Augusta County, Virginia, in the history of the United States

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AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

AUGUSTA COUNTY
VIRGINIA

IN THE

HISTORY

OF THE

UNITED STATES

BY

BOUTWELL DUNLAP

FRANKFORT

Published by

The Kentucky State Historical Society
1918

ClUtiXj

:^.

Copyright 1918

By the Kentucky State Historical Society

All rights reserve

I. •\

Printed by The State Journal Company

Frankfort, Kentucky

Printers to Commonwealth of Kentucky

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©CI.A559342

StP 18 1919

INTRODUCTION

In this astouishing array of men and women from
Augusta county, Virginia, the author has given from
his collections names of the period, 1735-1815, which
are not found in the index of the ''Descriptive List
of the Manuscript Collection of the State Historical
Society of Wisconsin," containing the Draper col-
lections, valued at several hundred thousands of dol-
lars. The Draper collections extend over the years,
1735-1815, and the field east of the Mississippi, with
some trans-Mississippi material, such as that on the
Lewis and Clark expedition. The writer of this
study has investigated others after 1815 all over
the United States, whom he shows. He has also as-
certained the origin of literary people of southern
antecedents whose names are not furnished by
Lucian Lamar Knight's biographical dictionary in
the "Library of Southern Literature." The author
indicates for the first time in print 'the fountain
head of manj^ great Americans. There are here
hundreds of names not in the two histories of Au-
gusta county by two talented sons of Virginia,
Joseph A. Waddell and John Lewis Peyton.

He intimates he may have missed some who
should appear, but no history is ever complete. To
represent positively that all of the various cate-
gories below have been included would require a

INTRODUCTION

knowledge of the ancestries in all lines of all
Americans from the date of the founding of
Augusta county to the present.

Unexplored Kentucky was once a part of Augusta
county.

The names are arranged alphabetically, thus
saving an index. — Mrs. Jennie C. Morton, Regent
of the Kentucky State Historical Society.

WOODROW WILSON

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

BEING asked to write from my unpublished
historical notes and collections relating to
the history of the South and West — sections
of the country heretofore neglected so much by in-
vestigators— upon the "influence of Augusta county,
Virginia, in the history of America," it is believed
the title would be a better one if it were the "men
and blood of Augusta county, Virginia, in the
history of the United States."

"When a historian saw the following, he exclaimed :
"Is there any county in the United States or
locality of equal population in the world, which has
in so short a time produced so many famous states-
men, soldiers and pioneers?" I am not prepared to
go so far as he, but the exhibit is remarkable.

There have been many unscientific generalizations
upon ethnographic, geographic and political di-
visions. Unfortunately, some American university
professors and some American writers do not gather
much new historical material. They vamp what has
appeared in printed productions accessible to them.
Roosevelt, who in his valuable "Winning of the
West" in part covers the scope of this monograph,
has to a great extent therein repeated secondary
sources.

Therefore, if this lore be of any value to the
historian, antiquarian or eugenist, it is pleasing, from
what I happen to possess upon Augusta county, to
designate some of the Augustans who resided within

10 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

tlie limits of the old county previous to 1776 and
descendants in one or more lines of these and others
who have at some time been its countymen and
countywomen.

The authorities for the listing of individuals are
always statements by the persons themselves or bj^
those claiming to be their kinsmen, or both this
kindred and record evidence. There has been an
endeavor to avoid errors.

But in a close examination for a number of years
of the ancestries of Americans in biographies and
genealogies, I have been surprised at the number
of misstatements discovered. It is amazing how
many of our citizens would fail in a court of law to
establish the marriage of their grandparents. Owing
to the hundreds of pedigrees and Mss. collected and
examined, there may be inaccuracies in this mono-
graph. It would be more satisfactory to expand it
with details into a large volume.

Where conflict in recitals of the ancestry or resi-
dence of a person has been found, his name, without
attempting to go into the evidence, is not contained
herein.*

*Presiclent Andrew Jackson's parents are said to have Uved
in Augusta county, by anotlier publislied as liaving lived in
Frederick county, Virginia, and by still others published as
having landed at Charleston, South Carolina, and having
moved to what is now Union county, North Carolina, where
he was undoubtedly born, although claimed sometimes by
South Carolinians as a native of South Carolina.

There are assertions that President Andrew Jolmson is
of Augusta stock, but these are questioned. It is true he
was collaterally related to a family by the name of Helvey,
who lived in Wyth° county, formerly a part of Augusta
county.

The published pedigrees of President James K. Polk make
no reference to a residence of his ancestor, William Polk,
in Augusta county. H. M. Williamson, who has made as

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINLV 11

I have positive declarations or belief expressed by
antiquarians and historians that a number are of
Augusta county origin. Because this information is

thoroug-h a study of Augusta county pedigrees as any one
of the hundreds with whom I have corresponded, announces
he will soon print facts tending- to establish the residence
for a short time of William Polk in that county. If this be
accomplished, not only President Polk, but among- others,
William Hawkins Polk, Minister to the Two Sicilies, Mem-
ber of the United States House of Representatives from Ten-
nessee, General William P. Hardeman, C. S. A., and General
Lucius E. Polk, C. S. A., will be on an Augusta family tree.

It has been widely published that Vice President Adlai
Ewing- Stevenson is of an Augusta county root through the
Stevensons of the Pastures, Augusta and Rockbridge coun-
ties. This has been contradicted— properly so. However, some
of my letters show an Aug-usta county ascent claimed through
another line for Vice President Stevenson and for James
Stevenson Ewing, Minister to Belgium.

The origin of the Oregon McBridos has been once pub-
lished as in Kentucky and at other times as in North Caro-
lina. It is quite probable that another article, attempting
to prove their foundation in Augusta county, will soon ap-
pear. Of this family there are James McBride, Minister to
the Hawaiian Islands, George Wicklifie McBride, United
States Senator from Oregron, and John R. McBride, Member
of the United States House of Representatives from Oregon.

The author of a proposed history of a Tennessee locality
writes me that there will be published therein the statement
that John H. Savage, Member of the United States House of
Representatives from Tennessee, is of Augusta county de-
scent through one line. This will be an error.

It has been published and denied that the following are of
Augusta county descent: Robert Trimble, Justice of the
United States Supreme Court; William J. Bryan, Secretary
of State; Thomas Ewing, Secretary of the Treasury, Secre-
tary of the Interior, United States Senator from Ohio, pro-
genitor of a celebrated line; General Lewis Wallace, Minis-
ter to Turkey, Governor of New Mexico Territory; General
Daniel W. Adams, C. S. A. ; General Wirt Adams, C. S. A. ;
General Joseph B. Johnston, C. S. A.; Rear Admiral James
Edward Jouett; General John S. Roane, C. S. A., Governor
of Arkansas; Stephen A. Douglas, United States Senator from
Illinois, Member of the United States House of Representa-
tives from Illinois; Joseph Benson Foraker, United States
Senator from Ohio, Governor of Ohio; William McKendree
Gwin, United States Senator from California, Member
of the United States House of Representatives from
Mississippi; Marcus A. Hanna, United States Senator from
Ohio; George S. Houston, United States Senator from Ala-
bama, Governor of Alabama, Member of the United States

12 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINLV

not from the sources, as required above, they are
omitted.* It is impossible in this space to present
a critical estimate of this data.

House of Representatives from Alabama; HamUton R. Gam-
ble, Governor of Missouri; John Jameson, Member of the
United States House of Representatives from Missouri.

I have a series of letters from a Presbyterian divine upon
some of the descendants of Hugh Lawson, wlio seems to have
been in Augusta county for a short time. There are so many
contradictions in these, I have decided to omit tlie names
of several claimed sometimes to be his descendants. Similar
utterances from a relative of James D. Williams, Governor
of Indiana, both affirm and deny for the latter an Augusta
county g-randparent.

The exclusions under this paragraph are not those con-
flicts in recitals of ancestry from allegations of illegitimate
descent. The toilsome endeavors both in print and Mss. to
show in various ways the illegitimate origin of a deceased
President of the United States, credited by legitimate birth
and also by one of the illegitimate lines, to Augusta county,
and also the attempt to show a resident of Augusta county
to have been the son of an early President, one of the world's
most illustrious, are shameless. Not any good has been done
nor has any satisfactory proof resulted from this kind of a
perversion of historical research.

*Among those are: William Burnham Woods, Justice of
the United States Supreme Court, General Officer (supposedly
from Woods); John Hay, Secretary of State, Ambassador to
Great Britain (from Coulter); General Eli Bowyer (from
Bowyer); General Ambrose E. Burnside, United States Sen-
ator from Rhode Island, Governor of Rhode Island (from
Burnside); General Thomas Duncan (from Duncan); General
George L. Gillespie (from Gillespie); General John Porter
McCown, C. S. A. (from McCown); General James Stewart
Martin (from Martin); General Thomas Armstrong Morris
(from Morris); General Charles R. Woods (from Woods); Don-
elson Caffery, United States Senator from Louisiana (from
Caffery); Solomon W. Downs, United States Senator from
Louisiana (from Downs); Job A. Cooper, Governor of Colo-
rado (from Hadley); Joseph Duncan, Governor of Illinois,
Member of the United States House of Representatives from
Illinois (from Duncan); Daniel Lindsay Russell. Governor of
North Carolina (from Russell); Linn Boyd, Member of the
United States House of Representatives from Kentucky,
Speaker of the House of Representatives (from Boyd); John
P. Campbell, Member of the United States House of Repre-
sentatives from Kentucky (from Poage); William W. Irvin,
IMember of the United States House of Representatives from
Ohio (from Irvin); John Kincaid, Member of the United
States House of Representatives from Kentucky (from Kin-
caid); General Samuel Whiteside, pioneer, in honor of whom
Whiteside County, Illinois, is named (from Whiteside); Josiah

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 13

There are others upon which there are notes which
point to an Augusta county beginning. Having no
conclusive proofs that these are of Augusta county
lineage, they are not entered upon Augusta county's
long roll of honor. Although this memoranda may
be as interesting to the student as any as may be
found in the collections, in order to prevent the ac-
cumulation of errors — already too many before
readers — and more confusion, it is not recorded.

An object has been to include only those who
resided before 1776 within Augusta county's con-
fines as they then stood and those who trace to one
who was at some time a resident of what at the time
of this residence was within the then Augusta
county's limits. If the ancestor did not become
domiciled in some county carved from Augusta
county until the new county's organization, the
descendant is excluded.*

W'ilbarger, pioneer, in honor of whom Wilbarger County,
Texas, is named (from mother).

Correspondence with relatives of the foregoing has not
elicited much new material.

There is among my papers a statement by a member of
the Augusta-Rockbridge family of Houston that David F.
Houston, Secretary of Agriculture, is of this family. The
Secretary writes me: "I regret to say that I have never un-
dertaken to trace my family definitely back to its beginning
in this country. I know that the original settlers went
through Virginia, but where their stopping places were I
cannot at this time say."

I have the suggestion of one who has prepared a Caldwell
genealogy that some of the early Caldwells of Charlotte
county, Virginia, who have several of note in the family,
may have lived for a time in Augusta county. Similarly,
another Caldwell family or a branch of the same Caldwells,
with at least one member of distinction, it has been suggested
from what I have, may have been originally seated in Au-
gusta county.

♦Therefore, those descending from the following who went
to Southwest Virginia the year succeeding that section's
withdrawal from Augusta county's jurisdiction, and those
from other following little known later settlers to the south

14 AUGUSTA COUNTY^ VIRGINIA

Because of persons' inaccuracies in dates and
ignorance of local geography, this has been difficult.
Out of more than 800 names exhibited, there is only
the family statement and either incomplete or no
conclusive contemporary evidence in my posses-
sion— I compile only from my papers — in the cases
of about twenty men and women here set forth,

of the present Augusta county, some of whom are not men-
tioned in Summer's "I-Iistory of Southwest Virginia," are not
catalogued, unless it is recognized they have an Augusta
county derivation through some other ascendant.

Among these colonists are: Durst Ammen, from whom are
General Jacob Ammen, General Richard T. Yeatman and
Rear Admiral Daniel Ammen; Dr. John Apperson, from whom
is the wife of George Hearst, United States Senator from
California; "Trooper" James Armstrong, from whom are
Leroy Percy, United States Senator from Mississippi, Gen-
eral Francis C. Armstrong, C. S. A., Medical Director Vi^il-
liam Taliaferro Hord, General Robert Armstrong, pioneer,
brigadier-general commanding at Wahoo Swamp, bearer of
the treaty settling the northwestern boundary and confiden-
tial adviser of President James K. Polk; Major Francis W".
Armstrong, pioneer. United States marshal of Alabama, and
Major William Armstrong, pioneer. United States Indian
agent; William Cocke, United States Senator from Tennessee,
pioneer, United States Indian agent for the Chickasaw Na-
tion, in honor of whom Cocke county, Tennessee, is named,
from whom are Luke -L,ea, United States Senator from Ten-
nessee, John Cocke, Member of the United States House of
Representatives, pioneer, colonel of Tennessee riflemen at
New Orleans, and major-general of Tennessee volunteers in
the Creek war, and William M. Cocke, Member of the United
States House of Representatives from Tennessee; Joseph Cul-
bertson, from whom is Charles Culberson, United States
Senator from Texas, vxovernor of Texas; Colonel John Floyd,
pioneer, surveyor of 1774 in Kentucky, founder of Floyd's first
station, at what is now the corner of Third street and the
Ohio River, Louisville, founder of Floyd's station on Bear
Grass, member of the assembly organizing the government of
Transylvania and associate of the Boones and Clark, as hand-
some as he was brave, killed by the Inuxans, in honor of
whom Floyd county, Indiana, and Floyd county, Kentucky,
are named; John Greenup, father of Cnristopher Greenup,
Governor of Kentucky, Member of the United States House
of Representatives from Kentucky; John McComas. from
whom is William McComas, Member of the United States
House of Representatives from Virginia; Colonel Evan Shel-
by, pioneer, from whom are General Isaac Shelby, Secretary
of War, Governor of Kentucky, and the wives of James Shan-
non, JMinister to Central America, and Beriah Magoffin, Gov-

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 15

many of them not conspicuous, that their stirps were
inhabitants of Augusta county proper.

There is doubt when this is not offered. But it
is certain at least the former had antecedents in
another newer county which had been partitioned a
few years before from Augusta county, who were,
generally speaking, of the same historical type and
characteristics as those who may have been earlier
immigrants to Augusta county's original territory.

It would not be easy, if possible, to extend in-
vestigations in some of these instances. The records
relating to Augusta county are in some respects
not as complete as some other Virginia counties.
There are Virginia frontier families, to say noth-
ing of individuals' names, whose cognomens are
nowhere in Augusta county official archives or
private documents. To learn the dates of the move-
ments of people at the, at that time, far West, a
century and a quarter to a century and three-quar-
ters ago, has great obstacles.

Although the subject of my research, the results
of which may be published later, celebrities, the
praepositus of any one of whom was in either the
present Orange or Frederick counties, Virginia,
are of course omitted. Augusta county was a part
of Orange county until the former was legislated

ernor of Kentucky (Note— The Shelbys and others were con-
sidered as living in what was believed to be Virginia, but
afterwards surveys placed this habitation south of the Vir-
g-inia State line); Colonel John Todd, pioneer, first county
lieutenant of the county of Illinois, killed at the Blue Licks,
in honor of whom Todd county, Illinois, and Todd county,
Kentucky, are named, father of the wife of Robert J. Wick-
liffe, Minister to Sardinia; Peter Turney, from whom are
Hopkins Lacy Turney, United States Senator from Tennessee,
Member of the United States House of Representatives from.
Tennessee, and Peter Turney, Governor of Tennesse.

16 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

into existence in 1738, being organized in 1745.
Frederick county was also a portion of Orange
county until the former date.

Those who lived before 1776 or have had their
source in the large District of West Augusta, ex-
cepting those of this who are of families of the
adjoining county of Harrison, West Virginia, are for
the present not used.

Some of eastern Virginia, who owned real prop-
erty in Augusta county, became the forefathers of
notables. These progenitors were never properly
residents of Augusta county. Their offspring are
not here.

Augusta county was at first large in area, but
thinly populated. It has been the policy of the Vir-
ginia legislature to equalize the populations of coun-
ties, as these increased, by restricting their bounda-
ries, and also to make the court houses accessible to
all people. The western counties of Virginia were,
as a rule, larger in area than the older counties of
eastern Virginia.

A commencement is made with him Avho is linked
the culmination of the slavery struggle, after the
French revolution one of the three most important
episodes of history, and following with him of the
third episode whose present vision in the universal
war makes him the world statesman pre-eminent.

PRESIDENTS

Abraham Lincoln.
Woodrow Wilson.

Samuel Houston, President of the Republic of
Texas.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 17

VICE PRESIDENTS
John Cabell Breckinridge. ■

John Caldwell Calhoun.

NATIONAL SUPREME COURT JUSTICES

The following are Justices of the Supreme Court
of the United States of America and a Justice of
the Supreme Court of the Republic of Texas. There
have also been a number of justices of the courts
of final appeal in the states of the Union:

John Catron.

John McKinley.

Anthony Bledsoe Shelby, Justice of the Supreme
Court of the Republic of Texas.

CABINET OFFICERS

John Bell, Secretary of War.

Montgomery Blair, Postmaster General.

John Breckinridge, Attorney General.

John Cabell Breckinridge, Secretary of War of
the Confederate States (supra).

John Caldwell Calhoun, Secretary of State, Sec-
retary of War (supra).

John G. Carlisle, Secretary of the Treasury.

Samuel P. Carson, Secretary of State of the Re-
public of Texas.

Jacob McGavock Dickinson, Secretary of War.

Richard G. Dunlap, Secretary of War of the Re-
public of Texas.

John B. Floyd, Secretary of War,

David Rowland Francis, Secretary of the Interior.

Nathan Goff, Jr., Secretary of the Navy.

Felix Grundy, Attorney General.

James Guthrie, Secretary of the Treasury.

18 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

William H. Jack, Secretary of State of the Re-
public of Texas.

Robert T, Lincoln, Secretary of War.
William G. McAcloo, Secretary of the Treasury.
Alexander H. H. Stuart, Secretary of the Interior.
William B. Preston, Secretary of the Navy.
William L. Wilson, Postmaster General.

DIPLOMATISTS

Eben Alexander, Minister to Greece, Roumania
and Servia.

James G. Birney, Minister* to The Netherlands.

Clifton R. Breckinridge, Minister to Russia.

James Brown, Minister to France.

Charles Page Brj'^an, Ambassador to Japan, Min-
ister to Belgium, Minister to Brazil, Minister to
China, Minister to Portugal, Minister to Switzer-
land.

Samuel P. Carson, Diplomatic Agent of the Re-
public of Texas to the United States (supra).

William R. Colhoun, Minister to France.

Charles Denby, Minister to China.

Andrew J. Donelson, Minister to Germany, Min-
ister to Prussia, Minister to Texas.

Richard G. Dunlap, Minister of the Republic of
Texas to the United States (supra).

William C. Dunlap, Minister of the Republic of
Texas to Mexico.

David Rowland Francis, Ambassador to Russia
(supra).

*James G. Birney was actuaUy Minister Resident. The
United States Government in earlier years denominated some
of its chiefs of missions as commissioners, dragomans, con-
suls-general, special agents and charges d'affaires. Biographi-
cal collections and authors refer to these chiefs of missions
as ministers. In this and several other instances the same
usage is continued.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 19

James Hamilton, Diplomatic Agent of the Re-
public of Texas in Europe.

John Hays Hammoijd, Special Ambassador to the
Crowning- of King George V. of Great Britain.

Charles Hance Lewis, Minister to Portugal.

Robert T, Lincoln, Minister to Great Britian
(supra).

Robert B. McAfee, Minister to New Granada.

Alexander K. McClung, Minister to Bolivia.

Cyrus H. McCormick, Envoy Extraordinary on
Special Mission to Russia.

Robert S. McCormick, Ambassador to Austria-
Hungary, Ambassador to France, Ambassador to
Russia, Minister to Austria-Hungary.

B[umplirey Marshall, Minister to China.

George T. Marye, Ambassador to Russia.

Thomas A. R. Nelson, Minister to China.

Balie Peyton, Minister to Chile.

Francis W. Pickens, Minister to Russia.

John T. Pickett, Commissioner of the Confederate
States to Mexico.

William Preston, Minister to Spain, Minister* of
the Confederate States to Mexico.

Ambrose H. Sevier, Minister to Mexico.

Harvey McGee Watterson, Minister to the Argen-
tine Republic.

Henry Lane Wilson, Special Ambassador to the
crowning of King Albert of Belgium, Ambassador
to Mexico, Minister to Chile, Minister to Venezuela.

James Wilson, Minister to Venezuela.

E. Rumsey Wing, Minister to Ecuador,

*The sole diplomatist of that rank created by the Confed-
erate States Government.

20 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGIXLV

GENERAL OFFICERS OF ARMIES

The following are general officers in the Con-
tinental, United States, Confederate States and for-
eign armies. General officers of volunteers and by
brevet in the United States army are included. Un-
less within the foregoing classes, there are here no
general officers of militia or state troops :

Andrew Jonathan Alexander.

J. Patton Anderson, C. S. A.

Matthew Arbuckle.

John C. Bates.

James Franklin Bell.

David B. Birney.

William Birney.

Charles White Blair.

Francis P. Blair, Jr.

Jeremiah T. Boyle,

John Cabell Breckinridge, C. S. A. (supra).

Joseph C. Breckinridge.

James P. Brownlow.

John Buford.

Napoleon B. Buford.

Alexander TV. Campbell, C. S. A.

William B. Campbell.

C. C. C. Carr.

Christopher Carson.

Thomas T. Crittenden.

Robert Cunningham, British Army.

Daniel S. Donelson, C. S. A.

Henry C. Dunlap.

James Dunlap.

William McKee Dunn.

John Edwards.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINLV 21

Jesse J. Finley, C. S. A.
John B. Floyd, C. S. A. (supra).
Frederick Funston,
Randall Lee Gibson, C. S. A,
Samuel L. Glasgow.
B. Frank Gordon, C. S. A.
John B. Grayson, C. S. A.
Martin D. Hardin, 2nd.
Harry T. Hays, C. S. A.
Samuel Houston, Texan Army (supra).
Benjamin Howard.
Felix Huston, Texan Army.
John D. Imboden, C. S. A.
Thomas J. ("Stonewall") Jackson, C. S. A.
W. L. Jackson, C. S. A.
Albert G. Jenkins, C. S. A.
Adam Eankin Johnson, C. S. A.
John R. Jones, C. S. A.
"William E. Jones, C. S. A.
Andrew Lewis, Continental Army.
John McCausland, C. S. A.
Edward J. McClernand.
Irvin McDowell.
John C. McFerran.
W. L. McMillen.

Humphrey Marshall, C. S. A. (supra).
William L. Marshall.
Eli H. Murray.
Elisha F. Paxton, C. S. A.

John T. Pickett, Hungarian Army of Kossuth
(supra).
Thomas Posey.
John S. Preston, C. S. A.

22 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

William Preston, C. S. A. (supra).

Samuel Woodson Price.

William Russell.

William Read Scurry, C. S. A.

John Sevier.

Joseph 0. Shelby, C. S. A.

Alexander Smyth.

John Dunlap Stevenson.

J. E. B. Stuart, C. S. A.

Jeremiah Cutler Sullivan.

James B. Terrill, C. S. A.

William Rufus Terrill.

J. G. Tilford.

Robert Brank Vance, C. S. A.

James Alexander Walker, C. S. A.

Lucius Marsh Walker, C. S. A.

William Harvey Lamb Wallace.

William Hugh Young, C. S. A.

REAR ADMIRALS
John M. Bowyer.
William B. Caperton,
John C. Fremont, 2nd.
Albert Gleaves.
Joseph N. Hemphill.
William Radford.
Chapman Coleman Todd.

Commodore Joseph E. Montgomery of the Con-
federate States independent naval service.

NATIONAL SENATORS
The following are national senators and the states
by them represented:

Robert H. Adams, Mississippi.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 23

James Lusk Alcorn, Mississippi.

John Bell, Tennessee (supra).

Francis P. Blair, Jr., Missouri (supra).

John Breckinridge, Kentucky (supra).

John Cabell Breckinridge, Kentucky (supra).

Jesse D. Bright, Indiana, President pro tempore of
the Senate.

B. Gratz Brown, Missouri.

James Brown, Louisiana (supra).

John Brown, Kentucky, President pro tempore of
the Senate.

Joseph E. Brown, Georgia.

William G. Brownlow, Tennessee.

John Caldwell Calhoun, South Carolina (supra).

Hugh Taylor Caperton, West Virginia, Confed-
erate States Senator from Virginia.

John G. Carlisle, Kentucky (supra).

Edward W. Carmack, Tennessee.

Thomas B. Catron, New Mexico.

John Ewing Colhoun, South Carolina.

Joseph Moore Dixon, Montana,

William L. D. Ewing, Illinois.

Jesse J. Finley, elected a United States Senator
from Florida, but not seated (supra).

Randall Lee Gibson, Louisiana (supra).

Nathan Goff, Jr., West Virginia (supra).

James Guthrie, Kentucky (supra).

James Hamilton, elected a United States Senator
from Texas, but died before taking seat (supra),

James M. Harvey, Kansas.

Landon C. Haynes, Confederate States Senator
from Tennessee.

Samuel Houston, Texas (supra).

24 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIEGIXLV

John "VV. Johnston, Virginia.

Blair Lee, Maryland.

John F. Lewis, Virginia.

William Lindsay, Kentucky.

"William Logan, Kentucky.

James B. McCreary, Kentucky.

Thomas Clay McCreery, Kentucky.

John McKiuley, Alabama (supra).

Augustus Summerfield Merrimon, North Carolina.

Andrew Moore, Virginia.

Thomas Morris, Ohio.

George S. Nixon, Nevada.

Robert L. Ovrens, Oklahoma.

David Trotter Patterson, Tennessee.

Samuel Henry Piles, Washington.

Miles Poindexter, Washington.

Augustus S. Porter, Michigan.

Thomas Posey, Louisiana (supra).

William B. Preston, Confederate States Senator
from Virginia (supra).

William C. Preston, South Carolina.

William A. Richardson, Illinois.

Harrison H, Riddleberger, Virginia.

Ambrose H. Sevier, Arkansas (supra).

William L. Sharkey, elected a United States Sena-
tor from Mississippi, but not seated.

Daniel Smith, Tennessee.

Marcus Aurelius Smith, Arizona.

Robert L. Taylor, Tennessee.

William A. Trimble, Ohio.

Oscar W. Underwood, Alabama.

Zebulon B. Vance, North Carolina.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 25

Hugh Lawson White, Tennessee.
John Lockwood "Wilson, Washington.
Robert Wilson, Missouri.*

MEMBERS OF THE UNITED STATES AND

CONFEDERATE STATES HOUSES OF

REPRESENTATIVES

The following are Augusta county's progeny who
have been members of the Confederate States House
of Representatives and members of and delegates
to the United States House of Representatives up to

*Among- other United States Senators under Augusta
county influence, through having- been educated, as were some
of those above, in the Virginia county of Roclibridge— once
a part of Augusta county— by professors of Augusta county
descent at Washington College, afterwards Washington and
Lee University, are: Nathan P. Bryan, Florida; William J.
Bryan, Florida; George E. Chamberlain, Oregon; John J.
Crittenden, Kentucky (Attorney General of the United States,
Governor of Kentucky); Powhatan Ellis, Mississippi (Min-
ister to Mexico); Henry S. Foote, Mississippi (Governor of
Mississippi); Murphy J. Foster, Louisiana (Governor of Lou-
isiana); Jackson Morton, Florida; Richard E. Parker, Vir-
ginia; Robert E. Strange, North Carolina.

Others who were educated at this institution are: Joseph
R. Lamar, Justice of the United States Supreme Court;
Thomas Todd, Justice of the United States Supreme Court;
Robert Trimble, Justice of the United States Supreme Court;
Newton D. Baker, Secretary of War; Seth Barton, Minister to
Chile; William Crump, Minister to Chile; Thomas Nelson
Page, Ambassador to Italy; William A. Seay, Minister to
Bolivia; General William L. Brandon, C. S. A.; General Ra-
leigh E. Colston, C. S. A.; General John Pope Duvall, Texan
Army (Governor of Florida); General John Echols, C. S. A.;
General James L. Kemper, C. S. A. (Governor of Virginia);
General Edwin G. Lee, C. S. A.; Luther E. Hall, Governor
of Louisiana: Meriwether Lewis, Governor of Louisiana Ter-
ritory; Philip W. McKinney, Governor of Virginia; Charles
T. O'Ferrall, Governor of Virginia; Archibald Roan, Governor
of Tennessee; and a number of members of the United States
and Confederate States Houses of Representatives.

The force of this seat of learning through its alumni as
presidents of colleges and universities in the South and West
has been strong. Through the Alexanders at Princeton its
influence has extended even into the North.

26 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

and including the 38th Congress, ending with the
Civil War.

After the war, there have been many more — sncli
as Edward J. Gay of Louisiana, Jordan E. Cravens
of Arkansas, and William P. McLean of Texas in
the farthest south, AVilliam E, Ellis of Oregon and
Lindley H. Hadley of Washington in the farthest
west, Lafe Pence of Colorado and Charles B. Timber-
lake of Colorado in the Rocky mountain states,
Eugene McC. Wilson of Minnesota and Edwin Denby
of Michigan in the north, Frank B, Fulkerson of
Missouri, John A. T. Hull of Iowa, George A. Ander-
son of Illinois, Carter H. Harrison of Illinois, Silas Z.
Landes of Illinois, Medill McCormick of Illinois,
John R. Thomas of Illinois (the "father of the Amer-
ican navy," so important now), William D. Bynum
of Indiana, William Eastin English of Indiana,
James LaFayette Evans of Indiana, Charles A. Kor-
bly of Indiana, Nicholas Longworth of Ohio, and
Samuel Talbott Neal of Ohio, in the middle west —
with Champ Clark of Missouri, the present Speaker
of the House of Representatives. They still main-
tain themselves at the fore. Since 1885, several
family names have been represented by two mem-
bers in the lower House of the Congress :

Adam B. Alexander, Tennessee.

Robert Allen, Tennessee.

J. Patton Anderson, Delegate from Washington
Territory, Member of the Confederate States Pro-
visional Congress from Florida (supra).

Simeon Hopkins Anderson, Kentucky.

William Clayton Anderson, Kentucky.

John B. Baldwin, Member of the Confederate
States House of Representatives from Virginia.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 27

John Bell, Tennessee, Speaker of the House of Rep-
resentatives (supra).

Francis P. Blair, Jr., Missouri (supra),

John Blair, Tennessee.

John H. Bowen, Tennessee.

John Boyle, Kentucky.

James Breckinridge, Virginia.

James D. Breckinridge, Kentucky.

John Cabell Breckinridge, Kentucky (supra).

Robert J. Breckinridge, Jr., Member of the Con-
federate States House of Representatives from Ken-
tucky.

John Brown, Virginia, Delegate to the Continental
Congress from Virginia (supra).

Joseph Burns, Ohio.

Edward C. Cabell, Florida.

John Calhoun, Kentucky.

John Caldwell Calhoun, South Carolina (supra).

Joseph Calhoun, South Carolina.

John W. Campbell, Ohio.

Thomas J. Campbell, Tennessee.

William B. Campbell, Tennessee (supra).

Hugh Caperton, Virginia.

Samuel P. Carson, North Carolina (supra).

Robert Looney Caruthers, Tennessee, Member of
the Confederate States Provisional Congress from
Tennessee,

Augustus A. Chapman, Virginia.

Arthur St. Clair Colyar, Member of the Confed-
erate States House of Representatives from Tennes-
see.

Robert Craig, Virginia,

James A, Cravens, Indiana,

28 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINLV

James H. Cravens, Indiana.

John W. Crockett, Member of the Confederate
States House of Representatives from Kentucky.

Allen T. Davidson, Member of the Confederate
States Provisional Congress from North Carolina,
Member of the Confederate States House of Repre-
sentatives from North Carolina.

Joseph Draper, Virginia.

George W. Dunlap, Kentucky.

William C. Dunlap, Tennessee (supra).

George G. Dunn, Indiana.

George H. Dunn, Indiana.

William McKee Dunn, Indiana (supra).

Henry A. Edmundson, Virginia.

William H. English, Indiana.

Benjamin Estil, Virginia.

Andrew Ewing, Tennessee.

Edwin H. Ewing, Tennessee.

George W. Ewing, Member of the Confederate
States Provisional Congress from Kentucky, Member
of the Confederate States House of Representatives
from Kentucky.

Presley Ewing, Kentucky.

John Floj'd, Virginia.

Andrew S. Fulton, Virginia.

John H. Fulton, Virginia.

John P. Gaines, Kentucky.

Felix Grundy, Tennessee (supra).

William Hall, Tennessee.

James Hamilton, South Carolina (supra).

John J. Hardin, Illinois.

Thomas S. Ha3'mond, Virginia.

Samuel Houston, Tennessee (supra).

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 29

Benjamin Howard, Kentucky (supra).

Edward B, Jackson, Virginia.

George Jackson, Virginia.

John G. Jackson, Virginia.

Albert G. Jenkins, Virginia, Member of the Con-
federate States House of Representatives from Vir-
ginia (supra).

Robert Johnston, Member of the Confederate
States Provisional Congress from Virginia, Member
of the Confederate States House of Representatives
from Virginia.

Austin A. King, Missouri.

John Letcher, Virginia.

Thomas Lewis, Virginia.

William J. Lewis, Virginia.

Abraham Lincoln, Illinois (supra).

Abraham McClellan, Tennessee.

Felix G. McConnell, Alabama.

Joseph W. McCorkle, California.

William McCoy, Virginia.

James McDowell, Virginia.

Joseph J. McDowell, Ohio.

John H. McHenry, Kentucky.

John McKee, Alabama.

Samuel McKee, Kentucky.

John McKinley, Alabama (supra.)

William McMillan, Delegate from the Territory
Northwest of the Ohio River.

Fayette McMullen, Virginia, Member of the Con-
federate States House of Representatives from Vir-
ginia.

Alexander K. Marshall, Kentucky.

Edward C. Marshall, California.

30 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

Humphrey Marshall, Kentucky (supra).

Thomas F. Marshall, Kentucky.

Elbert Sevier Martin, Virginia.

John P. Martin, Kentucky.

George Matthews, Georgia.

John Gaines Miller, Missouri.

Thomas Montgomery, Kentucky.

Andrew Moore, Virginia (supra).

Samuel McDowell Moore, Virginia.

Calvary Morris, Ohio.

Isaac N. Morris, Illinois.

Jonathan D. Morris, Ohio.

Thomas A. R. Nelson, Tennessee (supra).

Balie Peyton, Tennessee (supra).

Joseph Hopkins Peyton, Tennessee.

Andrew Pickens, South Carolina.

Francis W. Pickens, South Carolina (supra).

Francis Preston, Virginia.

"Walter Preston, Member of the Confederate States
Provisional Congress from Virginia, Member of the
Confederate States House of Representatives from
Virginia,

William Preston, Kentucky (supra).)

William B. Preston, Member of the Confederate
States Provisional Congress from Virginia (supra).

John Rhea, Tennessee.

William A. Richardson, Illinois (supra).

George Robertson,* Kentucky.

Richardson Scurry, Texas,

Ambrose H. Sevier, Delegate from Arkansas Ter-
ritory (supra).

*He twice declined a seat upon the bench of the United
States Supreme Court, four times a seat in tlie Cabinet, and
twice ministerships to foreign countries.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 31

John Sevier, North Carolina, Tennessee (supra).

Solomon P. Sharp, Kentucky.

William Russell Smith, Alabama, Member of the
Confederate States House of Representatives from
Alabama.

Alexander Smyth, Virginia (supra).

Archibald Stewart, Virginia.

Alexander H. H. Stuart, Virginia (supra).

John T. Stuart, Illinois,

Jacob Swoope, Virginia,

Samuel F. Swope, Kentucky,

Nathaniel G, Taylor, Tennessee.

Abram Trigg, Virginia.

John Trigg, Virginia,

Carey A. Trimble, Ohio,

Andrew Trumbo, Kentucky.

John J. Van Meter, Ohio,

Robert B. A^ance, North Carolina.

Zebulon B. Vance, North Carolina (supra).

Harvey McGee Watterson, Tennessee (supra).

Edgar McC. Wilson, Virginia.

James Wilson, Indiana (supra),

Thomas Wilson, Virginia.

GOVERNORS

The following are governors and the states and
territories of which they were chief executives :

James Lusk Alcorn, Mississippi (supra).

J. Patton Anderson, Washington Territory (supra)

George W. Atkinson, West Virginia,

John Boyle, appointed Governor of Illinois Terri-
tory, but did not serve (supra),

B. Gratz Brown, Missouri (supra).

32 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

Joseph E. Brown, Georgia (supra).
Joseph M. Brown, Georgia.
William G. Brownlow, Tennessee (supra).
James S. Calhoun, New Mexico Territory.
David Campbell, Virginia.
"William B. Campbell, Tennessee (supra).
Kobert Looney Caruthers, elected Governor of
Tennessee, but not inaugurated (supra).
Orion Clemens, Nevada Territory.
Henry Connelly, New Mexico Territory.
Thomas T, Crittenden, Missouri (supra).
Joseph W. Fifer, Illinois.
John Floyd, Virginia (supra).
John B. Floj'd, Virginia (supra).
David Rowland Francis, Missouri (supra).
John P. Gaines, Oregon Territory (supra).
George R. Gilmer, Georgia.
Herbert S, Hadley, Missouri.
William Hall, Tennessee (supra).
James Hamilton, South Carolina (supra).
J. Frank Planly, Indiana.
Nathaniel Edwin Harris, Georgia.
James M, Harvey, Kansas (supra).
Samuel Houston, Tennessee, Texas (supra).
Benjamin Howard, Missouri Territory (supra).
Jacob B. Jackson, West Virginia.
Austin A. King, Missouri (supra).
J. Proctor Knott, Kentucky.
John Letcher, Virginia (supra).
William A. MacCorkle, West Virginia.
James B. McCrearj-, Kentucky (supra).
James McDowell, Virginia (supra).
Fayette McMullen, Washington Territory (supra).

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 33

Alexander G. McNiitt, Mississippi.

George Madison, Kentucky.

Beriah Magoffin, Kentucky.

George Matthews, Georgia (supra).

Henry M. Matthews, West Virginia.

Eli H. Murray, Utah Territory (supra).

John B. Neil, Idaho Territory.

Patrick Noble, South Carolina.

Robert M. Patton, Alabama.

Andrew Pickens, South Carolina.

Francis W. Pickens, South Carolina (supra).

Thomas Posey, Indiana Territory (supra).

James P. Preston, Virginia.

"William A. Richardson, Nebraska Territory
(supra).

Joseph Draper Sayers, Texas.

John Sevier, State of Franklin, Tennessee (supra).

William L. Sharkey, Provisional Governor of
Mississippi (supra).

Lon V. Stephens, Missouri.

Henry C. Stuart, Virginia.

Robert L. Taylor, Tennessee (supra).

Allen Trimble, Ohio.

J. Hoge Tyler, Virginia.

Zebulon B. Vance, North Carolina (supra).

William Walker, Provisional Governor of Ne-
braska Territory.

PIONEERS

One of the greatest influences of Augusta county
were its pioneers in the conquest and settlement of
the South and West, a movement no less important
than the migration of the northern tribes into the
Roman Empire — the epic of America.

34 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

The books upon western Virginia mention prac-
tically all of Augusta county's celebrated men on
the Virginia border. Unless they are associated
with other western places, there is omission of these.
It is true this Virginiana includes references to
these men. Also that some of these volumes, such
as Peyton's and Waddell's histories of Augusta
county, have had a seal of approval by appearing
in such a bibliography as that in the "Guide to the
Study and Reading of American History," by Pro-
fessors Channing, Hart and Turner, of Harvard.
Nevertheless, satisfactory histories of Augusta coun-
ty, western Virginia and, for that matter, of the
trans-Allegheny country and the Ohio valley, re-
main to be written.

Hundreds with Augusta county sires have been
brave men upon every frontier from Virginia to
Florida, Texas, California and the Great Lakes.
Greece, Rome and Chivalry have no greater heroes.
One need not seek the classics of Europe for in-
trepidity and romance.

A large group of the early hunters, explorers and
founders of stations in Kentucky, Tennessee and
western communities were Augusta countymen.
They and their children in the vanguard crossed
the Mississippi. Some have gone on even to other
continents.

It may not be said that this blood on the farthest
front is always diluted. Of those most remote,
Colonel Joseph L. Meek, of Oregon, had the Au-
gusta name of Meek and his mother was a Walker.
"Kit" Carson's mother was a Robertson from the
Greenbrier. Colonel William Craig, of Washing-
ton, was born on the same river. Jo Walker, who
guided Freemont, the ' ' Pathfinder, ' ' who was urged

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

35

on by a wife — whose mother was all Augustan —
was full of the blood of the nursery of borderers.

Around the southern and western rim of Ameri-
ca's colonization and annexation — Matthews in
Florida, Houston in Texas, Magoffin in New Mex-
ico, Meek in Oregon— Augusta county's offspring
were outstanding figures.

The term pioneer is here used in a broad sense.
It is impracticable to specify all. On account of
their prominence — because of priorities, their as-
cendancy in their localities and the memorable
honors bestowed upon them — a selection has been
arbitrarily made.

Virginia has m.ade a large part and written little
of the nation's history. Massachusetts historians'
names crovrd every library. But this list of pio-
neers, which could be extended, is some of the
testimony for the nobility of the Old Dominion.

There is not one newspaper frontiersman or mov-
ing picture western hero among these who helped
to win the West:

Colonel John Allen,* killed at the River Raisin,
in honor of whom Allen county, Kentucky, is named.

Captain John Allen, one of the two founders of
Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Colonel Robert Allen, commander of a regiment
of Tennessee militia in the Seminole war (supra).

*It must not by any means be understood that there is any
pretense of stating- all biographical facts in the lives of this
pioneer and those following-. Only striking, important and un-
kno-wn events in their lives are given.

In addition to Allen county and the many follo-wnng coun-
ties named in honor of pioneers, there are a large number of
counties in the United States named in honor of statesmen
herein. The origin of the latter names are usually -svell
known.

36 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

The Reverend William Youell Allen, chaplain of
the Congress of the Republic of Texas.

General Joseph Caldwell Anderson, legislator and
pro-slaver}^ leader of Kansas, in honor of whom
Anderson county, Kansas, is named.

General Robert Anderson, of South Carolina, in
honor of whom Anderson county, South Carolina,
is named.

Colonel "William P. Anderson, colonel of the 24th
infantry, U. S. A., in the War of 1812.

General Matthew Arbuckle, commander of the
expedition against the Fowltown Indians (supra).

Major Lanty Armstrong, second in command in
Slaughter's Kentucky regiment at New Orleans,
which, in the center, withstood the choicest troops
then on earth, brought to Louisiana in England's
then most expensive expedition, costing two hun-
dred million dollars, some of which troops destroyed
Napoleon's Old Guard at Waterloo, the result at
New Orleans being the greatest shock British pride
had then ever experienced,

J. W. Bashford, Methodist Episcopal missionary
bishop in China.

Captain William Bean, who in 1769-70 became the
"first Tennesseean,"* settling first at Boone's creek,
near Johnson City, Tennessee, and afterwards at
Bean's station, Grainger county, Tennessee.

H. S. Beatie, first to erect a house in Nevada and
first to settle in the Carson valley of that state.

Dr. Gideon Blackburn, superintendent of mission-
ary work among the Cherokees and educator in
three states.

♦Historical priorities, there being otliers among- the pio-
neers, are dangerous. There is always the liability someone
win come along with some incident earlier than the one that
has been recited.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 37

General Samuel Blackburn, orator of Georgia
and Tennessee, as well as Virginia.

Captain John Blakemore, who with Colonel John
Donelson, his ranking officer, was one of the two
admirals of the little fleet, subject to smallpox and
Indian volleys, carrying the men and women down
the Tennessee river, first to settle in the Cumber-
land district.

Colonel Anthony Bledsoe, of Tennessee, killed by
the Indians, in honor of whom Bledsoe county, Ten-
nessee, is named.

The Boggs of California, arrivals there in 1848.

The Boones of Kentucky, Missouri, Kansas and
Colorado, of whom was Colonel Daniel Boone, in
honor of whom counties in eight states are named.*

Colonel John Bowman, county lieutenant of the
county of Kentucky, colonel of the Kentucky militia
in 1776, and commander of Bowman's expedition
of 1779 against the Indians.

Colonel William Bowyer, who with a body of
men reinforced Mcintosh on the Ohio in 1776.

Matthew Bracken, Kentucky hunter, killed at the
battle of Point Pleasant, whose name was given to
a Kentucky creek, whence a Kentucky county took
its name.

William Bratton, one of the immortal Lewis and
Clark expedition, discoverers of America's North-
west.

General Robert Breckinridge, first speaker of the
house of representatives of Kentucky and member
of the Virginia constitutional convention of 1788.

*In the index of the "Descriptive List of the Manuscript
CoHections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin,"
whicli society owns the famous Draper coUection, there are
some of the Boones, their relatives and neighbors, who had
connections with Augusta county, but not all of them.

38 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

Captain John S. Brooks, aide to Colonel James

"W. Fannin at the Fannin massacre, and who, unable

to walk, was carried out and shot by the Mexicans.

/ Morgan Bryan (Bryant), one of the first men to

"''take up land" in Western North Carolina.

Captain William Bryan (Bryant), founder of
Bryan's (Bryant's) station, Kentucky, near Lex-
ington, at which station the Indian siege occurred.

Colonel John Buchanan, who with others made
an expedition to the West in 1748, possibly as far
as Kentucky.

George Calhoun, a lieutenant with George Rog-
ers Clark and first to survey the Ohio river west
of Louisville.

James S. Calhoun, United States Indian agent in
New Mexico in 1849 (supra).
-^ Captain Patrick Calhoun, Indian fighter and lead-
er in the Long Cane settlement. South Carolina.

Captain James Callaway, killed while with his
rangers in Missouri in 1814, in honor of whom Cal-
laway county, Missouri, is named.

Colonel Arthur Campbell, of Tennessee, in honor
of whom Campbell county, Tennessee, is named.

Captain John Campbell, who settled at the ''Royal
Oak" estate in Tennessee and was an officer at the
battle of Long Island Flats in 1776.

Colonel John Campbell, of Kentucky, in honor
of whom Campbell county, Kentucky, is named.

Colonel John B. Campbell, who fell at Chippewa,
while commanding the right wing of Scott's army

Captain William Patton Anderson Campbell, an
explorer in Africa in 1868 for the Khedive, upon
which expedition he died.

General Christopher ("Kit") Carson, moun-
taineer and guide to Fremont, the "Pathfinder," in

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 39

honor of whom Kit Carson county, Colorado, and
Carson county, Nevada — this once important Ne-
vada county not now in existence — and the capital
of Nevada, are named (supra).

Samuel P. Carson, of Texas, in honor of w^hom
Carson county, Texas, is named (supra).

General Gracey Childers, colonel of the "fighting
first Tennessee," in the Islands of Luzon, Panay and
Cebu, the Philippines.

Colonel William Christian, who commanded 1,200
Virginians on the Cherokee expedition of 1776 and
a settler of 1785 on Bear Grass, Kentucky, killed in
a punitive expedition against the savages in 1785,
in honor of whom Christian county, Kentucky, is
named — the counties of that name in Illinois and
Missouri having been named by settlers from and
in memory of the mother county in Kentucky.

Ralph Clayton, founder of Clayton, county seat
of St. Louis county, Missouri.

Governor Henry Connelley, trader on the Santa
Fe trail and explorer of Oklahoma and northern
Texas in 1889-40 (supra).

Colonel William Craig, mountain man of the
American Fur Company, associate of Carson and
Meek, Indian agent in Washington and assistant
to Governor Isaac I. Stevens in making treaties
with the Washington and Idaho Indians, incorrectly
credited with having given the State of Idaho its
name.

Thomas Brown Craighead, legislator of Arkan-
sas, in honor of whom Craighead county, Arkansas,
is named.

Colonel Joseph Crockett, commander of the
Crockett regiment in the Illinois campaign with
General George Rogers Clark.

40 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

Judge Joseph B. Crockett, jurist, of the supreme
court of California.

Robert Crockett, Long Hunter and first white
man killed by the Indians in Tennessee.

Colonel Walter Crockett, who was at Olympia,
Washington, in 1851.

General Samuel Dale, the "Daniel Boone of Ala-
bama," in honor of whom Dale county, Alabama,
is named.

Colonel Jo Hamilton Daveiss, rival of Henry Clay
as an orator and first Avestern lawyer to appear
before the Supreme Court of the United States,
killed at Tippecanoe, in honor of whom counties in
four States are named.*

Dr. Samuel Doak, member of the Franklin con-
vention and who established in 1788-89 a school in
Washington county, Tennessee, the first classical
school west of the Alleghenies, forerunner of Wash-
ington College, Tennessee.

The Drakes of the Cumberland country, of whom
was the rough and fearless Joseph Drake, killed at
Boonesborough in 1778.

Captain Jacob Drennon, who was with the Mc-
Afees in Kentucky in 1773 and an officer in the
British army, killed on the Ohio in 1787.

Colonel Alexander Duulap, who after leaving his
fort at Clover Lick, in Virginia, became the first
permanent settler between the northwest of Lex-
ington, Kentucky', and the Kentucky river, in
Woodford county, the "asparagus patch of Ken-
tuck}', " and was a founder of the famous Pisgah
academy, a forerunner of Transylvania University.

*He spelled his name Daveiss. The United States postal
department speUs the name in these four counties in Illinois,
Indiana, Kentucky and Missouri, Daviess.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 41

Colonel James Dnnlap, soldier, legislator, Presi-
dential elector and "Whig candidate for governor of
Ohio.

General Richard G. Dnnlap, commander of East
Tennesseeans in the Florida war (supra).

Judge Williamson Dunn, ranger captain of lii-
diana, said to have refused an election to the United
States Senate.

Captain John Edmondson, killed at the River
Raisin, in honor of whom Edmondson county, Ken-
tucky, is named.

Colonel William Edmondson, a captain in the
Cherokee expeditions of 1776 and 1777.

Captain James Estill, killed at Estill's defeat, in
honor of whom Estill county, Kentucky, is named.

General James M. Estill, fascinating and cour-
ageous political leader of pioneer politicians in the
spectacular politics of California in the '50s.

General Robert Evans, founder of Evansville, In-
diana.

Andrew Ewin, clerk of the court of the Cumber-
land Compact.

Baker Ewing, delegate to the Virginia assembly
from a Kentucky county and first registrar of the
land office of Kentucky in 1788.

General Robert Ewing, Kentucky legislator and
general officer in the war of 1812.

Captain John Finley, who explored Kentucky in
1773, was conductor of Daniel Boone to that state,
and was commander at Wheeling against the west-
ern Indians.

Colonel William Fleming, state legislator for
many years from Madison county, Alabama, and
Presidential elector from that state in 1825.

42 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

Colonel G. R. Clark Floyd, Avho gallantly com-
manded a regiment at Tippecanoe.

Judge John Garber, justice of the supreme court
of Nevada and admitted leader of the San Fran-
cisco bar when it was one of the ablest in the
countrj^

Captain James Gay, border scout and who with
his brothers-in-law aided in the establishment of a
Kentucky industry by bringing the first improved
cattle into that state before the "seventeens"
came.

Colonel John H. Gibson, lieutenant colonel
wounded at New Orleans and quartermaster in the
Florida war, in honor of Avhom Gibson county,
Tennessee, is named.

Ishom Gilham, sheriff in 1812 of Madison county,
Illinois, when it comprised the northern half of
that state and the present State of Wisconsin, of
a family whom an old chronicler credits to a great
extent with defeating the convention or slavery
party in Illinois in 1824 and keeping Illinois a free
state.

The Gillespies, of Gillespie's fort, Tennessee,
where the gallant defense against Indian massacre
was made.

Captain James Givens and his son. Captain Rob-
ert Givens, who with Thomas Sharpe. Spencer, the
"Chevalier Bayard of the Cumberland valley," and
others, in 1778, were the first Anglo-Saxons to plant
corn in that valley.

Edward J. GlasgOAv, United States consular
representative at Guaymas, Mexico, in 1841, over-
land trader and captain with Doniphan's men at
the battle of the Sacramento.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

43

Dr. Hugh J. Glenn, largest wheat grower in the
world during his life and Democratic candidate for
governor of California, in honor of whom Glenn
county, California, is named.

Captain Isaac Graham, leader of the Graham af-
fair in California in 1840, a movement not well un-
derstood by historians.

Colonel William Graham, of North Carolina, com-
mander of a regiment in the Cherokee expedition
of 1776.

Mason Greenlee, who "located" the Greenlee
group of mines in Arizona, in honor of whom Green-
lee county, Arizona, is named.

Andrew Greer, a member of the first court of the
county of Washington, North Carolina, this county
then comprising the present Tennessee.

General Adam Guthrie, who commanded at the
battle of the Saline, west of Shawneetown, Illinois.

Colonel James^'A. Hadley, mighty hunter of the
Great Plains and companion thereon of the Grand
Duke Alexis.

Major Andrew Hamilton, who during the Revo-
lution took out a body of Virginians to relieve the
westerners.

Joseph Hamilton, Tennessee judge.

John Hays Hamm^ond, mining engineer in South
Africa and a figure in the Jameson raid (supra).

Captain Samuel Handley, a fighting man who
was captured on the Nickajack expedition.

Abraham Haptonstall, member of the first explor-
ing expedition in 1773 on the site of Louisville, and
who, with Colonel Richard Taylor and Hancock
Taylor, in 1769 made the first trading voyage by
Anglo-Saxons down the Ohio past the Falls (Louis-
ville), going as far as the Yazoo.

44 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

Archer Harman, railroad builder in South Amer-
ica and the "dictator of Ecuador."

Matthias Harman, who made the first settlement
in eastern Kentucky.

Colonel Creed Haymond, captain of the Sierra
Grays under Colonel "Jack" Hays in the campaign
against Chief Winnemucca in Nevada in 1860, which
broke the chief's power, and mighty head of the
legal department in the early days of the Southern
Pacific Railroad in the western United States.

Colonel John C. ("Jack") Hays, commander at
the battle of the Salado in 1842, commander of the
advance company of the Somervell expedition, who
stormed Independence Heights at Monterey, first
sheriff of San Francisco, a founder of Oakland, Cal-
ifornia, and w^ho Avith his troops broke the power
of the Nevada Indians in 1860, in honor of whom
Hays county, Texas, is named.

Colonel Robert Hays, a commander of the expe-
dition resulting in the battle of Coldwater, Ala-
bama, in 1787.

George Hendricks, captured with the salt makers
at the Blue Licks in Kentucky, carried by the Kick-
apoos to the Wabash, and who became a resident of
Illinois in 1786.

The Reverend Moses Montgomery Henkel, mis-
sionary to the Wyandotte Indians.

John Smith Herring, superintendent of the survey
of the Virginia military lands of the West.

The Reverend Robert Hopkins, missionary to the
Dakota Indians.

Samuel Houston, commander-in-chief of the
Texan armies, in honor of whom Houston county,
Minnesota, Houston county, Tennessee, and Hous-
ton count3% Texas, are named (supra).

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 45

Dr. Alfred Young Hull, editor and legislator, in-
strumental in moving the capital of Iowa from Iowa
City to Des Moines.

Major William L. Hunter, large landholder, of
Texas.

Anderson Hutchinson, Texan leader and law part-
ner of Senator Henry S. Foote, in honor of whom
Hutchinson county, Texas, is named.

Mrs. Mary Ingles, one of the first w^hite women
in Kentucky, captives of the Indians.

William H. Jack (supra), author of the Turtle
Bayou resolutions in Texas, and his brother, Patrick
C. Jack, of Texas, in honor of both of whom Jack
county, Texas, is named.

John Gabriel Jones, elected by a popular assem-
bly in Kentuckj^ in 1776, with General George Rog-
ers Clark, to represent the Kentucky country in
the Virginia assembly, and instrumental in estab-
lishing the county of Kentucky, killed by the In-
dians.

Captain William Kincaid, a worthy of Woodford
county, Kentucky.

Colonel James Knox, leader of the Long Hunters
to the AYest in 1769-71, a party composed largely
of Augusta county men, the results of whose ex-
plorations were important.

Colonel James Lauderdale, who fell at New Or-
leans, in honor of whom Lauderdale county, Ala-
bama, Lauderdale county, Mississippi, and Lauder-
dale county, Tennessee, are named.

Major William Lauderdale, who carried the flag
farthest into the Indian country in Florida, by es-
tablishing Fort Lauderdale in that state in 1830.

Captain James Leeper, Tennessee Indian scout
and a signer of the Cumberland Compact, whose

46 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

marriage in 1780 to Miss Susan Drake was tlie first
wedding west of the Cumberland mountains, killed
by the Indians in 1781.

Major Andrew Lewis,* who in 1756 erected
Fort Loudon in what is now Monroe county, Ten-
nessee, the first edifice built by men of British de-
scent in that state (supra).

General John Lawson Lewis, who as a young
man was courier to General Andrew Jackson at
New Orleans.

Joshua Lewis, one of the three commissioners for
taking possession of the Louisiana purchase.

The Reverend Andrew Youell Lockridge, mission-
ary to the Georgia Cherokees.

Stephen D. Logan, jurist, of Illinois, in honor of
whom Logan county, Illinois, is named.

General William Logan, who went to Kentucky
in 1775 and was one of the ablest of the Indian
campaigners, in honor of whom Logan county, Ken-
tucky, and Logan county, Ohio, are named.

Colonel Robert Love, colonel of a regiment en-
gaged against the Chickamaugas in 1778, state
legislator. Presidential elector and one of the com-
missioners who ran the North Carolina-Tennessee
boundary in 1821.

Samuel Love, first settler in Hawkins county,
Tennessee.

General Thomas Love, active in the Tipton-Sevier
controversy, North Carolina and Tennessee legis-
lator and one of the commissioners who ran the
North Carolina-South Carolina boundary in 1814.

*After\varcl General Andrew Lewis, who commanded at
the battle of Point Pleasant, where the power of the Indians
of the Ohio valley was broken, a brother of Colonel Charles
Lewis, the "hero of Point Pleasant," who fell there, in honor
of whom Lewis county. West Virginia, is named.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 47

Colonel AVilliam Lowtlier, a volunteer under Gen-
eral George Kogers Clark and who in 1787 became
colonel of the Northvv'est Territory of Virginia.

The McAfees, first homemakcrs of Kentucky.

General James Haggin McBride, state legislator,
judge in Southwest Missouri, and brigadier-gen-
eral of Confederate Missouri State troops, who
saved the day at "Wilson's creek, where some of his
unarmed companies performed the feat, astonishing
even in American history, of marching to the front
and being shot down until enough Federals were
killed and driven back, so that the unarmed com-
mand might in this manner obtain muskets.

Major "William McBride, member of the first
county court of Kentucky, for the county of Lin-
coln, killed at the battle of the Blue Licks.

Colonel Alexander K. McClung, duellist and lieu-
tenant-colonel in the Mexican war of Colonel (after-
wards President) Jefferson Davis' first Mississippi
regiment, ''composed of the best born, the best ed-
ucated and wealthiest young men of the state,"
and who rode side by side with his colonel and was
wounded at the memorable charge at Monterey
(supra).

Francis McConnell, explorer with others of the
Elkhorn country of the Blue Grass in 1775, and
founder of McConnell 's station, near, now in, Lex-
ington, Kentucky.

Colonel Mark L. McDonald, most extensive min-
ing stock broker of California at the height of the
world's greatest gambling in mining stocks and
candidate for United States senator from Cali-
fornia.

48 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

The McDowells of Kentucky, of whom was Judge
Samuel McDowell, president of the first constitu-
tional convention of Kentucky.

The McFarlands of Jefferson county, Tennessee,
of whom were Colonels John McFarland and Robert
McFarland.

Major Hugh McGary, Indian hunter of Kentucky,
whose impetuosity at the Blue Licks, in the opinion
of some, caused the loss of that battle.

Lieutenant Hugh W. McKee, U. S. N., killed in
leading the American attack on the Corean forts at
Kwang-hoa Island in 1871, in honor of whom Fort
McKee was named.

John McKee, early appointee to the head of the
United States land office at Edwardsville, Illinois.

Colonel John McKee, Indian agent in 1812 for
the Chickamaugas, largely instrumental in 1813 in
causing the Choctaws and Chickamaugas to side
with the whites against the Creeks, one of the com-
missioners in 1829 to negotiate the treaty of Danc-
ing Rabbit, and who, with the father of Vice Ad-
miral David G. Farragut, was one of the "first
Tennesseeans" (supra).

Colonel William R. McKee, who fell with the
"orphaned Kentuckians" at Buena Vista.

"Wild Cat" (John) McKinney, first schoolmas-
ter at Lexington, Kentucky, afterward the "Ath-
ens of the AVest."

John McKnight, associate of General Thomas
James in the expedition of 1821-22 to the Southwest,
the first to trade in the Comanche country, and a
member of the James-McEjiight expedition of 1822-
24, upon which latter he was killed in Oklahoma by
the Indians.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 49

Kobert McKnight, commander of tlie expedition
to Santa Fe in 1812, the second private expedition
of Americans to the Southwest and possibly the
first private expedition over the route traversed.

Thomas McKnight, in 1822 member of the first
city council of St. Louis, in 1826 first civil agent
of the United States Government at the Upper Mis-
sissippi lead mines, in 1836 member of the first coun-
cil of Iowa Territory, in 1838 first receiver of the
United States land office in Iowa, and in 1846 first
Whig candidate for governor of Iowa.

John McMahan, first register of the county of
Washington, this county then comprising the pres-
ent Tennessee.

William McMillan, a founder in 1787 and office-
holder of Fort Washington, now Cincinnati, Ohio
(supra).

Captain John McMurtry, who was one of the
seven prisoners taken by the Indians at the Blue
Licks, who was compelled to run the gauntlet, who
fell finally at Harmar's defeat and whose name is
conspicuously written on the battle monument at
Frankfort, Kentucky.

John McNabb, a member of the first court of the
county of Washington, North Carolina, this county
then comprising the present Tennessee.

Governor George Madison, wounded while with
St. Clair in 1792, a major at Frenchtown and who
was captured at the Eaisin (supra).

James Wiley Magoffin, trader and United States
consular agent at Chiluahua in the '20s, the ''blood-
less conqueror of New Mexico, who fired no gun."

Colonel Casper Mansco (Mansker), who after
being a guide to the Sandy Creek expedition of

50 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINL\

Augustans to the Ohio in 1756, and a Long Hunter,
was the pilot of Tennessee pioneers.

General "William L. Marshall, U. S. A., in honor
of whom Marshall's pass, Colorado, is named
(supra).

General Joseph Martin, Powell's valley agent of
the Transylvania Company during the first settle-
ment of Kentucky and Indian agent of Virginia
from 1777 to 1789.

Colonel William Martin, of Sumner county, Ten-
nessee, who was engaged in protecting the Tennes-
see settlements in 1787.

General George Matthews, brigadier general on
the Florida frontier, early expansionist and com-
missioner to receive Florida if offered to the United
States, but who co-operated with his filibuster ex-
pedition and deposed the Spanish authorities
(supra).

Dr. David MaxAvell, who is accredited with writ-
ing the first constitution of Indiana and establish-
ing its school system.

Colonel Joseph L. Meek, mountain man, whose
influence carried the day at Champoeg, Oregon, in
the establishment there in 1843 of the first Amer-
ican civil government west of the Rockies, and who
brought in 1847 the message to protect Oregon to
his family connection. President Polk.

Return Jonathan Meigs, 3rd, legislator, jurist and
Indian agent for the Cherokees and Creeks, in honor
of whom Meigs county, Tennessee, is named.

Samuel A. Merritt, prominent citizen of Califor-
nia and Delegate from Idaho Territorj* to the United
States Congress.

Colonel John Montgomery, associate of General
George Rogers Clark in the Kaskaskia campaign,

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 51

first sheriff of Davidson county, Tennessee, in which
Nashville is located, founder of Clarksville, Ten-
nessee, and commander of the Nickajack expedi-
tion of 1794, killed by the Indians, in honor of
whom Montgomery county, Tennessee, is named.

Major L. P, Montgomery, hero of the battle of
Horseshoe Bend, in honor of whom a county and
the capital of Alabama are named.

Captain James Moore, leader in 1781 of the first
party of Americans into Illinois.

The Reverend James Moore, president of Tran-
sylvania University and a James Lane Allen char-
acter.

General James Biggs Moore, ranger captain in
Illinois in the wav of 1812, first sheriff of the then
large county of Monroe, Illinois, and Indian fighter.

The Reverend AVilliam McCutchan Morrison,
African missionary in the Congo.

Captain Alexander Neeley, Tennessee associate of
the Bledsoes, killed by the Indians near Bledsoe's
Lick, Tennessee.

Colonel Samuel Newell, m.ember of the Franklin
convention.

Stephen F. Nuckolls, legislator of Nebraska Ter-
ritory, active in gaining statehood for that terri-
tory-, mining operator in Colorado and first Dele-
gate from "Wyoming Territory to the United States
Congress, in honor of whom Nuckolls county, Ne-
braska, is named.

Colonel "William Patterson, member of the first
legislature of Iowa Territory in 1838, member of
the Iowa constitutional convention of 1857, mayor
of Keokuk, one of those credited with having pre-
vented the "Iowa-Missouri war" and packer mag-
nate of the Mississippi valley.

52 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

Colonel James Patton, nabob of western Virginia,
who with others from Augusta county and else-
where made an expedition to the West in 1748, pos-
sibly as far as Kentucky.

General Andrew Pickens, who served in the cam-
paign against the Cherokees in 1782, in honor of
whom Pickens county. South Carolina, is named.

Colonel James Poage, founder of Kipley, Ohio,
the abolition center.

General John Poage, Kentucky soldier.

General Alexander Posej^, commander of a bri-
gade in the Black Hawk war.

Emory Rains, immigrant to Texas in 1826 and
member of the Senate of the Republic of Texas, the
Texas constitutional convention of 1845 and the
Texas state legislature, in honor of whom Rains
county, Texas, is named.

Captain John Rains, Long Hunter, Indian fighter
and favorite scout of General James Robertson,
"father of Tennessee."

Lieutenant Sevier McClellan Rains, U. S. A.,
killed with his detachment at Craig's mountain, in
the worst massacre of Americans by the Indians
in Howard's Idaho campaign in the Nez Perce war
of 1877.

General Jonathan Ramsey, legislator of Missouri.

General Isaac de B. Read, Indian fighter of Flor-
ida and duellist, assassinated on the streets of Tal-
lahassee.

Moses Renfroe, leader of the first settlers into
the rich Montgomery county, Tennessee, country.

General William Renick, respected citizen of
Ohio.

Archibald Rhea, of Rhea's fort, near Knoxville,
Tennessee.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 53

Colonel Alexander Robertson, member of the Vir-
ginia convention of 1788 from Kentucky and Vir-
ginia legislature of 1789 from Kentucky, and ''who
built the first fine house in Kentucky" — a distinc-
tion claimed by others.

Major Andrew S. Rowan, U. S, A., who "carried
the message to Garcia" in Cuba.

George Ruffner, Indian fighter of the Scioto.

Captain Robert Russell, who watli his brother,
Colonel "William Russell, used their company to
protect the settlers at Nashville in 1780 while they
raised their first crop of corn.

Colonel William Russell, boy pioneer of fifteen,
with Colonel Daniel Boone in Kentucky, legislator
of Virginia and Kentucky, with Wayne, Scott and
Wilkinson in their campaign against the Indians,
conspicuous at Tippecanoe, commander of the ex-
pedition against the Peoria Indians, commander of
the Indiana, Illinois and Missouri frontiers and com-
mander of the old 7tli infantry regiment, U. S.
A. — part of which was consolidated in 1815 with
parts of other regiments to form the present 1st
infantry regiment, U. S. A. — in honor of whom
Russell county, Kentucky, is named.

General William Russell, U. S. A,, who in addi-
tion to his career in the East, was a member of the
party of Long Hunters in Tennessee, in honor of
whom Russell county, Virginia, is named (supra).

Colonel William H. Russell, who led the Russell
party to California in 1816 and was first provisional
secretary of state of California.

General George Rutledge, member of the Ten-
nessee state senate and constitutional convention,
militarv commander of East Tennessee and who

54 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

was in Christian's campaign against tlie Cherokees
and Shelby's campaign against the Chickamaugas.

Captain John Peter Sailing, western hunter and
adventurer in 1742, who was captured by the
Cherokees, carried down the Ohio to the Mississippi,
taken by the French as a spy, placed on a vessel
for France, but captured hy a British cruiser and
landed at Charleston, South Carolina.

Colonel John Sawyers, who conducted Gilbert
Christian and William Anderson, both from Au-
gusta county, in an exploring trip as far as Haw-
kins county, Tennessee, in 1768-69.

William ("Turkey Hill") Scott, who in 1794 went
to Illinois and who founded the Turkey Hill set-
tlement, known far and wide to early Illinoisans,

The Seviers of Tennessee, of whom was General
John Sevier, U. S. A. (supra), commonwealth build-
er, in honor of whom Sevier county, Tennessee, is
named.

"Bonny Kate" Sevier (formerly Sherrill), popu-
lar heroine of Tfennessee and wife of General John
Sevier, U. S. A.

Jacob K. Shafer, California '49er, leading citizen
and Delegate from Idaho Territory to the United
States Congress.

General Daniel Smith, secretary of state of the
Territory South of the Ohio River and brigadier
general of the Miro District, Tennessee, in honor
of whom Smith county, Tennessee, is named
(supra).

Colonel William Snodgrass, who after having
been chief of scouts for Colonel William Campbell,
the "hero of King's Mountain," also from Augusta

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

55

county,* was lieutenant colonel of Tenn^sseeans at
Horseshoe Bend in the Creek war.

John Steele, secretary of state of Mississippi and
commissioner to treat with the Cherokees,

General John Dunlap Stevenson, one of the ablest
captains in Doniphan's march to Mexico, which
"like Xenophon's, was the most extraordinary
march in the military annals of its time" (supra).

Major Samuel Stevenson, associate of Colonel
Alexander Dunlap in the settlement of Woodford
county, the "asparagus patch of Kentucky."

Milton Sublette, the "thunderbolt of the
Kockies," and part owner of Fort Laramie.

Captain William Sublette, who with Robert
Campbell erected in 1834 Fort William, later called
Fort Laramie, the first permanent post and build-
ing in Wyoming, where passed thousands of the
immigrants to the Pacific coast, and who was in
command at the battle with the Blackfeet in 1832.
General Nathaniel Taylor, scout on the Tennessee
frontier, a soldier of the Creek war and who was
in command of a Tennessee brigade in the war of
1812 and with General James Winchester defended
Mobile when threatened by the British.

Bishop William Taylor, missionary in California,
Australia, the West Indies, the East Indies and
Africa, of which latter he was Methodist Episcopal
bishop.

Captain James Thompson, guard to Colonel Wil-
liam Christian upon the Cherokee campaign of
1776.

*In the index of the "Descriptive List of the Manuscript
CoUections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin,"
tliere are a number, but not all of the officers of Augusta
origin at King's Mountain, with General George Rogers Clark
and in the Revolutionary warfare in the Carolinas. Colonel
William Campbell had no important western experience and
is therefore not to be found above.

56 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

Judge Frank Tilford, member of the ayunta-
miento of San Francisco while it was still a pueblo,
first city recorder of San Francisco, who caused the
first endowment ever bestowed on a San Francisco
public school, holder of other offices in Nevada and
California and gifted orator.

William L, Todd, one of the heads of the Swasey-
Todd party to California in 1845 and the member
of the Bear Flag party, attempting to establish the
Kepublic of California, who painted the Bear Flag,
the California emblem now used everj^where in that
state.

Colonel Stephen Trigg, killed at the battle of the
Blue Licks, in honor of whom Trigg county, Ken-
tucky, is named.

Colonel William A. Trimble, who defended Fort
Erie on the Canada side, established the post of
Fort Des Moines, Iowa, and co-operated with Gen-
eral Andrew Jackson in his Florida expedition of
1818 and capture of St. Mark's and Pensacola,
Florida (supra).

General George Trotter, a hero of the battle of
the Thames.

Colonel David Vance, after his Revolutionary
service, one of the commissioners to establish the
North Carolina-Tennessee boundary of 1799.

Joel P. Walker, veteran of the Seminole war,
Santa Fe trader, member of the first constitutional
convention of California and head in 1841 of the
first emigrant party of men, women and children to
cross the Eockj^ mountains to the Pacific coast.

Captain Joseph K Walker, one of the most fa-
mous mountaineers, guide to Fremont, the "Path-
finder," and conductor of Bonneville's expedition
to California in the early '30s — the first to take

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 57

wagons across the Rockies — in honor of whom
Walker lake, Walker river and Walker pass are
named.

Captain James Walkup, settler in 1755 and leader
in the Waxhaws, North Carolina, and who after-
wards with Governor William Richardson Davie
fought the battle of Walkup's (Wacub's) planta-
tion,

Joseph Walkup, early California cattleman, poli-
tician and lieutenant governor of California, said
to have refused an election to the United States
Senate.

Captain William A. C'Big Foot") Wallace, who
was a member of the Mier expedition to Mexico,
went through the "lottery of death," led the expe-
dition's remnants to Texas and was Comanche and
Mexican fighting associate of Colonel "Jack" Hays.

Wallen, Scaggs, Cox and Blevins, who were a
hunting party in Carter's valley, Tennessee, in
1760-61.

Colonel William Ward, founder of Urbana, Ohio.

Captain Jacob Warrick, acting major and killed
at Tippecanoe, in honor of whom Warrick county,
Indiana, is named.

Colonel Samuel Weir, of Tennessee, of whom it
has been incorrectly published that he wrote the
constitution of the State of Franklin.

Lewis Wetzel, Indian fighter on the Ohio, who
died on the Brazos, in honor of whom Wetzel coun-
ty. West Virginia, is named.

Colonel William Whitley, commander of the Nick-
ajack expedition to Tennessee in 1794, one of a
number of those credited with killing Tecumseh,
and himself killed in leading the "forlorn hope" at

58 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

the Thames, in honor of whom "Whitley county, In-
diana, and Whitley county, Kentucky, are named.

The Reverend John Poage Williamson, mission-
ary to the Dakota Indians.

General John Wilson, United States Indian agent
in 1849 at Salt Lake, and who advised the consoli-
dation of the State of Deseret, California, and the
territory acquired from Mexico into one state —
possibly another dream of western empire.

James Woods, of Nashville, first successfully to
produce iron on a large scale in the Southwest.

Both General George Rogers Clark, the "Han-
nibal of the West," and Colonel William Clark, of
the Lewis and Clark expedition, had relatives in
Augusta county, whom tliey visited, but their resi-
dence in Virginia is associated with another Vir-
ginia county, Albemarle, adjoining Augusta county.

PROFESSIONALISTS

Among professionalists, because numerous of the
most distinguished lawyers have been mentioned
above and the genealogies of university presidents
are easily accessible, these are not included.

Among surgeons and physicians there are :

Dr. Samuel Brown, first inoculator (with Dr.
David Ramsey) of smallpox.

Dr. Joseph R. Buchanan, a founder of the eclectic
school and medical author.

Dr. Henry Massie Bullitt, medical author and who
held chairs in five medical schools, one of which,
Louisville Medical College, he founded.

Dr. Alexander Dunlap, vice president of the
American Medical Association, and who shares
honors vrith Dr. Ephraim McDowell, first ovariotom-
ist in the modern world, Dr. Dunlap having been

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 59

the second, and independent of and knowing nothing
of Dr. McDowell's ovariotomy, having performed it
in scores of successful operations.

Dr. Lewis McFarland Gaines, neurologist, of
Atlanta, Georgia.

Dr. Samuel C. Gleaves, medical director, C. S. A.,
ready writer and president of the Medical Society
of Virginia.

Dr. George Ben Johnston, president of the Ameri-
can Surgical Association.

Dr. James M. Laird, a leading physician of west-
ern Virginia.

Dr. Charles McCreary, first to remove the collar
bone — in 1813.

Dr. Ephraim McDov/ell, first ovariotomist in the
modern world.

Dr. Lewis S. McMurtry, president of the American
Medical Association.

Dr. AVilliam Marcellus McPheeters, medical editor.

Dr. Joseph McD. Mathews, president of the Ameri-
can Medical Association.

Dr. John W. Monette, first to control yellow fever
by quarantine — in New Orleans in 1841 — pioneer
scientist of the Mississippi valley and who stated
hypothetically many of the Darwinian principles
thirty-five years before Darwin arrived at them by
the inductive process.

Dr. Edward E. Montgomery, president of the
American Association of Obstetricians and Gyne-
cologists.

Dr. Eugene Lindsay Opie, pathologist of the Rock-
feller Institute.

60 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

Dr. "William Owen, who reset the entire shaft of
the tibia, preserving the periosteum, as early as
1816.

Dr. Robert J. Preston, alienist and president of
the American Medico-Psychological Association.

Major Andrew Taylor Still, founder of osteopathy.

Dr. Francis T. Stribling, prime mover in the organ-
ization of the Association of Medical Superinten-
dents of Institutions for the Insane.

Dr. Harvey W. Wiley, chief of the United States
Bureau of Chemistry.

Dr. Hugh H. Young, president of the American As-
sociation of Genito-Urinary Surgeons.

Among contemporary authors, writers and pub-
licists and those of greater prominence in recent de-
cades, all these being chosen arbitrarily, are :*

Ednah Robinson Aiken.

Archer Anderson.

Joseph Reid Anderson, Jr.

Marian Polk Angelotti.

Robert A. Armstrong.

Thomas Jackson Arnold.

John P. Arthur.

George W. Atkinson (supra).

Joseph Glover Baldwin.

J. "VV. Bashford (supra).

Robert Bennett Bean.

Mrs. Oliver H. P. Belmont.

James Gillespie Birney.

"William Birney (supra).

George A. Blackburn.

♦Sketches of practically all these contemporaries now living
are in "Who's Who in America."

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 61

Andrew Alexander Blair.

Francis P. Blair.

Francis P. Blair, Jr. (supra).

Alexander Lee Bondurant.

Virginia Frazer Boyle.

John C. Branner.

Sophonisba Preston Breckinridge.

Joseph M. Brown (supra).

Oswald Eugene Brown,

Alice Vivian Brownlee.

William G. Browulow (supra).

Nettie Houston Bringhurst.

Charles Neville Buck.

M. B. Buford.

James Branch Cabell.^ — -^

Joshua W. Caldwell.

William A. Carruthers.

Charles Catlett.

William Estabrook Chancellor.

Dwiglit Lancelot Clarke.

Arthur St. Clair Colyar (supra).

0. W. Coursey.

Charles L. Cojmer.

John Grant Crabbe.

Hardin Craig.

Ingi-m Crockett.

Samuel McChord Crothers.

Charles W. Dabney.

Olive Tilford Dargan.

Maria Thompson Daviess.

E. L. Dohoney.

Fanny Casseday Duncan.

Lucille Eaves.

62 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

John B. Ellis.

William Eastin English (supra).

William H. English (supra).

Harry Fishburne Estill.

Fayette Clay Ewing.

Finis Ewing.

Quincy Ewing.

Claude N, Feamster.

John Finley.

George Burnam Foster,

Jessie Benton Fremont.

Preston Gibson.

Ellen Glasgow.

Albert Gleaves (supra).

Albert V. Goodpasture.

John Eidley Goodpasture.

John Temple Graves.

Charles Wilson Greene.

Hiram Hadley.

James A. Hadley (supra).

John P. Hale.

Will N. Harben.

Samuel Hodge.

Moses Drury Hoge.

Peyton Harrison Hoge.

Addison Hogue.

Elijah Embree Hoss.

George Maxwell Howe.

Eobert M. Hughes.

Walter Hullihen.

Mary Gay Humphreys.

Milton Wylie Humphreys.

Anne Bachman Hyde.

AUGUSTxV COUNTY, VIRGINIA 63

Adam Rankin Johnson (supra).
Mary Johnston.
William Preston Johnston.
Willis M, Kemper.
Eleanor Talbot Kinkead.
Elizabeth Shelby Kinkead.
John Holladay Latane.
Samuel Allan Lattemore.
Mary Lewis.
John Lej^burn.
Louisa Preston Looney.
Cleland Boyd McAfee.
Joseph Ernest McAfee.
Addams S. McAllister.
Joseph T. McAllister.
Mary Greenway McClellan.
Medill McCormick (supra).
James Edward McCulloch.
Ben Frederick McCutcheon.
John T. McCutcheon.
Robert Barr McCutcheon.
Robert McNutt McElroy.
John Berry McFerrin.
Lanier McKee.
Joseph W. McSpadden.
William H. Marquess.
Nelly Nichol Marshall.
Lannie Haynes Martin.
Paul Matthews,
Maud L. Merrimon.
Benjamin C. Moomaw.
Edward A. Moore.
Thomas A. Morris.

64 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

Mrs. Jennie C. Morton.

Ehrman Syme Nadal.

Cleophas Cisney O'Harra.

Sallie M. O'Malley.

Stuart Olivier.

John Shelton Patton.

John G. Paxton.

William M. Paxton.

William David Pence.

John Robertson Pepper,

John Lewis Peyton.

Sarah Morgan Bryan Piatt.

Hannah' Daviess Pittman.

Alexander White Pitzer.

Melville Davisson Post.

Frank J, Price.

Samuel Woodson Price (supra).

William T. Price.

John Rankin.

Junius Benjamin Reimensnyder.

Violo Roseboro.

Andrew S. Rowan (supra).

Edwin Milton Royle.

Henry Ruffner.

W. H. Rufener.

Ripley Dunlap Saunders.

T. J. J. See.

William A. Shanklin.

Luther Short.

Charles Alphonso Smith.

Egbert Watson Smith.

Henry Louis Smith.

Mary Stuart Smith.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 65

"William Russell Smith (supra).

Almon E, Spencer.

John Robert Sitlington Sterrett.

Givens Brown Strickler.

A, P. Summers.

George Braxton Taylor.

Oliver Taylor,

Mark Twain (Samuel Langhorne Clemens).

John J. Tygart.

James Isaac Vance.

Joseph Anderson Vance,

Sue Landon Adams Vaughn.

Clara Peck Vawter,

Francis P, Venable.

Charles Edward Waddell.

Joseph A, Waddell.

"William English Walling

Ellen Hardin Walworth.

Benjamin B, Warfield.

Ethelbert Dudley Warfield,

Henry Watterson.

George Armstrong Wauchope (name changed,
idem sonens, from Walkup to its original form,
Wauchope).

Emma Siggins White.

Henry Alexander White.

Edwin Wiley.

Harvey W, Wiley (supra).

John Poage Williamson (supra).

Alpheus Waters Wilson.

Woodrow Wilson (supra).

Hugh D. Wise,

Mrs, Wilson Woodrow.

66 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

Katherine Pearson Woods.

Thomas Lee Woolwine.

Bennett H. Young.

Bert E. Young,

John Quincy Adams Ward, the American sculptor.

Among capitalists and leaders of industry, besides
scores of others, are the Alexanders of the Equitable
Life Assurance Society of the United States, Oliver
Beirne, v/ealthiest southern capitalist of his period,
the Gays of St. Louis and Louisiana, greatest sugar
magnates of the South at one time, the McCormicks
of the Harvester trust, and James A. Moffett, acting
head of the Standard Oil Companj^

SOME WIVES
Eminent Americans who have married vromen who
lived in Augusta county prior to 1776 or who ascend
in some line or lines to someone once resident in
the county, the maiden name of such wife being
parenthetical after that of her husband, are named.
No special effort has been made to assemble these
wives of Augusta county origin Avho have married
men of distinction, this list having been hurriedly
collected from my papers :

PRESIDENTS
Abraham Lincoln (Todd).

Samuel Houston, President of the Kepublic of
Texas (Allen).*

*The repeated statements, once published, that Miss Mary
Webb, who married President Rutherford B. Hayes, is a
descendant of the Pack family, of Augusta county, are erro-
neous. Her only possible line of descent from Augusta
county would be through her Ware ancestry, of which noth-
ing is known by some of her relatives.

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 67

VICE PRESIDENT
John Calchvell Calhoun (Colhoim).

JUSTICES OP THE SUPREME COURT OP THE UNITED
STATES

Howell E. Jackson (Hardin),

Stanley Matthews (Black).

CABINET OPPICERS

Edward Bates, Secretary of War, Attorney Gen-
eral (Coalter).)

John Caldwell Calhoun, Secretary of State, Secre-
tary of War (supra),

John B. Floyd, Secretary of War (Preston),

Felix Grund}^, Attorney General (Rodgers),

Albert Sidney Johnston, Secretary of War of the
Republic of Texas (Preston),

William G. McAdoo, Secretary of the Treasury
(Wilson).

Peter B. Porter, Secretary of War (Breckinridge).

Alexander H. H. Stuart, Secretary of the Interior
(Baldwin).

William Wirt, Attorney General (Gamble).

DIPLOMATISTS

John E. Bacon, Minister to Uruguay and Para-
guay (Pickens).

Washington Barrow, Minister to Portugal
(Shelby).

Baron Gauldree Boilleau, Minister of France to
Peru (Benton).

Neil S. Brown, Minister to Russia (Trimble).

Thomas G. Clemson, Minister to Belguim (Cal-
houn).

68 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

Tilg-riman A. Howard, Minister to Mexico (Max-
well).

Eobert P. Letcher, Minister to Mexico (Robert-
son).

Thomas P. Moore, Minister to Colombia (McAfee).

Baron E, cle Nagell, Minister of The Netherlands
to China (Calhoun).

Alphonse Pageot, Minister of P'rance to the United
States (Lewis).

James C. Pickett, Minister to Ecuador, Minister
to Peru (Desha).

James D. Porter, Minister to Chile (Dunlap).

William Preston, Minister to Spain, Minister of
the Confederate States to Mexico (Wickliffe).

Bellamy Storer, Ambassador to Austria-Hungary,
Minister to Belgium, Minister to Spain (Longworth).

Francis Thomas, Minister to Peru (McDowell).

Harvey McGee Watterson, Minister to the Argen-
tine Republic (Black).

John B. Weller, Minister to Mexico (Taylor).

GENERAL OFFICERS OF ARMIES

Francis C. Armstrong, C. S. A. (Walker).

James Franklin Bell (Buford).

Judson W. Bishop (Axtell).

Francis P. Blair, Jr. (Alexander).

John S. Bowen, C. S. A. (Kennerly).

Jeremiah T. Boyle (Anderson).

John Buford (Duke).

Henry B. Carrington (Sullivant).

Thomas J. Churchill, C. S. A. (Sevier).

Henry Martyn Cist (Morris).

Francis M. Cockrell, C. S. A. (Ewing).

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 69

Raleigh E. Colston, C. S. A. (Bowyer).

Cyrus Ballon Comstock (Blair).

Frank M. Coxe (McGavock).

John Echols, C. S. A, (Caperton).

John B. Floyd, C. S. A. (supra).

Nathan B. Forrest, C, S. A. (Montgomery).

John C. Fremont (Benton).

E. A. Garlington (Buford).

George W. Getty (Stevenson).

Charles A. Gilchrist (Walker).

Wade Hampton, C. S. A, (Preston).

Benjamin Hardin Helm, C. S, A. (Todd).

Walter Howe (Dunn).

John D. Imboden, C. S. A. (McCue).

Alfred E. Jackson, C. S. A. (Taylor).

James S. Jackson (Buford).

William H. Jackson, C. S. A. (Harding).

George D. Johnston, C. S. A. (Barnett),

Albert Sidney Johnston, C. S. A., U. S. A., Com-
mander-in-Chief of the Texan Army (supra).

William E. Jones, C. S, A. (Dunn).

Stephen Watts Kearny (Radford).

William J. Landram (Walker).

Andrew Lewis, Continental Army (Givens).

John A, McClernand (Dunlap).

The 9th Duke of Marlborough, Sir Charles Richard
John Spencer, K. G., P. C, British Army (Vander-
bilt).

Gideon J. Pillow, C. S. A., U. S. A. (Martin).

Peter B. Porter (supra).

Thomas Posey (Matthews).

William Preston, C. S. A. (supra).
Sterling Price, C. S. A., U. S. V. (Head).

70 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

Charles Maule Ramsey, British Army (Garrison).

Benjamin P. Runkle (McMieken).

William Russell (Adams).

John Sevier (Sherrill).

Charles M. Shelley, C. S. A. (McConnell).

Green Clay Smith (Duke).

John Dunlap Stevenson (Letcher).

Alexander M. Stout (Singleton).

Gates P. Thruston (Hamilton).

James A. Walker, C. S. A. (Poage).

Frederick King Ward (Dunn).

Gabriel C. Wharton, C. S. A. (Radford).

Samuel Marmaduke Whitside (MeGavock).

John S. Williams, C. S. A. (Harrison).

James A, Williamson (Gregory).

REAR ADMIRALS

Warner B, Bayley (Williamson).
Albert Kautz (Hemphill),
S. P. Lee (Blair).

NATIONAL SENATORS
Thomas H. Benton, Missouri (McDowell).
Joseph C. S. Blackburn, Kentucky (Graham).
William 0. Bradley, Kentucky (Duncan).
William James Bryan, Florida (Allan).
John Caldwell Calhoun, South Carolina (supra).
Johnson N. Camden, Kentucky (Hart).
Alexander Campbell, Ohio (Dunlap).
Francis M. Cockrell, Missouri (supra).
Alexander Dixon, Kentucky (Bullitt).
John C. Fremont, California (supra).
Felix Grund}", Tennessee (supra).
Wade Hampton, South Carolina (supra).

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 71

Martin D. Hardin, Kentucky (Logan).
William Harper, South Carolina (Gamble).
Frank Hereford, West Virginia (Caperton).
Howell E. Jackson, Tennessee (supra).
Spencer Jarnagin, Tennessee (Kinder).
John W. Johnston, Virginia (Floyd).
John F, Lewis, Virginia (Sheffey).
William Logan, Kentucky (Wallace).
Stanley Matthews, Ohio (supra).
Andrew Moore, Virginia (Reid).
Lee Slater Overman, North Carolina (Merrimon).
Isaac S. Pennybacker, Virginia (Dyer).
Thomas Posey, Louisiana (supra).
William C. Preston, South Carolina (Coalter).
Samuel Price, West Virginia (Stuart).
John Knight Shields, Tennessee (Fulkerson) .
Robert L. Taylor, Tennessee (St. John).
Joseph Rogers Underwood, Kentucky (Trotter).
George Graham Vest, Missouri, Confederate States
Senator from Missouri (Sneed).
John B. Weller, California (supra).
Hugh Lawson White, Tennessee (Carrick).
John S. Williams, Kentucky (supra).

GOVERNORS

Lilburn W. Boggs, Missouri (Boone).
William 0. Bradley, Kentucky (supra).
Thomas E. Bramlette, Kentucky (Graham).
Neil S. Brown, Tennessee (supra).
William H. Cabell, Virginia (Gamble).
David Campbell, Virginia (Campbell).
Stephen F. Chadwick, Oregon (Smith).
Thomas J. Churchill, Arkansas (supra).

72 AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA

"William Clark, Missouri Territory (Kennerly).
Rufus W. Cobb, Alabama (McClung).
John I. Cox, Tennessee (Butler).
George L. Curry, Oregon Territory (Boone).
Joseph Desha, Kentucky (Bledsoe).
James Philip Eagle, Arkansas (Oldham).
John Floyd, Virginia (Preston).
John B. Floyd, Virginia (supra).
John C. Fremont, Arizona Territory (supra).
Hamilton R. Gamble, Missouri (Coalter).
George R. Gilmer, Georgia (Grattan).
Wade Hampton, South Carolina (supra).
D. W. Jones, Arkansas (Hadley).
John Letcher, Virginia (Holt).
Robert P. Letcher, Kentucky (supra).
James McDowell, Virginia (Preston).
Fayette McMullen, Washington Territory
(Woods).
George Madison, Kentucky (Smith).
Albert S. Marks, Tennessee (Davis).
George Matthews, Georgia (Cunningham, Paul).
A. P. Morehouse, Missouri (McFadin).
Patrick Noble, South Carolina (Bonneau).
Emmett O'Neall, Alabama (Kirkman).
L. E. Parsons, Alabama (Chrisman).
James D. Porter, Tennessee (supra).
Thomas Posey, Indiana Territory (supra).
Samuel Ralston, Indiana (Craven).
James Brown Ray, Indiana (Gay).
Archibald Roan, Tennessee (Campbell).
John Sevier, Tennessee, State of Franklin (supra).
Green Clay Smith, Montana Territory (supra).
Robert L. Taylor, Tennessee (supra).

AUGUSTA COUNTY, VIRGINIA 73

Francis Thomas, Maryland (supra).
Allen Trimble, Ohio (McDowell).
J. Hoge Tyler, Virginia (Hammet).
John B. Weller, California (supra).
Frank White, North Dakota (Hadley).

San Francisco, May 15, 1917. ,