having  120  acres. 
I  having  60  acres. 

The  Precinct  of  Clinawly  [GlenawleyJ  (102),  allotted  to  Servitors  and  Natives. 

LI.     1,500   Acres. 

Sir  John  Davis,  Knight^  hath  1,500  acres,  called  LisgoweUy  (103).     Upon  the  Abbey  Lands 

there  is  built  a  fair  stone  House,  but  no  Bawne,  and  on  this  Proportion  there  is  not  anything 

built. 

LH.     500  Acres. 

Mrs.  Harrison,  late  Wife  to  Captain  Harrison,  deceased,  upon  her  500  acres,  called  Gurtin, 

hath  built  nothing  at  all. 

Lin.     300  Acres. 

Pierce  Mostion  hath  300  Acres,  called  Moycrane,     Here  is  also  nothing  built,  and  himself 

dwelleth  in  Connaught, 

The  Precinct  of  Lurge  and  Coolemackeman,  appointed  to  English  Undertakers. 

LIV.     1,000   Acres. 

Thomas  Barton   was   first   Patentee   (104).      Sir   Gerard  Lowther,   Kt.,   hath    two    small 


hold  400  acres  in  demesne,  court  leet,  court  baron,  free 

warren,   park,  and  chase,  pursuant  to  the  conditions  of 

the  plantation.     James  Heygate  became  bishop  of  Kil- 

fenora.     By  this  title  of  bishop  he  let  to  Richard  Morse 

and  Thomas  Lane,   in  1631,  for  a  term  of  47  years,  the 

lands  of  Arthonagh,  containing  %  tate  ;  Mollanabreeye, 

%  tate  ;  parcel  of  Lisnesheled,  and  parcel  of  Gortspravem. 

On  the  1 1  th  of  December,   1635,   this  bishop  granted  to 

his  son,  James   Heygate,  and  Thomasine,   wife  of  the 

latter,  the  several  tates  of  Come  [  ],  Agharuskie, 

and  Clangawnagh,  with  the  one  and  a  half  tate  known  as 

Ratoyle  and  Drombayle.     On  the  1st  of  May,   1637,  he 

granted,  for  certain  specified  objects,  to  James,  Bishop  of 

Clogher,  and  Eliza  Spotteswood,  his  wife,  John  Heygate, 

aJso  son  of  the  grantor,   and  Jane  Parkins,  daughter  of 

Eliza  Spotteswood,   the  following  parcels  of  land,  viz., 

Knockinkegan,  Derrymolan,  Tawnatiboyle,  Gortsprabane, 

Gortrah,    Killecrenan,    Tawnakill,    Mullahynygawnagh- 

killkerck,  Gort  [  ],  Lissneshellid,  Arthonagh,  Mul- 

lanybride,    Cosrinagh,    Cosleagh,    Drombolge,    Ratoyle, 

rh-oma,   Clongawnah,  Corrohora,  Agharasky,  Killmore, 

Derrymeny,  and  Boywhossett.     The  Bishop  of  Kilfenora 

died  on   the   30th   of  April,    1638 ;  and  his  eldest  son, 

James  Heygate,  on  the  20th  of  July,  1639.     Thomasine 


Heygate,  his  daughter  and  heir,  was  five  years  old  at  the" 
time  of  her  father's  death.  The  King,  Charles  L, 
then  [1639]  granted  the  estate,  by  patent,  to  John  Hey- 
gate, who  died  on  the  31st  of  May,  1640,  leaving  one  son, 
his  heir,  then  18  months  old.  Thomasine,  the  daughter 
of  James  Heygate,  married  Charles  Manyng,  gent.  ;  an<l 
Jane  Parkins,  the  widow  of  John  Heygate,  was  living  in 
1661.  Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Fermanagh,  (53)  and  (54) 
Car.*  I. 

( 102).  Clinawly.  — See  p.  203.  This  is  a  barony  of  com- 
paratively small  extent,  three-fourths  of  the  surface  being 
highland,  and  the  remainder  low,  meadowy  land.  In  the 
latter  the  three  servitors,  including  Davys,  had  their  allot- 
ments. 

103.  Lisgo7oeley. — Although  three  inquisitions  were 
taken  on  the  subject  of  this  proportion  there  appears 
to  have  been  nothmg  of  interest  elicited  l^eyond  the  facts 
that  Davys  died  about  the  year  1626,  and  was  succeeded 
by  his  only  child  and  heir,  Lucy  Davys,  who  married 
Ferdinand  Hastings,,  Earl  of  Huntingdon.  Inquisitions 
of  Ulster,  Fermanagh,  (26),  (37),  and  (44)  Car.  I. 

(104).  Patentee. — Thomas  Barton,  who  purchased  Ne- 
came  and  Drumynshin,  appears  to  have  had,  for  a  time, 


486 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Proportions,  the  one  called  DrumynsJiin,  and  the  other  Necam  (105).  Upon  Drumymshin  there 
is  a  good  Bawne  of  Clay  and  Stone,  rough  cast  over  with  Lime,  60  feet  square,  with  two  Flankers^ 
but  no  House  in  it.     I  find  planted  and  estated  on  the  T-.and,  of  Brittish  Birth  and  Descent, 

Freeholders,  5,  viz., 
I  having  120  acres. 
I  having  200  acres. 
3  having  46  acres  le  piece. 

Leaseholders,  i,  viz., 
I  having  60  acres. 


Three  of  these   have  taken  the 
Oath  of  Supremacy. 


LV. 


Harringtofi    Sutton    first    Patentee. 


1,000  Acres. 
Sir    Gerrard   Lowther   hath    upon    Necam   (106), 


a  strong  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  and  a  House  in  it  (107),  and  near  unto  the  Bawne  there  is  a 


no  lack  of  occupation  in  the  distribution  of  his  lands.  On 
the  2nd  of  June,  1618,  Henry,  I^rd  Folliott,  obtained 
five  tates  from  him,  which  touched  on  his  [Folliott*s] 
estate  in  the  county  of  Done^l.  Lord  Folliott  exchanged 
two  tates  of  his  own  lands,  viz.,  **  Coolegarron  and  Coole- 
corgh,  with  one  Thomas  Barton,  who  was  seised  thereof 
by  force  of  the  said  exchange  ;  and  the  said  Thomas 
Barton  did,  in  consideration  thereof,  exchange  and  convey 
unto  the  said  Lord  Folliott,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  for  ever, 
the  five  tates  of  land  following,  that  is  to  say,  Dnimurer, 
Sylann,  Famaugh,  Baraugh,  and  half  of  the  ^  quarter 
of  Sydaugher,  with  their  appurtenances,  being  parcell  of 
the  small  proportion  of  Drummenshen."  (Inqtnsitions  0/ 
risUr,  Fermanagh,  (2)  Car.  I.)  On  the  31st  of 
August,  161 3,  Barton  demised  to  Christopher  Erwinge 
the  tate  called  Let termone.  On  the6th  of  September,  1613, 
lie  demised  KolMiicelot  Carleton  the  lands  of  Eighan,  one 
tate ;  Monollo,  one  tate ;  Edringe,  one  tate ;  Clonti- 
brewrye,  one  tate  ;  and  the  island  of  Inish.  On  the  17th 
of  June,  1615,  he  parted  with  the  whole  manor  of  Drom- 
inshin  to  Sir  Gerald  Lowther,  excepting  and  reserving  to 
himself  [Barton]  and  heirs  the  parcel  of  Inishclare,  with 
the  bawn  of  Rosseclarc  thereon  ;  and  on  the  17th  of  May, 
1616,  he  granted  to  Ilenr}*  Flower,  in  fee,  the  whole 
parcel  of  Kossclare,  containing  100  acres. 

(105).  Necam. — This  proportion  was  at  first  ownetl  by 
K(lward  Ward,  gent.,  and  its  name  was  generally  written 
■Wikanievy  or  Nakarna.  Wanle's  j^atent  was  dated  May 
13,  161 1,  and  on  the  7th  of  June  following,  he  sold  out  to 
Kdmund  Sutton,  the  son  and  heir  apparent  of  Harrington 
.Sutton  of  Kallam,  in  the  county  of  Nottingham,  for  the 
term  of  1,000  years.  (See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Ferma- 
nagh, (15)  Car.  I).  On  the  28lh  of  June,  1630,  a  re-grant 
was  ol)tained  by  Sir  William  Parsons  and  Sir  Adam 
Ix)ftus,  their  heirs  and  assigns  for  ever,  as  undertakers  of 
the  province  of  Ulster,  of  two  small  pro{)ortions,  viz.,  the 
small  proi)ortion  of  N'akemy,  containing  1,000  acres,  and 
the  small  proportion  of  Drumunshin,  containing  1,000 
acres,  in  the  barony  of  Lurg  and  CoolmcKernan,  with  all 
the  lancis  thereto  Monging,  and  a  free  fishery  in  the  lake 
or  water  of  Ix)ugh  Erne.  To  l>e  held,  as  of  the  castle  of 
Dublin,  in  free  and  common  socage.  All  the  lands  are 
created  into  a  manor  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Lowther, 


with  power  to  create  tenures,  and  hold  400  acres  of  each 
proportion  in  demesne,  court  leet,  court  bann,  firee 
warren,  park,  and  chase ;  a  market  on  every  TnodaT ; 
two  fairs, — one  on  the  ist  of  May,  and  the  other  00  tbe 
15th  of  Angust ;  with  such  conditions  and  covenants  as 
are  contained  in  the  patents  of  undertakers  of  propoitioos 
in  the  province  of  Ulster.  For  notice  of  Sir  Wm.  nnoos 
the  Surveyor-General,  see  pp.  153,  154.  Sir  Adam 
Loftus,  his  co-partner  in  tne  purchase  of  tbe  above 
lands,  was  appK>inted  lord  chancellor,  in  1619.  He 
was  known  as  of  Monastereven,  or  Moore  Abber, 
county  of  Kildare,  was  grandson  of  Edward  Loftoi  of 
Swineshead,  in  the  parish  of  Caversham,  county  of  Yoik, 
and  founder  of  the  present  noble  house  of  Ely,  b  the 
county  of  Wicklow.  Ely  Lodge,  the  family  re^depce  oi 
the  lands  purchased  by  Sir  Adiam  Lofius,  in  tbe  banorof 
Lurge,  is  distant  about  four  miles  north  from  Emuskilkn. 
the  demesne  including  several  of  the  bcautifiillj-vooded 
islands  at  the  head  of  lower  Lough  Erne.  Mr.  Fnter's 
account  of  this  charming  district  is  as  follows  :—'* Tbe 
vast  sheet  of  water,  which  is  so  agreeably  broto  aad 
varied  by  the  lovely  wooded  idets,  the  great  atent  of 
holly,  which  constitutes  so  large  a  portion  of  tbe  natnil 
copse,  skirting  the  left  shore  of  the  lake  for  serefal  oiiks 
together  with  the  natural  disposition  of  thegroaid^ 
render  Ely  Lodge  certainly  the  most  unique,  ii  not  tbe 
most  beautiful,  of  all  our  summer  residences." 
(106).  Necam, — See  preceding  note. 

{\o^Y    House   in   f/.— The   *  Bawne,'  mentiooed  by 
Pynnar,  is  descril)ed   by  the  inquisition   now  quotcii  as 
being  324  feet  in  circumference,  and  the  «ralls  17  feet  bicb. 
The  inquisition  also  mentions  the  existence,  in  i6|0l  of 
several  English-like  houses,  but  takes  no  noCioe  of  aay 
castle  or  capital-mansion  on   the    proportion.     (/•p>- 
sitions  of  Ulster^  Fermanagh,  (15)  Car.  I).     Sir  Gcisnl 
Lowther,  who  held  these  two  proportions  of  Draapobin 
and  Necame  for  a  time^  was  fourth  son  of  Sir  Ricbtfl 
lowther,   high  sheriff  of    Cumberland,    who  uaiiM 
Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  on  her  airiv^  in  Fngltui,  to  Cv* 
lisle    castle.      Sir   Gerard  obtained  several   fiaalB  a 
Ireland,  where  he  accumulated  a  luge  amoont  of  fi^ 
perty.     He  was  appointed  2nd  Bnroa  of  tbe  Ei  ~ 
m  1628,  about  the  time  he  dispoeed  of  his  t«o 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


487 


Village  consisting  of  10  Houses,  and  a  Market-House,  also  a  Water-Mill.     I  find  planted  and 
estated  upon  the  Land,  of  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
I  having  120  acres. 
I  having  90  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  12,  viz., 
I  having  73  acres. 


In  both  these  Proportions  there 
are  16  Brittish  Families,  besides 
Undertenants,  the  which  are  able 
to  make  28  Men  with  Arms.  Nine 
of  these  have  taken  the  Oath  of 
Supremacy. 


2  having  40  acres  jointly. 

I  having  60  acres. 

6  having  20  acres  le  piece. 

I  having  18  acres. 

I  having  4  acres. 

LVI.     1,000  Acres. 
yohn   Archdale  hath    1,000    acres,   called    Tullana.       Upon   this    Proportion   there    is   a 
Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  with  three  Flankers  15  feet  high;  in  each  corner  there  is  a  good 
Lodging  slated,  with  a  House  in  the  Bawne,  of  80  feet  long,  and  three  stories  high,  and  a  Battle- 
ment about  it.     Himself  with  his  Family  are  there  resident  (108).      He  hath  also  a  Watermill; 
and  in  two  several  places  of  his  Land  he  hath  made  two  Villages,  consisting  of  8  houses  apiece. 
I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Families, 
Freeholders  (109),  6,  viz., 
I  having  200  acres. 

1  having  120  acres. 

2  having  40  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  30  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years  (no),  10,  viz., 
4  having  240  acres  jointly.  And  these  20  are  able  t  >  make 


lions  in  Fermanagh.  He  was  afterwards  made  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Common  Pleas,  and  he  became  Lord 
Chancellor  for  the  Commonwealth,  in  1654.  lie  was 
three  times  married,  but  left  no  children. 

(108.)  Resident. — Seep.  278.  On  the  tate  called  Coilcnure 
al'  Killenvir,  the  inquisition  now  quoted  states  that  John 
Archdall  or  his  assignes  had  erected  **one  fort  or  bawne 
of  lime  and  stone  contayninge  3  score  and  6  foote  square, 
cverie  way,  and   12  foote  in  height,  with  2  flankers  in 
2  comers  of  the   bawne,  contayninge  15   foote   square 
everie  way,  and  17  foote  in  height  ;  there  is  likewise  built 
upon   Killenure  [Coilenure]  one  castle  or  capitall  mes- 
suage of  lime  and  stone,  adjoining  to  the  foresaid  bawne 
or  forte,  contayninge  3  score  and  10  foote  in  length  and 
38  foote  in  height,  and  in  breadth  28  foote." 

(109.)    Freeholders. — The    following    facts    connected, 
^th  this  point  were  found  by  the  same  inquisition,  which 
-•ras    sped  at  Enniskillen,  on  the  27th  of  April,  1629  : — 
**The   said  John   Archdall  did  graunt  ^yi  tates   unto 


IViJliam  and  T/iomas  Lawton^  gentlemen,  their  heirs  and 
assignes  forever.  The  said  John  Archdall  did  grant  2 
tates  or  %,  quarter  of  land  to  IVilliam  Johnson  and 
Owen  Griffith^  their  heirs  and  assignes,  forever.  The 
said  John  Archdall,  by  coppie  of  court-rowle,  at  a  court 
held  for  the  manor  of  Tallanagh,  did  grant  one  and  a 
half  tate,  or  3  parts  of  >^  a  (quarter  unto  William  John- 
son and  Thomas  Clarke,  their  heirs  and  assignes  ;  and 
half  a  quarter,  being  two  tates,  unto  Thomas  Moore, 
Edward  Moore,  and  David  Byas,  their  heirs  andiissignes,* 
(no).  Lessees  for  years. — ^The  following  is  the  only  re- 
ference to  this  class  of  tenants  on  the  estate  of  Tallanagh. 
or  Tullana: — "The  said  John  Archdall  did  in  his  life- 
time demise  2  tates  imto  Richard  Lowiher  and  Thomas 
Lawton  ;  also  %  a  quarter,  or  two  tates  to  Edmund 
O'Durnine,  for  one  yeare,  the  said  Edmund  being  a 
mere  Irishman,  borne  in  Ireland,  and  descended  from  the 
stock  and  lineage  of  the  meere  Irish.  ■  He  also  demised 
the  island  of  Convenishe-Aghie  to  Donnell  O'Connelly, 
for  one  yeare,  the  said  Donnell  being  a  meere  Irishman." 


488 


THE    PLANTATION    IN   ULSTER. 


2  having  30  acres  le  piece.  42  men,  and  7  of  these  have  taken 

I  having  60  acres.  the  Oath  of  Supremacy  (m). 

I  having  20  acres. 
I  having  40  acres. 
I  having  15  acres. 

Cottagers,  4,  viz., 
'I'hese  having  each  of  them  a  House,  and  one  acre  of 
I  Mind. 

LVIL     1,000  Acres. 
Thomas  Flower  dew  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Roseguire  (112).     Upon  this  Proportion  there  is 
nothing  at  all  built.     He  hath  two  Gentlemen  that  he  hath  placed,  as  he  thought  upon  his 
Land ;  but  it  proveth  to  be  Gleabe  Land,  and  this  is  the  Reason  he  hath  not  any  English  \  but  all 
the  rest  of  the  Land  is  inhabited  with  /m//,  which  is  a  great  number. 

LVIII.     1,000  Acres. 
Henry  Huntngs  [Honynge,  see  p.  279]  the  first  Patentee.  Edward  Sibiharp  and  Henry  Flcwir, 
Esqrs,y  have  1,000  acres,  called  Do7vrosse  {11^),  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  built  a  Bawne  of  Lime 


(hi).  Supremacy, — The  inquisition  records  that  Wm. 
and  Thomas  Lawton  did  not  take  the  oath  of  supremacy, 
that  William  Johnson  and  Owen  Griffith  did  not  take 
this  oath,  **and  by  the  space  of  two.  yeares  and  more 
after  the  grants  or  assignments  aforesaid,  they  were  in  full 
and  perfect  health,  and  soe  the  conditions  in  the  letters 
patent  did  breake,  whereby  the  premises  unto  the  late 
King,  his  heirs  and  successors  did  escheate."  On  the 
22nd  of  December,  1629,  there  was  a  re-grant  to  Edward 
Archdale,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  for  ever,  of  two  small 
]>roportions  in  the  precinct  of  Lurge  and  CoolmcKer- 
nan, — one  called  the  small  proportion  of  Tullanagh,  and 
the  other  the  small  proportion  of  Dromra,  and  the  lands 
thereto  belonging.  To  be  held  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin, 
in  free  and  common  socage.  The  lands  are  erected  into 
two  manors,  to  be  called  the  manors  of  Archdale  and 
Dromra ;  with  power  to  create  tenures,  and  hold  400  acres 
in  demesne,  court  Icct  and  court  baron,  free  warren  and 
park,  subject  to  his  Majesty's  instructions  for  the  renewal 
of  grants,  i.e.^  to  pay  twice  the  original  rent,  with  a  fine 
of  ^30  for  every  1,000  acres. 

(112).  Roseguire.  — See  p.  276.  Edward  Flo  werdue,  son 
(tf  Thomas,  got  a  rc-grant  of  this  proportion  on  the  13th 
of  August,  1629,  paying  double  the  original  rent,  and 
^"30  ofa  fine  for  renewal.  Lowtherstown,  better  known  as 
Irvincstown,  stands  on  the  post  road  from  Enniskillen  to 
Pettigo,  in  the  parish  of  Derryvallane.  In  the  vicinity 
of  Lowtherstown,  or  Irvinestown,  is  Necjime,  where 
a  handsome  castle  has  been  built.  This  proportion, 
together  with  that  of  Drumunshine  (see  Inquisitions 
of  Ulster^  Fermanagh,  (15)  Car.  L),  came  early  into 
the  hands  of  Sir  Gerrard  Lowther,  who  possessed  an 
estate  of  2,800  acres  in  that  district  of  the  county 
Fermanagh.  This  knight,  also,  in  virtue  of  his  rights 
.IS  a  landlord,  had  the  fishings  of  a  large  portion 
•i'f  I/>ugheme.     He  got  according  to  the  terms  of  his 


patents,  the  appointment  of  three  yearly  fiun  at  Lovthm- 
town,  in  this  manor  or  proportion,  one  on  the  joili  of 
November,  called  St.  Andrew's  day,  one  on  the  ut  of 
May,  called  St.  Phillip's  and  Jacob's  day,  and  one  00  the 
15th  of  August,  caUed  the  Assumption  of  the  Bleaed 
Mary  ;  also  of  two  fairs  yearly,  in  the  town  of  Lisnun^ 
in  the  same  manor,  one  on  the  25th  of  March,  adled  & 
Annunciation  of  the  Blessed  Mary,  and  one  on  the  41)1  of 
October,  called  St.  Francis'  day  ;  with  a  wedcly  mukd 
at  each  of  the  places  above  mentioned.  Sir  Germd 
Lowther  made  his  will  on  the  14th  of  November,  1659^ 
leaving  his  lands  to  Henry  Lovrther  of  CodcemoBthi 
merchant,  and  his  heirs  male ;  remainder  to  Thoau 
Lowther,  brother  of  Henry,  and  his  heirs  male  ;  remainder 
to  George  Lowther,  junior,  brother  of  Hemy,  and  hii 
heirs  male  ;  and  remainder  to  Edward  Lowther,  mb  of 
George  Lowther,  late  of  Screene,  in  Ireland,  decctsei 
Sir  Gerrard  Lowther  died  on  the  20Ch  of  April,  1660; 
and  Henry  Lowther  of  Cockermouth,  in  Englaiid,  «» 
declared  his  heir.  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Fermanagh  (Q 
Car.   n. 

(113).  Dcwrosse. — See  pp.  279, 28a  Thetwoondeitakcn 
above  named  held   this  proportion  jointly  for  a  tine, 
but,  in  1 63 1,  Henry  Flower  was  found  by  inqiiiMtioa  to 
have  had  exclusive  possession  thereof.     He  died  in  i6a^ 
and  was  succeeded  by  his  son  and  heir,  Thomas  Fkrvo; 
who  was  then  a  child,  six  years  of  age.     This  propoitidB 
appears  to  have  been  made  up  of  land  aold  to  Hcaiy 
Y  lower  by  Thomas  Barton  ana  Jobn  ScdbonMiglL     Ai 
for  Edward  Sibthorpe,  he  also  bought  lands  fiomjohft 
Sedborough,  on  the  8th  of  June,  16 13.     The  naft  oC 
the  several  parcels  thus  sold  were  Dromsare*  Ariie»Dioai 
syllaghe,   Boysallowe,  Golan,  Tatenegeragh,  MuUaada- 
hoge,   and  TateconneU.     Sibthorpe  let  Uiae  laadb  to 
several  persons  for  a  term  of  71  mxu    The  namet  of  Vi 
tenants  were  Robert  Allen,  Faitmal  Tcate^  a 


PYNNAR'S    SURVEY. 


489 


and  Stone,  60  feet  square,  with  two  Flankers ;  there  is  no  House  in  it ;  but  it  standeth  waste,  and 
is  now  a  Pound  for  Cattle ;  near  to  this  Bawne  there  is  built  a  Village  in  which  there  are  14 
Houses  inhabited  with  English  Families ;  but  I  saw  not  their  Estates ;  for  the  Undertakers  were 
out  of  the  Country,  and  none  to  bring  them  together.     All  that  I  could  see  was, 

I  having  60  acres. 

1  having  60  acres. 

LIX.  1,500  Acres. 
Thomas  Blenerhasset  (114)  hath  1,500  acres,  called  Edemagh,  Upon  this  Proportion 
there  is  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone ;  the  length  is  75  feet,  and  the  breadth  is  47  feet,  and  12 
feet  high,  having  four  Flankers.  Within  this  BawTie  there  is  a  House  of  the  length  thereof,  and 
20  feet  broad,  two  Stories  and  a  half  high,  his  Wife  and  Family  dwelling  therein  (115).  He  hath 
begun  a  Church.  He  hath  also  a  small  Village  consisting  of  six  Houses  built  of  Cagework, 
inhabited  with  English,     I  find  planted  and  estated  on  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  4,  viz., 
I  having  80  acres. 
I  having  46  acres. 
I  having  22  acres. 
1  having  60  acres. 


Lessees  for  years,  3,  viz., 
I  having  16  acres. 
1  having  26  acres. 
I  having  8  acres  (116). 


Total,  7  Families,  who  with  their 
Undertenants  can  make,  as  I  am 
informed,  26  Men ;  but  I  saw  them 
not ;  for  the  Undertakers  and  many 
of  the  Tenants  were  absent. 


and  Christopher  Gascoine.  On  the  death  of  Edward 
Sibthorpe,  his  brother,  Sir  Christopher  Sibthorpe,  suc- 
ceeded to  his  lands,  and  let  them,  for  a  term  of  80  years, 
to  Robert  Newcomen,  Esq.,  who  had  married  the  widow 
of  Edward  Sibthorpe  ;  and  to  William  Stamers,  gentleman; 
none  of  all  the  persons  above  named  ha\ing  taken  the 
oath  of  supremacy,  and  much  of  the  lands,  therefore,  as 
they  held  under  John  Sed borough's  patent,  escheating 
to  the  Crown.  (See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Fer- 
managh, (55)  Car.  I).  On  the  29th  of  June,  1630, 
there  was  a  re-grant  to  Edward  Halton  and  John  Green- 
ham,  of  the  small  proportion  of  Dowrosse,  in  the  barony 
or  precinct  of  Lurge  and  CoolmcKernan,  with  all  the 
lands  thereto  belonging,  containing  1,000  acres,  with  a 
free  fishery  in  the  lake  of  Lough  Erne.  To  be  held  as  of 
the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  free  and  common  socage.  The 
lands  were  created  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of 
Hunningsto^une,  with  power  to  create  tenures,  and  hold 
court  leet  and  baron,  free  warren,  park,  and  chase  ;  a 
market  on  every  Saturday,  at  the  town  of  Hunningstowne, 
and  a  fair  on  the  24th  of  March,  with  all  such  conditions 
and  covenants  as  are  inserted  in  the  patents  of  undertakers 
of  like  proportions  in  the  province  of  Ulster,  and  also 
according  to  his  Majesty's  instructions  for  the  renewal  of 
snch  grants  as  had  become  void. 

(114).    Thomas  Blentrhasset. — See  p.  277.    Thisunder- 
M    2 


takfer  is  not  mentioned  by  Carew,  but  Gatisfeth,  already 
quoted,  states  in  161 1,  that  he,  Thomas,  ''has  with  him  six 
persons,  one  a  joiner,  another  a  carpenter,  and  three 
other  workmen,  with  one  tenant.  He  has  built  a  boat, 
and  has  broken  stones  for  lime,  and  some  burnt ;  and 
30  trees  felled  ;  some  squared  and  sawed  ;  a  fair  large 
Irish  house  built,  with  windows  and  rooms  after  the 
English  manner,  wherein  is  a  kitchen  with  stove,  chim- 
ney, and  oven.'* 

(115).  Dwelling  tlurein, — An  inquisition  mentions  the 
buildings  on  this  proportion,  in  1629,  as  consisting  of  a 
stone  house  79  feet  long,  24  feet  in  width,  and  30  feet 
high  ;  a  bawn  504  feet  in  circumference,  the  walls  being 
12  feet  high,  with  4  flankers  30  feet  in  height ;  another 
stone  house  65  feet  long,  19  feet  wide,  and  18  feet  high  ; 
and  a  church  76 >^  feet  long,  13  feet  in  height,  and  2^% 
feet  in  width.  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Fermanr^h,  (2) 
Car.  I. 

(116)  Acres. — The  inquisition  already  quoted  gives  the 
names  of  six  British  settlers  on  this  proportion,  but  does 
not  state  whether  they  were  freeholders  or  leaseholders. 
Their  names  were  Maurice  Cowper,  Robert  Rakins 
[Rankin  ?],  Thomas  Andre^e,  Thomas  Poe,  \Vm.  Cox, 
and  Clinton  Ogell.  Thomas  Blenerhassett,  by  indenture, 
dated  September  i,  1615,  conveyed  to  \Vm.  Cope,  of 
Killmayneham,   county  of  Dublin,  the  tates  of  Agha- 


490 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


LX.  i,ooo  Acres. 

This  was  John    Thurston's  at   first  Sir  Edward  Blenerhassei   and  Thomets  Blemrkasstt 

hath  I, ooo  acres,  called   Talmackein  (\\i).  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  nothing  at  all  built, 
and  all  the  land  is  inhabited  with  Irish, 

LXI.     1,500  Acres. 

Francis  Blenerhassei^   son   to   Sir  Edward  Blenerh<isset   (118),   hath    1,500    acres,   called 

Bannaghmore  (119).     Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  strong  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  being  80 

feet  long,  and  60  feet  broad,  and  a  Stone  House  three  stories  high ;  all  finished ;  himself  and 

Family  dwelling  in  it  (120).     He  hath  also  built  a  Village  near  unto  the  Bawne,  consisting  of  nine 


grewen  and  Dromcullen,  12  acres  next  Crevinsh,  and  4 
additional  acres  adjoining,  for  an  annual  rent  of  15J.  4//. 
(Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Fermanagh,  (2)  and  (48)  Car.  I.) 
The  following  are  the  names  of  the  Irish  yearly  tenants, 
some  of  whom  held  as  much  as  2  talcs  each  or  half  a 
quarter  of  land  :— Teig  McCaffery,  Neil  McCaffery,  Teig 
McCafTerey,  Brian  roe  Cassidie,  Patrick  oge  McCafferey, 
Phillip  McCaffery,  Corraac  O'Rowarty,  Laughlin  McCaf- 
ferey, Neece  O  Corre,  Art  O'Mullan,  John  Maguire, 
Patrick  O^Roherty,  Brian  McEnny,  Patrick  duff  McCaf- 
ferey, Cormac  merga  O'Muldoone,  Neil  McCaffery,  and 
Patrick  modder  McCaffery.  The  lands  on  this  propor- 
tion deemed  most  suitable  for  the  location  ot  Irish 
tenants  were  the  tates  called  Tatenetoborad,  Cloncaha, 
Clancama,  Shranadoroe,  Dromsawny,  Gortenegullin, 
Dromorc,  Cromline,  Colaghta,  Edeneveghie,  Trowne, 
Larga,  Tevexperde,  Tyrwynye,  Tollynegen,  Mullorkfemo, 
and  Aghigrcwen.  (ibid),  Thomas  Blenerhassett,  who 
owned  not  only  the  1,500  acres  called  the  proportion  of 
Edernagh,  but  the  1,000  acres  called  the  prooortion  of 
TuUegane  or  Toll}'naken,  died  on  I  ith  March,  1624.  His 
eldest  son  and  heir,  Samuel,  was  then  24  years  of  age,  and 
unmarried.  (Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Fermanagh,  ( i )  Car.  I. ) 
He  did  not  long  survive  his  father,  as,  three  years  after- 
wards, we  find  his  younger  brother,  Leonard,  in  possession. 
Duringthe  lifetime  of  the  latter,  and  subsequently,  the  pro- 
perty was  known  as  the  manor  and  lands  of  Castlehassdt, 
On  the  2nd  of  August,  1634,  Leonard  Blenerhassett  in- 
dented to  Robert  Flack,  a  clergyman,  the  lands  of  Mul- 
lochmore  and  Gortkeryn,  for  a  yearly  rent  of  40*.  On 
the  24th  of  February,  1632,  he  leased  the  %  tate  of 
Dr()nin>llo,  to  Jerome  Emery,  for  an  annual  rent  of  205, 
4r/.  The  tate  called  Edernagh  was  demised  to  Robert 
Ycatcs,  2 1st  September,  1627,  for  a  term  of  99  years, 
fur  the  annual  rent  of  8/.  Robert  Yeates's  wife  was 
named  Mildred  ;  and  his  chiklrcn's  names  were  Joseph 
and  Mary.  The  parcel  called  Comecree,  was  let  Slay  I, 
1629,  to  Anthony  Childerhowsc,  for  the  yearly  rent  of 
*one  fatt  hogg,*  or  6j.  sterling.  The  other  British  ten- 
ants obtaining  lands  from  Ixionard  Blenerhassett  were 
John  and  Thomas  Vernam,  Joseph  Walker,  Christopher 
Irvinge  of  Lowcrstowne,  John  Maxwell  of  Quilles,  and 
John  Betty  of  Ballyseillan.  Leonanl  Blenerhassett  died 
in  or  about  1639.  His  wife,  Deborah  Jlassett,  was  then 
living.  (Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Fermanagh,  (48)  Car. 
\.)  On  the  27th  of  October,  1630,  there  was  a  re-grant 
lo   Leonartl   Blennerhassett,  his  heirs  and  assigns,   for 


ever,  of  two  proportions,  one  called  Edernagh,  containiof 
1,500  acres,  and  the  other  Tullynagen,  containing  1,500 
acres,  with  a  free  fisheiy  in  the  lake  or  water  of  Lough- 
erne.  To  be  held  as  of  the  castle  of  Duhlin,  in  free  and 
common  socage.  The  lands  are  created  into  a  manor,  to 
be  called  the  manor  of  Castlehassett ;  with  power  to  create 
tenures,  hold  court  leet  and  court  baron,  free  wano, 
park,  and  chase  ;  with  all  such  covenants  as  are  inserted 
m  patents  of  like  proportions  in  Ulster ;  also  snbject  to 
the  King's  terms  for  renewal  of  grant«. 

(117).  Talmackein, — ^The  name  of  this  lot  is  writta 
Tollynakein  in  the  inquisition  above  quoted.  (See  note 
preceding,  which  represents,  in  the  grant,  that  ToUymgcn 
had  expanded  from  1,000  to  1,500  acres).  Mitten  vf^ 
pear  to  have  remained  as  here  described  t^  Pynnir,  as, 
m   1629,   there  were  no  British  settlers  fouiul  00  tbe 

{)roperty.  At  that  date,  Irish  tenants  whose  names  hoe 
bllow  were  in  occupation  of  the  lands  : — Dowdta^h 
McCabe,  Andree  O'Harran,  Hugh  Boy  Maguire,  Doniial 
Oge  Maguire,  John  McGilpatrick,  Hugh  Magnire,  Coo 
McShane O'Neil,  Morrogh O'Shenan,  DermotMcCafioy, 
Tames  McMurtagh,  Phe.  [Felim]  McRory,  Owen  lifcTv* 
Wh  boy,  Hugh  O'Shewnan,  Owen  McIuUibriedie^  Fdia 
O  Muldoone. 

(118).  Blenerhasset. — Gatisfeth  notices  this  undertaker*! 
son  as  manager  of  the  lands  of  which,  in  Pynnar's  UiDe,be 
was  owner.  ' '  Sir  Edward,  "says  he  "  whose  son,  as  aeeat 
for  his  father,  is  there,  and  with  him  six  persons,  of  «» 
two  have  their  wives.  They  have  made  one  English  hooe^ 
with  three  rooms  beneath,  a  chimney,  and  an  oven,  with  a 
loft,  and  a  part  of  the  house  is  already  thatched.  They 
have  four  mares  and  a  horse  ;  and  have  brought  a  doMi 
head  of  cattle. 

(119).  Banfiaghmore. — See  p.  377.  This  pcDpoitiqD 
was  originally  ^nted  to  Edward  BlenerliasKtt.  bat  it 
due  time  came  mto  the  possession  of  his  son  and  hei^ 
Francis  Blenerhassett  During  Sir  Edward's  life^  nan? 
Irish  were  living  on  the  property  as  yearly  tenants,  aad 
although  Pynnar  states  that  they  had  disappeared  ait  the 
time  of  his  visit,  it  was  found  by  inquisition  that  fcv  had 
returned  in  1629,  viz.,  Alexander  McGolrick,  GiOcmov 
O'Hagan,  Edward  boy  McGoIrick,  aad  Knogher  Qp 
O'Moyle. 

(120).  Dwelling  in  H, — ^The  inqniiition  now  quoted  !«• 
ports  the  following  buildings  in  1629,  viz.,  a  stone  ham 
67  feet  in  length,  27  feet  h&h,  and  a6  wide ;  and  a  hum 
316  feet  in  circumference,  the  walls  bduDg  14  feet  hi|^ 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


491 


Houses  of  good  cagework.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Bnttish  Families, 

There    are   divers   other    lease- 
holders which  I  saw  not ;   for  the 
Undertaker  was  in  England,  and  I 
Freeholders  (121),  4,  viz.,  came  suddenly  upon  them.     But  by 

I  having  120  acres  and  a  Tenement.  a  Jury  1  found  the  Land  to  have 

I  having  120  acres.  22  Bfittish  Families  upon  it,  which, 

I  having  60  acres.  with  their  Undertenants,  were  able 

I  having  50  acres.  to   make    40  Men ;    and   store   of 

Arms  in  his  House,  and  I  saw  not 
one  Irish  Family  upon  all  the  Land. 
The  Precinct  of  Code  and  Tircanada  (122),  allotted  to  Servitors  and  Natives. 

LXn.     1,000  Acres. 
Sir  William  Coh  (see  p.  355),  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Cornegrade.     Upon  this  Proportion 
there  is  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  68  feet  long,  56  broad,  and  12  feet  high,  with  two  Flankers. 
I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land, 

Lessees  for  3  lives,  7,  viz.,  These  have  all  taken  the  Oath  of 

3  having  60  acres  le  piece.  Supremacy,  and  are  able  to  make 

4  having  30  acres  le  piece.  18  Men  armed  ;  and  he  hath  a  good 

Water  Mill. 
LXni.     1,000  Acres. 
Sir  Henry  Folliot  hath  1,500  acres,  called  Neufporton  (123).      Upon  this  Proportion  there  is 


(121).  Freeholders.  —  If  these  tenants  were  really  visible 
to  any  eyes,  (for  Pynnar  states  that  he  saw  none), 
they  had  disappeared  in  1629,  as  there  is  not  a  hint 
of  them  in  that  year,  although  the  state  of  affairs  appears 
to  have  been  then  investigated  pretty  sharply.  By  in- 
quisitions held  at  Enniskillen  in  1630  and  1032,  it  was 
found  that  several  Irish  tenants  were  in  occupation  of 
lands  on  this  proportion,  in  addition  to  the  four  named 
above.  "The  %  tate  of  Lamragh  ;  the  %  and  %  of  the  tate 
of  Rossemore  ;  ^  of  the  tate  of  Dulrush,  within  the 
middle  proportion  of  Bannaghmore,  weare  mortgaged 
about  6  yea  res  si  thence  by  said  Francis  Blenerhassett,  to 
one  lieutenant  Brian  Stapleton,  whoe  leased  the  same  to 
one  Neil  O'Higgen,  a  meere  Irishman,  for  four  yeares 
from  May  daie,  1627  ;  and  said  Neil  O'Higgen  ploweth 
and  graseth  the  same,  being  worthe  20/.  per  annum.  The 
]/{  of  the  tate  of  Aghablene,  hath  been  possessed  sithence 
the  date  of  the  letters  paltents  [to  Blenerhassett],  by  Coll 
Oge  O'Monaghan,  a  meere  Irishman,  who  hath,  and  still 
doth  plowe,  grase,  and  depasture  the  same."  On  similar 
terms,  James  Magrath,  Esq.,  Bryan  McMolhan,  Rory 
Maguire,  Rory  McCollowe  Maguire,  Cooconaght  Cieary, 
Cooconaght  Maguire,  Henry  O'Moildoyne,  and  Connor 
Oge  O'Doyle  had  lands  of  greater  or  less  extent  on  this 
proportion.  "All  the  said  parcells  are  undertakers' 
lands,  and  were  soe  granted  to  the  said  Francis  Blener- 
hassett, as  an  undertaker,  upon  the  condition  aforesaid  [of 


only  giving  %  of  the  proportion  to  Irish  tenants],  whereby 
all  the  rents  and  profitts  of  the  said  several!  tates  are 
become  forfeited  to  the  Kinge."  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster^ 
Fermanagh  (32)  and  (33)  Car.  I).  On  the  24th  of  July, 
1630,  there  was  a  re-grant  to  Francis  Blennerhassctt  of 
the  middle  proportion  of  Banaghmore,  containing  1,260 
acres,  the  advowson  of  the  rectory  of  Magheryculmany, 
and  a  free  fishery  in  the  lake  of  Lough  Erne.  The  lands 
to  be  erected  into  a  manor,  called  the  manor  of  Banagh- 
more, with  the  same  conditions  and  covenants  as  inserted 
in  other  similar  re-grants  of  Ulster  lands.  For  an  account 
of  F.  Blenerhasset's  dispute  with  the  Bishop  of  Clogher, 
see  Morrin's  Calendar^  reign  of  Charles  I.,  p.  404. 

(122).  CooU  and  Tircanada. — The  lands  comprised 
in  this  precinct  were  generally  of  a  muirland  character, 
although  such  servitors  as  had  proportions  therein  found 
several  patches  of  good  soil.  The  natives  have  considerably 
reclaimed  and  improved  that  district  during  the  last  two 
centuries. 

(123).  Newporton. — See  p.  334.  This  proportion  is 
called  in  an  inquisition  the  manor  of  Dronikyn  aV  New- 
pirton^  consisting  of  1,500  acres,  and  considerably  aug- 
mented by  purchases  subsequently  to  its  orginal  grant 
from  the  Crown,  dated  May  16,  161 1.  Lord  Folliolt's 
exchange  of  certain  lands  with  Thomas  Barton  has  already 
been  noticed,  by  which  the  former  got  five  tates  and 
surrendered  only  two.     Folliott     also   purchased   from 


492 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


a  strong  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  150  feet  long,  120  feet  wide,  and  12  feet  high,  with  three 
Flankers ;  within  the  Bawne  there  is  a  strong  House  of  Lime  and  Stone,  three  Stories  high, 
himself  with  his  Lady  and  Family  dwelling  in  it  Near  unto  this  Bawne  he  hath  made  a  Town, 
consisting  of  eleven  Houses,  all  inhabited  with  Scottish  and  English  families.  He  hath  also  a 
Water  Mill  for  Corn. 

LXIV.     1,000  Acres 
Captain  Paul  Gore  (124)  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Carrick,     Upon  this  Prop>ortion  there  is  a 
Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  with  a  House  in  it,  inhabited  by  an  English  Gentleman.      He  hath 
on  this  Land  eight  English  Families. 

LXV.     1,000  Acres. 
Captain  Roger  Atkinson  (see  p.  335)  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Cook,      Upon  this  Proportion 
there  is  a  strong  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  60  feet  square,  with  three  Flankers.     He  hath  a  strong 
Stone  House,  in  which  his  Wife,  with  his  Family  dwelleth.      He  hath  two  Freeholders  all  resident 
on  the  Land.     Here  are  two  Water-Mills,  one  for  Corn,  and  another  a  Tucking  Mill. 

LXVL     1,500  Acres. 
Con  McShane  GNeale  hath  1,500  acres,  called  Clabby  (125).     Upon  this  Proportion  he  hath 
made  a  little  Bawne  of  Sodds,  and  a  House  within  it  of  Lime  and  Stone,  very  strongly  built    He 
hath  made  three  Leaseholders  which  have  each  of  them  60  acres  for  21  years;  but  all  his  Tenants 
do  plough  after  the  Irish  Manner. 

LXVn.     2,000  Acres. 
Brian  Maguire  (126)  hath  2,000  acres,  called  Tempodessell  (12*]) y  and  500  acres  which  woe 


Shane  McGilpatricke  McGwycr,  gent.,  two  tales  called 
Roch  and  Killbrossill,  mearing  on  the  lands  of  Sir 
William  Cole,  Capt.  Roger  Atkinson,  on  the  south 
and  south-east ;  on  the  parish  of  Magherenecross  on 
the  east  ;  and  on  Lord  Folliott*s  own  lands  at  all 
other  parts.  He  also  purchased  from  Francis  Goflon, 
Esq.,  3>^  tates  callc<l  Cavan-reagh,  Danuchdridge,  Ad- 
deddoer,  and  Carea,  being  parcel  of  the  abbey  of  Assaroe, 
in  the  barony  of  Lurg,  and  mearing  on  the  lands  of  the 
Hishop  of  Cloghcr  north-east,  and  on  the  lands  of 
Thomas  Hlcncrhassett,  Esq.,  south-west.  {Inquisiiions 
of  Ulster^  Fermanagh,  (3)  Jac  I.)  Lord  Folliott  demised 
the  whole  manor  of  Newpirton  and  grange  of  Killeme  to 
Sir  William  Cole  and  Sir  Robert  Kinge,  for  his,  Folliott's, 
use  during  his  life,  and  after  his  death  for  the  use  of  Lady 
Anne  Folliott,  and  after  her  death  for  the  use  of  his  legi- 
timate offspring.  Inquisitions  of  Ulster ,  Fermanagh,  (4) 
Jac.  \. 

(124).  Paul  Gore, — This  ser\'itor  left  two  sons.  Sir 
Ralph  Core  who  succeeded  to  the  property,  was  ancestor 
to  the  carls  of  Ross.  The  second  son,  Arthur,  settled 
at  Xewtown-Gore,  in  the  county  of  Mayo,  and  married 
a  daughter  of  Sir  George  St.  George  of  Carrick,  in  the 
county  of  Lcitrim.  His  grandson,  also  named  Arthur, 
was  advanced  to  the  Peerage  by  the  titles  of  Baron 
Saunders  of  iJecps,  in  the  county  of  Wexford,  and  Vis- 
count Sudley  of  Castle-Gore,  in  the  county  of  Mayo.     In 


1759,  he  was  created  Earl  of  Anan— deriving  tJbe 
of  his  earldom  from  the  coonty  of  Galway.  The  two  old 
family  residences  of  the  earla  of  Anan  were  Nevtowa- 
Gore,  in  the  county  of  Mayo,  and  Saimders-Comt,  in  the 
county  of  Weidbrd.  See  Lod^*s  Peerage^  edited  by 
Archdall,  vol.  iii.,  pp.  110-I17. 

(125).  CeUUd  ClMy.—Set  p.  336.  On  the  3rd  cC 
April,  1622,  Con  McShane  O  Neill  enfeofied  the  tni- 
tees  under-named  in  his  lands,  viz.,  Langhlen  Mcapnar 
O'Donelly,  Patrick  modera  O'Donelly,  Snacn  Moprior 
O'Donnelly,  and  Adam  Trever  of  Mollagfanahome^  geaL 
Con  McShane  died  on  the  20th  December.  1630 ;  ad 
Arte  oge  O'Neill,  his  son  and  heir,  was  then  of  age,  sod 
married.  Inquisitions  of  Uisifr,  Fermanagh,  (23)  ad 
(42)  Car.  L 

(126).  Brian  Maguire. —In  1611,  Carew  lefeiiiiig  to 
the  natives  of  Fermanagh,  in  his  report  says: — "wa 
Maguyre  and  Con  McShane  O'Neale  have  ieino>ed  tD 
portions  assigned  them,  and  built  great  copeUed  hoaoi 
where  they  dwell.  No  other  natives  of  that  tattStf 
have  yet  removed,  nor  is  any  work  done." 

(127).  TempodesselL—Stt  p.  33^  For  ufacnBtt  » 
this  Brian,  son  of  old  Cnconnasht,  and  brother  of  Sir 
Hugh,  of  young  Cuconnaght,  and  of  Tiriagfa,  see  ^  1I& 
According  to  Dr.  O'Dcoovan,  this  Brian  llagnire  W 
one  son,  named  Hush,  who  married  a  lady  of  the  pn 
pal  family  of  the  0'Kcallys»  and  by  her  left  a 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


493 


his  brother's  [Tirlagh's],  lately  deceased.  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  large  Bawne  of  Sodds, 
and  a  good  House  of  Lime  and  Stone.  He  hath  made  5  Leaseholders,  which  have  each  of  them 
60  acres  for  21  years,  and  all  his  Tenants  do  plough  after  the  Irish  Manner  (128). 

The  Precinct  of  Magheriboy^  allotted  to  Scottish  Undertakers. 
[In  161 1,  Carew  made  the  following  report  of  affairs  in  this  barony  or  precinct  of  Mageraboy : — 
**  Sir  John  Home,   Knight,  2,000  acres ;  has  taken  possession,    returned  into  Scotland,   nothing 


Cuconnaght  More.  The  latter  married  a  daughter  of  Ever 
Magcnnis,  of  Castlcwellan,  in  the  county  of  Down.  He, 
Cuconnaght,  "mortgaged  a  great  part  of  his  estate,  to 
raise,  arm,  and  support  a  regiment  of  horse  for  the  service 
of  James  II.  According  to  the  traditions  in  the  family, 
which  appear  to  be  correct,  he  fought  desperately  at  the 
pass  of  Aughrim,  where  he  was  killed,  and  his  regiment 
cut  to  pieces,  after  having  nearly  annihilated  the  second 
Foment  of  British  horse.  He  was  struck  down  by  a 
grape  shot,  and  left  dead  on  the  field  ;  but  one  of  his 
followers,  named  O'Dumin,  is  said  to  have  cut  off  his 
head  with  his  sword,  and  to  have  carried  it  in  a  bag  to  the 
island  of  Devenish,  where  he  interred  it  in  the  family 
tomb  of  the  Magwires.  The  late  Bryan  Maguire  of 
Tempo,  and  of  Clontarf,  Dublin,  states,  in  a  pedigree  of 
his  family,  which  he  printed  in  1811,  that  the  descend- 
ants of  this  O'Dumin  were  then  living  in  Dublin."  This 
Cuconnaght  More's  great  grandson,  Hugh  Maguire  of 
Tempo,  is  described  as  "one  of  the  most  puissant,  high- 
minded,  and  accomi)lished  gentlemen  that  ever  came  of 
the  Maguire  family.  The  editor  [Dr.  O'Donovan]  was 
acquainted  with  many  persons  who  knew  him  intimately 
and  were  entertained  at  his  hospitable  and  sumptuous 
table  at  Tempo.  He  mortgaged  Tempo,  and  left  his 
family  in  great  distress."  This  hospitable  gentleman's 
grandsons  "were  reduced  to  the  condition  of  common 
sailors  on  the  coal  vessels  sailing  between  Dublin  and 
the  coasts  of  Wales.  Thus,  has  the  proudest  blood  of 
Ireland  sunk  to  one  of  the  most  vulgar  states  of  human  ex- 
istence, and  commingled  with  that  class  amongst  whom, 
a  century  ago,  according  to  Dean  Swift,  the  true  repre- 
sentatives of  the  ancient  Irish  nobility  were  to  be  found." 
See  the  Four  Mastcrsy  vol.  vi.,  pp.  2,366-2,368. 

(128).  Irish  Maiimr. — In  other  words,  ploughing  by 
the  tail.  See  p.  459.  A  report  from  Irish  commis- 
sioners contains  the  following  passage  in  reference  to  this 
custom,  and  to  the  discreditable  pretences  made  to  sup- 
press it  by  the  Government: — "The  barbarous  use  of 
Ploughing  with  Garrons  tyed  by  the  Tailes  was  restrained 
by  the  Councell  here.  Afterwards  the  same  was  per- 
mitted, and  a  mulct  imposed  of  loj.  for  every  short  plough, 
which  forfeiture  in  Anno  1 61 2,  was  granted  to  Sir  Wm. 
Udale,  whose  patent  is  still  in  force.  And  where  it  was 
directed  that  the  Patentee  should  be  compounded  with, 
and  the  same  taken  in  your  [the  King's]  owne  hands, 
w€  find  noething  done  in  that  kinde  ;  but  by  a  Letter 
from  the  Lords  of  the  Councell  in  England,  your  Majesty 
requires  the  Deputy  to  give  warrant  to  the  Patentee  to 
levy  the  Penalties  as  before ;  by  which  means  this  barbar- 
ous custome  of  ploughing  with  Horses  tyed  by  the  Tailes 
is  still  continued  in  many  places,  for  restraint  whereof  .we 
find  noe  Law  or  statute  here  in  force.     And  the  countrie 


hath  renewed  their  complaints  that  this  annual  execution 
of  I  Or.  for  every  short  Plough  hath,  in  many  places,  hurt 
and  impoverished  the  country :  and  by  colour  thereof,  of 
some  have  l^een  taken  and  extorted  Money  for  their  liar- 
rowes  (as  we  are  informed)  ;  and  of  some  of  less  abilitie, 
composition  made  at  less  rates  than  the  penaltie  of  lOf. 
appointed  (as  was  directlie  proved).     So  that  the  use  of 
this  Patent  lends  more  to  a  private  gaine  than  to  a  Re- 
formacion :  In  regard  whereof,  and  the  due  consideration 
of  the  now  scarcity  of  Come,  and  the  Povertie  of  this 
People,  we  conceive  it  fitt  that  short  Ploughs  should  be 
tollerated  till  the  firste  of  Aprill  and  no  longer  ;  that  in 
the  meantime  men   may  furnish  themselves   with  such 
Ploughs  as  are  in  use  in  England,  or  learn  to  use  their 
short  Ploughs,  setting  their  garrons  three  or  four  Horses 
affront,    which   is  free  from   unseemliness  and  fitter  for 
some  mountainous  and  hoggish  grounds  than  the  long 
Plough,  as  is  now  begun  and  practised  in  the  barony  of 
Clankie  [Clonkee],  in  the  count ie  of   Cavan,  which  we 
rather  advise ;  because  we  ha\  e  received  credible  Infer- 
macion  that  the  Earle  of  Antrim  in  the  county  of  Antrim, 
where  he  hath  divers  Baronies,  hath  banished  that  barbar- 
ous Custome,  by  holding  all  his  Tennants  to  the  fashion 
of  English  plowing  ;  and  Sir  George  Hamilton  hath  al- 
ready reformed  his  Tennants,  and  so  others.     And  your 
MatJcs  ayme  appearinge  by  all  the  Acts  to  tend  to  Refor- 
macion  of  the   Abuse,    and   to    remove   the   barbarous 
Practise  Wee  offer  to  your  Mamies  conslderacion  whither 
it  were  not  fitt,  that  your  Royal  Pleasure  shall  by  a  Pro- 
clamation be  published,  inhibiting  all  your  subjects  here 
after  the  ffirst  day  of  Aprill  next,  from  ploughing  with 
Garrons,  or  Bullocks,  tyed  by  the  Tayles,  upon  paine  of 
your  high  displeasure,   and  such  as  shall  offend  to  be 
bounde  to  their  good  behaviours  till  they  reforme."     It  is 
remarkable  with  what  tenacity  the  Irish,  in  some  districts, 
clung  to  this  method  of  ploughing — and  under  the  im- 
pression that  it  was  the  most  humane !     So  late  as  the 
year  1777,  when  the  well-known  tourist  Young,  visited 
Cavan,  he  found  the  practice  in  full  force.     "  They  very 
commonly"   says    he,    "plough  and  harrow  with   their 
horses  drawing    by  the  tail ;   it   is  done  every  season. 
Nothing  can  put  them  bearide  this,  and  they  insist  that, 
take  a  horse  tired  i.i  traces,  and  put  him  to  work  by  the 
tail,  he  will  draw  better ;  quite  fresh  again.     Indignant 
reader,  this  is  no  jest  of  mine,  but  cruel,  stubborn,  bar- 
barous truth !     It  is  so  all  over  Cavan."     See  Young's 
Tour  in  Ireland,  published  in  1780.     In  Roscommon, 
the  practice  existed  so  recently  as  the  year  1809,  and  pro- 
bably much  later.     Otway's  Sketcfifs  in  Erris  and  Ty* 
rawlry  contain  a  letter  from  a  resident  in  Erris  [1845] 
defending  the  old  custom  !     See  Ulster  JoumeU  of  Arch^ 
oeology,  vol.  vl,  pp.  216-217. 


494 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


done,  nor  any  agent  present.  Robert  Hamylton^  1,500  acres ;  has  been  here  to  see  the  land,  but  has 
not  taken  possession,  and  nothing  done.  But  since  our  return  [to  Dublin]  he  is  arrived  in  Fermanagh 
(as  we  are  informed),  with  18  tenants  and  artificers  for  planting;  with  60  head  of  cattle,  10  horses 
and  mares  for  labour ;  is  felling  timber  and  providing  materials  for  building.  William  FouUr^ 
1,500  acres ;  taken  possession,  returned  into  Scotland,  done  nothing.  James  Gybb^  1,000  acres; 
the  like.  Jerhome  Lindsey,  1,000  acres  ;  took  possession  by  attorney,  did  nothing  else.  Alexander 
Home,  1,000  acres;  the  like.  John  Downebarr,  1,000  acres;  taken  possession,  returned  into 
Scotland,  and  sent  over  six  persons,  whereof  two  freeholders,  one  leaseholder,  one  tenxmt  for  years, 
and  two  tenants  at  will ;  some  building  in  hand ;  eight  horses  for  work  brought  over,  with  money 
to  provide  materials." 

Gatisfeth's  account  is,  if  possible,  still  more  discouraging : — "  Sir  John  Hum^s  man  is  thcie 
receiving  his  rent  and  duties,  but  nothing  done. 

Mr.  Hamleton  has  come  lately,  and  with  him  10  people,  with  14  garrons  and  horses,  and  is 
buying  cattle  daily ;  is  about  to  set  up  a  plough  or  two  instantly.  As  yet  nothing  built  Mr, 
Dunbar  5  brother  is  there  taking  up  his  duties  and  rent,  but  doth  nothing  else  that  I  see.  For  all 
the  rest,  some  of  them  came  and  saw  the  land  and  went  their  ways,  and  what  order  they  took  I 
know  not,  and  what  is  above  ^^Titten  is  all  that  I  have  seen."] 

LXVIII.  1,000  Acres. 
Jeremy  Lynsey  was  first  Patentee  (see  p.  304).  Sir  William  Cole,  Knight^  hath  1,000  acres, 
called  Dromskeagh,  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  68  feet  squaxe, 
13  feet  high,  with  four  Flankers,  and  a  stone  House  or  Castle  three  Stories  high,  strongly  wiou^ 
(129).  He  hath  also  an  excellent  Wind  Mill.  I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of 
Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

lessees  for  years,  1 1 ,  viz.,  These  1 3  Families  haw  all  taken 

the  Oath  of  Supremacy,  and  have 


1  having  120  acres. 

2  having  90  acres  jointly. 
7  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

I  having  a  Tenement  at  Will. 

(129).  Strons^ly  wrought. — Sir  William  Cole  purchased 
this  manor  or  proportion  from  Jeremy  or  Jerom  Lindsay, 
on  the  15th  of  Octol)er,  1612,  and  soon  afterwards  com- 
menced extensive  buildings  ihereon.  The  inqui.sition 
now  quoted  makes  mention  of  these  buildings  as  follows  : 
— "Sir  William  Cole  erected  upon  the  tate  calleil  Lurga- 
veigh  al'  Learganaffiegh  alias  Porttdorie,  one  fortt  and 
bawne  of  lynie  and  stone,  containing  60  footc  square, 
every  way,  and  10  foote  in  height,  with  two  flankers  of 
lyme  and  stone,  each  containing  16  foot  in  height  ;  and 
hath  likewise  erected,  adjoininge  thereto,  one  castle  or 
capital  messuage  of  lyme  and  stone,  containing  66  foote 
in  length,  23  in  breatlth,  an<I  30  in  height,  with  two 
flankers  of  lyme  and  stone,  containing  30  foote  in  height 


1 1  Tenants  under  them,  being  aUe 
to  make  34  Men  (130). 


an<l  ten  foote  wide.  There  is  also  built  and  planted  appon 
and  within  the  sayd  proportion  22  English-like  booses, 
and  therein  now  dwelling  and  inhabiting  22  British  tenants, 
with  their  families." 

(130).  Thirty-four  men, — It  appears  fiom  theinquis- 
tion  above  quoted  that  neither  Sir  William  C<^  nor  his 
tenants  had  taken  this  oath  of  supremacy.  The  foQowii^ 
is  the  report,  in  1629,  of  the  subletting  on  this  propcrtj  : 
— <*The  said  Sir  Wil'  Cole,  knight,  did  not  take  tlie  aid 
oath,  notwithstanding  whidi  he,  on  the  1st  of  July,  in  the 
nth  yeare  of  his  late  MajLsties  raigne  [1613],  by  his 
[Cole's]  deede  of  feoffment,  did  enfeoffe  Thorns  Sham  fk 
Eniskillen,  gent,  of  that  peiotil  of  lande  called  Drmi- 
skeagh  and  Cannarlagh,  containing  two  grente  tptci  wtt 


PYNNARS   SURVEY. 


495 


LXIX.     i,scx>  Acres. 

Sir  Robert  Hamilton  was  first  Patentee.  Makolme  Hamilton  hath  i,ooo  acres,  called  Der- 
rinefogher.  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  strong  Castle  of  Lime  and  Stone,  being  54  feet 
long,  and  20  feet  broad ;  but  hath  no  Bawne  unto  it,  nor  any  other  Defence  for  the  succouring 
or  relieving  his  Tenants  (131).  I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Birth  and 
Descent, 

Freeholders,  3,  viz., 
I  having  384  acres.  Of  all  these  14  Tenants,  there  are 

I  Jiaving  120  acres.  seven  of  them  have  taken  the  Oath 

I  having  60  acres  (132).  of    Supremacy;    and    these    have 


their  appurtenances.  The  said  Thomas  Shaw  did  not 
take  the  said  oath.  The  said  Sir  William  Cole  also,  by 
his  deede  of  feoffment,  bearing  date  the  20th  February 
[161 3I  did  enfeoffe  Clinton  Ogle,  of  Kewnunan,  in  the 
county  of  Cavan,  gent.,  his  heirs  and  assignes  forever, 
of  that  parcel  of  land  called  Derrilackagh,  containing  two 
grcate  tates,  with  their  appurtenances.  The  said  Clmton 
Ogle  did  not  take  the  saicl  oath.  The  said  Sir  William 
Cole  likewise,  on  the  1st  of  May  [1613],  did  demise  and 
lett  to  Richard  Or  me  of  Drommeagh,  gent,  all  that 
parcell  of  lande  called  Drommeagh,  containing  one  greate 
tate,  to  hold  the  same  for  the  tearme  of  61  yeares.  The 
said  Richard  Orroe  did  not  take  the  said  oath.  The 
said  Sir  Wil*  Cole  likewise,  at  sundrie  times  and  places, 
by  his  severall  deedes  of  lease,  bearinge  date  since  the 
15th  of  October,  1612,  did  demise  and  lett  the  rest  of  the 
severall  tates  and  parcells  of  lande,  to  the  several  lessees 
named  in  the  said  severall  leases  showed  in  evidence  to 
the  jutors.  The  said  several  tenants  did  not  take  the  said 
oath."  The  portions  chosen  for  the  Irish  on  Sir  William 
Cole's  estate,  were  the  tates,  sessiaghs,  and  parcels,  called 
Lurgveigh  al*  Learga ;  Portdorie  being  one  great  tate ; 
Dromclane  al'  Dromclare,  one  great  tate ;  Callough  and 
Nerry,  one  great  tate  ;  and  Clonconilly  al*  Clonconidie, 
one  and  yi  tate.  {Inqitisitiom  of  Ulster,  Fermanagh,  (4) 
Car.  I.)  On  the  6ih  of  May,  1629,  there  was  a  re-grant  to 
Sir  William  Cole,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  for  ever,  of  the 
small  proportion  of  Dromskeagh,  containing  1,000  acres, 
in  the  barony  of  Magheraboy,  and  other  lands  containing 
1 20  acres,  with  liberty  of  hshing  in  the  lake  or  river  w 
Lougherne.  To  be  held  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in 
free  and  common  socage.  The  premises  are  created  into 
a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Portdorie,  with  power 
to  create  tenures,  and  hold  400  acres  in  demesne,  court 
leet  and  court  baron,  waifs  and  strays,  free  warren,  and 
liberty  to  impark  300  acres ;  subject  to  the  conditions  of 
plantation,  and  to  his  Majesty's  instructions  for  re-grants 
of  manors  escheated  to  the  Crown  by  neglect  of  covenants. 
Sir  William  Cole,  like  most  others  of  his  class  in 
Fermanagh,  was  drawn  into  the  quarrel  between  Lord 
Balfour  of  Glenawley  and  the  Bishop  of  Clogher,  already 
noticed.  "These  doings,"  says  the  writer  of  the  bishops 
life,  **encreased  the  heartburning  between  them,  which 
Balfour  expressed  in  all  publick  meetings  by  undvill  and 
disdainfuU  behaviour.  The  bishop  he  contemned  his  nn- 
civility.     Neither  was  he  mutch  moved  by  a  combination 


made  against  him  between  Balfour  and  Sir  William  Cole, 
begun  and  first  motioned  by  Baron  LoaUier  in  his  circuit, 
and  after  confirmed  by  a  drunken  health  att  BellturbetL*' 
Spottitwoode  Miscdlany,  vol.  i.,  p.  no. 

(131).  His  Tenants. — Robert  Hamilton,  the  original 
patentee,  sold  to  Archibald  Hamilton,  gent,  on  the  1st  of 
December,  1 614,  the  lands  of  Dromeragh,  Dromore^ 
Tullagarine,  Monaghin,  Feurtagfa,  Ma^erenekenqgfa, 
Shankill,  Dromb^;gan,  Dromlish,  Dirrynanamph. 
Knockmore,  listend,  and  Leagland;  and  on  the  9th  of 
May,  1 61 5,  Robert  Hamilton  sold  the  remainder  of  his 
proportion  to  Malcolme  Hamilton,  Archbishop  of 
Casnell,  for  a  sum  of  530/.  This  sale  is  proof  ot  how 
much  land  in  Ulster  had  risen  in  value  even  daring  the 
five  years  after  the  undertakers  had  taken  out  their 
patents,  in  i6ia  At  the  latter  date,  a  whole  proportion 
of  even  1,500  acres  occasionally  changed  hands  for  the 
sum  of  150/. ;  but  in  1615,  530^  was  paid  for  a  quantity 
of  land  amounting  to  not  much  over  half  the  middle 
proportion  of  Derrinefogher.  The  buildings  on  this 
property  are  described,  in  1630,  as  consisting  of  a  house 
50  feet  high,  20  feet  wide;  and  50  feet  in  length ;  the 
want  of  a  bawn  for  defence,  complained  of  by  Pynnar, 
in  1620!,  had  been  supplied  at  some  time  during  the 
following  ten  years,  for  in  1630  there  was  a  bawn 
reported,  the  yti}^  of  which  were  nine  feet  high  and  ^oo 
feet  in  circumference.  These  structures  stood  at  the 
village  or  town  called  Castletown.  It  was  fonnd  also  \rg 
the  mc^uisition  already  quoted,  that  the  chapel  of  Moyn- 
cagh,  situated  in  the  centre  of  the  parish  of  Devenish,  was 
a  more  suitable  and  commodious  place  for  the  parish 
church  than  the  church  of  Devenish,  situated  in  the 
island  so  called,  and  in  a  remote  part  of  the  parish.  It 
was  found,  also,  that  the  most  appropriate  knds  in  th» 
proportion  for  letting  yearly  to  Irish  tenants,  were  parts 
of  the  tates  called  Aghasillas,  A^^hakeirine,  Lestead, 
Kilroe,  Rossenure,  Kn^:kb^  Demnefogher,  Dromore* 
hin,  Tullacreeny,  Kilduff,  Dromgorftieny,  Titf^lan, 
Cromscobbe,  and  Carrenmore.  Pynnar  reported  in 
1618-20^  that  there  was  not  an  Iri^  tenant  on  any  of 
the  lands,  but  in  1630^  the  natives  had  begun  to  gather 
in. 

(1^2).  Sixty  acres. — ^These  freeholders,  as  named  ia 
the  mquisition,  were  Robert  Wan^  Gabrid  Comngkam^ 
9nd  yimes  SomervUi. 


496 


THE    PLANTATION    IX    ULSTER. 


L';=s;es,  ii.  viz., 

•  •  •  • 

2  havzzz  ^c  acres  le  j.icce. 


dirers  Undertenants  under  them,  all 
vhkh  are  able  to  make  77  Men, 
with  reasonable  ArmSb  There  is 
good  store  of  Tillage,  and  not  aa 
/risA  Family  on  all  the  Land. 


1.XX.     1,000  Acres 

James  GUI  [(j'.hb]  was  the  first  Pateniee.  /.""An  ArchdtiU^  £^^'%  hath  1,000  acres,  called 
Dromraghdi^).  Uix^n  this  Proportion  there  is  a  Bavne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  60  feet  square^ 
12  feet  high,  with  two  Flankers,  and  a  House  now  in  building,  it  being  about  the  first  Story 
(135).     I  find  pianted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  ol  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  6,  viz., 
I  having  140  acres. 
I  having  1 20  acres. 

1  having  100  acres. 

2  having  40  acres  Ic  piece. 

I  having  4  acres  and  a  Tenement. 

Lessees  for  years,  5,  viz., 
I  having  120  acres. 
I  having  140  acres. 


Total,  r4  Families,  all 
on  the  Land,  who  have  taken  the 
Oath  of  Supremacy,  being  able  to 
make    26    Men  armed.     Here  is 


(133).  Twenty  acre:. — The  leaseholders'  names  were 
Daniel  Elliott,  Gabriel  Coningham,  junr.,  .-Vlex.  Coning- 
ham,  Mat.  ChamlKrrs,  I>avi'l  Calhcart,  Gilbert  I^inge, 
John  Watson,  \Vm.  CrawfonI,  John  Hall,  George 
Deinl>ane,  John  Grccr,  \Vm.  Mall,  and  Thomas  Cranston. 
Of  these,  only  Gill>crt  Lain^jc,  Mat,  Chambers,  Gabriel 
Coninghani,  and  James  and  Eliza  Somcr\ill  took  the 
Oath  of  Supremacy.  (See  Inqitisitiuns  of  Ulster ^  Fer- 
managh, (24)  Car.  I.)  The  archbishop  did  not  long 
retain  these  lands  in  Fermanagh,  havin^;  sold  them 
Ixrfore  1631.  On  ilie  2iirl  of  Dec.  in  that  year,  a  grant 
was  made  to  Lord  \'iscount  Clanelwy  and  Rolxjrt  Lord 
Dillon,  their  heirs  and  assii^^.i  forever,  of  this  pro- 
portion of  Derr>'nef«)j^di,er,  which  originally  was  a  small 
one  of  ijCXX)  acres,  ])iit  had  expande<l  into  1,500  acres 
in  1631.  It  wa:>  t«>  be  held  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin, 
in  free  and  coniiiioii  s<»caj;e.  The  land  was  created  by 
the  re-grant  into  a  manor,  to  Ixi  called  the  manor  of 
Castleton,  with  power  to  create  tenures,  hold  court 
leet  and  court  baron  ;  waifs  and  strays,  park  ami  chase  ; 
a  fair  on  Whitsun  Monday  to  be  held  at  Castleton,  and 
a  market  on  every  Monday.  Subject  to  the  conditions  of 
the  plantation,  and  according  to  the  King's  terms  for  re- 
grants.  Malcolm  Hamilton,  who  owned  this  proportion 
for  a  time,  was  chanccll«»r  of  Down,  and  obtaine<l  the 
bishopric  of  Casliell  on  the  death  of  the  notorious  Myler 
Magrath  in  1622.  1  le  a]»pears  to  have  espouse<l  the  quarrel 
of  his  brother  prelate  of  Clogher,  against  Ualfour,  declar- 
ing on  one  occasion  there  was   ''no  composing  of  the 


business,  for  Balfour  had  swome  to  him  that  all  tk 
bishop  was  worth  should  not  save  his  life.'* — SpaOuwotk 
Miscklanw  voL  L,  p.  119. 

(134).  Dromra^^, — ^This  proportion,  written  Drgmrz 
in  the  inquisitions,  was  sold  by  James  Gibb,  the  oririul 
patentee  (see  p.  304),  to  James  Hamilton  of  Kecktoo,  E)0., 
who,  on  the  26th  of  Febrnarv,  i6l  7,  "did  gire  andgnnt  the 
said  manor  of  Dromra  to  John  Archdalle,  in  the  county  of 
Fermanagh,  Esq.,  his  heires  and  assignes ;  bj  force  and 
in  virtue  whereof  the  said  John  Archdalle  is  lawfuKf 
seized  as  of  fee-simple,  forcFcr." 

(135).  First  Stiny, — The  inquisition  above  named  oxo* 
tions  that  Gibb,  the  original  patentee,  had  built  *'oa  ibe 
quarter  of  Dromra  one  fort  or  bawne  of  lime  and  stone, 
contayninge  50  foote  square,  every  way,  and  12  Ibote  in 
height.*'  The  house,  which  F^'nnar  reported  in  l6ao^  as 
raised  one  story,  is  not  noticed  by  the  inqnisitioB.  Oi 
the  20th  of  Sept.  in  that  year  the  proprietor  died,  ud 
perhaps  the  house  was  never  finisned,  as  he  had  not 
resided  on  that  proportion.  He  was  styled  of  Artkdak't' 
tffwne^  county  Fermanagh.  He  had  been  lord  of  the  tm 
small  proportions  of  Tnllanagh  and  Dnunn,  in  tte 
baronies  of  Lurg  and  Magfaeryboy  respectively ;  and  ate 
of  340  acres  additional  in  the  barony  of  Lnn  njniiwiMf 
the  four  tates  of  Corrabane,  the  tate  of  TallmepMga,  aM 
the  tate  of  Clonkeine.  His  son,  Edward  Ardidale,  who 
succeeded  him,  was  seventeen  yean  of  a^  la  1610^  aaA 
unmarried. 


J 


PYNNAR'S    SURVEY. 


497 


I  having  80  acres.  some  Tillage. 

I  having  20  acres. 

I  having  40  acres  (136). 

Cottagers,  3,  viz., 
Each  of  these  has  a  Tenement  and  4  acres,  for  Commons 
for  Cows. 

LXXI.  1,000  Acres. 
Alexander  Humes  was  first  Patentee  (see  p.  305).  George  Humes  hath  1,000  acres,  called 
Dromcose,  Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawiie  of  80  feet  square,  of  Lime  and  Stone,  12  feet  high.  There 
is  no  House  in  it.  I  found  but  very  few  to  appear  before  me,  for  the  Undertaker  was  out  of  the 
country ;  but  the  Land  was  well  planted  with  Brinish  Families,  and  good  store  of  Tillage ;  and  not 
any  Irish  Family  that  I  could  learn  of.     But  I  saw 

These  have  taken  the  Oath  of 
Supremacy,  and,  as  I  am  informed, 
the  rest  of  the  Tenants  have  no 
Estates  but  promises  (137). 


Lessees  for  life,  3,  viz., 

1  having  300  acres. 

2  having  60  acres  jointly. 


Sir  John  Humes  hath  1,500  acres. 


LXXI  I.     1,500  Acres. 
IViiliam  Fuller  [Fowler]  was  first  Patentee  (see  p.  305). 
called  Moyglassc.     Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  nothing  built     I  find  planted  on  the  Land,  of 
Brinish  Families  a  good  number  of  Men ;  but  they  have  no  estates  but  by  Promise  from  one  year 
to  another,  viz., 

Freeholders,  3,  viz., 
3  having  been  nominated  for  freeholders,  but  not  resident. 

Lessees,  12,  viz., 
2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  90  acres. 
9  having  60  acres. 


These  15  have  Tenants  under 
them,  and  are  said  to  be  able  to 
make  30  men.  There  is  good  store 
of  Tillage,  and  no  Irish  Families 
thereon,  as  I  am  informed  (138). 


(136).  Fori}'  Acres, — For  John  Archdall's  tenants,  see 
p.  487.  The  lands  on  this  proportion  of  Dromra  most 
suitable  for  native  tenants  were  Derriloyfinne,  Comedever, 
Rosdagavh,  %  of  the  quarter  of  Dromra,  Tullinadall, 
Largamore,  Curleagh,  Clounlevan,  )^  of  Dromskewley, 
Dromlessawnlcicie,  V6  of  the  quarter  of  Cavankeille, 
Carren,  Kilvcgg,  ^/V,  of  the  half  quarter  of  Dromedowne, 
Beitcich  or  Heigh,  Uromknew,  Gartnekame,  Shranehul- 
lagh,  Aghlo-^hseilen,  Tawnagh,  Durragh,  Derricloy,  being 
one  half  of  the  ^2  quarter  of  Urrish.  All  the  foremen- 
tioned  lands  did  not  exceed  (as  required  that  they  should 
not),  one  fourth  of  the  whole  proportion.  (See  Ittquisitions 
of  Ulster,  Fermanagh,  (7)  Car.  I.)  For  the  re-grant 
of  Dromragh,  now  included  in  the  manor  of  Castle- Arch- 
dale,  see  p.  488.  The  demesne  around  the  family 
residence  of  the  Archdalls  adjoins  the  village  of  Lisnarrick, 
on  the  western  shore  of  lower  Lough  Erne,  about  nine 
miles  north  of  Enniskillen.  "This,  from  its  elevation 
N    2 


and  extent  of  wood,"  says  Mr.  Fraser,  **is  the  most  con- 
spicuous demesne  on  the  shores  of  lower  Lough  Erne. 
From  the  summit  of  the  hill,  which  is  crowned  by  the 
square,  spacious  mansion,  a  comprehensive  view  is  ob- 
tained pf  this  splendid  lake.  There  are  no  parts  of  Lough 
Erne  more  beautiful  than  that  around  Castle-Archdall, 
and  reaching  from  that  demesne  to  Kish. "  See  Parliamen- 
tary Gazeteer  of  Irelandy  vol.  i.,  pp.  349,  350. 

(137).  But  promises. — ^The  proportion  of  Dromcoose 
is  mentioned  in  an  Ulster  inquisition — Fermanagh,  (46) 
Car.  I.—  but  nothing  is  therein  stated  beyond  the  facts  ot 
its  being  orginally  granted  to  Alexander  Hume  or  Home 
(see  p.  305),  of  its  being  sold  by  him  to  Sir  John  Home 
or  Hume,  on  the  aoth  of  June,  1626,  and  of  its  descend- 
ing to  Sir  George  Hume,  the  son  and  heir  of  Sir  John,  at 
the  death  of  the  latter,  in  September,  1639. 

(138).  I  am  infornud, — The  proportion  of  Moyglassc 
is   mentioned  in  an  Ulster  inquisition — Fermanagh,  (46) 


498 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


LXXIII.     i,ooo  Acres. 
John  Dunbar^  Esq,,  hath   i,ooo  acres,  called  Drumcro,     Upon  this  Proportion  there  b  x 
Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  80  feet  long,  45  broad,  and  14  feet  high,  and  two  Water-Mills  ;  himself 
with  his  Wife  and  Family  remaining  on  the  I^nd.     I  find  planted  upon  this  Land,  of  Britiisk 

Birth, 

,    , ,  The   nine   Families  have  divers 

Freeholders,  2,  viz.,  ,^    ,  •  ,,    .  • 

Undertenants ;  but   all  these  nine, 
2  having  1 20  acres  le  piece.  .    -  i_     ^ 

°  ^  save  one,  are  estated  by  Promise; 

Lessees,  7,  VIZ.,  _  ^,  ,     ,     »,        .. 

and  are  able  to  make  60  Men,  with 

I  having  180  acres.  .  tt       t  t*i       i_       • 

.  °  Arms.     Here  I  saw  Ploughs  going. 

X  having  120  acres.  _  ^  x  •  i.  t-      -i  l- 

y      ,  I  saw  not  one  Insh  Family  on  this 

X  having  160  acres  le  piece.  t      j  /       \ 

-^  °  ^  Land  (139). 


Car.  I. — but  nothing  is  stated  beyond  the  facts  of  its 
being  originally  granted  to  William  Fowler,  on  the  6th 
of  May,  1611,  and  of  its  Ijeing  sold  by  him  to  Sir  John 
Home  or  Hume,  on  the  26th  of  July,  161 5.  These  two 
proportions  thus  became  the  property  of  Sir  John  Home 
or  ilume,  whose  descendants  or  representatives  appear  to 
to  have  had  two  well-known  residences  on  the  snores  of 
I>ough  Erne,  one  of  which  was  Castle  Hume,  and  the 
other  Tully  Castle,  afterwards  to  be  noticed.  Upon  the 
death,  in  1731,  of  Sir  (iustavus  Hume,  the  castle  [castles] 
and  estate  passed  through  the  female  line  into  the  posses- 
sion of  the  Loftus  family,  whose  representative,  the 
Marquis  of  Ely,  is  now  owner.  Sir  Adam  Loftus, 
made  I^rd  Chancellor  of  Ireland,  16 19,  was  created 
Viscount  Loftus  of  Ely,  in  1622.  The  title  became  ex- 
tinct in  the  person  of  Arthur,  the  third  viscount,  whose 
widow  married  Nicholas  loftus  of  Loftus  Hall,  created 
Haron  and  afterwards  Viscount  Loftus.  His  son  was 
createtl  Earl  of  Ely,  which  title  became  extinct  on  the 
death  of  the  thinl  carl  in  May,  1783.  The  sister  of  the 
first  carl  married  Sir  John  Tottenham,  and  their  son 
Charles,  succeeding  to  the  Loftus  estates,  assumed  their 
name,  ami  was  created  a  baron  by  the  title  of  Lord 
I>oftus,  in  1795;  and  from  him  the  Marquis  of  Ely  is 
descended,  who  is  thus  only  an  heir-female  of  the  Loftus 
family.  (See  the  Spottinuootie  Miscellany^  vol.  i.,  p.  1 1 7). 
Nicholas  Loftus,  the  first  Earl  of  Ely,  married  (on  the 
1 8th  of  August,  1 736),  Mary,  elder  daughter  and  heir  of 
Sir  Gustavus  Hume,  of  Castle  Hume,  in  Fermanagh, 
leaving  by  her  an  only  s<jn,  the  second  Earl  of  Ely,  who 
owned  the  unitetl  cs.tatcs  of  his  father  and  mother.  The 
two  family  mansions  of  Castle  Hume  and  Ely  Lodge 
slaml  on  the  opposite  sides  of  the  Lake. 

(139).  On  this  land. — There  is  no  mention  whatever  of 
this  undertaker  or  of  his  lands  in  the  printed  inquisitions 
of  Ulster,  s<)  that  no  change  had  taken  place  in  the  owner- 
ship ;  neither  did  John  Dunbar  [afterwards  Sir  John], 
require  to  get  a  re-grant  of  his  lands  in  1629,  owing, 
doubtless,  to  the  circumstance  that  there  had  been  no 
breach  of  covenants  found  against  him.  For  his  descent 
from  the  carls  of  Dunbar,  one  of  whom  married  a  daughter 
of  King  Robert  IJruce,  see  p.  306.  A  curious  evidence 
of  his  descent  existed  in  Sir  John  Dunbar's  house,  and 


afterwards  in  that  of  Hugh  Montgomery  of  DerrTgonoelly. 
who  married    Sir   John's    grand-daughter.      This  wis 
no  other  than  the  sword  of  Bruce,  a  family  relic,  which 
had  been  piously  preserved  for  many  generatioDS,  ind 
whose  existence,  in  Fermanagh,  would  have  been  probably 
unknown,  had  not  William  Montgomery,  the  author  df 
the    well-known  Moni^mcfy  Manuscripts^  chanced  to 
visit  his  kinsman's  house  in  the  year  16961     Ofthisvist 
he  has  left  the  following  record: — "Our  present  Hugh 
aforesaid  is  marryed  to  a  beutifiill  grand-daughter  isd 
heiress  to  Sr.  John  Dumbarr.     His  estate,  wherraf  Dern- 
gonnelly  is  ye  chiefe  mansion  place ;  besides  which  he 
[Hugh  Montgomery]  hath  his  tather*s  and  htsownpor- 
chases.     I  was,  in  A.D.   1696,  three  nights  in  his  new 
house  (for  the  old  vt'alls  are  not  rebuilt) ;  it  is  a  pletsant 
seate ;  a  River  running  by  it  within  half  a  muskett  ihoct, 
and  thereon  a  com  and  a  tuck  mill,  in  which  one  1B17 
walk  dry  in  slippers ;  he  hath  a  pretty  garden  and  a  pbih 
tation  of  fruit  trees ;  thereto  also  a  pretty  little  ch^^pdl 
opposite  to  the  house  door,  about  nine  score  yards  from  i: 
(to  which  one  may  go  dry  in  like  maner),  (milt  and  cs- 
dowed  by  Sr.  Jo :  Dumbarr,  aforesaid,  for  a  deacoo  to 
read  prayers,  homilys,  or  preach  in,  when  the  weather  ii 
badd.     I  saw  a  rarity  att  that  house,  to  witt,  a  tvo-edced 
sword  of  excellent  metall,  which  this  Hugh  never  cused 
to  be  made  but  had  it  (I  have  forgot  what  hee  told  smc 
thereoOi  in  ye  late  warr  about  Enniskillen.     I  am  of  je 
opinion  there  is  no  smith  in  Ireland  can  forge  see  cood  t 
blade,  for  I  saw  it  severly  tryed.     The  sword  is  Imcxibcd 
on  ye  right  hand  side  of  ye  blade  thus — 

Robertius  Brusdus,  )  1310^  and  on  ipro  CkrisU) 

Scotorum         \     ye  reverse      <  et         >D:ER 

Rex,  \         side,  (     Patria,     \ 

There  are  some  obliterated  or  worn-out  woidi^  soppomd 
to  be  the  cutler's  name,  the  Letters  being  but  by  halsiBd 
Quarters,  whereof  wee  could  make  nothmg."  CooU  Ml 
this  sword  be  still  found  ?  The  Earl  of  Fmr**^"** 
kindly  took  the  trouble  of  making  searches  in  the  hooa 
of  certain  representatives  of  the  DerrygooDdly  Most- 
gomerys,  but  m  vain.  It  is  (^niCe  possible,  howra^  thtf 
the  sword  of  Bruce  may  be  lymg  in  some  old  stofe^oom 
in  the  county  Fermanagh.   (See  Mom^ggmny  MmmKhpt 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


499 


LXXIV.  2,000  Acres. 
Sir  John  Hume  hath  2,000  acres,  called  Carry nroe.  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  Bawne 
of  Lime  and  Stone,  100  feet  square  and  14  feet  high,  having  four  Flankers  for  the  Defence. 
There  is  also  a  fair  strong  Castle,  50  feet  long  and  2 1  feet  broad.  He  hath  made  a  Village  near 
unto  the  Bawne,  in  which  is  dwelling  24  Families.  I  find  planted  and  estated  on  this  Land,  of 
Brittish  Natives, 

Freeholders,  4,  viz., 
2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  100  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  9,  viz., 
I  having  240  acres. 
I  having  120  acres. 
6  having  60  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  40  acres. 

Cottagers,  11,  viz., 

1  having  30  acres. 

2  having  6  acres  le  piece. 

1  having  5  acres. 

2  having  4  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  3  acres. 

4  having  2  acres  le  piece. 

County  of   Donagall. 
The  Precinct  of  Boilagh  and  Banagh,  allotted  to  Scottish  Undertakers  (see  pp.  293,  296). 
["  Prfcinct  of  Boyiagh,     Sir    Robert  Maclellan,  Knt,   Laird   Bombey,  chief  undertaker  of 


Total,  24  Families,  all  resident 
on  the  Land,  and  most  of  them 
have  taken  the  Oath  of  Supremacy, 
being  able  to  make  30  Men  with 
Arms  (140). 


new  edition,  pp.  389,  390.)  Sir  John  Dunbar  was  high 
sheriff  for  the  county  of  Fermanagh,  during  the  time  of 
the  grand  quarrel  between  I^rd  Balfour  and  the  Bishop 
of  Clogher  (see  pp.  475,  476),  and  was  to  some  extent, 
in  his  official  capacity,  troubled  thereby.  See  Tht  Spottis' 
woodc  Miscellany^  vol.  i.,  pp.  1 1 9,  1 20. 

(140;.  Men  with  Amis. — This  proportion  is  mentioned 
in  an  Ulster  inquisition — Fermanagh,  (46)  Car.  I. — but 
there  is  nothing  slated  beyond  the  fact  of  its  original 
grant  to  Sir  John  Home,  on  the  24th  of  July,  1610. 
(See  p.  303).  In  Sir  John's  patent  the  proportion  is 
called  Ard^^orte  ;  but  in  Pynnar's  time,  Carrynrof, 
another  denominational  name  on  the  estate,  had  been 
adopted,  because,  probably,  on  the  parcel  thus  designated, 
the  undertaker  had  erected  his  buildings.  The  residence 
on  this  proportion  was  afterwards  known  as  Tully  Castle^ 
and  its  ruins  at  the  present  day  clearly  indicate  the  old 
stnicture  as  described  by  Pynnar,  who,  however,  says 
nothing  about  the  beauty  of  its  position.  Sir  John  Hume 
in  building  his  residence  on  the  point  northwest  of 
Inismacsaint  ^Inismuighe-Samh,  *the  island  of  the  plain 
of  Sorrel']  could  not  have  selected,  perhaps,  a  more 
attractive  site  on  all  that  lovely  shore.     The  views  from 


the  ruins  of  this  castle  are  described  as  surpassingly 
beautiful,  from  the  facts  that  here  Lough  Erne  spreads 
out  its  greatest  expanse  of  water,  showing  a  bewildering 
number  of  its  islands,  and  is  guarded  on  each  side  by 
curious  groupings  of  its  more  distant  hills.  Tully  Castle 
was  also  a  residence  of  the  Hume  family  prior  to  the 
erection  of  Castle  Hume.  The  occupant  of  Ely  Lodge 
is  owner  of  the  three  proportions  formerly  known  as 
Dromcose,  Moyglasse,  and  Carrynroe.  His  beauteous 
mansion  is  also  built  on  an  island,  which  is  connected 
with  the  mainland  by  a  bridge.  The  Home  or  Hume 
family  occupied  Tully  Castle  in  1641,  and  on  the  outbreak 
of  the  Irish  war  of  that  year,  thither  crowded  for 
protection  all  the  English  and  Scottish  settlers  in  the 
immediate  vicinity.  An  Irish  leader,  named  Rory 
Maguire,  assaulted  the  castle  on  the  24th  of  Dec,  which 
was  surrendered  to  him  by  Lady  Hume.  The  Irish  then 
pillaged  and  burned  it,  and  by  neither  the  then  owner, 
nor  any  of  his  representatives  since,  has  it  ever  been  even 
partially  restored.  It  remains  from  generation  to  genera- 
tion an  ivy-clad  and  attractive  ruin.  Castle  Hume  was 
made  the  family  residence,  in  Fermanagh,  after  the  burning 
of  Tully  Castle  in  1641. 


500 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Rosses,  2,000  acres ;  took  possession  in  the  summer  16 10,  returned  into  Scotland ;  his  agent, 
Andrew  Johnson,  resident,  hath  prepared  no  material  for  building.  George  Murrye^  Laird 
Broughton,  1,500  acres;  took  possession,  summer  16 10,  returned  into  Scotland.  His  brother 
came  with  two  or  three  others;  and  30  or  40  cows;  no  preparation  for  building.  William  Sinvardy 
brother  to  Gartlesse  [Lord  Garlies],  1,500  acres ;  took  possession  in  the  summer,  16 10,  returned  into 
Scotland  ;  six  families  of  British  upon  his  proportion.  He  is  building  a  mill  and  other  houses; 
agent,  John  Stewart,  resident;  materials  provided  for  building.  Sir  Patrick  McKee^  Knight, 
1,000  acres,  not  appeared;  agent  resident;  nothing  done.  Alexander  Cunningham^  of  Ponton 
Elder,  1,000  acres;  not  apjx^ared ;  agent  resident;  making  winter  provisions;  no  materials  for 
building.  James  McCtillogh^  1,000  acres;  not  appeared;  agent  resident;  nothing  done. 
Alexander  Dmvnebar^  1,000  acres;  resident  in  person  ;  nothing  done.  Patrick  Vans^  1,000  acres; 
has  not  appeared.  Six  quarters  of  his  land  let  to  English  and  Scotchmen  for  four  years  ;  nothing 
done.  George  Minrye^  Laird  Broughton,  undertaker  of  1,500  acres,  appeared  before  us  here  at 
Dublin,  and  returned  to  his  land."]     Carew's  Report  of  161 1. 

LXXV.     10,000  Acres. 
John  Murrey  (141),  Esq,^  hath  all  Boilagh  and  Bannaghy  being  ten  thousand  acres  (142), 
planted  as  followeth  : — 


(141).  Ji>hn  Murrey. — ^John  Murray,  of  Cockpool, 
was  a  great  favourite  of  James  I.,  and  for  several 
years  tlie  principal  manager  of  the  King's  more  private 
aO'airs  in  Scotland.  He  was  created  Earl  of  An- 
nandale  in  1624,  the  title  becoming  extinct  in  1658. 
It  was  subsequently  revived  in  the  Johnstone  family. 
In  1625,  tlie  Earl  of  Annandale  was  appointed  to  the 
government  of  the  county  of  Donegal,  and  the  borders 
and  limits  thereof,  to  suppress  and  punish  by  fire  and 
sword,  ■  malefactors,  traitors,  rebels,  and  all  who  re- 
fused to  submit  to  the  law.  The  Earl  of  Annandale's 
original  grant  of  the  whole  territory  was  made  in 
1620  ;  but  he  was  obliged  to  have  a  re-grant  in  1629, 
paying  double  the  first  rent  to  the  King,  and  a  fine  of 
£10  f.)r  every  thousand  acres.  The  following  is  the 
substance  of  there-grant: — **  Grant  to  the  Earl  of  An- 
nandale of  several  proportions  of  land  :  one  called  the 
great  proportion  of  the  Rossesy  in  the  barony  of  Boylagh 
and  IJannagh,  with  a  piscar)',  fishing,  and  taking  of  salmon, 
herring,  cod,  and  all  other  kinds  of  fish  in,  within,  or 
near  the  saiil  lands,  and  the  advowson  of  the  vicarage  of 
Tenij)lec:arne  in  the  barony  aforesaid  ;  the  middle  projKjr- 
tion  of  /n')7(t7^//-yr/^'///r^,  and  the  middle  proportion  called 
Downccoitallvy  and  the  small  proportion  of  Moynargan, 
in  the  precinct  of  iJoylagh  and  Bannagh,  with  free  fishing 
and  taking  of  salmon,  herring,  cod,  and  all  other  kinds 
of  fish  in  the  creeks  and  the  weirs  of  Ciuilegrush  ;  the 
small  proportion  of  Kilkarkan^  the  small  proportion  of 
Car^^nfy  the  small  proportion  of  Boyla^h-ougntra^  and  the 
small  proportion  of  Mullai^hvcaghy  in  the  aforesaid  pre- 
cinct or  barony,  with  free  fishing  in  all  the  bays,  creeks, 
rivers,  or  waters  of,  in,  or  within  the  premises,  and  also 
in  the  creeks,  bays,  or  rivers  of  Inver,  Gladdagh,  Go- 
hera,  Locris  Uly,  Gibbragh,  Tullinge,  Callabegg  [Killy- 
l>t'g^J»  and  the  island  of  Arran.     '1  o  hold  forever,  as  of 


the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  free  and  common  socage.  The 
premises  are  created  into  the  manors  of  Biiliwdl  and 
Castlcmurray ;  fairs  at  Downcally  and  Magberimore. 

(142).  Tin  thousand  acres. — The  names  of  the  sevtnl 
parcels  or  sub-divisions  in  this  immense  territoiy  occii|7 
more  than  three  columns  in  the  printed  inquisitions  of 
Ulster.  (See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Donegal,  (jO)  Car. 
I).  '*And  all  and  every  of  which  the  before  redted 
several  proportions  and  lands,  doe  together  contcyne 
10,000  acres  of  land,  or  thereabout,  and  doe  lye  in  the 
said  barony  or  precinct  of  Boylagh  and  Bana^  The 
said  late  King,  on  the  13th  of  December,  in  the  l8th 
yeare  of  his  raigne  of  England  [1620I  by  his  lettot 
patents,  did  give  and  graunte  all  the  said  propoftionii 
townes,  villages,  hamletts,  quarters,  parts  and  parcells  of 
land,  tenements,  hereditaments,  and  premises  unlo  John 
Earl  of  Annandale,  in  the  realme  of  Scotland,  by  the 
name  of  John  Murraye,  Esq.,  one  of  the  groomes  of  his 
said  late  Matiesi  l>cdchaml)er,  his  heires  and  assignes,  Ck^ 
ever."  From  this  grant  were  reserved  the  followiiig 
lands  set  apart  for  rectors  or  incumbents: — **Tlie".V 
partes,  and  %,  of  the  quarter  of  Loughfadda,  contmmge 
by  estimation  90  acres ;  also  the  %  quarter  of  Coniep' 
arde,  contcyninge  by  estimation  60  acres  ;  ■>/$(  partes  of 
the  quarter  of  Camemore,  conteyninge  by  estimation  60 
acres  ;  *V.t3  P^^rtcs  of  the  quarter  of  Dromore,  conteyninge 
by  estimation  60  acres ;  'S/js  partes  of  tfaHS  quarter  of 
Dromkenan,  conteyninge  60  acres ;  's/^  partes  of  the 
quarter  of  Moynargan,  conteyninge  by  estimation  60 
acres ;  'S/sa  partes  of  the  quarter  of  Derrylag^uD,  ooo- 
teyningc  60  acres ;  and  ^s/^  partes  of  the  quarter  of 
Magherientcmum,  conte3minge  120  acres  ;  all  said  hivis 
[in  the  barony  of  Boylagh  and  Banagfa,  except  the  foie* 
going  exceptions]  to  be  hoMen  of  the  laid  late  Ki^f^ 
his  hcyres  and  successors,  as  of  the  outle  of 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


501 


LXXVI.  2,000  Acres. 
The  Lady  Brombc  [Laird  Bombie],  the  first  Patentee  (143).  Captain  Thomas  Dutton  (144)  hath 
2,000  acres,  called  the  Rosses.  He  is  but  newly  came  unto  it,  and  hath  not  his  Assurance  from 
Mr.  Murrey.  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  Bawne  and  a  small  Castle  built  long  since,  being  of 
Lime  and  Stone,  himself  with  Wife  and  Family  dwelling  in  it.  He  hath  six  English  Famihes, 
but  they  do  but  little  as  yet,  till  they  have  Estates  (145). 


free  and  common  socage  ;  and  yf  the  said  John  Murraye 
should  set  the  premises  aforesaid  to  any  meere  Irish,  or 
unto  any  who  should  not  take  the  oath  of  supremacy, 
then  the  said  letters  patents  should  be  void."  (See  Inquisi- 
tions of  Ulster,  Donegal,  (32)  Car.  \. )  The  following  lands 
were  set  apart  throughout  this  vast  territory  as  most  suitable 
districts  for  the  location  of  Irish  tenants: — **  Haifa  balliboe 
of  the  '/s  parte  of  Trjankyle,  being  parcell  of  the  quarter 
of  Droniroske,  in  the  proportion  of  IJoylaghoughtra, 
baronie  of  Boylagh  and  Bannaghe,  Co.  of  Donnegall  ;  3 
ballyboes  of  Casllcogiy  ;  2  halfs  of  the  Vs  partes  of  Bally- 
mac  Kaule  and  Co  [  ]  dowe,  parcells  of  the  quarter 
of  Bonyglyn,  in  the  proportion  of  Cargie  ;  2  ballyboes  of 
the  quarter  of  Murcret,  the  ^2  (luarter  of  BallydufTe,  the 
^  quarter  of  O'Miskan,  in  the  proportion  of  Kellcurane 
[Killkerhan]  ;  the  quarter  of  Jiallylough,  the  j^  quarter 
of  Magher)Tevy.  the  ^2  quarter  of  Cloghboy,  the  ^ 
quarter  of  Liskeraghan,  the  three  balliboes  of  Abbirmil- 
lane,  Drumcha,  and  Kilspervan,  the  quarter  of  Kiltemy, 
the  %  quarter  of  Ardra,  and  the  ^2  quarter  of  Corinkard, 
in  the  proportion  of  Monergan  [Moynarga] ;  the  quarter 
of  Damrus,  the  Yz  quarter  of  MuUaghveagh,  the  ses- 
sioughes  of  Macherunane  and  Carrigboyh,  the  quarters  of 
Somugh  and  Dromcsyn,  the  sessiough  of  Ballmackill- 
duffe,  the  sessiough  of  Dcrr>'nes,  the  }i  quarter  of  Dur- 
ryan,  and  the  sessiogh  of  Tullard,  in  the  proportion  of 
Mullaveagh  ;  the  one  half  quarter  of  Castlegowlan,  the 
quarter  of  Ballyristowne,  the  2  sessioughs  of  Stranebogh 
and  Lynagh,  and  tlie  ^A,  quarter  of  Litterlie,  in  the  pro- 
portion of  Boylagheightra  ;  the  quarter  of  Kilcrummie, 
the  quarters  of  Stralinch  and  Strandoragh.  the  %  quarter 
of  Mullamackilchir,  the  quarters  of  StrathcashcUbegan- 
bay,  the  quarter  of  Drombochill,  and  the  2  sessioughs  of 
Dromsillagh  and  Sor.ighan,  in  the  same  proportion  of 
Boylagh.  The  aforesaid  lands  are  sett  forth  and  allowed 
for  the  meere  Irish,  by  one  Alex.  Cuninghame,  Esq., 
agent  to  the  Earle  of  Annandell,  and  are  %  parte  (to  be 
lett  and  allowed  to  the  meere  Irish)  of  10,000  acres  in  the 
severall  proportions  followinge,  viz.,  Boylaghoughtragh, 
Cargul  [Cargie],  Duncanelie  [or  Downcally],  Kilgarvan 
[Kilkerhan],  Monargan  [Moynarga],  MuUaghveagh,  Boy- 
lagheightragh,  and  the  Rosses,  all  lyinge  and  beinge  in 
the  barronie  of  Boylagh  and  Bannagh,  in  the  county  of 
Donnegal,  and  past  by  his  Maties  letters  patents  unto 
the  earle,  as  undertaker  in  the  province  of  Ulster."  In- 
quisitions of  Ulster,  Donegal,  (18)  Car.  I. 

(143).  iirst  Paten  fiC.  — This  was  Sir  Robert  MacLellan, 
laird  of  Bombie,  and  Earl  of  Kirkcudbright,  see  p.  296. 
Some  scribe  here  writes  him  Lady  Brombie,  supposing 
that  the  contraction  la  :  before  his  name  meant  leuiy  \ 
For  his  grant  of  the  Rosses,  see  p.  296.  This  under- 
taker alienated  his  proi)ortion  to  Archibald  Acheson, 
Esq.,  and  on  the    12th  of  October,    16 16,  Acheson  and 


Macl^llan  joined  in  the  surrender,  for  considerations,  of 
the  lands  to  John  Murray,  afterwards  Lord  Annandale. 
See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Donegal,  (9)  Jac  I. 
.  (144).    Thomas  Dutton. — This  gentleman,  at  the  time 
of  his  death  in  August,    1633,  was  styled  as  "lately  of 
Rucleagh,  in  the  county  of  Longford,  knight,"     (See  /«- 
quisitions  of  Ulster,  Donegal,  (22)  Car.  I.)     Sir  Thomas 
Dutton  had  the  character  of  a  discreet  and  valiant  captain, 
and  as  such  secured  for  himself  several  valuable  appoint- 
ments, as  well  as  the  holiour  of  kniglithood.     He  had  been 
originally  a  gentleman  of  the  Privy  Chamber,  and  on 
coming  to  Ireland  was  appointed,  among  other  offices,  to 
that  of  Seoutmaster.     He  had  also  a  grant,  in  1627,  of 
the  inland  forts  of  Ulster  and  Connaught.     The  King,  in 
a   letter  to   Falkland,    Oct.,    15,    1625,    says:— "Upon 
humble  suit  made  unto  us  by  Sir  Thomas  Dutton,  we  do 
hereby  require  and  authorise  you  to  cause  our  grant  to  be 
made  to  him  in  due  form  of  law,  without  fine,  of  the 
castles,  bawns,  or  forts  of  Moirie  Castle,  and  Charlemount, 
in  our  county  of  Armagh  ;  Cloghowter,  in  our  county  of 
Cavan  ;  Toome,  in  our  county  of  Antrim  ;  Monaghan,  in 
our  coimty  of  Monaghan  ;  Iniskyllin,  in  our  county  of 
Fermanagh,  and  of  all  other  inland  forts  in  either  of  our 
provinces  of  Ulster  and  Connaught,  not  formerly  granted 
in  fee-farm." 

(145).  Have  Estates. — In  the  meantime,  Dutton  wisely 
let  his  lands  to  Irish  tenants,  who  could  be  cleared  off  at 
very  short  notice,  but  who,  whilst  permitted  to  remain, 
paid  higher  rents  than  British  settlers  would  consent  to 
do.  Thus,  he  let  five  balliboes  in  the  quarter  called 
jVIuUagh,  to  Mulmory  Oge  McSwynt ;  the  half  quarter  of 
Mullagh,  to  Hugh  McDonnough  bafte  MeSwyne  and 
others  ;  the  quarter  called  Roscatt,  to  Mennama  G' Boyle, 
James  O' Alulcanan,  and  others  ;  the  balliboe  called  Inish- 
keragh,  to  Manus  &  Boyle ;  the  balliboe  of  Inishally,  to 
Farrell  O'Domiell ;  the  two  quarters  of  Arran,  to  Edmond 
boy  0" Boyle ;  the  quarter  of  land  called  Crutt,  to  Conchor 
CfKerygan  ;  the  %,  quarter  of  Crutt  to  Tirlagh  CGaliher ; 
the  balliboe  of  Moy,  to  Neale  Oge  G'Donnell ;  seven  bal- 
liboes of  the  aforesaid  quarter  of  Crutt,  to  Toole  McFarrell 
G'  Gallachor,  and  others  ;  the  two  balliboes  of  Cloghglasse 
and  Inisheny,  the  quarter  of  Maghericappell,  and  the  half 
quarter  of  Arlan,  to  Cafiall  duffe  O' Dogherty  \  **all  which 
quarters,  parcells,  and  balliboes,  were  let  by  the  saide 
Captcn  Dutton,  over  and  above  the  %  parte  of  the  said 
proportion  of  Rosses,  and  contrary  to  the  conditions  of  the 
said  Earl  of  Annandall's  letters  patents."  The  above- 
named  tenants  are  described  in  every  case  as  **  meere 
Irish,  and  not  of  the  English  or  British  discent  orsimame." 
Dutton  held  the  proportion  of  the  Rosses  simply  by 
"demise  from  Ilarbertt  Maxwell,  agent  to  the  Earl  of 
Annandall,"  as,  in  1626,  Sir  George  Hamilton  got  a  lease 
of  it  from  the  landlord,  for  a  term  of  eleven  years.     The 


502 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


LXXVIL  i,ooo  Acres. 
Sir  Patrick  McKee  was  first  Patentee  (146).  John  Murrey y  Esq,,  hath  1,000  acres,  called 
Cargie.  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Clay  and  Stone  rough  cast  with  Lime,  being 
60  feet  square,  and  12  feet  high,  and  built  upon  a  Rock.  I  find  divers  planted  on  this  land,  but 
there  is  not  one  Freeholder,  and  they  who  are  upon  the  Land  have  no  Estates,  but  Mynnets, 
being  in  Number  23  Families,  and  are  able  to  make  40  Men,  all  of  Brittish  Birth ;  but  these  do 
dwell  dispcrsedly  in  the  Countrey  (147). 

LXXVIII.     1,000  Acres. 

Patrick  Vans  [Vans]  was  first  Patentee  (148).  John  Murrie  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Boilagk- 
Outra,  This  is  set  to  William  HamiUoHy  Gentleman,  and  some  others.  Upon  this  Proportion 
there  is  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  being  70  feet  square,  1 2  feet  high,  with  two  Flankers ;  it 
hath  in  it  a  Castle  very  strong  ;  there  are  not  any  Freeholders ;  there  are  28  Families  of  Brittish 
Nation  (as  I  am  informed  by  some  of  the  country),  that  are  able  to  make  50  Men  with  Arms ;  but 
these  hold  their  land  but  by  Promise  ;  I  saw  but  very  few  of  them,  for  they  dwelt  far  asunder,  and 
had  no  time  to  come  unto  me. 

LXXIX.     1,000  Acres. 

William  Stewart  (149),  the  first   Patentee.     John  Murrey ^  Esq,^  hath   1,500  acres,  called 


most  suitable  land  on  this  proportion  of  2,000  acres  to  be 
let  to  the  Irish,  were  the  quarter  called  Kancreny,  the 
quarter  called  Killoquyn  al'  Shraghcashell,  half  the  quarter 
of  Gortnesillagh,  the  half  quarter  of  I)irr}*an,  the  two 
sessia^hes  of  Straneglogh  and  Shannagh,  the  half  sessiagh 
of  TuTlherd,  one  balliboc  of  Dromlaghfynne,  one  balliboe 
of  Magherecashell,  and  one  balliboe  of  Correagh.  See 
Inquisitions  0/  Ulster^   Donegal,  (16)  and  (32)  Car.  I. 

(146).  First  Patented. — See  McKee's  grant  from  the 
Crown,  p.  297.  The  lands  then  granted  were  soon  let  in 
part  by  Sir  Patrick  to  William  Stewart  of  Maines  ;  and 
afterwards  to  his  brother  Patrick  Stewart  of  I^neall. 
They  appear  to  have  held  jointly  with  Sir  Robert  Gordon, 
who  bought  out  the  proportion  from  McKee,  on  the  17th 
of  September,  161 5.  When,  and  on  what  terms,  Cargie 
was  transferred  to  John  Murray  does  not  appear.  See 
Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  l!)onegal,  (9)  Jac.  I. 

(147).  In  the  Countrey.  — The  condition  of  affairs  on  this 
estate  were  found  to  be  more  unsatisfactory  than  what 
generally  existed  throughout  the  wide  lands  granted  to  the 
Earl  of  Annandall.  The  23  British  settlers  in  the  propor- 
tion of  Cargie  were  scattered  about  and  had  no  leases,  but 
only  *  mynnets,'  or  minutes,  meaning  letters  from  the  earl 
or  his  agents,  promising  them  freeholds  or  leases,  as  the 
case  might  be.  'I'he  following  are  the  names  of  the  lead- 
ing Irish  on  the  estate: — **Ckven  McDegany\  and  others, 
meere  Irish,  hold  the  Yz  (itiarlcr  of  Munternize,  from 
Thomas  McColIagh,  deceased,  assignee  unto  the  said 
earle,  and  paictli  |ier  an.  6/.  ster.  ;  which  said  quarter 
lyeth  in  the  small  proportion  of  Cargie.  Oiven  MeCollyn, 
a  mecre  Irishman,  held  seven  balliboes  of  the  quarter  of 
Dromie,  in  the  aforesaid  proportion,  from  Alexander 
Money,  assignee  unto  the  saide  earle  ;  and  same  paies 
per  an.  3/.  sterlinge.  (Mcen  O* Ilarraghy^  a  meere  Irish- 
man, holds  one  half  of  '/s  of  the  quarter  of  Dromchower, 


called  Dromachillane,  from  Edward  Griffin,  assignee  to 
the  said  late  earle,  and  paies  per  an.  20r.  sterlinge. 
Bryan  McColiyn,  a  meere  Irishman,  held  one  half  of  Vs  of 
the  quarter  of  Bonyglen,  called  BallymacCaule  and  Cor- 
duffe,  from  John  McKeye,  assignee  to  the  said  carle,  and 
paies  per  an.  30;.  sterlinge.  Inquisitions  of  UlsUr^ 
Donegal,  (17)  Car.  I, 

(148).  First  Patentee. — Patrick  Vans's  patent  was  dated 
iith  Aug.,  16 10,  and  he  sold  his  lands  of  Boylagboatn, 
on  the  3rd  of  October  following,  to  Patrick  O'Munty. 
The  latter  sold  this  property  to  Sir  Robert  Gordon,  qb 
the  3rd  of  August,  1614.  (See  Inquisitions  of  Clster^ 
Don^l,  (9)  Jac.  I. )  lliis  proportion  was  also  extensifdy 
occupied  by  Irish  tenants,  the  principal  of  whom  are 
mentioned  in  the  following  terms : — Phtllemy  McGiUtir^  a 
meere  Irishman,  held  the  parcell  of  land  called  Altreme. 
from  Joan  Smith,  assignee  unto  the  said  earle  [of  Annan- 
dale]  ;  and  same  paies,  per  annum,  lOr.  sterling,  which 
parcell  lyeth  in  the  proportion  of  Boylaghcghtxacb. 
Huii^h  0*bonvne,  a  meere  Inshman,  held  '/s  oftheqaaxia 
of  Downan,  from  William  Knox,  assignee  unto  tbie  said 
earle;  and  the  same  [0*Donync]  paies  per  an.  8^ 
sterling.  Edmond  G'Boyli^  a  meere  Irishman,  held  the 
quarter  of  Dromboyerty  from  John  Hamilton,  tamist 
unto  the  said  earle ;  and  same  paies  per  an.  2/.  sterUa|- 
Dermott  Ultagh^  and  others,  meere  Irish,  houlde  ''s  ^ 
Aghalacky  from  Wm.  Hamilton,  assignee  unto  the  aid 
earle;  and  same  paies  per  an.  20f.  sterling.  PkeUtm 
McGillkir^  and  others,  meere  Irish,  houlde  Vs  ^  ^ 
({uarter  of  Lettermore,  in  the  proportion  of  Boylaghoagk- 
tragh,  from  Geo.  Kirke,  deceased,  assignee  onto  the  aid 
earle,  and  payeth,  per  an.  5/.  sterling.  Imquisitiom  ^ 
Ulster^  Donegal,  (17)  Car.  I. 

(149).   William  Stewart,— ^/cf^yoo.   Caiew  desig;aalfi 
this   undertaker   as    "brother   of  Gartle»e^'*  ooncoil^ 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


503 


Dunconally  (150).  James  Toodie,  and  others,  have  taken  this  for  certain  years.  There  is  on  this 
Land  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  and  a  Castle  which  is  now  inhabited.  I  find  planted  upon 
this  I^nd,  oi  Brittish  Families, 

Lessees,  11,  viz.,  I  am   informed  by  the  Country 

1  having  200  acres.  that  there  are  30  Families  upon  this 

2  having  100  acres  jointly.  Land,  being  able  to  make  40  Men 
5  having  200  acres  jointly.                                                             with  Arms;  but  I  saw  but   10  that 

3  having  120  acres  le  piece.  had  any  Estates. 

LXXX.  1,000  Acres. 
Alexander  Dunbar^  first  Patentee  (see  p.  298).  fohn  Murrey^  Esq,y  hath  1,000  acres,  called 
Kilkeran  (15:^,  the  which  are  set  to  Rowland  Cogwell,  and  others,  for  15  years.  Upon  this  there 
is  a  Bawne  and  a  Castle  of  Lime  and  Stone,  being  inhabited  by  a  Scottish  Gentleman.  There  is 
not  one  Freeholder,  and  but  two  Leaseholders  that  could  show  any  Assurance ;  the  one  hath  a 
Lease  for  15  years,  and  the  other  for  five ;  and  these  have  under  them  10  Brittish  Familes.  There 
are  many  Irish  (152). 


Garlics.  Tliis  Wm.  Stewart  was  brother  of  Sir  Alexander 
Stewart,  created  by  James  I.,  in  1607,  Viscount  Garlics, 
and  in  1623,  advanced  to  the  earldom  of  Galloway. 
These  Stewarts  were  descended,  through  a  long  line  of 
ancestors,  from  that  Walter  who  was  appointed  dapifer, 
meat-bearer,  or  steward  of  the  royal  household,  by 
David  I.  William  Stewart,  the  undertaker  in  Ulster, 
married  the  heiress  of  Burray,  and  afterwards  resided  on 
that  estate.  See  Lands  of  Gallcnvay  and  thHr  Owners^ 
pp.  412-425. 

(150).  Dunconally. — This  proportion  was  granted  from 
the  Crown,  July  23,  1610,  to  the  undertaker  mentioned  in  the 
preceding  note,  whose  surname  is  written  in  an  inquisition 
SUrardTknAStr^vard.  On  June  lo,  1610,  even  before  thedate 
of  his  patent,  this  undertaker  had  sold  his  proportion  to  Sir 
John  Vance  of  Lancaster,  who  appears  to  have  lost  it  by 
neglecting  the  leading  conditions  on  which  it  was  granted. 
See  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Donegal,  (9)  Jac.  I.  Among 
the  principal  Irish  tenants  on  the  estate  were  the  follow- 
ing : — *'A'c'ale  O' Mighan  held  the  two  balliboes  of  Killma- 
creddan  and  Dromeany,  from  Andrew  Nesbitt  since  the 
date  of  the  aforesaid  letters  patents  [13th  Dec.  1620]  untill 
May  last  ;  which  said  Andrew  was  assignee  unto  the  said 
earle,  and  said  two  balliboes  lyeth  in  the  proportion  of 
Dowanelie  [Dunconnally].  Phdlemy  McGilkir  held  the 
2  balliboes  of  Straghrying,  and  the  balliboe  of  O'Multyn, 
since  the  date  of  the  aforesaid  letters  patent,  untill  May 
last,  and  is  to  possess  and  enjoy  the  same  for  4  yeares 
from  hollantide,  1631,  and  houldes  the  same  from  Robert 
Maxwell,  assignee  to  the  said  carle"  [of  Annandale]. 
Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Donegal,  (16)  Car.  I. 

(151).  Kilkeran. — This  proportion,  the  name  of  which 
is  written  also  Kilkerrhan^  and  Kilkarhan,  was  granted 
to  Alexander  Dunbar,  on  the  19th  September,  16 10,  and 
sold  by  him  to  Sir  Robert  Gordon,  on  the  27th  of  August, 
161 5.  It  is  described  as  containing  "all  the  lands,  tene- 
ments, and  hereditaments,  in  or  within  the  severall  townes, 
villages,  hamletts,  quarters,  balliboes,  andparcells  of  land 
following,  that  is  to  saye,  one  quarter  called  Tawnaght, 


one  quarter  called  Kilkassey,  one  quarter  called  Mackrose, 
one  quarter  called  Kilkarhan,  one  quarter  called  Lagna- 
siltoge,  one  quarter  called  Fentragh,  one  quarter  called 
Dramanoe,  %  parte  of  the  quarter  called  Maywhoho,  and 
'Vs*  partes  of  the  quarter  called  Dirrylaghan,  all  which 
containe  i,oco  acres  of  land."  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^ 
Donegal,  (32)  Car.  I. 

(152).  Many  Irish. — In  1632,  the  Irish  on  this  propor- 
tion were  sub-tenants  of  a  lady,  whose  family  had  probably 
been  deprived  of  the  land,  but  who  was  permitted  to  hold 
for  a  time  and  to  retain  a  certain  number  of  Irish  tenants 
at  will.  "Onora  ny  Galchor,  a  meere  Irishwoman,  and 
her  undertenants,  being  meere  Irish,  and  such  as  are  not 
of  the  English  or  British  discent  or  simame,  held  the  half 
quarter  of  Kynaghan,  in  the  proportion  of  Killkeran, 
from  Thomas  Catheringham,  assignee  unto  the  said  earle 
[of  Annandale],  since  the  date  of  the  aforesaid  carle's 
letters  patent,  untill  May  last,  and  she  is  to  possess  the 
same  by  virtue  of  a  lease  from  the  said  Thomas  in  1632, 
for  which  she  paid  a  fyne  untill  May  next ;  the  same  paies 
per  annum  10/.  sterling.  Donnogh  O'Mellane,  a  meer« 
Irishman,  held  the  Yz  quarter  of  Kilkerran  aforesaid,  from 
William  Hamilton,  assignee  unto  the  aforesaid  earle, 
untill  May  last ;  the  same  paies  6/.  sterl.  per  annum. 
Bryan  G'Curyn,  and  others,  meere  Irish,  held  the  half 
quarter  of  Lurgansilloge,  from  PhelUmy  McGUlgirr,  who 
held  the  same  from  Sanders  Dunbarr,  assignee  to  the  said 
earle.  Francis  Congallj  a  meere  Irishman,  held  the  three 
and  a  half  balliboes  of  the  quarter  of  Fyntragh,  in  the 
said  proportion,  from  James  Hamilton,  assignee  unto  the 
said  earle,  from  the  date  of  the  aforesaid  letters  patents 
[13th  December,  1620],  untill  May  last ;  and  same  paies 
per  annum  3/.  sterling,  (huen  Ballagh  Congallf  a  meere 
Irishman,  held  the  quarter  of  Dromnanon,  in  the  said 
proportion,  from  David  Keames,  since  the  date  of  the 
aforesaid  letters  patents  [13th  December,  1620],  who, 
untill  May  last  past  was  assignee  to  the  said  earle,  and 
paied  per  annum  8/.  sterling.'*  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^ 
Donegal,  (17)  Car.  I. 


504 


tup:  plantation  in  ulster. 


LXXXI.     1,000  Acres. 
The  Lady  [Laird]  Broih^hton  was  first  Patentee  (see  p.  296).    John  Murrey^  Esq,^  hath  1,000 
acres,  called  BaUa\;^h\Boila\:;h\IU^htra{ii'^,     Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  nothing  at  all  built, 
and  all  the  Land  is  inhabited  with  Irish  (154). 

LXXXI  I.     1,000  Acres. 
Alexander  Cunningham  holdeth  1,000  acres,  called  Maynagan  (155),  from  the  aforesaid  yc^^A 
Murrey^  Esq.     Upon  there  is  a  strong  BawTie  of  Lime  and  Stone,  with  two  Flankers.     It  hath  very 
few  Brittish  Tenants,  but  a  great  many  of  the  Irish^  which  dwell  upon  the  I^and. 

LXXXIIL     1,000  Acres. 
James  McCuUogh  holdeth  1,000  acres,  called  Muilaghvegh  (156).     Upon  this  there  is  neither 
Bawne  nor  Castle,  and  very  few  Brittish  on  the  I^nd,  for  the  most  thereof  is  fhhabited  with 
Irish  (157). 


(153).  Balhigh'Ev^htra. — This  proportion  and  that 
called  the  Rosses  were  orij^inally  panted  to  George 
Murray,  Liird  of  Broujjhton,  who  died  at  Lifibn.1,  on  the 
6th  of  Auji[ust,  1613.  He  left  several  children  who  had 
not  been  duly  lej;itimised  at  the  time  of  his  death,  and  all 
his  lands  in  Done^^al  consecjucntly  reverted  to  the  Crown 
at  his  death.  Tlie  names  of  his  children  were  John, 
Susan,  Marian,  Katherine,  and  Helen.  See  Inquisitions 
of  Ulster,  Donegal,  (9)  Jac.  I. 

(154).  With  Irish.— ''Bryan  mer^agh  OTmlchor  held 
the  quarter  of  land  of  Ixrtogh,  in  the  proportion  of 
Boylagheightra,  from  Alex.  Monroe,  assignee  unto  the 
saide  Earle"  of  Annandnll,  since  the  date  of  the  said 
letters  patents  [taken  out  by  the  earl  on  the  13th  Dec, 
1620]  untiil  May  last  past,  and  hath  come  now  growinge 
upon  the  same.  Kdniond  O* Brcssla)}^  and  others,  meere 
Irishmen,  held  the  Yz  quarter  of  Cashellgowlan,  since  the 
date  of  the  aforesaiil  letters  patents,  untiil  May  last,  from 
Edward  Grift'in,  assignee  unto  the  Karle  of  Annandall, 
and  hath  come  now  growinge  upon  the  same,  lit'^i  Oji^e 
O* Boyle,  a  meere  Irishman,  held  the  quarter  of  Mace  for 
the  same  time.  7'irlaj^h  O^Convo^jg/ian,  a  meere  Irishman, 
held  the  ji  quarter  of  Gt)rtnesillogh,  since  the  date  of  the 
said  letters  patents  untiil  May  last.  Bryan  mergagh 
0*Galekor,  and  others,  meere  Irishmen,  held  the  %, 
quarter  of  Lalerlye,  since  the  date  of  the  aforesaid  letters 
patents,  untiil  May  last,  from  Alex.  Kearney,  gent., 
assignee  to  the  said  Karic  of  Annandall.  Inquisitions 
cj  Lister,  Donegal,  (i6)  Car.  I. 

(155).  Movfiagan. — This  proiM)rti()n,  which  is  named 
Moynarga  in  the  inquisitions,  was  sold  on  the  22nd  of 
Oct.,  161":,  by  the  original  patentee,  Alexander  Coning- 
ham,  to  Sir  Robert  Gordon,  who  appears  to  have  h)st  it 
by  his  n-jglcct  in  performing  the  nMidilions  of  the  patent. 
(See  Iiiquisitims  "/  Lister,  lK)negal,  (9)  Jac.  1.).  By 
the  siuvi-y  of  1609,  Moynargnn  rontaines  all  the  lands, 
tenements,  and  hereditaments  in  or  within  the  several 
townes.  villages,  hamletts,  (juarters,  balliboes,  or  parcells 
of  land  following,  that  i>.  t«)  s.iye,  <me  quarter  called 
Clo^hlw^ye,  one  quarter  called  Magherierogh,  one  quarter 
called  Carrowevalley,  one  Ji  (juarter  called  Drumurr)'n, 
one  quarter  called  Kilkashill,  one  quarter  called  Magher- 


mayle,  one  qu.artcr  called  Tyermoylin,  one  quarter  called 
Moygunm.!,  '^^i  partes  of  the  ^ua^tcr  of  Moynargan,  and 
]i  of  the  quarter  of  Coumegarde,  all  which  due  cnn* 
teync  1,000  acres.  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Donegal,  (52) 
Car.  1. 

(156).  Muilaghvegh,  — This    proportion,    calleil    also 
Mullaghvagh,  was  sold  by  the  first  'patentee,  McCuIIoch, 
on  the  3rd  of  Sept.,  1 61 2,  to  Patrick  Nemoch,  a  buxms 
of  Edinburgh,  who  sold  the  lands  to  Sir  Robert  Cordon, 
the  latter  losing  them  by  non-fulfilment  of  the  condition 
specified  in  the  patents  and  bonds.    {Inquisitions  of  Clsttr, 
Donegal,  {9)  Jac.  I).     In  the  survey  of  1609,  Mullagh\'egh 
is  called  Mullaghreagh,  and  described  as  containing  "all 
the  lands,  tenements,  and  hereditaments  in  or  within  tbe 
severall  townes,    vilLages,    hamletts,  quarters,    balliboes. 
and   parcells  of  land   folio winge,    that   is  to  sayc,  one 
quarter   called  Camcwcfadda,   one  quarter  calletl  Kill* 
oweras,   one   quarter  called   MuIIaghwagh,  one  ouarter 
called  Ballycannan,  one  quarter  called  Drombohell,  one 
quarter  called   Ardtraghe,    one  quarter   called  Dromni- 
sillaghe,  the  %  quarter  of  Shammaghe,  and  the  %  of 
quarter  of  Comecarde,  all  of  which  doc  conleyne,  in  the 
whole,    1,000  acres."      Inquisitions  of  Clster,  I>jDq;al 
(32)  Car.  I. 

(J 57)'  With  Irish. — Only  one  leader,  or  principal 
person  among  tlte  Irish  on  this  proportion  is  named  in  the 
mquisition  which  we  have  already  quotctl  so  frequently, 
and  which  has  special  reference  to  the  grant  from  the 
Crown  to  the  Earl  of  Annandale.  **Djnneil  MeGiltir, 
and  others,  mcerc  Irishmen,  held  the  half  quarter  of  Ball;- 
chanon,  in  the  pro]X)rtion  of  MuIIaveagtie,  from  Wm. 
Keames,  assignee  unto  the  foresaid  Earle,  since  the  dale 
of  the  aforesaid  letters  patents  [13th  Dec.,  1620]  anlin 
May  last ;  and  same  ixiics  |x:r  an.  20s.  sterlinge.  Tbe 
inquisition  closes  with  the  following  statement: — "AH 
which  lands  were  lett  [in  the  8  foregoing  proportioas] 
unto  the  aforesaid  meere  Irish  (over  and  above  the  Iburth 
parte  allotted  for  the  Irish  in  every  proportion),  cootzaij 
to  the  conditions  contcynetl  in  the  said  Earle  of  AnnU' 
dall's  letters  patents;  by  virtue  whereof,  as  well  the  aid 
lands,  as  the  rents,  issues,  aad  profitts  thereol^  ore  fb^ 
feited  unto  the  now  Kinge,  his  heirs  and  succesMn." 
Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Donegal,  (16)  and  (17)  Car.  L 


PYNNAR'S    SURVEY. 


505 


The  Precinct  oi  Portlough^  appointed  to  Scottish  Undertakers  (see  pp.  293-295). 

["  Precinct  of  Portlough,  Duke  of  Lennox ^  chief  undertaker  of  2,000  acres.  Sir  Aulant  Aula, 
Knight,  his  agent,  resident,  with  some  British  families ;  no  preparation  for  building,  save  some 
timber  trees  felled  and  squared.  Sir  Walter  Steivart^  Knight^  Laird  of  Mynto,  1,000  acres;  hath 
taken  possession  in  person,  the  summer  16 10;  returned  into  Scotland,  has  done  nothing.  John 
Craufordy  Laird  Kilberr)',  1,000  acres;  not  appeared  nor  any  for  him,  and  nothing  done. 
Alexander  McAula  of  Durlinge,  1,000  acres ;  appeared  not ;  nothing  done.  Sir  James 
Cunninghim^  Knight,  Laird  Glangamoth,  2,000  acres;  took  possession,  but  returned  into 
Scotland ;  his  agent,  Robert  Younge,  resident,  built  one  Irish  bam  of  copies  ;  he  hath  44  head  of 
cattle,  one  plough  of  garrons,  and  some  tillage  last  harvest.  Three  families  of  British  resident  on 
his  proportion,  preparing  to  build ;  as  yet,  no  estate  passed  to  them.  John  Cunningham  of 
Crawfield,  1,000  acres  ;  resident  with  one  family  of  British ;  is  building  a  bawn,  and  preparing 
materials  ;  hath  a  plow  of  garrons,  and  thirty  head  of  cattle.  Cuthbeii  Cunningham,  1,000  acres; 
resident  with  two  families  of  British  ;  built  an  Irish  house  of  copies,  and  prepared  materials  to 
re-edify  the  castle  of  Coole  McEctrean ;  hath  a  plow  of  garrons,  and  80  head  of  cattle  in  stock. 
William  Stewart,  Laird  Dunduffe,  1,000  acres;  his  brother  was  here  for  him  the  summer  1610, 
and  returned  into  Scotland  ;  left  a  servant  to  keep  stock,  being  two  mares  and  30  head  of  cattle. 
James  Cunningham  of  Horomilne,  1,000  acres  ;  was  here  the  summer  16 10,  returned  into  Scotland; 
left  six  ser\'ants  to  keep  cows ;  nothing  done,  nor  preparations  made  for  building."]  Carew's 
Repoii  of  161 1. 

LXXXIV.  1,000  Acres. 
John  Cunningham,  Gentleman,  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Dunboy  (158).  Upon  this  there  is  a 
Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  70  feet  square,  14  feet  high,  with  two  Flankers,  which  be  three  Stories 
high ;  and  in  them  good  Lodging,  and  a  good  House  in  the  Bawne,  in  which  himself  with  his 
Wife  dwclleth.  Near  adjoining  to  the  Bawne  he  hath  built  a  Town  consisting  of  26  Houses,  and 
a  good  Water  Mill,  all  which  is  inhabited  with  Brittish  Tenants  (159).  I  find  planted  and 
estated  upon  this  Land,  oi  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
1  having  120  acres.  Of  these  14  Families,  most  have 

1  having  100  acres.  taken  the  Oath  of  Supremacy;  and 

Lessees  for  years,  12,  viz.,  they  are  able   to  make  with  their 

2  having  130  acres  le  piece.  Undertenants  50  armed  Men.    Here 


(158).  Dunboy.  —John  Cunningham  was  son  of  Sir 
James  Cunningham  of  Glcngarnock,  in  Ayrshire  (see  p. 
294).  His  proportion  of  Dunboy  was  also  known  as 
Ardrie^  both  being  denominational  names  of  parcels  of 
land  on  the  estate. 

(159).    Tenants. — The   name    of   this    residence    was 

CastU-Cutiinghaniy  which  name  was  subsequently  used  to 

designate   the  whole  estate  or  manor,  consisting  of  the 

several   parcels  of  Dunboy,   Monegragane,  and   Moyle, 

O   2 


containing  280  acres ;  the  town  and  lands  of  Moyfadda 
and  Playter,  containing  100  acres  ;  V«o  parts  of  the  quarter 
of  Roughan,  containing  100  acres,  with  the  liberty  to  fish 
in  Lough  Swilly.  The  residence  of  Castle-Cuningham, 
together  with  the  lands  of  Monegragane,  Playter,  Roughan, 
and  Ardrie,  besides  others  in  the  adjoining  proportion  of 
Daccastroose,  were  afterwards  held  by  the  tenure  of  knight's 
service,  while  the  remaining  lands  of  the  two  proportions 
now  mentioned,  were  held  in  common  socage.  See  Inqui- 
sitions of  Ulster,  Donegal,  (5)  Car.  II. 


5o6 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


is  great  store  of  Tillage,  and  not  one 
Irish  Family  on  all  the  Land  (i6i). 


4  having  90  acres  le  piece. 

1  having  48  acres. 

2  having  50  acres  le  piece. 

3  having  100  acres  le  piece  (160). 

LXXXV.     1,000  Acres. 
James  Cunningham  (162)  hath  1,000  acres  called  Moyegh  (163).     Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawne  of 
Lime  and  Stone,  60  feet  square,  with  two  Flankers ;  the  Walls  are  14  feet  high.     Within  the  Bawne 
there  is  a  good  Stone  House,  three  Stories  high,  himself  and  his  Family  dwelling  therein  (164).     I 
find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  2  viz., 
I  having  200  acres. 
I  having  66  acres.  Total,  23  Families,  who  with  their 


(160).  Le  piece. — On  one  and  the  same  day,  namely, 
Uie  1st  of  November,  1 6 14,  John  Cunin^ham,  afterwards 
Sir  John,  leased  several  parcels  of  his  lands.  James 
Robbin,  Robert  Hunter,  and  John  Martin,  rented  the 
quarter  called  Ardrie  ;  William  Boyle,  the  quarter  called 
Moylc  ;  James  Patterson,  Alexander  McKilchany,  and 
John  Plo Wright,  the  quarter  called  Monegragane  ;  John 
Molsed,  Robert  Allane,  John  Fyeff,  Donnell  McKilmun, 
and  Jolm  Wilson,  rented  the  quarter  called  Playter  or 
Plaister ;  Bernard  Coningham,  James  Boyl,  John  Bryce, 
William  Sare,  Donnell  Gillaspick,  John  Fleminge,  Don- 
nell McEvene,  William  McCassack,  Alexander  Colewell, 
John  Wiglon,  John  Ramsay,  Stephen  Woolson,  Andrew 
Calwell,  and  William  Coningham,  rented  the  quarter 
called  Moyfadda  ;  Andrew  Coningham  and  Robert 
Boyl  got  the  quarter  calletl  Donboy  ;  and  Donnell  Connell, 
the  5;  16  part  of  Roghan,  adjoining  Monegragane.  Inqui- 
sitioits  of  Ulster^  Donegal,  {5)  Car.  I. 

(161).  On  all  the  Land,  — Although  Pynnar  saw  no  Irish 
on  this  property  in  1620,  the  natives  gathered  on  after- 
wards. The  lands  considered  most  suitable  for  the  occu- 
[»ation  of  Irish  yearly  tenants  were  portions  of  the  quarters 
called  Roughan  and  Monegragane.  {Ibid).  On  the  23rd 
of  May,  1629,  there  were  issued  letters  patent  of  deniza- 
tion to  John  Cunnyngham  ;  and  also  grant  to  him,  his 
heirs  and  assigns,  for  ever,  of  two  several  proportions  of 
land  in  the  precinct  of  Torllogh,  containing  1,000  each, 
with  a  fishery  in  the  water  or  lake  of  I^ugh  Swilly.  To 
be  held  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  free  and  common 
socage.  The  premises  are  createtl  into  a  manor,  to  be 
called  the  manor  of  CastucunniHi^ham^  with  power  to 
create  tenures  and  hold  400  acres  in  demesne,  and  to 
impark  300  acres  ;  court  leet  and  baron  ;  a  market  on 
ever)'  Monday  at  Newton,  and  a  fair  on  the  feast  of  St. 
I^uke  ;  subject  to  the  conditions  of  plantation,  and  accord- 
ing to  the  terms  for  re-grants  of  lands  in  Ulster. 

(162).  James  Cunningham, — See  p.  295.  This  under- 
taker, and  his  nephew,  Sir  James  Cunningham  of  (ilen- 
gamock,  were  seriously  retarded  in  their  progress  as 
planters  by  Sir  Ralph  Bingley.  A  letter  from  the  King 
to  Chichester,  dated  April  20,  1612,  refers  to  this  matter 
in    the    following    terms: — "Sir    James    Cunningham, 


Knight,  and  James  Cunningham  his  uncle,  British  under- 
takers of  the  proportions  of  Dacostrossc  and  Portlough. 
in  the  precinct  of  Portlough,  and  Moyaghe  and  Tryane, 
complain  that  two  Quarters  of  Tubershane  and  Altagh- 
eary,  belonging  to  tne  said  Sir  James's  proportion,  and 
also  two  quarters  of  the  lands  of  Moyaghe  and  a  qnarter 
of  the  lands  of  Tryane,  belonging  to  the  said  uncle's 

f>ro]>ortion,  expressly  granted   to  them   by  his  Maicstr*s 
etters  patents,  are  wrongfully  detained  from  them  by  Sir 
Ralph  Bingley,  to  the  great  hinderance  of  their  proceed- 
ings, the  said  lands  lying  so  intermixed  with  their  pro* 
l>ortions,  and   being  of  so  commodious  a  situation  fcr 
their  building  and   fortification   there   that  without  the 
enjoyment  of  them  according  to  the  King's  grant,  tbcy 
are  not  able  to  perfect  the  intended  work  of  their  pUnti- 
tion,  which  will  be  a  prejudice  both  to  the  pabUc  serrioe 
and  to  their  private  interest.     He  [Chichester]  is,  there> 
fore,  required  as  well  for  the  upholding  the  King's  grant, 
as  in  regard  that  they  entered  not  into  this  action  of  «• 
pense  by  their  own  suit  but  by  his,  the  Kin;;*s  own  elec- 
tion, as  being  men  particularly  known  to  him,  to  call  Sir 
Ralph   Bingley  before  him,   together  with  the  said  Sir 
James  Cunningham  and  lames  Cunningham,  his  ttnde ; 
and  if  upon  examination,  he  shall  find  that  the  said  par- 
cels in  the  controversy  belong  to  the  said  Sir  James  and 
his  uncle,  he  is  to   put  them  forthwith  into  possesskm ; 
but  if  contmrywise,   they  belong  to  Sir  Ralph  Binglej, 
that  then  he  do  compound  the  matter  between  the  parties; 
which,  if  he  cannot  effect  by  their  mutual  consent,  then 
he  is  to  certify  the  state  of  the  case  to  his  Majesty,  that 
he  may  receive  his  pleasure  thereupon.*'    The  Conning- 
hams  got   possession   of  the  lands  above   named,  bat 
Bingley *s  widow  afterwards  complained  of  being  wnac* 
fully  dealt  with  in  the  settlement  of  the  dispute. 

(163).  Afoyegh. — This  proportion  is  also  designated 
Mtnagh  aF  Ballaghan^  in  an  mqui»tion. 

(164).  Dwelling  therein. — The  inquisition  BOwoooCei 
mentions  that  there  was  on  this  proportion,  in  1OJ91  * 
castle  or  stone  house  52  feet  in  length,  ao  feet  vide,  and 
22  in  height ;  tc^ether  with  a  bawn  whose  walls  were  14 
feet  high  and  22S  feet  in  circomierenoe. 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


507 


Undertenants,  are  able  to  make  42 
men  armed  (166).  He  hath  good 
store  of  Tillage,  and  I  saw  not  one 
Irish  Family  on  all  the  Land  (167). 


Lessees  for  years,  6,  viz., 
2  having  100  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  200  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  240  acres  jointly. 

Cottagers,  15,  viz., 
Each  of  these  has  a   House   and   Garden  Plott,  and  6 
acres,  besides  Commons  for  Cows  (165). 

LXXXVL     1,000  Acres. 

Sir  James   Cunfting/iam  {16S)  hath  2,000  acres,  called  Decastrose  (169)  imd  Portlogh  {l^o), 

Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  no  more  built  than  there  was  three  years  past ;  which  was  a  little 

Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  and  a  small  House  in  it,  in  which  the  Lady  and  her  Daughters  do  now 

dwell  (171);  but  near  to  the  Bawne  there  is  a  small  village  consisting  of  1 2  Houses,  inhabited 


(165).  For  Ccnvs. — On  the  ist  of  May,  1613,  James 
Coningham,  or  Cunningham,  sett  out  a  large  quantity  of 
his  lands  to  the  persons  whose  names  are  underwritten, 
viz. ,  the  quarter  called  Moiagh,  to  Alex.  Dunne,  John 
Dunne,  Donne! I  McKym,  John  Dunne,  junior,  John 
Younge,  \Vm.  Hendr>',  Alex.  Grynney,  and  William 
Stewart  ;  the  quarter  called  Grackhy,  to  William  Valen- 
tyne,  Hugh  Moore,  William  Moore,  and  David  Kennedy; 
the  quarter  called  Magherymore,  to  John  Watson,  Robert 
Paterson,  William  Ekyn,  George  Blacke,  Andrew 
Smythe,  James  Gilmore,  William  Gaate  [Gait],  George 
Pecre  [Pcry],  John  McKym,  Andrew  Browne,  William 
Sutherland,  William  Rankin,  and  John  Smythe  ;  the 
quarter  called  Magherybegg,  to  John  Purveyance,  John 
Harper,  Hugh  Lokard,  Thomas  Scott,  and  John  Browne; 
the  quarter  called  Dryan,  to  John  Roger,  William  Teyse 
[Teese],  and  Donnoll  McEredy ;  the  quarter  called  Tryaft- 
Carrickmore,  to  David  Kennedy,  and  William  Valentyne; 
the  quarter  called  Eredy,  to  Wm.  Amett,  Andrew  Amett, 
John  Alexander,  John  Hutchine,  Peter  Stevenson,  John 
Hamilton,  Edward  Homes,  and  George  Leich.     Ibtd, 

(1C6).  Mt'ft  armed. — Pynnar  says  nothing  about  the 
oath  of  supremacy  in  connection  with  this  formidable 
body  of  armed  men  ;  but  the  inquisition  above  quoted 
informs  us  that  they  had  not  taken  that  oath,  and  that, 
therefore,  the  ktlers  patent,  so  far  at  least  as  the  lands 
let  to  these  settlers,  had  become  null  and  void.  On  the 
5th  of  May,  1629,  were  issued  letters  patent  to  James 
Cunnyngham  ;  and  also  a  re-grant  according  to  the  terms 
already  explained,  to  him,  his  heirs,  and  assigns,  forever, 
of  the  small  proportion  of  Moyegh,  containing  1,000 
acres,  in  the  barony  of  Raphoe,  with  a  fishery  in  the  lake 
or  water  of  Lough  S willy  ;  to  be  held  as  of  the  castle  of 
Dublin,  in  free  and  common  socage.  The  premises  are 
created  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Fort- 
Cunninghaviy  with  the  usual  powers  and  privileges ;  a 
market  every  Thursday  at  Maghcr}'more,  adjoining  the 
church  of  Rarmoghy  ;  and  two  fairs,  26th  June  and  24th 
October. 

(167).  On  all  the  Land. — Although  Pynnar  saw  no 
native  tenants  in  1620,  they  were  no  doubt  to  be  found 
there,  as  on  the  adjoining  proportions  ;  and  at  all  events, 
the  lands  most  suited  for  their  reception  had  been  duly 


set  apart,  as  on  other  estates.  These  lands  were  the 
quarter  called  Tryan-Carrickmore,  and  }i  parts  of  the 
quarter  called  Grackhy.     Ibid. 

(168).  Sir  James  Cunningham. — See  p.  294.  This 
Scottish  knight  was  never,  apparently,  out  of  pecuniary 
difficulties.  On  the  26th  of  February,  1 6 16,  there  is  re- 
corded a  deed  of  bargain  and  sale,  by  which  he  grants 
and  conveys  to  Sir  William  Alexander  of  Menstrey,  the 
manor  of  Dacostnise  and  Portlogh,  and  2,000  acres  thereto 
belonging,  with  the  water-mill  of  Cargyn ;  to  hold  for 
ever. 

(169).  Decastrose. — On  this  proportion.  Sir  James  Cun- 
ningham built  two  water-mills,  known  as  the  Cai^en 
mills.  The  lands  most  suitable  on  which  toadmit  Irish 
tenants  were  the  quarters  of  Gortlevy,  and  the  Va  and  % 
of  the  quarter  of  Bohey.  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Donegal, 
(5)  Car  I. 

(170).  Portlogh.— S^e  p.  295.  Sir  James  Cuningham, 
on  the  20th  January,  1619-20,  sold  to  Alex.  Cuningham 
of  Ballesallagh,  in  the  county  of  Down,  the  two  quarter- 
lands  on  this  estate  of  Drumloghrun  and  Carcomon.  The 
^  quarter  of  Carmon,  adjoining  Listekeale, — which  does 
not  excee<l  the  %  part  of  the  quarter  of  Drumloughran 
and  Carcomon, — was  the  most  suitable  locality  for  Irish 
tenants.     Ibid. 

(171).  Do  no7u  dwell. — This  lady  was  Katherine 
Cuningham,  a  daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Glencaim,  and  her 
family,  by  Sir  James  Cunningham  of  Glengamock,  con- 
sisted of  two  daughters  and  a  son.  Sir  James  had  been 
obliged  to  sell  nearly  all  his  lands  to  Sir  Wm.  Alexander 
of  Menstrie  and  John  Cunningham,  his  brother,  afterwards 
Sir  John  ;  the  former  paying  him  400/.,  and  the  latter 
1,000  marks  for  their  several  lots,  so  that  when  Sir  James 
died,  he  left  his  wife  "destitute  of  jointure  and  dower, 
hb  son  and  heir,  George  Cunningham  within  age,  and 
two  daughters  unprovided  of  means  of  livelihood."  Under 
these  trying  circumstances,  the  King  interposed,  requiring 
the  deputy,  the  lord  chancellor,  and  the  commissioners  of 
plantation  to  hold  an  inquisition,  for  the  purpose  of 
ascertaining  "whether  the  said  Sir  James,  Sir  John 
Cunninghana,  Sir  William  Alexander,  or  any  other  person 
or  persons,  have  done,  or  omitted  to  do,  any  act  contrary 
to  the  conditions  expressed  in  the  patent  of  the  said  lands. 


5o8 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


with  Brittish  Tenants.     There  is  a  good  store  of  Tillage,  and  no  Irish  that  I  saw ;  and,  as  I  am 
informed,  40  able  men. 

LXXXVII.      1,000  Acres. 
Sir  James  Cunningham  must  answer  for  this.     CutJibert  Cunningham  (172)  hath  i,ooo  acres 
called  Dromagh  alias  Coole  AfcTreene.     Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  nothing  built  by  him  ;  but  the 


or  otherwise,  whereby  the  same,  or  any  part  thereof, 
ought  to  be  forfeited,  or  come  unto  us.  And  upon  return 
of  the  inquisition,  finding  a  title  for  us  unto  the  said  three 
proportions  [Dacostruse,  Portlagh,  and  Drummeye]  and 
lanus,  or  any  part  thereof,  to  make  a  grant,  or  grants,  by 
letters  patent  from  us  unto  the  lady  Katherine,  and  her 
assigns,  for  and  during  her  natural  life,  of  one  full  third 
part,  in  three  equal  parts  to  be  divided,  of  the  three 
proportions  aforesaid,  and  of  the  Cargyn  water-mills,  as 
we  shall  be  found  by  inquisition  to  be  entitled  unto,  in 
lieu  of  her  dower  ;  the  remainder  thereof  to  George 
Cunningham  and  his  heirs  ;  and  of  the  other  three  parts, 
the  proi)ortion  of  Dacostnisc  and  water-mills  of  Cargyn, 
unto  the  said  Sir  William  Alexander  and  Sir  Archibald 
Achcson,  upon  trust  and  confidence,  and  to  the  intent 
that  they  shall  receive  and  take  the  profits  for  the  pa3rment 
of  the  400/.  due,  which  Sir  William  Alexander  is  willing 
to  accept  of  in  satisfaction  of  his  interest  in  the  lands  and 

mills  to  him  conveyed And  we  do  further 

hereby  authorise  you  to  make  a  grant  by  our  letters  patent, 
to  lady  Katherine  of  the  guardianship  of  the  body  and 
lands  of  the  said  George  Cunningham,  her  son,  during  his 
minority,  and  of  all  the  rents  and  profits  of  the  proportions 
of  Portlagh  and  Drummeye,  and  the  mill  thereunto  erected 
since  the  death  of  Sir  James  Cunningham,  for  the  better 
maintenance  of  herself  and  her  children ;  and  to  take 
order  that  the  lady  Katherine  may  receive  speedy  satis- 
faction for  all  such  sums  of  money  as  shall  appear  to  be 
due  unto  her  husband.  Westminster,  May,  1027."  In  the 
year  following,  another  letter  from  the  King  to  the  deputy, 
adding — "forasmuch  as  the  said  lady  had  not  hitnerto 
been  able  to  repair  into  that  kingdom  to  prosecute  her 
affairs  there,  being  detained  on  this  side  by  urgent  busi- 
ness, and  more  especially  for  want  of  means  to  support 
her,  the  profits  of  those  lands,  which  are  her  only  supply 
of  livelihood,  being  kept  from  her ;  and  in  regard  also, 
that  the  time  limited  by  our  letter  and  instructions  of  the 
l6th  August,  in  the  third  year  of  our  reign,  for  passing 
[re-passing]  unto  the  undertakers  of  Ulster  the  severju 
proportions,  is  now  expired,  so  that  by  our  letters  of  the 
5th  of  June  last  wc  have  directed  a  commission  and  other 
instructions  for  passing  those  lands  to  several  undertakers 
[which  had  been  forfeited  by  neglect  of  covenants] ;  it  is 
our  pleasure  that  the  said  lady  shall  have  the  benefit  of 
the  commission  and  instructions  lately  directed  as  afore- 
said.'* But  there  was  further  delay  in  hanng  this  business 
finally  arranged,  for  the  lady  Katherine's  brother.  Lord 
Kilmaurs,  had  become  security  for  several  sums  of  money 
borrowed  by  her  husband,  which  sums  he,  Lord  Kilmaurs, 
was  obliged  to  pay.  A  third  royal  letter  was  issued  from 
Windsor,  on  the  i6th  of  July,  1629,  in  which  the  Irish 
deputy  is  instructed  as  follows  : — **  Whereas,  we  did  lately 
write  our  letters  unto  you,  our  Deputy,  for  passing  Sir 
James  Cunningham's  lands  unto  his  son,  or  some  other 
feoffees,   to  his  use,  and  the  use  of  his  mother,  who  is 


sister  to  the  said  Lord  Kilmawres,  and  who,  as  we  con- 
ceive, would  be  loath  to  prejudice  her  said  brother,  or 
hinder  the  payment  of  his  just  debt ;  our  pleasure,  there- 
fore, is,  that  you  stay  the  passing  of  all  letters  patent  of 
the  said  lands,  or  any  part  thereof,  unto  any  person  what- 
soever, until  such  time  as  the  said  debt  be  first  paid  ;  or, 
at  least,  that  ^ou  take  some  speedy  course  wnereby  to 
charge  the  said  lands  with  the  said  debt,  and  also  for 
payment  of  some  small  debt  due  unto  Master  John 
Dromond,  servitor.  To  our  well-beloved  cousin  and 
counsellor  the  Earl  of  Monteith." 

(172).   Cuthbert  Cunningham.— Set  p.  295.     Cuthbert 
Cunningham,  who  was  evidently  a  relative  of  Sir  James, 
probably  his  uncle,  had  disappeared  from  his  proportion 
on  the  shore  of  Loughswilly,  either  dying  or  retuming  to 
his  native  Ayrshire  ;  but  Sir  James  was  unable  to  answer 
for  his  own  undertakings,  and  much  less  to  become  re- 
sponsible for  those  of  others.     He  had  become  in  some 
way,  however,  the  owner  or  occupier  of  Dromagh^  for  be 
resided  there,  and  there  died  in  1623,  his  son  and  heir, 
George  Cunningham,  being  9  ^ears  of  age  at  the  time 
of  his  father's  death.     {Inquintions  of  Uister^  Donega], 
(i5)Jac.  I.)    After  the  arrangement  already  mentioned, 
this  proportion    of  Dromagh,  or  Drumeye,  or   CoeJe- 
mcTreene,  or  Coolmcltrian,  or  Colmacatrane,  most  have 
been  sold  in  fragments  to  suit  certain  neighbouring  onder- 
takers.  W^e  find  that  on  the  14th  of  July,  1630,  there  was  a 
grant  of  its  lands  to  Sir  William  Stewart,  Sir  John  Canunf^ 
ham,  John  Hamilton,  and  James  Cunningham,  their  ban 
and  assigns  forever,  as  undertakers  of  the  province  of  Ulrtei; 
of  the  small  proportion  of  Coolemcltrien,  in  the  predad 
of  Portlogh,  baronv  of  Raphoe,  with  all  the  lands  tboe- 
unto  belonging  ;  also  6S0  acres  in  the  same  barony ;  umI 
the  eighth  part  of  a  quarter  called  TuUyannon,  lying  in 
the  said  proportion.     To  be  held  as  of  the  c^de  of 
Dublin,   in  free  and  common  socage.      The  lands  oe 
created  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Odh 
mf^Itrieny  with  power  to  create  tenures  and  hold  700  aati 
in  demesne,  court  leet  and  court  baron,  warren,  park,  nd 
chase,  with  such  conditions  and  covenants  as  are  insexted 
in   the  patents  of  the  undertakers.      The  old  dispott 
between  Sir  Ralph  Bingley  on  the  one  side,  and  the 
Cunninghams  and  Alexander  McAula  on  the  other,  was 
revived  in  1626.      This  dispute  had  reference  to  two 
quarters  of  land  called  Tubberslane  and  Attaheare  gnated 
to   Sir  James  Cunnineham;   the  site  of  the  dissolved 
monastery  of  Bealleachan,    with  two  quarters  of  land 
called  Dryan  and  Moyagh,  granted  to  James  Coaniagfaam, 
esquire;  and  one  quarter  of  land,  parcel  of  the  diadved 
monastery,  called  Mullanehalaske,  granted  to  Alennda 
McAula,  whose  assignee  is  Alexander  StewaiL     ThcK 
several  parcels  of  land  had  been  regularly  indoded  ia  the 
proDortions  granted  to  the  undertakers  above  named,  and 
held  b^  them  for  a  time,  until  seized  by  Sir  Ralph  Kngky 
as  havmg  previously  been  gruited  to  him  00  a  loK « 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


509 


Tenants  do  build  after  their  manner,  and  it  is  peopled  sufficiently  ;  the  said  Sir  James  must  build 
and  answer  for  both  the  Proportions,  and  therefore  I  have  put  them  both  together ;  for  otherwise 
they  cannot  be  distinguished.  I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  these  Proportions,  of  Brittish  Birth 
and  Descent, 

Freeholders,  6,  viz., 
3  having  200  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  140  acres. 
I  having  120  acres. 

1  having  100  acres. 

Lessees,  for  years,  9,  viz., 

2  having  200  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  200  acres  jointly, 

3  having  100  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  360  acres  jointly. 

Cottagers,  15,  viz., 
Each  has  a  Tenement,  with  a  Backside,  with  some  Com- 
mons for  Cattle. 

LXXXVIII.  1,000  Acres. 
William  Stewart^  Laird  of  Dunduff^  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Coolelaghic  (173).  Upon 
this  Proportion  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Clay  and  Stone  70  feet  square,  with  two  Flankers,  being 
three  Stories  high,  with  necessary  Lodgings  in  them ;  but  they  are  not  as  yet  finished ;  also  there 
is  a  good  House  in  it,  in  which  himself  with  his  Wife  dwelleth  (174).  I  find  planted  and  estated 
on  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Birth, 


Total,  30  Families,  who,  with  their 
undertenants,  are  able  to  make  80 
men,  whereof  five  have  taken  the 
Oath  of  Supremacy. 


21  years.  It  was  arranged,  in  16 14,  that  the  undertakers 
should  hold  the  lands,  and  that  Bingley  should  have  an 
equivalent  in  some  other  quarter.  The  latter,  however, 
does  not  appear  to  have  received  any  'consideration'  for 
the  property  to  which  he  believed  himself  entitled ;  and 
in  1620,  he  commenced  a  suit  in  the  name  of  Lieut. 
George  Gall  or  Gale,  against  Sir  John  Cunningham, 
James  Cunningham,  and  Alexander  Stewart,  for  recovery 
of  the  said  lands.  Sir  James  Cunningham  and  Alexander 
McAula  had  died  before  this  second  effort  of  Bingley  to 
regain  possession.  James  I.,  who  hushed  up  the  original 
dispute,  had  also  died;  but  his  son,  Charles  I.,  also  took 
up  the  matter  warmly  on  the  part  of  the  undertakers. 
**In  respect  we  and  our  Crown,"  says  he,  "are  entitled 
unto  the  lands  in  question  by  the  great  office,  which  we 
will  not  have  in  any  sort  to  be  questioned,  and  for  that 
the  said  undertakers  have  been  for  divers  years  settled  in 
the  possession  of  the  said  lands,  we  do,  therefore,  in 
confirmation  of  our  father's  good  intention,  expressed  in 
his  letters  [especially  in  one  dated  Aug.  7,  1614],  hereby 
require  you  [deputy  Falkland]  to  take  present  order  for 
staying  of  any  further  proceedings  upon  the  said  suit,  and 
of  all  other  suits  to  be  brought  against  Sir  John  Cunning- 
ham,  James  Cunningham,  and  Alexander  Stewart,  con- 
cerning the  premises,  saving  only  before  you  ;  and  that 


I 


ou  take  order  that  they  be  no  further  causelessly  molested 
y  the  said  Sir  Ralph  Bingley,  or  any  other  person  or 
persons  whatever,  touching  the  premises  or  any  part 
thereof.  June  7th,  1626."  Soon  after  this  date  Bingley 
was  slain,  but  his  widow,  who  was  about  to  marry  again 
in  1628,  renewed  the  claim  to  have  back  the  ''lands  from 
which  her  husband  had  been  wrongfully  dispossessed  for 
the  space  of  twelve  years,"  and  for  which  King  James 
"intended  to  have  given  a  valuable  recompense  to  Sir 
Ralph  Bingley."  Charles  I.,  in  writing  to  the  Deputy 
Falkland  .on  the  7th  June,  1628,  announces  his  wishes  on 
the  subject  as  follows — ^and  as  we  hear  no  more  of  the 
matter,  the  lady  had  no  doubt  her  way: — "Forasmuch 
as  the  said  Sir  Ralph  Bingley  was  slain  in  our  service^ 
valiantly  fighting  for  us  and  his  country,  we  are  graciouslv 
pleased  to  afford  unto  the  lady,  his  widow,  all  just  relief; 
and  at  her  humble  suit  for  a  speedy  determination  of  this 
controversy,  do  hereby  require  and  authorise  you  to  call 
the  Lady  Bingley,  and  the  parties  now  interested  and 
seized  of  and  in  the  lands  and  mills,  and  to  examine  the 
controversy;  and  finally  to  determine  the  same  according 
to  justice  and  equity." 

(173).  Coolelaghie,     See  p.  294. 
(174). — DwelUth. — The  mquisition  now  (quoted  states, 
that  on  this  proportion  there  were  the  followmg  buildings 


5IO 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
I  having  200  acres. 

1  having  60  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  8,  viz., 

2  having  200  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  100  acres  le  piece. 

3  having  200  acres  jointly. 
I  having  66  acres  (175). 

LXXXIX. 


Those  ten  Families,  with  their 
undertenants,  are  able  to  make  40 
Men  with  Arms ;  and  these,  for  the 
most  part,  have  taken  the  Oath  of 
Supremacy. 


1,000  Acres. 


Alexander  McAwley  alias  Ste^uart  (\'](i)  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Ballyneagh  (177).     Upon  this 


in  1629,  namely,  a  castle  or  stone  house,  18  feet  long,  17 
feet  wide,  and  21  feet  in  height  ;  a  second  stone  house, 
18  feet  long,  18  feet  wide,  and  17  feet  in  height ;  and  a 
bawn,  the  walls  of  which  were  14  feet  high,  and  360  in 
circumference. 

(175).  Acres,— On  the  loih  of  June,  1614^  William 
Stewart,  laird  of  Dunduffe,  sett  off  several  portions  of  his 
lands  to  the  persons  whose  names  are  hereunder  written : 
— *'  The  quarter  called  Dnmibarnad,  to  .\rchibald  Thom- 
son, John  Coningham  al'  Huggin,  John  Hood,  James 
Dunsayer,  William  FuUerlon,  and  (iilbert  Kennyday ; 
the  quarter  calle<l  Money  more,  to  John  MacKay,  John 
Smyth,  Alex.  Lokard,  Alex.  Hunter,  James  Say  re, 
Walter  Stewart,  and  William  Smelley  ;  the  quarter  called 
Kilvarry  [Kilbarry],  to  Thomas  Lodge  ;  the  quarter  called 
Maneclant,  to  Hugh  O'Doghcrty  and  Con  O'Donncll ; 
the  quarter  called  Drumoghill,  to  Arthur  Stewart,  gent  ; 
the  quarter  called  Modowy,  to  James  Maghan,  Dermont 
0*Brallaghan,  Shane  0*Brallaghan,  Killt^oomeO'Demy, 
Anthony  Stewart,  gent.,  and  Toole  Mc\'egany  ;  and  the 
W  part  of  the  quarter  called  Drumalls,  to  Michael 
Mclx)ghery  and  Owen  Macintire.  The  natives,  who  are 
here  nametl  with  the  British  settlers,  were  placed  on 
the  lands  called  Modowy,  and  three  balliboes  of 
Maneclant.  {Inquisitions  oj  Ulster y  Donegal,  (9)  Car. 
I.)       On   the    7th  ,   1629,    letters  of 

denization  were  issued  to  this  William  Stewart  ;  and 
also  a  re-grant  to  him,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  forever, 
of  the  small  proportit)n  of  Cooloaghy,  in  the  precinct  of 
Portlogh,  containing  1,000  acres.  To  be  held  as  of  the 
castle  of  Dublin,  in  free  and  common  socage.  The 
premises  are  created  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor 
of  Mount -Strwart ;  witli  power  to  create  tenures  and  hold 
400  acres  in  demesne ;  court  baron  an<l  court  leet,  waifs 
and  strays,  liberty  to  impark  300  acres ;  subject  to  the 
conditions  of  the  plantation,  and  to  the  King  s  terms  for 
re-grant. 

(176).  Alias  Steionrt. — Among  the  controversies  some- 
what fiercely  waged  througliout  the  Ulster  plantation, 
there  vi  as  one  between  this  undertaker  and  his  powerful 
neighbour,  Sir  Ralph  Bingley.  In  i6ii.  Care w  mentions 
the  c-iuse  of  this  dispute  as  follows  :— "  Between  Sir  Ralph 
Bingli'y  and  Alexander  McAulay, — for  the  quarter  of 
Mon.'jghaf;lin  or  Monaghlin,  and  the  Quarter  of  Trien, 
whicli  lands  the  said  Sir  Ralph  affirms  do  belong  to  the 
abbey  of  Ballieghan.     Admit   these   are  of  the  abbey. 


which  could  not  appear  so  on  the  general  survey,  yet  this 
abbey  was  formerly  passed  to  Sir  Ralph  Bingley,  in  fee, 
and  by  him  sold  to  [the  earl  of]  Tirconnell,  and  by  kirn 
[the  earl]  forfeited  again,  and  never  since  passed  to  any  ; 
so  the  King  may  grant  it  to  the  undertaker,  and  to  him  it 
must  ht  maintained  ;  antl  if  Sir  Ralph  have  any  promiK 
from  the  Crown,  he  must  be  otherwise  satisfied,  which  is 
to  be  further  considered,  for  Sir  Ralph  has  been  a  man  of 
good  merit  and  service  in  those  parts."  It  would  seem 
that  the  quarrel  here  mentioned  was  not  settled  until  the 
King  himself  was  appealed  to.  In  April,  161 2,  a  King's 
letter  was  addressed  to  Chichester  stating  that  **  Alexaoder 
Maccaula  of  Durling  complains  that  in  April,  161 1,  be 
obtained  his  Majesty's  letters  to  Sir  Arthur  Chichester, 
and  that  pursuant  thereto  he  [Chichester]  directed  a  war- 
rant to  Sir  Ralph  Bingley,  then  high  sheriflf  of  the  coootj 
of  Donegal,  to  put  him,  the  said  Alexander  Maccaula, 
into  possession  of  the  iK>rtion  of  lands  called  Balline 
[Ballyochan,  and  afterwanls  Ballylawn],  within  the  pre- 
cinct of  Portlough,  according  to  the  tenor  of  the  King's 
letter,  granted  to  him  as  a  British  undertaker.  That, 
nevertheless,  the  said  Sir  Ralph  Bingley  refuses  to  execne 
the  said  warrant,  and  to  give  nim  possession  of  the  quarter 
of  land  called  Monaghlin,  parcel  of  the  said  AlexaDder's 
pro{)ortion,  the  said  quarter  being  at  this  present  wrw^ 
in  the  possession  of  tne  said  Sir  Ralph  Bingley  (as  the 
King  is  informed),  whereby  the  said  Alexander  and  sacb 
people  as  he  carried  over  hither  for  the  plantation  and 
mhabiting  of  the  said  proportion  of  land  are  disappointed  of 
the  most  commodious  place  for  their  plantation,  to  tneir  great 
loss  and  hindrance.  He  [Chichester]  is,  therefore,  to  call 
both  parties  before  him,  and  if  he  shall  find  the  right  to 
the  said  parcels  to  belong  to  the  said  Alexander  Maocula, 
he  is  to  put  him  forthwith  into  possession  ;  but  if  to  Sir 
Ralph  Bingley,  then  he  is  to  try  to  coinpound  the  matter 
between  them ;  and  if  he  cannot  eflect  this  by  their 
mutual  consent  he  is  to  certify  the  state  of  the  cause  to 
him  [the  King]  to  learn  his  pleasure."  Maccaula  matt 
have  got  possession  of  the  disputed  lands  soon  after  the 
date  of  this  letter  on  terms  that  he  failed  to  observe, ~it 
least  to  the  satisfaction  of  Lady  Btneler,  who^  after  her 
husband*s  death,  complained  that  she  haa  been  wroogflallr 
dealt  with  in  the  matter. 

(177).  Ba/lymarA,— The  first  patentee,  Alex.  UgAbIi. 
alias  Stewart,  sold  these  lands  to  Alexander  Stcmt, 
probably  a  kinsman,  and  John  Stewnit»  soa  of  the  |nw> 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


5" 


there  is  built  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone  70  feet  square,  with  four  Flankers,  and  a  Stone  House  in 
it  (178).     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Birth, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
I  having  200  acres.  Total,    11     Families,    who,    with 

1  having  60  acres.  their    Undertenants,    are     able    to 

Lessees  for  years,  9,  viz.,  make  30  Men  armed ;  these   have 

3  having  200  acres  le  piece.  taken     the    Oath    of    Supremacy. 

2  having  180  acres.  Here  is  good  store  of  Tillage,  and 

1  having  120  acres.  I  saw  not  one  Irish  Family  on  the 

2  having  60  acres  le  piece.  Land. 
I  having  40  acres. 

XC.     1,000  Acres. 
The  Laird  of  Luss  (179)  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Corgagh  (180).     Upon  this  Proportion  there  is 
a  Bawne  of  Clay  and  Stone,  60  feet  square,  10  feet  high,  with  two  Flankers,  and  a  poor  House 


chaser,  held  the  lands  in  1629.  On  the  9th  of  May,  in 
that  year,  letters  of  denization  were  issued  to  John 
Stewart ;  and  also  a  grant  to  him,  his  heirs  and  assigns, 
forever,  of  the  small  proportion  of  Balliveagh,  in  the 
precinct  of  Portlough.  To  be  held  as  of  the  castle  of 
Dublin,  in  free  and  common  socage.  The  premises  to  be 
created  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  StnvartS' 
Courts  with  the  usual  privileges  and  powers  enjoyed  by 
manors,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  and  requirements  of 
re-grants.  Although  Pynnar  saw  not  *'one  Irish  family 
on  the  lands,"  in  1620,  the  native  tenants  no  doubt 
occupied  soon  afterwards  the  lands  set  apart  for  them 
in  this  proportion — viz.,  the  quarter  of  Ballyveagh 
and  Ye  parts  of  the  quarter  of  Ballyloane.  Inquisitions  of 
Ulster^  Donegal,  (8)  Car.  I.  ;  (13)  and  (14)  Car.  II. 

( 1 78).  Stone  House  in  it.  — The  inquisition  above  quoted 
states  that  in  1629,  there  stood  on  this  proportion  a  castle 
or  stone  house,  surrounded  by  a  wall,  forming  a  bawn,  but 
that  the  wall  was  then  in  a  dilapidated  condition.  John 
Stewart  died  on  the  1st  of  March  1642,  and  was  succeeded 
by  his  son  and  heir,  also  named  John,  who  was  25  years 
of  age  at  the  time  of  his  father's  death.  He  died  in  1646, 
and  his  son  and  heir,  William  Stewart  was  eight  years  of 
age  at  the  time  of  his  father's  death.  Barbara  Stewart, 
the  widow  of  John  and  mother  of  William,  was  alive  in 
1662.  The  family  residence  of  Ballylawn  was  called 
Strwart-Court  in  1640,  and  subsequently. 

(179).  Laird  of  Luss. — This  was  Sir  John  Colquhoun, 
the  representative  of  a  very  old  clan  or  sept,  whose 
'country'  lies  on  the  banks  of  Loch  Lomond,  and  compre- 
hends Glendouglas,  Glenluss,  and  Glenfruin — a  district 
celebrated  for  the  picturesque  beauty  of  its  scenery.  It 
is  rich  also  in  historical  associations ;  and  the  ruins  still 
remaining  at  Banochar,  Inch-Galbraith,  and  Ross-dhu, 
are  evidences  of  its  early  territorial  importance.  On  the 
14th  of  July,  1630,  letters  patent  of  denization  were  issued 
to  Robert  Colqunhowne,  son  of  Sir  John  ;  and  a  grant  to 
him,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  forever,  of  the  small  proportion 
of  Corkagh,  in  the  precinct  of  Portlogh,  barony  of  Raphoe, 
containing   1,000  acres.     To  be  held  as  of  the  castle  of 


Dublin,  in  free  and  common  socage.  The  lands  are 
created  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Corkagh^ 
with  power  to  create  tenures  and  hold  400  acres  in  de- 
mesne ;  court  leet  and  court  baron ;  warren,  park,  and 
chase,  according  to  the  usual  terms. 

(180).   Corgagh. — This     proportion    was     afterwards 
known   as  Corkagh,     In    1662,  Humphrey  and  Robert 
Galbraith  held  nearly  all  its  lands  in  fee,  having  pur- 
chased  from   Sir   John  Colquhon,    the    laird    of  Luss. 
His  son,  Sir  John  Calhowne,  purchased  back  this  pro- 
perty on  the  1st  of  May,  1664,  consisting  of  the  quarter 
called  Corkagh,  the  quarter  of  Lebindish,  the  quarter  of 
Lesglamerty,  the  quarter  of  Ruskey,  the  quarter  of  Gort- 
raore,  and  the  towns  and  lands  of  Carrickballydowy  al* 
CarrickballydufTe — in  all,  700  acres.    (Sec  Inqnisitions  of 
Ulster^  Donegal,  (3)  Car.  II.)    The  two  Galbraiths  above 
named   were    probably  connexions  of  the  Colquhouns. 
Several  brothers  came  to  Ulster  at  the  time  of  the  planta- 
tion, and  two  of  them,    Humphrey  and  William,  were 
retained  by  Spottiswoode,    the   Bishop  of  Clogher,   as 
upper  servants  or  agents  in  the  management  of  his  various 
and  apparently  very  troublesome  a^airs.     Among  their 
numerous  duties  they  seem  to  have,  at  times,  acted  as 
bailiffs  for  the  bishop,  at  least  during  the  period  of  his 
great  quarrel  with  Lord  Balfour  already  mentioned.     (See 
PP-  475»  476).    In  the  course  of  this  feud,  the  belligerents 
adopted  the  rather  provoking  tactics  of  driving  off  eadi 
other's  cattle.    Indeed,  this  appears  to  have  been  a  species 
of  warfare  in  which  the  Scottish  settlers  showed  them- 
selves suspiciously  expert — their  adroitness  at  such  work 
suggesting  the  conclusion  that  some  of  them  at  least  must 
have  learned  the  art  of  *  cattle  lifting'  before  coming  to 
Ulster.     An  opportunity  for  the  bishop's  retainers  to  do 
a   little  business  in   this  line  had  come,  and  we  shall 
permit   the   writer  of  that  prelate's  *  Life,*  to  tell  the 
results  of  their  movements  as  follows: — "They  went  to 
Lissenskea  [Lisnaskea],  the  Lord  Balfour's  tovme,  where 
they'  found   three  or  four  horses  of  Sir  John   Wimbes 
[Wemyss,  son-in-law  to   Balfour],   which  they  brought 
away  and  prized  them  at  Inniskilling.     Some  two  days 


512 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


within  it,  which  is  thatched.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
I  having  300  acres. 

1  having  100  acres.  Total,  10  Families,  who,  with  their 

Lessees  for  years,  3,  viz.,  Undertenants,  are  able  to  make  26 

I  having  330  acres.  Men ;  whereof,  five  of  the  best  have 

1  having  300  acres.  taken  the  Oath  of  Supremacy.  Here 

I  having  195  acres.  is  good  store  of  Tillage. 

Cottagers,  5,  viz., 
Each  of  these  has  a  House  and  Garden  Plott, 

XCL     3,000  Acres. 
Sir  John  Steiuart^  Kni^ht^  hath  3,000  acres  called  Cashell,  Ketin,  and  Littergull  (181).     Upon 
this  Proportion  there  is  built  at  Magevelin,  a  very  strong  Castle   of  Lime  and  Stone,   with  a 


after,  the  20th  of  Decembre,  the  bishop's  servants  went 
out  again,  some  five  in  number,  to  take  a  distress  for  Sir 
John  Wishard*s  rent,  who,  as  they  were  passing  by  the 
Lord  Balfour's  town,  perceived  the  Lord  Balfour's  stood 
of  mares  to  be  pasturing  on  the  bishop's  lands,  for  which 
Balfour  refused  to  pay  rent ;  they  resolved,  therefore,  to 
goe  no  further,  so  severed  a  part  of  the  stoo<l,  and  drove 
Siem  towards  Inniskilling  ;  and  were  gone  near  seven 
miles  from  the  place  before  Sir  John  Wimbes,  and  above 
three  score  of  the  Lord  Balfour's  tenants  and  servants 
overtook  them.  Sir  John,  incensed  with  the  indignity 
he  thought  done  him  so  lately,  he,  without  any  worde, 
att  the  ver>'  first,  thrust  William  Galbreith  through  the 
shoulder  with  a  pyke,  then  two  or  three  of  his  company 
gave  him  divers  other  wounds.  Humi)hrey  Galbreith, 
seeing  his  brother  in  this  case,  he  called  to  Sir  John  to 
forbear,  and  he  should  have  all  content,  to  whom  Sir 
John  answered — 'Devill  have  my  soule  if  we  part  so  ;' 
whereupon  Humphrey  grafted  [grappled  ?]  with  Sir  John, 
and  while  they  were  wrebtling  in  a  dirty  bog,  one  David 
Balfour  wounded  Humphrey  in  divers  places.  Humphrey 
laying  his  accompt  his  brother  was  killed,  and  himself 
could  not  escape,  he  took  holde  of  a  long  skeen  that  was 
about  Sir  John  Wimbes,  and  therewith  did  nive  him  a 
deadly  wound.     So  they  parted  ;  for  Sir  John  s  company 

fathered  all  about  Sir  John  himself,  and  pursued  the 
ishop's  servants  no  further.  The  bishoji's  men  were  all 
sore  wounded,  and  lost  mutch  blood,  so  had  much  adoe 
to  get  home.  They  did  not  acquaint  the  bishop  with 
that  was  done,  neither  did  he  suspect  that  unhappy  acci- 
dent, till  Sir  William  Cole  came  to  Portora  [the  bishop's 
dwelling-place],  and  affirmed  that  Sir  John  was  deadly 
hurt,  and  therefore  required  the  bishop  to  enter  into  a 
recognisance  of  a  thousand  pounds,  to  make  his  servants 
forthcoming  att  the  next  assizes."  {Spottiswaotie Miscdlany^ 
vol.  i.,  pp.  11 3- 1 1 4.)  Although  the  bishop  consented  to 
this  proposal,  he  did  so  only  through  fear  ;  and  suspecting 
afterwards  that  the  Galbraiths  would  make  their  escape 
to  Scotland,  and  he  would  thus  forfeit  his  thousand 
pounds,  he  had  actually  made  an  arrangement  with  the 
sheritfto  seize  them  before  the  time  appointed  for  their 


trial.     They  eluded  this  trap  ;  and  Humphrey  Galbraith, 
indignant  at  the  bishop's  heartlessness,   wrote  from  his 
hiding  place,  a  long  letter,  of  which  the  following  are  the 
concluding  words: — "If,  therefore,  you  love  jourselfe.  as 
I  know  you  do  better  than  all  the  world  beside,  foUow 
your  busmess,  and  leave  the  pursuit  of  us  ;  which,  if  yoa 
doe,  I  vow  before  God,  that  not  only  those  who  are  with 
me,  but  even  the  rest  shall  be  present  at  the  day ;  for 
so  much  I  dare  undertake  for  them,   wheresoever  they 
are."    Tlie  Galbraiths  appeared,  were  tried  for  morder, 
and  escaped  the  doom  which  the  Balfour  party  had  hoped 
was  in  store  for  them  ;  but  the  bishop  haul  to  pay  a  very 
heavy  fine  for  the  doings  of  his  servants.     Afterward^ 
the  Galbraiths  were  able  to  buy  lands,  and  to  uke  the 
rank  of  county  gentry. 

(i8i).  LUUrgitU, — These  three  small  proportions  were 
granted  to  Ludovic  Stewart,  Duke  of  Lennox  (see  p.  393); 
and  Sir  John  Stewart,  who  held  them  in  Pynnars  time, 
was  either  agent  or  undertenant  to  Lennox.  The  second 
proportion,  which  Pynnar  calls  Ketin,  was  better  knowa 
as  Magauelen  or  Mongavlin.  The  following  is  a  concct 
account  of  this  grant,  as  contained  in  a  King*s  knei; 
dated  April  1 1,  1628:— <'To  Ludovick,  Duke  of  Lenas, 
his  heirs  and  assigns,  were  granted,  the  23rd  Joly,  1610^ 
the  small  proportion  of  Mage\'elin,  containing  1,000 
acres  of  land,  and  the  advowson  of  the  rectory  of  Taf* 
hoyhin ;  the  small  proportion  of  Letteimill,  containing 
I, OCX)  acres;  and  the  small  proportion  cm  Ca^U,  cob* 
taining  1,000  acres,  together  with  all  castles,  messna^f%, 
mills,  &c.,  thereunto  belonging.     On  the  6th  , 

16 1 8,  were  granted  to  said  Duke  of  Lenox,  his  heirs  aad 
assigns,  the  quarter  of  Dromtowlan  alias  Castlelufe,  the 
hall  quarter  of  Lagnevrawe,  and  three  balliboes  of  Ibe 
quarter  of  Galdenogh,  toother  with  a  market  weeU]^. 
and  two  fairs  yearly  at  St.  Johnstone.  And  after  the  wd 
Ludovick,  Duke  of  Lenox,  died  without  hein,  tfctt  hodi 
and  premises  descended  unto  Elsme,  Ute  Duke  of  Lenoi, 
and  Earl  of  March,  as  brother  and  heir  of  the  9aA 
Ludovick  ;  and  after  the  said  Esme,  Dnke  of  Lenox,  dU 
the  lands  descended  to  James  Duke  of  Lenox  and  Eail  of 
March."    The  King's  letter  goes  on  to  state  that,  ai  the 


J 


PYNNAR'S    SURVEY. 


5^3 


Flanker  at  each  corner;  but  as  yet  there  is  no  Bawne  nor  Freeholders  made;  and  for  want  of  them 
he  [Sir  John]  saith  the  Duke  of  Lenox  shall  answer  the  King.  But  I  saw  the  land  well  inhabited 
and  full  of  people ;  but  what  estates  they  have  I  know  not,  neither  would  he  call  the  Tenants 
together ;  but  showed  me  a  counterpaine  of  one  Lease,  and  said  that  each  of  the  Tenants  had  the 

like. 

XCII.     I, GOO  Acres. 

Sir  John  Stewart  aforesaid  hath  i,ooo  acres  called  Lismolmoghan  (182).     Upon  this  there  is 

neither  Castle  nor  Bawne ;  but  the  Land  is  well  inhabited  with  Brittish  Tenants. 

The  Precinct  of  Liffer^  allotted  to  English  Undertakers.     (See  p.  293). 

["  Precinct  of  Lyffer.    Sir  Henry  Docwra,  Knight,  undertaker  of  2,000  acres,  has  by  allowance 


plantation  of  the  above-named  lands  had  not  been  duly 
performed,  the  deputy  and  commissioners  were  to  hold 
an  inquisition,  and  when  it  would  appear  that  the  lands 
had  come  again  l>y  forfeiture  to  the  Crown,  they  were  to 
be  granted  formally  to  James,  Duke  of  Ixnox,  **  in  con- 
sideration of  his  acceptable  and  good  service,  and  as  a 
mark  of  our  special  favour  towards  him,  and  for  his  en- 
couragement, and  better  enablement  to  do  us  further 
serA'ice."  On  the  24th  of  Januar>',  1628-29,  a  grant  was 
accordingly  made  to  James,  Duke  of  Lennox,  of  the  small 
proi:»ortion  of  Magavclin  with  the  advowson  of  the  vicar- 
age «>f  Taghcylin,  the  j>rojx)rtion  called  Lettergull,  and 
the  i^ropoilion  of  Cashell,  with  other  lands.  To  hold 
forever,  as  of  the  castle  of  Dublin,  in  free  and  common 
socage.  Tlie  j^roportions  and  lands  mentione<l  in  the 
patent  are  created  into  two  manors,  one  to  be  called  the 
manor  of  Maui;n'lifty  and  the  other  to  be  called  the  manor 
of  Li$violmo^:^hir\%  having  the  usual  powers  and  privileges 
of  other  manors  ;  a  market  in  any  convenient  place  within 
the  quarter  called  Altaraskin,  and  two  fairs  on  the  Tues- 
days next  after  the  feasts  of  Easter  and  St.  Michael 
The  first  Duke  of  Lennox  got  the  appointment  of  ad- 
miral, when  it  was  forfeited  by  the  turbulent  Francis 
Stewart,  Earl  of  Bothwell.  Of  this  first  duke,  whose 
name  was  Esme  Stewart,  Scot  of  Scotstarvet,  says: — 
*'IIe  first  married  the  widow  of  the  Sheriff  of  Ayr;  but 
having  small  contentment  in  her,  he  quitted  her  at  King 
James  \'I.'s  going  to  England,  and  when,  some  few  years 
thereafter,  she  followed  him  up  to  I^ondon,  he  sent  her 
back  again  with  small  contentment.  After  that,  she  dying 
of  displeasure,  he  married  the  Countess  of  Hereford,  but 
had  no  children  by  her,  and  died  suddenly  in  his  bed,  the 
first  day  uf  King  James  VL's  last  Parliament,  and  was 
thought  to  have  been  poisoned."  Ludovick  the  second 
duke,  the  same  author  notices  as  follows: — "Lewis 
[Ludovick],  son  to  Esme,  succeeded  him  in  the  honour 
and  office  of  admiralty,  and  survived  him  scarce 
a  year  or  two;  but  it  was  thought  he  was  poisoned." 
For  a  notice  of  Esme,  the  third  duke,  see  p.  308.  Of 
James,  the  fourth  duke,  to  whom  the  above-mentioned 
grant  was  made,  Scot  remarks: — "Albeit  he  had  the  title 
of  Admiral  as  successor  to  his  progenitors,  yet  he  lost  it 
by  the  English,  their  incoming  to  Scotland,  and  their 
apprehending  [taking]  j^ossession  of  the  whole  offices 
pertaining  to  the  Crown,  whereof  that  was  one.'*  See 
Staggcritii;  State  of  Scottish  Statesmen^  pp.  1 1 7- 1 18. 


P    2 


(182).  Lismolmoghan. — There  is  no  mention  of  this  pro- 
portion in  the  printed  inquisitions,  nor  of  Sir  John  Stewart, 
the  first  patentee.  In  the  grant  of  all  the  lands  mentioned 
in  the  preceding  note  to  James  Duke  of  Lennox,  this 
proportion,  here  and  in  other  documents  called  Lismol- 
mogan,  was  included  by  the  name  of  Lismolmoghety^  and 
evidently  consisted  of  the  lands  known  as  Dromtowlan  al' 
Castlelufe,  Lagnevrawe,  and  Galdenough.  The  absence 
from  the  inquisitions  of  any  mention  of  Sir  John  Stewart, 
once  the  recognised  owner  of  Lismolmoghan,  or  Lismol- 
moghery,  is  partly  explained  by  the  following  King's 
letter,  addressed  to  Falkland,  the  deputy,  on  the  27ih 
June,  1628: — "Whereas  we  have  directed  you  by  our 
letters  to  make  a  grant  by  letters  patent  unto  Sir  James 
FuUerton,  and  Sir  David  Murray,  of  the  several  propor- 
tions of  Magevelin,  Lettergull,  and  Cashell,  and  sundry 
other  lands  and  hereditaments,  in  trust  and  confidence  to 
the  only  use  and  behoof  of  James  Duke  of  Lenox  and  Earl 
of  March ;  forasmuch  as  Sir  John  Stewaid,  who  hath 
hitherto  held  possession  of  the  aforesaid  proportions,  hath 
lately,  in  our  realme  of  Scotland,  been  convicted  of  certain 
capital  crimes  according  to  the  laws  of  that  our  kingdom, 
for  which  he  remains  in  prison  there,  at  our  mercy  for  his 
life  ;  we  require  you  forthwith  to  give  effectual  order  and 
warrant  that  the  house  and  castle  of  Magevelin  be  deli- 
vered into  the  possession  of  Thomas  Holmes,  agent  there 
for  our  cousin ;  and  that  all  the  household  stuff  and 
utensils  therein  remaining,  and  the  cattle  upon  the  ground 
lately  belonging  to  the  said  Sir  John  Steward,  be  duly 
inventoried,  and  put  into  the  hands  of  the  said  Holmes, 
until  we  may  give  further  direction  therein.  And,  under- 
standing that  one  William  Yong,  late  servant  to  Sir  John 
Steward,  is  fled  into  that  kingdom,  and  hath  carried  with 
him  several  evidences,  writings,  and  papers,  and  some 
plate,  money,  and  jewels,  lately  belonging  to  Sir  John,  and 
further  that  he  is  m  that  our  kingdom  suspected  of  theft, 
and  become  a  fugitive,  it  is  our  pleasure  that  you  cause 
speedy  and  diligent  search  to  be  made  after  the  said  Yong, 
and  having  found  him,  to  cause  such  things  of  the  nature 
aforesaid,  as  can  be  discovered  in  his  custody,  or  in  any 
sort  embezzled,  to  be  seized  on,  and  the  same  to  be  put 
into  the  hands  of  some  sufficient  person,  until  upon  notice 
thereof,  we  shall  give  direction  for  the  further  disposing  of 
the  same  ;  and  likewise  to  commit  him  to  prison,  and  so 
soon  as  may  be,  to  cause  him  to  be  sent  in  safe  custody  to 
our  council  of  Scotland,  there  to  undergo  such  trial  as 
shall  be  thought  fit." 


514  THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

of  the  Council,  passed  over  his  portion  of  land  to  William  Wylson  of  Clarye,  in  Suffolk,  who  has 
letters  patent  in  his  own  name.  The  said  Wylson  had  his  agent,  Chris.  Parmenter,  resident,  who 
appeared  before  us.  There  are  some  families  of  English  resident,  who  brought  over  good  store  of 
household  stuff,  and  have  stock  2 1  cows  and  oxen,  9  mares,  one  service  horse,  and  some  small 
cattle.  Sir  Morris  Barkley^  Knight^  undertaker  of  2,000  acres ;  has  not  been  here  nor  any  agent 
for  him,  nothing  done.  Sir  Robert  Remyngton^  Knight^  2,000  acres;  the  like.  Sir  Thomas 
Comivall^  Knight^  2,000  acres  ;  his  agent,  Edward  Littleton,  took  possession,  and  is  resident ;  has 
built  nothing,  nor  provided  any  materials  yet.  Sir  William  Barnes^  Knight^  1,500  acres;  sold  hb 
proportion  to  Captain  Edward  Russell^  who  is  possessed,  but  has  done  nothing.  Sir  Henry  Clare^ 
1,500  acres ;  has  an  agent  resident,  named  William  Browne  ;  nothing  done.  Sir  Jlwtnas  Coachi^ 
Knight^  I) 500  acres;  is  a  resident,  has  built  a  large  timber  house  adjoining  to  the  Castle  of 
Skarfollis,  and  is  providing  materials  for  re-edifying  the  Castle.  Four  families  of  British  upon  his 
land,  to  whom  he  intends  to  pass  estates.  Captain  Edward  Russell ^  iy5oo  acres ;  is  resident,  and 
his  son  with  him.  There  are  two  English  houses  of  timber  framed ;  stock,  four  horses,  six 
English  cows,  and  a  bull ;  three  or  four  English  labourers,  but  no  tenants.  Captain  Mansfidi^ 
1,000  acres;  is  resident,  has  nothing  done." 

"  Town  of  Lyffer,  A  good  and  strong  fort  built  of  lime  apd  stone,  with  bulwarks,  a  parapet, 
and  a  large  ditch  of  good  depth  cast  about  it  on  the  river  side,  with  a  storehouse  for  victuals  and 
munition,  a  gatehouse  with  a  drawbridge.  This  fort  was  built  by  Sir  Richard  Hansard,  towards 
which  the  King  allowed  him  200/.  English.  There  is  another  small  fort  in  the  town  rampiexed 
and  ditched,  about  which  are  certain  houses  built  of  good  timber  after  the  English  manner,  fdiich 
serve  for  the  use  of  a  gaoler,  and  to  keep  the  prisoners.  Sir  Richard  Hansard,  Knight,  being 
appointed  by  the  now  Lord  Deputy  to  be  at  Lyffer  mth  his  Company  in  1607,  found  but  one  house 
in  that  town.  Upon  view  of  the  town  we  found  it  [16 11]  well  furnished  with  inhabitants  of  English, 
and  Scottish,  and  Irish,  who  live  by  several  trades,  brought  thither  by  Sir  Richard,  who  built  ai 
houses  for  tenants  who  are  to  give  entertainment  to  passengers.  Thirty-seven  houses  were  built  by 
others. 

"  Town  of  DonegalL  We  found  a  fair  bawn  built,  with  flankers,  a  parapet,  and  a  walk  on  the 
top  15  foot  high.  Within  the  bawn  is  a  strong  house  of  stone,  built  by  Captain  Bassill  Brooke, 
towards  which  the  King  gave  him  250/.  English.  Many  families  of  English,  Scottish,  and  Irish 
are  inhabiting  in  the  town,  who  built  them  good  copied  houses  afler  the  manner  of  the  Pile. 
About  two  miles  from  thence  Captain  Paul  Goare  [Gore]  has  erected  a  fair  stone  house  out  of  the 
ruins  of  O'Boyle's  old  castle  upon  the  sea  side,  which  he  has  by  direction  of  the  Lords  of  the 
Council  delivered  up  to  I^ird  Broughton,  undertaker  of  those  lands ;  he  demands  some  considera- 
tion for  his  charges,  which  we  think  him  worthy  of."     Carew's  Report  in  161 1]. 

XCIII.     1,500  Acres. 
Peter  Benson  hath  1,500  acres  called  Shraghmiclar  (183).     Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawneof 

(183).  SAragAmic/ar,— This  name  is  written  Shraghmirler  in  the  sunrey.     Sec  p.  271. 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


515 


Lime  and  Stone  100  feet  square,  13  feet  high,  with  four  Flankers;  there  is  in  it  a  good  House  of 
Lime  and  Stone,  in  which  himself,  with  his  Wife  and  Family,  are  dwelling  (184) ;  he  hath  also  a 
Water  Mill.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Briitish  Fatnilies^ 

Freeholders,  5,  viz., 


5  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  19,  viz., 
I  having  200  acres. 
I  having  120  acres. 
4  having  40  acres  le  piece. 

3  having  25  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  150  acres. 

4  having  1 1  acres  le  piece. 


These  24  Families,  with  their 
Undertenants,  are  able  to  make  68 
men  with  Arms,  and  have  taken  the 
Oath  of  Supremacy.  He  hath  made 
a  village  consisting  of  10  Houses, 
and  not  one  Irish  family  on  the 
Lands. 


5  having  160  acres  jointly  (185). 

XCIV.     2,000  Acres. 
William  Wilson^  Esq,.,  hath    2,000  acres  called  Agliagalla.     Upon  this  proportion  there  is  a 
large  Bawne  and  a  Castle  standing  on  a  high  Mount,  all  which  is  thoroughly  finished,  himself  with 
his  Wife  and  Family  dwelling  therein.     He  hath  made  a  Village  consisting  of  10  Houses  well  built 
(186).     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  the  Brittish  Nation, 


{184).  Are  divcUing. — The  inquisition  now  quoted  de- 
scribes the  chief  buildings  on  this  proportion,  in  1630,  as 
consisting  of  a  caslle  or  stone  house  28  feet  long,  14  feet 
wide,  and  14  feet  in  height  ;  and  a  bawn  whose  walls  were 
9  feet  high  and  560  in  circumference. 

(1 85).  Acres  jointly. — On  the  1st  of  May,  1 616,  Peter 
Benson,  the  proprietor,  let  several  portions  of  his  lands  as 
follows,  viz.,  the  quarter  of  Tcvickmoy  to  Sir  Ralph 
Bingley,  Robert  Kilpatterick,  James  Kilpattcrick,  and 
Archibald  McMathc  ;  the  quarter  of  Dunmoyle  to  tames 
Maxwell,  James  Tate,  Robert  Kilpatterick,  John  Lwart, 
and  Tliomas  Watson;  the  quarter  of  Tirecullin,  to  George 
Newton  ;  the  quarter  of  Garwery  to  Ludovic  Stubbins, 
Toole  >IcDevitt,  and  George  Hilton ;  the  quarter  of 
Shragh mirier  to  George  Bailie,  Richard  Roper,  and 
James  Read  ;  the  quarter  called  Teadanmore,  to  flenry 
Preston,  Thomas  Preston,  Donnell  McKecoge,  and  Chas. 
Atkinson  ;  the  V"  ^^  the  quarter  of  Newna  to  Sir  Richard 
Hansard,  Richard  Babington,  and  Edward  Cattherall ; 
and  the  V-^,  parts  of  Knockgarran  to  John  Kilpatterick  and 
Archibald  McMathe.  These  tenants,  although  all,  with 
perhaps  one  exception,  were  British  settlers,  only  got  leases 
of  their  several  holdings  for  one  year,  probably  until  some 
more  permanent  arrangement  could  be  made.  The  quarter 
of  Teadanmore,  and  the  V"  parts  of  the  quarter  of  >fewna, 
were  considered  the  most  suitable  lands  on  this  proportion 
to  let  to  Irish  tenants.  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Donegal, 
(10)  Car.  I).  The  following  information  relative  to  a  part 
of  these  lands  was  found  by  inquisition,  January,  161 7: — 
*' There  is  a  gort  of  land  belonginge  to  the  viccar  of 
Shraghmirlar,  which  said  gort  lieth  as  foUowcth,  that  is 
to  sale,  it  [the  gort]  beginnith  from  the  middle  causie  of 
stone,  lieinge  betweene  the  churche  and  the  towne  of 
Shraghmirlar,     and   soe    runine    along  a    little    ditche 


by  a  bogge  side,  inclossinge  a  forte,  and  soe  cross- 
inge  a  small  brooke  runninge  up  and  over  a  mosse 
or  turfe  pit,  and  soe  downe  to  a  stoune  ford,  and 
from  thence  directlie  to  a  blacke  thome  which  standeth 
by  the  Kinge's  high  waie,  leadinge  from  Shraghmirlar 
aforesaid  to  Castleffynne,  and  soe  along  to  a  little 
brooke,  and  soe  directlie  up  to  the  cawsic  wher  the 
first  boundes  beganne,  contayninge  by  estimation  20  acres 
of  goode  arrable  lande,  more  or  lesse,  besids  heath  and 
bogge  ;  all  which  gort  was  latlie  in  the  tenure  and  occu- 
pation of  Peter  Benson  of  Shraghmirlar  aforesaid,  or  of 
hisassignes."  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Donegal,  (8)  Jac.  L) 
On  the  nth  of  July,  1629,  a  re-grant  was  made  to  Peter 
Benson,  his  heirs  and  assigns  for  ever,  of  the  middle  pro- 
portion of  Shraghmirlar^  containing  I,5CX)  acres,  in  the 
precinct  of  Liffer,  barony  of  Raphoe ;  to  be  held  in  free 
and  common  socage.  The  premises  to  be  erected  into  the 
manor  of  Shragmirlar^  with  power  to  create  tenures, 
hold  600  acres  in  demesne,  court  baron  and  leet,  waifs 
and  strays  ;  pursuant  to  the  usual  condition  of  plantation. 
(186).  Well  built,  — This  undertaker  was  remarkable  for 
the  energy  with  which  he  prosecuted  his  objects  as  a 
planter.  The  date  of  his  death  is  not  mentioned  in  any 
printed  inquisition.  In  1635,  his  son,  Sir  John  Wilson, 
was  in  possession  not  only  of  the  proportion  called  Agha- 
galla,  but  of  another  known  as  Convoighy  together  with 
additional  parcels  in  the  same  district.  These  lands  were 
created  the  manor  of  IVilsonsfort^  for  which  the  landlord 
paid  to  the  Crown  the  yearly  rent  of  31/.  los,  yl.  Sir 
John  Wilson  died  on  the  i6th  of  ,  1636,  leaving 

a  daughter,  Anne,  aged  two  years.  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster ^ 
Donegal,  (24)  Car.  I).  Anne  died  in  August,  1639,  and 
the  property  was  next  owned  by  her  uncle,  Aiidrew 
Wilson,  brother  of  Sir  John,  who  was  of  full  age  at  the 


5i6 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


These  20  Families  have  50  Fami- 
lies under  them,  which  do  dwell  many 
of  them  together,  and  are  able  to 
make  106  men.  Here  is  great  store 
of  Tillage,  and  not  an  Irish  Family. 


Freeholders,  6,  viz., 
6  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  3  Lives,  14,  viz., 
4  having  200  acres  jointly. 

4  having  56  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  200  acres  jointly. 

3  having  200  acres  jointly. 
I  having  66  acres  jointly. 

XCV.     2,000  Acres. 
Sir  Thomas  Cornwall  was  first  Patentee.     (See  p.  273).     Thomas  Davis  holdeth  from  his 
brother,  Robert  Davis,  2,000  acres  called  Corlackin  (187).     Upon   this  proportion   there  is  1 
Bawne  of  Stone  and  Clay,  rough  cast  with  Lime,  having  two  Flankers,  and  a  Stone  House  in  it 
He  hath  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  English  and  other  Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  4,  viz., 
I  having  220  acres. 

1  having  120  acres. 

2  having  160  acres  le  piece.  These  32  Families  are  dwelling  on 

Lessees  for  years,  28,  viz.,  the  Land,  and  have  taken  the  Oath 

5  having  100  acres  le  piece.  of  Supremacy.     They  have  divers 

6  having  75  acres  le  piece.  Undertakers  under  them,  all  which 


ti me  of  Annc*s  death,  and  married.  ( Inquisitions  of  Ulster, 
Donqral,  (28)  Car.  I.)  In  1629,  this  Sir  John  Wilson, 
of  KiTlenure,  county  of  Donegal,  was  nominated  by  Sir 
Frctlerick  Hamilton,  to  be  raised  to  the  dignity  of  a 
baronet,  pursuant  to  the  authority  given  by  a  King's 
letter.  Sir  Frederick  Hamilton,  youngest  brother  of 
James  Hamilton,  Earl  of  Abercome,  got  the  power  of 
nominating  two  baronets  from  the  King,  no  doubt  in  pay- 
ment of  wages  due  by  the  latter.  Hamilton,  who  was 
a  knowing  gentleman,  would  probably  receive  at  least 
2,000/.  from  the  two  persons  nominated,  for  the  honour 
thus  conferred.  On  the  24th  of  Februarj',  1629,  a  re- 
grant  was  made  to  Sir  John  Wilson,  knight  and  baronet, 
his  heirs  and  assigns,  forever,  of  two  several  proportions, 
namely,  the  small  proportions  of  Aghagalla  and  Convoigh, 
in  the  precinct  of  Liffer,  barony  of  Raphoe,  and  other 
lands  amounting  to  926  acres,  in  the  same  precinct ;  to  be 
held  in  free  and  common  socage.  All  the  lands  are  created 
into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  IVilsonsforte^  with 
the  usual  privileges  and  powers  ;  two  fairs  at  the  quarter 
land  of  Convoigh,  on  the  6th  of  May  and  1 5th  of  October. 

(187).  Corlackin. — This  proportion  is  not  mentioned 
specially  in  any  printed  inquisition  as  passing  from  the 
possession  of  Sir  Thomas  Cornwall  into  that  of  Robert 
Davis,  nor  are  we  told  anything  of  the  latter,  or  of  his 
brother,  Thomas  Davis.  There  arc  a  few  references  to 
the  estate,  which  lead  to  the  conclusion  that  several 
Irish  tenants    were    permitted  to    occupy  considerable 


Quantities  of  its  lands ;  and,  cariousW  enongh,  in  one  of 
these  references  it  is  affirmed  that  Robert  Davis  demed 
his  claim  from  the  Crown,  and  not  by  purchase  from  the 
first  patentee.  Sir  Thomas  Cornwall  ** Shane  CyDorhirtie^ 
a  meere  Irishman,"  it  is  stated,  "held  by  demue  and 
graunte  from  George  Newton,  assignee  unto  one  Robeit 
Davis,  one  tryan  [the  third  part  of  a  quarter]  of  the 
quarter  of  Corlackey,  passed  by  letters  patents  unto  the 
foresaid  Mr.  Davis,  his  heirs  and  ossisncs,  as  an  undei^ 
taker  in  the  province  of  Ulster,  and  he  [ Shane  O'Dogbertie] 
is  to  enjoy  the  same  imtill  All  Saints  next,  and  paies  per 
an.  20J.  sterlinge.  Tirlagh  ballagk  AIcNulty,  a  meat 
Irishman,  held  by  demise  and  graunte,  from  said  Geocge 
Newton,  the  tryan  of  land  called  Alt  \_  \  and  is 

to  enjoy  the  same  untill  All  Saints  next,  and  paies  per  aiL 
dox.  Owen  Ballagh  O'Qalehor  held  by  demise  and  gnuute 
from  Peter  Payne,  assignee  unto  the  said  Mr.  Davis,  the 
tryan  of  Cashell,  and  same  paies  per  an.  2Qf.  steilii^ 
Bryan  O'Carrulane^  a  meere  Irishman,  held  by  denize 
and  graunt  from  said  Peter  Payne,  assignee  as  albieaudi 
the  trvan  of  [Lure  ?],  and  same  ^ies  per  an.  aoiff.  tfer 
linge.  '  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Don^al,  (17)  Car.  L  ; 
see  also  (14)  Car.  I.)  On  the  i6th  of  December,  i6j0k  t 
re-grant  was  made  to  Robert  Davis,  of  the  great  propor- 
tion of  Corlackie,  containing  2,000  acres,  in  the  precact 
of  Liffer,  barony  of  Rai^oe.  The  lands  were  heia  in  free 
and  common  socage.  The  premises  created  into  a  miM 
to  be  called  the  manor  of^  CorlackU^  with  the  osaal  pri- 
vileges and  powers,  and  subject  to  th«  nnial  condiriiTftF 


PYNNARS   SURVEY. 


517 


are  able  to  make  54  men  armed, 
and  dwell  together  in  Villages,  some 
consisting  of  1 2  Houses,  others  less. 


2  having  40  acres  le  piece. 
4  having  30  acres  le  piece. 
4  having  20  acres  le  piece. 

1  having  25  acres. 

2  having  16  acres  le  piece. 
4  having  1 1  acres  le  piece. 

XCVI.  1,000  Acres. 
Captain  Mansfield  (188)  hath  1,000  acres  called  KilUneguirdon,  Upon  this  Proportion  the 
Uawne  is  finished,  and 'a  good  Stone  House  three  Stories  high  is  ready  to  be  slated,  himself  with  his 
Family  there  dwelling  ;  and  near  to  this  place  he  hath  made  a  Village,  consisting  of  9  Houses,  and 
standing  on  a  Passage  very  commodious  for  the  King's  service,  and  the  good  of  the  country.  I 
find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
I  having  260  acres. 
I  having  200  acres. 


(188).  Mansjkhi. — See  p.  272.  In  1611,  this  under- 
taker had  more  than  one  dispute  on  his  hands, 
his  antagonists  being  Sir  John  Davys  and  Captain 
Russell,  both  neighbouring  planters.  The  land  was 
tlie  cause  of  their  controversies,  and  Carew  endeavours 
to  explain  the  circumstances,  though  not  very  inteUigibly, 
;is  follows: — *'i.  Killnaguerdan,  containing  one  quarter 
belonging  to  Captain  Mansfield,  of  which  there  are 
ICO  sessocks  [sessiaghes]  held  by  the  Bishop  of  Deny, 
—as  is  said  in  the  country, — for  two  sessochs  given  in 
exchange  by  a  former  bishop  to  the  then  lord  of  that 
l>arony,  to  build  Castlertnn  upon.  The  said  Captain 
Mansfield  desires  that  he  may  have  two  sessocks,  or 
the  two  sessocks  whereon  Castlefinn  stands.  This  is  found 
by  the  surveys  [of  1608  and  1609],  to  be  a  quarter,  and 
must  be  so  accepted  by  the  patentee,  which  may  be 
further  examined  by  the  commissioners.  2.  Muckall, 
containing  one  quarter,  now  occupied  by  Sir  John  Davys, 
who  says  it  is  granted  to  him  by  his  letters  patent  of  a 
great  proportion  in  the  county  of  Tirone.  I  find  no  men- 
tion of  this  in  Sir  John  Davy  s  differences,  and,  therefore, 
I  think  Captain  Mansfield  doth  but  fear  reports.  3.  Car- 
ricknebanna  Con,  one  quarter  challenged  and  occupied 
by  Captain  Russell,  alleging  he  had  it  granted  unto  him 
by  the  name  of  Carricknemanno,  and  that  it  is  so  called 
by  the  country,  notwithstanding  that  Captain  Mansfield 
hatli  a  non  obstante  in  his  patent  for  misnaming  and  mis- 
recital,  and  that  the  said  ])atent  was  passed  before  Captain 
Russell's,  and  that  the  said  land  joins  on  other  of  Captain 
Mansfield's.  Captain  Mansfield  is  the  first  patentee,  and 
must  hold  possession  ;  and  if  upon  examination,  to  be 
taken  by  Sir  Richard  Hansard  and  some  other  neighbour 
to  be  trusted  and  authorised  by  you,  it  may  appear  that 
Captain  Russell  hath  no  other  (quarter  by  or  near  that 
name,  then,  if  he  want  so  much,  you  may  be  pleased  to 
abate  him  so  much  rent,  so  as  the  King  shall  be  at  no 
loss,  being  paid  for  but  one  quarter  if  there  be  more.  4. 
Loughtecarrolan,  containing  one  quarter,  whereof  Captain 


Russell  has  possessed  himself  of  six  sessocks,  alleging  he 
has  a  quarter  called  Mullenefenry  ;  of  which  six  ses^cks 
four  carried  that  name,  but  it  is  to  be  proved  by  the 
country  that  they  are  parcel  of  this  quarter  of  Loughte- 
carrolan, belonging  to  Captain  Mansfield.  Loughtecar- 
rolan is  found  to  be  one  quarter,  and  so  passed  to  Captain 
Mansfield  ;  and  Mullafenry  another  quarter,  and  so  passed 
to  Captain  Russell ;  and  lie  not  near  one  another ;  and, 
therefore,  each  must  hold  their  several  quarters  without 
being  encumbered  with  the  Irish  rumours  blown  up  on 
purpose  to  kindle  contention ;  and  indeed  Russell  seems 
to  cavil,  for  he  challenges  Mullfenry  where  his  quarter's 
name  is  Mullafmry^  which  I  doubt  not  he  has  besides, 
for  I  hear  his  proportion  is  very  great."  We  have  no  in- 
formation of  this  undertaker  jn  the  printed  inquisitions,  orof 
his  proportion,  beyond  the  facts  that  he  [Ralph  Mansfield] 
diecl  on  the  loth  of  November,  1634,  and  was  succeeded 
by  his  son  and  heir,  John  Mansfield,  who  was  of  age  at 
the  time  of  his  father  s  death,  and  married.  At  that  time 
the  name  Killemguirdon,  as  used  by  Pynnar,  had  been 
transformed  into  Killynaynerdan.  {Inquisitions  oj  Ulster^ 
Donegal,  Car.  I.)  On  the  15th  July,  1631,  a  grant  was 
made  to  Mansfield,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  forever,  of  the 
small  proportion  of  Kilnaguerdan,  in  the  precinct  of 
Liffer,  barony  of  Raphoe.  To  be  held  in  free  and  common 
socage.  The  lands  are  created  into  a  manor,  to  be  called 
the  manor  of  Killna^erdan  ;  with  the  usual  powers  and 
privileges  ;  and  subject  to  the  usual  conditions.  This 
estate  [now  Killygordon]  lies  in  the  vale  of  the  Finn,  be- 
tween Stranorlar  and  Strabane.  The  present  village  of 
Killygordon  is  about  three  miles  eastward  from  the  former 
place.  Francis  Mansfield,  Esq.,  of  Ardrummon  House, 
is  the  present  representative  of  the  first  patentee,  and  is  in 
possession  of  the  original  patent  from  James  L  to  Captain 
Mansfield.  The  present  owner  is  descended  maternally 
from  the  noble  house  of  Montgomery  of  Eglinton.  See 
Lodge's  Peerage^  I754»  vol.  i.,  p.  367  ;  vol.  iu,  pp.  lO, 
197. 


5i8 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


In  Toto,  1 8  Families  dwelling  on 
the  Land,  being  able  to  make,  with 
their  Undertenants,  46  Men  with 
Arms ;  and  nine  of  the  principal!  of 
these  have  taken  the  Oath  of  Supre- 
macy. 


Lessees  for  years,  16,  viz., 
3  having  140  acres  jointly. 
I  having  220  acres. 
I  having  120  acres. 

1  having  124  acres. 

2  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

3  having  62  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  40  acres  le  piece. 

1  having  6  acres. 

2  having  10  acres  le  piece. 

XCVIL  1,500  Acres. 
Captain  Russell  (189)  was  first  Patentee.  Sir  John  Kingsmill^  Knight^  hath  1,500  acres 
called  Acarine  (190).  Upon  this  proportion  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone  100  feet 
square,  with  two  Flankers,  the  which  are  two  Stories  high,  with  good  Lodgings  in  them,  and  a 
very  strong  stone  House  three  stories  high  ;  himself  with  his  Wife  and  Family  dwelling  therein  (191). 
Near  to  the  Bawne  is  built  a  Village  consisting  of  30  Houses,  being  all  inhabited  with  English 
Families.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  oi  Brinish  Birth, 

Freeholders,  5,  viz., 
I  having  200  acres. 
I  having  120  acres. 

1  having  no  acres.  In  toto,   13  Families  who  ha\-e 

2  having  100  acres  le  piece  (192).  divers  Undertenants,  and  do  make 


(189).  Captain  Russell.— ^t^  pp.  272,  468.  Whilst 
Russell  held  these  lands  he  had  a  litigation  with  George 
Montgomery,  as  Bishop  of  Derry,  the  cause  of  which  is 
explained  by  Carew,  in  161 1,  as  follows  : — **  Between  the 
Bishop  of  Derry  and  Captain  Russell  for  Castlefmn.  The 
surveyor  must  be  spoken  to  withal,  before  anything  bo. 
concluded  therein.  The  piece  whereon  this  [the  castle] 
stands  was  formerly  church  lands  ;  and  it  now  appears 
that  Sir  William  Barnes,  by  whom  CajJtain  Russell  claims, 
has  his  full  proportion  besides,  ami  supposes  the  castle  to 
stand  on  a  piece  of  his  land,  which  it  does  not,  as  I  am 
informed  ;  so  the  castle  being  not  granted  to  the  bishop 
I  think  it  is  to  l)e  disposed  of  by  the  Kin^.'* 

(190).  Acarine.  —  Russell  sold  this  middle  proportion 
to  Sir  John  Kingsmill,  on  the  3rd  of  July,  16 —  ;  and  on 
the  1st  of  June,  1614,  the  latter  dis|K)seilof  a  largequantity 
of  the  lands  of  Acharyn  or  Acarnine  to  William  Wilson. 
Sir  John  Kingsmill  at  the  time  of  these  several  trans- 
actions, was  styled  of  Castlefynne,  county  of  Doneg.il. 
Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Donegal,  (ii)  Car.  I. 

191.  Dwelling  therein. — In  1630,  these  buildings  were 
described  as  consisting  of  a  castle  or  stone  house,  4$  feet 
in  length,  36  feet  wide,  and  32^  feet  in  height ;  another 
house  adjoining  the  castle  50  feet  in  length,  17  feet  wide, 
and  15  feet  in  height  ;  and  a  bawn,  the  walls  of  which 
were  12  feet  high  and  276  feet  in  circumference,  with 
flankers  each  13  feet  square,  and  12  high.     IbiJ. 


192.  Le  piece. — The  only  tenants  mentioned  as  occupy- 
ing lands  on  KingsmiU's  part  of  Acharyn,  in  1636,  «cre 
Sir  John  Vaughan  and  Thomas  Perkins,  Esq.,  who  held 
between  them  the  quarter  called  Monyn.     The  landlonfs 
estate  was  then  known  as  the  manor  of  Acharin  and 
Manister,  because  it  comprehended  lands  originally  par- 
cels in  both  these  proportions.     Sir  John  also  let  lands 
on  his  property  to  a  few  Irish  tenants,  the  chief  of  whom 
were  herrall  McDonnell  and  Neal  McDonnell  Ct  Gallogker. 
Soon  after  William    Wilson   purchased  a   fragment  (rf 
Acharyn  from   Sir  John  Kingsmill,  he  [Wilson]  kc  the 
quarters  of  Cavanonagh  and  MullaneyfeDey  to  NM^k  Oge 
McArte  O^  Gallagher,  as  a  yeariy  tenant ;  and  the  Vs  P*'^ 
of  the  quarter  of  Agharin  to  Edward  Oge  McFergmamdem 
a Gallogher  9iA  hugh  McCormcuk.    {ibid,)  On  the  iSlh 
of  May,  163 1,  a  re-grant  was  made  to  Sir  John  RingBaiU 
on  the  new  conditions,  viz.,  of  paying  donUe  rent  awl  a 
fine  of  30/.  for  every  1,000  acres.    This  re-grant  coufeycd 
to  him   1, 198  acres,  and  568  acres,  in  the  prednct  of 
Liffer,  barony  of  Raphoe ;  to  be  held  in  free  and  cooumb 
socage.     The  lands  are  created  into  a  manor,  lo  be  called 
the  manor  of  Castlefyn,  with  the  usual  manorial  JpoiKn 
and   privileges,   and    subject  to  the  usual  conditioni  of 
plantation.     A  market  every  Mondi^,  and  two  fiuis  11 
Castlefyn,   one  on  Tuesday  and  Wednesday  after  the 
feast  of  Pentecost,  and  the  other  00  St.  Martm's  Da^t  i> 
winter,  to  continue  two  days. 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


519 


the   Number  of    36    Men   armed, 
being  all  resident  on  the  Land. 


Lessees  for  three  Lives,  5,  viz., 

1  having  400  acres. 
4  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  3,  viz., 

2  having  40  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  10  acres. 

XCVIIL     2,000  Acres. 
Sir  Robert   Remington  the   first  Patentee.      Sir  Ralph   Bingley  hath    2,000   acres,   called 
Tonafocies  (193).     Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  built  a  strong  Castle,  with  four  large  Towers; 


(193).  Tonafocies. — This  proportion,  originally  granted 
to  Sir  Robert  Remyngton  (see  p.  273),  and  called  Taith 
naforis  in  the  survey,  is  not  mentioned  specially  in  any 

Erinted  inquisition,  except  as  being  extensively  occupied 
y  Irish  tenants  in  1630,  and  previously.  Pynnar  repre- 
sents plantation  affairs  as  in  a  prosperous  condition  in 
1620,  over  this  property,  but  says  nothing  of  Irish  tenants; 
whereas,  the  inquisitions  of  1631  and  1632  make  mention 
of  the  latter,  but  say  nothing  in  reference  to  British  sett- 
lers thereon.  In  the  interval,  Sir  Ralph  Bingley  died, 
and  his  lady  had  re-married  with  a  Robert  Harrington, 
Esq.  An  inquisition  held  at  Lifford,  on  the  19th  of 
April,  1 63 1,  found  that  "the  trian  of  lands  of  Cashelni- 
gore,  lyinge  within  the  great  proportion  of  Tawnaforis,  in 
the  precinct  of  Liffer,  by  letters  pattent  passed  to  Robert 
Harington,  Esq.,  and  dame  Anne  Bingley  his  wife,  was 
heretofore  granted  to  Edward  Carter  deceased,  and  part 
thereof  is  possessed  by  meere  Irish  (by  the  permission  or 
licence  of  Owny  [Una]  Carter,  wydow,  late  the  wife  of 
the  said  Edward),  whoe  doe  plowe  and  grease  [graze] 
thereon,  and  are  to  hold  the  same  till  the  feast  day  of  All 
Saints  next  [Nov.  i].  The  same  parte  soe  by  them  pos- 
sessed, is  now  worthe  to  be  lett  per  an.  40J.  sterl.  The 
%.  of  the  lower  tryan  of  Creggan  is  possessed  by  Edmund 
duffe  O'Linchy,  whoe  ploweth,  pastureth,  and  graseth 
the  same,  and  soe  is  to  doe  till  the  feast  day  aforesaid  ; 
the  same  is  worth  40J.  per  an.  The  half  tryan  of  Drom- 
boe,  being  parcell  of  the  lowerhalf  of  the  tryan  of  Creggan, 
is  possessed  by  Hugh  Oge  O'Devir  and  his  tenants,  being 
meere  Irishmen,  whoe  ploweth,  graseth,  and  pastureth 
thereon,  and  soe  is  to  doe  till  the  feast  day  aforesaid,  yet 
without  any  allowance  [permission]  of  the  said  Robert 
Harington  or  Dame  Anne  his  wife,  the  same  is  worthe 
4/.  sterl.  per  an.  The  ^  part  of  the  lower  tryan  of 
Dromboe,  parcell  of  the  said  quarter  of  Cr^gan,  is  pos- 
sessed by  Owyn  M odder  McConneil,  and  other  meere 
Irish  tenants,  whoe  plowe,  pasture,  and  grase  the  same, 
as  aforesaid ;  the  same  is  worthe  per  an.  20s,  sterl.  Four 
balliboes  of  the  quarter  of  Callan  are  possessed  by 
Donndl  O'Dezyr^  a  meere  Irishman,  and  his  tenants, 
whoe  plowe,  pasture  and  grase  thereon;  the  same  is 
worthe  per  an.  4/.  sterlinge."  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster, 
Donegal,  (14)  Car.  I).  In  another  inquisition  we  have 
the  following  notices  relating  to  the  Insh  occupancy  of 
lands  in  the  proportion  of  Tawnaghforis : — **  Donmll 
O'Diiyn  [or  O  Devyr,  see  preceding  paragraph],  a  meere 
Irishman,  held  by  demise  and  graunt  from  the  assignee 
[Owny  Carter]  of  the  said  Mr.  Harrington,  4  balliboes  of 


the  quarter  of  Callan,  lyinge  in  the  proportion  of  Tawna- 
foris, ever  since  the  date  of  the  letters  pattents  passed 
imto  the  said  Mr.  Harrington,  of  the  said  proportion, 
untill  May  last,  and  hath  corne  nowe  growinge  upon  the 
same,  and  paies  per  an.  4/.  sterling.  Hugh  Mergagh 
G' Donnelly  a  meere  Irishman,  and  his  Irish  under- 
tenants, did  hould  by  demise  and  graunt  from  Lieut. 
John  Dutten  [or  Dutton],  deceased,  assignee  imto 
Sir  Ralph  Bingley,  deceased,  and  now  held  by  demise 
from  Edward  Torleton,  Esq.,  assignee  unto  Robert 
Harrington,  Esq.,  in  ryght  of  nis  wife,  the  %  quarter  of 
Capragh,  called  Monachan,  ever  since  the  foresaid  letters 
patents  untill  May  last,  and  hath  come  nowe  growinge 
upon  the  same,  which  said  %,  quarter  is  worthe  and  paies 
per  an.  3/.  loj.  sterl.  Bryan  O^Dondl,  a  meere  Irish- 
man, held  one  tryan  of  the  quarter  of  Creg^n,  by  demise 
and  graunt  from  Thomas  Ewartt,  and  same  paies  per  an. 
20J.  Toole  boy  (XDonell^  a  meere  Irishman,  held  by 
demise  and  graunt  from  Robert  Harrington,  Eso.,  %  a 
tryan  of  the  quarter  of  Cashellnegoer,  ever  since  tne  date 
of  the  foresaid  letters  pattents  untill  May  last,  and  en- 
joyeth  the  same  as  yet,  and  paies  per  an.  loj.  sterling." 
All  these  lands  were  let  to  the  Irish  over  and  above  the 
one  fourth  part  of  this  estate  allotted,  as  in  all  other  cases, 
for  natives;  and  because  of  this  violation  of  the  terms  in 
the  original  patent  from  the  Crown,  not  only  the  lands 
thus  let,  but  the  rents  and  profits  that  had  arisen  there- 
from, became  forfeited  to  the  King.  {Inquisitions  of 
Ulster,  Donegal,  (17)  Car.  I).  For  a  list  of  all  the  Irish 
occupants  of  Tawnaforis  in  1630,  see  Inquisitums  of 
Ulster,  Don^,  (12)  Car.  I.  On  the  9th  of  July,  162^ 
there  was  a  grant  of  Tawnaforis,  2,000  acres,  and  Lurga, 
1,000  acres,  in  trust  for  lady  Anne  Binglie,  according  to 
the  instructions  for  re-grants,  viz.,  the  grantee  to  pay  a 
double  rent  and  a  Hne  of  30/.  for  every  1,000  acres. 
The  Trustees  in  this  case  were  John  Earl  of  Bridgewater, 
William  Ravenscroft,  Edward  Orwell,  and  Henry  Skip- 
with.  The  re-grant  conveyed  also  the  advowson  of  the 
rectory  of  Donaghmore,  with  a  free  fishery  in  the  water 
of  LoughswiUy.  To  be  held  in  free  and  common  socage, 
on  the  usual  conditions  of  plantation.  Soon  after  this 
date.  Lady  Bingley  became  Dame  Anne  Harrington, 
wife  of  Robert  Harrington;  and  on  the  12th  of  May, 
1630,  the  lands  of  Tawnaforis  was  granted  to  her  second 
husband  and  herself,  or  the  longer  liver  of  them.  The 
proportion  of  Tawnaforis  to  be  called  the  manor  of 
Orwell, 


520 


THE   PLANTATION   IN   ULSTER. 


it  is  now  three  Stories  high ;  the  Roof  is  framed,  but  all  standeth  at  a  Staie  through  the  controversy 
that  is  between  him  and  Sir  Robert  Remington's  heirs ;  yet  I  found  planted  and  estated  upon  this 
land,  oi  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  4,  viz., 

2  having  200  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  120  acres. 
I  having  67  acres. 

Lessees  for  three  Lives,  6,  viz., 
I  having  300  acres. 

1  having  200  acres. 
4  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  1 1,  viz., 

3  having  360  acres  jointly. 

4  having  100  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  200  acres  jointly. 


In  Toto,  21  Families,  who,  with 
divers  other  Undertenants,  are  able 
to  make  60  Men  with  Anns,  and 
many  of  them  do  dwell  together, 
and  have  taken  the  Oath  of  Supre- 
macy. The  Castle  is  seated  upon 
the  river  of  Finn^  where  is  a  Ford, 
and  the  only  passage  into  the 
Country,  and  in  a  most  principal 
Place  for  the  King's  Service; 


2  having  200  acres  jointly. 

XCIX.  2,000  Acres. 
Sir  Maurice  Bartley  was  the  first  Patentee.  Sir  Ralph  Bingley^  Knight^  hath  a,ooo  acres^ 
called  Drummore  and  Lurgagh  (194).  Upon  this  Proportion  the  Bawne  being  of  Brick, 
and  the  House  of  Stone,  are  now  thoroughly  finished,  and  himself  and  Family  dwelling 
therein  (195).  It  is  well  seated  for  service,  and  within  a  Mile  of  the  Place  he  hath  made  a  Village 
in  which  there  are  six  Houses  and  a  Mill  already  built  j  and  there  is  more  in  building,  in  a  Place 
which  is  a  continual  passage.  I  find  planted  and  estated  on  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Families,  which 
have  taken  the  Oath  of  Supremacy, 

Freeholders,  7,  viz., 
4  having  1 20  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  67  acres. 
I  having  60  acres. 

1  having  200  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  12,  viz., 

2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 
4  having  67  acres  le  piece. 

3  having  100  acres  le  piece. 
3  having  40  acres  le  piece  (196). 


In  Toto,  29  Families,  which,  with 
their  Undertenants,  are  able  to  make 
64  Men  at  Arms. 


(194).  Drummore  and  Lurgagh, — These    two   small 


proportions    were    originally    granted    to    Sir    Maurice 
berJceley  (se 

3  Sir  RaiDi 
gal,  (12)  Car.  I. 


eley  (see  p.  273),  and  some  time  afterwards  sold  by 
him  to  Sir  Ralph  Bingley.     Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Done- 


(195).  Dwelling  therein, — ^The  chief  buildings  on  these 
two  proportions  combined,  are  described,  in  1630,  as 
consisting  of  a  castle  or  stone  house  54  feet  in  length,  15 


feet  wide,  and  14  feet  in  height ;  with  a  bawot  wbote 
walls  were  8  feet  higfay  and  396  feet  in  ciicmnfefCDce. 
Ihid. 

(196).  Lepiict, — ^It  was  foond  by  t|ie  inqnintiQO  now 
quoted  that  Sir  Maurice  Berkeley  had  planted  on  lus 
lands  certain  British  settlers  named  respectively  Nkk, 
AMunUyn,  Geo.  Cartwngkt,  IViUiam  JH^gM.  JUm 
Sheppard^    RcUrt  TarMnglmi^  AknUUm   C^rsdl  awl 


PYNNAR'S    SURVEY. 


521 


Cottagers,  10,  viz., 
Each  of  these  has  a  House  and  six  acres,  and  Commons 
for  the  greasing  of  a  few  Cows. 

C.     1,500  Acres. 

Sir  Thomas  Coach,  Knight,  hath  1,500  acres,  called  Lismongan  (197).  Upon  this  Proportion 
he  hath  a  Trench  cast  up  with  a  Hedge  upon  it,  invironed  with  a  small  Brook,  in  which  there  is  a 
House  of  Cagework,  wherein  himself  with  his  Lady  and  Family  are  dwelling.  There  is  Brick  and 
Lime,  with  all  other  Materials,  ready  for  the  building  of  a  Bawne  and  a  House.  The  Place  is  very 
convenient  for  the  King's  service,  and  the  good  of  the  Country.  He  hath  six  good  Houses  near 
unto  him  inhabited  with  English  Families,  and  this  had  long  since  been  done,  but  that  he  was 
grievously  troubled  with  sickness.  I  find  planted  and  estated,  of  Brittish  Families  which  took  the 
Oath  of  Supremacy,  ' 

Freeholders,  4,  viz., 
2  having  200  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  200  acres. 
I  having  70  acres. 


Tristran  /'^mer^}%—none  of  whom  had  taken  the  oath  of 
supremacy.  Sir  Maurice  also  let  lands  to  the  Irish  ten- 
ants undernamed,  viz.,  Fanrell  McHugh  O'Gallogher, 
Dowalta  McOwyn  O'Gallaghcr,  Turlagh  boy  O  Gal- 
loghcr,  Owyn  McOwyn  McAdegana  O  Gallagher  and 
Turlagh  mergagh  O'Gallogher.  Afterwards  other  Irish 
tenants  were  introduced  in  the  time  of  Robert  Harrington 
(see  above)  but  it  appears  by  inquisition  that  the  X  of  the 
property  had  been  already  occupied  by  natives,  and  that 
Harrington  had  acted  illegally  in  bringing  in  others.  The 
Irish  thus  regarded  by  the  law  as  superabundant,  or 
rather  as  intruders,  are  noticed,  as  follows: — "The  half 
quarter  of  land  called  Amekillen,  lyinge  within  the  pro- 
portion of  Dromore  and  Lurga,  or  one  of  them,  is  pos- 
sessed by  Dowaltagh  O'Brillagan  and  others,  beinge  all 
mcere  Irishmen,  whoe  doe  plowe,  pasture,  and  grase, 
and  the  same  is  worthe  4/.  sterl.  by  the  yeare.  That  part 
of  the  tr)'an  of  land  called  Clancame,  parccll  of  the 
quarter  of  Castletowrus,  is  possessed  by  Phelomy  McCor- 
mack  and  his  tenants,  beinge  meerc  Irishmen,  whoe  plowe, 
pasture,  and  grase  the  same,  without  the  allowance  of 
the  said  Robert  Harrington  ;  the  same  is  worthe  by  the 
year  3/.  sterl.  More  than  half  2  balliboes  of  the  quarter 
of  Lurga  is  possesse<l  by  Neal  McBryan  and  Morris 
McGilbride,  beinge  meere  Irishmen,  whoe  plowe,  pas- 
ture, and  grase  ;  and  the  same  is  worth  by  the  yeare  3/. 
sterl.  Two  balliboes  of  the  quarter  of  Listellane  were 
heretofore  granted  by  Sir  Ralph  liingley,  Knt.,  deceased, 
to  Lieutenant  Edward  Cartwright  for  a  tearme  whereof 
certain  years  are  yet  to  come  ;  and  the  same  are  pos- 
sessed by  Donnell  O'Harkan  and  others,  beinge  meere 
Irishmen,  whoe  hold  the  same  by  lease  for  four  years ; 
the  same  are  worthe  3/.  sterling."  {Ittquisitions  of  Ulster^ 
Donegal,  (14)  Car.  \.  ;  see  also  (17)  Car.  I.)  The 
Q   2 


two  proportions  above  named  were  granted,  in  1 630, 
to  Lady  Bingley  and  her  second  husband,  Robert  Har- 
rington, Esq.  The  lands  of  these  proportions  were 
erected  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Burleigh, 
with  liberty  of  free  fishing  in  Loughswillie ;  a  market 
and  two  fairs  to  be  held  at  Bally bofey,  one  on  the  feast 
of  St.  Gregory,  and  the  other  on  the  feast  of  St.  Luke. 
(197).  Lismongan, — (See  p.  274).  This  undertaker 
had  a  controversy  with  the  Bishop  of  Raphoc — not  on 
any  doctrinal  questions,  but  on  the  subject  of  debateable 
lands  to  which  they  both  laid  claim.  Carew  mentions 
the  cause  of  contention,  as  follows: — "Between  the 
Bishop  of  Raphoe  and  Sir  Thomas  Coach,  for  Bon- 
any,  containing  one  quarter  [128  acres],  and  the  sixth 
of  the  sixteenth  part  of  the  quarter  of  Crew.  The 
land  is  in  Sir  Thomas's  possession  by  the  deputy's  war- 
rant. The  bishop  has  the  full  quantity  contained  in  his 
patent  besides  this  quarter,  which  I  know,  for  at  London 
we  had  much  debate  about  the  castle  called  Skarfollie, 
standing  upon  this  quarter,  and  also  for  this  quarter.  The 
bishop  was  there  satisfied  to  desist  from  claiming ;  and 
besides  this  lies  in  the  barony  of  Rafoe,  and  the  termon 
of  which  he  now  and  then  supposed  this  to  be  parcel, 
lies  in  Kilmacrenan  ;  so  this  is  to  be  maintained  to  the 
undertaker."  There  is  no  mention  in  any  of  the  inquisi- 
tions, relating  to  the  county  of  Don^al,  of  Sir  Thomas 
Coach  as  being  the  owner  of  a  proportion  called  Lismon- 
gan, It  was  fotmd  by  inquisition  at  Lifford  on  the  7th 
of  October,  1 624,  that  Sir  Thomas  Cootch  was  the  owner 
of  a  middle  proportion  called  Frikeanagh^  that  he  died 
on  the  3rd  of  May,  1620,  and  that  his  son  Henry  suc- 
ceeded him.  His  son  was  12  years  of  age  at  the  time  of 
his  father's  death.  Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Don^al,  (15) 
Jac.  I. 


522 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


In  TotOy   19   Families,   able    ta 
make  56  Men  with  Arms. 


Lessees  for  years,  9,  viz., 
5  havmg  120  acres  le  piece. 

1  having  70  acres. 
3  having  66  acres  le  piece. 

Cottagers,  6,  viz.. 
Each  of  these  has  a  Tenement  and  a  Garden  Plott,  with 
four  acres  and  Commons  for  some  Cattle. 

CI.     1,500  Acres. 
Sir  William  Bams  was  first  Patentee.      Sir  John  Kingsfmll,   Knight^  and   Mr.     IViium 
have  1,500  acres,  called  Monester  (198).     Upon  this  Proportion  the  Bawne  and  House  are  strongly 
finished ;  divers  other  Houses  built  near  unto  the  Bawne,  inhabited  with  En^ish  Families.     I 
find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Nation, 

Freeholders,  6,  viz., 

2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

3  having  100  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  96  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  6,  viz., 

1  having  144  acres. 

2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 
1  having  40  acres  le  piece. 

Cottagers,  5,  viz.. 
Each  having  a  House  and  Garden  Plott,  with  Commons 
for  four  Cows  and  other  Cattle. 


In  Toto,  17  Families,  who,  with 
their  Undertenants,  are  able  to 
make  46  men  with  Arms;  and  11 
of  these  have  taken  the  Oath  of 
Supremacy. 


The  Precinct  oi  Killmacrenan  (199),  allotted  to  Servitors  and  Natives. 

["  Precinct  of  Kilmacrennan  [including  Doe  and  Fawnett].  Captain  William  Stewart  has  built 
upon  the  proportion  of  1,000  acres  allotted  him  as  a  servitor,  a  fort  or  bawn  of  lime  and  stone, 
with  two  flankers.  Under  one  is  a  room  either  for  a  munition  house  or  a  prison,  and  upon  that  a 
court  of  guard,  and  above  that  an  open  *feight,'  and  in  the  outmost  part  thereof  a  centind  house, 
one  curtain  16  foot  high,  and  two  others  12  foot  high,  and  the  other  8  foot  high,  whereupon  he 
intends  to  erect  a  stone  house.     Has  built  three  houses  English  fashion,  and  is  in  hand  for  mcnt. 


(198).  Called  Monester. — The  survey  has  this  name 
Manister,  and  defines  it  as  comprising  Camonen,  one 
quarter ;  Argirie,  one  quarter ;  Monyn,  one  quarter ; 
Manister,  ^  quarter  ;  Ballyarrall,  one  quarter ;  Levally- 
caslane,  ^  quarter  ;  Magherrereagh,  one  quarter  ;  Drom- 
banc,  one  quarter  ;  and  s/w  parts  of  the  quarter  of  Alta- 
eilla.  Sir  Wm.  Barnes  sold  this  proportion  in  part  to 
William  Wilson,  and  partly  to  Sir  John  Kingsmill.  The 
estate  of  the  latter  was  known  as  the  manor  of  Achyrin 
and  Manister.  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster ^  Donegal,  (il) 
Car.   I.  ;  see  also  p.  272).     The  lands  of  Achyrin,  or 


Acharine,    and   Manister  were  purchaied    by  WiUiiai 
Wilson,  and  included  in  the  manor  of  WUsmufmrSt^ 

(199).  Killmacrenan, — As  already  olwc  i  ? td,tlic  bioakt 
to  which  natives,  who  had  got  portions  of  bad.  were 
compelled  to  retire,  had  few  or  no  attractioiis  of  toil. 
however  \  picturesque  they  may  have  appeared.  In  this 
respect  Kilmacrennan  was  no  eaoeptioii  to  the  fencnl 
rule,  for  with  the  exception  of  a  little  patdi  ol  food  tofl 
on  the  shores  of  Loap;n  SwiUy,  the  whole  TCffaa 
of  mountains  and  muiriands. 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


523 


which  will  serve  for  tenants.  The  rest  of  the  servitors  have  done  nothing  by  reason  of  the 
wildness  of  the  land,  being  the  worst  in  all  the  country,  insomuch  that  the  natives  are  unwilling  to 
come  to  dwell  upon  it  until  they  be  forced  to  remove.  Servitors  are  providing  materials,  and 
purpose  to  perform  their  covenants  by  the  time  prescribed.  Tyrlagh  O'Boyle,  with  tenants  and 
followers,  removed  to  the  proportion  assigned  unto  him  in  the  said  barony.  McSwyne  Bannagh 
will  remove  to  his  proportion,  but  in  the  mean  time  he  and  his  followers  have  bought  grazing  of 
Alexander  Kernes,  general  agent  for  the  Scottish  undertakers  in  the  precinct  of  Boylagh  and 
Bannagh.  Said  natives  have  performed  no  works,  but  are  providing  materials;  none  others 
removed  to  portions  assigned."     C3.Tew^s\Reporf  in  161 1]. 

CI  I.  1,000  Acres. 
Captain  Craiford  was  the  first  Patentee.  Sir  George  Marburie  (200)  hath  1,000  acres, 
called  Letterkenny.  Upon  this  there  is  built  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  60  feet  square,  with 
two  Flankers  12  feet  high,  and  standeth  waste.  Near  adjoining  to  this  Bawne  there  is  built  a 
Township,  wherein  there  is  40  Houses,  wherein  he  dwelleth,  and  all  these  Houses  are  inhabited 
with  Brittish  Tenants,  being  able  to  make  50  Men.  It  is  a  great  Market  Town,  and  standeth 
very  well  for  the  King's  service. 

cm.     1,000  Acres. 
Sir  John  Kingsmill^  Knt,  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Ballymally  (201).     Here  is  a  Bawne  built 
of  Stone  and  Clay,  and  standeth  waste,  and  not  one  English  Man  on  the  Land. 

CIV.  1,000  Acres. 
Sir  William  Stezvart,  Knt.^  hath  1,000  acres  called  Gortavaghie  (202).  Here  is  a  Bawne 
of  Stone  and  Clay,  roughcast  over  with  Lime,  80  feet  long,  70  feet  broad,  and  14  feet  high  ;  a  good 
Stone  House  within  it,  which  is  inhabited  with  a  Scottish  Gentleman  and  his  Family.  He  hath 
3  Brittish  Families  upon  the  Land,  which  do  use  Tillage  and  Husbandry,  being  able  to  make  20 
Men  with  arms. 

CV.     1,000  Acres. 
Sir  Basill  Brooke,  Knt.,  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Edonecarne  (203).     Upon  this  there  is  a 


(200).  Sir  George  Marburie. — This  knight's  surname  is 
written  Malbcrry  and  Afalburye  in  the  inquisitions.  The 
proportion  originally  named  by  the  survey  Ballyrean  and 
Letterkenny,  was  granted  to  Captain  Patrick  Crawford, 
who  was  slain  at  the  siege  of  the  castle  of  Dunyveg,  in 
Isla,  on  the  30th  of  November,  1616.  Crawford  s  widow 
married  Sir  George  Marburie,  or  Malbury,  the  latter 
soon  afterwards  obtaining  a  patent  for  the  estate  of  Letter- 
kenny in  right  of  his  wife.  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Done- 
g»'^l»  (15)  Jac.  I.)  Malbury  is  mentioned  as  one  of  Sir 
Richard  Hansard's  executors.  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^ 
Donegal,  (3)  Car.  I. 

(201).  Ballymally. — This  name  was  oftener  written 
Ballyvolleyy  and  the  proportion  was  eventually  known  as 
the  manor  of  Kingstowne.  It  comprised  the  towns  and 
lands  of  Ballyvolley,  Broghrill,  Gortnavara,  Archimore, 


Letteragh,  %  of  Castleshanaghan,  Igheros,  Glistran,  and 
Arrybegg,  with  privilege  of  fishing  in  Loughswilly.  Sir 
John  King^mill  died  on  the  17th  of  June,  1644  \  ^^'^  ^'*^>s 
succeeded  in  the  estates  by  John  Kmgsmill,  his  nephew, 
Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Donegal,  (6)  Car.  II, 

(202).  Gofiavaghu.  — For  an  account  of  this  Sir  William 
Stewart  and  his  several  grants,  as  an  undertaker  of  lands, 
sec  pp.  322,  323. 

(203).  Edonecarne.  —  See  p.  324.  The  owner  of 
this  proportion  is  styled  simply  Basil  Brookes,  late  of 
Don^all,  in  an  inquisition  held  at  Lifford  in  April,  1640. 
He  died  on  the  25tn  of  July,  1633,  and  was  succeeded  in 
the  estate  by  his  son  Henry,  who  was  of  age,  and  mar- 
ried, at  the  time  of  his  father's  death.  Inquisitions  of 
Ulster,  Donegal,  (29)  Car.  I. 


524 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Bawnc  of  Lime  and  Stone,  and  in  it  a  House  in  building,  in  the  which  there  dwelleth  an  Engiish 
Man. 

CVI.     I, GOO  Acres. 
Sir  Thomas  Chichester ^  hath  i,ooo  acres,  called  RadonnelL     Upon  this  there  was  a  Bawne 
built  of  Clay  and  Straw,  with  some  Stone  among  it,  but  now  it  is  fallen  down  and  lycth  waste  (204). 

CVII.     1,000  Acres. 

Sir  John  Vaughan  was  first  Patentee.  John  IVray,  Esq,y  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Came- 
^/7/(205).  Upon  this  there  is  a  good  strong  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  40  feet  long,  with  four 
Flankers,  in  which  there  is  good  Lodgings,  being  two  Stories  high ;  also  a  Stone  House  of  the 
length  of  the  Bawne,  being  two  Stories  high  ;  this  is  inhabited  with  an  Engiish  Gentleman  and 
his  Family,  who  hath  some  English  tenants  under  him,  and  this  standeth  in  a  good  place  for  the 
King's  service. 

CVIII.     1,000  Acres. 

Arthur  Terrie  hath  1,000  acres  called  Moyris  (206).  Upon  this  there  is  a  good  Bawne  of 
Lime  and  Stone,  with  two  Flankers,  and  a  good  House  in  it,  being  inhabited  with  an  En^ish 
Gentleman,  his  Wife  and  Family.  He  hath  six  English  Families  besides,  the  which  in  all  are 
able  to  make  10  men  armed. 

CIX.     1,000  Acres 

Captain  Henry  Harte  hath  1,000  acres  called  Ballynas  (207),  and  256  acres  of  Concealments. 
Upon  this  there  is  a  Stone  Fort  and  House  in  it,  all  of  Lime  and  Stone,  in  which  there  is  an 
English  Family. 

ex.     1,000  Acres. 

Sir  Richard  Hansard  was  first  Patentee.  Sir  William  Stetvart^  Knt,^  hath  1,000  acres 
called  Ramalton  (208).  Upon  this  there  is  built  a  large  and  strong  Bawne,  80  feet  square, 
16    feet    high,   with    four  Flankers,   and  a    fair,   strong  Castle  of    the  same  Materials,  being 


(204).  Lyeth  waste, — Sir  Thomas  Chichester  was  brother 
of  Sir  Arthur,  and  in  addition  to  this  proportion  of  Radon- 
ncll,  he  held  a  considerable  estate  in  Inishowen  under 
the  latter.  Sir  Thomas  Chichester's  residence  in  Inish- 
owen was  Birte  or  Burt  castle,  which  had  previously 
l)ecn  the  principal  abotlc  of  Sir  Cahfr  O'Doghcrty.  In 
it  Sir  Thomas  Chichester  died,  on  the  20th  of  August, 
16 1 6,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son  Charles,  who  was  of 
age,  and  unmarried,  at  the  time  of  his  father's  death.  In- 
quisitions  of  Ulster^  Donegal,  (il)  Jac.  I.  ;  (15)  Car.  I. 

(205).  Cantegill. — This  proportion  is  called  Coma- 
gelly  in  the  survey,  and  originally  owned  by  Sir  John 
Vaughan,  who  sold  it  to  John  Wraye.  The  latter  died 
On  the  25th  March  (which  was  New  Year's  Day),  1620, 
and  was  succeeded  by  his  son  Ilcnry  Wraye,  then  in  the 
14th  year  of  his  age.  Inquisitions  of  Ulster ^  Donegal, 
(15)  Jac.  I. 

(206).  Moyris. — There  is  no  mention  of  this  proportion 
under  this  name  in  any  printed  inquisition.  Arthur 
Tiny,  who  appears  to  have  been  a  partner  of  Peter  Ben- 


son in  the  purchase  of  Sir  Henry  Clare's  proportion  (1 
p.  271),  is  styled  "of  the  parish  of  St.  Olave.  Southwark, 
county  of  Surrey,  rw/Vr."  {Inquisitions  of  Ulsitr^iyx^ 
gal,  (10)  Car.  I.)  Proliably  Moyris  was  the  anaiter  of 
Moriss  afterwards  held  by  Patrick  Campbell  of  Ifaefaeiy- 
hubber,  who  died  in  1661,  and  who  may  hare  porchascd 
from  Tirry.     Sec  (9)  Car.  II. 

(207).  Baliynas, — Henry  Harte  is  styled  of  Mnfle,  in 
an  inquisition  taken  at  Lifford  on  the  29th  of  June,  1661. 
He  is  stated  also  therein  to  have  told  to  Wybvaat 
Olpharts  or  Olphert,  for  the  sum  of  300^.  the  sevcnl 
quarters  of  land  called  Inishbofin,  Magfaeryroatngh,  Bal- 
lenas,  Balleconnell,  Drumnelumny,  Ardbegy.  Ardmore, 
and  Gortecarke,  in  the  barony  of  Kilmacrenan.  /rnqmst" 
tions  of  Ulster^  Donegal,  (2)  and  (4)  Car.  II. 

(208).  Ramalton, — See  p.  324.  There  is  no  mention 
in  the  printed  inquisitions  relating  to  the  coanhr  of  Done- 
gal of  the  transfer  of  this  proportion  from  Hansard  to 
Stewart.  The  latter  had  at  least  half  a  doaen  propurtioH 
in  his  possession. 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


525 


three  Stories  high.  He  hath  made  a  large  Town  consisting  of  45  Houses,  in  which  there  are  57. 
families  all  British,  some  of  which  have  estates  for  years.  He  hath  also  begun  a  Church  of  Lime 
and  Stone,  which  is  built  to  the  setting  on  of  the  Roofe.  There  is  also  a  Water-Mill  for  Corn : 
This  is  a  Market  Town,  and  standeth  very  well  for  the  good  of  the  Country,  and  the  King's 
Service. 

CXI.     1,000  Acres. 
Sir  John  Vaughan,  KnL,  hath  1,000  acres  (209).     Upon  this  there  is  built  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and 
Stone,  60  feet  square,  1 2  feet  high,  with  four  Flankers ;  within  the  same  there  is  a  Stone  House 
inhabited  with  an  English  Gentleman  and  his  Family. 

CXIL     1,000  Acres. 
Captain  Paul  Gore  (210)  hath  1,000  acres.     Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Lime 
and  Stone  60  feet  square,  with  two  Flankers,  1 2  feet  high,  and  a  Timber  Cagework  within  it,  which 
is  inhabited  with  an  English  Gentleman  and  his  Family. 

CXHL     172  Acres. 
Lieutenant  Perkins  hath  but   172  acres  called  Packer.     He  never  had  more  ;  therefore  is  not 
bound  to  build  (211). 

CXIV.     400  Acres. 
Lieutenant  Ellis  was  first  Patentee.     Nathaniel  Rowley  (212)  hath  400  acres,  called  Loughs 
nemuck ;  but  upon  this  there  is  nothing  built. 

CXV.     528  Acres. 
Lieutenant  Browne.     Nathaniel  Rowley  hath  528  acres,  called  Cranrasse,  and  upon  this  there 
is  nothing  built  (213). 

CXVI.     108  Acres. 
Lieutenant  Gale  (214).      William  Lynn  (215)  hath  108  acres  called  Caroreagh,  and  240  acres 


(209).  1,000  acres. — The  only  lands  mentioned  in 
the  printed  inquisitions  as  held  by  Sir  John  Vaughan  were 
portions  on  the  estates  of  Sir  John  Kingsmill  and  Sir 
Arthur  Chichester.     See  (ii)  Jac.  I.,  and  (ii)  Car.  I. 

(210).  Pntii  Gore. — See  p.  335.  His  residence,  not 
named  by  Pynnar,  was  Magherybegg,  or  Machrebeg,  and 
his  estate  consisted  of  lands  that  had  belonged  to  an  ancient 
religious  house,  so  called,  in  the  vicinity  of  the  town  of 
Donegal.  His  son,  Ralph  Gore,  died  in  1642,  and  was 
succeeded  by  Wm.  Gore,  son  of  the  latter.  {Inquisitions 
of  Ulster^  Donegal,  (8)  Car.  H.)  On  the  9th  of  January, 
1629,  a  re-grant  was  made  to  Sir  Ralph  Gore,  his  heirs 
and  assigns,  forever,  of  the  lands  of  Dromnenagh,  and 
six  other  quarters  and  a  half  of  land,  containing  960  acres. 
To  be  held  'in  free  and  common  socage ;  on  the  condi- 
tions of  plantation,  and  according  to  the  King's  instruc- 
tions  for  the  renewal  of  the  grants  of  the  undertakers. 

(211).   To  build. — This  small   holding  by  Lieutenant 
Thomas  Perkins  was  part  of  the  quarter  of  Monyn  in 
the  proportion  of  Manister.       Perkins  was  one  of  the 
executors  to  Sir  Richard  Hansard's  will.     Inquisitions  of 
Ulster^  Donegal,  (3)  and  (11)  Car.  I. 

(212.)  Rowley. — Tliere  is  no  mention  of  Nathaniel 
Rowley  in  the  printed  inquisitions  relating  to  Donegal, 


but  Edward  Rowley  is  mentioned  as  a  landowner  in  this 
barony  of  Kilmacrenan.  He  died  in  1 641,  and  b 
styled  as  late  of  Ballymacstoker ;  besides  the  quarter  of 
land  so  called,  he  held  those  of  Crancrosse,  Ball^mac- 
grahie,  Magherinard,  Tannenoghill,  Leggenmacduffe,  two 
parts  of  Feananorsin  and  Turblesing.  His  son  and  heii; 
Sir  John  Rowley,  succeeded,  and  was  27  years  of  age  at 
the  time  of  his  father  s  death.  Inquisitions  of  ulster^ 
Donegal,  (11)  Car.  H. 

(213).  Nothing  built. — See  preceding  note. 

(214).  Lieut,  Gale. — See  p.  326.  Thb  officer  Kejd  the 
quarter  of  .land  called  Downymore  with  the  balliboe  of 
LegetidufTe,  containing  6  acres,  and  reputed  parcel  of  the 
former.  He  died  in  1628,  leaving  two  daughters,  Eliza 
and  Margaret,  the  one  four  years  of  age,  and  the  other 
two  years  of  age,  at  the  time  of  their  father's  death.  In 
1642,  Eliza  was  x8  years  old,  and  had  married  William 
Hamilton  ;  and  her  sister  Margaret  was  then  16  yeart 
old,  and  had  married  Francis  Hamilton.  InqtHnHons 
of  Ulster,  Donegal,  (7)  Car.  II. 

(2x5).  IVilliam  Lynn. — This  settler  is  stated,  in  an  in- 
quisition,  of  1635,  to  be  the  holder  of  240  acres  called 
Largavracke.     He  died  in  1633,  <^<^  ^^  succeeded  bj 


526 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


called  Laurgaurack,  but  upon  both  these  there  is  nothing  built 

CXVIL     500  Acres. 
Sir  Richard  Bingley  was  the  first  Patentee.     Captain  Sanford  hath  500  acres,  called   Ctutle- 
doe  (216).     Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  40  feet  square,  16  feet  high,  and  a 
Castle  within  it  that  is  very  strong ;  himself  and  his  Wife  and  Family  dwelling  therein,  with  four 
other  English  Families  on  the  Land. 

C XVI 1 1.     2,000  Acres. 
Sir  Mulmorie  McSwyne  (217)  hath  2,000  acres,  called  Moynttnellon,     Upon  this  he  hath  buih  a 
Bawne  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  and  a  good  Stone  House,  in  which  he  dwelleth  with  his  Family ;  he 
hath  made  no  estate  to  any  of  his  Tenants  ;  and  doth  plough  after  the  Irish  manner. 

CXIX.     2,000  Acres. 
McSwyne  Banagh  (218)  hath  2,000  acres,  called  Leanagh  and  CorragK     And  he  also  hath 
built  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  and  a  good  Stone  House,  in  which  he  dwelleth  with  his  Family. 
He  hath  made  no  Estate  to  any  of  his  Tenants,  and  doth  plough  after  the  Irish  Manner. 

CXX.     2,000  Acres. 
Tirlagh  Roe  G" Boyle  (219)  hath   2,000  acres,  called  Caroghbleagh  and    Ciomas.      He  hath 
built  a  good  Bawne  and  a  House  of  Lime  and  Stone,  in  which  he,  with  his  Family  dwelleth.     He 
hath  made  no  estates,  and  all  his  Tenants  do  plough  after  the  Irish  Manner. 

CXXL     2,000  Acres. 
Donnell  McSwyne  Fame  (220)  hath  2,000  acres,  called  Roindoberg  and  Caraocomony.     He 


his  nephew,  also  named  William  Lynn,  who  was  eleven 
years  of  age  at  the  time  of  his  uncle's  death.  Inquisitions 
of  Ulster^  Donegal,  (21)  Car.  I. 

(216).  CastUdoe. — See  pp.  66,  326.  The  officer  who 
held  these  lands  is  called  Toby  Stampford  in  1635.  His 
500  acres  adjoining  Doe  castle  were  Kildarrough,  one 
quarter  ;  Ballymore,  one  quarter  ;  and  Cloomnasse,  one 
(Quarter.  He  died  on  the  7th  of  May,  1637,  leaving  five 
sisters  as  co-heiresses  Their  christian  names  were  Joan, 
Anne,  lattice,  Maria,  and  Maudlin  [Magdalen].  Inqui- 
sitions of  Ulster^  Donegal,  (27)  Car.  I. 

(217).  McSwyne. — An  inquisition  taken  at  Rathmullen 
on  the  19th  of  July,  1621,  states  that  on  the  22nd  of 
August  preceding.  Sir  Mulmurry  McSweney,  and  his 
undertenants  were  in  the  tenure,  possession,  and  occu- 
pation of  the  lands  mentioned  in  his  grant  (see  p.  327), 
but  that  the  King  was  then  [i  621]  in  full  possession,  a 
(act  which  implied  some  serious  chance  in  the  condition 
of  Sir  Mulmorie's  affairs.  This  conclusion  is  somewhat 
strengthencil  by  the  fact  that  Captain  Henry  Harte  laid 
claim  to  the  following  parcels  of  this  Irish  chiefs  estate, 
viz.,  the  (juartcrs  called  Ennerweymore  and  Dorooreile. 
{/nauisitions  of  Ulster,  Donegal,  (1 2)  Jac.  I.)  On  the 
26th  of  Aug.,  1630,  there  was  arc-grant  to  Sir  Mulmurry 
McSwyne,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  forever,  of  2,000  acres 
of  land  in  the  barony  of  Kilmacrenan.  To  be  held  in 
free  and  common  socage.  The  lands  are  created  into  a 
manor,  to  be  called  the   manor    of  Donnefeno^e  ^\^ 


power  to  create  tenures,  hold  court  leet  and  court  baron ; 
a  weekly  market  every  Monday  at  Donnefenogbee,  and 
two  fairs,  one  on  St.  Matthew's  Day  and  the  other  on 
Whitsun  Monday.  Subject  to  the  condition  of  fJanta- 
tion,  and  according  to  the  terms  for  renewing  giants  to 
undertakers. 

(218).  AfcSwym  Banagh — Carew  mentions  a  dispute 
which  had  sprung  up,  in  161 1,  between  this  Irish  under- 
taker and  Captain  Ellies  or  Ellis,  about  the  quarter  called 
Carrownaran,  passed  to  the  latter  by  patent,  but  claimed 
by  McSwyne  as  belonging  to  himselh  "I  have  examined 
the  books,"  such  are  the  terms  of  Carew*s  report,  "and 
find  that  McSwine  has  his  full  proportion.  Hu  patent  is 
not  passed,  and  besides  he  had  at  first  refiised  this  quarter, 
so  Captain  Ellis  is  to  hold  it."  There  is  no  mention 
of  this  chief  of  his  sept,  or  of  his  lands,  in  the  printed  in- 
quisitions relating  to  the  county  of  DonenI,  circnmstanocs 
implying,  probably,  that  no  change  of  ownership  had 
taken  place  in  the  interval  since  FVnnar's  visit. 

(219).  Tirlagh  Roe  O" Boyle, — ^This  yonthlul  lepreicn- 
tative  of  a  very  old  and  once  influential  fiunihr,  had  not 
received  the  cognomen  of  Roe  or  '  Red-haired*  when  he 
was  first  referred  to,  at  the  time  of  the  distribution  ol 
the  lands  (see  pp.  228,  328),  being  then  a  mere  diild. 
lliere  is  no  information  respecting  hin^tflf  or  his  lawb 
in  the  printed  inquisitions. 

(220).  McSwyne  Fame,-<smtxAy^  McSwjne  F^m&i^ 
often  written  Fawnett    Of  the  miUy  rfpimrtifd  bf 


PYNNARS    SURVEY.  527 

hath  built  a  good  Bawne,  and  a  House,  all  of  Lime  and  Stone,  in  which,  with  his  Family,  he 
dwelleth.  His  Tenants  have  no  estates  but  from  three  years  to  three  years,  and  these  do  plough 
after  the  Irish  Manner. 

CXXII.  896  Acres. 
Walter  McLaughlin  McSwyne  hath  896  acres,  called  Bellycany  2J\d  Ragh  (221).  He  hath 
built  a  fair  Bawne,  and  a  good  strong  House,  all  of  Lime  and  Stone,  himself  dwelling  in  it  with  his 
Family,  being  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  the  County,  and  conformable  to  his  Majesty's  Laws, 
serving  the  King  and  Country  upon  all  occasions,  and  one  that  hath  ever  been  a  true  subject  since 
the  first  taking  in  of  Loughfoyle, 

County  of  Tyrone. 

The  Precinct  of  Strabaru,  allotted  to  Scottish  Undertakers. 

\^^  Precinct  of  Strabane.  The  Earl  of  Abercorne,  chief  undertaker,  has  taken  possession, 
resident  with  lady  and  family,  and  built  for  the  present  near  the  town  of  Strabane  some  large 
timber  houses,  with  a  court  116  foot  in  length  and  87  foot  in  breadth,  the  grounsells  of  oaken 
timber,  and  the  rest  of  allor  [alder]  and  birch,  which  is  well  thatched  with  heath  and  finished. 
Has  built  a  great  brew  house  without  his  court  46  foot  long  and  25  foot  wide.  His  followers  and 
tenants  have,  since  May  last,  built  28  houses  of  fair  copies ;  and  before  May,  his  tenants,  who  are 
all  Scottishmen,  the  number  of  32  houses  of  like  goodness.  Is  preparing  materials  for  building  a 
fair  castle  and  a  bawn,  which  he  means  to  put  in  hand  for  the  next  spring.  There  are  120  cows  in 
stock  for  his  own  use.  Sir  Thomas  Boyde^  Knight,  has  a  proportion  of  land,  is  resident  with  his 
wife  and  family ;  is  providing  material  for  building.  Sir  George  Hamilton,  Knight,  a  proportion  of 
land,  resident  with  his  wife  and  family.  Has  built  a  good  house  of  timber  for  the  present,  62  foot 
long  and  thirty  foot  wide.  He  brought  over  some  families  of  Scots,  who  have  built  them  a  bawn 
and  good  timber  houses,  80  cows  and  16  garrons  among  them.  Sir  John  Dumonde  [Drummond] 
Knight^  1,000  acres ;  appeared  in  person,  took  possession,  and  has  one  Scottishman,  2  garrons 
and  a  mare.  James  Clapham,  1,000  acres;  resident,  prepares  to  people  his  land,  competent  store 
of  arms  in  readiness  James  Hayge,  1,500  acres;  has  not  appeared,  nor  any  for  him;  nothing 
done.  Sir  Claude  Hafnylton,  Knight,  2,000  acres ;  has  not  appeared,  nor  any  for  him ;  nothing 
done.  George  Hamilton,  1,000  acres;  has  taken  possession,  is  resident,  making  provisions  for 
building."     Carew's  Report  \n  161 1]. 

CXXHL     1,000  Acres. 

The  Earl  of  Abercorne  holdeth  1,000  acres,  called  Strabane,  Upon  this  there  is  built  a  very 
strong  and  fair  Castle,  but  no  Bawne,  and  a  School  House  of  Lime  and  Stone.     There  is  also  a 

this  chief,  and  the  district  whence  he  derived  his  distinctive  (221).  And  Ragh, — The  absence  of  any  notice  in  the 

name  of  Fanad^  see  pp.  1 02,  203,  327.     There  is  nothing  inquisitions  of  this   Irish  planter,  or  his  lands,  implies 

recorded  of  him  in  the  printed  inquisitions — a  fact  which  stability  on  his  part;  in  other  woixls,  that  no  change  hid 

implied  that   no  change  in   the  interval  since   Pynnar*s  occurred  from  the  time  of  Pynnar's  visit,   either  m  the 

visit,  had  taken  place.  ownership  or  possession  of  the  lands  assigned  to  him. 


528 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Church  in  building,  the  walls  whereof  are  about  five  feet  high,  but  hath  been  at  a  stay  ever  since 
the  late  Earl  dyed  (222).  There  is  also  about  this  Castle  a  Town  built,  consisting  of  80  Houses, 
whereof  a  great  many  of  them  are  of  Lime  and  Stone,  very  well  and  strongly  built;  there  are  many 
other  good  Timber  Houses ;  in  these  Houses  there  are  120  Families,  which  are  able  to  make  200 
Men,  every  one  having  Arms  for  his  Defence  ;  also,  there  are  three  Water  Mills  for  Corn  on  this 
Proportion.     I  find  planted  and  estated  on  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  6,  viz., 
I  having  120  acres. 
5  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  lives,  6,  viz., 

1  having  120  acres. 

2  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

3  having  40  acres  le  piece. 

Townsmen,  53,  viz.. 
Each  of  these  has  a  House  and  Garden  Plott,  with  some 
small  Quantities  of  Land. 


These  arc  most  Merchxints  and 
Tradesmen,  and  some  Cottagers,  in 
toto,  65  Families,  consisting  of  180 
Men  (223). 


(222).  Earl dyeJ,—^QQ  p.  288.  On  the  7th  of  May, 
161 1,  the  King  wrote  to  Chichester  **  requiring  him  to 
take  out  of  all  the  Companies  in  Ulster,  in  his  Majesty's 
pay,  and  out  of  all  the  wards  there,  the  number  of  25 
footmen  to  attend  the  Earl  of  Abercorn  for  his  aid  in  the 
plantation.*'  This  kingly  care  for  Abercorn  appears  to  have 
rendered  him  too  exacting  of  deference  from  others  who 
owed  him  nothing,  and  were  his  equals  in  rank.  We  find 
him,  for  example,  complaining  to  the  King  that  old  Lord 
Audley,  his  neighbour  in  the  adjoining  barony  of  Omcy, 
had  spoken  slightingly  on  some  occasion  of  the  Scottish 
nation  !  Da\'ys  thought  it  necessary  to  notice  this  affair 
in  a  letter  to  the  Earl  of  Somerset,  from  which  we  make 
the  following  extract : — "Part  of  this  barren  land  [Audley's 
proportion  in  Omey]  borders  the  barony  of  Strabane, 
where  the  Earl  of  Abercorn  is  the  principal  undertaker, 
by  occasion  whereof  there  grew  a  controversy  touching  a 
small  piece  of  land.  Some  ill  intelligence  was  carried 
between  these  noblemen  by  ser\'ants  or  undertenants,  as 
it  ever  falls  out  when  there  is  a  difference  between  such 
persons  of  quality.  Among  other  things  it  was  reported 
that  Lord  Audclay  had  let  fall  some  unfit  speeches  against 
the  Scottish  nation  in  general,  and  this  was  not  only  told 
the  Earl,  but  also  the  King,  and  the  King  was  pleased  to 
let  the  Lord  Deputy  and  himself  [Davys]  to  know  as 
much.  My  lord  [Audley]  being  afterwards  advertised 
that  the  King  takes  notice  thereof,  and  being  grieved 
that  such  a  report  should  be  made  of  him,  has  written  this 
enclosed  letter  to  him  [Davys],  wherein  he  makes  protes- 
tation of  his  innocence  in  that  behalf,  and  desires  that  the 
same  might  be  made  known  to  some  of  his  honourable 
friends  in  England,  who  might  acquaint  the  King  there- 
with, otherwise  he  would  have  come  over  to  England, 
and  cast  himself  at  the  King's  feet,  and  never  left  until 
the  King  was  assured  of  his  innocence."  Audley's  letter, 
enclosed,  is  a  rambling  account  of  his  omtd  loyalty  and 


high-breeding  ;  and  also  of  his  having  been  in  danger  of 
his  life  from  the  Scotchmen  of  Strabane,  although  he  had 
as  many  Scotch  as  English  on  his  own  lands. 

(223).  Affn, — These  numbers  of  freeholders,  lease- 
holds, and  settlers  generally  imply  the  presence  of  a  pros- 
perous Scottish  colony  in  and  around  the  town  of  Strabane. 
There  is  no  list  of  these  settlers  recorded  in  the  printed 
inquisitions  relating  to  the  county  of  Tyrone.  The  first 
change  or  movement  among  the  representatives  of  this 
branch  of  the  Hamiltons  occurred  in  1650,  when  Lofd 
Strabane  espoused  the  cause  of  the  Irish  in  Ulster.  The 
following  account  of  his  doing  so,  and  of  the  results,  is 
given  in  an  inquisition  taken  at  Strabane,  on  the  9Cfa  al 
August,  1658: — "The  said  James  Hamilton,  lord  baron 
Strabane,  being  seised  of  the  premises,  did,  the  aoth  of 
July,  1650,  at  Charlemont,'jn  tneCo.  of  Ardmagh,  within 
the  said  dominion  of  Ireland,  enter  into  rebellion  with  Sir 
Phelim  O'Neale,  one  of  the  chief  heads  of  the  rebels  in  the 
rebellion  of  Ireland  ;  and  at  the  said  time  and  place,  the 
said  Sir  Phelim,  together  with  divers  other  rebells  held  the 
fort  of  Chalemount ;  and  the  said  fort  and  garrison  haag 
afterwards,  that  is  to  say,  the  6th  of  Aue.,  1650,  taken 
by  the  army  and  forces  of  the  commonweuth  of  England, 
the  said  James  Hamilton,  lord  baron  of  Strabane,  wilh 
other  rebels  unknown,  in  his  company,  then  fled  to  the 
woods  and  bogs  of  Mountereling  [MunterlonyX  in  the 
county  of  Tirrone,  and  was,  the  said  day,  taken  prisoner 
by  a  party  of  the  commonwealth's  army,  whereby  all  and 
singular  the  said  manors,  townes,  lands,  &c.,  were  for- 
feited to  the  commonwodth  of  En^and.  AfterwaidSi 
that  is  to  say,  the  13th  of  Aug.,  1650^  the  said  lord  buna 
Strabane  accepted  and  took  a  protection  from  Sir  Chariei 
Coote,  being  commander-in-chief  of  the  anny  of  the  oob- 
monwealth  aforesaid ;  and  after  he  took  and  acontod  cC 
the  said  protection,  he  did,  iipoo  the  bst  diqr  of  Dtc* 
1650,   breake  the  said  protecCioOy  and ~    "* 


PYNNA^'S    SURVEY. 


529 


In  toto,  20  Families,  who,  with 
their  Tenants,  are  able  to  make  106 
men  with  arms  (225). 


CXXIV.     2,000  Acres. 
The  Earl  of  Abercomi  hath  2,000  acres  called  Dunnalong  (224).     Here  is  neither  Casde  nor 
Bawne  ;  but  upon  some  places  of  the  Land  there  are  three  or  four  good  Hou§es  built  of  lime  and 
Stone  by  the  Tenants.     I  find  planted  and  estated  here,  these  Tenants  being  Brttiish, 

Freeholders,  6,  viz., 
I  having  260  acres. 

1  having  120  acres. 

4  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  14,  viz., 

2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 
6  having  180  acres  jointly. 

1  having  120  acres. 

2  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

3  having  60  acres  jointly. 

CXXV.  1,500  Acres. 
Sir  Thomas  Boide  (226)  was  the  first  Patentee.  ThQ  Earl  of  Abercorne  hath  1,500  acres, 
called  S/uari.  Upon  this  there  is  a  large  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  80  feet  square,  with  four 
Flankers,  but  as  yet  is  not  thoroughly  finished.  There  is  also  a  large  strong  Castle  begun,  and 
they  tell  me  it  shall  be  finished  this  summer.  I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of 
Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  3,  viz., 
3  having  120  acres  le  piece. 


joined  himself  with  the  said  Sir  Phelim  O'Nealc,  being 
then  in  rebellion,  and  was  in  the  county  of  Tyrone 
at  [Kinard],  called  by  the  name  of  Drummurogh,  which 
hee,  the  said  Phelim  O'Neale  had,  then  and  there  acting 
and  advising,  and  countenancing  of  the  said  rebellion 
with  said  Sir  Phelim  and  many  other  rebells.  On  the 
1st  of  July,  1649,  the  said  James  Hamilton  did  accept 
and  take  a  commission  from  one  of  the  said  rebells  to 
raise  and  arme  a  troope  of  horse,  for  and  on  behalf  of  the 
said  rebells.  The  said  lord  baron  of  Strabane  was,  the 
1st  of  Aug.,  1650,  a  papist,  and  a  roman  catholic  papist 
recusant,  and  on  the  16th  of  June,  1655,  at  Ballyfatten, 
near  Strabane,  he  died  a  roman  catholic  and  papist  re- 
cusant. All  the  aforesaid  lands  [now  the  Baronscourt 
estate]  by  reason  of  the  said  James  Hamilton,  his  acting 
and  assisting  in  the  said  rebellion  are  forfeited,  and  doc 
belong  unto  his  highness  the  lord  protector  of  the  common" 
wealth  of  England,  and  his  successors."  {Inquisitions  of 
Ulster^  Tyrone,  (i)  Tempore  Interregni).  Subsequently, 
at  the  time  of  the  Revolution,  the  then  representative  of 
this  family  espoused  the  cause  of  James  II.,  and  suffered 
forfeiture  for  a  time.  An  inquisition,  taken  at  Strabane, 
on  the  1 6th  of  August,  1693,  enumerates  all  the  parcels 
of  land  on  the  Baronscourt  estate,  lately  in  possession  of 
Claud  Hamilton  Earl  of  Abercom,  and  mentions  the 
R    2 


following  tenants  as  having  holdings  in  the  town  of 
Strabane,  viz.,  Anne  Newburgh,  William  Hendersoq, 
James  and  Patrick  Hamilton,  Oliver  McCasIand,  Samud 
Lawes,  Robert  Robinson,  John  Anderson,  Andrew  Parke, 
Walter  McFarland,  John  Love,  James  McGee,  and 
Thomas  Holmes.  Inquisitions  of  Ulster ^  Tyrone,  (l) 
Gul.  and  Mary. 

(224).  Dunnalong, — See  p.  289. 

(225).   With  arms, — There  is  no  record  in  the  printed 
inquisitions  of  the  names  of  these  settlers. 

(226).  Boide, — See  p.  290.  An  inquisition  enumerates 
the  parcels  of  which  this  proportion  was  made  up, 
but  It  neither  records  the  names  of  settlers  thereon, 
nor  the  date  at  which  Sir  Thomas  Boyd  disposed  of  his 
interest  to  the  Earl  of  Abercom.  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster^ 
"ryrone,  (5)  Jac.  I.)  A  neighbouring  undertaker,  named 
Captain  John  Leigh,  claimed  a  part  of  Sir  Thomas  Boyd's 
proportion  as  lan£  belonging  to  the  abbey  of  Omey,  of 
which  Leigh  had  previously  got  a  grant  from  the  Crown. 
Carew  mentions  that  the  lands  thus  claimed  comprised 
three  balliboes  named  Toyfinne,  Fallart,  and  Glan^iffe. 
^oyd  was  permitted,  however,  to  retain  the  portions  in 
dispute,  as  the  commissioners  required  to  make  an  arrange- 
ment with  I<eigh  on  the  subject 


530 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


Lessees  for  years,  lo,  viz.,  In  toto,   13  Families,  who,  with 

2  having  240  acres.  their    Undertenants,    are    ^ble    to 

2  having  120  acres  le  piece.  make  100  armed  Men. 

4  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  30  acres  le  piece. 

CXXVI.  1,500  Acres. 
Sir  George  Hamilton  (227)  Knt.,  hath  1,500  acres,  called  Largie  and  CioghogenaiL  Upon 
this  is  no  more  done  upon  the  Bawne  and  House  than  was  done  when  Sirjosias  Modely  [Bodley] 
did  last  survey  it ;  but  he  [Hamilton]  hath  made  a  Village  in  which  he  hath  built  of  Irish  coupled 
Houses  30 ;  and  this  standeth  in  a  road,  and  in  a  convenient  place.  I  find  planted  and  Estated 
on  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Birth  and  Descent, 

Freeholders,  4,  viz., 
I  having  102  acres. 

3  having  60  acres  le  piece.  • 

Lessees  for  years,  11,  viz., 
I  having  120  acres. 
10  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

Townsmen,  1 2,  viz., 
Each  of  these  has  a  House  and  Garden  Plott,  with  some 
small  quantities  of  Land  to  feed  their  Cows. 

CXXVII.     1,000  Acres. 
Sir    George   Hamilton^   Knt,    hath    1,000    acres    called   Denie-woone   (228).      Upon   this 


These   27  Tenants  are   able  to 
make  50  Men  armed 


(227).  George  Hamilton, — See  pp.  290,  291.  There  is 
no  mention  of  this  knight  or  his  lands  in  the  Tyrone 
Inquisitions.  Although  a  brother  to  the  Earl  of  Abercom, 
he  appears  to  have  been  a  much  more  dangerous  man 
in  the  King's  Ulster  plantation  than  old  Lord  Audley. 
Even  before  the  date  of  Davys's  letter  (as  quoted  in  a 
preceding  note),  the  King  had  instructed  Chichester  to 
remove  this  Sir  George  Hamilton  out  of  the  kingdom 
because  he  was  a  recusant  and  a  papist !  Sir  George's 
grandson,  General  Richard  Hamilton,  afterwards  led  the 
army  of  James  H.  against  the  northern  Protestants,  at 
Deny,  in  1689. 

(228).  Derrie-woone. — The  following  fragmentary  piece 
of  information  relating  in  part  to  this  proportion  is  found 
by  an  Inquisition  held  at  Port  Hand,  Tyrone,  on  the  2nd 
September,  1630 : — "Balliola,  being  one  balliboe  of  land, 
doth  lye  betwixte  the  balliboe  called  Killenan,  on  the 
south  syde,  and  Fallasloye  on  the  north.  The  two  balli- 
boes  called  Cavan-ychoal  and  Foyfyn,  lyeinge  together, 
are  bounded  by  the  balliboes  called  Gorlecrome  on  the 
north  and  west  syde,  and  the  balliboe  called  Barran  and 
Tircarnen  on  the  east  and  south  syde.  The  7  balliboes  of 
land  and  2  sessioghs  commonly  called  Dirreowen-Ruskye, 
Dromlegagh,  Towmamgrada,  Latterbye,  and  Ena^h- 
Renan,  with  the  2  sessioghes  of  Caste  and  Clonte,  bemg 


two  partes  of  the  balliboe  of  Cloghognall,  as  all  ^the 
lands  are  meared  and  bounded,  with  the  quarter  of 
Kilmartyn  on  the  south  east  syde,  Tinnerdart  on  the 
north-east,  the  river  of  Ferra^h  on  the  south-west,  the  2 
balliboes  of  Rosse  and  Clogher  on  the  north  syde,  and 
Largyeb^;g  on  the  north-east  syde.  All  the  saia  parceDs 
of  land,  conteyninge  10  balliboes  and  2  sessioghes  afore- 
said are  parte  of  the  middle  proportion  of  Clogfaognall  and 
the  small  proportion  of  Dirreowene.  The  10  oalliboes 
and  2  sessioghes  aforesaid,  are  not  above  X  of  Clogfaog- 
nail  and  Dirreowne,  and  are  most  fitt  to  be  sett  to  the 
Irishe,  and  the  setting  of  the  same  to  the  Irishe  is  not 
disadvantageous  to  the  British  freeholders  or  leascliolders 
of  the  said  proportions.  There  are  noe  concealed  lands 
within  the  said  2  proportions  or  eyther  of  them.  Clogher 
ar  Balleclogher,  within  the  proportion  of  Diirwooen,  is 
the  fittest  and  most  convenient  place  within  the  aid 
proportions  to  keepe  one  weekly  markett  at ;  and  the 
said  markett  may  be  upon  thursdaye,  weekdy,  witlioaC 
prejudice  or  hinderance  to  any  of  the  ndghbooiing 
market  ts.  One  fair  may  be  most  conyeniently  honldcn 
yerely  at  the  said  Clogher  al'  Balleclogher,  upon  the  %% 
aprill ;  and  other  faire  at  Ballemagony,  in  the  ptoportian 
of  Cloghognull,  the  21st  Oct,  yerely,  without  omumk  to 
any  of  the  ne^hbouring  Cures."  infuitkmu  tf  fJUkr^ 
Tyrone,  (10)  Car.  I. 


PVNNARS    SURVEY. 


531 


Proportion  there  is  built  a  Bawne  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  60  feet  square,  14  feet  high,  with  four 
Flankers,  whereof  two  of  them  have  very  good  Lodgings  in  them  ;  and  near  unto  the  Bawne  there, 
is  a  Village,  wherein  are  10  Houses  inhabited  with  Brittains,  I  find  planted  and  estated  on  this 
Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  14,  viz.,  Total,    16    Families,    who,   with 

4  having  60  acres  le  piece.  their    Undertenants,    are    able    to 

5  having  40  acres  le  piece.  make  43  Men  with  Arms. 

1  having  30  acres. 

4  having  15  acres  le  piece. 

CXXVIIL  2.000  Acres. 
Sir  Claude  Hamilton^  Knt.y  deceased,  left  this  land  in  charge  with  Sir  George  Hamilton, 
Upon  this  there  are  2,000  acres,  called  Eden  and  Killiny  (229),  and  there  is  built  a  Bawne  of 
Lyme  and  Stone,  70  feet  square,  14  feet  high,  and  a  good  Castle  in  it,  both  strong  and  beautiful 
There  is  built  near  unto  the  Bawne,  6  small  Houses,  and  divers  others  on  the  Land,  all  which 
he  inhabited  with  Brittish  Families.  I  find  planted  and  estated  by  promise  upon  this  Land,  of 
Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  6,  viz., 

4  having  120  acres  le  piece.  These    20    Families,   with    their 

2  having  60  acres  le  piece.  Undertenants,  are  able  to  make  50 

Lessees  for  years,  14,  viz..  Men.     Yet   these  have   no  estates, 

5  having  60  acres  le  piece.  for  that  the  Children  are  under  Age. 
9  having  30  acres  le  piece. 


(229).  And  KiUiny. — Seep.  289.  An  inquisition  held 
at  Augher,  on  4th  May,  1631,  gives  the  following  account 
of  affairs  on  thetwo  proportions  above  named: — "Sir  Wm. 
Hamilton,  late  of  Muntcrlony,  in  the  Co.  of  Tyrone,  knt, 
houldcih  the  small  proportion  of  Killeny  and  the  small 
proportion  of  Tedan  [called  Eden  by  Pynnar],  in  the 
barony  of  Strabane,  in  free  and  common  socage,  by 
letters  pattents.  The  said  Sir  William,  contrary  to  the 
intent  of  the  said  letters  hath,  since  the  date  of  the  same, 
demised  the  several  balliboes  and  parcels  of  land  here- 
under mentioned,  unto  the  mcere  Insh,  and  such  as  are 
not  allowed  by  the  said  letters  pattents  over  and  above  the 
fourth  parte  of  each  of  the  said  proportions  of  Killeny  and 
Tedan,  viz. : — liryen  Roe  McConmoy,  houldeth  the  balli- 
boe  of  land  callecl  Tireamaddan,  for  the  term  of  2  yeares, 
from  Andrew  Hayes,  who  houldeth  the  same  from  Sir 
William.  Morrise  O'Tcman  houldeth  the  balliboe  of 
Litterbrett  and  Dongragh  from  the  said  Sir  William  till 
the  feast  of  All  Saints  next,  and  doth  plough,  pasture, 
and  grasse  upon  the  same.  Shane  Roe  O'Devin  houldeth 
the  Yz  balliboe  of  Nonehicannon,  in  the  said  proportions 
for  one  of  them],  from  James  Hamilton,  who  houldeth  the 
same  from  the  said  Sir  William,  and  doth  plough,  pasture, 
and  grass  the  same  till  hallowtide  next,     cryen  McCrener 


and  Rory  O'Quyn  hould  the  balliboe  of  Aghnacree,  from 
the  said  James  Hamilton,  in  manner  as  aforesaid.  Patrick 
groome  O'Devin  houlds  the  balliboe  of  Leath  in  the  said 
proportions,  from  Thomas  Petticrieve,  who  houldeth  the 
same  from  the  said  Sir  W^illiam,  and  ploughs,  pastures,  and 
grasses  the  same.  The  said  Patrick  houldeth  Yz  the  balli- 
boe of  Loughes,  in  manner  as  aforesaid.  Owen  modder 
McConmoy  houldeth  the  balliboe  of  Gorten  from  the  said 
Sir  William,  and  also  the  balliboe  of  Leanamoor,  in 
manner  as  aforesaid.  All  the  aforesaid  balliboes  doe  lie 
within  the  proportions  of  Killeny  and  Tedan,  in  the 
county  of  Tyrone,  and  have  been  granted  to  the  mecr 
Irish,  who  have  ploughed,  pastured,  and  grassed  upon  the 
said  lands,  contrary  to  the  conditions  in  the  letters  pattents 
aforesaid,  for  which  cause  the  said  balliboes  are  become 
forfeited."  {^Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Tyrone,  (31)  Car.  I.) 
On  the  20th  of  November,  1629,  there  was  a  grant  to  Sir 
William  Hamilton,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  for  ever,  of  the 
two  small  proportions  of  Killenny  and  Teadane  [Eden]« 
in  the  barony  of  Strabane,  containing  2,000  acres  ;  to  be 
held  in  free  and  common  socage.  The  lands  are  erected 
into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Ellistowne,  with 
the  usual  manorial  rights  and  powers  ;  subject  to  the  regu- 
lations for  the  renewal  of  grants  to  undertakers  in  Ulster. 


53^ 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


CXXIX.  1,500  Acres. 
James  Haige  was  first  Patentee.  Sir  George  Hamilton  and  Sir  William  Stewart^  Knigkis^ 
have  jointly  1,500  acres,  called  Terremurrearteth  alias  Mounterlony  (230).  Upon  this  there  is 
nothing  at  all  built ;  but  the  Lord  Abercorne  and  Sir  George  Hamilton  are  bound  in  a  Bond  of 
1,000/.  to  Sir  William  Stewart  to  perform  the  building  this  Summer ;  I  saw  no  Britlish  Tenants 
on  that  Land ;  but  I  am  told  there  are  8  Brittish  Families. 

CXXX.     2,000  Acres. 
James  Chapman  was  the  first  Patentee  (231).     Sir  Robert  Newcomen^  Knt,  hath  2,000  acres, 
called  Newtowne  and  Lislap.     He  is  but  newly  come  unto  it,  and  he  hath  rebuilt  the  Castle  which 


(230).  Mounterlony. — This  middle  proportion,  on  its 
surrender  by  Haige,  the  first  patentee,  was  granted  from 
the  Crown  to  Sir  William  Stewart,  the  7th  of  June,  161J. 
On  the  1st  of  June,  161 5,  Sir  William  let  or  set  the  whole 
proportion  for  a  short  term  to  an  Irish  tenant  named 
John  Flemynge.  Soon  afterwards  the  following  Irish 
were  admitted,  viz..  Art  oge  McRory  and  Gildufle 
McRory,  to  the  balliboe  of  Allogh  ;  Hugh  O'Quin  rented 
the  balliboe  of  Taghel^han ;  Donnogh  McKilduffe 
McGunshenan,  the  balliboes  called  Corboylan,  Corrig,  and 
Killin;  Patrick  modder  McKerny,  the  balliboes  of  Feig- 
harr>'and  Ballygilla;  Brian  oge  McGunshenan,  the  balliboe 
called  Racolp ;  Turlogh  O'Donnelly  and  Neal  Carrogh 
McHugh,  the  balliboe  called  Cloughfineightra  and 
Cloughfynoutra  ;  Donnell  boy  0*Donnell,  the  balliboe 
called  Dromenekelly ;  Connor  O'Gormont  and  Hugh 
O'Gormont,  the  balliboe  called  Raleagh  ;  Hugh  O'Quin 
and  Owen  O'Colly,  the  balliboes  called  Terenemurier- 
tagh,  Tirecurre,  Quillin  and  Lislapp,  and  the  ^  balliboe 
called  Eskerdowy.  Sir  Henry  Titchbome  also  held 
hinds  on  this  proportion  ;  and  the  lands  of  Aallagh, 
Tagheleghan,  Fcigharry,  and  Ballygilla  were  considered 
the  most  suitable  to  let  off  to  Irish  tenants.  [^Inquisitions  of 
Ulster^  Tyrone,  (4)  Car.  I.)  On  the  1 8th  February,  1629, 
there  was  a  grant  to  Sir  Henry  Titchebome,  his  heirs 
and  assigns,  forever,  as  an  undertaker  of  the  province  of 
Ulster,  of  the  lands  of  Cloghfinyeightra,  Cloughfinyowtra, 
and  other  lands  in  the  barony  of  Strabane  ;  to  be  held 
in  free  and  common  socage.  The  lands  are  created  into  • 
a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Mountfully  with  the 
usual  manorial  powers  ;  subject  to  the  regulations  for 
renewal  of  grants  to  undertakers  in  Ulster. 

(231).  First  Patentee. — This  patentee's  name  was  at 
first  written  Clcphane^  and  sometimes  Clapham  (see  p. 
189),  but  in  1620  Pynnar  transformed  it  into  Chapman. 
Clephane  was  specially  recommended  to  Chichester  by  the 
King,  who  stated  that  he  had  been  an  old  and  faithful 
servant,  and  requested  the  deputy  to  give  him  an  advan- 
tageous place  for  settling  on  as  an  undertaker  in  Ulster. 
Clephane,  accordingly,  could  hardly  have  been  more 
favourably  located  than  on  the  2,000  acres  of  Newtowne 
and  Lislap  (see  pp.  289, 290).  Among  the  troubles  by  which 
this  undertaker  was  beset,  his  conflict  with  Captain  John 
iieigh  may  be  mentioned.  Carew  refers  to  it  m  161 1,  as 
follows: — ** Between  Mr.  Clapham  and  Captain  John 
Leigh,  concerning  the  lands  of  Castle  Moyle,  Bntreagh, 
Gregaghie,  Doonteige,  TuUamucke,  and  Straylinull,  all 


adjoining  the  castle  of  Newtown.  Captain  Leigh  claims 
these  lands  and  part  of  the  abbey  of  Omey  ;  he  holds  the 
abbey  by  patent,  in  which  there  is  only  mentioned  the  site 
of  the  abbey  and  one  and  a  half  balliboes  lying  near, 
supposed  at  that  time  to  be  all  the  lands  of  the  abbey, 
and  a  small  rent  reserved  accordingly,  which  land  he 
enjoyed.  There  is  no  mention  of  these  for  abbey  lands 
in  the  two  last  general  surveys ;  but  since,  a  privsite 
inauisition  before  a  deputy  escheator  has  found  these  for 
abbey  lands.  The  office  [of  inquisition]  by  direction  finooi 
the  Lords  in  England  is  taken  from  the  file,  upon  some 
composition  made  by  Captain  Leigh  with  the  commis- 
sioners in  England,  whereof  you  may  be  further  certified 
from  thence.'  There  is  no  evidence  in  the  inqaisitioos  as 
to  the  transfer  of  these  proportions  from  one  owner  to 
another,  except  that  Sir  William  Stewart  had  possession 
at  and  before  the  year  1628.  Pynnar*s  account  implies 
that  Sir  Robert  Newcomen  had  done  some  work,  as  a 
planter,  previously  to  1620,  but  the  names  of  British 
settlers  are  not  given.  It  is  curious  that  Clephane,  who 
was  regarded  as  so  '  faithful'  by  the  King,  should  act  so 
contrary  to  his  royal  master*s  wishes  when  he  became  aa 
undertaker,  for  the  first  and  almost  the  only  act  which 
Clephane  appears  to  have  done  was  the  letting  hb  entire 
lands  to  Irish  tenants,  for  terms  vaijing  from  five  to  ten 
years.  This  simple  process  saved  him  a  world  of  trouble^ 
which  the  introduction  of  British  settlers  incurred,  and 
gave  him  the  largest  and  quickest  returns  from  his  lands 
in  the  shape  of  rents.  It  was  found  by  inquisition  takea 
at  Newtown  [now  Newtonstewart]  on  the  9th  of  Jannaiy, 
1628,  that  '*the  said  James  Claphame,  aAerwards,  that  is 
to  say,  the  1st  of  June,  1612,  at  Newtowne  aforesaid,  did 
demise  the  said  proportions  unto  the  meere  Irish."  The 
following  is  a  list  of  the  Irish  tenants,  which  is  the  more 
interesting  as  recording  the  names  of  some  families  whidb 
made  up  the  celebrated  and  once  powerfiil  clan  known  as 
the  Slut  Arte\—lMx\o^  Oge  O'Quin,  Thoiaas  Oge 
McCawall,  Rory  O'Feghane,  Patrick  O^Crosson,  Owya 
O'Neile,  Cormack  O'Cullenon,  Patrick  O'Crimn,  Cn- 
connaght  McThomas  [O'Criggan],  Patrick  McAoaly, 
Averkagh  McNamee,  Henty  Murohy,  Roiy  O^e  O'Fe^iiOt 
Henry  O'NeiJe,  Murtagh  and  Turta^h  O'Qoin,  Donnoghr 


O'Gormely,  Phelloray  O'Mulcrew,  Gilduff  McKiaij,  Ifdl 
O'Gomery,  Tnrlagh  McHugh,  Bryan  CNeik^  Bmii 
McHenry  C^  O'Neile,  WUliam  0*Skhei^  Tog 
O'Skheagh,  Patrick  O'Murrogh,  Henry  MnrrartO'Neikft 
PhillomyO'Mellon,  Torion^OgeO'C^iynf  Oi^O'NeBu 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


533 


is  now  four  Stories  high,  ready  to  have  the  roof  set  up  ;  and  two  sides  of  the  Wall  of  the  Bawne  are 
finished,  being  i6  feet  high,  the  other  two  sides  are  going  up  apace.  There  is  a  good  Towne  in 
building  before  the  Castle,  wherein  are  already  14  Houses,  all  inhabited  with  English  and  Scottish 
Tenants.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  4,  viz., 

3  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

1  having  60  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  9,  viz., 

2  having  180  acres  Ic  piece. 
2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

4  having  60  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  21  acres. 

Cottagers,  12,  viz.. 
Each  of  these  has  a  House  and  Garden  Plotl,  and  some 
Commons  for  greasing  of  Cows. 

CXXXI.     1,000  Acres. 
Sir  John  Drommond  (232),  KnL^  hath   1000  acres,  called  Ballymagnegh,     Upon  this  there  is 
a  BawTie  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  100  feet  square,  with  four  Flankers;  and  in  it  a  Timber  House  of 


Total,  25  Families,  able  to  make 
48  Men  with  Arms. 


Hugh  Groomc  McAly,  Manus  O'CuIlenan,  James 
McGormley,  Neal  McDwalta,  Mullagh  O'Brogan,  Phil- 
lomy  O'Mulveagh.  Shane  and  Donnell  O'Doolan.  The 
inquisition  concludes  as  follows: — *'A11  the  said  lessees, 
on  the  loth  August,  1620,  at  Newtowne,  aforesaid,  were 
in  full  lyfc  and  liveinge  ;  and  they  did  not  take  the  oathe 
according  to  the  statute  of  the  late  Queen  Elizabeth  in 

that  behalf  enacted The  said  Sir  William 

Stewart  is  tenant  of  the  said  two  proportions  of  Newtowne 
and  LislapjD.  The  towne  lands  of  Dunteag,  Tullemuck, 
Greagaghy,  Lisracreagh,  Barrigh,  Kalkilkarne,  Gorlne- 
creagh,  Litterbannagher,  and  the  two  sessiaghs  of  Leglan, 
and  the  scverall  niountaines  belonging  to  the  said  severall 
townelands,  knowne  by  the  names  of  Slewtryn  and  Gal- 
lagh  al'  Escheeve,  are  the  most  fitt  and  convenient  of  all 
the  aforesaid  lands  of  Newtowne  and  Lislapp,  to  be 
graunted  and  lett  to  the  inhabitants  and  meere  natives  of 
this  countrcy,  for  the  fourth  part  of  the  same."  (Inquisi- 
tions of  Ulster,  Tyrone,  (5)  Car.  I.)  On  the  26th  of  July, 
1629,  letters  patent  of  denization  were  issued  tQ  Sir 
William  Stewart,  knight  and  baronet,  and  also  a  grant 
untu  him  of  four  several  proportions,  namely,  the  two 
small  proportions  of  Ballyneconoly  and  Ballyravill,  in  the 
barony  of  Clogher,  and  the  two  small  proportions  of 
Newtown  and  Lislapp  in  the  barony  of  Strabane,  each 
proportion  containing  by  estimation  1, 000  acres ;  and 
other  lands  amounting  to  140  acres  lying  in  the  barony  of 
Strabane.  The  two  proportions  of  Ballyneconoly  and 
Ballyravell  are  created  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the 
manor  of  Aloiint-Steivart ;  and  the  other  two  proportions, 
namely,  Newtown  and  Lislapp,  into  a  manor,  to  fee  called 
the  manor  of  NrM  Stexvardstown  [Newtownstewart]  ;  with 
power  to  create  tenares,  and  other  manorial  rights;  to 


be  held  in  free  and  common  socage,  subject  to  the  condi- 
tions of  plantation,  and  according  to  the  instructions  for 
renewing  of  grants  to  undertakers.  The  house  built  by 
Sir  William  Stewart  on  this  manor  was  known  as  Nruh 
town,  and  formed  the  principal  family  resideiice.  Sir 
William's  grandson,  William  Montgomery,  who  passed  a 
few  years  of  his  boyhood  there,  has  left  the  followhig 
curious  account  of  his  hurried  departure  thence,  at  the 
time  of  the  outbreak  in  1641 : — "I  was  kept  at  School  in 
Newtoun  Stewart  house  .  .  .  and  had  a  pike  and 
muskett  made  to  my  size  ;  and  on  the  23rd  of  October, 
1641^  was  in  the  Garden  performing  the  postures  of  my 
Arms  ;  my  grandfather  Sir  William  Stewart's  foot  com- 
pany, himself  viewing  his  soldiers  and  their  Arms,  and 
exercising  them  ;  when  about  four  houres  afternoon  (to 
our  amazement),  a  man  half  stript  came  with  a  letter, 
signifying  the  Insurrections,  Murthers,  and  burnings  on 
all  sides,  committed  by  the  Irish.  The  messengers,  one 
after  another,  came  sweating  and  out  of  breath  from 
divers  quarters,  with  like  consternation  and  haste  as  Job's 
escaped  servants  did  to  tell  him  of  his  losses ;  and  they 
related  the  cruell  Massacres  of  divers  Persons  .  •  Sir 
William,  leaving  a  guard  in  his  said  house,  went  next 
morning  with  his  Lady  and  Family  to  Strabane^  and 
thence  to  Londonderry,  ten  miles  further."  See  Mont* 
gomery  Manuscripts ,  pp.  407,  408. 

(232).  Sir  John  Drommond. — Seep.  291.  It  was  found 
by  inquisition  at  Newtowne,  held  on  the  9th  of  Jamiary, 
1625,  that  Sir  John  Drummond  had  let  lus  lands  on  the 
1st  of  June,  1622,  to  the  following  tenants,  several,  of 
whom  were  meere  Irish,  viz.,  Hugh  O'Quin,  ^eai 
O'Sloddan,  Gillduff  O'Donnelly,  Shane  O'Sloddim, 
Owen  O'Sloddan,  Owen  McKaonyi  John  Grime,  John 


534 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER, 


Cage  work,  himself  and  Family  dwelling  therein.  He  hath  made  a  small  Village  a  quarter  of  a 
mile  off,  wherein  are  lo  Houses,  and  a  Water-Mill  for  Com ;  there  are  many  Tenants  on  the  Land, 
but  they  have  no  estates  at  all :  Insomuch  that  they  knowing  I  was  in  the  country,  they  came  and 
complained  unto  me,  and  said  that  for  these  many  years  they  could  never  get  anything  from  him 
but  Promises ;  and  therefore  the  most  part  of  them  are  leaving  the  Land.  I  desired  the  Lady  to 
show  me  their  counterpaines,  but  her  Answer  was  that  her  Knight  was  in  Scotland,  and  that  she 
could  not  come  unto  them  [the  counterpaines] :  But  upon  examination  I  found  there  were  30 
Men  of  Briitons  on  the  Land. 


The  Precinct  of  the  Oniey^  appointed  to  English  Undertakers. 

\^^ Precinct  of  Omey,  The  Lord  Audley,  3,000  acres;  has  not  appeared,  nor  any  for  him; 
nothing  done.  Sir  Marvin  Audley\  Knight^  2,000  acres;  the  like.  Sir  Ferdinando  Audky^ 
Knight^  2,000  acres ;  the  like.  Sir  John  Davys^  Knight^  the  King's  Attorney  General,  2,000 
acres ;  possession  taken  by  his  agent,  William  Bradley,  resident,  who  is  preparing  materials 
for  building  a  stone  house  or  castle  with  a  bawn,  which  materials  will  be  ready  before  Allhallowtide 
next;  at  this  instant  the  walls  of  the  castle  are  22  foot  high,  and  in  breadth  between  the  walls  19 
foot,  and  in  length  36  foot.  Already  four  fee  farmers,  one  leaseholder,  and  a  carpenter,  with  their 
families,  are  ready  to  be  estated  on  portions,  which  they  could  not  receive  until  now,  for  that 
five  quarters  of  the  best  of  the  said  lands  were  in  controversy,  and  some  of  it  not  yet  cleared. 
The  said  Sir  John  intends  to  finish  his  works  next  Spring,  and  to  plant  and  people  his  lands 
according  to  the  articles. 

"The  Lord  Audley  and  Mr.  Blunte  came  out  of  England  since  our  return  from  the  North 
[to  Dublin],  and  went  to  see  their  proportions. 

"  The  Fort  of  the  Omye,  Here  is  a  good  fort  fairly  walled  with  lime  and  stone,  about  30  foot 
high  above  the  ground  with  a  parapet,  the  river  on  one  side  and  a  large  deep  ditch  about  the  rest, 
within  which  is  built  a  fair  house  of  timber  after  the  English  manner.  All  begun  by  Captain 
Ormond  [Edmond]  Leigh,  and  finished  by  his  brothers,  John  and  Daniel  Leigh,  at  their  own 
charges  upon  the  lands  of  the  Abbeye  of  Omye,  at  which  place  are  many  families  of  English  and 
Irish,  who  have  built  them  good  dwelling-houses,  which  is  a  safety  and  comfort  for  passengers 
between  Donganon  and  the  Liffer.  The  fort  is  a  place  of  good  import  upon  all  occasions  of 
service,  and  fit  to  be  maintained."     Carew's  Report  in  161 1]. 


McGowan,  William  Reade,  William  Sharpe,  Patrick 
Sm)rthe,  John  Crosby,  William  Crosby,  William  Mun- 
tecth,  Rory  O'Neale,  Conoghcr  O'Quin,  John  Wood, 
Thomas  Gryme,  Patrick  Drum,  Shane  duffe  O'Keman, 
Thomas  Beane,  John  McAulay,  and  Neal  McGunshenan. 
It  thus  appeared  that  Sir  John  Drummond  carried  out 
his  promises,  at  least  to  some  extent,  soon  after  Pynnar 
made  his  report.  Sir  John,  who  was  styled  of  the  Rosses^ 
in  the  parish  of  Capprey,  barony  of  Strabane,  died  on  the 
I4lh  of  May,  1625  ;  and  having  left  no  children,  his 
brother,  Malcolm  Drummond,  succeeded  to  the  property. 


The  latter  was  35  vears  of  age  at  the  date  of  his  brochei's 
death,  and  married.  {Inquisitums  of  UisUr^  Tyrone^  {%) 
and  (3)  Car.  I. )  On  the  29th  of  May,  1629  letters  patent 
of  denization  were  issued  to  Malcolm  Dromand,  wri  also 
a  grant  to  him,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  fotever,  of  the 
small  proportion  of  Ballymagoics^  in  the  buonj  of 
Strabane.  The  premises  to  be  hem  in  free  and  «^»"fMr*«« 
socage.  To  be  created  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the 
manorof  Castle  Dromand^  with  allmanorial  rights ;  loljcct 
to  the  condition  of  plantation,  and  to  the  Kh^s  * 
for  renewing  of  grants  to  uidertakevs. 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


535 


CXXXII.     3,000  Acres. 

This  is  the  Countess  her  Jointure.  The  Earl  of  Castlehaven  (233),  hath  3,000  acres,  called 
Faugh  and  Rarone,  Upon  this  there  is  no  building  at  all,  either  of  Bawne  or  Castle,  neither 
Freeholders.  I  find  planted  upon  this  Land  some  few  English  Families,  but  they  have  no  Estates; 
for  since  the  old  Earl  died,  the  Tenants  (as  they  tell  me)  cannot  have  their  Leases  made  good 
unto  them,  unless  they  will  bring  treble  the  Rent  which  they  paid ;  and  yet  they  must  but  have 
half  the  land  which  they  enjoyed  in  the  late  Earl's  time. 

All  these  Tenants  do  dwell  dis- 
persedly  upon  their  Land,  and  can- 
not dwell  together  in  a  Village, 
because  they  are  bound  every  one 
to  dwell  upon  his  own  Land,  which, 
if  they  do  not,  the  lease  is  void. 
These  11  Tenants  can  make  no 
more  men,  and  all  the  rest  of  the 
Land  is  inhabited  with  Irish  (234). 


Lessees  for  years,  8,  viz., 
I  having  120  acres. 
6  having  60  acres  le  piece, 
I  having  30  acres. 

Cottagers,  3,  viz., 
Each  of  these  has  a  small  piece  of  I.Kind  to  keep  their 
Cows. 


{233).  Castlehaven. — George  Audley,  the  old  or  first 
Earl  of  Castlehaven,  had  died  on  the  7th  of  April,  1616, 
and  his  eldest  son,  James,  now  reigned  in  his  stead.  In- 
different, or  comparatively  useless,  as  the  former  had 
been  in  the  matter  of  planting,  his  son  appears,  from 
Tynnar's  reports,  as  still  more  negligent  of  his  duties. 
The  old  earl  died  at  a  place  called  Dromquin,  in  the 
county  of  Tyrone,  ;  and  his  countess  re-married  with  Sir 
Pierce  Crosby.  The  countess  and  her  second  husband 
let  out  her  jointure  lands  in  Tyrone  to  Sir  Terence 
Dcmpsie  and  Maurice  Crosbie,  these  jointure-lands  con- 
taining 3,000  acres  of  arable  land,  3,000  acres  of  meadow 
land,  3,000  acres  of  pasture  land,  with  2,000  acres  of 
wood,  200  of  furze,  brambles,  &c.,  200  of  morass  or  bog, 
and  100  houses  and  gardens.  The  original  grant  to  old 
Lonl  Castlehaven  and  his  lady  was  supposed  to  contain 
only  3,000  arable  acres  in  all!  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster ^ 
Tyrone,  (48)  Car.  I.  The  jointure  lands  of  the  countess 
comprised  two  proportions — one  called  the  Fcwes,  con- 
taining 2,000  acres,  and  the  other  Ball3rtaken,  containing 
1,000  acres.  These  lands,  like  so  many  others,  were  ex- 
posed to  forfeiture,  in  1632,  because  of  their  being  let  too 
generally  to  Irish  tenants.  "Sir  Pierce  Crosby,  it  was 
then  found  "  houldeth  the  great  proportion  of  the  two 
Fewes  and  Ballytakcn,  within  the  barony  of  Omagh, 
contaynin^  3,ooo  acres,  graunted  to  him  by  letters 
patients  [  as  husband  of  the  countess  dowager  of 
Castlehaven  ],  from  our  lord  the  King,  that  now 
is,  in  free  and  common  socage ;  and  hath,  since  the 
date  of  the  said  letters  pattents,  and  contrary  to  the 
conditions  therein  mentioned,  devised  severall  balliboes 
of  lands  hereunder  mentioned,  unto  the  meere  Irish,  viz., 
Donnell  and  NecU  O'Donnelly  houldeth  the  balliboe 
called  Roscam,  and  doth  pleugh,  pasture,  and  grease  on  the 


same.  Teag  O'Donnelly  houldeth  IJerhagh,  being  one  bal- 
liboe from  Francis  Lowcas,  gent. ,  whoe  houldeth  the  same 
from  the  said  Sir  Pierce.  Patrick  McCawell  houldeth 
Aghnegarry,  being  one  balliboe.  Edward  groom  O'Don- 
nelly houldeth  the  balliboe  called  Cloghfynn,  excepting 
only  the  fourth  parte  thereof,  and  doth  pasture  the  same, 
Phelim  O'Donnelly  houldeth  the  balliboe  called  Cavan- 
reagh.  Neel  Roe  O'Donnelly  houldeth  Tonregue,  being 
one  balliboe.  John  McNemee  houldeth  Eskermore,  being 
one  balliboe.  Cormack  O'Roerty  houldeth  Tatekerron, 
and  Neel  O'Teag  houldeth  Lisboy,  in  manner  as  afore- 
said. Edmund  Magher  houldeth  Ballmenagh,  being  one 
balliboe.  All  the  said  balliboes  are  within  the  said  pro- 
portions of  the  Fews  and  Ballitaken,  and  are  become  for- 
feited to  the  use  of  our  said  lord  the  King.  '*  Inquisitions 
of  Ulster,  Tyrone,  (30)  Car.  I. 

(234).  With  Irish. — On  the  1st  of  May,  1614,  the 
second  Earl  of  Castlehaven  let  his  lands  extensively  to 
Irish  tenants,  whose  names  were  as  follow,  viz.,  Tirlagh 
modder  O'Donnelly,  Bryan  O'Donnelly,  Neal  grome 
O'Donnelly,  Neal  O'Donnelly,  Neal  McGillpatrick  OT)on- 
nelly,  Hugh  McTirlagh  oge  O'Donnelly,  Bryan  McCann, 
Teige  McCaell,  Patrick  McCawell,  Art  McCann,  Edmund 
McDonnell  boy  O'Donnelly,  Donnell  boy  O'Donnelly, 
Neal  grome  O  Donnelly,  Tirlagh  oge  McCawell,  Hugh 
boy  O'Neale,  Neal  Garave  McCowell,  Bryan  McGiU- 
senane,  Bryan  and  Phelim  O'Donnelly.  The  Irish 
above  named  held  generally  extensive  lands,  and  had 
each  a  number  of  sub-tenants.  Indeed,  the  natives  ap« 
pear  to  have  been  favourably  treated  on  this  property, 
which,  perhaps,  may  be  accounted  for  by  the  fact  that 
their  landlord  ,was  at  one  with  them  in  the  matter  of 
religious  belief.  Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Tyrone,  (48) 
Car.  I. 


PYNNAR'S    SURVEY. 


537 


three  Stories  high,  and  finished.  The  Agent  for  the  Earl  showed  me  the  Rent-RoU  of  all  the 
Tenants  that  are  on  these  three  Proportions ;  but  their  estates  are  so  weak  and  uncertain,  that 
they  are  all  leaving  the  Land  These  were  in  Number  64  ;  and  each  of  these  hold  60  acres, 
which  they  term  a  Townland  The  rest  of  the  Land  is  let  to  20  Irish  Gentlemen,  as  appeareth 
by  the  Rent-Roll,  which  is  contrary  to  the  Articles  of  Plantation  ;  and  these  Irish  Gentlemen  have 
under  them,  as  I  was  informed  by  the  Tenants  and  Gentlemen  in  the  Country,  about  3,000  souls 
of  all  sorts. 

CXXXVI.     2,000  Acres. 

Sir  John  Davis^  Knt^  hath  2,000  acres,  called  Gavelagh  and  Clonaghmore  (238)  alias 
Castle  Dirge  and  Castle  Curlews,  Upon  this  Proportion  there  are  built  two  strong  and  fair 
Castles  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  but  no  Bawne  to  them.  Here  I  find  planted  and  estated,  of  Brittish 
Nation, 

Freeholders,  4,  viz., 

1  having  120  acres. 

3  having  60  acres  le  piece.  These   16  Families  ^re  resident 

lessees  for  years,  12,  viz.,  upon  the  Land,  with  some  Tenants 

3  having  60  acres  le  piece.  under  them,  which  in  all  are  able  to 

2  having  60  acres  jointly.  make   30   Men.     The  rest   of  the 


to  this  summons,  the  chancellor  *'was  very  brief  with 
him,  and  accused  him  of  ill  dealing  that  would  lett  lands 
to  the  lady  which  were  questionable."  The  bishop  main* 
tained  that  the  lands  in  question  had  been  held  by  the 
bishopric  for  27  years ;  "but  soon  after  Captain  Mervin 
brouglit  down  a  commission  to  enquire  what  lands  belonged 
to  the  Earle  of  Castlehaven's  proportions  in  the  barony 
of  Oneijjh  [Omagh],  and  so  handled  the  business  with  the 
Irishes  and  natives  that  they  swore  home  for  both  these 
townelands  he  claimed  from  the  bishop,  and  many  more 
townelands  claimed  by  him  of  others.  .  .  Then  there 
was  no  remedy  but  either  to  reduce  the  captain*s  office 
[inquisition]  or  buy  his  pretended  right ;  so  the  bishop 
bought  Mervin's  right  of  these  lands  and  annexed  them  to 
the  bishopric  forever,  and  leased  them  to  the  lady,  for 
which  the  captain  had  fourscore  pounds."  See  the 
Spottir.voode  MisccUany^  vol.  i.,  pp.  140-44.  The  lands 
were  Kder^oole  and  the  others  above  named. 

(238).  Clonaghmore. — Seep.  27 1.  The  proportion  here 
called  Gavelagh  by  Pynnar  appears  in  an  inquisition  as 
Gorz>ettiV^h^  and  the  first  patentee,  Sir  John  Davys,  is  therein 
stated  to  have  died  in  1626.  His  daughter  Lucy,  married 
to  Ferdinand  Lord  Hastings,  afterwards  Earl  of  Hunting- 
ton, inherited  these  two  proportions  in  Tyrone.  {Inqui- 
sitions  of  Ulster,  Tyrone,  (16)  Car  I.)  Captain  John 
Leigh  claimed  from  this  proportion  the  following  lands 
as  belonging  to  the  abbey  of  Omey,  of  which  he  bad 
previously  obtained  a  Crown  grant,  viz.,  Lissalahard, 
Ley  trim,  Labonell,  Lysseline,  Ardvarran,  Culnacrinagh, 
Mallure  Island,  Grenan,  Cloghe,  Ballinlaghtre,  Lurganie, 
and  the  half  balliboe  of  Cuilbuike.  This  difficulty  was 
S   2 


arranged  by  Leigh's  surrender  of  the  lands  in  dispute. 
Carew  reported  another  claimant  against  this  proportion 
as  follows: — "Between  Sir  John  Davys  and  the  Arch- 
bishop of  Cashell  [Myler  Magrath]  for  the  land  called 
Nurebolreogh.  This  lies  in  Tirone,  and  is  severed  from 
Termon  McGrath  by  the  river  Derge,  and  must  be  main- 
tained to  the  undertaker  [Davys],  and  if  the  bishop  have 
any  challenge  let  him  pursue  it  by  suit,  for  the  general 
officers  and  surveys  find  it  for  the  King  as  temporal,  and 
the  bishop  has  nothing  but  two  quarters  of  termon  land 
belonging  to  the  priory  of  Lough  Derge,  which  he  en- 
joys.'^ Referring  to  this  religious  establishment,  it  may 
be  mentioned  that,  in  1632,  by  an  order  from  the  Lords 
Justices,  the  abbey,  the  priory,  and  all  other  buildings  on 
the  island  in  Lough  Derg,  were  demolished.  The  execu- 
tioners of  this  order  were  James  Balfour,Xord  Glenawiey, 
and  Sir  William  Stewart, — (wo  men  ruthlessly  bent  on 
the  use  of  any  means  b^  which  the  native  population  could 
be  insulted.  In  imitation  of  other  national  commissioners, 
these  two  worthies  prepared  a  report  of  their  proceedings, 
in  which  they  detailed  certain  circumstances  connected 
with  their  visit  to  the  island,  recommending,  at  the  same 
time,  such  ulterior  measures  as  they  believed  to  be  neces- 
sary for  its  utter  extinction  as  a  rendezvous  for  religious 
pilgrims.  The  commissioners  state  that,  among  their 
exploits  on  the  island,  they  had  expelled  the  abbot  and 
forty  friars  therefrom,  and  strongly  urge  the  necessitr 
of  having  done  with  the  relic  then  known  as  St.  Patrick^ 
bed,  by  flinging  it  into  the  Lake.  It  is  believed  at  the 
present  day  that  about  15,000  pilgrims  annually  visit 
Lough  Derg  for  religious  purposes.  See  Handbook  of 
South' Western  Donegal,  pp.  90-97. 


538 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


2  having  60  acres  jointly. 

3  having  30  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  60  acres  jointly. 


Land  is  inhabited  with  Irishy  which 
are  in  a  great  Number  (239). 


The  Precinct  of  Clogher,  allotted  to  English  Undertakers.     (See  p.  264). 

["  Precinct  of  Clogher,  Sir  Jliomas  Ridgway^  vice-treasurer  and  treasurer  at  Wars  in  Ireland^ 
undertaker  for  2,000  acres,  has  appeared  in  person.  His  agent  is  Emanuel  Ley,  resident  this 
twelvemonth,  who  is  to  be  made  a  freeholder  under  him.  Sir  Thomas  brought  from  London  and 
Devonshire,  the  4th  May,  1610,  12  carpenters,  mostly  with  wives  and  families,  who  have  since  been 
resident,  employed  in  felling  timber,  brought  by  Patrick  McKenna  of  the  Trugh  [Trough],  countj 
Monaghan,  none  being  in  any  part  of  the  barony  of  Clogher,  or  else  where  nearer  him,  viz.,  700 
trees,  400  boards  and  planks,  besides  a  quantity  of  stone,  timber  for  tenements,  with  timber  ready 
for  the  setting  up  of  a  water-mill.  He  is  erecting  a  wardable  castle  and  houses,  to  be  finished 
about  the  next  Spring.  Ten  masons  work  upon  the  castle,  and  two  smiths.  One  Mr.  Farefax, 
Mr.  Laughton,  Robert  Williams,  Henry  Holland,  and  three  of  said  carpenters  are  to  be  made 


(239).  Great  number, — ^This  state  of  affairs  existed  in 
Davys'  time,  which  was  remarkable,  seeing  that  he,  in 
obeaience  to  the  wishes  of  the  King,  was  professedly 
zealous  to  have  the  Irish  inhabitants  removed  from  the 
proportions  of  all  English  and  Scottish  undertakers.  He 
no  doubt  found,  however,  as  so  many  others  did,  that 
the  Irish  were  the  least  troublesome  and  the  most  liberal 
rent-payers  to  be  found.  We  have  no  record  in  the 
Tyrone  inquisitions  of  the  names  of  British  tenants  in 
Davys's  property  ;  but  we  meet  with  certain  notices  after 
these  lands  had  passed  from  his  family,  in  which  the 
names  of  several  of  his  Irish  tenants  are  preserved.  Thus, 
it  was  found  by  an  inquisition  held  at  Dungannon,  on  the 
4th  of  May,  1 631,  that  "Sir  William  Undale  late  of 
Clonnoghmoor  [Clonaghmore],  in  the  county  of  Tyrone, 
Knight,  and  Sir  John  Stanhope,  Knight,  houldeth  the 
small  proportions  of  Clannaghmoor  and  Garvelagh,  in 
the  barony  of  Oniagh,  containing  2,000  acres,  graunted 
unto  the  said  Sir  William  and  Sir  John,  by  letters  pat- 
tents  from  the  now  King,  in  free  and  common  socage ; 
and  hath  since  the  date  of  the  said  letters  pattents  con- 
trary to  the  conditions  therein  mentioned,  demised, 
graunteil,  and  sett  the  severall  balliboes  and  parcells 
of  land  hereunder  mentioned,  being  within  the  said  pro- 
portions of  Clonaghmore  and  Garvelagh,  unto  the  meere 
Irish,  viz,,  I3r>'an  McRory  and  Fergus  O'Gallaghor 
houldeth  Ardnarvy,  al'  Edinrcagh,  being  one  balliboe, 
from  William  Bastard,  who  houldeth  the  same  from  Sir 
John  Daveese,  and  doe  pleugh,  pasture,  and  graise  upon 
the  same.  Bryan  Roddy  O'Neel  houldeth  Creeduff, 
being  one  balliboe  ;  James  McCoork  houldeth  Corig- 
chackin,  being  one  balliboe.  Patrick  0*Tivanny  and 
Donnagh  McGerrett  houlde  Camegarvagh  and  Aghne- 
mellagh,  being  two  balliboes.  Art  bane  McHugh  houlds 
three  parts  of  the  sessiogh  of  I-ectonycan.  Bryan  Roddy 
O'Neel  houldeth  the  third  parte  of  I^ctonican  and  the  % 
sessiogh  of  Lysleharde.  Philomy  duflfe  O'Neel  houldeth 
the  >i  of  Lyshelin.     Brian  Ballagh  McBryen  and  Arte 


McArte  houldeth  the  balliboe  of  Drumress  from  said 
William  Bastarde  who  houldeth  the  same  from  the  said 
Sir  John  Daveese.  Philemy  dufie  O'Neel  and  R017 
0*Cooltan  houldeth  the  half  towne  of  Dnimbarsy  from 
the  said  William  Bastarde  in  manner  aforesaid.  The 
aforesaid  balliboes  are  within  the  proportions  aforesaid, 
and  are  ploughed,  pastured,  and  grazed  upon  by  the 
afore-named  persons,  being  meere  Irish  contrary  to  the 
conditions  in  the  said  letters  pattents,  for  which  cause  the 
rents  and  profits  of  the  said  balliboes  are  become  for^ 
feited."  Inquisitions  of  Ulstir^  Tyrone,  {32)  Car.  I. 
Lord  Hastings,  the  son-in-law  of  Sir  John  DavYs,  con- 
tinued to  let  lands  to  the  Irish,  so  long  as  he  held  the 
property  in  Tyrone.  "  Patrick  O'Sorraghan  and  others^ 
meere  Irish,  held  by  demise  from  one  Lawrence  Netter- 
ffield,  Esq.,  assignee  unto  the  right  hon.  the  lo.  Hastings^ 
the  balliboe  called  Cookeragh,  in  the  proportion  of  Clon- 
aghmore. Bryan  Oge  0*Neale,  a  meere  Irishman,  held 
by  demise  from  Nicholas  Combe,  assignee  unto  the  said 
lo.  Hastings,  the  balliboe  called  Cloghoge,  ever  since  the 
date  of  the  said  letters  pattents.  AU  said  lands  were  left 
by  the  said  undertakers  and  assignees  onto  Uie  meere 
Irish,  over  and  above  the  fourth  part  allotted  for  them, 
contraiy  to  the  conditions ,  by  virtue  whereof^  the  said 
lands  and  rents,  issues,  and  profitts,  are  become  forfeited 
unto  the  King,  and  his  successors,  in  right  of  the 
Crowne  of  I  reland. "  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  iyrone,  (35) 
Car.  I.  Hastings  soon  disposed  of  these  lands,  as,  on  the 
1 6th  April,  1630,  there  was  a  grant  thereof  to  WUliam 
Unedale  and  Sir  John  Stanhope,  their  heirs  and  asiigni^ 
forever,  of  the  small  proportion  of  Clogfanamoce  [Ckso- 
aghmore],  1,000  acres,  and  1627  acres,  and  other  puceb 
in  the  barony  of  Omey  ;  to  be  held  in  free  nnd  oooinioo 
socage.  The  lands  arc  created  into  a  imukmv  to  be  called 
the  manor  of  Hastings^  and  providing  the  usual  manocial 
powers ;  subject  to  the  plantation  conditions  nad  to  the 
King's  terms  for  renewing  grants  to  ondertaki 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


539 


freeholders.     Other  families  are  resident  wherewith  he  will  perform  all  things  answerable  to  his 
covenants. 

Edward  Kingswell  2,000  ;  has  appeared  at  Dublin  and  taken  possession  personally  ;  returned 
into  England  to  bring  over  his  wife  and  family ;  has  freeholders,  tenants,  and  workmen ;  his  agent, 
William  Roules,  has  money  imprested  for  providing  materials  to  set  forward  all  necessary  works. 
Sir  Francis  Willoughby\  Knight^  2,000  acres  \  has  taken  possession  personally ;  Wm.  Roules  and 
Emanuel  Ley,  in  his  absence,  employed  in  providing  materials  for  buildings ;  200  trees  felled  and 
squared.  George  Ridgway,  1,000  acres ;  took  possession  in  person ;  his  agent  is  resident  since 
March  last ;  some  materials  ready  in  place.  Intends  to  go  forward  with  building  his  bawn.  Some 
freeholders  and  tenants  to  inhabit,  but  no  work  done.  William  Parsons^  the  King's  surveyor, 
1,000  acres;  took  possession  personally;  his  brother,  Fenton  Parsons,  his  agent,  resident  since 
March  last ;  has  provided  materials  for  building ;  has  two  carpenters  and  a  mason,  and  expects 
four  Englishmen  with  their  families  to  come  over  shortly ;  no  work  done.  William  Clegge,  2,000 
acres  ;  has  not  appeared  nor  any  for  him.  It  is  reported  that  he  passed  his  land  to  Sir  Anthony 
Cope,  whose  son  came  to  see  the  same  and  returned  into  England ;  nothing  done.  But  by  letter 
he  desires  to  be  excused,  promising  to  go  on  thoroughly  wdth  his  plantation  next  Spring.  Captain 
JValfer  Edftye,  1,500  acres ;  took  possession  personally ;  his  son-in-law  resident  since  March  last. 
Provision  made  for  building  a  house,  the  foundation  laid.  Six  families  of  English  in  the  kingdom 
that  will  come  to  plant  and  settle  in  next  Spring.  V/illiam  Turven^  1,000  acres;  took  possession 
in  person ;  his  brother  resident  since  March  last ;  has  provided  materials  for  building.  Agreed 
with  four  families  to  come  out  of  England  the  next  Spring  to  plant,  who  promised  to  bring  other 
five  families.  Intends  to  go  shortly  in  hand  with  building  a  bawn  and  a  house,  but  nothing  done 
yet.''     Carew's  Report  of  161 1]. 

CXXXVII.     2,000  Acres. 
The  Ij)rd  Ridgivaie  hath  2,000  acres,  called  Portclare  and  Ballykillygirie  (240).     Upon  this 
Proportion  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  14  feet  square,  with  four  Flankers,  a  Castle  three 


( 240).  Ballykilli^lrte. — In  the  survey  this  name  is]written 
BaHyldri^ir.  Sir  Thomas  Ridgeway,  afterwards  Earl  of 
LondondciT)',  the  first  patentee,  sold  this  proportion,  on 
the  iQih  of  August,  1622,  at  Agher  to  Sir  James  Erskine. 
{Iiiijuisitious  of  Ulster^  Tyrone,  (8)  Car.  I.)  There  is  no 
account  in  the  printed  inquisitions  of  the  subletting  on 
this  jMoperty  by  Ridgeway  or  others  ;  nor  the  buildings 
thereon.  Pynnar's  notice  implies  that  there  were  several 
British  settlers,  in  1620,  before  the  lands  passed  into  Sir 
James  Erskinc's  possession.  (See  also  Inquisitions  of 
Ul>tcr,  Tyrone,  (47)  Car  I.  and  (19)  Car.  II.)  The 
above-mentioned  transaction  between  Ridgeway  and 
Erskine  was  nominally  a  sale  by  the  former  of  these  lands 
to  the  latter,  but  it  was  strictly  an  exchange  of  the  Port- 
clare and  IJallykirgir  estate  for  the  title  and  dignity  of  an 
earldom  of  which  Erskine  had  the  disposal.  (See  p. 
476).  On  the  1 2th  of  July,  1640,  there  was  a  re-grant 
to  Sir  James  Esrkine,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  forever,  of 
the  great  proj^ortions  of  Portclare  and  Ballykiggirr,  con- 
taining 2,000  acres  and  the  small  proportion  of  Bally- 


mckell,  containing  1,000  acres,  and  other  lands  containing 
450  acres  lying  in  the  barony  of  Clogher.  To  be  held  in 
free  and  common  socage.  The  lands  are  created  into  a 
manor  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Favor  Royally  with  the 
usual  manorial  powers,  and  held  according  to  the  condi- 
tions of  plantation,  and  the  instructions  for  renewing  the 
grants  of  undertakers.  The  owner.  Sir  James  Erskine, 
died  in  1636.  His  two  eldest  sons,  Henry  and  John, 
died  without  issue.  His  third  son,  Archibald,  married 
first,  Beatrix  Spottiswoode,  daughter  of  the  Bishop  of 
Clogher,  and  secondly,  Letitia,  daughter  of  Sir  Paul  Gore. 
He  left  one  son,  Thomas,  who  died  without  issue,  under 
the  age  of  eighteen  :  and  two  daughters,  viz.,  Mary,  who 
married  William  Richardson,  Esq.,  and  Anne,  who  be- 
came the  wife  of  John  Moutray,  gent.  The  Moutrays 
own  the  Royall  Favour  estate  at  the  present  day,  and  the 
Richardsons  still  hold  the  lands  known  as  the  Agher 
estate.  (See  Spottisiooode  Miscdlany),  The  feud  be- 
tween Sir  James  Eskine  and  the  Bishop  of  Clogher  (see 
p.    470),  only  ceased  with  the  death  of  the  former,  al- 


540 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


These  20  Families,  with  their 
Undertenants,  are  able  to  make  56 
men  with  Arms. 


Stories  high,  and  an  House  besides ;  all,  with  the  Bawne,  being  of  Lyme  and  Stone.    I  find  planted 
and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
I  having  120  acres. 
I  having  60  acres. 

Lessees  for  Lives,  9,  viz., 
1  having  200  acres. 

1  having  180  acres. 

2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 
4  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

1  having  40  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  9,  viz., 

2  having  86  acres  le  piece. 
7  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

The  said  Lord  Ridgewaie  hath  315  acres  at  the  Agher  (241),  for  the  which  he  is  to  build  a 
Town,  and  hath  performed,  viz.. 

There  are  made  15  Houses,  whereof  two  of  them  are  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  the  rest  are  aU 
Cage  work  and  Couples.  Each  of  these  has  to  their  House  that  be  principal  Burgesses  two  acres 
of  Land,  and  to  them  that  are  single  Burgesses  one  acre,  besides  Commons  for  Cattle ;  the  whole 
number  of  Burgesses  must  be  20. 

CXXXVIII.     1,000  Acres. 
George  Ridgwaie^  Gentleman,  hath    1,000  acres,  called   Thomas   Court  (242).     Here   is  a 


though  his  son  had  married  the  bishop's  daughter.  When 
the  Deputy  Wentworth,  on  one  occasion,  informed  the 
bishop  that  evil  reports  had  reached  Dublin  respecting 
churcn  dilapidations  throughout  the  see  of  Clogher,  that 
meek  prelate  "answered  that  he  knew  so  much  himself, 
and  was  not  ashamed  of  it,  yea,  that  he  gloried  in  it, 
male  audin  ex  mails.  He  acknowledged  that  he  was 
hated  of  divers  of  his  countrymen,  and  namely,  of  the 
Lord  Balfour  and  Sir  James  Areskine,  and  divers  other 
of  his  countrymen  had  sold  themselves  to  work  all  wicked- 
ness, and  were  great  oppressors  of  their  neighbours,  that 
for  his  zeal  to  the  church  and  free  schools,  and  his  relief 
to  his  power  of  them  that  was  wronged,  was  therefore 
hated  of  them,  and  for  this  cause  they  had  stirred  up 
some  ambitious  men,  such  as  were  greedie  of  prefer- 
ment [among  others  Henry  Leslie,  Dean  of  Down,  after- 
wards Bishop  of  Down  and  Connor,  and  eventually 
transferred  to  Meath],  to  detract  him,  and  if  they  could, 
find  cause  to  invade  his  estate  ;  but  now  he  rejoiced  that 
his  Majesty  had  set  such  a  governor  [Wentworth]  over 
them  all,  who  would  ere  long  know  himself  [the  Bishop 
of  Clogher]  better,"  and  his  adversaries  too,  and  what 
everie  one  was  in  their  place.  Soon  after  this  the 
Lord  Balfour  was  complained  of  by  most  of  his  neigh- 
bours, and  there  came  so  many  and  so  dangerous  com- 
plaints against  him,  that  he  shunned  his  tryall,  and  got 


him  over  to  England  to  seek  his  pardon,  where,  after  he 
had  made  away  all  his  estate  to  make  friends,  he  died. 
Sir  James  Areskine,  also  perceaving  he  prevailed  nothing 
by  dampering  [quarrellii^]  with  the  Bishop  of  Cloglier, 
desired  to  be  reconciled  to  the  bishop,  and  soon  after 
died  at  Dublin,  where  the  Bishop  of  Clogher  was  re* 
quested  by  his  sone  and  other  friends  to  make  his  fimerdl 
sermon,  and  did  accordingly.  The  Dean  of  Down 
[Leslie]  was  b^  this  time  preferred  to  be  Bishop  of  Down, 
and  one  day  m  the  castle  of  Dublin,  after  tome  private 
discourse,  prayed  the  Bishop  of  Clogher,  that  now  haag 
brothers,  the  law  of  amnesha  might  take  place  between 
them."  Both  Sir  James  Erskine  and  Dmu  Leslie  had 
endeavoured  to  fasten  the  crime  of  simony  on  the  Bishop 
of  Clogher,  the  latter  averring  that  Leshe  longed  to  gel 
into  the  see  of  Clogher,  in  the  event  of  his  [Spottn* 
woode*s]  removal  or  ejection  therefrom.  Th<n»  theie 
Scottishmen  hated  ana  persecuted  one  another.  See 
the  Spottiswoode  Miscellany^  V0I..L,  p^  I49. 

(241).  Agher,--^^  p.  475 ;  see  also  litfmUUitm  9f 
Ulster,  Tyrone,  (8)  and  (47)  Car.  L ;  and  (l^  Car.  IL 

(242).  Thomas-Court, — This  prop<»tiofi  was  kaowB  ia 
the  survey  as  Ballymackell,  and  was  named 
Court  by  Geoige  Ridgeway,  in  honour  of  his 
Thomas  Ric^way,  above-mentioaed. 


hiotherSir 


^^ 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


541 


Bawne  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  80  feet  square,  having  four  Flankers,  but  no  House  in  it     I  find 
planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholder,  i,  viz., 
I  having  120  acres. 

Lesses  for  3  Lives,  6  viz., 
5  having  120  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  60  acres.  In    toto,    1 1    Families,   able    to 

Lessees  for  years,  4,  viz.,  make  26  Men  with  Arms. 

I  having  60  acres. 
I  having  120  acres. 
I  having  40  acres. 
I  having  30  acres. 

,  CXXXIX.     1,000  Acres. 

William  Turvin  was  the  first  Patentee.  Sir  Gerrard  Lowther^  Knight^  hath  1,000  acres, 
called  Moyenner  and  Ballegalin  (243).  Upon  this,  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Clay  and  Stone,  with  two 
Flankers,  being  8  feet  high  (244).     This  is  let  to  one  Mr,  Fringle,  who  is  dwelling  on  the  Land  in 


sold  this  property  at  Agher,  on  the  19th  August,  1622,  to 
Sir  James  Erskine,  who  purchased  Sir  Thomas  Ridgeway*s 
proportion  of  Portclare  and  Ballykirgir  at  the  same  time 
and  place.  George  Ridgeway  who  was  styled  of  Balli- 
tal-ati^  died  on  the  15th  of  March,  1623,  and  his  brother, 
Sir  Thomas,  Earl  of  Londonderry,  was  his  heir,  and  was 
40  years  of  age  at  the  date  now  mentioned.  It  would 
thus  appear  that  the  latter  had  not  misspent  his  youth,  so 
far  at  least  as  a  prosperous  military  career  could  testify. 
(Inquisitions  of  Ulster,  Tyrone,  (7)  Jac  I.;  (8)  Car.  I.) 
Sir  James  Erskine,  who  was  styled  of  Aghtr^  in  the  county 
of  Tyrone,  died  on  the  2nd  of  February,  1635,  and  was 
succeeded  by  his  son  and  heir,  Archibald,  a  clergyman, 
who  thus  owned  the  proportions  purchased  by  his  father 
from  the  two  Ridgeways,  together  with  the  300  acres  ad- 
joining Agher.  Archibald  Erskine  sold  these  300  acres 
on  the  1st  of  January,  1639,  for  the  sum  of  200/.,  to  \Vm. 
Madden,  gent.  At  Erskine*s  death,  his  entire  estate, 
which  was  known  by  the  designation  of  Favour  Royally 
was  inherited  by  his  only  child  Mary,  who  married  a 
gentleman  named  William  Richardson.  {Inquisitions  of 
Ulster,  Tyrone,  (47)  Car.  I.  ;  (lo,  17,  19)  Car.  II.)  The 
editor  of  the  Spottisiuoode  Aliscellany  affirms  that  Sir 
James  Erskine  died  on  the  5th  of  March,  1636, — which 
would  be  1635  ol^  style,  for  the  year  did  not  then  end 
until  the  24tli  of  March.  The  inquisition  above  quoted 
states  that  he  die<l  on  the  2nd  of  February. 

(243).  Ballegalin . — See  p.  267.  This  proportion,  known 
better  by  its  first  name  of  Moyenner,  had  been  extensively 
let  out  to  Irish  tenants  by  its  first  owner,  Turvin,  and  con- 
tinued lo  be  so  occupied,  no  doubt,  in  Pynnar's  time, 
although  the  latter  makes  no  reference  to  the  subject.  The 
following  are  the  names  of  Turvin's  principal  Iri^  tenants, 
viz.,  Turlough  McRowrye,  Teige  O'Lappan,  Phillomy 
McBrj'an,  Naboesa  McGerr,  Engine  modder  McGerr, 
Murtogh  O'Quyn,  and  Cormac  O'Lappan. 


(244).  Feet  high, — The  inquisition  now  quoted  mentions 
that,  in  1628,  there  stood  at  Tatecosker  a  bawn  whose 
wall  was  z6  feet  high  and  312  feet  in  circuit.  At  this  date 
the  property  belonged  to  Archibald  Hambleton.  On  the 
24th  ot  March,  1028,  there  was  a  surrender  of  this  pro- 
portion by  Archibald  Hamilton,  which  he  had  probably 
purchasea  from  Sir  Gerard  Lowther ;  and  on  the  same 
date  a  re-grant  of  the  estate  to  him,  to  be  held  in  free  and 
common  socage.  The  lands  are  erected  into  a  manor,  to 
be  called  the  manor  of  Moyenner,  with  the  usual  manorial 
powers ;  a  market  every  Thursday  at  Killmorgan,  and  two 
niirs,  to  be  held  respectively  on  the  20th  of  May  and  24th 
August.  To  be  held  according  to  the  conditions  of 
plantation,  and  the  instructions  of  1626  for  renewing 
grants  of  undertakers.  This  Archibald  Hamilton  was 
son  of  Sir  Claude  Hamilton  of  Cochonogh,  in  Scotland. 
He  succeeded  Myler  Magrath  as  archbishop  of  Cashel 
and  bishop  of  Emly,  and  married  dame  Anne  Balfour, 
the  daughter  of  Lord  Balfour,  and  widow  of  Sir  Jolm 
Wemyss,  whose  untimely  death  near  Lisnaskea,  has  been 
already  mentioned.  On  the  outbreak  of  1641,  this  arch- 
bishop Hamilton  was  plundered,  and  obliged  to  escape  for 
his  life.  He  died  at  Stockholm  in  the  year  1659.  His 
second  son,  Hugh  Hamilton,  lived  at  Ballygawley,  or 
Ball]rgally,  in  Tyrone,  and  was  created,  on  Uie  2nd  of 
Marco,  i6<5o^  Baron  Hamilton  of  Glenawly,  in  the  count/ 
of  Fermanagh.  He  married  Susanna,  the  youngest 
daughter  of  Sir  William  Balfour  of  Mountwhany  axKl 
and  Pitcullo,  in  Fifeshire.  Soon  after  his  death,  in  1679^ 
his  widow  married  Henry  Merv3m  of  Trelick,  or  Trillick« 
in  Tyrone.  Baron  Hamilton  left  one  son,  lord  WiUiam, 
who  died  without  issue,  and  several  daughteis,  the 
youngest  of  whom,  Arabella- Susanna,  became  the  wife  ^ 
Sir  John  Magill  of  Gill-hall,  in  the  county  of  Down.  See 
Lodge,  edited  by  Archdall,  voL  ii.,  p.  30a 


542 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


St  poor  Cabbin ;  but  what  Tenants  he  hath  I  know  not,  for  he  refused  to  show  them  unto  me ; 
but  he  brought  after  me  a  List  of  just  20  Tenants ;  but  I  know  not  whether  they  have  any 
estates,  for  the  List  doth  not  make  any  Mention  what  they  hold.  As  I  passed  over  the  Land  I 
saw  divers  ploughing  ;  and  this  is  all  I  can  say  of  him. 

CXL.  1,500  Acres. 
Captain  Edney  was  the  first  Patentee.  The  Lord  Burleigh  hath  1,500  acres,  called  Lough- 
magui/e  (245).  Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawne  of  140  feet  long,  and  60  feet  wide,  with  three 
Flankers,  14  feet  high.  There  is  a  House  within  the  Bawne,  and  a  Castle  began;  all  which 
is  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  being  built  to  the  second  Storie.  This  is  inhabited  with  a  Scottish 
Gentleman.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  5,  viz., 

1  having  120  acres. 

2  having  200  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  67  acres. 

1  having  50  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  10,  viz.,  Total,    19    Families,   who,   with 

2  having  60  acres  le  piece.  their  under   Tenants,  are   able   to 

3  having  200  acres  jointly.  make  60  Men  with  Arms. 
I  having  100  acres. 

4  having  66  acres  le  piece. 

Cottagers  in  Fee,  4, 
Each   of  these   has  a  House    and   Garden   Plott,   and 
greasing  on  the  Commons  for  Cows  and  Garrons. 


(245).  Lough ma^^uife. — See  p.  266.  Pynnar  must  have 
been  mistaken  in  representing  James  Balfour,  Lord  Bur- 
leigh, as  being  owner  of  this  proportion.  The  mistake 
may  have  arisen  from  the  fact  that  an  Alexander  and  James 
Balfoure  had  got  a  lease  of  the  two  balliboes  called  Mullen- 
veall  and  Shraduffe,  from  James  Hamilton,  who  appears  to 
have  owned,  for  a  time,  the  one  half  of  this  proportion  ; 
but  there  is  no  evidence,  so  far  as  we  can  find,  that  Lord 
Burleigh  ever  owned  these  lands.  The  two  original 
patentees  of  this  proportion,  called  in  the  survey  Ballv 
loughmagneefi\  appear  to  have  let  the  lands  freely  to  the 
Irish,  and  evidently  without  much  reference  to  the  condi- 
tions on  this  point,  so  explicitly  put  forward  in  their  letters 
patent.  Thus,  we  find  that  Walter  and  Thomas  Edney, 
on  the  20th  January,  161 3,  at  Ballyloughmagniffi\  let  the 
whole  proportion  so  called  by  the  year,  to  Donnell 
0*NecI,  Con  boy  O'Neel,  Hugh  O'Necl,  and  Art  oge 
O'Necl,  being  mcere  Irishmen.  The  Edneys  afterwards 
distributed  the  several  parcels  of  their  lands  to  the  natives 
hereunder  named,  viz.,  Art  Oge  McHugh  Roe  McMoghan, 
Art  O'Hagan,  Turlough  O'Hagan,  Bryan  McPhilip 
O'Hultaghan,  Hugh  mynagh  McGilpatricke,  Turlough 
grome  O'Quyn  McCacocll,  Laughlyn  O'Quyn,  Donnell 
O'Neile,  Patrick  O'Donnis,  Dirrumick  O'Hagan,  Donnell 
O'Hagan,    Cuconnaght    Maguirc,    Patrick   O'Donnelly, 


Gillygrome  Mynagh,  Con  McTurhigh  O'Neil.  Jj 
Hamilton  who,  for  a  time,  held  the  half  of  the  propor- 
tion,  let  it  off  unto  Alexander  and  James  Balfoare. 
These  tenants  sublet  their  two  balliboes  of  MullenTeal 
and  Shraduffe  to  the  following  Irish,  viz.,  Rosse  boy 
McCabe,  Thomas  Lea  McMahun,  Rory  McNeil  McMft- 
hun,  Phillip  McHugh  McMahun,  Thomas  O'Hullaghaiiy 
Cormack  Roc  O'HuUaghan,  Teig  modder  O'Quyn,  Art 
McHugh  Roc  McMahun.  In  1828,  Sir  Henry  Titch- 
bome  held  this  whole  proportion,  but  had  it  generally  let 
to  natives.  The  balliboes  called  Cullentragh,  Aghe- 
kemcon,  Ballynelurgan,  Lisralise,  -and  Lougfaermore, 
were  considered  most  fit  for  the  occupancy  of  Iri^ 
tenants,  and  were  not  over  the  X  ^f  ^^  propor* 
tion  allowed  to  them  by  law.  {In^msiticns  of  Ulster^ 
Tyrone,  (6)  Car.  I. )  Edney,  the  first  patentee^  probablj 
sold  his  proportion  finally  to  Sir  Heniy  Titchboume,  as 
on  the  7th  of  July,  1629,  a  re-grant  was  made  to  the 
latter,  his  heirs  and  assignes,  forever,  of  the  middle  pro- 
portion of  Ballyloughmagniffe,  containing  i,500acres»  ia 
the  barony  of  Clogher,  and  the  lands  of  GlansawislEe^ 
containing  240  acres,  in  the  barony  of  Strabaae  ;  to  be 
held  in  free  and  common  socas^e.  All  the  premises  are 
erected  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  BUumf* 
bourne^  with  the  usual  manorial  ri^ts ;  a  tan-hoose  at 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


543 


2yOOO. 


CXLI. 

Sir  Francis  Willoughbyy  the  first  Patentee.  John  Leigh  (246)  Esq.^  hath  2,000  acres,  called 
Fcntottagh  (247).  Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  with  two  Flankers; 
and  a  good  large  Stone  House  within  it,  in  which  he  dwelleth.  Near  unto  this  Bawne  there  is  a 
small  Village  consisting  of  8  Houses.  I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish 
Tenants, 

Freeholders,  8,  viz., 
3  having  1 20  acres  le  piece. 


Ballinelurgan  ;  a  weekly  market  there  every  Saturday, 
and  two  fairs  to  be  held  respectively  on  the  Thursday  be- 
fore Whit  Sunday,  and  St.  Martin's  Day,  to  continue 
three  days.  To  be  held  on  the  conditions  of  plantation, 
and  according  to  the  King's  instructions  of  1626  for  the 
renewing  of  grants  to  undertakers. 

(246).  John  Leigh. — See  p.  265.  John,  Edmond,  and 
Daniel  Leigh,  three  brothers,  came  to  Ulster  under  the 
auspices  of  Sir  Henry  Bagenall.  Edmond  died  in  1608. 
Among  the  lands  granted  to  the  two  remaining  brothers 
were  those  that  had  belonged  to  the  abbey  of  Omey,  which 
were  not  known  as  such  by  the  surveyors  of  1608  and  1609. 
I  fence  the  allotment  of  these  lands  to  undertakers.  The 
Leighs  state<l,  in  a  memorial,  that  "some  parcels  of  their 
lands  had,  by  the  oversight  of  the  King's  surveyors,  been  in- 
cluded in  the  grants  to  undertakers,  which,  however,  they 
[the  Leighs]  were  willing  to  resign,  rather  than  disturb 
the  said  undertakers."  The  King  was  so  pleased  with 
tliis  profession  of  readiness  to  suffer  loss  m  the  great 
plantation  cause,  that  he  ordered  Chichester  to  re-grant  to 
the  Leighs  all  their  other  lands  on  their  own  terms.  The 
undertakers  who  had  thus  got  portions  of  the  lands  be- 
longing to  the  Leighs  were  Sir  John  Davys,  Sir  Thomas 
Boyd,  Mr.  Clephane,  George  Hamilton,  and  the  bishop 
of  Derry. 

(247).  Fentonagh. — John  I^igh,  who  purchased  from 
Sir  F.  Willoughby,  died  on  the  loth  of  December, 
1 63 1,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  nephew,  Sir  Arthur 
Leigh,  son  of  his  brother.  Sir  Daniel.  Although 
Pynnar's  report  of  this  proportion,  as  above,  implies  a 
large  number  of  British  freeholders  and  leaseholders 
thereon,  we  have  no  list  of  their  names  in  the  printed 
inquisitions.  Some  information,  however,  is  supplied 
relative  to  certain  Irish  tenants,  who  were  admitted  con- 
trary to  the  law  that  no  undertaker  must  appropriate  more 
than  one-fourth  of  his  proportion  to  such  tenants,  under 
pain  of  forfeiting  the  parts  thus  occupied.  The  following 
was  found  by  inquisition  held  at  Newtowne,  on  the  29th 
of  May,  1632:  —  Edmond  McHugh  O'Neale,  a  meere 
Irishman,  held  by  demise  from  John  Leigh,  deceased,  the 
balliboc  called  Logetegill,  ever  since  the  date  of  certaine 
letters  pattents  graunted  unto  the  said  John,  of  the  manor 
and  proportion  of  Fentonagh,  in  the  barony  of  Clogher, 
as  an  undertaker  in  the  province  of  Ulster.  Phillip 
McCosker,  a  meere  Irishman,  held  by  demise  from  said 
John  Leigh,  the  balliboe  of  Dungoran,  ever  since  the  date 
of  the  said  letters  pattents.  Owen  O'Corran,  carpenter, 
and  Donnogh  O'Corran,  and  others,  meere  Irish,  held  by 


demise  from  the  said  John  Leigh,  the  balliboe  of  land 
called  MuUane,  ever  since  the  date  of  the  said  letters 
pattents.      Phillip   McCosker  held   the  balliboe   called 
Tatmoyle  as  aforesaid.    Tirlagh  McBryan  Carogh O'Neale, 
a  meere  Irishman,  held  from  one  Robert  Bennett  and  hiswyfe, 
assignees  of  the  said  John  Leigh,  the  balliboe  called  Agha- 
fada  as  aforesaid,  Owen  modder  McCarrell,  a  meere  Irish- 
man, held  by  demise  from  the  said  John  Leigh,  the  towne  or 
balliboe  called  Tonaghbane  as  aforesaid .  Phillip  McCosker 
held  by  demise  from  said  John,  the  towne  or  balliboe 
called  Cariglasse  as  aforesaid.     All  and  everie,  the  afore- 
said townes  and  balliboes,  are  lyeing  and  being  within  the 
said  proportion  of  Fentonagh,  and  were  let  and  demised 
by  the  said  John  Leigh  and  his  assignes,  unto  the  said 
meere  Irish,    in  manner  aforesaid,  over  and  above  the 
fourth  parte  allotted  foi*  the  meere  Irish,  in  the  said  Mr. 
John  Leigh  his  letters  pattents,  contrary  to  the  condition 
in  said  letters  pattents.     {Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Tyrone, 
(35)  Car.  I.)     This  proportion,  and  others  in  the  same 
barony  became  the  property  of  a  Captain  James  Mervin, 
who  was  cousin-german  to  the  two  Tuchets,  Sir  Mervyn 
and  Sir  Ferdinando,  who  appear  to  have  disposed  of  their 
lands  in  Clogher  to  a  connexion  named  Sir  Henry  Mervin. 
On  the  29th  of  August,  1626,  Sir  Henry  Mervin  and  Lady 
Christian,  his  wife,  granted  and  conveyed  to  James,  their 
son  and  heir,  the  proportions  of  land  called  Fentena^h, 
Eddergould,  the  Broad  [Brade],  and  Carunrackan,  which 
were  lately  divided  into  three  lordships  or  manors,  called 
Stowye,  Tuchett,  and  Arleston.     To  hold  forever.     On 
the   1st  of  July,   1630,  there  was  a  re-grant  to  James 
Mervin,  his  heirs  and  assigns  forever,  of  four  proportions, 
viz.,    the  great   proportion  of  Brade,  containing  2,000 
acres  ;  the  great  proportion  of  Fentonaghe,  containing 
2,000  acres  ;  and  the  two  small  proportions  of  Edergoole 
and  Carranvracken,  containing  1,000  acres  each ;  also, 
1,440  acres  in  the  barony  of  Omey.     To  be  held  in  free 
and  common  socage.     The  lands  are  created  into  three 
several  manors,  to  be  called  Stoy^   Tuchtt,  and  Arleston, 
The  usual  manorial  powers  ;  a  market  every  Tuesday  at 
Trelicke  in  the  manor  of  Stoy,  and  a  fair  on  the  3rd  of 
May ;  a  market  every  Saturday  at  the  town  of  Tuchet, 
and  a  fair  on  the  25th  of  November ;  a  market  at  the 
town  of  Omagh   in   the  manor  of  Arleston,   on  every 
Wednesday,    and   two  fairs  on   St.    James's   Day  and 
Michaelmas  Day,  to  continue  for  two  days.     Subject  to 
the  conditions  of  plantation,  and  according  to  the  instruc- 
tions of  the  King  for  renewing  the  grants  of  undertakers, 
For  Mervin's  controversy  with  the  bishop  of  Clogher, 
^1^  supra. 


544 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Total,  41  Families,  able  to  make 
48  Men,  which  have  taken  the  Oath 
of  Supremacy. 


2  having  60  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  45  acres  le  piece. 

1  having  60  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  12,  viz., 
4  having  100  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

1  having  120  acres. 

3  having  66  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  40  acres  le  piece. 

Cottagers,  21, 
Each  of  these  has  a  House  and  Garden  Plott,  and  most 
of  them  two  acres,  besides  Commons  for  Cattle. 

CXLIL  2,000  Acres. 
Edward  Kingsmill,  the  first  Patentee.  Sir  William  Stewart,  Knt,,  hath  2,000  acres, 
called  Ballenecoole  and  Balleranally  (248).  Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  large  Strong 
Castle  in  building,  all  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  which  is  now  three  Stories  high,  and  when  it  is 
finished  will  be  the  fairest  Castle  in  the  whole  precinct  He  is  making  a  Bawne  240  feet  in 
length,  and  120  in  breadth,  with  four  Flankers,  being  of  Clay  and  Stone  (249).  He  hath  made  a 
a  Village,  where  are  now  9  Houses,  and  more  are  in^building ;  there  is  good  store  of  Tillage,  and 
and  all  the  Irish  put  from  the  Land  (250).  I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of 
Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  5,  viz., 

1  having  180  acres. 

2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 


(248).  Balleranally. — See  p.  268.  These  names  are 
Ballinecaivly  unA  Ballyranill  in  an  inquisition.  The  grant 
to  Edward  Kinswell  or  Kingswell,  the  first  patentee,  is 
dated  Oct.  28,  1613  ;  and  the  sale  of  the  two  proportions 
was  made  to  Sir  William  Stewart  on  the  loth  May,  1616. 
These  propoitions  are  described  as  "adjoining  tc^ether, 
betwixt  the  church  landof  Clougher  on  the  east  and  south- 
east ;  the  corporation  land  of  Ogher  [Agher]  and  the 
church  land  of  Clougher  on  the  south  and  southwest ; 
the  proportion  of  Ballyloughmagniff  and  the  county  of 
Fermanagh  upon  the  west  and  north-west ;  and  the 
watercourse  called  Lynnyloury  and  the  proportion  of 
Fenlonnagh  on  the  north."  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^ 
Tyrone,  (49)  Car.   L 

(249).  Clay  and  Stone. — There  is  the  following  account 
of  these  buildings  in  the  inquisitions  now  quoted  :— 
**  Since  the  time  of  makinge  the  letters  pattents  there  is 
one  cast  I  c  or  stone  house  erected  on  the  proportion  of 
Ballyranill,  which  conteyneth  in  length  66  foote,  in  breadth 
40  foote,  and  in  height  38  foote,  by  the  measure  of  the 
standard  of  England.  Inhere  is  from  the  said  castle,  at 
either  end  thereof,  erected  a  stone  building,  which  con- 
teyneth in  length  80  foote,  in  breadth  20  foote,  and  in 


height  28  foote,  by  the  measure  aforesaid.  There  is, 
since  the  same  time,  a  bawne  or  stone  ¥raU  erected  round 
about  the  castle  and  other  buildinge,  which  is  12  foote  in 
height,  and  in  circuit  780  foote. 

(250).  From  the  land, — Although  this  arrangement 
was  carried  generally  out,  there  are  a  few  Irish  names 
on  the  list  of  tenants  mentioned  in  the  succeeduo^ 
note.  The  Irish,  in  fact,  were  found  to  be  all  but 
'irrepressible.*  On  these  proportions,  however,  as  on 
others^  there  were  certain  lands  set  apart  as  soitabie 
for  the  Irish  ;  but  which  certain  zealous  anti-Irish  under* 
takers,  like  Sir  William  Stewart,  planted  with  British 
tenants,  when  such  could  be  got.  '*  Of  the  said  pn^wr- 
tions  of  Ballyranill  and  Ballineconoly,  the  baUiboes  of 
Shawntawnmr,  Cleighleam,  Sianson,  Carriclcnqgatt,  Bat* 
lynemurly,  lullnegneden,  Ballynecollagh,  Aghesse,  Bally* 
nenessa,  and  5^  of  Killany,  with  the  mountains  of  Balbf* 
ranuagh,  Ballynecoologh,  and  Mountstewarte,  are  tne 
most  fitt  parts  to  be  let  to  natives."  {^Ibid.)  Sir  Willaas 
Stewart  and  others  who  adopted  a  harsh  policy  towards 
the  natives,  paid  a  heavy  penalty,  in  most  s»*»«»y.^  ^ 
the  outbreak  of  1641. 


jLb..^  .ml 


PYNNAR'S    SURVEY. 


545 


Total,  22  Families,  who,  with 
their  under  Tenants,  are  able  to 
make  64  Men  armed. 


2  having  130  acres  le  piece. 

Less.ees  for  years,  9,  viz., 

1  having  160  acres. 

2  having  60  acres  le  piece. 
4  having  60  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  20  acres. 

I  having  40  acres  (251). 

Cottagers,  8,  viz., 
Each  of  these  has  a  House  and  Garden  Plott,  with  a 
Commons  for  their  Cattle. 

CXLIII.     2,000  Acres. 
Sir  Anthony  Cope  was  the  first  Patentee.     Sir  William  Cope^  Knt,  hath  2,000  acres,  called 
Denibard  {2^2).     Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Clay  and  Stone,  pointed  with  Lyme,  being  ^o 
feet  square,  with  two  Flankers,  and  a  little  House  within  it  uncovered,  all  lying  waste,  and  not 
any  one  English  man  at  all  dwelling  on  the  Land,  but  all  inhabited  with  Irish, 

CXLIV.     1,000  Acres. 
William  Parsons,  Esq.,  hath   1,000  acres,  called  Balleneclogh  (253).     Upon  this  there  is  a 
Bawne  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  being  60  feet  square  and  13  feet  high,  with  two  Flankers.     There  is  in 


(251).  Acres. — Sir  William  Stewart  let  off  his  lands  in 
the  above-named  two  proportions,  as  follows: — On  the 
1st  of  Jiine»  16 1 6,  to  Harbert  Maxwell,  for  a  term  of  21 
years,  the  ballil^oes  called  Mullaghveney,  Proluske,  and 
the  7/^  parts  of  the  townland  of  Killany ;  on  the  1st  of 
Nov.,  1622,  to  David  Barkley,  Esq.,  for  a  term  of  19 
years,  three  balliboes  ;  and  on  the  1st  of  May,  1620,  to 
Robert  Murdogh,  for  a  term  of  five  years,  one  balliboe. 
Iktwccn  the  years  1617  and  1627,  Sir  William  set  lands 
to  llie  tenants  undernamed,  for  terms  varying  from  7  to 
19  years,  viz.,  Michael  McCulIogh,  John  Wilson,  John 
^IcKilnuirry,  David  McKearne,  John  Montgomery, 
Robert  MurdufT,  Phillomy  0*Neele,  William  Meens, 
John  Karns,  Shane  Mule  McGerr,  William  Mome,  Roger 
Meen,  Alex.  Maxwell,  Alex.  McKitrick,  John  Meene, 
Jane  Demster,  Andrew  McCrcr)-,  John  Wright  and  Wm. 
Morrow.  The  only  freeholder  mentioned  in  1628-1630 
was  David  Berckley  or  Barklay,  who  was  afterwards 
knighted,  and  obtained  extensive  lands  from  Sir  William 
Stewart.     Ibid. 

(252).  D.Tribard. — See  p.  268.  Pynnar  is  mistaken  in 
supposfing  that  Sir  Wm.  Cope  here  held  more  than  1,500 
acres.  Sir  Anthony  Cope  died  on  22nd  Nov.,  1617,  and 
his  son  Sir  William,  who  was  then  40  years  of  age,  and 
married,  entered  into  possession  of  these  lands,  consisting 
of  1,000  acres  called  Killayn^  and  500  acres  called  Derri' 
bardc.  {Inquisitions  of  UlsUr^  Tyrone,  (7)  Jac  I.)  The 
only  other  notice  of  these  lands,  from  the  same  source, 
is  the  following  which  implies  that,  previously  to  the  year 
1 63 1,  the  propeny  had  passed  away  from  the  Cope  family: 
Richard  Cooper,  late  of  Derribarde,  in  the  county 
T   2 


<< 


of  Tyrone,  houldeth  the  middle  prof>ortion  of  land  called 
Derribarde  and  Killany,  in  the  barony  of  Clogher,  con- 
tayning  1,500  acres,  granted  to  him  l>y  letters  pattents. 
The  said  Richard  Cooper,  contrary  to  the  intent  and 
effect  of  the  said  letters,  hath  sett  severall  balliboes,  within 
the  said  proportion  unto  the  meere  Irish,  viz.,  Turlough 
groome  McGawell,  held  the  balliboe  called  Rovagh  and 
Graghrafynn ;  Donnell  Dow  McArte  held  the  balliboe 
called  Gracholynn ;  Bryen  McCawell  did  hould  the 
towne  and  balliboe  called  Lysnely;  and  Bryan  0*NeeI 
and  Gilgroome  O'Connogher  held  the  balliboes  called 
Lysnareese,  Derryward,  and  GarvuUagh.  All  the  said 
severall  balliboes  and  parcells  become  forfeit.  Inquisi- 
tions 0/  Ulstef^  Tyrone,  (33),  Car.  I. 

(253).  Ballemclo^h, — Of  affairs  on  this  proportion, 
there  is  no  information  further  than  a  list  of  the  several 
parcels  thereon.  Sir  Wm.  Parsons  died  about  the  1st  of 
January,  1658,  and  his  son,  Sir  Richard,  succeeded, 
being  then  only  two  years  of  age.  {Inquisitions  of  Ulstir^ 
Tyrone,  (i)  Car.  II.)  On  the  28th  of  July,  1629,  he  sur- 
rendered this  proportion,  which  he  had  named  the  manor 
of  Cecill,  with  the  appurtenances,  in  the  barony  of  Clogher, 
and  all  lands,  tenements,  and  hereditaments  whatsoever, 
reputed  to  be  parcel  thereof.  On  the  29th  of  July, 
1029,  there  was  a  re-grant  to  Sir  William  Parsons,  his  heilis 
and  assigns,  forever,  of  1,680  acres  in  the  barony  of  Clogher, 
comprismg  the  manor  of  CecilL  To  be  held  in  free  and 
common  socage ;  with  the  usual  manorial  rights  and 
powers ;  pursuant  to  the  conditions  of  plantation,  and 
according  to  the  instructions  for  re-grants  to  undertakers. 


546  THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

it  a  large  Stone  House,  two  Stories  and  a  half  high,  in  which  his  Brother,  with  his  Wife  and 
Family,  dwelleth.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  three  lives,  i,  viz., 

,      .        o  In  total,  15   Families,  who,  with 

1  havmg  180  acres.  •* 

T  c  o     •  their  under  Tenants,  are  able  to 

Lessees  for  years,  8,  viz.,  ' 

,     .        o    1      •  make  38  Men  armed,  having  taken 

%  havmg  180  le  piece.  ^  »  o 

,     .  ,      .  the  Oath  of  Supremacy,  and  roost 

2  having  120  le  piece.  '^  '' 

,     .      .  ,      .  of  them  dwelling  in  a  Village  con- 

4  having  60  acres  le  piece.  .  °  ^ 

rx  ^^  sisting  of  o  Houses. 

Cottagers,  4,  viz.,  °      ^ 

Each   of  these  has  a  House    and  Garden  Plott,  with 

Commons  for  greasing  their  Cattle. 

The  Precinct  of  Mountjoy^  allotted  to  Scottish  Undertakers.     (See  pp.  285-288), 

["  TJu  Precinct  of  Mountjoy,     The  Lord  Uchelrie  [Ochiltree],  3,000  acres ;  being  stayed  by 
contrary  winds  in  Scotland,  arrived  in  Ireland  (at  the  time  of  our  being  in  Armagh,  upon  our 
return  home),  accompanied  with  33  followers,  gent  [gentlemen]  of  sort  [rank],  a  minister,  some 
tenants,  freeholders,  and  artificers,  unto  whom  he  hath  passed  estates;  and  hath  built  for  his 
present  use  three  houses  of  oak  timber,  one  of  50  foot  long  and  22  wide,  and  two  of  40  foot  long, 
within  an  old  fort,  about  which  he  is  building  a  bawn.     He  has  sundry  men  at  work  providing 
materials,  and  there  are  in  readiness  240  great  trees  felled,  and  some  squared ;  and  is  preparing 
stone,  brick,  and  lime  for  building  a  castle,  which  he  means  to  finish  next  Spring.     There  are  two 
ploughs  going  upon  his  demesne,  with  some  50  cows,  and  three  score  young  heifers  landed  at 
Island  Magy  [Magee],  in  Clandeboy,  which  are  coming  to  his  proportion,  and  some  12  working 
mares;  and  he  intends  to  begin  residence  upon  his  land  the  next  Spring,  as  he  informeth  us. 
Sir  Robert  Hepburne,  Knight^  1,500  acres  ;  sowed  oats  and  barley  the  last  year  upon  his  land,  and 
reaped  this  harvest  40  hogsheads  of  corn;  is  resident;  hath  140  cows,  young  and  old,  in  stock, 
and  8  mares.     Hath  7  householders,  being  in  number  20  persons ;  is  building  a  stone  house  40 
foot  long  and  20  wide,  already  a  story  high,  and  before  the  end  of  this  season  he  intends  to  have 
it  three  stories  high,  and  to  cover  it,  and  the  next  Spring  to  add  another  story  to  it ;  good  store  of 
timber  felled  and  squared,  and  providing  materials  to  finish  the  work.     The  Laird  Lachnorris^ 
1,000  acres ;  being  diseased  himself,  as  we  were  informed,  had  his  agent  here,  Robert  O'Rorke ; 
hath  some  timber  felled,  and  is  preparing  materials  for  building  against  next  Spring.     Bernard 
Lendsey  and  Robert  Lendsey,  1,000  acres  apiece,  have  taken  possession  personally  in  the  Summer, 
i6io,  returned  into  Scotland;  agent,  Robert  Cowties,  resident;  a  timber  house  is  built  on  Robeit 
Lendsey's  portion,  who  hath  three  householders,  being  in  number  12  persons.     Hath  eight  mares 
and  eight  cows  with  their  calves,  and  fivt  oxen,  with  swine  and  other  small  cattle,  and  a  competent 
portion  of  arms.     Robert  Stewart  of  Haulton,  1,000  acres ;  has  appeared  in  person,  baring  bnMi|^ 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


547 


some  people.     Timber  felled,  and  providing  materials  for  building.     Robert  Stewart  of  Robstone 
I, GOO  acres;  has  appeared  in  person,  with  tenants  and  cattle;  timber  felled  and  squared,  and  is 
preparing  materials  for  building. 

"77/<f  Castle  of  Mcuntjoy,  M^n  Lough  Chichester,  beside  the  old  fort,  wherein  are  many 
inhabitants  both  English  and  Irish,  together  with  Sir  Francis  Roe's  foot  Company.  Here  is  a 
fair  Castle  of  stone  and  brick,  covered  with  slate  and  tile,  begun  in  the  late  Queen's  time,  and 
finished  by  his  Majesty.  It  is  compassed  about  by  a  good  strong  rampier  [rampart]  of  E^th,  well 
ditched  and  flanked  with  bulworks.  In  this  castle  Sir  Francis  Roe,  the  constable,  and  his  family 
dwell."     Carew's  Report  in  1611]. 

CXLV.     1,800  Acres. 

Sir  Robert  Heyborne  (254),  Knight^  hath  1,800  acres,  called  CCarragan,  Upon  this 
Proportion  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Clay  and  Stone,  rough  cast  with  Lyme,  the  Walls  not  above  7  feet 
high,  and  a  small  House  within  it,  being  of  Lime  and  Stone ;  also  near  adjoining  to  the  Bawne 
there  are  10  little  Houses  standing  together,  inhabited  with  Brittish  Families.  I  find  planted  and 
estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  6,  viz., 

1  having;  660  acres. 

2  having  240  acres  le  piece. 

3  having  180  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  3,  viz., 


Total,  9  Tenants,  who,  with  their 
Undertenants,  are  able  to  make  26 
Men  with  Arms. 


I  having  180  acres. 
I  having  60  acres. 
I  having  30  acres. 

CLXVI.     3,500  Acres. 
The  Lord  Uchiltree  (255)  hath  3,500  acres,  called  Revelin-Outra  and  Eightra  (256).     There  is 
no  more  done  now  than  was  at  the  last  Survey  ;  the  Castle  is  thatched,  and  the  Lord  absent.     Near 


(254).  IL'yborne. — See  p.  287.  There  are  only  one  or 
two  scraps  of  information  respecting  the  sale  of  certain 
parcels  on  Sir  Robert  Heylx)mes  proportion  to  be 
found  in  the  printed  inquisitions.  Thus,  Sir  Robert,  who 
was  styled  of  KiUaman,  in  the  county  of  Tyrone,  demised 
the  ballibocs  of  Dcrryherke  and  Aghauereske,  on  the  loth 
of  May,  1620,  to  Thomas  Averell,  gent.,  John  Lyford, 
cleric,  and  Michael  Lawrence,  gent.  On  the  same  day, 
Sir  Robert  demised  portions  of  his  lands  also  to  Robert 
Edmonston,  John  Coulson,  llenry  Clarke,  and  William 
Ploughman.  Sir  Robert  Heyborne*s  surname  is  written 
Hebron  in  the  inquisitions.  [^Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Tyrone, 
(11),  (12),  and  (18)  Car.  II.)  This  undertaker  had  parted 
with  all  the  lands  in  his  proportion  before  1629,  as,  on 
the  3rd  of  March,  in  that  year,  letters  patent  were  granted 
to  Henry  Stewart,  and  a  grant  to  him,  his  heirs  and 
assigns,  forever,  of  the  middle  proportion  of  O^Carragan, 
in  the  precinct  of  Mountjoy,  barony  of  Dungannon,  con- 
taining 1,500  acres;  and  60  acres  of  Aghmerisse,  or 
Tawnaghmore,  in  the  same  barony.  To  be  held  in  free 
and  common  socage.     The  lands  are  erected  into  a  manor, 


to  be  called  the  manor  of  Carragan,  with  the  usual 
manorial  powers ;  subject  to  the  conditions  of  plantation, 
and  to  the  terms  for  renewing  the  grants  of  undertakers. 

(255).  Uchiltree. — Andrew  Stewart  had  not  sold  his 
barony  and  title  of  Ochiltree  at  the  lime  of  Pynnar's 
report.  This  sale  was  eflfected  soon  afterwards,  however 
(see  p.  286),  and  he  appears  with  his  new  title  of  Baron 
Castlestewart  throughout  the  printed  inquisitions  relating 
to  the  county  of  Tyrone.  He  died  on  the  30th  of  March, 
1639,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son  and  heir,  also  named 
Andrew.  In  1628,  the  first  Baron  Castlestewart,  for  a 
sum  of  200/.,  sold  to  Gilbert  Kennedy,  gent.,  and  John 
Collis,  the  townes  or  balliboes  of  Kilsally  and  Bally- 
magwier.  Kennedy  and  Collis,  for  the  same  sum,  dis- 
posed of  these  lands  to  Henry  Boyne,  on  the  1st  of  May, 
1638 ;  and  Henry  Boyne*s  son  and  heir,  also  named 
Heniy,  for  the  same  sum  of  200/.,  surrendered  this  little 
property  on  the  loth  of  July,  1655,  ^^  Valentine  Blacker 
of  Carrick,  county  of  Armagh.  George  Blacker,  the 
representative  of  Valentine,  held  Kilsally  and  Ballyma- 
gwier  in  166 1.     He  also,  about  the  year  1658,  bought 


548 


THE    PLANTATIOI*^   IN    ULSTER. 


unto  the  Castle  there  are  a  great  many  poor  Irish  Houses  inhabited  with  Britiish  Families.     I 
find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  7,  viz., 
2  having  180  acres  le.  piece. 
5  having  180  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  12,  viz., 
5  having  120  acres  le  piece. 
7  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

CXLVII.     1,500  Acres. 
Captain  Sander  son  ^  Esq.,  hath  1,000  acres,  called  TuUykgan  (257).     Upon  this  there  is  a 
good  Bawne  of  Clay  and  Stone,  rough  cast  with  Lime,  having  two  Flankers,  and  a  very  good 


Total,  19  Tenants,  who,  with 
their  Undertenants,  are  able  to 
make  80  men. 


two  other  parcels  of  land  called  Ela  and  Killmany,  con- 
taining 200  acres,  which  had  belonged  to  Lord  Castle- 
stewart,  and  were  sold  by  the  latter  for  150/.  in  hand,  and 
a  yearly  rent  of  3/.  for  ever.  The  first  purchaser  from  the 
landlord  was  Christopher  Harrison,  who  sold  to  Thomas 
Dawson,  the  latter  selling  in  turn  to  George  Blacker. 
{[fiquisitiotts  of  Ulster y  Tyrone,  (46)  Car.  L  ;  (14),  (20), 
and  (24)  Car.  IL)  From  this  source  we  have  no  informa- 
tion as  to  the  state  of  affairs  on  the  Castlestewart  estate  ; 
but,  judging  from  Pynnar*s  report,  they  were  gloomy 
enough.  British  settlers  dwelling  permanently  in  Irisn 
houses,  from  which  the  owners  had  been  expelled,  was 
proof  that  these  domiciles  could  not  have  been  so  con- 
temptible as  they  are  so  generally  represented  ;  or,  at 
least,  that  they  must  have  been  better  than  the  settlers 
could  have  had  in  their  own  country.  On  the  26th 
of  February,  1629,  letters  patent  of  denization  were 
issued  to  Andrew  Stewart,  and  a  re-grant  of  three  pro- 
portions, viz. ,  the  great  proportion  of  Revelinowtra,  in 
the  precinct  of  Mountjoy,  barony  of  Dungannon,  con- 
taining 2,000  acres,  with  the  advowson  of  the  church 
of  Donoghenry,  and  the  two  small  proportions  of  Revelin- 
elghtra  and  Halliokevan,  in  the  same  barony,  each  contain- 
infif  1,000  acres.  To  be  held  in  free  and  common  socage. 
The  two  pro|)orlions  of  Revelineightra  and  Revelinowtra 
to  be  erected  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of 
Castlesttivarty  and  the  proportion  of  Balliokevan  to  be 
called  the  manor  of  Forcward ;  with  all  manorial  rights 
and  powers  in  each  case.  A  market  every  Wednesday  at 
Castlestewart,  and  two  fairs,  one  to  be  held  on  the  20th 
of  April,  and  the  other  on  the  20th  of  October,  to  con- 
tinue for  two  days  ;  subject  to  the  conditions  of  planta- 
tion, and  to  the  terms  for  renewing  the  grants  of  under- 
takers. 

(256)  Rrvclin'Outra  and  Eight ra, — To  stock  his  exten- 
sive pasture  lands,  Lord  Ochiltree,  as  stated  by  Carew, 
brought  a  large  supply  of  cows  from  Scotland,  landing 
them  at  Olderfleet  harbour,  and  driving  them  thence  to 
Tyrone.  This  undertaker,  and  others  of  his  class,  who 
brought  cows  with  them  to  Ulster, — some  from  England 
and  some  from  north  of  the  Tweed, — might  have  saved 
the  expense  and  trouble  thus  incurred,  had  they  known 
the  value  of  Irish  cows,  and  how  much  better  they  were 
adapted  to  this  soil  than  such  as  were  imported.     The 


four  'viewers'  sent  here  by  the  Londoners  reported 
that  the  cows  in  northern  Ulster  were  not  inferior 
to  those  of  English  breed.  A  Munster  undertaker  from 
England,  named  Robert  Payne,  writing  to  a  friend  on  the 
subject  of  Irish  cattle,  states,  that  ''you  may  buy  the  best 
Heafers  there,  with  calves  at  their  feete,  for  2Qr.  apeeoe, 
which  are  nothing  inferior  to  the  l)etter  sort  of  Lyncoln- 
shire  breed."  The  same  practical  and  intelligent  observer, 
whose  Briefe  Description  of  Ireland  was  printed  in  1590, 
gives  the  following  estimate  of  what  could  then  be  dfone 
by  the  proper  management  of  a  very  limited  stock : — ••  A 
man  may  be  as  well  and  cleanly  tabled  at  an  English 
house  in  Ireland  for  the  profit  of  five  kine  and  fiftie  sheep, 
all  which  will  be  bought  for  7/.  lOf.,  and  for  the  rent  of 
so  much  land  as  will  keep  them,  which  is  20s.  the  Teere, 
as  at  the  best  ordinarie  in  England  for  6r/.  a  meale,  all 
which  amounteth  but  to  35<r.  dd,  a  yeere,  accounting  2j. 
in  the  pound  for  interest  of  the  stocke.  Women  may  be 
horded  for  the  profite  of  foure  kine,  40  sheepe,  and  idr. 
rent.  Servants  for  three  kine,  thirtie  sheepe,  and  I2x.  renL 
Children  for  two  kine,  20  sheepe,  and  8jr.  renL  Thus 
mav  a  man  that  is  twelve  in  household,  viz.,  himself,  hi» 
wife,  two  servants,  and  eight  children,  be  very  well  tabled 
a  yeere  for  the  profite  of  31  kine,  310  sheepe,  and  6/.  lOr. 
rente ;  all  which  stocke  will  be  bought  for  lesse  thui  6g/. 
The  use  whereof  being  6/.,  the  whole  charge  of  a 
for  12  persons  is  12/.  lOx.,  which  is  2Qf.  and  \od^ 

This  hath  not  been  long  used  there,  but  now  that , 

lishman  thinketh  himselte  happy  that  he  can  make  su^ 
bargaine  with  an  honest  man  :  for  although  that  which  is 
not  every  way  to  the  guest  above  12/.  lor.,  may  make  die 
host,  with  good  husbandrie,  more  than  a  hundred  nuurkcs.** 
See  Tracts  relating  to  Ireland^  published  by  the  Iridi 
Archaeological  Society,  pp.  7,  8. 

(257).  Tullylegan,  —See  p.  288.  There  is  nothing  to 
be  found  concerning  this  undertaker  in  the  inqoisltioiis 
except  that  his  christian  name  was  Alexander  ;  that,  at 
the  time  of  his  death,  his  son  Archibald  ¥ras  of  age^  snd 
married  ;  and  that  the  latter,  for  a  sum  of  aocWL,  sold  two 
parcels  of  the  estate,  called  Ruskey  and  Dona^y,  oa 
the  30th  of  June,  1639,  to  John  Madder.  (limiSii9m  &f 
Ulster,  Tyrone,  (41)  Car.  L  ;  (8)  Car  U.)  On  the  2^1 
of  Nov.,  1630,  letters  patent  of  denization  wer 
Alex.  Saunderson,  and  a  re*graht  of  the  snail 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


549: 


House  of  Lime  and  Stone ;  himself,  with  his  Wife  and  Family,  now  dwelling  there ;  and  about 
him  some  Number  of  Houses  inhabited  with  British  Families.  I  find  planted  and  estated  upon 
this  Land,  oi  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  5,  viz., 

2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

3  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  three  lives,  4,  viz.,  In    total,    16   Families,   able    to 

2  having  120  acres  le  piece.  make  36  Men  with  Arms. 

2  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

Cottagers,  7,  viz., 
These  seven  do  hold  120  acres  among  them  for  21  years. 

CXLVin.     1,000  Acres. 
Mrs.  Lindsey  (258),  late  wife  to  Robert  Lindsey^  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Tullaghoge,     Upon 
this  there  is  a  good  strong  Bawne  of  Earth,  with  a  Quick-set  Hedge  upon  it,  and  a  Ditch  about  it 
There  is  a  Timber  House  within  it,  in  which  she  and  her  Family  dwell.     I  find  planted  and 
estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Birth  and  Descent, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 


of  TuUclegan,  and  all  the  lands  thereunto  belonging,  in 
tlie  precinct  of  Mountjoy  ;  to  be  held  in  free  and  common 
socage.  The  lands  are  created  into  a  manor,  to  be  called 
the  manor  of  Saunderson^  with  the  usual  powers  and 
privileges  of  manors  ;  subject  to  the  conditions  of  planta- 
tation,  and  the  terms  for  renewing  grants  of  undertakers. 

(258).  Alts.  Lindsey. — There  is  no  information  of  this 
lady,  or  of  the  lands  she  held  in  the  district  of  Tullaghoge, 
to  be  found  in  the  printed  inquisitions  relating  to  Tyrone. 
Robert  Lindsey,  the  first  patentee  (see  p.  288),  must  have 
died  in  the  interval  between  the  date  of  the  original  grant 
in  16 10,  and  the  time  Pynnar  had  visited  the  proportion 
of  Tullaghoge, — probably  in  16 19.  As  there  was  a  re- 
grant  of  the  proportion  to  a  Robert  Lindsey,  in  1630,  the 
latter  must  have  been  the  representative  of  the  deceased. 
On  the  1st  of  January,  in  the  year  last  named,  letters 
patent  of  denization  were  issued  to  Robert  Lindsey,  and 
a  grant  to  him  of  the  small  propotion  of  Tulloghoge,  in 
the  precinct  of  Mountjoy,  barony  of  Dungannon,  contain- 
ing i,oco  acres  ;  to  be  held  in  free  and  common  socage. 
The  lands  to  be  created  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the 
manor  of  Lindsey^  with  the  usual  manorial  powers  ;  sub- 
ject to  the  conditions  of  plantation,  and  the  terms  for 
the  renewing  of  grants  to  undertakers.  This  grantee  was, 
most  probably,  the  person  referred  to  in  the  following 
letter  from  the  King  to  the  Irish  deputy,  Falkland,  in 
July,  1629,  although  the  affair  described  took  place  in  a 
neigbouring  county,  but  not  far  distant  from  Lindsey*s 
place  of  residence: — "Whereas,  we  are  informed  by  the 
humble  petition  of  Robert  Lindsey,  our  subject,  that 
about  six  or  seven  years  since  [or  about  1622]  one  Neale 
boy  Milnattclie  of  Clady,  in   the  county  of  Arau^^h}  a 


notable  thief,  having  by  the  highway  robbed  one  William 
Acheson  of  a  sword,  who  having  raised  hue-and-cry  after 
him,  he  fled,  and  ran  away  over  a  bog,  and  the  country 
being  after  him  to  the  number  of  thirty  or  forty  people, 
he  drew  the  said  sword  and  stroke  at  the  constable  and 
others,  refusing  to  be  taken  in  our  name  when  he  was 
commanded  by  the  constable,  and  still  fled  from  bog  to 
bog,  until  at  last  he  entered  into  a  house  in  Ballyleann, 
in  the  said  county,  but  being  followed  by  the  country,  he 
made  fast  the  doors  ;  and  the  said  Lindsey,  amongst  the 
rest  of  the  country,  being  there  and  standing  near  unto 
the  door,  the  said  Neale  refusing  to  come  out  and  be 
taken,  did  let  out  a  thrust  with  the  sword  at  a  hole  near 
the  door,  and  the  sword  pierced  along  the  breast  of  the 
petitioner's  doublet,  but  missed  his  body,  and  the  peti- 
tioner not  seeing  the  man,  did  let  in  another  thmst 
through  the  hole,  with  no  intent  to  hurt  the  said  Neale, 
but  to  scare  him  from  the  door,  that  the  rest  of  the 
people  might  break  open  the  door  the  more  safely ;  but 
so  it  fell  out  that  the  petitioner's  one  thrust  did  lull  the 
said  Neale  dead,  who  never  was  seen  or  known  by  the 
petitioner  in  his  life-time ;  still  the  people  within  the 
house  did  keep  the  door  fast,  not  telling  that  the  said 
Neale  was  killed  or  hurt,  or  that  he  was  there  at  all,  until 
such  titne  as  the  door  was  broken  open,  and  the  said 
Neale  being  found  dead,  contrary  to  expectation,  his 
body  was  presented  to  the  coroner  of  the  shire,  by  whom 
it  was  found  manslaughter  justifiable.  Wherefore,  if  the 
circumstances  alleged  be  true,  we  have  thought  fit  to 
vouchsafe  him  our  princely  recommendation,  requiring 
you  to  cause  our  letters  patent  to  be  made  forth,  con- 
taining a  good  and  effectual  pardon  to  the  said  Robert 
lixidsey." 


550 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Total,  22  Tenants,  able  to  aiake 
30  Men,  with  Arms. 


Lessees,  8,  viz., 
I  having  120  acres. 

1  having  60  acres. 
6  having  120  acres. 

Cottagers,  12,  viz., 
These  hold  among  them  120  acres. 

CXLIX.     1,000  Acres. 
Bernard  Lindsey  was  the  first  Patentee.      Alexander  Richardson  hath  1,000  acres,   called 
Craigballe  (259).     Upon  this  there  is  built  a  Bawne  of  Clay  and  Stone,  being  rough-cast  with 
Lime,  90  feet  square,  with  four  Flankers,  and  a  Timber  House  in  it,  in  which  he,   with   his 
Family,  is  now  dwelling.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 

2  having  1 20  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  4,  viz., 

1  having  120  acres. 

2  having  120  acres  jointly. 
I  having  60  acres. 

Cottagers,  11,  viz., 
Each  of  these  has  a  Tenement  and  Garden  Plott,  and 
Common  for  their  Cattle. 

CL.  1,000  Acres. 
Robert  Stewart  was  the  first  Patentee.  Andrew  Steutart^  son  of  the  Lord  Uchiltree  hath 
1000  acres,  called  BalUnekeuan.  Upon  this  there  is  now  in  building  a  small  Castle  20  feet 
square ;  it  is  two  Stories  high ;  the  Bawne  is  laid  out  to  be  60  feet  square,  and  of  that  there  is 
but  one  of  the  sides  begun,  being  8  feet  high ;  but  the  Workmen  are  hard  at  work,  and  have 
promised  to  make  haste.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
I  having  240  acres. 
I  having  120  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  8,  viz., 

3  having  240  acres  le  piece. 
3  having  120  acres  le  piece. 


In    total,    17    Tenants,   able    to 
make  39  Men  armed. 


Total,  10  Families,  who,  with 
their  Undertenants,  are  able  to 
make  32  Men  with  Arms  (260). 


(259).  Craigballe. — The  inquisitions  relating  to  Tyrone 
mre  silent  in  reference  to  this  proportion  and  its  owner. 
No  change,  therefore,  had  occurred  with  the  Kichardsons  ; 
but  it  is  somewhat  remarkable  that  Lindsey's  sale  of  the 
lands  is  not  recorded,  nor  the  circumstances  connected  with 
Richardson's  taking  possession.  (See  p.  288).  Onthei6th 
ofDecemljer,  1630,  letters  patent  of  denization  were  issued 
lo  Alexander  Richardson,  and  also  a  grant  to  him  of  the 
small  proportion  of  Creige,  in  the  precinct  of  Mountjoy  ; 


to  be  held  in  free  and  common  socage.  The  lands  aie  to 
be  created  into  a  manor,  called  the  manor  of  Riehardmm^ 
with  the  usual  manorial  powers  ;  subject  to  the  conditioni 
of  plantation,  and  the  terms  for  granting  the  renewn^  of 
grants  to  undertakers. 

(260).  With  ^nyix.-^The  affairs  of  this  propoitioii  aic 
unnoticed  in  the  inquisitions,  but  it  no  doubt  tw^^^nn^  |^ 
part  of  the  Castlestewart  estate  at  the  death  of  the  oM 
baron  or  lord,  in  1639.     See  p.  288. 


I.   ■:'^,  ' 


PYNNARS    SURVEY.  55 1 

1  having  60  acres. 

2  having  120  acres  jointly. 

CLI.     1,000  Acres. 
David  KenedaU  (261)  hath  1,000  acres,  called  GortevilL     Upon  this  there  is  a  good  Bawne 
of  Lime  and  Stone  80  feet  square,  with  three  Flankers,  and  a  House  of  Timber  within  it,  in  which 
he  dwelleth.     There  are  about  the  Bawne   12  Houses  inhabited  by  Brittish  Tenants.     I  find 
planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  5,  viz., 

1  having  180  acres.  Total,    16    Families,    who,   with 

2  having  1 20  acres  le  piece.  their  Undertenants,  can  make  36 
2  having  60  acres  le  piece.  Men  armed. 

Cottagers,  9,  viz., 
Each  of  these  has  a  House  and  a  Garden  Plott,  and 
Commons  for  their  Cattle. 

The  Precinct  oi  Dunganon^  allotted  to  Servitors  and  Natives.     (See  pp. 3 15-3 2  2). 

\^' Precinct  of  Dungannon,  Sir  Arthur  Chichester,  now  Lord  Deputy,  has  600  acres  about 
Dungannon,  as  a  servitor,  where  he  intends  to  build  a  castle,  or  strong  house  of  lime  and  stone, 
and  to  environ  the  same  with  a  good  and  substantial  stone  wall  and  a  deep  ditch,  with  a  counter 
scarfe  [scarp]  of  stone  to  hold  up  the  earth.  Has  now  masons  and  workmen  to  take  down  such 
remains  of  the  decayed  ruins  of  the  old  castle  as  are  yet  standing.  (See  p.  252).  Preparations  of 
limestone,  freestone,  &c.,  for  building  in  the  Spring.  Town  to  be  made  a  corporation,  and  there 
are  families  of  English  and  other  civil  men,  who,  for  the  present,  have  built  houses  of  copels,  but 
are  bound  to  build  of  cage-work  or  stone  after  the  English  manner,  and  make  enclosures  about  the 
town.  Sir  Thomas  Ridgtway,  2,000  acres,  as  servitor ;  hath  carpenters  providing  timber  for  building 
next  Spring.  Sir  Richard  Wingfield^  Knight^  Marshal  of  the  Army,  2,000  acres,  as  a  servitor,  has 
great  store  of  timber  for  buildings,  and  will  have  other  materials  ready  by  the  beginning  of  Spring. 
Sir  Toby  Calfield^  Knight^  1,000  acres,  as  servitor,  is.  making  preparations  for  building.  &> 
Francis  Roe,  Knight,  1,000  acres,  as  servitor,  is  providing  materials  for  building.  William  Parsons^ 
r,ooo  acres,  as  servitor,  preparing. to  forward  buildings  next  Spring.  Francis  Ansley,  400  acres,  as 
servitor,  has  made  a  bawn  of  earth  and  sods,  with  convenient  ditch  and  flankers,  and  provided 
timber  to  build  a  substantial  English  house  within  it  Captain  Tyrlagh  (yNcaUy  one  of  the 
nati\es  of  Tyrone,  has   removed,  and  dwells  on  his  lands  in  the  precinct  of  Dunganon,  has  no 

(261).  David  Keneda'ie, — David  Kennedy,  who  appears  small  proportion  of  Gortevelle,  containing  1,000  acres,  in 

to  have  been  an  early  patentee  of  this  proportion,  must  the  precinct  of  Mountjoy.     The  lands  are  created^  into  a 

have  sold  it  soon  after  getting  possession,  but  the  precise  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Syminton,   with  the 

date  of  his  grant  we  have  not  discovered.     On  the  l6th  usual  manorial  powers.     To  be  held  in  free  and  common 

of  December,    1630,  letters   patent  of  denization  were  socage,  subject  to  the  conditions  of  plantation,  and  to  the 

issued  to  John  Syminton^  and  a  grant  to  him  of  the  terms  for  granting  the  renewals  to  undertakers. 


652 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


preparations  for  building,  but  an  Irish  house.     None  of  the  rest  are  removed,  npr  bavc  made  any 
preparations^for  building."     Carew's  Report  in  1611]. 

CLIL  1,140  Acres. 
The  Lord  Chichester  (262)  hath  1,140  acres,  called  Dunganon,  Upon  this  there  is  built  a 
Fort  of  Lime  and  Stone,  120  feet  square,  with  four  half  Bulwarks,  and  a  deep  ditch  about  it  ao 
feet  broad,  and  counterscarped.  There  is  a  Castle  to  be  built  by  Captain  Sandford^  who  hath 
contracted  for  the  finishing  of  it  this  Summer.  Upon  the  Land  without  the  town  there  are  three 
English  Houses,  being  inhabited  with  English  Men. 

CLIIL  500  Acres. 
His  Lordship  \Chichester'\  is  to  build  a  Town  in  Dungannon^  for  which  there  is  laid  out  500 
^cres.  Upon  this  there  are  now  built  9  fair  Stone  Houses,  whereof  one  of  them  hath  a  Stone  Wall 
about  it,  and  there  are  ^ve  more  which  are  now  ready  to  have  the  Roof  set  up.  Also  6  strong 
Timber  Houses  built  of  good  Cage  work,  and  six  more  of  the  same,  which  are  framed  and  ready  to 
be  set  up,  and  are  contracting  for  the  finishing.  There  are  Brittish  Tenants  that  are  for  these 
Houses  when  they  be  built,  that  dwell  in  the  Town  in  small  Cabbins.  There  is  also  a  large 
Church  with  a  Steeple,  all  of  Lime  and  Stone,  now  ready  to  be  covered.  Besides  these  Brittish 
Tenants  within  the  Town  (which  are  30  English  Families),  there  are  36  Irish  which  come  to 
the  Church,  and  have  taken  the  Oath  of  Supremacy. 

CLIV.     2,000  Acres. 
The  ZA>rd  Ridgwaie  hath  2,000  acres,  called  Large  (263).     Upon  this  there  is  built  a  Bawne 


(262).  The  Lord  Chichester. — The  deputy  being  created 
Baron  Chichester  of  Belfast  in  1612,  was  no  longer  known 
as  *Sir  Arthur/  his  more  familiar  title.  In  conferring 
this  honour  upon  him,  the  patent  was  accompanied  by 
the  following  royal  epistle,  intended  to  be  specially  com- 
plimentary: — **As  at  first  you  were  called  by  our  election 
without  seeking  for  it,  to  this  high  place  of  trust  and 
government  of  our  kingdom  of  Ireland,  and  have  so 
nuthfiilly  discharged  the  duties  thereof,  that/  without  any 
desire  of  yours  on  that  behalf,  we  have  thought  fit  to 
continue  you  in  that  employment  these  many  years, 
beyond  the  example  and  custom  of  former  times  ;  so  now 
we  are  pleased,  merely  of  our  own  grace,  without  any 
mediation  of  friends,  without  your  suite  or  ambition,  to 
advance  you  to  the  state  of  a  baron  of  that  kingdom,  in 
acknowledgment  of  your  many  acceptable  services  per- 
formed unto  us  there  ;  and  that  you,  and  all  other  minis- 
ters of  State,  which  serve  us  wheresoever,  may  know  by 
the  instance  of  this  our  favour  to  you,  that  we  observe 
and  discern  their  merits,  and,  accordingly,  do  value  and 
reward  ihem."  This  affair  of  being  made  a  baron  was, 
probably,  not  mucli  cared  for  at  the  time.  Chichester 
was  then  beginning  to  feel  that  he  was  mortal ;  and  not 
long  aflcrwanls  the  disease  under  which  he  was  suffering 
l^ve  him  warning  sufficiently  distinct  that  his  days,  if  not 
to  close  then,  were  certainly  numbered.  This  disease, 
judging  from  its  periodical  symptoms,  was  evidently  what 
is  now  called  dropsy.     In  the  autumn  of  1614  he  suffered 


much,  and  it  was  then  feared  by  his  friends  that  he  would 
succumb.  On  the  24th  of  September,  io  that  year.  Sir 
Oliver  St.  John,  writinqr  to  Winwood,  referred  to  Chi- 
chester's condition  as  follows : — "The  Lord  Deputy  still 
keeps  his  bed,  but  he  [St.  John]  hopes  he  is  on  his  re- 
covery. They  have  made,  ic  is  said,  an  incision  in  the 
lower  part  of  his  belly,  by  direction  and  advice  of  some 
doctors  in  London.  He  had  long  used  to  lace  up  hisl^s 
to  avoid  [prevent]  a  swelling  in  them,  and  so  made  a 
stopp  of  tumours  in  his  body,  which  have  distempered 
him.  Fears  it  is  such  as  promises  no  long  life.**  Bat 
the  deputy,  rallying  from  the  effects  of  his  complaint  fnm 
time  to  time,  survived  nearly  ten  years  af^er  the  date  of 
St.  John's  letter,  as  above  quoted,  dying  in  the  mooth  of 
February,  1624-25.  In  the  interval  between  the  date  of 
his  death  and  of  his  interment  at  Carrickfergiis,  in  the  OcL 
following,  his  chaplain,  Spicer,  prepared  an  Elcgj,  w 
which  the  following  lines  occur : — 
*'  'Tis  well  Knockfergus  stands  upon  a  rocke. 

For  otherM'ise  the  fierce,  impetuous  shocke. 

Of  dismall  outcries,  when  the  Corps  comes  thither. 

Will  make  the  Fort,  and  Wall,  ana  Houses  shiver. 

Or  crumble  into  dust,  like  Jericho^ 

When  Joshua's  rams'  horns  were  observed  to  blow. 

Yes,  the  whole  Realme  will  raise  a  do4elal  cry 

To  make  an  Earthquake  for  his  El^ie !" 

(263).  Large. — ^The  town  of  Aughnadoy  it  now  the 
best  known  and  most  important  pbct  in  thtt  loc^Utf. 


PYNNAR'S    SURVEY. 


553 


of  Lime  and  Stone  i6o  feet  square,  14  high,  with  four  Flankers,  and  a  House  in  it  of  Timber. 
There  are  dwelling  three  English  Families  upon  the  Land,  near  to  the  Bawne. 

CLV.     1,000  Acres. 

Sir  Toby  Caulficid  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Ballidonnell  (264),  whereunto  is  added,  besides 
what  was  certified  by  Sir  Josias  Bodley  (see  p.  449),  a  fair  House  or  Castle,  the  Front  whereof  is 
80  feet  in  length  and  28  feet  in  breadth  from  out  side  to  out  side,  two  Cross  Ends  50  feet  in 
length  and  28  feet  in  breadth  ;  the  Walls  are  five  feet  thick  in  the  Bottom,  and  four  at  the  Top ; 
ver>'  good  Cellars  underground,  and  all  the  Windows  of  hewn  Stone.  Between  the  two  Cross 
Ends  there  goeth  a  Wall,  which  is  18  feet  high,  and  maketh  a  small  Court  within  the  Building. 
This  Work  at  this  Time  is  but  13  feet  high,  and  a  number  of  Men  at  Work  for  the  sudden 
finishing  of  it.  There  is  also  a  Stone  Bridge  over  the  River,  which  is  of  Lime  and  Stone,  with 
strong  Buttcrises  for  the  supporting  of  it.  And  to  this  is  joined  a  good  Water  Mill  for  Com,  all 
built  of  Lime  and  Stone.  This  is  at  this  time  the  fairest  building  that  I  have  seen.  Near  unto 
this  Bawn  there  is  built  a  Town,  in  which  there  are  15  English  Families,  who  are  able  to  make  20 
Men  with  Arms. 

CLVI.     1,000  Acres. 

Sir  Francis  Roe,  Knt.^  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Manor  Roe  (265).  Upon  this  there  is  a 
good  Bawne  of  Earth,  80  feet  long,  and  60  feet  broad,  with  a  Quick-set  [Hedge]  set  upon  it, 
and  a  good  deep  Ditch  about  it.  There  is  within  it  a  very  good  small  House  of  Brick  and  Stone, 
inhabited  by  an  English  Gentleman  and  his  Family.  There  are  also  about  the  Bawne  17 
Houses,  which  are  inhabited  with  Brittish  Tenants,  who  have  estates  for  years,  and  have  taken 
the  Oach  of  Supremacy. 

CLVIL     1,000  Acres. 

William  Parsons^  Esq.y  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Altedesert  (266).  Upon  this  here  is  a  Bawne 
of  Stone  and  Lyme,  70  feet  square,  with  two  Flankers,  with  a  House  within  it,  wherein  is  dwelling 


(264).  BaUidonneU, — For  an  account  of  the  Cauliielcl 
estates  sec  p.  316  ;  see  also  Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Tyrone, 
{2)  and  (4)  Jac.  I.  The  principal  village  in  this  district 
is  known  as  Castlecaulfield.  In  1644,  the  whole  country 
about  was  deserted  and  desolate.  Friar  O'Mellan  of 
Brantry  prior}',  in  his  journal  of  the  war  in  that  year, 
states  that  "towards  the  end  of  the  Autumn,  when  the 
<:orn  was  all  shed,  or  burnt,  and  the  houses  destroyed, 
some  of  the  creaghts  ventured  to  return  to  the  country, 
particularly  the  McKennas,  namely,  Neall  of  the  race  oif 
PI  ugh,  came  to  the  Fcws  ;  Turlough  0*Neill  McBryan  to 
Tyrany  ;  Patrick  modder  O'Donnelly  to  Bally donnelly, 
and  many  others."  (See  Translation  p.  49).  Bally- 
donnelly  is  still  the  name  of  the  townland  or  parcel  from 
which  this  whole  proportion  of  Sir  Toby  Caulfield  took  its 
name,  situate  in  the  parish  of  Donaghmore,  and  about  two 
miles  westward  of  the  town  of  Dungannon.  Ballydonnelly 
anciently  contained  a  stronghold  of  the  0'Donnell)rs  and 
its  lands,  comprising  about  I, COG  acres,  and  owned  by  that 
sept,  were  granted  by  Elizabeth  to  Sir  Toby  Caulfield,  who 
selected  the  site  of  the  old  Irish  lort  as  the  position  on 
U   2 


which,  in  1614,  he  built  the  castle  as  above  described  by 
Pynnar,  and  which  was  afterwards  known  as  Castlecaul- 
field. To  this  building  the  second  Lord  Charlemont 
added  a  strong  keep  and  a  large  gatehouse  with  towers. 
In  1641,  whilst  Toby,  the  third  Lord  Charlemont,  was 
absent  in  command  of  the  fort  of  Charlemont  on  the 
Blackwater,  Castlecaulfield  was  captured,  burned,  and 
demolished  by  Patrick  0*Donneily,  known  as  modder^ 
or  the  'gloomy,*  above  named.  The  present  village  of 
Castlecaulfield  stands  on  what  is  known  as  the  low  rood 
from  Dungannon  to  Omagh. 

(265).  Manor  Roe, — See  p.  316.  On  the  30th  June, 
1616,  Sir  Francis  Roe  or  Kowe,  enfeoffed  Sir  Garrett 
Moore  Viscount  Drogheda,  Sir  Roger  Johnes,  Sir  Nicholas 
White,  and  George  White  of  Dundalk,  as  trustees,  to  ad- 
minister his  property  for  his  OMrn  use  during  his  life,  and 
afterwards  for  that  of  his  wife,  Margaret  Roe  or  Rowe. 
Inquisiiiotis  of  Ulster^  Tyrone,  (17)  Car.  L 

(266).  Altidaert,  —  Thb  proportion  was  originally 
granted  by  some  other  name,  which,  however,  we  are 
unable  to  discover. 


554 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


an  English  Man  and  his  Family.     The  rest  of  the  Land  is  inhabited  with  Insh^  for  he  hath  it  as 
a  Servitor,  and  is  leased  for  a  certain  Number  of  years  and  certain  Rents. 

CLVIII.     480  Acres. 
Sir  Francis  Ansley^  Knt^  halh  480  acres,  called  Clanaghrie,     Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawne  of 
Sodds,  intrenched  about  (267). 

CLIX.  2,000  Acres. 
The  Lord  Wingfield  hath  2,000  acres,  called  Benburb  (268).  Upon  this  there  is  built  a 
Bawne  of  Lyme  and  St6ne,  120  feet  square,  14  feet  high,  with  two  Flankers,  in  which  there  is 
built  in  each  a  good  House,  three  Stories  high,  and  is  inhabited  with  an  English  Gentleman,  with 
his  Wife  and  Family.  There  is  also  a  Church  in  building,  70  feet  long  and  24  feet  broad,  with  8 
large  Windows,  and  is  now  ready  to  have  the  Roof  set  up.  There  are  also  28  Fnglish  Families 
dwelling  on  the  Lands,  which  are  able  to  make  30  Men  with  Arms. 

CLX.     4,000  Acres. 
Tirlagh  (JNeale  (269)  hath  4,000  acres.     Upon  this  he  hath  made  a  Piece  of  a  Bawne,  which 
is  five  feet  high,  and  hath  been  so  a  long  time.     He  hath  made  no  estates  to  his  Tenants,  and  all 
of  them  do  plough  after  the  Irish  Manner. 


(267).  Intretuhed  about. — Annesley  probably  held  on 
by  this  portion  during  his  life,  as  no  change  in  the  owner- 
ship  appears  in  any  printed  inquisition  relating  to  Tyrone. 
Clanaghrie  was  a  small  territory  or  district  in  Tyrone, 
bordering  on  the  western  margin  of  Lough  Neagh,  and 
included  in  the  present  parish  of  Clonoe,  which  parish 
lies  on  the  east  border  of  the  barony  of  Dungannon,  two 
miles  south-south-east  of  Stewartstown,  and  so  indented 
by  adjoi  ing  parishes  as  to  present  a  most  irregular  out- 
line.  The  surface  extends  from  the  Blackwater  down 
part  of  the  western  side  of  Lough  Neagh,  or  round  the 
curve  of  what  is  known  as  Washing  Bay  ;  and  a  little 
river,  which  rises  in  the  vicinity  of  Stewartstown, 
crosses  this  district  in  its  course  to  Lough  Neagh.  On 
this  brook  stands  the  old  castle  of  Mountjoy  ;  and  at  a 
little  distance  south-east  is  the  village  of  Brockagh.  The 
surface  generally  is  low  and  marshy,  one  third  being  still 
unreclaimed  bog.  One  of  its  roads  passes  down  the  shore 
of  the  lough,  and  two  others,   starting  from  Brockagh, 

fo  in  different  directions  to  Stewartstown  and  Coal- 
sland.  The  old  district  of  Clanaghrie  is  still  known  as 
Manor-AntusUyy  and  the  lord  of  the  manor  is  bound  in 
perpttuo  to  pay  £\o  yearly  to  a  school  in  the  district. 

(268).  Henlntrb. — The  owner  of  this  proportion  in 
Pynnar's  time  was  Edward  Lord  Wingfield,  son  of  Sir 
Richard  Wingfield,  the  well-known  commander-in-chief 
(sec  p.  315).  On  the  30th  of  September,  161 5,  he  sold  the 
properly  to  Nicholas  While  for  the  term  of  1,100  years. 
\lnquisitions  of  Ulster^  Tyrone,  (44)  Car.  L)  This  pro- 
portion comprised  nearly  all  the  present  parish  of  Clon- 
feacle,  in  the  barony  of  Dungannon.  In  this  imme- 
diate district  was  fought  a  celebrated  battle  between 
the  native  Irish  and  the  army  of  the  Government,  in 
the  yeir  1646,  the  latter  being  entirely  defeated. 
The  well-known  Irish  general,  Owen  Roe  O'Neill, 
son  of   Art    McBaron,    commanded   the  native  troops 


on  that  occasion,  and  exhorted  the  latter  to  fisiit 
valiantly  against  the  English  and  Scottish  enemies,  **tor 
it  is  they,  '  said  he,  *'  who  have  deprived  you  of  joar 
chiefs,  your  children,  your  life,  both  spiritual  and  tem- 
poral ;  who  have  torn  from  you  your  lands,  and  made 
you  wandering  fugitives.*'  In  the  conflict  which  ensued, 
I^rd  Blayney,  and  an  English  regiment  under  his  com- 
mand were  literally  annihilated  ;  Lord  Montgomery  of 
the  Ards  and  21  officers  were  captured  alive,  whilst 
upwards  of  3,000  English  and  Scottish  soldiers  were 
slain  on  the  field  and  in  the  pursuit.  In  the  oourse  of 
the  next  day  or  two  after  this  engagement  at  Benbarfa^ 
several  parties  of  stragglers,  who  had  fallen  out  of  their 
ranks  in  the  retreat,  were  cut  off  by  the  native  troops. 
Friar  0*Mellon  specifies  a  few  instances.  "Part  of  the 
fugitives,"  says  he,  "were  drowned  in  the  Avonmoie 
and  in  the  lough  of  Knocknacloy.  Even  those  of  the 
enemy  who  were  only  wounded  did  not  escape  ;  scarcdj 
any  of  them  reached  their  homes,  but  perished  in  the 
wilds.  Thirteen  horsemen  were  killed  in  Betagh  countiy. 
A  company  [of  the  Irish]  who  were  coming  from  Lough 
Sheelin  after  the  army,  killed  five  and  twenty  of  them 
[the  English  soldiery].  Thomas  Sandford,  a  fieatenant- 
colonel,  killed  24  of  them  above  Armaeh.  Fifhr-«evcn 
more  were  destroyed  by  Henry  O'Neill  at  the  foot  of  a  glen. 
Many  others  were  found  dead  without  having  receivMraiiv 
wounds. "  See  Translation  of  (y Mellon* s  ^uf  nal^  pi  6a 
(269).  Tirlagh  CNeale, — This  was  the  eldest  son  of 
Sir  Arthur  O'Neill  of  Newtown,  and  grandson  of  Tiria^ 
Luineach  O'Neill  of  Strabane,  chiefs  of  the  Stni  Artt, 
(Sec  pp.  96,  316,  317).  Tirlagh,  first  named,  had  been 
removed  from  his  own  castle  and  lands  in  the  baroc^of 
Strabane,  and  placed  in  the  barony  of  Dungannon.  The 
lands  of  Tirlagh  O'Neill  were  erected  into  the  maDor  of 
Cashlan,  and  contained  the  small  territory  known  •» 
Brantry,  in  one  tOMmland  of  which  was  Uift  wcll-kMf«A 


> 


PYNNARS    SURVEY.  555 

County  of  Ardmagh. 

The  Precinct  of  Oneilariy  allotted  to  English  Undertakers.     (See  pp.  259-264). 

["  The  Precinct  of  (JNeiian  [Oneilanl.  The  Lord  Saye  and  Seale,  3,000  acres ;  has  made 
over  his  portion  to  Sir  Anthony  Cope,  Knight,  who  has  sent  over  a  very  sufficient  overseer  named 
William  Pearson,  with  another  to  assist,  who  are  resident.  They  have  begun  a  fair  castle  of 
freestone,  and  other  hard  stone,  14  or  15  workmen,  and  9  carpenters  employed.  Great  part  of  the 
freestone  for  the  coynes  and  windows  are  prepared  4  or  5  miles  beyond  Armagh.  Two  English 
cans  or  teams  with  horsXJS  and  oxen  attend  the  drawing  of  materials.  There  are  20  muskets  and 
calivers,  with  competent  furniture  ready  upon  all  occasions.  The  way  for  carriage  of  timber,  which 
is  five  miles,  is  made  passable,  and  so  is  the  way  to  the  freestone,  which  is  8  miles  from  the  place. 
Two  of  the  principal  workmen  are  to  be  made  freeholders,  the  rest  are  to  have  land  upon  reason- 
able terms.  Sixteen  mares  and  horses  employed  in  carriage  of  materials.  John  Brownlow^  ii5oo 
acres,  and  his  son  William  Brownlout,  1,000  acres ;  both  resident,  and  dwelling  in  an  Irish  house. 
Have  brought  over  six  carpenters,  one  mason,  a  tailor,  and  six  workmen ;  one  freeholder  and  six 
tenants  upon  their  land.  Preparations  to  build  two  ba^vns.  Some  muskets  and  other  arms  in 
readiness.  Afr.  Pomell^  2,000  acres;  has  put  over  his  land  to  Mr.  Roulstone.  No  freeholders 
nor  artificers  are  drawn  upon  it,  nor  w-ork  done,  save  the  building  of  two  bays  of  a  house.  When 
we  were  in  the  North,  one  William  Banister,  presented  himself  before  us  as  agent  for  Powell,  and 
said  that  preparations  were  being  made  for  building  a  house  and  bawn,  that  divers  Englishmen  had 
promised  to  come  over  and  inhabit  his  land. 

"The  preceding  part  certified  by  Sir  Toby  Calfield  and  the  Sheriff  before  we  went  our  journey. 

'^Francis  Sechet'erell,  2,000  acres;  is  resident;  has  brought  over  three  masons,  one  carpenter, 
one  smith,  nine  labourers,  and  two  women;  four  horses  and  a  cart;  no  freeholders  or  other 
tenants.  Has  drawn  stone  and  other  materials  to  the  place  where  he  intends  to  build.  Certified 
by  Sir  Toby  Calfield  and  the  Sheriff  before  we  went  the  journey,  but  upon  our  coming  into  the 
countr}',  Secheverell  adds  to  his  certificate  that  he  has  built  three  houses  and  placed  tenants  in 
them,  and  is  building  a  stone  house,  and  has  competent  arms  in  his  house.  Mr.  Sfanhawe, 
1,500  acres;  was  here,  took  possession,  and  returned  into  England.  His  son,  Stephen  Stanhawe, 
overseer  in  his  absence,  has  done  nothing.  Mr.  James  Matchett,  1,000  acres;  his  eldest  son, 
Daniel  Matchett,  age  24  years,  agent,  resident  since  Michaelmas,  16 10.  Two  freeholders  upon 
the  land,  but  no  tenants  or  labourers.  Certified  by  Sir  Toby  Calfield  and  the  Sheriff  before  our 
journey,  since  which  time  he  added  to  his  certificate  that  he  has  begun  a  bawn,  and  intends  to 
finish  it  before  Allhallowtide,  and  to  effect  what  is  required  by  the  articles.  Has  provided 
materials  for  buildings ;  has  9  horses  and  other  beasts  ready  to  draw  the  same  to  his  work ;  has 
arms  for  10  men.     Mr.  John  Dyllon^  i»5oo  acres ;  is  resident  with  his  wife,  children,  and  family. 

friary  of  that  name.     The  principal  part  of  these  lands  estates  of  the  latter  include  the  proportions  assigned  in 

soon  came  to  tlie  CaulHelds,  as  well  as  those  of  Henry  the  plantation  arrangements  to  Henry,  the  eldest  son  of 

McShane  O'Neill.     The  manor  of  Cashlan  was  passed  to  Shane  O'Neill,  and   Tirlagh,  the  grandson  of  Tirlagh 

Lord  Caulfield  under  the  Act  of  Settlement,  and  thus  the  Luineach  O'NeilL 


556 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


Brought  over  22  Englishmen,  with  their  wives,  children,  and  servants,  with  52  English  cows,  15 
horses  for  work,  6  carpenters,  three  masons,  7  labourers,  and  two  women  servants.  Has  felled 
oaks,  small  and  great.  All  this  was  certified  by  Sir  Toby  Calfield  and  the  Sheriff,  but,  at  our  being 
in  the  North,  Dillon  adds  that  he  has  built  a  strong  bawn,  with  houses  for  lodgings  and  to  keep 
provisions  in,  and  is  well  stored  with  arms  and  munition,  Mr,  Rouhtoriy  1,000  acres  ;  is  resident ; 
has  timber  buildings  after  the  English  fashion.  There  are  three  men  of  good  sort  resident,  who 
shall  be  freeholders,  whereof  one  has  built  a  house  of  stone  and  clay.  Seven  poor  Englishmen, 
with  their  wives,  children,  and  some  servants,  who  are  to  be  tenants.  They  have  four  English 
cows,  and  eight  horses  for  ploughing,  among  them  all."    CareVs  Report  in  161 1.] 

CLXI.     2,500  Acres. 
Wiliiam  Bromlow  (270),  Esq,^  hath  two  Proportions  (271),  viz.,  Doufcoran^  being  1,500  acres, 
and  Bally nemony^  1,000  acres.     Upon  the  Proportion  oi  Bally netnony  there  is  a  strong  Stone  House 


(270).  Bromlow. — Carew  records  the  substance  of  a 
dispute  between  this  undertaker  and  a  Captain  Edward 
Trevor  about  six  balliboes  supposed  by  the  latter  to  have 
belonged  to  the  county  of  Down.  **Upon  the  two 
general  surveys  made,"  says  Carew,  ** these  were  found 
to  be  in  Co.  Ardmagh,  and  so  presented  by  the  juries 
(notwithstanding  Sir  Ar.  Maginesse  at  the  first  survey  [of 
1608]  made  all  the  opposition  he  could),  for  that  it  ap- 
peared  they  had  been  in  possession  of  the  Neales  [O'Neills] 
tor  many  years,  and,  accordingly,  cast  into  proportions,  and 
so  passed  to  Brownlowe,  as  a  British  undertaker,  at  the 
rent  of  40J.  English,  to  hold  in  free  and  common  socage. 
These  lands  being  not  thought  to  be  the  same,  were 
passed  to  Captain  Trevor  as  part  of  Evagh  [Iveagh]  in 
Co.  Downe,  at  the  rent  of  4/.  icxr.  sterling,  to  hold 
in  capitf.  But  if  the  King  will  have  the  British  under- 
taker maintained  in  possession,  your  I^ordship  may  be 
pleased  to  consider  Captain  Trevor  some  other  way,  and 
so  free  the  undertaker  from  controversy.  The  like  [dispute] 
between  the  said  Brownlow  and  Sir  Ar.  Maginesse,  for 
six  other  balliboes  claimed  by  Sir  Arthur  as  lying  in  Co. 
Downe.  Sir  Ar.  has  no  estate  as  yet  in  these  from  the 
Crown,  and  therefore  your  Lordship  may  be  pleased  to 
stay  these  out  of  his  grant  to  avoid  the  undertaker's  in- 
cumbrance. " 

(271).  Ttoo  Proportions. — These  two  proportions  be- 
longed at  first  to  William  Brownlow,  and  his  father,  John 
Brownlow  (see  pp.  260,  261,.  262).  On  the  death  of  the 
Utter,  William  became  lord  or  owner  of  both,  and  ap- 
pears, from  this  report  by  Pynnar,  to  have  been  a  success- 
ful planter.  No  list  of  his  British  tenants'  names  appears 
in  the  printed  inquisitions,  for  no  change  had  occurred 
permanently  to  aflect  the  family  possession.  '*Such  was 
the  origin,  says  Dr.  Stuart,  "of  the  flourishing  settle- 
ment in  the  district  which  surrounds  Lurgan, — a  beautiful 
town,  which  at  present  [181 9]  is  nearly  a  mile  in  length, 
and  contains  379  houses  and  2,207  inhabitants."  (See 
History  of  Armagh ^  p.  637).  In  1 620,  Pynnar  reported 
that  there  was  **not  one  Irish  family  on  all  the  lands;" 
but  Sir  William  Brownlow  must  have  soon  afterwards 

S 'elded  to  the  temptation  (which  no  undertakers   could 
ng  withstand)  of  the  high  rents  and  ready  payments 
yielded  by  native  tenants,  for  it  was  found  by  inquisition 


that,  in  1630,  he  had  more  than  the  permitted  number  of 
this  class  on  his  estates.      The  following   extract  will 
explain    this     point    with    sufHcient    clearness : — "The 
fourth    parte    of    the     tow^neland    called    Tobcrheinie, 
lyinge  in  the  proportion  of  Duncarron,  barrony  of  Nellane 
[Oneilan],  and  county  of  Armagh,  hath,  since  the  date 
of  the  letters  pattents,  been  occupied,  grased,  and  depas* 
tured  by  Teig  O'Corr  and  others,  meere  Irishmen,   who 
have  inhabited  the  same  untill  May  last  past.     The  towne- 
land  called  Derryenvirr,  within  the  foresaid  proportion^  is 
occupied  by  Phellemy  Oge  O'Neyle,  a  meere  Irishman. 
Neile  McMurfie,    a  meere   Irishman,   hath   been   erer 
sithence   resident   upon   the  half   towne   and    lands  of 
Ballinemony,   parcell  of  the  proportion  of  Duncarron, 
and  now  doth  plowe,  pasture,  and  grase  the  same.     All 
and  everie  the  townes  and  parcells  of  land  aforementioned, 
are  undertaker's  land  withm  the  province  of  Ulster ;  and 
by  letters  pattents,   bearinge  date  the  8th  year  of  his 
Maties  raigne,  have  been  granted  to  Sir  William  Bromloe^ 
knight,  as  undertaker,  within  the  said  province,  uppon 
condition  that  if  he  would  allien  or  let  the  same  to  amr 
person,  being  meere  Irish,  or  such  as  are  not  of  the  Britiu 
discent,  or  let  any  agistment,  pasturage,  or  common  of 
pasture,  to  any  of  the  meere  Irish,  over  and  above  the 
fourth  part  of  the  said  proportion  of  Duncarron,  that  then 
it  should  be  lawful  for  the  King,  his  heirs  and  successors^ 
to  take  as  by  the  said  letters  appeareih.     All  the  afore* 
mentioned  towns  have  been  occupied  by  Irishmen,  and 
he,  the  said  Sir  William,  the  said  condition  hath  broken, 
whereby  the  said  sevcrall  townes  have  become  forfeited  to 
the  King."   {Inquisiticns  of  Ulster^  Armagh,  (19)  Car.  I.) 
Sir  William  Brownlow,  who  was  styled  of  BmnuUm^t 
Dtrrvt  county  of  Armagh,  died  on  the  aoth  Tannaiy, 
1660,  leaving  his  estate  to  Letitia  Brownlow  al'  Clyntoo, 
during  her  own  life,   and   remainder  in  fee  to  Arthur 
Chaniberlaine,  who  was  probably  his  nephew,  and  who 
was  then  sixteen  years  of  age.     He  also  left  120  acres  ia 
the  barony  of  Oner  to  a  nephew  named  William  Draper. 
(Inquisitions  of  Ulster ^  Armagh,  (7)  and  10)  Car.  II.)    Oa 
the  22nd  of  June,  1629,  there  had  been  a  re-gnmt  to  Sir 
William  Brownlow,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  forever,  of  tht 
middle  proportion  of  Donshooran,  ami  tht  small  ptopoi* 
tion  of  Ballynemonj,  in  Uie  baioi^  of  0*N«lai^  tm  ht 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


555^ 


within  a  good  Island;  and  at  Dowcoran  there  is  a  very  fair  House  of  Stone  and  Brick,  with  good 
Lyme,  and  hath  a  Strong  Bawne  of  Timber  and  Earth,  with  a  Pallazado  about  it  There  is  now 
laid  in  readiness  both  Lyme  and  Stone  to  make  a  Bawne  thereof,  which  is  promised  to  be  done- 
this  Summer.  He  hath  made  a  very  fair  Town,  consisting  of  42  Houses,  all  which  are  inhabited 
with  English  Families,  and  the  streets  all  paved  clean  through ;  also  two  Water  Mills,  and  a  Wind 
Mill,  all  for  corn  ;  and  he  hath  Store  of  Arms  in  his  House.  I  find  planted  and  estated  on  this 
Land,  of  Brittish  Families, 

Lessees  for  years,  52,  viz., 
I  having  420  acres. 
I  having  300  acres. 
I  having  240  acres. 
3  having  200  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  120  acres. 
13  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

8  having  50  acres  le  piece. 
6  having  40  acres  le  piece. 
6  having  30  acres  le  piece. 

9  having  26  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  100  acres. 
I  having  11  acres. 

I  having  5  acres. 

Freeholders,  5,  viz., 
5  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

CLXn.     1,000  Acres, 
Sir  Oliver  St.  fohn^  Knty  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Keman  (272).     Upon  this  there  are  two 
Bawnes  of  Timber,  and  moated  about,  and  made  very  strong.      There  is  in  each  of  these  an 
English  House  of  Cage  work,  and  two  English  Families  dwelling  in  them  (273) ;  there  are  near  to 


Total,  57  Families,  who  have 
divers  under  them;  and  all  these 
have  taken  the  Oath  of  Supremacy, 
and  are  able  to  make  100  Men  with 
Arms.  There  is  also  good  store  of 
Tillage,  and  not  one  Irish  Family 
upon  all  the  Land 


held  in  free  and  common  socage.  The  premises  to  be 
erected  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Brownlow 
Deny,  with  the  usual  manorial  powers ;  a  market  every 
Friday  at  Ballilurgan,  and  two  fairs,  one  on  the  feast  of 
St.  James  and  the  other  on  the  feast  of  St.  Martin,  sub- 
ject to  the  conditions  of  plantation,  and  to  the  terms  for 
renewing  grants  to  undertakers. 

(272).  Keman. — The  first  patentee  of  this  proportion 
was  a  clergyman  named  Matcnett  (see  p.  261),  who  "for 
valuable  consideration  to  him  given  by  the  said  Lord  Vis- 
count Grandison  [Sir  Oliver  St.  John],  did  by  his  deed 
of  feoflment,  dcwly  executed,  infcoffc  and  confirm  the 
said  manor  of  Kerhanan,  within  the  precinct  of  Clan- 
brassill  and  baronye  of  Onclande,  unto  the  said  Viscount 
Grandison  and  his  heirs  forever."  In^uUiiicnsof  Ulster^ 
Armagh,  (7)  Jac.  I. 

(273).  /)weliing  in  tfum.  — The  inquisition  abovequoted 
mentions  the  buildings  on  this  proportion  in  the  following 


terms: — "  At  the  time  of  making  the  said  letters  pattents 
[30th  May,  16 10]  to  the  said  J^ames  [Matchett^  and  be- 
fore the  day  of  taking  this  inquisition  [Jan.  22,  1621]^  the 
said  Viscount  Grandison  and  his  assigns,  and  they  whose 
estate  he  hath,  have  built  upon  the  said  manor  one  bawne 
or  fort  of  earth  cast  up,  four  square,  strengthened  with 
pallizadoes,  and  within  the  same  bawne  built  up  a  good 
English-like  house,  and  twenty  more  English  houses, 
being  all  inhabited  with  English  families,  and  hath  also 
built  up  a  water  mylle  upon  the  river  runninge  through 
the  lands  of  Balteagh,  being  parcell  of  the  said  propor- 
tion." Lord  Grandison  appointed  the  persons  whose 
names  are  underwritten  as  his  trustees,  viz.,  Henry 
Docwra,  baron  of  Culmore,  Francis  Aungier,  baron  of 
Lon^oid,  Edward  Blayney,  baron  of  Monaghan,  Sir 
William  Parsons,  Sir  Falke  Conway,  Sir  Edwara  Trevor, 
Edward  Bolton,  £^.,  and  Sir  Marmaduke  Whitech^rch. 
{JnqmsUiom  of  Ulster ^  Armagh,  (19)  Car.  L)    On  tlM 


558 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


one  of  these  Bawnes  5  Houses,  being  inhabited  with  English  Families ;  the  rest  are  dispersedly  on 
the  Land,  three  or  four  Families  together.  I  find  planted  and  estated  on  this  Land,  of  Brittish 
Tenants, 

Freeholders,  5,  viz., 
5  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  8,  viz., 

2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

3  having  100  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  60  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  40  acres. 

Cottagers,  4,  viz.. 
Each  of  these  has  a  Tenement  and  a  Garden  Plott,  with 
Commons  for  their  Cattle. 


Total,  17  Families,  who,  with 
their  Under  Tenants,  are  able  to 
make  30  Men  with  Arms;  and  15  of 
these  have  taken  the  Oath  of  Supxe^ 
macy. 


CLXIII.  2,000  Acres. 
William  P(nvdl'^2&  first  Patentee.  Air.  Obbyns  (274)  hath  2,000  acres,  called  BalUnevoran^ 
Upon  this  there  is  built  a  Bawne  of  Sodds,  with  a  Pallazado  upon  it  of  Boards,  ditched  about. 
Within  this  there  is  a  good  fair  House  of  Brick  and  Lyme,  himself  dwelling  thereon ;  near  to 
this  he  hath  built  four  Houses,  inhabited  with  English  Families.  I  find  planted  and  estated  00 
this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 


4th  of  September,  1630,  there  was  a  re-grant  to  Oliver 
St  John,  Viscount  Grandison,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  for 
ever,  of  the  small  proportion  of  Kerhanan  alias  Kernan, 
in  the  barony  of  O'Neillan,  containing  1,000  acres,  and  the 
balliboe  of  Knockballyneboy ;  to  be  held  in  free  and 
common  socage.  The  lands  are  erected  into  a  manor,  to 
be  called  the  manor  of  Kerhattan  or  Kernan ;  with  the 
usual  manorial  powers  ;  subject  to  the  conditions  of  plan- 
tation, and  to  the  terms  for  renewing  of  grants  of  under- 
takers. **  To  this  establishment,"  says  Dr.  Stuart,  **we 
trace  the  prosperous  settlement  at  the  manor  of  Kernan, 
betwixt  Knock-Bridge  and  Lurgan."  (See  History  of 
Arma^hf  p.  637).  Grandison  died  in  Feb.  1630-31,  and 
was  succeeded  by  his  nephew  John  St.  John,  who  was  of 
age,  and  married,  at  the  time  of  his  uncle's  death. 

(274).  Mr.  Obbyns. — Seepp.  261, 262.  Michael  Obbyns, 
styled  of  Bally  warren  al'  Portadowne,  county  of  Armagh, 
was  the  purchaser  of  PowelPs  estate.  He  died  on  26th 
of  Sept,  1629;  and  letters  patent  for  the  property  were 
obtained  by  his  widow  Prudence  Obbyns,  and  his  son, 
John  Obbyns.  The  lady  died  on  5lh  April,  1635,  and 
her  son  on  the  14th  of  May  following.  Hamlet  Obbyns 
was  only  six  months  old  when  his  father  died.  The 
mother  of  this  child  was  Eliza  Waldron,  who  had  a  join- 
ture on  the  estate.  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Armagh,  (22) 
and  (35)  Car.  I.)  On  the  13th  July,  1 631,  there  had  been 
are-grant  of  this  estate  to  Prudence  and  John  O'Byns,  his 
heirs  and  assigns,  for  ever,  of  620  acres  in  the  barony  of 
O'Ncalan  ;  to  be  held  in  free  and  common  socage.  The 
lands  are  created  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of 
Batlywarren^  with  the  usual  manorial  rights  and  powers  ; 


a  market  every  Saturday,  and  two  fairs  at  Portedownc^ 
one  on  the  1st  of  November,  and  the  other  on  the  feast  of 
Pentecost,  to  continue  for  two  days.  The  lands  to  be 
held  on  the  conditions  of  the  plantation,  and  according 
to  the  terms  for  renewing  the  grants  of  undertakers.  The 
lands  of  this  proportion  originally  consisted  of  i^ooo 
acres,  but  Michael  Obbyns,  or  0*Byns,  was  obliged  to 
relinquish  a  part  of  his  estate  in  payment  of  debt  In  a 
letter  from  the  King  to  Falkland,  dated  October  14. 
1626,  this  matter  is  noticed  as  follows: — "Whereas  we 
have  received  an  humble  petition  from  one  Robert  Horse- 
man, Esquire,  showing  that  he  obtained  a  judgment  of 
200/.  in  our  Court  of  King's  Bench,  in  this  our  realm 
[England],  against  one  Michael  Obyns,  gentleman,  and 

ftrocured  an  exemplification  thereof  in  that  our  kingdom 
Ireland],  the  said  Obyns  having  removed  himself  thither* 
and  that  sithence  the  ^id  Obyns  was  thei^  saed  to  the 
outlawry  by  the  petitioner,  several  writs  being  issued,  and 
four  inquisitions  taken,  at  the  petitioner's  great  ' 
The  goods  and  lands  of  the  said  Obyns  are 
forfeited  unto  us  ;  and  we,  taking  gracious 
of  the  petitioner's  case,  are  pleas^  to  grant  onto  him  the 
benefit  accrued  unto  us  by  the  same,  thereoat  he  may  be 
satisfied  his  just  debt,  together  with  such  chaiges  as  he 
hath  undergone,  &c"  This  debt,  with  the  expenses  of 
recovering  it,  swallowed  up  380  acres  of  Michael  O'^wT 
proportion,  but  the  remaining  620  acres  were  re-grantad 
to  his  widow  and  son.  Referring  to  Pynnar'k  aocoont  of 
Ballenevoran  as  above.  Dr.  Stuart  says: — "Soch  was  tht 
original  settlement  of  the  Protestant  coJooj  of  Poctadows.'* 
See  History  of  Armagh^  p.  637. 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


559 


These  20  Tenants,  with  their 
Undertenants,  are  able  to  make  40 
Men  with  Arms. 


Freeholders,  5,  viz., 

3  having  120  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  100  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  15,  viz., 

4  having  100  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

3  having  66  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  40  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  30  acres  le  piece. 

3  having  100  acres  jointly. 

CLXIV.  3,000  Acres. 
The  Lord  Say  was  the  first  Patentee.  Mr.  Cope  hath  3,000  acres,  called  Derrycravy  and 
DromuUy  (275).  Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  180  feet  square,  14  feet  high, 
with  four  Flankers;  and  in  three  of  them  he  hath  built  very  good  Lodgings,  which  are  three  Stories 
high.  There  are  also  two  Water  Mills  and  one  Wind  Mill ;  and  near  to  the  Bawne  he  had  built 
14  Houses  of  Timber,  which  are  inhabited  with  English  Families.  I  find  planted  and  estated 
upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  6,  viz., 

1  having  200  acres. 

3  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  34,  viz., 

3  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

4  having  100  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  80  acres  le  piece. 


(275).  DromuUy> — These  proportions  are  named  in  one 
inquisition  Derrycreeny  and  Dromcully^  and  in  another 
Darycrceny  and  DerrymuUy.  Their  owner,  Anthony 
Cope,  or  Sir  Anthony  Cope,  died  about  the  year  1630, 
and  was  succeeded  by  his  son  Henry,  who  was  15  years 
old  at  the  lime  of  his  father's  death.  From  Pynnar's  Re- 
port, the  plantation  of  these  lands  would  appear  to  have 
been  fully  made  by  the  introduction  of  so  many  British 
settlers,  but  their  names,  with  three  exceptions,  are  not 
recorded  in  any  printed  inquisitions  relating  to  Armagh. 
These  three  names  were  Symon  Gevers  [Cheevers?], 
George  Bridge,  and  John  Adams.  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster^ 
Armagh,  (ii)  and  (30)  Car.  I.)  Henry  Cope,  who  must 
have  died  young,  was  succeeded  by  Anthony  Cope,  prob- 
ably a  brother.  The  latter  died  in  August,  1642,  his  son 
and  heir,  also  named  Anthony,  being  only  three  years 
old  at  the  time  of  his  father's  death,  {ibiti,^  (I2)  Car.  H.) 
On  the  15th  of  October,  1629,  there  was  a  re-erant  to 
Anthony  Cope,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  forever,  of  the  great 
proportion  of  Derrycrev}%  and  the  small  proportion  of 
bromully,  in  the  barony  of  O'Nelan  ;  to  be  held  in  free 
and   common  socage.      The  lands  are  created  into  a 


manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  of  Derrycreevy  and  Dro» 
mully,  with  the  usual  manorial  powers,  including 
liberty  to  tan  leather,  and  hold  a  market  every  Fn- 
day  at  Loughgall  alias  TuUyard,  in  the  barony  of  0*NeUn; 
and  two  fairs,  one  to  be  held  on  Ascension  Day,  and 
the  other  on  the  feast  of  St.  Bartholomew,  to  continue 
for  two  days.  The  lands  to  be  held  subject  to  the  con- 
ditions of  plantation,  and  according  to  the  terms  for 
the  renewal  of  the  grants  of  the  undertakers.  The  two 
proportions  as  nam^  above  by  Pynnar,  ''have  been,"  savs 
Dr.  Stuart,  **  during  two  centuries  the  property  of  the 
ancient  family  of  the  Copes,  whose  ancestor  [Sir  Anthonj 
Cope]  possessed  3,000  acres  in  that  district.  .  .  Such 
was  the  origin  of  the  Protestant  colony  in  the  thickly- 
inhabited  district  of  Drumilly  and  Loughgall.  This  was, 
for  a  considerable  time,  the  most  flourishing  and  the  most 
defensible  plantation  in  Ulster ;  but  on  the  23rd  of  May, 
1643,  Loughgall  was  burned  in  a  battle  fought  by  tne 
Scottish  general,  Monroe,  with  [against]  Sir  Phelim 
O'Neal  and  Owen  Roe  O'Nial."  [O'NeiU].  History  of 
Armagh,  p.  637. 


S60 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


These  47  Families,  with 
under  Tenants,  are  able  to  make  80 
Men  with  Arms.  There  are  x8  of 
these  have  taken  the  Oath  of  Supie- 

macy. 


3  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

1  having  55  acres. 

2  having  50  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  40  acres  le  piece. 
7  having  30  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  25  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  23  acres  le  piece. 

1  having  44  acres. 

3  having  20  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  10  acres  le  piece. 

Cottagers,  7,  viz., 

5  having  3  acres  le  piece, 
i  having  2  acres. 

s  having  one  acre  le  piece,  with  Commons  for  their  Cattle. 

CLXV.     1,000  Acres. 
Richard  Roulstone  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Semore  (276).     Upon  this  there  is  a  Bairne  of 
Sodds,  with  a  Pallazado,  and  moated  about,  and  a  little  House  in  it,  inhabited  with  an  En^Uh 
Family;    and  near  to  the  Bawne  he  hath  made  9  Houses,  which  are  inhabited  with  English 
Tenants.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
2  having  120  acres  le  piece.  Total,    10    Families,    who    with 

lessees  for  years,  8.  viz.,  t^eir  under  Tenants,  are   able  to 

6  having  120  acres  le  piece.  make  24  Men  with  Arms. 
I  having  20  acres. 

I  having  12  acres  (277). 


(276).  Semore, — See  pp.  259,  260.  This  proportion  \t 
tailed  Teeniore  in  the  survey,  both  words,  however,  having 
all  but  the  same  meaning, — the  *  great  seat*  and  the  'great 
house.* 

(277.  /frfv.f.— On  the  24thof  Oct.,  1611,  the  landlord, 
Rolleston,  enfeoflcd  Thomas  Tatton  in  ahouse  and  parcel  of 
land  called  '*ayardcplott"in  Marlacoweor  Magheralough- 
eoo,  and  also  in  land  known  as  '*  Tatton 's  parte,"  for  the 
termof  his  [Tatton *r]  natural  life.  On  the  20th of  Februanr, 
t6ll,  he  enfeoffed  Richard  Fulhvoofl  and  Mary,  his  wife, 
in  100  acres,  parcel  of  Marlacowe.  On  the  2nd  of  March, 
tame  year,  he  enfeoffed  Richanl  Moore  in  60  acres,  parcel 
of  the  lands  called  Moyrourkan  ;  and  in  10  acres,  parcel 
of  Marlacowe.  On  the  loth  of  March,  same  year,  he 
enfeoffed  William  Bannister  in  120  acres  of  the  lands 
called  Downemedder,  and  20  acres  of  wood  and  under- 
wood in  Marlacowe.  'J'hese  tenants  were  thus  made 
freeholders.  On  the  20th  July,  16 13,  Rollcstone  leased 
to  Sir  John  Boucher,  for  a  term  of  21  years,  the  lands 
called  Bally voraghan  and  Dromart,  half  of  Moyrourkan 
and  Dromnemcddcr,  an<l  the  whole  of  Tonaghmore.  On 
the  loth  of  Se])tember,  he  leased  to  Thomas  Rawbone, 


15  aoret  In  Marlacowe,  for  a  term  of  at  Teaia.  On  Um 
1st  of  July,  161 5,  he  leased  to  Thomas  Wiiaoa  tte  lialf 
quarter  of  Magherlecowe,  for  the  term  Of  Wi;*toii't  life, 
and  the  life  of  Wdliam  Wigson,  63n  of  Godfrey  WimiL 
On  the  i6th  of  February,  1611,  he  leased  to  Kalph 
Swinfin,  the  lands  called  Aghoorier«  for  the  term  of  41 
yean.  Of  the  lands  so  called  portions  were  a!fo  let  to 
Nich.  and  Felim  O'Quinn  for  the  term  of  one  j«u. 
(/(M</).  In  Carew's  report  of  161 1,  there  is  the  foUowtaf 
passage  referring  to  this  clergyman: — "Richard  Rollettoae 
complains  that  he  wants  haJf  a  balliboe  [abont  64  acres  ift 
the  county  of  Armagh]  of  his  full  proportion  of  1,000 
acres,  the  half  plou^land  of  Teemore  being  pat  npoo 
him  for  a  whole  town,  wherein  he  desires  to  be  satisoed 
according  to  the  full  intent  of  the  plantation.  He  hoi 
more  English  acres  by  measure  than  his  full  propoitinil 
by  much  (which,  if  he  will  be  at  the  chaise,  I  will  ploive 
by  measure),  and  has  accepted  them  swe  fhu  sne  m ' 
and  must  expect  no  more  parcelfi  hating  In  troth 
land  than,  by  a  strict  measure,  he  pays  rent  for***  C 
also  records  the  following  dispute  :*— "Botweett  HOMy 
Acheson  and  Richard  RoUestone  for  tht  tomu  PnMla]  tf 


PYNNAR'S    SURVEY. 


56l 


CLXVI. ,  2,000  Acres. 
John  Heron  hath  2,000  acres,  called  AgiviUan  and  Brochus  (278).      Upon  this  he  hath  built 
two  small  Bawnes  of  Earth,  with  a  Pallazado  upon  them,  and  a  Ditch  about  them  (279) ;  and  near 
unto  each  of  these  Bawnes  he  hath  built  Houses  which  are  inhabited  with  English  Families.     I 
find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholder,  i,  viz., 
I  having  180  acres. 

Lessees  for  Years,  12,  viz., 

1  having  120  acres.  Total,    13   Families,  which,  with 

2  having  30  acres  le  piece.  their   under  Tenants,   are  abl^  to 

3  having  20  acres  le  piece.  make  26  Men  with  Arms. 

2  having  15  acres  le  piece. 

3  having  10  acres  le  piece  (280). 
I  having  60  acres. 

CLXVIL     1,500  Acres. 
William  Stanhowe  hath  1,500  acres,  called  Kannagoolan  (281).     Here  is  nothing  at  all  built ; 


Dirruthora,  which  is  passed  by  that  name  in  both  their 
patents,  they  being  undertakers  in  several  [two]  different 
baronies.  I  think  this  is  doubly  passed,  being  found  by 
the  same  name  in  two  baronies  ;  and  therefore  I  thought 
tliere  were  two  balliboes  of  that  name,  and  took  hold 
thereof  lest  the  King  might  be  abused  ;  but  now,  as  I 
fmd  it  but  one,  the  one  must  lose  it,  and  be  abated  so 
much  rent ;  which  of  them  your  lordship  shall  think 
meet."  It  turned  out  that  the  divine  had  more  land  at 
last  than  he  could  manage  or  retain  possession  of.  He 
was  soon  obliged  to  mortgage  his  whole  proportion,  or 
estate,  to  Sir  Francis  Annesley,  for  a  sum  of  420/.,  on  con- 
dition that  when  this  sum,  with  interest  thereon,  would 
be  repaid,  he  was  again  to  resume  possession  of  the  pro- 
perty. Although  it  was  believed  that  RoUestone  had 
fulfilled  this  condition,  he  never  could  get  back  his  lands 
from  Annesley.  An  order  to  restore  the  estate  to  RoUe- 
stone was  afterwards  issued  by  the  Earl  of  Strafford 
when  lx)rd  Lieutenant  of  Ireland,  but  resisted  success- 
fully by  Annesley.  This  order  actually  formed  the  sixth 
Article  of  Imjjcachment  against  Strafford  on  his  trial  in 
1642.  RoUestone  dwelt  at  Magherlecoo  (see  p.  259 J,  and 
left  a  family  of  six  sons  and  one  daughter.  His  eldest 
son,  Henry,  died  without  issue.  Four  of  the  others, 
named  respectively  Edward,  Richard,  Ralph,  and  Thomas, 
perished  on  the  outbreak  of  the  war  in  1641.  His 
youngest  son,  John,  left  a  family,  which  was  represented 
in  1862  by  James  Franck  Rolleston,  of  Franckfort  Castle, 
King's  county.     See  Burke's  Z<i«</<r</  Gentry^  p.  1 29 1. 

(278).  Brochus. — This  proportion  is  called  Agh-IvUlan 
in  the  survey,  Brochus  or  Broghes  being  also  a  well- 
known  parcel  in  the  district.  John  Heron,  the  first 
patentee,  died  on  the  1st  of  August,  1616,  and  was  suc- 
ceeded by  his  brother,  Sir  Edward  Heron.  The  latter, 
joined  by  William  Heron,  a  younger  brother,  sold  these 
lands  to  John  Dillon,  a  neighbouring  proprietor,  on  the 
V  2 


25th  of  March,    1620.     Inquisitions  of  Ulster ^  Armagh, 
(5)  Car.  I. 

(279).  Ditch  about  them.  The  inquisition  above  quoted 
states  that  there  was  built  on  the  parcel  of  land  called 
Ballenraye,  a  capital  messuage,  or  mansion-house,  of 
stone  and  lime,  60  feet  in  length,  and  20  in  width,  by 
John  Dillon  and  the  assigns  of  John  Heron. 

(280).  Le  fnece. — ^John  Heron,  on  the  28th  of  October, 
161 2,  gave  m  fee  to  John  Hastings,  the  lands  called 
Drummenon,  Maggarada,  Cranegill,  and  Annaghmore ; 
and  on  the  20th  January,  1 6 14,  he  leased  to  the  same  person 
the  lands  of  Dromanefav,  for  a  term  of  21  years.  On  the 
1st  of  May,  same  year,  ne  le^ised  the  lands  of  Cannaneale 
to  Egid.  Blacklocke,  for  21  years.  On  the  6th  of  Aug., 
1616,  he  leased  to  David  Morgan  the  lands  called  Cap- 
poney,  for  three  lives,  viz.,  of  the  tenant  and  his  two 
children,  Margaret  and  John  Morgan.  On  the  15th  of 
January,  in  the  same  year,  he  leased  to  Robert  Stone  a 
house  and  six  acres  of  land  in  Annaghgoragh  for  three 
lives,  viz.,  of  Nath.  Stones,  John  Stones,  and  Richaxd 
Burkett.     Inquisitions  of  Ulster ,  Armagh,  (5)  Car.  I. 

(281).  Kannagoolan, — See  p.  263.  This  is  written 
Kannagolagh  in  the  survey  and  in  an  inquisition  taken 
at  Loughg^,  on  the  28th  of  January,  1628.  In  that 
year  it  was  found  that  there  had  even  then  been  no 
buildings  erected  on  this  proportion.  What  was  true 
of  the  miserable  attempt  at  plantation  in  1620,  was  true 
also  in  1628.  The  lettmgs  of  its  lands  were  as  follows, 
viz.,  the  owner,  William  Stanhowe,  let  to  Patrick  McKara- 
tie  two  baliboes  for  one  year.  On  the  ist  of  November, 
1626,  he  let  one  balliboe  to  Donald  O^Develin,  for  the 
same  term.  He  let  %  a  balliboe  to  Patrick  O'Connelan, 
for  the  same  term.  On  the  9th  of  June,  1613,  he  let  to 
John  Wrench  six  balliboes  for  a  term  of  21  years;  and 
afterwards  five  other  balliboes  for  the  same  tenn.  On 
the  1st  of  November,  161 1,  he  let  to  John  Turner  a  balli- 


562 


THE    PLANTATION   IN   ULSTER. 


himself  is  in  England^  and  hath  been  there  these  seven  years.     There  are  not  above  three  or  four 
poor  English  Men  upon  the  Land.     All  the  Land  is  inhabited  with  Irish. 

CLXVIII.     2,000  Acres. 
Francis  Sacheverill^  Esq.^  hath  2,000  acres,  called  Mullaldish  (282)  and  Leggacorry.     I  find 


boc  and  sessiogh  for  the  term  of  one  year.  On  the  20th 
September,  1626,  he  let  two  sessioghs  to  George  Clarke 
for  a  term  of  21  years.  On  the  27th  of  May,  same  year, 
he  sold  the  two  balliboes  of  Derrycharry  and  Clan- 
vickish,  to  Edward  Stanhowe.  On  the  25th  of  March, 
1627,  he  let  three  balliboes  to  William  Smith,  for  a 
term  of  one  year;  on  November  I,  161 1,  he  let  one 
balliboe  to  Cullo  McCann,  for  one  year ;  and  on  the 
same  date,  one  balliboe  to  Bryan  McDonnell  for  one 
year.  {Inquisitiotts  of  Ulster^  Armagh,  (3)  Car.  I.) 
In  1628,  it  was  found  that  since  the  date  of  taking  out 
his  patent,  a  period  of  sixteen  years,  the  profits  and  rents 
of  ttie  moiety  of  the  lands  amounted  to  the  sum  of  600/. 
sterling.  (/J«V.,  (2)  Car.  I.)  Henry  StanhoWe  succeeded 
to  his  father,  William  Stanhowe,  but  at  what  date  is  not 
mentioned.  In  1630,  it  was  found  that  "Patrick  modery 
0*Connyllon,  a  meere  Irishman,  doth  plowe,  pasture, 
and  grase  upon  the  half  towne  of  Neybow,  being  parcell 
of  the  middle  proportion  of  Kancwgollagh^  since  the  date 
of  the  letters  patents,  untill  May  last.  The  same  is 
undertaker's  land,  granted  to  Henry  Stanhowe ;  and  the 
said  Henry  hath  suffered  the  said  Patrick  to  plowe,  &c., 
upon  the  same,  contrary  to  the  conditions,  whereby  the 
same  are  become  forfeited."  {Ibid,^  (19)  Car.  I.)  Henry 
Stanhowe,  who  was  styled  of  Clontylewf^  county  of 
Armagh,  died  on  the  loth  of  March,  1635,  leaving  a  son 
and  heir,  John  Stanhowe.  (Ibid.^  (31)  Car.  I.)  On  the 
1st  of  September,  1629,  there  was  a  re-grant  to  Henry 
Stanhawe,  his  heirs  and  assigns,  forever,  of  the  lands  of 
Clontinew,  and  other  lands,  containing  780  acres,  in  the 
baro;iy  of  O'Nelan  ;  to  be  held  in  free  and  common 
socage.  The  lands  are  created  into  a  manor,  to  be  called 
the  manor  of  ChntilrWy  with  the  usual  manorial  powers 
and  rights,  including  two  fairs  yearly  at  the  town  of  Clon- 
tilew,  one  on  the  loth  of  May,  and  the  other  on  the  6th 
of  November,  to  continue  for  two  days.  The  lands  to  be 
held  subject  to  the  conditions  of  plantation,  and  to  the 
terms  for  renewal  of  grants  to  undertakers. 

(282).  yl/z/Z/fi/^-Z/jy^.— Seep.  260.  "Such,"  as  Dr.  Stuart 
informs  us,  *'was  the  commencement  of  the  flourishing 
colony  of  Richhill,  formerly  Legacurry — the  hereditary 
property  of  the  ancient  family  of  the  Richardsons. "  (See 
History  of  Armas:h,  p.  638).  Francis  Sacheverell  and  his 
son,  also  named  Francis,  sold  out  these  lands,  piecemeal,  to 
John  Symonds,  one  parcel  realising  500/.,  another  300/.,  and 
a  third  300/.  Francis  Sacheverell,  who  was  styled  of  Legga- 
corry,  died  on  the  30th  January,  1649,  leaving  one  daughter 
Anne,  who  was  17  years  of  age  at  the  time  of  her  father's 
death,  and  unmarried.  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster^  Armagh, 
(25)  Car.    I.   and  (i)  Car.   II.)      This  proportion  soon 

gassed  into  the  possession  of  Sir  William  Alexander  of 
[enstrie,  Scotland,  who  was  not  the  man  to  refuse  Irish 
rents,  however  much  he  might  wish  for  the  expulsion  of 
natives  from  what  had  been  their  own  lands.  An  inquisi- 
tion states   that    "Henry  duffe    O'Connellan,  a  mecre 


Irishman,  hath  inhabited  upon  one  quarter  of  the  towne 
of  Mullaleglisse  [Mullalelish],  granted  to  Sir  WUlimm 
Alexander,  Knt.,  by  letters  pattents.  Said  quarters  U 
undertakers*  land,  and  contrary  to  the  conditions,  hath 
been  inhabited  by  the  said  Henry,  and  other  meere 
Irishmen,  whereby  the  same  is  become  forfeited.  (/9u/., 
(19)  Car.  I.)  On  the  4th  of  January,  1628,  there  ¥ras  a 
re-grant  to  Sir  William  Alexander  of  the  entire  propor- 
tion of  Mullalelish,  in  the  barony  of  O'Neilan,  containing 
1,000  acres ;  also  the  small  proportion  of  Leggacuny,  in 
the  same  barony,  containing,  by  estimation,  1,000  acres  ; 
to  hold  forever,  in  free  and  common  socage,  with  the  usual 
manorial  powers ;  and  subject  to  the  conditions,  and  the 
terms  for  the  renewal  of  grants  to  the  undertakers.  This 
Sir  William  Alexander  of  Menstrie,  in  Clackroananshire, 
was  the  son  of  an  Alexander  Macdonnell,  who  consented 
to  drop  his  surname,  as  thus  indicating  his  devotion  to 
his  landlord,  an  earl  of  Argyle,  the  latter  having  a  horror 
thereof,  although  disposed  to  be  very  friendly  to  that  par- 
ticular member  of  the  hated  clan.  Indeed,  the  tenant  is 
said  to  have  benefitted  by  this  small  sacrifice,  even  to  the 
extent  of  receiving  the  fee-simple  of  the  Meastrie  estate 
in  return.  Sir  William  Alexander,  the  son  of  this  tenant, 
was  bom  about  the  year  1580,  and  when  a  young  man, 
he  travelled  on  the  continent  with  the  seventh  earl  of 
Argyle,  who  was  a  few  years  his  junior,  and  who  was 
afterwards  virtually  deposed  by  his  own  son,  for  becoming 
an  adherent  of  the  Roman  Catholic  church.  Scotoi 
Scotstarvet  has  the  following  notice  of  the  knight  of  Men- 
strie, who  was  eventually  created  Earl  of  Stirling : — "Sir 
William  Alexander  of  Menstrie,  preferred  to  be  secretary 
by  King  Charles,  was  first  brought  into  court  by  Prince 
Henry,  and  respected  for  his  poesy.  He  travelled  thion|^ 
Italy  and  France  with  his  lord  superior,  the  Earl  of 
Argyle,  where  he  attained  the  French  and  Italian  tongues* 
He  got  great  things  from  his  Majesty,  as  especially  a  lib- 
erty to  create  a  hundred  Scotsmen  knights-baronets,  from 
every  one  of  whom  he  got  200/.  sterling  ;  he  also  got  a 
liberty  to  coin  base  money,  far  under  the  value  of  the 
weight  of  copper,  which  brought  great  prejudice  to  the 
kingdom,  at  which  time  he  built  his  great  lodgings  in 
Stirling,  and  put  on  the  gate  thereof,  per  mare,  per  terras^ 
which  a  merry  man  changed  to  per  metre,  per  tunurs^ 
meaning  that  he  had  attained  to  his  estate  by  poesy,  and 
that  gift  of  base  money.  He  ventured  greatly  towards 
Nova  Scotia  and  America,  and  sent  his  eldest  son  thither* 
where  he  lived  a  winter  with  three  ships.  He  was  of 
great  expectations,  and  married  the  Earl  of  Ai^;us*s  sister  ; 
but  his  distress  and  hardships  in  that  voyage  procured 
shortly  his  death.  The  King  also  honoured  the  fitther 
with  the  title  of  the  earldom  of  Stirling.  He  got  also  a 
great  sum  of  money  from  the  Kin^  of  France  to  quit  hb 
interest  in  Nova  Scotia ;  but  fell  mto  great  distaste  with 
the  country;  for  his  affection  was  carried  towards  the 
bishops,  and  the  maintaining  of  their  caose  [aninst  the 
Covenanters].     He  conquest  [added]  to  his  da  heiitife 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


563 


planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  3,  viz., 
I  having  150  acres. 
I  having  120  acres. 
I  having  100  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  18,  viz., 
I  having  220  acres. 
5  having  100  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  95  acres. 
I  having  80  acres. 

1  having  74  acres. 
4  having  60  acres. 

2  having  40  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  12  acres. 

I  having  15  acres. 
I  having  30  acres. 

CLXIX.     1,500  Acres. 
John  Dillon^  Esq.,  hath  1,500  acres,  called  Mullabane  (283).     Upon  this  Proportion  there  is 
built  a  House,  begun  some  three  years  since,  but  is  not  half  finished,  being  of  Brick  and  Lyme,  and 


Total,  21  Families,  who,  with 
their  under  Tenants,  are  able  to 
make  50  Men  with  Arms. 


of  Menstrie,  the  baronies  of  Tillicultrie  and  Gogar ;  all 
which  were  comprised  from  his  heirs  instantly  aJfter  his 
decease  ;  and  of  some  six  or  seven  sons,  none  but  one  or 
two  arc  remaining.  The  house  of  Menstrie  was  burnt  by 
command  of  his  superior,  the  Earl  of  Argylc  [the  eighth 
earl,  created  a  marquis],  because  his  sons  were  favourers 
of  James  Graham  [the  Earl  of  Montrose]  and  his  party." 
Thus,  it  aj^pears  that  the  old  Macdonnell  blood  still  re- 
mained, although  attempted  to  be  changed  by  an  assumed 
name.  See  Scotstarvet's  Staggering  State  of  Scottish 
StatcsfHctty  pp.  75-77. 

(283).  MitHabaiie. — See  p.  262.  This  undertaker,  like 
most  others,  had  disputes  with  his  neighbours  on  the  sub- 
ject of  mcarings.  In  i6i  I ,  Carew  reports  that  "John  Dillon 
complained  that  the  Lord  Primate  of  Ardmagh  chal- 
Icnges  the  half  balliboe  of  Ballibrande  to  be  his,  by  the 
name  of  P.allybraner,  which  is  the  true  natne  of  it.  The 
cause  of  this  challenge  is  because  the  Primates  have  had  a 
rent  out  of  it  and  Dromadbeg  of  5^.  &/.  yearly.  .  .  . 
This  Ijallybraner  and  Dromadbeg  are  one  balliboe,  and 
so  passed  to  the  undertaker,  who  must  hold  it.  The 
challenge  of  the  Primate  is  mislaid,  for  his  Lordship  hath 
temporal  land  in  lieu  of  these  two  or  three  other  towns 
in  that  country,  mistaken  in  the  surveys.  Besides,  he 
hath  13  towns  in  Towaghie,  confirmed  unto  him  by  my 
Lord  of  Canterbury's  means  [Laud's  influence],  upon 
very  little  colour  [of  right]  the  rather  in  lieu  of  this  small 
loser;  and  therefore  this  was  left  out  of  his  patent,  being 
first  passed  to  the  undertaker.  Also  Grange,  lying  with- 
in the  said  John  Dillon's  proportion,  is  cludlenged  by  Sir 
Toby  Caulficld  to  be  abbey  land,  passed  to  him  by  patent. 


The  general  survey  [of  1609]  found  many  parcels  for  that 
abbey  never  before  found,  and  yet  this  could  not  then  be 
found,  and,  therefore,  I  think  the  tenant  of  the  abbey 
must  be  concluded  by  the  survey.  In  the  said  proportion 
of  MuUaghbane,  which  should  contain  15  whole  balliboes 
of  100  acres  apiece,  are  two  sessiaghs,  which  are  but, 
each  of  them,  half  a  balliboe,  and  Killneyman  which  is 
barely  the  fourth  part  of  a  balliboe — not  containing  30 
English  acres — all  which  are  named  for  whole  balliboes; 
in  lieu  whereof  are  Anacleere,  containing  about  the  fourth 
part  of  a  balliboe;  Mullanacreeve,  the  one  half  of  a 
balliboe;  and  Drumadbeg,  half  a  balliboe,  left  by  the 
surveyors  unnamed,  wherefore,  doubting  they  may  here- 
after prove  concealed,  the  said  Dillon  desires  they  may  be 
passed  unto  him,  and  that  he  may  be  freed  from  the 
challenges  of  the  Lord  Primate  and  Sir  Toby  Caulfield." 
John  Dillon  bought  the  ncighbourine  lands  belonging 
originally  to  John  Heron,  and  from  the  fact  here  stated 
by  Pynnar,  that  there  was  no  house  or  castle  completed 
on  the  lands  of  Mullabane,  it  is  probable  that  he  adopted 
as  his  residence  a  house  on  Heron's  proportion,  parts 
of  which  had  been  built  previously  to  his  purchase  of 
that  estate.  The  name  of  his  residence  was  Castle- 
Dillon,  which,  at  the  present  day,  is  well-known  for  its 
fine  house  and  attractive  demesne.  John  Dillon,  who 
was  an  energetic  and  successful  planter,  died  on  the 
25th  March,  1637 ;  and  Henry  Dillon,  his  nephew,  who 
was  then  of  age,  and  mamed,  became  owner  of  the 
estates.  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster ^  Armagh,  (23)  Car.  L) 
On  the  26th  of  Tune,  1650,  Heniy  Dillon,  for  the 
sum  of  1,900/.  sold  the  lands  of  Mullabane  to  William 


564 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


Total,  29  Families,  who,  with 
their  under  Tenants,  are  able  to 
make  40  Men  with  Arms. 


a  very  fair  Building.     There  is  no  Bawne.     He  hath  great  Store  of  Tenants,  the  which  have  made 
two  Villages,  and  dwell  together.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  3,  viz., 
3  having  120  acres  le  piece — his  Sons. 

Lessees  for  Lives,  18,  viz., 

3  having  100  acres  jointly. 

4  having  100  acres  jointly. 
2  having  100  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  80  acres  le  piece. 

I  having  70  acres. 

5  having  60  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  50  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  8,  viz., 

1  having  47  acres. 

2  having  30  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  40  acres. 

I  having  30  acres. 
I  having  23  acres. 
I  having  20  acres. 
I  having  10  acres. 

The  Precinct  of  the  Fewes^  allotted  to  Scottish  Undertakers.     (See  pp.  283-285). 

\^^ Precinct  of  the  Fewes.  Sir  yames  Dowglasse^  Knight^  2,000  acres ;  George  Lawder  is  his 
deputy,  has  done  nothing.  Claud  Hamilton^  1,000  acres;  is  building  a  stone  bawn  with  round 
jflankers,  24  yards  square,  and  a  wall  8  foot  high ;  has  raised  stone  to  finish  the  bawn,  and  to  make 
a  stone  house,  and  has  drawn  trees  to  the  building ;  is  now  building  three  houses,  one  48  feet 
long.  Five  families,  16  men  and  women  of  British  birth,  are  upon  the  land,  whereof  six  are 
masons.  Eighty  cows  and  14  horses  and  mares  in  stock.  William  Lawder^  1,000  acres; 
Alexander  Lawder,  resident  agent ;  certain  houses  built  and  repaired,  where  are  ten  families  and 
three  servants,  to  the  number  of  18,  residing ;  18  horses  and  mares,  and  60  cows ;  stone  raised  snd 
timber  felled,  y antes  Craige^  1,000  acres ;  resident ;  has  begun  to  build  a  mill,  sown  and  re^)ed 
oats  and  barley;  built  some  tenements  wherein  are  placed  some  families  of  British.  Hmry 
Acluson^  1,000  acres ;  resident ;  has  raised  stone  and  felled  timber.     Has  8  or  9  people ;  idio 


Cuthbert,  of  the  city  of  Westminster.  {IHd.  (6)  Car.  II). 
On  the  13th  Aug.,  1629,  there  was  a  re-grant  to  John 
Dillon  and  Richard  Cope,  and  the  heirs  and  assigns  of 
Dillon  forever,  of  the  middle  proportion  of  Mullabane, 
and  other  lands  thereto  belonging,  containing  1,500  acres, 
in  the  barony  of  O'Nealan ;  to  be  held  in  free  and 
common  socage  ;  and  of  the  lands  of  Mullanetrine  and 
Annaghclare,  in  the  said  barony  of  O'Nealan  ;  to  be  held 
in  free  and  common  socage.     The  lands  to  be  erected 


into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  oiCtuUeiUhm  %  vkk 
the  usual  manorial  powers ;  held  on  conditions  of  te 
plantation,  and  the  terms  for  renewal  of  gzaati  to  undlr* 
takers.  "In  this  establishment,"  says  Dr.  Stwut»  '*#t 
trace  the  origin  of  the  Protestant  colony  which  atttled  M 
Hockley,  Drummond,  Killtmy,  Gnuwe,  ftc,  on  tiM  hcni* 
itarr  estate  of  the  very  ancient  fiunily  of  the  MolyMUNI 
of  Castledillon, — the  lineal  descendcnts  of  the  iUmtfldni 
house  of  Howard.     See  Huffy  ^Armtigk^  |^  698b 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


565 


have  30  cows,  and  15  horses  and  mares,  with  some  arms.  Since  our  return  [to  Dublin]  one  John 
Fullerton  hath  arrived,  who  presented  himself  before  us  as  agent  for  Sir  James  Dowglasse,  who 
informed  us  that  he  brought  fifteen  families  with  him  to  plant  upon  that  land,  with  artificers  and 
workmen. 

"  The  Moyrye  Castle,  A  pretty  castle  upon  the  park  [pass  ?]  of  the  Moyrye,  built  in  the  time 
of  the  late  Earl  of  Devonshire's  government  here,  at  the  Queen's  charge ;  where  Captain  Anthony 
Smith  is  constable,  and  has  a  ward  of  1 2  men.  Has  drawn  some  families  of  British  to  dwell  upon 
the  lands  thereunto  adjoining,  which  is  a  good  relief  to  passengers  between  Dundalke  and  the 
Newrye."     Carew's  7?<r/^r/ in  1611.] 

CLXX.     1,000  Acres. 
Henry  Atcheson^  Esq.,  hath   1,000  acres,  called  Coolemalish  (284).     There  is   upon   this  a 
Bawne  of  Clay  and  Stone,  being  1 20  feet  long,  and  80  feet  broad,  with  four  Flankers.     In  this 


(284).  Coolemalish. — See  p.  284.  Henry  Acheson*s 
tenants  are  not  named  in  any  printed  inquisition  ;  and  as 
to  buildings,  there  had  only  been  a  bawne,  as  was  found 
by  inquisition,  in  i66i.  He  sold  this  proportion  and 
other  lands  to  Sir  Archibald  Acheson.  {Inquisitions  of 
Ulster^  Armagh,  (42)  Car.  I.)  Whilst  the  first  patentee, 
Henry  Acheson,  had  possession,  he  was  involved  in  the 
strife  at  first  so  general  amongst  undertakers.  On  the 
subject  of  mearings,  Carew,  in  his  report  of  1611,  refers 
to  Acheson's  trouble,  as  follows  : — **  There  is  given  up  by 
the  surveyor,  which  is  inserted  in  Henry  Acheson's  patent, 
the  two  towns  of  Dromleck,  which  were  never  known  by 
any  of  the  most  ancient  [oldest  then  living]  Irish  to  be 
more  than  one  small  town.  This  is  so  found  by  the  sur- 
vey upon  oaths  and  very  strict  inquiry,  and  so  passed  sive 
pliiSy  sive  ffiinus^  and  if  it  were  more  the  King  holds  him- 
self concluded,  as  in  many  other  like  things  he  is  ;  and  if 
it  be  less,  as  I  cannot  think  it  is,  then  the  patentee  must 
be  concluded,  otherwise  the  King  shall  be  at  extreme  and 
unconscionable  losses.  There  is  another  town  called 
Dwralasmonlane  given  up  by  the  surveyor  to  be  one 
whole  town,  and  so  passed  to  the  said  Henry  Acheson  ; 
the  same  was  never  known  by  the  Irish  to  be  but  two 
parts  of  a  town — and  that  small  measure — for  the  other 
third  part  thereof  lies  hard  by  Armagh,  about  four  miles 
from  any  of  the  proportions,  and  is  called  Monopotaghie, 
and  challenged  by  the  Lord  Primate."  The  King,  to 
whom  this  ami  many  other  such  controversies  were  earned 
for  final  adjudication,  gave  his  decision  in  the  present 
instance,  as  follows,  when  writing  to  Chichester,  on  the 
19th  of  March,  1611-12  : — "And  whereas  the  said  Henry 
Acheson  claims  the  two  balliboes  of  Dromleck,  as  included 
in  his  patent,  while,  because  the  lands  are  commonly 
called  Cabragh,  the  archbishop  claims  them  as  lands  of 
that  name,  inserted  with  many  others  in  his  patent, 
graunted  him  in  recompense  for  his  impropriations  sur- 
rendered to  the  King,  alleging  that  the  balliboe  of 
Cabragh  is  not  either  of  the  said  two  balliboes  of  Drom- 
leck ;  and  whereas,  the  said  Henry  Acheson  is  thereupon 
kept  out  of  the  i:)ossession  of  the  balliboe  of  Nether  or 
Lower  Dromleck,  to  his  great  prejudice,  the  same  being 
situate  within  the  compass  01  his  small  proportion  of 
Coolemalishe,  where  he  intended  to  build,  and  has  laid 


the  materials  for  building ;  he  [Chichester]  is  to  put  the  said 
Henry  Acheson  in  possession  of  the  said  lands  which  were 
passed,  or  intendea  to  be  passed  unto  him ;  or  otherwise, 
if  they  be  necessary  for  building,  he  [Chichester]  is  to 
induce  the  said  archbishop  to  give  it  to  him  [Acheson]  at 
a  rent,  or  in  exchange  for  other  part  of  the  said  Henry 
Acheson's  proportion."  With  the  possession  of  these  landd 
Sir  Achibald  Acheson  inherited  aho  the  quarrel  which 
had  existed  between  his  brother  and  the  church  author- 
ities of  the  district.  On  the  I2th  of  May,  1627,  the  King 
wrote  to  P'alkland  about  one  phase  of  this  quarrel,  as 
follows: — "We  have  taken  gracious  consideration  of  the 
enclosed  petition  of  Sir  Archibald  Ac'heson,  Knight,  and 
George  Mackeson,  Dean  of  Armagh,  wherein  is  allMjed 
that  Sir  Archibald  Acheson,  having  a  grant  from  our  late 
dear  father  of  the  patronage  of  Loughgilly,  in  the  said 
county,  did,  about  a  year  and  a  half  past,  present  the 
Dean  thereunto,  being  then  void,  and  that  the  now  Lord 
Primate  refused  to  admit  the  Dean  accordingly,  pretend- 
ing that  one  Snig,  his  chancellor,  was  formerly  presented 
to  the  said  church  upon  a  pretended  lapse ;  whereupon 
the  petitioners  brought  a  Quare  impedit  against  the  Lord 
Primate  and  Snig  in  our  court  of  Common  Fleas  there,  and 
procured  a  Declaration  to  be  filed,  which  declaration,  through 
the  sinister  practice  of  one  Hubbert,  the  petitioners' attorney^ 
and  of  the  said  Snig  and  others,  is  not  to  be  found,  as 
the  petitioners  allege,  whereby  the  suit  is  discontinued ; 
we  have  therefore  thought  good,  according  to  the  advioo 
of  our  commissioners  Tor  Irish  Causes,  to  send  over  the 
petition  itself  unto  you,  reauiring  you,  that  if,  upon  due 
examination,  you  shall  find  the  church  of  Lougngillie  to 
be  now  in  lapse,  and  not  in  lapse  before,  to  present  the 
Dean  thereunto,  as  is  desired,  being,  as  we  are  informed, 
a  very  able  churchman,  and  who  hath  received  some 
loss  by  the  not  payment  of  his  allowance  of  forty  pounds 
per  annum  out  of  the  defalcations  of  his  weekly  lecture 
at  Christ  Church ;  and,  it  is  our  further  pleasure,  and 
accordingly  we  require  you  to  take  order  that  the  petitioners, 
if  they  hnd  cause,  may  have  the  attorney,  or  Snig,  or 
others  whom  the  same  may  concern,  brought  into  th« 
Castlechamber  for  their  misdemeanor  and  practice,  and 
for  the  complainants'  remedy  and  damages. "  See  Morrin's 
Calendar,  Charles  I.,  p.  21a 


566 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Bawne  there  is  a  House,  the  one  half  is  Stone  and  Lyme,  and  the  upper  part  is  Timber.  I  find 
a  great  number  of  Tenants  on  this  Land,  but  not  any  that  have  any  estates,  but  by  Promise,  and 
yet  they  have  been  many  years  upon  the  Land.  There  are  nominated  to  me  two  Freeholders  and 
17  Leaseholders,  all  which  were  with  me,  and  took  the  Oath  of  Supremacy,  aud  petitioned  unto 
me  that  they  might  have  their  Leases  ;  the  which  Mr.  Atcheson  seemed  to  be  willing  to  perform  it 
unto  them  presently.     These  are  able  to  make  30  Men  with  Arms.     Here  is  great  store  of  Tillage. 

CLXXL     1,000  Acres. 
James  Craig  was  the  first  Patentee  (285).    John  Hamilton^  Esq.^  hath  1,000  acres,  called 
Magharientrim,     Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Stone  and  Clay,  being  60  feet  square,  12  feet 
high,  with  two  Flankers.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
I  having  200  acres. 
I  having  100  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  6,  viz., 

1  having  120  acres.  Total,  20  Families,  able  to  make 

2  having  60  acres  le  piece  30  Men  with  Arms.  And  these 
I  having  96  acres.  have  all  taken  the  Oath  of  Supre- 
I  having  60  acres.                                                                        macy. 

I  having  50  acres. 

Cottagers,  12,  viz.. 
Each  of  these  has  a  Tenement  and  a  Garden  Plott,  with 
Commons  for  their  Cows. 

CLXXIL     1,000  Acres. 
William  Lawders  (286)  was  the  first  Patentee.    John  Hamilton^  Esq,^   hath  1,000  acres, 
called  Kilruddan,      Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Stone  and  Clay,   60  feet  square,    12   feet 


(285).  Patintee.—%^^  p.  284.  Whilst  Craig  held  this 
proportion  he  let  several  parcels  of  its  lands  as  follows: — 
**By  his  deed  of  feoffment,  bearinge  date  the  29th  of 
March,  1614,  he  granted  unto  Henry  Gryndell  all  that 
balliboe  called  Dromon,  with  the  appurtenances,  forever. 
The  said  James  Craig,  by  his  deed  bearinge  date  the 
same  day,  did  grant  unto  John  Courtiouse,  all  that  balli- 
boe called  Ballinegroabanagh,  with  the  appurtenances, 
forever.  The  said  James,  by  his  deed  bearinge  date  the 
same  day,  did  graunte  Ralph  Grindall  all  that  balliboe 
called  Ballinecorra,  with  the  appurtenances,  for  ever.  The 
said  James,  by  his  writinge,  bearinge  date  the  9th  Sept., 
1614,  did  demise  unto  Robert  Elliott  the  balliboe  called 
Balliletrie,  with  the  appurtenances,  for  the  tearme  of  21 
yearcs.  The  said  James,  by  his  deed  bearinge  date  the 
22nd  Nov.,  161 5,  did  graunt  unto  John  Hamilton,  his 
heirs  and  assigns,  the  said  manor,  proportion,  balliboes, 
&c,  for  ever.  Neither  the  said  John  Hamilton,  Robert 
Elliott,  Raulfe  Grindell,  John  Courtiouse,  nor  Henry 
Grindall,  did  take  the  oath  of  supremacy."  The  grants 
to  all  the  above-named  persons  were  duly  confirmed  by 


John  Hamilton  soon  after  his  purchase  of  the  pioportioa 
of  Magheryentrim.  {Ifiquisitions  of  Ulster^  Armagh,  (4) 
Car.  I).  On  the  29th  of  July,  1629,  letters  pfttent  of 
denization  were  granted  to  John  Hamilton,  and  a  le-giaai 
of  the  small  proportion  of  Magerientrim,  and  of  the  anall 
proportion  of  Kilruddan,  both  in  the  barony  of  the  Foes. 
The  lands  to  be  held  in  free  and  common  soca^  ;  and 
are  erected  into  a  manor,  to  be  called  the  manor  ^  J^hu- 
tawne^  alias  Drunurgan,  with  all  the  usual  manorial 
rights ;  subject  to  the  conditions  of  plantation,  and  to 
the  terms  for  renewal  of  grants  to  undertakers. 

(286).   William  ZazoJtrs.—See  p.  285.       **T1ie  said 
William  Lawder  being  soe  seized,  together  with  Ak 
Lawder,  his  sonne,  on  the  4th  Dec.,  1614,  did 

unto  the  said  John   Hamilton,  his  heirs  and  i 

for  ever,  all  the  said  manor,  proportion,  balliboes, 

lands  [of  Kilruddan],  with  their  appnrtenanoeib  (Ai> 
auisitions  of  Ulster,  Axmagh,  (4)  Car.  I. )  Thb  propottiai 
formed  part  of  the  manor  of  Johnstowne^  alias  DiiiiBcr- 
gan.     See  preceding  note. 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


567 


high,  with  two  Flankers,  and  a  House  in  it.     Near  to  the  Bawnfe  there  are  seven  Houses,  being 
inhabited  with  Brittish  Tenants.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  2,  viz., 
2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  5,  viz., 
2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

1  having  60  acres. 

2  having  66  acres  le  piece. 

Cottagers,  10,  viz.. 
Each  of  these  has  a  Tenement  and  Garden  Plott,  with 
Commons  for  their  Cattle. 

CLXXIIL     500  Acres. 
John  Hamilton,  Esq.,  hath  500  acres,  called  Edenagh  (287).      The   other  500   acres  were 
gotten  from  him  by  the  Dean  of  Armagh,     Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Stone  and  Clay,  pointed 


Total,  17  Families,  able  to  make 
30  Men  armed ;  and  all  these  have 
taken  the  Oath  of  Supremacy. 


(287)  Edenagh. — This  proportion  is  called  Edeneveagk 
in  survey  and  inquisitions.     The  first  patentee  was  Claud 
Hamilton,   whose  deed  from  the  Crown  was  dated  the 
19th  August,  1610,     *'Thc  said  Claud  Hamilton,  on  the 
I2th  of  March,  i6ii,  did  flaunt  unto  James  Ferres,  the 
two  ballihocs  called  Utlecky  and  Dromca  for  ever.     The 
said  Claud  1  lamilton,  on  the  ist  of  October,  1614,  did  demise 
and  sett  unto  John  Hall,  Thomas  Hall,  and  Robert,  all  the 
two  balliboes  of  land  called  Killnagappull  and  LoughtWc- 
collen,   during  the  term  of  their  natural   lives,  and  the 
longest  liver  of  them.     The  said  Claud,  on  the  3rd  of 
May,  1 6 10,  did  give  and  grant  the  said  John  Hamilton, 
his  heirs  and  assigns  for  ever,  all  the  said  manor,  &c., 
with  appurtenances."     Whilst  Claude  Hamilton,  the  first 
patentee,  owned  these  lands,  he  had  a  dispute  with  the 
Dean  of  Armagh,  which  is  mentioned  by  Carcw: — "Be- 
tween Claude  Hamilton  and  the  Dean  of  Armagk^  for  5^ 
balliboes,  which  the  said  dean  claims  for  himself,  and  one 
balliboe  for  the  prior  of  Armagh  ;  upon  one  of  which 
balliboes   the  said   Claude  has  built  his  bawn   and    16 
houses,  so  as  if  they  should  be  taken  from  him  it  would 
be  an  overthrow  of  his  plantation.     There  is  now  no 
difference,  for  the  King  has  given  express  commandment 
to  take  these  lands  from  the  undertaker  and  give  them  to 
the  dean,  and  abate  the  undertaker's  rent,  for  which  your 
lordship  saw  the  little  shadow  in  the  verdict  was  a  weak 
inducement.     But  the  King's  pleasure  is  not  to  be  reasoned 
against  when  his  will  is  declared."      The  dean — by  name 
Robert  Maxwell — obtained  his  grant  as  dean  on  the  27th 
of  Februar>',   1611-12,  in  which  Claude  Hamilton's  5^ 
balliboes  were  included.     The  following  were  the  names 
of    these   disputed    lands:  —  Edenefeagh,    2    balliboes; 
Ballyedenknapagh,    Ballyrameale  and  J3allichullin,    one 
balliboe    each  ;    and    half   of    Dnimgoase,    a  balliboe. 
On  the  loth  of  December,   161 7,    this  John   Hamilton 
surrendered   into  the   King's  hands  the  manor  or  pro- 
portion of  Magher>'entrim,  originally  granted  to  James 
Craig  ;  the  manor  or  proportion  of  Kilnidan,  originally 
granted  to  William  Lawder  ;  and  the  manor  or  proportion 
of  Edeneveagh,  originally  granted  to  Claud  Hunilton, 


and  all  afterwards  bought  up  by  John  Hamilton.     On 
the    1 8th  of  December,    161 7,    the   King  re-g^anted  t« 
John   Hamilton  these  three   several   properties  as  one 
estate ;  and  soon  afterwards  John  Hamilton  let  his  lands 
to  tenants  whose  names  are  under  written,  for  terms  vary- 
ing from  one  to  twenty  years,  viz.,  William  Hope,  John 
Grane,   Edward  Irwinge,    Matthew  Gamble,    Cornelius 
McKeman,  Andrew  Bell,  David  Arkles,  John  Hamilton, 
John  Davidson,  Alexander  Sym,  Patrick  Ritchie,  Fergus 
Fleck,  Eliza  Grier,  John  Hamilton  the  elder,  Cuthbert 
Grier,  Robert  Gilmore,  Adam  Rae,  David  Leetch,  Robert 
Hamilton,  Archibald  Grame,  John  Willie,  William  Bell, 
Robert  Hamilton,  Henry  Grindall,  John  Hamilton  the 
elder   of  Dromanish,    and  his  son  John,    Adam  Colte, 
John  Johnston,  Patrick  Graunton,  George  Parker,  Heniv 
Hunter,  John  Deans,  John  Trumble,  John  Kirk,  Francis 
Carruthers,    James    Moffat,    Raulfe    Grindell,    Thomas 
Courtiouse,  Henry  Grindell,  Gilbert  Kennedy,  Laurence 
Shirloe,  Robert  Ferguson,  John  Browne,  John  Ferguson, 
Thomas  Pringle,   ^chbauld  Grier,  John  Hall,   George 
Gamble,  Owen  O'Corr,  Cormack  O'Corr,  Robert  Elliott, 
Alexander  Grier,  Robert  Allen,  John  Allen,  and  Bryan 
bane  O'Neale.     **  There  is  and  hath  been  builte  and  sett 
upp  uppon  the  towneland  called  Killeni,  one  bawne  of 
lime  and  stone,  being  80  foote  square  and  9  in  height,  with 
rounds  and  flankers  at  the  comers  thereof,  for  the  better 
defence  of  the  same.     There  is  likewise  sett  upp  and 
builte  uppon  the  towneland  called  Dromergan,  a  bawne 
of  lime  and  stone,  being  80  foote  square,  and  14  foote  in 
height,  with  four  round  flankers  at  the  comers  thereof,  at 
everie  comer  or  flanker  by  rounde  of  12  foote  within  the 
walls  and  14  foote  in  height ;  and  a  castle  for  a  mansion 
hous  of  lyme  and  stone  of  good  forwardness,  to  be  built 
within  the  said  bawne.     There  is  sett  upp  upon  the 
towneland  called  Monelan  likewise,  a  bawne  00  foote 
square  and  14  foote  in  height,  with  two  rounds  or  flankers 
uppon  the  comers  thereof,  for  defence  of  the  same.     The 
said  proportions  are  planted  with  freehoulders  and  leese- 
houlders  who  have  estates  as  the  same  are  formerlie  in 
these  presents  found  and  expressed,  for  and  in  full  per* 


568 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


with  Lyme ;  there  are  near  the  Bawne  six  Houses,  inhabited  with  Brittish  Tenants.     I  find  planted 
and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittons^ 

Freeholder,  i,  viz., 
I  having  120  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  4,  viz., 
I  having  120  acres. 


Total,  10  Families,  who,  with 
their  under  Tenants,  are  able  to  make 
22  Men  with  Arms ;  and  all  these 
have  taken  the  Oath  of  Supremaqr. 


I  having  100  acres. 
I  having  80  acres. 
I  having  30  acres. 

Cottagers,  5,  viz.. 
Each  of  these  has  a  Tenement  and  a  Garden  Plott,  with 
Commons  for  their  Cattle. 

CLXXIV.  2,000  Acres. 
Sir  James  Dowglas  was  the  first  Patentee.  Archibald  Atcheson^  Esq.^  hath  2,000  acres^ 
called  Clancarny  (288).  Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawne  .  of  Stone  and  Lyme,  being  100  feet 
long,  80  feet  broad,  and  10  feet  high,  with  four  Flankers,  two  Stories  high,  and  13  feet  wide 
within  the  Walls,  which  serve  for  good  Lodgings.  There  is  also  a  Castle  begun,  which  is  80  feet 
in  length,  22  feet  wide,  and  is  now  two  Stories  high  (289).  There  are  near  to  the  Bawne  seven 
Houses  inhabited  with  Brittish  Tenants.  He  hath  in  the  Bawne  great  Store  of  Arms,  which  will 
arm  129  Men. 

I  find  planted  and  Estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Families, 

Freeholders,  4,  viz.,  , 

I  having  200  acres. 

3  having  100  acres  le  piece.  Total,   29    Families,   who^    witN 

I-ressees  for  years,  20,  viz.,  their  under  Tenants,   are   able  to 

1  having  200  acres.  make  144  Men  with  Anns.    Besides 

2  having  180  acres  le  piece.  he  hath  built  a  Town,  called  CZfs- 
I  having  120  acres.                                                                      camy^  where  he  hath   29  BrMsk 


formance  of  the  said  plantation."  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster ^ 
Armagh,  (4)  Car.  I.)  By  an  inquisition  held  at  the  town 
of  Cavan,  in  1639,  it  was  found  that  John  Hamilton  died 
on  the  4th  of  December  in  that  year,  and  that  Hans 
Hamilton,  his  son  and  heir,  was  19  years  of  age  at  the 
date  of  his  father's  death,  and  unmarried,  {/hid.,  (37) 
Car.  I.) 

(288).  Clancarny. — Seep.  283.  Sir  James  Douglas,  the 
first  patentee,  sold  this  proportion  of  2,000  acres  to  Henry 
Acheson  of  Dromleck,  Esq. ,  at  Markethill,  on  the  3rd  of 
May,  161 1 ;  and  the  latter  sold  it  in  turn  to  Sir  Archibald 
Acheson,  on  the  28th  of  August,  1628.  On  the  same  date, 
and  at  the  town  of  Markethill,  Henry  Acheson  sold  also  to 
Sir  Archibald  Acheson,  the  proportion  of  1,000  acres  called 
Coolemalish,  which  he  [Henry]  had  been  granted  from 


the  Crown.     The  several  pafcels  constituting  thb 
estate  of  3,000  acres,  then  purchased  by  Sir  Afchibsklt 
were  known  in  most  instances  by  other  names 
those  recited  in  the  original  grants,  and  contained  in 
case  certain  smaller  sub-divisions  of  land. 

(289).  Stories  high, — ^The  buildings  on  the  proportioa 
of  Clancarny  are  mentioned  in  the  laqnintion  now 
quoted  as  consisting  of  a  bawn,  whose  wmlls  were  12  fmk 
high  and  40  feet  in  circumference,  and  a  stone  castle  54 
feet  in  length,  17  feet  wide,  and  17  feet  in  htigkt 
Referring  to  this  and  the  preceding  proportion  of  John 
Hamilton,  Dr.  Stuart  remarks: — "In  the  icltkininti 
formed  by  the  Achesons  and  Hamiltons*  we  tnot  the  orifto 
of  the  flourishing  colonies  of  MarkethiU,  Hamiltoa's  Bftw% 
Mullabrack,  &c,  &C."    Sm  Bisttry  ^f  Arm^gA,  ^  $», 


PYNNAR'S    SURVEY.  569 

4  having  60  acres  le  piece,  Tenants    dwelling ;    each   of  them 

6  having  60  acres  jointly.  .  having  some  small  parcels  of  Land  ; 

2  having  60  acres  jointly.  so  that   in   the  whole   Number  he 

4  having  60  acres  jointly.  can  make  173  Men  armed. 

Cottagers,  5,  viz., 
Each    of  these  has   a   House   and  Garden  Plott,   with 
Commons  for  their  Cattle. 

The  Precinct  of  Orier^  allotted  to  Servitors  and  Natives.     (See  pp.  309-314). 

["  The  Precinct  of  Oryer  [Orier].  Lord  Audiey,  2,000  acres,  in  reversion  of  Arte  McBarron, 
and  500  acres  in  possession,  as  servitor  (see  p.  311).  The  500  acres  set  out,  but  no  preparation  for 
building.  Sir  Oliver  St.  John^  Knight^  1,500  acres  as  servitor,  is  making  preparations  for  building. 
Sir  Gerrott  Moore,  Knight,  1,000  acres,  as  servitor,  is  providing  timber  for  building.  Sir  Thomas 
Williams,  Knight,  1,000  acres,  as  servitor;  has  let  the  most  part  to  Captain  Anthony  Smith,  who 
has  promised  to  perform  the  conditions  required.  Sir  John  Bourchier,  Knight,  and  Captain 
Francis  Cooke,  1,000  acres  apiece,  as  servitors.  Sir  John  Bourchier  is  providing  materials  for 
building.  Lieutenant  Charles  Poyntz,  200  acres,  as  servitor,  has  provided  timber  and  materials  for 
buildings. 

"The  Natives.  Arte  McBarron  of  that  county  has  removed  with  tenants  to  lands  allotted  in 
Oryer.  Carbery  McCann,  chief  of  his  name,  has  sold  his  portion  in  Oryer,  and  is  removed  to 
Clandeboy  [Upper]  where  he  has  lands  of  Conn  O'Neale  [of  Castlereagh]. 

"  The  Fort  of  Maun t  Norris,  A  good  fort  well  rampiered,  with  bulwarks,  and  a  palisade,  and 
a  fair  deep  ditch.  Within  this  fort  Captain  Anderton  has  built  a  fair  cage-work  house,  and  others 
to  keep  victual  and  munition  in.  Some  inhabitants  of  English  and  Irish,  who  have  settled 
themselves,  have  built  good  houses  after  the  manner  of  .the  Pale,  which  is  a  great  relief  and 
comfort  for  passengers  between  the  Newrye  and  Armagh.  It  is  a  place  of  special  import  upon  all 
occasions  of  service,  and  fit  to  be  maintained. 

**TIie  servitors  being  charged  by  us  with  backwardness  in  having  done  so  little,  answered  for 
the  most  part  that  they  had  not  taken  out  their  patents  until  the  end  of  Candlemas  term  last,  and 
that  by  reason  the  British  do  yet  retain  natives  who  ought  to  be  their  [the  servitor's]  tenants,  they  are 
disabled  to  put  things  forward  as  otherwise  they  would,  but  they  will  go  roundly  in  hand  with  their 
works  this  next  Spring  as  they  have  promised  us."     Carew's  Report  in  161 1]. 

CLXXV.     500  Acres. 
Sir  John  Davies,  Knt.,  hath  500  acres,  called  Cornechino  (290).     Upon  this  there  is  nothing 
at  all  built,  nor  so  much  as  an  English  Tenant  on  the  Land. 

(290).   Cornahino. — These  lands,  which  are  known  in  the  Lysnely.     These  lands,   it  would  appear  from  Pynnar*s 

survey  as  Comishegagh^  were  granted  to  old  Lord  Audley  report,  had  been   utterly  neglected   by  Davys,    notwith- 

(see  p.  31 1  ^  created  Lord  Castlehaven,  who,  no  doubt,  standing  his  zeal  for  the  Ulster  plantation.     This  report, 

conveyed  them  to  his  son-in-law,  Davys.     The  500  acres  1620,  probably  convinced  him  that  he  must  either  plant 

were  made  up  of  the  several  parcels  called  TuUihappes,  the  lands  or  surrender  them.     He  soon  afterwards  sold 

2  balliboes  ;  Cornishegagh,  one  balliboe ;  Bally mikerau-  them  to  Lord  Grandison  [Oliver  St.  John],  whose  estate 

gan,    one  balliboe;  and '/«  part  of  the  balliboe  called  they  adjoined.    In^uisUians  of  Ulster,  Axm2^,  {^)  Jtuz.  I.*- 
W   2 


570 


THE   PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


CLXXVI.     1,500  Acres. 
Sir  Oliver  St,  John,  Knight,  hath  1,500  acres,  called  Bally tnoore  (291).     For  building  there 
cannot  be  more  spoken  than  what  hath  been  formerly  by  Sir  Josias  Bodly  (292),  only  the  Town 
is  increased  in  Buildings,  being  all  inhabited  with  English  Tenants.     There  are  9  Irish  Families 
in  the  Town,  which  come  to  Church,  and  have  taken  the  Oath  of  Supremacy. 

CLXXVII.     1,000  Acres. 
The  Lord  Moore  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Ballemonehan  (293).     Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawne 
of  Lime  and  Stone,  very  near  100  feet  square,  with  two  Flankers;  in  one  of  them  there  is  a  small 
House  built,  being  inhabited  by  an  Irishman. 

CLXXVIII.     2,000  Acres. 
Henry  Bowcher  (294)  Esq,,  hath  2,000  acres,  called  Claire,     Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a 


(291).  Ballymoote, — Ballymore  is  an  alias  for  TonregUy 
now  Tanderagee. 

(292).  Botily. — For  a  notice  of  this  knight,  see  p.  153. 
The  inquisition  above  quoted  was  taken  in  January,  162 1, 
very  soon  after  Pynnar*s  report,  and  describes  as  follows, 
the  buildings  erected  on  this  proportion : — **The  said  Lord 
Viscounte  Grandison  [St.  John]  of  Lymericke  hath  erected 
upon  the  said  towne  and  lands  called  Ballymore  al*  Ton« 
regee,  one  faire  stronge  castle  and  bawne  of  lyme  and 
stone,  a  town  thereunto  adjoining,  consisting  of  35  Eng- 
Ush-Iyke  houses,  and  a  parke  enclosed  with  a  pale  of  8 
foote  in  height,  conteyninge  300  acres  of  lande ;  and  also 
one  water  my  lie  upon  the  river  Cowsher  runeing  upon 
the  south  side  of  Ballymore."  Sir  Oliver  St.  John  Lord 
Grandison,  besides  purchasing  the  proportion  of  Ker- 
honan  from  James  Matchett,  clerk  (see  p.  261),  and  the 
500  acres  from  Sir  John  Davys  (see  p.  569),  bought  also 
four  balliboes  from  John  Beverlie,  gent,  and  one  balliboe 
from  Richard  Atherton,  Esq.,  which  lay  adjoining  his 
estate.  [^Ibid.,  (7)  Jac.  J.)  **In  this  settlement,"  ob- 
serves Dr.  Stuart,  **  we  trace  the  origin  of  the  Protestant 
colony  of  Ballymore  and  Tandragee.  At  Tandragee,  one 
branch  of  the  noble  family  of  the  O'Hanlons  had  formerly 
erected  their  mansion-house  or  castle  in  the  centre  of  a 
country  that  had  once  belonged  to  them  as  chiefs  of  the 
clan  ;  but  they  had  been  deprived  of  this  property. "  See 
History  of  Armagh^  p.  639. 

(293).  Ballemonehan.  —  When  this  proportion  was 
erected  into  a  manor,  it  was  known  only  as  Drum- 
banaghcr,  or  Drombancher.  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster^ 
Armagh,  (14)  Car.  L)  Its  affairs  m  1630  and  1660,  are 
not  noticed  in  any  printed  inquisition  relating  to  Armagh 
or  Ulster.  During  the  earlier  days  of  the  plantation 
movement  this  Lord  Moore  was  known  as  Sir  Garrot,  or 
more  correctly,  Sir  Gerald  Moore.  After  fighting  against 
the  Earl  of  Tyrone  with  much  distinction.  Sir  Gerald, 
with  William  Moore  of  Bammead,  and  Brent  Moore, 
whose  name  is  also  familiar  to  the  reader,  sought  and 
obtained,  on  the  19th  of  June,  1603,  a  grant  of  pardon  for 
all  treasons  and  other  offences  ;  for  although  on  the  side 
of  the  Government,  they  might  have  unwittingly  been 
chargeable  at  times  with  treason,  and  although  they  were 
commissioned  as  soldiers  to  rob  and  kill  the  rebels,  right 
And  left,  they  may  have,  at  times,  exceeded  even  this 


commission.  After  the  natives  had  been  receiTcd  into 
protection,  and  pardoned,  these  and  many  other  ser- 
vitors feared  to  be  brought  to  account  for  their  cruelties 
or  crimes,  and  it  was,  therefore,  considered  the  right 
thing  for  them  to  sue  out  royal  pardons  for  offences  of 
any  and  every  description  perpetrated  during  the  war. 
Immediately  following  the  date  now  mentioned,  honours 
and  emoluments  were  heaped  upon  Sir  Gerald.  First, 
he  was  appointed  seneschal  for  the  county  of  Cavaa 
— a  very  lucrative  office  at  the  time  referred  to.  He  held 
also  the  constableship  of  the  castle  of  Phillipstown  for 
life.  In  16 1 3  he  was  chosen  to  represent  the  boroitgh  of 
Dungannon  in  parliament ;  and  in  1615  he  was  appointed 
one  of  the  council  to  the  president  of  Munster.  In  the 
year  last  named,  he  was  created  Baron  Moore  of  Mellifoot 
by  Privy  Seal,  and  by  patent  at  Dublin  on  the  aoth  of 
July,  1016  ;  the  following  day  being  Sunday,  Lord  Mooie 
and  Lord  Ardee  were  formally  initiated  as  barons  by  the 
the  deputy,  Chichester,  in  St.  Patrick's  cathedral,  alter  a 
sermon  preached  by  Dr.  James  Ussher  from  the  text  — 
*'  There  Wire  more  noblemen  than  they  which  teert  §i 
Thessalonica ;"  but  how  this  learned  church  antiqoarj 
applied  these  words  we  are  not  told,  and  we  could  not 
easily  imagine.  In  1621,  Lord  Moore  was  created  Viscount 
Moore  of  Drogheda,  the  King  writing  in  reference  to  this 
matter,  as  follows: — "Whereas  we  did,  not  Xtrng  since, 
give  a  royal  testimony  to  the  world  of  the  graciotts 
opinion  we  had  conceived  of  our  right  trusty  and  wdl- 
beloved  Sir  Garrett  Moore  of  Mellyfonte,  whereby  for  the 
eminency  of  his  own  virtues,  and  the  good  services  done 
both  by  himself  and  his  ancestors  to  our  Crown,  we  were 
pleased  to  advance  to  the  dignity  of  a  baron  of  that  oar 
realm  ;  forasmuch  as  his  accustomed  zeal  and  integrity  to 
our  service,  together  with  his  porte  and  carriage,  smoe 
that  honour  was  conferred  upon  him,  have  made  him  in 
our  princely  judgment  worthy  of  a  greater,  we,  therefore, 
are  pleased  to  create  him  a  viscount  of  that  kingdon.** 
(See  Lodge's  Peeraj*e,  edited  by  Archdall,  toL  il,  pfk 
95*97)*  Of  Lord  Moore*s  'proportion,*  Dr.  Stuart  ob- 
serves:— "We  believe  the  Protestant  colony  of  Dram* 
banagher,  which  has  since  flourished  so  exceedingly  nnder 
the  family  of  the  Moores,  had  its  origin.** 

(294).  Henry  Bowcher, — ^This  name  b  move  coiiecl^y 
written  Bourchiir.    The  proportioa  mbove 


PYiNNARS    SURVEY. 


571 


Bawne  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  being  loo  feet  in  length,  and  80  feet  in  breadth,  and  14  feet  high,  with 
two  P'lankcrs.  There  is  now  in  building  a  good  Stone  House,  which  is  fully  two  Stories  high, 
and  a  number  of  Workmen  labouring  for  the  speedy  finishing  thereof. 

CLXXIX.  1,000  Acres. 
Captain  Anthony  Smith  hath  1,000  acres  {295).  Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Stone  and 
Clay,  which  was  formerly  begun  by  Sir  Thomas  .Williams.  The  said  Captain  hath  begun  another 
Bawne  of  Stone  and  Lyme,  being  in  a  more  convenient  Place,  the  which  shall  be  80  feet  square, 
with  two  Flankers,  and  a  good  Stone  House  30  feet  long  and  20  feet  broad.  This  is  undertaken 
to  be  finished  by  July,  for  there  are  a  great  number  of  Men  at  Work. 

CLXXX.  200  Acres. 
Lieutenant  Poyns  (296)  hath  200  acres,  called  Curriator  {297).  Upon  this  there  is  a  Bawne 
of  80  feet  square,  the  lower  part  whereof  is  of  Stone  and  Clay,  with  a  House  in  it ;  but  he,  not 
liking  of  the  Seat,  hath  begun  a  Bawne  of  100  feet  square,  with  three  Flankers,  and  a  large  House, 
all  which  shall  be  of  Brick  and  Lyme,  which  is  there  now  in  the  Place,  with  Workmen  labouring 
very  hard,  and  is  undertaken  to  be  finished  by  August, 

CLXXXL     1,000  Acres. 
Henry  Mc Shane  O'Neal  hath  1,000  acres,  called  Camlough  (298);  but  he  being  lately  dead, 


originally  panted  to  John  Bourchier,  Henry's  elder 
brother.  They  were  the  sons  of  Sir  George  Bourchier, 
who  had  rendered  long  and  gallant  services  during  the 
war  again.sl  Hugh  O'Neill,  and  died  in  poverty,  unlike 
most  of  his  fellow-soldiers  of  fortune  at  the  time  (see 
p.  311).  His  second  son,  Henry,  above  mentioned, 
succeeded  to  the  eaildom  of  Bath.  **In  Bowcher's  settle- 
ment of  Claire,"  Dr.  Stuart  remarks,  "we  find  the  com- 
mencement of  the  Protestant  colony  at  the  village  of 
Clare  anil  its  vicinity."     See  History  of  Armagh^  p.  640. 

(295).  \ ^000  acres. — This  officer  was  styled  of  A/oyry, 
in  the  county  of  Armagh,  and  obtained  a  small  proportion 
which  ha<l  belonged  to  Sir  Thomas  Williams, but  whether 
by  purchase  fn)m  the  latter,  or  by  grant  from  the  Crown 
there  is  no  record  in  the  inquisitions.  He  died  on  the 
1st  of  August,  1637,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  grandson 
and  lieir,  Richard  Smith,  who  was  then  seven  years  of 
age.     fmjuisitions  of  Ulster^  Armagh,  (26)  Car.  I. 

(296).  Lieut.  Poyns. — Seep.  312.  This  servitor  was  a 
youn;;er  son  of  Sir  Charles  Toyntz,  of  the  very  ancient 
family  of  Ironacton,  in  Gloucestershire.  He[Lieut.  Poyntz] 
was  knighte<l  in  1630,  by  Adam  Loftus,  the  lord  chancellor, 
known  as  Viscount  Ely,  and  Richard  Boyle  Earl  of  Cork. 
On  the  outl)reak  of  the  war  in  1641,  he  was  seizeii  with 
several  others,  and  imprisoned  for  a  time  at  Newry.  Lord 
Conway,  with  the  assistance  of  Robt.  Monro,  the  Scottish 
general,  sent  to  Ulster  in  1642,  re-captured  Newry  from 
the  Irish,  releasing  Sir  Charles  Poyntz,  Captain  Henry 
Smith,  and  several  others.  They  also  seized  the  castle  at 
Carlingford,  in  which  they  found  the  old  Lady  Iveagh,  a 
daugluer  of  the  Earl  of  Tyrone  ;  she  had  taken  refuge  at 
Carlingford  as  a  place  supposed  to  be  safer  and  of  greater 
strength  than  her  own  residence  at  Castlewellan.  Sir 
Charles    Poyntz  married   Christian   Whitechurch,    sister 


of  Sir  Marmaduke.  Their  son.  Sir  Toby  Poyntz,  married 
a  Miss  Buckworth  of  Acton,  county  of  Armagh,  by  whom 
he  left  two  daughters,  Sarah  and  Christian.  Sarah  mar- 
ried Major  Charles  Stewart  of  Ballintoy,  county  of 
Antrim,  and  Christian  married  Roger  Hall,  Esq.,  of 
Narrow- water.  The  estate,  which  was  known  as  the  manor 
or  Acton,  was  divided  equally  between  these  two  ladies, 
on  the  death  of  their  brother.  Sir  Charles  Poyntz,  without 
issue.  Papers  in  the  possession  of  James  Orr,  Esq.^  Viila 
Antoinettdy  Cannes. 

(297).  Curriator. — This  must  be  a  mistake  or  misprint 
for  Orriercightra.  In  a  list  of  lands  found  by  inquisition 
as  belonging  to  Charles  Poynts  (not  Poyns^  as  written  by 
Pynnar),  the  name  Curiator  does  not  appear.  "Charles 
Poyntes,  Esq.,  is  possessed  by  letters  patents,  bearing 
date  Nov.  30,  16 10,  of  the  following  lands,  in  the  county 
of  Armagh,  viz.,  Brenocke,  one  bdliboe  ;  2  partes  of  a 
balliboe  called  Lysray  ;  one  balliboe  called  Ballageeth  aP 
Lisscgrceth,  Ballreeth,  Tullynecrossy,  Carcrume,  Car- 
neagh,  the  moitie  of  Raconvale,  Ballcnebrokie,  Dro- 
mensouth,  Drewmore,  Tollylime,  and  Arthnarara,  and 
the  sixth  part  of  Neddernagh.  There  belong  to  the  sai<i 
towne  called  Brenocke  these  parcells  of  land  following, 
viz..  Mullock brenock,  with  the  hill  of  Brenock,  Bro- 
camande,  I^rkyne,  Brockermore,  and  the  moitie  o( 
Cormoker."  {Inquisitions  of  Ulster ^  Armagh  (10)  Jac. 
I. )  These  lands  lay  in  the  territory  anciently  known  as 
Orriereightra.  In  1618,  Sir  Charles  Poyntz  had  a  much 
larger  grants  of  lands  in  the  vicinity.  All  his  lands  were 
erected  into  the  manor  of  Acton. 

(298).  Camlough. — This  proportion  was  absorbed  into 
Sir  Toby  Caulfield's  immense  estates  at  the  death  of  the 
first  patentee,  Henry  McShane  O'Neill.  There  is  no 
evidence  from  the  inquisitions  that  Henry  MacShane  left 


572  THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 

it  is  in  the  hands  of  Sir  Toby  Caulfield,  who  intendeth  to  do  something  upon  it ;  for  as  yet  there  is 

nothing  built.  

London-Derry,  City  and  County. 

["The  first  buildings  of  which  we  took  note  were  at  Colrane,  where  we  saw  a  good  rampier 
[rampart]  of  earth  and  sods  raised  6  foot  high  and  12  or  14  foot  thick,  round  about  the  town,  and 
the  bulwarks  of  same  height,  the  ditch  digged  about  three  foot  deep,  and  near  the  fall  breadth  of 
36  or  40  foot ;  and  so  is  most  parte  of  the  Curten  between  the  first  and  second  bulwark.  The 
second  bulwark  near  the  full  height ;  and  the  Curten  between  the  second  and  third  bulwark,  in 
one  place  with  another,  8  and  9  foot  high,  and  the  ditch  all  that  way,  one  pace  accounted  with 

another  4  or  5  foot  deep A  mill-dam  with  a  bank  at  the  head  of  the  pond  of  300 

foot  long,  and  40  foot  broad,  and  14  or  15  deep,  with  two  very  fair  flood-gates,  lined  with  strong 
oaken  timber  and  planks.  A  faire  mill-house,  of  25  foot  and  }i  in  length  and  22  in  breadth,  of 
one  storie  high  :  three  mills  in  the  same  house,  one  for  wheat,  another  for  malt,  and  the  third  a 
tuck-mill.  A  very  fair  Pound  of  sawn  oaken  timber  of  40  foot  square.  A  bridge  or  wharf  made 
in  the  Bann,  of  60  foot  long,  and  1 2  foot  broad,  of  very  strong  oak  timber,  clasped  tc^ther  in 
the  joints  with  bars  and  bolts  of  Iron,  &c.,  &c. 

"  County  of  CoUraine,  In  the  county  of  Coleraine  we  neither  found  nor  understood  of  any- 
thing done,  or  in  hand  to  be  done,  by  the  Londoners,  towards  the  performance  of  the  Articles 
of  the  Plantation.  Their  agents  receive  the  rents  there,  and  in  the  barony  of  Lough  Enish  O'Ljn 
[Loughinsholin],  from  the  natives,  and  seek  not  to  remove  them,  which  makes  the  said  natives  to 
conceive  that  they  shall  not  be  displanted ;  which  is  a  great  hindrance  to  the  plantation  of  that 
county  and  ill  example  to  their  neighbours. 

"  T/i£  Castle  of  Lemavady,  Sir  Thomas  Phillips,  Knight,  hath  erected  a  water-mill  at  Lema- 
rady,  unto  which  he  drew  water  a  mile,  in  a  sluice  or  pond,  1 2  foot  broad  and  5  foot  deep ;  he 
hath  put  in  good  forwardness  an  Inn  builded  English  fashion,  for  the  relief  of  passengers  passing 
that  way,  containing  in  length  46  foot,  and  in  breadth  1 7  foot,  two  stories  high.  Timber  is  for  the 
most  part  ready  there,  and  brought  with  very  great  difficulty  out  of  the  woods  of  Glenconkeyne^ 
over  very  great  bogs  and  mountains  12  and  14  miles  distant  from  him,  which  hath  and  will  be  veiy 
chargeable.  He  hath  towards  the  building  of  the  castle  of  Lemavady,  and  other  buildings,  felled 
and  squared  in  the  woods  good  store  of  timber ;  and  hath  raised  store  of  stone  out  of  the  ditch, 
adjoining  the  castle,  being  a  very  hard  Rock,  whereby  he  intends  to  make  some  good  work  for  the 
defence  of  the  country. 

^^Dungiven.  Captain  Edward  Doddington  hath  builded  at  Dungiven  a  castle  of  23  foot 
broad,  four  stories  high,  whereof  some  part  of  the  walls  were  standing  before,  and  is  nov  by  him 
well  finished  and  slated.  He  hath  built  a  house  adjoining  to  the  castle  of  43  foot  long  and  18 
broad,  the  walls  whereof  some  parts  were  standing,  but  now  very  well  and  handsomely  slated  and 
finished.     He  hath  repaired  a  bawn  of  lime  and  stone  about  the  casde  and  the  house,  with  fl#n^f« 

«ii  heir,  but  whether  or  no,  Sir  Toby  took  the  responsi-      upon  it"    lliese  lands  were  probably  inooipoimled  with 
bllity  of  having  the  lands,  and  getting  * 'something  done      the  Charlemont  estates  by  the  act  of  SettieaicttU 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


573 


of  sufficient  strength  for  defence.  Towards  the  building  of  the  castle  and  the  bawn  he  had  200/. 
from  the  King,  upon  which  and  the  rest  of  his  building  he  hath  bestowed  300/.  as  he  affirmeth. 

"  Deny,  Next  we  came  to  Derry,  where  we  saw  the  church  well  slated  and  repaired.  Two 
fair  houses  of  stone,  two  stories  high,  slated  and  finished  with  cellars  to  each  house.  A  storehouse 
covered  and  walled  with  deal  boards,  with  a  place  to  work  dry  in.  A  thatched  house  wherein 
Mr.  Wray  dwelleth.  A  saw  pit  covered  with  deal  boards.  A  fair  large  smith's  forge,  with  a 
dwelling-house  to  the  same.  Two  fair  lime  kills  [kilns].  A  fair  wharf  of  300  foot  long,  and  about 
1 4  broad,  and  8  or  9  foot  high.  Two  heads  of  wharfs  at  the  ferr}'-places,  on  both  sides  the  river. 
A  bark  building  of  70  or  80  tons,  with  provisions  of  plank  and  other  timber  for  her,  &c.,  &c. 

''  The  Forte  of  Dcscrte  Marty  tie  ^  a  place  in  Glanconkeyne,  is  thought  fit  for  the  King's  service 
and  the  ser\ing  of  travellers  between  Colraine  and  all  parts  of  Tyrone  and  Armagh,  to  be  laid  out 
with  300  acres  for  a  fort,  to  be  erected  for  lodgings  for  a  constable  and  wardens.  The  London 
agents  have  agreed  to  the  place  and  number  of  acres,  but  in  regard  that  Deserte  Martine,  on  which 
the  fort  is  to  be  erected,  is  the  Bishop  of  Derry's  land  and  a  quarter  adjoining,  we  think  fit  that  the 
Londoners  should  give  him  so  much  in  exchange  thereof  of  their  own  land,  and  we  think  it  not 
amiss  that  the  King  should  give  200/.  towards  erecting  the  fort,  and  the  constable  to  pay  the 
overplus,  if  any."     Carew's -^^r/^/*/ in  161 1.] 

CLXXXII. 
The  City  of  LofidofhDeny  is  now  compassed  about  with  a  very  Strong  Wall  {299),  excellently 
made  and  neatly  wrought ;  being  all  of  good  Lime  and  Stone  ;  the  Circuit  whereof  is  283  Perches 
and  ;  3,  at  18  feet  to  the  Perch  ;  besides  the  four  gates  which  contain  84  feet :  and  in  every  Place 
of  the  Wall  it  is  24  feet  high,  and  six  feet  thick.  The  gates  are  all  battlemented,  but  to  two 
of  them  there  is  no  going  up,  so  that  they  ser\'e  no  great  use ;  neither  have  they  made  any  Leaves 


(299).  Strong  IWill. — The  improvement  in  this  respect 
during  the  interval  between  the  surveys  of  Carew  and 
I*ynnar  appears  to  have  been  very  considerable.  **The 
walls  of  \)QVTy  are  now  its  most  ancient  remains.  By  the 
original  compact  between  the  Crown  and  the  corporation  of 
London,  conchulcd  in  1609  (see  pp.  384-386),  it  was  stipu- 
lated that  they  should  be  finished  on  the  1st  of  November 
in  the  following  year  ;  but,  though  commenced,  they  were 
not  entirely  completed  for  several  years  after.  They  were 
laid  out  and  built  under  the  direction  of  Thomas  Raven 
of  London,  who  had  l>een  sent  over  for  the  purpose,  and 
the  total  cost  of  their  erection,  'including  ports,  or  gates, 
with  all  materials  and  workmanship,  was  ;f8,357.'" 
Although  Pynnar  was  so  well  pleased  with  the  substantial 
nature  of  the  walls  and  the  fortifications  generally,  he  did 
not  ajipear  to  recognise  the  fact  that  not  even  these  im- 
provements could  compensate  for  the  radically  defective 
position  of  the  city  for  defence.  This  fact,  however,  was 
not  overlooked  afterwards  by  the  commissioners  appointed 
in  1628  to  inquire  into  and  report  on  the  condition  of 
the  Londoner's  plantation  in  the  city  and  county.  **We 
have  viewed,"  say  they,  in  their  report,  '*all  the  fortifica- 
tions in  and  about  the  city  of  Londonderry,  and  do  find 
a  stone  wall  of  20  feet  high,  well  rampered  with  earth, 
and  8  bulwarks  ;  but  the  city  itself  is  so  ill  situated  that 


both  the  walls,  houses,  and  streets  lie  open  to  the  com* 
mand  of  any  shipping  that  shall  come  to  the  harbour, 
and  also  to  divers  hills  about  the  town,  and  to  many 
other  inconveniencies,  so  that  in  our  judgment  it  is  not  a 
place  of  defence,  nor  tenable  if  any  foreign  enemy  were 
to  come  before  it."  This  grand  defect  could  have  been 
avoided  had  Sir  Henry  Docw^ra's  original  design  in  plan- 
ning the  position  of  the  town  been  afterwards  carried  out 
His  intention  was  to  enlarge  the  town  in  a  southern 
direction  ;  whereas,  the  Londoners,  by  permitting  it  to 
increase  towards  the  river,  and  to  descend  to  the  very 
river,  left  the  place  almost  entirely  at  the  mercy  of  cannon 
fired  from  the  direction  of  the  harbour.  (See  Memoir  0/ 
the  Parish  of  Templemore^  p.  99).  "The  walls  of  Deny, 
says  the  Rev.  G.  V.  Sampson,  **once  its  strength,  are 
now  its  ornament ;  they  form  the  mall  and  parade.  They 
are  freauented  by  all  ranks  and  ages  of  the  city,  and 
afford,  from  various  points  of  view,  an  extended  prospect^ 
reaching  along  the  winding  channel,  the  expanding  basin« 
and  the  jutting  banks  of  the  river.  To  render  this  land- 
scape perfectly  beautiful,  wood  only  is  required."  (See 
Memoir  of  the  Charts  &c.,  p.  201).  The  want  of  wood 
in  Sampson's  time,  1814,  has  been  since  extenstydy 
supplied. 


574 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


for  their  Gates ;  but  make  two  Draw-Bridges  serve  for  two  of  them,  and  two  Portcullices  for  the 
other  two  (300).  The  Bullwarks  (301)  are  very  large  and  good,  being  in  number  nine  ;  besides  two 
half  Bullwarks  ;  and  for  four  of  them  there  may  be  four  Cannons,  or  other  great  Pieces  ;  the  rest 
are  not  all  out  so  large,  but  wantcth  very  little.  The  Rampart  within  the  City  is  1 2  feet  thick  of 
Earth ;  all  things  are  very  well  and  substantially  done,  saving  there  wanteth  a  House  for  the 
Soldiers  to  watch  in,  and  a  Centinell  House  for  the  Soldiers  to  stand  in,  in  the  Night,  to  defend 
them  from  the  Weather  (302),  which  is  most  extreme  in  these  Parts.  Since  the  last  Survey 
[/>.  that  made  by  Sir  Josias  Bodley],  there  is  built  a  School,  which  is  67  feet  in  length,  and  25 
in  breadth,  with  two  other  Small  Houses.  Other  building  there  is  not  any  within  the  City. 
The  whole  number  of  Houses  within  the  City  is  92,  and  in  them  there  are  102  Families, 
which  are  far  too  few  a  number  for  the  Defence  of  such  a  Circuit,  they  being  scarce  able  to  man 
one  of  the  Bullwarks ;  neither  is  there  room  enough  to  set  up  a  100  Houses  more,  unless  they  will 
make  them  as  little  as  the  first,  and  name  each  Room  for  a  House  (303). 


(300).  The  othsr  huo. — For  an  account  of  the  four 
original  gates  of  Derry,  as  mentioned  in  Carew's  rei>ort  of 
161 1,  see  p.  572.  These  four  gates  soon  came  to  be 
called  respectively  "the  Bishop's  Gate,  the  Ship-quay 
Gate,  the  New  Gate  [now  Butcher's  Gate],  and  the  Ferry 
Gate  [now  Ferry-quay  Gate] ;  two  others,  commonly 
called  the  New  Gate  and  the  Castle  Gate,  but  not  by 
authority,  were  subsequently  added.  Between  1805  and 
1808,  the  first  three  were  rebuilt  at  an  expense  of  ;^i,403 
3f.  The  Bishop's  Gate  and  the  Ship-quay  Gate  arc  alone 
embellished.  The  former  is  a  triumphal  arch  erected  to 
the  memory  of  William  III.,  in  1789,  by  the  corporation, 
with  the  concurrence  of  the  Irish  Society,  at  the  centenary 
of  the  opening  of  the  gates."  (See  Memoir  of  the  Parish 
of  Teniplemorey  p.  100).  **The  form  of  the  city  is  that 
of  a  parallelogram,  whose  longest  sides  range  from  north- 
east to  south-west,  and  the  shorter  north-east  to  south- 
east. It  has  four  main  streets  within  the  walls  ;  each  of 
these,  commencing  at  The  Diamond,  or  public  square, 
terminates  at  an  arch  passing  under  the  wall  where  the 
gates  formerly  were  placed.  The  length  of  the  city, 
within  the  walls,  from  Bishop's  Gate  to  Ship-quay  Gate, 
is  1,273  ^^'et ;  the  breadth,  from  Fcrr}'-quay  Gate  to 
Butcher's  (iatc,  is  635  feet."  See  Sampson's  Memoir  of 
the  Charts  p.  199. 

(301 ).  The  Bulwarks.  — For  an  account  of  the  Bulwarks 
as  mentioned  in  Carew's  report  of  161 1,  see  p.  572. 
Four  of  the  principal  bulwarks  were  named  repectively 
as  follows: — i.  The  A7;/^j  Bulwark,  on  the  west  of  the 
Ferry-port ;  2.  Master  IVabions  Bulwark,  also  on  the 
west  of  the  Ferry-port ;  3.  Chichester's  Bulwark,  on  the 
south  of  the  Ship-quay  gate  ;  4.  The  Prince's  Bulwark, 
on  the  south  of  the  15ishop's  gate.  These  names  were 
given  respectively  in  honour  of  the  King,  Vauban.  the 
French  military  engineer,  the  lord  deputy,  and  Prince 
Henry.  The  original  names  of  the  five  remaining  bul- 
warks, have  not  been  ascertained.  At  the  time  of  the 
outbreak  in  1 64 1,  the  commanders  in  and  around  Derry 
took  prompt  measures  for  protection  against  the  Irish, 
and  according  to  the  programme  laid  down,  the  follow- 
ing, among  other  matters,  were  agreed  on: — '*Captain 
Pitt  to  make  good  the  King's  Bulwark  to  the  Ferrigate. 


Captain  Thornton  from  the  Ferrigate  to  Master  Wabion's 
Bulwark ;  and  they  two  to    make  go  3d  the    Ferrigate. 
Captain    Kilmer  from    Mixster   Wabion's     Bulwark    to 
Chichester's  Bulwark,  to  make  good   the   Shipkeygate. 
Captain  Finch  from  the  end  of  Chichester's  Bulwark  to 
the   Butchersgate.     Captain   Osb'>riie   from    the  end  of 
Chichester's    Bulwark    to    the    Butcher-gate.      Captjuii 
Lawson   to  make  good  the  Prince's   Bulwark,  ajid  the 
Bishopsgate    to    the     King's    Bulwark."       During    the 
memorable  siege  of  Derry,  in    16S8-9,  these   bulwarks 
or    bastions    were   popularly    known    by    other   names 
than  the  foregoing,  the    nine   bein^    mentioned    in    a 
Description  of  Londonderry,  annexevl  to  Neville's  plan 
of   the  siege,   as  the  Double  Bastio:i,    Royall    Bastum, 
Hangman's  Bastion,  Gunner's    B.vstion,   Coward's   Bas- 
tion, Water   Bastion,  Newgate  Bo-stion,  Ferry  Bastion, 
and   Church  Bastion.     See   Memoirs  of    ths  Parish  ^ 
Templcmore,  pp.  44,  99,  100. 

(302).  From  the  weather. — This  very  serious  want  was 
supplied  in  1628,  when  the  corporation  of  London  were 
ordered  by  the  King  "to  build  and  erect  guard-house, 
centinel  houses,  stairs  and  passages  to  the  bulwarks  and 
ramparts,  where  they  are  deficient  or  defective."  This 
prompt  command  set  the  I^ndoners  to  commence  buikl- 
ing  three  guard-houses  and  ei^ht  platforms.  Two  of  the 
guani  or  sentinel  houses  tiien  erected  siill  remain,  which 
are  situated  between  the  Bishop's  Gate  and  the  South 
Bastion.     Ibid.,  p.  100. 

(303).  For  a  house. — For  an  acconnt  of  the  houses,  and 
their  positions,  as  reported  by  Carew  in  161 1,  see  p.  572. 
By  an  article  of  the  original  agreement  between  the 
Government  and  Londoners  in  1609,  the  latter  were 
bound  or  *  tied  '  to  build  200  houses,  leaving  room  for 
300  more  ;  and  to  finish  60  houses  of  the  number  by  the 
1st  of  November  then  next  following,  with  convenient 
fortifications,  the  remaining  number  of  the  200  to  be 
built  and  perfected,  with  the  remaining  forttficatiotts,  by 
the  I  St  of  November,  161 1.  (Sec  pj>.  384-386).  Th» 
part  of  their  contract  the  Londoners  tlagrantiTneglected 
to  fulfil.  We  find  from  Pynnar  that  even  in  the  year  l6iQ 
only  92  houses  had  been  buiit ;  and  Sir  Thomas  Phillipi 
afterwards  states  that,  down  to  the  year  i6a6,  there 


PYNNAR  S    SURVEY. 


575 


CuLMooRE  Fort. 
CLXXXIII. 
This  Fort  or  Blockhouse  of  Cttlmoore  is  now  in  the  Hands  of  Captain  John  Baker  \  the  Walls 
are  now  finished  and  the  Castle  built ;  all  which  is  strong  and  neatly  wrought ;  with  Platforms  for 
their  Artillery ;  and  this  is  the  only  key  and  strength  of  the  River  that  goeth  to  the  Derry  (304). 

COLERANE. 

CLXXXIV. 

The  Town  of  Colerane  is  at  the  same  state  it  was  at  the  last  survey  (305) ;  there  are  but  three 


only  102  houses  of  lime  and  stone  erected  ;  but  in  addi- 
tion to  these  there  were  26  houses  and  12  cabins  built  at 
the  expense  of  private  persons.  The  neglect  or  default 
of  the  Londoners  in  this  matter  formed  one  of  the  chief 
articles  of  complaint  which  led  to  the  several  sequestra- 
tions of  the  city  and  county  preceding  the  year  1 628,  and 
to  the  appointment  of  commissioners  by  the  King  in  that 
year,  to  inquire  respecting  the  progress  made,  or  in- 
tended to  have  been  made,  in  the  county  of  London- 
derr)',  and  town  of  Colerainc.  "In  answer  to  the 
first  article  of  inquiry-,  namely,  that  200  were  to  have 
been  built  in  the  city  of  Londonderry,  and  room  left  for 
300  more,  the  commissioners  reported  that  *if  every  single 
house,  that  is,  ever>'  bay^  or  building,  or  every  lowest 
room,  with  wliat  is  about  it,  is  to  Ixj  esteemed  an  house, 
then  there  are  in  Derry  about  200  houses ;  if  the  houses 
are  to  be  esteemed  according  to  the  householders  or  fami- 
lies, then  there  are  135  houses;  if  according  to  the  esti- 
mation of  those  whom  we  employed  to  viewe  the  houses, 
there  are  about  1 01,  that  is  to  say,  in  Queen-street,  Silver- 
street,  and  Market-place,  77  houses  and  a  half,  of  two 
stories  high,  being  in  length  from  out  to  outside  36  feet, 
and  16  wide  within  the  walls;  in  Gracious-sreet, 
Shambles-street,  and  Pump-street,  33  and  a  half,  of  one 
storey  in  height,  in  length  some  28  feet,  and  some  24 
feet  from  out  to  outside,  in  breadth  16  feet  within  the 
walls.'  In  answer  to  the  second  article,  they  reported 
that  *  although  the  houses  be  reckoned  according  to  the 
first  estimate,  that  is,  a  house  for  every  bay^  yet  there  is 
not  room  left  for  300  more,  because  the  school-house  and 
the  yard,  and  the  new  church  begun,  with  the  intended 
church-yard,  take  up  a  gootl  part  of  the  room.'  '*  Another 
sequestration  followed  this  inquiry,  which,  in  its  turn, 
was  soon  afterwards  taken  off,  and  in  1629,  a  new  bargain 
about  the  building  of  these  specified  houses  made  between 
the  Government  and  the  Londoners.  The  promises  of 
the  latter  were  rendered  partly  impracticable  by  the 
troubles  that  soon  set  in,  and  were  never  fully  performed. 
See  Memoir  of  the  Parish  of  TcmpUniore  p.  lOl. 

(304).  Gocth  to  the  Derry. — For  an  account  of  the 
original  ])uilding  of  this  fort,  see  p.  104.  In  1616, 
Thomas  Raven  was  engaged  for  two  years  for  measuring 
and  setting  out  the  fortifications  of  Derry  and  Culmore  ; 
at  which  period  the  castle  was  erected,  as  appears  from 
Pynnar's  notice  above.  "From  this  period  down  to  the 
present  [1837],  a  regular  succession  of  governors  has 
been  kept  up,  though,  as  a  military  station,  Culmore  has 
been  disused  for  more  than  a  century.  Indeed,  even  so 
early  as  1 622,  the  default  of  the  Londoners  in  not  keep* 


ing  a  proper  ward  in  it,  according  to  their  agreement, 
was  made  one  of  the  articles  of  complaint  against  them 
by  the  commissioners  Phillips  and  Hadsor,  who  stated 
that  they  were,  by  the  20th  article  [of  the  original  agree- 
ment of  1609],  to  mainteine  a  sufficient  ward  at  Kilmore 
[Culmore],  which  the  allowance  of  85/1.  per  annum  will 
not  doe.  And  therefore  ought  to  have  better  care  had 
of  it."  In  consequence  of  this  complaint  it  was  ordered, 
in  1624,  by  the  committee  of  the  Lords  appointed  by  the 
King  to  treat  with  the  Londoners,  *  That  the  fort  of  Cul- 
more be  sufficiently  cared  for,  and  furnished  with  orden- 
ance,  municon,  warders,  and  gunners,  according  to  the 
contract.'  In  1626,  a  new  committee  having  been  ap- 
pointed to  confer  with  a  deputation  of  the  corporation  of 
London,  they  alleged  as  an  exception  taken  against  the 
I^ndoner's  charter  in  point  of  law,  *  that  they  nave  past 
their  charter  of  the  castle  and  lands  of  Culmore  contrarie 
to  their  articles,  which  are  condicional  and  have  instead 
of  a  condicion  obtruded  a  covenant  of  their  parte  upon 
the  Crowne  to  maintaine  a  sufficient  warde  there,  which 
covenant  they  have  apparently  broken.'  To  this  charge 
the  corporation  made  answer  that  'the  Castle  and  Landes 
of  Culmore  is  noe  otherwise  passed  unto  them  than  was 
intended,  as  may  appeare  by  the  articles  between  your 
Lordship  and  the  Cittie,  and  that  they  have  not  broken  the 
covenant,  for  they  have  ever  had  (the  times  considered)  a 
sufficient  ward  there,  and  now  in  theise  times  of  danger 
they  have  increased  the  nombrc  of  the  wanlers  according 
to  the  direction  of  the  I^rd  Blaney.'  The  subsequent 
history  of  Culmore,  until  the  beginning  of  the  i8th  cen- 
tury may  be  found  pretty  fully  m  the  publication  by  the 
Irish  Society,  known  as  the  Concise  View*  The  garrison 
at  this  place  was  discontinued  after  the  Revolution,  al- 
though the  Crown  always  maintained  the  office  of  gover- 
nor, and  for  many  years  past  it  has  been  conferred  as  a 
reward  for  distinguished  services, — the  governors  succes- 
sively held  the  omce  as  an  honourable  military  sinecure, 
and  enjoyed  the  anciently  established  pay  annexed  to  the 
office,  as  well  as  the  annuity  of  200/.  paid  by  the  Irish 
Society,  and  the  profits  arising  out  of  the  fort-lands, 
according  to  the  agreement  between  the  Crown  and  the 
Irish  Society,  made  in  the  year  1665.  The  lands  connected 
with  Cidmore  include  upwards  of  440  acres,  and,  in 
1825,  were  estimated  at  the  yearly  value  of  600/.  i6s, 
Z}id.,  late  Irish  currency.  See  Memoir  of  the  Parish  of 
Templetnore^  pp.  237-240. 

(305).  Last  Survey, — The  survey  to  which  Pynnar  here 
refers  was  that  ma(ie  by  Sir  Josias  Rodley  in  1 61 5,  bat 
which,  unfortunately,  is  not  forthcoming. 


576 


THE    PLANTATION    IN    ULSTER. 


Houses  added  more  to  tlie  Building,  which  are  done  by  other  men ;  only  the  City  hath  allowed 
them  ;^2o  apiece  towards  their  building.  'Hiat  part  of  the  Town  which  is  unbuilt,  is  so  extream 
dirty  that  no  Man  is  able  to  go  in  it,  and  especially  that  which  should  be,  and  is,  accounted  to  be 
the  Market  Place.  The  Walls  and  Ramparts  built  of  Sodds,  and  filled  ^-ith  Earth,  do  begin  to 
decay  very  much,  and  to  moulder  away ;  for  the  Ramparts  are  so  narrow  that  it  is  impossible  they 
should  stand,  and  the  BuUwarks  are  so  exceeding  little  that  there  cannot  be  placed  any  piece  of 
Artillery,  if  occasion  were.  There  are  two  small  Ports  which  are  made  of  Timber  and  Boards,  and 
they  serve  for  Houses  for  Soldiers  to  watch  in.  The  town  is  so  poorly  inhabited  that  there  are  not 
Men  enough  to  Man  the  sixth  Part  of  the  Wall  (306). 

Gould-Smiths-Hall  (307). 
CLXXXV.     3,210   Acres. 
John  Freeman^  Esq.,  hath  this  Proportion,  containing  by  estimation  3,210  Acres.     Upon  this 
Proportion  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Lime  and  Stone,  100  feet  square,  16  feet  high,  with  four  Flankers. 


(306).  Of  the  Wall. — For  accounts  of  the  energy  and 
results  of  the  Londoners'  first  start  in  the  way  of  planta- 
tion at  Coleraine,  see  Davys's  letter  and  Carew's  report, 
pp.  406,  572.  Pynnar's  very  disparaging  observations 
contrast  most  unfavourably  with  those  of  the  two  shan)- 
sighted  men  above  named,  and  were  no  doubt  useful  in 
stirring  up  the  inhabitants  of  Coleraine  to  look  more 
carefully  into  their  sad  condition  as  a  corporate  town. 
That  place,  with  its  surroundings,  has  long  been  one  of 
the  most  attractive  districts  in  Ulster.  At  the  commence- 
ment of  the  present  century  Coleraine  is  described  **as 
still  the  second  town  in  the  county  as  to  extent  and  im- 
l^ortance.  .  .  .  Strictly  speaking,  the  original  burgh 
is  situated  on  the  east  side  of  the  Bann  ;  but  we  usually 
account  that  part  called  Captain-street,  with  the  suburb  of 
Killowcn,  as  appertaining  to  the  town  itself.  With  this 
addition,  we  may  reckon  from  the  upper  gate  of  Jackson 
Hall  to  the  termination  beyond  the  King  s  Gate,  a  street 
whose  length  is  about  three  quarters  of  a  mile.  .  .  In 
the  centre  of  the  original  town,  as  it  seems  to  have  been 
laid  out  in  the  administration  of  Sir  John  l^errot,  stood 
the  public  square  or  market-place.  This  is  still  preserved 
with  some  regularity,  excepting  as  to  the  height  of  the 
houses  ;  those  of  modern  erection  being  higher  than  those 
on  the  original  plan,  some  of  which  latter  are  yet  in 
preservation.  These  ancient  houses  were  built  in  what  is 
called  cagcwork  ;  the  interstices  were  filled  up  with 
wicker  and  clay,  some  of  which  I  have  very  lately  seen 
[1814]  in  perfect  preservation.  According  to  the  fashion 
of  the  day,  these  houses  had  projecting  pent-ways,  which 
are  now  for  the  most  part  removed."  {^cq  Sampson' s 
Memoir  of  the  Chart  of  Loudonderry^  pp.  208,  209). 
Carcw  makes  no  reference,  in  161 1,  to  any  houses  standing 
on  the  site  of  Coleraine,  except  such  as  were  then  in 
course  of  erection  by  the  Londoners,  which  were  nearly 
all  wooden,  and  the  remains  of  which  Sampson  supposed 
had  belonged  to  earlier  erections  there.  A  few  of  the 
plantation  houses  remained  until  recently  in  The  Diamond 
of  Coleraine. 

(307)-   Gould -Smiths- Hal  I. — The  Goldsmiths*  propor- 
tion is  situatetl  in  the  barony  of  Tirkecran,  being  bounded 


on  the  north  and  west  by  the  lough  and  river  Foylc ;  on 
the  south  by  the  confines  or  borders  of  Tyrone ;  and  on 
the  east  by  the  lauds  of  the  Grocers  and  Skinners  alter- 
nately. Along  its  eastern  boundary  are  marked  on 
Sampson's  Chart,  the  localities  of  Monaghbeg,  Tirbraken, 
and  Lismacarroll.  Along  the  Foyle,  on  the  west,  are 
Gobinskeal,  Tamneymore,  Frehen,  Cattybane,  Danhc^h, 
Ballyorr,  Rosnagalligh,  Campernow,  Hallstown,  and 
Drumagore.  Throughout  the  other  districts  in  this  pro- 
portion the  apparently  principal,  places,  marked  on  the 
map,  are  Altnagalrin,  Fincam,  Lithgow,  Drumahoc^ 
Gortica,  Crumpkill,  Tullyally,  Glenderowen,  Worbles- 
shifTy,  Cloghore,  Tully,  Taghrina,  Bogagh,  Craigtown, 
Killymallaght,  Diumconan,Tiravney,  Camofarran,Creeve- 
donnell,  and  Corr>'free.  The  Goldsmiths'  Company  ii 
one  of  four  who  have  sold  their  lands  in  perpetuity,  with 
a  small  reserved  rent,  generally  between  4G0/.  and  500/.  So 
early  as  the  year  1730,  the  Goldsmiths  sold  their  manor  of 
Goldsmiths'  Hall  to  the  Earl  of  Shelbame  for  the  sara  of 
14, 100/. ,  and  a  reserve  rent  of  450/. — not  a  bad  return  at 
that  period  for  their  original  outlay  of  3,333/.  The  fmaO 
head  rent  gives  the  Goldsmiths  still  the  semblanoe  of 
authority  on  their  lands,  and  the  Irish  Society  is  thus,  ia 
occasional  reports,  privileged  to  go  through  a  formal 
routine  of  suggestions,  or  exhortations,  or  commands,  as 
to  the  management  of  their  property.  In  1838,  the 
Goldsmiths'  lands,  which  had  long  passed  from  the  fint 
purchaser,  Lord  Shelbume,  are  referred  to  by  the  IriA 
Society's  report  in  the  following  terms: — "This  estate 
has  been  miserably  neglected,  but  we  hope,  now  that  the 
whole  is  in  possession  of  Leslie  Alexander,  Esq.,  of  Foyle 
Park,  he  will  immediately  attend  to  the  pertormanoe  of 
those  duties  incumbent  on  him  as  the  possessor  of  Urn 
Proportion."  The  Irish  Society's  advice  will  have  siiiee^ 
no  doubt,  been  addressed  to  several  other  holden  of  fnf* 
ments  of  the  Goldsmiths'  lands,  for  the  &mily  of  Alei- 
ander  now  retains  not  much  over  5,000  acres  of  the  mi 
(See  Report  presented  to  the  Irish  Society ,  1838,  p.  40;i 
also  Returns  of  Owners  of  Land  in  Ireiand^or  iruh  Dmi 
day  Book,  1875).  I^^lie  Alexander,  Esq.,  of  Foyle  Ymk^ 
was  descended  from  a  Scottish  deigynan,  Uie  Rev»  Andicfr 


PYNNAR'S    SURVEY. 


577 


Also,  there  is  a  large  Castle  or  Stone  House  in  building  within  the  Wall,  which  was  two  Stories 
high,  and  the  Workmen  earnestly  at  Work  to  finish  it  with  all  Haste.  There  are  also  six  Houses 
of  Stone,  and  six  of  Timber,  very  strong  and  well  built,  and  seated  in  a  very  good  and  convenient 
Place  for  the  King's  service.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  6,  viz., 

1  having  i8o  acres. 

5  having  6o  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  24,  viz., 

2  having  300  acres  le  piece. 
2  having  120  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  100  acres. 
10  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

1  having  50  acres, 
4  having  40  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  30  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  46  acres. 

I  having  20  acres. 

Grocers-Hall  alias  Muffe  (308). 
CLXXXVL     3,210  Acres. 
Edward  Rone  had  this  Proportion,  but  he  being  dead,  there  is  nobody  to  aver  for  the 
buildings.     Upon  this  Proportion  there  is  a  Bawne  in  Building,  100  feet  square,  with  four  Flankers; 


Total,  30  Families,  who,  with 
their  under  Tenants,  are  able  to 
make  90  Men  armed,  and  have 
taken  the  Oath  of  Supremacy. 


Alexander,  who  settled  in  Ulster,  and  married  Dorothea, 
a  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Caulfield,  of  the  Charlemont 
family.  Their  son,  Andrew,  married  a  daughter  of  Sir 
Thomas  Phillips,  and  had,  by  this  lady,  Jacob  Alexander, 
Esq.,  of  Limavady.  This  gentleman  married  as  his  first 
wife,  in  1692,  Margaret  or  Jane,  daughter  and  heiress  of 
John  Oliver,  Esq.,  of  The  Lodge,  Limavady,  appointed 
to  administer  the  oath  of  allegiance  on  the  succession  of 
William  and  Mary.  By  this  lady  he  left  at  least  six 
children,  viz.,  I^eslie,  John,  James,  Oliver,  Jane,  and 
Elizabeth.      Leslie,  who  resided  at   Limavady,   married 

Anne,  daughter  of Simpson,   Esq.,  Armagh; 

John,  the  second  son,  married  Hester  King,  of  Lima- 
vady ;  James,  the  third  son,  became  a  general  in  the 
East  India  Company's  service  ;  Oliver  died  young  ;  Jane 
married  Roljert  Ogilby,  M.D.  ;  and  Elizabeth  beoune  the 
wife  of  James  Orr  of  Gorten.  The  eldest  son,  Leslie, 
left  by  his  wife  five  sons  and  a  daughter,  viz.,  John, 
Leslie,  James,  vVlexander,  Thomas,  and  Jane.  John,  the 
eldest  son,  married  Margaret,  a  daughter  of  Samuel 
Maxwell,  Esq.,  of  Armagh.  He  died  at  Limavady  in 
1849,  leaving  four  sons  and  two  daughters.  The  two 
eldest  died  in  youth  ;  the  third,  Samuel  MaxweU 
Alexander,  owns  the  portion  of  the  Goldsmiths'  lands 
above  mentioned  ;  and  the  fourth,  John,  resides  in  Lima- 
vady. These  are  the  descendants  of  Jacob  Alexander 
above  named,  by  his  first  wife,  Margaret  Oliver.  His 
second  wife  was  a  Scottish  lady,  the  daughter  of  Laird 
X  2 


Hillis.  By  the  latter  he  left  one  son,  Nathaniel,  who 
married  Elizabeth,  a  daughter  of  William  McCIintock, 
Esq.,  of  Dunmore,  county  of  Donegal.  By  this  lady  he 
left  three  sons  and  two  daughters,  viz.,  William,  Robert, 
James,  Anne,  and  Elizabeth.  James,  the  third  son, 
having  filled  several  important  offices  in  India,  was 
elevated  to  the  peerage  of  Ireland  in  June,  1790,  by  the 
title  of  Baron  Caledon  of  Caledon,  county  Tyrone ;  in 
1797  he  was  created  a  viscount,  and  in  1800  Earl  of 
Caledon.  In  1774  he  married  Anne,  second  daughter  of 
James  Crawford  of  Crawfordsbum,  his  wife  dying  in  1777. 
By  this  lady  he  left  an  only  son,  named  Du  Pre,  and  two 
daughters,  Mabella  and  Elizabeth.  Du  Pre,  bom  in 
1777,  succeeded  as  second  Earl  of  Caledon  in  1802,  and 
died  in  1839.  He  married  Catl^ne  Freeman,  second 
daughter  of  Philip,  third  Earl  of  Hardwicke.  Mabella 
married  Andrew,  the  eleventh  Lord  Blaney,  and  died  in 
1854.  James  Du  Pre  Alexander,  the  third  Earl  of 
Caledon,  married  Lady  lane  Frederica  GrimstOn,  foorth 
daughter  of  the  first  Earl  of  Verulam.  James  Alexander, 
the  fourth  Earl  of  Caledon,  succeeded  his  father.  See 
NichoU's  Hutory  of  the  Ironmongers^  pp.  613-615. 

(308).  Alias  Muffe, — ^This  is  the  only  other  company 
whose  lands  lie  in  the  barony  of  Tirkeerin.  The  manor 
of  Muff,  or  Grocers'  Hall,  is  bounded  on  the  north  by 
Lough  Foyle,  and  it  extends  southward  as  far  as  the 
BomtoUet  river.  Its  western  boundanr  is  the  river  Foyk; 
and  castwaxd,  it  meets  the  lands  of  the  Fishmongeis' 


S78 


THE   PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


the  Walls  are  now  five  feet  high.  By  this  Bawne  there  are  built  four  Strong  Houses  of  Lime  and 
Stone,  and  well  slated.  There  are  four  more  that  are  built  in  other  Places,  somewhat  further  off 
There  are  other  Houses  of  Lime  and  Stone,  that  are  upon  the  Land  dispersed ;  but  they  are  built 
by  the  Tenants  themselves ;  and  yet  have  no  estates,  and  likely,  as  they  tell  me,  to  be  removed, 
some  of  them  having  spent  upon  their  buildings  ;^ioo;  and  this  is  through  the  slackness  of  the 
Company  that  have  not  made  estates  to  the  Undertakers  (309).  All  this  Land  for  the  most  part 
is  inhabited  with  Irish, 

Fishmongers-Hall  alias  Ballykelle  (310). 
CLXXXVII.     3,210  Acres. 
This  Proportion  is  in  the  Hands  oi  James  Higgins^  a  Merchant  of  London,  whose  Agent 


Company.  Along  its  eastern  border  the  principal  places 
marked  on  Sampson's  map  are  Longfieldmore,  Longfield- 
begg,  Killylane,  Camakilly,  Muff,  Mainabay,  and  Muina- 
hanegan.  Among  the  chief  places  marked  throughout  this 
proportion  are  Culkeeragh,  Donnybrewer,  Carrakill,  May- 
down,  Killnanappy,  Moybuy,  Gorticross,  Gortree,  Camsey, 
Cloghole,  Whitehill,  Derryarkin,  Falloward,  Gortnessy, 
£denreagh,Clunmakane,  Brockagh,  Listres,  Tamneyeerin, 
Gortinread  and  Ballygroll.  The  present  village  of  Muff 
stands  on  the  road  from  Londonderry  to  Coleraine,  about 
a  mile  south  from  the  shore  of  Lough  Foyle.  Certain 
lands  were  set  apart  by  the  Crown  in  a  few  manors,  prob- 
ably about  the  year  1626,  to  be  created  into  small  native 
freeholds,  for  natives  who  had  been  at  the  above  date 
considered  the  most  deserving.  These  little  patches,  now 
known  as  native  freeholds^  are  marked  on  the  map  in 
connexion  with  the  several  manors  where  they  exist. 
Thus,  there  are  native  freeholds  on  the  Grocers*  lands 
marked  at  Donnybrewer,  Cloghole,  Killnanappy,  Ardkill, 
and  Gorticross.  A  second  class  of  small  freeholds  were 
created  by  the  Crown  for  the  important  purpose  of  secur- 
ing a  sufficient  number  of  Protestant  jurors  to  assist  in 
carrying  through  the  county  business  at  the  assizes. 
**Six  of  these  freeholds,"  says  Sampson,  **seem  to  have 
been  disposed  and  annexed  along  the  borders  of  each 
proportion  [or  manor],  and  these  are  what  we  term  the 
Crown  freeholds^  (See  Memoir  of  Charts  p.  251). 
Crown  freeholds,  in  connexion  with  the  Grocers*  lands 
are  marked  at  Culkerragh,  Lettershendy,  Tamneyreagh, 
and  Slaughtmanus. 

(309).  The  Undertakers. — This  mismanagement  prob- 
ably arose  from  the  fact  that  Edward  Rone,  or  Rowan,  to 
whom  the  Grocers  let  their  lands  for  a  term  of  years,  had 
died  soon  after  getting  possession.  Seven  of  the  Com- 
panies, the  Grocers  included,  leased  their  lands  to  persons 
who  had  come  as  their  agents,  and  generally  for  a  term 
of  61  years  and  three  lives.  After  the  death  of  Rowan 
the  lands  were  neglected,  until  a  Mr.  Habington  became 
the  Grocers'  tenant.  At  the  commencement  of  the  present 
century,  Sampson  has  the  following  account  of  the  im- 
provements that  had  been  made  on  this  proportion: — 
**The  mansion  of  Grocers*  Hall  is  worthy  of  those  in 
honour  of  whom  it  has  been  named.  The  value  and 
efficacy  of  resident  and  patriotic  gentry  can  nowhere  be 
better  exemplified.  Extensive  plantations,  so  judiciously 
planned  and  led  over  the  outlines  of  the  farms,  as  to 


confer  ornament  withoujt  detracting  from  utility  ;  the 
substitution  of  well-shaped  and  well-cultivated  6elds,  in 
place  of  everything  which  could  degrade  and  defonn  a 
neglected  country,  are  the  first  observations  which  arise 
to  those  who  have  seen  what  was  and  what  is  the  demesne 
of  Grocers*  Hall.  But  Mr.  Babington's  zeal  is  by  no 
means  confined  to  the  improvements  of  his  own  demesne; 
everywhere,  through  the  whole  estate  over  which  he 
presides,  cottages  rising  in  place  of  hovels,  lime  quarries 
opening  where  no  lime  was  supposed  to  exist,  excellent 
public  roads  multiplying  where  scarce  a  swampy  path 
could  be  found,  wastes  reclaiming  into  good  soils,  where 
good  soils  were  formerly  in  the  state  of  wastes  ;  a  genezal 
system  of  order,  of  industry,  and  neatness  taking  place  of 
the  most  contrasted  habits.  Such  has  been  the  improve- 
ment, and  in  so  short  a  space  of  time  has  this  improfe- 
ment  been  effected,  that  to  one  who  had  not  been  a 
witness  to  the  intensity  of  labour  and  expense,  it  might 
almost  seem  like  the  creation  of  enchantment.  From 
Grocers*  Plall  may  be  seen  one  of  the  richest  landscapes 
of  our  country,  as  the  eye  ranges  over  the  champaign 
country,  with  the  fine  lake,  terminated  by  the  outlme  of 
Innishowen,  and  the  foreland  of  Benyevenagh.'*  (See 
Memoir  of  the  Charts  pp.  261,  262.)  After  this,  it  may 
well  be  supposed  that  the  Irish  Society  would  feel  satis6ed 
as  to  the  progress  of  affairs  with  the  Grocers, — and  so  it 
was — for  its  deputies  reported,  many  years  after  the  above 
was  written,  that  the  '*  Grocers*  proportion,  next  to  the 
Drapers',  is  the  best  managed  estate.  The  chief  town  is 
Muff,  which  is  a  very  neat  and  clean  place,  with  an  ex- 
cellent church,  market-house,  and  other  buildii^;s."  (See 
Report  to  the  Irish  Society  in  1838,  p.  45.)  It  appeals 
from  the  recent  *'  Return  of  Owners  of  Land  in  IreLmd,** 
that  the  Grocers*  Company  holds,  at  the  present  time^ 
1 1,638  acres,  valued  at  6,457/.  per  annum.  See  the  Irish 
Doomsday  Book, 

(310).  Ballykelle, — The  lands  of  this  manor  or  pro- 
portion lie  partlv  in  the  barony  of  Keenaght,  and  paitly 
m  that  of  Tirkeerin.  The  lands  in  Keenaght  n>p 
along  the  eastern  and  southern  shores  of  Lo«^ 
Foyle ;  and  the  lands  in  Tirkeerin  extend  fimn 
Faughanvale  in  the  north  to  a  place  called  FecOT 
in  the  south.  On  the  eastern  siae,  between  Lcw^ 
Foyle  and  the  river  Roe,  are  the  following  places,  tol^ 
Brogheiter,  Broghglasgo,  Farlough,  Bragharris,  FmlaoH^ 
Rus^aghan,  and  Lisnwilly.    Aimpg  the  toathenisim 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


57^ 


is  here  resident.  Ujx)n  this  there  is  built  a  Strong  Bawne  of  Stone  and  Lime,  125  feet  square, 
12  feet  high,  with  four  Flankers  (311),  and  a  good  House  within  it,  being  50  feet  square,  all 
finished  and  inhabited  by  the  Agent,  and  furnished  with  good  Store  of  Arms.  There  are  near 
to  the  Castle  15  Houses,  whereof  three  are  of  Stone  and  Lime;  the  rest  are  of  Timber,  and  are 
rough  cast  with  Lime,  and  slated.  These  stand  in  a  convenient  Place  for  Service.  There  is  also 
a  Church  near  Built,  which  is  43  feet  long,  26  wide,  neatly  made  up,  and  a  good  Preacher  to 
teach  the  People.     I  find  planted  and  estated  upon  this  Land,  of  Britiish  Tenants, 

Feeholders,  6,  viz., 

5  having  160  acres  le  piece. 
I  having  120  acres. 

Lessees  for  years,  28,  viz., 

1  having  240  acres. 

2  having  280  acres  le  piece.  Total,  34  Families,  which,  with 
4  having  120  acres  le  piece.  their  Undertenants,  are  able  to  make 
8  having  60  acres  le  piece.                                                            up  40  Men  with  Arms. 

I  having  90  acres. 

6  having  20  acres  le  piece. 

3  having  60  acres  le  piece. 
3  having  30  acres  le  piece. 

Ironmongers-Hall  (312). 

CLXXXVIII.     3,210  Acres. 
George  Cammynge^  Agent  for  the  Company,  is  here  resident ;  but  he  hath  no  Order  to  make 


of  Lough  Foyle  the  principal  places  marked  are  Bally- 
spalen,  Drumond,  Ballykelly,  Walworth,  Carrickue, 
Tullyincan,  Culkcenaght,  Glasvey,  Dungullion,  Gurtgare, 
Tullyvaren,  Killyruscn,  Grestilmore,  and  Grestilbcg.  On 
the  soulhern  border  of  the  manor  are  Ballyrory,  Straid, 
Umiycam,  Feeney,  Dromcovit,  and  Kincuilmacranel. 
In  the  central  parts,  which  are  hilly  and  rough,  are 
Meenec^alagher,  Dunlast,  Glassakeerin,  Gortinba,  Bally- 
holly,  Loghermore,  Legavanon,  Glack,  Dunbrock,  Car- 
namiiff,  Scstraghkill,  Ochill,  Kincuilbrack,  Cuilnagol- 
pogh,  and  Tirglassan.  There  are  Cromwellian  freeholds 
marked  on  the  chart,  at  Glenconway,  Munroiy,  and 
Derrynatflan.  There  are  Crown  freeholds  at  Baflyrory, 
St  raid,  Umrycam,  and  Terrydreen. 

(311).  Four  Flajikers. — In  Sampson's  enumeration  of 
gooddwclHng-houses  in  this  district,  at  the  commencement 
of  the  present  century,  he  states  that  "Mr.  Sterling  pos- 
sesses a  good  dwelling  on  the  site  of  the  ancient  castle  of 
the  Fishmongers'  proportion.  Here  also  are  the  earliest 
gardens  in  the  county,  well  enclosed  with  walls,  and 
stored  with  excellent  fruit  trees."  Of  Walworth,  almost 
adjoining  the  position  above  mentioned,  the  same  writer 
states  that  it  **is  the  residence  of  Mr,  Bare  Beresford, 
and  contains  a  large  tract  of  ancient  and  venerable  trees. 
The  dwelling  was  highly  improved  by  the  late  owner; 


the  gardens,  though  not  old,  are  in  good  order,  and  the 
orchards  productive.  When  the  tide  is  full,  and  the  sun 
setting  over  the  Magilligan  ranges,  the  promontory  of 
Benyevenagh  [Benn-Aibhne]/is  seen  to  great  advantage 
through  the  thick  woods  of  Walworth."  (See  Memoir  of 
Charts  p.  261.)  In  1 838,  the  deputies  from  the  Iri^ 
Society  speak  rather  disparagingly  of  the  Fishmon-ers* 
attempts  at  improving  their  estate.  They  could  not, 
neither  could  any  others,  it  would  appear,  compare  with 
the  Drapers,  whose  pet  proportion  was  all  but  perfection 
in  the  eyes  of  these  s^e  critics.  **  This  proportion  [the 
Fishmongers*]  has  been  very  much  improved  under  the 
company  [it  had  been  previously  held  by  a  tenant]  ;  but 
does  not  equal  that  of  the  Drapers.  The  town  of  Bally> 
kelly,  thoi:^h  better  placed  near  the  Foyle,  is  far  inferior 
to  the  town  of  Moneymore,  and  has  a  deserted  look  ;  yet 
much  money  has  been  spent  by  the  Fishmongers'  Com- 
pany. Their  choked-up  canal  indicates  a  great  want  of 
judgment  in  their  intentions,  and  they  have  still  much  to 
do  before  they  can  be  said  to  approach  to,  much  less 
equal,  the  Drapers.'*  (See  Report  for  1838,  pp.  44-45).' 
Tne  Fishmongers*  Company,  at  the  present  time,  hold 
20,509  acres,  valued  at  9,159/.  See  Irish  Doomsdai 
Book,  1875. 

(312).    JrontnongerS'Hall, — For  the  general  state  of 
afiairs  on  this  proportion,  in  1614-1616,  see  pp.  436-444k 


S8o 


THE    PLANTATION   IN    ULSTER. 


any  Estates  to  any  Tenants  that  are  come  hither  to  dwell ;  nothwithstanding  there  are  divers  thit 
have  disbursed  a  great  deal  of  Money,  and  built  Houses.  All  that  these  men  can  get  are  Articles 
of  Agreement  for  31  years;  but  they  fear  that  this  maybe  altered  by  others  that  come  after. 
Notwithstanding  they  pay  for  every  Town  Land,  which  they  account  to  be  but  60  acres,  five  Pounds 
ten  Shillings,  or  five  Pounds,  per  Annum.  The  uncertainty  of  this  is  a  great  hindrance  of  the 
Plantation  (313).  The  Castle,  which  was  formerly  begun,  is  thoroughly  finished,  being  a  very 
good  and  strong  Castle ;  and  there  is  a  Bawne  of  Brick  and  Lime,  whereof  there  are  but  three 
sides  done,  without  Flankers,  which  maketh  the  Place  of  no  strength.  There  are  also  eight 
dwelling  Houses  of  Cage  Work,  some  are  slated  and  some  shingled ;  but  they  stand  so  far  asunder 
that  they  can  have  but  little  succour  one  of  another.  Besides  here  is  an  infinite  Number  of  Irish 
upon  the  Land,  which  give  such  great  Rents  that  the  English  cannot  get  any  Land  (314). 


(313).  Plantation. — Pynnar,  or  some  scribe  for  him, 
ignorantly  writes  the  name  of  this  agent  Cammynge,  in- 
stead of  Canningt,  This  account  shows  that  no  improve- 
ment had  been  introduced,  even  in  1620,  so  far  as  the 
position  of  the  tenant-settlers  was  concerned. 

(314).  Any  Land. — The  Ironmongers*  proportion, 
known  as  the  manor  of  Lizard^  is  situated  in  the  barony 
of  Coleraine,  lying  between  the  Bann  on  the  east  and  the 
barony  of  Keenaght  on  the  west.  Along  its  eastern  bound- 
ary the  following  names  of  places  appear  on  Sampson's 
chart,  viz.,  Risk,  Lissaghmore,  Glascort,  Lanagavy,  Cor- 
namucklagh,  and  Drumeil.  Near  the  western  boundary 
are  Altduffe,  Gortnamoyagh,  Brockagh,  Lisnacreghog, 
and  Cuilcoscreighan.  The  places  marked  on  its  southern 
boundary  are  Dunavenny,  Cuilbane,  Gortecloghan,  Car- 
ballintobber,  and  Treanaltinagh.  In  the  central  parts  of 
thb  proportion  the  principal  places  are  Aghedowey, 
Bovagh,  Guglygoran,  Drumacrow,  Segorry,  Metican, 
Inisaleen,  Mullaghinch,  Coolnasillagh,  Droghed,  Lis- 
buy,  Killykergan,  Moneydig,  Killyvally,  Ballynamuin, 
Ballintemple,  Culnaramer,  Glenullin,  Glenkeen,  Money- 
carry,  Liscall,  Cullnaman,  Slataverty,  Mullaghnabron, 
Ballyrogan,  Moyochil,  Keerin,  Clag^an,  Brockaghbuy, 
Tamneymore,  Movenis,  Baleerin,  Croaghindolag,  Caheny, 
Cah,  and  Moybuoy.  In  this  proportion  there  are  native 
freeholds^  marked  on  the  chart  at  Moybuoy,  Baleerin,  Cool- 
nasillagh, Ballyrogan,  Glenkeen,  Croaghindolag,  Bovagh, 
Moyochill,  Culnaman,  Cuilnaramer,  Caheny,  and  near 
Movinis.  These  native  freeholds  occur,  with  only  two 
exceptions,  in  barren  or  unsettled  districts.  Crown  free- 
holds are  marked  at  Cah,  Tamneymore,  Liscall,  Altduff, 
Brockaghbuy,  Moneydig,  and  Culcoscreighin.  These 
freeholds  also  occur  generally  in  rough  lands.  The  re- 
mains of  Cromleachs  are  marked  at  Brockabuoy  and  at  a 
point  half-way  between  that  place  and  Dunavenny.  Only 
a  small  number  of  the  denominational  names  are  given  in 
the  foregoing  list.  Sometime  after  the  close  of  the  war, 
which  commenced  in  1641,  and  ended  in  1652,  Paul  Can- 
ning, when  writing  to  the  company,  mentions  the  disas- 
trous results  of  that  time  to  their  estate  and  his  own. 
His  statement,  which  literally  describes  the  condition 
of  most  other  lands  in  the  county,  and  throughout  Ulster 
generally,  is  as  follows  : — "The  castle  and  manor-house, 
mnd  all  other  buildings  whatsoever  upon  the  said  manor, 
together  with  the  church,  the  com  mill,  and  three  bridges, 


were  and  are  totally  demolished  and  destroyed  in  the  bUe 
rebellion.  No  tenant  will  plant  upon  any  part  of  the  nid 
manor  unless  he  be  free  of  rent  and  taxes  for  one  year, 
and  from  thence  at  a  very  easy  rent  for  five  or  six  yean ; 
and  after  that  will  not  exceeid  four  or  five  pounds  the 
balliboe  [60  acres]  per  annum  for  21  years'  lease.  There 
are  not  twenty  timber  trees,  fit  for  building,  upon  the 
manor.  He  [Paul  Canning]  sold  his  estate  in  Kngl^tui 
[at  Barton  in  Warwickshire],  in  the  year  1630^  for 
about  2,000/.,  which  money  he  laid  out  in  pi«»>»it^ 
and  stock  upon  the  said  proportion  [which  had  been 
leased  to  him],  all  which  he  lo^t  by  the  said  rebellion^ 
with  loss  of  life  of  many  of  his  dear  friends."  In  1703, 
public  attention  first  began  to  be  directed  to  the  questioQ 
of  Ulster  tenant-right.  Mr.  Canning  being  questioned 
as  to  the  fines  and  heriots  which  were  usually  paid  by  the 
copy-holders  in  the  manor  of  Lizard,  on  death  or  alien- 
ation, informed  the  court  that  on  alienations  [selling  their 
right]  only  20i'.  were  paid  as  a  fine,  and  that  on  the  death 
of  a  lessee,  his  successor  was  required  to  pay  as  heriot 
the  best  live  beast  on  the  farm.  (See  NichoU*s  Htstarf 
of  the  Ironmongers^  p.  410.)  The  Ironmongers'  Onb- 
Dany  at  the  present  time,  hold  12.714  acres,  valued  at 
8,032/.  (See  the  Irish  Doomsday  Book,  1875).  In  170^ 
the  Ironmongers*  leased  their  manor  to  George  r'-anni«^ 
junior,  for  21  years,  at  an  annual  rent  of  250/.,  and  a  fine 
of  1,900/.,  with  a  yearly  stipend  to  the  minister  of  Affivcy 
of  20/.  In  1725,  they  leased  their  manor  to  Heniy 
Lecky,  Patrick  Mackey,  James  Coningham,  and  -^whm^I 
Craghead,  for  a  term  of  41  years,  at  the  former  rent,  with 
a  largely  increased  fine — the  amount  not  named.  In 
1766,  they  again  leased  their  manor  to  Josias  Da  Fl4 
Esq.,  for  a  term  of  61  years,  and  three  fives,  the  leHtt 
paying  the  same  annual  rent,  and  a  fine  of  21,00G/.  In 
181 3,  Du  Pre,  who  never  saw  the  property  at  aU,  sold  the 
remainder  of  his  lease  to  Sir  Wm.  C;irr  Beresford,  Sir 
George  Fitzgerald,  Bart.,  and  John  P.  Beresford,  If. P. 
(See  Nicholl  s  History  of  the  Ironmongers,  pp.,  403,  4II.) 
The  lands  of  this  manor  extend  more  or  less  into  the  five 
parishes  of  Aghedowey,  Agivey,  Disserto^hill,  Enigil 
and  Macosquin.  In  18 14,  Sampson  notices  sevcnl 
places  in  these  lands  as  follows: — **Mr.  Cannmg's  dfr* 
mesne  near  this  town  pf  Garvagh,  comprises  a  ^nxj  cob* 
siderable  scope  of  ancient  and  venerable  plantatMa,  tD 
which  the  present  possessor  has  so  added,  as  to  catidehiB* 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


581 


Mercers-Hall  alias  Mavanaway  (315). 
CLXXXIX.  3,210  Acres. 
This  is  not  c  <  K  to  any  Man  as  yet ;  but  is  held  by  one  Vernon^  agent  for  the  Company.  Upon 
this  Proporuon  rho  Castle,  which  was  formerly  begun,  is  now  thoroughly  finished,  being  not 
inferior  to  any  tliat  is  built;  for  it  is  a  good  strong  work,  and  well  built ;  and  a  very  large  Bawne 
of  120  feet  square,  with  four  Flankers,  all  of  good  Stone  and  Lime.  Not  far  from  the  Bawne 
there  are  six  Houses  of  Cage-Work,  some  covered  with  shingles,  and  some  thatched,  and  inhabited 
by  such  poor  men  as  they  could  find  in  the  Country;  and  these  pay  such  dear  Rates  for  the  Land 
that  they  are  forced  to  take  Irish  Tenants  under  them  to  pay  the  Rent.  There  are  divers  other 
Houses  of  slight  building,  but  they  are  far  off,  and  dwell  dispersedly  in  the  Wood,  where  they  are 
forced  of  meer  necessity  to  relieve  such  Wood-keam  as  go  up  and  down  the  Country ;  and  as  I 


self  personally  to  ihe  praise  of  the  greatest   planter  [of 
treesj  within  the  county.     .     .     Several  gentlemen  pos- 
sess ornamental  plantings  and  good  houses,  which  occur 
in  tracing  the  left    bank  of  the    Bann  ;  the  principal  of 
which  are  Mr.   /\.    Orr  of  Landmore ;  Mr.    W.    Orr  of 
Moneycarry  ;  Mr.    James  Orr  of  Keely ;  Mr.    H.  Orr  of 
Ballybritain  ;    Mr.    liarclay   of  MuUaghmore  ;  and    Mr. 
Sterlings  of  liallydivett.     At  Agivey  and  Bovagh  stands 
some  good  and  ancient  timber.     In  the  neighbourhood  of 
Macosquin,  Mr.    Ovins  and  the  two  Mr.    Bennetts  have 
neat  dwellings  witii   plantings."     {StQ  Memoir  of  Charts 
p.  256.)     The   Ke{)<)rt  from  the  Irish  Society,  in    1838, 
has  the  follov*  ing  notice  of  this  proportion : — **This  estate 
upon  the  death  of  the  Bishop  of  Meath  [the  last  life  in  the 
lease  of ;  1 766 J,   passes  into  the  hands  of  the  Company, 
and,  we  have  no  doubt,  it  will  prove  a  source  of  much 
happiness  to  the  tenantry,  when  they  shall  be  placed  under 
the  immediate  superintendence  of  that  body.     We  met 
their  active  and  intelligent  manager,  Mr.  Oseland,  whom 
the  Company,  very  wisely,  sent  over  a  few  years  since, 
for  the  purpose  of  informing  them  as  to  the  affairs  of  this 
whole  proportion."     See  Report^  p.  52. 

(315)-  Mavanaway. — The  ruins  of  the  castle  called 
Mercers- Hall  still  exist  in  the  townland  of  Movanagher, 
parish  of  Kilrea,  and  barony  of  Coleraine.  The  Hall 
stood  about  12  miles  south  of  Coleraine,  and  between 
one  and  two  miles  north  of  Kilrea,  on  the  western 
side  of  the  Bann.  At  this  point  the  river  runs  over  a 
shoal,  and  has  a  crooked  fall  of  12  feet  in  summer, 
whence  that  part  of  the  river  is  called  *Movanagher 
Rapids.'  (See  Notes  to  the  Translation  of  CAIelian's 
Journal,  P-  3)*  A  small  part  of  this  company's  propor- 
tion lies  along  the  Bann,  and  is  included  in  the  bairony  of 
Coleraine,  but  the  pnncipal  part  is  situated  in  the  barony 
of  Loughinsholin,  extending  southward  from  the  Iron- 
mongers' lands  as  far  as  a  little  Stream  called  Ennivaroy, 
and  a  locality  known  as  Granaghan.  On,  or  near  the 
Bann,  its  eastern  boundary,  are  marked  on  the  chart  the 
places  named  Coolbill,  Carnroe,  Gorteen,  Tamlaghtvow, 
Claragh,  Kilrea,  Moncygran,  Moynock,  Lislea,  and 
Main.  A  small  parcel  of  this  proportion  reaches  as  far 
west  as  Knock-O'Neill — a  place  at  the  dividing  line  be- 
tween the  boundaries  of  Loughinsholin  and  Keenaght 
On  the  northern  boundary  are  Ballydoolaghan,  Lischarin, 


Moyletra,  Doolagh,  and  Bovedy;  and  on  the  southern 
side,  Tirgarvil,  Tirnageeraghan,  and  Falahogy.  Through- 
out the  central  parts  of  this  proportion,  the  principal 
places  appearing  on  the  chart  are  Craigavole,  Ballylame, 
Crossland,  Tamneyrankin,  Laragh,  Tir-Hugh,  Swateragh, 
Coolnagruadh,  Moneysharvin,  Beagh,  Keady,  Ampurtam, 
Gortead,  Lismoyle,  Ballynayne,  Tivaconway,  Killymuck, 
Lissgorgan,  Dunglady,  Macknagh,  Gortmacran,  Killy- 
gubb,  Drimard,  Drimlane,  Tamlaght,  Moneysally,  Liss- 
nagrot,  Drumsaragh,  Drumean,  Drumnagardner,  Ergi- 
nagh,  and  Drumolish.  In  this  proportion  there  are 
Crozun  freeliolds  marked  at  Drumsaragh,  Moyletra,  Tam- 
neyrankin, and  near  Bovedy.  The  Mercers'  Company 
had  a  dispute  of  old  standing  with  their  neighbours  the 
Ironmongers,  which  was  not  finally  arranged  until  the 
year  1816.  In  1703,  Mr.  Canning,  the  tenant  of  the 
latter,  stated  that  the  division  known  as  Ballinmoyne,  on 
the  Ironmongers'  estate,  contained  21  balliboes,  but  that 
he  could  never  find  more  than  15,  the  other  six,  as  he 
supposed,  being  in  the  Mercers'  proportion.  In  1814,  ^ 
map  of  the  adjustment  of  the  mearings  between  these  two 
companies'  kinds  was  presented  by  the  Rev.  G.  V. 
Sampson ;  and  in  1816,  an  award,  under  the  hands  and 
seals  of  that  gentleman,  and  James  Armstrong,  Esq.. 
were  read,  and  ordered  to  be  entered  on  the  minutes, 
(See  Nicholl's  History  0/  t/u  Ironmongers'  Company,  pp. 
411,  412).  We  cannot  find  that  Sampson's  Memoir  of 
the  Chart  contains  any  notice  eulogistic  or  the  contranr, 
of  the  condition  of  the  Mercers'  lands  in  1814 ;  but  tne 
following  report  of  the  Irish  Society  in  1838,  is,  perhaps, 
sufficiently  satisfactory  on  the  subject: — **This  is  a  very 
improving  estate.  It  appears  to  us  [the  flying  deputa- 
tion] that  all  has  been  done  that  was  possible,  considering 
how  short  a  time  the  Company  have  had  it  in  their  own 
hands.  The  Mercers  had  previously  let  their  lands  to 
one  tenant.  They  have  an  intelligent  and  highly  respect* 
able  agent  in  Mr.  Holmes,  who  lives  at  the  chief  town, 
Kilrea,  in  an  elegant  mansion,  built  for  him  there  \r§ 
the  Company ;  they  are  improvinc;  the  public  buildings, 
and,  altogether  doing  everything  which  lies  in  their  power 
to  advance  the  interests  of  the  community,  and  cairy  out 
the  objecte  of  the  Charter."  (See  p.  45).  The  Merccn* 
Company  hold  21,241  acres,  valued  at  11,740/.  See  the 
Irish  Doomsday  Book,  or,  "  Return  of  Ownen  of  Land  m 
Ireland,  1875.  * 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


583 


Freeholders,  6,  viz., 
6  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  18,  viz., 
I  having  210  acres. 

1  having  180  acres. 

3  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

5  having  60  acres  le  piece. 

2  having  60  acres  jointly. 

6  having  36  acres  le  piece. 

Cottagers,  5,  viz., 
Each  of  these  has  a  House  and  Garden  Plot,  with  three 
acres  of  Land. 


Total,  29  Families,  able  to  make 
40  Men  with  good  Arms ;  for  here 
is  great  store. 


Haberdashers-Hall  a/ias  Ballycasile   (318). 

CXCL     3,210   Acres. 
Sir  Robert  MacLellan  hath  taken  this  of  the  Company  for  61  years;  and  upon  this  the 
Castle  is  Strongly  finished,  being  very  strong  and  well  wrought,  himself  with  his  Lady  and  Family 
dwelling  in  it.     There  is  no  Bawn  nor  sign  of  any,  nor  any  other  kind  of  Building,  more  than 


(318).  Ballycasth'. — The  lands  granted  to  this  company 
lie  along  the  eastern  boundary  in  the  barony  of  Keenaght, 
commencing  on  the  skirts  of  Benevenagh  in  the  north, 
and  readying  southward  as  far  a  Formil  and  Camnish,  on 
the  eastern  and  western  slopes  of  the  Benbradach  mountain 
range.  These  lands  are  bounded  on  the  north  by  Magil- 
ligan,  on  the  west  bv  the  river  Roe,  on  the  south  by  tiat 
part  of  the  Skinners  proportion  which  lies  in  this  barony, 
and  on  the  east  as  aforesaid.  Among  the  principal  places 
marked  on  the  chart  along  its  eastern  border  are  Cany- 
dow,  Ballyruskbeg,  Largeyreagh,  Leek,  Tirmaquin, 
Tirj'dow  Walker,  Gortnarney,  Cloghan,  Killhoyle,  Drum- 
sam,  Drumgavney,  Smulgedon,  Ballymacalion,  and  Len- 
more.  The  other  principal  localities  mentioned  on  the 
chart  in  this  proportion  are  Largantea,  Edenmore,  Drum- 
neecy,  Stradreagh,  Dirtagh,  Ballyvannagh,  Tireorin, 
Mains,  Ballymully,  Ardmore,  Drumgesh,  Granagh,  and 
Artakelly.  There  are  native  freeholds  marked  at  places 
called  Ballynaherry,  Ballyavlin,  Little  Deny,  Drumna- 
gosker,  Aughsillagh,  Rusky,  and  Camet.  There  are  Crown 
freeholds  marked  at  Drumclief,  Ballyniskinmore,  Kedy, 
and  Lislane.  The  Haberdashers  sold  their  lands  in  per- 
petuity to  the  Beresford  family,  but  we  cannot  state  for 
what  sum ;  not  less,  probably,  than  20,000/.,  with  the 
reservation  of  a  yearly  rent  of  about  450/.  Walworth, 
the  seat  of  the  Beresfords,  has  already  been  noticed. 
The  re])ort  of  the  Irish  Society  in  reference  to  this  pro- 
portion is  rather  of  an  ominous  character,  as  foUows: — 
*'This  estate  is  by  far  the  best  managed  of  the  four  estates 
which  have  been  let  in  perpetuity.  Such  lettings  are, 
however,  contrary-,  as  we  think,  to  the  intentions  of  the 
Charter,  or  the  power  given  to  these  companies  by 
the  King's  licence  in  mortmain,  which   certainly  gives 


to  the  Irish  Society  the  power  to  grant  as  much  as  they 
think  proper  ;  but  to  the  companies  it  gives  permission 
only  to  hold,  and  not  to  alienate  ;  that  is,  to  hold  for  the 
purposes  of  the  Charter,  and  under  the  government  of  the 
Society  of  the  Governor  and  Assistants  of  London  of  this 
City's  Plantation  in  Ulster.  The  late  respected  manager 
of  this  proportion,  Mr.  Barre  Beresford,  is  dead  ;  but  the 
agency  has  been  transferred  by  the  Marquis  of  Waterford 
to  his  son,  John  B.  Beresford,  whom  we  have  every 
reason  to  hope,  will  emulate  the  example  of  his  lamented 
father,  in  promoting,  by  every  possible  means,  the 
happiness  and  comfort  of  the  tenantry,  and  thereby  the 
prosperity  of  the  proportion."  {^t&  Report  iox  1830,  pp. 
3^»  39* )  Notwithstanding  the  above  protest  on  the  part 
of  the  Irish  Society  as  to  the  alienation  by  companies  of 
their  lands,  Sir  H.  H.  Bruce  has  recently  bought  out  the 
Haberdashers*  estate  from  the  Marquis  of  Waterford,  and 
does  not  probably  dread  any  trouble  as  to  validity  of 
title.  The  Irish  Society,  however,  has  been  hitherto  so 
successful  in  its  litigations  with  bishops  and  refractoi^ 
companies,  that  there  is  a  question  whether  it  will  permit 
any  such  sales  or  transfers  in  future.  Its  conflict  with 
the  Skinners*  Company,  in  1838,  opened  the  Society's 
eyes  wider  than  before  as  to  its  own  great  powers. 
According  to  the  recent  *'  Return  of  Owners  of  LAnd  in 
Ireland,"  Sir  H.  H.  Bruce  is  now  in  possession  of  20,801' 
acres,  valued  at  11,397/. ;  but  how  much  he  held  prior  to 
his  purchase  from  the  Marquis  of  Waterford,  we  know 
not  John  B.  Beresford  still,  according  to  the  same 
authority,  holds  10,420  acres,  so  that  Sir  H.  H.  Bmoe 
did  not  get  more,  perhaps,  than  about  two-thirds  of  the 
Haberdashers*  laiias. 


584 


THE   PLANTATION   IN   ULSTER. 


slight  Houses  after  the  Iiish  manner,  which  are  dispersed  all  over  the  Land.  The  Church  lyeth 
still  as  at  the  first,  and  nothing  at  all  doing  unto  it  There  were  nominated  unto  me  sii 
Freeholders,  which  were  in  Scotland,  and  these  were  set  down  but  for  small  quantities;  and  21 
Leaseholders,  but  not  any  of  these  could  show  me  anything  in  writing  for  their  Estates ;  neiUier 
could  the  Landlord  show  me  any  Counterpaines.  It  is  true  I  saw  the  Land  planted  with  BritHsh 
Tenants  to  the  Number  of  80  Men,  and  in  the  Castle,  Arms  for  them. 

Cloth  workers-Hall  (319). 

CXCIL     3,210  Acres. 

The  said  Sir  Robert  [McLellan]  (320)  hath  taken  this  Proportion  of  the  Company  for  61 

years ;  and  upon  this  there  is  a  Castle  of  Lime  and  Stone,  54  feet  long,  34  feet  wide,  and  28  feet 

in  height ;  but  this  is  not  as  yet  covered,  neither  no  Plantation  with  any  Brittish  Tenants,  but 

only  one  Freeholder,  which  is  the  Parson  of  the  Parish.     For  all  this  Land  is  inhabited  with  Irislu 


(319).  Clotkworkcrs- Halt.  —T\\\s  company's  proportion 
occupies  the  most  northern  position  in  the  barony  of  Cole- 
raine,  extending  from  the  shore  of  the  Atlantic  in  a  south- 
eastern direction  along  the  Bann  as  far  as  Killowen,  and 
on  the  west  as  far  southward  as  Formoyle.  The  localities 
marked  on  the  chart  along  its  eastern  boundary,  are  Bally- 
cairn,  Killcranny,  near  the  Cranajjh  Fishery,  Faranlester, 
or  Faranmacalister,  and  Grangemore.  On  the  western 
boundary,  which  separates  this  ])roportion  from  the  barony 
of  Kecnaght,  and  where  the  land  is  represented  on  the 
chart  of  1814  as  comparatively  wa^tc.  ilie  places  marked 
are  Bamismore,  Bamisbeg,  BallylL.ckoLt.N  AUakeeragh, 
Altabrien,  Bratwell,  and  Knockmult.  Along  its  north- 
em  limit,  on  the  Atlantic  shore  are  Downhill,  Hallymaddi- 
nn,  or  Freehall,  Bogtown,  Ballywoolen,  anl  Grangebegg. 
On  the  southern  lx)undary  are  Formoyle,  Ballystrone, 
Ballintecrs,  and  Killowen,  near  Colcraine.  The  principal 
central  localities  marked  are  Benares**,  Liffog,  Ardillon, 
Cameety,  Ballybought,  Ardena,  Ariiciave,  Pottagh,  Gort- 
gran,  Mullinhead,  Belliney,  Irishtown,  Mosteragwee, 
Quiley,  Blaaks,  Dartress,  Killyveety,  Belgarrow,  Knock- 
noeher,  Ballywildrick,  Formullan,  Gorticavan,  Dunalys, 
and  Ringrash.  Crown  freeholds  are  marked  at  Bally- 
maddigan,  Articlave,  Altabrien,  Ballycairn,  Ringrash, 
and  near  Killowen.  On  the  borders  of  Kecnaght  barony, 
there  is  a  small  sheet  of  water  marked,  which  is  known 
as  the  Grey  Lough,  the  adjoining  lands  being  represented 
on  the  chart  as  rough  and  unsettled.  A  cromlcach  stood, 
in  1 8 14,  between  Benarees  and  Bamisbegg ;  and  near 
Ballybought  were  then  the  remains  of  an  ancient  cairn. 
Among  the  minor  companies  associated  with  the  Cloth- 
workers  were  the  Bowyers  and  Fletchers,  who,  in  1 61 7, 
influenced,  no  doubt,  by  the  unsettled  state  of  the  country 
and  the  prospect  of  continual  outlay,  sold  their  portion  of 
the  manor  of  Clothworkers*  Hall  to  the  Company  of  Iron- 
mongers. In  1619,  the  deputy-governor  of  the  Irish 
Society  informed  the  Clothworkers  of  this  transaction, 
bat  owing  to  some  circumstances  which  cannot  now  be 
explained,  this  purchase  api>ears  to  have  been  altogether 
overlooked,  until  the  attention  of  the  Ironmongers  was 
again  called  to  it  by  the  accidental  disooverv  of  papen 
connected  with  it,  in  1836.     On  application  being  made 


to  the  Clothworkers'  Company,  it  was  found  that  the 
transaction  had  been  duly  recorded  in  their  books. 
Negotiations  have  been  going  on  between  the  two  com- 
panies on  this  matter  until  a  late  period  ;  but  why  there 
should  be  any  difficulty  in  its  settlement  among  honourable 
men  seems  strange,  and  especially  when  the  fiicts  are  all 
;idmitted  by  the  party  in  possession.  (See  Nicholl^ 
History  of  the  Ironmongers^  Company,  pp.  397,  398).  The 
Clothworkers'  estate  is  distinguished  by  the  drcumstance 
that  the  beautiful  locality  of  Downhill  is  situate  in  its 
bounds.  '*Thc  Glen  of  Downhill,"  says  Sampsoo. 
**  opening  on  the  sea,  at  Portvantage,  to  the  north-cttt, 
winds  round  the  sloping  lawn,  whose  termination  above 
is  a  continued  escarpment,  disclosing,  where  the  plantnv 
has  not  succeeded,  the  rugged  and  over-jutting  of  bout 
rocks.  Amidst  these  rude  masses,  winding  walks  are 
laid  out  with  taste;  the  nakedness  is  gener^y  relieicd 
by  abundant  crops  of  grasses ;  and  not  unfrequently  the 
brow  of  a  rude  ledge  is  decorated  by  the  rich  yellow  aad 
green  of  various  trefoils,  sea-pinks,  and  sea-campions." 
(See  Memoir  of  the  Chart,  p.  258).  The  Clothworken 
are  among  others  who  had  let  their  manors  to  individml 
tenants,  for  61  years,  and  rcceired  large  fines,  wiA 
small  yearly  rents.  The  following  sage  remarks  of 
the  Irish  Society,  in  1838,  have  reference  to  this  £Kt:^ 


**This  estate  is  also  dependent  on  one  life.  Sir  G.  Tad 
now  about  seventy,  and  is  held  l^  Mr.  Leslie  Aleaaiidei 
(see  p.  577).  The  company  have  very  pmdently  em- 
ployed Mr.  Oseland,  the  excellent  manager  of  the  Irao- 
mongers'  estate,  which  adjoins  this,  to  enaaire  into  aad 
overlook  the  management  of  this  propoctioa,  with  tke 
view  of  taking  it  into  their  own  hanos  when  the  life  €JliL 
We  need  scarcely  add,  that  with  such  liberal  companies 
as  the  Ironmongers  and  Clothworkers,  the  tenantry  wiUt 
we  are  sure,  have  no  reason  to  regret  when  they  sImU  ht 
placed  under  their  immediate  superintendence  and  oontrol.* 
See  Report,  p.  42. 

(310).  Sir  Robert  MeLeUim.-^'llaA  first  tenant  of  the 
Clothworkers,  although  he  managed  to  ^et  into  tht 
of  tvro  companies,  does  not  appear  to  hniie  ka^ 
possession  of  any  of  his  holdings. 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


585 


Skinners-Hall  alias  Dungevan   (321). 

CXCIII.  3,210  Acres. 
The  Lady  Dodington^  late  Wife  of  Sir  Edward  Dodingtoriy  deceased,  is  in  possession 
of  this,  she  having  taken  a  grant  of  it  from  the  Company  for  61  years.  Here  is  built  a  Strong 
Castle  (see  p.  355),  being  two  Stories  high  and  a  half,  with  a  large  Bawn  of  Lyme  and  Stone, 
well  fortified.  In  this  the  Lady  is  now  dwelling,  with  24  in  her  Family.  There  is  also  in 
another  place  of  this  Land,  called  Crossalt^  a  Strong  Castle  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  built  by  Sir 
Ediuard  [Dodington],  being  40  feet  long,  and  34  feet  broad,  with  two  Turrets  to  flank  it;  also 
a  Bawn  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  100  feet  square,  14  feet  high,  and  four  Flankers ;  so  that  on  this 
Proportion  there  are  two  Bawns  and  two  Castles,  with  two  Villages,  containing  1 2  Houses  apiece. 
At  each  Castle  also  there  is  a  Church  adjoining  to  the  Castle,  and  a  good  Teacher  to  instruct  the 
People.  There  is  Plenty  of  Arms  in  these  Castles.  I  find  planted  and  estated  on  this  I^nd,  of 
Brittish  Tenants, 

Freeholders,  7,  viz., 
I  having  200  acres. 
6  having  120  acres  le  piece. 

Lessees  for  years,  8,  viz., 
I  having  300  acres. 
4  having  160  acres  le  piece. 
3  having  100  acres  le  piece. 

Cottagers,  12,  viz.. 
Each  of  these  has  a  House  and  Garden  Plott,  and  some 
of  them  three  acres  of  Land,  and  some  two  acres. 


In  Total,  27  Families,  resident 
on  the  Land,  and  are  able  to  make, 
with  their  under  Tenants,  80  Men. 


(321).  Dutii^nan.  — Lady  Dodington,  who  was  a 
daiiglitcr  <jf  Tristram  Bercsford,  became  Lady  Cooke, 
liaviiif;  married  Sir  Francis  Cooke  soon  after  Doding- 
ton's  (lealh.  This  proportion  is  the  largest  of  the  twelve, 
its  greater  extent  being  intended  to  compensate  for  the 
comi)aralively  inferior  quality  of  the  lands,  as  well  as  for 
the  scattered  positions  of  the  several  parcels.  The  lands 
of  the  Skinner.>'  Company  lie  in  the  three  baronies  of 
Loughiiisholin,  Keenaght,  and  Tirkeerin.  The  principal 
parcels  markeil  on  the  map  as  belonging  to  Loughinsho- 
lin  are  Mulnavoo,  Drimard,  Altoneill,  on  the  southern 
skirt  of  Slievegallon,  Strathmore,  Tonagh,  Cahore, 
Cloghlin,  Coriek,  Hrackagh,  Drimdei^,  Doon,  Strath, 
Desert,  I.abby,  Hanaghran,  Glengawna,  Oanreagh, 
Tullybrick,  I>olea,  Moranstown,  Cavanreagh,  Meenacony, 
Stranalean,  Stranahinch,  Moyard,  Alta-easga,  Evisna- 
vadiiy,  and  Glenvii^^an.  The  several  parcels  in  the 
barony  of  Keenaght  extended  from  Camtagher  and  Ben- 
brad  rach  westward  to  the  borders  of  Tirkeerin,  the  chief 
localities  being  Dungivin,  Skriggin,  Ballygudin,  Cre- 
barkic,  Gallany,  Templeraoyle,  Magheramore,  Caman- 
V)anc,  Si  reeve,  Dnimslavc,  Tullygowan,  Aughlish,  and 
Cushcapel.  Of  the  Skinners'  lands  in  Tirkeerin,  the 
principal  were  Laghtilooh,  Tamnagh,  Lyng,  Altahony, 
Lisbunea,  Gortnaskey,  Lackagh,  Glenlough,  Gartnarane, 
Y    2 


Lcttermoyer,  Boltebracan,  and  Legachory.  Several  native 
freeholds  are  marked  in  connection  with  this  estate,  espe- 
cially throughout  the  mountainous  lands  in  the  southern 
parts  of  Tirkeerin.  The  Skinners  have  frequently  let  theii 
lands  by  lump  to  great  advantage,  and  were  anxious  for 
a  time  to  sell  them  in  perpetuity.  They  got  so  much  as 
25,000/.  at  one  haul,  on  a  terminable  lease,  from  a  Mr. 
Ogilvie,  or  Ogilby,  a  Dublin  linen  manufacturer.  Sampson 
states  that  **Mr.  Ogilbie,  of  Ard-Nargic,  has  an  excellent 
house,  on  a  commanding  situation  over  the  Roe.  His 
plantings  are  rising  to  the  utmost  of  his  wish."  (See 
Memoir^  p.  260).  We  have  already  referred  to  the  law- 
suit earned  on  by  this  company  against  the  Irish 
Society,  which  lasted  for  a  period  of  six  years,  and  which 
accounts,  perhaps,  for  some  part  of  the  gall  in  which 
the  Society's  pen  was  dipped,  when  it  wrote  the  following 
report  of  the  Skinners,  in  1838: — **This  is  decidedly  the 
worst  managed  of  all  the  proportions  ;  and  but  for  the 
determination  of  the  Society,  and  the  remonstrance  of  the 
cihcestui  que  trusts  (the  companies  associated  with  them 
— ^the  Stationers,  White  Bakers,  and  Girdlers),  this 
mismanagement  would  most  like  have  been  perpetuated. 
The  Skinners*  Company  were  anxious  to  seU  tnis  estate 
in  perpetuity — a  fact  so  extraordinary  that  it  would  seem 
unaccountable.     But  it  may  be  in  some  measure  ex- 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


587 


Drapers-Hall  alias   Moneymore   (323). 

CXCV.  3,210  Acres. 
This  Proportion  is  not  Set  to  any  Man,  but  is  held  by  the  Ag^^^  ^^'  Russell.  Upon  this 
there  is  a  Strong  Bawn  of  Stone  and  Lyme,  100  feet  square,  15  feet  high,  with  tsvo  Flankers. 
There  is  a  Castle  within  the  Bawne  of  the  same  wideness,  being  Battlemented,  the  which  hath  also 
two  Flankers,  and  near  finished.  Right  before  the  Castle,  there  are  built  12  Houses,  whereof  six 
are  of  Lime  and  Stone,  very  good,  and  six  of  Timber,  inhabited  with  English  Families ;  and  this 
the  best  work  that  I  have  seen  for  building ;  a  Water-Mill  and  a  Mault-House  also.  A  quarter  of 
a  Mile  from  the  Town  there  is  made  a  Conduit  Head,  which  bringeth  Water  to  all  Places  in  the 
Bawn  and  Town,  in  Pipes.  But  these  Tenants  have  not  any  Estates,  for  the  Agent  can  make 
none ;  neither  will  they  [have  estates]  till  such  time  as  their  Land  can  be  improved  to  the  utmost. 
Within  this  Castle  there  is  good  Store  of  Arms. 

Salters-Hall  (324). 

CXCVL     3,210  Acres. 
Hugh  Sayer  is  upon  this  Proportion,  and  upon  this  they  have  built  in  two  several  places  at 
Marifelt.     There  is  a  Bawn  of  80  feet  square,  of  Lyme  and  Stone,  with  two  Flankers ;  and  the 


(323).  Moneymore. — The  lands  of  this  proportion,  also 
in  the  barony  of  Loiighinsholin,  lie  parallel  with  those  of 
the  Salters,  between  the  latter  and  the  boundary  line 
separating  this  barony  from  that  of  Keenaght.  The 
Drapers'  j)roportion  reaches  southward  as  far  as  the  con- 
fines of  Tyrone,  and  westward  to  Glenshane,  and  to 
Gortahork  in  the  vicinity  of  Desertmartin.  Along  its 
eastern  boundary  are  Sekumpher,  Lisalbanagh,  Cormean, 
Baliygrooby,  and  liallymoyle;  westward  are  Gortahork, 
Carndeasy,  Drummean,  and  Dunman;  northward  this 
proportion  extends  as  far  as  Brackaghrely,  Moybeg,  and 
Moncyi^uigy ;  and  southward  to  Cloghog,  Killybeam, 
Drumullin,  and  Ballygonny.  Other  principal  localities 
marked  on  tlie  chart  as  situated  throughout  the  central 
districts,  arc  Moneymore,  Feenan,  Cararlaraq;h,  Crossna- 
rea,  Caltrim,  Moneyha,  Drimrot,  Dunnybragy,  Ana- 
havil,  Ilallyloughan,  Lismooney,  Tullybuy,  Urumard, 
Canesc,  Turnaface,  IJallymully,  Magherascullion,  Moyassct, 
Calmore,  Duiitybryan,  Granny,  Tamneyaskey,  Tullyrone, 
and  Mormcai.  Crown  freeholds  are  marked  at  Calmore, 
Moyassct,  and  Killybearin.  Bogs  are  marked  at  Bally- 
louglian,  Dunnybragy,  and  other  places.  Much  of  this 
proportion  adjt^ins  the  mountain  of  Slievegallan.  The 
improvement  appears  to  have  progressed  from  the  time 
a  Mr.  Rowley  Miller  was  appointed  to  be  the  Drapers* 
agent.  Although  Sampson,  in  1814,  saw  nothing  to 
praise  in  the  district,  the  Irish  Society,  in  1838,  spoke  of 
it  in  rapturous  terms.  *'\Ve  were  very  much  pleased," 
the  doj)ulies  say,  *'  in  going  through  this  proportion.  The 
chief  town,  Moneymore,  is  quite  an  English  town,  most 
beautifully  laid  out  and  managed  by  Mr.  Rowley  Miller 
and  his  son  ;  he  kindly  showed  us  through  the  estate. 
The  inn  is  one  of  the  best  we  met  with  whilst  in  Ireland. 
The  company  have  lately  established  another  town,  called 
Drapers'  Town,  which  is  thriving  rapidly.      There  are 


many  thriving  plantations  of  timber  here  ;  and  the  whole 
appearence  of  the  farm-houses  and  the  town,  with  the 
church,  the  market-house,  and  other  buildings,  all  in- 
dicate the  kindness  of  the  Drapers'  Company,  and  of  their 
excellent  manager,  Mr.  Miller."  After  recommending 
"the  example  of  the  Drapers'  Company  to  all  the  other 
Companies,"  the  deputies  conclude  this  part  of  their  report 
as  follows : — *'The  most  shameful  direlictionof  duty  on  the 
part  of  some  of  the  Companies  has,  in  some  instances,  led 
to  a  state  of  things  which  cannot  be  too  much  deplored, 
and  which,  in  spite  of  the  exertions  of  the  Irish  Society, 
seem  to  be  almost  without  remedy."  (See  pp.  43,  44). 
According  to  the  recent  **  Return  of  Owners  of  Land  in 
Ireland,"  the  Drapers  hold  27,025  acres,  valued  at 
' 4*859/.     See  Irish  Doomsiiay  Book^  1875. 

(324).  Salters-Hall. — This  proportion,  also  in  the  bar- 
ony of  Loughinsholin,  extends  southward  from  the  Vintners' 
proportion  along  the  shore  of  Lough  Neagh  to  Ballin- 
derry,  on  confines  of  Tyrone.  In  a  western  direction,  it 
extends  beyond  Magherafelt.  On  its  eastern  border  it  is 
shut  off  to  some  distance  from  the  lake  shore  by  lands 
belonging  to  private  estates.  The  chief  places  marked  on 
the  map  along  its  western  border  are  Curr,  Ballymacafer- 
son,  Killbogan,  Ballycumlargy,  Dillusky,  and  Hallydruim ; 
on  the  north  is  Aghagaskin  ;  whilst  along  its  southern 
boundary  are  marked  the  localities  known  as  Mowillan, 
Ballygillenbeg,  and  Ballinderry,  bordering  on  Tyrone. 
In  the  central  districts  are  marked,  among  the  chief  places, 
Mullaghbuy,  Rossure,  Dunamon,  Magherafelt,  Lisnamore, 
Megargy,  Coolshinny,  Ballymoghans,  Gortagilly,  Mul- 
laghadoane,  Ballynanagh,  Ballygelish,  Ballygnrk,  Bally- 
^Uenmore,  Ballynagarve,  Ballygillenbeg,  Ballylifford, 
Ballinderry,  Ballyroogly,  Ballymulligan,  Ballygneils, 
Ballygriff,  Ballymulderrigbeg,  Ballymulderrigmore,  Killy- 
fieuldy,  Lackagh,  Caraloan,  and  Killylinkasy.      Id  this 


PYNNARS    SURVEY. 


589 


County  of  Ardmagh. 
Freeholders 
lessees  for  Lives 
Lessees  for  Years 
Cottagers 

Families 
Bodies  of  Men 


39 

18 

190 
43 

290 
642 


CouNT\'  OF  London-Derrv. 
Freeholders 
Lessees  for  Years 
Cottagers 

Families  ... 
Bodies  of  Men    ... 


25 
16 


119 
642 


The  whole   Content  of  the  Six    Counties, 

Freeholders         ...         ...         ...  ...  ...       334 

Lessees  for  Lives            ...         ...  ...  ...         99 

Lessees  for  Years           ...         ...  ...  ...     1,013 


Families 
Bodies  of  Men 


1,974 

6,215  with  Arms. 


May  it  Please  Your  Lordships, — I  have,  in  the  Book  before  written,  set  down  all  the 
Particulars  I  find  of  the  State  of  the  Plantation  of  his  Majesty's  escheated  Lands  in  Ulster  now  to 
stand. 

And,  Firsts  it  appears  by  the  Particulars,  that  in  the  Brittish  Families  within  mentioned,  there 
are  6,215  bodies  of  Men  ;  but  I  may  presume  further  to  certify,  partly  by  observing  the  Habitation 
of  these  Lands,  and  partly  by  conferring  with  some  of  knowledge  among  them',  that  upon  occasion, 
there  be  found  in  those  I^nds  at  least  8,000  Men  of  Brittish  Birth  and  Descent,  to  do  his 
Majesty's  Service  for  Defence  thereof,  though  the  fourth  part  of  the  Land  is  not  fully  inhabited. 

''^Secondly, — It  appears  by  the  Particulars,  that  there  are  now  built  within  the  Counties  of 
Ardmagh^  Tyrone,  Donagall,  Fermanagh^  Cavan,  and  London-Derry,  107  Castles  with  Bawnes,  19 
Castles  without  Bawnes,  42  Bawnes  without  Castles  or  Houses,  and  1,897  Dwelling  Houses  of 
Stone  and  Timber,  after  the  English  manner  in  Townreeds,  besides  very  many  such  Houses  in 
several  parts  which  I  saw  not ;  and  yet  there  is  great  want  of  Buildings  upon  their  Lands,  both 
for  Townreeds  and  otherwise.  And  I  may  say,  that  the  abode  and  continuance  of  those 
Inhabitants  upon  the  I^nds  is  not  yet  made  certain,  although  I  have  seen  the  Deeds  made  unto 
them.  My  reason  is,  that  many  of  the  English  Tenants  do  not  yet  plough  upon  the  Lands, 
neither  use  Husbandrie,  because  I  conceive  they  are  fearful  to  Stock  themselves  with  Cattle  or 
Servants  for  those  Labours.  Neither  do  the  Irish  use  Tillage,  for  that  they  are  also  uncertain 
of  their  Stay  upon  the  Lands  ;  so  that,  "by  this  means,  the  Irish  ploughing  nothing,  do  use 
greasing;  the  English  veiy  little;  and  were  it  not  for  the  Scottish  Tenants,  which  do  plough  in 
many  places  of  the  Country,  those  Parts  may  starve ;  by  Reason  whereof  the  Brittish^  who  are 
forced  to  take  their  Lands  at  great  Rates,  do  lie  at  the  greater  Rents,  paid  unto  them  by  the 
Irish  Tenants,  who  do  grease  their  Land ;  and  if  the  Irish  be  put  away  with  their  Cattle,  the 
Brittish  must  either  forsake  their  Dwellings,  or  endure  great  Distress  on  the  suddain.     Yet  the 


[591] 


INDEX 


Abbey  lands,  in  the  escheated  counties  of  Ulster,  217  ; 
in  the  counties  of  Down  and  Antrim,  392. 

Abercorn,  Karl  of,  grants  to,  288,  289  ;  Carew's  account 
of  hi>  pro^aess  as  a  planter  ;  527  ;  had  25  footmen  to 
aid  in  hs  plantation,  528  ;  Pynnar's  account  of  his 
progi«>^  in  iniilding  and  planting,  ib.'y  his  charge 
agaiu-'i  i-oi<l  Audley,  ib.\  his  lands  of  Dunnalong, 
529  ;  hii  lands  of  Shean,  ib.    See  Strabauey  Lord. 

Acharin,  or  Acaiine,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called, 
272  ;  solil  by  Captain  Russell  to  Sir  John  Kingsmill 
and  \Vil!ia!ii  Wilison,  518  ;  Pynnar's  account  of  the 
builiiin^^s  tlicreon,  and  the  number  of  British  settlers, 
518,  519;  names  of  Irish  tenants,  518;  its  lands  in- 
cluded in  the  manor  of  Wilsonsfortc,  522. 

Achcson,  Sir  Arcliibald,  notice  of,  472  ;  bought  the  lands 
of  CanovKdonan  from  John  Browne,  ib.\  founded  the 
house  of  (io.sford,  ib.\  a  trustee  of  Sir  James  Cunning- 
ham. 50S;  bought  the  proportion  of  Coolemalish,  565  ; 
his  dispute  with  the  primate,  ib. 

,    lle:^y,   grant  to,  284;  notice  of,  ib.\  Pynnar's 

accouni  of,  in  1611,  564,  565;  sold  his  lands  to  Sir 
Archil)aKl  Acheson,  565  ;  his  disputings  about  lands, 
tb.\  the  K.ng's  letter  respecting,  ib.\  bought  the  pro- 
portion of  Cloncarny,  and  sold  it  again,  568. 

,  Jol.n,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Clonkine  aAd  Car- 


rotul)ber,  470. 
Aclimoolie.  Alexander,  grant  to,  307  ;  notice  of,  ib.\  sold 

his  lands  to  Sir  James  Craig,  471. 
,  John,  grant  to,  307,  308;  notice  of,  307;  sold  his 

lands  to  Sir  James  Craig,  471. 

Alexander  and  John,   Carew's  reference  to,   in 


161 1,  .xio. 

Addei  ton.  or  Atherton,  Henry,  grant  to,  312.  See  .indeV' 
ton,  C  plan. 

Admiral:),  of  the  coasts  of  Tyrconnell  and  Coleraine,  282. 

Ad  wick,  (jeorgc,  had  a  mortgage  on  Sir  Hugh  Worrall's 
pro])oriion  called  Monaghan,  464  ;  married  the  widow 
of 'riiomas  Crichton,  and  held  her  son's  lands  of  Agha- 
lane,  477. 

Acdh  liniiliah,  an  Ulster  Ily-Niall  prince  chosen  mon- 
arch of  Ireland,  14;  defeated  the  Norsemen  in  several 
battles,  ip. ;  plundered  and  dispersed  their  settlements 
on  Loch  Faebhaill,  now  Ix)ugh  Foyle,  14,  15. 

Aghagalla,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  271,  272  ; 
Pynn.it's  account  of,  515,  516;  conjointly  with  the 
j)roporiion  of  Convoigh,  formed  the  manor  of  Wilsons- 
fort- ,  515,  516. 

Aghalane,  the  proportion  and  nia'^or  so  called,  301,  302; 
sold  by  Th  )mas  Moneypenny  to  Thomas  Crichton, 
477  :  buildings  thereon,  //». ;  names  of  lands  comprised 
in,  io.\  Pynnar's  account  of,  477,  478;  number  of 
Britisii  Hiniilies  settled,  47S. 

Agher,  castle  and  deme>ne  of,  mortgaged  by  Lord  Ridge- 
way  to  Lord  Balfour,  475  ;  sold  to  James  Spottiswood, 
Bishoj)  of  Cloghcr,  ib. ;  J'ynnar's  account  of  whilst  in 
Ridge  way's  possession,  540. 


Agheteeduffe,  or  Aghieduff,  the  proportion  and  manor 
so  called,  238  ;  Pynnar's  account  of  the  buildings 
thereon,  460;  number  of  its  British  occupants,  461. 

Aghivillan,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  263;  and 
Brochus,  P3mnar's  account  of,  561  ;  sold  by  the  Herons  to 
John  Dillon,  ib.\  comprised  in  the  manor  of  Castie- 
dillon,  564. 

Aghloske,  the  manor  so  called,  316  ;  known  subsequently 
as  the  lands  of  Ballidonnell,  553  ;  Pynnar's  account  of, 
ib. 

Agivey,  on  the  Bann,  letter  written  at,  440 ;  its  abbey 
lands,  443  ;  its  ferry,  ib.%  castle  built  by  the  Iron- 
mongers at,  ib, 

Aileach,  palace  of,  4  ;  discussions  about  its  position,  ih, ; 
repaired  by  Prince  Eoghan,  11  ;  demolished  by  Mur- 
tagh  O'Brien,  16  ;  referred  to  by  O'Dugan,  17. 

Aldermen,  court  of,  how  constituted,  364. 

Alexander,  family  of,  some  of  its   Ulster  branches,  576, 

577. 
Alexander,    William    Earl  of    Stirling,    his  version   of 

David's  Psalms,  73  ;  his  claim  against  the  properly  of 

Sir  James  Cunningham,  507,  508 ;  got  a  grant  of  the 

proportions  of  MuUalelish  and  Leggacorry,  562;  sketch 

of  his  career,  562,  563. 

Allane,  Robert,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Castle  Cun- 
ningham, 506. 

Allen,  Robert,  a  lessee  on  the  proportion  of  Latgare,  482; 
on  the  proportion  of  Dowrosse,  488. 

,  Stephen,  a  lessee  on  the  proportion  of  Latgare, 

482  ;  joint  proprietor  of  the  proporton  called  Ardmagh, 
484. 

Altedesert,  the  proportion  so  called,  553,  554 ;  Pynnar's 
account  of,  ib. 

Ameas,  Peter,  bought  the  proportion  of  Tonagh,  467 ; 
sold  it  to  John  Greenham,  ib, 

Anagh,  barony  of,  389,  390  ;  names  of  proportions  in,  ih„ 

Anderson,  Alexander,  a  lessee  in  the  barony  of  Clonkee, 

454. 
Anderton,  Captain,  Carew's  account  of,  in  161 1,  569.  See 

Adderton, 
Andrewe,  ITiomas,  a  fee-farmer  on  the  proportion  of  Eder- 

nagh,  489. 
Annaclare,  the  lands  of,  comprised  in  the  manor  of  Castle* 

dillon,  564. 
Annakelly,  the  old  church  of,  on  an  island,  467. 
Annandale,  John  Murray,  Earl  of,  was  a  groom  of  the 

King's  bedchamber,  500 ;  his  large  grant  of  escheated 

lands,  500,  501. 
Annogh,  or  Eanach,  notice  of  its  locality,  355. 
Ansley,   or  Annesley,   Francis,   Carew's  account   of,  in 

161 1,  551  ;  his  manor  of  Clanaghrie,  554. 
Antrim,  principal  landowners  in  county  of,  76. 
Apthwillyn,  Nicholas,  a  tenant-settler,  520. 
Aquavitae,  licenses  for  its  manufacture  given  to  nobility 

and  gentry,  593  ;  the  pretext  for  confining  the  privilege 

to  persons  of  rank,  ih. 


INDEX. 


593 


Ballcnekeuan,  the  proportion  so  called,  550 ;  Pynnar*s 
account  of,  ib. ;  held  by  Andrew  Stewart,  ib. 

Balliboe,  name  of  a  land  measure,  92  ;  its  extent  in  dif- 
ferent districts,  ibr,  variable  in  O'Cahan's  country,  97  ; 
average  extent  of  in  the  barony  of  Tirkeerin,  ib. 

Balliconnolly,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  268  ; 
Pynnar's  account  of,  544  ;  sold  to  Sir  William  Stewart 
in  1 61 6,  ib.     See  Mount str^vart. 

Ballidonncll,  or  Ballidonnelly,  the  proportion  so  called, 
553  J  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib. 

Ballinecarrig,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  347 ; 
Pynnar's  account  of,  460. 

Ballirehan,  the  manor  so  called,  323.     See  JUtterkenny. 

Bally haycs.     See  Agkateeduffe. 

Ballykirgir,  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  264,  265  ; 
sold  to  Sir  James  Erskine,  539  ;  Pynnar's  account  of, 
ib. ;  comprised  in  the  manor  of  Favor  Royall,  ib» 

BallyloughmaguifTe,  the  proportion  so  called,  266  ;  Pyn- 
nar's account  of,  542  ;  names  of  Irish  tenants  on,  ib.\ 
comprised  in  the  manor  of  Blessingboume,  ib, 

Balljonackell,  the  proportion  so  called,  266 ;  named 
Thomas  Court,  540  ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  540*  54*  ;sold 
by  its  first  patentee,  541. 

Ballymagoieth,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  291, 
292  ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  533,  534  ;  names  of  tenants 
on,  ib. ;  comprised  in  the  manor  of  Castle  Drummond, 
ib. 

Ballymalley,  or  Ballyvolley.     See  Kingstowtu,  manor  of. 

Ballymore,  the  manor  so  called,  310;  Pynnars's  account 
of,  570. 

Ballynasse,  the  manor  so  called,  325  ;  sold  by  Harte  to 
Wybrant  Olphert,  524  ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib. 

Bally neagh,  the  manor  so  called,  294  ;  Pynnar's  account 
of»   5io>  5"  ;  known  as  the  manor  of  Stewarts-Court, 

5"- 
Ballynemoney,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  262  ; 

Pynnar's  account  of,  556,  557;  comprised  in  the  manor 

of  Brownlow-Derry,  ib. 

Ballyokevan,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  287  ; 
comprised  in  the  manor  of  Foreward,  548;  granted  to 
Lord  Castlestewart  in  1629,  ib, 

Ballyranill,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  268  ;  sold 
by  Edward  Kingswell  to  Sir  \Vm.  Stewart,  in  1616, 
544  ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib.     See  Maunt-Stewart, 

Ballyshannon,  1,000  acres  adjoining,  not  available  for 
planlation  purposes,  104. 

Ballytaken,  the  proportion  so  called,  535* 

Ballyworran,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  261, 
262  ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  558 ;  comprised  in  the 
manor  of  Portadown,  ib. 

Banaghmore,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  277> 
278  ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  490,  491  ;  names  of  Irish 
tenants  on,  491. 

Bann,  the  fishings  of,  100 ;  lease  granted  to  Sir  William 
Godolphin,  ib.\  transactions  connected  with  its  fish- 
ings, ib.'y  Chichester's  account  of,  ib.\  grant  of  *old 
eel  wearcs'  therein,  loi  ;  the  bishop's  claims  in,  dis- 
puted by  the  Londoners,  ib.\  how  settled,  ib.\  its 
fisheries  from  the  Ix)ugh  to  the  Leap  conveyed  to 
Chichester,  171. 

Bannagh,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  203  ;  its  parishes,  towns, 
and  villages,  ib. 

Bannister,  William,  a  feoffee,  560. 

Barber,  David,  a  fee-farmer,  454 ;  a  lessee,  456. 
Z    2 


Barclay,  Dean  of  Clogher,  his  completing  a  bargain  l>c- 
tween  Lord  Ridgeway  and  Sir  James  Erskine,  476, 

Barkeley,  Sir  Maurice,  grant  to,  273  ;  notice  of,  ib. ; 
Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  514;  sold  his  lands  soon 
afterwards  to  Sir  Ralph  Bingley,  520 ;  names  of 
British  tenants  he  had  planted  thereon,  ib. 

Barkley,  David,  a  fee-farmer,  545  ;  made  a  knight,  ib. 

Barnes,  Sir  William,  grant  to,  272 ;  notice  of  ib,\ 
Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  514  ;  sold  his  lands  to  Sir 
John  Kingsmill  and  William  Willson,  522. 

Baronies,  adopted  with  one  exception  as  plantation  pre- 
cincts, 125,  126. 

Barton,  Thomas,  grant  to,  279  ;  notice  of,  ib. ;  bought 
the  proportion  of  Necame,  48i5 ;  sold  the  proportion 
of  Drumynshin,  486. 

Bassett,  Walter,  a  fee-farmer,  466. 

Bawns,  notice  of,  82;  number  built  by  the  planters  in 
Ulster,  589. 

Baxter,  Martin,  *a  clerke,'  joint-proprietor  of  the  propor- 
tion called  Ardmagh,  484. 

Bellycany  and  Ragl^  names  of  lands  granted  to  Walter 
McLaughlin  McSwyne,  527 ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib. 

Belturbet,  its  good  position,  113;  endowed  with  addi- 
tional lands,  lA;  estates  of,  281,  282;  Pynnar's  account 
of,  465,  466 ;  names  of  trustees  for  managing  the  pro- 
perty, ib. 

Benburb,  the  manor  so  called,  315,  316;  Pynnar's  account 
of,  554;  sold  for  a  term  of  years  to  Nicholas  White,  ib. 

,  battle  of,  554. 

Benn  Boirche,  why  so  called,  I ;  view  from,  ib. 

Benson,  Mr.,  built  the  fortifications  at  Derry,  442. 

,  Peter,  his  proportion  of  Shraghmirler,  514,  515  ; 

names  of  lands  owned  by,  515;  his  re-grant  in  1629,  ib, 

Beresford,  Tristram,  an  agent  of  the  Londoners,  404; 
notice  of  his  family,  ib, 

Betty,  John,  of  Ballyseillan,  a  lessee,  490. 

Bingham,  Sir  Richard,  his  atrocious  conduct  in  Fer- 
managh, 46. 

Bingley,  Lady  Anne,  re-married  with  Robert  Harrington, 
519 ;  all  the  lands  known  as  the  proportions  of  Tawna- 
foris,  and  Drummore,  and  Lurga,  granted  to  trustees 
for  her  use,  ib. 

,   Sir  Ralph,  notice  of,    62;  had  a  grant  of  the 

island  of  Inch,  ib,\  his  grant  in  Kilmacrennan,  325, 
326;  bought  the  proportion  of  Tawnaforis  from  Sir 
Robert  Remington,  519;  and  the  proportion  of  Drum- 
more  and  Luragh  from  Sir  Maurice  Berkeley,  ib. ;  died 
soon  after  1620,  ib, 

,  Sir  Richard,  grant  to,  326;  sold  his  lands  to 


Captain  Sanford,  526. 
Bishops,  their  conference  with  plantation  commissioners 

about  planting  the  herenagh  lands,  206-209 ;  number 

of  acres  allotted  to,  213. 
Blacke,  William,  a  lessee,  507. 

Blacker,  George,  of  Carrick,  county  Armagh,  son  of 
Valentine,  bought  the  lands  of  Ela  and  Killmary,  548. 

,  Valentine,  of  Carrick,  county  Armagh,  bought 

the  lands  of  Kilsally  and  Ballymagwire,  547. 

Blacklocke,  Egidius,  a  lessee,  561. 

Blackwater,  a  boundary  between  the  territories  of  Tur- 
loughLuineach  O'Neill  and  Hugh  O'Neill,  28;  victory 
of  me  Irish  at,  56. 

Blenerhassett,  Deborah,  widow  of  Leonard,  49a 


594 


INDEX. 


Blenerhassett,  Sir  Edward,  grant  to,  277,  278;  notice  of, 
ib, ;  had  many  Irish  tenants  on  his  lands,  490. 

,  Francis,  son  of  Sir  Edward,  Gatisfeth's  account 

of,  490;  names  of  Irish  tenants  on  his  lands,  491 ;  got 
a  re-grant  in  1630,  ib.\  disputed  with  the  Bishop  of 
Cloghcr,  ib. 

,  Leonard,  son  of  Thomas,  succeeded  to  the  pro- 
perty about  the  year  1627,  490;  had  a  re-grant  in  1630, 
ib.\  names  of  his  tenants,  ib,\  died  in  1639,  ib. 

-,  Samuel,  son  of  Thomas,  succeeded  in  1624,  died 


soon  afterwards,  49a 

-,  Thomas,  grant  to,  277 ;  notice  of,  ib. ;  Gatisfeth's 


account  of  in  161 1,  489;  Pynnar's  notice  of  his  build- 
ings, and  the  number  of  his  tenants,  ib. ;  his  buildings 
and  names  of  British  tenants  in  1629,  ib. ;  names  of  his 
Irish  tenants,  490;  died  in  1624,  and  was  succeeded  by 
his  eldest  son,  Samuel,  ib. ;  held  the  two  proportions  of 
Edemagh  and  Tull)magan,  ib. 

Blessingl>oume,  the  manor  so  called,  542 ;  comprised  the 
proportion  of  Loughmaguiffe,  or  manor  of  Ridgeway,  ib. 

Bloodshed,  the  Celtic  law  concerning,  163. 

Blunte,  Edward,  grant  to,  270;  notice  of,  ib. 

Bodley,  Sir  Josias,  notice  of,  153;  accompanied  the 
plantation  commissioners,  ib.\  his  visit  to  Lecale,  193; 
nis  letter  relating  to  the  survey  in  1609,  193-195;  com- 
missioned to  examine  and  report  on  the  state  of  the 
Ulster  plantation,  449;  his  unfavourable  report,  ib. 

Bogas,  Robert,  grant  to,  274,  275  ;  notice  of,  274;  sold 
his  lands  to  Edward  Ilatton,  4!iS3 ;  his  widow  re-married 
with  Ambrose  Conyngham,  ib. 

Bogs,  their  probable  age,  3. 

Boilagh  and  Bannagh,  precinct  of,  293,  296,  499 ;  Carew*s 
account  of  undertakers  therein,  499,  500. 

Boirche,  the  herdman  of  Ros,  King  of  Ulster,  i ;  his  head- 
seat  where,  ib. 

Bombie,  Laird,  this  title  strangely  written  by  Pynnar,  501. 
See  MacLellan^  Robert. 

Bonds,  or  Recognisances,  undertakers  required  to  enter 
into,  87,  217;  their  amounts,  217;  the  terms  imposed 
therein,  ib. 

Boucher,  Sir  John,  a  lessee,  56a 

Bourchicr,  John,  grant  to,  31 1 ;  notice  of,  lA;  Carew*s 
account  of  in  161 1,  569. 

Bourke,  Honora,  grant  to,  as  widow  of  0*Boyle,  328. 

Bourks  [De  Bui^os],  their  plantations  on  the  coasts  of 
Ulster,  70;  in  Connaught,  ib. 

Bowker,  George,  a  lessee,  463. 

Boyd,  Sir  Thomas,  grant  to,  290;  notice  of,  ib.\  Carew*s 
account  of  him  in  161 1,  527;  portions  of  his  lands 
claimed  by  John  Leigh,  529;  sold  his  interest  to  the 
Earl  of  Abercorn,  ib. 

Boylagh,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  203 ;  its  parishes,  towns, 
and  villages,  ib.\  precinct  of,  296;  grants  to  under- 
takers in,  296-299. 

Boylagheightra,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  296, 
297;  sold  by  George  Murray  to  John  Murray,  504; 
Pynnar's account  of,  ib.\  names  of  Irish  tenants  on,  ib. 

Boylaglioutra,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  299 ; 
sold  by  Vans  to  O'Murrey,  502 ;  sold  by  the  latter  to 
Sir  Robert  Gordon,  ib.\  granted  to  John  Murray,  ib.\ 
Pynnar's  account  of,  ib. ;  names  of  Irish  tenants  on,  ib. 

Boyle,  William,  a  lessee,  506. 

Boyne,  Henry,  bought  lands  from  Gilbert  Kennedy,  547; 
his  son,  also  named  Henry,  sold  these  lands  to  Valen- 


tine Blacker,  in  1665,  ib* 
Brabazon,  Sir  Edward,  his  opinioD  of  Sir  William  Ptr- 

sons,  154. 
Brad,  or  Brade,  the  proportion  so  called,  269;  Ppmir's 

account  of,  536. 
Braidstane,  an  old  residence  of  the  MontgomerTs,  211 ; 

its  demolition,  ib. 
Brehon  Laws,  their  true  spirit  hitherto  misunderstood, 

227;  wild  accounts  of,   by  English  writers,  ib.%  Sir 

Henry  Main's  remarks  on,  ib. 
Brennoge,  the  manor  so  called,  312. 
Bretons,  came  to  fish  at  Portrush,  362. 
Brindsley,  Lady  Maria,  wife  of  Sir  Stephen  Butler,  465. 
Broad,  Mr.,  his  praise  of  an  Irish  smith,  370. 
Broadhurst,  John,  a  lessee,  466. 
Brooke,  Bassill,  grant  to,   324;  notice  of,  ib.\  Carew*s 

account  of,  514;  owned  the  proportion  of  Edonecarne, 

523;  died  in  July,  1633,  ib. 

f  manor  so  called,  324;  Pynnar's  account  o^  is 

Edonecarne,  523. 

,  Henry,  son  of  Sir  Basill,  succeeded  at  his  father's 


death,  in  1633,  523. 

Broughes,   or  Brochus,   the  proportion  and    manor  so 
called,  263.     Sec  Aghivillan. 

Browne,  Andrew,  a  lessee,  507. 

,  John,  grant  to,   308;  notice  of,    i^.;   Caztw*s 

account  of,  472 ;  sold  his  lands  to  Sir  Archibald  Ache- 
son,  ib, 

,  Thomas,  grant  to,  326;  notice  of,  ib.\  sold  his 


lands  to  Nathaniel  Rowley,  525. 

Brownlowe,  John,  grant  to,  260,  261;  notice  oC  a6o; 
Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  ^^^. 

,  William,  son  of  John,  grant  to,  262 ;  notice  oC 

ib.\  Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  555;  inherited  his 
father's  proportion  on  the  death  of  the  latter,  »^.;  his 
surname  wntten  Bromlcw  by  Pynnar,  556 ;  his  diroute 
with  Capt.  Edward  Trevor,  ib.\  let  lands  to  uish 
tenants,  ib. ;  had  a  re-grant,  in  1629,  of  all  his  landsi 
which  were  erected  into  the  manor  of  Brownlow-Deny, 
ib,;  died  in  Jan.  1660,  ib. 

Brownlow-Derry,  the  manor  so  called,  557;  comprised 
the  two  proportions  of  Dowcoran  and  BaUynemooy, 

556,  557. 
Brownstown,  the  manor  so  .called,  327. 
Bruce,  Robert  I.,  a  sword  inscribed  with  his  name,  49& 
Brunckar,  Sir  Henry,  his  grant  of  lands  in  Fermanagh, 

108. 
Bryce,  John,  a  lessee,  506. 
Buckland,  Richard,  a  lessee,  48a 
Buckley,  Grizel,  Lady  Valencia,  476. 
Burgage,  tenure  of,  defined,  381. 
Burleigh,  Lord,  owner  of  Carrowshee,  475.     See  Saifimr, 

Michael. 
Butler,   Katherine,  niece  to  the  Earl  of  Ormond,  131; 

widow  of  Mulmoric  O'Reilly,  ib.\  had  a  grant  of  ^. 

from  every  poll  of  land  in  the  barony  of  Lcrnghtee,  j^. 
,  Sir  Stephen,  grant  to,  281 ;  notice  oC  «^-ff  lus 

proportion  ouled  Clonose,  465;  Pynnar*8  aoooont  (A 

ib.\  his  town  of  Belturbct,  4)55,  466;  his  death,  465; 

his  lands  re-granted  to  his  sons  as  the  manor  of  Castfe- 

butler  alias  Belturbet,  ib. 
Butter,  Irish,  how  made,  243. 
Byas,  David,  a  fee-farmer,  487. 
Bynnvorbe,  now  Benburb,  monej  or  oows  to  be  paid  at,  31. 


INDEX. 


595 


Calvert,  Robert,  grant  to,  275;  notice  of,  id.;  Carew's 
account  of  him  in  161 1,  481 ;  sold  his  lands,  484. 

Calwell,  Andrew,  a  lessee,  506. 

Camin,  St.,  his  residence  in  Iniscaltra  on  Lough  Derg, 
105 ;  his  learning,  /A 

Camloiigh,  the  proportion  so  called,  571,  572;  Pynnar's 
account  of,  /'/•. 

Camus,  notice  of  its  abbey,  3S8. 

Canning,  George,  agent  of  the  Ironmongers,  436 ;  notice 
of  his  family,  id. ;  tone  of  his  letters,  437 ;  his  letters  to 
the  company,  436-444 ;  his  wife  and  children,  438 ;  his 
descendants,  ik ;  his  lands  of  Gar\'agh,  and  his  grant 
from  the  Ironmongers,  439;  his  lease  of  the  Iron- 
mongers' whole  lands,  440 ;  his  'difficulty'  with  tenants, 
id. ;  held  the  proportion  of  Ironmongers  Hall  in  1618; 

579. 
Carey,  barony  of,  duties  collected  therein,  242. 

Carew,  Sir  George,  his  manuscript  collections,  37 ;  notice 
of,  37,  38  ;  assisted  Camden  to  prepare  the  Britannia^ 
38;  importance  of  his  collections  relating  to  Ulster,  ib.\ 
appointed  chief  plantation  commissioner  in  1611,  447. 

Cargie,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  297  ;  sold  to 
Sir  Robert  Gordon,  502;  granted  afterwards  to  John 
Murray,  //\;  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib,\  names  of  Irish 
tenants  on,  ib. 

Carleton,  Lancelot,  a  fee-farmer,  486. 

Carnevrackan,  the  j)roportion  so  called,  270;  Pynnar's 
account  of,  536,  537 ;  comprised  in  the  manor  of  Aries- 
ton,  537. 

Caroghbleagh  and  Clomas,  the  lands  granted  to  O'Boyle, 
526 ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib. 

Carragan,  the  manor  so  called,  547;  comprised  the  pro- 
portion of  O'Carraghan,  ib. 

Carranagilly,  the  manor  so  called,  323,  324;  sold  by  Sir 
Jolm  Vaughan  to  John  Wraye,  524 ;  Pynnar's  account 
of,  ih. 

Carrick,  the  proportion  so  called,  492;  Pynnar's  account 
of,  ib. 

Carrig,  the  proportion  so  called,  468;  Pynnar's  account 
of,  //'. 

Carrodownan,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  308 ; 
sold  to  Sir  Archil)ald  Acheson,  472;  names  of  parcels 
in,  ib. ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  472,  473. 

Carrotubber,  the  proportion  so  called,  306. 

Carrowshce,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  300. 

Carr}nroe,  originally  called  the  proportion  of  Ardgorte, 
499  •  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib. 

Cartwriglit,  George,  a  tenant-settler,  520. 

Cashell,  the  proportion  and  manor,  in  county  Don(^[al,  so 
called,  293  ;  I'ynnar's  account  of,  512,  513. 

,  the  i^roportion  and  manor,  in  county  Cavan,  so 

called,  309;  sold  to  Sir  James  Hamilton,  451,  452; 
grant  of  to  Sir  Henry  Pierse,  453  ;  Pynnar's  account 
of,  452,  453.     See  Kinucigh^  or  Kencth. 

Caslane,  or  Cashlan,  the  manor  so  called,  317  ;  Pynnar's 
account  of,  554;  comprised  in  the  Charlemont  estates, 

554,  555- 
Caslle-Archdall,  beauty  of  its  surroundings,  497. 

Caslle-Aubigny,  Pynnar's  account  of,  452;  a  residence  of 
Sir  James  Hamilton,  ib.\  known  afterwards  as  Piers- 
court,  ib. 

Castle- Balfour,  two  fairs  at  yearly,  475. 

Castle- Butler,  or  Uelturbet,  manor  of,  46$!  466. 

Castlecaulficld,  the  castle  and  village  of,  553. 


Castle-Craige,  the  manor  of,  271. 

Castledillon,  the  manor  so  called,  563,  564  ;  containc«i 
the  proportion  of  Mullabane  and  other  lands,  564. 

Castle-Cimningham,  references  to,  505,  506. 

Castledine,  Richard,  a  lessee,  466. 

Castledoe,  500  acres  so  called,  526 ;  names  of  its  sub- 
divisions, ib. ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib, 

Castle-Drummond,  manor  so  called,  534 ;  comprised  the 
proportion  of  Ballymagoith,  ib, 

Castle-fyn,  the  manor  so  called,  518. 

Castle- Ilassett,  manor  so  called,  490 ;  comprised  two 
proportions,  ib. ;  names  of  tenants  on,  ib. 

Castlehaven,  Earl  of,  535.     See  Audley^  George, 

,  Countess  of,  her  jointure-lands,  535  ;  re-married 

with  Sir  Pierce  Crosby,  ib. 

Castle- Hume,  notice  of,  498  ;  the  family  residence  after 
the  destruction  of  Tully  Castle,  499. 

Castle-Rahen,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  204 ;  its  parishes, 
towns,  and  villages,  ib. ;  its  boundaries,  342,  343  ; 
grants  in,  343-345  ;  its  generally  barren  soil,  457. 

Castles,  number  of,  built  by  the  settlers  in  Ulster,  589. 

Castle-Skeagh,  taken  from  Connor  Roe  Maguire,  108, 
109. 

Castle-Stewart,  the  manor  of,  so  called,  548  ;  comprised 
the  two  proportions  of  Revelinoutra  and  Revelineightra, 
ib.\  the  lands  re-granted  to  Lord  Castlestewart  in 
1629,  ib, 

Cathcart,  David,  a  lessee,  496. 

Cathedral  churches,  complaints  of  their  being  plundered 
by  granting  away  their  lands  to  servitors  and  others, 
129;  order  for  restoration  of,  ib,\  questions  and  an- 
swers about,  having  special  reference  to  the  cathedral 
church  of  Derry,  129,  130. 

Catherall,  Edward,  a  lessee,  515. 

Cattle,  number  of,  pcrmilted  to  be  brought  by  undertakers 
to  Ulster,  418,  419. 

Cattle-stealing,  how  punished,  353. 

Caulfield,  Sir  Toby,  grant  of  abbey  land  to,  in  Armagh, 
158;  grant  of  abbey  lands  to,  in  the  barony  of  Cole- 
raine,  17 1 ;  appointed  to  collect  rents  from  the  Earl 
of  Tyrone's  estates,  239  ;  his  account  of  the  receipts 
and  disbursements  in  three  years  and  a  half,  239-256  ; 
how  remunerated  for  young  Conn  O'Neill's  board  and 
lodgings,  253,  254  ;  how  paid  for  his  services  as  agent, 
256  ;  grant  to,  as  a  servitor,  316  ;  notice  of,  ih,\  names 
of  lands  granted  to,  in  the  baronies  of  Coleraine  and 
Loughinsholin,  422,  423 ;  Carew's  account  of  in 
161 1,  551  ;  P)mnar's  account  of  his  proportion  of 
Ballidonnell,  553. 

Cavan,  the  castle  of,  originally  belonged  to  the  O'Reillys, 
113;  Chichester's  reference  to,  ib,\  letter  from  the 
council  of  London  concerning,  413. 

,  county  of,  anciently  a  part  of  Bfeifne,   112  ;  the 

'country'  of  the  O'Reillys,  ib,\  its  acreage,  ib.\  its 
termon  lands,  ib, ;  portion  allotted  by  the  *  Project'  to 
the  church,  ib.  \  number  of  its  parishes,  ib. ;  monastery 
lands  in,  113;  undertakers' portion,  ib.\  the  towns  in, 
how  to  be  occupied,  ib,\  lands  set  apart  for  a  Free 
School,  114;  the  natives,  how  to  be  dealt  with,  ib,\ 
visited  in  1609  by  the  plantation  commissioners,  185  ; 
its  lands  divided  into  seven  precincts,  ib,\  the  rents 
and  duties  derived  from  herenagh  lands,  187  :  owner- 
ship of  the  temporal  lands,  187,  188 ;  names  of  the 
eight  baronies,  204 ;  the  inhabitants  deprived  of  their 


596 


INDEX. 


freeholds,  226-228;  the  injustice  of  this  proceeding,  id.; 
beeves  collected  in,  for  the  lord  deputy,  418  ;  Carew's 
report  of  several  undertakers  in,  451  ;  number  of  free- 
holders, lessees,  and  cottagers  planted  in,  588. 
Cecill,  the  manor  so  called,  267  ;  comprised  the  lands  of 
Ballaclogh,  or  Ballencclogh,  545 ;  Pynnar's  account  of, 

545*  546. 
Chambers,  Matthew,  a  lessee,  496. 
Chapman,  532.     See  Clapen  or  Clephane. 
Charlemont,  fort  of,  its  position  above  the  Blackwater, 

159. 
Chatterton,  Captain,  his  grant  in  the  barony  of  Orior,  64, 

157. 
Chesman,  Henry,  a  fee-farmer  on  the  lands  of  Lisreagh, 

or  Moync-Hall,  466. 
Chichester,  Sir  Arthur,  appointed  lord  deputy,  57  ;  his 
revolutionary  policy  in  Ulster,  58;  his  preference  of 
Ulster  to  Virginia,  ib.\  his  hostility  to  the  natives  of 
Ulster,  ib. ;  his  two  servants,  62 ;  gets  a  grant  of  the 
whole  barony  of  Inishowcn,  ib. ;  his  coolness  in  pushing 
forward  his  plantation  scheme,  65;  starts  northward 
for  a  survey  of  the  *  fugitives*  lands,  ib.\  reviews  his 
troops  on  Lurgan  Green,  near  Dundalk,  ib.\  takes 
credit  to  himself  for  tact  and  despatch  in  dealing  with 
0*Dogherty's  revolt,  66 ;  his  knowledge  of  Ulster,  ib. ; 
his  *  Notes  of  Remembrances,'  67;  sends  off  Ley  and 
Dave's  with  plantation  papers  to  the  King  and  Council 
in  London,  68;  his  letter  explanatory  of  their  com- 
petency for  the  mission,  ib.\  his  first  ideas  on  the 
subject  of  the  plantation,  68,  69;  his  politic  doctrine  in 
reference  to  the  natives,  69 ;  cautioned  by  the  Council 
in  London  against  granting  away  any  escheated  lands 
without  authority,  71 ;  disquieted  by  a  report  that 
Islesmen  and  Highlanders  were  to  be  numerously  ad- 
mitted as  settlers  in  Ulster,  73;  his  illustrations  of  their 
troublesome  and  dangerous  characters,  73,  74;  names 
of  servitors  specially  recommended  by,  76,  77;  his 
more  matured  ideas  about  the  distribution  of  the  lands, 
79,  80;  his  objection  to  the  general  plan  of  distribution 
by  lot,  So,  92 ;  he  recommends  the  lands  to  be  given 
in  baronies  to  persons  of  rank  and  quality,  90,  91 ;  his 
recommendation  as  to  the  creaghting  of  the  natives,  99 ; 
his  instructions  to  Ley  and  Davys  about  the  fishings  of 
the  Bann  and  Foyle,  icx);  his  letter  explanatory  of  the 
fishings  in  the  Bann,  ib. ;  his  account  of  I^ugh  Erne 
and  its  'cotts,'  108;  his  treatment  of  Connor  Roe 
Maguire,  109,  iio;  his  notices  of  places  to  be  *cared 
for'  in  the  county  of  Cavan,  113;  his  account  of  the 
natives  in  Cavan,  1 14 ;  his  fears  that  young  Mulmoric 
O'Reilly  would  be  left  in  a  meaner  state  than  those 
beneath  him  in  rank,  ib. ;  has  doubts  about  the  success 
of  the  plantation,  117;  his  letter  referring  to  the  new 
survey  of  1609,  119;  his  forethought  illustrated,  119, 
1 20;  his  letter  to  John  Taylor  on  the  subject  of  building 
his  residence  at  Ballyhayes,  125;  his  account  of  the 
woods  in  Ulster,  126;  his  recommendations  as  to 
managing  the  natives,  127;  his  reference  to  the  alien- 
ation of  church  property,  128;  his  ridicule  of  Lord 
Audley's  proposal  to  plant  100,000  acres,  136 ;  his  re- 
mark on  hearing  of  the  Earl  of  Tvrconnell's  death,  149 ; 
his  account  of  churchmen  and  church  property  at 
Armagh,  158;  his  'Briefs  of  Remembrance'  drawn  up 
at  Armagh,  164;  his  reference  to  the  Forts,  ib.\  his 
views  as  to  what  would  be  necessary  to  complete  the 


plantation,  ib.\  rides  from  Deny  to  see  his  newly- 
acquired  estate  of  Inishowen,  172,  173  ;  his  letter  re- 
ferring to  the  leading  gentlemen  in  Don^;a1,  1 76  ;  his 
barony  of  Inishowen  less  valuable  because  of  so  mach 
herenagh  lands  therein,  177;  enumeration  of  these  here- 
nagh  lands,  ib. ;  his  letter  from  Enniskillen  referring  to 
Montgomery  and  the  other  prelates,  181  ;  his  apologetic 
letter  on  account  of  delay  in  preparing  reports  of  the 
journey  to  Ulster,  191 ;  his  'Certain  ConsideraUions,* 
192;  his  sending  Davys  and  Rid^way  to  London  with 
Maps,  Abstract  of  Titles,  Inquisitions,  and  other  docu- 
ments, 192,  193;  his  letter  as  to  the  commissioneti* 
finding  in  reference  to  the  termon  lands,  193  ;  his  (adle 
views  on  the  subject  of  the  herenagh  and  termon  lands, 
212  ;  his  plan  for  the  endowment  of  parsons,  ib.  %  hopes 
that  the  bishops  may  be  held  to  the  'conditions  of  plan- 
tation' in  the  matters  of  their  buildings  and  letting  their 
lands,  213  ;  declined  the  responsibility  of  locating  the 
principal  natives,  218  ;  his  arrangement  as  to  the  move- 
ments of  the  new  commissioners  in  Ulster,  219 ;  his 
disquietude  on  the  subject  of  removing  the  natives,  219, 
221,  222  ;  has  hawks  for  Salisbury,  222  ;  sets  out  north- 
ward to  give  the  undertakers  possession,  224  ;  his  state- 
ment as  to  Caulfield's  services,  256  ;  grant  to,  315 ;  his 
disappointment,  ib. ;  his  account  of  O  Cahan's  country, 
354-356  ;  his  account  of  Deny,  356-358  ;  receives  in- 
structions as  to  the  proper  management  of  the  Londoners' 
deputies,  366,  367 ;  his  account  of  their  reception  and 
movements  in  O'Cahan's  country,  368^  369  ;  urges  des- 
patch in  dealing  with  the  Londoners,  372  ;  surreiiden 
nis  fishings  for  the  Londoners,  397-399  ;  his  account  of 
these  fishings,  ih. ;  the  terms  of  his  surrender,  399 ;  re- 
ceives answers  to  his  questions  from  the  council  in 
London  in  1610,  407 ;  wishes  muster-masters  for  the 
plantation  appointed,  but  is  refused,  413  ;  rejection  of 
several  of  his  propositions,  419 ;  his  disappointment  on 
seeing  the  undertakers,  445,  446 ;  his  clescription  of 
them,  446;  Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  551 ;  his 
buildings  at  Dungannon,  552;  created  a  baron,  1^.; 
his  illness,  death,  and  funeral,  it.\  lines  from  an  degf 
written  on  his  death,  ifr. 

Chichester,  Sir  Thomas,  grant  to,  325  ;  notice  of,  A. 

,  the  manor  so  called,  343. 

Childerhouse,  Anthonv,  a  fee-farmer  on  the  manor  of 
Castlehassett,  490  ;  his  yearly  rent  was '  one  fatte  hogg* 
or  6j.,  f^. 

Chiney,  Thomas,  Carew's  account  of  as  an  undertaker, 
481. 

Chreaghton,  or  Crichton,  Thomas,  agent  to  certain  under- 
takers in  the  county  of  Cavan,  451. 

Church,  the,  replanted  in  Ulster,  91  ;  scheme  for  sapport 
of  the  clergy,  ih, 

Cianachta,  the  tribe  so  named,  18  ;  displaced  from  their 
territory  now  known  as  Keenaght  by  the  Fir-na  Craebh, 
or  O'Cahans,  1^. 

Clabbye,  the  manor  so  called,  336  ;  Pynnar's  acffmnt  oC 
492. 

Claire,  the  proportion  so  called,  570;  Pyimar*s  acooont 

of,  570,  571. 

Clanaghry,  the  proportion  io  called,  554;  Pynnar*s  ac- 
count of,  f  ^. ;  comprised  in  Manor- Anncsley,  ift. 

Clanawly,  in  Armagh,  the  24  towns  o(  251. 

Clancaumey,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called»  283,  a84; 
I^imar's  account  of^  5681. 


INDEX. 


597 


Clanmahon,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  204  ;  its  parishes  and 
beautiful  lough,  tl\;  its  boundaries,  340;  grants  in, 
340-342  ;  its  comparative  barrenness,  468. 

Clapen,  or  Claphame,  James,  grant  to,  289,  notice  of,  tb.; 
Carcw's  account  of  in  161 1,  527  ;  his  name  written 
Cliapmanby  Pynnar,  532  ;  portions  of  his  lands  claimed 
as  belonging  to  the  abbey  of  Omey,  //•. ;  sold  his  interest 
to  Sir  William  Stewart,  ii\;  names  of  Irish  to  whom 
he  let  his  lands,  532,  533. 

Clare,  Henry,  grant  to,  271  ;  notice  of,  tb.;  Carew's  ac- 
count of  in  161 1,  514. 

Clarke,  Thomas,  a  fee-farmer,  in  the  manor  of  Archdale, 

487. 

,  Henry,  a  tenant-settler,  547. 

Clegge,    William,  gent.,    grant  to,   268;  notice  of,   ib.; 

Carcw's  account  of  in  161 1,  539* 
Clogher,  barony  of,   O'Neills  in,  opposed  to  the  Earl  of 

Tyrone,  161  ;  its  acreage,  202;  its  towns  and  villages, 

/"/'. ;  undertakers  in,  264-268. 

,  Bishop  of.     See  Spoitiswood^  James, 

Clonaghmore,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  271  ; 

Pynnar's  account  of,   537,  538  ;  conjointly  with  Grave- 

lagh,   formed   the  manor  of  Hastings,    538;  names  of 

Irish  tenants,  ib. 
Cloncarno,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  275  ;  sold 

in  1614,  483  ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  //•. ;  buildings  on,  ib, 

Clonkce,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  204  ;  its  parishes,  towns, 

and  villages,  //•. ;  precinct  of,  308  ;  grants  in,  308-309; 

Pynnar's  survey  of,  451-457. 
Clonkelly,  the  barony  of,  203  ;  its  position  and  acreage, 

ih. ;  its  parishes,  and  one  village,  ib. ;  names  of  grants 

in,  274-276. 
Clonk inc   and    Carrotubber,  the   manor  so  called,    306, 

307  ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  469  ;  the  buildings  thereon, 

ih. ;  fairs  there  appointed,  ib. 

Clonlaric,  the  manor  so  called,  323  ;  comprised  in  the 
lands  of  Gortavaghie,  523  ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib. 

Clonose,  the  manor  so  called,  465  ;  Pynnar's  account  of, 
ih. 

Clontilcw,  manor  of,  comprised  the  proportion  of  Kanna- 
goolan,  562. 

Clonye,  or  Cloncy,  fishings  of,  loi  ;  its  position,  106 ; 
two  pools  of,  named  Bunshanetin,  ib. 

Clonyn,  otherwise  Taughyleagh,  the  proportion  and 
manor  so  called,  307  ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  470  ;  sold 
to  Jolm  Hamilton,  ih.\  restored  to  Sir  Claude  Hamil- 
ton's son,  /■/'. ;  buildings  thereon,  ib. 

Cloth  workers- Hall,  proportion  so  called,  584  ;  Pynnar's 
account  of,  ih. ;  additional  notices,  ib, 

Cloiighouter,  castle  of,  built  by  the  O'Reillys,  113  ;  ac- 
count of,  113,  114. 

Coach,  Sir  Thomas,  grant  to,  274  ;  notice  of,  ib.\  Carew's 
account  of  Coach's  controversy,  521  ;  owned  the  pro- 
portion of  Frikeanagh,  ib. 

Coarb,  or  Corbe,  the  chief  tenant  of  termon  land,  162 ; 
had  under  him  one  or  more  herenaghs, /Z*. ;  the  offices 
of  both  described  as  identical,  168,  1 86. 

Cockayne,  Sir  William,  notice  of,  394,  395. 

Cofyn,  Francis,  a  fee-farmer  on  the  lands  of  Clonkine  and 
Carrotubber,  469. 

Cole,  Captain  William,  constable  of  the  castle  of  Ennis- 
killen,  179  ;  letter  recommending  him,  from  the  council 
in  London,  ib. ;  grant  to,  335  ;  notice  of,  ih, ;  Carew's 


account  of  his  buildings  at  Enniskillen,  481  ;  bought 
lands  from  Jerome  Lindsey,  494  ;  his  buildings,  ib. ; 
concerned  in  the  quarrel  between  Lord  Balfour  and  the 
Bishop  of  Clogher,  495. 

Coleraine,  barony  of,  387,  388 ;  names  of  proportions  in, 
/■/•. 

,  county  of,  called  O'Cahan's  'country,'   97  ;   its 

acreage  for  plantation  purposes,  //•.;  how  divided  by 
the  *  I'roject,  ib. ;  the  portion  contained  therein  for  the 
church,  97-99  ;  the  portion  therein  for  the  undertakers, 
99-101  ;  its  real  acreage,  97;  its  baronies  mentioned 
by  Chichester,  ih.\  Dav)'s's  account  of,  ib,\  names  of 
the  several  parishes  therein,  ib. ;  names  of  the  termon 
lands  in  its  several  baronies,  98  ;  lands  of  the  Dean  of 
Derry  in,  //'. ;  the  lands  of  parsons  and  vicars  in,  99  ; 
the  gorts  or  garden  plots  of  incumbents  in,  il\\  the 
monastery  lands  in,  ib.\  planted  by  the  Londoners 
differently  from  the  arrangements  observed  by  under- 
takers in  the  other  counties,  ib  ;  account  of  the  termon 
and  herenagh  lands  in,  167,  168  ;  the  former  owners  of 
these  lands  168,  169;  the  whole  county  of,  with 
slight  exceptions,  vested  in  the  Kine,  171  ;  its  rich 
natural  productions,  375,  376 ;  Carew  s  account  of  the 
slow  progress  in  planting  its  lands,  5  72. 

,  town  of,  natural  advantages  of  its  position,  374, 


375  ;  intended  by  Perrott  to  have  been  the  capital  city 
of  the  county,  375  ;  progress  of  the  I^ndoners  at,  406; 
Carew's  account  of  the  buildings  in,  572  ;  P)Tinar's 
description  of,  575,  576. 

Collas,  the  three,  account  of,  5;  their  invasion  and 
colonization  of  Ulster,  5,  6;  the  extent  of  the  lands 
seized  by  them,  6. 

CoUa  Uais,  gives  up  his  lands  in  Ulster  to  his  brothers, 
5;  settles  permanently  in  Alba  (Scotland),  preferring 
it  to  Ulster,  ib.\  revisited  Ireland,  and  died  at  Tara  in 
AD.,  355,  ib. 

College  of  Dublin,  lands  allotted  to,  128  ;  the  quantities 
supposed  to  be  granted  for  in  the  counties  of  Armagh 
and  Donegal,  216  ;  its  lands  in  the  barony  of  Tirhu^, 
229  ;  vast  extent  of  the  lands  granted  to  in  Armagh, 
Donegal,  and  Fermanagh,  445  ;  names  of  the  denomina- 
tions comprised  in  these  grants,  ib, 

Colquhoun,  Sir  John,  Laird  of  Luss,  his  native  district  in 
Scotland,  511 ;  his  proportion  of  the  escheated  lands  in 
Ulster,  511,  512. 

,  Robert,  son  of  Sir  John,  receives  a  re-grant  of 

the  lands  in  1630,  511. 

Columbkille.     See  St.  Coiumba, 

Commission  of  plantation,  appointed  in  1609,  121 ;  copy 
of,  122-124. 

Commissioners  for  Irish  causes,  their  presence  at  the 
conference  with  the  bishops,  206;  their  names,  206, 
209. 

Commissioners  of  Plantation,  names  of,  in  1608,  90; 
names  of  all  appointed  in  1609,  122  ;  their  answers 
to  the  Instructions  received  on  several  points  con- 
nected with  the  plantation,  124 ;  their  time  of 
starting  from  Dublin  to  the  North,  124 ;  they  warn 
the  Bntish  undertakers  against  coming  to  Ulster  before 
the  spring  of  1 6 10,  133  ;  their  reasons  for  so  doing, 
133-135  ;  they  commence  their  journey  to  Ulster,  i«  ; 
arrangement  of  their  several  duties,  153,  154 ;  their 
march  through  the  Fews'  woods,  154,  155;  their  halt 
at  Armagh  and  the  work  done  there,  155-158;  they 


598 


INDEX. 


move  northward,  crossing  the  IJlackwater,  and  en- 
camping near  Dungannon,  159,  160;  their  march  from 
Dungannon  to  Limavady  by  Desert-Linn,  166,  167  ; 
their  removal  from  Limavady  to  Derry,  and  their 
efforts  there  to  settle  the  dispute  between  Montgomery 
and  Phillips,  171,  172  ;  their  march  from  Derry  to  the 
LifTer,  whilst  Chichester  visited  Innishowen,  173  ;  beset 
or  surrounded  by  floocls  on  their  way  from  Liflfbrd  to 
Enniskillen,  178;  their  move  from  Enniskillen  to  Cavan, 
184,  185  ;  their  return  to  Dublin,  191  ;  their  delay  in 
preparing  reports  of  their  Ulster  expedition,  iB.\  apolo- 
getic letter  from  the  deputy  on  account  of  the  delay, 
i6.i  their  conference  with  the  bishops,  206-209  J  their 
commission  renewed,  220;  *  Advices*  for,  on  going  to 
allot  the  lands  to  undertakers,  222,  223  ;  their  journey 
to  the  North,  224  ;  they  reverse  the  order  of  their  for- 
mer march  when  traversing  the  six  counties.  iB. 

Commyns,  Irish  custom  of,  explained,  231-233;  'Instruc- 
tions' in  the  matter  of,  233 ;  object  of  its  abolition,  iB, ; 
illustrations  of,  234-237. 

Conall,  son  of  Niall  the  Great,  11 ;  nicknamed  Gttlban, 
and  why,  iB.;  the  territory  of  Tirconnell  so  named  from 
him,  iB.'f  his  death  noticetl  by  the  Four  Masters,  12. 

Conchobhar  MacNessa,  his  brilliant  reign,  23. 

Congal  Claen,  his  high  descent,  9;  aspires  to  the  chief 
throne  of  Ireland,  7^.;  his  account  of  being  fostered 
with  King  Domhnall,  *A;  his  appeal  to  the  people  of 
Ulster,  to. ;  is  defeated  and  slain  at  the  battle  of  Magh 
Rath,  ib. 

Consorts  of  Undertakers,  what,  125. 

Convoigh,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  272;  con- 
jointly with  the  proportion  of  Aghagalla,  formed  the 
manor  of  Wilsonsfort,  515,  516. 

Cooke,  Francis,  grant  to,  311,  312;  notice  of,  31 1;  his 
letter  in  favour  of  John  Rowley,  412  ;  held  1,000  acres, 
as  a  servitor,  in  Orier,  569. 

Coolc,  the  manor  so  called,  335;  Pynnar's  account  of, 
492. 

,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  203;  its  parishes,  towns, 

and  one  village,  «^.;  the  precinct  of,  334;  grants  in, 

334-337. 

and   Tircanada,   the   precinct  of,    its  muirland 


character,  491. 
Cooleaghy,  the  proportion   and   manor  so  called,  294; 
Pynnar's  account  of,  509,  510;  subsequently  known  as 
the  manor  of  Mount-Stewart,  510. 

Coolemalish,   the  pro])ortion  and  manor  so  called,  284; 

Pynnar's  account  of,  565,  566  ;  sold  to  Sir  Archibald 

Acheson,  565. 
Coolemcltrien,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  28$; 

Pynnar's  account  of,  508,  509.     See  Droma^h, 
Cooley,  the  ancient  Cuailgne,  district  of,  154;  the  road 

through,  from  Dundalk  to  Carlingford,  154,  155. 

Cooper,  Thomas,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Clonyn,  470. 

,  Ricliard,  held  the  proportions  of  Derribarde  and 

Killany,  545. 
Cope,  Sir  Anthony,  grant  to,  264;  Carew's  account  of 

in  161 1,  555;  notice  of,  «A;  died  in  Nov.,  1630,  ib,\ 

family  of,  559. 

,  Sir  Wm.,  succee<led  at  the  age  of  40  years,  $45. 

Corgagh,   or  Corkagh,   the   proportion  so   called,   51 1; 

Pynnar's  account  of,  511,  512;  held  first  by  the  Colqu- 

houns,  and  then  by  the  Galbraiths,  511. 


Corlackie,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called*  273; 
passed  from  Sir  Thomas  Cornwall  into  the  possessiao 
of  Robert  Davis,  516;  Pynnar's  account  of,  516,  517; 
names  of  Irish  tenants  on,  ib. 

Com,  rate  of,  standard  in  levying  money  for  the  Lon- 
doners' plantation,  377. 

Comechino,  lands  of,  569  ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib, 

Comegrade.     Sec  Corngrade, 

Comewall,  Sir  Thomas,  grant  to,  273;  notice  of,  ib.% 
Carew's  account  of,  in  161 1,  514;  his  lands  passed  to 
Robert  Davis,  but  by  what  means  is  not  known,  516. 

Comwallis,  Sir  Charles,  extract  from  his  abusive  letter 
about  the  Irish,  150;  his  peculations  detected,  ib, 

Corrigrade,  or  Com^Jrade,  the  manor  so  called,  335; 
Pynnar's  account  of  its  buildings,  and  number  of 
tenants  thereon,  491. 

Cosherie,  the  meaning  of  this  term,  163. 

Cotes,  Richard,  an  agent  of  Sir  Hugh  Woriall,  482. 

Coulson,  John,  a  tenant-settler,  547. 

Cowper,  Maurice,  held  lands  on  the  proportion  called 
Edemagh,  489. 

Cows,  fifty  landed  by  Lord  Ochiltree  at  Island-Magee, 
546. 

,  Irish,  not  inferior  to  those  of  English  breed,  54& 

,  an  account  of  profits  to  be  derived  from.  54k 

Cox,  \Vm.,  a  lessee  on  the  proportion  of  Edemagh,  489. 

Craig,  Sir  James,  grant  to,  284,  285  j  notice  of,  284; 
first  came  to  Ulster  as  deputy  or  agent  of  the  two 
brothers  Achmootie,  470;  afterwards  owned  their  two 
proportions  of  Drumheda  and  Kilagh,  470,  471 ;  boi^B;ht 
eight  polls  from  Brian  McKergeren,  47 1;  got  a  grant 
of  the  two  proportions  above-named,  his  estate  bein^ 
known  as  the  manor  of  Castlecraige,  ib. ;  his  controvexsy 
with  Sir  Francis  Hamilton,  471 ;  built  a  castle  on  his 
lands  of  Croghan,  ib,\  Carew's  account  of  in  1611, 
564  ;  names  of  persons  to  whom  he  let  his  lands,  566 ; 
sold  Magharientrim  to  John  Hamilton,  ib. 

Cranrasse,  or  Clanrasse,  lands  originally  owned  by 
Thomas  Browne,  and  sold  by  him  to  Nathaniel  Rowlej, 

525» 

Cranston,  Thomas,  a  lessee  on  the  proportion  of  Dcni- 
nefogher,  496. 

Crawford,  George,  Laird  of  Lochnurris,  grant  to^  287, 
288;  notice  of,  287,  Carew's  account  of,  $46;  soM 
Tullylegan  to  Capt.  Sanderson,  548. 

,  John,  Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  505. 

,  Capt  Patrick,  grant  to,  323 ;  notice  of,  ib, ;  original 

patentee  for  the  proportion  of  Letierkcnny,  523;  shin 
at  the  siege  of  Dunyveg  in  Isb,  ib,;  his  widow  re-mar- 
ried with  Sir  George  Marburie,  ib, 

-,  William,  a  lessee  on  the  proportion  of  Dcni- 


nefogher,  496. 

Creaght,  the,  served  as  the  native  market-place,  409^  41a 

Creaghting,  or  living  by  cattle,  to  be  gi^-en  up  by  the 
natives  of  Ulster,  99 ;  this  ancient  custom  exists,  in  a 
modified  form,  among  the  Gael  of  Scotland  to  the 
present  day,  ib. ;  description  of,  as  still  retained  thcfc^ 
99,  100;  the  custom  a  necessity  in  Ireland,  S40; 
Davys's  reference  to,  ib, 

Creaghts,  heads  of,  meaning  of  the  phrase,  231. 

Creighballes,  the  proportion  so  called,  28S;  the  name 
written  Craigballe,  by  Pynnar,  550  ;  oompiiaed  in  the 
manor  of  Richardson,  ib. 


INDEX. 


599 


Crosby,  John,  a  tenant-settler,  534. 

,  Sir  Pierce,  married  the  Countess  of  Castlehaven, 

535  J  was  granted  her  dowry  lands,  ib. 
-,  William,  a  tenant-settler,  534. 


Crum,  or  Crom,  the  manor  so  called,  301 ;  the  castle 
originally  built  by  the  Laird  of  Mountwhanny  and  Sir 
Stephen  Butler,  now  in  ruins,  479;  the  modem  castle 
built  on  a  more  elevated  position,  and  nearer  the  lake, 
ib.'f  description  of  the  surrounding  scener}',  ib. 

Culme,  Ben.,  a  preacher  and  teacher  in  Virginia,  county 
Cavan,  458. 

,  Hugh,  grant  to,  338;  notice  of,  338,  457,  458; 

bought  Capt.  John  Ridgeway's  proportion,  457  ;  his 
improvements  thereon,  458;  held  Tullavin  jointly  with 
Moore  and  Talbot,  458,  459;  held  Balleconnell  jointly 
with  Walter  Talbot,  473. 

Culmore,  the  fort  at,  104;  Pynnar's  account  of,  575  ; 
sketch  of  its  historj',  ib. 

Cunningham,  Alexander,  of  Powton,  grant  to,  299;  notice 
of,  //'. ;  sold  his  lands  to  Sir  Robert  Gordon,  504. 

,   Alex.,   a  lessee  on  the  proportion  of  Derrine- 

fogher,  496. 

Ambrose,  *  a  doctor  in  sacred  theology,*  married 


widow  Bogas,  483. 

Cuthbert,  grant  to,  295;  notice  of,  ib.;  Carew's 


account  of,  505;  held  lands  that  had  belonged  to  Sir 
James  Cunningham,  508;  his  disputes  with  Sir  Ralph 
Binglcy,  508,  509. 

-,  Gabriel,  jun.,  a  lessee  on  the  proportion  of  Dcrri- 


ncfoghcr,  496. 

,  George,  son  of  Sir  James,  507. 

-,  James,  grant  to,  294,  295 ;  notice  of,  ib. ;  Carew's 


account  of  in  161 1,  505;  retarded  in  planting  by  Sir 
R.  Binglcy,  506;  his  residence  known  as  Fort-Cun- 
ningham, 507. 

,  Sir  James,  of  Glengarnock,  grant  to,  294,  295; 

notice  of,  ib.-y  Carew's  account  of  in  1611,  505; 
retarded  in  planting  by  Sir  R.Bingley,  506 ;  his  pecuniary 
difTiculties,  507;  his  wife  and  children,  507,  508. 

,  John,  of  Crawfield,  grant  to,  294;  notice  of,  ib.\ 

Carew  s  account  of  in  1611,  505;  his  residence  called 
Castle-Cunningham,  505,  506. 

-,  Lady  Katherine,  widow  of  Sir  James,  507*  5^  > 


royal  letters  relative  to,  ib. 
Curriator,  this  name  probably  a  misprint  for  Oriereightra, 

571  ;  Pynnar's  account  of  its  lands,  ib. 
Customs,  at  the  ports  of  Dcrry  and  Coleraine,  account  of, 

382. 
Cuthbert,  William,  bought  the  lands  of  Mullabane,  563, 

564. 
Cuthl)ertson,  Gilbert,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  William 

Baillie,  456. 
Cults,  near  Coleraine,  notice  of,  369. 


Dacostrosse,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  295  ; 

Pynnar's  account  of,  507,   508  ;  part  of  sold  to  Alex. 

Cunningham  of  Ballesallagh,  county  Down,  507. 
Dalacli,  founder  of  the  Clann  Dalaigh  or  O'Donnells,  18. 
Davis,  Robert,  had  a  grant  from  the  crown  of  Corlackin, 

516  ;  obtained  a  re-grant  in  1630,  ib. 
Davys,  Sir  John,  extract  of  his  letter  from  the  camp  near 

Coleraine,  65,  66;  his  curious  reference  to  the  particular 

day  of  O'Doherty's  death,  65 ;  his  account  of  the  pardon 


of  one  priest  and  the  execution  of  another,  66;  his  request 
to  be  sent  to  London  with  Sir  James  Ley,  67, 68 ;  warmly 
recommended  by  Chichester  as  able  to  explain  the  con- 
templated scheme  for  plantation,  ib.\  his  account  of 
former  plantations  in  Ireland,  69,  70 ;  his  flattery  of 
the  King,  71  ;  his  account  of  the  commissioners*  doings 
in  the  county  of  Fermanagh,  1 11  ;  his  letter  from 
Chester  referring  to  the  deputy's  gloomy  view  of  plan- 
tation affairs,  117,  118  ;  his  letter  from  Dublin  explain- 
ing the  cause  of  discontent,  1 18 ;  his  letter  referring  to 
the  re-awakened  enthusiasm  about  plantation,  120 ; 
was  son-in-law  to  Lord  Audley,  135  ;  his  account  of 
Audley's  ancestors  as  planters,  ib.\  his  account  of  the 
lands  belonging  to  the  primate,  158;  to  Sir  Nicholas 
Bagenall,  ib.\  to  the  Dean  of  Armagh,  ib.'y  to  Marma- 
duke  Whitechurch,  ib. ;  his  account  of  the  survey  of 
Tyrone  in  1608,  161,  162  ;  his  jest  about  the  astonish- 
ment of  the  inhabitants  of  the  Glynnes  on  seeing 
Chichester  pass  through  their  district,  166 ;  his  letter 
from  Limavadie,  169-171  ;  his  letter  from  the  Liffer 
on  affairs  in  Donegal,  176,  177  ;  his  statement  of  the 
'dead  case,'  177  ;  account  of  the  lands  selected  by  him 
in  Fermanagh,  182;  his  glowing  description  of,  182- 
184  ;  his  letter  from  near  Lough  Raen,  in  Cavan,  188, 
189;  his  Brief  of  the  proceeding  of  the  Commissioners, 
205-207 ;  his  account  of  the  number  and  allotment  of 
the  precincts,  213  ;  accompanied  the  commissioners  to 
give  possession  to  undertakers,  224  ;  his  letter  detailing 
the  work  of  the  commissioners,  224-231  ;  his  speech  at 
Cavan  in  reply  to  a  lawyer  of  the  Pale,  226-228  ;  his 
similes  about  the  *home  hen*  and  the  fruit  trees,  230; 
his  condemnation  of  the  English  policy  which  shut  up 
the  Irish  in  their  woods  and  fastnesses,  240;  grant  to, 
27 1 ;  one  of  a  family  party  planting  in  Omagh,  ib. ;  his 
grant  in  Clinawly  or  Glenawley,  330;  his  memorial 
for  permission  to  leave  Ireland,  ib. ;  his  account  of  the 
coming  of  the  Londoners'  deputies,  368  ;  his  reference 
to  the  progress  of  the  buildings  at  Coleraine,  406  ;  his 
letter  to  Somerset  on  the  charge  made  by  Al^rcom 
against  Audley,  528 ;  Carew's  account  of,  534 ;  his 
controversy  with  John  Leigh  on  the  subject  of  lands 
claimed  by  the  latter  as  having  belonged  to  the  abbey 
of  Omey,  537 ;  his  controversy  with  Myler  Magrath 
about  lands  claimed  by  the  latter  as  rightfully  belonging 
to  himself,  ib. ;  died  in  1626 ;  had  owned  500  acres  in 
Armagh,  known  as  the  lands  of  Comechino,  569 ;  sold 
this  property  to  Sir  Oliver  St.  John,  ib. 

,  Lucy,  daughter  of  Sir  John,  and  his  heir,  485 ; 


married  Ferdinand  Hastings,  Ekirl  of  Huntingdon,  485, 

537. 
Davyson,  Alexander,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  John  Hamil- 
ton, in  county  Cavan,  454. 
Daye,  Randulph,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Latgare,  in 

P'ermanagh,  482. 
Deancs,  John,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  John  Hamilton,  in 

county  Cavan,  454. 
De  Courcy,  John,  his  career,  21 ;  his  plantation  on  the 

coasts  of  Ulster,  70. 
Delvin,  Lord,  grant  from  the  Crown  to  his  mother  and 

himself,  187,  188. 
Demesne  land,  in  the  four  northern  dioceses>  217. 
Demster,  Jane,  a  tenant-settler,  545. 
Dermod,  an  Ulster  Hy-Niall  prince,  chosen  as  monarch 

of  Ireland,  12;  his  character  as  a  law-giver,  ib,;  his 


6oo 


INDEX. 


troubles  with  his  kinsman,  Columb-Cille,  12,  13  ;  his 
decision  in  the  case  of  Finian's  manuscript,  13  ;  slain 
at  Connor,  in  the  county  of  Antrim,  and  buried  there, 

14. 
Demghish,  the  manor  so  called,  281 ;  comprised  a  large 

part  of  the  Belturbct  estates,  281,  282. 

Derribard,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  268  ; 
Pynnar's  account  of,  545 ;  names  of  Irish  occupants, 
ID,     See  Killany, 

Derrichreeny,  or  Derrycrecvy,  the  proportion  and  manor 
so  called  264  ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  559 ;  comprised 
in  the  manor  of  Derrycrecvy  and  Dr<)mully,  ib. 

Derrie-woone,  the  proportion  so  called,  291  ;  Pynnar's 
account  of,  530,  531.     Sec  Largie  als  Cloghogenall, 

Deny,  Bishop  of,  his  termon  lands  in  Tyrone,  93,  94 ; 
tithes  in  each  parish  of  his  diocese,  how  distributed, 
94  ;  the  right  of  his  bishoprick  not  saved  by  the  nth 
of  Elizabeth,  165  ;  rents  anciently  paid  to,  from  certain 
lands  in  Donegal,  173,  174. 

^  city,  its  burning  curiously  referred  to  by  Sir  John 

Davys,  65  ;  the  commissioners*  arrival  at,  172  ;  owner- 
ship of  the  lands  in  and  near,  ib. ;  its  site  granted  to 
Docwra,  356,  357 ;  estimate  of  expenses  required  to 
fortify  it,  360  ;  its  great  natural  advantages  as  a  port, 
374 ;  the  poor  inhabitants  compensated  for  their  little 
houses  in,  401  ;  a  list  of  such  inhabitants  as  had  com- 
menced to  build  before  1608,  402,  403  ;  first  office- 
bearers appointed,  427 ;  Carew's  account  of  the  build- 
ings at  in  161 1,  573;  Pynnar's  description,  573,  574; 
notices  of  its  Gates,  Walls,  and  Bulwarks,  574. 

,  dean  of,  his  lands,  98;  name  of  first  dean  after 


the  reformation,  ib, 

-,  island  of  the,    Davys*s  account  of,    104 ;  great 


contention  about,  171,   172  ;  surrendered  to  the  Lon< 

doners,  400 ;  the  several  religious  houses  in,  ib, ;  the 

lands  belonging  to  the  same,  400,  401 ;  how  these  lands 

were  cleared  for  the  Londoners,  401. 
Dervorgilla,  her  family  descent,  17;  her  career,  ib,\  her 

death  at  McUifont,  ib, 
Desert-Martin,   advantageous  position   for  a   fort,   573; 

Carew*s  account  of,  ib, 
Devonshire,  Mountjoy  Earl  of,  his  fishings  in  the  Bann, 

100. 
Dickinson,  Joseph,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Latgare,  county 

Fermanagh,  482. 
Dillon,  Henry,  succeeded  his  uncle,  John  Dillon,  in  1637, 

563 ;  sold  the  lands  of  Mullabane  to  William  Cuthbert, 

563*  564. 

,  John,  grant  to,  262  ;  notice  of  ib.\  Carew's  ac- 
count of  in  161 1,  555,  556;  his  dispute  with  the  pri- 
mate, J63;  had  a  re-grant  in  1629,  564;  bought  John 
Heron  s  proportion,  iB.\  his  residence  of  Castledillon, 
563»  564;  d»ed  in  March,  1637,  563. 

Dinnseanchus,  a  topographical  tract,  i  ;  two  copies  of  it 
preserved,  ib. 

Dlrriany,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  302,  303 ; 
Pynnar's  account  of  the  buildings  on,  and  the  number 
01  lessees,  480. 

Dirrynefogher,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  303, 
304;  sold  in  December,  1614,  by  Robert  Hamilton  to 
Malcolme  Hamilton,  archbishop  of  Cashell,  495;  names 
of  freeholders  on,  ib. ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  495,  496. 

Docwra,  Sir  Henry,  lanos  forces  at  Deny  in  the  year 
1600,  61;  negotiates  an  agreement  with  Sir  Donnell 


Ballagh  O'Cahan,  ib, ;  with  Sir  Cahir  O'Dogherty,  6r. 
62 ;  with  Sir  Niall  Garve  O'Donnell,  62,  63  ;  his  Noce 
of  moneys  received  for  fines  of  houses  at  Derry,  403, 
403;  Carew's  reference  to  the  sale  of  his  proportioo, 

513.  514. 
Dodington,  Sir  Eldward,  Carew's  account  of  his  boildings 

at  Dungiven,  572,  573. 

,    Lady,   held  the   proportion   of   Skinners- Hall 

alias  Dungevan,  in  161 8,  585;  daughter  of  Tristrun 
Beresford,  ib, ;  re-married  to  Sir  Francis  Cooke,  1*3. 

Doe,  castle  of,  'the  strongest  hold'  in  Ulster,  66 ;  captmcd 
by  Lambert  in  1608, /A;  'endured  100  blows  of  tlie 
demi-cannon  before  it  yielded,'  ib,\  to  be  maintained 
by  Sir  Richard  Bingley,  326. 

Doe  and  Faynaght,  the  two  precincts  of,  203  ;  now  com- 
prised in  the  barony  of  Kilmacrenan,  ib.;  grants  to 
servitors  and  natives  m,  322-330. 

Domhnall,  monarch  of  Ireland,  his  treachery  towaids 
Suibhne  Menn,  9,  10 ;  his  ingratitude  towards  Congal 
Claen,  10;  story  of  his  career,  ib,;  won  the  great  battle 
of  Magh-Rath,  ib. 

Donboy,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  294 ;  known 
also  as  Ardrie^  505 ;  names  of  lands  on,  ib, ;  Pynnii'k 
account  of,  ib. ;  names  of  British  settlers,  506. 

Don^;al,  abbey  of,  24;  its  position  described  by  fnar 
Mooney,  105;  by  Sir  Henry  Sydney,  ib.\  its  library,  ik 

,  county  of,  its  division  according  to  the  •Project,* 

loi,  102 ;  the  several  quarters  in,  according  to  an 
ancient  Irish  record,  102;  the  church's  portion  in, 
as  defined  by  the  '  Project,'  102,  104 ;  the  under- 
takers' portion,  104,  105  ;  the  real  acreage  of,  102 ; 
parishes  in,  their  average  size,  102;  their  naniber» 
ib,\  herenagh  and  termon  land  in  the  county,  lox, 
103 ;    the  bishops*  share  in  the   lands  of,   103 ;  the 

e>rtion  set  apart  in,  for  Free  Schools  at  Deny  md 
onegal,  105 ;  the  natives  of,  to  be  removed,  as  the 
'Project'  recommend  in  Tyrone,  ih.\  the  fishings  to  be 
inquired  about,  ib,  \  fishing-places  in  the  county,  106 ; 
the  claims  of  the  Bishop  of  Derry  on  the  fishings  in 
the  baronies  of  Inishoweh  and  Raphoe,  ib. ;  the  ancient 
celebrity  of  its  fishings,  105  ;  its  chieftains  known  on 
the  continent  as  'King^  of  Fish,'  ib.\  ruimes  of  its  fiib- 
ing-stations,  .  ib, ;  visited  by  the  commissioneis  of 
plantation,  173  ;  list  of  jurors  in,  ib.\  church  lands  in, 
given  to  Columkille,  174;  herena^  lands  in,  174,  175; 
names  of  claimants  of  lands  in,  175;  'divers  gentlemen* 
of  the  county  as  described  by  Chidiester,  176;  great 
scopes  of,  mortgaged  by  the  Earl  of  Tyrconnell,  ib.\ 
lands  available  for  plantation  divided  into  five  pre- 
cincts, 177,  178;  number  of  freeholders,  lessees,  and 
cottagers  planted  in,  588. 

,  town  of,  progress  in  buildii^  at,  514;  fomifics 

of  English,  Irish,  and  Scotch  dwelling  there,  in  161 1, 
ib, 

Donnefenoghee,  the  manor  so  called,  comprised  the 
proportion  of  Moyntmellan,  526 ;  Pynnar's  accoont  d^ 
ib, 

Doughcoron,  or  Dowcoran,  the  proportion  so  called,  j6o^ 
261;  Pynnar's  account  of,  5^6,  557;  comprised  in  the 
manor  of  Brownlow-Deny,  tb, 

Dowglasse,  or  Douglas,  Sir  James,  rant  to,  283,  384; 
notice  of,  283;  Carew's  account  of  in  idi,  564;  loU 
his  lands  to  Henry  Acheson,  568. 

Down,  principal  landownen  in  ooontj  o(  76k 


INDEX. 


60 1 


Downcconnolly,  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  297;. 
sold  by  Wm.  Steward  to  Sir  John  Vance,  503;  sub- 
sequently held  by  John  Murray,  502,  503;  Pynnar's 
account  of,  ib. ;  names  of  Irish  tenants  on,  503. 

Dowrossc,  the  proportion  so  called,  279;  Pynnar's 
account  of,  4S8,  409  ;  held  by  James  Ilatton  and  John 
Greenham,  489;  called  the  manor  of  Hunningsto\\Tie, 
ib. 

Drapers-Hall  alias  Moneymore,  the  proportion  so  called, 
507 ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib. ;  additional  notices,  ib. 

Drestcrnan,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  302; 
the  patentee's  first  attempts  at  planting,  478;  held  by 
George  Adwicke  at  the  time  of  Pynnar*s  visit,  ib.; 
l^nnar's  account  of  the  buildings  thereon,  ib.;  bought 
by  James  Balfour,  Lord  GlenawTey,  ib.;  sold  by  him  to 
Sir  Wm.  Balfour  for  a  term  of  i,cxx>  years,  ib.;  eventu- 
ally became  a  part  of  the  Belturbet  estate,  Sir  James 
Butler  building  a  bawn  at  Callaghill,  ib. 

Dromagh  alias  Cool  McTreene,  Pynnar's  account  of,  508. 
See  Coolcm'^Itnen. 

Dromany,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  281 ; 
l*ynnar*s  account  of,  462,  463;  names  of  Irish  and 
British  tenants  on,  463. 

Dromcliive,  the  manor  so  called,  335 ;  afterwards  com- 
prised in  the  manor  of  Newporton,  491,  492  ;  Pynnar's 
account  of,  ib. 

Dromcoose,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  305; 
sold  to  Sir  John  Home,  497,   Pynnar's  account  of,  ib. 

Dromcro,  tlic  proportion  so  called,  306;  Pynnar's  account 
of,  498. 

Dromchill  and  Dromemoylan,  the  proportion  and  manor 
so  called,  280,  281 ;  Pynnar's  account  of  the  buildings 
thereon,  461,  462;  names  of  the  denominations  com- 
prised in,  ib. 

Dromheada,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  307 ; 
constitutes,  in  conjunction  with  Keylagh,  or  Kilagh,  the 
estate  of  Sir  James  Craig,  470,  471 ;  Pynnar's  account 
of  the  buildings  thereon,  471 ;  names  of  their  several 
parcels,  ib. ;  numbers  of  fee-farmers  and  lessees  on,  472; 
thirty-three  families  resident  on,  ib. 

Drominoh,  the  manor  so  called,  341. 

Dromond.     See  Drummond. 

Dromore,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  273,  274; 
sold  by  Barkeley  to  Sir  Ralph  Bingley,  520;  Pynnar's 
account  of,  ib.;  names  of  British  settlers  on,  ib.;  names 
of  Irish  tenants,  521. 

Dromra,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  304;  see 
also  p.  4S8. 

Dromsheele,  the  manor  so  called,  346 ;  Pynnar's  account 
of,  459. 

Dromskcagh,  the  })roportion  and  manor  so  called,  304, 
305;  sold  by  Mr.  Lindsey  to  Sir  Wm.  Cole,  494; 
Pynnar's  account  of,  ib. 

Dromuck,  the  proportion  so  called,  455 ;  Pynnar's  account 
of,  455,  456;  numbers  of  freeholders,  leaseholders,  and 
cottagers,  ib. ;  names  of  fee-farmers,  lessees,  and  native 
tenants,  456. 

DromuIIy,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  264; 
Pynnar's  account  of,  559;  comprised  in  the  manor  of 
Dcrrycreevy  and  Dromully,  ib. 

Dromunshyn,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  279  ; 
sold  by  Thomas  Barton  to  Sir  Gerard  Lowther,  486 ; 
Pynnar's  notice  of,  in  conjunction  with  the  proportion 
called  Necame,  485,  486  ;  united  with  Nccame  to  form 

A   3 


the  manor  of  Lowther,  ib. 

Drumbanagher,  the  manor  so  called,  570;  comprised  the 
proportion  called  Ballemonehan,  ib. 

Drumergan.     See  ychtistowne. 

Drummond,  Sir  John,  grant  to,  291;  notice  of,  ib.; 
Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  527  ;  names  of  Irish  ten- 
ants and  British  settlers  to  whom  he  let  his  lands,  533, 
534  ;  was  styled  as  of  the  Rossgs,  in  the  parish  of  Cap- 
prey,  barony  of  Strabane,  534 ;  died  in  1625,  and  was 
succeeded  by  his  brother,  who  was  then  35  years  of 
age,  ib. 

,  Malcolm,  brother  of  Sir  John,  and  heir  to  his 

property,  534  ;  had  a  re-grant  of  the  proportion  of 
Bally magoiegh,  in  1629,  as  the  manor  of  Castle-Drum- 
mond,  534. 

Dunbar,  Alexander,  grant  to,  298 ;  notice  of,  ib. ;  sold 
his  lands  to  Sir  Robert  Gordon,  503. 

,  John,    grant   to,    306  ;  notice  of,   ib. ;  had   the 

sword  of  King  Robert  Bruce,  498  ;  his  granddaughter's 
marriage,  ib.;  was  high  sheriff  for  Fermanagh,  499 ;  had 
trouble  with  the  quarrel  between  Lord  Balfour  and  the 
Bishop  of  Clogher,  ib. 

,  William,  grant  to,  309. 

-,  the  manor  so  called,  306. 


Dun-da- Bheann,  now  Mount  Sandal,  18. 

Dungannon,  barony  of,  its  extent  as  mentioned  in  the 
survey  of  159 1,  160  ;  precinct  of,  315  ;  grants  to  ser- 
vitors and  natives  in,  315-322. 

,  the  three   baronies  of,    202  ;  their  acre^e,  ib  ; 

the  parishes  in,  ib. ;  their  towns  and  villages,  ib. 

-,   castle  of,   in    1 593,   252;  Pynnars  account  of. 


552. 


-,  manor  of,  315  ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  552. 
-,  town  of,  derivation  of  the  name,  160. 


Dungiven,  curious  reference  to,  355 ;  Carew's  account  of 
buildings  at,  572. 

Dunluce,  barony  of,  duties  collected  therein,  242. 

Dunnalonge,  the  proportion  so  called,  289;  Pynnar's  ac- 
count of,  529. 

Dunne,  Alexander,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort  Cun- 
ningham, 507. 

,  John,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort  Cunning- 
ham, 507. 

Dunsayer,  James,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Mount  Stewart, 
510. 

Dutchmen,  account  of  their  proposal  to  settle  on  the 
shores  of  Lough  Foyle,  182,  183 ;  their  industry  and 
enterprise,  ib. ;  two  employed  as  engineers  in  Ireland, 
ib. 

Dutton,  Thomas,  notice  of,  501. 

Eamiiuin,  or  Emania,  account  of,  4. 

Eas-Craoibhe,  the  celebrated  waterfall  on  the  Bann,  18. 

Easterlings,  or  Ostmen,  their  slaughter  at  Clontarf,  363 ; 

the  remnant  of  them  in  Ireland  became  traders  on  the 

coasts,  ib. 
Ecclesiastical  lands — Bishops'  demesnes — ^amount  of,  in 

the  four  northern  dioceses,  217. 
Eddergoule,   the  proportion  so  called,    250;    Pynnar's 

account  of,  536 ;  comprised  in  the  manor  of  Ardleston, 

543. 
Eden,  the  proportion  so  called,  289 :  Pynnar  s  account 

of)  531 ;  comprised  in  the  manor  of  Ellistowne,  ih, 

Edetieveagh,  the  ,  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  285  ; 


602 


INDEX. 


Pynnar*s  account  of,  567,  568  ;  sold  to  John  Hamilton, 
567. 

Edemagh,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  277 ; 
Pynnar's  notice  of  the  buildings  and  number  of  settlers 
thereon,  489  ;  uniteil  with  the  proportion  of  Tullynaken, 
to  form  the  manor  of  Castlehassett,  490. 

Edmonston,  Robert,  a  tenant-settler,  547. 

Edney,  Walter  and  Thomas,  grant  to,  265  ;  notice  of, 
265,  266. 

,  Walter,  Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  539  ;  leased 

his  lands  freely  to  the  Irish,  542  ;  names  of  his  Irish 
tenants,  ib. ;  sold  his  interest,  probably  to  Sir  Henry 
Titchboume,  ib. 

Edoncame,  the  proportion  so  called,  523,  524  ;  owned  by 
Sir  Basill  Brooke,  523  ;  Pynnar*s  account  of,  523,  524. 
See  manor  of  Brooke. 

Eels,  and  eel-fishing,  in  the  Bann,  370. 

Ekyn,  William,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort-Cunning- 
ham, 507. 

Elcock,  Nicholas,  carried  off  by  woodkeme,  441. 

Elizabeth,  Queen,  her  letter  on  the  subject  of  granting 
Hugh  O'Neill  the  family  estates,  28  ;  the  conditions 
imposed  on  the  grantee  by  her  directions,  ib. ;  her  du- 
plicity, 30;  close  of  her  life,  $6;  her  unwillingness  to 
pardon  Tyrone  and  other  Irish  leaders,  ib. ;  Sir  Robert 
Naunton's  account  of  her  last  troubles,  55,  56,  57. 

Elliott,  Daniel,  a  leaseholder  on  the  lands  of  Derrine- 
fogher,  496. 

f  Sir  John,  grant  to,  343;  notice  of, /A;  Pynnar's 

notice  of  his  lands  as  occupied  by  Irish,  458. 

Ellis,  Edmund,  grant  to,  326  ;  sold  his  lands  to  Nathaniel 
Rowley,  525. 

Ellistowne,  the  manor  so  called,  531  ;  comprised  the  two 

Proportions  called  Killiny  or  Killany,  and  Tcadane,  or 
Iden,  ib. ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib. 

Ely,  Earls  of,  498 ;  the  owners  of  three  proportions  in 
Fermanagh,  499. 

Ely  Lodge,  notice  of  its  surrounding  scenery,  486. 

Emery,  Jerome,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Castlehassett, 
490. 

,  Tristram,  a  tenant  settler,  521. 

English  in  Ulster,  intermeddle  with  the  O'Neills,  and 
play  off  one  family  against  another,  24,  25. 

,  invasions  of  Ireland,  20. 

Enniskillen,  chosen  to  be  the  shire  town  in  Fermanagh, 
109  ;  visited  by  the  commissioners  of  plantation  in 
1609,  179;  its  old  castle  how  wanled,  //'.;  Carew's 
account  of  in  161 1,  481. 

Eoghan,  Owen,  or  John,  son  of  Niall  the  Great,  11;  re- 
pairs the  palace  of  Ail  each,  ib. ;  conquers  and  appro- 
priates the  territory  called  from  him  Tir-Eoghan,  or 
Tyrone,  ib. ;  dies  of  grief  on  hearing  of  his  brother's 
death,  12;  is  buried  at  Iskahecn,  ib. 

Erick,  or  Fine,  the  Celtic  law  concerning,  163. 

E^skine,  Sir  James,  brings  to  Ulster  a  permission  from 
the  King,  for  **makeinge  some  nobleman  an  Earl," 
47  5»  476 ;  creates  Sir  Thomas  Ridge  way  Earl  of 
Londonderry,  ib. ;  terms  on  which  this  was  done,  ib. ; 
his  base  intriguing  against  the  Bishop  of  Clogher,  ib. ; 
his  grant,  in  1640,  of  the  two  proportions  of  Ballykirgir 
and  Portclare,  539,  his  manor  name<l  Favor  Royall, 
ib. ;  his  children,  and  their  marriages,  ib. ;  his  funeral 
sermon  preached  by  his  old  opponent,  the  Bishop  of 
Clogher,  540. 


Erwinge,    Christopher,    a  fee-farmer   on    the   lands  of 

Drumynshin,  or  numor  of  Lowth^,  486. 
Essex,    Walter  Devereux   Earl  of,   appropriates   Island 

Magee  to  himself,  47  ;  his  lands  in  Farhey,  50. 
,  Robert  Devereux,  second  Earl  of,  his  occnponqr 

of  Island  Magee,  47. 
Ewart,  John,  a  lessee,  515. 
Exchequer,  meaning  of  this  term,  235. 

Fanaid,  or  Faynett,  the  district  of,  102,  203. 

Farefax,  a  fee-farmer,  538. 

Farkin,   the  name  of  172  acres  owned   by   IJentenant 
Perkins,  325 ;  named  Facktr  by  P3mnar,  525, 

Famey,  Ixittle  of,  6. 

Farsitmore,  defeat  of  Shane  O'Neill  at,  44. 

Faugh,  proportion  so  called,  535.     See  Fynagk* 

Faughan  creek,  the  fishing  station  at,  loi. 

Favor  Royall,  the  manor  so  called,  539 ;  comprised  the 
two  proportions  of  Ballykirgir  and  Portclare,  ih. 

Fenlay  [Finlay],-  John  and  Patrick,  lessees  on  the  lands 
of  John  Hamilton,  in  county  Cavan,  454. 

Fentonagh,   the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  265 ; 
Pynnar's  account  of,  536. 

Fentounagh,  theproportion  so  called,  270  ;  comprised  in 
the  manor  of  Tuchet,  543. 

Fergus  Fogha,  slain  at  the  battle  of  Famey,  6. 

Fermanagh,  anciently  Fcara  Monach,  the  territory  of  the 
Maguires,  8;  division  of  its  lands  by  the  *  Project'  of 
plantation,  106-111  ;  portion  of  assigned  by  the  *  Pro- 
ject' to  the  church,  107;  its  termon  lands,  f3.;  portioa 
of  assigned  to  the  undertakers,  loS,  1 10;  portion  to  be 
given  'to  Connor  Roe  Maguire,  i^.;  how  the  non* 
freeholding  natives  were  to  be  dealt  with,  iii;  the 
government  method  previously  proposed  for  settling  the 
lands  on  its  two  native  chiefs,  no,  1 1 1 ;  the  names  and 
districts  of  its  several  septs,  1 1 1 ;  the  government's 
expedient  to  find  out  its  several  lands  and  the  families 
in  possession  thereof,  in;  forty  English  unlertakeis 
propose  for  the  whole  county,  including  the  islandii 
144,  145;  visited  by  the  plantation  commissioners  in 
1609,  178,  179 ;  the  lands  available  for  plantation 
divided  into  six  baronies,  179 ;  rents  and  duties  from 
herenagh  lands  in,  iSo,  181 ;  Davy»'s  account  of,  182- 
184 ;  names  of  its  eight  baronies,  203;  its  inhabitants 
a  peaceable  people,  229 ;  how  treated  by  the  plantatioo 
commissioners,  ib. ;  number  of  freeholders,  lessees^  and 
cottagers  planted  in,  588. 

Fewes,  the  precinct  of,  its  extent  and  boundaries,  283. 

Fewes  and  Ballytaken,  lands  so  called,  535.     See  FoMffi 
and  Fynagh, 

Fews  mountains,   the  road  through,   from  Dundalk  lo 
Armagh,  154,  155. 

,  Upper,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  202;  its  parishes 

ib. ;  its  towns,  Ut, 

-,  Lower,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  202;  its  parishes, 


ib, ;  its  villages,  ib, 

,  precinct  of  the,  its  boundaries  and  extent,  283 : 


grants  to  undertakers  in,  283-285. 

Fir-Lee,  or  'Men  of  Li,*  the  ancient  inhabitants  of  the 
territory  now  known  as  the  barony  of  Coleraine,  li; 
allies  and  neishbours  of  the  Hy-Tuirtre^  I'A.;  asnst  the 
latter  against  John  de  Courcy,  ib, 

Fir-na-Craebh,  or  'Men  of  the  Creese,*  the  ancieBt  tribe- 
name  of  the  O'Cahans,  18;  origm  oif  thb  wnc^  A, 


INDEX. 


603 


Fishe,  John,  grant  to,  281;  notice  of,  t^.;  Carew*s 
account  of  his  progress  as  a  planter,  462,  463;  his 
controvei-sy  vvith  Capt.  Culme,  463;  Pynnar*s  account 
of  his  buildings  and  tlie  number  of  his  tenants,  463, 
464;  names  of  his  IJritish  and  Irish  tenants,  463. 

Fisliings,  to  1)0  allotted  as  a  general  rule,  to  the  *  Propor- 
tions'adjoining,  131 ;  this  regulation  important  because 
of  the  great  number  of  lakes  and  rivers  in  Ulster,  lA 

Fishmongers- llall  alias  IJallykelle,  the  proportion  so 
called,  Pynnar's  account  of,  578,  579;  additional 
notices,  ii>. 

Fitzwilliam,  Sir  William,  made  deputy  after  Sir  John 
Perrot,  30;  his  character,  /A;  his  account  of  a  quarrel 
between  Hugh  O'Neill  and  Turlough  Luineach,  id.; 
his  base  and  cruel  treatment  of  shipwrecked  Spaniards, 
32;  mainly  to  blame  for  bringing  on  the  war  with 
Hugh  O'Neill,  38;  briljed  with  cows  by  Hugh  Roe 
Macmahon,  49;  Sir  Henry  Sydney's  recommendation 
of,  50;  his  guilt  in  planning  Hugh  Roe  McMahon's 
murder,  53. 

,  John,  son  of  Sir  William,  received  100  cows  as  a 

bribe  from  Hugh  Roe  Macmahon,  49. 

-,  Lady,  received  100  cows  as  a  bribe  from  Hugh 


Roe  Macmahon,  49 ;  daughter  of  Sir  Wm.  Sydney  of 
Penshurst,  in  Kent,  50. 

Flack,  Robert,  a  clergyman,  held  lands  on  the  tnanor  of 
Castlehasset,  490. 

Fleming,  Captain,  his  lands  as  a  servitor,  468 ;  Pynnar's 
account  of  the  buildings  thereon,  id, 

,  Garrett,  his  grant  from  the  Crown,  t88. 

Flower,  Henry,  a  fee-farmer  on  the  lands  of  Drumynshin, 
or  manor  of  Lowther,  486;  held  Dowrosse  in  1631, 
480;  died  in  1633,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  son, 
Thomas  Flower,  ;/•. 

Flowerdewe,  Thomas,  grants  to,  276;  notice  of,  //'. ; 
Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  481;  Gatisfeth*s  account 
of  his  progress,  /'/•.;  succeeded  by  his  son  Eflward,  482. 

Folliott,  Sir  Henry,  his  lands  in  Donegal,  103;  grant  in 
Fermanagh  to,  334,  335;  notice  of,  334;  obtained  an 
exchange  of  five  tatcs  of  land  with  Thomas  Barton, 
486  ;  bought  lanrls  from  Fr.  Gofton  and  Shane 
SlcGwyer,  492;  demised  all  his  lands  to  Sir  William 
Cole  and  Sir  Robert  Kinge  for  his  wife's  use  after  his 
death,  i/k 

Forbesse,  Lady  Jane,  wife  of  Sir  Arthur  Forbesse  of 
Granard,  and  widow  of  Sir  Claude  Hamilton,  469 ; 
granted  leases  of  lands  on  the  proportions  of  Clonkine 
and  Carrotubber,  470. 

Foreward,  the  manor  so  called,  54^ »  comprised  the  pro- 
portion of  Ballyokevan,  id. ;  formed  part  of  Lord  Castle- 
stew  art's  land  in  1629,  //'. 

Forsett-Mona,  now  known  as  the  I'lnv  Ferry ^  435. 

Fort-Cunningham,  manor  of,  comprising  the  proportion 
of  Moyegh,  or  Moiagh,  507;  Pynnar's  account  of,  506, 
507. 

Forts,  to  be  mende<l,  164. 

Fosterage,  notice  of  this  Celtic  custom,  233. 

Fowkes,  Mr.,  his  house  near  Dcrry  attacked  by  wood- 
kerne,  441. 

Fowler,  William,  grant  to,  305;  notice  of,  ib,\  his  surname 
written  FuIUr  by  Pynnar,  497;  sold  his  lands  of  Moy- 
glasse  to  Sir  John  Home,  498. 

Foyle,  Lough,  so  called  as  far  as  Lifford  by  the  Irish,  160. 


Freeman,  John,  held  the  proportion  of  Goldsmiths- Hall 

in  1 61 8,  576. 
Frikeanagh,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  274 ; 

owned  by  Sir  Thomas  Coach,  521. 
Fuidhirs,  or  'stranger  tenants,'  account  of,  102. 
Fuller,  John,  his  base  conduct,  42;  his  narrow  escape,  ih.\ 

account  of  his  doings  in  Fermanagh,  46,  47. 
Fullerton,  John,  agent  to  Sir  James  Dowglasse,  566. 
,    William,    a   lessee   on   the  manor  of   Mount- 

stewart,  510. 
Fulwood,  Richard  and  Mary,  feoffees,  560. 
Fyeff,  Tolm,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Castle-Cunningham, 

506." 
Fynagh,  the  proportion  so  called,  269  ;  the  name  written 

Faugh  by  i*ynnar,  535  ;  his  account  of,  ih. 


Gaate,  William,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort-Cunning- 
ham, 507. 

Gage,  Mary,  her  three  husbands,  405. 

,  William,  came  first  in  the  service  of  the  Londoners, 

405  ;  notice  of  his  family,  ib. 

Galbraith,  Humphrey  and  Robert,  owners  of  the  lands  of 
Corkagh,  511. 

,  Humphrey  and  William,  agents  of  Bishop  Spottis- 

wood,  511  ;  the  troubles  in  which  they  were  mvolved, 
511,  512;  tried  for  the  slaughter  of  Sir  John  Wemyss, 
high  sheriff  of  Fermanagh,  and  acquitted,  512;  Hum- 
phrey's indignant  letter  to  the  bishop,  ib. 

Gale,  George,  grant  to,  326;  sold  part  of  his  lands  to 
William  Lynn,  525  ;  died  in  1628,  ib.  ;  left  two 
daughters,  Eliza  and  Margaret,  w  ho  married  respectively 
William  Hamilton  and  Francis  Hamilton,  ib. 

Galloglass  country  in  Ulster,  where,  157. 

Gallon,  a  land  measure,  1 1 2,  340. 

Gamble,  Robert,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Lisreagh  or 
Moyne  Hall,  466. 

Garth,  Roger,  grant  to,  344  ;  had  done  nothing  as  a 
planter  in  161 1,  457. 

,  the  manor  so  called,  344  ;  sold  by  Garth  to  Sir 

Thomas  Ash,  457. 

Gascoine,  Christopher,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Latgare, 
county  Fermanagh,  482;  held  lands  also  on  the  pro- 
portion of  Dowrosse,  489. 

Gavelagh,  a  proportion  so  called.     See  Gravelagh, 

Gibb,  James,  grant  to,  304 ;  notice  of,  ih. ;  had  made  no 
progress  in  161 1,  494;  sold  his  proportion  to  James 
Hamilton  of  Keckton,  //•. 

Gilmore,-  James,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort-C\mning- 
ham,  507. 

Glankonkeyne  and  Killetragh,  woods  of,  166,  167. 

Glebes,  the  several  quantities  of  Ian  I  .^ct  apart  for,  by  the 
Project,  91  ;  the  arrangements  of  Bishop  Mon^omery 
respecting,  ib. ;  left  undetermined  by  the  commissioners 
of  plantation,  127  ;  inconveniently  placed  in  the  county 
of  Londonderry,  //'. 

Glenawley,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  203  ;  its  parishes,  ib» ; 
precinct  of,  330;  grants  to  servitors  and  natives  in,  330- 
334  ;  the  surface  is  generally  highland,  485. 

,   Lord,   James   Balfour,  second   son  of  Michael 

Balfour  Lord  Burleigh,  475 ;  had  a  grant,  in  1626, 
of  five  proportions,  viz. ,  Carrowshee,  Legan,  Drister- 
nan,  Laytrim,  and  Kilspinan,  iB.\  sold  a  large  portion 
of  his  lands,  in  1634,  to  Sir  William  Balfour,  for  a  term 
of  1,000  years,  ib.\  his  daughter  married  to  Sir  John 


6o4 


INDEX. 


Wemyss,  it.;  notice  of  his  second  marriage,  t^.;  died 
in  1635,  ib. ;  Pynnar's  account  of  his  progress  as  a 
planter,  476,  477  ;  before  his  death  became  poor,  and 
was  obliged  to  seek  a  pardon  from  the  King,  540 ;  had 
wasted  his  means  endeavouring  to  make  influential 
friends,  and  died  in  England,  i7>.;  was  supposed  by 
Pynnar  to  have  held  the  proportion  of  Ballyloughma- 
guiffe,  542. 

Glynnes,  barony  called  Ix)ughinis()lyn,  a  fastness  of  the 
Tyrone's  adherents,  167. 

Godolphin,  Sir  Wm.,  his  family,  100  ;  came  to  Ireland 
with  Rol)ert  Uevereux,  second  Earl  of  Essex,  il\;  got 
a  grant  of  fishings  in  the  IJann,  //•. 

Gofton,  Francis,  particulars  of  grant  to,  in  Donegal,  103. 

Goldsmiths-Hall,  the  proportion  so  called,  Pynnar's  ac- 
count of,  576,  577  ;  additional  notices,  //•. 

Gordon,  Sir  Roliert,  bought  the  proportions  of  Cargie, 
Boilaghoutra,  Moynarga  or  Moynagan,  and  Mullagh- 
veagh,  502,  504. 

Gore,  Paul,  grant  to,  335,  336  ;  notice  of,  t'd. ;  his  two 
sons,  Ralph  and  Arthur,  founders  of  two  noble  houses, 
492;  Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  514;  had  built  a 
house  from  the  ruins  of  O'lJoyle's  old  castle,  which 
house  he  was  obliged  to  surrender  to  George  Murray 
Laird  Broughton,  id.;  owned  1,000  acres  in  addition  to 
his  manor  of  Inismore  or  Carrick,  525  ;  Pynnar's  ac- 
count of  these  additional  lands  does  not  record  their 
names,  id. ;  his  residence  of  Machrebeg,  id. 

,  Ralnh,  son  of  Sir  Paul,  died  in  1642,  525. 

,  William,  son  of  Sir  Ralph,  succeeded  in  1642, 

525. 
Gort,  belonging  to  the  Vicar  of  Shraghmirlar,  boundaries 

of,  515. 

Gortavaghie,  the  proportion  so  called,  523  ;  Pynnar  s  ac- 
count of,  id. 

Gortevill,  the  proportion  so  called,  551 ;  Pynnar's  account 
of,  id. ;  comprised  in  the  manor  of  Symington  it\ 

Gortgunan,  the  proportion  so  called,  275 ;  sold  by  Cal- 
vert, the  first  patentee,  to  Archdeacon  Heygate,  in 
1620,  484;  Pynnar  represents  Geo.  Ridge waie  as  the 
owner  in  that  year,  it\;  grant  of  to  Heygate  in  1629, 
id. 

Gorvell,  Abraham,  a  tenant-settler,  520. 

Graeme,  manor  so  called,  337. 

Grahams,  or  Graemes,  their  expulsion  from  the  Borders, 
228 ;  brought  to  Roscommon,  il\ ;  their  fate  as  settlers, 
il: 

,  Sir  George  and  Sir  Richard,  grant  to,  337,  338 ; 

notice  of,  337;  the  lands  of  their  proportion  equally 
divideil  between  them,  474;  names  of  denominations  in 
their  respective  divisions,  il: ;  their  marriages,  ib. ;  Sir 
Richard  s  infamous  conduct  in  plundering  the  O'Bymes 
of  Wicklow,  ib, 

-,    William,    son    of  Sir    Richard,    his    infamous 


character,  474;  married  Jane  Brown  of  Mulrankan,  ib. 

Grandger,  author  of  a  *Rutter  for  Ireland,'  376. 

Grants  and  grantees,  259. 

Gravelagh,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  named,  271 ; 
calle<l  Gazvlaq^A  Ly  Pynnar,  and  Gon'ettagh  in  an 
inquisition,  537;  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib.;  comprised 
in  the  manor  of  Hastings,  538 ;  names  of  Irish  tenants, 

Greenan,  in  Glenshcsk,  ancient  sepulchral  mound  at,  3. 
Grcenham,  John,  bought  the  proportion  of  Tonagh  from 


Peter  Ameas,  467 ;  died  in  1637,  and  was  succeeded  faj 
his  son,  who  got  a  re-grant,  ib.\  held  jointly  with 
Archdeacon  Hatton  the  manor  of  Hunningstowne,  489. 

Greer,  John,  a  lessee  on  the  proportion  of  Deninefagher, 
496. 

Griffin,  Geoi^e,  a  fee-farmer  on  the  lands  of  Clonkine  and 
Carrotubber,  469. 

Griffith,  Owen,  a  fee-farmer  on  the  manor  of  Archdale, 
487. 

Grimsditche,  Charles,  grant  to,  326;  notice  of,  it. 

Grocers- Hall  alias  MufTe,  the  proportion  so  Called, 
Pynnar's  account  of,  577,  578;  additional  notices*  i^. 

Grynney,  Alex.,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort-Cunning- 
ham, 507. 

Gunning,  Henry.     See  Jlonynge. 

Gartin,  the  500  acres  of,  held  by  Mrs.  Harrison,  485; 
Pynnar's  notice  of,  ib. 

Guye,  Thomas,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Lysreagh,  or 
Moyne-Hall,  466. 

Haberdashers-Hall  alias  Ballycastle,  the  proportion 
so  called,  583,  584;  Pynnar's  account  of^  f>.,  addi- 
tional notices,  583. 

Iladsor,  Richard,  a  freeholder  on  Lord  Aubigny's  lands 
in  Clankee,  452. 

Haig,  James,  grant  to,  292;  notice  of,  t>.;  Carew's 
account  of  in  161 1,  527. 

Ilaige,  James,  the  first  patentee  of  Tirenmuriertagh,  or 
Munterlony,  292 ;  notice  of,  id. ;  sold  his  interest  to  Sir 
George  Hamilton  and  Sir  William  Stewart,  532. 

Hall,  John,  a  lessee  on  the  proportion  of  DOTinefoghcr, 
496. 

Hamilton,  Sir  Alexander,  grant  to,  306,  469,  styled 
of  Enderwicke,  in  Scotland,  469  ;  held  the  advowsoi 
of  Killishandra,  it.;  Carew*s  account  of  in  161 1,  47a 

,  Archibald,  son  of  Sir  Claude  Hamilton  of  Cocb- 

onogh,  in  Scotland,  541  ;  appointed  Archbishop  of 
Cashell,  iV*.;  plundered  and  expelled  in  1 641,  1^.;  died 
at  Stockholm,  i^. 

,  Sir  Claude,  son  of  Sir  Alexander,  grant  to,  307 ; 


died  before  his  father,   469 ;  succeeded   by  his 
Francis,  ib. ;  sold  Clonyn  to  John  Hamilton,  47a 
-,   Sir  Claude,  brother  to  the  Earl  of  Aberoom, 


grants  to,  289 ;  Carew's  account  of  in  l6ll,  527  ;  left 
his  lands  in  charge  of  his  brotlier,  Sir  George  Hamilton, 
531. 

-,  Claude,  grant  to,  285 ;  notice  of,  it. ;  Pynnar's 


account  of  in  161 1,  564;  was  fir^t  patentee  for  tlie 
proportion  of  Edenagh  or  Edeneveagh,  567 ;  his  diqmte 
with  Robert  MaxweU,  Dean  of  Armagh,  ^. 

-,  Sir  Francis,  son  of  Sir  Claude,  and  grandson  of 


Sir  Alexander,  469  :  succeeded  to  the  estates  of  Qon- 
kine  and  Carrowtubber,  id. ;  his  controTeny  with  Sir 
James  Craig,  471. 

-,  Sir  Frederick,  youngest  brother  of  the  Earl  of 


Abcrcom,  516 ;  had  power  from  the  King  to  nomiMtf 
two  baronets,  //'.;  sold  one  of  these  titles  to  Sir  J081B 
Wilson,  1^. 

-,  Sir  George,  brother  to  the  Eari  of  Abeicon, 


grant  to,  290,  291 ;  notice  oU  290 ;  Carew's  acooonl  of 
in  161 1,  527  ;  was  expelled  from  the  if«tyi^i««  as  a 
recusant  and  papist,  530. 

,  Geoige,  a  kinsman  to  Aberoom.  a^a ;  BoUoe  o( 

iB.;  Carew^acoonntofin  161 1,  527, 


INDEX. 


605 


Hamilton,  Hans,  son  of  John,  whom  he  succeeded  in  1639, 

568. 
,  Hugh,  of  Ballygawley  in  Tyrone,  541  ;  second 

son   of  Archibald  Hamilton,    Archbishop  of  Cashell, 

/■/•.;    created    Lord    Glcnawley   in   1660,   iL\;   married 

Susanna  Balfour,  ii. 

,  James.      See  Aberconty  Earl  of. 

,  James  of  Kcckton,  bought  Drumragh  from  James 

Gibb,  and  sold  that  proportion  to  John  Archdale,  496. 
-,  Sir  James,  I^rd  Clandeboye,  his  fishings  in  the 


Bann,  ico  ;  sold  the  prioiy  of  Coleraine  to  Sir  Thomas 
Phillips,  loi  ;  conveyed  the  fishings  of  the  Bann  to 
Chichester,  171;  his  conveyance  of  the  fishings  of  Lough 
P'oyle,  177  ;  this  conveyance  void,  and  why,  iV*. ;  grant 
of  abbey  and  })riory  lands  to,  in  counties  of  Down  and 
Antrim,  392 ;  held  the  proportions  of  Keneth  and 
Cashell,  451,  452  ;  his  feoffees  on  the  lands  of  Keneth 
and  Cashell,  452  ;  had  not  taken  the  prescribed  oath 
of  supremacy,  453  ;  resided  in  Castle  Aubignie,  429. 
-,  James,   Lord  Strabane,  died  at  Ballyfatten  near 


Strabane,  529. 

,  Jane,   widow  of  Sir  Claude,  and  mother  of  Sir 

Francis  Hamilton,  469.     See  Forbesse. 

-,  John,   agent  for  Sir  Claude   Hamilton,   451  ;  a 


freeholder  on  Lord  Aubigny's  lands  of  Clonkee,  452  ; 
bought  the  proportion  of  Kilcloghan  from  John  Ralston, 
453  ;  surrendered  his  lands  and  obtained  a  re-grant  to 
save  himself  from  forfeiture,  /A ;  his  buildings,  454  ; 
bought  the  proportion  of  Clonyn  from  Sir  Claude 
Hamilton,  470  ;  sold  Clonyn  to  William  Lauder  of 
Belhaven,  ii\\  sold  the  poll  of  Killishandra  to  Sir 
F'rancis  Hamilton,  469 ;  bought  the  proportion  of 
Magherientrim,  566;  bought  tJie  proportion  of  Kil- 
ruddan,  //•. ;  his  re-grant,  567 ;  names  of  his  British 
tenants,  //5. ;  his  extensive  buildings,  ii\\  died  in  Dec, 

1639,  568. 

,  John,  a  tenant-settler,  456. 

Malcolm,    Archbishop  of  Cashell,  495  ;  bought 


the  lands  of  Dcrrinefoghcr  from  Robert  Hamilton,  ib, 
-,  Richard,  grandson  of  Sir  George,  led  the  army 


of  James  H.  against  the  northern  Protestants,  530. 

Robert,    grant    to,   303,   304;  notice  of,   303; 


Carew's  account  of  in  1611,  494;  Gatisfeth's  account 

of,  //'. ;  sold  his  lands  to  Malcolm  Hamilton,  496. 
,    William   of  Ballymeaghan,    county  of   Down, 

notice  of,  455. 
,  Sir  William,  of  Monterlony,  his  letting  of  lands 

to  the  Irish,  531  ;  grant  in  1629  of  the  manor  of  Ellis- 

towne,  il-. 
Hansard,  Sir  Richard,  grant  to,  324,  325;  notice  of,  324; 

Carew's  account  of  his  buildings  at  Lifford,  514;  owned 

the  proportion  of  Ramalton,  524. 
Hansborrow  or  Corronery,  account  of,  454* 
Hardinge,  W.   H.,  his  discovery  of  the  barony  maps  of 

1609,  197-200. 
Harp,  the  coin  so  called,  an  account  of,  256. 

,  a  musical  instrument,  reference  to,  246. 

Harper,  John,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort-Cunningham, 

507. 
Harrington,  Sir  John,  his  rage  on  hearing  of  the  Earl  of 

Tyrone's  restoration,  57. 
Harrison,  Captain,  deceased,  held  the  lands  of  Gurton, 

485 ;  his  widow  in  possession,  ib, 
,  Samuel,  grant  to,  331  ;  notice  of,  ib. 


Harrison,  the  manor  so  called,  331. 

Hart,  Henry,  grant  to,  325 ;  notice  of,  ib. ;  was  styled  of 
Muff,  524. 

Hartopp,  Valentine,  held  the  proportion  of  Merchant- 
Tailors- Hall  alias  Macoskin  in  1618,  582. 

Hastings,  Ferdinand  Lord,  married  Lucy  the  daughter  and 
heir  of  Sir  John  Davys,  485,   537 ;  created   Earl    of 
Huntington,  ib.'y  disposed  of  the  lands  of  Clonaghmore' 
and  Gravelagh,  538. 

,  the  manor  so  called,  538;  comprised  the  propor- 
tions of  Clonaghmore  and  Gravelagh,  ib. 

Hatton,  Anne,  widow  of  James,  who  died  in  1637,  had  a 
yearly  allowance  from  the  lands  of  Cloncarne,  483. 

,  Sir  Christopher,  the  dancing  chancellor,  35,  41. 

,  Edward,  Archdeacon  of  Ardagh,  bought  Clon- 
carne from  Bogas,  483  ;  died  in  1 630,  and  was  suc- 
ceeded by  his  son  James,  ib.\  held  the  manor  of 
Hunningstowne,  489. 

-,  Edward,  son  of  James,  had  a  re-grant  of  Cloncarne 


in  1629,  483. 

Hawks  sent  to  Salisbury,  222;  where  found  on  the 
Antrim  coast,  396;  letters  of  James  L  referring  to,  ib. 

Hay,  Sir  Alexander,  clerk  of  the  Scottish  Privy  Council, 
137  ;  his  family,  ib.\  his  letters,  137,  144. 

Heigate,  the  manor  so  called,  comprised  the  proportion 
of  Gortgunan,  484. 

Heley,  the  manor  so  called,  269.  See  Fynagh  and 
Rarone* 

Helwysse,  Gervais,  references  to,  235,  236. 

Henderson,  William,  an  inhabitant  of  Strabane,  529. 

Hendry,  William,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort- 
Cunningham,  507. 

Henshaw,  Lieutenant,  reference  to,  39 ;  his  base  conduct 
in  Ferpianagh,  46. 

Hepbume,  Sir  Robert,  grant  to,  287;  notice  of,  ib.\ 
Carew*s  account  of  in  161 1,  546;  his  surname  written 
Heyborne  by  Pynnar,  and  Hebron  generally  by  the  in- 
quisitions of  Ulster,  547;  sold  his  interest  to  Henry 
Stewart  before  1629,  ib.\  was  styled  of  Killaman, 
county  Tyrone,  ib. ;  names  of  his  tenants,  ib. 

Herenagh  and  Termon  lands  in  Armagh,  157;  account  of 
their  origin  and  occupancy  in  Tyrone,  162  ;  curious 
illustrations  of  the  rents  and  duties  derived  from,  162, 
163;  account  of  in  the  county  of  Coleraine,  168,  169, 
170  ;  the  ownership  of  in  Donegal,  174,  175  ;  account 
of  their  origin  and  ownership  in  Fermanagh,  180;  in- 
teresting account  of  in  Cavan,  186;  all  found  by  in- 
quisition for  the  King,  but  given  over  to  the  church, 
206  ;  how  to  be  planted,  ih.\  a  'Note' of  their  extent  in 
Ulster,  210;  in  the  six  several  counties,  ib.\  in  the 
dioceses  of  Armagh,  Deny,  Raphoe,  Clogher,  and 
Kilmore,  210,  217. 

Herenaghs  and  Termoners,  Bishop  Montgomery's  deriva- 
tions of  these  words,  170. 

Heron,  Sir  Eklward,  sold  the  proportion  of  Aghivillan, 
561. 

,  John,  grant  to,  263;  notice  of,  ib.\  died  in  Aug., 

1616,  561. 

-,  William,  a  younger  son  of  John,  561. 


negate.  Tames,  Archdeacon  of  Clogher,  484  ;  purchased 
the  lands  of  Gortgunan,  ib, ;  appointed  bishop  of  Kil- 
fenora,  485  ;  his  grants  of  lands,  ib. ;  died  in  1638,  and 
was  succeeded  in  the  estate  by  his  son  James,  t^. 

,  John,  grant  of  lands  to,  in  1639,  485. 


6o6 


INDEX. 


I  leygate,  Thomasinc,  daughter  of  Bishop  Heygate,  married 
Charles  Manyng,  485. 

Hides,  raw,  abundantly  exported  from  Ireland,  382. 

Higgins,  James,  held  the  proportion  of  Fishmongers- 
Hall  alias  Ballykelle  in  1618,  578. 

Hill,  or  Hyll,  William,  his  petition  for  compensation  for 
the  tithe  fishing  of  the  Bann,  403. 

Hilton,  George,  grant  to,  325 ;  notice  of,  il\ 

, ,  a  lessee,  515. 

Holland,  Henry,  a  fee-farmer,  538. 

Home,  Alexander,  grant  to,  305;  notice  of,  ib.\  his 
surname  written  Humes  by  Pynnar,  497 ;  sold  his  pro- 
portion to  Sir  John  Home,  or  Hume,  ib, 

,    Sir  George,    his  surname    written    Humes  by 

P)mnar  and  others,  497;   son  and  heir  of  Sir  John 
Home,  il. 

-,  Sir  John,  grant  to,  303;  notice  of,  ibr,  bought 


Dromcoose  from  Alex.  Home  or  Hume,  497 ;  bought 
Moyglasse  from  \Vm.  Fowler,  or  Fuller,  498;  family 
of,  ib. 

-,  Reinald,  original  owner  of  the  proportion  called 


Lisreagh,  466 ;  soM  it  to  Sir  Nich.  Lusher,  ib. 

Homes,  Edward,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort-Cunning- 
ham, 507. 

Honynge,  Henry,  grant  to,  279;  notice  of,  Uf.*,  Carew's 
account  of  in  161 1,  481. 

,  the  manor  so  called,  280,  sec  Dcwrosse;  Pynnar's 

account  of,  488,  489. 

Hood,  John,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Mount-Stewart, 
510. 

Hospital  for  maimed  soldiers,  contemplated  but  not 
carried  into  effect,  129;  the  commissioners  decline  to 
take  any  steps  for  its  endowment,  ib, 

Hovendeii,  Henry,  married  to  the  widow  of  Tirlagh 
O'Neill,  248  ;  is  anxious  to  return  from  exile,  //•. 

Hovendens,  Ilenry  and  Richard,  their  letter  to  the  de- 
puty, 32  ;  foster-brothers  of  the  Earl  of  Tyrone,  40. 

Hunningstowne,  the  manor  so  called,  489  ;  comprised 
the  proportion  of  Dowrosse,  ib. ;  held  jointly  by  Edward 
Hatlon  and  John  Greenham,  ib. 

Hunt,  Stephen,  a  fee-farmer  on  the  lands  of  Clonkine  and 
Carrotui)l)cr,  469  ;  a  lessee  on  the  same  lands,  470. 

Hunter,  Robert,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Castle-Cun- 
ningham, 506. 

Hutchine,  John,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort  Cunning- 
ham, 507. 

I  £y-Tuirtre,  descendants  of  Fiachra  Tort,  1 1  ;  expelled 
by  the  Ui  Xeill  from  the  territory  afterwards  known  as 
Tir-Eoghan  or  Tyrone,  ii  ;  their  settlement  on  the 
eastern  side  of  the  Bann,  ;/•. ;  chieftains  of  as  mentioned 
by  the  Four  Masters,  ib.\  neighbours,  and  generally 
allies  of  the  Fir- Lee,  ib. 


Inch,  island  of,  the  best  part  of  0'Dogherty*s  estates, 
62  ;  position  and  extent  of,  104;  how  reached,  ib, 

Incuml>cnts,  their  glebe  lands,  how  provided,  91 ;  the 
number  of  acres  set  apart  in  Tyrone,  94 ;  selling  their 
incuml)encies,  128;  the  King's  letter  reprobating  this 
traffic,  //'.;  'note*  of  the  number  of  acres  allotted  to, 
213.418. 

Iniscaltra,  on  Lough  Derg,  the  residence  of  St.  Camin, 
who  collated  and  enriched  the  Liber  Hymnorum^  105. 

Inishmore,  the  manor  so  called,  336.     See  Carrick, 


Inquisitions,  held  in  the  six  escheated  counties,  how 
made  complete,  205. 

Instructions,  for  commissioners  of  plantation,  224. 

Ir,  his  descendants  known  as  Irians^  3;  princes  of  his 
family,  4. 

Ireland,  her  probable  destiny  had  she  been  left  at  peace 
after  the  expulsion  of  the  Northmen,  19,  20;  English 
invasions  of,  20,  21  ;  fertility  of  the  soil,  133;  its  ex- 
ports and  imports,  382. 

Irish,  the  'meer,' treatment  of)  %yy  servitors  who  could 
best  rule  and  order  them,  96.     See  Natiivs. 

Irish  Society,  its  origin,  378;  number  of  its  members* 
426 ;  names  of,  ib, ;  duties  of,  ib. 

Ironmongers- Hall,  proportion  of,  Pynnar*s  account,  579, 
580;  additional  notices,  579-581. 

Iron-Ore,  account  of,  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Toome, 

371. 
Irvinge,  Christopher,  of  Lowtherstown,  a  lessee  on  the 

lands  of  Castlehassett,  49a 

Iskaheen.     See  Uisce'Chain, 


Jackson,  Thomas,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Lisreagh  or 
Moyne  Hall,  466. 

James  I.,  his  anxiety  for  Ulster  plantation,  70,  71  ;  flat- 
tered by  Davys,  71 ;  flattered  by  Chancellor  Bacon, 
71,  72  ;  commences  a  translation  of  the  Psalms,  hot 
abandons  the  task  at  the  31st  psalm,  72  ;  his  letter  to 
Chichester  ordering  a  new  surrey,  1 19 ;  his  beggariy 
disposition  133  ;  received  a  'benevolence'  from  ^ 
British  people,  ib, ;  his  letters  asking  for  hawks,  596. 

Johnes,  Joseph,  grant  to,  341  ;  notice  of /^.;  was  a  joiot- 
owner  of  the  proportion  called  TullacuUen,  468 ;  loU 
his  interest  therein  to  Sir  Oliver  Lambert,  ib, 

,  Thomas,  grant  to,  338. 

Johnson,  William,  a  fee-farmer  in  the  manor  of  Aichdak; 
487. 

Johnstowne  alias  Drumeigan,  the  manor  so  called!,  566; 
comprised  the  proportions  of  Magherientrim  and  Kit- 
ruddan,  ib, 

Jones,  Baptist,  held  the  proportion  of  Vintners-Hall  m 
1618,  586. 

Jurors,  list  of  at  Armagh,  156;  at  Dnngannon,  161 ;  at 
Limavaddic,  167;  at  the  Deny,  172  ;  at  Uflford,  or  the 
Liffer,  173;  at  Enniskillen,  179;  at  the  camp  near 
Lough  Raen,  or  Ramor,  in  Cavan,  185. 


Kannagolah,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  363; 

IVnnar's  account  of,  561,  562;  comprised  in  the  manor 

of  Clontilew,  562. 
Kams,  or  Cairns,  a  tenant-settler,  545. 
Kcnaght,  barony  of.     See  Liwuxvaddy, 
Kennedie,  John,  a  freeholder  on  Lord  Anbigny's  bmds 

in  Clonkee,  452. 
Kennedy,  David,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort-CamuB^ 

ham,  507;  held  the  proportion  called  Gorterill,  5$i: 

probably  sold  it  to  John  Sjrmington,  ib, 
,  Gilbert,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Moimt-Stcmt, 

510;  bought  lands  from  I^ord  Castlestewait,  547. 
Kerhanan,  the  proportion  so  called,  a6i ;  Pyniiar*s  ac- 
count of,  557,  558 ;  sold  to  Sir  Oliver  SL  John,  557. 
Kerns,  Alexander,  agent  for  Scottish  undertaken,  52> 
Ketin,  the  proportion  of,  better  known  n  Moopitbn* 

512. 


INDEX. 


607 


Keylagh,  tlie  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  307,  308. 

See  DromJuda. 
Kilberry,  Laird,  Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  505. 
Kilcronehan,  the  manor  so  called,  343. 
Kilkerhan,    the  proportion  and  manor  so   called,  298  ; 

sold  to  Sir  Robert  Gordon,  503  ;  subsequently  granted 

to  John  Murray,  ib.\  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib.\  names 

of  Irish  tenants  on,  ib, 
Killany,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  268  ;  names 

of  Irish  occupants,  545  ;  held  by  Richard  Cooper,  ib. 

See  Derribard. 
Killcloghan,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,   309  ; 

Pynnar's  account  of  the  buildings  thereon,  453,  454 ; 

the  number  and  names  of  freeholders  thereon,  454 ;  of 

leaseholders  and  of  native  tenants,  ib.\  sold  by  John 

Ralston  to  John  I  lamilton,  453 ;  the  oath  of  supremacy 

neglected,  454. 
Killeny,  the  proportion  so  called,  289  ;  Pynnar's  account 

of,  531  ;  in  conjunction  with  Eden  or  Teadan,  formed 

the  manor  of  EUistowne,  ib. 
Killeshandra,  owned  by  John  Hamilton  of  Corronery,  or 

Hansborjough,    469  ;   found  to  be  a  concealment,  ib. ; 

granted  by  John  Hamilton  to  Sir  Francis  Hamilton, 

ib. 
Killybegs,  its  fme  natural  harbour,  2lo. 
Kilmacrenan,   barony  of,    203  ;   comprises   the   two  old 

territories  of  Doe  and  Faynaght,  tb.\  its  acreage,  ib,\ 

its  parishes,  ib.'y  its  towns  and  villages,  ib.\  grants  in, 

322-330  ;  its  picturesque  but  generally  barren  character, 

522. 
Kilmore  and  Ardagh,  bishop  of,  purchased  the  lands  of 

Lysrcagh,  464. 

,  account  of,  185. 

Kilnagucrdan,  [Killygordon],  the  proportion  and  manor 

so  called,  272,  273;  lands  on  disputed  in  161 1,  517; 

Pynnar's  account  of  buildings  thereon,  and  the  number 

of  its  British  occupants,  517,  518. 
Kilpattrick,  Robert,  a  lessee,  515. 
Kilruddan,    the   proportion  and  manor  so  called,   285  ; 

Pynnar's  account  of,  566,  567 ;  included  in  the  manor 

of  Johnstownc  alias  Drumergan,  566. 
Kilspinan,  the  proportion  so  called,  300 ;  Pynnar's  ac- 
count of,  478  ;  names  of  Irish  tenants  on,  479  ;  twelve 

British  families  settled,  478. 
Kilultaj^h,  notice  of  this  territory,  39. 
Kilwarlin,  notice  of  this  territory,  39. 
Kingsmill,  John,   grant  to,  324;  notice  of,    ib.\  bought 

part  of  the  proportion  of  Acarine  from  Captain  Edward 

Russell,   518  ;  had  a  re-grant  in  1631,  his  lands  being 

granted  as   the   manor   of  Castlefyn,    ib.\  owned  the 

projKjrtion  of  IJallymally  or  Ballyvolly,  523  ;  died  in 

June,  1644,  ib. 
Kingstown,   the  manor  so   called,    324 ;  comprised   the 

proportion  of  Ballymally  or  Ballyvolly,  523  ;  Pynnar's 

account  of,  ib.\  names  of  its  lands,  ib. 
Kingswell,   Edward,   Esq.,  grant  to,  268;  notice  of,  ih,\ 

Carew's  account  of  him  in  161 1,  539  ;  sold  his  lands  to 

Sir  William  Stewart  in  1616,  544. 
Kinkell,  Laird  [Thomas  Moneypenny],  was  the  origrinal 

owner  of  Aghalane,  477 ;  sold  it  to  Thomas  Crichton, 

477. 
Kinncigh,  or  Keneth,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  . 
308,    309  ;  sold   to   Sir  James   Hamilton,  451,   452  ; 
Pynnar's  report  of,  ib. ;  granted  to  Sir  Henry  Pierse, 


453 ;  lists  of  freeholders  and  leaseholders  thereon,  452, 

453.     See  Casheil,  county  Cavan. 
Kinsman,  *one',  to  be  compounded  with  for  his  interest  in 

the  customs  at  Derry,  403. 
Knight's  service,  tenure  by,  account  of,  81 ;  repudiated 

by  tho  undertakers,  89. 
Knockbailymore,  manor  of,  owned  by  the  Hattons,  and 

comprised  the  proportion  of  Cloncame,  483. 
Knockdufife,  the  manor  so  called,  310. 
Knocklayd,  where,  i ;  view  from  ib. 
Knockninny,  barony  of,  its  position,  203  ;  its  acreage  and 

surface,  ib.\  parts  of  parishes  therein,  ti. ;  the  precinct 

of,  299  ;  grants  to  undertakers  in,  299-303. 

Lac  YES,  the,  their  plantations  on  the  coasts  of  Ulster,  70. 

Lainge,  Gilbert,  a  lessee  on  the  proportion  of  Derrine- 
fogher,  496, 

Lambert,  Sir  Oliver,  grant  to,  340,  341;  notice  of,  ib.\  no 
orator,  406  ;  his  mission  to  London  in  16 10,  406  ;  pro- 
positions delivered  by  him  to  the  council  in  London, 
with  the  answers  of  the  latter,  407-4.19  ;  his  proportion 
of  Carng,  468  ;  had  built  nothing  tnereon  in  161 1,  i^.; 
Pynnar's  reference  to  his  buildings  in  1618,  ib.\  his 
proportion  called  Tullacullen,  ib.\  leased  lands  to 
James  Large,  ib.\  died  in  June,  1 618,  ib. 

Land  Measures,  names  of,  79. 

Lane,  Thomas,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Heigate,  485. 

Larga,  the  proportion  so  called,  made  up  o?  concealed 
lands,  474  ;  Pynnar's  reference  to  it,  iB. ;  subsequently 
known  as  the  manor  of  Pinnar  and  Parsonstowne,  H, 

Largie,  the  manor  so  called,  315  ;  written  Largg  by 
Pynnar,  552  ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  552,  553. 

Largie  alias  Cloghogenall,  the  proportion  so  called,  290, 
291 ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  530. 

Latgir,  the  proportion  so  called,  275 ;  Pynnar's  account 
of  buildings  thereon,  482  ;  names  of  British  tenants,  ib, ; 
sold  before  1630,  ib. ;  re-grant  of  in  1630  to  Lord  Robert 
Dillon  and  Francis  Annesley  Lord  Mountnorris,  ib.\ 
names  of  British  tenants  thereon,  ib. 

Laugh  ton,  William,  a  fee-farmer,  538. 

Lawder,  Alexander,  son  of  William,  sold  Clonyn  to  Sir 
Alexander  Hamilton,  470. 

,  George,  a  fee- farmer  on  the  lands  of  Clonyn, 

,   William,  grant  to,  285  ;  notice  of  ib. ;  bought 

the  proportion  of  Clonyn  from  John  Hamilton,  270 ; 

Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  563,  564  ;  sold  Kilruddan, 

566. 
Lawes,  Samuel,  an  inhabitant  of  Strabane,  529. 
Lawrence,  Michael,  a  tenant -settler,  547. 
Lawton,  William  and  Thomas,  fee-farmers,  487. 
Leanagh    and    Corragh,    lands    so    called,   granted    to 

McSwyne  Bannagh,  526;  Pynnars's  account  of,  ib. 
Leap,  near  Coleraine,  accomit  of,  369. 
Lee,    Captain  Thomas,   his  "Brief   Declaration  of  the 

Government  of  Ireland,"  35  ;  his  reference  to  the  unfair 

treatment  of  the  Earl  of  Tyrone,  ib ;  his  account  of 

Hugh  Gaveloc's  career  and  execution,  ib. 
Legan,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  300. 
Leggacorry,   the  proportion  so  called,   260 ;    Pynnar's 

account  of,   562,   563 ;  sold  to  John  S)rmonds,   562 ; 

granted  to  Sir  William  Alexander,  ib. 
Leicester,  Earl  of,  notice  of,  41  ;  Naunton's  account  of^ 

.lb 


6o8 


INDEX. 


Leich,  George,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort  Cunning- 
ham, 507. 

Leigh,  Sir  Arthur,  son  of  Daniel,  and  heir  to  John 
Liigh,  his  uncle,  543. 

,  Daniel,  brother  of  John  and  Edmond,  543. 

,  Edmond,  one  of  the  three  brothers,  died  in  1608, 

543- 
,  John,  grant  to,  265 ;  notice  of,  265,  543 ;  sold 

his  lancis  to  Captain  James  Mervin,  543  ;  his  memorial 
to  the  King  on  the  subject  of  disputed  lands,  Uf. ;  died 
in  Dec,  163 1,  lA;  names  of  the  Irish  to  whom  he  let 
his  lands,  543. 
Leitrim  or  Latr>-me,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called, 
301;  sold  by  Sir  John  Wishart  to  Sir  Stephen  Butler, 
479  J  Py'^'^^''"'s  account  of  the  buildings  thereon,  and  of 
the  nuniber  of  lessees,  479,  480 ;  the  buildings  subse- 
quently erected,  tB, ;  names  of  Irish  tenants,  480. 

Lennox,  the  Duke  of,  grants  to,  293 ;  notice  of  id, ; 
Carew's  reference  to  in  1611,  505;  the  succeeding 
dukes,  512,  513;  Scotstarvet's  account  of,  513;  the 
three  proportions  to  be  held  for  the  Lennox  family  by 
Sir  James  FuUerton  and  Sir  David  Murray,  iB, ;  their 
castle  of  Magevlin  to  be  entrusted  to  Thomas  Holmes, 
ib, 

Leslie,  Henry,  Dean  of  Down,  his  hostility  to  the  Bishop 
of  Clogher,  540 ;  when  appointed  Bishop  of  Down, 
prayed  his  brother  of  Clogher  that  the  law  of  amttfstia 
might  prevail  between  them,  ib. 

Lettergull,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  293;  Pyn- 
nar's  account  of,  512. 

Letterkcnny,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  523 ; 
originally  owned  by  Captain  Patrick  Crawford,  i^.; 
Pynnar's  account  of,  iB. 

l^y,  Sir  James,  the  Irish  Chief  Justice  in  1608,  67  ;  the 
King's  letter  in  reference  to,  ib.;  sent  to  London,  in 
company  with  Davys,  to  explain  the  plantation  scheme, 
68. 

Leycester,  Robert,  had  a  grant  of  the  lands  belonging  to 
the  Franciscan  friary  of  Omagh  or  Omey,  94. 

LifTer,  the  town  of,  arrival  of  the  commissioners  of  plan- 
tation at,  173;  Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  514. 

I^ifTord,  barony  of,  now  comprised  in  the  barony  of  Raphoe, 

202  ;  once  a  plantation  precinct,  ib.;  native  people  of, 

how  treated,  229. 

,  John,  cleric,  a  tenant-settler,  547. 

Lighterfoot,    Richard,   a  freeholder  on  Lord  Aubigney's 

lands  in  Clonkee,  452 ;  and  on  the  lands  of  Clonkine 

and  Carrotubber,  469. 
Limavaddy,  barony  of,  388,  389;  names  of  'proportions' 

in,  //'. 
:   town,   name  of,    355 ;   its  castle,   iB ;    Carew's 

account  of  buildings  at,  572. 
Limerick,  Bishop  of,  his  alarming  gossip  about  the  Earl 

of    Tyrone's    return    to    Ulster,     151 ;    his    letter   to 

Chichester,  150,  151. 
Lindsey,  Bernard,  grant  to,  288;  notice  of,  ib.\  Carew's 

account  of  in  161 1,  546  ;  sold  his  proportion  to  Alex. 

Richardson,  550. 
,  Jerome,    grant  to,    304,   305 ;    notice   of,  304  ; 

Carew's  account  of  in  1611,  494  ;  sold  his  lands  to  Sir 

William  Cole,  ib, 

,  Mrs.,  widow  of  Robert  Lindsey,  who  died  before 


Lindsey,  Robert,  grant  to,  288 ;  notice  of,  ib. ;  Carew's 

account  of  in  161 1,  546. 
,  Robert,  son  of  Robert,  obtained  a  re-grant  of  his 

lands  of  Tullaghoge  in  1630,  549;  his  misadventure,  «^. 
,   the  manor  so  called,  549  ;  comprised  the  pro- 


portion of  Tullaghoge,  ib. 
Lisconnor,  proportion  so  called,  459 ;  held   by  Captain 

Reley,  ib. ;  F^nar's  account  of,  tb. 
Liscurron,  proportion  so  called,  460 ;  Pynnar's  account 

of,  ib. 
Lisfrisk.     See  Lysrake, 

Lisgoole,  abbey  of,  108 ;  Chichester's  account  of  the 
locality;  ib,\  Davys's  'proportion'  adjoins  the  lands  of^ 
182;  cemetery  of  the  Maguires  in,  tb.\  P3rnnar*s  refer- 
ence to  Davys's  proportion  under  the  name  of  Lisgow- 
ley,  485. 

Lislapp,  the  proportion  so  called,  289  ;  Pynnar's  account 
of,  523.     i^tt  Newiowfu. 

Lismolmoghan,  the  proportion  so  called,  295  ;  Pynnar's 
notice  of,  513. 

Lismongan,  the  name  of  lands  held  by  Sir  Thomas 
Coach  in  1620,  521  ;  Pjmnar's  account  of,  521,  522 ; 
names  of  its  lands  in  dispute  between  Sir  Tbonuu 
Coach  and  the  Bishop  of  Raphoe,  521. 

Lisreagh,  originally  owned  by  Reinald  Horn,  466  ;  sold 
by  him  to  Sir  N.  Lusher,  tb. ;  sold  by  the  latter  to  Sir 
George  Main  waring,  ib.\  Pynnar's  account  of,  H.', 
known  afterwards  as  the  manor  of  Moyne  Hall,  467  ; 
buildings  on,  ib* 

Lissendarragh,  the  manor  so  called,  341. 

List  of  Irish  leaders  under  the  Earl  of  Tyrone  in  1595, 

43- 

of  English  applicants  for  lands  in  Ulster,  144- 

149 ;  of  no  applicants  in  these  companies  only  28 
obtained  lands,  144 ;  the  majority  of  them  want^l  to 
have  lands  in  county  Armagh,  149. 

of  Scottish  applicants  for  lands  in  Ulster,  156- 


144  ;  of  the  77  applicants  here  named  only  13  obtamed 
'proportions*  of  the  forfeited  lands,  137. 

of  places  for  meeting  among  the  British  settlen 


1618,  549. 


in  Ulster,  216. 
Lithe,    Robert,   a    map-maker,   sent  by   Buxghley  into 

Ulster,  170  ;  his  reasons  for  abandoning  his  work,  ii. 
Loch,  John,  a  leaseholder  on  Lord  Aubigny's  lai^  in 

Clonkee,  452. 
Loch-inis-0'Lynn,  notice  of  this  lake-dvrellin^  166^  167. 

Lochnorris,  Laird.     See  Crawford^  George. 

Lockington.  Edward,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Lisreagh  or 

Moyne- Hall,  466. 
Lodge,  Thomas,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Mount-Stewazt, 

510. 
Loftus,    Sir  Adam,    in  conjunction    with    Sir  William 

Parsons,  obtained  a  grant  of  the  two  proportions  of 

Drumynshin  and  Necame,  486 ;    notice  oC   <^> ;  Us 

family,  498. 
Logh-rammar    alias  manor    of   Chichester,    343,  458; 

Pynnar's  account  of,  458. 
Lokard,  Alexander,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Uoont- 

Stewart,  510. 
,  Hugh,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort-Cunninghan, 

507. 
Londonderry,  county  of,  fragments  of  which  it  is  ooa* 
posed,  354 ;  roads  in,  416 ;  prices  of  Tictoab  iBv  42^ 


INDEX. 


609 


Londoners,  tlieir  Plantation,  354-444;  how  they  began, 
358;  their  first  'precept,'  359;  motives  and  reasons 
which  influenced  them,  360-362 ;  estimate  of  what 
their  outlay  ought  to  be,  360  ;  the  profits  they  might 
expect  from  their  plantation,  362,  363  ;  object  of  their 
second  'precept,'  363,  364 ;  members  appointed 
to  meet  the  council,  364,  365 ;  four  agents  ap- 
pointed to  visit  O'Cahan's  country,  365,  366  ;  names 
of  the  four  viewers  thus  appointed,  366  ;  instructions 
of  the  council  as  to  their  treatment  whilst  in  Ireland, 
366,  367;  accounts  of  their  arrival  in  Ulster,  368,  369; 
what  they  saw  and  heard  at  Limavaddy,  369,  370 ; 
witnessed  iron  anil  steel  being  manufactured  by  a  native 
smith  at  Toome,  370  ;  where  they  travelled  in  O'Cahan's 
countr)-,  370,  371  ;  carried  back  to  London  samples 
of  various  commodities  from  Ulster,  371  ;  their  report 
of  what  they  saw  in  O'Cahan's  country,  and  of  its 
capabilities  as  a  place  of  settlement,  373-377  ;  their 
report  adopted,  377,  378  ;  names  of  those  appointed 
to  superintend  the  whole  work  of  plantation  378 ; 
their  three  conferences  with  the  commissioners  for  Irish 
causes,  379-383  ;  names  of  the  deputies  who  signed  the 
'Articles'  384 ;  the  Articles  of  Agreement,  384-386  ; 
the  inmiense  extent  of  the  lands  conveyed  by  their 
grant,  386,  387  ;  names  of  their  lands,  387-392  ;  their 
arrani^ements  about  commencing  the  work,  403,  404  ; 
they  send  two  agents  to  Derry  and  Coleraine,  Beres- 
ford  and  Rowley,  404 ;  complained  against  by  Sir 
Oliver  St.  John,  405,  406 ;  their  active  progress  at 
Coleraine,  406 ;  how  they  commenced  in  Loughin- 
sholin,  407;  refused  to  part  with  the  barony  of  lyough- 
insholin,  417 ;  consented  to  permit  undertakers  in 
DoncL^al  and  Tyrone  to  have  timber  for  building, 
419  ;  complaints  against  for  various  delinquincies, 
419  ;  arraigned  for  neglecting  their  engagements  to 
the  Government,  419-421;  their  complaints  in  reply, 
421-425  ;  held  on  by  the  natives  as  a  necessity,  424; 
demanded  several  fishings  to  be  surrendered  to 
them,  425 ;  lands  demanded  by  them,  425 ;  their 
representative  Irish  Society  appointed,  426;  their 
charter  and  its  provisions,  426,  427  ;  appointed  two 
deputies  to  visit  Ulster,  viz.,  .Smithes  and  Springham, 
428  ;  approved  of  these  deputies'  conduct,  and  accepted 
their  report,  428,  429  ;  presented  silver-gilt  communion 
cups  to  the  churches  of  Derry  and  Coleraine,  429 ; 
their  lands  divided  into  12  parts  and  mapped,  428, 
431  ;  their  property  that  could  not  be  divided,  430 ; 
conflicts  and  litigations  amongst  themselves,  430,  431 ; 
cast  lots  for  the  12  proportions,  431,  432;  names 
of  the  leading  and  minor  companies,  432-434  ;  the 
lands  given  over  by  the  Irish  Society  to  the  12  com- 
panies, 434 ;  conveyances  from  the  society  to  the 
co)nj)anies,  //;. ;  the  properties  held  by  the  Society  in 
its  own  possession,  ih.)  the  form  of  certificate  from  the 
Society  to  the  several  companies,  435  ;  the  quantity  of 
land  supposed  to  be  surrenderetl  to  each  company,  436; 
the  real  extent  of  each  grant,  ib. ;  their  estates  over-run 
by  the  Irish,  440 ;  receive  licence  to  hold  their  lands 
in  Mortmain,  438,  439  ;  difficulty  of  letting  their  lands 
to  English  or  Scottish  tenants,  442,  443 ;  number  of 
freeholders,  lessees,  and  cottagers  planted  in,  589 ; 
Pynnar's  account  of,  ib. 

Lot,   mode  of  distribution  by,  80,  92;  Chichester's  ob- 
jections to,  ib.'f   only  introduced  in  a  very  modified 

B  3 


style,  125. 

Lough  Derg,  the  buildings  on  its  island  demolished,  537 ; 
its  abbot  and  forty  friars  expelled,  ib. ;  number  of 
pilgrims  to  at  the  present  day,  ib. ;  lands  that  belonged 
to  its  religious  houses,  ib. 

Lough  Erne,  its  extent,  107 ;  its  islands,  ib. ;  attractions, 
ib.\  the  several  counties  to  which  it  belongs,  182. 

Loughgall,  anciently  Lough  Galie,  218;  notice  of,/^  . 

Loughgilly,  the  patronage  of  in  dispute,  565. 

Loughinsholin,  the  barony  of,  390-392  ;  names  of  pro- 
portions in,  ib. ;  map  of  in  1609,  390  ;  Carew's  account 
of  in  161 1,  572. 

,  Fort  and  district  of,  252. 

Lough  Raen,  now  Ramor,  letter  of  Davys  from,  188,  189; 
description  of,  189. 

I^oughtee,  or  lyoughty,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  204;  its 
beautiful  scener)',  ib, ;  bisected  throughout  by  the  Erne, 
iq. ;  its  parishes,  towns,  and  villages,  id. ;  the  precinct 
of,  280  ;  grants  in,  280-283. 

Lowther,  Sir  Gerard,  held  for  a  time  the  two  proportions 
of  Dnimynshin  and  Necame,  486  ;  notices  of,  486,  487, 
488;  owned  the  lands  of  Moyenner  and  Ballegalin  or 
Ballygawley,  541,  542. 

,  manor  so  called,  486 ;  comprised  the  two  pro- 
portions of  Dnimynshin  and  Necarne,  ib. 

Lurg,  barony  of,  comprises  the  two  old  districts  of  Lurg 
and  Coolemckeman,  204 ;  its  acreage,  parishes,  towns, 
and  villages,  ib. 

Lurg  and  Coolemakernan,  the  precinct  of,  276 ;  grants 
in,  276-280. 

Lurga,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  273,  274  ; 
sold  by  Sir  Maurice  Berkeley  to  Sir  Ralph  Bingley, 
520;  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib.',  names  of  Brittish  settlers 
on,  ib.\  names  of  Irish  tenants  on,  521. 

Lusher,  Sir  Nicholas,  grant  to,  282;  notice  of,  ib. ;  bought 
the  proportion  called  Lisreagh  from  Reinald  Home, 
466 ;  sold  it  to  Sir  George  Mainwairing,  ib. ;  names  of 
tenants  to  whom  he  had  granted  leases,  ib. 

,  William, .  son  of  Sir  Nicholas,   bought  William 

Snow's  proportion  called  Tonagh,  467  ;  Carew's  ac- 
count of  him,  ib.\  sold  his  lands  to  Peter  Ameas,  ib.\ 
his  kindness  to  Sir  Donnell  O'Cahan  and  Sir  Niall 
O'Donnell,  234,  236. 

Luss,  Laird,  of.  Sir  John  Colquhoun,  represented  a  very 
old  clan,  511. 

Lynford,  George,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Clonyn,  470. 

Lynn,  William,  owned  240  acres  called  Largavracke, 
and  108  acres  called  Carroreagh,  525,  526. ;  Pynnar's 
account  of,  ih,;  died  in  1633,  ^^^  ^^  succeeded  by  his 
nephew,  also  named  William  Lynn,  ib, 

Lyons,  Captain,  a  joint  owner  of  the  proportion  called 
TuUaculfen,  468  ;  sold  his  interest  therein  to  Sir  Oliver 
I^ambert,  ib, 

Lyskeagh,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  282. 

Lyslay,  Nicholas,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Lisreagh  or 
Moyne  Hall,  466. 

Lysreske,  the  proportion  so  called,  276 ;  Pynnar's  ac- 
count of,  482,  483. 


Macartans,  their  country^  notice  of,  39. 

MacAula,  Alexander,  grant  to,  294;  notice  of,  i^,\ 
Carew's  accomit  of,  in  161 1  505;  Pynnar  names  him 
McAwlcy  alias  Stewart ;   Carew's  account  of  his  dis- 


6io 


INDEX. 


pute  with  Sir  Ralph  Bingley,  i^.;  King's  letter  relating 

to  the  same  matter,  ib. ;  sold  his  lands  to  Alexander 

Stewart,  ib.     See  Stnoart^  Alexander. 
MacCann,  Carbery  ,Carew*s  account  of  in  i6ii,  569. 
MacCanns,  anciently  the  Clan  Breasail,  8  ;  their  descent 

from  Colla  da  Chrioch,  ih. ;  their  territory,  ib. 
MacCaislan,  Oliver,  an  inhabitant  of  Strabane,  529. 
MacCloskics,  the,  notice  of,  354,  355. 
MacCrccry,  Andrew,  a  tenant-settler,  545. 
MacCulloch,  James,  grant  to,  298  ;  notice  of,  ib. ;  let  his 

lands  to  Patrick  Ncmock  in  1612,   504;    sold  them  to 

Sir  Rol)crt  Gordon,  ib. 

,  Michael,  a  tenant-farmer,  545. 

MacCuUogh,   David,  a   fee-farmer  on  John   Hamilton's 

land  in  Clonkee,  454. 
Macdonnell,  Ineen  dubh,  the  mother  of  the  Earl  of  Tyr- 

connell,  130  ;  is  granted  16  quarters  of  land  in  county 

Donegal,    131*;  is  granted  finally  but  600  acres,  228, 

328. 
,  Sir  Randal,  his  surrender  of  lands  near  Coleraine, 

395-397  ;  terms  of  the  surrender,  396,  397  ;  names  of 

the  lands  surrendered,  ih. 
MacEllanes,  or  Macleans,  their  sojourn  in  Ulster,  35. 
MacKarne,  David,  a  tenant-settler,  545. 
McKecoge,  Donnell,  a  lessee,  515. 
Mackee,  Sir  Patrick,  grant  to,  297;  notice  of,  ib.\  sold 

his  lan;.ts  to  Sir  Robert  Gordon,  502. 
Mackcson,  George,  alleged  Dean  of  Armagh,  565. 
MacKilmun,   Donnell,   a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Castle 

Cunningham,  506. 
MacKilmurry,  John,  a  tenant-settler,  545. 
MacKitrick,  John,  a  tenant-settler,  545. 
Maclean,  Catharine,  of  Mull,  her  two  marriages  in  Ulster, 

33;   living  in    1 605,    ib.\    mother  of    Hugh  Gaveloc 

O'Neill,  ib. 
Maclellan,  Robert,  grant  to,  296  ;  notice  of,  ib,  •  sold  his 

interest  in  the  Rosses  to  John  Murray,  501  ;  held  the 

proportion  of  Haberdashers- Hall  alias  Ballycastle  in 

161  o,  583  ;  held  the  proportion  of  Cloth  workers-Hall 

in  1 618,  584. 
Macmahon,    Brian   McHugh   Oge,  notice  of  his  family, 

49 ;  Dillon's  account  of,  ib. ;  his  marriage  with  Lady 

Mary  O'Neill,  ib.\  his  petition  to  the  Queen,  55. 


i  PC 

[C 


,  Ever  McCollo  [Cu-Uladh],  his  petition  to  the 
Queen,  55. 

-,  Hugh  Roe,  his  cruel  seizure  and  execution,  37, 


48  ;  his  lands  divided,  48,  51,  52. 

,  Patrick  McCollo,  treacherously  murdered,  49. 

-,  Rosse,  his  family,  41  ;  son-in-law  to  Tyrone,  iB, ; 


names  of  his  lands,  ib! 

Macmalions,  names  of  six  gentlemen  of  this  clan  among 
whom  the  lands  of  Monaghan  were  divided,  52. 

MacMathe,  Archibald,  a  lessee,  515. 

McSwyne,  Bannagh,  Carew's  account  of,  in  161 1,  523; 
his  lands  granted  in  two  proportions,  526  ;  his  dispute 
with  Captain  Ellis  in  161 1,  /A;  Carews  account  of  his 
own  decision  of  the  controversy,  ib, 

,  Donnell  Fanad,  his  two  proportions,  526. 

,  Mulmorie-na-Doe,his  lands  called  Moyntmellan, 

526  ;  in  1630  received  a  re-grant,  ib, 

,  Walter  McLaughlin,  his  grant  of  896  acres,  527. 

MacSwyncs,  the  three  branches  or  families  of,  176;  each 
family  to  have  2,000  acres  under  the  plantation  regula- 
tions, 228 ;  grants  to,  327,  328 ;  notices  of,  ib. 


MacTaggart,  William,  first  Dean  of  Deny  after  the  Re- 
formation, 98. 

MacTelligh,  Maurice,  Pynnar's  accoant  of  his  boildingi, 
460. 

MacTirlagh,  Phillip,  grant  to,  468  ;  Pynnar's  acooant  of 
his  buildings,  ib. 

MacVittye,  John,  a  lessee  on  the  minor  of  Clonkine  and 
Carrotubber,  470. 

Madder,  John,  bought  lands  from  Captain  Alexander 
Sanderson,  548. 

Maelseachlainn,  or  Malachy,  an  Ulster  Hy-Niall  prince 
chosen  monarch  of  Ireland,  15  ;  defeated  the  Norsemen 
at  Tara  and  Dublin,  15  ;  carried  off,  as  trophies,  from 
the  battle-field  near  the  latter  place,  the  collar  of  Tomar 
and  sword  of  Carlus,  ib. ;  deposed  by  Brian  Boiroimhe, 
16;  r^ains  possession  of  the  chief  throne,  A;  his 
death  and  place  of  interment,  ib» 

Magauran,  Felim,  his  lands  and  buildings,  474  ;  his  death 
in  1622,  ib, 

Magavelin,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  293. 
See  Mongccvtlin, 

Ma^heramome,  anciently  the  name  of  a  baronj,  4S; 
violently  seized  by  Sir  Henry  Bagnall,  ib, 

Magheryboy,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  parishes,  and  viUages» 
204 ;  precinct  of,  303  ;  grants  in,  ib, 

Magheryentrim,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  184, 
285 ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  566 ;  sold  to  John  Haadltooi* 
ib. ;  comprised  in  the  manor  of  Johnstowne  alias  Dm- 
mergan,  ih, 

Maghirlecow,  the  lake-dwelling  of,  218,  250,  252. 

Magh  Rath,  great  battle  at,  9,  10. 

Magilliganes,  notice  of  the,  354. 

Magrath,  Myler,  Archbishop  of  Cashell,  183  ;  cUspute 
with  Bishop  Montgomery  about  Termon  Magrath,  ift.; 
his  career,  184 ;  his  numerous  grants  from  the  Crown, 
188;  report  on  hb  flagrant  alienationsof  church  propei^hr, 
ib, ;  his  trial  and  conviction  for  seditious  speedies,  i«^ 
189;  his  co-adjutor,  William  Knight,  189;  had  a  cm> 
todiam  of  the  sees  of  Killaloe  and  Ardconry,  417. 

Maguire,  Bryan,  grant  to,  336 ;  notice  of  ib. ;  Carew's  ac- 
count of  in  161 1,  492  ;  sketch  of  his  descendants,  49a, 

493. 

',  Coimor  Roe,  held  a  grant  of  all  Fermana^  61 ; 

surrendered    this   grant   and   got  three  baronies,  ib,\ 

confined  to  one  barony,  and  at  last  to  a  portion  of  the 

latter,  ib, ;  names  of  the  baronies  assigpea  to  him,  109 ; 

known  as  Mag  UidkirGaUda^  orthe"  English  Maguire^" 

109,  no;  Chichester's  account  of  him,  no;  dissatis6ed 

by  the  conduct  of  the  plantation  commissionen,  229 ; 

forced  to  give  way  to  Lord  Burleigh,  41 1. 

,  Cuconnaght,  brother    to  Sir  Hogfa,  dis 


with  the  division  of  his  'country'  between  himsdf  and 
Connor  Roc,  61  ;  escaped  with  the  earls  from  Ulster, 
ib, ;  died  at  Genoa,  ib. ;  names  of  the  baronies  in  Fer- 
managh assigned  as  his  division  of  its  lands,  109. 

',  Edmond,  his  son's  head  cut  off,  47. 

,  Sir  Hugh,  his  statement  of  grievances,  46^  47 ; 


his  petition  to  the  Queen,  5$  ;  slain  daring  the  war,  60; 
his  widow  was  granted  8  quarters  of  land  in  Fennanigb, 

130.  n^- 

Maguires,  or  Mag  Uidhir,  a  sept  of  the  Oiighialla,  8; 

their  territory,  ib^\  adherents  of  the  O'Neills,  iQi 
Mainwaring,  Sir  George,  boueht  the  lands  of  Lineagli 

from  Nich.  Lusher,  466;  toe  names  of  U 


INDEX. 


6ll 


466,  467  ;  sold  his  estate  to  the  Bishop  of  Kilmore  and 
Ardagh,  467. 

Malachy.     See  Maelseachlainn. 

Manister,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  272  ;  sold 
by  Sir  William  Barnes  to  Sir  John  Kingsmill  and  Wm. 
Willson,  522  ;  finally  included  with  the  proportion  of 
Acarine,  in  the  manor  of  Willsonsforte,  io. 

Manor,  what,  84 ;  its  former  piivilegcs,  ib, 

Mansfield,  Francis,  holds  the  patent  originally  granted  by 
James  I.  to  his  ancestor,  Captain  Ralph  Mansfield,  517; 
is  descended  maternally  from  an  Earl  of  Eglinton,  ib, 

,  Captain   Ralphe,   grant   to,   272;  notice  of,  ib,\ 

Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  514;  his  disputes  with  Sir 
John  Davys  and  Captain  Russell  on  the  question  of 
mearings,  517;  Carew's  account  of  these  disputes  in 
161 1,  ib.\  had  a  re-grant  in  1 63 1,  ib, 

Manyng,  Charles,  married  Thomasine  Heygate,  485. 

Map-maker,  a,  slain  by  the  people  of  Tyrconnell,  169, 17a 

Maps,  made  of  the  several  baronies  in  the  six  escheated 
counties,  126;  the  maps  for  Donegal  and  Coleraine 
counties  not  yet  discovered,  //\ ;  how  they  were  made, 
154,  205  ;  discovery  of,  in  the  State  Papers  office,  by  Mr. 
Hardinge,  197-200;  the  colours  of  the  several  propor- 
tions in,  198;  no  steady  rule  of  north  and  south  in, 
198,  199;  their  admission  as  evidence  in  a  land  case, 
200;  list  of  the  barony  maps  discovered,  ib, 

Marburie,  or  Malbury,  Sir  George,  married  the  widow  of 
Captain  Patrick  Crawford,  and  obtained  a  patent  for 
the  proportion  of  Letterkenny,  523;  was  one  of  Sir 
Richard  Hansard's  executors,  ib. 

Martin,  John,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Castle-Cunningham, 
506. 

Matchett,  James,  clerk,  grant  to,  261;  notice  of,  ib,\ 
Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  555;  sold  his  lands  of 
Kerhanan  or  Keman  to  Sir  Oliver  St.  John,  557. 

Maugher)',  its  position  and  acreage,  251. 

Maunde,   Clinton,   a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Latgare,  in 

Fermanagh,  482. 
Maundcrson,   Adam,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Clonkine 

and  Carrot  ubber,  470. 
Maximilian  Van  der  Lever,  the  Dutch  trader,  182;  his 

offer  to  settle  the  islands  of  Lough  Erne  with  Hollanders, 

ib.'y  his  suit  recommended  by  Davys,  ib. 
Maxwell,  Alexander,  a  tenant-settler,  545. 

,  Herbert,  a  tenant-settler,  545. 

,  James,  a  lessee,  515. 

,  John  of  Quillcs,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Castle- 

hassett,  490. 

-,  Robert,  Dean  of  Armagh,  his  dispute  with  John 


Hamilton,  567 ;  his  grant  from  the  Crown,  ih, 
Mayola,  an  account  of  that  river,  176. 

McCull,  Revelin,  a  leader  of  woodkeme,  441. 

Meador,  or  methar,  description  of,  163,  173. 

Meesach,  or  reliquary,  account  of,  174;  inscription  on,  ib,\ 

uses  of,  //'. 
Mercers- Hall  alias  Mavanaway,  the  proportion  so  called, 

581,  582;  Pynnar's  account  of,  iB.\  additional  notices, 

581. 
Merchant-Tailors- Hall  alias  Macoskin,  the  proportion  so 

called,  582,   583  ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  ih, ;  additional 

notices,  ib. 
Mervin,  Captain,  his  recovery  of  lands  from  the  Bishop  of 

Cloghcr,  536-537. 


Mervin,  Sir  Henry,  bought  the  lands  of  his  two  cousins, 
the  Tuchets,  543, 

,  James,  son  of  Sir  Henry,  had  a  grant  from  his 

father  of  the  proportions  of  Fentonagh,  Edergoole,  the 
Brade,  and  Carnevrackan,  543;  his  re-grant  of  these' 
proportions,  in  July,   1630,  as  created  into  the  three 
manors  of  Stoy,  Tuchet,  and  Arleston,  ih, 

Milesian  colonists,  arrival  of,  3. 

Miller,  Walter,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  William  Baillie, 
county  Cavan.  456. 

Moiagh  aP  Ballyaghan,  the  proportion  and  manor  so 
called,  295  ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  506  ;  names  of 
British  settlers  on,  507 ;  known  as  the  manor  of  Fort- 
Cunningham,  U>, 

Molsed,  John,  alessee  on  themanor  of  Castle-Cunningham, 
506. 

Moneypenny,  Thomas,  grant  to,  301,  302 ;  notice  of,  ib, 

Mongavlin,  sometimes  called  Ketin,  a  proportion  owned 
by  the  Dukes  of  Lennox,  512;  Pynnar's  account  of, 
512,  513. 

Monopolies,  patents  for,  to  be  withdrawn  in  favour  of  the 
Londoners,  383,  423. 

Monterlony,  or  Terenemuricrtagh,  292 ;  Pynnar's  account 
of,  532.     See  Muinterlony, 

Montgomery,  Alexander,  prebend  of  Doe,  211,  212. 

,  George,  the  Bishop,  his  scheme  for  renovating 

the  Church  in  Ulster,  91 ;  his  proposal  to  convert  the 
old  abbey  of  Donegal  to  certain  secular  uses,  105;  his 
complaint  because  he  had  not  been  put  upon  the  com- 
mission of  survey  in  1608,  120,  121  ;  Chichester  and 
Davys  refer  to  his  complaints  on  this  point,  121 ;  he  and 
other  northern  bishops  put  on  the  commission  of  1609, 
ib,\  his  arrival  in  the  camp  at  Limavady,  170;  takes 
exception  to  the  verdict  of  the  jurors  on  the  ownership 
of  herenagh  lands,  ib, ;  his  derivations  of  the  terms 
herenaghs  and  termoners,  ib.\  his  doctrine  on  the 
subject  of  termon  and  herenagh  lands,  ib, ;  his  dispute 
with  Myler  Magrath,  183;  his  prominence  in  the  con- 
ference between  the  commissioners  and  bishops,  206, 
209 ;  his  great  efforts  in  bringing  settlers  from  Scotland, 
210-212:  names  of  certain  kinsmen  settled  in  Ulster, 
211. 

-,  Hugh  of  Derrybrosk,  21 1. 


^  Hugh  of  Derrygonnelly,  married  to  a  grand- 
daughter of  Sir  John  Dunbar,  49S ;  account  of  his 
residence,  ib. 

y  John,  a  tenant  settler,  545. 

,  Nicholas,  of  Derrygonnelly,  211. 

,  Robert,  a  lessee  on  the  proportion  of  Derryanyc, 

48a 

,    William,  compiler  of  the  Montgomtry  ManU' 

scripts f  his  visit  to  Derrygonnelly,  478 ;  his  account  of 
a  sword  supposed  to  liave  belonged  to  King  Robert 
Bruce,  ib,\  his  account  of  the  outbreak  of  1641,  as 
remembered  by  him  when  a  boy  at  Newtownstewart, 
534. 

Moore,  Archibald  and  Brent,  346,  347  ;  notice  of,  346 ; 
Archibald  occupied,  with  his  wife  and  family,  a  residence 
on  the  proportion  of  Tullavin,  459  ;  bought  these  lands 
fipom  Lieutenants  Atkinson  and  Russell,  468. 

^  Edward,  a  fee-farmer  in  the  manor  of  Archdale, 

487. 


6l2 


INDEX. 


487. 


Moore,  Sir  Gerald,  or  Gerrott,  grant  to,  310 ;  notice  of, 
lA:  Care w's  account  of  in  161 1,  569;  his  career  as  a 
servitor,  570. 

,  Hugh, a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort-Cunningham, 

507. 
J ,  Richard,  a  feoffee,  560. 

-,  Thomas,  a  fee-farmer  in  the  manor  of  Archdale, 

,  William,  a  lessee  in  the  manor  of  Fort-Cunning- 
ham, 507. 

Morgan,  David,  a  lessee,  561. 

Morrow,  William,  a  tenant-settler,  545. 

Morse,  Richard,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Ileigate,  485. 

Mostin,  Peter,  grant  to,  331  ;  notice  of,  ib.\  Pynnar,  who 
wrote  this  name  Pierce  Most  ion  ^  reported  that  he  lived 
in  Connaught,  and  had  made  no  progress  as  a  planter, 
485. 

Mount  Calvert,  the  manor  so  called,  275. 

Mount  full,  the  manor  so  called,  $32. 

Mountjoy,  Fort,  Carew's  account  of  in  1611,  547. 

,    the  name  of  a  plantation  precinct,    202 ;  now 

one  of  the  three  baronies  of  Dungannon,  ib.;  grants  in 
the  precinct  of,  285-288. 

Mountnorris,  lands  and  fort  of,  granted  to  Henry  Adder- 
ton,  312  ;  Carew*s  reference  to  in  1611,  569. 

Mount  Sedborough,  the  manor  so  called,  275. 

Mount-Stewart,  the  manor  of,  comprising  the  lands  of 
Coolaghie,  510;  names  of  tenants  on,  ib.\  comprised 
also  the  proportions  of  Ballyneconnolly  and  Ballyranell, 

533»  544- 
Mountwhanny,  Michael  Balfour,  laird  of,  478 ;  Carew*s 

account  of  his  progress  as  a  planter,  ib. 
Moume  Mountains,  view  from,  i  ;  ancient  name  of,  ib, 
Moycrane,  three  hundred  acres  so  called,  held  by  Pierce 

Mostin,  485. 
Moyenner,  the   proportion   and   manor  so   called,  267; 

afterwards  known  as  the  lands  of  Moyenner  and  Balle- 

falin,  541  ;  Pynnar*s  account  of,  541,  542  ;  names  of 
rish  in  occupation  of  the  lands,  541  ;  sold  to  Archibald 

Hamilton,  ib, 
Moyglasse,  the   proportion  and   manor  so  called,  305 ; 

Pynnar 's  account  of,  497. 
Moynarga,   the  proportion   and   manor  so   called,  299 ; 

written  Moynagan  by  Pynnar,  504  ;  names  of  lands  in, 

ib, ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib, 
Moynes  Hall,  manor  of,  comprised  the  proportion  called 

Lisrcagh,  467  ;  buildings  erected  on,  ib.     See  Lysreagh, 
Moynes,  Roger,  inherited  the  Lisreagh  estate  at  the  death 

of  the  Bishop  of  Kilmore,  467  ;  his  lands  granted  to 

his  widow  Abigail  Moyne  and  John  Grecnham  in  trust, 

ih, 
Moyntmellan,  the  name  of  lands  granted  to  Sir  Mulmorie 

McSw}Tic,  526, 
Moyres,    the   manor  so    called,    326 ;    sold    by   Henry 

Vaughan  to  Arthur  Terrie,  524;  Pynnar's  account  of, 

ib, 
Moyry  Pass,  anciently  known  as  the  Gate  of  Ulster,  155; 

fort  built  there  by  Lord  Mountjoy,  155  ;  grant  of,  with 

other  forts  in  Ulster,  to  Captain  Thomas  Dutton,  501 ; 

Carew's  account  of,  in  1611,  565* 
Muckon,  the  name  of  lands  held  by  Sir  John  Elliott,  458; 
Muinterlony,  the  territory  occupied  by  the  O'Looneys, 

25.     See  Monterlony, 
Mullabane,  the  proportion  so  called,  262 ;  erected  into 


the  manor  of  Mullabane,  ib, ;  Pynnar^s  account  of,  563, 
564  ;  comprised  in  the  manor  of  Castlcdillon,  564. 

Mullagh,  the  manor  so  called,  343,  344. 

Mullaghveagh,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  298 ; 
sold  to  Patrick  Nemock,  504  ;  sold  by  the  Utter  to 
Sir  Robert  Gordon,  i^.;  in  the  survey  of  1609  called 
Mullaghreagh,  ib. ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib, 

Mullaglasse,  the  manor  so  called,  311. 

Mullalelish  and  Leggacorry,  the  proportions  so  called, 
260 ;  erected  into  the  manor  of  Mullalelish,  ib,\  Pynnar's 
account  of,  562,  563 ;  sold  to  John  Symonds,  562 ; 
granted  to  Sir  William  Alexander,  ib, 

Mullanetrine,  the  lands  of,  comprised  in  the  manor  of 
Castledillon,  564. 

Munster,  plantations  in,  70 ;  the  last  plantation  there  was 
the  worst  attempt  of  the  English  at  colonisation  in  Ire- 
land, ib, 

Munteeth,  or  Monteith,  William,  a  tenant-settler,  534. 

Murdogh,  Robert,  a  tenant-settler,  545. 

Murray,  George,  Laird  Broughton,  grant  to,  296,  297 ; 
notice  of,  296 ;  sold  to  John  Murray,  504 ;  died  at 
Lififord  in  1613,  ib.\  names  of  his  children,  it,\  bad 
got  the  house  built  by  Sir  Paul  Gore,  514. 

,  John,  of  Cockpool,  erant  of  10,000  acres  to,  500; 

created  Earl  of  Annandale,  ib, ;  names  of  his  sereral 
proportions,  500,  501. 

Murtagh  MacEarcha,  an  Ulster  Hy-Niall  prince,  chotea 
monarch  of  Ireland,   12;  his  character,  iA, 

Murtagh  MacLoughlan,  the  last  Ulster  Hy-Niall  prince, 
chosen  as  monarch  of  Ireland,  16 ;  progenitor  of 
Dervorgilla,  wife  of  0*Rourke,  1 7. 

Murtagh  O'Brien,  grandson  of  Brian  Boiroimhe,  de- 
molished the  ancient  palace  of  Aileach,  16 ;  carried  off 
portions  of  its  ruins  as  trophies  to  Munster,  t^. 

Musgrave,  John,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  John  liamilton, 
in  county  Cavan,  454. 

Nakarney,  Nekamey,  or  Necame,  the  manor  so  called, 
279 ;  included  in  the  manor  of  Lowther,  4J86 ;  Pynnari 
account  of  the  buildings  thereon,  and  of  the  number  of 
British  families  settled  on  its  lands,  486,  487. 

Natives,  articles  concerning  such  as  were  to  be  under- 
takers, 86,  87;  planters'  difficulties  in  knowing  how 
to  dispose  of  them,  126,  127;  Chichester's  recommen- 
dations concerning,  127;  several  of  high  rank  iriiere  to 
be  placed,  131 ;  their  unfeigned  anxiety  for  an  oppor- 
tunity of  revolt  because  of  their  approaching  expulsion 
from  their  homes,  152;  eventual  location  of  certain 
families  of  rank  in  Donegal,  228,  229;  names  of  those 
who  received  remittals  and  abatements  of  rents  on  the 
Earl  of  Tyrone's  lands,  249-251 ;  names  of  those  who 
received  temporary  relief  from  the  'effects' or  'goods' of 
the  fugitives,  254,  255;  names  of  such  as  received 
grants  in  Orior,  312-314;  in  the  barony  of  Dunganaoa, 
316-322 ;  in  the  precincts  of  Doe  and  Fawnet,  327-3JO; 
in  the  precinct  of  Glanawley,  331-334;  in  Coole  and 
Tircannada,  334-338;  in  Tullaghah,  or  Tullyhaw,  3J9b 
340;  in  Clonmahon,  342;  in  CasUerahen,  344,  34c; 
in  Tullaghgarvie,  347,  348 ;  melancholy  state  oC  340- 
350;  removed  more  numerously  than  their  oppresson 
eventually  desired,  424;  able  to  export  gram  when 
permitted,  429,  430;  devoted  to  agncultoral  punoitSk 
430;  overrun  the  Londoners'  landi^  440;  peimittedto 
occupy  a  fourth  part  of  each  proportioDa  447t  44& 


INDEX. 


613 


Navan  Fort,  4 ;  account  of  its  name,  ih. 

Neraoch,  Patrick,  a  burgess  of  Edinborough,  rented  the 
whole  proportion  of  MuIIaghveagh  in  1612,  504. 

Newcomen,  Robert,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Latgare,  in 
Fermanagh,  4S2;  married  Edward  Sibthorpe's  widow, 
489;  a  tenant  to  Sir  Christopher  Sibthorpe,  //•. 

,  Sir  Robert,  owned  the  proportions  of  Newtown 

and  Lislapp,  532. 

Newman,  Thomas,  a  fee-farmer  on  the  lands  of  Aghtee- 
dufte,  county  Cavan,  561. 

Newpirton,  or  Newporton,  the  manor  so  called,  334; 
Pynnar's  account  of  the  buildings  thereon,  491,  492. 

New-Stewardstowne,  or  Newtownstewart,  the  manor  so 
called,  533;  comprised  the  two  proportions  of  New- 
town and  Lislapp,  il\ ;  account  of  the  outbreak  at,  in 
1 64 1,  ib. 

Newton,  Robert,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Lysreagh,  or 
Moyne  Hall,  466. 

,  George,  a  lessee,  515. 

Newtowne,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  289,  290; 
Pynnar's  account  of,  532,  533. 

Ncwtownards,  its  markets  attended  by  Scotch  people, 
who  came  and  returned  in  the  same  day,  21 1. 

Nialle  Caille,  an  Ulster  Hy-Niall  prince,  chosen  monarch 
of  Ireland,  14  ;  defeated  the  Norsemen  in  two  great 
battles,  ib. 

Niall  Glundubh,  an  Ulster  Ily-Niall  prince,  chosen  mon- 
arch of  Ireland,  15;  was  slain  in  a  battle  against  the 
Norsemen,  /'/•.;  from  him  the  whole  race  or  family  of 
OWV/// derive  their  surname,  //'. 

Niallan,  the  founder  of  the  Ui  Niallan  who  occupied  the 
territory  called  since  Oneilan,  8,  35  ;  the  O'Hanlons 
were  the  more  modern  representatives  of  this  clan,  35. 

Norsemen,  tlieir  coming  to  Ireland,  15;  details  of  their 
barbarities,  15,  16. 

Nutkin,  Richard,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Lysreagh  or 
Moyne  Hall.  466. 


Obbyns,  Michael,  purchased  the  proportion  of  Ballene- 
voran  from  William  Powell,  58S  ;  his  difficulties,  ib.\ 
his  widow  and  children,  ib. ;  died  in  September,  1629, 
ib. 

O'Boylc,  Tirlagh,  granted  2,000  acres,  228,  328 ;  his  old 
castle  on  these  a-shore,  514  ;  Carew's  notice  of  in  1611, 
523  ;  surnamcd  Ror^  or  '  red-haired,'  526. 

O'Bristan,  the  old  brehon,  his  encounter  with  Davys  and 
other  commissioners  at  Devcnish,  184;  Davj's's  account 
of  him,  ib. 

O'Byrne,  Felim  and  Bryan,  treacherously  imprisoned 
and  plundered  by  Parsons  and  others,  474. 

O'Cahan,  Sir  Donnell  Ballagh,  how  his  'country*  was 
made  available  for  plantation,  61  ;  his  letter  complain- 
ing of  his  tenants,  234,  235  ;  his  sons,  Rone  and 
Donnell,  235. 

.  Shane  Carragh,  executed  at  Dungannon,  66. 

O'Cahans,  their  relationship  to  the  O'Neills,  18 ;  they 
displace  the  Cianachta  from  the  territory  now  known 
as  the  barony  of  Keenaght,  ib.\  O'Dugan's  notice  of 
them,  19;  the  extent  of  their  territory,  ib.\  their 
count r)',  354-356  ;  their  territory  shunned  by  under- 
dertakers,  359. 

O'Carragan,  the  projjortion  and  manor  so  called,  287  ; 
Pynnar's  notice  of,  547  ;  sold  by  Hepburne  to  Henry 
Stewart,  ib.  \  names  of  tenants  on,  ib. 


O'Connolan,  John,  parson  of  Moynalty,  conspires  with 
Wallis  to  murder  Patrick  McCollo  Macmahon,  49; 
had  a  grant  of  the  barony  of  Trough,  50. 

O'Doherty,  Sir  Cahir,  how  his  estates  were  transferred 
to  Chichester,  61,  62  ;  Davys's  curious  reference  to  the 
time  of  his  death,  65. 

O'Donnell,  Hugh  Roe,  his  grievances,  43-46;  his  im- 
prisonment and  its  results,  45  ;  his  letter  and  petition 
to  the  Queen,  55. 

,  Sir  Niall   Carve,   how  he  was  set  aside  by  the 

Government,  62,  63  ;  his  letter  complaining  of  his 
tenants,  235-237  ;  his  attempt  to  seize  the  cattle  of 
Tirconnell,  236. 

,  Lady  Nuala,  her  mission,  24. 


O'Donnells,  their  relationship  to  the  O'Neills,  18  ;  their 
tribe  name  of  Clan-Dalaigh,  ib. ;  their  advacement  in 
rank  and  power  after  the  arrival  of  the  English,  ib. 

O'Donnellys,  the,  their  residence  and  lands,  553. 

O'Dugan,  John,  his  topographical  poem,  8. 

O'Falstaf,  Teig,  his  alarming  reports  about  Tyrone's  re- 
turn, 150. 

O'Gallagher,  Dean,  conspired  with  Perrott  against  the 
O'Donnells,  44. 

Ogell,  Clinton,  a  fee-farmer  on  the  proportion  of  Eder- 
nagh,  489  ;  known  as  of  Kewneenan,  county  Cavan, 
gent.,  495  ;  owned  lands  near  Enniskillen,  ib. 

O'Hagan,  Henry,  list  of  articles  belonging  to,  247  ;  notice 
ot,  ib. 

,  Shane,  list  of  articles  belonging  to,  246  ;  notice 

of,  il\ 

O'Hanlon,  Sir  Oghie,  how  he  was  set  aside  by  the  Govern- 
ment, 64. 

,  Oghie  Oge,  his  wife's  melancholy  fate,  65. 

,  Patrick  McPhelomy,  grant  of  lands  to,  159. 

P'Harflons,  anciently  O'h  Anluain,  descended  from  one 
of  the  three  Collas  through  a  chieftain  named  Niallan, 
8  ;  in  later  times  occupied  the  territory  of  Orier,  ib. 

,  country  of  the,  notice  of,  39. 

Oirghialla,  the,  account  of,  7 ;  families  of,  existing  in 
the  17th  century.  8  ;  families  of,  dislodged  from  the 
western  side  of  the  Bann  1 1 ;  descended,  in  common 
with  the  Hy-Niall,  from  Cairbre  Lifeachair,  12  ;  hence 
the  readiness  with  which  they  adopted  the  policy  of 
their  Hy-Niall  kinsmen  and  conquerors,  ih, 

O'Keenan,  Teig,  list  of  articles  belonging  to,  246,  247. 

O'Looneys,  family  of  the,  25. 

Omagh,  barony  of,  as  defined  in  the  survey  of  1 591,  29, 
160 ;  the  O'Neills  in,  opposed  to  the  Earl  of  Tyrone, 
161  ;  baronies  of  east  and  west,  their  acreage,  202 ; 
their  parishes,  il\\  their  towns  and  villages,  io.\  grants 
in,  268-271 ;  its  boundaries,  and  how  occupied,  268. 

,  Fort  of,  Carew*s  account  of  it  in  161 1,  534. 

,    the  friary  of,  94  ;  lands  of  granted  to  Robert 

Leycester,  ib.\  notice  of  the  district  in  1605,  ib, 
0*Mullans,  notice  of  the,  354. 

Oneilan,  East,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  201 ;  its  towns  and 

one  village,  th, ;  its  parishes,  ib. 
,  West,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  201  ;  its  parishes, 

201,  202  ;  its   towns  and  villages,  202 ;  the  favourite 

district  of  the  O'Neill  family,  218;  lists  of  grants  and 

grantees  in,  259-264. 
O'Neill,  Sir  ArUiur  of  Newtown,  his  sons'  lands  to  be 

planted  with  natives,  96  ;  Chichester's  account  of,  ib* 


INDEX. 


615 


Peere,  George,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort-Cunning- 
ham, 507. 

Perkins,  Thomas,  grant  to,  325  ;  notice  of,  tl:;  had  only 
172  acres,  525  ;  was  one  of  Sir  Richard  Hansard's  ex- 
ecutors, id. 

Perrot,  Sir  John,  his  letter  on  Irish  Tanistships,  27  ; 
names  of  Ulster  chiefs  he  induced  to  surrender  their 
*  countries'  and  accept  them  again  from  the  Crown,  ifi.; 
his  account  of  his  own  administration  in  Ireland,  fA; 
his  desire  to  crush  the  O'Donnells,  44,  45. 

Phettiplace,  Sir  Edmond,  obtained,  as  servitor,  a  grant 
of  ijCXX)  acres  in  the  barony  of  Castlerahin,  457  ;  had 
done  nothin:^  as  a  planter  in  1611,  ii'.;  sold  his  lands 
to  Sir  Thomas  Ash,  //•. 

Phillips,  Sir  Thomas,  his  'Project*  for  the  plantation  of 
O'Cahan's  country,  360 ;  his  estimate  of  the  expenses 
of  fortifying  Derrj*  and  Coleraine,  id.;  his  estimate  of 
the  sum  required  to  be  expended  by  the  Londoners,  //». ; 
his  estimate  of  the  Londoners'  profits  from  grain  and 
cattle,  361  ;  from  yarn,  linen,  &c.,  //'. ;  from  timber  of 
all  sorts,  361,  362  ;  from  iron-ore,  362  ;  from  sea  and 
river  fishings,  i/>. ;  from  supplanting  the  Dutch  traders 
on  the  coasts,  363  ;  was  appointed  to  accompany  the 
Londoners'  deputies  to  Ulster,  367  ;  his  account  of 
their  peregrinations  in  O'Cahan's  country,  370,  371  ; 
his  account  of  his  own  efforts  and  losses,  372  ;  his 
'Briefe'  of  what  he  had  surrendered  to  forward  the 
plantation,  372,  373  ;  his  lease  from  the  Earl  of 
Tyrone,  375  ;  purchased  the  abbey  and  lands  of  Cole- 
raine, 392,  393;  applied  for  3,000  or  4,000  acres 
from  O'Xciirs  estates,  393  ;  his  disappointment  in 
reference  to  O'Cahan's  countr)',  id.;  the  several 
properties  he  had  to  surrender  at  the  coming  of  the 
Londoners,  /A ;  his  selection  of  two  places  where  he 
received  grants,  394 ;  names  of  his  lands,  394,  395  ; 
his  Manuscript  referred  to,  444 ;  his  intimate  know- 
ledge of  the  Londoners'  movements,  ib.;  Carew's 
account  of  his  progress  at  Limavady,  572. 

Picts,  descendents  of  /r,  son  of  Milesius,  4;  called  Dal- 
Araidhe,  ;/•. ;  their  territories  in  Ulster,  tb. 

Pierse,  Sir  Henry,  had  a  grant  of  the  two  proportions  of 
Cashell  and  Kinneigh,  or  Keneth,  under  the  name  of 
the  manor  of  Pierscourt,  453. 

Pinner  and  Parsonstowne,  manor  of.     See  Larga. 

Pirates,  numerous  on  the  coasts  of  Ulster,  440 ;  lay 
in  wait  for  barks  carrying  money  to  the  Londoners' 
works  at  Coleraine,  441. 

Plantation  in  Ulster,  field  for,  its  position,  2;  extent  of, 
in  the  fourth  century,  7 ;  names  of  lands  set  apart  for, 
in  the  17th  century,  59,  60;  Chichester's  first  ideas  of, 
68,  69 ;  others  write  to  recommend  its  commencement 
without  delay,  74,  75  ;  documents  respecting,  supposed 
to  be  written  by  Salisbury  and  Dav)'s,  75  ;  counties  of 
Antrim,  Down,  and  Monaghan  exempt  from,  and  why, 
76 ;  distribution  of  the  lands  by  lot,  how  done,  80- 
92  ;  orders  and  conditions  of,  78-89 ;  the  six  counties 
to  be  planted,  78  ;  the  proportions  defined,  79-90  ;  the 
names  of  the  parcels  composing  the  proportions,  ib. ; 
the  undertakers  of  three  sorts,  80,  91,  92  ;  distribution 
by  lot,  how  arranged,  ib. ;  the  rents  to  be  paid  by 
English  and  Scottish  undertakers,  ib.;  the  tenures  at 
first  proposed,  81  ;  the  buildings  to  be  made,  82  ;  the 
arms  to  be  kept  in  store  by  each  undertaker,  82,  83 ; 
the  oath  imposed,  S3  ;   the  number  of  tenants  to  be 


planted,  and  in  what  time,  ib  ;  five  years'  residence 
personally  or  by  substitute,  ih.;  alienation  forbidden 
during  five  years,  84;  power  to  erect  manors,  ib.\ 
certain  rents  only  to  be  imposed  on  tenants,  ib, ;  the 
*  meer  Irish'  not  permitted  to  purchase  from  British 
undertakers,  83  ;  fee-simple,  a  condition  of  tenancy,  ib.\ 
tenancy  at  will  prohibited,  ib. ;  privileges  of  undertakers, 
ib.\  cuttings,  &c.,  forbidden,  84;  a  *civil  plantation,' 
what,  89  ;  relations  between  undertakers  and  tenants 
intended  to  be  originally  just  and  amicable,  ib,; 
the  *  Project'  of,  90-116;  doubts  and  delays  in  the 
work,  1 17-120;  would  require  a  subsidy  or  two  to 
complete  it,  164 ;  every  parish  in  England  should 
plant  one,  two,  or  three  men  in  Ulster,  according  to 
their  circuit  and  ability,  ib.;  the  plantation  lands 
divided  into  28  precincts,  8  for  the  English,  8  for  the 
Scots,  and  12  for  servitors  and  natives,  213  ;  list  of 
precincts  and  proportions,  214,  215  ;  extent  of  the 
lands  thus  distributed,  445  ;  Pynnar's  survey  of,  449- 
590 ;  a  Brief  of  the  general  state  of,  588 ;  results  of, 
590. 
Ploughing  by  the  Tail,  notices  of,  459,  493. 

Ploughman,  William,  a  tenant-settler,  547. 

Plowright,  John,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Castle-Cun- 
ningham, 506. 

Plumstead,  Thomas,  had  made  over  his  proportion  to 
Sir  Hugh  Worrall  in  161 1,  481,  484. 

Poe,  Thomas,  a  freeholder  on  the  proportion  of  Eder- 
nagh,  489. 

Portadown  or  Ballywarrcn,  the  manor  so  called,  558, 
comprised  the  proportion  of  Ballyworran  or  Ballene- 
vorran,  ib. 

Portclare,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  264,  265 ; 
sold  to  Sir  James  Erskine,  539 ;  Pynnar's  account  of, 
il. ;  comprised  in  the  manor  of  Favor  Royali,  ib. 

Portlogh,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  295. 

Portlough,   the  plantation  precinct   of,  202  ;  the  name 

now  obsolete,  ib. ;  native  inhabitants  of,   how  treated, 

228  ;  the  precinct  of,  293  ;  grants  to  undertakers  in, 

293-295  ;  Carew's  account  of  progress  therein  among 

planters  in  161 1,  505. 
Portrush,  once  a  fishing  station,  used  by  the  Bretons, 

362  ;  safe  for  shipping  in  the  summer,  but  unsafe  in 

winter,  376. 
Powell,    William,    grant   to,   261,    262  ;  notice  of,   ib,\ 

Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  555  ;   sold  his  lands  to 

Michael  Obbyns,  558. 
Pojmtz,  Charles,  grant  to,  312;   notice  of,  ib,;  Carew's 

account  of  in  161 1,  569;  further  notice  of,  571. 
Preston,  Henry,  a  lessee,  515. 

,  Thomas,  a  lessee,  515. 

Price,  William,  a  leaseholder  on  Lord  Aubigny's  lands  in 

Clonkee,  453. 
Pringle,  Mr.,  leased  the  whole  lands  of  Moyenner  and 

Bdlygawley,  and  lived  in  a  poor  cabin,  541,  542. 
Proclamation  of  more  liberal  terms  for  undertakers,  2  7, 

238. 
Project  of  Plantation,  the,  90 ;  made  public  about  a  month 

after  the  'Orders  and  Conditions,'/^.;  related  to  the 

six  counties,  ib. ;  its  five  general  heads,  90-92. 
Proselytism,  attempts  at,  414,  415. 

Purveyance,  John,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort-Cun- 
ningham, 507. 


6i6 


INDEX. 


Pynrlar,  Oliver,  a  lessee  on  tlie  lands  of  Dromany,  county 

Cavan,  46.^. 
Pynnar,  Nicholas,  [jrantto,  33S  ;  notice  of,  ib.\  his  survey 

of  the  riantation,  449-590  ;  his  instructions  as  to  the 

points  on  wliich  information  was  required,  449-451;  the 

general  heading  tu  his  I<ej>ort,  451. 
,  manor  so  called,  338. 


Quart KR LAND,  a  dcilnition  of,  loi  ;  the  names  of  the 
several  (^^ancrlin'ls  in  Tirconnell  or  Donegal,  loi, 
102. 

Quin,  Murtagh,  list  of  articles  belonging  to,  245. 

Quincy.  Henry,  a  fee-farmer  on  the  lands  of  Aghateduffc, 
county  Cavan,  461  ;  in  addition  to  his  rent  is  bound  to 
supply  four  hens  and  20  hen  eggs  yearly,  ib. 

Quyvally,  a  corrupt  form  for  Coey  Ballagh^  355. 


RAnBiT-WARKEN,  how  to  construct  it,  373,  374. 
Radonnell,  the  manor  so  called,  325;   I'ynnar's  account 

of,  524. 
Rae,  William,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  William  Baillie, 

county  Cavan,  456. 
Rakins  (Rankin],  Robert,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Edcr- 

nagh,  489. 
Ralestone,  or  Ralston,  John,  grant  to,  309. 
Ramalton,  the  j^ronorlion  so  called,  524,  525 ;  originally 

held  by  Sir  Richard   Hansard,  and  afterwards  by  Sir 

William  Stewart,  ih. ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  //'. 
Ramsay,  John,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Castle-Cunning- 
ham, 506. 
Raphoc,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  202;  its  parishes,  ih.\  its 

towns  and  villages,  /*/•. 
Rarone,  the  proportion  so  called,  269  ;  I*ynnar*s  account 

of,  535;  names  of  Irish  on,  ib. 
Raskins,  what,  242 ;  oatmeal  carried  in,  ib, 
Rathlin,  island  of,  duties  collected  therein,  242. 
Read,  James,  a  lessee,  515. 
Records,  public,  necessity  of  providing  safe  depositories 

for,  178;  Chief  Justice  Winche's  efforts  in  this  matter, 

ib.\  the   careless   keeping  of  (lescril)ed   in   1604,    ib,\ 

history  of  the  Philadelphia  Pai>ers  an  illustration,  ih, 
Rcmyngton,  Sir  'lliomas,  grant  to,  273;   notice  of,  zlt. ; 

Carew's  reference  to  in  161 1,  514;  sold  his  proportion 

to  Sir  Ralph  Hingley,  519. 
Rents,  paid  m  victuals  of  various  kinds,  239,  242 ;  levied 

not  on  lands,  but  on  the  cows  grazed  thereon,  241 ;  tenants 

could  sometimes  evade  payment  of,  ib, ;  the  amount  of, 

collected  in  three  years  from  the  Earl  of  Tyrone's  lands, 

241,  242. 
Revel ineightra  and    Rcvelinowtra,  the   i)roportions  and 

manors  so  called,  286  ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  547,  548  ; 

comprised  in  the  manor  of  Castle-Stewart,  548. 
Rich,  I.ady,  her  license  to  export  Irish  yam,  382. 
Richardson,  Thomas,  married  Anne  Hagshaw,  and  owned 

the  Castlebagshaw  estate,  county  Cavan,  464. 
,  manor  so  called,  550  ;  comprised  the  projwrtion 

of  Craigbally,  /A 
Ridgett,  William,  a  tenant-settler,  520. 
Ridgeway,  Cicorge,  gent.,  grant  to,  266;  notice  of,  ih,\ 

held  (lortgiman  in  1618,  484;  Carew's  account  of  him 

in  161 1,  539. 


Ridgeway,  John,  grant  to,  343 ;  notice  of,  ib. ;  his  efibrts  in 
planting,  457 ;  sold  his  proportion  to  Captain  Hn^ 
Culme,  ib. 

,  Sir  Thomas,  sent  with  plantation  dociimcnts  to 

London,  192;  his  letter  accompanying  the  barony 
maps,  195,  196;  extract  enclosed  relating  to  Armagh, 
196,  197;  his  'Instruction'  whilst  in  London  frooi 
Chichester,  220;  his  return  to  Dublin,  221;  grant  to^ 
264,  265;  notice  of,  264;  grant  to,  315;  mortgaged 
the  castle  and  demesne  of  Agher  to  Lord  Balfonr,  475 ; 
sold  the  same  to  Bishop  Sjiottiswood,  ib. ;  booght  his 
title  of  Earl  of  Londonderry,  476;  Carew's  account  of 
in  161 1,  53S-551 ;  sold  his  lands  to  Sir  James  Enldoe. 
539;  his  lands  knowTi  as  Laige,  552-553. 

-,   the  manor  so  called,    266 ;  aftenrjuds  knoim 


as  the  manor  of  Blcssingboume,  542. 
Roads  in  0*Cahan's  country,  416. 
Robbin,  James,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Castle  Cunnxi^- 

ham,  506. 
Roc,  river,  fishing  station  at  the  mouth  oC  loi. 
Roe,  Sir  Francis,  his  family,  248  ;  grant  to,  316  ;  Cazew's 

account  of  in  161 1,  551  ;  names  of  his  trustees,  553. 
,  the  manor  so  called,  316 ;  P)'nnar*s  accoontof, 

553- 
Roger,  John,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort- Cunningham, 

507. 

Roindoberg  and  Carrocomony,  names  of  two  proportioRS 
granted  to  DonncU  McSwync  Fanad,  526,  527;  Pyn- 
nar's account  of,  //■. 

Rollestone,  Richard,  grant  to,  259 ;  notice  of^  259,  260 ; 
Carew's  account  of,  in  161 1,  556  ;  his  complaint  aboat 
being  deprived  of  half  a  townland,  560;  names  of  per- 
sons to  whom  he  granted  lands,  ib. ;  his  dispute  with 
Henry  Acheson,  560,  561 ;  resided  at  Ma^erleooo^ 
561  ;  account  of  his  sons,  ib. 

Rone,  or  Rowan,  Edward,  held  the  proportion  of  Groccis- 
Hall  alias  Muffe  in  1618,  577. 

Roper,  Richard,  a  lessee,  515. 

Ros,  a  King  of  Ulster,  i;  his  cow-hexd,  ib. 

Rosgwirc,  the  manor  so  called,  276  ;  owned  by  Thomas 
Flowerdew,  aftcni'ards  by  Edward  Flowenlew,  and 
subsequently  by  Sir  Gerard  Lowther,  4SS »  Pynnar'i 
notice  of,  ib. 

Rosslce,  a  village  in  the  barony  of  Clonkelly,  4S2. 

Rosses,  the,  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  296 ;  soU 
by  Laird  bombie  to  John  Murray,  501  ;  granted  to 
Capt.  Dutton,  iL\\  Pynnar's  xuxount  of,  ib.\  leased  to 
Sir  George  Hamilton  in  1626,  fit.;  names  of  Irish 
tenants  on,  ib. 

Rotheram,  Sir  Thomas,  a  joint  proprietor  of  the  propor 
tion  called  Ardmagh,  484. 

Rowley,  John,  an  agent  for  the  Londoneis,  404 ;  nobce 
of  his  family,  404,  405 ;  his  excuse  as  stated  tqr  ^^ 
Francis  Cooke,  412 ;  buys  81  townlands  belonging  to 
the  churcli  from  Bishop  Babington,  420 ;  is  accused  of 
making  havoc  of  the  woods  and  spoilmg  the  chmdi, 
ib.\  dismissed  by  the  Londoners*  deputies,  429; 
appointed  first  nunror  of  Derry,  427,  499. 

,  Sir  John,  of  Ballymacstoker,  525. 

,  Nathaniel,  owned  two  lots  of  land  in  the  bavaoj 

of  Kilmacrenan,  called  Loughncmucke,  400  acresi  and 
Cranrasse,  528  acres,  525. 

Rudhraighe,  a  prince  of  the  Irian  line,  4 ;  in  honoor  of 
him  the  Irians  called  Rudrkimu^  jA, 


INDEX. 


617 


Rudricians,  their  expulsion  by  the  Oirghialla,  8  ;  places 
to  which  they  escaped,  ib, ;  their  settlement  in  the  ter- 
ritories comprised  in  the  present  counties  of  Down  and 
Antrim,  9. 

Russell,  Edward,  Esq.,  grant  to,  272  ;  notice  of,  ib,\  was 
a  joint-owner  of  the  proportion  called  Tullabin,  468 ; 
sold  his  interest  therein  to  Archibald  Moore,  ib^ 
Carew's  account  of,  514;  account  of  his  dispute  with 
the  Bishop  of  Derry,  518;  sold  his  proportion  of 
Acharin,  or  Acharine,  to  Sir  John  Kingsmill  and 
William  Willson,  ib. 

,  Mr.,  held  the  proportion  of  Drapers-Hall  alias 

Money  more  in  16 18,  587. 

Russon,  John,  grant  to,  341. 

Rutlidge,  Edward,  grint  to,  338. 

Rutter  for  Ireland,  extract  from,  176. 

Sacheverell,  Francis,  grant  to,  260;  notice  of,  ib,\ 
Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  555;  sold  his  lands  in 
fragments  to  John  Symonds,  562  ;  died  in  1649,  leav- 
ing one  daughter,  ib. 

St.  Columba,  or  Columbkille,  descended  from  Conall 
Gulban,  12  ;  his  quarrel  with  King  Dermod,  12,  13  ; 
his  three  battles  at  Cul-Dreimhne,  Clonard,  and  Cole- 
raine,  13,  14;  his  retreat  to  Hy,  or  lona,  13;  got 
lands  in  Donegal  to  assist  in  his  warlike  operations, 
174;  his  Meeshach,  ib, 

St.  John,  Sir  Oliver,  recommended  that  the  escheated 
lands  be  let  to  the  Irish,  68,  69  ;  grant  to,  310 ;  notice 
of,  ib. ;  his  complaint  against  the  Londoners,  405,  406; 
his  purchase  of  the  proportion  of  Kerhanan  or  Keman, 
557;  his  buildings  thereon,  ib.;  names  of  his  trustees, 
ib. ;  his  re-grant  in  September,  1630,  558 ;  died  in  Feb., 
1 630- 1 63 1,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  nephew,  John 
St,  John,  ib  ;  Carew's  account  of,  569  ;  neld  Bally- 
more,  570  ;  his  purchases,  ib. 

Salters-Hall,  the  proportion  so  called,  587,  588 ;  Pynnar's 
account,  tb. ;  additional  notices,  ib, 

Sanderson,  Alexander,  held  the  proportion  of  Tullylegan, 
548,  549  ;  his  sales  of  land,  548  ;  his  re-grant,  ib. ;  suc- 
ceeded by  his  son  Archibald,  ib, 

Sanford,  Captain,  owned  500  acres  called  Castledoe,  and 
probably  purchased  from  the  original  grantee.  Sir 
Richard  Bingley,  526 ;  died  in  May,  1637,  leaving 
five  sisters  as  co-heiresses,  ib. 

Saunderson,  the  manor  so  called,  549 ;  comprised  the 
proportion  of  Tullylegan,  ib. 

Sawell,  the  highest  peak  in  the  Sperrin  Mountains,  2. 

Saye  and  Scale,  Ix)rd,  Carew's  reference  to  in  1611,  555; 
was  original  owner  of  the  two  proportions  of  Dromtdly 
and  Derrycravy,  559. 

Sayer,  Hugh,  held  the  proportion  of  Salters-Hall  in 
1618,  587. 

Sayre,  James,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Mount  Stewart, 
510. 

Schools,  Free,  land  set  apart  for,  216. 

Scots,  repeal  of  the  Act  prohibiting  intermarriage  with 
73  ;  Chichester's  dislike  and  fear  of,  73,  74. 

Sedborough,  Barbara,  daughter  of  Peter  Sedborouj?h, 
and  heir  of  John  Sedborough,  her  grandfather,  482  ; 
married  to  John  Mayne,  ib. 

,   John,   grant   to,   275 ;   notice  of,   ib.\  Carew's 

account   of   his  progress   in   1611,   481;    Gatisfeth*s 
account  of,  ib. ;  built  a  bawn  of  earth,  with  20  English- 

C  3 


like  houses,   482  ;  died  in   1629,   ib.;  his  residence 
known  as  Mount-Sedborough,  Fermanagh,  ib, 

Semore.     See  Teemore, 

Servitors,  disappointed  on  hearing  of  Tyrone's  restora- 
tion to  his  estates,  57 ;  comforted  on  hearing  of 
Chichester's  elevation  to  the  Lord  Deputyship,  ib,\ 
list  of  such  as  Chichester  specially  recommended,  76, 
77  ;  articles  concerning  such  as  were  undertakers,  85, 
86  ;  list  of,  ib. ;  Chichester's  account  of  their  discon- 
tent, 85  ;  Davys's  description  of  their  opposition  to 
plantation  arrangements,  ib.\  their  sulky  attitude  in 
the  winter  of  1608,  117  ;  names  of  many  forwarded  to 
the  King  for  final  selection  of  such  as  were  to  be 
undertakers,  207  ;  their  delays  in  planting  and  the 
cause,  569. 

Sexten,  George,  escheator  for  Ulster,  notice  of,  160,  161. 

Shanocke,  the  manor  of,  comprises  the  proportion  of 
Lisreske,  482. 

Sharpe,  William,  a  tenant-settler,  534. 

Shaw,  Thomas  of  Enniskillen,  a  fee-farmer  on  the  lands 
of  Dromskeagh,  494,  495. 

Sheane,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  290 ; 
portions  of  its  lands  claimed  as  having  belonged  to  the 
abbey  of  Omey,  529  ;  sold  by  Sir  Thomas  Boyd  to 
the  Earl  of  Abercom,  ib. ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib, 

Sheppard,  John,  a  tenant-settler,  520. 

Shragnurlar,  or  Shragmirlar,  the  proportion  and  manor 
so  called,  271 ;  Pynnar's  account  of  the  buildings 
thereon,  and  number  of  British  settlers,  514,  515  ;  the 
vicar's  gort  in,  tb, 

Sibthorpe,  Sir  Christopher,  succeeded  his  brother 
Edward,  489  ;  names  of  his  tenants,  ib. 

,  Edward,  purchased  lands  from  John  Sedborough 

in  1613  ;  names  of  the  lands,  ib.\  names  of  his  tenants, 
488,  489 ;  his  widow  re-married  Robert  Newcomen, 

489. 
Sidley,  Sir  Ralph,  hb  attempt  to  locate  the  Grahams  in 

Roscommon,  228. 

Skinners-Hall  alias  Dungevan,  the  proportion  so  called, 
585 ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  ib, ;  additional  notices,  585, 
586. 

Sleevesheese,  eleven  ballybetaghs  of,  held  by  Neal  Con- 
nelagh  O'Neill,  31.     See  SUwnshe, 

SlewsiSie,  or  Slewsheese,  impassible  in  1609,  166 ;  ex- 
tent of  this  mountain-range,  ib, 

Slievegallon,  in  Derry,  its  position  and  extent,  166. 

Slieve  Gullen,  near  Newry,  I. 

Slieve-Snaght,  where,  I ;  view  from,  ib, 

Sligo,  part  of  the  county  lay  between  the  end  of  Lough 
Erne  and  the  sea,  144;  this  part,  'about  three  miles,' 
petitioned  for  by  forty  Englisn  undertakers,  ib, 

Smelhome,  George,  grant  to,  302,  303;  notice  of,  ^,\ 
had  made  no  progress  as  a  planter  in  161 1,  480;  his 
surname  also  written  Snuthorne,  ib. ;  sold  his  lands  to 
Sir  Stephen  Butler,  ib, 

Smelley,  William,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Mount- 
Stewart,  510. 

Smith,  Anthony,  Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  569;  Pyn- 
nar's description  of  his  buildin£;s,  571. 

Smythe,  Andrew,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort-Cun- 
ningham, 507. 

Snig,  'one,'  allied  dean  of  Armagh,  565. 

Snow,  William,  the  first  owner  of  the  proportion  called 
Tonagh,  467 ;  sold  his  lands  to  William  Lusher,  ib. 


6i8 


INDEX. 


Snow-storm,  its  effects  in  northern  Ulster,  442. 

Soame,  Sir  Stephen,  deliberates  with  other  Londoners  on 

the  questions  connected  with  their  plantation,  377. 
Socage,  tenure  of  free  and  common,  81  ;  several  degrees 

or  kinds  of,  238  ;  the  escheated  lands  in  Ulster  granted 

to  undertakers,  only  by  this  tenure,  259. 
Spaniard,  list  of  *Goods*  owned  by  one,  in  Tyrone's  service, 

247. 
Spaniards,  shipwrecked,  and  taken  by  the  Hovendens  to 

Dungannon,   32 ;   cruel   treatment  of  by   Fitzwilliam 

and  others,  33 ;  fate  of  at  Galway  and  Inishowen,  i6. 
Spcrrin  Mountains,  position  of,  2 ;  view  from,  id, 
Spicer,    chaplain  to  Chichester,  lines    from  his    Elegy 

on  the  death  of  the  jatter,  552. 
Spottiswood,  James,   Bishop  of  Clogher,  his   troubles, 

476,  477;  bought  the  castle  and  demesne  of  Agher,  475; 

his  personal  encounter  with  Lord  Balfour,  477;  his  son 

and   daughter,   476 ;  fined  in   heavy  damages  for  the 

death  of  Sir  John  Wemyss,  536  ;  his  detractors,  540. 
Stafford,  Edmund,  a  freeholder  on  Lord  Aubigny's  lands 

in  Clonkee,  452. 
Stamers,  William,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Latgare  in 

Fermanagh,    482  ;  held  lands  from    Sir   Christopher 

Sibthorpe,  489. 
Stanhawe,   Henry,  succeeded  his  father  about  the  year 

1625,  562;  resided  at  Clontylewe,  county  Armagh,  id,; 

got  a  re-grant  in  1 629,  id.;  died  in  1635. 
,  John,  son  of  Henry,  succeeded  to  the  estate  in 

1635,  562. 

-,   William,  grant  to,  263 ;  notice  of,  id. ;  date  of 


his  death  not  recorded,  562 ;  names  of  his  British  and 

Irish  tenants,  561,  562. 
Stanhope,   Sir  John,  jointly  with  Sir  William  Undale, 

held  the  proportions  of  Clonaghmore  and  Gravelagh, 

538  ;  grant  to  in  1 630,  id. 
Steele,  George,  a  leaseholder  on  Lord  Aubigny*s  lands  in 

Clonkee,  453. 
Steivinson,  John,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  William  Baillie, 

county  Cavan,  456. 
Stewart,  Alexander,  bought  the  proportion  of  Balljmeagh 

from  Alexander  McAwley,  519. 
,  Andrew,  Lord  Ochiltree,  grant  to,  286  j  notice 

of,  id.;  Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  546  ;  his  new  title 

of  Baron  Castlestewart,  547  ;  died  in  March,  1 639,  ib, 
-,   Andrew,  son  of  Lord  Ochiltree,  held  the  pro- 


portion of  Ballenekewan,  550. 

-,  Barbara,  widow  of  John  of  Ballyneagh,  who  died 


in  1646,  511  ;  was  living  in  1662,  id. 

Henry,  bought  the  proportion   of  O'Carragan 


from  Sir  Robert  Hepburn,  547  ;  obtained  a  re-grant  in 
1629,  id. 

,  James,  a  leaseholder  on  Lord  Aubigny's  lands  in 


Clonkee,  452. 

-,  John,  son  of  Alexander  of  Balleneagh,   died  in 


March,  1642. 

,  John,  son  of  John  of  Balleneagh,  died  in  1646. 

,  Sir  John,  grant  to,  295;  notice  of,  id.;  imprisoned 


for  treason,  513. 

,  Robert  of  Hilton,  grant  to,  287  ;  notice  of,  id.; 

Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  546. 

-,  Robert  of  Robtoun  or  Rotton,   grant  to,  288  ; 


notice  of,  id.;  Carew's  account  of  in  1611,  547. 

-,   Walter,    Laird  of  Minto,   grant  to,  293,  294; 


Stewart,  William,  Laird  of  Dunduffe,  grant  to,    294; 

notice  of,  id, 
,  William  of  Garlies,  grant  to,  297 ;  notice  of,  i6. ; 

Carew's  account  of,  500 ;  his  family,  502,  503;  sold 

his  lands,  id. 

-,  Sir  William,  grant  to,  in  Kilmacrenan,  322,  323; 


notice  of,  i^,;  Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  522  ;  his 
several  lands,  533  ;  names  of  his  British  tenants,  545 ; 
his  harsh  policy  towards  the  natives  punished  in  1641, 

544. 

Stokes,  Hugh,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Latgare,  Fer- 
managh, i^2. 

Stone,  Robert,  a  lessee,  561. 

Stowy,  or  Stoy,  the  manor  so  called,  269,  543. 

Strabane,  barony,  the  O'Neills  in,  opposed  to  the  Earf 
of  Tjrrone,  161 ;  precinct  of,  288 ;  grants  to  nnder- 
takers  in,  288-292. 

,  town  of,  meaning  of  the  name,  160;  names  of 

dwellers  in,  529. 

,  the  proportion  so  called,  289. 


,  Viscount,  joined  the  Irish  party  in  1650^  528, 

529  ;  his  death,  529. 
Strafford,  EsltI  o^  his  account  of  the  plantation  mcunre- 

ment  of  land,  194. 
Stuart,  Lady  Arabella,  grants  to,  for  the  exportatioa  of 

raw  hides,  423,  424. 
,  Esme,  Lord  Aubigny,  grants  to,  308,  309  ;  notioe 

of,  308  ;  Carew's  report  of  in  161 1,  451  ;  list  of  persons 

to  whom  he  gave  d^s  of  feoffment  in  the  proportions 

of  Kinneigh  and  Cashell,  452. 
Stubbins,  Ludovic,  a  lessee,  515. 
Supremacy,  Oath  o^  when  introduced  and  how  employed, 

83. 

Survey  of  Ulster,  an  imperfect  one  made  in  1608, 67;  dis- 
covered to  be  unreliable,  118;  King's  letter  requiriDg 
a  new  commission  and  survey,  119;  objects  of  the  new 
survey  of  1609, 120 ;  causes  of  its  defects  also,  I22»  12^ 

Sutherland,  William,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fott- 
Cunningham,  507. 

Sutton,  Edmond  of  Kallam,  county  of  Northampton,  pur- 
chased the  proportion  of  Necame  in  161 1  from  Edward 
Warde,  480 ;  disposed  of  it  soon  afterwards,  id. 

Swinfinn,  Ral^h,  a  lessee,  56a 

Swordmen  of  Tyrone,  to  be  removed  from  Ulster  into 
Munster  if  possessed  of  cattle,  97  ;  if  without  means,  to 
be  enlisted  in  the  King's  service,  id.;  1,000  sent  into 
Sweden,  205  ;  25,000  in  Ulster,  td. ;  those  shipped  for 
Sweden  driven  bock  by  storms,  and  generally  landed 
in  England,  id, 

Sydney,  Sir  Henry,  his  account  of  Hu^O*NeiU*shelpk»* 
ness  in  youth,  28 ;  his  speech  to  Turloogh  Lnineach, 
27,  28 ;  his  arrangement  between  the  latter  and  Hiwh 
.  O'Neill,  28. 

Sjrmonds,  John,  bou£;fat  the  proportions  of  Mnllalelish  and 
Leggacorry  from  the  Sacheverills,  562;  sold  these  lands 
probably  to  Sir  William  Alexander,  ii* 

Symington,  John,  purchased  the  proportion  of  GocteriQ 
from  David  Kennedy,  551 ;  got  a  re-grant  in  1630^  A 

,^  the  manor  so  called,  551 ;  oomprised  the  propor- 
tion of  Gortevill,  id. 


notice  of,  id.;  Carew'saccount  of  in  161 1,  505. 


Taaffe,  Sir  William,  grant  of  monastery  lands  in  Cavaa 
to,  1 13 ;  names  of  the  lands  thus  gianted*  t^.;  gnat  to 
as  a  servitor,  343;  notice  o(  «i^.;  wa  piopoctiQii 


INDEX. 


619 


pied  by  Irish  tenants  in  161S-20,  457 ;  had  done 
nothiiii^  as  a  planter,  ib. 

Tailor,  John,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Dromany,  county 
Cavan,  463. 

,   Robert,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  John  Hamilton, 

in  county  Cavan,  454. 

Talliott,  John,  j^oi  a  lease  of  Farney,  and  expelled  Ever 
McMahon  tlicrefrom,  50. 

,  Walter,  grant  to,  338  ;  notice  of,  ib. ;  his  improve- 

nitnts.  jointly  with  Capt.  Hugh  Culme,  on  the  proportion 
of  Tuliavin,  45S,  459  ;  holds  the  proportion  of  Balle- 
conncll  jointly  with  Capt.  Hugh  Culme,  473  ;  died 
in  June,  1625,  ami  was  succeeded  by  his  son  James 
Taibott,  then  ten  years  of  age,  ib. 

Tallanagh,  the  proportion  so  called,  278 ;  Pynnar's 
account  of.  by  the  name  of  Tuliana^  487,  488  ;  names 
of  freeholders  and  lessees  thereon,  ib. 

Tanderagee,  or  Tonregic.     See  Ballymore. 

Tanislry,  specially  disliked  by  the  English,  and  why, 
27  ;  Terrot's  letter  in  reference  to,  ib. 

Tate,  James,  a  les^ee,  515. 

Tathe,  or  Tate,  dctinition  of  this  land  measure,  107  ;  its 
extent  variable,  ib. 

Tatton,  Tliomas,  a  feoffee,  560. 

Taylor,  IJrockhall,  grant  to,  of  Aghateduffe  alias  Bally- 
hayes,  461. 

,  John,  ordered  to  build  his  residence  at  Ballyhayes, 

125;  he  is  the  first  undertaker  to  receive  lands,  228; 
grant  to,  2S3  ;  notice  of,  ib. ;  Carew's  account  of  his 
buildings  and  })lantings,  460,  461  ;  notice  of  his  family, 
ib. ;  his  grants  to  freeholders,  ib. 

Tawnaforis,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  calle<l,  273  ; 
sold  by  Sir  Robert  Remington  to  Sir  Ralph  Bingley, 
519  ;  Pynnar  incorrectly  writes  the  name  of  this  pro- 
portion Tonafocii's,  ib.;  his  account  of  the  buildings 
thereon,  and  the  number  of  British  tenants,  519,  520  ; 
names  of  Irish  tenants,  519. 

Tawnavalting,  the  manor  so  called,  31 1. 

Teadanc,  the  proportion  so  called,  289,  292.     See  EUiS' 

tOZUUt'. 

Teale,  Kaithfull,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Latgare  in  Fer- 
managh, 482;  a  clergyman,  488;  holds  lands  on  the 
proportion  of  Dowrosse,  ib. 

,  James,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  William  Baillie, 

county  Cavan,  456. 

Teemore,  the  i>roportion  so  called,  259,  260;  called 
Si  more  ly  Tynnar,  560;  meaning  of  both  names,  ib.', 
Pynnar's  account  of,  560,  561. 

Tempodessell,  or  Tempo,  the  manor  so  called,  492,  493; 
Pynnar's  account  of,  H\ 

Temporal  lands,  granted  to  schools,  forts,  and  towns,  217. 

Termon,  meaning  of  the  word,  168. 

Termonaniungen,  the  only  parish  in  the  diocese  of  Deny 

that  had  no  glebe  lands,  91. 
Termon  lands,  \lefmition  of,  168.     See  Herenagh  lands, 

Termon-Magrath,  grant  of  its  lands  to  James  Magrath, 
1S3,  184;  its  boundaries,  ib. 

Terrie,  Arthur,  owner  of  the  proportion  called  Moyris, 
524 ;  was  a  partner  with  Peter  Benson  in  the  purchase 
of  Sir  Henry  Clare's  lands,  ih.\  was  styled  as  **of  the 
parish  of  St.   Olave's,    South wark,    Surrey,    cooper," 

524- 
Tcrtia  Episcopahs^  or  Bishop's  Third,  94. 


Thomas-Court,  manor  so  called,  267 ;  comprised  the  lands 
of  Ballymakell,  $40,  541.     See  Bally makell. 

Thurston,  John,  first  owner  of  the  proportion  of  Tolly- 
mackein  or  Tullynaken,  490. 

Tirenemuricrtagh,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called, 
292;  sold  by  the  original  patentee,  532;  Pynnar's 
account  of,  ib. ;  names  of  Irish  occupants,  ib. 

Tirhugh,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  203;  portion  of  it  trans- 
ferred to  Lurg,  ib. 

Tirkeerin,  barony  of.     See  Anagh. 

Tirrell,  Richard,  grant  to,  347. 

Titcheborne,  Sir  Henry,  his  grant  of  lands  known  as  the 
manor  of  Mountfull,  532 ;  his  grant  of  the  proportion 
called  LoughmaguifTe,  or  manor  of  Blessingboume,  542, 

.543- 
Titles  to  lands  in  Ulster,  Abstract  of,  how  prepared,  205. 

Tocullcn,  or  Tullacullen,  the  manor  so  called,  341 ;  Pyn- 
nar's account  of,  468. 

Tollimakein,  proportion  so  called,  277,  278. 

Tonagh,  the  proportion  so  called,  467 ;  owned  successively 
by  William  Snow,  William  Eusher,  Peter  Ameas,  and 
John  Greenham,  ib. ;  Pynnar's  account  of  its  buildings, 
and  the  numbers  of  its  freeholders  and  lessees,  ib. 

Tonneregie,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  309; 
Pynnar's  account  of  the  buildings  thereon,  456 ;  of  the 
number  of  freeholders  and  leaseholders,  ib. ;  the  names 
of  the  fee-farmers,  lessees,  and  native  tenants,  ib. ;  the 
oath  of  supremacy  neglected,  ib, 

Toome,  an  Irish  smith  makes  iron  and  steel  at,  370. 

Torkington,  Robert,  a  tenant-settler,  520. 

Trayle,  James,  grant  to,  302;  notice  of,  /A;  Carew's 
account  of  his  efforts  in  planting,  478 ;  sold  his  interest 
to  Sir  Stephen  Butler,  ia. ;  let  the  lands  previously  to 
native  tenants,  ib, 

Tuchet,  Sir  Ferdinando,  knight,  grant  to,  270;  notice  of, 
ib. ;  sold  his  lands  in  Ulster  to  his  cousin.  Sir  Henry 
Mervin,  543. 

,  Sir  Marvin,  knight,  grant  to,  269 ;  notice  of,  ib. ; 

sold  his  lands  in  Ulster  to  his  cousin,  Sir  Henry  Mervin, 

543- 

-,  the  manor  so  called,  270,  543. 


Tullabin,  the  manor  so  called,  346,  347;  this  name  an 

alias  of  Tullaghgarvie,  458 ;  Captains  Culme  and  Talbot 

build  on  this  proportion,  458,  459 ;  Pynnar's  account 

of,  ib. 
Tullacullen,  the  lands  of,  originally  granted  to  Captains 

Lyons  and  Jones,  468;  sold  by   them  to  Sir  Oliver 

Lambert,  ib.  •  Pynnar's  account  of  the  buildings  thereon, 

ib, 
Tuliavin,  the  proportion  so  called,  459 ;  originally  owned 

by   Lieutenants  Atkinson  and  Russell,   468;  sold  by 

them  to  Archibald  Moore,  ib, ;  Pynnar's  account  of  the 

buildings  thereon,  ib. 
Tullelegan,  the  proportion  and  manor  so  called,  288 ;  sold 

to  Captain  Sanderson,  548 ;  Pynnar's  account  of,  548, 

549 ;  comprised  in  the  manor  of  Saunderson,  549. 
TuUoghgarvie,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  204;  its  scenery,  ib,; 

its  parishes,  ib. ;   precinct  of,  345 ;  its  boundaries,  ib, ; 

grants  in,  346-348 ;  its  generally  barren  character,  458. 
Tmloghoge,   the  proportion  so  called,   288 ;    Pynnar's 

account  of,    549,    550;    comprised  in  the  manor  of 

Lindsey,  549. 
Tully  Castle,  notice  of,  498;  besi^ed  and  burned  in 

1641,  499. 


620 


INDEX. 


TuUyhaw,  or  Tullaghah,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  204;  its 
parishes  and  villages,  id.;  its  boundaries,  337;  grants 
in  to  servitors  and  natives,  337-340;  its  generally  barren 
soil,  473. 

Tullyhunco,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  204;  its  parishes, 
towns,  and  villages,  id.;  precinct  of,  306;  grants  to 
undertakers  in,  306-308. 

Tull)'mackein,  or  TuUynaken,  the  proportion  so  called, 
490;  united  with  the  proportion  of  Edemagh,  to  form 
the  manor  of  Castlehassett,  id. ;  names  of  Irish  tenants 
on,  id. 

Tttfvin,  William,  grant  to,  267;  sold  his  manor,  id.; 
Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  539. 

Tybballs,  John  and  Thomas,  lessees  on  the  lands  of 
Latgare  in  Fermanagh,  482. 

Tyrany,  barony  of,  its  acreage,  201;  its  northern  and 
north-western  boundary,  id. ;  its  parishes,  i^. 

Tyrconnell,  county  of,  its  name  superseded  by  that  of 
Donegal,  202  ;  its  six  baronies,  id. ;  how  its  lands  were 
disposed  of  after  the  'flight*  of  the  earls,  256-2^8;  names 
of  its  principal  inhabitants  and  of  their  residences  in 
the  year  1600,  256,  257. 

,  Earl  of,  twice  insulted  by  Chichester,  58;   was 

to  be  arrested  on  goin£[  through  Dublin  to  Maynooth, 
id. ;  escaped  from  Lough  S  willy,-  id. ;  indictment  against, 
59;  his  lands  given  for  plantation,  iS.;  his  death,  149; 
his  several  mortgages  of  lands,  176;  his  grant  of 
fishings  in  Lough  Foyle,  177;  no  mention  of  fishings  in 
Lough  Foyle  specially  in  the  earl's  patent,  id, 

Tyrkennedy,  barony  of,  its  position  and  acreage,  203 ; 
its  parishes,  id. ;  its  villages,  id. 

Tjrrone,  Earl  of,  conditions  on  which  the  O'Neill  estates 
were  granted  to,  29  ;  survey  of  his  lands,  id.;  his 
relations  with  other  members  of  the  clan  or  family 
imbittered  by  his  good  fortune,  30 ;  his  quarrel  with 
Turlough  Luineach,  id. ;  accepted  by  the  English  as  a 
faithful  and  trusted  ally,  id.;  articles  of  agreement 
between  him  and  Turlough  Luineach  in  1593,  31,  32; 
envied  by  English  servitors,  32 ;  offence  given  to  the 
authorities  by  his  protection  of  shipwrecked  soldiers 
and  sailors  belonging  to  the  Spanish  Armada,  id.; 
refused  to  spare  Hugh  Gaveloc,  although  offered  a 
large  ransom,  34 ;  his  summons  to  London,  35 ;  his 
defence  of  his  conduct  in  the  execution  of  Gaveloc,  id,; 
his  bailsmen  or  securities,  id. ;  his  summons  by  Fitz- 
William  to  Dublin,  36 ;  his  stratagem  to  avoid  arrest, 
id. ;  his  determination  to  go  no  more  within  the  Pale, 
id.;  complete  change  in  nis  political  sentiments,  id.; 
grounds  of  his  change,  37  j  his  fears  on  witnessing  the 
late  of  MacMahon,  id.;  causes  of  his  hostile  attitude 
towards  the  Government,  38-40 ;  his  account  of  his 
treatment  by  Fitzwilliam  and  Bagenall,  38,  39;  his 
notice  of  Ilenshawe  and  Moat,  39  ;  his  reference  to 
the  grievances  of  his  foster-brothers,  the  Hovendens, 
40  ;  his  expenses  in  assisting  to  defeat  the  Maguires, 
id.;  complained  of  Sir  Henry  Bagenall's  treachery  in 
Fermanagh,  at  Termon  Magrath,  in  Donegal,  and 
afler  the  battle  of  Beleek,  id. ;  his  expenses  incurred  in 
bringing  Sir  Rosse  MacMahon  to  meet  Sir  John  Perrot 
at  Droghcda,  id. ;  complained  of  the  loss  of  his  daughter's 
dowry  in  Monaghan,  41  ;  lamented  the  deaths  of  certain 
of  his  influential  friends,  id. ;  referred  to  the  fate  of  Hugh 
Roe  MacMahon,  42  ;  denounced  Wallis  and  Fuller,  tX ; 
described  the  treatment  of  Sir  Owen  O'Toole  at  the 


hands  of  Fitzwilliam,  id.;  deprecated  the  commissioo 
given  to  Bagenall,  42,  43 ;  complained  of  losing  his 
wife's  dowry  of  1,00a/.  through  Bagenall's  conduct, 
43;  asserted  that  his  numerous  wrongs  had  made  his 
people  rebellious,  id.;  the  names  of  his  sub-chie& 
ready  to  ^o  to  war,  i^.;  Camden's  notice  of  Tyrone's 
'provocation,'  50 ;  his  letter  to  the  Queen,  53  ;  CapL 
Lee's  exculpation  of,  54 ;  his  petition  to  the  Qneen, 
ib.;  insulted  by  Dav3rs,  58;  was  to  hare  been  seiwd 
in  London,  id.;  escaped  from  Lough  SwiUy,  id.;  no 
charge  of  conspiracy  made  against  him  until  after  his 
escape,  59;  fied  nrom  fear  of  imprisonment  in  the 
Tower,  or  losing  his  life,  id. ;  copy  of  the  indictment 

Xinst,  how  preserved,  id.;  his  estates  given  for 
^  itation,  id.;  rumours  of  his  return,  149- 1 51  ;  namei 
of  his  eight  sons-in-law,  151  ;  his  letter  to  the  Bail  of 
Leicester  respecting  Hugh  Roe  O'Donnell's  imprison- 
ment in  Dublin,  td.;  his  lands  seized  and  let  out  to 
Irish  tenants,  239-256 ;  his  method  of  levyine  rents  in 
proportion  to  the  number  of  cows,  240^  241 ;  his  ^goods' 
seized  and  sold,  244 ;  list  of  articles  found  in  Dun- 
gannon  Castle,  id. ;  names  of  those  who  went  with  him 
in  his  flight,  248. 

,    Countess  of,   Catherine    Magennis,    243;   her 


disputings  with  her  lord,  id.;  her  'goods'  seized  and 
sold  by  the  Government,  243,  244. 

-,  county  of,  a  project  for  the  plantation  of  the 


lands  in,  75  ;  prevailing  land-measure  in,  92  ;  acreage 
of,  td. ;  its  lands,  how  disposed  of  by  the  'Project,'  92, 
93 ;  the  portion  of  the  church  in,  93,  94 ;  termon 
lands  in,  93 ;  amount  of  lands  for  incumbents  in,  94 ; 
parishes  in  the  several  baronies  of,  ib. ;  seyend  positions 
garrisoned  therein  after  the  close  of  the  war,  95,  96 ;  the 
undertakers'  portion  in,  ib. ;  probable  number  of  pn>por> 
tions  in,  95 ;  names  of «  few  who  might  be  undertakers  in, 
f^. ;  names  of  towns  to  be  made  corporate,  and  the  sevenl 
quantities  of  land  to  be  laid  to  tnem  respectively,  95, 
96  ;  the  lands  in,  where  natives  might  be  settled,  96 ; 
the  swordmen  of,  to  be  sent  to  Connaught  and  dse- 
where,  96,  97 ;  extent  of,  159 ;  lands  available  for 
plantation  in,  159,  160;  ownership  of  the  lands  as 
described  by  Dav3rs  in  1608,  161,  162 ;  re-affirmed  in 
1609,  162-165  ;  its  inhabitants,  O'Hagansand  O'Quins, 
decUne  to  accept  the  small  patches  offered  as  freehold 
from  the  Crown,  230;  they  were  successful  fermeis, 
ib. ;  rate  of  wages  in,  410 ;  number  of  fiedioldeii, 
lessees,  and  cottagers  planted  in,  588. 

,   the  ancient  pnncipality  of,    29;    notice  of  its 


eight  sub-divisions,  id. 
Tyrone's  Ditches,  what,  and  where,  155. 

Udney,  Oliver,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  John  Hamilton, 
in  county  Cavan,  454. 

Uisce-Chain,  now  Iskaheen,  in  Inishowen,  12  ;  the  borial 
place  of  Prince  Eoghan,  ib. 

Ulcestrian,  or  Ulsterman,  use  of  tlus  term,  236. 

Ulster,  how  and  when  this  form  of  the  name  was  intro- 
duced, I  ;  loughs  in,  2;  rivers  in,  s^.;  monntainsin,  A; 
bogs  in,  2,  3,  ;  early  history  of,  3  ;  ancient  boundariei 
of,  6  ;  ancient  heroes  of,  9  ;  early  inhabitants  a  peace* 
loving  people,  18;  its  subjugation  by  the  Englidi 
slowly  accomplished,  21 ;  its  great  natural  defenoei 
against  the  Pale,  id.;  leaders  under  the  Earl  ol  Tyrone; 
43  ;  imperfectly  surveyed  in  1608^  67 ;  plantation  bw 


INDEX. 


621 


as  recommended  by  Chichester,  68,  69  ;  planUitions  on 
the  sea  coasts,  70 ;  various  and  contradictory  repre- 
sentations of,  by  the  British  settlers,  133;  woods  in, 
126  ;  the  land  commodities  in,  361  ;  the  sea  and  river 
commodities  of,  362. 

Undale,  Sir  William,  conjointly  with  Sir  John  Stanhope, 
held  the  proportion  of  Clonaghmore  and  Gravelagh, 
538  ;  grant  to  in  1630,  ib. 

Undertakers,  the  several  sorts  or  classes  of,  80,  91,  92  ; 
their  rights  and  responsibilities,  78-89 ;  refuse  to  hold 
their  lands  by  knight's  service,  89 ;  the  benefits  enjoyed 
by,  to  be  shared  with  their  tenants,  ib, ;  generally  needy 
men  but  not  intended  to  grow  rich  at  the  expense  of 
those  who  occupied  their  lands,  ib.\  frightened  by  rumours 
of  O'Neill's  expected  return  to  Ulster,  117  ;  names  of 
the  several  baronies  occupied  by  English  and  Scottish 
undertakers  respectively,  125  ;  general  characteristics 
of,  132 ;  the  relief  that  their  coming  to  Ulster  would 
afford  to  England  and  Scotland,  132;  Bacon's  account 
of  the  matter  ib.'y  warned  against  coming  to  Ulster 
before  the  spring  of  16 10,  239;  proclamation  of  better 
terms  to,  237,  238  ;  Chichester's  account  of  them,  446; 
the  Rev.  Andrew  Stewart's  account  of  them  and  their 
tenant-followers,  447  ;  permitted  to  let  off  the  fourth 
part  of  their  several  proportions  to  natives,  447,  448  ; 
their  dread  of  conspiracy  among  the  natives,  449 ; 
most  unfavourably  reported  of  by  Sir  Josias  Bodley, 
tb. ;  compelled  to  greater  efforts  through  fear  of  confis- 
cation, io. 


Vai.entyne,   William,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort- 

Cuningham,  507. 
Vance,  Sir  John  of  Lancaster,  bought  the  proportion  of 

Dunconally  from  William  Steward,  503. 
Vans,  Patrick,  his  bond  as  an  undertaker,  217,  2i8;  grant 

to,    299 ;    notice  of,    ib.\    sold   his   lands   to    Patrick 

O'Murray,  502. 
Vaughan,  Henry,  grant  to,  326. 
,  John,  grant  to,  323,  324  ;  notice  of,  323  ;  sold 

his   proportion   of  Carangilly   to  John    Wraye,   524  ; 

owned  another  proportion  of  1,000  acres,  525  ;  Pynnar's 

account  of  the  latter  does  not  mention  its  name,  ib. 
Vemam,   John   and   Thomas,    lessees  on  the  manor  of 

Castlehassett,  490. 
Vernon,  Mr.,  held  the  proportion  of  Mercers- Hall  alias 

Mavanaway,  581. 
Vesie,  Toby,  a  lessee  on  the  lands  of  Latgare,  in  Fer- 
managh, 482. 
Vintners- Hall,   the  proportion  so  called,  586;  Pynnar's 

account  of,  ib. ;  additional  notices,  ib, 
Virginia,  town  of,   its  origin,  457  ;  its  position,  ib, ;  had 

a   minister  who   kept  a  school,  and    was  a  very  good 

preacher,  ib. 
Vow  Ferry,  anciently  Fcarsad-Mona^  435. 


Wages,  list  of,  in  Tyrone,  410. 

Wakeman,  John,  his  grant  from  the  Crown  of  fishings  in 
the  Bann,  100 ;  sold  his  right  to  James  Hamilton,  tb.\ 
came  from  Bcckford  in  Gloucestershire,  ib.y  398,  399. 

Waldron,  Sir  Richard,  grant  to,  280;  notices  of,  280, 
461 ;  Carew's  account  of  the  ownership  at  different 
periods  of  his  lands,  461 ;  Pynnar's  account  of  the 
number  of  British  settlers  thereon,  462. 


,   Thomas,  son  of  Sir  Richard,  resided  with  his 

mother  in  the  castle  built  on  his  lands  of  Loughtee, 

county  Cavan,  462. 
Walker,  Joseph,  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Castlehassett, 

490. 
Wallis,  or  Willis,  Humphrey,  his  base  conduct,  42 ;  his 

narrow   escape,   ib.\    account   of   his   proceedings   in 

Fermanagh,  46,  47. 
Walshingham,  Sir  Francis,  Naunton's  account  of,  41. 

Warde,  Edward,  grant  to,  279,  notice  of,  ib.\  Carew's 
account  of  in  161 1,  481;  sold  his  lands  of  Necame  to 
Edmond  Sutton,  466. 

Warrant,  for  staying  Irish  tenants  until  May,  1611,  225. 

,  for  possession  to  undertakers,  225. 

,  for  timber,  231. 

,  for  Commyns,  232. 

,  for  deputation,  238. 

Wateragh,  300  acres  of,  granted  to  Phillip  McTirlagh, 
468  ;  Pynnar*s  account  of  the  buildings  thereon,  ib, 

Waterhouse,  Charles,  a  lessee  on  the  Derryanye  propor- 
tion, 480. 

Watson,  John,  a  lessee  on  the  proportion  of  Derrine- 
fogher,  496  ;  a  lessee  on  the  manor  of  Fort-Cunning- 
ham, 507. 

,  Thomas,  a  lessee,  515. 

Wemyss,  Sir  John,  married  Anne  Balfour,  daughter  of 
Lord  Glenawley,  475  ;  was  slain  in  an  encounter  wiUi 
the  Galbraiths  in  Fermanagh,  512  ;  his  heirs  recovered 
heavy  damages  from  the  Bishop  of  Clogher,  536. 

Weston,  Nich.,  grant  to  of  fishings  in  Lough  Foyle,  117; 
this  conveyance  from  the  Earl  of  Tyrconnell  void,  and 
why,  ib. ;  claimed  certain  stock  at  Dungannon  castle  as 
his  own,  243,  245  ;  had  become  security  for  the  Earl  of 
Tyrone  in  the  sum  of  1,200/.  245  ;  got  an  assignment 
of  the  Bann  fishings  at  the  Leap  as  repayment,  ib, 

Whitechurch,  Marmaduke,  grant  to,  of  monastery  lands 
in  Armagh,  115,  158,  312. 

Wigson,  Thomas,  a  lessee,  560. 

Williams,  Sir  Thomas,  grant  to,  311,  notice  of,  ib,\ 
Carew's  account  of  in  161 1,  569;  had  commenced  to 
build  a  bawn,  571. 

Willoughby,  Sir  Francis,  original  owner  of  Fentonagh,  543; 
Carew's  account  of  him  in  161 1,  539  ;  sold  his  propor- 
tion of  Fentonagh  to  John  Leigh,  543. 

,  Nicholas,  of  the  Fraine,  county  Meath,  pur- 
chased lands  on  the  proportion  of  Cloncame,  403 ; 
had  a  dispute  with  the  Ilatton  family  about  lands  in 
Cloncame,  ib. 

Willson,  Andrew,  brother  of  Sir  John,  succeeded  on  the 
death  of  Anne,  his  niece,  515. 

1  Anne,  daughter  of  Sir  John,  515. 

^  John  a  tenant-settler,  545. 

— -,  Sir  John,  succeeded  his  father  in  1635,  5^5  5 
held  the  proportions  of  Aghagalla  and  Convoigh,  with 
other  lands,  515,  516  ;  nominated  to  a  baronetcy,  516. 
-,  William,  grant  to,  271  ;  notice  of,  ib,\  Carew's 


account  of  his  progress  as  a  planter,  514 ;  his  remark- 
able energy  in  planting,  515  ;  his  death  probably  oc- 
curred in  1635,  ^• 

Wilsons- Fort,  the  manor  so  called,  515,  516;  included 
the  proportions  of  Acharine  and  Manister,  with  other 
estates,  522. 

Wimbes.    See  Wemyss^  Sir  Johiu 


Cottigenna* 


Page      9,  note  12,  for  'CwchuUian'  read  Cuchullain. 

Page     14,  note  16,  for  ^foowed'  read  followed. 

Page    14,  note  16,  for  *Coumba'  read  Columba. 

Page  105,  note  63,  for  *mirrowing'  read  mirroring. 

Pages  296-299,  notes  158,  160,  161,  162,  163,  and  164,  for  'Paterson*  read  McKerlie. 


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