Annotationes zoologicae japonenses / Nihon dōbutsugaku ihō

HARVARD UNIVERSITY.

LIBRARY

OF THE

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY.

48
Exchange

Porter hen 10,190. _ Pnau 12 [909

ANNOTATIONES
ZOOEOGICLEFAPONENSES
AUSPICHS
SOCIETATIS ZOOLOGICA: TOKYONENSIS

SERIATIM EDIT.

Volumen VI.

Cum XI tabulis,

1906-1608.

CONTENTS.

Partiti.
(Published Nov. 10, 1906.)

PAGE

Cyclosalpa retracta, a New Salpoid from the Coast of Japan. By
SATO RD tS ee ne deo TR O revue 1

Neue Rhopaloceren Japans. (Hierzu Taf. I. Von Dr. S. MATSU-
IE, ee 0... SS O REEL ER 7
Die Blattiden Japans. (Hierzu Taf. II. Von T. SHIRAKI. ...... 17
Notizen über japanische Ascidien I. Von ASAJIRO ORA. ...........- 37

Part II.
(Published April 28, 1907.)

A List of a Collection of Lepidoptera from Formosa. By T. MIvAKE. 53
Die Cicadinen Japans. Von Dr. S. MATSUMURA. ..................... 83
Zur Kenntnis der Suesswasser-Bryozoenfauna von Japan. VonDr.
A ER N ERRATI: or. LE EROI 117
An Annotated List of Plankton Microrganisms ofthe Japanese Coast.
(Wine ls>III Vb) By Ka ORAMURE TN 125

Part III.

(Published Dec. 30, 1907.)
On Japanese Species of Corbicula. (With Pl. VII). By Henry A.

PIRbry2 ol... IONE IL I IRE asta di 153
Notiz über Syntomis germana Feld. Von T. Miyake. _............ 161

An Annotated List of the Lepidoptera of Oki. By T. Mivake. ... 163
Eine neue Süsswassermeduse aus China. (Hierzu Taf. VIII). Von
ORE EN Rn Ri 219

li CONTENTS.

Vorläufige Mitteilung über einige neue japanische Primnoid-Koral-

len. Von K.. KINOSMTA, «2.22... Co eee eee 229

Part De
(Published June 20, 1908.)

Notes on a Collection of Fishes made by Prof. Ijima in the
Southern Parts of Sakhalin. (With Pl. IX). By S. Tanaka. 235

On the Swimming Habit of a Japanese Enteropneust, Glandiceps

hacksit Marion. By I. Irepa. RE 255

Note ona New Deep-Sea Echiuroid, Protobonellia Mitsukurti, nov.
g.et.nov.sp. ByT.IxeEnsı. eee 259

Some Experiments on Cell-division in the Egg of Cerebratulus
lactews. By N. VATSU, RS ER ee 267

Über eine neue Gattung von Süsswasserbryozoen (Stephanella n. g.).
(Hierzu Taf. X). Von A. OKA.) ee 277

On the Specific Identity of the Scorpion-Spider of the Loochoos and
Formosa. (With; Pl. Xi). By Tai 7 Re 2287

On Two Anomnlies of Wing-marking in Pterodecta Felderi Brem.
By T. MIVAKE: = er... een eee 293

Qn the Breeding Habit and Development of Nereis japonica n. sp.
By A. IZURA. ia e i 295

Part =

(Pubtished Dec. 17, 1908).

New and Unrecord>d Species of Rhopalocera from For.ı:osa. By A.
Hi. WILEMANI, OR EM RS yet ER 307
A Hanl-List of the Birds of Japan. By M. Ogawa. en 337

ANNOTATIONES

ZOOLOGICA, JAP IN LENSES.

Vol VIESBBArKT.

PUBLISHED
BY
The Tokyo Zoological Society,
TOoEyo.

November, 1906.

"my vm E. RirreR n i
Nar Rhopaloceren Japans. Mi, | a HIT
Von Dr. S A Marsununa
| Die Blattiden Japans. Von Ti Shrgari The 2;
Notizen über jaflunigehe Ascidien Li i

Cyclosalpa retracta, a new Salpoid from the
coast of Japan.

BY

Wm. E. Ritter.

The unique species here described is contained in the zoological
collections of the Tokyo Imperial University. It was taken in the Suruga
Bay by a dredge, that had been down to a depth of 700 hiro (about 550
fathoms). Unfortunately there is but a single specimen known. This,
however, is in a good state of preservation, and so strikingly different is it
in several particulars from any species of the group hitherto described that

there can be no risk in basing an outline description on the one individual.

WAY // // //
ZEN MN

Fig. ı. Cyclosalpa retracta, dorsal view

sl Res VUN
im er
ys

hy. gn.

4
1

Le

we

Lù

Æ

RUN PS
os
CÒ)

Fig. 2. C. retracta, lateral view

e. oesophagus, end endostyle, g. gill, en. ganglion, h. hypophysis, int. intestine, p. br. b.
peripharyngeal band, st. stomach,

2 \WM. E. RITTER,

General Characters —Body cylindrical, slightly smaller at pos’erior
end; uniformity of outline broken only by a median prominence on the
ventral side into which the digestive tract protrudes. Test thin and
transparent. Length of animal 7.5 cm. Both orifices strictly terminal ;
lips of branchial not prominent ; wall of atrial siphon thin, margin of
orifice divided into dorsal and ventral lobes by lateral notches.

Musculature —Body bands 16, rather strong, second to tenth
inclusive not interrupted at any point, first of series interrupted by a wide
interval dorsally ; eleventh to sixteenth inclusive interrupted ventrally.
General course of the bands parallel with one another, but second and
third inclined backward somewhat on dorsal side, so that these with fourth
nearly or quite in contact ; intermuscular bridges connecting the bands on
dorsal median line from about the fifth to the fourteenth ; sixteenth band
inclined forward on dorsal side. One continuous lip band, broader in
dorsal lip, narrower in ventral where it divides into two and makes a
sharp angle laterally. A pair of much smaller marginal bands in upper
lip. A pair of short longitudinal bands in dorsal lip extending from broad
lip-band nearly to dorsal terminations of first body bands; also a
longitudinal band at each angle of the branchial orifice extending back to
the second body band, and bending down into the ventral lip at its anterior
end. About twelve delicate bands in dorsal half of atrial siphon, the first
four or five larger; all but the first running together literally to make a
broader band on ventral side. About an equal number of siphonal
filaments in ventral half of siphon, the first broader and extending up on
to the dorsal surface.

Branchial organs.—* Gill” of the usual salpa type, reaching from
the first body muscle to the thirteenth, Endostyle delicate, nearly straight,
extending back to the interval between the eleventh and twelveth body
bands. Hypophysis mouth forming a right angle, each arm of the angle
being about two mm, long ; dorsal tubercle not projecting greatly into the
pharyngeal cavity. Peripharyngeal band delicate. Ganglion and eye in
front of second body muscle from which they are about as distant as from

the hypophysis mouth.

CYCLOSALPA RETRACTA, A NEW SALPOID FROM THE COAST OF JAPAN, 3

Intestinal Tract.—Esophagus opening large with a prominent margin,
situated under the fourteenth body muscle band; the funnel-shaped
esophagus extending forward and ventralward to enter the stomach, which
is situated under the twelveth and thirteenth muscles. Stomach with a
prominent lobe on left side somewhat compressed, the apex directed
dorsalward. Intestine proper springing from the posterior margin of
stomach near the entrance of the esophagus, running backward with slight
upward curvature at the anus, to beyond the last body muscle Intestine
of nearly uniform diameter throughout. The whole digestive tract
situated on the extreme ventral side of the body, in fact so close as to
cause a bulging of the body wall in this region.

Proliferous Stolon Straight, directed forward, issueing from the
body by a small pore a short distance in front of the stomach.

A. peculiar structure, fig. 2, x. concerning the nature of which I am
quite in the dark, is clinging to the left side of the animal. This is
uniformly cylindrical and flaccid. In the orginal condition it was about three
and one half cm. long, and about two mm. thick. The proximal end is
firmly embedded in the test to the extent of nearly one cm. the tip being
but a short distance from the esophageal border of the stomach. A
delicate strand seems to pass off from near the tip toward the intestine ;
but to have undertaken to make out the nature of this would have required
more dissection of the specimen than seemed wise until more material is
secured. Microscopic examination of this cylinder showed it to consist of
a thin outer membrane constituting a long sac, apparenetly closed at both
ends, this sac being filled with spherical cells of uniform size, seemingly
not connected with the wall of the sac. These cells resemble sperm
mother cells, but in view of the position of the organ, and especially of
its presence in connection with an individual of the asexual generation, it
can hardly be supposed to have any thing to do with the male reproduc-
tive apparatus of the species. For the present we must, I think, regard
the puzzle as a foreign body of some sort.

Pending a more detailed study of the species upon a larger number of

specimens, and especially upon specimens of the aggregate generation,

4 WM. E. RITTER.

final judgement as to affinities can not be pronou. ced. In addition to the
straight intestine, which is the most obvious feature allying it to
Cyclosalpa, I have also depended to some extent for the assignment, on
the information obtained by examining the zooids of the salpa chain
carried by the parent. The young zooids are, however, still too immature
to permit one to decide with certainty what the form of the intestine will
be in the adult Apparently, however, it is destined to become a wide
loop something of the sort found in € affnıs and some other species of
the genus. Whether or not the backward extension of the intestine
instead of a forward extension as in other species of Cyclosalpa is a char-
acter sufficiently important to deserve being treated as of generic rank
must be decided by future study. Special attention may will be called to
the muscle bands. In number they exceed those of any other known
Salpa excepting .S. /#/esii-costata where the solitary generation has
eighteen to twenty bands. But the most interesting thing about the muscles
is the fact that so many of the bands are continuous around the entire
body of the animal. The species detracts considerably from the value of
the distinction between the Doliolidae, and the Salpidae, implied by the
terms cyclomyaria for the former, and hemimyaria for the latter. The
bridging across from band to band on the dorsal side in this species
recalls Sulpa hevagona ; bat the same thing occures to some extent in a
few other species,
While thus calling attention to the resemblance of this Sa/pa to
Doltolum in the continuity of the muscle bands, we may point out the
‘further resemblance between the two from the character of the intestine
in C. retracta. The relative position of the stomach and the direction of
the intestine in D. /%rendergzi are quite similar to the position and direction
of the corresponding organs in the C. retracta. These similarities between
isolated species of the two groups can, however, hardly be supposed to
have great homological significance.
The specific name, re/racta, has reference to the backward course of

the intestine.

I cannot close this note without expressing my appreciation of the

CYCLOSALPA RETRACTA, A NEW SALPOID FROM THE COAST OF JAPAN. 5

kindness, shown me, greater even than the spirit of fraternity among men
of science might be expected to secure one, by the staff of the department
of zoology of the Science College during my brief stay in Japan. I must

thank Mr. S. Fujita in a special way for the figures illustrating this paper.

Tokyo, April 17, 1906.

Neue Rhopaloceren Japans.
VON
Dr. S. Matsumura.

Seit John H. Leech in seinem berühmten Werk ,, Butterflies from
China, Japan and Corea” 1892—1894, die japanischen Tagsfalter
veröffentlicht, hat sich Niemand mit dieser Gruppe systematisch beschäftigt.
Nur hat Herr H. Fruhstorfer einen kleinen Beitrag* über die Fauna der
Okinawa (Liukiu) Insel publiziert. Neulich hat Herr T. Miyake in der
Zeitschrift ,, Zoological Magazine,” Tokio Vol. XVIII, P. 75--89, 1906,
mit zwei Tafeln, einige Rhopaloceren aus Formosa, unter denen /:vthalia
thibetana PouJuUDE und Afkyma sulpita CRAM. mir unbekannt sind,
bekannt gemacht. Unter zahlreichen Materialen, welche von Herrn T.
Nagasawa, der dort als Professor an der Kokugo-gakko (Linguistische
Hochschule) angestellt ist, gesammelt und hierher eingesandt wurden,
befinden sich ziemlich viele Arten, die fir Formosa neu gelten. Einige
davon sind überhaupt neu für die wissenschaftliche Welt, vorläufig aber
veröffentlicht sind nur zwei Arten, welche Herr T. Nagasawa auf dem
Gipfel des berühmten Niitaka gesammelt hat.

Herr T. Takano zu Yokohama, welche sich speziell von den
Rhopaloceren beschäftigt, hat mir auch zahlreichen Materialen einges-
chickt, unter denen ich aber nur drei neue Arten gefunden habe. Herr
K. Kuroiwa, welcher als Direktor an der landwirthschaftlichen Schule zu

Okinawa angestellt ist, hat mir auch zahlreiche dortige Materialen hierher

* Stettin., Ent. Zeit. p. 405—420, 1899.

8 S. MATSUMURA:

geschickt und unter Rhopaloceren fand ich cine neue Art. In meinem

,, Catalogus Insectorum Japonicorum” Vol. 1, Tokio (1905) habe ich 213

Arten der Tagsfalter erwähnt, die folgenden 45 Arten aber darin nicht

angegeben :

I. Papilio paris L.

D n antiphus F.

3 , antiphaltes Cram.
4. , cloanthus Cram,
5. pi protenor Cram.

6. Gonopteryx philea Cram,
7. Appias hippo Cram.

8. Euthalia thibetana Poujude
9. Athyma cama Moor.

To: a sulpita Cram.

11. Symbrenthia hippoclus Cram.

12. Dodona eugenes Bates.
13. Precis iphiata Cram.

14. Neptis vermona Moor.
15: »
16. +

17: Pareba (Acraca) vesta F.

duryodana Moor.

mahendra Moor.

18. Parantica agleonides Feld.
19. Salebra formosanum Rosch.
20. Anosia mineppe Hb.

21. Euploea Kuroiwae n. sp.

midamus L.

LE]

Formosa

”

Okinawa

Formosa

23. Erebia ligea L. var. ajanensis Men. Honto (Shirouma)

24. Mycalesis mamerta Cram.
DB: = blasius F.
La mineus L,
27. Satyrus Nagasawae n. sp.
28. Pararge niitakana n. sp.

29. Ypthima riukiuana n. sp.

Formosa

» (Niitaka)

” »)

Okinawa

NEUE RHOPALOCEREN JAPANS. 9

30. Coenonympha hero L. var. perseis Ld. (Pl. 1. fig. 8

31. Elymnias nigriscens Butl.
32. Melanitis sujudana Moor.
33. Mahathala ameria Hew.
34. LeheraeryxL.

35. Ilerda epicleis Tod.

36. Aphnaeus Takanonis n. sp.

37. Nacaduba macrophthalma Feld.

38. er atrata Horsf.

39. n kerriana Dist.

40. Jamides bochus Cram.

AI. Lycaena orion Pall.

‘42. È Harae n. sp.

43. Cyaniris puspa Horsf.

44. Parnara ogasawarensis n. sp.

45. Tagiades menaka Moor.

Hok. ( a
Formosa
Kiushu, Formosa
Formosa
Okinawa
Formosa
Honto
Formosa
Okinawa, Formosa
Formosa

»
Hok. (Sapporo)
Honto (Öume)
Formosa
Ogasawarajima

Formosa

Unter diesen habe ich zuerst No. 30 als eine neue Art gehalten,

überzeugt mich später jedoch als Coenonympha hero L. var. perseis Ld.

zu sein. Diese Art wurde zuerst zu Otsu in der Provinz Tokachi und

später zu Ziozankei bei Sapporo gefunden.

Beschreibung der neuen Arten.

Euploea (Crastia) Kuroiwae n. sp. (Pl. 1 fig. 1)

Der Form und Zeichnung nach der indomalayischen Art /. chloe

Guer. sehr ähnlich, es unterscheidet sich jedoch wie folgends :

dA Nahe auf der Apicalspitze befindet sich 5 grosse weisse Flecke,

von denen der eine auf der neunten Apicalzelle schr schmal

ist. Am Aussenrande in einer linie mit 9 kleinen weissen

Fleckchen, an der Innenseite mit noch drei solchen. Der

geschlechtliche Merkmal lang und schmal, etwa eine Hälfte

IO S. MATSUMURA :

der ganzen Länge einnehmend. Es hat unterseits auf den
Hinterflügeln in der Scheibe keine weisse Flecken wie bei
£. chloe, und von der olivengrauen Farbe.

Lange: 19 mm. ; Exp. 80 mm.

Fundort: Yayeyama, nur ein Exemplar gesammelt von Herrn T.

Kuroiwa.

Satyrus Nagasawae, n. sp. (Pl. 1, fig. 3)

Von oben gesehen hat es eine grosse Aehnlichkeit mit der unsern
häufigsten Art S. dryas Scor., er ist aber viel kleiner und zwar in der
Detail ganz anders. Durch die folgenden Charaktere unterscheidet sich
wohl.

A Antennen ganz schwarzlichbraun, ohne gelblicher Spitze.
Hinterflügel oben mit 3 Augen, nämlich in den- Apicalzellen
II, III und V, welche nach oben allmählich die Grösse
abnehnend ; am Aussenrande fast ganz und nicht ausgerandet
wie beim dryas. Auf der Unterseite der Vorderflügel mit
zwei Augen, von denen das hinterere sehr klein ist; nahe am
Aussenrande läuft eine dunkle Weilenlinie, die an deren
Aussenseite liegende Region nicht so hell wie beim dryas.
Hinterflügel unten mit 3 dunklern Wellenlinien, von welchen
die eine ziemlich kurz und läuft etwa von der Mitte des
Vorderrandes bis zu die Mitte der Discoidalzelle, die andern
laufen fast parallel, die äusserere fast zickzackartig eingesägt
ist. In der zweiten Apicalzelle befindet sich ein kleines
undeutliches Auge, in der Mitte mit einer blauen Pupille.

Länge: 17:mm Exp. 58 ma

Fundort : Formosa, nur ein Exemplar gesammelt am 31. October,
1905 von Herrn T. Nagasawa, den ich diese intergssante Art

widme, auf dem Berge Niitaka (9141 ft.).

NEUE RHOPALOCEREN JAPANS. II

Pararge niitakana, n. sp. (Pl. 1, fig. 6).

Der Form und der Zeichnung nach der europäischen /. acgeria L.
var. egerides STGR. etwas ähnlich.

d Flügel oben olivenbraun, auf den Vorderflügeln mit 7 weissen
Flecken, der eine in der Discoidalzelle, die zwei an dessen
Aussenseite und die übrigen in einer Bogenlinie nahe am
Aussenrande (in den Apicalzellen IP, II, IV und VI) Auf
den Hinterflügeln nahe am Aussenrande je mit 5 dunklen
Flecken, von denen die unteren drei mit gelblichen Ringen,
der hinterste mit einer weissen Pupille. Unten von der
Grundfarbe, die Zeichnung jedoch noch deutlicher ; die
Hinterflügel mit 6 Augen, alle mit gelblichen Ringen.
Körper dunkel, die Behaarung an den Seiten stark iridizierend,
Palpus labiales weiss, mit langen schwarzen Härchen, das
Apicalglied dunkel.

Länge: 13 mm.; Exp. 43 mm.

Fundort: Formosa, nur ein Exemplar gesammelt von Herrn T.
Nagasawa, auf dem Gipfel des Berges Niitaka (9141 ft.)

Dieser vor mir liegende Exemplar ist ziemlich schlecht conserviert

und zwar die eingehende Beschreibung lässt sich viel wünschen übrig.

Yythima riukiuana, n. sp. (PI. 1, fig. 2)

Der Form und Färbung nach der Y. multilineata Butl. aus Formosa
etwas ahnlich.

2 Bräunlichgrau, gelblich einspielend. Das einzige Auge auf dem

Vorderflügel 5.5 mm. breit, darin mit zwei grossen blauen

Pupillen. Auf dem Hinterflügel mit drei Augen, eine an der

Apicalspitze, die übrigen nahe am Hinterwinkel, von denen

der innerere am grössten ist. Vorderflügel unten läuft keine

S. MATSUMURA :

weissen Querstricheln, nur an der Discoidalregion mit einigen
undeutlichen grauen (Juerstrichen Hinterflügel unten mit
sehr grossen Augen, von denen das innerste mit zwei Pupillen,
an der Innenseite kreuzt eine breite weisse Querbinde. Das
Wurzelfeld mit zahlreichen etwas blau einspielenden weissen
Querstricheln, während die auf dem Costalrande befindlichen
gelblichgrau sind, und lässt sich von der philippinischen Art

Y. sempera FELD. etwas erinnern.

Länge: 14 mm.; Exp. 48 mm.

Fundort: Okinawa, gesammelt von Herrn T. Takano.

Aphnaeus Takanonis, n. sp. (Pl. 1. fig. 7)

Der Zeichnung und der Form nach dem A. formosanus Moor. sehr

ähnlich, die folgenden Merkmale lassen sich jedoch leicht unterscheiden :

7.

Ò

sin

Die Vorderflügel an der Basalhälfte purpur, die Hinterflügel
vorwiegend purpur, nur am Costal-und Innenrande dunkel.
Von oben lässt es sich ein wenig die unten liegenden Querbinde
erkennen, nicht so deutlich aber wie beim formosanus. Die
schwarzen Querbinden und Flecken laufen wie folgends :
Fleck an der Wurzel der Vorderflügel, welcher sich mit einer
aussen liegenden Querbinde vereinigt, bildet einen C-förmigen
Makel; in der Mitte läuft eine fast geradlinige Querbinde,
welche nicht den Vorderrand erreicht, während beim for nosa-
nus den Vorderrand erreicht und schief gelaufen ist, so dass
sie am Hinterrande mit einer aussen liegenden Querbinde fast
anstösst ; in diesem Zwischenraum nahe am Costalrande mit
5 Flecken. Die Querbinden auf den Hinterflügeln vorwiegend

wellig, und nicht so gerade gelaufen wie beim formosanus.

Länge: 12 mm; Exp, 38 mm.

Fundort: Harima, ein Exemplar in meiner Sammlung, durch die

‘insendung von Herrn T. Takano,

NEUE RHOPALOCEREN JAPANS. 3

Lycaena Harae, n. sp. (Pl. 1, fig. 5)

Der Form und der Zeichnung nach der Zarara hamada Druc. etwas
ähnlich.

2 Flügel oben ganz dunkel, mit einem Sammet-Schimmer, etwas
purpur beschattend, Unten ganz schneeweiss, mit dunklen
Flecken ; nahe an der Basis mit zwei Fleckchen, der eine in
der Zelle I und der andere in der Discoidalzelle ; auf dem
Quernerven mit einem Crescentmakel, nahe am Aussenrande
mit 6 grossen (in der Zellen I°, II, III, IV, V und VI) und
zwei kleinen (VII u. VIII) oblongen Flecken. Auf den
Hinter flügeln an der Basis mit zwei kolbenförmigen Flecken,
nahe am Aussenrande dem der Vorderfligel ähnlichen 8
Flecken. Beide Flügel am äusserten Rande dunkel, Franzen
vorwiegend weiss, etwas dunkeln Härchen vermischt. Palpus
/abiales schwarz, unten mit schneeweissen Verschuppung, das
dritte Glied schmal, mit spärlichen weissen Schuppen, die
ausserste Spitze weisslich.

Lange: 9 mm. ; Exp. 27 mm.

Fundort: Oume in der Provinz Musashi, nur ein Exemplar wurde

von Herrn T. Hara gesammelt und mir überreicht.

Zu dieser ähnliche Art habe ich noch nicht gesehen ; von oben
gesehen ähnelt es sich Zarıra hamada, der Aussenrand jedoch etwas
bogenartig, während beim /ırmada fast gerade ist. Es hat auch etwas
Aehnlichkeit der sibirischen Art Z. orbitulus Prun. var. Wosnesenskii

Men., die Flecken jedoch ganz anders.
, J 5

Parnare ogasawarensis, n. sp. (Pl. 1, fig. 4)

Der Form und der Färbung nach P. gu/tatus BREM. sehr ähnlich.
Dundelbraun, auf den Vorderflügeln mit 4 grossen weissen Flecken,

von denen die drei in der Mitte in einer Querlinie, der ein

T4 S. MATSUMURA :

andere an der Aussenseite, nämlich in der Zelle III. Auf den

Hinterflügeln befinden sich 5 weissen Flecken, von denen der

eine an der Spitze der Discoidalzelle, die übrigen fast in einer

Querlinie, der Fleck in der zweiten Zelle deutlich länger und

grösser, während der Fleck in der Zelle I° sehr klein und

undeutlich ist. Die Franzen der Hinterflügel weisslichgrau.

Die Färbung unterseits wie bei gu//alus, die Flecken aber
nicht so deutlich wie oben.

Länge: { 2£ 15-17 mm.; Exp. 30-34 mm.

Fundort ; Ogasawara, zahlreiche Exemplare gesammelt von Herrn
K. Kanai und dem Autor.

Es unterscheidet sich gleich von P. guttatus durch die Grösse und

die weissen Flecken.

So Uno

NEUE RHOPALOCEREN JAPANS.

Erklärung der Tafel I.

Euploea Kuroiwae n. sp.
Ypthima riukiuawa n. sp.
Satyrus Nagasawae n. sp.
Parnara ogasawarensis n. Sp.
Lycaena Harae n. sp.
Pararge niitakana n. sp.
Aphnaeus Takanonis n. sp.

Coenonympha hero L. var. perseis Ld.

. |
2 = | ACH.
- % £ à
i Pi
À Pr at LI
| NT”
NME ET. È 2
albe a Mia
fe NL a
. È Pa
- %
= #
= i
- » LA

Die Blattiden Japans.
VON

T. Shiraki.
(Hierzu Tafel IL)

Die bis jetzt mir bekannt gewordenen Blattiden Japans sind nicht
zahlreich. Es sind nämlich die folgenden 14 Arten, welche unter meiner
Beobachtung kamen und von denen 7 als neu zu bezeichnen sind :

I. Phyllodromia germanica L.

Di , pallidiola n. sp.

3. Lpilampra guttigera n. sp.

4. 5 dimorpha n. sp.

5. Periplaneta americana L.

6. » australasie Fas.

Me % Picea n. Sp.

8. = striata n. Sp.

9. Séylopyga orientalis L.
10. 5 concinna HAGENB.
11. Opisthoplatia orientalis BURM.
12, x maculata n. sp.

13. Cryptogercus spadicus n. Sp.
14. Panesthia angustipennis ILLIG.

Renn, in seinen ‘“ Studies of old world Forficulids or Earwigs and
Blattids or Cochroaches” gab an, dass auch Periplaneta pallipalpis
Serv. in Japan vorkommt. Dieselbe Art habe ich aber nicht wieder
gefunden ; für möglich halte ich dass REHN hatte nur eine heller gefärbte
Abänderung von /. americana vor sich und gab derselben die obige Art

Bezeichnung.

18 T. SHIRAKI.

Die von mir studirten Materialen enthalten Exemplare aus solchen,
hinsichtlich der Blattiden noch gar nicht oder nur wenig bekannten Locali-
titen wie Kagoshima, Ogasawara Inseln, Riukiu Inseln und Formosa.
Aus Riukiu und Formosa habe ich je nur eine einzige Art kennen gelernt,
obschon es erwarten lässt dass in beiden Localitaten noch mehrere Arten
vorkommen.

Aus Formosa sind bisher zwei Arten bekannt gewesen, namentlich
Periplaneta polita Wx. und P. semicineta Wk. ; jedoch kamen die beiden
leider nicht unter meiner eigenen Beobachtung. Daher in dieser Arbeit
musste ich sie dahingestellt sein lassen.

Die untersuchten Materialen gehören grösstentheils der Sammlung
von Herrn Prof. S. Marsumura. Für die Erlaubniss dieselbe to benutzen
und für die freundliche Leitung in meiner Studien, gestatte ich mir hier

dem genannten Herrn meinen herzlichen Dank auszusprechen.

TABELLE ZUR BESTIMMUNG DER GATTUNGEN.

I. Elügellentwickeltis 2. ee e = le ee 2.
Elügelinichtientwickelt ne. o RE ee 6.
2. Flügeldecken in beiden Geschlechtern den Hinterleib überragend ... ... ... 3.

Flügeldecken des Mäunchens kürzer oder länger als der Hinterleib, die des

Weibchens kurz, lappenförmig, weit von einander abstehend oder fehlen... 4.

3. Körperlänge nicht uber isimm. i. e Ra ron
Körperlänge über 15 mm. da Tiboo NC I N 5.

4. Pronotum der beiden Geschlechtern etwa halbkreisfôrmig … ... ... ..… ... Séylopyga.
Pronotum beim g7 etwa rautenförmig, beim 2 halbkreisformig ... ... ... Epilampra.

5. Fühler länger’ alsidierkörperlange ee 27e
Fühler kürzer als die körperlänge.... ... MR CT CAGE IE

6. Flügel und Flügeldecken lappenförmig ... ... .… … … .… .…. … u. Ofisthoplatia.
Flügel und Flügeldecken gang fehlen ... -.. re porro

I. Garr. Phliodromia SERV.

Phyllodromia SERV. 1839. (Partim), Orth., p. 105.
Blatta FiscHER (Partim, Sect. B, b), Orth. eurp., p. 112.
H. pe SAUSSURE : 1872 Mant. et Blatt., p. 95.

DIE BLATTIDEN JAPANS. 19

BRUNNER : Blatt. p. 90. prodr., p. 45.
R. TumPLE : 1901 Geradfl. Mitt. europ., p. 234.

In Japan kommen 2 Arten vor.

UEBERSICHT DER ARTEN.

Bronotuneintarbisuee seen eee». NE E en (ee oe ci DUO HEIN: SP.

Pronotum nicht einfärbig nor oc: ee n ca.

I. P. germanica L.

Blatta germanica LINNE 1766. Syst. Nat. II, p. 688, 9; HeRBsT, Füssly,
Pee pe 1860. Nr. 10, t. 40, fasmoraPaBr., Ent. Syst. II, 10, 22;
Orıv., Encycl. méth., t. IV, p. 320, n. 30; STOLL, Representation, t.
IV, d. f. 18; ILLIGER, Magaz. f. Insekt. IV, p. 234; HummEL, Essais
entom. Nr. 1; ZEITERST., Orth. succ. p. 48, n. 4; CHarp., Hor. ent.
p. 73; HAHN, Icones orth. 1, t. A, f. 2; BRULLE, Hist. nat. des Ins.
t. IX, p. 55; Kollar, Systemat. Verzeichn; Burm., Handb. p. 497,
n.8; BLancH., Hist. nat. des Ins., t. III, p. 5; FiscHER, Orth. eurp.
p. 112, t. VII, f 21; TuRK, Wiener entom. Monatschr. 1858, n. 4;
DE SINETY, Rev. et Mag. de Zool. 1861, p. 170, n. s.; DE SELYS-
LonccHamps, Catalogue des Orth. de Belgique, p. 15; J. REDTEN-
BACHER, 1900, Dermat. u. Orth. öster. u. deutsch. p. 28; J. A. G.
REHN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol. XXVII, N. 1363, p. 543, 1902.

Blatta asiatica PALLAS, Reise etc. III, p. 263, n. 70.

Ectobius germanicus STEPHENS, Illustr. Mand VI, p. 46, n. 1.

Ectobia germanica WESTWOOD, Introd., vol. I, p. 515, f. 51; SCUDDER,
Materials etc. p. 413.

Phyllodromia germanica Serv., Orth. p. 107, u. 36; FiscHer DE W.,
Orth., ross. p. 76, t. 1, f. 4; Kitrary, Bull. Soc. de Moscou. 1849,
P- 443; FIEBER, Synopsis, Lotos III, p. 93; BRUNNER. Blatt. p. go,
prodr. p. 46, f. 9; R. TumPEL 1001, Geradfl. M. europ. p. 234.
Körper gelbbraun, glänzend. Kopf rötlichgelb, oft mit einer dun-

kleren Querbinde. Punktaugen lochförmig. Fühler so lang als die

Körperlänge, gelb. Pronotum mit zwei dunkelbraunen Längsstreifen ;

20 T. SHIRAKI.

beim Männchen etwa dreieckig ; beim Weibchen halbkreisförmig. Vor-
derflügel einfärbig gelb, länger als der Hinterleib. Hinterflügel rauch-
braun. Hinterleib oben braunscheckig, unten einfärbig rothgelb ; beim
Männchen lang, beim Weibchen kurz, runzelig. Afterdecke des Männ-

chens quadratisch, die des Weibchens dreieckig. Cerci lang, braun.

Körperlänge : d II mm, 2 10 mm.
Hinterleibslange: £ 5.5 mm.; 2 4mm.
Hinterleibsbreite: 3.0 mm.; 2 4.6 mm.
Pronotumslänge : 3 mm.
Pronotumsbreite: © 3.5 mm; Oe Aas muni
Cercislange : 2.1 mm.
Fühlerlänge : 15 mm.

Zahlreiche Exemplare aus Tokyo (Juli), Takasago (Juli), Gifu (Juli), Kago-
shima (Juli) und Sapporo (Juli) in der Sammlungen von Herren Dr. S.
MATSUMURA, MITSUHASHI und in meiner Sammlung.

Trivialname : Chabane-gokibur!.

2. P. pallidiola x. sr, (Tab. II, Fig. 1.)

Form wie bei P. germanica L. Kopf herzförmig, rötlich gelb.
Netzaugen schwarz. Punktaugen lochformig, blassgelb. Fühler fein
borstenförmig, länger als die Körperlänge: Glied ı. lang, walzenförmig ;
die überigen fadenformig. Pronotum einfärbig bräunlichgelb, kreisförmig,
mit breiten durchscheinbaren gelben Seitenrändern, der Vorderrand weis-
slichgelb, in der Mitte mit einem kreisförmigen gelbbraunen Makel.
Vorderflügel durchscheinbar, sämmtliche Adern weisslichgelb ; Radial-
ader entsendet nach dem Flügelrand zahlreiche Nebenadern ; auf dem
Hinterrande mit nur einer Langsader; Radialader an der Basis mit
vorderer Ulnarader nicht verschmolzen. Hinterflügel durchscheinbar,
alle Adern dunkler. Hinterleib oben dunkel, unten schmutziggelb ; beim
Männchen lang, beim Weibchen breiter, aber kürzer. Afterdecke beim
Männchen quadratisch, mit sehr kurzen Griffeln, daneben sieht man zwei
ebenfalls langen borstenförmigen Cerci; beim Weibchen Afterdecke

dreieckig, mit sehr langen Cerci. Beine schlank, gelb ; Schenkel zusam-

DIE BLATTIDEN JAPANS. 2

men gedrückt, ein wenig stachelig; Schienen lang, mit zahlreichen
Stacheln ; Tarsen kürzer als die Schienen, Glied 1. sehr lang, das letzte
mit sehr kleinen Krallen, aber mit grossen Haftlappen.

Körperlänge: d m: ;

6 ee, So
Pronotumslänge : d skin; 2 2.8 mm.
Pronotumsbreite : di kam; 24-5 mm.
Vorderfligellange: & 12.5 mm.; CET um.
Hinterleibslange: £ 5. mm.; 2 4.5 mm.
Hinterleibsbreite : di Con: O “Fe a
Cercislange : d 0 Sy 2+, mm:
Fühlerlänge : d 30mm: | 2304. mim:

Zahlreiche Exemplare in der Sammlung von Herrn Dr. S. Marsu-
MTRA aus Kagoshima (Juli), Kiushiu (Juli) und Insel Ogasawara (August),

Trivialname : Usu-Chabane-Gokiburi.

II. Garr. Epilampra Burm.

Durmeister 1839. Handb. II p. 504.
H. DE Saussure 1872. Mant. et Blatt. p. 126.
C. BRUNNER 1865. Blatt. p. 166, f. 19, 20.

In Japan kommen 2 Arten vor:

ÜBERSICHT DER ARTEN.

TOO LA RD IE - es. Stio de LIM een lee CIMINO N. SP.

BEronotmmintchtieinfärhieee MS. Ve ee leer aso) ee SLI ET NN SP.

I. Epilampra guttigera x. sp. (Taf. II, Fig. 7.)

d Körper lang, schmutziggelb. Kopf gross, dick und breit, vom
Pronotum bedeckt. Stirn convex, mit einem schwärzlichbraunen Fleck.
Netzaugen auf dem Scheitel genährt, schwarz ; Punktaugen ein wenig
heller. Fühler ein wenig kürzer als der Hinterleib, schwarz, borsten-
formig ; Glied 1. gross und lang, kastanienbraun. Kiefertaster sehr lang,

braun, das letzte Glied spindelförmig, schwärzlichgrau, so lang als das

T. SHIRAKI.

N
(IS)

vorletzte, Glied 1. kurz, gelb. Pronotum etwas rautenförmig, haarlos,
bräunlich gelb, zerstreut schwärzlich punktiert, auf der Scheibe mit einen
grossen schwarzen, etwa dreifach-rautenförmigen Makel, am Rande ein
wenig aufgeworfen, am Hinterrande in der Mitte mit stumpfem Winkel,
Vorderflügel bräunlichgelb, zerstreut schwärzlich punktiert, länger als der
Hinterleib, lederartig; Radialader entsendet nach dem Vorderrande zahl-
reiche, sich wieder verzweigende Adern, nach Hinterrande entsendet sie
noch mehr; Radialader und vordere Ulnarader liegen dicht einander ;
Ulnaradern mit zahlreichen Asten ; Queradern zahlreich. Hinterflügel so
lang als die Vorderflügel, häutig, das Vorderfeld viel grösser als das
Hinterfeld, mit deutlichen Langs- und Queradern. Hinterleib flach.
Cerci kurz, braun. Beine mässig gross, schmutziggelb ; Schenkel zusam-
men gedrückt, schlank, an der Innenseite mit 7 kleinen Stacheln, am
Hinterrande mit 3 kleinen ; Schienen stark stachelig, lang; Tarsen kürzer
als die Schienen, Glied 1, so lang als die folgenden Gliedern.

Körperlänge : 31 mm.
Pronotumslänge :

Pronotumsbreite :

g
d
gd
Vorderflangelslange: 4g 31 mm.
Hinterleibslange : Ea
Hinterleibsbreite : 2
Cercislänge : d
Fühlerlänge : dI)
Nür ein Exemplar (Z)in der Sammlung von Herrn Dr. S. MaTsu-
mura aus Kiushu Juli).

Trivialname : Madara-Gokiburt,

2. E. dimorpha N. sp. (Taf. II, Fig. 6.)

2 Körper oval, schwarz, glänzend. Kopf dick und breit, vom Pro-
notum bedeckt, rötlichbraun. Stirn convex. Netzaugen auf dem Scheitel
entfernt, schwarz. Punktaugen fehlen. Fühler sehr kurz, borstenförmig,
braun; Gried 1. gross und lang, kastanienbraun ; 2. sehr klein kugelig ;

3. so lang als das ı., walzenformig. Mundtheil rôtlichgelb ; kiefertaster

DIE BLATTIDEN JAPANS.

to
(OS)

blassgelb, das letzte Glied spindelformig, kastanienbraun, so lang als das
vorletzte, Glied 1. kurz, kugelig. Pronotum halbkreisförmig, mit
schmalen rötlichgelben Seitenrändern, am Hinterrande gerade abgestützt.
Vorder- und Hinter-flügel fehlen. Hinterleib fast kreisförmig, flach ; das
I., dass 2. und das 3. Segment glänzend, schwarz ; die übrigen Segmenten
grauschwarz. Cerci sehr kurz ; die Griffel undeutlich. Beine kurz, zu-
sammengedrückt, gelbbraun ; Schenkel an der Innenseiten mit sehr
schmalen Stacheln, am Hinterende mit 2 kleinen ; Shienen stark stachelig,
so lang als der Schenkel; Tarsen sehr schmal, kürzer als die Schienen,
Glied 1. so lang als die folgenden Gliedern, zwischen den Krallen mit
einem deutlichen Haftlappen. £ Körper oval. Kopf dick und breit, vom
Pronotum nicht ganz bedeckt, kastanienbraun. Stirn convex. Netzaugen
auf dem Scheitel genährt, schwärzlichbraun, Punktaugen nur als vertiefte
Flecke angedeutet. Eühler und Mundteil wie beim Weibchen. Prono-
tum etwa rautenförmig, schwarz und glänzend, mit gelbem Vorderrand
und ein wenig aufgeworfenem Seitenrand, am Hinterrande in der Mitte
mit einer stumpfwinkeligen Vorragung, das Schildchen etwas bedeckend.
Vorderflügel schmutziggelb, länger als der Hinterleib, lederartig. Hinter-
flügel so lang als der Vorderflügel. Flügeladern wie beim £. nebulosa
Burm. Hinterleib fast wie beim Weibchen ; Cerci und Griffel ziemlich

kurz, Beine wie beim Weibchen.

Körperlänge : d 16. -15.5mm.; 2 1635-15. mm.
Pronotumslänge : d Sim 9 41 3.9 mm.
Pronotumsbreite : d' zum: : eo Zeal! 7.5 mm.
Vorderflügellänge : d 18.8-18.5 mm.-; 2 fehlend.
Hinterleibslänge : d 7a mm. o 27.--:6.8 mm.
Hinterleibsbreite : d 10. m. ; 2 10. — 8.5 mm.
Cercislänge : d amo 2 0.6 mm
Fühlerlänge : d 7.2mm. ite TS mm:

Zahlreiche Exemplare in der Sammlung von Herrn Dr. S. Marsu
MURA aus Ogasawara Inseln (August).

Trivialname : Ogasawara-gokiburi.

24 T. SHIRAKI.

III, Garr. Periplaneta Burm.

LATREILLE, 1806 (kakerlac.), Gen. Crustac. et Insect.

Aup. SERVILLE, 1839 (kakerlac), Hist. nat. des Ins. Orth.
BRUMEISTER, 1839, Handb. II, p. 502.

IH Eiscuer, Orth Eur p. 174.

BRUNNER, 1865, Blatt. p. 232. 1882, Prod. p. 48.

R. TUMMPEL, 1901, Geradflügel. Mitt. Europ. p. 234.

J. REDTENBACHER, 1900, Dermato. u. Orth. Oest. u. Deut. p. 29.

In Japan 4 Arten vor:

UEBERSICHT DER ARTEN.

I. Pronotumiemfärbie dunkelbraun- "LAINE
PrOnOtUMINICRE CIN ADIEU EEE ern

II. Elügeldecken einfarbig... M NN EE C/O
Flügeldecken nicht einfärbig, mit einer gelben Schulterbinde ... ... ... II.

III. —Korperlange:nichtitiber 2omm.... te CHAINE
Körperlänge über 20.mm.n \.... u. ss. tec, a IAA EURE,

I. Periplaneta americana, L.

atta americana LINNE 1766. Syst. nat. II, 687 n. 4; De Geer. III,
n. 1. t. 44, f. 1,2, 3 ; HERBST, Füssl@archen, 4.0. 185 A NE
Fagricivs, Ent. Syst. II, p. 7, n. 6; SroLL, Representation etc., pl. I,
d, f. 4; DESMAREST, Faune franc. Orth. t. 2, f 1; Cuvier, r. a. 3éd.
1077, A.

La grande Blatte, GEOFFROY, Hist. des Ins. I, p. 381, n. 2.
atta lata HERBST, Füssli Arch. n. 5, f. 6.
3latta orientalis SULZER, Abgekürzte Gesch. T. VIII, f. 2.
Blatta kakerlak OLiv. Ene. meth, p. 315, n. 7.
Blatta PaLISOT, Ins. nec., p. 181, pl. I, f. 1.
Blatta seccifolia SroLL, Représentation etc., pl. III, d, f. 10, 11.
Blatta aurantiaca STOLL, Représentation etc., pl. III, d, f. 14.
Blatta DEECR. DE L’EGYPTE, Orth., pl. II, f 16, 17, 18.
Kakerlak americana BRULLE, Hist. nat. Orth. IX, p. 53, t. 4, f 3;

DIE BLATTIDEN JAPANS. DIS

SERVILLE, Hist. nat. d. Orth. p. 68, n. 2; Brisonr, Ann. Soc. ent. de

France, 1848. Bulletin, p. XX.

Periplaneta brunnea KLuc, Burm, Handb. II, p. 503, n. 2.

Periplaneta americana BURMEISTER, Handb. II, p. 503, n.1; DE BORCK,
Ratving. Ins. p. 20, n. 1, t. 1, f. 6; FIscHER, Orth. p. 116; SCUDDER,
Materials etc., p. 416; J. REDTENBACHER, Dermat. u. Orth. Oest. u.
Deutip 430:

Körper rothbraun. Kopf klein, Scheitel kurz, etwa 4 Mal so breit als
lang, vom Pronotum bedeckend. Netzaugen schwärzlichbraun ; Punkt-
augen gelb. Fühler so lang wie die Körperlänge, fein borstenförmig.
Pronotum rostgelb, etwa kreisrund, der Hinterrand und 2 grosse Makeln
auf der Scheibe kastanienbraun. Vorder- und Hinter-flügel in beiden
Geschlechtern entwickelt, den Hinterleib deutlich überragend. Vorder-
flügel rostbraun, haarlos, pergamentartig; Hinterflügel häutig, braun.
‚Bauch und Beine rost-gelb. Afterdecke dreieckig ausgeschnitten, beim

Weibchen mit spitzigen, beim Männchen mit eiförmigen Lappen.

Körperlänge : d 20. 26 mme 9 23. -28: mm.
Pronotumslänge : d 65-10. mn; 2 7. -I0. mm.
Pronotumsbreite : d - 90.5 EN Qo Os EI mm.
Hinterleibslänge : d 13.5-18. mm.; 12.17. mm.
Flugeldeckenlange: _ .d 27.:-40. mm; © 25. -28. mm.
Fühlerlänge : di 22: ae; 220 122729. mm:
Cercislange : di - 5. Miam; Ow 5.7. mm.

Zahlreiche Exemplare in der Sammlung von Herrn Dr. S. Marsu-
MURA aus Fukuoka und Ogasawara Inseln (August).

Trivialname : Wamon-gokiburr.

2. FP. australasice FABR.

Blatta australasie FABRICIUS 1775. Syst. Ent. p. 271, n. 5; FABRICIUS
En p.70. 7 ; OLıv. Buciméthee T. IV, p. 315, n. 8.

Dlatta domingensis PaLısor, Insectes rec. p. 182, pl 1, f. 4.

Periplaneta zonata HAGENB., de Haan, Bizdragen etc. p. 49.

Periplaneta australasie FABR., BRUMEISTER, Handb. II, p. 503, n. 4;

26 T. SHIRARI.

Guer. Ile de Cuba, Anim. art p. 341; FISCHER, Orth. eur. p. 117;
BRUNNER, 1865, Blatt. p. 233; J. REDTENBACHER, 1901, Dermat. u.
Orth. Ost Ru MDI Mn, 30.
Der Form und der Farbung nach wie beim P. americana L., aber diese
Art durch die geringere Grösse, dunklere Färbung, besonders des Prono-
tums, durch eine scharf abgegrenzte gelbe Binde innerhalb des Pronotums-
randes, durch 2 schwarze, Innen sich auf der Scheibe berührende Flecken,

so wie auch durch eine gelbe Schulterbinde an der Basis der Flügeldecken

verschieden.
Körperlänge : 21.. 25. O2 ara
Pronotumslänge : 5.5- 6. mm. OM 85-29, mm:
Pronotumsbreite : 7. = 8.5 mm: 2295-112 nm»
Hinterleibslänge : II. -14. aa 2.12.16. “mm:
Vorderflugellange:. 24. —25. Imm. 72723. 28. mm.
Fühlerlänge : 38. —40.5 mm 2.33.38 um:
Cereislänge : 4. — 48mm 2 5.5- 6. mm.

Zahlreiche Exemplare in der Sammlung von Herrn Dr. S. Marsu-
MURA aus Insel Ogasawara und Formosa (August).
Trivialname : Ko-Wamon-gokiburt.
3. JP. picea N. sp. (Taf. II, Fig. 3.)

Körper kastanienbraun, lang. Kopf schwarz, klein, Scheitel kurz, 4
Mal so breit als lang, hinter den Augen bräunlich. Stirn convex, in der
Mitte fein gerunzelt, am Innenrande der Antennalgrube mit einem gelbli-
chen Flecke. Fühlerfein borstenförmig, braun, länger als die Körper-
länge. Netzaugen auf dem Scheitel genährt, schwarz. Punktaugen nur
als vertiefte Flecke angedeutet, gelb. Kiefertaster sehr lang, das letzte
Glied spindelförmig, so lang als das vorletzte ; das Kaustück mit 2 un-
gleichen Zähnchen ; Labrum gelb. Pronotum einfärbig, haarlos, etwa
kreisrund, mit herabgebogenen Seiten, ohne aufgeworfenem Rand, am
Hinterrande ziemlich gerade abgestützt. Vorderfliigel kastanienbraun,

pergamentartig ;

g; Radialader entsendet gegen den Vorderrand viele, sich

wieder verzweigende Adern, aber keine gegen den Hinterrand ; radial

DIE BLATTIDEN JAPANS. DT,

und vordere Ulnar-ader liegen dicht einander ; Ulnaradern mit zahl-
reichen Asten. Hinterflügel bei beiden Geschlechtern länger als der
Hinterleib. Hinterflügel braun, das Vorderfeld viel grösser als das
Hinterfeld, häutig, mit deutlichen Längsadern, aber mit undeutlichen
Queradern. Hinterleib beim Männchen lang, das letzte Bauchsegment ein
wenig gewölbt, mit den sehr langen Griffeln, daneben mit eben so langen
schwert-förmigen Cerci versehen ; das letzte Rückensegment erweitert,
fast häutig, kreisrund, in der Mitte ausgeschnitten. Beim Weibchen
Hinterleib breiter, das letzte Bauchsegment stark gekielt, welcher in der
Mitte mit einer Längsfurche verziert; das letzte Rückensegment länger
als breit, etwas häutig, welches am Hinterrande durch einen tiefen
Einschnitt in 2 schmalen zugespitzten Lappen getheilt; Cerci gross und
platt. Beine sehr lang und schlank, kastanienbraun ; die Schenkel zusam-
men-gedrückt, Schenkelring schwärzlichbraun ; Schienen stark stachelig ;
Tarsen kürzer als die Schienen, das letzte Tarsalglied mit schmalen

Krallen und sehr kleinen Haftlappen.

Körperlänge: d 282mm. ; 2727. mm;
Pronotumslänge : d TIME CUS mim:
Pronotumsbreite : do An 2 10.5 mm.
Vorderflügellänge : S$ 20 tram. 2267 mm:
Hinterleibslänge : d& Tamm‘; 2 16. mm.
Hinterleibsbreite : À 2 ren; 213; mm!
Cercislänge : do em. ; ci 52 mm.
Fuhlerlange : d'or ; 2 37. mm.

Zahlreiche Exemplare in der Sammlung von Herrn Dr. S Marsu-
MURA und in meiner Sammlung aus Takasago (September), Hagi (Juli),
Kagoshima (Juli) und Yoshihama (August).

Trivialname : Kuro-gokibur!.

4. JP. striata n. sp. (Taf. II, Fig. 5.)

¢ Körper klein, schwarz. Kopf herzförmig, vom Pronotum bedeckt,
schwarz. Netzaugen auf dem Scheitel genährt, schwarz. Punktaugen

rotlichgelb, deutlich. Mundtheil röthlichgelb ; Kiefertaster sehr lang,

T. SHIRAKI.

N
©Q

braun, das letzte Glied spindelförmig, dunkler, länger als das vorletzte ;
das Kaustück mit 2 ungleichen an einander dicht gelegenen Zähnchen.
Fühler länger als der Hinterleib, braun, fein borstenförmig ; Glied 1. gross
und lang, an der Spitze gelb; 2. Glied runzelig ; 3. Glied länger als das
2; übrigen walzenformig. Pronotum etwa kreisrund, mit herabgebogenen
gelben Seitenrändern, am Hinterrande ziemlich gerade abgestützt. Vor-
derflügel so lang als der Leib, braun, mit gelben Seitenrändern, pergamen-
tartig ; die Geäder gebildet so wie die vorhergehende Art. Beine ver-
haltnissmassig lang aber schmal ; Hüfte schmutziggelb ; Schenkel zusam-
mengedrückt, braun, fein stachelig ; Schienen länger als die Schenkel,
das vorletzte Tarsalglied sehr klein, mit schmalen Krallen. Hinterleib wie

die vorhergehende Art.

Körperlänge : I5. mm
Pronotumslänge : 4-3 mm.
Pronotumsbreite : 6.5 mm.
Vorderflügellänge : 13.1 mm.
Hinterleibslänge : 9.2 mm.
Hinterleibsbreite : 6.3 mm.
Cercislange : 2.4 mm.
Fühlerlänge : 16.1 mm.

Nur ein Exemplare in der Sammlung von Herrn Dr. S. Marsu-
MURA aus Kagoshima (Juli).

Trivialname: A7-Suji-gokiburi

IV. Garr. Stylopyga Fisch.

FISCHER DE W. 1846, Orth. Ross. p. 68.
BRUNNER 1865. Blatt. p. 223. Prodr. p. 48.
J. REDTENBACHER 1900, Dermat. u. Orth. Ost. u. Deut. p. 29

In Japan kommen 2 Arten vor:

UEBERSICHT DER ARTEN.

Vorderflügel beim Männchen länger als der Hinterleib ... ... .… .… .… concinna, HAGB,

Vorderflügel beim Männchen kürzer als der Hinterleib ... ... … 0... orientalıs, L.

DIE BLATTIDEN JAPANS. 29

I. Stylopyga orientalis L.
atta orientalis LINNE 1745. Fauna Suec. n. 862,—Syst. Natural II, p.
ss; Oliv., Enc. méth,, t. IV, p. 318) n. 21; Fabr., Ent. Syst. II, o.

M 17; SroLL, Representation etc. t. 16, 4, d, f. 15, 16, 17; PANZER,

Fauna Ins. Germ. 16, 12; ZEITERST., Orth. Sueciz, p. 43; PALISOT,

Insareer LINE, ©, 1 3; SuLzer, Rempzeichen. etc. I. VII, f 47;

Charp., Horae entom. p. 72; KOLLAR, System. Verzeichniss etc. ;

RAMBUR, Fauna de l’Audal., p. 13, n. 1; DESMAREST, Faune franc.

Orbe: 2, 3,00. Banııppr,. Or Berol.’p..8.

Hatta lucifuga FRISCH, Beschreib. etc. V, p. 11, T. III, f. 2.

Slatta des cuisines GEOFFROY. Ins. de Paris t. I, p. 380, tab. 7, f. 5.
Blatta culinaris DEG! ER, Ins. III, p. 344, t. 25, f. 1-7.

slatta ferrugineo-fusca GRONOV., Zoophylacium, basc. II, p. 174, n. 636.
3latta Descript. de l'Egypte, Orth., pl. II, f. 14 o,f. 15 2.

Kakerlac orientalis SERVILLE, Hist. nat. Orth. p. 72, n. 8.

Periplanata orientalis Burm., Handb. II, 504, n. 5; DE Borck, Skandin.
tdtving. ins. Nat. hist., p. 22, t. 1, 142 Eischer, Orth. eur. p. 114, t.
VII, f. 22-26; CorneLIUS, Beiträge zur näheren Kenntniss von
Peripl. orient. Elberfeld 1853; Türk, Oest. Orth., Wiener ent.
Monatschr. 1858; Brunn. Blatt. p. 226. Prodr. p. 49; J. REDTEN-
BACHER (1900), Dermat. u. Orth. Oest. u. Deut. p. 20.

Stylopyga orientalis FISCHER DE W., Orth. Roso. p. 70, t. 24, f. 1, 2;
FIEBER, Lotos III, p. 93 ; Kirrary, But. soc, Moscou, 1848, p. 442;
SCUDDER, Materials etc. p 416.

Körper kastanienbraun bis pechbraun. Kopf herzförmig. Fühler
länger als die Körperlänge. Netzaugen schwarz; Punktaugen gelb.
Pronotum einfarbig : beim Männchen querovalformig ; beim Weibchen
etwa halbkreisformig. Vorderfligel beim Männchen kürzer als der
Hinterleib und erreichen die Mitte des Hinterleibs ; beim Weibchen
lappenförmig. Hinterflügel nur beim Männchen entwickelt. Beine und
Bauch gelbbraun. Afterdecke des Männchens quadratisch, schwach
ausgebuchtet, die des Weibchens der Länge nach gekielt oder dachförmig,

am Ende dreieckig ausgeschnitten.

30 T. SHIRARI.

Körperlänge : d 19 mm.; 2 25 mm.
Cercislänge : d Mini; 2 À mm.
Hinterleibslänge : d team; 2 13 mm.
Hinterleibsbreite : d TOM; 2 12mm,

Wenige Exemplare in der Sammlung von Dr. S. MarsuMURA und in
meiner Sammlung aus Yokohama.

Trivialname: Aobane-gokibur:.

2. Stylopyga concinna HAGENB.

Periplaneta concinna HAGENB. de Haan, 1812, Bijdragen, etc. p. 50.
Körper glänzend, pechbraun. Kopf herzförmig, vom Pronotum
bedeckt, schwarz. Fühler länger als die Körperlänge, borstenförmig.
Mundtheil schmutzizgelb. Netzaugen schmutzig; Punktaugen gelb.
Pronotum einfärbig ; beim Männchen in der Mitte etwas erhebt, etwa
kreisformig ; beim Weibchen ein wenig erhebt. etwa viereckig. Vorder-
flügel des Weibchens kürzer als der Hinterleib, die des Männchens länger
als der Hinterleib. Hinterflügel bei den beiden Geschlechtern entwickelt.
Beine und Bauch pechbraun. Schenkelring schmutziggelb. Hinterleib
beim Männchen kurz und schmal, beim Weibchen breit und lang.
Afterdecke des Männchens quadratisch, die des Weibchens der Länge
nach gekielt oder dachförmig, am Ende dreieckig ausgeschnitten. Die

Griffeln in den beiden Geschlechtern mässig lang. Cerci breit, lang.

Körperlänge : d' 22. Semin. > 2 18 mm.
Vorderflügellänge : d 25. mm. ; 2 10.1 mm.
Hinterleibslänge : oT Seema 2 Io. mm
Hinterleibsbreite : d “Sum: 2 Io. mm.
Cercislänge : Pal 2 4. mm.

Zahlreiche Exemplare in der Sammlung von Herrn Dr. S. Marsu-
MURA aus Tokio (Juni u. Juli), Gifu (Juli) und Akita.

Trivialname : Gokiburi.

DIE BLATTIDEN JAPANS. 21
V. Garr. Opisthoplatia BRUNN.

BRUNNER 1865. Syst. Blatt. p. 198, f. 22.

In Japan kommen 2 Arten vor:

UEBERSICHT DER ARTEN.

ONDES CAT eee cc n OF 767270175" BURM.

iorperimatt SbraumypuakbentitesN e i... en ee n LINACHIRLQUN. SP,

I. Opisthoplatia orientalis BURM.

Polyzosteria orientalis BURME STER, 1839, Handb. II, p. 482, n. 1.
Nympha aptera SroLı., Représentation pl. V, d, f. 25.
Periplaneta australasie, larva DE Haan, Bijdragen etc p. 40.

Körper flach, ovalförmig, schwarz, glänzend. Kopf dick und breit,
vom Pronotum gänzlich bedeckend. Netzaugen schwärzlichbraun ;
Punktaugen gelblich. Fühler schmal, kürzer als die Körperlänge, gelb-
braun; Glid 1. walzenformig, lang, kastanienbraun. Mundteil gelbbraun ;
Oberlippe gelb ; letztes Kiefertasterglied so lang als des vorletzte ; Kau-
stück am Ende mit 2 Zähnen. Pronotum halbkreisförmig, mit kaum auf-
geworfenem, gelbem Rand, nicht so breit wie die anderen Körpertheile.
Vorder- und Hinter-flügel lappenförmig. Hinterleib blutrôtlich
gesaumt. Afterdecke runzelig, blutroth. Cerci sehr klein, stark. Beine
und Bauch rothbraun ; die erstre klein, die Schenkel stachelig, die Tarsen
kürzer als die Hälfte der Schienen, zwischen den Krallen mit einem deut-

lichen Haftlappen, die Hüfte schmutziggelb.

Körperlänge : di 33.24 mm, 9427.32. mm.
Pronotumslänge : 6 75am, 0008, — 9. mm.
Pronotumsbreite : di 12. -Iessmm.; 2 14. “TS. mm.
Vorderfligelslinge: 4.5 mm.; 22.95. — 0. mm.
Hinterflügelslänge : do 4.3 mL, 25.67 mm.
Cercislänge : do Korn: 2 1... mm.

Drei Exemplare (2 £ u. 2) in der Sammlung von Herrn Dr. S.
MATSUMURA aus Kagoshima (Juli) und Formosa.

Trivialname : Satsıuma-gokiburt.

32 T. SHIRAKI.

2. Opisthoplatia maculata x. sp. (Taf. III, Fig. 4.)

2. Körper matt braun, zerstreut schwärzlich punktiert, kopf oval,
kastanienbraun, vom Pronotum bedeckend, Netzaugen schwarz, mit
zwei braunen Punktaugen. Fühler schmal, kürzer als die Körperlänge,
braun ; Glied 1. walzenförmig, lang; 2. keulenformig ; 3. so lang als das 1.,
kegelformig. Mundtheil rotgelb. Pronotum halbkreisformig, mit kaum
aufgeworfenem, hellgelbem Rand, nicht so breit wie die andern Körpertheile.
Vorder- und Hinterflügel fehlen. Hinterleib sehr flach. Afterdecke run-
zelig, braun. Cerci sehr klein, stark. Beine und Bauch gelblichbraun.
Beine klein ; Schenkel stachelig ; Tarsen kürzer als die Schienen, zwischen

den Krallen mit einem deutlichen Haftlappen ; Hüfte schwärzlichgelb.

Körperlänge : 2 23. min
Pronotumslange : 2 8.5 mas
Pronotumsbreite : 2 13.5 mm.
Hinterleibslange : 2 “16s. mime
Hinterleibsbreite : 2 15.5 mm.
Cercislange : 2 Tg imini

Nur ein Exemplar (2) in der Sammlung von Herrn Dr S. Marsu-
MURA aus Formosa. Die Larve lebt in Wasser.

Trivialname : Zarwan- Mizugokiburti.

VI. Garr. Cryptogereus SCUDD.

SCUDDER 1862, Bost. Journ. VII.
BRUNNER 1865, (Dasyposoma). Blatt. p. 387.
H. pe Saussure 1872, Mel. Orth, IV, Mant. et Blatt. p. 147.

In Japan kommt eine Art vor.

I. Cryptogercus spadicus N. sp. (Taf. II, Fig. 2.)

AI Körper lang, kastanienschwarz. Kopf gross, runzelig. Augen
rudimentär. Stirn eben, schwarz. Oberlippe gelbbraun. Fühler sehr

kurz, borstenformig ; Glied 1. keulenförmig ; 2. kreisförmig ; 3. länger als

DIE BLATTIDEN JAPANS. 23

das 2.; die übrigen fadenförmig. Pronotum etwa halbkreisförmig, haar-
los, am Vordertheile der Scheibe mit einer V-förmigen Zeichnung, am
Seitenrande aufgeworfen, am Hinterrande mässig abgestützt. Mesonotum
grösser als das Metanotum. Hinterleib convex, stark, 8-gliedrig. After-
decke gross, halbmondförmig, Beine und Bauch röthlichbraun. Beine
sehr stark; Schenkelring dunkel braun ; Schenkel kurz, zusammen-
gedrückt, stachellos ; Schiene mässig lang, starkstachelig, Tarsen kürzer

als die Schienen, das letzte Glied gross, platt.

Körperlänge : d 17.5 mm.
Pronotumslange : d- 4.5 mm:
Pronotumsbreite : d 6.5 man
Mesonotumslange: d 2. mm,
Metanotumslänge : di 1.5 mm
Hinterleibslange : d 8.5 mm.
Fühlerlänge : d 5. mm
Cercislänge : di 3. mm
Kopfsbreite : d 3. om
Kopfslange : d 2.3 mm.

Nur ein Exemplar (Z) in der Sammlung von Herrn Dr. S. Marsu-
MURA aus Gifu (Dezember), welche von Herrn Y. Nawa gesammelt wurde.

Trivialname : Auma-gokibur!.

VII. Garr. Panesthia SERV.

SERVEILLE 1831, Orth. p. 131, pl. Il.
BURMEISTER 1839, Handb, II, p. 512.
BRUNNER 1865, Blatt. p. 390.

H. DE SAUSSURE 1872, Mant. et Blatt. p. 150.

In Japan kommt eine Art vor:

I. Panesthia angustipennis ILLIG.

Blatta angustipennis ILLIGER 1801, Magaz. I, p. 185, n. 15.

Blatta angustipennis BURMEISTER 1839, Handb. II, p. 513.

34 T. SHIRAKI.

Blatta nigrita STOLL, Representation etc. pl. II, d, f. 6.
Panesthia angustipennis BRUNNER 1865, Blatt. p. 395.

Körper schwarz, stark. Kopf gross, schwarz, etwas runzelig, welcher
am Vorderrande des ausgeschnittenen Pronotums ansitzend. Netzaugen
dunkelbraun ; Punktaugen heller. Fühler dick, kürzer als die Körper-
länge. Oberlippe gelb. Pronotum klein, querelliptisch, am Vorderrande
etwas erhebt, in der Mitte durch eine tiefe V-förmige Quervertiefung in
zwei Hälften getheilt, die hintere Hälfte mehr gewölbt als die vordere, mit
6 kleinen Erhöhungen. Vorderfliigel ein wenig kürzer als der Hinterleib,
lederartig, glänzend, ohne sichtbaren Adern. Hinterfliigel häutig, mit
sichtbaren Längs- und Quer- adern. Hinterleib zerstreuen schwärzlichen
Flecken, an den Seiten des letzten Leibssegmentes mit ein paar faden-
artigen Falten. Afterdecke beim Männchen runzelig. Beine kurz und
dick, wie bei der vorigen Gattung. Schenkel stachellos, nur bei den
Vorderbeinen mit einfacher Stachelreiche ; letztes Tarsalglied lang, länger
als die übrigen zusammen, welches mit einer deutlichen Sohle versehen.

Cerci sehr klein, rudimentär.

Körperlänge : d' AI: mor
Pronotumslänge : d 9.5 mm.
Pronotumsbreite : d. 13: (mimi
Hinterleibslänge : d 23 ni
Hinterleibsbreite : d 19., mini
Vorderflügellänge : & 30. mm
Cercislänge : de 1. mim

Zahlreiche Exemplare in der Sammlungen von Herren Dr. S.
MATSUMURA aus Riukiu und Banshu.

Trivialname: O-gokiburt.

Fig.

e

Fig

Fig.
Fig.

5

Fig.
Fig.

Fig

5°

anzu

DIE BLATTIDEN JAPANS.

ERKLARUNG DER TAFEL II.

Phyllodromia pallidiola
Cryptogercus spadicus
Periplaneta picea
Opisthoplatia maculata
Periplaneta striata
Epilampra dimorpha (7)

Epilampra guttigera

n.

35

Notizen über japanische Ascidien I.
VON

Asajiro Oka.

In den folgenden Notizen will ich nur die einheimischen Arten mit
Namen belegen und kurz kennzeichnen, damit sie leicht unterschieden und
bequem verzeichnet werden können. Eine ausführliche Beschreibung der
neuen Arten mit Abbildungen etc. werde ich später an anderer Stelle ver-

öffentlichen.

I, Halocynthia roretzi v. Drasche 1884.

Cynthia roretzi. v. Drasche, Ueber einige neue und weniger
bekannte aussereuropäische einfache Ascidien. Denkschr. d.
Akad. d. Wiss. Wien. 48. Bd.

Aeussere Kennzeichen. Körper stehend eiförmig, mit dem
Hinterende festgewachsen ; Länge 160-190 mm, Breite 99 mm, Quer-
schnitt rundlich oval.

Siphonen verhältnismässig kurz, beide fast gleich gross, ca. 15 mm.
lang und 20 mm. dick. Branchialsipho am vorderen Ende, etwas ventral-
warts geneigt ; Atrialsipho mehr dorsal, an der Basis nur um 10 mm, oder
noch weniger, vom Branchialsipho entfernt. Branchialöffnung immer
deutlich kreuzförmig, Atrialöffnung meist nur eine einfache Querspalte,
seltener kreuzförmig.

Die Oberfläche ist in der vorderen Hälfte oder zwei Dritteln, je nach
der Länge des hinteren Korperteiles, in grosse, bis 17 mm. durch-
messende, leicht gewölbte, polygonale Felder geteilt, deren jedes eine bis
16 mm lange, kegelförmige Warze trägt. Die Siphonen sind auch mit

solchen Warzen bedeckt. Bei erwachsenen Exemplaren sind die Warzen

38 ASAJIRO OKA,

an der Spitze abgerundet, bei jungen Individuen laufen sie je in einen
feinen, geraden, von der eigentlichen Warze deutlich abgesetzten Dorn
aus.

In der hinteren Partie weist die Oberfläche eine grosse Anzahl von
bis 3 mm dicken, dicht verästelten, wurzelförmigen Fortsätzen auf, mit
denen die Tiere auf der Unterlage festwachsen. Die Länge des mit
solchen Fortsätzen bedeckten Körperteils ist sehr variabel, indem sie von
der Beschaffenheit der Unterlage beeinflusst wird, beträgt in der Regel
% bis % der Körperlänge.

Die Farbe in frischem Zustande schön rötlich braun; die hintere
Partie mehr gelblich oder dunkel; die wurzelförmigen Fortsätze immer
gelblich. Kleinere Individuen sind heller, ganz kleine nur blass gefärbt.

Testa: lederartig, nur 1.5 mm. dick, in der hinteren Partie bis 3 mm
werdend ; die Innenfläche in der verderen Partie dunkelrot, in der hinteren
hellgrau.

Tunica: gelblich; Muskulatur ausserordentlich kräftig, aus einer
äusseren sehr wohl entwickelten Ringmuskelschicht und einer inneren
ebenso derben Längsmuskelschicht bestehend.

Tentakel: gegen 20 an der Zahl, von abwechselnder Grösse, bis an
der Spitze mit Seitenästen versehen ; grössere Aeste wieder gefiedert.

Dorsaltuberkel: wohl entwickelt; die beiden Hörner der Flim-
mergrube spiralig nach innen in Form zweier von einander abgeneigter
Kegel eingerollt, welche auf einem kurzen gemeinschaftlichen Stiele auf-
sitzen. Die Zahl der Windungen der Spirale beträgt 5 bis 6.

Kiemensack: jederseits mit 15 sehr breiten Falten, von denen
jedoch blos 9, d. h. Falten II bis X (von der Dorsalfalte gezählt) bis zum
vorderen Rand des Sacks reichen. Die übrigen enden in einiger Entfer-
nung vom letzteren, mit dem Endostyl resp. Dorsalfalte einen spitzen
Winkelbildend. Ueber 25 Längsgefässe auf den Falten, gegen 10 auf
den Faltenzwischenräumen.

Dorsalfalte: rudimentär, repräsentiert durch eine Reihe winziger
Züngelchen in der Nähe des Schlundeinganges.

Darm: linksseitig, eine ziemlich weite, fast zwei Drittel der linken

NOTIZEN UEBER JAPANISCHE ASCIDIEN I. 39

Körperseite einnehmende Schlinge bildend. Magen nicht deutlich von
dem sehr geräumigen Mitteldarm abgesetzt, mit wohl entwickelter,
blumenkohlförmiger Leber.

Geschlechtsorgane: jederseits eine Reihe von S bis 10 langge-
streckten, unregelmässig schlauchförmigen, zwittrigen Apparaten; die der
rechten Seite direckt an der Innenfläche der Tunica angewachsen, die der
linken Seite an der inneren Fläche des Darms, ihn kreuzend, befestigt.
Im Peribranchialraum zahlreiche grosse wasserhelle Endocarpen.

Fundort; Otaru (Hokkaido), Hakodate (Hokkaido), Aomori (Prov.
Mutu), Hatinohe (Prov. Mutu), Akita (Prov. Ugo), Isinomaki (Prov. Riku-
zen), Misaki (Prov. Sagami).

Anm. Trotzem die obige Diagnose in manchen Punkten mit der
Original-Beschreibung von Drasche nicht übereinstimmt, glaube ich doch
mit Bestimmtheit sagen zu können, dass es sich hier um eine und dieselbe
Art handelt. Meiner Meinung nach bildete das einzige Exemplar, das
dem Autor vorlag, in einigen Beziehungen zufälligerweise einen Aus-
nahmefall, namentlich im Gestieltsein des Körpers und im abweichenden
Bau der Tentakel, so dass dasselbe in keiner Weise geeignet war als den
Typus der Art angesehen zu werden.

Diese Art ist wegen ihrer Anwendung als Nahrungsmittel bei weitem

die bekannteste der einheimischen Ascidien.

2. Halocynthia mirabilis v. Drasche 1884.

Cynthia mirabilis. v. Drasche, Ueber einige neue und weniger
bekannte aussereuropäische einfache Ascidien. Denkschr. d.
Akad. d. Wiss. Wien. 48. Bd.

Aeussere Kennzeichen: Körper länglich eiförmig mit etwas aus-
gezogenen Enden, liegend, mit der ganzen Ventralseite angewachsen.
Länge 110 mm, Breite 45 mm beim grössten Exemplar.

Siphonen an den entgegengesetzten Körperenden, Branchialsipho die
langausgezogene vordere Endpartie des Körpers bildend, Atrialsipho viel

kürzer. Oeffnungen deutlich 4 lappig.

40 ASAJIRO OKA.

Oberfläche in der Nähe der Körperöffnungen quergerunzelt, sonst
fast glatt oder nur mit wenigen Unebenheiten, vollkommen frei von
fremden Gegenständen.

Farbe schmutzig weiss.

Testa: dünn, lederartig, innen weiss, etwas perlmutterglänzend.

Tunica: mit eigentümlich geordneter Muskulatur. Die Ring-
muskelschicht der Dorsalseite in eine Anzahl paralleler, deutlich von
einander entfernter Bündel gesondert ; die der Ventralseite ein dichtes
unregelmässiges Netzwerk bildend. An den Seitenrändern einige schief
gelegte, ziemlich derbe Muskelbündel.

Tentakel: ca. 18, schmal, einfach gefiedert.

Dorsaltuberkel: sehr flach, von nierenformigem Umriss. Die
Öffnung zwischen den beiden symmetrisch nach innen eingerollten
Hörnern nach rechts gewandt.

Kiemensack: jederseits in 7 Falten gelegt; Falten VI and VII,
reichen nicht bis zum Schlundeingang.

Dorsalfalte: eine Reihe dünner, fadenförmiger Züngelchen.

Darm: linksseitig, eine längliche horizontale Schlinge bildend.
Magen nicht deutlich vom Mitteldarm abgesetzt. Der Darm verläuft
zuerst gerade nach vorn, macht eine scharfe Biegung, und dann geht direkt
nach hinten um an der Basis des Atrialsipho auszumünden.

Geschlechtsorgane: zwei langgestreckte, horizontal liegende,
unregelmässig schlauchförmige, zwittrige Apparate ; der der linken Seite
innerhalb der Darmschlinge.

Fundort: Misaki (Prov. Sagami), Westküste von Prov. Kii, Küste
von Prov. Awa (Insel Sikoku), Misumi (Prov. Higo, Insel Kyusyu).

Anm. Das einzige von Drasche untersuchte Exemplar war nur 35
mm lang und 20 mm breit, also ungefähr blos % des grössten in meiner
Sammlung. In Misaki habe ich auch solche kleinere Individuen in grosser

Anzahl gesammelt.

NOTIZEN UEBER JAPANISCHE ASCIDIEN I. AI

3. Halocynthia superba Ritter 1900.

Cynthia superba. Ritter, Some Ascidians from Puget-Sound,
Collection of 1895. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. Vol. XII.

Aeussere Kennzeichen. Kérper birnformig, stehend, mit dem
breiteren Ende befestigt. Länge bis 150 mm, Breite 50-60 mm; Quer-
schnitt beinahe kreisformig.

Siphonen terminal, beide ungefàhr gleich gross, etwas langer oder
ebenso lang wie dick. Branchialsipho ventralwärts geknickt. Entfernung
zwischen beiden an der Basis gleich ihre Dicke. Branchialöffnung deutlich
kreuzförmig, Atr'aloffnung eine einfache Querpalte.

Oberfläche eben, etwas rauh, überall ganz nackt. Am Hinterende
sehr zahlreiche, dicht gedrängte wurzelförmige Fortsätze zum Anhaften ;
Verästelung der letzteren äusserst fein.

Farbe der vorderen Körperhälfte schön orange-rot bis dunkelrot ;
die der hinteren Partie mehr gelblich, zuweilen aber ebenso tief rot wie
die vordere ; Wurzelförmige Fortsätze immer gelblich. Kleinere Exem-
plare sind sehr blass, nur an den Siphonen rötlich und sehen dann Cynthia
deani Ritter überaus ähnlich.

Testa: lederartig, ca ı mm dick, an der Innenfläche weisslich.

Tunica: fast so dick wie die Testa, mit beinahe gleich wohl ent-
wickelten Ring- und Längsmuskelschichten.

Tentakel: ca 18, darunter 13 grössere ; alle verästelt, grössere
Aeste wieder gefiedert.

Dorsaltuberkel: sehr deutlich, knopfartig hervortretend ; die
beiden Hörner der Flimmergrube spiralig nach innen eingerollt, die Zahl
der Spiralwindungen 4-6.

Kiemensack: jederseits mit 9 Falten; 16-18 Längsgefässe auf
den Falten, ca 4 auf den Faltenzwischenräumen.

Dorsalfalte: aus einer Reihe langer, dicht hinter einander
gestellter Züngelchen bestehend ; daneben noch eine Anzahl kleiner

accessorischer Züngelchen an der rechten Seite.

ASAJIRO OKA.

Darm: linksseitig, eine weite Schlinge bildend; Magen mit wohl
entwickelter, blumenkohlförmiger Leber.

Geschlechtsorgane : auffallend gross, an jeder Seite eine kompakte
Masse bildend, die linksseitige innerhalb der Darmschleife.

Fundort: alle meine Exemplare stammen aus der Insel Hokkaido.

Anm. Die Art wird, ähnlich wie Halocynthia roretzi Drasche als
Nahrungsmittel angewandt. Ihr japanischer Name ist Akaboya, d.h.

rote Seescheide.

4: Halocynthia owstoni n. sp.

Aeussere Kennzeichen. Körper stehend eiförmig, mit dem
Hinterende festgewachsen. Länge 110 mm, Breite 70 mm; Querschnitt
rundlich oval.

Siphonen kurz, um !/; der Körperlänge von einander entfernt, Bran-
chialsipho terminal, ebenso lang wie dick, Atrialsipho nach der Dorsalseite
gerückt, wenig kürzer. Oeffnungen deutlich 4 lappig, Lappen weisslich.

Oberfläche unregelmässig gerunzelt, mit verschiedenen fremden
Gegenständen, Algen, Spongien, Bryozoen, Polychaeten-Gehäusen etc.
bedeckt. Gerade, kegelformige, 8-9 mm lange, mit feinen Seitenästchen
versehene Dornen bewaffnen die Terminalfläche der äusseren Siphonen.
Aehnlich gebaute aber ganz kleine Dornen sind auch auf der ganzen
Oberfläche, namentlich in der vorderen Körperhälfte zu beobachten.

Farbe dunkelgrau, an manchen nicht bedeckten Stellen gelblich ;
Dornen blass gelblichgrau.

Testa: ziemlich dick, bis 5 mm, lederartig, an der Innenfläche blass
gelblich.

Tunica: blass gelblich, auch an den inneren Siphonen ; Muskulatur
nicht besonders kräftig.

Tentakel: gegen 30, lang, bis an der Spitze verästelt; Aeste kurz,
dünn, einfach.

Dorsaltuberkel: wohl entwickelt; die beiden Hörner der Flim-

NOTIZEN UEBER JAPANISCHE ASCIDIEN I. 43

mergrube spiralig nach innen eingerollt, zwei von einander weg geneigte
Kegel bildend ; Zahl der Windungen 4-5.

Kiemensack: mit 10 Falten an jeder Seite; Falten IX und X
reichen nicht bis zum Schlundeingang; 17-18 Längsgefässe auf den
Falten, ca. 5 auf den Faltenzwischenriumen. Endostyl ansehenlich,
geschlängelt.

Dorsalfalte: eine Reihe dicht an einander stehender, dünner
fadenförmiger Züngelchen ; daneben noch eine zweite von viel kleinerer
Züngelchen rechtsseitig in der Nähe des Schlundeinganges.

Darm: linksseitig neben der unteren Partie des Kiemensackes,
eine weite Schlinge bildend. After an der Basis des Atrialsipho, mit
regelmässig fein eingekerbtem Rand.

Geschlechtsorgane: beiderseitig, aus einer Anzahl lang gest-
reckter zwittriger Apparate bestehend; die der linken Seite innerhalb
der Darmschlinge, an der Darmwand befestigt. Zahlreiche wasserhelle
Endocarpen an der Innenflache der Körperwand.

Fundort: Sagami-Bai.

Anm, Traustedt” beschreibt eine Cynthia hilgendorfi aus Hako-
date, die ebenfalls mit eigentümlichen verästelten Dornen ausgestattet
sind; dieselbe unterscheidet sich sehr deutlich von der neuen Art 1.)
durch die geringere Zahl (ca. 12) der Tentakel, 2.) durch die geringere
Zahl (9) der Kiemenfalten und 3.) durch die einfachere (hufeisenförmige)
Gestalt des Dorsaltuberkels. Mir scheint übrigens, dass Traustedt ein

ganz junges, noch lange nicht ausgewachsenes Individuum vor sich hatte.

5. Halocynthia ritteri n. sp.

Aeussere Kennzeichen. Körper stehend eiförmig, mit dem
hinteren Körperende festgewachsen. Länge So-go mm, Breite 50-60
mm, Querschnitt rundlich oval.

Siphonen kurz, ungefähr so lang wie dick, etwas mehr als % der

Körperlänge von einander entfernt. Branchialsipho terminal, deutlich

1° Transtedt. M.P.A. Ascidia simplices fra det stille Ocean. 1885.

44 ASAJIRO OKA.

ventralwarts umgebogen ; Atrialsipho an der Dorsalseite, gerade. Oeff-
nungen deutlich 4 lappig ; Lappen tiefrot.

Oberfläche schwach gerunzelt, überall, aber spärlich, mit 2-3 mm
langen, verhältnismässig dicken, reichlich verästelten Dornen bedeckt.
In der Nähe der Körperöffnungen können die Dornen bis 7 mm lang
werden ; solche stehen an der Aussenseite, nicht auf der Terminalfläche
der Siphonen, wie es bei /7. ozvstonz der Fall ist.

Farbe an nicht bedeckten Stellen rötlich braun ; Dornen gelblich grau.

Testa: 2-3 mm dick, lederartig; an der Innenfläche blassgrau, in
der vorderen Partie rötlich.

Tunica: blass orange-rot, an den Siphonen mehr rötlich; Mus-
kulatur nicht besonders kräftig.

Tentakel: ca. 13, ungefähr von gleicher Grösse, verästelt; Aeste
regelmässig in einer Ebene an beiden Seitenrändern des Tentakelstammes
angeordnet, mit Fiederung 2. und 3. Ordnung.

Dorsaltuberkel: knopfartig hervortretend ; die beiden Hörner der
Flimmergrube spiralig nach innen eingerollt, zwei von einander gekehrte,
schneckenförmige Kegel bildend. Zahl der Windungen 3. Oeffnung
zwischen den Hörnern nach vorn-rechts gewandt.

Kiemensack: mit 9 ziemlich breiten Falten an jener Seite ; Falten
VIII und IX reichen nicht bis zum Schlundeingang. Längsgefässe zu ca.
17 auf den Falten, zu 5 auf den Faltenzwischenräumen. Endostyl im
vorderen Teile geschlängelt.

Dorsalfalte: in Form einer Reihe langer, dünner Züngelchen ;
daneben noch mehrere kleinere, unregelmässig gestellte Züngelchen an
der rechten Seite.

Darm: linksseitig, eine weit Schlinge bildend. Magen nicht deutlich
vom Mitteldarm abgesetzt, mit gelapptem Leberanhang. Afterrand nicht
eingekerbt.

Geschlechtsorgane: beiderseitig, aus einer Anzahl (4-6) lang
gestreckter, unregelmässig schlauchformiger, zwittriger Apparate beste-
hend; die der linken Seite innerhalb der Darmschlinge. Zahlreiche

wasserhelle Endocarpen an der Innenfläche der Tunica.

NOTIZEN UEBER JAPANISCHE ASCIDIEN I. 45

Fundort: Hatinohe (Prov. Mutu), Kinkazan (Prov. Rikuzen).
Anm. Diese Art steht Cynthia hilgendorfi Traustedt noch näher
als die vorige ; ist aber durch die abweichende Gestalt des Dorsaltuberkels

und der Dornen leicht unterscheidbar.

6. Halocynthia igaboja n. sp.

Aeussere Kennzeichen. Körper stehend eiförmig, sessil oder
ganz kurz gestielt, mit dem hinteren Körperende festgewachsen. Länge
60-70 mm, Breite ca. 50 mm; Querschnitt oval.

Siphonen kaum erhaben, deshalb sehr leicht zu übersehen. Bran-
chialsipho terminal, Atrialsipho auf der Dorsalseite ; Entfernung zwischen
ihnen etwas mehr als die halbe Länge des Körpers. Oeffnungen 4 lappig.

Oberfläche überall mit grossen, bis 2 mm. dicken und 10 mm.
langen, geraden, mit feinen Seitenästchen verschenen Dornen dicht
bedeckt ; grösste Dornen nicht in der unmittelbaren Nähe der Körper-
Öffnungen.

Farbe schwarzbraun ; Dornen an der Basis rötlich, sonst grau, halb-
durchsichtig.

Testa: lederartig, ca. ı mm. dick, überall von annähernd gleich-
mässiger Dicke ; an der Innenfläche grau.

Tunica: hellgrau, Muskulatur hicht besonders kräftig.

Tentakel: ca. 16, von unregelmässig abwechselnder Länge, reichlich
verästelt.

Dorsaltuberkel : hervortretend ; die beiden Hörner der Flimmer-
grube spiralig nach innen eingerollt, in Form zweier von einander weg
geneigter, niedriger Kegel. Zahl der Windungen 2. Oeffnung zwischen
den Hörnern nach vorn-links gewandt.

Kimensack: jederseits mit 9 Falten ; Falten VIII und X reichen
nicht bis zum Schlundeingang. Endostyl in vorderer Partie geschlängelt.

Dorsalfalte : in Form einer Reihe dünner, fadenförmiger Züngelchen,

Darm: linksseitig, eine ziemlich weite Schlinge bildend. Magen

mit gelapptem Leberanhang.

46 ASAJIRO OKA.

Geschlechtsorgane: beiderseitig, aus einigen lang gestreckten,
unregelmässig schlauchförmigen, zwittrigen Apparaten bestehend ; die
linksseitigen innerhalb der Darmschlinge.

Fundort: Otaru (Insel Hokkaido),

Anm. Diese Art ist mit der vorigen schr nahe verwandt. So weit
die innere Organisation in Betracht kommt, stimmen die beiden Formen
fast überein, äusserlich sind sie jedoch so verschieden, dass man sie

unbedingt als zwei gut gesonderte Arten betrachten muss.

7. Halocynthia michaelsenin. sp.

Aeussere Kennzeichen. Körper liegend eiförmig, seitlich etwas
zusammengedrückt, mit der hinteren Hälfte der Ventralseite fest-
gewachsen. Länge 65 mm, Breite 50 mm.

Siphonen kurz, kuppelförmig, beide auf der dorsalen Medianlinie ;
Branchialsipho in der Nahe des Vorderendes, Atrialsipho ungefähr in der
Mitte. Oeffnungen undeutlich 4 lappig.

Oberfläche nur schwach gerunzelt; Dorsalhalfte frei von fremden
Gegenständen, Ventralhälfte mit Steinchen, Schalen etc. bedeckt. Keine
Auswüchse.

Farbe rötlich grau.

Testa: ungemein dick, 4-8 mm, stellenweise sogar 10 mm, knor-
pelig ; im Schnitt sowie an der Innenfläche hell rötlich grau.

Tunica: blass gelblich, in der dorsalen Partie mehr rötlich. Innere
Siphonen dunkel rötlich braun. Muskulatur sehr schwach, nur in der
Umgebung der Siphonen zu Ring- und Längsmuskelbündeln entwickelt.

Tentakel: von drei verschiedenen grössen, alle bis an der Spitze
seitlich gefiedert, Fieder verhältnismässig dick ; ca. 13 grössere mit zahl-
reichen kleineren mehr oder weniger regelmässig abwechselnd.

Dorsaltuberkel: knopfartig gewolbt; die Flimmergrube nicht
ganz symmetrisch hin und her geknickt, ein zierliches, ziemlich kompli-

ziertes Muster herstellend.

NOTIZEN UEBER JAPANISCHE ASCIDIEN I. 47

Kiemensack: jederseits mit 6 nicht sehr breiten Falten ; Längs-
gefässe etwa zu 10 auf den Falten, zu 9 auf den Faltenzwischenräumen.

Dorsalfalte: eine Reihe von kurzen, spitzen Züngelchen.

Darm: linksseitig, eine lange, horizontal liegende, bis zum Vorder-
ende reichende Schlinge bildend. Darm sehr geräumig, mit blumenkohl-
formigem, in verschiedene, ungleich grosse Abteilungen gesondertem
Leberanhang. After glattrandig.

Geschlechtsorgane: beiderseitig, eine zusammenhängende, un-
gefihr 2 mm. dicke, die Tunica von innen vollständig bekleidende Schicht
bildend.

Fundort: Ozika-Halbinsel (Prov. Rikuzen).

S. Halocynthia jokoboja n. sp.

Aeussere Kennzeichen. Körper beinahe kugelig, anf der
ganzen rechten Seite festgewachsen. Lange 38 mm, Breite 36 mm.

Siphonen äusserlich nicht vorhanden ; Oeffnungen ganz nahe dem
Rande der Anwachsungsfläche, sehr leicht zu übersehen.

Oberfläche nur schwach gerunzelt, nicht bedeckt von grösseren
fremden Gegenständen. Keine Auswüchse.

Farbe weiss, halbdurchsichtig.

Testa: verhältnismässig sehr dick, bis 6 mm, weich knorpelig ;
halbdurchsichtig weiss sowohl im Schnitt wie an der Innenfläche.

Tunica: sehr dünn, farblos, nur an den Siphonen rötlich. Beide
Körperöffnungen auf der dorsalen Medianlinie, 4 lappig, um die halbe
Körperlänge von einander entfernt; Branchialöffnung in der unmittelbaren
Nähe des Vorderendes, Atrialöffnung ungefähr in der Mitte.

Tentakel: ca. 12, gleich gross, reichlich gefiedert.

Dorsaltuberkel: flach kugelig, die beiden Hörner der Flimmer-
grube nach innen umgebogen, unregelmässig wellenformig gekrümmt,
Oeffnung zwischen den Hörnern nach vorn gerichtet.

Kiemensack: sehr zart, jederseits mit 6 Falten; ca. It Längs-

48 ASAJIRO ORA.

gefässe auf den Falten, ca. 5 auf den Faltenzwischenräumen. Quergefässe
von 3 verschiedenen Grössen regelmässig alternierend.

Dorsalfalte: eine Reihe dünner Züngelchen.

Darm: ähnlich gebaut wie bei Halocynthia michaclsent.

Geschlechtsorgane: beiderseitig.

Fundort: Tateyama (Prov. Awa, Insel Hondo).

Anm. Diese Species ist mit der vorigen nahe verwandt, unter-
scheidet sich von ihr durch die abweichende Beschaffenheit der Testa und

der Siphonen, sowie durch die eigentümliche Lage des ganzen Körpers.

O. Halocynthia karasboja n. sp.

Aeussere Kennzeichen. Körper liegend eiformig, mit dem
grössten Teil der Ventralseite auf den Untergrund anhaftend. Länge 45
mm, Breite 35 mm. Zahlreiche Individuen zu einer Masse aggregierend.

Siphonen mässig lang, kegelförmig, beide auf der dorsalen Median-
linie ; Branchialsipho in der Nähe des Vorderendes, Atrialsipho mehr der
Mitte genahert. Oeffnungen deutlich 4 lappig ; Lappen tief rot.

Oberfläche gerunzelt, teilweise mit Hydrozoen, Bryozoen etc.
bedeckt.

Farbe schwarzbraun.

Testa: ziemlich dick, lederartig, an der Innenfläche rötlich.

Tunica: hell rötlich, an den Siphonen tief rot; Muskulatur wohl
entwickelt, einen gleichmässig dicken, nicht in Ring- und Längsmuskel-
schicht gesonderten Filz bildend.

Tentakel: ca. 15, ungefähr von gleicher Grösse, reichlich verästelt.

Dorsaltuberkel: etwas gewölbt ; die beiden Hörner der Flimmer-
grube spiralig nach innen eingerollt.

Kiemensack: jederseits mit 6 nicht sehr breiten Kalten ; Längs-
gefasse zu 8-9 auf den Falten, zu 5-6 auf den Faltenzwischenräumen.
Endostyl nicht geschlängelt.

Dorsalfalte: eine Reihe spitzer Züngelchen.

NOTIZEN UEBER JAPANISCHE ASCIDIEN 1. 49

Darm: linksseitig, eine sehr lange und ziemlich weite Schlinge
bildend. Leberanhang wohl entwickelt, in ganz feine Läppchen geteilt.

Geschlechtsorgane: jederseits aus einer Anzahl kleiner, gelapp-
ter, in zwei paralleln Reihen geordneter, durch einen gemeinschaftlichen
Ausführungsgang zusammenhängender, zwittriger Apparate bestehend.

Fundort: Misaki (Prov. Sagami).

10. Microcosmus hartmeyeri n. sp.

Aeussere Kennzeichen. Korper liegend eiformig, mit einem
Teil der Ventralseite festgewachsen. Länge 110 mm, Breite 80 mm.

Siphonen kaum erhaben, beide auf der dorsalen Medianlinie, die
halbe Körperlänge von einander entfernt; Branchialsipho wenig entfernt
vom Vorderende, Atrialsipho etwas hinter der Mitte. Oeffnungen kreuz-
förmig.

Oberfläche gerunzelt, mit Hydrozoen, Darentsia, Balanus etc. be-
deckt. Wurzelartige, zum Anhaften dienende Fortsätze an der hinteren
Partie der Ventralfläche.

Farbe gelblich.

Testa: sehr dick (5-7 mm.), lederartig, an der Innenfläche sowohl
im Schnitt hellgrau.

Tunica: gelblich, nicht besonders dick ; sowohl Ring- wie Längs-
muskel in schmale Bänder gesondert.

Tentakel: ca. 16, ungefähr gleich gross, bis an der Spitze verästelt ;
Aeste wieder gefiedert.

Dorsaltuberkel: flach, nierenformig im Umriss; die beiden
Hörner der Flimmergrube spiralig nach innen zweimal eingerollt. Oeff-
nung zwischen den Hörnern nach links, wenig nach vorn, gerichtet.

Kimensack: jederseits mit 7 Falten; Längsgefässe zu 9-10 auf
den Falten, zu 7 auf den Faltenzwischenräumen. Endostyl gerade.

Dorsalfalte: ein einfächer, glattrandiger, schmaler Saum.

Darm: linksseitig, unterhalb des Kiemensacks, eine längliche

50 ASAJIRO OKA.

Schlinge bildend. Leberanhänge nur schwach entwickelt. Afterrand in
ca. 25 Läppchen eingekerbt.

Geschlechtsorgane: eine grosse, kontinuierliche, den ganzen
ventralen Körperteil einnehmende Masse bildend, in welcher der Darm-
kanal fast vollständig verborgen liegt.

Fundort: Tateyama (Prov. Awa, Insel Hondö), Küste von Prov.

Ki.

II. Sfyela kroboja n. sp.

Aeussere Kennzeichen. Körper langlich eiformig, stark zusam-
mengedrückt, frei liegend. Länge 70 mm, Breite 45 mm.

Siphonen kurz, kegelförmig ; Branchialsipho am vorderen Körperende,
Atrialsipho auf der Dorsalseite, Entfernung zwischen beiden gleich 2/; der
Lange des Körpers. Oeffnungen 4-lappig.

Oberfläche gerunzelt, stellenweise mit Schlamm bedeckt.

Farbe schwarz.

Testa: lederartig, 1.5-2 mm dick; an der Innenfläche dunkel-
braun.

Tunica: dunkelbraun ; Muskulatur ziemlich schwach.

Tentakel: ca. 16, einfach, fadenförmig.

Dorsaltuberkel: ganz flach; Flimmergrube gleicht dem Buch-
staben U, dessen beiden Hörner nach links umgebogen sind.

Kiemensack: mit 4 ziemlich schmalen Falten an jeder Seite ; 5-6
Längsgefässe auf den Falten, 4-5 auf den Faltenzwischenräumen.

Dorsalfalte: ein bandförmiges, glattrandiges Membran,

Darm: linksseitig, eine ziemlich schmale Schlinge bildend ; keine
Leberanhange. Afterrand fein gekerbt.

Geschlechtsorgane; beiderseitig, in Form einer dünnen, der
Innenfläche der Tunica aufgelagerten Schicht.

Fundort: Misaki (Prov. Sagami), Agu (Prov. Sima).

NOTIZEN UEBER JAPANISCHE ASCIDIEN I. 51

12. Chelyosoma siboja n. sp.

Aeussere Kennzeichen. Körper unregelmässig kegelförmig
mit dorsalwärts gekehrter Endfläche (Perisiphonalscheibe), seitlich zusam-
mengedrückt, mit dem hinteren, der Kegelspitze entsprechenden Teil der
Ventralfläche festgewachsen. Länge 110 mm, Breite 70 mm. Peri-
siphonalscheibe mit wallartig hervortretendem Rand, der unmittebar in die
Seitenwandung des Körpers übergeht.

Siphonen kurz, pyramidenförmig, ungefähr an den Centren der
elliptischen Perisiphonalscheibe. Oeffnungen 6-lappig.

Oberfläche warzig, mit Lithothamnien, Hydrozoen etc. bedeckt.

Farbe grünlich.

Testa: verhältnismässig dünn, knorpelig, im Schmitt und an der
Innenfläche weisslich durchscheinend, mit Gefässverästelungen durchzogen.
Perisiphonalscheibe aus 28 Platten bestehend, ausser den 12 Siphonal-
platten.

Tunica: fleischfarbig; Rand der inneren Perisiphonalscheibe ge-
franzt. Muskulatur sehr schwach, nur an den Siphonalplatten zu kurzen
Bündeln entwickelt.

Tentakel: sehr zahlreich, mehr als 40 grosse mit zahlreichen
kleineren unregelmässig abwechselnd, einfach fadenförmig.

Dorsaltuberkel: nicht hervortretend; Flimmergrube einfach,
sehr breit, nur schwach gebogen.

Kiemensack: von ansehenlicher Dicke, ganz ohne Falten, mit
zahlreichen regelmässigen Längsreihen von kompliziert gekrümmten
Kiemenspalten. Endostyl liegt am linksseitigen Rand des Kiemensacks,
so dass die linke Hälfte des letzteren bedeutend schmäler ist als die
rechte. Endostyl schmal, gerade.

Dorsalfalte: etwas nach rechts gerückt, die ganze Länge hindurch
aus dicht an einander gestellten kurzen Züngelchen bestehend.

Darm: ventral, unterhalb des Kiemensackes, etwas nach rechts
gelagert, eine längliche, horizontal liegende Schlinge bildend. After
ganzrandig.

52 ASAJIRO OKA.

Geschlechtsorgane: in Gestalt einer einheitlichen, den ganzen
ventralen Körperteil einnehmenden, den Darmkanal fast vollständig in sich
bergenden, grob körnigen Masse.

Fundort: Aomori (Prov. Mutu), Nohezi (Prov. Mutu), Otaru
(Insel Hokkaido), Zenibako (Insel Hokkaidö).

Anm. Diese Art lässt sich von den bis jetzt bekannten Chelyosoma-
Arten durch die bedeutende Grösse des Körpers und die grössere Zahl

der Platten in der Perisiphonalscheibe sehr leicht unterscheiden.

NOTICE.

Terms of subscription, $2.00=8s=10F=M8$ per volume, postage
prepaid.
Ÿ Remittances from foreign countries should be made by postal
money orders payable in Tokyo to M: Namive, Zoological Institute,
Science College, Imperial University, Tokyo.

All manuscripts should be sent to THE EDITOR, ANNOTA-
- TIONES ZOOLOGICA JAPONENSES, College of Science, Imperial
University, Tokyo.

All business communications should be sent to THE SECRETARY
OF THE TOKYO ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY, College of Science,

Imperial University, Tokyo.

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ANNOTATIONES

ZOOLOGICAH JAPONENSES.

Vol. VI. Part IL.

PUBLISHED
BY
The Tokyo Zoological Society,

April, 1907.

as

A List of a Collection of Lepidoptera
from Formosa.

BY

T. Miyake.

Zoological Institute, Science College, Tokyo Imperial University.

The Formosan Lepidoptera noted upon in this communication is a part
of the entomological collection, which was shown in the 5th Industrial
Exhibition held at Osaka in 1903 and which was later presented to the
Tokyo Imperial University by the Formosan Government Language School
at Taipe. The collection was made mostly in the northern part of the
island in 1902.

The insect fauna of Formosa, presenting as it does to a great extent a
tropical character, includes a rich assortment of forms allied to or indentical
with those of several other faunistic regions. Thus, together with those
which are certainly peculiar to the island, there are found in no small
number such elements as may be said to belong to the Japanese, Chinese,
Philippine and Indian, and even to the Australian and African, insect
fauna. This miscellaneous character offers great difficulty to the work of
indentification, especially for one who like myself does not stand within
reach of all the important literature bearing on the subject. Although the
collection before me can not be said to be a very extensive one, I believe I
have been able to make several additions to the list of Formosan Lepido-
ptera as has hitherto been known to us from the reports of A. R. Wallace
and F. Moore,* A.G. Butlert and others.

In the following list I have given to each species, so far as seemed
practicable, the Japanese names, thinking they might prove of use to col-

lectors.

* P. Z. S. pp. 355-365 (1866).
+ P. Z. S. pp. 8rc-816 (1877); pp. 666-691 (1880); A. M. N. H. (5) pp. 50-52 (1883).

54 RHOPALOCERA,

Here I beg to express my best thanks to Professor Matsumura of
the Sapporo Agricultural College for valuable advice and for the labor of
indentifying several of the species, and also to Professor Ijima of the Science

College, for the many help rendered me in drawing up this list.

RHOPALOCERA.
Papilionidæ.

1. Papilio xuthus L. (Agc/a).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 514 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p.-3, pl. 1,
fig. 2 a, b (1886).
Two female specimens both numbered 409.

Loc.: Taipe (4 4), Aug. 17.

2. Papilio bianor Cramer. (Karası-ageha).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 527 (1894); Fapilio maackii Men., Pryer,
Rhop. Nihon., p. 3, pl. I, fig. 3 (1886).
A male specimen numbered 420 and two female specimens num-
bered 418 and 420.
Loc.: Taipe (4 4), July 30; Shokei (FÉ &), July 22, 23.

3. Papilio helenus L. (Mon-ki-ageha).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 548 (1894); Pryer, Rhop, Nihon., p. 4, pl. ii,
fig. 2 (1886).
A single, damaged, female specimen numbered 325.

Loc.: Taipe (& Ib), Aug. 15.

PAPILIONIDÆ. 55

4. Papilio plutonius Obert. (Zazwan-/ako-ageha).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 541 (1894).

Two male specimens numbered 411, and two female specimens

numbered 414.

Loc. : Chohankei (JA Jx YA); Zuiho (Hj 3), July 17.

5. Papilio memnon L. (Nagasaki-ageha).
Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 544 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 4, pl. ii,
fig. I (1886).
Seven specimens numbered 415, 416, 422, 427 and 428. A badly
preserved specimen (No. 425), obtained Aug. 15 at Taipe, shows close
resemblance to, and yet differs somewhat from the rest of the specimens.

Whether or not it represented only an aberrant form of this butterfly could
not be determined.

Loc. Taipe (4 À), July 30; Aug. 5, 24, 27; Sept. 5, 27.

6. Papilio polytes L. (Shiroobi-ageha).
Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 522 (1894). .
Two male specimens (No. 421) and a female specimen (No. 413).

Loc.: Sanshaho (= % ff), Sept. 20; Taipe (& Jt), Aug. 28.

7. Papilio protenor Cramer. (Onashi-kuroageha).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 545 ; Donovan, Ins. China, p. 56, pl. 27 (1842).
Two male specimens (No. 424) and two female specimens (No.
423).
Loc.: Taipe (& ib), June 30; Aug. 15, 19.

8. Papilio aristolochiæ Fabr. (Lenzmon-ageha).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 554 (1894).

Three male specimens (Nos. 410, ? 412).

Loc Sozan (8: lj), Sept. 7;? Taipe (& À), July ro.

56 PAPILIONIDÆ.

9. Papilio paris L. (Xurimon-ageha).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 535 (1894), Donovan, Ins. China, p. 51, pl. xxit

(1798).
Two male specimens (No. 410).

Loc. : Shokei (RE /&), July 23.

10. Papilio demoleus L. (Onashi-ageha).
Donovan, Ins. China, p. 57, pl. xxviil, fig. 2. (1798).
A male (No. 408) and a female specimen (No. 408).

Loc.: Taipe (HE), Sept. 10, ır.

11. Papilio sarpedon L. (Auro-taimai).
Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 5324 (1894), a Rayer Rhop. Nihon, Pip
fig. 9 (1886).
Two female specimens (No. 405).

Loc.: Shinsei (#fFE), Sept. 27; Sözan (&ijli), Sept. 7.

12. Papilio mikado Leech. (Mikado-cho).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 526 pl. xxii, fig. 6 (1894).
A male (No. 407) and a female specimen (No. 407).
Loc.: Sekijö (A1A£), Sept. 13, 18.

15. Papilio cloanthus Westwood. (Tarwan-taimai).

Leech, But. China, 11, p, 523, pl. xxxii, fig. 2, var: (1894).
A female specimen (No. 408).
Loc. : Kilung (JER), Aug. (?).

PIERIDÆ. 57

Pieridæ.

14. Appias formosana Wall. et Moor. (Zaiwan-shirochö).

Pieris formosana Wall. et Moor., Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 356 (1866) ;
Butl., Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 814 (1877).
Two male (No. 393) and two female specimens (No. 404).
Loc.: Taipe (4b), Aug. 2; Shirin (FAR), Aug. 20; Sozan (Fly),
GEL. 1.

15. Pieris canidia Sparrman. (Taiwan-monshirocho).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 455 (1894); Pieris claripennis, P. sordida Butl.,
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xix, p. 95 (1877).
Three male specimens (Nos. 399, 400) and a female specimen (No.
400).
Two male specimens (No. 599) show the form of var. sordida Butl.

Loc.: Taipe (#4k), June 15.

16. Hebomoia glaucippe L. (Lsuina-beni-cho).

Pieris glaucippe L., Donovan, Ins. Chin., p. 60, pl. 31, fig. 1 (1842).
Two male specimens (No. 391) and a female specimen (No. 392).

Loc.: Sozan (El), May 4, June 20; Töchöshi (fl: +), July 24.

17. Colias hyale L. (Otsunen-cho).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p: 431, pl xxxiv, fig. 1-14 (1894); Pryer, Rhop.
Nihon, p. 8, pl. 2, fig. 4 a, b. (1886).
A male specimen (No. 401) and two female specimens (Nos. 401,
402).
Loc.: Taipe (&4%), May 1; Sözan (&i}lJ), Sept. 2; Shirin (EF),
septs 2:

55 NYMPHALIDÆ.

18. Terias hecabe L. (A?-cho).
Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 428 (1894); Terias multiformis Pryer, Rhop.
Nihon., p. 8, pl. ii. figs. 9 a, b (1886).
A male (No. 403) and a female specimen (No. 403).
Loc.: Taise (AH), Sept. 10.

19. Catopsilia pyranthe L. (Uranami-shirocho).

Two female specimens (Nos. 396, 397). Identified by Prof. Matsu-
mura.

Loc.: Taipe (44t), Oct. 5; Shizangan (ILES), Oct. 2.

20. Catopsilia chryseis Drury. (Mizuao-shirochö).
Three male (No. 395) and two female specimens (No. 394). Iden-
tified by Prof. Matsumura.
Loc.: Teipe (bk), Aug. 15, Oct,

21. Nychitona niobe Wall. et Moor. (Auroten-shirochö).

Pontia niobe Wall. et Moor., Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 357 (1866); Mychz

tona niobe Wall. et Moor., Butl, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) xii, p. 50
(1883).

A single female specimen (No. 398).
Loc. Taipe (4¢4L), Sept. 5.

Nymphalidæ.

A. Nymphalina.
22. Junonia Lemonias L. (/anome-tatehamodok?).

Nicéville, Butt. Ind., vol. 11, p. 70 (1886).

Two male specimens (No. 344).

Loc.: Taiko (Fey), Sept. 15; Hokuho (4b 4), Sept. 23.

NYMPHALINÆ. 59

23. Junonia orithyia L. (Ao-tatelamodoki),.
Niceville, Butt. Ind , vol. 11, p. 73 (1886); Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 280,
pl. xxv. figs. 7-10 (1894).
Several specimens of both sexes, showing some variations in size
and coloration (Nos. 3459, 3464, 3474, 3482, 3492, 3502, 351,d
3522).
Loc.: Nankö (KW), Sept. 22, Oct. 7, 17; Shirchiku (#17), Sept
26, 27; Toseikaku( #i 3444), Sept. 23; Shizangan( jf), Oct. 21

24. Junonia almana L. (Murnon-tatehamodoki),

Niceville, Butt. Ind., vol. 11, p. 68 (1886).
A male specimen (No. 339) and a female specimen (No. 339).

Loc.: Tobenko (JEXFHL), Sept. 22.

25. Junonia asterie L. (Tazelamodoki).

Niceville, Butt. Ind., vol. 11, p. 67 (1886). Said to represent only a

variety of /. alımana.
A male (No. 340) and a female specimen (No. 340).

Loc. : Taipe (44t), Aug. 1.

(Riakiu-imurasaki).

26. Hypolmnus bolina L.

Nicéville, Butt. Ind., vol. 11, p. 123 (1886).
A male (No. 317) and four female specimens (Nos. 318, 319).

Loc.: Taipe (Z4&), Aug. 17, 28, Sept. 10; Shizangan (2 lyfe),

Oet..21.
(Mesuaka-murasakı).

27. Hypolimnus misipus L.

Niceville, Butt. Ind., vol. 11, p. 126, pl. xx, fig. 85 (1886).
A male (No. 323) and a female specimen (No. 385).

Loc.: Taipe (&4%), Aug. 21, 27, 28.
28. Kallima inachis Boisd. (Konoha-cho).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 122 (1894) ; Nicéville, Butt. Ind , 11, p. 261 (1886).

Go NYMPHALINÆ.

One male specimen (No. 332).

Loc. : Shito ([UI£), Sept. 23.

29. Charaxes rothschildi Leech, var ?

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 128, pl. xiv, fig. 3 (1894).

The single female specimen (No. 429) closely agrees with the above
species, but shows on the undersurface of primaries two conjointed, black,
lunulate stripes, situated between veins 5-6 and 6-8, just in the middle of
the two yellowish-green bands. The upper side of secondaries exhibits a
bluish purple colour along the outer margin.

Loc. ; Sözan (#IlI), Sept. 15.

30. Athyma sulpita Cramer. (Zazivan-ltoshi-misugi).

Niceville, Butt. Ind., 11, p. 174 (1886); Leech, Butt. China, I. p. 174 pl.
xvii, fig, 5, var. (1894).
Two female specimens (No. 325).

Loc.: Sozan (Hil), June 5.

31. Athyma perius L. (SXzro-misuge).

Nicéville, Butt. Ind., 11, p. 166, pl. xx, fig. 89 (1886).
One male specimen (No. 328).

Loc. : Hokuho (JktH), Sept. 27.

32. Athyma cama Moore. (Taziwan-hitosuji).

Nicéville, Butt. Ind., 11, p. 178 (1886).

A male (No. 178) and a female specimen (No. 331)
The female specimen is ina much damaged condition.

Loc.: Ösuirei (7k 41), July 15, Zuiho (43), Sept. 17.

33. Neptis eurynome Westwood. (Arukiu-misupi).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p, 202, pl. xix, figs. 4, 6 (1894); Zimenitis eury-

NYMPHALINÆ. 61

nome Westwood; Donovan, Ins. China, p. 66, pl. 35, fig. 4 (1798);
Neptis varmona Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 561 (1872).
Two male specimens (No. 330).

Loc.: Shinks (REL), Sept. 13.

(Futosuji-komisuji).

34. Neptis mahendra Moore.
Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 560, pl. xxxii, fig. 3 (1872); Niceville Butt.
Ind. 1799.,784(1880); Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. zor, pl. xix, fig. 5,

var. (1894).
Two male specimens (No. 327).

Loc. : Shizangan (111%), Oct. 21.
35. Neptis cartica Moore var?
Proc. Zoolssee, Lond., p. 562) (1872); Niceville, Butt; Ind, 11, p. 89

(1886).
An aberrant male specimen (No. 329).

Loc.: Chösökei (ANZ), July 23.
36. Precis iphita Cramer. (Hikage-tatcha).
Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 276 (1894); Niceville, Butt, Ind. 11, p. 63, pl.

xix, fig. 84 (1886).
Two male specimens (No. 308) and a female sp:cimen (No. 307).

Loc. : Taiko (Ki), Sept. 19.
| 37. Ergolis ariadne L. (Kaba-tatcha).

Niceville, Butt. Ind., 11, p. 10 (1886).
Two male specimens (No. 334).

Loc.: Tobenko (HAfkytr), Sept. 22.

38. Cupha erymanthis Drury. (Aimadara-tateha).

Niceville, Butt. Ind., 11, p. 22, pl. xxiii, fig. 105 (1886).
Two male specimens (No. 333).
Loc. : Sekijö (FFE), Sept. 13

62 NYMPHALINZE.

39. Pareba vesta Fabr. (Madaracho-modoki).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 114 (1894); Donovan, Ins. China, pl. xxx, fig. I
(1799).
Four female specimens (Nos. 389. 390).
Loc.: Taiko (Ki) Sept. 19; Toi (7A), July 10.

40. Cyrestes thyodamas Boisd. (/shigake-cho).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 248(1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 23, pl. v,
fig. 4(1887); Niceville, Butt. Ind., 11, p. 251 (1886).
One male specimen (No. 34), somewhat resembling € nivea Zink.
Loc.: Taipe (#4t), March 28.

41. Hestina assimilis L. (Akahoshi-gomadar.a).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 143 (1894).
Two male specimens (No. 388).

Loc. : Taipe (&Jt), Aug. 18, 22.

42. Argynnis niphe L. (Zsumaguro-hyomon).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 243 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 28, pl. vii,
fig. 8 a, 8 b (1889).
A male (No. 336) and a female specimen (No. 335).
Loc.: Sözan (ijl), Sept. 7 ; Shizangan (lyfe), Oct. 21.

43. Pyrameis indica Moore. (Aka-tateha).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 252 (1894); Niceville, 11, p. 220, pl. xviii, fig 74
(1886); Vanessa callırhoö F., Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 126, pl. vii fig. 3
(1889).

Two male (No. 342) and two female specimens (No. 342).
Loc.: Töbenkö HAFEHL), Sept. 22.

NYMPHALINÆ. 63

44. Pyrameis cardui L. (/Zmc-aka-tatcha).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 251 (1894), Niceville, Butt, Ind., 11, p. 227 (1886);
Vanessa cardui L., Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 26 pl. vii, fig. 2 (1880).
A single male specimen (No. 343).
Loc. : Shinho (3), Sept. 28.

45. Vanessa canace L. (Ruri-tatchaN.

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 255 (1894), Vanessa charonia Godart, Pryer,
Rhop. Nihon., p. 27, pl. vii, fig. 4 (1829).
Two male specimens (No. 337).

Loc.: Kuirin (LS), Sept. 11.

46. Dodona eugenes Bates. (Szymi-tatela).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 292, pl. xxviii, fig. 1 var. (1894), Niceville, Butt.
Ind., 11 p. 315 (1386).
Two male specimens (No. 372).
Loc.: Shito (PU), July 23.

47. Isodema formosanum Roth. (Tarwan-gomadar.a).

Nov. Zool. vol. 5, p. 603 (1893).
Two male specimens (No. 378).

Loc, : Sözan (&i}lj), Aug. ro.

48. Euthalia thibetana Poujade? (Takasago-ichimongt).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 138, pl. xxi, fig. 8 (1894).
One female specimen (No. 325).

With regard to this species Leech says “ It occurs commonly up to
7,000 feet in western and central China during the months of July and
August.’ It is to be noted that the present specimen was captured in the
month of April.

Loc.: Tankei ({#¥), April ro.

64 TANAINÆ.

B. Danaina.

49. Radena vulgaris Butl. (Rivkin-asagimadara).

Compared with the specimens in the Science College Museum.
One female specimen (No. 280).

Loc. : Tamsui (#7), Aug. 3.

50. Paranthica agleoides Feld. (Hosohane-asogimadara).

Two female specimens (No. 379). Determined by Prof. Matsumura.
Loc.: Taipe (Jk), Sept. 1.

51. Caduga tytia Gray. (Asagi-madara).
Leech, Butt. China, I, 643 (1894), Danais tytia Gray, Pryer. Rhop. Nihon.,
p. 29, pl. vili, fig. 9 (1880).

Two male specimens (Nos. 376, 377) and a female specimen (No.
375). In one of the male specimens, the marginal band of secondaries
is blackish instead of reddish as in the other.

Loc. Taipe (44k), Sept. 5;, Sözan (li), Aug. 5; Kobi (EH),

July 20.

52. Nectaria (Hestia) leuconoë Erich. (Ogomadura).

Identified by comparing with a specimen in the Science College.
One female specimen (No. 374).
Loc.: Sozan (Heh), June 18.

53. Tirumala septentrionis Butl. (Aomon-asagimadara).
Leech, Butt. China, I, p. 3 (1894).

Two male (Nos. 381, 382) and two female specimens (Nos. 381,
382).

Loc. : Tamsui (#8 7K), Aug. 3.

DANAINZE. 65

54. Danais (Anosia) plexippus L. (Suziguro-kabamadara).
Identified by comparing with the Science College specimens.
Two male (No. 383) and two female specimens (No. 384).
Loc.:, Tamsui (#&7K), Aug. 1, 3; Sözan (Il), Sept. 7; Taipe
(AE), Sept. 10.

55. Danais chrysippus L. (Aabamadara).

Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ. p. 12, pl. 10, fig. 7 (1903).
Two male (No. 387) and two female specimens (No. 386).
Loc.: Tamsui (# 7K), Aug. 3; Taipe (&Jk), Sept. 1.

56. Trepsichrois (Euploea) Linn&i Moore. (Tsume-murasakı-madara).

soc. Zool.@eec, Lond., p. 286, pl. xxix, he, Je xxx fig. 14 (1883);
Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 7 (1894).
Three male ee 316) and three female specimens (No. 322).

Loc.: Tamsui (% 7K), Aug. 3; Taipe (&4&), Sept. 4.

57. Stictoplea Swinhei Wall et Moor. (Murasaki-madara).

Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 321 (1883); Zupl&a Swinhei Wall. et
Moor., Proc. Zocl. Soc. Lond., p. 358 (1866).
Two male (No. 315) and two female specimens (No. 321).
Loc.: Tamsui (% 7K), Aug. 3; Kobi (JEF), Sept. 5.

58, Euplea sp.

Near £. vestigiata Butl. Pıoc. Zool. Sec. Lord., p. 288, fig. 12 (1866)
A male (No. 320) and a female specimen (No. 325).
Loc.: Tamsui (% 7K), Aug. 3; Taipe (424), Aug. 15.

66 SATYLINÆ.

C. Satylinæ.

59. Lethe chandica Moore. (Mesu-cha-hikage).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 19, pl. 111, 18827, var. (189%).
Two male (No. 314) and two female specimens (No. 313).
The specimens may possibly represent var. ca/estes Leech.
Loc.: Byoritsu (HE), Sept. 18; Sankakuyù (=#i), Sept. 3.

60. Lethe europa Fabr. (Shiro-obi-janorne).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 20 (1894).
A male specimen (No. 312) and three female specimens (No. 309).
Loc.: Taipe (44k), July 8, Aug. 28.

61. Lethe dyrta Feld. (Uramadara-shiro-obi-janome).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 21 (1894).
Two male specimens (No. 311) and a female specimen (No. 310).

Loc.: Sozan (8x qj), Sept. 7.

62. Melanitis leda L. (Konoma-cho).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 106 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 30, pl. viii
fig. 86 (1889).
A large number of specimens of both sexes. (Nos. 272, 273,
274, 275, 276, 277, 278,285, 28002971289)!
Loc.: Hokuho (JEHË), Sept. 27, 29; Byoritsu (fy B®), Sept. 18 ;
Taiko (Ki), Sept. 19; Dojöshö (+BkE), Sept. 29; Shinho
(HH), Sept. 20.

63. Melanitis leda L. var. ismene Moore.

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 107, pl. xiii, figs. 2, 5 (1894); Melanitis ısmene
Moore, Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 30, pl. viii, fig, 7 (1889).
Several spzcimens (Nos. 271, 279, 281, 232, 283, 234).
Loc.: Hokuho (64), Sept. 27, 28.

SA'TYLINÆ. 67

64. Melanitis aswa Moore var. tristis Feld. (Kuro-konoma-cho).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 109 (1894), Melanitis aswa Moore, Proc. Zool.
Soc ones 769 (1865); Leech, 1. c. p.108.
One male specimen (No. 306).
Loc. : Shabözan (if ly), June 20.

65. Ypthima multistriata Butl. (Taiwen-uranami-janome).

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) xii, 50 (1883).
Three male specimens (Nos. 301. 294) and two female specimens
(No. 293).
Loc.: Hokuho (JEH), Sept. 27; Taiko (Ki), Sept. 18, Byöritsu
(#722), Aug. 18.

66. Ypthima conjuncta Leech ?

Leech, Butt. China. 1, p. 82, pl. x, figs. 3, 4 (1894).

A male (No. 299) and a femue specimen (No. 299). Wing-
markings closely agree with those of the typical species, but the pre-
sent specimens are much smaller in size. Exp. only 40 mm.

Loc. : Shichito (3%), Oct. 2.

67. Mycalesis drusia Cram. (Taiwan-kojanome).

Three male specimens (Nos. 299, 295, 299) and a female specimen
(No. 291), Determined by Prof. Matsumura.
Loc.: Hokuho (43), Sept. 28; Nanko (Hi), Oct. 4; Taipe
(HAE), Sept. 21.

68. Mycalesis sp.

A male specimen (No. 292), closely allied to 47. perdiccas Hew.
Loc. : Hokuho (FH), Sept. 28.

68 LIBYTHIDÆ.

69. Mycalesis mineus L (/Z10/sume-janome).

Leech, Butt. China, I, p. 12, pl. 11, fig. 4, var. (1894), Calysisme mineus L.,
Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 162 (1880).
A large number of specimens (Nos, 239, 298, 300, 304, 305). No.
289 is possibly an aberrant form.
Loc.: Kansaihö (RZ A), Sept. 30; Shizangan (ILES), Oct. 21;
Sansaho (= Æ nf), Sept. 19; Hokuho (EH), Sept. 27.

70. Mycalesis sangaica Butl. (AHitotsume-janome-modok).

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xix, p. 95 (1877); Leech, Butl. China, 1, p. 11,
pl. 11, fig. 4 (1874); Martanda sangaica Butl., Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc.
Lond., p. 169 (1880).

Two male specimen (No. 303) and two female specimens (No. 297).

Loc.; Shinchiku (47), July 26; Hokuho ({KH), Sept. 27.

71. Elymnias sp.

Very near £. nigrescens Butl.
One damaged female specimen (No. 315).
Loc.: Byöritsu (HE), Sept. 18.

Libythidæ.

72. Libytea lepita Moore. (Zengu-cho).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 288 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 21, pl. v,
fig. 13 (1887); Niceville, Butt, Ind., 11, p. 303 (1886).
A male (No. 373) and a female specimen (No. 373).
Loc. : Suiherkyaku (7KkjE fil), Oct. 20; Shizangan (% Ijit), June 26.

LYCÆNIDÆ. 69

The female specimen obtained at Suihenkyaku is an aberrant form.
The streak in the discoidal cell of fore-wing is reduced to a spot, situated

at the apex of the cell. The second spot near it is as in the common form.

Lycænidæ.

73. Ilerda epicles Gordart. (Urafuchibeni-tsubame).

Leech, Butt. China, 11 p. 408, pl. xxx, fig. 6 (1894); Niceville, Butt , Ind.,
111, p, 325 (1890).
Two male (No. 370) and two female specimens (No. 360).
Loc. : Shito (PQ$%), July 23; Taiheisho (K2EJE), July 18; Wantan
GE), July to.

74. Mahathala ameria Hew. (Maruhrne-murasakitsubame).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 347 (1894); Niceville, Butt. Ind., 111, p. 283,
pl. xxvii, fig. 220 (1890); Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 703 (1878).
A male (No. 354) and a female specimen (No. 354).
Loc.: Byöritsu (#43), Sept. 18.

75. Zizera sangra Moore. (Tazivan-koshijimi).

Pulyommatus sangra Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 772, pl. xli, fig. 8
(1865); Niceville, Butt. Ind., 111, p. 120 (1890); Leech, Butt. China,
II, p. 323 (1894).

Two male specimens (No. 363).
Loc. : Byöritsu (HE), Sept. 15.

76. Zizera maha kollar. (Yamato-shijimi).

Niceville, Butt. Ind., 111, p. 112 (1890); Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 325
(1894); Pryer, Zyc@na argia Ménetriés, Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 17,

79 LYCÆNIDÆ.

pl. iv, fig. 24 a, b (1886).
Two male (Nos. 360, 363) and three female specimens (Nos. 360,
365).
Loc.: Hachirisha (A Hp), Sept. 22; Byöritsu (HE), Sept. 18.

77. Aphnaus formosanus Moor. (Taiwan-futao-tsubame).
Four male (No. 367, 368) and four female specimens (No. 367,

368). Identified by Prof. Matsumura.
Loc.: Shito (PU), July 23; Taiheishö (R2EJE), July 18.

78. Arhopala japonica Murray. (Murasaki-shijimi).
Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 344, pl) xx 124#(1894),; Payer i hom
Nihon., p. 11, fig. 14 (1886).
A male (No. 353) and a female specimen (No. 353).
Loc. : Shito (PU}%), July 24.

79. Nacaluba macrophthalma Feld. (Urausumadara-shijumt).

Niceville, Butt. Ind., 111, p. 143 (1890).
Two male specimens (No. 362).

Loc.: Taiko (Ky), Sept. 19.

80. Nacaduba pavana Horsfield. (Uramadara-shijime).

Niceville, Butt. Ind, 111, p. 145, pl. xxvi, fig. 182 (1890).
One female specimen (No. 357).
Loc. : Wantan (ii), July 10.

81. Nacaduba atrata Horsfield. (Urakomon-shijimt).

Niceville, Butt. Ind., 111, p. 148 (1890).
Three male (Nos. 356, 366) and two female specimens (No. 367).
Loc.: Taiko (XK) Sept. 19; Byöritsu (HE), Sept. 18; Giran
CEA), July 23; Kodoko (fil yt), July 17.

LYCÆNIDÆ. 71

82. Nacaduba kerriana Distant ?

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) xvii, p. 253 (1886); Niceville Butt. Ind., 111 p.
146 (1890).
Two male (No. 359) and two female specimens (No. 358). The
markings on the underside of primaries differ slightly from those in the
original description.

Loc. : Shito (PQ$#), July 23, 27; Wantan (#4), July 10.

83. Lycæna argus L. (Shyimi-cho).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 301 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 18, pl. v,
figs. 1 a, 1 b, 1 c (1886).
One female specimen (No. 364).
Loc. : Chosokei (JAF), July 18.

84. Cyaniris arsiolus L. (Auri-shijimi).

Leech, Butt. China, p. 320 (1894); Lrcæna argiolus L., Pryer, Rhop.
Nihon, p. 18, pl. iv, figs. 25 a, b (1886).
One male specimen (No. 255).
The specimen is probably referable to C. orcas Leech, Butt. China,
II, p. 321, pl. xxxi, figs. 12, 15, but I think the difference between that
species and C. argzolus is too slight to base specific distinction upon. At

the most the former can not be more than a variety of the latter.

Loc. : Tochoshi ({f] m) July 24.

85. Polyommatus boeticus L. (Uranami-shijim:).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 337 (1894); Niceville, Butt. Ind., 111, p. 204
(1890); Lycena boetica L., Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 17, pl. iv, fig. 12
(1886).

One female specimen (Sp. No. 366 ?).
Loc. : Giran (Fri), July 23.

72 HESPERIDÆ.

86. Curetis acuta Moore. (Uragin-shijimz).

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xx, p. 50 (1977); Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 349
(1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 11, pl. iv, figs. 1, 2 (1887).
One female specimen (No. 371).
Loc. : Wantan (fifi), July 10.

Hesperidæ.

87. Padraona virgata Leech. (Hosehanekiboshi-sesert).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 598, pl. xl, fig. 15 (1894).

Two male specimens (No. 270). Both differ slightly from typical
P. virgata in that the two quadrate fulvous spots on the under surface of
secondaries are much more distinct.

Loc.: Taipe (4¢4t), Aug. 21.

88. Padraona dara Kollar. (Armadara-seseri).

Leech, Butt. China, 11. p. 596, pl. xl, fig. 13, 14 (1894); Hesperia flava
Murr., Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 35, pl. x, fig. 17 (1889).
One male specimen (No. 208).
Loc.: Taipe (44), Aug. 21.

89. Hesperia bada Moore. (Tarwan-hanaseseri)

Proc. Zool. Soc,, Lond., p. 688 (1878).
Two male (No. 253) and two female specimens (No. 255).
Loc.: Taipe (4£ 4k), Aug. 21; Taiko (KM), Aug. 19.

90. Parnara agna Moore. (Ura-ichimonji-seser!).

Hesperia agna Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 791 (1865).

One male specimen (No. 257).

HESPERIDÆ. 73

The species was made by Leech a synonym of P. mathias Fabr.,

which act is probably a justifiable one.
Loc.: Taipe (4¢4(), Jnne ro.

91. Parnara narooa Moore, var. ?

Hesperia narooa Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 687, pl. xlv. fig. 4
(1878).

One female specimen (No. 254). It agrees to a certain extent
with Moore’s description and figure of /7. narooa. In the present speci-
men there are four spots forming the oblique discal series as shown in
Moore’s figure, but not five as stated by the same author. The underside
of secondaries is similarly marked as above, showing neither “a prominent
white spot at upper end of the cell” nor “a curved discal series of four
spots,” mentioned by Moore for his 77. narooa.

Loc. : Taipe (#64), July 3.

92. Hesperia sp.

One poor male specimen (No. 256), probably an aberrant form of a
certain species of the genus.

Loc.: Taipe (#4), June ro.

93. Hasora chromus Cramer. (Zirodo-seser:).

Goniloba chromus Cram., Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond, p. 777 (1865);
Hasora chromus Cram., Watson, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 128 (1893);
Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 638, pl. xxxix, fig. 7, var. (1894).

A male (No. 264) and a female specimen (No. 259).
Loc.: Taipe (#4), July 2.

94. Tagiades atticus Fabr. (S/iro-madara-seseri).

Pterygospidea menaka Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 778 (1865);
Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 573 pl. xxxviii, fig. 13 (1894).
One male specimen (No. 263).
Loc. : Shito (PUs#), July 23.

74 HESPERIDÆ.

95. Isoteinon lamprospilus Feld. (Hosobane-seser?).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 582 (1894); Pamphila lamprospilus Feld.,
Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 33, pl. x, fig. 8 (1889).
Two female specimens (No. 258).

Loc. : Taipe (4#3t), June 9, 10).

96. Notocrypta restricta Moore. (Taiwan-kuro-seseri).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 627, pl. xxxviii, fig. 3 (1894).
One male specimen (No. 261).
Loc.: Taipe (44k), June 5.

97. Rhopalocampta Benjamini Guerin. (Aoba-seseri).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 641 (1894); /smene benjamini Guér., Pryer,
Rhop. Nihon., p. 33, pl. x, fig. 4 (1889).
One female specimen (No. 266).
Loc.: Hokuho ({EHh), Sept. 22.

98. Pterygospidea folus Cram. (O-shiromon-seseri).
One male (No. 365) and a female specimen (No. 365), determined
by Prof. Matsumura.

Loc.: Taipe (#4&), July 10, Aug. 21.

99. Badamia exclamationis Fabr. (Tazrwan-aobaseseri).

One male specimen (No. 260), identified also by Prof. Matsumura.
Loc.: Taipe (44), Oct. 3.

100. Telicota bambusæ Moore ?
Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 691, pl. xiv, figs. 11, 12 (1878).
One male specimen (No. 269).
T. bambusa is very closely allied to 7. augvas L., and as I have no

typical specimen of the latter for comparison, I rather hesitate to decide

HETEROCERA. 75

which the present example belongs to. Wallace and Moore have des-
cribed 7. augias from Formosa. The possibility that their specimens
and mine are specitically identical can not be excluded.

Loc. : Taipe (€4t), Aug. 21.

HETEROCERA.
Sphingidæ.

101. Herse convolvuli L. (Zbikara-susunme).

Roths., Rev. Lep. Sphin., p. 11, (1903); Proctoparce convolvuli L., Hamp-
son, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1, p. 103 (1892).

A male (No. 208) and a female specimen (No 208).

Loc.: Taipe (&Jk), July 21.

102. Charocampa butus Cram. (Aurohoslhu-susume).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1 p. 23 (1892).
One male specimen (No 210).

Hampson has included €. c/o¢ho Drury under the synonyms of this
species. Later Rothschild and Jordan have again separated clotho from
butus (=gnoma Fabr.) in their valuable work, Rev. Lep. Sphin. (1903).
Now the present specimen shows a close resemblance to both c/o¢ho and
gnoma. Since it is impossible for me to determine which of these forms
it should properly belong to, I have here followed Hampson’s example.

Loc.: Taipe (#4), Sept. 10.

103. Chærocampa silhetensis Walk. (/ppon-sesauji-suzume).

Hampson, Fauna Biit. Ind., Moths., 1, p. 88 (1892); Theretra pinastriana
Martyn, Roths., Rev. Lep. Sphin., p. 783 (1903).

76 SPHINGIDÆ.

Two male specimens (Nos. 211, 212).

Loc.: Taipe (4£4t), Aug. 25, Sept. 10.

104. Chærocampa alecto L. (Shztabeni-suzume).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1, p, 85 (1892); Theretra alecto L.,
Roths., Rev. Lep. Sphin., p. 776 (1903).
Two male specimens (No. 209).

Loc. : Taipe (3b), Aug. 25.

105. Theretra actea Cram. (Kibane- kosusume).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, r, p. 100 (1892); Ahyncholaba acteus
Cram., Roths., Rev. Lep. Sphin., p. 789 (1903).
One male specimen (No. 213).
Loc. : Taipe (&4E), May 2.

106. Macroglossa pyrrhosticta Butl.? (Hoshi-Hojaku).

Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 242, pl. xxxvi, fig. 8 (1875); Macroslossum
pyrrhosticta Butl., Roths., Rev. Lep Sphin, p, 641, pl. 111, fig. 12
(1903).

Two male specimens (No. 215). Both too much macerated for
exact determination.

Loc.: Taipe (4¢4b), Aug. 21.

107. Cephonodes hylas L. (O-sukohiba).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1, p. 121 (1892); Roths., Rev. Lep.
Sphin., p. 467 (1903).
Two male specimens (No. 218).
Loc.: Taipe (#46), July 21, Aug. 28.

SATURNIIDÆ. WG

Saturniidæ.
108. Attacus atlas L. (Yonakuni-san).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1, p. 15, fig. 9(1892); Saturnia atlas
L., Donovan, Ins. China, p. 75, pl. 42 (1842).
One female specimen (No. 217).
Loc.: Taipe (424), July 16.

Hypsida.
109. Hypsa monycha Cram. (Shirosuji-hitori-modoki).
Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths., 1, p. 499 (1892).
One female specimen (No. 230).
Loc.: Pankyo (444%), Sept. 30.
110. Hypsa alciphron Cram, (Kashita-hitori-modoki).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1, p. 502 (1892).
One male specimen (No. 224).

Loc.: Jukirin (AB AR), Sept. 23.

111. Hypsa complana Walk. (Hoski-hitori-modok:).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1, p. 500 (1892).
A male (No, 221) and a female specimen (No. 221).
Loc.: Shizangan (#11), July 4.

Callidulidz,
112. Cleosiris catamita Geyer. (Zaiwan-rkariga).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1, p. 323 (1892).
Two specimens (No. 244).
Loc. : Kodoko (Rif HL), July 23.

78 ‘NOCTUIDAE.
Noctuidæ.

113. Ophideres salaminia Fabr. (Kin-uwaba-konoha).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 559 (1894).
A male (No. 219) and a female specimen (No. 219).
Loc. : Taipe (#4), Aug. ro.

114. Polydesma inangulata Guen. (Cha-kuchiba).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 470 (1894).
A male (No. 223) and a female specimen (No. 223).

Loc. : Taipe (44k), Sept. 30.

115. Nictipao crepuscularis L. (O-tomoe).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 461 (1894); Nietipao laetitia
Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 1, p. 291 (1878), Ill. Typ. Het. B. M.,
III, p. 26, pl. xlviii, fig. 9 (1897).

One male specimen (No. 220).
Loc.: Fushirin (aff- AR), Sept. 14.

116. Spirama retorta Clerk. (Tomoe-ga).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind, Moths, 11, p 553 (1894).

One male specimen (No. 222):

Loc. : Shabösan ($i II), July 3.

117. Trigonodes hyppasia Cram. (Sankaku-kuchıba).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 527 (1894).
One male specimen (No. 216).
Loc. : Taipe (4¢4b), Aug. 21.

AGARISTIDÆ. 79

Agaristidæ.

118. Exsula dentatrix Westw.

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 151 (1894); Cat. Lep. Phal.
B, M.; 1199. 532. (1907).

var. albomaculata, n. v. (Tariwan-toraga).

Quadrate patches of fore-wing pure white, instead of yellow as in the
typical form; the quadrate medial patch and the oblique patch below vein
2 rather smaller; a white spot in the cell near the base ; the spots beyond
the cell above veins 3, 4 and 6, larger and more elongate ; the orange-
bands of abdomen narrower. Exp. 75 mm.
| One female specimen (No. 226).

Loc.: Jukirin (FFP AR), Sept. 3.

119. Chelonomorpha formosana n. sp. (Taiwan-ko-toraga).

Allied to C. /apona Mots., especially in the markings of hind-wing.
Fore-wing with the silvery-blue spots much broader and more conspicuous ;
antemedial oblique line from costa to inner margin ; some streaks on vein
I and on median nervure ; the quadrate patches much smaller and pure
white instead of yellow. Apical patch of hind-wing also pure white. Exp.
65 mm.

One male specimen (No. 227).
Loc. : Taikokan (KE) Aug. 10.

Geometrinide.

120. Obeidia tigrata Guen. (Myomon-shakutori).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 111, p. 309 (1895).
One male specimen (No. 228).
Loc. : Sankaku-yu (= fj), Sept. 27.

80 ARCTIADA,

121. Eumelia rosalia Cram. (Beni-hoshi-shaku).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind, Moths, 111, p. 320 (1895).
Two male specimens (No. 245).
Loc.: Ködokö (ht), July 24; Sekijö (fame), Sept. 13.
125. Undeterminable. Probably new genus (No. 229.)

Arctiadæ.

122. Diacrisia obliqua Walk. (Hara-aka-hitori).

Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., 111. p. 289 (1901); S?rlarctia ione Butl.,
Ill. Typ. Het. B.M., 111, p. 6, pl. xlii, fig. 6 (1870); Spilarctia molli
cula Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xx, p. 395 (1877); Ill. Typ. Het.
B.M., tri, p. 6, pk. xlii. figs. 7 (1879); Spilosoma mandarina Moore,
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xx. p. 88 (1877).

One female specimen (No. 243).

Loc. : Sözan (Baylj), July rr.

123. Deilemera carissima Swinh. (Clamon-shiroga).

Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 477; pl. 19, fig. 1 (1891); Hampson, Fauna
Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 46 (1894).
One female spceimen (No. 251).
Loc.: Taipe (4£4k), July 20.

124. Nicea formosana n. sp. (Krboshi-hitori).

Palpi brown; middle of frons and tegulæ* with bluish-black spots ;
patagiaf black; abdomen orange-yellow with broad dorsal black bands ;
black lateral and ventral spots present. Fore-wing black suffused with
purple ; below costa, four small yellow spots, of which the second one is
largest and of quadrate form; a quadrate yellow patch near the end of cell;

four triangular yellow spots above vein 1; three obliquely placed post-

* | I here follow Hampson’s usage of the terms.

SYNIOMIDE. SI

medial spots of the same colour; small, likewise yellow, points beyond the
cell above veins 4, 5, 6, and 7. Hind-wing orange-yellow with purplish
black markings ; three black spots below costa near base ; a large discoidal
black lunule ; an irregular large and black spot at the middle of inner
margin ; beyond the lower angle three black spots of which the middle one
is smallest and triangular in shape ; above these two small somewhat elon-
gate black spots; upper angle black; three yellow spots within, connected
with the discoidal lunule. Markings of underside for the most part similar.
Exp. 92 mm.

One female specimen (No. 225).

: Jukirin (FFE), Sept. 23

125. Lælia sp.

A bad male specimen (No. 252).
Loc. : Nanko (fA #§), Oct. 1

Syntomidæ.
126. Syntomis perizanthia Hamp. (AYsuyi-tarvan-kanoko).

Cam ep. PhasB M:, "1, p..07, pl. 111, fig: 17 (1808):
A male (No. 231) and a female specimen (No. 231).

c.: Sekijo (Ag), Sept 13.

127. Syntomis taiwana, n. sp. (Zaiwan-hime-kanoko).

Allied to S. cyssea Stoll, but the hyaline spots of fore-wing much larger.
A few white cilia below apex Hind-wing with conjoined hyaline spots as
in S. fortunei De l’Orza, instead of two separate spots. Exp. 31 mm.
A female specimen (No. 232).
Loc.: Shabosan (pip py), Aug. 10.

82 ZYGENIDE.

Zygænidæ.

127. Heterusia ædea L. (Okinawa-rurichirashi).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1, p. 262 (1892).
One female specimen (No. 247).
Loc.: Hokuho (4b J#)), Sept. 28.

128. Heterusia sp.

One male specimen (No 248), near 77. datzvitta Moore.
Loc, : Taipe (44), Oct. 9.

129. Chalcosia thallo L. (Rurimon-hotaruga).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths 1, p, 267 (1892). Callimorpha? thallo
L., Donovan., Ins. China, p. 73, pl. 41, fig. 2 (1842).
A female specimen (No. 249).
Loc.: Taikokan (KPH), July 19.

130. Pidorus glaucopis Drury. (Hotaruga).

Hampson, Hauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1, p. 255 (1892); Prdorus atratus
Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) vol xx p. 401 (1877); Ill. Typ. Het.
B.M., p. 9, pl. xxiii, fig. 9 (1878).

A male (No. 250) and a female specimen (No. 250).
Loc.: Hokuto (JE), July 20.

Die Cicadinen Japans,
Von
Dr. S. Matsumura.

Die kleinen Cicadinen, die zu den schädlichsten Insekten Japans
gehören, richten Jahr für Jahr unter den Reispflanzen viel Schaden an.
Die Verheerungen dieses Insektes waren in Japan sehr oft die Veranlas-
sung zu entsetzlicher Hungersnot, wie das schon etwa 18mal in der
japanischen Geschichte geschildert worden ist. Wie intensiv das durch
solche Hungers-perioden entstandenen Elend war, ersicht man daraus, dass
die Regierung nicht selten die Ackerbauer, in solchen Fällen von der
Zahlung der Grundsteuer befreit. “ Unka,” der in Japan für die Cicadinen
beim Volke gebräuchliche Name ist, ist ein sehr übel berüchtiges Wort,
das Wolke oder Nebel bedeutet, denn sie kommen manchmal in so kolos-
saler Menge vor, das die im Fliegen die Sonne ganz verdecken können,
ähnlich wie das auch von den Wanderheuschrecken gilt. In Japan heisst
man sie auch Fujinshi, da sie sich durch die Masse aufgeblassenem Staube
etwas ähneln. Im Jahre 1897, wo die Cicadinen in Japan wieder einmal
als grosse Landpflage auftraten, wurde nicht weniger als ein Drittel oder
die Hälfte der Reisfelder ganz ruiniert. Der Verlust wurde damals von
unser Regierung auf etwa 70,000,000 yen geschätzt, eine Schätzung, die
jedoch den wirklichen Schaden bei weitem nicht erreicht. An Vertilg-
ungsmitteln verwendete man damals etwa über 250,000 Kannen Petroleum,
so wie auch grosse Menge anderer Insektenvertilgungsmittel, alles in
allem etwa im Gesamtbetrage von nicht weniger als 5,000,000 yer. Im
Jahre 1899 sah sich die japanische Regierung genötigt, einige der Prä-
fektur Tokushima unterstellte, durch das Gesetz No. 24 von der Zahlung

der Grundsteuer zu befreien. Im Jahre 1901 lagen unserm Reichstage

84 S. MATSUMURA.

viele Vorschlage und Petionen vor, in Befreiung von der Grundsteuer
einkam; von diesen bezugen sich besonders diejenigen der Prafektur
Kyoto und Miyazaki auf Cicadinen. So spielen die Cicadinen bei uns für
den Ackerbau eine sehr übele Rolle, trotzdem sind sie bis jetzt leider
weder von einheimischen noch auslandischen Entomologen eingehend
behandelt und untersucht worden. Drei Mitteilungen sind in den Jahren
1897 und 1899 von Herrn Prof. C. Sasaki, Professor an der landwirth-
schaftlichen Hochschule zu Tokio, in der von dem zoologischen Verein zu
Tokio herausgegebenen Monatschrift der Zoologie “ Dobutsugaku-zasshi ”
(Vol. IX, No. 108, 1897; Vol. XI, No. 125, u. 128, 1899) über einige
japanischen Cicadinen veröffentlicht. In No. 128 beschreibt er—ohne
lateinische Namen—13 den Reispflanzen schädlichen Cicadinen, und giebt
eine cololierte Tafel dazu. Von diesen ı3 Arten sind aber nur folgenden

o wieder erkennen.

Fig. 1.a.b. Nephotettex apicalis Motsch. var. cincticeps Uhl.
Big. 2: Deltoccphalus dorsalis Motsch.

hicea Cicadula Masatonis Mats.

Hig. 4: Cicadula fasciifrons Stal.

Fig. 5.? Typholocyba limbata Mats.

Fig 06 Deltocephalus striatus L.

Fig. 7.? Deltocephalus Oryzae Mats.

er
oA

7

8.? Empoasca flavescens Fall.

Pigs: Delphax striatella Fall. (F. macropt.)
9 Delphax furcifera Horv.

Fig. 11.a.b.? Delphax striatella Fall. (F. brachypt.)

Fig: ro:

Fig. Nisia atronervosa Leth.
Fig. 13. Oliarus apicalis Uhl.

Im Jahre 1809 schreibt er ferner ebenfalls in japanischer Sprache über
“Die dem Ackerbau schädlichen Insekten Japans” und giebt auch
Figuren zu den Cicadinen, deren wissenschaftlichen Namen er uns leider
grosstenteils vorenthält. Durch die Figuren und Beschreibungen sind
folgende unbestimmte Arten erkennen.

Fig. 83. Seite 144=Delphax furcifera Horv.

A OVE
. 88.
. 30%
g. 90.

DIE CICADINEN JAPANS. 85

Seite 150= Cicadula fasciifrons Stal.
» 152=7yfhrocyba limbata Mats.
„ 154=Nisia atronervosa Leth.
„ 155= 9 0liarus apicalis Uhl.
» 157=Delphax striatella Fali. (F. macropt )
„ 158=Delphax striatella Fall. (F. brachypt.)

Herr U. Nawa, Assistent am Nawas Entomologischen Laboratorium zu

Gifu, hat im Jahre 1897-99 einige japanischen Cicadinen in der von Herrn

Y. Nawa herausgegebenen Monatschriften “ Konchu-sekai” veröffentlicht.

Die Beschreibungen sind ziemlich genau, jedoch fehlen auch hier leider

meistens die lateinischen Namen und die Angabe der wichtigsten
. «Charaktere.

Die

Beiträge zur kenntniss des japanischen Cicadinen von

demselben Verfasser (l.c. Vol. I, S. 19, 94, 130, 1897 ; Vol. II, S. 12, 1898)

enthälten 9 Arten, unter denen Platypleura Kaempferi F. irrthümlich als

P. repanda L. und Cicada flammata Dist. nur als Cicada sp. ? aufgeführt
In Vol. II, III und IV giebt er Abbildungen von folgenden von

ihm beschriebenen japanischen Fulgoriden :

werden.

Mol:

Vol. III

=.

mn

327. Dictyophora inscripta Wk.= D. sinica Wk.
367. Otiocerus flexuosus Uhl.
367. Gn.? sp.?=Otiocerus sapporensis Mats.
368. Diostrombus politus Uhl.
411. Gn.? sp.?=Thracia Kuwayamae Mats.
412. Gn.? sp. ?=Thracia sp.
413. Gu.f sp. ?=Thracia sp.
455. Orthopagus lunulifer Uhl.= Anagnia splendens Germ.
456. Gn.? sp.?=Chodon vittatus Mats.
10. Myndus apicalis Uhl.=Olzarus,
It. Cixius subnubilus Uhl.=Oliarus.
49. Ger. ? sp.?=Cirius flaviceps Mats,
AG. Gi. ? sp.?=Cixius Sp.
92. Gn.? sp.?=Cixius sp.
121. PL IV, fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 Ricania episcopalis Wk.= RK.

japonica Melich.

86 S. MATSUMURA.

Vol. III. S. 122. PL IV, fig. 5, 6, 7,8 Ricania albomaculata Uhl.
S. 123. PL IV, fig. 9, 10, 11, 12 Rıania sp'=Ritacniate
Stal.
S. 123. ‘El. TV; fg. 17,08, 10, 207Gn.? spie nie
fascialis Wk.
S. 124. PI. IV, fig. 21, 22, 23, 24 Pocciloptera distinctissima
Wk.= Geisha.
S. 125. PL IV. fig. 13, 14, 15, 16 Gu. ? sp.?= Mimophantia
maritima Mats.
. 248. Cotylcceps marmorata Uhl.
Vol-IV. 84. PI. III, fig. 1, 2, 3 Gn.? sp?=Rhotala Niijimae Mats,

S

S

S. 84. PI. III fig. 4, 5, 6 Gu.? sp.?= Rhotala Nawae Mats.

S. 85. PI. Ill, fig. 7, 8 Delphax sp.=Stenocranus breviceps
Mats.

S. 85. PL III, fig. 9, 10 Gu. ? sp. ?= Chodon obligua Mats.
S. 86. PL III, fig. 11, 12, 13 Gu.? sp? = Rhotala vittata Mats.
S. 87. PL Ill, fig. 14, 15, 16 Gn ? sp.=? Meenoplus sp.

S. 87. PI. III, fig. 17, 18, 19 Catonidia sobrina Uhl.

Im Jahre 1899 hat Herr S. Onuk', Entomologe an der Versuchs-Station
zu Tokio, in “ Konchu-sekai” Vol. III, 41-45 mit einer Tafel, die den
Reispflanzen schädlichen Cicadinen der Gegend von Kumamoto veröffent-
licht, wobei es sich, nach den Figuren zu urteilen, um die folgenden

C:cadinen handelt.

Pl. II. Fig. 1, s. 42.? Delphax Oryzae Mats.
Fig. 2, s. 42. Delphax furcifera Horv.
Fig. 3, s. 43.? Delphax striatella Fall.
Fig. 4, s. 43. Nephotettix apicalis Motsch. var. cincticeps UNÌ.
Fig. 5, s. 43. Deltocephalus dorsalis Motsch.
Fig. 6, s. 43.? Deltocephalus striatus L.
Fig. 7, s. 43.? Cicadula fasciifrons Sal.
Fig. 8, s. 44.? Eimpoasca flavescens F.

Fig. 9, s. 44. Gnathodus punctatus Fall.

DIE CICADINEN JAPANS. 87

PI. II. Fig. 10, s 44. Zyphlocyba limbata Mats.
Fi
Fig. 1285245. Triosa sp.

g 11,8. 44. Tettigonia viridis L.

In meinem im Jahr 1898 in der japanischen Sprache verfassten
Buch “ Nippon-konchu-gaku” erwähnte ich darin 33 zumeist wissen-
schaftlich bestimmte Cicadinen, mit kurzen Angaben über Lebensweise
und Charaktere.

Im Jahre 1899 habe ich ferner ein Buch, “ Die schädlichen Insekten
Japans ’' veröffentlicht, welches 19 schädliche Cicadinen enthält.

So viel über die Geschichte der japanischen Homopterologie in
unserer Sprache! Da die Kenntniss der japanischen Cicadinen bis jetzt
ziemlich mangelhaft war, so habe ich alle systematisch zweifelhaften
Cicadinen Japans zum Vergleich mit den europäischen Typen nach Europa
mitgenommen. Während meines drei jährigen Aufenthaltes dort in
Europa, unterstützt durch die freundlichsten Rathschlage der Herren Dr.
G. Horväth in Budapest, Dr. L. Melichar und A. Handlirsch in Wien,
Prof. F. Karsch und Dr. Th. Kuhlgatz in Berlin, denen hiermit meinen
verbindlichsten Dank auspreche, habe ich mich dem Studium der
Cicadinen Japans eingehend beschäftigt. Unter zahlreichen neuen Arten
habe ich schon einige Fulgoriden, Jassinen und Cercopiden Japans
veröffentlicht, die Tettigoninen, Bythoscopinen, Acocephalinen, Typhlocy-
binen, Ledrinen und Membraciden waren jedoch noch unberührt geglieben.
Die Cicadinen Japans sind den europäischen überhaupt recht ähnlich, aber
nur wenige sind mit ihnen vollkommen identisch. Die identischen Arten
sind folgenden:

I. Empoasca flavescens Fabr.

Eupteryx concinna Germ.
Eupterya pulchella Fall.
Empoasca smaragdula Fall.
Gnathodus punctatus Thunb.
Cicadula fasciifrons Stal.
Cicadula 6-notata Fall.

.? Cicadula septemnotata Fall.

NI Au Fw N

88 Ss. MATSUMURA.

o. Thamnotettix fenestratus H. S.
10. Thamnotettix cyclops Muls.
11. Thamnotettix 4-notatus F.
12. Thamnotettix subfusculus Fall.
13. Thamnotettix sulphurellus Zett.
14. Athysanus striatulus Fall.
15. Athysanus striola Fall.
16. Deltocephalus striatus IL.
17. Tettigonia viridis L.
18. Zettigonia semiglauca Leth.
19. Tettigonia ferruginea F.
20. Fuacanthus interruptus L.
21. Zuacanthus acuminatus F.
22. Penthimia nitida Leth.
23. Bythoscopus rufusculus Fieb.
24. Pediopsis virescens F.
25. Gargara Genistae F.
26. Tricentrus sibiricus Leth.
27. Lepyronia coleoptrata L.
28. Aphrophora Alni Fall.
29. Ptyelus spumarius L.
30. Araeopus pulchellus Curt.
31. Delphax pellucida F.
32. Delphax propinqua Fieb.
33. Delphax striatella Fall.
34. Delphax furcifera Horv.

Von diesen Arten sind Cicadula 6-notata und Deltocephalus striatus
so wohl in Japan wie auch in Europa sehr häufig. Die beiden sind in
Europa auf den Getreidfeldern sehr schädlich. Ferner sollen Zrnpoasa
Solani Koll und Z. favescens F. angeblich den Kartoffelpflanzen sehr
schädlich werden können. Im übrigen spielen die Cicadinen in der Land-
wirthschaft Europas keine nennenswerte Rolle, weil hier diejenige Pflanze,

welche die Cicadinen hauptsächlich bevorzugen, nämlich den Reis nur

DIE CICADINEN JAPANS. 89

wenig kultiviert wird Die mir bis jetzt bekannten, den Reispflanzen
schädlichen Cicadinen Japans sind folgenden:

I. Empoasca flavescens Fall.

2: sa subrufa Motsch.

3. Typhlocyba (Zygina) limbata Mats.

4. 5 » maculifrons Motsch.
5. Gnathodus viridis Mats.

©. È punctatus Thunb.

7% = levis Melich.

8. Cicadula 6-notata Fall.

9. É fasciifrons Stal.
10. 2 Masatonis Mats.

ti. Deltocephalus striatus L.

R2- 3 Oryzae Mats.
n3- Pr latifrons Mats.
14. er Tritict Mats.

15. Thamnotettix dorsalis Motsch.
16. 5 Tobae Mats.

17. Athysanus striola Fall.

18. 5 fusconervosus Motsch.
19. 5 albonervosus Mats.
20. Nephotettix apicalis Motsch.

21. Tettigonia viridis L.

DA si albida Wk.

23. Lepyronia coleoptrata L. var. grossa Uhl.
24. Delphax furcifera Horv.

25: 35 striatella Fall.

26. i Oryzae Mats.

27. Oxycranus procerus Mats.

28. Nisia atronervosa Leth.

29. Diostrombus politus Uhl.

30. Oliarus apicalis Uhl.

31. Anagnia splendens Wk.

90 S, MATSUMURA.

32 Dictyophora sinica Wk.

33 i Tengi Mats.

Unter diesen Arten sind Cicadula 6-notata, C. fasciifrons, Delphax
furcifera, D, striatella, D. Oryzae, Deltocephalus dorsalis und Nephotettix
apicalis var. am schädlichesten. Wie in Indien Zdiocerus clypeatus Leth.,
I. niveosparsus Leth. und /. Atkinsoni Leth. für den Mangostanebau
(Mangifera indica) eine sehr arge Rolle spielen, so bewirken die anderen
Cicadinen wie Geisha distinctissima, Ricania japonica, Tettigonia viridis,
T. ferruginea, Enacanthus guttiger unter den Maulbeerpflanzen in Japan
viel Kummer. In West-Indien richten Delphax saccharivora West. und
in Ost-Indien Dicranotropis devastans Bred. in den Zückerrohrpflanz-
enkulturen viel Verheelungen an und in Japan ist De/phax furcifera
Horv. das schädlichste Reis-Insekt. Die Lebensweise dieser schädlichen
Cicadinen sind uns weit besser bekannt als ihre Systematik, da sie von
unseren landwirthschaftlichen Versuchs-Stationen fortwahrend beobachtet

und studirt worden sind.

Die vorliegende Arbeit will ich nur auf die Systematik beschränken,
während die Lebensweise dieser Insekten erst später behandelt werden

soll.

Literatur über die japanischen Cicadinen.

Atkinson, E.—Note on Indian Rhynchota. (Joun. Asiat. Soc. Bengal,
P. 128-158, 1885; P. 12-34, 1886).
Breddin, S.—Hemiptera gesammelt von Prof. Kühenthal in malayischen
Archipelago (Senkenberg, Natur. Gesell. B. XXV,
Heft. a),

Burmeister, H.—Genera Insectorum, Vol. I.: Rhynchota, Berlin, 1838.
S —Handbuch der Entomologie B. II, Berlin, 1835.

DIE CICADINEN JAPANS. 91

Butler, A. G.—List of Species of Homopterous Genus //emisphaertus,
with Descriptions of new Forms in the Collection of
British Museum (A. M. N. H. Lond. XIV, P. 98, 1875).

Distant, W. L.—Monograph of the oriental Cicadidae. Calcutta, 1888-92.
hi —Contribution to a knowledge of Homoptera Fam. Ful-
goridae (Tr. ent. Soc. Lond. P. 275-286, Pl. XIII,
1892).
5 — Rhynchotal Notes (A. M. N. H. P. 330-31, 1904).

Fabricius, J. Ch-—Systema Rhyngotorum, Brunsvigae, 1803.

Gerstäcker, A.— Ueber einige bemerkenswerthe Fulgoriden der Greisw.
Zool. Sammlungen. (Mitt. des Nat. Ver. Vorpom.
B. a7 p. 1-50, 1895).
Horväth, G.—Hemiptera nonnulla nova Asiatica. (Term. Fiizet.,
Budapest, Vol. XV. P. 134-137, 1892).
sa — Hemipteräk (Gröf Széchenyi Bela Keletäzsi utazasanak
tudomänyos eredményei, P. 694-698, 1892).
n —Hemipterés de l'ile de Yesso, Japon (Term. Füzet.
Budapest, P. 365-374, 1899).

Kirby, B M.— Catalogue of the described Hemiptera of Ceylon (Journ.
Lin. Soc. Lond. P. 132-158, 1891).

Lethierry, L. —Homopteres nouveaux d’Europe et des contrées voisines
(Ann. de !e Soc. ent. Belgique, 1876).
Matsumura, S.—A Summary of japanese Cicadidae with Description of
a new Species (Ann. Zool. Jap. Vol. II, P. 1-20,
1898).
î —Uebersicht der Fulgoriden Japans (Ent. Nach. Berlin,
XXVI, P. 205-213; P. 257-270, 1900).
59 —Monographie der Jassinen Japans (Termés, Füzet.
Budapest, P. 353-404, 1902).
> — Monographie der Cercopiden Japans (Journ. Sap. Agr’l.
Coll., Sapporo, P, 15-52, 1903)

= —Additamenta zur Monographie der Cercopiden Japans

92 S. MATSUMURA.

mit d. Beschr. einer neuen Cicada-Art (Ann. Zool. Jap.
Tokio, Vol. V, P. 31-55, 1904).
Matsumura, S.—Die Hemipteren Fauna von Riukiu (Okinawa) (Tr. Sap.
N. H. Soc. Sapporo, Vol. I, P. 15-38, 1905)
Melichar, L.—Monographie der Ricaniden (Ann. des K.K. Nat.
Hofmus., Wien, B. XIII, Heft 2-3, 1898).
i —Monographie der Acanaloniiden und Flattiden (Ann.
des K. K. Nat. Hofmus. B. XVII, 1902).
n —Homopteren-Fauna von Ceylon, Berlin, 1903.
Motchulskyi, V.—Insectes des Indes orientales (Etud. ent. P. 108-115,
1859).
> —Insectes du Japon (Etud -ent. P. 3-24, 1861).
D —Essai d'un Catalogue des Insectes de l'île Ceylan (Bull.
Mosc. XXXVI, P. 94-113, 1863).
Signoret, V.—Revue iconographie des Tettigonides (Ann. Soc. ent.
France, IX, X, 1853-55).
n — Essai sur les Jassides (Ann, Soc. ent. France, P. 259-
280, 1879; P. 347-366, 1889).
Spinola, M.—Essai sur les Fulgorelles (Ann. Soc. ent. France, P.
133-454, 1839).
Stal, C.—Hemiptera Fabriciana, Holm, 1868-9.
» —Hemiptera insularum philippinarum (Ofv. K. V.-K.
Förh P. 707-76, 1870).
»—Beitrag zur Hemipteren-Fauna Sibiriens (Stett. ent.
Zeit. XIX, 1858).
» —Fregatten Eugenies Resa. Zool. I, Insecta P. 270-283,
1859.
, —Synonymiska och systematiska anteckningar öfver
Hemipt. (Ofv. K. V.-K. Fôrh B. XIX, P. 489-504,
1862).
Uhler, P.—Summary of the Hemiptera of Japan (Proc. N. Mus.
U.S. P. 276-297, 1896).

DIE CICADINEN JAPANS. 93

Walker, F.—List of the Specimens of Homop. Ins. in the Collection
of the B. M., with Suppl. 1850-58.
> —Catalogue of the Homopt. Ins. collected at Singapore
and Malacca by Wallace (Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool.
P. 82-100, 1858).
* —Catalogue of the Homopt. Ins. collected at Sarawak,
Borneo by Wallace (Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool. Vol. I,
P. 141-175, 1868).
5) —Catalogue of the Hompt. Ins. collected in the Indian
Archipelago by Wallace (1. c. P. 82-93, 1868).
Westwood, J. o.—On the Fam. Fulgoridae with a Monograph of the
Genus Fulgora (Tr. Linn. Soc. Zool. P. 133-153,
1841).
—Observation on the several Homopt. Ins. belonging to
various Subgen. of Derbe of Fabricius (Journ. Linn. Soc.
Zool. P. 19-22, 1841).
White, F. B.—Description of a new Genus and some other new
Species of Homopt. Ins. from the East (A. M. N. H.
P. 34-37, 1845).

Homoptera
Fam. Cicadidae
Subf. Cicadinae.

Gen. Platypleura Am. et Serv.
Hist. des Hém. P. 465 (1843). Oxypleura Am. et Serv. P. 469 (1843).

Platypleura repanda L.

Cicada repanda L., Syst. Nat. P. 707 (1767).

Platyleura phalaenoides Wk., List. Hom. I. P. 4 (1850).

Platyleura interna Wk., List. Hom. IV. P. 1119 (1852).
Hab.—Kiushu (Kumamoto), Riukiu, Formosa; China, Malay, Ind.
Platypleura Kaempferi F.

Tettigonia Kaempferi F., Ent. Syst. IV, P. 23 (1794).

Platypleura hyalino-limbata Sign., Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. P. LXII (1881).

Platypleura fuscangulis Butl., Cist. Ent. I. P. 189 (1874).

Hab.— Ganz Japan ; China.

Gen. Graptopsaltria Stal.
Hem. Afr .Vol. IV. P. 3 (1866).
Graptopsaltria colorata Stal.

Graptopsaltria colorata Stal, Berl. ent. Zeit. X. P. 169 (1866).
Hab.—Ganz Japan (häufig).

Gen. Tosena Am. et Serv.
Am. et Serv., Hist. H&m. P. 462 (1843).
Tosena Siebohmi Dist.
Tosena Siebohmi Dist., A.M.N.H. P. 301 (1904).
Hab.—Formosa.

Gen. Leptopsaltria Stal.
Hem. Afr. IV. P. 5 (1866).
Leptopsaltria toberosa Sign.
Cicada tuberosa Sign., Ann. Soc. ent. Fı. V. P. 299 (1847).
Hab.—Honshu, Kiushu, Riukiu ; Java, Indien.

DIE CICADINEN JAPANS. 95

6. Leptopsaltria apicalis n. sp.

Der Form und der Zeichnung nach der Z. /uberosa Sign. ähnlich, diese

weicht aber wie folgends ab:

Ti

7%

d Körper viel breiter, nämlich Körperlänge 25 mm., Breite des
Pronotums 9 mm., dagegen bei der Z. tuberosa 27 mm. lang und
8 mm. breit ist.

Stirnwulst fast kugelig, stark hervorragend, ohne schwarzen Längs-
flecken.

Mesonotum an den Seiten je mit einem schwarzen Flecke, vor dem
Schildkreuz mit 4 kleinen schwarzen Flecken.

Abdomen an der Basis des Rückensegmentes schwärzlichbraun ; auf
den zweiten und dritten Bauchsegmenten je mit zwei langen an der
Spitze leicht verbräunten Tuberkeln.

Operculum grösser, an der Aussenseite fast quadratisch, und schmal
bräunlich gesäumt.

Auf dem Vorderflügel, der erste, der zweite und der dritte Quer-
nerv schwärzlich gefleckt, die Endnerven nahe an der Spitze je
mit bräunlichen Flecken, der Ra:dmal citronengelb.

Beine viel länger, nahe an der Schenkelspitze mit einem kleinen

bräunlichen Längsflecke wie bei L. /uberosa.

Lange—bis zür Spitze der Elytren £ 48 mm. £ 40 mm.

Hab.—Formosa (Koshun und Hoppo), nicht selten und singt wie bei

L. tuberosa.

7. Leptopsaltria japonica Horv.

Leptopsaltria japonica Horv., Hemipteräk, P. 698 (1892).

Pomponia japonensis Dist., Monog. Orient. Cic. P. 102 (1892).

Hab.—Honshu, Shikoku, Kiushu.

8. Leptopsaltria taipinensis n. sp.

Der Form und der Zeichnung nach der ZL. japonica Horv. sehr

ähnlich, man unterscheidet sich jedoch in folgenden Charakteren,

I.

Die Zeichnungen des Mesonotums braun, während bei L. japonica
immer schwärzlich ist; die zwei mittleren. Flecke schmal kolben-

formig, am Hinterrande ein wenig ausgedehnt braunlich.

96

S. MATSUMURA.

2. Operculum viel schmiiler, an der Spitze schmal abgerundet.

Die Tuberkeln des zweiten Bauchsegmentes viel grösser und

bräunlich gefärbt.

4. Die Quernerven des Vorderflügels länger und etwas heller gefärbt.

. Die Stimme des Männchen ist ganz anders.
Länge— J 50 mm., £ 46 mm. (bis zur Spitze der Etytren).
Hab.—Formosa (Taipin bei Hoppo). Diese Art ist häufig Anfang

August auf dem Berge Taipin, sie lässt sich jedoch noch nicht bei

anderen Gegegenden von Formosa fangen.

9.

Leptopsaltria hoppoensis n. sp.

Diese :ahnelt sich auch der vorigen Art, in der Detail jedoch ist

sie ganz anders. Die wichtigsten Unterscheidungs-Bemerkmale sind wie

folgends :

IO.

I. Stirnwulst in der Mitte bräunlich, an der oberen Spitze einen ovalen

Hellfleck umschliessend.

N

Der mittlere Pronotalstreif sehr schmal, welcher von breiteren

schwarzlichen Längsflecken umfasst wird.

3. Der Mesonotalfleck meistens M-förmig, während bei Z. zZaipinensıs
schmal kolbenförmig ist.

4. Operculum fast halbkreisförmig und kurz.

5. Die Tuberkel des zweiten Bauchsegmentes klein und niedrig, nicht
gebräunt.

6. Der erstere und der zweite Quernerv so wie auch die Zwischen-
strecke zwischen den erwähnten zwei Quernerven hellbräunlich,
der dritte Quernerv in der Mitte mit einem bräunlichen Fleckchen.

Lange— 45 mm, (bis zur Spitze der Elytren).

Hab.

K. Watanabe und er hat mir freundlichst überreicht.

Leptopsaltria Watanabei n. sp.

Formosa (Hoppo), gesammelt in drei Exemplare von Herrn

2. Körper gelblicholivengrün. Scheitel breiter als lang, mit drei

grossen bräunlichen Flecken ; Augen gross und stark vorragend. Stirn-

wult oval, in der Mitte und an der Basis pechschwarz ; im oberen Theile

mit 6 schwarzen seitlichen Querstreifen, in der Mitte einen hellen Längs-

DIE CICADINEN JAPANS 97

fleck einschliessend. Antennen schmutziggelb, an der Basis bräunlich,
Pronotum am Vorderrande und ein Liingsfleck in der Mitte tiefschwarz,
der letztere in der Mitte mit einer schmalen gelblichen Längslinie.
Mesonotum an der Basis mit einen schwarzen viereckigen Fleck, welcher
in der Mitte mit zwei schmalen und an Basis mit zwei gelblichen Flecken
versehen, an den Seiten der Länge nach befinden sich zerstreuten schwärz-
lichen Flecken. Abdomen in der Mitte am Rücken bräunlich, an den
Seiten mit zahlreichen silberschimmernden weissen Härchen. Vorder-
flügel mehr als zweimal so lang wie das Abdomen; die Nerven teils
weisslich, teils olivengrün und teils schwarzlich, Randmal weisslich.
Beine etwas heller als die Körperfarbe, Schenkel und Tarsen an der
Spitze, Tibien an den beiden Enden schwarz, die Basis der vordern und
mittlern, so wie auch die ganzen Hintertarsen citronengelb.

Länge— 29 mm. ; bis zur Spitze der Elytren 50 mm.

Hab.—Formosa (Hoppo)

Diese sonderbare Leptopsaltria-Art, welche keinen andern Aehnlich-
keit hat, wurde von einem Sammeler von Herrn K. Watanabe zu Hoppo
gefangen. Es weicht wohl von andern Leptopsaltria-Arten durch grosse

hervorragende Augen ab. Es fehlt aber an Männchen.

Gen. Cosmopsaltria Stäl.

Stäl, Hem. Afr. IV. P. 5 (1866).

11. Cosmopsaltria bivocalis n. sp.

Der Form und der Zeichnung nach der indischen Art C. favida Guér.
ähnlich (Dist. Monog. P. 52, Tab. V. fig. 15, 15%, 15°.), die Unterscheid-
ungs-Bemerkmale sind jodoch wie folgends :

I. Scheitel länger und noch spitziger, einfärbig hellolivengelb, nur

die Region der Ocellen bräunlich.

2. Pronotum in der Mitte der Lange nach mit einem schmalen

braunen Ringsfleck, welcher nahe an der Basis verjingt ist.

3. Mesonotum am Rande mit weissen Pulver zerstreut, in der Mitte

7.

S. MATSUMURA.

mit einer schwarzen Langsbinde, welche nach hinten zu verbreitert
ist, die übrigen Flecken wei bei C. favida.

Elytren hyalin, gegen die Spitze hin ein wenig verbräunt, den
Quernerven entlang hellbräunlich, von welchen der dritte und
der vierte Quernerv nur in der Mitte bräunlich gefleckt, übrigens
wie bei C. favida.

Abdominalriicken mit zwei breiten weissen Pulverbinden, die eine
an der Basis und die andere in der Mitte, von welchen die erstere
in der Mitte unterbrochen ist.

Operculum wie bei € AZavida, jedoch viel schmäler, so dass in
der Mitte so weit entfernt einander wie der Kurzdiameter des
Operculums.

Körper und Beine einfärbig schmutziggelb.

Länge—d 59 mm., 2 42 mm.; bis zur Spitze der Elytren £ 2

65 mm.

Hab.— Formosa (Garambi und Kankau bei Koshun), gesammelt am

6. Juli, in zahlreichen Exemplaren vom Autor.

Sie singt ganz eigentümlich, nämlich mit zweierlei Stimmen wie Sha Sha

in gleicher Zeit Moko Sue ; sie sitzen gern unter Pandanus-

Gebuschen, so dass mit Netz sie zu fangen ziemlich schwer ist.

ı2. Cosmopsaltria kareisana n. sp.

Der Form und der Zeichnung nach der indischen Art. C. saturata

Wk. (Dist. Monog, P. 60 Tab. V, fig. 17) sehr ähnlich, es weicht aber

in folgenden Charakteren ab.

RT,

2

LoS)

Scheitel mit drei schwärzlichen Flecken.

Stirn in der Mitte mit einem schwarzen, oben gegabelten Längs-
fleck, welcher im oben einen ovalen Hellfleck einschliessend, an
den Seiten mit etwa 7 schwärzlichen Querstreifen.

Elytren glashell, die Nerven an der Basalhälfte gelblich, an der
Sitze braunlich, auf dem Quernerven je mi teinem hellbräunlichen
Fleck.

Abdomen oben schwarz, an den Seiten gegen die Wurzel hin mit

18

14.

TE:

DIE CICADINEN JAPANS. 99

silberweissen Harchen; unten schmutziggelb, die zwei Apical-
segmenten schwarzlich.
5. Operculm lang, etwa 4 kürzer als das Abdomen, gegen die Wurzel

zu verschmälert, an der Spitze schmal abgerundet.

6. Beine wie bei Grundfarbe, die Schenkel und Tibien mit schwärz-

lichen Flecken und Längslinien; Vorder- und Mittel-Tarsen
schwärzlich.

7. 2 An der Basis des Abdominalriickens mit einem gelblichen
Fleck, Abdomen oben mit weisslichen kurzen Härchen, unten
hellgrünlichgelb, in der Mitte mit drei bräunlichen Flecken.

Linge—g 2 45 mm.; bis zur Spitze der Elytren £ 62 mm,
2 68 mm.

Hab.—Formosa (Karésan bei Hoppo), gesammelt am 8. August in
zwei Exemplaren, von denen die eine von Herrn T. Kawakami
gesammelt.

Cosmopsaltria ogasawarensis Mats.

Cosmopsaltria ogasawarensis Mats., Tr. Sap. N. H. Soc. Sapporo, Vol. I. P. 29 (1905).

Hab.—Ogasawarajima (Bonin Insel).

Cosmopsaltria oshimensis Mats.

Cosmopsaltria oshimensis Mats., Tr. Sap. N. H. Soc. Sapporo, Vol. I. P. 30 (1905).

Hab.—Oshima (Amami), Kigaigashima.

Cosmopsaltria opalifera Wk.

Dundubia opalifera Wk., List. Hom. B. M. I. P. 56 (1850).
Hab.—Hok., Honshu, Shikoku, Kiushu, Riukiu, Formosa, Hachijo-

jima ; Corea.

Gen. Pomponia Stal.
» Stal, Hem. Afr. Vol. IV. P. (1866).

16. Pomponia fusca Oliv.

Cicada fusca Oliv., Enc. Méth. V. P. 749 (1790).

Dundubia linearis Wk., List. Hom. B, M. I. P. 48 (1850).
Dundubia cinctimanus Wk., List. Hom. B. M.I. P. 49 (1850).
Dundubia ramifera Wk., List. Hom. B. M. I. P. 53 (1850).
Dundubia urania Wk., List. Hom. B. M. I. P. 64 (1850).

TOO S. MATSUMURA.

‘ Hab:—Formosa (häufig) ; Philipp., Malay, Java, Ind.

Distant erwähnt in seiner Monographie P. 70, dass dieses Insekt in
Japan auch vorkommt, zweifelweise sei sie in Riukiu Inseln zu Hause ; in
Japan habe ich jedoch ihre eingentümliche Stimme nie gehört. In
Formosa, besonders in Koshun sind sie sehr häufig und zwar lassen sie
sich in dichtem Walde leicht bloss mit Hand fangen.

17. Pomponia maculaticollis Motsch.
‘ Cicada maculaticollis Motsch., Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. XXXIX. P. 185 (1866).

Hab.—Hok., Honshu, Shikoku, Kiushu, Formosa ; China.

Gen. Cryptotympana Stal.

Stal, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. P. 613 (1831).

i8. Cryptotympana pustulata F.
Tettigonia pustulata F., Mant. Ins. II. P. 266 (1787).
Tettigonia atrata F., Mant. II. P. 297 (1787).
Cicada nigra Oliv., Enc. Méth. V. P. 750 (1799).
Fidicina bubo Wk., List. Hom. B. M. I. P. 82 (1850).

Hab.—Formosa ; China, Philipp., Malay.

In meiner “ Summary of Japanese Cicadidae.” habe ich erwähnt dass
dieses Insekt in Japan zu Hause ist und Herr Distant hat auch in seiner
Monographie p. 87 Japan als seine Heimat angegeben ; jetzt bin ich mich
jedoch davon überzeugt, dass das Insekt in Japan gar nicht vorkommt.
In-Formosa kommt es aber sehr häufig vor und singt gerade wie bei C.
intermedia. Sie sitzen gern auf den berühmten Acacia-Pflanze deren
Wurzel vielleicht ihre Futterpflanzen sein mag.

19. Cryptotympana intermedia Sign.

Cicada intermedia Sign., Rev. und Mag. Zool. P. 407 (1849).
Fidicina immacula Wk, List. Hom. B, M. I. P. go (1859).

Hab.—Honshu, Shikoku, Kiushu, Riukiu, Formosa; China, Malay,

Ind.
Dieses Insekt kommt häufig in Süd- und Central-Japan vor und bis
Shizuoka lässt sich seine eigentümliche Stimme etwa “ Sha-Sha ” .........

hören, in Tokio jedoch habe ich sie nicht gehört.

20.

21.

DIE CICADINEN JAPANS. IOI

Cryptotympana facialis Wk.

Cicada facialis Wk., List. Hom. Suppl: P. 30 (1858).

Fidicina nigrofuscata Motsch., Bull. Soc. Mosc. XXXIX. P. 185 (1866).
Hab.—Riukiu, Yayeyama ; China, Siam.
Cryptotympana Holsti Dist.

Cryptotympana Holsti Dist., A. M. N. H. P. 331 (1994).
Hab.—Formosa (Koshun, Shinko, Taihoku).

Diese Art scheint mir selten dort in Formosa, in Koshun habe ich drei

Exemplare von einem Urbewohner erhalten, wahrscheinlich mag sie aber

in tiefen Wälder mit tiefen Thälern häufig sein. Herr T. Nagasawa hat

mir auch zwei Exemplare überreicht.

22.

DR:

24.

28,

26.

Gen. Cicada L.

Syst. Nat. I. P. 704 (1766).

Cicadina bihamata Motsch.
Cicada bihamata Motsch., Etud., Ent. P. 24 (1861).
Hab.—Hok. (häufig), Honshu.
Cicada flammata Dist.
Cicada flammata Dist., Monog. Orient. Cic. P. 99 (1890).
Hab.—Hok., Honshu, Kiushu.
Cicada pyropa Mats.
Cicada pyropa Mats., Ann. Zool. Jap. V. P. 53 (1904).
Hab.— Hok., Honshu (Yamagata).
Cicada Andrewsi Dist.
Cicada Andrewsi Dist., A. M. N. H. P. 330 (1904).
Hab.— Hok. (Hakodate).
Cicada ochracea Wk.
Fidicina ochracea Wk., List. Hom. B,.M. I. P. 99 (1850).
Cicada ferrifera Wk., List, Hom. B. M I. P. 115 (1850).
Dundubia fesciceps Stal, Öfv. Vet-Ak. Förh. P. 242 (1854).
Cicada fuscipes Stal, Eerl. Ent. Zeit. I. P. 171 (1866).

102 S. MATSUMURA,

Subf. Tibiceninae.

Gen. Huechys Am. et Serv.

Am. et Serv., Hist. Hem. P. 464 (1843).

27. Huechys sanguinea Deg.
Cicada sanguinea Deg., Mém. III. P. 211 (1773).
Tettigonia sanguinolenta F., Syst. Ent. P. 681 (1775).

Hab.—Formosa ; China, Malay, Ind.

Diese schöne unessbare Cicade kommt häufig überall dort in Formosa
vor und wenn man sie berührt, giebt einen unangenehmen Geruch aus.
Wenn sie in Netz gefangen wird, ist sie träge und bewegt sich nicht.

28. Scieroptera splendidula F.
Tettigonia splendidula F., Syst, Ent. P. 681 (1775).
Hab.—Formosa (Keibi ÆÆ), gesammel im Juli von Herrn Naga-

sawa,

Mogannia Am. et Serv.

Am, et Serv., Hist. Hém. P. 467 (1843).
Cephaloxys Sign., Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. P. 294 (1847)

29. Mogannia hebes Wk.
Cephaloxys hebes Wk., hist. Hom. B. M. Suppl. P. 38 (1858).
Mogannia spurcata Wk., Ins. Saund. Hom. P. 27 (1858).

Hab.—Riukiu, Formosa ; China.
Dieses Insekt ist ziemlich gemein auf niedrigem Gebusch und singt
wie eine Conocephalus-Art (Orthoptera).
30. Mogannia nasalis White.
Mogannia nasalis White, A. M. N. H. XVII. P. 332 (1846).
Mogannia chinensis Stäl, Ofv. Vet-Ak. Förh. P. 155 (1865).
Hab.—Formosa ; China.
31. Mogannia formosana n. sp.
Der Form und der Farbe nach M, nasalis White sehr ähnlich, die

Unterscheidungs-Bemerkmale sind wie folgends :

DIE CICADINEN JAPANS. 103

1. £ 2 Schwarz, nur die Mittel- und Hinter-Tibien sowie auch
Tarsen, die Spitzen ausgenommen grünlichgelb.

2. Vorderflügel an der Basalhälfte, die Radialzelle ausgenommen
pechschwarz, die Apicalhälfte hyalin, die Nerven grünlich, Costal-
nerv schwärzlichbraun, während bei zasalis White mennig-
roth ist.

3. Operculum schwärzlichbraun, mit kurzen silberschimmernden
Härchen bedeckt, während bei zasalis blassgelblich ist.

4. Körper beim Männchen etwas grösser, beim 2 aber viel
kleiner.

Lange—g 16 mm., 2 14.5; bis zur Spitze der Elytren ¢ 22 mm.,

2 20 mm.
Hab.—Formosa (Koshun), gesammelt am 30. Juni in 3 Exemplaren
vom Autor. i
32. Mogannia minuta n. sp.

d Körper oben schwarz, unten gelblich. Scheitel ein wenig konisch
verlängert, ein Fleck an der Wurzel der Autennen gelblich. Autennen
schwärzlich, an der Spitze schmutziggelb. Pronotum in der Mitte des
Vorderrandes und an den Seiten gelblich, Vorderflügel hyalin, die Nerven
grünlich, die Apicalnerven braunlich. Abdomen in der Mitte am Rücken
schwarz, an den Seiten und an der Spitze schmutziggelb. Operculum
blassgelblich, klein; der Rand des Tympanum schwärzlichbraun. Beine
gelblich, die sämtlichen Tarsalspitzen, die Wurzel der Vorderbeine und
einige Flecke von denselben Schenkel und Trochanter bräunlich.

Länge— 12 mm. ; bis zur Spitze der Elytren 17 mm,

Hab.—Formosa (Koshun), gesammelt in nur einem Exemplar vom

Autor (30. Juni, 1906).

Der Form nach ähnelt es sich etwas der AZ nasalıs, der Körper ist
jedoch viel kleiner und das Mesonotum ganz schwarz.
33. Mogannia cyanea Wk.

Mogannia cyanea Wk., List Hom. B. M. Suppl. P. 40, 185.

Hab.—Formosa (Hoppo); China, Burma, India.

Dieses seltene Insekt wurde erst vom Autor auf dem Berge Taipin bei

104 S. MATSUMURA.

Hoppo gefangen. Körper ist ganz indigoblau und die Basalhalfte der

Elytren gelblichroth.

Gen. Terpnosia Dist.
Dist., A.M.N.H. Vol. IX. P. 325 (1892).
34. Terpnosia nigricosta Motsch.
Cicada nigricosta Motsch., Bull. Soc. Mosc. XXXIX. P. 184 (1866).
Hab.—Hok., Honshu, Kiushu.
Diese Art kommt in Hokkaido früh in niedrigen Wälder vor, in
Honshu aber singt sie nur auf hochen Gebirgen.
35. Terpnosia Pryeri Dist.
Terpnosia Pryeri Dist., Monog. Orient. Cic. P. 139 (1892).
Hab.—Honshu, Kiushu.
Diese kommt nicht in Hokkaido vor, sie ist aber ziemlich häufig früh

iu Kieferwälder in Honshu.

Gen. Melampsalta Am.
Am., Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. V. P. 155 (1847).

36. Melampsalta radiator Uhl.
Melampsalta radiator Uhl., Proc. N. M. U.S, A. P. 276 (1896).
Hab.—Honshu (Aomori, Yamagata, Gifu).
38. Melampsalta yezoensis Mats.
Melampsalta yezoensis Mats., Ann. Zool. Jap. Vol. II. P. 170 (1898).
Hab.—Hok. (Sapporo), Karafuto (Sachalien).
Eine Exemplare wurde von Herrn M. Takamatsu, Student an der
landwirthschaftlichen Hochschule zu Sapporo, am 23. Juli, nahe Korza-

koff in Sachalien gefangen.

Fam. Cercopidae.
Subf. Cercopinae.
Gen. Cosmoscarta Stäl.
Stal, Öfv. Vet. Akad. Firh. P. 718 (1870),

1. Cosmoscarta Uchida2 Mats. |
Cosmoscarta Uchidae Mats., Tr. Sap. N. H. Soc, I. P. 18 (1905).

DIE CICADINEN JAPANS. 105

Hab.—Riukiu (Daitojima), Formosa (Hoppo); häufig in Formosa
unter den Blättern der Wildbanana.
2. Cosmoscarta rubroscutellata n. sp.

2 Schwarz, Scheitel und Stirn mit kurzen schwarzlichen Harchen
bedeckt. Pronotum stark punktiert, in der Mitte etwas spärlich. ‘ Scutel-
lum koralroth, in der Mitte gerunzelt und vertieft, hinten etwas hervor-
ragend. Elytren mit drei rothen etwa nach hinten gebogenen Quer-
binden, von denen die mittlere mit einem zahnartigen Flecke versehen ;
die eine an der Basis befindliche Binde am Vorderrande verbreitert und
mit zwei zahnartigen Flecken versehen. Beine, Mesosternum und Pygi-
dium koralroth. Hinterflügel hyalin.

Länge— 13 mm. (bis zur Spitze der Elyten).

Hab.—Formosa (Koshun), gesammelt am 8. Juli in nur einem

Exemplare vom Autor.

Es ähnelt sich der Form nach der C. Uchidae Mats., viel kleiner

aber, und die mittlere Binde sich nicht mit der Basalbinde vereinigt.
3. Cosmoscarta formosana n. sp.

Körper und Elytren koralroth. Scheitel ohne Flecken, Pronotum
mit 3 schwarzen Flecken, von denen die vorderen zwei klein und rundlich,
während die hinteren zwei gross und oblong; fein punktiert, in der Mitte
mit einem niedrigen Kiel. Scutellum gerungelt, an der Basis stark vertieft.
Elytren je mit 6 schwarzen Flecken, welche in zwei Reihe versehen ;
Membran schwärzlichbraun. Unten und Beine wie bei der Grundfarbe,
nur das Bauchsegment etwas verbräunt.

Lange—f 12 mm., £ 12 mm. (bis zur Spitze der Elytren).

Hab.—Formosa (Taichu, Shoka), gasammelt im Juli in zahlreichen

Exemplaren vom Autor. Es saugt Maulbeerbaum und manchmal
bewirkt als eine grosse Schadlinge.

Es ähnelt sich etwas C. 8-punctata Am. et Serv., die Membran
jedoch ist ganz schwärzlichbraun, während bei 8 functata von der Grund-
farbe ist. Ich habe auch einen Exemplar aus Tonkin, gesammelt von
Herrn H. Fruhstorfer.

106 S. MATSUMURA.

Gen. Rhinaulax Am. et Serv.

Am. et Serv., Hist. Hém. P. 560 (1843).

4. Rhinaulax assimilis Uhl.
Monecphora assimilis Uhl., Proz. N. M. U.S. A. P. 285 (1896).
Rhinaulax apicalis Mats., Journ. Sap. Agr'l. Coll. Sapporo, P. 10 (1903).
Hab.—Hok., Houshu, Kiushu.
5. Rhinaulax zonalis n. sp.
Der Form und der Grösse nach der vorliegenden Art sehr ähnlich,
es unterscheidet sich jedoch wie folgends :
1. Körper und Elytren grünlichgrau ; die Spitze der Elytren röth-
lich ; der Kopf am Vorderrande des Pronotums kaum dunkler.
2. Stirn niedriger, Stirnkiele länger und von gelblicher Farbe.
3. Pronotum noch höcher gewolbt, dicht mit weisslichen kurzen
Härchen bedeckt.
4. Elytren kürzer, dichter behaart, glanzlos; nahe an der Basis mit
einer undeutlichen grauen Binde, welche manchmal bis an die
Basis hinzieht.
5. Hinterbeine vorwiegend gelblich.
Lange— J 6 mm., 2 7 mm. (bis zur Spitze der Elytren).
Hab.—Formosa (Koshun), gesammelt Anfang Juli in zahlreichen

Exemplaren vom Autor.

6. Rhinaulaz bimaculatus n. sp.

2 Oben schwarz, glänzend. Scheitel kürzer als zwischen den Augen
breit, Ocellen mennigroth ; der Vorderrand des Scheitels und die Innen-
ränder der Augen gelblich, der Mittelkiel ziemlich hoch, am Vorrande
etwas aufgebogen. Stirn honiggelb, die seitlichen Querfurchen undeutlich.
Clypeus dunkel ; Rostrum ganz gelblich, die Mittelcoxen erreichend.
Pronotum ein wenig gewolbt, in der Mitte mit einer Längsfurche, quer-
runzelig, am Rande mit spärlichen kurzen Härchen bedeckt. Scutellum
in der Mitte herzförmig vertieft. Elytren dicht punctiert, nahe an der

Spitze mit zwei gelblichen Flecken, von denen der eine am Costalrande

DIE CICADINEN JAPANS, 107

und der andere an der Clavalspitze. Beine gelblich, Vordercoxen, Mittel-
und Hinter-Schenkel dunkel. Unten schwarz, glänzend.
Länge— 5 mm. (bis zur Spitze der Elytren).
Hab.—Formosa (Hoppo), gesammelt am 7. August in nur einem
Exemplare vom Autor.
Es ähnelt sich der Form nach der AR. assimilis Uhl., viel kleiner
jedoch und zwei gelbliche Flecke auf den Elytren unterscheiden sich ganz

wohl.

Subf. Aphrophorinae.

Gen. Philagra Stal.
S:al, T. E. S. Lond. P. 592 (1862).

7. Philagra albinotata Uhl.
Philagra albinotata Uh!., Proc. N. M .U. S. A. P. 286 (1896).
Hab.—Honshu, Kiushu.

Gen. Lepyronia Am. et Serv.
Am. et Serv , His. Hîm. P. 567 (1843).

8. Lepyronia coleoptrata L. var. grossa Uhl.
Lepyronia grossa Uhl., Proc. N. M. U.S. A. P. 285 (1896).

Hab.—Honshu, Kiushu.

var. nigra n.

Der Form nach der var. grossa Uhl. vorkommen übereinstimmt, die
Färbung jedoch ganz schwarz, beim 2 etwas heller und zwar am
Vorderrande des Scheitels und zwei Costalflecken auf den Elytren gelblich.

Hab.—Hok. (Sapporo), gesammelt am 4. Juli von Herren M. Ishida

und S. Arakawa unter Gramineen.

Gen. Euclovia Mats.
Mats., Journ. Sap. Agr’l Coll. Sapporo, II. P. 24 (1903).
9. Euclovia Okadae Mats.

Euclovia Okadae Mats., Journ. Sap. Agr’. Coll. Sapporo, II. P. 25 (1933).
Hab.—Honshu (nicht selten).

108

IO.

II.

12.

13%

S. MATSUMURA.

Gen. Clovia Stal.
Stäl, Hem. Afr. IV. P. 75 (1856).
Clovia bipunctata Kirby.
Clovia bipunctata Kirby, Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool. XXIV. P. 163 (1891).
Hab.—-Formosa (Niitaka), gesammelt am 10. Oct. in nur einem
Exemplare von Herrn T. Kawakami.
Clovia multilineata Stäl.
Clovia multilineata Stäl, Öfv. Vet.-Ak. Förh. P. 154 (1865).
Hab.— Formosa (Tappan), gesammelt in einem Exemplare von Herrn
T. Kawakami ; China.

Gen. Aphrophora Germ.
Germ., Mag. d’Ent. IV. P. 50 (1821).

Aphrophora intermedia Uhl.
Aphrophora intermedia Uhl., Proc. N. M. U. S. A. P. 296 (1896).
Hab.—Hok., Honshu, Kiushu.
Aphrophora Nagasawae n. sp.
Der Form und der Zeichnung nach der A. inter media Uhl. sehr ähnlich,

es weicht jedoch in folgenden Charakteren ab:

d 1. Scheitel viel kürzer, am Vorderrande eckiger; Frons noch niedriger.

14.

2. Pronotum viel niedriger, noch tiefer und dichter punktiert.

3. Elytren heller gefleckt, die weissliche Querbinde fast gleich im
Diameter, nicht erweitert am Costalrande wie bei A, intermedia ;
der mittlere dreieckige dunkele Fleck am Costalrande deutlich
breiter, nahe an der Clavalspitze mit einer bräunlichen Querbinde,
welche von Innenrande bis zu die Mitte der Elytren erreicht.

4. Unten und Beine einfärbig schmutziggelb, fast ohne Flecken.

Linge—g 9 mm. ; bis zur Spitze der Elytren 11 mm.

Hab.—Formosa (Taihoku), gesammelt in einem Exemplare von Herrn

T. Nagasawa.

Aphrophora putealis Mats.
Aphrophora putealis Mats., Joura. Sap. Agr’l. Coll. Sapporo, P. 39 (1993).

Hab.—Hok. (Sapporo häufig).

T5,

17.

DIE CICADINEN JAPANS. 109

Aphrophora Alni Fall.

Cercopis Alni Fall., Act. Holm. P. 240 (1805).
Aphrophora spumarius Germ., Mag. d’Ent. IV. P. 150 (1821).

Hab.—Hok ; Europa.

Aphrophora scutellata Mats.
Aphrophora scutellata Mats., Ann. Zool. Jap. V. P. 34 (1904).
Hab.—Hok. (Sapporo häufig)

Aphrophora sachalinensis n. sp.

Der Form und der Zeichnung nach A. scuzellata Mats. sehr ähnlich,

die Unterscheidungs-Bewerkmale sind wie folgends :

18.

19.

20.

1. Körper viel kleiner, nämlich bis zur Spitze der Elytren Z o mm.,
2 10 mm,

2. Scheitel schmäler, braunlich grob punctiert, so dass in der Mitte
die callose Längslinie deutlich zurücklassend.
Stirn bräunlich grober punktiert und etwas niedriger.

4. Pronotum mit deutlichen etwas dichteren braunlichen Punktierung,

5. Scutellum von der Grundfarbe, in der Mitte quergerungelt und
bräunlich punktiert.

6. Beine deutlich braunlich gestreift und gefleckt.

7. Beim Weibchen entweder fast flecklos, oder mit undeutlichen
Zeignungen.

Hab.—Sachalien (Pilleo in Karafuto), gesammelt am 13. August in

drei Exemplaren von Herrn Prof. K. Miyabe.

Aphrophora brevis Mats.

Aphrophora breyis Mats., Ann. Zool. Jap. V. P. 35 (1904). _
Hab.—Honshu (Hachiöji bei Tokio).
Aphrophora compacta Mats.

Aphrophora compacta Ma:s., Ann. Zool. Jap. V.P_ 35 (1904).
Hab.—Hok. (Sapporo). 5
Aphrophora fallax Mats.

pes PET ANNE Zool. E V. P. 36 (1904).
Hab.—Hok. (Sapporo). a

110 S. MATSUMURA.

21. Aphrophora obliqua Uhl.
Aphrophora obliqua Uhl., Proc. N. M. U.S. A. P. 288 (1896).
Hab.—Honshu (Aomori, Hakone, Ibuki).

Aphrophora Abieti Mats.
Aphrophora Abieti Mats., Ann. Zool. Jap. V. P. 37 (1904).
Hab.— Hok. (Sapporo).

N
ty

23. Aphrophora major Uhl.
Aphrophora major Uhl., Proc. N. M. U. S. A. P. 287 (1896).
Hab.—Hok. (Sapporo), Honshu.

24. Aphrophora flavomaculata Mats.
Aphrophora flavomacu'ata Mats, Ann. Zool. Jap. V P. 39 (1904).
Hab.—Hok., Honshu.

Aphrophora pectoralis Mats.

N
in

Aphrophora pectoralis Mats., Journ. Sap. Agr’l. Coll. II. P. 34 (1903).
Hab.—-Hok. (Sapporo).

26. Aphrophora costalis Mats.
Aphrophora costalis Mats , Journ. Sap. Agr’l. Coll, II. P. 35 (1903).
Hab.—Hok., Honshu (Hakone).

27. Aphrophora harimaensis Mats.
Aphrophora harimaensis Mats., Ann. Zool. Jap. V. P. 41 (1904).
Hab.-—Honshu (Harima).

28. Aphrophora rugosa Mats.
Aphrophora rugosa Mats., Journ. Sap. Agr’l. Coll. II. P. 37 (1903).
Hab.—Hok., Honshu.

29. Aphrophora Ishidae Mats.
Aphrophora Ishidae Mats., Journ. Sap. Agr’l. Coll. II. P. 36 (1903).
Hab.—Hok., Honshu.

30. Aphrophora Tsuruana n. sp.
Der Form und der Zeichnung nach A. /shidae Mats. sehr ähnlich,
die Unterscheidungs-Charaktere sind wie folgends :
1. Scheitel länger und zwar so lang als zwischen den Augen breit, in
der Mitte nur ein wenig vertieft ; Stirn niedriger.

2. Pronotum viel niedriger ; die Punktierung spärlich.

3%

22

20:

34.

35:

36.

DIE CICADINEN JAPANS. (5 061

3. Scutellum tief quergerunzelt und punktiert.

4. Elytren fast matt, nahe an der Basis mit zwei braunlichen Fleck-
chen, in der Mitte mit einer schiefgerichteten Reihe von 5
braunlichen Fleckchen, welche vom Clavalwinkel gegen die Mitte
des Coriums hinlauft; Elytren kürzer, in der Mitte viel breiter,
am Costalrande noch stärker gebogen.

5. Körper etwas breiter und stärker.

Länge— 2 11 mm. (bis zur Spitze der Elytren).

Hab.—Formosa ; 4 Exemplare in meiner Sammlung, von denen die

2 gesammelt von Herrn N. Tsuru zu Taikokan und andere zwei
vom Autor zu Hoppo und Shinsha

Aphrophora vittata Mats.

Aphrophora vittata Mats., Journ. Sap. Agr’. Cell. II. P. 38 (1903).
Hab.—Hok., Honshu.
var. Nitjimae Mats.

Aphrophora Niijimae Mats., Journ. Sap. Agr’l. Coll. II. P. 43 (1903).
Hab.—Hok.

Aphrophora obtusa Mats.

Aphrophora obtusa Mats., Journ. Sap. Agr’l. Coll. II. P. 39 (1903).
Hab.—Hok., Honshu, Shikoku, Kiushu.
Aphrophora flavipes Uhl.

Aphrophora flavipes Uhl., Proc. N. M. U.S. A. P. 289 (1896).
Hab.—Hok., Honshu, Kiushu.

Aphrophora maritima Mats.

Aphrophora maritima Mats., Journ, Sap. Agr’l. Coll. II. P. 41 (1903).
Hab.—Hok., Honshu, Kiushu.

Aphrophora stictica Mats.

Aphrophora stictica Mats., Journ. Sap. Agr’l Coll. II. P. 42 (1903).
Hab.—Hok., Honshu, Kiushu.

var. zonata Mats., Ann. Zool. Jap. V. P. 42 (1904).

Hab.—Hok., Honshu.

Aphrophora Vitis Mats.
Aphrophora Vitis Mats., Ann. Zool. Jap. V. P. 42 (1904).
Hab.—Hok. (Sapporo), Honshu (Towada).

112 S. MATSUMURA.

37. Aphrophora nigricans Mats.
Aphrophora nigricans Mats., Ann. Zool. Jap. V. P. 43 (1904).

Hab.—Hok. (Sapporo).

38. Aphrophora 4-guttata n. sp.

d Körper oben schmutzigbraun. Scheitel kurz, ein wenig kürzer als
zwischen den Augen breit, am Vorderrande deutlich aufgebogen, an den
Seiten je mit einem grossen callösen Fleck. Stirn mässig gewolbt, an der
Spitze mit einer gelblichen Bogenlinie. Pronotum niedrig, fein dicht punk-
tiert, in der Mitte etwas dunkler. Scutellum in der Mitte dunkler und
fein punktiert. Elytren von der Grundfarbe, am Costalrande je mit zwei
weisslichen Flecken, von denen der innere oval, während der äussere breit
dreieckig ist ; am Ende des W. &rachialis mit einem gelblichen Fleckchen.
Unten vorwiegend schmutziggelb, die Wangen, die Mitte des Zügels, die
Spitze des Rostrum, die Beinflecken und der Bauch braunlich.

Linge—12 mm. (bis zur Spitze der Elytren).

Hab.—Honshu (Akabane bei Tokio), gesammelt von Herrn S. Uchida ;

ein Exemplar in meiner Sammlung.

Es ähnelt sich der Form und der Zeichnung nach etwas A. vis

Mats., in der Detail jedoch ist ganz anders.

39. Aphrophora bizonalis n. sp.

Oben glänzend blassgelblich. Scheitel kurz, stumpfwinkelig, etwa
nur 4 so lang wie zwischen den Augen breit, vorn deutlich aufgebogen, in
der Mitte punktiert, an den Seiten gerunzelt. Stirn mässig gewolbt,
gelblich, in der Mitte bräunlich. Pronotum niedrig, spärlich grob punk-
tiert, in der Mitte in einer Querreihe mit drei bräunlichen Flecken.
Scutellum in der Mitte bräunlich, grob gerunzelt und spärlich punktiert.
Elytren weisslichgelb, mit zwei bräunlichen Querbinden, von welchen die
eine kurz ist und sich an der Costalbasis befindet, während die andere
lang und die Mitte durchkreuzt ; der Zwischenraum am Costalrand weisslich
subhyalin ; die Mitte der Clavalnerven je mit einem bräunlichen Fleckchen ;
die Spitze des Clavus, die Nerven des Apicalfeldes und ihre Umgebung
bräunlich. Unten bräunlich, Beine gelblich mit bräunlichen Flecken,

Bauch gelblichbraun.

DIE CICADINEN JAPANS. 113

Länge—£ 9.5 mm., & 10.5 mm, (bis zur Spitze der Elytren).
Hab.—Ogasawarajima (Bonin Insel), gesammelt in zahlreichen
Exemplaren vom Autor (am 20. August).
Es ähnelt sich kein bekannten Arten, gehört jedoch die Corticea-
Gruppe.
40. Aphrophora bicolor n. sp.

Kopf oben und die. Vorderhälfte des Pronotums blassgelb, die
übrigens dunkelbräunlich. Scheitel stumpfwinkelig, so lang als zwischen
den Augen breit, fast flach und vorn kaum aufgebogen, am Vorderrande
seitlich je mit einem bräunlichen Flecken, spärlich punktiert. Stirn in der
Mitte, Antennen gelblich. Pronotum mit groben länglichen Punktierung
dicht bedeckt, der Mittelkiel hoch. Scutellum in der Mitte oblong
vertieft, grob punktiert. Elytren lang, uneben, grob dicht punktiert,
einfärbig dunkelbraun, die Spitze des N. analis nur ein wenig ausgedehnt
gelblich, in der Mitte der Clavalnerven je mit einem dunklen Fleckchen,
dessen Umgebung heller zurücklassend. Sternum und Beine blassgelblich,
die ersten beiden Schenkel und Tibien je mit zwei bräunlichen Flecken,
die Hinterbeine vorwiegend hellbräunlich. Bauch gelblichbraun.

Linge—g 11 mm., 2 12 mm. (bis zur Spitze der Elytren).

Hab.—Ogasawarajima, gesammelt am 20. August in 4 Exemplaren

vom Autor.

Es ähnelt sich der Färbung und der Punktierung nach etwas der
Sinophora maculosa Melich.

41. Aphrophora auropilosa n. sp.

Körper oben bräunlichgrau, kurz anliegend golden behaart. Scheitel
bräunlich, kurz, ein wenig kürzer als zwischen den Augen breit,
dicht golden behaart, so dass die Punktierung undeutlich zurücklas-
send, der Mittelkiel weisslich. Stirn mit deutlichen schiefgerichten
Querfurchen, Antennen schwarz, der Borsten weisslich. Pronotum in der
Mitte hoch gewolbt, grob, ziemlich dicht punktiert, in der Mitte blass-
gelblich, kurz golden behaart. Scutellum ein wenig vertieft, dicht

punktiert und golden behaart. Elytren kurz, bräunlichgrau, nahe in der

114 S. MATSUMURA.

Mitte mit einer weisslichgrauen Querbinde, welche am Costalrande deut-
lich ist, an deren ausser Seite mit einem bräunlichen Querbinde ; auf der
Apicalhälfte zerstreuen es bräunliche Atomen. Unten dunkelbräunlich, das
Apicaldrittel der Stirn blassgelblich ; die Vorder- und Mittel-Beine
vorwiegend bräunlich, die hinteren gelblichbraun.
Lange—g 2 7 mm. (bis zur Spitze der Elytren).
Hab.—Formosa (Shinsha, Shoka, Koshun), gesammelt in zahlreichen
Exemplaren von Herrn Tsuru und dem Autor.
Diese in Japan kleinste Aphrophora ähnelt sich etwas der A.
obligua Uhl., viel kleiner und kürzer jedoch und zwar in der Detail

ganz anders.

Gen. Peuceptyelus Sahl.
Sahl. Öfv. Finland. Cic. P. 84 (1871).

42. Peuceptyelus Nawae Mats.
Peuceptyelus Nawae Mats., Ann. Zool. Jap. V. P. 44 (1904).
Hab.—Hok., Honshu (Ibuki).
43. Peuceptyelus indentatus Uhl.
Aphrophora indentatus Uhl., Proc. N. M. U. S. A. P. 260 (1896).
Hab.— Honshu (Ibuki).
44. Peuceptyelus nigroscutellatus Mats
Peuceptyelus nigroscutellatus Mats., Ann. Zool. Jap. V. P. 45 (1904).
Hab.—Hok., Honshu (Nikko).
45. Peuceptyelus medius Mats.
Peuceptyelus medius Mats., Ann. Zool. Jap. V. P. 47 (1904).
Hab.—Hok., Honshu (Nikko).

46. Peuceptyelus dimidiatus Mats.
Peuceptyelus dimidiatus Mats., Ann. Zool. Jap. V. P. 47 (1904).
Hab.—Honshu (Nikko).
Gen. Sinophora Melich.
Melich., Ann. Mus. Zool. St.-Peters. P. 38 (1902).

47. Sinophora maculosa Melich.
Sinophora maculosa Melich., Ann. Mus. Zool. St.-Peters. P. 38 (1902).

Hab.—Hok., Honshu; N. China.

DIE CICADINEN JAPANS. IIS

Gen. Mesoptyelus Mats.

Mats., Ann. Zool. Jap. V. P. 48 (1904).

48. Mesoptyelus nigrifrons Mats.
Mesoyrtyelus nigrifrons Mats., Ann. Zoo.. Jap. V. P. 49 (1904).

Gen. Ptyelus Lep. et Serv.

Lep. et Serv., Enc. Méth. X. P. €08 (1825).

49. Ptyelus spumarius L.
Cicada spumarius L., Faun. Suec. P. 241 (1761),
Ptyelus albiceps Prov., Nat. Can. IV. P. 351 (1889).
Ptyelus lineatus Prov., Hem. Can. P. 258 (1889).

Hab.—Hok., Honshu ; Siberien, Amur, Europa, Africa, N. America.

so. Ptyelus fuscus Mats.
Ptyelus fuscus Mats., Journ. Sap. Agr’l Coll. II. P. 50 (1903).
Hab. —Hok. (Sapporo).

51. Ptyelus costalis Wk.
Ptyelus costalis Wk., List. Hom. B. M. III. P. 707 (1851).
Ptyelus concolor Wk., List. Hom. B. M. III. P. 715 (1851).
Ptyelus immutatus Wk., Journ. L. Soc. Zool. I. P. 96 (1857)

Hab.—Formosa (Hoppo, Shoka, Ako, Koshun), gesammelt vom
Autor ; Ind. (Ceylon).

52. Ptyelus pallidus Melich.
Ptyelus pallidus Melich., Hom. Faun. Cey. P. 135 (1903).
Hab.—Formosa (häufig überall) ; S. China, Malay, Indien.

53. Ptyelus glabrifrons Mats.
Ptyelus glabrifrons Mats., Ann. Zool. Jap. V. P. 52 (1904)
Hab. —Honshu (Maiko).

54. Ptyelus nigropectus Mats.
Ptyelus nigrop:ctus Mats., Journ. Sap. Agr’l. Coll. II. P. 51 (1903).
Hab.—Hok. (Sapporo).

116

55%

56.

S MATSUMURA.

Ptyelus Abieti Mats.

Ptyelus Abieti Mats., Ann. Zool. Jap. V. P. 50 (1904).
Hab.—Hok., Honshu (Towada).
Ptyelus guttatus Mats.

Ptyelus guttatus Mats., Ann. Zool. Jap. V. P. 51 (1904).

Hab,—Hok.

(Schluss folgt).

Zur Kenntnis der Suesswasser-Bryozoenfauna von Japan,

Von

Dr. Asajiro Oka.

Unsere Süsswasser-Bryozoenfauna ist äusserst wenig bekannt. Wenn
man von meiner Arbeit über eine einheimische Pectinatel/a-Art absieht, so
hat man überhaupt keine Literatur darüber. Ich gebe nun im Folgenden
ein Verzeichnis der von mir beobachteten Arten mit Bemerkungen über
die neuen Spezies, hoffend, dass es diejenigen Forscher interessieren wird,
die sich mit der Tierwelt des süssen Wassers von unserem Lande beschäfti-
gen. Dasselbe macht jedoch, wie ich ausdrücklich betonen möchte, keinen
Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit, denn ich habe bis jetzt nur sehr wenige Seen
- nach dieser Richtung hin durchforscht und es ist höchst wahrscheinlich,
dass sich später noch mehrere neue Arten auffinden lassen werden.

Soweit meine Funde reichen, giebt es in Japan vier Arten von Süss-
wasserbryozoen, nämlich zwei Pectinatella und zwei Plumatella. Eine
darunter ist schon vor mehreren Jahren von mir beschrieben worden ; eine
andere, obgleich neu für Japan, scheint zu einer bekannten, weit verbrei-

teten Spezies zu gehören. Die übrigen zwei sind neu für Wissenschaft.

I. Pectinatella gelatinosa Oka.

Für eine Beschreibung dieser Art siehe: A. Oka, Observations on

a Fresh-Water Polyzoa. Journ. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo. Vol. IV.,
Et. 1; 1890.

Vorkommen: In einem Teiche in der Universitatsanlage, Tokyo, habe

ich diese Spezies früher in grossen Mengen gesammelt. Sie scheint leider

seit einigen Jahren in Folge einer Reinigung des Teiches gänzlich

ausgerottet zu sein.

2. Pectinatella davenporti.n. sp.

Die Kolonien dieser Spezies bilden kleine durchsichtige gallertartige

118 DR. ASAJIRO OKA.

Massen, an Blättern von Wasserpflanzen, untertauchten Stangen, etc.,
anhaftend. Sie sind entschieden kleiner als die der anderen Arten, indem
sie nur selten einen Durchmesser von 1 cm erreichen, aber im allgemeinen
Habitus ähneln sie den jüngeren Kolonien von /. ge/atinosa so sehr, dass
sie bei oberflächlicher Betrachtung für letztere gehalten werden können.
Auch ich hielt sie für solche, solange in den Stöcken keine Statoblasten zu
finden waren, beim Erscheinen der letzteren erkannte ich aber sofort an
ihrer abweichenden Gestalt, dass man es hier mit einen neuen bisher nicht
beschriebenen Spezies zu tun hat. Wie die beiden bereits bekannten Arten
sich in erster Linie durch die Form und Bewaffnung der Statoblasten unter-
scheiden, so sind es ebenfalls diese, die bei unsrem Tierchen die augenfäl-
ligsten Unterscheidungsmerkmale abgeben.

Bekanntlich sind die Statoblasten von Zrezinatella mit einem als Boje

. funktionierenden Ringe versehen, velcher reifartig den eigentlichen Körper

Fig. 1.

BR

a b c

a, Statoblast von Pectinatella magnifica Leidy. X25.
4, ” ” 3a gelatinosa Oka. X25.
G a ÿ ù davenporti n. sp. X25.

umgiebt und an der Peripherie eine variierende Anzahl von hakentragenden
Dornen aufweist. Diese Gebilde zeigen nun, wie aus den beigegebenen,
die Statoblasten von 3 Peetinatella-Arten bei gleicher (25x) Vergrösser-
ung darstellenden Figuren sofort zu ersehen, auffallende Unterschiede.
Bei P. magnifica Leidy ist der Ring kreisförmig, die Dornen sind sehr

gross aber nicht gerade zahlreich, indem ihre Zahl nur 12-18 beträgt.

ZUR KENNTNIS DER SUESSWASSER-BRYOZOENFAUNA VON JAPAN, IIO

Der Statoblast von P. gelatinosa erscheint viel grösser in Folge der grös-
seren Breite des Ringes, ausserdem zeigt er eine eigentümliche sattelartige
Doppelkurvatur, was ohne Zweifel das Anhaftungsvermögen desselben
beträchtlich erhöht. Dagegen sind die Dornen, wenn auch zahlreich, so
schwach entwickelt, dass sie nur bei starker Vergrösserung wahrzunehmen
sind. Bei der neuen Spezies ist der Statoblast flach elliptisch und im Ver-
gleich mit dem von ?. gelatinosa merklich kleiner. Die Dornen treten
hier nur an den Enden des Statoblasten und zwar in Gestalt gerader Stäb-
chen auf. Man zählt im Durchschnitt deren 18-20 an einem Ende. Bei
stärkerer Vergrösserung beobachtet man überdies, dass sie an beiden Sei-
tenrändern mit einer Reihe winziger, halbkreisformig gekrümmter,s tumpf

endender Widerhaken ausgestattet

Fig. 2.
sind. An Länge variieren die
\ Dornen beträchtlich, indem die
längsten über 0.15 mm messen,
während die kleinsten kaum so lang
wie dick sein können ; in der Regel
ge stehen die langeren in der Mitte,
die kleineren an den Enden der
Reihe. Auch die Zahl der Wider-
haken variiert je nach der Länge der
Dornen, an längeren Dornen beträgt
sie 6-9 jederseits. Ein Blick auf die
Figur 2, in welcher ich die Dornen
an Statoblasten von 3 Pectinatella-

a b €

Arten bei 300-facher Vergrösser-

ung wiedergeben habe, wird schon
Dornen an Statoblasten.

} È , ugen, das hier Gesagte anschau-
a, von Pectinatella magnifica Leidy. X 300. Sc da hier Ges: = £

6, vonP. gelatinosa Oka. X300. lich zu machen.

¢, von P. davenforti n. sp. X300. È È
; ER È o Ausserdem unterscheidet sich

die neue Spezies durch folgende Charaktere:
Die Stöcke werden, wie oben bemerkt, nur selten über 1 cm gross

im Gegensatz zu P. gvlatinosa, deren Kolonien einen Durchmesser von 3

120 DR. ASAJIRO OKA.

cm erreichen. Sie stehen meistens vereinzelt; eine Verschmelzung zahl-
reicher Kolonien zu einer grösseren Masse, wie es bei 2. magnifica und
P. gelatinosa stattfindet, habe ich nicht beobachtet.

Die einzelnen Polypide sind entschieden kleiner, indem sie (incl. die
Tentakel) nur 3 mm lang werden, während die von P. gelatinosa eine
Länge von 4 mm zeigen. An Dicke kommen beide einander gleich, so
dass die letzteren viel schlanker erscheinen wie die ersteren. In kleinen
Kolonien nehmen die Polypide eine mehr erekte Stellung ein, so dass sie
einigermassen an das Genus Zophopus erinnern, was übrigens auch bei ganz
kleinen Stöcken von P. gelatinosa der Fall ist.

Die Tentakel erreichen bei der neuen Spezies eine Länge von 1.3-1.4
mm, sie werden also merklich länger als bei P. ge/atinosa, deren Tentakel
nur ı mm lang sind. Im Verhältnis zu den übrigen Körperteilen sind sie
daher als sehr lang zu nennen, und verleihen unserem Tierchen, wenn
sie völlig ausgestreckt sind, ein überaus zierliches Aussehen.

Der eigentliche Körper der einzelnen Polypide, hauptsächlich aber
der Magen ist bedeutend kürzer als bei P. gelatinosa, was aus den obigen
Massenangaben ohne Weiteres zu ersehen ist. Letzteres Organ ist viel
rundlicher und mit weniger zahlreichen Längsfalten versehen.

Vorkommen: In Kasumiga-Ura, einem grossen See ca. 70 Kilometer
NO von Tokyo, habe ich diese Spezies in ziemlich grossen Mengen

erbeutet.

3. Plumatella repens Lamk.

Ich habe wiederholt auf Paludinenschalen eine //umatella beobachtet,
die in allen wesentlichen Zügen mit dieser wohlbekannten Spezies überein-
stimmt. Auch die Form und Gestalt der Statoblasten ist die gleiche. Ich
glaube sie daher provisorisch zu dieser Art stellen zu müssen, obgleich ich’
noch keine Gelegenheit gehabt habe, die beiden Formen direkt mit ein-
ander zu vergleichen.

Vorkommen : Diese Spezies habe ich bis jetzt nur in einem kleinen
Teiche im hiesigen botanischen Garten und in einem kleinen Bach bei

Kameido, Tokyo, erbeutet.

ZUR KENNTNIS DER SUESSWASSER-BRYOZOENFAUNA VON JAPAN, 121

Dr. M. Meissner erwähnt in seiner Notiz “ Weiterer Beitrag zur Kennt-
nis der geographischen Verbreitung der. Süsswasser-Bryozoengattung
Plumatella,” Zool. Anz. Bd. XX., dass er auf Schalen von Vivipara stel-
maphora aus Yokohama Statoblasten von //matella gefunden hat. Die
Artzugehörigkeit derselben ist aber von ihm nicht festgestellt worden,

möglicherweise handelt as sich hier auch um dieselbe Spezies.

4. Plumatella casmiana n. sp.

Diese Spezies bildet auf den Blattern und Stengeln von Wasserpflanzen
unscheinbare, aus dünnen Aesten bestehende Stöcke, welche insofern den
von P/. repens ähneln, als sie ganz flach auf der Unterlage liegen. Auch
in der Art und Weise der Verästelung zeigen sie eine grosse Aehnlichkeit
mit der letztgenannten Spezies. Die Aeste selber sind hier jedoch viel
dünner, indem sie überall nur 0.3 mm dick sind, im Gegensatz zu I. re-
pens, deren Coenoecien beinahe ı mm dick werden können. Sie liegen
bis zum äussersten Ende flach ; selbst die Spitze der Aeste, wo sich die
Oeffnung zum Austritt der Polypide befindet, berühren unmittelbar die
Unterlage.

Der Ectocyst ist dünn, pergamentartig und überall bräunlich gefärbt
mit Ausnahme der Terminalpartien, wo er etwas heller ist. Die Coenoe-
cialwandung ist nicht so undurchsichtig wie bei /7. repens, sondern lässt,
bei Betrachtung mit der Lupe, die darin befindliche Polypide ziemlich
deutlich erkennen. Diese sind in unregelmässigen Abständen verteilt; in
den älteren Partien des Stockes sind sie spärlicher vorhanden wie in den
distalen Gegenden, wo sie zuweilen dicht neben einander zu liegen
kommen.

Was beim Mustern dieser Spezies zunächst in die Augen fällt, ist die
ausserordentlich schmale Gestalt der Statoblasten. Das Genus Plunmna-
tella zerfällt, wie bekannt, nach der Form dieser Gebilde in zwei Gruppen,
die eine mit rundlichen und die andere mit schmalen Statoblasten. Bei der
ersten Gruppe verhält sich die Länge des Statoblasten zur Breite wie 1.2 :
I, bei der zweiten wie 1.8: 1 ungefähr. Das Verhältnis ist bei unsrer

neuen Spezies nun ein ganz anderes, indem hier die Statoblasten mehr

122 DR. ASAJIRO OKA.

als doppelt so lang sind wie breit. Im Durchschnitt beträgt die Länge
0.37-0.38 mm, die Breite 0.17-0.18 mm; also es verhält sich die Länge

zur Breite beinahe wie 2.2: I.

Plumatella casmiana n. Sp.

a. Eine kleine Kolonie X3.
6. Statoblast (Flächenansicht). X 100,
Pa (Profilansicht). X 100.

Wie ich in der Fig. 3 b und c gezeigt habe, ist der Statoblast langlich
elliptisch und mit einem Ringe versehen, der den Statoblastenkorper der
Lange nach umgiirtelt. Dieser Ring ist aber sehr schmal und wenig ent-
wickelt ; er besteht an jeder Schalenhalfte blos aus 4 bis 5 Reihen von Luft
enthaltenden Zellen, welche alle’ direkt der Oberfläche der eigentlichen
Statoblastenschale aufsitzen. Bei dieser Spezies entbehrt somit der
Statoblast der in der Horizontalebene ausgebreiteten Partie des Schwimm-
ringes, wie wir sie bei /. gelatinosa so hoch entwickelt finden,
vollständig.

Vorkommen: Diese Spezies kommt ziemlich häufig in Kasumiga-
Ura vor, wo sie manchmal in Gesellschaft mit Pectinatella davenporti zu
finden ist. Sie scheint beschattete Stellen vorzuziehen und ist wegen ihres
unscheinbaren Aussehens sehr leicht zu übersehen.

Eine dieser Spezies sehr nahe stehende Form habe ich in der Umgeb-

ZUR KENNTNIS DER SUESSWASSER-BRYOZOENFAUNA VON JAPAN, 123

ung von Yamaguchi, Prov. Suwo, in einigen Exemplaren gesammelt, ob
sie aber zu derselben Spezies gehören, vermag ich einstweilen nicht mit

Bestimmtheit anzugeben.

Tokyo, den ı Februar 1907.

a=
id

An Annotated List of Plankton Microrganisms of the
Japanese Coast.

By
K. Okamura, Kiyakuhakushi.
(With Plates III—VT).

The following list of plankton microrganisms was drawn up chiefly
from the material collected by Mr. Shiibara along the coast of Prov. Tosa
in Shikoku during Sept.-Oct. in 1904 and also by myself on the coast of
Prov. Boshyu near the entrance to the Gulf of Tokyo in May 1906. As
may be expected, the material comprise a large number of those forms
that occur in the warm Black Current or the “ Kuroshiwo.”

In the plates I have given figures of all the enlisted species, to
illustrate on the one hand what I have observed and on the other hand to
aid the students in the work of identification. The process seems to me
recommendable in view of the difficulty experienced by the workers in
this part of the world in getting access to the literature bearing on the
subject. The references I have given under each species in the list are

only those I have been able to take into consultation.

I. Cyanophycee.

1. Trichodesmium erythreum Ehrb. (Pl. VI, fig. 45).
Gomont, 1893, p. 216; Pl. V, figs. 27-30.—Wille, 1903, p. 16;
fig. II.

Mr. Shiibara writes me that he had found this plant in great abun-
dance on Aug. 16th, 1906, at a place eighteen miles off the coast of Susaki
in Tosa, so that the sea presented a dark reddish colour on account of its
presence. He adds that he had seen no fish in the discoloured water.

The filaments (fig. 45c) measure 0,0075 mm. in thickness.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa (Aug. 16th, 1906).

126 K. OKAMURA.

Other known loc.: Red Sea ; Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.
2. T. Thiebauti Gomont. (Pl. VI., fig. 46).
Gomont, 1893, p. 217; Pl. VI., figs. 2-4.—Schütt, 1893, p. 40; fig.
31 (Heliotrichum radians Wille), —Wille, 1903, p. 17; fig. 13.
The filaments (fig. 46 #) measure 0.005-0.016 mm. in thickness.
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
Other known loc. : Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.

II. Chlorophycee.

3. Halosphera viridis Schmitz. (Pl. III. fig. 16).
Schmitz, 1887, pp. 67-92; Pl. III.—Gran, 1902, p. 12; T.I., figs.
IO-15.
Loc. in Japan: Shirahama in Prov. Boshyu.
Other known loc.: Atlantic Ocean ; Mediterranean Sea.

III. Silicoflagellata.

4. Dictyocha fibula Ehrb. (Pl. III, fig. 10).
Kützing. 1849, pp, 143-144.—Id., 1865, p. 140.—Lemmermann,
1901, p. 260; I: X. fig, 24. 14.1063, p. 28, 12492:
Loc. in Japan: Provinces of Tosa, Ise, Mikawa and Boshyù.
Other known loc.: Baltic Sea, North Sea, Atlantic Ocean, Mediter-
ranean Sea.
5. D. fibula Ehrb. var. stapedia (Haeckel) Lemm. (Pl. III, fig. 11).
Kiitzing, 1865, p. 140; Pl. XXL, fig. 23.—Lemm., 1901, p. 261.—
Id., 1903, p. 29, fig. 96.
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
Other known loc, : Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans.
6. Distephanus speculum (Ehrb.) Haeckel var. pentagonus f. armata
Lemm. (Pl. IIL, fig. 12).
Lemm., 1901, p. 264; T. XI, fig. 20.
One side of basal ring of the specimen figured measures 0.0225 mm.

in length.

PLANKTON OF THE JAPANESE COAST. 127

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.

Other known loc. : Italy (fossil).

IV. Peridiniales.

7. Amphisolenia bidentata Schröder. (Pl. III, fig. 15).

Schröder, 1989, pP. 20; PI. I., fig. 16.

The specimen figured measures: Total length of body ca. o.1
mm. ; thickness of stem in the slender portion 0.0075 mm. ; that in the
fusiform portion 0.02 mm. ; sagittal length of upper valve 0.017 mm.;
breadth of marginal list 0.0075 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.

Other known loc. : Mediterranean Sea ; Indian Ocean.

8. Blepharocysta splendor maris Ehrb. (PI. V., fig. 34).
Schütt, 1896, p. 24; fig. 34.
Diameter of the specimen figured measures 0.064 mm.
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
Other known loc. : Red Sea.

o. Ceratium lineatum (Ehrb.) Cleve var. longiseta Ostf. and Schm.
(El ie fic. 7),
Ostf. and Schm., 1901, p. 163; fig. 12.
Loc. in Japan: Provinces of Tosa and Shima.
Other known loc.: Red Sea.
ro. C. gravidum Gourr. (Pl. III, fig. 5).
Gourr., 1883, p. 58; PI. I., fig. 15.
Okam. and Nishikawa, 1904, p. 127; Pl. VI, fig. 21.
Loc. in Japan: Provs. Tosa and Boshyu,
Other known loc.: Indian Ocean; Atlantic Ocean : Mediter-
ranean Sea.
ri. C.limulus Gourr. (Pl. III, fig. 8).
Gourr:, 188328433; Pl.I.,.fig. 7.

The specimen figured measures: Height of body 0.054 mm. ; breadth

128 K. OKAMURA.

0.052 mm.; thickness in side view 0.026 mm. ; length of apical horn
0.04 mm.
Loc. in Japan: Tateyama in Prov. Böshyu (May, 1906).
Other known loc.: Atlantic and Indian Oceans.
12. C. contortum (Gourr.) Cleve. (Pl. IIL, fig. 4).
Cleve, 1900 a, p. 14; PI. VII., fig. 10.—Gourr., 1883, p. 35; Pl. II.
fig. 33 (C. gibberum var. contortum)—Okam. and Nishikawa, 1904,
p.224 021162401
Loc, in Japan: Prov. Tosa; Kushimoto in Prov. Kii (Nishikawa),
Other known loc.: Mediterranean Sea; Indian and Pacific
Oceans; Also, west of Africa and east of South America.
13. C. gibberum Gourr. (Pl. III., fig. 3).
Gourr., 1883, p. 34; Pl. IL, Ma RE Id, 1026 PRE 7
(€. gibberum var. sinistrum).
Height as well as breadth of body about 0.09 mm., as measured on
the specimen figured in figs. 3 b and c.
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
Other known loc. : Naples.
14. C. hexacanthum Gourr. var. contortum Lemm. (Pl. III fig. 9).
Lemm., 1899, P. 347; Bl. Il, 854207:
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
Other known loc, : Atlantic Ocean (Barber).
15. C. neglectum Ostf.? (PI. IV., fig. 22).
Ostf., 1903, p. 584; fig. 135?
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Isé.
Other known loc. : Faeröes Isl.
16. C. macroceras Ehrb., f. (PI. IV., fig. 19).
The individual observed resembled much that which is figured in Ostf.
and Schm., 1901, p. 167, fig. 19. i
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Shima.
17. C. macroceras Ehrb., f.? (Pl. IV., fig. 20).
The curvature and direction of antapical horns are as in typical C.

macroceras ; but, I am not sure if the latter has the apical horn and

PLANKTON OF THE JAPANESE COAST. 129

antapicals in one and the same plane as is the case in the specimens
observed by me. For sake of future comparison I have given two figures
of the present form. Possibly a distinct species.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
18. C. horridum (Cleve) Gran. (Pl. IV., fig. 21 ; fig. 23 (abnormal form)).

Gran, 1902, p. 194.—Ostf., 1903, p. 584; figs. 136-139—Cleve,

1897, p. 302; fig. 4 (C. ¢ripos v. horrida).—Schütt, 1893, p. 70;
fig. 35, IV. (C. 2r250s var. scotica)—Jörgensen, 1900 b, p. 42; PI.
I., fig. 10. (C. Zripos var. macroceras f. intermedia)—Okam. and
Nishikawa, 1904, p. 122; Pl. VL, fig. 5. (C. arcuatum? or C.
longipes ?).

In accordance with Ostenfeld’s view, I have referred the several forms
shown in figs. 21 a- to C. horridum. Most of the forms seem to represent
f. intermedia (a-c); and if it be justifiable to give a name to the rest (4-4), I
shall call these f. /aevis. Schröder has illustrated, in his “ Phytoplankton
des Golfs von Neapel,” Taf. I, fig. 4-7, various forms of C. #ripos var.
macroceras, all of which may be made, I think to belong to this species.

The specimen figured in fig. 23 seems to me to be an abnormal form
probably of this species having two right antapical horns instead of one.

Loc. in Japan; Provinces of Böshyu (May), Shima (Feb.), and Tosa.
Other known loc. : Atlantic and Indian Oceans.
19. C. ranipes Cleve. (Pl. III, fig. 6.)
Cleve, 1900 a, p. 15; PI. VII., fig. 1.—Id., 1901, p. 230.—Schroder,
1901, p. 16; Taf. 1, fig. o-p.—Okam. and Nishikawa, 1904, p.
124 ; fis 112%
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Böshyu (May); Kushimoto in Prov. Kii
(Nishikawa).
Other known loc.: Tropical Atlantic; in the Equatorial, the
Antilles and the Florida current ; around the Azores.
20. C. vultur Cleve. (Pl. IIL, fig. 1.)
Cleve, 1900 a, p. 15 ; Pl. VII., fig. 5.—Ostf. and Schm., 1901, p. 167;
fig. 20.—Okam. and Nishikawa, Pl. VI, fig. 8.

As will be seen from the figures given, the uppermost individual in a

130 K. OKAMURA,

chain differs somewhat from the lowest with respect to the angular flexure
and the gentle curvature of antapical horns, especially of the left one.
Should the lowest individual (i.e., the lowest in the figure and the one
having longest apical horn) be set free, it may readily be taken for a form
of other species of Cerazium. It is in some measure distinguished from
related forms by a stouter form of body and horns. The apical horn

shows low insignificant lists along its ridges.

Loc, in Japan: Prov. Tosa.

Other known loc. : Caribbean Sea; Bahamas ; Indian Ocean.

21. C. volans Cleve. (PI. IV., fig. 18).

Cleve, 1900 a, p. 15; PI. VII. fig. 4.—Ostf. and Schm., 1001, p. 168;

fig 28

I have referred all the forms illustrated in figs. 18, a-d, to this species,
considering that shown in fig. e to be typical, on account of the angular
flexure of antapical horns. If I am right in this identification, it is to be
considered that the individuals are subject to variation in some measure with
respect to the direction and curvature of antapical horns, figs. a and d
representing two extreme cases. Fig. a much resembles C. patentisstimum
with which :this species agrees in the smallness of body. It may be
doubted if the original of fig. d is referable to the present species, on
account of the great approach made by the antapicai horns toward the

apical one.

Loc. in Japan: Provs. of Böshyu and Tosa.

Other known loc.: Atlantic and Indian Oceans.

22. C. patentissimum Ostf. and Schm. (Pl. IL, fig. 2).
Ostf. and Schm., 1901, p. 168; fig. 22.
Loc. in Japan: Provs. of Böshyu and Tosa.

Other known loc.: Red Sea.

23. C. hirundinella f. piburgense Zederb. (PI. IV., fig. 24).
Zederb., 1904, p, 5; T. V., figs. 8-12.
The specimen figured measures: length of apical horn 0.08 mm. ;

length of the right, of the left and of the middle antapical horns,

PLANKTON OF THE JAPANESE COAST. 131

0.045 mm., 0.0375 mm., and 0,0525 mm. respectively ; breadth of girdle,
0.06 mm.
Loc. in Japan: Lake Chuguzi (Nikko; Nov., 18, 1904).
Other known loc. : Europe.
24. Ceratocorys horrida Stein. (Pl. IV., fig. 25).
Schütt, 1896, p. 26; fig. 37.—Murr. and Whitt., 1899, p. 329; PI.
XXX. fig. 5.

The specimen figured measures: length and breadth of body ca.
0.06 mm. ; length of wing 0.06-0.075 mm.; breadth of marginal list
0.025 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
Other known loc.: Mediterranean Sea; Pacific and Indian Oceans.
25. Dinophysis homunculus Stein. f. pedunculata Schm.
(PLV, fig. 40):

Schm., 1901, p. 220, fig. 8.

Total length of body in the specimen shown in fig. 40 4 measures
0.082 mm.; breadth, 0.037 mm.; length of the lower prolongation,
0.026 mm., and breadth of same, 0.013 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Provs. of Böshyu (May) and Tosa.
Other known loc. : Mediterranean Sea ; Indian and Pacific Oceans.
26. D. Vanhöffenii Ostf. (Pl. V., fig. 41).
Eleve, 18992. p= 39; Pl. IV., fig: 7—Id = T900:a;, p.: 16; Pl. VIII,
fig. 3.—Id., p. 926; fig. 8.—Jorgensen, 1901, p. 19; Pl. III,
fig. 33. (D. acuminata var. granulata).

Dimensions of the specimen represented in fig. 41 à, are ca. 0.04 mm.

by 0.033 mm. ; those of c, 0.04 mm. by 0.03 mm.
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Shima.
Other known loc.: Northern Atlantic; Arctic Sea; Davis
Strait ; Yedo Bay (Cleve).
27. Diplopsalis lenticula Bergh. (Pl. V., fig. 44).
Schiitt, 1896, p. 21; fig. 31 A-C.
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
Other known loc.: Azores and Red Sea.

132 K. OKAMURA.

28. Gonyaulax polyedra Stein. (Pl. V., fig. 35).
Schütt, 1896, p. 21; fig. 29.—Jorgensen, 1900 b, p. 34.
Height and breadth (wing exclusive) of the specimen figured are ca.

0.0675 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
Other known loc. : Baltic Sea; Atlantic Ocean ; Pacific Ocean.
29. G. polygramma Stein. (Pl. III, fig. 13).

Nishikawa, 1901-1903, p. 32.

In Nov., 1902, the Gonyaulax made sudden appearence in great
abundance in the Gulf of Isé and on Sept. 26, 1903, swarms of spores,
probably of this species, came into observation in Aguwan, near the»Gulf
of Isé. They gave the water a reddish colour; hence the phenomenon
is known to fishermen under the name of “ aka-shiwo,” i.e., “ red-tide,”
as Mr. Nishikawa has already described.in his paper quoted above.

30. Ornithocercus magnificus Stein. (Pl. IV., fig. 27).

Schütt, 1896, p. 29; fig. 41.—Id., 1900, p. 18; figs. 8-10.—Murr.

and Whitt., 1899, p. 332; PI. 32, fig. 2. (Ærstioneis magnifica).

Specimen figured measures: Height of body ca. 0.05 mm; breadth
of body ca 0.06 mm.; length of one of the longer nerves in the sail
0.06 mm. ; height of marginal list ca. 003 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
Other known loc.: Atlantic and Indian Oceans,
31. Peridinium spinulosum Murr. and Whitt. (Pl. III fig. 14).
Murr. and Whitt., 1899, p. 328; Pl. XXIX., fig. 8.
Height of body in specimen figured measures 0.04 mm.; breadth
0.035 mm.
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
Other known loc.: Atlantic Ocean,
32. P. conicum (Gran) Ostf. and Schm. (Pl. V., fig. 36).
Ostf. and Schm., 1901. p. 174.—Gran, 1902, p. 189; fig. 14.—

Jörgensen, 1900 b, p. 37 (P. denziculare var. michaelis).

PLANKTON OF THE JAPANESE COAST. 133

Height of body of the specimen figured measures ca. 0.09 mm. ;
breadth, ca. 0.08 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa; Shinoshima in Prov. Owari.
Other known loc. : Atlantic Ocean; Red Sea.
33. P. tumidum Sp. nov. (Pl. V., fig. 37).

This species, which is characterised by the swollen body and by the
possession of a list stretched between the bases of antapical horns, is so
nearly related to Perzdinium elegans that one might consider it simply a
variety of the latter species ; but there exist differences in the shape and
size of body, in the absence of teeth at the bases of antapical horns and in
the almost horizontal girdle. In P. e/egans, as known to me (fig. 38, a. 1.),
the list stretching between the bases of antapical horns is visible, but not
so manifest!y as in the present species.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.

34. P. elegans Cleve. (Pl. V., fig. 38).
Cleve, 1900 a, p. 16; Pl. VIL, figs. 15, 16.—Murr. and Whitt, 1899,
Pl, SOCI 402.

Cleve gives in his Atlantic Plankton Organisms, Pl. VII., fig. 16, a
side view of this species, in which figure the body is represented so thick
that the thickness much exceeds the breadth; perhaps this may bea
misrepresentation.

The specimen figured measures: height of body taken from the apex
of apical horn to the tooth at the base of an antapical horn, 0.09 mm. ;
breadth of body, 0.083 mm. ; thickness, 0.045 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
Other known loc. : Atlantic and Indian Oceans ; Red Sea.
35. P. diabolus Cleve. (Pl. V., fig. 39).
Cleve, 1900 a, p. 16; PI. VIL., fig. 20..—Murr. and Whitt., 1899, PI.
XXIX, f. 4b.

Ostf. and Schm., 1901, p. 174.

Length of apical horn in the specimen figured measures ca. 0.037
mm.; that of one of the antapical horns, 0.037 mm; height of body,

0.09 mm. ; breadth of same, 0.11 mm.

134 K. OKAMURA.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
Other known loc. : Atlantic Ocean,
36. Phalacroma Mitra Schütt. (Pl. V., fig. 43.)
Schütt, 1896, fig. 38 A and C.—Murr. and Whitt., 1899, Pl. XXXI,
fig. 7.

Height of body in the specimen figured measures 0.08 mm. ; length

of sagittal axis, ca. 0.07 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.

Other known loc. : Atlantic Ocean.
39. P.sp: (EIN, 1942):

This species seems much to resemble /. winutum Cleve (Atlantic
Plankton Organism., p. 18, Pl. VIII., figs. 10-11); it measures some-
what less than 0.056 mm. in height and 0.052 mm. in breadth.

Loc. in Japan: Tateyama in Prov. Boshyu (June 23, 1906).
38: P. sp. (@ISIV3t0 229)!

The species I am unable to determine with the literature at my
disposal. Its size is as follows: height of body 0.09 mm.; breadth
0.075 mm., and thickness 0.07-0.075 mm. -LP. porodictyum Stein?

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
39. Prorocentrum micans Ehrb.? (PI. IV. fig. 28).

The size of the specimen figured is as follows : length of body 0.057-
0.06 mm.; breadth 0.017-0.02 mm; length of spine 0.0087-0.015
mm.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.

V. Murracytae.

40. Pyrocystis pseudonoctiluca Murr. (PI. V., fig. 20).
Murr., 1895, fig. 57.—Schiitt, 1896, fig. 2 A.—Blackman, 1902, p.
179; Pl. IV., figs. 1-5.
Diameter: 0.418 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Böshyü (May-Aug.)

PLANKTON OF THE JAPANESE COAST. 135

Other known loc. : Red Sea ; Indian and Pacific Oceans ; tropical
Atlantic.
41. P. fusiformis Murr. (Pl. V., fig. 30).
Murr., 1895, fig. 57 c.—Blackman, 1902, p. 183; Pl. IV, fig.
Dimensions : 0.9 mm. by 0.25 mm.
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Boshyu (May); Tosa.
Other known loc. : Red Sea; Atlantic Ocean.
42. P.lanceolata Schröder. (Pl. V., fig. 31).

Schröder, 1901, p. 13; Taf. I., fig. 11.—Blackman, 1902, p. 187;
PL. IV 8?

Length of body in the specimen figured measures 1.033 mm.;
breadth in the broadest part, 0.09 mm. ; breadth in the narrower part
0.03 mm,

Blackman had remarked that he has not discovered any difference
between this species and P. fusiformis.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
Other known loc. : Naples.
43. P.lunula Schütt. (Pl. V., fig. 32).

Schütt, 1896, p. 3; fig. 2. B-F.—Blackman, 1902, p.184; Pl. IV.,
fig. 8.—Hensen, 1887, p. 78; Taf. IV. fig. 30 (Cyst of Gyrmno-
dinium).

Breadth of body in the specimen represented in fig. 32 a. measures

0.055 mm.
Loc. in Japan: Provs. of Tosa and Ise.
Other known loc. : Atlantic and Indian Oceans ; Mediterranean Sea
and Red Sea,
44. P. hamulus Cleve. (PI. V., fig. 33).

Cleve, 1900 a, p. 19; PI. VII., fig. 23.—Blackman, 1902, p. 184;
Pl. TV. Ag 57:

In my material, two individuals form an entire circle measuring 0.45

mm. in diameter and 0.02 mm. in thickness of horn.
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.

Other known loc. : Atlantic and Indian Oceans.

136 K. OKAMURA.

VI. Tripylea (Radiolaria).

45. Aulosphaera labradoriensis Borgert. (Pl. VI., fig. 48).

Borgert, 1901, p. 16; fig. 15, a-b.

In the specimen figured, dimensions are as follows: length of
“Tangential ròhren,” 0.13 mm.; its thickness, 0.0037 mm. ; length
of “ Radialstacheln,” 0.113 mm.; its thickness near base, 0.0082 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Tateyama in Prov. Böshyü (Jure, 2. 1906).
Other known loc. : Atlantic Ocean.
46. Cannosphaera geometrica Borgert. (Pl. VL, fig. 47).

Borgert, 1901, p. 25; fig. 25.

Diameter of inner shell in the specimen figured measures 0.05 mm. ;
that of outer shell, 0.248 mm. ; length of inner radial beam, 0.086 mm. ;
that of outer radial beam, 0.08 mm.

Loc. in Japan : Shirahama in Prov. Böshyü (May, 30, 1906).
Other known loc. : Irminger Sea.
47. Protocystis xiphodon (Haeckel) Borgert. (Pl. III, fig. 17).
Borgert, 1901, p. 27 ; fig. 23.—Haeckel, 1886, p. 1648 (Challengeria
aiphodon).—-Hensen, 1887, p. 79.—Möbius, 1887, p. 121; Taf.
VIII., figs. 41-42.—Jörgensen, 1900 b, p. 91.
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Shima.

Other known loc. : Mediterranean Sea ; Atlantic Ocean.

VII. Tintinnodea (Infusoria).

48. Dictyocysta templum Haeckel. (Pl. VI, fig. 55).
Brandt, 1906, T. III., fig. 1.—Jörgensen, 1900 a, p. 40.—Daday,
1886-87, p. 585; T. XXI, figs 8-9.—Entz, 1886, p. 415; 2, p,
208, T. XIV., figs. 18-21, 23.
In the specimen figured, total height of body measures 0.625 mm.;
height and diam. of neck ring, 0.0225 mm., and 0.0375 mm. respectively ;
and diam. of body, 0,045 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.

PLANKTON OF THE JAPANESE COAST. 137%

Other known loc.: Atlantic Ocean; Red Sea; Madagascar ;
Guinea Stream.
49. Codonella ostenfeldi Schmidt. (Pl. VL, fig. 53).
Brandt, 1906, Taf. 14, figs. 1,2; Taf. 15, fig. 2.—Cleve, 1901, p. 9;
PI. VIL, fig. 15 (syn.? Cod. fenestrata).
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
Other known loc.: Borneo.
50. C. morchella Cleve. (PI. VL, fig. 54).
Cleve, 1899 a, p. 960, fig.—Brandt, 1906, Taf. XIII, figs 1-3; Taf.
XIV Hess: ate XV. fig. 1,

The specimen figured in fig. 53 b. measures: height of proboscis
0.0225 mm.; diam. of mouth 0.0245 mm.; diam. of base of proboscis
0.03 mm.; length and breadth of house 0.045 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Shirahama in Prov. Böshyu (May, 30, 1906);
Prov. Tosa,
Other known loc.: Atlantic and Indian Oceans ; Red Sea.
51. Tintinnopsis lobiancoi v. Daday. (Pl. VL, fig. 56.)
v. Daday, 1886-87, p. 553; T. 10, f. 27.—Brandt, 1906, Taf. 26,
figs. 7-8.

Diam. of mouth in the specimen figured measures 0.035-0.038 mm. ;

that of basal part, 0.03 mm. ; and length of house, 0.16-0.203 mm.
Loc. in Japan : Prov. Tosa.
Other known loc. : Atlantic Ocean.

52. T. fracta Brandt. (Pi. VI. fig. 57.)

Brandt, 1906, p. 4; T. XXIIL, figs. 1, 3-5, 9-13.

The specimen shown in fig. @ measures : diam. of mouth, 0.033-
0.04 mm.; breadth of basal portion, 0.036 mm., and length, 0.232
mm. In fig. b: diam. of mouth, 0.045 mm.; length (in curved state),
0.12 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. losa.
Other known loc. : Borneo, Bombay.
52. T. aperta Brandt. (Pl. VI, fig. 58).
Brandt, 1906, p. 4; T. XXV., figs. 2, 7, 9, 10-12.

138 K. OKAMURA.

Diam. of mouth of the tubular process in the specimen figured
measures 0.0175 mm.; its length, 0.045 mm.; diam. of the swollen
part 0.025 mm.; and total length of house excluding the lower process,

0.07 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
Other known loc. : Tocantins (Brazil), Loanda (Africa).

54. T. tubulosa Levander em. Brandt. (Pl. VI. fig. 59).

Brandt, 1906, Taf. XXIV., figs. 5, 8, 10-11.

The specimen shown in fig. a measures: length, 0.075 mm.; mouth,
0.025 mm. ; and the swollen part 0.03 mm. In fig. 2; 0.085 mm., 0.0275
mm, and 0.0375 mm. respectively.

Loc. in Japan . Prov. Tosa.

Other known loc. ; Nordquist.

55. T. Davidoffi v. cylindrica v. Daday (?) Brandt. (Pl. VI., fig. 60).
Brandt, 1906, Taf. XXV., figs. 1, 3-6, 8.
Mouth and length in the specimen figured measures 0.049 mm. and
0.16 mm. respectively.
Loc. in Japan : Prov. Tosa.

Other known loc. : Atlantic Ocean.

56. T. mortenseni Schmidt. (Pl. VL, fig. 65.)
Brandt, 1906, Taf. XXI., fig. 13.
The specimen figured measures: mouth, 0.07 mm.; diam. of the
tubular part, 0.03 mm.; and height, ca. 0.05 mm.
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.

Other known loc. : Tocantins (Brazil).

57. T. nordquisti Brandt. (Pl. VI, fig. 61).

Brandt, 1906, Taf. XXIV., figs. 1-4.

The specimen figured measures: mouth, 0.042 mm.; basal part of
tube, 0.026 mm.; diam. of basal opening, 0.09 mm.; and height,
0.03 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.

Other known loc. : ‘Tocantins (Brazil), Borneo.

PLANKTON OF THE JAPANESE COAST, 139

58. T. sp. (7. campanula Ehrb. var.?) (Pl. VI, fig. 62).

Mouth in the specimen figured measures 0.045 mm.; basal part,
0.03 mm. ; and height, 0.0825 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
59. T. sp. (7. campanula Ehrb. var.?) (Pl. VI, fig. 63).

Mouth, 0.027 mm.,; height, 0.04 mm.

60. T. sp. (7. campanula Ehrb. var. ?) (Pl. VI, fig. 64).

The specimen figured measures : Mouth, 0.045 mm. ; middle portion,
0.03 mm. ; basal part, 0.0375 mm. ; and height, 0.075 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
61. Cyttarocylus Ehrenbergii (Clap. et Lachm.) Fol. (Pl. VI, fig. 49).

Brandt, 1906, Taf. XLI., figs. 2-4.—v. Daday, 1886-87, p. 583.—

Jorgensen, 1900 a, p. 36.

The specimen figured in fig. à. measures : diam. of mouth, 0.09 mm. ;
length of house, 0.14 mm.; and length of basal process, 0.034
mm.; in fig. 6: diam. of mouth, 0.067 mm., and length of house,
0.142 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Shirahama in Prov. Böshyü (May, 27, 1906).
Other known loc.: Atlantic Ocean.
62. C. Ehrenbergii (Clap. et. Lachm.) var. claparedei (v. Daday) Brandt.
(Pl. VI., fig. 50).
Brandt, 1906, Taf. XLI., figs. 1, 5.—v. Daday, 1886-87, p. 582;
Taf. XXL, figs. 5, 16 (C. claparedii)—Jorgensen, 1900 a, p. 37;
Taf. III, figs. 31, 22. (Syn.? C. Ehrenbergii (Clap. et Lachm.)

Fol. v. subannulata).

The specimen figured measures: diam. of mouth, 0.09 mm.; total
length of house, 0.25 mm. ; broadest diameter of house, 0,0975 mm. at
middle portion; length of lower process, ca. 0.09 mm.; and thickness
of wall, 0.00375 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Shima.

Other known loc. : Atlantic Ocean.

63. Ptychocylis undella (Ostf. & Schm.) Brandt. (Pl. VL, fig. 51).

140 K. OKAMURA.

Brandt, 1906, LIX., figs. 1-5 ; Taf. LXI, figs. 1-8.—Ostf. and Schm.,
I90I, p. 181; fig. 30. (Cyttarocylus undella).
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
Other known loc. : Red Sea and Atlantic Ocean.
64. P. (Rhabdonella) spiralis (Fol.) Brandt var. (Pl. VL, fig. 52).
Brandt, 1906, Taf. LII-LIII. ; Taf. LIV (part).
Loc. in Japan : Prov. Tosa.
65. Tintinnus mediterraneus Mereschk. v. longa Brandt?
(Pl. VI., fig. 66).

Brandt, 1906, Taf. LXV., figs. 6-8 ?

Mouth in the specimen figured measures 0.02 mm. in diam., and
height, 0.06 mm.

Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.
66. T. fraknoi v. Daday. (Pl. VI, fig. 67).
v. Daday, 1886-87, p. 528; Pl. XVIII, fig. 1.—Brandt, 1906, Taf.
LXV., figs. 9, 10, 13, 16-18, 20;

The specimen figured in fig. a measures: mouth, 0.0375 mm. ;
basal part, 0.024 mm.; and length, 0.165 mm. In fig. 4, 0.05 mm.,
0.03 mm., and 0.3 mm., respectively.

67. T. acuminatus Clap. et Lachm. (Pl. VL, fig. 68).
Entz, 1886, p. 201; Taf. XIV., fig. 13.—v. Daday, 1886-87, p. 532;
Taf. XVIII., fig. 6.—Möbius, 1887, p. 10; Taf. VIII, fig. 37.—
Brandt, 1906, Taf. LXVII., figs. 1, 9.—Jorgensen, 1900 a, p. 8,
Taf. t., fig et:

Length and breadth near neck measure in the specimen figured

0.3 mm and 0.02 mm, respectively.
Loc. in Japan: Prov. Tosa.

Other known loc. : Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea.

PLANKTON OF THE JAPANESE COAST. I4I

Literature consulted.

Blackman, V. H. 1902.

Borgert, A.
Brandt, K.

Cleve, P. T.

v. Daday, E.

Entz, G.

1901.

1906.

1397.

13994.

159090.

19002.

19002.

I90I.

1886-87.

1884.

Observations on the Pyrocysteae. — New Phy-
tologist, Vol. I, 1902, p. 178-188, Pl. IV.
Die nordischen Tripyleen-Arten.—Brandt's
Nordisches Plankton. I. Lief. XV.

Die Tintinnodeen der Plankton-Expedition.—
Hensen’s Plankton-Expedition. Bd. III. L. a.
Report on the Phytoplankton collected on the
Expedition of H.M.S. “ Research,” 1896.—
rsth. Ann. Rep. Fishery Board, Scotland.
FES 3.

Some Atlantic Tintinnodea.—Ofv. af kongl.
Vetens.-Akad. Förhandl. 1899, No. 10.
Plankton collected by the Swedish expedition
to Spitzbergen in 1898.—Kongl. Sv. Vetens.
Akad. Handl. Vol. 32, No. 3.

Notes on some Atlantic Plankton organisms.
—Kongl. Sv. Vetens. Akad. Handl. Vol. 34,
No. I.

Plankton from the southern Atlantic and the
southern Indian Ocean.—Kongl. Vet. Akad.
Förhandl., 1900, No. 8.

Plankton from the Indian Ocean and the
Malay Archipelago.—Kongl. Sv. Vetens.
Akad. Handl. Bd. 35, No. 5.

Monographie der Familie der Tintinnodeen.
—Mittheil. aus der Zoolog. Station zu Neapel.
Bd. 7, p. 473-591.

Ueber Infusorien des Golfes von Neapel.—
Mittheil. aus der Zoolog. Station zu Neapel.

Bd...

142

Entz, G.

Gomont, M.

Gourret, P.

Gran, H. H.

Haeckel, E.

Hensen, V.

Jörgensen, E.

19002.

19000.

1901.

1349.

1865.

1899.

1901.

K. OKAMURA,

Zur naheren Kenntniss der Tintinnodeen. Id.
Bd. 6.

Monographie des Oscillarieés (Ann. Sci. Nat.
Bot. Ser. VII. Vols. 15 and 16).

Sur les Péridiniens du Golfe de Marseille.—
Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Marseille ; t. I.

Das Plankton des Norwegischen Nordmeeres.
—Rep. on Norwegian Fishery- and Marine-
Investigations ; Vol. 2, No. 5.

Report on the Radiolaria collected by H.M.S.
Challenger during the years 1873—76. Chal-
lenger Expedition Vol. XVIII, Part 2.
Ueber die Bestimmung des Planktons oder
des im Meere treibenden Materials an Pflan-
zen und Thieren; (Fünfter Ber. Komm.
Wiss. Unters. deutsch. Meere, Kiel).

Ueber die Tintinnodeen der norwegischen
Westküste (Bergens Museum Aarbog 1899,
No. II).

Protophyten und Protozoén im Plankton aus
der Norw. Westküste. (Berg. Mus. Aarbog
1899. No. VI.)

Protistenplankton aus dem Nordmeere in den
Jahren 1897--1900.—Bergens Museums Aar-
bog 1500 No. 6.

Species Algarum.

Die Kieselschaligen Bacillarien oder Diato-
meen.

Ergebnisse einer Reise nach dem Pacific.
(H. Schauinsland 1896/97). Planktonalgen.
(Abh. des Naturh. Vereins Bremens, Bd. 16).
Silicoflagellatae.—Ber. d.'deutsch. bot. Gesell-

sch., 1901, Bd. XIX, p. 247-271.

PLANKTON OF THE JAPANESE COAST. 143

Lemmermann, E. 1903. Flagellatæ, Chlorophyceæ, Coccosphaerales
und Silicoflagellatae.—Brandt’s Nordisches
Plankton XXI.

Mobius, RK. 1887. Systematische Darstellung der Thiere des
Plankton. (5 ter Ber. Komm. Wiss. Unters.
deutsch. Meere, Kiel).

Murray, G. 1895. An Introduction to the Study of Seaweeds.

Murray, G. and Whitting, F. G. 1899. New Peridiniaceae from the
Atlantic.—The Transactions of the Linn. Soc.
of London. Bot., Vol. V. Part 9.

Nishikawa, T. 1901-1903. Gonyaulax and the Discolored Water in the
Bay of Agu—Annot. Zool. Japon. Vol. IV.,
Patter:

Okamura, K. and Nishikawa, T. 1904. A List of the Species of Cera-
tium in Japan.—Annot. Zool. Japon. Vol. V,
Part, 3:

Ostenfeld, C. H. 1903. Phytoplankton from the Sea around the
Faeroes.—Bot. of the Faerdes II. Det Nor-
diske Forlag.

Ostenfeld, C. H. and Schmidt, J. 1901. Plankton fra det Rode Hav og
Adenbugten.—Vidensk. Meddel. fra den Nat.
Forening i Kbhvn.

Schmidt, J. 1901 Peridiniales.—Flora of Koh Chang. Contribu-
tions to the Knowledge of the Vegetation in
the Gulf of Siam.

Schmitz, F. 1877. Ueber eine neue Gattung d. Mittelmeeres.—
Mittheil. aus d. Zool. Station zu Neapel
Bder:

Schroder, B. 1901. Das Phytoplankton des Golfes von Neapel

nebst vergl. Ausblicken auf das des Atlan-
tischen Oceanes.—Mitheil. Zool. Stat. Neapel.
Baer:

144 K. OKAMURA.

Schiitt, F. 1893. Das Pflanzenleben der Hochsee.—Reise-
beschreibung der Plankton-Expedition.

1896. Peridinales und Bacillariales. — Engler u.
Prantl: Die natürl. Pflanzenfam. Lief. 143-
145.

ss 5 1900. Centrifugal Dickenwachsthum der Membran.

Bot. Ztg., 1900.

Wille, N. 1903. Schizophyceen.—Brandt’s Nordisches Plank-
ton XX.
Zederbauer, E. 1904. Ceratium hirundinella in den österreichischen

Alpenseen.—Osterreich. Bot. Zeitsch. Jahr.

1904. No, 4 u. 5.

Postscript.

At a time when the printing of the present paper was nearly finished,
I have received Schroder’s interesting work “ Beiträge zur Kenntnis des
Phytoplanktons warmer Meere ” kindly sent me by the author. In that
paper, a number of Ceratium species, mostly from the Pacific, are described
as new. I regret to say that I differ from him with regard to the status
assigned to several of the species put down by him. It will be admitted
by all that the organisms in question are subject to very considerable
variation as to their morphological characters. Thus, as I have mentioned
in the text, even the two individuals at the ends of one and the same
Ceratium chain may differ in the curvature and the direction of antapical
horns to such an extent, that when observed singly and separately their
specific identity may be placed in doubt (see fig. 1, Pl. III). Nearly
equally striking is the variation shown by C. gibberum (figs. 3 a-d) in the
curvature of the right antapical horn. The same may further be said of
C. volans (fig. 18, Pl. IV) and of C. horridum (figs. 21 a-f). Taken all in

PLANKTON OF THE JAPANESE COAST. 145

all, it seems to me that such characters as the length of horns or the
manner of curvature in their course, unless exceptionally pronounced, are
by themselves altogether too unsafe features to base specific distinction
on. Of much greater importance for the purpose seem to me to be the
general form and rigidity of body as well as the angular flexure and the
direction of horns at origin. Basing myself on this standpoint, I venture
to put down the following comparative table between the Cératium species
described or mentioned by Schröder (left column) and those set forth by

me in the present paper (right column).

Ceratium subcontortum Schroder=C. contortum (Gourr.) Cleve
(Pl Tee 4):
C. saltans Schroder= C. gvbberum Gourr. (Pl. III. fig. 3).
C. Okamurai Schröder=probably €. horridum f. (Pl. IV, fig. 212).
C. acquatoriale Schröder=a form of C. vultur Cleve (e.g. the lower
one of two shown in PI. III, fig. 1).
C. ceylanicum Schròder= C. patentissimum Ostf. and Schm.
(RICE fie, 2):
C. elegans Schréder= C. patentissimum Ostf. and Schm.
(PETIy ie. 12)
C. Hundhauseni Schroder= C. volans Cleve (Pi. IV, fig. 18c).
C. palmatum Schroder=probably C. ranipes Cleve (PI. III, fig. 6).

Pyrocystis hamulus Cleve var. semicircularis Schroder= P. hamulus f.

146

Fig.

Fig.

io:

Fig.

N

Us

K. OKAMURA,

Explanation of Figures in Pl. III.—VI.

Plate III.

Ceratium vultur Cleve. From Prov. Tosa.

a, individuals in a chain; X97.

b, the uppermost individual of above; x 220.

c, two consecutive individuals from the lower end of the
chain ; X 220.

C. patentissimum Ostf. and Schm.

a, from Prov. Boshyù; x 97.

b, from Prov. Tosa; x 56.

c. portion of the same specimen as 2, more highly magni-
fed; X 097.

C. gibberum Gourr. From Prov. Tosa.

a, a specimen ; X 97.

b, another specimen in frontal view ; x 220.

c, same as fig. à. in dorsal view; x 220.

d, still another specimen ; X 220.

e, same as c, viewed from the apex; xX 220.

C. contortum (Gourr.) Cleve. From Prov. Tosa.

a, dorsal view; X 220.

b, ventral view of another specimen; X 220.

C. gravidum Gourr. Body seen from side; xo7. From
Prov. Böshyu.

C. ranipes Cleve. From Prov. Böshyu. x ca. 220.

C. lineatum v. longisetum Ostf. and Schm.

a and #, two specimens from Prov. Shima; x 390.

C. limulus Gourr. From Gulf of Tateyama in Prov. Böshyü.

a, dorsal view; X 390.

b, side view of same; X 390.

C. hexacanthum Gourr. v. contortum Lemm. From Prov.

Tosa.

Fig.

Fig.

Fig.

Fig.

8. 1a:

TI.

13:

14.

BI;

16.

EX:

PLANKTON OF THE JAPANESE COAST. 147

a, body seen from the left side ; x 175
6, dorsal view of same; x 97.

(The extremity of the left antapical horn broken and dilated.)
Dictyocha fibula Ehrb. From Prov. Tosa. x 600.

D. fibula var. stapedia (Haeckel) Lemm. From Prov.
Tosa. x 600.

Distephanus speculum (Ehrb.) Haeckel v. pentagonus
f. armata Lemm. From Prov. Tosa. x 390.
a, seen from below.

b, same seen from side.

Gonyaulax polygramma Stein. a and è, from Gulf of Ise;
c and d, from Aguwan in Prov. Shima.

a, ventral view ; x 600.

6, apical view of same ; x 600.

c and d, spores, probably of this species; x 600.

Peridinium spinulosum Murr. and Whitt. From Prov.
Voss, 1 %.600.

a, dorsal view.

b, ventral view of same.

Amphisolenia bidentata Schröder. From Prov. Tosa.

a, entire body ; X 140.

6, apical portion of body ; x 600.

c, frontal view of the lower end of body ; x 600.

d, side view of same ; x 390.

Halosphaera viridis Schm. From Shirahama in Prov.
Boshyu.

a, cell in living state; x 56.

b, one of chromatophores, moderately magnified.

Protocystis xiphodon (Haeckel) Borgert. From Prov.
Shima.

a, body ; x 220.

6, part of reticulation; x 600.

148

Fig.

Big:

Eig. 2

Fig.

Fig.

Fig.

K. OKAMURA.

Plate nie

Ceratium volans Cleve. a—c, from Prov. Tosa; d-—e from
Gulf of Tateyama in Prov. Böshyü.

a—e, different forms of C. volans ; a, d, e, X97; b,c, X56.

C. macroceras Ehrb. f. From Prov. Shima (February, 3,
1904). X 140.

C. macroceras Ehrb, f.? From Prov. Tosa. X 97.

a, body seen from the side of left antapical horn.

6, seen from the ventral side of same.

C. horridum (Cleve) Gran.

a, b, c,—f. intermedia (a, X 140; b, X 144; 0, X 97).

a, e, À, gs hf. laevis n.f. (d, f, g, h, X97; e, X 220).

a, b, a, f, I, from Prov. Böshyu (May); c, from Prov. Shima
(Feb.); e, 8, from Prov. Tosa.

C. neglectum Ostf.? Specimen obtained from Prov. Isé (Feb.

11, 1904) somewhat broken. x 300.

C. horridum (Cleve) Gran; abnormal form. From Prov.
Boshyu. X 140.

C. hirundinella f. piburgense Zederbauer. From Lake Chuguji
(Nikko). x 390.

Ceratocorys horrida Stein. From Prov. Tosa.

a, lateral view; X 390.

b, same seen from above ; x 390.

c, same seen from below ; x 200.

Phalacroma sp. From Prov. Tosa. x 220.

a, body seen from lower end.

b, right side view of same.

c, ventral view of same.

Ornithocercus magnificus Stein. From Prov. Tosa.

a, Left side view ; x 390.

6, right side view of same; x 220.

c, ventral view ; diagrammatic, slightly magnified.

Fig.

Fig.

Fig.
Fig.

39:
40.

PLANKTON OF THE JAPANESE COAST. 149

Prorocentrum micans Ehrb.? From Prov. Tosa. x 390.
a, shell devoid of contents.

è, another specimen with contents.

Plate V.

Pyrocystis pseudonoctiluca Murr. From Prov. Böshyü. x 97.
P fusiformis Murr. From Prov. Boshyu (May, 23, 1905).

P. lanceolata Schroder. From Prov. Tosa.

Cell, x97; above, an extremity magnified 600 times.

P. lunula Schütt.

a and c, from Prov. Tosa, x 220; 4, from Prov. Isé, x 600.

P. hamulus Cleve. From Prov. Tosa. x 97.

Blepharocysta splendor maris Ehrb. From Prov. Tosa. x 390.

a, body seen from below; è, ventral view of same ; c, dorsal
view of same ; 4, apical view of same.

Gonyaulax polyedra Stein. From Prov. Tosa. x 220.

Peridinium conicum (Gran.) Ostf. and Schm. From Prov.
Tosa. x 390.

P. tumidum Sp. nov. From Prov. Tosa.
a, X220; b—e, X 97.

a and d, dorsal view.

6 and c, ventral view of same ; e, right side view of same.

P. elegans Cleve. From Prov. Tosa.

a, ventral view showing the membranous list, /; x 220.

db, dorsal view of another specimen ; x 300.

c, side view of same ; x 390.

P. diabolus Cleve. From Prov. Tosa. x 220.

Dinophysis homunculus Stein f. pedunculata Schm.

a, one of the two jointed together ; from Prov. Boshyu; x 390.

6, more robust form, with 1-3 teeth-like elevations on the

lower extremities, c and 4 ; from Prov. Tosa; x 390.

Fig.

=
Fig.

Fig.

AT:

43:

. 44.

45.

46.

A7.

As:

49.

UA

O.

K. OKAMURA.

D. Vanhöffenii Ostf. From Prov. Shima.

a, right-side view; X 399.

5, dorsal view of the same specimen; x 600.

c, another specimen ; x 600.

Phalacroma sp. From Tateyama in Prov. Boshyu. x 390.

a, lateral; à, dorsal; c, ventral views of a specimen.

P. Mitra Schütt. From Prov. Tosa.

a, lateral; 2, ventral views ofa specimen; X 390.

Diplopsalis lenticula Bergh. From Prov. Tosa.

a, lateral; 2, dorsal; c, d, ventral views of a specimen; the

last fig. as seen in a slightly oblique direction; x 390.

Plate AIT:

Trichodesmium erythraeum Ehrb. From Prov. Tosa.

a, plants in nat. size, with three tufts of filaments, J, enlarged ;
x 56.

c, filaments ; x 600.

T. Thiebautii Gomont. From Prov. Tosa.

a, tuft in nat. state; x 56.

6, filaments ; x 390.

Cannosphaera geometrica Borgert, From Shirahama in
Prov. Böshyu. x 140.

Au'osphaera labradoriensis Borgert. From Tateyama in
Prov. Boshyu.

a; fragment; x 97. à, “ Radial stacheln ;” x 600.

c—d, two knots of the network ‘ Tangential rôhren ” ; x 390.

Cyttarocylus Ehranbergii (Clap. et Lachm) Fol. From
Shirahama in Prov, Boshyu.

4; 007107 A220:

C. Ehrenbergii (Clap. et Lachm.) var. d. Claparedei (v. Daday)
Brandt. From Prov. Shima.

a, X220; b, portion of reticulation, x 660.

IE,

PLANKTON OF THE JAPANESE COAST.

151

Ptychocylis undella (Ostf. and Schm.) Brandt. From Prov.

Tosa; X 390.

P. (Rhabdonella) spiralis (Fol.) Brandt var. From Prov.

Dom er
Codonella ostenfeldi Schm. From Prov. Tosa.
ERBE X:390.

C. morchella Cleve.

a, From Shirahama in Prov. Boshyu; x 390. 4, from Prov.

Tosa; X 390.
Dictyocysta templum Haeckel. From Prov. Tosa.

a, X600; à, house seen from below, x 340.

Tintinnopsis lobiancoi v. Daday. From Prov, Tosa. x 390.

. fracta Brandt. From Prov. Tosa. x 390.

. aperta Brandt. From Prov. Tosa. x 600.

. tubulosa Levander em. Brandt. From Prov. Tosa.
X 390; 4, X 600.

SS Sea

. Davidoffi var. cylindrica v. Daday (?) Brandt.

n

. nordquisti Brandt. From Prov. Tosa. x 390.
- Sp. From Prov. Tosa. x 300.
. sp. From Prov. Tosa. x 600.

. Sp. From Prov. Tosa. x 390.

aah Toh Teale] bee

. mortensenii Schm. From Prov. Tosa. x 220.

Tintinnus mediterraneus Mereschk. var. longa Brandt ?
From Prov. Tosa. x 600.

T. fraknoi v. Daday. From Prov. Tosa.

HS OUPS X 220.

T. acuminatus Clap. et Lachm. From Prov. Tosa. x 340.

t, X97; à, the same as a, X 390. Both from Prov. Tosa.

NOTICE.

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All business communications should be sent to THE SECRETARY

OF THE TOKYO ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY, College of Science,

Imperial University, Tokyo.

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ANNOTATION ES

ZOOLOGICH JAPONENSES.

Vol. VI. Part IIL

PUBLISHED
BY
The Tokyo Zoological Society,
TOKYO.

December, 1907.

N
f
i
UT

CONTENTS:.

On Japanese Species of Corbicula.

By Henry A. Pilsbry.

Notiz über Syrtomis germana Feld.
Von T.. Miyake

An Annotated List of the Lepidoptera of Oki.
By T. MIvAKE

iy | ! à À
Eine neue Süsswassermeduse aus China.

Von A. OKA

Vorläufige Mitteilung über einige neue japanische Primnoid-

Korallen.

Von K. KINOSHITA

PAGE

ATS

TOT

108

.-219

11220

On Japanese Species of Corbicula.

BY

Henry A. Pilsbry, Sc. D.
(With Plate VII).

The first records of Corbicula, from Japan were by Temple Prime, in
1864, who described two species, C. ana and € japonica. In 1878 Dr.
O. Reinhardt reviewed the Japanese species in a valuable paper, describ-
ing several new forms. Later, they were included by Clessin in his mono-
graph of the family, and by Kobelt in his useful Zauna, 1879. Professor
von Martens (1877), and the present writer (1001) have also contributed to
the literature of the group.

Specific differences in Corbicu/a are not strongly developed, though
a great deal of local differentiation is evidently in progress, so that one
can almost say that every lot gathered has its own minor peculiarities. In
this multitude of forms differing by slight, often hardly definable, charac-
ters, it is difficult to define conventional species. As in the holarctic
Pisidia, the modifications have in a large degree not reached the
“specific” stage. Yet by taking account of only their more important
features, the known Japanese forms may be grouped into less than a dozen
reasonably well-characterized species, though it cannot be claimed that
every specimen or form which may be encountered can easily be referred
to one or other of them.*

The following descriptions are based chiefly upon a series of
specimens from the Imperial Household Museum, furnished by Mr. T.
Iwakawa ; but I have also studied specimens presented to the Academy

of Natural Sciences by T. Prime, Y. Hirase and others.

* In dealing with the Chinese species, Père Heude has attempted to name every local form,
a task I believe to be practically impossible, aud if accomplished the result would be absolutely

useless to any other zoologist from the impossibility of again recognizing the forms.

154 HENRY A. PILSBRY.

Key to Species.

I. Nymphs strongly roughened (see the text-figure on p. 155.)
a. Shell oval, coarsely ribbed, the hinge-line arched.

6. Cavity of the valves white or violet-tinted, becoming deep violet below

the pallial line ; beaks moderately projecting ; shell of medium size.

C. leana Prime.

5. Interior purple; beaks very low ; upper margin of valves not more arched

than the lower margin ; shell small and delicate. C. awajiensis Pils.

a'. Shell subtriangular, the valve-borders straightly sloping from the beaks; lateral

teeth long and straight ; exterior rather finely ribbed ; size large.
C. orthodonta Pils.

II. Nymphs nearly smooth, only minutely roughened.
a. Exterior partly smooth on the convex or median portion of the valves.
d. Shell oval-triangular. C japonica Prime.
5. Triangular, the beaks very !arge and prominent ; hinge very strong.
C. sandai Reinh.

a. Exterior coarsely ribbed ; interior violet, paler or whitish in the cavity ; cardinal

teeth oblique ; length 27, alt. 23.5, diam. 15.2 mm. C. viola Pils.

a’, Exterior densely striate or rib-striate.

6. Shell oblong, with low beaks and low-arched hinge-margin.
C. sadoensis Pils.

4. Shell subtriangular, with prominent beaks and more angular hinge-margin.
C. nipponensis Pils.

There is another species, or group of closely related species, which I
have not seen, though they are from around Yokohama. This species or
group has received the following names: (1) C. fuscata var. atrata
Reinh., renamed C. Martensi by Clessin ; (2) C. donitziana Cless. ; (3) C.
transversa Cless.,= C. ovalis Reinh., and perhaps the same as C. Voko-

hamensis Sowerby (Conch. Icon. XX, pl. 12, fig. 55).

The collection from the Imperial Household Museum contains the

following species :

ON JAPANESE SPECIES OF CORBICULA. 155

Corbicula leana Prime. (Plate VII, fig. 5, 6.)

C. leana Prime, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. of New York, VIII, p. 68 (Japonia).
C. reiniana Clessin, Conchylien Cabinet, Cycladeen, p. 106, pl. 39, f. 8, 9

(Yokohama).

? C. straminea Reinhardt, Jahrb. d. Malak. Ges. V, 1878, p. 186, pl. 5, f. I

(Hakone Lake).

PC. perata Rein, lc. p. 193, pl. 5,f.6. Kobelt, Fauna, p. 156, pl. 20,

182:

This common and wide-spread species may be recognized by its
coarsely sculpture nymphs (see the woodcut), coarse ribs of the exterior, and
triangular-oval shape. It varies from yellow or greenish yellow in young
and half-grown shells, to black in old ones, and the interior is violet.
The specimens before me are from the following localities.

Hondo: SAinainuma, Rikuzen; Kasumigaura, Hitachi; Tokyo and
Niisomura, Musashi; Gifu, Mino; Kahokugata, Kaga; Koyamaike,
Inaba ; Osaka and Shikanjima, Osaka, Idzumi.

Shikoku: Kotohira, Sanuki.

Kyushu: Saga, Hizen; Yanagawa, Chikugo; Kagoshima and Sen-

daigawa, Satsuma.

Part of the hinge of the left valve of Corbicula leana, showing the broken ligament Z, and

the nymph M.

The specimens from Satsuma are all small, those apparently adult
measuring 20 to 24 mm. long. In Hizen they are also small, not exceed-
ing 25 mm. long; but some localities in the north also supply equally
small shells. In many places, as around Osaka, they grow to a length of

30 to 40 mm.

156 HENRY A. PILSBRY.

From Lake Suwa, Shinano, a series of peculiar shells was collected,
measuring only 18 to 22 mm. long, the outside pale greenish yellow, the
interior whitish in the cavity, pale purple below the pallial line. These
shells agree with € /cana in sculpture etc., but differ in the color inside, all
other /eana, I have seen being violet.

Although it is widely distributed, I have not seen this or any other
Corbicula from Yesso.

I have not seen specimens of C. straminea Reinh. from Hakone
Lake, the type locality, but I cannot see, from the description and figures,
that it differs materially from the young of C. Zana. This question may

be taken up again when a collection is made at Hakone.

Corbicula orthodonta n. sp. Plate VII, fig. 1, 2.

The shell is somewhat triangular, the upper margins sloping steeply
and straight on each side of the high beaks, the basal margin evenly
arcuate. The anterior end is broadly rounded, the posterior end narrower
and somewhat lengthened. The glossy surface is sculptured with rather
closely set ribs, slightly narrower than the intervals, and about one
millimeter from crest to crest in the middle of the valve. In old shells the
ribs are obsolete near the basal margin. The color is greenish-yellow with
wide blackish zones, old shells being mainly black. The interior is
lusterless, violet-tinted white. The hinge is rather narrow. Nymphs
narrow and strongly roughened. Inthe right valve the posterior cardinal
tooth is parallel to and in line with the posterior lateral, but the posterior
edge of the anterior cardinal tooth points towards the middle of the basal
margin. In the left valve the upper end of the anterior lateral tooth is
separated from the adjacent cardinal tooth by a deep furrow. The muscle
impressions are small but distinct.

Length 48, height 42.5, diam. 25.5 mm.

» 46, » : 405,05 24.0

Habitat, Owari.
The unusually straight slopes of the dorsal borders of the valves, on

both sides of the rather small but high beaks give this mussel a some-

ON JAPANESE SPECIES OF CORBICULA. 157

what triangular outline. It is further distinguished by the moderately
fine rib-striæ, the long straight lateral teeth, rough nymphs, and the
rather light structure for so large a shell. It does not seem to be a
common mussel ; I have seen only the type lot, sent by Mr. Iwakawa, and

several shells collected by Mr. John B. Henderson.

Corbicula japonica Prime.

C. japonica Prime, Annals Lyc. etc., VIII, p. 68 (Japan, Gulick).

C. biformis Reinh., Jahrb. d. Malak. Ges. 1878, p. 189, pl. 5, fig. 3.

Tokyo (Rein), Tokushima, Awa (Iwakawa). Distinguished by its
partly smooth exterior, which has irregularly spaced riblets on the lower
half and on the anterior end. The beaks are much smaller than in €

sandai, and the hinge is narrower,

Corbicula sandai Reinhardt. Plate VII, fig. 17, 18.

Jahrb. d. Malak. Ges. V, 1878, p. 187, pl. 5, f. 2.

Kyoto (Rein); Lake Biwa and Seta, Omi; Sendaigawa and Kago-
shima, Satsuma (Iwakawa and Hirase).

Known by its large, high and inflated beaks and strong teeth. It
varies from yellowish olive to black externally, violet or white inside, or
in some places it is yellow or olive-yellow outside, pinkish white with
salmon-tinted border within. This light form often has violet stains on
the teeth.

This species has not been found north of Lake Biwa.

Some small and very pretty specimens were taken with C. sandai at
Sendaigawa, Satsuma. They are nearly smooth near the beaks, which are
not worn. The outside is light yellow, largely covered with black zones
and hair-like radial lines forming rays. The interior is white, with a yellow-
ish tint at the basal margin. The posterior end is broadly and indistinctly

truncate.

155 HENRY A. PILSBRY.

Corbicula viola n. sp. Plate VII, fig. 7, 8, 9, 10.

The shell is ovate or triangular-oval in outline, rather coarsely sculp-
tured with narrow riblets which are rather widely spaced. On the
posterior slope the riblets disappear, giving place to a dull, somewhat
lamellose cuticle, but elsewhere the surface has a varnish-like gloss. It is
yellow with brown concentric streaks, or in older shells, brownish-black
with some light streaks. The anterior end is broadly rounded, the dorsal
border highly arched, with rather prominent beaks, the slopes slightly
convex ; the posterior end is narrower and more lengthened than the
anterior.

The interior is dark violet below the pallial line, lighter or whitish-
violet in the cavity. In the right valve both cardinal teeth are oblique,
nearly parallel with the posterior lateral tooth. In the left valve the anterior
lateral is separated by a deep notch from the adjacent cardinal tooth.
The narrow nymphs are only very minutely roughened.

Length 27, alt. 23.3, diam. 15 mm.

Chikumanaiko, Lake Biwa. Types collected by Mr. T. Iwakawa.

This seems from the material at hand to be a distinct species, differ-
ing from C. japonica and C. sandaî by the development of ribs over the
whole median portion of the valves, and from C. mipponensıs by the coarse
sculpture and more oblique cardinal teeth. It differs more fundamentally
from C. /cana and its immediate allies by the much less coarsely

roughened nymphs.

C. viola is rather a small mussel, and those received have a dingy

exterior until cleaned, being thinly covered with a ferrous deposit.

Corbicula sadoensis Pilsbiy. Plate VII, fig. 15, 16.

Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1901, p. 406 (Sado).
Sado Island (Hirase); Kahokugata, Kaga (Iwakawa). Closely related

to C. nipponensis, but longer and less high, with the hinge margin much

less curved.

ON JAPANESE SPECIES OF CORBICULA. 159

Corbicula awajiensis Pilsbry. Plate VII, fig. 13, 14.

Awaji Island.

Corbicula nipponensis n. sp. Plate VIL, fig. 3, 4.

Shell rounded-oval, with moderately elevated. beaks; oliveaceous
with chestnut or blackish concentric streaks or zones, or mainly black
with some lighter zones, the posterior slope usually black. Surface glossy
as though varnished; rather finely striated, but often irregularly so.
Lunule defined by a narrow raised line. Dorsal slopes of the valves
convex, ends rounded, the posterior end slightly more produced. Hinge
strong, the nymphs wide and only very minutely roughened. Cardinal
teeth diverging, the middle one subvertical in the right valve, oblique but
not parallel to the posterior lateral in the left valve. The anterior lateral
tooth in the left valve is well separated from the adjacent cardinal by a
deep notch. Interior violet whitish, usually with a dark violet band along
the basal margin.

Length 40}, alt. 37, diam. 23 mm.

Kogawaranuma, Mutsu.

C. nipponensis is chiefly ‚characterized by its wide, smoothish
nymphs, distinct, smooth lunule, fine striation, and by having the lateral
teeth usually not curved at the ends by the encroachment of the posterior
adductor muscle. It is closely related to C. sadoensis, but that is longer
and less triangular, with shallower beak cavities, and the hinge-line forms
a lower arch. C. sadoensis is evidently an insular modification of the
widely distributed C. zipponensts.

The type lot of C. nipponensis consists of remarkably beautiful shells
with a varnish-like gloss. In another lot from Mutsu at Jusangata (Jusan-
mura), the shell is black, less lustrous, and smaller, length 34}, alt. 304,
diam. 19 mm.; the striation is very distinct, and there is usually a purple
stain in the cavity of the beaks, which is not present in the type lot.

Other shells from Shariki-mura, Mutsu, are similar to the preceding or

larger ; length 38, alt. 35, diam. 23 mm.

t

160 HENRY A. PILSBRY.

The same species ranges southward along the west coast to Echigo
and Matsue, Izumo. Here the shells are large and rounded, with very
full beaks, much eroded in adults. The exterior is black, the inside
whitish, blue-stained at the ends, and sometimes with a purple spot in the
beak-cavity. An old shell measures, length 40, alt. 36, diam. 27.5 mm.

These shells resemble the following variety in coloration.

Corbicula nipponensis delicata n. subsp. Plate VII, fig. 11, 12.

The shell is similar to C. nipponensis in general characters, but is
smaller and thinner, the hinge and nymphs narrower. Surface finely
striated, smooth at the beaks, blackish with several brown and black zones
and sometimes some black rays, usually not conspicuous. The interior
is light violet or whitish, paler in the middle, and marked with a purple or
violet spot in the cavity of the beaks.

Length 25.5, alt. 24.8, diam. 14.8 mm.

Imaegata, Kaga.

This variety occurs also at Kahokugata, Kaga, uniform black
specimens, and at Togoike, Hoki, where the shells are black, with the
interior bluish-white or violaceous-white, with a very conspicuous purple

spot in the cavity of the beaks.

Explanation of Plate VII.

Ten, ve; Corbicula orthodonta Pils. Owari.
a VE TEN si nipponensis ,, . Kogawaranuma, Mutsu.
re RO ET + leana Prime. Shikanjima, Osaka. _
758,0, To: 5 viola Pils. Chikumanaiko, Lake Biwa,
ADL ee, 5 nipponensis delicata Pils. Iwaegata, Kıga.
13014 % awajiensis Pils. Noda, Awaji.
No 5 sadoensis ,,. Sado.

ORTES: > sandai Reinh. Lake Biwa,

Notiz über Syntomis germana Feld.
VON
T. Miyake, Rigakushi.

Auf der Hauptinsel Japans, Honto, sind bis jetzt nur zwei Arten von
Syntomiden bekannt geworden; es sind dies nämlich Synzormis Fortuner
De l’Orza und Syntomis germana Feld. Auch wird S. erebina Butl.
von einigen Entomologen als eine dritte hier vorkommende Art auf-
gestellt; dieser Name ist aber als nur synonymisch mit der erst genannten
Art zu betrachten. Von den zwei Arten, ist S. germana viel seltener als
die andere, welche man zu gewissen Jahreszeiten überall sehr zahlreich zu
finden pflegt.

S. germana hat einen gelben Leib, und diese Farbe erstreckt sich bis
zum hintersten Ende. Von denjenigen Synzomis-Arten, welche einen
gelben Leib besitzen, unterscheidet man zwei Gruppen: (1) die Arten,
bei welchen der ganze Leib gelb gefärbt ist, und (2) die Arten, bei
welchen das Hinterende schwarz gefärbt ist. Sonach muss man
S. germana zur ersteren Gruppe und die in Formosa vorkommende
S. perixanthia und S. formosae zur zweiten zuzahlen. Bei der Bestim-
mung der Arten ist auf diese Merkmale wohl zu achten.

Nun im letzten Jahre, bei einer entomologischen Sammelreise in der
Provinz Kii, der südlichen Ecke der Hauptinsel, habe ich am 27 sten
Juli, auf einem Berge nahe Chikatsuyu, einem der innersten Dörfer der
Provinz, drei Exemplare von Synzomis gefangen. Sie stimmen im
Wesentlichen mit der gewöhnlichen S. germana überein, doch ist das
Hinterende des Leibes (Stes Abdominalsegment) schwarz gefärbt. Sie sind
alle Männchen und sind übrigens etwas grösser im Körper als die gewöhn-
liche Form der eben genannten Art. An sämmtlichen drei Exemplaren
beträgt die Spannweite der Flügel 34 mm. Länge des Körpers 15 mm.

Eine sehr interessante Tatsache bietet der schwarz gefärbte Teil des

162 T. MIYAKE.

Abdomen dar. Wie man in der beigegebenen Figur sieht, ist beim
Exemplar I das achte Segment gänzlich schwarz ; beim Exemplar II zeigt
dasselbe Segment einen isolirten gelben Fleck auf der oberen Seite ;
schliesslich beim Exemplar III ist derselbe Fleck bedeutend grösser.

Es liegt nun auf der Hand, dass das
relative Quantum von Gelb und Schwarz am
Leibesende individuellen Variationen unter-
worfen ist; und.es liegt nicht fern, anzunehmen,
dass durch Verschwinden einer der beiden

Farben, einerseits eine Form mit vollständig

schwarzem Leibesende gerade so wie beim
Exemplar der obigen Figur I, und andererseits
eine mit gänzlich gelbem Abdomen, wie es in der typischen S. germana der
Fall ist, hervorgerufen werden kann. Die Annahme scheint also nicht
ungerechtfertigt zu sein, dass S.germana allmählig in die Form mit
schwarzem Leibesende übergeht. Auch eine sorgfältige Nachunter-
suchung meiner Exemplare in anderer Hinsicht als die Färbung, hat
kein Unterscheidungsmerkmal zu Tage gebracht, das bei ihrer specifischen
Sonderung von Bedeutung ware. So müssen die drei angeführten
Exemplare als Variationsformen der S. germana angesehen werden. Für
die Form, welche durch unser Exemplar I typisch vertreten ist, schlage
ich nun den Namen S germana var. nigricauda vor.
Es geht denn hervor, dass die Färbung des Hinterendes des Leibes
als Unterscheidungsmerkmal der Arten nicht genügt.
Vor kurzem habe ich weiter zwei Exemplare der S. germana von
Hayama erhalten, welche der,oben erwähnten Form III angehören... Es

können also in Japan solche Übergangsformen nicht sehr selten sein.

Juni 1906.

An Annotated List of the Lepidoptera ot Uki.
BY
lig Miyake, Tiigakusht.

As that small group of islands in the Sea of Japan, known by the
name of Oki, has never before been visited by entomologist, I went there
in 1906 with the chief aim of obtaining an insight into the Lepidopterous
fauna of the locality. My stay on the islands extended from Aug. sth
to 27th. |

Oki lies about forty-five miles due north of the Province of Izumo,
which is the nearest region of the main island of Japan on the western
coast. It consists of four islands, of which the largest (9 miles across) is
called Dögo, while the three others are collectively known by the name of
Dözen. The three islands of Dözen are Nakanoshima, Nishinoshima and
Chiburishima, all which lie close together and are separated from the
more seawardly situated Dögo by a strip of sea six miles wide. The first
half of my stay I spent in Dogo and the last half in Dozen. I have found
the former to be a more favorable place for collecting than the latter.
This evidently stands in relation with the fact that while Dogo is moun-
tainous and well wooded, there is in Dozen but little uncultivated land left.
Limited as I was in time, I have been able to collect myself no less than
300 specimens of Lepidoptera, referable to 120 speceis.

At a place called Hatta in Dogo, there is an Agricultural Experiment
Station belonging to the prefectural office of the district (Shimane-Ken).
It was a great fortune of mine that I became acquainted with the chief of
the Station, Mr. Tanaka, who proved to be an enthusiastic collector of
insects, In the Station I have found over 300 well-preserved specimens
of butterflies and moths, all collected by him in the islands. For placing
this collection at my disposal for examination and for many other favors

bestowed upon me, I beg here to express my sincere thanks.

164 lr. MIYAKE

The collection of the Station added to my own, increased the material
of my study to over 600 specimens, referable to 179 species, of which 43
are Rhopalocera and 136 Heterocera. Among all the species, there is only
one which I consider to be new to science (//ema okiensis n. sp.); the rest,
excepting the few that for one reason or the other did not admit of exact
identification, are forms already described from other regions. Anyway,
it may be safely stated that the Lepidopterous fauna of Oki is very poor in
local characteristic species and presents, as might indeed be surmised,
essentially the same feature as that of the main island of Japan. On the
other hand, the fauna of the islands, especially of Dogo, may be said to be
comparatively rich in species and in many cases decidedly so in
individuals.

The following annotated list was drawn up on the basis of my own
observations as well as on that of Mr. Tanaka’s collection preserved in the
Station before mentioned. The classification adopted is that of Staudinger
and Rebel as set forth in their “ Catalog der Lepidopteren des palaearc-
tischen Faunengebietes (1901).” Unfortunately the specimens in
Mr. Tanaka’s collection bore no exact mention of localities, although it

was known they were all obtained in Oki and mostly in Dogo.

RHOPALOCERA.
Papilionidæ.

1. Papilio xuthus L. (Age/a).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 514 (1894); Pryer, Rhop, Nihon., p. 3, pl. 1,
figs 2 a, 2 b (1886).

Common in all the islands.

RHOPALOCERA. 165

2. Papilio machaon L. (X%7-ageha).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 516 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 3, pl. 1,
figs. 1a, 1 b (1886).

As common as the above-mentioned species. Both P. ruthus and /.

machaon frequent not only fields and gardens, but also high mountains of

the islands such as Daimanji, Dangyo, Takasaki, Takuhi and Yüge.

3. Papilio bianor Cram. (Karası-ageha).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 527 (1894); Papilio maackii Men., Pryer,
Rhop. Nihon., p. 3, pl. 1, fig. 3. (1886).
Common in Dogo. In Dozen I have met with the species only once

at Takuhiyama on Aug. 22nd.

4. Papilio demetrius Cram. (Auro-ageha).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 546 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 4, pl. 3,
fir. 1 (1886); P. carpen‘eri Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) x, p. 318
(1882).

Not uncommon. Mr. Sasago of the Shimane prefectural office told me
that he had observed the butterfly flying in Omori-jima, a small island

lying midway in the strait between Dozen and Dogo.

5. Papilio macilentus Jans. (Onaga-ageha).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 547 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 4, pl. 3,
fig. 2 (1886); 2. Zractipennis Butl. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) vii, p. 139
(1881).

A single male captured on Mt. Dangyo on Aug. roth. The species

seems to be quite rare.

6. Papilio helenus L. (Mon-ki-agehn).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 548 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 4, pl. 2,
fig. 2 (1880); P. nicconzcolens Butl, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) vii, p.

139 (1881).

166 JT, MIYAKE.

Very common in Dögo. In Dözen I have not seen a single example
of this butterfly. This is remarkable in view of the fact that the two
islands are separated only by a strip of sea not more than 6 miles across.
As this butterfly is rather rare in Hondo, I may here give some observa-
tions on its habit made during my stay in Dogo and also in Prov. Kii. It
is just the same in the two localities.

The butterfly is found commonly in places near the sea-shore, but
never in the interior of the island. It flies early in the morning or late in
the evening in fine weather. In the middle of day it does not fly in the
air, but rests in some cool shady place along a stream or in a forest, At
rest the wings are held not vertically but horizontally, covering the front
third of the secondaries with the primaries, so that the yellowish-white
spot of the former is concealed by the latter. The butterfly is not easily
started unless threatened by danger. It spends the greater part of the day
in repose. In its flight to and from the resting place, apparently much the
same route is taken every time. In Prov. Kii, Mr. Asahina discovered
on the side of a mountain a spot which the butterfly regularly passed
during its flight up and down the mountain at a certain hour of the day.
Advantage was repeatedly taken of the discovery for the purpose ot

obtaining specimens and that with success.

7. Papilio sarpedon L. (Kuro-tatmai).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 524 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 5, pl. I,
fig. 9 (1886).

Common in Dögo, but very rare in Dözen. In the latter island I

have seen only a single specimen on Takasakiyama, on Aug. 22nd. The

species much resembles the foregoing in general appearance.

RHOPALOCERA. 167

Pieridæ.

8. Pieris rape L. (Mon-shirochö).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 456 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 6, pl. 3,
fig. 6 (1886).

Common ; but not so numerous as in the main island of Japan.

9. Pieris melete Men. (Suyiguro-shirochò).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 448 (1894); Pieris napi L., Pryer, Rhop.
Nihon., p: 6, pl. 3, fic. 8 à b (1886); Stand. Cat. Lep. pal, p. 10
(1901).

Common. The species are indubitably identical with the common

‘ green-veined white butterfly ” of Japan, which is very generally known

under the name of P. api. Pryer in his “ Rhopalocera Nihonica ”

(p. 6, pl. 111, figs. 8 a, b) calls the butterfly P. zap/, mentioning the name

P. melete as asynonym. Exactly the same course was taken by Leech in

his work “On the Lepidoptera of Japan and Corea” (Proc. Zool. Soc.

Lond., 1887, p. 407). Later, however, Leech separated P. melete from

P. napi (Butt. China 11, p. 448), and made Pryer’s P. napı a synonym

of his P. melete. Leech says: “I believe that P. zapi does not occur

in the Central or Southern Islands of Japan, nor in Corea or China, and
that specimens recorded from these countries as ?. napi are referable to
spring form of ?. melete. There were no specimens of P. zapi in Pryer’s

Collection, and the examples figured by him in his ‘ Rhopalocera

Nihonica’ represent the seasonal forms of P. melete.”’ Leech further

says: “Apart from other characters the yellow patch at base of

secondaries, on the under surface, will almost always separate this species
from any of the forms of ?. napi.” My observations bear out the state-
ments of that distinguished entomologist and I have no doubt that the

Oki Islands specimens, as also the so-called “ P. napi’’ of the main island

of Japan, should properly be called ?. melete. 1 see that Staudinger and

168 T. MIYAKE.

Rebel in their recent extensive work “Cat. Lep. pal.” (p. 10) have

followed Leech in separating P. snelete from P. napi.

10. Colias hyale L. (Ozsunen-cho).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 431, pl. xxxiv, figs. 1—14 (1894); Pryer,
Rhop. Nihon., p. 8, pl. 2, figs. 4 a, 4 b (1886); Colias subaurata Butl.,
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) vii, p. 138 (1881); C. £Zzveszi Butl., l.c.

Common throughout the islands.

11. Terias hecabe L. (A?7-cho).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 428 (1894); Terias aneomone Feld., Butl.,
Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1880, p. 199, pl. vii, figs. o—11 ; 7. mariesii
Butl., Le. p. 198, pl. vii, figs: 175 T. hybrida Bud, Le passe
T. connexiva Butl., lc. p. 199, fig. 12; 7. multiformis Pryer, Rhop.
Nihon., p. 8, pl. 2, figs. 9a, 9 b (1886); 7. Hobsoni Butl., Proc. Zool.
Soc. Lond., 1880, p. 663.

Very abundant at all altitudes, It is undoubtedly one of the most

common butterflies of the islands.

Nymphalidæ.
A. Nymphalinae.

12. Hestina japonica Feld. (Gomadara).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 146, pl. xx, figs. 5, 6 vars (1894); Zurzpus
japonica Feld., Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 23, pl. fig. 8 (1888); Zurıfus
japonicus Feld., Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1887, p. 419.

A number of specimens of this species is contained in the collection
of the Agricultural Experiment Station at Hatta. At Saigo (Dogo), I saw

two examples flying about the top of a pear-tree on Aug, 14th.

RHOPALOCERA, 169

13. Limenitis sibylla L. (/c/zmony:).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 185 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 23, pl.
5, fig. 15 (1888).
I captured one male specimen at Nakayamagoshi. Four male and

three female specimens in the collection of the Station.

14. Neptis Pryeri Butl.

Trans, Ent Soc Bond, 1871, p. 40@Leech,! Butt. China, 1, p, 206
(1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 24, pl. 6, fig. 3 (1886).

Found abundantly in Nishinoshima of the Dozen group. I have

never seen the species elswhere. Two male and one female specimens in

the collection of the Station.

15. Neptis aceris Lep. (Misujı).
Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 203; Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 24, pl. 6, fig. 1
(1886).
Abundantly found all over the islands. ‘Together with 7. Zecabe,

this is one of the most common butterflies of the islands.

16. Pyrameis indica Herbst. (Akatateha).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 252 (1894); de Nicéville, Butt. Ind., 11, p. 229,
pl. xvili, fig. 74 2 (1886); Vanessa callirhoé Fabr., Pryer, Rhop.
Nihon., p. 126, pl. 7, fig. 3 (1886).

Not uncommon in Dozen and Dogo. There are one male and three

female specimens in the collection of the Station.

17. Pyrameis cardui L. (Hime-akatateha).
Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 251 (1894); de Nicéville, Butt. Ind., 11, p. 227

(1886); Vanessa cardui L., Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 26, pl. 7, fig. 2

(1889).
In Dozen I have captured a number of specimens of this species,

170 T. MIYAKE.

while in Dogo I have seen none. One male specimen in the collection

of the Station.

18. Vanessa xanthomelas Esp. (/Zodoshicho).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 260 (1894); de Niceville, Butt. Ind., 11, p. 235,
pl. xviii, fig. 73.5 (1886); Pre Rhop. Nihon., <p. 26, pl.26,.0e
10 (1888).

A good series of specimens is contained in the collection of the

Station. However, I have not seen a single example in nature during my

stay on the islands, probably owing to wrong season.

19. Vanessa canace L. (Aurr-tatcha).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 255 (1894); de Niceville, Butt. Ind., 11, p. 231
(1886); Vanessa charonia Godart, Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 27, pl. 7,

fig. 4 (1889).
Common in both low and high localities.

20. Polygonia c-aureum L. (A7-tazelo).

Grapta c-aureum L., Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 266, pl. xxv, figs. 3 2,4

var. g' (1894); Vanessa c-aureum L., Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 25, pl.
figs. 7 a, 7 b (1888); Polygonia c-aureum L., Stand., Cat. Lep. pal.,
26 (1901).

Common.

6,
D:

21. Araschnia burejana Brem. (Sakasa-hachimongt).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 270 (1894); Vanessa burejana Brem., Pryer,
Rhop. Nihon., p. 25, pl. 5, fig. 11 (1888).

Common at high elevations in Dogo Island.

22. Apatura ilia Schiff. (Aomurasaki).

Leech, Butt. China, 1. 161 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 22,.pl. 5, fig.
9 d (1886).

RHOPALOCERA. 171

There are two male specimens in the collection of the Station. I

have not seen one in nature.

23. Dichorragia nesimachus Boisd. (Sumi-nagasın).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 132 (1894); de Niceville, Butt. Ind., 11, p. 141,
pl. xix, fig. 82 g (1886); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 22, pl. 5, fig. ro
(1886); Adolias nesımachus Boisd., Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.,
1359, p. 83.

I have only once seen an example of the species at Nakayamagoshi
in Dogo on Aug. roth. Mr. Tanaka told me that he had never

before seen this butterfly in the island.

24. Argynnis paphia L. (Ayokushoku-Nhyömon).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 239 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 29, pl. 8,
fig. 4 (1880); Argynnis paphioides Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), vii,
p. 134 (1881).

Very common in both Dozen and Dogo; especially abundant in the
former locality. I have often met with the butterfly resting on the
branches of way-side shrubs in so numerous a number that it looked to
constitute the foliage. Such a scene can never be witnessed in the main
island of Japan, though on one occasion I have seen a case like it in
Hokkaido.

25. Argynnis niphe L. (Lsemaguro-hyomon).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 243 (1894); de Niceville, Butt. Ind., 11, p. 131
(1886); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 28, pl. 7, figs. 8 a, 8 b (1889).
I have captured four male specimens on Mt. Akahage in Chiburi,

Dozen, where also two females were seen flying.

26. Argynnis adippe L. (Uragin-hyömon).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 232 PI. xxii, figs. 3, 4, 5, vars (1894); Pryer,
Rhop. Nihon., p.28, pl. 7, figs. 1,2 (1889); Argynnis varar Butl.,

172 T. MIYAKE.

Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1871, p. 403; Argynnis locuples Butl., Ann.
Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) vii, p. 134 (1879).
A male specimen obtained at Iino-yama in Dogo on Aug. 13th.

There is also a male specimen contained in the collection of the Station.

26 A. Argynnis nerippe Feld.

This species is probably found in the islands. At least I have seen
on Takasakiyama (Nishinoshima), Aug. 22nd, a butterfly which looked

very much like it.

27. Argynnis laodice Pall. (Ura-ginsuji-hyömon).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 236 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 29, pl. 8,

fig. 5 (1889).
Common in Dözen.

28. Argynnis anadiomene Feld. (Aumogata-hyömon).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 240 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 28. pl. 8.
fig. 2 (18809).

Common in Dozen.

29. Argynnis sagana Dbl. (Mesuguro-hyömon).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 241 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 28, pl. 8,
Sig. 3 gd (1889).

Common in Dozen.

B. Danainae.

30. Caduga tytia Gray. (Asagi-madara).
J eech, Butt. China, 1, p. 1 (1894); Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1883,
p. 249; Danais tytia Gray, Pryer, Rhop. Nihon, p. 29, pl. 8, fig. 9
(1889); Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1878, p. 822.

RHOPALOCERA. I

N
V9

One male specimen in the collection of the Station.

C. Satyrinae.

31. Satyrus dryas Scop. (/arome).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 69 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 31, pl. o,
fig. 5 (1889).

Common in both Dözen and Dögo.

32. Ypthima argus Butl. (Aime-uranami-janome).

Ypthima philomela Johan., Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 90 (1894); Vpthima
baldus F., Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 30, pl. 9, fig. 3 (1889); Yprkııma
evanescens Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) vii, p. 286 (1881); Vpthima
argus Butl., Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 649 (1894); Elwes and Edwards,
Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1893, p. 35.

Common throughout the islands; especially abundant in the

vicinity of Togo (Dogo).

33. Mycalesis gotama Moore. (Aime-janome).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 14, pl. 11, fig. 6? (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon.,
p. 30, pl. 9, fig. 1 (1889); Sadarga gotama Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc.
Lond., 1880, p. 157.

Common in both Dozen and Dogo.

34. Mycalesis perdiccas Hew. (Ao-janosme).

Leech, Butt. China, 1, p. 13, pl. 11, fig. 5 ? (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon.,
p. 30, pl. 9, fig. 2 (1889); Gareis perdiccas Hew., Moore, Trans. Ent.
Soc. Lond., 1880, p. 157.

Rarer than the above mentioned species.

174 T. MIYAKE.

Lycænidæ.

35. Cyaniris argiolus L. (Ruri-shijimi).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 320 (1894); Lycena argiolus La Pryer, Rhop.
Nihon., p. 18, pl. 4, figs. 2 a, 25 b (1886); Lycena levitti Butl., Ann.
Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) xi, p. 111 (1883).

Common in both Dozen and Dogo.

36. Zizera maha Koll. (Vazzato-shijimi).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 325 (1894); Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.,
1882, p. 245; de Niceville, Butt. Ind., 111, p. 112 (1890); Lycena
argia Mén., Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 17, pl. 4, figs. 24 a, 24 b (1886);
Polyommatus chandala Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1865, p. 504;

pl. xxxi, fig. 5 7; Lycena alope Fenton, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.,
1881, p. 351.

Very common in all the islands.

37. Everes argiades Pall. (Z7subame-skijimi).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 328 (1894); de Niceville, Butt. Ind., 111, p.
137, pl. xxvi, fig. 180 ¢ (1890); Lycena argiades Pall., Pryer, Rhop.
Nihon., p. 17, pl. 4, figs. 23 a, 23 b (1886).

Found in the vicinity of Saigo and Togo (Dogo). In Dozen, I have

captured a male and a female on Yuge-yama, near Urago.

38. Chrysophanus phlæas L. (Beni-shijumi).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 399 (1894); de Niceville, Butt. Ind., p. 315, pl.
xxxvii, fig. 205 g (1890); Polyommatus phleas L., Pryer, Rhop.
Nihon., p. 16, pl. 4, fig. 21 (1888); Chrysophanus stygianus Butl.,
Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1880, p. 408, pl. xxxix, fig. 5 Ÿ.

Common all over the islands.

RHOPALOCERA. 175

Curetis acuta Moore. (Uragin-shijima).

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xx, p. 50 (1877); Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 349
(1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 11, pl. 4, figs. 1, 2 (1887); Curetis,
truncata Moore, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xx, p. 51 (1877).

I have captured one male on Dangyöyama (Dogo), Aug. roth, and

one female at Araki (Dogo), Aug. 4th. In Dozen I have seen none.

Hesperidæ.

40. Daimio tethys Men. (Daimyo-seseri).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 564 (1894); Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 33, pl. 10,
fig. 6 (1889); Daimio thetys Mén., Stand., Cat. Lep. pal, p. 94
(1901).

A series of specimens were captured in Dogo. In Dozen, I have

seen some examples on Takuhiyama (Nishinohima).

41. Parnara mathias F. (Chabane-seseri).

ecch,” butts Chinas rt, <p. 607 (1Sosiimebuth, Proc. Zool. Soc: Lond.,

1884, p. 493; Pamphila mathias Butl., Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1870,
p. 728; Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 33, pl. 10, fig. 7 (1887).
One male captured at Tsudo (Dogo) on Aug. rith.

42. Parnara guttata Brem. et Grey. (Ichömonji-seser!).

Leech, Butt. China, 11, p. 609 (1894); Pamphila guttata Brem. et Grey,
Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., p. 34, pl. 10, fig. 10 (1889); Parnara guttatus
Elwes, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1888, p. 445; Stand., Cat. Let. pal.,
p. 93 (1901).

Not uncommon all over the islands. It is a very remarkable fact that

P. pellucida Murr., which is quite common in the main island of Japan

176 T. MIYAKE.

together with P. guttata, has not been met with in the Oki Islands. The
larva of P. guttata feeds on rice-plant, while that of P. pellucida is said to
feed on bamboos and occasionally also on rice-plant. Both these food-
plants are found in the islands, and therefore it may be said that there

exist conditions for the existence of both the species mentioned.

43. Parnara jansonis Butl. (Miyama-chabaneseser:).

Leech, Butt. China, II, p. 612, pl. zii. fig. 12 ¢ (1899); Beyer, Roop:
Nihon., p. 34, pl. 10, fig. 12 (1889).

One male specimen captured Aug. rcth on Dangyo-yama (Dogo).

This is a rare insect in Japan. The occurence of the species in the

islands is therefore of interest.

HETEROCERA.
Sphingidæ.

44. Marumba Gaschkewitschii Brem. et Grey. (Momo-suzurme).

Smerinthus complacens Walk., Ul. Typ. Lep. Het., 111, p. 2, pl. xli, fig.
4 (1879); Triptogon roseipennis Butl., Proc. Zool. Soc Lond., 1875, p.
257; Il. Typ. Lep. Het., 111, p. 2, pl. xli, fig. 3 (1879);. 77zptogon
complacens Walk., Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1888, p. 586;

’olyptychns Gaschkewitschii Brem. et Grey, Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc.
Lond., 1898, p. 276 Smerinthus Gaschkewitschii Brem. et Grey,
Stand., Cat. Lep. pal., p. 99 (1901); Marumba Gaschkewitschii Brem.
et Grey, Roths. et Jord., Rev. Lep. Sphin., p. 270 (1903).

Not uncommon in the neighborhood of Saigö (Dögo). The moth is
often met with resting on way-side hedges or shrubs, Numerous
specimens in the collection of the Station. Said to be very injurious to

cherry and peach trees.

HETEROCERA. 1777

45. Hyloicus pinastri L. (Æwro-susume).

Roths. et Jord., Rev. Lep. Sphin., p. 145 (1903); Zylozcus caligeneus
Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) xx, p. 393 (1877); Ill. Typ. Lep. Het.
LT, p. 2, pl. xxi, he.6 (1878); Ancerpotfinastri L., Leech, Proc. Zool.
Soc. Lond., 1888, p. 588; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 287.

This seems to be quite rare. I have seen the moth only once, Aug.
22nd, on the summit of Mt. Takasaki in Nishinoshima (Dozen). It was
resting on the trunk of a large pine-tree at a spot about one foot from the

ground. I have failed to capture it.

46. Chærocampa Oldenlandiæ F. (Sesuji-szzume).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1, p. 87 (1892); Leech, Proc. Zool.
Soc. Lond, 1888, pi 584; Trans ean soc, "Lond., 1898, p: 283;
Theretra Oldenlandie F., Roths. et Jord., Rev. Lep. Sphin., p. 781
(1903).

Two female specimens in the collection of the Station.

47. Chærocampa japonica Orza. (Ko-suzunne).

Roths. et Jord., Rev. Lep. Sphin.. p. 732 (1903); Cherocampa japonica
Br, Leech; Pioe2 Zaol Soc. Lendsemsss,p. 584; Trans. Ent. Soc.
» Lond., 1808, p. 283.

Two male specimens in the collection of the Station.

48. Ampelophaga rubiginosa Brem. et Gray. (Auruma-susume).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1, p. 83 (1892); Leech, Proc. Zool.
Soc, Lond. 1888, pP. 583; lransSEnt Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 119;
Roths. et Jord., Rev. Lep. Sphin., p. 517 (1903).

One male specimen in the collection of the Station.

49. Rhagastis mongoliana Butl. (Birödo-susume).

Pergesa mongoliana Butl., Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1878, p. 622; Ill. Typ.

Q

T. MIYAKE,

je)
NI
È

Lep. Het. 11, ps 4, pl. xxi, fic-@454(18,3)]; Leech, Proc) Zool soc
Lond., 1888, p. 583; Metopsilus mongolianus Butl., Leech, Trans.
Ent. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 268; Metopsilus mongoliana Butl., Stand.,
Cat. Lep. pal. p. 104 (1901).

One female specimen in the collection of the Station.

50. Gurelca hyas Walk. (Hime-höjaku).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1, p. 110 (1892); Roths. et Jord.,
Rev. Lep. Sphin., p. 588 (1903); Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1848,

Two female specimens in the collection of the Station.

51. Macroglossa stellataram L. (Hojaku).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1, p. 113 (1892); Leech, Proc. Zool.
Soc. Lond., 1888, p. 582; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 292;
Macroglossum stellatarum L., Roths. et Jord., Rev. Lep. Sphin., p. 627
(1903).

I have seen three examples at Saki in Nakano-shima (Dozen) on Aug.

roth. They were flying along the surface of ground.

52. Macroglossa saga Butl. (Avro hojaku).

Ill. Typ. Lep. Het. 11, p. 3, pl. xxi, fig. 1 (1878); Leech, Proc, Zool.”
Soc. Lond., 1888, p. 582: Trans ent soc. Lond. 18087 p:eeece
Macroglossum saga Butl., Roths. et Jord., Rev. Lep. Sphin., p. 653
(1903).

One male captured at Köri in Chiburi-shima (Dözen) on Aug.

25th.

HETEROCERA. © 179

Lymantridæ.

53. Lymantria dispar L. (Maimaiga).

Ocneria dispar L., Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ., p. 117, pl. 27, fig. 6a b
(1903); Porthetria umbrosa Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 10;
Porthetria hadina Butl., Lc. p. 11; Zymantria dispar L., Leech, Proc.
Zool. Soc. Lond., 1888, p. 630; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1890, p. 130.

A series of female specimens is contained in the collection of the

Station. They are much larger than the typical forms found in the main

island of Japan ; some variation in the wing-marking is also noticeable.

The absence of male specimen in the collection is possibly due to the

speedy flight of the moth, and not to its rarity. I have however nowhere

met with the moth during my stay.

54. Arlaza conspersa Butl. (Cha-dokuga).

MOST Ent, ii, p 117 (1885) ;’- LeechwraseZool. Soc. Lond., 1888, p.
624; Porthesia conspersa Butl., Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1899,
p. 40.

Identified by comparing with the specimens in the Science College

Museum. A series of specimens exists in the collection of the Station.

The insect is said to be injurious to Thea japonica (L.) and Thea sasanqua

(Thumb).

Lasiocampide.

55. Dendrolimus pini L. (Matsukemushi-ga).
Odonestis superans Butl., Il. Typ. Lep. Het, 11, p. 19, pl. xxvii, fig. 4
(1878); ona spectabilis Butl., l.c. p. 20, xxvi, fig. 6,7; Æutricha

dolosa, fentoni, and sonata Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., pp. 16, 17

ISO T. MIYAKE.

(1881); Autricha pini L., Proc. Zool Soc. Lond, 1883 0p. 1627
Eutricha remota Leech, l.c. p. 628; Dendrolimus pini L., Kirby, Butt.
Moth. Europ., p. 138 (1903); Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1899,
p. 109.

Three male specimens and one female specimen in the collection of
the Station. I have met with quite a number of the larvae of the species
feeding on pine-trees at Togo (Dogo) on Aug. 8th and at Utagi (Dogo) on
Aug. ııth. They were evidently doing much injury to pine plantations
in Dozen and Dogo. I myself have been able to capture only one male
moth at Beppu (Dozen), Aug. 22nd; the season was apparently too early

for collecting the imago.

56. Malacosama nenstria L. (Obi-kareha).

Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ., p. 142, pl. 28, fig. 1 ab (1903); Bombyx
neustria L., Leech, Proc, Zool. Soc. Lond., p. 627 (1888); Ciisiocampa
neustria L. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1899, p. III.

T.vo male specimens in the collection of the Station. I obtained

egg-masses of the species on Takasakiyama (Dozen), Aug. 2nd.

Saturniida.

57. Actias selene Hib. (Ö-misuao).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1, p. 13 (1892); Leech, Proc. Zool.
Soc. Lond., 1888, p. 634; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 262;
Stand., Cat. Lep. pal., p. 126 (1901); Saturnia artemis Brem., Lep.
Ost.-Sib., p. 44, pl. ii, figs. 6, 7 (1864); Staud., Cat. Lep. pal., p. 126
(1901); Tropea gnoma Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) xx, p. 480
(1877); Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., 11, pl. xxv, fig. 1 (1878); Zropea aliena Butl.,
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) iv, p. 355 (1879); Tropea dulcinea Butl.,
Trans, Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 14.

HETEROCERA. 181

Mr. Tanaka told me he had once captured the species near

Utagi (Dögo).

58. Caligula japonica Moore. (Ausu-sar).

Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1862, p. 322; Butt., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) xx,
D 470) (1877), ule typ. Lep. Hess. p. 16, pl. xxvi, fic. 2 (1878);
Leech, Proce Zooly Sec. Lond., 18852633 ; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.,
1398, p. 264.

One male and two female specimens in the collection of the

Station.

59. Anther&a yamamai Guen. (Zen-san).

“ Rev. Zool., 1861, p. 435, pls. xi—xili;” Antherea hazina, fentoni,
calida, morosa, Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, pp. 13, 14;
Saturnia sergestus Westw., Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 143, pl.
xii, fic. 2,

Mr. Tanaka informed me he had captured two specimens at

Utagi (Dogo).

Callidulidz.

60. Pterodecta Feldri Brem. (/hari-mozga).

Callidula feldri Brem., Lep. Ost.-Sib., p. 28, pl. iv, fig. 3 (1864);
Leech, Trans, Ent. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 358. Perodecta gloriosa
Butl, Ann Mag. Nat. Hist., (Me p. 309 (1877); Il. Typ.
Pepe Hera, pe, cpl. xxiii, 81373); Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc.
Lond., 1888, p. 612.

A female specimen obtained at Köri (Dözen) on Aug. 25th and

another on Mt. Dangyö (Dogo), Aug. roth.

182 T. MIYAKE.

Noctuida.

A. Acronictinae.

61. Acro»ycta rumicis L. (Nashi-kemimon).

Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ., p. 158, pl. 33, fig. 19 a—b (1903); Leech,
Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 105; Pharetra rumicis Leech, Proc.
Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 477.

Common all over the islands.

B. Trifinae.

62. Hermonassa cecilia Butl. (Aurokumoyaga).

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) i, p. 164 (1878); Ill. Typ. Lep. Het. 111, p. 14,
pl. xliv, fig. 9 (1879); Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 498;
Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 51; Opigena arenosa Butl., Trans.
Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 179; Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal., iv, p. 358
(1903).
Two male specimens in the collection of the Station.

63. Agrotis brunnea Schiff. (S%zroten-vaga).

Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal., iv, p. 412 (1903); Graphiophora brunca
Schiff., Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 497; Trans. Ent. Soc.
Lond., 1900, p. 38.

One male specimen in the collection of the Station.

64. Agrotis Dahlii Hübn. (Ödako-saga).

Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal., iv, p. 423 (1903); Graphiophora Dahlii Hübn.,
Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond, 1900, p. 39;
Graphiophora canescens Butl., Il. Typ. Lep. 11, p. 28, pl. xxx, fig. 1
(1878); Graphiophora crubescens Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) v,

HETEROCERA. 183

p. 224 (1880); Agrotis descritta Brem., Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind.,
Moths; IT, p.- 154. (1894); Staud.,ACaftLep. Pal. p. 140 (1001);
Cerastis subdolens Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 181.

One male specimen in the collection of the Station. I have

captured a male in Nishinoshima (Dözen).

65. Agrotis stupenda Butl, (Admee-yaga).

Ochropleura stupenda Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p. 166 (1878);
Il. Typ: ep. bet; 11,.p. 29, pl. xxx he 2.(1878) ;"Leech, Proc. Zool,
moc. Lond), 1280,2P. 494; Trans SEE PE Soc. Lond.,. 1900, p. 35;
Agrotis stupenda Butl., Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal., iv, p. 392 (1903).

One male specimen in the collection of the Station.

66. Agrotis ypsilon Rott. (Tamana-yaga).

Noctua ypsilon Rott, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 182
(1894); Agrotis ypsilon Rott., Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal., iv, p. 368
(1903).

The double waved subbasal line indistinct. One male specimen in

the collection of the Station.

67. Euzoa segetis Schiff. (Aabura-yaga).

Noctua segetum Schiff., Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, p. 11, p. 181
(1894); Agrotis ingrata Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p. 162
(1878); Agrotis fucosa Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 179;
Agrotis lassa Swinh., Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1886, p. 444; Fuzxoa
segetis Schiff, Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal., iv, p. 167 (1903).

Ono female specimen in the collection of the Station.

68. Barathra brassice L. (Vozomnuski-ga)

Hadena brassice L, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 202

(1894); Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 54; Mamestra

184 T. MIYAKE.

brassice L., Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc, Lond., 1889, p. 487; Parathra
brassicæ L., Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal., v, p. 12 (1905).

One specimen in the collection of the Station.

69. Polia illoba Butl. (SZzro-shita-yoto),.

Agrotis illoba Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p. 162 (1878); Ill. Typ.
Lep. Het., 111, p. 14, pl. liv/@e27(1370\; Leech,Meroc4Zookssne!
Lond., 1889, p. 498; Graphiophora pacifica Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist., (5) 1, p. 1631878) ;. Ill. ypstet Het. IT, PRS pl
(1878); Hadena illoba Butl., Leech, Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1900, p.
56; Polia illoba Butl., Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal, v, p. 151 (1905)

A male and a female specimen in the collection of the Station.

70. Polia cucubali Schiff. (Zusakubi-yoto).

Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal., v, p. 194 (1905);? Dianthacia mandarina
Leech, Trans. Ent. Lond., 1900, p. 51;? Dianthacia capsincola
W. V., Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ., p. 227, pl. xxxiv, fig. 13 (1903);
Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1880, p. 518; Hadena cucubali Fuess.,
Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 198 (1894).

The figure given by Kirby as that of cacubalz seems to refer, not to
that species, but to capsincola (= Hampson's bzcur:s Hüf), as judged from
Hampson’s description of the two species. According to this author,
cucubali should have the “ fore-wing with the reniform connected with the
orbicular,” while in capsincola (=bicuris) the same markings should be
“ well separated,”

A male specimen in the collection of the Station.

71. Miana segregata Butl. (Chaobi-yoto).

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p. 85 01878); Ill Typ. LepAHetsammaz5:
pl. xxix, fig. 5 (1898); Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 491 ;
Miana (?) segregata Butl., Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 67.

HETEROCERA. 185

A male and a female specimen obtained at Beppu (Dozen) Aug.

23rd, and male specimen on Mt. Yüge (Dogo).

72. Hadena porphyrea Esp. (Ö-hagata-yot5).

Hadena satura W.V., Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ., p. 277, pl. xl, fig. 10
(1903); Hadena satura Hüb., Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889,
p. 509; Hadena porphyrea Esp., Staud., Cat. Lep. Pal., p. 171 (1901);
Hadena (?) porphyrea Esp., Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 190 D,
p. 58.

One male specimen obtained at Chi-chii in Nakanoshima on

Aug. 2Ist.

73. Apamea conciliata Butl, (Shirakumo-yoto).

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p, p. 34 (2828), ll. Typ. Lep. Het... 11, p.
24, pl. xxix, fig. 3 (1878); Leech, Proc. Zool. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889,
p. 489; id,, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 61.

One male specimen in the collection of the Station.

74. Trachea atriplicis L. (Sierosuji-awoyoto).

Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ. p. 236, pl. 38, fig. 1 a b (1903); Leech, Proc.
Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 510: Hadena gnoma Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat.
Elise, (5) tps 195116738); Il, Typ. LeerHet,, 11, p: 32, pl. xxxi; fig. 7
(1878); Zuplexia atriplicis L., Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900,
p. 87.

One male specimen obtained at Saigo (Dogo) on Aug. 6th.

75. Gortyna acuminata Butl. (Uswki-togari-yoto).

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p. 83 (1878); Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p. 24,
pl. xxix, fig. 1 (1878); Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 519;
Gortyna (?) acuminata Butl., Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900,
POT.

One damaged specin:en in the collection of the Station.

186 T. MIYAKE.

76. Nonagria inferens Wk. (/ne-yoto).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 284 (1894); Sesamia fraterna
Moore, Lep. Atk., p. 103 (1881).

A male specimen in the collection of the Station.

77. Cirphis placida Butl. (Auroshita-kiyoto).

Mythimna placida Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p. 79 (1878); Ill.
Typ. Lep. Het. 11, p. 21, pl. xxviti, fig. 5 (1878); Leech,Eroe 7.601:
Soc. Lond., 1889, p: 481; Trans Ent. Soc: Tond,, 1900, par;
Cirphis placida Butl., Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal., v, p. 552 (1905).

One male specimen in the collection of the Station,

78. Caradrina palpalis Butl. (Kuroten-yoto).

Radinacra palpalis Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p. 161 (1878); Ill
Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p.26, pl. xxix, fig. 7 (1878); Dadica lincosa Moore,
Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 349; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind.,
Moths, 11, p. 265 (1894); ? Graphiphora stellata Moore, Lep. Atk.,
p. 119 (1881); Dadica palpalis Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889,
p. 493; Caradrina palpalis Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900,
p. 110.
| One female specimen obtained at Beppu in Nishinoshima on Aug.

21st.

79. Amphipyra pyramidea L. (S/zimagarasu).

Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ. p. 192, pl. 38, fig. 22 a, b (1903); Leech,
Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 539; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900,
p. 45; Amphipyra monolitha Guen, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind.,
Moths, 11, 191 (1894).

One male specimen captured on Takasakiyama in Nishinoshima

on Aug. 22nd.

HETEROCERA. 187

80. Amphipyra Schrenckii Men. (Zswmajiro-garasu).

Schr., Reise Amur., 11, p. 61, pl. v, fig. 4 (1859); Leech, Proc. Zool.
Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 540; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 47.
One male specimen obtained on Daimanji-san in Dogo on Aug.

ı4th.

81. Amphipyra lignosa Butl. (Mokunme-garasu).

Perinenia lignosa Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) t, p. 289 (1878); Il.
Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p. 37, pl. xxxü, fig. 7 (1878); Leech, Proc. Zool.
Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 541; Amphipyra lignosa Butl, Leech, Trans.
Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 47.

One male specimen in the collection of the Station.

82. Amphipyra livida Schiff. (Aarasu-yoto).

Amphipyra corvina Mots., “ Butl. Soc. Nat. Mosc. xxxix, i, p. 194
(1866) ” ; Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 540; Trans. Ent.
Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 46; Amphipyra livida Schiff, Hampson, Fauna
Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 191 (1894); Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.,
1889, p. 540; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 46.

Common in Dozen. I have captured a series of specimens at Beppu

in Nishinoshima and at Kori in Chiburishima, Aug. 21st—23rd.

83. Dinumma deponens Wlk. (Usu-isuma-garası).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 355 (1894); Leech, Trans.
Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 512; Dénumma bipunctata Mots., “ Etud.
d’Ent. 1860, p. 32;” Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 541.

A number of specimens captured at Tsuma in Dogo on Aug. roth.

A series of specimens also exists in the collection of the Station. According

to Mr. Tanaka, the moth lives through winter in Shimane-Peninsula (Prov.

Izumo), where he had observed it about three years ago. He added

“It is almost certain that the moth has the same habit in Oki Islands, as

I have captured some living specimens in the month of December.”

188 T. MIYAKE,
84. Calocampa exoleta L. (Aya-mokuie).

Calocampa fumosa Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p. 196 (1878); Ill.
Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p. 33, pl. xxxi, fig. 8 (1878); Calocampa exoleta
L., Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ., p. 250, pl. 37, fig. 14 ab; Leech, Proc.
Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 539; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 100.

One male specimen in the collection of the Station.

85. Erastria sp.

Said to be injurious to rice-plant. A rich collection in the Station.

C. Gonopterinae.

86. Clethrophora distincta Leech. (Midori-kiriba).

Gonitis distincta Leech, Proc, Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 506, pl. lii, fig.
7 (1889); Clethrophora distincta Leech, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind.,
Moths, 11, p. 416 (1894); Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900,
pii52g,

Abundantly found on Takuhiyama in Nishinoshima (Dozen) on Aug.
25th. The bright green-color of the fore-wing should serve as an effective
means of protection against enemies. When at rest, the hind-wing, which
is of a bright reddish-brown color, is entirely concealed by the fore-wing,
making it difficult to distinguish the insect from a small green leaf. At
places the moth was so plentiful that more than half a dozen of it
would start from a shrub on being disturbed. In flight the moth displays
the brown hind-wing, which is all the more prominent to sight as it
suddenly appears on taking wing and again disappers on perching. The
moth was seen to fly generally down-hill along the slope. Dragonflies
searching for prey would dart after the flying moth, but the instant the

latter settled on a shrub the chase was at end.

HETEROCERA. 139

D. Quadrifinae.
87. Calpe excavata Butl. (Aka-eguriba).
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p. 202 (1878); Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p. 35,
pl. xxx, Has (1878); Leech, ProcsZ98l. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 529;
Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 579.

One male specimen obtained at Köri in Chiburishima (Dözen) on
Aug. zsth.

88. Plusia eriosoma Doubl? (Zchkiiku-kimızvaba).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 569 (1894); Plusia verticillata
Walk, SCENE NEC, xii, p. 023/057) Teech, Proc. Zool. Soc.
Lond., 1889, p. 531; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 580.

Several specimens collected at Beppu, Hishi and Tai (all in Dozen).

They are all in much too damaged a condition for exact determination.

89. Plusia festucæ L. (Inemo-aomushi-ga).

Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ. p. 270, pl. 41, fig. 21 (1903); Leech, Proc.
Zool. Soc. Lond , 1889, p. 531; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 588.

A. female specimen in the collection of the Station.

Mr. Tanaka
says this is a common insect in Dogo.

90. Remigia ussuriensis Brem. (Ko-unmen-kuchtba).

Lep. Ost.-Sib., p. 61, pl. v, fig. 19 (1864); Asazia unduligera Butl., Ann
Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) I, p. 293 (1878); Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p, 43, pl
xxxiv, fig. 8 (1378); Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 553;
Thermesia ussuriensis Brem., Leech. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900,

p. 569.

Abundantly found in the neighborhood of Saigö and on Mt. Daimanji
(both in Dögo).

I have captured several specimens among the grass in

190 T. MIYAKE,

shady places, but I have never seen one attracted to the lamp. It isa

remakable fact that this moth does not occur in Dözen so far as I know.

91. Remigia annetta Butl. (Unmmon-kuchiba).

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p. 293012878); Ill. Typ. Lep Het nr pr
pl. xxxiv, fig. 7 (1878); Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 553;
Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 564.

Found in abundance throughout the islands.

92. Euclidia glyphica L. (7sumegusa-kishitaba).

Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ., p. 278, pl. 42, figs. 24 a b (1903); Leech,
Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 554; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900,
p. 563; Æuclidia consors Butl. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p. 293
(1878); Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p. 42, pl. xxxiv, fig. 6 (1878),

A male specimen in the collection of the Station.

93. Polydesma vulgaris Butl. (Aayima-kuchiba).

Trans. Ent, Soc.-Lond., 1886, peng ; Teech, Proc. Zool Soc on
1889, p. 490; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 550.

Common in both Dözen and Dögo.

94. Sypna picta Butl. (Syirafu-kuchiba).

Sypna picta Butl., Il. Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p. 40, pl. xxxili, fig. 2 (1878);
Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. ‘Lond, 718809. p. 542; "Iransı EntesSoe:
Lond., 1900, p. 538; Sypna achantina Butl., Il. Typ. Lep. Het., 111,
p. 26, pl. xlvii, fig. 7 (1870); Sypna fumosa Butl., l.c. 11, p. 41, pl.
xxxii, fig. 3 (1878); Sypna fuliginosa Butl., l.c. 111, p. 26, pl. xlvii,
fig. 8 (1879).

One female specimen in the collection of the Station.

95. Nyctipao crepuscularis L. (Ö-Zomoe).

Nyctipao letitia Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p. 291 (1878); Ill,

HETEROCERA. 191

Typ. Lep. Het., 111, p. 26, pl. xlvii, fig. 9 (1879); Myctipao crepuscu-
Zaris L., Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moth,, 11. p. 461 (1894); Leech,
Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 544; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900,
Pp. 547.

Occasionally found at Dogo.

96. Spirama retorta Clerk. (Tormoe-ga).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 553 (1894); Leech, Proc. Zool.
Soc. Lond reso, p. 545; Trans. En Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 574;
Spirama simplicior Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 198;
Spirama inequalis Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) xi, p. 116 (1883);
Spirama jinchuena Butl., lc. pi ILS

One of the most common moths in all the islands. It comprises

a rich assortment of varieties.

97. Spirama vespertilio Fabr. (Aakiba).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 554 (1894); Æypopyra
extricans Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 575; Walk., Ill. Typ.
Lep. Het., 111, p. 27, pl. xlvii, fig. 12 (1879); Æypopyra pallida
Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1883, p. 26; Hypopyra distans Moore,
Lep. Atk., p. 169 (1881); Hyfopyra vespertilio F., Leech, Proc.
Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 545.

One male specimen in the collection of the Station.

98. Spirama pudens Wk. (Ö-hoshikakiba).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 555 (1894); Æypopyra
persimilis Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1877, p. 608.

Two female specimens in the collection of the Station.

99. Spirama rectifasciata Men. (S%irosuzi-tomoc).

Spirama interlineata Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p. 291 (1878);
DE Typ Remy Het, 11, p. 41, piifaseziv, fig. 2 (1878); Spirama

192 T. MIYAKE.

rectifasciata Men, “ Cat. Mus. Petr., p. xvii,’ fig. 6 (1863); ; Leech,
Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 575; Calliodes rectifasciata Mén.,
Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 545.

Not uncominon in all the islands.

100. Chrysorithrum amatum Brem. (Kakumon-kishitata).

Catocala amata Brem., Let. Ost.-Sib., p. 60 (1864); Chrysorithrum
fuscum Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 198, Chrysorithrum rufescens
Butl., l.c.; Chrysorithrum amatum Brem,, Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc.
Lond.,, 1889, p. 557; Trans dents Soc... Cond 17800, pashan
Pseudophila amata Brem., Stand, Cat. Lep. pal. p. 245 (1901).

One male specimen in the collection of the Station.

101. Ophiusa algira L. (Ashibuto-ga).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 500 (1894); Leech, Proc. Zool.
Soc. Lond,, 1889, p.. 546; Trans Bot. Soc. Lond,, 1900, pa 557E
Grammodes algira L., Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ., p. 281 (1903).

Mr. Tanaka captured one specimen at Chiburi (Dözen) on

Aug. 25th.

102. Ophideres tyranus Gn. (Akebi-konoha).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 562 (1894); Leech, Proc. Zool.
Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 544; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 577; Adris
tyranus Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 69, pl. xiii. fig. 5.

I have seen a specimen on Mt. Dangyö (Dogo), and another on

Mt. Daimanji (Dogo). Unfortunately, however, I have not succeeded

in capturing a specimen.

103. Catocala volcanica Butl. (Ad-s/itaba).

Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p. 40 pl. xxxiii, fig. 10 (1878); Leech, Proc. Zool.
Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 550; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond,, 1900, p. 530.

HETEROCERA. 193

I have obtained the wings of the species at Saigö (Dogo) on
Aug. Sth.

104. Catocala Jonasii Butl. (/onasu-kishitaba).

TP Type ep Elet 271, p.) 30, pl. xxxiti, eens 78);, Leech, Proc. Zool.

Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 550; Catocala Jonast Butl., Leech, Trans. Ent.
Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 530.

Captured one male on

Au

Takasakiyama in Nishinoshima on
g. 22nd.

105. Catocala esther Butl. (Aogara-no-kishitaba).

IlZTyp. Lep- Her, 11, p: 40, pl. xxxiil, figae1878); Leech, Proc. Zool.
Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 551 ; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 532.

Staudinger and Rebel in their ‘ Cat. Lep. pal.’, p. 249 (1901), make

this synonymous with Cafocala obliterata Men.

A male and a female
specimen in the collection of the Station.

106. Catocala fulminea Scop. (Wamon-kishitaba).

Kirby, Butt. Moth Europ., p. 277, pl. 43, fig. 8 a, b (1903); Catocala
paranympha L., Hein., Berg. Schmett., p. 213, Taf. 41, fig. 7 (1870);

Feech, Frac. Zool, soc. Lond., 1880,ps835 5 Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.,
1000; AD 5354 Enroaala rartppe But RP Typ. Let. Het., 11, p. 30,
pl. xxxiii, fig. 8 (1875).

One specimen obtained by Mr. Tanaka.

107. Toxocampa maxima Brem. (Kubiguro-sedak.ı).

Lep. Ost.-Sib., pl, v, fig. 17 (1864); Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889,
p. 543; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 108; Toxrocampa enormis
Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat, Hist., (5) 1, p. 291 (1878); Ill. Typ. Lep. Het.,
11, p. 38, pl. xxx, figs 9 (1878).

I captured one female at Beppu (Dözen) on Aug. 23rd. One
example was seen on Daimanji.

194 T. MIYAKE.
E. Hypeninae.

108. Diomea cremata Butl? (Murasaki-atsuba).

Capnodes cremata Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p. 295 (1878); Ill.
Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p. 44, pl. xxxiv fig.10 (1878); Eeech, Proc /Zo0k
Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 554; Diomea cremata Butl., Hampson, Fauna
Brit. Ind., Moths, III, p. 23 (1895); Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.,

1900, p. 610.
Captured a much damaged specimen at Kitakata (Dogo) on

Aug. 8th.

109. Simplicia niphona Butl. (O-kimae-atsuba).
Bacana niphona Butl., Il. Typ. Lep. Het., 11. p. 56, pl. xxxviii, fig. 9
(1878); Stmplicia niphona Butl., Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths,
III, p. 36 (1895); Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 612.

Two specimens in my collection, both obtained at Saigö (Dögo),

Aug. 8th and 12th.

110. Zethes perturbans Wik. (Unmon-tsumakiri-atsuba).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iii, p. 9 (1895); Saraca trimantesalis
Walk, “ Cat. Lep. Het., xvi, p) 2204858)"; TLeech, Proc 57001302:
Lond., 1889, p. 567; Zethes trimantesalis Walk, Leech, Trans. Ent.

Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 596.
Captured many specimens in bushes at Saigö (Dögo), Aug. 5th,

and at Beppu (Dözen), Aug. 21st.

111. Zethes sp.

A male specimen captured on Mt. Dangyo (Dago), Aug. roth.

112. Bomolocha stygiana Butl. (Vamagaza-atsuba).

Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., tI, p. 55, pl. xxx, fig. 6 (1887), esci er roc.

HETEROCERA. 105

Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 557; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 656 ;
Bomolocha stygiana Butl., Stand., Cat. Lep. pal., p. 256 (1901).

A male specimen captured on Mt. Daimanji, Aug. 14th.

113. Dichromia trigonalis Guen, (Auro-kishita-atsuba).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 111, p. 73 (1895); Leech, Trans. Ent.
Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 648; Dichromia amica Butl., Ill. Typ., Lep. Het.,
IT, Pi ‘555 pl. xxxvil, fig. 3 (1878) Eeech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.,
1889, p. 556.

Common among grass. I have captured a number of specimens

in Dözen.

114. Hypena ella Butl? (Sotomurasaki-atsuba).

DL Typ.>Lep. Het., 11, p. 55, pl. xx pets (1878); Leech, Proc.
Zool. Soc. Lond., 1889, p. 556; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 655.
The original description of the species is much too brief for
making exact identification. A male specimen in the collection of the

Station.

115. Edessena hamada Feld. (Usuzumi-shirahoshi).

Ranodes hamada Feld., “ Reis. Nov. pl. cxix, fig. 23 (1874) ; Ædessena
hamada Feld., Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1880, p. 564; Trans.
Ent. Soc. Lond., 1900, p. 628.

Identified by comparing with the specimens in the Science College

Museum. A male and a female specimen in the collection of the

Station.

196 T. MIYAKE.
Geometridz.

A. Geometrinae.

116. Geometra vernaria Hb? (Zeme-shiroobi-aoshaku).

Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ., p. 319 (1903); Staud., Cat. Lep. pal., p. 26
(1901).
A much damaged specimen obtained at Nakayamagoshi (Dogo),

Aug. oth.

117. Megalochlora albovenaria Brem. (.S/77-0s27¢-aoshaku).

Geometra albovenaria Brem., Lep. Ost.-Sib., p. 75, pl. vi, fig. 21 (1864);
Megalochlora albovenaria Megrick, Trans, Ent. Soc. Lond., 1892,
p. 95; Leech, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xx, p. 235 (1897).

A female specimen in the collection of the Station.

B. Acidaliinae.

118. Acidalia muricata Hufn. (Beni-himeshaku).

Idea muricata Hufn., Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ., p. 327 pl. 44, fig. 25
(1903); Zoîs muricata Hufn., Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1892,
p. 87; Acidalia muricata Hufn., Leech, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xx,
p- 104 (1897); Staud., Cat. Lep. pal., p. 266 (1901).

A damaged specimen captured at Beppu (Dozen), Aug. 23rd.

119. Acidalia remotata Guen. (Aurosuki-himeshaku).

Craspedia remotata Guen., Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, III,
p. 433 (1895); ? Acidalia absconditria W\k., Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het.
III, p. 40, pl. |, fig. 12 (1879); Acidalia remotata Guen,, Leech, Ann.

Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xx, p. 94 (1897); Staud., Cat. Lep. pal. p. 269
(1901).

HETEROCERA. 197

Several specimens were collected at Tögö (Dogo), Aug. 18th, and

at Beppu (Dozen), Aug. 21st and 23rd.

120. Dithalama indicataria Walk. (Ummon-öshiro-himeshaku).

Argyris indicataria Walk., Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het. 111, p. 43. pl. li,
fig. 8 (1879); Dithalama indicataria Walk., Leech, Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist., (6) xx, p. 110 (1897); Staud., Cat. Lep. pal., p. 276 (1901).

A male specimen captured on Yugeyama. A female specimen in

the collection of the Station.

121. Timandra amata L. (Benisuji-himeshaku).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 111, p, 458 (1895); Leech, Ann.
Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xx, p. 109; Staud., Cat. Lep. pal. p. 279 (1901);
Calothysanis amata L., Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1892, p. 21.

A male specimen obtained at Saigo, Aug. 6th.

C. Laretiinae.

122. Gadarites Fixseni Brem. (A?tmadara-onamishaku).

Lep. Ost.-Sib., p. 100, pl. viii, fig. 12 (1864); Hydriomena Fiaseni Brem.,
Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1892, p. 72; Gandarites Fixseni
Brem., Leech, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xix, p. 678 (1897).

A male specimen obtained on Daimanji, Aug. roth.

123. Cidaria decurrens Moore. (Sesuji-namishaku).

Lep. Atk., p. 276 (1887); Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind,, Moths, 111, p. 361
(1895); Cidaria oblongata Walk., “Cat. Lep. Het., xxv, p. 1402
(1892) ” ; Leech, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xix, p. 647 (1897).

Captured several specimens at various places in Dögo.

198 T. MIYAKE.

124. Cidaria complicata Butl. (Hososuji-namishakn).

Ill. Typ. Lep. Het, 111, p. 57, pl. lv, fig. 4 (1879); Leech, Ann. Mag
Nat. Hist., (6) xix, p. 650 (1897).
A female specimen captured at Beppu (Dozen), Aug. 23rd.

125. Cidaria mactata Feld. (Dirödo-namishaku).

“ Reise Nov. pl. cxxxii, fig. 38 (1875)” ; Leech, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.,
(6) xix, p. 647 (1897).

Identified by comparing with specimens in the Science College
Museum. Common in both Dözen and Dogo.

D. Boarmiinae.

126. Cistidia conaggaria Gn. (Ume-edashaku).

Halthia eurypyle Men., Schr., Reise Amur., 11, Lep., p. 47, pl. iv, fig. 3
(1859); Cistidia couaggarir Guen., Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.,
1892, p. 116; Abraxas interruptaria Feld., Leech, Trans, Ent. Soc.

Lond., 1889, p. 145; Vithora conaggaria Guen., Leech, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist., (6) xix, p. 459 (1897).

One male specimen in the collection of the Station.

127. Abraxas sylvata Scop.

(Yu-madara).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 111, p. 299 (1895); Kirby, Butt
Moth. Europ. p. 355, pl. 45, fig. 17 (1903); Leech, Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist., (6) xix, p. 445 (1897); Abraxas miranda Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat

Hist., (5) 1, p. 441 (1878); Ill. Typ. Eep. Het,, 111, pi 48, pioli nea
(1879).

Common in both Dözen and Dögo.

HETEROCERA. 199

128. Dilophodes elegans Butl. (Aurofu-shiroedashakn).

Abraxas elegans Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p. 53, pl. xxxviii, fig. 6
(1878); Dilophodes elegans Butl., Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths,
III, p. 305; (1895); Leech, Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xix, p. 453

(1897).
Common at Nishinoshima in Dozen.

129. Numeria pulveraria L. (Konafuki-edashaku).

Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ., p. 348, pl. 45, fig. 24 (1903); Leech, Ann.
Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xix, p. 201 (1897); Staud., Cat. Lep. pal., p. 325
(1901); Metrocampa pulveraria L., Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.,
1892, p. 112; Numeria japonica Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881,
p. 418.

An aberrant female specimen obtained on Mt. Daimanji.

130. Ennomos sp.

Two specimens in the collection of the Station. Both are closely
allied to £. autamunaria Wer., but the fore-wing is much larger than the

hind-wing. In the hind-wing, there are two transverse lines.

131. Xyloscia subspersata Butl ?

One male specimen obtained on Mt. Daimanij (Dogo). I regret
that the description of the species is not accessible to me. In Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist., (6) xix, pp. 210—211, Leech describes a new species Ay/oscia
biangularia, a form closely allied to A. subsperata. At the end of that
description, he discusses the difference of the two species. My present

provisional identification is based on that passage of Leech.

132. Zethenia rufescentaria Mots. (Akatsumakiri-edashaku).

Seel Ent 96351805); Leech, Ann Mas Nat. Hist., (6) xix, p. 223
(1897); Selenia albonotaria var. c, Brem., Lep. Ost.-Sib., p. 73 (1864);

200 T. MIYAKE.

Zettienia rufescentaria Mots., Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1892,
p. 102.
Two male specimens obtained at Saigö (Dogo), Aug. sth, and on
Mt. Dangyo (Dogo), Aug. roth.

133. Bizia exaria Walk. (Tsumatobi-kiedashaku).

Butl:, IL, Typ. ep. Het., 111, p..31Mplf=iviii, fie.5/(7870)2 Beecbr um:
Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xix, p. 220 (1897).

A male specimen in the collection of the Station,

134. Tristrophis veneris Butl. (Torafu-tsubame-edashaku).

Urapterya veneris Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p. 392 (1878); Ill.
Typ. Lep. Het., 111, p. 20, pl. xlviii, fig. 1 (1870); Zréstrophis veneris
Butl., Leech, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6), xix, p. 195 (1897).

I saw an example resting on a leaf of a bush at Saigo (Dogo) on

Aug. sth.

135. Thinopteryx delectans Butl. (Armadara-tsubame-edashaku).

Urapteryx delectans Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., 15, p. 45, pl. xxxv, fig. 2
(1878); Zhinopteryx delectans Butl., Leech, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.,
(6) xix, p. 194 (1897).

One male specimen obtained at Togo (Dogo), Aug. Sth.

136. Heterolocha phænicotænia Koll. (Akane-edashaku).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 111, p. 179 (1895); Leech, Ann.
Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xix, p. 232 (1897).
A male specimen captured at Saki (Nakanoshima), Aug. roth, is
much smaller in size than the typical form, and it has not “the dark patch
above inner margin of fore-wing.” However, I think, I do not err in

referring the specimen to this species.

HELEROCERA. 201

137. Heterolocha laminaria Hs? (Urea-beni-edashaku).

Hyperythra niphonica Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p: 46; pl xxxv, fig.
2 (1878); Heterolocha aristonaria Walk., Leech, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.,
(6) xix, p. 230 (1897); Heterolocha laminaria Hs., Staud.,. Cat. Lep.
pal., p. 330 (1901).

Collected a male and a female specimen on Mt. Daimanji, Aug. 14th,
and a male at Nakayamagoshi, Aug. oth. The female specimen is
possibly an aberrant form, having the marginal half «of secondaries
yellowish and not mottled with grey. At all events, all the specimens are
in much damaged condition, so that exact identification is scarcely

possible.

138. Spilopera gracilis Butl. (Tsamakiri-usuki-edashakn).

Iindropia gracilis Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) iv, p. 371 (1879);
Spilopera gracilis Butl., Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 111, p.
190 (1895); Leech, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xix, p. ‘400 (1897).

Two male specimens, smaller than the typical form, captured at

Saigo (Dogo), Aug. 5th, and on Mt. Daimanji, Aug. ans Exp. 32 mm.

139. Macaria defizaria Walk. (Furaten-oedashaku).

Macaria sachera Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) i, p. 405 (1878); Ill
Typ. Lep. Het, 111, p. 45, pl. lii, fig. 2 (1879); Mactria defixaria
Walk., “ Cat. Lep. Het., xxiii, p 932 (1861)”; Leech, Ait. Mag. Nat.
Hist., (6) xix, p. 307 (1897).

Three male specimens obtained on Mt. Daimanji (Dogo) Aug.
roth; at Saki (Dozen), Aug. roth; and on ‘Takasakfyama (Dozen),

Aug. 22nd.

140. Amphydasis betularia L. (Ö-skimofuri-edashaku).

Kirby, Butt. Moth., Europ., p. 306, pl. 47, fig. 24 a-d (1903); Staud., Cat.

Lep. pal., p. 336 (1901),
A male specimen in the collection of the Station.

202 T. MIYAKE.

141. Biston recursaria Walk. (? Ringo-/suno-edashaku).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 111, p. 246 (1895) Leech, Ann. Mag.
Nat. Hist., (6) xix, p. 324 (1897); Amphydasis superans Butl., Il.
Typ. Lep Het., 11,.p. 48, pl, xxxv, fig. 3 (1878).

A female specimen in the collection of the Station. Staudinger

considers „Amphydasis superans Butl. to be a variety of Armraica tendino-

saria Brem,, Lep., Ost.-Sib., p. 73; 1.6, fig. 17 (1864) (See Gat eps

pal. p. 337). But I am rather inclined to recognize 4. recursaria as a good

species and to place. swferans under it as a variety.

142. Biston sp.

Allied.-to- Liston serratilincaria Leech and also to D. recursaria
Walk. The ground colour is milky-white. A much damaged specimen
(sex undeterminable) captured on Daimanji (Dögo), Aug. 16th, was

recently sent me by Mr. Tanaka.

143. Boarmia charon Butl. (Namigata-edashaku).

Tephrosia charon Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p. 397 (1878); Ill.
Typ. Lep. Het., 111, p. 35, pl. xlix, fig. 4 (1897); Boarmia charon
Butl., Leech, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xix, p. 344 (1897).

A female specimen in the collection of the Station.

144. Boarmia cinctaria Schiff. (Rurimon-edashakı).

Boarmia cinctarta Schiff., Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ., p. 309, pl. 48, fig. 1
(1903); Leech, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xix, p. 349 (1897); Boarmia
insolita Butl.; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) I, p. 396 (1897); Ill. Typ. Lep.
Het., 111, p. 34, pl. xlix, fig. 5 (1879); Selidosema cinctaria Schiff,
Meyrick, Trans: Ent. Soc. Lond., 1892, p. 105.

A female specimen in the collection of the Station.

és ln ÈS

HETEROCERA, 203

145. Boarmia consortaria F. (Usuba-misuji-edashaku).

Boarmia consortaria F., Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ., p. 311, pl. 48, fig. 7
(1903); Leech, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xix, p. 419 (1897); Boarmia
conferenda Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) 1, p. 395 (1878); Ill. Typ.
Lep. Het., III, p. 32, pl. xlviii, fig. 8 (1879); Diastietis consortaria F.,
Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1892, p. 103.

A male specimen in the collection of the Station.

146. Boarmia albosignaria Brem. et Grey. (Yozsume-edashaku).

Boarmia ocellata Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond, 1889, p. 143, pl. ix,
fig. 11; Diastictis saturniaria Græs., Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.,
1892, p. 104; Ophthalmodes ocellata Leech, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.,
(6) xix, p. 334 (1897); Boarmia albosignaria Brem. et Grey, Staud.,
Cat. Lep. pal., p. 341 (1901).

A. male specimen in the collection of the Station. I have not seen a
description of Z. albosignaria. For the synonymy of 2. albesignaria

and 3. ocellata I have only followed Staudinger.

147. Boarmia crepuscularia Hb. (Lirddo-tobisuji-edashaku).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 111, p. 260 (1895); Kirby, Butt.
Moth. Europ., p. 312, pl. 48, fig. 10(1903); Tephrosia biundularia
Bork., Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xix, p. 337 (1897); Boarmia
nikkonis Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 406; Tephrosia
excellens Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) xili, p. 275 (1884).

A male specimen in the collection of the Station.

148. Aspilates sp.

A macerated male specimen in the collection of the Station. Very

probably it is A. formosaria Ev.

204 T. MIVAKE.

Epiplemidæ.

149. Epiplema moza Butl. (Kurohoshi-futao).

Erosia moza Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) i, p. 402 (1878); Ill Typ.
Lep. Het., iii, p. 42, pl. li, fig. 17 (1879); Leech, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.,
(6) xix, p. 184 (1897).

A male specimen obtained at Beppu (Dozen), Aug. 21st.

Cymbidæ.

150. Stenoloba Jankowskii Obth. (S/rrosuji-ringa).

Edema nivilinca Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1888, p. 638, pl, xxxii,
fig. 1; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1898, p. 300; “ Dichagyris Jankowskü
Oberth., Etud. d’Entom., x, p. 28, pl. iii, fig. 5 (1884) ” ; Leech, Trans.
Ent. Soc. Lond., 1899, p. 216; Stenoloba Jankozwskit Obth., Staud.,
Cat. Lep. pal., p. 361 (1901).

A male specimen in the collection of the Station.

Syntomidæ.

51. Syntomis Fortunei De l'Orza. (Kanoko-ga).

Hampson, Cat. Lep Phal., 1, p. 104, pl. iv, fig. 12 (1898); Leech, Proc.
Zool. Soc. Lond., 1888, p. 593; Leeeh, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1898,
p. 319; Syntomis erebina Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 5.

Of this species there is a good series in the Station. Mr. Tanaka

captured a specimen on Akahageyama (Chiburishima), Aug. 26th.

HETEROCERA, 205

Arctiadae.

A. Arctianae.

152. Diacrisia nivea Men. (AYyo-joro)

Dionychopius niveus Mén., Schr., Reis. Amur., Lep., p. 52, pl. iv, fig. 6
(1859); Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1888, p. 620; Spulosoma niveus
Mén., Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1899, p. 151; Diacrisia nivea
Mén., Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal., 111, p. 267 (1901).

I captured a male specimen at Tsuma (Dözen), Aug. roth. There

exists one male specimen in the collection of the Station.

153. Diacrisia obliqua Walk. (Ususujimon-hutor:,.

Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal., 111, p. 289 (1901); S/ulosoma todara Moore,
Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1872, p. 574; Hampson Fauna Brit. Ind.,
Moths, 11, p. 7 (1894); Sfélarctia nydia Butl., Hampson, Fauna Brit.
Ind., Moths, 11, p. 9 (1894); Spclarctia ione Butl., Il. Typ. Het., 111,
p- 6, pl. xlii, fig. 6 (1879) ; Spilarctia mollicula Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist., (4) xx, p. 395 (1877); Ill. Typ. Lep. Het. 111, p. 6, pl, xlii, fig. 7
(1879); Spllosoma mollicula Butl., Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1888,
p. 619; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1899, p. 149; Spilosoma howgua
Moore, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) xx, p. 88 (1877); Spilarctia howra
Moore, Lep. Atk., p. 40 (1879); Spilaretia dalbergiae Moore, Proc.
Zool. Soc. Lond., 1888, p. 394; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Int., Moths, 11,
p- 4 (1894); Spilarctia bifascia Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11,
p-9 (1893); Spilosoma bisecta Leech, Tranp. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1899,
p- 148.

One male and two female specimens in the collection of the Station.
154. Diacrisia subcaraea Walk. (Æaraaka-litori).

Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal., 111, p. 315 (1901); Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het.,
111, p. 6, pl. xlii, fig. 8 (1879); Spilsoma subcarnca Walk., Leech,

206 T. MIYAKE.

Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1888, p. 619; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond, 1899,
P, 149; Spilosoma erubescens Moore, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) xx,

p. 89 (1877).
A specimen in the collection of the Station.

155. Diacrisia seriatopunctata Mots. (Sayimon-hitor:).

Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal., 111, p. 285 (1901); Spzlosoma seriatopunctata
Mots., Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond,, 1888, p. 618; Trans. Ent. Soc.
Lond., 1899, p. 147; Spilarctia rosacea Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.,
(5) iv. p. 352 (1879); Sprlarctia basilimbata Butl., Trans. Ent. Soc.
Lond., 1881, p. 6.

One male specimen in the collection of the Station.

B. Lithosianae.

156. Ilema griseola Hib. (A7zshzta-hosoba).

Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal., 11, p. 168 (1900); Zithosia griseola Hüb.,
Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1888, p. 599; Hampson, Fauna Brit.
Ind., Moths, 11, p. 80(1894); Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1899,
p. 181; Staud., Cat. Lep. pal, p. 377 (1901); Lithosia aegrota Butl.,
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) xx, p. 397 (1877); Collita acgrota Butl., Ill.
Typ. Lep. Het., 111, p.8, pl. xlii, fig. 13 (1870); Lethosta adaucta Butl.,
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) xx, p. 398 (1877); Ill Typ. Lep. Het., 11,
p. 6, pl. xxii, fig. 6 (1878); Collita lilacina Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc.
Lond., 1878, p. 16; Lithosia fuscicilia Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind.,
Moths, 11, p. 80 (1894); Z’zhosia serva Walk., Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc.
Icorid.; 1878, pars Diane. 72

One female specimen in the collection of the Station.

157. Ilema calamaria Moore. (Avhara-ki-hosoba).

Manulea calamaria Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1878, p. 18; Hamp-

son, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 11, p. 79 (1894); Cat. Lep. Phal., 11,

HETEROCERA. 207

P. 176, plo zu, ho. 3 (1900). “ Kath aarıca Butl., Cist. Ent, III,
p. 115 (1885); Zithosia aprica Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1888,
p. 569; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1899, p. 184.

A male specimen obtained by the lamp at Saigo (Dogo), Aug. 8th.

158. Ilema okiensis n. sp.
Uniform grey-brown. Under surface a little more brownish. —
Allied to Crambidia pallida Pack., and C. uniformis Dyar. Exp. 22 mm.

One female specimen obtained by the lamp at Saigo, Aug. 13th.

159. Miltochrista gratiosa Guér. (Gomadara-beni-kokega),

Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal., 11, p. 488 (1900); Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, ır,
p. 118 (1894); Darsine mactans Butl., Trans. Ent Sec. Lond, 1877,
p. 340; Miltochrista pulchra Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist , (CAD sax,
62360 (1677) lil Typ. -Lep. Het." Mes pl. xxii, fig. 6 (1878);
Beech, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1888,/p. 008. Trans. "Ent. Soc. Lond.,
1899, P. 194 ; Barsine flammealis Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1878,
p. 28, pl. 111, fig. 15; Darsine pretiosa Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.,
1879, p. 394; Ammatho expixantha Meyr., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.,
1809, P. 194.

I saw one specimen on Takuhiyama (Dozen). There is one female

specimen in the collection of the Station.

160. Chionaema hamata Walk. (Akasuji-shiro-kokega).

Hampson, Cat. Lep. Phal., 11, p. 327 (1900); Bizone kamata Walk.,
Leech, Proc. Zool. Soc Lond., 1888, p. 604; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.,
1899, p. 171 ; Elwes, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1890, p. 301.

A male specimen captured at Kori (Dozen), Aug. 25th.

T. MIYAKE.

to
©)
(07)

Zygaenidae.

Chalcosiinae.

161. Heterusia aedea Clerk. (Okmawa-ruriehiraski).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1, p. 262 (1892); Leech, Trans. Ent.

Soc. Lond., 1898, p- 342.
One male and two female specimens in the collection of the Station.

It is very interesting that the moth occurs in the islands. The species has

not yet been recorded from the main island of Japan.

162. Pidorus glaucopis Drury. (Hotaruga).

Pidorus atratus Butl., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) xx, p. 401 (1877); Il.
Typ. Lep. Het., 11, p. 9,.pl xxili, fig..g (1878); Pidorus glaucopis
Drury, Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, 1, p. 255 (1892); Leech,
Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1888, p.613; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1898,

p. 338.
One male.specimen in the collection of the Station.

(MICROLEPIDOPTERA).
Pyralidæ.
A. Crambinae.

163. Chilo simplex Butl. (Nikwa-meigrr).

Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1880, p. 690; Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths,
iv, p. 26 (1896); Leech, Trans, Ent. Soc. Lond., 1901, p. 397 ; Crambus

HETEROCERA. 209

sonellus Swinh., Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1884, p. 528. pl. xlviii, fig. 16;
Crambus partellus Swinh4=Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.,-1885; p: 879.
This well-known insect injurious to rice-plant is reported by Mr.
Tanaka to occur occasionally in the islands. Another injurious borer of
rice-plant, Schwnobius bipunetifer Walk. (Sankwa-meiga), is said not to

have been discovered as yet in the islands.

B. Phyctinae.

164. Salebria semirubella Scop. (Akamadara-meiga).

Nephopterya semirubella Scop., Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv,
p. 84, (1895); Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1901, p. 408 ; Salchria
semirubella Scop., Staud., Cat. Lep. pal., p. 34 (1901).

Not uncommon at the lamp in Dozen.

.C. Pyralinae.

165. Tamraca torridalis Led. (Naka-akashima-meiga).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 159 (1896); Leech, Trans. Ent.
Soc., Lond., 1901, p. 426.
One male captured at Kitakata (Dogo), Aug. oth.

166. Pyralis farinalis L. (Aashi-no-shimameiga).

Kirby, Butt. Moth. Europ., p. 408, pl. 54, fig. 2 (1903); Pyralis fraterna
But, A 7Typ.kep. Het; 111, p.70 iviti, fig. 4 (1879); Leech,
Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1901, p. 422.

Often visits the lamp.

D. Hydrocampinae.

167. Mixophila () sp.

One female szecimen. obtained on Akahageyama (Dözen), Aug.

26th, is closely allied to IZ. renatusalis Walk.

210 T. MIYAKE

168. Diathraustodes (?) sp.

Two specimens obtained at Beppu (Dözen) on Aug. 23rd and at
Kori (Dozen) on Aug. 25th. Allied to D. Zeucotrigona Hamp., but the
patch on the costa of fore-wing is ochraceous instead of white and is of a

quadrate form instead of being triangular.

E. Pyraustinae.

169. Tyspanodes striata Butl. (Kurosuji-nomeiga).

Astura striata Butl., Ill. ‘Typ. JepiW$Het.; 111,P-76, pl Als here
(1879); Leech, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1901, p. 456.

One male specimen obtained on Daimanji (Dogo), Aug. 14th.

170. Dichocrycis punctiferalis Guen. (Mormo-nomeiga).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 307 (1896); Conogethes nigralis
\Varr., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) xviü, p. 168 (1896); Leech, Trans.
Ent. Soc. Lond., 1001, p. 456.

Two specimens captured at Saki (Nakanoshima) on Aug. roth, and

on Yügeyama (Nishinoshima) on Aug. 22nd.

171. Phryganodes noctescens Moore. (Kibara-nomeiga).

Charema noctescens Moor, Lep. Atk., p. 218 (1888); Leech, Trans. Ent.
Soc. Lond., 1001, p. 457; Phryganodes noctescens Moore, Hampson,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 303 (1806).

A male and a female specimen obtained at Niburi in Chibulishima

on Aug. 26th.

172. Nacoleia poeonalis Walk. (Auro-misuji-nomerga).
Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 313 (1896); Leech, Trans. Ent.
Soc. Lond., 1901, p. 458; Asopia misera Butl., Il. Typ. Lep. Het.,
III, p. 74, pl. lix, fig. 5 (1879).

HETEROCERA. 2I1

Two specimens obtained on Daimanji (Dögo) on Aug. roth, and at

Saigo (Dogo) on Aug. 1 sth.

173. Sylepta luctuosalis Guen. (Monki-kuro-nomeiga).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 340 (1896); Leech, Trans. Ent.
Soc. Lond., 1901, p. 464; Hymenia erebina Butl., Il. Typ. Lep. Het.,
II, p. 57, pl. xxxix, fig. 1 (1878); Coptobasis andamanalis Moore,
Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1877, p. 615, pl. 60, fig. 14.

Many specimens captured by the lamp in Dözen and Dogo.

174. Spleyta sabinusalis Walk. (Ukon-normeiga).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 333 (1896); Leech, Trans. Ent.
Soc. Lond., 1901 p. 466; Natarcha butyrina Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc.

Lond., 1886, p. 260.
Two damaged specimens (probably a male and a female) obtained

at Beppu (Dozen) by the lamp on Aug. 21st and 22nd.

175. Maruca testulalis Geyer. (J/ame-meiga).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 393 (1896); Leech, Trans. Ent.
Soc. Lond., 1901, p. 482.

A male specimen obtained at Beppu (Dozen), Aug. 21st.

176. Pachyzancla licarsisalis Walk. (Auroobi-kuro-no meiga).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 402 (1896); Leech, Trans. Ent.
Soc. Lond., 1901, p. 483.

Commonly found in both Dozen and Dogo.

177. Pyrausta nubilalis Hubn. (Awa-swuimushiga).
Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 435 (1896); Leech, Trans. Ent.
Soc. Lond., 1901, p. 503; Hatalis kasmirica Moore, Lep. Atk., p. 222.
pl. 7, fig. 23 (1888).

212 T. MIYAKE,

A large collection in the Station ; said to be injurious to Cannabis

sativa L.

178. Pyrausta sanguinalis L. (Zuza-beniobi-nomeiga).

Hampson, Fauna Brit. Ind., Moths, iv, p. 432 (1896); Leech, Trans. Ent.
Soc. Lond., 1001, p. 506.
A male specimen obtained at Beppu (Dozen), Aug. 22nd.

Yponomeutidæ.
Yponomeutinae.

179. Yponomeuta polystieta Butl. (Sarsashi-suga).
Hyponomeuta folysticta Butl., Ill. Typ. Lep. Het., tit, p. St, pl. lx,
fig. 11 (1879).

A male specimen captured at Beppu (Dozen), Aug, 21st.

Ww

DISTRIBUTION, 21

I append here a table showing the distribution of species in the four
islands of Oki, as far as is known to me with certainty. I regret that in
this connection Mr. Tanaka’s collection could not be utilized, owing to the

fact that the specimens were without exact statement of localities.

DOZEN.
DOGO. a —
Nakano- | Nishino- | Chiburi-
shima. shima. shima.
RHOPALOCERA.
Papilionid:e. | | |
1. Papilio xuthus. -| x | X | X x
2. Papilio n:achaon. x | | X X
3. Papilio bianor. | x | x
4. Papilio demetriu: . | X | x | x | X
5. Papilio macilentus | x | |
b. Papilio helenus. | X | |
7. Papilio sarpedon. | x | x |
Pierid:e. | |
8. Pieris rape. x x x | x
g. Pieris melete. x | x | x
10. Colias hyale. x | x x | x
11. Terias hecabe. x x x x
Nymphalid:e.
12. Hestina japonica. |
13. Limenitis sibylla. x |
14. Neptis Pryeri. | x
15. Neptis aceris. x x x x
16. Pyrameis indica. x x x x
17. Pyrameis cardui. x x x
18. Vanessa canace. x x x x
19. Polygonia c-aureum. x x x x
20. Araschnia burejana. x
21. Dichorragia nesimachus. x |
22. Argynnis paphia. X X x x
23. Argynnis niphe. x
24. Argynnis adippe. x | ?

214 T. MIYAKE.

DOZEN.
DOGO. DT po —
Nakano- | Nishinc- | Chiburi-
shima shima. shima.

25. Argynnis nerippe. È
26. Argynnis laodice. x x x
27. Argynnis anadiomene. x x x
28. Argynnis sagana. x x x
29. Satyrus dryas. x x x x
30. Ypthima argus. x x x x
31. Mycalesis perdiccas. x x x

Lycaenidic.
32. Cyaniris argiolus. x x x x
33. Zizera maha. x x x x
34. Everes argiades. x x
35. Chrysophanus phlæas. x x x x
36. Curetis acuta. x

Hespirid:e.
37. Daimio tethys. x x
38. Parnara mathias. x
39. Parnara guttata. x x x ?
40. Parnara Jansonis. x

HETEROCERA.

Sphingid:e.
41. Marumba Gaschkewitschii. x
42. Hyloicus pinastri. x
43. Macroglossa stellatarum. x
44. Macroglossa saga. x

Lasiocam pide.

45. Dendrolimus pini. x x
46. Malacosoma neustria. x

Saturmidie.
47. Actias selene. x
48. Antheræa yamamai. x

49.

DISTRIBUTION.

DOZEN.
DOGO.
Nakano- | Nishino- | Chiburi-
shima. shima. shima.
Callidulid:e.
Pterodecta Feldri. x x
Noctuid:e.

Acronycta rumicis. x ? x ?
Agrotis Dahlii. ? x
Miana segregata. x
Hadena porphyrea. x
Trachea atriplicis. x
Caradrina palpalis. x
Amphipyra pyramidea. x
Amphipyra Schrenckii. x
Amphipyra livida. x x
Dinumma deponens. x
Clethrophora distincta. x
Calpe excavata. x
Plusia eriosoma. x x
Remigia ussuriensis. x
Remigia annetta. x x x x
Polydesma vulgaris. x x x x
Nyctipao crepuscularis. x
Spirama retorta. x x x x
Spirama rectifasciata. x x x x
Ophiusa algira. x
Ophideres tyranus. x
Catocala volcanica. x
Catocala Jonasii. x
Toxocampa maxima. x x
Diomea cremata. x
Simplicia niphona. x
Zethes perturbans. x x
Bomolocha stygiana. x

X

Dichromia trigonalis.

216

T. MIYAKE.

79.
80.
81.
82:
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
gl.
92.
93»
94.
95-
96.
97-
98.

99.

100.

IOI.
102,
103.
104.

105.

106.

DOGO.

DOZEN.

Nakanc-
shima.

Nishino-
shima.

Chiburi-
shima.

Geometrinid:e.
Geometra vernaria ?
Acidalia muricata.
Acidalia remotata.
Dithalama indicataria. ‘
Timandra amata.
Gandarites Fixseni.
Cidaria decurrens.
Cidaria complicata.
Cidaria mactata.
Abraxas sylvata.
Dilophodes elegans.
Numeria pulveraria.
Xyloscia subspersata ?
Zethenia rufescentaria.
Tristrophis veneris.
Thinopteryx delectans.
Heterolocha phaenicotaenia.
Heterolocha laminaria ?
Spilopera gracilis.

Macaria defixaria.

Epiplemidie.

Epiplema moza.

Syntomidi:c.

Syntomis Fortunei.
Arctiadi:e.

Diacrisia nivea.
Ilema calamaria.
Ilema okiensis.
Miltochrista gratiosa.
Chionaema hamata.

Pyralidie.

Salebria semirubella.

x

DK DK

x

x

x

DERE

DISTRIBUTION. 217
DOZEN.
DOGO.
Nakano- | Nishino- | Chiburi-
shima. shima. shima.
107. Tamraca torridalis. x
108. Pyralis farinalis. x x X à
109. Mixophila sp. x
ıro. Diathraustodes sp. x %
111. Tyspanodes striata. x
112. Dichocrocis punctiferalis. x
113. Phryganodes noctescens. x
114. Nacoleia poeonalis. x
115. Sylepta luctuosalis. x x x 56
116. Sylepta sabinusalis. x
117. Maruca testulalis. x
118. Pachyzancla licarsisalis. X X X X
119. Pyrausta sanguinalis. x
Yponomeutid:e.
120, Yponomeuta polysticta. x
Total. 38 67 43
120 79 78

Eine neue Susswassermeduse aus China.
VON

Dr. Asajiro Oka.

Hierzu Tafel VII.

Die neue Süsswassermeduse, die ich in den folgenden Zeilen beschrei-
ben will, stammt aus Jantszekiang, und zwar aus einer Gegend, die un.
gefahr 1000 Seemeilen von dessen Mündung entfernt liegt. Sie wurde
nämlich im April dieses Jahres von Herrn M. Kawai, Kapitän eines
Jantszekiang-Dampfers, in der Nähe von I-tschang, Provinz Hupe, in zehn
Exemplaren gesammelt. Der Umstand, dass das Wasser dort wie in allen
grösseren Flüssen von China gewöhnlich ganz trüb ist, mag vielleicht
erklären, warum das Tier bis heut zu Tage unbekannt gcblieben ist trotz-
dem, dass zahlreiche Fahrzeuge jahraus jahrein seine Heimat durchfahren.

Bei näherer Untersuchung ergab sich, dass unsre Meduse in allen
wesentlichen Zügen mit dem Genus Limnocodiuim übereinstimmt, von
dessen einzig bekanntem Vertreter, Z. sowerbii, jedoch erheblich abweicht.
Ich betrachte sie daher als eine dieser Gattung zugehörige neue Spezies

und nenne sie dem Entdecker zu Ehren Zimnocodium kawvati.

Limnocodium kawaii nov. sp.
Diagnose.

Schirm: gewölbt, halbkugelförmig.

Velum: bis ein Viertel so breit wie die Schirmöffnung, in dieselbe
vorspringend.

Tentakel: über 256, in sieben verschiedenen Grössen, ziemlich
regelmässig abwechselnd.

Grösse: bis 20mm Durchmesser.

D
IS)
©)

ASAJIRO OKA.

Beschreibung.

Der Schirm ist in konserviertem Zustande ziemlich stark gewölbt,
beinahe halbkugelförmig, bei meisten Exemplaren ungefähr halb so hoch
wie breit. Wie man aus Fig. 1 (Tafel VIII) gleich ersehen wird, ist der
ganze Habitus echt medusenartig, im Gegensatz zu L. sowerbii, welche

D zu urteilen eine recht abenteuerliche, für

nach Lankester’s Abbildungen
Medusen höchst sonderbare Gestalt aufweist, indem sämmtliche Tentakel
senkrecht zur Ebene des scheibenförmigen Schirms und zwar nach oben
gekehrt stehen, während das Manubrium und die Gonaden frei nach unten
herabhängen. Doch darf man auf diesen Unterschied nicht viel Gewicht
legen, weil konservierte Exemplare von Z. sowerbii auch stark gewölbten
Schirm besitzen, und es ist andererseits möglich, dass unsre Meduse im
Leben andere Körperhaltung zeigte. Die Gallertschicht des Schirms ist
sehr weich und überall nur sehr mässig entwickelt, selbst an der Scheitel-
gegend ist sie nicht besonders dick.

Der Magen ist flach, viereckig, in der Mitte des Schirms liegend.
Seine orale Wandung hat die Form eines flachen Trichters, dessen Spitze
in das Manubrium übergeht. Von den Ecken des Magens gehen die vier
Radialkanäle, die gerade verlaufend in den Ringkanal ausmünden. Letz-
terer ist ziemlich breit, seine entodermale Wandung ist an der nach dem
Schirmrand zugekehrten Seite merklich verdickt. Wie sich an Schnittprä-
paraten leicht konstatieren lässt, steht der Ringkanal mit dem Lumen der
Tentakel direkt in Kommunikation, wobei er jedesmal einen allerdings
ganz kurzen Fortsatz bis zur Tentakelwurzel entsendet. Blinde zentripetale
Kanäle, wie man sie bei O/zidzas etc. findet, kommen nicht vor.

Das Manubrium ist verhältismässig kurz und ragt kaum über die
Schirmöffnung heraus. Er stellt eine vierkantige Säule dar, die von der
Mitte des Magens nach unten herabhängt. An seiner Ansatzstelle zeigt
es eine leichte Kinschnürung, nach dem freien Ende nimmt es dagegen
etwas an Dicke zu. Die Mundöffnung ist ebenfalls viereckig mit den

Ecken lappenartig verlängert.

1) Quart. Journ. Micr. Sc. XX. 1880.

EINE NEUE SUSSWASSERMEDUSE AUS CHINA. 221

Die Gonaden, vier in der Anzahl, befinden sich unterhalb der Radial-
kanäle unmittelbar nahe dem Magen. Sie haben eine ovale blattförmige
Gestalt, deren Flächenebene in der Richtung des Radialkanals liegt. Der
dem Manubrium zugekehrte Rand ist bei grösseren Exemplaren gewöhn-
lich in Wellen geschlangelt, was bei LZ. sowerbzi nicht der Fall ist.

Das Velum ist wohl entwickelt und springt wagerecht in die Schirm-
Öffnung vor. Seine Breite kann beinahe ein Viertel des Schirmdurch-
messers betragen, so dass dadurch die Schirmöffnung in sehr hohem Grade
verengt wird. Wie bei Z. sowerbir enthält das Velum in seiner Gallert-
schicht eingebettet die dem Genus eigentümlichen röhrenförmigen Verlän-
gerungen der Otocysten.

Die Anordnung und Grössenverhältnisse der Tentakel sind bei beiden
Spezies von Zimmocodium ganz verschieden und geben in der Tat die
augenfälligsten Unterscheidungsmerkmale zwischen ihnen ab. Während
die Tentakel bei Z. sowerbzi nur in drei verschiedenen Grössen auftreten,
hat man bei der neuen Spezies Tentakel von nicht weniger als sieben
verschiedenen Grössen zu unterscheiden, die in folgender Weise verteilt
sind. Die grössten Tentakel, welche der Bequemlichkeit halber als Ten-
takel I. Ordnung bezeichnet werden können, sind in Vierzahl vorhanden,
und stehen auf Perradien, ihre Länge gleicht bei konservierten Exemplaren
ungefähr dem Schirmdurchmesser. Die Tentakel II, Ordnung, ebenfalls
vier in der Anzahl, befinden sich auf Interradien. Die Tentakel III. bis
VII. Ordnung sind im allgemeinen derartig angeordnet, dass jeder das
Interval halbiert, welches zwischen zwei benachbarten Tentakeln höherer
Ordnungen liegt. Die Tentakel III. Ordnung, acht in der Anzahl, stehen
also auf Adradien, die der IV. Ordnung, sechzehn in der Anzahl, suf
Subradien, usw. Diese Regelmässigkeit erstreckt sich jedoch nur bis zu
den Tentakeln V. Ordnung, indem die Tentakel VI. und VII. Ordnung hier
und da überzählig auftreten, wodurch die sonst regelmässige Anordnung
etwas beeinträchtigt wird. Man findet nämlich zuweilen statt eines Ten-
takels VI. oder VII. Ordnung zwei solche, wovon der eine erheblich kleiner
wie der andere sein kann. Die Gesammtzahl der Tentakel beiragt demge-

mass immer über 256.

to
tu
iS)

ASAJIRO OKA.

Wie dem Genus charakteristisch, entspringen die Tentakel nicht
direkt vom Schirmrande, sie liegen vielmehr auf eine Strecke in der Gal-
lert der Exumbrella eingebettet, bevor sie den Schirm verlassen. Die
Länge solcher.Tentakelwurzeln stehen in direktem Verhältnis zu den
Grossen der Tentakel selbst, so dass je kleiner ein Tentakel ist, desto
naher sein Ursprung dem Schirmrande liegt. An Tentakeln I. Ordnung
betragt dieser Abstand ungefahr 1/5 der Entfernung zwischen dem Scheitel-
pol und Schirmrand. .. In diesem Charakter stimmt unser Genus mit der
aus Afrika bekannten Süsswassermeduse Limnocnida vollkommen überein:
Die Tentakel sind hohl, die Endodermzellen gross, blasensartig, mit dem
Kern dicht an der Zellwand liegend, so dass sie bei oberflächichler Betrach-
tung denen des Chordagewebes ähnlich sehen. Wie oben gesagt, steht
das Lumen der Tentakel mit dem Ringkanal in Verbindung.

Am Rande des Schirmes befindet sich ein wohlentwickelter Nessel-
ring, welcher ‘an :konservierten Exemplaren durch seine undurchsichtig
weisse Färbung sehr in die Augen fällt. Er bildet gleichsam den Rahmen
des Schirmes und zeigt an den Wurzeln grösserer Tentakel deutliche
Einkerbungen, die verschiedentlich ausgebildet sind je nach der Grösse des
betreffenden Tentakels. Unter dem Mikroskope betrachtet, löst sich der
Nesselring in zahlreiche, paarweise gruppierte, länglich ovale Nesselwüste
auf, die jedoch durch dünnere Partien unter einander verbunden sind.
An der Wurzel jedes Tentakels I. bis VI. Ordnung beobachtet man je ein
Paar solcher Wülste, so dass im Ganzen deren über 256 vorhanden sind.

Die Otocysten sind ähnlich gebaut wie die von Z. sowerbiü. Sie
liegen in der Gallertschicht des Velums eingebettet und zeigt insofern eine
höchst eigentümliche Beschaffenheit, als jede Otocyst dem freien Rande
des Velums zu in eine lange Röhre ausgezogen ist, die allmählich dünner
werdend, in der: Nihe des Randes blind endigt. Diese Partie liegt dem
exumbrellaren Epithel des Velums dicht an, wie ich sie in Fig. 3 abgebil-
det habe. Der eigentliche Körper der Otocyst befindet sich unmittelbar
an der Ansatzlinie des Velums und berührt mit seinem proximalen Ende
den dort befindlichen Nervenring. Der Randkörper, welcher durch einen

ganz kurzen Stiel am Grunde der Otocyst befestigt ist, hat eine kugelige

EINE NEUE SUSSWASSERMEDUSE AUS CHINA. 2

W
w

Gestalt und besteht wie bei Z. sozwerdii aus zwei Zellsorten, kleineren
gewöhnlichen und grösseren stark lichtbrechenden. Ein echter Otolith,
wie man ihn bei anderen Medusen vorfindet, gelangt nicht zur Ausbildung.
Was die Anordnung der Otocysten betrifft, so-sind dieselben in der Weise
verteilt, dass zwischen je zwei benachbarten Tentakeln I. bis VI. Ordnung
eine Otocyst ihren Platz findet. Wenn man daher die Tentakel VII.
Ordnung ausser Acht lässt, stehn die Otocysten regelmässig abwechselnd
mit den Tentakeln; wo ein Tentakel VI. Ordnung überzählig auftritt, da
ist auch eine überzählige Otocyst zu finden und zwar eine in Entwicklung
begriffene. Ihre Anzahl kommt demgemäss der Gesammtzahl der Ten-
takel I. bis VI. Ordnung gleich, beläuft sich also auf 128 und darüber.

In Fig. 2 (Taf, VIII) habe ich einen Teil des Schirmrandes mit Velum
und Tentakeln bei 20-facher Vergrösserung wiedergegeben, um die Anord-
nung der Tentakel sowie die gegenseitigen Lageverhältnisse verschiende-
ner Organe zur Anschauung zu bringen. Die Tentakel sind nur in der
linken Hälfte abgebildet, in der rechten Hälfte bis auf deren Wurzeln
weggelassen, um die darunter liegenden Organe, Nesselwülste und Oto-
cysten, deutlich hervortreten zu lassen. Ein Blick darauf wird, wie ich
hoffe, das oben Gesagte besser erläutern wie lange Worte.

Diese Spezies erreicht einen Dürchmesser bis 20 mın, sie übertrifft an
Grösse die andere Art um ein Beträchtliches, indem die letztere nach
Lankester’s Angabe nie über + Zoll gross wird (“the diameter of the disc

does not exceed half an inch.”)

Erörterung.

Die von Lankester gegebene originale Diagnose der Gattung Zimno-
codium lautet wie folgt:

“ Mouth quadrifid. with four per-radial lobes.

“ Stomach long und tubular, projecting below the disc.

‘‘ Disc, flattened.

“ Radial canals, four terminating in the marginal canal.

224 ASAJIRO OKA,

“ Marginal (Ring) canal, voluminous.

“ Centripetal canals (such as those of Olindias, Geryonia, etc.) absent.

“ Tentacles, solid, in three sets, the horizons of the insertion of which
are superimposed :—

“(1.) A highest (nearest the umbrella-pole) set of four large per-
radial tentacles—primary tentacles.

“(2.) A second tier of twenty-eight or more medium-sized tentacles
placed between these in four groups of seven—secondary tentacles.

“(3.) A third tier of one hundred and ninety-two or more small

tentacles placed in groups of six between the last—tertiary tentacles.
‘ Tentacles-rivets (Mantelspangen) connecting the roots of the tenta-
cles with the marginal ring (Nesselring) are connected with all the

tentacles.

““Otocysts placed along the line of the velum: about eighty in
number, from sixteen to twenty between each pair of perradial tentacles,
arranged in groups of two or three between the successive secondary
tentacles.

“ Velar centrufugal canals are present, passing from the otocysts—one
from each otocyst—into the velum, and there ending blindly. They
appear to correspond in character to the centripetal canals found in
other Trachomedusz in the disc. Their presence constitutes the chief
peculiarity of the genus Craspedacustes, and may necessitate the formation

of a distinct family or suborder for its reception.
“ Ocelli are wanting.

“Gonads, Four oval sacs depending into the cavity of the subum-

brella from the four radial canals.”

Vergleicht man nun diese Diagnose mit der obigen Beschreibung,
wird man sofort erkennen, dass darin zahlreiche Punkte enthalten sind, die
für die neue Form nicht passen. Wenn der Diagnose einer Gattung eine
einzige Spezies zu Grunde liegt, wie es hier der Fall, ist es unvermeidlich,
dass sie zur Aufnahme der neu entdeckten Formen gehörig modifiziert

wird. Auch die Angabe Lankester’s, dass die Tentakel solid seien, bedarf

EINE NEUE SUSSWASSERMEDUSE AUS CHINA. 2

N
in

einer Berichtigung, da sie auf einen Irrtum beruht, wie es schon Günther”
nachgewiesen hat. Ich gebe unten eine Diagnose der Gattung Zimnoco-
dium, von der ich glauben möchte, dass sie alle diejenigen systematisch
wichtigen Eigenschaften umfasst, welche den beiden Arten dieses Genus

gemeinsam zukommen.

Limmnocodium Allman 1880.
Syn. Craspedacustes Lankester 1880.

Schirm: scheiben bis halbkugelförmig.

Magen: flach, viereckig.

Radialkanäle: vier, in den Ringkanal einmündend.

Ringkanal: wohlentwickelt, ziemlich breit, mit dem Lumen der
Tentakel kommunizierend.

Zentripetalkanäle: nicht vorhanden.

Mund: viereckig, mit vier perradialen Loben.

Tentakel: hohl, über 200, von verschiedenen Grössen, die Wurzel
in der exumbrellaren Gallertschicht eingebettet.

Nesselring; vorhanden, an Tentakelwurzeln eingekerbt.

Otocysten: über 109, nach dem Rand des Velums zu röhren-
förmig verlängert.

Ocellen: fehlend.

Gonade: vier, von den Radialkanälen herabhängend.

Hinsichtlich der Stellung des Genus im System kann ich nur soviel
sagen, dass es trotz vielseitigen Beziehungen mit anderen Gruppen
ziemlich isoliert da steht, was aus seinem ungewöhnlichen Wohnort nicht
anders zu erwarten ist. Dass gleich nach seiner Entdeckung zwei
entgegengesetzte Meinungen darüber geäussert wurden, beweist schon
zur Genüge, dass die Frage eine recht schwierige ist. Während Allman
diese Gattung in die Leptomedusen stellte, glaubte Lankester dieselbe den
Trachomedusen, und zwar den Petasiden zurechnen zu müssen, indem er

sich hauptsächlich auf der Beschaffenheit der Tentakel und der Entste-

2) Quart. Jour. Micr. Sc. XXXV. 1894.

226 ASAJIRO OKA.

hungsweise der Randkörper stützte. Letztere Ansicht scheint bisher die
herrschende gewesen zu sein, denn Delage und Hérouard behandeln das
Genus in ihrer “ Traité de Zoologie concrète” als Anhang zu den
Trahchylida, ebenso wird es von Hickson in the “ Cambridge Natural
History ” in die Ordnung Trachomedusa gestellt. Soveiel ich feststellen
konnte, findet unser Genus in den Medusen der Olindias-Gruppe seine
nächsten Verwandten und muss demgemäss irgendwo in der Nähe der
letzteren Unterkunft finden. Um es gleich in die Familie Olindiidæ
einzureihen, wie es bei Hickson geschieht, fehlen meiner Meinung nach
noch genügende Gründe, da die Unterschiede zwischen ihnen immer noch
recht erheblich sind. Die Genera Olindias, Olindioides und Gomionemus
sind nun nach den Untersuchungen von Dr. S. Goto eher. als Leptome-
dusen in Anspruch zu nehmen, und ich fühle mich geneigt, auch unsere
Gattung in diese Abteilung zu stellen. Es lässt sich zwar nicht leugnen,
dass sie Charaktere aufweist, die auf eine Verwandtschaft mit den Tracho-
medusen hinweisen, aber diese werden, wie es mir scheint, von anderen
überwogen, die unsre Form den Leptomedusen entschieden näher
bringen.

Die Entdeckung, dass das Genus Zrimnocodium in Jantszekiang
vorkommt, bietet auch in zoogeographischer Hinsicht insofern ein beson-
deres Interesse, als es hier zum ersten Male in seiner natürlichen Wohnort
aufgefunden worden ist. Da ZL. sowerbii bis jetzt nur gelegentlich im
Wasserbehälter in Gewächshäusern beobachtet wurde, konnte man nichts
Bestimmtes über seine ursprüngliche Heimat ermitteln, obwohl die
Vermutung nahe liegt, dass es aus Westindien stammt wie die grosse
Wasserlilie, Victoria regia, mit deren Anwesenheit sein Auftreten
jedesmal zusammenhieng. Wenn dies wirklich der Fall wäre, so hätte
man hier wieder ein Beispiel jener merkwürdigen Erscheinung, wo eine
Tiergattung nur in zwei entgegengesetzten Punkten der Erde vorkommt.
Wie das Genus Zapirus unter den Säugetieren würde unsre Gattung in der
alten und neuen Welt durch je einen Vertreter repräsentiert sein. Es ist
aber möglich, dass die chinesische Spezies, ähnlich wie die afrikanische

Süsswassermeduse, Limmocnida, die nicht nur in Tanganika sondern

NINE NEUE SUSSWASSERMEDUSE AUS CHINA. 227

später auch in Victoria Nyanza und in dem Fluss Niger gefunden wurde,
auch in anderen Flüssen und Seen von Asien vorkommt, ob diese
Vermutung der Wirklichkeit entspricht, muss jedoch durch spätere Fors-
chungen festgestellt werden.

Tokio, den 15. November 1907.

Erklärung der Abbildungen (Taf. VIII).

Fig. 1. Ganzes Tier, 3-mal vergrössert.
Fig. 2. Ein Teil des Schirmrandes mit dem Velum, 20-mal
‘ vergrössert. In der linken Hälfte sind die Tentakel, in der rechten die
Nesselwülste und die Otocysten dargestellt. Die römischen Ziffer
bedeuten die Grösse der Tentakel.

Fig. 3. Radialschnitt durch den Schirmrand mit dem Velum,
30-mal vergrössert. Der Schnitt trifft einen Tentakel VII. Ordnung und

einen Otocyst.

n. Nervenring. rdk. Radialkanal.
ot. Otocyst. Za Tentakel.

rk. Ringkanal. vel. Velum.

Vorlaufige Mitteilung über einige neue japanische
Primnoid-Korallen.

VON
K. Kinoshita

Der Arbeit, welche an anderer Stelle eine ausführlichere Veröffentlich-
ung finden wird, liegt das Material zugrunde, welches seit über zehn
Jahren in das zoologische Museum der Tokyoer Universität von Sagami-
und Kagoshima-See gelegentlich gesammelt worden war. Vorlaufiger-
weise beabsichtige ich hier nur diejenigen neuen Arten kurz zu diagno-
sciren, welche mir besonders interessant erscheinen.

Ganz verpflichtet bin ich, Herrn Professor Dr. Ijima dafür, dass er
mich während der Arbeit ganz freundlichst geleitet hat, an dieser Stelle

meinen herzlichsten Dank auszusprechen.

1. Plumarella spinosa n. sp.

Verzweigung regelmässig federartig ; Ausbreitung ganz genau in
einer Ebene ; Kurzzweige steif und gerade, regelmässig abwechselnd, auf
5 cm. der Hauptäste zu 15—20 jederseits abgegeben, meist 3—4 mm.
oder noch kürzer, selten bis 5 cm. lang.

Achsen in Verzweigungsebcne abgeplattet und blassgelb bis
dunkelbraun mit schwacher Goldglanz,

Polypen genau abwechselnd in zwei Reihen, auf ı cm. der
Kurzzweige jederseits zu 8—10, contrahiert der Rinde angeschmiegt
und parallel der Achse gemessen gut ı mm. lang.

Von den acht Längsreihen der Rumpfschuppen die beiden abaxialen
aus 6—7, die adaxialen aus 3 Schuppen ; Rumpfschuppen meist gezähnelt,
auf der Aussenfläche nur basal gekörnt, sonst glatt, quer als längs
verbreitert; Randschuppen, zwei adaxiale ausgenommen, bald am freien
Rande in eine lange Stachel ausgezogen.

Operculum niedrig ; Deckschuppen dreieckig, gezähnelt, abwechselnd

230 K.. KINOSHITA.

gross, oberhalb des Nucleus etwas aussen hohl und auf der Innenfläche
niemals mit Kiel.

Rindenscleriten der Kurzzweige dünn, meist etwas verlängert,
gezähnelt, auf ihrer Aussenfläche meist mit radial angeordneten Warzen ;
die der Hauptäste dicker und mit besser entwickelten Warzen als bei den

vorigen ; tief liegende kleine Scleriten auch in Hauptastrinde vorhanden.

2. Thouarella typica n. sp.

Verzweigung in einer Ebene ; Gegensatz zwischen den Kurzzweigen
und den Hauptasten sehr scharf ausgesprochen ; Kurzzweige dünn,
biegsam, einfach, meist 2.5 selten 3.5 cm. lang und in der Nähe der Spitze
nach zwei Seiten, unten allseitig abgegeben, doch schnell in Verzweigungs-
ebene geneigt.

Achsen brüchig, bräunlich schwarz, nicht abgeplattet; die der
Kurzzweige äusserst dünn, biegsam und bräunlich.

Polypen in Wirteln meist zu 2—3, selten 4, ausnahmsweise isoliert ;
10—11 Wirtel auf 1 cm. der Kurzzweige. Polypen mit ihrer verkürzten
adaxialen Seite beinahe der Rinde angeschmiegt.

Von den acht Längsreihen der Rumpfschuppen die abaxialen aus
5—6, die adaxialen häufig deutlich und aus 3—4 Schuppen ; Rumpf-
schuppen rundlich oval, gezähnelt und auf der Aussenfläche um Nucleus
her mit zerstreuten Warzen; Circumoperculum gut entwickelt;
Randschuppen am freien Rance stachelig ausgezogen.

Operculum unbedeutend, von seiten nicht ersichtlich ; Deckschuppen
im allgemeinen sehr klein doch abweckselnd gross und sehr wenig aussen
hohl ; kiel rudimentär.

Rindenscleriten der Kurzzweige dünn, den Rumpfschuppen ähnlich ;
die der Hauptäste gedrängt lückenlos gelegt, mit zu Runzeln verschmol-

zenen Warzen der Aussenfläche.

3. Dicholaphis delicata n. g. et n. Sp.

Khlonie klein; Verzweigung typisch dischotomisch ; Ausbreitung in

einer Ebene ; (secundäre Zweigbildung kann geschehen ?).

NEUE PRIMNOID-KORALLEN,

N
Go
a

Achsen dünn, in Alkohol hängend, gelblich mit Goldglanz.

Polypen zerstreut um ganze Peripherie der Rinde, wahrscheinlich auf
Basalstamm fehlend ; Polypen schlank, contrahiert mit einer starken (bis
90° oder doch vielmehr) Knickung etwas unterhalb der Rumpfmitte
distalwärts gekehrt, parallel der Achse gemessen 1.7—2.3 mm., die
abaxiale Seite entlang 2.4— 2.8 mm. lang.

Rumpfschuppen in der distalen Hälfte in acht deutlichen Längsreihen
angeordnet, in der proximalen dagegen regellos; Rumpfschuppen
gezähnelt, mit der nur basal gekörnten, sonst glatten Aussenfläche ;
Randschuppen bald in der Mitte des freien Randes stachelig ausgezogen
und immier zu acht vorhanden, von denen die mehr adaxial liegende von

der zunächst abaxial liegenden übergedeckt.

Operculum äusserst hoch; Deckelschuppen sehr hoch dreieckig,
gezähnelt, oberhalb des Nucleus etwas aussen hohl, auf der Aussenfläche
nur distal und marginal mit länglichen Warzen und auf der Innenfläche
bald mit einer Andeutung von Kiel.

Rindenscleriten dünn, gezähnelt, rundlich oder meist etwas verlängert,
auf der Aussenfläche mit zerstreuten Warzen bedeckt und in einer Schicht,
zwischen sich mehrere Lücken zurücklassend, unregelmässig übereinander

gelegt ; Basalstammrinde mit tief liegenden kleinen Scleriten.

4. Caligorgia granulosa n. sp.

Verzweigung federartig; Ausbreitung genau in einer Ebene;
Kurzzweige auf 10 cm. Hauptastlänge zu ca. 30 unter ca. 20° abgegeben
und 3—4 cm. selten bis 7 cm. lang.

Achsen schmutzig braun, zylindrisch.

Polypen hauptsächlich in Paaren oder selten in Wirteln zu bis 3 und
parallel der Achse gemessen 0.3—0.9 mm. lang; 8—g Polypenpaare auf

ı cm. der Kurzzweige.

Von den acht Längsreihen der Rumpfschuppen die abaxialen aus

5—6, die äusseren-lateralen nur aus 1 oder selten aus 2, die adaxialen

232 K. KINOSHITA,

aus einer einzigen sehr kleinen Schuppen, die inneren lateralen wahrschein-
lich ganz reduciert; Rumpfschuppen auf der Aussenfläche mit dicht

stehenden, stacheligen, radial angeordneten Warzen.

Operculum hoch ; Deckschuppen dick, dreieckig, auf der Innenfläche
mit einem niedrigen Längskiel; Aussenflächenskulptur wie bei
Rumpfschuppen.

Rindenscleriten dick, polygonal oder selten etwas verlängert und an
einander passend in einer Schicht gelegt. Sculptur wie bei Rumpf-

schuppen.

5. Primnoa pacifica n. sp.

Kolonien sehr gross; Verzweigung dichotomisch; Ausbreitung
hauptsächtich in einer Ebene.

Achsen zylindrisch und stark goldglänzend, unten aber wegen der
reichen Ausscheidung von Kalk weisslich und matt.

Polypen beinahe alle basalwärts gekehrt und der Rinde angeschmiegt,
regellos zerstreut um ganze Peripherie der Rinde, bald ziemlich dicht,

parallel der Achse gemessen 5—7 mm. lang.

Rumpfschuppen dick, nur basal gezähnelt, auf der Aussenfliche mit
dicht stehenden, rundlichen Warzen bedeckt ; am Kelchrande immer acht,
an der Polypenbasis meist zwei grosse Scleriten mit Begleitung von
einem oder zwei kleinen vorhanden ; übrige Scleriten verschieden gross
und unregelmässig angeordnet ; adaxiale Wand, Kelchrand ausgenommen,
weit nackt.

Operculum hoch; Deckschuppen verlängert elliptisch, apical
stumpfwinklig, auf der Innenfläche mit dem dicken, niedrigen Kiel, bei
den erwachsenen Polypen von den zwischen ihrer Basis und Preopercular-
schuppen entwickelten, kleinen dünnen Kalklamellen getragen.

Rindenscleriten dick, verlängert, bald dreischenklig und in einer

Schicht gelagert.

NEUE PRIMNOID-KORALLEN. 233
6. Stachyodes irregularis n. sp.

Verzweigung dichotomisch und Ausbreitung in einer Ebene.

Achsen dunkelbraun und zylindrisch.

Polypen in Wirteln zu 4—6, unten zu bis 9; 13—14 Wirtel auf
3 cm. Astlinge; Polypen in Gestalt und Grösse sehr verschieden,
parallel der Achse gemessen 2—2.3 mm., selten bis 3 mm. lang.

Rumpfschuppen alle unverkittet und unvollständig um den Rumpf
geschlossen ; Basalpaar bald abnorm verlängert bis 3 mm. (meist 1.5—2
mm), bald kurz und breit oder bald am freien Rande stachelig
ausgezogen; Wurmgänge durch abnormen Wuchs derer gebildet ;
Midialpaar gewöhnlich am freien Rande auch ausgezogen ; Buccalpaar
auch oft mit stacheligen Fortsätzen, die Zahl derer aber unbestimmt ;
adaxiale Scleriten vorhanden, nur die zwei randständigen gross, die
übrigen sehr klein.

Operculum hoch; Deckschuppen hoch dreieckig, unbedeutend
gezähnelt, auf der Innenfläche mit einem dünnen, hohen Kiel versehen.

Rindenscleriten polygonal und dick, an einander passend, nur wenig
übereinander gelegt, meist mit concaver, mit Warzen und Runzeln

bedeckter Aussenfläche.

7. Stachyodes biannulata n. sp.

Kolonie regelmässig dichotomisch verzweigt, und in einer Ebene
ausgebreitet.

Achsen ein wenig abgeplattet, gelblich braun und schwach gold-
glänzend.

Polypen in Wirteln, apical zu 6—7, unten zu bis 9, parallel der
Achse gemessen 2 mm. lang; 13—17 meist 15—16 Wirtel auf 3 cm.
‘der Aeste.

Basal- und Buccalpaar an der adaxialen Seite vollständig geschlossen,
doch nicht verkittet: Medialpaar nicht geschlossen‘; adaxiale-buccale
fehlend. |

Operculum hoch ; abaxiale Deckelschuppen gerundet dreieckig, auf

234 K. KINOSHITA.

der Innenfläche mit dünnen, hohen kiel; adaxiale hoch dreieckig, von
den Buccalscleriten getragen.

Rindenscleriten dick, verlängert oder polygonal, an einander passend,
nur wenig auf einander gelegt, auf der Aussenfläche mit Wärzchen und

Runzeln.

8. Calyptrophora ijimai n. sp.

Kolonien Klein und zart; Verzweigung federartig; Seitenäste
regelmässig abwechselnd, meist unverzweigt. Zwischen den Bases der
Aeste und des Hauptstammes dünne, in sich Scleriten schliessende
Membrane vorhanden.

Achsen dünn und zylindrisch, unten braun bis dunkelbraun, in Mitte
etwas goldglänzend, apical beinahe farblos.

Polypen in Wirteln zu 4—5 selten zu 3; 11 —ı3 selten g Wirtel auf
3 cm. der Aeste. Diese regelmässige Anordnung durch Membrane viel
zerstört. Polypen contrahiert basalwärts gekehrt, parallel der Achse
gemessen 2—2.3 mm. lang.

Basal- und Buccalpaar unvollständig um den Rumpf geschlossen und
nicht verkittet; Basalpaar mit zwei äusserst langen Stacheln, bald
innerhalb derer auch mit kleineren Stacheln ; Buccalpaar auch mit zwei
Paaren langer Stacheln. Adaxiale-buccale Scleriten zu 4—5 vorhanden.

Operculum hoch ; Deckschuppen hoch dreieckig, der Länge nach
beinahe gerade, selten auf der Innenflache mit niedrigem Kiele.

Rinde dünn; Rindenscleriten dünn, polygonal, gezähnelt und

unregelmässig über einander gelegt.

NOTICE.

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prepaid.

Remittances from foreign countries should be made by postal
money orders payable in Tokyo to M. Namive, Zoological Institute,
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All manuscripts should be sent to THE EDITOR, ANNOTA-
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University, Tokyo.

All business communications should be sent to THE SECRETARY
OF THE TOKYO ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY, College of ia

Imperial Precisa Tokyo.
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ANNOTATIONES

ZOOLOGICA, JAPONENSES.

MOoLVL., “PATHMENT

PUBLISHED
BY
The Tokyo Zoological Society,
TOKYO.

June, 1908.

Notes on a Collection of Fishe:
Sauthern Parts of Sakhalin,
ae By SR

Some N on Cell- divisi ni

lacteus.

Uber eine neue Gattung von
dr)

On the Specific eo of the i

end Formosa.

‘On Tub act of Wing-m n.

ae

ma Aare

JUL 28 1908

Notes on a Collection of Fishes made by Prof. Ijima
in the Southern Parts of Sakhalin.

BY

Shigeho Tanaka, Rigakushi.

Zoological Institute, Science College, Imperial University of Tokyo.
(With Pl. IX)

The fishes collected by Professor Ijima and his party in the southern
parts of Sakhalin during May.to September 1906, was kindly placed at
my disposal for study. I now beg to report on it.

The collection was done principally in the following localities :
Korsakoff; Pervaya, Ftaraya and Tretiya Padj on the coast along the
Lososei Bay; the: Susuya River; Vladimirofka and Troitskoe in the
interior; Chipesani Village, Lake Chipesani and Lake Busse along the
northeast of Aniwa Bay; Nayoro, Seraroko and Airop on the eastern
coast,

I have referred the specimens to sixty-three species. Most of them
are subarctic forms, of which only a few are those that occur also in middle
Japan. Two species in the collection I have considered to be new to

science and shall propose to call Porocottus nigrescens and P. ijimai.

Family Petromyzonide.

1. Lampetra mitsukurii (Hatta).
A single specimen, 12 cm. long, obtained at Tretiya Padj (July 14).
According to Berg, ® Lampetra fluviatilis (Linné) is found in
Sakhalin. The specimen before me seems to be nearer to L. smitsukurit
rather than to Z. ffluviatilis, although it is too young to admit of accurate

identification.

a) Zool. Zentralblatt, Bd. 14, No. 5, 1907, p. 149.

236 S. TANAKA:

Family Squalidæ.

2. Squalus mitsukurii Jordan and Snyder.

Two specimens, from off Korsakoff (Aug. 10).

The origin of the first dorsal spine is a trifle nearer that of the second
dorsal than the tip of the snout. The relative position of these three parts
as given in the original description of Jordan and Snyder® does not agree
with that seen in the specimens before me, but these totally well with the

figure given by the said authors.

Family Cobitidæ.

8. Orthrias oreas Jordan and Fowler.

Numerous specimens from Chipesani (July 28; Aug. 23);
Vladimirofka (June 6; June 8) and Troitskoe (June 8).

The labels attached to the specimens bear the name Dojo, a name

which in Japan proper is applied to Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (Cantor).

Family Cyprinidæ.

4. Leuciscus hakuensis Günther.
Numerous specimens from Chipesani (July 28—Aug. 23); mouth
of the Susuya River (May 15); Lososei Bay (May 25).
Scales 15 to 16—80—14 to 15.
5. Leuciscus jouyi Jordan and Snyder.
Loc. Jap. name: Yachi ugui, Aburako, Aburako uwo.
Numerous specimens from Vladimirofka (June 6; June 8); Troitskoe
(June 8); the Susuya River (June 3).
Coloration variable, mottled with dark. Ground color very dark in

some specimens, but in others gray and scarcely showing mottlings.

a) Jordan and Snyder, Ann. Zool. Jap., vol. III, pt. III, Check List Jap., 1901, p. 129;
name only— Jordan and Fowler, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. XXVI, 1903, pp. 629—630, fig.
(Jordan and Snyder MS.).

u |

FISHES FROM SAKHALIN. 23

N

Family Clupeidæ.

6. Clupea pallasii Cuvier and Valenciennes.
Loc. Jan. name: Konishin (meaning little herring).
Numerous specimens from Chipesani (July 31) and Aniwa Bay.
D. 18 to 20, A. 16 to 17.

Family Salmonidæ.

7. Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Walbaum).
Loc. Jap. name: Masu.

Numerous specimens from Chipesani (July 25—Aug. 22) and Lake
Busse (July 9; Aug. 9).

8. Oncorhynchus milktschitch (Walbaum).

Five specimens from Lake Chipesani (Aug. 16; Aug. 22) and
Lososei Bay (Sept. 12).

9. Salvelinus malma Walbaum.
Loc. Jap. name: Ame masu, Yamabe.

Numerous specimens from Lake Chipesani (July 28); Vladimirof ka
(June 3—8) ; Troitskoe (June 3—8); mouth of the Susuya River (May
15; May 22); Tretiya Padj (June 17); Lake Busse (Aug. 9); Lososei
Bay (June 15).

Very closely allied to the species are Salvelinus pluvius Hilgendorf

and S. kundscha (Pallas). The three forms here referred to are said to

-differ from one another in the size of the whitish spots on body, in the

size of mouth and in some other trifling characters. Besides, different
ranges have been given to their distribution”; S. sza/ma thriving in
Alaska and Kamtschatka and extending through the Kuriles to Okhotsk
Sea; S. kundscha being common inthe streams of Kamtschatka ; and
S. pluvius living in all parts of Japan proper. However, the resembrance

of the three forms is so great that their specific distinction seems to be

a) Jordan and Snyder, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. XXIV, 1902, pp. 532—584.

238 S. TANAKA:

scarcely practicable as was pointed out by Mr. Kitahara® and later by
Dr. Jordan.»

A specimen, 8.6 cm. long without caudal, has brown ground color,
some 12 darker charr marks a little narrower than orbit and 4 or 5 rows of
clear-cut whitish spots much smaller than pupil, agreeing in these respects
with .S. znalına® as described by Jordan and Snyder.

10. Salmo perryi Brevoort.
Loc. Jap. name: Iwana uwo, Yamabe.

Numerous specimens from Vladimirofka (June 3 ; June 6); Troitskoe
(June 3); Tretiya Padj (June 17); Lake Chipesani (Aug. 16; Aug. 22).
11. Hucho blackistoni (Hilgendorf).

Loc. Jap. name : Ito.
Six specimens from the mouth of the Susuya River (May 15).

Family Argentinidæ.

12. Osmerus dentex Steindachner.
Loc. Jap. name: Kiuri.

Numerous specimens from the mouth of the Susuya River (May 15),
Pervaya Padj (June 17) and Lososei Bay (May 23; June 15; June 19).

13. Mesopus olidus (Pallas).
Loc. Jap. name: Chika.

Numerous specimens from a point 25 hiro deep off Chipesani (July
28; Aug. 30), Lake Chipesani (July 28. Aug. 23), mouth of the Susuya
River (May 15; May 22) and Pervaya Padj (June 17).

Specimen. A. B. | C. D.
D | 9 9 | 19 10
A 19 7 | 15 18

a) Kitahara, Ann. Zool. Jap., vol. V, pt. III, 1904, p. 120.
b) Jordan, Ann. Zool. Jap., vol V, pt. IV, 1905, pp, 161—162.
c) Jordan and Snyder, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. XXIV, 1902, pp. 583—584:

FISHES FROM SAKHALIN. 239

Family Argentinidæ.

14. Salanx microdon Bleeker.

Numerous specimens. Exact locality not given on the label.
Dar A2.

Family Gasterosteidæ.

15. Gasterosteus cataphractus (Pallas).
Loc. Jap. name : Hari uwo.

Numerous specimens from the mouth of the Susuya River (May 15
— 22) and Lososei Bay (June 21—23).

The lateral armature is complete, the plates growing gradually
smaller posteriorly and forming a distinct caudal keel. In this respect the
specimens greatly resemble those from Kanazawa in the Province of Kaga
and from Akkeshi in the Hokkaido, but differ from those from Imajiku in
the Province of Omi and from Kano in the Province of Mino. In the
specimens from the two last mentioned localities the plates are altogether
absent.

16. Pygosteus tymensis (Nikolsky).
Loc. Jap. name: Hari uwo.

Numerous specimens from Lake Chipesani (July 28) and Chipesani
(Aug. 23).

D. IX. to XI. Dorsal spines low, ventral spine short. In some
specimens having 9 dorsal spines, the ventral spine is much longer and is
contained 24 in length of head, these specimens not differing otherwise

from the rest.

Family Scombrida.

17. Scomber colias Gmelin.

Loc. Jap. name : Saba.

240 S. TANAKA:

One specimen from Chipesani (July 25).

Total length without caudal 35 cm. ; head 9.1 cm.; height of body 7.4
cm.; snout 2.7 cm. D. XI—12—I-I-I-I-I; A. I—12—I-I-I-I-I; V.1, 5;
P. 19 to 20. Without air bladder.

Family Scorpænidæ.

18. Sebastodes taczanowskii (Steindachner).
Four specimens from Korsakoff and Chipesani (Aug. 1).
19. Sebastodes glaucus (Hilgendorf).

One specimen from Airop (June 17).

Family Hexagrammide.

20. Hexagrammos octogrammus (Pallas).
Loc. jap. name: Robukubokke.

Numerous specimens from Chipesani (Aug. 1).
21. Hexagrammos lagocephalus (Pallas).

Two specimens from Airop (June 17).
22. Hexagrammos otakii Jordan and Starks.

Two specimens from Airop (June 17) and Lososei Bay (May 25).

The species is the commonest Æexagrammos occuring along the
coasts of Japan.
23. Pleurogrammus monopterygius (Pallas).

Numerous specimens from Chipesani (July 31).

The specimens have the ventrals a little shorter and the body a little
slenderer in comparison with //eurograminus monopterygius as described
in Jordan and Evermann’s Fish of North America”, but I can not draw up

a clear distinction.

a) Jordan and Ævermann, Fish. North and Middle America, pt. II, 1898, pp. 1864—
1866.

FISHES FROM SAKHALIN. 241

Family Cottidæ.

24. Porocottus nigrescens, n. sp.
(PIA 1X, Mes & 2).

One specimen. Exact locality not given. Head (measured to tip of
opercular flap) 2} in total length without caudal ; height of body 5}; eye
54 in head ; interorbital 53; snout 43; maxillary 23; first spine of first
dorsal 33 ; third spine 34 ; penultimate spine 43 ; last spine 87, ; first ray of
second dorsal 16}; second ray 2$ ; third ray 275 ; sixth and seventh ray
2 each; thirteenth ray 23; penultimate ray 41; last ray 43; first ray of
anal 44; second ray 37; seventh and eighth ray each 2}; penultimate
ray 34; last ray about 4; pectoral 13; ventral 2, first preopercular spine
63; height of caudal peduncle 875. D. VIIl—ı5; A. 12; P. 16to 17;
V. I. 3; C. (excluding rudimentary rays) 13; B. 6; L. lat. 38.

Body moderately long, not compressed; caudal peduncle a little
compressed. Head a little depressed, the sides slightly forming an angle
with the top. Postorbital part contained 1$ times in length of snout and
eye. Eye moderate, lateral, high up; interorbital rather wide, slightly
concave. Mouth wide, the lower jaw a little projecting. Teeth small,
conical, in rather wide bands on jaws and vomer, none on palatines ; the
band on the uppper jaw widened anteriorly, but that on the lower jaw
nearly not widened. The band on vomer strongly curved, the great-
est width across equal to vertical diameter of the eye, but a little shorter
than its horizontal diameter. Maxillary extending a little past vertical
from postorbital rim. Both pairs of nostrils forming each a short tube ; nasal
spine distinct. No supraocular spine nor postorbital cirrhi. Postorbital
ridges, originating immediately behind eyes, gently converge behind and
bend abruptly outward at a point halfway between the postorbital rim and
the end of opercular flap. Outside of the ridges exists a less distinct
ridge as usual. First preopecular spine curved very slightly upward,
extending to a point slightly past one-third the length of its origin and the

end of opercular flap; second preopercular spine two-thirds the first one,

242 S. TANAKA:

directed a little downward. Third spine directed downward, and fourth
spine downward and forward, both these two spines being entirely concealed
in the skin. Suborbital stay distinct, not projecting out in a spine. Post-
temporal spine and opercular spine end at almost the same vertical, not
reaching to the end of opercular flap. Humeral spine in a line with the
opercular one, projecting a little out of skin. Lower end of subopercle
and upper end of interopercle each with a sharp spine, their end converg-
ing and nearly touching ; the upper one pointed downward and back-
ward, the lower one upward and backward.

Gill-membranes confluent, forming a rather broad fold across the
isthmus ; gill-rakes on the first gill-arch 2+8, stumpy. No slit behind
last gill.

Top of head covered with hard warts, becoming a little less warty on
the sides; no plates on head. Skin of body with some scattered, rough
tubercles, arranged in some two or three longitudinal rows; those
converge backward, and unite into a single row in the posterior part and
then this continues on to near caudal base. Lateral line complete, with
small concealed scales. Skin below the lateral line a little or not at all scaly.

Dorsal spines rather low, the membrane between spines scalloped, but
its outer margin rounded in general contour; tips of the spines scarcely
reaching origin of soft dorsal when depressed. Soft dorsal high, the
membrane between the rays scalloped, but its outer margin rounded in
general contour; tips of rays extending a little beyond the origin of
uppermost ray of caudal. Anal originating below fourth dorsal ray, the
rays a little lower than dorsal rays ; the membrane between rays incised but
its outer margin rounded in general contour; last ray originating a little
before last ray of dorsal ; tip of longest rays falling far before caudal base.
Membranes behind last rays of dorsal and anal adnate to body. Pectoral
nearly not reaching anal; its posterior margin rounded; the lower rays
procurrent. Ventral extending four-sevenths the distance between its
origin and anal. Posterior margin of caudal a little rounded when spread
out, nearly truncate when closed. |

Color in formalin brownish above and on the sides, whitish beneath.

FISHES FROM SAKHALIN. 243

Head darker, without markings; lips and maxillary dusky ; membrane
joining premaxillary to maxillary whitish, without marking. Chin whitish,
growing darker toward anterior end.

The type, the only existing specimen, was obtained in the southern
part of Sakhalin. It bears the number 1387 in the museum of the

Zoological Institute.

Measurements of the species (in cm.)

Total length without caudal

ICRAM nome esol) ec ie Ra
Height of body ...

Height of caudal peduncle

Horizontal diameter of eye

Interorbital

Snout ...

Maxillary ...

HirSipreopercHlarispinesanenn cum u. 7 0. Se el ost

Second preopercular spine

First spine of first dorsal ...

Third spine of first dorsal

Penultimate spine of first dorsal

Last spine of first dorsal ...

First ray of second dorsal

244 S. TANAKA:

Second) zayyofisecondidorsall \c-5 Cette Se I: | 2.8
Aibirdirayaotzseeondkdorsall ols) eset e+ en Sn une Eee | 3-9
Sixthiand!seventhiray, of second dorsalreach. m SS ei | 4.2
Thirteenthiray'ofsecondidorsali <TR °° cpus ar 3.1
Penultimaterrayzoßisecondkdorsal MN ERE 1.9
Last rayiofiSecond dorsal. ... 1 (iv a+ ONE CO ne
First ray of anal die Dico Dis oc OT SC CE 1.8
Second’ray.of.analt... EL cao ale RS e ee ren 2.1
Seventhlandieighthirayioftana {each en te 3.0
Penultimate ray;ofarnali "ms © NN CRT 26
Last ray of anal RE OO EE er 2.2
Pectorale Me tO D CN 5-4
Ventral) LE Mona corsi sce AE ea can N n CR 4.0

25. Porocottus ijimai, n. sp.

(PR IX, Pipes 4):

Loc. Jap. name: Kazika.

Four specimens from the mouth of the Susuya River (May 15) and
from off Chipesani (Aug. 15).

Head (measured to tip of opercular flap) 3% in total length without
caudal ; height of body 43; eye 4} in head; interorbital 47; snout 43;
first preopercular spine 6. D. VIII to X—13 to 14; A. 12 to 13; P. 16 to
1730 Ved, SÉRIE Te RE" 36.

Body rather elongate, slightly compressed, tapering rapidly behind
the insertion of first dorsal; caudal peduncle slender, compressed ; body

widest at the angles formed by the origins of two uppermost preopercular

FISHES FROM SAKHALIN. 245

spines. Head much depressed; eye moderate, directed slightly upward.
Interorbital rather wide, slightly concave, without ridges. Mouth large,
horizontal ; jaws subequal, Conical teeth in rather wide bands on jaws
and vomer; none on palatines. The band on the vomer curved, its
greatest width a little less than horizontal diameter of eye. The band on
the upper jaw widened anteriorly, but on the lower jaw nearly not widened.
Maxillary extending to below postorbital rim. Nostrils each on a short
tube. Nasal spine rather sharp; no suborbital spine. Postorbitai spine
with a very small flap, sometimes absent. Postorbital ridges somewhat
converge posteriorly, abruptly bending near the end; a shorter ridge
outside of them as usual. 4 preopercular spines; the first one rather
long, curved a little upward ; the second one directed outward and back-
ward, two-thirds the upper one in length; the two lower ones concealed
in the skin. Suborbital stay distinct, without spines. Post-temporal spine
ard upper opercular spine distinct, ending at the same vertical. Opercular
spines 2, the lower one shorter than the upper. Humeral spine distinct.
Subopercle spine and interopercle spine concealed in the skin as in
Porocottus nigrescens. Gill-membranes confluent, forming a narrow fold
across the isthmus. Gill-rakers on the first gill-arch 2+6 to 7, stumpy.
No slit behind last gill.

Top of head sparsely beset’ with hard warts, the sides scarcely
warty. No plates on head.;. Skin of body with some scattered rough
tubercles, arranged in some two or three longitudinal rows ; these rows
converge posteriorly, unite into a single row on the posterior part and end
near caudal base. Below lateral line very few scales or none. Lateral
line complete, with small concealed scales in the anterior part.

In male, first dorsal separated slightly from second dorsal, the spines
nearly reaching origin of second dorsal when depressed; the spines
flexible, high, the longest spines about 2 in head ; the membrane scalloped
between spines, the outer margin rounded in general contour, adnate to
body behind the last spine. Second dorsal very high, the longest rays a
little longer than the length of head; when depressed the tips reaching

past half caudal; the membrane behind the last ray adnate to body.

246 S. TANAKA:

Anal originating below fourth dorsal ray, high, the longest rays 1} in
head ; the rays reaching a little beyond caudal base when depressed ; the
membrane slightly adnate to body. Ventral long, slightly less than the
length of head, nearly not reaching origin of anal.

In female, dorsal separated from each other by a very small
interspace. Dorsal spine flexible, much shorter than in male, the longest -
spine 23 in head ; the membrane scalloped between spines, adnate to body
posteriorly. Second dorsal lower than in male, the longest ray about 2 in
head, the rays nearly reaching caudal base when depressed ; the mem-
brane scalloped between rays, adnate to body posteriorly. Anal originat-
ing below second or third dorsal ray, high, 2} in head, not reaching
caudal base when depressed. Ventral shorter 13 in head, nearly not
reaching to vent.

Pectoral extending above third anal ray in male, a little beyond
origin of anal in female. The posterior margin rounded, its lower margin
procurrent. Caudal rounded when spread out, truncate when closed.

Color in formalin: Male brownish gray, belly and breast whitish.
Lower part of sides with several rows of whitish spots, some of the lower
ones being fused together here and there. Axil with larger white spots, giving
it an appearance like that of the toad’s belly. Head dark without markings,
the membrane joining maxillary to premaxillary whitish. Lips and chin
dusky, the latter faintly speckled. First dorsal dark brown, margin of the
membrane between spines whitish, 5 whitish spots on the membrane
between spines near base ; two of them between the third and fifth spines,
elliptical in form, long diameter of the spots being along the spines and much
longer than eye. Second dorsal dusky, with about 5 broad and darker
lines, which at places fuse together. Anal similar to second dorsal in
marking, but the lines a little broader than those on the latter. Pectoral
and ventral similar to anal in marking ; pectoral blackish at base, with 4
darker bands ; the lines on ventral reticulate by frequently anastomosing.
Caudal whitish with 3 darker wavy bands.

Female brownish gray or dark brown above, lighter below, with

markings fainter than in male. Chin, breast and belly whitish. Whitish

FISHES FROM SAKHALIN, 247

spots on the lower parts of sides fainter than in male, sometimes blotch-
like in form by running together. All the fins marked as in male, but
more faintly.

The species is named in honor of Dr. Ijima,

The type, a male, 21 cm. long without caudal, obtained at the mouth
ofthe Susuya River on May ısth, is preserved in the museum collection,

numbered 1388.

Measurements of the species (in cm.).

SPECLMEN ere. ee. ...| A. (Type). B. Cc. D.
mouth oflmouth oflmouth ofla point 11
Locality ... ... see see .… eee see ..lthe Susuyalthe Susuyalthe Susuyalhirodeepof
R. R. R. Chipesani
DES RE Ess oho con | AEST 285) May 15 May 15 Aug. 15
SCH ee ee ee... 12 E, 9 9 2
Length exclusive of caudal .. ... ... ... 21.0 16.4 21.0 16.5
eight Of bodyc.sp mentee Sr. D... «ges 4.8 4.0 4-3 355
Height of caudal ‘peduncle’ ~., ... ... «.: EO 0.9 1,1 1.0
Head (measured to tip of opercular flap) ... 6.9 6.1 7-4 E
Breadth of head (on the sea formed by 8
upper preop. spine) de 3:9 TA a
NER Gere i n Ton 132 1.4 122
Interorbital RER: 1.5 1.2 TE I.0
ONE Mic Re Se NO eretta less. cee 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.2
ERSTES ee es ern SRI 3.6 2.8 3.5 2.5
Birsenreopezculauspneie-) ..-. nee e DR KT FAT: 0.95

248 S. TANAKA:

Specimen ... Br B (GE
Second preopercular spine... ... ... ... 0.7 0.65 0.65
Firstspine/ofsfirstdorsall... 0... Mei 3.5 1.8 2.2
Second spine of first dorsal... ... ... +» 3.6 Dali 2.5
Third spine Offitst dorsal. 3.6 206 2.7
Fourthispine oßffirst/dorsal ra 3.6 2.0 207
Fifthispineiofifirst'dorsali. “sss 225) «ssa 3.6 2.0 2.2
Penultimate spine of first dorsal ... ... +. 1.2 1.2 1.0
Lastispine of-first dorsali wo NE. onen 0.9 0.6 0.65
First ray of second dorsal 4.6 ... 2... 2.6 2.3 2.0
Second ray of second dorsal ... ... .… 5.5 2.8 3.2
Longest ray of second dorsal ... ... ... … to (6th) (Gi
Last ray of second dorsal SA MONT 4.3 1.4 2.0
Firstray Of anal u. CRI 2.0 1.5 1.8
Longest ray of anal ... + [(7th te i) iin (in (6th en)
Last ray.of:anal, „ m PORT ER 2.2 1.6 1.8 1.3
Ventral? des 01 oso = tee ee 6.0 3-5 3-7 319
Pectoral.” ERNEST CR 7:0 4:7 5.9
D. ee «| 18-14 | VilI—14 | IX—13
Asa Lie Verre ocre Bü, ch 12 12 12
Pi. N n I 33 16 17 16

|
V 1,3 1,3 1,3

FISHES FROM SAKHALIN. 249

26. Myoxocephalus nivosus (Herzenstein).

Two specimens from Korsakoff (Aug. 19) and Lososei Bay (May 25).
27. Myoxocephalus raninus Jordan and Starks.

Numerous specimens from Korsakoff (Aug. 20), Lake Busse (Aug.
o), Chipesani (July 31—Sept. 18) and Lososei Bay (May 25).
28. Myoxocephalus jaok (Cuvier and Valenciennes).

One specimen. Exact locality not given on the label.

Total length without caudal 42 cm. ; height of body 7.2 cm.; height
of caudal peduncle 2°2 cm.; head 17°5 cm.; width of head 10°5 cm. ;

eye cavity 3 cm.; interorbital 2:6 cm. ; snout 4’ı cm. D. IX—16; A. 14;
Ves. Paz

Dorsals dusky, with faint marking; caudal with 3 cross bands
formed of spots ; anal with 5 oblique dark bands.

29. Ceratocottus namiyei Jordan and Starks.
One specimen from Korsakoff (Aug. 20).

Total length exclusive of caudal 18 cm. D. VIII--14; A. 12; P. 17;
Vel, 3:

30. Ocynectes maschalis Jordan and Starks.
One specimen. Exact locality not given on the label.

Total length exclusive of caudal 8 cm. D. IX—ı7; A. 14; P. 15;
V. I, 2; pores in lateral line 30 to 35.

Both lips blackish, the lower lip being rather creamy near corner.
Anal with oblique bands as in dorsal. 3 dark blotches on the upper part
of body beneath soft dorsal.

31. Hemitripterus villosus (Pallas).

Three specimens from Lososei Bay and Airop.

Specimen PN ae Re i A. B. C.
Laien Bes ER ESS es es | Lososei Bay ton i Airop
Date ES OMR cn È May 26 June 26 June 17
E rn DE IV=XIV—12/| IV—XIV—12
TAG ecu cece sco ti RE PORTE 14 15 14

Bie men NEES Sood Soule a dues no 19 ae 21 19

V 1,3 wo Pa I 2

250 S. TANAKA:

32. Hemilepidotus gilberti Jordan and Starks.

One specimen for Airop (June 16).

DIVI 22: Ans: Bar
33. Blepsias draciscus Jordan and Starks.

Numerous specimens from Chipesani (Aug. 1) and Lake Busse
(Sept. 18).

D. VII or VIII-22 or 24; A. 9 20; P. 13 t0 174: NT)

Family Agonidæ.

34. Brachyopsis rostratus (Tilesius).
Loc. Jap. name : Shichirö.

Numerous specimens from Lososei Bay (May 23—June 20),
Pervaya Padj (June 16; June 17) and Lake Busse (Aug. 9).
35. Tilesina gibbosa Schmidt.

One specimen from Lososei Bay (June 29).

Length exclusive of caudal 17 cm.; D. XIX—7; A. 26.
36. Podothecus accipiter Jordan and Starks.

Numerous specimens from Lososei Bay (June 29). D. VIII—8 ;
ASIO:
37. Agonomalus jordani Schmidt.

Three specimens from a point 11 hiro deep off Chipesani (Aug. 15)
and from Lososei Bay (June 21).

D. VIII—7; A. 13 to 0145; P. 10872, Cir.
38. Occa dodecaedron (Tilesius).

One specimen from Chipesani (July 31).

Family Cyclopteridæ.

39. Eumicrotremus orbis (Günther).
One specimen from Ftaraya Padj (July 14). D. V—8; A. 9.

FISHES FROM SAKHALIN. 251

Family Liparididæ.

40. Liparis agassizi Putnam.
Loc. Jap. name: Donkö.

Numerous specimens from Chipesani (July 31 —Aug. 14) and Tretiya
Padj (June 28).
DAL toe A 551034; P. 3, Cora.

Family Trichodontidæ.

41. Arctoscopus japonicus (Steindachner).
Loc. Jap. name: Hatahata, Hagotoko.
Numerous specimens from Chipesani (July 31; Aug. 1).
DI IX 12: Arsgr.

Family Gobiidæ.

42. Chænogobius macrognathos (Bleeker).

Numerous specimens from Chipesani (Aug. 23), Loscsei Bay (May 22)
and Lake Busse (Aug. 31).

D: VI to VIT—11' to 12; A. 11 t0 12, P..10.
43. Glossogobius brunneus (Schlegel).

One specimen from Lake Chipesani (July 26).

Family Blennida.

44. Neozoarces steindachneri Jordan and Snyder.
Four specimens from Lake Busse (Aug. 31).
45. Pholis pictus (Kner).
Loc. Jap. name: Gazi.

Five specimens from Lososei Bay (June 20).

252 S. TANAKA:

46. Opisthocentrus ocellatus (Tilesius).

Numerous specimens from Chipesani (July 31; Aug. 1), Lake Busse
(Aug. 9) and Lososei Bay (June 23).
47. Abryois azumæ Jordan and Snyder.

Numerous specimens from Lake Busse (Aug. 9), Lososei Bay
(June 19; June 23) and Pervaya Padj (June 16).

DI EX to LXI; A. I to II, sas

Anterior part of dorsal fin with, sometimes without, one or two
blackish spots.
48. Lumpenus fowleri Jordan and Snyder.

Loc. Jap. name : Gazi.

Numerous specimens from Lososei Bay (May 23; June 20).

D. LXXI to LXXIV; A. Ias; P. 14:
49. Dinogunellus grigorjewi (Herzenstein).

One specimen from Seraroko (June 22).

Total length without caudal 41 cm.; head 7'5 cm.; height of body
4'7 cm.; height of caudal peduncle 1°7 cm.; snout 1 cm.; eye 0'6 cm.;
interorbital 1 cm.
50. Alectrias benjamini Jordan and Snyder.

One specimen from a point 11 hiro deep off Chipesani (Aug. 15).

Total length without caudal 6°2 cm. D. LX; A. 44.
51. Anarichas lepturus Bean.

One specimen from Lososei Bay (June 1).

Total length exclusive of caudal 80 cm. ; head 18 cm.; eye 1°9 cm. ;
interorbital 4°5 cm.; snout 4°3 cm.; maxillary 9'9 cm.; caudal 5°8 cm.
DS As 54:

Family Zoarcidæ.

52. Zoarces elongatus Kner.
Loc. Jap. name: Gazi.

Numerous specimens from Lososei Bay (May 25—June 20).

53. Lycodes perspicillum Kroyer.

FISHES FROM SAKHALIN, 253

One specimen from off Chipesani (Sept. 3).

Total length exclusive of caudal 72 cm. ; height of body 10°4 cm. ;
head 18 cm. ; eye 1°8 cm.; interorbital 2°5 cm.; snout 5'°9 cm.; pectoral
@ sects base or pectoral 4:5 cm. pavemtrabei quem. D: 943; A. 74;
By aor Ve leees G.. TA

Color in formalin: Body with 12 cross bands, the bands extending
from near margin of dorsal to near median line of sides ; the last band on
the caudal base. No band on lower parts of body. A band on nape in
front of dorsal, extending to opercular flap; a spot on the occipital part;
no spots around eyes; no marking on anal and caudal. Body and fins,
except pectoral and ventral, with sparse, scattered, small and concealed

scales over which the skin shows whitish spots.

Family Gadidæ.

54. Gadus macrocephalus Tilesius.
Loc. Jap. name: Tara, Taranoko.

Numerous specimens from Chipesani (July 31), Korsakoff (Sept. 13),
Lake Busse, Nayoro (June 18), Airop (June 17) and Lososei Bay (May
25—June 23).

55. Theragra chalcogramma (Pallas).

Two specimens. Exact locality not given on the label.

Family Pleuronectida.

56. Paralichthys coreanicus (Schmidt).
Loc. Jap. name: Yanagida karei.
Two specimens from Korsakoff (Aug. 20).
bdo orso 64 or 68; P. rotto 120V7 6:
57. Protopsetta herzensteini (Schmidt).
Three specimens from Korsakoff (Aug. 20) and from a point 11 hiro

deep off Chipesani (Aug. 15).
DEMO 74.5 or 59.

254 S. TANAKA:

58. Limanda aspera (Pallas).
Four specimens from Nayoro (June 18).
D. 685 A:52 to 53 ;: P. 12'to £35. 6.
59. Limanda iridorum Jordan and Starks.
One specimen from Lake Chipesani (Aug. 23).
60. Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus Pallas.
Loc. Jap. name: Ishi karei.
Two specimens from Korsakoff (Aug. 20).
61. Liopsetta pinnifasciata (Kner).

Numerous specimens from Lososei Bay (May 25; June 16) and
Lake Busse (Aug. 9).

D. 57 or 61 to 63; A. I, 41 or a5047.

62. Platichthys stellatus (Pallas).
Loc. Jap. name: Same karei.

Numerous specimens from Chipesani (Aug. 6, Aug. 23), Lake Busse
(Aug. 9; Aug. 31), mouth of the Susuya River (May 15) and Nayoro
(June 18).

9756;,A: 41 to 42.

63. Microstomus stelleri Schmidt.
Loc. Jap. name: Yanagida karei. ,
Three specimens from Korsakoff (Aug. 20).
D. 89 or 93; A. 7606 81; Pre 20,

Explanation of Pl. IX.

Figs. 1, 2. Porocottus nigrescens, n. sp.
About + natural size.

Figs. 3, 4. Porocottus ijimai, n. sp.
Male (type). About 3 natural size.

On the Swimming Habit of a Japanese Enteropneust,

Glandiceps hacksii Marion.
BY
Iwaji Ikeda, Aigakushi.

Very early in the morning of September 3, 1907, when I was out
skimming with some of my students a short distance off Sesuijima (near
Tomo about 50 miles E. of Hiroshima) in the Inland Sea, a curious sort of
plankton covering a considerable area attracted our notice. On examining
the contents of our net, it turned out to be swarming Balanoglossus. A
little later, when the sun was about to rise, we could perceive myriads of
lively swimming specimens about our boat. We now came to realize that
we had been’ rowing about in a big sheet of swarming Enteropneusts.
More than delighted with this sight, we collected a bucketful of specimens
—a task accomplished in but a minute. They measured from three to
fifteen cm. in length (eight cm. on an average). The belt-like zones of
this plankton varied from one to five metres in width and were in some
cases two metres in thickness. The animals were crowded in various
degrees; at the thickest spot about fifty individuals in a cubic foot of
water, while at the thinnest only about ten in same. After nearly a hund-
red yards’ row, we came across another broader sheet of swimming Balano-
glossus. There they were so thick that we could count nearly a hundred
specimens in a cubic foot of water. When the sun was up, this curious
plankton almost suddenly disappeared. On coming back to the shore, we
found to our great surprise a considerable stretch of the beach (one metre in
width) covered with the deep reddish brown enteropneusts. Most of the
stranded specimens were mutilated, the post-hepatic region being lost.
They were naturally very sluggish out of their element; however, they

still showed some movements to burrow into the sands with their proboscis,

256 IWAJI IKEDA.

The curious phenomenon took place also inthe two following mornings.
It should here be noted that the individuals swam in every direction, but
were probably blown together into zones by winds and carried away en
masse by tidal currents.

To the above observations the informations gathered from fishermen
may be added. They call this Balanoglossus “ Binbo-mushi” (Pauper
worm). The swarming on the surface should take place on calm nights dur-
ing summer months, from August to the beginning of September (not every
year, but often with an intermission of several years). The floating animals
are said to be especially lively for some hours before daybreak. They
should usually live on the bottom of from five to fifteen fathoms.

It is certain that our swimming Balanoglossus is Glandiceps hacksti,
first described by Marion, then.by Spengel and recently by Menon.* It is
noteworthy that, as pointed out by the last author, the post-hepatic region
of the species is extremely flattened, and while swimming both the lateral
expansions function as fins. Another point should be noted is the
decided difference in coloration between the dorsal and ‘ventral sides.
This suggests the fact that the animal lies flat on the bottom, dark dorsal
face up, This premise was proved to be correct when the stranded speci-
mens were examined. From the two characteristics it may not be amiss
to conclude that this species is a swimmer as well as a creeper, but not a
burrower as other Enteropneusts are. This conclusion is also strengthened
by the fact that no sands are found in the digestive tract, the food con-
sisting entirely in micro-orgainsms such as diatoms, and dinoflagellates.**

As to why this Balanoglossus comes up to the surface at certain
period, I am unable to answer. At first I thought that this might be
a phenomenon similar to that which takes place in certain other animals,
but I have come to doubt the similarity, since in the present case the swarm-
ing has nothing to do with sexual maturity. It is quite possible on the

other hand that this form comes up to the surface after microplankton, which

* Menon, K. R., ’03.—Enterepneusta from Madras: Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci. 47.
** The food ingested becomes compact masses and gives the hepatic region a deep brownish
black color.

N
in
N

SWIMMING HABIT OF A JAPANESE ENTEROPNEUST,

as we know, flourishes especially in summer months and is most abundant
in calm mornings before sunrise.

In concluding this paper I wish to express my thanks to both Mr.
Iizuka and Dr. Yatsu for their kindness in facilitating the identification of

the enteropneust in question.

Normal College,
Hiroshima,

November 1907.

Note on aNew Deep-Sea Echiuroid,
Protobonellia Mitsukurii,
nov. g. et nov. Sp.
BY
Iwaji Ikeda.

In September of 1905, I had an opportunity, through the generosity
of Professor Mirsukuri of the Tokyo Imperial University, to examine an
interesting specimen of a deep-sea Echiuroid, which was obtained by Mr.
AOKI with a long line in the Sagami Bay at a spot 300 fathoms deep. On
dissecting it, I found at once that it was a new form with many points of
interest. I propose to institute a new genus and species on it under the

name of

PROTOBONELLIA MITSUKURII 207. 9. et nov. sp.

The body (in the preserved state) measures 24 mm. including the
proboscis which is 15 mm. in length. The body-proper is a long ovoidal
form, 9 mm. long and 5 mm. wide. The integument is almost colorless
by the action of the preserving :fluid and is so thin, smooth, and trans-
parent that the ventral nerve-cord and some parts of the intestinal loop shim-
mer through it, except the parts near the ends where
papillary bodies are closely set (fig. 1.). Over the
remaining regions the papillae are much more minute
and sparingly distributed. No regular arrangement is
detected in all of the papillae. About ı mm. from the
anterior end, there are two yellow ventral hooks, each
ending with an inwardly curved sharp point. Both are
carried on a small papilla-like elevation (see fig. 1.).

About 1 mm. behind the hooks is a small depression

t on the left side of the nerve-cord. This is the external
Fig. 1.—Ventral view

of the specimen, x3. aperture of the single segmental organ. The anus is

260 I. IKEDA.

situated at the ordinary position, and is not guarded by the caudal
spines.

The proboscis is exceedingly slender as compared with the body
proper. Since the proboscis is a very contractile organ, it would have
been much longer when alive than it is now. The organ has a deep
longitudinal groove along its ventral side, giving it a tubular appearance.
The tip of the proboscis is somewhat truncated. The ventral groove abrupt-
ly closes towards the mouth, forming a large oral funnel. The proboscis

is colorless and is covered with fine wrinkles.

The general aspect of the viscera 77 situ is shown in fig. 2, which
represents the animal opened along the mid-dorsal line. The alimentary
canal is cut across at one place, so as to expose the segmental organ and
the blood vessels; the gonad (ov) has been accidentally displaced to the
right being torn off from the ventral vessel.

Alimentary canal.—The alimentary canal is held in definite course by
numerous fine threads of muscles arising from the integument. Various
parts of the intestinal tract are very poorly demarkated in the alcoholic
specimen. The collateral intestine (cz) is distinctly developed along the
median ventral line of the mid-gut ; both its extremities are marked in the
figure with +t. Of these, the anterior end nearly coincides with the
posterior border of the ring-like sinus known as the ‘‘heart’’ (47). The
mid-gut and the collateral intestine taken together make up about one
third of the length of the entire canal. The hind-gut is relatively long,
occupying about one fifth of the intestine. As is the case with many
other Echiuroids, it is distinguishable from, the mid-gut by the presence
of the ciliary groove instead of the collateral intestine.

Anal glands.—To the terminal portion of the hind-gut near the anus
are appended the anal glands, two relatively short (about 5 mm. long) and
slender tubes bearing numerous and long-stalked funnels (fig. 2, ag.).
They are destitute of any attaching muscles, the free ends floating in the

coclom. It is somewhat dendritic, recalling the same organ of some

NOTE ON A NEW DEEP-SEA ECHIUROID, PROTOBONELLIA MITSUKURII, 261

Bonellian species. The main stem is very narrow; its proximal part how-
ever abruptly dilates into a thin-walled vesicle near the rectal junction,
This dilation does not seem to be an artefact; for the condition is the same
both in the right and left glands.
Both the vesicular and the tubular
parts are provided with the funnels
as well. The main stem gives off a
certain number (12—15) of side-
branches, each of which bears 2-4
long stalked funnels. The latter be-
come gradually fewer towards the an-
terior end of the main stem. No
rectal gland is present.

Ventral hooks.—When examined
from inside of the integument,
the radices of the ventral hooks are
seen as two comparatively long rods,
the sheaths of which have a very

complex system of muscles (figs. 2

Fig. 2.— Viscera 22 situ, highly magnified. ya and 3, rm). The. so-called radial

—anal glands; avv—accessory ventral vessel 0 3
“ ring-vessel”; ci—collateral intestine; dv—dorsa Muscles are exceedingly numerous,

vessel; /z—funnel of oviduct ; 4£—heart ; »220—

neuro-intestinal vessel; od-oviduct; »"— arising from the integument in seve-
radial muscles of the hooks ; 7—ventral nerve- n
cord; vv—ventral vessel. ral apparently concentric TOWS and

being inserted not only to the apex, but also to the whole length of the
radix, (see fig. 3). Of these muscles, the innermost ones are arranged in
one plane, thus giving to the whole group an appearance of a half cone.
There is another peculiarity concerning the shape of the interbasal muscle
(fig. 3, 2) of the ventral hooks. Contrary to all cases hitherto known,
this muscle is not a slender thread extending between the apices of
the hook-sheaths, but represents a very wide membraneous structure
stretching between the whole length of the two sheaths. It was ascertained
under a high power that the majority of the component fibres of this muscle

run horizontally, the rest pursuing an oblique course. Owing to the fine-

262 I, IKEDA.

ness and the irregularity of the
course taken by the fibres, the
muscle as a whole appears shiny.
3lood vessels.—The vascular
system is in general the same as in
other Echiuroids (e.g, Thalassema
and Zonellia). In the body
proper there occur two principal
longitudinal vessels, z.e., (1) the
ventral vessel (fig. 2, vv) along the
ventral nerve-cord (77) and (2) the
dorsal vessel (dv) extending between

. the proboscis basis and the “heart”

(42) which embraces the posterior
Fig. 3.—Magnified view of the radices of the part of the fore-gut. The ‘heart A

ventral hooks together with the radial muscles.
avv, od, rm, vn, and vv, same as in fig. 2; 777 and the ventral vessel are connected

—interbasal muscle, #2—pharynx.
to each other by a short vessel or
neuro-intestinal vessel (#77), which originates about 2 mm. behind the
insertions of the ventral hooks. A little anterior to the above spot there
arises another more slender branch which runs forward beyond the
interbasal muscle and is finally embedded in the proboscis (see avv in
figs. 2 and 3). Anteriorly this accessory ventral vessel, if I may so call
it, joins the ventral vessel at a point where the latter enters the
proboscis.
Sexual gland.—The position of the sexual giand is as in other forms,
î.e., along the dorsal line of the posterior part of the ventral vessel.* It is
a moniliform string about 5 mm. long. As the specimen is a female, the
gonad is made up of a great number of variously sized ovarian eggs (fig.
4). The youngest eggs are clustered on the ventro-lateral side of the ovary,
but more on the ventral side where the germinal epitheliurn passes over the
peritoneal covering of the ventral vessel. The remaining surface of the ovary

is thickly studded with more or less advanced oogonia (fig. 4). The

* The gonad is represented in fig. 2 in an unnatural position for the reason before mentioned.

NOTE ON A NEW DEEP-SEA ECHIUROID, PROTOBONELLIA MITSUKURII, 263

oogonium of various growth-phases has at its free end a cap of a compact

nutritive cell-mass, appearing, as in Donellia, as a small cone with blunt

apex. Fully grown oogonia of about 0.45 mm. in diameter found in the
coelom or in the oviduct are also accom-
panied with the cell-mass which has be-
come a little reduced in size.

Segmental organ or oviduct. — Only
the left oviduct is present attached close
to the ventral nerve-cord (fig. 2, 04.). It
is cocoon-shaped, thin-walled, and provid-
ed with a short stalk. The whole struc-

_ ture measures about 3.5 mm. long and
about 1.3 mm. thick. It seems however
to have been a more spacious sac in the
living state. The internal aperture of

the organ is of a similar shape and posi-

tion as is known in Zonellia ; it isa wide
and notably fimbricated funnel attached
to the distal end of a slender tube. The

latter opens into the sac near the stalk or duct of the organ. The sac is

Fig. 4.—A portion of ovary, X 35.

filled with full grown spherical eggs of about 0.45 mm. in diameter.
Systematic position. —From the foregoing description, it will be seen
that this species bears, so far as the internal anatomy is concerned, close
affinity to the Echiuroids belonging to the genus Bonellia. It agrees very
closely in almost all essential characters with the female form of Bonellia,
viz., with respect to the ventral hooks, the alimentary canal, the anal
glands, the vascular system, the single oviduct, and ovarian eggs. The
only point of difference from Donellia is in the shape of the proboscis.
But it must here be noticed that the proboscis of the Echiuroids in general
is a structure which varies more or less even in one and the same genus.
Echiurus unicinctus for instance, is almost proboscisless as compared with
other Zehiurus species ; just the reverse is the case with 7%a/assema taeni-

oides, in which the organ can be extended to a length three or more times

264 I. IKEDA.

as long as the body proper. Similar instances are also known in Hlamzngia
arctica and H. sibogae. Lastly, it is a well proved fact that the peculiar
bifid proboscis of female Bonellia arises ontogenetically from the ordinary
unbranched form of other Echiuroids.

The second point to be considered in comparing the present species
with Lonellia, is whether or not the sexual dimorphism found in Bonellia
and Hamingia is present in the species under consideration. In order to
determine this interesting problem, special attention was paid, while dissec-
ting the pharynx and the oviduct, in the search for parasitic males that
might be found therein. But all my efforts were unsuccessful. Notwith-
standing this failure, I am inclined to believe in the sexual dimorphism of
the present species, because of the general agreement in anatomy of both
genera (Protobonellia and Bonellia), especially in regard to the structure of
the oviduct and to the ovarian eggs. Moreover it is not unfrequent that
parasitic males are not found in the female however mature this may be, as
for instance in Bonellia minor as observed by myself and in Hamingia
sitogae as recorded by SLUITER.*

Now, as to the affinity which the present new species bears to other
Echiuroids. It must be admitted that this form is remotely related to
the genera Lehiurus and Thalassema, but more closely to the Bonellian
Echiuroids. Of the latter, again, Zore//ia stands more intimately allied
with it than any other genus. Aamingia, the only other genus of the
Bonellidae, agrees with the present species in having similar proboscis,
while it differs from the latter in wanting the ventral hooks. It may be
added that, two remarkable characteristics of Hamidngia sibogae, as describ-
ed by SLUITER, are the total absence of the anal glands and of the collateral
intestine. Judging from what has been said, especially with regard to the
proboscis and the ventral hooks, it cannot be doubted that the present
new species represents a very primitive type of the Family Bonellidae. I
think, therefore, it is necessary to found a new genus for this new species,
which I take pleasure in naming in honor of Professor MITSUKURI :

Protobonellia Mitsukurii.

* Die Sipunculiden und Echiuriden der Siboga-Expedition, Siboga-Expedite XXV, 1902.

NOTE ON A NEW DEEP-SEA ECHIUROID, PROTOBONELLIA MITSURURII, 265

Diagnosis of the genus Prozobonellia .

Proboscis long and tubular, not bifid. Body proper with two distinct
ventral hooks, without anal spine. Single genital duct with a long-stalked
and fimbricated funnel; anal glands once branched before ending into
ciliated funnels; eggs with a nutritive cell-mass. Alimentary canal and
blood-vessels well developed.

A genealogical tree of the species of Bonellidae may be constructed

as follows:
Protobonellia
Bonellia Hamingia
\ B. misakiensis _H. arctica HH. sibogae
DB. miyajimai
B. viridis, B. minor, B. pumicea, etc.

In the above table, side-branches represent aberrant forms. Thus
aberrant /Zamingia may have been derived from Protobonellia and H. sibogae
from a form like H. arctica. Again Bonellia misakiensis and B. miyaji-
mai may be considered to be aberrant departures, as in the former the female
is wholly destitute of hooks and in the latter the female is characterized of

supernumeral ventral hooks.

Zoological Laboratory,
Normal College, Hiroshima.

July, 1907.

Some Experiments on Cell-division in the Egg of
Cerebratulus lacteus

BY

N. Yatsu.

While making some experimental studies on the localization problem
in the egg of Cerebratulus lacteus, in the summers of 1905! and 1907 I
observed certain facts which seem to throw some light on the mechanism
of cell-division. They will be’ described in the present paper under six

headings.

1. Behavior of Enucleated Egg-fragments.

a. with the aster.

Case A. At an anaphase of the first division an egg was cut vertical-
ly parallel to the first cleavage plane. Soon after this operation the
egg divided to one blastomere of the normal size and smaller one (Fig. 1)
When kept in a compressorium the former became a morula, while the
latter did not divide at all (Fig. 2). The fragment cut from the egg also
remained undivided. In it no nucleus was visible, but two large asters
developed near the cut surface. From this it may be inferred that the
vertical cut separated the centrosomes from the chromosomes. In the
course of two hours a protuberance was formed on the enucleated fragment
on the opposite side to the asters (Fig. 2). The asters remained undivided
even as late as the 16-cell stage. It is interesting to note that the protube-
rance was formed at the farthest end from the asters as has been shown by
Boveri in the case of the monaster egg (’03). Furthermore the present

case seems to indicate that the above phenomenon takes place, (a) inde-

I The work of the summer of 1995 was carried on under a grant from the Carnegie Institution
of Washington, to which I here express my great obligation,

268 N. YATSU.

e

10

Fig.1. Egg cut at an anaphase (ro A.M.) drawn at the two-cell stage ; enucleated fragment on
the right. Fig. 2. The same drawn at 1.25 P.M. Fig. 3. Egg cut horizontally at an ana-
phase (4.3 P.M.) ; enucleated fragment below. Fig. 4. Enucleated fragment dividing, (4.10 P.M.)
Fig. 5. The same divided, (7 P.M.) Fig. 6. Egg cut at the two-cell stage (10.40 A.M.)
drawn at the four-cell stage (10.55 A.M.) Fig. 7. Enucleated fragment just cut off (10.40 A.M.)
Fig. 8. The same at 1.45 P.M. Fig. 9. Egg cut horizontally at the two-cell stage (12.10
P.M.) ; enucleated fragment below. Fig. 10. Enucleated fragment drawn nearly an hour after
the operation. All the drawings X 100.

EX ESOMPERIMECNTS OEDITIN- VISION. 269

pendent of the nucleus, (b) in the presence of two asters instead of one and
(c) not only along the cleavage plane but also at the polar region (cf.
CONKLIN ’03 p. 94). In this connection it may be mentioned that I have
met with several cases, in which short blunt knots appeared along the
cleavage furrows of the first division, ¢.g., Fig. 18 (cf. RHUMBLER ’04 pp.

60, 68, 69; BovERI ’03 p. 3; JOLLY ’04 pp. 504, 505).

b. without the aster.

Case B. An egg was cut horizontally at an anaphase of the first divi-
sion (Fig. 3). The nucleated fragment divided normally. No asters
appeared in the enucleated fragment. The cleavage-furrow at the vegetal
pole of the latter remained as when it was cut, whereas a new furrow was
formed on the cut surface. The rate of growth of this furrow was much
slower than that in the uncleated fragment. After seven minutes cleavage
went on as in the egg of ctenophores (Fig. 4). In three hours the enu-
cleated piece was found completely divided in two (Fig. 5). Each
“blastomere” has a pear-shape with a protuberance at the vegetal pole.
This clearly shows that an enucleated egg-fragment divides itself with the
aid of neither the nucleus nor the aster, provided that it be in a state of
division-activity. I wachted this fragment to see if that showed any periodi-
cal activity as in the polar lobe of the egg of Dentalium (WILSON ’04 pp.
52, 54, 55), but this did not occur.

Case C. An egg was cut at the two-cell stage horizontally (Fig. 7).
In a quarter of an hour the nucleated piece divided in four blastomeres (Fig.
6). No asters were seen in the enucleated fragment. It was, however,
found constricted in the middle. This may be taken for an unsuccessful
attempt of division.

Case D. The operation was the same as C (Fig. 9). Each half of
the enucleated fragment assumed a pear-shape with its pointed end to-
wards the vegetal pole strikingly resembling Fig, 5 (Fig. 10).

Case E. An egg was cut at the two-cell stage vertically (Fig. 11).
No asters developed in the enucleated fragment. The egg proper divided

fairly normally. The enucleated fragment elongated and had a deep con-

270 N. YATSU.

Fig. 11. Egg cut vertically at the two-cell stage (10.30 A.M.) ; enucleated fragment on the left.
Fig. 12. The same at 2 43 P.M. Fig. 13. Egg cut at the four-cell stage (11.30 A.M.) ; enucleat-
ed fragment on the left. Fig. 14. The same drawn at 1.22 P.M. (the egg proper) and at 1.25
P.M. (enucleated fragment). All the drawing X 190.

striction in the middle (Fig. 12). It, however, did not divide in two.

Case F. An egg was cut at the four-cell stage by a vertical cut
parallel to one of the two cleavage planes (Fig. 13). The egg proper
divided normally showing that the centrosomes had not been cut off by
the operation. No asters appeared in the enucleated fragment. A deep
constriction was found around the enucleated blastomere as in Fig. 12.
It finally cut the fragment completely to four spheres, two large and two
smaller (Fig. 14).

From the above five cases it will be concluded that a mass of
cytoplasm deprived of both the nucleus and aster shows various degrees
of division activity which is usually indicated by a constriction but some-

times is carried on to such a degree as the complete division eusues.

2. Fixity ofthe Cleavage Planes.
It should here be noted, as will be described in full elsewhere, that

when a portion of an egg is cut off at or prior to, the metaphase the result-

SOME EXPERIMENTS ON CELL-DIVISION. 271

ing blastomeres are of equal size. The result is, however, different when
the operation is performed in a later stage as we shall see below.

Cases A, Gand H. The eggs were cut vertically, in an anaphases,
parallel to the division plane. The cleavage furrows were formed along
the normal planes and the blastomeres were of different sizes one the
normal size and the other smaller (Figs. 1, 15-18).

Case I. A portion of a blastomere of the two-cell stage was cut at
an anaphese of the second cleavage (Fig. 19). The operated blastomere
divided unequally, the result being three of the normal size and one smal-
ler (Fig. 20).

From this it will be seen that in a later stage of a karyokinesis 2. e., in

the anaphase and telophase the future cleavage plane is definitely fixed

(0)
o)
\
ARA
16
‘a
x 18
19 À 9
Fig. 15. Egg form which a portion is cut off at the anaphase. Fig. 16. The same divid-
ing. Fig. 17. Egg from which a portion is cut off at the anaphase. Fig. 18 The same

dividing. Fig. 19. Egg from which a portion is cut off at the beginning of the second cleavage.
(11.35 P.M.) Fig.20, The sameat 11.45 P.M. All the drawings X190.

272 N. YATSU.

and can no longer be altered by injury of the polar region of the egg.
This result agrees well with cytological “data, which will be mentioned

elsewhere in detail.

3. Division after the Injury of the Pole-rays.

In the cases C. G. H and I (Figs. 7, 15-20) we have seen that irres-
pective of the injury of the pole-rays due to the operation the cell-division
took place normally, though the resulting blastomeres were of unequal
size, excepting the case C (Fig. 3). If we assume that the pole rays al-
one play the most important part in cell-division as maintained by the
advocates of the muscle-fibre theory, it is well nigh impossible to account
for the above result. The establishment of the diasteme seems to be no
less important in this respect.

Case A (Fig. 1) affords an intesting fact in this connection. In this
egg the centres of one pole have been cut apart from the chromosomes at
an anaphase.t Despite this the cleavage took place normally.

This clearly shows that a constriction can be accomplished, if not
initiated, by a centrosome at one pole. This seems to give a very strong
support to Bovert’s statement that the cell-division may be performed by

one ray-system only (’04 p. 5).

4. Relation between the Spindle axis and the Cleavage plane.

In order to subject eggs to a constant pressure they were put in a com-
pressorium since under a cover glass the pressure increases gradually as
the water evaporates. Several egg thus treated yielded interesting
anomalies. Of these two will be mentioned in this section.

Case J. The egg is at the four-cell stage (Fig. 21); the third cleavage
mitoses are at an anaphases in three blastomeres, while in one this has
proceeded to the telophases. In the upper right blastomeres the spindle

is almost parallel to the surface and the cleavage is about to cut in to the

1 It is quite probable that on the operated side a portion of the mother centrosome has been
left in the nucleated fragment, but it can not be doubted that two new centrosomes were in the
enucleated one,

SOME EXPERIMENTS ON CELL-DIVISION. 273

middle of the spindle. In the lower left blastomeres the spindle does not
lie parallel to the surface. Yet the cleavage furrow was formed just

about the middle of the spindle. In the upper left blastomere one of the

N
Za RSS

S

AMO \

LS dll
N S È
ZEN m AN

95 26

Fig. 21. Egg compressed at the four-cell stage. Fig. 22. Egg compressed. Fig. 23.
The same drawn a little later. Fig. 24. Egg compressed dividing by one-sided constriction.
Fig. 25. Egg compressed dividing by one-sided constriction. Fig. 26. Egg in which one of
the asters has detached from the spindle at the anaphase, drawn at the telophase. All the draw-
ings X 190.

asters has separated from the chromosomes. Despite this the indentation
has began to cut in perdendicular to the middle of the spindle.
Case K In a more strongly compressed egg (Figs. 22, 23) I have

seen an interesting case of cleavage. In three spindles the cleavage

274 N. YATSU.

furrows have began through the middle, while above one spindle lying
obliquely to the surface the cleavage first proceeded perpendicularly to
the surface and then changed its course to meet the spindle at the right
angles.

The above two cases seem to indicate that the cleavage goes on per-
pendicular to the middle point of the spindle irrespective of the position

of the astersì.

5. One-sided Constriction.

Cases L, M. Inthe compressed eggs the first cleavage is often ac-
complished by an one-sided constriction (Figs. 24, 25) as in the egg of the
coelenterates and of Petromyzon. This mode of division is met with very
seldom even among those under normal conditions. As has been main-
tained by Ziegler the one-sided cleavage is certainly due to the excentric
position of the segmentation nucleus. In compressed eggs the nucleus
seems to find it more difficult to attain the central position. In artificial
parthenogenesis this mode of cleavage is very common, since the egg
nucleus usually lies near the animal pole (cf, Morgan ’99 p. 452 Fig. 2).

It is, therefore, certain that the occurrence of the one-sided constric-
tion is not limited to the coelentrates and Pelromyzon but abnormally it
may take place in other forms, where, under normal conditions, the con-

striction is accomplished by both the animal and vegetal furrows.

6. Formation of the Daughter Nucleus independent
of the Centrosome.

Case N. Among compressed eggs I found one, in which one of the
asters has separated from the chromosomes at the anaphase (Fig. 26).
Should the separation take place a little earlier, say, at the metaphase, all
the chromosomes would have been attached to one aster, which case, in fact,

was met with very often. In the present case, however, the aster had sepa-

ı STRASBURGER has observed that the cleavage furrow cut in obliquely to the spindle (’80 p.
261). CONKLIN found that sometimes in the egg of Crepidulr cleavage goes on without res-
pect to the position of the spindle (03 p. 94). This is the only exception so far as I know, and I
think this may be due to the w. Il fixed localization peculiar to this form.

NI
ul

SOME EXPERIMENTS ON CELL-DIVISION. 2

rated from one chromosomal plate at an anaphase and the daughter nucleus
was formed independent of the aster. It is quite probable, however, that a
portion of old centrosome was left around the karyomeres, but none the
less conclusive that the growth of the daughter nucleus have been ac-
complished widely separated from the new aster.

In closing I wish to express my thanks to Prof. E. B. Wilson, who

‚kindly looked over the manuscript of this paper.

SUMMARY.

The conclusions arrived at from the fourteen cases mentioned in the
present paper are as follows :—
(1) Anenucleated fragment with the aster shows a disturbance of surface
tension at the end farthest from the aster.
(2) An enucleated fragment without the aster often shows a division
activity and in some cases it is completely divided into two.
(3) A mass of cytoplasm has in itself, er acquires under certain condi-
tions, the power of dividing itself with the aid of neither rays nor
centrosomes,
(4) Cleavage goes on normally even after one of the centres is cut off at
an anaphase.
(5) After the cleavage plane is fixed z. e., after the formation of the
diasteme, the cleavage furrows proceeds normally notwithstanding the
removal of a portion of cytoplasm.
(6) Cleavage between two asters with a spindle takes place perpendicular
to the middle point of the spindle, irrespective of the position of the
asters.
(7) One-sided constriction of the first division occur abnormally outside
the coelenterates and Petromy zon.
(8) The karyomeres may fuse and form a daughter nucleus even when
the chromosomes have been separated from the aster.

Zool. Laboratory, Tokyo Imp. Univ.
Dec. 3 1907.

276 N. YATSU.
LITERATURE.

BOVERI, T.,’03.—Uber das Verhalten des Protoplasmas bei monocent-
rischen Mitosen: Verhand. d. phys.-med. Ges. Würzburg, N. F. 34.

CONKLIN., E. G, 03 —Karyokinesis and cytokinesis in the maturation,
fertilization and cleavage of Crepidula and other gartropoda: Journ.
Acad. Science Philadelphia. 2nd sereis 12.

JOLLY. J., ’o4.—Recherches expérimentale sur la division indirecte des
grobules rouges: Arch. Anat. Micrs. 6.

MORGAN, T., 99 —The action of salt-solutions on the unfertilized and
fertilized eggs of Arlazia and of other animals: Arch. Entm. 8.
RHUMBLER, L., 'o1.—Über cin eigentumliches periodisches Aufsteigen

des Kernes an die Zelloberfläche innerhalb der Blastomeren gewisser
Nematoden: An. An. 19.
STRASBURGER, E., ’80—Zellbildung und Zellteilung. 3rd Ed.
WILSON, E., B. ’04— Experimental studies in germinal localization. I

The Germ-regions in the egg of Denztalium: Journ. Exp. Zool. 1.
D DD

Über eine neue Gattung von Susswasserbryozoen.

(Stephanella n. g.)
VON

Dr. Asajiro Oka.
Hierzu Tafel X.

Seitdem ich in Pt. 2, Vol. VI. dieser Zeitschrift eine kleine Mitteilung
über die Süsswasserbryozoen von Japan, in welcher nur 4 Arten als
einheimisch aufgeführt werden konnten, veröffentlichte, ist es mir gelungen
einige weitere Spezies aufzufinden. Eine davon scheint mir ein besonderes
Interesse zu bieten, indem dieselbe eine neue Gattung repräsentiert, die in
mancher Hinsicht von allen übrigen nicht wenig abweicht. Dabei kommt
vor allen Dingen die eigentümliche Gestaltung der Kolonie in Betracht,
welche, zum Unterschiede von allen bisher bekannten Genera der
phylactolaemen Süsswasserbryozoen, aus einem dünnen, kriechenden Stolo
und darauf senkrecht stehenden Einzeltieren besteht, wie man sie etwa
bei gewissen ctenostomen Meeresbryozoen vorfindet. Im folgenden
gebe ich eine kurze Beschreibung dieser neuen Form, für welche ich

den Namen Stephanella hina* in Vorschlag bringe.

Stephanella hina n. g., n. sp.
Diagnose.

Kolonie: aus Stolo und Zooecien bestehend; Stolo dünn, verastelt,
kriechend ; Zooecien cylindrisch, stehend.

Ectocyste: gallertartig, farblos, durchsichtig.

* Zr:payos Krone; hina (japanisch) Puppenkönigin.

278 A. OKA,

Epistom: vorhanden.

Lophophor: mit sehr kurzen Armen.

Tentakel: 36-40; Tentakelkrone beinahe trichterförmig; mit Ein-
buchtung an der Analseite.

Statoblasten: flach, kreisformig, mit Schwimmring, ohne Rand-

dornen.

Beschreibung.

Kolonie. Die Kolonie dieser Spezies bilden an Blättern und Stengeln
von Wasserpflanzen kleine gallertartige Massen, deren Gestalt je nach der
Form der Unterlage wechselt. Am regelmässigsten gestaltet sind
diejenigen Stöcke, die einen dünnen Stengel allseitig umgeben, wobei sie
eine nach beiden Enden zu allmählich sich verjüngende Spindelform an-
nehmen. Auf einem schmalen Blatt ist ihre Form die einer etwas
abgeplatteten Spindel, indem das Blatt die Achse derselben bildet. Wo
der Stengel ein Blatt oder einen Ast abgiebt, weist natürlich auch die
Kolonie einen entsprechenden Umriss auf, wie ich eine solche in Fig. 1.
(Tafel X.) in natürlicher Grösse wiedergegeben habe. Die Kolonien
erreichen eine Länge von 50-60 mm; die eigentliche Dicke der Kolonie,
d. h. der Abstand zwischen der Oberfläche der Kolonie und der Unterlage
beträgt in der Mitte, wo sie am grössten ist, ca6 mm.

Schon mit unbewaffnetem Auge erkennt man, dass die Kolonie aus
einer Anzahl dicht neben einander stehender Gallertsäulen zusammenge-
setzt ist, welche im mittleren Teil des Stockes eine senkrechte, in den
Randpartien eine mehr geneigte Stellung einnehmen. Diese Gallertsäulen,
deren Durchmesser ca. 2 mm beträgt, stellen nichts anders dar als Zooecien
und enthalten in ihrer Achse je ein Polypid, welches, wenn ungestört, aus
dem distalen, etwas verjüngten Ende der ersteren sich ausstreckt und
seine Tentakelkrone blumenartig entfaltet. Durch die Kleblichkeit der
Gallert bleiben mikroskopische Partikelchen, Diatomeen, Detritus usw. an
ihrer Oberfläche haften, wodurch die Abgrenzung einzelner Zooecien deut-
licher wahrnehmbar wird. Auch die ganze Kolonie erhält dadurch eine

schwache, grünliche bis gelblichbraune Färbung. Das Zooecium ohne

ÜBER EINE NEUE GATTUNG VON SÜSSWASSERBRYOZOEN. 279

die gallertige Ectocyste misst nur 0.5 mm, wird aber noch dünner, wenn
das Polypid ausgestreckt ist, durch die Kontraktion der Muskelfaser in
der Endocyste.

Wenn man eine Kolonie von der Unterlage abhebt, was ohne jede
Schwierigkeit geschieht, und sie von der Unterseite betrachtet, so sieht
man, dass die sämtlichen Zooecien von einem kriechenden Stolo entspringen
und mit diesem entweder direkt oder vermittelst eines kurzen Stieles ver-
bunden sind (Fig. 8). Dieser Stolo ist wurzelartig verästelt und liegt der
Unterlage direkt auf, ohne dass eine Gallertschicht von gewisser Dicke
dazwischen kommt, wie bei den Stöcken von Zophopus oder Pectinatella,
welche Gattungen auch mit gallertiger Ectocyste versehen sind. Was
dabei am meisten in die Augen fällt, ist die sehr geringe Dicke des Stolo
(ohne Ectocyste), welcher durchweg nur 0.1 mm dick, also nur 1/5 so dick
ist als das Zooecium (ebenfalls ohne Ectocyste). Freilich weist derselbe
im mittleren Teile des Stockes stellenweise dickere Partien auf, wo er
ebenso dick ist als das Zooecium, ja, in einigen Stellen kònnen solche
dickere Partien sehr überhand nehmen, aber selbst in diesen Fällen
bemerkt man stets, dass sie durch kurze Strecken von dünnen Partien
unterbrochen sind (vgl. Fig. 3). Wo das Zooecium mit einem Stiel
versehen ist, besitzt dieser dieselbe Dicke als der Stolo selbst. Da der
Stolo in den Randzonen, wo er zuletzt angelegt und folglich noch keiner
Umwandlung unterworfen ist, die oben erwähnte geringe Dicke aufweist,
se schliesse ich, dass die eigentümliche fadenförmige Gestalt desselben eine
ursprüngliche, nicht etwa eine durch Zug sekundär hervorgerufene ist,
während die dickeren Stellen in demselben durch späteres Wachstum der
dort befindlichen Knospen zustande gekommen sind. Hier hat man also
einen Charakter vor sich, welcher, soviel ich weis, bisher noch bei keiner
Gattung von Süsswasserbryozoen beobachtet worden ist, und wir sind
berechtigt, wie ich glaube, für die neue Form ein eigenes Genus zu
schaffen.

Einzeltiere. Was den Bau der Einzeltiere betrifft, stimmt unser Genus
im grossen Ganzen mit P/umatella überein, so dass ich darüber nicht viel

zu schreiben brauche. Ebenso wie bei letzterer Gattung besteht das

280 A. OKA.

Polypid der Hauptsache nach aus der Tentakelkrone und dem Darmtractus,
welch’ letzterer sich wiederum in Oesophagus, Magen und Enddarm
gliedert. Der Mund ist von einem Epistom überdeckt und führt in den
kurzen Oesophagus, worauf der sackartige Magen folgt. Dieser ist
U-förmig gebogen und an der Biegungsstelle in eine blindsackartige Er-
weiterung ausgezogen, an deren Spitze der Funiculus befestigt ist. Der
Enddarm beginnt am kürzeren Schenkel des Magens, verläuft an der
Analseite des Oesophagus distalwärts und mündet mit dem ausserhalb der
Tentakelkrone gelagerten Anus nach aussen. In allen diesen Punkten
verhält sich unsere Gattung genau wie bei jeder anderen Gattung.

Unsrer Gattung charakteristisch scheint dagegen die Gestalt des
Lophophors sowie die Zahl und Anordnung der Tentakel. Der
Lophohor ist im Prinzip hufeisenförmig, seine Arme sind jedoch so
schwach entwickelt, dass sie kaum diesen Namen verdienen. Wenn man
ein Polypid von der Seite betrachtet, so erscheint der Lophophor gar nicht
analwärts verlängert (Fig. 4), im Gegensatz zu P/umatella-Arten, die
sämtlich einen deutlich hufeisenförmigen, mit langen Armen versehenen
Lophophor tragen. Auch die Zahl der Tentakel sind weniger als bei
Plumatella, indem ihre Zahl nur 36-40 beträgt, während sie bei Arten
der letzteren Gattung bis 60 beziffern kann. Entsprechend der einfacheren
Gestalt des Lophophors ist die Tentakelkrone annähernd trichterförmig,
nur mit einer tiefen Einbuchtung an der Analseite. In dieser Beziehung
steht unser Genus in der Mitte zwischen Plunmatella und Zredericella,

wie aus der folgenden Tabelle sofort zu ersehen ist.

Arme des Lophophors Zahl der Tentakel

Plumatella lang 38—60
Stephanella sehr kurz 36—40
Fredericella keine 20—24

Das erwachsene Polypid von Stephanella misst ca 3.5 mm in der
Länge, wovon 1.5 mm auf die Tentakel entfallen. Bei kleineren Individuen

kommt sogar die Länge der Tentakel derjenigen des übrigen Körperteils

ÜBER EINE NEUE GATTUNG VON SÜSSWASSERBRYOZOEN. 281

gleich. Die Tentakel sind hell orange, der Magen ist gelblich grün und
der Enddarm bläulich grün gefärbt. Dass unser Tierchen mit diesen
Färbungen im Leben ungemein zierlich aussieht, braucht nicht erst hervor-
gehoben zu werden; und es war auch dieser Umstand, der mich
veranlasste, für unsre Form den Speziesnamen “hina” zu wählen.

Knospung. Daich den Knospungsvorgang dieses Tieres einer ein-
gehenden Untersuchung zu unterziehen gedenke, erwähne ich an dieser
Stelle nur soviel, dass die Knospung sowohl an der Wandung des Stolo
wie an der Parietalwand des Zooeciums stattfindet. Im ersteren Falle
tritt die Knospe zunächst in Form eines kleinen rundlichen Tuberkels an
der Oberfläche des Stolo auf. Dieser nimmt allmählich an Grösse zu,
und man erkennt sehr bald eine Differenzierung in denselben eintreten,
indem die peripherale Partie von dem axialen Teil durch Leibeshöhle ge-
trennt wird. Die erstere wird schliesslich zum Cystid, während aus dem
letzteren das Polypid sich entwickelt. Dabei geht das Wachstum der
beiden Teile nicht gleichen Schritts vor sich, das Cystid wächst viel lang-
samer als das zugehörige Polypid, so dass mit dem fortschreitenden
Wachstum des Individuums der proximale Teil des Polypids mehr und
mehr in den Innenraum des Stolo hineinragt, da das Cystid noch nicht
hinreichend gross geworden ist. An solchen Stellen wird der Stolo
natürlich dicker um das heranwachsende Polypid aufnehmen zu können,
bis er eben so dick ist als das Zooecium, wie ich bereits bei der Bespre-
chung der Kolonie erwähnt habe, Wenn das betreffende Individuum
völlig ausgewachsen ist, wird die verdickte Stelle des Stole wiederum
dünn, indem jetzt das ganze Polypid in das unterdessen gross gewordene
Cystid aufgenommen werden kann. Daher kommt, dass in ganz alten
Stöcken, die schon aufgehört haben, sich durch Knospung fortzupflanzen,
der ganze Stolo lauter aus dünnen Partien besteht.

Statoblasten, Der Statoblast ist bei unsrer Spezies flach und
kreisformig. Er sieht dem Statoblasten von Criszatella am ähnlichsten,
jedoch mit dem augenfälligen Unterschiede, dass der der letzteren Gattung
so eigentümliche Hakenkranz hier gar nicht zur Ausbildung gelangt.

Wie bei den Süsswasserbryozoen allgemein der Fall ist, besteht der Stato-

N
x
N

A. OKA.

blast unsres Tierchens aus einem mit harter Chitinschale umhüllten,
eigentlichen Körper und einem diesen gürtelartig ungebenden Schwimm-
ringe. Im Bau dieser beiden Teile habe ich nichts Abweichendes
konstatieren können, indem hier genau dieselben Verhältnisse sich wieder-
holen, wie bei den meisten P/urmatella-Arten. Der ausgebildete Stato-
blast ist schwarzbraun, sein Durchmesser beträgt durchschnittlich ca
0.33 mm. Die Breite des Schwimmringes variiert ziemlich stark, während
die Grösse des eigentlichen Statoblastenkörpers verhältnismässig konstant
ist (siehe Fig. 5).

Die Zahl der in einem Funiculus gebildeten Statoblasten ist bei dieser
Form eine ziemlich grosse. In alten Kolonien findet man diejenigen
Cystide, deren Polypide bereits zugrunde gegangen sind, stets mit Stato-
blasten erfüllt. In einem solchen, das ich zufällig darauf untersuchte,
zählte ich 37 Statoblasten.

Sämtliche Statoblasten sind von einer Art, d.h. sie sind alle schwim-
mende Statoblasten. Sogenannte sessile Statoblasten, wie man sie bei

Plwmatella-Arten vorfindet, kommen bei unsrer Form nicht vor.

Fundnotiz.

Diese Spezies kommt in einem kleinen Teiche in der Nähe von Bahn-
hof Mejiro in ziemlich grossen Mengen vor. Die Kolonien bilden kleine
gallertartige Massen, die Stengel und Blätter der untergetauchten Wasser-
pflanzen stellenweise umhiillend. Genannter Bahnhof liegt an der Yama-
note-(Ring-) Bahn unmittelbar an der westlichen Grenzlinie unsrer Haupt-
stadt.

Als eine sehr merkwürdige Erscheinung in betreff ihres Auftretens
ist zu erwähnen, dass dieselbe zu einer Zeit üppig gedeiht, wo die Kolo-
nien aller anderen Süsswasserbryozoen bereits gestorben sind. Sie tritt
nämlich im Dezember oder Januar auf, vermehrt sich durch Knospung
und lebt bis Mitte März fort, im Gegensatz zu allen bisher beobachteten
Arten, welche im Monate Juli bis August zum Vorschein kommen und im
November oder Dezember verschwinden, Am 19. Januar, wo sie zum

ersten Male zur Beobachtung gelangte, befanden sich die Kolonien noch

ÜBER EINE NEUE GATTUNG VON SÜSSWASSERBRYOZOEN. 283

in der Blütezeit ihrer Existenz, überall sah man Knospen verschiedener
Grösse aber nur sehr wenige Statoblasten. Dagegen waren in Stöcken,
die am 10. März gesammelt wurden, die meisten Polypide bereits
gestorben, indem die Cystide mit ausgebildeten Statoblasten erfüllt

waren.

Systematische Stellung.

Obgleich die neue Gattung in mancher Hinsicht von allen bisherigen
beträchtlich abweicht, halte ich für angezeigt, dieselbe in die Familie der
Plumatellidae zu stellen. Wie eingangs bemerkt, ist die Zusammen-
setzung der Kolonie aus Stolo und Zooecien unsrem Genus eigentümlich.
Dieser Charakter ist meines Erachtens wichtig genug um die Aufstellung
einer besonderen Gattung zu rechtfertigen. Vielleicht könnte man sie
mit demselben Recht, wie man Cris/atella zu einer eigenen Familie
macht, als Repräsentant einer eigenen Familie auffassen; wenn man aber
bedenkt, dass die Gestalt der Kolonie je nach den Lebensbedingungen
selbst innerhalb der Grenze einer und derselben Gattung einer hochgradigen
Variation unterworfen ist, so scheint es zweckmässiger, darauf nicht allzu
grosses Gewicht zu legen,

Nach dem Bau des Einzeltieres nimmt unser Genus eine Mittelstellung
zwischen den Gattungen P/umatella und Fredericeella ein, während es in
der gallertigen Beschaffenheit der Ectocyste nicht mit diesen, sondern mit
zwei anderen Gattungen, nämlich Lophopus und Pectinatella übereinstmmt.
Da alle diese vier Gattungen nach Massgabe der bisher üblichen Systematik
der Familie der Plumatellidae angehören, so dürfte auch die neue Gat-
tung, wenigstens zeitweilig, in dieselbe Familie Aufnahme finden, obgleich
sie in verschiedenen Punkten unter ihnen ganz isoliert da steht.

Was die Form der Statoblasten anbelangt, so zeigt unser Genus auch
in dieser Hinsicht Abweichung von den übrigen Plurnatelliden. Es giebt
unter den bisher bekannten Süsswasserbryozoen nur eine Gattung, die
regelmässig kreisformige Statoblasten erzeugt, nämlich Criszatella.

Unser Genus kommt somit in der Form der Statoblasten dieser Gattung

234 A. OKA,

näherals den Plumatelliden; der gänzliche Mangel des Hakenkranzes sowie
der mikroskopische Bau des Schwimmringes weisen aber wiederum auf eine
nähere Verwandtschaft mit den letzteren hin, so dass wir genötigt sind,
wie schon oben erwähnt, die neue Gattung als den P/urmatelliden angehörig
aufzufassen.

Tokio, d. 20. März 1908.

ÜBER EINE NEUE GATTUNG VON SÜSSWASSERBRYOZOEN 285

Erklärung der Tafel XI.

Fig. 1. Eine Kolonie. Nat, Gr.

Fig. 2. Ein kleiner Teil der Kolonie, den Zusammenhang der
Einzeltiere mit dem Stolo zeigend. 8 Mal vergr.

Fig. 3. Ein Teil der Kolonie von der Unterlage abgehoben und
von unten gesehen. 5 Mal vergr.

Fig. 4. Ein Polypid. 15 Malvergr.

Fig. 5. Zwei Statoblasten, Flächenansicht. 100 Mal vergr.

On the Specific Identity of the Scorpion-Spider

ofthe Loochoos and Formosa.
BY

Tomotaro Iwakawa.

With Plate XT.

The Scorpion-spiders from the Loochoo Islands and Formosa have
been distinguished into two species. The Loochoo species was first de-
scribed by H. C. Wood (1862) under the name of Thelyphonus stimpsoni,
while that of Formosa was first introduced to science by R, I. Pocock
(1894) by the name of Typopeltis crucifer?

The specimens which stand at my disposal for examination are ten in
number. Of these four (two males and two females) came from Formosa.
The remaining six specimens are from the Loochoos and are also equally
divided between males and females. The exact locality of these is probably
the Yaeyama archipelago, where the species appears to be not uncommon.

The original descriptions of the two species are inaccessible to me,
but the complete synopsis and the useful key prepared by Prof. Karl
Kraepelin have enabled me to identify them, and after a study of the
specimens I have been led to form a view of my own on the relation of
the scorpion-spider from the two localities.

On close examination of the specimens, I have failed to discover such
a distinction between the two forms as has been pointed out by the original
authors. Moreover I have found several points of disagreement between
the specimens and the diagnosis given to each species. The characters
relied upon for distinguishing the two species were chiefly those of the first

2. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1894, ser. 6, v. 14, p. 128.
3. Das Tierreich, 8, Liefering, 1899.

288 T. IWAKAWA.

abdominal ventral plate and of the tarsal flagellum of the females, the
comparison of the males having been entirely overlooked.

The first abdominal ventral plate of 7. crucifer is said to be widely
sinuated at the hind margin and to be provided with a deep Y-shaped
median groove on the surface near the front edge; while that of 7%.
stimpsoni should have the same margin abrupt and only slightly sinuated
and to be provided with a deep, quadrangular groove near the front edge
and on the sides of the median line with two streak-like but bent grooves,
which approach each other below the median groove.

Such a difference (PI. XI, fig, 2. A. B.) can indeed be observed on
the abdominal plates of crucifer and stimpsonz, but it seems to me to be
too slight to base specific distinction on. The Y-shaped and quadrangular
grooves are not fundamentally different, for the former can be easily
modified into the latter by supposing that the limbs of the letter Y became
more divergent and the notch a little deeper. I have found a quadran-
gular groove on the first abdominal ventral plate in one of the three
female specimens from the Loo-choo Islands; but in the other two
individuals, which from their paler color and smaller size seem to be
younger females, I could not observe any indication of such a groove, but
only the commencement of the median and lateral grooves; and in the
youngest of the three, the hind edge was rather truncated instead of being
sinuated (PI. XI, fig. 2, C. D.)

The outline and the engravings of the first abdominal ventral plate
seems, at least in the females, to undergo a gradual change with age, and
finally to reach the adult condition of sinuated shape with either a
Y-shaped or a quadrangular groove.

In regard to the tarsal flagellum, which consists of nine joints in both
sexes, the eighth and the ninth joint are stated to be black on the lower
side, and to have a deep incision near the base of each joint in the female
of crucifer (Pl. XI, fig. 3). In that of stimpsoni they should be simply
cylindrical and destitute of such an incision, the fifth and the eighth joint
of this species being black and thicker than the rest. The characters

of the joints regarded to be peculiar to crucifer, I have found also in one

239

of the adult females of simpson from the Loochoo Islands; while in the
other two individuals of the same sex from the same locality, all the joints
are simply cylindrical, but the fifth and eighth joints are neither black in
color nor thickened in any way, as they should be in s/1psoni according
to Kraepelin’s characterization of that species. I am, therefore, inclined
to think that the characters of the flagellum is also subject to variation as
the animal grows.

As before stated, the distinction of the two species was based only
on the females, and the male of the species s/impsoni was not known.
Fortunately enough there are three males of that species among my speci-
mens. These males do not differ in the least from those of the species
crucifer, and so in identifying them by the key of Kraepelin, I have always
reached the species crucifer without any difficulty.

Granting my identification to be correct, and in view of the variation
of females with respect to the characters of the abdominal ventral plate
and of the tarsal flagellum, it seems warranted to amalgamate the two
species into one and to adopt for this the name of s¢zmpsonz, according to
the law of priority. As a consequence, the diagnosis of the species may

be put down as follows:

Typopeltis stimpsoni (H. C. Wood).

Thelyphonus stimpsoni H. C. Wood, Proc. Ac. Philad., 1862, p. 312.

Th. sinensis Butler, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist, 1872, ser. 4, v. 10, p.
206 (juv.)

Typopeltis stimpsoni (H. C. Wood) Pocock, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist.,
1594giser 6; Vini4, p. 126, & 2) 1,3, 3a.

T. s.(H. C. Wood) Kraepelin, Abh. Ver. Hamburg, 1807, v. 15, p.
15; Das Tierreich, 8. Lieferung, 1899, p. 209.

T. crucifer Pocock, Ann, & Mag, Nat. Hist., 1894, ser. 6, v. 14, p. 128.

T. c.+T. formosunus Kraepelin, Abh. Ver. Hamburg, 1897, v. 15,
p.15(£), p.14(g). Das Tierreich, 8. Lieferung, 1899, p. 209.

Body dark or chestnut-brown, limbs paler.. The first abdominal

1. Das Tierreich. 8. Lieferung, 1899, p. 209.

290 T. IWAKAWA.

ventral plate of adult female is sinuated at the middle of the hind margin,
and has either a Y-shaped or a quadrangular groove near the front margin of
the surface (Pl. XI, fig. 2, A, B); in younger female no such groove can be
seen, there existing only two streak-like ones on the sides of an imperfect
median groove (fig. 2, C, D). In the male the same ventral plate has
truncated hind edge and shows a wide but shallow depression on the sur-
face at the hind end of the median line (fig. 2, E). The trochanter of
maxillary palpus possesses five marginal teeth on the upper surface in both
sexes, but in male the first or the outermost tooth is much stronger than
other teeth (fig. 3, B), while in female the second is the strongest, instead
of the first, which is much smaller (fig. 3, A). The tibial apophysis in
male is crooked and knobbed; the minute teeth on this knob are divided
into two sets (outer and inner) by an incision which receives the tip of the
movable finger, and the outer set touches the inner side of the immov-
able finger. The hand of male is suddenly reduced in size towards the
fingers, and the serrulated inner margin projects as an immovable finger
from the hand at an obtuse angle. The hand of female tapers gradually
towards the extremity, and the immovable finger projects gradually from
the inner angle of the hand, running parallel with the tibial apophysis
(fig. 3) The eighth and ninth joints of the tarsal flagellum of adult
female are black on the lower side, and each has a deep indentation near
the base, but in young female the joints are simply cylindrical and not black
in color. L. 31-42 mm.

Habitat: Loochoo, Formosa, Hongkong.

Fig.

Os

Explanation of Plate XI.

Typopeltis stimpsoni (H. C. Wood) from the Loochoo Islands.
dani:
Variation of the sculpture on the first abdominal plate. 2/1.

A. That of an adult female from Formosa.
B

. Be sa" batman 2 » Loochoo.
Ce Pade. a yvOune ,, ne ws
EE Be ar ay ei a agri
E. » » an adult male 5 RE

Maxillary palpi. About 2/1.
A. The right maxillary palpus of female.
bea n > bee male.
Tr. trochanter; F. femur; T. tibia ;
Ta. tibial apophysis ; H. hand; f. immovable finger;
f.’ movable finger.
Tarsal flagellum enlarged.
A. Entire form consisting of nine joints. 2/1.
B. The eighth and ninth joints more enlarged, with a notch on

the blackened base of each of them.

On Two Anomalies of Wing marking in
Pter decta Felder. Brem.

BY

T. Miyake,

The family Callidulidae is interesting because of its being intermediate
between Rhopalocera and Heterocera, and because of the fact that its
developmental stages are not as yet known. The only species of this
family found in the main is-
land of Japan is Pterodecta
Felderi Bremer(= P. gloriosa
Butl.) The moth is not at
all rare flying about in the
day-time in woody moun-
tainous regions from July till
October. Specimens of the
moth collected by me yield
a wide range of variabilities
in the wing-marking, of
which two most remarkable
ones will be mentioned in
this paper.

In the wing of the moth
one notices an orange-
yellow, postmedial, curved
band, extending from the
costa to the vein I, sending
a projection towards the

wing-base between the veins

III and IV. The proection

294 T. MIYAKE.

is remarkable in that it is long in some individuals (fig. c) and very short in
others (fig. d). The end of the projection is pointed in many cases, while
in some others it is blunt or rounded. When pointed, it terminates on
the vein IV. When the projection is short and its end is rounded as in
fig. d, the wing-marking resembles somewhat that of Callidula erycinoides
Walk. and its allies. The proportion of the part of the band anterior to the
projection to that posterior to the projection is not always constant; the
two parts may sometimes be of the same length.

The outer margin of the band is usually entire ; in certain specimens,
however, there is a slight indendation between the veins III and IV.

In the two aberrant specimens, the male specimen (fig. a) captured in
Tosa by Mr. Takenouchi has a deep sinuation between the veins III and
IV in the outer margin of the band, so that it takes the form ofa 3. The
other one (fig. b), a female, which was caught by Mr. Ikeda at Hachijuri
in Echigo on 12th July, ’96, possesses a very slight inner projection be-
tween the veins IIL and IV. Posteriorly the projection is extremely narrow
and sends off two short streaks along the veins I and II towards the base
of the wing, the part giving the appearance of an E. In all other points
both the specimens differ in no way from the typical form.

eb, 1908:

On the Breeding Habit and Development of

Nereis japonica n. sp.
BY

Akira Izuka.

Assistant Professor of Zoölogy, Imperial University, Tokyo.

The Lycorid Annelid dealt with in this paper comes very close to
Nereis diversicolor O. F. Müll., as compared with the descriptions and
drawings of the latter given by several authors (Malmgren, Ehlers and
Schröder, &c.) and also with the alcoholic specimens* from St. Andrews
(Scotland) and from Foxfield in the Dudden estuary (England). However
there exist some differences between the two forms, mainly in the arrange-
ment of paragnathi. Thus in the Japanese specimens the paragnathi in
the VII. and VIII. division of the proboscis are arranged in one continuous
row, while in N. diversicolor they are arranged in three or four irregular
rows (text-figure 1, A and B.); and moreover the falcate bristles of the
former are of a greater magnitude than those of the latter (text-figure 1, C
and D.)

The eyes of the former are provided with a distinct lens in each,
while there is no lens to be found in those of the latter. The breeding
habit of the Japanese worm also differs from that of N. diversicolor. 1 am
thus led to consider the former to represent a new species, which shall be
named

Nereis japonica n. sp.

* I beg here to express my thanks to both Professor M’Intosh and Mr. C, Crossland

for their kindness in sending me the specimens referred to Vereis diversicolor Müll.

296 A. IZUKA.

Text-figure 1. The worms collected by
Koebl in the Gulf of Miya
and identified with N.
diversicolor by Marenzel-
A D ler,* are in all probability

ofthe same species as the

bray >
(al AR SI UN YING

worm in question, since

CZ
(472

this so closely resembles
N. diversicolor that the

two might easily be com-

777

founded, whereas indubit-

able NV. diversicolor has

never yet been met with

by me anywhere in Japan.

N. japonica occurs very

abundantly in Kojima Gulf

A. and B.—the arrangement of paragnathi in the VII, (a part of the Inland sea
and VIII, division of proboscis; A, Veyers japonica, 5

BD ee in Okayama Prefecture)

C. and D,—Falcate bristles from the lower rami of para- and in the rivers emptying

di in th iddl i : 5 È 6
podium in the middle region of body; C, from into it, and is locally

Nereis japonica; D, from N. diversicolor. 390/t.
known under the name of

“ Umi-biiru.”” The worm in the mature phase is collected in masses and
is very extensively used as manure. It occurs also in the Sumida River
and in the adjoining parts of the Gulf of Tokyo where it is known by the
local name of “ Gokai”’ and is used as bait by anglers through almost all
seasons of the year. The species has also been collected by myself and
by others in a number of other localities in Japan; thus, in Toba in the
Province of Shima ; in the Gulf of Miya in Owari ; in Shimizu Harbour in
Suruga ; in Ito in Izu (collected by Mr. A. Fukuchi); in Kanazawa in

Musashi ; in Yokohama ; in Matsushima; in Samé Harbour on the east

coast of Northern Japan; Lake Busset in Saghalin (collected by

* Marenzeller :—Siidjapanische Anneliden I, 1879. P, 14.

NEREIS JAPONICA. 207

Prof. Ijima), &c.

All the material taken from the above mentioned localities, except
those from Kojima Gulf, were sexually immature. It is a remarkable fact
that in the Sumida River I have not succeeded as yet to obtain a single
adult worm of the species, although I had often searched for them. In
that river the worm seems to swarm generally once a year in an immature
state of development. But in Kojima Gulf it is very easy to get the
mature worm in great quantity during the month of December, and also
to observe their breeding swarms, and consequently to follow their early
development from the egg by artificial fertilization.

With regard to N. diversicolor, a species which occurs commonly in
European waters M’Intosh* says that the breeding season extends from
November till May and that he observed no indication of swarming
during those months, The same author further states that he obtained
numerous postlarval stages of the species in or near the mouths of the
burrows in which the annelid lives.

With these remarks I proceed to record my observations in the
following order :—1) on the immature and mature worms, 2) on the fer-
tilization of the eggs and their development, and 3) on the breeding

swarms.

I. Observations on the immature and

the mature worms.

Immature worms.—The immature worms occur in great abundance
between the tide marks along the head of Kojima Gulf and also in the
mouths of rivers emptying into it.

The greater part of the gulf is exposed at spring tides, the water then
becoming confined to narrow channels leading from the rivers, as shown

in the accompanying map of the locality (text-figure 4).

* M’Intosh :—On the Reproduction of Wereis diversicolor. (Ann. and Mag. Nat, Hist. 9
series, Vol. 20, No. 117. p. 176, Sept. 1907).

298 A. IZUKA.

At ebb-tide, the worms are found burrowing in the mud or sand to a
depth of a foot or more. In the burrows they move about sluggishly at
the most. The entrance into the burrow is usually indicated by a small
round hole on the bottom surface. With the flood tide, irrespective of
the hour of day, they leave their retirement and creep about on the
bottom. They are then very active and voracious, feeding on various
aquatic animals and plants. When disturbed they take to swimming.
This they do actively, progressing head foremost, by a wave-like move-
ment of the body, which movement starts at the tail and proceeds towards
the head.

Scince we have to do with immature growing worms, it is but natural
that the dimensions are exceedingly variable; but it may in general be
said that they show a length of 60-100 mm. and a breadth of 5-6 mm.
The number of segments varies of course according to the size of
individuals ; in a large one there may be as many as 120 segments.

When alive the body is translucents and generally of a pinkish yellow
colour. The gut and blood vessels show themselves plainly through
the body wall. The colour of body differs much in shade according to
whether the gut is full or empty. The two brown bands exist on the
anterior segments but are not at all so conspicuous as in European
specimens of Nereis diversicolor. In the specimens preserved in alcohol,
the colouring matter has dissolved away, leaving only a light brown hue
on the anterior dorsal surface of the body,

Mature iwvorms—In this annelid there is no marked structural
difference between the immature and the mature, or terminal pelagic stage
except in colour and dimensions. The colour changes with the develop-
ment of sexual products ; it again differs according to whether these are
eggs or spermatozoa. The sexual products which fills up not only the
body cavity proper, but also its extension into the parapodium greatly
distend the body wall; so that fully mature worms generally attain a
length of 110-120 mm. and a breadth of 7-8 mm. The number of seg-
ments does not exceed 120. There is no indication of any change in the

structure of parapodia, in the setae and the eyes. Nor does the posterior

NEREIS JAPONICA. 299

region of body undergo shrivelling, as it does in Ceratocephale oswai.*
There can be no doubt, that the persistent condition of parapodia and setae
enables the mature worm to swim swiftly through water as in the
immature stage.

The swimming worms may be easily captured either with the tow-
net or hand-net. The native fishermen who capture them in quantities for
manure, employ “ pyramidal net,” a kind of large bag-net commonly used
in Kojima Gulf for the capture of Mysis, Paeneus, crabs or Salanı and
other small fishes. The net, as set in frame, is of a pyramidal form, with
the mouth at the restangular base of about 2 by 5 /wro; the edges of the
pyramid measure about 9 /zvo in length. This net, when set into use, is
fastened to two strong poles planted upright in the bottom, the two
shorter sides of the mouth being held vertically and the longer sides
horizontally. Thus the net is stretched so as to receive the swarm of the
worms coming down along with the ebbing water.

The mature worm, after being captured, can be easily kept alive for
a week or more in shallow wooden vessels placed at a shaded place and
containing a small quantity of the water, taken during high tide, just
enough to cover the worms. The water must be changed at least once a
day, taking care to remove all the injured worms as soon as possible,
without which precaution the water will soon become so filled with
discharged sexual products as to be detrimental to the health of the
worms. Too much water, as also too much light, induces the worms to
motion and thus increases the chance of their receiving injuries to
the body.

The sexes are easily distinguishable from the colour of the worms.
The females are of a deep green on the dorsal and of a greenish yellow
on the ventral side. The males are light greenish yellow dorsally and
pinkish white ventrally, blending into a deep pink. at the bases of

parapodia.

* Izuka, A.—Observations on the Japanese Palolo, Cevatocephale osawai. Jour. Coll. Sci.
Vol. XVII, Art, 11. 1903.

300 A. IZUKA.

Sexual Products —Ihe eggs or the spermatozoa are discharged,
while the mature worms are actively swimming near the surface of water.

The eggs sink down gradually to the bottom. They are each sur-
rounded by a thick and transparent gelatinous envelope, so that when
found in masses, they are separated from one another by a considerable
space. They are spherical in shape, with a diameter of 140-160 4. In
colour they vary from greenish yellow to deep green.

The spermatozoa are found adhering in large numbers to the gel-
atinous envelope of the ovum. Each spermatozoon consists of an
ellipsoidal head and of a long filiform tail. The former is 3.2 y. long and
1.8 a. broad. The latter measures 35-40 y. in length ; it gradually tapers

toward the hind end.

2. On the Fertilization of the Eggs and

their Development.

Artificial fertilization by bringing together the eggs and spermatozoa
taken from mature worms can easily be effected, provided with precaution
be taken to keep the water at a constant temperature (about 15°c) and its
salinity the same as at high tide in Kojima Gulf.

About ninety minutes after fertilization, the first polar body is ex-
truded ; the second follows about thirty minutes later.

The cleavage of the egg is total and unequal. The first cleavage
takes place about three hours after fertilization (text-figure 2, A.); the
second is accomplished about fourty minutes later (text-figure 2, B); the
third is completed (text-figure 2, C) about five hours and a half after
fertilization. The cleavage process agrees in generai with that described
by E. B. Wilson* for Nereis limbata ; only it seems to proceeds much
more slowly.

Ciliated embryos first appear about 40 hours after fertilization ; 4 or 5
hours after that the embryos are seen swimming about very actively in the

vessel containing them. They then show a marked positive heliotactic

* Wilson, E. B.—-The Cell-liniage of Vereis. Jour. of Morphology Vol. VI. 1892,

NEREIS JAPONICA. 301

nature, so that the water in the vessel may now be easily changed by

means of a siphon.

Text-figure 2.

A B C

Early stages of segmentation.
A.—Completed two-celled stage seen from the lower pole. 140/1.
B.— View from the upper pole after completed second cleavage. 140/1.
C.—View from the upper pole after completed third cleavage. 140/1.

Polar bodies are not indicated. All the Nue)
We drown from the living egg.

About 90 hours after fertilization the setae begin to appear.

One of the embryos of about 9 days age is represented in the text-
figure (3) ; it is provided with four pairs of setigerous parapodia, a pair of
tentacles, a pair of tentacular cirri and a pair of short anal cirri. The two
pairs of the “anlagen” of the eyes are distinctly seen on the postero-
lateral parts of the head ; a pair of jaws, each with three teeth, may also
be seen already in this stage of development.

The embryos, at about this stage of development, begin to sink down
gradually through the water, in which they have been reared ; and about
two days later, most of the embryos have sunk down to the bottom to

enter into the sedentary life.

3. Observation on the Swarming.

With respect to the swarming habit of the mature worm, it has long
been known from the experience of fishermen in the localily that the

swarming occurs during the month of December, usually in one period

302 A, IZUKA.

Text-figure 3.

MIT The embroy of 9 days
old, with 4 setigerous
segments. z40/I. Nat.
Size.

7 Ju ER N
N)

N al Kun

lasting a few days ; that the period begins on the night just before the day
ofthe new or the full moon in the middle or the latter part of the month
mentioned ; that it invariably takes place in the mid night just after the
flood-tide ; and further that very rarely it occurs in two periods, close to
the consecutive new and full moons.

After making observations for myself, I am convinced of the general
accuracy of the fishermen’s predictions as to the time when the swarming
should take place.

The first swarming of the year 1906 occurred on the night of Dec-
ember 15th. On that day the worms that swarmed out were observed to
be very few, but on the following day (the day of the new moon) the
swarm proved to be one of the largest of that year.

For an illustration I may describe the swarming of that day, z.e. the
16th December, 1906. Before proceeding further, it would be well to
give some notes about the place in which the swarming occurs. As
Kojima Gulf (text-figure 4) stands in connection with the open Inland Sea,

by a narrow channel, the hours of the flood and ebb tide differ very much

NEREIS JAPONICA. 303

from those on the open sea coast of the same longitude in the south of
Shikoku ; thus in Kojima Gulf, the flood occurred at 11.40 p'm. on Dec-
ember 16th, 1906, while it should have taken place in the outer sea at
about 6.30 p.m. ; and in Tokyo at 4.43 p.m. on the same day.

The fishing for the worms are done at six stations, the positions of
which are denoted by numerals in the annexed map (text-figure 4) and

which, according to long experiences of the fishermen, should be the most

Text-figure 4

HACHIHAMA

ohi Rwer

The Map of Kojima Gulf.

1-6 denote the stations where the poles for the “ pyramidal nets” are planted. The marks
x denote the area inhabited by the doma, The dotted lines indicate the boundaries of the
mud flat exposed at the spring-tides,
advantageous for the work and so remain fixed from year to year. A
number of the fishing boats assemble at each station and sets the
“ pyramidal nets” at work. Station No. 1, as being the nearest to
Hachihama where I have stayed, was the one whither I repaired, in good
time to see the beginning of the swarming, The fishing boat I was in

was manned by three men and was provided with a lantern, a ‘ pyramidal

304 A. IZUKA.

net,” two hand-nets and such other utensils as might be required for observ-
ing, capturing and preserving the worms. About eleven in the night, the.
place was reached. More than half an hour was spent in the task of
preparing for the worm-fishing. Three more boats assembled at the
station, thus making a party of four boats each with a lighted lantern and
a “ pyramidal net” planted on the bottom. The four nets were so set
that their mouths lay almost in a streight line. About a quarter past
twelve (0.15 a.m. 17th, Dec.) J have observed the first swimming worms.
About fifteen minutes later, the worms had become so numerous that I
could scoop up a number at a time with the hand. The swarm was
thickest after about three quarters of an hour from the beginning. All the
worms swam about rapidly, somewhat after the manner of eels, darting in
all directions. It then almost appeared that the worms in a sheet had
covered up the surface of the water. I ascertained that the swarm
reached to a depth of five or six feet from the surface. About an hour
and a half from the beginning, the worms began to gradually disappear,
and after about half an hour (at 2.15 a.m. Dec. 17., about two hours after
the beginning of the swarming), there was no longer a single worm found
swimming. The work was now over, but the boats stuck to the bottom
on account of the low-water and had to await the return of flood in order
to be able to move off. At about nine o’clock in the morning of the 17th,
all the boats were at home again. Some of them had alone captured over
160 tabfuls* of the worms. The entire catch on that night at the six
stations, was estimated at no less than 2,620 tabfuls.

The above account, except so far as concerns the hours of day, may
in general be considered to hold good for all the occasions when the
swarming takes place in large numbers. It seems certain that a large part
of the swarms is carried off into the sea by the ebbing tide.

The results of my observations on the swarming in the year 1906

may be tabulated as follows :

* A tabful equals in volume to about 17 liters.

NEREIS JAPONICA,

Date and phase Time of flood at Hour and duration Swarming

of moon. night. of swarming. worms.
Dec. 15th. 10.0 p.m. About 11.30 p.m. very few

» 16th, New Moon. 11.40 p.m. x *

„ 7th. * 0.10-2.0 a.m. Abundant.

yy LOEN 0.20 a.m, 1.0-3.0 a.m. Abundant.

» Toth. I.o a.m, about 3.0 a.m. Few.

ne Zoth: 1.45 a.m. — None.

In the next following year (1997), Mr. Iwaki of Hachihama kindly
undertook to make the observations at my request. For that I beg here
to express my thanks to him. He could make observations only in the
night of Dec. 2oth (the day of full moon). In that night the flood was at
11.30 p.m. ; and the swarm was thickest at about 1.0 a.m. of the 21st. The
night’s catch by four boats at station No. r amounted to only So tabfuls ;
and the total catch at the six stations by sixteen boats, to 277 tabfuls.
Adverse circumstances of weather prevented Mr. Iwaki from making
further observations on other days in the swarming season.

In conclusion I beg to offer my thanks to Prof. Ijima for the aid

rendered me in the preparation of this paper.

February 18th, 1908.

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ANNOTATIONES

Benson >

Mob. VI Part V.

| PUBLISHED
| BY
The Tokyo Zoological Society,

A December, 1908. .

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: “A Hand-List of the Birds of Japan.

By M. Ocawa

New and unrecorded species of Rhopalocera from
Formosa.

BY

A. E. Wileman,

Fellow of the Entomological Society of London ; His Britannic Majesty’s Consul at
Tainan, South Formosa.

Various papers have, of late years, been published in Japan by
Japanese authors concerning the Lepidoptera Rhopalocera and Hete-
rocera of Japan and Formosa, chiefly by Professors Matsumura and
Miyake whose catalogues include the latest additions to the Formosan
fauna hitherto unrecorded by European authors. These papers are as

follows :
By Professor Miyake.

“A Catalogue of the Butterflies of Formosa,’ published in the
“ Tokyo Zoological Magazine” (“ Tokyo Dobutsu Gaku Zasshi”), May,
1905.

“A Review of Formosan Butterflies,” published in the “Tokyo Zoolo-
gical Magazine,” Volume 18, 1906, March, (No. 209), p.p. 75-89 ; April,
(No. 210), p.p. 113-125; May, (No. 211), p.p. 141-151, with four plates
of Formosan Rhopalocera.

“A List of a Collection of Lepidoptera from Formosa,” published
in “ Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses,” Volume VI, part 2, p.p. 53-82,

1907. This includes Formosan Heterocera as well as Rhopalocera.

By Professor Matsumura.

“ Catalogus Insectorum Japonicorum,” Volume I, June, 1905, with
supplement published later. This is a catalogue of the Lepidoptera

Rhopalocera and Heterocera occurring in the Empire of Japan, including

308 A. E. WILEMAN.

the Japanese Islands (Hondo, Shikoku, Kyushù, Yezo), the Loochoo Islands
(Ryukyu), the Bonin Islands (Ogasawara Jima) and Formosa (Taiwan).

“ Neue Rhopaloceren Japans,” published in the “ Annotationes
Zoologicae Japonenses,” Volume VI, part I, p.p. 7-15, 1906, with one
plate of new Japanese and Formosan species and also giving a list of thirty-
five species of Rhopalocera from Formosa, some of which were unrecorded
in Professor Miyake’s catalogue of May, 1905. The catalogues of
Lepidoptera published by Professors Matsumura and Miyake incorporate
species of Rhopalocera recorded from Formosa by Wallace and Moore,
Butler, Rothschild and other authors and may therefore be regarded as
the latest and most reliable basis for compiling a catalogue of Formosan

Rhopalocera.
Professor Miyake in his Catalogue of May, 1905, enumerates one

hundred and thirty-six species of Rhopalocera as occurring in Formosa
and Professor Matsumura, later on in his paper “Neue Rhopaloceren
Japans,” adds to these the twelve following species which were not
recorded by Professor Miyake. Professor Miyake, in his paper “A List
of a Collection of Lepidoptera from Formosa,” records the five following
additional species, making a total of one hundred and fifty-three species
recorded up to 1907.

Recorded by Professor Matsumura :

I. Papilio antiphus, Fab.

2. Papilio antiphates, Cramer.

3. Gonepteryx philea, Cramer.

4. Symbrenthia hippoclus, Cramer.

5. Neptis vermona, Moore.

6. Neptis duryodana, Moore.

7, Euploca midamus, Linn.

8. Mycalesis mamerta, Cramer.

9. Mycalesis blasius, Fab.
10. Satyrus nagasawae, Matsumura.
II. Pararge niitakana, Matsumura.

12. Melanitis sujudana, Moore.

RHOPALOCERA FROM FORMOSA. 309

Recorded by Professor Miyake:

I. Colias hyale, Linn.
2. Neptis cartica, var. (?), Moore.
3. Ypthima conjuncta (?), Leech.
4. Parnara narooa, var. (?), Moore.
5. Telicota bamusae (?), Moore.

The material for this paper

consists of a collection of Formosan Rhopalocera which has been
made by my collectors and myself during the years 1904 to 1908 in
various parts of Formosa, chiefly at Kanshirei (Chinese Name, Koannania),
in Ensuikö Cho; at Takow and Tainan; in the neighbourhood of the
mountainous district of Arizan, and at Garambi and Koshun in the ex-
treme south of Formosa. During this period one hundred and fifty-six
species were captured of which forty still remain unidentified so that it is
not improbable that some new or unrecorded species remain to be
chronicled amongst them. In this collection there seem to be, as far as
can be at present ascertained, seven species new to science of which
detailed descriptions have been given and also twenty species hitherto
unrecorded by Professors Matsumura and Miyake but which have already
been named by various authors, thus adding twenty-seven species to the
Formosan fauna. Five species, although already recorded, have been
included in this paper for the purpose of making special observations.

The following is a list of the new and unrecorded species :

New species.
I. Neope sagittata.
Sephisa rex.

Apatura una.

Bon

. Phengaris atroguttata, Leech.
var, daitösana, var. nov.

5. Zephyrus taiwanus.

6. Tajuria inari.

Tajuria moltrechti.

310

ud WON

A. E. WILEMAN,

Unrecorded species.
Tirumala limniacae,
Anosia archippus,
Lethe gemina,

Lethe christophi,
Lethe baucis,

var. Procris,
Zophoessa dura,

var. moupinensis,
Athyma asura,
Rhinopalpa sabina,
Lehera erya,
Rapala varuna,
Delias aglaia,
Prioneris thestylis,
Pieris paulina (?),
Pieris nerissa,
Ixias pyrene,

var. evippe,
Papilio machaon,

var. asiaticus,
Suastus gremius,
Celaenorrhinus sumitra,
Celaenorrhinus davidi,

Ismene ataphus,

Cramer,
Fab.
Leech.
Leech.
Leech.
Leech.
Marshall.
Poujade.
Moore,
Cramer.
Linn.
Horsf.
Linn.
Doubleday.
Cramer.
Fab.
Linn.
Drury.
Linn.
Men.
Fab.
Moore.
Mabille.
Watson.

Inserted for special observations.

Pareba vesta,
Grapta c-aureum,
Precis almana,
Catopsilia pyranthe,

Papilio memnon,

Fab.

Linn.
Linn.
Linn.

Linn.

In identifying these unrecorded species I have unfortunately not been

able to refer to type specimens, or to specimens identified from types,

RAOPALOCERA FROM FORMOSA. 3II

but have derived great assistance from the excellent figures given by Leech
in his work on “Butterflies from China, Japan and Corea,” and by Kershaw
in his work on the “ Butterflies of Hongkong” and have in each case of an
unrecorded species given my authority for the identification of that species
under its particular name.

In February, March and April of this year Dr. Moltrecht, of Vladi-
vostock, made an entomological excursion through Formosa, visiting the
districts in the neighbourhood of Koshun and the south, Lake Suisha
(Candidius), Rantaizan, and the Arizan district during which period he
captured a number of species unknown to me and which will on examina-
tion, be probably found to be new to the fauna of Formosa. The
arrangement of families and sub-families in this paper is based on that
adopted by Leech in his “ Butterflies from China, Japan and Corea”

RHOPALOCERA.
Family Nymphalidae.

Sub-family Danainae.

1. Danais (Tirumala) limniacae, Cramer.

Danais (Tirumala) limniacae, Kershaw, Butt. Hongkong,

DI. 1,f.3 8,3@ 2,P. 8, (1907).

Collection number 2. One male specimen, Tainan, July.

Kershaw remarks that “Trrumala septentrionis, Butler, is apt to be
confused with 7. Zörmniacae, though sepzentrionis is usually larger and the
bluish markings much deeper in tint. The spots and markings in
septentrionis are smaller and narrower, giving a larger expanse of black,
but they are identical in number and approximately in the same position as
in 7. Zimmiacae.’ This species is not mentioned by either Matsumura or
Miyake in their lists of Formosan Rhopalocera. The figure given by
Miyake in the Tokyo Zoological Magazine as female Danais sep-
tentionolis, Butler, (Vol. XVIII, March, 1906, plate II, fig. 10, p. 82),
(=? D. septentrionis, Butler), agrees exactly with the figure given by
Kershaw as that of female /ömmzacae. My specimen is identified from
Kershaw’s figure. Leech includes Danais limmiacae, Butler, (nec
Cramer), as a synonym of D, septentrionis, Butler.

Distribution. India; Ceylon; Malay Peninsula; Western China ;
Hongkong ; Formosa.

This. species is very common at Kanshirei in April and May. Scarce
at Tainan.

2. Anosia (Danais) archippus, Fabricius.

Danais (Anosia) archippus, Kershaw, Butt. Hongkong,

DI. I,f.7 8,2. 9; (1907).

Collection number 4. One male and one female specimen, Tainan,

May.

RHOPALOCERA FROM FORMOSA. 313

These two specimens were bred from larvae found in May. This
species seems to be confined to the south of Formosa ; also taken by my
collector at Takow, Kanshirei and Kagi ; common at Kanshirei.

Identified from Kershaw’s figure.

Distribution. North America ; Hongkong ; Formosa.

Sub-Family Satyrinae.

3. Lethe gemina, Leech.
Lethe gemina, Leech, Entomologist, xxiv, Suppl. p. 24, (1891);
Butt. China, Japan, Corea, pl, xii, f. 8 d', p. 39, (1892-93); Seitz,
Gross-schm. der Erde, Part 17, 1, Lethe, Pl. xxxi. f. b. c. (1907).
Collection number 124. One male specimen; Jujimichi, 5025 feet ;

September.
This specimen agrees well with Leech’s and Seitz’s figures.
Distribution. Western China (Moupin, Omei-shan) ; Formosa.
4. Lethe christophi, Leech.
Lethe christophi, Leech, Entomologist, xxiv, Suppl. p. 67,
(Sept. 1891); Butt. China, Japan, Corea, fl, v, f.5 &, 6 2, p. 30,
(7892-93).
Collection number 122. Two male specimens; Arizan, September,
7500 feet ; Tozan, 8500 feet, September.

These specimens agree well with Leech’s figure.
Distribution. China (Moupin, Omei-shan, Chang-yang) ; Formosa.
Allied to Lethe bhairava, Moore.

9. Lethe baucis, Leech.

var. procris. Leech.

Lethe baucis, Leech, Entomologist, xxiv, Suppl. p. 3, (1891);
Butt. China, Japan, Corea, pl. 10, f. 5 8,6 8, p. 22, (1892-93).
Lethe baucıs, var. procris, Leech, Butt. China, Japan, Corca, pl. iv,
f.7 d'; 2. 22, (1892-93).

Collection number 128. Three male and one female specimens ;

314 A. E. WILEMAN.

Arizan, 7500 feet; Daitözan, 8,500 feet; September; also taken by Dr.
Moltrecht in April at Arizan.

All these specimens agree very closely with variety Zrocris, Leech.
They differ as follows:—basal dark line of underside of ‘hindwings slightly
more oblique than in Leech’s figure of Zrocris and it ceases after meeting
submedian nervule ; space between basal and central dark lines more
uniform in width than in Procris ; the central dark line is not so much
incurved in the centre and is also straighter at costa; ocelli of hindwing
smaller, especially the first and fifth.

Expanse. € 54-60 millim; 2 54 millim. This is about the same
expanse as Leech’s figure of male pvocrzs which expands 60 millim.

Distribution. Western China; Central China (Chang-yang); Formosa.

6. Zophoessa dura, Marshall.

var. moupinensis, Poujade.

Zophoessa dura, Marshall, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. ti. p. 38, pl. tv,

f.2 &, (1882); Elwes, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1888, p. 319, pl. ix,

VE:

Debis moupinensis (=libitina, Leech), Poujade, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr.

1884, p. 140.

Zophoessa libitina, Leech, Entomologist, xxiv, Suppl. p. 2, (1891).

Zophoessa dura, var. moupinensis, Leech, Butt. China, Japan, Corea,

pl. vii, f. 5 3,6 2, p. 47, (1892-93).

Collection number 123. One male specimen ; Tozan (Arizan), 8,500
feet, September ; also taken by Dr. Moltrecht at Arizan in April, 1908.

This specimen agrees well with Leech’s figure except that the outer
margin of upper side of hindwing is paler than in the figure giving the
appearance of a pale outer marginal band.

Distribution. Western China; Central China (Chang-yang); Formosa.
7. Neope sagittata, sp. nov.

Collection Number 121. One male and one female. Jüjimichi,
Arizan, 6,500 feet; Tozan, 8,500 feet; September; also taken by Dr.
Moltrecht at Arizan in April.

RHOPALOCERA FROM FORMOSA, 315

Upperside-Forewing. This agrees very closely with NVeope armandiz,
Oberthür, var. fusca, Leech, (Leech, Butt. China, Japan, Corea, pl. viii, f. 5
J, 6 2, p. 50) as regards markings, the chief difference being that the
ochreous yellow markings of fusca are cream coloured in sagittata and
that a pale square patch closes the cell. Moreover the forewing is very
much narrower and more curved at © uter margin, also darker with a bronze
green tint in certain lights on ‘median and basal area; apex and outer
marginal area darker.

Upperside-Hindwing. This is quite different to that of fusca and
seems to resemble more the description of Neope khasiana, Moore,
given by Leech as a synonym of armandii, Oberthür, (Leech, lc. p. 50),
the hindwing of which is ochreous-yellow. The apical extremity of
outer margin is rather more produced than in /wsca and the wing is
cream coloured instead of brown as in fusca. Costal and outer margins
as far as apical extremity broadly black brown, tapering off at apical
extremity. A discal series of six ocelli with grey pupil, cream coloured
iris and ringed exteriorly with grey, the two anal ocelli the largest,
the two central ocelli the smallest and most indistinct ; the dark pattern of
basal area of underside is plainly reproduced on the upper side and is
clothed with long, silky, fuscous hairs; a bold, dark, sagittate mark outside
apex of cell sharply emphasises the reproduction of the basal pattern of
underside on the upperside.

Underside-Forewing. Closely resembles var. fusca, the ochreous-
yellow markings being replaced by cream colour ; ocelli same as in fusca ;

the shape of the three streaks crossing cell not so zigzag as in fusca.

Underside-Hindwing. Dark markings of basal pattern are very
similar to fusca with a regular, transverse, white fascia parallel to costa
dividing the pattern into two and crossing centre of cell; ocelli similar to
but somewhat smaller than those of fusca ; interspaces on inner side of
ocelli cream coloured and ochreous brown exteriorly.

Female. Differs in having the cream coloured spots of upperside of
forewing larger and more distinct,

Expanse. Male 82 millim; Female 84 millim.

316 A. E. WILEMAN.

Fusca, Leech, expanse. Male gı millim ; female 82 millim.

Khasiana, Moore, expanse. Male 34 inches=83 millimetres.

Sub-family Acraeinae.

8. Pareba vesta, Fabricius.

Papilio vesta, Fabricius, Mant. Ins. ti. p. 14, (1787); Donovan, Ins.

China, pl. xxx, fig. I, (1799).

Acraca vesta, Horsfield, Cat. Lep. E. I. C. pl. iti, fig. 21, (larva),

(1829).

Pareba vesta, Marshall and de Nicéville, Butt. Ind. i, p. 318,

(1882); Leech, Butt. China, Japan, Corea, t, p. 114, (1892-93);

Miyake, Tokyo Zool. Mag. Vol. XVIII, No. 210, pl. di, fig. 13 2,

2. 117,(1906) ; Matsumura, Cat. Ins. Jap. Suppl. p. 3, No. 91 b,

(7905).

This species has already been recorded from Formosa by Miyake and
Matsumura and I only insert it in this paper for the purpose of describing
the larva.—Description of larva. Length about 22 millimetres. Head och-
reous with a black /\ mark; a medio-dorsal chocolate uninterrupted stripe
from segment ı to 12; a sub-dorsal stripe, cream coloured, from segment
I to 12; three squarish cream coloured spots between each spine; a
medio-dorsal chocolate stripe ; a supra-spiracular cream stripe ; a spiracular
chocolate stripe; a sub-spiracular cream coloured stripe; a ventral chocolate
stripe; abdomen cream coloured; legs black; claspers ochreous ;
chocolate stripes dilated between segments ; six rows of spines, ochreous
bases and stems, black tipped and furnished with black spinelets ; no
spines on head.

Pupa. Black and orange spots, suspended by tail from silken pad.

The larvae were taken by me on April 7, 1908, feeding on hemp
(Chinese name, Té-a). The imago appears at Kanshirei in April. The

larva was also taken by my collector at Kagi on September 4 The larva

RHOPALOCERA FROM FORMOSA. 317

is gregarious and the imago local, but plentiful where it occurs. Collection
number 131. Two male and three female specimens. Banshöryö ;
Kuania Toge ; Kodenshö ; September ; Kanshirei, April and September.

Distribution. China ; India ; Formosa.

Sub-family Nymphalinae.

9. Sephisa rex, sp. nov.

Two specimens of this species, male and female, were taken by Mr.
Kikuchi at Lake Suisha in November, 1907, and were purchased from
him by Dr. Moltrecht and are now in Dr. Moltrecht’s collection. The
male somewhat resembles, in colour and in the pattern of the hindwings,

*the male of Sephisa princeps, Fixsen, (Rom. sur Lép. iii, p. 289, pl. xiii,
figs. 7 a, b, 1887,) but is very dissimilar as regards pattern of forewings,
Apatura cauta, Leech, (Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond, p. 417, pl. xxxv, fig. 2, J,)
is considered by Leech to be a synonym of S. princeps, Fixsen, (Butt. '

China, Japan, Corea, p 151, 1892-93,). The female of S. rex is also very

different in pattern and colour to the female of S. princeps figured by

Leech (lc. pl. xiv, fig. 5 2, 6.2 var). These two specimens of S. rex.

may possibly be referable to either Sefhisa dichroa, Kollar, or to S.

chandra, Moore, both Himalayan species, which Leech mentions as being
allied to S. princeps, but I am unable to refer to the works in which these
two species are described and therefore cannot make any comparison.

Male. Palpi white beneath, black above and at tips ; a straight white
streak beneath palpi; base of thorax, ventral and lateral area of abdomen
spotted with white; femora of forelegs edged with white externally ;
antennae black. Ground colour of all wings black sprinkled with a few
minute purple scales ; basal black area of forewing bounded by an oblique
band of four, large, fulvous spots incurved at the third spot towards inner
margin ; first spot near centre of cell, straight inner edge, indented outer
edge ; a discal, oblique series of five, large, white spots ; first three rather

close together with apices pointing outwards, first at end of and above

318 A. E. WILEMAN.

apex of cell ; fourth, largest, below and beyond apex of cell ; fifth, quadrate
below second median nervule; a triangular, subapical series of three,
smaller, white spots, apex of triangle pointing externally; a submarginal
series of white spots, duplicated, beneath first median nervule.

Upperside-Hindwing. Anal fold greyish white; a greyish basal
patch ; a subbasal, black, longitudinal patch ; a large, oval, black spot near
centre of cell; very similar to the hindwing of S. frinceps as regards basal
fulvous pattern but there are no fulvous spots on the black discal band
enclosed by the submarginal series of seven fulvous spots and the much
indented outer edge of the fulvous pattern of basal area; two faint blue
spots near anal angle and in the first and second median interspaces near
outer margin.

Underside-Forewing. Costal nervure edged with bluish white; a
white spot on median nervure at base; markings of the upper side re-,
produced with the addition of a triangular white spot at base of cell; two
square blue spots above subcostal nervure and first discoidal nervule; a
bluish spot near juncture of third median nervule and median nervure ;

submarginal spots blue, paler near apex.

Underside-Hindwing. Two white spots at base, two on costal
margin above costal nervure ; two bluish white spots above fourth sub-
costal nervule ; abdominal fold fulvous, broadly divided by black internal
nervure; contour of fulvous pattern of basal area same as on upper side but
basal and abdominal areas more broadly black internally ; black celi spot
large ; a large, bluish white spot in third median interspace towards outer
margin; discal band of fulvous spots of upper side reproduced; a sub-
marginal series of eight blue lunules ; black veins of all wings strongly
marked ; fringes white in interspaces between veins.

Female. Ground colour black; greenish black tinge at apex of
forewings ; body and thorax below as in male.

Upperside-Forewing. Some blue scales at base of cell and along costal
nervure at base ; a large, oblong, transverse fulvous bar in centre of cell,
concave externally, indented in centre internally ; blue scales at apex of

cell forming a horizontal streak and some above; two blue spots below

RHOPALOCERA FROM FORMOSA. 319

in second and third median interspaces, forming with the streak at apex a
slightly excurved, interrupted band of three spots; two white spots,
obliquely placed, in the interspaces beneath subcostal nervure and first
discoidal nervule followed by two golden green spots in first and second
median interspaces, forming an oblique, interrupted band incurved at costa;
a triangular, subapical series of white spots as in male ; a double series of
lunules preceding the outer margin, the inner one commencing near apex
on costal margin, oblique near apex, not reaching inner margin ; the outer
one commencing below apex in subcostal interspace and reaching inner
angle ; the three lowest spots of both these bands are of a golden green
tint ; those near apex pale in colour ; a few blue specks scattered over all
wings.

Upperside-Hindwing. Basal area sprinkled with blue scales; a
median, curved series of six, metallic blue, sagittate bars commencing near
costa in a pale streak and ending in third median interspace; the first,
second, fourth, fifth and sixth with apices pointing internally ; the third
pointing externally and interrupted internally ; the second largest; the
fifth a long streak interrupted externally at second median interspace by a
yellowish white spot; the sixth along streak along submedian nervure,
conjoined at base in third median interspace with the seventh spot of the
discal curved band of eight golden green spots commencing on costal
margin ; a submarginal series of seven whitish blue lunules; the two
terminal spots of both discal and submarginal series coalescing near anal
angle in a sagittate spot.

Underside-Forewing. Same as upper side with the addition of a
bluish white spot at base of cell; two blue spots beneath the subcostal
nervure and the first discoidal nervule, forming, with four other blue spots
beneath, a transverse interrupted band of six spots ; all blue spots clearer
and better defined.

Underside-Hindwing. Basal, subbasal and costal white spots as in
male ; a large, rather triangular, fulvous spot in centre of cell; a white spot
at junction of discoidal nervule with second subcostal nervule; a white spot

at end of cell and two above in a vertical line beneath first and second

320 A. E. WILEMAN.

subcostal nervules ; a white spot near junction of second median nervule
and median nervure ; a long, golden greenish streak, from near base, on
submedian nervure; a similar shorter streak between internal and submedian
nervures ; a similar long streak, from near base, on abdominal fold to edge
of fold on abdominal margin; a curved median series of eight spots, all
white, except one large fulvous spot on centre of costal margin, ending
near internal nervure ; a curved series of nine spots commencing near outer
angle ending at apex of internal nervure; the second, third, fourth and
fifth spots are fulvous, the rest bluish white ; a submarginal series of eight
white lunules ending at anal angle ; fringes white at interspaces between
veins of all wings.

Expanse. Male 83 millimetres ; female 94 millimetres.

10. Apatura una, sp. nov.

Female, Olive bronze brown with black and pale fulvous markings.
This species is near Apatura pallas, Leech (Butt. China, Japan, Corea. pl.
xv, f. 5 d', p. 157).

Basal half crossed transversely by an olive, bronze brown fascia much
incurved and elbowed on its outer edge where it is bordered by a darker
line which expands into a large, black, quadrate patch extending above
and beyond apex of cell; outer edge of this fascia oblique from costa to
first median nervule, much incurved from junction of first and second
median nervules to third median nervule, excurved from third median
nervule to inner margin; outer half crossed transversely by a broad
fulvous fascia intersected in its centre transversely by a rusty brown band
broadest on the costa, much elbowed inwards between first and second
median nervules, dividing the fulvous fascia into two and having on
its outer edge two large black spots; the first quadrate, situated in the
third median interspace ; the second oval, in the second median interspace ;
a dusky spur from near apex, not quite parallel with outer margin, extending
as far as the third median nervule, encloses four out of the five submarginal
fulvous spots which are not well defined towards apex; apical area
blackish brown.

Upperside-Hindwing. Basal half olive bronze brown; a golden streak

RHOPALOCERA FROM FORMOSA. 321

on internal nervure; abdominal fold greyish; long, greyish green,
silky hairs on abdominal margin; in the centre of wing a transverse
fulvous fascia commencing below costa; the inner edge extends a little
beyond third median nervule where it tapers to a point and is brightly
fulvous, centre filled in with the olive brown ground colour, outer edge
extends a little beyond second median nervule and is more indistinct ; this
fascia encloses in the second median interspace a well defined ocellus with
fulvous iris ; a black band, broad towards costa and tapering to anal angle,
precedes a series of fulvous lunules ; followed by a black line; a fulvous
submarginal line and a black marginal line; fringes white between
nervules.

Underside-Forewing. Pale olive green like pa//as, Leech ; the mark-
ings are as on upper side but the fulvous gives place to white.

Underside-Hindwing. Basal half olive green bounded externally by
a transverse, slightly oblique, silvery white band, broadest on costal
margin and tapering to submedian nervule, not quite reaching anal angle ;
outer half of wing rather darker in tint with four, faint, silvery spots on the
disc and bounded externally near outer margin by a curved series of silvery
lunules from outer to anal angle; a well defined ocellus situated in the
second median interspace, black pupilled with a white centre and fulvous
iris, is situated in second median interspace near outer margin; a dark
olive green, curved line precedes a lighter submarginal line ; marginal line
thinly black.

Collection Number 32. One female specimen from Koshun, Sept-
ember.

Expanse 70 millimetres.

As Leech observes in the case of A. pallas, the markings of the under
side of hindwings bear a superficial resemblance to those of Argynnis
paphia.

11. Athyma asura, Moore.

Athyma asura, Moore ; Horsfield and Moore, Cat. Lep.

Mus. E. I. C.2,p. 171, pl. v a, f. 1, (1857); de Nicéville, Butt.

Ind. it, p. 168, (1886).

322 A. E. WILEMAN.

Athyma asura, var. elwesi, Leech, Butt. China, Japan, Corea, pl.

avuti, f. 7 8, p. 169, (1892-93).

Collection Number 140. One male specimen from Lake Suisha,
October ; 2,000 feet.

This specimen agrees well with the description given by Moore
which is quoted by Leech. The figure given by Leech is that of var.
elwesi, Leech.

Distribution. Central China (Chang-yang); Western China (Moupin,
Omei-shan, Wa-shan and Chow-pin-sa); India (Western Himalayas,
Assam, Cachar, Khasi Hills) ; Formosa,

12. Grapta c-aureum, Linnacus.

Papilio c-aurcum, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. xii, p. 778, (1767).

Papilio angelica, Cramer, Pap. Exot. iv, pl. 388, figs. 8, h, (1782).

Vanessa pryeri, Janson, Cist. Ent. it, p. 269, (1878).

Vanessa c-aureum, Pryer, Rhop. Nihon., pl. vi, f. 7 a (=typical

c-aureum), (summer form); f. 7 b,(=pryeri, autumn and winter

form).

Grapta c-aureum, Leech, Butt. China, Japan, Corea, pl. xxv, f.3 2,

(=c-aureum, Linn, typical), f. 4, var. &,(=prycri, Janson), p. 266,

(7892-93).

Collection number 22. One male specimen, Kanshirei; June;
typical c-aureum, Linn.

Miyake records this species under the synonym of V. angelica,
Cramer, as No. 61, p. 4, of his “ Catalogue of Butterflies of Formosa,”
May, 1905.

Distribution. Japan; Corea; China; Amurland ; Formosa.

13. Rhinopalpa sabina, Cramer.
vhinopalpa sabina, Kırshaw, Butt. Hongkong, pl. vi, f. 6 2, p. 42,

(7907).

Collection Number 23, 23 a. Two male and one female specimens,
Takow ; July and September.

This species differs very much on the underside. Identified from

Kershaw’s figure. Not common. Also observed at Kanshirei.

RHOPALOCERA FROM FORMOSA.

(OS)
(OS)

Distribution. Macao ; Formosa.
14. Precis (Junonia) almana, Linnacus.
Papilio almana, Linn, Syst. Nat, x, à, p. 472, (1758).
Papilio asterie, Linn, Syst. Nat. xii, p. 769, (1767).
Precis almana, Linn, (synonym, asterie, Linn.); Kershaw, Butt.
Hongkong, pl. vi, figs. 9 2 (=asterie), 10 2 (=almana), p. 43, 1907.
Collection Number, 25, 25a. Two male and one female specimens,
Tainan, Garambi.
Two alınana, Tainan, June and July.

‘One asterie, Garambi, October.

Recorded by Miyake in his catalogue of “ Butterflies of Formosa,”
(May 1905), under No. 36, p. 3, as asterie, synonym, almana. The name
of a/mana however has priority. Common in most localities situated in
the plains throughout the whole year, rarer in the mountains.

Distribution. India ; Ceylon; Andamans ; Nicobars ; Burmah; Siam ;

Malay Peninsula ; Java ; Borneo ; Philippines ; China ; Formosa.

Family Lycaenidae.

15. Phengaris atroguttata, Oberthür.
var. daitözana, var. nov.

Lycaena atroguttata, Oberthiir, Etudes d’ Ent. ii, Peel, flit, f. 4. a;

b. (1876).

Phengaris atroguttata, var. albida, Leech, Butt. China, Japan, Corea,

pl. xxviii, f. 5 8, p. 317, (1892-99).

Collection number 56. Two female specimens ; Daitozan, 8,500 feet ;
Jujimichi, 5,025 feet ; September.

In this female variety the apex of the forewing is much more broadly
black than in a/roguttata or albida, and although the four upper black spots
of the macular series of six spots on underside of forewing are faintly
reproduced on the upper side, they are very indistinct as they coalesce
with the broad apical border. The fifth spot of the series is distinctly
reproduced and stands out boldy, the sixth spot is also reproduced but is a

mere dot. The hindwing has a wide, blackish grey, outer marginal band

324 A, E. WILEMAN.

caused by the coalescing of the marginal and submarginal bands of spots of
underside reproduced on the upper side. The median macular band of
underside of hindwings is more regular and straighter than in a/bida.

Expanse, 49-58 millimetres.

Distribution. India (Naga Hills); Western China (Moupin, Chia-
ting-fu) ; Formosa.

16. Zephyrus taiwanus, sp. nov.

Collection Number 83. Two female specimens ; Jujimichi (Arizan),
5,025 feet ; September.

Female. This species is, as regards zpperside of forewing, very
similar to the figure of female 7/ccla japonica, Murray, figured by Pryer
in “ Rhopalocera Nihonica” (pl. iv, fig. 7 d ©, p. 14), which is referred to
by Leech as being a female variety of Zephyrus taxila, Bremer, (Leech,
Butt. China, Japan, Corea, p. 371, 1892-93). It differs from japonica in
the following respects. The ultramarine blue patch of scales on upper
side of forewing is much larger, extending from cell to inner margin and
a part of the upper median interspaces below cell is also filled up with
blue giving the patch a triangular shape. ‘There are also two small fulvous
spots (one only in Japonica), one at the end of cell, followed by another
beyond in the first median interspace; tails long and slender;
towards anal angle is a pale blue submarginal line. In the second female,
however, these two fulvous spots are entirely absent. In both specimens
the upper side of hindwing is sparsely powdered, in cell and below cell,
with blue scales. It is possible that /azzvanzs may be merely a female
variety of Leech’s female scinzillans. The colour and markings of the
underside are very similar to that species (2 Z. scintillans, Leech, Butt.
China, Japan, Corea, pl. xxvii, fig. 10, p. 376). As regards upperside
taiwanus differs from female sceinzillans in the following respects.
Scintillans has only a fulvous patch on the forewing, much larger than in
‘aiwanus which has an ultramarine blue patch in one specimen and blue
and fulvous patches in another specimen ; ¢azzvanus has no fulvous patch
above tail. As regards the underside Zarwanus differs from seintillans

in having no discoidal bars on any of the wings, the upright stroke of the

RHOPALOCERA FROM FORMOSA, 325

white W on hindwing is longer and more curved and there are only three
fulvous spots near anal angle and tail, not four as in seinzillans, the third
from anal angle being absent. It is not improbable that scintillans may
have a dimorphic form of the typical female with blue and fulvous patches
on the forewing as is the case with japonica, Murray,=¢axri/a, Bremer,
and that these two specimens of /a/wanus may be merely varieties
of female scintillans. It will not, however, be safe to offer a decided
opinion on this point before the male of ¢azwanus is captured.

Expanse 42-46 millimetres.

Named after the Japanese name for the Island of Formosa which is

Taiwan.

17. Tajuria inari, sp. nov.

Collection Number 75. One female specimen ; Kanshirei, Godaihö
Mountain, 4,000 feet ; May.

Female. Antennae black, ringed with white; legs white, spotted
with black.

Upperside—Forewing, Basal area, costal, outer and inner margins,
all broadly blue black ; a blackish discoidal bar ; a pale bluish white patch
occupying centre of wing crossed by the median nervules and finely
dusted beneath cell and above inner margin with bluish black scales; a
submarginal black line on all wings ; fringes white.

Upperside—Hindwing. Basal half and costal margin as far as
discoidal nervule broadly blue black; outer marginal area pale bluish
white intersected by darker rays ; abdominal margin and fold ash grey; a
submarginal series of seven black lunules extending from anal to outer
angle, followed by a white line ; two tails, superior shorter than inferior,
both black, edged and tipped with white.

Underside—Forewing. Bluish white. An oblong, greyish, discoidal
bar, white centred ; a median greyish band from near costa to submedian
nervure, interrupted at first median nervule ; upper part from costa to
first median nervule composed of two irregularly conjoined, oblique,
greyish, oblong bars much indented, lower part of a waved, greyish line

which is not so oblique and is placed on the inner side of and below the

326 A. E. WILEMAN.

upper part ; a curved series of grey lunules precedes a similar but smaller
submarginal series.

Underside—Hindwing. An oblong, greyish, discoidal bar, white
centred ; a smali, black, oval spot near base and towards costa; another
larger quadrate spot near centre of costal margin; a median, curved, inter-
rupted band composed of five greyish bars ; upper:two oblong with waved
edges ; third slightly S-shaped, fourth and fifth conjoined in the shape of
a W;a curved, much waved, greyish line ending in a blacker streak on
abdominal margin precedes a submarginal series of greyish lunules; a
black spot at anal angle and another, larger, between second and third
median nervules, the. first narrowly, and the second broadly bordered
above with fulvous.

Expanse 35 millimetres.

Named after the Japanese fox god Inari.

18. (?) Tajuria moltrechti, sp. nov.

Three specimens of this species were taken by Dr. Moltrecht at
Kuraro Botanical Gardens, Koshun, on February 22, 1908, two males and
one female, and two more specimens were subsequently captured by him
near Kagi in April. Two males were presented to me by Dr. Moltrecht,
one is rather worn and the body of the other has been devoured by ants so
that only the wings remain which are, however, perfect. The female is in the
collection of Dr. Moltrecht and being in perfect condition it has served as
the type for the following description as it does not differ in markings from’
the male. This species has three tails situated at the apices of the second
and third median nervules and submedian nervure ; so possibly it may not
belong to genus /ajuria which has only two tails. The tail at apex of
second median nervule is missing in the male type in my possession but is
present in the wings of the male specimen damaged by ants.

Collection number 149. Male, expanse 28 millimetres, female 35
millimetres. ‘Type male in Wileman collection, type female in Moltrecht
collection.

Male. Antennae black, ringed with white, tipped with ochreish ;

body black clothed ventrally with greyish white hairs; legs spotted with

RHOPALOCERA FROM FORMOSA. 327

black, clothed with greyish white hairs.

Upperside—fore and hindwings—purplish violet; costal margin
narrowly and apex broadly black diminishing in width along outer margin
to outer and anal angles ; in hindwing costal margin more broadly black
than in forewing ; base and disc to inner margin purplish violet, veins
black ; abdominal fold greyish ; /4rce tails ; anal tail shortest, middle tail
longest ; a small bluish white patch at anal angle enclosing a black spot ;
two more bluish white spots in second and third median interspaces ;
a submarginal bluish white line from anal angle to third tail at second
median nervule ; a black marginal line on all wings; fringes of wings

silvery white, chequered with black at apex of nervules.

Underside-Forewing. Ash grey tinged with ochreous in centre of
disc, whitish grey on inner margin and outer angle; costal margin from
base to apex yellowish marked with numerous, dark, transverse strigae ;
minute silver specks along half costal nervure and costal margin from
base ; a bifid silver streak at base of cell near median nervure edged above
with black; a second irregularly U-shaped silver spot in centre of and
extending above cell edged with black and ochreous internally; under-
neath this a square black patch at juncture of third median nervule with
median nervure ; a silver streak across apex of cell; three interrupted
irregular bands of silver specks and spots mostly edged with black com-
mencing near costa; the first, antemedian, excurved to first median nervule,
incurved at second median nervule and ending at third median nervule,
the two lowest silver spots broadly edged with black externally ; the
second, median, incurved and continued in the first and second median
interspaces by black spots instead of silver ; the third, discal, incurved and
ending at the second median interspace, composed of larger spots; then
follows an irregular, interrupted band of black spots ending at third
median interspace ; a submarginal series of silver spots edged with black
ending at third median interspace ; a greyish marginal line.

Underside-Hindwing. Ash grey tinged with ochreous in centre of
disc, paler towards outer margin ; a few silver specks at base ; a subbasal

band of silver spots continued along the abdominal margin and reaching

328 A. E. WILEMAN,

beyond the anal angle; a large, semicircular, silver spot at base of cell
enclosing ochreous and black scales; a curved, half moon shaped! streak
above this near costal margin, and another smaller, straight streak below
near median nervure ; all the silver spots and streaks of the basal area are
more or less margined with black and ochreous scales ; two silver streaks
across and below apex of cell edged with black; curved antemedian band
of elongate silver streaks commencing near costa, interrupted in the first
and second median interspaces, incurved near abdominal margin, ending
on internal nervure ; a shorter curved median band commencing above the
second subcostal nervule and reaching the abdominal marginal band; a
waved, transverse band of black spots commencing at costa and reaching
second median interspace ; a curved discal band of silver spots com-
mencing near costa and joining abdominal marginal band; a few black
spots in the upper interspaces near outer angle; an interrupted sub-
marginal silver line from anal angle to first tail at second median nervule ;
a black spot near outer margin in the second median interspace.

Female. Larger, the silver spots on underside bolder and better

defined than in male type.

19. Lehera eryx, Linnaeus.

Kershaw, Butt, Hongkong, pl. viti, fig 5 8 ,p- 81, (1907).

One male specimen taken by Dr. Moltrecht at Lake Suisha
(Candidius), in March, 1908.

Dr. Moltrecht showed me this specimen which agrees well with
the figure given by Kershaw.

Distribution. Hongkong ; Macao; Loochoo Islands ; Formosa.

20. Rapala varuna, Horsfield.

Rapala varuna, Horsfield ; Kershaw, Butt, Hongkong, pl. viti, f. 18

Oi fs 0 21007):

Collection number 72. One male and one female specimen; Garambi ;
Kanshirei ; May, October. Also taken by Dr. Moltrecht in some numbers
at Koshun in February and March, 1908.

These specimens agree well with Kershaw’s figure.

Distribution. Hongkong ; Formosa.

RHOPALOCERA FROM FORMOSA. 329

Family Pieridae.
Sub-Family Pierinae.
21. Delias aglaia, Linnaeus.

Delias aglaia, Linnacus, (= fasithoö, Linnaeus); Kershaw, Butt.
Hongkong, pl. ix, f. 15 €, 12 2, p. 96, (1907).

Collection number 54. One male specimen ; Kagi, November.

This specimen agrees exactly with Kershaw’s figure.

Distribution. Hongkong ; Formosa.

22. Prioneris thestylis, Doubleday.

Kershaw, Butt. Hongkong PME 105,99.(2907).

Collection Number 152. One male and one female; Lake Suisha
(Candidins) ; July, 1908 ; also taken by Dr. Moltrecht at Kuraro, Koshun,
February, 1908.

The male specimen does not agree exactly with Kershaw’s figure of
that sex but shows some variation which, if constant in a longer series,
may render it desirable to give the Formosan species rank as a local
variety of ¢histydis.

Distribution. Macao ; Formosa.

23. Catopsilia pyranthe, Linnacus.

Kershaw, Butt. Hongkong, pl. vii, f. 9 2, pl. xiii, f. 9 &, (both=

chryscis, Drury, wet season form), pl. xi. f. 5 J =gnoma, labricius

(dry season form), f. 100, (1907).

Collection number 38=chryseis. Two male and two female speci-
mens bred, Tainan, June and August, wet season form.

Collection number 38 a=? typical #yranthe, one male specimen,
Tainan, May.

Collection number 39=gnoma, one female specimen, Tainan, dry

season form.

Go
(OS)
©)

A. E. WILEMAN.

Kershaw remarks that c47ysezs, Drury and gwoma, Fab. are the wet
and dry season forms respectively of pyvanthe.

Miyake in his “Catalogue of the Butterflies of Formosa,” (May 1905),
has separated pyranthe, chryseis and gnoma as distinct species but the
two latter names should evidently be treated as synoyms of Zyranthe.

Distribution. Malay Peninsula ; India ; Formosa.

24. Pieris (Catophaga) paulina (?), Cramer.

Kershaw, Butt. Hongkong, pl. ix, f. 16 §,17 ©, p. 105, (1907).

Collection number 42. One female specimen, Garambi, October.

This specimen agrees closely in markings and pattern with
Kershaw’s figure of the female of this species, the only difference being
that the ground colour of the wings is yellow instead of white as in
Kershaw’s figure. The colour of the upper side is a light yellow whilst
that of the underside of lower wings and apex of upper wings is a light
orange. This specimen is probably a colour aberration of Jaulina,
Cramer.

Distribution. Macao ; Formosa.

25. Pieris (Huphina) nerissa, Fabricius.

Pieris nerissa, Fabricius, Ent. Syst. tit, 1, p. 190.

Pieris zelmira, Cramer, Pl. 320, 7200,09:

Pieris coronis, Cramer, pl. 44, f. 0.

Pieris nerissa, Fab; Kershaw, Butt, Hongkong, pl. xi, f. 10 &, fe

4 9, p. 164, (1907).

Collection number 46. One male and one female; Garambi, October.

These specimens agree well with the figures given by Kershaw who
gives coronis, Cramer, as a synonym.

Distribution. India ; South China ; Formosa,

26. Ixias pyrene, Linnacus.
var. evippe, Drury.
[vias pyrene, Linn; Kershaw, Butt. Hongkong, pl. vii, f. 12 &,
(wer season form), pl. x, f. 10 2, (wet season form), pl, xi, f. 9 di
(dry scason form), p. 98, (1907).

RHOPALOCERA FROM FORMOSA. 33I

Kershaw states that ‘ the Chinese variety of this butterfly is known
as Z. evippe, Drury, and that it is also the Papilio sesia of Donovan's
“Insects of China.”

Collection number 50. One male and one female specimen ; Koshun ;
Daitözan, 8,500 feet ; September ; also seen at Kanshirei. Common in the

Lake Candidius district.
These two specimens, male and female, agree with the wet season

forms of the two sexes figured by Kershaw.

Distribution. China ; Formosa.

Family Papilionidae.

Sub-Family Papilioninae.

27. Papilio machaon, Linnaeus.
var. asiaticus, Ménétries.
Papilio machaon, var. asiatica, Men. Cat. Mus. Petr. Lép. i, p. 70,
(1855).
Papilio machaon, var. asiaticus, Men ; Seitz, Gross-schm. der Erde,
Part 1 pl. vi, b, (1906).
Collection number 139. One female specimen, Horisha, October.
This specimen agrees exactly with Seitz’s figure.
Distribution. Europe ; Africa; America ; China ; Corea ; Amurland ;
Ussuri ; Formosa.

28. Papilio memnon, Linnaeus.

Papilio memnon, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1,2, f. 747, (1767); Pryer, Rhop.
Nihon. p. 4, pl. ti, f. 1 2, (1886) ; Leech, Butt. China, Japan, Corea,
D. 544, (1892-94); Kershaw, Butt. Hongkong, pl. x, f. 5 2, (=form
phoenix, Distant), f.6 2 (=form agenor, Linn), f. 9 d, (=memnon,
Linn.), p. 108, (1907).

Papilio androgeos, Cramer, Pap. Exot. i, pl. 91, figs, a, b, (1770);
Wallace and Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. No. 2, p. 356, (1866) ;
Miyake, Cat. Butt. Formosa, No. 9, f. 2, 1905, (memnon= form

androgeus).

332 A. E. WILEMAN.

Papilio thunbergü, Sicbold, Hist. Nat. Jap. p. 16, (1824).
Collection numbers 104, 104 a, 107.
104=male wermnon, Linn, two specimens ; Kanshirei, April ; Tainan, July.
104 a=near form agenor, Linn; two specimens; Kanshirei, April;
Tainan, July.

107=near form Phoenix, Distant; Kanshirei, April; Tainan, June,

July ; three specimens.

Wallace, Moore and Miyake record memnon from Formosa under
the form of androgeus (=androgeos). The male specimens of memnon
(104) do not agree exactly with Kershaw’s figure (f. 9) as regards the mark-
ings at anal angle of underside of hindwing. The specimen taken in April
moreover has the forewings much sharper, the outer margin being straight
and not incurved below apex as is the case in the specimen taken in July.
It also has the red basal patch at base of forewing which is absent in the
July specimen. The female specimens near agenor do not agree exactly
with Kershaw’s figure (f. 6.) but agree much better with the figure given by
Pryer in “Rhopalocera Nihonica”, pl. ii, f. 1 2. Of this Leech remarks, “ In
the Loochoo Islands where this species ” (77227727207) “ appears to be com-
mon, there is a large pale form of the female closely approaching agenor ;
this form is figured by Pryer who was apparently not acquainted with
the true Japanese female.’ The specimens near agenor differ from
Kershaw’s figure and resemble Pryer’s figure in having the white median
interspaces of the hindwing much larger. This however is not unusual
as Kershaw observes that “ there is much variation in the extent of white,
or pale ochreous, in the median interspaces of the hindwing,” (of agenor),
“some individuals having much more white, others much less than the
specimen figured.” From this it appears that the tailless form of memnon,
viz, agenor, is very variable. Memnon is, as Kershaw observes, remark-
able for the male possessing two very distinct forms of female, one with a
tailed hind wing (PAoeni.r) and the other with a tailless hind wing (agenor).
Two of the specimens near form phoenix taken in June and July differ
from Kershaw’s figure in having a white spot between the first and second

subcostal nervules, making six white spots in the median discal series

RHOPALOCERA FROM FORMOSA. 333

instead of five as given in Kershaw's figure (f. 5), otherwise they agree
well. The third specimen near phoenix taken in April differs in having
only four spots, the one near abdominal margin being absent.

Distribution. India; Malay Peninsula; Java; Borneo; Sumatra;

Loochoo Islands ; China ; Japan ; Formosa.

Family Hesperiidae.

29. Suastus gremius, Fabricius.

Kershaw, Butt, Hongkong, pl. xiv, f. 25 2, p. 125, (1907).

Collection number 96. Two male specimens, Tainan, July.

These specimens agree well with Kershaw’s figure. He remarks that
“the light yellowish white spots on the forewing vary much in size, but
the three spots in the median interspaces are usually large and distinct,
especially in the female. In the male the small spots on the anterior of
the forewing are much obscured or even wanting. The black spots on
the underside of the hindwing are usually five in number, but often they
are indistinct and one or two perhaps obsolete ; the sexes are very much
alike.”

Distribution. Hongkong ; Formosa.

30. Celaenorrhinus sumitra, Moore.

Plesioneura sumitra, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 787, (1865).
Celaenorrhinus sumitra, Leech, Butt. China, Japan, Corea, pl.
axxix, fig. I dp. 570, (1892-94).

Collection number 99. Two male and one female specimens ; Arizan

7,500 feet ; Kuania Toge, 6,000 feet ; September.

One of the male specimens agrees very well with Leech’s figure of
sumutra, the chief difference being that the three superior apical spots
near apex of costal margin are not placed ina straight line but more
inacurve. The shape of the first and second, large, quadrate, semi-

transparent white spots of the oblique discal series differs some-

334 A. E. WILEMAN.

what in all three specimens, those ofthe female being almost exactly the
same as in Leech’s figure. In a second male there is an extra white spot
just above the submedian nervure, this is absent in the female, its place
being taken by a small faint yellow spot. Moore, in his description of
sumitra, only gives four spots in the oblique discal series, Leech figures a
fifth spot which agrees with one of my specimens as just mentioned.
Leech’s figure therefore does not quite agree with Moore’s description.
This species, however, is evidently variable as regards makings. The
specimen which agrees with Leech’s figure in having a fifth white spot
also agrees well in other respects. In the other male there is no sub basal
yellow spot on upper side of hind wings and there are only two (outer
ones) out ofthe four yellow spots ofthe median band present. Allthree
specimens are variable as regards the number of yellow spots on under-
side of hindwing, the female having present only one of the median band
and four of the submedian band series. Ina long series of this species it
would no doubt be discovered that there was a further variation in the

number of spots.

Expanse : ¢ 48 millim, $ 44 millim, This is somewhat smaller than
Moore’s description which gives £ 2 inches, 2 2 3 inches.
Distribution. India, (N. E. Bengal, Sikkim, British Bhotan) ;

Western China, (Omei-shan, Moupin) ; Formosa.

31. Celaenorrhinus davidi, Mabille.

Pterygospidea davidii, Mabille, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, pl. 54,

(7876).

Celaenorrhinus davidi, Leech, Butt. China, Japan, Corca, pl. xxxix,

fig 9 8, D. 572, (1892-93).

Collection number 100. Two male and one female specimens ;
Banshöryö ; September.

These specimens agree well with Leech’s figure and Mabille’s discrip-
tion. Leech, in his figure, gives only three sub-apical white spots, but

Mabille, in his description, gives four. My specimens agree with

>

RHOPALOCERA FROM FORMOSA. 785

Mabille’s description in this respect and the white spots are whiter than in
the figure in which they are of a yel'owish colour.
Distribution. Western China, (Moupin, Wa-ssu-kow, Chia-kou-ho) ;

Central China, (Chang-yang, Kiu-kiang) ; Formosa.

32. Ismene ataphus, Watson.
Kershaw, Butt. Hongkong, pl. xiv, f. 17 d', P. 139, (1907).
Collection Number 97. Two male specimens, Garambi, November ;
Kanshirei, April.
These specimens agree well with Kershaw’s figure.

Distribution. Macao ; Formosa.

ae
=
es =

-

A Hand-List of the Birds of Japan*
BY

Minori Ogawa.

Order COLYMBIFORMES.
Suborder COLYMBI.
Family COLYMBID®.

Colymbus adamsi Gray:.….................,.…. Hasujiro-abi.
Urinator adamsii (Gray).
Hakodate, Nagasaki.
SE IE RD RS a ar i a O-hamu.
Urinator arcticus (Linn).

Hokkaido, Yokohama, Nagasaki.
gi Caseptenthionalis Winn: 2.2 ue Abi.
Colymbus lumme Brünn.

Urinator lumme (Gunner).

Hakodate, Tokyo Bay.

4. Urinator pacificus (Lawr.).
Hakodate.

Suborder PODICIPEDES.
Family PODICIPEDIDE.
5. Podicipes fluviatilis philippensis (Bonnat.). Muguri, Kazitsubur:.
Podiceps minor (Gmelin).
» philippensis Bonnat.

a nigricans (Scop.).

* Exclusive of Saghalin and Formosa.

2

M. OGAWA,

Us
(95)

Podiceps minutus Latham.
Colymbus nigricans Scopoli.
De minor Gmelin.
Tokio, Suruga, etc.
6. Podicipes aurıtus (Lin) mem, Mimi-kaitsuburi.
Podicipes cornutus Gmelin.
Podiceps cornutus (Gmelin). 2
Colymbus cornutus Gmelin.
as auritus Linn.
Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki.
‘7. Podicipes griseigena holboelli (Reinhardt). Akayeri-kaitsuburi.
Podiceps rubricollis Gmelin.
La holboelli Reinhardt.
5 rubricollis major Temm. & Schl.
Colymbus rubricollis (Gmelin).
à holbcelli (Reinh.).
Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki.
8. Podicipes nigricollis Brehm................... Hajiro-haitsuburt.
Colymbus nigricollis (Brehm).
Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki.
9. Podicipes cristatus (Lin) nme Kammuri-kaitsuburi.
Podiceps cristatus (Linn.).
i australis Gould.
Colymbus cristatus Linn.
Hakodate.

Order PROCELLARIIFORMES.
Suborder TUBINARES.
Family PROCELLARIIDA.

Subfamily Diomedeine.

10. Diomedia albatrus Pallas. ............... ..... Ahödori.

IM.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 339

D. brachyura Temm.
D. derogata Swinhce.
Hakodate, Nagasaki, Tokyo Bay.
Diomedea immutabilis Roths.
Minami-Torishima, Sagami Sea.
Diomedea nigripes Audubon.................. Kuroashi-ahödori.

Sagami, Hokkaido, Minami-Torishima.

Subfamily Procellarüne.

Procellaria furcata Gmelin, .................. Hauro-umitsubame.
Oceanodroma furcata (Gmelin).

Suruga, Sagami, Kurile-Islands, Hokkaido.

Procellaria leachi Temm. ............ Sook Koshijiro-Umitsubame.
Oceanodroma leucorrhoa (Vieill.)
Thalassidroma leachi (Temm.).

Kurile Islands, Hokkaido.

Procellaria melania Bonaparte. ............... Kuro-umitsubame.
Oceanodroma tristrami Stejneger.
Sendai Bay.

Procellaria desolata Kuhl.
Aestrelata leucoptera (Gould).

Mino.
Oceanodroma fuliginosa (Gmelin). ......... Seguro-umitsubame.
Torishima.

Oceanodroma markhami (Salv.).
Sendai Bay.
Oceanodroma monorhis (Sw.).

Mutsu.
Bulweria bulweri (Jard. & Sel.). ............ Anadori.
B. columbina (Webb & Berth.).
Nikko.
Puffinus nativitatis Streets. .. ...... … … Misunagidori.

340

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

M. OGAWA.

Minami-Torishima.
Puffinus leucomelas (Temm.). ............... O-misunagidori.
Procellaria leucomelas Temm.
Hakodate, Yokohama.

Fuffinus tenuirostris (lemme Hashiboso-misunagi-
dort.
Procellaria tenuirostris Temminck.
Puffinus brevicaudus Brandt.
Owari, Yoshino, Yamato, Nagasaki, Tokyo-Bay,

Kurile-Islands.

Puffinus carneipes Gould .................... Akaashi-misunag i-
dori.
Hakodate.
Puffinus griseus (Gmelin) en ser Haiiro-misunagidori.

Procellaria grisea Gmelin.
Kurile-Isiands.
Puffinus cuneatus Salv namen. Onaga-misunagidori.
Priofinus cuneatus (Salvin),
Minami-Torishima.
Fulmarus glacialis (Linn en ee ne, Furuma-kamemne,
Procellaria glacialis Linneus.
Fulmarus minor (Kjaerb.).
Kurile Islands.
Fulmarus glupischa Stejneger.
Kurile Islands.
Oestrelata hypoleuca Salv... Sirohara-misunagi-
xt dori.
Aestrelata hypoleuca Salvin.
Bonin Islands, Nakondo-shima.
Oestrelata longirostris Stejneger.
Aestrelata longirostris Stejneger.

Mutsu.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 341

31. Osstrelata brevipes (Peale).

Mutsu.

Order CICONIFORMES.
Suborder STEGANOPODES.
Family PHAERTHON TIDE.

32. Phagthon rubricaula Bodd..... .. -.....-. Akao-nettaichò.
Ph. phcenicurus Gmelin.
„ melanorhynchus Gmelin.
sì, melanorhyncos Vieill.
„ æthereus Nutt.
„ novæ-hollandiæ Brandt.
„ erubescens Banks.
, tubricaudatus Finsch & Hartl.
Bonin Islands, Minami-Torishima, Mino.
oo. Phaethon candidus Temm.) 2... 22.0... Shirao-nettaichò.
Ph. lepturus Lacep & Dandin.
» albus Shinz.
„ flavirostris Brandt.
„ edwardsii Brandt.
Lepturus candidus Bonap.

Bonin Islands, Kaga.

Family SULIDÆ.

STESURA OBIT) n PAT. Riukiu-katsuodort.
: Iriomote, Ishigaki-shima, Minami-Torishima.
35. Sula leucogastra (Bodd.)
Pelecanus leucogaster Boddært.
Bonin Islands.
Gol) Sula piscabeız (Lin)... Akaashi-katsuodori.
Sula piscator (Linn.).

BEER e. Katsuodori.

342 M. OGAWA,

Pelecanus piscator Linn.
Minami-Torishima.
37. Sula cyanops Sunder.

Minami-Torishima.

Family PHALACROCORACID.E.

38. Phalacrocorax bicristatus Pall................ Chishima-ugarasu.
Ph. urile (Gmelin).
Kurile Islands.
39. Phalacrocorax!carhoa Ener er Umi-u, Kawatsu.
Pelecanus carbo Linn.
Phalacrocorax carboides Gould.
È cormoranus (Meyer & Wolf).
n: sinensis (Shaw & Nodder).
Hakodate, Tokio, Yokohama, Suruga, Nagasaki.
40. Phalacrocorax capillatus (T. & S.) ......... Kawa-u, Shimatsu.
Ph. filamentosus (T. & S.).
Carbo filamentosus vel capillatus T. & S.
Hakodate, Sarushima, Nagasaki.
41. Phalacrocorax pelagicus Pali. ............... Hime-u, Ugarasu.
Ph. resplendens Aud.
Kurile Islands, Hokkaido.

Family FREGATID®.

42. Fregata minor (Gmelin) Arre Gunkandori.
Pelecanus minor Gmelin.
Hakodate.
43. Fregata aquila Linn.

Minami-Torishima,

Family PELECANID.E.

44, N Pelecänus.ep: : LISA Garanchö, Kongaracho.

Japan.

45.

46.

47.

48.

49.

50.

51.

A HAND-LIST OR THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 343

Suborder ARDEA,

Family ARDEID.E.

Ardea bacchus Bonaparte. .......,.......1..... Kara-sagi.
A. prasinoscelis Swinh«.
A. leucoptera Gray.
Ardeola leucoptera (Bodd.).
Cancroma leucoptera Bodd.

Buphus bacchus Bp.

Japan.

Ardea cinerea Linneus. ............ siria. Awosagi, Mitosagi.
Hakadate, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Loo-choo
Islands.

Ardea coromanda (Bodd.) .............-....... Amasagi, Shòjo-sagi..

Cancroma coromanda Bodd.
Bubulcus coromandus (Bodd.).
Ardea bicolor Vieillot.
„ affinis Horsfield.
Tokio, Nagasaki, Ishigaki-shima, Iriomote-shima.
Ardeamoulauis' Wagler.......er ie. Kurosagi.
Demiegretta ringeri Stejneger.
Tsushima, Goto Islands, Tanegashima, Amami-
Oshima, Ishigakishima, Iriomote-shima.
Ardea jugularis greyi Gray. .................. Shirokuro-sagi.
Demiegretta greyi (Gray).
Herodias greyi Gould.
Loo-choo Islands.
Ardea alba modesta (J. E. Gray)............. Ko-momojiro.
Tokio Bay, Eturop.
Ardea carzetia binneus..... ernannten „. Shirasagi, Kosagi,
Ippati.

344 M. OGAWA.

Herodias garzetta (Linn.).

Tokio, Suruga, Nagasaki.
52. Ardea sacra Gmelin.

Demiegretta sacra (Gmelin).

Loo-choo Is.

93. «Ardea intermedia Wagler. ern, Chüsagi, Shimameguri.
Mesophoyx intermedia Wagler.
Herodias intermedia (Wagler).

Suruga, Yokohama, Hokkaido, Nagasaki.

54. Ardetta sinensis (Gmelin) 2.2.0... Voshigoi, Bonnosagi.
Ardea sinensis Gmelin.
Botaurus sinensis (Gmelin).

Uzen, Kai, Suruga, Amami-Oshima.

95. Botaurus stellaris (Lino) ee Sankanogot.
Ardea stellaris Linn.

Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Suruga.

56. Butorides amurensis (Schrenck) ............ Amursagi.
Japan.
57. Gorsachius goisagi (Temm.) .................. Mizogot, Yamaibo.

Nycticorax goisagi Temm.

Yokohama, Nagasaki.

58. Phoyz manillensis (Meyen) Amer Murasaki-sagt.
Pyrrherodias manillensis (Meyen).
Ishigakishima.
39. Herodias timoriensis (Cuv-) en Daisagi, Momojiro.

Ardea timoriensis Cuv.

„ alba Linneus.
Lepterodatis flavirostris Ehrenberg.
Herodias candida Brehm.

fi syrmatophorus Gould.

x modesta Blakiston & Preyer.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 345

Herodias alba David & Oust.
Eturop, Hakodate, Tokio, Nagasaki, Loochoo
Island.

60. Nannocnus eurythmus (Swinhoe). ......... Ö-yoshigot.
Ardetta eurythma Swinhce.
5 cinnamonea Schrenck,

Botaurus eurythma (Swinhce).

Ishigaki-shima, Hokkaido,

61. Nannocnus ijimai Ogawa. .................. Riukiu-yoshigoi.
Okinawashima, Ishigakishima.
62 “Nycticorax ny cticorax (Linn:). 22. Seguro-goi, Goisagt,
Zoshigot.

N. griseus (Linn.).
„ europæus Steph.
Ardea nycticorax Linn,
Hokkaido, Musashi, Suruga.
63. Nycticorax crassirostris Vigors. ............ Hashibuto-got.
Bonin Is., Nakondo-shima.
64. Nycticorax javanicus stagnatilis (Gould). Szsagor, Minogoi.
Ardetta stagnatilis Gould.
a javanica (Horsf.).
Ardea javanica Horsf.

Butorides javanicus amurensis (Schrenck).

x spodiogaster.
Hakodate, Uzen.
65. Nycticorax prasinosceles (Swinhoe). ...... Akagashira-sagt.

Ardeola prasinosceles Sw.
Hakodate,

Suborder CICONIAE.
Family CICONIID®.
GG: ) Ciconiamigra inn.) Lala Nabeko.

Tokio.

346 M. OGAWA.

67. Ciconia boyciana Swinhe. ......... ER, Könotori.

Yokohama.

Family EBIDIDE.

Subfamily Foidine.

68-"Ibis nippon Temmincke espe eee Toki.
Nipponia nippon (Temm.).
Hakodate, Yokohama.
69. Ibis melanocephala (Latham). ............... Kurotoki, Kamasagi.
Tantalus melanocephalus Latham.
Ibis propinqua Swinhee.
Yokohama.

Subfamily Plataleine.

70. Platalea leucorodia Linn. .................... Herasagi.
P. major Temm. & Schl.
Hakodate, Yokohama.
71. Platalea minor Temm. & Schl. ............ Kurotsura-herasagi.
Nagasaki, Goto Is.

Order ANSERIFORMES.
Suborder ANSERES.

Family ANATIDÆ.
Subfamily Anatinee.

72. Anas javanica Horsheld) cs ae Rinkiu-gamo.
Dendrocygna javanica (Horsfield).
Ishigaki, Iriomote.
73. Anas zonorhyncha Swinhe .................. Karugamo.
A. peecilorhyncha Temm. & Schl.

74.

75.

76.

77.

78.

79.

80.

81.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 34

N

Polionetta zonorhyhncha (Swinhee).
Kurile Is, Hokkaido, Iriomote, Yokohama,
Tanegashima, Okinawashima, Ishigakishima.
Anasshoschas Linn." i. neuerer: Magamo, Awokubi.
Suruga, Amami-Oshima, Tanegashima.
Avasfonmosa-Georot an RPM. Tomoyegamo, Ajigamo.
Nettion formosum (Georgi).
Anas glocitans Pallas.
Awomori Bay, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Tsushima.
Auasfaleata: Georgi. nr... NT Yoshigamo.
Eunetta falcata (Georgi).
Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki.
set Salerienlala(Linn.).- 7, leeren Oshidori.
Anas galericulata Linn.
Aix galericulata (Linn.).
Suruga, Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Tsu-
shima, Tanegashima, Okinawashinna.
Anasıstrepera, Linneus...... ie: Okayoshigamo.
Chaulelasmus streperus (Linn.).
Yokohama, Nagasaki.
Aeghyissbaens(Radde) 51. Akahajiro, Hisuigamo.
Aythya bæri (Radde).
Anas (Fuligula) bæri Radde.
Hokkaido, Yokohama.
A Gti piatte minati) ta Hoshihajiro.
Fuligula ferina (Linn.).
Anas ferina Linn.
Aythya ferina (Linn.).
Hokkaido, Yokohama.
Acthyiafulgula:(Linn.): hoc Kinkurohajiro.
Aethyia cristata (Leach).
Anas cristata Leach.

Fuligula cristata (Leach).

348

82.

83.

84.

M. OGAWA.

Aythya fuligula (Linn.).
Hokkaidö, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Yakushima.
Aethyız marila (Lion) See Suzugamo, Nakihajiro.
Aythya marila (Linn.).
Anas marila Linn.
Aythya affınis mariloides Stejneger.
Fuligula marila (Linn.).
Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Tanegashima.
Aethyianyroca (Gulden Mejiro-gamo.
Aethyia ferruginea (Gmelin).
n africana (Gmelin).
sa leucophthalma (Bechst.).
Aythya nyroca (Linn.).
Japan.
Clangula glaucion (Linn.). .................. Hòjiro-gamo.
Anas clangula Linn.
C. vulgaris Fleming.
C. americana Bp.
Fuligula clangula (Linn.).
Glaucionetta clangula (Linn.).

Kurile Is., Hokkaidö, Yokohama, Nagasaki.

85. Clangula hyemalis (Linn.). .................. Korigamo.

86. Dafila acuta (Linn.).

Harelda glacialis (Linn.).
Fuligula glacialis (Linn.).
Anas glacialis Linn.
» hyemalis Linn.
Kurile Is., Hakodate.
si vibe hates PRE PR O SE Onagagamo.
Anas acuta Linneus.
Dafile caudacuta (Pallas).
Kurile Is., Hokkaido, Awomori, Yokohama,

Nagasaki.

87. Eniconetta stelleri (Pallas). .................. Ko-kewatagamo.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 349

Somateria stelleri (Pallas).

Somateria dispar Sparrm.

Anas stelleri Pallas.

Kurile Islands.
88. Histrionicus histrionicus (Linn.). ......... Shinorigamo, Okino-
kenchö.
Clangula histrionicus (Linn.).
Y torquata Brehm.

Fuligula historionica (Linn.)
Cosmonetta historionica (Linn.).
Anas historionicus Linn.

Kurile Is., Hokkaido, Yokohama.

89. Oidemia americana Sw. & Rich. ......... Kurogamo.
Fuligula americana (Sw. & Rich.).
(Edemia americana Sw. & Rich.
Kurile Is., Yokohama.

90. Oidemia fusca stejnegeri (Ridgway). ...... Birödo-kinkuro.
(Edemia fusca (Linn.).
Fuligula fusca (Linn.).
Anas fusca Linn.
Oidemia stejnegeri Ridgway.
CEdemia carbo (Pall.).
Kurile Is., Hokkaido, Yokohama, Nagasaki.
OT) Spatulayclypeata (Linn.). 1... Hashibirogamo, Ku-
chigamo.
Anas clypeata Linn.
Hokkaido, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Tanegashima,
kinawashima.
92. Somateria spectabilis (Linn.). ............... Kewatagamo.
Anas spectabilis Linn.
Kurile Is.

93. Tadorna cornuta (S. G. Gmelin). aan Isukushigamo.

350 M. OGAWA.

Anas cornuta S. G. Gmelin.
,, todorna Linn.
Tadorna vulpanser Flem.
Di tadorna Linn.

Tokio, Nagasaki, Suruga (?), Ishigakishima.

947 Tadorna rutila (Ballas) 2. em anne Aka-tsukushigamo.
Anas rutila Pallas.
Tadorna casarca (Linn.).

Nagasaki.

95.. Mareca penelope (Linn) Fr see en Hidorigamo.
Anas penelope Linn.
Hokkaido, Yokohama, Nagasaki.
96: * Nettion crecca (Linn) Rn Kogamo.
Anas crecca Linn.
Kurile Is, Hokkaido, Yokohama, Nagasaki,
Suruga, Tokio, Tanegashima, Ishigakishima.
97. Querquedula circia (Linn) Seren. Shima-aji.
Anas querquedula Linn.
Fy eitcia, inns

Yokohama, Nagasaki.

Subfamily Mergine.

98. Mergus merganser Linn, Warme Kawa-aisa.
Mergus castor Linn.
do comatus (Salv.).
Merganser merganser (Linn.).
Kurile Is., Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki.
99. Mergus serrator Emi eee Umi-aisa.
Merganser serrator (Linn.).
Kurile Is., Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki,

Okinawashima.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 351

100 Merseussalbellus: Lion. iui conan Miko-aisa.
Mergulus albellus (Linn.).

Hokkaidö, Yokohama, Nagasaki.

Subfamily Anserine.

107.) Anser-albikons. Scop.).. liana Masan, Karigane.
Anser gambeli Hartl.
„ erythropus Eyt.
» frontalis Baird.
„ albifrons var. gambeli Coues.
Branta albifrons Scopoli.
Hakodate, Tokio Bay, Nagasaki.
109: © Anger eyaneıdas/Gmelin., ie Sakatsuragan.
Kurile Is., Yokohama.
103. Anser nigricans Lawr. ............... nia Kokugan.
Branta nigricans (Lawr.):
» bernicla (Linn.).
» brenta (Tunst.).
» torquata (Naum.).
Hakodate, Nagasaki, Tokio Bay.
104. Anser hutchinsii Swains. & Rich. ......... Shijukarasan.
Branta hutchinsi (Richardson).
» leucopareia (Brandt).
» canadensis hutchinsi (Rich.).
Kurile Is., Hakodate, Kazusa (Tokio-Bay).
105. Auser hyperboreus Pallas. ......... le Hakugan.
Chen hyperboreus (Pallas).
„ albatus (Cassin).
Tokio Bay, Nagasaki.
106. Anser hyperboreus nivalis Ridgw. ......... O-hakugan.
Japan.
107. Anser minutus Naumann. _.................. Ko-karigane.

352 M. OGAWA,

Anser erythropus (Linn.).
, temminckii Boie.
Hokkaido, Yokohama.
108. Anser segetum serrirostris Swinhe. ...... Hishikui, Numatarò.
Anser segetum Gmelin.
» fabalis (Lath.).
5, Serrirostris Gould.
» grandis Midd.
» middendorffi Severtzoff.
» Segetum middendorffi Stejn.

Kurile Is., Hakodate, Tokio Bay.

Subfamily Cygninee.
109. Cygnus musicus Bechstein. .................. O-hakucho.
Cygnus ferus Leach.
5 xanthorhinus Naum.
Olor cygnus (Linn.).
Hokkaidö, Tokio Bay, Nagasaki.
110. Cygnus bewicki Yarreli m m eee Hakuchô.
Cygnus minor Keyserl. & Briss.
È melanorhinus Naum.
Olor bewickii (Yarrell).
Tokio Bay.

Order Falconiformes.
Suborder A CCIPITRES.
Family FALCONIDE.
Subfamily Aecipitrine.

1115 Circus arugmosus; Linn, GS Chile.
C. rufus (Gmelin).

Hakodate, Awomori, Yokohama, Suruga.

A JIAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 353

112 GCireussspllonotus Kaup. ult Siberia-chuht.
Japan.
M9 Gireus.cyaneus- (Linn). „naar: Haitro-chihi.

Circus pygargus Naum.
Falco cyaneus Linn.
Kurile Is., Hokkaidö, Yokohama, Nagasaki.
114. Astur palumbarius (Linn.). .................. O-taka.
Accipiter palumbarius (Linn.).
Falco palumbarius Linn,
Hokkaido, Yokohama.
115. “Accipter maus (Linn)... sender. 4 Konori, 2 Haitaka.
A. pallens Stejn.
„ granti Sharpe.
„ fringillarius (Savigny).
Hokkaidö, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Suruga, Uzen.
116. Accipiter gularis (Temm. & Schl.) ......... Essai, 2 Tsumi.
A. virgatus (Temminck).
,»» stevensoni Gurney.
Hakodate, Fuji-yama, Nagasaki, Shinano,

Suruga.

Subfamily Aquéline.

117. Aquila ehrysnetus (Linn.).. ae Inuzvashi.
A. fulva (Linn.).
» melanaetos (Gmel.).
„ canadensis (Gmel.).
» barthelemyi Jaub.
Falco chrysaetus Linn.
Hokkaido, Yokohama.
118. Aquila lagopus (Gmel.). ............... HA Keashi-nosuri.
Falco lagopus Gmel.
Archibuteo lagopus (Gmel.).
Hakodate.

54 M. OGAWA.

Us

119. Haliaetus albicillus (Linn.). ............... … Ofıro-wasin.
H. albicilla (Linn.).
Vultur albicilla Linn.
Yokohama, Nagasaki.
120. Haliaetus pelagicus (Pall.). .................. Ö-washi.
Aquila pelagica Pall.
Thalassoactus pelagicus (Pall).
Hakodate, Amami-Oshima, Loo-choo Is.
Totomi.
121. $Spilornis: pallidus: Waller Kammuri-washi.
Iriomote-shima.
122. Spizaetus nipalensis (Hodgson). ............ Kumataka.
S. orientalis Temm. & Schl.
Nisaetus nipalensis Hodgson.

Suruga, Hokkaido, Fuji-yama.

Subfamily Buteoninee.

123. Buteo vulgaris Lech ee ee Nosuri, Akanosuri.
Falco buteo Linn.
Buteo plumipes Hodgs.
„ japonicus (Temm. & Schl.).
,, desertorum Blanf.
Kurile Is., Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki.
Bonin Is., Suruga.
124. Buteo lencocephalus (Hodgson). ............ O-nosuri.
B. aquilinus Blyth.
» hemilasius Temm. & Schl.
„ ferox Sharpe.
Nagasaki.
125. Butastur indicus (Gmeln) I sneer Sashiba,
Falco indicus Gmelin.
Yokohama, Nagasaki, Yakushima, Amami-

Oshima, Okinawashima, Ishigakishima.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 355

126. Milvus ater melanotis (T. & S.). ............ Tobi, Tombe.
M. melanotis Temm. & Schl.
» major Hume.
Eturop, Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Tokyo,
Suruga, Chikuzen, Tanegashima.
127 Bernis apıvorus (Liam) nine Hachikuma.
P. apivorus orientalis Tacz.
Falco apivorus Linn.

Nagasaki, Tokio, Nikko.

Subfamily Faleonine.

2128. Faltoræsalon Tunstall. i... liana Ko-chögenbo.
F. regulus Pallas.
F. lithofalco Gm.
Hakodate, Yokohama.
129. Falco tinnunculus japonicus T. & S. ...... Chögembo, Masusoda-
Ra.
Falco tinnunculus Linn.
5 „ ecanariensis (Kcenig).
„ alaudarius Gmelin.
Cerchneis tinnunculus (Linn.).
Nagasaki, Yokohama, Tanegashima.
130. Falco peregrinus Tunstall. .................. Hayabusa.
F. communis Gmelin.
» anatum Bonaparte.
Kurile Is., Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki,

Iriomote-shima, Suruga.

ia lesEalcofsnbbaéeo Linn: - Mr Chigo-hayabusa.
Hokkaido.
19222 Falco Male EAN. 1.2... cece es Shiro-hayabusa.

F. rusticolus gyrfalco Ridgway.
Hakodate.

356 M. OGAWA.

Family PANDIONIDE.

1332 Pandion haljaetus (nn) meer Misago.
P. carolinensis (Gmel.).
» leucocephalus Gould.
Falco haliaetus Linn.

Suruga, Nagasaki, Yokohama, Hakodate.

Order GALLIFORMES,
Suborder ONCE Ss:

Family FURNICIDE.

134. Turnix blakistoni (Swinhe). ..............- Canton Mifu-usura.
Areoturnix blakistoni Sw.
Okinawashima.
135, "Turnixtaigoor (Sykes). a: espera Indo Mifu-usura.

Okino-Erabushima, Miyakoshima, Okinawa-

shima, Ishigakijima.

Suborder GALLI.
Family PHASIANIDE.

Subfamily Phasianine.

136. Phasianus versicolor Viel: serena Kiji.
Hondo.

137. Phasianus torquatus Gmelin. ............... Körai-kiji.
Tsushima.

138. Phasianus scintillans Gould. ............... Yamadori.
Hondo.

139. Phasianus semmerringi Temminck. ...... Akayamadori.

Kiushiu, Izu.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 3

ui
N

740: CPhasianasijime: Dresser, corna Koshijiro-yamadori.

Hiuga, Osumi.

Subfamily Tefraonin«e.

MATE Tetraoubonasia, ion; aloni Esoraichö, Esoyama-
dort.
Tetrastes bonasia (Linn.).
Bonasia europæa Gould.
» betulina (Scop.).
Hokkaido,
142. Tetraommuntms Montins +..." Raichò.
Lagopus mutus (Montin).
Tetrao lagopus Scop.
» alpinus Nilss.
Kurile Is., Shinano.
143. Coturnix communis Bonn. .................. Usura.
Tetrao coturnix Linn.
C. vulgaris Bout.
Hondo.
144. Coturnix communis japonica Seebohm. ... Akanodo-uzura.
C. japonica Temm. & Schl.

Suruga.

Order GRUIFORMES.

Family RALLID.E.

145. -Porzana pusilla. (Pallas)... Himekuina.
Porzana pygmæa David & Oust.
si intermedia (Herm.).
Crex pusilla (Pall.).

Rallus pusillus Pall.

» intermedius Herm.

358 M. OGAWA,

Rallus bailloni Vieillot.
Hokkaido, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Suruga,
Shimösa.
146. Porzana exquisita Swinhoe. ............... Shimakuina.
Porzana undulata Tacz.
Crex undulata (Tacz.).

Suruga, Yokohama, Hakodate.

147. Porzana quadristrigata Gould. ...... dia Mamijiro-kuina.
Japan.
148. "Porzana fusca (Linn) rer Hikuina, Natsukuina.

Porzana erythrothorax (Temm. & Schl.).
Rallus fuscus Linn.
Crex fusca erythrothorax (Temm. & Schl.).
Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Suruga.
149. Crex sepiaria (Stejn.). ......... 13 RARE Riukiu Okuina.
Rallina sepiaria (Stejn.).
Euryzona sepiaria Stejn.
Yayeyama Is, Ishigaki-shima, Iriomote-
shima.
150. Limnobænus phæopygus (Stejn.). ......... Riukin Hikuina.
Porzana phæopyga Stejn.
Yakushima, Amami-Oshima, Okinawashima, Iri-

omote-shima, Ishigaki-shima.

151. Rallus aquaticus indicus (Blyth.). ......... Kuina, Fuyu-kuina,
Bankuina.

Rallus indicus Blyth.
» japonicus Jerd.
aquaticus Linn.
Hondo.
152. Gallicrex cinereus (Gmelin). ............... Seiket.

”

Fulica cinerea Gmelin.
Musashi, Owari, Nagasaki, Iriomote-shima.

153. Gallinula chloropus (Linn.). ..............5 Ban.

154.

155.

156.

157.

158.

159.

160.

161.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 359

Fulica chloropus Linn.
Gallinula chloropus orientalis (Horsfield).
Hondo, Amami-Oshima, Okinawa-shima, Ishi-
gaki-shima.
FUN AURA Lattin, + 24 un ma Sent Oban.

Hokkaido, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Loo-choo Is.

Family OTIDIDÆ.

Opis dyDowskit Tacz; illa Nogar,
Hokkaido, Yasahai (Kiushiu).

Family GRUID.E.

Grus communis Bechstein. ................- Kurotsuru, Nezumi-
ZUTU.
Grus cinerea Bechstein.
Ardea grus Linn.
Grus lilfordi Sharpe.
Winter visitor to Japan.
Grus leucogeranus Pallas. .................. Shirotsuru, Sodeguro.
Spring & autumn visitor to Japan.
Grus japonensis (P. L. S. Müller). ......... Tancho.
Grus viridirostris Vieill.
» montignesia Bp.
Hokkaido, Nagasaki.
CONNUE AIS, i Sa kn Manazuru.
Grus leucauchen Temm.
Nagasaki.
Grustmonachns Temm.. nonni Nabezuru.

Yokohama, Nagasaki.

EBEN)... RE E cares Anchazuru.

360 M. OGAWA,

Order CHARADRIIFORMES.
Suborder LIMICOLA.
Family CHARADRIID.E.
Subfamily Charadriine.

162. Strepsilas interpres (Linn.). ............... Kiojo-shigi.
Arenaria interpres (Linn.).
Strepsilas collaris (Meyer & Wolf).
Tringa interpres Linn.
Kurile Is., Hokkaidö, Yokohama, Suruga.
163. Squatarola helvetica (Linn.). ............... Daisen.
Tringa helvetica Linn.
Charadrius helveticus (Linn.).
nr squatarola Linn. ?
Hakodate, Yokohama, Suruga, Nagasaki, Loo-
choo Is.
164. Charadrius fulvus Gmelin, .................. Munaguro, Aiguro,
Chadori.
Charadrius dominicus P. L. S, Müller.
“4 In fulvus (Gmelin).
en virginicus Licht.
Kurile Is., Bonin Is., Loochoo Is., Hakodate,
Yokohama, Suruga.
165. Charadrius morinellus Linn. ............... Kobasu-chidori.
Eudromias morinellus (Linn.).
Hakodate.
166. Charadrius minor Wolf & Meyer. ......... Kochidori.
Aegialitis curonica (Gmel.).
> dubia (Scop.).
= minor (Wolf & Meyer).

Hakodate, Yokohama, Suruga, Okinawashima.

167.

168.

169.

170.

Yan

172.

172.

174.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 361

Charadrius placidus Gray. ...... ect Ikaruchidori, Ojun,
Kubidamachidori.
Aegialitis placida (Gray).
n, hartingi Swinhee.
Hakodate, Yokohama, Suruga.
Charadrius mongolicus Pallas. ............ Medai-chidori.
Aegialitis mongola (Pall.).
è inornata (Gould).
Ochthodromus mongolus (Pall.).
Kurile Is., Hakodate, Yokohama, Suruga.
Charadrius geoffroyi Wagl. .................. O-medaichidori.
Aegialitis geoffroyi (Wagl.).
Ochthodromus geoffroyi (Wagl.).
Charadrius leschenaulti Less.
Very rare accidental straggler to Japan.
Charadrius cantianus Latham. ............ Shiro-chidori.
Charadrius alexandrina (Linn.).
Aegialitis cantiana (Lath.).
ni alexandrina (Linn.).
Hokkaido, Yokohama, Suruga.
Lobivanellus cinereus (Blyth.). ............ Kerr.
Hokkaido, Yokohama.
Vanellus vulgaris Bechst. .................. Tageri, Nabekeri.
Vanellus cristatus Wolf & Meyer.
7 capella Schaeff?
Tringa vanellus Linn.
Hokkaidö, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Shimosa.
Hæmatopus osculans Swinhoe. ............ Miyakodori.
H. ostralegus Linn.
Kurile Is., Hokkaido, Yokohama.
Hematopus.niser Pallas... i ... Kuro-miyakodori.

Kurile Is.

362 M. OSAWA.

Subfamily Tringine.

175. Numenius arquatus lineatus (Cuv.). ...... Daishakushigi.
Numenius arquatus (Linn.).
n lineatus Cuv.
Kurile Is., Hokkaidö, Yokohama, Loochoo Is.
176. Numenius phæopus variegatus (Scop.). ... Chashakushigi.
Numenius variegatus (Scop.).
; uropygialis Gould.
Scolopax phæopus Linn.
Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Suruga.
177. Numenius minutus Gould. .....,............ Koshakushigi.
Numenius minor Leach.
Mesoscolopax minutus Gould,

Giotoku, (very rare visitor on migration to

Japan).
178. Numenius cyanopus Vieillot. ............... Zorokushiei.
Numenius australis Gould.
= major Steph.
4) tahitiensis Gmel,

Hakodate, Yokohama.
179. Limosa rufa uropygialis (Gould). ......... O-sorthashishigi.
Limosa uropygialis Gould.
» baueri Naum.
», novze-zealandia Gray.
» lapponica baueri (Naum.).
» rufa Brisson.
Kurile Is., Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki.
180. Limosa melanura melanuroides (Gould)... Oguroshigt.
Limosa belgica (Gmel.).
LE limosa (Linn.).
ss melanura Leisler,

» melanuroides Gould.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 363

Limosa brevipes Gray.
È ægocephala Linn.

Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki.

181. Totannsterekins (Eat), nen. Sorihashishigi.
Scalopax terek Lath.
Terekia cinerea (Güld.).

Yokohama.

182, Totanusincamus (Gmelin). rat... Kiasishigi, Usuzu-
mishigi.
Scolopax incana Gmelin.
Kurile Is., Bonin Is., Hakodate, Yokohama,
Loochoo-Islands.
183. Totanus incanus brevipes (Vialone Meriken-kiashishigi.
Totanus brevipes Vieill.
» pulverulentus Müll.
» griseopygius Gould.
Heteractitis brevipes (Vieill.).

Bonin Islands.

184. ‚Totanus glareola (Lin)... Takabushigi.
Tringa glareola Linn.
Kurile Is., Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki.
185. Totanus hypoleucus (Linn.). ............... [soshigi.
Tringa hypoleucos Linn.
Actitis hypoleucus (Linn.).
Tringoides hypoleucus Linn.
Eturop, Hokodaie, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Tane-
gashima, Yakushima, Amami-Oshima, Kikaiga-
shima, Izenashima, Yagachishima, Okinawashi-
ma, Suruga, Kai.
186. .Totanusiochropus (Linn.) Jr kenge Kusashigi.
Tringa ochropus Linn.

Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Suruga.

364

187.

188.

189.

190:

LOT

192.

193.

194.

M. OGAWA.

Totanus'stasnatilis Bechst ee Ko-aweashishigt.
Yokohama.
otanus slottis (Linn) Awoashishigi.
Scolopax glottis Linn.
Totanus nebularius Gunner.
„ canescens (Gmelin).
Hakodate, Yokohama.
‘Lotanws fascus: (Linn) Pen eee Tsurushigi.
Scolopax fusca Linn.
Kurile Is., Hakodate, Yokohama.
T:otanus.calidrjs (Linn) Akaganeshisi, Aka-
ashishigi.
Scolopax calidris Linn.
Giotoku.
Totanus pugnaz (Linn) non. na ioni
Machetes pugnax (Linn.).
Tringa pugnax Linn.
Pavoncella pugnax (Linn.).
Hokkaido, Ynkohama.
Phalaropus fulicarius (Linn.). ............... Hatro-hireashishigi.
Phalaropus platyrhynchus Temm.
Tringa fulicaria Linn.
Crymophilis fulicarius (Linn.).
Kurile Is., Suruga.
Phalaropus hyperboreus (Linn.). ......... Akacri-hircashishigi.
Phalaropus angustirostris Naum,
Ri cinereus Meyer.
Tringa hyperborea Linn.
Kurile Is., Hakodate, Yokohama, Loochoo Is
Limicola sibitica Dresser "ek en Kiriai.
Limicola platyrhyncha (Temm.).
Tringa platyrhyncha Temm.

Hakodate, Yokohama, Suruga.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 365

MS Trtngarruneollis Pallas.. #40: Tönen.
Tringa albescens Temm.
Limonites ruficollis (Pall.).
Kurile Is., Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki,

Suruga.

106.‘ Tringadamacensis Hoc lana Hibarishigi.
Tringa subminuta Midd.
Limonites damacensis (Horsf.).
Kurile Is., Hakodate, Yokohama.

197. Tringa acuminata: (Horsf), Re Uzurashigi, Sarushisi.
Totanus acuminatus Horsf.
Heteropygia acuminata (Horsf.).
Tringa australis (Gmel.).

Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki.

198. Tringa alpina pacifica (Coues). ............ Hamashigi, Hashi-
naga.
Tringa alpina Linn.
nn pacifica Coues.

americana (C. L. Brehm).
Kurile Is, Hokkaido, Yokohama, Nagasaki,

»?

Suruga.

199. Tringa pygmea (Linn.). ...... A Pee Herashigi.
Platalea pygmæa Linn.
Eurynorhynchus pygmæus (Linn.).

griseus Nilss.

Hakodate, Yokohama, Owari.

LE

ZOG ETINEMNarEndMANL nn... eines Miyubishist.
Calidris arenaria (Linn.).
Hakodate, Yokohama, Shimosa.

201. Tringa crassirostris Temm. & Schl. ...... Obashigi.
Scheeniclus magnus Gould.
Kurlle Is., Yokohama.

366 M. OGAWA.

202. Tringa couesi (Ridgway). 4... Chishimashigi.
Kurile Is.
203. Trinsalcanutus Temm rer eae, Ko-obashigt.
Tringa islandica Linn.

Yokohama.

204. Tringa temmincki Leisl.
Tringa pusilla Lath.
Limonites temminckii Gigl.
Calidris temminckii Kaup.

Schceniclus temminckii Gray.

Tekyo.
205. Tringa subarquata (Güld.). ......... ERBE Saruhamashigi.
Tringa ferruginea Brünn.
Japan.
206: -Tringa ‘striata Lipn. EGNA Murasakishigt.

Tringa maritima Gmelin.

Kurile Islands.

297. Tryngites subruficollis (Vieill.).
Tringa subruficollis Vieill.
+ rufescens Vieill.
Actitis rufescens Schl.
Tringoides rufescens Gray.

Owari.

Subfamily Seolopacine.

208. Macrorhamphus griseus (Gmel.). ......... Ohasushigi.
Macrorhamphus noveboracensis (Gmel.).
x scolopaceus Lawr.
Hokkaido, Yokohama.
209. Rostratula capensis (Linn.). ............... Tamashigi.
Rhynchaa capensis (Linn.).

Scolopax capensis Linn.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 367

Rostratula bengalensis (Linn.).
Hokkaido, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Suruga.
210. Gallinago cælestris (Frenzel). ............... Tashigi, Jishigi.
Scolopax gallinago Linn.
Gallinago scolopacina Bp.
x sabinii (Vigors).
Kurile Is., Hokkaidö, Hondo, Nagasaki, Ama-
mi-Oshima.
211. Gallinago megala Swinho:. .................. Chüshigi.
Scolopax megala (Sw.).
Yokohama, Okinawashima.
212. Gallinago australis (Lath.). .................. O-jishige.
Scolopax australis Lath.
Hokkaidö, Yokohama.
213. Gallinago gallinula (Linn.). .................. Koshigi.
Scolopax gallinula Linn.
Hakodate, Yokohama.
214. Gallinago solitaria Hodgson. ............... Awoshig?.
Gallinago hyemalis (Eversm.).
Scolopax solitaria (Hodgson).
Sapporo, Yokohama, Nagasaki.
glo: Gallinasofstenura (Kuhl). 2.0... Harioshigi.
Scolopax stenura Bonaparte.
Japan.
216. Scolopaxrusticola Linn. .................%.. Yamashigi, Botoshigt.
Hokkaidö, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Suruga,
Musashi, Yakushima, Tanegashima, Amami-
Oshima.

Family GLAREOLIDE.

Subfamily Glareoline.

217. Glareola orientalis Leach.
Hitachi.

(os)
OV
(00)

M. OGAWA.

Suborder LARI.
Family LARIDE.
Subfamily Sfercorariine.

218. Stercorarius pomarinus (Temm.). ......... Tosoku-kamosne.
Stercorarius pomatorhinus (Temm.) ?
Lestris pomarinus Temm.
Tokio Bay, Owari.
219. Stercorarius parasiticus (Linn.). ......... Shirohara-tozokuka-
mome.
Stercorarius longicaudus Vieillot.
A buffoni (Boie).
Lestris buffoni Boie.
» crepidata Gmel.
Kurile Islands.
220. Stercorarius richardsoni (Swainson). ...... Kuro-tosokukamome.
Lestris richardsoni Swainson.

Kurile Islands.

Subfamily Lawine.

221. Larus’ridibundustum ae Vurikamome.
Larus capistratus Temm.
Hokkaido, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Tokio,
Suruga.
222. Larus saundersi (Swinhæ). .................. Zuguro-kamome.
Chroicocephalus saundersi Swinhce.
Larus schimperi Schlegel.
Gavia kittlitzii Swinh«.
Xerna kittlitzii David.
Chroicocephalus kittlitzii Swinhoe.

Hokkaido.

223.

224.

225.

226.

227.

228.

229.

230.

deli AnonsipallussBangs.'.i.. lina

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN

369

karuetndactylus Linn, 1.1... sn... Mitsuyubi-kamome.

Larus rissa Linn.
Rissa tridactyla (Linn.).
= 5 pollicaris Stejn.

Kurile Is., Hokkaido.

Lars Canne inner RE Lu eee

L. nivens Pallas.

Kamome.

Kurile Is., Hokkaidö, Hondo,

Larus crassirostris Vieillot. ................…….

L. melanurus Temm.

Umineko.

Hokkaidö, Yokohama, Suruga.

Tarus,vesr) (Palmen). ria

L. cachinnans Pallas.

„ occidentalis Aud.

Seguro-kamome.

Minami-Torishima, Suruga, Bonin Is., Hokkaido,

Yokohama, Nagasaki.

Tarns.schistisagus Stein. La 244 Oseguro-kamome.

Larus marinus Linn.
E „ schistisagus (Stejn.).

Kurile Is., Hakodate.

Larus lames Abe Re

Larus barrovianus Ridgway.

» glaucus Brünnich.

Hakodate, Yokohama.
Larus glaucescens Naum. ..................
Hakodate, Tokyo Bay.
Larus leucopterus Faber. ....................

L. islandicus Edmonst.

Japan.

Subfamily Sfernine.

Iriomote-shima.

Shiro-kamorme.

Washi-kamome.

Hajıro-kamome.

379

232.

233.

234.

235.

236.

237.

238.

239.

M. OGAWA.

Gygis candida (Gmelin). ..................... Shiro-ajisashi.
Sterna candida Gmelin.
„ Ala En.
, semi-alba Bonn.
» pacifica Lesson.
3 miyeaR. D. Brenett:
Gygis alba Licht.
» napoleonis Bp.
» alba kittlitzi Hartert.
Kurile Is., Minami-Torishima, Bonin Is., Owari.
Micranous marcusi Bryan. .................. Torishima-ajisashi.
Minami-Torishima.
Sterna longipennis Nordmann. ............ Ajisashi.
Sterna camtschatika Kittlitz.
Kurile Is, Hokkaido, Tokyo-Bay, Suruga,
Totömi.
Sterna dougalli gracilis (Gould). ......... Beni-ajisashi.
Sterna dougalli Montagu.
» gracilis Gould.
», paradisea Keys. & Blas.
Amami-Oshima, Ishigaki-shima.
Sterna sinensis Gmelin.” sei Ko-ajisashi.
Sterna placens Gould.
| Yokohama, Totomi, Suruga, Loochoo Islands.
Sterna melanauchen Temminck. ......... Eriguro-ajisashi.
Amami-Oshima, Okinawashima, Miyako-shima,
Ishigaki-shima.
Sterna aleutica Baird.” OA Koshijiro-ajisashi.
Inubogasaki (Shimosa).
Sterna.stolida Linn, 4. ur Kuro-ajisashi.
Anous stolidus (Linn.).
Minami-Torishima, Gulf of Tokyo, Loochoo
Islands.

241.

242.

243.

244.

245.

246.

247.

248.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN SAI

Sterna anæstheta Scopoli. ..............6... Mamijiro-ajisashi.
Sterna panaya Lath.
Hakodate, Yokohama, Suruga.

Sterna fuliginosa Gmelin. 17727 Seguro-ajisashi,
Minami-Torishima, Suruga, Yayeyama Is., Irio-
mote-shima.

Sterna fuliginosa crissalis (Baird). ......... Riukiu Seguro-ajisa-

shi.
Iriomote-shima.

Dion A DONDUPEICRE cit O-ajisashi.
Okinawa-shima, Ishigaki-shima, Iriomote-shima.

Sterna bergii boreotis Bangs. ............... Riukiu O-ajisashi.

Ishigaki-shima,

Suborder ALC A.
Family ALCIDÆ.

Fratercula corniculata (Naum.). ............ Tsunomedori.
Mormon corniculata Naum,
Kurile Islands.

Fratercula monocerata (Pall.). ............ Ute, Zenchicho.
Alca monocerata Pall.
Cerorhyncha monocerata (Pall.).
Hakodate, Nagasaki.

Bundarcirenata (Pal)... ae Etopirica.
Alca cirrhata Pall.
Fratercula cirrhata (Pall.).

Kurile Is., Nemuro.

Simorhynchus psittaculus (Pall.). _...... Umi-6mu.
Alca psittacula Pall.
Fratercula psittacula (Pall.).
Kurile Islands.

372 M. OGAWA.

249. Simorhynchus cristatellus (Pall.), ......... Tturop Umisuzume.
Simorhynchus tetraculus (Pall.).
Alca cristatella Pallas.
Fratercula cristatella (Pall.).
Kurile Islands.
250. Simorhynchus pygmæus (Gmel.). ......... Shirahige Umisuzume.
Alca pygmæa Gmel,
Fratercula pygmzea (Gmel.).

Kurile Islands., Shimoda, Tokyo-Bay.

251. Simorhynchus pusillus (Pall.). ............ Ko-umisuzume.
Phaleris microceros Brandt.
Uria pusilla Pall.
Fratercula pusilla (Pall.).
Kaga, Hakodate.
252. Brachyrhamphus perdiz (Pall.). ............ Madara-umisuzu:ne.

Alca marmorata (Gmelin).
Colymbus marmoratus Gmelin.
Cepphus perdix Pallas.
I Kurile Is., Hokkaidö, Yokohama.
253. Brachyrhamphus brevirostris (Vigors.) ... Aobasu-umisusume,
Brachyrhamphus kittlitzi Brandt.
Alca brevirostris (Vigors).
Uria brevirostris Vigors.
» antiqua Audubon.
Kurile Islands.
254, Alca troile (Linn); + "an Umigarasn.
Uria lomvia Keys. & Blas.
» ringvia Brünn.
„ californica (Bryant).
Colymbus troile Linn.
Kurile Islands, Hokkaidö.
255. Synthliborhamphus wumizusume (Temm.). ... Aammuri-umisu-

sume.

256.

207.

258.

259.

260.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 373

Alca wumizusume (Temm.).
Uria wumizusume Temm.

Ködsushima, Nagasaki.

Synthliborhamphus antiquus (Gmel.). ... Umzisuzunme.
Alca antiqua Gmel.
Kurile Is., Hokkaidö, Nagasaki, Yokohama,
Suruga.
Uriascaxbor(Ballas)- Hai Keimafuri.
Alca carbo (Pallas).
Cepphus carbo Pallas.
Kurile Is., Hokkaido, Yokohama.
Umscolemnba (Pall. ay u... eroi: Umibato,

Alca columba (Pall.). ©
Cepphus columba Pall.
Kurile Is., Hakodate.
Cepphus snowi Stejneger. rate ChishimaUmibato.
Uria snowi (Stejneger).

Kurile Is.

Suborder COLUMBA.
Family COLUMBIDZE.

Subfamily Peristerine.

“Eur orientalis (Latham). Gonna Kijibato.
Turtur rupicola (Pllas).
3 gelastis Finsch.
» stimpsoni Stejn.
» Orientalis gelastis Stejn.
Columba orientalis Latham.
a gelastis Temm.
5 meena Sykes.

Eturop, Hokkaidö, Suruga, Yokohama, Tanega-

374 M. OGAWA.

shima, Kai, Yakushima, Amami-Oshima, Oki-

nawashima, Miyakoshima, Ishigakishima, Iri-

omoteshima.
261. ‘Turtor risorius (Linn) ALICE Shirakobato, Juzuka-
kebato.
Turtur decaoto (Frioaldsky).
» douraca Hodg.
» torquata (Bogd.).
» douraca torquatus (Bogd.).
Columba risoria Linn.
Yokohama.
262. Turtur humilis (Temm:) ister: (n) Benibato.

Turtur tranquebaricus (Herm.).
Columba humilis Temm.
Yokohama ?

263. Chalcophaps indica (Linn.). .................. Aznbato.
Ishigakishima, Iriomoteshima.

Subfamily Columbine.

264. Columba intermedia Strickl. ............... Kawarabato, Nobato.
Columba livia Brisson.
Yokohama, Enoshima, Loochoo Is.

Subfamily Treronine.

265: . Treron.sieholdi (Ten) rene Awobato.
Columba sieboldi Temm.
Sphenocercus sieboldi (Temm.).
Hokkoidö, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Suruga.
266. Sphenocercus permagnus (Stejn.) ......... Riukiu Awobato.
Treron permagna Stejn.
Amami-Oshima, Okinawashima, Yakushima.

A HAND-LIST OE THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 375

267. Sphenocercus medioximus Bangs. ......... Chudai-awobato.
Ishigakishima, Iriomoteshima,
268. Carpophaga ianthina (Temm.). ............ Karasubato.
Columba janthina Temm.
Janthcenas janthina (Temm.).
Ogasawarashima, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Tane-
gashima, Loochoo Is., Yakushima, Amami-
Oshima.
269. Carpophaga versicolor (Kittl.) ............... Ogasawara Karasuba-
Lo.
Calumba versicolor Kittl.
Janthcenas versicolor (Kittl.).
Bonin Islands.
270. Carpophage jouyi (Stejn.) ..................... Riukiu Karasubato.
Ianthcenas Jouyi Stejn.
O.inawashima.
271. Carpophaga nitens (Stejn.) ...... ........... Akagashira-karasu-
bato.
Janthoenas nitens Stejn.
Bonin Islands.
Order CUCULIFORMES.
Suborder CUCULLI.
Family CUCULID.E.
Subfamily Cueuline.
#12. "Uncalus eamorus Linn. 41%. Kakko.
Kurile Is., Hakodate, Yokohama, Suruga, Oki-
nawashima.
273. Cuculus saturatus Hodgson. ............ .... . Ponpondori, Tsutsu-

dori, Omushikui.

376 M. OGAWA.

Cuculus himalayanus Jerd.

intermedius Shelley.

7 canoroides S. Müller.

si optatus Gould.

sE horsfieldi Moore.

hs canorinus Cabanis.

so kelungensis Swinhoe.

> monosyllabicus Swinhoe.

Hokkaido, Suruga, Ishigaki-shima.
274. Cuculus poliocephalus Latham. ............ Hototogisu.
Cuculus bartletti Layard.
es tamsuicus Swinhoe ?
Yokohama, Tokio, Aki, Seven Islands, Suruga,
Nikko.
275. Cuculus micropterus Gould.
Cuculus striatus Gray.

Japan.

276. Hierococcyz fugax (Horsfield). ............... Jınichi, Jihishinchò.
Cuculus hyperythrus Gould.
o fugax Horsfield.
5 lathami J. E. Gray.
Hierococcyx nisicolor (Hodgson).
5, hyperythrus (Gould).
Suruga, Shimotsuke.
277. Hierococcyx sparveroides (Vigors).
Hierococcyx strenuus Gould ee.
Cuculus sparveroides Vigors.

Japan.

278.

279.

250.

281.

282.

283.

A HAND-LIST OF TFE BIRDS OF JAPAN

Order CORACHFORMES.
Suborder CORACIZE.
Family CORACIIDE.
Subfamily Coraciine.

Eurystomus orientalis (Linn.). ............ Bupposo.
Eurystomus lætior Sharpe.
Coracias orientalis Linn.
Kii, Nagasaki, Iriomoteshima.
Eurystomus calonyx Sharpe. ...............

Buzen, Tsushima, Loochoo Islands.

Family ALCEDINID AE.

Subfamily Haleyonine.

Halcyon coromanda (Latham). ............... Miyama-shöbin, Kyo-

roro, Aka-shobin, Bé-

doro.

Alcedo coromanda Lath.

Suruga, Nikko, Iriomote-shima, Hakodate,
Yokohama.

Halcyon coromanda rufa Wallace. ...... .. Riukiu Akashöbin.
Amami-Oshima, Oklnoerabushima, Okinawa-
shima, Ishigakishima, Iriomoteshima.

Halcyon pileatus (Bodd.). .................... Yamashöbin.

Halcyon atricapilla (Gmelin).
Suruga, Hiuga, Bingo.
Subfamily Alcedinin«.
Alcedo bengalensis Gmelin. .................. Kawasemi, Shöbin,

Hisui, Sona,

378 M. OGAWA.

Alcedo ispida Linn.
bengalensis (Gm.).

Eturop, Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Chi-

„ ”

kuzen, Hitachi, Shimosa, Musashi, Bizen, Suru-
ga, Kai, Tanegashima, Amami-Oshima, Kikai-
gashima, Tokunoshima, Okino-Erabushima,
Okinawashima.

284: ‘Ceryle guttata (Vigors). ee Yamasemi, Kawacho,

Hotokeset.
Ceryle lugubris (Temm.).

Hakodate, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Nikko, Suru-

ga, Izu.

Family MEROPIDÆ.

285. :Merops ornatus*Latham. Veran Hachikun.
Miyakoshima.

Family UPUPID.E.
Subfamily Upupine.

286: : Upupa.epops. Linn. See Vatsugashira.
Hokkaidö, Ise, Kiu-shiu, Nagoya.

Suborder STRIGES.
Family STRIGIDJE.
Subfamily Strigine.

287. Strix uralensis Pallas: ve Fukurö.
Strix liturata Tengmalm.
Syrnium uralensis (Pallas).
Hokkaidö, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Musashi,
Suruga.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 379

288. Strix uralensis fuscescens (Temm. & Schl.). Kiuskzu Fukuro.
Strix fuscescens Temm. & Schl.
Kiushiu.
eee sesh OF MS MEIN... (ici Torafusuku.
Asio otus (Linn.),
Otus vulgaris Fleming,
Hokkaidö, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Suruga.
290. Strix brachyotus Forster. ...... VE Komimizuku.
Asio accipitrinus (Pall.).
» brachyotus (Forster).
„ sandwichensis (Bloxh.).
» galapagoensis (Gould).
„ cassinii (Brew.),
Hokkaido, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Suruga.
PR Alucottammeus (Linn.) .. 2
Strix flammea Linn. ?
» pratincola Bp.
» javanica Gmel.
> »perlata Licht:
» furcata Temm.
„ delicatula Gould
„ pinctatissima Gray.
„ poensis Fraser.
„ africana Bp.
», affinis Layard.
1 Ansularıs. Pelz.

„ indica Blyth.
Japan.

380 M. OGAWA.

Subfamily Bubonine.

292" Bubo blakistont Seebohme rare: Shimafukuro, Omi-
misuki.
Hokkaido.
993) Bubowmaxlmus, Ger Mugi Washiminizuku.

Goto Islands, Nagasaki.

204°. Surnianyetea (Linn. Cee Shirofukurö,
Strix nyctea Linn.
Hakodate.
295. ' Nyctale funerea Bp. 2... ms eee Kimme fukuro.
Hokkaido,
296. «Ninoz scutulata (Raffles) mer Awobasuku.

Strix scutulata Raffles.
Ninox hirsuta (Temm.).
» japonica (Bp.).
» lugubris (Tickell).
» burmanica Hume.
» innominata Hume.
» affinis Beavan.
Yokohama, Suruga, Nagasaki, Okinawashima,
Ishigakishima, Iriomoteshima, Yonakunishima.
297. Scops japonicus Temmi& Schleier Konohasuku, Kakisu-
ku.
Scops bakkamæna Swinh.
» stictonotus Sharpe.
Scoops (inn):
Strix scops Linn.

Hakodate, Vokohama, Uzen, Nagasaki Suruga.

298. Scops semitorques (Temm. & Schl.). ...... Okonohasuku, Mimi-

zuku, Zuku.

Scops-plumipes (Hume).

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 381

Otus semitorques Temm. & Schl.
Hokkaidö, Hirosaki, Yokohama, Nagasaki,
Suruga, Uzen, Okinawashima.
2992 cops elegans. (Cassin). 2. Riukiu Konohazuku.
Ephialtes elegans Cassin.
Megascops elegans (Cassin).
Amami-Oshima, Okinawashima, Ishigakishima,
Nagasaki.
SUD MSCOPS pryer Gurney. ou... Praier-zuku.

Okinawashima.

Suborder CA PRIMULGI.
Family CAPRIMUIGIDÆ.
Subfamily Caprimulgine.

301. Caprimulgus jotaka Temm. & Schl. ...... Votaka.
Caprimulgus indicus Latham.
Fe kelaarti Blyth.

Suruga, Kai, Hokkaido, Yokohama, Nagasaki.

Suborder CVS EE
Family CYPSELIDE.
Subfamily Chelurine.

302. Chætura caudacuta (Lath.). .................. Hariwo-amatsubame.
Hirundo caudacuta Latham.
Acanthyllis caudacuta (Latham).

s Hakodate, Yokohama, Suruga.

Subfamily Cypseline.

203. Cypselus pacificus (Latham). ............... Amatsubame.
Cypselus australis Gould.

M. OGAWA,

bo
[02]
D

Cypselus vittatus Jard. & Selby.
Eturop, Hakodate, Yokohama, Suruga, Nikkö,

Sagami, Seven Islands.

Suborder PICI,
Family PICIDÆ.

Subfamily Picine,

304. Iyngipicus kisuki (Temm.). .................. Kiushiu-kogera.
Picus kisuki Temm.
Nagasaki.
305. Iyngipicus kisuki seebohmi Hargitt. ...... Kogera.

Iyngipicus kizuki (Temm.).
+ seebohmi Hargitt.
Yungipicus kizuki (Temm.).
E seebohmi Hargitt.
Hokkaido, Hondo.
306. Iyngipicus kisuki nigrescens Seebohm. ... Azwkin Kogera.
Yakushima, Amami-Oshima, Okinawashima.
307. Gecinus:awokera (Tem) em Awokera.
Picus awokera Temm.
Yokohama, Suruga, Nagasaki.
808. Gecinus canus (Gmelin)s ser Yamagera.
Picus canus Gmelin.

n » yessoensis Stejn.

Hokkaido,
309) "Picusmartius Linn 6.71% cS eee Kumagera.
Dryocopus martius (Linn.).
Hokkaido,
310. Picus major japonicus (Seeb.). nn. Akagera.

Deadrocopus japonicus (Seeb.).

311.

312.

313.

314.

315.

317.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 383

Dryobates japonicus (Seeb.).
Dryobates gouldii Stejneger.
Kurile Is., Hakodate, Nikkö, Yokohama, Suru-
ga, Kai.
Preussminer Binn. in aeeeeraeees Ko-akagera.
Dendrocopus minor (Linn.).
2 quadrifasciatus (Radde).
Dryobates minor (Linn.).
Hokkaido.
Picus leuconotus Bechstein. .................. 20 Ö-akagera.
Dendrocopus leuconotus (Bechst.).
Dryobates leucotos (Bechst.).
Hokkaido.
Picus leuconotus subcirris (Stejn.). ... O-akagera, Onigera.
Dryobates subcirris Stejn.
Dendrocopus subcirris (Stejn.).
Suruga, Nikko.
Picusimamiyel (Stejn.); 2.2... Namiye-gera.
Dryobates namiyei Stejn.
Dendrocopus namiyei (Stejn.).

Yamato (Terra typica).

Picus noguchiiSecbohm: i; Noguchi-gera.
Okinawashima (Terra typica).
Picasso wstonpOgawal iii Owston-gera.
Amami-Oshima (Terra typica),
Bieustniehardsi (Tristram)... a mes. Amanojakuma, Kita-
taki,

Dryobates richardsi Tristram.
Dryocopus richardsi Tristram.
Thriponax richardsi (Tristram).

Tsushima (Terra typica).

384 M. OGAwa.

Subfamily Fynginee.

318. Mynztorsuilla Linn: CRM Arisut.
Jynx torquilla Linn.

Hokkaido, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Suruga.

Order PASSERIFORMES.
Group PASSERES ANISOMYODZ.
Division CLAMATORES.
Family PITTIDA:.

319. Pitta nympha Tenmi@ Scheer: i Yaircchö, Akadanna,
Yarrotsugumi.

Buzen, Inaba.

Group PASSERES DIACROMYODA.
Division OSCINES,
Family ALAUDIDA,

320. Alauda arvensis japonica Temm. & Schl. ... 70072.
Alauda japonica Temm. & Schl.
o arvensis Linn,
cantarella Bp.
leiopus vel orientalis Hodgs.
triborhyncha Hodgs.
na guttata Brooks.
Kurile Is., Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu.
321. Alauda arvensis pekinensis Swinh. ...... Ohibari, Chishina-
hibari.
Alauda pekinensis Swinh.
blakistoni Stejn.
Kurile Is., Musashi, Shikoku.

”

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 385

dee. Alaudaalpestris Linn. ..;.... en: Hamahibari.
Phileremos rufescens Brehm.
Eremophila alpestris alpestris (Linn.).
Otocoris alpestris (Linn.).
Kurile Islands.

Family MOTACILLIDE.
Subfamily Motacilline.

223. Motacilla flava leucostriata Homeyer. ... Tsumenagasekirei.
Motacilla taivana (Swinh.).
n; flava taivanus (Swinh.).
Budytes flavus taivanus Seeb.
Li taivanus Swinh.
er melanotis Swinh.
m flavus (Linn.).
Motacilla flava (Linn.).
Kurile Is., Musashi, Suruga, Okinawashima.
324. Motacilla boarula melanope (Pallas). ...... Kisekirei.
Motacilla melanope Pallas.
er boarula Linn.
4 sulphurea Bechst.
+ bistrigata Raffles.
Le xanthoschista Hodgson.
Budytes Novæ-Guineæ Meyer.
Calobates melanops Ball.
Pallenura javensis Bonaparte.
Kurile Is., Hokkaidö, Hondo, Kiushu, Tanega-
shima, Yakushima, Amami-Oshima, Kikaiga-
shima, Okinawashima.
325. Motacilla alba leucopsis (Gould). rare Hojiro-sckirei.
Motacilla leucopsis Gould.
sa felix Swinh.

| „ var. sechunensis Swinh.

386 M. OGAWA.

Motacilla francisci Swinh.
i frontata Swinh.
Tsushima (Terra typica).
326. Motacilla alba lugens Kittl. .................. Hakusekirei.
Motacilla lugens Pallas.
n albeola var. camtschatica Pall.
” leucoptera Zander.
5 japonica Swinh,
3 kamtschatica Stejneger.
È amurensis Seebohm.
me blakistoni Seebohm.
SI mutabilis Blakiston.
Kurile Is., Hokkaidö, Hondo, Kiushü, Tsushi-
ma, Tanegashima, Yakushima, Ishigakishima.
327. Motacilla japonica Swinh. .................. Seguro-sekirei.
Motacilla grandis Sharpe.
rf lugubris Temm.
Hokkaiko, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Suruga, Kai.
328. Dendronanthus indica (Gmelin). ............ Iwami-sekirei, Yoko-
Furisekirei.
Limonidromus indicus (Gmelin).
Matacilla indica Gmelin.
si variegata Vieillot.

Bonin Islands, Suruga.

Subfamily Anthine.

329. Anthus maculatus Hodgson. ............... Binzui, Kihibari, Ma-

tsuhi.
Anthus agilis Sykes.

Hokkaidö, Yokohama, Suruga, Nagasaki, Ishi-
gakishima.
330. Anthus cervinus (Pallas). ..................., Muneaka-tahibari.
Matacilla cervina Pallas.

Kurile Is., Loochoo Is.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 387

331. Anthus spinoletta japonicus (T. & S.)...... Tahibari, Inuhi,
Anthus spinoletta Linn.
» pratensis japonicus T. & S.
» japonicus T. & S.
Kurile Is., Hokkaido, Suruga, Kiushu, Tanega-

shima, Tsushima.

Family PYCNONOTIDE.

332. Hypsipetes amaurotis (Temminck).......... Hiyodori.
Turdus amaurotis Temminck.
Hokkaido, Hondo, Riukiu, Tsushima, Seven
Islands, Tanegashima, Yakushima, Okinawa-
shima, Ishigakishima.
333. Hypsipetes amaurotis hensoni Stejn. ...... Vezo-hiyodori.
Hokkaido.
334. ? Hypsipetes amaurotis stejnegeri Hartert.
Ishigakishima, Iriomoteshima.
335. ? Hypsipetes amaurotis ogawe Hartert.
Amami-Oshima.
336. Hypsipetes amaurotis pryeri (Stejn.) ...... Riukiu-hiyodori.
Hypsipetes pryeri Stejn.
Okinawashima, Iheyashima, Jamamishima.
337. Hypsipetes amaurotis squamiceps (Kittl.) Ogasawara-hiyodori.
Hypsipetes squamiceps (Kittl.).
Oriolus squamiceps Kittlitz,

Bonin Islands,

Family MUSCICAPIDLE.

338. Muscicapa sibirica Gmelin. .................. Samebitaki.
Hemichelidon sibirica (Gmelin).

x fuliginosa Hodgson.

388 M. OGAWA.

Muscicapa sibirica sibirica Gmelin.
Hokkaido, Suruga.
339. Muscicapa latirostris Raffles). ............... Kosamebitaki.
Alseonax latirostris (Raffles).
Muscicapa cinereo-alba Temm. & Schl.
Kurile Is., Hokkaido, Yokohama, Suruga,
Nagasaki.
340. Muscicapa luteola (Pall)... Mugimaki, Kotsuba-
me.
Musicapa mugimaki Temm.
Siphia luteola (Pall.).
Poliomyias luteola (Pall.).
Bs ferruginea (Gmel.).
Motacilla luteola Pall.
Ficedula ferruginea (Gmel.).
Hokkaido, Tateyama (Shimosa), Nagasaki,
Tanegashima.
341. Hemichelidon griseisticta (Swinhe). ...... Vezobitaki.
Muscicapa greseisticta Swinhce.
Butalis hypogrammica Wallace.
Hakodate, Kurile Is.
342. Xanthopygia narcissina (Temm.). ......... Kibitaki.
Muscicapa narcissina narcissina Temm.
Zanthopygia chrysophrys Blyth.
Hokkaidö, Nikkö, Suruga, Kiushiu, Musashi,
343. Zanthopygia owstoni Bangs. ............... Riukiu-kibitaki.
Muscicapa narcissina owstoni (Bangs).
Ishigakishima, Iriomoteshima.
344. ? Muscicapa narcissina jakushima Hartert. Yakushima-kibitaki.
Yakushima.
345. Niltava cyanomelæna (Temm.). ............ Öruri.
Cyanoptila cyanomelæna (Temm.).
m bella (A. Hay.).

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 389

Muscicapa cyanomelana Temm.
» gularis Temm. & Schl.
Hakodate, Suruga, Nagasaki.
346. Terpsiphone princeps (Temm.). ...... ..... Sankö-chö, Sanko.
Muscipeta principalis Temm. & Schl.
n princeps Temm.
Tchitrea princeps princeps (Temm.).
Suruga, Nagasaki, Loochoo ?
347. Terpsiphone:illex Bangs. ....:............... Riukiu-sankocho.
Tchitrea princeps illex (Bangs).
Amami-Oshima, Kikaigashima, Okinawashima,

Ishigakishima, Iriomoteshima.

Family TURDIDE.
Subfamily Turdine.

Sen Porous tuscatus Palli +... ade: Tsugumi.
Turdus dubius Bechst,
>» eunomus Temm.
Merula fuscata (Pall.).
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu, Hachijojima, Iki,
Tsushima, Tanegashima.
349. Turdus naumanni Temm. ..................... Hachijo-tsugumi, A-
kajinai.
Merula naumanni (Temm.).
Musashi, Tsushima, Okinawashima, Hakodate,
Yokohama.
350. Turdus hortulorum Sclater. .................. Kara-akahara.
Turdus campbelli Swinh.
5 chrysopleurus.
» pelios Bp.

Merula hortulorum (Sclater).

Japan.

390

351.

352.

353.

354.

300.

356.

357.

358.

M. OGAWA.

Turdus chrysolaus Ten 7 Akahara.
Merula chrysolaus (Temm.).
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiu-shiu, Tanegashima, Oki-
nawashima, Ishigakishima.
Turdus obscurus Go ee en eee Mamichajinai.
Merula obscura (Gm.).
Turdus pallens Pall.
Yokohama, Tate-yama (Bösiu), Nagasaki, Tane-
gashima, Okinawashima, Ishigakishima.
Turdus celenops Stein... res Akakokko.
Merula celzenops Stejn.).
Seven Islands (Terra typica), Suruga ! !
Turdus celenops yakushimensis Ogawa. Yakushima-akakokko.
Yakushima (Terra typica).
Turdus pallidus Gmel. ................. He, Shirohara, Yabucho-
MA.
Merula pallida (Gm.).
Turdus daulias Temm.
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiusiu, Tanegashima, Yaku-
shima, Amami-Oshima, Okinawashima, Ishiga-
kishima, Tsushima.
Turdus cardis Temmi 2 Re ere Kurotsugumi.
Merula cardis (Temm.).
Hokkaidö, Hondo, Kiushiu.
Turdus'sibiricus Pallas. See ee Mamijiro.
Turdus bechsteinii Naumann.
Geocichla sibirica (Pallas).
Cichloselys sibiricus (Pall.).
Kötsuke, Suruga.
Geocichla varia (Pall)... Toratsugumi, Nuyeji-
nai.
Turdus whitei Eyton.

» varius Pall.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 391

Oreocincla aurea (Hol.).

Oreocichla varia (Pall.).

ii hancei Swinh.
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu, Hachijöshima,
Tanegashima.
359. Geocichla major Ogawa. ..................... O-toratsugumi.

Amami-Oshima (Terra typica).
360. Geocichla terrestris (Kittl.). .................. Ogasawaragwabichò.
Turdus terrestris Kittlitz.
Bonin Islands (Terra typica).
361. Monticola solitarius (P. L. S. Müll.). ...... Zsokiyodori.
Monticola cyanus solitaria (Müll.).

i manillensis (Gmelin).
si manilla (Bodd.).
5 solitaria (Müll.).

Turdus cyanus Linn.
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu, Seven Is., Tsushima,
Tanegashima, Yakushima, Amami-Oshima,
Kikaigashima, Tokunoshima, Okinawashima,
Ishigakishima.

362. Accentor erythropygius (Sw.). ............... Iwahibari.
Accentor alpinus erythropygius (Sw.).
> alpinus (Gmelin).

Motacilla alpina Gmelin.

Fuji-yama.
363. Accentor montanellus (Pallas). ............... Vamahibari.
Accentor temmincki Brandt.
Hokkaido.
364. Accentor rubidus (Temm. & Schl.). ......... Kayakuguri, Osazat.

Accentor fervidus Sharpe.
Prunella rubida (T. & S.).
Hokkaidö, Suruga,
365. Ruticilla aurorea (Gmelin). .................. Jobitaki.

392

366.

367.

368.

369.

370.

371.

372.

373.

M. OGAWA.

Motacilla aurorea Gmelin.
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu.

Pratincola maura (Pallas). .................. Nobitaki.
Pratincola indica Blyth.
Motacilla maura Pallas.
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu, Tanegashima,
Yakushima, Kurile Islands.
Erithacus komadori (Temm.). ............... Akahige.
Sylvia komadori Temm.
Icoturus komadori (Temm.).
Amami-Oshima, Tokunoshima, Iriomoteshima.
Erithacus namiyei (Stejn.). i... Hontö-akahige.
Icoturus namiyei Stejn.
Okinawashima (Terra typica).
Erithacus akahige (Temm.). ............... Komadori.
Sylvia akahige Temm.
Icoturus akahige (Temm.).
Shimotsuke, Suruga, Nagasaki, Seven Islands,
Yakushima,
Erithacus sibilans (Sw.). ................ i Shimagoma.
Japan.
Erithacus calliope (Pallas). .................. Nogoma.
Motacilla calliope Pallas.
Melodes calliope (Pallas).
Calliope camtschatkensis (Gmelin).
Kurile Is., Yokohama, Nagasaki, Suruga, Tane-
gashima, Yakushima, Iriomoteshima.
Erithacus cyaneus (Pallas). .................. Koruri,
Motacilla cyane Pallas.
Larvivora cyane (Pallas).
Hokkaido, Nikko, Fuji.
Tarsiger cyanurus (Pallas). ............ … Ruribitaki.

Motacilla cyanurus Pall,

374.

375.

376.

377.

378.

379.

380.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 393

Nemura cyanura (Pall.).

Ianthina cyanura (Pall.).
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu, Tanegashima,
Yakushima, Amami-Oshima, Okinawashima, Iki,

Tsushima,

Subfamily Sylviine.

Locustella fasciolata (Gray). ............... Yezo-senniu, Karahu-
to-hototogisu.
Acrocephalus insularis Wallace.
5 fasciolatus Gray.
Hokkaido, Ishigakishima.
Locustella lanceolata (Temm.). _............
Sylvia lanceolata Temm.
Hokkaido.
Locustella ochotensis (Midd.). ............... Shima-senniu,
Locustella subcerthiola Swinhæ,
Acrocephalus dybowski Ridg.
E blakistoni.
Sylvia ochotensis Middendorff.
Kurile Is., Hokkaido, Suruga.
Locustella pleskei (Tacz.). ..................
Suruga.
Acrocephalus orientalis (Temm. & Schl.)... Ö-yoshikiri, Yoshiwa-
ra-suzume, Gyogyosin.
Salicaria turdina orientalis T, & S.
Hokkaido, Hondo, Okinawashima.
Acrocephalus bistrigiceps Swinhee. ......... Koyoshikiri.
Acrocephalus maacki (Schrenck).
Hokkaidö, Hondo, Kiushiu.
Cisticola eisticola Sharpe. ..................... Sekka, Konohadori,

Shibamogurt.

394

381.

382.

383.

384.

385.

386.

387.

M. OGAWA,

Cisticola brunneiceps T. & S.
pi cisticola brunneiceps (T. & S.).
»cursitans (Franklin),
Salicaria cisticola Temm.
Hondo, Kiushiu, Oshima (Izu)., Okinawashima,

Miyakoshima, Ishigakishima, Iriomoteshima.

Lusciniola pryeri (Seebohm). ............... Osekka.
Tokyo, Yokohama.
Lusciniola fuscata (Blyth.). ..................
Japan.
Cettia squamiceps (Sw.). ....ireerniionee Yabusame, Kawari-
uguisu.

Tribura squameiceps Sw.
Urosphena squamiceps Sw.
Horornis squamiceps (Sw.).
Calamodyta squamiceps (Sw.).
Hokkaidö, Fuji-yama.
Cettia ussuriana Seebohm. .................. Shiwosasat.
Urophlexis ussuriana (Seeb,).
Suruga, Yakushima,
Cettia cantans (Temm. & Schl.). ............ Uguisu.
Salicaria cantans T. & S.
cantillans T. & S.
Hokkaidö, Hondo, Oshima (Isu), Kiusiu, Tane-

gashima, Yakushima, Amami-Oshima, Okinawa-

LE]

shima, Ishigakishima.
Cettia diphone (Kittlitz). ..................... Ogasawara-uguisu.
Sylvia diphone Kittlitz.
Bonin Islands.
Phylloscopus xanthodryas Swinhe. ...... Meboso.
Acanthopneuste lugubris (Blyth.).
xanthodryas (Sw.).
borealis xanthodryas (Sw.).

LE

LL

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN

Phillopneuste trinotaria David.
a xanthodryas (Sw.).
Sylvia xanthodryas (Sw.).
Phillopseute borealis xanthodryas (Sw.).
Kurile Is., Hokkaido, Hondo.

388. Phylloscopus tenellipes Swinh. ............ Veso-mushikui.
Phyllopseustes tenellipes (Sw.).
Acanthopneuste tenellipes (Sw.).
Hokkaidö.
389. Acanthopneuste borealis (Blasius). ......... Komushikui.
Phylloscopus borealis (Blas.).
E. sylvicultrix Sw.
5 kennicotti Baird.
Phyllopneuste borealis Blasius,
Phyllopseuste borealis (Blas.).
Kurile Is,, Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu.

390. Acanthopneuste ijimæ Stejneger. ......... Ijima-meboso.
Seven Islands (Terra typica).

391. Phylloscopus coronatus (Temm.). ......... Sendai-mushikui.

Ficedula coronata T. & S.

Sylvia coronata (T. & S.).

Phyllopseuste coronata (T.).

Phyllopneuste coronata (T.).
Hokkaido, Fuji-yama.

392. Regulus cristatus orientalis Seeb. ......... Kikuitadaki.
Regulus cristatus Koch.
» japonicus Bonaparte.

japonensis Blakiston.
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu.

29

395

396

393.

394.

395.

396.

397.

398.

939.

400.

M. OGAWA.

Family CINCLIDFE.

Cinclus'pallasi Temm. 7. Kawagarasu, Sawa-

garası.

Hokkaidö, Hondo, Kiushiu.

Family TROGLODYTIDE.

Troglodytes fumigatus Temm. ...,. ER Misosazat.
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu.

Troglodytes fumigatus kurilensis Stejn. ... Chishöuna-misosazai.
Kurile Islands.

Family HIRUNDINIDÆ.

Chelidon dasypus Bonaparte. ............... watsubame, I7pama-
ki-tsubame.
Chelidon blakistoni Swinhoe.
Hirundo dasypus (Bonaparte).
Hokkaido, Yokohama, Nikko, Fuji-yama.
Hirundo alpestris nipalensis (Hodgs.). ... Aoskiaka-tsubame,
Tokkuri-tsubame.
Yokohama, Omi, Chikuzen, Yakushima.
Hirundo javanica namiyei (Stejn.). ......... Riu-kiu-tsubame.
Chelidon namiyei Stejn.
Okinawashima, Tokunoshima, Amami-Oshima.
Hirundo rustica gutturalis (Scop.). ...... Tsubame, Tsubakuro.
Hirundo gutturalis Scop.
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu, Bonin Is., Ishigaki-
shima.
Hirundo striolata Temm. & Schl. .........
Cecropis striolata Boie.

Lilla striolata Hume.

Japan.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 397

Gh Cotllerriparia (Linn). .... ra Shödö-tsubame, Suna-
muguri-tsubame,
Hirundo riparia Linn.
Hokkaido, Yokohama.
Family CAMPEPHAGIDZ.

402. Pericrocotus cinereus Lafresn. ............... Sanshokut.
Suruga.

403. Pericrocotus tegim& Stejn, .................. Riukiu-sanshokut.
Tanegashima, Yakushima, Amami-Oshima, Oki-
nawashima, Ishigakishima, Iriomoteshima,

Family AMPELIDLE.

404. Ampelis garrulus Linn. ....................... Kirenjaku.
Hokkaidö, Yokohama, Suruga, Nagasaki.

405. Ampelis japonicus Seebohm. ............... Hirenjaku.

Ampelis japonica (Siebold).

» Phoenicoptera (Temm.).

Bombycivora japonica Siebold.

Bombycilla phoenicoptera T. & S.
Hokkaidö, Yokohama, Nagasaki, Suruga, Oki-
nawashima.

Family LANIIDA.

Subfamily Laniinee.

406. Lanius sphenocercus Cabanis. ............... Okaramozu.
Kobe ?

AQT] Tansemajor Pallas. 5... O-mozu.

Lanius borealis Vieill.
Hokkaido.

398

408.

409.

410.

411.

412.

413.

414.

M. OGAWA.

Lanius magnirostris Lesson. ... ........... Chigomozu, Toramo-
zu.
Yokohama, Fuji-yama, Nikko, Tsushima.
Lanius superciliosus Latham. ............... Akamozu.
Otomela superciliosa (Lath.).
Hokkaido, Yokohama, Suruga, Kai.
Lanius lucionensis Linn. ..................... Riukiumozu, Shima-

INOZU.
Otomela lucionensis (Linn.).
Loochoo Islands.
Lanius bucephalus T. &S. ............... .. Mozu.
Hokkaidö, Hondo, Kiushiu, Tsushima, Tanega-
shima, Yakushima, Amami-Oshima, Ishigaki-

shima.

Family SITTIDÆ.

Sitta cæsia amurensis (Swinh.) ............. Gojukara, Kimawari,
Sitta amurensis Swinh.
„ Cæsia Wolf.
„ €uropzea amurensis Swihn.
Kurile Is., Hokkaido, Nikkö, Fujiyama, Yoko-
hama.
Sitta cæsia uralensis (Lichtenstein). ...... Shirohara-kımawari.
Sitta uralensis Licht.
„ asiatica Temm,
„ europea uralensis Glog.
» baicalensis Taczanowski.
„ amurensis clara Stejn.
» bifasciata Madarasz.
Hokkaido.
Sitta cæsia albifrons (Tacz.). ............... Shérobitai-kimawart.

Sitta albifrons Tacz.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 399

Sitta amurensis albifrons (Tacz.).
Hokkaido.

Family PARIDÆ.

415. Parus major okinawe Hartert. ............ Okinawa-gara.

Okinawashima.

416. Parus commixtus Swinhoe. ............... .. Riukwu-shijukara.
Parus major commixtus Sw.
„ minor commixtus (Sw.).
» minor Seebohm.
Amami-Oshima, Tokunoshima, Vagachishima,

Okinawashima, Ishigakishima, Iriomoteshima.

17, Parus major minor. T-. & S. ...........e Shijukara.
Parus minor T. & S.
» atriceps minor (T. & S.).
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu, Amami-Oshima,
Tokunoshima.
418: ‚Parus varius varius T.& S. ...... ult Vamagara.
Parus varius T. & S.
„ sieboldi Seebohm.
„ rubidus Blakiston,
Hokkaido, Hondo, Tsushima, Oshima (Izu),

Tanegashima, Yakushima, Amami-Oshima, Oki-

nawa Is.
419. Parus varius owstoni (Ijima.) ............... Owstongara.
Parus owstoni Ijima.
Miyakeshima.
420. Parus varius castaneoventris (Gould). ... Tacwangara.

Parus castaneoventris Gould.
„ cinnamoneiventris Gray.

Okinawashima.

400 M. OGAWA.

421: "Parus '‘ateriLinn:......;.. AE Higara.
Parus ater pekinensis Seeb.
Hokkaidö, Hondo, Yakushima, Loochoo Is.

422. Parus ater insularis Hellmayr. ............ Shima-higara.
Suruga (Terra typica).
423. Parus palustris hensoni Stejn. ............ Hensongara.
Parus hensoni Stejneger.

Hokkaido, Iturup.

424. Parus palustris japonicus Seeb. ............ Kogara.
Parus palustris Linn.
» dresseri Stejn.
» meridionalis Liljeborg.
», borealis restrictus Hellmayr.
» atricapillus restrictns Hellm.
Kurile Is., Hokkaidö, Hondo.

425. Parus atricapillus baicalensis (Sw.). ...... Yezo-kogara.
Parus baicolensis Swinh«.
INaCtUfA AC
Peecile baicalensis Sw.

Peecilia palustris macroura Tacz.

Hokkaido.

426. Parus stejnegeri Bangs. ......... ee Ishigakigara.
Ishigakishima.

427. “Parus cyanùs: Pallas. O Rurigara.
Japan.

428. Acredula caudata (Linn.), ..................... Shima-cnaga.

Acredula macrura Seeb.

RE caudato sibirica Seeb.
Parus caudatus Linn,
Aegithalos caudatus caudatus (L.).

fi caudatus (L.).

Aegithalus caudatus japonica Prozak.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 401

Paroides pinetorum Brehm.
Hokkaido.
429. . Acredula trivirgata (T. & S.). ............:.. Enaga,
Parus trivirgata T. & S.
Aegithalos trivirgatus (T. & S.).
Hondo, Kiushiu.
430. Aegithalus consobrinus Swinh«. ............ Swinhogara.
Aegithalus pendulinus (Linn.).
Remiza consobrina (Sw.).

Nagasaki,

Family ORIOLIDE.

431. -Oviolus indicus Jerdon. ............... nu... Korai-uguisu, Wöcho.
Oriolus diffusus Sharpe.
5 sinensis Swains.
Euchlorites chinensis Heine.

indicus Heine.

Japan.

”

Family PLOCEID.E.

432. Munia atricapilla (Vieill.). .................. ZAN
Loxia atricapilla Vieill.
Coccothraustes atricapilla Vieill.
Munia rubronigra Hodgs.
Suwa (Shinano).

Family CORVID®.
Subfamily Corvine.

433. Corvus macrorhynchus japonensis Bp. ... Hashibutogarasu.
Corvus macrorhynchos Wagler.

»» japonensis Bonaparte.

402 er M. OGAWA.

Corvus macrorhynchus Wagler.
> » japonensis Bp.
» culminatus Sykes.
sinensis Horsf. & Moore.
Kurile Is., Hokkaidö, Hondo, Kiushiu, Tsushi-

ma, Tanegashima, Okinawashima, Yakushima.

»”

434. Corvus macrorhynchus levaillanti Less... Aıukiu-hashibutoga-
rası.
Corvus levaillanti Less.
Tsushima, Tanegashima, Yakushima, Okinawa-
shima, Miyakoshima, Ishigakishima.
435. Corvus macrorhynchus osai Ogawa. ...... Osagarasu.
Okinawashima, Ishigakishima, Iriomoteshima.
436. Corvus corone Linn. Hashibosogarasu.
Corvus corone corone Linn.
subcorone Brehm.
hiemalis Brehm.
assimilis Brehm.
andayensis Olphe-Galliard.
Kurile Is., Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu, Tsu-

shima.
437. Corvus corone orientalis Eversm. ......... Sa ae ee
Corvus orientalis Eversm.
Japan.
438. GCorvusicorax Linn.’ wre CEL Watarigarasu.

Corvus corax corax Linn.

5; maximus Scopoli.

clericus Sparrm.

sylvestris Brehm.
peregrinus Brehm.
ra littoralis Brehm.

montanus Brehm.
Kurile Islands.

”

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 403

439. Corvus dauricus: Pall.. ..cccccccconccceascevess Kokumarugarasu.
Corvus capitalis Wagler.
Coloeus dauricus (Pall.).
Hokkaido, Nagasaki?, Yokohama ?
440. Corvusmeglectus Schl. .......n nennen. ever. _
Coloeus neglectus (Schl.).
Nagasaki, Osaka.
441. Corvus pastinator Gould. ..................... Miyamagarasu.
Corvus frugiiegus pastinator Gould.
Tokyo, Yokohama, Nagasaki.
442. Nucifraga caryocatactes japonicus Hartert. Hoshigarasu, Take-

garası.
Nucifraga caryocatactes (Linn.).

Hokkaidö, Suruga.
443. Cyanopica cyane (Pall.). ..................... Onagadori, Onaga.
Cyanopica cyanus cyanus (Pall.).
Pr pallasi Bp.
Cyanopolius cyanus (Pall.).
Corvus cyanus Pall.

Yokohama, Kai, Suruga.

Family GARRULINA.

444. Pica pica sericea Gould. ..................... Kasasagi, Hisenga-

rası.
Pica sericea Gould.

» Varia japonica Schl.
„ pica media (Blyth.).
Kiushiu.
445. Pica caudata kamtschatica (Stejn.). ...... Chishima Kasasagı.
Pica kamtschatica Stejn.
„ bactriana Bonaparte.
» leucoptera Gould.
» pica bactriana Bp.
Kurile Islands.

404 M. OGAWA,

446. Garrulus lidthi Bonaparte. .................. Rurikakesu.
Amami-Oshima (Terra typica),
447. Garrulus brandti Eversmann, ............... Miyamakakesu.
Garrulus glandarius brandti Eversm.
Hokkaido,
448. Garrulus japonicus T. Serge Kakesu, Kashidori.

Garrulus glandarius japonicus Schlegel.
Hondo, Kiushiu.
449. Garrulus sinensis Gould. ............,........ Karakakesu.
Hizen, Nagasaki.

Family STURNID®.

450. Sturnus cineraceus Temm. .......:.... 020... Mukudori.
Spodiopsar cineraceus (Temm.).
Acridotheres cineraceus (Temm.).
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu, Amami-Oshima.
451. Sturnia violacea (Bodd.)... eee Komukudori, Shima-
mukudori.
Sturnia ruficollis (Wagler).
» pyrrhogenys (T. & S.).
55 dominicana Salvad.
Pastor ruficollis Wagler.
Lamprotornis pyrrhogenys T. & S.
Motacilla violacea Boddaert.
Kurile Is., Hokkaidö, Hondo (Fuji-yama), Kiu-
shiu, Okinawashima, Ishigakishima, Iriomote-
shima.
459. Sturnia sinensis (Gm.). ali … Karamukudori.
Japan.

453.

454.

455.

456.

457.

458.

459.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 405

Family ZOSTEROPIDLE.

Zosterops japonica Ts &S. er Mejiro.
Zosterops japonicus T, & S.
palpebrosa japonicus T. & S.
Hokkaido, Hondo, Oshima (Izu), Tsushima.
Zosterops japonica insularis Ogawa. ...... Shéma-mesiro.

”

Tanegashima, Yakushima.
Zosterops palpebrosa loochooensis Tristr. Azwkiu-mejiro.
Zosterops loochooensis Tristram.
3; palpebrosa nicobarica (Blyth.).
Amami-Oshima, Kikaigashima, Tokunoshima,
Okino-Erabushima, Okinawashima, Ishigaki-
shima, Iriomoteshima.
Zosterops palpebrosa stejnegeri Seeb. ... Aichitö-mejiro.
Zosterops stejnegeri Seebohm.
Seven Islands (Izu).
Zosterops erythropleurus Swinhoe. ...... Chösenmejiro, Kome-
Jiro.
Japan.
Hapalopteron familiare (Kittlitz). ......... Ogasawara-mejiro.
Ixos familiaris Kittlitz.

Bonin Island.

Family CERTHIIDE.

Certhia familiaris familiaris Linn. ......... A ee
Certhia familiaris Linn.
» scandulaca Pall.
» septentrionalis Brehm.
» longicauda Reichenbach.
» Aasciata David.

» familiaris candida Hartert.

406

460.

461.

462.

463.

464.

465.

M. OGAWA.
Motacilla scolopacina Ström.
Kurile Is., Hokkaido.
Certhia familiaris japonica Hartert. ...... Kibashiri.
Hondo,
Family FRINGILLID-E.
Coccothraustes vulgaris japonicus T. & S.... Size.
Coccothraustes vulgaris Pallas.
» japonicus Sharpe.
D coccothraustes japonicus T. & S.
Loxia coccothraustes Linn.
Hokkaidö, Hondo, Kiushiu.
Eophona personata (T. & S.). ............... Ikaru, Mamemawva-
shi.
Eophona personatus personatus (T. & S.).
Coccothraustes personatus T. & S.
Hokkaido, Yokohama, Fujiyama, Nagasaki,
Suruga.
Eophona melanura migratoria Hartert. ... Rrkusen-ikaru.
Rikuzen.
Eophona melanura melanura (Gm.). ...... Ao-ikaru, Shima-ika-
ru.
Loxia melanura Gmelin.
Coccothraustes melanurus (Gm.).
Hiuga.
Loxia curvirostra curvirostra Linn. ...... Isuka.

Loxia curvirostra Linn.

europaea McGillivray.

LE]

» rubrifasciata Bonap. & Schl.
Crucirostra abietina Meyer,
erythroptera Brehm.

Kurile Is., Hokkaidö, Suruga, Nagasaki, Shi-

LE

nano.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF.JAPAN 497

466. Loxia curvirostra albiventris Sw. ......... Shivohara-isuka.
Loxia albiventris Swinhoe.

curvirostra japonica Ridgway.
Hokkaido.

467. Chaunoproctus ferreirostris (Vigors). ...... Ogasawara-mashiko.

Fringilla papa Kittlitz.

”

Coccothraustes ferreirostris Vigors. :
Bonin Islands.
468. Pinicola enucleator (Linn.). .................. Ginzan-mashiko.
Loxia enucleator Linn.
Hokkaidö, Kurile Islands.
469. Carpodacus roseus (Pall). ... .............. Omashiko.
Fringilla rosea Pallas.
Hokkaido, Tokio, Uzen, Tateyama, Nagasaki.

470. Carpodacus erythrinus (Pall.). ............... Akamashiko.
Pyrrhula erythrina Pallas. Re!
Japan.
471. Carpodacus sanguinolentus (T. & S,)....... ‘Benimashiko, Saru-
‘ mashiko.

Pyrrhula sanguinolenta T. & S.
Uragus sibirica sanguinolenta (T. &:S.).
» sanguinolentus (T. & S.).
Kurile Is., Hokkaido, Awomori, Yokohama,
Suruga.
472. Chrysomitris spinus (Linn.). ............... Mahiwa.
Chrysomitris dybowski Taczanowski.
Acanthis spinus (Linn.).
Fringilla spinus Linn.
EN fasciata Müller.
Spinus viridis Koch,
„ alnorum Brehm.
» medius Brehm.

» betularum Brehm.

408 a en M. OGAWA.

Spinus obscurus Brehm.
„ Spinus (Linn.).
Hokkaidö, Hondo, Kiushiu, Okinawashima.
473. Fringilla montifringilla Linn. ............... Atori.
Fringilla lulensis Linn.
È major borealis Brehm.
A montifringilla alticeps A. Brehm.
si septentrionalis Brehm.
Hokkaido, Awomori, Suruga, Yokohama, Naga-
saki, Kötsuke, Bonin Islands, Loochoo.
474. Acanthis linaria holboellii (Brehm). ...... Benthizwa.
Acanthis flammea holboelli (Brehm).
/Egiothus linaria Linn,
Ægiotus borealis Swinhoe.
Linota linaria (Linn.).
„ canescens (Gould).
» rufescens Viell.?
Linaria holboellii Brehm.
„ i alnorum Brehm.
» longirostris Brehm.
» brunnescens Homeyer.
, robustra Brehm.
» :.Canigularis Brehm.
Fringilla linaria Linn.
» . …» magnirostris Holmgren,
Hokkaido, Yokohama, Shimosa, Owari, Kaga,
Nagasaki.
475. Acanthis hornemanni exilipes (Coues). ...
Linaria sibirica Homeyer.
» pallescens Homeyer.
Aegiothus exilipes Coues,
North Japan.
476. Fringilla kawarahiba major T. & S.

Ann Okawarahiwa.

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 409

Fringilla kawarahiba Temm,
Chloris sinica kawarahiba (Temm.).
». kawarahiba (Temm.),
Ligurinus kawarahiba (T. & S.).
Kurile Islands, Hokkaide, Hondo, Kiushiu.

477. Fringilla kawarahiba minor T. & S. ...... Kokawarahiwa.
Chloris sinica minor (T. & S.).
» sinica Sharpe.
» kawarahiba minor (T. & S.).
Ligurinus sinicus (Linn.).
Fringilla sinica Linn.
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu.
478. Fringilla kittlitzi Seebohm. .................. Ogasawara-kawara-
hiwa.
Chloris kittlitzi (Seeb.).
Bonin Islands.
479. Montifringilla brunneinucha (Brandt). ... Hagimashiko.
Leucosticte brunneinucha (Brandt).
Fringilla (Linaria) brunneinucha Brandt.
Kurile Is., Hokkaidö, Shinano,

480. Pyrrhula griseiventris Lafr. .................. Niwot-uso, Uso.
Pyrrhula pyrrhula griseiventris Lafr.
DA rosacea Tacz.
Kurile Is., Suruga, Hokkaido.

481. Pyrrhula rosacea Seebohm. .................. Aka-uso, Teri-uso.
Pyrrhula griseiventris rosacea Seeb.
DI orientalis rosacea Seeb,
5 orientalis T. & S.
Hokkaidö, Hondo, Kiushiu.

482. Pyrrhula kurilensis Sharpe. .................. Chishima-uso.
Pyrrhula pyrryhula kurilensis Sharpe.

> griseiventris kurilensis Sharpe.

410 M. OGAWA,

Pyrrhula orientalis kurilensis Seeb.
Kurile Islands.
483. Passer montanus (Linn.). ..................... Susume.
Passer montana montana (Linn.).
, montanina Pall.
„ arboreus Blyth.
Fringilla montana Linn.
> campestris Schrank.
Loxia hamburgia Gmelin.
Pyrgita septentrionalis Brehm.
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu, Tsushima, Tanega-

shima, Yakushima.

484. Passer montanus saturatus Stejn. ......... Riukiu-susume.
Amami-Oshima, Kikaigashima, Okino-Erabu-
shima, Izena, Okinawashima, Miyakoshima,
Ishigakishima.

485. Passerrutilans Temmi ARR Niunat-suzume.

Passer russatus Sas:
» rutilans rutilans (Temm.).
Fringilla rutilans Temm.
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu.

Family EMBERIZIDE.

486. Eimberiza fucata Pall. CR Hoaka.

Emberiza fucata fucata Pall.

as lesbia Gmelin.
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu, Tanegashima,
487. : Emberiza pusilla Palli nee Mivama-matsumushi ?,.
Ko-höaka.
Emberiza durazzi Bonaparte.
Ocyris oinops Hodgson,

Owari, Suruga,

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN AII

488. Emberiza ciopsis Bonaparte. .................. Hojiro, Shotto, Aka-
setto.
Emberiza cioides ciopsis Bp.
» » Ajimze Stejn:
DE ciopsis ijimze Stejn.
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu, Tsushima, Tanega-
shima, Yakushima.
489. Emberiza elegans Temm. ..................... Miyama-höjiro.
Emberiza elegantula Swinhoe.
Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu, Tsushima.
490. Emberiza castaeinceps Moore....... Dt Chosen-hòjiro.
Emberiza cioides castaneiceps Moore.
Tsushima.
491. Emberiza nivalis Linn. ......................... Uki-höjiro.
Emberiza notata P. L. S. Müller.
3 mustelina Gmelin.
Ht montana Gmelin.
hr glacialis Latham.
Passerina nivalis nivalis (L.).
“ » Linnzus.

Plectrophanes hiemalis Brehm.

x borealis Brehm.
A nivalis (Linn.).
Kurile Islands, Hokkaido.
492. Emberiza personata Temm. ............... Awopi.

Emberiza spodocephala personata Temm.
Eturop (Kuriles), Hokkaidö, Hondo, Kiushiu,
Tsushima, Tanegashima, Yakushima, Okinawa-
shima.
493. Emberiza spodocephala Pall. ............... Kara-awoji.
Emberiza spodocephala spodocephala Pall.
5 sordida vel chlorocephala ?

Tokyo, Ishigakishima,

412 M. OGAWA.

494., Eimberiza aureola Pall, "CPR SR | Shima-awoji.
Emberiza dolichonia Bp.
ss selysii Verany.
Passerina collaris Vieillot.
Mirapa flavicollis McClelland.
Euspiza flavogularis Blyth.
Sapporo.
495. Emberiza variabilis Temm. .................. Kuroji.
Zonotrichia musica Kittlitz.

Hokkaido, Hondo, Kiushiu, Tanegashima, Ya-

kushima.
496. Emberiza sulphurata T.&S. ............... Nojiko
Hokkaido, Hondo.
497. Eimberiza rutila Pall. RARA Shima-nojiko, Chösen-
nojiko.
Hokkaido ?
498° Emberiza rustica Pall. eee Kashiradaka, Taho-
Jiro.
Emberiza lesbia Gmelin.
,, borealis Zetterstedt.
Hokkaido, Hondo.
499. Emberiza yessoensis (Swinhoe). ............ Kojurin, Nabek aburi.
Schænicola yessoensis Sw.
Emberiza minor Blakiston.
Hokkaido, Hondo.
500. Emberiza schoniclus Linn Veen: Ojurin, Ojorin.
Emberiza schceniclus palustris (Savi.).
” >» pyrrhulinus Sw.
3 pyrrhulinus Sw.

Pyrrhulorhyncha pyrrhulina.

Schæniclus pyrrhulinus Sw.

Schcenicola pyrrhulina Blakiston & Pryer.
Hokkaido, Hondo,

A HAND-LIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN 413

501. Emberiza lapponica (Linn.). .:.............
Fringilla lapponica Linn,
E calcarata Pall.
Calcarius lapponica lapponica (L.).
Emberiza calcarata Temm.
Plectrophanes groenlandicus Brehm.
Kurile Islands.
502. Emberiza leucocephalos Gm. ......... Shiraga-höjiro.
Emberiza albida Blyth.
si pithyornus Pallas.
3 bonapartii Bonaparte.
= leucocephala Gm.

Sapporo.

INDEX

TO THE

Generic names adopted and the principal

Japanese names used in this list.

DE MA
Acanthis ...
Acanthopneuste
Accentor
Accipter ...
Acredula

Acrocephalus ...

Aegithalus
Aethyia .
ARR
Ahodori ...
Aisa
Ajisashi ...
Akahara
Akahige ...
Alauda
Alca
Alcedo
Aluco

Amatsubame ...

Ampelis ...

Anas

Anous
Anser
Anthus
Aquila
Ardea
Ardetta
Arisui
Astur
Atori
Awobato ...
Awoji
SANA
Lenihiwa
Bingur
Botaurus ...
Brachyrhamphus
Bubo
Lupposo ...
Butastur ...
Buteo
Butorides

Bulweria...

. 369
35
. 386
358
+ 343
- 344
. 384
+ 353
. 408
+ 374
. 4II
. 358
. 408
. 386
+ 344
ee
. 380
- 377
- 354
ve 354
+ 344
839

Caprimulgus
Carpodacus
Carpophaga
Cepphus ...
Certhia
Ceryle
Cettia
Cheetura ...
Chalcophaps
Charadrius
Chaunoproctus
Chelidon ...
Chidori ...

Chögembo

Chrysomitris ...

Chili
Ciconia
Cinclus
Circus
Cisticola ...
Clangula ...
Coccothraustes
Columba ...
Colymbus
Corvus
Cotile
Coturnix ...
Crex
Cuculus ...
Cyanopica
Cygnus
Cypselus ...
Dafila

INDEX,

. 381 | Daizen

. 407 Dendronanthus
375 Diomedia
373 | Emberiza
405 Ænaga
378 Eniconetta
394 Eophona...
3Sı Erithacus
374 | Essai
360. Æfopirica
407 Eurystomus
396 Esoraichò
360 | Falco
355 | Fartercula
407 | Fregata
352 | Fringilla ...
345 | Zukurò
396 | Fulica
352 | Fulmarus
393 | Gallicrex
348 | Gallinago
406 | Gallinula ...
374) Gare
337 Garancho
401 | Garrulus ...
397 | Gecinus
357 | Geocichla
358 | Glareola ...
375 | Gorsagi
403 | Gojukara
352 | Gorsachius
381 | Grise:
348 | Gunkandori

416

Gygis
Hachikui
Hachikuma

Hæmatopus

Hagimashiko ...

Hajiro
Hakucho ...
Halcyon ...

Haliaetus

Hapalopteron ...

Hato
Hayabusa

Hemichelidon ...

Herodias ...
Hibari

Hllerococcyx.....

Hisara
Hirundo ...
Hishikui ...
Histrionicus
Hitaki
Hiyodori
Hoaka
Hojiro
Hototogisu
Hypsipetes
Ibis.
Ikaru
Isohiyodori
Isuka
Jwahibari
Iyngipicus

Iynx

INDEX.

. 370 | Jthishinchò

. 396
302

+ 549

- (387, 391

- 387
AS

Jinai
| Jiuichi

Jobitaki ..

Kaitsuburi
Kakesu

Kakkò

| Kamo

Kamome

Karasu
Karasubato
Karigane
Kasasagı

Kashidori

Kashiradaka ...

Katsuodori

Kawagarası ...

Kawaraliwa ...

Kawasemi
Kawatsu
Kayakuguri
Kera

Keri
Kibashiri
Kibitaki ...
Kihibari ...

Kiji

Kikuitadaki ...

Kımawari
Kiojo
Kiriai
Kitatakt ...

Kitsutsuki

1976
- 389
1270
2,398
(IS

... 404
375

sen 346-350

1308
. 401
375
LISE
. 403.
. 404
A

1240

Kogara
Kojurin ...
Komadori
Yomushihui
Kongarachö
Konohazuku
Konori

Konotori ...

Korai-uguisu ...

Kotsubame
Kuina
Kumataka
Kuroji
Lanius
Larus
Limicola ...
Limnobzenus
Limosa
Lobivanellus
Locustella
Loxia
Lunda

Lusciniola

Macrorhamphus

Mahiwa ...

Mame mazwashi

Mamijiro
Mareca
Mashiko ...
Meboso
Mejiro
Mergus
Merops

INDEX.

Micranous
Mifu-uzura
Milvus
Mimizuku
Misago
Misosazai

Miyakodori

Mizunagidori

Mizunagidori ...

Monticola

Montifringilla ...

Motacilla ...
Mozu
Mugimaki
Muguri ...
Mukudori
Munaguro
Munia
Muscicapa
Nabekö
Nabekaburi
Nannocnus
Nettaichö
Nettion
Niltava
Ninox
Nogan
Nogoma ...
Nojiko
Nosuri
Nucifraga
Numenius

Nyctale

418

Nycticorax

Oceanodroma ...

Oestrelata
Ojurin
O-hamu ...

Oidemia .

Okinokencho. ...

Omushikui
Onagadori
Oriolus
Oruri
Oshidori ...
Otis
Pandion ...
Parus
Passer
Pelecanus
Pericrocotus
Pernis
Phaëthon
Phalacrocorax
Phalaropus
Phasianus

Phoyx

Phylloscopus ...

PCA...
Picus
Pinicola
Pitta
Platalea
Podicipes
Porzana

Pratincola

INDEX.

345 | Procellaria
339 | Puffinus ...
340 | Pyrrhula

. 412 | Querquedula ...
337 | Raichö
349 | Rallus
349 | Regulus ...
375 | Renjyaku ...
403 | Rostratula
401 | Ruri
388 | Ruticilla ...
347 | Sage
359 | Sankö-chö
356 | Sanshokui
399.| Saskiba ...
410 | Scolopax
342 | Scops
397 | Seikei
355 | Sekerei
341 | Sekka
342 | Senniu
364 | Shakushigi
356 | Sti7jukara
344 | Shigé
394 | Shima-ajı
403 | Shimagoma
382 | Syimatsu
407 | Shime
384 | Skirohara
346 | Skiwosazai
337 | Shöbin 1
357 | Shödö-tsubame
392 | Simorhynchus

r 36

Sitta
Somateria

Spatula

Sphenocercus ...

Spilornis ...
Spizaetus
Squatarola
Stercorarius
Sterna
Strepsilas
Strix
Sturnia
Sturnus

Sula

Sunamuguri-tsubame

Surnia

Suzume ...

Synthliborhamphus

Tadorna ...
Tahibari ...
Taka

Taka
Tanchö
Tarsioer dtt
Terpsiphone
Tetrao

Tobi

Toki

Tonen
Totanus ...
Treron
Tringa

Troglodytes

INDEX.

398
- 349
- 349
+. 374
+ 354
+ 354
. 360
. 368
11970
360
378
. 404
. 404
6341
- 397
: eo

. 4TO
ER
- 349

386,

387

2335
353
- 359
. 392
. 389
357
DELE:
. 346
. 365
>... 363

Tryngites
Tsubame ...
Tsugumi ...

Tsumi

Tsunomedori ...

Tsuru
Tsutsudori
Turdus
Turnix
Turtur

CA

Ugarasu ...
Uguisu
Umibato ...
Umigarasu
Umi-6mu

Umisuzuoie

Umitsubame ...

Upupa
Uria
Urinator ...
CLIO
Wo:
Uzura
Vanellus ...

Washi

Xanthopygia ...

Yabusame
Vatrochéò...
Vamadori
Vamagara

Vamahibari

Vatsugashira ...

420 INDEX.

Voshigot... … … …. +. 1344 | Zemehacho vari Lia Adee, a
Voshikiri ue see ste + 393 [Zosterops RE EE
Volaka ch i de > SSD sia ose Lala RR

While this “ Handlist of the Birds of Japan” was passing through the press, the author, Mr,
Minori Ogawa, died after long illness, so that the work of proof-reading had devolved entirely upon
the editor. Thus was sadly frustrated the expectation, which the author himself had entertained*
to greatly improve the form and matter of the list. In the deceased we have Jost a young,
promiseful and enthusiastic observer of birds and bird-life—a loss, which in the dearth of scientifi-
cally trained ornithologists in this part of the world, will be keenly felt by all who take interest

in the progress of zoological knowledge.— Editor.

NOTICE.

Terms of subscription, $2.00=8s=10F=M8 per volume, postage
epaid.

Remittances from foreign countries should be made by postal
oney orders payable in Tokyo to M. NamivE, Zoological Institute,
ience College, Imperial University, Tokyo.

All manuscripts should be sent to THE EDITOR, ANNOTA-
IONES ZOOLOGICÆ JAPONENSES, College of Science, Imperial
niversity, Tokyo.

All business communications should be sent to THE SECRETARY
ES THE, TOKYO ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY, College of Science,

nperial University, Tokyo.

RIGUREE 32 = | EGii+#

RE hr MIKEXSLASKHERS
RS IRL I NKERSEBRER
SORES € LEE NAME

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| Annot. Zool. Jap. Vol. VI. T.Okamura: Plankton. PL.W.

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RA, 216. Röb. Qld. 26a 23 c. Ale. RI RTe. 286. RI h.

| Annot. Zool. Jap. Vol. VI. T.Okamura: Plankton.

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Annot. Zool. Jap. Vol. VI. BI VIE

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Limnocodium Kawaii n. sp.

Annot. Zool. Jap. Vol. VI. Bi. 1

Tanaka: Fishes of Sakbalin. 1,2. Porocottus nigrescens, n. sp
3,4. Porocottus ijimai, n. sp.

POL ml de u ee u à ane y > SNS

Annot, Zool. Jap. Vol, VI.

Stephanella hina Oka.

4

Annot Zool. Jap. Vol. VI. | bi PLEXT

Figi I.

Fig. 2.

An.

Typopeltis stimpsoni (H. C. Wood).

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