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LONDON  SCHOOL  OF  TROPICAL  MEDICINE 

HOT  TO  in™  IWAY. 


THE  FAUNA  OF  BRITISH  INDIA, 


mcLrDiNa 


CEYLON  AND  BURMA 


PUBLISSED  UNDER  THE  AVTKOmTY  OF  THE  SeCEETAST  OF 

State  fob  India  in  Council. 
edited  by  w.  t.  blanfobd. 


HYMENOPTERA— Vol.  I. 

WASPS  AND  BEES. 


BY 


LiEUT.-CoLONEL  C.  T.  BINGHAM. 


LONDON: 
TAYLOE  AND  FRANCIS,  RED  LION  COURT,  FLEET  STREET. 


CALCUTTA : 
THACKEE,  SPINK,  &  CO. 


BOMBAY : 
THACKBR  &  CO.,  LIMITED. 


BERLIN  : 

B.  I-EIEDLANDEB  &  SOHN,  U  0AELSTEA8SE. 
1897. 


LONDON  SCHOOL  OF  TROPICAL  MEDICINE 

HOT  ^irTAKElTlWAY. 


PRINTED    BY   TATLOE  AND  PRANC18, 
RED  LION  COURT,  FLEET  STREET. 


INTEODUCTION. 


HYMENOPTERA. 

Trna  Order  Hymenoptera  comprises  the  Sawflies,  the  Gallflies,  the 
Ichneumons  the  Ants,  the  Sand-  and  Wood-wasps,  the  Wasps 

'Ti  nttenSy  admitted  that  Hymenoptera  have  a  right 
to  be  considered  the  most  highly  developed  mentally  «  all  insects 
Certain  forms,  as  the  ants,  the  social  bees,  and  wasps  hve  m  large 
communities,  have  a  regular  and  organized  division  of  classes  a,nd 
labour,  and  frequently  maintain  complex  social  relations  with 
insects  of  other  orde/s  that,  as  guests  or  parasites,  harbour  m 

*^ThrH^enoptera  are  distinguished  from  all  other  insects  by 
the  following  general  characters : —  ,      ^,  i. 

Mandibles  always  present  and  conspicuous,  even  when  the  rest 
of  the  oral  parts  are  more  or  less  changed  and  abnormal,  in  the 
hieher  forms,  the  thorax  and  abdomen  are  remarkably  modiiied. 
The  first  segment  of  the  abdomen  is  separated  from  the  remaining 
sesments  by  a  complex  and  extremely  flexible  joint  and  is  united 
to  the  posterior  portion  of  the  thorax,  forming  with  it  a  consoh- 
dated  mass,  which  has  appropriately  been  called  the  alitrunk  by 
Dr  Sharp  Wings  four,  membranous,  with  comparatively  tew 
nervures,  enclosing  spaces  or  cells  irregular  in  shape  and  limited 
in  number;  the  posterior  wings  smaller  than  the  anterior. 
Abdomen  in  the  female  furnished,  at  its  apex,  with  a  saw,  borer, 

ovipositor,  or  sting.  ,     ,      ,  i  r     -i-  i 

Larva  in  the  more  highly  developed  genera  and  families  always 
vermiform  and  footless,  but  in  some  of  the  lower  forms  with 
thoracic  and  abdominal  legs,  the  latter  frequently  numerous. 
Pupa  inactive,  the  parts  as  in  the  imago,  but  more  or  less 
colom-less  and  enveloped  in  a  thin  delicate  membrane. 

The  head  of  a  hymenopterous  insect  is  quite  free  from  the 
thorax  and  often  remarkably  mobile.  It  varies  but  little  in  shape  : 
the  vertex  (figs.  1,  2,  &  3,  a)  is  usually  more  or  less  convex  and 
transverse,  very  often  broad  and  subquadrate;  the  chee/c  (fig.  1,  6) 
lies  behind  the  eye,  and  when  the  lower  rim  of  the  latter  does  not 
extend  down  to  'the  base  of  the  mandibles  it  includes  the  space 
between  the  eyes  and  the  mandibles;  the  comjjound  eyes{i\g.  l,c: 
figs.  2  &  3,  d,  'd)  occupy  the  sides  of  the  head,  and  are  built  up 
generally  of  many  facets,  but  in  some  of  the  ants  are  reduced  to 
one  facet.    On  the  vertex  (sometimes  a  little  below  it)  are  placed 


iv  INTEODTJCTIOir. 


the  simple  eyes  or  ocelli  (figs.  2  &  3,  h),  three  in  iiumber ;  these 
may  be  present  or  absent,  complete,  or  distorted  as  iu  some  of  the 
Sphegidm.  Below  the  vertex  is  the  front  (figs.  2  &  3,  c),  on  which 
are  inserted  the  aniemm  (fig.  1,  d-f;  figs.  2  &  3,  e-f).  The  parts 
of  the  antenna  are  the  scape  (fig.  1,  d;  figs.  2  &  3,  e)  and  the 
flagellum  (fig.  1,  e-f;  figs.  2  &  3,  /,  /).  The  sc«pe  or  basal  joint  of 
the  antenna  is  sometimes  elongate  as  in  the  Metero(jyna  or  Ants  : 


j-ig  l—SaUns  avreoscriceus.  Side  view  of  head  much  enlarged.— a,  Tertex; 
h  cheek ;  c,  compound  eye ;  d,  scaije  of  anteunn ;  e-f,  flagellum  of 
a'ntenvm  ;  cljpens  ;  /(,  mandible ;  j,  maxillary  palpus  ;  k,  labial  palpus ; 
I,  portion  of  maxilla. 

the  flagellum  is,  as  a  rule,  divided  into  eleven  joints  in  the  female 
and  twelve  in  the  male ;  the  apical  joint  or  joints  in  the  latter  sex 
being  sometimes  more  or  less  modified,  e.  g.,  curved  into  a  book  as 
in  some  of  the  Diphptera,  spined  and  excavate  below  as  in  som'e 
of  the  Fossores  (Bemhea;),  or  dilated  and  flattened  as  in  a  few  of 
the  Ant?ioj}hila.    Below  the  base  of  the  antennae  is  a  more  or  less 
conspicuous  and  shield-like  plate  called  the  chjpeiis  (figs.  1,2,  &  3,  g), 
the  form  of  which  affords  valuable  specific  or,  sometimes,  generic 
characters.    Beneath  the  clypeus  and  hinged  on  to  its  anterior 
margin  is  the  lalrum  (figs.  2  &  3,  h):  this  is  variable  in  size 
and  form,  and  is  frequently  entirely  concealed  underneath  the 
clypeus,  while  in  a  few  genera  it  is  exserted  and  elongate  to  an 
extraordinary  extent.     The  part  underneath  the  labrum  is  the 
epipharynx.    The  mandibles  (fig.  l,Ji:  figs.  2  &  3,  i,  i)  are  hinged 
to  the  apex  of  the  cheeks  below  and  fold  over  or  under  the 
labrum  ;  under  all  modifications  in  size  and  shape  they  remain 
conspicuouslv  cutting  or  crashing  machines.    On  the  underside 
of  the  lower  or  face  portion  of  the  head  is  a  hollow  into  which  ht 
the  softer  mouth-parts  when  at  rest.    These  latter  consist  chiefly 
of  the  labium  and  the  maxilla?  (figs.  4  &  5).     The  lahwm  is 
attached  to  the  side  walls  of  the  buccal  hollow,  through  narrow 
joints,  the  lora  and  the  cardines.     The  upper  portion  ol-^  the 
labium  forms  the  suhmenUtm  and  mentiim from  the  apex  ot  the 
latter  at  the  sides  spring  the  labial  palpi  (fig.  4,  Ic,  k),  and  from 


INTRODUCTION. 


V 


between  the  labial  palpi,  the  Ugula  ov  tongue  ^ig-  4, j),  en 
sheathed  at  base  by  the  pamt,lossc.  (fig.  4,  1,1).    Both  th«  Jg'^^^ 
and  paraglossce  are  very  variable  in  term.    On  each  side  ot  the 
labium  are  the  maxilla>  (lie;.  5),  sheath-like  organs  with  a  basal 
portion,  the  stipes  (Sg.  5,  n),  and  an  apical  lobe,  the  galea  (hg. 


9 

o 

Kcj.4; 


Fig.  2.— Common  Honey-bee  (^pts  meUifera).  Front  view  of  head  muck 
enlarged,  a,  vertex;  h,  ocelli ;  c,  front ;  d,  d,  compound  eyes  ;  e,  e,  scape 
of  antenna:;  /,  /,  flagellum  of  antennoe;  g,  clypeus  ;  h,  labrum  ;  i,  i, 
mandibles  ;  k,  k,  labial  palpi  ;  I,  one  of  the  paraglossae  of  the  tongue  ; 
m,  ligula  or  tongue ;  n,  maxilla. 

Fig.  i.—Xylocopa  dissimUis.  Front  view  of  head  much  enlarged,  a,  vertex ; 
h,  ocelli ;  c,  front ;  d,  d,  compound  eyes ;  e,  e,  scape  of  antennse ,  /,  /, 
flagellum  of  antennse;  ff,  clypeus  ;  h,  labrum  ;  i,  i,  mandibles. 

Fig.  4:.—Xylocopa  dissimiUs.  Labium  much  enlarged,  k,  k,  labial  palpi ; 
I,  I,  paraglo.'fsa! ;  ni,  ligula. 

Fig.  b.—Xijlocopa  dissimUis.  Maxilla  much  enlarged,  n,  stipes ;  o,  maxillary 
palpus ;  p,  galea. 


Close  to  the  junction  of  the  stipes  with  the  galea  springs  the 
maxillary  palpus  (fig.  5,  o).  The  form  and  structure  of  the  mouth- 
parts  are  of  great  value  in  the  classification  of  the  Hymenoptera. 

The  thorax  proper  is  composed  of  three  segments — the  pro-, 
meso-,  and  metathorax.     The  prothorax  is  remarkable  for  the  ^ 


INTRODUCTION. 


detachment  of  the  side  pieces  (fig.  8,  «,  a)  from  the  notum  and 
their  ai-eat  development.  In  many  species  these  side  pieces 
completely  overlie  the  prosternum.  The  wesothornx  consists  o  a 
broad,  geAerally  convex  plate,  the  mesonotum  (iig.  6,  c,  &  hg.  ^  o), 
a  posterior  portion,  the  scutum  or  scutellum  (tig.  b,  /i,  &  Hg.  t,J)> 


Kg. 


segment,  much  ei>larged  a  P;°;^;"^7\^^;„\.  articulation  of  fore  wing  ; 
«Z,parap.ideofmesoBotumj^^«^^^^^  episternum  ;  i, 

5-  site  °f 

epin.eron    ^/^^^/^^^'^^I'^^^S^^  if  metonotum;    episternuni ; 

portion  ot  n^f?"°^"'^'.;','?°'^"tuVb^^  «,  1st  true  abdominal 

riSTe  ^^fdir:Siror%S:u^-  ^^^-^^--^  ^-^ 

rVhS  L^^^rt  e.  «,  pvonotum ;  i,  n^esonotum ;  c,  C  parapBides 

.ig.So;a^ir3o. . .  -£i:iTS-gsit?"i^- 

meta"'rn?m  .tventral  plate  of  median  segment. 

Side  pieces,  the  episternuvr        6,     and  '^i-^^^^X^'e^  ^ 
two  united  making  up  the  ^^^''<>P^''"-"V  ^ 
sternum  (fig.  8,  c  c)      The  -es^no  uin  ^^^-^Y 

^5S.;Xtt i  =0..  similarly  has 


INTRODUCTION. 


vii 


a  dorsal  plate,  the  metanotum  (fig.  6,  I;  n'  ;  fig.  7,  g,  7i\  h'),  the 
anterior  portion  of  which  is  called  the  postscutellum  ;  side  pieces, 
episternum  (lig.  6,  I)  and  ej,imeron  (fig.  6,  m),  tje  two  together 
forming  the  metapleuron ;  and  the  metasternum  (fig.  ^,J,f)- 

In  all  the  higher  Hymenoptera,  as  noted  above,  the  basal  seg- 
ment of  the  abdomen  is  closely  amalgamated  with  the  metathorax 
(iio-  6  71  &  fig.  7,  h).  This  segment  has  been  variously  called 
"Latreill'e's  segment,"  the  "propodeum,"  or  the  "median  segment. 

Throuo-hout  this  work  I  have  preferred  to  use  the  term  "median 
seoinent"  as  being  most  generaUy  known.  The  median  segment  has 
very  often  short  oblique  lateral  slits  or  grooves  with  their  anterior 
edo-e  raised  and  prominent :  these  slits  or  grooves  are  the  so-called 
"  false  stigmata  "  (fig.  7,  j,  j).  The  ventral  plate  of  the  median  seg- 
ment (fig.  8,  h)  can  generally  be  made  out  with  but  little  difficulty. 
The  sculpture  of  the  thorax  and  of  the  median  segment  is  largely 
used  in  the  discrimination  of  the  species. 

The  appendages  of  the  thorax  are  the  legs  and  the  wings.  The 
legs,  as  in  all  insects,  are  six  in  number,  attached  to  the  underside 
of  the  thorax  by  their  basal  joints,  the  coxce  (fig.  9,  a)  :  the  fore 
legs  are  articulated  to  the  prothorax,  the  intermediate  pair  to  the 
mesothorax,  and  the  posterior  to  the  metathorax.  Below  the 
coxEB  are  the  troclianiers  (fig.  9,  h) :  these  may  be  simple,  in  one 
piece,  as  in  the  bulk  of  the  Aculeata,  or  in  two  with  an  articula- 
tion between,  as  in  most  of  the  Parasitica.  Articulated  to  the 
trochanters  below  are  the  femora  (fig.  9,  c) ;  below  these  the  tihioi 
(fig.  9,  d),  and  below  the  tibias  the  tarsi  (fig.  9,  /).  The  tarsus  m 
Hymenoptera  is  S-jointed,  with  very  few  exceptions :  the  basal 
joint  (fig.  9,  g)  or  metatarsus  is  usually  the  longest,  the  apical 
joint  (fig.  9,  I)  is  invariably  provided  with  two  claws  (fig.  9,  m,  m), 
which  may  be  simple,  bifid,  or  dentate  beneath.  Between  the 
claws  lies  the  pad  or  pidvillm,  which,  however,  is  absent  in  many 
genera. 

The  legs  of  Hymenoptera,  especially  the  tibiae  and  tarsi,  are  as 
a  rule  more  or  less  furnished  with  spines,  stiff  hairs,  or  pubescence 
of  some  kind,  the  presence  or  absence  and  disposition  of  which 
afford  valuable  characters  for  the  discrimination  of  species  and 
even  of  genera. 

The  ivi7igs  (figs.  10  and  11)  are  invariably  four  in  number,  and 
nearly  always  present  in  the  imago  in  both  sexes.  The  females, 
and  more  rarely  the  males  in  a  few  forms,  are  apterous.  Among 
the  Heterogyna,  or  Ants,  the  fvilly-developed  females  and  the 
males  only  are  provided  with  wings,  the  neuters  or  workers  (more 
correctly  "the  females  with  arrested  development)  being  apterous. 
The  anterior  wings  are  attached  to  the  sides  of  the  mesothorax 
(fig.  6/,  site  of  attachment  of  fore  wing),  and  the  points  of  junction 
are  protected  and  covered  by  little  plates  or  shields,  the  tegulw 
(fig.  6,  e ;  fig.  7,  d,  d).  The  posterior  wings  are  borne  by  the 
metathorax,  and  their  points  of  junction  with  the  thorax  are 
slightly  lower  in  a  vertical  direction  than  those  of  the  fore  wings. 


vm 


INTEODUCTION, 


The  wings,  as  already  stated  above,  are  membranous,  divided  by 
nervures  into  irregular  spaces  or  cells  which  in  the  fore  wing  are 
never  more  than  twenty  in  number,  and  in  the  hind  wing  fifteen. 


'/ft 


■pia  9 —Hind  leg  of  Salius  aureosericeus.  a,  coxa;  i,  trochanter;  c,  femur; 
rf,' tibia;  e,  tibial  calcaria;  /,  tarsus;  g-l,  joints  of  tarsus;  m,  claws; 

Pig  'lo'^ForT  wing,  a,  antei-ior  margin  ;  b,  apical  margin  ;  c,  posterior 
margin  •  d,  postcostal  nervure  ;  e,  externo-medial  nervure  ;  /,  anal 
nervure'-  g,  radial  nervure;  h,  cubital  nervure;  i,  discoidal  nervure; 
m  71  0  ist,  2ncl,  and  3rd  transverse  cubital  nervures  ;  p,  g,  1st  and  2nd 
recurrent  nervures ;  u,  basal  or  medial  nervure ;  v,  w,  1st  and  2nd  trans- 
verse subbasal,  or  submedial  nervures:  1,  stigma;  2,  radial  cell;  3,  4,  5, 
and  6  cubital  cells  ;  7,  8,  9,  discoidal  cells;  10,  costal  cell;  11,  basal  or 
medial  cell ;  12,  13,  subbasal  or  submedial  cells  ;  14,  apical  cell ;  15,  anal 

Ti^'—Hind  wing,  a,  anterior  or  costal  margin  ;  b,  postcostal  nervure ; 
c  medial  nervure  ;  d,  anal  nervure  ;  e,  radial  nervure ;  /,  cubital  nervure  ; 
n  discoidal  nervure;  h,  transverse  anal  nervure;  k,  anal  lobe ;  I,  transverse 
rnbital  nervure:  1,  site  of  the  hamuli  or  little  hooks  which  catch  ou  to 
the  fore  wing  during  flight;  2,  costal  cell;  3,  radial  cell;  4,  medial  ceU; 
fS  anal  cell;  6,  cubital  cell ;  7,  discoidal  cell.  ,  i, 

Fig.  12  -Abdo^en,  5  ■       «^  »^  «^  ^orsal  segments  ;  6,  b\  b\  b^  b\  b\ 

ventral  segments. 

The  winged  Hymenoptera  are,  as  a  rule,  capable  of  swift  and 
sustained  flight.  Por  this  purpose  they  possess  a  wonderful 
arrangement^one  of  the  mist  beautiful  in  nature)  for  hnkmg 


» 


INTRODUCTION.  IX 

together  during  flight  the  fore  and  hind  wings.  Examined  with  a 
good  lens,  the  fore  wing  is  seen  to  have  a  fold  along  its  posterior 
margin,  while  on  the  anterior  or  costal  margin  of  the  hind  wing  a 
row  of  hook-shaped  bristles  or  hairs  can  be  easily  detected.  When 
the  wings  are  expanded  these  hooks,  or  hamuli  as  they  are  called, 
catch  on  firmlv  to  the  fold  in  the  fore  wing,  and  the  fore  and  hind 
wing  on  each  side  are  enabled  to  act  in  concert,  having  the  appear- 
ance and  all  the  firmness  of  a  single  expanded  membrane.  The 
names  of  the  nervnres  and  cells  in  the  wings  are  included  in  the 
explanation  nnder  figures  1 0  and  11.  The  number  and  disposition 
of  these  nervures  and  cells  are  of  considerable  importance  in  the 
classification  of  the  Hymenojitera. 

The  abdomen  (fig.  12)  is  attached  to  the  thorax  direct  or  through 
the  median  segment,  the  articulation  being  either  broad  and  not 
very  flexible,  as  in  the  lower  forms,  or  narrow  and  possessed  of 
the  utmost  flexibility,  as  in  the  bulk  of  the  families  into  which  the 
Hymenoptera  are  divided.  So  remarkable  is  this  flexibility,  that  a 
bee  or  a  wasp  is  not  only  able  to  twist  its  abdomen  and  sting  in 
all  directions  posteriorly,  but  many  species  can,  and  do,  double  the 
abdomen  underneath  the  thorax,  and  protrude  the  sting  in  front 
of  the  head. 

As  a  rule  the  abdomen,  in  the  higher  Hymenoptera,  consists  of 
six  visible  segments  in  the  female  and  of  seven  segments  in  the 
male,  each  segment  formed  by  a  dorsal  and  a  ventral  plate  (fig.  12, 

a-a%  b-b').  .  -,     .  , 

The  epipi/gium,  or  dorsal  portion  of  the  apical  abdominal 
segment,  and  the  Tiypopygium,  or  ventral  portion  of  the  same, 
together  form  what  is  called  the  pygiclium.  Occasionally  the  term 
"  pygidial  area  "  is  used,  and  refers  to  a  portion  of  the  epipygium 
which  in  certain  forms  is  margined  and  flat,  not  convex  *. 


The  Hymenoptera  fall  naturally  into  two  great  divisions  or 
suborders,  characterized  by  the  difference  in  the  articulation  of  the 
abdomen  with  the  thorax  referred  to  above,  and  by  more  profound 
diflferences  in  the  form  and  life-history  of  the  larvae.  The  external 
difi'erence  in  the  imago  may  be  tabulated  as  follows  :  — 

I.  Suborder  SESSILIVENTEES. 

Median  segment  (1st  true  abdominal  segment)  not  completely 
amalgamated  with  the  thorax,  the  joint  between  the  thorax  and 
abdomen  broad. 


*  For  an  aocurate  and  full  account  of  the  external  and  internal  anatomy  of 
the  Hymenoptera,  see  the  '  Cambridge  Natural  History,'  Vol.  V.,  Part  Inseota, 
by  Dr.  D.  Sharp. 


X 


INTHODUOTION. 


II.  Suborder  PETIOLATA. 

Median  segment  (1st  true  abdominal  segment)  completely  amal- 
gamated with  the  thorax ;  joint  between  the 
thorax  (including  the  median  segment)  and  the 
abdomen  slender,  highly  mobile. 

A  good  representative  form  belonging  to  the 
Suborder  Scssilivenires  is  shown  at  fig.  V6. 
This  is  an  undescribed  species,  from  Sikhim,  of 
the  genus  Hylotoma  belonging  to  the  family 
Tenihrediniclce  or  Sawflies. 
Pi„  13'  The  Suborder  Peiiolnia,  containing  by  far  the 

Hylotoma,  sp.  ?  |.    larger  number  of  the  families  in  the  Order,  can 
be  subdivided  into  the 

(1)  Pahasittoa.— Trochanters  of  the  legs  in  two  portions  with 
an  articulation  between  :  female  furnished  with  an  ovipositor 

(2)  AcuLEATA.— Trochanters  undivided ;  female  furnished  with 
a  sting. 

The  character  derived  from  the  trochanters  is  liable  to  exceptions. 
Some  of  the  Iclineumonidce,  which  belong  to  the  division  Paeasitica, 
have  undivided  trochanters  ;  while  on  the  other  hand  some  of  the 
Spliegido!  (e.  g.,  the  genus  Nysson),  true  aculeates,  are  markedly 

ditrochous.  .  ii 

The  wing-neuration  in  the  Ichneumonidce,  however,  is  generally 
so  marked  that,  with  a  little  care,  confusion  between  the  torms  m 
the  different  divisions  can  be  avoided. 


Fig.  ^.-Ichneumon  sp.  ?,  ? .  F^S-  Vo.-Bracon  deceptor.  Sm.,  2 .  \. 

Pigures  14  and  15  show  representative  Indian  examples  of  the 
PAiisixiCA  belonging  to  the  families  Jchneumomda^  and  Bracomda: 


INTROBTrOTIOK. 

The  AC0LEATA  have  been  divided  into  Series  or  Tribes.  All 
divisions,  ho^vever,  more  comprehensive  than  families  must  be 
considered  more  or  less  conventional. 

Keij  to  the  Tribes  of  the  Aculeata. 

A.  Apical  abdomiual  segments  highly  retractile ; 

abdomen  with  only  three,  four,  or  five  visible 

segments;  wings  when  at  rest  without  a  ™. 

longitudinal  fold  •  •  ■  TUBULIFEKA. 

B.  Apical  abdominal  segments  not  so  retractile  ; 

abdomen  generally  with  six  (  2  )  or  seven  ( S  ) 
visible  segments ;  wings  when  at  rest  with 
or  without  a  longitudinal  fold. 
a.  Hairs  not  plumose  or  branched  ;  basal  joint 
of  posterior  tarsi  not  dilated. 
a'.  Wiug^  when  at  rest  without  a  longitu- 
dinal fold. 

a-.  Petiole  of  abdomen  with  one  or  more  i:,T,«r'VNrft 

scales  or  nodes  :  species  social  .  HETEROGYNA. 

6^.  Petiole  of  abdomen  simple  :  species 

solitary    ,.•  FOSSORES. 

b'.  Winffs  when  at  rest  with  a  longitudinal 

fold    DIPLOPTERA. 

h.  Hairs  of  the  thorax  plumose  or  branched; 
basal  ioint  of  posterior  tarsi  more  or  less 
dilated     ANTHOPHILA. 

The  present  volume  takes  in  only  the  Fossores,  Biploptera,  and 
Anthopliila. 

Key  to  the  Families  of  the  Fossores. 

A.  Posterior  lateral  angles  of  pronotum  produced 

back  to  the  base  of  the  wings. 

a.  A  deep  constriction  between  Ist  and  2nd 

ventral  segments  of  abdomen. 
a'.  Intermediate  coxse  contiguous :  5  apterous.  Mutillidae. 
h'.  Intermediate  coxse  widely  separated :  J 

winged   Scoliidae. 

b.  No  constriction  between  Ist  and  2nd  ventral 

segments  of  abdomen. 
a! .  Posterior  legs  short,  not  reaching  much 
beyond  apex  of  abdomen. 
a^.  Eyes  emarginate  on  inner  side  :  5 

winged   *Sapi/ffidee. 

b^.  Eyes  not  emarginate  on  inner  side  :  5 

apterous    Thjmnidae. 

b'.  Posterior  legs  long,  reaching  well  beyond 
apex  of  abdomen  ;  eyes  not  emarginate  on 
inner  side   Pompilidae. 

B.  Posterior  lateral  angles  of  pronotum  not  pro- 

duced back  to   base  of  the  wings ;  pro- 
notum often  forming  a  mere  collar    Sphegidae. 


*  Not  known  to  oscur  in  India. 


xii  XNTEODUCTION. 


Key  to  the  Families  of  the  Diploptera. 

A.  Intermediate  legs   armed   witli   one  tibial 

calcar  :  claws  of  tarsi  bifid  or  dentate :  species 

solitary  •   Eumenidae. 

B.  Intermediate  legs  armed  with  two  tibial  cal- 

caria ;  claws  of  tarsi  simple  :  species  social  .  Vespidae. 

Key  to  the  Families  of  the  Anthophila. 

A.  Tonffue  short,  obtuse,  emarginate  or  bifid  at 

apex   CoUetidae. 

B.  Tongue  short  and  acute,  or  long  (sometimes 

very  long)  and  acute,  never  emarginate    Apidae. 

The  arrangement  of  tlie  Hymenoptera  in  this  valume,  so  far 
as  the  primary  divisions  go,  is  based  on  the  classification  adopted 
by  Dr  D  Sharp  in  the  Cambridge  Natural  History  volume  on 
Peripatus,  Myriapods,  and  Insects.  In  the  divisions  of  the 
Aculeate  section  of  the  suborder  Petiolata  I  have  followed,  with 
certain  modifications,  the  arrangement  given  m  Mr  E  Saimders 
valuable  work  on  the  Hymenoptera  Aculeata  of  the  British 
Islands.  With  regard  to  the  Anthophila,  I  agree  with  Mr. 
Saunders  that  the  distinction  between  the  bees  with  obtuse 
emarginate  tongues  and  the  bees  with  acute  non-emarginate  or 
simple  tongues  is  of  greater  importance  than  the  distanction 
between  the  usually  accepted  divisions  of  the  tribe,  Andremdm 
and  Apidce.  On  the  other  hand,  I  have  preferred  to  place  the 
whole  of  the  bees  with  acute  tongues  under  the  i^w^nAj  Apidm  as 
there  seems  to  me  no  choice  between  this  and  dividing  them 
into  several  families  or  subfamilies,  as  proposed  by  Schraiedeknecht, 
Dalla  Torre,  and  others. 

The  present  volume  appears  under  the  disadvantage  of  being 
the  first  attempt  at  describing  the  Wasps  and  Bees  of  India 
as  a  whole ;  no  complete  list  even  has  hitherto  been  pubhshed, 
nor  have  the  Hymenoptera  received  nearly  as  much  attention 
from  Indian  naturalists  as  the  Lepidoptera.  Whilst  therefore, 
it  may  be  hoped  that  this  book  will  du:ect  the  attention  of  ob- 
servers and  collectors  in  India  to  a  most  interesting  though 
omewhat  neglected  order  of  insects,  and  that  it  will  facilitate  the 
identification  of  the  species  which  occur,  it  must  be  remembered 
that  not  only  is  our  general  knowledge  of  the  Indian  HMneno- 
p  l  very  in^omplete'but  our  information  as  to  the  distribution 
?f  the  species  hitherto  recorded  is  singularly  imperfec  For 
many  of  the  species  described  in  the  following  pages  no  more 
Sact  locality  is  known  than  "India."  Some  species  to  which  an 
Ind  an  origii  was  erroneously  assigned  by  the  older  w"ters jre 
o^tted  in  the  present  work,  and  it  is  probable  that  a  few  more 


INTHODTJOTIOlf. 


xiii 


here  included  may  nob  occur  witiiin  the  area  now  under  British 
rule,  but  the  majority  of  the  forms  recorded  as  Indian  have 
doubtless  been  obtained  from  some  part  of  India,  Ceylon,  or 
Burma,  and  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  all  these  will  be  rediscovered 
and  the  area  they  inhabit  precisely  determined. 

The  few  species  of  which  I  have  been  unable  to  examine 
specimens  are  distinguished  by  an  asterisk  prefixed  to  the  serial 
number,  thus  *960. 

Tor  material  I  have  had  my  own  large  collections,  made  partly 
in  the  North-West  Provinces,  and  during  one  season  in  Sikhim,  but 
chiefly  during  the  last  twelve  years  in  Burma  and  Tenasserim. 

I  have  to  thank  the  Authorities  of  the  British  Museum  for 
free  access  to  the  rich  collections  contained  in  the  Natural 
History  Museum  at  South  Kensington.  To  Dr.  P.  Magretti, 
of  Milan,  Dr.  E.  Gestro,  of  the  Museo  Civico,  Genoa,  and 
Mens.  B.  Andre,  of  Gray,  Haute-Saone,  France,  my  warmest 
acknowledgments  are  due  for  the  generous  loan  of  many  types 
and  specimens.  Above  all,  however,  I  am  indebted  to  Mr.  G.  A. 
James  Eothney,  who  very  generously  placed  at  my  disposal  the 
whole  of  his  large  and  varied  collection  made  during  several  years' 
residence  in  Bengal  and  the  North-West  Provinces  of  India.  I 
have  to  thank  also  Miss  A.  Brook,  Col.  Terbury,  Mr.  P.  Mdller, 
Mr.  E.  E.  Green,  Mr.  W.  D.  Cumming,  Mr.  T.  A.  Hauxwell, 
Mr.  A.  Weston,  and  other  friends,  for  very  kindly  sending  to  me 
collections  of  Hyraenoptera  from  various  parts  of  India,  Burma, 
and  Ceylon. 


LIST  OF  THE  PRINCIPAL  WORKS  QUOTED  IN 
THE  SYNONYMY. 


Abh.  Nat.  Ges.  Halle.    Abhandlungen  der  naturforsohenden  Gesellsohaft 

zu  Halie.  1854-96. 
A.  M.  N.  H.    Anualsaad  Magazine  of  Natural  History.    London,  1838-97. 
Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.    Annali  del  Museo  Civico  di  Storia  Naturals  di 

Geneva.    Genoa,  1870-97. 
Ann.  Mus.  Zool.  Univ.  Nap.    Annnario  del  Museo  Zoologico  della 

E.  Universita  di  Napoli.    Anni  i.-vi.    Naples,  1862-71. 
Ann.  Naturhist.  Hofmns.  Wien,    Annalen  der  k.-k.  naturhistorisclien 

Hofmuseums.    Vienna,  1886-97. 
Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.    Amiales  de  la  Society  Entomologique  de  France. 

Paris,  1832-97. 

Berl.  ent.  Zeit.    Berliner  entomologisclie  Zeitsohrift.   Berlin,  1857-74. 
Bull.   Soc.   Ent.  Ital.     Bulletino  della  Societa  ent.omologica  Italiana. 
Florence,  1869-97. 

Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.    Bulletin  de  la  Soci6te  Imp6riale  des  Naturalistes 

de  Moscou.    Moscow,  1829-97. 
Christ,  Naturg.  Ins.     J.  L.  Christ,  Naturgeschichte  &c.  der  Insekten. 

Frankfort-on-Main,  1791. 
Costa,  Faun.  Regn.  Nap.     O.  G.  Costa,  Fauna  del  Eegno  di  Napoli. 

Naples,  1832-70. 

Curtis,  Brit.  Ent.    S.  Curtis,  British  Entomology.    London,  1823-40. 
Dahlb.  Hym.  Eur.  i.    A.  G.  Dahlbom,  Hymenoptera  Europtea,  prseoipue 

borealis  &c. — Tom.  I.  Sphex  sensu  Linnosano.    Lund,  1843-45. 
Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  C.  G.  de  Dalla  Torre,  Catalogus  Hymenopterorum.  Leipzig: 

Vol.  ix,  1894 ;  x,  1896. 

Deutsch.  ent.  Zeit.  Deutsche  entomologische  Zeitschrift.  Berlin,  1875- 
97.    (A  continuation  of  the  Berliner  entomologische  Zeitschrift.) 

Diet.  Univ.  Hist.  Nat.  Dictionnaire  universel  d'Histoire  Naturelle  dirigo 
par  M.  Charles  D'Orbigny.  13  tols.  Text,  and  3  vols.  Atlas.  Paris, 
1847-49. 

Drury,  HI.  Exot.  Ins.  D.  Drury,  Illustrations  of  Natural  History,  &c.  — 
Exotic  Insects.    3  vols.    London,  1770-82. 

Encycl.  Meth.  Encvclopedie  M6thodique — Insectes,  &c.,  par  Mauduyt,  &c. 
Vols.  i.-x.    Paris,  1789-1825. 

Fabr.  Syst.  Ent.  J.  C.  Fabricius,  Systema  Entomologim,  &c.  Leipzig, 
1775. 

Fabr.  Spec.  Ins.  J.  0.  Fabricius,  Species  Ineeotorum.  2  vole.  Hamburg, 
1781. 

Fabr.  Mant.  Ins.  J.  0.  Fabricius,  Mantissa  Insectorum,  &c.  2  vols. 
Copenhagen,  1787. 


Xvi  ■WORKS  QUOTED, 

Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  J.  0.  Fabricius,  Entomologia  Systematica,  &c.  4  toIs.  et 

Suppl.    Copenbageu,  17'.)2-98. 
Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.     J.  0.  Fabricius,  Systema  Piezatorura.  Brunswiclt, 

1804. 

Guer.  Cuv.  Icon.  Regne  Anim.    F.  E.  Gu6rin-M6neville,  looiiograpbie 

du  Eegne  Animal  de  G.  Ouvier— Insectes.    Paris,  1829-44. 
Guer.  Mag.  Zool.    F.  E.  Gudrin-Mfineyille's  Magasin  de  Zoologie.  Paris, 

1831-  49. 

Guer.  Voy.  Belanger,  Zool.  0.  Belanger,  Voyage  aux  Indes-Orientales  &c. 
Zoologie— Insectes  par  F.  E.  Guerin-M6ueville.  Text  &  Atlas.  Paris, 
1834. 

Guer.  Voy.  Coq.,  Zool.  Dujierrey,  Voyage  autour  du  Monde  &c.  sur  la 
corvette  La  CoquU/e,  &c.  Zoologie— Insectes  par  F.  E.  Guerin-Meneville. 
2  vols.    Paris,  182(i-30. 

Hor.  Soc.  Ent.  Ross.  Horse  Societatis  Entomologicse  Rossicse.  St.  Peters- 
burg, 1861-97. 

niig.  edit.  Faun.  Etrusca.  P.  Rossi,  Fauna  Etrusea,  &c.  Tom.  II,  iterum 

edita  &o.  a  D.  Oarolo  lUiger.    Helmstiidt,  1807. 
lUig.  Mag.  Ins.     .1.  0.  W.  Illiger,  Magazin  fur  Insecteukunde.    6  vols. 

Bruuswiek,  1802-7. 

Jour.  As.  Soc.  Beng.    Journal  of  tbe  Asiatic  Society  of  Bengal.  Calcutta, 

1832-  97. 

Jour  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.    Journal  of  tbe  Bombay  Natural  History  Society. 

Vols.  i.-s.    Bombay,  1886-97. 
Jour.  Linn.  Soc.    Journal  of  tbe  Proceedings  of  tbe  Liunean  Society. 

London,  1857-97. 

Jvuine,  Hym.     L.  Juvine,  Nouvelle  Mfithode  de  olasser  les  Hymfinopteres, 

&c.'  Geneva  &  Paris,  1807. 
Kirbv  &  Spence,  Introd.  Ent.     W.  Kirby  &  W.  Spence,  An  Introduction 

to  Entomology,  &c.    London  :  1st  edit.,  4  vols.  1815-26  ;  5tb  edit.,  4  vols., 

1828. 

Klue  Symb.  Phys.,  Ins.    Hempricb  ot  Ebrenberg,  Syrabolaj  Pbysica;  seu 

Icones  et  Descriptiones  eorporum  naturaliuni  novoi-um  aut  minus  cogni- 

torum  quiE   ex  itiuBi-ibus  per  Libyam,  Mgyptam,  Nubiam,  Dnngolam, 

Syriam,  Arabiam  et  Habessiniam,  &c.    Berlin,  1828. 
KluK  Web.  u.  Mohr,  Beitr.  Naturk.    Klug  in  Webei-  nnd  Mobr's 

Beitriige  zur  Naturkunde,  Vol.  II.    Kiel,  1810. 
Latr  Gen.  Crust.  Ins.  P.  A.  Latreille,  Genera  Crustaceorum  etinsectorum, 

&c.    4  vols.    Paris,  1806-9. 
■Latr    Hist    Nat.  Ins.    P.  A.  Latreille,  Histoire  naturelle,  gen6rale  et 

particuliere  des  CrustacSs  et  des  Insectes,  &c.  (Suites  a  Buffon).    14  vols. 

Paris,  1802-5. 

Latr  Precis  caract.  Gen.  Ins.    P.  A.  Latreille,  Precis  des  Caracteres 

generiques  des  Insectes  &c.    Bordeaux,  1796. 
T  enel  Hvm     Lepeletier  (A.  L.  Miebel  Lepeletier,  Gomte  de  St.  Fargeau). 

Histoire  naturelle  des  Insectes  Hym6noptei-es  (Suites  a  Buffon).    4  vols. 

Paris,  1841-46.    (Tbe  4tb  vol.  by  Aug.  Brull.5.) 
Linn.  Faun.  Suec    0.  Linn6,  Fauna  Suecica.    Ed.  ii.,  Stockbolm,  1761. 
Linn.  Syst.  Nat.    0.  Linne,  Systema  Naturaj.    Ed.  x.,  Stockbolm,  1753. 

Ed.  xii.,  Stockbolm,  1767. 
Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.    Memoirs  of  tbe  Literary  and  Pbilosopliical 

Society  of  Mancbester,  1785-1897. 
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et  d'His'toire  naturelle  de  Geneve.    Geneva,  1821-97. 


WORKS  QUOTED.  XTU 

Mit.  Schweiz.  ent.  Ges.     Mittlieilunpen  der  scliweizeriscben  entomolo- 

gisclieii  GoscUseliaft.    Scbafflmusen,  1862-97. 

Panz.  Krit.  Revis.  Faun.  Deutschl.    G.  "W.  F.  Panzer,  ICritische  Ee- 

Ti'sion  dor  lusektcnfaune  Dcutselilaiids  &c.    Nurnberg,  180fi-(). 

Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.  Proceedings  of  the  Boston  Society  of  Natural 
History.    Boston,  1844-97. 

P.  Z.  S.    Proceedings  of  tbe  Zoological  Society.    London,  1830-97. 

Radoszk.  Wiadom.  z  nauk  Przsrrod.  O.  Radoszkowski,  Wiadomosoi 
z  nauk  Przyrodzonjcli,  1882,  zeszyt  ii.  pp.  72-81.    Wai-saw,  1882. 

Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  H.  F.  de  Saussure,  Monograpbie  des  GuSpes 
Solitaires  ou  de  la  tribu  des  Eumeniens.    Geneva  &  Paris,  1852. 

Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  H.  F.  de  Saussure,  Monograpbie  des  Guepes 
Sociales  ou  de  la  tribu  des  Vespions.    Paris  &  Geneva,  1853-69. 

Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  Suppl.  H.  F.  de  Saussure,  Etudes  sur  la  Famille 
des  Vespides.  Troisieme  partie,  omprenant  la  Monograpbie  des 
Masariens,  et  un  Supplement  a  la  Monograpbie  des  Eumeniens.  Paris 
&  Geneva,  1854-56. 

Sauss.  Novara  Reise,  Hym.  Eeise  der  oaterrieohischen  Fregatte  '  Novara  ' 
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J.  Sichel).    Vienna,  1867. 

Sauss.  &,  Sich.  Cat.  Scol.  H.  F.  de  Saussure  and  J.  Sicbel,  Catalogua 
Specierum  generis  Soolia,  &c.    Geneva  &  Paris,  1864. 

Shuck.  Ess.  Ind.  Foss.  Hym.  W.  B.  Sbuckard,  Essay  on  tbe  Indigenous 
Fossorial  Hymenoptera,  &c.    London,  1837. 

Sitzungsb.  Akad.  Wiss.  Wien.  Sitzungsberichte  der  kaiserlicbea 
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Vienna,  1860-97. 

Smith,  Cat.  F.  Smitb,  Catalogue  of  Hymenopterous  Insects  in  tbe  Collection 
of  tbe  British  Museum.  7  Parts.  London:  Parts  1  &II  1853-54:  ■ 
III.,  1856  ;  IV.,  1856  ;  V.,  1857  ;  VI.,  1858  ;  VII.,  1859. 

Smith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  F.  Smitb,  Descriptions  of  New  Species  of 
Hjmenoptera  in  tbe  Collection  of  the  British  Museum.    London,  1879. 

Smith,  2nd  Yark.  Miss.  Scientific  Besults  of  tbe  Second  Yarkand  Mission 
&c.— Hymenoptera,  by  P.  Smitb.    Calcutta,  1878. 

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species  nova;  aut  rariores,  &c.    Genoa,  1806-8.  °  ' 

Steph.  Syst.  Cat.  J.  F.  Stephens,  A  Systematic  Catalogue  of  British 
Insects,  &c.    London,  1829. 

Stettin   ent.  Zeit.     Entomologische  Zeitung,  &c.,  zu  Stettin.  Stettin, 

Sulz.  Abgek.  Gesch.  Ins.  J.  H.  Sulzer,  Abgekurzte  Geschichte  der 
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Termez.  Fiizetek.  Terni&zetrajzi  Fiizetek  ;  kiadja  a  Magyar  Nemzeti 
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schaften.    Halle  &  Berlin,  1853-81. 


SYSTEMATIC  INDEX. 


Page 

Tribe  Fossores   1 

Fam.  1.  MuTiLLiDiE   1 


1.  Apterogyna,  Latr   1 

1.  mutilloides,  Smith  ....  2 

2.  Mutilla,  Xin?z   2 

1.  maximinte,  Magr   10 

2.  piilchrinella,  Mayr.  .  .  10 

3.  ninuii,  Magr   H 

4.  feffi,  Magr   H 

6.  lilliputiana,  Andre  .  .  11 
0.  tridungulata,  Magr.  . .  11 

7.  soror,  Sauss   12 

8.  pulchriceps,  Cam   12 

9.  pectino-spinata,  Magr.  12 

10.  niveosignata,  Andre  . .  13 

11.  dimidiata,  Lepel   13 

12.  vicinissima,  Gribodo  . .  13 

13.  ruficrus,  Had.  MS.    . .  14 

14.  interrupta,  Oliv   14 

15.  subintrans,  Sad.  Sf  Sich.  15 

16.  colabensia,  Andre   15 

17.  ceylanensis,  Sad.  Sr 

Sich  ■.   16 

18.  aulica,  S7nith   16 

19.  liesaopa,  Sauss   16 

20.  valida,  Cam   16 

21.  wrouglitoni,  Ca7n   16 

22.  puUa,  Andre   17 

23.  blanda,  Smith   17 

24.  constancete,  Cam   17 

26.  pondicberensis,  Sad.  lV 

Sich   18 

26.  rufitarsis,  Stnith   18 

27.  duvga,  Bingh   18 

28.  siibglabra,  Andr6   19 

29.  coujungenda,  Magr.  . .  19 

30.  Mrbyi,  Magr   20 

31.  tenasaerimica,  Magr..  .  20 


Page 

32.  buddba,  Cam   21 

33.  coronata,  Fabr   21 

34.  decora,  Smith   21 

35.  trimaeidata,  Cam   22 

36.  ai'genteomaculata, 

Smith    22 

37.  kobli,  Magr   23 

38.  cotesi,  Cam   23 

39.  nobilis,  (SmiiiA   24 

40.  laminella,  Magr   24 

41.  cassiope,  Smith   24 

42.  sex-maculata,  Sioed.  .  .  26 

43.  agnata,  AndrS    25 

44.  iusularis,  Cam   26 

45.  serratula,  Cam   26 

46.  dissimulanda,  Magr.  . .  26 

47.  rothneyi,  Cam   27 

48.  pandora,  Smith   27 

49.  kanthellse.  Cam   28 

60.  maculiceps,  Andre ....  28 

51.  nigrigena,  Andre  ....  29 

62.  reticulata.  Smith  ....  29 

63.  ocellata,  Sauss   29 

64.  maculo-fasciata,  Sauss.  29 
55.  variggata,  Smith    ....  30 

66.  fLineraria,  Smith    ....  30 

67.  arenaiia,  Fabr   30 

68.  semiaurata,  Smith  ....  31 

59.  remota,  Cam   31 

60.  cicatrificera,  Andre   . .  31 

61.  aiu'ifrons,  Smith   32 

62.  diversa.  Smith    32 

63.  dives,  Smith    32 

64.  cbrysopbthalma,  Klug  .  38 

65.  nudiceps,  Andre   33 

66.  erythrocera,  Cam   33 

67.  regia,  Smith    34 

68.  iiestuans,  Gerst   34 

69.  aurit'ex,  Smith    34 

70.  bumbertiaua,  Sauss.  . .  35 


SYSTKMAXIC  INDEX. 


PuKB 

71.  placida,  Smith    JiS 

72.  aureo-rubra,  Had.  c^- 

Sich   35 

73.  tricliocondyla,  Avdre  . .  36 

74.  bicincta,  Sanss   30 

75.  kaunras,  Cam   36 

76.  atom  us,  Andr&    37 

77.  denticollis,  Motsch.   . .  37 

78.  coromandelica,  Motsch.  87 

79.  veda,  Coot   37 

80.  pusilla,  Smith   38 

81 .  lunarifasciata,  Andre . .  38 

82.  piierilis,  Caiii   38 

83.  pdonaensip,  Cam   39 

84.  rufiventris,  S?nith  ....  39 

85.  auriipalliatn.,  Andr6  .  .  39 

86.  optima,  Smith    40 

87.  pulcliviventris,  Cam..  .  AQ 

88.  metallica,  Cam   41 

89.  perelef^ans,  Cam   41 

90.  pulchrina.  Smith   ....  41 

91.  tavlori,  Andre    42 

92.  argentipes.  Smith  ....  42 

93.  opulenta,  Smith   42 

94.  schlettereri,  Miiyr.    . .  43 

95.  stepliani,  Mayr   43 

9('.  analis,  Lepel   44 

97.  subaiialis,  Magr   44 

98.  turnatorei,  Magr   45 

99.  pilosella,  Magr   45 

100.  unifasciata,  Smith  ....  45 

101.  jofephi,  Mayr   45 

]  02.  gribodoi,  Magr   46 

103.  handlirscbi,  Mayr.    . .  46 

104.  emergenda,  Mugr   47 

105.  indostana,  Smith   ....  47 

106.  emeryi,  Magr   47 

107.  exiloidea,  Magr   48 

108.  circumscribenda,ilffl^?-.  48 
109;  discreta,  Cam   48 

110.  cariana,  Magr..    49 

111.  antennata,  Smith  ....  49 

112.  dilecta,  Cam   49 

11 3.  perversa,  Cam   50 

114.  miranda,  Smith   50 

115.  provida,  Cam   50 

116.  sejugoides,  Magr   50 

117.  rufo-dorsata.  Cam   51 

118.  yerburyi,  Cam   51 

119.  pedunculata,  Klug    . .  51 

Pam.  2.  Thynnip.32    52 

1.  Methoca,  Latr   52 

1.  bi color,  Cum   53 

2.  orieutalis,  Smith    ....  63 


Pane 

3.  smithii,  Magr   5.J 

4.  rugosa,  Cam   54 

2.  Iswara,  Westw   54 

1.  luteus,  Westw   55 

2.  fasciatus,  Smith   55 


Fam.  3.  ScoLUDiE 
1 


56 


Tiphia,  Fabr   66 

1.  rufo-femorata,  Smith. .  58 

2.  fumipennis,  Smith.  ...  58 

3.  compressa,  Smith  ....  69 

4.  cassiope,  Cam   69 

5.  flavipeuiiis,  Smith  ....  59 

6.  lyrata,  Mugr   60 

7.  incisa,  Cam   60 

8.  implicata,  Cam   61 

9.  consueta.  Smith   61 

10.  intrudeus.  Smith    ....  61 

11.  rufipes,  Smith   61 

12.  vicina,  Magr   62 

13.  policarinata  {Magr.)  .  .  62 

14.  erytbrocera,  Cam   63 

15.  fiiscinervis,  Cam   63 

16.  bivsiita,  Smith    63 

17.  am-ipennis,  Bingh   64 

.  Myzine,  Latr   64 

1.  madraspatana,  65 

2.  maudalensis  (Magr.) .  .  66 

3.  tricolor,  Smith    66 

4.  fuscipennis,  Smith.  ...  67 

5.  combusta,  Smith   ....  67 

6.  anthracina,  Smith  ....  67 

7.  olaripennis,  Bingh.   .  .  68 

8.  dimidiaticoruis,  Bingh.  68 

9.  dimidiata,  Gv^r   68 

10.  pallida,  Smith   69 

11.  orientalis,  Smith    ....  69 

12.  Ia3ta,  Bingh.   70 

13.  burmanica,  Bingh   70 

14.  petiolata,  Smith   70 

3.  Scolia,  Fabr   71 

1.  nudata.  Smith   74 

2.  opaliiia.  Smith    75 

3.  tyriauthina,  Kirhy.  ...  75 

4.  procer,  lUiy   75 

5.  capitata,  Guer   76 

6.  rubiginosa,  Fahr   76 

7.  bfemorrboidalis,  Fabr.  77 

8.  erratica,  Smith    77 

9.  elizabetha?,  Binyh   78 

10.  molesta,  Satiss.  Si  Sich.  79 

11.  bilunata,  Sauss   79 

12.  anreipennis,  Zejiel   79 

13.  obscura,  Le2)el   80 

14.  bhamoensis,  Magr.    .  .  80 


STSTBMATIC  INDEX. 


xxi 


Puge 


15.  fulvifrons,  Satiss   Hi 

16.  nobilis,  Sauss   81 

17.  hunieralis,  Sauss   81 

18.  ciicullnta,  Biriffh   82 


19.  IcBviceps,  Smith   82 

20.  cyanipennis,  J'hbr   82 

21.  carbonaria,  Sauss   83 

22.  redteubacheri,  Sauss. . .  83 


23.  coerulans,  Zepe^.   83 

24.  indica,  Snass   84 

25.  qiiadripustulata,  Fahr.  84 

26.  sikkimensis,  Bingh.  .  .  85 

27.  histrionica,  Fair   86 

28.  desidiosa,  Binyh   86 

29.  vivida,  Smith   87 

30.  venusta,  Smith    88 

31.  kirbyi,  Mac/r   88 

32.  specifica,  Smith   89 

38.  eliformis,  Sauss   89 

4.  Elis,  Fah>-   89 

1.  litigiosa  {Smith)    ^0 

2.  orientalis,  Cam   90 

3.  tristis,  Sauss   92 

4.  erigone,  Bingh   92 

5.  i'ubro-maculata(iS'w).2V/«)  93 

6.  bella,  Bim/h   93 

7.  eximia  (Smith)   94 

8.  ii-is  (Lepel.)    94 

9.  ceylonica  (Kirbrj)  ....  94 

10.  luctuosa  Smz'M)   95 

11.  annulata  {Fabr.)    96 

12.  lindenii  (Lepel.)   96 

13.  grossa  (Fabr.)    97 

14.  liabrocoma  (Smith)   .  .  97 

15.  prismatica  (Smith)    .  .  98 

16.  hirsuta,  Sauss   98 

17.  thoracica  (Fabr.)    99 

18.  fimbriata  (Burm.)  ....  99 

19.  asiatiea,  Sauss  100 

20.  reticulata,  Cam   100 

21.  cyanea,  Sauss.  Sf  Sich.  .  100 
5.  Liacos,  Gtcei'   101 

1.  analis  (Fabr.)    101 

2.  fulvopicta,  Ca7n  102 

Fam.  4.  PoirpiLiDiE   102 

1.  Macromeris,  Lepel   103 

1.  violacea,  Lepel  105 

2.  Paragenia,  Bingh.  •   105 

1.  argentifrons  (Smith) .  .  106 

3.  Pseudagenla,Ao/«/   106 

1.  honesta  (Smith)   109 

2.  atalanta  (Smith)   109 

3.  deceptrix,  (Smith) ....  110 

4.  frauenfeldiana  (Sauss.)  110 


Page 

5.  firtemis,  Binffh  Ill 

6.  danae,  Biw/h   Ill 

7.  ariel,  Cam   112 

8.  concolor  (Sauss.)    ■  ■  ■  ■  1 1^ 

9.  pedunculata  (Smith). .  112 

10.  obseleta  (Sauss.)    ....  113 

11.  iusularis  (Sauss.)   ....  113 

12.  plebeja  (iSfmss.)   114 

13.  blanda  ((rMe;-.)   ■  114 

14.  clypeata,  Bingh   114 

15.  albilabns,  -Siw<?/i  115 

16.  stulta,  Bingh   115 

17.  tiucta  (Smith)    116 

18.  bipennis  (Sauss.)    116 

19.  livpsipyle,  Bingh  116 

20.  veda,  Cam   117 

21.  alaris  (Sauss.)   117 

22.  Ia3vicula,  Bingh   118 

23.  mic.romegala  (Sauss.)  .  118 

24.  callisto  (Smith)   119 

25.  acricula,  Bingh   119 

26.  erigone,  Bingh   119 

27.  ajgina  (Sinith)    120 

28.  rava,  Bingh   120 

29.  nana  (Sauss.)   121 

30.  jutio  (CWi.)    121 

31.  osenilea  (Smith)   121 

4.  Salius,  Fabi-   122 

1.  anthraciiius  (Smith)  .  .  126 

2.  satelles,  Bingh  127 

3.  bellicosns  (Smith)   127 

4.  auveosericens  (Guer.) .  .  127 

5.  ceylonicus  (Sauss.)    .  .  128 

6.  fulvipennis  ( J'rtftr.)    ..  129 

7.  perplexus  (Smith)  ....  130 

8.  ruhidus  (Bingh.)   130 

9.  ichneumoneus  (GztsV.) .  130 

10.  sycophanta  (Gribodo)  .  131 

11.  ducalis  (Smith)   131 

12.  caevuleopennis  (Sauss.).  132 

13.  fenestratus  (Smith)  . .  132 

14.  veda,  Cam   133 

16.  sinensis  ((Swwit/t)   133 

16.  indicus,  Cam   134 

17.  smithii,  Bingh  134 

18.  tuberculatus  (Radosz.).  136 

19.  zelotypus,  Bingh  135 

20.  venatorius,  Bingh   136 

21.  placidus,  Bingh  136 

22.  prtestabilis,  Bingh.    . .  136 

23.  acer,  Bi}igh  137 

24.  bipartitus  (Lepel.)  ....  137 

25.  consaugiiineus  (Sauss.)  138 

26.  fulgidipennis  (Sauss.)  138 

27.  iridipeuuis  (Smith)  . .  139 

28.  madraRpatanus  (Smith).  139 


xxii 


SYSTEMATIC  INBBX. 


Page 

29.  mirandus,  Cam  lat) 

30.  proporus,  Biru/h  140 

81.  cnuitus  {3mffh.)    140 

32.  exilipes,  £int/h   141 

33.  nicevillii,  Birif/h  141 

34.  terrciius,  Dim/h   I4l 

35.  tiavus  (/•'((/;;•.)   142 

36.  gi'iissiitor,  Jiiiifih  143 

37.  serico.soma  (Smith)    .  .  143 

38.  verticalis  (Smith)  144 

39.  momiis,  Bim/h   144 

40.  obsonator,  Bingh  144 

41.  valeululus,  Dinyh   145 

42.  p;eminus,  Biru/h  145 

43.  electua,  Cam   146 

44.  rothneyi,  Cam  146 

45.  cotesi,  Cam   146 

6.  Pompilus,  Fa/ir   147 

1.  analis,  Fair   150 

2.  zeus,  Cam   150 

3.  wrougbtoni,  Cam   151 

4.  fenestmtus,  Smith  ....  151 

5.  acceptus,  Binf/h  161 

6.  arrogans,  Smith  152 

7.  decoratus,  Smith   ....  152 

8.  vagabiindus,  Smith   .  .  153 

9.  capitosus,  Smith    ....  153 

10.  vivax,  Cam  154 

11.  subsericeus,  Sauas   154 

12.  herbipTadus,  Bimjh.  .  .  165 
1.3.  maculipes,  Smith  ....  165 

14.  niitis,  Smith    155 

15.  debliensis,  Cain  166 

16.  incognitus,  Cam  166 

17.  luciduhis  (Satiss.)  ....  166 

18.  orientalis  (Cam.)  ....  157 

19.  multipictus,  Smith ....  158 

20.  infestus,  Binyh   158 

21.  ariadne,  Cam  159 

22.  reflexus,  Smith    1 59 

23.  leucopbseus,  Smith    . .  160 

24.  limbatus,  Smith   160 

25.  epliippiatus,  Smith    .  .  160 

26.  lascivus,  Cam  161 

27.  vitiosii.<!,  Smith    161 

28.  zebra,  Cam  162 

29.  comptus,  Lepel  162 

30.  moestus,  Binffh   163 

31.  atripes,  Srnith    163 

32.  pedalis,  Cam   103 

33.  beatus,  Cam   164 

34.  bracatus,  Binffh  164 

35.  dredalus,  Binffh   165 

.36.  canifrons,  Smith    165 

37.  simillimus,  Smith  ....  166 

38.  ignobilis,  Sauss   166 


Page 

39.  perplexus,  Smith  ....  167 

40.  pai'thenope,  Cam  107 

41.  bioculatus,  Binffh   167 

42.  uuifasciatus,  Smith   .  .  168 

43.  alicias,  Bim/h   168 

44.  rothneyi,  Cam  109 

45.  pedestris,  Smith  ......  169 

40.  cameronii,  Binffh  170. 

47.  circe,  Cam   170 

48.  ilus,  Binffh   171 

49.  dimidiatipennis(iSaMis.)  171 

50.  becate,  Ca7n  171 

51.  mirandus  (Sauss.)  ....  172 

52.  myrmecoides,  Binffh. . .  172 

53.  lusciosus,  Binffh  173 

6.  Ceropales,  Latr   173 

1.  ornata,  Smith   174 

2.  fuscipennia,  Smith.  . . .  174 

3.  tiavo-picta,  Smith  ....  175 

4.  annulitarais,  Cam   175 

5.  pBvnix,  Binffh  176 

6.  albovariegata,  Cam.  . .  176 

7.  claripeunis,  Cam  176 

7.  Apoi'Lis,  <S/}w   177 

1.  bengalenaia,  Cain  178 

2.  orientalis  (Cam.)   ....  178 

3.  cotesi,  Cam  178 

Fam.  5.  Sphegid^    179 

1.  Astata,  Latr  182 

1.  nigricans.  Cam  183 

2.  orientalis,  iS'h«'</«   183 

3.  maculifi'ons,  Cam   183 

4.  agilis.  Smith    184 

5.  tarda,  Cam  184 

2.  Tacbytes,  Fanz  185 

1.  yerburyi,  Binffh   186 

2.  fer\'ida,  Smith    186 

3.  couspicua  (Smith)  ....  187 

4.  erythropoda,  C'a?».    .  .  187 

5.  tarsata,  Smith    188 

6.  monetaria,  Smith  ....  188 

7.  saundersii,  Binffh   189 

8.  sinensis,  Smith   189 

9.  modesta,  St/iM   190 

10.  ornatipes,  Cain   190 

11.  nitidula(Fa6)-.)   190 

12.  vicina.  Gam.   191 

13.  visbnu,  Cam   191 

3.  Tacbyspbex,  Eohl   192 

1.  bengalensia,  Cam   193 

2.  testaceipes,  Binffh.    . .  193 

3.  auriceps,  Cam   194 

4.  argyreus  (Sinith)    194 

6.  erytbrogaster.  Cam.  . .  195 

6.  rufo-niger,  Bingk   195 


SlSTEMATia  INDEX. 


XXIU 


Pnge 


4.  Larra,  Latr   l^'o 

1.  elegang,  Binyh.  ......  197 

2.  fusuipennis,  Cam  197 

3.  tisiphone  (Smith)  ....  198 

4.  sunintinna,  KoM   ....  198 

5.  carbonai'ia  (Sniith)    . .  198 

6.  erratica,  Bingh   199 

7.  simillima  (Smith)   199 

8.  maum  (Fabr.)   199 

9.  nana,  Bmyh  200 

10.  rufipes  (Smith)   200 

11.  nigriventria,  Ca7n  201 

5.  Notogonia,  Costa    ......  201 

1.  subtessellata  (Smith)..  202 

2.  deplanata,  Kohl   203 

3.  jaculatrix  (Smith)  203 

4.  laboriosa  (Smith)  ....  204 

5.  tristis  (Smith)    204 

6.  Liris,  Fab>-   205 

1.  aurata  (Fabr.)    206 

2.  nigripennis,  Cam  206 

3.  ducalis  (Smith)   207 

4.  h8emoi'rboidalis(  Fair.)  207 

7.  Pai-aliris,  Eohl    208 

1.  iaceta,  Bingh  208 

8.  Lyroda,    208 

1.  formosa  (Smith)   209 

2.  venusta,  Binyh   210 

9.  Piagetia,  iiiils   210 

1.  nificoi'uis,  Cam   21 1 

2.  fasciatipennis,  Cavi.  .  .  211 

10.  Lianthrena,  Bimjh   212 

1.  kohlii,  Binyh   213 

11.  Pakrus,  Latr   213 

1.  orientalis,  Kohl   214 

12.  Miscophus,  Jurine    215 

1.  rothneyi,  Bingh  216 

13.  Gastrosericus,  S^nn  216 

1.  rothneyi,  Cam  216 

2.  wroughtoni,  Cavi   217 

14.  Pison,  Spin   217 

1.  rugosnm,  Smith   218 

2.  suspiciosum,  Smith  . .  219 

3.  punctifrons,  Shuck.   .  .  219 

4.  argentatum  (Shtick.).  .  220 

5.  striolatum,  Cam  220 

6.  kohlii,  Bingh   220 

7.  erythropus,  Kohl  ....  221 

8.  rothneyi,  Cam  221 

9.  agile  (Smith)   222 

10.  obliteratum  (S7,iith)  .  .  222 

15.  Trypoxylon,  Lair  222 

1.  pileatuin,  Smith   224 

2.  intrudcns,  Smith    ....  224 

3.  canalicidatum,  Cam. .  .  226 

4.  buddha,  Cam   226 


Page 


5.  coloraium,  Smith  ....  226 
G,  obsonator,  Smith   ....  226 

7.  rejector,  Smith    226 

8.  bicolor,  Smith   227 

9.  gracilescens,  Smith    .  .  227 

16.  Anmiophila,  A'iVAi/   228 

1.  atripes,  Smith    229 

2.  humbertiaua,  Sauss.  .  .  230 

3.  dimidiata.  Smith   230 

4.  basalis.  Smith   231 

5.  vagabunda,  Smith ....  231 

6.  nigripes,  kmith    231 

7.  Isevigata,  Smith   231 

8.  elegans,  Smith    232 

9.  smithii,  Baly   232 

10.  brevipennis,  Binyh.  . .  232 

11.  punctata,  Smith   233 

12.  fuscipennis,  Smith    .  .  233 

13.  lasta,   234 

14.  hirticeps.  Cam  234 

16.  apicata,  Bingh  234 

16.  mandibulata,  Kirby  .  .  234 

17.  erythrocephala  (Fabr.)  235 

17.  Scelipbron,  Khig    235 

1.  intrudens  (Smith)  ....  236 

2.  spinolffl  (Lepel.)   237 

3.  madi-aspatanum  (Fabr.)  237 

4.  eoromandelicum(Zepe/.)238 
6.  solieri  (Lepel.)   238 

6.  bilineatiim  (Smith)   .  .  238 

7.  javanum  (Lepel.)  ....  239 

8.  t'ormosum  (Smitfi) ....  239 

9.  violaceum  (Fabr.)     .  .  240 

18.  Sphex,  Linn.  .   241 

1.  lobatus,  Fabr  242 

2.  regalia  (Smith)    243 

3.  splendidus  (2^ff6r.).  . .  .  243 

4.  fulvo-hirtua,  Binyh.  . .  244 

5.  nivosus  (Smith)   244 

6.  fegyptiua,  Lepel  245 

7.  vicinua,  Lepel  245 

8.  xanthopterus,  Cajn.  .  .  246 

9.  moroaus,  Smith   246 

10.  maurus,  Smith    247 

11.  aurifrona,  S)7iith    ....  247 

12.  luteipennis,  Mocs  247 

13.  nigiipea.  Smith   248 

14.  maia,  Binyh  249 

16.  nigellus,  Smith   249 

16.  umbrosua,  Christ    ....  250 

17.  aurulentiis,  Fabr  250 

18.  edax,  Binyh  251 

19.  viduatus,  Chi-ist   252 

19.  Ampulex,  Jurine   253 

1.  compresaa  (Fabi:) ....  264 

2.  constancea)  (Cam,.)   . .  256 


xxiv 


SYSTEMATIC  INDEX. 


3.  ruficornis  (Cam.)  .  .  . 

4.  novnras,  Smis.'i  

5.  latifrous,  Ko/il   

6.  cngnata,  Kohl   

7.  sikliimensis  [Kriechb.) 

8.  crudelis,  Binyh  

20.  Uolicliurus,  Latr  

1.  tnprobnnre,  Smith  .  . . 

2.  bipunctatus,  Bingh.  . 

21.  Trirhogma,  Westio  

1 .  ca3rulea,  Westw.    .  . . 

2.  prisraatica,  Smith  .  . . 

22.  Pseu,  Latr   

1.  pulclierrimus,  Binyh.. 

2.  orientalis,  Cam  

3.  nifiventi'is,  Cam.   . . . 

4.  clavatus,  Cam  

23.  Pemphredon,  Latr.    .  . . 
1.  fuscipennis,  Cam.  . . . 

24.  Stigmiis,  Jurine  

1.  congruus,  Walk.    . . . 

2.  niger,  Motsch  

25.  Passalcecus,  Shuck  

1.  levipes,  Biiiffh  

26.  NyasoB,  Latr  

1.  rugosus,  Cam  

2.  erythropoda,  Cam.    .  . 

3.  basalis,  S77iith   

27.  Helioryctes,  Sinith  

1.  assi'milis,  Bim/h  

28.  Gorytes,  Latr.  

1.  ornatus  (Smith)  

2.  alipes,  Bingh  

3.  amatorius,  Smith  

4.  greeni,  Bingh  

5.  impiger,  Bingh  

6.  politus,  Bingh  

7.  pictus,  Smith  

29.  Stizus,  Latr.  .  

1.  vespiformis  (Fahr^  .  . 

2.  calopteryx,  Handl.    . . 

3.  cornutus  (Smith)  .... 

4.  blandinus  (Smith)  

5.  biclipeatus  ( Chrid)   . . 

6.  rufescens  (Smith)  .... 

7.  melleus  (Smith)  

8.  reversus  (Smith)    . . .  . 

9.  lateralis,  Cam.   

10.  prismaticus  (Smith)  .  . 

11.  melanoxanthus  (Smith) 

30.  Bembex,  Oliv  

1.  lunata,  Fahr   

2.  melancliolica,  Smith..  . 

3.  biiddha,  Handl  

4.  sulphurescens,  Dahlb. . . 


Poge 

255 
256 
256 
257 
257 
258 
259 
260 
200 
260 
261 
262 
262 
26;} 
263 
264 
264 
.  265 
,  265 
,  206 
.  266 
.  267 
.  267 
.  268 
.  268 
.  269 
.  269 
.  269 
.  270 
.  271 
.  271 
.  272 
.  273 
.  273 
.  274 
.  274 
.  275 
.  275 
.  276 
.  277 
.  278 
.  278 
.  279 
.  279 
.  280 
.  280 
, .  281 
. .  281 
282 
283 
284 
285 
286 
287 
287 


PaRe 

5.  trepanda,  Dahlb  288 

6.  orientalis,  Handl  289 

7.  borrei,  Handl  289 

8.  latitarsus,  Handl  289 

9.  pinguis,  Handl   290 

10.  lossoria.  Smith    290 

11.  indica,  Handl  291 

12.  besione,  Bingh  291 

13.  taschenbergi'i,  Handl. .  292 

14.  ovan-s,  Bingh   292 

15.  westonii,  Bingh  293 

31.  Philantbus,  Fabr  293 

1.  nigriceps,  Bingh  295 

2.  depredator,  Smith  295 

3.  basalis,  Smith   296 

4.  ordinarius,  Bingh  296 

5.  avidiis,  Bingh  297 

6.  elegans,  Smith    297 

7.  sulpbureus,  S7nith  ....  298 

8.  concinnus,  Bingh  298 

9.  pulcberrimus,  Smith. .  299 

32.  Oerceris,  Latr   299 

1.  albopicta,  Smith    ....  301 

2.  rotbneyi,  (-0711  302 

3.  orientalis,  Smith   ....  302 

4.  bumbertiana,  Sauss.  . .  303 

5.  dentata,  Cam  303 

6.  tetradonta,  Cam  304 

7.  sulpburea,  Cam  805 

8.  pictiveutris,  J)ahlb.   .  .  30.5 

9.  flavopicta,  Smith   306 

10.  wrougbtoni,  Catn  306 

11.  instabilis,  S77iith   307 

12.  pulcbra,  Cam  308 

13.  visbnu,  Cam  308 

14.  vigilans,  Smith    308 

15.  tristis,  Cam  309 

16.  ferox,  Smith    309 

17.  mastogaster,  Smith    .  .  310 

18.  unifasciata,  Smith  310 

19.  nebulosa,  Cam  311 

20.  bilaris,  Smith   311 

21.  bifasoiata,  Gtwr   312 

22.  elizabethae,  Bijigh.    . .  312 

23.  pentadonta,  Cajn  312 

24.  kirbyi,  Bi7igh   313 

33.  O.vybelus,  Latr.  314 

1.  squainosus,  Snuth  ....  olo 

2.  robustus,  Cam  315 

3.  sabulosus,  Smith   31b 

4.  agilis,  Smith    31b 

5.  tridentatus,  S7n{th   317 

6.  nanus,  Bingh   317 

7.  ruficornis,  S77i{th   ....  317 

8.  SBBtuosus,  Bitigh  318 


SYSTEMATIC  INDEX. 


XXV 


PnRB 

9.  insularis,  Kohl    318 

10.  flnvipes,  Cam  319 

1 1.  fulvopilosus,  Cam  319 

12.  canescens,  Cam   320 

13.  lewisi,  Cam  320 

34.  Crabro,  Fabr  321 

1.  opifex,  Bingh   323 

2.  brooliii,  Bingh  323 

3.  biiddha,  Com   323 

4.  orientalis,  Cam  324 

5.  flavopictus,  Smith  ....  324 

6.  odontophorus,  Cam.  . ,  325 

7.  ardens,  Cam  325 

8.  sodalis,  Bivgh  326 

9.  insignis,  Smith   326 

10.  spinifroDS,  Bingh  327 

11.  auricomus,  Bingh  327 

12.  quadriceps,  Bingh.    . .  327 

13.  argentatus  (Zepel.)    . .  328 

14.  bellus  {Cam.)   328 

15.  palitans,  Bingh   329 

16.  fuscipennis,  Zepel  329 

17.  nanus,  Cam  330 

18.  nitidus  [Cam.)    330 

Tribe  Diploptera    331 

Fam.  1.  ETJMENiD.a;   331 

1.  Zethus,  Fabr  332 

1.  ceylonicus,  Saicss  333 

2.  dolosus,  Bingh  333 

2.  Eumenes,  Zatr   333 

1.  quadrispinosa,  Sanss. . .  336 

2.  depressa,  Sauss   337 

3.  bievirostrata,  Saiiss.  .  .  337 

4.  Indiana,  Sauss   338 

0.  humbertiana,  Sauss.  .  .  338 

6.  architectus,  Smith  ....  339 

7.  punctata,  Sauss   339 

8.  alEnissima,  Sauss  340 

9.  circinalis,  Fabr  340 

10.  xanthura,  Sauss  341 

11.  petiolata,  Fabr  341 

12.  dimidiatipennis,  Sauss..  342 

13.  esuriens,  Fabr  342 

14.  gracilis,  Sams  343 

15.  conica,  Fabr  343 

16.  elegans,  Sauss  344 

17.  edwardsii,  Sauss  344 

18.  flavopicta,  Blanch   345 

19.  arcuata  (Fabr.)   346 

20.  blancLardi,  Sauss  347 

21.  curvata,  Sauss  347 

22.  lenis,  Bingh  347 

23.  exigua,  Sauss   348 

TOL.  I. 


Pftge 

8.  Labus,  Sauss   348 

1.  humbertianus,  AxMSS. . .  349 

4.  Moutezumia,  Sauss  349 

1.  indica,  Sauss   350 

2.  burmanica,  Bingh   350 

3.  impavida,  Bingh  351 

5.  Rhyncniiim,  Spin  351 

1.  erythropus,  Bingh   363 

2.  moUeri,  Bingh  354 

3.  cupreipenne,  Bingh.  .  .  354 

4.  heemorrhoidale  {Fabr.).  354 
6.  atrum,  Sauss  355 

6.  bninneum  (Fabr.)  ....  355 

7.  mellyi,  Sauss   356 

8.  abdominale  (/%.)    .  .  357 

9.  nitidulum  (Fabr.)  357 

10.  metallicum,  Sauss   358 

11.  argentatum  (Fabr.)    .  .  358 

12.  bengalense,  Sauss  359 

13.  flavomarginatum,'S'OTrt/t  359 

14.  flavolineatiim.  Smith . ,  360 

6.  Odynerus,  Zatr  360 

1.  sikhimensis,  Bingh.  .  .  363 

2.  sichelii,  Sauss  363 

3.  aniadanensis,  Sauss.  .  .  364 

4.  ornatus  (Smith)   364 

5.  punctum  (Fabr.)    ....  365 

6.  punctatipennis,  Sauss.  .  365 

7.  miniatus,  Sauss   366 

8.  diffinis,  Sauss   366 

9.  fratemus,  Bingh  366 

10.  confluentus,  Smith ....  367 

11.  fragilis.  Smith   367 

12.  multipictus,  Smith ....  368 

13.  ceylonicus,  Sams  368 

14.  bipustulatus,  Sauss.  . .  369 

15.  ovalis,  Saiiss  369 

16.  guttatus  (Smith)   370 

17.  Sstulosus,  Sauss  370 

18.  humbertianus,  Sauss. . .  371 

19.  burmanicus,  Bingh.  .  .  371 

20.  icarioides,  Bingh  372 

21.  tinctipennis,  WalJc.    . .  372 

22.  intendens,  Walk  373 

7.  Pterochilus,  King   373 

1.  pulchellus.  Smith  ....  374 

8.  Alastor,  Zepel.    374 

1.  variolosus,  Bingh   376 

Fam.  2.  Vespidje   376 

1.  Iscbnogaster,  Guer   376 

1.  micans,  Sauss   378 

2.  fraterna,  Bingh   378 

3.  scitula,  Bingh   379 

4.  mfomaculata,  Bingh. . .  379 

e 


xxvi 


SYSTEMATIC  IND15X. 


Page 

5.  nigrifrons,  Smith    ....  379 

6.  nilidipennis,  Saxiss.    . .  380 

7.  eximia,  Bmr/h  380 

2.  Belonognster,  Sauss  381 

1.  iudica  {Sauss.)    382 

3.  Polybia,  Lepel  382 

1.  orientalis,  Sauss  383 

2.  stigma,  Smith    384 

3.  iudica,  Sauss   384 

4.  sumatrensia,  Sauss.    .  .  385 

4.  Icaria,  Sauss   385 

1.  guttatipennis,  Sauss.  .  .  387 

2.  feiTUginea  (Fabr.)  387 

3.  inargiuata  (Ze/Je/.)  388 

4.  variegata  {Smith)  ....  388 

5.  artifex,  Sauss   389 

6.  aumati-Ee  (  Weber)  389 

7.  speciosa,  Sauss  390 

8.  ungulata,  Bingh  391 

9.  aristocratica,  Sauss.  . .  391 

10.  aberrans,  Grib  391 

11  scitula,  Bingh  392 

12.  formosa,  Sauss  392 

6.  Paraicaria,  Grib  392 

1.  bicolor,  Grib  392 

6.  Polistes,  Xfl!(!r  393 

1.  schach  {Fabr.)    394 

2.  sulcatus,  Smith   395 

3.  hoplites,  Sauss  395 

4.  Sagittarius,  Sauss  395 

5.  stigma  (Fabr.)    396 

6.  maculipenuis,  Sauss.  .  .  396 

7.  assamensis,  Bingh.    .  .  397 

8.  adustus,  Bingh  397 

9.  hebreeus  {Fabr.)   398 

7.  Vespa,  Linn   399 

1.  dorylloides,  Sauss  40U 

2.  magnifica,  Smith   401 

3.  ducalis, -Sm^^/i    401 

4.  cincta,  Fabr  402 

5.  orientalis,  Linn  4Ud 

6.  basalis,  SmUh   403 

7  .Ucolov,  Fabr   404 

8.  structor,  Smith    404 

9.  yelutina,  Lepel  405 

10.  analis,  Fabr  405 

11.  flaviceps,  Smith   40b 

12.  -vivax,  Smith   4Ub 

13.  avu-aria,  Smith   

Tribe  Anthophila    408 

Fam.  1.  CoLLKTiDiE    408 

1 .  OoUetes,  Latr. 


Page 

Prosopis,  Fabr   409 

1.  mixta,  Smith   410 

2.  strenua,  Cam  411 

3.  mustela,  Vachal  411 

4.  feai,  Vachal    411 

5.  fei'vida,  Smith   412 

6.  scutula,  Vachal   412 

7.  absoliita,  Cam  412 

8.  bellicosa.  Cam  413 

9.  monilicornis  {Motsch.) .  413 


Fam.  2.  Apid.^  414 


1.  dudgeonii,  Bingh, 


408 
409 


1.  Spbecodes,  Latr  

1.  apicatus,  Smith  

2.  fumipennis,  Smith  .... 

3.  albifrons,  Smith  

4.  montanus,  Smith    . . . . 

5.  crassicornis,  Smith.  . .  . 

6.  ii'idipennis,  Smith  .  . .  . 

7.  rubripes,  S^pm  

2.  Halictus,  Latr  

1.  splendidulus,  Vachal. . 

2.  albe.scens,  Smith    .  . .  . 

3.  tristis,  Vachal   

4.  semiserinus,  Vachal  .  . 

5.  Catullus,  Vachal  

6.  tardus,  Ca7)i  

7.  dasygaster,  Vachal    . . 

8.  alphenus,  Cam  

9.  grandiceps,  Cam.  ... 

10.  vaclialii,  Bijigh  

11.  disciu'sus,  Ca?;j  

12.  pulchriventris,  Cam.  .  , 

13.  proteus,  Vachal  

14.  subopacus.  Smith  ... 

15.  taprobanos,  Ca)?i.    .  .  . 

16.  lucidiusculus,  Vachal 

17.  agrestis.  Smith   

18.  timidus,  Smith   

19.  gutturosus,  Vachal  . 

20.  propinquus.  Smith  .  . . 

21.  verualis,  Smith   

22.  buccinus,  Vachal  . . . 

23.  vicinus,  Vachal  

24.  spodiozonius,  Vachal. 

25.  camerouii,  Bingh.  . .  , 

26.  xanthognatlius,  Smith 

27.  -wrouglitoni,  Ca?«.  .  . . 

28.  invidus,  Cam  

29.  feai,  Vachal   

30.  fimbriatus,  Smith  .  .  . 

31.  garrulus,  Cam.   

32.  constrictus,  Smith  . . . 


416 
416 
417 
417 
418 
418 
418 
419 
419 
423 
423 
424 
424 
424 
425 
425 
426 
426 
426 
427 
427 
428 
428 
,  428 
.  429 
.  429 
.  429 
.  430 
.  430 
.  430 
.  431 
.  431 
.  431 
.  432 
.  432 
.  432 
.  433 
.  433 
.  433 
.  434 
.  434 


SySTEMATIO  INDEX. 


xxvii 


Page 


33.  fim'briatellus,  Vachal.  .  434 

34.  ducalis,  Bingh   435 

35.  lucidipennis,  Smith  .  .  435 

36.  rugolatus,  Smith   ....  436 

37.  cuniciilus,  Vachal  ....  430 

38.  funebris,  Cam   436 

39.  ciris,  Cam   436 

40.  vislinu,  Catn   437 

41.  salutator,  Cain   437 

42.  buddha,  Cain   437 

43.  intricatus,  Vachal ....  438 

44.  reticulatus,  Vachal   .  .  438 

45.  senescens,  Smith    ....  438 

46.  xystonotus,  Vachal  . .  439 

47.  amitinus,  Vachal  ....  439 

48.  riifo-zonatiis,  Vachal .  .  439 

49.  liodomus,  Vachal  ....  440 

50.  dissimulandus,  Cain.  . .  440 
61.  serenus,  Cam   440 

3.  Andrena,  Fabr   440 

1.  torrida,  Smith    442 

2.  rothneyi,  Cam   443 

3.  communis,  Smith  ....  443 

4.  mephistophelica,  Cam. .  443 

5.  gi'acillima,  Cam   444 

6.  anonyma,  Cam   444 

7.  floridida,  Smith   444 

8.  phsedra,  Cam   444 

9.  sacrissima,  Cam   445 

10.  morosa,  Cam   445 

11.  reticulata,  Cam   445 

12.  mollis,  Smith   446 

13.  han-ietse,  Hingh   446 

4.  Nomia,  Latr   447 

1.  elliotii,  Sinith   449 

2.  westwoodii,  Grib   449 

3.  chalybeata,  Smith  ....  450 

4.  curvipes,  Fabr   450 

5.  thoracica,  Smith   451 

6.  formosa.  Smith   451 

7.  iridescens,  Smith   ....  452 

8.  albofasciata.  Smith    .  .  452 

9.  carinata,  Smith   453 

10.  basalis,  S/nith   453 

11.  floralis,  Smith    453 

12.  pilipes,  Smith   454 

13.  antennata,  Smith  ....  454 

14.  auriirons.  Smith   455 

15.  capitata,  Smith   455 

16.  combusta,  Smith    ....  456 

17.  clypeata,  Smith   466 

18.  fervida,  Smith    456 

19.  oxybeloides,  Smith    . .  457 

20.  rustica,  Westw   457 

21.  vincta,  Walker   468 

22.  scutellata,  Sinith   ....  458 


Page 


23.  aurata,  Binr/h   458 

24.  terminata,  Smith   ....  469 

25.  fuscipennis,  Smith  ....  469 
6.  Steganomus,  Bits   460 

1.  nodicoi'nis,  Smith  ....  460 

6.  Ctenoplectra,  Smith    ....  461 

1.  apicalis,  Smith    462 

2.  chalybea,  Smith   462 

3.  cornuta,  Grib   462 

7.  Nomada,  Scop   463 

1.  decorata.  Smith   464 

2.  solitaria,  Smith   464 

3.  lusca,  Smith    4()5 

4.  adusta,  Smith   465 

8.  Systropha,  Klur/   466 

1.  diftbrmis,  Smith   466 

9.  Thaumatosoma,  Smith  . .  467 
1.  burmanicum,  Bingh. . .  467 

10.  Osmia,  Panz   468 

1.  ad£e,  Bingh   468 

11.  Litburgus,  Latr   469 

1.  atratus,  Smith    469 

2.  dentipes,  Smith   470 

12.  Megachile,  Latr   470 

1.  anthracina,  Smith  ....  473 

2.  elizabethse,  Bingh   474 

3.  carbonaria,  Smith  ....  474 

4.  semivestita  {Smith)  .  .  474 

5.  tuberculata.  Smith    . .  475 

6.  atrata,  Smith   475 

7.  heteroptera,  Sich   475 

8.  ardens.  Smith   475 

9.  bellula,  Bingh   476 

10.  stulta,  Bingh   476 

11.  fulvovestita,  Smith   . .  477 

12.  bicolor  {Fabr.)    477 

13.  fratema,  Smith   478 

14.  quartinse,  Grib   478 

15.  mystacea  {Fabr.)  ....  479 

16.  conjuncta.  Smith  ....  479 

17.  disjuncta  {Fabr.)   480 

18.  relata,  Smith   480 

19.  monticola,  Smith  ....  480 

20.  badia,  Bingh   481 

21.  bhavanse,  Bingh   481 

22.  dimidiata,  Stnith    482 

23.  velutina,  Smith   482 

24.  ceylonica,  Bingh   482 

25.  lanata  {Fabr.)   483 

26.  uinbripennis,  Smith  .  .  483 

27.  amputata,  Smith   ....  484 

28.  penetrata,  Smith    ....  484 

29.  buddbaj,  Ball.  Ton:  . .  484 

30.  vestita,  Smith   48 

31.  cephalotes,  Stnith  ....  485 

32.  faceta,  Bingh   486 


xxviii 


SYSTEMATIC  INDEX. 


33.  griaeopicta,  iiflf/oss/c. . .  48U 

34.  pulchripes,  Cam   486 

35.  nana,  Binyh  487 

36.  albilrons,  Smith  487 

87.  feraoratn,  Smith   488 

38.  vigilan.s,  Smith    488 

39.  hera,  Binrjh  489 

40.  chlorigaster,  Cam  489 

41.  tricincta,  Bim/h  489 

42.  moelleri,  Bin'yh  490 

43.  steloides,  Biiiyh  490 

13.  Anthidium,  Fubr  490 

1.  lachrymosum,  Smith.  .  492 

2.  flavomacLilatum,  Cam. .  492 

3.  pulchelluui,  Eiuff  493 

4.  imitator,  Smith   493 

5.  avdens,  Smith   494 

6.  ordinal  mil,  Smith  ....  494 

7.  laxipes,  Bint/h  495 

8.  fraternum,  Bin(ih  496 

9.  orientale,  Bingh  496 

10.  rasorium.  Smith  496 

14.  Stelis,  Pans   496 

1.  parvula,  Cam   497 

2.  cornuta,  Bingh  497 

15.  Parevaspis,  Ritsema  ....  498 

1.  abdominalis  (Smith)  .  .  499 

2.  carbonaria  (iSmtWi)  499 

16.  Ceratina,  ioi!)-   499 

1.  viridissima,  Dall.  Torr.  601 

2.  propinqua,  Cam.    •  •  •  •  501 

3.  sexmaculata,  Smith   .  .  501 

4.  taprobanse.  Cam  502 

5.  picta,  Smith    502 

6.  perforatrix.  Smith  _  502 

7.  bieroglyphica,  A/iiiA.  .  503 

8.  moderata,  Cam  504 

9.  beata,  Cam  504 

10.  lepida,  Smith   505 

11.  simillima,  Smith  505 

17.  Allodape,  Lepel  605 

1.  cupulifera,  Vachal  506 

2.  marginata,  Smith  ....  507 

3.  parvula,  Smith    507 

18.  Heriades,  Spin  507 

1.  aureocincta,  Bingh.   .  .  508 

2.  parvula,  Bingh.   608 

19.  Coelioxys,  Latr  508 

1.  decipiens.  Spin  510 

2.  fuscipennis.  Smith  ....  511 

3.  angulatus,  Smith   511 

4.  ducalis,  6W</j   512 

5.  tninutus,  Smith   612 

6.  capitatus,  Smith   512 

7.  basalis.  Smith   513 

8.  sexmaculatus,  Cam.  . .  513 


0.  cuneatus,  Smith  614 

10.  confuBus,  Smith   514 

11.  argentifrons.  Smith    .  .  615 

20.  Melecta,  Lair   516 

1.  hinialayana,  Bingh.   . .  516 

21.  Crocisa,  Jurine    616 

1.  emarginata,  Lepel   517 

2.  histrio  (Fabr.)   618 

3.  raraosa,  Lepel   6J8 

4.  luinuta,  Had.   619 

5.  massurii,  Rad  519 

22.  Teti'alonia,  Spin   520 

1.  duvaucelii,  Lepel  620 

2.  binialayeiisis,  ^w^/Zi.. .  621 

23.  Habropoda,  Smith    521 

1.  radoszkowskii  [Dall. 

Ton:)    622 

2.  niagrettii,  Bingh  623 

3.  moelleri,  Bingh  623 

24.  Antliopliora,  Latr  623 

1.  bicincta  (Fabr.)   625 

2.  crocea,  Bingh   626 

3.  cingulata  (Fabr.)     ...  526 

4.  zonata  (Linn.)    527 

6.  niveo-cincta,  Smith   .  .  627 

6.  cont'usa,  Smith    528 

7.  fallax.  Smith    528 

8.  insularis.  Smith    529 

9.  quadrifaseiata  (  Fillers)  629 

10.  fraterna,  Bingh  529 

11.  fimbriata,  Smith   530 

12.  Candida,  Smith    631 

13.  violacea,  Lepel.    631 

14.  brooliige,  Bingh  532 

15.  hinialayensis,  Rad.    . .  532 

16.  pulcherrima,  Bingh.  . .  632 

25.  Xylocopa,  Latr  5.33 

1.  latipes  (Brury)    536 

2.  tenuiscapa,  Westio.    . .  637 

3.  acutipennis.  Smith  ....  637 

4.  pictifrons.  Smith  ....  538 
6.  auripennis,  Lepel  538 

6.  dissimilis,  Lepel  538 

7.  nigrocserulea.  Smith  . .  639 

8.  fenestrata  (Fabr.)  539 

9.  ametbystina,  Fabr.    . .  640 

10.  iridipennis,  Lepel.  ....  640 

11.  ffistuaus  (Linn.)   640 

12.  verticalis,  Lepel   641 

13.  bryoi-um  (2''aA)-.)   541 

14.  basalis,  Smith   642 

15.  albofasciata,  Sich  542 

16.  collari,s,  Lepel.   543 

17.  rufescens.  Smith   643 

18.  cajrulea  (Fabr.)  ......  544 

19.  flavunigresceus,  Smith .  644 


SYSTEMATIC  INDEX. 


xxix 


Page 

26.  Bombus,  Latr   544 

1.  rufofascintus,  Smith  . .  547 

2.  montivagus,  Smith.  . . .  647 

3.  magrettii,  Grib  548 

4.  clinnnicus,  Grib   548 

5.  trifasciatus,  Smith  ....  548 

6.  personatus,  Smith  ....  548 

7.  tunicatus,  Smith   54f) 

8.  eximius,  Smith    549 

9.  flavescens,  Smith   ....  550 

10.  melanurus,  Lepel.  ....  550 

11.  assamensis,  Bingh   550 

li'.  andamanus,  Gr'ib  551 

13.  atroclnctus,  Smith  ....  551 

14.  funerarius,  Smith   551 

16.  terminalis,  Smith  ....  552 

16.  flavothoracicus,  Bingh  .  652 

17.  festivus,  Smith    553 

18.  miniatus,  Bingh   553 

19.  vallestris,  Smith   553 

20.  hsemorrhoidalis,  Smith.  654 

21.  simiUimus,  Smith  ....  554 


Page 

22.  orientalis,  Swiil/t   555 

23.  longiceps,  Smith    ....  655 

27.  Psithyrus,  Lepel  555 

1.  bellardii,  Grib  656 

28.  Apis,  Linn   566 

1.  dorsata,  Jafir   567 

2.  indica,  Fabr  568 

3.  florea,  Fabr  659 

29.  Melipona,  Illig  559 

1.  vidua,  Lepel.    661 

2.  ati-ipes  (Smith)    561 

3.  coUina  {SmUh)    662 

4.  apicalis  (Smith)   562 

6.  canifrons  (Smith)  ....  562 

7.  ventialis  (Smith)   562 

8.  IsBviceps  (Smith)   563 

8.  smitbii,  Bingh  663 

9.  iridipennis  (Smith)    . .  663 

10.  preeterita  ( Walk.)  664 

11.  liitea,  Bingh  564 

12.  thoracica  (Smith)  664 


TOL.  I. 


Tribe  FOSSORES. 


Family  MUTILLID^. 

The  insects  belonging  to  this  family  have  been  called  "  Solitary 
Ants  "  With  the  true  ants,  however,  they  have  no  very  close 
affinity,  but  belong  to  the  Fossores.  The  sexes,  c?  and  ?  ,  are 
solitary  ;  there  are  no  neuters.  The  d  is  wmged  ;  the  pronotum 
is  produced  back  at  its  lateral  angles  to  the  base  of  the  wings ; 
the  fore  wing  has  at  least  one  closed  cubital  cell ;  the  1st  discoidal 
cell  is  always  shorter  than  the  1st  submedial  cell,  and  the  apex  of 
the  abdomen  is  armed  with  one  or  more  spines  or  blunt  teeth. 
The  5  is  apterous,  has  the  legs  stout,  fitted  for  digging ;  the 
tibiaj  spinose,  the  tarsi  cdiated,  the  basal  joint  of  the  latter  cylin- 
drical and  not  pubescent  on  the  inside. 

Key  to  the  Genera. 

a.  Abdomen  in  2  and  d  with  deep  con- 

strictions between  1st  and  2nd,  and  2nd 

and  3rd  segments   1-  Aptehogyna,  p.  1. 

b.  Abdomen  in  5  and  d  with  no  such  con- 

striction, or  if  constricted  the  constric- 
tion only  between  the  Ist  and  2nd 
segments    2.  Mutili.a,  p.  2. 

Genus  APTEROGYNA. 

Scolia,  part.,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  228  (1793). 
Apterogyna,  Lair.  Gen.  Crust.  Ins.  iv,  p.  121  (1809). 

Type,  A.  olivieri,  Latr. 
Range.  India  and  Africa. 


Fig.  1. — Apterogyna  mutilloidcs,  cJ. 


Characters  mostly  those  of  Mutilla.  Antennae  setaceous,  nearly 
as  long  as  the  head  and  body  united  ;  scape  elongate  ;  mandibles 
arched,  subdentate ;  abdomen  with  the  1st  and  2nd  segments 

vox..  I.  B 


nodiform  ;  ocelli  (  rT )  prominent,  placed  in  a  triangle  on  vertex  ; 
wings  (cJ)  moderately  broad,  fore  wing  with  the  cells  much 
reduced,  well  removed  from  the  apical  margin,  only  one  cubital 
cell ;  anal  segment  of  abdomen  in  d  with  an  up-curved  spine. 

1  Apterogyna  mutilloides,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  64,  $  d  ;  Cam.  Mem. 
Munch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  137. 
9  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  very  coarsely  punctured,  the 
punctures  running  into  longitudinal  coarse  striae  on  the  posterior 
portion  of  the  pronotum  and  on  the  abdomen.  Black,  the 
antenna)  the  vertex  and  front  of  the  head,  the  occiput,  thorax, 
and  1st  abdominal  segment  red;  the  legs  obscurely  dark  chestnut- 
red  ;  the  whole  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  covered  with  glistening 

silvery  white  hairs.  ,     .  ,  u  4.  4-i     i,  i 

d  "  Similar  in  colour,  with  simdar  pubescence,  but  the  head 

nearly  black  ;  the  antennse  longer,  more  filiform,  and  darker  ;  the 

pubescence  on  the  apical  segments  of  the  abdomen  more  dense ; 

wings  hyaline,  lightly  fuscous,  with  a  brownish  tint^ 

Bah  "India  (Smith) ;  Allahabad,  North-West  Provinces.     $  . 

Length  17  mm.     d  •  Length  12  ;  exp.  22  mm. 

Genus  MUTILLA. 

Mutilla,  Linn.  Syst.  Nat.  i,  p.  966  (1767) 
Tiphia,  pt.,  Rossi,  Faun.  Mrusc.  u,  p.  fa8  (1/JU}. 

Type,  M.  ewopma.  Linn. 
lianye.  Both  hemispheres. 


5  ° 

pig_  2. — Mutilla  internipta.  |. 

Q  Head  orbicular,  sometimes  subquadrate;  eyes  generally 
small  and  round;  ocelli  absent;  antennae  subhhform,  rarely 
se  aceous,  inserted  low  down  just  above  the  very  short  clypeus, 
Sir  base's  moderately  wide  apart;  clypeus  generally  small ;  man- 
dib  es  unidentate  as  a  rule  ;  thorax  more  or  less  rectangular,  or 
taclrate  sometimes  oval,  occasionally  much  narrowed  and  com- 
pressed anteriorly  or  posteriorly;  legs  short,  robust,  spinose; 
Emen  ovate,  1st  segment  subpyriform,  occasionally  narrowed 
and  Solate,  urnisbed  beneath  with  a  carina,  which  is  occa- 
rLCb^it^ery  rarely,  absent;  anal  segment  with  an  elongate 
acute  sting  often  exserted. 


MTJTIIiliA. 


3 


■  c?  ■  Head  t.ransverse,  compressed,  soinetimes  orbicular  or  sub- 
triangular  :  eyes  generally  more  or  less  emargiuate  on  the  inside, 
in  some  species  ovate  or"  round ;  ocelli  three,  placed  in  a  triangle 
on  the  vertex  ;  mandibles  arcuate,  generally  tridentate  at  apex ; 
thorax  short,  massive ;  tegulas  usually  large,  sometimes  remarkably 
so.  AVings  broad  and  ample,  the  fore  wing  with  three,  in  some 
species  olaly  two,  cubital  cells ;  the  2nd  and  3rd  each  receive  a 
recurrent  nervure ;  when  only  two  cubital  cells  are  present,  the 
2ud  recurrent  nervure  is  olDsolete.  Legs  long  and  pubescent. 
Abdomen  ovate,  generally  strongly  curved  downwards  towards 
apex,  the  apex  armed  with  blunt  teeth  or  spines;  the  Ist  segment 
sometimes  petiolate. 

Key  to  the  Species. 
Females  *. 

A.  Head  Uack  ;  thorax  red. 

a.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  two  spots, 
the  spots  lateral. 
a'.  The  spots  of  yellow  or  golden  pubes- 
cence. 

a-.  Apical  margin  of  2nd  abdominal  seg- 
ment with  a   transverse  fascia  of 
yellow  or  golden  pubescence. 
a?.  First  abdominal    segment  black, 
with  a.  semilunar  spot  of  yellow 

pubescence   M.  maximina,  p.  10. 

¥.  First  abdominal  segment  entirely 
black. 

a*.  Anal  segment  rufo-ferruginous. 
a^.  Lateral  spots  on  2nd  abdomi- 
nal segment  small ;  marginal 

fascia  very  narrow   M.  pulchrinella,  p.  10. 

b^.  Lateral  spots  on  2nd  abdomi- 
nal segment  large  ;  marginal 

fascia  broad   M.  ninnii,  p.  11. 

6*.  Anal  segment  black. 

a^.  Transverse  band  on  2nd  and  3rd 
segments  broadly  interrupted 

in  the  middle   M.fets,  p.  11. 

6'.  Transverse  band  on  2nd  and  3rd 

segments  entire    M.  lillijnitiana,  p.  11. 

i2.  Apical  margin  of  2nd  abdominal  seg- 
ment vyitbout  a  transverse  fascia. 
a^.  Fourth  abdominal  segment  with  a 
transverse  fascia  of  yellow  or  golden 
pubescence. 

a*.  Head  with  golden  pubescence  . .  M.  pulchriceps,  p.  12. 
¥.  Head  without  golden  pubescence. 
a°.  Thorax  posteriorly  armed  with 

two  teeth    M.  tridungulata,  p.  11. 

¥.  Th.orax  not  so  armed   M.  soror,  p.  12. 

b'.  Fourth  abdominal  segment  without  [p.  12. 

a  transverse  fascia   M.  pectino-spinata, 


In  many  species  only  one  sex  is  known. 

B  2 


iroaMLLIDjB. 


The  spots  of  white  pubescence. 
d\  Apical  margin  ot  Ist  abdominal  seg- 
ment ciliated  with  yellow  pubes- 

cence    niveosignata,  p.  Vi. 

i'-'.  Apical  marmn  of  1st  abdominal  seg- 
ment not  ciliated  with  yellow  pubes- 
cence ;  segment  entirely  black, 
•a-'.  Third  abdominal  segment  with  an 
entire  transverse  pubescent  white 

band  on  apical  margin   M.  dimidiata,  p.  l^i. 

i^.  Third  abdominal  segment  with  a 
transverse  pubescent  white  band 
on  apical  margin  broadly  inter- 
rupted in  the  middle. 
«'.  Fourth  abdominal  segment  with- 
out a  distinct  band  or  elongate  _ 

spots  on  either  side   .  M.  vicimssima,  p.  Id. 

6'.  Fourth  abdominal  segment  with 
a  distinct  medially  interrupted 
band  on  its  apical  margin. 

aK  Length  under  7  mm   M.  ruficrus,  p.  14. 

J'.  Length  over  10  mm. 
■a".  Posterior  margin  of  thorax 
truncate,  the  pimctures  on 
the  truncation  running  into 

si-cxrR    M.  intemipta,  p.  14. 

•5^  Posterior  margin  of  thorax 
truncate,  the  punctures  on 
the  truncation  nut  running 

intostriai   M.  suhntrans,^.\b. 

c^.  Third  abdominal  segment  with  a 
lateral  more  or  less  circular  or 
oblong  spot. 
The  lateral  spot  at  base  of  the 

segment    colabenm,  p.  15. 

A'.  The  lateral  spot  in  the  middle  on 
either  side  or  past  the  middle, 
close  to  the  margin  of  the  seg- 
ment. 

«».  A  lateral  spot  on  the  4th  seg- 

a\  Legs  red    ceylanensis,  p.  15. 

b^.  Legs  black. 

a".  Antenuffi  black   M.  aultca,  p.  lo. 

b\  Antenna3  feiTuginous   M.  he.raops,  p  16. 

b\  No  spot  on  the  4th  segment  .  .  M.  valtda,  p.  16. 
^3.  Third  segment  entirely  black,  im- 

maculate   M .  p.  16. 

Second  abdominal  segment  with  two  spots, 
the  spots  medial,  one  above  the  other.  ,, 

a'.  The  spots  golden   ^- P- 1'  • 

v.  The  spots  silvery  white. 
a^.  Third  abdominal  segment  with  silvery 
pubescence. 

Thorax  rounded  posteriorly.  i,    ■,  17 

Head  black    ^''"'f '^''i'^^;  17 

b*.  Head  silvery   M.  comtancece,  p.  17. 


MUTILLA. 


6'.  Thorax    transverse    or  truncate 
posteriorly. 
a^.  First  abdominal  segment  with  a 
transverse  band  of  silvery  pubes- 

cence  at  apex  M.pondicherensis,^'.  18. 

b*.  First  abdominal  segment  without 
any  transverse  band, 
a'.  Apical  nrnrgin  of  2nd  with  a 

transverse    silvery  band    in  ■  iq 

addition  to  the  spots   M.  nifUnrsis,  p.  i». 

b^.  Apical  margin  of  2nd  without 

a  transverse  band   _   M.  aurffci,  ^.  IS. 

b-.  Third  abdominal   segment  without 

any  silvery  pubescence   M.  subylubra,  p.  19. 

Second  abdominal  segment  with  a  single 

spot  of  golden  or  silvery  pubescence, 
a'.  Spot  golden  yellow. 

a'-.  First  abdominal  segment    with  a 
transverse  band  or  fimbria  of  yellow 
pubescence  on  its  apical  margin. 
a".  Ventral  carina  on  1st  abdominal 

segment  emarginate  •  •  M.  c.ovjungenda,  p.  19. 

6'.  Ventral  carina  on  1st  abdominal 

segment  dentate   M.  Uvhyii,  p.  20. 

i^.  First  abdominal  segment  without  a 
transverse  band  or  iimbria  of  yellow 
pubescence  on  its  apical  margin. 
a'.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  a 
transverse  band  of  yellow  pubes- 
cence   on  its    apical  margin  in 

addition  to  the  spot   M.  tenasserimiea,  p.  20. 

A'.  Second  abdominal   segment  with- 
out a  transverse  baud  of  yellow 

pubescence  on  its  apex   M.  buddha,  p.  21. 

h'.  Spot  silvery  white. 

a-.  First  abdominal  segment  ciliated  with 

white  hairs   M.  coronata,^.21. 

b^.  First  abdominal  segment  not  ciliated 
with  white  hairs. 
a^.  Second   abdominal  segment  with 
a   transverse    band   of  white 
pubescence  on  its  apical  margin, 

in  addition  to  the  spot   M.  decora,  p.  21. 

b^.  Second   abdominal  segment  with 

no  transverse  pubescent  band  .  .  M.  trimaculata,  p.  22. 
I.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  three  spots 
of  golden  or  silvery  pubescence. 
a'.  One  spot  at  base,  two  on  the  margin. 

cr.  Vertex  of  head  with  a  spot  of  white  [p.  22. 

pubescence   M.  argejiieomaculata, 

6^  Vertex  without  any  such  spot  ...  .  .  M.  kohli,  p.  23. 

v.  All  three  spots  on  the  margin    M.  cotesi,  p.  23. 

c.  All  three  spots  near  base    '.   M.  nobilis,  p.  24. 

s.  Second  abdominal  segment  immaculate. 
a!.  First  abdominal  segment  with  one  spot 
near  base,   and  a  transverse  band  of 
yellow  pubescence  on  its  apical  margin.  M.  laminella,  p.  24. 


MUTILLIB.T. 


b'.  First  abdomiual  segment  without  spot 

or  baud    M.  camope,  p.  24. 

c'.  First  abdominal  segment  witli  4  spots  . .  M.  sex -macu lata,  p.  lo. 
f.  Second  abdomiual  segment  with  a  trans- 
verse fascia  on  its  apical  margin. 
a'.  The  fascia  of  golden  or  fulvous  pubes- 
cence. 

a-.  Apex  of  the  thorax  trimcate   M.  agnata,  p.  25. 

b-.  Apex  of  the  thorax  bluntly  rounded  M.  insulans,  p.  25. 

C-.  Apex  of  the  thorax  angular    M.  serrcdula,  p.  26. 

b'.  The  fascia  of  white  pubescence   M.  dissimulanda,  p.  20. 

B.  Head  black  variegated  with  red  or  ferru- 
ginous ;  thorax  red. 

a.  Second   abdominal  segment  with  three 

pubescent  white  spots   M.  rollmeyi,  p.  27. 

b.  Second    abdomiual   segment    with  four 

pubescent  white  spots  or  marks. 
a'.  Three  of  the  spots  in  a  triangle  above, 

the  4th  medially  on  the  apical  margin.  M. pandora,  p.  2.1. 
b'.  One  spot  on  each  side  near  base,  two 
■on  the  apical  margin, 
a-.  Posterior  lateral  angles  of  tbe  thorax 

produced  backwards   M.  kanthell(B,  p. 

P.  Posterior  lateral  angles  of  the  thorax  _ 

rounded    M.  maeuliceps,^.^^. 

c.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  two  pu- 

bescent white  spots  or  marks,  one  at  base 
round,  the  other  on  apical  margin  semi- 
circular    M.  mgnffetia,  ^- 

d.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  no  spots, 

but  a  fascia  on  its  apical  margin  of  white 

pubescence   M.  retiMa,.^. 

e.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  one  spot  of 

white  pubescence. 
a'.  Third  abdominal  segment  with  a  spot  of 

white  pubescence   ^-  ocellata,  p.  29 

b'  Third  abdominal  segment  with  a  broad  ,   ,     .  " 

fascia  of  silvery  pubescence   M.  maculo-fasctata, 

C  Head  and  thorax  both  black. 

Second  abdominal  segment  black,  with  a 
medial  spot  of  golden  pubescence   ......  M.  variegata,  p.  dO. 

b  Second  abdominal  segment  black,  with  a  _ 

lunate  mark  of  silvery  pubescence  ......  M.funerana,  p.  30. 

c.  Second  abdominal  segment  black,  with  a 
medial  round  spot  near  base,  and  a  broad 
transverse  band  of  yellowish-white  pubes-  _ 

cence   •  ^-  P-  ^O- 

Second  abdominal  segment  not  spotted, 

but  otherwise  coloured, 
a'  Abdominal  segments  1-5  covered  vnt\\  _ 

■    golden  pubescence  ;  6th  segment  black.  M.  semtaurata,  p.  .51. 
y  First  and  second  segments  and  basal 
margin  of  third  with  transverse  bauds 
of  golden  pubescence    M.  reimta,  p.  31. 


MUTIIiLA. 


7 


D.  Head  and  thorax  red. 

a.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  a  spot  ot 

o-oldeu  pubescence  on  ouch  side. 
a'.°With  a  transverse  band  of  pubescence 

on  its  apical  margin  also.  .   ,  01 

a-  The  band  "-oldeu  yellow  in  colour  .  .  M.  eicatrificera,  p.  61. 

A-.'  The  band  yellowish  white   M.  aurifrmis,  p.  32. 

b'.  Without  a  transverse  band  of  pubescence 
on  its  apical  margin. 
ffl=.  Third  abdominal  segment  with  a  spot 
on  each  side. 

a^.  The  spots  of  golden  pubescence    . .  M.  diversa,  p.  rfz. 
63.  The  spots  of  silvery  pubescence    . .  M.  dives,  p.  32. 
b-  Third  abdominal   segment   with  a 

single  medial  spot    M.  chrysopMkalma, 

c^.  Third  abdominal  segment  with  a  trans-  LP- 
verse  band  of  golden  pubescence, 
or  covered  wholly  with  it. 

a3.  Pygidium  striate    M.  nudiceps,  p.  33. 

63.  Pygidium  punctate   M.  enjthrocer a,  ^.33. 

b.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  two  medial 

silvery  spots,  one  above  the  other  .   M.  regia,  p.  34. 

c.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  a  silvery 

white  spot  on  each  side    M.  cestuans,  p.  34. 

d.  Second  abdominal  segment  without  spots, 

but  with  a  transverse  band  of  golden  or 
sUvery  pubescence. 
a'.  Band  of  golden  pubescence. 

a-.  At  base  only    AT-  aurifex,  p.  34. 

b-.  At  both  base  and  apex    M.  hiimbertiana,  p.  35. 

c^.  At  apex  only. 

a'.  Thorax  with  a  conical  projection 
or  tooth  on  each  side, 
a*.  Abdomen  petiolate. 

a^.  First  abdominal  segment  with 

a  transverse  fascia  at  apex  .  .  M.  placida,  t).  36. 
6°.  First  abdominal  segment  with- 
out a  transverse  fascia  at  apex.  M.  mcreorubra,  p.  35. 

5'.  Abdomen  not  petiolate    M.  trichocoridyla,  p.  36, 

£3.  Thorax  with  no  lateral  conical  pro- 
jection or  tooth. 
a*.  Thorax  anteriorly  transverse  ....  M.  bicincta,  p.  36. 
b^.  Thorax  anteriorly  arched,  sub- 
angular    M.  kauarcB,  p.  36. 

b'.  Band  of  silvery  pubescence. 

Third  and  following  abdominal  seg- 
ments also  witli  transverse  bands  of 

silvery  pubescence   M.  atomus,  p.  37. 

6^.  Third  and  following  abdominal  seg- 
ments black,  without  bands  of  silvery 
pubescence. 
d^.  Basal  abdominal  segment  broadly 

brown  in  the  middle    M.  denticollis,  p.  37. 

6'.  Basal     abdominal    segment  not 
broadly  brown  in  the  midd  le — 

black   M.  voroman  eltca,  p.  37. 


8 


MUTIXLIDJE. 


e.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  a  single 
spot  of  goldan  yellow  or  white  pubescence. 
«'.  Spot  of  golden  pubescence. 
a'-.  The  hrst  abdominal  segment  black, 
immaculate, 
a".  Thora.v  with  a  lateral  conical  pro- 
jection or  tooth    31.  veda,  p.  37. 

IP.  Thorax  without  a  lateral  conical 

projection  or  toolh   M.  pusilla,  p.  38. 

b-.  First  abdominal  segment  maculate. 

Thorax  dentate  posteriorly,  with  a 

medial  spine   M.  lunar  if asciata, 

P.  Thorax  not  dentate  or  spined  pos-  [p.  38. 

teriorly   M.  puerilis,  p.  38. 

b'.  Spot  of  silvery  pubescence. 

Apical  margin  of  2nd  abdominal  seg- 
ment with  a  transverse  band  also 

of  white  pubescence    M.  poonaensis,-^.  2Q. 

b-.  Apical  margin  of  2nd  abdominal  seg- 
ment with  a  spot  only  of  white 

pubescence   M.  rujiventris,  p.  39. 

/.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  three  or 
more  spots  of  silvery  or  golden  pubescence. 
a'.  The  spots  silvery, 
n'.  Four  spots. 

a".  Abdomen  petiolate   M.  auropalliata,  p.  39. 

b^.  Abdomen  not  petiolate    M.  optima,  p.  40. 

b":  Three  spots.  [p-  40. 

Abdomen  blacli    M.  jndcliriuentns, 

b^.  Abdomen  deep  caerulean  blue    ....    M.  metaUica,  p.  41. 

b'.  The  spots  golden   M.  perelegans,  p.  41. 

g.  Second  abdominal  segment  black,  immacu- 
late   M.  pulchrina,  ■p.  a. 

E.  Head  brown  ;  thorax  red  or  brown,  posteriorly 
red. 

n.  Thorax  red    ^-  taylori,  p.  42. 

b.  Thorax  brown,  changing  to  ferruginous  red 

posteriorly   argentipes,  p.  42. 

Males. 

A.  Thorax  black. 

a.  Abdomen  more  or  less  red. 
a  .  Wings  fuscous,  paler  at  the  base. 

a^  Basal  abdominal  segment  only  red  .  .    M.  opulenta,  p.  42. 
6^  Second  abdominal  segment  only  red  .    M.  argenteomacMlata, 
c^  First,  second,  and  third  abdominal  [p-  22. 
segments  red. 
u,^.  Fourth  abdominal  segment  with  an 
ill-defined  silvery  transverse  pu- 
bescent fascia                                M.  schlettereri,  p.  43. 

6'.  Fourth  abdominal  segment  with  a 
well-defined    golden  transverse 

pubescent  fascia   M.  stephani,  p.  43. 

Jr.  First  to  the  fourth  abdominal  seg- 
ments red. 

Length  11-13  mm   M.  analis,  p.  44.  • 

6^  Length  15-17  mm   M.  mterrupta,  p.  14. 


MUTILIiA. 


9 


e-.  Second  to  the  fifth  abdominiil  seg- 
ments red. 

Front  between  the  antennae  with  a  ■  A^ 

short  spinous  process   M.  mbanalis,  p.  41. 

4=  Front  between  the  antenn£B  with- 

out  a  spine    M.  tornatoret,  p.  45. 

f-  First  to  the  fifth  abdominal  segments 

j.g^   M.  inlloseUa,^.  Ao. 

b'.  Wings  dark  fuscous,  with  a  purple 

eftulgence.  . 
a-.  Basal  two  abdominal  segments  red  .  .    M.  unifasctata,  p.  46. 
b-.  Base  and  apical  margin  of  1st  and 

base  of  2ad  abdominal  segment  red.    M.josephi,  p.  46. 
C-.  Basal  three  abdominal  segments  red. 

a\  Length  11-12  mm   M.  gnbodoi,^.  46. 

J3.  Length  6  mm   handhrschi,  p.  4b. 

d^.  Second  to  fifthabdominal  segments  red. 
a'.  Scutellum  raised,  produced  at  back 
into  a  shai-p  conical  tubercle. 

a\  Length  12  mm   emergenda,  p.  4/. 

fi*.  Length  over  18  mm. 

a\  Head  and  thorax -with  silvery 

pubescence    M.  dimidiata,  p.  13. 

W.  Head  and  thorax  -with  black 

pubescence    M.  indostana,  p.  47. 

63.  Scutellum  not  tuberculate   M.  emeryi,  p.  47. 

h.  Abdomen  entirely  black. 

a.  Head  sloping  backwards,  longitudinally 
striate. 

a?.  Basal  four  abdominal  segments  with 

transverse  bands  of  white  pubescence.    M.  exiloides,  p.  48. 
b-.  Basal  three  abdominal  segments  with  _  [p.  48 

transverse  bands  of  white  pubescence.    M.  circumscribmda, 
b'.  Head  rounded,  not  sloping  backwards, 

punctured   M.  discreta,  p.  48. 

B.  Thorax  red ;  abdomen  chiefly  or  whoUy  black. 

a.  Head  black. 

a'.  A  transverse  band  on  margin  of  2nd  aud 
the  whole  of  the  3rd  abdominal  seg- 
ment with  white  or  yellow  pubescence. 

The  pubescence  white   M.  cariana,  p.  49. 

6=.  The  pubescence  yellow    M.  conjungenda,  p.  19, 

b'.  Apical  margins  of  basal  three  segments 

with  bands  of  white  pubescence   ....    M.  antennata,  p.  49. 

c'.  Apical  margins  of  basal  three  segments 

black   M.  dilecta,  p.  49. 

b.  Head  red. 

a'.  Basal  abdominal  segments  red,  remaining 

segments  black   M.  peduncidata,  p.  51. 

v.  Abdomen  black,  with  white  pubescent 

spots    M.  roihneyi,  p.  27. 

c'.  Abdomen  entirely  black   M.  perversa,  p.  60. 

cZ'.  Abdomen  with  3rd  and  4th  segments 
covered  with  golden  pubescence. 
a?.  Scutellum  with  a  tooth  on  each  side 

posteriorly    M.  nurifex,  p.  34. 

b^.  Scutellum  not  dentate   M.  perdegans,  ^.  Al. 


10  MUTlLLIDiE. 


0.  Thorax  partly  blaclc,  partly  red. 

a.  Thorax  anteriorly  red,  posteriorly  black. 
a'.  IBaaal  abdominal  segment  not  petiolate. 

a".  Abdomen  with  white  pubescence. 
a".  Third  and  fourth  segments  with  a 
spot  of  white    pubescence  on 

either  side    M.  miranda,  p.  /)0. 

l^.  Third  and  fourth  segments  without 

any  such  spots,  plain  blaclc   M.  pruvida,  p.  50. 

6^  Abdomen  with  golden  pubescence   .  .    M.  nobilis,  p.  24. 
b'.  Basal  abdominal  segment  much  narrowed 

and  petiolate   M.  sejiujoidea,  p.  60. 

b.  Thorax  anteriorly  black,  posteriorly  red   . .    M.  rufodorsata,  p.  51. 
D.  Thorax  metallic  blue    M.  yei-buryi,  p.  51. 

2.  Mutilla  maximinse,  Magr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2»)  xii,  1892, 

p.  218,?. 

$  .  Head  in  front  and  the  vertex  coarsely  and  deeply  punctured ; 
thorax  narrow,  subquadrangular,  lightly  convex,  slightly  constricted 
in  the  middle  on  the  disc,  densely  and  minutely  longitudinally 
striate,  very  slightly  reticulate,  the  margins  undulate,  in  some 
places  slightly  toothed,  the  lateral  angles  above  somewhat  dentate ; 
the  plate  of 'the  scutellum  absent;  pleurae  smooth  and  shinuig; 
the  carina  on  the  basal  ventral  segment  absent ;  the  2ud  segment 
of  the  abdomen  above  densely  pubescent,  the  base  of  the  anal  seg- 
ment rugosely  punctate.  Black,  the  thorax,  the  coxse,  and  basal 
half  of  the  femora  rufo-ferruginous ;  an  oval  semilunar  spot  of 
yellowish  pile  on  the  posterior  margin  of  the  1st  abdominal  seg- 
ment, two  small  spots  of  the  same  near  the  anterior  margin  of 
the  2nd  segment,  and  a  broadly-arched  fascia  on  its  posterior 
margin ;  short  linear  yellowish  maculae  also  on  the  posterior 
margins  of  the  3rd,  4th,  and  5th  segments ;  the  anal  segment  with 
long  sparse  grey,  and  the  2nd  segment  above  with  dense  black 
pubescence. 

Hah.  Karen  Hills,  Burma.     ?  .  Length  8  mm. 

3.  Mutilla  pulchrinella,  Magr.  Aim.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xii,  1892, 

p.  212,$. 

9  Head  nearly  as  wide  as  the  thorax,  in  front  rugose,  above 
longitudinally  punctate  ;  thorax  in  front  and  in  the  middle  coarsely 
rugose,  posteriorly  punctured,  the  punctures  running  into  wide 
reticulations;  the  plate  of  the  scutellum  short,  broad,  shghtly 
elevated  ;  the  lateral  margins  of  the  thorax  nearly  entire,  barely 
sinuate ;  the  1st  abdominal  segment  shining,  sparsely  punctured, 
no  carina  on  its  ventral  side,  the  2nd  segment  broadly  smooth 
and  shiuing  at  base,  above  lightly  punctured  with  sparse  pubes- 
cence; the  whole  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  covered  sparingly 
with  long  grey  pubescence.  Black,  the  thorax,  the  legs  (the 
tibisB  and  tarsi  excepted),  the  mandibles  except  at  their  apex,  the 
scape  of  the  antenna),  and  the  anal  segment  of  the  abdomen  rufo- 
ferruginous  ;  two  small,  round,  widely  separated  spots  on  the  2nd 


MUTILLA. 


11 


seffment  of  the  abdomen,  a  narrow  band  on  its  apical  margin,  and 
a  wider  one  on  the  apical  margin  of  the  3rd  segment,  ot  golden- 
yellow  pUe. 

Hah.  Karen  Hills,  Burma.     ?  .  Length  5  mm. 

4.  Miitilla  ninnii,  Magr.  Ann.  3Ius.  Civ.  Gen.  (2»)  xii,  1892,  p.  211,  ? . 

$  .  Head  with  coarse  longitudinal  deep  striae ;  thorax  rectangular 
the  s"ides  excavated,  the  dorsum  convex,  the  whole  densely  and 
minutely  reticulate ;  the  scutellum  without  a  lamina  ;  the  posterior 
margin  of  the  thorax  slightly  emarginate,  and  with  shghtly  prominent 
papilliB ;  the  1st  segment  of  the  abdomen  obsoletely  longitudinal  y 
carinate  ;  head  and  legs  with  a  sparse  silvery  pubescence.  Black, 
the  thorax,  the  scape  of  the  antennas,  and  the  anal  segmeni;  ruto- 
ferruginous ;  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  with  two  oval  distinct 
macuhs  above,  its  posterior  margin  with  a  broad  fascia,  the  3rd  and 
anal  segments  with  yellowish  silky  pile ;  the  antennte  and  the  legs, 
more  especially  of  the  latter,  the  femora,  and  tarsi  rufo-ferruginous. 

Hab,  Kareu  HiUs,  Burma.     5  .  Length  6  mm. 

5.  Mutilla  feSB,  Mayr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2'')  xii,  1892,  p.  210,  $. 
5  .  Closely  allied  to  M.  climidiata,  Fabr.,  but  distinguished  by 

the  more  minute  sculpturing  of  the  thorax,  by  the  1st  ventral 
segment  of  the  abdomen  being  distinctly  carinated,  and  by  the 
position  of  the  spots  of  yellow  pile  on  the  2nd,  and  of  the  fasciae 
on  the  apical  margins  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  abdominal  segments  ;  of 
these  fasciffl  the  1st  is  narrow  and  widely  interrupted  in  the  middle, 
and  the  2nd  is  broad  and  less  widely  interrupted. 
Bab.  Bhamo,  Upper  Burma.     $  .  Length  11  mm. 

6.  Mutilla  lilliputiana,  AndH,  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  viii,  1893, 

pp.  465,  476,  ? . 

5  .  Closely  resembling  M.  agnata,  Andre,  but  very  much  smaller : 
head  minutely  punctured;  thorax  short,  very  broad,  nearly  square, 
slightly  wider  in  front  than  posteriorly,  a  narrow  transverse  collar 
between  it  and  the  head.  Head  and  abdomen  black,  thorax  red, 
scape  and  basal  two  joints  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae  and  the 
legs  testaceous  red ;  two  large  contiguous  spots  on  the  vertex  of 
the  head,  two  others  near  the  base  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment, 
the  posterior  margin  of  the  latter  broadly,  and  the  3rd  segment 
above  covered  with  golden  ferruginous  pubescence,  the  rest  of  the 
abdomen  with  black  pubescence. 

Hah.  Colaba,  Bombay.     $  .  Length  3  mm. 

7.  Mutilla  tridungulata,  Magr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xii,  1892, 

p.  269,  5,  2. 

§  .  Head  wider  than  the  thorax,  coarsely  longitudinally  rugose ; 
thorax  elongate,  constricted  in  the  middle,  posteriorly  emarginate 
and  armed  with  two  stout  teeth  ;  the  plate  of  the  scutellum  short 


12 


MUTILLID^. 


and  o£  the  usual  width,  with  two  other  lamina)  placed  triangularly 
above  and  somewhat  prominent;  the  posterior  portion  of  the 
thorax  with  longitudinal  rugose  folds  furnished  with  prominent 
papillae  placed  in  lines ;  the  1st  abdominal  segment  above  with 
coarse  oval  punctures,  beneath  with  a  carina  emarginate  in  the 
middle  and  bent  downwards.  Black,  the  thorax,  the  mandibles  in 
the  middle,  and  the  apex  of  the  abdomen  rufo-ferruginous  ;  the 
2nd  abdominal  segment  above  with  two  oval  yellowish  spots  of 
silky  pile,  the  3rd  and  4th  segments  with  a  fascia  of  the  same 
coloured  pile,  which  in  some  varieties  is  interrupted  medially. 
The  anal  segment  has  on  both  sides  long,  and  the  legs  short  and 
sparse,  yellowish  pile. 

iTaS."  Palon,  Burma;   Karen  Hills  at  low  elevations.  ?. 
Length  9  mm. 

8.  Mutilla  sorer,  Sauss.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1867,  p.  364,  pi.  8,  fig.  3 ; 

Rad.  ^  tiich.  Hor.  Soc.  Ent.  Ross,  vi,  1869,  p.  306. 

$  .  Head  punctured,  thorax  more  coarsely  punctured  and  reticu- 
late, abdomen  densely  pubescent ;  thorax  from  above  square.  Head 
and  abdomen  black,"  thorax  red,  the  antennae  and  legs  black,  the 
scape  of  the  former  and  the  coxae  of  the  legs  reddish,  the  pubescence 
on  the  legs  golden,  on  the  abdomen  black,  with  two  large  maculae 
on  the  2nd  segment,  the  3rd  and  4th  segments  above  clothed  with 
golden  pubescence. 

Hah.  Ceylon.     $  .  Length  8  mm. 

9.  Mutilla  pulchriceps.  Cam.  Mon.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892, 

pp.  121,  130,  pi.  iv,  fig.  17. 

5  .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembhng  M.  soror,  Sauss. ;  differs  in 
having  the  head  covered  densely  with  golden  pile,  and  the  sides  of 
the  thorax  being  irregularly  concave,  not  straight. 

Bab.  Poena  {Wrotighton).     $  .  Length  8  mm. 

1 0   Mutilla  pectino-spinata,  Maffr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xii,1892, 
p..  212,  5. 

5  .  The  scape  of  the  antennae  strongly  cm-ved,  nearly  half  the 
length  of  the  flagellum ;  head  coarsely  longitudinally  channelled ; 
thorax  narrow,  subrectangular,  scarcely  constricted  in  the  middle, 
the  sides  irregularly  emarginate,  and  spinose,  posteriorly  abruptly 
truncate,  the  upper  margin  with  ten  spinose  papillae,  two  long  ones 
in  the  middle  subarcuate,  and  four  smaller  ones  on  each  side ;  the 
dorsal  portion  of  the  thorax  longitudinally  reticulate,  the  pleurae 
smooth  and  shining,  the  posterior  face  of  the  metanotum  coarsely 
reticulate  towards  the  apex,  with  minute  black  strias  and  ovate 
spots  •  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  with  black  pubescence,  densely 
rugosely  punctate  ;  the  1st  ventral  segment  with  a  Hnear  carina 
very  prominent.  Black,  with  greyish -yellow  pubescence;  the 
thorax,  the  intermediate  femora,  and  the  anal  segment  _ot  the 
abdomen  rufo-ferruginous ;  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  with  two 


MUTILLA. 


13 


larc^o  oval  macule,  the  3rd  and  5th  segments  with  obsolete  (pro- 
bablv  due  to  attrition)  fascife  of  greyish-yellow  pile. 
liah.  Eangoon,  Burma.     ?  .  Lencjth  13  mm. 

11  Mutilla  niveosignata,  Andr6,  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  viii,  1893, 
pp.  465,  480,  5 . 

P  Head  thorax,  and  abdomen  coarsely  and  closely  punctured 
and  studded'with  erect  hairs ;  head  orbicular,  strongly  convex  in 
front ;  thorax  from  above  rectangular,  truncate  in  front  and  pos- 
teriorly, the  sides  crenulate  along  the  upper  margin,  smooth  below, 
with  the  metapleurffi  coarsely  punctured,  the  truncation  at  apex 
smooth  Black,  the  pubescence  black,  the  thorax  above  red,  a  narrow 
marein  anteriorly  black  ;  abdomen  with  dense  black  pubescence,  the 
basal  segment  nearly  bare,  ciliated  on  its  posterior  margin  with 
yellow  hairs,  2nd  and  3rd  segments  with  two  oval  spots  covered 
with  snow-white  puhescence. 

Hah.  Poena  ;  Orissa.     $  .  Lencjth  10  mm. 

19  MutiUa  dimidiata,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  628,  cJ;  Had.  Sr  Sich. 
Hor.  Soc.  JEnt.  Eoss.  vi,  1869,  p.  285, 

0  Head  about  as  wide  as  the  thorax,  striate  in  front,  the  striae 
runnincr  into  tine  reticulations;  thorax  punctured,  coarsely  so 
nosteriorlv  •  from  above  rectangular,  the  sides  slightly  emargmate ; 
[he  abdomen  pubescent,  the  base  of  the  4th,  5th  and  6th  segments 
finely  punctured.  Black,  the  thorax  red,  the  femora  of  the  legs 
beneath  rufescent ;  abdomen  with  a  round  pubescent  spot  on  each 
side  at  base  of  the  2nd  segment,  a  broad  medially  interrupted 
fascia  on  the  3rd,  a  squarish  spot  on  each  side  of  the  4th,  and  a 
frincre  on  each  side  of  the  6th,  of  silvery  hairs. 

J  Head  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  pubescent,  punctured 
coarsely  on  the  thorax,  on  the  head  the  punctures  are  finer, 
and  on  the  abdomen  more  sparsely  scattered;  the  mesonotum 
with  four  longitudinal  carinaj ;  median  segment  reticulate  under 
the  pubescence,  somewhat  truncate  posteriorly,  with  a  medial 
irreeularly  V-shaped  carina  and  a  short  outwardly  divergent 
carina  on  either  side  at  base.  Black,  the  pubescence  silvery 
white  on  the  head  and  thorax,  red  on  the  red  portions  of  the 
abdomen ;  the  abdomen  red,  with  the  basal  and  apical  segments 
black  •  -wings  dark  fuscous,  with  a  purple  effulgence. 

Hab.  Bengal;  North-West Provinces ;  Bombay;  Madras ;  Burma ; 
Tenasserim  T  Ceylon ;  extending  to  the  east  as  far  as  Luzon  and 
Timor.    ?  .  Length  12-15  mm.     6  .  Length  18-20  ;  exjJ.  38-43. 

13  Mutilla  vicinissima,  Gribodo,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  i,  1884, 
p.  .364,  28,  2  . 

9  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  punctured,  the  punctures  very 
coarse  and  deep  on  the  head  and  thorax,  more  shallow  on  the 
abdomen,  on  the  thorax  in  certain  lights  they  seem  to  run  into 


14  MUTILLID^E. 


reticulations ;  head  orbicular,  slightly  wider  than  the  tliorax,  the 
eyes  subspheroidal,  small ;  thorax  I'roni  above  broadly  rectangular, 
the  anterior  and  posterior  margins  rounded;  the  apex  steeply 
sloped.  Head  and  abdomen  black;  thorax  dark  red;  the  apical 
joint  of  the  flagellnm  of  the  antennae  testaceous  ;  the  whole  head, 
"thorax,  and  abdomen  covered  with  short  erect  black  hairs,  the 
abdomen  also  with  recumbent  stiff  black  pubescence  :  a  round  spot 
on  each  side  of  the  2nd  segment  above,  a  broad  elongate  spot  on 
each  side  on  the  apical  margin  of  the  3rd,  with  some  indistinct 
smaller  markings  on  the  sides  of  the  other  segments  covered  with 
white  pubescence. 

Huh.  Minhla,  Upper  Burma.     ?  .  Lencjili  9  mm. 

14.  Mutilla  ruficrus,  Bad.  MS.,  Magr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2»)  xii, 

1892,  p.  205. 

5 .  Very  closely  resembling  M.  suhintrans,  Ead. ;  differs  in 
being  smaller,  the  head  and  thorax  being  more  lightly  punctm-ed, 
the  abdomen  less  pubescent,  and  the  ventral  carina  on  it  less 
distinct. 

Hob.  Bhamo,  Upper  Burma ;  Karen  Hills.    ?  .  Length  5-7  mm. 

15.  Mutilla  intermpta,  Oliv.  JEncycl.  MSth.  viii,  p.  62. 
Mutilla  reprsesentans,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  35,  $ . 

2  .  Head  not  so  wide  a,s  the  thorax,  closely  and  not  very 
coarsely  punctured,  the  scape  of  the  antenna?  and  the  clypeus 
pubescent,  eyes  ovate  ;  thorax  rectangular,  coarsely  punctured, 
the  sides  excavate  and  smooth,  posteriorly  vertically  truncate,  the 
punctures  on  the  posterior  face  running  into  vertical  striffi  ;  abdo- 
men pubescent  above,  beneath  smooth  with  the  margins  of  the 
segments  finely  punctured.  Black,  the  base  and  apex  of  the 
antenna-,  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  and  the  thorax  red;  legs  and 
abdomen  beneath  rufo-f uscous ;  two  round  spots  on  the  2nd 
abdominal  segment  above,  and  lateral  oblong  spots  on  the  3rd  and 
4th  segments  covered  with  silky  silvery  pile,  the  apical  segment 
fringed  laterally  with  silvery  hairs. 

cJ  .  Head  and  thorax  coarsely  punctured  and  sparsely  pubescent, 
the  clypeus  and  cheeks  more  densely  so ;  mesonotum  with  three 
parallel  longitudinal  carinas  ;  the  median  segment  long,  narrowed 
posteriorly  and  coarsely  reticulate,  from  the  base  three  central 
parallel  longitudinal  carinse  run  to  half  the  length  of  the  segment, 
the  two  outer  ones  meeting  in  a  rounded  loop  beyond  the  apex 
of  the  central  carina ;  abdomen  smooth  and  shming,  subpetiolate. 
Black  the  pubescence  on  the  head  and  thorax  silvery,  tlie  basal 
four  segments  of  the  abdomen  red ;  wings  clear  hyaline  at  base, 
light  fuscous,  with  a  purplish  effulgence  beyond  the  basal  nervure 
of  the  fore  wing  and  beyond  the  anal  cell  in  the  hmd  wing. 

ffab  North-West  Provinces  ;  Bengal :  Madras  ;  Burma :  Tenas- 
serim,  extending  to  China.  ?.  Length  10-11  mm.  d .  Le7ujth 
15-17  ;  exp.  28-33  mm. 


MTJTILLA. 


16.  MutiUa  subintrans,  Rad.  Sf  Sich.  Ilor.  Soc  Ent  Rm,  A  1869, 

p.  228,  2  ;  Magr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xii,  1892,  p.  JOd. 

2  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  M.  inien-upia,  Oliv.,  but 
of  stouter  build  and  more  coarsely  punctured  on  the  thorax  ;  head 
wider  than  the  thorax,  collar  transversely  striate ;  thorax  trom 
above  rectangular,  the  sides  emargiuate,  vertically  truncate  pos- 
teriorlv,  punctured,  the  punctures  not  running  into  strife ;  abdomen 
pubescent  above,  beneath  the  basal  segment  with  a  prominent 
loncritudinal  carina,  the  apical  margins  of  the  segments  coarsely 
punctured.    Coloration  precisely  similar  to  that  of  M.  mterrupta. 

Hah.  Ceylon  ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim.     $  .  Lencjili  12  mm. 

17.  Mutilla  colal)ensis,  AndrS,  Jow:  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  viii,  1893, 

pp.  466,  475,  2  . 

9  Head  and  thorax  somewhat  coarsely  punctured  and  covered 
with  erect  hairs;  abdomen  densely  pubescent;  head  from  above 
sli<^htly  rectangular,  not  strongly  convex  in  front,  broader  than  the 
thSrax  the  latter  from  above  rectangular,  the  sides  parallel,  the 
angles'somewhat  rounded.  Head  and  abdomen  black ;  the  thorax 
above  red.  below  and  the  sides  with  a  narrow  margin  all  round 
above  black ;  the  pubescence  on  the  abdomen  jet-black  ;  a  round  spot 
on  the  front  of  the  head,  an  oval  spot  on  each  side  close  to  the 
base  of  the  2nd,  and  another  on  each  side  close  to  the  base  ot  the 
3rd  abdominal  segment,  covered  with  snow-white  pubescence. 

Hab.  Colaba,  Bombay.     $  .  Length  6  mm. 

18  Mutilla  ceylanensis,  Ead.  ^  Sich.  Hor.  Soc  Ent.  Ross,  vi,  1869, 
p.247,  ?. 

Q  Head  coarsely  punctured,  thorax  striate-punctate,  abdomen 
pubescent;  eyes  large,  round;  thorax  squarish  with  the  angles 
rounded ;  abdomen  subsessile.  Head  and  abdomen  black  ;  thorax 
red-  abdomen  with  black  pubescence,  two  round  spots  in  the 
middle  of  the  2nd,  3rd,  and  4th  segments  of  white  pubescence, 
the  sides  of  the  segments  and  the  apical  segment  ciliated  with 
white  hairs ;  legs  red,  with  scattered  white  hairs. 

Hah.  Ceylon.     ?  .  Lencith  9  mm. 

Unknown  to  me,  but  from  the  description  I  should  say  very 
close  to  M.  sexmaculata,  Swed.,  if  not  identical  with  it. 

19.  Mutilla  aulica*,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  37,  $. 

5.  Head  and  thorax  closely  and  coarsely,  abdomen  finely 


*  The  following  species  described  by  Olivier  (Encycl.  M6th.  viii,  p.  61,  $) 
from  "  Les  Indes  Orientales  "  has  not,  so  far  as  I  know,  been  procured  of  late 

years  by  any  collector :— -  ,  •       ,  i     ■  •      ■  i. 

"M  rugosa.  J.  Hirta,  nigra ;  thorace  yiostice,  abdominis  prirao  segmento 
Kpoimdoaue  basi,  rufo-aureo-pilosis,  secundi  apice,  tertio,  quarto,  quintoque 
nlgHs  albo-tripunctatis-'-Rid.  &  Sich.  Hor.  Soc.  Ent.  Boss,  vi  1869,  p.  259. 
RadozkovBky  and  Sichel  also  regard  M.  hengalensis,  Lepel,,  as  probably  a  variety 
of  tbe  above. 


16  mutillidjE. 


punctured  and  pubescent ;  the  pubescence  short,  thick,  velvety,  witli 
a  mixture  of  long  black  hairs ;  thorax  above  slightly  convex,  rect- 
angular, the  sides  excavated,  smooth  ;  the  median  segment  pos- 
teriorly truncate ;  the  pronotum  anteriorly  rounded,  narrowed  into 
a  collar  towards  the  head.  Black,  the  thorax  above  obscurely  dark 
red,  a  circular  spot  on  the  vertex  of  the  head,  an  oblong  patch  on 
the  sides  of  the  thorax,  and  a  sublateral  spot  on  each  side  of  the 
2nd,  3rd,  and  4th  segments  of  the  abdomen,  of  white  pubescence. 

Var.  The  spot  on  the  vertex  obsolete  or  absent ;  thorax  some- 
times black. 

Hah.  Northern  India ;  Ceylon.     $  .  Lenc/th  6-8  mm.    Type  in 
British  Museum. 

20.  Mutilla  hexaops,  Sauss.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1867,  p.  356,  pi.  8, 

fig.  6. 

■     5  .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  M.  sexmaculata,  Swed.,  but 
constantly  smaller  ;  the  antennse  ferruginous  ;  the  thorax  red  not 
black,  the  2ud,  3rd,  and  4th  segments  with  a  round  spot  on  each 
side  covered  with  white  pubescence. 
Hah.  Ceylon.     $  .  Lencjth  7  mm. 

21.  Mutilla  valida.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 

2  Head  thorax,  and  abdomen  evenly,  rather  closely  and  coarsely 
punctured,  densely  pubescent;  thorax  suboval,  the  lateral  margins 
lightly  crenulate,  the  sides  slightly  excavated,  smooth  with  two 
fine  oblique  carina;;  median  segment  posteriorly  slightly  but 
distinctly  emarginate.  Black,  the  mesonotum,  scutellum,  post- 
scutellum,  and  median  segment  above  red,  this  colour  extending 
halfway  down  the  posterior  face,  but  not  on  the  sides  of  the 
median  segment ;  pubescence  fuscous,  with  some  white  hau:s  on 
the  legs  and  pectus  ;  a  spot  behind  the  eyes,  a  patch  on  the  meso- 
pleurl,  and  large  circular  sublateral  spots  on  the  2nd  and  3rd 
segments  of  the  abdomen,  white  ;  the  middle  of  the  apical  margms 
of  "segments  1-3  above  with  fusco-fulvous  pubescence.  _ 

Hah.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.  ?  .  Length  7  mm.  Type  m  coll. 
Eothney. 

*22.  Mutilla  wroughtoni,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892, 
pp.  ]23, 127,  pi.  iv,  fig.  15,  5- 
«  Black,  the  thorax  above  rufous,  the  base  of  the  2nd  abdominal 
segment  with  two  oval  white  marks.  Antennee  stout ;  he  3rd 
joS?  about  one-half  longer  than  the  4th.  Head  bmader  than  the 
thorax  coarsely  rugosely  punctured  ;  eyes  moderate,  oblong,  the 
lead  well  developed'  behind  them.  Thorax  more  ---Iv  n^o 
than  the  head,  the  pleurae  aW^^-en^ly '"^P^f^^^^  ^  JJe 

thorax  above  rough,  becoming  f;^^^^>^-'^"(/^t  'Vbdl\n  1 
finex  of  the  median  segment  oblique,  black.    Abdomen  snoirer 
Zi:L  tj:L  thorax  united,  t'-  ^absessile  pyg:  .uni  ap^^^^^ 
rently  punctured,  covered  with  long  hairs.     The  uppei  suitace 


MUTILLA.. 


17 


of  the  insect  has  the  hair  black  ;  the  ventral  longer  and  whitish. 
Legs  covered  with  white  hairs. 

"  Lenrith  8i  mm." 

Hab.  Poona  (  Wroughton). 

23.  Mutilla  puUa,  AndrS,  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  viii,  1893,  pp.  464, 
473,  S . 

2 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  very  finely  and  closely  punc- 
tured, on  the  front  running  into  longitudinal  striae  ;  head  wider 
than  the  thorax;  thorax  rounded  in  front  and  at  apex,  and 
rounded  oonvexly  from  front  to  apex ;  the  antenna}  long  and  pro- 
portionately very  thick.  Head  and  abdomen  black,  the  scape  and 
basal  joint  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae,  the  thorax,  and  legs 
red :  an  oval  medi-il  spot  near  the  base,  and  a  broad  lunate  one, 
on  the  apical  margin  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment,  covered  with 
pale  golden  pubescence. 

Huh.  Canara,  Bombay  Presidency.     ?  .  Lencjtli  5  mm. 


24.  Mutilla  blanda,  Sviith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  32,  $ . 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  closely  and  coarsely,  and  the  abdomen 
finely  punctured  and  pubescent :  thorax  from  above  nearly  oval, 
anteriorly  and  posteriorly  broadly  rounded;  the  sides  excavated 
and  smooth,  the  lateral  margins  above  crenulate  ;  abdomen  bruad, 
short,  about  as  long  as  the  bead  and  thorax  together,  the  apical 
segment  finely  longitudinally  striate  on  the  sides.  Black,  the 
thorax  above  and  on  the  sides  red,  the  pubescence  white,  thin, 
and  scattered  :  two  median  spots,  one  at  the  base  and  one  on  the 
posterior  margin  of  the  2nd  segment,  and  the  whole  of  the  3rd 
segment  above,  covered  with  glittering  silvery  pubescence. 

Hnh.  India ;  Ceylon.  $  .  Length  7  mm.  Type  in  the  British 
Museum. 

*25.  Mutilla  constancese.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  PJ>.  Soc.  (4)  v,1892, 
pp.  118, 134,  pi.  i,  iig.  10,  2  . 
"  2-  Black,  the  thorax  pale  ferruginons  above,  an  irregular 
mark  on  the  base  and  apex  of  the  second  segment  and  the  third 
segment  white.  Antennae  with  the  third  joint  about  one  quarter 
longer  than  the  fourth  ;  the  first  at  apex,  the  second  and  the 
terminal  beneath  more  or  less  piceous.  Head  not  much  wider 
than  the  thorax,  coarsely  punctured,  densely  covered  with  silvery 
hair,;  the  antennal  tubercles  piceous,  aciculate.  Eyes  oval,  mode- 
rate, reaching  quite  close  to  the  top  of  the  head.  Thorax  quadrate, 
rounded  at  base  and  apex,  the  sides  rough,  slightly  concave; 
above  coarsely  longitudinally  punctured ;  the  pleura?  impunctate, 
densely  covered  with  white  hairs.  Abdomen  as  long  as  the  head 
and  thorax  united,  subsessile,  dilated  at  the  base  of  second  segment, 
becoming  gradually  narrowed  to  the  apex,  coarsely  punctured,  in 

A'OL.  I. 


13 


MUTILLIDjB. 


the  middle  bearing  rufous  hairs,  tiie  sides  with  silvery  liair; 
pygidiuni  rut'ous,  longitudinally    striate,  the  ventral  segments 
fringed  with  long  silvery  hairs.    Legs  covered  with  long  silvery 
hairs  ;  the  tibial  spines  testaceous  ;  the  spurs  white." 
IJab.  Pooiia.     $  .  Length  a  little  over  6  mm, 

26.  Mutilla  pondicherensis,  li<td.  ^-  Sich.  Ilor.  Soc.  Ent.  Moss,  vi, 
1869,  p.  204,  2  . 

$.  Head  and  thorax  punctured,  rugose;  abdomen  pubescent;  the 
head  moderately  wide,  covered  with  scattered  pubescence  ;  antennae 
slightly  thickened  in  the  middle  ;  thorax  from  above  squarish, 
I'ugose,  truncate  posteriorly ;  the  truncation  rugulose,  the  sides 
covered  with  a  decumbent  pubescence  ;  1st  segment  of  the  abdomen 
carinated  ;  the  pygidium  flat  and  longitudinally  striate.  Black,  the 
thorax  red,  the  pubescence  on  the  head  and  thorax  silvery,  on  the 
abdomen  black  ;  the  apical  margin  of  the  1st,  two  medial  spots,  one 
above  the  other,  on  the  2nd  segment,  and  the  3rd  segment  above 
covered  with  silvery  pubescence  ;  legs  black  with  scattered  silvery 
hairs. 

Huh.  Pondichery.     $  .  Length  11  mm. 

27.  Mutilla  rufitarsis.  Smith,  New  Sp.  Ilym.  B.  M.  p.  199. 

?  Mutilla  taprobanffi,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Fh.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892, 
p.  125. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  finely,  regularly,  and  very  closely  punc- 
tured ;  abdomen  densely  pubescent ;  head  orbicular,  narrower 
than  the  thorax  ;  thorax  rectangular,  broad,  anteriorly  and  pos- 
teriorly roundly  truncate ;  abdomen  short,  wide,  bi'oadly  oval, 
punctured  under  the  pubescence;  the  pygidium  finely  longitudi- 
nally striate.  Head,  legs,  and  abdomen  black,  vvil  h  black  pubescence; 
thorax  red ;  a  large  round  spot  in  the  middle  of  the  2nd  abdominal 
segiuent  close  to  the  base,  another  smaller  on  the  middle  of  the 
apical  margin,  with  the  narrow  apical  margin  itself,  and  the  whole 
of  the  3rd  segment  above  covered  with  silvery  white  pubescence. 

Bab.  India  (Smith).     $  .  Length  11  mm. 

I'rom  the  description  it  seems  to  me  that  M.  tap'ohanoe,  Cam.,  is 
only  a  variety  of  this  species. 

28.  Mutilla  durga. 

Mutilla  dives,  Cam.  (nee  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  32)  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph. 
Soc.  xli  (1897). 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  coarsely,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely 
punctured ;  head  small,  not  so  wide  as  the  thorax ;  eyes  large, 
oval  ;  thorax  from  above  nearly  rectangular,  anteriorly  and  pos- 
teriorly almost  transverse,  the  sides  deeply  excavated,  coarsely 
reticulate  ;  abdomen  densely  ])ubescent.  Black,  the  thorax  in  the 
middle  red,  leaving  a  narrow  black  margin  all  round  ;  a  circular 
median  spot  at  the  base  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment,  another 
close  to  the  apical  margin,  and  the  entire  3rd  segment  above 


MUTILLA. 


19 


covered  with  silveiy  white  pubescence,  the  sides  and  ventral 
segments  fringed  with  white  hairs. 

Ilab.  Barraekpore,  Bengal.  ?  .  Length  8  mm.  Type  in  coll. 
Rothney. 

Mutilla  suhglabra,  Andre,  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  II.  Soc.  viii,  1893, 
pp.  464,  472,  ?. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  basal  two  abdominal  segments  minutely 
and  closely  punctured,  and  covered  with  short  erect  hairs ;  head 
orbicular ;  antennas  long  and  massive,  but  less  so  than  in  M.  pullu ; 
thorax  from  above  narrowly  rectangular,  the  front  and  apex 
steeper,  and  not  so  rounded  as  in  M.  pulla.  Head  and  abdomen 
black  ;  thorax  red :  antenusb  black,  with  the  scape  and  basal  joint 
of  the  flageilum  red  ;  legs  brown,  tarsi  testaceous :  a  medial  oval 
spot  near  the  base,  and  a  large  round  spot  at  the  apex  of  the  2nd 
abdominal  segment  covered  with  silvery  pubescence. 

Eab.  Canara,  Bombay  Presidency.     5  .  Le^igth  4  mm. 

30.  Mutilla  conjungeiida,  Magi:  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xii,  1892, 
p.  214,  $d. 

2  .  Head  coarsely  and  deeply  punctured  and  rugose,  about  the 
width  of  the  thorax  ;  thorax  short,  posteriorly  rounded,  anteriorly 
and  in  the  middle  minutely  reticulate,  posteriorly  more  coarsely 
reticula,te  with  the  papillae  distinct ;  the  plate  of  the  scutellum 
small,  scarcely  projecting;  the  pleuras  smooth  and  opaque,  pilose  ; 
the  1st  abdominal  segment  above  pilose,  carrying  beneath  a  distinct 
emarginate  carina ;  the  2nd  segment  densely  pubescent  above, 
beneath  shining  and  sparsely  punctured.  Black,  the  basal  half  of 
the  mandibles,  the  base  of  the  antennae,  and  the  thorax  rufo- 
ferruginous  ;  a  fimbria  of  silky  yellow  pubescence  on  the  posterior 
margins  of  the  1st  and  anal  segments  above  and  on  the  posterior 
margins  of  all  the  ventral  segments,  a  spot  on  the  middle  above  of 
the  2nd  segment,  a  transverse  band  on  its  posterior  margin,  and 
the  whole  of  the  3rd  segment  covered  with  the  same  pubescence  ; 
the  transverse  band  on  the  margin  of  the  2nd  segment  is  produced 
anteriorly  into  a  triangular  point  in  the  middle  ;  the  1st  segment 
at  base  above  covered  with  griseous,  the  2nd  with  black  pubescence. 

S.  Head  strongly  punctured  and  rugose,  slightly  shining; 
eyes  ovate,  lightly  emarginate,  the  ocellar  area  rais(  d  and  bearing 
a  carina  down  the  middle  ;  the  mandibles  flat,  branched,  strongly 
dilated,  tridentate;  pro-  and  mesouotum  minutely  punctin*ed, 
metanotum  with  broad  reticulations,  the  median  portion  obso- 
letely  lanceolate ;  pro-  and  mesopleurje  punctured,  metapleura? 
smooth  and  shining ;  the  1st  ventral  segment  carinated,  the 
carina  distinct,  linear  and  lightly  emarginate  in  the  middle. 
Black,  thorax  rufo-ferruginous,  the  pectus  black ;  wings  light 
fuscous  with  a  violet  effulgence,  the  base  hyaline ;  the  tegulas 
black;  the  1st  abdominal  segment  with  a  marginal  limbria,  the 

o2 


20  MTJTILLID^. 


2nd  with  a  transverse  band  on  its  apical  margin,  the  3rd  and 
anal  segments  covered  with  yellow  pubescence;  the  1st  and  2ad 
abdominal  segments  punctured  above  and  below. 

Hab.  Upper  Burma.     ?  .  Length  7  mm.    d  •  Lenfjth  9 ;  exp. 
18  mm. 

31.  Mutilla  kirbyi,  Maqr.  Ann.   Mus.   Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xil,  1892, 
p.  216,  ?. 

5    Head  and  anterior  two-thirds  of  the  thorax  very  coarsely 
rngos'e  reticulate,  posterior   portion  punctured,  the  punctures 
running  into  longitudinal  papillose  stria? ;  the  plate  of  the  scutellum 
xvide,  prominent,  the  lateral  angles  set  with  distinct  papilla  ;  the 
pleurte  smooth,  opaque;   hasal  abdoraiual  segment  aciculately 
punctured  above,  beneath  the  ventral  carina  distinctly  dentate; 
2nd  segment  above  densely  pubescent,  beneath  somewhat  coarsely 
and  strongly  punctured,  the  remaining  segments  above  with  long 
•pubescence,'  beneath  shining,  minutely  transversely  stnolate ;  the 
lateral  angles  and  apical  margins  moderately  punctured ;  anal  seg- 
ment above  minutely  longitudinally  striate  ;  the  apex  emargmate. 
Black,  the  thorax,  the  anterior  and  intermediate  coxfe  and  femora 
almost  entirely,  and  the  basal  abdominal  segment  vndely  rufo- 
ferruginous  ;  the  base  and  apex  of  the  scape  and  the  flagellnm  of 
the  antenna?  beneath  nigro-ferrugiuous  :  abdomen  with  the  apical 
mnrgin  of  the  1st  segment,  a  median  pyriform  oval  spot  and  narrow 
transverse  band  on  the  apical  margin  of  the  2nd,  the  3rd  entirely, 
and  the  anal  segment  on  both  sides  covered  with  golden  fulvous 
pubescence;  the  pubescence  short  and  dense  on  the  3rd,  longer 
and  less  dense  on  the  anal  segment ;  the  2nd-5th  ventral  segments 
cUiated  on  their  posterior  margins  with  yellow  hairs ;  the  head 
and  thorax  above  covered  with  black ;  the  sternum  metathorax, 
basal  abdominal  segment,  and  legs  with  grey  pde;  the  palpi  and 
the  spines  of  the  tibia?  and  tarsi  testaceous  yellow. 
Var  The  basal  abdominal  segment  totally  black. 

Eah.  Karen  Hills,  Burma.     ?  .  LengiJi  12  mm. 

32  Mutilla  tenasserimica,  Magr.  Ann.  Mm.  Ck.  Gen.  (2")  xii,  1892, 
p.214,  ?. 

2  .  Head  densely  minutely  punctured  ;  tl»«^;^''™'^",'^t°n^'e 
posteriorly,  abruptly  truncate,  anteriorly  and  m  the  middle  above 
m°mS  reticulate:  posteriorly  the  reticulations  are  larger,  the 
r  of'^he  scutellum  obsolete  in  certain  cases,  the  papilla?  scarcely 
omiueS  the  plem.a?  shining  ;  the  1st  abdominal  -g-en^^b-e 
Luooth  and  shining,  its  posterior  margin  ^o';^^^  mm^^^^^^ 
nunctured-  the  ventral  carina  obsolete  or  barely  obseival?le  .  tse 
^Sdomen  d'ensely  set  with  silvery,  and  the  legs  vj.th  black  Pube- 
cence  Black,  the  thorax,  base  of  the  mandibles,  and  scape  oi 
Z  ln^lZ^t  bnse  and  apex  ferruginous  red  ;  ^1-^^^^^^^^ 
base  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment,  an  arched  tiansxerse  Dana 


MUTILLA. 


21 


its  posterior  margin,  the  3rd  segment  entirely,  and  the  posterior 
margin  of  the  4tli  segment  covered  with  silky  yellow  pile. 
Bab.  Teuasserim  {Meetan).     $  .  Le7igth  5  mm. 

*33.  Mtitilla  l)uddha,  Cam.  Mem.  Munch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892, 
pp.  117,  132. 

"  2    Black,  the  thorax  ferruginous  ;  aii  ovmI  spot  on  the  base 
of  second  segment  and  the  whole  of  the  third  pale  golden-fulvous. 
Head  narrower  than  thorax,  very  coarsely  punctured,  almost 
reticulated  ;  eyes  large,  oval,  antennal  tubercles  impunctate  ;  vertex 
not  much  raised  above  the  eyes,  roundly  convex  ;  the  clypeus 
frino-ed  with  long  fulvous,  the  rest  of  the  head  sparsely  with 
fuscous  hairs ;  mandibles  piceous  in  the  middle.    Scape  covered 
with  pale  fulvous  hairs  ;  the  flagellum  with  a  pale  down,  brownish 
beneath ;  the  third  joint  not  much  longer  than  the  fourth,  shorter 
than  the  fourth  and  fifth  united.    Thorax  coarsely  longitudinally 
reticulated ;  the  pleura}  entirely  impunctate,  becoming  gradually 
but  not  much  narrowed  from  extreme  base  to  apex;  the  edges 
rough,  but  without  any  distinct  tubercles  ;  apex  of  median  segment 
obliquely  sloped.     Abdomen  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax 
united ;  the  first  segment  dilated,  the  second  segment  longitudi- 
nally punctured;  the  others  with  their  apices  shinmg,  imptmctate, 
glabrous;  the  pygidium  coarsely  punctured;  the  extreme  apex 
finely  transversely  striate;  the  apical  ventral  segments  fringed 
with  long  fulvous  liairs.    Legs  :  the  femora  sparsely  covered  with 
longish  blackish  hairs,  the  tibia)  and  tarsi  thickly  with  pale  fulvo- 
golden  ;  the  calcaria  and  the  bristles  on  the  underside  of  the  tarsi 
rufous ;  the  four  tibial  spines  stout,  black. 

''Bab.  Poona  (Wroughton).     $  .  Length  11  mm." 

34.  Mutilla  coronata,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  369;  Sauss.  Novara 

Etise,  Hym.  p.  106,  $  . 

2 .  Head,  thorax,  and  2nd  abdominal  segment  coarsely  punc- 
tured; thorax  posteriorly  rounded,  sloped  transversely,  rugose 
and  granular,  armed  above  at  base  with  a  minute  erect  lamella; 
abdomen  densely  pubescent.  Head  and  abdomen  black  ;  thorax 
red,  with  cuiereous  pubescence  on  the  sides,  fuscous  above  ;  the 
basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  cihated  with  whitish  fulvous  hairs, 
2nd  segment  with  a  round  spot  close  to  the  base  covered  with 
white  pubescence,  the  margin  of  the  segment  sometimes  ciliated 
with  white  hairs,  3rd  segment  with  white  pubescence  beneath ; 
antenna  and  legs  black,  the  scape  of  the  former  rufescent. 

Bab.  Europe;  Ceylon  {Sauss.).     $  .  Length  lU  mm. 

35.  Mutilla  decora,  Smith,  Neiv  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  200  ;  Magr.  Ann. 

Mns.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xii,  1892,  p.  218. 
$  .  Head  and  thorax  sparsely  ^  abdomen  densely  pubescent ; 


22 


MCTILLIDiE, 


head  finely  and  closely,  thorax  less  finely  punctured  ;  eyes  nearly 
round  ;  thorax  squarish  in  front,  posteriorly  rounded,  with  a  steep 
slope;  1st  ventral  segment  strongly  longitudiually  carinate. 
Black,  the  antennas,  legs,  and  base  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment 
rufescent ;  the  thorax  red ;  a  round  spot  in  the  middle  above  on 
the  2nd  abdominal  segment,  a  transverse  baud,  widest  in  the 
middle  on  its  posterior  margin,  and  the  3rd  segment  above  covered 
with  silvery  white  pubescence. 

Hah.  Penang ;  Bhamo,  Upper  Burma ;  Eaugoon  district, 
Lower  Burma.    $  .  Lenciih  7-8  mm. 


36.  Mutilla  trimaculata,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892, 
pp.  122, 126. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured 
and  pubescent,  the  pubescence  consisting  of  thin  rather  longish 
erect  hairs  ;  the  thorax  from  above  long,  oval,  with  the  ends 
anteriorly  and  posteriorly  broad,  widely  rounded ;  beneath,  the  sides 
are  excavated  and  smooth.  Black,  the  thorax  and  legs  dark  red  ; 
the  apex  of  the  1st,  2nd,  and  4th  segments  of  the  abdomen  above 
with  a  spot  of  glistening  white  pubescence. 

Bab.  Pooua,  Western  India.  $  .  Length  5  mm.  Type  in  coll. 
Eothney. 


37.  Mutilla  argenteomaculata,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  199, 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  coarsely  cri- 
brate,  with  erect  sparsely  set  hairs ;  head  orbicular, 
not  so  wide  as  the  thorax  :  thorax  convex,  elongate, 
oval,  with  the  top  and  bottom  of  the  oval  truncate, 
transverse,  and  with  an  acute  tubercle  on  each 
side  at  middle;  1st  abdominal  segment  short, 
subpetiolate,  and  narrowed,  much  depressed  be- 
neath the  level  of  the  base  of  the  2ud  segment, 
which  is  nearly  vertical.  Head  and  abdomen 
black,  thorax  above  and  1st  abdominal  segment 
red,  sides  of  the  thorax  rufo-fuscous,  sometimes 
red ;  the  pubescence  black  ;  the  sides  oE  the 
thorax  with  a  little  golden  pubescence ;  legs  black ;  a  large  round 
macula  on  the  head,  three  medial  spots  down  the  abdomen  above 
(one  at  the  base  and  one  at  the  apex  of  the  2nd  segment,  aud  one 
at  the  apex  of  the  5th  segment),  and  a  spot  on  each  side  close  to 
the  posterior  margin  of  the  2nd  segment  covered  with  silvery 

white  pubescence.  ,     r^  i    i  j     •  i 

S  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  black,  the  2nd  abdominal 
segment  more  or  less  ferruginous  :  the  head,  the  median  segment, 
and  the  basal  abdominal  segment  M'ith  white  pubescence  ;  an 
ovate  spot  in  the  middle  of  the  apical  margin  of  the  2nd  segment, 


Fig.  3. 
Mutilla  argenteo- 
rmculata,  $.  t- 


MUT3LLA. 


23 


a  lateral  one  on  the  Srcl,  and  a  medial  one  on  Uio  5th  and  6th  of 
snow-white  pubescence  ;  wings  fuscous,  subhyaline  at  base. 

Hah.   Bombay:    Ahmedabad   {Miss  A.  Brook).      ?.  Lencjlh 
12-16  mm.    cf  •  Length  15  ;  exp.  29  mm. 

38.  Mutilla  kohli,  Mayr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2»)  xii,  1892,  p.  217,  $  • 
$.  Head  as   wide   as  the  thorax,  in   front  longitudinally 

punctured  and  rugose,  on  the  vertex  coarsely  furrowed ;  thorax 
suboval,  its  lateral  margins  distinctly  emarginate  and  toothed,  the 
pronotum  above  minutely  punctured,  mesonotum  coarsely  and 
deeply  longitudinally  reticulate  and  rugose  ;  plate  of  the  scutellum 
absent,  but  in  place  of  it  a  line  of  distinct  papillae  on  the  middle 
above  ;  metathorax  roundly  declivous,  coarsely  reticulate,  furnished 
on  the  posterior  lateral  angles  with  two  strong  spines,  their  apices 
obtuse  and  sub-bifid,  also  other  smaller  acute  spines  in  the  middle 
above ;  abdomen,  particularly  at  the  base  of  the  1st  and  on  the 
apical  half  of  the  2nd  and'  following  segments,  densely  and  the 
sides  sparsely  pubescent ;  the  carina  on  the  1st  ventral  segment 
nearly  or  completely  obsolete.    Blaci?,  thorax  fusco-ferruginous, 
a  subrectangular  oval  macula  of  yellowish  white  pubescence  on 
the  posterior  margin  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment,  other  narrow 
arched  indistinct  spots  of  the  same  in  the  middle  at  the  bastj 
of  the  2nd  segment,  with  two  large  triangular  patches  on  its 
-apical  margin  ;  linear  yellow  pubescent  spots  also  on  the  apical 
margins  of  the  3rd,  4th,  and  5th  segments,  and  the  anal  seguient 
fringed  on  both  sides  with  yellowish  hairs ;  the  femora  and  tibiffl 
sparsely,  and  the  tarsi  densely  covered  with  greyish  pubescence  ; 
the  apical  margins  of  the  ventral  abdominal  segments  pale  and 
sparsely  ciliated ;  the  pubescence  on  the  abdomen  above  black,  and 
on  the  sides  mixed  with  grey  hairs. 

Var.  a.  The  scape  and  apex  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae 
rufo-ferruginous. 

Var.  b.  The  anterior  legs  and  posterior  femora  obscurely 
ferruginous. 

Hab.  Bhamo,  Upper  Burma.     $  .  Length  7  mm. 

39.  Mutilla  cotesi.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 

5  .  Closely  resembles  M.  rothneyi  (p.  27),  but  the  head  is  more 
globular,  the  eyes  smaller,  circular,  and  less  prominent,  the  sides  of 
the  thorax  not  studded  with  sharp  spines,  but  only  creuulate,  and 
the  median  segment  has  no  central  spine  posteriorly  :  in  colour 
the  present  species  differs  in  having  the  head  black,  with  a  central 
spot  of  white  pubescence  on  the  forehead,  the  sides  of  the  thorax 
and  legs  dark  red,  and  the  pubescent  white  spots  on  the  abdomen 
smaller. 

II ab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.  $ .  Length  8  mm.  Type  in  coll. 
Eothney. 


24  MUTILLIB^. 


40.  Mutilla  nobilis,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  33,  d  i  Cam.  Mnn.  Marw/i. 
L.  rit.  Hoc.  (4)  V,  lSd2,  p.  I:i0.  ; .  •  , 

5 .  Head  and  thorax  coarsely  punctured ;  abdomen  densely 
pubescent ;  head  elongate,  half  as  long  again  as  broad ;  eyes  very 
small,  ovate;  thorax  trom  above  somewhat  irregularly  rectangular, 
narrowed  posteriorly,  with  an  inconspicuous  acute  tubercle  on 
each  side  before  the  middle ;  abdomen  very  massive,  much  longer 
than  the  head  and  thorax  united.  Head  and  thorax  red  ;  antenna; 
and  legs  rufo-fuscous,  the  tibioe  and  tarsi  with  dense  golden 
pubescence ;  abdomen  black,  with  black  pubetceuce,  three  large 
contiguous  spots  at  the  base  of  the  2iid  segment,  and  the  ^rd  and 
4th  segments  above  clothed  with  bright  golden  pubescence,  the 
middle  spot  on  the  2nd  segment  slightly  further  back  than  the 
other  two,  the  band  on  the  3rd  and  4th  narrowly  Uiterrupted  in 

the  middle.  ,         .  .        „        n     „  c 

cJ .  Similar,  the  scape  and  basal  two  joints  of  the  ilagelium  ot 
the  autenna?,  and  the  legs  pale  reddish  yellow,  the  median  segment 
black,  steeply  sloped,  nearly  vertical  posteriorly  ;  abdomen  sub- 
petiolate,  the  1st  segment  and  the  apical  margins  of  the  2nd,  3rd, 
iind  4th  broadly  covered  with  golden  pubescence  ;  wings  fuscous, 
subhyaline  at  base. 

Bab.  Madras,  Shevaroy  Hills.    ?  .  Lenrjth  16  mm.     6  ■  Length 
15-20  ;  exj).  30-33  mm. 

41   Mutilla  laininella,  Mas/r.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xii,  1892, 

p.215,  ?.  ... 

9  Head  minutely  but  deeply,  thorax  more  coarsely  punctiued, 
the  puuctures  oblong,  posteriorly  merging  into  xyide  reticulation, 
the  apex  of  the  thorax  abruptly  tiuncate;  the  p  ate  ot  the 
scutellum  narrow,  but  very  prominent ;  the  pleura;  shining  ;  the 
ventral  carina  distinct,  its  margin  roundly  lalcate  Black;  tbe 
mandibles  (except  at  apex),  the  base  and  apex  ot  the  scape  ot 
the  antenna;,  and  tbe  thorax  rufo-ferrugmous  ;  the  apical  margins 
of  the  '^nd  3rd,  aud  anal  abdominal  segments  and  the  tarsi 
variegated  with  rufo-testaceous  ;  the  whole  head  and  thorax  with 
sparse  cinereous,  and  the  abdomen  ^.ith  dense  black  pubescence  ; 
an  obsolete  spot  on  the  1st  segment  above,  a  ascia  on  its  apical 
nuirgin,  and  a  subtriangular  patch  on  the  middle  above  ot  the  3rd 
segment,  of  silky  yellow  pile.  ^    ^     .7  r 

Hah.  Mandalay,  Upper  Burma.     ?  .  Lenytli  5  mm. 

4-^  Mutilla  cassiope,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  86,  $  ;  Maffi: 
Ann.  Mus.  On:  Gen.  -{2^)  xii,  1892,  p.  219. 

9.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  thii^ly  P^be^^^f  * ' h'^J' 
thorax,  basal  two  abdominal  segments,  the  base  of  the  4tb  and  otb, 
Ind  the  whole  of  the  apical  segment  closely  P--^'-'^;  "J;  ,^: 
head  and  thorax  having  a  granular  appearance  ;  tl  e  ^^^^  ai 
of  the  2nd  segment  very  narrowly,  and  the  apical  margins  ot  the 


MUTILLA. 


25 


4th  and  5th  smooth  and  shining;  the  punctures  on  the  2nd  segment 
running  into  longitudinal  strias;  head  broad  and  square;  eyes 
ovate  ;  thorax  in  front  squarish,  posteriorly  constricted  towards  the 
apex.  Black,  the  scape  and  basal  joint  ot  the  flagellum  of  the 
anteunte,  the  thorax,  and  the  coxae  and  femora  of  all  the  legs  red; 
the  3rd  abdominal  segment  covered  with  a  dense  silvery  pile  above. 

Hah.  Borneo  (Smith)  ;  Moolayit,  Tenasserim  (i.  Fea).     $  . 
Length  5-7  mm. 

43.  Mutilla  sex-maculata,  Swed.  [nee  Smith)  Nouv.  Act.  Holm,  viii, 
1787,  p.  286  ;  Kad.  iSr  Sick.  Hoi:  Soc.  Ent.  Ross,  vi,  1869,  p.  246. 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  closely  punctui-ed,  with  a  thin  scattered 
puhesceuce;  abdomen  densely  pubescent ;  head  orbicular;  thorax 
truncate  in  front  and  posteriorly,  from  above  irregularly  rect- 
angular, slightly  broader  posteriorly  than  in  front,  slightly  con- 
stricted in  the  middle  ;  abdomen  massive,  long,  much  longer  than 
the  head  and  thorax  united.  Black,  the  thorax  above  red  ;  two 
oblong  spots  close  to  the  base  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment,  two 
others  on  its  apical  margin,  and  two  on  the  3rd  segment,  of  snow- 
white  pubescence. 

Hah.  Punjab;  Allahabad;  Barrackpore;  Bombay.  J.  Length 
11-17  ram. 

44.  Mutilla  agnata,  Andri,  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  viii,  1893,  pp.  466, 
479,  ?. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured, 
pubescent,  the  thorax  nearly  bare,  with  sparse  erect  line  hairs  ; 
head  very  orbicular,  strongly  convex  in  front,  narrower  than  the 
thorax ;  eyes  very  large,  subovate ;  thorax  from  above  elongate, 
rectangular,  the  lateral  margins  slightly  wa\ed  anteriorly,  widely 
arched  posteriorly,  truncate,  the  truncation  punctured;  1st  ab- 
dominal segment  very  short,  its  posterior  margin  above  depressed 
well  beneath  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment.  Head  black,  covered 
with  a  rather  thin  short  golden  pubescence,  the  scape  and  basal 
two  joints  of  the  antennaj  and  the  legs  ferruginous ;  the  apical 
portion  of  the  flagellum  brown  ;  thorax  red  ;  abdomen  black,  the 
basal  half  and  the  narrow  apical  margin  of  the  2nd,  and  the 
whole  of  the  rest  of  the  segments  above,  covered  with  ferruginous 
golden  pubescence,  the  anterior  border  of  the  golden  pubescence 
on  the  2nd  segment  medially  emarginate. 

Hah.  Canara,  Bombay  Presidency.     $  .  Length  7-12  mm. 

*45.  Mutilla  insularis,  Cam.  Mem.  M'anch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892, 
pp.  119,  133. 

"  5  .  The  antenna}  and  head  black ;  thorax  ferruginous  ;  abdo- 
men black,  with  two  large  oval  united  fasciae  on  the  second 
segment ;  the  thu-d  segment  and  the  apex  of  the  fourth  golden 
fulvous ;  legs  black,  the  femora  for  the  greater  part  ferruginous. 


26 


MUTILLIDiB. 


Head  coarsely  rugosely  punctured ;  the  hairs  fulvous.  Eyes  large, 
oblong,  reaching  quite  close  to  the  top  of  the  head,  which  is  slightly 
convex.  Antennal  tubercles  red,  shining,  finely  striated.  Antennte 
inclining  to  piceous  beneath  towards  the  base ;  the  third  joint 
twice  the  length  of  the  fourth  ;  the  second  and  third  joint  subequal. 
Thorax  bluntly  roiinded  at  base  and  apex,  twice  the  length  of  head, 
more  strongly  punctured  than  Jhe  head ;  the  pleurse  punctured 
except  at  the  apex ;  the  sides  of  the  thorax  above  rough,  almost 
straight ;  pygidium  longitudinally  striated  ;  the  sides  fringed  wifh 
long  fulvous  hair ;  apical  ventral  segment  slightly  fringed  with 
fulvous  hair  ;  the  basal  segment  with  large  deep  punctures ;  the 
others  with  the  punctures  much  smaller.  Legs  covered  thickly  with 
long  pale  fulvous  hairs,  rufo-fulvous  on  the  tarsi ;  the  calcaria ; 
the  tibial  spines  four,  pale. 

"■^  Hob.  Trincomali;  Ceylon.     5  •  Length  11  mm." 


*46.  Mutilla  serratula.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892, 
pp.  V22,  133,  pi.  i,  fig.  12. 

$  .  "  Black  ;  the  thorax  red ;  the  scape  and  legs  pale  rufo- 
testaceous  ;  the  apex  of  second  abdominal  segment  with  a  pale 
fulvous  band  (dilated  in  the  middle).  Head  as  wide  as  the  thorax, 
coarsely  punctured ;  the  antennal  tubercles  impunctate,  pale  testa- 
ceous, as  well  as  the  clypeus ;  mandibles  reddish,  the  apices  piceous 
black  ;  eyes  large,  oval,  reaching  close  to  the  top  of  the  head.  The 
third  joint  of  antenna)  about  one-half  longer  than  the  fourth.  The 
sides  of  the  thorax  coarsely  irregularly  serrate,  contracted  in  the 
middle,  closely  and  coarsely  longitudinally  punctured  ;  the  apex  of 
median  segment  above  A-shaped  ;  coarsely  serrated ;  the  acute 
apex  terminating  in  a  spine.  The  sides  of  the  median  segment 
serrate;  the  pleuraj  impunctate.  First  abdominal  segment  not 
dilated  :  the  apical  pale  testaceous,  impunctate ;  the  apical  ventral 
segments  fringed  with  pale  fulvous  hairs.  Tibia  and  tarsi 
sparingly  covered  with  testaceous  hairs ;  the  apices  of  femora 
fuscous. 

"  Bab.  Poena.     §  .  Length  5  mm." 


47  Mutilla  dissimulanda,  Ma(/r.  Ann.  Mm.  Civ.  Gen.  (2»)  xii,  1892, 
p.  219,  ?. 

2  .  Head  in  front  and  on  the  vertex  very  coarsely  rugose, 
cribrate  and  reticulate;  thorax  minutely  reticulate ;  the  plate  ot 
the  scutellum  wide,  scarcely  projecting  ;  the  margins  and  angles 
of  the  metathorax  above  with  projecting  papillae,  its  posterior 
portion  longitudinally  striate  with  smaller  projecting  papiUie ; 
pleurffi  smooth  and  shining;  the  Ist  abdommal  segment  above 
minutely  punctured  and  aciculate,  the  ventral  carina  distinct ;  the 
2nd,  4th,  and  5th  segments  above  pubescent,  the  Hr.st  ot  these  on 
the  ventral  side  shining,  coarsely  and  densely  punctured,  tlie 
remainder  minutely  transversely  striate   beneath,  their  apical 


MUTII-LA. 


27 


margins  punctured  ;  the  anal  segment  minutely  longitudina  ly 
striate,  its  apex  emarginate ;  legs  sparsely  pubescent.  -Black  ; 
the  mandibles  in  the  middle,  the  scape  of  the  antenna)  at  base  and 
apex  the  thorax,  trochanters,  and  basal  half  of  the  femora  ruto- 
ferrucrinous  ;  abdomen  opaque,  sparsely  clothed  with  black  pubes- 
cence, dense  on  the  2nd,  4th,  and  5th  segments  above ;  the  2nd 
segment  has  on  its  apical  margin  a  narrow,  and  the  3rd  segment 
a  wide  transverse  band  of  silljy  white  pubescence  ;  the  margins  of 
the  3rd,  4th,  and  5th  ventral  segments  ciliated  with  silvery  hairs  ; 
the  legs  sparsely  clothed  with  yellowish  pile,  the  tarsal  spines  rufo- 
testaceous. 

Hah.  Karen  Hills,  Burma.     $  .  Length  11  mm. 


48.  Mutilla  rothneyi,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  coarsely  and  closely,  and  the  abdomen 
finely  and  closely  punctured,  the  punctures  on  the  head  and  thorax 
running  into  longitudinal  striae ;  head  subquadrate,  as  wide  as  the 
thorax ;  eyes  very  prominent,  oval,  slightly  laterally  compressed  ; 
collar  much  raised,  on  a  level  with  the  head  and  thorax ;  thorax 
from  above  rectangular,  the  sides  set  with  sharp  short  spines, 
excavated  below  and  smooth;  the  median  segment  with  a  smgle 
sharp  central  spine  posteriorly ;  abdomen  as  long  as  the  head  and 
thorax,  the  basal  segment  constricted  at  its  posterior  margin. 
Head  in  front  and  on  the  vertex,  and  the  thorax  above  dark  red ; 
the  cheeks  behind  the  eyes,  the  sides  of  the  thorax,  legs  and 
abdomen  black,  the  last  'with  black  pubescence  and  five  circular 
pubescent  white  spots— one  at  the  base  above  the  1st,  two  lateral 
and  one  central  at  the  posterior  margin  of  the  2nd,  and  one  in  the 
middle  of  the  posterior  margin  of  the  4th  segment. 

cJ .  Closely  resembles  the  ?  ,  but  the  median  segment  is  larger 
proportionally  and  more  clearly  marked  off  from  the  thorax,  the 
lateral  and  posterior  spines  are  smaller,  and  the  sides  of  the  thorax 
are  more  deeply  excavated.  Colour  almost  precisely  similar,  but 
the  red  is  more  diffused  over  the  head,  the  pleursE  are  covered 
with  a  thin  sericeous  silvery  pile,  and  there  are  two  additional 
spots  on  the  abdomen,  one  in  the  middle  of  the  apical  margin  of 
the  5th,  the  other  on  the  6th  segment ;  wings  absent  (evidently 
accidentally  lost)  in  the  type  and  only  specimen  known. 

Hab.  Barrackpore.  Bengal.  ? .  Length  8  mm.  d .  Letigth 
9  mm.    Types  in  coll.  Eothney. 

A  very  distinct  species  ;  the  d  is  M:  contmcta.  Cam. 


49.  Mutilla  pandora,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  85,  §  ;  Magr. 
Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xii,  1892,  p.  220. 

$  .  Head  anteriorly  minutely  and  closely  striate,  thorax  finely 
and  closely  punctured,  abdomen  densely  pubescent;  head  very 
little  wider  than  the  thorax  ;  eyes  ovate,  the  outer  orbits  straighter 


28 


MTJTILLIDjE. 


than  the  innei";  thorax  iu  front  transverse,  posteriorly  sbai-ply 
truiacate,  the  face  of  the  truncation  smooth 
but  opaque.  Black,  the  scape  and  first  joint  of 
the  iiagellum  of  the  antenjiae  rufeseent ;  the 
vertex  and  back  of  tlie  head,  the  thorax,  and 
the  base  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment  red ; 
three  large  spots  placed  in  a  triangle  on  the 
2nd  segment  above,  a  lunate  elongate  spot  in  the 
middle  of  its  posterior  margin,  a  band  covering 
the  3rd  segment,  and  the  sides  of  the  apical 
segment  .with  silvery  white  pubescence. 
Mumil'^ndora,  ^^b.  Bhamo,  Upper  Burma  {L.  Fea);  Bor- 
5.  6.  ueo,  Sarawak.     5  .  10  mm. 

50.  Mutilla  kanthellse  *,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Sou.  (4)  v,  1892, 
pp.  119, 124. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  closely  and  coarsely,  and  abdomen  finely 
punctured  and  pubescent ;  head  subglobose,  not  broader  than  the 
thorax ;  eyes  ovate ;  thorax  from  above  longish  rectangular,  the 
lateral  margins  crenulate  audUghtly  emarginate;  median  segment 
rounded  posteriorly,  its  lateral  angles  produced  into  a  sharp  well- 
marked  tooth  ;  abdomen  broad,  short,  much  broader  than  the 
thorax.  Black,  a  spot  on  the  vertex  and  the  thorax  in  the  middle 
deep  red,  the  margins  of  the  latter  above,  in  front,  and  on  the 
sides  narrowly  black  ;  abdomen  with  five  pubescent  white  spots- 
one  at  the  apex  of  the  basal  segment,  two  sublateral  close  to  the 
base,  and  two  close  to  each  other  on  the  apical  margin  of  the  2nd 

segment.  m       •  n 

Hah.  KantheUai,  Ceylon.     ? .  Length  12  mm.    Type  m  coll. 

Eothney. 

51   Mutilla  maculiceps,  Andre,  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  S.  Soc.  viii,  1893, 
pp.  468,  481,  ? . 

P  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pubescent ;  the  head,  thorax, 
and  '.the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  somewhat  coarsely 
punctured ;  head  not  strongly  convex  in  front,  compressed  and 
narrowed  at  the  back ;  thorax  suboval,  rounded  anteriorly,  narrowed 
and  somewhat  sloping  posteriorly,  the  sides  smooth.  Bead,  thorax 
round  the  margins  narrowly,  and  abdomen  black,  the  thorax  along 
the  middle  above  ferruginous  red;  antennaj  and  legs  black,  the 
basal  two  segments  of  the  abdomen  beneath  obscurely  red;  the 
pubescence  on  the  middle  of  the  thorax  golden,  on  the  abdomen 
black  •  a  large  spot  on  the  front  and  vertex  of  the  head,  a  spot  on 
either  side  at  the  base  aud  two  similar  smaller  ones  at  the  apex 
of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment,  with  two  still  smaller  ones  on  the 
ard  segment,  covered  with  snow-white  pubescencej_ 

Mab.  Poona,  Bombay  Presidency.     ?  .  Length  ,  mm.  

*  The  original  spelling  of  this  name,  kmUheUai,  is  a  mistake  or  misprint. 


MTJTILLA.  29 


52.  Mutilla  ni^rigena,  Andre,  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  vm,  1893, 

pp.  4G4,  471,  5  . 

2  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  somewhat  coarsely 
punctured,  apical  segment  of  the  last  longitudinally  striate  above ; 
head  orbicular,  convex  in  front,  wider  than  the  thorax  ;  this  Utter 
sli-htly  convex  above,  rectangular,  the  sides  parallel,  its  anterior 
mar<-in  more  arched  than  the  posterior.  Head  and  abdomen 
black,  the  vertex  and  front  of  the  head  and  the  thorax  red  ;  scape 
of  the  antennae  and  the  legs  reddish,  the  flagellum  reddish  (or 
black):  abdomen  with  black  pubescence,  a  round  spot  at  the  base 
and  a  semicircular  spot  and  a  frin-e  on  the  apical  margin  ot  the 
2nd  segment,  of  white  pubescence ;  a  similar  but  ill-c  ehnecl  spot 
of  white  pubescence  in  the  middle  of  the  3rd  and  4th  segments, 
and  a  few  scattered  white  hairs  on  the  sides  of  and  beneath  the 

segments.  7  oi  ^  k 

Hah.  Canara,  Bombay  Presidency.     ?  .  Length  6^  to  5  mm. 

53.  Mutilla  reticulata,  S^nith,  Cat.  ill,  p.  35,  $  . 

Q  Head  and  thorax  very  coarsely  cribrate,  sparsely  covered 
with  erect  hairs  ;  head  slightly  wider  than  the  thorax  ;  the  eyes 
ovate  and  small ;  thorax  from  above  rectangular,  anteriorly  and 
posteriorly  nearly  transverse,  the  sides  excavated,  the  face  ot  tJie 
emarginate  portions  coarsely  punctured  :  abdomen  longitudinally 
deeply  sti-iate,  pubescent  above.  Head,  legs,  and  abdomen  black, 
the  basal  two  segments  of  the  last  with  transverse  bands  on  their 
apical  margins,  and  the  3rd  segment  with  lengthened  lateral  spots 
of  silvery  pubescence. 

Eab.  India  (Smith).     ?  .  Length  10  mm. 

54.  Mutilla  ocellata,  Sauss.  Ann.  Soc  Ent.  Fr.  1867,  p.  356,  pi.  8, 

fig.  5,  2 ;  Cam.  Metn.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  120. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured, 
the  punctures  finer  on  the  abdomen  than  on  the  head  and  thorax; 
head  broad,  globose ;  eyes  oval ;  thorax  from  above  rectangular,  the 
anterior  and  posterior  margins  nearly  transverse,  the  lateral 
margins  towards  the  apex  crenulate  and  slightly  emarginate  ;  the 
pleurte  excavated ;  pro-  and  mesopleuroe  smooth,  metapleuras 
punctured  -,  abdomen  short,  pubescent.  Head  and  abdomen  black ; 
thorax  red :  the  vertex  of  the  head  between  the  eyes,  also  the 
forehead,  suffused  with  red  ;  legs  black,  the  pubescence  on  them 
whitish  ;  a  small  round  median  spot  at  the  apex  of  the  1st,  a  larger 
spot  at  the  apex  of  the  2nd,  and  another  of  a  size  between  the  two 
at  the  apexof  the  3rd  abdominal  segment,  of  snow-white  pubescence, 
the  sides  and  apex  of  the  abdomen  with  some  white  hairs. 

Bab.  Ceylon.     2  .  Length  8-12  mm. 


55.  Mutilla  maculo-fasciata,  Sams.  Hym.  Nov.  Beise,  p.  107,  $  . 
2  .  Head  barely  as  wide  as  the  thorax,  densely  punctured, 


30  mutillidjIE. 


granular;  thorax  elongate-quadrate,  somewhat  wide,  nearly  half 
as  long  again  as  broad,  the  sides  straight,  above  densely  punctured  ; 
the  mesopleuriB  excavated  ;  the  metapleuras  punctured  ;  2nd 
abdominal  segment  above  densely,  beneath  sparsely  punctured; 
pygidium  punctured  and  striolate.  Head  black,  the  vertex  and 
front  rufescent;  antenna)  rufo -fuscous ;  mandibles  and  clypeus 
fuscous  black  ;  thorax  red  ;  abdomen  nigro-fuscous,  a  spot  at  the 
base  of  the  2nd  segment  and  broad  fascia  ou  the  3rd  segment  of 
silvery  pubescence,  the  remaining  segments  with  whitish  hairs  ; 
apical"  segment  red  ;  legs  black,  the  femora  rufescent. 

Var.  The  whole  of  the  head  red,  the  fascia  on  the  3rd  segment 
rupted  in  the  middle. 

Hab.  Ceylon ;  Timor ;  Luzon.     ?  .  Length  7  mm. 

56.  Mutilla  variegata,  S)nith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  39,  $ . 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  closely  and  somewhat  coarsely  rugose,  the 
punctures  running  into  reticulations  on  the  disc  of  the  thorax ; 
this  latter  transverse  in  front,  broadening  towards  the  middle  and 
suddenly  and  somewhat  acutely  narrowed  posteriorly ;  the  sides 
flat,  punctured,  with  a  broad  oblique  ridge  in  the  middle  ;  abdomen 
longitudinally,  closely,  and  deeply  striate  above,  pubescent;  the 
1st  ventral  segment  without  a  carina.  Black,  the  head,  thorax, 
and  legs  with  griseous,  and  the  abdomen  with  black  pubescence ; 
the  apical  margins  of  the  basal  three  segments  with  transverse 
bands  of  glittering  golden  hairs,  continued  on  the  underside  on  the 
2nd  and  3rd,  and  with  a  large  round  spot  of  the  same  on  the 
middle  of  the  2nd  segment  above. 

Eah.  Burma,   extending  up  to  North    Chma.      ?.  Length 
15  mm. 

57.  Mutilla  fuiieraria,  SmifJi,  Cat.  iii,  p.  37,  $ . 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  closely  and  finely  punctured  ;  head  about 
as  wide  as  the  thorax;  eyes  large  in  proportion,  ovate;  tborax 
long  anteriorly  produced  into  a  collar  or  neck,  posteriorly  shghtly 
narrowed  and"  steeply  sloped,  the  sides  very  slightly  emarginate 
and  smooth;  abdomen  still  more  finely  punctured,  pubescent 
above.  Black,  a  lunate  mark  on  the  apical  margin  of  the  ^nd 
abdominal  segment  and  the  extreme  apex  of  the  abdomen  with 
silverv  white  hairs. 

Hah.  Northern  India  (SmitJi).     2  .  Length  11  ram. 

58  Mutilla  arenaria,  Fabr.  Mant.  Ins.  i,  p.  312, 18;  Smith,  Cat.  iii, 
p.  9,  53  ;  Had.  Hor.  Soc.  Ent.  Ross,  viii,  1869,  p.  242. 
Mutilla  desertorum,  Had.  Bull.  Soc.  Aat.  31osc.  1865,  p.  452, 
pi.  viii,  tig.  4,  var. 
2     Head,   thorax,   and    abdomen   densely    pubescent,  the 
pubescence  hiding  most  of  the  puncturing  and  sculpture  of  the 
body;  head  orbicular,  scarcely  so  wide  as  the  thorax ;  thorax 
strongly  convex  above,  broader  in  front  than  behind,  anterioily 


MUTILLA. 


31 


transverse  with  the  lateral  angles  somewhat  rounded,  posteriorly 
concavo-trunoate ;  abdomen  petiolate,  the  basal  segment  smuW, 
narrowed,  much  depressed  below  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment ; 
pygidium  longitudinally  and  coarsely  striate.  Black,  with  black 
pubescence ;  a  round  spot  on  the  front,  the  thorax  above,  a  medial 
round  spot  near  the  base  of  the  2ud  abdominal  segment,  a  very 
broad  transverse  fascia,  angularly  emarginate  in  the  middle 
anteriorly,  on  the  apical  margin  of  the  same,  and  an  ovate  spot 
at  the  base  of  the  6th  extending  on  to  the  apical  margins  of 
the  4th  and  5th  segments,  covered  with  pale  yellowish-white 
pubescence. 

Hab.  Karachi  ;  Bombay.     $  .  Length  11-15  mm. 

*59.  Mutilla  semiaurata.  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  36,  2d- 

"$.  Length  5  lines  (about  11  mm.).  Black,  the  head,  meso- 
thorax  anteriorly,  metathorax  and  legs  clothed  with  silvery-white 
pubescence ;  the  abdomen  densely  clothed  with  bright  pale  golden 
pubescence,  except  the  apical  segmeut,  which  is  black,  and  has  a 
central  silvery-white  pubescent  spot ;  beneath,  the  margins  of  the 
segments  are  fringed  with  silvery  hairs,  the  2nd  segment  coarsely 
puuctiired  and  having  a  central  longitudinal  carina. 

"  c?  .  Clothed  as  in  the  other  sex ;  the  eyes  ovate,  the  wings  dark 
fuscous,  palest  towards  their  base. 

"  Hab.  ludia  (Smith)." 

60.  Mutilla  remota.  Cam.  Mein.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  coarsely  but  closely  and  evenly 
punctured,  pubescent ;  thorax  suboval,  the  emarginate  hollows  on 
the  sides  with  the  keel  between  them  slight,  the  face  of  the 
emarginations  as  closely  and  coarsely  punctured  as  the  rest  of  the 
thorax.  Black,  the  pubescence  black:  on  the  tibis  and  tarsi  of 
the  legs  and  the  apex  of  the  median  segment  golden  yellow  ; 
abdomen  with  broad  transverse  bands  of  golden-yellow  pubescence 
on  the  apical  margins  of  the  1st  and  2ncl  and  the  base  of  the  3rd 
segment,  the  4th  segment  entirely  covered  with  the  same ;  the 
inner  orbits  narrowly,  the  outer  orbits  broadly,  and  the  sides  of 
the  pronotum  obscure  red. 

Hab.  Trincomali,  Ceylon.  5  .  Length  15  mm.  Tyj)e  in  coll. 
Eothney.    This  species  may  be  the  $  of  M.  exacta.  Smith. 

61.  Mutilla  cicatrificera,  Andre,  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  viii,  1893 

pp.  466,  477,  $  .  ' 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  basal  two  abdominal  segments  above  very 
coarsely  and  closely,  and  the  bases  of  the  remaining  segments 
finely  punctured;  the  head  and  thorax  covered  with  erect  fine 
hairs ;  the  abdomen  densely  pubescent ;  bead  orbicular,  strongly 
convex  in  front ;  thorax  from  above  rectangular,  anteriorly  trans- 
verse, but  whh  a  sort  of  collar  between  it  and  the  head,  the  lateral 
margins  crenulate,  the   apex   somewhat  sloping  ;   2nd  ventral 


32 


segment  witb  a  medial  carina  at  base.  Head,  thorax,  and  legs 
dark  red;  abdomen  black,  two  large  round  confluent  spots  at 
base  above,  and  the  narrow  apical  margin  of  the  2nd  segment, 
with  broad  apical  bands  on  the  remaining  segments,  covered  with 
ferruginous  golden  pubescence. 

Hah.  Canara,  Bombay  Presidency.     $  .  Length  11  mm. 


62.  Mutilla  aurifrons,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  31,  $  . 

$.  "Length  5  lines  (about  11  mm.).  Brownish-red,  the 
sides  of  the  thorax  and  abdomen  having  some  dusky  stains ;  the 
face  and  vertex  densely  clothed  with  short  bright  golden  pubes- 
cence :  the  antennae  ferruginous,  having  the  flagellum  fuscous 
above,  except  the  two  or  three  basal  joints.  Thorax  elongate- 
ovate,  slightly  narrowed  behind;  legs  bright  ferruginous  and 
having  a  pale  glittering  pubescence.  Abdomen:  the  second  seg- 
ment having  two  minute  spots  of  golden  pubescence,  its  apical 
margin  having  a  fascia  of  vellowish-white  pubescence,  and  being 
notciied  in  the  middle;  the  following  segments  ^  have  a  thick 
marginal  fringe  of  bright  reddish-yellow  pubescence." 

Hah.  India  (Smith).    Unknown  to  me. 

*63.  Mutilla  diversa,  Smith,  Cat.  ili,  p.  32  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph. 
Soc.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  118. 

5  "Head  and  thorax  red,  the  former  rounded  at  the  sides 
and  narrowed  anteriorly;  antenna  and  mandibles  red,  the  legs 
red  and  having  a  thin  pale  ghttering  pubescence  ;  the  head  and  the 
thorax  above  thinly  covered  with  erect  black  hairs,  /bdomen 
black ;  the  basal  segment  having  a  patch  and  the  2nd  and  dvd 
segments  an  ovate  spot  on  each  side  on  their  apical  margms  ot 
pale  golden  pubescence,  beneath  obscure  red." 

Hah.  India  (Smith).     ?  .  Length  4^  lines =about  10  mm. 

64  Mutilla  dives,  Smith,  Cat.  iii.  p.  32,  172,  ?;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch. 
L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  118. 
9    Head   rather   finely  longitudinally  punctate  and  thinly 
nubescent ;  thorax  more  coarsely  punctured,  from  above  subrect- 
ansular,  broader  posteriorly  than  in  front,  the  sides  emarginate; 
the  pleurjB  smooth,  with  no  dividing  carina;  between  the  pro-, 
meso-  and  raetapleurce  ;  abdomen  densely  pubescent  above,  smooth 
and  shining  beneath,  the  2nd-5th  ventral  segments  fimbriated 
along  their  apical  margins.   Head  and  thorax  red  ;  legs  dark  rufo- 
Sus;  tarsi  paler,  the  pubescence  pale  golden,  the  calcana 
white;  abdomen  black  above  with  black  pubescence  the  2nd 
segment  has  two  lateral  elongate  oval  spots  of  rich  golden  pubes- 
cence the  3rd  two  quadrate  silvery  spots,  the  5th  a  silvery  spot 
on  the  apical  margin  above  in  the  middle;  beneath,  the  abdomen 

is  testaceous  red.  ,      -,  n 

Hah.  India  (Smitli).    $  •  Length  6-10  mm. 


MUTILLA. 


33 


65.  Mutilla  chrysoplithalma,  King,  Symb.  Phys.,  Ins.  dec.  1,  no.  17, 

pi.  V,  fig.  3  ;  Bad.     Sich.  Mor.  S'oc.  Ent.  Boss.  1869,  p.  2.32. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  very  roughly  rugose,  with  scar- 
like  ridges ;  thorax  scarcely  so  broad  as  the  head,  rather  elongate. 
Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  red  ;  head  with  the  occiput  covered 
with  black,  the  front  with  white  pubescence  ;  thorax  above  with 
scattered  black  hairs  ;  abdomeu  above  slightly  fuscous,  with  black 
pubescence,  the  2nd  segment  with  a  large  round  spot  on  each 
side,  3rd  and  4th  segments  with  a  medial  smaller  spot  of  golden 
pubescence ;  legs  red,  with  white  pubescence. 

Hah.  Ceylon ;  Arabia.     5  .  Length  11  mm. 

66.  MutiUa  nudiceps,  Andre,  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  viii,  189-3, 

pp.  46b,  480,  ? . 

5  .  Closely  resembles  M.  agnata,  Andre.  Differs  in  having  the 
head  red,  concolorous  with  the  thorax ;  the  head  and  thorax  covered 
with  sparse  erect  brown  haii's ;  the  1st  segment  of  the  abdomen 
longer,  the  ferruginous  golden  pubescence  at  base  of  the  2nd  segment 
above  reduced  to  two  large,  almost  confluent  round  spots,  and  the 
legs  reddish  not  ferruginous.  The  pygidium  in  M.  agnata  is 
punctured,  in  M.  nudiceps  longitudinally  strongly  striate. 

Bah.  Cauara ;  Poona,  Bombay  Presidency.  $ .  Length  9- 
12  mm. 

*67.  Mutilla  erythrocera,  Cmn.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc  (4)  v,  1892, 
pp.  118,  131. 

$  .  "Antennae,  head,  thorax,  and  legs  for  the  greater  part  ferru- 
ginous ;  abdomen  black,  two  large  round  maculae  on  the  2nd  seg- 
ment, and  the  3rd  and  4th  segments  golden-fulvous.  Head  coarsely 
rugosely  punctured,  and  sparsely  covered  with  long  blackish  hairs  ; 
the  hairs  on  the  clypeus  pale  fulvous  ;  autenual  tubercles  shining, 
impunctate.  Palpi  testaceous  ;  eyes  small,  oval,  in  length  about 
as  long  as  the  third  antenna!  joint,  and  situated  before  the  lateral 
middle  line  of  the  head,  i.  e.  the  space  behind  them  is  greater 
than  in  front.  Vertex  roundly  convex.  The  third  antennal  joint 
not  quite  twice  the  length  of  the  fourth,  which  is  longer  than  the 
second.  Head  wider  than  the  thorax.  Thorax  more  coars(!ly 
punctured  than  the  head ;  the  mesonotum  impunctate ;  the  pro- 
and  metapleurae  rugose  ;  the  sides  of  the  mesothorax  rough,  very 
slightly  concave  ;  eyes  [?  sides]  of  median  segment  bluntly  serrate. 
Abdomen  about  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax  united  ;  the  hairs 
on  the  1st  and  2nd  segments  black.  Pygidium  apparently  finely 
punctured ;  ventral  segment  fringed  with  fulvous  hairs.  Legs  : 
femora  and  coxre  piceous  ;  tibiae  and  tarsi  ferruginous  ;  the  tibial 
spines  (6  in  a  row)  black  ;  the  hair  long,  and  pale  fulvous. 

"■Hah.  Poona  {Wroiighton).  J.  Length  9  mm."  Unknown 
to  me. 


TOL.  I. 


34 


MUTILLIDjE. 


68.  Mutilla  regia,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  88,  2 . 

Mutilla  comottii,  Orihoclo,  Ann.  Mua.  Civ.  Gen.  (2*)  i,  1884,  p.  365, 2 . 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  closely  and  not  very  coarsely,  abdomen 
more  finely  punctured ;  bead  "globular,  eyes  larfje,  oval  ;  thorax 
above  slightly  convex,  the  lateral  margins  crenulate ;  the  meso- 
and  meta])leiir£e  excavated,  smooth  and  shining  ;  median  segment 
rounded  posteriorly,  with  a  very  steep  slope  to  the  apex ;  abdomen 
long,  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax,  pubescent.  Head  and 
thorax  red;  abdomen  deep  cerulean  blue,  a  circular  spot  on 
the  middle  of  the  pronotum  anteriorly  and  four  spots  along  the 
median  line  of  the  abdomen  (one  basal,  one  apical  on  the  2nd 
segment,  and  an  apical  one  on  the  4th  and  5th)  of  white  silvery 
pubescence,  a  line  on  the  apical  margin  and  the  sides  of  the  2nd 
segment  also  with  silvery  white  pubescence. 

Hab.  Northern  India.     ?  .  Length  9-11  mm.     Type  in  the 
British  Museum.  . 

I  cannot  find  any  points  of  difference  between  M.  regia,  bmith, 
and  M.  comottii,  Gribodo. 

69.  Mutilla  sestuans,  Gerst.  Peters,  Reise,  Mosamb.Y,j.  487,  pi.  31, 
fig.  G,  ?  ;  Rad.  ^  Sich.  Ear.  Soc.  Ent.  Ross,  vi,  1869,  p.  223. 
9  .  Head  and  thorax  rugose,  strongly  punctured ;  abdomen 
subsessile,  pubescent  ;  eyes  ovate  ;  thorax  subquadrate,  lightly 
constricted  in  tbe  middle,  truncate  posteriorly ;  1st  ventral  segment 
armed  with  two  teeth  and  with  the  carina  slight  y  emarginate. 
Head  and  thorax  red;  abdomen  black,  with  black  pubescence; 
antennae  reddish,  legs  dark  brown  ;  2nd  abdominal  segment  with 
a  round  spot  of  white  pubescence  on  each  side  near  the  base 
and  the  3rd  and  4th  segments  with  broad  medially  interrupted 

bands  of  the  same.  r^     r     jt  r> 

Hab.  Oeylon;  Mozambique;  South  Africa.     ?.  Length  b- 

12  mm. 

YO  Mutilla  aurifex.  Smith,  New  Sp.  Bym.  B  M.  p.  198,  5  S\  Cam. 
Mem.  Maneh.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  117. 
2    Head  a.nd  thorax  coarsely  longitudinally  punctured  ;  abdo- 
men densely  pubescent  above,  beneath  smooth  and  shining,  rather 
Sy  puncLkd,  tbe  posterior  margins  of  the  2nd-5th  segments 
fimbriated;  eyes  smaU  subovate ;  thorax  from  above  irregularly 
Sigula;,  somewhat  broader  anteriorly  than  at  the  apex,  the 
I^t  raTmar'gins  with  a  strong  conical  tooth  m  the  middle  ;  the 
nleurae  smootb,  tbe  pleural  carina  well  developed.     Hp^d  ana 
thora?  red    the  antenna  and  legs  brown,  with  golden  pubescence 
abdomen  biack  with  black  pube'scence,  a  spot,  «to  a  pom 
nosterioriv  at  tbe  base  of  the  1st  segment,  a  broad  band  at  the  base 
of  the  2nd'and  the  3rd  and  4th  segments  above  completers  covered 
4?  goldek  pubescence  ;  the  ba/d  at  the  base  o        f  id  gmen^^ 
is  bi-emarginate  posteriorly,  and  there  is  a  hue  of  black  pubescence 


MUTILLA. 


35 


down  the  micldlo  of  the  3rd  and  4th  segments  ;  the  fimbria  on  the 
segments  beneath  golden. 

similar,  but  wants  the  pubescent  spot  on  the  basal,  and  the 
black  median  line  on  the  3rd  and  4th  abdominal  segments.  It 
has  also  the  median  segment  covered  with  golden  pubescence,  the 
sides  of  the  segment  being  laterally  flattened  and  depressed, 
and  its  posterior  lateral  angles  tuberculate ;  the  scutellum  is 
prominent,  projecting  posteriorly,  the  margin  incised  and  bearing 
a  strong  lateral  tooth  on  each  of  its  posterior  angles  ;  wings  hyaline 
at  base,  fuscous  beyond. 

Hah.  Bombay.  $.  Length  11-14  mm.  <S .  Length  15-16; 
exp.  32-34  mm. 

71.  Mutilla  humbertiana,  Smiss.  Ann.  Soc.  Evt.  Fr.  1867,  p.  353, 
pi.  8,  fig.  2,  9 ;  Had.  &■  Sich.  Sor.  Soc.Ent.  Soss.  vi,  1869,  p.  305. 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  strongly  and  coarsely  punctured,  abdomen 
pubescent ;  head  as  wide  as  the  thorax,  orbicular  ;  thorax  rectan- 
gular, slightly  constricted  in  the  middle,  transverse  in  front, 
roundly  truncate  posteriorly.  Head  and  thorax  of  an  obscure 
dark  red  ;  abdomen  black,  2nd  segment  with  a  broad  band  at  base 
and  a  narrow  one  on  its  apical  margin,  both  bands  medially  inter- 
rupted, and  3rd  segment  with  a  complete  band,  of  golden  yellow 
pubescence  ;  anal  segment  punctured  and  fringed  with  golden 
yellow  hairs  :  antennae  reddish,  with  their  apical  joints  black  ;  legs 
brown,  ciliated  with  golden  hairs. 

Hah.  Trincomali,  Ceylon.     $  .  Length  10-14  mm. 

72.  Mutilla  ulacida,  Sm.ith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  198,  $ ;  Cam. 

Mem.  Maiich.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  t,  1892,  p.  V20. 

2  .  Head  small,  not  so  wide  as  the  thorax ;  the  latter  subovate, 
almost  kite-shaped,  being  broad  and  rounded  anteriorly  and  very 
considerably  narrowed  towards  the  apex,  the  lateral  marsfins 
crenidate,  toothed  in  the  middle  ;  head  and  thorax  coarsely  longi- 
tudinaDy  punctured,  the  pleurae  emarginate  and  as  coarsely 
punctured  as  the  rest  of  the  thorax.  Head,  thorax,  and  legs  red  ; 
abdomen  black,  with  black  pubescence  ;  the  basal  segment  con- 
stricted and  campanulate,  forming  a  sort  of  pedicel  to  the  rest  of 
the  abdomen  ;  the  basal  three  segments  with  broad  transverse 
bands  of  golden  pubescence,  above,  on  their  apical  margins. 

Hah.  Bombay.  $.  Length  12  mm.  Type  in  the  British 
Museum. 

73.  Mutilla  aureo-ruhra,  Bad.  ^  Sich.  Hor.  Soc.  Ent.  Ross,  vi,  1869, 

p.  304.  ' 
Mutilla  egregia,  Sauss.  (nec  Klug)  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1867,  p.  351, 
pi.  8,  fig.  1,  $ . 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  basal  two  segments  of  the  abdomen 
coarsely  punctured,  the  rest  of  the  abdomen  more  sparsely  and 
finely  punctured;   head  nearly  as  wide  as  the  thorax;  thorax 

d2 


36  MUTIIiLlDiE. 


elongate,  rounded  anteriorly,  constricted  posteriori}',  carrying  a 
little  before  the  middle  on  each  side  a  pointed  tubercle ;  1st 
abdominal  segment  petiolate,  swollen  posteriorly.  Head  and  thorax 
dark  red  ;  abdomen  black,  sparsely  pubescent ;  antennaj  black  ;  legs 
black,  ciliated  with  golden  yellow  hairs  ;  the  2nd  and  3rd  ab- 
dominal segments  with  transverse  bands  oi!  golden  pubescence. 
Eah.  Trincomali,  Ceylon.     $  .  Length  13-1 5  mm. 

74.  Mutilla  trichocondyla,  Andre,  Jow.  Bomh.  N.  II.  Snc.  viii,  1893, 
pp.  468.  483,  5 . 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  coarsely 
reticulate  ;  head  and  thorax  sparsely  pubescent  with  stiff  hairs, 
abdomen  densely  pubescent ;  head  square,  very  nearly  as  broad  as 
the  thorax,  the  occiput  transverse  ;  thorax  from  above  broader 
anteriorly  than  posteriorly,  with  two  blunt  triangular  teeth  on 
each  side,  the  hinder  the  smaller,  the  posterior  margin  roundly 
truncate  ;  the  base  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  bare  and  smooth. 
Black,  the  head  and  thorax  dark  red,  the  latter  with  the  sides  and 
apex  narrowly  edged  with  black,  the  scape  of  the  antenna?  and  the 
leo-s  brownish  red,  the  flagellum  ferruginous  ;  the  posterior  margin 
of'' the  2nd,  the  whole  of  the  3rd,  and  the  sides  of  the  2nd-5th 
abdominal  segments  covered  with  golden  yellow  pubescence,  the 
band  on  the  2nd  segment  shghtly  interrupted  in  the  middle. 

Hab.  Canara,  Bombay  Presidency.     $  .  Length  13  mm. 

75   Mutilla  bicincta,  Sauss.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1867,  p.  355,  pi.  8, 
fig.  4 ;  Rad.  Sf  Sich.  Ror.  Soc.  Ent.  Ross,  vi,  1869,  p.  306. 

9  Head  and  thorax  somewhat  finely  punctured,  abdomen 
pubescent;  head  as  wide  as  the  thorax,  orbicular ;  thorax  from 
above  broadly  rectangular,  with  a  slight  constriction  in  the  middle  ; 
abdomen  subsessile.  Head  and  thorax  red ;  abdomen  black,  the 
posterior  margins  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments  with  transverse 
bands  of  golden  pubescence  ;  the  ventral  carina  on  the  1st  segment 
emarginate  and  studded  with  golden  hairs ;  legs  for  the  greater 
part  red,  with  golden  pubescence. 

Hab.  Ceylon.     2  .  Length  13  mm. 

76  Mutilla  kauarae,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc  (4)  v,  1892, 
pp.  119, 134. 

9  Head  thorax,  and  abdomen  coarsely  punctured,  the  head 
anci  abdomen  pubescent,  the  punctui-es  on  the  thorax  running  into 
longitudinal  strias,  the  pronotum  anteriorly  widely  arched  or  sub- 
angular  the  median  segment  posteriorly  truncate,  the  truncation 
slightly  convex,  the  sides  of  the  thorax  deeply  emarginate,  smooth ; 
abdomen  broad,  not  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax  united.  Head, 
thorax,  and  legs  red,  abdomen  black;  the  head  and  a  broad  trans- 
verse band  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  abdominal 
segments  covered  with  dense  ferruginous  golden  pubescence ;  the 


MUTILLA. 


37 


apex  of  the  median  segment,  the  legs,  the  base  of  the  Ist 
abdominal  spginent,  and  the  posterior  margins  ot  the  3rd  and  apical 
segments  with  erect  golden  hairs,  the  vest  of  the  pubescence 
fuscous. 

Hah.  Ceylon.     ?  .  Lenxjtli  U  mm.    Type  in  coll.  llothney. 

77.  Mutilla  atomus,  Andre,  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Sue.  viii,  1893,  pp.  463, 
473,?. 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  punctured,  the  punctures 
close  on  the  thorax,  more  sparse  on  the  head  and  abdomen  ;  head 
orbicular,  eves  rather  small,  antennte  massive,  the  head  not  quite 
so  wide  as  the  thorax  ;  the  thorax  from  above  rectangular,  slightly 
compressed  in  the  middle,  obliquely  sloping  at  apex ;  abdomen 
with  the  apical  segment  longitudinally  finely  striate.  Head, 
thorax,  antennae,  and  legs  ferruginous  red ;  abdomen  black,  the 
2nd  and  following  segments  with  bands,  slightly  enlarged  in  the 
middle,  of  white  pubescence;  of  these  bands,  that  on  the  2nd 
segment  only  is  well-marked,  the  others  probably  through  attrition 
are  ill-defined. 

Hah.  Canara,  Bombay  Presidency.     ?  •  Lengili  3  mm. 

*78.  Mutilla  denticollis,  Motsch.  Bull.  Sac.  Nat.  Mosc.  xxxvi,  pt.  2, 
1863,  p.  22,  ?  . 

"  Opaque  with  a  granular  appearance,  sparsely  pubescent,  red, 
with  abdomen  acuminate,  blacif,  a  narrow  fascia  posteriorly,  and 
the  apex  with  a  little  white  pubescence,  1st  segment  broadly 
brown  in  the  middle :  antennas  and  legs  rufo-testaceous  ;  head 
round,  convex,  rugosely  punctured ;  eyes  large,  black,  not  very 
prominent  ;  thorax  very  little  wider  than  the  head,  elongate, 
rectangular,  rugose  with"  a  granular  appearance,  prominent,  the 
lateral  margins  with  six  teeth,  slightly  constricted  in  the  middle, 
the  lateral  angles  produced  ;  abdomen  conical,  densely  punctured  ; 
the  tibiae  pilose  and  furnished  posteriorly  with  four  long  spines." 

Hah.  Nuwara  Eliya,  Ceylon.    $  .  Lengili  2i  lines=about  6  mm. 

*79.  Mutilla  coromandelica,  Motsch.  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.'Mosc.  xxxvi,  pt.  2, 
18G3,  p.  23 ;  C'a??i.  Mem.  Manth.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  118. 

$  .  Closely  resembling  3L  denticollis,  Motsch.,  but  narrower, 
more  slender,  with  the  sides  of  the  thorax  not  dentate.  Coloration 
similar  to  M.  denticollis,  but  the  abdomen  without  the  brown  tint 
anteriorly. 

Hah.  Madura,  Southern  India.    Unknown  to  me. 

*80.  Mutilla  veda,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892, 
pp.  123,  1.30. 

2  .  Very  closely  allied  to  M.  serratvla,  Cam.  (p.  26) :  differs  in 
having  the  head  red,  and  in  having  a  spot  on  the  2nd  abdominal 
segment ;  the  pygidium  is  clothed  with  fulvous  hairs  ;  the  thorax 


38 


MUTILLIDJE. 


has  laterally  a  broad  tooth  roundly  mcised  at  the  apex,  the  sides  are 
not  contracted  nor  serrate,  only  waved,  and  the  median  segment  ia 
rounded, 

Hab.  Poona  (Wroughion).     $.  Lenc/th  5  mm.     Unknown  to 
me. 

*81.  Mutilla  pusilla,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  37,  ? . 

"  ?  .  Length  2  lines  (about  5  mm.).  Head,  thorax,  and  legs  ferru- 
ginous ;  head  about  the  same  width  as  the  thorax  and  strongly 
punctured.  Thorax  obloDg-quadrate,  roughly  punctured;  legs 
pale  rufo-testaceous,  the  femora,  tibicB,  and  joints  of  the  tarsi 
palest  towards  then-  bases  ;  the  legs  sprinkled  with  a  bright  glitter- 
ing silvery  white  pubescence  ;  the  calcaria  white.  Abdomen  black, 
the  extreme  base  and  apex  ferruginous ;  the  2nd  segment  having 
at  its  base  a  central  ovate  spot  of  golden  pubescence ;  its  apical 
margin  fringed  with  silvery  hairs,  also  a  spot  of  the  same  colour 
in  the  middle  of  the  following  segments ;  beneath,  the  margins  of 
the  segments  fringed  with  silvery  hairs." 

Hab.  Northern  India  (Smith). 

82.  Mutilla  lunarifasciata,  AjidrS,  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  yiii,  1893, 
pp.  466,  470,  ?  . 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomeu  closely  punctured,  the  punctures 
fine  on  the  head,  rather  coarser  on  the  t:.orax  and  base  of  the  2ncl 
abdominal  segment,  with  a  tendency  on  the  thorax  to  form  longi- 
tudinal striffi  ;  abdomen  densely  pubescent ;  head  orbicular,  strongly 
convex  in  front ;  thorax  irregularly  quadrangular,  strongly  convex 
above,  anteriorly  and  posteriorly  rounded,  the  sides  waved  at  the 
uDper  margius,  the  posterior  margm  denticulate,  with  a  sliort 
spine  in  the  middle.  Head  and  thorax  dark  reddish  terrugmous, 
the  scape  of  the  antennae  brownish,  the  flagellum  black;  the  .legs 
pale  ferruginous,  with  scattered  yellow  hairs  ;  abdomen  black,  with 
black  pubescence,  Isb  segment  nearly  covered  by  a  large  triangular 
spot,  extending  on  to  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment,  of  golden  yellow 
pubescence,  apical  margins  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments  with 
transverse  lunate  spots  of  the  same  pubescence,  and  the  apical 
secernent  with  a  few  yellow  hairs.. 

''Eab.  Colaba,  Bombay.     2  •  Length  7  mm. 

83.  Mutilla  puerilis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 

9  Head  broad,  subquadrate  above ;  eyes  rather  smaU,  subcircular, 
the  upper  part  slightly  narrowed  and  prolonged  upwards  and 
Sis  ;  Lad  coisely  and  rather  distantly,  t^^x  d^^^^^^ 
coarsely,  and  abdomen  iinely  punctured,  pubescen  ;  thorax  from 
above  oblong,  the  lateral  margins  lightly  creuulate,  the  sides 
Wrongly  eTc^'aVated,  smooth,  the^ex  rounded  ;  the  pronotum  in 

out  almost  transverse,  the  anterior  latera  angles  sli^ 
Head  and  thorax  red,  the  face  above  the  base  of  the  antenna. 


ilUTILLA. 


39 


sli'rhtly  fuscous;  abdomen  black  with  black  pubescence,  a  large 
central  spot  of  pale  golden  pubescence  on  the  apical  margins  of  the 
first  tbree  segments  above,  and  the  extreme  apex  of  the  abdomen 
clothed  with  white  hairs.  _      „  -r,  ^, 

Hah.  Ceylon.     $  .  Length  8  mm.    Type  m  coll.  Jiothney. 

*S4.  Mutilla  poonaensis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Sue.  (4)  v,  1892, 
pp.  121, 129. 

$  .  "  Head,  thorax,  and  base  of  abdomen  rufo-testaceous ;  abdo- 
men black,  with  a  purplish  gloss,  a  small  white  mark  on  the  second 
segment  near  the  base  and  a  baud  on  its  apex  glistening  white. 
Anteunaj  of  moderate  length,  stout,  the  third  joint  not  much 
longer  than  the  fourth.  Head  a  little  broader  than  the  thorax, 
closely  and  coarsely  punctured,  covered  with  white  gUstening  hairs  ; 
the  antennal  tubercles  impunctate ;  eyes  large,  oblong,  reaching 
quite  close  to  the  head.  Thorax  much  more  closely  punctiu-ed 
than  the  head ;  the  prothorax  rounded  in  front ;  the  median 
segment  with  a  gradual  rounded  slope  to  the  apex,  coarsely  punc- 
tured ;  mesopleurae  shining,  impunctate  ;  the  thorax  covered  with 
longish,  fuscous  to  ghstening  white  hairs.  Abdomen  subpetiolate, 
naiTOwed  at  the  base ;  pygidium  impunctate,  covered  with  long 
fuscous  and  white  hairs.  '  Legs  covered  with  long  white  hairs  ; 
the  calcaria  white.  The  sides  of  the  thorax  slightly  narrowed 
from  base  to  apex. 

"  Eab.  Poena  (  Wroughton).     $  .  Lenc/th  6  mm."    Unknown  to 

me. 

*85.  Mutilla  rufiventris.  Smith,  Cat.  ill,  p.  36  ;  Catn.  Me7n.  Manch.  L. 
Fh.  Soc.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  121. 

2  .  "  Head,  thorax,  and  legs  ferruginous  ;  head  subovate,  rather 
wider  than  the  thorax,  sparingly  and  finely  punctured,  antennaj 
ferruginous.  Thorax  oblong,  longitudinally  rugose;  legs  rufo- 
testaceous,  varying  in  depth  of  colour  and  having  a  sparing 
glittering  white  pubescence.  Abdomen,  the  basal  segment  has  an 
ovate  spot  in  the  middle  of  its  apical  margin,  and  in  the  middle  of 
the  apical  margins  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments  is  a  half-circular 
spot  of  silvery  white  pubescence;  the  entire  abdomen  thinly 
sprinkled  with  long  white  hairs ;  the  extreme  apex  of  the  abdomen 
as  well  as  beneath  ferruginous. 

"  Hah.  India  {coll.  W.  W.  Saunders,  Esq.)."  ?  .  Length  2-3  lines 
=about  4-.5-7  mm. 

86.  Mutilla  auropalliata,  Andrd,  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc  viii,  1893, 
pp.  467,  482,  $ . 

2 .  Head,  thorax,  and  basal  two  segments  of  the  abdomen 
coarsely  punctured,  the  head  and  the  anterior  two-thirds  of  the 
thorax  above  densely  pubescent,  the  pubescence  hiding  the  sculp- 
turing ;  head  orbicular,  convex  in  front,  about  as  broad  as  the 
thorax ;  the  thorax  ovate,  somewhat  rounded  in  front,  narrowed 


40 


MUTIIjLIDjE, 


posteriorly,  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  much  narrowed, 
tiat  aud  somewhat  obliquely  truncate  anteriorly  and  constricted  at 
its  apical  margin.  Head,  thorax,  legs,  and  basal  segment  of 
abdomen  dark  red,  the  rest  of  the  abdomen  black  with  black 
pubescence,  the  red  colour  on  the  head  and  anterior  two-thirds  of 
the  thorax  above  covered  with  dense  matted  pale  gold  pubescence; 
the  basal  half  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  dark  red  iu  certain 
lights,  with  a  medial  round  spot  at  its  base  and  three  similar  sub- 
apical  spots  above  covered  with  silvery  pubescence. 
Hub.  Poona.     5  •  Length  8'5  mm. 

*87.  Mutilla  optima.  Smith,  Cat.  iii.  p.  34,  2 . 

$  .  "  Length  3  Hues  ( =  7  millim.).  Head,  thorax,  and  legs  ferru- 
ginous ;  the  pubescence  on  the  face  silvery,  that  on  the  vertex 
gold-coloured ;  tips  of  the  mandibles  piceous.  Thorax  subovate, 
narrowed  behind,  thinly  sprinkled  with  golden  hairs,  aud  having 
at  the  sides  a  few  long  black  and  also  a  few  white  ones  ;  the  legs 
have  a  glittering  silvery  pubescence ;  the  spines  which  arm  the 
intermediate  and  posterior  tibise  externally,  and  also  those  at  the 
upex  of  the  joints  of  the  tarsi,  black;  the  calcaria  pale  testaceous. 
A-bdomen  black ;  the  basal  joint  red,  and  having  a  spot  above,  a 
second  ovate  spot  at  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment  and  a  third  at 
its  apex  in  the  middle,  and  a  larger  one  at  each  side,  of  bright 
guttering  silvery  pubescence ;  the  3rd  segment  has  a  central  spot 
of  the  same  colour  and  brilliancy ;  beneath  rufo-piceous  at  the 
base,  and  having  the  apical  margins  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments 
fringed  with  silvery  white  pubescence." 

Ilab.  India  {Smith). 

*88.  Mutilla  pulchriventris,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc  (4)  v, 

1892,  pp.  121, 127. 

2  .  "  Head  and  antennaj  red,  the  latter  covered  on  the  top  thickly 
with  pale  golden  pubescence,  hiding  the  ground-colour;  thorax 
dull  red  ;  abdomen,  a  small  spot  longer  than  broad  at  the  base  and 
two  broader  than  long  on  the  apex  of  the  2nd  segment,  white ; 
legs  red,  the  femora  and  tibiae  more  or  less  purple.  Head  wider 
than  the  thorax  ;  eyes  large,  oval,  reaching  quite  close  to  the  top  of 
the  head  ....  Thorax  elongate,  rounded  at  the  base  and  apex, 
concave  near  the  middle,  distinctly  narrowed  towards  the  apex, 
above  coarsely  punctured  ;  the  median  seguient  with  the  punctures 
larger,  deeper,  rounder,  and  more  widely  separated ;  pleurae  coppery, 
the  meso  covered  thickly  with  white  hair ;  the  mesonotum  with 
long  black  hair,  and  with  a  short  white  glistening  sparse  pubes- 
cence Abdomen  oval,  wider  than  the  thorax,  narrowed  at  base 
and  apex,  closely  punctured  and  bearing  long  black  hairs  ;  pygi- 
diam  impunctate,  from  the  apex  of  the  penultimate  segment  spring 
two  masses  of  white  hair.  Legs  covered  with  pale  hair  ;  there  are 
three  rows  of  tibial  spines,  the  calcaria  white. 

Hab.  Poona  {Wroughtoyi).    Length  9  mm."    Unknown  to  me. 


41 


89  Mutilla  metallica,  Cam.  Mem.  Maneh.  L.  Fh.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892, 
pp.  120,  128.  ' 
0  Closely  allied  to  M.  regia.  Smith ;  differs  in  the  head  and 
thora"x  bein/so>newhat  more  coarsely  punctured,  the  pronotum 
anteriorly  and  the  n.edian  segment  posteriorly  more  rounded,  and 
thrbasal  sec^mentof  the  abcbmen  narrowed  at  base  almost  into 
a  short  petiole.  Head  and  thorax  of  a  darker  red  than  mM.  regra, 
Jhe  head' above  and  in  front  with  glistening  go  den  pubescence; 
abdomen  deep  ca3rulean  blue,  a  spot  at  the  base  ot  the 
secernent,  two  spots  in  the  middle  at  its  margin,  and  two  sma  ler 
spots  laterally  at  the  base  of  the  4th  segment,  of  white  pubes- 
cence. 

Eab.  Trincomali,  Ceylon.     $  .  Length  b  mm. 

90.  Mutilla  perelegans,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 

9  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  rugosely  punctured,  the  punctures 
lar^e  deep,  oblong,  and  almost  confluent  m  places  on  the  head, 
hoi,  and  sides  ^of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment ;  the  head  a  d 
thorax  with  a  thin  covering  of  erect  stiff  hairs ;  the  ^^des  o  the 
thorax  excavated  above  the  intermediate  and  above  and  a  little 
behind  the  anterior  coxa3,  with  a  strong  keel  between  the  excavated 
portions,  these  latter  smooth.  Head  and  thorax  red,  the  erect 
stiff  hairs  black,  the  pubescence  beneath  and  on  the  legs  glittering 
golden  yellow;  abdomen  black,  with  black  pubescence,  a  median 
circular  spot  of  ferruginous  pubescence  close  to  the  base  of  the 
2Dd  segment  above,  and  a  lateral  oblong  spot  of  golden  pubescence 
at  its  posterior  margin,  3rd  segment  above  entirely  covered  with 

srolden  pubescence.  .    •    i   „ 

6 .  Similar,  but  the  median  segment  posteriorly  emai- 
ginate,  the  sides  prolonged  backwards  into  conical  well-marked 
tubercles  ;  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  wants  the  spot  of  ferruginous 
pubescence  at  base,  but  has  the  lateral  marginal  spots  nearly  meeting 
in  the  centre  above,  and  the  4th  as  well  as  the  3rd  segment  is 
clothed  with  golden  pubescence ;  \^'ing  dark  fuscous,  hyaline  at 

^^%ib  Western  and  Southern  India ;  Tenasserim.  2  .  Length 
12  mm.     6  .  Length  17 ;  exp.  21  mm.    Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 

91.  Mutilla  pulclirtua,  S7nith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  34,  2  . 

2  Head  and  thorax  coarsely  cribrate,  with  a  few  scattered 
haire";  eves  small,  nearly  round  ;  thorax  rectangular,  more  rounded 
in  front  than  posteriorly,  the  sides  slightly  excavate  with  two 
blunt  proiections  along  the  upper  margin,  from  each  ot  which  an 
oblique  carina  crosses  the  pleurae ;  abdomen  coarsely  pu"ctared ; 
the  1st  2nd,  5th,  and  following  segments  with  sparse,  and  the  3rd 
and  4th  with  dense  pubescence;  the  1st  ventral  segment  strongly 
carinated  down  t"he  middle.  Head,  thorax,  and  legs  dark  purplish 
red  ;  abdomen  black,  with  black  pubescence,  the  pubescence  on  the 
3rd  and  4th  segments  rich  golden  yellow. 


t 


42  MUTILLIDiE. 

d"  similar,  with  similar  pubescence ;  the  median  segment  short, 
reticulate,  the  sides  produced  back  into  long  sharp  tubercles. 
Head,  thorax  in  front,  and  the  legs  red;  median  segment  and 
abdomen  black  ;  an  additional  band  of  yellow  pubescence  on  the 
apical  margin  of  the  2ud  segment ;  wings  clear  hyaline  at  base, 
fuscous  beyond  the  basal  nervure  in  the  fore  and  the  anal  cell  in 
the  hind  wing. 

Hah.  Madras.    $.  Length  VJ  vam.    S.  Len(jthl5;  e.-t7j/9.  28  mm. 

92.  Mutilla  taylori,  Andre,  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Sac.  viii,  1893,  pp.  467, 

409,  2, 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  coarsely  punctured  and  sparsely  covered 
with  erect  hairs,  abdomen  more  densely  pubescent ;  head  nearly 
as  wide  as  the  thorax,  orbicular ;  thorax  rectangular,  the  sides 
parallel,  irregularly  denticulate ;  posterior  margin  transverse, 
denticulate  above,  with  the  middle  tooth  produced  into  a  spine ; 
sides  of  the  thorax  smooth,  posteriorly  shining,  finely  and  closely 
punctured ;  2nd  abdouiinal  segment  densely  punctured.  Head 
brown,  the  front  and  vertex  and  the  thorax  red ;  scape  of  the 
antennae  and  the  basal  joint  of  the  flagellum,  and  the  legs  obscurely 
red  ;  abdomen  black,  an  oval  spot  in  the  middle  of  the  1st,  a  semi- 
circular one  at  the  apical  margin  of  the  2nd,  and  a  smaller  one  at 
the  apical  margin  of  the  3rd  segment,  of  white  pubescence. 

Hah.  Orissa  (Taylor).    Length  5  mm. 

93.  Mutilla  argentipes,  Sjnith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  31,  $ . 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  basal  two  abdominal  segments  coarsely 
reticulate  punctate,  the  rest  of  the  abdomen  less  coarsely  punctured ; 
head  small,  orbicular,  not  nearly  so  -wide  as  the  tborax ;  thorax 
much  broader  in  front  tlian  posteriorly,  anteriorly  rounded,  pos- 
teriorly  roundly  truncate,  with  an  acute  prominent  tubercle  on 
each  side  before  the  middle;  abdomen  petiolate,  basal  segment 
short,  campanulate,  its  posterior  margin  much  depressed  below  the 
roundly  truncate  anterior  margin  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment. 
Obscurely  fuscous  brown,  with  sparse  fuscous  pubescence,  the 
thorax  gradually  changing  into  ferruginous  posteriorly  and  covered 
with  sparse  short  golden  pubescence;  basal  two-thirds  of  the  2nd 
abdominal  segment  also  ferruginous,  with  golden  pubescence ;  a 
large  round  spot  on  the  head,  a  spot  in  the  middle  of  the  2nd 
abdominal  segment,  and  a  spot  on  each  side  near  the  apical  margin, 
also  a  smaller  round  spot  in  the  middle  of  each  of  the  following  three 
segments,  covered  with  silvery  white  pubescence ;  legs  black,  with 
a  little  silvery  pubescence  above. 

Hah.  Bombay.     $  .  Length  9-12  mm. 

94.  Mutilla  opulenta.  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  34,  c?  • 

cJ.  Head  coarsely  punctured,  densely  pubescent  above  and  on 
the  front,  a  hollow  on  each  side  of  the  base  of  the  antenna)  leading 


43 

MUTILLA. 


to  the  clvpeus,  the  depression  and  the  clypeus  smooth  and  shming 
and  weuC  V  the  pkne  of  the  front  above  the  anterina. ;  horax 
coar  eS  and  elosely  punctured  and  densely  pubescent  :  the  scutellum 
J^th  the  sides  rai/ed  obliquely  and  forming  a  tubercle  at  the  apex  ; 
median  segm^  above  wide,  Oat,  transversely  truncate  posteriorly 
tTe  s"des  emarginate;  abdomen  coarsely  punctured,  the  apical 
margins  of  all  tL  segments  ato  and  of  the  apical  six  beneath 
3trausverse  densely  pubescent  bands.  B  ack,  the  base  o  he 
mandibles,  the  clypeus,  the  scape  ot  the  antenn^,  ^gul^e  t^^ 
wings,  the  legs,  and  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  chestnut- 
the  pubescence  rich  chrome-yellow,  on  the  ^eut.eUum  and 
apical  two  abdominal  seg.nents  rufo-fuscous ;  wmgs  clear  hyahne  • 
af  base,  fuscous  suffused  with  purplish  beyond  the  basal  nervure 
in  the  fore,  and  the  anal  cell  in  the  hind  wing. 

Hah.  India  {Smith).     S  ■  Length  17  ;  exp.  28  ram. 

95  Mutilla  schlettereri,  Maffr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2')  xli,  1892, 
p.  230,  d . 

d    Head  and  front  longitudinally  finely  striate,  with  a  narrow 
impressed  line  from  the  anterior  ocellus  to 
between  the  bases  of  the  antennse;  thorax 
rugosely  punctm-ed,  the  punctures  on  the 
scutellum  fine  and   delicate;   the  median 
segment  rounded  posteriorly,  with  a  steep 
slope,   narrowed   towards  the    apex  and 
delicately  reticulate;  abdomen  very  finely 
punctured.    Black,  covered   with  a  thin, 
short,  erect,  silvery  pubesence,  the  posterior 
half,   sometimes   the   whole,   of  the  1st 
abdominal  segment  and  the  2nd  and  3rd 
Fig.  b.—Mufilla        segments    red,   the    pubescence  forming 
schlettereri,  S .   \.      transverse,  somewhat  ill-defined  bands  on  the 
apical  margins  of  the  4th  and  5th  segments  above;  wings  light 
fusco-hyaline,  clearer  towards  the  base ;  the  tegulse  very  large, 
lamellar,  and  testaceous  along  their  outer  margins. 

Hah.  Karen  Hills,  Burma ;  Sikhim,  1000  ft.    d  .  Length  11-12 ; 
e.vp.  24  mm.    A  very  distinct  species. 

96.  Mutilla  stepliani,  Magr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xii,  1892, 
p.  227,  d. 

d.  Head,  the  vertex  minutely  rugose  punctate;  mesonotum 
above  coarsely  and  deeply  punctured,  bearing  four  longitudinal, 
parallel,  more  or  less  distinctly  marked  and  broad  lines,  with  also 
a  medial  carina  ;  median  segment  widely  reticulate,  with  a  central 
longitudinal  furrow  at  base;  abdominal  segments  sparsely  and 
minutely  punctured,  the  basal  three  shining,  the  second  bearing  a 
prominent  transversely  compressed  gibbosity  above,  the  ventral 
carina  on  the  basal  segment  barely  projecting,  sublinear ;  the 


44 


MUTILLID^, 


pleur£e,  legs,  and  part  of  the  margins  of  the  ventral  segments  of 
the  abdomen  with  yellowisli-grey  pile. 
Black,  the  basal  three  segments  widely 
rufo-ferruginoiis ;  bead  in  front,  cheeks, 
and  clypeus  covered  with  silvery,  the 
vertex  with  golden  pile  ;  the  pronotum  on 
its  posterior  margin  widely,  the  base  of  the 
median  segment  and  submarginal  fascias  on 
the  3rd  and  4tb  abdominal  segments 
clothed  with  pale  golden-yellow  pile  ;  wngs 
smoky  violaceous,  the  base  hyaline;  the 
tegiilfE  broad,  nigro-piceous. 

liah.   Karen  Hills,  Burma,     c? .  Length 
12-16  mm. 


Fig.  Q.—MutiUa 
siephani,  J.  ^. 


97.  Mutilla  analis,  Lepel.  Hym.  ill,  p.  630 ;  Bad.  Sc  Sich.  Hor.  Soc.  Ent. 

JRoss.  vi,  1869,  p.  284;  Maffi:  Ann.  Mm.  Civ.  Gen.  (2*)  xii,  1892, 
p.  222. 

d .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pubescent,  the  pubescence  on 
the  median  segment  dense,  short,  and  matted  ;  head  above  shining, 
finely  punctured;  mesonotum  strongly  punctured,  rugose,  with 
longitudinal  cariuje ;  scutellum  tuberculate,  not  so  prominently  as 
in  M.  dimidiata ;  median  segment  reticulate,  roundly  truncate 
posteriorly,  with  a  central  longitudinal  and  two  lateral  outwardly 
divergent  short  carinse  at  base ;  abdomen  above  sparsely  punctured, 
the  punctures  shallow.  Black,  the  pubescence  silvery,  the  basal 
four  segments  of  the  abdomen  red,  the  base  of  the  1st  segment 
fuscous  black ;  wings  dark  fusco-hyaline,  clearer  towards  their 
base. 

Bab.  Bengal;  Kumaun ;  Delhi;  Allahabad;  Madras;  Pegu 
Hills,  Lower  Burma  ;  Bhamo,  Upper  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ;  Ceylon, 
c?  .  Length  11-13  ;  ex/j.  26-28  mm. 

98.  Mutilla  suhanalis,  Map:  Ann.  Mm.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xii,  1892, 

p.  223,  6. 

<S  .  Head  and  thorax  coarsely,  abdomen  sparsely  punctured  and 
shining  ;  head,  on  the  face,  front  and  vertex,  the  pronotum,  the 
mesopleura3,  and  the  median  segment  above  densely,  the  scutelluiu 
and  legs  less  densely  pubescent ;  the  front  between  the  antennae 
furnished  with  a  short  spinous  process  ;  posterior  margin  of  the 
pronotum  slightly  arched  ;  mesonotum  with  two  parallel  longi- 
tudinal shallow  furrows,  the  posterior  lateral  angles  slightly  raised 
and  prominent ;  scutellum  somewhat  raised  and  rounded ;  the 
tegula3  of  the  wing  large  and  dilated.  Black,  the  abdomen  rufo- 
ferruginous,  the  1st,  6th,  and  7th  segments  black ;  the  pubescence 
on  the  head  and  thorax  silvery  grey,  darker  on  the  scutellum  and 
legs  ;  on  the  first  five  abdominal  segments  it  is  fulvous,  deepemng 
to  golden  yellow  on  their  posterior  margins,  and  black  on  the 
apical  two  segments  ;  wings  light  fuscous,  their  base  hyaline,  the 


MUTILLA. 


45 


fore  wing  iridescent;  the  radial  cell  short,  the  apex  truncate, 
three  complete  cubital  cells  not  extending  beyond  the  apex  of  the 
radial  cell. 

Hah.  Upper  Burma.     6  ■  Length  9-10  ;  exp.  21  mm. 

99.  Mutilla  tornatorei,  Magr.  Ann,  Mm.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xii,  1892, 

p.  230,  d- 

d .  Eesembles  M.  anaUs,  Lepel.,  but  is  a  stouter-built  insect, 
with  the  head  and  thorax  more  punctured  and  rugose,  the  median 
seo-ment  with  wider  coarser  reticulations,  and  the  sparse  puncturing 
on^the  abdomen  confined  to  the  basal  two  segments,  rest  of  the 
segments  smooth  and  shining.  Black,  the  2nd,  3rd,  and  4th  abdo- 
minal segments,  and  apical  two-thirds  of  the  5th  above  red ;  wings 
dark  fuscous,  clearer  and  hyaline  towards  base 

Hab.  Eangoon  district.  Lower  Burma,  c?  •  Length  12 ;  exy. 
26  mm. 

100.  Mutilla  pilosella,  Mayr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xii,  1892, 

p.  220,  d . 

cJ  .  Head  and  thorax  coarsely  rugose  punctate ;  inner  orbits  of 
the  eyes  triangularly  emarginate ;  posterior  uiai'gin  of  the  pro- 
notum  obtusely  arc-hed  ;  mesonotum  above  longitudinally  bisulcate ; 
scutellum  raised,  prominent,  its  apex  obtuse ;  tegulse  of  the  wings 
large  and  shining :  abdomen  smooth  and  shining.  Black ;  head, 
thorax,  and  legs  clothed  with  a  dense  white  pubescent  pile  ;  the  first 
five  abdominal  segments  red,  covered  with  white  and  yellow  pile  ; 
wings  with  more  than  the  apical  half  fuscous,  the  base  subhyaline, 
the  fore  wing  with  three  complete  cubital  cells,  the  radial  cell 
lanceolate,  its  apex  slightly  rounded ;  tegulae  piceous. 

Eab.  Upper  Burma.     6  .  Length  10  ;  exp.  22  mm. 

101.  Mutilla  unifasciata,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  38,  S  ■ 

c?  .  Head  and  thorax  anteriorly  closely  and  coarsely  punctured, 
the  punctures  running  into  reticulations  on  the  vertex  and  meso- 
notum, the  disc  of  the  latter  with  five  parallel  longitudinal  carinas ; 
scutellum  prominent,  raised ;  median  segment  depressed,  coarsely 
and  widely  reticulate,  shghtly  narrowed  posteriorly,  with  a  steep 
slope  to  the  apex,  and  three  central  parallel  longitudinal  carinaa 
from  base ;  the  whole  head  and  legs  covered  very  sparingly  with 
long  soft  hairs  ;  abdomen,  the  basal  two  segments  distantly  punc- 
tured and  very  slightly  pubescent,  the  3rd  segment  densely,  the 
remaining  segments  slightly  pubescent.  Black,  the  basal  two 
segments  bright  red,  the  pubescence  silvery  white,  on  the  apical 
four  segments  black  ;  wings  fuscous,  hyaline  at  base. 

Hah.  Northern  India  {Smith).     J  .  Length  16  ;  exp.  36  mm. 

102.  Mutilla  josepM,  Magr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2*)  xii,  1892, 

p.  228,  d. 

(S .  Vertex  of  the  head  shining,  scarcely  punctured,  the  front 


4(5  MUTILLIDJB. 

densely  pubescent;  pro-  and  mesonotum  and  disc  of  scutellum 
licrhtly  punctured,  sparsely  pubescent,  dense  y  so  on  the  ^r^^^P^  f 
the  pronotum  ;  median  segment  sparsely  pilose,  broadly  retieula  e 
and  punctured,  bearing  a  wide  lanceolate  iurrow  ;  the  d.^c  of  the 
mesonotum  with  two  longitudinally  impressed  lines;  the  basal 
and  2nd  segments  of  the  abdomen  above  shining,  somewha 
smooth  the  2ud  and  remaining  segments  densely  punctured 
Wath;  wings  dark  fuscous,  effulgent;  the  1st  ventral  segmen 
Taiiear,  somewhat  prominent  carina.  Black;  the  base  and 
anica  margin  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment,  and  more  than  half 
«i  base  abo  e  and  below  of  the  2nd,  with  the  apex  of  the  scape  ot 
t  e  antennse  and  the  tegula  of  the  wings  widely,  rufo-ierruginous  ; 
the  marZ  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment,  and  wide  fasciae  on  the 
3rd  and  4th  segments  covered  with  golden  pubescence,  the  ap.ca 
Lgments  with  black  pubescence ;  the  pubescence  on  the  head  and 

''S.'Sn  Hills,  Burma.     6  •  Len.tn  1 2  ;  e.p.  26  mm. 

103  MutiUa  grihodoi,  Magr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2')  xii,  1692, 
p.  229,  c?. 

^  Head  pro-  and  mesonotum,  and  scutellum  coarsely  and 
densely  punctate,  the  punctures  running  into  reticulations  ;  the 
lutellum  somewhat  raised  and  gibbous  ;  the  mesonotum  with  two 
WleHmp^  lines,  postscutellum  rugose,  substriolate ;  median 
LgS  w  th  a  lanceolate  furrow  above,  but  on  account  of  he 
segment,  witu       i-  .  •  _„i„i,„i,ie  •  the  ventral  carina  on  the  1st 

S  th  it  s omeaX^dely,  r„to-terrugmo,,,,  often  ent.rely  bl.ck 
12  mm. 

104  MutiUa  handlirsclii,  Magr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2J  xii,  1892, 
p.  227,  d  • 

^    Vertex  of  the  head  opaque,  sparsely  pubescent ;  pronotum 
„i„g.  ligU  fu-o^jf  rlt*.  sparsely 


47 


gibbous.    Black,  the  basal  two  and  base  of  the  Srd  abdommal 
segment  red,  the  pubescence  griseous. 
Hah.  Karen  Hills.     6  •  Length  5  mm. 

105  Mutilla  emergenda,  Magr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xii,  189:3, 
p.  22:2,  c?. 

The  front  near  tlie  base  of  the  antennse  mcrassate  and 
nroiecting;  the  vertex  of  the  head  punctured ;  pronotum  opaque 
reticulate  and  rugose;  mesonotum  above  shining,  coarsely  and 
deeply  punctured,  bearing  two  deep  parallel  long.tudLual  furrows  ; 
the  median  dorsal  line  slightly  raised,  the  two  lateral  ones  obso- 
letely  marked;  scutellum  raised,  prominent,  obscurely  spined, 
coarsely  punctured,  its  apex  smooth  and  shining,  obliquely  trun- 
cate;  the  posterior  lateral  angles  of  the  mesonotum  at  apex 
sli-htly  raised  and  prominent;  tegulse  of  the  wings  large  bell- 
shaped.  Black,  head  in  front,  cheeks,  pronotum,  the  mesopleurm 
and  the  legs  with  long  and  sparse,  and  the  metanotum  with  short 
and  dense  silvery  white  pubescence  ;  1st  abdominal  segment  black, 
shining,  and  smooth,  sparsely  and  coarsely  punctured  at  wide 
intervals,  its  posterior  margin  ferruglnons,  with  "'I'ite  Pubescence ; 
2nd-5th  segments  rufo-ferruginous,  the  apical  half  of  the  5th  black, 
with  white  pubescence;  apical  two  segments  black,  with  black 
pubescence  ;  wings  obscurely  fusco-violaceous,  the  fore  wmg  with 
three  complete  cubital  cells. 

ffab.  Upper  Burma.     6  ■  Length  12  mm. 


106  Mutilla  indostana,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  33 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch 
L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  119. 

c? .  Head  somewhat  finely,  thorax  more  coarsely  punctured  and 
rugose  ;  mesonotum  convex,  broad,  with  three  longitudinal  parallel 
carina  ;  scutellum  tuberculate,  rising  to  an  acute  point  posteriorly  : 
median  segment  flattish  above,  depressed  below  the  level  of  the 
postscutellum,  broad  and  somewhat  square,  sharply  but  obliquely 
truncate  posteriorly,  the  whole  surface  coarsely  reticulate,  a  medial 
broad  line  from  base  above,  not  reaching  the  verge  of  the  truncation, 
smooth,  bordered  by  parallel  carinte ;  abdomen,  the  basal  two 
segments  rather  coarsely,  the  remainder  more  finely  punctured. 
Black,  the  2nd-5th  segments  of  the  abdomen  red;  the  head, 
thorax,  median  segment,  legs,  base  and  apex  of  the  abdomen 
studded  with  black,  the  2nd-5th  segments  with  glittering  golden 
yellow  hairs  ;  wings  very  dark  fuscous  with  a  purple  effulgence. 

ffab.  India;  Cejlon  (Terhury).    c?  .  Length  21  ;  exj).  43  mux. 

107.  Mutilla  emeryi,  Mac/r.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2')  xii,  1892, 
p.  22.5,  d . 

cJ .  Head  on  the  vertex  punctured,  the  inner  margin  of  the  eyes 
with  a  sinus  ;  the  front,  clypeus,  cheeks,  and  scape  of  the  antenna 
densely,  and  the  mandibles  sparsely  pubescent,  the  pubescence  on 


48  MUTILLIDJE. 


the  mandibles  long ;  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum  obtusely 
arched,  with  a  wide  pubescent  fascia ;  mesopleuraB  densely,  the 
legs  sparsely  pubescent ;  mesonotum  coarsely  punctured  above, 
the  disc  with  a  median  longitudinal  carina,  and  other  parallel 
carina},  two  on  each  side,  the  outer  ones  short,  the  posterior 
lateral    angles   subprominent ;   the  tegulse  large,  campanulate ; 
scutellum  slightly  elevated,  reticulate;  the  anterior  half  of  the 
median  segment  above  densely  pubescent,  hiding  the  sculpture  of 
the  surface  ;  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  minutely  and  sparsely 
punctured,  pubescent;  the  ventral  anal  segment  with  a  round 
concave  impressed  mark,  and  close  to  the  apex  two  curved  spines. 
Black,  the  abdomen  rufo-ferruginous,  the  base  of  the  1st,  the  apex 
of  the  6th,  and  the  whole  of  the  apical  segment  black;  the  pub- 
escence on  the  head  white,  on  the  thorax  fulvous  white,  and  on  the 
abdomen  griseous,  with  the  margins  of  the  segments  golden  ;  the 
anal  segment  with  a  little  reddish  hair ;  the  calcana  of  the  tibiae 
white,  the  spines  on  the  tarsi  ferruginous;  the  wings  fuscous, 
lightly  suffused  with  purplish  effulgence,  the  radial  cell  lanceolate, 
the  apex  truncate,  and  three  complete  cubital  cells  not  extending 
beyond  the  apex  of  the  radial  cell. 

Bob.  Bhamo,  Upper  Burma.     6  ■  Length  15 ;  exp.  31  mm. 

108.  Mutilla  exiloides,  Magr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2°)  xii,  1892, 

p.  232,  c?. 

cJ  .  Head,  viewed  from  the  front,  subtriangular  above,  flat  and 
sloping  backwards,  longitudinally  finely  striate;  thorax  densely 
punctured  and  rugose,  median  segment  somewhat  coarsely  reticu- 
late •  abdomen  elongate,  slender,  fusiform,  the  bases  of  the  seg- 
ments sparsely  punctured  and  shining.  Jet-black,  covered  more 
or  less  densely  with  silvery  white  pubescence,  which  forms  dense 
silvery  trausverse  bands  on  the  basal  four  abdominal  segments 
above ;  the  apical  three  segments  with  black  pubescence ;  wings 
fuscous  with  a  purple  effulgence,  hyaline  at  base. 

Hab.  Karen  Hills,  Burma.     6  ■  Length  12  ;  ex2?.  25  mm. 

109.  Mutilla  circumscribenda,  Magr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xn, 

1892,  p.  233,  S- 

cJ  Extremely  close  to  M.  exiloides,  of  which  it  may  be  only  a 
lareer  form.  The  head  is  not  so  prominently  subtriangular,  pro- 
duced backwards  ;  the  abdomen  is  not  so  slender,  and  the  basal 
three  (not  four)  segments  only  are  banded  with  sdvery  white 

Hob.  Karen  Hills,  Burma.     6  .  Length  14-15  ;  exp.  28  mm. 

110   Mutilla  discreta,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  -Soc.  xli  (1897). 
Ma  nigra,  Eingh.  {neo  Smith)  A.  M.  N.  E.  (6)  xvi,  189o,  p.  440. 
^    Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pubescent ;  head  and  pronotum 
finely  and   closely,   mesonotum,   scutellum,  and  postscutelhim 
coiselyrand  abdomen  somewhat  more  fine  y  and  distantly  punc- 
tS ;  the  median  segment  posterioriy  rounded,  with  a  steep  slope, 


MUTILLA. 


the  junctures  on  the  middle  above  very  large  coarse,  and  almost 
Ct  the'^cutelhim  prominent,  the  tegulaj  large  ;  the  meso- 
'"fT  aboJe  the  tegul^e:  longitudinally  and  broadly  grooved. 
XT  tSe  iubesc' nce^vhile  and  glittering,  forming  narrow  bands 
Tr  W'og  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the  first  four  abclomn.al 
segments  ;  wings  fuscous,  hyaline  at  base,  nervures  dark  brown, 

tegulje  black Burma;  Tenasserim,  and  the  Malayan  region  as 
fart  the  Philippines.    Lenrjtk  11-12;  e.p.  22-23  mm. 

111  MutiUa  cariana,  Maffr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2')  xii,  1892, 

p.  231,  cJ- 

^  Head  and  thorax  somewhat  coarsely  punctured  and  rugose ; 
median  segment  rounded,  reticulate  posteriorly ;  abdomen  finely 
punctured  and  shining ;  scutellum  produced  posteriorly,  transverse, 
with  a  dentate  process  at  the  lateral  angles.  Black,  the  scape 
and  1st  joint  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennoe  rufescent,  the  thorax 
red;  abdomen  thinly  pubescent,  a  ti-ansverse  band  on  the  poste- 
rior margin  of  the  2nd  and  the  whole  of  the  3rd  segment  above 
covered  with  silvery  pubescence;  wings  hyahne  at  base,  light 
fuscous  for  three-fourths  of  their  length  towards  the  apex,  the 
costal  margin  of  the  fore  wing  darker  fuscous 

Hah.  Karen  Hills,  Burma.     6  ■  Length  9-5  ;  exp.  20  mm. 

112  Mulilla  antennata,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,p.  31,  d ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch. 

L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  116. 

cf .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  punctured,  the  abdomen  sparsely 
pubescent ;  head  subtriangular  above,  with  three  shallow  grooves 
down  the  front,  not  as  wide  as  the  thorax;  eyes  emargmate  ; 
thorax  transverse  anteriorly ;  tegulse  large,  rounded  posteriorly  ; 
median  segment  with  a  rounded  slope  at  the  back  and  a  central 
longitudinal  narrow  groove  bordered  by  a  carina  on  either  side. 
Head  and  abdomen  black,  thorax  red  ;  antennaj  fusco-ferruginous  ; 
tegulfe  pale  along  the  posterior  margins  ;  abdomen  with  the  seg- 
ments clothed  with  white  hairs,  in  some  specimens  forming  broad 
bands  on  the  apical  margins  of  the  first  three  segments  ;  legs  black  ; 
wings  hyaline,  broadly  fuscescent  along  their  apical  margins. 

Hah.  India  (Smith)  ;  Pegu  Hills,  Burma.  J  •  Length  10  ;  exi?. 
22  mm. 

113.  Mutilla  dilecta,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 

.  Closely  resembles  M.  antennata,  Smith,  of  which  it  may  be 
only  a  variety  :  differs  chiefly  in  having  the  median  segment  shorter, 
more  rounded  posteriorly  and  more  coarsely  reticulate,  in  the 
antenniB  being  slightly  thinner,  and  in  the  abdomen  being  more 
sparsely  punctured.  In  colour  it  differs  in  wanting  the  three 
transverse  bands  of  pale  golden  pubescence  on  the  abdomen,  and 
in  having  the  tegulse  black,  not  red. 

Hah.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.  cJ .  Length  8;  e.vj).  13  mm. 
Type  in  coll.  Kothney. 


VOL.  I. 


50 


MOTILLIDJE. 


114.  Mutilla  perversa,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 

d  .  Head  and  thorax  finely  punctured,  thinly  pubescent ;  median 
segment  coarsely  reticulate;  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  the 
pubescence,  especially  on  the  apical  four  segments,  longer  and 
closer  than  on  the  head  and  thorax  ;  the  scutellum  and  postscutel- 
lum  raised,  prominent,  and  coarsely  punctured.  Head  of  a  darlc 
obscure  reddish  black,  thorax  red,  abdomen  black,  the  pubescence 
cinereous  ;  wings  fusco-hyaline,  nervures  testaceous,  tegulse  red. 

Eab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.  J.  Length  5;  exp.  10  mm. 
Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 


*115.  Mutilla  miranda,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  33,  cJ- 

"  cJ.  Length  6  lines  (=  13-5  mm.).  Head  ferruginous,  nar- 
rower than  the  thorax ;  eyes  emarginate  :  antenna3  black.  The 
prothorax  and  mesothorax  ferruginous  ;  metathorax  and  thorax 
beneath  as  well  as  the  legs  black,  the  latter  clothed  with  pale 
glittering  pubescence ;  the  metathorax  broad,  produced  at  its 
lateral  angles  ;  the  wings  brown,  their  base  hyaline.  Abdomen 
black,  the  second  segment  having  on  each  side  a  large  spot  ot 
white  pubescence,  the  third  and  fourth  segments  ■  clothed  with 
white  pubescence." 

Hab.  India  {Smith). 


116.  Mutilla  provida.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Fh.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 

A  Head  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  rather  closely  punc- 
tured, thinly  pubescent,  the  punctures  on  the  mesonotum  coarser 
than  on  the  rest  of  the  body  ;  median  segment  rounded  posteriorly, 
with  a  steep  slope  to  the  apex,  coarsely  reticidate  above.  Black, 
the  prothorax  above  and  on  the  pleura,  and  the  mesonotum  red  ; 
the  pubescence  white;  the  wings  fusco-hyahne,  nervures  dark 
testaceous,  tegulte  red.  . 

Hab.  Bombay.     6-  Length  7;  exp.  13  mm.    Type  m  coll. 

Eothney 


KMDSS??;e3Ugoides,  Ma,r.  Ann.  Mus.  Ci..  Gen.  (2-)  xii, 
1892,  p.  234,  J. 

A  Head,  mesonotum,  scutellum,  postscutellnm,  and  abdomen 
somewhat  coarsely,  pronotum  finely  and  closely  punctm-ed  Head^ 
thorax  and  abdomen  more  or  less  pubescent;  head  ft-om  aboAe 
broad  flTttish,  almost  square;  mesonotum  with  two  abbreviated 
Lg  tutoal  furrows  bounded  by  fine  carina  on  each  side  ;  median 
segment  reticulate,  rounded  posteriorly ;  abdomen  with  the  1st 
im  nJ  narrowed  into  a  sort  of  petiole,  which  v-jed  sideways  is 
subanicallY  swollen  above  as  m  certain  forms  of  Social  \\  asps 
j5  r  B  ack,the  pro- and  mesonotum  and  pro-andmesopleura 
red   2e  pubescence  black,  the  transverse  bands  on  the  apical 


MUTILLA. 


51 


margin  of  the  petiole  and  following  two  segments  silvery  white ; 
wings  dark  fuscous  with  a  purple  effulgence. 

Hah.  Bhamo,  Upper  Burma";  Karen  Hills.     <3  •  Length  12-14; 
£7  mm. 

118.  Mutilla  rufo-dorsata,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 
cJ .  Head,  pronotum  in  front,  the  median  segment  above,  and 

basal  segment  of  abdomen  densely  pubescent ;  head  and  thorax 
closely  and  rather  coarsely,  and  abdomen  more  finely  punctured ; 
median  segment  short,  posteriorly  and  laterally  truncate;  the  inner 
orbits  of  the  eyes  above  notched,  making  the  eyes  almost  reniforra  ; 
head  broad,  nearly  transverse  posteriorly.  Black,  the  pubescence 
hoary  white ;  the  raesonotum  and  seutellum  dull  dark  red  ;  the 
abdomen  obscurely  dark  blue  :  wings  fuscous,  hyaline  at  base, 
nervures  dark  brown,  tegulse  black. 

Hab.  North-West  Provinces.  c?  •  Length  13;  exp.  24  mm. 
Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 

119.  Mutilla  yerburyi. 

Mutilla  yerburghi  *,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892, 
pp.  123,  1.36. 

.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  not  very  coarselv 
punctured,  pubescent ;  the  mesonotum  with  two  abbreviated  longi- 
tudinal parallel  grooves;  median  segment  short,  rounded  posteriorlv 
and  coarsely  reticulate  ;  ab.lomen  with  the  1st  segment  narrowed 
and  petiolate  at  base  and  slightly  constricted  at  apex.  Metallic 
blue,  the  pubescence  white  ;  the  antennae  and  tarsi  fuscous  black  ; 
wings  hyaline,  nervures  brown,  tegulffi  blue. 

Eab.  Trincomali,  Ceylon.     J.  Length  11  ;  e.vp.  IS  mm. 

120.  Mutilla  peiunculata,         Si/mb.  Phys.,  Ins.  dec.  l,no.  24,  pi.  5, 

fig.  10  ;  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  12. 

S  .  Head  sparsely  and  finely,  thorax  and  basal  two  segments  of 
the  abdomen  more  closely  and  coarsely  punctured,  the  apical  seg- 
ments smooth,  with  fine  long  soft  pubescence  ;  the  antennae  long, 
filiform;  the  vertex  raised,  with  a  deep  short  furrow  behind  each 
posterior  ocellus;  mesonotum  with  two  parallel  longitudinal  grooves ; 
median  segment  rounded  posteriorly,  rather  coarsely  reticulate  ; 
the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  at  base  narrowed  into  a  petiole, 
its  apical  margin  slightly  constricted.  Head,  thorax,  and  basal 
segment  of  abdomen  light  brownish  red,  antennae  and  legs  pale 
testaceous  red.  2nd  and  following  segments  of  the  abdomen  black, 
pubescence  whitish  ;  wings  hyaline,  the  apex  of  the  fore  wing  light 
fuscous,  nervures  pale  testaceous,  tegulse  red. 

Hah.  Arabia ;  Egypt ;  Western  India ;  Ceylon.  S  •  Length  10  ; 
e.vp.  11  mm. 


*  Owing  to  a  misapprehenaion,  I  fancy,  Mr.  Cameron  has  misspelt  Col. 
Yerbury's  name.    I  restore  the  true  spelling. 

B  2 


52 


Family  THYNNIDiE. 

The  iusecis  belonging  to  the  typical  genus  Thynnus  are  chiefly 
Australian,  none  being  found  within  our  limits.  The  males  of  all 
the  Thynnidce  are  winged,  the  females  apterous.  Two  Indian 
genera,' Jf(';Aocrt  and  Isivara,  are  related  to  Thynnus  and  are  classed 
o-enerally  in  the  family  Thynnidce.  Iswara  is  also  allied  in  form 
and  in  the  venation  of  the  wings  to  Myzine,  a  genus  of  the  Scoliidce. 

Head  in  female  small,  in  male  the  width  of  the  thorax  ;  thorax 
in  female  subrectangular,  constricted  posteriorly,  in  male  oval,  the 
pronotum  reaching  back  to  the  base  of  the  wings  ;  abdomen  more 
or  less  massive,  the  anal  segment  in  the  male  of  the  two  genera 
found  in  India  with  an  up-curved  spine. 

Key  to  the  Genera. 

a  Marffins  of  the  abdominal  segments  strongly  con- 
stricted in  the  male    Methoca,  p.  o2. 

h  Maro-ins  of  the  abdominal  segments  not  con- 
stricted in  the  male  .    ISWAHA,  p.  64. 


Genus  METHOCA. 

Methoca,  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  xiii,  p.  268,  5  (1805). 

M.itilla,  pt.,  Jurine,  Hym.  p.  266  (1807). 

Teuygra,  Latr.  Gen.  Crust,  et  Ins.  iv,  p.  116,  J  (1609;. 

Type,  M.  idhneumonoides,  Latr. 
Ranqe.  Both  hemispheres. 

2  "Head  subglobose ;  eyes  oval;  ocelh  m  a  triangle  on  the 
vertex ;  antenna  filiform,  inserted  low  down  just  above  base  of 

clypeus,  then-  bases  somewhat  widely 
separated,  the  flagellum  about  the  length 
of  the  thorax  ;  clypeus  subtriangular ; 
mandibles  curved.  Thorax  doubly  con- 
stricted, rounded  at  the  base  and  apex  ; 
legs  long  and  slender,  the  coxae  very 
robust ;  femora  subclavate  ;  the  tarsi 
elongate.    Abdomen  ovate,  petiolate. 

(5 .  Head  transverse,  broad,  flat  an- 
teriorly, convex  behind  ;  e.yes  prominent ; 
ocelli  large;  antennse  filiform,  the  scape  short,  the  pints  of  the 
flagellum  beyond  the  3rd  slightly  arched.  Thorax  elougate  oval 
sometimes  considerably  narrowed  posteriorly  ;  fore  wing  with  one 
radial  and  three  cubital  cells,  the  radial  cell  e  ongate,  the  ape.x 
nearly  reaching  the  apex  of  the  wing,  the  first  transverse  cubi  a 
nervine  faint,  in  some  specimens  almost  obsolete,  the  2nd  cubita 
cell  narrowed  towards  the  marginal,  the  3rd  cubital  cell  the  ongest 
and  narrowed  at  apex  towards  the  marginal;  legs  moderately 


Fig.  7. 
Methoca  smitlm,  S- 


MBTHOCA. 


53 


lono-  very  slender.  The  abdomen  elongate,  subdepressed  and  flat- 
tened above,  the  margins  of  the  segments  strongly  constricted ; 
anal  segment  with  an  up-curved  spine. 

So  far  the  female  of  only  one  species  has  been  recorded  from 
India.  A  key  to  the  males  of  the  three  known  Indian  species  is 
given. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

a.  Antennae  and  legs  black.  •   ^  ;•  kq 
a'.  Anterior  tibias  with  a  yellow  stripe  m  front .  .  M.  onentahs,  p.  53. 
b'.  Anterior  tibiiB  entirely  black   M-  smithn,  p.  5o. 

b.  Antenna;  red ;  legs  black  variegated  with  red  .  .  M.  rugosa,  p.  54. 

121.  Methoca  bicolor,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Sac.  xli  (1897). 

9  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining ;  the  face,  the 
sides  of  the  thorax,  the  legs,  and  abdomen  thinly  pubescent,  the  base 
of  the  scutellum  transversely  and  the  sides  obbquely  striate ;  the 
antenna  are  stout,  the  base  of  the  joints  constricted,  the  apical 
ioints  very  gradually  getting  thicker.  Eed,  the  head  black,  the 
basal  joints  of  the  antennEe  red  ;  the  legs  dark  castaneous,  almost 
black  vthe  2nd  and  following  segments  of  the  abdomen  black,  tne 
extreme  apex  rufescent.  . 

Eah.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.     $  .  Length  i  mm.    Type  in  coll. 

Rothney. 

*122.  Methoca  orientalis,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  66,  <S . 

"  J  .  Length  7  lines.  Black  ;  head  coarsely  punctured ;  the  base 
of  the  mandibles  yeUow  ;  the  clypeus  and  mandibles  covered  with 
long  cinereous  pubescence;  the  entire  insect  is  thinly  covered  with 
similar  pubescence,  which  is  most  dense  on  the  sides  of  the  meta- 
thorax  ;  the  thorax  strongly  punctured,  closely  so  on  the  metathorax, 
which  has  a  central  abbreviated  impressed  line  at  the  base ;  the 
anterior  tibite  have  a  vellow  stripe  in  front ;  the  calcaria  pale  tes- 
taceous, the  claws  ferruginous  ;  wings  fusco-hyaline,  the  nervures 
black.  Abdomen  black,  with  a  slight  metallic  lustre,  finely  and 
distantly  punctured,  the  margins  of  the  segments  constricted,  the 
extreme  lateral  margins  rufo-piceous." 

Hah.  Northern  India  {Smith).    Unknown  to  me. 

123.  Methoca  smitMi,  Magr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2')  xii,  1892, 
p.  259. 

Methoca  orientalis,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Sac.  1876,  p.  35,  d  (nec 
Smith,  Cat.  iii.  p.  66,  d)- 
(S .  Head,  mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  postscutellum  finely  and 
closely  punctured ;  pronotum  and  abdomen  smooth,  the  latter 
polished  and  shining  ;  clypeus  with  its  anterior  margin  waved,  and 
with  a  small  tubercle  at  base;  mesonotum  with  two  parallel 
impressed  lines  on  the  disc  and  transversely  striate  posteriorly ; 


54 


THYNNIDjE. 


median  segment  very  coarsely  rugose  ;  basal  segment  of  abdomen 
narrowed,  remainder  with  a  remarkably  deep  cousti'ictioii  between 
each  pair  above  and  below.  Black  ;  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen 
(the  abdomen  especially  beneath)  covered  with  a  thin  soft  hoary 
pubescence ;  autenujB  opaque,  dull  black,  very  massive  propor- 
tionately ;  legs  with  the  tibisa  and  tarsi  piceous  ;  wings  hyaline  and 
iridescent,  uervures  and  tegulaa  dark  testaceous. 

Hah.  Bengal;  Karen  Hills,  Burma ;  Teuasserim.  J.  Lencjihl ; 
exp.  12  mm.     $  unknown. 


124.  Methoca  rugosa,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 

cJ  .  Head  closely  and  coarsely  punctured ;  antennsE  incrassate, 
opaqne;  pronotum  transversely  striate,  with  a  broad  posterior 
smooth  margin;  mesonotum,  scutellum,  postscutellum,  and  median 
segment  coarsely  reticulate,  the  last  obliquely  but  sharply  truncate 
at  apex  ;  abdomen  smooth  and  shining  above,  sparsely  punctured 
at  the  sides,  the  margins  of  the  segments  with  deep  subapical 
transverse  constrictions.  Jet-black :  the  scape  and  basal  four 
joints  of  the  antennae,  the  trochanters,  femora,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  of 
the  anterior,  and  the  apex  of  the  femora,  with  the  underside. of  the 
tibiaj  of  the  intermediate  legs,  red;  a  little  pubescence  on  the 
underside  of  the  scape  of  the  antenna3,  and  the  apex  of  the 
mandibles  reddish  ;  wings  hyaline  for  nearly  half  then-  length  from 
base,  fuscous  beyond. 

Bab.  Ceylon.     6-  Lenrjih  16;  eccjy.  24  mm.     Type   in  coll. 

Eothney. 


Genus  ISWARA. 
Iswara,  Weshc.  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  (new  ser.)  i,  p.  232  (1851). 
Type,  I.  luieus,  Westw. 

liange.  India.  .  ^    •  i  i. 

Head  moderately  large;  eyes  with  the  inner  orbits  straight, 
barely  emarginate;    clvpeus  small,  bilobed;  labrum  concealed  ; 

mandibles  slender,  curved,  the  apex  acute  and 
with  a  small  tubercular  tooth  on  the  inside; 
labial  palpi  3-jointed,  the  joints  subequal ;  max- 
illary palpi  minute,  also  3-jointed,  the  basal  joint 
the  shortest,  the  2nd  longer,  its  apex  thickened  ; 
antennaj  long,  filiform,  13-joiated  in  the  male. 
Thorax  oblong,  subcylindrical,  the  pronotum 
laterally  reaching  up  to  the  base  of  the  wings  ; 
scutellum  quadrate,  postscutellum  transverse; 
median  segment  rounded,  bearing  an  impression 
on  either  side  ;  wings  of  moderate  size,  stigma 
large,  radial  cell  appendiculated ;  three  cubital 
cells,  2nd  subtriangular,  receiving  the  1st  recur- 
rent nervure,  3rd  subquadrate,  receiving  the  2nd  recurrent  nervure  ; 


Fig.  8. 

Iswara  luieus,  J . 


ISWABA. 


55 


le<.3  moderately  loug  aud  stout.  Abdomea  oval,  the  2iid  segment 
belxring  a  semicircular  impression  on  its  posterior  margin 

Ouly  males  are  known.    The  female  will  probably,  when  found, 
prove  to  be  apterous. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

a.  Abdomen   yellow,  with    ferruginous   transverse   ^^^^^^^  ^ 

b.  Abdom'en  black,"  with  white  ti-ansverse  bands  ....   fasciatus,  p.  55. 

125  Iswara  luteus,  Westw.  Tram.  Ent.  Soe.  1850,  p.  233,  d ,  pl-  vu, 
ligs.  5  &  5a-5/;  Smith,  Cat.  vii,  p.  65. 
S  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  shining,  with  sparse  scattered, 
fine,  shallow  punctures,  confined  on  the  abdomen  chiefly  to  the 
bases  of  the  segments;  head  nearly  as  wide  as  thorax,  subglobular,  the 
cheeks  not  much  developed;  eyes  remarkably  large ;  c  ypeus  con- 
vex, transversely  subovate ;  postscutellum  raised,  sbghtly  gibbous  ; 
median  segment  roundly  truncate  posteriorly  and  pubescent; 
abdomen  long,  narrow,  depressed  above,  subcylmdrieal  below. 
Head  black,  the  base  of  the  mandibles  aud  the  antennae  yellow ; 
the  thorax,  median  segment,  and  abdomen  pale  yellow  ;  a  stripe  on 
each  side  of  the  mesonotum  and  broad  transverse  bands,  widest  in 
the  middle,  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the  first  six  segments  of 
the  abdomen  pale  ferruginous ;  legs  whitish  yellow  ;  wings  lacteous 

hyaline.  ^      ,  ^  ^  „„ 

Hab.  Sind  ;  Western  India.     6  •  Length  15 ;  exp.  26  mm. 

*126.  Iswara  fasciatus,  Smith,  A.  M.  N.  S.  (4)  xii,  1873,  p.  253 ;  Cam. 
Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  137. 
.  "  Black,  variegated  with  yellow  and  white  spots  and  fascisa, 
with  the  legs  entirely  pale.  Head  black,  antennae  fulvous ;  the 
scape  in  front,  the  clypeus,  and  mandibles  yellowish  white,  the 
tips  of  the  hitter  ferruginous  ;  thorax  black  ;  the  prothorax,  a  large 
square  spot  tridentate  at  its  anterior  margin,  the  tegulie,  scutellum 
and  postscutellum,  a  large  subquadrate  macula  beneath  the  wings, 
and  the  legs  pale  yellow  ;  the  coxa)  and  femora  at  their  base  above 
more  or  less  fuscous ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  of  anterior  wing 
black,  those  of  the  posterior  fuscous  ;  abdomen  black,  1st  segment 
with  a  white  apical  fascia,  on  the  other  segments  it  is  basal,  broad, 
occupying  two-thirds  of  the  segments,  and  each  fascia  is  narrow 
in  the  middle,  being  angularly  incised  at  the  posterior  margin; 
beneath,  the  fasciaa  on  the  segments  are  deeply  incised  and  become 
oblong  divergent  maculas." 

Hab.  Sind  (Smith).    6  .  Length  6  lines=about  13  ram. 


56 


SCOLIIDjE, 


Family  SCOLllDiE. 

Possorial  "Wasps  of  varying  size,  none  miuute,  some  very  large ; 
bodies  heavy,  massive  in  the  female,  more  slender  in  the  male ;  man- 
dibles strongly  arched,  large  in  proportion,  aud  often  considerably 
wider  about  the  middle  than  at  the  base  ;  antennaj  in  female  short, 
coruute,  or  arched,  in  male  longer,  filiform  ;  eyes  either  emarginate 
or  simple  ;  ocelli  always  present,  in  a  triangle  on  the  vertex.  Thorax 
of  moderate  length,  the  posterior  angles  of  tbepronotum  prolonged 
back  to  the  base  of  the  wings ;  median  segment  equal  to  or  shorter 
than  the  mesonotum,  rounded,  truncate,  sometimes  emarginate  pos- 
teriorly ;  legs  short,  stout,  aud  (except  in  the  males  of  Tiphia  and 
Myzine)  more  or  less  densely  clothed  above  with  stiff  hairs  and 
spines ;  hitermediate  coxas  widely  separated  ;  intermediate  tibiae 
with  one  apical  spur  * ;  the  apex  of  the  posterior  legs  generally 
not  reaching  up  to  the  apex  of  the  abdomen  ;  wings  broad  and 
ample,  the  ueuration  in  certain  genera  stopping  at  a  considerable 
distance  from  the  apical  margin  of  the  wing  ;  fore  wing  with  one 
radial,  and  at  least  two  cubital  cells,  the  1st  discoidal  ceU  not 
particularly   lengthened,  always  shorter  than  the  medial  cell. 
Abdomen  generally  massive  and  long,  the  1st  ventral  segment 
always  separated  from  the  2nd  by  a  deep  constriction  or  furrow  ; 
the  apex  in  the  male  furnished  with  one  or  more  spines. 

Key  to  the  Genera. 

A.  Inner  orbits  of  the  eyes  not  emarginate  f. 

a  Fore  wing  with  two  cubital  cells    Tiphia,  p.  5b. 

b.  Fore  wing  with  three  cubital  cells   Myzinis,  p.  64. 

B.  inner  orbits  of  the  eyes  emargmate. 

a.  Fore  wiug  with  only  one  recm-rent  nervure    Scolia,  p.  /I. 

b.  Fore  wing  with  two  recmTent  nervures. 

a'  The  recm-rent  nervures  received  separately  in 

the  2nd  cubital  cell  •  •  •  •  Elis,  p.  89. 

b'  The  recurrent  nervures  imiting  and  received 

in  the  2nd  cubital  cell  as  one    Liacos,  p.  101. 

Genus  TIPHIA. 

Tiphia  pt.,  Fabr.  Ent  Syst  ii,;^.  223  (1793) 

Bethylus,  pt.,  Fanz.  Krit.  Sevis.  Faun.  Deutsehl.  u,  p.  133  (laobj. 


Fig.  10.— Wing  aud  opex 
Fig.  2.-Tiphia  rufofemorata,  ^.  {.  of  abdomen.    Tiphia,  J. 

*  Excent  Mvzine  9 ,  which  has  two  intermediate  tibial  spurs. 

t  In  itftS  the^ikner  orbits  are  cui-ved  outwards,  scarcely  emarginate. 


TIPHIA. 


57 


Type  T.  femorata,  Fiibr. 

Sas^rrSr^ax;  pronotu.  transye.e  anterioriy; 
:nedTi  segment  truncate  posteriorly  ;  sides  o£  thorax  excavated; 
fore  wing  with  the  radial  cell  open  at  apex  in  S  ,  closed  thej  , 
two  cSal  cells  each  receiving  a  recurrent  nervure;  abdomen 
dongate  ova?;  basal  segment  nLower  than  the  2nd ^  ^7  ^  ^^^^ 
constricted  at  the  apex;  anal  segment  m  c?  furnished  with  a 
recurved  spine. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Winss  distinctly  fuscous.    Le^s  black  „  Kft 

«  Intermediate  and  posterior  femora  red  .    T.  rvfo-femorata,  p.  58. 
6.  Intermediate    and    posterior  leinora 
black. 

a!.  Pronotum  smooth  or  with  a  very 
few  scattered  punctures;  both 
wings   dark  fuscous,   hyaUne   at  . 

base    $  length  16-18  mm   T.fumipennis,  p.  58. 

6'.  Pronotum  anteriorly  closely  punc- 
tured ;  fore  wing  darker  than  hind 
-wmg,  paler  along  apical  margin. 

5  length  1.3  mm   •  •  •    T.  compressa,  p.  59. 

Wings  hyaline  or  flavo-  or  fusco-hyaline. 
a.  Legs  entirely  black. 

a'.  Intermediate  and  posterior  femora  _ 

red  ;  abdomen  black    T.  eassiope,  p.  5U. 

b'.  Intermediate  and  posterior  femora 
black. 

Median  segment  with  five  longi- 
tudinal carinse. 
«^  CariuiB  parallel :  posterior  mar- 

o-in  of  basal  abdominal  segment  _ 

pimctured   •  •     T.  flavipenms,  p.  69. 

P.  Outer  two  carinffi  on  each  side 
converging  posteriorly  ;  pos- 
terior mai-gin  of  basal  abdominal 
segment  shortly  longitudinally 

striolate   T.  lijrata,  t^.  60. 

b-.  Median  segment  with  three  longi- 
tudinal oarinse. 
a\  Median  segment  rugose. 

a'.  Clypeus  incised  at  apex    T.  incisa,  p.  faU. 

b^.  Clypeus  produced  at  apex,  the 

sides  widely  emarginate   T.  implicata,  p.  bl. 

V.  Median  segment  smooth  or  only 
slightly  punctured, 
a".  Basal  and   greater  part  of 
2nd  abdominal  segment  im- 

punctate    T.  consueta,^.<ol. 

6*.  Basal  and  2ud  abdominal  seg- 
ments more  or  less  closely 
punctured     T.  intrudens,  p.  61. 


58  SCOLIlDiE. 


b.  Legs  red  or  ferruginous. 

a'.  Median  segment  with  three  longi- 
tudinal carinas. 

a".  Abdomen  black   .     T.  ri'Jij3e8,  p.  61. 

b^.  Abdomen  blaclc,  variegated  with 

yellowish  white    T.  vicina,  p.  62. 

b'.  Median  segment  with  five  longitu- 
dinal carinse   T.  iwlicarinata,  p.  62. 

c.  Legs  blaclf,  all  the  tibite  and  tarsi  more 

or  less  testaceous. 

a'.  Median  segment  with  live  longitu- 
dinal carinEB  .  •     T.Jlavipennia  cJ ,  p.  59. 

v.  Median  seg-ment  with  three  longitu- 
dinal carinaj. 

a^.  Antennas  reddish    T.  erythrocera,  p.  63. 

6^.  Anteniipe  distinctly  black. 

a^.  Third  and  succeeding  abdominal 
segments  with  conspicuous  ful- 
vous pubescence    T.  fusdnervis,  p.  63. 

i^  Third  and  succeeding  abdominal 
segments  covered  with  short 
soft  scattered  white  hairs  ....     T.  hirsuta,  p.  63. 
0.  Wings  golden  yellow,  hind  wing  much 

paler,  in  striking  contrast  with  fore  wing.    T.  auripennis,  p.  64. 

127.  TipMa  rufo-femorata,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  83,  $  ;  Cam.  Mem. 

Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  115. 

5  .  Head,  thorax  in  front,  and  abdomen  with  fine  scattered 
punctures  ;  median  segment  smooth  above,  subquadrate,  nearly  flat, 
the  sides  obliquely  and  the  apex  vertically  truncate,  the  verge  of 
the  truncation  strongly  reflexed ;  from  the  base  of  the  segment 
three  central  longitudinal  carina}  run  to  the  verge  of  the  trun- 
cation, the  space  between  them  and  on  either  side  smooth  and 
shining;  abdomen  with  the  basal  segment  campauulate,  con- 
stricted along  the  apical  margin.  Black,  the  mandibles  darkish 
red,  the  intermediate  and  posterior  femora  bright  red;  wiugs 
fusco-hyaline,  nervures  piceous,  tegulae  black. 

Hab.  India  ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ;  Ceylon.  ?  .  Lenr/th  12  ; 
exj}.  23  mm. 

128.  TipMa  fumipennis,  Smith,  Jour.  linn.  Soc  1858,  p.  90  j  Cam. 

Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  116. 
2  .  Head,  pronotiun  in  front,  mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  post- 
scutellum  coarsely  punctured;  median  segment  smooth  above, 
subquadrate,  obliquely  truncate  at  the  sides  and  vertically  at  the 
apex :  from  the  base  of  the  segment  run  three  central  longitudmal 
carina  to  the  verge  of  the  truncation,  which  is  strongly  reflexed, 
the  space  between  them  and  the  space  on  both  sides  smooth  and 
shining,  but  tlie  carinas  themselves  are  each  of  them  bordered  on 
both  sides  by  a  row  of  very  line  punctures ;  abdomen  smooth,  the 
basal  segment  polished,  iiLpunctate  except  for  a  subapical  row  of 
fine  punctures,  the  remaining  segments  sparingly  punctured,  the 
punctures  fine  and  denser  on  the  apical  segments.    Black,  a  thui 


TIPHIA. 


59 


enseous  pubescence  on  the  head,  thorax  in  front,  and  apical  half 
of  the  abdomen  ;  the  extreme  apex  of  the  anal  segment  ierru- 

^'""bZ'.  Teuasserim ;  Borneo.    2  .  Lenrjt7i  16-18  ;  exy.  24-28  mm. 

129  TipMa  compressa,  Smith,  Gat.  iii,  p.  82,  $  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch 
L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  115. 
9  Head,  prouotum  in  front,  sides  of  the  median  segment,  legs, 
and  abdomen  tliinly  pubescent ;  the  head,  pro-  and  mesonotum 
closely  and  rather  coarsely  punctured ;  abdomen  above  and  below 
finely  punctured  ;  on  the  basal  two  segments  the  punctures  are 
somewhat  sparser  and  finer ;  median  segment  above  convex  sub- 
quadrate,  the  sides  obliquely  and  the  apex  vertically  truncate,  the 
sides  longitudinally  striate ;  the  truncation  at  apex  smooth  and 
shining,  slightly  concave  above;  the  median  segment  has  three 
central,  longitudinal,  parallel  carinas,  running  from  the  base  to  the 
transverse  carina  on  the  verge  of  the  truncation  at  apex,  the 
space  between  the  carinas  very  slightly  rugose :  abdomen  with  the 
basal  segment  campanulate,  slightly  constricted  at  the  apical 
margin.  Black  and  shining ;  the  pubescence  whitish ;  the  inter- 
mediate and  posterior  femora  beneath  castaneous;  wings — fore 
wing  fusco-hyaline,  clearer  at  base ;  hind  wing  hyaline ;  nervures 
testaceous,  tegulse  black. 
S  similar. 

Hah.  Sikhim;  Burma;  Tenasserim ;  China;  Philippines. 
5  .  Length  13  ;  exp.  24  mm.     <S  slightly  smaller. 

130.  TipMa  cassiope,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 

$  .  Closely  resembles  T.  i-ufo-femorata,  Smith,  but  is  very  much 
smaller,  the  liead  is  more  globular,  and,  as  well  as  the  pronotum, 
not  so  coarsely  punctured;  the  median  segmentals  comparatively 
longer  and  narrower  towards  the  apex,  which  is  more  obliquely 
truncate ;  the  three  median  carintE  are  not  so  well-marked  and 
raised,  and  the  central  one  does  not  nearly  reach  the  verge  of 
the  truncation ;  the  abdomen  is  much  more  sparsely  and  finely 
punctured,  and  the  wings  are  hyaline,  not  fuscous.  Like  T.  rufo- 
femorata,  T.  cassiope  has  the  intermediate  and  posterior  femora  red. 

Hah.  Mussooree.  ?  .  Length  7  ;  exp.  13  mm.  Type  in  coll. 
Kothney. 

131.  TipMa  flavipenms,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  91,  $. 

2  .  Head,  pronotum  anteriorly,  mesonotum  in  the  middle,  and 
the  2nd  and  succeeding  segments  of  the  abdomen  finely  punc- 
tured ;  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  sides  of  the 
mesonotum,  and  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  impunctate  ; 
the  scutellum  aud  postscutellum  with  a  few  scattered  punctures  ; 
the  whole  insect  polished  and  shining ;  the  clypeus  with  two  blunt 
projecting  teeth  at  the  apex ;  median  segment  with  the  usual  three 
central  longitudinal  carinte  from  the  base  of  the  segment  to  the 


60 


SCOLIIDjE. 


verge  of  the  truncated  apex,  aud  two  abbreviated  carluae  in  the 
intermediate  spaces.  Black,  with  a  thin  short  hoary  pubescence 
ou  the  clypeus,  legs,  and  posterior  portion  of  the  abdomen  ;  man- 
dibles broadly  reddish  in  the  middle;  antennaj  slightly  fulvous 
beneath  ;  wings  hyaline  ;  the  fore  wing  with  a  flavo-fuscous  tint ; 
uervui-es  aud  tegula3  along  the  outer  margins  testaceous. 

d  {T.  dypealis.  Cam.  MS.).  Similar,  but  smaller,  more  pubes- 
cent ;  the  apical  margin  of  the  clypeus  curved,  rufescent ;  the  apex 
of  the  antennae  also  rufescent ;  the  fore  tibias  and  tarsi  testaceous  ; 
the  median  segment  with  the  live  lougitudinal  cai-inse  as  in  the  $  ; 
the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  with  a  subapical  row  of  punctures, 
and  the  remaining  segments  more  closely  punctured. 

Hah.  Mussooree  ;  Teuasserim  ;  Borneo.  $  .  Length  10-11 ; 
exp.  16  mm.     S  •  Length  7  ;  exp.  12  mm. 

132.  Tiphia  lyrata,  Magr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xli,  1892,  p.  252, 2 . 

?.  Head  and  the  basal  half  of  the  pronotum  coarsely  but 
somewhat  sparsely,  and  the  middle  of  the  mesonotum  in  front  of 
the  scutellum  rather  more  closely  punctm-ed ;  sides  smooth  and 
shining ;    scutellum   smooth,  its  posterior  margin  with  a  few 
punctures;  postscutellum  smooth  and  shining;  median  segment 
opaque,  furnished  with  five  carinoe  above,  forming  a  mark  shaped 
something  like  the  Greek  lyra ;  the  median  carina  straight,  un- 
broken, the  two  lateral  arched  and  converging,  truncated  a  little 
past  the  middle  of  the  area,  the  two  external  also  arched  and 
converging  and  produced  to  the  apex  of  the  segment,  the  included 
space,  as  well  as  the  surface  of  the  segment  outside,  opaque  and 
lightly  rugulose;   the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  smooth, 
beautifully  polished,  its  extreme  apical  margin  emarginate,  and 
shortly  but  obsoletely  longitudinally  striate ;  the  remaining  seg- 
ments less  shining,  minutely  punctured,  chiefly  in  the  middle  of 
the  apical  margin.    Black  and  shining,  with  silvery  pubescence ; 
the  mandibles  and  the  anal  segment  of  the  abdomen  above  rufo- 
ferruginous  ;  the  apices  of  the  femora  and  the  teguliB  of  the  wmgs 
fusco-ferreginous ;  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum  flavo- 
testaceous ;  wings  flavo-hyaline ;  nervures  testaceous. 

Bab.  Karen  Hills,  Burma.     $  .  Length  7-8  ;  e.vp.  12  mm. 

133.  TipMa  incisa,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 

cJ  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pubescent,  finely  and  closely 
punctured  :  clypeus  anteriorly  fringed  with  long  hairs,  nicised  in 
the  middle  ;  median  segment  finely  rugulose,  obliquely  truncate  at 
apex,  with  the  usual  three  central  longitudinal  cariuoe  ;  abdonien 
with  the  posterior  margins  of  the  segments  fimbriated,  and  the 
apical  three  or  four  segments  studded  with  short  fine  hairs 
Black,  the  pubescence  cinereous  ;  wings  hyahne ;  uervui-es  ami 
stigma  dark  testaceous  brown  ;  tegulae  black.  . 

Hab.  Mussooree.    6  .  Length  10  ;  exp.  18  mm.    Type  in  coll. 
Bothney. 


TIPHIA. 


61 


134.  Tiphia  implicata,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 

d  Head,  prouotum,  mesonofcum,  scutelUim,  and  postscutellum 
closeiv  and  finely  punctured ;  median  segment  somewhat  coarsely 
reticulate,  obliquely  truncate  at  apex,  the  space  between  the  usual 
three  median  longitudinal  carinas  transversely  striate  ;  abdomen 
with  the  middle  oi:  the  segments  above  finely  punctured ;  the  head, 
thorax  in  front,  the  median  segment  laterally,  and  the  abdomea 
covered  with  a  thin  short  pubescence;  the  clypeus  anteriorly 
broadly  produced  in  the  middle,  the  sides  widely  emargmate. 
Black,  the  pubescence  cinereous  ;  wings  hyalme,fuscescent  towards 
the  apex;  nervures  and  stigma  dark  testaceous  brown;  teguias 

black.  m       •  n 

Bah.  Mussooree.     d .  LenrjtJi  9 ;  exp.  17  mm.    Type  in  coll. 

Eothney. 

135.  TipMa  consueta.  Smith,  Neiv  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  184,  $ ;  Cam. 
Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  189i>,  p.  116 
Metlioca  uigra*,  Bi?i(/h.  P.  Z.  S.  1896,  p.  427,  ?  . 

$  .  Head,  prouotum  in  front,  and  the  2nd  and  following  seg- 
ments of  the  abdomen  with  a  thin  scanty  pubescence;  head, 
pronotum  in  front,  mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  postscutellum 
closely  pnnctui-ed;  median  segment  smooth  and  shming,  the 
sides  obliquely  and  the  apex  vertically  truncate,  three  central, 
longitudinal,  parallel  carinse  running  from  the  base  to  the  verge  of 
theltruncation,  the  space  between  them  very  minutely  punctured  ; 
abdomen  shining,  the  basal  segment  and  great  part  of  the  basal 
portion  of  the  2nd  segment  impunctate,  the  apical  margin  of  the 
latter  and  succeeding  segments  with  transverse  hands  of  rather 
sparse  and  fine  punctures ;  the  basal  segment  at  apex  not  much 
constricted.  Black ;  the  wings  hyahne,  fuscescent  on  the  apical 
half  of  both  fore  and  hind  wing. 

Sab.  Ceylon.     2  .  Length  9;  exp.  16  mm. 

« 

136.  Tiphia  intrudens,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc  1863,  p.  25,$  cJ. 

2  .  Eesembles  T.  compressa.  Smith  ;  differs  in  heing  smaller  and 
more  slender ;  in  having  the  posterior  margins  of  the  pronotum 
and  of  the  segments  of  the  abdomen  narrowly  testaceous;  the 
apex  of  the  abdomen,  nervures  and  tegulse  of  the  wings  testaceous 
instead  of  black ;  and  in  the  thorax  and  abdomen  being  much  more 
sparingly  punctured. 

Hah.  Bengal ;  Mysol.  This  species  will  prohably  also  be  found 
in  Burma,  Tenasserim,  and  the  whole  Indo-Malayan  subregion. 
2  .  Length  11  ;  exp.  20  mm.     S  slightly  smaller. 

137.  Tiphia  rufipes.  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  83,2  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L. 

Ph.  Soc.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  115. 

2 .  Head,  pronotum  in  front,  mesonotum,   scutellum,  and 


*  By  mistake  identiflecl  as  a  Mcthoca. 


62 


SCOLIIDJE. 


postsciitellum  closely  punctured;  median  segment  smooth  and 
somewhat  shining,  subconvex  above,  the  sides  obliquely  and  the 
extreme  apex  vertically  truncate  ;  three  central  longitudinal 
carinie  running  from  base  to  the  verge  of  the  truncation,  the 
space  between  them  and  on  either  side  very  smooth  and  highly 
polished ;  abdomen  sparsely  punctured  all  over,  the  punctures  fine 
and  more  dense  towards  the  apex.  Black ;  the  mandibles,  antennae, 
and  the  femora,  tibia3,  and  tarsi  of  all  the  legs  testaceous  red  ;  the 
head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  with  a  thin  and  scanty  whitish 
pubescence  ;  wings  hyaline,  very  slightly  fuscescent  on  the  apical 
half,  nervures  and  tegulffl  testaceous. 

Hah.  Northern  India;  Burma.     2  .  Length  7;  exp.  13  mm. 


138.  Tiphia  vicina,  Magr.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xii,  1892,  p.  251,  $ . 
5 .   Head  and  thorax  sparsely  punctured,  the  disc  of  the 

mesonotum  cribrate  ;  median  segment  above  smooth,  shining, 
furnished  with  three  posteriorly  convergent,  impressed,  median 
lono'itudinal  lines;  the  metapleuras  posteriorly  rugosely  opaque, 
dos'ely  striate  ;  abdomen— the  basal  segment  shiuing,  its  posterior 
margin  with  a  subapical  row,  broadening  at  the  sides,  of  coarse 
punctures,  the  2nd  smooth,  the  semaiuing  segments  moderately 
rugosely  punctured  ;  clvpeus,  scape  of  the  antennae  beneath,  and 
the  apical  margins  of  the  abdominal  segments  pilose,  the  inter- 
mediate and  posterior  tibia?  covered  with  rigid  hairs  over  silky 
pile  Black,  shiuing,  the  palpi  and  the  intermediate  and  posterior 
femora  pale  rufo-ferruginous  ;  the  mandibles,  flagellum  of  the 
antenna?  beneath,  tegula?,  anterior  legs,  intermediate  and  posterior 
tibia*  and  tarsi,  and  the  anal  segment  of  the  abdomen  above 
obscurely  ferruginous  red ;  a  yellowish-white  narrow  transverse 
band  subapically  on  the  basal  abdominal  segment  above,  and  at  the 
base  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments  above  and  below  ;  pubescence 
white,  the  silky  pile  on  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibiae  silvery ; 
wings  hyaline,'  nervures  subfuscous. 

Hab.  Bhamo,  Upper  Burma.     ?  .  Length  9  mm. 

139.  Tiphia  policarinata,  Mai/r.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2*)  xii,  1892, 

p.  250,  S . 

Q  Head  pronotum,  scutellum,  postscutellum,  and  abdomen 
abov^  sparsely  and  lightly  punctured;  the  posterior  margin  of 
the  pronotum  broadly  smooth  ;  mesonotum  cribrate,  a  few  shining 
disti  ict  patches  on  the  sides  ;  median  segment  smooth,  subopaque, 
f  irnished  with  five  (sometimes,  owing  to  the  lateral  grooves, 
becoming  many)  parallel  carina?.  Black,  shining  ;  the  mandibles, 
antenna  (the  scape  often  excepted),  the  tegu  aB,  legs  (except  the 
SxS  and  the  apical  abdominal  segment  above  broadly  ferru- 
ginous red  ;  wings  yellowish,  nervures  testaceous. 

Hab.  Karen  Hills,  Burma.     5  .  Length  b^-i  mm. 


TipniA. 


63 


140.  TipMa  erythrocera,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 
2    Head,  pronotum  in  front,  and  mesonotum  closely  pnncfcnred, 

the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  scutellum  and  post- 
seutelhim  smooth;  the  median  segment  smooth,  with  a  few 
scattered  punctures,  obliquely  truncate  at  apex ;  the  usual  three 
central  longitudinal  carinte,  the  middle  one  abbreviated,  not  halt 
the  length  ''of  the  outer  two  ;  abdomen  finely  punctured ;  the 
whole  head,  thorax  in  front  and  on  the  sides,  and  abdomen 
(>overed  with  a  thin  pubescence.  Black,  the  mandibles  and 
antennfe  dark  red  ;  the  tibias  and  tarsi  of  the  legs  testaceous 
brown  or  castaneous;  pubescence  on  the  bead  m  front  and  on 
the  tibia?  and  tarsi  fulvous- golden,  on  the  abdomen  cinereous  ; 
wings  hyaline ;  nervures,  stigma,  and  tegulfe  pale  testaceous. 
Hah.  Mussooree.     5  .  Length  8  ;  e.vp.  15  mm. 

141.  TipMa  fuscinervis.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 
cJ .  Head,  pro-  and  mesonotum  rugosely  punctate  ;  median 

segment  and  the  2nd  and  following  segments  of  tlie  abdomen  more 
finely  punctured  ;  median  segment  comparatively  long  and  narrow, 
the  central  carina  not  so  conspicuous  as  in  other  species,  the 
space  between  them  finely  rugose  ;  basal  and  2nd  segments  of  the 
abdomen  shining,  the  punctures  on  the  basal  segment  coarser  than 
on  the  rest  of  the  abdomen,  the  apical  five  segments  densely 
pubescent.  Black,  with  a  thin  whitish  pubescence  on  the  head 
and  thorax  ;  the  pubescence  on  the  apical  five  segments  fulvous  ; 
the  antennfe  obscurely  reddish  beneath  ;  the  apex  of  the  tibite  and 
the  tarsi  of  the  legs  dark  testaceous  ;  wings  hyaline,  with  the 
nervures  pale  testaceous,  the  tegulae  black. 

ffab.  Mussooree.     6  .  Length  8 ;  exp.  17  mm. 


142.  TipMa  Mrsuta,  Smith,  Cat.  m,  p.  83,  J  ;  CatJi.  Mem.  Manch. 
L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  115. 
cJ.  Head,  the  pronotum  in  front,  the  sides  of  the  median 
segment,  and  the  abdomen  pubescent ;  the  vertex  of  the  head  and 
the  mesonotum  in  front  with  rather  coarse  punctures  ;  the  clypeus, 
front  of  the  face,  pronotum,  apex  oE  the  mesonotum,  scutellum, 
postscutellum,  and  the  2nd  and  following  segments  of  the  abdomen 
finely  punctured  ;  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen,  and  the 
basal  margins  broadly  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments  smooth  and 
impunctate ;  the  median  segment  above  convex,  the  sides  sharply 
and  obliquely  sloping  inwards,  finely  longitudinally  striate,  the 
apex  vertically  truncate,  the  margin  of  the  truncation  above  and  at 
the  sides  with  a  raised  carina ;  also  above,  from  the  base  of  the 
median  segment,  three  central  longitudinal  subparallel  carinse  run 
to  the  verge  of  the  truncation,  the  space  between  the  carinss 
obscurely  transversely  striate;  abdomen  with  the  basal  segment 
strongly  constricted  at  its  posterior  margin.   Black,  the  pubescence 


64 


SCOLIIDiE. 


short,  and  whitish  in  colour,  the  anterior  and  intermediate  tibiie 
and  tarsi  testaceous  ;  wings  hyaline,  fore  wing  slightly  fuscescent 
on  the  apical  half  ;  nervures  and  tegula)  testaceous. 

Hah.  North  India ;  Bengal,     d  .  Lewjlh  10  ;  exp.  17  mm. 

143.  TipMa  aiiripennis,  n.  sp. 

9  Head  in  front,  above  the  base  of  the  antenna?,  pronotuin 
anteriorly,  mesonotum,  scutelhun,  and  postscutellum  coarsely 
Xctured  ;  median  segment  large,  subquadrate,  shghtly  convex 
iw  concavo-truncatl  posteriorly,  with  the  usual  three  central 
Witudinal  carinas,  the  middle  one  not  reaching  the  ti-ansyerse 
carfna^^o^^^^^^^^  the  truncation;  abdomen  with  the  basal 

™nd  segments  coarsely  punctured  at  base  and  on  he  sues; 
3rd  4th  and  5th  segments  above  with  abroad  subapical  band  of 
fner  nui^  apical  segment  densely  punctured  and  studded 
S  t^fft^r  :  iet-blaci  and  shining,  with  thin  long  whitish 
mibescence  tiuged  with  ferruginous  on  the  apical  segment ;  wiiigs 
hydine,  w'^  a  rich  golden-yellow  tinge,  the  hmd  wings  hghter 
than  the  fore  wings. 

Hah.  Sylhet,  Assam.     ?  .  Lmgtli  16  ;  exp.  26  mm. 


Genus  MYZINE. 


Scolia,  pt.,  Fab,:  Ent.  Syst  n,  p.  236  1793  . 
Tiphia,  pt.,  Fabr.  EntSyst.     P'  f  f  (1793). 
El  s,  pt.,  Fabv.  Syst.  P,ez.  v-  248.(1804) 
MYziL  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  xm,  p.  2G9  (1805) 

-Pleiik,  Jurine,  Hym.  p.  150  (1807). 


Fig.  11.    .  ^ 
Myzine  dimidiatwornis,  g . 


Fig.  12. 
Myzine  madraspatana,  . 


Type  M.  sexfasciata,  Eossi. 

Eanje.  Both  l^emispheres.  ^^^^  ^^^^ 

Characters  those  of       family.    I  oie  w.ng  ^ 
three  cubital  ceUs  alwj  present     hc^^^^^^^^     ^^^^  fo4  wing  in 
j^ever  open  as  m  T^^^  ^  ■    The  neui 

^^i^JSJir^i^  S^lpical^purs.  Ape.  of  abdomen 
in  J  with  a  strong  recurved  spine. 


mziNE. 


65 


Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Females  only  known. 

a.  Wings  fuscous. 

a'.  BJack ;  2nd,  3i'd,  and  base  of  the  4tli 
abdominal  segment  red ;  hind  wing 

hyaline  at  base    M.  madraspatana,  p.  bo. 

b'.  Black ;  1-5  abdominal  segments  red ; 

both  wings  hyaline  at  base    M.  mandalmsis,  p.  66. 

c'.  Black;  abdomen  black,  head  red   M.  tricolor,  p.  66. 

d'.  Black ;  wings  wholly  dark  fuscous.  .    M.fuscipennis,  p.  67. 

b.  Wings  hyaline  or  subhyaline. 

a'.  Abdomen  entirely  red   M.  combusta,  p.  67. 

b' .  Abdomen  entirely  black. 

a^.  Mandibles  and  antennas  black  ;  2nd 
segment  with  a  transverse  im- 
pressed line  at  base    M.  anthracina,  p.  67. 

b"^.  Mandibles  and  the  flagellum  of 
the  antennsB  dull  red ;  2nd  seg- 
ment without  an  impressed  line .    M.  claripennis,  p.  68. 

B.  Males  only  known. 

a.  Wings  fuscous,  broadly  hyaline  at  base. 
a'.    Ulypeus,  scape,  and  basal  four 

joints  of  the   flagellum  of  the 

antennae  red    M.  dimidiaticornis,  p.  68. 

b'.  Clypeus  and  antennae  black   M.  dimidiata,  p.  68. 

b.  Wings  hyaline. 

Yellow  with  black  markings. 
a-.    Abdomen  with    the  posterior 

margins  of  the  2-6  segments 

widely  and  deeply  emarginate  .  .    M.  pallida,  p.  69. 
6^.  Abdomen  with  posterior  margins 

of  segments  normal,  transverse, 

not  emarginate      M.  orientalis,  p.  69. 

b'.  Black,  abdomen  immaculate. 

Mandibles,  flagellum  of  the 
antennffl  beneath,  and  the  legs 
obscurely  reddish ;  pronotum 
longitudinally  striate  at  the  sides.  M.  l<Bta,  p.  70. 
6^.  Mandibles,  antennse,  and  legs 
black ;  pronotum  not  striate  at 

the  sides   M.  burtnanica,  p.  70. 

c'.  Black  ;  abdomen  with  bi-emarginate, 
narrow  transverse  yellow  bands  on 
the  apical  margins  of  the  2-6 
segments   M.  petiolata,  p.  70. 


144.  Myzine  madraspatana,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  72,  ?  ;  Cam.  Mem. 
Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  114. 

$  .  Head,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  and  scutellum  rugose,  ronghlv 
and  coarsely  punctured ;  the  median  segment  anteriorly  and  down 
the  middle  and  the  postscutellum  smooth  and  shining,  the  former 
truncate  posteriorly,  with  an  abbreviated  longitudinally  impressed 
line,  enclosed  by  parallel  carinse,  at  its  base ;  abdomen  smooth, 
finely  and  distantly  punctured.  Black,  tue  2nd,  3rd,  and  base  of 
VOL.  I.  s 


QQ  BCOLIIDjE. 

the  4th  segment  of  the  abdomea  dark  red  ;  wings  dark  fuscous,  the 
hind  wing  hyaline  at  base.  or,  Tvne  in 

Hah.  Southern  India.     ?  .  Length  19  ;  e.vp.  32  mm.     iype  m 
the  British  Museum. 

nSSfW.  An,.  «».  (2.)  xii, 

P  HeS''.cMe  »„db!»aliointottl>eflageltamonl.emtennie 
sp,Lr  but  somewhat  deeply  panctared,  .  Wge  space  on  fte 
r   X  smooth  .od  shining ;  Wp-  ^It.T  -Sfe', 

rngOK,  «ilh  a  median  long.tndmai  carina, ;  I^'0"»  .S'erioriv 
eloV-ecl  i.;to  a  necl.  -"^rt; '^X^  m   gta  '.r„  IraS 

=rits.s'sid'^.:irr  ai.c  of  t^^^ 
:So:th:  t^h  °Ldi.u  ..a 

:sh -rs,it,;3s£i^%  ^^^^^^ 

middle  of  the  groove,  'te  B.d's  of  the  »^^^ 

•^SerS 4iXvS  a"mLt     o7  sEort  and  long  .poon-shaped 

SSsX  r^n'ron^^^ 

palpi  and  tegnl.  of  the  wings  «"0-t^stac^ou. 
ifai.  Mandalay,  Upper  Burma.    S  •  A".?"' 

,.^::^;weenthebase^f^e  — 

ocelli,  pronotum,  ^^^^^Pj   coarse   sl^Uow  punctures'; 

scutellum,  and  VO^t.cntel\n^  ^SJquer  truncate  posteriorly,  at 
median  segment  convex  above,  o^hqu^  ^^^^^ 
base  finely  and  distantly  and  tow^^^^^^^^  ^.^'ost  dense  on  the  face 
and  densely       ^t^^*^^^' ^J^^J'lSow   longitudinal  groove  at 
of  the  trancation;  ^,.""Xm  m^^^  base  to  apex, 

base  above,  <^f^^'l^\^°'l'^;J'Tt^^^^^  abdomen 
which  does  not  reach  the  J^r^e  oi  gegment  at  base 

smooth,  with  scattered  P^^^t^^^f '  ^Z^vSon  smooth.  Black, 
vertically  truncate,  the  tace  of  the  t  uncatx  ^  ^^^^ 
the  head  deep  red,  the  apical  ,  or  o  join 


MYZINB. 


67 


aiitennre  fuscous  ;  abdomeu  with  blue  and  violet  tints ;  wings 
fuscous,  hyaline  at  base,  nervures  dark  testaceous  brown,  teguhe 
black. 

Hob.  Assam;  Borneo.     $  .  Length  19-21 ;  exp.  28  mm. 

147.  Myzine  fuscipennis.  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  72,  $  ;    Cam.  Mem. 

Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  114. 

2  .  Head  with  a  few  widply  spaced  coarse  punctures  ;  pro-  and 
mesonotum,  scutellum  and  postscutelluin  rather  more  closely  and 
coarsely  punctured  ;  median  segment  finely  transversely  rugulose, 
with  an  abrupt  steep  slope  at  apex,  and  a  central  longitudinal 
short  groove  at  base  above,  the  groove  bounded  on  each  side  by  a 
fine  shining  carina ;  legs  and  abdomen  thinly  pubescent,  the  base 
of  the  1st  segment  of  the  latter  coarsely  punctured,  the  remaining 
segments  with  a  few  fine  scattered  punctures.  Black  and  shining, 
the  pubescence  whitish,  the  flagellum  of  the  antenna  opaque 
alutaceous  ;  wings  fuscous  brown,  nervures  and  tegids  testaceous. 

JIab.  India;  Burma;  Tenasserim.  2  ■  Length  ll-li ;  exp.  18- 
20  mm. 

148.  Myzine  comhusta,  SmitJi,  Neto  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  179,  2  ;  Cam 

Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  113. 

$  .  Head  in  front,  the  anterior  lateral  angles  of  the  pronotum, 
the  pro-  and  mesopleurse  closelv  and  coarsely  punctured,  almost 
cribrate  ;  the  vertex  of  the  head,  the  pronotum  anteriorly  in  the 
middle,  and  its  broad  posterior  margin,  the  mesonotum,  scutellum, 
postscutellum,  and  median  segment  smooth,  dull  and  opaque  ;  the 
median  segment  coucavo-truncate  posteriorly,  the  verge  of  the 
truncation  above  with  two  or  three  coarse  transverse  grooves,  a 
small  raised  space  at  the  base  coarsely  punctured,  the  metapleurse 
obliquely  striate;  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  segments  3-5 
above  \^ath  a  very  few  scattered  punctures,  the  apical  segment 
coarsely  and  closely  punctured  and  studded  with  stiff  hairs. 
Black ;  the  mandibles,  the  flagellum  of  the  antennas,  the  femora, 
tibiae,  and  tarsi  of  the  legs,  and  the  abdomen  ferruginous  red  ;  the 
mesonotum  with  a  square  mark  in  the  middle  orange-yellow, 
bounded  on  each  side  by  a  broad  longitudinal  band  of  ferruginous 
red,  the  margins  of  the  abdominal  segments  shaded  with  fuscous  ; 
wings  hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulae  testaceous. 
Bab.  India.     5  .  Length  19  ;  exp.  30  mm. 


149.  Myzine  anthracina,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  71,  9  ;  0am.  Mem 
Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  1133 

2  .  The  head  and  thorax  with  large  scattered  punctures  ;  median 
segment  finely  punctured,  with  a  central  smooth  shining  line  at  its 
base ;  legs  and  abdomen  beneath  thinly  pubescent ;  abdomen  above 
shining,  the  segments  finely  punctured  at  their  basal  margins, 

f2 


gg  bcoliid;e. 

the  Duuctures  larger  and  more  scattered  posteriorly,  the  2nd 
egm'eSt  with  a  t?ansverse  impressed  line  at  apcal  margv^^ 
Black  the  pubescence  cinereous  white,  the  spmes  on  the  legs  paie 
testaceous/  wings  subhyaline,  faintly  clouded  at  their  ap.cal 
margins. 

Hah.  India.     ?  .  Lencjth  13  ;  e.vp.  23  mm. 

150.  Myzine  claripennis,  u.  sp. 

0  Head,  mesonotum,  scutellum,  postsciitellum,  niedian  seg- 
ment and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining  with  only  a  iew  scattered 
punc  ores  and  some  stifE  sparsely  placed  hairs  on  the  «cai^e  of  the 

red  •  wings  hyaline,  lightly  infuscated  towards  the  apex. 

Fa.  Head  and  abdomen   slightly  more   closely  and  finely 
punctured  ;   tibi=B  and   tarsi  piceous  ;   wings  somewhat  more 

fuscescent.  .        „    r     ^i,  q  n  ■  t-vn  Ifi-lS  mm. 

Hah.  Burma;  Tenasserim.     ?  .  Length  9-11 ,  ea-p.  ib  io  m 

Type  in  the  British  Museum. 

151.  Myzine  dimidiaticornis,  Bincjh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.,Zool.xxy,m6, 
n  423  fT.  1 
^    Head  'thorax,  and  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  coarsely 
^  ' ,  J    abdominal  segments  smooth  and  shining, 

MYziii^Bitida,  Cam.  {rtec  Smith)  t.  c.  p.  114. 


MTZINB. 


69 


closely  and  coarsely  punctured  ;  vertex  and  the  region  of  the  ocelli 
impuiictate  ;  pronotuni  in  front,  mesonotum,  scutelluni  and  post- 
scutellum  closely  punctured,  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum 
smooth-  the  mesonotum  with  a  deeply  marked  V-shaped  groove; 
median 'segment  rugose,  rounded  posteriorly;  abdomen  smooth, 
shinino'  with  only  a  few  very  tine  punctures  above.  Jet-black,  the 
abdomen  with  blue  and  violet  tints ;  the  mandibles  at  base,  the 
ape.x  of  the  clypeus,  the  fore  tibiae  in  front,  and  the  fore  tarsi  pale 
yellow  ;  wings  hyaline  for  about  a  third  of  their  length  from  base, 
beyond  fuscous  suiiused  with  blue  and  violet. 

Hah.  Bombay;  Bengal.     6  .  Length  15;  exp.  24  mm. 

153  Myzine  pallida,  Smith,  Netv  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  179  ;  Cam.  Mem. 
Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  116. 
cJ  Head  shining,  with  a  few  scattered  punctures  ;  thorax  and 
abdomen  smooth,  opaque  ;  median  segment  short,  posteriorly 
obliquely  truncate,  an  obscure  short  central  longitudinal  groove  at 
base  •  abodmen  long,  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax  together, 
sec^ments  2-6  above  with  their  posterior  margins  widely  and  deeply 
entarginate.  Pale  whitish  yellow,  the  head  black  ;  the  mandibles 
clypeus,  and  scape  of  the  antennae  whitish  yellow ;  the  flagellum  of 
the  antenna;,  a  stripe  over  the  tegula),  and  broad  transverse  bands 
at  the  base  of  the  abdominal  segments  above  dark  testaceous  brown  ; 
wings  hyaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  testaceous  brown,  tegulse 

VelloW.  .  T-  1     ^  n 

'  Hab.  North-West  Provinces,  India.  J.  Lejigth  / -9 ;  e-i^). 
13  mm. 

154  Myzine  orientalis,  Smith,  New  6>.  Jij/m.  J3.  M,  p.  179,  ^  ■  Cam. 
Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  116. 

c?  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  punctured,  the  punctures  light 
and  inconspicuous.  Head  in  front,  the  median  segment  posteriorly, 
and  the  base  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment  with  long  hairs  ;  clypeus 
with  its  anterior  margin  arched,  much  broader  than  high,  the  sides 
turned  up  ;  antennae  very  long  and  filiform  ;  median  segment  short, 
concavo-truncate  posteriorly ;  abdomen  tapering  gradually  to  the 
apex  from  the  2nd  segment ;  basal  segment  slightly  constricted 
along  the  apical  margin.  Variegated  with  pale  yellow  and  black ; 
the  mandibles,  clypeus,  scape,  pronotum  in  front,  postscutellum, 
the  femora,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  of  the  legs,  and  broad  median  transverse 
bands  on  segments  1-6  of  the  abdomen  pale  whitish  yellow  ;  the 
mesonotum  with  a  large  square  macula  at  apex,  and  the  centre  of 
the  scutellum  orange-yellow,  the  rest  of  the  parts  black ;  wings 
hyaline  and  iridescent,  faintly  yellowish  at  the  apex  of  the  fore 
wing,  nervures  dark  testaceous,  tegulse  yellow. 

Uah.  Baluchistan,  d.  Length  12;  exp.  22  mm.  Type  in 
the  British  Museum. 


70 


SCOLIIDjI. 


155.  Myzine  laeta,  n.  sp. 

6  .  Head — the  clypeus  with  long  soft  hairs,  the  front  above  the 
antenna)  closely  punctured,  the  punctures  on  the  vertex  and  about 
the  ocelH  fewer  and  more  widely  spaced;  the  pronotum  punctured 
in  the  middle,  longitudinally  striate  at  the  sides ;  mesonotum, 
scutellum,  postscutellum,  median  segment,  and  abdomen  sparsely 
punctured,  the  basal  three  segments  of  the  last  almost  smooth 
and  shining  above,  the  basal  segment  itself  petiolate,  swollen 
towards  the  apex,  which  is  strongly  constricted.  Black,  the 
pubescence  on  the  clypeus  white;  the  mandibles,  flagellum  of 
the  antennae  beneath,  the  coxse,  trochanters,  femora,  tibiae,  and  tarsi 
obscurely  reddish  ;  wings  hyaUue  and  iridescent,  uervures  and 
tegulae  testaceous. 

Eab.  Moulmein,  Tenasserim.     6  .  Lengtli  11 ;  t'.rp.  16  mm. 

156.  Myzine  'burmanica,  n.  sp. 

c? .  Closely  resembles  M.  laila,  but  the  head  is  more  closely, 
evenly,  and  coarsely  punctured,  the  pronotum  is  punctured  not 
striate  at  the  sides,  the  punctures  on  the  mesonotum  and  median 
segment  are  finer  and  closer,  on  the  latter  running  into  obscure 
transvea-se  striiB ;  the  antennae  and  legs  are  distinctly  black,  not 
dull  reddish,  and  the  wings  are  more  or  less  fuscescent  on  the  disc 
and  towards  the  apex. 

Eab.  Burma ;  Tenasserim.  6 .  Length  10 ;  ea-jj.  18  mm. 
Type  in  the  British  Museum. 

157   Myzine  petiolata,  Stiiith,  Cat.  in,  p.  72,       Cam.  Mem.  Manch. 
L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  115. 

cJ  Head  above  the  antennae  rather  closely  and  coarsely,  and 
the  vertex,  pronotum,  mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  postscutellum 
more  finely  punctured;  median  segment  rounded  posteriorly, 
finely  rugulose,  with  an  abbreviated  central  longitudinal  groove 
near  the  base ;  abdomen  petiolate,  the  apical  half  ot  the  basal 
segment  globose,  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment  strongly,  the 
bases  of  the  rest  lightlv  constricted;  the  whole  abdomen,  but  espe- 
cially the  basal  segment  above,  smooth  and  shining.  Black ;  the 
base  of  the  mandibles,  the  clypeus,  the  apex  of  a  semicuxular  pro- 
iection  above  the  base  of  the  antennae,  the  posterior  margin  of 
Ihe  nronotum,  the  anterior  tibiffi  and  tarsi,  the  base  and  apex  of 
the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibiee  and  tarsi,  and  bi-emarginate 
narrow  transverse  bands  on  segments  2-6  ot  the  abdomen 
posteriorly,  yellow  ;  wmgs  hyaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  and 
teeulte  testaceous.  i  ^ 

Bab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal,     d .  Length  12  ;  c.xp.  1/  mm. 


SCOLIA. 


71 


Geuus  SCOLIA. 

Scolia,  Fabr.  S,,st.  Ent.  p.  355  (1775). 
Tiphia,  pt.,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  2:^^  1793). 
Scolia,  pt..  Smith,  Cat.  in,  p.  85  (1855).  o  c-  i    r  *  ^  i 

Scolia  (subgen.  Triscolia  and  Di.colia),  Sauss.  8f  Sich.  Cat.  Seal. 
p.  14  (1864). 


Fig.  IS.—Scolia  {Triscolia)  lusmorrhoidalis. 


Type,  S.Jlavifrons,  Tabr. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Characters  those  of  the  family  *.  Fore  wing  wath  one  radial  and 
three  (subgenus  Triscolia= Scolia  vera)  or  two  (subgenus  Viscoha) 
cubital  cells  and  one  recurrent  nervure. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Fore  wing  with  three  cubital  cells. 

a.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  entirely  black, 
without  yellow  or  red  marljings;  wings 
dark  fuscous. 
a'.  Vertex  of  head  and  disc  of  mesonotum 

closely  punctured    midata.  p.  I  A. 

b'.  Vertex  of  head  and  disc  of  mesonotum 
smooth,  polished,  with  only  a  few 
scattered  punctures. 
a".  Basal  half  of  1st  abdominal  segment 
smooth,  polished,  with  very  few 
scattered  punctures;  wings  fuscous 

with  a  brilliant  green  effulgence   -S.  opalina,  p.  75. 

6^  Basal  half  of  the  1st  abdominal  seg- 
ment coarsely  and  rather  closely 
punctured ;  wiugs  fuscous  with  violet 

and  purple  effulgence    S.  tyriantUna,  p.  75. 


•Properly  Scolia,  Sis,  and  Lmcos  constitute  but  one  genus,  with  varying 
wing  neuration  •  but  as  thi.s  is  remarkably  constant  in  eaeh  of  the  divisions,  it 
is  convenient  to  regard  the  differences  as  generic.  For  the  purpose  of  dis- 
tinguishing the  three  genera,  the  number  and  form  of  the  recurrent  nervures 
in  the  fore  wing  have  been  chosen. 


72 


SOOLIID^. 


6.  Head,  tliorax,  or  abdomen,  or  all  three, 
black,  vnriegated  with  yellow  or  ferru- 
ginous red ;  wings  fuscous. 
a\  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  all  varie- 
gated with    orange-yellow    (?  d)- 

Length  48-54  ram   S.  procer,  p.  t  i>. 

h'.  Head  only  orange-red,  rest  of  thorax 

and  abdomeu  black  (2c?).    Length  .  . 

18-21  mm   ^-  capttata,  p.  7b. 

c'.  Head  (2)  orange-red,  (J)  black;  4th 
and  following  segments  of  abdomen 
more  or  less  ferruginous  red  with  ferni- 
s-inous  pubescence  (2  c?)-    Length  28- 

35  mm.    -S-  ruhginosa,  p.  i^. 

c.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  variegated 

with  black,  yellow,  and  ferruginous  red;  ,  -j  ,•  „  77 

wings  deep  fulvo-hyaline   S.  Immorrhoidalis,  p.  ^ 7. 

B.  Fore  wing  with  2  cubital  cells. 
a.  Wings  fuscous. 

a'.  Antennte  more  or  less  yellow  or  orange- 
yellow  or  red. 

a^  Head— front  and  vertex  orange-yellow. 

a".  Antennas,  scape,  and  iiagellum  en-  _  ^ 

tirely  orange-red    S.  erratica,^.  iT ■ 

^)^  Antennae  with  scape  black,  fla- 
gellum  orange-red  or  yellow  ;  3rd 
abdominal  segment  at  base  above    ^  ,.   ^   ^  ^ 

with  a  yellow  fascia   S.  elizabethce  2  ,  P-  '  «• 

c^.  Antennaj  with  scape  and  one  or 
two  basal  joints  of  flagellum 
orange-red  or  yellow,  rest  of  fla- 
crellum  fuscous  black;  abdomen 

without  yellow  markings   S.  moUsta,  p.  79. 

b'.  Head  black. 

a\  Antenna  orange-red,  scape  and 
basal  j  oint  of  flagellum  black ;  wings 
with  purple  effulgence. 
a*.  3rd  segment  of  abdomen  with  a        , .      ,  ^„ 

lateral  yellow  spot   S.  lilunata,  p.  /9. 

h\  Abdomen  wholly  black ........    S.  aureipenms,  p.  /9. 

■    ¥  Antennae  with  scape  ferruginous 
red, flagellum  bright  yellow;  wings 
with  a  coppery  golden  efl'ulgence . .    S.  ohsciira,  p.  80. 
6'.  Antennse  wholly  black. 

a-.  Head  with  front  and  vertex  more  or 
'  less  marked  with  yellow. 
a\  Comparatively  large,  over  20  mm. 

a\  ^ings  fuscous  with  a  violet  and 
'  golden  efl'ulgence;  median  seg- 
ment  closely    and  profoiradly  •  „  sn 
punctured,  cribrate                       -S.  bhamoensts,  p.  80. 

h\  Wings  dark  fuscous  with  a  blue 
and  purple  effulgence;  median 

segment  less  closely  punctured,  0  ^  R1 

not  cribrate   &>fc'/ro««  ? ,  p.  8L 


SCOTJA. 


73 


c*.  Winga  liglit  fuscous  with  a  rosy 
"  ett'iilffpnce;  median  segment  very 

sparsely  punctured    5.  woW.s,  p.  81. 

Smaller,  under  18  mm.  long. 
(iK  Vertex  and  front  wholly  ornnge- 

red  or  yellow,  sides  of  proiiotum  ,•  o  «  ft! 

above  yellow  .   S.  temte  $,r.81. 

6'.  Front  below  vertex  with  a  cowl- 
shaped  black  mark,  sides  of  pro- 

notum  above  black    S.  cucuUata,  ^ 

b'-.  Head  whollv  black. 

a\  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  wholly 
black. 

a^.  Front  above  base  of  antennae 

and  up  to  posterior  ocelli  raised. 
flS.  Vertex  smooth,  impunctate.  .    S.  kevuieps,  p. 
66.  Vertex  closely  punctured  ....    S.  ci/nmpenms,  p. 
6*.  Front  between  base  of  antennae 

and  ocelli  with  a  subquadrate  _ 

depression    S.  carbonana,  ^. 

c*.  Front  between  base  of  antennse 

and    ocelli    normal,  rounded, 

neither  raised  nor  depressed. 

a'.  Median  segment  posteriorly  ,    ,    •  qq 

deeply  emarginate    S.  redt.enhacheri,  p.  Md. 

b\  Median  segment  posteriorly 

truncate,  not  emarginate   S.  ccerulans,  p.  arf, 

¥.  Head  and  thorax  black  ;  abdomen 
black  variegated  with  yellow  or 


ferruginous  red. 


„  .  Sod  to  5th  abdominal  segments 
fringed  thickly  with  ferruginous- 
red  hairs,  apical  segment  ferru- 
ginous with  ferruginous  pubes- 
cence   '5-  indica,  p.  84. 

6".  2nd  to  5th  abdominal  segments, 
or   any  of  them,  with  lateral 

maculfe  or  transverse  bands  at  [P- 

the  base  red    S.  quadripustidata, 

c'.  The  sides  of  pronotum  as  well  as 
abdomen  -variegated  with  yellow 

or  orange-yellow    S.  humeralis  S ,  p.  81. 

d'.  Only  3rd  and  4th  abdominal  seg- 
ments variegated  with  yellow  .  .    S.fuloifrons  J ,  p.  81. 

Wings  light  brownish,  or  fusco-  or  flavo- 

hyaline. 

a'.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  variegated 
with  yellow,  sometimes  also  with  ferru- 
ginous. 

a^.  Vertex  and  front  of  the  head  wholly 
yellow. 

Thorax  and  abdomen  variegated 
with  black  and  yellow  only;  base  of 
1st  abdominal  segment  tuberculate 
above  ;  disc  of  mesonotum  smooth, 
impunctate   aikkimensh,  p.  85. 


-1 


SCOLIIDJB. 


6'.  Thorax  and  abdomen  variegated 
with  black,  yellow,  and  ferrugi- 
nous ;  1st  abdominal  segment  not 
tuborculate  ;  disc  of  mesonotum 

closely  punctured   S.  histrionica,  p.  86. 

J)-.  Vertex  and  front  of  head  v.ariegated 
black  and  yellow. 

a^.  Autennce  orange-red   S.  elizabethee  S  >  78. 

6".  AntenniB  black. 

a*.  Posterior  lateral  angles  of  median 

segment  yellow   S.  desidiosa,  p.  86. 

b^.  Posterior  lateral  angles  of  median 

segment  deep  red    S.  vivida,  p.  87. 

c''.  Posterior  lateral  angles  of  median 
segment  black. 
o\  Abdomen— Ist  segment  black, 
2nd  broadly  yellow  in  the 
middle  above,  3rd  with  large 
yellow  lateral  maculEe,  remain- 
ing segments  black   .    8.  venusta,  p.  88. 

v.  Abdomen — 2nd  segment  with 
yellow  lateral  maculte,  3rd 
segment  with  a  transverse 
yellow  band  deeply  emarginate 
above  and  below,  remaining 

segments  black    8.  kirbyi,  p.  88. 

c'.  Head  wholly  black   S.  specifica,  p.  89. 

h'  The  whole  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen 

black    S.eliformis,^.dQ. 

A.  Fore  wing  ivith  three  cubital  cells. 
158.  Scolia  nudata,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  110,  ?  ;  Smiss.  ^-  Sich.  Cat. 
Scol.  p.  38,  2  c?- 

$  .  Head  and  abdomen  somewhat  sparsely  but  coarsely  punc- 
tured ;  thorax  densely  punctured ;  clypeus  slightly  convex,  smooth 
and  shinmg  in  the  "middle,  punctured  at  the  sides,  its  anterior 
margin  rounded,  the  space  round  the  ocelli  on  the  vertex  and 
behind  the  eyes  smooth  and  shining;  the  sides  of  the  post- 
scutellum  with  oblique  divergent  striae,  the  cerjtral  portion  of  the 
median  segment  almost  cribrate ;  legs  stout,  punctured,  covered 
with  stiff  pubescence  and  spines ;  abdomen  as  wide  as  the  thorax, 
the  basal  4  segments  with  the  puncturing  widely  spaced  in  the 
middle  above.  Black,  the  abdomen  with  purple  and  blue  mdescent 
shades  in  certain  Ughts  ;  wings  very  dark  fuscous  with  a  deep 
purple  effulgence ;  a  sparse  scattered  black  pubescence  covers  the 
whole  insect,  and  becomes  somewhat  dense  on  the  apical  two 
segments  of  the  abdomen. 

J  shnilar,  but  smaUer  and  slighter  ;  clypeus  subtriangular, 
its  anterior  margin  transverse  in  the  middle,  oblique  at  tlie  sides  ; 
the  wings  lighter  fuscous,  with  hyalme  spaces  in  the  2nd  and  drd 
cubital,  the  discoidal,  and  submedial  cells.  ,  -  i  n 

Hab.  Assam  ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim.  ?  .  Lemji7i  lo-lJ ;  exjj. 
38  mm.     6  .  Length  14  ;  ea;^.  29  mm. 


SCOLIA. 


75 


159   Scolia  opalina,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  89,  $  c?;  ^mm. 
cS-  Sich.  Cat.  Scot.  p.  42  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Munch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v, 

Scdia  uuimaculata,  Kirbij,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1889,  p.  446,  $ . 

P  .  Strongly  punctured  and  sparsely  pubescent ;  clypeus  oval, 
its  posterior  margin  tuberculate  in  the  middle  just  below  the  base 
of  the  antennffi,  anterior  bent  downwards  and  arched ;  the  face  m 
front,  the  vertex,  the  middle  of  the  mesonotum,  a  central  space 
above  on  the  basal  three  segments  of  the  abdomen,  and  a  space 
along  the  middle  of  the  whole  of  the  ventral  segments  with 
distinct  but  sparse  and  scattered  punctures ;  the  pro-  and  meta- 
notum,  the  sides  of  the  thorax  and  of  the  abdomen  more  closely 
punctured.  Black,  with  splendid  prismatic  purple  and  green 
colours  reflected  in  certain  lights ;  wings  dark  fuscous  brown, 
with  a  brilliant  green  effulgence,  the  cell  enclosed  by  the  recurrent 
nervure  flavo-hyaline. 

Hah.  Sikhim  ;  Tenasserim ;  Borneo.  ?  .  Length  40-45  ;  exp. 
80-87  mm.     d  ■  Length  19  ;  exp.  46  mm. 

160.  Scolia  tyriantMna,  Kirhy,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1889,  p.  446,  pi.  xv, 

fig-  2,  ? . 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  coarsely  and  somewhat  closely  punctured  ; 
abdomen  more  sparsely  and  finely  punctured ;  the  vertex  above 
the  ocelli,  the  disc  of  tlie  mesonotum,  and  the  median  portion  of 
the  2ud  and  3rd  abdominal  segments  smooth,  or  with  only  a  few 
scattered  punctures  ;  the  punctures  on  the  basal  segment  of  the 
abdomen  anteriorly  coarse  like  those  on  the  thorax ;  two  parallel 
abbreviated  lateral  furrows  on  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum. 
Intense  black,  with  short  black  pubescence  on  the  back  of  the 
head,  sides  of  the  thorax  and  of  the  abdomen,  the  last  with  a 
brilliant  purple  effulgence  in  certain  lights ;  wings  very  dark 
fuscous,  with  a  magnificent  purple  and  violet  effulgence. 

Eab.  Andaman  Islands ;  Tenasserim.  $  .  Length  21 ;  exp.  38  mm. 

161.  Scolia  procer,  Illiy.  Mag.,  Ins.  i,  p.  196,  $  J. 

Scolia  procera,  Lejiel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  519  ;  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  111. 
ScoHa  patricialis,  Burm.  Abh.  Nat.  Ges.  Rails,  i,  pt.  4,  p.  19. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  in  parts 
pubescent  and  punctured ;  the  disc  of  the  clypeus  raised  in  the 
middle,  subconcave  on  each  side,  coarsely  punctured,  its  anterior 
margin  rounded  ;  the  front,  the  mesonotum  in  the  centre,  and  the 
middle  of  the  abdominal  segments,  above  and  below,  at  their  base 
smooth  and  shining;  the  vertex,  the  prothorax  in  front,  the 
mesonotum  anteriorly,  at  the  sides  and  at  the  apex,  the  scutellum 
and  postscutellum,  the  median  segment,  and  the  apex  and  sides  of 
the  abdominal  segments  with  coarse  punctures,  dense  on  some  parts ; 
legs  densely  spined  and  pubescent  with  stiff  hairs.  Black,  the 
front  of  the  face  above  the  antennse  up  to  the  vertex,  the  shoulders 
of  the  pronotum,  the  scutellum  in  the  middle  and  a  spot  on  the 


76 


sooliid;e. 


postscutellum,  a  crescentic  mark  in  the  middle  of  the  let 
segment  of  the  abdomen,  and  a  large  rectangular  spot  on  each 
side  of  the  3rd  segment  at  base  chrome-yellow;  the  vertex  of  the 
head,  the  front  of  the  pronotum  and  of  the  mesonotum,  the  sides 
of  the  median  segment,  and  the  apical  margins  and  sides  of  the 
abdominal  segments  with  stiff  coarse  black  pubescence  ;  wings  dark 
fuscous  brown,  with  a  splendid  purple  and  green  effulgence. 

d  differs  in  having  in  addition  the  cl ypeus,  the  vertex,  and  a 
broad  line  behind  the  eyes  yellow.  Varieties  have  the  thorax  and 
1st  segment  of  the  abdomen  entirely  black,  or  the  median  segment 
maculate  and  the  spots  at  the  base  of  the  3rd  segment  joined 
into  a  stripe,  or  the  posterior  margin  of  the  1st  segment  with  an 
additional  stripe  yellowish,  and  the  fringe  of  hairs  fulvous. 

Bah.  India,  Burma,  Tenasserim,  extending  to  Sumatra,  Borneo, 
and  Java.  $  .  Length  48-54 ;  exjj.  94-lUO  mm.  6  -  Length 
40-48  ;  exp.  80-88  mm. 


162.  Scolia  capitata,  Gu^r.  Voy.  Coq.  ii,  pt.  2,  p.  248;  Burm.  Ahh. 
Nat.  Ges.  Halle,  i,  pt.  4,  p.  20  ;  Sausa.  Sr  Sick.  Cat.  Scol.  p.  4/ , 
$  J  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  102. 
Scolia  ruficeps,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  111. 
$ .  Head  smooth,  with  a  few  scattered  punctures ;  thorax 
closelv,  abdomen  more  sparsely  punctured ;  clypeus  transversely 
oval,  closely  punctured  at  the  sides,  a  squai-e 
portion  in  the  middle  raised,  smooth,  the  space 
around  the  anterior  ocellus  and  a  line  below 
the  vertex  smooth.    Black,  the  head  blood-red  ; 
the  thorax  and  abdomen  with  iridescent  blue 
and  purple  tints  in  certain  lights ;  wings  brown 
with  a  golden  effulgence. 

similar,  but  with  the  wings  darker. 
Fig.  U.Scolia         Varieties  have  the   anterior  legs  variegated 
capitata,  2-   v    with  yellow  or  ferruginous,  or  the  front  and 

scape  of  the  antennae  black. 
Hab    Kumaun;   Sikhim ;  Calcutta;   Burma;   Tenasserim  to 
the   Philippine  Islands.     ?  .  Length  18-21 ;  exp.  36-40  mm. 
J  .  Length  12-20  ;  exp.  34-37  mm. 

163.  Scolia  rubiginosa,  IW.  JEnt.  Syst.  ii,  p.  230;  Sm,ith,  Cat.  iii, 
p.  Ill ;  Sauss.     Sich.  Cat.  Scol.     46,  $ 
Scoiia  ornata,  Lepel.  Rym.  iii,  p.  517. 
Q    Head  except  the  clypeus,  disc  of  the  mesonotum,  the  scu- 
tellum,  and  the  central  portion  of  the  first  four  abdominal  segments 
above  smooth  and  shining ;  the  pronotum,  the  sides  and  front  of  the 
mesonotum,  the  median  segment,  and  the  sides  and  ^F"^' 
of  segments  1-4  of  the  abdomen  coarsely  and  fo.sel.Y  P^"cturcd 
the  legs  thickly  covered  with  spines  and  stiff  hairs,  f^^f^y^^ 
head  except  the  clypeus  and  mandibles,  and  segments  3-6  ot 
the  abdSmen  red;  Ibe  pubescence  at  the  back  of  the  head  and 


SC'OLIA.  '  ' 


on  the  black  parts  black,  fen-uginous  red  on  the  red  poitions, 
w  nisdar   fuscous  brown,  with  a  brilliant  purple  effulgence 

S  5>  re  Ses  the  ?  ,  but  is  more  pubescent,  more  closely 
anrrenlirpa  cu  red,  and  the  head  smaller  m  proportion 
a  bkck  Varieties  may  have  any  or  all  o£  the  following  parts- 
Se  head  (9  and  d )  and  the  3rd  and  apical  segments  ot  the 
abdomen-elher  partially  or  totally  black,  with  b kck  pubescence 
Kumaunf  Sikhim;  Calcutta;  India  ;  Assam  ;  Burnu  . 
Tenasserim;  Siam  to  Malacca  Borneo  a.id  l^^^'l;^^^''' 
28-35  ;  exp.  44-66  mm.     d  •  Length  24-27  ;  e:vp.  54-62  mm. 

164  Scolia  hffimorrlioidalis,  Fah:  Mant.  i,  p.  280  ;  Lepel.  Hym. 
iii  p  522 ;  S»w'</i,  CVrf.  in,  p.  110.      ,    ^    ,    ^         iq9  +nl-> 
Sphex^  raduia,  <S«fe.  {nec  Fahr.)  Abcjek.  Qesch.  Ins.  p.  192,  tab. 

Sco're^ythvo^eptala,  King,  Weh  S,  'J'  ^'^^  i 

Scolia  insigais,  Sams.  Ann.  Soo.  E,rt.  Fr.  18o8,  p.  197,  pi.  v,  fag.  1, 
5  ;  Sauss.^  Sick.  Cat.  Scot.  p.  4  / . 
Q    Head  pro-  and  mesonotum  anteriorly,  scntellura,  and  seg- 
ments 2-4  o'l:  the  abdomen  smooth,  with  only  a  few  scattered  coarse 
Inctures-  the  apex  of  the  mesonotum,  the  median  segment,  and 
EbS  s'egment  of  the  abdomen  closely  pnnctnred  ;  the  clypeus 
a  the  m  ddfe  vertically  and  the  postscutellnm  transversely  rugose; 
the  median  segment  short,  truncate  posteriorly,  the  apex  emar- 
SnaS    legs  densely  pubescent  and  spinose.    Variegated  with 
black   yellow,  and  red,  with  black  and  ferruginous  pubescence ; 
Se  clypeus,  the  antenna.,  region  of  the  ocelli,  pro-  and  ~tum 
postscutellum,  median  segment,  legs,         abdomen  black ;  the 
head  above,  the  base  of  the  antennae,  and  the  scuteUum  red  ,  the 
2nd  and  3rd  segments  of  the  abdomen  with  a  large  yellow  macula 
on  each  side  at  base  above;  the  pubescence  on  the  clypeus 
around  the  base  of  the  antennte,  on  the  pronotum,  on  the  middle  ot 
the  median  segment,  and  on  the  2nd  and  following  segments  o  the 
abdomen  ferruginous  red,  that  on  the  sides  of  the  thorax,  the  legs 
and  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  black  on  the  legs  mixed  wi  h 
some  ferruginous  hairs :  wings  deep  tulyo-hyaline,  broadly  but 
hghtly  fuscescent  along  the  apical  and  posterior  margins ;  nervures 
testaceous  brown  ;  tegulaj  black.  nnrl 
^  similar  but  with  the  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  hnely  and 
closely  punctured  all  over  ;  the  head  and  scutellum  are  black,  not 
red,  and  the  ferruginous  pubescence  extends  over  the  vertex  ot 
the' head,  the  mesonotum,  and  scutellum.  yr   -u  ■ 

Hah.  Southern  Europe  ;  Persia;  Karachi;  Punjab?;  Kashmir. 
§.  Lengtli  40-45;  exp.  68-74  mm.  6-  Length  25-31;  exp. 
48-56  mm. 

B.  Fore  wing  tvith  two  cubital  cells. 

165.  Scolia  erratica.  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  88. 

Scolia  verticalis,  Bunn.  Ahh.  Nat.  Ges.  Halh,  i,  pt.  4,  p.  37  (nec 

Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  n,v-^^^)-     „        .       iq-q      oio  o 
Scolia  westermanni,  Sauss.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  lu:  ISob,  p.         ¥  • 


78 


SCOLIIDJE. 


2  .  Head  smooth,  with  only  a  very  few  scattered  punctures ; 
thorax  and  abdomen  coarsely  punctured,  the  punctures  on  seg- 
ments 2-5  of  the  latter  rather  sparse;  clypeus  with  a  central, 
subtriangular  raised  portion,  above  which  there  is  an  abbreviated 
vertical  furrow ;  median  segment  short,  posteriorly  truncate,  the 
truncation  concave  ;  legs  pubescent  and  spinose ;  abdomen  pseudo- 
sessile,  about  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax  together.  Black,  the 
head  bricli-red,  the  sides  and  anterior  margin  of  the  clypeus 
narrowly  blackish;  wings  dark  fuscous,  with  a  rich  purple 
eifulgence. 

c?  similar,  but  smaller,  with  porrect  thick  antenna,  and 
wanting  the  raised  central  subtriangular  plane  on  the  clypeus; 
wings  lighter  in  colour,  with  less  of  the  purple  effulgence. 

Hah.  Sikhim ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim ;  Sumatra  ;  Java.  5  . 
Length  17-19;  eocp.  30-32  mm.  d.  Length  13-15;  exp.  31- 
32  mm. 

166.  Scolia  elizabethae,  n.  sp. 

2  .  Head  smooth  ;  thorax  closely  and  coarsely  punctured,  the 
posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum  narrowly,  the  median  portion 
of  the  mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  postscutellum  smooth;  the 
median  segment  more  closely  punctured  than  the  rest,  posteriorly 
concavo-truncate ;  the  abdomen  not  so  closely  punctured,  the  basal 
segments  shining.  Black,  the  back  of  the  head,  the  pronotum, 
sides  of  the  thorax,  median  segment,  legs,  and 
posterior  margins  of  the  segments  of  the 
abdomen  covered  with  a  thin  black  pubescence ; 
the  mandibles  fringed  beneath  with  long  red- 
dish hairs ;  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae,  the 
head  in  front  and  above  the  base  of  the  scape, 
and  the  basal  half  of  the  3rd  segment  of  the 
abdomen  above  deep  reddish  yellow ;  wings 
fuscous,  with  a  brilliant  purple  effulgence. 
cJ    similar,  but  slighter,  covered  all  over 

Y\g.\b.  Scolia      with  a  thin  hoary  pubescence  mixed  with  some 

elizabethm,  S .  \.  black  hairs,  and  differing  in  having  the  flagellum 
of  the  antennae  of  a  deeper  fulvous-red,  and 
the  clypeus,  a  transverse  mark  in  front  above  the  base  of  the 
antennae,  but  not  quite  up  to  the  anterior  ocellus,  a  narrow  line 
behind  the  eyes,  the  anterior  lateral  angles  of  the  pronotum,  and 
a  large  spot  laterally  at  the  base  of  the  3rd  segment  of  the 
abdomen  clear  straw-yellow  ;  the  abdomen  has  iridescent  purple 
gleams  in  certain  lights,  and  the  wings  are  light  fusco-hyaline,  with 
the  costal  margin  and  apex  of  fore  wing  broadly  fuscous,  having  a 
purple  effulgence. 

Vnr.  c7  .  The  lateral  yellow  spots  at  the  base  of  the  3rd  segment 
of  the  abdomen  obsolete. 

Bah.  Sikhim  above  4000  feet ;  the  higher  hill  forests  in 
Tenasserim  and  Karennee.  $  .  Length  22-26 ;  exp.  48-51  mm. 
cj.  Length  19-23;  exp.  40-45  mm. 


70 

SCOLTA.  •  ' 


167.  Scolia  molesta,  Sams.  ^-  S,ch.  Cat.  Scof  V-  ni,  2  cJ  ,  Cam. 

Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  104. 
Scolia  erratica,  Sauss.  {noc  Smith)  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Ir.  1858,  p.  211, 
2  ;  Stettin,  ent.  Zeit.  1859,  p.  187,  2  <S  • 
2     Closely  resembles  S.  erratica,  Smith  ;    differs   in  the 
meso'notam  oa  the  disc  bring  smooth  with  only  a  few  scattered 
^mcJures.  and  in  having,  on  the  whole,  the  thorax  -d  aMomen 
less  closely  punctured  than  that  species;  in  colour  ^- 
Te  antenL  with  the  scape  and  only  one  or  two  o£  the  basal 
oTnts  of  the  flagellnm  red,  while  in  S.  erratica  the  antennas  aie 

^''^'^Differs  from  the  same  sex  of  S.  erratica  in  haying  the  thorax 
less  densely  punctured,  in  the  abdomen  having  a  brilliant  pnrple 
effulgence,  and  the  wings  being  of  a  lighter  colour. 

Hlb.  Tenasserim;  Siam;  Singapore;  Sumatra;  Java;  Borneo. 
2.  Length  24-5i7;  exp.  42-44  mm.  d-  Length  19-22;  ex^,. 
38-40  mm. 

168.  Scolia  biltiiiata,&Mss.^««.  Soc.  Ent.  F>:mQ,  p.  212 ;  to.  ^ 

Sich.  Cat.  Scot.  p.  115,  c?  ;   Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc. 
(4^)  V,  1892,  p.  105. 
Scolia  bengalensis,  Cam.  t.  c.  p.  104,  2  6  ■ 
2   Densely  punctured  and  pubescent ;  the  clypeus  in  the  middle, 
the  vertex,  and  forehead  smooth,  with  only  a  few  punctures ;  the 
abdomen  with  finer  punctures,  beneath  the  base  of  the  2nd  and 
following  segments  smooth ;   legs  with  strong  and  stitt  hairs. 
Black,  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae,  except  the  basal  pint,  brick- 
red  the  3rd  segment  of  the  abdomen  with  a  large  yellow  spot 
on  'each  side,  the  anterior  tarsi  obscurely  piceous ;  wings  dark 
fuscous  suffused  with  violet,  paler  at  the  apical  and  posterior 

margins.  „    ,         ,  „  , 

J  similar,  but  has  only  the  apex  of  the  antennae  fulvous, 
•  and  the  4th  not  the  3rd  "segment  of  the  abdomen  bimaculated. 
The  2  sometimes  has  lateral  spots  also  on  the  4th,  and  the  6  on 
the  5th  segment  of  the  abdomen. 

iTrtft.  Nepal;   Poona;   Bangalore.      2  ■  Length  18-25;  exp. 
32-42  mm.     6  •  Length' 15-19  ;  exp.  24-28  mm. 

169.  Scolia  aureipennis,  Lepel.  Sym.  iii,  p.  625,  2  ;  'S'^mss-  <-5-  Sich. 
Cat.  Scot,  p .  109,  2  c?  ;  Cam.  Mem.  3Ianch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v, 
1892,  p.  103.  ^  „  „  , 

Scolia  jurinei,  Sauss.  Melan.  Hijm.  (Mhn.  Soc.  Phys.  M.  J\.  Crencoe, 
xiv)  p.  45. 

Scolia  instahilis,  Smit  Ca  i  iii,  p.  88. 

Scolia  ruficornis,  Eluy,  Web.  S,-  Mohr,  Beitr.  i,  p.  25. 

2  .  Head  smooth,  with  a  few  distant  punctures ;  thorax  and 
abdomen  more  closely  punctured,  the  latter  slightly  pubescent ; 
clypeus  smooth  and  shining  in  the  centre,  with  stiff  hairs  on  each 
side  and  round  the  base  of  the  antenna  ;  scutellum,  postscutellum, 
and  median  segment  smooth,  with  a  few  coarse  scattered  punctures ; 


80  scoLiiD-i;. 

abdomen  more  finely  punctured,  the  sides  oE  the  2nd  and  5th 
se-^raents  smooth  and  without  punctures.  BlaclL,  the  flagellum  ot 
the  antennro  execpt  the  basal  joint  red,  the  pubescence  on  the  sides 
of  the  clypeus  and  about  the  base  ol;  antenna)  ferruginous,  the  re.rt 
black;  wngs  fuscous,  with  purple,  coppery,  and  green  reflections. 

^  similar,  more  finely  punctured  and  more  pubescent,  the 
flageUum  of  the  antenna  fuscous,  above  fulvous-red ;  the  abdomen 
with  brilliant  prismatic  tints  of  purple  and  blue.  . 

Eab  Sikhim;  Malabar;  Tenasserim ;  Java;  and  the  Philippines. 
5  .  Length  29-44 ;  exp.  48-54  mm.     J  a  httle  smaller. 

170.  Scolia  obscura,  Xe;W.  Ilym.  iii,  p.  527,  5;  S7,iith,  Cat.  iii, 
B  89-  Sau^s.  Sich.  Cat.  Scot.  p.  113;  Cam.  Mem.  Manoh. 
L.  Fh.  Soc.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  104. 

9  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  very  sparsely  punctured,  the 
minctures  somewhat  closer  on  the  pronotum,  anterior  half  of  the 
mesonotum,  and  on  the  4th  and  5th  abdominal  segments  above ; 
the  vertex  of  the  head,  the  posterior  half  of  the  mesonotum, 
seuteUum,  postscutellum,  median  segment,  and  basal  two  segments 
of  the  abdomen  with  only  a  very  few  distant  punctures ;  median 
segment  short,  sloping  laterally  from  a  central  longitudinal  Ime 
concavo-truncate  posteriorly  ;  abdomen  massive,  the,  basal  segment 
taberculate  above  Black,  with  black  and  scanty  ferruginous 
pubescence;  head  in  front,  pro-  and  mesonotum  anteriorly  and 
the  basal  seg.nent  of  the  abdomen  with  a  ferruginous  tint;  the 
antenna)  bright  yellow,  the  scape  nigro-ferrugmous  ;  the  legs  and 
apical  segment  of  the  abdomen  ferruginous,  studded  xvith  stiff 
ferruginous  hairs  ;  wings  fuscous  with  a  coppery,  m  certain  hghts 
a  golden,  efl^ulgence,  nervures  and  tegul^  ferruginous. 

Mab.  Bengal.     ?  .  Length  18  ;  e.vp.  36  mm. 

171.  Scolia  bhamoensis,  Magretti,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gm.  (2")  xii,  1892, 
p.  239,  5  ■ 

P  Head  the  pronotum,  and  propleurse  somewhat  closely,  the 
xne^ol-  and  metanotum  densely  and  deeply  punctured,  cribrate, 
t^?  meso-  and  metapleura  smooth,  shinmg  posteriorly,  shghtly 
nuncTured  ;  the  basal  abdominal  segment  coarsely  and  deeply,  the 
9nd  ind  3rd  sparsely,  and  the  remaining  segments  still  more 
1  i,fW  nunctured  •  head  and  pronotum  with  a  thm  short  pubes- 
cete  'h'X-sT  nd  the  abdomen  beneath  covered  with  long  hau-s. 
Black  the  head  (the  mandibles,  the  apical  margin  of  the  clypeus, 
fhe  base  of  the  aiitennm,  and  a  line  above  the  ocelh  excepted),  the 
rf.nnl  .niles  of  the  pronotum,  and  a  minute  Ime  on  the  margin 
of  "h  meinot  im  above  the  tegute  golden  or  rufo-ferruginous ; 

Eab.  Bhamo,  Upper  Burma.    ?  .  Le^igth  22  mm. 


SCOLIA. 


81 


172.  Scolia  Mvifrons,  Snuss.  Mel.  Hym.  p.  43,  pi.  -,  fig'.  11,  9  ; 

Sauss.  lV  Sich.  Cat.  Scol.  p.  116,  $       Cum.  Mem.  Manch. 
L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  106. 
Scolia  persoiiata,  Sniitli,  Cat.  iii,  p.  91. 

P  Scolia  bipunctata,  Klug,  Web.  Sf  Mohr,  Beitr.  Naturk.  i,  p.  .36. 

S .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  finely  punctured 
and  pubescent,  the  pubescence  thick  and  close  on  each  side  ot" 
the  clypeus,  on  the  back  of  the  head,  the  pronotum  in  front, 
the  sides  of  the  thorax,  the  legs,  and  abdomen ;  the  anterior 
ocellus  sunk  in  a  pit,  a  short  transverse  furrow  immediately 
behind  the  posterior  ocelli ;  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum  smooth  ;  the 
median  segment  very  short,  posteriorly  concavo-truncate ;  abdo- 
men very  long,  nearly  twice  the  length  of  the  head  and  thorax 
together.  Black,  the  3rd  and  the  apical  half  of  the  4th  segment 
yellow:  the  pubescence  black  on  the  black  parts  of  the  body, 
fulvous  red  on  the  yellow.    Var.  The  head  in  front  yellow. 

$  similar,  but  with  the  vertex  of  the  head  and  two  lateral 
spots  on  the  3vd  segment  of  the  abdomen  yellow. 

Hah.  India  (Sauss.) ;  Sylhet ;  Assam  ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ; 
Singapore.  $  .  "  Length  37  ;  exp.  68  mm."  d  .  LengiJi  35 ;  exp. 
68  mm. 

Hote. — I  have  described  the  male  in  full,  as  neither  in  my 
own  nor  the  British  Museum  collections  are  there  any  female 
specimens. 

*173.  Scolia  noMlis,  Smtss.  Ann.  Soc.  lint.  1):  1858,  p.  214,5  ;  Sauss. 
Sr  Sich.  Cat  Scol.  p.  117,  $  ;  Cam.  Mem.  3Ianch.  L.  Ph.  Soc. 
(4)  V,  1892,  p.  106. 

2  .  "Of  large  or  medium  size,  shining  ;  head  impunctate,  with 
fulvous  pubescence,  front  and  vertex  yellow,  antennae  black,  their 
base  ferruginous  ;  thorax  with  fulvous  pubescence,  densely  punc- 
tured, cribrate,  anteriorly ;  in  the  middle  and  on  the  scutellum 
shining,  impunctate  ;  metathorax  with  cinereous  pile,  shining, 
lightly  punctured ;  the  base  of  the  abdomen  with  fulvous  pub- 
escence ;  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments  with  two  spots  or  bands  vellow ; 
the  apical  segment  with  fuscous  hairs  ;  legs  red ;  wings  pale  fuscous 
with  a  rosy  effulgence.  Length  25  mm. :  wine  21  mm. 
"Hah.  India." 


174.  Scolia  humeralis,  Sauss.  Cat.  Scol.,  Mantissa,  ii,  p.  .321 :  Cam. 
Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  102. 
Scolia  scapulata,  Oribodo,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2')  i,  1884,  p.  362. 

$  .  Head  smooth,  the  thorax  and  abdomen  punctured;  clypeus 
transversely  oval,  pubescent  at  the  sides  ;  the  centre  of  the  median 
segment  and  the  apex  of  the  scutellum  and  postscutellum  smooth ; 
median  segment  very  short,  posteriorly  truncate,  the  truncation 
convex  ;  abdomen  pseudosessile.  Black  ;  the  head  above  the  base 
of  the  antennae,  the  shoulders  of  the  prothorax,  and  a  square 

TOL.  I.  fi 


82 


BC0LIID.5. 


macula  on  each  side  of  the  base  of  the  3rd  and  4th  segments  of 
the  abdomen  fulvous  red;  the  pubescence  on  the  abdomen  above 
black,  on  the  clypeus,  the  back  of  the  head,  and  the  ventral 
segments  of  the  abdomen  silvery  white. 

d  similar,  but  the  head  black,  with  only  the  emargination  of 
the  eyes  fulvous  red.-Varietiea  have  one  or  both  spots  on  the 
abdomen  reduced  to  mere  specks,  or  the  spot  on  the  4th  segment 

"''Srl^'Smaf'Tenasserim,  extending  to  the  Malay  Peninsuk. 
$.  Length  14-18;  eccp.  26-32  mm.  6-  Length  13-1  <  ;  exp. 
28-30  mm. 


175.  Scolia  cucuUata,  n.  sp. 

9  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining  ;  the  head, 
mesonotum  scutell^im,  postscutellum,  and  abdomen  with  a  few 
SreguTariy  scattered  coarse  and  deep  punctures  Pronotmn  and 
median  segment  more  closely  and  finely  punctured,  the  latter 
^ostex^rly' concave,  with  the  lateral  posterior  angles  somewhat 

educed;  the^a^^^^^^^^^^ 

eTeaKr^edT  clypei.  a  eo  W^^^^ 

below  the  vertex,  and  the  antennae  black,  the  3rd  and  4m 
abdominaf  segments  with  large  deep  red  macute  on  each  side; 
tings  dark  fuscous,  with  a  brilliant  purple  eft^lgence. 

Mab.  Sikhim  ;  Bengal.     ?  .  Length  lb  ;  e.vp.  27  mm. 

176.  Scolia  l^viceps,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  91,  ?  d;  Sauss.  ^  Sich.  Cat. 
ScuL  p.  118.  £  I. 

punctures  finer  on  the  latter  ,  oiy  p  ^  j  pronotum  in 

pubescent  hollow  on  "^f  ' ^^,^;\°^th   tS/  pubescent, 

rout,  and  abdomen  laterally  J^^f J^^^^^^  le^  and  abdomen 
Black,  the  pubescence  cinereous,  that  on  the  legs 

'T"SJ.\vith  erect  black  P"^»-f|;„^;^  t^^lt'o'f 
„en  with  finer  «"<lf,rLTe  ;Seri  r^^^^^^^^^^  --^ 

30  mm.    1 .  fngA  12-16  i  °i>- 
Soc.  lij  v,  1892,  p.  102. 


SCOLIA. 


83 


raised  and  projecting  ovei'  the  base  of  the  antennas,  its  infei-ioi- 
half  thickly  and  finely  punctured  ;  median  segment  broad,  concave- 
truncate,  smooth  and  shining  laterally  at  the  base  ;  basal  segment 
of  abdomen  campanulate.  Black,  vA'ith  sparse  black  pubescence  on 
the  back  of  the  head,  the  sides  of  the  thorax,  the  legs,  and  abdo- 
men, the  last  with  a  purple  iridescent  effulgence;  wings  dark, 
fuscous  at  the  base,  with  a  purple  and,  at  apex,  with  a  coppery 
golden  effulgence. 

d  similar,  but  slighter,  and  with  the  wings  of  a  lighter  colour. 

Hah.  Ceylon  ;  Java.  $  .  Length  18  ;  exp.  26  mm.  d  slightly 
smaller. 

*178.  Scolia  carbonaria,  Sauss.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1858,  p.  210,  J 
Sauss.  1.5-  Sich.  Cat.  Scnl.  p.  106,  5  J;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L. 
Ph.  Soc.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  103. 

5 .  "Of  largish  size,  black  and  pubescent ;  head  and  thorax 
lightly  punctured  all  over,  shining;  abdomen  highly  polished  and 
suffused  with  blue  and  violet  tints,  the  base  constricted,  not 
tuberculate,  the  apex  densely  punctured ;  the  flattened  calcar  of 
the  anterior  tibise  testaceous  ;  wings  fuscous  black  with  violet, 
purple,  and  blue  effulgence,  the  costal  margin  obscure. 

c?  densely  punctured.  The  front  between  the  antennae  and 
the  oceUi  with  a  quadrate  depression  transversely  carinate,  obtuse 
below,  above  markedly  so.  Abdomen  densely  and  profoundly 
punctured,  with  a  bluish  tint.  Wings  fusco-violaceous,  with  violet, 
coppery,  and  deep  blue  effulgence,  the  costa  black. 

"  Hah.  India.  $  .  Length  28  ;  wing  22  mm.  S  •  Length  22  ; 
wing  17  mm." 

*179.  Scolia  redtenbacheri,  Sauss.  Stettin  ent.  Zeit.  1859,  p.  186 ; 
Saitss.  ^  Sich.  Cat.  Scol.  p.  105  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph. 
Soc.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  103. 

5  .  "  Of  small  size,  length  of  S.  maura,  Fabr.  (i.  e.  18-25  mm.) ; 
black,  shining,  the  pubescence  entirely  black,  abdomen  and  meta- 
notum  suffused  with  violet  tints ;  thorax  cribrate,  but  the  middle 
of  the  mesonotum  and  the  lateral  lobes  smooth,  sparsely  punctured, 
the  metanotum  deeply  emarginate  ;  the  1st  abdominal  segment 
slender,  funnel-shaped ;  wings  of  a  fuscous  purple.  c?  •  More 
slender,  densely  punctured  all  over.    Length  24 ;  wing  1*1  mm." 

Hah.  Barrackpore;  Java. 

180.  Scolia  csenilans,  Zepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  526 ;  Smith,  Cat.  ill,  p.  87 ; 
Sauss.  Si-  Sich.  Cat.  Scot.  p.  104,  . 

d  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  somewhat  coarsely 
punctured  ;  clypeus  scutiform,  subconvex,  its  anterior  margin  rather 
acute  in  the  middle ;  mesonotum  with  two  short,  parallel,  longi- 
tudinally impressed  lines  on  the  disc  above  the  tegulai ;  the 
scutellum  large,  prominent ;  median  segment  short,  sloped  poste- 
riorly, truncate  at  apex,  the  truncation  slightly  concave;  legs 

G  2 


84  scoliidjE, 

short,  pubescent  and  spinose ;  abdomen  long,  much  longer  than 
the  head  and  thorax  together,  the  basal  segment  narrow  and 
contracted.  Black,  with  black  pubescence  on  the  head,  the  apex 
of  the  median  segment,  and  on  the  apical  two  segments  of  the 
abdomen  above  ;  the  abdomen  in  certain  lights  with  blue  and  purple 
retlections  ;  wings  fuscous,  with  a  golden  and  coppery  effulgence  ; 
nervures  and  tegula;  brownish  black. 

Hah.  India;  Burma;  Tenasserim.      6-  Length  27-30;  exp. 
49-54  mm. 

181.  Scolia  indica,  Sams.  Mel.  mjm.  p.  46,  pi.  —  fisr.  10;  <^ 
Sich.  Cat.  Scol.  p.  119,  S;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v, 
1892,  p.  106. 
Scolia  ignita,  Smith,  Cat.  m,  p.  101,  ? . 

2    The  head  flat  above  and  smooth,  the  front  of  the  face  and 
between  the  antennaj   thickly  punctured  and  pubescent;  the 
clvpeus   with  its  anterior  margin  subtriangular  and  narrowly 
smooth  :  thorax  with  coarse  deep  punctures;  the  posterior  margin 
of  the  pronotum,  the  middle  of  the  mesonotum,  ot  the  post- 
scutellum,  and  of  the  median  segment  smooth  and  impunctate  ;  the 
abdomen  also  smooth  and  impunctate,  or  with  a  very  few  scattered 
punctures  above  and  below.    Black,  with  black  pubescence  on  the 
front  of  the  face  and  legs ;  the  sides  of  the  clypeus  with  a  little 
silverv  pile  on  each  side,  and  the  2nd  to  the  5th  segments  of  the 
abdomen  with  broad  bands  of  stifE  ferrugmous-red  hairs  con- 
tinued below,  the  apical  segment  entirely  covered  with  ferrugmous 
Tabescence  ;  wings  fuscous  brown,  with  purple  reflections. 
^       simUa;,  more  slightly  made  much  more  finely  and  closely 
punctured  on  the  abdomen  as  well  as  on  the  bead  and  thorax ;  the 
&ypeus  convex,  almost  round;  wings  of  a  lighter  fuscous  brown  ; 
Jhe^pubescence  on  the  apical  segments  of  the  abdomen  of  a  much 

liehter  ferruginous  colour.   

Sylhet;  North  Bengal;  Kumaun  ;  Travancore ;  Burma 
Tenasserii.    $  .  Length  30-40  ;  e^p.  48-56  mm.    <S  •  Length  20 . 
exp.  42  mm. 

182   Scolia  quadripustulata,  Fahr.  Spec.  Ins.\,v.  453  ;  i'^-  f^t-  fff/- 
ii,  p  234  ;  id  Syst.  Piez.  p.  244  ;  Lepel.  Hym.  in,  p.  628;  Smith, 

Larra'qiiadr'ipustulata,  Fair.  Ent.  Syd  ii,  y.  222. 

Scolia  hinotata,  Fahr.  Syst.  Piez  V- .     „  , ,  ,  ^g-^r. 

Scolia  hipunctata(?)  et  sex-pustulata.  Mug,  Weh.  ^  Mohr,  mitr. 

Naturk.  i,  pp.  35  &  36.  ••  „f  o  „  9^4 

Scolia  fasciato-puBctata  ^"^'•/^^^^I'Tx  18  9  ;%6  9 
Scolia  fervida.  Smith,  A.  M.  N.  H  (2)  P-  4'^' 

Scolia  stizus,  Sauss.     Sich.  Cat.  Scol.  p.  118,  5  • 
0   Head  and  segments  2-5  of  the  abdomen  sparsely  and  rather 
^  ■  w  «;.l  the  thorax  and  basal  and  apical  abdominal  segments 


SCOLIA. 


85 


segmeut  short  posteriorly,  truncate  and  concave;  legs  densely 
pubescent  and  spinose ;  abdomea  pseudosessile,  longer  than  the 
bead  and  thorax  together.  Black,  w  ith  black  pubescence,  that  on 
the  legs  and  apical  segment  of  the  abdomen  reddish  brown  in 
certain  lights;  colouring  of  the  abdomen  very  variable,  any  or 
all  of  segments  2-5  may  have  red  lateral  luaculac,  sometimes 
coalescing  in  the  middle  of  the  segment  above  and  forming  a 
broad  fascia  at  its  base ;  wings  dark  fuscous  with  a  purple 
effulgence. 

d  similar,  but  smaller  and  slighter,  with  thick  porrect  antennae, 
which  occasionally  have  an  obscure  reddish  tint  at  apex. 

Bab.  Throughout  India ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim ;  extending  to 
Sumatra  and  Java.  2  .  Levgth  15-21 ;  ea^p.  27-35  mm.  J  ■ 
Length  11-16  ;  e.vj7.  20-29  mm. 

183.  Scolia  sikkimensis,  J]mffh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc,  Zool.  xxv,  1896, 
p.  423,  2  6. 

2  •  Closely  allied  to  S.  histrionica,  Fabr.,  but  differs  as  follows  : — 
The  clypeus  has  the  middle  raised,  triangular,  flat,  and  smooth, 
without  punctures,  above  this  a  short  carina  runs  up  between  the 
bases  of  the  antennae;  the  puncturing  on  the  mesonotum  and 
scutellum  is  much  sparser,  leaving  a  central  space  perfectly  bare 
and  smooth ;  the  median  segment  is  narrower,  and  less  concave 
posteriorly ;  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  is  tuberculate 
above,  more  contracted,  and  somewhat  more  closely  punctured. 
In  colour  the  clypeus,  the  front  to  a  liitle  above  the  base  of 
the  antennae,  the  apical  nine  joints  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antenna, 
the  whole  of  the  ihorax  except  the  posterior  lateral  angles  of  the 
median  segment,  the  basal  and  apical  three  segments  of  the 
abdomen,  a  narrow  fascia  above  at  base  of  the  2nd,  and  the  apical 
margins  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments  are  black ;  the  front  below 
the  vertex,  the  occiput,  the  posterior  lateral  angles  of  the  median 
segment,  a  small  spot  on  each  side  at  base  of  the  1st  abdominal 
segment,  the  bases  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  and  a  lengthened  lateral 
subapical  spot  on  the  4tb,  yellow;  the  scape  and  basal  two  joints  of 
the  flagellum  of  the  antenna?,  and  the  femora,  tibiae,  and  tarsi 
of  the  legs  red  with  reddish  pubescence,  which  also  covers  sparsely 
the  thorax  and  basal  segment  of   the  abdomen :   beneath,  the 
pectus,  the  coxaj,  and  trochanters,  and  the  whole  of  the  abdomen 
are  black  :  wings  brownish  hyaline,  a  long  streak  beyond  the  cubital 
cells  and  the  costal  margin  of  the  fore  wing  darker  brown. 

J.  The  head  and  thorax  pruinose,  closely  punctured;  the 
abdomen  smooth,  shining,  with  scattered  punctures ;  the  median 
segment  not  truncate  but  with  a  steep  slope  to  the  apex ;  the 
abdomen  subfusiform,  with  the  basal  segment  contracted.  Black  ; 
the  clypeus,  the  emargination  of  the  eyes,  the  front  below  the 
vertex,  a  streak  behind  the  eyes,  the  pronotum,  the  sides  of  the  pro- 
thorax,  the  tegula;,  a  longitudinal  streak  above  them  on  the  meso- 
notum, the  apex  of  the  scutellum  and  postscutellum  in  the 
middle,  the  sides  and  a  triangular  spot  in  the  middle  at  the  apex 


86 


SCOLIIDjE. 


of  the  mediau  segment,  the  anterior  coxffi  in  front,  femora,  tibise, 
and  tarsi,  tlie  intermediate  femora  and  a  streak  on  the  tibia)  above, 
the  posterior  coxa3  in  front  and  the  femora,  a  large  spot  on  each 
side  at  base  of  the  1st  segment  of  the  abdomen,  the  base  of  the 
2nd  broadly,  and  the  whole  3rd  and  4th  above,  yellow  :  beneath, 
the  abdomen  has  a  yellow  band  on  the  3rd  and  yellow  lateral 
markings  on  the  2nd  and  4th  segments  :  wings  somewhat  lighter 
in  colour  than  in  the  ?  . 

Bob.  Sikhim;  Bengal.     $.  Length  20-23;  exp.  43-45  mm. 
cJ .  Length  19-22  ;  exp.  40-44  mm. 

184.  Scolia  histrionica,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  Suppl.  p.  256;  Sauss.  ^  Sich. 
Cat.  Sco!.  p.  121,  2. 
Scolia  picteti,  Sauss.  Mel.  Bym.  p.  42,  5 . 
Scolia  pulchra,  ISmith,  Cat.  m,  p.  88,  $ . 

?  .  Head  above  and  abdomen  sparsely  but  coarsely  punctured, 
the  clypeus  and  front  to  a  little  above  the  antennae,  the  thorax,  and 
apical  two  segments  of  the  abdomen  above  and  below  densely 
punctured ;  the  vertex  broad,  very  shghtly  convex  ;  median  segment 
short,  posteriorly  truncate,  concave,  with  the  posterior  lateral 
angles  produced ;  legs  pubescent  and  thickly  spinose ;  abdomen 
broad,  pseudosessile,  the  basal  segment  shghtly  tuberculate  m  the 
middle  above.     Variegated  with   black,  red,  and  yeUow,  the 
pubescence   reddish,  the   posterior  margins  of  the  abdominal 
secrments  cUiated  with  a  mixture  of  red  and  black  hairs;  the 
clypeus,  the  face  to  a  little  above  the  antenna?,  the  region  ot  the 
ocelh,  the  mesonotum,  the  apical  margins  of  the  basal  three  seg- 
ments of  the  abdomen,  and  a  median  longitudinal  streak  on  the  dra 
and  4th,  black;  the  black  marking  on  the  basal  segment  is  ^yldest 
in  the  middle,  that  on  the  2nd  is  doubly  emargmate  anteriorly ; 
the  front  above,  the  vertex,  back  of  the  head,  sides  of  the  pro- 
notum,  and  bases  of  segments  2-4  of  the  abdomen  above,  yellow  ; 
the  antenna,  the  pronotum  in  the  middle,  the  scutellum,  post- 
scutellum,  median  segment,  legs,  basal  halF  of  the  1st  and  apical 
two  segments  of  the  abdomen  above,  red ;  wings  brownish  hyaline, 
opaque  along  the  nervures  of  the  fore  wing,  and  with  an  opaque 
spot  in  the  2nd  discoidal  cell  and  a  brownish  cloud  at  the  apex 
beyond  the  radial  cell ;  nervures  testaceous  brown  ;  tegulse  red. 

Hal    North-west  Provinces;   Bengal;   Bangalore;  Burma; 
Tenasserim.     $  .  Length  22-25 ;  exp.  41-44  mm. 

185    Scolia  desidiosa,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc,  Zool.  xxv,  1896, 
p.424,  ?. 

Q  Head  and  abdomen  sparsely  punctured,  thorax  finely  and 
closely  punctured  ;  clypeus  transversely  oval,  reticula  e  m  the 
middle,  punctured  at  the  sides,  the  space  around  the  ocelh,  on  the 
vertex  and  behind  the  eyes  smooth  and  shining  ;  the  '"esonotum 
Ind  scutellum  in  the  middle  with  the  punctures  coarser  and  more 
widely  spaced;  median  segment  very  short,  truncate,  the  sides  a 


SCOLIA.. 


87 


little  produced 
pubescent  aud 


■pig.  Vt.Scolia 
(Discolia)  desidiosa, 

2-  h 


posteriorly  and  sparsely  punctured;  legs  densely 
spiuose  ;  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  the 
punctures  fine  and  scattered,  the  apical 
margins  of  the  segments  ciliated  above  and 
below  with  stiff  hairs,  the  apical  segment 
densely  and  finely  punctured  and  pubescent. 
Variegated  with  black  and  yellow,  the 
pubescence  above  and  below  whitish,  the  cUia 
on  the  segments  of  the  abdomen  above  black ; 
two  spots  on  the  front  above  the  base  of  the 
antennae,  the  lateral  angles  of  the  pronotum,  a 
spot  on  the  mesopleurae  beneath  the  wings, 
the  scutellum  and  postscutellum  in  the  middle, 
the  posterior  lateral  angles  of  the  median 
segment,  and  large  irregular  markings  on 
each  side  of  segments  1-4  of  the  abdomen,  chrome-yellow; 
the  rest  of  the  head,  thorax,  aud  abdomen  black;  the  2nd  segment 
has  a  black  circular  spot  on  each  side  within  the  yellow  maculae, 
the  maculEe  on  the  3rd  segment  nearly  coalesce,  those  on  the  -ith 
are  generally  united  by  a  narrow  line ;  wings  fusco-hyaline,  with  a 
distinctly  yellow  wash,  iridescent,  somewhat  darker  along  the 
costal  margin :  nervures  testaceous  brown  ;  tegulae  black. 

cT  similar,  but  smaller  and  shghter ;  the  clypeus  is  yellow, 
there  are  no  yellow  spots  on  the  front ;  there  is  a  yellow  line  on 
all  the  tibias  above,  and  the  apical  margins  of  segments  1-5  are 
yellow,  with  the  anterior  margins  of  these  bands  on  segments 
1-4  emarginate  anteriorly ;  beneath,  ventral  segments  2-4  have 
a  longish  yellow  spot  laterally;  wings  much  lighter  than  in 
the  2. 

Hab.  Sikhim  ;  Tenasserim.  $ .  Length  21  ;  e.vp.  36  mm 
cJ.  Length  18  ;  exjo.  32  mm. 


18fi.  Scolia  vivida.  Smith,  Cat.  in,  p.  89,  cJ  ;  Sauss.  ^  Sick.  Cnf.  Scot. 
p.  123;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  107. 

J  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  with  fine  and  close  but  shallow 
punctures,  and  a  thin  short  pubescem-e  :  clypeus  vertically  suboval, 
its  anterior  margin  rounded,  posterior  truncate ;  median  segment 
very  short,  concavo-truncate ;  abdomen  long,  basal  segment  very 
slightly  constricted  at  margin.  Black,  with  cinereous  pubescence  ; 
the  clypeus,  a  spot  above  it,  the  mandibles,  outer  orbits  of  the  eyes, 
the  sides  of  the  pronotum,  a  patch  under  the  wings,  a  narrow 
stripe  on  the  pectus,  the  scutellum,  postscutellum,  and  abdomen 
yellow ;  the  median  segment  laterally  deep  red ;  the  base  and 
posterior  margin  uf  the  1st  abdominal  segment,  and  the  base  of 
the  2nd-4th  with  the  whole  of  the  apical  three  segments,  black  ;  legs 
black  variegated  with  yellow ;  wings  hyaline,  the  fore  wing  rufescent 
fulvous  along  the  costal  margin,  with  the  apex  fuscous  anteriorly. 

Hab.  Madras ;  Poona.  cJ  •  Lewjth  15  ;  exp.  25  mm.  $  un- 
known. 


88 


SCOLUDJE. 


187.  Scolia  venusta,  Stnith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  90,  2  6  ;  Sauss.  ^  Sich.  Cat. 
Scul.  p.  120,  ?  d  • 

§  .  Head,  and  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments  of  the  abdomen 
sparsely  punctured  ;  thorax,  basal,  4th,  and  apical  segments  more 
closely  punctured ;  head  slightly  convex  in  front,  an  impressed 
vertical  line  from  the  anterior  ocellus  down  the  front  to  the  base 
of  the  antenna}  ;  median  segment  with  a  steep  slope  to  the  apex, 
which  is  abruptly  truncate ;  legs  pubescent  and  thickly  spinose ; 
abdomen  pseudosessile,  a  little  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax 
together.  Black,  with  rufo-ferruginous  pubescence,  hairs,  and 
spines  ;  a  broad  transverse  stripe  beneath  the  vertex  not  reaching 
the  emargiuation  of  the  eyes,  a  broad  band  above  on  the  2nd  and 
the  3rd  segment  of  the  abdomen  above,  yellow,  the  band  on  the 
2nd  segment  with  an  elongate  lateral  spot  ;  wiiigs  brownish 
•hyaline,  the  costal  margin  of  the  fore  wmg  darker  with  a  faint 
fuscescent  cloud  at  the  apex ;  nervures  and  tegulsB  testaceous 
brown. 

•cj  similar  ;  the  head  and  thorax  closely  and  rather  coarsely 
punctured,  abdomen  more  densely  and  finely  punctured ;  the  head 
.and  thorax  clothed  with  dense,  and  the  abdomen  with  a  more 
sparse,  short,  soft,  yellowish  pubescence.  Black,  two  lateral  spots 
on  the  pronotum,  the  2nd  and  3rd,  apical  margin  of  the  4th,  and 
long  lateral  spots  on  the  5th  segment  of  the  abdomen  above, 
yellow;  beneath,  the  abdomen  is  black  with  subtriangular  lateral 
yellow  spots  on  segments  2-5,  those  on  the  5th  segment  being 
faint  and  barely  indicated ;  wings  somewhat  bghter  than  in  the  $  . 

Eab.  Kumaun  ;  Bvirma ;  Tenasserim.  ?  .  Length  18 ;  ea-p. 
40  mm.     d  •  Length  18-20  ;  exj}.  42-44  mm. 

188.  Scolia  kirbyi,  Magretti,  Ann.  Mm.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xii,  1892, 
p.  244,  $  d  • 

Scolia  floridida,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc,  Zool.  xxv,  1896,  p.  425. 

5  .  Head  in  front  smooth,  the  space  below  the  antennse  and 
around  the  ocelli  coarsely  punctured,  the  disc  of  the  thorax 
cribrate;  the  thorax  posteriorly,  and  the  abdomen  less  densely, 
but  distinctly  and  somewhat  profoundly  punctured.  Black, 
shining,  abdomen  suffused  with  blue  ;  the  thorax  in  front  fringed 
with  reddish  and  posteriorly  with  dense  cinereous  yellow  hairs ; 
head  in  front,  vertex,  sides  of  the  pronotum,  scutellum,  a  small 
round  lateral  spot  at  base  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment,  a  suboval 
lateral  spot  at  the  base  of  the  2nd,  a  broad  hue  deeply  emarginate 
above  and  below  on  the  3rd,  and  the  anterior  femora  and  tibias, 
citron-yellow;  wings  flavo-hyaline,  the  costal  margin  of  the 
front  wing  opaquely  fusco-ferruginous,  and  the  apex  with  a  hght 
f usco-violaceous  oval  spot ;  tegulse  rufo-ferruginous. 

d  similar,  but  differing  in  having  the  vertex  of  the  head  black, 
the  postscutellum  and  the  femora  and  tibiffi  of  aU  the  legs  yellow. 

Hah.  Karen  Hills,  Burma ;  Tenasserim.  $  .  Leiujth  19  mm. 
d  .  Length  16  mm. 


SCOLIA. — ^ELIS. 


89 


189.  Scolia  specifica,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  89,  $  ;  Sauss.  S,-  Sic/i.  Cat.  Scol. 

p.  117 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  106. 

$  .  Very  finely  and  closely  punctured,  the  region  of  the  ocelli 
somewhat  smooth,  with  a  transverse  slightly  arched  furrow 
passing  over  the  posterior  ocelli ;  median  segment  with  the  sides 
angular  and  produced,  the  apex  strongly  concave ;  abdomen  stout, 
longer  than  the  head  and  thorax  together,  basal  segment  sub- 
tuberculate  above.  Black  with  black  pubesence,  the  pronotum 
laterally,  and  the  2ud,  3rd,  and  4th  segments  laterally  marked  with 
yellow,  two  minute  yellow  spots  at  the  base  of  the  5th  segment 
above ;  wings  fuscous  with  a  purple  effulgence. 

Var.  The  pronotum  entirely  black;  the  wings  fusco-hyaline, 
slightly  purplish  at  apex. 

Hah.  India  {Smith).     $  .  Lenrjth  19-25 ;  exp.  36-40  mm, 

190.  Scolia  eliforinis,  Sauss.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1858,  p.  215;  Sauss. 

Sf  Sich.  Cat.  Scol.  p.  120,  (S  I  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Sue. 
(4)  v,  1892,  p.  107. 

d .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  and  strongly  punc- 
tured ;  the  clypeus  subtriangular,  convex,  its  anterior  margin 
arched,  smooth  and  shining,  with  only  a  few  scattered  punctures  ; 
basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  slightly  constricted.  Black  with 
black  pubescence,  segments  2-4  of  the  abdomen  ciliated  with 
grey  hairs  above  and  below  ;  wings  light  fuscous,  subhyaline, 
nervures  and  tegulse  black,  an  oblique  hyaline  streak  in  the  1st 
cubital  cell. 

Hah.  Southern  India ;  Ceylon,  d  •  Length  28 ;  exp.  53  mm. 
5  unknown. 

Genus  ELIS. 

Elis,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  248  (1804). 
Campsomeris,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  496  (1845). 
Colpa,  pt.,  Lepel.  Hym.m,  p.  534  (1845). 
Scolia,  pt..  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  85  (1855). 

Elis  (subgen.  Trielis  and  Diehs),  Sauss.  ^  Sich.  Cat.  Scol.  pp.  140, 
161  (1864). 


Fig.  17.— Elis  iris.  \. 


Type,  E.  sexcincta,  Fabr. 
lianrje.  Both  hemispheres. 

Characters  those  of  the  family.  Fore  wing  with  one  radial,  and 
three  (subgen.  Trielis),  or  two  (subgen.  Dielis)  cubital  cells  and 


90 


tiuo  recurrent,  nervures  received  separately  by  the  2nd  cubital  cell, 
lu  this  genus  there  is  often  a  very  considerable  difference  in  the 
style  of  coloration  in  the  two  sexes  of  the  same  species. 


Subgen.  Tmelis  :  with  3  cubital  cells  and  2  recurrent  nervures. 
Key  to  the  Species. 

a.  Head  red  above,  abdomen  variegated  with  red  .  H.  Htigiom,  p.  90. 

b.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  wholly  black   -E.  orientalis,  p.  90. 


191.  Elis  litigiosa. 

Scolia  litigiosa,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  113,  $  . 

Elis  litio^iosft,  Sams.  Sf  Sich.  Cat.  Scol.  p.  158 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L. 
Ph.  Soc.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  112. 

2 .  Head  smooth,  with  a  few  coarse  punctures ;  clypeus 
vertically  striate ;  front  between  and  above  the  base  of  the  antennse 
strongly  convex,  a  deeply  impressed  transverse  line  level  with  the 
emargination  of  the  eyes,  receiving  in  the  middle  an  inter-antennal 
vertically  impressed  line  starting  from  the  base  of  the  clypeus  ; 
thorax  with  the  pronotum  truncate  in  front,  and  the  median 
segment  concavo-truncate  posteriorly,  sparsely  and  coarsely 
punctured  on  the  pro-  and  mesouotum,  scutellum  and  post- 
scutellum,  and  densely  on  the  middle  above  and  posterior  face  of 
the  median  segment;  abdomen  sparsely  punctured,  the  base  of 
the  3rd  and  middle  of  the  4th  segment  above  smooth  and  shining. 
Black,  the  head  except  the  apex  of  the  clypeus  and  the  antennae, 
the  pronotum,  and  the  3rd  and  4th  segments  of  the  abdomen  above 
red;  apex  of  the  clypeus,  the  antennas,  the  pronotum  in  the 
middle  anteriorly,  and  a  central  obscure  line  down  the  middle  of 
the  3rd  and  4th  abdominal  segments,  rufo-piceous ;  wings  dark 
fuscous  with  green  reflections. 

Hah.  India.     ?  .  Length  22  ;  exp.  38  mm.     6  unknown. 


192.  Elis    orientalis,    Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892, 
p.  112. 

2  .  The  clypeus  and  the  front  and  head  above,  the  mesonotum 
and  the  abdoinen  above  sparingly  punctured,  the  rest  of  the  head 
and  thorax  densely  and  coarsely  punctured;  the  space  above  the 
antennte  finely  and  closely  punctured ;  the  pronotum  and  median 
segment  very"  short,  the  latter  abruptly  truncate  posteriorly  and 
with  a  central  longitudinal  carina  ending  at  the  edge  of  the 
truncation  ;  the  pai-apsidal  furrows  well  marked  and  continued 
down  the  face  of  the  truncation,  which  is  smooth  and  shining 
between  the  furrows  ;  legs  stout,  studded  with  spines  and  stiff 
hairs  ;  abdomen  massive  and  long,  much  longer  than  the  head  and 
thorax  put  togeth.ir,  basal  segment  slightly  constricted,  the  segments 
above  and  beneath  with  long  scattered  pubescence ;  the  ventral 
segments  smooth  at  base,  with  subapical  broad  bands  of  punctures. 


ELIS. 


91 


Black  with  black  pubescence  ;  wings  dark  fuscous  with  a  brilliant 
purple  eilulgeuce  ;  the  pubescence  at  the  back  of  the  head  greyish. 
Hah.  Ceylou.     $  .  Length  17  ;  exp.  30  mm. 

Subgen.  Dielis  :  ivith  2  cubital  cells  and  2  recurrent  nervures. 
Key  to  the  Sj>ecies. 

A.  ?  known,  d  unknown. 

a.  Abdomen  wholly  black. 

a.  Wings  flavo-h valine    JE.  habrocoma,  p. 97. 

b'.  Wings  dark  fuscous. 

d^.  Head  and  thorax  with  white  or  fulvous 

pubescence  ;  abdomen  with  black  .  .    B.fimbriata,  p.  99. 
h^.  Head  and  thorax  with  black  pubes- 
cence ;  abdomen  with  black,  segments 
1-3  fimbriated  with  white    B.  tristis,  p.  92. 

b.  Abdomen  red  or  black,  with  reddish  or 

yellow  markings. 

a'.  Abdomen  wholly  castaneous  red  . .    E.  engone,  p.  92. 

b'.  Abdomen  black,  the  2nd  segment  with 

lateral  yellow  marks  ;  3rd  and  following  [p-  93. 

segments  fuscous  red  ■    E.  i-ubromaculata, 

c'.  Abdomen    black,  segments   1-3  with 
lateral  yellow  maculae. 

a-.  Thorax  wholly  black   E.  bella,  p.  93. 

b-.  Thorax  black  with  yellow  markings.  .    E.  eximia,  p.  94. 

B.  2  and  S  both  known. 

Females. 

a.  Abdomen  with   uninternipted  transverse 

yellow  bands   above.    Wings  flavo-  or 

fulvo-hyaline,  with  a  subapical  fuscous 

spot  on  the  fore  wing. 

a'.  Antennfe  black   E.  iris,  p.  94. 

v.  AntennEe  fidvous  red    E.  ceylonica,  p.  94. 

b.  Abdomen  with  lateral  yellow  spots  or  broad 

medially-interrupted  bands   E.  luctuosa,  p.  95. 

c.  Abdomen  wholly  black. 

a'.  Wings  clear  hyaline,  with  a  subapical 
fuscous  spot  in  the  fore  wing;  occiput 

finely  and  closely  punctured    E.  annulata,  p.  96, 

v.  Wings  fiavo-hyaline,  with  a  subapical 
fuscous  spot  in  the  fore  wing  ;  occiput 

smooth,  impunctate    E.  lindenii,  p.  96. 

cl .  Wings  fiavo-hyaline,  without  a  subapical 
spot  in  fore  wing. 

a'-*.  Length  25-30  mm   E.  grossa,  p.  97. 

h\  Leng  th  20-22  mm   E.  prismatica,  p.  98. 

6•^  Length  8  mm   E.  hirsiita,  p.  98. 

d' .  Wings  fuscous. 

a^.  Basal  four  abdominal  segments  ciliated 

with  black  hairs    E.  thoraeica,  p.  99. 

i'.  Basal  four  abdominal  segments  ciliated 

with  cinereous  hairs   E.  asiatica,  p.  100. 

c^.  Basal  four  abdominal  segments  ciliated  [p.  96. 

with  fulvous  golden  hairs    E.  lindenii  (var.). 


92 


SCOLITDjE. 


Males. 

a.  Clypeus  entirely  yellow. 

a'.  Basal  segment  constricted   E.  ceylomca,  p.  94. 

b'.  Basal  segment  not  constricted    E.  iris,  i).  94. 

b.  Clypeus  yellow,  tbe  centre  black. 

a'.  Posterior  margins  of  segments  1-4  with 
transverse  yellow  bands. 

a-.  Length  13-22  mm   E.  annulafa,  p.  90. 

b'-.  Length  9  mm   E.  hirsuta,  p.  98. 

V .  Posterior  margin  of  segments  1-5  with 
transverse  yellow  bands. 
d-.  Scutellum  with  yellow  markings  ....    E.  grossa,  p.  97. 

h-.  Scutellum  wholly  black   E.  jjiismaticu,  p.  98. 

c'.  Posterior  margins  of  abdominal  segments 

without  yellow  markings   E.  thoracica,  p.  99. 

c.  Base  of  clypeus  black,  anterior  half  yellow  .    E.  lindenii,  p.  9li. 

d.  Clypeus  entirely  black. 

a'.  Abdomen  black,  segments  2  and  3  with 

lateral  yellow  spots   E.  luctuosa,  p.  95. 

b'.  Abdomen  black,  segments  1-4  with  their 
margins  white  or  yellow. 

Wings  fusco-hyaline   E.  asiatica,  p.  100. 

6^.  Wings  deep  ferruginous   E.  ci/(inea»,  p.  100. 

c'.  Abdomen  entirely  black   E.  reticulata*,  p.  100. 


193.  Elis  tristis,  Sauss.  Stettin  ent.  Zeit.  1859,  p.  265 ;  Sottas.  S,  Sich. 

Cat.  Scot.  p.  193,  ?  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892, 
p.  110. 

5  .  Head  above  smooth,  almost  impunctate  ;  sides  and  base  of 
the  clypeus  aud  the  space  above  the  anteuuce  closely  punctured 
and  pubescent ;  an  inter- antennal  carina  at  right  angles  to  a  waved 
transverse  one  crossing  the  hont  about  the  level  of  the  emargi- 
nation  of  the  eyes ;  thorax  above  coarsely  and  closely  pimctured  ; 
disc  of  the  mesonotum  and  the  pleuras  smooth  and  shiumg; 
median  segment  finely  punctured,  concavo-truncate  posteriorly  ; 
abdomen  long,  sparsely  punctured,  the  punctures  very  shallow  and 
ill-defined,  intensely  black,  with  black  pubescence  ;  segments 
1-3  of  the  abdomen  fringed,  narrowly  in  the  middle,  broad- 
ening at  the  sides,  with  snow-white  hairs ;  wings  dark  fuscous, 
with  a  blue  and  purple  efEulgence,  nervures  piceous,  tegulae  shming 

black.  .  „          .  , 

Nab.    "India  orientali"  (Sauss.)  ;  Mergui,  Teuasserim ;  Pulo 

Penang  ;  Singapore  ;  Java.  ?  .  Length  29-38  ;  e^^:^^.  44-48  mm. 
J  unknown. 

194.  Elis  erigone,  n.  sp. 

$  Head,  the  vertex,  and  cheeks  smooth  ;  the  front  above  the 
base  of  the'  antennas  and  the  base  of  the  clypeus  pubescent, 
the  former  somewhat  coarsely  punctured ;  the  apical  half  of  the 


*  Of  E.  cyanea  and  E.  reticulata  only  tbe  males  are  known. 


EMS. 


93 


clvpeiis  longituclinallv  rugose  ;  pronotum  and  the  back  of  the  head 
densely  pubescent ;  the  mesonotum,  scutellum,  postscutelluin,  and 
median  segment  coarsely  but  not  very  closely  punctured,  sparsely 
pubescent-  the  mediaA  segment  concave-truncate  posteriorly, 
above  in  the  midcUe  subtuberculate ;  abdomen  broad,  segments 
1-4  smooth,  fimbriated  posteriorly;  5th  and  6th  coarsely  punc- 
tured and  set  with  stiff  hairs.  Vertex  o£  the  head,  mesonotoim, 
scutellum,  postscutellum,  and  median  segment  black ;  mandibles, 
clypeus,  antennEE,  pronotum  in  front,  legs,  and  abdomen  castaneous 
red  :  pubescence  hoary  white,  reddish  on  the  median  segment, 
legs,  and  abdomen ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent,  suffused  with  a 
brownish  tint ;  nervures  and  tegultc  testaceous. 

Var  The  whole  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  castaneous  red. 

ffah.  The  Deccan.  5  •  Length  18-21 ;  exp.  30-40  mm.  Type 
in  the  British  Museum. 

195.  Elis  rubro-maculata. 

ScoUa  rubro-mar-ulata,  Smith,  Cat.  m,  p.  99,  2  • 
Elis  ruhro-maculata,  Sauss.  Sf  Sich.  Cat.  Scol.  p.  196,  ? ;  Cam.  Mem. 
Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  110. 

9  Head  and  thorax  coarsely  and  closely  punctured,  shining  ; 
abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  with  a  few  fine  scattered  punctures  ; 
the  ret^ion  of  the  ocelli,  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum,  the  scutellum, 
postscutellum,  and  median  segment  smooth  and  almost  impunc- 
tate  •  the  2nd  to  the  5th  abdominal  segments  with  one  or  two  sub- 
marginal  rows  of  punctures  ;  the  apical  segment  closely  and  finely 
punctured.  Black;  the  head  with  mixed  black  and  cmereous 
pubescence :  the  legs  and  basal  two  abdominal  segments  fringed 
with  black  hairs ;  the  2nd  segment  with  a  lateral  yellow  macula  ; 
the  base  of  the  3rd  and  the  following  segments  deep  fuscous  red, 
with  the  pubescence  more  or  less  ferruginous  red. 

Hab.  India  (Smith);  Burma;  Tenasserim  ;  Jaya  {Sams.). 
$  .  Length  33-40  ;  exp.  62  mm. 

196.  Elis  bella,  n.  sp. 

$ .  Head  and  thorax  pubescent,  very  closely  and  coarsely 
punctured  and  rugose  under  the  pubescence;  front  above  the 
antennsB  remarkably  prominent  and  convex,  unlike  any  species 
known  to  me  ;  clypeus  smooth,  its  apex  angular,  the  sides  oblique  ; 
median  segment  short,  concavo-truncate  posteriorly,  the  face  of  the 
truncation  as  closely  punctured  as  the  rest  of  the  thorax,  and  with 
the  punctures  running  into  vertical  strise ;  the  pleurte  impunctate, 
pruinose ;  abdomen  stout,  opaque,  the  posterior  margins  of  the 
segments  fimbriated ;  the  anal  segment  studded  with  short  stiff 
hairs.  Black,  the  posterior  margins  of  abdominal  segments  1-3 
with  abbreviated  lateral  linear  yellow  marks  ;  pubescence  on  the 
head  and  thorax  ferruginous  ;  the  pleurae  covered  with  silvery- 
pile  ;  the  fimbria  on  the  apical  margins  of  segments  1-3  of 
the  abdomen  snow-white,  and  on  the  4th  and  5th  black;  the 


94 


SCOLIIDA. 


legs  covered  with  a  mixture  of  black  and  white  stiff  hairs  and 
spines ;  wings  flavo-hyaliue,  fuscous  towards  the  apex,  nervures 
testaceous  bro  -vn,  tegnlse  reddish. 
Var.  The  wings  light  fuscous. 

Hab.  Assam  ;  Tenasserim.   ?  .  Lenc/ih  19-25  ;  exp.  36-46  mm. 
cJ  unknown. 

*197.  Elis  eximia. 

Scolin  eximia,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  99,  J . 

Elis  eximia,  Sauss.  ^  Sich.  Cat.  Scul.  p.  195 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch. 
L.  Ph.  Soo.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  110. 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  with  only 
a  few  scattered  punctures  on  the  head  and  thorax.  Black  ;  a 
large  macula  on  the  sides  of  the  pronotum  in  front  of  the  insertion 
of  the  wings,  the  postscutellum,  and  a  spot  on  each  side  of  the 
median  segment  yellow;  the  wings  dark  brown  with  a  splendid 
purple  iridescence ;  the  pubescence  and  spines  on  the  legs  black ; 
an  ovate  macula  on  each  side  of  the  first  and  three  following 
abdominal  segments  yellow,  those  on  the  2nd  and  3rd  largest. 

Bab.  India.  $  .  Length  11  Unes  (24  mm.).  Unknown  to  me. 
The  type  specimen  is  not  now  in  the  British  Museum. 

198.  Elis  iris. 

Colpa  iris,  Zepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  547,  S  ■ 

Scolia  iris,  Burm.  Abh.  Nat.  Ges.  Halle,  i,  pt.  4,  p.  26  ;  Smith,  Cut. 
iii,  p.  100. 

Elis  phnlerata,  Sauss.  Ann.  Soc.  Enl.  Fr.  1858,  p.  233. 
Elis  iris,  Sauss.  ^  Sich.  Cat.  Scot.  p.  201 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L. 
Ph.  Soc.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  111. 
5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pubescent ;  head  and  abdomen 
with  a  few  scattered  punctures  ;  thorax,  except  on  the  centre  of  the 
mesonotum,  coarsely  and  closely  punctured.    Black,  the  head  and 
thorax  covered  with  coarse  fulvous-red  pubescence ;  legs  ferru- 
ginous red,  with  coarse  fulvous-red  spines  and  stiff  hairs;  abdomen 
with  the  margins  of  segments  1-4  narrowly  yellow  above  and  with 
a  fringe  of  stiff  fulvous-yellow  hairs,  the  apical  two  segments 
studded  with  stiff  black  "hairs  ;  wings  fulvo-hyalme,  the  apex  of 
each  fore  wing  with  a  dark  fuscous  macula. 

Var.  The  apex  of  the  ciypeus  and  labrum  yellow.  Some- 
times the  abdomen  has  the  segments  fringed  with  cinereous 

similar,  but  more  slender,  with  the  ciypeus,  the  posterior 
margin  of  the  pronotum,  and  the  tegulse  yellow. 

Hab  Sikhim ;  Southern  India ;  Ceylon ;  Burma  ;  Tenassermi ; 
Java.  ?.  Length  16-18;  exp.  32-35  mm.  c? .  Length  12-1/; 
exp.  30-32  mm. 

199,  Elis  ceylonica.  am  o 

Campsomeris  ceylonica,  Kirby,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  i»H9,  p.  40_,  ^  d  , 
Cum.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  lt92,  p.  111. 
$  ,  Head,  thorax,  and  ab<Jomen  pubescent,  the  pubescence  thick 


ELIS. 


95 


and  long  on  the  head,  the  thorax,  and  on  tlie  median  segment 
above  ;  head  and  thorax  closely  and  somewhat  coarsely  punctured ; 
tlie  region  of  the  ocelli  and  the  vertex  smooth ;  the  median  seg- 
ment posteriorly  concavo-truncate,  finely  punctured ;  abdomen 
smooth,  each  segment  having  a  double  subapical  transverse  row  of 
punctures.  Black,  the  pubescence  rich  ferruginous  red ;  tiie 
mandibles,  clypeus,  anteunce,  and  legs  red ;  tlie  pleurye  and  sides 
of  the  median  segment  covered  with  dense  golden  pile  ;  tlie  apical 
margins  above  of  abdominal  segments  1-3  with  transverse  bands 
of  rich  dark  yellow ;  these  bands  on  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments 
much  broader  in  the  middle,  with  the  sides  of  the  broad  portion 
slightly  incurved  or  emarginate ;  wings  flavo-hyahne,  the  costal 
margin  of  the  front  wing  rufescent  or  ferruginous,  and  the  apex 
with  a  large  subapical  spot  of  fuscous ;  nervures  and  tegulae 
yellow. 

cJ  similar,  but  slighter,  the  pubescence  not  so  dense,  the  basal 
segment  of  the  abdomen  constricted,  and  the  wings  having  only  an 
indication  of  the  subapical  fuscous  spot ;  in  colour  it  differs  in 
having  the  clypeus,  the  pronotum  in  front,  and  a  broad  transverse 
band  on  the  4th  abdominal  segment  also  yellow. 

Hah.  Ceylon.  §  .  Length  15-18 ;  exp.  28-32  mm.  S .  Length 
14-17  ;  exp.  28-30  mm. 


200.  Elis  luctTiosa. 

Scolia  luctuosa,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  101,  5 . 

Scolia  quadriguttulata,  Sauss.  (nec  Burin.)  Mel.  Hym.  p.  58,  fig.  12. 
Elis  luctuosa,  Sauss.  Sf  Sick.  Cat.  Scol.  p.  194,  $  cj  ;  Cam.  Mem. 
Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  110. 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  punctured,  shining  ;  abdomen  smooth,  with 
a  few  distant  punctures  ;  the  front  between 
the  antennae  very  closely  and  coarsely  punc- 
tured ;  the  region  of  the  ocelh,  the  centre 
of  the  mesonotum,  the  scutellum  and  post- 
scutellum  smooth,  the  punctures  few  and 
distant ;  abdomen — the  basal  segment,  the 
posterior  margins  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  and 
the  whole  of  the  4th  and  5th  segments  with 
a  few  scattered  punctures,  the  basal  three- 
fourths  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  and  the  apical 
segments  dull  and  opaque.  Black,  the  2nd 
and  3rd  abdominal  segments  with  yellow 
lateral  spots,  the  front  and  the  back  of  the 
head  with  a  little  cinereous  pubescence,  the  pubescence  on  the 
abdomen  and  legs  black. 

d  .  The  abdomen  has  a  blue  effulgence. 

Var.  with  the  yellow  lateral  spots  also  on  the  1st  and  4th 
segments  of  the  abdomen,  minute,  or  entirely  wanting. 

Eab.  Sylhet,  Assam  ;  Sikhim  ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ;  Malacca  ; 
Java  ;  Phihppines,    5  .  Length  33-44 ;  exp.  46-56  mm. 


Fig  18. 
Elis  luctuosa,  J . 


96 


SOOLIIB^. 


201.  Elis  annulata. 

Tipbiii  nnnulnta,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  225,  $  ;  Syst.  Ptez.  p.  234. 
Campsomeris  servillii,  Lepel.  (nee  Guer.)  Hxjm.  iii,  p.  501. 
Scolia  anniilata,  Sviith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  100. 

Elis  aimiilata,  Sauss.  8f  Sich.  Cut.  Scol.  p.  196,  ?  cJ  ;  Cam.  Mem. 
Munch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  110. 

§  ,  Head,  with  the  vertex  and  clypeus  in  the  middle  smooth, 
the  face  above  the  antenna  densely  punctured,  with  a  median 
short  vertical  groove ;  the  face  in  front  slightly,  the  occiput  and 
pronotum  anteriorly  densely  pubescent ;  thorax  with  large  scattered 
punctures,  the  disc  of  the  mesonotnm  almost  impunctate  ;  median 
segment  sliort,  concavo-truncate  posteriorly,  the  punctures  in  the 
middle  closer,  and  on  the  sides  above  much  finer  and  closer; 
abdomen— segments  1-4  smooth,  nearly  impunctate,  fimbriated 
posteriori V,  the  5th  and  6th  segments  closely  and  coarsely 
punctured  and  set  with  stiff  rigid  hairs.  Black,  the  pubescence 
white,  on  the  apical  segments  of  the  abdomen  above  it  is  black ; 
wings  hyaline,  with  a  large  purplish-fuscous  spot  at  apex. 

c?  .  Smaller,  more  slender  ;  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen 
constricted,  and  all  the  segments  with  widely,  scattered  shallow 
coarse  punctures;  head  and  thorax  covered  with  cinereous 
pubescence  ;  the  clypeus  on  each  side  yellow,  and  segments  1-5  of 
the  abdomen  with  transverse  yellow  bands  on  the  posterior  margins. 

Var.  The  pronotum,  scutellum,  and  legs  variegated  with  yellow  ; 
wings  hyaline  with  a  tinge  of  yellow. 

Jlab  North- West  Provinces ;  Sikhim  ;  Southern  India ;  liurma ; 
Tenasserim  ;  China  ;  Japan  ;  and  Malayan  subregion.  2  .  LengtJi 
15-25  ;  exp.  28-40  mm.     6.  Length  13-22 ;  exp.  28-36  mm. 

202.  Elis  lindenii.  ... 

Campsomeris  lindenii,  Lepel.  Hym.  m,  p.  500,  ¥  ■ 
P  Scolia  quadrifasciata,  Fahr.  Ent.  Syst.  Suppl.  33.  25-5,  S- 
Scolia  radula.  King  (nee  Fabr.) ,  Web.  ^  Mohr,  Beitr.  Nafurk.  1  p.  30. 
Elis  lindenii,  Sauss.  ^-  Sich.  Cat.  Scol.  p.  204 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch. 
L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  112. 
9     Head   and   thorax   pubescent,  sparsely  punctured,  the 
punctures  finer  and  closer  about   the  base  of  the  antenus  ; 
the  clypeus,  front,  and  vertex  of  the  head,  the  disc  of  the  meso- 
notnm, and  the  abdomen  smooth;  the  last  opaque,  with  the 
posterior  margins  of  1st  to  4th  or  5th  segments  fimbriated  :  median 
seement  very  short,  concavo-truncate  posteriorly,  the  middle 
above  the  truncation  slightly  produced.     Black,  the  pubescence 
fulvous,  golden,  hoary-ciuereous,  or  white ;  wings  flavo-hyahne, 
with  a  fuscous  spot  at  apex. 

Far.  Wings  altogether  fuscous.  •  i 

^    Punctured  all  over,  shining.    The  clypeus  anteriorly,  the 
posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  two  spots  on  the  scute  lum  and 
transverse  fascia?  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the  1st  to  4th  or  5th 
rg^eTs  of  the  abdome'n  yellow;  these  f^-^-  -^eriorlv^^^^^^^ 
ginate ;  legs  variegated  with  yeUow ;  wings  hght  flavo-hyahne. 


ETiTS. 


97 


Hah.  Throughout  Eastern  and  Southern  India  (Calcutta, 
Sikhim,  Kuinaun,  North-West  Provinces,  Madnis) ;  Ceylon  ; 
Burma ;  Tenasserim  ;  Java  ;  Cliina ;  Japan  ;  and  tlie  Malayan 
subregiou.  ?  .  Length  17-22 ;  exp.  35-42  mm.  (S .  Length 
16-21 ;  exp.  32-40  mm. 


203.  Elis  grossa. 

Tiphia  grossa,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  232,  2  • 

Scolia  grossa,  Burrn.  Abh.  Nat.  Ges.  Halle,  i,  pt.  4,  p.  23,  J  c? ; 

Stnith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  99. 
Elis  grossa,  Sauss.      Sich.  Cat.  Scot.  p.  199,  J  J;  Cam.  Mem. 

Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  111. 

5  .  Head  from  a  little  beneath  the  anterior  ocellus  to  the  base 
of  the  elypeus  very  closely  and  not  coarsely  punctured,  vertex  and 
lower  part  of  elypeus  smooth,  back  of  the 
head  and  pronotum  densely  pubescent  ; 
mesonotum  anteriorly,  scutellum  moder- 
ately, and  postscutellum  and  median  seg- 
ment very  finely  and  densely  punctured, 
the  last  short,  concavo -truncate  posteriorly, 
and  pubescent  above  in  the  middle ;  abdo- 
men smooth,  opaque ;  segments  1-4  above 
fimbriated  and  with  a  few  scattered  punc- 
tures, .5th  and  6th  closely  and  coarsely 
punctui-ed  and  set  with  stiff  hairs.  Black, 
Fig.  19.  the  pubescence  on  the  head  and  thorax 

Elis  grossa,   .  \.      fulvous,  the  fimbrisB  on  the  abdomen  hoary 
white,  the  hairs  on  the  apical  two  segments 
black,  the  hairs  and  spines  on  the  legs  mixed  black  and  hoary 
white ;  wings  light  fusco-hyaline  with  a  slight  purple  effulgence. 

cJ .  Slighter,  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  narrower  than 
the  2nd ;  the  whole  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  moderately 
punctured  and  covered  with  a  thin  cinereo-fulvous  pubescence, 
the  abdomen  with  iridescent  tints  in  certain  lights.  Black  ;  the 
elypeus  except  its  narrow  anterior  margin  and  a  spot  in  the 
middle,  a  broad  band  on  the  posterior  border  of  the  pronotum,  two 
large  confluent  spots  on  the  scutellum  and  two  on  the  post- 
scutellum, a  short  line  on  the  anterior  femora  below  and  on  the 
tibiae  above,  a  lengthened  spot  on  the  intermediate  tibiae  above, 
and  broad  transverse  bands  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the  1st  to 
4th  abdominal  segments  above,  yeUow;  wings  a  hghter  fusco-hyaline 
than  in  the  $  . 

Hab.  Northern  India ;  Sikhim  ;  Madras  ;  Assam  ;  Burma ;  Ten- 
asserim ;  J ava.  $  .  Length  25-30  ;  exp.  46-52  mm.  d  •  Length 
23 ;  exp.  44  mm. 

204.  Elis  hahrocoma. 

Scolia  habrocoma,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  100,  5 . 
Elis  habrocoma,  Sauss.      Sich.  Cat.  Scol.  p.  198,  9 ;  Cam.  Mem 
Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  111. 

TOL.  I.  H 


98  SC0LI1D.E. 

2  .  Closely  resembles  E.  grossa,  Pabr.,  but  is  a  krger,  stouter- 
built  insect ;  the  bead  and  thorax  are  much  more  closely  (even 
on  the  vertex  o£  the  former)  and  coarsely  punctured,  and  the 
pubescence  on  the  head,  thorax,  and  legs,  with  the  fimbriae  on  the 
segments  of  the  abdomen,  are  a  rich  golden  fulvous,  with  no 
mixture  of  white  hairs;  wings  flavo-hyaline  suffused  with  a 
purplish  tint. 

Hah.  India  (Smith);   Sikhim,  Assam,   and  Upper  Burma. 
$  .  Length  34-36  ;  exp.  58-62  mm. 

205.  Elis  prismatica. 

Scoha  prismatica,  Smith,  Cat.  ih,  p.  102,  ?. 
Elis  prismatica,  Sauss.  Sf  Sich.  Cat.  Scol.  p.  199. 
9    Head  and  thorax  closely  and  rather  coarsely  punctured,  the 
clYPeus,  the  region  of  the  ocelli,  and  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum 
smooth  •  median  segment  posteriorly  concavo-truncate,  closely  and 
minutely  punctured ;  abdomen,  the  basal  four  segments  sparsely, 
the  apical  two  strongly  punctured ;  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen 
pubescent,  the  pubescence  thick  and  long  on  the  head  and  on  the 
thorax  anteriorly,  on  the  abdomen  it  forms  transverse  fimbriae  on 
the  posterior  margins  of  segments  1-4.     Black,  the  pubescence 
ferruginous,  the  pleura?  and  the  sides  of  the  median  segment 
covered  with  dense  golden  pile  ;  the  abdomen  with  mdescent  tints 
in  certain  lights  ;  wings  flavo-hyaline,  slightly  fuscous  beyond  the 
basal  nervure,  and  in  certain  hghts  having  a  purplish  effulgence. 

^  similar,  but  the  pubescence  cinereous,  the  abdomen  with 
brighter  iridescent  tints,  the  clypeus  yellow,  black  in  the  middle, 
and  the  abdomen  punctured,  with  transverse  yellow  bands  on 
segments  1-4  above  and  on  segments  2-5  on  the  ventral  side, 
the  basal  segment  constricted. 

Mab.  Sikhim;  Burma;  Tenasserim;  China.  ?.  Xenj/<7i  20- 
22 ;  exp.  40-44  mm.     6  .  Length  18-21 ;  exp.  38-40  mm. 

206  Elis  Mrsuta,  Sauss.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr  1858  p  234 ;  Sa»«6. 
^Sich.  Cat.  Scol.  p.  200,  2  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v, 
1892,  p.  111. 

9  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  very  thinly 
pubescent,  the  pubescence  long  on  the  bead  and  thorax  and 
Form  ng  fimbri^"^  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the  abdominal 
segment  above  and  below;  the  lateral  angles  of  the  pronotum 
Se  mesonotum  anteriorly,  the  scuteUum  and  postscu  ellum  with 
a  few  scattered  punctures.  Black;  the  mandibles  the  clypeus, 
Ld  Lgellum  of  the  antenna,  beneath  rather  bright  castaneous, 
the  femora  tibi^,  and  tarsi  of  the  legs  and  the  pygidial  area 
otcSSy  castaneous,  the  last  studded  w^th  short  stiff  reddish 
E;  the  pubescence  elsewhere  sdvery  white ;  wings  flavo-hyahne 

Riiffiis'ed  with  a  purpUsh  iridescence.  u  *. 

suiiused  wit      P    1  ^^^^^^^  ^^.^^^^  ^        b,ut  twice 

the  length  S 'the  head  and  thorax  united;   head,  thorax,  and 


ELIS. 


abdomen  black,  covered  with  erect  cinereous  pubescence ;  the 
clvpeus,  except  a  spot  in  the  middle,  the  posterior  margin  ot  the 
piWumbroadlv,  thescuteIlam  and  postscutellam,  the  posterior 
margins  of  the  dorsal  abdominal  segments  1-5  and  ventral  2-0, 
yellow;  the  legs  variegated  with  yeUow;  the  wings  as  in  the  ?. 

HaLTvmqneUv  (Saussare):  Calcutta.  2  •  length  10  ;  exp. 
16  mm.     6  ■  Length  9  ;  exp.  15  mm. 

207.  Elis  thoracica. 

Tiphia  thoracica,  Fah:  Ent.  Si/st  SuppL  ]>.  2oi. 

Sphex  albicollis,  Chrht,  Naturff.  Ins.  p.  260,  p  .  26,  fig.  1,  2 . 

Sphex  flavifrons,  Christ,  Naturff.  Ins.  p.  261,  pi.  26,  hg.  Z,  <S  • 

Campsomeris  aureicollia,  Lepel.  Sym.  lu,  p.  499,  ^  • 

?  Scolia  aureicollis,  Smith,  Cat.  m,  p.  lOl. 

?  Elis  azurea,  Sauss.  Stettin  ent.  Zeit.  1859,  p.  ib/,  d . 

EUs  thoracica,  Sauss.  ^  Sich.  Cat.  Scot.  p.  188,  ?;  Cam.  Mem. 
Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  p.  108. 
9  Head  smooth,  the  front  between  the  antennae  and  a  little 
above  their  bases  pubescent,  closely  and  finely  punctured  ;  baclt  of 
the  head  and  pronotum  with  erect  bushy  pubescence ;  mesonotum 
with  a  thin  covering  of  scattered  hairs  ;  the  thorax  anteriorly  rather 
coarsely,  and  the  scutellum,  postsciitellum,  and  median  segment 
above  less  coarselv  punctured  ;  median  segment  projecting  above  in 
the  middle  posteriorly,  concave  below  the  projection,  subtuberculate, 
the  sides  smooth  ;  abdomen  opaque,  with  a  velvety  pruinosity,  the 
posterior  margins  of  the  segments  fimbriated.  Blact,the  pubescence 
on  the  occiput  and  pronotum  hoary  white,  sometimes  rich  fulvous 
(var.  cmreicollis),vesi  of  the  pubescence  black  ;  wings  from  hght  to 
dark  fuscous  brown,  with  a  parple  etfulgence.. 

?  S .  Slighter,  sparselv  punctured,  the  vertex  of  the  head  smooth, 
the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  constricted,  the  pubescence 
cinereous  or  fulvous.  Black,  the  clvpeus  yellow  with  a  central 
black  mark ;  the  segments  of  the  abdomen  posteriorly  fimbriated 
with  cinereous  pubescence,  above  suSased  with  blue  and  violet 
tints ;  wings  flavo-hvaline. 

Eah.  Kumaun ;  Sikhim ;  Bangalore;  Madras;  Burma;  Tenas- 
serim  ;  China  ;  Java.     6  ?  •  Length  18-21 ;  exp.  32-38  mm. 

208.  Elis  fimbriata. 

Scolia  thoracica,  Klug  {nec  Fabr.),  Weber  u.  Mohr,  Beitr.  NaturJc. 
i,  p.  33. 

Campsomeris  collaris,  Lepel.  {nec  Fabr.)  Hym.  in,  p.  498. 
Scolia  fimbriata,  Burm.  Abh.  Nat.  Oes.  Halle,  i,  pt.  4,  p.  25 ;  Smith, 
Cat.  iii,  p.  100. 

Elis  fimbriata,  Sauas.  ^  Sich.  Cat.  Scol.  p.  189,  ? ;  Cam.  Mem. 
Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892,  p.  109. 

2  .  Very  closely  resembles  E.  thoracica,  Fabr.,  but  is  always 
much  larger,  and  has  the  mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  postscutellam 
much  more  closely  punctured.  Like  E.  thoracica,  there  is  a  variety 
with  fulvous-red  pubescence  on  the  occiput  and  thorax  in  front. 

h2 


I 


100  SOOLIIDiE. 

Eab.  Sikhim ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ;  Ceylon  ;  Java.    ?  .  Lenfflh 
24-28  ;  exp.  42-50  mm. 

*209.  Elis  asiatica,  Sauss.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1858,  p.  231 ;  Sauss.  ^ 
Sic/i.  Cat.  Scol.  p.  190,  $  cJ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v, 
1892,  p.  109. 

$  .  0£  medium  size  or  large,  stoutly  built,  punctured,  head  and 
thorax  pubescent,  the  disc  o£  the  mesonotum  often  glabrous,  the 
pleurte  pruinose.  Black,  the  pubescence  on  the  head  and  thorax 
fulvous  or  cinereous,  on  the  legs  and  base  of  the  abdomen  cinereous, 
and  segments  1-3  fimbriated  vi'ith  cinereous  pubescence;  the 
rest  of  the  pubescence  black,  the  pleuriB  with  silvery  pile  ;  wings 
fuscous  suffused  with  violet. 

Var.  The  tegulse  sometimes  ferruginous ;  the  thorax  beneath 
•with  cinereous  pubescence  ;  the  abdomen  iridescent ;  or  the  4th 
abdominal  segment  also  fimbriated  with  cinereous  hairs. 

c? .  Of  the  same  size  as  the  female  ;  thorax  pruinose,  with  silky 
pile,  and  covered  with  cinereous  hairs ;  abdomen  bluish,  segments 
1-4  with  white  or  yellow  margins  ;  the  wings  fusco-hyaline,  the 
costal  margin  fuscous. 

Hah.  India ;  Java  {Sauss.).    ?  .  Length  24-32 ;  wing  18-24  mm. 

*210.  Elis  reticulata.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1892, 
p.  109,  S  ■ 

cJ  .  "  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  covered  with  long  hairs  ;  the 
clypeus  at  base,  the  front  and  space  between  the  antenna;,  and  the 
thorax  closely  and  coarsely  punctured ;  the  head  above  and  the 
abdomen  with  scattered  punctures  ;  the  apex  of  the  scutellum,  the 
apex  of  the  mesopleurse,  and  the  base  of  the  metapleuraj  smooth ; 
the  pronotum  anteriorly,  and  the  apex  of  the  median  segment 
transverse.  Black,  the  pubescence  black  ;  the  abdomen  shinmg 
and  suffused  with  a  bluish  tinge ;  wings  fusco-violaceous. 

"  Hah.  Poena;  Bombay.     S  .  Length  19  mm." 

*211  Elis  cyanea,  Sauss.  Sich.  Cat.  Scol.  p.  323 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch. 
L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  V,  1892,  p.  112. 

cJ  "  Head  and  thorax  sparsely,  the  metanotum  densely  punc- 
tured and  pruinose  ;  abdomen  narrow,  the  Ist  segment  very  long, 
its  base  petiolate.  Slender;  black,  ^ith  cinereous  pubescence  ;  the 
metanotum  with  silvery  pile ;  abdomen  shot  with  violet  tmts  ; 
the  mandibles,  lateral  stripes  on  the  clypeus,  the  inner  orbits,  a 
line  on  the  pronotum,  and  narrow  fasciiB  on  the  margins  ot 
abdominal  segments  1-4  yellow ;  wing  ferruginous  hyaline,  suffused 
with  a  golden  efi:ulgence,  nervures  fusco-ferruginous,  the  apex 
beyond  the  cells  slightly  fuscous,  the  tegulsB  fuscous. 

»  Hab.  Nicobars.     6  .  Length  15  ;  wmg  11^  mm. 


IIACOS. 


101 


Genus  LIACOS  *. 

Liacos,  Qrdr.  Voy.  Coq.,  Zool.  ii,  pt.  2,  p.  246  (1830). 
Scolia,  pt.,  SmM,  Cat.  iii,  p.  85  (1855). 
Liacos  (subgen.  Triliacos  and  Deliacos),  Sauss.  Sf  Stch. 
p.  33  (1864). 


Fig.  20. — Fore  wing,  Liacos  {Triliaoos)  analis. 
Type,  L.  analis,  Fabr. 

Range.  Ethiopian,  Oriental,  andAustralian  regions. 

Characters  those  of  the  family.  Fore  wing  with  one  radial,  and 
three  (Triliacos)  or  two  (Diliacos)  cubital  cells,  and  two  recurrent 
nervures  which  unite  and  reach  the  2nd  cubital  cell  as  one  nervure. 
Sexes,  so  far  as  known  in  the  Indian  species,  alike  in  coloration. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

a.  With  reddish  ferruginous  pubescence  on  the 

abdomen    anahs,  p.  101. 

b.  With  fulvous  pubescence  on  the  abdomen  . .    L.  f  idvopicta,  p.  102. 


212.  Liacos  analis. 

Scoha  analis,  Fabr.  St/st.  Piez.  p.  245. 

Scolia  dimidiata,  Gu6r.  Voy.  Coq.,  Zool.  ii,  pt.  2,  p.  247,  cJ . 

Campsomeris  urvillii,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  503,  d . 

Scoba  erythrosoma,  Burm.  Abh.  Nat.  Ges.  Halk,  i,  pt.  4,  p.  15  ; 

Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  113. 
Scoba  penangen.sis,  Sauss.  Mel.  Hym.  p.  39. 

Liacos  analis  et  erythrosoma,  Sauss.     Sich.  Cat.  Scol.  p.  33,  §  cj, 
&p.  35,  $J. 

2  .  Head  and  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum  smooth  and  shining, 
with  a  few  scattered  punctures  ;  pronotum,  base  and  apex  of  meso- 
notum, the  median  segment,  and  abdomen  closely  punctured  : 
clypeus  broad,  slightly  convex;  an  abbreviated  vertically  impressed 
line  above  the  base  of  the  antennae  at  right  angles  to  a  transverse 
furrow  beneath  the  anterior  ocellus ;  the  mesonotum  with  two 
short  parallel  longitudinal,  and  the  scutellum  with  a  median  longi- 
tudinal furrow  ;  median  segment  rather  steeply  sloped  posteriorly, 
the  apex  truncate.  Black,  with  black  pubescence,  the  apical 
segment  red  with  ferruginous  pubescence ;  wings  dark  fuscous 
with  purple,  coppery,  or  golden  effulgence,  nervures  and  tegulae 
black. 

(5   similar  but    smaller,  slighter,  with  longer  and  porrect 
antennas ;  the  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  more  closely  punctured. 
The  colour  of  the  abdomen  in  this  species  varies  greatly — it  may  be 


*  The  name  lAacos  is  an  anagram  of  Scolia, 


102 


POMPILIDiE. 


wholly  red  (var.  erytJirosovia),  or  any  of  the  1-5  $  ,  1-6  rf  ,  segments 

may  be  red  or  black.  .  i  j- 

llab  Throughout  India,  Burma,  and  Tenasserim  ;  extending 
into  the  Malayan  and  even  into  the  Australian  subregions. 
5.  Length  26-33;  exp.  45-50  mm.  d .  Length  19-22;  exp 
38-44  mm. 

213.  Liacos  fulvopicta.    (PI.  1,  fig-  4.) 

Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  y,  1892,  p.  98,  6- 

^  Closely  resembles  some  forms  of  L.  analis,  Eabr.,  but  differs 
in  haying  the  apical  half  of  the  abdomen  fulvous  xvith  fulvous 
mibescence  not  fei-r.uginous,  in  the  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen, 
CecTaUy  ^.he  last,  beLg  much  more  closely  punctured,  and  bemg 
on  the  whole,  sex  for  sex,  a  stouter,  broader  insect. 

Hab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal,  d .  Length  25;  exp.  44  mm. 
Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 


Family  POMPILID^E. 

EossoriaLand  predatorial  wasps  of  very  '^''y^jj'^^^l^^^^^ 
some  very  small  species  as  well  as  some  ot  the  largest  toims 

'-^Teldto^eTrTsfS^^^^^^^  in  shape.    Prothorax  of  variable 
size  and  length,  the  pronotum,  however,  always  reaching  back  to 
l  e  base  o?fhe  wingL    Wings  generally  long  and  ampH  m^ 
genus  .only  ^Para„ilus*)  e^traordmardy  short    f^ie  u^^ng  ^um 
one  radial  and  two  or  three  complete  cubital         'l  ™ 
cubital  ceUs  only  are  present,  the  2od  receives  both  the  i^^^^^^^^^ 
nervures  ;  when  there  are  three  cubital  ceUs,  J^™^^^^^^^ 
i=f  nnrl  the  3rd  the  2nd  recurrent  nervure.    I^egs  long,  redcuiug 

^^The^Sfnce-  between  the  sexes  is  ^^T^^;^'^ 
^ry  striking.  The  males  are,  as  't,:"^l;,The  fe'mls  tTe  e 
Tenderly  built;  the  antenna  are  PO™;^ '  The  api  al  three 
organs,  after  death,  ^'e    sen't  aU^^ 

has  six,  the  male  seven  visible  abdominal  segments. 

*  Not  known  to  occur  in  In'^''^;  the  cubital  nervure  to  tlie 


MACKOMEUIS. 


103 


The  species  of  Pompilida'.  generally  make  their  nests  in  the 
ground,  iu  burrows  dug  by  the  female,  or  in  holes  in  trees,  chinks 
in  the  floors  or  walls  of  wooden  houses,  or  in  the  hollows  of 
bamboos.  Ageaia,  Pseudagenia,  Paragenia,  and,  I  suspect,  Macro- 
meris  too,  construct  little  earthen  shells  for  nests.  As  a  rule, 
spiders  are  provided  as  food  for  the  future  brood,  but  one  or  two 
species  are  ]  redatorial  on  crickets  {Gryllidce),  cockroaches  {Blatta), 
and  Coleoptera.  No  parasitic  forms  are  known  among  the 
Pompilidce. 

Key  to  the  Genera. 

A.  Fore  wing  with  three  complete  cubital  cells. 

a.  Tlnrax  below  in  front  of  the  intermediate 

coxrn  produced  into  lateral  tubercles   Macbomebis,  p.  103. 

b.  Thorax  below  not  tuberculate. 

a'.  Second  ventral  segment  with  a  trans- 
verse furrow. 
a'.  Posterior  tibife  grooved  above,  not 
cylindrical. 
a!'.  Posterior  tibite  smooth,  or  with 
only  a  few  minute  spines,  never 
serrate. 

a'.  Joints  of  anterior  tarsi  much 
attenuated  at  base ;  inter- 
mediate coxse  in  produced 
into  remarkable  tubercles  ante- 
riorly  Paeagenia,  p.  105. 

J*.  Joints  of  anterior  tarsi  normal, 
not  attenuate  at  base ;  inter- 
mediate coxas  in      not  tuber- 


culate   Pseudagenia,  p.  106. 

6'.  Posterior  tibife  more  or  less  thickly 

spinose,  in  5  generally  serrate  .  .  Salius,  p.  122. 
Posterior    tibiee    cylindrical,  with 

minute  spines    Pompiltjs  (group 

b'.  Second  ventral  segment  without  a  trans-  Ferreola), -p.  1Q9. 

verse  furrow. 
a^.  Anterior  tibise  and  tarsi  ciliated  on 

the  outer  side    Pompilus,  p.  147. 

6^^.  Anterior  tibise  and  tarsi  not  spinose 

or  ciliated   Cebopales,  p.  173. 

B.  Fore  wing  with  tivo  complete  cubital  cells 

only    Apobus,  p.  177. 


Genus  MACROMERIS. 

Macromeris,  Lepel.  Guer.  Mag.  Zool.  i,  pi.  29  (1831) ;  id.  Hym.  iii, 
p.  463  (1845) ;  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  181 ;  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges. 
Wien,  1884,  p.  41. 

Type,  M.  splendidci,  Lepel. 

Range.  The  Oriental  region,  extending  to  New  (ruinea. 
Head  flat ;  thorax  massive,  with  lateral  tubercles  beneath,  in 
front  of  the  intermediate  coxse,  the  tubercles  somewhat  in  the 


10-i 


rOMPILIDvE. 


shape  of  mammae ;  legs  massive,  especially  the  coxae  and  femora, 
•which  in  the  J  are  disijroportionately  thick,  with  the  femora 
sometimes  flattened  beneath  into  thin  lamina),  and  serrated,  the 
serrations  blunt ;  tibise  and  tarsi  absolutely  without  spines  and 
bearing  only  a  little  thin  covering  of  long  soft  hairs.  Wings  very 
broad  ;  the  fore  wing  with  the  radial  cell  rounded  at  apex  ;  three 
cubital  cells,  the  2nd,  slightly  smaller  than  the  Ist  or  the  3rd, 
receives  the  1st  recurrent  nervure  towards  the  apex,  the  3rd 
cubital  cell  receives  the  2nd  recurrent  nervure  about  the  middle  ; 
basal  nervure  interstitial,  or  taking  its  rise  beyond  the  apex  of  the 
1st  submedial  cell ;  the  cubital  nervure  in  the  hind  wing  interstitial 
with  the  transverse  anal  nervure. 


Fig.  22. — Side  Tiew  of  thorax 
showiDg  tubercle  in 
front  of  intermediate 


Fig.  21. — Macrnmeris  violacea,  c?.  \. 

The  habits  of  the  species  belonging  to  this  genus  are  almost 
unknown.  Once  I  observed  a  female  carrying  some  large  hairy 
spiders  {Heteropoda  venatoria)  to  a  chink  in  a  deserted  wooden 
house,  in  the  forests  in  Tenasserim,  and  there  is  no  doubt  she  was 
storing  these  as  food  for  her  future  progeny. 

Only  three  species  are  known,  of  which,  so  far  as  I  know,  only 
one,  M.  violaceo;  Lepel.,  is  found  within  our  limits.  Smith,  however 
(loc.  cit.),  gives  M.  splendida  as  coming  from  India  too,  but  there 
is  no  specimen  of  it  from  India  in  the  British  Museum  collec- 
tion, nor  have  I  seen  it  in  any  other  collection  from  India,  Burma, 
Tenasserim,  or  Ceylon.  It,  as  well  as  the  third  species  recently 
described  by  me  (Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  438),  may  occur  ;  I  give, 
therefore,  a  key  to  easily  discriminate  the  three  species. 


Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Wings  dark  fuscous. 

a.  Wings  coppery,  golden  or  ferruginous  _  at 
base,  dark  fuscous  brown,  with  a  rich 
purple  and  blue  effulgence  on  the  apical 
^jjf   M.  splendida. 


MAOROMBBIS.  PAnAGENIA. 


105 


b.  Wings  entirely  dark  fuscous  throughout, 

with  a  rich  purple  and  blue  eHulgeuce   M.  violacea,  p.  106. 

B.  Wings  flavo-hyaline   ^-  castanea. 

So  far  as  I  know,  M.  splendida  and  M.  castanea  occur  only  in 
Java  and  the  Indo-Malayan  subregion. 


214.  Macromeris  violacea,  Zepel.  Guer.  Mag.  Zuol.  1831,  pi.  30,  d; 
id.  Hijvi.  iii,  p.  464,  d  ;  Smilhfiat.  iii,  p.  181 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Month. 
L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  435. 
Macromeris  iridipennis,  Smith,  Jour.  Lmn.  Soc.  1859,  p.  156,  5  cJ, 


$ .  Head,  pro-  and  mesonotum  densely  pruinose  ;  scutelhim, 
postscutellum,  and  legs  smooth  and  shin- 
ing ;  median  segment  above  finely  rugose ; 
abdomen  sparsely  pruinose,  with  a  very 
short  recumbent  pile ;  head  and  thorax 
with  scattered  long  pubescence,  somewhat 
dense  on  the  clypeus  ;  legs  long,  the  tibiae 
and  tarsi  without  spines,  the  coxae  and 
femora  stout,  thick ;  abdomen  fusiform, 
subpetiolate,  the  apical  two  segments 
studded  with  long  erect  hairs.  Black, 
with  beautiful  purple  and  blue  reflections 
in  certain  lights,  the  metanotum  dull  and 
opaque ;  the  pubescence  on  the  head, 
thorax,  and  apex  of  the  abdomen  velvety 
black;  wings  dark  brown,  with  a  most 
brilliant  pm-ple  effulgence  changing  in 
different  lights. 

cJ .  Precisely  similar  in  colour  and 
pubescence ;  differs  only  in  the  form  of  the 
coxae  and  femora  of  the  legs,  which,  as  noted  in  the  description  of 
the  genus,  are  immensely  thickened,  and  in  some  specimens 
(var.  iridipennis,  Sm.)  the  femora  are  laminated  below  and  the 
edge  serrate. 

Hah.  India  generally,  except  in  the  very  dry  regions  ;  Andamans  ; 
Assam;  Burma;  Tenasserim,  and  the  Malayan  region  right 
through  to  New  Guinea.  $  .  Length  25-30  ;  eorp.  58-66  mm. 
6  .  Length  22-26  ;  exp.  56-60  mm. 


Fig.  23. — Macromeris 
violacea,  2 .  \. 


Genus  PARAGENIA. 

Macromeris,  pt.,  Smith  (nec  Lepel.)  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  97. 
Paragenia,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  429. 

Type,  P.  argentifrons,  Smith. 
Range.  The  Indo-Malayan  subregion . 

Head  in  front  slightly  convex  ;  eyes  with  the  inner  orbits  arcuate 
and  converging  above  and  below,  extending  beneath  to  the  base 
of  the  mandibles  ;  thorax,  especially  in  the  male,  massive  ;  median 


106 


POMPIMDJB. 


segment  rounded  posteriorly,  with  a  rather  steep  slope  to  the  apex, 

and  a  median  longitudinal  shallow  furrow; 
legs  long,  the  coxoe  and  femora  ( d ) 
massive,  fore  tarsus  with  the  joints  remark- 
ably attenuate  at  their  bases,  posterior 
coxaj  (c?)  produced  anteriorly  into  a 
prominent  conical  tubercle;  armature 
of  the  legs  feeble,  the  posterior  tibiae 
and  tarsi  with  a  few  minute  spines, 
anterior  tibise  with  a  row  of  minute 
spines  on  the  outside  (  $  )  ;  claws  uni- 
dentate  at  base  below ;  wings  as  in 
Pseudagenia;  abdomen  fusiform,  the 
,  base  attenuate,  almost  petiolate,  the  2nd 

Fig.  2A.—I>aragema        ventral  segment  with  a  transverse  furrow 
argentifrons,  S  ■    \-        at  base. 
The  only  species  at  present  known  has  the  habits  of  Pseudagenia. 
I  found  it  in  July  making  little  clay  cells  like  Eumenes  and  hlUng 
them  with  spiders  {Araneus). 

215.  Paragenia  argentifrons. 

Macromeria  argentifrons,  Smith,  Jour.  Lmn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  97,  ?  d ; 

Cam.  Mem.  Munch.  L.  Ph.  Soc  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  436. 
Paragenia  argentifrons,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  429. 

2  .  Head  and  the  thorax  in  front  opaque,  densely  pruinose ; 
abdomen  with  sparser  pile,  smooth  and  shining  ;  the  sides  of  the 
postscutellum  obliquely  and  the  base  of  the  median  segment  trans- 
versely striate,  the  rest  of  the  median  segment  with  a  rounded 
slope  to  its  apex  and  obscure  fine  irregular  stria? ;  legs  long,  the 
tibiaj  and  tarsi  with  minute  spines ;  abdomen  fusiform,  with  a 
distinct  petiole.  Black  ;  the  face  in  front,  the  thorax  above  and  at 
the  sides,  the  coxae  and  the  trochanters  of  the  legs  clothed  with  a 
glittering  silvery  pile,  having  a  green  tint  in  certam  lights ;  the 
anterior  femora  above,  and  the  intermediate  and  posterior  pair 
ferruginous  red;  the  abdomen  covered  with  a  thm  silky  pile; 
the  wings  flavo-hyaline,  the  tegulse  andnervures  testaceous  brown 

d  The  thorax  more  massive,  the  abdomen  shorter,  the  joints  of 
the  anterior  tarsi  at  base  extremely  attenuated,  and  the  coxae  of  the 
intermediate  legs  produced  anterioriy  into  an  obtuse  tubercle. 

Eab  Sikbim ;  Assam ;  Burma  and  Tenasserun,  extending  to 
the  Malayan  region.  ?  .  Length  17-20  ;  exp.  35-40  mm.  d  •  Length 
16-20 ;  exp.  33-40  mm. 

Genus  PSEUDAGENIA. 
Sphex,  pt.,  Evania,  pt.,  Ceropales,  ^t.  Fabr.  Syst  P{ez.(180i). 
Acrenm,  Dahlb.  (jjcc  Schiddte)  Hym.  Eur.  i,  p.  454  (1845). 
Anoplius,  pt.,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  440  (1845). 

Pompilus,  pt.,  Cai.  ill,  p.  118  (1865).  „  q 

Pilpomusi  pt.|  Costa,  Faun.  Regn.  Nap.,  Inienot.  Acul.,  Fompth,  p.  3 

Psiudaginia,  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wim,  1884,  p.  42. 


PSBUDAGENIA. 


107 


Type,  P.  carbonaria,  Scop. 
Banqe.  Over  both  hemispheres. 

General  form  of  the  insect  long  and  slender,  with  long  un- 
armed legs,  the  fore  tarsi  not  ciliated,  and  the  spines  on  the 
tibiiB  and  tarsi  small  and  inconspicuous,  or  altogether  wanting  ; 
wint^s  with  three  cubital  cells,  the  3rd  always  much  larger  thau 
the°2nd;  abdomen  shortly  petiolate,  the  2nd  ventral  segment 
with  a  transverse  furrow. 


Fig.  25. — Pseudagenia  clypeata,  J. 


The  insects  helongiug  to  this  genus,  so  far  as  known,  build  little 
clay  cells,  like  Scelipliron  and  Eumenes,  and  fill  them  with  spiders, 
as  provision  for  the  larvse. 

Key  to  the  Species. 


A.  Wings  yellow,  npex  infuscate. 
a.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  black. 

a'.  Head,  thorax,and  abdomen  covered  with 

dense  glistening  golden  pile   P.  honesta,  p.  109. 

b'.  Head,   thorax,  and  abdomen  without 
golden  pde  ;  head  and  thorax  marked 

with  yellow   P  atalanta,  p.  109. 

h.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pale  reddish 

yellow    P.  deceptrix,  p.  110. 

.  Head,  thorax,  and  basal  half  of  abdomen  [p.  110. 

red,  apical  half  of  abdomen  black   P.  frauenfddiana, 

li.  Wings  fuscous  or  fusco-hyaline. 

a.  Fore  wing  fuscous,  hind  wing  hyaline, 
a'.  Fore  wing  entirely  dark  fuscous  with  a 

purple  effulgence   P.  artemis,  p.  111. 

b'.  Fore  wing  hyaline  at  base,  dark  fuscous 

for  apical  two-thirds    P.  danae,  p.  111. 

h.  Both  wings  entirely  fuscous. 
a' .  Wings  light  fusco-hyaline. 
a^.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  black 

with  a  blue  tint  in  certain  lights  .  .    P.  ariel,  p.  112. 
V^.  Head  and  thorax  black,  abdomen  red. 
a'.  Median  segment  lightly  trans- 
versely striate,  not  or  scarcely 
sulcate  down  the  middle   P.  concoloi;  p.  112. 


108 


pomulidjE. 


i'.  Median  segment  markedly  trans- 
yersely   striate,  witli   a  narrow 

medial  longitudinal  furrow    P.  pedunculata,  p.  112 

c^.  Head,  greater  part  of  thorax,  and 

abdomen  red  ;  median  segment  black.   P.  obsoletn,  p.  113. 
6'.  Wings  dark  fuscous  with  violet  and 
purple  efl'ulgence 

a^  Abdomen  red    P.  insularis,  p.  113. 

b^.  Abdomen  black   P.  pleheja,  p.  114. 

C.  Wings  clear  hyaline. 

«.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  metallic  blue.  .    P.  blanda,  p.  114. 
b.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  black. 

a'.  Clypeua  white  or  with  lateral  white 
spots. 

a=.  Abdomen  black    P.  dypeata,  p.  114. 

b-.  Abdomen  black,  posterior  margins  of 

the  segments  narrowly  white   P-  albUahris,  p.  116. 

b'.  Olypeus  black. 

a'.  Thorax  in  front  transverse,  the  inferior 

lateral  angles  anteriorly  produced  . .    P.  stulta,  p.  115. 
¥.  Thorax  in  front  rounded,  the  inferior 

lateral  angles  not  produced   P-  tincta,  p.  116. 

D.  Wings  clear  hyaline,  or  hyaline  with  a  yel- 

lowish tint,  with  one  fuscous  subapical 
fascia. 

a.  Median  segment  narrowly  furrowed  down 

the  middle. 
a'.  Posterior  femora  red. 

a-.  Clypeus  and  sides  of  face  in  front 

white   P.  btpmnis,  ^.  116. 

b^.  Clypeus  and  sides  of  face  in  front 

black   P.  hypstpyle,  T?.  U6. 

b'.  Posterior  femora  black. 

a^.  Basal  nervure  of  fore  vsdng  interstitial    P.  j;erf«,  p.  11/. 
P.  Basal  nervure    of   fore  wing  not 

interstitial   P.  alans, -p.  Ui . 

b.  Median  segment  not  furrowed  down  the 

middle.   Pl<Bvicula,^.U8. 

E.  Wino-s  clear  hyaline,  or  hyaline  with  a  yel- 
low^.tinge,  with  two  fuscous  fasciffi  on  the 
fore  wing. 
«.  Thorax  black, 

a'.  Inner  fascia  on  wings  narrower  than 
outer. 

a^.  Median  segment  long,  sulcate  down 
the  middle. 
Minute  (L.  6  mm.) ;  a  red  spot  m 

sinus  of  eyes   JP-  tmcromegaU,  p.  118. 

J'.  Larger  (L.  14-17  mm.);  no  red  spot 

inlinusofeyes    P.  caZWo,  p.  119. 

Median  segment  not  sulcate  down  the 

middle.    P.acncula,^.\\9. 

b'.  Inner  fascia  broader  than  outer   P  ei-igone,  p.  119. 

b.  Thorax  red  •  •    ^-  '^i'"'"'  l""  ^-^^ 


PSBUDA.GENIA. 


109 


r.  Wing:s  hyaline  or  flavo-hyaline,  the  apex 
fuscous. 

«.  Abdomen  black,  or  black  with  grey  or 
silvery  pile. 
a'.  Wings  with  a  decided  yellow  tinge  ; 

posterior  tibiie  immaculate    P.  rava,  p.  120. 

b' .  Wings  hyaline  without  any  yellow  tinge; 
posterior  tibite  with  a  yellow  spot  at 

base  above   P.         p.  121. 

h.  Abdomen  red    P.juno,  p.  121. 

G .  Wings  hyaline,  the  disc  of  the  fore  wing  with 

faint  fuscous  spots  or  clouds    P.  ceerulea,  p.  121. 

216.  Pseudagenia  honesta. 

Pompilus  honestus,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  144,  $  (nec  Agenia  honesta. 
Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1861,  p.  80)  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph. 
Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  459. 

2  J  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  pruinose ;  antennsB  and 
legs  except  the  coxae  bare  and  smooth ;  clypeus  convex,  oval,  its 
anterior  margin  toothed  in  the  middle ;  eyes  converging  at  the 

vertex ;  median  segment  with  a 
rounded  slope  posteriorly,  trans- 
versely striate  and  with  a  shallow 
medial  longitudinal  fm-row  at  apex  ; 
legs  long,  the  tibiae  nearly  smooth 
with  only  a  few  minute  spines ; 
abdomen  subpetiolate.  Head,  thorax, 
and  abdomen  black,  but  in  fresh 
specimens  so  densely  covered  with  a 
thick  golden  pile  intermixed  with 
long  golden  hairs,  that  none  of  the 
ground-colour  shows  through ;  an- 
tennae and  legs  ferruginous ;  wings 
flavo-hyaline,  the  apex  of  the  fore 
wing  beyond  the  2nd  cubital  ceU 
fuscous,  nervures  and  tegulae  ferruginous. 

Hah.  India,  Burma,  and  Tenasserim.  $  .  Length  IT -22 ; 
ea-p.  32-38  mm.     d  •  Length  14c-lQ  ;  exp.  32-36  mm. 

217.  Pseudagenia  atalanta. 

Agenia  atalanta.  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  94,  cJ . 
Pseudagenia  atalanta,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv, 
1891,  p.  436. 

6  .  Head,  thorax  in  front,  and  abdomen  smooth,  median  segment 
with  a  thin,  short,  scanty  pubescence ;  clypeus  large,  convex,  its 
anterior  margin  transverse,  oblique  at  the  sides ;  front  with  a  deep 
vertically  impressed  line  from  the  anterior  ocellus  to  between  the 
base  of  the  antennae ;  scutellum  and  postscutellum  very  prominent, 
laterally  compressed  and  tuberculate  ;  median  segment  with  a  steep 
slope,  rounded  posteriorly,  lightly  transversely  striate  above,  and 
with  a  short  subtriangidar  deeply  impressed  furrow  at  apex; 


Fig.  20. — Pseudagenia  honesta, 


HQ  pompilid;e. 


abdomeu  fusiform.  Black  ;  the  clypeus,  the  sides  of  the  face  up  to 
the  vertex,  a  line  behind  the  eyes,  a  broad  stripe  on  the  posterior 
margin  of  the  pronotum,  a  square  spot  at  apex  of  mesonotum,  the 
scutellum  and  postscutellum  in  the  middle,  and  the  apex  of  the 
femora,  the  tibiaj,  and  tarsi  of  the  legs  chrome-yellow  ;  the  posterior 
tihiee  at  apex,  and  the  apical  joint  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior 
tarsi  fuscous ;  wings  flavo-hyaline  with  a  golden  lustre,  the  apex 

deenlv  infuscated.  ,  ^  •   '     .i    tv/t  i 

Mab  Sylhet,  probably  also  Burma  and  Tenassenm ;  the  Malay 
subregion  as  far  as  Celebes,     d  •  Lenyth  16  ;  e.r^.  34  mm. 

218.  Pseudagenia  deceptrix.  irw      1'2  ^  (nec 

PompUus  deceptor,  Snnth,  Jour.  Lmn  Soc  18f9,  p.  12  c?  ('"c 
Agenia  recte  Pseudagenia  deceptor,  Smith,  A.M.N.  H.  (4)  xi, 
1873,  p.  447). 

Q  Head  and  thorax  in  front  dull,  opaque,  very  finely  and 
minutely  punctured;  median  segment  transversely  striate;  abdomen 
smooth,  polished  and  shining;  clypeus  subconvex,  its  anterior 
margin  produced,  subangular  in  the  middle,  obhque  at  the  sides  ; 
monotum  very  short,  anteriorly  somewhat  truncate  the  trunca- 
£on  rounded ;  median  segment  long,  bulging  a  the  s.des 
rounded  posteriorly,  with  a  very  gradual  s  ope  to  the  apex,  and 
bearing  a  medial, 'broad,  but  shallow  longitudinal  furrow ;  legs 
long  the  tibiiB  and  tarsi  with  very  minute  spines;  abdomen  short 
Slate,  not  so  long  as  the  thorax.  Pale  reddish  yellow,  the  apica 
three  iotits  of  the  lagellum  of  the  antenna  fuscous;  wings  hght 
flrvo-hyaline,  the  apex  beyond  the  1st  cubital  cell  broadly  and 

'^^'f  sfmlrbut  slighter,  the  vertex  and  mesonotum  generally 

'"ST  SSal ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim ;  Celebes.  ?  .  LengtT.  15-18  ; 
exp.  34-38  mm.     6  •  Length  13  ;  exp.  35  mm. 

fg^faX^M^^^^^^  P- 
Pseudagenia  frauenfeldiana,  Cam  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv, 
1891^?-  437. 

0  Head,  thorax  in  front,  and  abdomen  smooth,  but  not 
^V,^^;;^^  the  clypeus  convex,  its  anterior  margin  rounded  and 
shuimg  ,  .g^^teiiun^  and  median  segment  transversely 

T^ff^\iXv^T^^  -  longitudinal  broad  sulcation  in  the 
Sdle  the  latter  4h  a  rounded  regular  slope  to  ts  apex ;  legs 
middle  the  ^^a^e  ^^^^^^  ^^^^^^ .  abdomen 

long,  Variegated  with  red  and  black,  the 

subpetiolate  and  tu  t  ^^^^g^^^         ^  erown-shaped  mark 

Wp  this  a  broad  V-shaped  macula,  black ;  thorax  and 
^XwrnT^'gltSlhe' a^^^^^^^^  ^vings  flavo-hyaline.  the 


PSEUDAGENIA. 


Ill 


apex  of  the  fore  wing  fuscous  from  beyond  the  middle  of  the  2nd 
cubital  cell,  nervures  and  tegulao  testaceous.  Specimens  vary  in 
having  more  or  less  of  the  red  or  the  black  colour  predominant. 

Bab.  Tenasserim ;  Java.  $  .  Length  11-14  ;  exp.  18-23  mm. 
d  unknown. 

220.  Pseudagenia  artemis,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Sue.  1896,  p.  427,  $ . 

2 .  Head,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  scuteUum,  postscutellum,  and 
abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  metanotum  and  the  pleuras  trans- 
versely striate ;  clypeus  convex,  its  anterior  margin  subangular ; 
median  segment  with  a  rounded  steep  slope  to  its  apex ;  legs  lonjj, 
the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibisB  and  tarsi  with  very  minute 
spines,  almost  smooth;  abdomen  with  the  basal  segment  less 
petiolate  than  in  most  of  the  species  of  the  genus.  Dark  cobalt- 
blue  ;  the  antenuce,  femora,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  of  the  legs  opaque 
black ;  the  fore  wing  dark  fuscous  with  a  purple  effulgence, 
the  hind  wing  hyaline,  very  slightly  pubescent  at  apex,  nervures 
and  tegulse  piceous  ;  the  face  in  front,  the  sides  of  the  thorax,  and 
the  median  segment  covered  with  a  soft  sparse  silvery  white 
pubescence. 

ffah.  Tenasserim.     $  .  Length  19  ;  exj>.  40  mm. 

221 .  Pseudagenia  danae,  Biiiffh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Sac.  1896,  p.  205, 

5  c?,  pi.  i,  fig.  12,$. 

$ .  Head,  thorax,  and  the  coxae  of  the  legs  densely  pruinose, 
abdomen  thinly  pruinose,  the  antennae,  trochanters,  femora,  tibiae, 
and  tarsi  bare  and  smooth  ;  clypeus  oval,  convex,  its  anterior 
margin  narrowly  smooth  and  shining ;  median  segm.ent  with  a 
rounded  slope  posteriorly,  a  broad  shallow  furrow  down  the 
middle,  two  shorter  lateral  ones,  and  coarse  transverse  striations ; 
legs  long,  with  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  smooth,  or  with  only  very 
minute  short  spines;  abdomen  subpetiolate.  Black,  the  head, 
thorax,  and  the  coxae  of  the  legs  covered  with  dense  golden 
pile;  the  scape  of  the  antennae,  the  trochanters,  femora,  tibiae, 
and  tarsi  of  the  legs  ferruginous ;  the  fore  wing  hyaline  up  to 
the  basal  nervure,  beyond  fuscons,  hind  wing  hyaline  \Aith  a 
broad  very  light  fuscous  margin  at  apex ;  abdomen  covered  with  a 
very  thin  silvery  pile,  the  posterior  margins  of  the  segments 
testaceous. 

d" .  The  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  covered  with  a  sericeous 
silvery  pile,  very  dense  on  the  sides  of  the  clypeus  and  the  inner 
margin  of  the  eyes  ;  the  whole  of  the  antennae,  the  trochanters, 
tibiae  above  and  the  tarsi  of  the  antei-ior  legs,  and  the  trochanters 
and  tarsi  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  legs  more  or  less  fuscous 
black;  the  femora,  tibiae  below  of  the  anterior,  the  femora  and 
tibiae  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  legs,  with  the  basal  two 
segments  of  the  abdomen,  ferruginous  red ;  the  wings  are  fusco- 
hyaline,  a  little  paler  at  base. 


112 


POMPfLID^. 


Hah.  Sikhim,  Assam,  Burma,  and  Tenasserim.  2  •  Length 
17-25  ;  exp.  36-41  ram.    S  •  Lemjili  12-15  ;  exp.  29-32  mm. 

222.  Fseudagenia  ariel,  Cam.  Mem.  Munch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 
pp.  436  &  439 

5  .  Priiinose ;  head  convex  in  front,  eyes  slightly  converging 
beneath ;  clypeus  convex,  subtriangular,  toothed  in  the  middle,  an 
indistinct  vertical  furrow  on  the  front;  the  pronotum  short, 
broad,  rounded  anteriorly  ;  median  segment  with  a  rather  steep 
slope  to  apex,  transversely  striate  ;  legs  long,  the  tibise  and  tarsi 
nearly  smooth  ;  abdomen  petiolate,  the  petiole  short.  Black,  with 
deep  blue  tints  in  certain  lights;  the  antennae,  tibise,  and  tarsi 
opaque  black ;  the  clypeus,  front  of  the  head,  and  sides  of  the 
median  segment  with  dense  silvery  pile  and  some  long  white 
hairs ;  wings  subhyaline,  slightly  suffused  with  fuscous. 

Hah.  Barrackpore,  Bengal ;  Tenasserim.  ?  .  Length  9  ;  exp. 
20  mm. 


223.  Fseudagenia  concolor. 

Agenia  concolor,  Sauss.  Novara  Heise,  Rym.  p.  54,  c?  • 
Pseudagenia  concolor.  Cam.  Mem.  Munch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv, 
1891,  p.  437. 

(5  .  Eesembles  P.  insularis,  Sauss.,  but  is  more  slender  in  form, 
with"  the  thorax  strongly  compressed,  narrower,  and  longer; 
clypeus  long,  transversely  truncate  ;  labrum  transverse  and 
subemarginate ;  postscuteilum  obsoletely  striate  on  both  sides, 
metanotum  with  no  median  sulca  and  not  transversely  striate  ; 
abdomen  slender,  fusiform,  vertically  compressed,  nearly  as  long  as 
the  head  and  thorax  put  together.  Black,  the  head,  thorax,  and 
cox£e  with  silvery  pile ;  the  apex  of  the  mandibles  and  the  palpi 
ferruginous;  legs  and  abdomen  red,  the  coxse  and  tarsi  pubescent ; 
wings  obscurely  fuscous,  with  a  violet  and  purple  effulgence,  the 
apical  margin  slightly  darker. 

Hah.  Ceylon,     d  .  Length  14  ;  exp.  27  mm. 

224.  Pseudagenia  pedunculata. 

Pompilus  pedunculatus,  Sinith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  145,  J . 
Salius  pedunculatus.  Cam.  Mem.  Munch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891 
p.  452. 

9  Head,  thorax  in  front,  and  abdomen  smooth,  median 
se<^m'ent  transversely  striate ;  clypeus  transversely  oval,  its  anterior 
margin  rounded  and  toothed  in  the  middle  ;  front  with  an  obscure 
impressed  line  from  the  anterior  ocellus  to  between  the  base  ot  the 
antenna  ;  pronotum  short,  rounded  in  front,  and  considerably 
narrowed  towards  the  head  ;  median  segment  rounded  and  promi- 
nent with  an  obscure  impressed  line  longitudinally  down  the 
middle ;  legs  long,  rather  stout,  the  tibiiB  and  tarsi  with  imnute 
spines;  abdomen  shorter  than  the  thorax,  petiolate.  Head 
thorax  and  the  coxte  of  the  legs  black;  the  trochanters,  femora 


PSBUDAGENTA. 


113 


tibise,  and  tarsi  bright  orange-brown,.abclonien  reddish  brown  •  the 
fore  wing  fusco-hyaline,  the  hind  wing  hyaline,  lightly  fuscesceut 
towards  the  apex. 

ZTaft  N   India;   Sikhim;   Barrackpore.      ^.Length  12-15- 
ex-p.  26-25  mm.  ' 

225.  Pseudagenia  obsoleta. 

Agenia  obsoleta,  Sauss.  Novara  Jteise,  Hym.  r   56    9    nl  ;;; 
tig.  37,  c?  •  .7       r       )   + )  1".  uj, 

Pseiid^|enia  obsoleta,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 

S.  Head  not  so  wide  as  the  thorax;  clypeus  emarginate  • 
labrum  large  oval :  the  front  of  the  face  flat,  dh^ded  by  a  fertieal 
furrow  and  tuberculate  below;  eyes  parallel;  thorax  long,  quadrate 
truncate  anteriorly  and  posteriorly;   pronotum  short  posteriS 
margin  arched  ;  scuteHnm  and  postscutellum  raised  in  the  midX 
and  laterally   compressed;    median  segment   cubical  in  form 
abruptly  truncate  posteriorly,  above  smooth  or  slightly  punctured- 
abdomen  sessde,  ovate,  vertically  flattened,  finlly  and  densely' 
punc  ured.     Head,  antenna,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  teguS  the 
scu  ellum    legs,  and  abdomen  red;    the  head  and  thorax  wth 
golden  red  pde;  the  rest  of  the  thorax  and  the  cox^  with  bkck 
sometimes  tulvous-tmted  pile;   the  margins  of  the  segments  of 
the  abdomen  abov-^  b  ack  in  the  middle  f  wings  fuscous?  whh  a 
fulvous  and  towards  the  apex  violet  eifulgence    Varieties  hive  the 
metanotum  marked  with  red,  or  entirely  red,  and  the  coxS  reddish 
others  are  more  slender,  with  the  margination  of  the  clypeus 
angular,  the  thorax  entirely  black  with  cinereous   and  sUvery 

Mab.  Ceylon.     $  .  LengiJi  17;  exp.  32  mm. 

*226.  Pseudagenia  insularis. 

Agenia  insularis,  Sams.  Novara  Reise,  Hym  p  55  o 
Ps^eudagenia  insularis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  8oc  (4.)  iy,  iggi, 

? .  Allied  to  P.  ohsoleta,  Sauss.,  but  abundantly  different 
Clypeus  longer,  convex,  its  anterior  margin  arched  nnrl  ^'■'^f':- 
the  middle,  and  wrinkled;  frontal  tuberde  si^iiLTt^thel;'' 
deeper;  pronotum  with  the  posterior  margin  subcanLuhtP  ^ 
and  markedly  angular;  scutellum  convex  postscu^^^^^^^^^ 
by  an  obsolete  furrow  and  obliquely  striate'  on  tt.  J  ^'^'^""^ 
segmentnottruncate  sh-ghtlysl  l^reotex^'wS^^ 

Sre^Xl"^  '  Jda^rl'fituTSr^ 

iTai.  Ceylon.     2  ■  Length  17  •  exp.  32  mm. 

I  have  not  seen  either  this  snecie's  rr  p  ^««,„„7  a 
seems  closely  allied  to  it.    Both    o  far     7Z  T  ^'"f'"' 
seem  to  be  very  similar  to  P  pcdZcuL^'  fZh^'V-'"''''  ^^oes, 
that  all  three  are  forms  of  one  speTs        '  ^"'"'^^^ 

VOL.  I. 

I 


114 


POMI'ILIDjE. 


227.  Pseudagenia  plebeja.         ^  .  - 

\irmntin\ehii\ei,  Saius.  Novara  Ileise,  Ilym. -p.  t>7,  6 .  . 
pSa 'enia  plel^eja,  Cum.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 

p.  438. 

A    Head  pruinose.  thorax  and  abdomen  smooth ;  clypeus  convex, 
i,stterSor  margin  widely  emarginate  ;  the  J^^! 
furrow  tuberculate  above  the  antenna ;  pronotum  short,  sub- 
aniila  •  its  posterior  margin  arched,  the  suture  profound  ;  median 
Se  t  rounded  posteriorly,  short;  abdomen  longitudinally  and 
verrfinely  aciculate.    Head  with  cinereous,  sometimes  yellowish 
thorax  and  abdomen  with  fuscous  hau-s,  and  an  obscure 
i'uS  or  chalybeous  pruinosity  ;  the  antennae  beneath,  a  spot 
oftheSddle  of  the  maidibles,  a  spot  on  the  front  along  the 
°^terior  3  s,  a  stripe  behind  the  eyes,  with  the  tegul^fi,  fusco- 
rufous  •  le's  with  a  fuscous  and  anteriorly  rufescent  pile  ;  vangs 

IZ^^tL'^GuSr.  Voy.  Co,.,  Zool.  ii,  pt.  2,  p.  260;  SmUH, 

Cai.  iii,  p.  143.  ... 
Anoplius  cyaneus,  Lepel  Hym.  m,  P •  44b. 

^s:.».X«"-£ri:?.''.t.  ,4>  i.  1801, 

P-436.  J 
Q    Head  fore  part  of  the  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and 

dull  black,       basal  ^  nervures  piceous  ;  beneath  the 

^torn'^sSck  with  o^ly  the  basal  segment  blue,  the  head 
tt"  cLselyl  the  sides  of  L  thorax  and  abdomen  more  lightly 

'%:t  SrBSr:  Ceylon,  extending  to  Malacca,  Borneo,  and 
Cefebes.     ?  •  Length  12-14;  e.p.  24-27  mm. 
229  Pseudagenia  clypeata,  Bingh.  Jour.  Lmn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  427. 
^   -D    ■        •  the  head  a  little  broader  than  the  thorax;  clypeus 

short,  the  anterior  angles  square,       Postmor^^^  ,  . 

arched,  -^-^t '''^^'^Z:i:^'lt^^^^  ^^°P^  ^« 

rest  of  the  thorax,  rounded  PO^Jfrioiiy,  ^  /central  longi- 

apex,  obsoletely  ^ra-verselv  striate^^^^^^^  ^^^^ 


PSEUDAGBNIA, 


115 


large  white  macula  on  each  side,  the  anterior  tibiffi  and  tarsi 
testaceous,  the  ititermodiate  femora  at  apex,  and  the  posterior 
femora  except  at  the  extreme  base  light  orange-red  ;  wings  hyaline, 
brilliantly  iridescent  in  certain  lights,  nervures  and  tegidaj  testa- 
ceous. ^  In  some  specimens  the  clypeus  is  entirely  white. 

cJ  similar,  but  slighter  and  smaller,  the  anterior  femora,  tibia;, 
and  tarsi,  and  the  intermediate  and  posterior  femora  completely 
light  orange-red. 


Huh.  Burma;  Tenasserim.  5.  Length  Q~12;  eay.  17-2S  mm. 
6  .  Length  7-9  ;  exp.  14-17  mm. 


230.  Pseudagenia  albilabris,  n.  sp. 

6  ■  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pruinose  ;    the  clypeus  large 
convex,  its  anterior  margin  transverse  and  slightly  waved  ;  eyes' 
convergent  above;    prouotum  short,   rounded,  and  very' steep 
anteriorly :  median  segment  long,  rounded,  with  a  gradual  slope  to 
the  apex,  and  a  central  longitudinally  impressed  line,  its  anterior 
lobe  deeply  sulcated  in  the  middle  and  obsoletely  transverselv 
striate ;   legs  long,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  smooth,  the  long  calcaria 
of  the  hmd  tibiae  about  half  the  length  of  the  metatarsus  ;  abdomen 
petiolate,  fusiform,  about  as  long  as  the  bead  and  thorax  too-ether 
Black,  with  a  thin  silvery  pile;  the  palpi,  labrum,  mandibles  &t  apex' 
clypeus  except  an  obscure  spot  in  the  centre,  face  to  a  little  aiSove 
the  base  of  the  antennae  in  the  middle  and  up  to  the  vertex  .alon"- 
the  inner  orbits  of  the  eyes,  the  scape  of  the  antennse  in  front° 
the  anterior  coxae   in  front,  the  femora,  tibije,  and  tarsi  the 
posterior  margins  of  segments  2-4  of  the  abdomen,  with  a 
large  subtriangnlar  macula  on  each  side  of  the  6th   and  the 
apical  segment,  yellowish  white ;  the  intermediate  and'  posterior 
femora  hght  orange-red,  the  tibite  and  tarsi  dusky  black  •  wino-s 
hyahne  and  iridescent,  nervures  and  tegul»  testaceous.  ' 
Hah.  Kumaun,  N.  India.     <S  ■  Length  10  ;  exp.  18  mm. 

231.  Pseudagenia  stulta,  Bingh.  Jour.  Lmn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  428,  $. 

2  .  Pruinose  ;  head  wider  than  the   thorax,  strongly  convex 
anteriorly;  clypeus  narrow,  transverse;  pronotum  very  square 
in  front,  anteriorly  almost  emarginate,  the  lateral  angles  produced  • 
the  thorax  in  front  finely  punctured ;  the  median  segment  rounded 
posteriorly,  finely  cribrate,  its  apex  with  an  abbreviated  shallow 
central,  longitudinal  furrow  ;  legs  with  the  tibise  and  tarsi  minutelv 
spined;  abdomen  pebiolate,  as  long  as  the  thorax,  shining  and 
somewhat  aciculate.     Black,  the  clypeus  and  front  with  glitterine 
silvery  pile ;  the  coxae,  trochanters,  femora,  tibiie,  and  tarsi  of  the 
anterior,  and  the  coxae,  trochanters,  and  femora  of  the  intermediate 
and  posterior  legs  blood-red;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent  the 
nervures  and  tegulae  testaceous.  ' 
Hab.  Tenasserim.     $  .  Length  ]  1 ;  exp.  26  mm. 

I  2 


116  .POMPILIDJB. 


232.  Pseudagenia  tincta. 

Poiupilus  tiuctus,  &mith,  Cat.  in,  p.  145^  2  • 

Agenia  tincta,  Smith,  Jour.  Lmn.  &oc  1 867,  p.  364. 

Agenin  mutabilis,  Smith,  Trans.  Zool.  Soc.  xu,lS70,  p.  186,  5 

rseudagenia  tiucta.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  &oc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 

pp.  437,  441. 
Pseudagenia  mutabilis,  Cam.  t.  c.  p.  i-il. 

9    Pruinose;  clypeus  transversely  oval,  convex,  its  anterior 
margin  boldly  arched;  pronotum  short,  its  posterior  margin  widely 
arched;  median  segment  broad,  rounded,  rather  steep  atapex,  vvith 
a  central  longitudinally  impressed  line;  legs  smooth   the  tibiae 
and  tarsi  unarmed  ;  abdomen  distinctly  petiolate,  the  petiole  shorl. 
Black,  with  soft,  thin,  rather  longish  silvery  white  pile,  most  dense 
on  the  clypeus,  the  sides  of  the  face,  and  apex  of  the  median 
se-ment;  the  legs  obscurely  testaceous,  the  posterior  femora  except 
at  apex  pale  red ;  posterior  margins  of  the  segments  of  the  abdomen 
narrowly  testaceous.    The  colour-  of  the  legs  varies ;  in  some 
specimens  it  is  black  with  the  posterior  or  posterior  and  inter- 
mediate, or  all  the  femora  more  or  less  red. 

cJ  similar  ;  differs  in  having  the  median  segment  and  the  petiole 
of  the  abdomen  comparatively  much  longer.  Both  sexes  have  the 
wings   hyahne  and   iridescent,  and  the   nervures   and  tegulae 

^^S^'^North-West  Provinces,  Sikhim,   and   Barrackpore  in 
India  ;■  Burma  and  Tenasserim.     ?  .  Lerujth  9-11 ;  exp.  14  mm. 
(J  .  Length  7-9  ;  exp.  14  mm. 

233.  Pseudagenia  bipennis. 

Agenia  bipennis,  Savss. 

P-  52,  cJ .  .      ^  „ 

Pseudagenia  bipennis.    Cam.  Mem. 
L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  436. 

^  Eesembles  P.  alaris,  Sauss.,  hut  is  smaller 
and  more  slender ;  the  head  is  not  so  wide  m 
proportion  to  the  thorax,  and  the  anterior  and 
intermediate  coxae  in  front,  the  labrura,  apex  of 
the  mandibles,  sides  of  the  clypeus,  and  the  inner 
orbits  of  the  eyes  are  yellowish  white,  and  the 
posterior  femora  dull  orange-red. 

Hab.  Sikhim;  Burma;  Tenasserun ;  Ceylon, 
cj  .  Length  9  ;  exp.  17  mm. 


Novara  Reise,  Hym. 

Manch. 


— Pseud- 
bipennis, 


234.  Pseudagenia  hypsipyle,  Bingh.  Joum.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  1893, 
p.  370. 

TT^nrq  thorax  in  front,  and  abdomen  pruinose,  smooth  but  not 


PSEUDAGENIA. 


117 


petiolate.  Black,  the  posterior  femora  red,  the  face  in  front,  the 
sides  of  the  thorax,  aud  the  median  segment  at  apex  covered 
with  silvery  pile  ;  the  base  of  the  1st  to  the  oth  segments  of  the 
abdomen  with  lateral  short  broad  bands  of  tlie  same,  only  visible 
in  certain  lights  ;  wings  hyaline,  iridescent,  a  faint  fnscoiis  fascia 
crossing  the  fore  wing  from  the  radial  to  the  apex  of  the  2ijd 
discoidal  cell ;  nervures  and  tegulsB  testaceous  brown. 

Hab.  Sikhim  ;  Tenasserim.     $  .  Length  16 ;  exp.  29  mm. 
smaller  and  slighter. 

*23o.  Pseudagenia  vedaf,  Cam.  Mem.  Manck  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891 
pp.  438,  440. 

"Black,  wings  clear  hyaline;  a  small  fuscous  cloud  below  and 
touching  the  stigma.    Eyes  a  little  converging,  the  hinder  ocelli 
separated  from  each  other  by  a  very  slightly  less  distance  than 
they  are  from  the  ej'es.    Clypeus  short,  convex,  the  apex  broadly 
rounded.    Occiput  slightly  concave  in  the  middle.    The  front 
strongly  aciculate,  the  vertex  shining,  almost  impunctate.  The 
head  except  on  the  vertex  densely  covered  with  a  silvery  pubescence, 
the  vertex  with  a  few  fuscous  hairs ;  the  lower  and  outer  orbits 
with  some  long  silvery  ones.    Pronotum  shorter  than  the  head, 
roundly  narrowed  towards  the  head,  shallowly  concave  behind. 
Pro-  and  mesothorax  alutaceous ;   the  median  segment  with  a 
rounded  slope,  irregularly  transversely  striated,  deeply  furrowed 
down  the  centre,  the  sides  covered  with  long  whitish  hairs. 
Abdomen  shining  pruinose,  having  an  olive  tint,  the  petiole  with  a 
distinct  neck.    Radial  cellule  wide,  angled  where  the  cubital 
nervures  are  received  ;  the  2nd  cubital  cellule  at  the  top  distinctly 
shorter  than  the  3rd,  especially  on  the  lower  side;  the  1st  and 
2nd  transverse  cubital  nervures  with  a  slight  oblique  curve  •  the 
1st  recurrent  nervure  is  received  a  little  beyond  the  middle  •  the 
2nd  at  a  less  distance  from  the  base.    Legs  densely  covered  with 
a  silvery  pile  ;  the  long  spur  of  the  hind  tibiae  not  much  more  than 
one-third  of  tlie  length  of  the  metatarsus  ;  the  front  spurs  pale,  the 
front  tarsi  fuscous ;  the  tibiae  with  short  spines ;  the  metatarsal 
brush  slight.    This  species  differs  from  the  others  in  having  the 
basal  nervure  interstitial,  but  in  other  respects  it  agrees  with  the 
generic  character. 
''■Length  7  mm." 
Hab.  Poona  (  Wroughton). 

236.  Pseudagenia  alaris. 

Ageuia  alaris,  Sams.  Novara  Raise,  Hym.  p.  62,  $  . 

Pseudagenia  alaris,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  i  v,  1891,  p.  436. 

Ti*'^  T"'?  'described    by   Mr.    Cameron,    from   specimens  in 

Mr.  Wrouglitons  collection.  In  Mr.  Bothney's  collectioa  there  are  two 
specimens  ol  a  Pseudagenia  (whioh  do  not  in  any  way  differ  from  P  tincta) 
labelled  P.  veda  in  Mr.  Cameron's  writing.  As  neither  corresponds'  to  the 
published  description  of  veda,  I  conclude  the  label  has  been  attached  to  tho 
two  specimens  by  mistake. 


118 


POMPILIDjB. 


$  .  Pruinose  ;  head  wide,  much  wider  than  the  thorax  ;  clypeus 
trausversely  oval,  convex,  its  anterior  margin  arched,  and  with  a 
minute  tooth  in  the  middle ;  pronotum  rounded  anteriorly  and 
abruptly   narrowed  towards   the  head ;    scutellum   and  post- 
scutellum  prominent,  compressed  laterally  in  the  middle;  median 
segment  long,  obsoletely  transversely  striate,  rounded,  with  a 
gradual  slope  to  apex  and  an  obscure  shallow  central  longitudinal 
sulcation ;   legs  very  long  and  slender,  the  tibiiB  and  tarsi  with 
minute  spines ;  abdomen  petiolate,  fusiform,  about  the  length  of 
the  thorax.    Black,  with  a  hoary  pile,  silvery  in  certain  lights  on 
the  clypeus  and  sides  of  the  face ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent, 
obscurely  yellow -tinted  at  base,  a  pale  fuscous  cloud  occupies  the 
base  of  the  radial,  the  2nd  and  3rd  cubital,  and  the  apex  of  the  2nd 
discoidal  cell ;  uervures  and  tegulaj  testaceous, 

cJ  similar,  but  sliuhter  and  smaller. 

Hub.  aikhim  ;  Burma  ;  Teuasserim  ;  Ceylon.  $  .  Leyigth  11-14  ; 
exp.  18-21  ujm.    6  .  Length  8-10  ;  exp.  18-20  mm. 


237.  Pseudagenia  IsBvicula,  n.  sp. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  opaque,  very  slightly  pruinose,  abdomen 
smooth  ;  clypeus  subconvex,  its  anterior  margin  arched  and  with  a 
minute  tooth  in  the  middle;  pronotum  short,  rounded  anteriorly; 
median  segment  long,  posteriorly  rounded,  with  a  gradual  slope  to 
the  apex  and  obscure  fine  transverse  striations ;  legs  with  the  tibiae 
and  tarsi  very  minutely  spined,  almost  smooth ;  abdomen  short, 
petiolate.  Black,  the  clypeus,  sides  of  the  face,  and  sides  of  the 
median  segment  at  apex  with  silvery  pile ;  wings  hyalme,  iridescent 
and  with  a  fuscous  cloud  occupying  the  apex  of  the  radial  and 
descending  into  the  apex  of  the  2nd  discoidal  cell.  .    „  ^, 

cJ  very  similar,  but  with  the  femora,  tibise,  and  tarsi  of  the 
anterior  legs,  and  the  intermediate  and  posterior  femora  light 
testaceous  or  orange-red,  the  calcaria  of  the  intermediate  tibiaj 
testaceous  yellow,  of  the  posterior  tibia;  black. 

Hah.  Teuasserim.  ?  .  Length  7-8  ;  exp.  13  mm.  6  •  Lemgth 
6-7  ;  exp.  13  mm. 

238.  Pseudagenia  micromegala.         „  .     ^        K^  o  ^^  \\\ 

Agenia  micromegas,  Smiss.  Novara  Beise,  Hym.  p.  SI,  V>  P^- 1". 

Pseudagenia  micromegas,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 
p.  437. 

2  Pruinose;  head  broader  than  long;  thorax  very  broad; 
clypeus  subconvex,  its  anterior  margin  arched,  reflexed  in  the 
middle;  thorax  compressed,  pronotum  narrowed  antenorly  its 
no  terior  margin  arched;  median  segment  convexly  dec  ivous  with 
rceutral  longitudinal  sulcation  ;  legs  long,  the  tibial  calcaria  long ; 
abdomen  widely  subfusiform.  Black,  with  dense  cinereous  pile  the 
ts  Saceous'^brown,  the  tibial  calcaria  light  testaceous ;  the  front 
with  arufescent  spot  in  the  sinus  of  the  eyes  ;  wmgs  hyaline  and 


PSBUDAGBNIA. 


119 


iridescent,  with  a  narrow  fuscous  fascia  along  the  basal  ncrvure, 
and  another  broader  one  reaching  from  the  base  of  the  radial  to 
the  apex  of  the  2nd  discoidal  cell. 

Bab.  Ceylon.     $  .  Lemjlh  6 ;  exp.  10  mm. 

239.  Pseudagenia  callisto. 

Ageniii  callisto,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1869,  p,  164,  5  . 

$  .  Closely  resembles  P.  alaris,  Sauss.,  but  is  more  densely 
covered  with  silvery  pile,  which  on  the  abdomen  has  a  tesselated 
appearance  ;  the  median  segment  is  more  markedly  transversely 
striate  aud  not  sulcated,  and  the  fore  wing  is  crossed  by  two  dark 
fuscous  clouds — one  narrow,  along  the  basal  nervure,  the  other 
much  broader,  from  the  base  of  the  radial  to  the  apex  of  the  2nd 
discoidal  cell. 

S  similar,  but  the  intermediate  and  posterior  femora  and  the 
base  of  the  abdomen  are  obscurely  orange-red,  and  the  anterior 
tarsi  with  the  calcaria  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibiffl 
testaceous  yellow. 

Hub.  Tenasserim;  Sumatra;  Aru  Islands;  probably  extending 
throughout  the  Malayan  region.  $.  Length  14-17;  exp.  28- 
31  mm.     cf .  Length  11;  e.vp.2Qmm. 

240.  Pseudagenia  acricula,  n.  sp. 

$ .  Head,  thorax  in  front,  and  abdomen  smooth,  somewhat 
shining;  median  segment  coarsely  transversely  rugose,  almost 
cribrate  ;  clypeus  transverse,  slightly  convex ;  antennaj  with  the 
joints  of  the  tiagellum  constricted  at  their  bases ;  median  segment 
short,  rounded,  with  a  steep  slope  at  apex,  where  there  is  a  central 
shallow  longitudinal  sulcation  ;  legs  rather  stout,  the  tibia  and 
tarsi  very  feebly  spinose ;  abdomen  petiolate.  Black,  the  scape 
and  basal  six  or  seven  joints  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antenna  dusky 
red ;  the  anterior  femora,  tibia,  and  basal  joint  of  the  tarsi,  and 
the  intermediate  and  posterior  coxa,  trochanters,  and  femora  red : 
wings  hyaline,  the  stigma  jet-black,  a  broad  fuscous  cloud  or  bar 
with  the  sides  sharply  and  evenly  defined  occupies  the  basal  three- 
fourths  of  the  radial  cell  and  descends  obhquely  outwards  through 
the  2nd  and  3rd  cubital  to  the  2nd  and  3rd  discoidal  cells ;  the 
basal  nervure  in  the  fore  wing  is  also  shaded  narrowly  on'  both 
sides  with  fuscous. 

Hab.  Tenasserim,     $  .  Length  7  ;  exp.  15  mm, 

241.  Pseudagenia  erigone,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  426. 

?  .  Head  and  thorax  rugose,  abdomen  smooth  and  shining, 
head  and  pronotum  very  closely  and  finely  punctured ;  mesonotum 
scutellum,  and  postscutellum  longitudinally,  the  median  segment 
transversely,  and  the  pleura  obhquely  striate,  the  stria  very  fine 
on  the  mesonotum  and  pleura,  and  coarse  on  the  scutellum,  post- 
scutellum, and  median  segment ;  legs  smooth,  with  very  minute 


120 


POMPILIDjE. 


spines  on  the  tibiae  and  on  the  tarsi  beneath  ;  abdomen  petiolate. 
Black,  the  head,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  and  median  segment  dull 
and  opaque,  the  scutellum  and  abdomen  shining;  the  opaque  parts 
covered  with  an  almost  imperceptible  sparse  silvery  pile :  wings 
hyaline,  with  two  fuscous  transverse  fascijB — the  first  broad,  along 
the  basal  nervare,  and  reaching  from  the  costal  to  the  posterior 
margin  of  the  fore  wing  ;  tlie  second  narrower,  occupying  the  basal 
angle  of  the  radial  and  the  apex  of  the  2Qd  cubital  cell. 

Hub.  The  Kareu  Hills,  Tenasserim.    $  .  Length  13  ;  exp.  27  mm. 

242.  Pseudagenia  aegina. 

Agenia  regina,  Smith,  Jonr.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  94,  $  ;  idem,  1867, 
p.  355. 

Pseudagenia  segina,  Cam.  3Iem.  Manch.  Z.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  v,  1891, 
p.  436. 

9  c?  .  Head  and  abdomen  smooth,  thorax  finely  rugose ;  clypeus 
large,  convex,  orbicular,  its  anterior  margin  toothed  in  the  middle  ; 
pronotum,  mesonotum,  and  scutellum  with  very  fine  punctures ; 
median  segment  long,  abruptly  rounded  posteriorly  and  transversely 
striate  ;  legs  long,  armed  with  a  few  short  feeble  spines ;  abdcmen 
subpetiolate.  Head,  legs,  and  abdomen  black,  thorax  blood-red 
wings  hyaline,  with  in  the  fore  wing  a  shading  of  fuscous  on 
both  sides  of  the  basal  nervure,  and  an  irregular  transverse  fuscous 
spot  beyond,  occupying  the  basal  two-thirds  of  the  radial,  the  2nd 
and  3rd  cubital  cells,  and  extending  into  the  2nd  and  3rd  (in- 
complete) discoidal  cells. 

.¥a6.  India  ;   Burma  ;   Tenasserim  ;   Ceylon  ;   Borneo.      $ . 
Liiigth  10 ;  e.vp.  24  mm.     6  slighter  and  much  smaller. 

243.  Pseudagenia  rava,  Binffh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  426. 

9  Pruinose ;  the  head  in  front  and  on  the  vertex,  the  pronotum 
and  mesonotum  strongly  aciculate;  the  clypeus  convex,  its  anterior 
margin  rounded  and  toothed  m  the  middle  ; 
a  short,  deeply  impressed  hne  between  the 
bases  of  the  antenna,  the  latter  stout,  con- 
volute ;  the  head  posteriorly  concave,  the 
pronotum  square,  the  anterior  angles  pro- 
minent ;  the  median  segment  bulging,  pro- 
minent, lightly  transversely  striate,  the  apex 
rounded  and  steeply  sloped,  almost  trun- 
cate ;  legs  stout,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  slightly 
spinose;  abdomen  subpetiolate,  long,  as 
long  as  the  thorax,  and  slightly  curved. 
Black,  the  clypeus  and  face  with  dense 
silvery  pile,  the  anterior  margin  of  the 
F.eu^g!:trL,2.  I    ^lypeus  fringed  with  long  black  hairs  ; 

posterior  margins  of  abdominal  segments 
1-4  with  broad  bands  of  silvery  pile,  produced  on  the  2nd  and 
3rd  segments  angularly  forward  in  the  middle  ;  wings  flavo- 


PSEUDAGBNIA. 


121 


hyaline,  the  apical  margins  from  the  middle  of  the  radial  cell  in 
the  fore  wing  lightly  fuscous ;  nervures  and  tegulte  testaceous. 
Hah.  Bangalore,  iS.  India.     $  .  Length  10-12 ;  exp.  18-21  mm. 

*244.  Pseudagenia  nana. 

Agenia  nana,  Sauss.  Nouara  lieise,  Hym.  p.  55,  $ . 

Pseudagenia  nana, C«m.  Mei)i.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)iv,189],p.  438. 

$  .  Small  and  slender ;  the  head  a  little  wider  than  the  thorax, 
the  eyes  convergent  above  ;  pronotum  posteriorly  angular  ; 
scutellum  subconvex  ;  median  segment  posteriorly  rounded,  the 
apex  vertically  truncate,  with  an  obscure  furrow;  legs  slightly 
spinose,  the  anterior  tarsi  pectinate.  Black  with  greyish-white 
pile,  the  head  in  front,  thorax  beneath  and  on  the  sides  with  silvery 
pile;  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  a  spot  at  the  base  of 
the  posterior  tibise  above,  and  the  tibial  calcaria  white ;  the  apex 
of  the  abdomen  fuscescent ;  wings  hyaline,  the  apex  lightly  fuscous, 
the  nervures  subfuscous. 

Hab.  Ceylon.     5  .  Length  8;  exp.  15  mm. 

This  species  is  unknown  to  me,  but,  fi'om  the  fact  that  the 
antei'ior  tarsi  are  said  to  be  pectinated,  I  should  say  it  is  more 
likely  to  be  a  Fompilus  than  a  Pseudagenia. 

245.  Pseudagenia  juno. 

Saliusjuno,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  pp.451, 
456. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  opaque ;  clypeus  slightly 
convex,  much  broader  than  high,  anteriorly  rounded  and  produced 
into  a  tooth  in  the  middle ;  head  broader  than  the  thorax,  eyes 
converging  above:  pronotum  rather  long,  square  anteriorly,  with 
the  anterior  lateral  angles  a  little  produced,  posterior  margin 
angular;  median  segment  long,  with  a  rather  steep  slope  to  the 
apex,  posteriorly  rounded  and  lightly  transversely  striate  :  legs 
long,  the  tibias  smooth,  slightly  pruinose,  the  tarsi  with  minute 
spines  ;  abdomen  petiolate,  suddenly  widened  beyond  the  petiole, 
subglobular.  Black,  the  clypeus,  front,  and  coxae  of  the  legs 
anteriorly  with  silvery  pile  ;  the  abdomen  red,  the  base  of  the 
petiole  black  :  wings  hyaline,  apex  of  the  fore  wing  broadly  fuscous ; 
Ihe  nervures,  tegula,  the  knees,  and  front  tarsi  testaceous. 

Bab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.     5  .  Length  8 ;  exp.  15  mm. 

Eesembles  P.  pedimculata,  Smith,  but  that  has  the  pronotum 
anteriorly  narrowed,  not  square,  and  posteriorly  arched,  not 
angular. 

246.  Pseudagenia  cserulea. 

Pompilus  cseruleus,  ISinith,  Cat.  iii,  p,  147,  $ . 
Agenia  coerulea,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1867,  p.  355. 
Pseudagenia  cserulea,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891 
pp.  436,  438.  ' 

2 .  Head,  mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  sides  of  the  thorax 
finely  punctured,  the  pronotum  anteriorly  with  scattered  distant 


122 


POMPILIDjB. 


punctures  ;  median  segment  rounded  posteriorly  with  a  steep  slope 
to  its  apex,  and  transversely  striate  and  rugose,  a  shallow  sulcation 
down  tbe  middle,  with  a  longitudinally  impressed  line  on  each 
side  close  to  the  stigmata ;  legs  long,  armed  with  only  very  minute 
spines  ;  abdomen  subpetiolate,  smooth  and  shining.  Deep  shining 
metallic  blue  with  shades  o£  green  in  certain  lights ;  antennaj  and 
tarsi  opaque  black :  wings  hyaline,  some  fuscous  shading  along  the 
basal  nervure  of  fore  wing  and  in  the  2nd  cubital  and  discoidal 
cells  ;  nervures  and  tegula9  testaceous  brown. 

Hub.  India  (Bengal) ;  Sumatra.  $.  Length  11-15;  exp.  27- 
31  mm.     6  unknowu. 

Genus  SALIUS. 
Salius,  pt.,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  124  (1804). 

Priocnemis,  pt.,  Schiodte,  Mon.  Pomp.,  Kr dyer's  Tidsskr.  1837,  p.  321. 
Hemipepsis,  pt. ;  Priocnemis,  pt. ;  Cyphononyx,  pt. ;  Homonotus,  pt. ; 

at  Entypus,  pt.,  Dahlb.  Hym.  Eur.  i,  p.  440  et  seq.  (1845). 
PaUosoma,  pt.,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii  (1845)  p.  492. 
Mygnimia,  pt.,  Stnith,  Cat.  iii  (1855)  p.  181. 
Salius,  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  1884,  p.  43. 

Type,  S.  bicolor,  Fabr. 

Range.  Over  both  hemispheres. 


Fig.  29. — Salius  nicevillii,  5  • 


Form  of  the  clypeus,  pronotum,  and  median  segment  very 
variable :  wings  long  and  ample,  fore  wing  with  3  cubital  cells,  tbe 
3rd  cubital  cell  measured  on  the  cubital  nervure  as  long  as  or 
longer  than  the  2nd  cubital  cell,  the  latter  receives  the  Isfc 
recurrent  nervure  after  the  middle  of  the  cell,  and  in  one  group 
(Muqnimia,  Smith)  at  the  extreme  apex,  interstitial  with  the  2nd 
transverse  cubital  nervure  ;  the  3rd  cubital  cell  receives  the  2nd 


SA.LIUS. 


128 


recurrent  nervure  before  the  middle  ;  the  basal  or  transverse 
medial  nervure  takes  its  rise  before  the  ape.x  ot  the  1st  submedial 
cell,  the  cubital  nervure  stops  short  of  the  margin  of  the  wing,  and 
the  discoidal  nervure  reaches,  ordinarily,  up  to  it;  in  many  species 
a  hyaline  discoidal  spot  is  present,  conspicuous  when  the  w  ing  is 
of  a  dark  shade ;  in  the  hind  wing  the  cubital  nervure  originates, 
as  a  rule,  just  before  the  apex  of  the  anal  cell.  Legs  very  long,  the 
apex  of  the  posterior  tibia,  when  the  legs  are  stretched,  reaching 
well  beyond  the  apex  of  the  abdomen  (  ?  ) ;  the  armature  of  the 
legs  varies,  but  generally  is  well  developed ;  the  anterior  tarsi  are 
ciliated  on  the  outside,  the  posterior  tibite  are  angular  or  sub- 
angular,  never  quite  cylindrical,  in  most  of  the  species  grooved, 
spined,  and  serrated,  very  often  strongly  so  ;  claws  with  one  or 
more  erect  teeth  on  their  under  margins,  or  bifid.  Abdomen  pseudo- 
sessile,  the  2nd  ventral  segment  with  a  transverse  impressed  line 
or  groove,  as  a  rule  well-marked  in  the  female,  nearly  obsolete 
and  difficult  of  detection  in  the  male. 

Very  little  is  known  of  the  habits  of  the  species  belonging  to  this 
genus,  which  contains  some  of  the  largest  forms  of  Hymenoptera 
in  the  World.  Some,  like  Pompilus,  make  their  nests  in  the  ground, 
digging  these  themselves,  and  providing  spiders  as  food  for  their 
broods  ;  others  make  use  of  holes  in  trees,  and  provision  their 
nests  with  cockroaches,  or,  like  the  Larridce,  with  crickets. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Tarsal  claws  bidentate. 

a.  Wings  some  shade  of  fulvous  yellow. 
a' .  Head  and  thorax  black. 

d-.  Wings  a  peculiar  oily  fuscous 

yellow   S.  anthracinus,  p.  126. 

6^.  Wings  broadly  infuscate  at  base 
and  apical  margin, 
a'.  Fore    wing    with    the  apical 
margin  int'uscate  up  to  the  base 

of  the  2nd  cubital  cell   S,  satelles,  p.  127. 

Ifl.  Fore    wing    with    the  apical 
margin  infuscate  only  up  to 

apex  of  the  3rd  cubital  cell    .  .    S.  hellicosus,  p.  127. 
V .  Head  and  thorax  ferruginous,  with 
ferruginous  pile,  or  fidvoua  red. 
a  .  Abdomen  black. 

a?.  Median  segment  ferruginous  .  .    S.  aureosericeus,  p.  127. 
b^.  Median  segment  black. 

a*.  Apical  margins  of  the  wings 

pale    S,  ceylonicus,  p.  128. 

h*.  Apical  margin  of  fore  wing 
fuscous. 

a'.  Median  segment  posteriorly 
rounded,  with  a  gentle 

slope  to  the  apex   S.  fuloipenms,  p.  129. 

Median  segment  posteriorly 
with  a  steep  slope,  almost 
truncate    S.  perplexut,  p.  130. 


124 


POMPILIDjE. 


h^.  Abdomen  fulvous  red. 

The  abdominal  segments  above 

with  broad  transverse  black  [p.  132. 

bands   S.  fenestratus  (var.j 

4".  The  abdominal  segments  entirely 

fulvous  red    S.  ruKdm,  p.  130. 

c'.  Abdomen  dull  ferruginous  yellow.    /S.  ichneumoneus,  p.  130. 
v'.  Head  and  thorax  obscure  blacldsh 
castaneous ;  clypeus,  antennae,  and 
legs  below    femora  with  golden 

ferruginous  pile     S.  sycophanta,  p.  131. 

h.  Wings  fuscous  or  fuscous  black,  with  a 
purple  effulgence. 
a! .  Fore  wing  with  a  large  subovate  spot 

of  silvery  pile  on  the  disc    S.  ducalis,  p.  131. 

b' .  "Wings  immaculate. 

a-.  Abdomen  black   S.  caruleopennis,  p.  132. 

b".  Abdomen  red,  or  fulvous  or  fer- 
ruginous red. 
a^.  The  abdominal  segments  above 
marked  with  broad  transverse 

black  bands   S.  fenestratus,  p.  132. 

b^.  The  abdominal  segments  without 
transverse  bands. 
Basal  two  segments  of  ab- 
domen black   S.  veda,  p.  133. 

i".  Only  basal  segment  of  abdo- 
men black. 
a^  Head  and  antennas  fulvous 
or  ferruginous,  with  ferru- 
ginous or  golden  pile    S.  sinensis,  p.  133. 

v.  Head  black;  antenna  only 

ferruginous  or  yellow  ....    S.  indicus,  p.  134. 
c"*.  The  entire   abdomen  ferru- 
ginous red,  only  the  extreme 
base  narrowly  black   S.  smithii,  p.  134. 

B.  Tai-sal  claws  unidentate  or  bifid. 

a.  Wings  fuscous,  fuscous  brown  or  black, 
with  generally  a  brilliant  purple-blue 
or  green  effulgence. 

a'.  Head  beneath  bituberculate   S.  tuberculatus,  p.  1-35. 

b'.  Head  normal,  not  tuberculate  be- 
neath. 

Fore  wing  variegated  with  yellow 

hyaline  spots    ^lotypis,  p.  135. 

Fore  wing  with  an  irregular  yellow 
hyaline  patch  or  bar  on  the  disc.  .    S.  venatorius,  p.  Irfb. 
c^.  Fore  ^ving  with  a  portion  of  the 
1st  discoidal  and  2nd  submedial 

cells  clear  hyaline    5.  ^Zacirfjw,  p.  13b. 

d^.  Both  wings  entirely  fuscous  or 
fuscous  brown. 
a^.  Head,   thorax,   and  abdomen 
fulvous  red,  the  last  with  trans- 

parent  black  bars    <S.  nicemlln  (var.),  p.  141 


SALIUS. 


125 


b\  Head  and  fore  part  of  the  thorax 
with  ferruginous  golden  pub- 
escence. 
a*.  Abdomen  entirely  black. 
a\  Median  segm en t  tran 3 vers ely 

striate.    L.  16-18  mm.  . .    S.  prcestabilis,  p.  130. 
6'.  Median  segment  not  trans- 
versely striate.   L.  12  mm.    S.  acer,  p.  137. 
b^'.  Abdomen  with  one  or  more 
of    the    apical  segments 
studded  with  golden  ferru- 
ginous hairs, 
rt^  Apical  segment  only  with 
I'erruginous    hairs  ;  claws 

bifid    S.  bipartitus,  p.  137. 

b\  Apical  two  or  three  segments 
with  ferruginous  or  golden 
pubescence  ;  claws  with 
an  erect  tooth    at  base 

below,  not  bifid    S.  consaiiguineus,  p.  138. 

(?.  Head  and  fore  part  of  the  thorax 
with  black  pubescence. 
a*.  Wings  with  magnificent  pur- 
ple, coppery,  and  roseate  tints. 

AntenniB  (  S )  not  ciliated  .  .    S.  fulgidipennis,  p.  138. 
b*.  Wings  with  brilliant  green 

tints.  Antennae  (  J )  ciliated.    S.  iridipennis,  p.  139. 
c*.  Wings  with    dark  purplish 
tints,    not    very  effulgent. 
Antennre  ( c?  )  not  ciliated. 
a^.  Fore  tibiae  and  tarsi  and 

the  antennse  black    S.  madraspatanus,  p.  139, 

b^.  Fore  tibise  and  tarsi  and  the 
antennae  beneath  fulvous 

brown    S.  mirandm,  p.  139, 

<i'.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  with 
cinerous  silvery  pile  ;  wings 
(especially  the  hind  wing)  light 

fusco-hyaline    S.  proper  us, 

Wings  yellow,  or  brownish  or  reddish 
yellow. 

a'.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  covered 
more  or  less  with  longish  golden 
pubescence, 
a".  Wings  light  flavo-hyaline,  without 

a  discoidal  spot    S.  crinitus,  p.  140. 

6^.  Wings  light  brownish,  with  a  dis- 
tinct discoidal  spot    S.  exilipes,^.\'^\. 

v.  Head  and  thorax  covered  with  short 
velvety  pile ;  abdomen  smooth  and 
shining  or  opaquely  pilose,  never 
pubescent. 
d'.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  red 
or  brownish  red,  the  last  with 
black  transverse  bars, 
o'.  Of  comparatively    large  size 


126 


POMriLID^. 


($.  L.  24-30  mm.).  Wings 
deep  fulvous  red,  apical  raargm 

lightly  fuscescent   S.  mcevillii,  p.  141. 

i'.  Smaller  (  $  .  L.  20  mm.).  Wings 
pnle  oily  bro-wTi;  fore  wing  with 
a  faint  fuscous  subapical  cloud.    S.  terrenus,  p.  141. 
P.  Head  and  fore  part   of  thorax 
fulvous  or  ferruginous  yellow, 
with  golden  pile. 
Of  robust  build ;  median  segment 
coarsely  transversely  striate  .  .    S.flavus,  p.  142. 
6\  Of  slighter  build;  median  seg- 
ment finely  reticulate   S.  gransator,  p.  143. 

c\  Head  and  the  whole  of  the  thorax 
fulvous  or  ferruginous  yellow, 
covered,  as  is  the  abdomen  also, 

with  a  thin  silky  golden  pile   -S.  sericosoma,  p.  143. 

cF.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  black, 
the  head  and  thorax  variegated 

with  yellow  markings    5.  vertieahs,  p.  144. 

c.  Wings  clear  hyaline. 

a'.  Abdomen  entirely  black,  with  bands 

of  cinereous  silvery  pile  .  .  ■.   S.  momus,  p.  144. 

b'.  Abdomen  entirely  yellowish  red,  the 

extreme  base  only  black   S.  obsonator,  p.  144. 

c'.  Abdomen  with  the  basal  half  red, 
the  apical  half  black. 
«^  Median  segment   above  coarsely 

reticulate.    ?  .  L.  16  mm   S.  valentulus,  p.  145. 

P.  Median  segment  above  finely  trans- 
versely   striate  ;     slighter    and  _ 
smaUer.    ?  .  L.  12  mm   S.  gemmus,  p.  145. 

d.  Wings  hyaline,  fore  wing  with  fuscous 

fascise  or  clouds. 
a'  Abdomen  with  basal  half  red,  apical 

half  black   S.electus,-p.U6. 

v.  Abdomen  entirely  black  ;  front  above 

base  of  antennae  with  two  parallel 

carinse  and  a  shining  fovea  between 

them   ^-  rothneyi,  p.  146. 

c'.  Abdomen  entirely  black ;  front  not 

carinated,  a  shining  fovea  only 

present   cofm,  p.  146. 

247.  Salius  authraciiras.     .  ,  ^    ...  , 

Mygnimia  anthracina.  Smith,  Cat.  m,  p. 

Saliiis  anthracina,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 
pp.  442,  447. 

o  Clvpeus  smooth,  the  rest  of  the  head,  the  thorax,  aud 
abdomen  pruinose;  the  median  segment  at  base  depressed  sud- 
denT  and  markedly  below  the  postscutellum  and  roughly  trans- 
ve^sJlv  striate-  the  legs  long  and  slender;  the  intermediate  and 
To  terlor^^^^r^^^^  and  tfrsi  s?inose,  the  posterior  tibi^  serrated ; 
Abdomen  subpetiolate,  somewhat  fusiform.  Deep  velvety  bla^k 
the  clypeus  aliitaceous ;  the  apical  three  joints  of  the  tarsi 


SALIUS. 


127 


testaceous  brown  ;  wings  fusco-hyaline,  with  an  oily  yellow  tinge, 
the  base  and  the  apex  broadly  dark  fuscous. 

S  similar,  but  with  the  disc  ol:  the  wings  covered  with  a  fine 
short  silvery-white  sericeous  pile. 

Hal.  Syihet ;  Sikhim  ;  Borneo  ;  Java  ;  Sumatra.  ?  .  Lemjih 
29  ;  exp.  62  mm.     d  .  Length  26  ;  exj}.  60  mm. 

248.  Salius  satelles,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  433. 

.  Pruinose ;  the  clypeus  small,  convex,  its  anterior  margin 
almost  transverse  in  the  middle  and  slightly  incurved  ;  the  meso- 
uotum  broad,  subconvex,  slightly  aciculate  ;  scutellum  and  post- 
scutellum  raised  in  the  middle,  very  prominent,  the  latter  forming 
a  tubercle;  median  segment  long,  somewhat  truncate  at  apex, 
transversely  striated,  longitudinally  sulcate  on  each  side  of  a 
median  line,  the  sides  slightly  raised,  and  ending  at  the  apex  in 
well-marked  but  blunt  projections ;  legs  long  and  slender,  the 
tibiaj  and  tarsi  feebly  spinose;  abdomen  short,  vertically  com- 
pressed, the  ventral  furrow  on  the  2nd  segment  feebly  indicated. 
Intensely  black,  the  clypeus  alutaceous,  the  underside  of  the 
antennse  slightly  fulvous ;  wings  fuscous,  with  a  broad  hyaline 
yellow  transverse  bar  across  the  disc  in  the  fore  wing,  extencUng 
iFrom  the  apical  half  of  the  basal  cell  to  a  little  beyond  the  base  of 
the  2nd  cubital  and  2nd  discoidal  cells  ;  nervures  fuscous  black, 
yellow  on  the  hyaline  portion  of  the  wing ;  tegulae  black. 
Hab.  Tenasserim.     d  •  Length  22  ;  e.vp.  52  mm. 

249.  Salius  heUicosus.   (PI.  I,  fig.  5.) 

Mvgnimia  helhcosa,  Smith,  A.  M.  N.  B.  (4)  xn,  1873,  p.  256. 

Salius  belicosus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  443. 

Salius  hercules,  Cam.  t.  c.  pp.  444  &  447,  S  ■ 
5  .  Closely  resembles  S.  sycophanta,  Gribodo,  but  is  smaller,  has 
the  pronotum  shorter,  and  the  median  segment  longer  in  pro- 
portion; the  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  and  more  petiolate, 
and  the  wings  dark  fuscous  at  base  up  to  or  a  little  beyond  the 
basal  nervure,  then  deep  flavo-hyaline,  with  the  apex  fuscous. 
The  male  has  the  antennse  fuscous  above  for  half  their  length 
from  base,  and  the  legs  darker  than  in  the  female. 

Var.  5 .  With  the  fuscous  colour  in  the  basal  portion  of  the 
fore  wing  not  quite  reaching  up  to  the  basal  nervure. 

Hah.  Bengal;  Naga  Hills;  Pegu  Hills,  Burma;  Tenasserim. 
5  .  Length  35-42  ;  exp.  64-82  mm.  d  .  Length  26-34 ;  exp. 
56-67  mm.  Mr.  Cameron's  minute  description  of  S.  hercules 
compared  with  the  type  of  S.  hellicosus.  Smith,  in  the  British 
Museum,  leaves  no  doubt  as  to  the  identity  of  the  two. 

250.  Salius  aureosericeus. 

Pompilus  aureosericus,  Guir.  Voy.  Coq.,  Zool.  ii,  pt.  2,  p.  256. 
Mygnimia  aiireosericea,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  182. 
Salius  aiueosericea,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 
p.  443. 


128 


POMPILIDjE. 


Saliua  elizabethEB,  ^m^r/i.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  viii,  1893,  p.  372, 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  pruinose ;  the  clypeus 

broad,  slightly  convex,  its  anterior 
margin  truncate  in  the  middle,  front 
above  the  base  of  the  antennae  with 
a  broad,  shallow  sulcation  and  an 
abbreviated  impressed  perpendicular 
line  down  its  middle ;  median  seg- 
ment depressed,  at  base  below  tiie 
postscutullum  rounded  and  roughly 
transversely  striate,  its  apex  ab- 
ruptly truncate,  the  truncation 
smooth ;  legs  long,  the  tibiae  and 
tarsi  spinose,  the  posterior  tibiae 
serrated  ;  the  abdomen  broadly  fusi- 
form. Head,  thorax,  and  legs  ferru- 
ginous red,  covered  on  the  head, 
pro-  and  mesothorax  with  dense, 
and  on  the  median  segment  and  legs 
with  more  scanty  silky  golden  pile  ; 
abdomen  black,  with  velvety  black 
pile,  the  apical  two  segments  with  reddish  golden  pile;  wings 
ferruginous  yellow,  with  tlie  apex  and  posterior  margin  palely 

fuscescent.  ,  ,    .  ,  , 

cJ  similar,  but  the  median  segment  is  rounded  with  a  regular 
slope  to  the  apex,  the  antennae  are  subfusiform,  and  the  abdomen 
somewhat  vertically  compressed.  A  variety  {elizabethce)  has  the 
abdomen  entirely  black.  ,  no  =o 

Hub.  S.  India  ;   Tenasserim  ;  Java.     ?  .  Length  ;  exy. 

60-84  mm.     6  ■  Length  17-38  ;  exp.  44-80  mm. 

JSfote.—l  suspect  P.  gigas,  Taschenberg  (Zeitsch.  fur  d.  b-es. 
Naturwiss.  1869,  p.  40)  is  only  a  variety  of  this  puzzling  species, 
which  affords  a  good  example  of  the  impossibility  of  separating 
the  genus  Mygnimia,  Shuck.  &  Smith  =Bemijxpsis,  Dahlbom,  from 
Priocnemis,  Schiodte.  Out  of  a  series  of  over  70  specimens  that 
I  have  examined,  40  have  the  Mygnimia  venation,  and  more  than 
BO  that  of  the  genus  Priocnemis;  but  then  all  the  latter  have  the 
bidentate  claws  to  the  tarsic  haracteristic  of  Mygnimia,  and  are 
absolutely  identical  in  sculpture  and  colouring  with  the  former. 


Fig.  .TO. 

Sali'us  aureosericeus,  (J . 


p.  462,  5  var.  (wee 


251.  Salius  ceylonicus. 

?  Plemipepsis  flava,  Bahlb.  Hym.  Eur.  i, 

Priocnemis  flavus,  Dahlb.  t.  c.  p.  457).  ,Tc<c-n\ 
Mvo-nimia  ceylonica,  Sauss.  Nvvara  Reise,  Hym.  p.  64,  ?  (loW). 
Mygnimia  intermedia,  Smith,  A.  M.  N.  H.  (4)  xii,  18/3,  p.  25/ 
Priocnemis  convexus,  Bingh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  B.  Soc.  v,  1890, 

p.  237,  $  var.  ?  ^  ,^  i 

Salius  ceylonicus,  et  intermedins,  et  convexus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch. 

L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  pp.  443,  444,  &  451     ^  „ 
Salius  intermedius  et  convexus,  Binyh.  Jour.  Bomb.  iV.  Ji.  Aoc.  s, 

1896,  p.  215,  nos.  3  &  4,  pi.  ii,  figs.  3  &  4. 


SALIUS.  129 


$  .  Head,  thorax  in  front,  and  abdomen  pruinose  ;  median  seg- 
ment transversely  striate ;  elypeus  broader  than  high,  slightly 
convex,  its  anterior  margin  transverse,  or  widely  but  not  deeply 
emarginate;  pronotuni  square,  almost  transverse  in  front,  with  the 
anterior  lateral  angles  somewhat  produced,  posteriorly  arched ; 
median  segment  with  a  gradual  slope,  the  apex  abruptly  truncate, 
the  face  of  the  truncation  smooth  and  shining ;  legs  robust,  long, 
the  tibi£B  and  tarsi  spinose,  the  posterior  tibia3  grooved  but  not 
serrated;  abdomen  pseudosessile,  robust,  fusiform  and  somewhat 
curved.  Head,  pronotum,  mesonotum,  scutellum,  poslscutellum, 
the  coxEe  in  front,  the  femora,  tibite,  and  tarsi  of  the  anterior  leo-s, 
and  the  femora,  fibias,  and  tarsi  of  the  two  posterior  pair  fulvo^us 
red ;  the  head,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  and  scutellum  clothed  with  a 
dense  golden  pile;  the  median  segment,  the  anterior  coxes  at  the 
back,  the  coxoe  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  legs,  and  the 
abdomen  black,  the  last  with  a  velvety  black  pile  having  gleams 
of  golden  brown  in  certam  lights ;  wings  broad,  from  pale  flavo- 
hyaline  to  deep  fulvo-hyaline,  the  apical  margins  paler,  the  ner- 
vures  and  tegute  fulvous  red. 

c?  similar,  but  slighter  and  smaller,  with  porrect  antenns. 
Hab.  Sikhim;  Burma;  Tenasserim ;  and  Ceylon.     5.  Length 
20-35  ;  exp.  38-64  mm.     d .  Length  18-28 ;  exp.  39-53  mm. 
A  very  variable  insect  as  to  size. 

252.   Salius  fulvipennis. 

Sphex  fulvipennis,  Fahr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  218. 
Pompilus  fulvipennis,  Fahr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  198 ;  Smith,  Cat.  iii 
p.  144 ;  Sauss.  Nnvara  Reise,  Hym.  p.  58,  5  J.  ' 
Hemipepsis  fulvipennis,  Dahlb.  Hym.  Eur.  i,  p.  462. 
Salius  fulvipennis,  Cam.  Mem.  Marich.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  444. 

2  ■  Hea,d  and  thorax  in  front  pruinose,  median  segment  trans- 
versely striate,  abdomen  smooth  and  shining ;  elypeus  convex  its 
anterior  margin  transverse  in  the  middle,  oblique  at  the  sides- 
front  with  a  short  obsolete  vertically  impressed  line,  eyes  slightly 
convergent  above ;  pronotum  short,  somewhat  square  anteriorlv 
its  posterior  margin  widely  arched ;  median  segment  rather  lono-' 
posteriorly  rounded,  with  a  gentle  slope  to  the  apex  ;  legs  long 
the  tibia)  and  tarsi  spinose,  the  posterior  tibise  slightly  serrate- 
abdomen  pseudosessile,  fusiform,  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax 
together,  apical  segment  studded  with  stiff  hairs.    Head  pro- 
and  mesonotum,  scutellum,  postscutellum,  apical  half   of  the 
femora,  the  tibias  and  tarsi,  and  the  apex  of  the  abdomen  reddish 
ye  low,  the  head,  pro-  and  mesonotum  covered  with  a  dense  short 
golden  pile;  the  thorax  beneath,  the  median,  segment,  the  coxa, 
trochanters,  and  basal  half  of  the  femora,  and  the  abdomen  except 
at  apex,  black,  with  iridescent  tints  on  the  abdomen  in  certain 
lights ;  wings  flavo-ferruginous,  the  apex  of  the  fore  win"-  and 
apex  and  narrow  posterior  margin  of  the  bind  wing  fuscescent 
_    d  similar,  but  slighter,  and  with  the  antenna  porrect  Varies 
in  having  the  sides  of  the  pro-  and  mesonotum  blackish,  and  in  a 


130 


rOMPlLlBjE. 


specimen  from  the  Andamans  the  apical  three  segments  are 

reddish  yellow.  ,        ,     .  , 

Hah.  Throughout  India  ;  Burma;  Ceylon;  the  Andamans. 
Length2Q-24 ;  exp.  39-43 mm.    6  .  Length  20-21 ;  exp.  37-40  mm. 

253.  Salius  perplexus. 

Mygnimia  perplexa,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  185,  2  • 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  in  front  pruinose,  median  segment  rugose, 
abdomen  smooth  and  shining;  clypeus  convex,  wedge-shaped, 
slightly  emarginate  anteriorly  in  the  middle,  the  sides  rounded; 
thorax  compact,  stout ;  median  segment  transversely  striate,  short, 
with  an  abrupt  slope  at  the  apex,  almost  truncate ;  legs  stout,  the 
tibiffi  and  tarsi  spinose,  the  posterior  tibisB  strongly  serrate; 
abdomen  sessile,  thick  at  base  and  sharply  tapering  to  the  apex, 
the  apical  segment  studded  with  stiff  hairs.    Head,  pro-  and 
inesonotum,  scutellum,  postscutellum,  apical  two-thirds  of  the 
femora,  the  tibiffi  and  tarsi  ferruginous  ;  the  head,  pro-  and 
mesonotum  with  a  thiclr  ferruginous  pile ;  the  sides  of  the  thorax, 
the  pectus,  median  segment,  coxa?,  and  base  of  the  temora,  and  the 
abdomen  black,  the  last  with  a  little  ferruginous  pile  on  the  apical 
segment;  wings  ferruginous,  the  apical  margin  of  fore  wing 
broadly  and  darkly,  and  of  the  hind  wing  narrowly  and  hghtly 

fuscous.  .  „      T-        T  cn  m 

Hah.  Sikhim  ;  S.  India  ;  Tenasserim.     2  •  ■Z^««S'''*  26-31 ;  exp- 
48-52  mm.     6  somewhat  slighter  and  smaller. 

254.  Salius  rubidus.  „  c       lonn  o^a 

Mygnimia  rubida,  Bingh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Sac.  r,  1890,  p. 

Sail?  rubida,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (i)  iv  1891,  p.  445. 

Salius  vuhidus,  Binffh.  P.  Z.  S.  1896,  p.  435,  pi.  xv,  fag.  2. 
9    Head  and  thorax  densely  pruinose,  abdomen  smooth  and 
shining;  head  about  as  wide  as  the  thorax ;  clypeus  convex 
anteriorly  widely  emarginate,  and  studded  with  long  hairs  ;  front 
s^bconcave,  eyes  convergent  above  ;  pronotum  short  transverse  m 
front  broadlv  arched  posteriorly;  median  segment  long,  vMth  a 
rather  steep  slope,  and  abruptly  truncate  at  apex  transversely  and 
coarsely  striate  •,  legs  long,  strongly  spinose,  the  posterior  tibia, 
ser  ate^  abdomen  subfusiform,  petiolate,  about  as    ong  as  the 
thorax     Fulvous  golden  red  all  over,  the  scattered  pubescence  and 
Ihkk  nile  with  bright  golden  tints,  the  apical  margins  of  segments 
1  5  Ob   ure  y  dusky  red,  the  apex  studded  with  stiff  golden  hairs ; 
lings  rich  fulvous^red,  the  apical  margins  narrowly  fuscescent, 
nervures  and  tegulse  fulvous  red. 

cJ  similar  but  smaller,  and  the  antenna  porrect  and  thick 
Hah!  Ceylon.     2  •  Length  21-35  ;  exp.  48-66  mm.    d  •  Length 
14 ;  exp.  27  mm. 

255.  Salius  ichneumoneus.    ^  ,   „    ^  x^t  2  t>  okr  9 

Pompilus  ichneumoneus,  Guer.  Voy  Cog,,  Zool^i.  2,  p.  -5a,  ¥, 
Atlas,  Ins.  no.  8.  fig.  13  ;  Smith,  Cat.  ni,  p.  151. 


SAL1U8. 


131 


?  Myf^nimia  ichneumoniformi.=,  Smith,  Jotir.  Linn.  Soc.  vi  (1802), 
p.  56;  idem,  xi  (1867),  p.  358. 

J .  Head  and  thorax  pruinose,  abdomen  finely  longitudinally 
acicnlate  ;  clypeus  transversely  convex,  its  anterior  margin  slightly 
arched ;  front  concave,  with  a  medial  vertically  impressed  line ; 
pronotum  rounded  in  front,  arched  posteriorly;  scntellum  and 
postscutellum  laterally  compressed  ;  median  segment  rounded  above 
and  coarsely  transversely  striate,  posteriorly  truncate,  face  of 
truncation  smooth ;  abdomen  vertically  flattened,  longer  than  the 
head  and  thorax  together.    A  rich  ferruginous  brown,  with  two 
parallel  longitudinal  black  stripes  on  the  mesonotum,  and  some 
indistinct  black  marks  on  the  basal  two  segments  of  the  abdomen 
above;  the  clypeus,  the  coxas  and  femora  of  the  legs,  and  the 
apical  three  segments  of  the  abdomen  with  dense  ferruginous 
pile  ;  wings  ferruginous  brown,  nervures  and  tegulse  ferruginous. 

Hah.  New  Guinea ;  Ceram ;  Amboyna ;  and,  within  om-  limits,, 
Sikhim  ;  Sylhet.  In  Smith's  Catalogue,  Bi'azil  is  given  as  a  locality, 
but  there  is  no  doubt  this  is  a  mistake.  cJ .  Length  20-24;  exp.  42- 
46  mm.  Gruerin's  description  of  the  5  ,  of  which  I  have  not  seen 
a  specimen,  corresponds  well  with  the  above  ;  he  gives  the  length 
as  22  mm. 

256.   Salius  sycophanta. 

Hemipepsis  sycophanta,  Gribodo,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2*)  i,  1884, 
p.  359,  2 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  480: 

Salius  severus,  Binffh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  IT.  Soc.  viii,  1893,  p.  371 ; 
id.  X,  1896,  p.  215,  pi.  ii,  fig.  2,  $  (nec  Sphex  severus,  Drurii, 
El.  Exot.  Ins.  iii,  t.  42,  fig.  4). 

2 .  Head  and  thorax  densely  pruinose ;  abdomen  smooth  and 
shining,  in  certain  lights  with  a  slight  pruinose  bloom,  having  the 
appearance  of  fine  longitudinal  aciculate  strisB;  clypeus  shghtly 
convex,  broader  than  high,  posteriorly  triemarginate,  anterior  margin 
transverse,  oblique  at  the  sides ;  median  segment  subcylindrical, 
somewhat  truncate  posteriorly,  the  truncation  with  a  projecting 
margin  which  is  lightly  waved;  above,  the  median  segment  is 
irregularly  and  deeply  striate,  the  pleurae  smooth ;  abdomen 
pseudosessile.  Black  with  a  castaneous  hue  ;  the  clypeus,  antennaj, 
apex  of  the  femora,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  the  legs  with  dense 
golden  ferruginous  pile ;  wings  deep  reddish  yellow,  infuscate  at 
base  and  more  narrowly  at  apex. 

Fftr.?  "With  the  head,  the  prothorax,  the  tegula,  and  scn- 
tellum fusco-fulvous  ;  antennae  yellow.  2  •  Length  28  millim." 
{Gribodo.) 

Hah.  Southern  India  ;  Ceylon?  ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim.  2  •  Length 
42-52 ;  exp.  80-96  mm.     s  unknown. 

Note.— Salius  {Sphex)  severus,  Drury,  must  be  removed  from  the 
Indian  list;  it  is  an  African  species. 

257.  Salius  ducaUs. 

Mygnimla  ducalis.  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  98,  2  • 

Salius  ducalis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  443. 

K  2    '  " 


132 


POMPILIDiE. 


$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pruinose ;  clypcus  broad,  convex, 
wedge-shaped,  the  anterior  margin  slightly  eniarginate,  the  sides 
oblique,  the  forehead  below  the  ocelli  markedly  sulcate;  median 
segment  long,  coarsely  transversely  striate,  the  apex  abruptly 
truncate,  the  face  of  the  truncation  smooth  and  shining;  legs  long, 
robust,  the  tibiaj  and  tarsi  stoutly  spined  ;  abdomen  pseudosessile, 
broad  and  stout,  about  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax  together. 
Intensely  black,  the  abdomen  with  a  violet  and  purple  gloss; 
wings  dark  fuscous  with  a  purple  effulgence,  and  a  large  subovate 
patch  of  glittering  minute  silvery  scales  on  the  disc  of  the  fore 
wing. 

similar,  smaller,  more  slender,  the  abdomen  vertically  com- 
pressed; the  front  of  the  head,  the  scutellum,  and  postscutellum 
alutaceous,  the  last  tuberculate. 

Eah.  India;  Siam ;  Borneo.     $.  Length  42;  exp.  82  mm. 
(5 .  Length  26  ;  exp.  60  mm. 

*258.  Salius  caBruleopennis. 

Mygnimia  ceeruleopennis,  Sauss.  Mitth.  Schweiz.  ent.  Oes.  viii,  1893, 
p?269,  ?. 

2  .  "  Black,  of  slender  form ;  the  antennas,  head,  pronotum, 
scutellum,  legs,  and  apical  two  segments  of  the  abdomen  golden 
yellow,  or  fulvous  red  with  golden  pile ;  the  anterior  margin  of  the 
clypeus  transverse  and  somewhat  reflexed ;  metathorax  truncate 
and  markedly  transversely  striate;  the  posterior  tibiaj  carinated, 
the  carina  along  their  whole  length  studded  with  two  rows  of 
serrate  spines ;  wings  black  with  a  blue  effulgence." 

Bah.  India.  $  .  Le7igth  22  mm.  Unknown  to  me,  but  from 
the  description  I  should  say  closely  allied  to  S.  consanguineus, 
Sauss.,  which,  however,  belongs  to  the  group  with  unidentate 
claws  (Priocnemis). 

259.  Salius  fenestratus. 

Mygnimia  audax,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  182,  ?  (nec  Pompdus  audax, 
Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  136). 

M-vgnimia  fenestrata,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  184,  cJ. 

Salius  audax,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  442. 

Salius  funestus,  Cam.  t.  c.  p.  444. 
5  .  Head  and  thorax  pruinose,  abdomen  smooth  and  shining ; 
clypeus  transverse,  convex,  its  anterior  margin  truncate  or  sub- 
emareinate  in  the  middle,  the  front  of  the  face  concave,  bearmg  a 
deeply  impressed  line  from  the  anterior  ocellus  to  between  the 
base  of  the  antennae,  and  a  shallow  broad  sulcation  on  each  side 
of  it;  median  segment  long,  posteriorly  with  a  gradual  slope  to 
the  apex,  which  is  abruptly  truncate,  the  sides  and  above  with 
coarse  transverse  striations,  the  truncation  smooth  without  strise ; 
lees  long,  robust,  spinose,  the  posterior  tibias  serrate ;  abdomen 
as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax  together,  massive  somewhat 
curved  Deep  ferruginous  red,  the  pile  on  the  head  and  thorax 
dense  and  velvety  with  a  glistening  golden  sheen;  the  extreme 


SALitrs. 


133 


base  of 


the  abdomen  and  the  apical  margins  of  segments  1-4 

above  and  below  broadly  black, 
these  bauds  on  the  upperside 
produced  angularly  forward  in 
the  middle;  wings  deep  ferru- 
ginous red,  fuscescent  towards 
the  apex  and  narrowly  along  the 
posterior  margin.  In  certain 
lights  there  is  a  purple  irides- 
cence at  the  base  of  the  wing 
in  fresh  specimens. 

The  cJ  is  similar  but  of 
slighter  build,  with  the  wings 
lighter  in  colour.  There  are 
two  varieties  of  this  insect — 
the  typical  one  (audax  of  Sroith), 
with  the  wings  coloured  as 
above  ;  and  another  (fenestrata. 
Smith,  funestus,  Cameron),  with 
the  wings  of  a  deep  brown, 
having  a  rich  purple  efful- 
gence. 

Hab.  Sylhet ;  Sikhim  at  low 
elevations  ;  Dawnat  Range,  Te- 
nasserim.     §  .  Length  .32-41 ; 
Lencfth  27-31 ;  exp.  60-70  mm. 


. — Salius fenestratus,  J. 


-84  mm 


260.  Salius  veda,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  pp.  445  & 

449. 

Head  and  thorax  bearing  a  thick  whitish  pile,  the  median 
segment  with  a  few  fuscous  hairs;  abdomen  shining,  slightly 
pruinose ;  clypeus  broadly  convex,  its  apex  rounded,  the  labrum 
projecting  beyond  it,  a  deepish  depression  on  the  sides  of  the 
clypeus  at  the  base ;  occiput  transverse  in  the  middle,  the  sides 
rounded  ;  pronotum  a  little  narrowed  anteriorly ;  median  segment 
with  a  slight  slope  to  the  apex,  when  it  becomes  oblique,  apex 
bluntly  rounded.  Black,  the  abdomen  and  legs  rufous,  the  scape 
beneath  and  orbits  and  the  face  obscure  yellowdsh,  the  flagellum 
brownish  beneath  ;  the  coxae  and  trochanters  of  the  legs  and  basal 
two  segments  of  the  abdomen  black ;  wings  dark  smoky-fuscous. 

Bab.  Poona,  Bombay.  Length  a  little  over  9  mm.  Type  in 
Mr.  Wroughton's  collection. 

261.  Salius  sinensis. 

Porapilus  sinensis,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  148. 

Salius  liEta,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  444. 

$  .  Head,  pro-  and  mesontum,  and  scutellum  pruinose  :  median 
segment  coarsely  transversely  striate ;  abdomen  sessile  or  pseudo- 
sessile,  very  slightly  pruiuose,  the  apical  segment  with  stiff  bristly 
hairs  ;  clypeus  transversely  oval,  its  anterior  margin  widely  emar- 


134 


POMPILLDjE. 


ginate  in  the  middle;  median  segment  rounded  posteriori)-,  the 
sides  compressed  and  a  little  raised.  Head,  pro-  and  mesonotiuu, 
the  scutellum,  the  legs,  and  the  abdomen,  except  the  basal  segment, 
testaceous  red ;  the  face  in  front,  the  pro-  and  mesonotum,  and 
scutellum  with  glistening  golden  pile  ;  the  thorax  on  the  sides  and 
beneath,  the  postscutellum,  median  segment,  coxae  of  all  the  legs, 
and  the  basal  seginent  of  the  abdomen  black,  the  remaining 
segments  of  the  abdomen  shaded  with  fuscous  black  above ;  wmgs 
dark  fuscous  with  a  purple  effulgence. 

d  similar,  but  the  median  segment  is  longer  and  less  markedly 
striate,  and  the  testaceous  red  of  the  head  and  thorax  is  more  or 
less  shaded  with  fuscous.  Var.  Iceta  has  the  abdomen,  except  the 
basal  segment,  pure  testaceous  red  without  any  fuscous  shading. 

I{ab.  Burma;  Tenasserim ;  China.  ?.  Length  16-24;  exp. 
30-46  mm.  d  •  Length  14-21 ;  exp.  28-40  mm.  I  have  care- 
fully examined  Smith's  types  and  compared  them  with  a  long 
series  in  my  own  collection;  the  two,  Pompilus  sinensis  and 
Salius  IcBta,  are  varieties  of  one  insect. 

262.  Salius  indicus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  pp.  444 

&  448  ;  Bingh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  viii,  1893,  p.  374,  pi.  i, 
fig.  10,  ?. 

2  c?  •  y^rj  closely  allied  to  S.  smithii,  Bingh.,  but  larger  and 
more  stoutly  built ;  the  pronotum  anteriorly  transverse,  but  the 
anterior  lateral  angles  not  produced;  the  apex  of  the  median 
segment  more  vertically  truncate,  and  the  transverse  striations 
coarser.  In  a  very  large  series  of  specimens  in  my  collection  the 
whole  of  the  1st  "segment  of  the  abdomen  is  black,  and  m  this 
point  differs  from  Mr.  Cameron's  description. 

Hab.  Sikhim ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim.  §  .  Length  17-25  ;  exj). 
36-40  mm.     6  ■  Length  15-18 ;  exp.  30-38  mm. 

263.  Salius  smithii.  ^  o  ^  , 

Myanimia  fervida,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  18bl,  p.  82,  $  d  (nec 
Priocnemis  fervidus,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  m  (1859),  p.  15b). 
9  Head  and  thorax  in  front  shining  and  with  very  fine  acicu- 
late  striae  ;  median  segment  transversely  striate ;  abdomen  smooth 
and  shining ;  clypeus  transverse,  subporrect,  its  anterior  margin 
with  the  sides  oblique  and  the  middle  widely  emargmate ;  front  tlat, 
with  a  vertical  faintly  impressed  line  from  the  anterior  oceUus 
to  between  the  base  of  the  antennaj ;  pronotum  transverse  in  front, 
mth  the  anterior  lateral  angles  prominent,  subangularly  arched 
posterioriy;  median  segment  short,  roundly  truncate  posteriorly  ; 
less  stout,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  spinose,  the  posterior  tibiffi  shghtly 
serrate  :  abdomen  stout,  pseudosessile,  about  as  long  as  the  thorax. 
Head  and  thorax,  the  coxae  and  trochanters  of  the  legs,  and  the 
base  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment  jet-black;  the  mandibles, 
labrum,  palpi,  anteunse,  the  femora,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  of  the  legs 
apex  of  the  1st  and  the  whole  of  the  remaimng  segments  of  the 
abdomen  ferruginous,  the  apical  segment  covered  with  thick  term- 


SALIUS. 


135 


ginous  pubescence ;  wings  dark  fuscous  with  a  purple  effulgence, 
a  hyaline  spot  at  the  base  of  the  1st  discoidal  cell. 

d  similar  but  smaller,  the  legs  less  spinose,  the  clypeus  and 
pronotum  slightly  ferruginous  red,  the  wings  of  a  lighter  tint. 

Hob.  Sikhim  ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim  ;  Borneo  ;  Celebes  ;  New 
Guinea.  $  .  Length  17-19  ;  e.vp.  39  mm.  S  •  Length  12-15  ; 
33-36  mm. 

*264.  Salius  tuberculatus. 

Cypbononyx  tuberculatus,  Radoszkowsky,  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc. 
'1888,  p.  470. 

"  Deep  blue-black,  the  head  beneath  bituberculate ;  wings  black 
with  a  violet  effulgence. 

"Female.  Colour  deep  blue-black,  studded  with  blackish  hairs. 
Clypeus  large,  convex,  the  margin  (anterior  ?)  transverse  ;  mandibles 
and  antennae  black,  the  basal  joint  of  the  latter  very  short,  the  2nd 
very  long.  The  head  beneath  in  the  middle  with  two  tubercles  in 
the  form  of  blunt  teeth.  Thorax  opaque,  metathorax  transversely 
striate.  Abdomen  opaque,  its  apical  segment  studded  with  black 
hairs.  Legs  black,  the  coxm  bluish.  Wings  deep  violet  wdth  a 
brilliant  effulgence  passing  into  greenish.    Length  I7g  mm. 

"Male.  Similar,  but  the  clypeus  black.    Length  18^  mm." 

Bab.  Nepal. 

Unknown  to  me,  but  apparently  closely  resembling  S.  iridipennis, 
which,  however,  in  all  the  examples  of  a  series  of  fifty  or  more  in 
my  collection,  is  destitute  of  the  two  tubercles  beneath  the  head. 

265.  Salius  zelotypus,  Bingh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  x,  1896,  p.  201, 

cJ .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pruinose ;  clypeus  large,  convex, 
its  anterior  margin  sharply  truncate,  the  face  above  the  antennje 
with  an  impressed  medial  vertical  line  and  a  short  shallow  sulcation 
on  each  side  of  it ;  pro-  and  mesonotum  also  with  an  impressed 
medial  longitudinal  line;  median  segment  transversely  striate, 
somewhat  compressed  at  the  sides,  and  with  a  rounded  slope  to 
Its  apex;  legs  long,  spinose,  the  posterior  tibiffi  serrate;  abdomen 
subpetiolate,  smooth.  Deep  ferruginous  red,  variegated  with  fus- 
cous black ;  the  vertex,  the  flagellum  of  the  antennas  above,  the 
mesonotum,  the  median  segment,  except  a  large  round  macula  on 
each  side  close  to  the  apex,  some  irregular  marks  on  the  sides  of 
the  thorax,  and  the  posterior  margins  of  all  the  segments  of  the 
abdomen,  fuscous  black  :  wings  dark  brown  with  a  purple  efful- 
gence, an  irregular  hyahne  yellow  spot  (sometimes  divided  into 
two  or  even  three  spots)  occupies  part  of  the  1st  and  2nd  dis- 
coidal, the  1st  cubital,  and  the  2nd  submedial  cells  in  the  fore 
wing,  and  extends  in  some  specimens  on  to  the  costal  margin  of 
the  hind  wing  ;  nervures  and  tegulae  dark  brown. 

Hub.  Tenasserim.  In  the  British  Museum  there  is  one  specimen 
from  the  Tibet  frontier,  d.  Length  20-24;  exp.  48-51  mm. 
2  unknown. 


136 


POMPILIJ)^. 


266.  Salius  venatorius,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  487,  pi.  xix, 
fig.  9. 

cJ  .  Head,  thorax  in  front,  and  abdomen  smooth,  opaque ;  median 
segment  smooth  at  base,  coarsely  transversely  striate  towards  the 
apex  ;  clypeus  slightly  convex,  its  anterior  margin  arched  obliquely 
at  the  sides  ;  antennas  thick  and  slightly  fusiform  ;  eyes  parallel ; 
the  front  slightly  concave,  with  an  impressed  vertical  line  down 
the  middle;  pronotum  short,  rounded  anteriorly,  its  posterior 
margin  boldly  arched ;  median  segment  long,  not  i-aised,  rounded 
posteriorly,  with  a  very  gradual  slope  to  its  apex ;  legs  stout  and 
long,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  slightly  spinose  ;  abdomen  about  as  long 
as  the  thorax,  petiolate  and  subcompressed  vertically.  Black, 
alutaceous ;  the  head,  pronotum,  and  the  femora,  tibiaj,  and  tarsi 
of  the  legs  ferruginous,  the  apex  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae 
and  the  base  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  femora  fuscous ; 
the  abdomen  with  obscure  purplish  and  reddish  tints  in  certain 
lights  :  wings  fuscous  brown,  a  broad,  irregular,  hyaline  yellow 
patch  oti  the  disc  of  the  fore  wing  from  beyond  the  apex  of  the 
2nd  submedial  cell  to  the  apex  of  the  3rd  cubital  cell ;  the  nervures 
and  tegulse  fuscous  brown,  the  former  testaceous  over  the  hyaline 


portion. 

Bab.  Pegu  Toma,  Burma,     d  .  Length  17  ;  exp.  30  mm. 

267.  Salius  placidus,  Bingh.  Jonr.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  437. 

cJ  .  Head  and  thorax  densely  pruinose ;  abdomen  smooth,  opaque ; 
clypeus  slightly  convex,  much  broader  than  high,  its  anterior 
margin  sharply  transverse  ;  the  front  above  the  base  of  the  antennae 
tuberculate,  becoming  slightly  concave  above  towards  the  vertex, 
and  with  a  ^^•ell-marked  and  deeply  impressed  vertical  line  ;  antennae 
long,  the  flagellum  rather  thick  ;  the  pronotum  short,  nearly  trans- 
verse anteriorly,  posteriorlv  arched  ;  scutellum  and  postscutellum 
large  and  prominent;  median  segment  long,  gently  rounded  and 
lightly  transversely  striate  posteriorly,  its  anterior  lobe  broad, 
smooth,  without  striae,  but  with  a  deep  medial  longitudinally 
impressed  line;  legs  long,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  only  shghtly 
spinose,  the  posterior  tibiae  grooved  but  not  serrate;  abdomen 
as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax,  petiolate,  and  vertically  flattened. 
Black  the  head  and  thorax  with  a  dense  silvery -grey  pHe ;  the 
labrum,  palpi,  mandibles,  clypeus,  and  the  inner  and  outer  orbits 
of  the  eyes,  interrupted  broadly  on  the  vertex,  yellow ;  the  scape 
and  flagellum  of  the  antennae  below,  the  femora,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  oi. 
all  the  legs,  and  the  2nd  and  following  segments  of  the  abdomen, 
pale  orange-red;  wings  fusco-hyaline,  the  base  of  the  1st  dis- 
coidal  and  upper  portion  of  the  2nd  submedial  cell  clear  hyalme  ; 
nervures  black  ;  tegulas  orange-red. 

Hab.  Tenasserim.     6  ■  Length  16 ;  exp.  31  mm. 

268.  Salius  prsestahilis,  n.  sp. 

cJ   Closely  resembles  S.  venatoHus,  Bingh. :  differs  in  being  much 
more  stoutly  built;  the  median  segment  is  raised  longitudinally 


SALIUS. 


137 


in  the  middle  and  along  the  sides,  witli  a  wide  sulcation  on  each 
side  of  the  middle  ridge,  it  is  more  coarsely  transversely  striate, 
and  the  apex  is  not  rounded  but  Iruncate;  abdom'^  not  vertically 
compressed  and  shorter  in  proportion.  In  colour  the  present 
species  has  the  head,  pronotum,  mesonotum,  scutellum,  post- 
scutellum,  the  anterior  legs,  and  the  apex  of  the  femora,  the  tibia), 
and  tarsi  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  legs  bright  ferruginous; 
the  median  segment,  the  coxse,  trochanters,  and  base  of  the  inter- 
mediate and  posterior  legs,  and  the  abdomen  black,  with  a  silky 
golden  lustre  in  certain  lights  ;  wings  dull  fuscous  throughout, 
with  no  hyaline  patch,  and  very  slightly  effulgent. 

Varieties  have  the  wing  much  lighter  in  colour,  nearly  hyaline. 

Hah.  Pegu  Toma,  Burma  ;  Tenasserim.  S  .  Length  15-18  ; 
exp.  28-30  ram. 

269.  Salius  acer,  n.  sp. 

cJ.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  opaque;  clypeus  cir- 
cular, boldly  convex,  its  anterior  margin  truncate  ;  front  concave 
above  the  base  of  the  antennae,  with  an  impressed  vertical  line 
from  the  anterior  ocellus ;  ocelli  very  prominent,  the  anterior 
ocellus  much  larger  than  the  posterior  two;  pronotum  short, 
somewhat  truncate  anteriorly  ;  median  segment  long,  with  a  steep 
slope,  posteriorly  almost  truncate;  legs  long,  feebly  armed; 
■  abdomen  vertically  flattened,  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax 
united.  Black ;  head,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum,  post- 
scutellum  in  the  middle,  the  anterior  legs  entirely,  and  the  femora, 
tibiae,  and  tarsi  of  the  two  posterior  pair  reddish  yellow;  the 
flagellum  of  the  antennas  at  apex  and  the  apical  joint  of  the  tarsi 
fuscous;  wings  light  fusco-hyaline,  nervures  brown,  tegulae reddish 
yellow. 

Hob.  Ahmedabad.   S.  Length  12;  exp.  22  mm.     $  unknown. 

270.  Salins  bipartitus,  PL  11,  fig.  1. 

Cahcurgus  bipartitus,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  406,  $ . 
Priocnemis  peregrinus,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  37. 
Salius  peregrinus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 
pp.  452  &  455 ;  Bingh  A.  M.  N.  H.  (6)  xvi,  1895,  p.  442. 

6  $ .  Pruinose ;  the  clyijeus  suhconvex,  its  anterior  margin 
rounded,  posterior  bisinuate ;  mesonotum  and  scutellum  boldly 
convex  ;  median  segment  depressed  beneath  their  level,  rounded, 
transversely  striated,  and  somewhat  compressed  at  the  sides; 
legs  long,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  thickly  spinose,  the  posterior  tibiffi 
serrate ;  abdomen  somewhat  fusiform  and  petiolate.  Black  ;  the 
head,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  and  scutellum  covered  with  a  dense, 
short,  silky  pile,  and,  together  with  the  apical  half  of  the  femora, 
the  tibiae,  and  tarsi  of  the  legs,  of  a  i-ich  golden  yellow ;  median 
segment  with  short  black  velvety  pubescence  ;  abdomen  black,  the 
apical  segment  studded  with  stiff  ferruginous  hairs  :  wings  dark 
brown  with  a  rich  purple  effulgence  ;  nervures  dark  brown ;  tegulse 
yellow.    A  variable  species  in  colour  and  very  variable  in  size; 


138 


POMPILIDjE. 


the  head,  mesonotum,  and  legs  have  often  a  considerable  admix- 
ture of  fuscous  black  with  the  goldeft  yellow. 

Hah.  India,  Burma,  and  Tenasserim,  extending  to  Malacca  and 
the  Malay  islands  as  far  as  the  Philippines.  $  .  Length  14-30  ; 
exp.  27-56  mm.     S  ■  Length  12-20    exj>.  26-43  mm. 

271.  Salins  consanguineus. 

Priocnemis  consanguineus,  Sauss.  Novara  Reiae,  Hym.  p.  62,  J, 

pi.  iii,  fig.  40,  2  (1867). 
Mygnimia  sasvissima,  Smith,  A.  M.  N.  H.  (4)  xii,  1873,  p.  256. 
Salius  siBvis.sima  et  consanguineus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Fh.  Soc. 
(4)  iv,  1891,  pp.  445  &  451. 
$  .  Head  and  thorax  in  front  pruinose ;  median  segment  lightly 
transversely  striate,  abdomen  smooth,  slightly  shining;  clypeus 
transverse,  its  anterior  margin  arched,  narrowly  smooth  along  the 
edge  ;  a  vertically  impressed  line  on  the  front  below  the  anterior 
ocellus,  which  is  large  and  prominent;  median  segment  short, 
with  a  rounded,  rather  steep  slope  to  its  apex  ;  legs  long,  the  tibias 
and  tarsi  with  short  stout  spines ;  abdomen  long,  pseudosessile, 
as  long  as  the  head   and  thorax  united.     Black,  the  head, 
pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum,  postscutellum,  the  legs  below  the 
C0X3B,  the  apex  of  the  2nd,  3rd,  and  4th,  and  the  whole  of  the  5th 
and  apical  segments  reddish  yellow  ;  the  head  and  thorax  covered 
with  golden  pile ;  the  sides  and  front  of  the  pronotum,  the  sides 
of  the  mesonotum,  the  auterior  coxae  behind,  and  the  base  of  the 
posterior  and  intermediate  coxae  more  or  less  black;  wings 
brownish  fuscous  with  a  slight  purple  effulgence. 

Hub.  Bombay ;  Bangalore ;  Ceylon  ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim. 
$  .  Length  19  ;  exp.  40  mm.  _ 

This  species  may  be  the  Pg^sis  lusca  of  Fabricius,  the  habitat 
of  which  is  given  as  Tranquebar.  It  agrees  both  with  his  and 
Dahlbom's  description  so  far  as  these  go,  but  both  descriptions 
are  too  brief  for  certain  identification ;  I  have  therefore  ignored 
them  altogether. 

272.  Salius  fulgidipennis.  ^  .    „        «i  o  ^ 

Priocnemis  fulgidipennis,  Sauss.  Novara  -Reisc,  Uym.  p.  01,^  0  . 
Mygnimia  vitripennis,  Smith,  A.  M.  N.  ^.  (4)  xu,  1873,  p.  2o7 
Salius  fulgidipennis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Fh.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 
p.  451. 

Salius  vitripennis.  Cam.  t.  c.  p.  44b. 
9  Head  and  thorax  pruinose  anteriorly,  median  segment 
rugose  and  covered  with  long  scattered  pubescence,  abdomen 
smooth  and  shining;  clypeus  convex,  its  anterior  margm  deeply 
emarginate  in  the  middle,  the  front  of  the  face  concave ;  the 
median  segment  transversely  striate  and  with  a  rounded  steep 
slope  to  its  apex,  at  base  divided  from  the  postscute Hum  by  a 
deep  transverse  furrow;  legs  long,  tibiae  and  tarsi  densely  spinose 
the  posterior  tibiae  strongly  serrated;  abdomen  smooth  and 
shining,  but  minutely  aciculate.  Black,  the  lace  in  front  and  the 
antenni  beneath  alutaceous ;  the  anterior  and  posterior  tibiae 


SALIUS. 


139 


obscurely  ferruginous  on  the  inside;  wings  dark  brown  with  a 
magnificent  purple,  coppery,  and  in  some  lights  rose-coloured 
effulgence. 

d  similar,  but  the  wings  more  of  a  green  metallic  effulgence. 

Hab.  Malabar;  Sikhim;  Ceylon;  Burma;  Tenasserim, extending 
to  the  Malay  Peninsula  and  Sumatra.  $  .  Length  28-34 ;  exp. 
50-62  mm.    tS  .  Length  26  ;  exp.  54  mm. 

273.  Salius  iridipennis. 

Mygnimia  iridipennis,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  98,  $  . 
Salius  ii-idipeniii8,C'am.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  44* 

$  .  Closely  resembles  S.  madmspatanus.  Smith ;  differs  in  having 
the  clypeus  transverse  anteriorly,  not  emarginate;  the  median 
segment  longer  and  truncate  obliquely  at  the  apex,  the  transverse 
striations  on  it  being  less  coarse,  and  there  being  no  medial  longi- 
tudinally impressed  line;  the  abdomen  has  in  some  lights  a  dark 
purple  iridescent  pile,  and  the  wings  a  more  brilliant  purple  and 
green  effulgence,  with  metallic  coppery  tints  along  their  apical  and 
posterior  margins. 

c?  •  The  flagelium  of  the  antennae  from  the  5th  to  the  apical 
joints  ciliated  with  fine  hairs. 

Hab.  Sikhim;  S.  India;  Burma;  Tenasserim  to  the  Malay 
Peninsula  and  Borneo.  ?.  Length  25-30;  exp.  51-57  mm. 
c?  .  Length  21-24 ;  exp.  50-54  mm. 

274.  Salius  madraspatanus. 

Pompilus  n\adraspatanus,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  144,  5 . 
Salius  madraspatanus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv  1891 
p.  451.  '  ' 

5 .  Head  and  thorax  densely  pruinose,  abdomen  sparsely 
so  and  somewhat  shining ;  clypeus  broad,  its  anterior  margin  bent 
down,  narrowly  suiooth,  and  widely  emarginate  in  the  middle; 
front  subconcaye ;  scutellum  raised  in  the  middle,  compressed  at 
the  sides  ;  median  segment  with  a  rounded  steep  slope  to  the  apex, 
a  medial  longitudinally  impressed  line  and  coarse  transverse  stria- 
tions ;  legs  long,  tibiae  and  tarsi  spinose,  the  posterior  tibia?  serrate  ; 
abdomen  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax  united.  Black,  the  head 
and  thorax  covered  with  a  dense  velvety  pile ;  the  abdomen  with 
a  thin  pile,  having  dull  shades  of  blue  in  certain  lights ;  wings 
dark  brown  with  a  purple  effulgence. 

d  similar,  but  with  the  median  segment  more  rounded  and  less 
steeply  sloped  posteriorly. 

Hab.  Throughout  India;  Burma;  Tenasserim;  Andamans 
Nicobars,  and  Ceylon.  $.  Length  24-28;  exp.  55-60  mm' 
cJ .  Length  18-23 ;  exp.  50-56  mm. 

275.  SaUus  mirandus. 

Salius  miranda*  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  452. 

*  Mr.  Cameron  {I.  c.)  simply  published  the  name  of  this  species,  no  descr^n 
was  given.  The  type,  however,  is  in  Mr.  Rothney's  collection,  labelled  bv 
Mr.  Oameron.    'Ihe  description  has  been  drawn  up  from  this. 


140 


POMPILID^. 


d  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  pruinose ;  the  head,  pro- 
thorax  in  front,  the  anterior  coxsb  in  front,  and  the  sides  of  the 
median  segment  sparsely  pubescent ;  the  clypeus  somewhat  convex, 
the  sides  rounded,  widely  emarginate  anteriorly;  front  slightly 
convex ;  an  impressed  vertical  line  from  the  anterior  ocellus  to  the 
base  of  the  antennre,  and  a  transverse  furrow  on  each  side  of  the 
posterior  two  ocelli ;  median  segment  short,  truncate  posteriorly, 
with  its  apex  margined,  recurved  and  slightly  produced  at  the 
sides;  abdomen  vertically  compressed.  Black,  with  the  dense 
velvety  pile  giving  it  a  purple  bloom  in  certain  lights ;  the  flagellum 
of  the  antenna  beneath  and  the  anterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  fulvous 
brown;  wings  very  dark  fuscous  brown  with  a  rich  purple  efful- 
gence. 

Hah.  Barrackpore.     d  .  Length  14-16  ;  easp.  32-35  mm. 

276.  Salius  properus,  Binffh.  P.  Z.  S.  1896,  p.  436,  pi.  xv,  fig.  7,  2  . 

$  .  Pruinose ;  head  very  little  broader  than  the  thorax ;  clypeus 
transverse,  markedly  convex,  its  anterior  margin  broadly  emar- 
ginate ;  the  antennas  long,  filiform,  and  slender ;  the  front  and 
vertex  slightly  but  closely  punctured ;  thorax  laterally  compressed ; 
pronotum  short,  square,  almost  transverse  anteriorly;  median 
segment  long,  rounded,  lightly  transversely  striate  posteriorly,  ttie 
apex  with  a  steep  slope;  legs  long,  the  tibise  and  tarsi  spinose, 
the  posterior  tibife  strongly  serrate;  abdomen  long,  as  long  as  the 
head  and  thorax  united,  stout  and  massive,  its  apical  segment 
studded  with  long  hairs.  Black,  the  pronotum  anteriorly,  the 
sides  and  apex  of  the  median  segment,  and  broad  bands  above  at 
the  base  of  abdominal  segments  2-5  with  silvery  pile;  wmgs 
fusco-hyaline,  the  posterior  pair  paler ;  nervures  and  tegulse  darK 
brown. 

Hub.  Ceylon.     $  .  Length  12  ;  exp.  25  mm. 

277.  Salius  crinitus.  ,         tt   c-         i  aan 

Priocnemis  crinitus,  Binffh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  v,  i»9U, 

Saliuf  crinitus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  451  ; 
BinffJi.  P.  Z.  S.  1896,  p.  436. 
9    Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  with  dense  long  pubescence, 
the  head  and  thorax  under  the  pubescence  smooth  but  s^inmg ; 
the  median  segment  finely  transversely  striate ;  the  abdomen 
where  the  pubescence  is  abraded  brilliantly  pohshed  and  shmmg, 
clypeus  boldly  convex,  broader  than  high,  its  ^^^'^"^'f^ 
truncate ;  median  segment  short,  with  a  steep  slope  to  the  apex 
abdomen  pseudosessile,  not  so  long  as  the  head  and  t^or^^  ^^^f 
lees  long,  spinose,  the  posterior  tibiee  serrate.    A  rich  castaneous 
black  the  pubescence  glittering  ferruginous  golden ;  tbe  scape 
and  basal  tJree  joints  of  the  flagellum  of  the  a-tenn^  and  the  leg 
brownish  yellow,  the  apical  portions  of  the  antenna  a^d  ^he  cla^^ 
joints  of  the  tarsi  fuscous  black :  wings  flavo-hyalme,  with  a  golden 


SALITJS. 


141 


lustre  in  certain  lights,  the  apical  margin  narrowly  fuliginous ; 
nervures  and  tegulse  brownish  yellow. 

(}  similar,  but  not  pubescent,  the  head  and  thorax  covered 
with  only  a  thin  short  sericeous  golden  pile;  the  abdomen  black, 
somewhat  alutaceous,  castaneous  at  base  of  basal  segment ;  wings 
darker  and  broadly  shaded  with  light  f  uscescent. 

Hab.  Ceylon.  $.  Length  15-17*;  exp.  33-36  mm.  • 
Length  16;  exp.  35  millim. 

278.  Salius  exilipes,  Binffh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  1896,  p.  20'^,  2 . 

pl.i,fig.9,  ?. 

5  .  Closely  resembles  S.  cHnitus,  Bingh.;  differs  in  having  the 
thorax  longer  and  less  compact,  the  median  segment  especiallv 
having  a  very  gradual  slope  to  its  apex ;  the  abdomen  is  slighter  and 
distinct^ly  petiolate  ;  the  legs  are  longer,  and  the  wings  hght  brown 
with  a  distinct  discoidal  spot;  the  3rd  cubital  cell  is  also  much 
narrower  at  apex  than  in  the  preceding  species.  Like  crinitus  it 
is  covered,  especially  on  the  median  segment  and  the  basal  segments 
of  the  abdomen,  with  long  soft  golden  pubescence. 

Hab.  Sikhim.     $  .  Length  19 ;  exj>.  36  mm.  unknown. 

279.  Salius  nicevillii,  Bingh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  IT.  Soc.  1896,  p.  199. 

pi.  i,  fig.  7,  ?.  ^  ' 

5 .  Closely  resembles  S.  fenestratus.  Smith,  but  is  smaller  and 
structurally  different;  the  anterior  margin  of  the  clypeus  is 
rounded,  not  truncate  or  emarginate ;  the  median  segment  has  a 
steep  rounded  slope  posteriorly,  the  apex  not  truncate ;  the  legs 
are  slender  and  very  long  in  proportion ;  the  abdomen  subpetiolate. 
In  colour  it  is  not  so  rich  a  red  as  S.  fenestratus,  the  black  bands 
on  the  abdomen  are  broader  and  not  produced  forwards  in  the 
middle  above. 

The  c?  has-  the  wings  fuscous  yellow  and  the  body  of  a  lighter 
and  more  testaceous  red.  As  in  S.  fenestratus,  there  is  a  variety 
with  dark  brown  wings. 

Hdb.  Tenasserim ;  Sikhim  ;  Andamans.  $  .  Length  24-30  ; 
exp.  46-52  mm.     d" .  Length  2.3-25 ;  exjp.  40-43  mm. 

280.  Salius  terrenus,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  435,  pi.  xix 

fig.  8.  '  ' 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  pruinose,  median  segment  finely  trans- 
versely striate,  abdomen  finely  aciculate;  clypeus  large,  its 
anterior  margin  boldly  arched  and  fringed  with  long  hairs,  poste- 
rior margin  transverse;  scutellum  and  postscutellum  laterally 
compressed  and  very  prominent,  the  former  longitudinally  and  the 
latter  obliquely  striate  on  the  sides ;  median  segment  with  a  verv 
steep  slope  to  its  apex,  very  little  rounded  above,  the  sides  com"- 
pressed ;  legs  long,  the  tibiai  and  tarsi  thicldy  spinose,  the  posterior 
tibiae  serrate ;  abdomen  long,  petiolate,  somewhat  curved.  Dull 
brownish  red;  the  clypeus,  the  face  in  front,  and  the  pro-  and 


142 


POMPILID^E. 


itiesonokim  covered  with  dense  golden  pile,  very  brilliant  and 
glittering  in  certain  lights  ;  median  segment  more  or  less  fuscous  ; 
abdomen  with  the  extreme  base  and  posterior  margins  of  the  basal 
three  segments  broadly  black,  the  bands  not  continued  on  the 
underside;  wings  pale  oily  brown,  hyaline,  and  in  certain  light:8 
iridescent,  a  faint  fuscous  cloud  occupies  the  2nd  and  3rd  cubital, 
and  upper  part  of  the  2nd  discoidal  cell  in  the  fore  wing. 

J   similar,  but  the  wings  have  a  large  faint  fuscous  cloud 
beyond  the  2nd  cubital  cell. 

'Hah.  Sikhim  ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim.    $  .  Lencjih  23 ;  exp.  44  mm. 
S .  Length  18 ;  exp.  40  mm. 

281.  Salius  flavus. 

Sphex  flava,  Fahr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  217. 

Pompilus  flavus,  Fabr.  &/st.  Piez.  p.  197;  ?  Lepel.  Eym.  in, 
p.  430. 

Priocnemis  flavus,  Dahlb.  Hym.  Eur.  \,  p.  457. 

My^nimia  flava,  pt.,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  182.  _ 

Pnocnemis  humhertianus,  Sauss.  Novara  Rem,  Hym.  p.  bci, 

SaHus'flavus,  Cam.  Mem.  Mannh.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,_1891,  p  443  ; 

Bivffh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  x,  1896,  p.  214,  pi.  u,  fig.  1  (var.). 
Salius  humbertianus,  Cam.  t.  c.  p.  451. 
5  S .  Pruinose ;  clypeus  transverse,  subemarginate  anteriorly, 
slightly"  porrect;  pronotiim  very  short,  the  anterior  lateral  angles  a 
little  produced ;  median  segment  transversely  striate,  sometimes 
coarsely  reticulate,  the  apex  truncate,  the  base  with  an  obscure 
medial;  shallow,  longitudinal  furrow ;   legs  long,  the  tibiaa  and 
tarsi  thickly  spinose,  the  posterior  tibiae  serrate  ;  abdomen  pseudo- 
sessUe,  stout,  about  as  long  as  the  thorax.    Head,  pro-  and  meso- 
notum, the  apical  portion  of  the  femora,  the  tibise  and  basal  pints 
of  the'  tarsi  ferruginous  or  fulvous  yellow ;  the  postscutellum, 
median  segment,  head  and  thorax  beneath,  coxa;,  trochanters, 
base  oE  the  femora,  the  apical  joints  of  the  tarsi  and  abdomen 
black  fuscous  black  on  the  tarsi,  and  with  more  or  less  of  a  purple 
effulgence  in  certain  lights  on  the  abdomen,  which  again  is  variaWe, 
having  sometimes  the  apical  4,  or  3,  or  2  segments  or  apex  only 
ferruginous,  thickly  clad  with  ferruginous  hairs  ;  the  pile  on  the 
head  pro- and  mesonotum  is  dense  and  of  a  go  den  colour,  that 
on  the  median  segment  and  abdomen  purplish  black  :  wings  rich 
fulvo-ferruginous,  the  apex  of  the  fore  wing  beyond  the  radial  ceU 
and  of  the  hind  wing  narrowly  fuscous  with  a  pm-ple  effulgence; 
nervures  and  tegulae  ferruginous.  ,  ^    ,         ^     ,.      •  . 

Hah  Throucrhout  India,  Burma,  and  Ceylon,  extending  into 
the  Malay  Peninsula.  $  .  Length  19-22;  exp.  38-46  mm.  6- 
Length  13-16  ;  exp.  28-35  mm.  TSTo+nml 
li  the  Banksiln  collection,  now  in  the  Museum  of  Natural 
History  at  South  Kensington,  there  is  a  specimen  f  \ 
labelled  "/^rwws."  This,  it  is  probable,  was  so  labelled  by 
Eab  cius  himself.  So  far  as  structure  and  the  sculpturing  of  the 
head  and  thorax  go,  Salms  (Priocnemis)  humberttanv,  of  Saussure 


SALIUS. 


143 


is  identical  with  this.  The  species  I  took  to  be  the  SpTiex  jlava  of 
Fabricius  {vide  Jour.  Bomb.  IN".  H.  Soc.  1896,  p.  214,  pi.  ii,  fig.  1), 
I  still  think  is  only  an  extreme  variety  of  that  species. 

282.  Salius  grassator,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  436. 

d .  Head,  thorax  in  front,  and  abdomen  pruinose,  median 
segment  finely  reticulate  ;  clypeus  broadly  convex,  its  anterior 
margin  straight,  truncate ;  the  front  flat,  with  a  verfically  impressed 
line  from  the  antei-ior  ocellus  to  between  the  base  of  the  antenna ; 
ocelli  large,  very  prominent  and  close  together;  pronotum  short, 
rounded  in  front,  its  posterior  margin  boldly  arched  ;  scutellum 
and  postscutelium  prominent,  large,  and  somewhat  laterally 
compressed  in  the  middle ;  median  segment  rounded  post-eriorly, 
with  a  steep  slope  to  its  apex,  and  bearing  a  medial  longitudinally 
impressed  line;  legs  long  and  fairly  stout,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi 
spinose,  the  posterior  tibiae  grooved  but  not  serrate;  abdomen 
petiolate,  short,  about  the  length  of  the  thorax,  and  slightly 
vertically  compressed.  Head,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum, 
postscutelium,  and  legs  fulvous,  covered  with  a  rich  golden  pile  ;' 
median  segment  and  abdomen  black,  the  latter  with  velvety  pile 
having  a  golden  lustre  in  certain  lights,  the  basal  and  apical  three 
segments  slightly  reddish  in  the  middle  ;  wings  light  flavo-hyaline, 
the  apex  of  the  fore  wing  beyond  the  1st  cubital  cell  fuscescent. 
Hub.  Sikhim.    d .  Length  17;  e.vp.  36  mm. 

283.  Salius  sericosoma. 

Pompilua  sericosoma,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  146,  5  . 
Priocnemis  sericosoma.  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1867,  p.  354 
Salius  sericosoma,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv  1891 
p.  452.  \  I     )  ) 

$  d-  Head,  thorax  in  front,  and  abdomen  smooth,  pruinose; 

clypeus  transversely  oval,  its  anterior  margin 
slightly  rounded,  somewhat  porrect,  the 
thorax  compressed,  the  median  segment 
with  a  rounded  slope  to  its  apex,  furrowed 
down  the  middle  and  regularly  transversely 
striate  ;  legs  with  the  tibiaj  and  tarsi  thickly 
spinose,  the  posterior  tibiae  serrate ;  abdomen 
subpetiolate.  Head,  thorax,  legs,  and  the 
apical  two  segments  of  the  abdomen  ferru- 
ginous, the  rest  of  the  abdomen  black  ;  the 
whole  insect  covered  with  a  thin  golden  pile, 
which  is  very  dense  on  the  head  and  fore 
part  of  the  thorax;  wings  golden  yellow, 
nervures  and  tegulae  ferruginous.  The' 
Fiff  3"  golden  pile  is  often  much  abraded  on  the 

8aliusserkosoma,2-  4.    ^^^^^ ,P'^  fio^x    and  the  abdomen, 

TT  J.  1  A-  w,  ''^"'etimes  completely  absent  on  the  latter, 
.nf  Vv,;  M  T'  ^°T?  ^"'■'^^        Tenasserim  to  Sumatra 


144 


POMPILIDjE. 


284.  Salius  verticalis.  . 

rriocnemis  verticalis,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  94;  tde7n, 
1807,  p.  354. 

Salius  verticalis.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  452 ; 
Biuffh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  viii,  1893,  p.  376,  pi.  i,  iip;.  5,  $ , 

$.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining;  clypeus 
convex,  its  anterior  margin  emarginate  in  the  middle ;  median 
segment  short,  somewhat  compressed  at  the  sides,  roundly  trun- 
cate posteriorly,  the  sides  of  the  postscutellum  and  the  whole  of 
the  median  segment  transversely  striate ;  legs  with  the  tibiiB  and 
tarsi  strougly  spinose,  the  tibiae  of  the  posterior  legs  serrate; 
abdomen  subsessile,  all  the  segments  above  sparsely  punctured  at 
base.  Black,  the  face  above  the  antennae  as  bigh  as  the  vertex, 
the  scape  and  basal  two  joints  of  the  antennaj,'  a  broad  line  on  the 
posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  a  square  mark  on  the  meso- 
notum,  the  middle  portion  of  the  scutellum  and  postscutellum,  the 
apical  half  of  the  femora,  the  tibiiE,  and  the  tarsi  of  the  legs 
yellow,  the  apical  joint  of  the  last  fuscous  ;  the  fore  part  of  the 
mesonotum  in  fresh  specimens  with  a  fine  yellow  pile;  the 
wings  hyaUne  ochraceous  yellow,  nervures  and  tegulae  brownish 

^^^d^  Differs  in  having  the  clvpeus  and  sides  of  the  face  broadly 
yellow  the  .vertex  and  the  forehead  to  the  base  of  the  antenna, 
and  the  whole  of  the  latter  except  the  scape  in  front  black ;  the 
win"s  are  of  a  paler  yellow  and  slightly  fuscous  at  their  apex. 

Bab    Southern   India;    Tenasterim ;    Malacca,   and  Borneo. 
5  .  Length  23^28 ;  exp.  52-58  mm.     d  .  Length  15 ;  exp.  42  mm. 

285.  Salius  momus,  Bingh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  K.  Soc.  x,  1896,  p.  203,  ?  ■ 
0  Pruinose  ;  bead  wider  than  the  thorax,  convex  in  front,  the 
occiput  emarginate;  clypeus  convex,  transverse  anteriorly,  emargi- 
nate pronotnm  in  front  transverse,  the  anterior  lateral  angles 
rounded,  its  posterior  margin  arched;  median  segment  short, 
rounded  posteriorly,  lightly  transversely  rugose  the  apex  steep, 
3  a  .  short  broad  shiuow  sulcation  on  each  side  of  the  median 
Le-  legs  stout,  the  tibia  and  tarsi  spinose,  the  posterior  tihi^ 
sSongly  serrate;  abdomen  massive,  petiolate,  as  long  as  the  head 
and  thorax  united.  Black,  with  a  hoary  grey  pile,  dense  and  silvery 
in  certain  lights,  especially  on  the  clypeus,  sides  of  the  face,  and 
apex  of  the  median  segment,  and  forming  bands  at  he  bases  o 
the  abdommal  segments;  the  apical  segment  with  a  thick  tuft  ot 
redtoh-brvn  hfirs ;  wings  hyLune,  the  apex  of  he  fore  wing, 
and  a  faint  subapical  cloud  below  the  radial  cell,  hghtly  fuscous, 
the  tegulsB  and  nervures  black. 

Eab.  Tenasserim.     ?  •  Length  13-15  ;  exp.  20-24  mm. 

286.  Salius  obsonator,  n.  sp. 

d    Head  and  thorax  pruinose,  abdomen  smooth ;  head  rather 
smflf,  narrower  than  the'  thorax;  clypeus  remarkably  convex,  its 


8ALIUS. 


145 


anterior  margin  deeply  but  widely  emargiuate ;  prouotum  very 
short,  rounded  anteriorly,  with  a  very  steep  slope,  not  narrowed 
towards  the  head ;  metlian  segment  long,  raised  down  the  middle, 
slightly  hollowed  out  at  the  sides  above  ;  legs  long,  the  tibiae  and 
tarsi  spinose,  with  indications  of  serrations  on  the  posterior  tibial; 
abdomen  not  so  long  as  the  thorax,  and  flattened  vertically. 
Black,  with  thin  greyish-white  pile  on  the  head  and  thorax,  which 
gets  somewhat  more  dense  on  the  median  segment  above ;  the 
mandibles  except  at  apex,  the  clypeus,  scape  and  flagellum  of  the 
antennse  beneath,  the  pronotum  in  front,  the  femora,  tibife,  and 
tarsi  of  the  legs,  and  the  abdomen  except  at  the  extreme  base, 
yellowish  red ;  wings  very  broad,  hyaline,  with  a  very  slight 
brownish  tinge ;  nervures  dark  brown,  tegulae  yellowish  red. 

Bab.  JSTorth-West  Provinces,  India,    c? .  LengtJi  13 ;  exp.  27  mm. 
5  luaknown. 

287.  Salius  valentulus,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  434. 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  in  front  slightly  pruinose,  median  segment 
coarsely  reticulate,  abdomen  smooth ;  clypeus  subconvex,  broader 
than  high,  its  anterior  margin  widely  emarginate,  and  fringed  with 
stiE  hairs  ;  front  subtuberculate  above  the  base  of  the  antennae,  and 
with  a  short,  vertical,  deeply  impressed  line  running  up  to  the 
anterior  ocellus ;  pronotum  short,  arched  in  front,  the  anterior 
lower  angles  produced ;  median  segment  rounded  posterioi-ly,  with 
a  very  steep  slope  at  apex,  where  it  is  slightly  concave  ;  legs  stout, 
the  tibias  and  tarsi  spinose,  the  postex-ior  tibije  strongly  serrate; 
abdomen  petiolate,  broadly  fusiform.      Head,  thorax,  legs,  the 
apical  half  of  the  3rd  and  the  whole  of  the  following  three  seg- 
ments of  the  abdomen  black,  the  basal  two  segments  and  basal 
half  of  the  3rd  light  red  :  wings  hyaline,  the  apex  broadly  light 
fuscous,  nervures  and  tegulae  testaceous  brown, 
ffah.  India.     $  .  Length  16;  exjo.  30  mm. 

288.  Salius  geminus,  Sinffh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  436. 

2  .  Head,  thorax  in  front,  and  abdomen  smooth,  median  segment 
finely  transversely  striate ;   clypeus  transverse,  subporrect,  its 
anterior  margin  fringed  with  long  hairs  and  broadly  but  slightly 
emarginate  ;  the  face  in  front  very  finely  punctured  ;  the  anteunee 
long  and  filiform  ;  the  front  above  the  base  of  the  latter  with  au 
abbreviated  deep  vertical  furrow  not  reaching  the  anterior  ocellus ; 
pronotum  rounded  in  front,  its  posterior  margin  arched ;  median 
segment  rounded  posteriorly  with  a  steep  slope,  the  apex  some- 
what truncate  ;  legs  long,  the  tibiaj  and  tarsi  thickly  spinose,  the 
posterior  tibiae  serrate  ;  abdomen  as  long  as  the  head  aud  thorax 
united,  petiolate.    Head,  thorax,  and  legs  black ;  abdomen  blood- 
red,  a  subapical  band  on  the  3rd  segment  above,  the  4th  and 
following  segments  black,  the  posterior  margins  of  the  3rd,  4th, 
and  5th  segments  very  narrowly  testaceous  red,  the  apical  segment 
densely  pubescent,  studded  with  long  coarse  black  hairs ;  wings 

VOL.  I.  T. 


146  P0MPILIDJ3, 

hyaline,  the  apex  of  the  fore  wing  beyond  the  radial  cell  and  the 
anterior  margin  of  the  hind  wing  at  apex  lightly  fuscesceut. 
Hah.  Mussooree,  N.W.  India.     ?  .  Length  12  ;  exp.  21  mm. 

289.  Salius  electus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 
pp.  468  &  470. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  the  clypeus, 
and   face  in  front  pruinose,  the  latter  slightly  convex ;  the 
pronotum  short,  somewhat  square  in  front ;  scatellum  large  and 
prominent ;  median  segment  short,  well  below  the  level  of  the 
scutellum  and  postscutellum,  and  with  a  slightly  rounded  steep 
slope  to  the  apex;  legs  long,  the  tibiss  and  tarsi  spinose,  the 
posterior  tibiae  strongly  serrate;    abdomen  petiolate,  the  apex 
densely  villose.    Black',  the  anterior  and  intermediate  tibiae  and 
tarsi,  and  the  posterior  tibire  at  base,  with  the  basal  three  segments 
of  the  abdomen,  ferruginous  red;  the  clypeus,  sides  of  the  face, 
median  segment,  and  coxm  on  the  outside  margined  with  a  thin 
silvery  pile  visible  only  in  certain  hghts  ;  wings  hyaUne,  the  basal 
nervure,  on  the  outside  narrowly,  the  basal  two-thirds  of  the  radial,  . 
the  2nd  and  3rd  cubital,  and  apex  of  the  2nd  discoidal  cell  fuscous. 

Eab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.     $  .  Length  8  ;  exp.  18  mm. 

290.  Salius  rothneyi,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 
pp.  452  &  463. 

9   Head  and  thorax  in  front  very  closely  and  finely  punctured, 
somewhat  shining,  the  median  segment  very  finely  transversely 
striate  •  abdomen  smooth,  polished  and  shining  ;  clypeus  large, 
rounded  anteriorly  ;  two  short,  well-raised  parallel  carmse  above 
the  base  of  the  antenna,  with  a  deep  shining  fovea  between  them ; 
pronotum  short,  steep,  considerably  narrowed  towards  the  head, 
subangular  posteriorly ;  median  segment  rounded  posteriorly  and 
•divided  down  the  middle  by  a  well-marked  furrow,  not  reaching 
the  apex  •  legs  long,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  spinose,  the  posterior 
tibiffi  serrLte;  abdomen  petiolate,  broadly  fusiform,  as  long  as  the 
head  and  thorax  united.    Jet-black,  the  clypeus  and  front  with 
silvery  pile,  seen  only  in  certain  hghts,  the  apical  segment  ot 
the  abdomen  studded  with  short,  not  very  close  fulvous  pubes- 
cence •  wings  hyahne,  iufuscated  along  the  basal  nervure  of  the 
fore  wing  with  a  broad  fuscous  cloud  from  the  radial  descending 
into  the  2nd  discoidal  cell,  and  the  apex  of  the  fore  wmg  f uscescent ; 
nervures  and  tegulse  black.  ,  „  ,  „         t  o  oa 

Hab.  Darjeeling;  Barrackpore.  ?  .  Length  9-10 ;  exp.  18-20  mm. 

*291.  SaUus  COtesi,  Cam.  Mem.  Munich.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 
pp.  461  &  454. 

"Similar  in  coloration  of  the  body  to  S  roj/«ieyi,  as  also  in 
having  in  the  N^dngs  three  clouds,  but  abundantly  distinct  m 
structure  The  clypeus  at  apex  is  shining  and  transverse  in  the 
middle    the  elongated  ridges  above  the  anteun^B  so  prominent 


S.VLIUS. — POMPir,US. 


147 


in  rothneiji  are  absent,  as  is  also  the  shining  fovea,  but  there  is 
a  small  carina  there  ;  the  eyes  distinctly  diverge  beneath ;  the 
ocelli   are  in  a  triangle  and  closer  to  each  other ;    ...  the 
median  segment  at  the  apex  is  more  abrupt;  the  abdomen  is 
longer,  being  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax  united,  and  its 
apical  segments  are  not  so  thickly  haired ;  the  form  of  the  2nd 
cubital  cellule  is  very  different ;  the  Isc  transverse  cubital  nervure 
is  elbowed  at  the  middle  and  bends  towards  the  2nd,  makin"  the 
top  of  the  cellule  there  about  one-fourth  of  what  it  is  at  the 
bottom,  and  about  one-third  the  length  of  the  top  of  the  3rd  •  at 
the  bottom  the  2nd  cubital  cellule  is  about  three-fourths  of 'the 
length  of   the  3rd ;    the  second  transverse  cubital  nervure  is 
sharply  elbowed  at  the  top,  making  the  cellule  much  narrower 
at  the  top  than  at  the  bottom,  where  it  is  rounded  broadly  at  the 
apex,  instead  of  acutely  angled  as  in  rothneyi,  while  the  cubital 
nervure  terminates  completely  there  ;  the  1st  recurrent  ne"'Tire 
is  received  a  very  little  beyond  the  middle,  the  2nd  at  a  less 
distance  from  the  transverse  cubital  nervure  than  is  the  1st ;  the 
radial  nervure  becomes  elbowed  about  the  basal  third  (and'  also 
more  sharply),  while  in  rothneyi  it  turns  up  at  the  middle  of  the 
cellule.    8.  cotesi  also  is  larger,  being  13  mm.  in  length.  The 
long  spur  of  the  hind  tibiae  does  not  reach  the  middle  of  the 
metatarsus  ;  the  tibial  spines  are  shorter  and  fewer." 
Hab.  Southern  India. 
Type  in  the  Indian  Museum,  Calcutta. 


Fig.  33. — Pompilus  analis,  5  •  {■ 

Genus  POMPILUS. 
Sphex,  pt.,  Zinn.  Syst.  Nat.  i,  p.  941  (1767) 

Evania  pt.,  et  Sphex,  pt.,  Fudr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  pp.  192  &  198  fl793) 
Pompilus,  pt.,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  Supp.  p  246  (1798)  ^ 
Ceropales,  pt.,  et  Pompilus,  pt,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  pp.  185  &  187 

Pompilus,  Dahlb.  ITym.  Eur.  i,  p.  443  (1843) 

't'^."3§i^4i6:Tii^T46r(:gs -^^^ 

Pompilus,  Rohl,  Verh,  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  1884,  p.  51. 


L  2 


148 


POMPILIDiE, 


Type,  P.  fuscvs,  Linnaeus. 
lianc/e.  Both  hemispheres. 

Form  of  the  clypeus,  pronotum,  and  median  segment,  very 
variable.  Tore  \ving  with  three  cubital  cells,  the  2ud  and  3rd  as 
a  rule  subequal,  both  cubital  and  discoidal  nervures  stopping  short 
of  the  margin  of  the  wing ;  anterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  ciliated  on  the 
outside,  intermediate  and  posterior  tibiaa  and  tarsi  spinose,  the 
tibiae  never  serrate,  claws  unidentate  at  base  below,  sometimes 
bifid.  Nesting  in  the  ground,  in  burrows  made  by  the  female ; 
the  usual  provision  for  the  larvae  consists  of  spiders,  but  I  have 
seen  one  species  carrying  small  cockroaches  to  its  nest. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Wings  more  or  less  hv  aline. 

a.  Wings  entirely  hyaline. 

Abdomen  beyond  2nd  segment  ferruginous 
red   -P-  analu,^.  150. 

b'.  Abdomen  with  basal  three  segments  ferru- 

ginons  red    P- 

c'.  Abdomen  grey  and  Hack  -P-  wrouffhtoni, 

b.  Basal  half  only  of  wing  hyaline.  LP- 

a'.  Thorax  red  and  black .  ••  „  ivn 

a\  Pro-  and  mesonotum  red   P.  eam^romi  V.  170. 

b\  Pronotum  only  red    P-         P-  l'^- 

b'.  Thorax  entirelv  black.  „ 
fl^  Abdomen  with  grey  pruinose  bands  ....  r.  uus,  J>.  it i-- 
b\  Abdomen  deep  purplish  black,  without  LP-  ^f^- 

bands   -  -  ■  fn  1  n1 

c\  Abdomen  with  basal  three  segments  fer-  ,     LP-  ^-^J- 

ruginousred   ■   P.  ferwstratus, 

c  Winos  hyaline,  with  apical  margin  fuscous. 
■  a',  rfead  and  thorax  tlack;  abdomen  entirely 

ferruginous  red  i^  '  \  "  '  '-li 

v.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  black,  witu 
yellow  or  white  markings. 
a^.  Posterior  tibiae  black. 

a\  Median  segment  with  white  or  silvery  ^  ^  jgg. 

b\  Me&  "segment  with  blue  pile  F.  decoratm,  p.  152. 

6^  Posterior  tibiae  ferruginous.  Pr, 

""wtrif."'""*"    .'^^^^^^^^^  P.vagabundis 
I'i^l^^^om'iLi'segmen^^  p.capUosus,^Am. 

c'.  Head,  thorax,  'and  abdomen  entirely  black. 

a\  Apex  of  median  segment  emargmate.  ...  P.  hecate,  p.  J 
Jfi   A  T>px  of  median  segment  rounded.  . 

a3^^Third  cubital  cell  of  fore  wing  petiolate.  P.  v^va.v,  p.  154. 
b\  Third  cubital  cell  of  fore  wing  not 
petiolate. 

a\  kedian  segment  transversely  sti-iate 

above   •   '  ^ 

fci.  Median  segment  smooth  above.  Pr,  l.-id 

a\  Median  segment  with  a  medial 

longitudinal  furrow  above    ....  P-  f^f.'""^' 
b\  Median  segment  not  farrowed. ...  P.  herhgradus, 


POMPILUS. 


149 


d.  Wings  hyaline,  with  a  subapioal  fuscous  cloud 
or  bar. 

a'.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  black   P.  maculipea,  p.  155. 

b'.  Head  and  thorax    black,  abdomen  fei'- 

ruginous   P.  mitia,  p.  165. 

13.  VVmgs  flavo-h3'aline. 

a.  Fore  wing  with  a  subapical  fuscous  fascia  P.  dehliensis, 

b.  Fore  wing  with  a  fuscous  margin  at  apex.  [p.  166. 
a'.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen   black;  the 

abdomen  with  grey  pruinose  bauds. 
a-.  Fore  -vving  with  the  3rd  cubital  cell 

„  petiolate   p.  incognitus,  p,  166. 

b\  Fore  wing  with  the  Srd  cubital  cell  not 
petiolate. 

a'.  Median  segment  posteriorly  sti-iate  on 

^»  >    P.lncidulus,^l5Q. 

0  .  Median  segment  posteriorly  not  striate. 

a^.  Posterior  femora  and  tibise  black   . .  P.  rothnetji,  p.  169. 

b^.  Posterior  femora  and  tibiaj  ferru- 

A-  TT   J  .1,  ^""""^ -rw   P-  pedestns,  p.  169. 

b .  ±iead,  thorax,  and  abdomen  variegated  with 
yellow  and  fulvous  red. 
a^.  With  only  underside  of  antennae  fulvous 

red  ;  mesonotum  black,  immaculate  . .  P.  orientalis,  p.  157. 
b  .  Abdomen  also  marked  with  fulvous  red. 

a'.  Mesonotum  black,  with  a  V-shaped  ["p  158 

r  M  a/^^^T°'''J^   P.  multipictm', 

I  o  .  Mesonotum  fulvous  or  ferruginous  red, 

immaculate    p.  {nfestus,  p.  168. 

C.  Wings  fusco-hyaline. 
a.  Thorax  black. 

«'.  Abdomen  black  with  silvery  pile    P.  ariadne,  p.  169. 

b    Abdomen  red  and  black    R  re/le.im,  i.  159. 

c  ,  Abdomen  black  with  bands  of  grey  pile. 

a\  Posterior  tibiaj  with  a  white  spot  at  base  fp  160 

6.1  ostenor  tibife  without  any  white  spot . .  P.  limbaf.m,  p  160. 
0.  Ihorax  ferruginous  red  and  black.  ^ 
a'  Mesonotum  red.  r  ■, 

iSi^  

A'  T\/r        i         1  ■.  ■   lascivus,  p.  161. 

'•irtrbtr'^'^"'*'^'^^'^'^  


c . 


a^  Abdomen  red  and  black   p  zebra  p  162 

b  .  Abdomen  whoUy  black   y/,:      comptus,  p.  162. 

D.  Wings  dark  fuscous. 

a.  Wings  with  lacteoua  white  markine-s.  r„  ito 
a'.  Thorax  black  . .                      ^                 p  -LP" 

b'.  Thorax  red  . . .  ^y^<=oides 

b.  Wings  entirely  dark  fuai^ou^." 
a'.  Abdomen  black  and  red. 

a^.  Prouotum  black. 

t-  inxx^c^ii.t^  at  apex  ....  P  mmstus,  p.  163 


150 


POMPII-IDjE. 


b'.  Abdomen  entirely  black. 

«^  Head  and  thorax  in  front  ferruginous 

yellow   -P-  bracatus,  p.  164. 

6".  Head  and  thorax  black. 

d\  Antennas  and  tarsi  piceous  brown   P.  dcedalm,  p.  1B5. 

Zi".  Antennffi  and  tarsi  black. 

a*.  Median  segment  more  or  less  steeply 
sloped  at  apex,  or  trimcate. 
a'.  Fore  wing  with   2nd  and  3rd 

cubital  cells  equal   -P.  canifrom,  V-  1C5. 

l\  Fore  wing  with  2iid  cubital  cell  [p.  166. 

wider  than  the  3rd    F-  simillimus, 

o'.  Fore  wing  Avith  2nd  cubital  cell 

narrower  than  the  3rd    P.  ignobHis,  p.  166. 

¥.  Median  segment  with  a  gentle 
rounded  slope  to  the  apex,  not 
truncate. 

a'.  Median  segment  smooth,  notlongi- 

tudinally  furrowed    P.perplexus,^.Va7. 

b\  Median  segment  with  a  longitu-  [p-  Id/. 

dinal  medial  furrow   F.  parthenope, 

E.  Wings  ferruginous  yellow. 

^.  The  2nd  abdominal  segment  with  an  elongate  LP-  -lo'- 

ferruginous  spot  on  each  side  at  base   P.  bioculatus, 

b  The  2nd  abdominal  segment  with  a  transverse  LP- 

fascia  at  base  above  •  F-  untfnsciatm, 

c.  The  2nd  and  3rd  abdominal  segments  each 

with  a  transverse  fascia  at  base  above    P.  ahcia,  p.  Ibb. 

A.  Second  ventral  segment  without  a  transverse  furrow. 

292.  Pompilus  analis. 

Sphex  analis,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  209.  ... 
Pompilus  analis,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  188^  Smdh  Cat.  m,  p.  143  , 
Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  457. 
9  S  .  Head,  thorax  in  front,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining  ; 
median  segment  pruinose,  opaqne-looking,  rounded  posteriorly, 
truncate  at  apex;  scutellum  large  and  compressed  at  the  sides; 
legs  long,  the  tibiffi  and  tarsi  with  long  stout  spmes.    Black,  the 
Jnss  hyaline,  the  nervures  and  tegulm  dark  brown;  the  female 
has  the  4,  and  the  male  the  5  apical  segments  ot  the  abdomen 

ferruginous  red.  ,  ^    ,  i 

Hab.  Throughout  India,  Burma,  and  Ceylon,  and  occurring 
in  the  Malayan  regions  as  far  as  Celebes.  In  Burma  this  is 
a  common  species,  coming  often  into  houses  in  search  of  the 
little  jumping  spiders  (Attida.)  with  which  it  Fo^^slons  its  nest. 
$  .  Length  14-21 ;  exp.  27-38  mm.  S  •  Length  12-15 ;  e.vj,.  26- 
33  mm. 

293  Pompilus  zeus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 
pp.  460  &  472,  pi.  iii,  fig.  21*. 
2  .  Head  and  thorax  finely  but  very  sparsely  punctured ;  clypeus 

»  The  type  is  in  Mr.  Botbney^  eollection  and  is  -"■•'^^^"^Cam"  rSes^rlbed 
ir,  TMieve  Mr  Cameron's  handwriting :  nevertheless,  Mr.  Cameron  aescnoea 
It  \?nde;  th;  ^eciflc  name  .eus,  probabfy  because  ccllulans  ^as  preoccupied. 


I 


POMPILUS.  151 

transverse,  subporrect,  its  anterior  margin  arched,  slightly  truncate 
in  the  middle;  head  large,  broader  than  the  thorax,  somewhat 
convex  in  front,  concave  posteriorly ;  median  segment  short,  with 
a  rounded  gradual  slope,  becoming  abruptly  steep  at  the  apex;  legs 
with  the  tibi;e  armed  with  long,  stout,  irregularly  placed  spines ; 
abdomen  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax  united,  pseudosessile. 
Head  and  thorax  black,  the  apices  of  the  anterior  and  the  apical 
two-thirds  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  femora,  the  tibiae 
of  all  the  legs,  and  the  basal  three  segments  of  the  abdomen 
blood-red ;  the  tarsi  and  the  apical  three  segments  fuscous,  with  a 
reddish  tint ;  wings  hyaline,  the  apical  half  sordid  yellow,  the  3rd 
cubital  cell  in  the  fore  wing  subtriangular  and  remarkably  narrow, 
measuring  on  the  cubital  nervure  not  quite  one-third  the  width 
of  the  2nd  cubital  cell. 

Hah.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.     $  .  Length  9  ;  exp.  ]  7  mm. 

*294.  Pompilus  wroughtoni,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv, 
1891,  pp.  460  &  464,  pi.  iii,  tig.  10. 

"Very  similar  to  P.  rotlmeyi,  having  the  same  grey  pruiuose 
vestm-e,  with  the  abdominal  segments  grey  and  black,  and  the 
apex  of  the  median  segment  concave,  the  head  very  little  developed 
behind  the  eyes,  and  the  abdomen  subsessile:  but  is  smaller, 
narrower,  and  more  slender ;  the  wings  are  subhyaline  throughout, 
not  yellowish  or  infuscated  at  apex ;  the  second  cubital  cellule  is 
much  longer  at  the  bottom  compared  with  the  third  ;  the  third 
being  of  the  length  of  the  space  bounded  by  the  first  transverse 
cubital  and  the  first  recurrent,  the  latter  being  received  at  a  greater 
distance  fi-om  the  transverse  cubital;  the  second  recurrent  is 
received  in  the  apical  fourth  of  the  cellule,  not  before  the  middle ; 
and  lastly  the  long  spur  of  the  metatarsus  (?  tibia)  reaches  almost 
close  to  the  apex  of  the  metatarsus. 

"  Hab.  Poona  (  Wrougliton)." 

295.  Pompilus  fenestratus,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  144,  2  ;  Jour.  Linn. 

Soc.  1867,  p.  352 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 
p.  458.  ^  ^  ' 

5 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  ;  clypeus  very  convex, 
its  anterior  margin  boldly  arcuate  and  turned  downwards ; 
scutellum  raised  and  prominent ;  median  segment  with  a  smooth 
rounded  slope  to  its  apex,  which  is  recurved ;  legs  with  the  tibiie 
and  tarsi  spinose,  the  spines  long  and  scattered,  claws  unidentate 
at  base  below.  Head,  thorax,  and  apical  segments  of  the  abdomen 
black,  the  former  two  densely  covered  with  silvery  pile,  the  basal 
three  segments  of  the  abdomen  and  the  base  of  the  4th  ferruginous 
red  ;  wings  hyaline  for  half  their  length,  fuscous  beyond. 
Bab.  India  (Bengal) ;  Burma.     $  .  LengtJi  8  ;  e.vp.  17  mm. 

296.  Pompilus  acceptus. 

Pompilus  elegans,  Sinith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  (1879)  p.  150  9 
{jiec  Cress.  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  i,  1867,  p.  109j. 


152 


POMPlLIDiB. 


$ .  Head,  thorax  in  front,  and  abdomen  smooth ;  median 
segment  transversely  striate,  with  a  medial  longitudinal  furrow, 
and  a  short  shallow  one  on  each  side  of  it  close  to  the  base ;  clypeus 
with,  its  anterior  margin  deeply  emarginate,  almost  bilobed ;  legs 
with  the  tibia3  and  tarsi  moderately  spinose.  Bead  and  thorax 
black,  abdomen  ferruginoiis  red;  'wings  hyaline,  with  a  broad 
fuscous  border  at  apex,  teguliE  and  nervui-es  testaceous  brown  ; 
the  clypeus  has  a  broad  border  anteriorly  of  silvery  pile,  which 
is  continued  up  the  inner  margin  of  the  eyes,  beneath  this  pile  the 
surface  is  ferruginous  red,  and  this  latter  colour  is  (continued  round 
the  orbits  of  the  eves,  interrupted,  however,  on  the  vertex ;  a  short 
transverse  stripe  "ou  the  collar,  and  another  along  the  posterior 
margin  of  the  pronotum  yellow;  the  posterior  femora  with  the 
tibial  calcaria  bright  ferruginous. 

Bab.  India.     ?  .  Length  20  ;  exjj.  32  mm. 

The  type  and  another  specimen,  also  a  ?  ,  in  the  British  Museum 
collection  are  all  I  have  seen. 

297.  Pompilus  arrogans,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1873,  p.  187,  ? 
(wee  Smith,  2tid  Yark.  Miss.,  Hym.  1878,  p.  14,  $). 
$.   Obscurely  pruinose;   head  not  wider  than  the  thorax; 
clypeus  very  slightly  convex,  almost  vertical,  its  anterior  margin 
widely  arched,  transverse  in  the  middle ;  thorax  stout,  laterally 
compressed,  the  pronotum  with  a  steep  slope  anteriorly  ;  scuteiimn 
large  and  prominent ,  median  segment  with  a  rounded  steep  slope 
to  the  apex,  which  is  perceptibly  truncate  and  flat ;  legs  stout,  the 
tibia3  and  tarsi  with  irregular,  scattered  spines;  abdomen  pseudo- 
sessUe,  thick  at  base.   Black,  the  clypeus,  front  of  the  face,  median 
segment  posteriorly,  and  a  transverse  fascia  at  the  base  of  2nd.  and 
3rd  abdominal  segments  above  with  hoary  pHe;  an  abbreviated 
narrow  line  on  the  inner  margin  of  the  eyes,  a  broader  fascia  inter- 
rupted in  the  middle  on  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  a  spot 
on  the  posterior  tibiie  above,  and  an  elongate  spot  at  the  base  laterally 
of  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments  of  the  abdomen  yellowish  white:  wings 
hyaline,  broadly  infuscate  at  the  apex;  nervures  and  tegiUffi  black'. 
A  variety  has  the  anterior  margin  of  the  clypeus  narrowly  and  a 
square  spot  at  the  apex  of  the  mesonotum  yellowish  white ;  another 
has  in  addition  to  the  usual  markings  a  transverse  yeUow  fascia  at 
the  base  of  the  4th  and  5th  segments  of  the  abdomen  above. 

Hah.  Tenasserim;  Ceylon;  Japan.     ?.  Length  12-lb ;  exp. 
25-28  mm. 

298,  Pompilus  decoratus,  Smith,  Neio  Sp.  Rym.  B.  M.  p.  149. 

2    Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  somewhat  shining  ; 
clypeus  half-moon-shaped,  its  posterior  margin  transverse,  anterior 
boldly  arched;  the  mesonotum  with  an  ill-defined  shallow  medial 
loSudinal  sulcation  and  an  abbreviated  furrow  on  each  side  close 
oTe  apex,  not  reaching  the  anterior  margin;  medmn  segment 
oundedwi  ha  gradual,  slope  to  the  apex,  the  margm  recurved ; 


POMPILUS. 


153 


legs  with  stout  scattered  spines,  the  anterior  tibiiB  and  tarsi  feebly 
ciliated  on  the  outer  side ;  claws  bifid  ;  abdomen  longer  than  the 
head  and  thorax,  subcylindrical.  Black,  the  wings  hyaUne,  with  a 
broad  fuscous  apical  margin  to  the  anterior  pair ;  a  narrow  line 
round  the  orbits  of  the  eyes  interrupted  on  the  vertex,  the  posterior 
margin  of  the  pronotum,  a  spot  on  the  mesonotum,  another  on  the 
side  of  the  thorax  close  to  the  base  of  the  fore  wing,  a  third  at  the 
base  of  the  posterior  tibiffi,  with  a  large  irregular  mark  on  each 
side  of  the  base  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  abdominal  segments,  and  a 
fascia  at  the  apex  of  the  5th  segment,  yellowish  white ;  the  pro- 
notum and  median  segment  are  adorned  with  pale  pubescent  pile, 
and  the  frout  below  the  antennsB  \vith  silvery  pile. 

Hah.  Bombay.     5  •  Length  13 ;  exp.  21  mm. 

The  type  and  only  known  specimen  is  in  the  collection  of  the 
British  Museum,  South  Kensington. 

299.  Pompilus  vagabundus,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc  ii  (1858),  p.  92,  5 ; 

Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  460. 

5  .  Pruinose  ;  head  broader  than  the  thorax ;  clypeus  subconvex, 
its  anterior  margin  slightly  arched,  almost  transverse  in  the 
middle,  oblique  at  the  sides ;  pronotum  with  a  wide  arch  posteriorly ; 
scutellum  prominent ;  tlie  median  segment  gradually  sloped  to  the 
apex,  where  it  is  slightly  depressed  in  the  middle ;  abdomen 
pseudosessile ;  legs  with  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  spinose,  the  spines 
stout,  the  inner  calcaria  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibiae 
nearly  as  long  as  the  metatarsus.  Black;  a  line  on  the  anterior 
margin  of  the  clypeus  joining  two  lateral  spots  on  it,  the  orbits 
of  the  eyes  except  at  the  top,  the  scape  of  the  antennae  in  front, 
the  posterior  mai-gin  of  the  pronotum,  a  minute  spot  on  the 
tegulae,  and  trans\erse  fasciae  at  the  base  of  the  2nd,  3rd,  and  5th 
abdominal  segments,  yellow ;  the  fascia  on  the  2nd  segment  is 
interrupted  in  the  middle,  that  on  the  5th  is  posteriorly  emarginate ; 
the  flagellum  of  the  antenuse  below,  and  the  intermediate  and 
posterior  femora  and  tibiae,  red ;  wings  hyaline,  broadly  infuscated 
at  apex. 

The  markings  are  very  variable  in  this  species — the  clypeus 
may  be  without  the  submarginal  line,  the  yellow  may  extend  up 
the  face  to  the  base  of  the  antennae,  the  mesonotum  at  apex  and 
the  scutellum  may  be  marked  with  yellow,  the  femora  and  tibiae 
of  the  anterior  as  well  as  of  the  other  legs  may  be  red,  and  some- 
times the  yellow  fasciae  on  the  abdomen  except  on  the  2nd  segment 
are  entirely  wanting. 

Hah.  Sikhim ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim ;  extending  to  Borneo. 
2  .  Length  9-14  ;  exp.  20-28  mm.     d  •  Length  12 ;  exp.  26  mm. 

300.  Pompilus  capitosus,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  147,  $ . 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  covered  with  a  thin 
silvery  pile  ;  the  clypeus  subconvex,  its  anterior  margin  arched, 
the  posterior  transverse  ;  scutellum  large  and  prominent ;  median 


154 


segment  rounded  posteriorly ;  legs  with  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  armed 
with  stout  spines.  Black ;  the  wings  hyaline,  fuscous  at  apex, 
nervures  and  tegulte  testaceous  brov\  n ;  the  anterior  margin  of 
the  clypeus,  a  line  along  the  inner  and  outer  margin  of  the  eyes 
not  meeting  on  the  vertex,  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum, 
a  small  transverse  spot  at  the  apex  of  the  mesonotum,  a  spot  on 
each  uide  at  base  of  2nd  abdominal  segment,  and  a  broad  line 
at  base  of  the  3rd,  yellow  ;  the  posterior  tibiae  ferruginous  black 
at  base  and  with  a  spot  of  yellow  on  the  outer  side. 

Hah.  Burma ;  Tenasserim.     $  .  Lengtli  10-12  ;  exp.  22-25  mm. 
<S  a  trifle  smaller. 

301.  Pompilus  vivax.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 
pp.  460  &  468,  pi.  iii,  fig.  14. 

cS  .  Pruinose ;  the  head  convex  in  front,  transverse  posteriorly ; 
pronotum  with  a  rounded  slope  anteriorly,  its  posterior  margin 
acutely  angled ;  median  segment  rounded,  gently  sloped  to  the 
apex ;  legs  loiig,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  with  long  stout  spines ; 
abdomen  pseudosessile,  short,  the  basal  segment  broad  and  depressed 
above  at  base.  Black,  the  head  and  thorax  with  hoary  grey  pile, 
most  dense  on  the  clypeus  and  sides  of  the  face ;  the  scape  in 
front,  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  and  a  long  streak 
above  at  the  base  of  the  posterior  tibiae  yellowish  white ;  the 
median  segment  at  apex,  and  abdominal  segments  1-4  at  base, 
with  thick  silvery-white  decumbent  pubescence;  wmgs  hyaline, 
the  apex  broadly  'infuscated,  the  3rd  cubital  cell  in  the  fore  wing 
petiolate.  A  variety  has  the  wings  tinted  with  yellow,  and  the 
underside  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae  fulvous  red. 

Bab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal,     c?  .  Length.  8  ;  exp.  16  mm. 

302.  Pompilus  suhsericeus,  Sauss.  Novara  Rdse,  Hym.  p.  60,  fig.  39, 

Pompi\u8''pruino8us,  Smith,  Neio  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  147,  $  {nec 
Smith,  Vat.  iii,  p.  141,  2)- 

5 .  Densely  pruinose ;  the  clypeus  transverse,  its  anterior 
margin  slightly  arched;  head  sessile;  pronotum  long,  posteriorly 
angiilated  ;  mesonotum  short,  with  a  slight  shallow  longitudinal 
medial  sulcation  at  apex ;  median  segment  long,  gi-adually  rounded 
to  its  apex  and  with  a  marked  longitudinal  groove  down  the 
middle ;  legs  with  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  slightly  spmose,  the  tibial 
calcaria  long  and  stout;  abdomen  subpetiolate,  fusiform,  and 
slightly  compressed.  Black,  with  hoary  grey  pile,  dense  on  the 
clvpeus,  head  and  face,  on  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum, 
the  apex  of  the  mesonotum,  scutellum,  postscutellum,  and  median 
segment,  and  on  the  abdomen,  where  it  forms  broad  bands  on 
the  posterior  margins  of  segments  2-5,  leaving  the  base  of  these 
segments  black  and  shining;  wings  hyaline,  the  apex  broadly 
infuscated,  nervures  and  tegulas  testaceous.  '  ^  r 

Hah.  Sikhim ;  Kumaun;  Burma ;  extending  to  China.  $  .  Lcngih 
10-12 ;  exp.  18-21  mm. 


POMPILUS. 


155 


303.  Pompilus  herbigradus,  n.  sp. 

§  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pruinose,  smooth,  but  not 
shining ;  clypeus  transverse,  subporrect,  its  anterior  margin  very 
slightly  arched,  nearly  straiglit ;  pronotum  rounded  anteriorly  ; 
postseutellum  and  median  segment  steeply  sloped,  rounded 
posteriorly;  legs  long,  spinose,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  with  long 
spines ;  the  abdomen  pseudosessile,  curved,  not  so  long  as  the 
head  and  thorax  united.  Black,  the  clypeus,  the  sides  of  the 
face,  the  thorax  more  or  less,  especially  at  the  apex  of  the 
median  segment,  and  the  base  of  the  segments  of  the  abdomen 
with  silvery  pile,  which  is  most  dense  on  the  clypeus  and  on  the 
1st  and  2nd  segments  of  the  abdomen ;  the  apical  two  segments 
of  the  latter  studded  \\4th  stiff  black  hairs ;  wings  hyaline,  inf  us- 
cated  at  apex,  nervures  and  tegulae  piceous. 

similar  but  slighter,  with  porrect  antennae ;  the  clvpeus  is 
longer  and  more  rounded  anteriorly,  the  abdomen  vertically  com- 
pressed. Varies  in  the  wings  being  fuscescent  for  half  their 
length  at  apex,  and  the  antennae  and  anterior  legs  being  piceous. 

Bab.  Sikhim;  Tenasserim.  $.  Length  9-12;  exp.  16-20  mm. 
d.  Lenc/th  8-12  ;  exp.  17-21  mm. 

304.  Pompilus  maculipes,  Smith,  Trans.  Zool.  Soc.  vii  (1870),  p.  186, 

$  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  459. 

$ .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  covered  with  a  thin 
sericeous  silvery  grey  pile ;  the  clypeus  large,  subconvex,  its 
anterior  margin  arched,  posterior  bisinuate  ;  eyes  wide  apart,  their 
inner  margins  parallel;  scutellum  very  large  and  prominent, 
compressed  at  the  sides ;  median  segment  declivous  ;  legs  with 
stout  scattered  spines,  anterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  ciliated  on  the 
outer  side,  claws  bifid.  Black  ;  wings  clear  hyaline,  a  pale  fuscous 
spot  at  the  apex,  and  a  fuscous  fascia  occupying  the  radial,  2nd 
and  3rd  cubital,  and  apex  of  the  2nd  discoidal  cell  in  the  fore 
wing,  the  apical  border  of  the  hind  wing  also  fuscous,  nervures 
and  tegulae  brown;  legs  with  a  white  spot  at  the  base  of  the 
posterior  tibiae  above. 

Hob.  Mainpuri  (N.W.  Provinces),  Kumaun,  Sikhim,  Biu-ma, 
and  Tenasserim.     $  .  Length  8-11  ;  exp.  19-22  mm. 

305.  Pompilus  mitis.  Smith,  Nero  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  148. 
Pompilus  buddha,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891 

pp.  457  &  471,  pi.  iii,  fig.  20.  y  '     >  > 

2  •  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  ;  clypeus  transversely 
ovate,  its  anterior  and  posterior  margins  arched ;  scutellum  pro- 
minent, compressed  at  the  sides ;  median  segment  with  a  steep 
slope  to  its  apex;  legs  with  stout  scattered  spines,  anterior tibise 
and  femora  sparingly  ciliated  on  the  outer  side,  claws  bifid.  Head, 
thorax,  and  coxae  black,  the  rest  of  the  legs  and  the  abdomen 
ferruginous  ;  the  mandibles,  clypeus,  a  line  along  the  inner  margin 
of  the  eyes,  the  scape  in  front,  the  posterior  margin  of  the 
pronotum,  and  the  tubercles  yellowish  white ;  the  flagellum  of 


156 


POMPILIDiE. 


the  antenna  beneath  ferruginous  ;  the  thorax,  coxae,  and  femora 
beneath  with  silvery  pile;  wings  hyaline,  with  a  fuscous  fascia  on 
the  fore  wing,  beyond  which  the  apex  of  the  wing  is  clear ;  the 
extreme  base  of  the  abdomen  black. 

Hah.  Bombay  and  Central  India.     ?  .  Length  9-11 ;  exp.  15- 
17  mm.     c?  somewhat  smaller. 

306.  Pompilus  dehliensis,  Cum.  Mem.  Munch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 

pp.  458  &  465,  pi.  iii,  fig.  11. 

$  .  Densely  pruinose ;  head  a  little  wider  than  the  thorax, 
clypeus  transverse,  slightly  convex,  its  anterior  margin  arched ; 
median  segment  broad,  with  a  rounded  slope  to  the  apex,  where 
the  slope  is  steep  with  an  inward  curve  ;  legs  stout,  the  tibiae  and 
tarsi  with  short  spines ;  abdomen  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax 
united,  pseudosessile  and  massive.  Black,  with  glittering  silvery 
pile,  most  dense  on  the  clypeus,  the  pronotum  anteriorly,  the 
median  segment,  and  abdomen,  on  the  last  it  forms  a  broad  band 
at  the  base  and  a  narrow  band  at  the  posterior  margin  of  each 
segment ;  wings  hyaline  with  a  yellowish  tint,  the  fore  wing  vyith 
a  light  fuscous  cloud  occupying  the  radial,  2nd  and  3rd  cubital, 
and  upper  part  of  2nd  discoidal  cells. 

Hah.  Delhi,  N.W.  India.     $  .  Length  9  ;  exp.  16  mm. 

307.  Pompilus  iaCOgnitus,  Cain.  Mem.  Munch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv, 

1891,  pp.  469  &  467,  pi.  iii,  fig.  13. 
?  Pompilus  vischnu,  Cam.  t.  c.  pp.  460  &  469. 

$  .  This  species  is  identical  in  form,  sculpture,  and  markings 
with  P.  pedestris,  Smith,  but  I  keep  it  apart,  as  the  3rd  cubital  cell 
is  petiolate,  not  subtriangular  as  in  pedestris.  I  have  also  careftillv 
examined  the  tvpes  *  of  F.  vischnu.  Cam.,  in  Mr.  Eothney's 
collection,  and  they  as  well  as  the  rest  of  the  specimens  labelled 
P.  vischnu  are,  so  far  as  1  can  make  out,  nothing  more  than  rather 
small  males  of  P.  incognitus.  All  have  tiie  3rd  cubital  cell  m  the 
fore  wing  petiolate  t. 

Hah.    Barrackpore,  Bengal.      ? .  Length  12  :    exp.  23  mm. 

.  Length  9  ;  exp.  17  mm. 

*308.  Pompilus  lucidulus.  ^  .    „  «   qi  o 

Homonotus  lucidulus,  Sams.  Novara  Reise,  Hym.  p.  50,  tig.  61,^ . 
Pompilus  lucidulus,  Cam.  Mem.  Munch.  L.  Fh.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  IHJi, 
p.  459. 

"  $  .  Head  smooth,  sessile,  flat  in  front,  sulcated  round  the  base 

*  Two  Bpeoimens,  both  males,  are  labelled  "P.  vischnu,  0am.,  Ti/pe,"  in  what 
I  beUeve  is  Mr.  Oameron's  handwriting.     ,     .    ,  .    .      .    .         „  p 

t  Mr.  Cameron  has  made  some  mistake  in  his  descriptions  of  Po^npUns 
vivax  and  Pompilus  vischnu.  Of  the  former  he  says  (fcc.  cit.)  '  Second  cubital 
cell  petiolate,"  whereas  it  is  the  3rd  cubital  cell  which  is  petiolate  ;  .t^^tf  also  the 
Plate  Bgure,  which  is  correct.  Of  P.  vischnu  he  s.iys  "Ment.cvl  in  colour 
of  the  body  and  wings  to  P.  viuax,  dmnng  m  the  2nd  cubital  cell  being 
petiolate-'  '  The  types  and  aU  the  specimens  labelled  P.  vischnu  in  Mr.  Eothney  a 
collection  have  the  3rd  (not  2nd)  cubital  cell  petiolate. 


POMPILTJS. 


157 


of  the  antenrifE  ;  front  not  tuberculate,  but  the  vertex  in  the 
midrlle  above  ahiiost  raised  into  a  tubercle.  Ocelli  somewhat 
small,  placed  in  little  pits,  forming  a  triangle;  clypeus  flat, 
smooth,  the  margin  widely  truncate,  subrugulose.  Antennae 
convolute,  the  joints  long,  the  first  slender  and  longest.  Thorax 
compressed.  Pronotum  transversely  wide,  square,  anteriorly  very 
nearly  sharply  truncate,  posteriorly  somewhat  arched,  above 
slightly  convex.  The  scutellum  triangularly  raised  in  the  middle, 
the  apex  compressed.  Postscutellum  arched.  Metathorax  some- 
what short,  roundly  truncate,  or  better  roundly  sloped,  not 
tuberculate,  posterioi'ly  carinate  and  striated  on  both  sides, 
anteriorly  and  in  the  middle  posteriorly  smooth,  not  sulcate  ;  the 
apical  margin  well  reflexed,  the  margin  obsoletely  trilobate,  the 
middle  not  emarginate ;  the  anterior  lobe  of  the  metauotum 
nearly  hidden  in  the  middle,  strongly  striate.  Abdomen  sub- 
compressed,  sessile.  Tibise,  the  intermediate  and  posterior  sparsely 
spinose  (the  posterior  pair  armed  with  a  double  series  of  4-5 
spines),  tarsi  spinulose. — Black,  covered  with  cinereous  and  silvery 
pile  all  over,  head  strongly  ashy-grey ;  the  1-4  abdominal  segments 
with  broad  silvery  bands,  the  remainder  with  glittering  grey  pile. 
Wings  flavo-hyaline,  the  apex  with  a  broad  intra-marginal  cloud, 
the  apical  margin  narrowly  hyaline.  The  radial  cell  short,  the 
base  broad,  the  apex  strongly  acuminate  ;  2nd  and  3rd  cubitals 
minute,  nearly  equal,  anteriorly  a  little  narrowed  (the  interior  and 
outer  margin  arched  anteriorly),  the  transverse  cubital  nervure 
very  obUque ;  the  1st  recurrent  nervure  is  received  in  the  middle 
of  the  margin,  the  2nd  a  little  beyond  the  middle  of  the  margin ; 
4th  cubital  cellule  incomplete,  very  large ;  the  cubital  nervure 
ending  a  little  before  the  margin  of  the  wing,  the  discoidal  nervare 
reaching  up  to  the  margin. 

"■Hah.  Ceylon.     5  .  Length  10:  wing  8  mm." 

Unknown  to  me,  but  seems  to  resemble  P.  rothneyi,  Cam. 

309.  Pompilus  orientalis. 

Ceropales  orientalis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  189], 
p.  432,  pi.  iii,  %.  4. 

c? .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  very 
slightly  pubescent,  the  pubescence  somewhat 
more  dense  on  the  median  segment  and  base  of 
the  abdomen ;  clypeus  transversely  oval,  con- 
vex, its  anterior  margin  very  slightly  emarginate 
in  the  middle ;  median  segment  somewhat 
steeply  sloped  posteriorly,  flattened  above 
towards  the  apex,  with  the  margin  transverse ; 
abdomen  short,  not  so  long  as  the  head  and 
thorax  together,  pseudosessile.  Black ;  the 
Fig.  34.-Pompihs  mandibles,  the  clypeus  except  a 

orientalis,^.   f-      median  square,  sometimes  triangular  portion, 
the  inner  and  outer  orbits  interrupted  above 
at  the  vertex,  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  teguls,  two 


158 


POMPILID^. 


approximate  spots  on  the  scutellum,  a  spot  on  the  inesopleuroB, 
the  apex  of  the  anterior  coxae,  a  spot  above  them  on  the  prothorax, 
the  greater  part  of  the  femora,  tibia3,  and  tarsi,  and  large  lateral 
spots  at  the  base  of  the  2nd,  3rd,  4th,  and  6th  abdominal  segments 
above,  yellow  ;  the  antennae  beneath  and  the  posterior  femora 
sometimes  reddish  yellow  ;  the  tibial  spurs  long,  whitish,  the 
pubescence  silvery  white ;  wings  hyaline,  the  apex  of  fore  wing 
beyond  the  radial  cell  fuscous,  the  nervures  pale  testaceous. 

Hah.  Bengal;  Burma;  Tenasserim.  ^  .  Length  ^-10;  ea-y.  19mm. 
$  unknown. 

I  have  examined  the  type  in  Mr.  Eothney's  collection  and  it  is 
a  true  Pompilus,  the  fore  tibise  and  tarsi  being  cihated. 

310.  Pompilus  multipictus,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  148. 

(S .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  shghtly  pruinose, 
especially  so  on  the  median  segment;  clypeus 
subconvex,  broader  than  high,  its  anterior 
margin  arched,  from  its  centre  a  short  well- 
marked  perpendicular  carina  runs  up  to 
between  the  antennae,  on  each  side  of  which 
the  face  is  hollowed  slightly ;  the  scutellum 
very  large  and  prominent ;  the  median  seg- 
ment with  a  gently  roimded  slope  to  its  apex ; 
legs  with  stout  scattered  spines,  the  anterior 
tibiae  and  tarsi  feebly  ciliated  on  the  outer 
side,  claws  bifid.  Black,  variegated  with 
yellow  and  ferruginous  brown  ;  wings  flavo- 
hyaline,  their  apex  broadly  fuscous,  tegulse 
midti'icttis       ^\  nervures  testaceous  yellow ;  the  clypeus, 

'  •  T-  except  a  spot  at  its  base  above,  a  broad 
stripe  along  the  inner  and  outer  margin  of  the  eyes,  not  meeting 
on  the  vertex,  the  scape  of  the  antennae,  the  prothorax,  except 
an  irregular  brown  mark  in  front,  a  V-shaped  mark  on  the  meso- 
notura,  a  large  spot  on  each  side  of  Ihe  scutellum,  the  apex  of 
the  median  segment,  a  line  on  the  mesopleurae  beneath  the  wings, 
the  coxte  in  front,  the  apex  of  the  femora,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of 
the  anterior  legs,  the  bases  of  the  tibiae,  and  of  the  1st,  2ud,  and  3rd 
joints  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tarsi,  and  the  base,  above 
and  below,  of  all  except  the  1st  and  apical  segments  of  the  abdomen, 
yellow.  A  variety  has  the  yellow  markings  on  the  face  and 
abdomen  more  or  less  ferruginous. 

Eab.  Malabar ;  Sikhim  ;  Tenasserim  ;  Japan.    S  •  Length  15-18 ; 
exi^.  28-35  mm.     ?  unknown. 

311.  Pompilus  infestus,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  430. 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  ;  the  clypeus  convex, 
transversely' rectangular,  its  sides  rounded  ;  the  front  of  the  face 
flat,  with  an  abbreviated  impressed  line  running  from  the  anterior 
oceilus  to  between  the  antennae ;  median  segment  short,  rounded 


roiipiLUs. 


159 


posteriorly,  and  with  a  steep  slope  to  its  apex;  legs  stout  with  a 
few  scattered  spines,  anterior  tibia  and  tarsi  feebly  ciliated  on  the 
outer  side.  Ferruginous  red;  the  wings  flavo-hyaline,  broadly 
infuscated  at  apex,  nervures  brown,  tegute  ferruginous  ;  the 
clypeus,  the  inner  margin  of  the  eyes,  a  line  on  the  posterior 
margin  of  the  pronotum,  a  spot  on  the  posterior  tibia}  at  base,  the 
basal  two  joints  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tarsi,  and  the 
3rd  and  4th  segments  of  the  abdomen  yellow. 

Hab.  India.     5  .  Length  15  ;  exp.  25  mm. 

The  type  and  only  known  specimen  is  in  the  collection  of  the 
British  Museum,  South  Kensington. 

312.  Pompllus  ariadne.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (i)  iv  1891 
pp.  457,  &  462,  pi.  iii,  figs.  7,7  a.  ^  ^    '  ' 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pruinose  ;  head  strikingly 
concave  behind,  convex  in  front  and  sessile  ;  pronotum  long ; 
scutellum  and  postscutellum  somewhat  prominent ;  median  segment 
long,  with  a  gradual  slope  posteriorly,  depressed  at  apex  in  the 
middle,  the  sides  produced  into  slight  conical  projections;  the 
whole  thorax  and  also  the  abdomen,  which  is  pseudosessile, 'com- 
pressed laterally  ;  legs  stout,  the  tibiaj  and  tarsi  slightly  spinose 
Black ;  the  anterior  margin  of  the  clypeus,  the  antennas  beneath,  and 
the  tarsi  testaceous,  the  posterior  tibial  calcaria  white  ;  the  head 
above,  the  pro-  and  mesonotum,  and  the  segments  of  the  abdomen 
at  base  covered  with  thin  silvery  pile ;  wings  fusco-hyaline. 

Hab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal ;  Tenasserim.  $.  Length  6-7-  exv 
11  mm.  ' 


313.  Pompilus  reflexus,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  187.3,  p  189  9 

Pompilus  familiaris,  Smith,  Neiu  Sp.  Hym.  £.  M.x,.  147  6  {nee 

Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  150).  '  +  v 

Pompilua  detectus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc  iA)  iv  IfiQl 

pp.  458  &  474,  pi.  iii,  fig.  25.  '  ^  '    '  ' 

?  .  Head,  thorax,  and  legs  pruinose ;  abdomen  smooth,  some- 
what shining;  head  much  broader  than  the  thorax;  clypeus  trans- 
verse Its  anterior  margin  porrect,  straight  in  the  middle,  oblique 
at  the  sides ;  thorax  laterally  compressed,  the  median  segment 
rounded  posteriorly,  the  slope  at  apex  steep ;  legs  stout,  with  the 
tibiffiand  tarsi  sparsely  spinose;  abdomen  pseudosessile,  as  Ions 
as  the  head  and  thorax  together.  Black,  the  head  and  thorax  in 
certain  lights  with  silvery  pile,  most  dense  on  the  clypeus,  sides  of 
the  face,  and  median  segment;  the  basal  abdominal  segment 
except  at  the  extreme  base,  the  2nd,  and  basal  half  of  the  3rd 
ferruginous  led,  the  remainder  black,  the  apex  of  the  anal  segment 
reddish  with  stifE  scattered  hairs;  wings  fusco-hyaline,  with  a 
broad  darker  fuscous  margin  at  apex;  nervures  and  tegula) 
testaceous  brown.  ° 

Hub.  Sikhim;  Burma;  Tenasserim;  Japan.  9.  Lerwth  10-11  • 
exp.  19-21  mm.  -j/         xi. , 


-^QQ  POMPILIDJi. 

314.  Pompilns  leucophSBUS,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  92,  S  ; 
{cle7n,  1867,  p.  352. 
c? .  Head,  thorax,  and   abdomen   smooth,  densely  pruinose ; 
clvpeus  transverse,  subconvex,  its  anterior  rnargm  slightly  einar- 
dnate;  thorax  loAg,  nearly  as  long  as  the  abdomen  the  median 
segment  with  a  very  slight  slope  to  its  apex ;  the  tibi^B  and  tarsi 
ITole  the  calenria  ot  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibiae  about 
two  thirds  the  length  of  the  metatarsus;  abdomen  subpetiolate, 
St^^  lleneT'vertlcall^      Black,  covered  with  dense  slate- 
coloured  pile,  which  forms  broad  bands  on  the  abdomen  at  the  base 
of  the  selects  :  wings  fusco-hyaline,  clearer  at  their  base ;  a  large 
It  on  Lh  side  on 'the  clypeus,  the  inner  margin  o^^^^^ 
above  the  base  of  the  antennsB,  an  abbreviated  line  on  the  outer 
maTn  and  the  posterior  margin  of  the  prono  um  yellow;  the 
antenna,  beneath^fulvous,  the  calcaria  of  the  intermediate  and 

^"tr^Snffim  •  Tenasserim  ;  Malay  Peninsula,    d  •  Len,tk  11 ; 
exjp.  22  mm.  . 

315.  Pompilus  limbatus,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1861,  p.  78,  c?  ;  idem, 
1867,  p.  353.  . 

black ;  tJV^^^;^ ^  1^"^  "'^ 
exp.  30  mm. 

316  Pompilus  ephippiatus,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  148. 

segment  level,  rounded  and  t^^^f^J*,^^^^^^ 

scattered  ^V^^^^^f^^'^ltTZ  l^^^^  and  scutellum 

claws  bifid.    Black,  with  the  P^"  ^nd  me  ^^^^^^^ 


POMPILUS, 


IGl 


margins  of  the  abdominal  segments  with  fascia3  of  the  same, 
which  on  the  2nd,  3rd,  and  4th  segments  are  proJonged  forward 
angularly. 

Hab.  Bombay.     $  .  Lengtli  12 ;  «.rp.  18  mm. 
The  type  and  only  known  specimen  is  in  the  collection  of  the 
British  Museum  at  South  Kensington. 


317.  Pompilus  lascivns,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891 

pp.  459  &  475,  pi.  iii,  fig.  26.  /    '  > 

Pouipilus  ignicolor,  Bi7ir/h.  P.  Z.  S.   1896,  p.  432,  $ ,    pi.  xv 

fig.  2.  ' 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  in  front  very  finely  granular  aud  opaque ; 
median  segment  and  abdomen  pruinose  ;  head  broad,  broader  than 
the  thorax ;  clypeus  transverse,  subporrect,  its  anterior  margin 
^videly  arched ;  pronotum   bulging  at   the   shoulders,  laterally 
narrowed  towards  the  head;  scutellum  large,  triangiJarly  com- 
pressed   in   the   middle  ;    median    segment    broad,  rounded 
posteriorly,  with  a  somewhat  steep  slope  to  the  apex ;   legs  stout, 
the  tibiae  and  tarsi  sparsely  spinose ;  abdomen  pseudosessile,  about 
as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax  together.    Head,  pro-  and  meso- 
notum,  scutellum   and   postscutellum  dull  brick-red  ;  median 
segment  and  abdomen  opaque  black  ;  the  flagellum  of  the'antennaj, 
anterior  and  intermediate  legs  obscurely  fuscous  red ;  wings  lio-ht 
fusco-hyaline,  clear  hyaline  at  base  and  extreme  apical  margin'' of 
the  fore  wins'. 

Rab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal  ;  Ceylon.  $ .  Length  8  ;  exv 
14  mm.  ^' 


*318.  Pompilus  vitiosus,  Smith,  J.  A.  S.  B.  xlvii,  pt.  2, 1878,  p.  167,  ^  ■ 

"  <S .  Ferruginous ;  the  thorax  with  black  markings,  and  the 
abdomen  fusco-ferruginous  towards  the  apex.  The  antenna? 
fuscous  above;  the  eyes  and  tips  of  the  mandibles  black;  the 
front  before  the  antennae  pale  reddish  yellow.  The  mesoth'orax 
with  a  black  longitudinal  stripe  on  each  side  ;  the  thorax  at  the 
sides  and  beneath  paler  than  the  disk,  and  with  a  golden  lustre 
the  pectus  black  ;  wings  fusco-hyaline.  The  extreme  base  of 
the  abdomen  black,  the  1st,  2nd,  and  3rd  segments  with 
their  apical  margins  fusco-ferruginous,  the  following  segments 
entirely  so. 

"  Length  6i  lines." 

Hab.  Tenasserim. 

This  species  was  procured  in  December  1876,  by  Mr.  Ossian 
Limborg,  somewhere  east  of  Moulmein,  probably  at  the  foot  of 
Moolayit,  a  peak  5000  feet  in  height,  in  the  Dawnat  range  The 
type  IS,  I  believe,  m  the  Museum  of  the  Asiatic  Society  of  Bengal 
at  Calcutta,  but  I  have  not  seen  it ;  and  although  I  have  collecfed 
over  the  same  ground  as  Lunborg  I  have  never  procured  this 
Pompilus. 

VOL.  I. 


M 


162 


POMPILIDjE. 


*319.  Pompilus  zebra,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iy,  1801, 
pp.  460  &  475,  pi.  iii,  tig.  27. 

"  Black,  the  mandibles,  apex  of  clypeus,  inner  orbits  of  the 
eyes  to  near  the  top  broadly,  the  outer  narrowly,  a  broad  band  on 
tiie  pronotum,  tegulse,  the  abdomen  with  a  band  on  the  base  of 
the  2ud  segment,  the  3rd  entirely,  on  the  others  except  a  band  on 
the  base  of  the  4th,  the  apex  of  the  femora  broadly,  the  tibise  and 
tarsi,  and  the  antennae  dull  ferruginous ;  the  head  and  thorax 
bearing  long  white  hairs.    Head  a  little  wider  than  the  thorax ; 
the  eyes  arcuate  above,  the  rest  parallel ;  ocelli  in  a  triangle,  sepa- 
rated" from  each  other  by  about  the  same  distance  that  they  are 
from  the  eyes.    Clypeus  short,  rounded  at  the  apex.    Prothorax  a 
little  longer  than  the  head,  narrowed  gradually  towards  the  base. 
Median  segment  about  as  long  as  the  prothorax,  gradually  rounded 
to  the  apex ;  the  apical  half  bearing  a  dense  covering  of  white 
hair.    Abdomen  semisessiie,  a  little  longer  than  the  head  and 
thorax  united;  its  apex  moderately  acute;  the  apica,l  segment 
aciculate.     Legs  densely  pruinose,  stout,  the  tibiae  with  reddish 
spines  -widely  separated,  the  three  middle  being  the  longest; 
the  long  white  spur  of  the  hind  tibiae  reaches  beyond  the 
middle  of  the  metatarsus.    Claws  with  a  thick  basal  tooth.  There 
is  no  apparent  sculpture  on  the  body;  there  is  a  narrow  furrow 
in  the  centre  of  the  front;  the  occiput  convex.    The  stigma  is 
obscure  testaceous  ;  the  hind  wings  are  only  infuscated  at  the 
apex. 

"Length  10-11  mm. 
"Hab.  Shillong." 

*320.  Pompilus  comptus,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  425,  $ :  Smith,  Cat. 
iii,  p.  144 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  457. 

»  Antennae  blackish,  tinted  with  red  below.    Head  black,  base 
of  the  mandibles  reddish ;  the  clypeus  and  front  almost  up  to  the 
antennse  covered  with  a  silky,  silvery  pile ;  above  this  the  orbits 
of  the  eyes  up  to  the  vertex  reddish.    Thorax  black,  the  pro- 
thorax, the  metathorax  above,  and  scutellum  reddish.  Abdomen 
black,  with  silvery  pile  ;  2nd,  3rd,  4tb,  and  5th  segments  with  an 
oval  black  mark  on  each  side,  these  spots  nearly  meeting  above. 
Legs  black,  clothed  with  silvery  pile.    Wings  somewhat  fuscous, 
chiefly  at  the  apex  and  along  the  posterior  margm.    The  whole 
insect  is  covered  with  this  silvery  pile,  but  only  such  portions 
have  been  noted  as  are  conspicuous,  from  the  density  of  the 
pile     Prothorax  rather  long,  nearly  square,  its  posterior  border 
angularly  emarginate.    Metathorax  rather  long,  bearing  a  longi- 
tudinally impressed  line,  squarely  truncate  posteriorly,  with  two 
large  and  semicircular  fosettes.      Third  cubital  ceU  narrowed 
towards  the  radial,  smaller  than  the  second.  Female. 
"Hah.  India." 


POMPILUa. 


163 


*321.  Pompilus  moBstus. 

Pompilus  aiTogans,  Smith,  271(1  Yark.  Miss.,  Hym.  1878  p  14  2 
(nec  Smith,  'D-ans.  lint.  Soc.  1873,  p.  187,  $  ).  >  f     >  ^ 

"  $  .  P.  ater,  abdominis  basi  rufo-ferruginea,  alis  anticis  fiiscis 
"  Black,  the  head  subopaque  and  finely  longitudinally  rugulose  • 
the  anterior  margin  of  the  clypeus  slightly  rounded,  the  mandibles 
rufo-piceous  at  their  apex.    Thorax  slightly  shining  above  and 
having  a  thm  grey  sericeous  pile  ;  the  metathorax  concave  ii  the 
middle  posteriorly:  the  anterior  wings  fuscous,  palest  at  their 
base ;  the  posterior  pair  hyaline,  with  the  apex  slightly  clouded  • 
the  second  submarginal  cell  subquadrate,  the  third  longer  than 
the  second  and  slightly  narrowed  towards  tlie  marginal  cell  •  the 
tarsi  thickly  spinose,  the  tibiae  with  a  few  scattered  spines  •  the 
tips  of  the  claws  of  the  tarsi  ferruginous.    Abdomen  :  the  three 
basal  segments  terruginous,  the  apical  margin  of  the  third  and  the 
toliowing  segments  black.    Female,  length  6  lines 

Sei'tfmber?™''  ^""^  ^"^^^^    ^^'^"^  ^"S'^^* 

*322.  Pompilus  atripes,  Smith,  2nd  Yark.  Miss.,  Hym.  p.  14,  J 

"5.  P.  nigerj  abdomine  ferrugineo,  apice  nigro;  alis  fuscis  • 
antennis  crassis.  ' 

"Black;  the  head  smooth  and  shining,  very  finely  punctured  • 
the  antennae  much  thicker  in  the  middle  than  is  usual  in  the 
genus.  Thorax  finely  pilose,  shining,  and  finely  punctured  above  • 
the  posterior  margin  of  the  prothorax  angulated  ;  the  metathorax 
smooth  and  shmmg,  with  a  central  impressed  line  not  quite  ex 
tending  to  the  apex ;  wings  fuscous,  clearer  towards  their  base  • 
kgs  entire  y  black,  as  are  also  the  spines  and  calcaria  that  arm  the 
tibise  at  their  apex  ;  tibiaj  only  very  slightly  spinose.  Abdomen 

jriti:nithtrE(?L!r  "  ~ 

"  Hah.  Murree,  Punjab  hills." 

Unknown  to  me  but,  so  far  as  the  description  goes,  veiT  close 
to  the  same  author's  P.  reflewus,  if  not  identical  with  it.  ^ 

^<ym.~Pomp^usdivi^us  Smith,  described  in  the  same  work  as 
coming  from  the  Smd  valley,  Kashmir,  proved  when  set  oiit  ?J 

' Aid7k;&%.^^  '-'''''-'^ 


"  Black,  the  basal  two  segments  entirely  and  thp  Tin=ni  + 
thirds  of  the  third  red  ;  the  fead  and  thorax'  dense  J'coveS  with 
grey  pile;  the  wings  fusco-violaceous,  the  base  to  the  tmmZ^se 
basal  nervure  subhyaline.     Eyes  arcuate,  distinctly  conrgTng 


164 


POMPILID^. 


beneath.  Ocelli  large,  in  a  curve,  separated  from  each  other  by  a 
much  greater  distance  than  they  are  from  the  eyes ;  the  anterior 
in  a  pit ;  and  an  oblique  short  furrow  runs  from  the  posterior. 
Clypeus  short,  subarcuate.  The  head  almost  hoary,  with  a  greyish- 
white  pubescence ;  on  the  top  it  is  shorter,  convex  in  front,  con- 
cave behind.  Occiput  convex.  Prothorax  longer  than  the  iiead, 
longer  than  broad,  narrowed  towards  the  head  ;  at  apex  angled  in 
the  centre.  Median  segment  as  long  as  the  prothorax  ;  witli  a 
very  slight  slope  above,  the  sides  at  the  apex  projecting  into  a 
longish  sharp  triangular  tooth.  Abdomen  sessile,  longer  than  the 
head  and  thorax  imited,  pruinose  ;  the  apical  segment  impunctate. 
Antennte  short,  about  as  long  as  the  thorax,  stout.  Legs  densely 
pruinose ;  the  hinder  tibite  sparsely  spined ;  the  hind  tibiae  not 
much  longer  than  the  metatarsus  ;  the  long  spur  of  the  hind  tibiae 
reaches  to  the  middle  of  the  latter.  CJaws  bifid  at  apex;  the 
tarsi  without  a  brush." 

Hab.  Barrackpore.  , 
No  measurements  are  given  nor  is  the  sex  mentioned,  ihe 
species  is  unknown  to  me. 

*324.  Pompilus  beatus.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891 , 
pp.  457  &  473,  pi.  iii,  fig.  22. 
"  Black ;  the  pronotum  with  a  broad  yellow  band ;  the  three 
basal  segments  of  the  abdomen,  except  the  apex  laterally  of  the 
third,  red;  wings  fusco-violaceous.    Head  small,  narrower  than 
the  thorax,  convex  in  front,  and  to  a  less  extent  behind.  Eyes 
sharply  arcuate  at  the  top,  reaching  well  back  behind  laterally ; 
converging  a  httle  below.    Ocelli  in  a  curve,  separated  from  the 
eyes  by  a  less  distance  than  they  are  from  each  other.  Head 
longish  from  the  front  view,  the  clypeus  being  produced  below 
the  eye  ;  its  apex  transverse.    Clypeus  and  cheeks  covered  with  a 
dense  silvery  pubescence.    A  narrow  furrow  on  the  front.  Pro- 
thorax a  little  longer  than  the  head,  broadly  arcuate  behind, 
narrowed  a  little  towards  the  head.     Median  segment  with  a 
gradual  slope,  and  with  a  transverse  ridge  at  the  apex.  Abdomen 
tessile,  very  gradually  and  shgbtly  narrowed  towards  the  apex, 
pruinose  ;  the  two  apical  segments  densely  covered  with  silvery 
pubescence.     Legs  stout,  the  hinder  tibiae  with  the  spines  of 
moderate  thickness  and  length  ;  the  long  spur  of  the  hind  tibiffi 
reaching  close  to  the  apex  of  the  metatarsus.    Antennae  short, 
stout,  tapering  towards  the  apex.    Second  (?  third)  cubital  cellule 

subpetiolate.  t  \» 

"  Hah.  Bangalore,  South  India  (Indian  Museum,  Ualcutta). 

325.  Pompilus  bracatus,  Binffh.  Jour.  Bomb.  Nat.  Hist.  Soc.  v,  1890, 
p.  236,  ?  (non  d ) ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv, 
1891,  p.  457. 

0    Smooth,  pruinose;  the  clypeus  subconvex,  its  anterior 
margin  boldly  arched,  posterior  transverse,  bismuate;  the  eyes 


POMPILUS. 


165 


convergent,  above  about  half  the  width  apart  that  they  are  belo\\', 
the  front  with  an  impressed  line  from  the  anterior  ocellus  to 
between  the  antennas;  mesonotum  with  a  longitudinal  short 
furrow  close  to  each  tegiila;  median  segment  with  a  rounded 
slope  posteriorly,  its  apical  margin  recurved;  legs  with  the  tibiiB 
and  tarsi  thickly  spinose,  claws  unidentate  at  base  below ;  abdomen 
pseudosessile.  Velvety  black ;  wings  fuscous,  with  a  broad  dark 
apical  margin  ;  the  middle  of  the  wings  obliquely  subhyaline,  with 
a  yellowish  tint,  nervures  fuscous  ;  tegulte  ferruginous  ;  head 
(except  a  fuscous  mark  round  and  below  the  ocelli),  a  broad  stripe 
on  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  a  spot  on  the  scutellum, 
and  the  apical  half  of  the  femora,  with  the  tibia?  and  tarsi,  ferru- 
ginous ;  the  apex  of  the  antenna;  and  the  last  two  joints  of  the 
tarsi  fuscous ;  abdomen  covered  with  a  short,  dense,  soft,  velvety 
pile.  The  S  differs  in  having  less  of  the  ferruginous  colour  about 
it,  and  in  the  tibias  and  tarsi  being  less  spinose. 

Hah.  Sikhim ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim ;  Japan.    2  .  Lengili  16- 19  ; 
exp.  28-35  mm.     d"  somewhat  smaller. 

326.  PompilxiS  daedalus,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  429. 

$ .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining ;  clypeus 
convex,  subtriangular,  its  anterior  margin  very  slightly  rounded, 
nearly  transverse  ;  the  inner  margin  of  the  eyes  distinctly  curved 
outwards  ;  a  well-marked  impressed  line  from*  the  anterior  ocellus 
to  between  the  bases  of  the  antennas;  the  occiput  transverse, 
almost  emarginate  ;  the  sides  of  the  mesonotum  raised,  and  a  short 
shallow  longitudinal  furrow  on  each  side  above  the  tegulaj ;  the 
scutellum  prominent;  the  median  segment  short,  truncated  at 
apex,  the  truncation  with  obscure  transverse  strife;  legs  stout; 
the  tibiae  and  tarsi  spinose;  abdomen  pseudosessile,  obscurely 
pruinose.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  black ;  the  antennas,  and 
the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  all  the  legs  piceous  brown ;  wings  fuscous 
brown,  the  apex  of  the  radial  cell  in  the  fore  wing  acutely  angled, 
the  2nd  and  3rd  cubital  cells  subequal,  the  posterior  margins 
of  the  segments  of  the  abdomen  narrowly  testaceous. 

Hah.  Sikhim ;  Tenasserim.    $  .  Length  15-19  ;  e^p.  28-36  mm. 

327.  Pompilus  canifrons,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  146,  $ . 

Priocnemis  canifrons,  SmitA,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1867,  p.  354. 
Pompilus  atropos,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  146. 
Salius  canifrons,  Cam.  Metn.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  U)  iv  1891 
p.  450.  V  /     >  > 

5 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  pruinose ;  clypeus 
transverse,  its  anterior  margin  slightly  arched  and  curved  down- 
wards ;  the  scutellum  large,  compressed  at  the  sides ;  the  median 
segment  short,  with  a  steep,  slightly  rounded  slope  to  its  apex 
bearing  an  obscure  longitudinal  medial  furrow,  which  does  not 
extend  to  the  apex ;  legs  stout,  the  tibiiB  and  tarsi  spinose,  the 


166 


rOMPILIDjB. 


claws  unidentate  at  base  below,  not  bifid  ;  abdomen  sessile,  acumi- 
nate at  apex.  Black  ;  the  wings  dark  fuscous,  witli  a  purple 
effidgence  ;  the  clypeus,  median  segment,  coxas,  trochanters,  and 
base  of  tbe  femora  with  a  thin  silvery  pile ;  the  abdomen  with 
bands  of  cinereous  pile  at  the  base  of  the  Ist-Sth  segments  above 
and  below,  the  apical  segment  entirely  covered  with  cinereous 
pile  and  studded  with  stiff  black  hairs.  The  form  of  the  median 
segment  varies,  it  is  sometimes  long  with  the  apex  rounded,  steep, 
almost  truncate ;  the  cinereous  bauds  on  the  abdomen  are  also  in 
some  specimens  abraded  more  or  less,  or  completely  wanting. 

Hah.  India  ;  Burma ;  Teuasserim  ;  Sumatra.     5  •  Length  15- 
3  9  ;  exp.  29-38  mm. 

328.  Pompilus  simillimus,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  149,  $ . 

$  .  Closely  resembles  P.  canifrons  and  P.  perplexm,  Smith ; 
differs  in  the  median  segment  being  square  not  rounded,  its 
lateral  angles  being  produced  into  tubercles,  and  its  posterior  face 
being  markedly  concave.  Lilte  canifrons,  this  species  is  black, 
with  bands  of  plumbeous  grey  pile  at  the  base  of  the  segments  of 
the  abdomen;  wings  fuscous, "the  2nd  and  3rd  cubital  cells  equal. 

Mab.  Calcutta.     $  .  Length  13  ;  exp.  26  miUim. 

The  type  and  only  specimen  I  have  seen  is  in  the  collection  of 
the  British  Museum  j  South  Kensington. 

*329.  Pompilus  ignobilis,  Sauss.  Novara  Reise,  Hym.  p.  60,  ? ;  Cam. 
Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  459. 

"  2  .  Somewhat  stout,  smooth.  Head  compressed,  well  separated 
from  the  thorax  ;  oceUi  in  a  triangle,  and  therefore  placed  slightly 
on  the  slope  of  the  vertex ;  clypeus  short,  transverse,  a  httle 
arcuately  emargiuate.     Tront  sulcate,  not  at  all  or  but  very 
slightly  tubercuiate  above  the  antennae.    Eyes  subarcuate,  con- 
verging at  top.     Pronotum  anteriorly  broadly  round,  posteriorly 
arched.    Scutellum  level  in  the  middle,  narrowed  posteriorly. 
Metathorax  smooth,  short,  roundly  truncate,  furrowed,  the  anterior 
lobe  bidden,  smooth  on  either  side  ;  no  tubercles  on  the  stigmata. 
Abdomen  ovato-conical,  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax,  the  2nd 
and  3rd  segments  triangularly  depressed  on  the  margin.  Body 
not  pubescent,  but  pruinose  ;  head,  pronotum,  and  thorax  below 
somewhat  cinereous  ;  the  clypeus  and  the  lower  part  of  the  face 
silvery  •  labrum  fusco-testaceous ;  the  pleurte,  metanotum,  antennae, 
legs,  and  abdomen  with  bluish-purple  pile;  the  last  at  apex  and 
below  with  black  hairs.    The  intermediate  and  posterior  tibim 
strongly  spinose  in  rows,  the  tarsi  spinose,  beneath  with  dense 
minute  spines  ;  claws  armed  beneath  with  an  erect  tooth  Wings 
fusco-violaceous,  iridescent,  the  apex  submarginaUy  marked  by  a 
pale  arched  line,  the  extreme  apex  purplish :  radial  cell  lanceolate, 
the  apex  acute  ;  2nd  cubital  cell  much  broader  than  high,  receiving 
the  1st  recurrent  nervure  nearly  at  the  apex;  the  3rd  cubital  cell 


POMPILUS. 


167 


a  little  in  shape  of  a  trapezium,  receiving  the  2nd  recurrent  nervure 
a  little  beyond  the  middle ;  the  2nd  transverse  cubital  nervure 
oblique. 

''Hah.  Ceylon.     ?.  Length  19;  M;in.(7  16  millim." 

330.  Pompilus  perplexus,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  147,  ? . 

Priocnemis  perplexus,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1867,  p.  354. 
Pompilus  lachesis.  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hyvi.  B.  M.  p.  146. 
Saliu.s  perplexus.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Fh.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 
p.  45-2. 

? .  Closely  resembles  P.  canifrons,  but  is  a  shghter,  smaller 
insect  altogether,  the  anterior  margin  of  the  clypeus  is  more 
arched,  the  thorax  longer  in  proportiou,  the  median  segment  more 
rounded  posteriorly,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  the  legs  less  spinose,  and 
the  abdomen  more  cylindrical  in  form.  Black ;  the  wings  light 
fuscous,  somewhat  hyahne  at  base ;  abdomen  with  a  purple  bloom 
seen  only  in  certain  lights. 

Ifab.  Sikhim;  Tenasserim  ;  Sumatra.  2.  Length  11-14;  exp. 
22-27  mm.     d  somewhat  smaller  and  slighter. 

*331.  Pompilus  parthenope,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv, 
1891,  pp.  459  &  476. 

"Black,  the  wings  fusco-violaceous.  Eyes  almost  parallel. 
Ocelh  separated  from  the  eyes  by  a  distinctly  greater  distance  than 
they  are  from  each  other.  Clypeus  with  the  sides  rounded,  the 
middle  slightly  waved  and  margined.  Head  moderately  well- 
developed  behind  the  eyes ;  the  occiput  a  little  concave.  Pro- 
notum  hardly  so  long  as  the  head ;  the  sides  rounded.  Median 
segments  (segment  ?)  a  little  longer  than  the  prothorax,  having  a 
gradually  rounded  slope  to  the  apex ;  the  middle  with  a  wide 
shallow  furrow  ;  alutaceous,  covered  with  a  fulvons  down.  Abdo- 
men shining;  the  petiole  becoming  gradually  wider  towards  the 
apex,  so  that  it  is  then  more  than  twice  the  width  of  the  base. 
Apical  segment  rugose,  thickly  covered  with  stiff  hairs.  The 
second  cubital  cellule  at  the  top  more  than  twice  the  length  of  the 
third,  at  the  bottom  equal  in  length  to  it;  the  third  at  the  top 
about  one-third  the  length  of  the  bottom  ;  third  transverse 
cubital  nervure  with  a  gradual  curve  to  the  top  ;  the  first  recurrent 
nervure  is  received  near  the  apex,  the  second  a  little  beyond  the 
middle.  Legs  pruinose;  the  spines  sparse  ;  the  longyomJ  (sic)  of 
the  hind  tibiae  short,  not  reaching  the  middle  of  the  metatarsus. 

''Hab.  South-east  Provinces  (Madras).     Length  15  mm." 

332.  Pompilus  bioculatus,  Bingh.  Joum.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  431. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  pruinose  ;  the  clypeus 
subconvex,  its  anterior  margin  arched,  its  posterior  nearly  trans- 
verse; the  scutellum  large,  compressed  at  the  sides;  the  median 


168 


TOMPILID^. 


segment  short,  with  a  rounded  truncation  posteriorly  ;  legs  with  the 
tibijB  and  tarsi  spinose,  the  spines  short,  stout,  and 
scattered  ;  claws  unideutate  at  base  below  ;  abdo- 
men pseudosessile.    Black  ;  the  head,  except  an 
irregular  black  mark  on  the  front  reaching  the 
base  of  the  anteunffi,  a  broad  stripe  on  the  pos- 
terior margin  of  the  pronotum,  a  square  spot 
at  the  apex  of  the  mesonotum,  the  scutellum 
in  the  middle,  the  legs,  except  the  coxae,  tro- 
chanters, base  of   the  femora,  and  the  apical 
Fig.  m.—Pompi-    joints  of  the  tai-si,  and  two  linear  spots  at  the 
Ills  bwculatus,    ijjjgg  Qf  tije  2nd  segment  of  the  abdomen,  ferru- 
^"   ^"  ginous  red;  wings  ferruginous,  with  their  apical 

borders  broadly  fuscous.    The  spots  on  the  abdomen  are  sometimes 
obsolete. 

Hah.   Sikhim,  Burma,  extending  to  China  and  Japan.  ?. 
Length  12-17  ;  exp.  30-35  mm.     d  somewhat  smaller. 

333.  Pompilus  unifasciatus.    (PI.  I,  %•  7.) 

Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  145,  $  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soe.  (4)  iv, 

Pompiliis'exortivus,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1873,  p.  188,  $ . 

9  Head,  pro-  and  mesothorax  smooth,  very  slightly  pubescent ; 
median  seginent  covered  with  a  thin  soft  pubescence,  posteriorly 
rounded,  with  a  steep  slope  to  the  apex  ;  legs  with  the  tibiae  and 
tarsi  stoutly  spinose ;  abdomen  pruiuose,  with  a  thm  covering  of 
short  recumbent  hairs.  Ferruginous  red,  with  a  sUky  lustre  in 
certain  lights  ;  the  wings  ferruginous  yellow,  broadly  fuscous  at 
anex  •  three  or  four  of  the  apical  joints  of  the  intermediate  and 
posterior  tarsi  and  the  abdomen  black,  the  latter  has  a  transverse 
fascia  at  the  base  of  the  2nd  and  the  whole  of  the  apical  segment 
ferruginous.  A  variety  has  the  pro-  and  mesonotum  marked  with 
vellow  over  the  ferruginous,  others  have  the  median  segment 
shaded  with  fuscous,  and  occasionally  the  basal  segment  ot  the 
abdomen  will  have  stains  of  ferruginous  red. 

Hab.  India,  Burma,  Malacca,  China,  and  Japan.     ?.  Length 
23-26  ;  eccp.  45-48  mm.     d  somewhat  smaller. 

334.  Pompilus  alicise,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  431,  pi.  xix, 
figs.  5,  5  a. 

Q  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  very  slightly  pruinose ; 
clvpeus  broader  than  high,  convex,  slightly  projecting,  somewhat 
emareinate  anteriorly  in  the  middle;  protborax  squarish  in  Iront, 
the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum  arched;  median  segment 
rounded,  with  a  very  steep  slope  to  the  apex;  legs  stout,  the 
tibiae  and  tarsi  spinose,  the  spines  long  and  irregular ;  abdomen 
snhsessile  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax  united,  its  apical 
segment  studded  with  stiff  hairs.  Black,  the  basal  two-thirds  of 
the  clvpeus,  the  front  and  vertex,  the  scape  of  the  anteuna3,  a 
broad  line  on  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  a  square  spot 


POMPILUS. 


169 


at  tlie  apex  of  the  mesonotiim,  the  centre  of  the  scutellum  and  of 
the  postscutellum,  and  the  tibial  and  tarsi  of  the  legs  ferruginous 
yellow ;  wings  ferruginous,  broadly  infuscated  at  apex,  the  nervures 
and  teguIsB  ferruginous  ;  abdomen  black,  with  a  broad  abbreviated 
ferruginous  line  at  the  bases  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments  above, 
the  apical  segment  with  pale  yellow  silky  pile  and  a  few  long 
ferruginous  hairs. 

Bab.  Mergui ;  South  Tenasserim.    $  .  Length  20  ;  exp.  36  mm. 

B.  Ebeeeola  Group. — Second  ventral  segment  with  a 
transverse  furrow. 

335.  Pompilus  rothneyi,    Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv, 

1891,  pp.  460  &  463,  pi.  iii,  fig.  9. 
?  Pompilus  hero,  Cam.  t.  c.  pp.  459  &  466,  pi.  iii,  fig.  12. 

$  .  Closely  resembles  P.  pedestris.  Smith,  differs  in  structure  in 
the  following  points  : — the  clypeus  is  broader,  its  anterior  margin 
being  transverse ;  in  pedestris  the  anterior  margin  is  oblique  at  the 
sides  and  widely  emarginate  in  the  middle ;  the  prouotum  is  longer 
with  a  more  gradual  slope  anteriorly,  the  median  segment  is 
slightly  longer,  and  the  abdomen  more  sessile  and  thicker  at  base. 
In  colour  P.  rothneyi  has  the  flagellam  of  the  antennae  below  and 
the  posterior  femora  and  tibife  black  instead  of  red,  and  there  is 
no  yellow  fascia  on  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum.  The 
two  species  exist  together,  but,  so  far  as  I  have  been  able  to 
observe,  P.  rothneyi  frequents  the  thickest  forest,  while  pedestris  is 
to  be  found  in  the  open  and  occasionally  comes  into  houses. 

Hah.  Sikhim  ;  Barrackpore,  Bengal ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim  ; 
Ceylon.  $  .  Length  11-14;  e.vp.  20-24  mm.  6  .  Length  7-12  ; 
e.vp.  21-23  mm. 

336.  Pompilus  pedestris,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  147. 
Priocnemis  pedestris,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1867,  p.  354. 

Salius  pedestris,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv.  1891. 
p.  452.  ^  ^    '  ' 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  prninose  ;  the  clypeus 
transverse,  its  anterior  margin  widely  emarginate;  the  front 
of  the  face  flat ;  the  median  segment  compressed  at  the  sides, 
subconvex,  nearly  level  above,  posteriorly  emarginate ;  legs  with 
the  tarsi  spinose,  the  spines  stout  and  scattered;  claws  bifid; 
abdomen  pseudosessile.  Black,  covered  M-ith  a  dense  silvery-grey 
pile,  the  black  colour  showing  through  on  the  vertex  of  the  head, 
as  a  broad  interrupted  subapical  fascia  on  the  posterior  border  of 
the  pronotum,  and  as  bands  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the 
segments  of  the  abdomen;  wings  fusco-hyaline,  with  a  broad 
apical  fuscous  margin,  the  disc  yellowish,  the  nervures  and  tegulse 
testaceous;  the  intermediate  femora  narrowly  close  to  the  apex, 
and  the  apex  of  the  posterior  femora  and  tibiaj  blood-red. 

ffab.  India,  Burma,  Tenasserim,  extending  to  Sumatra.  2 
Length  10-13 ;  exp.  22-24  mm. 


170 


POMPILIDjE, 


337.  Pompilus  earner onii,  Bingh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  II.  Soc.  viii,  1893, 
p.  378,  pi.  i,  fig.  6. 
Ferreola  fenestrata,  Bingh.  (nec  Smith)  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc. 
V,  1890,  p.  239,  5  (S  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv, 
1891,  p.  460. 

2.  Pruinose;  the  head  convex  in  front;  the  clypeus  oval,  its 
sides  oblique,  its  anterior  margin  transverse  in  the  middle ;  pro- 
thorax  long,  anteriorly  sharply  truncate,  its 
posterior  margin  transverse  above ;  median  seg- 
ment with  the  middle  and  sides  raised,  sulcated 
between  the  raised  portions  and  also  bearing  a 
medial  longitudinally  impressed  line,  its  posterior 
margin  deeply  emarginate,  the  emargination 
longitudinally  striate ;  legs  with  the  tibiss  and 
tarsi  slightly  spinose  ;  abdomen  smooth,  pruinose. 
Black,  an  abbreviated  line  along  the  inner  orbits 
of  the  eyes  yellow ;  the  pro-  and  mesonotum 
brick-red  ;  the  median  segment,  legs,  and  abdo- 
men with  a  heautiful  iridescent  pile,  vivid  purple  and  blue  in  certain 
lights  ;  wings  fuscous,  the  base  of  the  fore  wing  and  the  hind 
wing  for  more  than  half  its  length  hyaline. 

(S  similar,  but  with  the  anterior  margin  of  the  clypeus  broadly 
yellow. 

Hob.  Burma  (Eangoon;  Pegu);  Tenasserim. 
exp.  26  mm.     c?  .  Lenglh  11 ;  e.rp.  17  mm. 


Fig.  37. — Pompilus 
cameronii,  ^.  \. 


$.  Length  17; 


338.  Pompilus  circe,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 


Fen-eok"  fenestrata.  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  169,  ?  (nec  Smith,  Pompilus 
fenestratus,  Cat.  iii,  p.  144). 
5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pruinose ;  head  sessile,  convex 
in  front,  concave  posteriorly;  clypeus  small,  almost  crescentic ; 
the  base  of  the  antenna  very  low  down  on  the  face  immediately 
above  the  clypeus;  the  flagellum  thick,  subfusiform,  porrect ; 
pronotum  very  long,  cylindrical,  its  posterior  margin  transverse  ; 
scutellum  large  and  prominent ;  median  segment  long,  the  sides 
flattened  above,  nearly  level,  only  slightly  convex,  the  apex 
depressed  and  deeply  concave,  the  sides  forming  tubercular  pro- 
iections  ;  legs  with  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  slightly  prumose  ;  abdomen 
vertically  flattened.  Black,  the  thorax  posteriorly  and  the 
abdomen  with  obscure  purple  tints  in  certain  Ughts  ;  the  clypeus 
and  front  with  silvery  pile  ;  the  pronotum  ferruginous  red  :  wmgs 
hyaline  at  base  for  half  their  length ;  beyond  fuscous,  with  a 

purple  effulgence.  ,  ,  j- 

S  similar  but  smaller,  and  with  the  prothorax  and  median 
segment  longer  in  proportion. 

Eab.  India ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim.    ?  .  Length  13 :        20  mm. 
cJ .  Length  11 ;  exp.  20  mm. 


POMPIIiUS. 


171 


339.  Pompilus  ilus,  Bimjh.  Jow.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  viii,  1893,  p.  378, 

pi.  i,  a^.  7. 

Ferreola  tasciata,  Bmqh.  (nec  Smith)  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  v, 

1890,  p.  241. 

Pompilus  fasciatus.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 
p.  458. 

5 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  but  very  sparsely 
punctured  and  slightly  pruinose ;  clypeus  subtriangular,  widely 
emarginate  anteriorly,  the  sides  rounded ;  the  median  segment 
compressed  at  the  sides,  subconvex,  almost  level  above,  its  posterior 
face  deeply  concave,  with  the  sides  produced  into  sharp  tubercles ; 
legs  with  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  having  only  a  very  few  minute 
spines;  abdomen  pseudosessile.  Black,  the  abdomen  with  a  purple 
bloom  and  bands  of  silvery  pile  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the 
lst-4th  segments  :  wings  hyaline  for  half  their  length,  the  apical 
half  fuscous ;  nervures  and  tegulae  black. 

Hah.  Burma ;  Tenasserim.  $ .  Length  27 ;  exp.  38  mm. 
(S  much  smaller  and  slighter.    Length  15  ;  exp.  27  mm. 

340.  Pompilus  dimidiatipennis. 

Ferreola  dimidiatipennis,  Smiss.  Hym.  d,  Nov.  Beise,  p.  46,  J . 
Fen-eola  greenii,  Bingh.  Jour.  Bom.  N.  H.  Son.  1890,  p.  240,  5 . 
Pompilus  dimidiatipennis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv, 

1891,  p.  458. 

$  .  Pruinose ;  the  head  small,  sessile  with  the  thorax ;  clypeus 
vertical,  nearly  flat  anteriorly,  semicircular ;  pronotum  short,  its 
anterior  and  posterior  margins  both  nearly  transverse ;  scutellum 
large,  prominent,  laterally  compressed ;  median  segment  flattish 
above,  concave  posteriorly,  the  sides  produced  backwards ;  legs 
short,  stoujt,  with  a  few  irregular  spines ;  abdomen  vertically 
compressed,  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax  together.  Black  or 
rather  obscure  deep  blue ;  the  head,  the  pronotum,  mesonotum, 
scutellum,  and  a  line  on  the  postscutellum  covered  with  silvery 
pile. ;  the  median  segment  and  abdomen  with  a  rich  dark  violet 
pUe :  wings  silvery  hyaline  for  half  their  length  from  base,  the 
apical  half  dark  fuscous,  with  a  brilliant  purple  effulgence ;  ner- 
vures and  tegulae  black.  A  variety  (greenii,  Bingh.)  has  the  front 
over  the  base  of  the  antennae  strikingly  tuberculate. 
Hab.  Ceylon.     $  .  Length  17-20 ;  exp.  29  mm. 

341.  Pompilus  hecate,  Cain.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 

pp.  458  &  462,  pi.  iii,  fig.  8. 

"  5 .  Black,  pruinose,  the  face  densely  covered  with  a  silvery 
pile ;  the  wings  hyahne,  the  apex  infuscated.  Eyes  broadly 
arcuate,  a  little  converging  beneath  ;  ocelli  large,  almost  forming  a 
triangle,  the  posterior  separated  from  each  other  by  a  greater 
distance  than  they  are  from  the  eyes.  Clypeus  short,  transverse, 
the  sides  rounded.  Head  behind  very  little  developed  and  almost 
transverse.  Prothorax  not  much  longer  than  the  head,  almost 
transverse  behind,  not  much  narrowed  in  front.    Median  part  of 


172 


POMPIIilD^. 


scuteilum  narrowed  distinctly  towards  the  apex  ;  median  segment 
longer  than  the  mesotliorax,  depressed  in  the  middle  at  apex,  the 
laterally  produced  angles  broad,  short.  Abdominal  segments  with 
a  broad  belt  of  silvery  pruinose  pubescence.  Legs  moderately 
long  ;  the  hinder  tibias  with  few  spines — longish  and  black.  The 
transverse  basal  nsrvure  is  not  interstitial. 

"  Length  7  mm. 

"  Hah.  Barrackpore." 

The  type  and  only  specimen  in  Mr.  Eothney's  collection  is  now 
without  a  head  and  otherwise  damaged ;  I  have  therefore  quoted 
Mr.  Cameron's  original  description  in  f  uU. 

342.  Pompilus  mirandus. 

Feneola  mlranda,  Sauss.  Novara  Beisc,  Hym.  p.  49,  fig.  30,  ?  . 
Pompilus  miranda,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 
p.  459. 

5  .  Head  broader  than  the  thorax,  smooth  ;  clypeus  transverse, 
anteriorly  concavo-truncate ;  pronotum  transverse,  broadly  square, 
angularly  emarginate  posteriorly ;  scuteilum  somewhat  compressed 
in  the  middle  ;  median  segment  long,  the  apex  slightly  narrowed, 
roundly  truncate,  above  transversely  striate  and  furrowed,  pos- 
teriorly above  emarginate,  the  lateral  angles  produced  ;  abdomen 
compressed,  long,  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax  united;  legs 
slender,  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibiaj  armed  with  a  few 
spines.  Blackish  plumbeous,  with  a  silvery  pile  :  \inngs  hyahne, 
uervures  fuscous,  the  apex  beyond  the  radial  cell  m  fore  wing 
infuscate;  radial  cell  short  beneath,  the  radial  nervure  almost 
concave  in  the  middle,  base  and  apex  acutely  angled ;  2nd  cubital 
cell  broad,  oblique  on  the  inner  side ;  3rd  cubital  cell  much  smaller, 
much  arched  outwardly  at  base  and  apex ;  2ud  cubital  cell  receives 
the  1st,  and  the  3rd  cubital  cell  the  'And  recurrent  nervure  in  the 
middle  respectively;  both  cubital  and  discoidal  nervures  stop 
short  of  the  margin  of  the  wing. 

Hab.  TrincomaU,  Ceylon.     ?  .  Length  5 ;  wing  4  mm. 

343.  Pompilus  myrmecoides,  n.  sp. 

9  Very  ant-like  in  shape  and  appearance  ;  head  and  thorax  in 
front"  strongly  aciculate  ;  median  segment  finely  rugulose  ;  abdomen 
smooth  and  shinmg,  very  finely  and  only  partially  aciculate;  head 
strongly  convex  in  front,  the  occiput  concave,  the  antenna  planted 
verv  low  down  on  the  front;  the  pronotum  very  long,  the  sides 
parallel  and  anteriorly  suddenly  narrowed  towards  the  head, 
posterior  margin  transverse;  mesonotum  and  scuteilum  very 
short ;  median  segment  rounded  posteriorly,  with  a  short  longitu- 
dinal furrow  at  base ;  legs  short,  the  coxae  and  femora  remarkably 
stout,  tibiffi  and  tarsi  with  very  minute  spines ;  abdomen  long, 
cvhndrical,  slightly  ciu-ved  downwards.  Dull  opaque  black;  the 
apical  segment  of  the  abdomen,  the  joints  of  the  tarsi  at  apex,  and 
the  tibial  calcaria  testaceous  :  wings  dark  fuscous  ;  tore  wing  a 
spot  in  the  medial  cell,  a  transverse  fascm  from  the  apex  of  ihe 


POMPILTJS. — CBBOPALBS. 


173 


1st  cubital  cell,  and  a  subapical  spot  beyond  the  radial  cell  lacteous 
white  ;  bind  wing  clear  hyaline. 

Bah.  Tenasserim.  ?  .  Length  11 ;  exp.  20  mm.  6  unknown. 
Type  in  British  Museum. 

344.  Pompilus  lusciosus,  n.  sp. 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  in  front  strongly  aciculate  ;  scutellum, 
posts'cutellum,  and  median  segment  transversely  striate ;  abdomen 
smooth  and  shining  ;  head  convex  anteriorly,  the  occiput  markedly 
concave,  the  clypeus  transverse,  very  narrow;  antennas  stout,  their 
bases  low  down  just  above  the  clypeus  ;  vertex  very  slightly  arched, 
nearly  flat,  the  ocelli  particularly  small  and  inconspicuous ;  pro- 
notura  and  median  segment  bot-h  much  lengthened,  subcylindrical, 
the  former  rounded  and  narrowed  towards  the  head,  the  latter 
abruptly  rounded  at  apex  ;  legs  stoutish,  the  tibias  and  tarsi  with 
minute"  spines  ;  abdomen  long,  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax 
together,  pseudosessile,  subcylindrical;  the  apical  segment  long 
and  acute  at  apex.  Head  and  abdomen  Black ;  thorax  dull  red ; 
the  scape,  the  basal  four  pmts  o£  the  flagellura  of  each  antenna, 
and  the  legs  fuscous  red,  the  tibial  spurs  testaceous:  wings 
fuscous;  fore  wing  with  a  large  spot  in  the  medial  cell,  an  oblique 
fascia  crossing  from  the  base  of  the  stigma  to  the  posterior  margin, 
and  the  apex  of  the  wing  milky  white ;  hind  wing  lighter  fuscous, 
nervures  and  tegulae  testaceous. 

Hah.  Ceylon.     $  .  Le.ngth  7  ;  exp.  12  mm. 

This  well-marked  little  species  is  a  typical  Ferreola,  a  genus 
which  merges  into  Pompilus. 

Genus  CEROPALES. 
Evania.  pt,  Fahr.  St/st.  Ent.  p.  345  (1775). 

Ceropales,  Latr.  Free,  caract.  gen.  Ins.  p.  123  (1796) ;  Fabr.  Syst. 
Piez.  p.  185  (1804)  ;  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  177  (1855) ;  Kohl,  Verh. 
sool.-hot.  Ges.  Wien,  1884,  p.  51. 


Fig.  38. — Ceropales pernix,  J. 

■  Type,  C.  maculata,  Eabr. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  with  the  labrum  exserted  beneath  the  clypeus ;  eyes 
reaching  up  to  the  base  of  the  mandibles  ;  antennae  in  the  §  like 


174 


POMPILIDJE. 


those  of  the  d  >  never  convolute.  Fore  wing  with  the  basal 
nervure  interstitial ;  three  cubital  cells,  the  2nd  receiving  the  Ist 
recurrent  nervure  before  the  middle,  the  3rd  the  2ud  recurrent 
nervure  after  the  middle,  the  cubital  and  discoidal  nervures 
both,  as  a  rule,  reaching  the  margin  of  the  wing ;  legs  long,  the 
posterior  pair  often  remarkably  so,  armature  feeble  or  wanting, 
the  fore  tibiaj  and  tarsi  not  ciliated ;  abdomen  short,  2iid  ventral 
segment  without  a  transverse  furrow ;  the  sting-sheath  in  the  $ 
sometimes  exserted. 

Nothing,  so  far  as  I  know,  has  been  ascertained  about  the  habits 
of  the  species  of  this  genus.  They  are  exceedingly  rare  in  India 
and  Burma,  where  I  have  collected. 


Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  "Wings  fuscous  or  fusco-hyaline. 

a.  Abdomen  yellow,  basal  margins  of  seg- 
ments fuscous  or  ferruginous   C.  ornata,  p.  174. 

h.  Abdomen    ferruginous,    basal  segment 

black   C.  fuscipennis,  p.  174. 

B.  Wings  flavo-hyaline,  apex  fuscous. 

a.  Abdomen    reddish   yellow,  with  rufo- 

fuscous  transverse  bands   C.Jlavo-picta,  p.  175. 

b.  Abdomen  yellow,  with  black  transverse 

bands   C.  annulitarsis,  p.  175. 

C.  "Wings  hyaline. 

a.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  testaceous 

yellow,  markings  brighter  yellow  ....     C.  pernix,  p.  176. 

b.  Head  and  thorax  black. 

a'.  Markings  on  clypeus,  sides  of  face, 

pronoium,  and  median  segment  white.    C.  alhovariegata,  p.  176. 
b'.  Markings  on  clypeus,  sides  of  face,  and 

pronotum  clear  yellow   C.  claripennis,  p.  176. 

345.  Ceropales  ornata,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  179,  5  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch. 
L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  434. 

"  5  .  Length  3|  lines  "  (8  mm.).  "  Head  yellow,  with  a  trans- 
verse fuscous  line  on  the  vertex.  Thorax  yellow  ;  the  mesothorax 
and  base  of  the  metathorax  black  or  fuscous,  the  former  has 
a  yellow  spot  in  the  middle ;  the  legs  yellow,  variegated  with 
ferruginous  stains  ;  the  wings  fusco-hyaline.  Abdomen  yellow, 
the  basal  margins  of  the  segments  ferruginous;  beneath  pale 
ferruginous,  sometimes  the  basal  margins  are  fuscous,  in  other 
examples  fusco-ferrugiuous. 

"  Hab.  India  (coll.  "W.  "W.  Saunders)." 

346  Ceropales  fuscipenuis.  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  179,  $  ;  Cam.  Mem. 
Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  432. 
"  5  .  Length  4  lines  "  (9  mm.).  "  Black,  the  orbits  of  the 
eyes  slightly  interrupted  at  their  vertex,  the  clypeus,  mandibles, 
and  scape  in  front  yeUow;  the  basal  half  of  the  llagellum  fulvous 
beneath.  Thorax,  the  prothorax  above,  the  tegulse,  and  legs  ferru- 
ginous ;  the  COXES  and  trochanters  black,  the  apical  joints  of  the 


CEEOrALES. 


175 


intermediate  and  posterior  tarsi   fuscous  ;   wings  subfuscous, 
nervures  fuscous.    Abdomen  ferruginous,  the  basal  segment  black. 
"  Hub.  India  (coll.  W.  W.  Saunders)." 

34:7.  Ceropales  flavo-picta,  Smith,  Cat.  iii,  p.  178,  S  ;  Cam.  Mem. 
Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891,  p.  434. 

"  c?  •  Length  6  lines  "  (13  mm.).  "  Head  yellow,  having  a  ferru- 
ginous stain  on  the  vertex  and  a  fuscous  spot  before  the  ocelli ; 
the  autennfe  ferruginous,  their  apex  fuscous  above ;  tips  of  the 
mandibles  ferruginous.  Thorax  beneath  and  also  the  sides  black  ; 
above  reddish  yellow ;  the  anterior  margin  of  the  prothorax  and 
a  stripe  passing  over  the  teguls3  fuscous  ;  the  lateral  marj^ins  of 
the  mefcathorax  fuscous  ;  wings  yellow,  their  extreme  apex  slightly 
fuscous ;  the  legs  pale  ferruginous,  the  coxae  and  trochanters 
fuscous.  Abdomen  reddish-yellow,  the  apical  margins  of  the 
segments  having  rufo-fuscous  fasciae. 

"  Hah.  India  (coll.  "W.  W.  Saunders)*." 

*348.  Ceropales  annulitarsis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv, 
1891,  p.  434. 

.  "  Yellow,  a  stripe  across  the  vertex  behind  the  eyes,  a  broad 
one  leading  down  from  it  on  the  front,  with  a  small  yellow  mark 
on  its  centre,  a  broad  band  in  front  of  the  pronotmn,  from  which 
an  oblique  one  runs  up  the  pleurae,  the  mesonotum  except  along 
the  sides,  and  a  large  squarish  mark  in  the  centre,  this  latter 
having  a  large  black  triangular  mark  in  the  centre,  the  mesonotum, 
a  large  oblique  mark  on  the  base  of  the  mesopleurae,  the  base  of 
the  scutellum,  and  the  metanotum  black  ;  the  greater  part  of  the 
meso-  and  metapleurae  and  the  median  segment  reddish.  Abdomen 
yellow,  the  1st  segment  black  at  base  and  apex,  the  centre  reddish  ; 
the  2nd  segment  black  and  red  at  apex,  the  Brd  broadly  black ; 
the  4th  black  at  the  apex,  the  black  in  the  middle  being  continued 
to  the  base  of  the  segment ;  the  5th  black  at  the  base,  the  black 
being  continued  in  the  middle  to  the  apex  ;  the  ventral  segments 
broadly  black.  Legs  ferruginous  ;  the  coxae  yellow  and  red,  the 
trochanters  blackish,  the  apex  of  the  hinder  tibiae  and  of  the  four 
hinder  tarsal  joints  black.  Wings  yellowish  hyaline,  the  apex  of 
both  wings  infuscated  ;  the  2nd  cellule  (cubital  ?)  at  the  top  and 
bottom  longer  than  the  3rd  ;  the  2ud  and  3rd  transverse  cubital 
nervures  elbowed  at  the  middle,  thus  narrowing  the  2nd  cubital 
cellule  at  the  top  ;  the  1st  recurrent  nervure  is  received  in  the 
apical  third,  the  2nd  a  httle  before  the  middle.  Autennse  ferru- 
ginous, longish,  the  joints  curved  ;  the  3rd  and  4th  joints  subequal. 
Apex  of  clypeus  bluntly  rounded,  the  sides  rounded.  Head, 
pronotum,  and  median  segments  bearing  long  white  hairs. 

"  Long  14  ram. 

"Hab.  Poona." 


*  "Whilst  these  pages  have  been  passing  through  the  press,  I  have,  through 
the  kitidiieBS  of  Prul'.  Pouiton,  been  able  to  examine  the  types  of  C.  ornata 
C.  fusiformu,  and  C.  Jlavo-picta,  all  now  in  the  Hope  Museum,  Oxford.  ' 


176 


POMPILIDiB. 


349.  Ceropales  pernix,  Bingh.  Jour.  Lhm.  Soc.  1896,  p.  425. 

c?  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  slightly  shining ;  head 
broad,  broader  than  the  thorax,  labrum  exserted,  clypeus  transverse 
anteriorly,  slightly  convex  ;  antenna3  stout,  porrect ;  eyes  convergent 
below,  a  deeply  impressed  vertical  line  from  the  anterior  ocellus  to 
between  the  base  of  the  antennte  ;  pronotum  short,  its  posterior 
margin  widely  arched;  mesonotum  with  two  parallel,  medial, 
lono-itudinally" impressed  furrows;  median  segment  long,  rounded 
posteriorly,  with  a  steep  slope  to  its  apex  ;  legs  long,  the  tibiaj  and 
tarsi  unarmed,  nearly  smooth;  abdomen  about  as  long  as  the 
thorax,  slightly  compressed  laterally.  Light  testaceous  brown, 
the  clypeus,  the  inner  margin  of  the  eyes  broadly,  and  the 
posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum  pale  yellow:  wings  hyaline 
and  beautifully  iridescent,  the  cubital  and  discoidal  nervures 
produced  to  the  apical  margin  of  the  fore  wing,  the  transverse 
basal  nervures  interstitial ;  the  tegulae,  stigma,  and  nervures  brown. 

Hab.  Tenasserim.     d .  Leiigth  8  ;  e.rp.  15  mm. 

350.  Ceropales  albovariegata,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xU,  1897. 
c?    Head  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  ;  head  broad,  the  front 

only  "slightly  convex,  and  the  vertex  nearly  flat  the  occiput 
transverse,  a  remarkable  subcordate  projection  on  the  front  above 
the  base  of  the  antenna,  the  projection  grooved  dowii  the  middle 
or  bilobed-  mesonotum  with  two  parallel  weU-marked  longitudinal 
furrows  :  'median  segment  rounded  posteriorly  with  a  some- 
what steep  slope  to  the  apex  and  a  medial  longitudinal  furrow  ; 
abdomen  short,  slightly  laterally  compressed.  Testaceous  yellow  ; 
?he  h^ad  pro-  Lid  mesonotum  black  ;  the  clypeus  the  sides  of  the 
^Le  broX%he  proiection  above  the  base  of  the  antenn^,  the 
nner  and  outer  orbits,  the  inferior  lateral  angles  and  posterior 
margin  of  the  pronotum,  three  irregular  spots  beneath  the  wing  on 
the  llenr^,  a  spot  above  the  tegute,  and  the  inferior  apical  lateral 
anZ  of  the  median  segment,  white ;  the  scape  in  front  testaceous 
Sow!  the  basal  three  joints  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antenn^ 
beS  fulvous ;  wings  hyal^e  and  iridescent,  the  nervures  and 
tegulffl  testaceous. 

Eab.  Ceylon.     5  .  Length  9  ;  eccp.  17  mm. 

*351.  Ceropales  claripennis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv, 
'  1891,  p.  433. 

"Black   shining,  the  mandibles,  clypeus,  face,  orbits,  except 
1    •  tlr-n^tPd  at  the  top  a  hue  on  the  pronotum  behind, 
tr^nlstTo^nt  a  tadbn'e  at  the  apex  of  the  mesonotum 
the  angles  m  iro    '  metanotum,   a  narrow  Ime 

^^  the  middle  of  tbe'  median  segment,  the  propleur^ 
down   the   'fiddle    0  ^mesopleurfe  above  and 

ZttS-  tl/«Sh,  rriM  feU0.;.it.  .  bl.* 


CEEOPALES.  — APORCrS. 


177 


mark  behind  ;  the  four  hinder  coxae  black,  yellow  and  red  beneath, 
the  tarsi  black  ;  the  spurs  pale,  the  hinder  about  two-thirds  of  the 
length  of  the  metatarsus.  Wings  clear  hyaline,  the  second  cellule 
half  the  length  of  the  third  above  and  beneath  ;  the  Ist  recurrent 
nervure  received  slightly  past,  the  2nd  slightly  in  front  of  the 
middle  of  the  cellules.  Antennae  moderately  thick,  brownish 
beneath  at  the  base ;  the  thii-d  and  fourth  joints  subequal.  Eyes 
with  a  distinct  curve  at  the  top,  distinctly  converging  at  the  apex, 
they  being  there  separated  by  a  little  more  than  half  the  length 
they  are  at  the  top.  Clypeus  with  the  sides  oblique,  the  apex 
transverse.  Ocelli  in  a  triangle,  separated  from  the  eyes  by  twice 
the  length  they  are  fi-om  each  other.  Pronotum  semi-transverse, 
behind  quadrate,  the  sides  at  the  base  projecting  into  triangular 
teeth.  Mesonotum  flatfish,  with  two  longitudinal  furrows  ;  the 
furrow  on  the  mesopleurae  narrow  ;  raetanotum  gibbous  ;  median 
segment  with  a  gradual  slope.  Except  on  the  median  segment  the 
body  is  almost  glabrous. 
^'■Length  8-9  mm. 

"  Hah.  Poona  (  Wroughton)."    Unknown  to  me. 


Genus  APOEUS. 

Aponis,  Spinola,  Ins.  Lie/,  ii,  p.  35  (1808) ;  Smith,  Cat.  ill,  p.  174 
(1866). 

Pompilus,  pt.,  Kuhl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  1884,  p,  52  et  seg. 

Type,  A.  unicolor,  Spin. 
Eanc/e.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  subglobose,  about  as  wide  as  the  thorax ;  ocelli  in  a 
triangle  on  the  vertex;  antennae  inserted  about  the 
middle  of  the  face,  not  so  long  as  the  head  and 
thorax  united,  fiUform,  slightly  curved  after  death 
in  the  female;  labrum  concealed,  clypeus  subporrect; 
thorax  convex  above ;  scutellum  minute,  depressed 
below  the  level  of  the  mesonotum  ;  for  the  rest,  the 
characters  are  those  of  Pompilus,  except  that  in  the 
fore  wing  there  are  only  two  cubital  cells  and 
that  the  anterior  tarsi  are  not  ciliated.  The  2nd 
i-ig  oo.  cubital  cell  receives  both  recurrent  nervures. 
Aporus  cotesi,  Note. — Kohl  (Zoc.  cit.)  considers  that  the  species 
$.  f.  o£  this  genus  are  derived  directly  from  Pomjiilus 
by  the  loss,  in  the  fore  wing,  of  the  2nd  trans- 
verse cubital  nervure,  and  that  Aporus  cannot  be  kept  distinct 
from  Pompilus.  It  is  quite  probable  that  the  one  genus  has 
been  evolved  from  the  other  in  the  way  indicated  bv  Kohl : 
still,  as  the  distinctive  character  of  two  cubital  cells  in  the 
fore  wing  seems  to  be  constant,  and  generic  distinction  is  a 
matter  of  convenience,  I  see  no  reason  why  Ap>orus  should  not  be 
kept  separate  from  Pompilus,  so  long  as  it  is  placed  next  to  that 
genus  and  the  relationship  between  the  two  is  clearly  undei'stood. 

TOL.  I.  N 


178 


POMPILIDJE. 


Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Atclomen  black. 

a.  Foro  wing  hyaline,  apex  fuscescent   A.  benffalemiSjf.  178. 

b.  Fore  wing  fuscous,  the  basal,  1st  cubital,  let 

and  base  of  2nd  discoidal  cells  with  a  narrow 

subapical  band  hyaline   A.  orientalis,  p.  178. 

B.  Abdomen  pale  red,  the  apical  segment  fuscous.    A.  cotesi,  p.  178. 

352.  Aporus  bengalensis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soe.  (4)  iv, 

1801,  p.  478. 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pruinose :  tbe  head  convex  in 
Eront,  remarkably  concave  behind ;  pronotum  long,  its  posterior 
margin  transverse  ;  median  segment  long  with  a  rounded  gradual 
slope,  the  apex  obscurely  longitudiually  striated ;  legs  with  the 
tibia)  and  tarsi  very  sparsely  spinose  ;  abdomen  pseudosessile. 
Elack,  with  obscure  silvery  pile,  most  dense  on  the  clypeus  and 
front  and  forming  apical'bands  on  the  1st  and  2nd  segments  of 
the  abdomen;  wings  hyaline,  the  fore  wing  lightly  fuscous  beyond 
the  2ud  cubital  cell,  this  latter  is  narrowed  at  the  top  and  receives 
below  both  recurrent  nervm-es. 

Bab.  Barrackpore,  Eengal.     $  .  Lengtli  6  ;  exp.  10  mm. 

353.  Aporus  orientalis.  . 

Planiceps  orientalis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Fh.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1«91, 
p.  477,  pi.  iii,  fig.  1. 

?.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining;  the 
clypeus  shghtly  convex,  its  anterior  margin  oblique  at  the  sides, 
transverse  in  tbe  middle  ;  front  flat,  the  ocelU  widelv  separated,  a 
short  longitudinal  notch  bebiud  the  two  posterior  ocelli ;  pronotum 
rounded,  two  obscure  tubercles  in  the  middle  anteriorly,  the 
posterior  margin  regularly  but  very  slightly  arched  :  the  scutellum 
very  prominent ;  the  median  segment  short,  somewhat  flat,  the 
sides  vertical,  tbe  apex  steeply  sloped ;  legs  stout,  tbe  tibiae  and 
tarsi  with  thick  short  spines;  abdomen  pseudosessile,  sharply 
acuminate  at  apex.  Black  ;  wings  fuscous,  in  the  fore  wing  the 
basal,  the  1st  cubital,  1st  discoidal,  base  of  2nd  discoidal,  and 
a  narrow  band  beyond  the  3rd  cubital  and  2nd  discoidal  cells 
hyaUne  ;  in  the  hind  wing  the  basal  two-thirds  are  hyahne. 

Hah.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.     5  .  Length  15  ;  exp.  27  mm. 

354.  Aporus  cotesi,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 
p.  478,  pi.  iii,  fig.  2. 
9  Head,  thorax,  and  legs  densely  pruinose,  abdomen  smooth  ; 
clypeus  narrow,  transverse,  slightly  convex,  its  anterior  margin 
arched,  front  broad,  with  an  abbreviated  vertically  impressed  line 
above  the  base  oE  the  antennte ;  pronotum  rounded  in  tront, 
narrowed  towards  the  head,  widely  arched  posteriorly ;  median 
segment  long,  smooth,  rounded  above,  with  a  medial  longitudinal 
shallow  furrow ;  legs  slender,  the  tarsi  spinose,  the  tibia)  with 
very  minute  spines;  abdomen  long,  as  long  as  the  head  and 


SPHEQIDJE. 


179 


thorax  together,  subpetiolate,  cylindrical,  abruptly  tapering  at 
apex.  Head  and  thorax  black,  covered  with  a  dense  hoary  silvery 
pile,  particularly  dense  on  the  clypeus,  on  the  apex  of  the  median 
segment,  and  legs ;  abdomen  pale  red,  the  apical  segment  fuscous ; 
wings  hyaline  and  iridescent,  the  fore  wing  fuscous  at  apex, 
the  1st  recurrent  nervure  received  just  before  the  middle,  and 
the  2nd  recurrent  nervure  close  to  the  apex  of  the  2nd  cubital 
cell ;  nervures  and  tegulfe  testaceous  brown. 

Hah.  Barrackpore,  Bengal;  Ahmedabad,  "Western  India. 
2 .  Length  9  ;  exp.  17  mm.  cJ  unknown.  Type  in  collection 
Eothney. 


Family  SPHEGID^. 

The  pronotum  transverse,  its  lateral  angles  not  prolonged  back 
to  the  base  of  the  wiugs. 

The  above  is  the  sole  constant  character  that  separates  this 
rather  heterogeneous  family  from  the  other  families  of  the  Eossorial 
Hymenoptera. 

In  a  limited  fauna  as  that  of  Great  Britain,  for  instance,  it  is 
possible  to  divide  the  Possores  into  fairly  well-marked  groups, 
which  can  be  conveniently  regarded  as  forming  families  or  sub- 
families ;  but  all  such  limitations  brealt  down  when  exotic  species 
are  taken  into  consideration.  It  is  therefore  now  generally  held 
that  the  burrowing  wasps  with  short  prothoraces  form  only  one 
family,  containing  genera,  many  of  which  have  a  tendency  to  form 
natural  groups,  while  others  stand  more  or  less  isolated. 

Key  to  the  Genera. 

A.  Fore  wing  with  one  cubital  cell. 

a.  Cubital    ceU  confluent  with  2nd  discoidal 

cell    OXTBELUS,  p.  314. 

6.  Cubital  cell  not  confluent  with  2nd  discoidal 

cell    Cbabro,  p.  321. 

B.  Fore  wing  with  two  or  three  cubital  cells. 

a.  Abdomen  pseudoseasile,  or  if  petiolate,  petiole 
formed  by  the  narrowing  of  both  ventral  and 
dorsal  plates  of  first  segment. 
a'.  Radial  cell  of  fore  wing  appeudicnlate. 
a".  Protborax    very    long,  with  posterior 
portion  raised  in  the  middle,  leaving 
sides  beneath  narrowly  projecting    ....    Ampulex,  p.  253. 
Ip-.  Prothorax  not  so  raised,  pronotum  short 
and  transverse. 
a'.  Mandibles  incised  on  their  outermargins. 
a*.  Fore  wing  with  three  cubital  cells. 
a°.  Posterior  femora  with  a  hook  or 

spine  or  tubercle  at  base   Piagetia,  p.  210. 


180 


SPIIEGIDiE, 


6'.  Posterior  femora  simple. 

a".  Ocelli  three,  complete,  round, 
a'.  Base  of  Istabdomiual  segment 

narrowed,  subpetiolate    Lyboda,  p.  208. 

i'.  Base  of  Ist  abdominal  segment 
not  narrowed,  pseudosessile. 
fl^  Margins  of  abdominal  seg- 
ments constricted    Palaeus,  p.  213. 

b".  Margins  of  abdominal  seg- 
ments not  constricted. 
aP.  Eyes  with  their  inner 

margins    arched    out-  [P-  ■^l^. 

wards    Liantheena, 

6^  Eyes  with  their  inner 
margins  not  arched, 
straight,  converging  to- 

wards  the  vertex    Astata,  p.  lai'. 

6^  Ocelli  more  or  less  distorted  and 
incomplete. 
a'.  Pygidial  area  bare,  not  pu- 
bescent. 

a«.  Pronotum  posteriorly  on  a 

level  with  mesonotum ....    Labba,  p.  195. 
b"  Pronotum  depressed  beneath  [p- 192. 

the  level  of  mesonotum  . .  Tachysphex, 
f.  Pygidial  area  pubescent. 

a".  Mediansegmentmuchlonger  LP- 

than  mesonotum   Notogonia, 

b^.  Median  segment  equal  in 
length  to  mesonotum,  or 

shorter   Tachytks,  p.  185. 

6*.  Fore  wing  with  two  cubital  ceUs    . .  Gabxbosericus 
J».  Mandibles  not  incised  on  their  outer  LP-  --^o. 

margins.  -f  grvK 

PvRidial  area  pubescent    p.  -uo. 

6'  Pylidial  area  not  pubescent.   Pabalibis, p. 208. 

b'.  Kadial  cell  of  fore  wing  not  appendiculate. 

a\  Fore  wing  with  two  cubital  cells.  Miscophus  ' 

a\  Inner  orbits  not  emargmate    Miscophus, 

6^  Inner  orbits  emavgiuate.  - 

a*.  Outer  nervures  of  2nd  (prop,  drd)  +  „  917 

cubital  cell  distinct   PisoN  pt.,  p.  21/. 

b\  Outer  nervures  of  2nd  cubital  cell  so 

'■^^  'd-ffioStl°  TB.POX.i.?x. 
some  dimculty   •   ' 

h\  Fore  wing  with  three  cubital  ceUs. 

a\  Inner  orbits  emargmate    -I-ISON  pt.,  p.  -i'. 

b\  Inner  orbits  not  emargmate. 

fli.  Median  segment  long,  flat  above,  witli 

several  longitudinal  carinas.  ^ 
„=.  Median  segment  above  not  broad-  LP'  -  - 

ened  laterally  :  colour  black  ....  Dolichiet-S, 
6'  Median  segment  above  broadened 
•    outlaterally;colourdeepca.rulean  gGO. 

blue   


SPHBGIDJE. 


181 


b*.  Median  segment  not  particularly  long, 
not  flat  above  nor  cariuated. 
a'.  Labruni   very   muck  lengthened 
and  exserted  beneath  clypeus. 
a".  Labrum  sharply  acute  at  apex, 

rostriforra    Bkmbex,  p.  284. 

b".  Labrum  rounded  at  apex,  not 

rostriform   Stizais,  p.  276. 

b'.  Labrum  short,  not  or  very  in- 
conspicuously exserted  beneath 
clypeus. 

a'.  The  2nd  cubital  cell  receiving 
both  recurrent  nervures. 
a'.  The  2nd  cubital  cell  petiolate ; 
median  segment  with  lateral 

tubercles  or  spines    Nysson,  p.  268. 

b''.  The  2nd  cubital  cell  not  petio- 
late ;  median  segment  without 
lateral  tubercles  or  spines  .  .    Gobytes,  p.  271. 
b^.  The  1st  cubital  cell  receiving  the 

1st,  the  2nd  cubital  cell  the  2nd  .  [p.  270. 

recurrent  nervure    Heliobyctes, 

c".  The  2nd  cubital  cell  receiving 
the  lat,  the  3rd  cubital  cell  the 
2nd  recurrent  nervure. 
a'.  2nd  cubital  cell  petiolate  ....    Cercbbis,  p.  299. 
b''.  2nd  cubital  cell  not  petio- 
late   Philanthus, 

Abdomen  petiolate,  petiole  composed  of  ven-  [p.  293. 

tral  plate  only  of  basal  abdominal  seg- 
ment. 

a'.  Intermediate  tibiae  with  two  apical  spurs. 
a'.  Second  and  third  cubital  cells  in  fore  wing 

each  receiving  a  recurrent  nervure   ....    Sphex,  p.  241. 
b'^.  Second  cubital  cell  in  fore  wing  receiving 

both  recurrent  nervures.  [p.  228. 

a^.  Anterior  tarsi  ciliated  exteriorly   Ammophila, 

6'.  Anterior  tarsi  not  ciliated  exteriorly  . .  Sceliphbon, 
6'.  Intermediate  tibiae  with  one  apical  spur.  [p.  235. 

a'-.  Three  cubital  cells  in  fore  wing   PaEN,  p.  262. 

Two  cubital  cells  in  fore  wing. 
c^.  With  one  recurrent  nervure  in  fore 

wing   Stigmus,  p.  266. 

IP.  With  two  recurrent  nervures  in  fore 
wing. 

a'.  Petiole  long,  longer  than  succeed-  [p.  265. 

ing  abdominal  segment    Pemphbedon, 

6*.  Petiole  short,  shorter  than  succeed- 
ing abdominal  segment    Passalcecus, 

[p  267. 


182 


SPHEGiriE. 


Genus  ASTATA. 

Astatus,  Latr.  Precis  Caract.  Gen.  Ins.  p.  114  (\796). 
Astata,  Latr.  Hint.  Nat.  Crnd.  et  Ins  t.  ui,  p.  336  (1802). 
Dimorpha,  Panz.  Krit.  Revis.  Faun.  Deutschl.  n,  p.  12b  (l»Ut>). 
Dryudella,  pt.,  ^n.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent  B:  1843,  t.  i,  p.  135. 

Type,  A.  hoops,  Schrank. 
Hunge.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  wider  than  the  thorax ;  mandibles  not  emargmate  or 
incised  on  their  outer  margins,  bluntly  toothed  on  the  inner  side 
close  to  the  apex;  eyes  very  large,  strongly  convergent  at  top, 
in  the  6  meeting  on  the  central  line  of  the  vertex ;  ocelli  com- 
plete, round,  placed  in  a  triangle  below  the  vertex;  antennae  hli- 
form,  inserted  low  down  on  the  front,  just  above 
the  clypeus  ;  proootum  depressed  below  the  level 
of  the  mesonotum ;  legs  thick,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi 
(  5  )  thickly,  (  6  )  less  densely  spinose,  intermediate 
tibiae  with  two  apical  spurs ;  abdomen  short,  some- 
what cordate  or  conical  in  shape,  in  the  6  flattened 
above.  Wings  with  one  radial  and  three  cubital 
cells,  the  former  long,  narrow,  roundly  truncate 
at  apex  and  appendiculate ;  the  1st  cubital  cell 
obliquely  oval,  divided  transversely  by  an  obsolete 
or  nearly  obsolete  nervure  ;  2nd  cubital  cell  sub- 
triangular,  receiving  both  recurrent  nervures;  3rd  obliquely  quad- 
rate, the  opposite  sides  nearly  parallel.  „   ,       .       ,  , 

The  large  eyes  and  short  conical  abdomen  of  these  insects  make 
them  closely  resemble,  in  form,  certain  kinds  of  Diptera.  AsUUa 
is  eminently  a  sand-wasp,  burrowing  m  bard  sandy  banks  and 
storing  its  nests  with  larvae  of  various  species  of  Hemiptera ;  anc 
the  late  Mr.  F.  Smith  records  having  seen  the  English  species  ot 
A.  hoops  conveying  to  its  nest  specimens  of  an  alhed  hymeno- 
pterous  insect,  Oxyhelus. 


Fig.  40. — Astata 
affilis,  cj . 


Key  to  tlie  Species. 

A.  Abdomen  wholly  black    ^-  niyricans,  p.  183. 

B.  Abdomen  red  and  black. 

a.  Of  comparatively  large  size  (L.  10-13  mm.) ; 

mesonotum  anteriorly  carinated  and  tur- 

rowed  •   onentalts,  p.  loo- 

b.  Smaller  (L.V-io'mm.) ;  mesonotum  simple. 

a'.  Median  segment  above  enclosed   by  „  183 

lateral  convergent  furrows   A.  macuhfrons,  p.  183. 

b'  Median  segment  not  furrowed  laterally. 

'a:\  Median  segment  long,  finely  longi-  ... 

tudinally  reticulate   A.  agibs,  p.  184. 

V'.  Median  segment  comparatively  short,  „  ir^ 

coarsely  reticulate    A.tarda,-}.!^. 


ASTATA. 


183 


355.  Astata  ni^-icans,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889, 

p.  151,  d- 

cJ .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  thinly  pubescent,  the  pubescence 
denser  on  the  sides  of  the  face  and  sides  and  apex  of  the  median 
segment;  eyes  strongly  convergent  and  meeting  on  the  vertex; 
tlie  front  convex,  punctured,  the  anterior  ocellus  large,  twice  the 
size  of  the  posterior  ones,  on  the  front  beneath  it  an  obscure 
T-shaped  furrow;  pro-  and  mesohotum,  scutellum,  and  post- 
scutellum  rather  closely  punctured,  the  disc  of  the  scutellum 
smooth  and  shining  ;  median  segment  long,  slightly  narrowed  and 
sloping  posteriorly ;  the  apex  truncate,  above  coarsely  reticulate, 
with  a  medial  longitudinal  carina ;  abdomen  shining,  minutely 
punctured,  the  margins  of  the  segments  sHghtly  depressed.  Black, 
the  pubescence  hoary  white,  silvery  on  the  sides  of  the  face  ;  the 
tarsi  and  the  posterior  margins  of  the  basal  five  segments  bronzy 
testaceous ;  wings  hyahne  and  iridescent,  nervures  pale  testaceous, 
tegulse  black. 

Bah.  Poona,  Bombay  Presidency,  d  .  Length  8-9  ;  16  mm. 
Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 

356.  Astata  orientalis,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  310 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch. 

L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  150. 

cT .  Head  above  the  base  of  the  antennas  coarsely  rugose  and 
covered  with  thin  long  pubescence ;  the  cheeks  and  occiput  smooth, 
with  soft  thin  pubescence;  mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  post- 
scutellum  very  minutely  and  closely  punctured  ;  the  mesonotum 
anteriorly  with  two  parallel,  abbreviated,  longitudinal  carinas,  ter- 
minating posteriorly  in  minute  tubercles,  and  two  parallel,  abbre- 
viated, longitudinally  impressed  lines  in  the  space  between  the 
carinas ;  scutellum  irapunctate,  smooth,  and  shining  in  the  middle ; 
median  segment  long,  rounded  at  the  sides,  concavo-truncate 
posteriorly,  the  truncation  piuictured,  above  coarsely  reticulate; 
abdomen  smooth,  opaque,  the  basal  segment  at  apex  strongly 
constricted.  Black,  the  posterior  margin  of  the  1st  and  2nd 
abdominal  segments  entirely  ferruginous  red,  the  remaining 
segments  more  or  less  dark  fusco-ferruginous ;  wings  flavo-hyahue, 
sometimes  entirely  hyahne. 

Var.  With  the  basal  two  and  basal  half  of  the  3rd  segment  red. 
Hab.  Nishchindeepore,  Bengal ;  Tenasserim.  d  ■  Length  10-13 ; 
exp.  18-23  mm. 

357.  Astata  macnlifrons,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889, 

p.  149,  d. 

cJ  .  Head — the  clypeus  produced  in  the  middle  at  apex,  deeply 
depressed  at  the  sides,  front  convex,  punctured,  the  punctures 
close  above  the  ocelli ;  eyes  strongly  obliquely  convergent,  meeting 
above  on  the  vertex;  cheeks  smooth,  shining;  mesonotum, 
scutellum,  and  postscutellum  shining,  sparingly  punctured ;  median 
segment  as  long  as  the  rest  of  the  thorax,  truncate  posteriorly, 
rounded  towards  the  sides ;  above  divided  off  by  two  deep  furrows. 


184  sphboidjE. 

one  on  each  side,  meeting  below  the  edge  of  the  truncation  in  a  small 
depression,  the  enclosed  space  coriaceous,  with  a  medial  longitudinal 
faintly-marked  carina,  the  sides  and  truncated  portion  of  the 
segment  rugose-punctate ;  abdomen  smooth,  shining,  with  a  few 
scattered  delicate  punctures.  Black,  the  front  below  the  ocelli 
with  a  transverse  yellow  mark  rounded  at  the  sides,  emarginate  in 
the  middle  anteriorly  ;  abdomen  with  the  basal  three  segments  and 
sides  of  the  4th  red  above;  the  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  covered 
with  a  very  spare,  soft,  erect  fuscous  pubescence ;  wings  hyaline, 
the  fore  wing  anteriorly  light  fuscescent;  nervures  testaceous,  tegulae 
yellow. 

Hob.  Mussooree.  6.  Length  9;  exp.  1/  mm.  Type  m  coll, 
Eothney.  This  is  the  Eastern  representative  of  the  British 
A.  stigma. 

358.  Astata  agilis,  SmUh,  Tram.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  39,  ?  ;  KoM,  Verh 
zool.-hot.  Ges.  Wien,  1884,  p.  447 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph. 
Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  150. 

P  Head— the  clypeus,  the  cheek  and  occiput,  the  pronotum, 
the  sides  and  apex  of  the  median  segment,  the  coxse  and  femora 
of  the  legs,  and  the  base  of  tbe  abdomen  covered  with  a  long  thin 
soft  pubescence ;  the  head  in  front  closely  punctured  and  bearing 
a  medial  short  vertical  furrow  in  front  of  the  anterior  ocellus ; 
pro-  and  mesonotum  less  closely  punctured ;  the  scutellum  large, 
prominent,  smooth  and  shining ;  the  median  segment  long,  truncate 
at  apex ;  above  and  at  base  longitudinally  reticulate,  and  bearing 
a  fine  medial  longitudinal  carina  ;  abdomen  broad,  short  (very  short 
and  subcordate  in  shape  in  the  6  ),  acutely  pointed  at  apex,  very 
minutely  and  closely  punctured  at  the  bases  of  the  segments. 
Black,  the  apical  margin  of  the  1st,  the  whole  of  the  2nd,  and  the 
base  narrowly  of  the  3rd  abdominal  segment  red;  wmgs  hyaline, 
with  a  faint  fuscous  cloud  beyond  the  stigma,  the  apex  pale ; 
nervures  and  tegulae  testaceous. 

similar  but  smaller,  more  pubescent.  o 

Var.  The  fore  wing  flavo-hyaline  from  base  to  apex  ot  radial 

cell,  hyaUne  beyond. 

Hah  Nishchindeepore;  Tirhoot;  Poona;  Sikhim ;  Tenassenm. 
$  .  Length  7^-9  ;  e.vp.  14  mm.     6  •  Length  7-8 ;  exp.  14  mm. 

359.  Astata  tarda,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 

^  Closelv  resembles  A.  agilis.  Smith,  from  which  it  can  be 
distinguished  by  being  much  more  finely  and  closely  punctured  and 
larLr  Head  in  front,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum  and  post- 
scuteUum  finely  and  closely  punctured ;  median  segment  coarsely 
reticulZ  above  the  apex  truncate ;  the  head  in  front,  the  pronot.im, 
apex  of  the  median  segment,  and  base  of  abdomen  covered  ^vath  a 
soft  long  thin  silvery  pubescence.  Black,  the  apical  margin  of  the 
Is  he  whole  of  the  2nd,  and  the  basal  half  of  the  3rd  abdomma 
Llen^^  wings  hyaUne,  very  faintly  fuscous  on  the  apical 
marmn  •  nervures  and  tegulae  dark  brown.  „  t, 

S  Ceylon.    e.LengthlO;exp.lS^r-..  Type  m  coll.  Eothney. 


TACHTTE8. 


185 


Genus  TACHYTES. 

Sphex,  pt.,  Fabr.  Ent.  Sijst.  ii,  p.  ai/)  (1793). 

Pompilus,  pt.,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  Suppl.  p.  251  (1798). 

Larra,  pt.,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  221  (1804). 

Tachytes,  Pmis.  Erit.  Rev>s.  Faun.  Deutschl.  ii,  p.  129  (1806). 

Lyrops,  pt.,  Latr.  Gen.  Crust.  Ins.  iv,  p.  71  (1809) 

Type,  T.  ijompiliformis,  Panz. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  wider  than  the  thorax ;  mandibles  with  a  narrow  incision 
on  their  outer  margin  close  to  the  middle ;  the  inner  margin 
bidentate ;  clypeus  and  face  always  densely  pilose  or  pubescent ; 

antennte  stoat,  and  generally  shorter 
than  in  the  genus  Tachysphex ;  eyes, 
especially  in  the  S  ■,  strongly  con- 
vergent towards  the  vertex,  but 
never  quite  meeting  as  in  the  6  oh" 
Astata ;  the  ocelli  are  placed  on  a 
convexity  on  the  front,  the  anterior 
ocellus  round,  the  posterior  elongate, 
almost  reniform,  slanting,  flat,  and 
Fig.  41.  ipgg  distinct;  pronotum  depressed 

Tachytes  saundersii,  ? .  \.  beneath  the  level  of  the  mesonotum  ; 
pygidial  area  distinct,  in  the  ?  triangular,  in  the_  c?  generally 
trapezium-shaped,  but  in  both  always  pubescent,  in  the  5  set 
with  dense,  short,  stiff  hairs,  in  the  c?  with  sparser  pubescence. 
"Wings  stout,  ample ;  fore  wing  with  one  radial  and  three  cubital 
cells,  the  radial  cell  lengthened  and  acute  at  apex,  and  only  feebly 
trijncate,  showing  in  consequence  only  an  indistinct  appendicular 
cell.  Legs — the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  all  the  legs  moi-e  or  less  spiuose, 
the  tarsal  combs  altogether  much  shorter  and  stouter  than  in 
Tachyspliex. 

Tachytes  contains  some  of  the  most  beautiful  of  the  species  of 
sand-wasps.  Many  of  the  Oriental  forms  are  black,  or  black  and 
red,  richlv  decked  with  golden  or  silvery  pubescence  and  pile.  All 
the  Indian  species  whose  habits  I  have  been  able  to  investigate 
nest  in  the  ground,  and  store  their  nests  with  the  larvte  of 
Orthoptera. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Abdomen  red,  or  red  and  black. 

a.  Transverse  pilose  bands  on  abdomen  golden. 
a'.  Fore  wing  with  a  subapical  fuscous  fascia. 
b'.  Fore  wing  with  no  subapical  fascia  .... 
6.  Transverse  pilose  bands  on  abdomen  silvery. 
a'.  Fore    wing  with  apex  broadly  dark 

fuscous  

b'.  Fore  wing  with  no  apical  fuscous  border, 
a^.  Femora,  tibire,  and  tarsi  of  legs  red  .  . 
P.  Femora,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  of  legs  black  , 


T.  yerburyi,  p.  186. 
T.fervida,  p.  186. 


T.  conspieua,  p.  187. 

T.e}'ythropoda,-p.187. 
T.  tarsata,  p.  188. 


186 


bphbgid;b. 


B.  Abdomen  Waclr.  , 

a.  Pile  on  abdomen  golden    T.  monetarm,  p.  188. 

b.  Pile  on  abdomen  silvery. 

a'.  Of  comparatively  large  size  :  over  16  mm. 
in  length. 

a^.  Thorax  with  fuscous  or  rufo-fnscou8 

pubescence    T.  sawwiemi,  p.  189. 

bK  Thorax  with  yellow  or  golden  pu-         _  _ 

bescence    T.  amcjists,  p.  189. 

v.  Of  compai-atively  small  size:  under  15 
mm.  in  length. 
a^.  Legs  more  or  less  testaceous  red. 

d\  Form  short,  robust;  aU  tlbiee  and 

tarsi  testaceous  red   T.  modesta,  p.  190. 

6^  Form  more  slender ;  tibise  and.  tarsi 
of  anterior  and  tarsi  only  of  inter- 
mediate and  posterior  legs  testaceous  _ 

 _   T.  ornatipes,  p.  190. 

b^.  Legs  black.  •  ,    ■, ,  i 

a\  Pygidial  area  covered  with  black 

pubescence    T.  mi»<Z«te,  p.  190. 

bK  Pygidial  area  covered  with  silvery 

pubescence.  ,n    •  •  ion 

a*  Length  13-14  mm   £■  P' 


b- 


y.  Len|th  7-9  mm.    T.  vishnu,  p.  191. 


360.  Tachytes  yerlauryi,  n.  sp. 

A.  Clypeus,  the  region  of  the  ocelli,  and  the  vertex  of  the  head 
finely  and  closely  punctured  ;  the  anterior  margin  of  the  clypeus 
Swly  smooth  Ind  recurved;  eyes  strongly  convergent  above 
nearly  meeting  ;  the  front  and  clypeus  densely  pubescent ;  tho  ax 
finel/and  clofely  punctured,  and  with  tJV'^^^"'^^?TheS 
pubescent;  median  segment  short,  rounded  posteriorly  ;  the  apex 
Leply  slo'ped,  a  medial  longitudinally  impressed  hne  widening  on 
the  verge  of  the  posterior  slope  into  an  oval  fovea.  Black  the 
mandibles  at  base,  the  apex  of  the  clypeus,  the  scape  and  basal 
SStiomts  of  the  flagellnm  of  the  antennae,  the  legs  except  the 
bafe  of  the  coxa.,  and\he  basal  four  or  five  segments  of  the  abdo- 
m  riigbt. testaceous  red;  the  pubescence  r.ch  goHen  ioming 
shin  ng  transverse  bands  on  the  margins  of  segments  1-6  of  the 
Sdom'en  above;  wings  fulvo-hyaline,  the  -V^^^' ^^.^^f^^^ 
margins  lighter;  in  the  fore  wing  a  dark  fuscous  cloud  occupies 
Sie  fad  a  , Ascending  slightly  into  the  2nd  and  3rd  cubital  cells 

h1  Gejlou.  6  Length  n -,6X^.32  mm.  ?  unknown.  Type 
in  British  Museam. 

361.  Tachytes  fervida,  SmitJi,  Cat.  iv,  p.  298,  ? . 

9  .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  T.  tarsata  8"^^*^' ^^t  ^s  a 
broader  stouter-built  insect,  the  median  segment  proportionately 
not  so  longTthe  apical  margin  of  the  clypeus  is  narrow  y  depressed 
and  rounfcd;  the'head  above  i«  not  furrowed,  and  the  eyes  aie 
sUghtly  more  convergent  towards  the  vertex.    Head,  thorax. 


TAOHTTBS. 


187 


median  segment,  and  apical  three  segments  of  the  abdomen  black ; 
the  teiriilsB  of  the  wings,  the  legs,  and  the  basal  three  abdominal 
segments  red;  the  whole  insect  covered  with  a  rich  glittering 
golden  pile,  forming  tesselated  transverse  bauds  on  the  apical 
margins  of  the  abdominal  segments ;  wings  light  flavo-hyaline, 
nervures  testaceous. 

Hab.  India  {Smith).     $  .  Length  14 ;  exp.  26  mm. 

362.  Tachytes  conspicua. 

Larrada  conspicua,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  276,  5 . 

Larra  conspicua,  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-hot.  Oes.  Wien,  1884,  p.  242  ; 
Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  125. 

5 .  Head  and  thorax  pruinose ;  abdomen  smooth,  dull  and 
opaque ;  the  cljpeus  rounded  in  front,  the  extreme  anterior 
margin  narrowly  smooth  ;  the  front  with  a  medially  impressed  line 
leading  down  from  the  anterior  ocellus,  two  slight  lateral  hollows, 
one  on  each  side  of  the  line,  and  a  shallow  pit  behind  the 
posterior  ocelli ;  median  segment  long,  rather  compressed,  steeply 
sloped  posteriorly,  above  transversely  striate  and  covered  with  soft, 
short,  thin  pubescence  ;  abdomen  narrow,  the  apical  segments 
narrowing  acutely  to  the  apex.  Black ;  the  mandibles,  the  scape 
of  the  antennae  in  front,  the  femora,  tibiifi,  and  tarsi  of  all  the  legs, 
the  basal  two  and  the  apical  segments  of  the  abdomen  red;  the 
clypens  and  front,  and  the  posterior  margins  of  abdominal 
segments  1-5  clothed  with  dense  silvery  pile,  the  pygidial  area 
studded  with  a  thin  yellowish  pubescence  ;  wings  hyaline,  yellow 
at  base,  broadly  pubescent  along  the  apical  margins. 

Hah.  Barrackpore,  Bengal  (Smith).  2  •  Length  13 ;  exp. 
22  mm. 

This  is  quite  an  aberrant  species,  having  affinities  to  Larra 
and  Tachysphex ;  it  has  the  front  and  the  median  segment  of  the 
former,  while  the  armature  of  the  fore  tarsi  is  that  of  Tachy- 
sphex, but  the  pygidial  area  is  pubescent  and  the  general  appearaiace 
that  of  a  Tachytes. 

363.  Tachytes  erythropoda,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii, 

1889,  p.  135,  $  . 

5  .  Head  broader  than  the  thorax,  sparsely  punctured,  thorax 
and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining  ;  the  vertex  sparsely,  the 
clypeus,  front,  cheeks,  sides  of  the  thorax,  the  median  segment 
above  and  on  the  sides  and  apex,  and  the  abdomen  densely  pu- 
bescent ;  clypeus  transverse,  its  anterior  margin  slightly  recurved  ; 
vertex  marked  with  a  shallow  V-shaped  furrow  ;  mesonotum 
anteriorly  with  two  parallel  abbreviated  impressed  lines ;  median 
segment  above  indistinctly  transversely  striate,  the  sides  obliquely. 
Black ;  the  mandibles,  the  femora,  tibife  and  tarsi  of  the  legs,  and 
the  basal  three  segments  of  the  abdomen  red;  the  pubescence 
ghttering  silvery  white,  forming  transverse  bands  on  the  apical 
margins  of  the  abdominal  segments ;  pygidial  area  clothed  with 


188 


BPHBGIBJE. 


dense  short  fulvons  pubescence;  wings  h.valine,  very  slightly 
fuscescent  towards  the  apex,  nervures  and  tegulte  pale  testaceous. 
Hah.  Mussooree.     ?  .  Length  8  ;  exp.  16  mm. 

364.  Tachytes  tarsata,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  297,  $ ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch. 
L.  Ph.  Sue.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  141 ;  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien, 
1884,  p.  409. 

Lanada  vestita,  SmitJi,  A.  M.  N.  H.  (4)  xii,  1873,  p.  293,  5. 
Tacliytes  basalis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889, 
p.  14-2, 

?  .  Head  and  thorax  closely  and  finely  punctured  and  pu- 
bescent, the  pubescence  dense  on  tbe  clypeus,  the  mesonotum,  post- 
scutellum,  and  the  sides  and  apex  of  the  median  segment  (m  some 
specimens,  e.  g.  the  type,  the  pubescence  is  very  dense ;  m  others 
e  q  tvpe  of  T.  basalis,  thin  and  sparse);  front  of  head  with  a  medial 
broad  shallow  furrow  meeting  a  deep  A-shaped  furrow  behind  the 
ocelli ;  median  segment  rounded  above,  truncate  posteriorly,  tbe 
face  of  the  truncation  obscurely  transversely  striate  and  bearing  a 
medial,  short,  vertical  furrow.    Black  ;  the  basal  three,  sometimes 
four  segments  of  the  abdomen  red,  the  pubescence  shining  silvery, 
the  apical  margins  of  segments  1-5  with  bands  of  ghttermg 
silvery  pile  having  more  or  less  of  a  tesselated  appearance  in 
certain  lights  ;  the  pygidial  area  covered  with  a  stiff  sbort  ferru- 
ginous, sometimes  golden  pubescence ;  wings  clear  hyahne,  m  a 
few  specimens  tinged  with  a  very  Hght  yellow  ;  nervures  and 
tegulffi  pale  testaceous.  The  colour  of  the  legs  varies  from  fuscous 
to  black. 

c?  similar ;  the  pubescence  on  the  pygidium  silvery. 
Hab    North-West  Provinces  ;    Tirhoot  ;   Barrackpore.      ? . 
Length  15 ;  exp.  27  mm.     6  ■  Length  12  ;  exp.  23  mm. 

365.  Tachytes  monetaria,  SmUh,  Cat.  iv,  p.  298  $  ;  Cam  Mem. 
Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  136;  Kohl,  Verh.  zooM  Ges. 
PFeeK,  1884,  p.  404.  , 
Tachytes  velox,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  dUi,  d  • 
Q    Head  and  thorax  very  finely  and  closely  punctured,  the 
punctures  on  the  median  segment  above  witb  a  tendency  to  run  into 
transverse  striae;  head  in  front  and  on  the  clypeus  and  cheeks 
densely  pubescent;  median  segment  clothed  sparingly  with  shor 
soft  hlirs;   legs  pruinose;  abdomen  with  a  dense  matting  of 
ser  ceous  Vile  ;  median  segment  rounded  posteriorly,  with  a  media 
ongitudinal  furrow  reaching  the  apex  -d  anteriorly  conU^^^^^^^ 
obscurely  over  the  scutellum  and  postscutellum.  _  Black,  the 
Pubescence  silvery;  on  the  abdomen  a  rich  ferruginous  golden 
Wine  a  beautiful  tesselated  appearance  in  certain  ligbts,  the 
basaUwo-thirds  of  the  1st  segment  of  the  abdomen  black;  wmgs 

^TS" ^  "^'^-^ 

"^^SS^^nX^  extending  eastwards  to  Africa  as 


TACHTTE8. 


189 


far  as  the  Gambia.  $  .  Le7iffth  20  ;  exj).  32  mm.  J  .  Length  16 ; 
ex  p.  32  mm. 

366.  Tachytes  saundersii,  n.  sp. 

2  .  Head — the  eyes  strongly  convergent  above,  the  front  and 
clypeus  densely,  the  base  of  the  mandibles  and  the  cheeks  thinly 
pubescent ;  the  vertex  punctured,  divided  by  a  conspicuously  im- 
pressed longitudinal  line  ending  in  a  deep  semicircular  furrow 
behind  the  posterior  ocelli ;  thorax  with  a  short,  moderately  dense 
pubescence,  the  surface  underneath  very  minutely  and  closely 
punctured,  giving  it  an  opaque  velvety  appearance  ;  median 
segment  slightly  more  coarsely  punctured,  with  a  mediil  lon- 
gitudinally impressed  line  from  base  ending  in  a  shining  sub- 
triangular  fovea  on  the  verge  of  the  rounded  posterior  portion 
of  the  segment ;  legs  densely  pilose ;  abdomen  shining,  the  dorsal 
surface  obscurely  aciculate;  the  posterior  margins  of  abdominal 
segments  1-4  above  with  transverse  broad  bands  of  silky  pile ; 
pygidial  area  large,  clothed  with  dense  stiff  pubescence.  Intense 
black ;  the  pubescence  on  the  head  and  the  dense  pile  on  the  tibiae 
and  tarsi  of  the  legs  of  a  rich  glittering  golden  colour,  on  the  thorax 
and  median  segment  it  is  fuscous  black,  with  a  rufous  tint  in 
certain  lights  ;  the  bands  on  the  abdomen  are  silvery  and  the  stiff 
hair  on  the  pygidial  area,  with  the  tibial  calcaria  and  spines  on  the 
legs,  ferruginous ;  wings  flavo-hyaUne,  with  a  rich  golden  effulgence 
in  certain  lights. 

cJ  similar  but  smaller ;  the  tibia  and  tarsi  of  the  anterior  and 
intermediate  legs,  and  the  femora,  tibite,  and  tarsi  of  the  posterior 
legs  reddish  ;  the  pubescence  on  the  pygidial  area  silvery. 

Var.  The  legs  entirely  black. 

Hah.  Tenasserim.  $  .  Length  20  ;  exp.  41  mm.  J .  Length 
15-17;  exp.  32-35  mm. 

367.  Tachytes  sinensis,  SmitJi,  Cat.  iv, -p.  299,  $;  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.- 

bot.  Ges.  Wim,  1884,  p.  407. 
Tachytes  rothneyi,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  139. 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  densely  pubescent,  the  pubescence  long 
and  silky  on  the  clypeus,  the  face  in  front,  and  the  median  seg- 
ment, short,  thick,  and  close  on  the  pro-  and  mesonotum,  the 
pleurae,  and  legs ;  on  the  scutellum,  which  is  large  and  prominent, 
it  is  rather  thin  and  fine;  the  surface  of  the  head  and  thorax 
under  the  pubescence  closely  and  finely  punctured ;  median  segment 
short,  abruptly  and  steeply  rounded  posteriorly,  with  a  fine  medial 
longitudinal  furrow  at  apex  not  extending  to  the  base  of  the 
segment ;  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  with  transverse  pilose 
bands,  which  \viden  laterally  on  the  apical  margins  of  the  basal  3 
(sometimes  basal  4)  segments ;  pygidial  area  large,  densely  pu- 
bescent. Black,  the  spines,  calcaria,  and  claws  of  the  legs  pale 
ferruginous  ;  the  pubescence  on  the  head  and  thorax  golden 
yellow,  the  transverse  bands  on  the  basal  segments  of  the  abdomen 
silvery,  the  short  stiff  pubescence  on  the  pygidial  area  ferruginous  ; 
wings  flavo-hyaline,  uervures  and  teguloe  rufo-testaeeous. 


190 


SI'HEGIDjE. 


Var.  The  mandibles,  and  the  femora,  tibifE,  and  tarsi  of  the  legs 
ruFo-testaceous,  the  pubescence  on  the  head  and  thorax  rich  ferru- 
ginous ;  wings  with  a  deep  golden  tint. 

J  similar,  but  the  pygidial  area  covered  wth  short  silvery 

pubescence.  .       t.t   .  i    m  •  r, 

Bah.  Sikhim  ;  Barrackpore  ;  Teuasserim  ;  North  China.     ^  . 
Length  17-19  ;  eXjp.  35-39  mm.     6  .  Length  18  ;  ex20.  36  mm. 

368  Tachytes  modesta.  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  299,  2  ;  Kohl,  Verh.  zool- 
bot.  Ges.  Wien,  1884,  p.  404;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc. 
(4)  ii,  1889,  p.  136. 
5  c?  .  Head — the  vertex  with  some  shallow  scattered  punctures  ; 
thorax  "very  finely  and  closely  punctured,  abdomen  shining ;  the 
clypeus,  face  in  front,  the  cheeks  behind  the  eyes,  the  pronotum, 
sides  and  apex  of  the  mesonotum,  postscutellum,  and  median 
segment  with  more  or  less  dense  pubescence, 
long  and  very  close  on  the  clypeus  and  the 
sides  of  the  median  segment ;  abdomen  thinly 
pubescent,  with  transverse  bands  of  glittering 
pile  on  the  apical  margins  of  the  basal  four 
segments  ;  pygidial  area  covered  with  dense  and 
stiff  (?)  or  sparse  (  d )  pubescence.  Elack, 
the  pubescence  on  the  head  and  thorax  pale 
•V    -       golden,  the  transverse  bands  on  the  abdomen 
Fig.  42.~Tachytes     and  the  stiff  hairs  on  the  pygidial  area  silvery  ; 
^M.  6.  i       the  apical  half  of  the  femora,  the  tibi^  and 
tarsi  testaceous  red  ;  wings  hyalme,  witli  a 

faint  yellow  tinge. 

Hah  Mussooree  (N.W.P.)  ;  Sikhim;  Bui-ma  ;  Tenasserim  ; 
China.     $  d.  Lencjth  11-15  ;  exp.  23-28  mm. 

369.  Tachytes  ornatipes,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889, 

p.  137. 

A  Very  closely  allied  to  T.  modesius,  Smith  ;  differs  in  the 
body,'  eapeciallv  the  abdomen,  being  longer  and  more  slender  m 
the  colour  of  the  legs,  which  are  black,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  the 
anterior  and  the  tarsi  of  the  intermediate  legs  only  being  testa- 
ceous, and  the  tibi*  of  the  intermediate  and  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of 
the  posterior  legs  fusco-testaceous ;  the  wings  m  T.  ornaUj^es,  too, 
are  ITL  whole,  somewhat  lighter  in  colour  than  in  T.  modesius. 

k2  Barrack^ore,  Bengal.  d-  Length  12;  ea-p.  22  mm. 
Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 

370.  Tachytes  nitidula. 

Crabro  nitidulus,  i^aJr.  -ET^i^Syrf.n,  p.  294. 

Tachytes  nitidula,  Dahlh  Hym  Eur.  i,  p.  4,0,  d  ,  J^olU, 

zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  1884  P  404. 
Tachytes  nitidulus.  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  298;  Cam.  Mem.  Mancn.  u.. 
Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  141. 
?.  Head  opaque,  the  vertex  sparsely  punctured,  a  deep 


TACnTTES. 


191 


A-sbaped  narrow  groove  behind  the  ocelli ;  thorax  finely  and  very 
closely  punctured;  the  head  and  thorax  pubescent,  densely  so  on 
the  ciypeus  and  front  of  the  face  and  on  the  median  segment 
laterally  and  at  apex,  the  last  somewhat  more  coarsely  punctured 
than  the  mesonotum ;  abdomen  with  the  surface  finely  aciculate 
(pilose  in  some  specimens),  and  dense  pubescent  bands  on  the  apical 
margins  of  segments  1-4.  Black,  the  pubescence  soft  and  silvery, 
that  on  the  pygidial  area  black  and  stiff ;  wings  hyaline,  with  a 
very  light  yellowish  tinge  ;  nervures  and  tegulte  testaceous. 

S  similar,  but  the  pubescence  brighter,  and  the  bands  on  the 
abdomen  broader. 

Bab.  Punjab  ;  Delhi  ;  Allahabad  ;  Barrackpore  ;  Madras  ; 
Burma ;  Tenasserim.     $  d .  Length  12-14 ;  exp.  22-26  mm. 

371.  Tachytes  vicina.  Cam.  Mem.  Manck.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889, 

p.  140,  rT . 

c? .  Head  and  thorax  closely  and  finely  punctured,  pruinose, 
median  segment  opaque,  the  punctures  dense  with  a  tendency  to 
run  into  transverse  striae,  especially  at  the  apex ;  the  segment  is 
about  the  length  of  the  mesonotum  and  is  roundly  truncate 
posteriorly,  with  a  shining  central  oval  fovea  at  the  verge  of  the 
truncation  above ;  abdomen  pruinose,  with  dense  pilose  transverse 
bands  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the  1st  to  4th  segments  above, 
the  pygidial  area  densely  pubescent.  Black,  the  pubescence  on 
the  head  and  face,  the  median  segment,  and  legs  soft  whitish  grey, 
slightly  fuscous  on  the  vertex  of  the  head ;  on  the  ciypeus,  on  the 
sides  and  apex  of  the  mesonotum,  and  on  the  apical  bands  of  the 
abdominal  segments  it  is  silvery;  wings  flavo-hyaline,  nervures  and 
tegulffl  testaceous. 

2  similar,  slightly  larger. 

Hah.  Tirhoot,  Bengal ;  Burma.  2  ■  Length  15  ;  exp.  28  mm. 
cj  .  Length  13  ;  exp.  25  mm. 

372.  Tachytes  vishnu. 

Tachvtps  virchu  (laps,  cal.),  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii, 
1889,  p.  138,  d- 

cJ .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  pubescent,  very 
minutely  and  closely  punctured  under  the  pubescence ;  ciypeus 
with  the  anterior  margin  depressed,  narrowly  smooth  and  shining ; 
vertex  with  a  shallow  depression,  the  ocellar  region  raised  slightly, 
with  a  fine  vertical  furrow  continued  down  the  front  from  the 
anterior  ocellus  ;  median  segment  not  so  long  as  the  mesonotum. 
narrow  posteriorly,  the  apex  truncate,  with  a  shining  vertical 
furrow,  the  sides,  top,  and  face  of  the  truncated  apex  finely  trans- 
versely striate.  Black,  dull  and  opaque,  the  posterior  femora  red, 
the  posterior  tibias  rufo-fuscous  ;  the  pubescence  on  the  front  and 
the  ciypeus  silvery  with  a  distinct  fulvous  tint,  that  on  the  thorax 
hoary  white  ;  on  the  abdomen  the  pubescence  forms  broad  silvery 
bands  on  the  apical  half  of  the  segments,  the  base  of  the  2nd 
segment  with  a  very  thin  short  pubescence  having  a  reddish  tint 


IQ2  BPHEGIDiE. 

in  certain  lights;  pygidial  area  short,  truncate  posteriorly,  and 
covered  wiS  a  thin  short  silvery  puhesceuce :  wings  hyahne, 
obscurely  fuscesceut  towards  the  apex  ;  nervures  and  tegulffi 

*'S?Mussooree.  d-  Length  8;  e.y.  16  mm.  ?  unknown. 
Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 

Genus  TACHYSPHEX. 

Sphex,  pt.,  Linn.  Syst.  Nat.  ed  x,  i,  p.  569  (1758) 
Lyrops,  pt.,  Latr.  Gm.  Crust.  Ins.  iv,  p.  71  (1809)- 
Tachvtes,  pt.,  Shuch.  Ess.  Ind.  Foss.  Hym.j^.  m  aQ?>n 
Tacliysphex,  Kohl,  Deutsch.  ent.  Zeit.  xxvii,  1883,  p.  ibb. 

Type,  T.fUcornis,  Kohl. 
Eange.  Both  hemispheres. 


mg,  4:5. —Tacht/sphex  testaceipes,  (S .  5 

cell  usually  mo„  truncate  »  .^eCa  in  jlS^tbe  2,,d 
broader  appendicular  ceU,  eubilal  J  ^,,«  '-'j  .1  Ite  legs 

receiving  botb  recurrent  ,J;™„trortbe  underside  at 

t^tierrsir'n^ti.edia|t.^^^ 

.orreLTw.t;°retsL'ai5^  a-  to  tbo.  o^ 


TACHYSPHEX. 


193 


Key  to  the  Species. 


A.  Ilend,  tliorax,  and  abdomen  entirely  black.  _ 

a.  Tarsi  black    ^.  hengahnm.  p  193. 

h.  Tarsi  bright  testaceous   T.  testacetpes,  p.  193. 

B.  Head,  thorax,  and  apical  segments  of  abdo- 

men black,  basal  two  or  more  segments 
rod. 

a.  Pubescence  on  the  head  and  face  golden.    T.  auriceps,  p.  194. 
h.  Pubescence  on  the  head  and  face  silvery. 
a'.  Median  segment  punctured. 

d-.  A  medial  longitudinal  furrow  from 

base  to  apex  of  median  segment  .  .     T.  argyreus,  p.  194. 
h'.  Median  segment  furrowed  only  at 

the  apex  •  ■  •    T.  enjthrog aster,  p.  195. 

v.  Median  segment  transversely  striate 

above,  obliquely  striate  on  the  sides  .    T.  rufo-nigei\  p.  195. 


373.  Tachysphex  bengalensis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soe.  (4)  ii^ 
1889,  p.  144,  $  . 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  closely  punctured,  median  segment  above 
somewhat  coarsely  reticulate,  abdomen  smooth,  dull,  and  opaque  ; 
head  with  the  front,  clypeus,  and  cheeks  densely  pilose,  a  A- 
shaped  groove  behind  the  ocelli,  with  a  narrow  impressed  line  or 
furrow  rimning  from  it  to  the  anterior  ocellus ;  clypeus  raised 
in  the  middle,  with  the  anterior  margin  narrowly  transversely 
depressed,  smooth  and  shining ;  median  segment  short,  broad, 
with  a  steep  slope  posteriorly,  almost  truncate,  covered  with  a 
thin  soft  pubescence  ;  abdomen  with  the  posterior  margins  of  the 
1st  to  5th  segments  with  broad  transverse  bands  of  fine  silky 
pile  ;  pygidial  area  bare,  shining,  sparsely  punctured.  Black,  the 
pubescence  white,  the  dense  pile  on  the  front  and  cheeks,  and  the 
transverse  bands  on  the  margins  of  the  abdominal  segments 
silvery  in  certain  lights ;  wings  hyaline,  the  apical  margins 
narrowly  pubescent. 

Hob.  Tirhoot,  Bengal ;  Tenasserim.  2  •  Length  8-10 ;  e.vp.  15- 
18  mm.    6  unknown. 


374,  Tachysphex  testaceipes,  n.  sp. 

.  Head  with  the  front,  base  of  the  clypeus,  and  the  cheeks 
densely  pubescent  :  clypeus  lightly  punctured  anteriorly,  the 
margin  slightly  arched ;  the  vertex  punctured,  a  deep  A-shaped 
furrow  behind  the  pad  of  the  ocelli ;  thorax  and  median  segment 
with  a  thin  soft  short  pubescence,  the  former  closely  punctured  ; 
the  scutellum  prominent  and  shining ;  median  segment  truncate 
posteriorly,  above  and  at  apex  coarsely  reticulate,  punctured  on 
the  sides ;  abdomen  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax  united, 
massive,  the  posterior  margins  of  the  1st  to  5th  segments  with 
broad  transverse  bands  of  silky  pile.  Black,  with  a  hoary 
appearance  from  the  thin,  short,  white  pubescence  on  the  thorax 
VOL.  I.  o 


194  SrHBGID*. 

and  the  transverse  pilose  bands  on  the  abdomen  ;  these  latter 
and  the  pubescence  on  the  front  of  the  head  and  clypeus 
brilliantly  silvery  in  certain  lights;  legs  black,  the  tarsi  and 
tibial  caicaria  testaceous,  in  marked  contrast  with  the  upper  part 
ol:  the  legs ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent ;  nervures  and  tegulaj 
pale  testaceous. 

Eah.  Tenasserim.     d  .  Length  7-9  ;  eccp.  ll-M  mm.    lype  in 
the  British  Museum. 

A  true  TachysjjJiea; ;  the  anterior  femora  conspicuously  emar- 

ginate  at  base. 

375.  Tachysphex  auriceps,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc  (4)  ii,  1889, 
p.  145,  $  d- 

2  Head  densely,  thorax  more  sparsely  pubescent,  the  pu- 
bescence longer  and  most  dense  on  the  clypeus,  the  front  and 
sides  of  the  median  segment ;  head  and  thorax  finely  and  closely 
punctured ;  ocellar  area  raised,  longitudinally  furrowed,  the  furrow 
produced  backward  on  to  the  vertex  and  forward  on  the  front; 
behind  the  ocelli  there  is  also  a  well-marked  A-shaped  turrow  ; 
clypeus  slightly  produced  anteriorly,  arched  ;  median  segment 
punctured,  rugose,  the  apex  transversely  striate.  Elack,  the 
mibescence  golden ;  the  apex  of  the  femora,  the  tibite  and  tarsi,  and 
the  basal  two  segments  of  the  abdomen  red,  the  apical  margins  of 
the  Ist  to  5th  segments  with  transverse  medially  interrupted 
bands  of  glittering  silvery  pile ;  wings  light  flavo-hyahne,  tegulse 
and  nervures  testaceous. 

d  shnilar,  the  pubescence  more  dense,  the  eyes  above  more 
convergent,  the  basal  segments  of  the  abdomen  shaded  with 

^^^Rab.  Bombav ;  Bangalore ;  Ceylon.  ?  .  Length  11-12  ;  exp.  21- 
23  mm.     d  .  Length  9-10 ;  exp.  20  mm. 

376.  Tachysphex  argyreus.  ,  , 

Larrada  argyrea,  .^«nVA,  C-^^'/^' P,  ^'6,  d  ("^'^  2  ); 
Tachysphel  argyrea,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889, 

p.  143. 

0  Head  and  thorax  pubescent,  finely  and  closely  punctured 
under  the  pubescence,  the  eyes  strongly  convergent  at  the  vertex  ; 
clypeus  with  the  anterior  margin  broadly  rounded ;  medinn 
segment  very  closelv  and  minutely  punctiired,  rouncUy  truncate 
posteriorly,  bearing- above  an  abbreviated  medial  longitudinal 
Eroove  no^t  reaching  the  base,  but  continued  over  the  tmicate 
posterior  face  of  the  segment  nearly  to  the  apex  ;  legs  with  long 
fhTn  pubescence;  abdomen  dull  and  opaque,  the  surface  above 
finely  aciculate.  Black,  the  pubescence  sdvery  white,  manddiles 
ferriLnTu  with  ihe  tibia  and  tarsi  rufo-testaceous  :  abdo- 

men rXtbe  margins  of  the  segments  with  broad  obscui^  bands 
interrupted  alonf  the  median  line)  of  silvery  pile  ;  wings  hyaline, 
iridescent. 


TACHYSPHKX. — LARTIA . 


195 


Var.  With  the  clypeus  reddish,  the  3rd-5th  segments  poste- 
riorly fuscous. 

cJ  similar,  but  with  tlie  pubescence  and  silvery  pile  more 
dense,  the  eyes  more  convergent  at  the  vertex,  and  only  the  basal 
three  and  tiie  apical  abdominal  segments  red. 

Hah.  North-West  Provinces  :  JMussooree,  7000  ft.  $  .  Lenr/lh 
12  ;  exj).  22  mm.     cf  •  Length  9  ;  exj).  14  mm. 

'677.  Tachysphex  erythrogaster.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soo. 
(4)  ii,  1889,  p.  143,  $ . 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  pubescent,  rugosely  punctured  underneath 
the  pubescence ;  clypeus  ti-uncate  anteriorly,  the  sides  oblique, 
labrum  incised  ;  ocellar  area  raised,  broadly  furrowed  down  the 
middle ;  median  segment  with  a  furrow  at  apex :  abdomen  with 
transverse  bands  of  silky  pile  on  the  apical  margins  of  the  lst-5th 
segments  above.  Blade,  the  head  and  thorax  covered  with  dense 
silvery  pubescence  ;  the  scape  of  the  antennaa,  the  clypeus,  legs, 
and  the  abdomen  red,  the  transverse  pilose  bands  on  the  last 
silvery ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  brown,  tegular  pale  reddish. 
Hah.  Bombay;  Bangalore.     $  .  Length  13;  exp.  25  mm. 

378.  Tachysphex  rufo-niger,  n.  sp. 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  closely  and  very  minutely  punctured,  the 
face,  clypeus,  and  cheeks  more  or  less  densely  pilose,  the  vertex  with 
a  A-shaped  furrow  behind  the  posterior  ocelli,  the  mesonotum, 
scutellum,  and  postscutellum  slightly  shining  ;  the  median 
segment  above  finely  and  transversely  and  on  the  sides  obliquely 
striate,  the  apex  roundly  truncate  and  with  the  sides  slightly 
pubescent;  abdomen  long,  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax 
united,  segments  1-5  with  transverse  bands  of  silky  pile  on 
their  posterior  margins;  pygidial  area  large,  bare,  and  sparsely 
punctured.  Black,  the  basal  three  abdominal  segments  red,  the 
apical  third  of  the  3rd  segment  with  a  fuscous  baud,  the  4th  and 
5th  with  their  apical  margins  narrowly  testaceous ;  legs  black, 
■with  the  apical  three  joints  of  the  tarsi  reddish  ;  the  silky  pile  on 
the  bead  and  on  the  abdomen  has  a  silvery  lustre  in  certain  lights ; 
wings  very  light  fusco-hyaline. 

Hah.  North-West  Provinces.  $.  Length  9-10;  exp.  16  mm. 
<S  unknown.    Type  in  British  Museum. 

Genus  LAERA. 

Larra,  LaU:  PrSeis  Caract.  Gen.  Ins.  p.  116,  17  gen.  (1796). 

Liris,  Illiff.  Edit.  Faun.  Mrusc.  ii,  p.  101  (1807). 

Tacbytes,  pt.,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  239  (1846). 

Larrada,  pt.,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  274  (1856). 

Larra,  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  1884,  p.  65. 

Type,  L.  anathema,  Eossi. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

o  2 


196 


SPHBGIDJE. 


Head  very  little  wider  tban  the  thorax ;  mandibles  eniar- 
ginate  near  the  middle  of  the  outer  margin,  apex  of  the  mandibles 
simple,  not  dentate  ;  eyes  slightly  convergent  towards  the  vertex; 
ocelli  irregular,  the  anterior  being  normal,  the  posterior  two 

more  or  less  ill-formed  or  obsolete ; 
pronotum  transverse  posteriorly,  not, 
or  scarcely  at  all,  depressed  below  the 
level  of  the  mesonotum ;  fore  wing  with 
one  radial  and  three  cubital  cells,  the 
radial  cell  appendiculated :   the  first 
cubital  cell  equal  in  length  to  the  2nd 
and   3rd  united;  the  2nd  and  3rd 
much   narrowed  above  towards  the 
radial  cell ;  2nd  often  almost  trian- 
gular ;  the  3rd  elongate,  rather  tongue- 
shaped  ;  legs   short  and   stout,  the 
intermeu.>xt«  .xu,«,  w..^   one  spur,  the  claws  not  particularly 
slender  or  long ;  abdomen  with  the  2nd  ventral  segment  normal, 
not  convexly  raised  in  the  middle  ;  the  pygidial  area  weU-marked, 
bare,  without  pubescence,  punctured. 


Fig.  44. 
La/rra  carbonaria,  5 . 

intermediate  tibise  with 


■  Key  to  the  Species.  . 

A  Abdomen  more  or  less  red. 

a.  Front  of  head  with  a  promment  raised  . 

transverse  margm  or  ridge   -^^  Jusapennis,  p.  ±vi . 

b.  Front    sulcate   without  any  transverse 

margin. 

a'  Median  segment  very  finely  and  densely 
punctured,  the  punctures  running  into 
striaj:  posterior  wing  clear  hyaline 

along  its  posterior  margin   sumatrana,  p.  198. 

b'  Median  segment  not  so  densely  punc- 
•    tured;  posterior  margin  of  hind  wmg  . 

fuscous   '  ^ 

B  Abdomen  entirely  black. 

a  Median  segment  coarsely  reticulate.  t      ■  1.  los 

a  '.  Of  small  size  (L.  7  mm.)  

b'.  Of  much  larger  size  (L.  22  mm.)    ....    X.  carbonarm,  p.  198. 
b.  Median  segment  punctured  or  striate. 
a'.  Legs  more  or  less  red. 

a''.  Posterior  femora  only  red. 

a'  Median  segment  closely  and  finely 
pimctured,  the  punctures  running 
mto  strisB  above;  hmd  wmg 
much  fighter  in  colour  than  fore    ^  ^ 

wmg  ■  •  •  •  

53  Median  segment  not  so  finely  punc- 
tured, narrowly  reticulate  along 
^^^g  '    L.  matira,  p. 

b\  AU  the  femora,  "tibiee,  and  tarsi  of 

legs  red   L.  rujipes,^.^^. 


LAURA. 


197 


b'.  Legs  Hack. 

a'.  Form  very  sleuder ;  abdomen  mucn 
louger  than  head  and  thorax  united  ; 
median  segment  coarsely  trans- 
versely striate  :  length  ]8  mm   L.  elegans,  p.  197. 

b-.  Form  not  particularly  slender,  abdo- 
men not  remarkably  long  ;  median 
segment  finely  transversely  striate : 
length  10  mm. 
Anterior  ocellus  normal,  round  . .    L.  nana,  p.  200. 
¥.  Anterior  ocellus  elongate,  pointed 

in  front  and  back   L.  nigriventris,  p.  201. 


379.  Larra  elegans,  n.  sp. 

$  .  Closely  resembles  Notogonia  laboriosa.  Smith  (p.  204),  in 
coloration,  but  the  pile  oii  the  face  and 
thorax  is  more  dense,  and  the  bands  on  the 
abdomen  brighter  and  more  silvery,  wings 
without  the  fuscous  apical  margins.  In 
form  and  sculpture  it  is  of  course  very 
different.  Long  and  slender ;  the  abdomen 
elongate,  about  one-quarter  of  its  own 
length,  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax 
united ;  the  pronotum  not  depressed ;  the 
median  segment  coarsely  transversely 
Fig.  45.  striate,  a  medial  longitudinal  carina  from 

Larra  elegans,  2  •  base  to  verge  of  the  truncated  portion 
of  the  segment ;  pygidial  area  bare,  without  pubescence,  punc- 
tured. 

Hah.  Tenasserim.  ? .  Length  18  ;  exp.  22  mm.  <S  un- 
known. 

380.  Larra  fascipennis.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889, 

p.  126. 

cj.  Head  and  thorax  in  front  finely  and  rather  closely 
punctured,  the  punctures  much  finer  on  the  scutellum  and  post- 
scutellum;  clypeus  and  front  to  above  the  base  of  the  antenna 
densely  pubescent ;  the  front  above  transversely  margined,  the 
sides  above  the  margin  next  the  inner  orbits  raised,  a  deep  trans- 
verse sulcation  behind  the  ocellar  region  ;  median  segment  longer 
than  the  mesonotum,  posteriorly  truncate,  finely  punctured,  and 
thinly  pubescent ;  abdomen  smooth,  the  posterior  margins  of  the 
basal  six  segments  with  transverse  thin  pilose  bands  ;  the  pygidial 
area  thinly  pubescent.  Black,  the  basal  two  abdominal  segments 
red,  with  the  centre  above  black,  the  margins  of  the  basal  six 
segments  testaceous  ;  the  pubescence  white,  the  transverse  bands 
on  the  abdomen  silvery ;  wings  light  fuscous,  the  basal  cell  of  the 
fore,  and  the  base  of  the  hind  wing  clear  hyaline. 

Hab.  Tirhoot,  Bengal,  d  .  Length  13  ;  exp.  25  mm.  Type  in 
coll.  Eothney. 


198 


381.  Larra  tisiphone. 

Luri  ada  tiaiphoue,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  103,  2  . 
Larra  tisiphone,  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  18tS4,  p.  248 ; 

Cam.  Mem.  Munch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1880,  p.  125. 
Notogonia  tisiphone,  Birtffh.  P.  Z.  S.  1896,  p.  442. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  in  front  very  minutely  and  closely  punc- 
tured, opaque,  the  scutellum  and  postscutellum  more  widely 
punctured,  head  in  front  and  clypeus  densely  pruinose ;  median 
segment  somewhat  coarsely  reticulate,  steeply  sloped  posteriorly, 
almost  truncate,  with  a  medial  narrow  furrow  down  the  middle  of 
the  steeply  sloped  portion  ;  abdomen  smooth  and  shinino;,  the  basal 
four  segments  with  transverse  pruinose  bands  on  their  posterior 
margins.  Jet-black  ;  the  clypeus,  face  in  front,  the  cheeks,  sides 
of  the  median  segment,  the  legs,  and  the  transverse  abdominal 
bands  covered  with  silvery  pile ;  wings  light  fusco-hyaline  and 
iridescent. 

Hab.  Ceylon ;  Tenasserim  ;  Borneo.    ?  .  Length  7  ;  exj^.  14  mm. 
cJ  unknown. 


382.  Larra  sumatrana,  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  1883,  p.  354  ; 
Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  12fi. 

2  .  Head  on  the  vertex  above,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum 
and  postscutellum  very  finely  and  closely  punctured,  the  front 
above  the  antennae  with  three  deep  sulcations,  very  smooth  and 
shining ;  median  segment  more  densely  and  closely  punctured 
than  the  rest  of  the  thorax,  the  punctures  nmning  almost  into 
transverse  strise  ;  posteriorly  the  median  segment  is  truncate,  with 
the  edge  of  the  truncation  above  somewhat  rounded,  the  sides 
of  the  segment  are  slightly  compressed  towards  the  base ;  abdomen 
smooth,  polished,  pygidial  area  triangular,  sparsely  punctured. 
Black,  the  basal  four  segments  of  the  abdomen  dark  red,  the 
5th  and  6th  black,  sometimes  slightly  reddish;  wings  da,rk 
dull  fuscous,  the  hind  wing  clear  hyaline  along  its  posterior 
margin. 

Eab.  Sumatra  (KoJil)  ;  Tenasserim.  2  •  Length  18-20  ;  exp. 
32-36  mm.    <S  unknown. 


383.  Larra  carbonaria. 

Larrada  carbonaria,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  18o8,  p.  10^  2  • 
Larra  carbonaria.  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wten,  1884,  p.  242 ; 
Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  125. 

2  .  Head  smooth  and  sparsely,  thorax  closely  and  very  finely 
and  evenly  punctured  ;  abdomen  impuuctate,  highly  polished  and 
shinin<^ ;  median  segment  about  as  long  as  the  rest  of  the  thorax 
narrowed  slightly  and  abruptly  truncate  posteriorly,  the  edge  ot 
the  truncation  above  rounded,  the  dorsal  surface  of  the  segment 
somewhat  coarsely  reticulate,  the  face  of  the  truncated  apex 
coarsely  transversely  striate,  a  much  abbreviated  but  marked 


LARUA. 


199 


medial  longitudinal  carina  at  the  base,  and  the  truncated  portion 
with  a  deep  vertical  furrow.  Intense  black  ;  wiugs  dark  fuscous 
brown,  suffused  with  a  rich  purple  effulgence. 

Bab.  Tenasserim  ;  Singapore.  $  .  Length  22;  exp.  36  mm. 
Bare  in  Tenasserim. 

384.  Larra  erratica,  n.  sp. 

$ .  Head  and  thorax  finek  and  very  closely  punctured ;  the 
clypeus  transverse,  much  broader  than  long,  its  anterior  margin 
boldly  arched  ;  median  segment  long,  as  long  as  the  head  and  rest 
of  thorax  ujiited,  truncate  posteriorly;  above  and  on  the  sides 
closelv  punctured,  the  punctures  above  running  into  transverse 
strife,"  the  face  of  the  truncation  divided  by  a  vertical  furrow ; 
abdomen  smooth,  shining,  and  impunctate.  Intense  black,  the 
posterior  femora  blood-red ;  wings  fuscous,  the  hind  wing  clearer, 
especially  at  base,  the  fore  wing  with  a  brilliant  coppery  efful- 
gence. 

S  similar,  but  smaller ;  the  face  in  front  with  dense  silvery 
pile,  the  median  segment  with  coarser  punctures  and  a  short 
longitudinal  medial  carina  at  base  above. 

Eah.  Ceylon ;  Tenasserim.  $  .  Length  15-19 ;  exp.  24- 
32  mm.     6  .  Length  17  ;  exp.  28  mm. 

Eesembles  L.  glabrata,  Smith,  from  Celebes,  which,  however, 
is  more  coarsely  punctured  and  has  all  the  femora  red. 

385.  Larra  simillima. 

Larrada  simillima.  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  275,  $  . 

Larra  sunillima,  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  1884,  p.  247  ; 
Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  125. 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  closely  and  strongly  punctured,  thinly 
pubescent;  clypeus  much  broader  than  long,  its  anterior  niargin 
arched,  very  slightly  emarginate  on  either  side  of  the  middle : 
median  segment  long,  very  little  more  coarsely  punctured  than  the 
mesonotum,  concavo-truncate  posteriorly,  slightly  constricted  at 
base,  and  gradually  but  perceptibly  widening  to  the  truncated 
apex  ;  abdomen  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax  together,  obscurely 
pruinose;  pygidial  area  bare,  with  fine  lateral  grooves  and  a  few 
scattered  punctures.  Black,  the  basal  four  segments  of  the  abdo- 
men red  ;  wings  dark  fuscous  with  a  slight  purplish  effulgence. 

Eab.  India ;  Africa  (Smith)  ;  Tirhoot,  Bengal  {Rothnexj  coll.). 
§  .  Length  20  ;  exp.  28  mm. 

386.  Larra  maura. 

Sphex  maura,  Fdbr,  Ent.  Sj/st.  ii,  p.  212. 
Pompilus  maunis,  Fabr.  Ent.  Si/st.  Suppl.  p.  247. 
Liris  maura,  Fabr.  St/st.  Piez.  p.  230. 
Larrada  maura,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  277. 

Larra  maura.  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  1884,  p.  245 ;  Cam. 
Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  125. 


200 


SPHEGIDJE. 


$ .  Head  and  thorax  minutely  and  closely  punctured  and 
thinly  pubescent,  head  shining  ;  clypeus  much  broader  than  long, 
its  anterior  margin  widely  arched;  median  segment  truncate, 
posteriorly  closely  but  rather  more  coarsely  punctured,  at  base 
narrowly  reticulate,  and  bearing  a  medial  longitudinal  shallow 
i'urrow  with,  iu  the  middle,  a  carina  along  its  length  up  to  the 
verge  of  the  truncate  posterior  portion ;  abdomen  smooth  and 
shining,  with  transverse  bands  of  siliiy  pile,  which  are  broadened 
laterally  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the  Ist-Sth  segments  above, 
these  bauds  being  only  visible  in  certain  lights.  Black,  the 
pubescence  and  pile  silvery  white,  the  mandibles  and  the  scape  of 
tlie  antenniB  in  front  ruib-fuscous,  the  posterior  femora  bright 
red  ;  wings  very  light  fusco-hyaline. 

Hah.  Tranquebar  {Fahr.) ;   Northern  India.     $  .  Length  15 ; 
exp.  24  mm. 

It  is  with  some  doubt  that  I  identify  one  specimen  contained 
La  the  collection  at  South  Kensington  with  this  species.  Of  the 
4  specimens  labelled  Larrada  maura  in  the  Museum,  three  are 
without  doubt  Notogonia  suUessellata,  Smith,  having  the  pronotum 
depressed  below  the  level  of  the  mesonotum,  the  pygidial  area 
pubescent,  and  the  claws  of  the  tarsi  rather  long ;  the  4th  is  a  true 
Larra,  with  the  pronotum  not  or  scarcely  depressed,  the  pygidial 
area  bare  and  punctured,  and  claws  of  the  tarsi  short.  It 
resembles  Larra  glabrata,  Smith,  but  is  quite  distinct  from  it,  and 
possibly  is  the  species  described  by  Fabricius. 

387.  Larra  nana,  n.  sp. 

9  Head,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum  and  postscutellum 
smooth,  opaque,  the  surface  only  finely  aciculate ;  median  segment 
finely  transversely  striate  ;  head  broader  than  the  thorax,  the  eyes 
convergent  towards  the  vertex ;  the  fi-ont  sulcate ;  the  clypeus 
densely  pilose  ;  the  median  segment  as  long  as  the  pro-  and  meso- 
notum united,  the  sides  densely  pilose  ;  abdomen  pramose,  with 
indistinct  transverse  bands  visible  only  in  certain  lights  on  the 
posterior  margins  of  the  lst-5th  segments ;  pygidial  area  large, 
bare,  sparsely  punctured,  and  with  a  shallow  furrow  along  the 
lateral  margins  not  reaching  the  apex  of  the  segment.  Jet-black, 
with  silvery  pile  ;  wings  hyaline  with  a  yellowish  tinge,  nervures 
and  tegulee  testaceous. 

Hah.  Tenasserim.  $  .  Length  10  ;  exp.  16  mm.  d  unknown. 
Type  in  the  British  Museum. 


388.  Larra  ruiipes.  o    -.onn  o 

Larrada  rutipea,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1859,  p.  l/,  ¥  • 
Larra  rufipes,  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wicn,  1884,  p.  ^4/. 
9    Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pruinose,  and  very  minutely 

and  closely  punctured;  clypeus  much  broader  than  long,  trans- 


LAHEA. — NOTOGONIA.  201 

Yerse,  anterior  and  basal  margins  parallel  and  boldly  arched ; 
median  segment  above  finely  transversely  striate,  on  the  sides- 
smooth ;  abdomen  long,  slender,  with  the  pygidial  area  bare  and 
punctured,  the  basal  ventral  segment  longitudinally  carinated  and 
with  some  coarse  strice  on  the  margin ;  tarsal  claws  long  and  slender. 
Black,  the  head  and  clypeus  in  front,  the  posterior  margin  of  the 
pronotum,and  broad  transverse  bands  on  the  apical  margins  of  the 
Ist^oth  segments  of  the  abdomen  bright  silvery  ;  the  legs,  except 
the  coxae  and  trochanters,  red. 

Var.  With  anterior  legs  above  and  the  base  of  the  femora  o£ 
all  the  legs  dusky  black. 

c?  similar,  but  smaller. 

Rab.  Celebes;  Tenasserim.  $.  Length  13;  exj>.  18  mm.  d  • 
Length  10  ;  exp.  15  mm. 

389.  Larra  nigriventris.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889, 
p.  127. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pilose ;  clypeus  short,  broad, 
slightly  projecting  in  the  middle  at  apex  and  carinated ;  vertex 
depressed,  a  wide  furrow  along  the  inner  orbits,  a  medial  shallow 
furrow  on  the  front,  bifurcating  at  the  anterior  ocellus ;  posterior 
ocelli  obsolete,  anterior  ocellus  pointed  anteriorly  ;  median  segment 
above  opaque,  sides  and  apex  striate ;  abdomen  long,  slender ; 
pygidial  area  bare,  with  very  fine  punctures.  Black,  the  clypeus 
with  dense  silvery  pubescence;  the  rest  of  the  head,  the  thorax, 
and  abdomen  with  silky  short  silvery  pile,  seen  only  in  certain 
lights  ;  the  pile  on  the  abdomen  denser  on  the  apical  margins  of 
the  lst-5th  segments,  forming  transverse  glittering  bands  :  wings 
light  flavo-hyaline,  broadly  fuscous  along  the  apical  margins ; 
nervures  and  tegulse  testaceous. 

(5  similar,  but  vrith  the  median  segment  more  coarsely  striate. 

Hab.  Barrackpore ;  Tirhoot ;  North-West  Provinces  ;  Poona  ; 
Bombay ;  Pegu  Hills,  Bm-ma ;  Tenasserim.  $  .  Length  10-12  ; 
exp.  18-20  mm.     S  •  Length  9-10 ;  exp.  17-20  mm. 

Genus  NOTOGONIA. 

Tachytea,  pt.,  Dahlb.  Hym.  Eur.  i,  p.  468  (1845). 
Larrada,  pt.,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  274  (1856). 

Notoofonia,  Costa,  Ann.  Mus.  Zool.  Univ.  Napoli,  iv,  pp.  80,  82 
(1867). 

Type,  N.  nigra.  Van  d.  Lind. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  wider  than  the  thorax ;  mandibles  incised  on  the  outer 
margin  near  the  middle,  and  with  one  blunt  tooth  on  the  inner 
margin  nearer  the  base  ;  eyes  convergent  at  vertex,  especially  so  in 
the  male ;  the  pronotum  small  and  depressed  below  and  under  the 
level  of  the  mesonotum ;  fore  wing  as  in  Larra,  with  one  radini 


202 


SPHEGIBjE. 


and  three  cubital  cells,  the  radial  cell  trunrate  at  apex  and  apppn- 
diculate,  the  cubital  cells  similar  in  size  and  form  to  those  in  the 

fore  wing  of  Larra  ;  legs  longer  than 
in  that  genus,  with  the  claws  of  the 
tarsi  more  slender  and  much  longer  ; 
the   intermediate    tibiae   with  one 
apical  spur ;  abdomen  long,  the  2nd 
ventral  segment  with  a  marked  con- 
aauj,-"    vexity  near  its  base ;   the  pygidial 
Wlr      area,"especially  in  the  female,  covered 
with  a  dense  short  pubescence. 
Fig  46.  Notogonia,    like   Larra    and  the 

Kotogonia  sulitessellata,  I.  majority  of  the  other  allied  genera, 
is  predatory  on  various  species  of  crickets.  I  have  often  seen 
iV.  subtesseliata,  Smith,  dragging,  with  immense  labour  and  pains, 
a  half-paralyzed  cricket  twice  or  three  times  as  big  as  itselt  to  its 
nest-hole. 

Key  to  the  Swedes. 

A .  Legs  more  or  less  red. 

a.  Posterior  femora  only  red;  pile  on  the 

L^lii? mm.' .  ""t .  .'"'r". .  N.  suUessellata,  p.  202. 

b.  Posterior  femora  black ;    pile   on  the 

L^lisO  mm.'  . •  •  ^-  ^O^- 

^■^'-§^:tl^t;...,  and  legs  golden  ....    N.  ,e,lanata  (var.) 
b.  Pile   on   head,   thorax,    and    abdomen  LP-  ^"•5- 

silvery.  . 
a'  "Wino-s  light  fusco-hyalme,  witli  no 
tinge  of  yellow  ;   sides  of  median 

segment  obliquely  striate  •    2^.  lahoriom,  p.  204. 

V.  Wings  hyaline,  with  a  decided  tinge  ot 

yellow.  , 
(C-.  Sides  of  median  segment  transversely 

striate.  L.  12-14  mm  •  •    T^-  .lacuMvix,  p.  203. 

b\  Sides  of  median  segment  coarsely 

reticulate.  L.  8-11  mm   N.  tnstis,^. 


390.  Notogonia  subtesseliata. 

Larrada  subtesseliata,  SrniM,  Ca<  IV,  p. ¥•  .. 
Notogonia  subtesseliata.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  hoc.  (.4)  ii, 

1889,  p.  130.  . 
Larrada  exiHpes,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  ^/B,  d- 
P  Head  and  thorax  very  minutely  and  closely  punctured, 
or Jnosf  scuLllum  bare,  shining;  median  segment  hney  rugose 
nWP  with  a  medial  longitudinal  carina  not  reaching  the  apex 
?Je  sides  and  the  fl  of  die  posterior  truncation  at  the  lateral 
marS  transversely  striate  and  densely  pruinose ;  abdomen  dull, 


NOTOQONIA. 


203 


opaque,  the  margins  of  segments  1-5  above  with  broad  transverse 
bands  of  thin  sericeous  pile ;  the  pygidial  area  on  the  apical 
segment  covered  with  short  dense  pubescence.  Dull  black,  the 
pile  on  the  clypeus,  front,  sides,  and  apex  of  the  median  segment, 
and  on  the  abdomen  silvery ;  on  the  lateral  margins  of  the  pro- 
and  mesonotum  it  has  a  golden  tinge  ;  the  short  pubescence  on 
the  pygidial  area  yellowish  ;  posterior  femora  blood-red  ;  wings  in 
the  type  specimen  subhyaline,  ordinarily,  however,  hyaline  and 
iridescent. 

c?  similar,  but  slighter  and  smaller,  with  the  median  segment 
more  coarsely  rugose  and  transversely  striate  on  the  sides. 

Hah.  Northern  India  ;  Barrackpore  ;  Poena  ;  Burma  ;  Tenas- 
serim  ;  Ceylon.  $  .  Length  11-13 ;  exp.  20-24  mm.  d  .  Length  8  ; 
exjp.  16  mm. 

391.  Notogonia  deplanata.  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wim,  1883, 

p.  358,  5 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  130. 
Liris  hsemorrhoidalis,  Bimjh.  (nec  Fab?:)  P.  Z.  S.  1896,  p.  443. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  more  or  less  densely  pruinose  ; 
the  head,  pro-  and  mesonotum  underneath  the  pile  very  minutely 
and  closely  punctured  ;  median  segment  long,  as  long  as  the  head 
and  thorax  united,  finely  transversely  rugose ;  the  striae  slightly 
oblique  at  the  base,  from  which  a  short  medial  longitudinal  carina 
extends  halfway  down  the  length  of  the  median  segment ;  abdomen 
smooth  underneath  the  pile,  with  exceedingly  minute  close  punc- 
tures. Black ;  the  head,  thorax,  median  segment  on  the  sides,  the 
legs,  and  the  abdomen  covered  with  dense  golden  pile;  the  tibiae 
and  tarsi  ferruginous  red  ;  wings  flavo-hyaline,  the  apical  margins 
broadly  fuscous. 

Vai:  The  tibiae  and  tarsi  eoncolorous  with  the  rest  of  the  body, 
the  wings  not  infuscated  at  apex. 
d  similar  but  smaller. 

Mab.  Sikhim  ;  Tenasserim  ;  Ceylon.  ?  .  Length  17-20  ;  exp. 
32-36  mm.    d  .  Length  17  ;  e.vp,  32  mm. 

392.  Notogonia  jaculatrix. 

Larrada  jaciilator,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  279,  5 . 

Notogonia  jaculator,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889, 
p.  129.  ^ 

5 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pruinose ;  the  clypeus,  face  in 
front,  and  the  cheeks  behind  the  eyes  densely  so  ;  the  head,  pro- 
and  mesonotum  very  minutely  and  closely  punctured;  median 
segment  subcylindrical  above,  posteriorlv  truncate,  transversely 
and  finely  striate  and  pruinose  on  the  sides ;  abdomen  dull  and 
opaque,  segments  1-4  pruinose,  with  the  base  of  the  1st  segment 
broadly,  and  large  jjosteriorly  rounded  lateral  spots  on  the 
segments  2-4  smooth  not  pruinose,  the  5th  segment  with  a  narrow 


204  sphegtd;e. 

medial  longitudinal  streak,  and  the  apical  margin  narrowly  prui- 
nose ;  apical  segment  with  the  pygidial  area  set  with  short  stitt 
hairs.  Black  with  silvery  pile;  the  pygidial  area  with  silvery 
pubescence,  which  in  certain  lights  has  a  golden  tint  ;  wings 
kavo-hyaliue,  darker  towards  the  base  and  along  the  costal  margin 
of  the  fore  wing  ;  the  apical  margins  faintly  f uscescent 

Hah.  Barrackpore ;  Mussooree ;  Poona  ;  Pegu  Hills,  Burma  ; 
Tenasserim.     ?  6  ■  Length  12-14 ;  exp.  22-26  mm. 

393.  Notogonia  laboriosa. 

Larracla  laborisa,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  278,  5  • 

2  Head  and  thorax  very  closely  and  minutely  punctured  ;  the 
clypeus  and  face  in  front  lightly  pruinose ;  scutellum  impunctate, 
polished,  and  shining;  median  segment  slightly  narrowed  pos- 
teriorly, truncate  at  apex,  above  transversely  and  on  the  sides 
delicately  obliquely  striate ;  from  the  base  a  slight  longitudinal 
carina  extends  down  the  middle  above,  not  reaching  the  edge 
of  the  truncation,  this  laat  with  a  conspicuous  central  vertical 
furrow ;  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  the  apical  margins  ot 
segments  1-4  with  broad  slightly  pruinose  bands,  these  bands 
boldly  arched  anteriorly,  almost  subtriangular.  Black,  witti 
cinei^ous  pile,  which  on  the  face  and  clypeus  has  m  certain 
lights  a  silvery  tint;  pygidial  area  covered _ with  stilt  black 
pubescence;  wings  hght  fusco-hyalme,  darkening  at  the  apical 

The  Phihppine  Islands  ;  Tenasserhn.    $  .  Length  12-13 ; 
exp.  24-26  mm.    6  shghtly  smaller. 

394.  Notogonia  tristis. 

Larrada  tristis,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  277,  ?  . 

Larra  tristis,  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wten,  1884,  p.  248. 

9  Head  and  thorax  in  front  very  minutely  and  closely  punc- 
tured, opaque;  median  segment  as  long  as  the  rest  of  the  thorax, 
Siy  narrowed  posteriorly,  the  apex  abruptly  truncate  abovB 
and  on  tbe  sides  reticulate,  the  apex  coarsely  rugose  and  slightly 
pubescent;  a  medial,  longitudinal,  very  fine  and  obscure  carina 
fiom  base  not  quite  reaching  the  verge  of  the  truncation,  the 
fir  of  the  latter  with  a  fine  medial  vertical  furrow;  abdomen 
pruinose,  dull  and  opaque,  the  surface  finely  a-culate  ;  egs  with 
a  short,  rather  thick  pile  on  the  coxae,  femora  and  tibiae.  Jet- 
black,  the  pubescence  silvery,  the  clypeus  and  front  of  the  face 
and  along  the  posterior  margins  of  abdommal  segments  1-4 
covered  with  silvery  pile;   wings   flavo-hyalme,  nervures  and 

^'It^TtSSm,  extending  into  the  Malay  region  and  Borneo. 
2  .  Length  8-11 ;  exp.  17-20  mm. 


LI  BIS, 


205 


Genus  LIRIS. 

Liris,  Fah:  Syst.  Plez.  p.  227  (1804). 
Tachytes,  Lepel.  Hijm.  \n,  p.  239  (1846). 

Type,  L.  aurata,  Pabr. 
Mange.  Both  hemispheres. 


Fig.  47. — Liris  ducalis,  f .  \, 


Head  a  little  wider  than  the  thorax  ;  mandibles  with  no  excision 
on  their  outer  margins,  the  inner  margin  bidentate  close  to  the 
base;  face  more  or  less  richly  pubescent;  the  convergence  of 
the  eyes  as  in  the  genus  Notogonia ;  the  front  puckered  along 
the  inner  orbits  and  broadly  furrowed ;  ocelli — the  anterior 
ocellus  round,  of  ordinary  form,  complete,  the  hinder  two 
lengthened,  flat,  hardly  observable,  and  lying  considerably  to  the 
rear  of  the  anterior  one ;  the  pronotum  depressed  beneath  the 
level  of  the  mesonotum,  its  posterior  margin  not  transverse,  but 
coming  to  a  point  in  the  middle  ;  wings — fore  wing  with  one  radial 
and  three  cubital  cells,  of  the  same  form  and  shape  as  those 
in  the  genus  Larra;  legs,  on  the  whole,  a  little  longer  than  in 
Larra,  and  nearly  as  long  as  in  Notogonia ;  the  armature  of  the 
legs  in  general  well-developed  ;  intermediate  tibias  with  one  apical 
spur  ;  claws  lengthened  ;  the  median  segment  and  the  2nd  ventral 
segment  similar  to  those  of  Larra  ;  the  anal  segment  with  a 
pygidial  area  covered  with  short  stiff  pubescence. 

These  insects,  like  most  of  the  allies  of  Larra,  make  their 
nest-holes  in  the  ground,  providing  as  food  for  their  future 
brood  Orthopterous  insects  of  various  kinds.  L.  auraia  may, 
like  Notogonia  subtessellata,  commonly  be  seen  struggling  with  a 
paralyzed  cricket  three  or  four  times  its  own  weight  and  size. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

a.  Wings  dark  fuscous,  suffused  more  or  less 
with  a  purple  effulgence. 
a'.  Eobustly,  stoutly  made,  of  compara- 
tively large  size.    L.  24-30  mm   L.  ducalis,  p,  207. 


206 


spnBGiD;E. 


h' .  More  slenderly  mnde,  of  comparatively 

small  size.    L.  16-18  ram   i.  7u](/n;Be««w,  p.  206. 

b.  Wings  flavo-hyaline,  apex  fuscous   L.  /icemoirhoidalis,  p.  207. 

c.  Wiugs  fusco-'hynline,  fore  wing  much 

darker  than  hind  winp:    L.  aurata,  p.  206. 

395.  Liris  aurata. 

Sphe.Y  aurata,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  213. 

PompiUis  auratus,  Fahr.  Evf.  Syst.  Suppl.  p.  250. 

Liris  aurata,  Fabr.  Syst.  Fiez.  p.  228  ;  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-hot.  Ges. 

Wien,  1884,  p.  241 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Sua.  (4)  ii,  1889, 

p.  131. 

Tacliytes  opulenta,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  246,  2  c? . 
Larrada  aurulenta.  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  276,  pi.  vii,  fig.  5. 

$ .  Head  and  thorax  densely  pruinose  above ;  abdomen  dull 
and  opaque,  with  wide  transverse  pruinose  bands  on  the  posterior 
margins  of  segments  1-5  above;  head,  pro-  and  mesonotum 
very  minutely  and  closely  punctured;  median  segment  long,  as 
long  as  the  rest  of  the  thorax  and  the  head  united,  transversely 
striate,  and  with  a  fine  medial  longitudinal  carina  not  reaching 
tiie  verge  of  the  truncated  posterior  portion  ;  the  face  of  the 
truncation  itself  with  a  short  medial  vertical  carina,  broad  at  top. 
Black,  tbe  scape  and  basal  joint  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennie. 
and  the  apical  half  or  two-thirds  of  the  femora,  tibia,  and  tarsi  of 
the  legs  a  pale  orange-red ;  the  silky  pile  on  tbe  face,  pro-  and 
mesonotum  dense  and  golden  ferruginous  ;  on  the  sides  of  the 
scutellum,  postscutellum,  and  median  segment  yellowish ;  the 
transverse  bands  on  the  abdomen  thin  and  of  a  cinereous  silvery 
colour;  wings  fusco-hyahne,  suffused  with  a  purplish  tint,  the 
posterior  wings  lighter. 

Hab.  Africa,  the  Cape,  and  Gambia ;  throughout  India,  Burma, 
Tenasserim,  and  Ceylon;  Borneo;  Java;  Sumatra;  Celebes; 
China  ;  Japan.  ?  .  Length  17-21  ;  exp.  30-36  mm.  6  •  Length 
15-19  ;  exp.  28-31  mm. 

396   Liris  nigripennis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889, 
p.  131,  ?<^. 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  dull,  opaque,  very  minutely  punctured, 
and  densely  pruinose,  less  so  on  the  vertex  and  disc  of  the  meso- 
notum ;  median  segment  as  long  as  tbe  rest  of  the  thorax,  sub- 
cylindrical  above,  narrowing  and  abruptly  truncate  posteriorly, 
very  finely  transversely  striate,  and  dehcately  pruuiose,  the 
truncated  apex  with  a  deep  vertical  furrow;  abdomen  long, 
the  posterior  margins  of  segments  1-4  broadly  transversely 
pruinose.  Black,  the  head  and  thorax  with  golden  pile,  the  delicate 
pile  on  the  median  segment  and  the  bands  on  the  posterior 
margins  of  the  abdominal  segments  white ;  wings  dark  luscous 
with  a  purple  effulgence,  conspicuously  paler  across  the  cubital 

""^/'aft.  Sikhim;  Bangalore;  Poona;  Tenasserim.  ?•  Length 
16-18  ;  exp.  29-34  mm.     6  ■  Length  12-15  ;  e.vp.  24-28  mm. 


LIRIS. 


207 


397.  Liris  ducalis. 

Larrada  ducalis,  Smith,  Jovr.  Linn.  Soc.  1861,  p.  84,  J. 
Larra  (Liris)  ducalis,  Ko/il,  Verh.  zooL.-bot.  Ges.    Wien,  1884, 
p.  243. 

2  .  Head  dull  and  opaque  ou  the  vertex ;  on  the  clypeus, 
front,  sides  of  the  face,  cheeks,  and  occiput  densely  pruiiiose ; 
thorax,  pro-  and  inesonotum,  seutellum  and  postscutellum  smooth 
and  shining;  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  lateral 
and  apical  margins  of  the  mesouotum,  and  the  sides  of  the  seu- 
tellum and  postscutellum  densely  pruinose ;  median  segment  long, 
narrowed  posteriorly,  the  apex  abruptly  truncate;  above  obliquely 
striate,  with  a  medial  longitudinal  carina  from  the  base  of  the 
segment  continued  over  the  face  of  the  truncation  to  the  apex ; 
legs  short,  stout,  spinose,  the  anterior  femora  beneath  pruinose ; 
abdomen  smooth,  not  very  shining,  basal  segment  at  base  vertical, 
nearly  truncate  ;  pygidial  area  set  with  stiff  short  hairs.  Jet- 
black,  with  brilliant  shining  golden  pile ;  the  pygidium  with  black 
or  fulvous  red  hairs ;  wings  dark  brown,  with  a  rich  purple 
effulgence. 

Hub.  Sikhim  ;  Burma  ;  Teuasserim;  Ceylon;  Celebes.  Q.Lenqth 
24-30  ;  exp.  42-48  mm. 


398.  Liris  haBmorrhoidalis.    (PI.  II,  fig.  2.) 

Pompilus  hffimorrhoidalis,  Fahr.  Sijst.  Piez.  p.  198. 

Liris  savignyi,  Spin.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  18-38,  p.  476. 

Ljrops  hsemorrhoidalis,  Guir.  Cnv.  Icon.  Rerjn    Anim.,  Ins  p 

4-39,  5.  '  f 

Lyrops  aureiventris,  Gu6r.  t.  c.  p.  440,  pi.  Ixx,  &  f.  9,  . 
Liris  orichalcea,  Dahlb.  Hym.  Eur.  i,  p.  135,  c?  ."^ 
Liris  savignyi,  Dahlb.  t.  c.  i,  p.  471,  ^  $ . 
Tachytes  illudens,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  249,  5 . 
Larrada  hfemorrhoidalis.  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  280. 
Liris  hmmorrhoidalis,  Kohl,    Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.    Wien,  1884 

pp.  244,  266.  ' 

?  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  covered  with  a  dense,  short 
silky  pile  above  and  on  the  sides ;  beneath  and  the  legs'  bare  •' 
median  segment  long,  longer  than  the  rest  of  the  thorax,  rugose 
above  underneath  the  pubescence,  obscurely  transversely  striate  • 
on  the  sides  it  is  finely  and  obliquely  striate.  Black,  the  base  of 
the  mandible,  the  scape  and  basal  two  or  three  joints  of  the 
flagellum  of  the  antennae,  the  tegulse,  the  legs  except  the  coxse 
trochanters,  and  sometimes  the  base  of  the  femora,  and  the  apical 
margins  of  the  4th  and  5th  abdominal  segments  above  pale 
rufous  ;  the  dense  golden  silky  pile  has  a  tesselated  appearance 
on  the  abdomen,  and  is  paler  and  longer  on  the  median  segment  • 
wings  flavo-hyahne,  the  apical  margins  fuscescent. 

d  similar,  slightly  smaller;  the  2ad  joint  of  the  posterior  tarsi 
a  little  ddated. 

i/a6.  Spain;  Sicily ;  Egypt ;  Senegal;  Syria;  Aden;  Western 
India ;  Punjab  ?  .  Lenc/th  17-24  ;  exp.  32-42  mm.  d  .  Lemth 
15-20;  exp.  27-3o  mm. 


208 


BPHBGID^E. 


Genus  PARALIRIS. 
Paraliris,  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ge..  Wkn,  1883,  p.  361;  id.im, 
p.  259. 


Tvpe  P.  Icriechhamneri,  Kohl. 
Range.  Africa;  Burma  aud  Tenasserim. 


Fig.  4Si.—Pamliris  faceta,  ? .  t- 

Characters  nearly  those  of  Liris,  ^^^^^^l%t.%^£x 
covered  with  soft  thin  pubescence,  ^*^„f  Be|nent 

area  bare  and  punctured,  as  m  Larva  ;  2nd  venua  g 
^dthout  the  marked  convexity  occurnng  m  W 

I  know  of  only  one  species  found  within  our  limits. 

399.  Paraliris  faceta,  n.  sp. 

2  S.  Head,  pro-  and  -7^%— on^tf^^^^^^^^^^^ 
andabdomenspannglypunctur  d    the  pun^  ^^^^^.^^ 

beneath  coarser  and  more  fP.^"^^'^^ '  ^pex,  the  sides  con- 

margin  produced,  in   he  xniddl^ 

sp  cuously  emargmate  ;  Irontana  ^     g    ^  transversely 

p^ibescence  ;  median  -gmen  above  ^^J^^^^f  ^f^alteep  slope  to 
kriate,  the  stiia^  waved,  postenoil^^^^^^^^^^^  ^^^^^^ 

the  apex,  the  sides  sparsely  but  ^eg"^^^!  ^,,^5  down 

pubescent ;  from  the  base  a  fine  edge  of  the 

the  middle  of  the  segment  not  \"  ^^^^J^^  ieal  nwgius  of 
rounded  posterior  slope  ^  ^^'i^^.^^:'  c^  Black, 

segments  1-5  ^l^S^Jt  win^  Ss  olya  suffused  .ith 
the  pubescence  hoary  wbite ,  wm^B  j 

'  S'ti^^a;  Tenasserim.  5  •  LcngtU  18-19  ;  e.,.  28-32  mm. 
Length  Ib-ri;  exp.  27-29  mm. 

Genus  LYRODA. 
Lyroda,  Say,  Jour.  Nat,  Sist  fst^^-  372  (1837). 
Morphota,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  293  (1856). 

^^^t^,  Neotropic,  and  Oriental  regions. 


LTBODA. 


209 


Head  wider  than  the  thorax  ;  mandibles  incised  on  their  enter 
side  ;  eyes  not  convergent,  the  inner  orbits  nearly  parallel ;  ocelli 
complete  and  fully  formed,  placed  in  a  wide  triangle  on  the  vertex ; 
pronotum  long,  not  much  depressed  beneath  the  level  of  the 
mesonotum ;  median  segment  short,  about  as  long  as  the  meso- 
notum,  above  rounded  posteriorly,  with  a  steep  slope  to  the  apex ; 
abdomen  subpetiolate  iu  the  Oriental  species,  longish,  acuminate  at 


Fig.  49. — Lyroda  Jormosa,  J .  ^. 


apex  ;  pygidial  area  in  the  female  covered  with  short  hairs  ;  wing 
with  the  radial  cell  truncate  at  apex  and  appendiculate ;  three 
cubital  cells,  the  1st  equal  in  length,  measured  on  the  cubital 
nervure,  to  the  2ad  and  3rd  united,  2nd  subtriangular  or  trape- 
zoidal, 3rd  oblique,  wider  below  than  above. 

Nothing  is  on  record  of  the  habits.  Only  two  species  are 
known  from  India,  but  no  doubt  others  exist. 


Key  to  the  Species. 

a.  Basal  two  segments  of  abdomen  red    Z.  formosa,  p.  209. 

b.  Abdomen  entirely  black    L.  venusta,  p.  210. 

400.  Lyroda  formosa. 

Morphota  formosa,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1859,  p.  17,  J. 
Lyroda  formosa,  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  1884,  p.  267. 
?  Astata  aro:enteofacialis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii, 
1889,  p.  151  (var.). 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  opaque  velvety,  densely  pruinose  on  the 
front  of  the  head,  clypeus,  cheeks,  pronotum,  apex  and  sides  of  the 
mesonotum,  and  apex  and  sides  of  the  median  segment ;  front 
with  an  impressed  line  from  the  anterior  ocellus  reaching  up 
to  the  base  of  the  antennas ;  mesonotum  with  a  wide  medial 
depression  anteriorly ;  median  segment  finely  rugose,  with  a 
medial  longitudinal  fine  carina  from  base  not  reaching  the  apex  of 
the  segment ;  abdomen  slightly  curved,  subpetiolate,  the  margins 
of  segments  1-4  above  with  broad  transverse  pruinose  bands. 
Black,  the  basal  two  abdominal  segments  red ;  the  clypeus,  front, 
cheeks,  pronotum,  apex  and  sides  of  the  mesonotum,  and  apex 
and  sides  of  the  median  segment  with  dense  silvery  pile,  having 
VOL.  I.  p 


210  sphegid;e. 

a  golden-yeUow  tint ;  bands  on  the  abdomen  pure  silvery;  wings 

hvaline  and  iridescent.  r»«^,y;, 
Hah.  Celebes ;  Tenasserim  ;  Barrackpore ;  Sikhim.     ?  .  Length 

9-11 ;  exp.  15-18  mm. 

401.  Lyroda  venusta,  n.  sp. 

9  Closely  resembles  L.  formosa.  Smith,  and  like  that  species 
is  black  with  dense  silvery  pile  on  the  front,  the  clypeus,  cheeks 
pronotum,  sides  and  apex  of  the  mesonotum,  sides  and  apex  of 
the  median  segment,  and  the  posterior  margins  of  the  lst-4th 
abdominal  segments  above  ;  bat  the  median  segment  is  somewhat 
coarsdy  reticulate,  not  finely  rugose,  and  the  abdomen  has  not  the 
Zo  basal  segments  red,  but  is  entirely  black.  This  species  is  also 
slighter  and  smaller  than  i./ormosa. 

Hah.  Tenasserim.    ?  •  Length  7-8 ;  exp.  12-15  mm.     6  .  Length 
6-7  ;  exp.  12  mm. 

Genus  PIAGETIA. 
Piagetia,  Riis.  Ent.  Month.  Mag.  ix,  p.  121  (1872). 
Type  P.  ritsemce,  E<its. 

Banqe.  Ethiopian  and  Oriental  regions.  . 
Head  a  little  broader  than  the  thorax ;  mandibles  incised  on  their 
■^^^^  outer  margin;  eyes  moderately  con- 

vergent towards  the  vertex ;  anterior 
ocellus    complete,    round,    normal  ; 
posterior  ocelli  flat  and  indistinctly 
formed  as  in  Tachytes,  Tachysphex, 
&c. ;  pronotum  depressed  below  the 
level  of  the  mesonotum,  lengthened 
into  a  collar  anteriorly;  middle  seg- 
ment about  as  long  as  the  mesonotum, 
or   a  little  shorter,  narrowed  pos- 
teriorly and  roundly  truncate;  fore 
^^e-^*^-  .    ,     3     wing   with    one  radial  and  three 
Piagetia  fasciatipenms,  c5  ■  ^ells,  the  radial  cell  broad  and 

1,    0.  nt  nnex  aooendiculate ;'  1st  cubital  cell  as  long 

^hJ  .Tand  3rd  SS;  the  2nd  t^apeziform,  receiving  both 
as  the  S'ld  ana  oi  ^^^^^^^^  ^^e  front 

recurrent  nervures    legs  ^^^^^     intermediate  tibias  with 

tarsi  femora  in  the  male  with  a  strong  curved 

one  apical  spur  ;  posteiK>r  temo  ^^^^^^  ^^^^^^  thickened 

,p,ne  or  book  on  the^^^^^^^^^  of  a  curved  spine  ;  abdomen  w.th 
sometimes  vvith  an  mQ  ^^^j  segment 

nearly  flat.  l^^b^ts  of  the  species  of 

thif  ?enul"f  ^hi^rso  far  as  I  know,  only  five  have  been 


PIAGBTIA. 


211 


described.  There  is  in  the  collection  of  the  British  Museuin  a 
sixth  undescribed  form  from  Natal,  received  in  the  Museum  in 
1855,  from  Dr.  Gueinzius ;  and  as  one  specimen,  a  female,  is 
pinned  above  a  cricket,  as  if  in  the  act  of  carrying  it,  I  presume  it 
was  so  engaged  at  the  time  of  capture.  It  is  highly  probable 
that  all  the  species  of  this  genus  are,  like  the  rest  of  the  closely 
allied  Larrid  genera,  predatory  on  Orthoptera. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

a.  Clypsus  ( 5  )  with  a  medial  carina,  trans- 

verse or  incised  at  apex  ;  antennas  entirely 

red   P.  ruficorms,  p.  211. 

b.  Clypeus  ( 5 )  anteriorly  with  two  teeth  ; 

scape  of  antennae  only  red    P.  fasciatipennis,  p.  211. 


402.  Piagetia  ruficorms,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889, 
p.  133,  $. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  opaque,  the  head  and  thorax  ' 
very  minutely  and  closely  puuctm-ed,  the  surface  of  the  abdomen 
above  aciculate ;  clypeus  broad,  transverse  anteriorly,  the  sides 
oblique,  the  disc  having  a  medial  short  vertical  carina ;  the  front 
with  a  medial  vertical  furrow,  and  a  broader  curved  shallow 
furrow  on  each  side ;  median  segment  with  an  indistinct  carina 
down  the  middle,  the  apex  of  the  segment  strongly  narrowed  and 
truncate  ;  an  oval,  rather  deep  fovea  on  the  posterior  face  of  the 
truncation  ;  abdomen  about  the  length  of  the  thorax  ;  the  pygidial 
area  bare,  distantly  punctured.  Black  ;  the  base  of  the  mandibles, 
the  clypeus,  antennae,  pronotum,  sides  of  the  mesonotum  anteriorlv, 
sides  and  apex  of  the  median  segment  broadly,  the  legs,  aiid 
petiole  of  the  abdomen  dull  reddish ;  the  apical  two  joints  of  the 
antenna,  the  coxae  of  all  the  legs,  and  the  femora  and  tibiae 
of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  pair  more  or  less  marked 
with  fuscous  black ;  the  clypeus  and  front  and  base  of  the 
median  segment  with  dense  silvery  pile ;  wings  hyaline  and 
iridescent,  with  a  fuscous  subapical  fascia  from  the  base  of  the 
radial  to  the  apex  of  the  2nd  discoidal  cell ;  nervures  and  tegul^ 
testaceous. 

ffah.  Calcutta;  Poona.      $.  Length  9-10;  exp.  16-18  mm. 
cJ  unknown. 


403.  Piagetia  fasciatipennis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii 
1889,  p.  16,  c?. 

$  .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  P.  ruficorms.  Cam.;  differs 
in  the  clypeus  having  two  strong  teeth  anteriorly,  in  the  median 
segment  being  broader  at  the  apex,  and  the  femoral  tooth,  which 
in  ruficorms  forms  a  mere  tubercle  at  the  base  below  of  the 
posterior  femora,  being  developed  into  a  small  but  distinctly 


212 


SPHEGIDiE. 


curved  tooth.  In  colour  P.  faxdalipennis  differs  m  having  the 
red  confined  ou  the  head  and  thorax  to  the  base  of  the  mandibles, 
the  clypeus,  scape  of  the  antenna,  pronotum,  the  anterior 
lateral  angles  narrowly  of  the  mesonotum,  and  the  extreme  apex 
of  the  median  segment;  on  the  abdomen  the  red  extends  on 
to  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment,  and  the  whole  anal  segment 

'similar  but  smaller,  with  the  femoral  tooth  very  large 
curved,  and  strong.    Wings  in  both  sexes  simalar  to  those  ot 

^'Stcalcutta;  Eangoon,  Burma;  Tenasserim ;  Ceylon. 
Length  8-10  ;  exp.  16-20  mm.     d  .  Lemjih  i  -9  ;  exp.  l(j-18  mm. 


Genus  LIANTHRENA,  gen.  nov. 


Type,  L.  TcoUii,  Bingh. 

Banqe.  Punjab,  India.  , 
Allied  to  Palarus,  Latr.    Head  transverse,  a  little  wider  than 
the  thorax,  emarginate  posteriorly  ;  eyes  large,  ovate,  reaching  the 
base  of  the  mandibles  below,  their  inner  orbits  convergent  towa  ds 
EhTvertex,  but  not  oblique,  widely  arched  outwards  in  he  midd  e 

mandibles  incised  on  their  outer 
margin,  the  apex  simple,  the  inner 
margin  with  two  blunt  teeth  about 
the  middle ;  clypeus  large,  its  an- 
terior margin  arched ;  antennas  with 
the  flagellum  slightly  but  distinctly 
incrassate;  front  above  the  base 
of  the  antennae  convexly  raised, 
gibbous  ;  ocelli  complete,  round  and 
subequal,  the  anterior  ocellus  being 
onlv  very  slightly  larger  than  either 
of  "the  posterior  ones ;  the  three 
placed  in  a  broad  triangle  just  above 
the  frontal  convex  area ;  pronotum 

1  v,.lnw  the  level  of  the  mesonotum  ;  scutellum  and  post- 
depressed  below        ^vei  or  t   ^  ^^^^  ^^^^^  jg^g^l^ 

ecutellum  large,  ^l^g^  ^Xcal  Tnd  abruptly  truncate  posteriorly ; 
of  the  mesonotum,  ^'^'^7  y^'^^^^^^'XiirTZtiLt.  Legs  short,  the 
the  episternal  suture  of  ^e^^P^^^^^  '^^^^^^^^  ,|terior  tarsi 
anteriorfemoranotemarginate  at  base  b^^^^^^^^^ 

ciliated ;  the  intermediate  coxj  Xpo^^^^^^^^  tibi^  and  tarsi 

mediate  tibia,  -^^h  one  apicaW-^^^^^^^^^^  b^oad  and 

spinose  ;  claws  s™ple^  Wings  espec  nay  .^I'^s, the  radial 

ample;  the  fore  wing  mth  one i^adid^^^^^^^^  ^^^^.^^1 
cell  acutely,  diagonally  truncate  at  apex^^^a^^^^^^^^ 

cells  subequal  measured      th«  c^^b  al  neivure  ^^1^  ^^^.^^^  ^^^^ 


Fig.  51. 

lAanthrena  kohlii,  $ . 


IIANTHBBNA. — PALAIIUS. 


213 


ranged  in  one  unbroken  row.  Abdomen  about  as  long  as  the  head 
and  thorax  united,  the  1st  segment  concavo-truucate  at  basf ,  the 
2nd  ventral  segment  not  couvexly  raised,  normal ;  pygidial  area 
( $  aud  <S )  bare,  punctured,  laterally  ciliated  with  fine  long 
hairs. 

404.  Lianthrena  kohlii,  n.  sp. 

5  cJ  •  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  aud  shining ;  the 
vertex  of  the  head,  the  mesonotum  anteriorly,  and  the  pygidial 
area  on  the  apical  abdominal  segment  more  or  less  punctured,  the 
convex  raised  space  on  the  front  above  the  base  of  the  antennae 
marked  with  a  brief  medial  longitudinal  furrow  ;  antennae — the 
flagellum  in  the  male  with  the  apices  of  the  3rd  and  4th  joints 
dilated  beneath ;  median  segment  above  very  indistiuctly  but 
finely  reticulate  rugose ;  the  sides  smooth,  a  fine  medial  longi- 
tudinally-impressed Hue  from  the  base  of  the  segment  continued 
over  the  margin  of  the  truncate  portion  but  not  reaching  the  apex. 
Pale  yellow,  the  apex  of  the  mandibles  ferruginous ;  the  apical 
ten  joints  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae,  a  spot  on  the  front 
above  their  base,  two  transverse  spots  above  that,  the  region  of 
the  ocelli,  a  line  behind  the  eyes,  three  parallel  broad  lines  on  the 
mesonotum,  a  T-shaped  mark  on  the  median  segment  above,  a 
spot  near  the  apex  of  the  same,  the  sternum,  the  base  of  the  coxae, 
aud  the  apical  two,  sometimes  three  or  four,  segments  of  the 
abdomen,  black,  the  last  sometimes  also  shaded  with  rusty  red  or 
fulvous ;  a  little  fine  silveiy  pile  on  the  clypeus  and  sides  and 
apex  of  the  median  segment;  wings  hyalijie,  uervures  pale 
testaceous,  tegulae  ferrugmous. 

Mab.  The  Punjab.    $  c?  •  Length  8-9 ;  exjj.  17-18  mm. 

Genus  PALARUS. 

Crabro,  pt.,  Fabr.  Spec.  Ins.  i,  p.  470  (1781). 
Philanthus,  pt.,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  304  (1804). 
Palarus,  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  iii,p.  836  (1802). 
Gonius,  Ju7-ine,  Hym.  p.  205  (1807). 

Type,  P.Jlavipes,  Fabr. 

Range.  Palaearctic,  Ethiopian,  and  Oriental  regions. 


Pig.  52. — Palarus  :  fore  wing. 

Head  about  as  broad  as  the  thorax ;  eyes  large,  their  inner 
orbits  as  a  rule  strongly  convergent  towards  the  vertex  ;  ocelli 
complete,  the  anterior  ocellus  round,  large  and  distinct,  the 


214 


SPHEGIDiE. 


posterior  two  oval  or  elongate,  sometimes  (as  in  the  only  Indian 
species  as  yet  known)  round  ;  antenn®  short,  flagellum  cyhndnca  : 
mandibles  "incised  in  the  middle  of  their  outer  margin,  general  y 
dentate  in  the  middle  on  their  inner  side.  Thorax  broadly  oval ; 
pronotum  small,  not  nearly  so  broad  as  the  mesonotum,  transverse  ; 
median  segment  short,  roundly  truncate  posteriorly,  with  a  well- 
raarked  space  at  base  enclosed  by  convergent  carinas.  Legs  stout, 
spinose  ;  anterior  tarsi  ciliated,  intermediate  tibiis  with  one  apical 
spine,  intermediate  and  posterior  tibisB  strongly  spinose ;  claws 
simple.  Fore  wing  with  one  radial  and  three  cubital  cells,  the 
radial  cell  broadly  obliquely  truncate  and  with  an  appendicular 
cell ;  the  1st  cubital  ceU  long,  in  all  the  species  known  to  me  longer 
than  the  2nd  and  3rd  cubital  cells  united ;  the  2nd  cubital  cell 
broadly  triangular,  very  often  petiolate,  receiving  both  recurrent 
nervures ;  the  3rd  much  broader  on  the  radial  than  on  the  cubital 
nervitte,  the  lower  apical  angle  of  the  cell  generally  rounded,  the 
cubital  nervure  not  continued  beyond  the  apex  oi  the  cell. 
Abdomen  never  petiolate,  elongately  conical,  the  margins  ot  tiie 
segments  broadly  depressed  and  constricted ;  the  end  segment 
with  a  well-developed  pygidial  area  bare  and  punctured  ;  the  ind 
ventral  segment  obtusely  produced  in  the  middle. 

The  European  species  P.  flavipes,  Fabr.,  is  said  to  provision  its 
nest  with  various  species  of  hymenopterous  insects.  Dutour  gives 
a  list  of  18  genera,  species  of  which  were  found  among  the  victims 
of  P.  jiavipes. 

*405.  Palarus  orientalis,  Kolil,  Verk  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  1884, 

?  Palarus  interruptus,  DaMb.  Hym.  Eur.  i,  p.  468,  $  . 
«  6   Length  8  mm.    Black,  head  and  thorax  variegated  with 
pale  yellow.    Abdomen  above,  the  apical  segment  excepted,  with 
pale  yellow,  shghtly  interrupted  transverse  bands.    Legs  tor  tlie 
^reat^part  yeUow.'  Wings  hyaline.    The  front  wide  f  ro°g  J 
convex ;  the  distance  between  the  eyes  nearly  equal  to  the  length 
of  the  2nd-6th  joints  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennse  Antennse 
somewhat  thick,  the  joints  beneath  not  produced.    The  2nd  and 
3rdioints  of  the  flagellum  equal,  half  as  long  again  as  the  ist. 
fhe  posterior  ocellf  normal,  round,  not  flattened,  the  anterior 
ocellus  slightly  smaller;  the  distance  between  the  o^elb  and  t^e 
eyes  not  Ireater  than  between  the  ocelli  themselves.  Anterior 
iJ's  norm?!.    Mesonotum  shining,  punctured.    Median  segmen 
dlsLctly  punctured,  with  a  broad  medial  groove.    The  3rd  ventra 
Tgrnt  without  any  gibbosity.    The  apical  abdominal  segmen 
with  an  acute  spine  on  each  side  ;  pygidial  area  distinct,  somew  hat 
flat,  in  part  rugosely  punctured,  and  slightly  cannated  mediaUy. 
"  2  unknown. 

"  Hah.  Ceylon."    Unknown  to  me. 


MISCOPHUS. 


215 


Genus  MISCOPHUS. 


Miscophus,  Jurine,  Hym.  p.  205  (1807). 
Type,  M.  bicolor,  Jur. 

lianc/e.  Palfflarctic,  Neotropical,  and  Oriental  regions. 
AU  the  known  species  are  of  small  size,  3-10  mm.  in  length, 


vertex  broad,  transverse ;  pronotum 
scarcely  at  all  depressed  beneath  the  level  of  the  mesouotum  ; 
median  segment  as  long  as  the  mesonotum  or  slightly  longer, 
the  apex  more  or  less  truncate ;  legs  longish,  stout,  the  inter- 
mediate tibicB  with  two  apical  spines.  Wings  ample,  the  fore 
wing  with  one  radial  and  two  cubital  cells,  the  radial  cell 
not  appendiculate ;  the  1st  cubital  cell  large,  receiving  the  1st 
recurrent  nervure  near  the  apex,  the  2nd  cubital  cell  triangular, 
petiolate,  receiving  the  2nd  recurrent  nervure  almost  at  the  apex. 
Abdomen  pseudosessile,  the  apical  segment  without  a  pygidial 
area,  conical. 

Only  one  species  is,  as  yet,  known  from  India  :  it  is  in  the 
collection  of  Mr.  G.  A.  James-Eothney,  and  was  placed  in  the 
collection  above  the  label  iVotot/oma  pMfc/irijpe»Mizs*  by  Mr.  Cameron 
(probably  overlooked).  The  European  species  are  said  to  provision 
their  nests  with  spiders. 

406.  Miscoplms  rothneyi,  n.  sp. 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  opaque,  very  densely  pruinose  ; 
clypeus  transverse,  its  anterior  margin  very  widely  arched ; 
pronotum  in  front  with  three  or  four  transverse  strife ;  median 
segment  long,  as  long  as  the  rest  of  the  thorax,  flat  above,  some- 
what compressed  at  the  sides,  the  apex  truncate,  a  faint  medial 
longitudinally  impressed  line  from  base  not  reaching  the  verge  of 
the  truncation,  with  a  broad  vertical  furrow  on  the  latter ;  legs 


Fig.  53. 

Miscophus  rothneyi,  J . 


and  have  the  general  facies  of 
Larra  and  allied  genera.  The 
mandibles  with  an  incision  on 
the  outer  margin  close  to  the 
middle,  the  inner  margin  not 
toothed,  the  apex  simple ;  base 
of  the  antennae  low  down  on  the 
front ;  the  flagellum  filiform  ;  eyes 
very  slightly  convergent  towards 
the  vertex  ;  ocelli  complete,  round, 
and  placed  in  a  somewhat  long 
triangle    just  below  the  vertex ; 


*  The  description  of  Notogonia  pulchripennis,  Cam.,  would,  in  part,  answer 
for  the  insect  I  have  described  above,  which  is  a  Miscophus,  and  not  a  Noto- 
gonia.   I  have  failed  to  identify  Mr.  Cameron's  N.  pulchripennis. 


216 


bphegidjI;. 


moderately  stout  and  long,  slightly  spiuose  and  shining  ;  abdomen 
about  the  length  o£  the  thorax  and  head  together.  Head,  thorax, 
and  base  of  the  coxa3  of  the  legs  black  ;  the  apex  of  the  coxa;,  the 
trochanters,  femora,  tibijB,  and  tarsi,  and  the  abdomen  pale  red  the 
mandibles, palpi,  anterior  margin  of  the  cly pens,  scape  and  basal  joint 
of  the  flagellum  of  the  anteunse  reddish  testaceous ;  the  whole  insect 
except  on  the  legs  covered  with  a  glittering  silvery  pile,  giving  it 
a  cm-ious  frosted  look  ;  wings  hyaline,  apex  of  the  fore  wing  very 
broadly  dark  fuscous  and  effulgent ;  nervures  and  the  tegulse  pale 

testaceous.  . 

Hah.  Jeypore.  Length  8;  exp.  15  mm.    Type  in  coll. 

Eothney. 

Genus  GASTROSERICUS. 

Gastrosericus,  Spin.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1838,  p.  480 ;  DM  Bym. 
Eur.  i,  p.  467  (1845) ;  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  308  (1866)  ;  Kohl,  Verh. 
zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  1884,  p.  408. 

Type,  0.  ivaltlii. 

Eanne.  Palsearctic  and  Oriental  regions.  •    ,  • 

Head  a  little  wider  than  the  thorax ;  mandibles  incised  m  the 
middle  of  their  outer  margins ;  eyes  only  slightly  convergent 
towards  the  vertex  ;  antennte  in  the  male  straight,  not  convolute ; 
anterior  ocellus  normally  formed,  round,  the  posterior  two  ocelli 
lengthened,  flat,  and  placed  on  a  convexity  behmd  which  the 
vertex  and  front  are  punctured;  pronotum  depressed  below  the 
level  of  the  mesonotum  ;  median  segment  formed  as  m  the  species 
of  Tachysphex,  steeply  sloped  posteriorly  with  the  sides  perpen- 
dicular, and  nowhere  is  its  area  divided  by  impressed  hues  or  folds. 
Wings— fore  wing  with  one  radial  and  only  two  cubital  cells  ; 
the  radial  cell  broadly  truncate  at  apex,  the  appendix  slight ;  1st 
cubital  cell  very  long,  receiving  the  1st  recurrent  nervure  towards 
its  apex,  the  2nd  trapeziform,  nearly  triangular  recemng  the 
2nd  recurrent  nervure  about  the  middle.    Legs  with  the  tibise  and 
tarsi  spinose,  anterior  tarsi  ciliated,  the  cilia  moderately  long,  but 
fine  and  soft;   intermediate  tibite  with  one  apical  spur;  the 
posterior  margin  of  the  abdominal  segments  with  transverse  pilose 
bands  ;  anal  segment  with  the  pygidial  area  weU-developed  m  the 
female,  subtriangular  and  set  with  stifE  hairs. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

a.  Abdomen  wholly  black   g-  '^^^"J^^:  f^^^r 

b.  Abdomen,  basal  two  segments  red   G.  im  ongMom,  p.     / . 

407.  Gastrosericus  rothneyi,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii, 
1889,  p.  147. 

0  .  Vertex  of  the  head  and  thorax  very  minutely  and  closely 
punctured;  abdomen  pruinose,  the  surface  finely  longitudmally 


GASTEOSEEIOTJS. — PISON. 


217 


aciculate ;  clypeus  broad,  produced  anteriorly  in  the  middle,  the 
apex  transverse,  the  front  and  clypeus  densely  pubescent ;  the  eyes 
parallel,  the  ocellar  region  raised ;  median  segment  with  a  very 
slight  slope  from  base  and  slightly  narrowed  posteriorly,  the  apex 
truncate,  above  finely  transversely  striate,  the  sides  densely 
pubescent ;  abdomen  with  the  posterior  margins  of  segments  1-5 
with  transverse  pubescent  bands,  the  pygidial  area  densely 
pubescent.  Black ;  the  tubercles,  the  knees,  a  line  on  the  tibiae 
behind,  with  the  apical  joint  of  the  tarsi,  white ;  pubescence 
glittering  silvery,  with  in  some  lights  a  golden  tint ;  wings  hyaline, 
verv  faintly  fuscescent  at  apex. 

Var.  The  apex  of  the  scape  and  the  whole  of  the  tibiae  a,nd 
tarsi  white.  In  one  specimen  the  neuration  is  aberrant,  a  portion 
of  the  radial  nervure  being  obsolete,  the  1st  cubital  and  radial  cells 
are  merged  in  one. 

Hub.  Barrackpore,  Bengal;  Tenasserim.  ?.  Length  6-7; 
exp.  11-13  mm. 

*408.  Gastrosericus  wroughtoni.  Cam,  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4) 
ii,  1889,  p.  147. 

Head  wider  than  the  thorax,  pubescent ;  thorax  punctured  and 
densely  pubescent ;  abdomen  longer  than  the  thorax,  the  surface 
finely  aciculate ;  clypeus  anteriorly  truncate ;  vertex  of  head 
indistinctly  furrowed,  ocelli  surrounded  by  a  deep  groove  ;  median 
segment  steeply  sloped  posteriorly,  almost  truncate,  above  and  on 
the  sides  finely  rugose ;  pygidial  area  bare,  punctured.  Black,  the 
pubescence  white,  getting  greyish  on  the  thorax ;  the  clypeus, 
the  face  in  front,  the  cheeks,  legs,  and  posterior  margins  of 
segments  1-5  with  silvery  pile  ;  the  tegulae,  the  anterior  tibiae  and 
tarsi,  and  the  basal  two  segments  of  the  abdomen  red ;  wings 
hyaline. 

Eab.  None  given,  but  probably  Poona,  Bombay  Presidency. 
$  ?  (5  ?  Length  11  mm.    Unknown  to  me. 

Qenus  PISON. 

Pison,  Spin.  Ins.  Lig.  ii,  fasc.  4,  p.  255  (1808). 
Tachybulus,  Latr.  Gen.  Crust,  et  Ins.  iv,  p.  75  (1809). 
Nephridea,  BruUe,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  ii,  p.  408  (1833). 
Pisonitus,  Shuck.  Tr.  Ent.  Soc.  ii,  p.  79  (1837). 
Pisonoides,  pt.,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  ii,  p.  104  (1858). 
Parapison,  pt.,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1869,  p.  298,  pi.  vi,  fig.  6. 

Type,  P.  ater,  Spin. 
Itange.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  as  wide  as  the  thorax  or  wider  ;  mandibles  without 
an  incision  on  their  outer  margins,  small,  when  closed  concealed 
beneath  the  margin  of  the  clypeus ;  eyes  convergent  anteriorly, 
their  inner  orbits  emarginate  ;  ocelli  complete,  rovmd ;  pronotum 
level  with  the  mesonotum  or  depressed  below  it ;  median  segment 


218 


SPHEQID^. 


truncate  at  apex  or  steeply  sloped ;  legs  simple,  intermediate  tibiue 
with  one  apical  spm-.    Neuration  of  the  wings  vari- 
able*— fore  wing  with  one  radial  cell  not  appen- 
dicnlate,  three  or,  by  the  obliteration  of  the  2nd 
transverse  cubital  ner^'^lre,  two  cubital  cells  (Smith's 
genus  Parapison) :  when   three  cubital  cells  are 
present,  the  1st  receives  the  Ist  recurrent  nervure 
near  or  at  the  extreme  apex,  the  2nd  cell  receives 
M—Pison    the  2nd  recurrent  nervure  in  the  middle,  or  near 
argentatum,     or  at  the  extreme  apex,  sometimes  the  2ud  recur- 
?  •   T-         rent  nervure  is  received  near  the  base  of  the  3rd 
cubital  cell ;  when  only  two  cubital  cells  are  present  each  receives 
a  recurrent  nervure,  the  Ist  cell  at  the  apex,  the  2nd  at  or  near 
the  base.    Abdomen  pseudosessile,  with  the  margnis  of  the  basal 
two  or  three  segments  constricted  above. 

Key  to  the  Sjjecies. 

A.  Fore  wing  with  three  cubital  cells. 

a.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  with  silvery 
pile. 

a'.  Median  segment  posteriorly  truncate 
or  concavo-truncate. 
a=.  Basal  abdominal  segment  closely, 

remainder  sparsely  punctured    P.  rugosum,  p.  218. 

b-.  Abdomen  with  only  a  few  scattered 

punctures   P  mspicioaum,  p.  219. 

Aodomen    impunctate,  smooth  and 

shining  ;  ■  •  •  •    P  punctifrons,  p.  219. 

b'.  Median  segment  rounded  posteriorly, 
not  truncate. 
a^.  Median  segment  with  a  wide  medial 
longitudinal  furrow  bearing  a  carina 

down  the  middle   P-  argentatum,  p.  220. 

6^  Median  segment  with  no  furrow, 

coarsely  obliquely  striate    P.  stnolatum,  p.  2i!0. 

6.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen -with  golden 

pile    P-  kohhi,  p.  220. 

B.  Fore  wing  with  two  cubital  cells. 

a.  Legs  conspicuously  red   P-  erythropus,  p.  221. 

b.  Legs  piceous  brown. 

a'.  Scutellum  and  postscutellum  longitu- 

dinally  furrowed.  L.  9-10  mm   P.  agile,  p.  222 

b'  Scutellum  not  fm-rowed.  L.  7  mm....  P- rotMegt,V- ^-^i- 

c.  Legs  black,  no  tint  of  red  or  brown   P.  obhteratum,  p.  l^l. 

Division  A. — Fore  winy  with  three  cubital  cells. 

409.  Pison  rugosum.  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  313,  ?;  Kohl,  T'^f'  -f  f  f 
Ges.  Wien,  1884,  p.  188 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  boc.  (4;  u, 
1889,  p.  118.  

*  I  have  taken  specimens  of  Fison  with  three  cubital  ceUs  in  one  fore  wing, 
onlv  two  m  the  other  Such  seems  also  to  be  tlie  case  ^v1th  the  allied  genus 
°r"  J4a  Erb;.  Kohl  unites  Taranga  ,o  P.^.  but  f-m  a  cave  ul  e:.nnnnt.on 
of  the  type,  I  have  come  to  the  conclusion  that  they  are  distinct. 


PIi30N". 


219 


$  c?  •  Head  and  thorax  thinly  pubescent ;  abdomen  smooth  and 
shining,  with  the  base  of  the  1st  and  the  apical  margins  of  the 
basal  four  segments  thinly  pubescent ;  head  in  front  rather  closely 
and  coarsely  punctured,  a  transverse  obscure  furrow  on  the  vertex 
behind  the  ocelli ;  mesonotum  in  front,  scutellum  and  postscutellum 
more  sparsely  punctured,  shining ;  median  segment  at  base  coarsely 
and  obliquely  striate,  the  apex  concavo-truncate,  a  medial  longi- 
tudinal farrow  from  base  to  verge  of  truncation,  the  furrow  and 
the  truncation  transversely  striate ;  abdomen  with  the  basal 
segment  strongly,  the  others  sparingly  punctured.  Black ;  the 
pubescence  silvery,  dense  on  the  clypeus,  front,  sides  and  apex  of 
the  median  segment ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulse  testa- 
ceous, the  2nd  recurrent  nervure  received  in  the  middle  of  the  2nd 
cubital  cell. 

Hah.  Mainpuri,  N.W.P.;  Calcutta;  Poona;  Burma;  Tenasserim. 
5  .  Length  9-10  ;         16  mm.     cJ-  Length  8  ;  exp.  16  mm. 

410.  Pison  suspiciosum,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  104,  2  5 

id.  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1869,  p.  291  ;  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-hot.  Ges. 
Wien,  1884,  p.  188  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889, 
p.  118. 

$  S  .  Very  closely  allied  to  P.  rugosum.  Smith,  and  resembling  it; 
but  differing  from  that  species  in  the  shape  of  the  median  segment, 
which  is  roundly  truncate  with  a  medial  longitudinal  furrow,  the 
furrow  smooth  and  shining,  not  transversely  striate ;  in  the  abdo- 
men having  only  a  few  scattered  delicate  pimctures,  with  the  base 
of  the  2nd  segment  always  transversely  striate  ;  and  in  the  neuration 
of  the  wings,  the  2nd  recurrent  nervure  being  received  at  the  apex 
and  not  in  the  middle  of  the  2nd  cubital  cell.  These  differences 
seem  constant. 

Hah.  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ;  Singapore.  2  c?  •  Length  8-9  ;  exj). 
16-17  mm. 

411.  Pison  punctifrons.  Shuck.  Trans.  Ent.  Soc  ii,  1837,  p.  77,  2  ; 

Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  313;  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  1884, 
p.  188  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  118. 

2  c?  ■  Head  and  thorax  coarsely  and  closely  punctured,  the 
latter  especially  more  so  than  in  the  closely  allied  species  P.  rugo- 
sum ;  a  deep  transverse  furrow  on  the  vertex  behind  the  ocelli ; 
median  segment  coarsely  obliquely  striate,  the  apex  truncate,  the 
truncation  transversely  striate ;  a  medial  longitudinally  impressed 
thin  line  from  base  to  apex  of  segment,  widening  on  the  verge  of  the 
truncated  portion  into  a  shining  fovea  ;  the  clypeus,  the  front,  sides 
and  apex  of  the  median  segment  with  thin  long  soft  pubescence ; 
abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  the  sides  of  the  segments  posteriorly 
broadly  pilose.  Black,  the  pubescence  silvery  ;  the  wings  hyaline, 
their  apical  margins  narrowly  fuscescent,  the  recurrent  nervures 
interstitial  with  1st  and  2nd  transverse  cubital  nervures. 

Hah.  North-West  Provinces  ;  Sikhim  ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim. 
2  6  ■  Length  10-12  ;  ex;p.  18-23  mm. 


220 


SPHBaiD^. 


412.  Pison  argentattim.  .  ,,oo-7x     m  o 

Pisonitus  argeutatus,  Shuck.  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  n  (1837),  p.  79,  ? . 
Pison  argentntus,  <SWi:/t,  CW.  iv,  p.  314 

Pison  argentatum,  Xohl,  Verh.  zoul.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  ]884,  p.  IBB. 

5  .  Densely  pruinose ;  the  clypeus,  sides  of  the  face  and  of  the 
median  segment  pubescent ;  the  head,  thorax,  and  median  segment 
very  minutely  and  closely  punctured  ;  scutellum  large  and  prom- 
inent, a  narrow  rectangular  depressed  space  at  its  base  deeply  and 
coarsely  longitudinally  striate ;  median  segment  short,  rounded 
i)osteriorly,  and  steep,  with  a  wide  medial  longitudinal  furrow 
having  a  fine  carina  down  the  middle,  the  sides  of  the  furrow 
obscurely  obliquely  striate ;  abdomen  shining,  the  posterior  margins 
of  the  basal  four  segments  with  broad  transverse  pilose  bands,  the 
basal  with  its  apical  margin  deeply,  the  2nd  segment  with  its  apical 
margin  slightly  depressed  and  constricted.  Jet-black,  the  pubes- 
cence on  the  ciypeus,  face  in  front,  and  sides  of  the  median  segment 
silvery,  the  rest  of  the  head  and  thorax  covered  with  a  thin  silvery 
pile,  the  transverse  bands  on  the  abdomen  very  brilliant  silvery  ; 
wings  hyaline,  the  apical  margins  broadly  fuscescent. 

Eah.  Mauritius  ;  Bombay  ;  Bangalore ;  Tenasserim.     ?  .  Lmujth 
8 ;  exp.  15  mm.     6  somewhat  smaller. 

413.  Pison  striolatum,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 

A  Head  closely  punctured,  a  small  space  beneath  the  anterior 
ocellus  smooth,  the  clypeus  and  sides  of  the  face  densely  prumose ; 
the  anterior  margin  of  the  clypeus  produced  in  the  middle,  emar- 
oinate  at  the  sides ;  thorax  closely  and  coarsely  punctured  ;  median 
segment  roundly  truncate  posteriorly,  coarsely  obliquely  striate 
and  rugose;  abdomen  impunctate,  shining,  slightly  pnunose,  the 
base  of  segments  2-4  constricted.  Black,  the  flagellum  of  the 
antennjB,  the  anterior  tibias  and  tarsi,  the  intermediate  and  posterior 
tarsi,  and  the  apical  two  or  three  segments  of  the  abdomen  obscurely 

S'' Mussooree.  d-  Length  8;  eccp.  14  mm.  Type  in  coll. 
Eothney. 

414.  Pison  koWii,  n.  sp. 

Q  Head  pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum  and  postscutellum 
very  finely  and  closely  punctured ;  the  clypeus  and  front  as  far  as 
the  sinus  of  the  eyes,  the  cheeks,  a  line  on  thepronotum,  the  sides 
and  apex  of  the  mesonotum,  the  apex  of  the  median  segment,  and 
?he  posterior  margins  of  the  basal  four  segments  of  the  abdomen 
densely  pilose  or  pubescent;  the  median  segment  short,  roundly 
coS-truncate  posteriorly,  above  with  coarse  longitudinal  stri^ 
and  a  medial  longitudinal  fossulet,  continued  over  the  verge  of 
tJe  truncated  portion  as  a  narrow  impressed  hne,  tbe  face  of  the 
truncation  transversely  striate;  abdomen  long,  massive,  a  httle 


PISON. 


221 


longer  than  the  head  and  thorax  together.  Black,  the  pubescence 
on  the  clypeus  and  apex  of  the  median  segment,  and  the  silky  pile 
on  the  head,  the  thorax,  and  on  the  margins  of  the  abdominal 
segments  shining  golden;  wings  hyaline,  the  apical  margins 
narrowly  fuscescent,  nervures  ancl  tegulso  testaceous. 

Fff6.  Teuasserim.  J  .  i^e?i(7</t  11 ;  20  mm.  Allied  to  but 
quite  distinct  from  P.  aurifex,  Smith,  and  other  related  Australian 
species. 

Division  B. — Fore  wing  with  two  cubital  cells. 

415.  Pison  erythropus. 

Parnpison  '•ufipes,  Smith  (nec  Pisonitus  (=Pison)  rufipes,  ShtwJc. 

Trans.  Ent.  Sac.  ii,  p.  79),  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1869,  p.  299,  ? . 
Pison  erythropus,  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-hot.  Ges.  Wien,  1884,  p.  186 ; 

Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  117. 

$  cJ-  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punc- 
tured and  shining ;  the  clypeus,  front  of  the  face,  emargiuation 
of  the  eyes,  occiput,  cheeks,  a  hne  on  the  posterior  border  of 
the  pronotum,  the  sides  of  the  median  segment,  and  distinct 
moderately  broad  transverse  fasciae  on  the  posterior  margins  of 
abdominal  segments  1-4  above  pubescent  or  pilose ;  the  clypeus 
and  front  boldly  convex  ;  the  median  segment  rounded,  posteriorly 
divided  by  a  medial  longitudinal  deep  furrow,  the  base  of  the 
segment  with  a  row  of  short  longitudinal  striaa ;  the  abdomen 
pseudosessile,  about  the  length  of  the  head  and  thorax  together, 
the  apical  margins  of  the  basal  three  segments  constricted.  Black, 
the  pubescence  and  pile  silvery;  the  trochanters,  femora,  tibiae, 
and  tarsi  of  the  legs  red  ;  the  posterior  margins  of  the  basal  five 
segments  of  the  abdomen  testaceous ;  the  wings  hyaline,  nervures 
and  tegulae  testaceous. 

Hab.  North- West  Provinces.    $  c?  •  Length  8-9 ;  exp.  14-17  mm. 

416.  Pison  rothneyi.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  shining,  very  closely  punctured, 
the  punctures  minute  and  very  shallow  ;  the  clypeus  densely,  the 
rest  of  the  head,  the  thoi-ax,  and  abdomen  thinly  pruinose;  median 
segment  with  a  medial  longitudinal  furrow  from  base  not  quite 
reaching  the  apex  of  the  segment,  which  latter  is  slightly  concave 
and  densely  pubescent ;  abdomen  with  the  base  of  the  2ud  strongly, 
of  the  3rd  segment  slightly  constricted.  Black  ;  the  apical  four 
joints  of  the  flageUum  of  the  antennae  and  the  legs  more  or  less 
obscurely  piceous ;  the  posterior  margins  of  segments  1-5  of  the 
abdomen  narrowly  shining  testaceous ;  the  clypeus  with  silvery 
pile ;  the  pubescence  on  the  apex  of  thd  median  segment  fuscous  ; 
wings  hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulae  testaceous. 

Mab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal,  $.  Length  7 ;  e.^•j9. 14  mm.  Type 
in  coll.  Eothney. 


222 


SPHEGir^. 


417.  Pison  agile. 

Pampison  affilis,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1869,  p.  300,  ^  . 
Pison  wrWa,  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-hot.  Oes.  Wicn,  1884,  p.  186;  Cam. 
Mem? Munch.  L.  Fh.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  117. 
$  .  Closely  resembles  P.  erytht-opus.  Kohl,  but  is  a  larger,  more 
stoutly  built  insect,  with  the  legs  piceous  brown,  not  red,  aud 
differs  also  in  the  eyes  being  more  convergent  at  top,  the  scu- 
tellum  and  postscutellum  being  divided  by  a  medial  longitudmal 
very  shallow  furrow  ;  the  median  segment  is  slender,  with  a  steeper 
slope  to  the  apex,  and  the  abdomen  is  much  larger  and  broader 

Hah.  Ceylon.     5  .  Lmyth  9-10 ;  exp.  11-20  mm.     6  shghtly 
smaller. 

418.  Pison  obliteratum.  o 

Pisonoides  ohUteratus,  SmUh,  Jour.  Lmn.  -S^oc.  18o8,  p.  iU4,  ¥ . 
Parapison  oWiteratus,  Smith,  Tr.  Ent.  Soc  1869  p.  299 
Pison  obliteratum,  Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-hot.  Ges  Wien  1884,  p.  1S7 , 
Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Fh.  Soc.  (4)  n,  1889, p.  ii/. 
9  6 .    Head,  thorax,  and  median  segment   finely  but  not 
very  closely  punctured:  abdomen  highly  polished,  shining;  the 
whole  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  covered  with 
a  thin  erect  pubescence  ;  the  clypeus,  the  emar- 
gination  of  the  eyes,  aud  transverse  bands  on  the 
posterior  margins  of  abdominal  segments  2-4 
with  dense  silky  pile,  the  last  only  observable  m 
certain  lights;  median  segment  rounded  pos- 
teriorly, with  a  steep  slope  to  the  apex,  a  trian- 
eular  depressed  space  at  base,  bearing  coarse  ' 
Fi.  ^5_Piwo6-  oblique  striations,fi'om  which  a  deep  furrow  runs 
l;ai«i  2    t  to  the  apex  of  the  segment,  the  furrow  mth  a 
,  ¥    T  transverse  striae  ;  abdomen  with  the 

h^,e  of  the  1st  segment  narrowed,  almost  petiolate,  the  apex 
Sy  constricted.  Black,  the  abdomen  with  ^Ij" 
fnnttint  the  apical  margins  of  segments  2-4  testaceous ;  the 
E  erect  'pnbescJnce  whitish,  the  pile  on  the  c  ypeus  and  abdo- 
^uISJs  silvery;  wings  hyaline,  nervnres  and  tegd^  browish 

Kumaun,  North  India  ;  Maulmain,  Tenasserim  ;  Borneo. 
5  c?  .  Length  8-9  ;  exp.  15-16  mm. 

Genus  TEYPOXYLON. 

Sphex,  pt..  Linn.  S^/st  Nat  ed.  x,  t.  i,  p.  569  (1758). 
Trvpoxylon,  Latr.  Precis  Caract.  Gen.  Ins.  p.  i^i  {f'd'o). 
Ap^s,  Murine,  Sym.  i,  p.  140  (1807). 
Type,  T.figulus  (Linn.). 

SXa^tdetthrL™.  o,  .  little  wider  ;  n,.ndible. 


TEYPOXYLON. 


223 


inner  orbits  with  a  deep  indentation  or  sinus ;  front  and  vertex 
often  raised  and  produced  in  various  ways,  shield-shaped,  strongly 
convex,  &c. ;  ocelli  three,  complete,  round ;  pronotum  on  a  level 
with  or  depressed  beneath  the  mesonotum  ;  median  segment  never 
truncate  posteriorly,  usually  with  a  more  or  less  steep  slope  at 
apex ;  legs  short,  simple,  or  very  feebly  spined,  intermediate  tibiae 
with  one  apical  spur.  Wings  usually  short  in  proportion  to  length 
of  body,  the  row  of  booklets  on  the  costal  margin  of  the  posterior 


Fig.  56. — Trypoxylon  :  fore  wing. 

wing  interrupted  in  the  middle  ;  fore  wing  with  one  radial  cell  not 
truncate  at  apex  nor  appendiculate,  and  two  cubital  cells,  but  the 
2nd  almost  obsolete,  defined  by  such  faint  nervures  that  it  is 
somewhat  difficult  to  detect  except  in  a  strong  light  ;  abdomen 
elongate,  basal  segment  formed  into  a  slender  petiole,  2nd  segment 
petiolate  at  base,  usually  very  slightly  increasing  in  thickness 
towards  the  apex,  3rd  a  little  thicker,  4th  and  5th  subequal ;  apical 
segment  in  female  conical  acute,  in  male  arched  or  truncate. 

The  species  of  this  genus  construct  their  nests  of  clay,  making 
delicate  little  shells,  granular  on  the  outside  and  somewhat 
lengthened  in  shape ;  these  they  store  with  mimite  spiders  as 
food  for  their  larvse.  Home  found  their  nests  built  on  straws ;  I 
have  only  once  found  a  nest  so  built. 

Trypoxylon  pileaium,  which  is  very  common  in  Burma,  usually 
selects  the  folds  of  an  unopened  newspaper  lying  on  the  table  in 
the  verandah,  or  the  ends  of  a  closed  book,  on  which  to  construct  its 
fragile  little  nests.  I  have  also  seen  T.  bicolor  carrying  clay  to  an 
old  nail-  or  screw-hole  in  the  walls  or  doors  of  the  house. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Median  segment  with  a  medial  longitudinal 
furrow,  and  two  lateral  convergent  furrows 
enclosing  a  triangular  space  at  base  of  seg- 
ment. 

a.  Head  produced  into  a  shield-shaped  promi- 

nence on  front   T.  pileatum,  p.  224. 

b.  Fi'ont  with  a  more  or  less  marked  furrow 

down  the  middle. 
a'.  Triangular   space   at   base  obscurely 

transversely  striate   T.  intrudens,  p.  224. 

v.  Trianijular  space  at  base  smooth. 

d^.  Medial  furrow  broad,  transversely 
striate,  continued  down  to  apex  of 

segment   T.camUculatum,Tp.225. 

b^.  Medial  furrow  comparatively  nar- 
rower, interrupted  about  middle 
of  the  segment  by  a  transverse 
hollow    T.  buddha,  p.  225. 


224 


SPHEGIDjE. 


B.  Median  segment  with  a  medial  longitudinal 
tut  no  lateral  furrows. 
a  Stoutly  made   and  densely  pubescent; 
pubescence  and  pile  on  head  and  thorax 

aoldeu  •  • "  ' 

h  More  slenderly  made,  pubescence  not  so 
dense ;  pubescence  and  pile  on  head  and 
thorax  silvery. 

tcJr. T.  —0.,  p.  m 

b'  Front  with  a  carina  between  base  ot 

wholly  black   T.reJector,,.226. 

b"".  hegs  blacl?,  variegated  with  ruto- 
testaceous. 
a3.  Abdomen  black,  2nd  and  3rd  seg- 

ments  red  ■  •  •  •  '  ^ 

J3  Abdomen  red,  basal  segment  (pe- 

tiole)  only  black   T.  gracikm  P-  227. 

419   Trvpoxylon  pileatum.  Smith,  Cai.  iv,  p.  377,  ^^KM,Verh^ 
S  hot.  Gel  Wien,  1884,  p.  206;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph. 

ifgrica^ns!  Ca^.  Mer..  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889, 

p.  119. 

0  ^    Head-the  clypeus  densely  pilose  the  front  above  the 
5^  (J.  iieaa    huv  yyi'       .  •  i j  ^u„ng(j  form  rounded  above, 
antennae  produced  .^^  ^^^^^P 

triangular,  and  runmng  into  a  sbarp^c^^^^^^  ^^^^ 

lateral  angles  of  the  shield  a  short 
carina  runs  into  the  emargination  ot 
the  eyes,  beneath  which  on  each  side 
the  face  is  hollowed  and  smooth  ;  the 
anterior  ocellus  is  placed  in  the  top  of 
the  shield, the  posterior  two  oceUi  above 
it:  mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  post- 
w  scutellum  smooth  and  shining ;  median 

7  BPP-ment  with  an  enclosed  subtnan- 

^*^»r          X  ™ce  .t  base,  e-osur^HJ^ 
^  a  medial  transversely  striate  turrow 

continued  down  from  the  apex  ^If^^^'^^^^^^^^^^ 
of  the  segment;  P^^^^^f '  ^^t\han  twL  the  the  head 

^^S'So~al;  Madras;  Ceylon.,  Burma;  Tenas- 
serfm     ^  <i  ■  Length  9-12 ;  e.p.  14-16  mm. 

&„cA£m-So..(4)ii,1889,p.ll9. 
5       Head  minutely  and  somewhat  closely  punctured,  the 


TRTPOXTLOX.  225 


punctures  shallow ;  the  clypeus,  front  up  to  the  emargination  of  the 
eyes,  and  cheeks  delicately  pilose ;  a  shallow  vertical  furrow  Irom 
the  anterior  ocellus  meeting  a  short  carina  running  up  from 
between  the  base  of  the  antennce  ;  thorax  smooth,  shining,  and 
sparsely  punctured ;  a  line  on  the  pronotum,  the  sides  and  apex  of 
the  mesonotum,  the  pleuraj,  and  the  sides  and  apex  of  the  median 
segment  pilose ;  median  segment  long,  steeply  sloped  at  apex  ; 
a  transversely  striate  and  medially  furrowed  triangular  space  at 
base  enclosed  by  deep  posteriorly  convergent  furrows ;  the  obliciuely 
truncated  portion  also  with  a  medial  furrow ;  abdomen  long,  about 
twice  the  length  of  the  head  and  thorax  united.  Black,  with 
glittering  silvery  pile ;  the  2nd  and  3rd  abdominal  segments  red, 
shaded  with  fuscous  above;  legs  testaceous,  variegated  with 
black;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent;  nervures  and  tegulaj  pale 
testaceous. 

Hah.  North-West  Provinces,  India;  Ceylon;  Burma.  9  cJ 
Length  9-10  ;  exp.  12—15  mm. 

421.  Trypoxylon  canaliculatum,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph  Soc  (4) 

11,  1889,  pp.  118, 122.  ■  ^  ' 

?  .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  T.  intrudens,  Smith,  but  the 
eyes  beneath  are  closer,  the  clypeus  is  bluntly  carinated  in  the 
middle,  the  apex  recurved  ;  the  median  segment  has  a  more 
gradual  slope  and  the  enclosed  triangular  space  at  its  base  is 
smooth,  the  medial  and  lateral  furrows  only  being  transversely 
striate. 

Hab.  Barrackpore;  Tirhoot;  Mussooree.  $.  Lenqth  8-10- 
exp.  12-13  mm.  ' 

422.  Trypoxylon  buddha,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc  U)  ii  1889 

pp.  118,  119.  \  I    '  ) 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  shining,  covered  all  over  with 
a  very  thin  short  pubescence  ;  clypeus  and  the  emargination  of  the 
eyes  densely  pdose :  the  front  raised,  convex,  divided  by  a  deep 
furrow  which  joins  on  below  to  a  prominent  carina  above  the  bases 
of  the  antenna  ;  the  front  covered  with  coarse  punctures  •  median 
segment  coarsely  transversely  striate,  a  subtriangular  'space  at 
base  enclosed  by  deep  convergent  furrows  meeting  about  midway 
down  the  slope  of  the  segment,  the  enclosed  space  with  a  medial 
broad  turrow,  beyond  the  apex  of  which  the  segment  is  transverselv 
excavated  ;  abdomen  long,  curved,  the  apex  of  the  petiole  swollen 
larger  than  the  apex  of  the  2nd  segment.  Jet-black,  the  thin 
short  pubescence  hoary  white,  the  pile  on  the  clypeus  and  Face 
shining  silvery  ;  wings  hyaline  and  beautifully  iridescent,  nervures 
and  tegula)  testaceous  brown. 

ira6  Barrackpore,   Bengal      2  •  Length  9;    exp.  12  mm 
d  unknown.    Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 


VOL.  I. 


Q 


226  SPHBGID^. 

423  TrVDOXVlon  coloratum,  SmitJi,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  106,  S ; 
A-ohl,  Verh.  zool.-hot.  Ges.    Wien,  1884,  p.  203;   Cam.  Mem. 
Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  118. 
9  .  Not  so  slenderly  made  as  the  majority  of  the  species  of  this 
genus.  Head,  thorax,' and  abdomen  densely  pubescent,  the  pubes- 
cence long  and  soft  on  the  civ  pens,  the  front  cheelts  behmd  the 
eyes,  on  the  pronotum,  the  front,  sides,  and  apex  of  the  mesonotum, 
the  scutellum,  postscutellum,  median  segment,  and  pleur[E,  shorter 
and  less  dense  on  the  abdomen  ;  the  legs  pilose  ;  the  head  and 
thorax  underneath  the  pubescence  moderately  punctured;  the 
disc  of  the  mesonotum  and  the  middle  of  the  median  segment 
smooth  and  shining ;  the  latter  long,  with  a  gradual  slope  to  the 
apex,  and  a  short  medial  longitudinal  groove  widening  about  mid- 
way into  a  deep  shining  broad  hollow,  and  another  longer  wider 
fovea  on  the  slope  of  the  segment;  clypeus  long,  subt^nangular, 
convex,  the  apex  broadly  rounded  ;  the  front  with  a  small  tubercle 
above  the  base  of  the  antennae.    Black,  the  pubescence  golden  ; 
the  mandibles,  the  apical  margin  of  the  clypeus,  the  scape  and 
basal  four  joints  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennjE  the  posterior 
margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  the  petiole  of  the  abdomen 
ben,  ath,  the  base  of  the  2nd  and  3rd,  and  the  apical  margins  of 
the  3rd  4th,  and  5th  segments  above  pale  testaceous  red ;  the  legs 
testaceous,  variegated  with  black;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent, 
nervures  and  tegulse  testaceous. 

J  similar,  the  abdomen  more  or  less  rufo-fuscous  with  the  apex 

^%b.   Tenasserim;   Borneo.      2  ^  Length  20 ;    ea=p.  2S  mm. 
cj  slightly  smaller.    Type  in  the  British  Museum. 

424  TrvDOXVlon  obsonator,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1873,  p.  194,  ?  6  ; 
Kohl,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  1884,  p.  205. 
2     Closely  resembles  T.  bicolor,  but  is  constantly  larger, 
the  front  above  the  base  of  the  antennae  bears  a  small  tub^rc  e 
nstead  of  a  carina,  the  medial  furrow  on  the  medann  segment  is 
bl-oader  and  not  interrupted  in  the  middle,  and  the  head  and 
thornx  are  more  densely  pubescent  and  pilose.         , ,    ,  , 

i    Differs  from  the  female  in  having  the  antennae  blade  beneath 
not  rufo-fulvous,  and  a  fuscous  patch  at  the  base  of  the  2nd 

nTL\Tsrm\t;:n.  2..L..,..15-18;  ..^.26-28mm. 

tam  Mem.  Munch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  119. 
"0    Length  5i  lines  (11  mm.).     Black,  with  the  2nd  and 
Srd  segments  of  the  abdomen  red,  the  legs  black. 

"Srd  the  clypeus,  and  the  emargination  of  the  eyes  silvery  ; 
tins      the  mandibles  ferruginous,  the  palpi  pale  testaceous;  an 
mpressed  line  in  front  of  the  anterior  ocellus,  terminating  at  an 


TBYPOXYLON". 


227 


elevated  carina  just  before  the  insertion  of  the  antenurc.  Thorax 
smooth  and  shining  on  the  disc  ;  the  sides  of  the  metatliorax  with 
silvery  pubescence,  and  a  smooth  enclosed  space  at  its  base  divided 
by  a  central  channel,  beyond  the  enclosure  it  divides  iiito  a  deep 
and  wide  fossulet :  wings  subhj^iline,  their  apical  margins  clouded 
and  beautifully  iridescent ;  legs  entirely  black.  Abdomen  with  a 
long  petiole,  smooth  and  shining ;  the'  second  and  third  segments 
red,  their  apical  margins  more  or  less  fuscous. 
"  Hah.  Mainpuri,  North-West  Provinces. 

"This  species  was  bred  from  cells  constructed  by  PterocUlus 
pulchellus." 


426.  Trypoxylon  hicolor.   (PI.  II,  fig.  5.) 

S7nitk,  Cat.  iv,  p.  377,  $;  Kofil,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  1884, 
p.  203 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  118. 
Trypoxylon  accumulator,  Smiih,  Trans.  Ent.  Son.  187.5,  p.  38,  2  . 
Trvpoxylon  tinctipennis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889, 
pp.  119  &  121.  ^  '  ' 

2  c?  •  Clvpeus,  the  front  above  the  antennae,  the  emargination 
of  the  eyes,  the  cheeks,  the  pronotum  in  front,  the  sides  and 
apex  of  the  raesonotum,  the  sides  of  the  median  segment,  and 
the  pleurffi  pubescent ;  the  pubescence  or  pile  dense  on  the  elypeus, 
the  cheeks,  pleurae,  and  sides  of  the  median  segment ;  the  front 
and  vertex  of  the  head  minutely  and  closely  punctured,  somewhat 
opaque ;  the  antennal  carina  short,  prominent ;  the  front  vertically 
furrowed;  the  pro-  and mesonotum,  scutellum,  postscutellum  and 
median  segment  smooth  and  shining  in  the  middle,  the  last  with 
a  submterrupted  medial  longitudinal  furrow,  broadening  above 
and  below  the  posterior  slope  of  the  segment ;  abdomen  smooth 
and  shining,  obscurely  pilose.  Black,  the  pubescence  silvery  •  the 
mandibles,  the  anterior  tibiaj  in  front,  the  tarsi,  the  base  of  the 
intermediate  and  posterior  tibis  and  tarsi  rufo-testaceous  ;  the 
apex  ot  the  petiole  and  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments  of  the  abdomen 
ferruginous  red ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent,  the  nervures  and 
teguiffi  testaceous. 

iTaft.  Sikhim;  Burma;  Tenasserim;  Singapore;  Java.  Qd. 
Length  12-15  ;  e.rp.  18-23  mm. 

427.  Trypoxylon  gracHescens,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1861,  p.  85, 2- 
2-.Clypeus  front  to  a  little  above  the  base  of  the  antenna 

the  sinus  ot  the  eyes,  the  inner  narrowly  and  the  outer  orbits 
broadly,  a  line  on  the  pronotum,  the  sides  and  apex  of  the  meso- 
notum and  ot  the  median  segment  densely  pilose,  the  rest  of  the 
head  and  thorax  smooth  and  shining;  the  front  divided  by  a 
vertical  furrow,  on  each  side  of  which  the  face  is  convexly  raised  • 
median  segment  with  a  medial  longitudinal  shght  furrow  horn 
base  to  verge  of  oblique  portion  of  segment,  thence  to  apex  broadly 
channelled  ;  abdomen  smooth.  Head,  thorax,  and  petiole  of 
abdomen  black  ;  the  apex  of  the  elypeus,  the  scape  of  the  autenn£D 

q2 


228  BPHBGID^. 

and  the  legs,  except  the  bases  of  all  the  cox£e  and  the  posterior 
femora  in  the  middle,  testaceous ;  mandibles  ferraguious,  liagellum 
of  the  antpnnte  piceous  ;  2nd  and  succeeding  segments  ot  the 
abdomen  red,  the  pile  on  the  bead  and  thorax  bright  sdvery ;  wuigs 
hvaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  brown,  tegulaj  pale  testaceous. 

'  Hab  Not  uncommon  in  Southern  Tenasserim  ;  described  origi- 
nally from  Makassar  in  Celebes.     $  .  LemjtU  13  ;  exp.  20  mm. 

cJ  unknown. 

Genus  AMMOPHILA. 

Sphex,  pt.,  Linn.  Faun.  Suec.  p.  411 
Ponipilus,  pt.,  Fabr.  Lnt.  Syst.  Supp.  p.  246  (1798) 
Pelojoeus',  pt. ;  Pepsis,  pt.,  Fabr.  pp.  202  &  207  (1804). 

Ammophila,  Eirhj,  Trans.  Lmn.  'S'^''' i^' P- Jf.  (^°"f> 
Psammophila,  pt.,  Dahlh.  Hym.  Fur.  i,  p.  431  (1845). 
Parapsammophila,  pt.,  Taschenb.  ZMsc.hr.  ges.  Nat.  Saclis.  Thur 
xx.xiv,  p.  429  (1869). 
Type,  A.  sahtdosa.  Linn. 

Ranqe.  Over  both  hemispheres.        „        .       ,  ^t. 
In  the  fore  wing  the  2nd  cubital  cell  reeeives  both  recurrent 

nervures;  the  thu-d  cubital  is  sub- 
triaugular,  much  narrowed  towards 
the  radial  cell.  The  fore  tarsi  (?) 
strongly,  (d)  feebly  ciliated  on  the 
outer  side,  with  stiff  hairs  and  spines. 
Body  lengthened  and  slender,  more 
slender  than  in  Sceliphron.—The  female 
II  \W     makes  burrows   in   the   ground  and 

^  stores  her  nest  with  either  caterpillars 

AmmopMa^atripcs,  ^.    \.     or  spiders. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Petiole  of  atdomen  two-jointed. 

a.  Pro-  and  mesonotum,  and  the  median 
segment  striate. 
a'.  Le?s  red.  .•  i 

a-.  Median  segment  above  reticmate,  •    „  n  ,i  990 

not  striate,  along  the  middle. . . .    A.  atnpes  ? ,  p.  229. 

6^.  Median  .segment  above  transversely 
striate  along  the  middle.  . .  . .  .  •  ■ 

a^.  The    middle    portion  ot  the 
median  segment  at  base  above 

Sd  into  a  V-form   A.  humberhana,  p.  230. 

63  The    middle    portion  of  the 
median  segment  at  base  above 
not  raised,  rounded. 
a*  Pro- and  mesonotum  marked  „  .9Qn 

"th  red    <^»'"'''"''''  P' 

M.^Pro-  and' mesonotum"  black. .    A.  basalts,  p.  231. 

6'.  Legs  black.  .  •    i  j. 

a\  Median  segment  above  reti-nilate,  ,  P- 229. 

not  striate,  along  the  middle ....    A.  atnpes  a  ,  p. 


AMMOPHtLA. 


229 


b'.  Median  segment  above  transversely 
or  obliquely  striate  along  the 
middle. 

a'.  Mesonotum  raised  in  tbe  middle, 
■with  a  longitudinal  furrow  on 

each  side   A.  myabunda,  p.  231. 

i'.  Mesonotum  not  raised  in  the 

middle  nor  sulcata   A.  nigripes,  p.  231. 

b.  Pro-  and  mesonotum  punctured,  not 
striate,  median  segment  only  striate. 
a'.  Legs  red. 

n^.  Posterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  black  . .    A.  lavigata,  p.  231. 
i*.  Posterior  tibiffi  and  tarsi  red. 
a".  Abdomen  wholly  red,  or  red  with 
all  the  segments  above  fuscous 

black   A.  elegans,  p.  232. 

b^.  Abdomen  with  segments  5  and  6 

always  entirely  black   A.  smithii,  p.  232. 

b'.  Legs  black. 

a-.  Abdomen  massive,  broad  and 
slightly  flat;    median  segment 

not  carinated    A.  brevipennis,  p.  232. 

¥.  Abdomen  more  or  less  cylindrical, 
acutely  pointed  at  the  apex,  not 
flat ;    median  segment  with  a 

marked  medial  longitudinal  carina.  A.  punctata,  p.  233. 
B.  Petiole  of  abdomen  one-jointed. 
a.  Tarsal  claws  unidentate. 

a'.  Legs  and  petiole  red   A.  fuscipennis,  n.  233. 

b  .  Legs  and  petiole  black. 

a\  Aledian  segment  punctured,  not 

.2  ^f^^^^    -4.  lata,  p.  234. 

b  .  Median  segment  obliquely  striate, 
with  a  medial  longitudinal  furrow 

bearing  a  carina  down  the  middle  .    A.  Mrticeps,  p.  234. 
c^.  Median  segment  transverely  striate 
above  and  on  the  sides  and  not 
furrowed. 
a^.  Abdomen  red  and  black  ;  wings 

.V^^^^*^  •  •  •   A.apicata,-a.2U. 

b^.  Abdomen  wholly  black  ;  wings 

,   m      1  /a'^'i  fiisco-hyaline    A.  mandibulata, -p.  23i. 

b.  Tarsal  claws  bidentate    a.  erythrocephala,  p.  23-5. 

A.  Petiole  of  abdomen  two-jointed. 

428.  AmmopMla  atripes,  Smith,  A.  M.  N.  H.  (2)  ix,  1852,  p.  46 ;  id. 
Cat.  IV,  p.  217 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Sac.  (4)  ii,  1889, 
p.  93.  \  J    '  > 

Ammophila  simillima,  Stnith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  217. 

Ammophila  pulchella,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  218. 

?  Ammophila  longiventris,  Sattss.  Novara-Reise,  Hum.  p.  24  V 

Ammophila  spinosa.  Smith,  A.M.N.  H.  (4)  xii,  1873,  p.  259,  9 

p™93  '^*94        '  ^-  ("^)  1889, 

$ .  Head,  legs,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining ;  pronotum, 


230  SPIIECilDiE. 


mesonotum  anteriorly,  and  the  sides  of  «XriU 
transversely  striate,  the  scutellum  and  postscutellum  ^^i^f^^'^u^^l^ 
striate;  the  middle  ol:  the  median  segment  above  hnely  reticulate 
clvpeus  subtriangular,  slightly  convex,  its  anterior  mai-gin  aiThed 
front  at  the  base  of  the  antenna)  concave.    Black ;  the  femora 
t  biiB,  basal  two  joints  of  the  tarsi,  the  petiole,  and  basal  segment 
pint  of  petiole)  of  the  abdomen  red ;  rest  ot  the  abdomen 
blue-b  ack,  which  colour  extends  more  or  less  on  to  the  basal 
L-ment  above ;  the  scape  and  basal  joint  ot  the  flagellum  of  the 
antenna  dull  r;d,  the  apical  joints  of  the  tarsi  black;  wings  light 
fnsco-hyaline  with  a  yellowish  tinge. 

^  Similar  in  colour  and  sculpture,  but  with  the  petaole  of  the 
abdomen,  the  legs,  and  the  scape  and  basal  joint  of  ^^^^  J^nn. 
also  black,  the  petiole  only  being  slightly  reddish  beneath,  the 
abdomen  covered  with  a  short  fine  silvery  pile. 

Hab.  India;  Burma;  Tenassenm ;  Ceylon;  China^  ol,;,,^ 
18-30  •  eccp.  36-40  mm.     6  •  Length  23-2/  ;  e.i^^j  30-33  mm 

I  havelarefuUy  examined  the  types  of  A  .«n^^^.ma, 
and  s^nnosa,  all  in  the  British  Museum  and  -mpared  them  vv  th 
the  type  of  atrij^es,  also  the  type  of  A.  buddha,  Cam.,  m  Mi.  Koto 
nev's  collection     A.  lorujiventris,  Sauss.,  I  have  not  seen,  but  the 
SScri,;t° on  exactly  corresponds  with  that  of  A.2Mella,  Smith= 
atripes  (5 . 

*429.  Ammophila  humljertiaiia,  Sauss  NamrMe.Hym.  p.  26,  $ ; 
Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Fh.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  93. 

Q  Verv  closely  allied  and  similar  to  A  atripes  Smith,  of  which 
this  miv  oK  be  an  extreu.e  form.  According  to  the  descrip  ion  it 
differ^  ^  sculpture  of  the  metanotum,  which  is  "  postice  obhque 
f  V-  0  mam  etato-strigato,"  and  in  the  colour  of  the  antenn., 
which  have  the  basal  segments  of  the  flagellum  red. 

Eab.  Ceylon.     $  .  Length  28  ;  wmg  17  mm. 

430  Ammophila  dimidiata,  Smith,  Cat.Jv,  p.  216,  $;  Cam.  Mem. 
'      Manch.  L.  Ph.  Sue.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  93. 

.Women  ™»»*-    fj^»°'^'        pZoUm,  t..o  m»ks  autenorly 

metallic  blue.  , ,    4.p„„im  and  basal  five 

Var.  The  whole  of  ^^e  mesonotum  the  te|u^^,  a^  ^ 

joints  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antenna  red ,  vMngs  na  y 
'"S" Bengal;   Madras.     2-  Length   22-28;   e.p.  31  mm. 
^"^^nknown  '  Type  in  the  British  Museum. 


AMMOPHinA. 


231 


481.  AmmopMla  basalis,  SmM,  Cat.  iv,  p.  214,  $  ;  Cam.  Mem. 
Maiich.  L.  Ph.  Hoc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  93. 
Ammophila  orieutalis.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  I'h.  Sue.  (4)  ii,  1889, 
pp.  93  &  9G. 

$  .  Closely  allied  to  A.  atripes.  Smith,  but  a  much  smaller  and 
slijjiiter  iusect,  and  differing  in  having  the  median  segment  both  at 
the  sides  and  above  very  finely  transversely  striate,  not  reticulate, 
and  in  colour  in  having  the  basal  segment,  and  basal  half,  two- 
thirds,  or  whole  of  the  following  segment  of  the  abdomen  red. 
This  coloration  is  constant  in  all  the  specimens  I  have  seen. 

Hah.  The  Punjab  ;  N.W.  India.  $  .  Length  20-22 ;  ewp.  28- 
30  mm.     c?  unknown. 

432.  Ammophila  vagabunda,  S7nith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  218,  $  ;  Cam.  Mem. 

Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  94. 
Ammophila  spinipes.  Smith,  2nd  Yark.  Miss.,  Hym.  p.  16. 

2 .  Head  smooth,  with  a  few  scattered  shallow  punctures,  the 
front  deeply  concave  ;  the  clypeus  depressed ;  pro-  and  mesonotum, 
scutellum  and  postscutellum  strongly  punctured,  the  mesonotum 
raised  in  the  middle,  with  a  shallow  Ijroad  fuiTow  on  each  side 
and  a  longitudinally  impressed  medial  line  anteriorly,  the  punc- 
tures runuiug  into  strias  in  the  lateral  furrows  and  at  the  apex 
of  the  mesonotum ;  median  segment  transversely  sti-iate ;  abdomen 
smooth.  Elack;  the  apical  half  of  the  2nd  joint  of  the  petiole 
and  the  succeeding  abdominal  segment  red,  the  rest  of  the  abdomen 
blue-back  ;  wings  hght  f  usco-hyahne  and  iridescent. 

^rt5.  Northern  India;  North  China;  Sumatra.  $.  Length 
22;  exp.  25  mm. 

The  three  specimens,  all  I  have  seen,  in  the  British  Museum 
are  all  iemales.  It  is  possible  that  A.  nigripes,  Smith,  is  the 
male.  However,  the  sculpture  of  the  thorax  is  sufficiently 
different  to  keep  them  apart  for  the  present. 

433.  AmmopMla  nigripes.  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  215,  J  ;   Cam.  Mem. 

Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  93. 

cJ.  Head  smooth,  the  clypeus  and  front  pruinose;  the  pro- 
and  mesonotum  and  median  segment  transversely  striate,  the 
sides  of  the  last  covered  with  soft,  white,  rather  thin  pubescence  ; 
scutellum  and  postscutellum  longitudinally  striate ;  the  legs  and 
abdomen  smooth,  slightly  pruinose,  the  bases  of  the  segments  of 
the  latter  densely  so.  Black ;  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen 
red,  fuscous  at  base  above,  the  remaining  segments  blue-black,  the 
apical  two  with  a  green  effulgence;  wings  hyaline,  with  a  brownish 
iridescent  effulgence ;  the  clypeus  and  face  in  front  with  ghstening 
silvery  pile. 

Hab.  Madras  ;  Southern  India.     J  .  Length  16  ;  exp.  24  mm. 

434.  AmmopMla  laevigata.  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  215,  $  ;  Cam.  Mem 

Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  93  ;  Bingh.  P.  Z.  S.  1896,  p.  437'. 

2 .  Head,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  postscutellum 


232 


SPHEGIDjE. 


smooth,  with  a  few  fine  scattered  punctures  ;  median  segment 
coarselv  punctured,  rugose  down  the  middle  above,  the  sides 
transversely  striate ;  the  head  in  front  and  the  sides  of  the  thorax 
pruiuose  ;  "the  abdomen  smooth,  obscurely  pruinose.  Black,  with 
the  clypeus,  the  sides  of  the  face,  the  tubercles,  and  the  sides  of 
median  segment  covered  with  glistening  silvery  pile  ;  the  legs,  the 
petiole,  and  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  with  the  basal  two- 
thirds  of  the  2nd  segment  red ;  the  coxse  and  trochanters  of  all 
the  legs,  and  the  femora  above,  tibiffi  at  apex,  and  tarsi  of  the 
posterior  legs  black,  the  basal  two  segments  of  the  abdomen 
also  touched  with  black;  wings  hyaline  with  a  yellowish  tmge, 
nervures  testaceous,  tegulae  reddish. 

Hah.  Guzerat;  Madras;  Bangalore;  Ceylon.     ?.  Length  20; 
exp.  24  mm. 

435.  Ammophila  elegans,  Smith,  Cat.  iv.  p.  216,  ?  d  ;  Cam.  Mem. 
Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  93. 
$.  Head  and  thorax  densely  pruinose;  legs  and  abdomen 
smooth;  head,  pro-  and  mesonotum  very  closely  and  finely 
punctured  under  the  thick  pilose  coating;  the  median  segment 
finely  transversely  striolate.  Black ;  the  clypeus,  apex  ot  the 
coxsB,  the  trochanters,  femora,  and  tarsi  of  the  legs,  and  the 
abdomen  pale  red;  the  head  and  thorax  covered  with  a  dense 
glistening  silvery  pile;  the  posterior  coxfe,  trochanters,  and 
femora  above,  the  basal  segment  of  the,  abdomen  above,  except  at 
apex,  and  a  spot  above  at  the  bases  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments, 

black ;  wings  clear  hyaline.  ,    ,  ,     -.1,1,11  4. 

3  similar,  but  has  the  whole  abdomen  shaded  with  black  spots 

Hob.  Punjab ;  Bombay.     ?  .  LengtJi  22  ;  exp.  28  mm.     6  ■ 
Length  21;  exp.  26  mm. 

*436  Ammophila  smithii,  Bnly,  MS.  teste  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  217,  $ ; 
Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  94. 

2  "  Black,  the  head  and  thorax  covered  with  silvery  pile, 
which  is  very  dense  on  the  face,  cheeks,  and  thorax  beneath,  the 
coxiB  and  sides  of  the  metathorax  ;  the  scape,  anterior  margin  ot 
the  clypeus,  and  the  mandibles  ferruginous,  the  latter  black  at 
their  t  ps  ;  the  legs  red,  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tarsi  fusco- 
ferruginous.  The  first  joint  of  the  petiole  fusco-ferruginous,  he 
second  with  a  black  spot  at  its  base  above  ;  the  abdomen  red,  the 
fourth  segment  having  a  large  black  spot  in  the  centre  of  its  apex, 
and  the  fifth  and  sixth  segments  bemg  entirely  black. 

'^Bab.  India.     $  .  Length  10^  lines  (=21  mm.). 

437.  AmmopMla  brevipennis,  n.  sp. 

0    Head  and  thorax  in  front  smooth  and  shining,  the  clypeus 
flat;  ;emicircular,  and  pilose,  the  head  and  thorax  «P'^'-««ly 
with  long  hairs;  the  pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  po^t- 
scutellum  niarked  by  scattered  punctures;  mesonotum  markedly 


AMMOPHHiA, 


233 


elevated  in  the  middle,  with  a  longitudinal  broad,  rather  shallow 
furrow  on  each  side  above  the  tegulae  ;  median  segment  finely 
transversely  striate ;  petiole  short ;  abdomen  broad,  somewhat 
vertically  flattened  and  subfusiform,  the  basal  segment  (i.  e.,  2nd 
joint  of  the  petiole)  nearly  cylindrical,  very  little  broadened 
towards  the  apex,  the  following  segment  campanulate.  Intensely 
black,  the  clypeus  with  short  black  pile;  the  petiole,  the  basal  two 
segments  of  the  abdomen  and  the  base  of  the  3rd  bright  vermilion- 
red  ;  wings  flavo-hyaline,  the  apical  margins  beyond  the  cells 
broadly  fuscescent. 

Bab.  Bombay.  5  •  Length  23 ;  exy.  22  mm.  cS  unknown. 
Type  in  the  British  Museum. 

438.  AmmopMla  punctata,  Smith,  Cat,  iv,  p.  218,  $  ;  Cam.  Mem. 

Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soe.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  93. 
Ammophila  vischu  {?  vishnu),  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc. 
(4)  ii,  1889,  pp.  94  &  98. 

2  .  Head,  pro-  and  mesonotum  punctured ;  scutellum,  post-scu- 
tellum,  and  median  segment  coarsely  rugose,  the  last  transversely 
striate  at  the  sides  and  above  and  with  an  obscure  fine  medial 
longitudinal  carina ;  the  face  in  front,  the  tubercles,  and  sides  of 
the  thorax  with  glistening  silvery  pile ;  abdomen  smooth,  opaque. 
Black,  the  apex  of  the  1st  and  the  two  following  segments  of  the 
abdomen  red :  wings  light  fusco-hyaline,  with  the  apical  margins 
slightly  darker ;  nervures  testaceous,  tegulas  black. 

d  similar,  but  with  the  red  portion  of  the  abdomen  shaded 
with  black. 

Rab.  Northern  India ;  Mussooree ;  Sikhim ;  Burma.  $  .  Lenc/tli 
18  ;  exp.  25  mm.     c?  •  Length  17  ;  exp.  26  mm. 

B.  Petiole  of  abdomen  one-jointed. 

439.  AmmopMla  fuscipeimis,  Smith,  Trans.  Zool.  Soc.  vii,  p,  187, 

(S  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  93. 

cj .  Head  and  thorax  with  a  short  sparse  pubescence,  the  face 
in  front  densely  pilose ;  the  clypeus  large,  subtriangular,  with  a 
shallow  furrow  down  the  middle,  the  anterior  margin  recurved, 
slightly  projecting,  transverse  in  the  middle,  with  the  sides  oblique ; 
head  closely  punctured,  the  pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum,  post- 
scutellum,  and  the  enclosed  space  on  the  medijin  segment  above 
coarsely  and  closely  punctured,  the  punctures  running  into  oblique 
strias  at  the  apex  of  the  mesonotum  and  into  longitudinal  striaj  on 
the  scutellum  and  postscutellum ;  the  median  segment  at  apex 
transversely  and  on  the  sides  finely  obliquely  striate ;  petiole  and 
abdomen  smooth.  Black ;  the  scape  of  the  antennae,  the  trochanters, 
femora,  tibiae,  aud  tarsi  (except  the  apical  joint,  which  is  fuscous 
black)  of  the  legs,  and  the  petiole  red ;  wings  fusco-hvaline. 

Hab.  North- West  Provinces.      d .  Length  22  ;  Ivjp.  34  mm. 
$  unknown.    Type  in  the  British  Museum. 


234 


sphbgid;b. 


440.  Ammophila  Iseta,  n.  sp. 

5  .  Head— the  vertex  and  front  coarsely  but  slightly  rugose; 
clypeus  boldly  convex,  its  anterior  margin  arched;  pronotum, 
mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  postscutellum  coarsely  punctured ; 
median  segment  finely  and  very  closely  punctured,  the  puuctures 
running  into  transverse  sti-isB ;  petiole  and  abdomen  smooth  and 
shining,  the  latter  subfusiform,  acute  at  apex.  Black,  the  basal 
three  segments  of  the  abdomen  red,  the  head  and  thorax  in  front 
covered  with  sparsely  scattered  black  hairs  ;  the  median  segment 
with  a  soft,  yellowish-white,  rather  thin  pubescence  ;  wings  f  usco- 
hyaline,  the  apical  margins  broadly  darker. 

Eab.  Ohaman,  South  Afghanistan.    ?  .  Length  19 ;  exp.  28  mm. 
unknown.    Type  in  the  British  Museum. 

*441.  Ammophila  hirticeps.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Son.  (4)  ii, 
1889,  pp.  94  &  99. 

"  2  .  Head  and  thorax  sparsely  punctured  and  densely  pubescent; 
anterior  margin  of  clypeus  broadly  rouuded,  almost  sinuate  in  the 
middle  ;  scutellum  indistinctly  longitudinally  striate ;  the  median 
segment  obliquely  stiiate,  with  a  central  longitudinal  furrow,  which 
has  a  carina  down  the  middle;  petiole  of  abdomen  pubescent. 
Black,  with  long  blacii  hair  and  silvery  pubescence  on  the  clypeus 
and  face  in  front;  abdomen  with  segments  2-4  and  the  base 
of  the  5th  red ;  wings  nearly  hyaline,  the  apex  mf uscate. 

Hab.  Gilgit.  $  .  Length  15  mm.  Type  in  the  Indian  Museum, 
Calcutta. 

442.  Ammophila  apicata,  n.  sp. 

9.  Head,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  postscutellum 
smooth,  shiuing,  with  a  few  scattered  tine  punctures  ;  head  densely 
pruinose  in  front  and  thinly  pubescent ;  median  segment  finely 
transversely  striate  ;  legs  pruinose ;  abdomen  smooth  and  shining, 
the  apex  of  the  4th  and  all  the  5th  segment  above  with  transverse 
erenulated  folds.  Black;  the  clypeus,  face  in  front,  sides  of  the 
thorax,  and  the  legs  with  dense  sHvery  pile,  and  some  long  whitisJi 
pubescence  on  the  bead  and  thorax ;  the  basal  three  segments  of 
the  abdomen  and  basal  half  of  the  4th  deep  red ;  wings  byahne  and 
iridescent,  broadly  light  fuseescent  along  the  apical  margin,  with  a 
dark  fuscous  spot  at  the  extreme  apex  of  the  front  mug ;  nervures 
testaceous  brown,  tegulse  black. 

Hab.  Bombay.     ?.  Length  23;  exp.  33  mm.    Type  in  the 
British  Museum. 

443.  Ammophila  mandihulata,  Kirhy,  Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  y,  p.  134, 
pi.  xiv,  fig.  18. 

9  Head  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining ;  the  head, 
pro-  'and  mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  postscutellum  with  a  tew 
very  tine  scattered  punctures;  median  segment  delicately  trans- 
versely striate;  abdomen  long,  polished  and  impunctate;  mandibles 


AMMOl'HILA. — SOELIPHROK. 


235 


remarkablv  long  and  powerful;  clypeus  convex,  arcuate  anteriorly; 
the  head,  the  prouotum  m  front,  and  the  sides  of  the  median  segment 
siio-htly  pubescent.  Intensely  black  ;  wmgs  fuscous  with  a  slight 
pu°ple  effulgence,  the  hind  wing  a  little  paler ;  pubescence  black. 

Hah.  lieluchistan,  Afghanistan.  ?  .  Lmcjth  21 ;  exjj.  28  mm. 
S  unknown.    Type  in  the  British  Museum. 

444.  AmmopMla  erythrocephala. 

Sphex  erythrocephiila,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  p.  204. 
Pelopoeus  erythrocephalus,  Fabr.  Syst.  Fiez.  p.  203. 
Aminopbila  "eiythrocephala,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  385;  Smith,  Cat.  iv, 
p.  216 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Fh.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  pp.  94  &  100. 
.f  Ammophila  violaceipennis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Fh.  Soc.  (4)  ii, 
1889,  pp.  94  &  100,  S  ■ 
5  .  Head,  pronotum,  legs,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining : 
mesonotum  finely  reticulate,  scutellum  and  postscutellum  longi- 
tudinally striate ;  median  segment  coarsely  reticulate  above  along 
the  middle,  and  transversely  striate  on  the  sides ;  clypeus  broader 
than  high,  slightly  convex,  its  anterior  margin  transverse  in  the 
middle,  oblique  at  the  sides ;  eyes  parallel.    Black,  the  head,  the 
pronotum,  legs,  and  petiole  of  the  abdomen  red ;  the  abdomen  blue- 
black  ;  the  apical  half  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae  black,  the 
scape  and  basal  half  red ;  the  coxae,  trochanters,  and  apical  joint 
of  the  tarsi  fuscous  ;  wings  fuscous  with  a  purple  effulgence. 

cj .  The  head  from  fuscous  red  to  blaclt,  the  clypeus  projecting 
a  little,  the  eyes  convergent  below  (var.  violaceij)ennis.  Cam.). 

Hah.  Throughout  India  except  in  the  extreme  South  and 
South-west  (Malabar).      $ .  Length  32-34 ;  exp.  50-52  mm. 
.  Length  29-31 ;  exp.  48-51  mm. 


Sceliphron,  Klug,  Neue  Sohrift,  d.  Ges.  naturf.  Freunde  zu  Bevl. 

iii,  p.  5.55  (1801). 
Pelopoeus,  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  xiii,  p.  294  (1804). 
Pepsis,  pt.,  Mi(i.  Ed.  Faun.  Etrusc.  ii,  p.  94  (1807). 
Chalybion,  Dahlb.  Hym.  Eur.  i,  p.  21  (1845). 


Tj'pe,  S.  spirifex.  Linn. 
Range.  Over  both  hemispheres. 

In  the  fore  wing  the  2nd  cubital  cell  receives  both  recurrent 
nervures,  and  is  narrowed  at  the  top  by  the  convergence  of  the  ist 


Gtenas  SCELIPHRON. 


Fig.  59. — Sceliphron  formosum,  $  . 


236 


SPHBGIDjE. 


and  2nd  transverse  cubital  nervures  ;  the  3rd  cubital  cell  also 
much  narrowed  at  the  top  by  the  curving  inwards  towards  the  base 
of  the  ceil  of  the  3rd  transverse  cubital  nervure.  Fore  tarsi  not 
ciliated.  Abdomen  with  a  long,  slender,  1-jointed  petiole,  the 
remaining  segments  together  abruptly  widened,  ovate,  acute  at 
apex.    The  $  makes  earthen  cells  and  stores  them  with  spiders. 


Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Colours  black  and  yellow. 

a.  Mesonotum  striate. 

a'.  Median  segment  with  a  medial  longitudinal 
broad  furrow. 
a^.  Comparatively  large  (length  27-30  mm.), 
a'.  Exti'eme  apex  of  femora  and  apical  half 

of  tibise  of  posterior  legs  black    8.  intrudens,  p.  236. 

¥.  Femora  and  tibiee  of  posterior  legs 

entirely  yellow   S.  spinoles,  p.  237. 

b\  Comparatively    small   (length  16-18 

mm.).    Apical  two-thii'ds  of  femora  [p.  237. 

and  of  tibifB  of  posterior  legs  black    .  .    S.  madraspatanum, 
b'.  Median  segment  without  a  broad  medial 

longitudinal  furrow.  [?•  238. 

Median  segment  black    S.  coromandehcum, 

ii'^.  Median  segment  variegated  with  yellow. 

a^.  Tibiaj  of  the  posterior  legs  yellow  .  .    S.  solieri,  p.  238. 
If.  Tibise  of  the  posterior  legs  black    .  .    S.  hilineatum,  p.  239. 

b.  Mesonotum  punctured,  not  striate    'S-  javamim,  p.  239. 

B.  Colours  chestnut-brown  and  yellow    8.  formosum,  p.  239. 

C.  Colour  dark  shining  cobalt-blue,  with  glistening 

silvery  pubescence    S.  violaceum,  p.  240. 

445.  Sceliphron  intrudens. 

PelopcBus  intrudens,  8mith,  Jour.  Linn.  8oc.  1859,  p.  15,  5  . 
$  .  Head  and  thorax  pubescent,  clypeus  and  the  face  in  front 

densely  pruinose ;  head,  pro-  and 
mesonotum  finely  and  very  closely 
punctured,  the  punctures  running 
into  indistinct  strise  on  the  last ; 
ecutellum  and  postscutellum  longi- 
tudinally, the  enclosed  raised  space 
at  the  base  of  the  median  segment 
transversely,  and  the  sides  and  apex  of 
the  same  obliquely  striate ;  a  medial 
longitudinal  broad  furrow  on  the 
raised  space  on  the  median  segment ; 
the  petiole  and  basal  two  segnients  of 
the  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  the 
rest  of  the  segments  with  minule 
Fig.  60.  ^        longitudinal  stria;.  Black,  with  black 

Sceliphron  intrudens,  2  ■  ^.  pubescence;  the  clypeus  and  front 
Tvith  sHvery  pile,  the  apex  of  the  femora,  the  tibia  and  basal  joint  of 
the  tarsi  of  the  anterior  and  intermediate  legs,  the  trochanters, 


scELipnnoN. 


237 


femora  except  at  apex,  base  of  the  tibiae,  basal  joint  of  the  tarsi 
of  the  posterior  legs,  and  petiole  of  abdomen  yellow  ;  w  ings  light 
flavo-liyaline. 
cf  similar. 

Var.  The  posterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  entirely  black. 
Hab.  Sikhim  ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ;  Celebes.     $  c? .  Length 
27-30 ;  e.vp.  43-45  mm. 

446.  Sceliphron  spinolsB. 

Pelopceus  spinolffi,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  307,  $  ;  Smith,  Cat.  iv, 
p.  231 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  102. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  pubescent ;  the  head  finely  but  not  verv 
closely  punctured,  the  mesonotum  finely  obliquely  striate,  scu- 
tellum  and  postscutellmn  longitudinally  striate ;  median  segment 
long,  the  enclosed  space  at  the  base  raised,  obliquely  striate, 
with  a  broad  furrow  down  the  ruiddle,  the  sides  of  the  median 
segment  obliquely  striate  ;  petiole  and  succeeding  segment  of  the 
abdomen  smooth,  the  rest  of  the  segments  with  minute  longitudinal 
striae.  Black,  with  black  pubescence ;  the  apex  of  the  femora,  the 
tibiae,  and  basal  two  or  three  joints  of  the  tarsi  of  the  anterior  and 
intermediate  legs  reddish  yellow ;  the  trochanters,  femora,  tibiee, 
basal  two  or  three  joints  of  the  tarsi  of  the  posterior  legs,  and  the 
petiole  of  the  abdomen  clear  straw-yellow ;  the  apical  joints  of  the 
tarsi  fuscous  brown  or  black ;  wings  deep  flavo-hyaline  at  base, 
clearer  towards  the  apex. 

d  similar,  with  a  longer  petiole. 

Hab.  Ceylon  ;  Southern  India  ;  Bombay ;  Bengal.  9  d  .  Lenath 
27-30  ;  e.Tp.  40-44  mm. 

447.  Sceliphron  madraspatanum.    (PI.  I,  fig.  7.) 

Sphex  madraspatanus,  Fabr.  Ent.  Stjst.  ii,  p.  204. 

Pelopoeus  madraspatanus,  Fabr.  Syat.  Piez.  p.  203  ;   Smith,  Cat.  W, 

p.  231 ;  Cam.  3Iem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  102. 
Pelopoeus  separatus,  Smith,  A.  M.  N.  B.  (2)  ix,  1852,  p.  47. 

$ .  Head  finely  and  closely  punctured  ;  pronotum  in  front, 
mesonotum,  and  median  segment  finely  and  transversely,  and 
scuf-ellum  and  postscutellum  longitudinally  striate,  the  pronotum 
bituberculate  and  smooth  posteriorly ;  median  segment  with  the 
enclosed  portion  at  base  raised  and  bearing  a  broad  shallow 
medial  longitudinal  furrow ;  petiole  and  abdomen  smooth.  Black, 
the  clypeus  and  sides  of  the  face  in  front  covered  with  a  short  fine 
silvery  pile  ;  a  spot  on  the  apex  of  the  scape  of  the  antenna,  a 
line  on  the  pronotum  (often  absent),  a  spot  on  the  tegula?,  another 
on  the  postscutellum,  the  apex  of  the  femora  and  the  tibijB  of  the 
anterior  four  legs,  the  trochanters,  bases  of  the  femora  and  of  the 
tibiaj  of  the  posterior  legs,  and  the  petiole  of  the  abdomen,  yellow  • 
wmgs  hyaluie  and  iridescent,  with  a  brownish  tint. 

cJ  similar  but  slighter,  with  comparatively  a  longer  petiole. 

Var.  The  scutellum  and  postscutellum  both  yellow. 

Hab.  Throughout  India,  Burma,  Tenasserim,  and  Ceylon  0 
Lmgih  20-22  ;  exip.  28  mm.    ^  .  Length  16-18  ;  exp.  24-27  mm  ' 


238  SPHBGID^. 


448.  Sceliphron  coromandelicum. 

Pelopanis  coromaiiileliciiB,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  306,  2  ;  Smith,  Cat, 

iv,  p.  231  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  101. 
PPeiopoeus  fuscus,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  311. 

2 .  Head  and  thorax  pubescent,  head  with  a  few  very  fine 
punctures  ;  the  clypeus,  sides  of  the  face,  and  behind  the  eyes 
pilose  ;    thorax  very  finely  transversely   striate,  the  posterior 
margin' of  the  pronotiim  and  the  scutellnm  smooth,  the  latter  with 
indications  of  fine  divergent  longitudinal  striae ;  median  segment 
rounded  above,  posteriorlv  steeply  sloped,  the  sides  above  with 
well-marked  furrows  which  unite  posteriorly  and  are  continued  as 
one  furrow  almost  to  the  apex  of  the  median  segment ;  petiole 
and  abdomen  smooth.    Black  with  black  pubescence,  the  pile  on 
the  face  and  cheeks  silvery ;  the  basal  joints  2-4  of  the  flagellum  of 
the  antenuEe  and  the  scape  beneath  yellowish,  in  some  specimens 
entirely  black ;  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  apical 
two-thirds  of  the  femora,  the  tibise  and  tarsi  of  the  four  anterior 
legs  and  the  whole  of  the  femora,  the  tibia3  and  tarsi  of  the  posterior 
pair  with  the  petiole  of  the  abdomen,  ferruginous  yellow  ;  wings 
light  flavo-hyaline,  fuscescent  at  apex ;   nervures  light  brown ; 
tegulae  and  a  spot  below  them  yellow. 
S  similar,  with  a  longer  petiole. 

Hah.  Bombay  ;   Central  and  Southern  India  ;  Burma.     2  <S  ■ 
Length  19-21  {  exp.  32-34  mm. 

*449  Sceliphron  solieri. 

Pelopoeus  solieri,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  318,  2 !  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  231 ; 
Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  102. 

2  "  Head  black,  veiled  in  front  with  black  pubescence  over 
oilvery  pile  •  antenna  black,  the  first  joint  yellow.  Prothorax 
black  with  a  yellow  fascia  above.  Mesothorax  black  ;  a  fascia  under 
the  wings  yellow.  Metathorax  black,  canaliculated  on  both  sides 
above  and  with  a  large  yellow  spot  posteriorly.  The  scatellum 
and  postscutellum  ^-ith  a  yellow  fascia.  Thorax  covered  all  over 
with  black  pubescence.  Abdomen  %vith  the  petiole  black,  the  first 
se-'ment  bearing  on  the  dilated  apical  portion  a  yellow  bar.  Anal 
se^ent  with  black  pubescence.  Legs— the  four  anterior  yellow, 
the  coxffi,  trochanters,  and  base  of  the  femora  black ;  the  two 
nosterior  legs  black,  the  tibiae  and  base  of  the  tarsi  yellow.  Wings 
?ufo-fnscout,  the  apex  darker  ;  the  ner™res,^^the  stigma,  and 
tubercules  fusco-ferruginous  ;  the  tegulse  yellow. 

SX  India  {Smith)  ,  Guadeloupe !  {Lepel.).     2  •  Ler^tl^  10  lines 

^^TJnknown  to  me,  but  closely  alHed  apparently  to  S.Ulineatvm, 

Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Svc.  (4)  ii,  1889  p.  101. 
?  Pelopoeus  pictus,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  ^31. 


SCELITHJION. 


239 


P.  Head  very  finely  and  closely  punctured  ;  front  and  clvpeus 
densely  pruinose,  the  former  slightly  concave,  the  latter  flat, 
produced  anteriorly  into  two  blunt  teeth  in  the  middle  ;  pronotum 
auteriorly,  mesonotum  and  median  segment  finely  transversely 
striate ;  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  scutellum,  posf- 
scntelluin,  the  legs,  and  the  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  the 
apical  five  segments  of  the  last  slightly  pruinose.    Blacic ;  a  'spot 
on  the  middle  of  the  clypeus,  the  scape"  and  basal  four  joints  of  the 
flagellum  of  the  antennas  below,  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pro- 
notum, the  tegulas,  a  line  beneath  the  wings,  the  scutellum  and 
postscutellum  in  the  middle,  two  large  spots  laterally  at  the 
base,  and  the  apical  two-thirds  of  the  median  segment,  tlie  greater 
part  of  the  femora,  the  tibia  and  basal  three  joints  'of  the  tarsi 
of  the  anterior  and  intermediate  legs,  the  greater  part  of  the 
femora  and  basal  two  joints  of  the  tarsi  of  the  posterior  legs, 
and  the  petiole,  with  a  large  spot  above  on  the  succeeding  segment 
of  the  abdomen,  yellow ;  the  black  on  the  median  segment  produced 
back  in  a  narrow  line  almost  to  the  apex  of  the  segment ;  apical 
joints  of  the  tarsi  reddish  ;   clypeus  and  front  with  dense  silvery 
pile  ;   wings  flavo-hyaline,  nervures  yellow,  the  apex  of  the  wines 
hghtly  fuscescent.  ° 
6  similar,  with  a  longer  petiole. 

Var  The  yellow  on  the  posterior  portion  of  the  median  segment 
reduced  to  two  broad  lines. 

Hab.  Western  India.     $  ^ .  Length  16-19  ;  ea;p.  30-33  mm. 

451.  Sceliphron  javanum. 

Pelopoeiis  javaniis  Zepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  309,  2;  Smith,  Cat.  iv, 
p.  J31 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  101. 

?  .  Head,  pro-  and  mesonotum  very  finely  and  closely  punctured  • 
scutellum  and  abdomen  finely  longitudinally  striate,  the  stria  on 
the  latter  exceedingly  fine  and  minute  ;  median  segment  rounded 
above  posteriorly,  abruptly  sloped  to  the  apex,  transverselv  striate, 
with  a  meaial  longitudinal  furrow  ending  at  the  margin  of  the  steen 
slope  ;  head  and  thorax  pubescent.  Black,  with  black  pubescence  • 
the  anterior  four  legs  yellowish  ferruginous,  with  the  coxa,  tro- 
chanteTs,  and  base  of  the  femora  black;  the  posterior  two  black, 
with  the  trochanters  and  the  basal  half  of  the  femora  vellow;  the 
petiole  of  the  abdomen  yellow ;  wings  fulvo-  or  rufo-hyaline,  the 
nervures  testaceous,  the  tegula  black. 

6  similar,  with  a  comparatively  longer  petiole 

Hnh^  Sikhim;  Burma;  Ceylon;  Java.  $  s.  Length  30-36; 
exp.  46-50  mm.  ^  ' 

452.  Sceliphron  formosum. 

Pelopceus  formosus,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  230  9 
PelopcEUS  deformis.  Smith,  Cat  iv  p  231  'p  " 

Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  101.    ^       '  ^  ' 
2  .  Head  punctured  on  the  front  and  vertex,  densely  pruinose 


240  sphegid;e, 

on  the  clypeus  and  sides  of  the  face ;  pronotum  smooth  in  front, 
its  posterior  margin  notched;  mesouotura  and  median  segment 
finely  transversely  striate,  both  with  a  medial  longitudnm lly 
impressed  line  ;  scutellum  and  postscutellum  smooth,  with  indi- 
cations of  longitudinal  stride;  the  apex  and  sides  of  the  median 
segment  with  soft  sparse  pubescence;  abdomen  smooth,  ihe 
tvnical  form  of  this  insect  is  black,  marked  with  yel  ow,  and  is 
Australian  •  but  the  form  found  within  our  limits  is  dark  chestriut- 
brovvn  ;  a  s^ot  on  the  clypeus,  the  front  of  the  scape  of  the  antennae, 
the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  a  spot  on  the  front  of  the 
teeuW,  the  tubercles,  a  short  oblique  stripe  beneath  thein,  a  trans- 
verse spot  pointed  at  each  end  on  the  scutellum,  a  spot  on  each 
side  on  the  median  segment  at  the  margin  of  the  steep  subapical 
slope,  and  the  apex,  yellow  ;  the  legs  reddish  chestnut,  shaded  xvith 
fuscous  black  ;  abdomen  with  the  apical  margins  of  segments  4-6 
yellow  •  wings  light  flavo-hyaline,  nervures  and  tegul^e  testaceous 
vellow,'the  apex  of  the  wings  fuscescent. 

Var.  The  median  segment  without  the  subapical  spots,  sometimes 

also  without  the  basal  spots.  ,  -rrr   ^  -n     ■  f 

hT  Australia  ;   China  ;  Sikhim ;  North-West  ^^-vinces  of 
India ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim.    ?  6  .  Length  18-21 ;  e^p.  28-30  mm. 

453.  Sceliphron  violaceum.    (Pl.  I,  fig.  8  ) 
Sphex  violacea,  Fahr.  Ent.  Syst.  n,  p.  201. 
pV«lsviolacea,J'«6r.%si  JV..p.2n. 
Ohalybion  violaceum,  Dnhlh.  Hym.  Eur.  i,  p.  ^1. 
Chalybion  bengalensis,  DcMb  Hym.  Ew-  i,  p.  433. 
Pelopoeus  violacens,  Lepel.  Hym.  ni,  p  32i. 

Soc.  vii,  p.  163,  pl.xxi,fig8.  2,2  a. 
o  Head  punctured  ;  the  clypeus,  front  of  the  face,  and  cheeks 
>,.lSnrl  Hie  eves  denselv  pubescent,  a  short  perpendicular  carma  on 
the  h^S  between  the  antenna, ;  thorax  slightly  pubescent,  shining ; 
the  pro  anl  niesonotum  closely  punctured;  the  punctures  on  the 
fatterin  some  specimens,  running  into  transverse  stria.,  the  former 
bitub^rcu  ate ;  the  median  segment  long,  convex,  transversely  stnate 
bitubercuiaLe,  puuctured  in  other  specimens,  the  sides 

in  some,  and  only  cio^^^^^^^^  ^^^^^^  longitudinal  furrow; 

above  bri  liantly  polished,  smooth  and  shining. 

Cn  glisten  nfSltS^^^^^^^  pubescence  silvery  white,  the 
Deep  g^i«temng  g    ellum  of  the  antennae  and  the  tarsi 

b  a  1°    wings  hyaline,  and  from  merely  fuscescent  along 
ri'cal  margin  t'o  da'rk  fusco-violaceous  on  the  apical  half  or 

but  slighter,  with  a  longer  petiole. 
^  similar,  DUbs  ^  T7n stern  Europe  ;  Northern  Africa;  India; 


SPHEX. 


241 


Genus  SPHEX. 
Spbex,  pt.,  Linn.  Si/st.  Nat.  ed.  xii,  p.  941  (1767). 

'^lT(1804)'  '  "^^^^"''""^  PP-  200,  207, 

Prouoeus,  Latr.  Gen.  Crust.  Ins.  iv,  p.  66  (1809). 
Enodia,  Priouoiiyx,  Dahlb.  Hym.  Eur.  i,  p.  28  (1845). 
Harpactopus,  Parasphex,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  pp.  264,  267  (1856) 
Gastrosphajria,  Costa,  Faun.  Regn.  Nap.  p.  10  (1858) 

^420^^869)^"*'''''^"*"'^'  ^^^y 
Isodontia,  Fatton,  Proc.  Boston  Sac.  Nat.  Hist,  xx,  p.  380  (1881) 
bphex,  XoM,  Ann.  Naturhist.  Hofmus.  Wien,  v,  1890,  p.  ]06. 


Fig.  61. — Sphex  umbrosus,  5  .  \. 

Type,  S.Jlavipennis,  Fabr. 
Sancfe.  Over  both  hemispheres 

thP^2tl'l''''''*'i  ""^^  the  3rd  cubital  cell 

the  2nd  recurrent  nervure.     Legs  stout,  furnished  with  spines 
the  anterior  tarsi  strongly  ciliated  on  the  Outside.  ^  ' 

Ihe  Oriental  species  of  this  genus  make  burrows  in  the  erounrJ 
storing  their  nests  with  various  species  of  orthopterous  i^sSr  ' 

£^ey  to  the  Species. 

A.  Tarsal  claws  unidentate. 

a.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  some  shade  of 

metalhc  blue  or  green  c  ,  , 

b.  Head  and  thorax  red.  ^^^'^^■^h  P-  242. 

1/  T^"'^  tj''^ .pro- and  mesothorax  red   S  reoalis  d  94^ 

b.  The  who  e  thorax  including  the  median  ^^S- 

segment  red   °  c     7  j-, 

B.  Tarsal  claws  bidentate  'P^^^'^^^'  P-  243. 

^notched!  '"''^  P°«t«°"tellum  longitudinally 

a'.  Wings  flavo-hyaline.  ..  .  o  7  ^  • 

v.  Wings  clear  hyaline.  *'  "'i^^Penms,  p.  247. 


f  .  Legs  and  abdomen  black  c.  , 

,  b\  Legs  and  abdomen  red  P-  250. 

C.  Wings  hyaline  and  iridesceni,"  with 'a  P- 245. 

browmsh  tint. 


a'.  Pubescence  on  thorax  ferru<rinous  o-        ;  . 

TOL.  I.  ciiUj,iuoua   o.  auru/e7itus,  p.  250, 

B 


242  sraEGiD^. 

b\  Pubescence  on  tViorax  white.  ^  aurulentus  (var. 

a'.  Abdomen  red,  marked  with  black  .  .  ^    Uneolns),  p.  251. 

6^  Abdomen  wholly  black  . .    «.  nigellus,  p.  249. 

a'.  Wings  dark  fuscous  with  a  purple  efful-       ^  ^47. 

gence  

h.  Postscutellum  not  notched. 
a'.  Wings  flavo-hyaline.  _ 

^ fncate''^'"'''*  posteriorly  concavo-    ^  ^^^^^.^^^  ^  ^^^^ 
h\  Median  segm'ent  posteriory  rounded    .    &  "^''-J;;- P 

Wings  clear  lyaline   ,  |  S:;:/(-vaf 

c'.  Wings  dark  fuscous    metisis),  p.  248. 

c.  Scutellum    not    notched  ;    postscutellum  Jj^' 

notched  ■  -J,"  I 

d.  Both  scutellum  and  postscutellum  without 

notch. 

a'.  Wings  flavo-hvallne. 

Pubescence- on  front  of  head  and  on  ^47. 
thorax  golden  ;  %• '  T  '  '  V  "  rn  246 

^ttrlxrilvery  .     ...        •  ^-  ■ra^^Z-i'^^'-t  ' 

v.  Wings  hyaline,  with  a  dark  apical  fuscous 

spot  on  fore  wmg   •  •  •  •          •  •  ^• 

c'  Wino-s  hyaline,  shaded  with  brownish 

fuscous  and  with  iridescent  purple  efful-  ^  ^^^^  ^ 

d'.^^^doxy^uscou.-::::::::::::::::::  5:«.o.oUp.246 

C.  Tarsal  claws  tridentate  

(G-EOtrp  I.  CZaws  Mmiew<a<c.) 
454.  Sphex  lobatus,  I^air.  Sj/si.         P-  348;  Kohl,  Ann.  NaturMst. 
Hofmus.  Mew,  V,  1890,  p.  17/.  ^  g. 

Sphex  smaragdinus,  Drury,  III  Exot  lns.  m,  p.  5^  P'-  4-^- 
Sphex  coerulea,  CArui,  (riec  Drnry),  Naturg.  Ins.  p.  308. 

An 


Fig.  63. 
Sphex  lobatus,  d,  head. 


j-ig,  Q2.—Sphe.v  lohaUis,  $  • 


SPHEX. 


243 


2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  brilliantly  polished,  smooth 
and  shining ;  the  head  and  thorax  with  a  very  few,  scattered, 
shallow  punctures;  clypeus  transverse,  vei-y  much  broader  than 
high,  convex  in  the  middle,  its  anterior  margin  waved  and 
emarginate ;  the  median  segment  long,  cyhndrical,  not  much 
sloped  posteriorly  but  roundly  truncate,  everywhere  strongly 
and  evenly  transversely  striate;  legs  long,  slender,  the  tibiiB 
and  tarsi  spinose,  the  spines  long ;  abdomen  petiolate,  the  petiole 
short,  about  the  length  of  the  basal  segment.  Of  a  brilliant 
blue-green,  the  antennae,  the  tibiffi  below,  and  the  tarsi  opaque 
black  ;  the  clypeus  and  sides  of  the  face  with  silvery  pile. 

c?  similar,  smaller,  more  slender ;  the  clypeus  triangular,  not 
transverse,  convex  in  the  middle,  its  anterior  margin  with  a 
rounded  arch.  Wings  in  both  sexes  hyaline,  slightly  flavesceut,  in 
certain  hghts  iridescent,  the  apical  margin  lightly  fuscous  ;  nervures 
brown,  tegulte  brilliant  purplish  blue. 

Bah.  Throughout  India,  Burma,  Tenasserim,  Ceylon,  extending 
to  China  and  the  Malayan  region  to  the  East,  and  to  Africa  to  the 
West.  $  .  Lenc/th  24-32  ;  exp.  52-58  mm.  d  .  Lcnqth  15-26  • 
exj).  28-38  mm.  ^  , 

455.  Sphex  regalis. 

Chlorion  regalis,  Smith,  A.  M.  N.  H.  (4)  xii,  1873,  p.  291. 
Sphex  regahs,  Kohl,  Ann.  Naturhist.  Hofmus.  Wien,  v,  1890,  p.  179 
$  S  ■ 

?  .  Head  broad,  broader  than  the  thorax,  somewhat  square 
above,  opaque ;  the  face  on  each  side  of  the  base  of  the  antennas 
sulcate,  and  a  vertically  impressed  line  before  and  behind  the 
anterior  ocellus  ;  pronotum  bituberculate ;  median  segment  long, 
posteriorly  roundly  truncate,  transversely  striate ;  abdomen  polished 
and  shining.  Head,  thorax  in  front,  femora,  tibiae  and  tarsi 
of  the  legs  dull  brick-red,  the  tarsi  somewhat  fuscous;  median 
segment,  coxa?,  trochanters,  and  the  abdomen  brilliant  effulgent 
purple ;  wings  dark  brown,  with  a  purple  effulgence,  fore  wing 
broadly  fuscous  at  apex,  the  apex  and  posterior  margin  of  the 
hind  wing  clear  hyaline. 

Hah,  Karachi,  Sind,  extending  into^  Afghanistan  and  the  Trans- 
caspian  regions,  and  in  Africa  to  the  Soudan.  $  .  Lenqth  26- 
34  ;  exp.  48-50  mm.     c? .  Length  24-28 ;  exp.  42-46  mm. 

456.  Sphex  splendidus.    (PI.  I,  fig.  9.) 

CLlorion  splendidum,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  218;  Smith,  Cat.  iy> 
p.  Zoo. 

Pronoeus  campbelli,  Saund.  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  iii,  1841,  p.  58,  pi  5 
fig.  1.  '         '  r      !  f  ■  ) 

Sphex  pulchra,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  355,  ^ . 
Chlorion  melanosonia,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  238,  J 
Sphex  splendidus,  Kohl,  Ann.  Naturhist.  Hofmus.  Wien,  y,  1890, 
p.  181. 

? .  He.ad,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining  ;  the 

e2 


244 


SPHEGID^. 


abdomen  with  a  brilliant  polish,  the  head  and  thorax  with  a  very 
few  nearly  obsolete  shallow  puDctures  ;  head  large,  much  broader 
than  the  thorax ;  the  clypeus  vertically  very  narrow,  transverse, 
slightly  convex  in  the  middle ;  the  base  of  the  antennae  planted 
in  a  deep  hollow  above  the  clypeus,  above  which  the  front  is 
somewhat  closely  punctured  and  studded  with  some  scattered 
long  hairs;  pronotum  deeply  notched  in  the  middle;  median 
segment  long,  with  very  little  slope  posteriorly,  the  apex  roundly 
truncate,  everywhere  closely  transversely  striate;  legs  long,  the 
tibias  and  tarsi  spinose,  the  spines  sliort  and  stout;  abdomen 
petiolate,  the  petiole  short.  Head,  thorax,  and  legs  dull  brick-reo, 
the  median  segment  above  with  a  brilliant  golden  coppery  lustre, 
the  space  round  the  ocelli  black  ;  the  abdomen  brilliant  purplish 
blue,  the  petiole  slightly  reddish  ;  wings  reddish  yellow,  the  apex  ot 
the  fore  and  apex  and  posterior  margin  of  the  hind  wing  broadly 
fuscous  with  a  purple  effulgence. 

(?  similar,  but  smaller  and  slighter,  the  clypeus  triangular. 
Var.  melnnosoma.  Smith,  is  similar  in  sculpture,  but  has  only 
the  clypeus,  the  mandibles,  the  scape,  and  four  or  five  ot  the 
basal  'ioints  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae  red,  or  tjie  insect 
may  be  wholly  black ;  the  wings  are  also  a  lighter  and  brighter 

^"^Hai  Northern  and  Western  India,  extending  into  Afghanistan, 
Burma,  and  Tenasserim  in  the  East.  2  .  Length  24-30  ;  ecc^.  45- 
48  mm.     6  •  Length  1 8-24 ;  exp.  40-46  mm. 

(Gbottp  II.  Claws  hidentate.) 

457.  Sphex  fulvo-Mrtus,  Bingh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  v,  1890, 
p.  242,  ?  ;  id.  viii,  1893,  p.  379,  pi.  i,  fig.  8,  5  . 

9  c?  Head  pruinose  and  pubescent  anteriorly;  vertex  and 
thorax  'in  front  very  closely  and  finely  punctared ;  median  seg- 
ment long,  roundly  truncate  posteriorly,  and  densely  pubescent ; 
abdomen  smooth,  opaque;  scutellum  prominent,  with  a  shght 
shallow  longitudinal  furrow  ;  postscuteUum  bituberculate.  Black, 
with  black  pubescence;  the  clypeus,  face  at  the  sides,  and  pro- 
notum anteriorly,  with  silvery  pile  ;  median  segment  above  with 
long  tHck,  yeUow  pubescence :  wings  flavo-hyahne  paler  along 
the  apical  margins  ;  nervui-es  testaceous,  tegulse  black. 

Eab.  Ceylon;  Loo  Choo  Islands.  ?  .  Length  27;  exp.  54  mm. 
cJ  .  Length  25 ;  exjy.  48  mm. 

458.  Sphex  nivosus.       „       ^  ,  .      ork  o 

Harpactopus  nivosus,  Smith.  Cat.  iv,p.  Joo,  .. 

Sphex  nivosa.  Cam.  Mem.  Mamh.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  u,  1889,  p.  106. 

0  .  Head,  thorax,  legs,  petiole,  and  basal  segment  of  abdomen 
dens;iy  pilose,  second  and  following  segmen  s  of  the  abdomen 
smooth  and  shining  ;  clypeus  broad,  very  slightly  convex,  anterior 


SPHBX, 


245 


margin  transverse  in  the  middle,  oblique,  slightly  arched  at  the 
sides ;  front  with  a  vertically  impressed  line ;  median  segment 
long,  roundly  truncate  posteriorly,  and  rather  coarsely  trans- 
versely striate  under  the  thick  pile.  Light  ferruginous  or 
brownish  red;  the  apex  of  the  mandibles  remarkably  long,  acute, 
and  black;  flageilum  of  antennae  black;  abdomen  with  the  apical 
margins  of  the  2nd  and  following  segments  sordid  testaceous 
white;  the  head,  the  thorax,  legs,  especially  the  cox®  and  tro- 
chanters, the  petiole,  and  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  with 
dense  glittering,  rather  long  silvery  pubescence  ;  wings  clear 
hyaline. 

Hah.  Northern  India.     $  .  Lencjth  29  ;  exp.  43  mm. 

Kohl  {I.  c.)  unites  this  species  with  Sphex  nigropectinatus, 
iasehenbg.,  but  the  type  and  only  specimen  in  the  British  Museum 
collection  does  not  agree  with  Taschenberg's  description  of  his 
species. 


459.  Sphex  segyptius,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  356 ;  Kohl,  Ann.  Naturhist. 
Ho/mm.  Wien,  v,  1890,  p.  351,  $  ^J. 
Sphex  sorer,  Hahlb.  Hym.  Eur.  i,  p.  436. 
Harpactopus  crudelis.  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  264,  pi.  vi,  fig.  4. 
Sphex  grandis,  Radoszk.  Hor.  Soc.  Unt.  Itoss.  xii  (1876),  p.  132. 

?.  Head  densely  pilose,  with  scattered  pubescence;  meso- 
notum  punctured ;  median  segment  long,  cylindrical,  transversely 
striate,  with  thick  long  pubescence,  its  apex  posteriorly  concavely 
truncate;  legs  stout,  long,  thickly  spinose ;  abdomen  smooth  and 
shming;  clypeus  boldly  convex,  its  anterior  margin  transverse 
depressed,  and  notched  in  the  middle.  Black,  with  black  pu- 
bescence, the  front  of  the  head  and  face  with  dense  silvery 
pile;  wings  flavo-hyaline,  broadly  pale,  clear  hyaline  alono- 
the  apical  margin  of  fore  and  apical  and  posterior  margin  of  hind 
wing. 

c?  similar  but  smaller,  with  the  clypeus  bilobed. 

Hah  Syria;  Arabia;  Egypt;  Abyssinia;  Mauritius;  Southern 
Incha  Madras.  $  .  Length  26-34  ;  exp.  48-52  mm.  d  .  Length 
22-28  ;  exp.  42-44  mm. 


460.  Sphex  vjcinus,  Lepel.  Hym.  iii,  p.  343,2  ;  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  253; 
Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  108;  Kohl,  Ann. 
Naturhist.  Hofimis.  Wien,  v,  1890,  p.  454. 
Sphex^rothneyi,  Catn.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  pp.  108 

$.  Head,  thorax,  and  the  petiole  of  the  abdomen  denselv 
pruinose,  rest  of  the  abdomen  smooth  and  shining  ;  clypeus  broad" 
convex,  with  an  indistinct  medial  vertical  carina,  the  anterior 
margin  rounded ;  pronotum  not  furrowed ;  scutellum  and  post- 
scutellum  with  slight  indications  of  a  medial  depression  ;  median 
segment  with  coarse  broad  transverse  strije ;  legs  long  and  spinose  • 
petiole  of  abdomen  short.    Head,  thorax,  coxa,  and  trochanters 


246 


SPIIBGID^. 


of  the  legs  black  ;  the  femora,  tibiae,  base  of  the  tarsi  of  the  legs, 
and  the  abdomeu  red  ;  the  clypeus,  the  face  in  front,  and  the 
sides  of  the  mesonotum  covered  with  a  dense  silvery  pile ;  the 
median  segment  at  apex  and  on  the  sides  with  longish,  soft,  white 
pubescence  :  wings  hyaline,  slightly  iridescent,  their  apex  lightly 
fuscescent ;  nervures  and  tegulaj  testaceous  red.  A^arieties  have 
■the  abdomen  above  and  below  variegated  with  black. 
Hah.  MusBooree.     $  .  LencjtJi  18-22  ;  exp.  35-40  mm. 


461.  Sphex  xanthopterus,  Cam.  Mem.  Mandi.  L.  Ph.  -Soc  (4)  ii,1889, 
pp.  109  &  113;  Kohl,  Ann.  Naiurhist.  Bofmus.  Wien,  v,  iHW, 
p.  389,  $  6 . 

9.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  pruinose ;  clypeus 
convex,  higher  than  broad,  its  anterior  margm  rounded  ;  the  front 
sulcate  above  the  antenna, ;  eyes  divergent  above ;  pronotum 
scutellum,  and  postscutellum  entire,  without  any  longitudinal 
sulca;  median  segment  longish,  opaque  ^ith  a  gentle  slope 
posteriorly  to  the  apex,  which  is  rounded  ;  legs  long,  ^^oo  h  the 
tibia,  and  tarsi  with  fine  spines  ;  petiole  short ;  -Momen  fusiioim 
above,  finely  aciculate.  Black,  w,th  a  dense  but  shoit  silky 
silver;  pde ,  the  clypeus,  the  front,  and  the  sides  and  apex  of  the 
median  segment  with  a  rather  sparse  long  ^^l^  Pubescence ;  the 
pUe  in  certain  hghts  has  a  golden  yellow  l^^^^re;  wings  light 
flavo-hyaline,  apex  broadly  fuscescent;  nervures  yellow,  tegul^ 

^^^Eab.  Northern  India,  Barrackpore,  Bengal ;  Tranquebar;  Africa  ; 
Zanzibar.     ?  6  •  Length  15-18  ;  exp.  32-36  mm. 

462.  Sphex  morosus,  Smith,  Mir.  Linn.  Soc.  1861,  p.  122,  cJ;  ^ohl, 
Ann.  Naturhist.  Hofmus.  Wien,  v,  1890,  p.  44B. 
cJ  Head  and  thorax  in  front  finely  and  closely  punctured  and 
nube^cfnt ;  the  clypeus  and  front  of  the  face  pilose  ;  the  median 
Sent  finely  rugulose ;  petiole  of  abdomen  long,  shghtly  curved 
npSs  r  abdomen  short,  broad,  subfusiform  ;  clypeus  convex  its 
Sterior  margin  very  slightly  arched,  nearly  t-nsv^^^^^^^^ 
entire  not  indented;  mesonotum  with  a  central  lo^git^^i^^'^ 
SprSsed  hue  anteriorly  ;  median  segment  with  a  gent  e  r  .m^^^^ 
alone  posteriorly,  except  at  the  apex,  where  it  is  suddenly  steep 
8iope  po.be  o  J,        i  sT.ir.nse:  abdomen  very  indis- 


tZ^T^^X  Sir^.-T  abdomen  very  ind^ 
Sy  a'clculate  above.    Black  with  black  pubescence  the  clj  u 
and  the  face  in  fi-ont  with  dense  silvery  pile;  wings  tuscous 
Srown  with  a  coppery  effulgence,  the  hind  wing  --h  ^^^^^^^^^ 
paler.    A  variety  has  the  posterior  femora  below  and  the  inside  ot 


Celebes.      J.  Lenytli  ,  exp.  o-±-oi  m 

kno^vn. 


SPHEX. 


247 


463.  Sphex  maurus,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  255,  $  J;  KoM,Ann.  Naturhist 

Mof  rnus.  Wien,  v,  1890,  p.  411,  $  d  • 
Sphex  tyrannica,  Binyh.  (nec  Smith)  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  v 
1890,  p.  241. 

5  d .  Head  and  thorax  in  front  pruinose,  and  sparsely  pubes- 
cent ;  median  segment  lightly  transversely  rugulose ;  abdomen 
smooth  and  shining,  very  fiuely  longitudinally  aciculate ;  clypeus 
vertically  oval,  convex,  sparsely  punctured  ;  a  vertically  impressed 
line  on  the  front  from  between  the  base  of  the  antennas  to  the 
auterior  ocellus  ;  back  of  the  head  emarginate ;  pronotum  flat 
above,  slightly  indented  in  the  middle ;  scutellum,  postscutellum, 
and  median  segment  furrowed  down  the  middle;  the  median 
segment  steeply  rounded  at  apex,  almost  truncate,  the  median 
furrow  not  reaching  the  edge  of  the  truncation,  but  broadening 
out  in  spoon-shaped  form  just  before  the  mai'gin ;  legs  stoat, 
the  tibisB  and  tarsi  spinose ;  petiole  of  abdomen  short ;  abdomen 
broadly  subfusiform.  Black,  with  black  pubescence :  the  wings  dark 
fuscous,  with  a  rich  purple  effulgence  ;  nervures  and  tegul£B  black. 

JIab.  Burma,  Tenasserim,  and  the  Malayan  region  as  far  as 
Celebes.  $  .  Length  28-34 ;  e^y  50-58  mm,  d .  Letujili  25-28 ; 
exp,  48-52  mm. 

464.  Sphex  aurifrons,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1859,  p.  157 ;  Kohl, 

Ann.  Naturhist.  Rofmus.  Wien,  v,  1890,  p.  439. 

5  6  ■  Closely  resembles  S.  nigripes,  Smith,  but  is  a  slighter, 
more  graceful  insect ;  the  clypeus  is  not  so  convex,  and  has  its 
anterior  margin  waved,  not  arched,  with  two  short  blunt  teeth  in 
the  midlde;  the  head  and  thorax  in  front  finely  and  closely 
punctured ;  the  pronotum  with  its  posterior  margin  entire,  not 
longitudinally  sulcate  ;  the  median  segment  not  abruptly  truncate 
or  steeply  sloped  at  apex,  finely  rugulose  and  covered  with  a  soft 
thin  pubescence;  legs  long,  rather  sparsely  spinose;  petiole  of 
abdomen  rather  longer  than  in  S.  nigripes ;  abdomen  finely  aci- 
culate. Black,  the  clypeus  and  sides  of  the  face  with  a  short  dense 
rich  golden  pile  and  scattered  loug  fulvous  hairs ;  the  pubescence 
on  the  thorax  fulvous  red  ;  legs  with  the  femora,  tibiae,  and  basal 
four  joints  of  the  tarsi  red;  abdomen  black,  with  the  apical 
margins  of  the  segments  above  and  below  broadly  testaceous 
brown  ;  wings  light  flavo-hyaline,  the  apical  margins  paler ; 
nervures  and  tegulaj  testaceous.  Varies  in  having  the  abdomen 
also  covered  with  a  thin  short  fulvous  pile. 

Hab.  Sikhun ;  Aru  Islands.    $  .  Length  21-24 ;  exp.  34-40  mm. 
cJ  slightly  smaller. 

465.  Sphex  luteipennis.  Moos.  Maf/ijar  Akad.  Ert.  Term.  Kor.  xiii 

(1883),  8z.  11,  p.  33, 5 ;  Kohl,  Ann.  Naturhist.  Hofmus.  Wien,  v, 
1890,  p.  423.  ' 
Sphex  rufipennis,  Kohl  (nec  Fabr.),  Term.  Fiizetek.  ix  (1886), 
p.198,  ' 
? .  Head  and  thorax  in  front  finely  and  rather  sparsely 


248 


SPHEGIDtE, 


punctured;  median  segment  transversely  finely  rugulose  ;  abdomen 
smooth,  somewhat  aciculate  above ;  clypeus  cone-shaped,  its 
anterior  margin  arched,  narrowly  smooth  and  porrect,  studded 
above  with  coarse  punctures  and  rather  stifl:  hairs;  a  deeply  im- 
pressed line  on  the  front  above  the  base  of  the  antennae  to  the 
ocelli,  dividing  at  the  anterior  ocellus  into  two  and  reaching  the 
vertex ;  pronofcum  entire,  not  longitudinally  sulcate ;  median 
segment  roundly  truncate  posteriorly ;  legs  stout,  the  tibise  and 
tarsi  spinose ;  petiole  short ;  abdomen  widely  fusiform,  slightly 
vertically  compressed.  Intensely  black,  with  black  pubescence  on 
the  front  and  median  segment;  the  sides  of  the  face  and  the 
clypeus  in  certain  lights  with  silvery  pile ;  wings  light  oily  yellow, 
broadly  fuscous  along  the  apical  margin ;  nervures  testaceous, 
tegidsB  black. 

d  similar,  but  the  clypeus  is  longer,  more  convex,  with  its 
anterior  margin  not  so  arched  and  not  porrect ;  the  antennas  and 
petiole  of  abdomen  are  longer,  and  the  wings  of  a  more  fuscous 
yellow. 

Hob.  Sikhim  ;  Bengal ;  Assam  ;  Burma ;  and,  according  to  Kohl, 
Egypt,  Zanzibar,  Ceylon,  and  Amboina.  $  .  Len-ijih  25-32;  exp. 
50-54  mm.     cJ  •  Length  22-28  ;  exp.  44-50  mm. 

466.  Sphex  nigripes,  Smith,  Cat  iv,  p.  254,  $  ;  KoM,  Ann.  Natur- 
hist.  Hofnnis.  Wien,  v,  1890,  p.  421. 
Sphex  siamensis,  Taschb.  Zeitschr.  ges.  Natwwiss.  Halle,  xxxiv, 
p.  413,  $ . 

Sphex  erythropoda,  Cmn.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  u,  1889, 
pp.  108  &  110. 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  pruinose ;  abdomen  smooth,  finely  aciculate; 
clypeus  cone-shaped,  convex,  the  centre  distinctly  raised,  its 
anterior  margin  arched,  narrowly  smooth  and  porrect ;  prouotum 
entire,  not  divided  by  a  longitudinal  sulcation  ;  scutellum  and 
postscutelKun  prominent,  with  just  an  indication  of  a  central 
longitudinal  division ;  median  segment  finely  transversely  rugulose, 
with  a  steep  slope  at  apex  and  a  well-marked  central  longitudinal 
groove,  covered  with  a  fine  velvety  pubescence  ;  legs  stout,  rather 
long,  the  tibise  and  tarsi  spinose;  petiole  of  abdomen  short; 
abdomen  broadly  subf usiform.  Opaque  black  ;  the  sides  of  the 
face  and  the  clypeus  with  a  dense  silvery  pile  having  a  golden 
tinge  in  certain  lights ;  the  pubescence  on  the  head  and  median 
segment  black ;  legs  black,  the  posterior  femora  and  tibise  red ; 
wings  flavo-hyaline,  with  the  apical  margin  broadly  fuscous. 

d  similar,  but  smaller,  with  the  wings  darker ;  the  clypeus 
longer,  and  having  its  anterior  margin  very  slightly  arched,  almost 

truncate.  i-  • 

This  species  is  very  variable  so  far  as  the  colour  ot  the  wuigs 
and  legs  is  concerned.  The  wings  in  certain  specimens  are  dark 
fuscous  with  a  briUiant  purple  efEulgeuce,  and  have  very  little  ot 
the  yellow  tinge  on  the  disc.  The  femora  and  tibiae  of  all  the  legs, 
or  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  pair,  or  of  the  posterior  pair 
only,  may  be  wholly  or  partially  red. 


SPHEX. 


249 


^Taft.  Tn  the  Palfearctic  region  this  species  is  found  in  Chifu 
China ;  in  the  Ethiopian  region  in  Ashanti ;  and  in  the  Oriental 
m  India,  Burma,  Ceylon,  Sumatra,  Java.  $  .  Length  24-30  • 
exp.  46-50  mm.     d .  Length  22-25 ;  exp.  40-44  mm  ' 


467.  Sphex  maia,  Bingh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Sac.  viii,  p.  379,  J  d. 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  pruinose,  abdomen  smooth  ;  clypeus  lono- 
slightly  convex,  distinctly  carinate  down  the  middle,  its  anterior 
margin  waved,  transverse ;  eyes  parallel,  inner  orbits  outwardly 
arched;  occiput  transverse,  mesonotum  indented  in  the  middle 
anteriorly,  postscutelluin  not  indented;  median  segment  rugulose- 
legs  stout,  pruinose,  the  tibiae  smooth,  the  tarsi  with  fine  short 
spinose  hairs  ;  petiole  long,  curved,  rest  of  the  abdomen  short, 
broad,  somewhat  vertically  compressed.  Black  ;  the  clypeus  and 
sides  of  the  face  with  deose  silvery  pile;  the  thorax  with  soft 
scattered  greyish  pubescence,  the  inside  of  the  posterior  tibise  with 
tine  silky  ferruginous  pile  ;  the  2nd  segmeut  of  the  abdomen  red  • 
the  succeeding  segments  narrowly  margined  with  testaceous;' 
wings  hyahne,  shghtly  iridescent,  the  extreme  apex  of  the  fore 
wing  fuscous,  nervures  testaceous,  tegulse  black. 

i  P^*^°^®  ^°°ger  and  the  wings  broader 

Mab.  bikbim  ;  Bengal ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim.    2  .  Lenc/th  16-18  • 

e,.:p.  26-28  mm.     d  .  Length  16-17 ;  exp.  29-30  mm 

Ihis  species  is  closely  allied  to  S.  splendidulus,  A.  Costa,  but 

ditters  in  the  form  of  the  clypeus  and  sculpture  of  the  thorax 


468.  Sphex  nigeUiiS,  S.«iW»,  Ca^.  iv,  p.  255,  ?  d;  Kohl,  Ann.  Natur- 
hist.  Hofmus.  Wien,  v,  1890,  p.  379,  J  d  ■ 

2  d .  Head  and  thorax  in  front  smooth,  vdth  scattered 
punctures ;  the  clypeus  and  front  of  the  face  with  dense  close 

pile  and  scattered  pubescence:  median 
segment  finely  granular,  rounded  pos- 
teriorly, and  sparsely  pubescent:  legs 
long,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  spinose ;  petiole 
of  abdomen  long,  about  as  loug  as  the 
posterior  tibiae,  rest  of  the  abdomen 
short,  subglobular,  vertically  compressed. 
Black  ;  the  petiole  and  abdomen  polished 
and  shining;  the  clypeus  and  sides  of 
the  face  with  silvery  pile,  the  pubescence 
on  the  thorax  greyish;  wings  subhva- 
hne,  the  apical  margin  fuscescent.— The  clypeus  in  the  female  has 
its  anterior  margin  waved,  almost  transverse,  with  two  short  teeth 
in  the  middle.  In  the  male  the  clypeus  is  emarginate  anteriorlv 
and  destitute  of  teeth. 

Hab.  Sind  ;  Ahmedabad  ;  Bengal ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ;  China  • 
Siberia ;  Swan  River,  Australia.  2  •  Length  17-19;  exp.  34-36  mm' 
d  .  Length  15-18  ;  exp.  30-33  mm. 


Fig.  64. 

Sphex  niyellus,  2 . 


250  sphbgidjE. 


469.  Sphex  umbrosus.  „„o  x  i      •    «    o  o 

Sphex  uuibrosa,  Christ,  Naturg.  Ins.  p.  293,  tab.  xxix,  fag.  2, 

Sphex  rutipeunis,  Fabr.  Ejit.  Syst.  u,  p.  200. 

Sphex  argentata,  Fabr.  Eat.  Syst.  ii,  p.  200. 

Sphex  albifrona,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  n,  p.  207. 

Sphex  argentifrons,  Lepel.  Hym.  in,  p.  337,  cJ- 

Sphex  carbanaria,  Smith,  Cat.  iy,  p  247,  $ . 

Sphex  ephippium  et  opulenta,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  PP-  249  &  ^&U,  ^  d  • 
Sphex  diabolica.  Smith,  Jour.  Lhvi.  Sue.  1858,  p.  100,  ¥•  . 
Sphex  plumifera  et  nigerrima,  Coste,  Ann.  Mus.  Zool.  Untv.  Nap. 

Sphex^'metaiu'ca,  Taschenb.  Zeits.  Naturwiss.  Halle,  1869,  p.  414, 

Sphefiuberculata,  SmUh,  A.M.  N  H.^u,  1873  p  291 
S?hex  luteifrons,  Grib.  Ann.  Mus  Civ.  Gen.  (2«)  i  1884  p.  300 
Sphex  taschenbergi,  Magretti,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2  )  i,  1884, 

Sphef  umbrosus,  Kohl,  Ann.  Naturhist.  Hofmus.  Wien,  v,  1890, 
p.  40G,  $  6- 

0  A  Head  and  thorax  in  front  pruinose,  very  finely  and 
closely  puiietui-ed;  median  segment  pubescent,  fine  y  transversely 
striate  ;  petiole  of  abdomen  thinly  pnbescent,  rest  of  the  segments 
Sly  subfusiform,  closely  and  finely  aoculate  at  base,  fine  y 
and  sLsely  punctured  on  the  apical  margins  above,  shghtly 
Tninl;  clypeus  very  shghtly  convex,  its  anterior  --g-  -^^^^^^^^ 
in  the  9  ,  transverse,  almost  emargma  e  in  the  d ,  thickly  pilose 
«nd  nubescent  •  front  (  2  )  furrowed  from  the  anterior  oceUus  to 
betwS Te  a;tLrn.,  flit  in  the  c? ;  scutellum  notched  in  the 
mSdIe  postscutellum  bituberculate ;  median  segment  long,  nar- 
rowed and  rounded  posteriorly,  the  apex  abruptly  steep  ;  legs 
Sng  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  thickly  spinose.  Jet-black ;  the  sides  of 
the  foce  and  the  clypeus  with  a  dense  close  silvery  pubescence  the 
pubS  ence  on  the'fhorax  and  petiole  soft,  thin,  and  hoary  white; 
^nes  clear  hyalme,  lightly  and  broadly  fuscescent  at  apex 

Y?r  4in«,  Fabr.,  is  black  with  black  P'^bescence,  and  flavo- 
hyahne  whfgs  fuscescent  at  apex.  Varieties  (^«&«'-''"^«^'^' ^^"^J^ ' 
ut^rons,  Eados.  &c.)  have  the  front  and  clypeus  covered  with  a 

•^'Sfe^tlTeaf through  the  Eastern  Pal^arctic  region  in  China 
anf  Japan  in  the  Oriental,  throughout  India,  Burma,  Tenas- 
sertm  Ceyl'on%nd  the  Makyan  subregions  down  to  Australia; 
and  hi  the  Ethiopian  region,  in  Lake  Nyassa,  Transva^,  Congo 
Guinea,  Senegal,  Gambia,  Sierra  Leone  and  Arabia  S^^-J^'^ 
26-36  ;  exp.  48-52  mm.     d  •  Length  24-2\)  ;  ea,p.  4U-4b  mm. 

Rofmus.  Wien,  v,  1890,  p.  392,  2  d- 
Pepsis  sericea,  Fahr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  211. 
Sphex  fabricii,  Dahlb.  Hym.  Eur.  i,  p.^/,  ¥  • 
Sphex  ferruginea,  Lepel.  Hym.  ni,^.  6io,  ¥ . 
Sphex  lineola,  Lepel.  Hym.  lu,  p.  A'db,  d  • 


SPHEX. 


251 


Sphex  ferox,  S7m'th,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  lHi'2,  p.  65,  J. 
Sphex  lepeletieiii,  Saim.  Nomm-Reise,  Ilym.  p.  40,  5 . 
8phex  g-odefiVoyi,  Sauss.  Stettin,  ent.  Zeit.  xxx  (18151)),  p.  57,  J. 
Sphex  aurifex,  Smith,  Cruise  Curaqoa,  Brenohley,  p.  460,  $,  pi.  44, 
fig.  3. 

5  c? .  Head  densely  pruinose  and  pubescent,  the  pubescence 
long,  soft,  and  rather  sparse ;  pro-  and  mesonotum  densely  pruinose, 
scutellum  and  postscutellum  bare ;  mediao  segment  thinly  pruinose 
and  pubescent ;  legs  and  abdomen  bare,  smooth,  and  shining ; 
clypeus  slightly  convex,  its  anterior  margin  rounded,  thickly  pubes- 
cent on  the  sides,  with  a  subtriangular  bare  space  in  the  middle 
anteriorly  ;  scutellum  and  postscutellum  notched  in  the  middle ; 
median  segment  long,  with  transverse  ridges,  posteriorly  rounded 
and  abruptly  sloped  at  apex ;  legs  long,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi 
spinose  ;  petiole  of  the  abdomen  rather  short,  remaining  segments 
broadly  subfusiform,  the  apical  two  lightly  punctured  abo\e,  the 
whole  of  the  abdomen  smooth  and  shining.  Head  and  thorax 
variegated  with  red  and  black  ;  the  legs,  the  petiole,  and  basal  one 
or  two  joints  of  the  abdomen  red ;  the  head  and  thorax  covered 
with  dense  ferruginoiis-red  pile  and  sparse  pubescence  of  the  same 
colour ;  the  apical  segments  of  the  abdomen  black ;  wings  hyaline, 
broadly  fuscescent  at  apex,  nervures  testaceous,  tegulse  red.  A 
very  variable  insect. 

Var.  ferruc/ineus,  Lepel.,  has  the  whole  head,  thorax,  femora, 
tibiae,  and  basal  joints  of  tarsi  red;  the  abdomen  black  and 
shining ;  and  the  dense  silky  pile  and  soft  sparse  pubescence  on  the 
head  and  thorax  of  a  rich  golden  ferruginous  colour. 

Var.  lineolus,  Lepel.,  has  the  head,  thorax,  legs,  and  petiole  of 
the  abdomen,  except  at  apex,  black,  and  the  remaining  segments 
of  the  abdomen  dark  red  with  black  markings  above ;  the  pubes- 
cence on  the  head  and  thorax  is  silvery  white. 

These  are  the  two  commonest  varieties  of  the  insect  found  in 
India. 

Hab.  India ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim  ;  Ceylon ;  China ;  and  the 
Malayan  subregions  as  far  as  North  Australia.  $  .  Length  20- 
28  ;  exp.  39-48  mm.    d  .  Length  18-26  ;  exp.  40-46  mm. 

471.  Sphex  edax,  n.  sp. 

$  .  Head  smooth  and  shining,  finely  and  sparingly  punctured, 
square  above,  and  broader  than  the  thorax,  with  the  cheeks  behind 
the  eyes  well  developed ;  clypeus  subtriangular,  somewhat  porrect. 
Its  anterior  margin  arched;  front  slightly  concave,  vertex  very 
slightly  arched,  almost  flat,  with  a  shallow  abbreviated  sulcation 
behind  the  ocelli ;  the  sides  of  the  face  and  the  clypeus  densely 
pilose ;  pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum  and  postscutellum  finely 
and  sparsely  punctured ;  median  segment  massive,  long,  rounded 
posteriorly,  pubescent,  shining,  and  finely  and  closely  punctured  its 
apex  steeply  sloped ;  legs  very  stout,  the  femora  and  tibia  massive 
and  broad,  the  tibia  and  the  tarsi  studded  with  thick  short  spines  • 
petiole  of  the  abdomen  of  medium  length,  stout,  and  scarcely 


252 


SPHEGIDjE. 


curved;  abdomen  broad  and  massive,  thinly  pruinose.  Head, 
thorax,  legs,  petiole,  and  basal  segment  of 
the  abdomen  black ;  the  clypeus  and  sides 
oi'  the  face  with  dense  silvery  pile ;  the 
back  oi:  the  head,  pronotum  anteriorly,  and 
median  segment  with  a  soft  thin  greyish 
pubescence ;  the  posterior  margin  of  the 
basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  and  the 
following  segments  dull  red  ;  the  mandibles 
massive,  black  and  shining  at  base,  and 
their  apex  dull  red  in  the  middle ;  the 
wings  light  fusco-hyaline  with  a  purple 
effulgence  ;  nervures  and  tegulse  black. 
(S  similar,  but  with  a  smaller  and  less 
Fig.  65.  massive  head  and  paler  wings  ;  the  ante- 

Sphcv  edax,  2-   h       rior  margin  of  the  clypeus  is  less  arched 

and  armed  with  six  teeth. 
Hah.  Sikhim ;  Tenasserim ;  Ceylon.    $  .  Length  30  ;  exp.  50  mm. 
^  .  Length  29  ;  exp.  48  mm. 

This  species  is  allied  to  Sphex  unihrosus,  Christ,  but  can  be 
distinguished  at  once  by  the  sculpture  of  the  median  segment,  and 
in  the  male  by  the  remarkable  toothed  clypeus. 


(G-EOUP  III.  Olatvs  tridentate.) 

472.  Sphex  viduatus,  Christ,  Naturg.  Ins.  p.  305 ;  Kolil,  Ann.  Natur- 
hist.  Hofmus.  v,  1B90,  p.  332,  ?  c?  • 
Sphex  fervens,  Fabr.  (nec  LmnS)  Syst.  Ent.^.  rf4b. 
?  Sphex  pubescens,  Fahr.  Ent.  ISyst.  n,  p.  209. 
Enodia  canescens,  Bahlb.  Mjm.  Eur.  i.  p.  28. 
9    Head  and  thorax  densely  pubescent,  punctured  under  the 
pubescence,  the  mesonotum  more  closely  than  the  head  and 
pronotum,  scuteUum  notched  longitudinally;   median  segment 
^  long,  abruptly  truncate  posteriorly, 

finely  transversely  striate,  above 
with  a  very  broad  shallow  groove 
from  base  to  margin  of  truncation ; 
abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  curved 
downwards.  Head,  thorax,  legs, 
and  petiole  of  abdomen  black;  ab- 
domen red,  the  pubescence  on  the 
head  and  thorax  silvery  ;  the  legs 
obscurely  pruinose;  vnnga  hyaline; 
nervures  and  tegulas  dark,  some- 
what testaceous  brown. 
S  similar,  with  a  longer  petiole. 

Throughout  India  ;   Ceylon  ;  f '  f '  ^fg^ 
Gambia;  Sierra  Leone;  Guinea.     £.  Xen<7t/^  18-24,  e.xp.  38 
44  mm     6.  Length  16-20 ;  exp.  36-42  mm. 


Fig.  66. — Sphex  viduatus,  $ .  }. 


AMPUllSX. 


25:5 


Genus  AMPULEX. 

Chlorinn,  pt,  Fabr.  Si/st.  Piez.  p.  217  (1804). 
Ampulex,  Jurine,  Bijm.  p.  132,  pi.  14  (1807). 
Ehinopsis,  pt.,  Wastiv.  Arcan.  lint,  ii,  p.  68  (1844). 
Waagenia,  pt.,  Kriechb.  Stetlin.  ent.  Zeit.  xxxv,  p.  56  (1874). 

Type,  A.  cnmpressa,  JFabr. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  flat ;  eyes  with  their  inner  orbits  either  parallel  or  con- 
verpnt  towards  the  vertex  of  the  head,  never  divergent;  antenna} 
filiform,  short,  and  somewhat  stout  in  proportion  in  some  species ; 

front  often  with  carinse  extending  upwards  frorn 
the  base  of  the  antennae ;  clypeus  shaped  some- 
what like  a  ploughshare;  the  medial  carina 
generally  large,  ending  in  a  tooth  or  bifurcating 
towards  the  apex;  mandibles  sickle-shaped,  simple 
in  the  female,  dentate  in  the  male.  Prothorax 
elongate,  the  posterior  middle  portion  raised, 
the  raised  portion  narrower  than  the  mesonotum] 
the  posterior  angles  at  a  distance  from  the  base 
of  the  wings;  mesonotum  broad,  marked  with 
^  longitudinally  impressed  furrows;  median  seg- 

Fie  67         ^^"^^        ^ho\e,  slightly  narrowed  towards  the 
Ampulex       ^P®^''         roundly  truncate  posteriorly,  above 
compressa,2    i-  several  longitudinal   carinas,  the  space 

between  which  is  more  or  less  closely  trans- 
versely striate,  the  posterior  lateral  angles  of  the  segment  almost 
always  with  one  or  niore  erect  tubercles;  legs  long,  stout,  the 
tibisB  and  tarsi  slightly  spinose,  the  intermediate  coxa  separated 
by  a  more  or  less  narrow  plate  which  forks  posteriorly,  intermediate 
tibiae  vyith  two  apical  spines,  claws  toothed.    Wings  rather  short  • 
fore  wing  with  one  radial  and  two  or  three  cubital  cells,  the  forms 
with  two  cubital  cells  plaialy  derived  fi-om  the  form  with  three 
cubital  cells  by  the  obhteration  of  the  1st  transverse  cubital 
nervure,  the  begmniug  of  which  can  be  often  traced  in  various 
two-ceUed  species;  when  three  cubital  cells  are  present,  the  1st 
and  drd  are  subequal,  each  receiving  a  recurrent  nervure,  the  2nd 
small,  square,  or  broadly  rectangular.    Abdomen  pseudo-petiolate 
the  basal  segment  never  narrowed  into  an  actual  petiole  as  in 
;Sp/*e^,  generally  roundly  steep  at  base,  the  apex  of  the  1st  segment 
inmost  cases  constricted;  the  apical  segments  compressed,  some- 
times extraordinarily  so,  the  2nd  ventral  segment  produced  more 
or  less  at  a  right  angle  to  the  plane  of  the  1st,  the  joint  between 
the  median  segment  and  the  abdomen  exceedingly  flexible  the 
insect  being  able  to  double  its  abdomen  beneath  the  thomx  and 
protrude  its  stmg  between  the  fore  legs  in  front 

These  beautiful  insects  are  predatory  on  cochvoachea  (Blatta) 
In  Burma  I  have  frequently  seen  these  wasps  come  into  the  house 
and  search  for  their  prey  under  boxes  and  furniture.  In  the  forest 
once  I  watched  a  rather  large  specimen  of  ^.  co«^p47  Eabf 


254 


SPHEGID.E. 


struRgling  with  a  huge  cockroach  ;  the  Intter  was  either  Paralyzed 
by  a  sting  or  da.ecl  with  fear,  and  was  being  half  cbagged  by  an 
antenna  and  fore  leg,  half  hustled  and  pushed  along  by  the  active 
little  wasp. 

Key  to  tlie  Species. 

A.  Fore  wing  with  three  cubital  cells   A.  compressa,  p.  254. 

B  Fore  wiug  with  two  cubital  cells. 

a.  Abdomen  with  the  basal  segmeut  narrowed 
into  a  petiole. 
a'.  Petiole  linear  at  base,  nodose  at  apex .  .  A 
h'.  Petiole  gradually  widened  to  the  apex, 

not  nodose   •  ■ 

Abdomen  with  the  basal  segment  pseudo- 

sesaile. 

a'  Halsed  central  portion  of  the  pronotum 
not  elevated  at  back  into  a  tubercle. 
d\  Raised  central  portion  of  pronotum 

transversely  striate  

h\  Eaised  ceuti'al  portion  of  pronotum 
punctured. 
Raised  central  portion  of  pronotum 

w  • -  ^- p- 

6=.  Raised'central  portion  of  pronotum 

much  broader  than  long A.  cognata,  p.  257. 
b\  Eaised  central  portion  of  the  pronotum 
elevated  posteriorly  into  a  cone  or 
blunt  tubercle. 
a"  Cheeks  well  developed,  with  a  blunt 
rounded  projection  posteriorly  •  •  •  ■ 
6=  Cheeks  scarcely  at  all  developed, 
straight,  with  no  rounded  projection 
posteriorly   


eonstancere,  p.  255. 
ruficorms,  p.  255. 


A.  novarce,  p.  256. 


A.  sikkiinensis,  p.  257. 
A.  a-udelis,  p.  258. 


473.  Ampulex  compressa. 

Sphex  compressa,  Fabr  Ent.  f2/f  f 

Chlorion  compressum,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez  V-  ^l^- 

Ampules  compressa,  Jurine,  Hym.  p.  irf*. 
o    Head  in  front  coarsely  and  strongly  punctured  ;  pronotum 
tubiJatf  a^bL,  the  raisJd  Vor^^^^^-^:^ ^ 
shortrnediall^tud-l^^^^^^^^^^^  finely  and 

two  coarse  P^^^f  "f^^'  '^^^^^  ^^^^^t  narrowed  posteriorly  and 
closely  punctured  ;  7"«f  from  base,  one  each 

'TTi^s'^^^^^ot^^  posteriorly,  another  outer  one  on 
side  ot  this  siignu)  &    continuous  loop  along  the  edge  of 

each  side  forming  at  apex  a  coiranucu        p        a  ^^^^^^ 

the  truncation,  a  shght  ^"distinct  one  tubercle 
lateral  carina  on  each  ^^^e  ending  in  a  sha^P  "^^Pj^ 

at  each  lateral  posterior  ^^f^f  ^^^^.^^^rpoJ^^^^^^^^^^  sparsely 
the  carina  transversely  striate    legs        ,  PO^J    somewhat  longer 


AMPUI.BX. 


255 


mediate  and  posterior  femora  deep  red ;  the  antennas  filiform,  long ; 
the  flagellum  and  also  the  tarsi  of  the  legs  black:  wings  hyaline, 
slightly  fuscescent ;  fore  wing  with  three  cubital  cells,  the  1st  and 
3rd  sabequal.  each  receiving  a  recuiTent  nervure,  the  2nd  small, 
nearly  square,  the  3rd  or  outer  transverse  cubital  nervure  received 
at  some  distance  from  the  apex  of  the  radial  cell. 

Hab.  Throughout  India,  Burma,  Ceylon,  extending  to  Africa 
and  to  China.     $  .  Length  15-20  ;  exp.  22-30  mm. 


474.  Ampulex  constancese. 

Rhinopsis  constauceaB,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iv,  1891, 
p.  192,  pi.  i,  fig.  6. 

$  .  Head  very  minutely  and  closely  punctured,  giving  it  an 
opaque  appearance;  pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum  and  post- 
scutellum  with  a  few  scattered  punctures ;  median 
segment  coarsely  rugose  and  reticulate ;  abdomen 
smooth  and  shining ;  pronotum  with  the  middle 
portion  raised  and  deeply  longitudinally  grooved  ; 
mesonotum  convex,  with  four  abbreviated  longi- 
tudinal grooves  not  reaching  the  apex ;  median 
segment  somewhat  flat  transversely,  striate  above, 
with  a  medial  longitudinal  carina  and  two  lateral 
broader  ones  converging  slightly  towards  the  apex, 
the  apex  of  the  segment  rounded,  the  sides 
vertical;  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  the  petiole 
clavate  at  apex.  Black  ;  the  mandibles,  clypeus, 
antennte,  pronotum,  the  greater  part  of  the  meso- 
pleurse,  and  mesosternum  and  apex  of  the  meso- 
notum, the  tegulse,  the  median  segment,  the  coxte, 
trochanters,  the  femora  beneath,  and  tarsi  reddish ;  the  base 
of  the  tibiae  and  apex  of  the  femora  obscurely  rufescent ;  the  base 
of  the  1st  petiolate  abdominal  segment  whitish  ;  wings  hyaline,  a 
broad  fuscous  band  from  the  stigma  obliquely  across  the  wings. 

Hab.  Poona,  Bombay  Presidency.  $  .  Le7ic/lh  9  ;  e.rp.  8  mm. 
Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 


Fig.  68. 
Ampiilex  con- 
stancets,  J .  f 


475.  Ampulex  ruficornis. 

Rhinopsis  ruficornis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  C4)  ii  1889 
p.  115,  2.  W    ,   oo  , 

2  .  Head  coarsely,  thorax  finely  punctured  ;  abdomen  smooth, 
slightly  shining ;  antenna;  rather  short,  shorter  than  the  thorax  ; 
eyes  parallel,  an  indistinct  short  keel  in  front  of  the  anterior  ocellus  • 
pronotum  raised  in  the  middle,  with  a  deep  longitudinal  furrow  •' 
mesonotum  shorter  than  the  pronotum,  with  two  posteriorly  con- 
vergent, longitudinally  impressed  lines;  scutellum  and  postscutellum 
emooth ;  median  segment  above  finely  transversely  striate,  pos- 
teriorly roundly  truncate,  with  an  indistinct  broad  furrow  at 
apex ;  above  the  segment  is  flattish,  with  a  posteriorly  convergent 


256 


SPHBGID^. 


sulcation  on  each  side,  bounded  on  the  inside  by  short  carinas, 
between  which  again  there  is  a  medial  longer  carina,  the  upper 
lateral  angles  of  the  segment  tuberculate ;  petiole  clavate  at  apex  ; 
2nd  abdominal  segment  long.  Head  and  abdomen  black ;  the 
antennae,  thorax,  median  segment,  basal  hall'  of  petiole  of  abdomen, 
and  tarsi  red  :  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent;  nervures  testaceous, 
tegulsB  blackish. 

Hob.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.     ?  .  Length  10;  exp.  11  mm. 


*476.  Ampulex  novarse,  Sauss.  Novara-Beise,  Hym.  p.  44,  pi.  ii, 
fio's.  26  &  26  a  ;  Eohl,  Ann.  Naturhist.  Hofmus.  Wien,  viii,  1893, 
p?468. 

"  c?  .  The  clypeus  carinate,  somewhat  compressed.    Head  punc- 
tured, no  carina  on  the  front  above,  but  above  each  antenna  a  short 
carina.     Prothorax  slender,  strongly  compressed,  finely  trans- 
versely striate,  and  divided  by  a  longitudinal  groove,  not  tuberculate 
posteriorly,  but  shining ;  the  prosternum  punctured.    The  meso- 
thorax  coarsely,  the  mesonotum  still  more  coarsely  punctured,  the 
fovea  on  this  short,  deep,  nearly  orbicular.    Median  segment 
slender,  the  apex  bidentate,  not  acutely  truncate,  above  with 
transverse  raised  striae,  the  raised  longitudinal  strias  complete. 
The  medial  carina  at  apex  almost  obtusely  bifurcate ;  of  the  lateral 
carinas,  the  1st  pair  sinuate,  at  the  base  convex,  then  concave, 
lastly  parallel,  the  3rd  pair  convergent  towards  the  apex,  and 
continuous  there  with  the  arch  of  the  medial  one,  2nd  pair  free  at 
base  at  their  origin,  at  apex  ioined  on  to  the  arch  of  the  3rd  pair  ; 
the  lateral  tubercles  or  teeth  projecting  sideways  ;  the  posterior 
face  of  the  segment  subconvex  like  the  sides,  coarsely  reticulate. 
Abdomen  highly  polished,  impunctate.    Metallic  blue ;  antennaa 
and  the  tarsi  black ;  posterior  femora  red,  with  the  apex  blackish 
blue  ;  wings  hyahne,  nervures  fuscous. 

"  Hah.  DarjiUng,  Sikhim.     $  .  Lewjili  16  mm.     6.  Length  12  ; 
wing  7  mm." 

*477.  Ampulex  latifrons,  Kohl,  Ann.  Naturhist.  Sofmus.  Wien,  viii, 
1893,  p.  461. 

2  Pront,  vertex,  and  cheeks  smooth,  with  scattered  punctures ; 
front  and  vertex  broad  ;  eyes  very  shghtly  convergent  towards  the 
vertex ;  antenna  remarkably  stout,  the  joints  of  the  flagellum 
constricted  at  their  bases,  length  of  2nd  joint  not  quite  2,  times 
its  breadth  at  the  apex;  a  short  very  slight  carina  over  the  base 
of  each  antenna  ;  the  medial  carina  of  the  clypeus  bifurcating  a 
its  apical  third,  and  forming  at  the  margin  two  more  smaU  bu^ 
distinct  teeth;  a  middle  tooth  consequently  ^^sent ;  p  onotum 
not  raised  into  a  tubercle,  nearly  cubical,  above  almost  flat  ^th  a 
median  longitudinal  deeply  impressed  hne  and  as  well  as  he 
mesinotum  coarsely  but  not  thickly  punctured,  a  stiff  hair  springing 
f^om  each  puncture  ;  mesopleurae  with  coarse  scattered  punctures  ; 


AMPCLEI.  257 

median  segment  posteriorly  \y\th  a  very  short  lateral  spine  or 
strictly  speaiung,  an  obtuse  protuberance ;  legs  with  the  penulti- 
mate joint  of  the  tarsus  enveloping  on  all  sides  the  basal  half  of  the 
■apu-al  joint ;  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tarsi  punctured  :  claws 
bihd.  Abdomen  with  the  dorsal  plate  of  the  2nd  segment  about 
V  i!!?^'/'        '""f  Metallic  blue  or  green,  sometimes 

slightly  bronzy ;  the  antenna  and  tarsi  black,  the  posterior  femora 
red. 

Hab.  Sikhim.    2  '  Length  16  mm.    Unknown  to  me. 
*478.  Ampulexjognata,  Kokl,  Ann.  NaturMst.  Hofinus.  Wien,  viii, 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  punctured,  the  punctures  large  and  coarse 
very  sparse  on  the  mesonotum,  scutellum,  postseutellum,  and 
sides  of  the  thorax ;  the  clypeal  carina  prominent,  bifurcating  close 
to  the  apex ;  eyes  sma  ,  separated  above  by  the  length  of  the  basal 
four  joints  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antenn^B  ;  the  3rd,  4th,  and  5th 
joints  of  the  latter  subequal;  the  raised  portion  of  the  pronotum 
very  convex,  transverse,  much  broader  than  long,  divided  medially 
by  an  impressed  line;   median  segment  with  four  carinas  the 
inmost  two  convergent  roughly  forming  a  triangle  with  the  base, 
the  next  two  rather  close  together,  the  outer  ending  in  a  blunt 
tubercle  just  below  the  upper  posterior  angle  of  the  truncated 
apex  of  the  segment,  the  spaces  between  the  larger  longitudinal 
carina  with  raised  transverse  stria  somewhat  close  together  •  leo-s 
stout  the  posterior  tibia  with  a  few  coarse  punctures,  the  2nd 
and  3rd  joints  of  the  tarsi  sagittate,  the  subapical  joint  abouft  half 
the  length  of    he  apical  and  overlapping  it  on  the  underside  ■ 
abdomen  strongly  compressed,  the  apical  four  segments  quite  flat' 
vertical,  the  2nd  strongly  produced  below  at  right  angles  to  tfe 
1st,  above  no  quite  so  broad  as  long.    Dark  shining  bluish  green' 
the  centra  p  ate  of  the  mesonotum,  the  apical  abdominal  segment 
above,  and  the  apical  three  below  brownish,  the  ante  ior^S 
and  basal  joint  of  the  tarsi  and  the  posterior  four  femora  de^ 
red  :  wings  hyahne,  mf uscated  on  the  disc  of  the  foreT^ng  tSe 
latter  with  an  appendiculate  radial  and  two  cubital  cells  rthe'  I  t 
cubital  cell  twice  the  length  of  the  2nd,  receiving  the  1st  .ecurrent 
nervure  very  h  tie  after  its  middle,  the  3rd  cubital  cell  reachW 
beyond  the  radial  and  receiving  the  2nd  recurrent  nervure  Ihf 
2nd  transverse  cubital  nervure  received  at  the  apex  of  tSe 

Hah.  Khdsi  Hills.     ?  .  Length  27  ;  eccp.  39  mm.    d  unknown. 
479.  Ampulex  sikkimensis. 

Waa|enia  sikkimensis,  Kriechb.  Stettin,  ent.  Zeit.  xxxr  (1874), 

?  .  Head  and  mesonotum  smooth,  shining,  with  very  sparse  anrl 
fine  punctures;  front  with  three  short  abbreviated 


258  srnEGiD^. 

quite  reaching  the  level  of  the  anterior  ocellus,  the  cheeks  behind 
the  eyes  with  a  prominent  tubercle  ;  pronotum  rising  into  a  slight 
cone-shaped  elevation  posteriorly,  with  anteriorly  a  medial  longi- 
tudinal furrow  and  a  few  obscure  transverse  wrinHes ;  median 
segment  from  above  quadrate,  with  nine  longituamal  carinaj,  the 
medial  and  the  next  on  each  side  not  reaching  the  truncated 
nosterior  portion  of  the  segment,  the  3rd  and  4th  carinae  (counting 
from  the  middle  on  each  side)  very  close  together ;  the  space 
between  the  carina  transversely  striate ;  the  tubercles  at  the 
lateral  posterior  angles  of  the  segment  small ;  legs  thin  and  long, 
the  subapical  joint  of  the  tarsi  short,  produced  at  the  sides  into 
angular  points;  ckws  unidcntate ;  abdomen  smooth,  pohshed; 
dorsal  plate  of  2nd  segment  nearly  as  wide  as  long.  MetaUic 
blue  in  places  with  a  greenish  tint ;  antennae  and  tarsi  black  ; 
posterior  femora  red  ;  wings  hyaline,  slightly  fuscescent.  ^ 

Bab.   Sikhim;    Chinese  frontier.      ?.   Lengili  16-1/;  exp. 


^"^Amre  species:  two  specimens  in  the  British  Museum  from 
the  Chinese  frontier,  which  I  somewhat  doubtfully  identify  as 
this  species,  are  all  I  have  seen. 

480.  Ampulex  crudelis,  n.  sp. 

P  Head  nearly  smooth,  with  a  few  scattered  punctures  on  the 
front :  thorax  and  abdomen  smooth,  im punctate  ;  clypeus  s  rongly 
carhiate,  the  carina  reaching  nearly  to  the  anterior  ocellus ;  at 
apex  the  clvpeus  is  dentate  on  each  side  of  the  carrna  :  from  the 
WoE  each  antenna  an  irregular  short  carina  divergmg  slightly 
base  ot  eacn  an  outwards  goes  up  as  high  as  about  the 

middle  of  the  inner  orbits  ;  the  raised 
\         jj    portion  of  the  pronotum  gibbous  at  the 
back  and  marked  with  a  medial  short 
mWil     slic^ht  keel;  median  segment  narrowed 
posteriorly  and  truncate,  with  one  short 
/^/^      ^'«™>*'      longitudinal  carina  in  the  middle,  two 
/  Y  sliort  convergent  carinae,  one  on  each 

/      I  side  of  the  medial  one,  two  other  outer 

^.  ones  running  to  the  lateral  angles  of 

^^?>-%   n    1^      an  irregularly  enclosed  space  on  the 
Ampule,  orudehs,  $ .  \.     ^^^^'^^XS.e  truncation,  and  three  more 

on  each  side  beyond  these  Ind  partially  on  the  f  ^J^^ 

rfSli  aS^tl^^  She-is 

basal  segment  constricted  at  apex,  the  2nd  segment  no  q 
broad  as  long,  the  apical  ^^g^^"^ 


AMPTOIX. — DOLICHUmUS. 


259 


the  disc,  fore  wing  with  two  cubital  cells,  the  Ist  transverse  cubital 
iiervure  merely  indicated,  the  outer  transverse  cubital  nervure 
received  some  distance  from  the  apex  of  the  radial  cell. 

Hah.  Eaugit  Valley,  Sikhim.  $.  Length  15-18;  exp.  24- 
28  mm. 

The  nearest  ally  to  this  species  is  A,  erytliropus.  Kohl,  from 
Ja\a. 


Genus  DOLICHUEUS. 

Pompilus,  pt.,  Spin.  Ins.  Lig-  fasc.  2,  p.  62  (1808). 
Pison,  pt.,  Latr.  Qen.  Crust,  et  Lis.  iv,  p.  57  (1809). 
Doliciiurus,  Latr.  Gen.  Crust,  et  Ins.  iv,  p.  387  (1809). 

Type,  B.  corniculus,  Spin. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  subglobose,  as  wide  as  or  wider  than  the  thorax  ;  a  lamellar 
tubercle  above  the  bases  of  the  antennae,  concave  above  ;  eyes  large, 
oval;  ocelli  complete,  round,  rather  close  together,  placed  in 

a  triangle  on  the  vertex ;  antennae  fili- 
form, long,  the  scape  thick,  about  as 
long  as  the  2nd  joint  of  the  flagellum ; 
pronotum  with  the  posterior  portion 
raised,  quadrate  anteriorly,  prolonged 
into  a  sort  of  neck;  mesonotum  very 
short,  its  posterior  margin  nearly  in  a 
line  with  the  posterior  margin  of  the 
tegulae ;  scutellum  large;  median  segment 
flat  above,  steep  at  the  sides ;  posteriorly 
truncate,  the  upper  surface  with  longi- 
tudinal carinae  somewhat  as  in  Ampulex ; 
legs  long  and  slender;  femora  flattish.  Wings— fore  wing  with 
one  radial  and  three  cubital  cells  ;  the  radial  cell  long,  narrow, 
acute  at  apex,  not  appendiculate ;  the  1st  cubital  cell  very  little 
longer  than  the  2nd,  the  2nd  nearly  half  as  long  again  as  the  3rd, 
the  2nd  and  3rd  narrowed  towards  the  radial  cell ;  the  1st  trans- 
verse cubital  nervure  geniculated  close  to  its  origin  and  giving  off 
a  subobsolete  oblique  nervure  in  the  Ist  cubital  cell.  Abdomen 
pseudosessile,  subcylindrical,  with  the  margins  of  one  or  more 
of  the  basal  segments  constricted ;  the  terminal  segment  in  the 
Eastern  species  acute  in  the  female. 

JSTothing  is  on  record  as  to  the  habits  of  the  Eastern  species  of 


Kg.  70. — Bolichuriis  bi- 
punctatus,  c?.  f. 


this  genus. 


Key  to  the  Species. 


a.  Head  and  thorax  entirely  hlack ;  lateral 

angles  of  pronotum  slightly  produced,  but 

not  tuberculate   B.  taprobancs,  p.  260. 

b.  Head  and  thorax  black,  apex  of  tubercle 

above  base  of  antennm  and  lateral  tu- 
bercles on  pronotum  whitish  yellow    D.  bipunctatus,  p  260 

s  2 


260  8pni;GiD.€. 


481.  Dolichurus  taprobanffi,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc  lBm^  y.  304,  J  ; 
Kohl,  Ann.  NaturMst.  Hofmus.  Wien,  viii,  18.W,  p.  5U. 

9  Head  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  the  front 
below  the  anterior  ocellus  rugiilose,  the  uiesonotuin  with  a  few 
scattered  ponctures  ;  clypeus  with  a  well-marked  medial  carina 
and  covered  with  long  stiffish  hairs ;  lamella  above  the  base  of  the 
antennie  concave  above  ;  eyes  distinctly  convergent  towards  the 
vertex  •  pronotum  raised  in  the  middle  posteriorly,  the  raised  por- 
tion with  the  posterior  angles  slightly  projecting  :  median  segment 
with  four  longitudinal  carinas,  the  outer  pair  pined  by  a  trans- 
verse margin  ou  the  verge  of  the  truncated  apex  of  the  segment; 
the  space  between  the  carina  transversely  rugose,  the  posterior 
lateril  margins  of  the  segment  with  a  tubercle;  abdomen  with 
the  apical  margin  of  the  basal  segment  strongly  constricted 
the  apical  segment  narrow  and  very  acute;  wmgs  hyahne  and 
iridescent,  nervures  and  tegular  dark  brown. 
S  similar,  the  front  longitudinally  striate. 

Hah.  Burma;  Tenasserim ;  Ceylon.    5  .  Ler^jih  10  ;  exp.  16  mm. 
S  .  Length  8  ;  eccp.  16  mm.    Type  m  the  British  Museum. 

482.  Dolichurus  bipunctatus,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.439. 

^  Head  in  front  densely  punctured  ;  the  vertex  occiput,  pro- 
and  mesonotum,  and  abdomen  smooth;  head  and  thorax  with  a 
^MnThort  pube  cence,  dense  only  on  the  clypeus ;  pronotum  wi  h 
the  back  portion  raised  transversely,  the  latera  angles  strongly 
t  bercukte;  mesonotum  with  two  parallel  longitudinal  furrows ; 
medTan  segment,  the  sides  steep,  truncate  posteriorly,  above  with 
^wo  inner  and  t^o  outer  longer  parallel  longitudmal  Cannes,  the 
Jnner  ?wo  Ld  outer  two  joined  separately  by  transverse  carma ; 
the  space  between  the  carina  transversely  rugose ;  legs  stout,  non- 
spLo^the  femora  flattened ;  abdomen  short,  the  posterior  margins 
of  the  basa'  two  segments  strongly  constricted,  the  1st  above  and 
K  lnw  the  9nd  onlv  above.  Black,  the  pubescence  fulvous  white, 
below,  tlie  f  i^fce  aboTO  the  base  of  the  antennae,  on 

Z  Z^  J^C-^  tt  tubercles  on  the  lateral  angles  of  the 
pi-onotum  whTtfsh'yellow;  wings  hyahne  and  mdescent,  nervures 

^T^erSmTSurnia.     .  .  9  ;  ..p.  16  mm.     ?  un- 

known.   Type  ii^  coU.  British  Museum. 

Genus  TRIRHOaMA. 
Trirogma,  Westw.  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  iii,  p.  223  (1841). 
Type,  T.  cmruUa,  Westw. 

ch^kfrnotrwy:.!!  developed,  the  e,es  o,.l,  re.«U.ug  down 


TEIKHOGMA, 


261 


to  the  base  of  the  mandibles ;  ocelli  complete,  round,  rather 
small,  placed  in  a  triangle  on  the  vertex,  somewhat  close  to- 
gether; antenna  filU'orm,  inserted  beneath 
a  rounded  tubercle  which  is  concave  above  ; 
mandibles  broader  in  the  male  than  in  the 
female ;  pronotum  somewhat  as  in  Doli- 
churus,  with  its  posterior  margin  transverse 
and  the  lateral  angles  tuberculate ;  meso- 
notum   short,   its   posterior   margin  not 
extending  beyond  the  posterior  margin  of 
the  tegulte ;   median  segment  broad,  flat 
above,  with  broad  prominent  lateral  pro- 
jections,  truncate  posteriorly,  the  sides  not 
Trirhogma  ccBvuloa,      |.  coming  to  a  sharp  angle  and  not  tubercu- 
late as  in  Ampulex,  traversed  dorsally  and 
on  the  sides  above  by  several  longitudinal  carinse ;  legs  long, 
slender,  the  intermediate  coxae  not  very  widely  separated,  the 
coxae  and  trochanters  of  all  the  legs  remarkably  long,  the  femora 
broad  and  flattened  towards  the  base  ;  intermediate  and  posterior 
tibiae  and  tarsi  slightly  spiuose,  intermediate  tibiae  with  two  apical 
spines,  anterior  tarsi  not  ciliated,  claws  unidentate  in  the  middle 
below.     Wings  rather  short;  fore  v^nng  with  the  radial  cell 
narrow,  acute  at  apex  ;  three  cubital  cells ;  the  1st  equal  or  nearly 
equal  on  the  cubital  nervure  to  the  2nd  and  3rd  united,  receiving 
the  1st  recurrent  nervure  very  close  to  or  at  its  apex ;  the  2nd  the 
smallest,  the  1st  and  2nd  transverse  cubital  nervures  enclosing  it, 
arched  outwards,  then  strongly  constricted  towards  the  radial  cell, 
the  2nd  recurrent  nervure  received  at  its  apical  third ;  the  3rd 
cubital  cell  bi-oader  at  apex  than  at  base.    Abdomen  broad, 
depressed,  often  with  only  three  visible  segments ;  the  apical 
margins  of  the  basal  two  strongly  constricted. 

Nothing,  so  far  as  I  know,  is  on  record  as  to  the  habits  of  the 
two  species  of  Trirhogma  found  within  our  limits. 

Ji^ey  to  the  Sj)ecies. 

a.  Abdomen  smooth  ;  maadibles  black   T.  ccsrulea,  p.  261. 

b.  Abdomen  dehcately  punctured;  mandibles  white 

at  base    T.prismatica,^.  262. 

483.  Trirhogma  caerulea,  Westio.  Trans,  mt.  Sac.  iii,  p.  225,  pi.  xii, 
figs.  3  J  ,  3  a  to  3  e ;  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  273  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Maneh. 
L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  114. 

$  .  Head  in  front  closely  and  finely  punctured  ;  vertex,  back  of 
the  head,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  postscutellum  with 
a  few  scattered  punctures ;  abdomen  smooth,  brilliantly  polished 
and  shining  ;  clypeus  slightly  convex,  its  anterior  margin  arched ; 
pronotum  rising  posteriorly,  with  the  margin  behind  transverse 
and  its  lateral  angles  tuberculate;  median  segment  broad,  with 
four  medial  carina  arranged  more  or  less  in  W-shape  and  two 
outer  lateral  carinffi,  the  space  between  the  carinas  reticulate. 


262 


SPHBGIDjE. 


Dark  metallic  blue ;  the  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  covered  with 
a  thin  hoary  pubescence,  long  and  somewhat  stiff  on  the  clypeus ; 
antenujB  and  the  tarsi  piceous  black  ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  and 
tegulse  piceous. 

(J  very  similar,  more  slenderly  made,  the  lateral  tubercles  on  the 
pronoturn  more  prominent,  and  the  scutelium  more  or  less  gibbous. 

Hab.  Throughout  India,  Burma,  and  Tenasserim,  but  not 
common.  ?.  Length  15-21;  eo-p.  26-30  mm.  d.  Le-ngth 
11-14 ;  exp.  20-24  mm. 

484.  Trirliogma  prisma tica,  S7nith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc  1858,  p.  99,  cJ ; 
Kohl,  Ann.  Naturhist.  Rofmus.  Wien,  viii,  1893,  p.  513. 

A  Closely  alHed  to  and  resembling  T.  cceriilea,  Westw. ;  differs 
from  the  same  sex  in  T.  cwrulea  in  the  mandibles  bemg  white  at 
base,  the  antennae  longer  and  more  filiform,  ui  the  mesouotum 
having  two  transverse  carinas  posteriorly,  the  space  between 
rugose  the  scuteUum  with  an  elevated  tubercle  anteriorly,  the 
wings  slightly  fuscescent,  the  abdomen  punctured  and  with  violet 
and  purple  tints  in  certain  lights.  ,  ,  „  .,  „  i  o 

Hab.  Borneo;  Tenasserim.     6-  Length  12-13;  exjp.  18  mm. 

9  unknown. 

G-enus  PSEN. 
Psen,  Lnfr.  Prieis  Caract.  Gen.  Ins.  p  122  (1793). 
Sphex,  pt.,i^«6r.  Ent.  Syst.  Suppl.vJf{}m' 
Pelopius,  pt.,  Fahr.  Syd.  Ihez.  p.  202  (1804) 
Trypoxylou,  pt,  Fabr.  Syd.  Piez.  p.  If  (IfOl). 
Mimesa,  pt.,  Dahlb.  Hym.  Fur.i  Tahl.  Sphey.  (184-3). 
Mesopora,  Wesm.  Bull.  Akad.  Brux.  xix,  pt.  i,  p.  279  (1852). 

Type,  P.  ater,  Panz. 

Eanqe.  Both  hemispheres.  •       .   .  • 

Head  transverse,  as  wide  as  the  thorax ;  antenna  inserted  in 
the  middle  or  a  little  below  the  middle  of  the  face,  the  flagellum 
"  subclavate  ;  labrum  concealed ;  man- 

dibles acute,  the  apex  bidentate,  the 
inner  tooth  shorter  than  the  outer ; 
thorax  very  broad,  subovate ;  pro- 
noturn transverse.  Wings  broad, 
ample;  fore  wdug  with  the  radial 
cell  long,  acuminate  at  apex;  three 
cubital  cells,  measured  on  the  cubital 
nervure  the  1st  about  one-fourth 
longer  than  the  3rd,  the  second  about 
half  the  length  of  the  3rd  ;  the  2ud 
,yig-.72-  ,  cubital  cell  narrowed  towards  the 
Psm  ptdcherrmus,  J .  t-       ^^^^^^  ^.^jj^  receiving  the  1st  recui-rent 

nervure  before  the  middle ;  the  3rd  cubital  cell  at  apex  about  t^Tice 
Tbroad  as  it  is  at  base,  receiving  the  2nd  --"^."^^  ^eni^e  ne^^^^^^^^ 
base.  Abdomen  very  long,  petiolate,  the  petiole  about  the  ength 
of  the  remaining  segments  ;  male  with  an  upcurved  spine  at  apex 
0  abdomen  ;  female^^osterior  tibiae  serrated  in  the  Indian  species. 


PSEN. 


2G3 


Pour  species  only  are  knowu  from  India :  nothing  is  known 
about  their  habits.  The  European  species,  however,  are  said  to 
nest  in  bramble-stems  and  in  the  tubes  of  sti'aw  in  thatched 
bouses,  and  to  store  their  nests  with  Aphides. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

a.  Head  and  thorax  black,  variegated  with 

j'ellow    P.  pulcherrimus,  p.  263. 

h.  Head  and  thorax  entirely  black. 

a'.  Abdomen  black   P.  orientalis,  p.  Ji63. 

b'.  Abdomen  more  or  less  red. 

u^.  Base  of  median  segment  depressed, 

with  a  furrow  to  the  apex   P.  nifiventris,  p.  264. 

J^.  Base  of  median  segment  not  depressed, 
with  one  medial  and  two  short  lateral 
carinsB    P.  davatus,  p.  264, 

485.  Psen  pulcherrimus,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  443. 

5 .  Head  above,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining ; 
clypeus  small,  convex,  densely  pilose,  the  front  between  the  eyes 
broad,  the  flagellum  of  the  antennse  setaceous,  ocelli  sunk,  well 
separated  from  each  other ;  the  apex  of  the  mesonotum  and  the 
sides  and  apex  of  the  postscutellum  with  coarse,  outwardlj'  oblique 
strife ;  median  segment  long,  rounded  posteriorly,  with  a  w  ell- 
marked  medial  longitudinal  furrow ;  legs  stout,  posterior  tibiae 
minutely  spinose  ;  the  apices  of  abdominal  segments  2-4  slightly 
constricted.  Head  and  thorax  black  ;  abdomen  ferruginous 
red ;  the  scape  and  basal  five  joints  of  the  flagellum  of  the 
antennas  beneath,  a  line  on  the  pronotum,  a  spot  in  front  of  the 
tegulas,  the  tegulae,  a  large  square  spot  at  the  apex  of  the  meso- 
notum, the  scutellum  and  postscutellum,  two  large  oblong  spots 
at  the  apex  of  the  median  segment,  the  apex  of  the  coxas,  the 
trochanters,  femora,  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  the  legs,  and  the  petiole  of 
the  abdomen  yellow ;  the  posterior  femora,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  with  a 
fuscous  stain,  the  apex  of  the  petiole  below  black ;  wings  hyaline 
and  beautifully  iridescent,  nervures  testaceous. 

Hah.  Tenasserim.  J  •  Length  7 ;  exp.  12  mm.  S  unknown. 
Type  in  coll.  British  Museum. 

486.  Psen  orientalis.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii.  1890, 

p.  269,  2 . 

5 .  Closely  resembling  P.  rujiventris, 
Cam.,  in  form,  but  the  clypeus  is 
,^„v'7^        larger  and  more  convex ;  the  enclosed 
subtriangTilar  space  at  base  of  the 
median  segment  is  smaller,  not  de- 
^"^^    pressed,  finely  not  coarsely  longi- 
^  tudinally  striate,  and  with  a  shining 

Psen  orientalis;  5 .    ?.  ^}^°'''^,  '^^^'■'^  ^ "i'™^^'  ^^''^  is  con- 

tinned   beyond   the  apex  of  the 

enclosed  space  as  a  fine  carina  to  the  apex  of  the  segment ;  the 


264 


SPHBGIDjB. 


sides  of  the  median  segment  with  some  coarse  rugose  striae. 
Entirely  black,  with  sparse  hoary  pubescence  on  the  head,  the 
sides  of  the  thorax,  and  median  segment. 

Hah.  Madras  ;  Pundaloya,  Geylon.  $.  Lengthll;  eay.  23mm. 
Type  in  coll.  liothne}'. 

487.  Psen  rufiventris,  Ca?n.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  ]896, 
p.  207,2- 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  thinly  pubescent  and  pilose,  most  dense  on 
the  clypeus,  the  cheeks,  the  pleursB,  and  the  sides  and  apex  of  the 
median  segment;  the  vertex  of  the  head,  the pronotuin,  scutelluui, 
postscutellum,  sides  and  apex  of  the  median  segment  under  the 
pubescence,  and  the  abdomen  smooth  and  shining ;  the  clypeus, 
the  front,  and  the  mesonotum  finely  and  strongly  punctured ;  the 
clypeus  convex,  the  apex  produced,  roundly  emargiuate,  the  sides 
oblique ;  median  segment  with  a  large  subtriangular  depressed 
space  at  base,  coarsely  longitudinally  striate,  and  produced  at  apex 
into  a  broad  deep  furrow  running  to  the  apex  of  the  segment ; 
abdomen,  the  petiole  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax  united,  the 
rest  of  the  abdomen  slightly  longer ;  the  5th  segment  with  a 
marked  constriction  near  its  base.  Black,  the  clypeus  and  cheeks 
with  golden  and  the  thorax  with  silvery  pile ;  the  mandibles, 
antennjB  beneath,  and  the  greater  part  of  the  legs  testaceous,  the 
2nd  and  following  abdominal  segments  more  or  less  red  shaded 
with  fuscous  black ;  wings  hyaline  and  pubescent,  nervures  and 
tegulse  dark  brown,  nearly  black. 

Hah.  Madras.  2  •  Length  9 ;  exp.  18  mm.  c?  unknown. 
Type  in  coll.  Kothney. 

*488.  Psen  clavatus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890, 
p.  268,  2- 

2  .  "  Smaller  than  P.  rufiventris  (8  mm.  only),  differing  from  it 
in  the  eyes  being  rounded  in  front,  diverging  at  apex;  in  the 
antennffi  "being  distinctly  clavate,  with  the  3rd  joint  not  twice  the 
length  of  the  2nd  (in  rufiventris  it  is  three  times)  and  not  much 
longer  than  the  4th ;  in  the  3rd  joint  being  nearly  twice  the  length 
of  the  penultimate  ;  in  there  being  no  furrow  behind  the  ocelli ;  m 
the  base  of  the  median  segment  not  being  depressed  and  with 
three  keels  down  the  central  part— one  central  and  two  lateral 
keels;  the  abdomen  apart  from  the  black  petiole  is  entirely 
rufous ;  the  2nd  cubital  cellule  is  narrowed  almost  to  a  point  at 
the  top;  the  head  and  thorax  are  more  distinctly  aciculate,  and 
there  are  two  shallow  furrows  on  the  mesonotum,  only  the  four 
anterior  knees,  tibise,  and  tarsi  are  testaceous,  this  being  also  the 
case  with  the  hinder." 

Hab.  Poona. 


PBMPHRBDON. 


265 


Genus  PEMPHREDOIT. 

Crabro,  pt.,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  293  (1793). 
Pemphredou,  Latr.  PrSc.  Caract.  Gen.  Ins.  p.  128  (1796). 
Cemonus,  Jurine,  Ilt/m.  p.  214,  pi.  xi,  gen.  28  (1807). 
Ceratophorus,  pt.,  Shuck.  Foss.  Hyni.  p.  198  (1837). 
DiphlelDus,  pt.,  Wesfw.  Intr.  Classif.  Ins.  ii,  Syn.  Gen.  p.  81  (1840). 
Chevrieria,  Kohl,  Mitth.  Schweiz.  ent.  Ges.  vi,  Heft  10,  p.  658 
(1883). 

Type,  P.  lugubris,  Fabr. 

Range.  Palaearctic  region,  and  high  elevations  in  the  Oriental 
region. 

Head  large,  subquadrate ;  eyes  prominent,  ovate ;  antennas 
rather  widely  separated,  inserted  at  the  base  of  the  clypeus, 
transverse ;  labruin  small  and  triangular ;  mandibles  stout,  their 
apex  dentate ;  thorax  broadly  oval;  the  mesonotum  and  median 
segment  strongly  convex,  gibbous  ;  wings  with  one  radial  and  two 
cubital  cells,  the  radial  and  1st  cubital  cells  subequal,  but  the 
latter  oblong,  the  2nd  cubital  cell  nearly  square,  about  half  the 
length  of  the  1st  cubital  cell,  each  of  the  cubital  cells  receives 
a  recurrent  nei-vure ;  legs  moderately  long,  slender,  spinose ; 
abdomen  with  the  ventral  plate  of  the  basal  segment  forming  a 
long  slightly  curved  petiole,  which  is  longer  than  the  2nd 
abdominal  segment,  the  rest  of  the  abdomen  lanceolate  ;  the  apex 
of  the  abdomen  with  a  single  spine  ( c?  )  or  canaliculate  (  $  ). 

The  only  Indian  species  at  present  known  comes  from  an 
elevation  of  7000  ft.  in  the  Himalayas,  and  nothing  is  on  record 
about  its  habits,  which,  however,  probably  resemble  those  of  the 
European  species.  The  latter  nest  in  holes  in  old  posts  and  rails, 
and  provision  their  larva  with  Aphides. 

489.  Pemphredon  fuscipennis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli, 
1897. 

2 .  Head  and  thorax  sparsely,  sides  and  apex  of  the  median 
segment  and  the  petiole  of  the  abdomen  above  closely  and  rather 
coarsely  punctured,  abdomen  smooth  and  shining ;  head,  from 
above,  subquadrate,  broad,  much  broader  than  the  thorax  ;  median 
segment  above  smooth,  with  a  semicircle  of  longitudinal  short 
carinas  at  its  base.  Black,  the  clypeus  with  silvery  pile  at  the 
sides,  and  a  fringe  of  long  silvery  hair  at  apex ;  the  rest  of  the 
head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  with  a  very  thin  covering  of  short 
fuscous  hairs  :  wings  hyaline,  shaded  mth  fuscous  on  their  apical 
halves ;  nervures  brown,  tegulae  black. 

Eab.  Mussooree,  Northern  India.    $  .  Length  8-9  ;  ex^.  17  mm. 
Type  in  coll  Eothney. 


266 


SPHBGIDjE. 


Genus  STIGMUS. 

Stigmus,  Jurine,  Hijm.  p.  139,  pi.  iii,  gen.  7  (1807). 

Type,  S.  pendulus,  Panz. 
liange.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  subquadrate,  a  little  wider  than  the  thorax ;  antennae 
inserted  at  the  base  of  the  clypeus ;  labrum 
concealed  ;  mandibles  dentate.     Thorax  ovate  ; 
median  segment  roundly  truncate,  longer  than 
the  mesonotum :    wings  proportionately  large ; 
fore   wing  with   the   stigma   very   large  and 
conspicuous,  one  radial  and  two  cubital  cells,  the 
radial  cell  acute  at  apex,  the  1st  cubital  nearly 
twice  the  length  of  the  2nd,  receiving  the  single 
recurrent  nervure  beyond  the  middle;  the  2nd 
cubital  cell  nearly  square :   legs  simple  or  very 
minutely  spinose.    Abdomen  petiolate;  petiole 
longer  than  the  2nd  segment,  the  rest  of  the 
abdomen  narrowly  ovate,  pointed  at  apex, 
of  this  genus  are  minute  and  easily  overlooked. 
;S.  congruus.  Walk.,  I  found  hovering  about  and  settling  in  some 
numbers  on  a  hard  bank  of  earth,  underneath  a  rock,  on  the  higher 
hills  in  Tenasserim,  in  April ;  but  whether  the  minute  holes  in  the 
bank  were  tunnels  made  by  them  I  cannot  venture  to  say. 


Fig.  74. 

Stiqmus  co7iqruus 

?•  i 
The  species 


Key  to  the  Sjaedes. 

a.  Clvpeus  subtriangiilar,  not  dentate  nor  porrect ; 

legs  testaceous  •  •   congruus,  p.  266. 

b.  Clypeus  transverse,  8uhpoiTect,projectiDg  at  apex, 

with  a  minute  tooth  on  each  side ;  legs  with  _ 

anterior  intermediate  tarsi  only  testaceous   5.  niger,  p.  ^b7. 

490.  Stigmus  congruus,  Walk.  A.  M.  N.  H.  (3)  v,  1860,  p.  304,  $ ; 
Motsch.  Bull.  Soc.  Imp.  Nat.  Mosc.  xxxvi,  pt.  2  1863,  p.  23; 
Kohl,  Ann.  Naturhist.  Rofmus.  Wien,  v,  1890,  p.  63. 

0 .  Vertex  of  the  head,  pronotiim,  mesonotum  anteriorly, 
scutellum,  postscutellum,  and  abdomen  smooth,  poUshed  and 
shining  ;  clypeus  subtriangular,  slightly  convex,  suiiace  minutely 
aciculate,  anterior  margin  widely  arched ;  front  shghtly  hoUowed, 
with  very  tine  divergent  stria,  the  orbits  marked  oft  by  a  deep 
furrow  consisting  of  a  series  of  very  close  punctures;  the  posterior 
margin  of  the  mesonotum  with  coarse  longitudinal  and  rather 
deeply  marked  stria  ;  median  segment  coarsely  reticulate,  xuth  a 
short  deep  groove  on  its  posterior  slope.  Black  the  mandibles 
except  at  apex,  the  scape,  and  basal  three  joints  of  the  flagellum  of 
the  antenna  beneath,  the  nervures  and  tegulse  of  the  wmgs,  and 
the  legs  testaceous  ;  the  tubercles  white  ;  wings  hyaline.^ 

Hah.   Sikhim;  Tenasserim;  Ceylon.     $.  Leiigi^i  r5;  exp. 
12  mm. 


STIGMUS. — PASSALffiOUS. 


267 


491.  Stigmus  niger.  Motsch.  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.  1863,  p.  23. 

Stigmus  congruus,  Eohl,  Ann.  Naturhist.  Hofmus.  Wien,  v,  1890, 
p.  G3  {nec  Walk.). 

$ .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  S.  congruus,  "Walk.,  but 
the  clypeus  is  markedly  subporrect,  projectiug  at  the  apex,  with  a 
blunt  tooth  at  each  side,  and  smooth,  pohshed,  and  shining,  not 
aciculate ;  the  median  segment  is  somewhat  shorter  and  more 
steeply  sloped ;  the  base  strongly  coarsely  striate,  with  a  triangular 
space  enclosed  by  convergent  furrows  continued  from  the  apex  of 
the  enclosure  to  the  apex  of  the  segment  as  a  deep  medial  furrow  ; 
the  sides  are  coarsely  reticulate;  with  a  large  oval  smooth  space  in 
the  middle.  Black  and  shining,  the  mandibles  in  the  middle,  the 
scape  of  the  antennsB,  and  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  the  anterior  and 
intermediate  legs  only  testaceous. 

Hah.  Ceylon.     $  Length  6  ;  exp.  11  mm.     d  unknown. 

Kohl  {l.  c.)  joins  these  two  species,  but  the  specimens  I  have 
seen  differ  as  above,  and  I  have  kept  them  separate. 


Genus  PASSALCECUS. 

Pemphredon,  pt.,  Van  d.  Lind.  Metn.  Acad.  Sc.  Belg.  v,  p.  78  (1829). 
Diodonotus,  pt.,  Curtis,  Brit.  Ent.  iv,  pi.  496  (1835). 
Passaloecus,  Shuck.  Fuss.  Hym.  p.  188  (1837). 

Type,  P.  insignis,  Van  d.  Lind. 
Range.  Palasarctic  and  Oriental  regions. 

Head  subquadrate,  wider  than  the  thorax ;  eyes  ovate,  reaching 
down  to  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  their 
inner  orbits  slightly  convergent  towards 
the  clypeus;  clypeus  transverse,  the 
labrum  shghtly  exserted,  entire  ;  thorax 
elongate  oval;  pronotum  transversely 
Linear;  mesonotum  convex,  gibbous 
anteriorly;  median  segment  elongate, 
slopmg  posteriorly,  not  truncate.  Wings 
—fore  wing  with  one  radial  and  two 
cubital  cells ;  radial  cell  long,  its  apex 
acute  ;  1st  cubital  cell  long,  three  times 
the  length  of  the  2nd,  which  is  con- 
stricted above  towards  the  radial  cell ;  the  1st  cubital  cell  receives 
the  Ist,  the  2nd  cubital  cell  the  2nd  recurrent  nervure.  Legs  short 
slender,  destitute  of  spines.  Abdomen  elongate,  cyhndrical-  the 
ventral  plate  of  the  basal  segment  formed  into  a  short  petiole  the 
2nd  segment  constricted  at  base.  ' 

So  far  as  I  know,  only  the  one  species  described  below  has  as  vet 
been  recorded  from  the  Oriental  region.  The  European  species 
make  their  nests  in  rose-stems,  old  pahngs,  &c. 


Fig.  75. 
Passalcecus  leuipes,  J . 


268 


SPHBGID^. 


492.  Passaloecus  levipes,  n.  sp. 

5 .  Head,  thorax  in  front,  and  abdomen  smooth,  median 
segment  coarsely  transversely  striate ;  clypeus  subtriangular, 
transverse  ;  front  of  the  face  and  head  strongly  concave ;  the 
cheeks  behind  the  eyes  widened ;  median  segment  subeylindrical 
with  the  apex  truncate ;  a  wide  shallow  median  longitudinal  furrow 
from  base  to  apex  of  truncation,  face  of  truncatiou  smooth  and 
shining ;  abdomen  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax  together,  petiole 
short.  Dark  obscure  green  ;  the  mandibles  at  base,  the  sca])e  and 
basal  three  joints  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennjB,  the  trochanters, 
base  and  apex  of  the  femora,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  the  anterior  and 
intermediate  legs,  and  the  trochanters,  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  the  posterior 
legs,  yellow ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  and  tegulse 
testaceous  yellow. 

Hah.  Karennee,  4000  ft.,  Tenasserim.  $  .  Length  8;  exp.  15  mm. 
cj  unknown.    Type  in  the  British  Museum. 


Genus  NYSSON. 

Mellinus,  pt.,  Fahr.  Bnt.  Syst.  ii,  p.  285  (1793). 
Nysson.  Latr.  Precis  Caract.  Gen.  Ins.  p.  126  (1796). 
Pompilus,  pt.,  Fabr.  Ent.  Si/st.  Suppl.  p.  246  (1798). 
Ceropales,  pt.,  Fabr.  Sijst.  Piez.  p.  185  (1804). 
Oxybelus,  pt.,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  316  (1804). 

Type,  iV.  spinosus,  Fabr. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  transverse,  as  wide  as  the  thorax  or  a  little  narrower : 

eyes  ovate,  ocelli  in  a  triangle  on  the 
vertex ;  antennae  inserted  at  the  base 
of  the  clypeus,  the  scape  short,  wader 
at  apex  than  at  base,  flagellum  shghtly 
incrassate  ;  clypeus  wider  than  high, 
rounded  anteriorly  ;  mandibles  uni- 
dentate.  Thorax  ovate,  the  prono- 
tum  transverse;  median  segment 
roundly  truncate,  with  a  stout  spine 
on  the  posterior  lateral  angles  ;  legs 

^.^  .  ^     ,      slender,  simple,    slightly  pubescent. 

Wings  broad:  fore  wing  with  one  radial  and  three  cubital  cells  ; 
the  radial  cell  long,  the  apex  acute,  stretching  beyond  tl^e  cubital 
cells;  1st  cubital  cell  longer  than  the  2nd  and  3rd  united,  the 
2ud  petiolate,  receiving  both  recurrent  nervures ;  the  3rd  equal 
to  the  2nd,  strongly  constricted  at  top.  Abdomen  pseudosessde, 
the  apex  more  or  less  curved  downw^ards ;  2nd  ventral  seg- 
ment produced  almost  at  right  angles  to  the  plane  of  the  1st 
segment. 


Fig.  76. 

Nysson  erythropoda,  5  • 


Key  to  the  Species. 

a.  Abdomen,  basal  segments  red  with  lateral 
yellow  spots  


N.  rugosus,  p.  269. 


NTsaoy. 


269 


b.  AMoraen,  basal  segments   black  with 
lateral  yellow  spots. 
a'.  Wings  hyaline  ;  with  a  yellow  stripe  on 

the  pronotiiui ;  legs  red   N.  erythropoda,  p.  269. 

6'.  Wings  fiisco-hyaline  ;  no  yellow  stripe 

on  the  pronotum  ;  legs  black   N.  basalts,  p.  209. 

493.  Nysson  rugosus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890, 

p.  242,  pi.  ix,  figs.  13  &  13a. 

?  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  coarsely  rugose  punctate,  clypeus 
with  the  apex  bidentate,  a  prominent  wedge-shaped  projection  on 
the  front  above  the  base  of  the  antennae  ;  median  segment  steeply 
sloped  and  concavo-truncate  posteriorly  ;  mesopleurae  prominent, 
punctured  but  not  carinate  beneath  near  the  sternum.  Eiack  ;  a 
spot  on  the  scape  in  front,  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  a 
short  transverse  line  at  the  base  of  the  scutellum,  the  anterior  and 
intermediate  coxae  in  front,  and  elongated  lateral  spots  on  the 
posterior  margins  of  the  basal  four  abdominal  segments,  yellow ;  the 
spots  on  the  3rd  and  4th  segments  small;  the  basal  segment  above, 
the  basal  two  segments  beneath,  and  the  legs  variegated  with  red; 
the  face  in  front,  the  vertex  and  cheeks,  and  the  sides  of  the  thorax 
vi'ith  silky  silvery  pile  inclining  to  golden  in  certain  lights  ;  wings 
fusco-hyaline. 

_  -ffaS.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.  2  •  Length  7 ;  exp.l^  mm.  Type 
ui  coll.  Eothney. 

494.  Nysson  erythropoda,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc  f4)  iii 

1890,  p.  242,  pi.  ix,  figs.  18  &  18  «. 

$  .  Clypeus  porrect,  finely  punctured,  the  apex  truncate  ;  the 
front  and  vertex  of  the  head,  the  scutellum,  and  postscutellura 
very  coarsely  and  strongly  punctiu-ed,  rugose :  the  middle  of  the 
pronotum,  the  mesonotum,  and  the  abdomen  above  less  coarsely  and 
more  widely  punctured,  the  punctures  on  the  abdomen  finer  and 
shallower ;  median  segment  coarsely  roughly  reticulate,  the  apex 
concavo-truncate,  its  upper  lateral  angles  tuberculate  ;  mesopleurse 
bulgmg,  prominent,  coarsely  punctured,  the  angle  below  keeled ; 
the  metapleuras  smooth,  the  sides  of  the  median  segment  coarsely 
punctured.  Black ;  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  a  spot 
at  the  base  of  the  scutellum,  and  lateral  elongate  spots  on  the  basal 
t\yo  abdominal  segments  yellow  ;  the  mandibles,  the  tegulas  of  the 
wings,  and  the  legs  red,  the  antenn£e  rufo-fuscous  ;  the  sides  of  the 
thorax  and  the  coxse  and  femora  of  the  legs  covered  with  glittering 
silvery  pile  ;  ^vings  hyaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  testaceous. 

Hab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.      $.  Length  6^ :   e.vp.  12  mm 
c?  unknown.    Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 

*495.  Nysson  basalis,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  355,  d;  Handl.  Sitznngsb. 
Akad.  Wiss.  Wien,  xcv,  1887,  p.  401 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L  Ph 
-Sbc.  (4)  lii,  1890,  p.  241. 

c?.  "  Length  4  lines  (8-5  mm.),— Black,  the  face  thinly  covered 


270 


SPHEGIDjE. 


with  silvery  pubescence  ;  the  apical  joint  of  the  antenna;  rufo- 
testaceous  ;  the  head  anrl  thorax  rugose  ;  the  posterior  angles  of 
the  reetathorax  covered  with  silvery  pubescence ;  the  wings  fusco- 
hyaline.  The  base  of  the  abdomen  covered  with  silvery  pile  ;  at 
the  lateral  apical  margins  of  the  basal  four  segments  an  elongate 
subovate  yellowish-white  macula,  each  in  succession  smaller  than 
on  the  basal  segment,  sometimes  a  minute  one  on  the  5th  segment ; 
the  lateral  apical  margins  of  the  6th  and  7th  segments  produced 
into  acute  spines,  the  apical  margin  of  the  7th  rounded. 
"  Hab.  India  (coll.  W.  W.  Saunders)." 

Genus  HELIORYCTES. 

Helioryctes,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  358. 

Type,  U.  melanopyrus,  Smith. 
Range.  Africa  (West  Coast) ;  India ;  Burma. 
"  Head  transverse,  about  the  width  of  the  thorax  ;  eyes  oval,  con- 
verging at  the  vertex  ;  the  stemmata  placed  in  a  triangle  towards 

the  vertex ;  antennae  short,  subfiliform, 
slightly  thickened  in  the  middle,  pointed 
at  the  apex ;  the  scape  short,  thick,  and 
cylindrical ;  the  first  joint  of  the  flagellum 
short,  about  half  the  length  of  the  second, 
the  rest  of  about  equal  length ;  mandi- 
bles toothed  within,  with  a  dentate  pro- 
Fig  77.  ^ 

cess    beneath    towards    the   base ;  the 
Helioryctes  ammilis,  $.       j^^^^^  concealed.    Thorax  rotundate,  the 

collar  narrow,  transverse ;  the  scutellum  transverse,  oblong- 
quadrate  ;  the  metathorax  truncated,  with  a  mucro  at  the  sides 
and  about  the  middle  of  the  truncation ;  the  superior  wings 
with  one  marginal  (radial)  and  three  submarginal  (cubital) 
cells ;  the  marginal  cell  elongate,  rounded  at  the  apex,  slightly 
appendiculate ;  the  first  submarginal  cell  elongate,  twice  the 
length  of  the  second  and  third  united ;  the  second  submarginal 
ceU  petiolated  ;  the  third  oblique,  of  nearly  equal  width  ;  the 
first  recurrent  nervure  received  by  the  first  submarginal  cell 
near  its  apex  ;  the  second  recurrent  nervure  entering  the  second 
submarginal  cell  near  its  apex;  the  legs  stout;  the  anterior 
tarsi  ciliated  outside,  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibiae  spinose ; 
the  claws  simple,  having  a  pulvillus  in  their  fork.  Abdomen  ovato- 
conic,  truncated  at  the  base,  the  apex  acute."—- Sfjm«/i. 

To  Mr  Smith's  accurate  and  fall  description  I  have  to  add  an 
important  particular— a  detail  of  character  which  seems  to  have 
been  overlooked.  Tlie  posterior  coxce  are  armed  at  tlieir  apex,  in 
both  2  and  6,  with  a  long  acute  spine  pointing  backwards.  In  the 
tvpe  of  the  genus,  the  posterior  coxa  of  which  is  figured  above, 
this  is  very  prominent;  but  in  the  Indian  species  described  below 
the  spine  is  reduced  to  an  obscure  tubercle  on  the  underside  of 

^^^E^melanopijrus,  on  which  this  genus  was  founded,  is  from  the 


HELIOByCTES. — G0RYTB8. 


271 


GtiTubia  district  in  West  Africa.  From  West  Africa  also  there  is 
in  the  collection  of  the  British  Museum  one  specimen  of  a  third 
species  of  this  genus,  possessing  the  characters  as  given  by  Smith, 
and  also  the  coxal  spines.  In  the  collection  it  stands  as  Para- 
nysson  abdominah,  Guerin,  and  answers  well  enough  to  Guerin's 
brief  description  so  far  as  this  goes.  The  genus  Paranysson  was 
indicated  (scarcely  diagnosed)  by  Guerin  in  his  '  Iconographie  du 
E^gne  Animal  de  G.  Cuvier :  Insectes,'  p.  441;  but  the  description 
was  so  slight  and  incomplete  that  in  my  opinion  Smith's  name 
for  the  genus  must  stand.  I  may  further  note  that  Handlirsch 
(Sitzungsb.  Aijad.  Wiss.  Wien,  1887,  p.  282)  unites  Paranysson 
with  Nysson. 

496.  Helioryctes  assimilis,  n.  sp. 

?  S  ■  Head,  the  clypeus  and  front  to  a  little  above  the  base  of 
the  antennae,  the  cheeks,  and  the  sides  and  apex  of  the  mesonotum 
and  of  the  median  segment  densely  pilose ;  the  front  above,  the 
pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum  and  postscutellum  finely  and 
closely  punctured ;  the  vertex  of  the  head  more  sparingly  punc- 
tured ;  median  segment  with  a  large  triangular  space  at  base 
enclosed  by  fine  convergent  carinaB,  coarsely  reticulate,  the 
sides  under  the  pile  smooth  ;  abdomen  broad,  as  long  nearly  as 
the  head  and  thorax  together,  subcordate,  smooth  and  shining,  the 
base  slightly  concave.  Black,  the  abdomen  dark  red  ;  the  femora, 
tibiae,  and  tarsi  of  the  legs  piceous,  the  dense  pile  on  the  head  and 
thorax  silvery ;  wings  hyaline,  lightly  but  broadly  fuscous  on  their 
apical  margins,  nervures  and  tegulae" fuscous  brown. 

Hah.  Sikhim;  Tenasserim.     $  d .  Length  6-7;  exp.  10  mm. 

Genus  GORYTES. 

Crabro,  pt.,  Fair.  Syst.  Ent.  p.  373  (1775). 
Mellinua,  pt.,  Fair.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  285  (1793). 
Pompihis,  pt.,  Fabr.  Syst.  'PIpz.  p.  187  (1804). 
Ceropales,  pt.,  Fahr.  Si/st.  Piez.  p.  185  (1804). 
Gorytes,  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  xiii,  p.  308  (1805), 
Arpactus,  Jurine,  Hym.  p.  192  (1807). 

Hoplisus,  Euspono-ns.  Lestiforus,  Psatnmoecius,  Lepel.  Ann.  Soo. 
Ent.  Fr.  i,  p.  50  (1832). 

Megalorama,  pt.,  Smith,  A.  M.  N.  H.  (4)  xiii,  p.  405  (1873). 
Type,  G.  mystaceus.  Linn. 
Ranqe.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  transverse ;  eyes  oval,  the  inner  orbits  convergent  towards 
the  clvpeus  or  parallel,  sometimes  convergent  in  the  female,  parallel 
m  the  male ;  shape  of  clypeus  dependent  on  convergence  or  other- 
wise of  the  eyes  below;  mandibles  bidentate;  labrum  exserted 
and  fringed  with  long  setae;  antennae  inserted  just  above  the  base 
of  the  clvpeus,  the  flagellum  shghtly  incrassate  or  filiform  ;  ocelli 
in  a  curve  placed  well  forward  on  or  just  below  the  vertex 
Thorax  ovate ;  the  pronotum  tranaverse ;  the  scutellum  transverse^ 


272 


SPHBGlDiB. 


rather  long  ;  median  segment  rounded,  sometimes  gibbous  poste- 
riorly, a  small  triangular  space  at  base 
enclosed  by  furrows  always  present ; 
legs  of  moderate  length,  stout,  the  tro- 
chanters two-jointed  ;  anterior  tarsi 
ciliated  ;  the  intermediate  tibias  with  two 
apical  spines.  Wings  somewhat  broad  in 
proportion :  fore  wing  with  one  radial 
and  three  cubital  cells,  the  radial  cell 
GorytesSi^-  h  elongate;  the  1st  cubital  cell  on  the 
"  cubital  nervure  about  the  same  length 

as  the  2nd  and  3rd  united ;  the  2nd  strongly  narrowed  towards 
the  radial,  receiving  both  recurrent  nervures;  the  3rd  quad- 
rangular and  oblique.  Abdomen  ovato-conic,  curved  at  apex ;  the 
basal  segment  often  narrowed  or  subpetiolate  campannliform,  or 
even  produced  into  a  lengthened  somewhat  slender  petiole ;  the 
2nd  ventral  segment  in  some  species  suddenly  produced  at  right 
angles  with  the  plane  of  the  1st  segment. 

Key  to  the  Sjiecies. 

A.  Eyes  convergent  below. 

a.  Basal  abdominal  segment  black. 

a'.  Fore  wing  fasciated.    Length,  $  5-6 

^^m^,   _  °_   G.  ornaius,  p.  2,  J. 

h'.  Fore  wing  not  fasciated.    Length,  2 

9-13  mm   G.  alipes,^. 

b.  Basal  abdominal  segment  red    G.  amaiorius  ? ,  p.  J/d. 

B.  Eves  not  convergent  below  ;  inuer  orbits 

parallel.  .. 

a.  Basal  segment  formed  into  a  long  petiole .  .    G.  ffree7iii,  p.  Zil. 

b.  Basal  segment  not  formed  into  a  petiole, 

hut  attenuated  at  base. 
a'.  Head  and  thorax  black.  ^    •     ,  o-q 

a\  Basal  abdominal  segment  red   G.  amatorius  cS,V-^' 

J^  Basal  abdominal  segment  black. 

aK  Clypeus,  5  ,  entirely  yellow    ....    G.  tmpger,  p.  2/4. 
Clvpeus  black,  with  a  short  yellow 
streak  on  each  side  at  base    ....     G.  politus,  p. 
v.  Head  and  thorax  entirely  red  varie- 
gated with  yellow,  or  red  variegated 
with  yellow  and  a  Uttle  black    G.  pictus,  p.  2/  5. 

497.  Gorytes  omatus.  ^  c-^  j. 

Harpactus  ornatus,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.371,  $;  Handl.  Sitzur,9sb. 

Akad.  Wiss.  Wien,  xcvii,  1888,  p.  443;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L. 

Ph.  Sue.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  239. 
0  Head  and  thorax  and  2nd  abdominal  segment  very  sparsely 
nunctured,  rest  of  abdomen  smooth  and  shining;  head  broad,  eyes 
distinctly  divergent  at  vertex  ;  a  deep  furrow  between  tbe  meso- 
notum  and  scutellum,  the  enclosed  space  at  the  base  ot  the  meduin 
segment  rugose.  Black  ;  the  scape  in  front,  the  clypeus,  a  me 
al?ng  the  inner  orbits  of  the  eyes,  the  labrum,  palpi,  ^nd  mandibles 
yellow  a  ferruginous  stain  along  the  eyes  at  top  and  behind  the 


GOEYTBS. 


273 


vertex ;  the  thorax  red  ;  the  abdomen  with  a  narrow  transverse 
band  on  the  apical  margin  of  the  2nd  segment  white,  the  band 
broadening  on  the  side  of  the  segment  into  a  large  ovate  macula, 
the  5th  settment  white  above ;  legs  black,  variegated  with  rufous  ; 
wings  hyahne,  with  a  faint  subapical  cloud  crossing  the  front  wing. 
Hah.  Northern  India;  Burma.     $  .  Length  5-6;  exp.  11  mm. 

498.  Goryies  alipes,  n.  sp. 

$  S .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  obscurely  pruinose,  eyes 
strongly  convergent  below  ;  clypeus  narrowly  triangular,  convex, 
its  anterior  margin  transverse ;  front  with  a  vertically  impressed 
line  ;  median  segment  slightly  compressed  laterally,  roundly  trun- 
cate posteriorly ;  a  triangular  space  at  base  smooth  and  shining-, 
enclosed  by  shallow  convergent  fuiTows,  which,  after  junction,  are 
continued  as  a  single  furrow  to  the  apex  of  the  segment ;  abdomen 
with  the  basal  segment  forming  a  stout  petiole.  Black,  the 
clypeus,  scape  of  the  antennae,  a  line  on  the  pronotum  posteriorly,, 
a  line  on  the  anterior  lateral  margins  of  the  mesonotum,  the  post- 
scutellum,  the  anterior  and  intermediate  femora,  tibiae,  and  tarsi, 
the  posterior  tibife  and  tarsi,  and  the  apical  margins  broadly  of  the 
basal  four  segments  of  the  abdomen  yellow ;  the  intermediate 
femora  and  the  posterior  tibiae  black  above,  the  transverse  band  on 
the  basal  abdominal  segment  emarginate  in  the  middle,  and  the 
bands  on  the  remaining  segments  very  wide  laterally  ;  clypeus 
covered  with  a  dense  silvery  pile,  flagellum  of  antennae  beneath 
fulvous  :  wings  hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulae  testaceous. 

Hah.  Bombay  ;  Malabar  coast ;  Tenasserim.     5  •  Length  9-13  ; 
exp.  17-25  mm.     c?  slightly  smaller. 

499.  Gorytes  amatorins,  Smith,  Tr.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  39,  5  ; 
Hancll.  Sitzuiiqsb.  Akad.  Wiss.  Wien,  xcvii,  1888,  p.  536 ;  Cam. 
Mem.  Mancli.L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  240,  pi.  ix,  fig.  15. 

2  .  Vertex  of  the  head  and  thorax  coarsely  punctured,  the 
punctures  sparser  and  coarser  on  the  thorax  than  on  the  head, 
the  median  segment  and  abdomen  smooth,  shining,  almost  im- 
punctate;  the  eyes  strongly  convergent  below;  clypeus  narrow 
laterally,  almost  twice  as  high  as  it  is  broad ;  front  above  the 
antennae  slightly  concave,  with  a  medial  verticallv-impi-essed  line; 
median  segment  roundly  truncate  posteriorly.  Black,  the  clypeus 
with  thick  silvery  pile,  the  apex  and  sides  of  the  median  segment 
with  a  thin,  short,  hoary  pubescence ;  the  scape  of  the  antennae,  a 
line  on  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  a  spot  above  the  tegulae,  the 
postscutellum,  a  broad  transverse  band  (sometimes  interrupted)  at 
the  apex  of  the  basal  abdominal  segment,  and  narrower  transverse 
anteriorly  bi-emarginate  lines  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the 
succeeding  four  segments  white,  the  basal  abdominal  segment  and 
the  coxae,  femora,  and  the  tibias  anteriorly  ferruginous,  the  tibite 
posteriorly  and  the  tarsi  white,  the  apical  joint  of  the  posterior 
tarsi  black ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulffi  testaceous. 

(S  similar  :  differs  in  having  the  inner  orbits  of  the  eyes  nearly 
VOL.  I.  i 


274 


sph£gjd;e. 


parallel,  not  strongly  convergent  towards  the  clypeus ;  the  clypeus 
in  consequence  much  broader,  rounded  anteriorly,  black,  not 
yellow  :  the  legs  more  reddish  ;  and  the  wings  hyaline,  with  a  sub- 
apical  fuscous  spot  on  the  fore  wing. 

Hah.  Burrackpore  ;  Bombay.  $  .  Length  7  ;  exp.  14  mm. 
cf  .  Length  6  ;  c.vj>.  14  mm. 

It  is  with  some  hesitation  I  have  assigned  a  J  from  Bombay  to 
the  2  type  of  this  species  from  Barrackpore ;  but  the  sculpture 
and  markings  are  identical  almost,  notwithstanding  the  parallel 
non-convergent  eyes  and  the  maculated  fore  wing. 

500.  Gorjrtes  greeni,  mnffk.  P.  Z.  S.  1896,  p.  444,  ? ,  pi.  xv,  fig.  8. 

$  .  Head  not  so  broad  as  the  thorax,  smooth,  the  front  con- 
cave, medially  finely  furrowed,  and  with  a  few  scattered  fine 
punctures,  obscurely  pilose  ;  clypeus  transversely  oval,  slightly 
pubescent;  pronotum  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shinmg ;  meso- 
notum  very  finely,  rather  irregularly,  longitudinally  striate ;  scu- 
tellum,  postscuteilum,  and  the  enclosed  triangular  space  at  the  base 
of  the  median  segment  more  coarsely  longitudinally  striate ;  sides 
and  apex  of  the  median  segment  pubescent,  irregularly  reticulate 
beneath  the  pubescence  ;  pro-  and  mesopleurse  with  obscure  longi- 
tudinal fine  striffi.    Brownish  red,  the  abdomen,  except  at  base 
and  apex  of  petiole  and  base  of  2nd  segment,  much  darker,  almost 
black  -  the  scape,  a  narrow  line  not  reaching  the  \ertex  on  the 
inner  orbits,  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  a  broad  stripe  on  the 
posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  scutellum,  a  fine  line  pos- 
teriorly on  the  postscuteilum,  a  broad  band  on  the  apical  margin 
of  the"2nd  abdominal  segment,  a  narrower,  rather  obscure  line  on 
the  apical  margins  of  the  3rd  and  4th,  and  a  broader  one  on  the 
apical  margin  of  the  5th,  yellow ;  wings  light  flavo-hyaline  and 
iridescent,  the  fore  wing  with  a  subapical  large  brown  macula  on 
the  costal  margin ;  tegular  and  stigma  testaceous,  nervures  brown. 
Mab.  Ceylon.     5  .  Length  14 ;  exp.  32  mm.     d  unknown 
The  figure  in  the  plate  of  the  P.  Z.  S.  has  the  petiole  a  tnfle 
too  long.    This  species  belongs  to  the  section  separated  by  bmith 
as  Megalomma. 

501.  Gorytes  impiger,  u.  sp. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  rather  coarsely  and  abdo- 
men at  the  bases  of  the  segments  rather  finely 
punctured,  the  margins  of  the  segments  smooth ; 
clypeus  transverse,  the  front  with  a  faintly  im- 
pressed vertical  line ;  the  enclosed  triangular 
space  at  the  base  of  the  median  segment  coarsely 
longitudinally  striate,  with  the  limiting  furrows 
well  marked.  Dull  dark  brown,  the  mandibles, 
.  .  the  clypeus,  a  broad  line  on  the  inner  orbits 
pig.79  ^bo„t-'Llf«ay  up  the  front,  a  very  fine  hue 

^"     in  the  middle  of  the  outer  orbits,  the  scape 
of  the  antennae,  a  broad  line  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the 


GOBYTEB. 


275 


pronotiim  and  of  the  scutellum,  the  tubercles,  a  spot  behind 
them,  the  auterior  aud  intermediate  femora,  tibiaa,  and  tarsi, 
and  broad  transverse  fasciae  on  the  postei-ior  margins  of  the 
lst-4th  segments  of  the  abdomen  above  yellow;  the  Hagellum  of 
the  antenute,  the  anterior  and  intermediate  femora  beneath,  and 
the  posterior  femora,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  Hght  ferruginous  yellow  ; 
wings  hyahne,  the  nervures  and  tegulae  testaceous  yellow,  the 
radial,  the  2nd  cubital,  and  the  upper  half  of  the  3rd  cubital  cell 
iu  the  fore  wing  clouded  with  fuscous  brown. 

Hab.  Tenasserim.     $.  Length  8;  exp.  17  mm.     c?  unknown. 
Type  iu  the  British  Museum. 

502.  Gorytes  politus,  n.  sp. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  closely  and  finely  punctured,  the  sides  of 
the  face  and  the  clypeus  densely  and  the  abdomen  lightly  pruinose, 
clypeus  subtriangular,  interior  orbits  of  the  eyes  parallel ;  the 
enclosed  triangular  space  at  the  base  of  the  median  segment  with 
the  limiting  furrows  well-marked,  the  entire  median  segment 
posteriorly  longitudinally  striate.  Black,  the  clypeus  and  sides  of 
the  face  with  dense  silvery  pile,  an  abbreviated  yellow  line  on  the 
upper  lateral  margins  of  the  clypeus  ;  a  line  on  the  pronotum,  the 
tubercles,  a  broad  line  on  the  scutellum,  and  broad  subapical 
transverse  fasciae  on  the  lst-4th  segments  of  the  abdomen 
above  yellow ;  the  margins  of  the  segments  narrowly  testaceous 
brown ;  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae  beneath  and  at  base  above 
and  the  legs  fusco-ferruginous  ;  wings  hyaline,  the  nervures  and 
tegulae  testaceous,  the  costal  margin  of  the  fore  wing  at  base 
narrowly  and  at  apex  broadly  fuscous. 

Bab.  Bombay;  Western  India.     5.  Length  11;  e.vp.  22  mm. 
cJ  unknown.    Type  in  the  British  Museum. 

503.  Gorytes  pictus,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  365,  $  ;  JIandl.  Sitzimgsh. 

Akad.  Wiss.  Wien,  xcvii,  1888,  p.  537 :  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L. 
Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  240. 
Gorytes  tricolor,  Smith,  Trans.  JEnt.  Soc.  1875,  p.  40,  J  <j" . 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  with  a  few  shallow  scattered 
punctures,  almost  smooth  ;  head  about  as  wide  as  the  thorax,  face 
and  front  slightly  concave,  eyes  not  convergent  below ;  clypeus 
transverse,  slightly  convex  ;  median  segment  compressed,  rounded 
posteriorly,  almost  truncate,  the  enclosed  triangular  space  at 
base  longitudinally  striate.  Head  black;  thorax  and  abdomen 
reddish  ;  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  the  upper  two-thirds  of  the 
clypeus,  an  elongate  spot  on  the  inner  orbits  above  the  base  of 
the  antennae,  a  spot  in  front  on  the  apex  of  the  scape,  a  line  on 
the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  a  broad  stripe  posteriorly  on  the 
scutellum,  and  a  medially-interrupted  obscure  line  on  the  pos- 
terior margin  of  the  basal  abdominal  segment,  yellow;  the  pronotum 
in  front,  the  base  of  the  scutellum,  the  postscutellum,  the  enclosed 
space  at  the  base  of  the  median  segment,  the  base  broadly  of  the 
2nd  abdominal  segment,  narrowly  of  the  3rd  and  4th,  and  the  whole 

T  2 


276 


BPUEGIDjE. 


of  the  apical  two  segments  black ;  the  apical  margin  narrowly  of 
the  2nd  segment  and  broadly  of  the  3rd  and  4th  fulvous  brown  ; 
the  antenna}  and  legs  pale  reddish ;  wings  hyaline,  with  a  large 
fuscous  subapical  spot  on  the  fore  wing.  ,      ■, ,  a 

Var  The  black  on  the  thorax  and  abdomen  replaced  by  red  ana 
the  fulvous  brown  on  the  2nd-4th  abdominal  segments  replaced  by 
bright  yellow ;  some  specimens  with  the  red  colounng  have  the 
bases  of  the  2ud-4th  abdominal  segments  black,  as  m  the  typical 

^.^^d's^miiar,  but  the  clypeus  and  face  up  to  the  base  of  the 
antennae  entirely  yellow.  ,  ^  n 

Hah.  Barrackpore;  Calcutta;  Madras.     ?.  Length  7-9;  exi?. 

16-18  mm. 


Genus  STIZUS. 

Sphex,  pt.,  Fabr.  Syst.  Ent.  p.  346  (1775). 
CU^,  V,  Fair.  Ijst.  Ent%.  373  (mSV 

Wiss.  Wien,  ci,  1892,  p.  26. 
Larra,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  337  (1856). 

Type,  S.  nificornis,  I'abr. 

Banne.  Both  hemispheres.  f^„„+ 
Head  subglobose,  generally  not  so  wide  as  the  thorax  ;  front 
slightly  concave;  ocelH  placed  in  a  triangle  on  the  vertex;  eyes 
We  ovate,  their  inner  orbits  parallel,  often  sbghtly  convergent 
towards  the  clypeus ;  clypeus  transverse,  broader  than  long ;  labrum 
Ts::t:AXtZt  so  ikedlyas  in  its  ^-^^^^-^l^ 

rounded  ;  mandibles  not  dentate  within  nor  incised  on  their  outer 
Margin  ;  antenna,  more  or  less  filiform,  in  the  male  the  apical  ]o  nts 
Xn  abnormal,  spined,  curved,  &c  ;  thorax  stout ;  the  pronotum 
transverse  ;  the  median  segment  of  varying  f°rm,  gene  a Uy  sho^^^^^ 
truncate  posteriorly,  --times^conc^^^^^^^^  sides 

moderately  long,  the  anterior  tarsi 
in  the  female  ciliated  with  long 
spines ;  the  coxsb  massive,  the  inter- 
mediate tibiae  with  two  apical  spines; 
the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibiae 
and  tarsi  moderately  spinose,  claws 
simple  :  wings  of  moderate  length ; 
fore  wing  with  one  radial  and  three 
cubital  cells,  the  radial  ceU  short ; 
the  1st  cubital  cell,  measured  on 


Fig.  80.— Stizus  rufescens,  2  ■  \- 


STIZUS. 


277 


radial  cell :  abdomen  elongate,  massive,  the  1st  segment  never 
petiolate  or  narrowed,  its  base  generally  truncate  or  steeply  sloped ; 
no  furrow  between  the  1st  and  2nd  ventral  segments ;  pygidium 
bare,  convex,  the  apex  rounded,  margined. 

Very  little  is  known  of  the  habits  of  the  species  of  this  genus. 
In  Burma  -S".  rufescens,  Smith,  was  common  in  the  hot  weather  on 
the  sandy  banks  of  rivers,  sitting  on  the  damp  sand  in  company 
with  Megachile,  Nomia,  Bemhex,  &c.  I  never  found  its  nest,  but 
once  caught  a  $  carrying  a  small  Cicada. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Wings  fuscous. 

a.  Wings  not  hyaline  at  base  or  apex  .... 

b.  Wings  hyaline  at  base  and  at  apex. 
a'.  Apical  three  segments  of  abdomen. 

red   

b'.  2nd  and  3rd  and  base  of  4th  segment 
of  abdomen  only  red  

c.  Wings  hyaline  at  apex  of  fore  wing  only. 

B.  Wings  flavo-hyaline. 

a.  Median  segment  striate  at  apex  

b.  Median  segment  not  striate. 
a'.  Eyes  with  the  inner  orbits  parallel. 

Length  20-25  mm  

b'.  Eyes  with  the  inner  orbits  divergent 
towards  the  apex.  Length  14-20 
mm  

C.  Wings  clear  hyahne. 

a.  Head  yellow,  vertex  only  black.  Length 

ly  mm  

b.  Head  black,  the  clypeus,  a  line  along  the 

inner  orbit,  and  the  scape  of  the  an- 
tennse  only  3'eUow.    Length  7-10  mm. 
a' .  Vertex  around  the  ocehi  punctm'ed ; 
mesonotum    anteriorly  with  two 
parallel    longitudinaUy  impressed 

lines  

b'.  Vertex  and  mesonotum  smooth. 
a^.  The  yellow  markings  on  the  thorax 
and  abdomen  large,  conspicuous . 
b^.  The  yehow  markings  on  the  thorax 
and  abdomen  small  and  not  con- 
spicuous   

504.  Stizus  vespiformis. 

Sphex  vespiformis,  Fabr.  Spec.  Inn.  i,  p.  447. 

Stizus  vespiformis,  Dahlh.  Ilym.  Eur.  i,  p.  154  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch. 
L.  Ph.  Hoc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  245  ;  Handl.  Sitzuiigsb.  Akad.  Wiss. 
Wien,  ci,  1892,  p.  147. 

$  .  Head,  pronotum,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining  ;  meso- 
notum,  scutellum,   postscutellum,   and    median  segment  with 


S.  vespiformis,  p.  277. 

S.  caloptery.v,  p.  278. 

S.  cornutiis,  p.  278. 
S.  blandinus,  p.  279. 

S.  mellem,  p.  280. 
<S.  rufescens,  p.  280. 
S.  biclipeatus,  p.  279. 

S.  melano.vanthus,  p.  283. 

S.  reversus,  p.  281. 
S.  lateralis,  p.  281. 
S.  prismaticus,  p.  282. 


278 


SPHEGID^. 


very  minute  and  close  but  shallow  punctures  ;  head  not  i\mte 
80  wide  as  the  thorax  ;  the  clypeus  broad  anteriorly,  broadly  but 
not  deeply  emarginate,  the  sides  oblique,  the  front  flat ;  the 
anterior  ocellus  in  a  slight  hollow ;  mesonotum  anteriorly  with  a 
short,  shallow,  medial  longitudinal  furrow  ;  median  segment  with 
a  semicircular  line  furrow  about  midway  ;  abdomen  stout,  broad, 
much  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax  uuited.  Head,  pronotum, 
anterior  femora  at  apex,  the  tibias,  tarsi,  and  2nd  and  following 
segments  of  the  abdomen  red ;  the  thorax  and  basal  abdominal 
segment  black ;  the  clypeus  covered  with  a  thin  silvery  pile ;  wings 
fuscous,  with  a  purple  eif ulgence. 

similar,  but  the  base  of  the  clypeus,  the  vertex  and  head  pos- 
teriorly, and  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment  of  the  abdomen  black. 

Hab.  Punjab;  North- West  Provinces;  Madras.  $.  Length 
22-25  ;  exp.  40-45  mm.     d  •  Length  17-20;  e.vp.  40-43  mm. 

505.  Stizus  calopteryx. 

Larra  fasciata,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  Suppl.  p.  253  (nee  Bemhex  {rede 
Stizus)  fasciata,  Fahr.  Spec.  Ins.  i,  p.  458)  ;  SmiiJ},  Cat.  iv,  p.  342. 

Stizus  fasciatus,  Cum.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890, 
p.  244. 

Stizus  calopteryx,  Handl.  Sitzungsb.  Akad.  Wiss.  Wien,  ci,  1892, 
p.  110. 

5 .  Head,  pronotum,  scutellum,  postscutellum,  and  base  of 
median  segment  rather  sparsely  but  finely,  mesonotum  and 
abdomen  more  closely  punctured  ;  clypeus  convex,  almost  trans- 
versely rectangular,  its  anterior  border  very  shghtly  emarginate  ; 
the  enclosed  space  at  the  base  of  the  median  segment  shining, 
rather  sparsely  but  strongly  punctured,  with  a  trace  of  a  medial 
longitudinal  furrow  which  is  continued  down  to  the  apex  of  the 
segment.  Light  red,  the  posterior  face  of  the  median  segment 
and  the  basal  three  abdominal  segments  black  ;  wings  fuscous,  with 
a  brilliant  purple  effulgence,  broadly  hyaline  at  base  and  apex. 

cj  similar,  more  slender,  light  red,  the  front  and  vertex  of  the 
head  more  or  less,  the  mesonotum  except  a  broad  line  laterally, 
the  scutellum,  postscutellum,  median  segment,  basal  three  abdo- 
minal segments  and  basal  half  of  the  4th  black. 

Hab.  Sikhim  ;  Barrackpore  ;  Bangalore.  ?  .  Length  16-20  ; 
exp.  30-36  mm.     6  .  Length  13  ;  exp.  26  mm. 

506.  Stizus  cornutus. 

Larra  cornnta,  Smith,  A.  M.  N.  S.  (4)  xii,  1873,  p.  403,  2  • 
Stizus  cornutus,  Handl.  Sitzungsb.  Akad.  Wiss.  Wien,  ci,  1892, 
p.  112 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  244. 

5  .  Head  opaque,  densely  pilose  on  the  front,  the  pile  thin  and 
sparse  on  the  vertex  and  cheeks  ;  pronotum  smooth ;  mesonotum 
and  scutellum  densely  pruinose,  with  a  medial  longitudinally 
impressed  line  on  the  disc  of  the  former,  and  two  other  lateral 
parallel  extremely  short  lines  closer  to  the  teguh-e  ;  postscutelliim, 
the  base  narrowly  and  the  sides  more  broadly  of  the  median 


STIZUS. 


279 


segment  closely  and  finely  punctured,  the  posterior  half  of  the 
segment  densely  pubescent;  abdomen  smooth,  sliglitly  shining, 
the  base  densely  pilose,  the  apical  segment  above  with  short  stiff 
hairs.  Black,  the  pile  on  the  head  and  at  the  base  of  the  abdomen, 
and  the  long  pubescence  on  the  median  segment  silvery ;  the  2nd, 
3rd,  and  base  of  the  4th  abdominal  segment  red  :  wings  dark 
fuscous,  with  a  purple  effulgence,  silvery  hyaline  at  base  up  to 
the  line  of  the  basal  nervure  of  fore  wing,  and  at  apex  of  the  fore 
wing  from  beyond  the  3rd  cubital  cell. 

Hah.  Bombay.     $  .  Length  19  ;  exp.  36  mm. 

507.  Stizus  hlandinus. 

Lan-a  blancliiia,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  340,  $  c?- 

Stizus  blandinus,  Cam.  Mem.  Munch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  244  ; 
I£a7idL  Sitzungsb.  Akad.  Wiss.  Wien,  ci,  1892,  p.  107. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  very  finely  and  closely  punctured ; 
clypeus  convex,  broad,  the  anterior  border  emarginate  in  the 
middle,  obhque  at  the  sides ;  median  segment  convex  medially  at 
base  and  slightly  pubescent.  Black,  the  2nd  and  following 
segments  of  the  abdomen  red  ;  wings  dark  fuscous  with  a  purple 
effulgence,  the  apex  of  the  fore  wing  broadly  hyaline  ;  the  clypeus, 
front  of  the  face,  and  legs  with  silvery  pile. 

cJ  similar,  more  pubescent,  the  pubescence  silvery  on  the 
median  segment,  fulvous  on  the  apical  three  abdominal  segments. 

Hab.  Calcutta ;  North  India  {Smith)  ;  Allahabad.  $  d  •  Length 
16-20  ;  exp.  35-38  mm. 

508.  Stizus  biclipeatus. 

Vespa  biclipeata,  Christ,  Natiirg.  d.  Ins.  p.  223,  tab.  xix,  fig.  6,  5 . 
Larra  cingulata,  Fahr.  Ent.  Syst.  Stippl.  p.  253. 
Larra  nubilipemiis,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  347,  $ . 

Stizus  biclipeatus,  Randl.  Sitziinff.^b.  Akad.  Wiss.  Wien,  ci,  1892, 
p.  137,  pi.  ii,  fig.  15. 
2  .  Head  and  thorax  opaque,  finely  and  very  closely  punctured, 
the  punctures  shallow ;  the  clypeus  and  front  above  the  base  of 
the  antennae  thinly  pilose  ;  median  segment  densely  pubescent,  the 
front  between  the  antenna  raised,  convex,  with  a  medial  impressed 
line  running  up  to  the  anterior  ocellus ;  eyes  moderately  divergent 
at  top ;  median  segment  short,  steeply  sloped  from  base  and 
concavo-truncate  at  apex,  the  sides  not  produced  back  ;  abdomen 
smooth,  slightly  shining.  Honey-yellow ;  a  transverse  stripe  on 
the  vertex  between  the  eyes,  a  spot  surrounding  the  anterior 
ocellus,  the  mesonotum  (in  the  majority  of  specimens),  the  meso- 
and  the  metapleurse,  a  crescentic  marlc  on  the  median  segment 
above,  one  or  two  oblique  stripes  on  the  truncated  portion,  and 
a  transverse  band  on  the  apical  margins  of  the  basal  two  abdomiiial 
segments  black,  with  some  indistinct  fuscous  and  ferruginous 
marks  on  the  remaining  segments ;  the  mesonotum  anteriorly  with 
two  abbreviated  longitudinal  lateral  stripes  yellow  ;  wings  fulvo- 
hyaline,  a  subapical  fuscous  cloud  occupying  the  radial  and  2nd  and 
3rd  cubital  cells  of  fore  wing. 


280  bphegid;e. 


Var.  The  antennsB,  mesonotum,  and  basal  abdominal  segment 
rufo-fulvoLis ;  the  mesonotum  yellow,  with  three  parallel  longi- 
tudinal black  strijjes. 

cT  similar,  bat  darker  on  the  whole. 

JIab.  The  Punjab ;  Ahmedabad,  "Western  India ;  Allahabad  ; 
Sikhim  ;  Pegu  Hills,  Burma.  $  .  Length  14-18  ;  exj).  28-34  mm. 
<J.  Length  13-17;  ea^y  26-32  mm, 

509.  Stizus  rufescens. 

?  Stizus  delessertii,  Gu6r.  loon.  Rbgn.  Anini.  iii,  p.  439. 
Larra  nifeseens,  8mith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  349,  2  . 

Stizus  rufescens,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soo.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  245 ; 
HandL  Sitzunc/sb.  Akad.  Wiss.  Wkn,  ci,  1892,  p.  138. 

2  (J  •  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  B.  hiclipeatus,  but  con- 
stantly larger.  It  is  a  very  variable  insect,  but  the  type  has  the 
head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  very  minutely  punctured,  with  a  very 
■fine  short  erect  hair  springing  from  each  punctm-e;  clypeus  much 
broader  than  high,  slightly  convex,  pointed  laterally,  widely  emar- 
ginate  in  the  middle  anteriorly;  the  enclosed  space  at  the  base 
of  the  median  segment  semicircular,  with  a  short  medial  longi- 
tudinal furrow  continued  down  the  posterior  truncated  face  of  the 
segment  to  the  apex.  Eufo-fulvous,  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  the 
labrum,  clypeus,  antennae  in  front,  cheeks,  pronotum,  postscu- 
tellum,  an  arched  stripe  on  the  median  segment,  a  large  rounded 
lateral  spot  on  the  2nd,  and  an  elongate  lateral  spot  at  the  base 
of  the  3rd  abdominal  segment  yellow  ;  legs  variegated  with  yellow  ; 
wings  deep  flavo-  or  fulvo-hyaline,  with  a  subapical  fuscous  cloud 
an  the  fore  wing. 

Var.  A  broad  T-shaped  mark  on  the  vertex  and  front  of  the 
head,  a  broad  longitudinal  stripe  on  each  side  on  the  naesonotum, 
joined  by  a  transverse  stripe  anteriorly,  an  arched  stripe  on  the 
median  segment,  the  propleurse,  the  mesopleuraj  posteriorly,  the 
metapleurse  and  sides  of  the  median  segment,  and  broad  trans- 
verse bands  on  the  basal  four  segments  of  the  abdomen  black. 
Between  these  two  extreme  forms  numerous  variations  in  the 
amount  and  disposition  of  the  yellow  and  black  markings  occur. 

Bob.  Throughout  India  south  of  the  Himalayas,  not  ascendmg 
the  hills  to  any  height ;  Ceylon  ;  Burma ;  China.  $  6  •  Length 
20-25  ;  exp.  40-48  mm.  . 

I  have  wholly  fniled  to  make  out  Guerin's  species  S.  delessertii ;  his 
description  would  stand  fairly  m  ell  for  one  variety  of  Smith's  species. 

510.  Stizus  malleus. 

Larra  mellea,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  346,  $  .  _ 

Stizus  melleus,  Catn.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)ni,  1890,  p.  244; 

Hnndl.  SHzunrjsb.  Akad.  Wiss.  Wien,  ci,  1892,  p.  171. 
Stizus  orieutalis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soe.  (4)  in,  1890, 

p.  245,  ? . 

'  5.  Head  aud  thorax  finely  punclnred;  clj'peus  convex, 
widely  emarginate  anteriorly,  the  sides  oblifiue ;  front  flat,  a 
V-shaped  indistinct  furrow  from  the  sides  of  the  ocelli  to  the  base 


STIZUS. 


281 


oF  the  anteuiiiB :  thorax  covered  with  erect  soft  hairs ;  median 
segment  short  posteriorly,  concavo-truncate,  the  truncation  trans- 
versely striate ;  abdomen  lightly  punctured  ;  plate  of  2nd  ventral 
segment  simple  ;  pygidial  ai-ea  coarsely  punctured ;  the  apex  with 
a  few  stiff  hairs.  Yellow,  variegated  with  pale  brownish  red ;  the 
flagellum  of  the  antenuse,  an  obscure  mark  on  the  vertex  of  the 
head,  three  broad  parallel  longitudinal  stripes  on  the  mesonotura, 
the  postscutellum,  middle  and  apex  of  the  median  segment,  basal 
and  apical  margins  above  of  the  lst-5th  segments,  and  the  whole 
of  the  6th  segment  of  the  abdomen  pale  brownish  red  ;  wings  flavo- 
hyahne,  nervures  and  tegulse  brown. 

J^lah.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.  5 .  Length  24 ;  exp.  4-5  mm. 
d  unknown. 

511.  Stizus  reversus. 

Larra  reversa,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  349,  §  (J . 

Stizus  reversus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.'-  (4)  iii,  1890, 
p.  245;  Handl.  Sitzungsb.  Akad.  Wiss.  Wien,  ci,  1893,  p.  66. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  shining,  covered  with 
a  very  short  thin  pubescence  ;  in  certain  hghts  the  surface  is  seen 
to  be  covered  with  obscure,  very  fine,  shallow,  close  punctures  ;  a 
large  space  round  the  ocelli  and  on  the  front  coarsely  punctured  ; 
mesonotum  anteriorly  with  two  medial  abbreviated  parallel  longi- 
tudinally impressed  lines,  very  smooth  and  shining;  median 
segment  widely  and  deeply  emarginate  posteriorly,  the  lateral 
posterior  margins  compressed ;  abdomen  as  long  as  "the  head  and 
thorax  united.  Black;  the  clypeus,  a  spot  above  it,  the  scape  and 
basal  joint  of  the  antenna  in  front,  the  posterior  margin  of  the 
prouotum,  the  tubercles,  a  spot  on  the  tegulse,  a  short  hne  in 
front  and  a  spot  behind  them,  a  spot  on  each  lateral  angle  of  the 
scuteUum,  a  line  on  the  postscutellum,  the  posterior  lateral  angles 
of  the  median  segment,  an  interrupted  yellow  band  on  the  basal 
segment  of  the  abdomen,  an  entire  one  on  the  2nd  segment, 
widest  laterally,  a  short  transverse  line  in  the  middle  of  the  3rd,  a 
narrow  band  on  the  4th,  and  a  spot  on  each  side  of  the  5th 
segment  yellow  ;  legs  variegated  with,  sometimes  almost  entirely, 
yellow  ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  dark  testaceous. 

6  very  similar,  but  a  black  spot  always  at  the  base  of  the 
labrum  and  another  on  the  clypeus. 

Var.  The  posterior  margins  of  abdominal  segments  1-5  with 
complete  yellow  transverse  bands  above. 

Hah.  Mussooree;  Barrackpore;  Sikhim;  Centrallndia;  Bombay; 
Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ;  Sumatra.     $  <5 .  Length  9-10  ;  exp.  17-21. 

512.  Stizus  lateralis,  Cam.  MS. 

2 .  Very  similar  to  some  varieties  of  /S.  reversus,  differing 
chiefly  in  the  greater  development  of  the  yellow  markings  ;  the 
clypeus,  the  space  above  it,  the  underside  of  the  scape  and 
flagellum  of  the  antennte,  a  broad  stripe  on  the  posterior  margin 


282 


SPHEGIDiF. 


o£  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  a  large  spot  beneath  them  on 
the  pleuraB,  a  broad  stripe  across  the  tegulffi,  a  large  square  spot 
at  each  lateral  aujtle  of  the  scutelluin,  the  postscutellum,  tlie 
posterior  lateral  angles  broadly  of  tiie  median  segment,  the  apex 
of  the  femora,  the  tibiaj  and  larsi  of  all  the  legs,  a  very  large  oval 
spot  on  each  side  of  the  basal  abdominal  segment,  and  transverse 
bauds,  greatly  widened  at  the  sides,  on  the  posterior  margins  of 
segments  2-5,  yellow. 

Hah.  Barraekpore.     $.  Length!;  e.vp.  13  mm. 

513.  Stizus  prismaticus. 

Larra  prismatica,  Smith.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  103,  ?  S  • 
Stizus  prismaticus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  yi)  iii,  1890, 
p.  244 ;  Handl.  Sitzungsb.  Akad.  Wiss.  Wien,  ci,  1892,  p.  55. 

2  6 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  shining,  obscurely  but  very 
finely  and  closely  punctured,  each  puncture  beariug  a  fine,  very 
short,  recumbent  hair;  clypeus  transverse,  the  anterior  margin 
depressed,  very  slightly  and  widely  emarginate ;  median  segment 
posteriorly  deeply  excavate,  the  sides  compressed  and  somewhat 
laminate,  not  incised.  Black,  suffused  with  brilhant  tints  of 
purple  and  blue  in  certain  lights ;  the  clypeus,  a  triangular  spot 
above  it,  an  abbreviated  Kne  at  the  inner  orbits  of  the  eyes,  the 
scape  in  front  and  the  flagellum  beneath,  the  posterior  margin  of 
the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  the  outer  margins  of  the  tegulse,  an 
oblique  spot  on  each  side  of  the  scutellum,  a  transverse  line  on  the 
postscutellum,  an  elongate  spot  on  the  lateral  angles  of  the  median 
segment,  an  elongate  spot  on  each  side  of  the  basal  abdominal  seg- 
ment and  a  fascia  on  the  apical  margins  of  the  2nd-4th  segments, 
with  a  spot  on  each  side  of  the  5th  segment,  yellow ;  the  fascia 
on  the  2nd  segment  is  broadest  laterally  ;  the  fascia  on  the  3rd 
segment  abbreviated  ;  legs  variegated  with  yellow  ;  wings  hyaline 
and  iridescent. 

Smith  describes  the  male  as  having  two  parallel  abbreviated  lines 
on  the  mesonotum  and  the  fasciae  on  the  abdomen  entire,  but  in 
the  common  Indian  and  Burmese  form  the  d  and  $  are  pre- 
cisely similar.  I  have  seen  no  specimen  corresponding  in  colour 
with  Smith's  description,  nor  with  the  specimens  from  Borneo  and 
Celebes  in  the  British  Museum.  One  variety  wants  the  abbreviated 
fascia  on  the  3rd  abdominal  segment  ;  a  second  form  is  altogether 
destitute  of  the  yellow  lateral  spots  on  the  basal  abdominal  segment. 

Hah.  Sikhim';  Ceylon ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim.  $  .  Length  9-11 ; 
e.rp.  17-20  mm.     cJ  •  Length  8-9  ;  exp.  17-19  mm. 

NoTB.—Handlirsch  (Sitzungsb.  Akad.  AViss.  Wien,  ci,  1892, 
pp.  43  et  seq.)  has  described  several  closely  allied  forms  more  or 
less  resembling  S.^vismaticus,  Smith.  One  of  these  is  given  from 
the  Andamans,  two  or  three  others  are  stated  to  occur  in  the 
Oriental  region.  I  do  not  know  of  the  latter  having  been  found 
within  our  limits.  I  append,  however,  short  descriptions,  taken 
from  Handlirsch's  work. 


SIIZUS. 


283 


Shzus  magrettii,  Handlirscli. — Black,  with  strong  tiuts  of  blue 
and  purple,  soiiievvlmt  thickly  pilose  and  moderatel_y  punctured. 
Wings  distinctly  fuscous.  Clypeiis,  labrum,  front  below  the  in- 
sertion of  tlie  antennas,  inner  orbits,  a  spot  on  the  tegula?,  lateral 
spots  on  the  basal  abdominal  segment,  a  somewhat  narrow  fascia 
on  the  2nd  and  4th,  and  lateral  spots  on  the  ventral  segmi-ints 
yellow.  Antennae  black,  beneath  ferruginous,  scape  beneath  yellow. 
Legs  black,  variegated  with  yellow.    Length  11-13  mm. 

Hab.  Oriental  region. 

Stizus  proxinms,  Handlirsch. — A^ery  closely  allied  to  the  above  ; 
slighter;  clypeus  black;  antennas  beneath  yellow ;  5th  abdominal 
segment  in  male  with  a  fascia,  in  female  with  a  spot  on  each  side. 
Length  9-10  mm. 

An  Oriental  species. 

Stizus  jnisillus,  Handlirsch. — Allied  to  the  above  and  resembling 
it,  but  still  slighter  and  smaller,  the  face  below  less  wide.  Clypeus 
in  the  J  yellow,  in  the  $  marked  with  a  large  black  spot.  Body 
more  pubescent  and  the  clypeus  more  densely  pilose  than  in 
S.  proanmus.  The  3rd  segment  with  a  small  yellow  spot  in  the 
middle.  Antennae  black,  paler  beneath  ;  scape  beneath  yellow. 
Length  7-8  mm. 

Bab.  Andamans  ;  Malacca  ;  Java. 

Stizus  semperi,  Handlirsch. — Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  the 
preceding  species.  Form  very  slight ;  black,  moderately  shining 
blue,  sparsely  and  finely  pilose,  and  more  minutely  punctui-ed  than 
in  S.  imsillus.  Clypeus,  except  a  large  black  spot  in  the  middle, 
the  inner  orbits,  the  margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  tegulae.  lateral 
spots  on  the  scutellum,  a  fascia  on  the  metanotum,  the  non-incised 
angles  of  the  median  segment,  and  complete  fascise  on  the  lst-4th 
abdominal  segments  yellow.  Wings  hyaline ;  antennae  black,  vellow 
beneath ;  legs  black,  variegated  with  yellow.   Length  9  mm. 

Hab.  Oriental  region. 

*514.  Stizus  melanoxanthus. 

Larra  melanoxantha,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  346,  c?  • 
St)  zus  melanoxantba,  Ccun.  ]\£e7n.  jifcincli,  L.  Ph  Soc.  ^4)  iii  1890 
p.  244. 

Stizus  melanoxanthus,  Handl.  Sitzunnsh.  Akad.  Wiss.  Wien.  ci, 
1892,  p.  171.  ' 

"c?.  Lencith  13  millim. — Yellow,  the  flagellum  fulvous;  the 
vertex  black  ;  the  apical  joints  of  the  antennae  fuscous  above ;  the 
tips  of  the  mandibles  rufo-piceous.  The  mesothorax,  the  post- 
scutelliun,  and  two  oblique  lines  on  the  metathorax  uniting  at  its 
apex  black ;  the  wings  hyaline,  the  marginal  cell  occupied  bv  a 
fuscous  cloud.  The  extreme  base  of  the  abdomen  black,  the  black 
colouring  produced  in  the  middle  into  an  angular  spot  which 
extends  down  half  the  length  of  the  segment;  the  apical  margins 
of  the  1st  and  three  following  segments  black,  an  angular  black 
spot  in  the  middle  of  their  base ;  the  apical  segment  ferruginous. 

"  Hah.  India  (coll.  W.  W.  Saunders)." 


284 


SPHEGIBJB. 


Genus  BEMBEX, 

Apis,  pt.,  Linn.  Si/st.  Nat.  ed.  x,  p.  574  (1758). 
Bembyx,  pt.,  Fabr.  Syst.  Ent.  p.  361  (1775). 
Bembcx,  pt.,  Oliv.  Enc.  Meth.  iv,  p.  288  (1789). 
Beiubex,  Latr.  Gen.  Crust,  et  Ins.  iv,  p.  97  (1809). 
Monedula,  pt.,  Dalilb.  Hxjm.  Eur.  i,  p.  492  (1845). 

Type,  B.  rostrata,  Fabr. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  broad,  as  broad  as,  but  not  broader  than,  the  thorax ;  eyes 
large,  ovate,  nearly  occupying  the  whole  of  the  sides  of  the  head, 
and  reaching  below  to  the  base  of  the  mandibles  ;  their  niner 
orbits  generally  closest  in  the  middle,  very  slightly  divergent  above 

and  below ;  ocelli  complete,  gene- 
rally round,  but  small  and  incon- 
spicuous; antennas  filiform,  in  the 
male  with  the  joints  of  the  apical  half 
often  abnormal,  spined  or  excavate 
beneath  ;  clypeus  boldly  convex,  the 
anterior  margin  transverse,  appear- 
ing emarginate  owing  to  its  con- 
vexity ;  mandibles  narrow,  obUque  at 
Kg-  81.  apex,  with  three  teeth,  the  inner 

Bemhex  westonii,  $ .    }.  the  inferior  long  and  very 

acute ;  labrum  exserted,  very  long  and  convex,  pointed,  with  the 
mandibles  crossing  in  X-shape  over  or  behind  it.  Thorax  broad, 
slightly  vertically  flattened  ;  pronotum  small,  depressed  beueath  the 
level  of  the  mesonotum ;  median  segment  short,  roundly  truncate 
posteriorly  :  wings  somewhat  short,  radial  cell  of  fore  wmg  long  and 
narrow  ;  three  cubital  cells,  the  1st  formmg  a  long  triangle,  equal 
to  or  longer  than  the  2nd  and  3rd  united,  2ud  and  3rd  subequal  m 
length,  the  latter  narrower  than  the  2nd,  which  latter  receives  both 
the  recurrent  nervures.  Legs  fairly  stout,  spinose  ;  1st  loint  of  the 
anterior  tarsi  always  ciliated,  cilise  often  of  great  length ;  inter- 
mediate femora  in  male  generally  dentate  beneath ;  intermediate 
tibise  with  a  long  apical  spine  anteriorly  and  a  short  one  posteriorly ; 
claws  simple.  Abdomen  massive,  broad,  never  petiolate,  the  1st 
segment  as  broad  as  the  2nd  and  steep  at  base,  the  apical  segment 
laterally  often  toothed  or  with  a  sinuate  margin,  the  apex  rounded, 
truncate  or  incised;  one  or  more  of  the  ventral  segments,  in  a 
large  majority  of  species,  furnished  with  carina)  or  tubercles, 
especially  in  the  male.  General  colour  of  the  insects  black  or  ferru- 
ginous, with  sinuate  lacteous  or  yellow  bands  on  the  abdomen. 

The  habits  of  these  insects  are  well  known  ;  they  nest  m  sandy 
banks,  some  of  the  Indian  species  (e.  g.  5.  >sorM«)  gregariously, 
digging  their  own  tunnels  and  using  their  powerf u  cdiated  anterior 
le|s,  in  the  manner  of  a  dog  digging.  The  food  furnished  for  the 
larvEB  is  always,  so  far  as  I  know,  various  species  of  Piptera,  and 
some  of  the  Indian  species  certainly  do  not  close  their  nests,  but 
frequently  supply  their  larvas  with  fresh  food. 


3EMBBX.  285 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Disc  of  the  mesonotum  with  a  U-shaped 

mark. 

a.  Colours  ferruginous  and  yellow    B.  lunata,  p.  285. 

h.  Colours  black  and  lacteoiis  yellow    B.  nielanchulica,  p.  286. 

c.  Colours  black  and  bright  yellow. 
a'.  2  cf  length  over  17  mm. 

a^.  Wings  fuscescent   B.  huddha,  p.  287. 

b-.  Wings  flavo-hyaline   B.  sulphurescens,  p.  287. 

V.  2  6  length  under  17  mm. 

tt".  Apical  segment  2  J   marked  with 

yellow    B.  trepanda,  p.  288. 

6*.  Apical  segment  J  S  entirely  black. 

a'.  Apical  segment  laterally  sinuate.  .    B.  orientalis,  p.  289. 
6'.  Apical  segment  laterally  not  sinu- 
ate, straight   B.  borrei,  p.  289. 

B.  Disc  of  mesonotum  without  any  u-shaped 

mark. 

a.  Joints  of  anterior  tarsi  broadly  dilated  . .    B.  latitarsus,  p.  289. 
6.  Joints  of  anterior  tarsi  not  dilated. 
a  .  Colours  black  and  lacteous  yellow. 
a^.  Lacteous  yellow  bands  on  the  abdo- 
men very  broad    B.  pinguis,  p.  290. 

b'^.  Lacteous  yellow  bands  on  the  abdo- 
men narrow    5. /ossorw,  p.  290. 

6'.  Colours  black  and  more  or  less  bright 
yellow,  not  lacteous. 
a^.  Abdomen  sulphur-yellow  with  black 

markings   B.  indtca,  p.  291. 

b^.  Abdomen  black  with  bright  yellow 
markings. 
a!'.  Band  on  1st  segment  interrupted 

in  the  middle    B.  hesione,  p.  291. 

b^.  Bands  on  the  three  or  more  basal 
segments    interrupted    in  the 
middle.  Males  only  known, 
a"*.  Intermediate  femora  dentate  be- 
neath   B.  taschenbergii,  p.  292. 

J*.  Intermediate  femora  not  dentate 

beneath   B.  ovans,  p.  292. 

c'.  The  basal  two  segments  without 

bands,  with  only  lateral  spots    . .    B.  westonii,  p.  293. 


515.  Bembex  lunata.    (PI.  II,  fig.  4.) 

Fnbr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  249 ;  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  328 ;  Cavi.  Mem. 
Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  247  ;  JIandl.  Sitzungsb. 
Akad.  Wiss.  Wien,  cii,  1893,  p.  777. 

2  .  Clypeus  smooth  and  impunctate,  convex,  widely  emarginate 
anteriorly ;  front,  vertex  of  the  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely 
and  finely  punctured,  thinly  pubescent,  the  pubescence  longish  on 
the  front,  occiput,  and  sides  of  the  median  segment;  inner  orbits 
parallel ;  vertex  slightly  concavely  depressed.  Ferruginous,  the 
labrum,  mandibles  except  at  base,  clypeus,  scape  and  basal  joint 
of  the  flageDum  of  the  antennae,  the  inner  orbits  narrowly  up  to 


286 


SPHEGIDJB , 


the  vertex,  the  outer  orbits  broadly  but  not  reaching  the  vertex, 
the  pronotum,  a  curved  broad  line  on  the  median  segment,  the 
legs,  irregular  marks  on  the  pro-,  meao-,  metapleurje,  and  posterior 
angles  of.  the  median  segment,  an  elongate  patch  on  each  side  of 
the  basal  three  abdominal  segments,  a  broad  subapical  band  on  the 
following  two,  and  a  largish  spot  on  the  apical  segment  (sometimes 
■wanting),  yellow ;  the  pronotum,  coxiB,  and  femora  of  the  legs  have 
some  obscure  feiTuginous  marks,  and  the  4th  and  5th  abdomii;al 
segments  a  ferruginous  spot  on  each  side  on  the  yellow  ;  the  vertex 
of  the  head,  the  front  to  the  base  of  the  antennas,  the  occiput, 
pectus,  sides  of  the  thorax  and  of  the  mesonotum,  a  medial  broad 
line  on  the  last  not  reaching  its  posterior  margin,  the  greater  part 
of  the  median  segment,  and  the  bases  of  the  2nd  and  followang 
segments  of  the  abdomen  (normally  not  seen)  black ;  wings  flavo- 
hyaliue,  uervures  and  tegulae  yellow. 

d  similar;  the  7th  abdominal  segment  ferruginous,  with  a  yellow 
medial  spot,  the  sides  dentate. 

Hab.  Tranquebar  ;  Tirhoot ;  Calcutta ;  Bombay.  $  .  Length 
23-25  ;  exp.  36-45  mm.     c?  •  Length  18-24  ;  exjp.  40-45  mm. 

516.  Bembex  melancholica,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  328,  $  c?  ;  0am.  Mem. 
Manch.  L.  Ph.  Son.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  247  ;  Handl.  Sitzungsh.  Akad. 
Wiss.  Wien,  cii,  1893,  p.  783,  pi.  ii,  fig.  5,  pi.  v,  fig.  17,  pi.  vii,  fig.  5. 

S  .  Clypeus  and  front  smooth,  the  vertex  of  the  head  finely 
punctured ;  thorax  and  abdomen  more  closely  punctui'ed  than  the 
head  ;  the  bead  above  the  occiput,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pubescent, 
the  pubescence  erect,  soft,  and  rather  long  on  the  head  and  on  the 
sides  and  apex  of  the  median  segment ;  vertex  of  the  head  con- 
cavely  depressed,  with  a  deep  groove  on  each  side  of  the  ocellar 
area;  antennae  -with  the  Bth-lOth  joints  spinous  below,  the  11th 
and  12th  excavate,  the  13th  truncate  at  apex,  the  intermediate 
femora  broad,  with  a  rounded  incision  close  to  the  apex  on  the 
underside ;  basal  ventral  segment  of  abdomen  with  a  prominent 
tubercle ;  apical  segment  dentate  laterally,  the  apex  incised. 
Black,  the  pubescence  fuscous  on  the  head  above  and  occiput, 
vphitish  on  the  median  segment ;  the  labrum,  base  of  the  mandibles, 
clypeus,  sides  of  the  face  and  front  to  a  little  above  the  base  of 
the  anteniiffi,  the  scape,  the  pronotum,  a  L  J-shaped  mark  and  a 
line  above  the  tegulae  on  the  mesonotum,  a  curved  band  on  the 
scutellum,  another  on  the  postscutellum,  a  triangular  mark  at  the 
base  and  the  posterior  lateral  angles  and  sides  of  the  median  seg- 
ment, the  pleurae,  and  broad  transverse  bands,  mth  their  posterior 
borders  emarginate  in  the  middle  and  crenulate,  on  abdominal 
segments  1-6,  with  a  triangular  spot  on  the  7th  segment,  lacteous  or 
livid  yellow ;  the  clypeus  with  two  divergent  rectangular  spots  at 
base,  the  middle  of  the  pronotum,  a  few  marks  on  the  pleuras,  and 
an  elongate  obhque  spot  on  each  side  above  on  the  yellow  bands 
of  the  2nd-6th  abdominal  segments,  black  ;  legs  lacteous  yellow, 
variegated  with  black  ;  wings  clear  hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulae 
dark  brown. 


BEMBEX. 


287 


1  have  not  been  able  to  procure  a  $  ,  but,  according  to  Smith, 
the  sexes  are  identical,  with  of  course  the  exception  of  the 
anteiinaB,  femora,  and  1st  ventral  segment;  these  in  the  $  would 
be  simple  (without  spines,  teeth,  &c.)- 

Hah.  Sikhim  ;  Burma  ;  Sumatra,  and  the  Indo-Malayan  region 
generally.  $.  Length  17-23  mm.  S  •  Length  18-22;  exp. 
33-41  mm. 

*517.  Bemhex  buddha,  Handl.  SiUungsb.  Akad.  Wiss.  Wien.cn,  1893, 
p.  782. 

"Antennae  {S)  incrassate,  8-11  joints  spined  below,  11-12 
distinctly  excavated  below.    Temora  {S)  dentate  on  the  apical 

half  below   Wings  distinctly  fuscescent,  nerviires 

brown.  $  6th  abdominal  segment  above  without  a  medial  area. 
cJ  apex  of  7th  segment  rounded,  not  angulate  laterally,  a  medial 
small  cariua  towards  the  apex  of  the  2nd  ventral  segment,  a  small 
tubercle  on  the  6th,  and  three  strongly  convergent  cai'inse  on  the 
7th  segment.  Thorax  punctured  and  pubescent.  Black,  the 
orbits  of  the  eyes,  the  front  below,  the  labrum,  the  clypeus,  with 
the  exception  often  of  two  spots,  the  prothorax,  the  tubercles, 
four  broad  lines  on  the  mesonotum,  a  fascia  on  the  scutellum  and 
on  the  metanotum,  nearly  the  whole  of  the  median  segment,  the 
greater  part  of  the  sides  of  the  thorax,  a  broad  fascia  on  the  1st 
abdominal  segment,  the  2nd  segment,  excepting  the  posterior 
margin  and  two  spots  on  the  disc,  broad  fasciae,  anteriorly  bi- 
sinuate,  on  the  following  segments,  the  apex  of  the  apical  segment 
{6  &,  $  ),  and  a  spot  on  all  the  ventral  segments  yellow.  Antennse 
black,  scape  anteriorly  yellow ;  legs  yellow,  lined  towards  the 
base  with  black." 

Hab.  Barrackpore,  Tirhoot,  and  Madras.  Length  21-23  mm.'* 
Unknown  to  me.    Apparently  originally  in  coll.  Eothney. 

518.  Bemhex  sulplmrescens,  Dahlb.  Hi/m.  Hur.  i,  pp.  180,  491,  (j  ; 
Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  328 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (i)  in 
1890,  p.  247.  ^  ' 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pubescent,  the  pubescence 
longish,  soft,  and  erect  on  the  vertex  and  back  of  the  head  and  on 
the  sides  and  apex  of  the  median  segment ;  the  head  smooth 
finely  and  rather  closely  punctured  behind  the  ocelli ;  thorax  and' 
abdomen  with  rather  close  but  shallow  fine  punctures  studded 
with  recumbent  hairs;  vertex  concavely  depressed,  the  lateral 
furrows  wide  and  shallow,  ocellar  area  only  slightly  raised ;  eyes 
very  little  divergent  beneath.     Black,  the  labrum,  base  of  the 
mandibles,  clypeus,  sides  of  the  face  as  high  nearly  as  the  vertex 
a  doll-shaped  mark  on  the  front,  the  scape  of  the  antennaj,  the 
outer  orbits  up  to  the  vertex,  the  prouotum,  a  U-shaped  mark  on 
the  disc,  and  the  lateral  margins  of  the  mesonotum  broadly,  a 
broad  curved  line  on  the  scutellum,  another  on  the  postscutellu'm 
a  third  widest  in  the  middle  on  the  median  segment,  the  posterior 


288 


lateral  augles  and  sides  of  the  last,  the  pro-  and  mesopleurae,  and 
broad  transverse  bands  on  the  lst-5th  abdominal  segments  above 
sulphur-yellow,  the  band  on  the  basal  segment  with  four  deep 
rounded  emarginations  anteriorly,  and  the  bands  on  all  the  seg- 
ments bisinuate  posteriorly  ;  two  small  spots  on  the  clypeus,  the 
middle  of  the  pronotum  anteriorly,  some  irregular  marks  on  the 
sides  of  the  thorax,  and  lateral  spots  on  the  bands  of  the  2nd-5th 
abdominal  segments  blai-k  ;  legs  variegated  yellow  and  black ; 
wings  slightly  ilavo-hyaline,  nervures  brownish,  tegulaj  yellow. 

c?  similar,  the  8th-10th  joints  of  the  antennse  spinose,  and  the 
11th  and  12th  excavated  beneath,  the  apical  half  of  the  intermediate 
femora  serrate  or  dentate  posteriorly,  the  apical  segment  of  the 
abdomen  with  the  lateral  margins  waved,  scarcely  dentate  (in  the 
5  these  are  straight),  the  6th  abdominal  segment  with  a  trans- 
verse yellow  band. 

Hah.  Distributed  pretty  well  throughout  India  and  Burma,  but 
not,  so  far  as  I  know,  vet  procured  in  Western  India.  $  .  Length 
18-20 ;  exp.  31-34  mni.     6  .  Length  18-19  ;  exp.  32-36  mm. 


519.  Bembex  trepanda,  Hym.  Eur.  i,  pp.  181,  490;  Smith, 

Cat.  iv,  p.  328;  Ciein.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Son.  (4)  iii,  1890, 
p.  247  ;  Ha7idL  Sitzungsb.  Alcad.  Wiss.  Wien,  cii,  1893,  p.  736. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  very  finely  and  closely  punctured,  pubes- 
cent ;  abdomen  shining,  the  surface  very  finely  aciculate ;  the  eyes 
slightly  but  distinctly  divergent  below ;  the  apical  segment  of  the 
abdomen  triangular,  jjunctured,  the  sides  sinuated,  the  apex  rounded, 
with  a  very  slight  short  medial  carina.  Black;  the  labrum,  the 
anterior  margin  broadly  of  the  clypeus,  a  line  behind  the  eyes,  the 
pronotum,  a  U-shaped  mark  on  the  mesonotum,  a  line  over  the 
tegulse.  a  curved  line  on  the  scutellum,  another  shorter  one  on  the 
postscutellum,  a  third  broader  one,  produced  triangularly  back  in 
the  middle  on  the  median  segment,  the  posterior  lateral  angles  of 
the  same,  and  more  or  less  broad  transverse  bands  on  the  basal 
four  segments  of  the  abdomen,  with  an  oval  spot  on  the  sides 
of  the  5th  segment,  bright  yellow ;  these  transverse  bands  on  the 
abdomen  vary  in  different  specimens  in  width,  and  in  the  manner 
in  which  their  margins  are  festooned  or  intruded  on  by  the  black 
ground-colour,  but  the  band  on  the  2nd  segment  has  always,  on 
the  3rd  sometimes,  a  black  obliquely  placed  spot  on  each  side ; 
legs  yellow,  variegated  with  black;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  and 

tegulse  testaceous.  ,   „  i  •  •  c 

S  .  In  the  two  specimens  I  have  seen  the  6th-8th  jomts  ot  the 
anteiinffi  are  spinose  beneath,  the  10th-12th  joints  excavate,  and 
the  apical  joint  curved,  the  intermediate  femora  dentate  posteriorly, 
the  dorsal'  plate  of  the  apical  segment  emarginate  at  apex,  and  the 
clypeus  and  face  to  the  posterior  ocellus  yellow.    Otherwise  the 

two  sexes  are  similar.  ,     t     •  i.  ii. 

Hah.  Barrackpore;  Bombay;  Gilgit;  Ceylon  ;  extending  into  the 
Malayan  region.  ?  .  Levxjth  14-17  ;  exp.  24-28  mm.  6  .  Length 
14-16  ;  exp.  24-28  mm. 


BBMBEX. 


289 


*520.  Bembex  orientalis,  Ilmull.  Sitzmujsh.  Aknd.  Wiss.  Wien,  cii,  189 
p.  737,  9  J ,  pl-  i,  tig.  18,  pi.  V,  fig.  19,  pi.  vi,  iig.  10. 

?  c? .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  B.  trepandn,  Dahlb, 
The  male  differs  in  having  only  the  8th  joint  o£  the  antennfe  pro- 
duced beneath,  and  the  intermediate  femora  more  serrate,  and  both 
sexes  in  having  the  eyes  less  divergent  below. 

Hub.  Bengal;  the  Himalayas;   Tenasserim.      5  6.  Length 
12-15  mm. 

521.  Bembex  borrei,  Handl.  Sitzungsb.  Akad.  Wiss.  Wien,  cii,  1893, 
p.  866,  $c^. 

2  S  .  Thorax  densely  and  very  finely  punctured,  the  punctures 
very  shallow;  head,  thorax,  and  the  base  of  the  abdomen  covered 
with  a  close  short  erect  pubescence ;  clypeus  convex,  prominent,  the 
face  between  the  antennae  with  a  short  carma  ;  the  antennae  rather 
long,  with  in  the  6  the  8tb  and  9th  joints  of  the  flagellum  spinose 
beneath,  the  10th-12th  excavate,  and  the  apical  joint  rounded 
and  curved;   thorax  som-ewhat  elongate;  the  basal  joint  of  the 
anterior  tarsi  ciliated  with  six  spines  on  the  outside,  the  inter- 
mediate femora  serrate  beneath  in  the  J ;  abdomen  short,  the 
apex  conical ;  in  the  $  the  6th  segment  convex,  the  apex  rounded, 
the  sides  not  sinuate.    Black,  the  apex  and  sides  of  the  clypeus, 
the  labrum  and  base  of  the  mandibles,  a  hne  on  the  scape  "of  the 
antennae,  a  line  on  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  a  U-shaped  mark 
on  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum,  a  transverse  stripe  on  the  scutellum, 
another  on  the  postscutellum,  two  on  the  median  segment,  lateral 
spots  on  the  pro-,  meso-,  and  metapleursD,  and  very  broad  transverse 
bands  on  segments  1-4  of  the  abdomen  in  the  5 ,  and  on  all 
the  segments  in  the  c?,  yellow,  the  band  on  the  1st  segment 
deeply  bisinuate  anteriorly,  those  on  the  3rd  and  4th  wdth  an 
enclosed  black  lateral  spot;   the  5th  and  6th  segments  in  the 
$  with  a  yellow  lateral  spot ;  legs  yellow,  the  coxa?  and  base  of 
the  femora  black ;  the  pubescence  on  the  head  and  thorax  griseous, 
in  fresh  specimens  silvery  on  the  clypeus;  wings  light  fusco- 
hyaline,  darker  in  the  c?  than  in  the  2  . 

Hah.  Sikhim  ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim ;  Ceylon,  extending  to  Java/. 
2  6  •  Length  12-16 ;  exp.  27-30  mm. 

522.  Bembex  latitarsus,  Handl.  Sitzungsb.  Akad.    Wiss.  Wien,  c-ii. 
1893,  p.  707.  ' 

2  S .  Eyes  with  their  inner  orbits  distinctly  divergent  towards 
the  clypeus.    Front  somewhat  narrow,  carinated  below.    In  the 

the  8th-10th  joints  of  the  antennae  spined  posteriorly  ;  the  11th 
joint  beneath  slightly  excavated  and  dilated,  the  apical  two  joints 
somewhat  long.  The  anterior  tarsi  (  2  d  )  distinctly  slender  ; 
intermediate  joint  a  little  prominent.  In  the  6  the  intermediate 
femora  with  short  teeth  on  the  underside,  the  apical  tibial  spino 
short,  barely  prominent ;  metatarsus  long  and  a  httle  dilated.  In 
the  <S  the  apical  segment  above  widely  triangular;  the  2nd  ventral 


290 


BPHEGIDiE. 


segment  tuberculate.  Black,  head  and  thorax  covered  with 
griseous  pubescence ;  the  labrum,  clypeus,  the  front  below,  the 
interior  orbits  widely,  the  exterior  narrowly,  a  Hne  on  the  pronotum, 
the  tubercles,  a  spot  on  the  sides  of  the  prothorax,  mesothorax, 
and  median  segment,  uninterrupted  bisinuate  fascisB  on  abdominal 
segments  1-5  above,  a  cordiform  spot  on  the  apical  segment, 
and  rather  large  spots  in  the  middle  of  the  ventral  segments  pale 
yellow ;  legs  variegated  yellow  and  black ;  antennse  black,  palish 
below. 

d  has  only  the  labrum  yellow,  the  fascia  on  the  1st  abdominal 
segment  wanting ;  those  on  segments  2-4  narrow  and  interrupted 
in  the  middle,  and  only  the  scape  of  the  antenna  pale  beneath ; 
wings  (  $  J  )  hvaline,  barely  fuscescent. 

Hah.  Himalayas  (Bandli'rsch) ;  Mussooree  ;  Gilgit.  ?  .  Length 
17— ly ;  exp-  33  mm.     c?  •  Length  15  ;  exj^.  30  mm. 

523.  Bembex  pinguis,  Handl.  Sitzungsb.  Akad.  Wiss.  Wien,  cii,  1893, 

p.  784,  pi.  viii,  fig.  4. 

2  S .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  Bembex  melanchoUca, 
Smith  '?  c?  :  differ  in  wanting  the  testaceous  yellow  U-shaped  mark 
onthe'mesonotum;  6  differs  further  in  having  the  underside  of  the 
intermediate  femora  dentate,  and  in  the  2nd  ventral  segment 
bearing  a  sharp,  though  small  tubercle  in  the  middle. 

Hab.  Calcutta;  Assam;  Tenasserim ;  Java.  $  d .  Length 
20-23  ;  exy.  36-38  mm. 

524.  Bembex  fossoria,  SmM,  Jour.  Asiat.  Soc.  Beng.  xlvii,  pt.  2, 

1878  p  168,  ?  ;  Bingh.  Jotcr.  Bomb.  Nat.  Hist.  Soc.  v,  1890, 
p.  243,  2 ;  Handl.  Sitzungsb.  AJcnd.  Wiss.  Wien,  cii,  1893,  p.  896. 
9    Clypeus  and  front  smooth ;  vertex  of  the  head,  thorax,  and 
abdomen  punctured,  thinly  pubescent;  the  punctures  very  fine, 
not  dense,  and  rather  shallow,  closer  on  the  abdomen  than  on  the 
thorax;  clypeus  strongly  convex,  its  anterior  margin  transverse 
depressed  at  base  on  both  sides  of  a  medial 
carina  running  up  between  the  bases  of  the 
antennse ;  vertex  concavely  depressed,  the  oceUar 
region  crossed  with  a  deep  groove  on  each  side; 
occiput  slightly  emarginate,  nearly  transverse : 
antennse  smooth  and  shining ;  mesonotum  ante- 
riorly with  a  broad  longitudinal  depression,  and 
a  short  carina  along  the  bottom.    Black,  the 
labrum,  base  of  the  mandibles,  clypeus,  scape  of 
Pig.  82.^Benihex  antenna,  the  front  to  a  little  above  the  base 

fossona,  2-   t-  ^.^^  j^^^^^.^  ^^^^^^^  posterior  margin  of  the 

pronotum,  tubercles,  a  line  over  the  tegulse,  a  parenthesis-shaped 
mark  on  each  side  of  the  scutellum  and  along  the  posterior  margin, 
a  crescentic  mark  on  the  postscutellum,  a  similar  mark  on  the 
median  segment,  a  large  irregular  mark  on  its  side,  a  spot  on  the 
mesopleurl  above,  the  greater  part  of  the  propleurae,  the  legs,  and 


BBMBEX. 


291 


abdominal  segments  1-5  above  with  broad  submarginal  bisinuate 
bauds,  lacteous  yellow  or  white;  two  spots  at  the  base  of  the  clypeus, 
the  cox£B,  femora,  and  tibia;  of  the  anterior  and  intermediate  legs 
postei'iorly,  and  the  coxa;,  femora,  tibia;,  and  tarsi  of  the  posterior 
legs  both  anteriorly  and  posteriorly,  variegated  with  black ;  wings 
hyaline,  nervures  brownish  yellow,  tegulse  black. 

cf  similar,  but  with  9th-llth  joints  of  the  antennsB  flattened 
and  carinated  on  the  inside,  the  apical  two  segments  black.  In 
both  sexes  the  1st  ventral  segment  is  strongly,  2-6  faintly  longi- 
tudinally carinate;  the  2iid  ventral  segment  with  a  smaK  depression, 
on  each  side  of  the  medial  line. 

Hah.  Burma;  Tenasserim.    $  S  .  Length  18-20;  exp.  36-40  mm. 

525.  Bembex  indica. 

?  Bembyx  glauca,  Fabr.  Mant.  Ins.  i,  p.  285. 
?  Vespa  glauca,  Gm.  Syst.  Nat.  ed.  xiii,  p.  2769. 
?  Bembex  glauca,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  249. 

Bembex  indica,  Handl.  Sitzungsb.  Akad.  Wiss.  Wien,  cii,  1893, 
p.  771,  pi.  i,  fig.  33,  pi.  vi,  fig.  33,  $  c7 . 

$  S  .  Clypeus  and  front  of  the  face  smooth,  vertex  of  the  head, 
thorax,  and  abdomen  with  fine  close  but  shallow  punctures  and 
pubescent ;  the  clypeus  strongly  convex,  its  anterior  margin  nearly 
transverse;  vertex  concavely  depressed,  ocellar  region  slightly 
raised.  Pale  sulphur-yellow;  two  diagonal  spots  above  the  base  of 
the  antenna;,  the  vertex  of  the  head,  the  mesonotum,  the  base  of 
the  scutellum,  also  of  the  postscutellum  and  of  the  median  segment, 
a  spot  on  each  side  and  one  on  the  apex  of  the  last  joined  by  a  narrow 
line,  a  diagonal  spot  on  each  side  of  abdominal  segments  1-5  in 
the  middle  above,  a  pear-shaped  spot  in  the  middle  of  the  2nd 
ventral  segment,  and  the  spots  on  the  following  segments  black ; 
the  mesonotum  with  two  broad  lateral  lines  and  an  apical  trans- 
verse line  joining  them  yellow;  legs  yellow;  wings  hyaline, 
nervures  testaceous,  tegulse  yellow. 

d  similar,  with  the  7th  and  8th  joints  of  the  antenna  slightly 
produced  below,  the  apical  segment  black  with  a  lateral  yellow 
mark. 

Hah.  Barrackpore;  Sikhim;  North- Y/est  Provinces;  Bombay; 
Ceylon  ;  extending  into  the  Malayan  region.  $  S  .  Length  17-19  • 
exp.  32-35  mm.  ' 

I  have  described  the  common  type  of  this  species;  varieties 
have  more  or  less  the  black  markings  wider  and  more  distinct. 

526.  Bembex  hesione,  Bingh.  Jour.  Bomb.  Nat.  Hist.  Soc.  vlii,  p.  381 . 
$  .  Clypeus  and  front  smooth,  with  a  few  scattered  punctures 

head  above  pubescent,  the  pubescence  soft  and  long,  vertex  with  a 
deep  fm-row  on  each  side  of  the  ocellar  region,  which  is  raised ; 
thorax  and  abdomen  very  minutely  and  closely  punctured,  with  a 
short  very  fine  recumbent  hair  springing  from  each  puncture  • 
abdomen  with  the  1st  ventral  segment  tuberculate  in  the  middle' 
the  apical  segment  rounded  posteriorly.    Black,  the  labrum,  base 

v2 


292 


SPHEGIDJE. 


o£  the  mandibles,  clypeus,  sides  of  the  face  to  a  little  above  the 
base  of  the  autennse,  a  doll-shaped  mark  in  the  middle  of  the 
front,  the  scape  of  the  antennae,  the  cheeks,  pronotum,  sides  of 
the  thorax,  a  spot  on  the  tegulte  in  front,  a  spot  behind  them,  a 
curved  broad  line  on  the  scutelluni,  another  on  the  postscutellum, 
one  still  broader  ia  the  middle  aud  narrowly  divided  by  a  median 
black  line  on  the  median  segment,  the  sides  and  posterior  lateral 
angles  of  the  same,  an  elongate  triangular  mark  on  each  side  of 
the  1st  segment,  and  broad  posteriorly  biarcuate  bands  at  the  bases 
of  segments  2-5,  yellow  or  laeteous  yellow ;  two  spots  at  the  base 
of  the  clypeus,  a  slight  clavate  spot  on  the  front  above  it,  the  pro- 
notum broadly  in  tlie  middle,  a  spot  on  each  tubercle,  and  an  elon- 
gate oblique  t-pot  on  each  side  above  on  the  yellow  abdominal  bands 
black;  the  legs  variegated  yellow  and  black;  wings  hyaline, 
nervures  and  tegulae  dark  brown. 

cJ  similar,  but  with  the  abdominal  bands  generally  broader ;  the 
7th-l 0th  joints  of  the  antennae  very  slightly  spinose,  and  the  llth 
and  12th  excavated  beneath;  the  intermediate  femora  dentate  at 
apex,  lateral  margins  of  the  apical  abdominal  segment  waved, 
scarcely  toothed,  beneath  carinate. 

Hub.  Tenasserim  ;  Sumatra ;  Borneo.  $  .  Length  22-24 ;  exp. 
35-37  mm.     S  •  Lencjili  19-20  ;  exp.  36  mm. 

*527.  Bembex  taschenbergii,  ITawrfZ.  Sitzungsh.  Ahad.  Wiss.  Wim, 
cii,  1883,  p.  776. 

"  Head  and  antennae  nearly  as  in  the  European  B.  hidentata, 
Van  der  Lind.,  the  wings  distinctly  fuscescent,  nervures  fuscous. 

  The  anterior  tarsi  of  normal  form,  the  metatarsal  cilia 

composed  of  seven  spines.  The  intermediate  femora  towards 
the  apex  furnished  vs'ith  several  distinct  teeth.  Abdomen  as 
in  B.  hidentata,  the  2nd  and  6th  ventral  segments  simple,  the  7th 
segment  with  the  lateral  spines  distinct  

"  Thorax  above  very  finely  and  sparsely  punctured,  and  covered 
with  greyish  pubescence. 

"  Black,  the  orbits  of  the  eyes,  clypeus,  labrum,  the  greater  portion 
of  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  the  sides  of  the  mesonotum,  fasciae 
(often  obsolete)  on  the  scutellum,  metanotum,  and  median  segment, 
a  large  spot  on  the  sides  of  the  thorax  and  of  the  median  segment, 
bisinuate  fasciae,  often  interrupted  in  the  middle,  on  abdominal 
segments  1-5  above,  a  spot  (often  obsolete)  on  the  6th  segment, 
and  lateral  spots  on  the  ventral  segments  yellow.  The  apex  of  the 
abdomen,  and  sometimes  part  of  the  ventral  segments,  ferruginous. 
Ajntennae  black,  scape  pale;  legs  yellow,  variegated  with  black 
towards  their  base. 

•■'Hah.  India;  Tenasserim.         Lengt'hVl-2Q  mm." 


528.  Bembex  ovans,  Bhigh.  Jour.  Bomb.  Nat.  Hist.  Soc.  viii,  p.  384, 
$  cJ .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  B.  fossoria,  Smith,  but 


BEMBEX. — PmLAKTHTJS. 


293 


the  male  has  the  antennce  cylindrioal throughout,  the  9th-llth  joints 
not  being  flattened  nor  earinate  on  the  inner  side;  both  sexes  are 
slighter  and  longer,  the  markings  are  brighter  yellow,  not  lacteous, 
and  the  transrerse  bauds  on  the  basal  three  abdominal  segmeats 
are  more  or  less  broadly  interrupted  in  the  middle. 

Hah.  Tenasserim.  $  .  Length22  ;  exp.  34  mm.  S  •  Length  21 ; 
exp.  36  mm. 

529.  Bemhex  westonii,  JSiriffh.  Jour.  Bomb.  Nat.  Hist.  Soc.  viii,  p.  380, 
?,pl.  1,  fig.  1. 

$  .  Clypeus  and  front  smooth  ;  vertex  of  the  head,  thorax,  and 
abdomen  extremely  minutely  and  closely  punctured  and  pubescent, 
the  pubescence  longish  on  the  occiput,  vertex  of  the  head,  and 
sides  of  the  median  segment ;  clypeus  lunate,  convex,  widely 
emarginate  anteriorly,  depressed  at  base  on  either  side  of  a  medial 
raised  ridge,  which  is  continued  up  the  front  to  a  little  above  the 
base  of  the  antennae,  inner  orbits  parallel ;  vertex  of  the  head 
subconcave,  ocellar  area  raised,  with  a  deep  groove  on  each  side, 
occiput  transverse;  median  segment  with  a  broadly  triangular 
space  at  base  enclosed  by  lateral  convergent  grooves,  the  posterior 
lateral  angles  slightly  produced  and  flattened.  Black,  mandibles 
at  base,  clypeus,  a  doll-shaped  mark  above  it,  the  inner  and  outer 
orbits  widely  interrupted  at  the  vertex,  the  scape  of  the  auteunaj, 
pronotum,  the  tubercles,  posterior  lateral  angles  of  the  median 
segment,  the  greater  part  of  the  meso-  and  metapleurse,  the  legs, 
an  irregular  elongate  mark  on  each  side  of  the  basal  three  abdominal 
segments,  and  a  broad  biarcuate  transverse  band  on  the  4th  and 
5th  above  yellow;  a  spot  on  each  side  of  the  medial  line  of 
the  clypeus  at  base,  the  middle  of  the  pronotum,  a  spot  on  the 
tubercle,  the  greater  part  of  the  coxae,  a  stripe  posteriorly  and 
anteriorly  on  each  of  the  femora,  and  on  the  posterior  tibise  above, 
black  ;  anterior  tarsi  slightly  ferruginous  ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures 
and  tegulae  dark  brown. 

6  similar,  a  black  spot  above  the  clypeus  between  the  bases  of 
the  antenna),  the  yellow  band  on  the  4th  segment  narrowly 
interrupted  in  the  middle,  and  a  yellow  spot  on  each  side  of  the 
6th  segment  of  the  abdomen. 

Hah.  Tenasserim.  $.  Length  22;  exp.  39  mm.  S.  Lenath 
23  ;  exp.  40  mm.  ^ 


Genus  PHILANTHUS. 

Philanthua,  pt.,  Fahr.  Ent.  Syst.  W,  p.  288  (1793). 
Simblephilus,  Jurine,  Hym.  p.  186  (1807). 
Philanthus,  Shuck.  Indiyen.  Foss.  Hym.  p.  245  (1837). 

Type,  P.  coronatus,  Eabr. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 


294 


SPHEGIDJ3. 


Head  large,  wider  than  the  thorax,  subglobose  ;  eyes  emarginate 
or  subeiiiarginate  within,  in  some  Oriental  species  barely  so  ;  ocelli 
in  a  triangle  forward  on  the  vertex  ;  antennae 
inserted  high  up  about  the  middle  of  the  face 
and  wide  apart  from  each  other  ;  clypeus  broad, 
with  a  lobe  on  each  side ;  mandibles  acute, 
the  labrum  concealed ;  thorax  ovate,  pronotum 
transverse ;  median  segment  obtusely  rounded, 
sometimes  steep  posteriorly  ;  legs  stout,  spinose, 
anterior  tarsi  (  $  )  strongly  ciliated  :  wings  of 
FhUanfhus  avidus,    moderate  length ;  fore  ^ying  with  one  radial  and 
2 .   }.  three  cubital  cells,  radial  cell  narrow,  elongate, 

and  acuminate  at  apex;  the  1st  cubital  cell 
measured  on  the  cubital  nervure  about  twice  the  width  of  the  2nd, 
the  2nd  cubital  cell  narrowed  at  top,  below  receiving  the  1st 
recurrent  nervure  in  or  a  little  past  the  middle,  the  3rd  cubital 
cell  half  the  width  at  top  that  it  is  below,  receiving  the  2nd 
recurrent  nervure  near  its  base ;  abdomen  with  the  1st  segment 
normal,  or  narrowed  and  subpetiolate  at  base. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  First  segment  of  the  abdomen  not  narrowed 
at  base  into  a  petiole. 

a.  Apical  margins  of  abdominal  segments  2-5 

broadly  depressed  and  finely  transversely 

striate  ;   -P-  niffriceps,  p.  295. 

b.  Apical  margins   of  the  abdominal  seg- 

ments not  depressed. 
a'.  Clypeus  with  its  anterior  margin  bi- 
sinuate. 

a'.  Abdomen  for  the  greater  part  fer- 
ruginous red  :  wings  flavo-liyaline  .    P.  depredator,  p.  295. 
h^.  Basal  segment  of  abdomen  only  fer- 
ruginous red  ;  wings  fuscous   P.  basalts,  p.  296. 

b'.  Clypeus  arched  anteriorly. 

a^.  Abdomen  with  transverse  yellowish- 
wbite  lines  on  the  apical  margins  of 
segments  2-4. 
a'.  Median  segment  rounded,  with  a 
narrow  medial  longitudinal  fur- 
row   P-  ordinarius,  p.  296. 

6'.  Median  segment  truncate  poste- 
riorlv,  with  a  broad  medial  longi- 
tudinal furrow   P.  avidus,  p.  297. 

Abdomen  with  large  lateral  spots  on 

the  basal  4  segments    P.  elegans,  p.  29/. 

c^.  Abdomen  with  the  apical  margins  of 

the  basal  3  segments  ferruginous  .  .    P.  sulphtireus,  p.  iJH. 

B.  First  segment  of  the  abdomen  nan-owed  at 
base  into  a  petiole. 
a.  Clypeus  carinate  down  the  middle,  head 

and  thorax  finely  punctured.    Length  _ 

5  11-12  mm   P-  conciwms,  p. 


PHILANTHUB. 


295 


6.  Clypeus  not  carinate  ;  head  and  thorax 

auteriorly  coarsely  punctured.    Length     _     ,  , 

§  8  mm.    P.  pulchemmus,  pvSya 


530.  Philanthus  nigriceps,  Binffh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soe.  1896,  p.  441. 

c?.  Head  finely  and  closely  punctured,  thorax  smooth  and 
shining,  the  mesonotum,  seutellum,  and  postscutelliim  with  a  few 
distant  punctures,  the  median  segment  smooth  and  impunctate  at 
base  and  down  a  medial  line  to  the  apex,  the  apex  on  each  side 
closely  punctured  and  pubescent ;  the  legs  punctured  and  covered 
with  a  thin  pabescence;  abdomen  shining,  with  the  bases  of 
segments  2-5  broadly  depressed,  the  depressed  parts  forming 
transverse  bands  very  finely  transversely  striate  ;  the  basal  segment, 
the  apical  margins  of  the  2nd- 5th  and  the  6th  and  7th  segments 
entirely  finely  and  distantly  punctured,  the  anal  segment  slightly 
pubescent  above  and  below.  A  remarkable  feature  is  the  clypeus, 
which  is  porrect  and  broadly  emarginate  in  the  middle  anteriorly. 
Head  and  thorax  black,  abdomen  dark  chestnut-red  ;  the  mandible, 
except  at  apex,  the  clypeus,  two  spots  above  it,  the  inner  orbits 
broadly  below  diminishing  in  width  upwards,  two  large  spots 
behind  the  eyes,  a  line  on  the  pronotum,  a  spot  before  the  tegnlse, 
a  line  on  the  postscutellum  anteriorly,  large  triangukr  subapical 
spots  on  abdominal  segments  1-4,  and  an  irregular  line  interrupted 
in  the  middle  on  the  5th  segment  above  yellow  ;  legs  rufo-piceous, 
the  anterior  femora,  tibiae,  and  tarsi,  and  the  femora  at  apex,  the 
tibiffi,  and  tarsi  of  the  posterior  legs  with  a  deep  fulvous  tinge ; 
wings  fusco-hyaline  and  iridescent,  the  nervures  and  tegulae  tes- 
taceous, pubescence  fulvous. 

Hah.  North- West  Provinces,     d .  Leiigih  13  ;  exj).  24  mm. 


531.  Philanthus  depredator,  Smith,  Cat.  iv.  p.  470,  J'  ;  Cam.  Mem. 
Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  248. 

$ .  Head,  mesonotum,  the  pleurae,  and  the  basal  abdominal 
segment  very  closely  and  somewhat  finely  punctured ;  the  pro- 
notum, seutellum,  postscutellum,  median  segment,  and  the  2nd 
and  following  segments  of  the  abdomen  with  a  few  fine  scattered 
punctm-es ;  clypeus  broad,  anterior  and  posterior  margins  deeply 
bisinuate,  the  surface  very  finely  and  minutely  aciculate  ;  median 
segment  shining,  a  very  short  and  rather  deep,  medial,  longi- 
tudinal furrow  at  base  having  a  fine  carina  along  the  bottom  and 
the  space  between  the  carina  and  the  sides  of  the  furrow  with  a 
single  row  of  punctures.  Ferruginous  red,  the  base  of  the 
mandibles,  the  clypeus,  a  crescentic  mark  above  it,  an  oval  spot 
above  that  on  the  front,  the  sides  of  the  face  to  the  sinus  of  the 
eyes,  the  scape  in  fi'ont,  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  the 
tegulse,  a  line  on  the  anterior  femora  and  on  the  intermediate 
tibife  beneath,  a  large  spot  on  each  side  of  the  2nd  and  3rd 
abdominal  segments  at  base  above,  a  crescentic  mark  on  each 


296 


SPHEQIDJE. 


side  near  the  apex  on  the  2nd  ventral  segment,  and  two  triangular 
lateral  spots  on  the  3rd  ventral  segment  yellow ;  wings  Savo- 
hyaline,  slightly  infuscated  at  apex,  nervures  fen-nginous. 

<S  similar,  but  with  the  scutelium,  postscutellum,  and  a  spot 
on  each  side  on  the  median  segment  yellow. 

Var. —  5  c?  •  With  the  yellow  markings  more  developed,  the 
apical  four  abdominal  segments  fusco-ferruginous. 

Bab.  Barrackpore  ;  North- West  Provinces.  $  (S .  Length 
13-15  ;  exp.  23-27  mm. 

532.  Philanthus  basalis,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  473,  $  ;  Cam.  Mem. 

Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  248. 

5  .  Head,  thorax  (pronotum  excepted),  and  basal  segment  of 
abdomen  closely  and  not  very  coarsely  punctured;  the  pronotum 
finely  transversely  striate  anteriorly,  posteriorly  smooth  ;  2nd  and 
following  segments  of  abdomen  smooth,  opaque ;  clypeus  broad, 
its  anterior  mai'gin  waved  and  fringed  with  stiff  hairs  ;  median 
segment  truncate  posteriorly,  with  a  fovea  at  its  apex  above ; 
pygidial  area  lightly  and  finely  punctured.  Black,  the  clypeus, 
the  sides  of  the  face  anteriorly,  a  spot  above  the  base  of  each 
antenna,  a  short  vertical  line  below  the  anterior  ocellus,  a  broad 
line  on  the  cheeks,  a  very  narrow  one  on  the  pronotum  posteriorly, 
the  postscutellum,  a  large  oval  spot  on  the  apical  margin  of  the 
1st  abdominal  segment,  a  narrow  medially-interrupted  line  on  the 
apical  margins  of  segments  2-4,  and  two  minute  spots  on  the 
apical  margin  of  the  5th  yellowish  white,  base  of  the  1st  segment 
red  ;  legs  rufo-fuscous,  the  anterior  and  intermediate  tibite  with 
a  stripe  of  yellow  on  the  outside  ;  wings  light  fusco-hyaline,  the 
apex  of  the  fore  wing  slightly  more  fuscescent,  nervures  and  tegulae 
dark  fusco-testaceous. 

Hab.  Ceylon  (Smith).  $.  Length  12;  e.i;p.  24  mm.  cJ  un- 
known.   Type  in  coll.  Bi-itish  Museum. 

533.  Philanthus  ordinarius,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  441. 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  very  finely  and  closely  punctured ;  abdomen 
smooth,  opaque ;  head  shghtly  broader  than  the  thorax,  flattened 
in  front,  mesonotum  convex,  smooth  and  shining  in  the  middle ; 
scutelium  large,  prominent,  impunctate  in  the  middle;  median 
segment  rounded  posteriorly,  with  a  narrow  medial  longitudinal 
furrow,  the  apex  and  sides  pubescent ;  legs  with  the  tibise  and 
tarsi,  especially  of  the  posterior  pan-,  strongly  spinose ;  abdomen 
broad,  about  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax  united ;  the  dorsal 
plate  of  the  anal  segment  incised  at  apex.  Black,  the  mandibles, 
except  at  the  apex,  the  clypeus,  a  crescentic  spot  above  it,  the 
inner  orbits  as  high  as  the  emargination  of  the  eyes,  a  hue  along 
the  outer  orbits  not  reaching  the  vertex,  a  line  on  the  pro- 
notum, the  teguliB,  a  line  on  the  posterior  margin  of  the  post- 
scutellum, two  small  spots,  one  on  each  side,  on  the  median 
segment,  the  femora,  tibia,  and  tarsi  of  the  anterior  legs,  the  apex 


PHILANTHFS. 


297 


of  the  femora,  the  tibiss  and  tarsi  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior 
le^s  above,  and  an  irregularly  waved  subapical  Hue  dorsally 
and  ventrally  on  segments  2-4  of  the  abdomen  pale  yellowish 
white  ;  the  base  of  the  Ist  segment  broadly,  and  of  the  2nd 
narrowly  red  ;  wings  hyahue,  nervures  sordid  yellow. 

Bab.  Tenasserim.  $  .  Length  12  ;  ex]).  22  mm.  Type  in  coll. 
British  Museimi. 

534.  Philanthus  avidus,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  440. 

5 .  Head  very  closely  and  finely,  thorax  and  the  posterior 
margin  of  the  basal  abdominal  segment  more  sparsely  and  coarsely 
punctured,  the  base  of  the  1st,  the  whole  of  the  2ud  and  following 
segments  smooth,  head  about  the  width  of  the  thorax ;  niesonotum 
strongly  convex  ;  median  segment  short,  apex  with  a  steep  slope 
nearly  truncate,  a  medial  longitudinal  broad  but  shallow  furrow 
from  base  to  apex  of  the  segment,  sides  and  apex  with  a  thin 
soft  pubescence  ;  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  spinose  ;  posterior  margin  of 
the  basal  abdominal  segment  constricted,  apical  segment  slightly 
pubescent.  Black,  the  mandibles,  except  at  apex,  the  clypeus,  a 
moon-shaped  spot  above  it,  a  spot  on  each  side  of  the  face  above 
the  base  of  the  antennae,  the  scape  in  front,  the  inner  margin  of 
the  eyes,  a  line  behind  them,  a  line  on  the  front  of  the  pronotum, 
the  teguke,  the  postsciitellum,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  the  legs  above, 
a  subapical  spot  on  each  side  of  the  basal  abdominal  segment,  and 
narrow  subapical  bands  on  the  dorsal  and  ventral  sides  of  segments 
2-5  yellowish  white  ;  basal  segment,  except  for  a  narrow  black 
subapical  border  above,  deep  red ;  wings  hyaline,  faintly  fuscous, 
and  in  certain  lights  iridescent. 

Hab.  Tenasserim.     $  .  Length  10  ;  e.rp.  16  mm. 

535.  Philanthus  elegans,  Smith,  A.  M.  N.  H.  (4)  xii,  1873,  p.  415  ; 

Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Sue.  (4)  ill,  1890,  p.  248. 

$ .  Vertex  of  the  head,  mesonotum,  scutellum,  postscutellum, 
and  abdomen  coarsely  and  somewhat  spai-ingly  punctured,  the 
abdomen  more  closely  than  the  other  parts;  clypeus,  front  to  a 
little  above  the  base  of  the  antennae,  pronotum,  and  median 
segment  smooth,  the  punctures  below  the  ocelli  much  finer  and 
closer ;  clypeus  strongly  arched  anteriorly,  slightly  convex ;  median 
segment  short,  shining,  slightly  compressed  laterally,  with  a  broad 
oval  fovea  at  the  apex  above,  the  apex  steep,  almost  truncate, 
variegated  with  white,  black,  and  ferruginous ;  the  base  of  the 
mandibles,  the  clypeus,  the  sides  of  the  face  to  the  emargination 
of  the  eyes,  the  scape,  and  the  basal  two  joints  of  the  flagellum  of 
the  antennae  in  front,  a  kite-shaped  mark  beneath  the  anterior 
ocellus,  a  curved  hne  on  the  occiput,  the  cheeks  and  back  of  the 
head,  the  pronotum,  two  medial  longitudinal  lines  on  the  disc  of 
the  mesonotum,  two  broader  stripes  in  front  of  the  tegulae,  the 
tegulae,  a  spot  behind  them,  the  scutellum, postscutellum,  sides  of  the 
median  segment  broadly,  pro-  and  mesopleuras,  legs,  and  large  lateral 
spots  on  the  basal  four  segments,  with  the  whole  of  the  6th  segment 


298 


SPHBGID^. 


of  the  abdomen  yellowish  white ;  the  head  above,  a  spot  on  the 
pronotum  in  front,  the  mesonotum,  and  the  base  and  middle  of 
the  slope  of  the  median  segment  black ;  the  legs  variegated  with 
pale  reddish,  and  the  abdomen  except  the  markings  as  above  ferru- 
ginous, somewhat  fuscous  on  the  apical  half  above  ;  wings  hyaline, 
nervures  ferruginous. 

Hah.  JSTorthern  India  {Smith).     $  .  Length  10  ;  exp.  19  mm. 


536.  Philanthus  sulphureus,  Sinith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  469,  s  ;  Cam.  Mem. 
Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  248. 

d  ■  Head  above  the  emargination  of  the  eyes,  mesonotum, 
scutellum,  postscutellum,  median  segment  on  the  sides  and  at 
apex,  and  the  abdomen  punctured,  the  punctures  finer  and 
closer  on  the  head,  coarser  on  the  abdomen ;  clypeus  and  front 
of  the  face,  the  cheeks  partially,  the  pronotum,  the  base  of 
the  median  segment  above,  and  the  legs  smooth  and  shining, 
anterior  margin  of  clypeus  arched  and  fringed  with  long  stiff 
hairs ;  median  segment  with  a  fovea  at  base  above,  the  apex 
truncate  -with  a  medial  vertically-impressed  line.  Sulphur- 
yellow,  the  clypeus  and  front  beneath  and  around  the  base  of 
the  antennas,  and  the  base  of  the  mandibles  white;  a  line  round 
the  upper  part  of  the  eyes,  joined  by  a  curved  line  over  the 
posterior  ocelli,  and  another  on  the  occiput,  the  anterior,  lateral, 
and  apical  margins  of  the  mesonotum,  a  medial  longitudinal 
black  line  over  its  disc,  and  a  mark  produced  angularly  back  in  the 
middle  at  the  base  of  the  median  segment  black,  the  apical  eight 
joints  of  the  antennas,  the  apical  margins  of  abdominal  segments  1-3 
and  basal  margin  of  the  4th  obscurely  ferruginous  ;  legs  yellow ; 
wings  hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulje  yellow. 

Sab.  Northern  India  (Smith).  S .  Length  9 ;  exp.  17  mm. 
$  unknown.    Type  in  coll.  British  Museum. 


537.  Philanthus  concinnus,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  442. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  finely  and  closely  punctured,  abdomen 
smooth  but  not  shining  ;  head  somewhat  broader  than  the  thorax, 
obscurely  subpubescent ;  clypeus  carinate  in  the 
middle  anteriorly,  the  apex  projecting;  meso- 
notum broad,  convex  ;  median  segment  rounded, 
with  a  somewhat  steep  slope  posteriorly,  and 
bearing  a  medial  longitudinal  fine  furrow  ;  legs 
stout,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  the  intermediate  and 
posterior  legs  thickly  spinose ;  abdomen  as  long 
as  the  head  and  thorax  united,  the  petiole  con- 
stricted at  apex ;  anal  segment  rounded  at  apex. 
Black,  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  the  clypeus,  a 
crescentic  mark  above  it,  the  inner  orbits,  up  to 
the  emargination  of  the  eyes,  a  spot  on  the  scape  in  front,  a 
narrow  line  sloping  obliquely  back  behind  the  eyes,  an  abbreviated 


Fig.  84. 
Fhilantlms  con- 
cinnus, § .  \. 


PHILANTHTJS.  CBRCEUIS. 


299 


line,  broadly  interrupted  in  the  middle,  on  the  pronotum,  a  spot 
on  the  tegulEB  in  front,  two  minute  obliquely  placed  spots  in  the 
middle  of  the  postscutellum,  an  irregularly  waved  subapical  line 
on  the  dorsal  and  ventral  sides  of  abdominal  segments  2-4,  and 
a  transverse  spot  at  the  apex  oO  the  5th  segment  yellow ;  the  Hue 
on  the  2ud  segment  is  narrowly  interrupted  in  the  middle,  and 
the  base  of  the  same  segment  is  red ;  legs  variegated  with  yellow ; 
wings  light  fusco-hyaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  and  tegulsB 
testaceous.  The  fine  rather  thin  pubescence  on  the  head  and  on 
the  sides  of  the  median  segment  white. 

Var.  The  yellow  markings  on  the  postscutellum  and  on  the 
abdomen  entirely  or  nearly  obsolete. 

Bab.  Tenasserim.  ?  .  Length  11-12  ;  exjo.  22-24  mm.  c?  un- 
known.   Type  in  coll.  British  Museum. 

538.  PMlanthus  pulcherrimus,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  469,  2  d  ;  Cam. 
Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  248. 

5  .  Head  above  the  base  of  the  antennae,  the  mesonotum,  meso- 
pleurte,  and  abdomen  rather  coarsely  punctured,  the  punctures 
dense  on  the  head,  more  distantly  placed  on  the  mesonotum,  the 
pleurae,  and  abdomen,  becoming  very  sparse  on  the  apical  segments 
of  the  last ;  clypeus,  the  sides  of  the  face  as  high  as  the  base  oE 
the  antennae,  the  prothorax,  the  scutellum,  postscutellum,  and 
median  segment  smooth  and  shining ;  anterior  margin  of  the 
clypeus  widely  triangular ;  median  segment  rounded  posteriorly, 
with  a  deep  broad  fovea  at  apex  above.  Black;  the  face  below  the 
antennae,  the  clypeus,  base  of  the  mandibles,  scape  and  basal  three 
joints  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae,  a  coronet-shaped  spot  on 
the  front,  a  line  on  the  cheeks,  a  line  on  the  pronotum,  the 
tubercles,  a  spot  at  the  base  of  the  mesopleurae,  the  scutellum, 
postscutellum,  two  large,  oval,  lateral  spots  on  the  2nd  abdominal 
segment,  and  a  broad  transverse  band  on  the  apical  margin  of  the 
4th  segment  yellomsh  white,  a  narrow  line  on  the  apical  margin  of 
the  5th  and  the  6th  segments  testaceous,  the  basal  segment  bright 
ferruginous ;  legs  yellowish  white,  the  coxae,  trochanters,  and 
femora  stained  with  dusky  red ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent, 
nervures  and  tegulse  yellow. 

(5  similar,  but  the  5th  and  following  abdominal  segments  black. 

Hab.  India  (Smith).  5  •  Length  8 ;  exjj.  14  mm.  c?  •  Length  6  ; 
ea-y.  11  mm.    Type  in  coll.  British  Museum. 


Genus  CERCERIS. 

Crabro,  pt.,  OHv.  Encycl.  Mithod.  vi,  p.  SOQ  (1791), 
Philantbus,  pt.,  Fabr.  Ent.  Si/si.  ii,  p.  288  (1793). 
Cerceris,  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  xiii,  p.  315  (1805). 

Type,  C.  arenaria,  Linn. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 


300 


SPHBGlDiE. 


Head  as  wide  as  the  thorax  or  wider,  broader  than  long, 
subquadrate  in  some  species,  seen  from  above  ;  ocelU  in  a  triangle 
on  the  vertex ;  eyes  ovate,  not  reniform ;  antennaa  very  slightly 

elavate,  inserted  about  the  middle 
of  the  face  or  a  little  higiier; 
mandibles  stout,  simple,  unidentate 
or  bidentate ;  thorax  ovate,  pro- 
notum  transverse;  median  segment 
roundly  trum-ate,  always  with  a 
larger  or  smaller  triangular  or 
cordate  space  at  the  base  enclosed 
by  convergent  furrows ;  legs  stout, 
and  in  both  sexes  strongly  spinose, 
more  spinose  in  the  $  than  in  the 
Fig.85.-Cercerisvtgilans,  ?.  }.  ^  ;  anterior  tarsi  ciliated;  inter- 
mediate tibisB  with  one  apical  spur ; 
posterior  tibiffi  with  two.  "Wings  long,  ample ;  fore  wing  with  one 
radial  and  three  cubital  cells,  the  radial  cell  oblong,  the  1st  cubital 
cell  longer  than  the  2nd  and  3rd  united,  the  2nd  triangular, 
petiolate,  receiving  the  1st  recurrent  nervure  about  the  middle, 
the  3rd  cubital  cell  receives  the  2nd  recurrent  nervure  near  its 
base.  Abdomen  oblong,  subpetiolate,  the  petiole  formed  by  the 
narrowing  of  the  1st  segment,  which  is  sometimes  subglobular ; 
the  apical  margins  of  the  basal  live  (  $  ),  or  basal  six  (  J  )  segments 
strongly  constricted,  pygidial  area  with  three  planes  bordered  by 
carinsB,  the  three  planes  always  more  or  less  rugose. 

The  fossorial  wasps  of  this  genus  are  predatory  on  beetles  ;  the 
Indian  species  I  have  had  an  opportunity  of  observing  always 
store  Ohrijsomelidce  in  their  nests.  0.  eh'zabetJice  I  found  carrying 
Bownesia  brettingliami  to  her  nest.  The  nests  that  I  have  seen  iiave 
always  been  dug  in  level  ground,  never  on  a  bank-side,  and  the 
tunnels  leading  to  them  were  from  6  to  12  inches  deep. 


Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Enclosed,  triangular,  or  cordate  space  at 
base  of  median  segment  smooth. 
a.  Abdomen  with  the  basal  segment  red. 
a'.  Clypeus  transverse  anteriorly. 

a^.  Clypeus  transverse  only  in  the  middle 

at  apex ;  not  dentate    C.  albopicta,  p.  301. 

IP.  Clypeus  transverse  across  the  whole 

apical  margin  ;  dentate  at  the  sides .    C.  rothneyi,  p.  302. 
b'.  Clypeus  emarginate  anteriorly. 

a^.  Colours  reddish  brown  with  a  few 

black  markings.    L.  $  28-22  mm..    C.  ontfwfo/w,  p.  302. 
b'^.  Colours  reddish  brown  with  black 
and  yellow  markings.    L.  J  10- 

12  mm.   C.  humbertiana,  p.  303. 

c'.  Clypeus  arched  anteriorly, 
o^.  Mesosternum  laterally  deatate ;  cly- 
peus not  dentate   C.  dentata,  p.  803. 


CEECEBIS. 


301 


i^.  Mesonotum    not    dentate  ;  apical 

margin  of  clypeus  with  four  teeth .  .     C,  tetradonta,  p.  304. 

b.  Abdomen  with  the  basal  segment  black, 

or  black  variegated  with  yellow,  not  red. 

a'.  Cl^'peiis  transverse  anteriorly   C.  sulphurpa  $,  p.  30-5. 

v.  Clypeus  arched  anteriorly    C.  pictiventris,  p.  305. 

c.  Abdomen  with  the  basal  segment  yellow,  or 

yellow  with  very  narrow  black  markings. 
a'.  Clypeus  porrect,  its  anterior  margin 

transverse   C.jiavopicta,  p.  306. 

V .  Clypeus  not  porrect,  its  anterior  margin 

deeply  incised   C.  wroughtoni,  p.  306. 

B.  Enclosed  triangular  or  cordate   space  at 

base  of  median  segment  punctured. 

a.  Abdomen  with  the  basal  segment  red. 
a' .  Clypeus  emarginate  anteriorly. 

or.  Apical  margin  of  clypeus  vpitb  two 

teeth   C.  instabilis  S  >  V-  ^07. 

b^.  Apical  margin  of  clypeus  not  dentate.  C.  pulchra,  p.  308. 

b'.  Clypeus  truncate  anteriorly   C.  vishnu,  p.  308. 

c'.  Clypeus  arched  anteriorly   C.  vigilans,  p.  308. 

b.  Abdomen  with  the  basal  segment  black,  or 

black  variegated  with  yellow. 

a'.  Clypeus  emarginate  anteriorly   C.  tristis,  p.  .309. 

b'.  Clypeus  arched  anteriorly   C.  sulphurea  c?,  p-  305. 

C.  Enclosed,  triangular,  or  cordate  space  at 

base  of  median  segment  striate. 
a.  Enclosed  space  longitudintiUy  striate. 
a'.  Head    extraordinarily    large,  much 

broader  than  the  thorax   C.ferox,  p.  309. 

b' .  Head  not  extraordinarily  large,  not  or 
little  broader  than  the  thorax, 
a^.  Median  segment  posteriorly  red,  the 

enclosed  space  black    C.  mastogaster,  p.  310. 

6^.  Median    segment    posteriorly  red, 
marked  with  yellow,  the  enclosed 

space  black    C.  instabilis  J ,  p.  307. 

c^.  Median  seirnipnt  black  immaculate. 

Length  2  10  mm   C.  unifasciata,  p.  310. 

Length  j  15  mm   C.  nebulosa,  p.  311. 

cP.  Median  segment  posteriorly  black, 

marked  with  yellow    C.  hilaris,  p.  311. 

e^.  Median  segment  posteriorly  entirely  y 

fulvous   C.  bifasciata,  p.  312. 

6.  Enclosed  space  obliquely  striate. 

a'.  Mesostemum  laterally  dentate    C.  elizabethcB,  p.  312. 

b'.  Mesosternum  not  dentate   C.  pentadonta,  p.  312. 

c.  Enclosed  space  transversely  striate   C.  kirbyi,  p.  313. 


539.  Cerceris  albopicta,  Smith,  A.  M.  N.  H.  (4)  xii,  1873,  p.  412; 
Schlett.  Zool  Jahrb.  1887,  p.  485  :  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.L.  Ph.  Soc. 
(4)  iii,  1890,  p.  248. 

2 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  finely  punctured  ; 
the  clypeus  broad,  flat,  transverse  anteriorly  in  the  middle, 
the  sides  oblique,  antennal  carina  short,  broadening  below ;  the 


302 


SPHEGID^. 


enclosed  space  at  the  base  of  the  median  segment  small,  smooth, 
shining,  a  single  row  of  punctures  along  its  sides ;  a  medial  slight 
groove  ending  beyond  the  apex  in  a  small  depression,  beyond 
which  again  the  furrow  is  continued  to  the  apex  of  the  segment ; 
abdomen  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax  united.  Black,  the 
clypeus  and  face  below  the  base  of  the  antenna3,  the  scape  of  the 
latter,  the  antennal  carina,  a  spot  behind  the  eyes  (sometimes 
absent),  the  pronotum  posteriorly,  the  tegula,  a  curved  medially 
interrupted  line  on  the  scutellum,  a  transverse  line  on  the  post- 
seutellum,  two  spots,  one  above  the  other,  on  the  mesopleurEe,  a 
spot  at  the  base  (sometimes  absent)  and  two  apical  lateral  spots  on 
the  2nd  abdominal  segment,  and  the  whole  3rd  and  5th  segments 
above  white,  the  white  on  the  3rd  and  5th  segments  emarginate 
anteriorly;  basal  two  segments  of  the  abdomeu  red;  flageilum 
fulvous;  legs  white,  the  intermediate  and  posterior  femora  and 
tibiae  more  or  less  stained  with  chestnut-red;  wings  hyahne, 
fuscescent  at  apex. 

Hah.  Bombay.     5  .  Lencith  10-11 ;  exp.  19  mm. 

540.  Cerceris  rothneyi,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  8oc.  (4)  iii,  1890, 

pp.  250  &  251. 

$  .  Clypeus  and  front  punctured,  the  punctures  very  shallow  ; 
the  clypeus  anteriorly  transverse,  with  a  minute  tooth  at  the  base 
of  the  mandible  on  each  side ;  head  above  and  mesonotum  closely 
and  finely  punctured  ;  pronotum,  scutellum,  postscutellum,  median 
Segment,  and  abdomen  finely  but  not  so  closely  punctured  ;  the 
triangular  enclosed  space  at  base  of  med'an  segment  smooth  and 
shining,  medially  furrowed,  the  furrow  continued  to  the  apex  of 
the  segment.  Variegated  with  black,  yellow,  and  ferruginous ; 
the  base  of  the  mandibles,  the  clypeus  and  face  in  fi-out,  as  high  as 
halfway  between  the  base  of  the  antennae  and  the  anterior  ocellus, 
the  scape,  the  tegulae,  the  middle  of  the  scutellum  and  post- 
scutellum, the  base  of  the  2nd,  the  3rd,  and  5th  segments  of  the 
abdomen  above,  yellow ;  the  vertex  of  the  head,  the  cheeks,  and 
the  4th  and  6th  abdominal  segments  black,  the  rest  of  the  thorax 
and  abdomen  ferruginous  or  chestnut-red  ;  legs  yellow,  the  femora 
above  stained  with  dark  red ;  wings  hyaline,  the  apex  of  the  fore 
wing  fuscous. 

Bab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.  § .  Length  10 ;  exp.  20  mm. 
Type  in  coU.  Eothney. 

541.  Cerceris  orientalis,  Smit/i,  Cat.  p.  454,  2  J;  SchMt.  Zool.Jah-b. 

1887,  p.  498;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  pp.  250 
&  265,  pi.  X,  fig.  14. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  strongly  but  not  very  closely 
punctured  ;  clypeus  porrect,  the  apex  roundly  emarginate,  beneath 
with  a  fringe  of  long  stiff  hairs,  the  sides  of  the  face  and  front, 
and  the  cheeks,  pilose  ;  the  front  from  below  the  anterior  ocellus 
to  the  base  of  the  clypeus  with  a  wide  well-marked  carina  ;  median 
segment  with  a  small  enclosed  space  at  base  smooth,  divided  by  a 


CEECEEIS. 


303 


medial  furrow  which  is  continued  down  the  truncated  posterior 
face  of  the  segment  to  the  apex,  the  sides  of  the  median  segment 
with  long  soft  pubescence ;  abdomen  longer  than  the  head  and 
thorax  united.  Eeddish  brown,  the  region  of  the  ocelli  and  trans- 
verse narrow  bands  at  the  base  of  abdominal  segments  2-5  black,  the 
pile  on  the  face  silvery,  the  pubescence  on  the  median  segment 
white ;  wings  flavo-hyaline,  apical  margin  of  the  fore  and  apex  of 
hind  wing  fuscous. 

similar,  slightly  smaller,  with  fuscous  marks  on  the  thorax. 
Uab.  North- West  Provinces ;  Barrackpore;  Madras.  ^.Length 

18-  22 ;  exp.  36-44  mm. 

542.  Cerceris  humbertiana. 

?  Philanthiis  interstinctus,  Fahr.  Ent.  Syst.  Suppl.  p.  269. 
?  Cerceris  interstincta,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  452. 

Cerceris  humbertiana,  Sauss.  Novara-Reise,  Hym.  p.  97,  5  ;  Schlett. 
Zool.  Jahrh.  1887,  p.  494 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii, 
1890,  p.  249. 

Cerceris  emortualis,  Sams.  Novara-Reise,  Sym.  p.  98. 
Cerceris  viscosus,  Smith,  Tr.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  40,  5 . 
Cerceris  rufinodis,  Smith,  Tr.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  41,  cJ. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  not  very  finely 
punctured,  lamina  of  clypeus  porrect,  the  apex  very  slightly  emar- 
ginate  ;  antennal  carina  short,  pyramidal  in  form  ;  median  segment 
with  triangular  enclosed  space  at  base  smooth  and  shining,  a  very 
short  but  deep  longitudinal  furrow  at  its  apex,  the  furrow  not 
continued  to  the  apex  of  the  segment ;  abdomen  somewhat  longer 
than  the  head  and  thorax  united.  Eeddish  brown;  mandibles  at 
base,  clypeus,  front  to  a  little  above  the  base  of  the  antenna,  the 
scape  of  the  latter,  the  antennal  carina,  a  small  spot  above  it,  the 
cheeks,  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  a  spot  on  the 
tegulaa,  a  spot  on  the  mesopleurse,  another  below  it  on  the  meso- 
sternum,  a  small  spot  at  the  latei-al  angles  of  the  scutellum,  a  line 
on  the  postscutellum,  a  broad  elongate  mark  on  the  sides  of  the 
median  segment,  and  large  semicircular  spots  on  the  apical  margins 
of  abdominal  segments  2-4,  with  the  whole  of  the  5th  segment 
above,  bright  yellow  ;  an  elongate  spot  on  the  front  above  the 
clypeus  reaching  a  little  beyond  the  ocellus,  and  the  bases  narrowly 
of  the  2nd  and  following  segments  of  the  abdomen  black  ;  wings 
hyaline,  the  stigma  and  apex  of  fore  wing  fuscous. 

d  similar  in  shape  of  the  yellow  markings,  but  black,  with  the 
basal  segment  red.  In  both  sexes  the  legs  are  yellow,  variegated 
with  chestnut-red  in  the  female,  black  in  the  male. 

Eab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal ;  Ceylon.     $  .  Length  10-12  ;  exp. 

19-  22  mm.     cj  .  Len^gth  9—10  5  exp.  15—19  mm. 

513.  Cerceris  dentata,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890 
pp.  248  &  260,  pi.  X,  fig.  10. 

5  .  Clypeus  broad,  depressed,  smooth,  arched  anteriorly ;  the 
head  above,  thorax,  and  abdomen  coarsely  punctured,  the  meso- 


304 


SPHEGID^. 


sternum  laterally  with  two  teeth ;  the  enclosed  space  at  the  base 
of  the  median  segment  smooth  and  shining,  with  only  one  or  two 
large  punctures,  medially  divided  by  a  fine  furrow,  which  is  con- 
tinued to  the  apex  of  the  segment.  Black ;  the  base  of  the 
mandibles,  clypeus,  sides  of  the  face  broadly,  not  reaching  the 
vertex,  a  small  balloon-shaped  mark  above  the  base  of  the 
antennae,  a  diagonal  spot  behind  the  eyes  on  each  side  of  the 
vertex,  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  tegulse,  the 
tubercles,  a  spot  round  the  lateral  mesosternal  teeth,  two  large 
spots  on  the  scutellum,  a  line  on  the  postscutellum,  a  large  oval 
spot  on  each  side  posteriorly  of  the  median  segment,  two  minute 
spots  above  on  the  basal,  and  transverse  bands  on  the  apical 
margins  of  the  2nd,  3rd,  and  5th  abdominal  segments,  yellow ;  the 
flagellum  of  the  antennae,  femora  and  tibise  of  the  legs  above,  and 
basal  abdominal  segment  ferruginous,  the  femora  and  tibiae  beneath 
and  the  tarsi  yellow ;  wings  hyaline,  apex  of  fore  wing  with  a  light 
fuscous  spot,  nervures  testaceous. 

Hah.  Barrackpore,  Bengal ;  Poona,  Bombay.  ?  .  Length  8-9  ; 
exp.  16-17  mm.     S  unknown.    Type  in  coU.  Eothney. 


*544.  Cerceris  tetradonta,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890, 
pp.  250,  261,  pi.  X,  fig.  12. 

5  .  "  Black,  closely  and  rather  strongly  punctured ;  the  clypeus, 
the  cheeks  broadly  from  near  to  the  top  of  the  antennal  ridge, 
scape  beneath  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  two  small  spots  behind 
the  ocelli,  a  large  line  behind  the  eyes,  a  broad  line  on  the  side  of 
the  pronotum,  a  mark  on  the  side  of  the  scutellum,  metanotum, 
two  large  marks  on  the  side  of  the  median  segment,  tegulae, 
tubercles,  a  small  spot  below  them,  the  sides  of  the  petiole,  and  a 
short  line  on  the  edges  of  the  other  segments,  and  on  the  edges  of 
the  3-5  ventral  segments,  whitish  yellow  ....  Flagellum  rufous 
beneath,  fuscous  above,  the  3rd  and  4th  joints  subequal.  Clypeus 
flat  the  apex  projecting  and  armed  with  four  stout  blunt  teeth. 
Pronotum  rounded  at  the  sides  and  with  an  oblique  slope  in  front. 
Mesopleural  furrow  indistinct.  Trigonal  area  smooth,  impunctate, 
shininc  the  central  furrow  narrow  ;  metapleur^  at  base  strongly 
striolated  black  above,  the  rest  reddish,  the  extreme  apex  of  the 
median  segment  being  also  reddish.  Petiole  rufous,  broader  than 
long  the  base  obhque  ....  The  basal  ventral  segment  is  entirely 
rufous  the  others  are  broadly  rufous  in  the  middle.  Wings  almost 
hyaline,  the  apex  infuscated  ....  Legs  rufous  m  front  more  or 
less  whitish  yellow  beneath,  the  hind  tibiae  fuscous  behind,  the 
hind  tarsi  for  the  greater  part  fuscous. 

"The  cJ  is  smaller  and  similarly  coloured,  hut  \^nth  the  yellow 
marks  more  reduced,  the  clypeus  sHghtly  convex,  the  apex  trans- 
verse except  that  a  short  not  very  distinct  tooth  projects  in  the 
middle.  The  femora  are  broadly  lined  with  black  laterally  and 
above,  especially  the  anterior  four. 

»  Hab.  7oona,  Bombay  Presidency.    $  .  Length  6-7  mm. 


OBBCEHISi 


305 


545.  Cerceris  sulphnrea,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890, 

pp.  230,  2G1,  pi.  X,  fig.  11. 

$  .  Clypens  porrect,  the  apex  transverse,  the  antennal  carina 
broad  beneath,  running  into  a  sharp  edge  at  top  ;  vertex  of  the 
head  closely  punctured  ;  the  front,  thorax,  and  abdomen  more 
sparsely  punctured  ;  the  enclosed  triangular  space  at  the  base  of 
the  median  segment  smooth  and  shining ;  abdomen  about  as  long 
as  head  and  thorax  united.  Black ;  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  the 
clypeus  and  face  to  a  little  above  the  base  of  the  antennas,  the 
antennal  carina,  the  cheeks  behind  the  eyes,  the  pronotnm, 
scutellum,  po,stscutellum,  a  large  oval  spot  on  each  side  of  the 
median  segment,  the  mesopleurse,  and  large  lunate  spots  on  both 
sides  of  the  apical  margins  of  abdominal  segments  1-5,  bright 
yellow ;  the  legs  yellow,  marked  with  ferruginous ;  the  apical 
segment  of  the  abdomen  ferruginous;  the  flagellum  of  the  antennsB 
fulvous  ;  wings  hyaline,  the  apex  of  the  fore  wing  fuscous. 

cJ  similnr,  but  with  the  trigonal  area  at  base  of  median  seg- 
ment punctured,  and  the  mesonotum  marked  with  rufous. 

ffab.  Bombay.  5  ^.  Length  8;  exp.  16  mm.  Type  in  coll. 
Eothney. 

546.  Cerceris  pictiventris,  Bahlb.  Hym.  Eur.  i,  p.  498. 
Cerceris  novarfe,  Savss.  Novam-Reise,  Hym.  p.  92,  pi.  iv,  fig.  54. 
Cerceris  fervens,  Smith,  A.  M.  N.  H.  (4)  xii,  1873,  p.  411. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  coarsely  punctured, 
the  punctures  on  the  clypeus  and  face  below  the  base  of  the  antennae 
not  so  deep  or  close  as  on  the  head  above;  clypeus  broad,  flat, 
broadly  rounded  anteriorly,  the  lateral  angles  somewhat  pro- 
duced ;  antennal  carina  short ;  a  space  round  the  base  of  each 
antenna  hollow  and  smooth  ;  median  segment  with  the  enclosed 
space  at  base  small,  triangular,  smooth,  medially  furrowed ;  the 
apex  of  the  enclosure  and  the  furrow,  which  is  continued  down  to 
the  apex  of  the  segment,  transversely  striate.  Black ;  the  base  of 
the  mandibles,  the  clypeus,  the  inner  orbits  of  the  eyes  broadly  to 
above  the  base  of  the  antennae,  the  antennal  carina,  the  lateral 
angles  of  the  pronotum,  a  spot  on  each  of  the  mesopleui-te  below, 
the  outer  margins  of  the  tegulse,  a  line  on  the  scutellum,  the  post- 
scutellum,  the  posterior  lateral  angles  of  the  median  segment,  the 
base  of  the  2Dd  abdominal  segment,  and  broad  anteriorly  emar- 
ginate  transverse  bands  on  the  3rd  and  5th  segments,  yellow.;  legs 
yellow,  the  posterior  femora  and  the  apices  of  the  posterior  tibias 
on  the  inside  rufo-fuscous ;  wings  hyaline,  the  narrow  costal 
margin  of  the  fore  wing  and  the  apex  fuscescent. 

d"  similar,  but  the  yellow  markings  not  so  broad  or  vivid  ;  the 
anterior  and  intermediate  femora  at  base  and  the  entire  posterior 
femora  black. 

Var.  The  clypens  in  the  centre  and  the  scutellum  black.  S  ■  The 
apical  margui  of  the  6th  abdominal  segment  with  a  transverse 
yellow  band. 

VOL.  I.  T 


306 


BPHEGID^. 


Bah.  Throughout  India,  Ceylon,  Burma,  and  Tenasserim. 
Common.  $  .  Lencjtli  9-11 ;  exp.  18-22  mm.  J  •  Length  8-10 ; 
ex_p.  17-20  mm. 

547.  Cerceris  flavopicta,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  451,  J  2  ;  Schlett.  Zool. 
Jahi-h.  1887,  p.  492  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890, 
p.  249. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  rather  sparsely  and  coarsely 
punctured,  on  the  vertex  oE  the  head  and  the  basal  portions  of  the 
abdominal  segments  the  punctures  are  somewhat  closer ;  clypeus 
porrect,  its  anterior  margin  transverse ;  median  segment  with  the 
enclosed  space  at  base  smooth  and  shining,  not  divided  by  the 
usual  medial  furrow,  which  runs  from  the  apex  of  the  enclosed 
space  only  to  the  apex  of  the  segment.  Yellow ;  the  vertex  of  the 
head,  with  a  stripe  leading  to  the  base  of  each  antenna,  a  broad 
curved  stripe  on  the  occiput,  the  mesonotum,  the  enclosed  space 
at  the  base  of  the  median  segment,  a  broad  medial  stripe  down  to 
the  apex  of  the  latter,  the  metapleursB,  and  the  base  and  apical 
margin  very  narrowly  of  abdominal  segments  1-5  black,  the  black 
at  the  base  and  apex  of  each  segment  connected  by  a  broad 
black  medial  stripe  narrowing  posteriorly;  the  flagellum  of  the 
antenuEB  fulvous,  the  intermediate  femora  and  tibise  with  reddish 
stains  above;  wings  hyaline,  the  apex  broadly  fuscous;  nervures 
pale  testaceous,  teguls  yellow. 

S  similar,  but  the  clypeus  not  porrect,  and  the  medial  stripes  on 
the  abdominal  segments  very  narrow,  obsolete  on  the  5th  sesiment. 

Hab  North-West  Provinces ;  Barrackpore  ;  Tirhoot ;  Madras  ; 
Assam.  ?  6-  Length  9-11;  exp.  18-20  mm.  Type  in  coU. 
British  Museum. 

*548.  Cerceris  wroughtoni.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii, 
1800,  p.  258. 

P  .  "Black,  shining,  thorax  and  head  punctured,  the  abdomen 
impunctate,  smootli;  the  clypeus,  the  cheeks  to  above  the  base  of 
the  antenuEB,  the  antennal  ridge,  the  scape  beneath,  a  large  broad 
line  behind  the  eyes,  a  line  on  the  pronotum,  scutellum,  metanotum, 
two  small  marks  on  the  middle  of  the  median  segment,  the  petiole 
except  a  broad  stripe  down  the  centre,  the  base  of  the  second  and 
thW  segments  all  round,  the  edge  of  the  fourth  and  a  large  mark 
in  its  centre,  a  similar  mark  on  the  fifth,  and  the  basal  three  ventral 
segments  fo;  the  greater  part,  clear  yellow  ;  the  flagellum  beneath 
and  a  large  mark  on  either  side  of  the  median  segment  rufo-fulvous  ; 
leg  fulvous,  the  anterior  fo.n-  in  front  and  the  hinder  femora  m 
part  pale  yellow.  Wings  fuscous,  the  apex  much  darker,  the 
EmVfulvons  . .  .  Clypels  flat,  the  apex  black,  roundly  and  bi-oadly 
inciSd  Its  sides  and  the  cheeks  bearing  a  silvery  pubescence.  . .  . 
ThTpubeseence  on  the  head  is  longish  and  pale,  ^^e  punctuation 
moderately  strong,  and  all  the  punctures  deeply  sepai;ated.  Thorax 
rdeiately  stronlly  punctured,  covered  with  a  pale  pubescence 


CBUCEEIS. 


307 


.  .  .  scutellum  sparsely  punctured,  trigonal  area  smootb,  impunc- 
tate,  furrowed  down  the  middle  .  .  .  Petiole  wider  than  long, 
bulging  out  in  the  centre,  sparsely  and  finely  punctured,  the  fifth 
segment  also  s]mrsely  pimctured,  the  others  with  the  surface 
aciculate.  .  .  .  Hinder  tibia)  very  stoutly  and  closely  spined.  The 
male  has  the  face  from  the  top  of  the  autennal  ridge  entirely 
yellow  ;  the  clypeus  flattish,  the  apex  rounded,  almost  transverse, 
the  lateral  plates  incised,  there  is  a  small  yellow  mark  below  the 
tubercles,  there  are  two  large  yellow  marics  on  the  median  segment ; 
the  4th  segment  is  almost  entirely  yellow,  the  5th  has  a  narrow 
yellow  border  on  the  apex,  the  6th  is  almost  entirely  yellow,  the 
sides  of  the  apical  segment  are  yellow;  the  legs  are  clear  yellow  ; 
the  hinder  femora  are  marked  with  blacl?,  the  hind  tibiae  are 
broadly  black  at  the  apex,  and  the  hind  tarsi  are  fuscous ;  other- 
wise coloured  as  in  the  2  .  .  .  Length  11  mm." 
Hah.  Bombay.    I  have  not  seen  this  species. 

549.  Cerceris  instabilis,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,p.  452,?;  Schlett.Zonl.Jahrb. 
1887,  p.  494 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  249. 
Cerceris  velox,  Smith,  Tr.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  41,  . 

2  c?  •  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  punctured  ;  clypeus 
broad,  incised  in  the  middle,  with  two  prominent  but  obtuse  teeth  ; 
median  segment  with  the  enclosed  triangular  space  at  base 
equilateral,  longitudinally  striate  in  the  5  ,  punctured  in  the  d , 
basal  abdominal  segment  particularly  slender  and  long.  Eeddish 
brown  :  the  region  of  the  ocelli,  with  a  broad  patch  below  stretching 
laterally  to  tiie  eyes  and  downwards  to  the  base  of  the  antennae, 
the  pronotum  in  front,  the  triangular  enclosed 
space  at  the  base  of  the  median  segment, 
a  medial  narrow  line  down  to  the  apex  of 
the  latter,  and  the  bases  of  abdominal  segments 
2-5  narrowly,  black ;  the  clypeus,  face  in  front, 
antennae,  and  legs  more  or  less  fulvous ;  the 
posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  scutellum 
and  postscutellum,  a  curled  comma-shaped  spot 
Fig.  m.— Cerceris  on  each  side  of  the  apes  of  the  median  segment, 
instabilis,  $ .  ?.  a  subbasal  spot  on  the  2nd  abdominal  segment 
above,  and  the  posterior  margins  of  the  3rd  and 
5th  segments  broadly,  yellow  ;  wings  hyaline,  their  apical  margins 
broadly  fuscous. 

Var.  a.  The  front  above  the  antennas,  the  vertex  and  occiput 
black,  the  last  with  a  curved  brownish-red  transverse  stripe. 

Var.  (i.  Similar  to  Var.  a,  but  with  no  yellow  spots  on  the 
median  segment ;  the  clypeus  and  face  below  the  antennae,  and 
scape  of  the  latter  bright  yellow. 

Var.  y.  The  head  and  thorax  black,  with  the  yellow  markings 
as  in  the  type. 

Var.  S.  Very  much  larger ;  head  and  thorax  black ;  yellow 
markings  as  in  the  type,  with  the  addition  of  a  broad  curved 

i2 


308 


SPHEGIDjE. 


transverse  stripe  on  the  occiput,  and  a  geniculaled  stripe  behind 
the  eyes  yellow.    {Length  14  mm.) 

Bah.  Throughout  the  plains  of  India  ;  Bombay  ;  Bangalore ; 
Madras;  Burma;  Tenasserim  ;  Ceylon.  $  S-  Letiyth  9-11; 
exp.  18-21  mm. 

550.  Cerceris  pulchra,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890, 

pp.  250,  253,  pi.  X,  tig.  5. 
PPhilantlius  dissectus,  Fabr.  Ent.  Si/st.  Svjjpl.  p.  269. 

$  cJ  •  Closely  I'esembling  in  colour  and  markings  C.  alhopicta 
(p.  301) ;  but  constantly  smaller,  with  the  parts  which  in  the  latter 
species  are  white  a  rich  golden  yellow ;  also  the  spots  behind  the 
eyes,  on  the  mesopleurse,  and  on  the  lateral  apical  margins  of  the 
2nd  abdominal  segment  wanting,  as  well  as  the  line  on  the 
scutellum  ;  the  clypeus  is  angularly  incised  in  the  middle  ;  and  the 
enclosed  space  at  the  base  of  the  median  segment  is  punctured, 
not  smooth. 

This  species  may  be  the  Philanthus  dissectus  of  Fabricius,  which 
I  have  wholly  failed  to  identify. 

Hab.  Sikhim  ;  Barrackpore  ;  North-West  Provinces ;  Bombay. 
$  d .  Length  7-8  ;  eap.  14  mm. 

551.  Cerceris  vishnu,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890, 

pp.250,  254,  2  c?,pl.  X,  fig.  7*. 

2  .  Lamina  of  clypeus  projecting,  incised  anteriorly ;  head  and 
thorax  rugose,  punctured;  the  enclosed  space  at  the  base  of 
the  median  segment  nearly  obsolete,  coarsely  punctured  like 
the  rest  of  the  segment;  basal  segment  of  abdomen  a  little 
longer  than  broad.  Black  ;  the  clypeus  anteriorly,  the  antennal 
carina,  the  scape  of  the  antennae,  a  spot  on  each  cheek,  a  small 
mark  on  each  side  of  the  pronotum,  the  posterior  margins  of  the 
3rd  and  of  the  5th  abdominal  segment  in  the  middle,  the  anterior 
and  intermediate  tibiae  in  front,  and  the  bases  of  the  posterior  tibiai 
yellow ;  the  femora  beneath,  the  posterior  coxa;,  the  basal  abdominal 
segment  entirely  and  the  basal  half  of  the  2nd  segment  rufo- 
feri-uginous ;  wings  hyaline,  apex  of  fore  wing  fuscous. 

cJ  similar,  but  the  clypeus  truncate  not  incised,  basal  abdominal 
segment  entirely  and  the  basal  half  of  2nd  segment  black,  and 
the  posterior  margin  of  the  6th  segment  yellow. 

Hdb.  Barrackpore  ;  Bombay.     2  •  Length  8-9  ;  exp.  14  mm. 

a  little  smaller. 

552.  Cerceris  vigilans.  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  454,  d  ;  -^"'T*- 

1887,  p.  506  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ni,  1890,  p.  ioO. 
2  Clypeus  and  front  to  a  little  above  the  base  of  the  antenna; 
smooth,  with  only  a  few  scattered  punctures  ;  head  above,  the 
thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  somewhat  coarse  y  punctured ; 
clypeus  large,  broadly  arched  anteriorly,  the  apex  slightly  produced 
and  armed  with  three  broad  teeth  ;  antennal  carma  short  and 
broad;  median  segment  with  the  enclosed  space  at  base  bounded 
by  converging  furrows,  continued  after  their  junction  as  one  broad 


CERCEHTS, 


309 


vertical  furrow  to  the  apex  of  the  segment,  the  enclosed  space 
shining,  more  sparsely  piinctund  and  divided  by  a  medial,  longi- 
tudinal, short  groove;  abdomen  a  little  longer  lhau  the  liead 
and  thorax  united.  Blaeic,  covered  all  over  with  a  thin  hoary 
pubescence ;  a  broad  line  on  each  side  of  the  face  along  the  inner 
orbits  to  a  little  above  the  base  of  the  antenn£B,  a  medial  line 
from  the  anterior  ocellus  broadening  on  the  clypeus,  a  spot  on  each 
cheeli  close  to  the  vertex,  a  spot  on  each  side  of  the  pronotum, 
the  tibiffi  and  basal  joints  of  the  tarsi  of  all  the  legs  above,  and  two 
approximate  cup-shaped  marks  at  the  apex  of  the  basal  segment 
of  the  abdomen  above,  yellowish  white;  abdominal  segments  2-4 
ferruginous  red,  the  4th  shaded  with  fuscous  black ;  wings  dark 
fuscous  with  a  purple  effulgence. 

cJ  similar,  but  the  antennas  ferruginous  beneath. 

Hah.  Kumaun ;  Barrackpore  :  Bombay  ;  Madras  ;  Burma  ; 
Tenasserim.  5  .  Length  12-15  ;  exp.  24-30  mm.  d  •  Length 
9-12 ;  exp.  19-25  mm. 

553.  Cerceris  tristis,  Cam.  Mem.  Maneh.  L.  Ph.  Sue.  (4)  iii,  1890, 

pp.  250,  255,  pi.  X,  fig.  7. 

5  cJ.  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  C.  pictiventris ;  differs 
in  the  antennae  being  inserted  comparatively  higher  up  on  the 
front,  in  the  clypeus  ( d  )  being  subporrect  and  incised  at  apex, 
in  the  triangular  enclosed  space  at  the  base  of  the  median  segment 
being  punctured,  not  smooth,  and  also  in  this  segment  wanting 
the  posterior  lateral  spots  so  conspicuous  in  0.  pictiventris. 

Hah.  Barrackpore,  Tirhoot.  $  d  •  Length  7-9  ;  exp.  14-17  mm. 

554.  Cerceris  ferox,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  454,  J  ;  Schlett.  Zool.  Jahrb.  1887, 

p.  491 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  248. 

5  .  Head  from  the  front  very  short  and  broad  ;  eyes  slightly 
convergent  towards  the  vertex  ;  clypeus  deeply  and  very  broadly 
emarginate  anteriorly :  the  front  above  the  base  of  the  antennse, 
the  thorax,  and  basal  segment  of  abdomen  very 
closely  and  finely  punctured,  the  2nd  and  follow- 
ing abdominal  segments  lightly  punctured, smooth 
but  opaque ;  a  very  fine  obscure  carina  down  the 
front,  joining  the  carina  between  the  antennm, 
which  is  prominent ;  the  enclosed  space  at  base 
of  median   segment  small,  longitudinally  and 
_     finely  striate.     Black  ;  the  carina  above  the 
Pi   87  —Cerceris    ^^7?^^^'  both  sides,  and  the  sides  of 

ferox  2 .   i.  clypeus,  the  mandibles  at  base,  the  scape  of 

the  antennse,  an  ovate  spot  behind  each  eye,  two 
oblong  spots  placed  obliquely  on  the  vertex,  a  spot  on  each  side 
of  the  pronotum,  another  beneath  the  wings,  the  margins  of  the 
tegulse,  the  scutellum,  postscutellum,  a  spot  on  each  side  of  the 
median  segment  posteriorly,  two  minute  subapical  spots  above  on 
the  1st  abdominal  segment,  two  on  the  base  of  the  2nd,  and  sub- 
apical  bands  on  segments  2-5  yellow,  the  bands  on  segments  2-4 


310- 


SPHEGID^, 


widening  laterally;  legs  yellow,  a  fuscous  stripe  on  each  femur 
above  and  each  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibiae  behind  ;  the 
apical  joints  of  the  tarsi  ferruginous  ;  wings  fusco-hyaline,  darkest 
towards  the  costal  margin  and  the  apex  of  the  fore  wing.. 

Var.  wanting  the  oblique  yellow  spots  on  the  vertex,  the  spot 
beneath  the  wings,  and  the  svibapical  spots  on  the  basal  abdominal 
segment ;  scutelKim  and  posterior  legs  black. 

Bah.  Tenasserim ;  Sumatra.  §  .  Lewjtli  11-14  ;  exp.  20-24  mm. 
J  unknown. 

555.  Cerceris  mastogaster,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  463,  $  ;  Scklett.  Zool. 

Jahrb.  1887,  p.  496  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4;  iii,  1890, 
p.  249. 

$  .  Head  thinly  pubescent ;  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  coarsely 
and  closely  punctured,  the  clypeus  and  front  beneath  the  antennae 
and  the  poscscutellum  with  the  punctures  sparser ;  clypeus  with 
its  anterior  margin  very  slightly  emarginate,  almost  transverse ; 
enclosed  triangular  space  at  base  of  median  segment  smooth  and 
shining,  the  base  longitudinally  striate ;  a  series  of  single  punc- 
tures along  the  other  two  sides  of  the  triangle ;  the  medial  furrow 
narrow,  broadening  beyond  the  apex  of  the  triangle  and  continued  to 
the  apex  of  the  segrnent;  abdomen  with  ventral  segments  3-5 
having  laterally  small  erect  plates,  concave  within.  Head  and  thorax 
black ;  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  the  clypevis,  the  front  up  to  the 
base  of  the  autenuse,  the  scape  in  front,  the  antennal  carina,  the 
lateral  angles  of  the  pronotum,  the  tegulsB,  postscutellum,  tibiae 
and  tarsi  of  the  legs  white ;  the  sides  of  the  median  segment  red  ; 
abdomen  red,  two  small  spots  at  the  base  of  the  2nd  abdominal 
segment,  two  large  spots  covering  the  sides  of  the  3rd,  and  meeting 
in  a  thin  line  along  the  margin,  and  two  subtriangular  spots  laterally 
on  the  5th  segment  white  ;  the  4th  segment  laterally,  the  5th  at  its 
base  above,  and  the  apical  segment  black  ;  wings  hyaline,  fore  wing 
with  a  fuscous  spot  at  apex. 

Hab.  Madras.  2 .  Length  15 ;  exjx  27  mm.  6  unknown. 
Type  in  coll.  British  Museum. 

556.  Cerceris  unifasciata,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  456,  J        S  ) ;  Schktt. 

Zool.  Jahrb.  1887,  p.  505. 
cJ.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  rather  coarsely 
punctured ;  the  clypeus  convex,  its  anterior  margin  rounded ; 
antennal  carina  short,  scarcely  produced  above  the  base  of  the 
antennae  ;  the  enclosed  space  at  the  base  of  the  median  segment 
longitudinally  striate.  Black  ;  the  face  below  the  antenna3,  scape 
in  front,  mandibles,  an  obscure  Ime  on  each  lateral  tingle  of  the 
pronotum,  a  spot  on  each  tegula,  one  on  the  postscutellum,  a  spot  on 
each  side  at  the  apex  of  the  median  segment,  the  anterior  and  inter- 
mediate tibiffi  and  tarsi,  a  broad  band  on  the  apical  margni  of  the 
3rd  abdominal  segment,  and  the  apical  margins  of  ventral  segments 
2-5,  yellow  ;  the  apex  of  the  coxae,  the  trochanters  and  tips  of  the 


CEBOEEIS. 


femora,  and  the  apical  margins  of  abdominal  segments  2-5  above 
narrowly  Havo-testac-eous ;  the  Hagellum  oi  the  antennae  tulvous 

^'^'2  tii^ilar,  but  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  has  two  spots  at  its 
base,  and  the  -ith  and  5th  as  well  as  the  3rd  segment  a  broad  band 
of  yellow  on  their  apical  margins. 

Var.  The  band  on  the  4th  abdominal  segment  reduced  to  a  hne 
line  :  the  spots  at  the  apex  of  the  median  segment  absent.  _ 

Hab  SiLdiim;  Upper  Burma ;  Siara  frontier  of  Burma;  China. 
$  .  Length  11-12  ;  eccp.  2u-23  mm.     6  .  Length  8-9  ;  exp.  Ib- 

19  mm.  .         1    4.1.  1, 

Note.— The  type  specimen  in  the  British  Museum  is  a  male,  thougH 

described  by  Smith  in  the  Catalogue  as  a  female. 

*557.  Cerceris  nebulosa.  Cam.  Mem.  Marwh.  L.  Ph.  Soc  (4)  iii,  1890, 
pp.  250,  265. 

«  Eyes  sUghtly  diverging  beneath.  Ocelli  hardly  forming  a  tri- 
angle Clypeus  Hat,  the  middle  at  the  apex  turned  outwardly, 

widely  semi-c-ircularly  incised  and  separated  from  the  lateral  pieces 
by  projecting  beyond  them.  Head  closely  rugosely  punctured; 
the  cheeks  and  lateral  margins  of  the  clypeus  densely  covered 
with  silvery  white  hair.  Mesouotum  closely  and  finely,  longitu- 
dinally, rugosely  punctured  ;  the  pleurae  coarsely  rugose ;  trigonal 
area  finely  rugose.  Abdomen  twice  the  length  of  the  thorax  and 
narrower  than  it ;  the  petiole  not  much  broader  than  long;  the 
punctuation  of  the  segments  not  very  strong ;  the  pygidial  area 
closely  rugose,  hardly  narrowed  at  the  base  ;  the  apex  transverse. 

 The  third  joint  of  the  antennae  louger  and  thinner  than  the 

fourth.  The  cheeks,  clypeus,  orbits  broadly  above  the  base  of  the 
antennas,  a  spot  behind  the  eyes  near  the  top,  a  band  on  the  pro- 
notum,  scutellum,  postscutellum,  a  narrow  band  on  the  base  of  the 
2nd  abdominal  segment,  the  extreme  apex  of  the  petiole,  the  apical 
half  of  the  3rd  segment,  and  the  extreme  apex  of  the  4th,  reddish 
fulvous.  Legs  black  ;  the  anterior  tibiae  aud  tarsi  obscure  testaceous 
in  front.    Length  15  ram. 

"  Hab.  North  Khasi  HiUs,  Assam." 


558.  Cerceris  Mlaris,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  452,  $ ;  Schlett.  Zool.  Jahrh. 
1887,  p.  493  ;  Cam.  Metn.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  lii,  1890,  p.  249. 

2  d  .  Head  above,  thorax,  and  abdomen  more  or  less  closely  and 
not  very  finely  punctured ;  clypeus  porrect,  deeply  incised  anteriorly ; 
median  segm'ent  rather  more  finely  punctured,  an  enclosed  equi- 
laterally  triangular  space  at  base  finely  longitudinally  striate,  a 
deep  narrow  furrow  from  the  apex  of  the  enclosure  to  the  apex 
oE  the  segment ;  abdomen  long,  a  little  longer  than  the  head  and 
thorax  united.  Black  ;  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  a  transverse 
spot  on  the  clypeus,  the  inner  orbits  to  a  little  above  the  base  of 
the  antennae,  the  scape  in  front,  a  spot  on  each  side  of  the  vertex 
behind  the  eyes,  the  pronotum  posteriorly,  a  line  on  the  scutellum 


312 


SPHEGID^E, 


and  postscutellum,  a  large  oval  spot  on  each  side  of  the  median  seg- 
ment, and  transverse  bands  on  the  posterior  margins  of  abdominal 
segments  1-5  yellow,  the  bands  on  the  1st  bordered  posteriorly  and 
on  the  2-5  anteriorly  with  ferruginous  ;  legs  ferruginous ;  Wings 
hyaline,  shaded  with  fuscous,  especially  on  their  apical  half ; 
nervures  testaceous,  tegidte  yellow. 

Hah.  Northern  India  {Smith) ;  Madras.  ?  .  Length  11-13  ; 
exp.  23-24  mm.     d  .  Length  10-11 ;  exp.  22-23  mm. 

*559.  Cerceris  bifasciata,  Gu6r.  Iconog.  Riyn.  Anhn.  p.  443,  pi.  71 ,  fig.  9 ; 
Schlett.  Zonl.  Jahrh.  1887,  p.  487  :  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Sue 
(4)  iii,  1890,  p.  248. 

$  (?).  Entirely  fulvous,  punctured,  the  front  of  the  head 
below  the  insertion  of  the  antenna;,  the  scape  of  the  latter,  the 
base  of  the  mandibles,  the  3rd  and  5th  abdominal  segments  yellow. 
Wings  with  a  yellow  tint,  a  small  bi-own  spot  at  "apex.  Length 
5  mm." 

Hah.  Bengal.  I  have  failed  to  identify  this  species  in  any 
collection  I  have  examined. 

530.  Cerceris  elizabethae,  n.  sp.    (PI.  II,  fig.  8.) 

5 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  coarsely  cribrately  punctured, 
the  punctures  shallow  on  the  front  and  clypeus  ;  clypeus  with  the 
lamina  poi-rect,  its  anterior  margin  transverse ;  median  segment 
with  the  enclosed  space  at  base  broadly  triangular  aud  obliquely 
striate,  the  medial  furrow  indistinct,  the  mesosternum  beneath 
with  two  well-marked  tubercular  short  spines  ;  the  basal  segment 
of  the  abdomen  slender,  subcylindrical,  and  constricted  at  its 
apical  margin.  Black ;  the  base  of  the  mandibles  and  an  abbre- 
viated line  along  the  inner  orbits  yellow ;  basal  abdominal  segment 
entirely  and  basal  half  of  2ud  segment  red ;  antennee,  the  tibise  and 
tarsi  of  the  legs,  and  the  extreme  apex  of  the  abdomen  rufo- 
testaceous ;  wings  hyaline,  f uscescent  along  the  costal  margin  and 
at  apex  of  the  fore  wing ;  nervures  testaceous,  tegulae  black. 

Hah.  Thaungyin  Valley,  Tenasserim,  extending  into  Siam. 
2 .  Length  11  ;  exp.  20  mm.  c?  unknown.  Type  in  coll. 
British  Museum. 

561.  Cerceris  pentadonta.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Sac  (4)  iii, 
1890,  pp.  250  &  262,  pi.  x,  fig.  1-3. 

5 .  Clypeus  and  the  front  of  the  face,  the  pronotum  and 
scutellum  smooth  with  a  few  scattered  punctures,  the  head  above, 
mesonotum,  median  segment,  and  abdomen  rather  closely  punc- 
tured ;  clypeus  subporrect,  the  apex  slightly  produced  and  incised, 
and  bearing  five  teeth  ;  median  segment  with  the  enclosed  space 
at  its  base  small,  very  finely  obliquely  striate,  and  obscm-ely 
channelled  down  the  middle,  the  channel  continued  as  a  broad 
furrow  beyond  the  apex  of  the  enclosed  space  to  the  apex  of  the 


CEECEEIS. 


313 


segment ;  abdomen  long,  longei-  than  fcbe  head  and  thorax  united. 
Black ;  a  broad  short  line  along  the  lower  part  o£  the  inner  orbits, 
the  antennal  carina,  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  post- 
scntellum,  and  the  3rd  abdominal  segment  and  apical  margin  of 
the  5th  orange-yellow  ;  flagellum  of  the  antennce  beneath  fulvous ; 
wings  fusco-hyaline,  darker  along  the  costal  margin  of  the  fore 
wing ;  nervures  blackish  brown,  tegulas  black,  with  the  outer  margin 
yellow. 

Bah.  Barrackpore.  5  .  Lemjtli  8 ;  exp.  19  mm.  ^  unknown. 
Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 

562.  Cerceris  kirhyi,  n.  sp. 

2 .  Front  and  vertex  of  the  head  strongly  punctured,  thorax 
and  abdomen  smooth,  the  surface  of  the  mesonotum  and  the  basal 
abdominal  segments  finely  longitudinally  aciculate ;  clypeus  sub- 
triangular,  broad,  convex  at  base,  with  a  subapical  transverse 
depression,  the  anterior  margin  arched  and  narrowly  reversed ; 
antennal  carina  rising  from  a  tubercular  prominence  below  the 
base  of  the  antennae  ;  median  segment  with  the  enclosed  space  at 
base  smooth  or  only  obsoletely  transversely  striate,  a  medial 
furrow  commencing  at  the  apex  of  the  enclosure  and  running 
to  the  apex  of  the  segment ;  abdomen  with  the  basal  segment 
long,  flattened,  forming  a  marked  petiole.  Dark  shining  brown  ; 
the  clypeus  and  front  with  silvery  pile  seen  only  in  certain 
lights ;  clypeus,  the  sides  of  the  face,  the  antennal  carina,  a 
transverse  line  on  the  occiput  continued  more  broadly  over  the 
cheeks,  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles, 
tegulse,  two  spotn  on  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum  near  its  apex, 
a  spot  on  the  mesopleursB,  another  below  it  on  the  mesosternum, 
the  scutellum,  postseutellura,  sides  of  the  median  segment,  base 
and  apex  of  the  petiole,  basal  half  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment, 
the  8rd  segment  above,  the  apical  margin  of  the  4th  and  more 
broadly  of  the  5th  segment,  pale  straw-yellow ;  the  3rd  segment 
with  a  transverse  oval  brown  spot  at  base ;  apical  segment  rufo- 
testaceous  ;  legs  yellow,  the  anterior  and  intermediate  coxte  and 
femora  at  base  above,  the  posterior  coxae  beneath,  and  the  femora 
and  tibiae  above,  with  the  tarsi,  brown  ;  wings  hyaline,  beautifully 
iridescent,  the  costal  margin  narrowly  and  the  stigma  and  apex  of 
the  fore  wing  fuscescent,  nervures  brown ;  flagellum  of  the  antennae 
dark  reddish  brown. 

Hah.  Tenasserim.  $  .  Length  8 ;  exp.  14  mm.  S  unknown. 
Type  in  coll.  British  Museum. 

This  pretty  and  very  distinct  little  species  bears  a  curious 
resemblance  to  the  savage  little  social  wasp,  Icaria  Jlavopicta, 
Smith. 


31-i 


SPHBGIDiE. 


Genus  OXYBELUS. 

Vespa,  pt.,  Linn.  Sijst.  Nat.  i,  p.  948  (1766). 

Apis,  pt. ;  Nomada,  pt.,  Fabr.  Mant.  i,  pp.  299  &  306  (1787). 

Crabio,  pt.,  Fahr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  293  (1793). 

Oxybelus,  Zatr.  Hist.  Nat.  Crnst.  et  Ins.  xiii,  p.  307  (1805). 

Type,  0.  lineatus,  Fabr. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  subglobose,  about  as  wide  as  the  thorax ;  elypeus  transverse, 
narrow,  auteunis  filiform  or  subclavate ;  thorax  short,  compact ;  pro- 

notum  transverse  posteriorly,  linear  ; 
scutellum  transverse,  lunular,  having 
at  its  lateral  angles  a  projecting 
squama ;  median  segment  truncate 
posteriorly,  vt'ith  at  its  base  a  mucro, 
which  is  generally  in  the  shape  o£  a 
spout,  the  lateral  edges  being  re- 
curved ;  sometimes  it  is  flat  and 
lamellar,  the  apex  often  incised;  legs 
Oxyhehis  trideMus,  S  ■  f-  moderately  long  and  stout,  the  an- 
terior tarsi  strongly  cihated  in  the 
female  ;  intermediate  and  posterior  tibia?  spinose,  the  former  with 
one  apical  spine  or  spur ;  fore  wing  with  the  radial  cell  slightly 
appendiculate,  and  one  cubital  cell  which  is  confluent  with  the  2ud 
discoidal  cell;  abdomen  subtruncate  at  base,  conical,  short  and 
broad. 

Nothing,  so  far  as  I  know,  is  on  record  of  the  habits  of  the 
Eastern  species  belonging  to  this  genus.  The  European  species 
form  tunnels  in  sandy  ground,  and  store  the  nests  so  formed  with 
Diptera. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Mucro  lamellar. 
a.  Mucro  bright  coppery  red:   $,  length 

7  mm  • 

h.  Mucro  black,  apex  ferruginous  :  $ ,  length 
9  mm  

B.  Mucro  not  lamellar,  but  with  the  sides 

curved  up. 
a.  Lateral  squamse  always  present. 
a' .  Clypeus  cavinate. 

ffl^  Carina  broad,  slightly  projecting  at 

apex  of  clypeus  

h'.  Carina  narrow,  very  prominent  and 
projecting,   curved   over  apex  of 

clypeus  

h'.  Clypeus  not  carinate. 

a^.  Anterior   margin    of    clj'peus  tri- 

dentate  

h^.  Anterior  margin  of  clypeus  trans- 
verse or  arched. 
a'.  Mucro  rounded  at  apex   


O.  squa7nosus,  p.  315. 
0.  robustiis,  p.  315. 

0.  sabulosus,  p.  316. 
O.  agilis,  p.  316. 
0.  tridentatm,  p.  317. 
0.  nanus,  p.  317. 


OXTBBLUS. 


315 


6\  Muci'o  incised  at  apex. 

a^.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median 
segment  Delow  mucro  smooth. 
a^.  Margins  of  abdominal  seg- 
ments 2-5  with  transverse 

bands  of  yellow   0.  ruficornis,  p.  317. 

J'.  Abdominal  segments  1-4  with 

lateral  yellow  spots   0.  cestuosus,  p.  318. 

J*.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median 
segment  below  mucro  punc- 
tured ?    0.  insularis,  p.  318. 

c'.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median 
segment  below  mucro  finely 

shagreened    O.Jlavipes,  p.  319. 

tZ'.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median 
segment  below  mucro  coarsely 

rugose    O.fulvopiloms,  p.  319. 

e*.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median 
segment  below  mucro  widely 

oblitiuely  striate    0.  canescens,  p.  320. 

b.  Lateral  squamoe  obsolete    O.  lewisi,  p.  320. 


563.  Oxytelus  squamosus,  Smith,  Tr.  Ent.  Soc  1875,  p.  38,  5 ;  Cam. 
Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soe.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  276. 

$  .  Head  and  mesonotum  strongly  punctured,  in  certain  lights 
appearing  striate  ;  front  below  the  vertex  and  clypeus  pubescent, 
with  adpressed  hairs ;  pronotum  smooth ;  scutellum  and  post- 
scutellum  sparsely  punctured,  the  projecting  laminfe  shght,  the 
median  mucro  large,  leaf-like,  and  deeply  incised  at  apex ;  median 
segment  short,  the  apex  abruptly  truncate,  smooth,  the  sides  above 
with  three  or  four  short  obscure  divergent  carinse,  and  the  upper 
border  of  the  truncated  apex  with  another  bisinuate  carina ; 
abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured.  Black ;  the  scape  of  the 
antennae  beneath,  a  broad  line  on  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  two 
lateral  spots  on  the  scutellum,  and  large  elongated  spots  on  the 
sides  of  abdominal  segments  1-4  yellow ;  the  flagellum  of  the 
antennte  beneath,  the  mucro,  the  anterior  tibiae,  the  intermediate 
femora  and  tibiae,  and  the  posterior  femora  bright  ferruginous,  the 
anterior  femora  black  with  the  apices  yellow,  the  posterior  tibiae 
and  all  the  tarsi  f  usco-ferruginous  ;  wings  hyahne,  nervures  pale 
testaceous. 

Bab.  Barrackpore ;  Ceylon.     5  .  Length  7  ;  exp.  14  mm. 


564.  Oxybelus  robustus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890, 
p.  276,  pi.  X,  fig.  21. 

$ .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  somewhat  closely  and  finely 
punctured ;  clypeus  much  broader  than  high,  its  anterior  margin 
transverse,  nearly  truncate ;  scutellum  with  a  very  short  medial 
longitudinal  carina  at  its  posterior  margin  continued  over  the 
postscutelhim  ;  squamao  subtriangular,  arched  on  the  outside,  curved 
inwards  on  the  inside  ;  mucro  lamellar,  as  broad  as  long,  its  apex 


316 


SPHBGIDjE. 


incised,  lateral  margins  not  curved  upwards ;  median  segment 
below  the  mucro  shining,  widely  reticulate,  with  an  inner  and 
outer  carina  on  each  side  all  converging  towards  the  apex,  which 
is  deeply  longitudinally  furrowed.  Black ;  the  clypeus,  front,  and 
cheeks  with  silvery  jjubescence ;  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pro- 
notum,  a  spot  on  the  lateral  angles  of  the  scutellum,  the  squamse, 
and  an  elongate  spot  widest  in  the  middle  on  each  side  of  the  basal 
four  abdominal  segments  above,  ivory-white  ;  base  of  the  mandibles, 
antenna},  apex  of  the  mucro,  anterior  and  intermediate  femora, 
tibiae  and  tarsi,  and  posterior  femora  ferruginous ;  the  antennae 
and  the  outside  of  the  intermediate  tibioB  shaded  with  fuscous; 
wings  hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulas  pale  testaceous. 

Bah.  Poona,  Bombny.  $ .  Length  9 ;  exp.  17  mm.  S  un- 
known.   Type  in  coll.  ilothney. 

565.  Oxyhelus  sabulosus,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  388,  ? ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch. 

L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  276. 

5  .  Closely  resembles  0.  ayilis.  Differs  in  the  clypeus  being 
broadly  not  narrowly  keeled,  the  keel  not  produced,  the  anterior 
margin  waved;  the  scutellar  squama  transparent  with  a  stripe 
of  yellow,  the  mucro  broader  ;  the  markings  larger,  bright  yellow 
not  yellowish  white ;  the  apex  of  the  femora  and  the  tibise  of 
the  anterior  and  intermediate  legs  and  the  basal  half  of  the  tibiae 
of  the  posterior  legs  bright  yellow,  the  basal  and  apical  two  joints 
of  the  tiagellum  of  the  antennae  and  the  tarsi  ferruginous. 

Hah.  India  (Smith).     5  .  Length  6  ;  exp.  12  mm. 

566.  Oxytelus  agilis,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  387,     ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch. 

L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  276. 

(5 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured ; 
scutellum  large,  prominent,  the  punctures  on  it  larger  and  more 
scattered ;  clypeus  with  a  prominent  narrow  shining  keel  down 
the  middle,  the  apex  of  the  keel  produced  and  curved  over  the 
apical  margin  of  the  clypeus  ;  the  scutellum  and  postscutellum 
with  a  medial  longitudinal  carina,  the  scutellar  squama  large, 
curved  on  the  outside,  the  mucro  at  base  of  median  segment 
narrow,  concave,  the  sides  recurved,  the  apex  slightly  incised; 
median  segment  beneath  coarsely  reticulate,  with  an  inner  and 
outer  carina  on  each  side  all  converging  towards  the  apex  of  the 
segment.  Black ;  the  clypeus  and  cheeks  with  silvery  pubescence, 
a  medially  interrupted  line  on  the  pronotum,  the  tulDercles,  the 
scutellar  squamae,  the  anterior  and  intermediate  femora  beneath, 
the  extreme  bases  of  the  posterior  tibice  above,  and  medially 
interrupted  subapical  lines  on  abdominal  segments  1-5  above, 
yellowish  white ;  the  flagellum  of  the  antennas,  the  anterior  and 
intermediate  tibiaj  and  tarsi,  and  the  posterior  tarsi  ferruginous ; 
wings  hyaline,  nervures  testaceous. 

Hah.  India  (Smith),     cj .  Length  7 ;  erp.  12  mm. 


OXtBELUS. 


317 


567.  Oxybelus  tridentatus,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  387,  c?  ;  Cam.  Mem. 

Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  276. 

cJ .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  punctured,  the  punctures  dense, 
not  very  fine  on  the  head  and  thorax,  more  minute  on  the  abdomen  ; 
clypeus  with  its  anterior  margin  produced  into  three  prominent 
teeth ;  mesonotura,  scutellum,  and  postscutellum  with  a  medial 
longitudinal  carina  not  quite  reaching  the  anterior  margin  of  the 
mesonotum ;  squaraaj  transparent  on  the  outer  half,  mucro  at  base 
of  median  segment  arched  upwards,  concave,  the  sides  recurved, 
the  apex  rounded;  median  segment  beneath  very  smooth  and 
shilling  in  the  middle,  pubescent  and  obliquely  striate  on  the 
sides.  Black ;  the  scape  of  the  antennae,  the  posterior  margin  of 
the  pronotum,  a  spot  on  each  lateral  angle  of  the  scutellum,  the 
inner  sides  of  the  squamae,  the  anterior  and  intermediate  tibite  in 
front,  the  posterior  tibise  at  base  above,  a  broad  fascia  on  the  basal 
abdominal  segment  and  a  narrow  one  on  the  following  four  segments 
white  or  yellow,  these  fascite  all  more  or  less  broadly  interrupted  in 
the  middle  ;  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae  beneath,  the  anterior  and 
intermediate  tibiaj  below,  and  the  tarsi  ferruginous  ;  wings  hyaline, 
nervures  and  tegulae  dark  testaceous. 

Var.  with  the  anterior  and  intermediate  femora  more  or  less 
marked  with  yellow. 

Rab.  India  (Smith) ;  Dawnat  Range,  Tenasserim.  cS .  Length 
6-7  ;  exp.  12-13  mm.     $  unknown. 

568.  Oxybelus  nanus,  n.  sp. 

c? .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  very  finely  punc- 
tured, the  head  and  thorax  having  a  granular  appearance  ;  clypeus 
anteriorly  arched;  medial  carina  on  the  scutellam  and  post- 
scutellum indistinct;  squamae  large,  outwardly  transparent; 
mucro  small,  much  narrowed,  the  sides  much  curved  over,  nearly 
forming  n  tube,  apex  rounded ;  median  segment  beneath  the 
mucro  reticulate,  the  space  enclosed  by  the  inner  carinEe  small, 
shining  at  apex.  Black ;  the  clypeus  and  front  with  thick  glistening 
silvery  pile  ;  a  hue  on  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  a  spot  at  each 
lateral  angle  of  the  scutellum,  the  postscutellum,  the  squamse 
inwardly,  the  anterior  femorfv,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  all  the  legs, 
the  intermediate  and  posterior  femora  beneath,  a  very  large  sub- 
triangular  spot  on  each  side  of  the  basal  two  abdominal  segments, 
and  narrow  linear  spots  on  each  side  of  the  two  following  segments 
yellow;  antennae  fulvous;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulae 
testaceous. 

Hub.  Rangoon,  Burma.  J  .  Length  4 ;  exp.  7  mm.  ?  unknown. 
Type  in  coll.  British  Museum. 

569.  Oxybelus  ruficornis,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  388, 2 :  Catn.  Mem.  Manch 

L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  276. 

2 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured 
and  pubescent ;  the  scutellum  with  a  medial  carina  continued  over 


318  sPiiBGrD^. 


the  postscutellum  between  the  scutellar  lateral  lamella?,  which  are 
broad,  and  roundly  curved  on  the  outside,  the  inner  sides  emarginate, 
the  apex  acute ;  mucro  narrow,  not  dilated  at  apex,  and  slightly 
but  widely  incised  ;  the  median  segment  beneath  truncate,  smooth 
and  shining  in  the  middle,  the  sides  obliquely  striate.  Black  ;  the 
base  of  the  mandibles,  the  scape  of  the  antenna},  a  line  on  the 
pronotum,  the  tubercles,  an  ovate  spot  on  each  side  of  the  scutellum, 
the  scutellar  lamellae,  the  apex  of  the  mucro,  the  apices  of  the 
femora,  the  tibia?  and  tarsi,  a  large  spot  on  each  side  of  the  basal 
abdominal  segment,  a  line  emarginate  anteriorly  on  the  margin  of 
the  2nd,  and  a  complete  line  on  the  margins  of  the  3rd  and  4tli 
segments,  yellow  ;  the  antennae,  the  coxse  and  femora,  and  a  stain 
on  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibisD  in  front  ferrugincu?; 
wings  hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulse  ferruginous. 

Hah.  India  (Smith).  ?  .  Leiigth  5-5  ;  exp.  11  mm.  d  unknown. 
Type  in  coll.  British  Museum. 

570.  Oxybelus  sestuosus,  n.  sp. 

d  .  Head  and  thorax  very  closely  and  coarsely,  abdomen  much 
more  finely  punctured ;  clypeus  very  narrow,  transverse  ;  meso- 
notum,  scutellum,  and  postscutellum  with  a  medial  lougitudmal 
carina  ;  the  apex  of  the  mesonotum,  the  scutellum,  postscutellum, 
and  inside  of  the  mucro  except  at  apex  reticulate  ;  median  segment 
broad,  the  sides  above  obliquely  and  widely  striate  up  to  a  lateral 
carina,  below  that  nearly  smooth,  obscurely  transversely  stnate; 
the  enclosed  triangular"  space  at  base  below  the  mucro,  and  the 
apex  of  the  median  segment  beyond  smooth  and  shmmg;  the 
squamsB  rounded  ;  the  apex  of  the  mucro  deeply  incised,  its  sides 
slightly  recurved.  Black  ;  the  scape  of  the  antenna;,  the  posterior 
maro-in  of  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  squamte,  the  anterior  and 
intermediate  femora  beneath,  the  tibite  and  tarsi,  the  posterior 
tibiffi  above  and  the  tarsi,  and  elongate  narrow  subapicnl  spots  on 
each  side  of  the  basal  four  abdominal  segments,  yellow  ;  the 
clvpeus,  front,  and  cheeks  mth  a  thin  silvery  pubescence ;  wings 
hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulte  testaceous. 

Hah.  Tenasserim.  c? .  Length  5-5;  exp.  10  mm.  ?  unknown. 
Type  in  coll.  British  Museum. 

*571  OxYbelns  insularis,  Kohl,  Termess.  Fuzetek.  1884,  p.  109,  $  ; 
Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  2/6. 

Q  "  Black ;  mandibles  yellow  ;  a  line  on  the  pronotum,  the 
tuber'cles,  a  spot  on  each  side  of  the  scuteUum,  the  internal  margin 
of  the  squam^,  and  sublinear  small  spots  on  the  1-4  abdominal 
segments  laterally,  ivory-white.  Anal  segment  black.  Legs  blaek, 
variegated  with  red  and  ivory-white.  Wings  subhyalme.  Pm  c- 
tures'somewhat  sparse,  denser  on  the  abdomen  than  in  O.^v^belus 
mandihularis.  Mesothorax  shining,  sparsely  punctured.  Mucro 
not  dilated  at  apex  and  lightly  emarginate. 

Hah.  »  Ceylon.     $  .  Length  5  mm. 


OXYJ3ELITS. 


319 


*572.  Oxybelus  flavipes,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890, 
pp.  270  &  277. 

"  Head  closely  punctured,  the  face,  cheeks,  and  front  densely 
covered  with  golden  pubescence;  the  clypeus  in  the  middle 
and  trophi  yellow ;  the  tips  oi  the  mandibles  black,  piceous  red 
before  the  black.  Thorax  punctured  closely,  covered  with  pale 
pubescence  ;  a  line  on  the  collar,  tubercles,  tegulfc,  the  scutellum, 
except  at  the  apex,  clear  stramineous-yellow ;  the  lateral  plates 
of  the  metanotum  pale  vellow.  Pronotum  rounded,  the  sides 
obhquely  truncate;  scutellum  stoutly  keeled  dowu  the  centre ; 
the  central  mucor  [mucro  ?]  longer  than  broad,  very  slightly  and 
gradually  dilated  towards  the  apex,  which  is  acutely  and  somewhat 
triangularly  incised  ;  the  lateral  plates  are  large,  curved  outwardly, 
and  ending  in  a  sharply  triangular  point ;  median  segment  with 
an  oblique  slope,  finely  shagreened  ;  there  is  a  short  furrow  below 
the  central  mucor  [mucro  ?J  ;  two  keels  run  from  the  lateral  plates, 
becoming  united  near  the  apex  of  the  segment,  and  two  other 
keels  run  from  the  sides ;  metapleuras  finely  longitudinally 
shagreened.  Abdomen  shining,  closely  punctured,  a  yellow  line  on 
the  sides  of  the  segments  ;  pygidial  area  densely  covered  with 
stiff  depressed  golden  hairs.  Wings  clear  hyaline,  the  recurrent 
nervure  quite  straight,  not  oblique,  and  received  before  the  middle 
of  the  radial  cellule.    Length  nearly  5  mm." 

Hah.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.    Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 

573.  OxybeluS  fulvopilosus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii, 
1890,  pp.  276  &  279,  pi.  x,  fig.  23. 
2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  minutely  and  closely  punctured, 
the  punctures  on  the  head  very  dense  and  minute ;  clypeus  broad, 
transverse,  its  anterior  margin  arched,  not  _  carinate ;  scutellum 
posteriorly  with  a  prominent  medial  longitudinal  carina  contmued 
over  the  postscutellum  ;  squamre  punctured,  acute  at  apex;  mucro 
narrow,  the  sides  recurved,  the  apex  deeply  incised;  median 
segment  beneath  shining,  with  the  usual  four  convergent  cariuEe, 
the  space  enclosed  by  the  inner  carinsB  coarsely  rugose  at  base,  the 
apex  with  a  deep  shining  fovea.  Black  ;  the  clypeus,  front  and 
cheeks,  and  sides  of  the  thorax  with  a  thin  silvery  pubescence,  and 
the  vertex  of  the  head  and  apical  segment  of  the  abdomen  above  with 
an  obscure  fulvous  pubescence ;  the  scape  in  front,  the  posterior 
margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  a  spot  on  the  lateral  angles 
of  the  scutellum,  the  squamae,  the  anterior  and  intermediate  femora 
beneath,  the  posterior  tibiae  above,  and  large  oval  spots  on  both 
sides  of  abdominal  segments  1-5  above,  yellow  ;  the  flagellum  of 
the  antennffi,  the  anterior  and  intermediate  tibia  and  tarsi,  and 
the  posterior  tarsi  more  or  less  fulvo-ferruginous  ;  wings  hyaline, 
nervures  and  tegulfe  testaceous. 

Barrackpore,  Bengal.     <^  .  Length  1 ;  exp.l^  mm.     cJ  un- 
known.   Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 


320 


574.  Oxybelus  canescens,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890, 
pp.  276  &  278,  pi.  s,  fig.  22. 

d .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  but  not 
densely  punctured ;  clypeus  with  its  anterior  margin  arched ; 
scutellum  and  postscutellum  with  a  medial  longitudinal  carina ; 
squamffi  small,  rounded  on  the  outside;  mucro  long,  concave,  the 
sides  recurved,  the  apex  deeply  incised ;  median  segment  beneath 
shining,  an  inner  and  outer  carina  on  each  side  all  converging 
towards  the  apex  of  the  segment ;  the  triangular  space  enclosed  by 
the  inner  carinse  and  the  space  between  the  inner  and  outer  carinas 
with  wide,  not  conspicuous  oblique  stria* ;  the  apex  of  the  enclosed 
triangular  space  very  smooth  and  shining.  Black ;  the  clypeus, 
sides  of  the  face,  cheeks,  and  sides  of  the  median  segment  with  a 
thin  silvery  pubescence ;  the  scape  of  the  antennas,  the  posterior 
margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  a  large  spot  on  each  lateral 
angle  of  the  scutellum,  the  postscutellum,  squamae,  and  apex  of  the 
mucro,  the  anterior  and  intermediate  femora  at  apex,  thetibite  and 
tarsi,  a  large  spot  on  e£ich  side  of  the  basal  abdominal  segment, 
a  more  elongate  subtriangular  spot  nearly  meeting  in  the  middle 
on  each  side  of  the  2nd  segment,  and  narrow,  anteriorly  emarginate, 
transverse  stripes  on  the  3rd  and  4th  segments  above,  ivory-white  ; 
the  flagellum  of  the  antennae  and  a  stain  beneath  on  each  inter- 
mediate and  posterior  tibia  ferruginous  ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures 
and  tegulae  yellowish  white. 

Hab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.  ?  .  Length  7  ;  exja.  12  mm.  d  un- 
known.   Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 

*575,  Oxyhelus  lewisi,  Cam.  Mem.  MancJi.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890, 
p.  282. 

"  Black ;  densely  covered  with  a  short  silvery  pubescence ;  the 
punctuation  close,  moderately  strong;  the  mandibles,  tubercles, 
teo-ulffi  in  part,  two  elongate  marks  on  the  scutellum,  metanotum, 
a  fine  running  from  the  scutellum  and  metanotum  to  the  wings,  a 
lateral  mark  on  abdominal  segments  1-5,  and  the  knees,  tibiae,  and 
tarsi,  in  front,  yellow;  wings  clear  hyaline,  the  nervures  pale 
fulvous.  OceUi  m  a  curve,  the  hinder  separated  by  the  length  of 
the  3rd  antennal  joint ;  eyes  rounded  inwardly,  converging  beneath  ; 
the  pubescence  on  the  head  in  front  long  and  dense  ;  the  punctua- 
tion finely  rugose.  Scutellum  above  flat,  laterally  obliquely 
maro-ined  •  the  apex  of  the  metanotum  rounded,  without  laminaj. 
Meclian  segment  above  laterally  obliquely,  below  transversely 
striolate,  the  striations  wide  apart  and  stout ;  shining,  impunctate  ; 
metapleurce  finely  rugose,  obliquely  striated;  the  spme  at  the  ba^e 
of  the  median  segment  stout,  acute.  Abdomen  shining,  aciculate, 
densely  pilose ;  pygidial  area  acutely  pointed,  the  pubescence 
fulvous,  at  the  apex  dense ;  the  base  of  the  petiole  depressed 
striolated.  The  recurrent  nervure  is  received  somewhere  beyond 
the  basal  third  of  the  radial  cellule.    Length  6  mm." 

"  Hab.  Nugata,  Ceylon." 


CHABRO. 


321 


Genus  CEABRO. 

Spliex,  pt.,  Linn.  Faun.  Suec.  p.  411  (1761). 

vespa,  pt.,  Linn.  Faun.  Suec.  p.  415  (1761). 

Crabro,  pt.,  Fabr.  Si/st.  Ent.  p.  373  (1775). 

Rbopalura,  pt.,  Kirby,  Steph.  Si/st.  Cat  p.  366  (1829). 

Solenius,  Bleplinripus,  Ceratocolus,  Thyreopus,  Crossocerus,  Linde- 

nius,  Corynopus,  Pbysoscelus,  Dasyproctus,  Lepel.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent. 

Fr.  iii  (1834),  pp.  712-804. 
Entomognathus,  Ectemnius,   Brachymerus,  Megapodium,  Dahlb. 

Bym.  Eur.  i,  pp.  295,  389,  &  519  (1S46). 
Podagritus,  Spin.  Oay,  Chile,  vi,  p.  353  (1851). 

Type,  C.  cribrarius.  Linn. 
Eange.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  large,  subrotund  or  subquadrate ;  mandibles  simple  or 
bidentate ;  clypeus  h-ansverse,  nearly  always  pilose ;  front  often 
excavate  or  furrowed ;  antennae  geniculate,  inserted  at  the  base  of 
the  clypeus ;  ocelli  normal,  generally  placed  in 
the  centre  of  the  vertex ;  thorax  ovate,  pro- 
notum  short  transverse ;  scutellum  prominent, 
lunulate ;  median  segment  very  short,  steeply 
sloped,  sometimes  truncate,  always  with  a 
triangular  or  subcordate  enclosed  space  at 
base ;  front  wing  with  one  radial  and  one 
cubital  cell,  radial  cell  slightly  appendiculate, 
Fig.  89.— CraJro  cubital  cell  receiving  the  one  recurrent  ner- 
auricomus,  J .  f .  'vure  towards  the  apex ;  legs  short,  stout, 
spinose,  the  tarsi  longer  than  the  tibioe,  the 
joints  of  the  anterior  tarsi  in  some  species  dilated  in  the  male ; 
abdomen  pseudosessile,  subpetiolate  or  petiolate  ;  in  some  species 
the  basal  abdominal  segment  is  closely  applied  to  the  median 
segment,  almost  truncate  at  base,  in  others  it  is  subclavate,  or 
again  distinctly  petiolate,  nodose  at  the  apex. 

Very  little  is  known  of  the  habits  of  the  Oriental  forms  of  this 
genus.  Some  of  the  European  species  are  known  to  make  their 
burrows  in  bramble-sticks  and  decayed  wood,  and  to  store  Aphidce 
as  food  for  their  larvae.  In  Burma  I  once  noticed  0.  opifex 
carrying  oif  Aphida  from  a  rose-tree  in  my  garden ;  but  I  could 
not  trace  her  to  her  nest. 


Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Abdomen  petiolate. 

a.  Petiole  long,  linear,  nodose  at  apex. 

a'.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median 
segment  longitudinally  striate;  sides 

smooth ;  abdomen  immaciUate   C.  opifex,  p.  323. 

b'.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median  seg- 
ment finely  obliquely  striate  ;  sides 
coarsely  striate ;  2nd  and  4th  abdo- 
minal segments  marked  with  greenish 

yellow    a  brookii,  p.  323. 

VOL.  I.  T 


322 


sphegidji:. 


c'.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median  sefr- 
ment  coarsely  reticulate  ;  3rd,  4tli, 
and  5th  abdominal  segments  marked 
with  bright  yellow   C.  buddha,  p.  323. 

d'.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median  seg- 
ment coarsely  obliquely  striate  ;  sides 
smooth  ;  2nd  and  4th  abdominal  seg- 
ments with  oblique  spots,  5th  with  a 

transverse  band  greenish  yellow   ....    C.  orienialis,  p,  324. 
e'.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median  seg- 
ment   very  smooth,    polished,  and 
shining;  sides  punctured;  1st,  2nd, 
4th,  5th,  and  6th  abdominal  segments 

marked  with  yellow    C.flavopictus,  p.  324. 

6.  Petiole   short,    sub-pyriform,  gradually 
widened  from  base  to  apex. 
a'.  Basal  joint  of  anterior  tarsi  twisted, 

dilated,  and  dentate  at  base    C  odontophwus,  p.  325. 

6'.  Basal  joint  of  anterior  tarsi  normal,  not 

twisted   C.  ardms,  p.  325. 

B.  Abdomen  non-petiolate. 

a.  Mesonotuni  longitudinally  striate. 

a'.  Abdomen  with  the  2nd,  3rd,  and  4th 

segments  with  lateral  yellow  spots : 

L.  10  mm   C.  sodalia,  p.  326. 

b'.  Abdomen,  1st  segment  with  a  yellow 

transverse  baud  emitting  a  quadrate 

spot  anteriorly  ;  2nd  to  6th  seg- 
ments with  transverse  yellow  fascise  : 

L.  14  mm   C  insignis,  p.  326. 

c'.  Abdomen,  segments  1-4  with  lateral 

yellow  spots  ;  5th  segment  with  a 

transverse  yellow  band  :  L.  7-8  mm.     C.  spinifrons,  p.  327. 

b.  Mesonotum  anteriorly  transversely,  poste- 

riorly obliquely  striate    C.  auricomus,  p.  327. 

c.  Mesonotum  punctured. 

a'.  Enclosed  triangular  space  at  base  of 

median  segment  reticulate   C.  quadriceps,  p.'  327. 

v.  Enclosed  triangular  space  at  base  of 
median  segment  longitudinally  striate. 
a-.  Abdomen  with  the  apical  margins  of 
segments    1-5    narrowly  reddish, 
bases  of  segments  2-6  lined  vsdth 

silvery  pile    C.  argentatus,  p.  328. 

h^.  Abdomen  with  lateral  yellow  spots 

on  segments  1-5  ,    C.  bellus,  p.  328. 

c'.  Enclosed  triangular  space  at  base  ot 
median  segment  obliquely  striate. 
a^.  Mesonotum  densely  and  minutely 

punctured,  opaque-looking    C.  palitans,  p.  329. 

b"^.  Mesonotum  lightly  punctured   C.  fuscipennis,  p.  329. 

d.  Mesonotum  with  two  short,  medial,  longi- 

tudinally-impressed Mnes  anteriorly,  and 

a  deep  round  fovea  on  each  side  of  them.    C.  nanus,  p.  330. 

e.  Mesonotum  smooth  and  shining,  not  punc- 

tui-ed  or  striate    C.  nitidus,  p.  330. 


CBABUO. 


323 


576.  Crabro  opifex,  n.  sp. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  opaque,  with  dense,  extremely- 
fine  punctures,  the  posterior  raargia  of  the  mesonotum,  posterior 
margin  of  the  scutellum,  and  the  enclosed  portion  at  the  base  o£ 
the  median  segment  longitudinally  striate,  the  apex  of  the  petiole 
and  extreme  base  of  the  2nd  segment  of  the  abdomen  polished  and 
shining.  Black,  the  clypeus  and  the  cheeks  behind  the  eyes  with 
silvery  pile,  the  sides  and  apex  of  the  median  segment  with  soft 
downy  white  pubescence ;  the  scape  of  the  antennae  in  front,  a 
broad  line  on  the  pronotum  narrowly  interrupted  in  the  middle, 
the  tubercles,  two  spots  on  the  scutellum  laterally,  a  line  on  the 
postseutellum,  the  anterior  tibiae,  the  apex  of  the  intermediate 
tibiae,  and  the  posterior  tibiae  above  yellow;  the  tarsi  fusco- 
ferruginoas ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  and  tegulae 
testaceous. 

Hah.  Tenasserim.     $  ,  Length  11 ;  exp.  20  mm. 

577.  Crabro  brookii,  Bingh.  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1896,  p.  444. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  opaque,  very  finely  and  densely 
punctured ;  head  large,  square,  a  little  broader  than  the  thorax, 
with  a  medial  longitudinally  impressed  line  before  and  behind  the 
anterior  ocellus ;  the  enclosed  triangular  space  at 
the  base  of  the  median  segment  finely  obliquely 
striate ;   on  the   posterior  face  of  the  median 
segment  the  striae  become  coarser.     Black,  the 
clypeus  and  sides  of  the  face  with  dense  silvery 
pile ;   the  scape  of  the  antennae,  a  line  on  the 
pronotum,  the  tubercles,  a  spot  behind  the  tegula 
adjoining  a  lateral  spot  on  the  scutellum,  the  tibias 
Crahro  hrookii,     and  basal  joint  of  the  tarsi  above,  yellow ;  a  lateral 
5.   |.         diagonal  Hne  at  the  base  of  the  3rd  segment  of 
the  abdomen,  with  a  lateral  spot  at  the  base  of  the 
4th  greenish  yellow  ;  the  tarsi  reddish  ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent, 
nervures  and  tegulae  testaceous. 

Eah.  Kumaun,  and  probably  throughout  Northern  India. 
2  .  Length  12  ;  exp.  20  mm. 

578.  Crabro  buddha. 

Khopalum  buddha,  Cain.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  ii,  1889,  p.  18. 
Crabro  buddha.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  270. 

cJ .  Head  moderately  finely,  closely,  and  strongly  punctured, 
pro-  and  mesonotum  and  scutellum  with  sparser  and  shallower 
punctures ;  abdomen  dull  and  opaque,  the  basal  half  of  the  petiole 
and  the  extreme  base  of  the  2nd  segment  polished  shining; 
clypeus,  the  frontal  hollow,  and  the  cheeks  densely  pilose ;  pro- 
notum notched  in  the  middle  ;  apex  of  the  mesonotum,  posterior 
margin  of  scutellum,  anterior  and  posterior  margins  of  post- 
seutellum, and  the  sutures  between  the  pleurae  crenulate  ;  median 
segment  with  the  medial  portion  up  to  the  apex  enclosed  by 


324 


SPHEOIDiE. 


curved  prominent  carinoj  and  coarsely  reticulate,  sides  obliquely 
striate ;  abdomeu  with  the  apex  of  the  petiole  almost  clavate,  the  bate 
of  the  2nd  segment  strongly  constricted.  Black,  the  pile  on  the  face 
silvery  ;  the  mandibles  except  at  apex,  the  scape  of  the  antennse, 
the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  a  large  spot 
at  the  lateral  angles  of  the  scutellum,  with  a  small  spot  in  front  of 
it,  an  elongate  spot  on  each  side  at  base  of  the  3rd  segment  of  the 
abdomeu,  a  smaller  one  at  base  of  4th,  and  a  minute  speck  at  base 
of  the  5th,  bright  yellow;  the  legs  black  variegated  with  yellow, 
the  gi'eater  part  of  the  femora,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  being  yellow ; 
wings  hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulaj  testaceous. 

Hah.  Tirhoot,  Bengal ;  Bombay  ;  Madras.  d .  Length  9  ; 
exp.  16  mm. 

579.  Crabro  orientalis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc  (4)  iii,  1890, 
p.  272. 

5  .  The  clypeus,  the  frontal  hollow,  and  the  cheeks  densely 
pilose,  the  pleurse,  the  sides  and  apex  of  the  median  segment 
thinly  pubescent,  the  head  closely  and  finely  punctured,  the 
punctures  less  dense  on  the  vertex  ;  the  clypeus  raised  and  keeled 
in  the  middle ;  the  ocelli  in  a  wide  triangle  on  the  vertex ; 
thorax  not  so  closely  punctured  as  the  front,  the  apical  margin  of 
the  mesonotum  and  of  the  scutellum,  and  the  pleural  furrow 
crenulate ;  median  segment  obliquely  rugose-striate,  bearing  a 
Y-shaped  furrow  on  its  posterior  face ;  abdomen  dull  opaque, 
obscurely  pilose,  the  petiole  swollen  and  clavate  at  apex,  base  of 
2nd  segment  strongly  constricted.  Black,  the  pile  on  the  head 
silvery,  on  the  abdomen  fuscous  ;  the  pubescence  on  the  thorax 
longish  and  hoary  white  ;  the  mandibles  at  base,  the  scape  of  the 
antennse,  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  the 
scutellum  transversely  in  the  middle,  a  small  spot  on  each  side 
of  the  petiole  at  apex,  and  lateral  oval  spots  on  the  2nd,  4th,  and 
5th  segments  of  the  abdomen  yellow  ;  the  spots  on  the  5th  seg- 
ment sometimes  coalescent  and  forming  a  broad  transverse  yellow 
band  above ;  legs,  the  femora  at  apex,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  all 
the  legs  yellow,  stained  here  and  there  with  ferruginous,  sometimes 
the  yellow  of  the  legs  is  much  overlaid  with  dark  ferruginous; 
wings  very  light  fusco-hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulae  testaceous. 

Var.  With  the  yellow  band  on  the  scutellum  reduced  to  a  spot 
at  each  angle,  the  3rd  segment  also  with  a  lateral  yellow  spot. 

cJ  similar,  but  with  the  5th  abdominal  segment  smooth  and 
polished  and  immaculate. 

ITab.  Kumaun  ;  Barrackpore  ;  Poena ;  Tenassenm.  2  c?  . 
Length  8-11 ;  ea^?.  14-18  mm.    Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 

580.  Crabro  flavopict-US,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,p.  391,  $;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch. 
L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  270. 
2    Head  above  closely  and  finely  punctured,  the  region  of  the 
oceUi  broad,  flat,  and  with  slight  shallow  hollows  in  front,  beneath 
the  hollows  the  front  is  vertical  and  is  divided  by  a  deep  but  narrow 


CEABEO. 


325 


furrow  ;  clvpeus  and  cheeks  densely  pilose  ;  thorax  smooth,  v^ith 
indistinct  shallow  fine  punctures  ;  median  segment  pubescent  and 
punctured  on  the  sides,  the  subcordate  enclosed  space  at  base  very 
smooth,  polished  and  shining,  a  centx'al  longitudinal  furrow  from 
base  to  the  apex  of  the  segment ;  abdomen  smooth  and  shining. 
Black;  the  mandibles  at  base,  the  scape  of  the  anteunEe,  the  pro- 
uotum  posteriorly,  the  tubercles,  a  small  spot  at  the  angles  of  the 
scutellum,  a  line  on  the  postscutellum,  the  petiole  of  the  abdomen, 
lateral  spots  on  abdominal  segments  2-4,  the  apex  in  the  middle  of 
the  5th,  and  the  apical  segment  above,  yellow  ;  legs  variegated  with 
yellow ;  the  petiole  with  fuscous  stains ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures 
and  tegulte  testaceous. 

Hah.  Northern  India  (Smith).     J  .  Length  11 ;  exp.  22  mm. 

581.  Crabro  odontophorus,  Cam.  Mem.MancA.  L.  Ph.  Son.  (4)  iii,  1890, 

pp.  :370  &  271,  pi.  x,  fig.  20  a,  b. 

5 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  the  head 
and  thorax  with  long  sparse  scattered  pubescence ;  the  clypeus, 
the  front  above  the  antennae,  and  the  cheeks  densely  pilose; 
clypeus  subporrect,  the  apex  broadly  rounded  and  margined  ;  fi'ont 
with  a  shallow  vertical  furrow,  the  space  on  each  side  slightly 
raised ;  median  segment  with  a  medial  longitudinal  furrow,  the 
base  and  sides  very  finely  rugose,  the  pleural  furrows  crenulate ; 
abdomen,  the  basal  segment  formed  into  a  petiole,  slightly  flattened 
at  base,  gradually  increasing  in  width  to  the  apex ;  base  of  2nd 
segment  scarcely  constricted ;  legs  stout,  the  basal  joint  of  the 
anterior  tarsi  twisted,  dilated  at  base,  the  expansion  forming  a  blunt 
tooth ;  the  intermediate  and  posterior  femora  greatly  broadened, 
somewhat  laminate.  Black,  the  head  and  thorax  with  a  chalybeous 
hue,  the  dense  pile  silvery,  the  pubescence  hoary  white  ;  mandibles, 
outer  sides  (not  front)  of  the  scape  of  the  antennsB,  a  broad  pos- 
terior margin  to  the  prouotum,  the  tubercles,  a  lateral  subapical 
spot  on  the  petiole  of  the  abdomen,  and  large  lateral  spots  at  the 
base  of  the  3rd  and  4th  segments,  yellow  ;  the  legs  variegated  with 
yellow ;  wings  light  fusco-hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulse  testaceous 
brown. 

Hah.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.  $.  Length  8;  exp.  16  mm.  Type 
in  coll.  Eothney. 

582.  Crabro  ardens,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soe.  (4)  iii,  1890, 

pp.  270  &  273,  5  d . 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  very  finely  and  closely  punctured,  the 
clypeus,  the  space  between  the  antennas,  and  the  cheeks  densely 
pilose ;  clypeus  slightly  porrect,  carinated  down  the  middle ;  the 
front  with  a  medial  vertically  impressed  line  from  the  anterior 
ocellus  to  between  the  antennaj ;  med"an  segment  with  the  basal 
area  finely  longitudinally  striate,  bounded  by  a  curved  furrow, 
the  apex  roundly  truncate,  bearing  a  medial  broad  furrow  ; 
abdomen  smooth,  obscurely  pubescent,  the  pubescence  soft,  short, 


326" 


SPHEGIDJB. 


and  thin,  only  seen  in  certain  lights.  Black  ;  the  sides  and  apex  of 
tlie  clypeus  obscurely,  in  the  male  yellow,  in  the  female  rufous  ;  the 
posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum  bright  yellow ;  the  dense  pile 
on  the  clypeus  and  cheeks  silvery ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  and 
tegiilte  dark  testaceous  brown.  Mr.  Cameron  gives  the  anterior 
legs  as  "  brightly  broad  yellow  beneath,"  but  it  is  not  so  either  in 
the  type  or  in  the  only  other  specimen  in  Mr.  Eothney's  col- 
lection. 

Eah.  Barrackpore,  Bengal ;  Bombay.  $  J  .  Length  4%-5  ; 
e.rj3.  9  mm. 

583.  Crahro  sodalis,  n.  sp. 

5  .  Covered  all  over  with  a  thin  downy  white  pubescence ;  head, 
pronotum.  scutellum,  postscutellum,  median  segment,  and  abdomen 
smooth,  polished  and  shining,  mesonotum  a  little  opaque  and 
longitudinally  striate ;  from  the  apex  of  the  enclosed  triangular 
space  at  the  base  of  the  median  segment  a  vertical  furrow,  trans- 
versely striate  inside,  runs  to  the  apex  of  the  median  segment. 
Black,  the  clypeus,  face,  and  cheeks  behind  the  eyes  mth  dense 
silvery  pile ;  the  sca])e  of  the  antenn£B,  a  broad  line  on  the  pro- 
notum slightly  interrupted  in  the  middle,  the  tubercles,  a  spot  on 
the  back  of  the  tegulaj,  two  spots  behind  it  on  each  side  of  the 
scutellum,  a  line  on  the  postscutellum,  the  femora  at  apex,  the 
tibice,  and  basal  joint  of  the  tarsi  of  all  the  legs  above,  and  oval 
lateral  spots  on  the  2nd,  3rd,  and  4tb  segments  of  the  abdomen, 
yellow  ;  the  posterior  margins  of  all  the  segments  narrowly  testa- 
ceous ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  testaceous  brown. 

Hab.  Tenasserim.     $  .  Length  10 ;  exp.  16  mm, 

*58 1.  Crahro  insignis,  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  422 ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L. 
Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  270. 

"  5  .  Black ;  head  opaque,  subquadrate,  rather  wider  than  the 
thorax  ;  the  stemmata  in  a  curve  placed  forwards  on  the  vertex  ; 
the  clypeus  covered  with  pale  golden  pubescence';  antennae  and 
mandibles  black.  Thorax  opaque,  the  collar  grooved,  with  the 
anterior  angles  acute  ;  the  mesothorax  longitudiually  striated,  with 
three  abbreviated  carinte  in  front ;  the  metathorax  with  a  half- 
circular  space  at  base  enclosed  by  a  sharp  ridge,  in  the  centre  of 
which  are  two  longitudinal  carina ;  on  each  side  it  is  striate,  the 
sides  coarsely  rugose,  behind  transversely  sti'iate  ;  the  vnugs  fusco- 
hyaline  with  a  violet  iridescence,  nervures  rufo-f uscous  ;  anterior 
tibiiB  ferruginous  within ;  the  posterior  femora  with  a  yellow  stripe 
above,  and  the  tibiae  with  a  stripe  outside.  Abdomen  shining,  the 
1st  segment  with  a  yellow  baud  in  the  middle,  which  emits  a 
quadrate  spot  in  front  and  has  two  deep  notches  behind ;  the  2-5 
segments  with  a  yellow  fascia  at  their  basal  margins,  which  are 
narrowed  in  the  middle  ;  beneath  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments  have 
a  yellow  spot  on  each  side. 

"  Hab.  India  (^SmitJi.).     2  •  Length  14  mm." 


CRABRO. 


327 


585.  Cral)ro  spinifrons,  n.  sp. 

5  J  .  Head  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining- ;  mesonotam  and 
scutellum  finely  and  the  enclosed  space  at  the  base  of  the  median 
se<^raent  coarsely  longitudinally  striate ;  the  front  above  the 
aulennje  deeply  sulcate,  with  a  pointed  lamella  projecting  from  the 
vertex  over  the  sulcation.  Black,  a  line  on  the  pronotum,  the 
tubercles,  a  spot  on  each  side  of  the  scutellum,  a  line  on  the  post- 
scutellum,  and  lateral  diagonally  placed  spots  on  segments  1-4  of 
the  abdomen,  with  a  transverse  line  at  the  base  of  the  5th  segment, 
yellow;  legs  black,  variegated  with  yellow;  wings  hyaline  and 
iridescent,  uervures  and  tegulte  dark  testaceous. 

Hah.  Tenasserim.     $  d .  Lenfflh  7-8  ;  e.iy.  11-13  mm. 

586.  Crahro  auricomus,  n.  sp. 

$  .  Head  very  broad,  quadrate,  flat  above,  very  finely  punctured 
and  densely  pilose  on  the  clypeus,  the  front,  and  behind  the  eyes  ; 
pronotum  transverse,  smooth  and  shining,  with  indications  of  a 
medial  longitudinal  groove  ;  mesonotum  anteriorly  transversely, 
posteriorly  obliquely  striate,  the  striae  very  fine  and  regular; 
scutellum  and  postscutellum  smooth,  slightly  punctured  ;  median 
segment  pubescent  at  the  sides  and  finely  transversely  striate,  the 
enclosed  space  reticulate,  with  faintly  marked  short  longitudinal 
carinte ;  legs  smooth,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  with  very  few  spines ; 
abdomen  smooth  and  shining.  Black ;  the  base  of  the  mandibles, 
the  flagellum  of  the  antennae,  the  scutellum,  a  lipe  on  the  post- 
scutellum, the  legs,  and  broad  irregularly  margined  fasciae  across 
the  middle  of  abdominal  segments  1-5  above,  yellow;  beneath  the 
2nd,  3rd,  and  4th  segments  are  yellow,  with  subapical,  lateral, 
lengthened  black  spots ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  aud  tegulas  testa- 
ceous yellow. 

Hah.  Assam.     $  .  Length  14 ;  ex^.  24  mm. 

587.  Crahro  quadriceps,  n.  sp.    (PI.  11,  fig.  7.) 

5  .  Head  square  above,  the  cheeks  behind  the  eyes  remarkably 
flattened ;  the  clypeus  pilose,  its  anterior  margin  with  a  remarkable 
double  keel  in  the  middle ;  the  front,  the  sides  of  the  head,  vertex, 
and  occiput  closely  and  finely  punctured ;  thorax  more  coarsely 
punctured,  very  sparsely  on  the  scutellum,  which  is  prominent, 
smooth,  and  shining ;  median  segment  short,  with  a  very  steep, 
almost  vertical  slope  to  the  apex,  shghtly  concave  posteriorly  and 
coarsely  reticulate  ;  legs  short,  stout,  the  tibiae  dilated,  the  posterior 
tibiae  with  short  stout  spines  on  the  outer  side ;  abdomen  smooth 
and  shining,  punctured,  the  punctures  on  the  basal  segment  larger 
and  coarser  than  on  the  following  segments.  Black ;  the  clypeus 
and  the  inner  orbits  of  the  eyes  with  dense  silvery  pile  ;  the  scape 
and  basal  two  joints  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae,  a  large  spot 
on  each  side  on  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  the  apex  of  the 
femora,  the  tibiae  and  basal  joint  of  the  tarsi  of  all  the  legs,  and  a 
lengthened  lateral  spot  in  the  middle  of  segments  1-5  of  the 


328"^ 


SPHBGJDjE. 


abdomen  bright  chrome-yellow  ;  the  iutermediate  femora  at  base 
and  the  apicid  joints  of  the  tarsi  reddish  brown  ;  wings  hyaline, 
with  a  brownish  tint  along  the  costal  margins,  nervures  and  tegulae 
testaceous. 

Mnb.  Kumaim,  and  probably  throughout  North-west  India. 
$  .  Length  12;  exp.  20  mm. 

588.  Crabro  argentatus. 

Lindenius  firgeutatus,  Lepel.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  iii  (1834),  p.  792  ; 

id.  Ilym.  iii,  p.  194;  JJahlb.  Hym.  Eur.  i,  p.  300. 
Crabro  argentatus,  Stm'th,  Cat.  iv,  p.  423  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L. 

Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  270. 
Oxybelus  argenteolineatus,  Cam.  Mem.  Mant:h.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii, 

1890,  pp.  275  &  282. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  rather  coarsely  and  closely 
punctured  ;  clypeus  narrow,  transverse  anteriorly,  with  a  triple 
incision  ;  a  very  short  obscure  furrow  behind  the  anterior  ocellus, 
and  a  shining  fovea  on  each  side  of  the  posterior  ocelli ;  the  enclosed 
space  at  base  of  median  segment  coarsely  longitudinally  striate ; 
apical  margins  of  segments  1-5  of  the  abdomen  narrowly  smooth 
and  shining,  the  bases  of  the  2nd  to  the  5th  segment  constricted 
and  pubescent,  the  apical  segment  densely  pubescent.  Elack ;  a 
line  on  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  the  postscutellum,  the  coxae 
beneath,  the  apex  of  the  anterior  femora,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi,  and 
the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibife  and  tarsi  pale  yellow,  all  the 
tibise  with  a  black  elongate  spot  beneath ;  the  clypeus,  sides  of  the 
face,  cheeks,  sides  of  the  median  segment,  and  base  of  abdominal 
segments  2-5  with  dense  short  silvery  pile ;  the  apical  margins  of 
segments  1-5  narrowly  obscure  reddish ;  pygidium  with  dense 
reddish-brown  pubescence  ;  wings  hyaline,  the  apex  obscui'ely 
fuscesceut. 

Ilab.  India  (Lepeletier) ;  Barrackpore,  Bengal.  $.  Length  6; 
e.r^j.  12  mm. 

This  and  two  other  species,  C.  nitidus  and  C.  ieJlus,  described 
by  Mr.  Cameron  under  the  genus  O.vybelits  are  undoubted  Crabro, 
having  no  lateral  squamae  or  mucro,  and  a  complete  cubital  and 
2nd  discoidal  cells,  separated  by  a  well-marked  nervure. 

589.  Crabro  bellns. 

Oxybelus  bellus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890, 
pp.  276  &  280. 

cj .  Head,  mesonotum,  seutellum,  median  segment,  and  abdomen 
coarsely  punctured  and  rugose,  the  pronotum,  tubercles,  and  post- 
scutellum smooth,  impunctate  ;  clypeus  slightly  convex,  transverse, 
arched  anteriorly ;  frontal  hollow  deep,  densely  pubescent ; 
mesonotum  with  a  short  central  longitudinal  carina  anteriorly ; 
median  segment  widely  reticulate,  the  enclosed  triangular  space 
at  base  with  a  few  coarse  longitudinal  strice.  Black  ;  the  clypeus, 
front  to  above  the  base  of  the  antennae,  and  cheeks  with  dense 
silvery  pile  ;  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  a 


CBABEO. 


329 


large  spot  behind  them  on  the  mesopleursD,  a  spot  on  the  lateral 
angles  of  the  scutellum,  the  postscutellum,  and  large  oval  subapical 
spots  on  each  side  of  Ihe  basal  five  segments  of  the  abdomen, 
yellow  ;  legs  .yellow,  the  coxte  above,  the  bases  of  the  anterior  and 
intermediate  femora  in  front  above,  and  all  but  the  apex  of  the 
posterior  femora  black  ;  the  base  of  the  abdominal  segments  lined 
with  silvery  pile  ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  testaceous ;  tegulaj 
yellow,  witii  a  spot  of  black  in  the  middle. 

Eah.  Poona.  d.  Length  Q;  exp.lQmm.  $  unknown.  Type 
in  coll.  Eothney. 

Mr.  Cameron  in  his  description  notes  the  markings  and  legs 
red,  but  that  colour  in  the  type  specimen  is  without  doubt  due 
to  potassium  cyanide. 

590.  Crabro  palifcans,  Bingh.  P.  Z.  S.  1896,  p.  446,  pi.  15,  fig.  6,  $ . 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  very  iinely  aciculate,  dull  and  opaque ; 
abdomen  very  iinely  and  closely  punctured,  shining  and  polished ; 
clypeus  with  an  obscure  vertical  carina  in  the  middle,  the  clypeus 
and  the  inner  and  outer  orbits  of  the  eyes,  broadly  interrupted  at 
vertex,  densely  pilose ;  pronotum  notched  in  the  middle,  mesonotum 
with  a  longitudinally  impressed  medial  line  anteriorly ;  median 
segment  short,  with  a  vertical  slope  to  the  apex,  an  enclosed  trian- 
gular space  at  its  base  obliquely  striate  and  medially  longitudinally 
grooved ;  legs  stout,  the  posterior  tibiaa  on  the  outside  slightly 
spinose ;  abdomen  about  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax,  fusiform. 
Black ;  the  clypeus  and  the  orbits  of  the  eyes  with  dense  silvery 
pile ;  the  scape  of  the  antennae,  a  broad  line  on  the  pronotum,  a 
spot  beliiud  the  tegulas,  the  scutellum  in  the  middle,  a  line  on  the 
postscutellum  (wanting  in  some  specimens),  the  apex  of  the  femora, 
and  a  more  or  less  lengthened  spot  on  the  outer  side  of  all  the 
tibiae,  and  lengthened  lateral  spots  at  the  bases  of  segments  2-5 
of  the  abdomen,  yellow ;  wings  fuscous  with  a  shght  purple 
effulgence,  nervures  and  tegulse  testaceous. 

Uah.  North-west  India,  Kumaun;  Ceylon.  Probably  will  be 
found  throughout  India.    5  .  Length  11 ;  exp.  20  mm. 

*591.  Crabro  fuscipennis,  Lepel.  Ann.  Soc  Ent.  Fr.  iii  (1834),  p.  710  ; 
id.  Hym.  iii,  p.  113  ;  Smith,  Cat.  iv,  p.  422  ;  Cam.  Mem.  Manch. 
L.  Ph.  Soc.  (4)  iii,  1890,  p.  270. 

"  Head  black,  mandibles  black,  with  a  spot  of  yellow  on  the 
middle.  Antennae  black,  the  basal  segment  yellow,  the  apex  black. 
Thorax  black,  lightly  punctured,  not  shining.  A  yellow  inter- 
rupted line  on  the  pronotum.  The  tubercles  yellow.  Scutellum 
and  postscutellum  black.  Metathorax  striate,  the  striae  outwardly 
divergent.  Abdomen  black,  shining,  the  2nd,  3rd,  and  4th 
segments  with  a  line  of  yellow  on  each  side  at  base,  narrow  and 
somewhat  obliquely  set,  the  5th  segment  margined  posteriorly 
with  reddish  yellow.  Legs  red,  the  anterior  femora,  the  inter- 
mediate and  posterior  tibiae,  and  the  tarsi  of  all  the  legs  blackish. 


330 


SPHEQIUiB. 


Wings  hyaline  at  base,  remainder  fuscous  ;  the  nervures,  stigma,  and 
tegulsB  black. 

'■^Hah,  India."  No  measurements  are  given.  I  have  failed  to 
identify  this  species. 

592.  Crabro  nanus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soe.  (4)  iii,  1890, 

pp.  270  &  274. 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  minutely  but  sparsely  punctured,  shining  ; 
clypeus  and  the  sinus  of  the  eyes  densely  pilose ;  the  front  above 
the  base  of  the  antennae  enclosed  by  two  lateral  slightly  divergent 
and  one  transverse  furrow  midway  between  the  anterior  ocellus 
and  the  base  of  the  antennae ;  a  minute  depression  between  the 
posterior  ocelli ;  mesonotum  anteriorly  with  two  medial  parallel, 
longitudinally  impressed,  short  Hues,  and  a  deep  circular  small 
fovea  on  each  side  of  them  ;  median  segment  with  a  M'ell-marked 
enclosed  triangular  space,  the  apex  of  the  triangle  reaching  to 
the  apex  of  the  segment ;  the  enclosure  rugose,  coarsely  above  and 
finely  at  the  apex  ;  abdomen  smooth,  shining,  slightly  pruinose. 
Black,  the  pile  on  the  clypeus  and  face  silvery ;  the  scape  of  the 
antennae  in  front,  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  the 
tubercles,  and  the  apex  of  the  femora,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  the 
legs  bright  yellow ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  testaceous. 

Hab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.  5  •  Length  3| ;  exj).  about  6  mm. 
(S  unknown.    Type  in  coll.  Kothney. 

593.  Crahro  nitidus. 

Oxybelus  nitidus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  C4)  iii,  1890, 
pp.  276  &  281. 

2  •  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining ;  clypeus 
broadly  convex ;  the  front  excavate,  glabrous,  a  shallow  depression 
from  the  posterior  ocelli  to  the  eyes  on  each  side ;  eyes  haii'y ; 
median  segment  with  a  few  short  stout  longitudinal  cariuEe  at  base 
enclosed  by  two  convergent  carinae,  which  are  continued  as  a  single 
carina  to  the  apex  of  the  segment ;  mesopleural  furrow  crenulate  ; 
metapleursB  excavate  at  base.  Black,  the  clypeus  and  cheeks 
covered  with  dense  silvery  pile;  the  thorax  and  the  pygidial 
area  on  the  apical  segment  with  a  thin  soft  pale  pubescence ; 
the  mandibles  at  base,  clypeus,  scape  of  the  antennae,  a  line  on 
the  pronotiun,  the  tubercles,  tegulae,  a  spot  at  each  lateral  angle 
of  the  scutellum,  a  line  on  the  postscutellum,  and  a  lateral  spot 
on  the  1st,  2nd,  4th,  and  5th  abdominal  segments  yellow,  the  spots 
on  the  2nd  and  4th  segments  large ;  legs  variegated  with  yellow ; 
wings  hyaline. 

Bab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.  $ .  LengtJi  7 ;  exp.  12  mm. 
d  unknown.    Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 


331 


Teibb  *diploptera. 

Family  EUMENID^. 

Tongae  elongate,  projecting  beyond  the  mandibles  or  folded 
back  against  the  sternum,  the  median  part  bifid  at  apex  and  with 
a  lateral  lamina  surmounted  by  a  corneous  point  at  top  of  each  of 
the  divisions ;  head  variable,  wider  or  narrower  than  the  thorax  ; 
antenuEe  geniculate  or  arched,  stout  or  fihform,  12-jointed  in  the 
2  ,  13 -jointed  in  the  rT;  eyes  reniform,  the  inner  orbits  having  a 
sinus  or  emargination ;  thorax  broad,  more  or  less  square  in  front, 
the  posterior  lateral  angles  of  the  pronotum  reaching  the  base  of 
the  wings  ;  legs  generally  slender  and  feebly  armed,  the  intermediate 
iibice  with  one  spine  at  apex,  the  claws  dentate.  Wings  when  at  rest 
with  a  longitudinal  fold;  fore  vsing  with  one  elongate  radial 
cell,  and,  owing  to  the  extension  of  the  cubital  nervure  to 
the  margin  of  the  wing,  four  cubital  cells,  the  2nd  cubital  cell 
receiving  both,  or  the  2nd  and  3rd  cells  each  receiving  one,  of  the 
recurrent  nervures,  the  1st  discoidal  cell  considerably  longer  than 
the  1st  submedian  cell.    Abdomen  very  variable. 

Key  to  the  Genera. 

A.  First  abdominal  segment  long  and  narrowed 

into  a  petiole. 

a.  Petiole  broad  and  flattened  in  the  middle, 

narrow  at  base  and  apex ;  labial  palpi 

3- jointed,  maxillary  palpi  6-jointed  ....    Zetuus,  p.  332. 

b.  Petiole  not  narrowed  at  apex  ;  labial  palpi 

4- jointed,  maxillary  palpi  6-jointed. 

a'.  Mandibleslong,  pointed,  witliout  distinct 

teeth ;  anteunss  inserted  high  up  in 

the  middle  of  the  face    Eumenes,  p.  333. 

b'.  Mandibles  short,  truncate,  dentate  at 

apex ;  antennae  inserted  very  low  down 

on  the  face   Labus,  p.  348. 

c.  Petiole  gradually  widening  to  apex  ;  labial 

palpi  3-jointed,  maxillary  palpi  5-jointed, 

mandibles  moderately  long   Montezumia,  p.  349. 

B.  Fust  abdominal  segment  not  narrowed  into 

a  long  petiole,  either  pseudosessile  or  only 
slightly  narrowed. 
«.  Second  cubital  ceU  not  petiolate. 
a'.  Labial  palpi  4-jointed,  not  plumed. 
d^.  Apical  3  joints  of  maxillary  palpi 
very  small ;  united,  equal  in  length 
to  the  3rd  joint    Rhynchtdm,  p.  351. 

*  The  3rd  and  following  abdominal  segments  in  the  Diploptera  are  strongly 
retractile  and  often  withdrawn  after  death  within  the  2nd  segment ;  therefore, 
to  insure  greater  accuracy,  all  measurements  of  length  are  from  the  front  of  the 
head  to  the  posterior  margin  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment. 


332 


BUMENlDiE. 


i*.  Apical  3  joints  of  maxillary  palpi 
very   small ;    united,  distinctly 

longer  than  the  3rd  j  oint    ODYNF.nus,  p.  360. 

h'.  Labial  palpi  3-jointed,  plumed    Pterochilus,  p.  373. 

b.  Second  cubital  cell  petiolate   Alastor,  p.  374. 


Genus  ZETHUS. 

Vespa,  pt.,  Fair.  Ent.  Stjst.  Suppl.  p.  263  (1798). 
Zethus,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  282  (1804). 
Eumenes,  pt.  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  xiii,  p,  344  (1805). 
Epipona,  pt.,  Spin.  Gay,  Chile,  vi,  p.  248  (1851). 
Calligaster,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  p.  22  (1852). 

Type,  Z.  cceruleopennis,  !Fabr. 

Eange.  Neotropical  and  Oriental  regions. 

Head  somewhat  wider  than  the  thorax,  emarginate  posteriorly ; 
mandibles  oblique  at  the  apex,  with  large  terminal  teeth,  short, 

scarcely  forming  a  beak,  the  apices 


slightly  crossing  one  over  the  other ; 
antennae  insei'ted  about  the  middle 
of  the  face,  massive,  the  middle 
joints  of  the  flagellum  the  thickest ; 
clypeus  broader  than  high;  ocelli 
placed  in  a  triangle  somewhat 
anteriorly  on  the  vertex.  Thorax 
oval,  pronotum  anteriorly  truncate ; 
the  median  segment  posteriorly 
steeply  sloped ;  legs  slight,  short. 
Wings  rather  long  and  narrow ; 
radial  cell  of  fore  wing  short, 
not    reaching    beyond  the  apex 


of  the  3rd  cubital  cell,  shortly  appendiculate  ;  1st  cubital  cell 
equal  to  the  2nd  and  3rd  united  on  the  cubital  nervure,  2nd  cubital 
cell  at  top  about  one-fourth  of  its  length  measured  on  the  cubital 
nervure,  3rd  broader  at  top  than  it  is  on  the  cubital  nervure. 
Abdomen  :  the  1st  segment  produced  into  a  petiole,  which  is 
attenuate  at  base  and  apex,  broad  and  vertically  flattened  in 
the  middle ;  base  of  2nd  segment  shortly  petiolate ;  remaining 
segments  forming  with  the  2nd  a  broad  oval,  rarely  withdrawn 
inside  it. 

I  have  always  found  the  species  of  this  genus  solitary,  but  have 
never  come  across  the  nest.  Forbes  ('  A  Naturalist's  "Wandermgs 
in  the  Eastern  Archipelago,'  p.  72)  states  that  the  Javau  species, 
Z.  cy  ampler  us,  makes  a  large  communal  nest  like  the  social 
wasps. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

a.  Legs  bright  ferruginous    Z.  ceylonicus,  p.  33  3. 

b.  Legs  black   Z.  dolosus,  p.  333. 


ZETHUS. — ETJ  MENDS. 


333 


594.  Zethus  ceylonicus,  Sauss.  Novara  Beise,  Hym.  p.  5. 

$ .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  somewhat  coarsely 
punctured  and  pubescent,  the  pubescence  short,  not  very  dense, 
rather  sparse  and  thin  on  the  scape  of  the  antennas,  the  thorax, 
and  legs  ;  mesonotum  with  two  longitudinal  divergent  grooves, 
anteriorly  slightly  widening  and  not  quite  reaching  the  margin  ; 
median  segment  almost  vertically  under  the  postscutellum,  with  a 
broad  shallow  median  groove,  having  a  narrow  impressed  line 
down  the  middle,  and  transversely  striate  ;  abdomen — the  petiole 
long,  grooved  above,  the  rest  of  the  segments  subglobose.  Black 
and  shining,  the  pubescence  fuscous,  a  narrow  line  on  the  posterior 
angles  of  the  pronotum  not  continued  to  the  front,  a  minute  spot 
under  it,  the  tegulse  and  costal  and  medial  nervure  of  the  fore 
wing  at  base,  and  the  trochanters,  femora,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  of  all 
the  legs  bright  ferruginous  ;  wings  fusco-hyaline  with  a  purple 
effulgence. 

Eab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal ;  Ceylon.    $  .  Length  17 ;  exp.  28  mm. 

595.  Zethns  dolosus,  n.  sp. 

Zethus  cyanopterua,  Bingh.  (nec  Sauss.)  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  IT.  Soc. 
Y,p.  244,  $. 

2 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  shining,  punctured,  thinly 
pubescent ;  clypeus  broad,  convex,  arched  anteriorly,  the  punctures 
fine  and  shallow  ;  front  and  vertex  more  coarsely  punctured  ;  the 
tegulse  and  sides  of  the  median  segment  glabrous  ;  mesonotum 
with  two  parallel  impressed  lines  on  the  disc;  scutellum  medially 
longitudinally  grooved ;  median  segment  with  a  medial  broad 
sulcation,  which  within  is  finely  reticulate  and  bears  a  longitudinal 
carina  along  the  middle,  the  apex  with  two  obtuse  teeth  ;  petiole 
densely  punctured  on  the  broadened  portion  and  bearing  an  obscure 
medial  longitudinal  carina  above ;  2nd  abdominal  segment  finely  and 
sparsely  punctured,  3rd  broadly  smooth  and  impunctate  at  base  and 
narrowly  along  its  apical  margin,  the  middle  finely  and  closely 
punctured ;  remaining  segments  with  a  few  scattered  punctures. 
Black ;  the  pubescence  fuscous ;  the  flagellum  of  the  antennte  dull 
opaque  black :  wings  fusco-hyaline,  darker  along  the  costal  margin 
of  the  fore  wing. 

Hab.  Burma  (Pegu  Hills)  ;  Tenasserim.  5  •  Length  15-16  ; 
exp.  28  mm.    <J  unknown. 

Genus  EUMENES. 

Vespa,  pt.,  Linn.  Faun.  Suec.  p.  415  (1761). 
Rphex,  pt.,  Christ,  Katurg.  Ins.  p.  315  (1791). 
Eumenes,  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  xiii,  p.  344  (1805). 

Type,  E.  coarctata,  Linn. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  flat ;  eyes  large,  prominent,  the  sinus  in  their  inner  orbits 
narrow;  ocelli  in  a  broad  triangle  on  the  vertex  ;  antennae  of  mode- 
rate length,  the  scape  long,  the  flagellum  incrassate  in  the  female, 
the  apex  in  the  male  hooked,  curved  or  spirally  rolled,  inserted  in 


334 


EUMENIDyH. 


the  middle  of  the  face ;  clypeus  of  variable  shape,  generally 
pyriform  or  subpyriform  and  longer  than  broad  ;  njandibles  long, 
flat,  pointed,  forming  by  their  junction  a  more  or  less  acute  beak, 
or  crossing  one  over  the  other ;  maxillary  palpi  with  six,  labial 


Pig.  93. — Eumenca 
pctiolata,  (J.  Head 
and  antenua. 

palpi  with  four  joints.  Thorax  a  little  longer  than  broad,  sub- 
globose ;  median  segment  short,  nearly  vertical,  divided  medially 
by  a  broad  and  at  apex  deep  groove ;  legs  slender,  the  apex  of 
posterior  pair  not  reaching  the  apex  of  the  abdomen.  Wings — the 
radial  cell  of  the  fore  wing  reaching  well  out  towards  the  apex  of 
the  wing,  the  1st  cubital  cell  on  the  cubital  nervure  equal  to  or 
longer  than  the  2ud  and  3rd  united ;  the  2nd  strongly  narrowed 
towards  the  top;  the  2nd  transverse  cubital  nervure  oblique, 
waved  ;  the  cubital  nervure  extended  to  the  margin  of  the  wing. 
Abdomen — the  1st  segment  extremely  narrowed,  forming  a 
lengthened  petiole ;  the  2nd  sometimes  narrowed  at  base ;  the  2nd 
and  follo\\ing  segments  united,  pyriform. 

Most  if  not  all  of  the  species  of  this  genus  make  little  rounded 
cells  of  clay  for  nests,  provisioning  these  with  caterpillars  as  food 
for  their  larvae.  Eumenes  conica,  Jlavopicta,  and  arcuata  are  very 
bold  insects,  coming  into  hou.ses  and  constructing  their  nests  on 
the  walls,  against  the  punkah,  on  the  legs  and  bottom  of  chau-s, 
tables,  &c.,  and  permitting  close  inspection  of  their  nest-building 
operations  without  showing  any  alarm  or  irritation. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Median    segment    oblique,  not  vertical, 
grooved  down  the   middle,  the  groove 
not  broadened  below. 
a.  Apex  of  median  segment  quadridentate. 
a'.  Petiole  shorter  or  equal  to  the  thorax 
and  median  segment  united. 
a^.  Colours  black  and  yellow,  petiole  of 
abdomen  sometimes  ferruginous  . . 
b^.  Colours  ferruginous  red  and  yellow  . 
v.  Petiole  distinctly  longer  than  thorax 
and  median  segment  united   


Fig.  92. — Eumenes  petiolata,  9  . 


[p.  336. 

m.  quadn'$2}i7iosa, 

E.  brevirostrata,  p.  337. 

E.  depressa,  p.  337. 


EUMENES. 


335 


b.  Apex  of  median   segment  simple,  not 

dentate   -2.  indiana,  p.  338. 

B.  IMedian  segment  convex,  vertical,  with  a 

slight  groove  down  the  middle,  groove  not 
or  scarcely  broadened  at  apex. 

a.  Abdomen  up  to  apex  of  2nd  segment 

punctured  and  granular  in  appearance. 
a  .  Second  abdominal  segment  without  a 
lateral  yellow  spot. 
Legs  black,  variegated  with  yellow  .    E.  urchiteetits,  p.  339. 

b^.  Legs  ferruginous    E.  hiunbertiana,  p.  338. 

b'.  Second   abdominal   segment  with  a 

lateral  yeUow  spot    E.  punctata,  p.  339. 

b.  Abdomen  smooth,  slightly  shining   E.  affinisaima,  p.  340. 

C.  Median  segment  convex,  vertical,  with  a 

well-marked  groove  down  the  middle, 
widening  at  apex  into  a  deep  A-shaped 
hollow. 

a.  Petiole  long,  gradually  widening  to  the 
apex,  longer,  never  shorter  than  the 
thorax   and   median  segment  united, 
medially  with  weU-developed  prominent 
lateral  tubercles 
a'.  Large,  robust ;  length  over  25  mm. 
aP'.  Second   and   following  abdominal 
segments  wholly  black  above  ;  2nd 
segment  sometimes  with  a  lateral 

red  spot  at  base    E.  circinalis,  p.  340. 

fi".  Second  abdominal  segment  wholly 

black,  following  segments  red  ....    E.  xanthura,  p.  341. 
Second  abdominal  segment  red  or 
blackish  at  base,  apical  half  and 

following  segments  yellow   E.  petiolata,  p.  341, 

d^.  Second  abdominal  segment  red  at 

base,  apical   half  and   following  [p.  342. 

segments  black    E.  dimidiatipennia, 

b'.  Smaller,  more  slender ;  length  under 
25  mm. 

a^.  Second  abdominal  segment  red  at 
base,  with  a  black  transverse  medial 
band,  the  apical  third  yellow, 
a'.  Sides  of  the  median  segment  pos- 
teriorly red ;  fore  wing  always 
with  a  subapical  fuscous  spot. ...    E.  esuriem,  p.  342. 
b'.  Sides    of  the    median  segment 
yellow  posteriorly ;    fore  wing 
without  a  subapical  fuscous  spot .    E.  gracilis,  p.  343. 
6^.  Second  abdominal  segment  reel  at 
base  with  a  black  transverse  medial 
band,  apical  margin  and  following 

segments  red    E.  conica,  p.  343. 

d^.  Second  abdominal  segment  red  at 
base  with  a  medial  black  band, 
apical  margin  yellow,  following 
segments  red    E.  elegam,  p.  344. 


336 


cZ^.  Second  abdominal  segment  red  at 
base,  no  black  band,  apical  half 
yellow,  folio  wing:  segments  red.  ...    E.  edwardsii,  p.  344, 
h.  Petiole  very  long,  half  as  long  again  as 
the  thorax  and  median  segment  united, 
narrow  linear. 
a'.  Large,  robust ;  length  over  23  mm. 
a'.  Colour  black,  with  abundant  yellow 
markings, 
a^.  Disc   of  mesonotum   with  two 
yellow  hook-like  marks  back  to 

back    E.Jlavopida,^.  Mb. 

b^.  Disc  of  mesonotum  with  two  short 
lines  and  two  transverse  curved 

marks  above  them  yellow   E.  arcuafa,  p.  346. 

c'.  Disc  of  mesonotum  entirely  black.    E.  hlanchardi,  p.  347. 
IP.  Colour  entirely  black  ;  clypeus  and 
space  between  antennfle  in  marked 

with  yellow   E.  curvata,  p.  347. 

b' .  Smaller  and  very  slender,  length  12  mm. ; 

black  with  a  few  yellow  markings  . .  E.  lenis,  p.  347. 
D.  Median  segment  comparatively  longer,  not 
vertical,  depressed  below  the  level  of  the 
postscutellum,  and  distinctly  laterally  com- 
pressed ;  of  very  small  size,  length  7-8 
mm   E.  e.viffua,  p.  348. 

596.  Eumenes  quadrispinosa,  Sauss.  Mon.  Gvep.  Sol.  Suppl.  p.  134, 
$  cJ ,  pi-  -Pii,  figs.  2,  2  (/  ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  23. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  lightly  and  very  sparsely  punctured,  the 
punctures  on  each  side  of  the  front  somewhat  closer,  on  the 
thorax  very  shallow  and  scattered  ;  abdomen  densely  pruinose  and 
opaque ;   clypeus  broadly  pyriform,  convex,  the  apex  sharplv 
incised ;  median  segment  with,  a  bi'oad  medial 
^-^^     longitudinal  furrow,  with  two  sharp  teeth  on 
^  each  side  of  it  at  apex ;  petiole  stout,  broad 

at   apex,  about  as   long   as   the  remaining 
abdominal  segments,  the  medial  tubercles  small 
but  distinct  and  lateral.     Black,  the  head 
yellow,  the  mandibles,  a  transverse  line  on  the 
vertex,  and  the  apical  ten  joints  of  the  flagellum 
of  the  antennae  black,  the  last  f  ulvo-ferruginous 
Yi    94  —Eumenes     ^'^^^^'^^.h  ;  pronotum  yellow,  the  posterior  angles 
'%uidrispilZa''     tilfick;  the  tubercles,  a  spot  at  the  base  of 
5 .    6.  the  mesopleurse,  two  parallel  lines  on  the  disc 

of  the  mesonotum,  the  tegulse  except  a  spot 
on  the  middle,  the  lateral  angles  of  the  scutellum,  a  line  on  the 
postscutellum,  a  spot  above,  and  a  large  spot  below  on  each  side  on 
the  median  segment,  two  contiguous  spots  on  the  apex  of  the  petiole 
above,  a  band  (emarginate  anteriorly)  on  the  posterior  half  of  the 
2nd  abdominal  segment,  and  the  remaining  segments  yellow,  the  last 
black  at  base  when  exserted;  legs  black,  variegated  with  yellow  ; 
the  petiole  of  the  abdomen  ferruginous  ;  wings  deep  flavo-hyaline, 


BUMENES. 


337 


with  the  extreme  apex  of  the  fore  wings  fiisoous  and  the  costal 
border  darker  in  colour.  The  above  is  the  description  of  the  type 
specimen.  The  commoner  variety  has  much  less  yellow  on  the 
head,  and  the  broad  band  on  the  posterior  half  of  the  2nd 
abdominal  segment  is  i-educed  to  an  elongate  oval  spot  on  each 
side;  the  petiole  also  is  black,  not  ferruginous. 

d  similar,  slighter,  the  scape  of  the  antennae  black  with  a  streak 
of  yellow  anteriorly. 

Hab.  Mussooree,  N.W.  Himalayas ;  Sikhim  ;  Calcutta ;  Central 
India ;  Madras  ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim.  5  .  Length  21-23  ;  exp. 
40-43  ram.    6  ■  Length  18-20  ;  cxp.  34-36  mm. 

597.  Eumenes  depressa,  Saiiss.  Mun.  GuSp.  Sol.  Suppl.  p.  135,  5  ; 

Smith,  Cat.  y,  p.  23. 

5  c?  •  Vertex  and  front  closely  and  finely  punctured,  thorax  in. 
front  with  a  few  scattered  punctures  ;  the  ^postscutellum,  median 
segment,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  impunctate,  the  2nd  and 
following  segments  of  the  last  densely  pruinose  ;  clypeus  shghtly 
convex,  broadly  subpyriform  in  the  female,  narrower  in  the  male, 
deeply  eraarginate  anteriorly  ;  median  segment  posteriorly  with  a 
broad  medial  furrow  and  four  blunt  teeth  at  apex.  Black;  the 
clypeus,  a  vertical  streak  above  it,  the  emargiuation  of  the  eyes,  a 
line  on  the  inner  orbits  not  reaching  the  vertex,  the  cheeks,  a  broad 
line  on  the  pronotum,  two  hook-shaped  marks  back  to  back  on  the 
disc  of  the  mesonotum,  a  spot  on  the  mesoplenra3,  the  tegnlse,  a 
square  spot  at  each  lateral  angle  of  the  scutellum,  the  sides  poste- 
riorly of  the  median  segment,  two  elongate  spots  or  streaks  on  the 
petiole  above,  two  contiguous  spots  at  its  apex  (these  spots  bent  at 
right  angles  and  continued  along  the  sides  at  the  apex  of  the 
petiole),  a  large  oval  spot  on  each  side  of  the  2nd  abdominal  seg- 
ment, and  transverse  anteriorly  emargmate  or  festooned  bands  on 
the  apical  margins  of  segments  2-5,  yellow ;  legs  black  variegated 
with  yellow,  a  small  round  black  spot  on  the  yellow  of  the 
tegulfB,  and  a  larger  one  on  the  yellow  on  each  side  of  the  median 
segment ;  wings  f usco-hyaline  with  a  fulvous  tinge,  slightly  purphsh 
along  the  costal  margm  of  fore  wing ;  the  wings  in  the  male  paler 
than  in  the  female. 

Hab.  India  {Saussure  and  Smith)  ;  Tenasserim.  $  .  Length  20  ; 
escp.  40  mm.     S  .  Length  16  ;  exp.  30  mm. 

598.  Eumenes  brevirostrata,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  Suppl.  p.  136, 

pi.  vii,  fig.  1,  $    ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  23. 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  nearly  smooth,  the  few  punctures 
on  them  widely  scattered ;  clypeus  oval,  raised  flat  above  the 
anterior  margin,  with  two  projecting  teeth  ;  front  between  the 
antennse  subtuberculate,  with  an  elongate  narrow  depression  above  • 
median  segment  quadridentate  at  apex,  medially  furrowed ';  post- 
scutellum  subangular  posteriorly  ;  petiole  not"  particularly  long, 
broad  at  apex.    Eed ;  the  clypeus,  an  irregular  mark  on  the  front,' 

VOL.  I.  z  ' 


338  EUMENID^. 


extending  to  the  sinus  of  the  eyes  and  emitting  a  streak  along  the 
orbits  towards  the  vertex,  the  cheeks  and  back  of  the  head,  the 
prouotum  antoriorly,  two  parallel  longitudinal  lines  on  the  disc 
of  the  niesonotum,  a  spot  at  the  lateral  angles  of  the  scutellum,  and 
the  posterior  half  of  the  2nd  and  following  abdominal  segments, 
yellow ;  legs  variegated  with  yellow  ;  wings  fiavo-hyaline,  dull  not 
iridescent. 

cJ  similar,  smaller  and  slighter  ;  the  apex  of  the  median  segment 
sometimes  yellow. 

Hab.  Sikhim ;  Calcutta  ;  Madras.  $  .  Length  18-20  ;  exp.  42  mm, 
J.  Length  17;  exp.  40  mm. 

599.  Eumenes  indiana,  ;iS«?*s.s.  Mon.  GuSp.  Sol  Suppl.  p.  136,  9, 
pi.  vii,  fig.  3  ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  23. 
$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  sparsely  punctured,  shining ; 
clypeus  large,  neariy  hexagonal,  slightly  convex,  its  anterior  margin 
incised ;  thorax  depressed ;  median  segment  with  a  medial  longi- 
tudinal furrow  posterioriy,  the  sides  obliquely  truncate,  smooth; 
petiole  of  abdomen  with  an  obscure  tubercle  on  each  side  of  the 
middle  underneath.  Jet-black ;  a  spot  on  the  front,  another  above 
the  base  of  the  mandibles,  the  scape  of  the  antennae  anteriorly,  and 
transverse  bands  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the  basal  two  abdo- 
minal segments  yellow,  the  hand  on  the  basal  segment  or  petiole 
interrupted  in  the  middle,  tbat  on  the  2nd  interrupted  on  each 
side  above ;  apex  of  the  mandibles,  the  tegiilse,  and  knees  fulvous 
red  •  wings  fusco-hyaline,  suffused  with  violet. 

S  similar,  smaller  :  the  clypeus,  a  spot  above  it,  a  Ime  m  the 
emar<^ination  of  the  eyes,  a  line  behind  the  eyes  at  top,  the  posterior 
marmn  of  the  pronotum,  a  spot  on  the  tegulaj  postenorly,  another 
on  each  lateral  angle  of  the  postscutellum,  and  a  third  on  either 
side  at  the  extreme  apex  of  the  median  segment,  yellow  ;  the 
transverse  bands  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the  basal  two  segments 
complete ;  legs  variegated  with  yellow.  „    r  .7. 

Eab.  India  or  Airica  ?   {Saussure) ;  Tenasserim.     $  .  Length 
i4-5  ;  exp.  28  mm.     6  .  Length  12  ;  e.vp.  24  mm. 
600.  Eumenes  humbertiana,  Sauss.  Novara-Reise,  Hym.  p.  6,  2  c?- 

0  Vertex  of  the  head,  the  thorax,  petiole  and  2nd  segment  of 
the  abdomen  somewhat  strongly  and  closely  punctured  ;  the  c  ypeus 
and  the  3rd  and  following  abdominal  segments  smooth,  the  clypeus 
broader  below  than  at  base  and  with  its  apex  ending  in  two  blunt 
teeth  •  the  mandibles  long  and  slender  ;  the  thorax  globose,  nearly 
as  wide  as  long  ;  the  petiole  of  the  abdomen  long,  slender  at  base, 
widened,  with  the  sides  neariy  parallel  from  beyond  the  midd  e. 
Black:  the  extreme  apex  of  the  clypeus,  the  apical  l^^'f />f  ^he 
mandibles  the  tegul^,  and  the  femora,  t.bias,  and  tarsi  of  the  legs 
ferruginous  ;  thelpex  of  the  posterior  tibia,  and  the  tarsi  fuscous; 
a  Sow  tw  ce-interrupted  line  on  the  margm  of  the  prono  urn,  a 
spoHnder  each  wing,  two  contiguous  spots  on  the  pof  ^"tellum,  a 
sjot  on  each  side  of  the  median  segment  at  base,  sometimes  another 


ETJMENES. 


339 


on  each  side  of  the  apex,  and  the  margin  of  the  petiole  posteriorly 
yellow;  wings  dark  fuscous  with  a  purple  effulgence. 

cj  similar  ;  the  clypeus  emarginate  at  apex,  not  bidentate. 
Hah.  Puadaloya  {Green),  Ceylon.    2  .  Length  15  ;  exp.  28  mm. 
6  slightly  smaller. 

601.  Eumenes  architectus,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  iii  (1859),  p.  20, 

5  tS  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  densely  punctured, 
obscurely  pubescent ;  elypeus  convex,  broader  below  than  above, 
the  apex  deeply,  the  sides  slightly  emarginate ;  the  median  seg- 
ment rounded  posterioi'ly  and  bulging ;  petiole  of  abdomen  long, 
subcylindrical,  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax  united,  the 
2nd  segment  large  and  very  broad.  Black ;  clypeus  in  the  male 
yellow,  in  the  female  black  ;  a  clavate  spot  between  the  antennae, 
an  obscure  very  short  line  behind  the  eyes  at  top,  a  narrow  line  on 
the  pronotum,  another,  medially  interrupted,  on  the  postscutellum, 
a  spot  on  each  side  behind  the  tegulse,  and  a  narrow  Hue  on  the 
apical  margins  of  the  petiole  and  of  the  2nd  segment  of  the 
abdomen,  yellow  ;  legs  black  variegated  with  yellow  ;  wings  f  usco- 
hyaline  with  a  coppery  effulgence. 

Var.  The  yellow  markings  entirely  wanting. 

Hob.  Tenasserim  ;  Celebes.     $  ^ .  Length  11-12;  exp.  23  mm. 

The  type  from  Celebes  has  more  yellow  about  it,  but  many  of 
the  co-types  from  Celebes  are  like  the  Indian  form  described 
above. 


602.  Eumenes  punctata,  Sauss.  Mon.  Gwep.  Sol.  p.  .37,  2     ;  Smith, 
Cat.  V,  p.  24. 

2 .  Head  and  thorax  punctured,  thinly  pubescent,  abdomen 

more  densely  punctured,  granular ; 
clypeus  cofEn-shaped,  apex  depressed 
and  deeply  incised;  antennal  carina 
short,  clavate;  median  segment 
roundly  truncate  posteriorly,  with 
a  slight  medial  vertical  sulcation. 
Black,  the  pubescence  on  the  head 
and  thorax  short,  soft,  fuscous  ;  two 
spots  at  the  base  of  the  clypeus,  the 
antennal  carina,  the  posterior  margin 
of  the  pronotum  broadly,  the  tegulfe, 
postscutellum,  the  apices  of  the  femora, 
the  tibisB  and  tarsi,  the  posterior 
margins  of  the  petiole  and  of  succeed- 
ing four  segments  of  the  abdomen,  and 
spot  on  each  side  of  the  2nd  segment,  yellow  ;  the  yellow  band  on 
the  petiole  and  on  the  2nd  segment  deeply  emargiiiate  anteriorly ; 
wings  hyaline  suffused  with  brown. 

cJ  similar,  only  the  petiole  of  the  abdomen  granular,  2nd  and 

z2 


Fig.  95. 

Eumenes  punctata, 


2- 


340 


ETTMBNIDjE. 


succeeding  segments  punctured,  shining ;  clypeus  entirely  yellow ; 
the  yellow  band  on  the  pronotum  narrow. 

Hah.  Kumaun  ;  Sikhim  ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim.     $  .  Length  13 ; 
exp.  26  mm.     S  •  Length  11 ;  exp.  20  mm. 

603.  Eumenes  affinissima,  Sauss.  Mon.  Gtiip.  Sol.  p.  37,  S;  Smith, 

Cat.  V,  p.  21.  _ 
Eumenes  mainpuriensis,  Smith,  Trans.  Zool.  Soc.  vii,      189,  S  i 
pi.  XX,  figs.  3,  3  a. 

5  c?  •  Head,  thorax,  and  petiole  of  abdomen  coarsely  punctured, 
rugulose ;  clypeus  coffin-shaped,  the  apex  deeply  incised,  the 
antennal  carina  short ;  the  front  with  an  indistinct  furrow  below 
the  anterior  ocellus ;  median  segment  roundly  truncate  posteriorly, 
deeply  furrowed  down  the  middle.  Black  ;  the  clypeus,  the  pos- 
terior margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  tegulse,  the  postscutellum,  the 
apices  of  the  femora,  the  tibite  and  tarsi  of  the  legs,  a  transverse 
band  on  the  posterior  margins  of  abdominal  segments  1-5  in 
female,  1-6  in  male,  and  a  spot  on  each  side  of  the  2nd  segment, 
yellow  ;  wings  hyaline,  lightly  fuscescent  along  the  costal  margin 
of  the  fore  wing. 

Var:  A  line  on  the  cheeks  behind  the  eyes  at  the  top,  two  spots 
on  each  side  of  the  median  segment,  and  a  spot  on  each  side  of  the 
petiole  in  the  middle  yellow. 

Hah.  Mainpuri,  N.W.P.  {Home) ;  Tenasserim.  $  .  Length  10- 
11 ;  exp.  20-22  mm.  J  •  Length  10  ;  eccp.  19  mm.  I  have  followed 
Saussure  in  separating  this  species  from  the  European  E.  pomi- 
formis,  but  the  two  are  very  closely  allied,  if  not  identical. 

604.  Eumenes  circinalis,  Fabr.  Si/st.  Piez.  p.  286 ;  Sams.  Mon.  Guep. 

Sol.  p.  47,  pi.  X,  fig.  7,  2     ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  22. 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  closely  punctured,  abdomen  smooth,  the 
petioie  shining  ;  clypeus  long,  pyriform,  lightly  emarginate  at  apex  ; 
antennal  carina  well-marked,  branching  into  a  narrow  fork  above 
the  base  of  the  antennae ;  median  segment  furrowed  down  the 
middle,  the  furrow  broad  at  apex ;  petiole  not  particulariy  long, 
the  medial  lateral  tubercles  well  developed,  almost  spinose.  Black  ; 
the  clypeus,  the  inner  orbits,  the  antennae,  the  pronotum  except  its 
posterior  angles,  two  oval  spots  on  the  mesonotum  anteriorly,  a 
spot  on  the  mesopleurae  at  base,  the  sides  of  the  median  segment, 
a  V-shaped  mark  on  the  petiole,  the  sides  of  the  petiole  at  apex,  and 
the  apical  four  ventral  segments,  red :  legs  red  variegated  vdth 
black  ;  wings  deep  flavo-  or  f  ulvo-hyaline,  darkemng  towards  the 
base. 

c?  similar,  clypeus  yellow.  .  , 

Var.  The  petiole,  except  for  a  subapical  band,  and  a  spot  on  each 

side  of  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment  red. 

Hab.  India  (Saussure  and  Smith} ;    Burma ;   Tenasserim.     5  . 

Length  25  ;  exp.  50  mm.     6  •  Length  23  ;        45  mm. 


EUMENES. 


341 


605.  Eximenes  xanthura,  Sauss.  Mon.  Quip.  Sol.  p.  4fi,  2 ;  Smith,  Cat. 

V,  p.  -IV. 

$ .  Head  and  tliorax  pubescent,  abdomen  densely  pruinose  ; 
the  clypeus  convex,  siibovate,  the  sides  anteriorly  roundly  emar- 
ginate,  the  apex  in  the  middle  truncate  ;  median  segment  with  a 
medial  vertically-impressed  line  ending  in  a  deep  triangular  hollow ; 
petiole  of  abdomen  suddenly  widened  from  the  middle  to  the  apex, 
the  medial  tubercles  beneath  large  and  well-developed.  Black, 
the  pubescence  fuscous  ;  two  broad  lines  on  the  clypeus,  an 
abbreviated  line  along  tlie  inner  orbits  below  the  emargination  of 
the  eyes,  the  scape,  and  basal  three  or  four  joints  of  the  flagellum 
of  the  antenna  above,  a  spot  between  their  bases,  a  line  behind 
the  eyes,  a  large  patch  on  each  side  of  the  pronotum,  the  femora, 
tibiffi,  and  tarsi  of  the  legs,  the  petiole  of  the  abdomen,  except  a 
narrow  subapical  band  above,  and  the  apical  four  segments  red ; 
wings  fulvous,  hyaline. 

(S  similar ;  the  clypeus  is  shorter  and  narrower,  the  sides  and 
apex  as  well  being  deeply  emargmate  ;  the  clypeus  is  also  wholly 
red,  the  line  on  the  inner  orbits  yellow  ;  the  petiole  of  the  abdomen 
is  more  shaded  with  black,  and  the  basal  three  ventral  segments 
have  their  apical  margins  narrowly  red. 

Hah.  India  {Saussure  and  Smith).  ?  •  Length  25-27  ;  exp.  45  mm. 
cJ.  Length  23;  exp.  45  mm.  I  have  seen  no  Indian  specimen  of 
this  species ;  those  in  the  British  Museum  are  labelled  "  New 
Caledonia." 

606.  Eumenes  petiolata. 

Vespa  petiolata,  Fabr.  Sp.  Ins.  i,  p.  467  ;  JEnt.  Syst.  ii,  p.  278. 

Eumenes  petiolata,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  284  ;  Sauss.  Mon.  GiiSp.  Sol. 
p.  47,  $  d  ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  26. 
2 .  Head  and  thorax  with  close  shallow  punctures,  petiole 
smooth,  the  rest  of  the  abdomen  with  the  surface  iinely  longi- 
tudinally aciculate  ;  clypeus  pyriform,  its  apex  truncate  ;  pronotum 
anteriorly  transverse :  median  segment  with  a  medial  longitudinal 
furrow ;  petiole  broadening  towards  the  apex,  slightly  flattened. 
Head  yellow,  a  broad  black  band  between  the  eyes  on  the  vertex  ; 
antennte  reddish  brown ;  pronotum  and  mesonotum  anteriorly 
yellow,  the  latter  posteriorly  black ;  scutellum  and  postscutellum 
reddish  brown ;  sides  of  the  thorax  and  legs  black  variegated  with 
reddish  brown ;  median  segment  reddish  brown,  with  a  narrow 
medial  vertical  black  line;  the  sutures  between  the  scutellum, 
postscutellum,  and  median  segment  black ;  petiole  and  basal  third 
of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  reddish  brown,  the  former  black  at 
base  and  with  a  subapical  black  band,  the  middle  of  the  latter  black, 
its  posterior  third  and  the  remaining  abdominal  segments  yellow ; 
wings  deep  flavo-  or  fusco-hyaline. 

d  similar,  but  slighter  and  generally  darker  ;  the  5th  and  6th 
abdominal  segments  at  base  and  the  whole  of  the  anal  segment  black. 
A  variety,  which  is  most  common,  has  the  postei'ior  portion  of 


342" 


ETTMEfflDjE. 


the  mesonotum  and  the  flanks  and  legs  reddish  hrown,  with  some 
black  markings. 

Eah.  Throughout  India,  not  ascending  the  hills  above  2000  feet ; 
Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ;  Ceylon  ;  China ;  the  Malayan  subregion. 
$  .  Length  25-27 ;  exp.  24-58  mm.  S  •  Length  23-25 ;  exp. 
46-49  mm. 

607.  Enmenes  dimidiatipennis,  Suuss.  Mm.  Guep.  Sol.  p.  51,  $  d  ; 

Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  25. 

$ .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining ;  clypeus 
oval,  convex,  anterior  margin  transverse ;  antennal  carina  large, 
very  short,  with  a  very  short  fork  above 
the  base  of  the  antenuie ;  scutellum  with 
a  short  medial  longitudinal  carina  at  base, 
and  the  median  segment  with  a  medial 
longitudinal  fuiTow,  indistinct   at  base, 
widening  and  deepening  into  a  triangular 
hollow  at  apex.    Obscure  dull  red,  the 
vertex,  the  apex  of  the  antennae,  a  mark 
on  each  side,  and  another  at  the  apex  of 
the  mesonotum,  the  base  of  the  petiole, 
and  the  apical  half  of  the  2nd  and  the 
whole  of  the  following  abdominal  segments 
F'    96  —E  t  lie  •        black  ;  wings  ferruginous,  with  nearly  the 
di«Miatipe,m".\.      apical  half  of  the  fore  wing  fuscous,  having 
a  purple  effulgence. 
S  similar,  but  smaller  and  shghter ;  the  head  black,  the  orbits 
of  the  eyes  red ;  mesonotum  black,  a  black  spot  on  the  mesopleurae. 
Var.  5  .  Entirely  red,  with  no  black  markings. 
Hai.  Bombay;  Malabar;  Karachi;  Ahmadabad,  Punjab;  ex- 
tending into  Arabia  and  Africa.    $  .  Length  24-27 ;  e.vp.  52  mm. 
c?  .  Lmgth  22-25 ;  exp.  46-50  mm. 

608.  Eumenes  esuriens. 

Vespa  esm-iens,  Fabr.  Mant.  Ins.  i,  p.  293. 

■  Eumenes  esuriens,  Fabi:  Sysi.  Pie::,  p.  286;  Sawss.  Mon.  Gitep. 
Sol.  p.  56,  $  c?  ;  Smith,  Cat.  y,  p.  22. 

5  .  Clypeus  and  the  cheeks  behind  the  eyes  smooth  ;  front  and 
vertex  of  the  head  and  the  thorax  with  close  fine  but  shallow 
punctures;  abdomen  smooth,  slightly  shining;  mandibles  long, 
having  a  tooth  at  apex,  and  more  or  less  toothed  on  the  inner  side ; 
clypeus  strongly  convex,  but  flattened  in  the  centre,  its  anterior 
margin  transversely  truncate  at  the  apex,  oblique  at  the  sides,  the 
front  between  the  antenna}  raised  and  prominent,  with  a  broad  short 
furrow  at  the  base  of  the  prominence  ;  mesonotum  anteriorly  with 
a  medial  longitudinal  fine  carina,  interrupted  at  the  apex,  but 
continued  over  the  scutellum;  median  segment  with  a  medial 
furrow  broadening  and  deepening  rapidly  at  apex  ;  petiole  as  long 
as  the  head  and  thorax  united,  broadening  at  apex,  beneath  with 
two  small  tubercles  in  the  middle  and  small  depressions  and 


EUMENES. 


343 


CTooves  at  apex.  Head  yellow  ;  a  broad  band  between  the  tops  of 
across  the  verte.x  black  ;  antenna,  light  redd.sh  ;  pronotum 
pro-  and  mesopleur^e,  and  postscutellum  yellow  mesonotum  i or 
the  most  part  black;  scutell urn,  median  segment  and  legs  hght 
reddShV  the  anterior  tibia,  and  tarsi  yellow  ;  petiole  o  abdomen 
and  base  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  hght  reddish  the  petiole 
and  ?nd  segment  with  a  subapical  band  black  followed  by  a  band 
of  vellovv,  the  yellow  on  the  latter  occupying  the  apical  halt  of  the 
sec;ment,  remaining  segments  yellow,  with  their  bases  (when  drawn 
out)  black  ;  wings  flavo- hyaline,  with  their  apical  margins  broadly 
light  fuscous,  and  a  narrow  subapical  spot  on  the  fore  wmg  dark 
fuscous,  nervures  and  tegulae  yeUow. 

cJ  similar,  but  more  slender;  anal  segment,  two  spots  on  the 
2nd  ventral  segment,  and  the  posterior  legs  black. 

Var.  The  head,  except  the  black  transverse  band  on  the  vertex, 
and  the  mesonotum  light  reddish. 

Hab  Throughout  India  generally;  Burma  and  Tenasserira. 
5  .  Length  18-20 ;  exp.  34-37  mm.  6  ■  Length  16-18  ;  exp. 
28-32  mm. 

609.  Eumenes  gracilis,  Sanss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  p.  67,  $  J. 
"  Eumenes  esuriens,  Smith  (nec  Fabr.),  Cat.  v,  p.  22,  pt. 
P    Closely  alUed  to  and  resembling  E.  esuriens,  Fabr.,  but  con- 
stantly more  slightly  built,  with  compai-atively  a  broader  clypeus,  a 
longer  petiole,  and  darker  wings.    In  colour  it 
differs  considerably,  and  is  very  constant  to  type. 
I  have  seen  no  specimens  that  could  be  said  to 
form  links  between  the  two  species.    Black  ;  the 
clypeus  and  front  up  to  the  sinus  of  the  eyes,  a 
hne  on  the  clieeks,  the  pronotum,  a  large  spot  on 
the  mesopleurse,  the  postscutellum,  the  sides  of 
the  median  segment  posteriorly,  a  narrow  sub- 
apical band  on  the  petiole,  and  the  posterior 
Fig.  97.  margins  of  the  2nd  and  following  abdominal 

Etmenes  gracilis,     geo-ments  broadly  yellow  ;  the  scutellum  and  tlie 
2  ■   ^'  remaining  parts  of  the  petiole  and  2nd  segment 

red,  the  scutellum  sometimes  yellow ;  a  baud  on  the  petiole  and 
on  the  middle  of  the  2nd  segment,  with  the  bases  of  the  remaiuing 
segments,  black  ;  antenna  and  legs  reddish,  each  of  the  former  with 
a  spot  of  l^lack  at  its  apex. 

cJ  similar  but  slighter  ;  anal  segment  black. 
Hab.  Egypt;  Senegal  (Sauss.);  Sikhim ;  Burma;  Tenassenm. 
$  .  Length  17-19  ;   exp.  32-36  mm.     d  .  Length  16-18  ;  exp. 
28-30  mm. 

610.  Eumenes  conica.    (PL  II,  fig.  9.) 

Vespa  conica,  Fabr.  Mant.  Ins.  i,  p.  293  ;  Fnt.  Syst.  ii,  p.  278. 
Eumenes  conica,  Fabr.  Si/st.  Piez.  p.  285 ;  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol. 
p.  52,  $  c?  ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  22. 
? .  Head,  above  the  antennas,  and  thorax  closely  and  lightly 


344^ 


BUMBNID^. 


punctured;  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  with  the  surface  mi- 
nutely aciculate;  clypeus  pyriform,  its  apex  truncate,  the  space 
between  tlio  antennas  raised  and  parting  into  two  divergent  carinas 
towards  the  ocelli ;  pronotum  transverse  anteriorly  ;  median  eeg- 
meut  with  a  medial  vertically-impressed  line,  widening  at  the  apex 
of  the  segment  into  a  deep  hollow ;  petiole  subcylindrical,  con- 
siderably thickened  towards  the  apex ;  2nd  segment  of  the  abdomen 
constricted  at  base,  and  having  a  wide,  somewhat  deep  channel  on 
Its  ventral  side.  Head  yellow,  the  mandibles  and  antenna)  reddish, 
a  broad  transverse  baud  across  the  apex  between  the  tops  of  the 
eyes  black ;  thorax  aud  abdomen  dark  red,  the  legs  paler  (some- 
times yellowish) ;  a  medial  longitudinal  Hue  on  the  mesonotum 
anteriorly,  a  transverse  narrow  line  at  its  apex,  the  base  of  the 
2nd  abdominal  segment,  and  a  short  transverse  medially  inter- 
rupted band  on  its  middle  above,  black  ;  wing  dark  flavo-  or  fusco- 
hyahne,  w'ith  a  slight  purplish  effulgence. 

c?  similar,  but  smaller  and  slighter ;  the  apex  of  the  clypeus 
emarginate ;  the  scape  of  the  antenna}  in  front  yellow ;  the  cheeks 
black,  with  a  narrow  yellow  hne  next  the  outer  orbits,  the  base  in 
the  middle  above  of  abdominal  segments  3-5  and  the  anal  seguient 
black. 

Hah.  Thi'oughout  the  plains  of  India,  Burma,  and  Ceylon, 
extending  to  China  and  the  Malayan  region.  5  .  Lenyili  23-25 ; 
exjj.  40-44  mm.     S  ■  Length  18-20  ;  exp.  38-40  mm. 

E.  saundersii,  Nietn.,  from  the  brief  notice  given  of  it  in 
the  Trans.  Ent.  8oc.  1834,  pp.  60-62,  I  take  to  be  the  above 
species. 

611.  Eumenes  elegans,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  p.  58,  $  ;  Smith,  Cat. 

V,  p.  25. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  thinly  pubescent ;  clypeus  shining,  ante- 
riorly emarginate.  Ferruginous  ;  a  band  between  the  eyes  on  the 
vertex,  the  mesonotum,  the  base  of  the  petiole,  and  a  broad  band 
on  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  black  ;  the  posterior  angles  of  the 
petiole  and  a  band  on  the  apical  margin  of  the  2nd  abbomiual 
segment  yellow ;  legs  ferruginous;  wings  hyaline,  ferruginous  at 
their  base,  brownish  fuscous  with  violet  effulgence  on  their  apical 
two-thirds. 

Hcib.  Djidda,  Arabia ;  India  (Saiissure).  2  •  Length  20 ;  e.vjy. 
38  mm.     cJ  unknown. 

I  have  not  seen  this  species  in  any  Indian  collection,  nor  is 
it  in  either  of  the  two  collections  I  have  examined  from 
Aden. 

612.  Eumenes  edwardsii,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  p.  60,  2  5  SmM, 

Cat.  Y,  p.  22. 

5  .  The  vertex  of  the  head  and  the  mesonotum  rather  closely, 
pronotum,  scutellum,  and  postscutellum  more  sparsely  pimctured ; 


EUMENBS. 


345 


median  segment  and  abdomen  smooth,  the  former  shghtly  pubes- 
cent ;  clypeus  convex,  about  twice 
as  loug  as  broad,  anteriorly  emar- 
ginate  with  a  small  tooth  on  each 
side ;  vertex  o£  head  and  front  rather 
flat ;  petiole  of  abdomen  almost  linear, 
without  tubercles  beneath.  Ferru- 
ginous red ;  the  clypeus,  mandibles, 
and  labrum,  a  short  line  on  the 
middle  of  the  pronotum,  a  streak 
on  each  side  on  the  middle  of  the 
petiole,  two  subapical  spots  on  the 
same  above,  and  a  broad  band  on  the 
posterior  margin  of  the  2nd  abdo- 
minal segment  yellow ;  the  clypeus 
with  sUvery  pile  ;  the  vertex  of  the  head,  the  mesonotum,  and  the 
middle  of  the  petiole  above  more  or  less  black ;  legs  with  a 
yellow  streak  on  the  tibise ;  3rd  and  following  abdominal  segments 
a  brighter  ferruginous  red  than  the  rest  of  the  body ;  mngs 
hyaline,  hghtly  ferrugiuous  along  the  costal  margin  of  the  fore  wing 
and  with  a  very  faint  fuscous  spot  in  the  radial  cell  of  the  same. 

cJ  similar,  the  sinus  of  the  eyes  yellow,  the  mesonotum  entirely 
black. 

Hah.  Bombay;  North-West  Provinces;  Burma;  Tenasserim, 
2  .  Length  16  ;  exp.  25  mm.     J  .  Length  16 ;  exp.  26  mm. 


Fig.  98. 
Ezimenes  edwardsii,  § . 


613.  Eumenes  flavopicta,  Blanch.  Bid.  Univ.  Hist.  Nat.,  Ins.  Hym. 
pi.  ii,  fig.  2  ;  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  p.  65,  $  ;  Smith,  Cat.  v, 
p.  22. 

2 .  Head  and  thorax  with  large  shallow,  rather  widely  placed 
punctures,  except  on  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum,  where  they  are 
closer  and  deeper,  with  a  tendency  to  run  into  longitudinal  striae ; 
abdomen  opaque,  the  surface  finely  aciculate;  clypeus  subpyri- 
forra,  the  apex  widely  truncate,  raised  at  base  and  sides  and  then 
suddenly  flattened  and  depressed  ;  petiole  of  abdomen  long,  gently 
broadening  towards  the  apex,  slightly  vertically  compressed  along 
its  length.  Black,  shining ;  the  head  yellow  with  a  black  some- 
what cowl-shaped  mark  on  the  vertex,  or  in  a  common  form  black 
with  the  clypeus,  the  front,  the  sinus  of  the  eyes,  and  a  line 
behind  them  yellow ;  thorax  with  the  pronotum  in  front,  the 
tegidse  (except  a  spot  in  the  middle,  sometimes  absent),  a  small 
spot  before  and  behind  each  of  them,  two  scythe-shaped  marks 
back  to  back  on  the  mesonotum,  a  transverse  rectangular  mark 
on  the  scutellum,  a  curved  line  on  the  postscutellum,  the  median 
segment,  and  the  flanks  yellovs?,  the  last  with  a  broad  oblique  line, 
and  the  median  segment  with  a  medial  vertical  line  broadening 
above,  black  ;  legs  yellow  and  black  ;  abdomen  with  two  spots  at  the 
base,  two  lateral  in  the  middle,  and  a  subapical  band  on  the  petiole, 


346 


EUMENIDiB. 


a  broa.d  bar  with  irregular  margins  at  base  of  2iid  segment, 
another  broad  subapical  bar  on  its  posterior  margin,  and  broad 
transverse  medially  interrupted  subapical  bauds  on  the  remaining 
segments,  yellow  ;  beneath  the  abdomen  is  blacic,  the  2nd  ventral 
segment  with  a  yellow  spot  on  each  side ;  wings  dark  flavo-hyaline, 
with  a  slightly  fuscous  tinge  and  purplish  effulgence. 

d  similar,  but  slightei-,  with  comparatively  a  longer  petiole. 
Hab.  Sikhim  ;  Bengal ;  Malabar ;  Mysore ;  Madras  ;   Ceylon ; 
Burma ;  and  Tenasserim.     ?  .  Length  23-25 ;  exp.  46-50  mm, 
cS  .  Length  19-22  ;  ea;^3.  45-4d  mm. 

614.  Eumenes  arcuata. 

Vespa  arcuata,  Fabi:  Syst.  Ent.  p.  371 ;  id.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  276. 
Eumenes  arcuata,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  287 ;  Sams.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol. 
p.  63,  ?  ;  Smith,  Cat.  y,  p.  29. 

5 .  Vertex  of  the  head  and  the  thorax  with  fine  but  shallow 
punctures ;  petiole  and  abdomen  smooth,  the  surface  finely  acicu- 
late  ;  the  clypeus  pyriforra,  the  apex  sharply  truncate  ;  pronotum 
anteriorly  transverse;  the  median  segment  with  an  impressed 

medial  vertical  hne  ;  the  petiole  long, 
narrow,  only  slightly  broadening 
towards  the  apex ;  the  base  of  the 
following  abdominal  segment  con- 
stricted. Head  and  thorax  black; 
the  clypeus,  the  space  between  the 
antenn£e,  a  line  behind  the  eyes,  the 
pronotum  in  front,  two  curved  spots 
and  two  parallel  longitudinal  lines 
on  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum,  a 
broad  outer  border  to  the  tegulae,  a 
■picT,  99.  spot  on  each  side  on  the  scutellum,  a 

Eume7ies  arcicata,  2-   +■        broad  line  on  the  posterior  margin 

of  the  postscutellum,  and  a  broad 
oblique  line  on  the  flanks  under  the  base  of  each  wing  yellow ; 
legs  black,  variegated  with  yellow  ;  median  segment  yellow,  with  a 
broad  medial  mark,  in  the  shape  of  a  Maltese  cross,  black ;  abdomen 
black,  two  small  lateral  spots  at  the  base  of  the  petiole,  and  two 
about  the  middle,  with  a  subapical  band  at  the  apex  of  the  same  above, 
two  large  pyriform  spots  near  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment,  and 
subapical  bands  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the  2nd  and  following 
segments,  yellow;  these  bands  interrupted  narrowly  above  and 
broadlv  below  ;  the  2nd  segment  has  also  two  minute  lateral  spots 
on  the  middle  beneath ;  wings  very  light  brownish  or  fusco- 
hyaline. 

c?  similar,  but  smaller  and  slighter,  with  the  anal  segment 
entirely  black.  The  depth  of  the  yellow  markings  varies  in 
different  individuals. 

Hab.  Throughout  India,  Burma,  and  Ceylon,  not  extending  up 
the  Himalayas  to  any  height,  but  spread  generally  through  the 


ETTMENES. 


347 


Indo-Malayan  region  as  far  as  New  Guinea  2  .  Lenyih  24-20; 
e.vp.  49-52  mm,    d  .  Length  19-21 ;  exji.  36-3b  mm. 

615.  Eumenes  blanchardi,  Smm.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  p.  66,  $  ;  Smith, 

Cat.  V,  p.  22. 

Q  cT  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  E.  arcuata  :  differing 
cliiefly  in  the  head  and  thorax  being  totally  devoid  of  the  yellow 
markings  present  in  that  species  ;  the  clypeus  is  smaller,  its  apex 
an<^ularly  emarginate,  not  truncate,  and  the  petiole  more  bhtorm. 

Bab.  India,  Pondichery  {Saussure  and  Smith).  ? .  Lenijth 
23-26  ;  exp.  41-44  mm.     d  •  Length  20-21 ;  exj).  36  mm. 

616.  Eumenes  curvata,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  Suppl.  p.  145,  5  ; 

Smith,  Cat.  v.  p.  25. 

5 .  Head  and  thorax  with  fine  close  but  sballow  punctures ; 
abdomen  entirely  impunctate,  smooth  and  shining;  clypeus  oval, 
strongly  convex,  widely  but  only  slightly  emarginate  anteriorly  ; 
front  between  the  antennai  subtubercidate,  with  an  impressed 
medial  line  from  the  anterior  ocellus  to  the  apex  of  the  convexity ; 
median  segment  with  a  shallow  impressed  hne  from  base  leading 
to  a  deep' triangular  hollow  at  the  apex;  petiole  long,  filiform, 
with  only  an  indication  of  the  two  tubercles  in  the  middle  below. 
Entirely  of  an  intense  black ;  wings  dark  fuscous,  with  a  beautiful 
rich  purple  effulgence. 

d  similar,  smaller  and  shghter,  the  wings  somewhat  hghter  in 
colour;  in  some  specimens  a  broad  line  down  the  middle  of  the 
clypeus  and  a  triangular  spot  above  it  are  yellow. 

Hab.  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ;  the  Phihppines.  $  .  Length  24^26  ; 
exp.  48-52  mm.     d  .  Length  20-21 ;  exp.  40-45  mm. 

617.  Eumenes  lenis,  n.  sp. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  petiole  of  abdomen  finely  and  somewhat 
closely  punctured ;  2nd  and  following  segments  of  the  abdomen 
smooth,  highly  pohshed,  shining;  clypeus  scutiform,  narrower 
above  than  below,  the  apex  slightly  emarginate,  the  sides  oblique, 
the  medial  furrow  on  the  slope  of  the  median  segment  obscure,  above 
distinct  and  widening  into  a  triangular  hollow  at  apex  ;  petiole  of 
abdomen  very  long,  about  twice  the  length  of  the  head  and  thorax 
united,  fihform ;  base  of  2nd  abdominal  segment  with  a  short  petiole, 
the  medial  tubercles  on  the  petiole  beneath  small,  obscure ;  legs  very 
slender.  Black,  the  clypeus  and  apex  of  the  median  segment  with  a 
thin,  short,  hoary  pubescence ;  the  base  of  the  clypeus,  a  spot  above 
it  between  the  bases  of  the  antennae,  a  transverse  spot  above  that,  a 
line  on  the  pronotum,  a  spot  in  front  of  and  two  spots  behind  the 
tegulaj,  a  spot  at  the  lateral  angles  of  the  postscutellum,  an  elongate 
spot  on  each  side  at  the  apex  of  the  median  segment,  the  anterior 
and  intermediate  tibiae,  and  a  narrow  subapical  line  on  the  posterior 
margins  of  the  petiole  and  2nd  segment  of  the  abdomen,  yellow ; 


348 


EUMBNID^. 


tarsi  rufo-fuscous ;  wings  fusco-hyaline,  darkest  along  the  costal 
margin  o£  the  fore  wing. 

Hah.  Eangoon,  Burma.  $ .  Lengili  12 ;  exp.  19  mm.  S  un- 
known. 

618.  Eumenes  exigua,  Sauss.  Mon.  Quip.  Sol.  Suppl.  p.  150,  d  ;  Smith, 
Cat.  Y,  p.  22. 

2  c? .  Head,  thorax,  and  the  basal  half  of  the  petiole  of  the 
abdomen  closely  and  finely  punctui-ed ;  rest  of  the  abdomen  smooth, 
inipuuctate,  but  not  shining ;  head  remarkably  orbicular ;  clypeus 
nearly  circular,  slightly  convex,  its  anterior  margin  not  incised ; 
antennsB  inserted  low  down  just  above  base  of  clypeus ;  prouotum 
transverse,  slightly  recurved  along  anterior  margin  and  bearing 
a  spine  on  the  antei'ior  lateral  angles  ;  median  segment  much 
depressed,  with  a  medial  deep  longitudinal  furrow  from  base  to 
apex ;  petiole  long,  clavate,  with  a  subapical  constriction.  Black ; 
the  front,  the  emargination  of  the  eyes,  the  clypeus,  the  pleurae, 
and  sides  and  apex  of  the  median  segment  with  short  sQvery 
pubescence ;  the  clypeus  except  a  narrow  margin  anteriorly,  a  broad 
line  on  the  pronotum,  the  margins  of  the  tegulse,  two  spots  on  the 
apex  of  the  scutellum,  the  anterior  and  intermediate  tibiae  and 
tarsi  above,  a  spot  at  the  base  of  each  posterior  tibia  above,  and 
narrow  transverse  bands  on  the  margins  of  the  petiole  and  of  the 
2nd  abdominal  segment,  yellow;  wings  hyahue,  shaded  with 
fuscous. 

Hab.  India  (Saussure  and  Smith);  Burma;  Tenasserim. 
Length  8 ;  exjp.  14  mm.     c?  •  Length  7  ;  exj>.  13  mm. 


Genus  LABUS. 
Labus,  Sauss.  Novara-Reise,  Hym.  p.  3  (1867). 

Type,  L.  spiniger,  Sauss. 
Range.  The  Oriental  region. 

"  Mandibles  short  truncate,  apex  dentate  but  not  along  the  inner 
margin,  folded  horizontally  close  to  the  clypeus,  forming  a  very 

short  beak.  Maxillae  subelougate ; 
palpi  with  6  joints.  Labium  sub- 
elongate,  palpi  wdtb  4  joints. 
Pronotum  small,  wide,  anteriorly 
angular  and  toothed,  posteriorly 
narrowed  and  arched.  Legs 
slender,  tarsi  elongate,  1st  joint  of 
the  tarsi  longest.  Wings  normal. 
Second  cubital  cell  not  petiolate, 
but  angular  towards  the  radial  cell, 
Fig.  100.  produced  and  truncate  towards  the 

Lahus  himibertiajius,  2  •   t-        jjase  of  the  wing ;  receiving  both 

recurrent  nervures,  the   1st  re- 
current nervure  continuous  with  the  lower  margin  of  the  cell. 


lABUS.—  MONTEZUiirA. 


349 


Eadial  cell  wide,  truncate  or  bluntly  rounded  at  apex.  Abdomen 
with  a  xevy  long  petiole,  which  is  linear,  only  sHghtly  dilated  at 
the  apex."  {Sauss.) 

619.  Lal)iis  humbertianus,  Sauss.  Novara-Beise,  Hym.  p.  4,  2d,  pi.  i, 
fig.  2  (wing). 

5  .  Head,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  basal  half  of  the 
petiole  of  the  abdomen  above  coarsely  and  closely,  median  segment 
and  2ud  abdominal  segment  very  sparsely  and  finely  punctured,  the 
3rd  and  following  segments  of  the  abdomen  smooth ;  clypeus  convex, 
bidentate  anteriorly;  median  segment  with  a  deep  and  broad 
sulcation,  bidentate  at  apex.  Black,  with  obscure  silvery  pile;  the 
pronotum  anteriorly,  the  lateral  angles  of  the  scutellum,  and  the 
apical  margins  of  the  petiole  and  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment, 
yellow;  legs,  the  posterior  tibisB  at  base  yellow;  wings  fusco- 
hyaline,  tegulse  yellow,  nerAwes  black. 

cJ  similar;  the  scape  of  the  autennsB  in  front  and  the  middle 
of  the  clypeus  yellow. 

Var.  5  resembling  the  6  in  colouring,  the  tibiae  of  all  the  legs 
above  yellow. 

Hah.  Ceylon;  Burma;  Tenasserim.     $  S .  Length  8-9:  exp. 
mm. 


Genus  MONTEZTIMIA. 

Eumenes,  pt.,  Fabi:  Syst.  Piez.  p.  288  (1804). 
Odynerus,  pt.,  Spin.  Ann.  Snc.  Ent.  Fr.  x,  p.  127  (1841). 
Montezumia,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  p.  87,  pi.  v,  fig.  3  (1852). 

Type,  M.  morosa,  Sauss.,  and  M.  rufidentata,  Sauss. 
Range.  Neotropical  and  Oriental  regions. 

Head  large,  concave  posteriorly;  mandibles  moderately  long, 
narrow,  the  teeth  on  the  inner  margin  rounded ;  antennae  inserted 
about  the  middle  of  the  face ;  clypeus  broadly  pyriform.  Thorax 
not  narrowed  anteriorly,  truncate,  with 
the  head  closely  approximate,  oval  poste- 
riorly, with  a  rounded  steep  slope ;  legs 
stout,  of  moderate  length.  Wings  long  and 
broad ;  radial  cell  in  fore  wing  deep,  the 
apex  acute  and  on  a  level  with  the  apex 
of  the  3rd  cubital  cell;  1st  cubital  cell 
one-fourth  as  long  again,  measured  on  the 
cubital  nervure,  as  the  2nd  and  3rd  united; 
2nd  strongly  constricted  at  top,  3rd  wider 
above  than  on  the  cubital  nervure.  Abdo- 
,.  men  (in  the  Oriental  species)  petiolate,  the 

hirmanica,  $ .   f .       petiole  much  broadened  at  the  apex ;  2nd 
segment  very  large ;  remaining  segments 
much  smaller,  often  withdrawn  telescopically  inside  the  2nd. 


350 


BDMENIDjE. 


Key  to  the  Species. 

a.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  black,  immacu- 
late   M.  indica,  p.  350. 

6.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  black  with 
yellow  marlcings. 
a'.  Markings  few  and  slight ;  wings  dark. . ,    M.  burmanica,  p.  350. 
b'.  Markings   numerous  and  moderately 

broad;  wings  light  brownish  hyaline.      M.  impavida,  p.  351. 

620.  MontezTimia  indica.   (PI.  II,  fig.  10.) 

Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  Suppl.  p.  167,  5  >     i^i  ^0-  4 :  Smith,  Cat. 
V,  p.  41. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  punctured ;  the  vertex 
and  front  with  rather  a  coarse  granular  appearance,  the  thorax 
and  abdomen  more  sparsely  punctured  than  the  head ;  clypeus  flat, 
anteriorly  truncate,  the  margin  transverse ;  median  segment  rounded 
posteriorly,  with  a  medial  deep  longitudinal  groove,  the  apex 
emarginate  on  each  side  ;  petiole  of  abdomen  flat  in  the  middle, 
coarsely  longitudinally  striate.  Jet-black  and  shining;  the  clypeus 
in  the  middle,  a  line  on  the  scape  of  the  antennae  in  frout,  the 
apex  of  the  median  segment  on  each  side,  and  a  spot  on  the 
apical  joint  of  all  the  tarsi,  orange ;  wings  deep  fuscous  brown, 
with  a  coppery  and  purple  effulgence. 

Hah.  Sikhim  (rare) ;  Java,     $  .  Length  23-25;  exp.  50-54 mm. 

621.  Montezumia  'burmanica,  n.  sp. 

$ .  Olosely  allied  to  and  resembling  M.  indica,  Saussure,  but 
smaller,  different  in  sculpture,  and  with  a  few  sHght  yellow 
markings.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  punctured,  the  punctures 
on  the  head  finer  and  closer  than  on  the  thorax,  those  on  the 
abdomen  widely  spaced  and  confined  to  the  basal  two  segments 
and  apical  margins  of  the  3rd  and  4th,  the  bases  of  these  two 
segments  and  the  5th  and  6th  smooth ;  clypeus  large,  convex,  the 
apex  depressed  and  emarginate;  the  front  between  the  antennae 
subtuberculate ;  scutellum  large,  with  a  broad,  smooth,  shining, 
medial  longitudinal  carina;  median  segment  finely  rugose,  the  sides 
obliquely  truncate,  smooth,  with  a  few  indistinct  oblique  stris,  a 
wide,  deep,  medial  longitudinal  furrow  runs  from  base  to  apex  of 
the  segment  •  petiole  with  an  obtuse  tubercle  on  each  side  beneath 
close  to  the  middle,  and  a  medial  longitudinal  furrow  on  the  apical 
half  above.  Jet-black;  a  minute  spot  between  the  bases  of  the 
antenna,  another  behind  the  eyes,  an  abbreviated  narrow  line  on 
the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum  in  the  middle,  and  a  trans- 
verse narrow  line  on  the  posterior  margin  of  the  basal  two 
abdominal  segments,  yellow;  the  line  on  the  basal  segment  inter- 
rupted in  the  middle,  that  on  the  2nd  segment  interrupted  broadly 
on  each  side ;  legs  black,  a  yellow  line  on  the  anterior  tibia  above, 
and  the  knees  and  apical  joint  of  the  tarsus  obscurely  fulvous  red; 
wings  fuscous  with  a  purple  effulgence,  the  posterior  wing  hyalme 
at  base. 


MONTEZUMIA.— EHYNCHIUM.  351 

similar  but  smaller;  a  triangular  spot  at  the  base  of  the 
clypeus,  another  above  it,  and  a  minute  spot  in  the  emargination 
of  the  eVes  yellow ;  the  yellow  markings  on  the  anterior  tibi£B  and 
on  the  abdomen  absent.  ,  r         i  o 

Hab.  Tenasserim.     ?  Lengtli  16;  exjp.  30  mm.     6  Lencjtli  12; 

exp.  24  mm. 

622.  Montezumia  impavida,  n.  sp. 

Q  Head  thorax,  and  abdomen  punctured,  the  punctures  fine, 
sparse  and  shallow  on  the  head  and  thorax,  somewhat  denser  and 
deeper  on  the  abdomen  ;  clypeus  broadly  pyriform,  convex,  flat  m 
the  middle,  the  apex  lightly  emarginate  ;  mesonotum  with  a  longi- 
tudinally-impressed line  on  the  disc;  median  segment  divided 
down  the  middle  by  a  broad  furrow ;  petiole  of  abdomen  with  a 
medial  shallow  furrow  on  its  apical  half.  Black,  shming  ;  a  spot 
at  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  the  clypeus,  a  wedge-shaped  spot 
above  it,  the  scape  of  the  antenna  in  front,  a  line  on  the  inner 
orbits  entering  the  emargination  of  the  eyes  and  running  to  the 
vertex  a  broad  hue  behind  the  eyes  not  reaching  the  vertex,  the 
sides 'of  the  pronotum  broadly  but  not  reachmg  the  posterior 
angles,  a  spot  at  the  base  of  the  mesopleurae  the  tegulae,  a  spot 
in  front  and  another  behind  them,  two  parallel  longitudinal  lines 
oil  the  mesonotum,  the  lateral  angles  of  the  scutellum,  a  hue  on 
the  postscutellum,  the  apical  half  of  the  median  segment,  a  trans- 
verse band  on  the  apical  margin  of  the  petiole,  a  much  broader 
band,  deeply  emarginate  in  the  middle  anterior  y,  on  the  2nd 
addominal  segment,  a  narrow  band  on  the  apical  margin  ot  the 
8rd  segment,  this  band  with  a  small  incision  anteriorly  on  each 
side,  and  a  square  mark  in  the  middle  of  the  apical  margins  of  the 
4th  and  5th  segments,  yellow ;  legs  black,  variegated  with  reddish 
yellow  •  wings  brownish  hyaline,  darker  along  the  costal  margin ; 
nervnres  dark  brown,  teguls  with  a  spot  of  black  m  the  middle. 

Eah.  Burma  (Pegu  HUls)  ;  Tenasserim.  ?.  Leiujth  14; 
exp.  27  mm. 

Genus  EHYNCHIUM. 

Vespn,  pt.,  Fahr.  Ent.  Si/st.  ii,  p.  2(55  (1793). 
Polistes,  pt.,  labr.  Sj/d.  Piez.  p.  273  (1804). 
Rygchium,  Spinola,  Ins.  Liff.  i,  p.  84  (]  806). 
Orlvnerus,  pt.,  GuSr.  Voy.  Belanger,  Zool.  p.  503  (1834). 
Rhynchium,  Sausit.  Man.  Guep.  Sol.  Suppl.  p.  170  (1854). 

Type,  -K.  oculatum,  Pabr, 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  variable,  generally  as  broad  as  the  thorax  ;  eyes  reniform, 
the  inner  orbits  being  deeply  emarginate ;  clypeus  pyriform,  longer 
than  broad  :  mandibles  long,  somewhat  narrow,  inner  margin 
oblique,  with  blunt  teeth  ;  labial  palpi  thick,  of  four  ioints,_  the 
apical  ioint  very  small ;  maxillary  palpi  of  six  joints,  basal  joint 
somev\hat  thick',  the  rest  slender,  basal  three  subequal,  apical  three 


352- 


Pig.  102. 

Ehynchium fimmlineatum,  5-  t- 
1,  maudible  ;  2,  maxilla  ;  3,  claw. 


united  about  equal  in  length  to  the  third  joint ;  antennas  filifprin  ; 
ocelH  three,  complete,  round,  placed  in  a  broad  triangle  on  the  vertex'. 

Thorax  ovate  ;  prouotum  abort  in 
front,  the  lateral  angles  carried  pos- 
teriorly to  the  base  of  the  wings ; 
mesonotura  large,  generally  broadly 
egg-shaped,  posteriorly  broader 
than  in  front ;  postscutellum  promi- 
nent as  a  rule  ;  median  segment 
vertical,  depressed  beneath  the 
postscutellum,  the  sides  bulging, 
often  produced  posteriorly  and 
dentate,  the  apex  of  the  segment 
generally  concavo-truncate ;  legs 
slender,  short,  the  intermediate 
tibiae  with  one  apical  spine,  the 
claws  unidentate  beneath.  Wings 
long,  broad,  and  ample ;  fore  wing 
with  the  radial  cell  moderately 
large,  slightly  appendiculate  ;  three 
cubital  cells,  the  1st,  measured  on  the  cubital  nervure,  as  long  as 
or  longer  than  the  2nd  and  3rd  united,  the  2nd  irregularly  trian- 
gular, with  the  apex  of  the  triangle  truncate,  receiving  the  1st 
recurrent  nervure  before  and  the  2nd  recurrent  nervure  after  the 
middle  ;  3rd  cubital  cell  quadrate.  Abdomen  pseudosessile,  never 
petiolate ;  basal  segment  cup-shaped,  or  only  slightly  constricted 
and  narrowed. 

The  species  of  this  genus  are  solitary  or  in  pairs,  never  in  social 
communities.  The  Indian  species  come  freely  into  houses,  building 
little  round  shells  of  clay  for  nests,  and  provisionkig  these  with 
caterpillars.  Occasionally  an  already  existing  cavity  is  made  use 
of,  and  the  aperture  closed  with  a  clay  lid. 

Key  to  ilie  Species. 

A.  Basal  segment  of  abdnmen  slightly  constricted, 

•  the  apex  distinctly,  narrower  than  the  base  of 
the  2nd  segment. 

a.  Clypeus  nearly  as  broad  at  apex  as  at  base, 

not  marked  with  yellow. 
a'.  Legs  black,  intermediate  and  posterior 

femora  blood-red  ;  wings  hyaline  at  base. 
b' .  Legs  orange-brown,  femora  concolorous ; 

wings  not  hyaline  at  base   R.  moUeri,  p.  354 

b.  Clypeus  much  narrower  at  apex  than  at  base, 

marked  with  yellow  (5)    R.  cupreipmiu, 

B.  Basal  segment  of  abdomen  cup-shaped,  not 

constricted  nor  distinctly  narrower  than  the 
base  of  the  2nd  segment. 
a.  Wings  deep  ferruginous  yellow. 

a'.  Wings  fuscous  brown  for  one-third  or 

more  of  their  length  from  base  ;  basal 

segment  of  abdomen  entirely  black. 


R.  erythropus,  p.  353. 


[p.  354. 


EHTNCIilUM.  353 


a'.  Second  and  following  segments  of  abdo- 
men bi-oadly  bordered  posteriorly  with  [p.  354. 

reddish  brown    E.  JicBmorrhoidale, 

6^  Second  and  following  segments  of  abdo- 
men entirely  black   H,  alnim,  p.  355. 

b'.  Wings  only  sliglitly  fuscous  at  base  ;  basal 
segment  of  abdomen  entirely  reddish 
brown  or  black  at  base,  broadly  bordered 

with  reddish  brown   ^.  hrunneum,  p.  355. 

b.  Win^s  fuscous  or  fusco-hyaline. 

a'.  "V\  ings  entirely  deep  fuscous  brown  with  a 
purple   effulgence  ;   abdomen  without 
yellow  transverse  bands, 
a*.  Abdomen  dull  orange-brown. 

a^.  Basal  abdominal  segment  black  ....    R.  meMyi,  p.  356. 
b^.  Basal  abdominal   segment  orange-  ' 
brown,  with  a  transverse  black  mar- 

ginal  band    ij.  abdominale,  p.  357. 

b-  Abdomen  entirely  black    R.  argentatum, 

c  .  Abdomen  black,  sides  of  segments  3-5  '         fp  353 

TTT.™^''^'^  ^'^^  orange-red   R.  hengalmse,  p.  359. 

6  .  Wings  fuscous  along  the  costal  maro-in  of 
fore  wing,  hyaline  or  fusco-hvaliue  pos- 
teriorly ;  abdomen  black. 
a^.  Median  segment  with  the  sides  produced 

posteriorly,  angular  and  dentate   JR.  nitidulum,  p.  357. 

6  .  Median  segment  with  the  sides  rounded 

posteriorly,  not  angular   R.  rmtallicum,^.Z5B. 

c'.  Wmgs  fusco-hyahne ;  abdomen  black  with 
transverse  yellow  bands  :  J  only  known, 
a*.  Clypeus  black  ;  basal  two  aljdominal 

segments  with   narrow  yellow  me-  U  3.59 

dially  inteiTupted  bands  .  .    JR-Javomarffinatum,' 

b.  Llypeus  yellow;  abdommal  segments 

1-5  with  broader  yellow  bands  not  Tr,  300 

mediaUy  interrupted    It.Jlavolineatum,  ' 

623.  Ehjmchium  erythropus,  n.  sp. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  shining,  very  closely,  evenly 
and  somewhat  coarsely  punctured,  the  bases  (ordinarily  not  seen) 
of  the  2nd  and  following  segments  of  the  abdomen  broadly  smooth  • 
clypeus  shield-shaped,  raised,  broadly  flat  down  the  middle' 
broadly  truncate  and  slightly  emarginate  anteriorly  :  a  very  short 
tndent-shaped  carina  between  the  antennaj ;  abdomen  with  the 
basal  segment  distinctly  narrower  than  the  2nd.  Intense  black 
two  small  spots  immediately  above  the  base  of  the  auteniia3  a  Une' 
on  the  outer  side  of  the  scape  of  the  latter,  and  the  apical  ioint  of 
the  fore  tarsi  above,  yeUow ;  the  intermediate  and  posterior  femora 
blood-red  ;  the  sides  and  the  truncated  apex  of  the  median  segment 
wi  h  a  httle  thin  short  hoary  pubescence:  wings  fusco-hjaline 
wit^  a  rich  purple  effulgence,  the  base  clear  hyaline. 

Br£h  M^r™-    *  •  T-^P^  -  'J^e 


VOL.  I. 


2a 


354 


624.  Rhynchium  moUeri,  n.  sp.    (PI.  II,  fig.  11.) 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  punctured,  the  punc- 
tures shallow  and  not  so  well  marked  at  the  bases  of  the  abdominal 
segments,  which  when  drawn  out  have  the  extreme  base  smooth  ; 
clypeus  slightly  raised,  broad,  wedge-shaped,  the  apex  transverse, 
slightly  and  widely  emarginate ;  autennal  carina  short,  very  tine 
and  narrow  ;  postscutellum  not  very  prominent ;  median  segment 
depressed  beneath  it,  vei'tical,  concave-truncate  posteriorly,  with  a 
medial  vertical  carina  and  faint  oblique  striae  on  the  face  of  the 
truncation,  the  sides  not  angularly  produced  back  ;  abdomen  with 
the  basal  segment  distinctly  narrower  than  the  2ud,  its  apical 
margin  slightly  constricted.  Head  black,  the  clypeus  fulvous  red, 
two  spots  between  the  antenna3  yellow,  the  antennse  and  the 
greater  part  of  the  thorax  and  median  segment  brownish  red ;  the 
mesonotum  anteriorly,  a  broad  irregular  U-shaped  mark  on  its 
disc,  the  sutures  between  the  scutellum,  the  postscutellum,  and 
median  segment,  with  the  sides  of  the  thorax,  except  the  tubercles, 
black  ;  legs  red  ;  wings  light  cupreous  brown  and  iridescent. 

Hah.  Sikhim.  ?.  Leiigih  14-16;  exp.  30-33  mm.  S  un- 
known.   Type  in  coll.  British  Museum. 

625.  RhyncMum  cupreipenne,  Bingh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  viii, 

p.  387,  $,pl.  i,  tig.  3. 
$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  coarsely  and  very  closely  punc- 
tured, the  punctures  with  a  tendency  to  run  into  stria  on  the 
thorax  ;  clypeus  pyriform,  truncate  anteriorly,  with  two  minute 
teeth  ;  'postscutellum  prominent ;  median  segment  depressed  verti- 
cally under  the  postscutellum,  concavo-truncate,  the  sides  produced 
and  sharply  angular,  the  truncation  with  a  medial  vertical  carina 
aud  fine  oblique  strise  ;  abdomen  with  the  basal  segment  narrower 
than  the  2ud,  the  latter  both  long  and  broad,  the  posterior 
margins  of  all  the  segments  narrowly  smooth.  Black ;  the  clypeus, 
except  a  black  mark  in  the  middle,  a  large  round  spot  above  it  on 
the  front,  the  antenna;,  a  broad  stripe  behind  the  eyes,  the  apex  of 
the  anterior  femora,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi,  the  inner  side  of  the 
intermediate  and  posterior  femora,  and  the  last  joints  of  the  tarsi 
orange-yellow ;  the  inside  of  the  tibias  and  tarsi  of  the  posterior 
legs  clothed  with  rich  golden  pubescence ;  wings  cupreous  brown 
with  bright  iridescent  tints  in  certain  lights,  nervures  and  tegulae 

black.  ^      ,  ^  ,  ^ , 

Eab.  Tavoy,  South  Tenasserim.     ?  .  LengtJi  14  ;  exj?.  34  mm. 
c?  unknown.    Type  in  coll.  British  Museum. 

626.  RhyncMum  hsemorrhoidale. 

Vespa  hffimorrhoidalis,  Fabr.  Si/st.  Ent.  p.  -366. 

Odynerus  dimidiatus,  Guer.  Voy.  Bilanger,  Zool.  p.  o03.  Atlas, 

i7js.  pi.  iv,  fig.  4.  ^  ,    cr  1  Tnn 

Eyo-chium  hffimorrhoidale,  Sauss.  Mon.  GuSp.  Sol.  p.  lOU. 
Rvschium  pareutissimum,  Smm.  Mon.  Gucp.  Sol.j.  111. 
Rb^icbium  hiBmorrhoidale,  Sauss.  Mon.  Gucp.  Sol.  Suppl.  p.  1/^; 

Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  44. 


nHTNOHlUir. 


355 


$  .  Head  and  thorax  very  finely  and  closely  punctured,  abdomen 
more  coarsely  punctured,  especially  along  the  posterior  portions  of 
the  segments  ;  clypeus  raised,  somewhat  flat  above,  pyriform, 
ending  anteriorly  in  a  narrow  point,  which  is  lightly  emarginate  ; 
postscutellum  prominent,  projecting  posteriorly  ;  median  segment 
depressed  vertically  beneath  the  postscutellum,  concavo-truncate 
posteriorly,  the  sides  bulging  and  angularly  produced,  the  punctures 
on  them  running  into  transverse  strijB,  the  truncation  finely, 
transversely  striate ;  abdomen  with  the  basal  segment  not  narrowed. 
Black  ;  the  clypeus,  the  front  except  a  black  triangular  mark,  the 
prothorax,  the  tegulae,  and  the  posterior  margins  narrowly  of  the 
1st  and  more  broadly  of  the  2nd  and  following  abdominal  segment 
deep  brownish  red ;  antennae  and  legs  black,  sometimes  more  or 
less  brownish  red ;  wings  deep  yellow,  brownish  fuscous  for  nearly 
half  their  length  from  base. 

similar,  but  the  clypeus  and  a  transverse  spot  above  it 
yellow,  the  antennae  and  anterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  fulvous  or 
orange-red. 

The  above  are  the  common  forms,  but  the  amount  of  red  and 
black  varies  greatly  in  specimens  from  different  localities. 

Hah.  Barrackpore,  Bengal  ;  Madras  ;  Bangalore  ;  Ceylon ; 
Burma ;  Tenasserim  ;  Java  ;  Cape  of  Good  Hope  (Smith).  $  . 
Length  16-18  ;  e.rp.  40-44  mm.  6 .  Length  12-14 ;  exj).  28- 
31  mm. 


627.  EhyncMum  atrum. 

Rygchium  atrum,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sot.  p.  109,  J  (5*. 
Rhynchium  atrum,  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  44. 

2  .  Closely  resembles  some  varieties  of  R.  hcemorrhoidale,  but 
is  always  darker,  and  the  posterior  margin  of  the  mesonotum 
and  the  scutellum  are  always  impunctate  and  highly  polished  ;  the 
clypeus  is  grooved  longitudinally  near  the  apex,  and  the  wings  are 
sometimes  slightly  infuscated  at  apex  and  not  at  all  at  base.  Some 
varieties  have  the  clypeus,  a  spot  between  the  antennie,  and  the 
occiput  and  cheeks  brownish  red,  others  are  entii-ely  black. 

cJ  has  the  clypeus  yellow. 

Ilab.  India  (Saitssure  and  Smith)  ;  South  Tenasserim,  extending 
into  the  Malayan  region  as  far  south  as  New  Guinea.  $  .  Length 
18-20  ;  exj>.  36-42  mm.     d  .  Length  17  ;  exp.  30  mm. 

628.  RhyncMum  brunneum. 

?  Vespa  quinqueoincta,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii^  p.  261. 

Vespa  brunnea,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syat.  ii,  p.  264. 

Vespa  carnatica,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  Siippl.  p.  261. 

Rygchium  bruuneum  et  carnaticum,  Sauas.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  p.  112 

Rhynchium  brunneum  et  carnaticum,  Smith,  Cat.  v,  pi.  44. 

2 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  rather  finely  and  sparsely 
punctured,  the  punctures  shallow  on  the  bases  of  the  abdominal 

2a2 


35fi  EUMENID^. 

segments,  coarse  and  somewhat  more  dense  on  the  apical  margins 
of  segments  2-5  above  ;  clypeus  strongly  convex,  pyriform,  the 
apical   third   with  a   broad  medial  vertical 
groove,  the  extreme  apex  truncate  or  lightly 
incised  ;    the   scutellum  and  postscutellum 
smooth  and  shining,  the  latter  gibbous,  oblique 
and  narrow  ;  the  median  segment  very  short, 
depressed  below  the  postscutellum,  concavo- 
truncate  posteriorly,  the  sides  rounded,  not 
angularly  produced  back,  face  of  the  truncation 
lightly  transversely  striate.    Brownish  red ;  a 
inq_7?/         ^P°*^  between  the  antennae,  a  vertical  line  on 
Sim  itJX     the  front,  a  large  triangular  spot  on  the  me,so- 
2.   |.  notum  in  front,  a  line  along  its  apex,  tne 

median  segment  in  the  middle  posteriorly,  the 
basal  half  of  the  legs,  the  basal  two-thirds  of  the  1st,  and  the  basal 
half  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  black;  wings  ferrugineo- 
hyaline,  deeper  and  darker  towards  the  base. 

c?  similar,  the  median  segment  more  deeply  concavo-truncate, 
the  sides  produced  posteriorly  and  armed  with  two  stout  spines, 
the  apical  margins  of  abdominal  segments  2-5  much  more  coarsely 
punctured,  the  clypeus  and  scape  in  front  from  a  light  fulvous 
red  to  a  bright  yellow. 

Varieties  have  the  black  markings  more  or  less  developed,  or 
even  altogether  wanting  (var.  carnaticum). 

Hah.  Throughout  India,  Burma,  Tenasserim,  and  Ceylon,  ex- 
tending to  Malacca,  Sumatra,  and  Borneo  to  the  South-east,  and 
to  Afghanistan  and  Persia  to  the  North-west.  $  .  Length  17-20  ; 
exp.  37-41  mm.     d  .  Length  12-15  ;  eccp.  26-28  mm. 

629.  Rhynchium  mellyi. 

Eygchium  mellyi,  Saim.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  p.  116,  2 . 
Ehynchium   mellyi,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  Suppl.  p.  172,  d  ; 
Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  45. 

'  5  .  Head  and  thorax  closely  and  strongly,  abdomen  more  finely 
and  sparsely  punctured,  the  punctures  on  the  abdomen  shallow ; 
clypeus  broadly  pyriform,  the  apex  with  a  short  medial  groove 
and  two  teeth";  postscutellum  prominent,  projecting  posteriorly, 
with  the  margin  roughened  and  irregular ;  median  segment  A'ertical, 
concavo-truncate  posteriorly,  the  truncation  with  a  medial  vertical 
gi-oove  impunctate  but  finely  obliquely  striate  ;  abdomen  with  the 
basal  segment  not  narrowed.  Black  ;  a  spot  between  the  antennae 
and  a  line  on  the  scape  in  front  yellow,  the  apex  of  the  Aagellum 
beneath  and  the  apical  joints  of  all  the  tarsi  fulvous  red  ;  the  2nd 
and  following  segments  of  the  abdomen  obscure  orange-red,  some- 
times the  apical  margin  of  the  1st  segment  narrowly  orange-red, 
or  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment  black  ;  wings  fuscous  vnth  a  purple 

d'^si'mUar  ;  the  clypeus  and  the  front  half  of  the  scape  of  the 


EHTNCniUM. 


357 


antennro  bright  j'ellow  ;  the  legs  somewhat  lighter  in  colour  ;  tlie 
abdoinen  in  some  specimens  with  a  band  of  dusky  stains  down  the 
middle  of  the  2nd  and  following  segments. 

Hah.  Allahabad  ;  Barraekpore  ;  Pegu  Hills,  Burma  ;  China. 
$.  Lemjth  17-19;  exp.  37-40  mm.  6-  Length  14-16;  exp. 
34  mm. 

630.  Rhynclimiii  abdominale. 

Vespa  abdominalis,  Illir/.  Mag.  Ins.  i,  p.  193. 

Vespa  transversa,  Fabr.  Si/st.  Piez.  p.  257. 

Rygchiiiiu  dichotomum,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  p.  116,  $  J. 

Rygchiura  transversuni,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  p.  117,  $ . 

Rhynchium  abdomioale,  Saios.i.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  Suppl.  p.  172. 

Rhynckium  dichotoum,  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  45. 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  densely  punctured,  granular ;  abdomen 
opaque,  im  punctate  except  for  an  irregular  subapical  band  of 
coarse  punctures  on  the  posterior  margins  above  of  the  2nd-5th 
segments;  clypeus  convex,  very  broadly  pyriform,  the  apex  with 
two  short  acute  teeth  ;  postscutellum  and  median  segment  poste- 
riorly truncate,  the  latter  vertical,  the  sides  bulging,  the  lateral 
lower  angles  dentate  posteriorly ;  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdo- 
men cup-shaped,  not  narrowed.  Head  and  thorax  black  ;  abdomen 
a  dull  orange-red,  the  basal  segment  with  a  transverse  black  apical 
band  above,  the  2nd  segment  with  or  without  a  transverse  black 
spot  in  the  middle  of  its  apical  margin  above  ;  wings  dark  fuscous 
with  a  purple  effulgence. 

cJ  similar,  smaller ;  the  clypeus  and  sometimes  a  line  on  the 
front  of  the  scape  of  the  antennae  yellow ;  all  the  segments  of  the 
abdomen  more  or  less  dull  black  in  the  middle  of  their  apical 
margins. 

Ilab.  Throughout  India,  not  ascending  the  hills  to  ;iny  elevafion ; 
Pegu,  Burma.  $  .  Length  15-17 ;  exp.  33-37  mm.  c?  •  Length 
12-14;  exj>.  29  mm. 

631.  RhyncMum  nitidulum. 

Vespa  nitidula,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  Suppl.  p.  262. 
Rygchium  nitidulum,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  p.  105,  2  J. 
Rhyncbium  nitidulum,  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  4.3. 

2  .  Head  and  thoi'ax  very  coarsely  and  closely  punctured ; 
abdomen  smooth  and  satiny,  with  a  few  scattered  shallow  punc- 
tures and  a  subapical  transverse  hne  of  the  same,  but  somewhat 
coarser  on  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments  ;  beyond  the  row  of  punctures 
the  apical  margins  of  the  segments  are  depressed,  smooth  and 
shining;  clypeus  pyriform,  the  apex  angularly  incised,  the  sides 
on  either  side  of  the  apex  oblique  and  emarginate ;  scutellum  and 
postscutellum  gibbous  ;  median  segment  strongly  ridged  along  the 
sides ;  the  sides  flat,  obliquely  finely  striate :  the  posterior  face 
of  the  segment  strongly  concavo-truncate,  with  the  sides  produced 
back  and  spined.  Black,  somewhat  thicldy  covered  with  silvery 
pile,  which  is  very  dense  on  the  clypeus,  the  face  in  front,  the 


358 


EUMEN1D3;. 


sides  of  the  thorax,  and  on  the  ahdomen ;  wings  deep  fuscous, 
with  a  purple  effulgence  broadly  along  the  costal  margin  of  the 
fore  wing,  the  rest  fusco-hyaline. 

cJ  similar,  the  base  of  the  clypeus  yellow. 

Hob.  Barrackpore,  Bengal ;  Burma.  $  .  Lewjtli  13-14 ;  exf. 
27-29  mm.     S .  Length  I'd  \  exp.^T  mm. 

632.  EhyncMum  metallicum. 

liygchium  metallicura,  Saxtss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  p.  114,  5  <S  • 
Rhyuchium  metallicum,  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  45. 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  coarsely  and  closely  punctured ;  aMomen 
satiny,  smooth,  and  with  sparse,  fine  shallow  punctui^es  ;  clypeus 

broadly  pyriform,  the  apex  truncate 
and  slightly  emarginate ;  scutellum 
and  postscutellum  slightly  sloped,  not 
oblique,  the  latter  not  gibbous ; 
median  segment  short,  concavely 
truncate  posteriorly,  the  sides  not 
produced,  rounded.  Black,  covered 
with  more  or  less  of  a  thin  silvery 

EhynchinmLalliin^^,^.         pile,  especially  on         clypeus,  the 

front,  cheeks,  sides  or  the  thorax,  the 
median  segment,  the  legs,  and  the  sides  of  the  abdomen  ;  wings 
fusco-hyaline,  broadly  dark  fuscous  with  purplish  effulgence  along 
the  costal  margin  of  the  fore  wing. 

cJ  similar,  but  wdth  two  oblique  yellow  spots  sometimes  joining 
and  forming  a  band  along  the  base  of  the  clypeus. 

Eab.  Barrackpore;  Eangit  Valley,  Sikhim ;  Calcutta;  Madras; 
Pegu  Hills,  Burma ;  Tenasserim.  ?  .  Length  12-13  ;  ex^}.  25- 
26  mm.     d  •  Length  10-11 ;  exp.  25  mm. 

633.  Rhyuchium  argentatum  *. 

Yespa  argentata, -Frt6r. -S^st  Pi'ez.  p.  260. 

Rygchium  argentatum,  Sauss.  Mon.  Ghiep.  Sol.  p.  115,  5  cJ. 

Ehynchium  argentatum.  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  45. 
■  5  cJ  •  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  B.  metallicum,  but  con- 
stantly larger,  the  median  segment  slightly  more  rounded  poste- 
riorly the  silvery  pile  entirely  absent,  and  the  wings  dark  fuscous 
with  a  purple  effulgence,  not  fusco-hyaline  on  the  posterior  half. 
In  the  6  the  entire  clypeus  and  the  scape  in  front  is  yellow. 

ffab.  Sikliim  ;  Malabar ;  Shevaroy  Hills,  Madi-as.  $  .  Length 
14-15  ;  e.vp.  28-32  mm.     d  slightly  smaller. 

*  The  following  species  is  described  by  Saussure  from  "  Tranquebar;'  bnt 
has  not,  so  far  as  I  know,  been  procured  of  late  years,  and  it  may  not  be 

^'^Il'^CAnBONAitiuM,  Savss.  Arm.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1857,  p.  317. 

"Sat  narvum  nigrum,  depressum,  ubique  dense  punctatum,  clypeo  truncate, 
nostscutello  baud  erenato,  metanoto  valde  bispinoso,  supra  cantbis  nulhs, 
abdomen  conicum,  basi  valde  truncatum,  sutura  indistmcta.  ala:  mgro-violaceai. 

"Longueur  totale  13  mm.,  aile  10  mm." 


EHITTCHITIM. 


359 


634.  Ehynchium  'beiigalense,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol  Su2>pl.  p.  176, 

pi.  is,  lig.  8,  6;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  44. 

2.  Head  and  thorax  finely  and  closely  punctured,  abdomen 
smooth  and  satiny;  clypeus  strongly  convex,  broadly  pyriform, 
with  two  short  parallel  carinas  on  the  anterior  third,  ending  in 
tw  o  teeth  at  the  apex  ;  scutellum  and  postscutellum  oblique,  the 
former  with  a  longitudinally  impressed  medial  smooth  line,  the 
latter  gibbous ;  median  segment  concavo-truncate  posteriorly,  a 
medial  broad  space,  closely  transversely  striate,  and  divided  by  a 
narrow  vertical  furrow.  Jet-black ;  the  apical  margins  laterally  of 
the  2nd-5th  abdominal  segments  orange,  on  the  2nd  segment  the 
orange  colour  is  continued  along  the  sides  of  the  dorsal  plate 
forward  ;  wings  dark  fuscous  with  a  violet  effulgence. 

cJ  similar,  but  the  clypeus  not  carinate  anteriorly,  the  apex 
emarginate  \  the  clypeus  and  front  of  the  scape  of  the  antennae 
yellowish  white  ;  the  apical  joint  of  the  flagellum  ferruginous. 

Var.  The  orange  markings  on  the  4th  and  5th  abdominal 
segments  more  or  less  obsolete. 

Hah.  Barrackpore,  Bengal;  Allahahad,  N.W.P.,  and  probably 
through  Central  India.  $  .  Length  15-17 ;  exp.  34-36  mm.  S  • 
Length  12-14 ;  exp.  32-33  mm. 

635.  Ehynchiuin  flavomarginatum,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1852, 

p.  35,  cJ  ;  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  Suppl.  p.  177. 
Odynerus  nigTifrons,  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  62. 

Rhynchiura  basimacula,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli  (1897). 
2 .  Head  and  thorax  somewhat  coarsely  and  very  closely, 
abdomen  more  finely  and  sparsely  punctured,  the  punctures  on 
the  2nd-5th  segments  coai'ser  posteriorly,  form- 
ing a  distinct  subapical  band  above;  clypeus 
broadly  pyriform,  the  apex  with  a  medial  ver- 
tical short  groove  and  ending  in  two  prominent 
teeth;  antennal  carina  short  but  distinct ;  post- 
scutellum gibbous,  projecting  posteriorly,  the 
margin  roughened;    median  segment  vertical, 
concavo-truncate  posteriorly  ;  abdomen  with  the 
basal  segment  not  narrowed.    Black;  a  spot 
Tnarginatum  2  \-    '^^'''^^'^^n  the  antennaa,  a  line  on  the  front  of  the 
scape,  an  interrupted  Hne  (sometimes  absent)  on 
the  pronotum,  a  spot  on  each  side  of  the  median  segment  poste- 
riorly (absent  in  the  type  specimen),  and  a  broadly  interrupted 
narrow  subapical  line  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the  1st  and  2nd 
abdominal  segments  above  yellow  or  yellowish  white  ;  the  apical 
joint  of  the  anterior  tarsi  fulvous,  the  femora  at  apex  more  or  less 
ferruginous  ;  wings  fusco-hyaline,  beautifully  iridescent  in  certain 
lights. 

<S  similar,  the  greater  part  of  the  clypeus  and  a  line  on  the 
anterior  tibiaj  above  yellowish  white. 

Hah.  Sikhim  ;  Mussooree,  N.W.  Himalayas ;  China.  2  •  Length 
13-17;  exp.  34-40  mm.    c?  .  Length  13- i4;  exp.  33-36  mm. 


360 


ETJMEKIDiB. 


636.  Ehynchium  flavolineatum. 

Odynerua  flavolinentus,  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  60,  5 . 

?  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  punctured,  the  punctures 
on  the  pro-  and  mesonotum  fine  and  dense,  giving  them  a  granular 
appearance,  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the  segments  they  are 
somewhat  coarser ;  clypeus  convex,  broadly  pyriform,  nearly  penta- 
gonal, the  apex  slightly  emarginate;  postscutellum  and  median 
segment  roundly  truncate  posteriorly,  the  latter  depressed  vertically 
beneath  the  former,  the  sides  bulging  laterally  and  minutelv 
dentate,  the  truncation  with  a  carina  down  the  middle  and  faint 
transverse  strife ;  abdomen  with  the  basal  segment  cup-shaped,  not 
narrovyed.  Black;  the  clypeus,  a  spot  above  it  and  one  in  the 
emargination  of  the  eyes,  a  Une  behind  them,  the  scape  in  front, 
the  pronotum  anteriorly,  the  tubercles,  a  spot  on  the  mesopleurfe, 
the  tegula3  and  a  spot  behind  them,  two  abbreviated  hues  on  the 
mesonotum  posteriorly,  the  postscutellum,  a  large  subovate  spot 
on  the  sides  of  the  median  segment,  a  spot  on  the  intermediate 
and  posterior  coxsb,  a  broad  stripe  on  the  anterior  and  intermediate 
femora  in  front,  the  tibife  on  the  outside,  the  claw-joint  of  the 
anterior  tarsi,  and  the  posterior  margins  of  the  lst-5th  addominal 
segments,  yellow ;  wings  fusco-hyahne,  the  costal  margin  of  the 
fore  wing  dark  fuscous. 

Var.  The  abbreviated  lines  on  the  mesonotum  and  the  spots  on 
the  intermediate  and  posterior  coxse  absent. 

Eah.  Eangit  Valley,  Sikhim  ;  Tenasserim  ;  Java.  5  .  Length 
13-15  ;  exp.  30-34  mm.     cT  unknown. 

Genus  ODYNERITS. 

Vespa,  pt.,  Linn.  Syst.  Nat.  i,  p.  948  (1767). 
Epipona,  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  xiii,  p.  349  (1805). 
Odynerus,  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  xiii,  p.  344  (1805). 
Symmorphus,  Wesm.  Mon.  Odyn.  Belg.  p.  iii  (1833). 
Ancistrocerus,  Wesm.  t.  c.  p.  iv  (1833). 
Oplopus,  Wesm.  t.  c.  p.  iv  (1833). 


106. —  Odynerus  diffinis,  5-4.    1,  hind  leg  ;  2,  maxilJa  ;  3,  claw. 

Type,  0.  parietum.  Linn. 
Range.  All  parts  of  the  world. 

Head  very  variable,  generally  more  or  less  flat  in  front ;  the 


ODTSTEEUS. 


361 


parts  also  variable  :  the  antermoe  in  the  majority  oE  species  rather 
short  filiform,  the  apical  joincs  in  the  male  with  a  small  hook,  or 
spirally  rolled ;  maudibles  blunt  with  blunt  teeth,  never  long  as 
in  Eumenes ;  labial  palpi  stout,  4-iointed,  and  covered  with  stiff 
hairs ;  maxillary  palpi  (i-jointed,  diminishing  in  length  to  the  apical 
joint,  which,  however,  is  sometimes  longer  than  the  5th  joint,  the 
apical  three  joints  united,  distinctly  longer  than  the  3rd.  Thorax 
rounded  or  truncate  both  anteriorly  and  posteriorly,  in  a  few 
species  emarginate  posteriorly ;  legs  short,  somewhat  feeble  and 
slender,  intermediate  tibite  with  one  apical  spine ;  claws  dentate. 
Wino-s :  in  the  fore  wing  the  form  and  proportions  of  the  radial 
and  cubital  cells  are  variable ;  in  general,  however,  the  radial  cell 
is  widely  subtriangular,  the  apex  acute,  or  slightly  truncate  and 
appendiculate ;  three  cubital  cells,  the  2nd  receiving  both  recur- 
rent nervures.  Abdomen  of  variable  shape,  the  basal  segment 
often  narrowed,  but  never  fashioned  into  a  long  petiole  as  in 
Eumenes,  always  more  or  less  covering  over  the  base  of  the  2nd 
segment. 

The  genera  BhyncUum  and  Odynents  are  only  clearly  separable 
by  an  examination  of  the  mouth-parts,  as  noted  in  the  key  to  the 
genera.  Externally  the  two  genera  resemble  each  other  and  grade 
one  into  the  other  astonishingly.  Eoughly,  however,  the  species 
of  Mynchium  are  larger,  heavier  built  insects  than  the  species  of 
Odynerus.  Both  genera  can  at  once  be  distinguished  from  Eumenes 
by  the  form  of  the  basal  abdominal  segment,  which  is  never 
narrowed  into  an  elongate  petiole,  but,  though  often  constricted  and 
narrower  than  the  2nd  segment,  always  receives  and  more  or  less 
covers  over  the  base  of  the  latter. 

The  species  of  Odyneri  make  sometimes  little  thin  clay  shells 
for  nests,  but  more  often  make  use  of  crevices  and  holes  for  their 
nurseries,  storing  as  food  for  their  larvae  the  caterpillars  of  various 
species  of  small  moths,  I  have  never  found  them  attacking  or 
storing  spiders  or  other  prey. 

Key  to  the  Species. 


A.  First  abdominal  segment  with  one,  some- 

times two  transverse  sutures  near  the  base. 

a.  Colours  black  and  red    O.  sikhimensis,  p.  363. 

b.  Colours  black  and  yellowish  white   O.  sicheln,  p.  363. 

e.  Colom-s  yellow  and  ferruginous  brown   O.  amadanemis,^.^^^. 

B.  First  abdominal  segment  without  a  suture. 
a.  Colours  reddish  or  ferruginous  and  yellow. 

a'.  Margins  of  all  the  abdominal  segments 

more  or  less  yellowish   O.  ornatus,  p.  364. 

b' .  Second  to  fourth  abdominal  segments  [p-  365. 

yellow    0.  punctatipennis, 

c'.  Second  abdominal  segment  only  yellow, 

rest  reddish  brown    0.  punctum,  p.  365. 


b.  Colours  black  and  yellow,  or  black  and 
yellow  and  red. 


362^ 


EtTMENIDy-E. 


b' 


,  Second  abdotninal  segment  with  a  lateral 

free  round  s])ot  at  base,  yeUow. 
a^.  Base  of  Ist  abdominal  segment  red. 

a^.  Abdomen  petiolate   O.  mmiaius,  p.  366. 

b^.  Abdomen  not  petiolate    0.  diffinis,  p.  366. 

b-.  Base  of  1st  abdominal  segment  black, 
a^.  A  lateral  round  yellow  spot  at  base 
of  Ist  abdominal  segment. 
Median   segment  rounded  pos- 
teriorly   0. //•«*£!»•«!<«,  p.  366. 

b^.  Median  segment  emarginate  pos- 
teriorly   0.  conjluentm,  p.  367. 

b^.  No  lateral  yellow  spot  at  base  of 
1st  segment, 
o*.  First  abdominal  segment  much 

narrowed,  subpetiolate    O.froffilisj'p.  B67. 

6'.  First  abdominal  segment  not  nar- 
rowed, broader  than  long. 
Apical  margins  of  abdominal 
segments  1-5  with  complete 
transverse     yellow  bands 

above   0.  multipictm,  p.  308. 

b°.  Apical  margins  of  1st  and  2nd 
abdominal  segments  only  with 
complete  transverse  yellow 
bands  above. 
a°.  Head,  thorax,  and  basal  three 
segments  of  the  abdomen 

coarsely  punctured    0.  ceylonims,  p.  368. 

6°.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen 

with  much  finer  punctures.    0.  bipustulatus, 
.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  the  [p.  369. 

yellow  transverse  band  at  its  apical 
margin  widening  laterally  and  joining 
on  to  the  lateral  yellow  spot  at  its 
base. 

a'.  Head  emarginate  posteriorly,  cheeks 

not  much  developed    O.  ovalis,  p.  369. 

6^.  Head  transverse  posteriorly,  cheeks 

considerably  developed    O.  guttatus,  p.  370. 

,  Second  abdominal  segment  without  a 
yellow  lateral  spot. 

a^.  Median  segment  deeply  emarginate 
posteriorly,  the  sides  produced  back- 
wards   O.Jistulosus,  p.  370. 

S^.  Median  segment  not  emarginate  pos- 
teriorly. 

a'.  Second  abdominal  segment  subtu- 
berculate  near  the  base,  and  on 
each  side  near  the  margin  above  .    O.  humbertianus, 
b^.  Second  abdominal  segment  not  tu-  [p.  371. 

berculate  above, 
a*.  Third  abdominal  segment  with  a 
transverse  yellow  fascia  on  the 
middle  of  its  posterior  margin 

above   0.  burnianicus,  p.  371. 


ODTIfEBTrS. 


383 


J-".  Third  abdominal  segment  witliout 
any  yellow  border, 
a'.  First  abdominal  segment  petio-  _  _ 

late   0.  icanoidefi,  "p.  01  ■i- 

h\  First  abdominal  segment  not 

petiolate.  .  . 

a".  Wings  blackish    0.tinctipennts,-Q..i(^. 

b^.  Wings  cinereous   0.  intendens,  p.  373. 

637.  Odynerns  sikhimensis,  n.  sp.    (PI.  11,  fig.  12.) 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  punctured  and  thinly  pubescent, 
the  punctures  rather  coarse  and  closely  set  on  the  head  and 
thorax,  more  sparse  and  shallow  on  the  abdomen ;  clypeus  very 
convex  and  broadly  pyriform,  the  apex  emarginate;  the  post- 
scutellum  transverse  posteriorly,  not  projecting,  the  median  seg- 
ment depressed  vertically  below  it  and  slightly  concavo-truncate, 
the  angle  between  the  sides  and  the  truncation  with  a  vertical 
carina ;  basal  segment  of  abdomeu  only  very  slightly  narrowed, 
steeply  sloped  or  truncate  anteriorly.  Black,  the  pubescence 
fuscous  ;  a  line  on  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  the  apical  margin 
of  the  1st  abdominal  segment  above  and  of  the  2nd  above  and 
below  deep  brick-red ;  wings  very  long  and  ample,  light  fuscous 
■with  a  purple  effulgence,  the  base  of  the  hind  wing  hyaline. 

Hub.  Eangit  Valley,  Sikhim,  1000  ft.  ?  .  Length  9-11  ;  exp. 
28  mm.     tS  unknown.    Type  in  the  coll.  British  Museum. 

638.  Od3raerTis   sichelii,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  Suppl.  p.  206,  $, 

pi.  X,  fig.  b  ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  68. 

5  .  Head  and  abdomen  finely  and  rather  sparsely  punctured, 
the  head  pilose  in  front,  the  vertex  smooth,  the  punctures  shallow; 
thorax  much  more  closely  and  strongly  punctured,  granular ; 
clypeus  veiy  broadly  pyriform,  the  apex  with  two  distinct  short 
longitudinal  carincC,  forming  slightly  projecting  teeth ;  scutellum 
and  postscutellum  long,  declivous  ;  median  segment  long,  truncate 
posteriorly ;  1st  abdominal  segment  compressed,  narrowed,  cam- 
panulate,  bearing  two  transverse  distinct  sutures  close  to  its  base 
above,  2nd  segment  long,  raised,  and  subtuberculate  in  the  middle 
at  base  above.  Black,  shining ;  a  curved  line  on  the  clypeus  at 
base,  a  spot  between  the  antennae,  a  line  on  the  scape  of  the  same, 
a  minute  spot,  sometimes  absent,  behind  the  eyes,  a  transverse 
band  on  the  apical  margin  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment  above, 
and  a  slightly  broader  one  on  the  apical  margin  of  the  2nd  above 
and  below,  white ;  legs  black,  with  a  few  white  marks ;  wings 
clear  hyaline. 

Hab.  Sikhim ;  Barrackpore  ;  Mussooree  ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim. 
5  .  Length  8 ;  exj).  16  mm.  I  have  not  seen  a  specimen  of  the 
male. 


364 


EUMBNIDiE. 


639.  Odynerus  amadanensis,  Sauss.  Man.  GuSp.  Sol.  Suppl.  p.  214, 
pi.  xii,  fig-.  9,  (5 . 

2  6  .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  0.  ovalis  (p.  369) ;  differs 
primarily  in  belonging  to  the  subgenus  Ancistrocerus,  AVesm.,with 
a  transverse  suture  on  the  basal  abdominal  segment,  not  Lio- 
notus,  Sauss.,  which  has  the  1st  abdominal  segment  rounded  and 
steep  at  base  ;  it  differs  also  considerably  in  markings.  Head, 
thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  somewhat  coarsely  punctured, 
on  the  abdomen,  except  along  the  margins  of  segments  1-4,  the 
punctures  are  rather  shallow ;  clypeus  small,  pentagonal,  apex 
transverse  or  slightly  emarginate  ;  median  segment  not  depressed 
vertically  beneath  the  postscutellum,  slightly  sloping ;  the  sides 
posteriorly  rounded,  with  a  rather  deep  medial  longitudinal 
furrow;  basal  segment  of  abdomen  narrowed  and  with  a  pro- 
minent transverse  suture  at  base.  Yellow ;  a  large  triangular  spot 
on  the  vertex  of  the  head,  the  mesonotum  anteriorly  and  along 
the  sides  broadly,  all  the  sutures  between  the  parts  of  the  thorax, 
an  irregular  spot  at  the  base  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment,  and  a 
transverse  band  at  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment,  giving  out  a  large 
square  wedge-shaped  mark  in  the  middle  posteriorly,  and  prolonged 
back  on  each  side  along  the  lateral  margins  of  the  segment,  black 
or  rusty  rufescent  black ;  wings  clear  hyaline. 

Rnb.  Persia ;  Karachi ;  the  Punjab.  $  d"  •  Length  7-8  ;  arp. 
16-18  mm. 

Mr.  Gumming,  who  was  kind  enough  to  send  me  a  small  collec- 
tion of  bymenopterous  insects  from  Persia,  had  a  note  to  the  effect 
that  this  species  was  a  regular  nuisance,  coming  into  the  house 
and  stopping  up  keyholes  etc.  with  clay. 

*640.  Odynerus  ornatus. 

Ancistrocerus  ornatus,   Smith,   A.  M.  N.  H.  (2)   is  (1852), 
p.  49,  <S. 

"  c?  .  Length  4^  lines  (=10  mm.).  Ferruginous,  the  clypeus  and 
face  as  high  as  the  top  of  the  notch  in  the  eyes,  the  scape  of  the 
antenucB  in  front,  the  mandibles  and  cheeks  yellow ;  the  stemmata 
ai'e  enclosed  in  a  black  coronet-shaped  spot  on  the  vertex ;  the 
margin  of  the  prothorax,  the  tegulte  and  posterior  portion  of  the 
tubercles,  the  anterior  and  intermediate  tibiae  and  tarsi,  also  their 
coxas  in  front  yellow ;  the  lateral  margins  of  the  scutellum  and 
postscutellum,  and  also  the  margins  of  the  collar  stained  more  or 
less  with  yellow — all  the  impressed  divisions  of  the  thorax  are 
stained  more  or  less  black;  a  dark  fuscous  spot  occupies  the  mar- 
ginal cell,  extending  a  little  beyond ;  abdomen,  the  apical  margins 
of  the  segments  are  more  or  less  of  a  yellowish  tinge,  as  is  also 
the  2nd  segment  beneath ;  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments  above  are 
black  at  their  basal  margins." 

Hah.  Bombay  (Smith). 


ODTITEETJS. 


365 


641.  Odynerus  punctum. 

Polistes  puuctura,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  273.  i    •    «  o 

Odynerus  punctum,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  p-  209,  pi.  xix,  fig.  2; 
'Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  59. 
2 .  Head  and  thora.x  coarsely,  abdomen  more  finely  and  sparsely 
punctured ;  clypeus  broadly  pyriform,  convex, 
emarginate  at  apex ;  postscutellum  very  pro- 
minent and  raised  ;  median  segment  bulging 
laterally,  rounded  posteriorly  ;  abdomen  with 
the  basal  segment  not  narrowed.  Brownish 
red,  the  antennoB  obscurely  orauge-yellew,  2nd 
abdominal  segment  brighter  yellow  ;  the  space 
between  the  ocelli,  a  narrow  line  on  the  apex 
_  of  the  mesonotum  (sometimes  absent),  the  base 

Fig.  107.  of  the  2nd  segment  of  the  abdomen  above 

Odynerus  pimotum,    broadly,  and  of  the  3rd  narrowly,  black  ;  wings 
c?-    T-  hyaline,  slightly  ferruginous,  with  a  fuscous 

subapical  spot  on  the  costal  margin  of  the  fore  wing ;  2ud  cubital 
cell  nearly  triang\ilar. 

similar ;  the  clypeus,  the  front  as  high  as  the  emargination 
of  the  eyes,  a  line  on  the  scape  in  front,  the  posterior  margin  of 
the  pronotum  in  the  middle,  the  tegulsB,  the  lateral  angles  of  the 
scutelluin,  the  postscutellum  obscurely,  aud  the  anterior  and  inter- 
mediate tarsi  in  front,  bright  yellow ;  the  2nd  abdominal  segment 
fulvous  posteriorly. 

Hab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal;  Allahabad;  Bangalore;  Bombay. 
5  .  Lenc/th  10-11  ;  exjD.  23  mm.     d  .  Length  9-10 ;  exp.  22  mm. 

642.  Odynerus  punctatipeimis,  Sams.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  p.  210,  $  ; 
Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  59. 
Odynerus  intricatus,  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  59,  c? . 

5  .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  0.  punctum  ;  differs  from 
it  chiefly  and  constantly  in  colour,  and  in  the  head  and  thorax 
being  more  coarsely  punctured.  Ferruginous  brown,  the  head  in 
front  and  the  antennae  more  or  less  orange-yellow  ;  vertex  with 
a  A-shaped  black  mark  truncated  above ;  the  pronotum  anteriorly, 
the  tegulje,  postscutellum,  the  legs,  and  the  2nd  and  3rd  abdominal 
segments  yellow  ;  the  2nd  segment  black  at  base,  and  with  a  large 
transverse  spot,  widest  in  the  middle,  ferruginous  brown ;  wings 
flavo-hyaline,  with  a  large  subapical  fuscous  cloud  in  the  fore 
wing. 

S  similar,  but  the  black  mark  on  the  vertex  larger ;  a  trans- 
verse band  on  the  apical  margins  of  the  1st  and  2nd  segments  of 
the  abdomen  and  the  whole  of  the  visible  portion  of  the  following 
segments  yellow,  the  band  on  the  2nd  segment  much  enlarged 
laterally  and  with  a  black  stain  on  its  apical  margin. 

Var.  2  'S .  The  yellow  markings  much  reduced  or  replaced  with 
orange-brown. 

Hab.  Sikhim ;  Allahabad  ;  Delhi ;  Bombay.  $  .  Length  11-13 ; 
exp.  23-25  mm.     6  .  Length  9  ;  exp.  23  mm. 


366 


EUMENIDjE, 


*643.  Odynerus  miniatus,  Sauss.  Mon.  GuSp.  Sol.  Suppl.  p.  249,  pi.  xi, 
fig.  6,  5  ;  Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  ix,  p.  79. 

"  ?  .  Clypeus  pyriform,  transverse  anteriorly,  with  two  longitu- 
dinal carinoe,  the  space  between  them  punctured.  Ocelli  placed  in 
pits.  Metathorax  convex,  with  an  outwardly  divergent  carina  on 
each  side.  Head  and  thorax  punctured.  Abdomen  subpetiolate, 
the  1st  segment  elongate,  bell-shaped,  prominent  above,  about 
half  the  width  of  the  2nd  segment ;  the  latter  swollen  and  tuber- 
culate  above.  Black ;  the  mandibles,  a  spot  between  the  antenniE, 
the  scape  in  front,  the  flagellum  beneath,  the  outer  orbits,  a  spot 
in  the  sinus  of  each  eye,  the  clypeus  (except  an  oval  black  spot  in 
the  middle),  two  spots  on  the  prothorax,  its  entire  margin,  a  spot 
under  the  base  of  the  wings,  the  tegulae  (except  a  spot  of  red  in 
the  centre),  the  lateral  angles  of  the  scuteUum  and  of  the  post- 
scutellum,  the  apical  margin  of  the  1st  and  2nd  abdominal  seg- 
ments, and  a  free,  round,  lateral  spot  on  the  last,  yellow  ;  the  base 
of  the  abdomen  red,  the  anal  segment  brownish ;  legs  red,  femora 
and  tarsi  yellow  ;  wings  hyaline. 

''Hah.  India  (coll.  F.  Smith).     2  •  Length,  6'5 ;  exp.  12-5  mm." 

644.  Odynerus  dififinis,  Sams.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  Suppl.  p.  274,  pi.  xiv, 
fig.  2  ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  59. 

2  S  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured, 
the  thorax  granular,  the  abdomen  slightly  shining ;  clypeus  sub- 
pyriform,  the  apex  incised ;  postscutelkim  slightly  prominent, 
transverse  posteriorly ;  median  segment  depressed  beneath  it, 
vertical ;  the  sides  rounded,  a  broad  medial  longitudinal  furrow 
with  a  narrow  carina  down  it ;  abdomen  oval,  the  2nd  seg- 
ment not  narrowed,  cup-shaped.  Black  ;  the  mandibles,  clypeus, 
a  broad  Y-shaped  mark  above  it,  the  sinus  of  the  eyes,  a  broad 
stripe  behind  them,  the  scape  of  the  antennae,  a  broad  stripe  on 
the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  the  tegulae,  the  scutellum,  post- 
scutellum,  a  large  spot  on  each  side  of  the  median  segment, 
another  on  each  side  at  base  of  the  2ud  abdominal  segment,  and 
the  posterior  margins  of  all  the  segments,  bright  yellow,  the  base  of 
the  1st  segment  broadly  deep  red ;  legs  yellow,  the  coxaj  black,  the 
femora,  tibia?,  and  tarsi  touched  with  reddish  ferruginous ;  wings jight 
flavo-hyaline,  with  a  brownish  tint  along  the  costal  margin  of  the 
fore  M'inff,  and  the  apical  two-thirds  of  the  radial  cell  fuscous. 

Var.  The  red  on  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  reduced 
to  a  large  patch  on  each  side.  Other  specimens  have  the  red 
spreading  on  to  the  sides  of  the  median  segment. 

Hab.  Sikhim  ;  Barrackpore  ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim.  $  .  Le7igth 
8-9  ;  e.rp.  18-20  mm.     d  .  Length  8  ;  exp.  17  mm. 

645.  Odynerus  fraternus,  n.  sp. 

2 .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  0.  conf  uentus ;  differs  in 
having  the  abdomen  very  sparsely  punctured,  nearly  glabrous, 
the  punctures  fine  and  shallow  ;  the  clypeus  very  broad,  grooved 


ODYNEUTJS. 


367 


at  aT)ex  and  ending  in  two  distinct  teeth  ;  median  segment  more 
IE  kss  concave  posteriorly,  the  sides  rounded ;  in  colour 
0  fmTerm^  differs  in  having  a  large  black  spot  on  the  clypeus,  no 
m;S  sSpes  on  the  mesonotum,  and  a  free  spot  on  each  side 
nf  thp  basal  abdominal  segment. 

Tenasserim.     ?  •  Lencjth  10  ;  e:cp.  24  mm.     6  unknown. 
Type  in  the  coll.  British  Museum. 

646.  Odynerus  confluentus,  S7n{th,  Cat.  v,  p.  60,  5 . 

0  Head  thorax,  and  abdomen  covered  with  elongate  con- 
fluent punctures  running  into  longitudinal  strias  on  the  abdomen 
above  ;  clypeus  pyriform,  raised,  flat  along  the  middle,  the  apex 
broad,  transverse";  the  scutellum  gibbous  its  sides  rounded ;  the 
median  segment  vertical,  depressed  underneath  the  postscutel- 
lum  concavo-truncate  down  the  middle  posteriorly,  with  a  medial 
carima,  the  apical  lateral  angles  of  the  segment  acut^e ;  abdomen 
with  the  basal  segment  narrower  than  the  2nd  the  pos^^erior 
margins  o£  all  the  segments  narrowly  smooth  and  sbining.  Black ; 
the  clypeus,  a  spot  above  it,  the  emargmation  of  tjie  eyes,  a 
stripe  behind  them,  a  squarish  spot  on  each  side  of  the  pro- 
notum  nearly  meeting  in  the  middle,  the  tubercles,  a  spot  on  the 
mesopleur^e,  two  parallel  abbreviated  lines  on  the  mesonotum,  the 
teeulffi,  a  spot  at  the  lateral  angles  of  the  scutellum,  the  post- 
scutellum,  the  median  segment  except  a  broad  medial  vertical 
black  line,  narrow  subapical  transverse  bands  on  the  margins  ot 
abdominal  segments  1-5  above,  an  oblong  spot  along  the  sides  of 
the  basal  and  a  round  spot  on  the  sides  of  the  2nd  segment, 
yellow  •  legs  yellow  variegated  with  ferruginous ;  wings  hyaline, 
fuscous  along  the  costal  margin,  nervures  fuscous,  tegulffi  with  a 

fuscous  spot.  ,  ,  ^  ,  ,  no  on 

Hah.  Tenasserim ;  Sumatra.  $  .  Length  12-14 ;  eccp.  28-30  mm. 
S  unknown. 

647.  Odynerus  fragilis,  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  61,  c?. 

2  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  somewhat  closely  and  coarsely 
punctured ;  clvpeus  broadly  pyriform,  its  apex  incised  ;  post- 
scutellum  not  or  barely  gibbous  ;  median  segment  posteriorly  with 
a  deepish  hollow  traversed  by  a  medial  vertical  carina ;  the  basal 
abdominal  segment  much  narrowed,  very  little  more  than  halt 
the  breadth  of  the  2nd  segment.  Black ;  the  clypeus  except  a 
waved  transverse  band  across  it,  a  spot  above  it,  the  emargmation 
of  the  eyes,  a  line  behind  them,  the  scape  of  the  antennse  in 
front,  two  large  spots  on  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotuni 
not  meeting  in  the  middle,  the  tubercles,  a  spot  on  each  side  of 
the  scutellum,  another  on  each  side  of  the  postscutellum,  a  third 
larger  and  oval  on  the  sides  of  the  median  segment  posteriorly, 
the  apical  margins  of  the  basal  two  abdominal  segments,  and  a 
medial  spot  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the  apical  two  segments, 
yellow ;  the  2nd  segment  with  a  large  round  spot  on  each  side  at 


ETTMENIDjB. 


its  base  ;  legs  yellow,  stained  with  ferruginous  red  ;  wings  hyaline, 
with  a  fuscous  subapical  spot. 

c?  similar,  the  yellow  markings  slightly  broader,  the  flagelluni 
of  the  antennae  fulvous  beneath. 

Bah.  Burma  ;  Tenasserira  ;  Borneo.  $  .  Length  6-7 ;  exp.  IB- 
IS mm.     c?  .  Length  5-6  ;  exj).  16  mm. 

648.  Odynerus  multipictus.    (PI.  II,  fig.  13.) 
Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  112. 

2  •  Head  and  thorax  with  coarse  confluent  punctures  ;  abdomen 
impunctate,  opaque,  smooth,  not  shining  ;  clypeus  slightly  convex, 
flask-shaped,  the  apex  truncate,  narrow,  the  sides  roundly  emar- 
ginate;  scutellum  and  postscutellum  rather  long,  declivous  ;  median 
segment  truncate  posteriorly,  the  sides  rounded,  not  produced 
nor  dentate:  1st  abdominal  segment  not  narrowed,  cup-shaped. 
Black ;  the  mandibles  at  base,  the  clypeus  except  a  black  central 
spot,  a  line  from  the  anterior  ocellus  to  between  the  bases  of  the 
antenn£E,  clavate  below,  a  line  on  the  front  of  the  scape  of  the 
antenna,  the  whole  emargination  of  the  eyes,  a  line  behind 
them,  a  short  obHque  line  on  each  side  of  the  posterior  ocelli, 
the  pronotum  in  front,  two  fine  abbreviated  parallel  lines  on  the 
disc  of  the  mesonotum,  the  tegulse,  the  tubercles,  two  spots  often 
coalescing  on  the  scutellum,  the  posterior  lateral  angles  of  the 
median  segment,  the  legs,  and  a  transverse  band  on  the  basal  five 
segments  of  the  abdomen,  yellow ;  the  legs  variegated  with  black, 
the  inside  of  the  femora  an  dtibise  of  the  posterior  legs  ferruginous; 
wings  subhyaline  and  iridescent,  a  subapical  cloud  and  the  costal 
margin  of  the  fore  wing  fuscous. 

Var.  The  two  parallel  yellow  lines  on  the  mesonotum  absent. 
Bab.  DehraDun;  Sikhim  Terai;  Burma;  Tenasserim  ;  Borneo. 
2  .  Length  9-10  ;  exjy.  22-23  mm.     cJ  unknown. 

649.  Odynerus  ceylonicus,  Sauss.  Novara-Reise,  Hym.  p.  12,  2  cJ. 

The  Odynerus  which  I  have,  after  careful  comparison,  identi- 
fied, though  with  some  doubt,  as  this  species  closely  resembles 
0.  bipustuJatus,  but  is  slightly  smaller  and  has  the  basal  abdo- 
minal segment  narrower  in  proportion ;  the  head,  thorax,  and 
abdomen  are  more  coarsely  punctured,  the  apical  three  segments 
of  the  latter  being  smooth.  Black,  with  cinereous  pile  in  certain 
lights  ;  the  mandibles,  a  spot  on  the  front,  the  emargination  of 
the  eyes,  a  line  behind  them,  a  line  on  the  scape  of  the  antennse 
in  front,  the  base  and  margins  of  the  clypeus,  a  spot  on  each  side 
of  the  pronotum,  a  spot  on  the  mesoplem'se,  the  tegulaj,  a  spot  on  each 
lateral  angle  of  both  scutellum  and  postscutellum,  an  abbreviated, 
line  on  each  side  of  the  median  segment  postei'iorly,  a  line  on 
the  posterior  margins  of  the  1st,  2nd,  and  4th  segments  of  the 
abdomen,  a  spot  in  the  middle  of  the  apical  margiii  of  the  5th 
and  a  medial  spot  on  the  6th  segment,  yellow;  legs  variegated 
with  yellow,  tarsi  rufescent ;  wings  hyaline,  with  a  submarginal 
fuscous  spot  in  the  fore  wing. 


ODYNERUS. 


369 


Hah.  Ceylon  (Saussure) ;  Eangit  Valley,  Sikhim  (Mdller); 
Burma.    $  .  Length  S-9  ;  e.vjy.  18  mm.    I  have  not  seen  a  male. 

650.  Odynenis  bipustulatus,  Sauss.  Mon.  Ouep.  Sol.  Suppl.  p.  277, 

5  J,  pi-  xii,  fig-  10- 
$  .  Head  and  thorax  finely  and  densely,  abdomen  more  sparsely 
punctured,  the  punctures  shallow  and  large  towards  the  posterior 
margins  of  the  segments  ;  clypeus  nearly  as  broad  as  long,  incised 
at  apex ;  scutellum  and  postscutellum  declivous,  the  latter  not 
truncate ;  median  segment  depressed  vertically  beneath  the  post- 
scutellum, truncate  posteriorly,  not  concave,  the 
sides  rounded,  transversely  striate ;  abdomen 
with  the  basal  segment  not  narrowed,  cup- 
shaped.    Black ;  a  spot  on  each  side  of  the 
base  of  the  clypeus,  a  spot  above  it,  another 
in  the  sinus  of  each  eye,  a  line  behind  them, 
the  scape  of  the  antennae  in  front,  a  large 
spot  on  each  side  of  the  pronotum  in  front, 
the  tegiilse  except  a  black  spot  in  the  middle, 
the  tubercles,  a  spot  on  each  side  of  the 
Tig.  108.— 0(%/ncras  scutellum,  another  on  each  side  of  the  post- 
bipustulatiis,  $.  |.    scutellum,  a  line  on  each  side  of  the  median 
segment,  a  complete  transverse  band  on  the 
apical  margins  of  the  basal  two  abdominal  segments  above,  and 
a  medial  spot  on  the  apical  margins  of  the  4th  and  sometimes 
on  the  5th  and  6th  segments  also,  yellow  ;  legs  black  variegated 
with  yellow,  the  anterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  with  ferruginous  ;  wings 
hyaline,  narrowly  dark  fuscous  along  the  costal  margin  of  the  fore 
wing. 

S  similar ;  the  clypeus  entirely  yellow. 

Eab.  Delhi ;  Allahabad  ;  Agra  ;  Barrackpore  ;  Burma  ;  Tenas- 
serim.  $  .  Length  6-7'5  ;  ex;p.  16-17  mm.  (S .  Length  6  ;  exp. 
17  mm. 

651.  Odynerus  ovalis,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol.  p.  216,  S;  Smith,  Cat. 
T,  p.  59. 

5  c?  •  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  somewhat  coarsely 
punctured  ;  the  punctures  at  the  bases  of  the  abdominal  segments 
slightly  finer  than  along  their  apical  margins ;  clypeus  convex, 
subtriangular,  scarcely  pyriform,  the  apex  truncate  or  very  slightly 
emarginate  ;  scutellum  and  postscutellum  oblique,  the  latter  not 
dentate  or  spined  at  the  lateral  angles  ;  median  segment  rounded 
at  the  sides  posteriorly,  concavo-truncate  down  the  middle  to  the 
apex,  and  bearing  a  vertically-impressed  medial  line ;  1st  abdo- 
minal segment  steeply  rounded  at  base,  not  narrowed.  Black 
(rarely  reddish) ;  the  mandibles  except  at  apex,  the  clypeus,  the 
emargination  of  the  eyes,  a  triangular  spot  on  the  front  above  the 
base  of  the  antennse,  the  scape  of  the  latter,  a  line  behind  the 
eyes,  the  sides  of  the  proDotum  not  reaching  the  posterior  angles, 

TOL.  I.  2  b 


370 


BUMENIDiT!. 


the  tubercles,  a  large  spot  below  each  of  them,  the  tegulse,  the 
scutellum,  postscutellum,  and  sides  of  the  median  segment  broadly, 
and  transverse  bands  on  the  posterior  margins  of  all  the  abdominal 
segments,  yellow  ;  on  the  basal  two  segments  the  transverse  band 
joins  on  laterally  to  large  roundish  yellow  spots ;  in  some  specimens 
these  spots  are  free,  not  joined  to  the  transverse  band  ;  legs  yellow, 
the  coxaj  and  base  of  the  femora  black :  wings  hyaline  and 
iridescent,  slightly  fuscescent  along  the  costal  margin  and  in  the 
apex  of  the  radial  cell  of  the  fore  wing ;  2nd  cubital  cell  much 
narrowed  at  top  and  produced  into  an  extremely  acute  angle 
towards  the  base  of  the  wing  below. 

Var.  With  the  yellow-  markings  not  so  broad. 

Eab.  Throughout  the  plains  of  India  ;  Punjab  ;  Bombay ;  the 
Deccan  ;  Madras.     $  cJ  •  Length  6-9  ;         13-17  mm. 

652.  Odynerus  guttatus. 

Aucistrocercus  guttatus,  Smith,  A.  M.  N.  H.  ser.  2,  ix  (1852)  p.  49. 

5  .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  0.  ovalis.  The  type  speci- 
men in  the  British  Museum,  which  is  the  only  one  I  have  seen, 
differs  fi-om  0.  ovalis  in  having  the  occiput  and  cheeks  more 
developed  posteriorly,  the  occiput  especially  being  transverse,  not 
roundly  emarginate  as  in  ovalis.  Black;  the  base  of  the  mandibles, 
the  clypeus,  a  wedge-shaped  spot  above  it  on  the  front,  a  line  on 
the  inner  orbits  joining  a  spot  in  the  emargination  of  the  eyes,  the 
scape  of  the  antennas,  a  broad  line  behind  the  eyes,  a  large  spot  on 
each  side  of  the  pronotum  meeting  in  the  middle,  the  tegulas, 
tubercles,  scutellum,  the  middle  of  the  postscutellum,  an  ovate 
spot  on  each  side  of  the  median  segment,  a  line  broadest  in  the 
middle  on  the  1st  abdominal  segment,  the  posterior  margins 
broadly  of  the  2nd-4th  segments,  and  a  square  spot  in  the  middle 
of  the  5th  segment,  yellow  ;  there  is  a  round  yellow  spot  at  the  base 
of  the  2nd  segment,  joined  by  a  narrow  line  to  the  band  on  its 
margin  ;  legs  yellow,  the  coxse,  trochanters,  and  base  of  the  femora 
black ;  wings  hyaline,  brownish  yellow  along  the  costal  margin  of 
the  fore  wing,  and  with  a  fuscous  cloud  in  the  radial  cell. 

JIab.  Bombay.     $  .  Length  8  ;  exj:).  20  mm.     iS  unknown. 

653.  Odynerus  fistulosus,  Sauss.  Novara-Heise,  Kym.  p.  11,  J . 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  coarsely  punctured,  the  punctures  running 
into  reticulations  on  the  median  segment,  on  the  front  and  clypeus 
they  are  rather  shallow  ;  abdomen  more  sparsely  and  finely 
punctured ;  clypeus  at  apex  slightly  bidentate,  scutellum  with  a 
medial  longitudinal  broad  furrow,  postscutellum  not  truncate 
posteriorly ;  median  segment  deeply  emarginate  posteriorly,  the 
sides  produced  obtusely,  the  truncation  smooth  and  finely,  obliquely 
striate.  Black,  the  abdomen  in  certain  lights  with  a  cinereous 
silvery  pile  ;  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  a  line  on  each  side  of  the 
clypeus  at  base,  a  spot  and  a  medial  vertical  line  above  the  base  of 
the  antennae,  a  spot  ia  the  emargination  of  the  eyes,  a  line  behind 


ODYNEKUS. 


371 


them,  an  interrupted  line  on  the  prouotum,  the  tegulffi,  a  spot 
on  the  mesopletirte,  a  submargiual  transverse  baud  on  abdominal 
segments  1-5,  and  lateral  spots  ou  the  1st  and  2nd  ventral 
segments,  yellow ;  the  sides  of  the  median  segment  posteriorly 
narrowly  rufescent ;  legs  black  variegated  with  yellow,  the  tarsi 
reddish  ;  wings  fusco-hyaline  and  iridescent. 

Var.  With  the  yellow  markings  much  reduced  and  more  or  less 
obsolete,  especially  on  the  abdomen. 

Eah.  Pundaloya  {Gh-een),  Ceylon.  $  .  Length  10  ;  ex^.  22  mm. 
d  unknown. 

654.  Odynerus  humbertianus,  Sauss.  Novara-Eeise,  Hym.  p.  13,  $  J  • 

5 .  Head  thorax,  and  basal  three  segments  of  the  abdomen 
coarsely  and  closely  punctured,  rest  of  the  abdomen  smooth; 
clypeus  very  long  and  pyriform,  margined  off  by  a  carina  on  each 
side  and  longitudinally  rugose  striate  between  the  carinse  ;  median 
segment  with  a  broad  sulcation  down  the  middle  which  is  not 
smooth  but  punctured,  the  apex  below  with  a  longish  spinous  tooth 
on  each  side ;  abdomen  with  the  basal  segment  narrowed,  the  2nd 
segment  with  a  conspicuous  conical  elevation  close  to  the  base  in 
the  middle  above,  and  a  smaller  one  submarginally  on  each  side. 
Black,  in  certain  Hghts  appearing  covered  with  a  thin  cinereous  pile ; 
the  base  of  the  mandibles,  a  line  on  each  side  of  the  clypeus  at  base, 
a  spot  (sometimes  a  vertical  line)  above  the  clypeus,  the  emargi- 
nation  of  the  eyes,  a  line  behind  them,  two  contiguous  spots  on  the 
posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  a  spot  on  the  posterior  part  of 
the  tegulas,  a  spot  at  the  lateral  angles  of  the  scutellum,  sometimes 
absent,  a  line  on  the  postscutellum,  the  apical  teeth  on  the  median 
segment,  a  transverse  baud  on  the  apical  margins  of  the  basal  two 
abdominal  segments,  with  two  contiguous  spots  or  an  abbreviated 
line  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the  4th  and  5th  segments  in  the 
middle  above,  yellow;  legs  reddish  or  black  variegated  with  yellow; 
wings  hyaline  and  iridescent. 

similar ;  clypeus  without  carinsB,  bidentate  at  apex  and  yellow ; 
6th  segment  also  with  an  iuterrupted  marginal  yellow  line.* 

Hah.  Udagama,  Ceylon  ( Green)  ;  Sil^him  {Mdller)  ;  Burma  ; 
Tenasserim.  A  common  species.  $  .  Length  8-10;  exp.  18-22  mm. 
cJ.  Length  7-8  ;  exp.  16-19  mm. 

655.  Od3merus  hurmanicus,  n.  sp. 

5  .  Torm  stouter  and  broader  in  proportion  to  length  than  any 
Odynerus  known  to  me.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  punctured, 
closely  and  coarsely  so  on  the  head  and  thorax,  more  sparsely 
with  the  punctures  more  shallow  on  the  bases  of  the  abdominal 


*  Maindron  describes  a  species  unknown  to  me  briefly  as  follows:  — 

"  Odynerus  ponticerianus.     Niger,  niLidus,  grossis  piinctis,  toto  corporo 

corrugato.    AHs  hyalinis.    Abdominis  segmentis  primo  utque  secundo  tenuis 

vittis  flaviacentibus  marginalis. 

"  Hob.  Pondioheri.  Long.  7  mm."— Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Pr.  1882,  Bull.  p.  xy,  9  ^ 

2b2 


372 


EUMETTID^E. 


segments;  apical  segment  dull,  opaque,  impunctate;  clypeus convex, 
as  broad  as  long,  with  tlie  base  transverse,  the  apex  narrowed  and 
emarginate  ;  acutellum  and  postscutellum  large  and  prominent,  the 
latter  projecting  posteriorly  ;  median  segment  very  broad,  truncate 
posteriorly,  with  the  sides  rounded  ;  abdomen  short,  stout,  massive, 
the  basal  segment  cup-sliaped.  Black ;  the  basal  half  of  the 
clypeus,  a  spot  above  it,  a  spot  in  the  emargination  of  the  eyes, 
an  obscure  spot  behind  them,  a  medially  interrupted  line  on  the 
pronotum,  the  tegula)  except  a  transverse  testaceous  strealc  in  the 
middle,  a  spot  at  each  lateral  angle  of  the  postscutellum,  and  a 
transverse  fascia  on  the  apical  margins  of  the  basal  three  segments 
of  the  abdomen,  yellowish  white  ;  legs  ferruginous,  -with  the  coxae 
fuscous  black  and  a  streak  on  the  outer  side  of  all  the  tibiae  yellow; 
wings  clear  hyaline,  very  slightly  fuscescent  in  the  radial  cell  of 
the  fore  wing. 

Hah.  Rangoon  ;  Toungoo ;  Pegu.  $  .  Length  8-10  ;  exp.  18- 
22  mm.     cJ  unknown. 

656.  Odynerus  icarioides,  n.  sp. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  the  basal  four  segments  of  the  abdomen 
finely  and  closely  punctured,  the  apical  two  abdominal  segments 
smooth,  dull  and  opaque  ;  clypeus  convex,  subtriangular,  the  apex 
of  the  triangle  turned  downwards  and  truncate  or  slightly  emar- 
ginate; median  seguient  slightly  sloped,  with  a  medial  deep  fuiTow, 
the  sides  posteriorly  on  each  side  of  the  furrow  rounded;  abdomen 
petiolate,  the  basal  segment  shaped  almost  as  in  Icaria.  Black ; 
the  base  of  the  maudibles,  a  spot  on  each  side  at  the  base  and  the 


Pig.  109. —  Odynerus  icarioides,  J.  f. 


apex  of  the  clypeus,  the  base  of  the  scape  of  the  antennae  in  front, 
a  line  on  the  pronotum,  the  tegulse,  a  spot  at  each  lateral  angle  of 
the  postscutellum,  a  line  on  the  fore  legs  anteriorly,  the  apex 
beneath  of  the  intermediate  femora,  and  a  transverse  band  on  the 
posterior  margins  of  the  basal  two  abdominal  segments,  yellow ; 
wings  f  usco-hyaline,  darkening  along  the  anterior  margin  of  the 
fore  wing. 

Hob.  Tenasserim.     $  .  Lenglli  11 ;  exp.  24  mm. 

*657.  Odynerus  tinctipennis,  Walk.  A.  M.  N.  H.  (3)  v,  1860,  p.  304. 
Ancistocerus  tinctipennis,  Motsch.  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.  1863, 
p.  23. 

5  .  "  Black,  roughly  punctured.    Head  with  a  short  yellow  line 


ODYNBEUS. — PTEBOCniLUS. 


373 


behind  each  eye ;  ciypeus  finely  punctured,  with  a  yellow  spot  on 
each  side.  Protliorax  with  a  transverse  attenuated  line  which  is 
interrupted  in  the  middle.  Two  yellow  dots  at  the  base  of  each 
fore  wing,  the  hind  one  divided.  Meta thorax  with  a  short  trans- 
verse yellow  line.  Abdomen  finely  punctured  hiudward ;  1st  and 
2nd  segments  with  yellow  hind  borders.  Anterior  femora  with 
a  yellow  apical  stripe  on  the  outer  side.  Wings  blackish,  veins 
and  stigma  black.  Length  5  lines  (  =  11  mm.),  wings  8  lines 
(= nearly  IS  mm.)." 
Hab.  Ceylon. 

*658.  Odynerus  intendens,  Walker,  A.  M.  N.  H.  (3)  v  (I860)  p.  304. 
Aucistocerus  'nitenAen%,  Motsch.  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.  1863,  p.  23. 

2  .  "  Black,  roughly  punctured.  Head  with  a  red  point  behind 
each  eye  and  with  another  in  the  notch  of  each  eye,  a  pale  point 
between  the  antennte,  which  are  reddish  beneath  at  the  tips ; 
ciypeus  thinly  punctured,  with  a  curved  transverse  piceous  hue  at 
its  base ;  scape  yellow  beneath.  Abdomen  smooth  towards  the 
tip,  1st  and  2nd  "segments  with  whitish  hind  borders.  Tibiae  and 
tarsi  beneath  and  knees  reddish,  fore  tibiae  yellow  on  the  inside. 
Wings  cinereous,  veins  and  stigma  black.  Second  submargiual 
areolet  divided  by  an  additional  veinlet.  Length  4  lines  ( =  about 
9  mm.),  wings  6  lines. 

Hab.  Ceylon.    I  have  failed  to  identify  this  species. 

Genus  PTEROCHILUS. 

Pterochilus,  Klug,  Beitr.  z.  Naturk.  v.  Weber  und  Mohr,  i,  p.  143 
(1806). 

Type,  P.  pallasii,  Klug. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  slightly  concave  posteriorly  ;  eyes  rather  small  in  propor- 
tion, reaching  down  to  the  base  of  the  mandibles  ;  ocelli  small, 
placed  in  a  triangle  on  the  summit  of  the  vertex  ;  ciypeus  rouudly 

angular  at  base  ;  mandibles  large 
and  powerful,  crossing  each  other 
behind  the  ciypeus,  and  cUiated 
on  the  outer  side  with  fine  hairs ; 
labium  long;  labial  palpi  longer 
than  the  lingua,  3-joiuted,  the 
apical  two  ciliated  with  long  hairs  ; 
maxillary  palpi  of  6  joints.  Thorax 
ovate,  somewhat  angular  in  front; 
Fig.  110  l;{jg  median  segment  very  steeply 

Pterochilus  prdcMlus,  $ .  |.        ^-^^^^^^  ^^^^      vertical,  the  medial 

furrow  ill-defined ;  legs  long  and  stout  in  proportion,  intermediate 
tibite  with  one  apical  spur :  wings  ample,  radial  cell  of  fore  wing 
broad,  acute  and  elongate  at  apex,  1st  cubital  cell  long,  about 
equal  to  the  2nd  and  3rd  united,  2nd  subtriangular,  the  3rd 
higher  than  long,  subquadrate.    Abdomen,  the  basal  segment 


374 


eumenid;e. 


subpetiolate,  cup-shaped,  receiving  and  covering  the  base  of  the 
2nd  segment,  2nd  very  large  and  as  broad  as  it  is  long. 

I  know  of  only  one  species  of  Pterochilus  occurring  in  India, 
P.  pulcliclliis,  Smith,  the  habits  of  which  have  been  well  described 
by  Horne  (Trans.  Zool.  Soc.  vii,'p.  168).  It  builds  little  cells  of 
finely-worked  clay  for  nests,  and  fills  them  with  minute  spiders. 

659.  Pterochilus  pulchellus.  Smith,  Trans.  Zool.  Soc.  vii,  p.  190,  pi.  xxi, 
figs.  8,  8«  (nest),  &  86. 

2 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  punctured,  the  punctures  on 
the  head  and  thorax  close  and  fine,  the  surface  with  a  granular 
look,  on  the  abdomen  the  punctures  are  shallow  ;  clypeus  convex, 
subtriangular,  the  apex  produced  and  rounded ;  thorax  ovate,  deep, 
the  scutellum  and  postscutellum  not  particularly  prominent ;  the 
median  segment  with  a  steep  slope,  but  not  vertical,  its  sides 
compressed,  posteriorly  with  a  lateral  edge  or  angle  and  a  medial 
somewhat  broad  furrow  ;  basal  abdominal  segment  narrowed,  sub- 
petiolate. Black  ;  the  basal  abdominal  segment  light  ferruginous 
red ;  the  clypeus,  except  a  fuscous  streak  down  the  middle,  a  spot 
above  it,  another  in  the  emargination  of  the  eyes,  a  hne  behind 
them,  the  front  of  the  pronotum,  the  tegulie,  a  spot  on  the  meso- 
pleuras,  the  lateral  angles  of  the  scutellum  and  postscutellum, 
a  transverse  band  on  the  apical  margins  of  the  1st  and  2nd  abdo- 
minal segments,  a  round  spot  on  each  side  near  the  base  of  the 
latter,  and  elongate  transverse  spots  on  the  apical  margins  of  the 
4th  and  5th  segments,  with  a  spot  in  the  middle  of  the  apical  seg- 
ment above,  yellow  ;  legs  yellow,  with  slight  ferruginous  stains  ; 
wings  hyaline  and  iridescent.  ■>    ^  a 

S  similar ;  clypeus  immaculate,  the  lateral  spots  on  the  ind 
abdominal  segment  wanting.  ,  o 

Bob.  Mainpuri ;  Allahabad,  N.W.  Provinces.  $  .  Length  i-h ; 
e,vp.  11  mm.     cJ  •  Length  6 ;  exp.  11  mm. 

Genus  ALASTOR. 

■    OdvBerus,  pt.,  Guer.  Voy.  Coq.,  Zool.  ii,  pt.  2,  p.  266  (1838)^  ^ 

AJastor,  Lepel.  Rt/m.  ii,  p.  668  (1841)  ;  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sol. 
p.  249,  pi.  vi,  fig.  4  a,  4  6,  4  c,  &  pi.  vii,  fig.  6  a,  6  6,  6  c,  6 

Types,  A.  clothe  and  A.  atropos,  Lepel. 
llange.  South  America  ;  Australia;  Ceylon. 
Characters  those  of  Oclynerus,  except  the 
following  : — labium    with   the    median  lobe 
divided;  labial  palpi  of  four  joints,  the  1st 
inflated  at  the  end,  the  4th  very  minute; 
maxillary  palpi  with  six  joints,  the  1st  thick- 
ened, the  others  slender  ;  mandibles  acute,  with 
four  lateral  teeth  ;  fore  wing  \\'ith  the  2nd 
cubital  cell  petiolate. 
Fig.  n\.—Alastor        Only  one  species  is  known  within  our  limits, 
variolosa,  $ .  f .      and  that  is  fix)m  Ceylon. 


TESPIDyD. 


375 


660.  Alastor  variolosus,  n.  sp. 

c? .  Head,  thorax,  and  basal  three  abdominal  segments  strongly 
and  very  coarsely  punctured;  clypeus  transverse,  its  anterior 
margin  waved ;  antennaj  inserted  rather  low  down,  just  above  tlie 
base  of  the  clypeus ;  pronotum  truncate  anteriorly,  the  anterior 
lateral  angles  tuberculate ;  median  segment  roundly  concavo- 
truncate  posteriorly,  divided  by  a  medial  longitudinal  deep  broad 
furrow,  the  posterior  angles  at  apex  with  an  upcurved  tubercular 
spine;  basal  segment  of  abdomen  cup-shaped,  about  half  the 
length  of  the  2nd,  which  is  deeply  constricted  at  base,  the  con- 
striction smooth  and  shining ;  apical  four  segments  smooth,  dull 
and  opaque.  Black ;  the  clypeus,  a  line  on  the  scape  of  the 
antennffi  in  front,  a  spot  in  the  emargination  of  the  eyes,  a  spot  on 
each  side  of  the  middle  of  the  pronotum  posteriorly,  the  lateral 
angles  of  the  postscutellum,  and  a  narrow  line  on  the  apical 
margins  of  the  basal  two  abdominal  segments,  yellow  ;  legs  varie- 
gated with  yellow  and  rufous  ;  wings  hyaline,  the  radial  cell  slightly 
fuscescent,  the  nervures  dark  testaceous ;  the  tegulse  very  large, 
black,  smooth  and  shining. 

Hah.  Trincomali,  Ceylon.  d  •  Length  7  ;  exp.  12  mm.  $  un- 
known. 


Family  VESPID^. 

Labium  short,  quadrilobed,  the  divisions  corneous  at  apex; 
labial  palpi  with  three  or  four,  maxillary  palpi  with  six,  sometimes 
only  five,  joints.  Mandibles,  as  a  rule,  short,  armed  with  terminal 
teeth,  except  in  the  genus  Ischnogaster,  which  has  the  mandibles 
long  and  not  dentate  ;  antennae  geniculate,  arched,  in  Ischnogaster 
subclavate,  of  12  joints  in  the  $,13  in  the  6;  clypeus  pentagonal 
or  square,  in  Ischnogaster  elongate ;  when  pentagonal  or  lengthened 
ending  in  a  point,  when  square,  anteriorly  emarginate,  sometimes 
bilobed ;  eyes  not  always  reaching  down  to  the  base  of  the  man- 
dibles, the  inner  orbits  with  a  sinus  or  emargination.  Thorax 
variable,  the  posterior  angles  of  the  pronotum  reaching  back 
to  the  base  of  the  wings  ;  median  segment  always  more  or  less 
convex;  legs  with  the  tibiae  armed  at  apex  with  two  spines; 
claws  simple  *.  Wings  when  in  repose  with  a  longitudinal  fold ; 
fore  wing  with  one  radial  and  two,  three,  or  four  cubital  cells,  the 
2nd  cubital  cell,  without  exception,  receiving  both  recurrent  nervures ; 
1st  cliscoidal  cell  considerably  longer  than  the  1st  submedial  cell. 
Abdomen  variable. 


*  Ischnogaster,  which  seems  to  me  a  link  between  the  Eummidce  and  Vespidce 
both  in  structure  and  habits,  has  two  apical  tibial  spines,  but  tlie  claws  arc  uni- 
dentate  at  base  below. 


376 


Key  to  the  Genera. 

A.  First  abdominal  segment  narrowed  into  a 

petiole. 

a.  Fore  wing  with  3  or  4  cubital  cells. 

a'.  Petiole  much  longer  than  the  rest  of 
the  abdomen. 
a-.  Mandibles  and  clypeiis  long  beak- 
shaped,  the  former  not  dentate   .  . 
b'-.  Mandibles  and  clypeus  short,  the 
former  with  teeth  at  apex,  the 

livtter  pentagonal   

h'.  Petiole  shorter  than  or  equal  in  length 
to  the  rest  of  the  abdomen, 
a^.  Median  segment  not  steeply  sloped, 
compressed  towards  the  apex ;  man- 
dibles with  four  teeth,  all  nearly 

equal  in  size   

}}'■'.  Median  segment  somewhat  steeply 
sloped,  not  compressed  towards  the 
apex ;  mandibles  with  four  teeth  at 
apex,  the  inmost  one  smaller  than 
the  rest,  acute  

b.  Fore  wing  with  only  two  cubital  cells   . . 

B.  First  abdominal  segment  not  narrowed  into 

a  petiole,  pseudosessile. 

a.  Median  segment    always  transversely 

striate;  1st  abdominal  segment  fusi- 
form towards  the  base   

b.  Median  segment  never  transversely  striate ; 

1st  abdominal  segment  steep  or  roimdly 
truncate  at  base  


ISCHNOGASTEB,  p.  376. 

Belonogaster,  p.  381. 

POLYBIA,  p.  382. 


ICAHIA,  p.  385. 

Pabaicabia,  p.  392. 


POLISTES,  p.  393. 

Vespa,  p.  399. 


Genus  ISCHHOGASTER. 

Ischnogaster,  Guir.  Voy.  Coq.,  Zool.  ii,  pt.  2,  p.  269  (1838). 
Type,  /.  fulcjijpennis,  Guer. 

Bancje.  Neotropical,  Oriental,  and  Australian  regions.'' 
Head  flat ;  eyes  large,  very  prominent,  the  inner  orbits  on  their 
upper  half  with  a  sinus,  the  sinus  small  and  narrowed  in  the 
larger,  deeper  and  broader  in  the  smaller  species;  mandibles  long  and 

pointed,  simple,  without  teeth, 
nearly  always  covered  b}''  the  long 
acutely  pointed  clypeus ;  an- 
tennas subclavate,  the  apical  joint 
(  §  )  acutely  conical,  in  the  male 
forming  a  very  small  crotchet 
or  hook  applied  closely  against 
the  12th  joint,  their  insertion 
high  up  just  on  a  level,  or  a  little 
below  the  siuus  of  the  eyes. 
Thorax  very  sliort,  globular,  pro- 
thorax  truncate  anteriorly,  not 
Fig.  1 12.-Ischnogaster  micam,  ? .  1.    prolonged  into  a  collar  or  neck  ; 

scutellum,    postscutellum,  and 
median  segment  forming  a  rounded,  very  steep,  nearly  vertical  slope ; 


ISOHNOGASTIE. 


377 


let's  slender,  nearly  smooth  ;  the  intermediate  tibiffl  with  a  short 
anterior  and  very  long  posterior  slender  apical  spine  ;  tarsal  claws 
unidentate  in  the  middle  below.  Wings  long,  ample ;  radial  cell  ot 
the  fore  wing  long,  narrow,  acute  at  the  apex,  which  reaches  very 
nearly  to  the  apex  o£  the  wing ;  four  cubital  cells,  the  1st  and  2ud 
subequal  on  the  cubital  nervure,  the  2nd  nearly  forming  a  right- 
angled  parallelogram,  the  3rd  square  or  nearly  square,  shorter 
than  the  2nd,  the  4th  small,  irregular,  continued  to  the  apex  ot 
the  wing ;  the  2nd  cubital  cell  receives  both  recurrent  nervures 
close  to  its  base  and  its  apex  respectively.  Abdomen  remarkable 
for  its  long  thin  petiole,  which  is  nearly  cylindrical  with  the  apex 
suddenly  clavate ;  in  some  species  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment 
is  also  distinctly  petiolate,  in  all  it  is  attenuate,  smaller  than  the 
apex  of  the  fii-st  segment ;  3rd  and  following  abdominal  segments 
forming  a  more  or  less  acute  cone. 

The  species  of  this  genus  seem  to  me  to  form  the  links  between 
the  Solitary  and  Social  Wasps,  as  they  not  only  combine  the  struc- 
tural characters  of  the  two  families  of  the  Biploptera,  but  different 
sections  of  the  genus  have  different  nesting-habits— the  larger 
species  making,  as  a  rule,  solitary  nests  constructed  by  one  pair, 
cJ  and  $ ;  the  smaller  species  living  in  a  many-celled  social  nest 
in  tiers  constructed  by  the  community.  In  the  'Journal  of  the 
Bombay  Natural  History  Society '  for  1890,  vol.  v,  I  figured  the 
two  nests. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Colours  black,  with  yellow  or  red  markings. 
a.  Head  and  thorax   black,  with  yellow 

markings. 

a'.  Clypeus   yellow,  with  an  irregidar 

square  medial  space  black,  not  reach- 
ing its  apex;  median  segment  with 

a  reversed  T-shaped  yellow  mark  on 

each  side   I.  ?mcaws,  p.  378. 

b'.  Clypeus  yellow,  without  a  black  medial 

space ;  median  segment  with  a  yellow 

spot  on  each  side  at  apex   I.  fraterna,  p.  378. 

c'.  Clypeus  black,  with  a  small  central 

yeUow  spot;  median  segment  black 

immaculate    I.  scitula,  p.  379. 

h.  Head  and  thorax  black  with  red  mark- 
jugs    /.  rufomaculata,  p.  379. 

B.  Colours  rufescent  brown  or  feiTuginous 

with  yellow  markings. 

a.  Median  segment  very  finely  transversely 

striate   L  nigrifrons,  p.  379. 

b.  Median  segment  smooth. 

a'.  Median  segment  with  a  vertically- 
impressed  medial  line ;  of  compara- 
tively small  size.    Length  12  mm. .  .    I.  nitidipmnis,  p.  380. 

b'.  Median  segment  without  a  vertically- 
impressed  medial  line ;  of  compara- 
tively large  size.   Length  17-18  mm.    J.  ea.'iV/Jta,  p.  380. 


378- 


TESPID^. 


661.  Ischnogaster  micans.    (PI.  Ill,  fig.  1.) 

Scniss.  Ami.  Soc.  JEnt.  Fr.  1852,  p.  24 :  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  8 : 
S})iif.h,  Cat.  V,  p.  92.  ^  f  ^ 

Ischuogaster  hauxwellii,  £inoh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  viii  (18931 
p.  386,  pi.  i,  fig.  4.  ^  ' 

_  ? .  Head,  pro-  and  mesonotum  finely  and  closely  punctured, 
with  a  slightly  granular  appearance;  scutellum,  postscutellum, 
median  segment,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining ;  eyes  distinctly 
divergent  towards  the  vertex,  front  with  a  slight  medial  longi- 
tudinal carina ;  median  segment  convex,  posteriorly  with  rather 
a  steep  slope.  Black;  the  apical  half  of  the  clypeus,  a  broad 
stripe  on  each  side  on  the  upper  half  continued  on  the  inner 
margin  of  the  eyes  up  to  the  base  of  the  antennaa,  a  spot  in  the 
emargination  of  the  eyes,  a  spot  above  each  antenna,  another  on 
each  side  of  the  vertex,  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum 
broadly  interrupted  in  the  middle,  an  oval  spot  beneath  the  base 
of  the  wings,  and  a  broad  curved  one  beneath  that,  the  inner 
half  of  the  tegulas,  the  lateral  angles  of  the  scutellum,  a  posteriorly 
emarginate  line  on  the  postscutellum,  a  reversed  broad  T-shaped 
mark  on  each  side  of  the  median  segment,  a  spot  on  each  side 
at  the  apex  of  the  petiole  of  the  abdomen,  a  large  oval  lateral 
spot  near  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment,  a  broad  stripe  at  the  base 
of  the  3rd,  a  lai'ge  lateral  spot  transversely  along  the  bases  of  the 
3rd  and  4th  segments,  an  elongate  spot  on  each  side  in  the  middle 
of  the  2nd  ventral  segment,  and  a  round  one  on  each  side  in 
the  middle  of  the  3rd  segment,  yellow ;  the  markings  at  the  bases 
of  segments  2-4  generally  hidden ;  front  legs  yellow  variegated 
with  black,  intermediate  and  posterior  legs  black,  yellow  on  the 
coxse  posteriorly  and  reddish  fulvous  at  the  knees  ;  wings  hyaline, 
fuscescent  towards  the  apex  and  beautifully  iridescent. 

c?  similar,  the  wings  slightly  darker,  and  the  yellow  markings 
broader  and  more  conspicuous. 

ITab.  Eangit  valley,  1000  ft.,  Sikhim  ;  Pegu  Hills,  Burma ;  Ten- 
asserim  ;  Java  ;  Borneo.    $  d  •  Length  16-18  ;  exja.  30-33  mm. 

662.  Ischnogaster  fraterna,  n.  sp, 

$  d" .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  T.  micans,  Sauss.  Differs 
in  having  the  head  and  thorax  more  coarsely  punctured,  the  clypeus 
not  so  long ;  it  differs  also  constantly  in  the  markings.  Black ; 
the  clypeus  except  a  narrow  margin  anteriorly  and  laterally,  two 
oblique  spots  on  the  face  below  the  antennae,  the  posterior  margin 
of  the  pronotum,  a  round  spot  under  the  base  of  the  wing,  a 
lunate  spot  under  that,  the  lateral  angles  of  the  scutellum,  a  line 
on  the  postscutellum,  a  spot  on  each  side  at  the  apex  of  the 
median  segment,  the  base  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment,  and  a 
transverse  band  near  the  base  of  the  3rd,  with  a  triangular  sub- 
marginal  spot  on  each  side  on  its  ventral  surface,  bright  yellow ; 
legs  black  or  rufo-fuscous,  the  outside  of  the  femora  and  the  tibiae 
above  of  the  anterior  legs  yellow ;  wings  f usco-hyaline,  darker 
than  in  /.  micans,  and  iridescent. 

Eab,  Tenasserim.     $  d .  Length  17-18;  eocp.  30-32  mm. 


ISCHKOOASTEE. 


379 


663.  Ischnogaster  scitula,  n.  sp. 

Q  Head  tborax,  and  abdomen  with  a  fine,  very  short,  soft  pu- 
bescence, noticeable  on  the  vertex  and  front  of  the  head,  the  sides 
of  the  median  segment,  and  on  the  2nd  and  following  segments  of 
the  abdomen;  head,  pronotum,  mesonotum,  scutellum  and  post- 
scutellum  coarsely  and  closely  punctured,  remainder  of  the  body 
smooth;  median  segment  convex  posteriorly,  with  a  distinct 
medially-impressed  line.  Black,  shining,  the  pubescence  silvery, 
a  small  spot  on  the  clypeus,  a  line  on  the  posterior  margin  oi  the 
pronotum  in  the  middle,  a  small  spot  on  the  mesosternum,  ancl  the 
base  of  the  3rd  abdominal  segment  above  (generally  hidden) 
yellow ;  the  joints  of  the  legs  and  the  petiole  of  the  abdomen  dark 
rufo-fu'scous  ;  wings  fusco-hyalme  and  iridescent. 

Hah.  Eangit  Yalley,  Sikhim ;   Margherita,  Assam  {Doherty). 
$  .  Lencjth  16-17 ;  exp.  30-33  mm. 

664.  Ischnogaster  rufomaculata,  Bingh.  Jour.  Bomh.N.  H.  Soc.  viii, 

1893,  p.  385,  ? . 

0  c?  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  J.  micans  and  Lfratema 
fante)  -  'differs  in  the  clypeus  being  longer  and  much  narrower  and 
having  a  medial  vertical  carina  at  apex;  the  median  segment  is 
broader  less  steep,  and  furnished  with  a  small  tooth  on  each  side 
of  the  apex.  The  markings  on  the  head  and  thorax  are  similar 
to  those  on  the  head  and  thorax  of  /.  micam,  but  are  red  not 
yellow  in  all  the  specimens  I  have  seen ;  while  the  markings  on 
the  abdomen  are  precisely  similar  to  those  of  i.  micmis  and  like 
them  bright  yellow. 

Hah.  Tenasserim.     2  c?  •  Length  19 ;  exp.  32  mm. 

665.  Ischnogaster  nigrifrons,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  113,  ? . 
9    Head,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  and  scutellum  closely  punctured 

and  finely  granular  ;  postscutellura  and  abdomen  smooth,  shinmg ; 
median  segment  with  a  chstinct  but  narrow  medial  vertical  furrow, 
the  sides  posteriorly  on  each  side  of  the  furrow  very  finely  oblique  y 
striate  ;  clypeus  pentagonal,  the  apex  produced  and  narrowed  into 
a  tooth.  Dark  ferruginous  brown,  the  front  and  clypeus  with 
rich  golden  pile ;  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  the  scape  of  the 
antennse  in  front,  the  posterior  margin  ot  the  pronotum,  an 

oblique  spot  on  each  side  ot  the 
mesonotum  anteriorly,  a  large  square 
spot  at  its  apex  (absent  in  the  type 
specimen),  a  round  spot  at  each 
lateral  angle  of  the  scutellum,  the 
postscutellum,  a  largish  spot  on  each 
side  at  the  apex  of  the  median  seg- 
j  ment,  two  spots  one  above  the  other 

Yig.U3.-Ischnogasterniffri.     on  the  mesopleuraj,  another  at  the 
frons,2-i-  base  of  the  metapleurffi,  two  contiguous 

lines  at  the  base  of  the  node  of  the 
petiole  beneath,  the  lateral  margins  of  the  2nd  abdominal  seg- 


380 


TESPIDjE. 


ment,  two  oblique  lines  towards  its  apex  beneath,  a  transverse 
band  broadly  interrupted  in  the  middle  at  the  base  of  the  3rd 
segment,  a  square  spot  on  each  side  of  the  3rd  and  4tb  ventral 
segments,  and  the  whole  of  the  6th  ventral  segment  yellow  ;  legs 
ferruginous  brown  variegated  with  yellow ;  wings  hyaline,  with  a 
slightly  brownish  tinge  and  beautifully  iridescent. 

Var.  The  clypeus  with  a  large  cordate  yellow  spot,  the  anterior 
oblique  and  apical  square  spots  on  the  mesonotum  wantmg ;  the 
intermediate  and  posterior  coxte  yellow  posteriorly. 

Hub.  Pegu  Hills,  Burma;  Tenasserim ;   Borneo.     $  or  g  ? 
Length  11-12  ;  e.^jj.  19-22  mm.    I  have  seen  no  d'  of  this  species. 
^  Common  all  over  Tenasserim,  makes  a  social  nest  (Jour.  Bomb. 
jS'at.  Hist.  Soc.  1890,  pi.  to  paper  on  Hymenoptera,  pp.  233-252). 

666.  Ischnogaster  nitidipennis,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  10, 

pi.  xxxiv,  fig,  4,  c? . 

5 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  thinly  pubescent ;  clypeus 
nearly  pentagonal,  the  apex  lengthened  and  ending  in  a  tooth  ; 
mesonotum  nearly  circular ;  scutellum  and  postscutellum  prominent, 
raised ;  median  segment  convex  posteriorly,  nearly  vertical,  with 
a  well-mai'ked  but  fine  and  narrow  medial  longitudinal  groove ; 
petiole  of  the  abdomen  with  the  apex  swollen,  ellipsoidal,  not 
gradually  thickened;  base  of  2nd  segment  shortly  petiolate. 
Perruginous  brown ;  the  clypeus,  a  spot  under  the  antennse,  the 
scape  in  front,  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  the  anterior 
lateral  angles  of  the  scutellum,  the  postscutellum,  a  large  spot  on 
each  side  of  the  apex  of  the  median  segment,  a  spot  at  the  base 
of  the  mesopleurffi,  another  at  the  base  of  the  metapleurse,  a 
curved  spot  on  the  mesosternum,  irregular  marks  on  the  sides  of 
the  median  segment,  two  spots,  one  slightly  above  and  in  front 
of  the  other,  on  each  side  at  base  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment, 
two  more  elongate  ones  on  its  ventral  side,  a  transverse  band 
interrupted  in  the  middle  at  the  bases  of  the  3rd,  4th,  and  5th 
segments,  and  the  whole  of  the  apical  segment  beneath,  pale 
yellow ;  legs  pale  ferruginous  variegated  with  yellow ;  wings 
clear  hyaline,  remarkably  ii-idescent. 

Var.  A  spot  on  the  middle  of  the  clypeus  ferruginous  brown, 
a  spot  on  each  side  of  the  vertex  of  the  head  and  a  line  behind 
the  eyes  yellowish ;  antennae  fulvous  at  their  apex. 

Sab.  Cayenne??;  Tenasserim.     J.  Length  12-,  exy.  20  mm. 

667.  Ischnogaster  eximia,  Binffh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  v,  1890, 

p.  244,  pi.  — ,  fig.  7,  nest. 

(S .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  thinly  pubescent,  the  head, 
pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  postscutellum,  very  minutely 
punctured ;  clypeus  very  long,  anteriorly  carinate  down  the 
middle ;  median  segment  nearly  vertical,  smooth.  Dai-k  rufo- 
ferrugiuous ;  the  mandibles,  clypeus,  face  as  high  as  the  base  of 
the  antennae,  the  scape  of  the  latter,  a  broad  stripe  on  the  posterior 


ISCHTOGASTEE. — BBLONOGASTBR. 


381 


margin  of  the  pronotiim,  a  spot  beneath  the  base  of  each  M'ing,  a 
lunate  spot  below  that,  the  ten;ul£e,  the  lateral  angles  of  the 
seutellum,  the  postscutellum,  a  broad  stripe  on  each  side  of  the 
median  segment,  the  legs,  the  petiole  of  the  abdomen,  the  base 
of  the  2nd,  a  medially  interrupted  band  at  the  bases  of  the  3rd 
and  4th,  and  the  whole  of  the  5th  and  following  segments  above 
testaceous  j'ellow ;  beneath,  the  2nd  ventral  segment  has  an  elon- 
gate yellow  spot  on  each  side  close  to  the  base,  and  the  3rd  ventral 
segment  a  large  irregular  lateral  spot:  the  yellow  markings  on  the 
abdomen  are  densely  covered  with  golden  pile ;  wings  flaTO-hyaline, 
darker  along  the  costal  margin  of  the  fore  wing. 

2  similar,  but  darker,  the  yellow  markings  narrower. 

ffctb.  Ceylon  (Green).     $  j  •  Length  17-18  ;  exp.  31-33  mm. 


Genus  BELONOGASTER. 

Vespa,part.,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  279  (1793). 
Zethus,  part.,  Fabr.  Si/st.  Piez.  p.  282  (1804). 

Eliaphipaster,  Satiss.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  12  (1853)  {necLap.  Himipt. 
1833). 

Belonogaster,  Sauss.  Mon.  Ouep.  Soc,  App.  p.  235  (1858). 

Type,  B.  juncea,  Eabr. 
Range.  Africa  and  India. 

Head  flat ;  eyes  lengthened,  each  with  a  sinus  on  its  inner  margin 
above  the  middle,  below  their  margin  not  reaching  the  base  of  the 
mandibles ;  ocelli  in  a  long  triangle  on  the  vertex,  the  posterior 
ocelli  close  together  ;  antennae  stout,  filiform  in  the  male,  the  apical 
three  joints  suddenly  attenuate  and  convolute ;  clypeus  wedge- 
shaped,  the  apex  pointed ; 
mandibles  short,  not  forming 
a  lengthened    beak  when 
closed,  obliquely  truncate  at 
apex  and  armed  with  four 
teeth.    Thorax  compressed, 
rather  deeper  than  long,  more 
narrowed  posteriorly  than 
anteriorly ;  median  segment 
sloping,  without  a  medial 
furrow  ;  legs  very  long,  mo- 
derately stout;  tarsi  longer 
than  the  tibisB,  the  1st  joint 
equal  in  length  to  the  apical 
four,  intermediate  tibiae  with 
two  spines  at  apex,  the  claws 
simple.  Wings— fore  wing  with  the  radial  cell  elongate,  very  nearly 
attaining  the  apex  of  the  wing;  three  cubital  cells,  the  cubital 
nervure  only  faintly  continued  to  the  apex  of  the  wing  ;  the  1st 
cubital  ceil  long,  much  longer  than  the  2nd  and  3rd  united,  the 
2nd  the  smallest,  receiving  both  recurrent  nervures  and  strongly 
constricted  towards  the  radial  cell,  the  3rd  forming  a  slightly 


Fig.  114. — Belonogaster  indica,  J. 


382-^ 


TESPID^. 


elongate  parallelogram  ;  abdomen — basal  segment  lengthened  into 
a  petiole,  with  a  strong  tooth  on  each  side  in  the  middle  and 
slightly  thickening  and  depressed  towards  the  apex  ;  2nd  segment 
with  the  base  petiolate,  posteriorly  campanulate,  3rd  and  following 
segments  decreasing  somewhat  regularly  in  breadth  and  length. 

668.  Belonogaster  indica. 

Raphigaster  indicus,  Sauss.  Mon.  Ouep.  Soc.  p.  17,  5  . 
Belonogaster  indicus,  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  94. 

?  c?  •  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  more  or  less  pruinose,  M'ith  a 
thin  short  silky  pile;  the  head  and  thorax  covered  with  evenly 
regular,  sparse,  and  somewhat  shallow  punctures ;  eyes  slightly 
divergent  towards  the  vertex ;  scutellnm  and  postscutellum  pro- 
minent, the  former  square,  the  latter  with  a  broad  triangular 
hollow  below  it.  Dark  ferruginous  brown,  the  2nd  abdominal 
segment  with  a  yellow  medially  interrupted  band  on  the  margin 
of  the  2nd  segment  continued  entire  beneath,  3rd  and  4th  segments 
blackish  with  their  margins  ferruginous  brown,  apical  segments 
ferruginous  brown  ;  wings  brownish  hyaline  with  iridescent  efful- 
gence. 

Var.  Entirely  ferruginous  brown,  no  yellow  border  to  the  2nd 
abdominal  segment. 

Hab.  India  (>S'mii!/j);  Eombay  ((SawssMre);  Madras.  $  ^ .  Length 
18-24 ;  exjp.  38-49  mm. 

Genus  POLYBIA. 

Polybia,  Lepel.  Hym.  i,  p.  533  (1836). 

Rhopalidia,  pt.,  Lepel.  t.  c.  p.  638. 

Myrapetra,  pt.,  White,  A.  M.  N.  H.  vii,  p.  320  (1841). 

Type,  P.  indica,  Sauss.* 

Lianc/e.  North  and  South  America,  Africa,  and  the  Oriental 
region. 

Head  flat ;  eyes  elongate,  the  sinus  on  the  inner  orbits  wide,  the 

orbits  below  not  reaching  the  base 
of  the  mandibles  ;  antenupe  long, 
filiform,  inserted  high  up  on  the 
front ;  clypeus  pentagonal,  the 
apex  ending  in  a  tooth ;  man- 
dibles with  their  apex  nearly 
square ;  four  large  terminal  teeth 
slightly  slanting ;  ocelli  complete, 
round,  set  in  a  triangle  on  the 
vertex.  Thorax  variable,  in  all 
the  Indian  species — compressed, 
mg.U5.— Polybia  indica,  2-   h      especially  the  median  segment, 

which  is  generally  more  sloping 
and  less  vertical  than  in  any  species  of  Lcaria,  rounded  posteriorly 
and  furrowed  down  the  middle  ;  legs  long,  slender,  tlie  intermediate 

*  This  is  the  type  of  the  species  found  in  the  Old  World,  subgenus  Para- 
polyhia,  Sauss. 


POLTBIA. 


383 


tibiffi  with  two  spines  at  apex,  the  claws  simple.  Wings  long  ;  fore 
wino-  mth  the  radial  cell  both  broad  and  long,  the  apex  sharply 
acute  and  reaching  very  nearly  to  the  apex  of  the  wing;  the 
cubital  nervure  continued  to  the  margin  of  the  wing,  hence  four 
cubital  cells — the  1st  very  large,  about  equal  to  the  3rd  a,nd  4th 
united ;  the  2nd  very  small,  constricted  towards  the  radial  cell, 
receiving  both  recm-rent  nervures  ;  the  3rd  cubital  cell  a  little 
larger  than  the  2nd  and  a  little  wider  at  apex  than  at  base  ;  the 
4th  a  httle  smaller  than  the  1st.  Abdomen  petiolate,  the  petiole 
cylindrical  at  base,  swollen  and  spherical  at  apex  above;  2nd 
seoment  generally  shortly  petiolate  at  base,  increasing  in  width  to 
the  apex  ;  remaining  segments  gradually  smaller,  closing  into  the 
2nd  telescopically. 

It  is  difficult  to  distinguish  the  insects  belonging  to  this  genus 
from  those  coming  under  the  genus  Icaria.  So  far,  however,  as 
the  Indian  species  are  concerned,  they  are  slighter,  more  slenderly 
built  than  any  of  the  Icarice. 


Key  to  the  Species. 

a.  Mesonotum  with  two  distinct  parallel  longi- 

tudinal stripes. 
a'.  Of  comparatively  large  size.     §  ,  length 

11-12  mm   -P.  orientalis,  p.  383. 

6'.  Of  comparatively  small  size.  length 

7  mm   stigma,  p.  384. 

b.  Mesonotum  without   marks,  or  markings 

indistinct. 

a'.  2nd  and  3rd  abdominal  segments  with 

large  lateral  yellow  spots ;  remaining 

seo-inents  immaculate   P.  indica,  p.  384. 

b'.  2nd  to  5th  abdominal  segments  with 

transverse  narrow  yeUow  bands  above. .    P.  sumatrensis,  p.  385. 

669.  Polybia  orientalis,  Sauss.  Mon.  Chuep.  Soc.  p.  208,  $ ,  pi.  xxvi, 
lig.  2  ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  133. 

.  Closely  allied  to  P.  indica,  and  resembling  it  greatly,  but 
lighter  in  colour  and  with  the  yeUow  markings 
brighter  and  more  profuse ;  P.  orientalis  is 
also  constantly  smaller.  Light  rufescent 
brown ;  the  mandibles,  the  clypeus  except  a 
reddish-brown  cloud  in  the  middle,  the  space 
between  the  base  of  the  antennae,  the  sinus  of 
the  eyes  and  the  inner  and  outer  orbits  broadly, 
a  spot  in  front  of  the  anterior  ocellus,  the 
scape  and  flagellum  of  the  antennae  in  front, 
the  apical  joints  of  the  latter  above,  the  pro- 
thorax  except  for  a  transverse  streak  in  front 
Fig.  \\&.~Polybia  another  on  each  side,  two  medial  longi- 

orientalis,  2 .   J.      tudinal  parallel  lines  on  the  mesonotum,  the 
scutellum,  postscutellum,  sides  of  the  thorax, 
and  median  segment  except  in  the  sutures,  two  broad  vertical 


384 


TBSPIDiB. 


parallel  streaks  on  the  latter  posteriorly,  the  legs  except  the  base  of 
the  tibifB  above  and  the  tarsi,  a  streak  on  each  side  of  the  petiole 
at  base,  and  large  lateral  maculse  at  the  bases  of  the  remaining 
abdominal  segments,  yellow  ;  the  spots  on  the  2nd  segment  with 
the  middle  reddish  brown ;  wings  hyaline,  very  slightly  shaded 
with  yellow  on  the  costal  margin  of  the  fore  wing. 

2  similar,  very  much  larger  ;  the  abdomen  very  dark  brown  or 
black,  with  large  lateral  maculfe  on  the  2nd  segment  only ;  the 
median  segment  on  the  sides  and  posteriorly  finely  transversely 
striate. 

Hab.  Pegu  Hills,  Burma  ;  Tenasserim ;  China.  $  .  Length  11- 
12  ;  exp.  26-28  mm.     2  •  Length  20  ;  exp.  40  mm. 

670.  Polybia  stigma,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soo.  1858,  p.  114,  cJ. 
Polybia  decorata,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  114,  $ . 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  punctured  and  slightly  pubes- 
cent, the  punctures  fine,  shallow,  and  scattered ;  margin  of  the 
pronotum  slightly  recurved  ;  scutellum  and  postscutellum  promi- 
nent and  raised ;  median  segment  moderately  steeply  sloped,  the 
medial  furrow  narrow ;  petiole  of  abdomen  short,  subapically 
spherical  above.  Dark  brown  or  black ;  the  mandibles,  clypeus, 
sinus  of  the  eyes  and  the  inner  orbits,  a  spot  on  the  front  below 
the  anterior  ocellus,  the  cheeks,  a  transverse  stripe  on  the  vertex, 
the  scape  of  the  antennae  in  front,  the  pronotum  except  the 
posterior  lateral  angles,  two  stripes  on  the  mesonotum,  the  tegulse 
and  a  spot  on  their  inner  side,  the  scutellum,  postscutellum,  and 
median  segment,  except  a  medial  longitudinal  line  on  the  scutellum 
and  the  median  segment,  the  sides  of  the  thorax,  except  the  sutiu-es 
broadly,  a  line  on  each  side  of  the  petiole  broadening  towards  but 
not  reaching  the  apex,  a  large  spot  on  each  side  of  the  base  of  the 
2nd  abdominal  segment,  the  apical  margins  broadly  of  segments 
2-5,  and  the  whole  of  the  6th  segment,  yellow ;  beneath,  the 
petiole  and  aU  the  ventral  segments  entirely  yellow ;  legs  yellow 
variegated  with  brown ;  wings  hyaline,  the  costal  margin  of  the 
fore  wing  narrowly  and  the  radial  cell  light  fuscous. 

2  .  Differ  only  in  being  larger  and  in  having  the  yellow  marks 
narrower. 

ffab.  Pegu  Hills,  Eangoon,  Burma;  throughout  Tenasserim; 
Malacca  ;  Sumatra  ;  Borneo.  ^  .  Length  7 ;  exp.  17  mm.  2  • 
Length  10;  exp.  20  mm.     6  .  Length  9  ;  exp,  18  mm. 

671.  Polybia  indica,  Sauss.  Mon.  GuSp.  Soc.  p.  207,2)  pl-  xxvi,  fig.  3; 

Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  133. 
2  or  5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  very  minutely  and  closely 
aciculate,  making  the  surface  dull  and  opaque  looking ;  median 
segment  with  a  steep  slope  posteriorly,  medial  furrow  on  it  deep 
and  opening  above  into  a  short  transverse  furrow  below  the  post- 
scutellum, the  medial  furrow  itself  obscurely  ti-ansversely  striate  ; 
the  sides  of  the  median  segment  smooth,  compressed  posteriorly, 


POLTBIA. — lOARIA. 


385 


rouuded  and  bulging  ;  petiole  of  abdomen  subapicallj  sphei-ical 
above  ;  the  base  of  the  2ud  segment  shortly  petiolate,  the  remaining 
segments  depressed ;  the  petiole  not  quite  so  long  as  the  rest  of 
the  abdomen.  Eufescent  brown;  the  mandibles,  the  clypeus, 
except  a  brown  vertical  streak,  a  line  on  the  scape  of  the  antenns 
in  front,  the  anterior  and  posterior  margins  narrowly  of  the 
pronotum,  the  postscutellum,  a  spot  on  the  tegulie,  two  medial 
broad  lines  on  the  median  segment,  the  sides  of  the  latter,  a  spot 
at  the  base  and  an  irregular  mark  on  the  lower  half  of  the  meso- 
pleurffl,  the  coxse  and  the  femora  beneath,  the  apical  half  of  the 
tibiffi,  and  the  apical  joint  of  the  tarsi  with  the  claws,  a  line  on 
each  side  of  the  petiole  at  base,  and  a  large  spot  on  each  side  of 
the  2ud  and  3rd  abdominal  segments,  yellow ;  the  spots  on  the 
2nd  segment  about  the  middle,  those  on  the  3rd  segment  at  the 
base  and  very  often  hidden  by  the  margin  of  the  2nd  segment ; 
wings  hyaline,  iridescent,  brownish  along  the  costal  margin  of  the 
fore  wing. 

Hah.  Burma ;  Tenasserim ;  China.  ^  .  Length  13-14  :  exp. 
30-32  mm. 

672.  Polybia  sumatrensis,  Sanss.  Rev.  et  Mag.  Zool.  1855,  p.  374. 

5 .  Very  slender ;  the  median  segment  with  a  less  steep  slope 
than  in  the  other  Oriental  species ;  the  medial  groove  broad  and 
more  shallow,  finely  transversely  sti-iate  ;  antennaB  and  legs  pro- 
portionately longer.  Very  dark  brown  or  black ;  the  mandibles, 
clypeus,  the  inner  orbits  of  the  eyes  and  the  sinus,  the  lower  half 
of  the  cheeks,  anterior  and  posterior  margins  of  the  prothorax 
narrowly,  the  tegulsB,  the  anterior  margins  of  the  scutellum  and 
postscutellum,  two  broad  parallel  stripes  on  the  median  segment, 
an  irregular  mark  on  the  mesopleurse,  the  metapleurae,  a  sti-eak  on 
each  side  of  the  median  segment,  and  the  apical  margins  above  of 
the  petiole  and  following  three  segments  of  the  abdomen,  yellow  ; 
legs  yellow,  the  intermediate  and  posterior  pair  variegated  with 
brown  above  and  with  the  apical  four  joints  of  the  tarsi  entirely 
brown ;  wings  hyaline,  the  costal  margin  of  the  fore  wing  lightly 
yellow. 

Hab.  Pegu  Hills,  Burma ;  Tenasserim  ;  Sumatra.  ^  .  Length 
11-12 ;  exp.  30  mm. 

Genus  ICARIA. 

Vespa,  pt.,  Fabr.  Ent.  Stjst.  ii,  p.  253  (1793). 
Pohstes,  pt.,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  269  (1804). 
Epipona,  Lepel.  (nee  Latr.)  Hym.  i,  p.  540  (1836). 
Rhopalidia,  pt.,  Gvcr.  Voy.  Coq.,  Zool.  ii,  pt.  2,  p.  266  (1838'). 
Anthreneida,  pt.,  White,  A.  M.  N.  R.  vii,  p.  321  (184  .). 
Ic.aria,  Sauss.  Mon.  Quep.  Soc.  p.  22  (1853). 

Type,  I.  maculiventris  (Gnev.). 
Itange.  Africa,  Asia,  and  Australia. 
VOL.  I,  2  0 


386 


TESPIDiE, 


Fig.  117. 

lowria  guttatipennis,  ^ .  |. 


Head  flat,  the  clypeus  pentagonal,  the  apex  obtuse ;  eyes  pro- 
portionately small,  below  not  reaching 
the  base  of  the  mandibles  ;  the  inner 
orbits  with  a  wide  eraarglnation  or 
sinus ;  antennaj  short,  the  flagellum 
slightly  thickened  beyond  the  basal 
portion  of  the  second  joint ;  ocelli 
small,  complete,  round,  placed  in  a 
triangle  on  the  vertex.  Thorax  deep  ; 
the  prothorax  square  in  front;  the 
scutellum  and  postscutellum  rather 
prominent ;    the   median  segment 
depressed  almost  vertically  beneath 
the  postscutellum  :  legs  stout,  long  ;  the  tibisB  smooth  ;  the  inter- 
mediate pair  with  two  spines  at  apex  :  the  claws  simple.  Wings 
moderately  long,  fore  wing  with  the  radial  cell  very  broadly  sub- 
triangular  ;  three  complete  cubital  cells,  the  1st  large,  larger  than 
the  2nd  and  3rd  united,  the  2nd  very  small,  the  3rd  often  broader 
at  apex  than  at  base  ;  the  2Dd  cubital  cell  receives  both  recurrent 
nervures.    Abdomen  :  the  1st  segment  narrowed  into  a  petiole, 
linear  at  base,  curved,  and  then  swollen  at  apex  ;  the  2nd  segment 
very  large,  bell-shaped,  the  3rd  and  following  segments  folding 
into  it  telescope  fashion.     In  one  species  the  2nd  abdominal 
segment  has  its  apical  margin  studded  with  spines. 

The  wasps  belonging  to  this  genus  make,  as  a  rule,  small  nests 
of  from  5  or  6  to  40  cells,  attached  by  a  strong  stout  pedicel  to 
twigs,  the  underside  of  leaves,  rocks,  walls  of  houses ;  and  once 
I  found  a  nest  commenced  on  the  corner  of  a  pane  of  glass  in 
a  window ;  unfortmiately,  for  some  reason  or  other,  the  wasp 
(/.  variegata)  deserted  this  after  completing  only  two  cells. 


Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Reddish  or  fen-uginous  brown,  with  yellow 
markings. 

a.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  no  trans- 
verse yellow  band  on  its  apical  ma'-gin  .    I.  guttatipennis,  p.  387. 
h.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  its  apical 

half  yellow   I.ferruginea,^.Z%7. 

c.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  a  naiTow 
yellow  band  on  its  apical  margin  above. 
a'.  Base  of  2nd  abdominal  segment  without 

lateral  yellow  spots     1-  margmata,  p.  388. 

b'.  A  yellow  spot  on  each  side  at  base  of 
2nd  abdominal  segment.  - 
a^.  Petiole  of   abdomen  swollen  and 

;  globular  above  near  apex    L  variegata,  p.  388. 

J».  iPetiole  of  abdomen  not  swollen  and 

globular  above  near  apex    1-  ariifex,  p.  389. 

B.  Black,  with  red  or  yellow  markings. 
a.  Black,  with  petiole  of  abdomen  red. 


ICAEIA. 


387 


a'.  Second  abdominal    sef^ment  ciliated 

with  spines  alonof  its  apical  margin  .  .    /.  sumatrce,  p.  -ioJ. 
6'.  Second  abdominal    segment    not  so 

ciliated. 

a".  WinM  hyaline,  fore  win»  wath  a 

fuscous  doud  in  radial  cell    I.  speciosa,  p.  390. 

b'-.  Wings  fuscous  for  half  their  length 

from  base,  flavo-hyaline  on  apical 

  I.  ungulata,  p.  391. 

b.  Black,  with  petiole  of  abdomen  black. 
a'.  Second  abdominal    segmeut_  with  a 
yellow  transyei-se  band  on  its  apical 

margin   I-  arisf.ocratica,  p.  391. 

b'.  Second  abdominal  segment  without  any 
vellow  band. 
a\  Third  to  fifth  abdominal  segments 

vellow   aberrans,  p.  391. 

J^  Third  to  fifth  abdominal  segments 

Ijlfiplj   /.  scitula,  p.  392. 

C.  Entirely  black,  without  markings  of  any 

other  colom-   I-  formosa,  p.  392. 

673.  Icaria  guttatipennis.    (PI.  Ill,  fig-  2.) 

Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  40,  ?  or  ?  ,  pi.  v,  fig.  8  ;  Smith,  Cat. 
T,  p.  97. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  punctured  and  slightly 
pul-escent ;  the  vertex,  the  pro-  and  mesonotum  granular,  the 
abdomen  with  a  smooth  silky  look ;  clypeus  pentagonal  anteriorly, 
with  a  fringe  of  fine,  rather  short  hairs  ;  median  segment  roundly 
sloping,  with  a  carina  on  each  side  leading  from  the  angle  of  the 
postscutellum,  the  two  converging  shghtly  towards  the  apex  of  the 
segment,  the  space  between  the  carinas  slightly  concave,  medially 
furrowed  down  its  lower  half.  Eeddish  brown ;  a  line  at  the  base 
of  the  mandibles  and  the  anterior  margin  of  the  clypeus  narrowly 
bright  yellow ;  the  metatarsi  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  legs 
more  or  less  yellowish  ;  wings  flavo-hyaline,  with  a  broad  subapical 
fuscous  cloud  on  the  fore  wing ;  the  whole  insect  covered  with  a 
thin  silvery  pile,  only  visible  in  certain  lights. 

Var.  The  abdomen  very  dark,  nearly  black,  the  apical  margin 
of  the  petiole  narrowly,  and  the  basal  two  or  three  joints  of  the 
intermediate  and  posterior  tarsi  yellow. 

5  similar,  smaller. 

Hah.  Eangoon,  Pegu  Hills,  Burma ;  Tenasserim :  Senegal ; 
Port  Natal ;  the  Gambia.  $ .  Length  18-19  ;  30-33  mm. 
^  .  LengtJi  12-13  ;  exji.  22  mm. 

674.  Icaria  ferniginea. 

Vespa  ferrugiuea,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  280. 
Polistes  ferruginea,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  277. 

Icaria  ferruginea,  Sauss.  Mon.   Guep.  Soc.  p.  38,  pi.  v,  fig.  6; 
Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  97. 

2 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  punctured  and  thinly  finely 

2c2 


388'^ 


TESPIDiB. 


pubescent ;  pronotum  with  the  anterior  margin  recurved  and 
X'aised ;  median  segment  steeply  sloped,  furrowed  narrowly  down 
the  middle,  with  a  fine  carina  on  each  side 
running  from  the  lateral  angle  of  the  post- 
scutellum,  the  two  converging  slightly  towards 
the  apex  of  the  segment ;  the  Ist  abdominal 
segment  petiolate,  the  petiole  at  apex  spherical. 
Rufescent  brown,  the  pubescence  white ;  the 
apical  margin  of  the  clypeus,  the  postscutellum, 
a  spot  on  each  side  at  the  apex  of  the  median 
segment,  a  line  (sometimes  absent)  on  the  pos- 
F\g.  MB.—Icaria     terior  metatarsus  above,  a  narrow  transverse 
ferruginea,  $ .   5.     band  on  the  apex  of  the  petiole,  and  the  posterior 
half  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  above  yellow, 
this  last  marking  concave  anteriorly  and  with  a  shading  of  black  on 
the  segment  in  front  of  it;  wings  flavo- hyaline,  with  a  brownish 
tint  and  a  subapical  fuscous  cloud  on  the  fore  wing. 

^  similar,  the  posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum  sometimes 
narrowly  yellow. 

Hah.  Barrackpore ;  Eangit  Valley,  Sikhim ;  Allahabad ;  Bom- 
bay ;  Poona  ;  Madras  ;  Ceylon  ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim.  $  .  Lemjth 
14-15  ;  eccp.  24-^5  mm.   "$5 .  Lencjtli  11-13 ;  exp.  22-23  mm. 

675.  Icaria  marginata. 

Epipoua  marginata,  Lepel.  Hym.  i,  p.  541. 

Icana  marginata,  Saiiss.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  237,  ^  ;  Smith,  Cat. 
V,  p.  97. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  punctured  and  slightly 
pubescent,  the  vertex  of  the  head,  the  pro-  and  mesonotum  with  a 
slight  granular  appearance ;  the  abdomen  smooth,  silky ;  median 
segment  with  two  convergent  carinas  posteriorly,  the  space  between 
them  deeply  furrowed  down  the  middle  and  obscurely  transversely 
striate.  Light  ferruginous  brown  all  over,  the  2nd  abdominal 
segment  darker  and  more  obscure  in  the  middle  above,  with  a 
transverse  band  of  yellow  on  the  apical  margin ;  all  individuals 
have  more  or  less  the  scutellum,  posts cutellum,  and  two  marks 
close  to  the  apex  of  the  median  segment  yellow ;  in  some  these 
yellow  markings  are  more  decided  than  in  others wings  flavo- 
hyaline,  with  a  subapical  fuscous  cloud  on  the  fore  wing. 

g  similar,  much  smaller,  usually  without  the  yellow  apical 
hand  on  the  2nd  abdominal  segment,  and  always  wanting  the 
carinsB  on  the  median  segment. 

Hah.  Bangalore;  Madras;  Ceylon  (Green).  ?.  Length  lo ; 
exp.  26  mm.     $  .  Length  9-10  ;  exp.  18  mm. 

676.  Icaria  variegata.  . 

Epipona  variegata,  Smith,  A.  M.  N.  H.  (2)  ix  (1852)  p.  48. 
Icana  variegata,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  23(  ;  Smith,  Cat.  v, 
p.  97. 

Icaria  picta,  Snuss.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  238. 
Icaria  pendula,  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  98,  $ . 


ICARIA. 


389 


2  g  .  Yery  closely  allied  to  I.  marffinnla,  of  which  the  present 
may  be  an  extreme  variety  ;  it  differs  only  in  colour  as  iollows  : 
ferrugiuoiis  brown,  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  tlie  clypeus,  a  spot 
between  the  base  of  the  auteniuti,  the  inner  orbits  and  the  snuis 
of  the  eyes,  a  line  behind  tlie  eyes,  the  anterior  and  posterior 
margins  of  the  prothorax,  the  teguliB,  the  scutelhnn  anteriorly,  the 
postlcutelliim,  two  large  oval  marks  on  the  median  segment  pos- 
teriorly, a  spot  beneatli  the  base  of  each  wing,  the  posterior  margni 
of  the  petiole  and  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment,  and  a  large 
spot  on  each  side  of  the  base  of  the  last,  yellow ;  legs  ferruginous 
variegated  with  yellow ;  wings  hyaline,  with  a  small  subapical  cloud 
on  the  fore  wing. 

Bab.  Poena,  Bombay ;  Bangalore;  Tenasserim.  ^.Length 
9-10  ;  exp.  20  mm.     g  .  Length  5-6  ;  exp.  13  mm. 

677.  Icaria  artifex,  8ams.  Man.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  2.36  ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  98. 
Icaiia  variep;ata,  Sauss.  (7tec  Smith)  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  25,  pi.  iv, 

ag.  3,  9 . 

2  ^  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  obscurely  pubescent,  the 
head,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  and  scutellum  finely  granular;  median 
segment  glabrous,  with  a  medial  longitudinal  furrow,  vertical  or 
very  sHghtly  sloped ;  petiole  of  abdomen  gradually  thickened  to 
the"  apex,  the  latter  not  spherical.  Black  or  rufescent  brown  ; 
clypeus  except  a  long,  medial,  vertical  fuscous  spot,  the  mandibles, 
a  line  on  the  front  of  the  scape  of  the  antennte,  a  hne  on  the 
posterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  sometimes  the  anterior  also, 
the  tegulaj,  the  scutellum  and  postscutellum,  and  a  broad  stripe 
down  the  middle  of  the  median  segment  divided  in  two  by  the 
groove  (sometimes  an  outer  yellow  longitudinal  stripe  also),  a  line 
on  each  side  at  the  base  of  the  petiole,  a  transverse  line  on  its 
apex  (sometimes  obsolete),  a  large  spot  on  each  side  at  the  base 
of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment,  and  a  transverse  band  on  its  apex 
yellow,  the  antenna}  and  the  3rd  and  apical  segments  of  the  abdo- 
men ferruginous ;  legs  reddish  bi-own  or  black,  the  intermediate 
and  posterior  coxae  behind  and  the  knees  yellow  ;  wings  hyaline 
yellowish,  with  the  stigma  yellow  along  the  costal  margin  of  the 
fore  wing,  and  a  subapical  fuscous  cloud  in  the  radial  cell. 

Var.  The  yellow  markings  more  or  less  obsolete  or  replaced  by 
fulvous  or  ferruginous. 

Halj.  Sikhim ;  Barrackpore  ;  Dehra  Duu ;  Mussooree  ;  Pegu 
HiUs,  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ;  Java.  ?  .  Length  12-13  ;  exjy.  25  mm. 
$  .  Length  10  ;  exp.  2U  mm. 

678.  Icaria  sumatrae. 

Vespa  suiiiatrce,  Weber,  Observ.  Ent.  p.  103. 

Anthreneida  covonata,  White,  A.  M.  N.  H.  vii  (1841)  p.  321, 
footnote  ;  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  246,  $  ;  Smith,  Cat.  v, 
p.  100. 

2  or  §  .  Very  like  /.  spedosa,  Sauss.  Head,  thorax,  and 
abdomen  very  coarsely  punctured,  with  a  rugose  granular  appear- 


390 


TESPIDiE. 


ance  ;  clypeus  pubescent,  flattisli,  somewhat  longer  than  broad, 
pentagonal ;  median  segment  very  steeply  sloped,  with  a  medial 
suleation  very  wide  at  the  top,  bounded  by  a  carina  on  each 
side,  starting  from  the  lateral  angles  of  the  post- 
scutellum  and  converging  towards  the  apex,  the 
suleation  with  a  medial  deeply  impressed  line, 
the  sides  beyond  the  carinas  on  each  side  ob- 
scurely rugose ;  petiole  of  abdomen  as  in  /. 
speciosa ;  2ud  abdominal  segment  carapauulate, 
the  3rd  and  following  segments  telescopically 
closing  into  it ;  from  beneath  the  posterior  mar- 
gin of  the  ^ud  segment  a  fringe  of  strong  spines 
Fig  \]9—Icaria    about  2  mm.  in  length  projects  over  the  base  of 
Sumatra,  $.   f.     the  3rd  segment.     Velvety  black,  the  clypeus 
brownish  with  a  whitish  pile,  the  petiole  of  the 
abdomen  red.  black  at  base ;  the  entire  insect  covered  with  a  fine 
silky  pile,  looking  golden  in  certain  lights  ;  the  spines  fringing  the 
2nd  abdominal  segment  yellow ;  wings  hyaline,  the  costal  margin 
of  the  fore  wing  fuscous,  and  with  a  large  fuscous  subapical  cloud 
from  the  radial  cell  to  a  little  below  the  cubital  cells. 

The  type  specimen  of  White's  insect  has  the  2nd  cubital  cell  very 
slightly  peliolate  towards  the  radial  cell,  receiving  the  1st  recurrent 
nervure  about  the  middle,  the  3rd  cubital  cell  receiving  the  2ud 
recurrent  nervure  near  its  base  ;  but  I  am  convinced  this  is  only 
an  individual  variation  :  the  specimens  I  procured  in  Tenasserim 
have  the  2nd  cubital  cell  as  in  /.  speciosa,  receiving  both  recurrent 
nervures. 

Tenasserim.       .  Length  U-12 ;  ex^o.  lQ-23  mm. 
The  genus  Anthreneida  was  founded  by  WMte  on  a  single 
specimen  without  locality. 


679.  Icaria  speciosa,  Sauss.  JRev.  ^  Mag.  Zool.  1855,  p.  374 ;  Smith, 
Cat.  V,  p.  08. 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  punctured,  densely  prui- 
nose,  with  a  soft  velvety  appearance ;  clypeus  convex,  pentagoual, 
the  apex  ending  in  an  obtuse  angle  ;  pronotum 
anteriorly  rounded  and  distinctly  narrowed 
towards  the  head ;  median  segment  vertical,  \yith 
a  wide,  deep,  medial ,  vertical  hollow,  the  sides 
rounded,  smooth ;  petiole  of  abdomen  spherical 
at  apex,  base  of  2ud  segment  shortly  petiolate. 
Intense  black,  the  petiole  orange-red,  slightly 
fuscous  at  base,  a  spot  at  the  base  of  the  man- 
dibles and  the  anterior  margin  of  the  clypeus 
narrowly  white ;  wings  light  fusco-hy aline,  darker 
along  tiie  costal  margin  of  the  fore  wing,  and 

with  a  fuscous  subapical  cloud.  .       ,^  ,  e  + 

Uah  Peeu  Hills,  Burma;  Tenasserun ;  Malacca;  Sumatra; 
Borneo  {A  Wallace).     $  .  Length  10-11 ;  e.vp.  22-24  mm. 


Tig.  120. 

speciosa, 


ICAHIA. 


391 


680.  Icaria  ungulata,  n.  sp. 

«  Closely  allied  to  /.  speciosa  aud  resembling  it,  but  smaller, 
more'  coarsely  pimctured,  and  with  the  wings  of  a  different 
colour.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  rather  coarsely  but  regularly 
punctured,  densely  pruinose,  with  a  velvety  appearance ;  clypeus 
convex,  pentagonal,  somewhat  broader  than  long,  the  apex  obtusely 
ant'led ';  pronotum  anteriorly  slightly  rounded,  not  transverse,  and 
distuactly  narrowed  towards  the  head ;  median  segment  vertical, 
furrowed  down  the  middle,  and  obliquely  coarsely  striate ;  petiole 
with  the  apex  spherical,  the  base  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment 
shortly  petiolate.  Intense  black,  the  petiole  orange-red  m  its 
apical  two-thirds  ;  the  antennas  beneath  fulvous  ;  the  apical  jomts 
of  all  the  tarsi,  with  the  claws  and  pulvilli,  and  the  margins  of  the 
3rd  and  following  abdominal  segments  bright  testaceous ;  wings 
light  fusco-byaline  for  a  little  more  than  half  their  length  from 
base,  bright  fulvous  yellow  beyond. 

Bob.  Tenasserim.     ^  .  Length  8-9  ;  exjp.  20  mm. 


681.  Icaria  aristocratica,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Sue.  p.  37,  ^;  Smith, 
Cat.  V,  97. 

8 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  with  very  fine  punctures,  the 
surface  not  granular,  finely  silky  and  shining;  clypeus  pentagonal, 
apex  with  a  strong  downward  bent  tooth  ;  pronotum  wide,  and 
with  its  anterior  margin  prominently  recurved  ;  median  segment 
convex ;  petiole  of  abdomen  short.  Black ;  a  Hue  on  the  mandibles, 
the  anterior  margin  of  the  clypeus,  the  inner  orbits  obscurely,  a 
fine  line  along  the  anterior  margin  of  the  pronotum,  a  short  line 
under  the  base  of  the  wings  ;  the  postscutellum,  the  apical  margin, 
aud  two  obscure  small  spots  on  the  petiole,  and  a  broader  trans- 
verse line  on  the  posterior  margin  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment 
yellow  ;  legs  black,  with  a  line  of  yellow  on  the  posterior  femora ; 
wings  hyaUne,  the  radial  cell  of  the  fore  wing  entirely  dark 
fuscous. 

Nab.  India  (Saussure) ;  Tenasserim ;  Pulo  Penang.  ^  .  Length 
7-8  ;  exp.  16-19  mm. 

*682.  Icaria  aberrans,  Grib.  Bull.  Soc  Ent.  Ital.  1891,  p.  246,  $ ; 
Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  ix,  p.  117. 
"$.  Head  hghtly,  thorax  and  abdomen  closely  and  coarsely 
punctured ;  head  flat,  subtriangular,  as  wide  as  the  thorax ;  clypeus 
small,  narrow,  higher  than  broad,  anteriorly  widely  arched,  almost 
truncate  ;  median  segment  subconcave  posteriorly  ;  petiole  of  ab- 
domen slightly  flat.    Fuscous  black ;  the  anterior  margin  of  the 
clypeus,  the  inner  orbits  below  the  sinus  of  the  eyes,  and  abdo- 
mnial  segments  3-5  citron-yellow  ;  the  underside  of  the  antennas 
and  all  the  legs  ferruginous  ;  wings  hyaline,  obsoletely  lacteous, 
base  and  costal  margin  darkening  to  fuscous. 
"  Mob.  India.    $  .  Length  8  mm." 


392 


TESriDiE. 


683.  Icaria  scitula,  n.  sp. 

■  ^  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  shagreened,  pruinose, 
with  a  silky  lustre ;  clypeus  large,  slightly  convex,  with  a  minute 
tooth  at  apex ;  pronotum  with  its  anterior  margin  sharply  trans- 
verse and  very  narrowly  recurved  ;  median  segment  steeply  sloped, 
nearly  vertical,  with  a  deep  wide  furrow  down  the  middle,  and  the 
sides  rounded  ;  petiole  of  the  abdomen  not  spherical  at  apex,  base 
of  the  2nd  segment  not  petiolate.  Intense  black ;  a  broad  line  on 
the  pronotum  reaching  back  nearly  to  the  tegulse,  the  scutellum  and 
postscutellum  bright  red  ;  the  clypeus  and  sides  of  the  median  seg- 
ment with  a  hoary  whitish  pile  seen  only  in  certain  lights  ;  the  claws 
and  the  pulvilli  of  the  tarsi  testaceous ;  wings  hyaline,  the  fore 
wing  fuscous  along  its  anterior  margin,  with  a  fuscous  cloud  in  the 
radial  cell. 

Hub.  Eangit  Valley,  Sikhim.     ^  .  Lemjtli  8  ;  exp.  20  mm, 

684.  Icaria  formosa,  Sams.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  37,  5  ;  Smith,  Cat. 

y,  p.  98. 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  finely  punctured 
and  pilose,  the  punctures  somewhat  coarse  and  v^  iih  a  tendency  to 
appear  like  strice  on  the  large  2nd  abdominal  segment ;  median 
segment  with  a  broad  deep  longitudinal  furrow  which  is  bordered 
by  a  sharp  edge  on  each  side ;  2nd  abdominal  segment  very  long, 
and  with  a  transverse  depression  along  its  posterior  margin. 
Euscous  black,  covered  all  over  by  a  grejdsh  pile,  visible  clearly  in 
certain  lights ;  wings  fusco-hyaline,  obscurely  brownish  along  the 
costal  margin  of  the  fore  wing. 

ITab.  India  (Smith).  $  .  Length  19  ;  e.vp.  37  mm.  The  type 
and  only  specimen  I  have  seen  is  in  the  British  Museum. 

Genus  PARAICAEIA. 

Paraicaria,  Gribodo,  Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Ital.  1891, 
p.  248. 

Type,  P.  bicdlor,  Grrib. 
Unnc/e.  Burma. 

Of  small  size,  in  form  closely  allied  to  Icaria, 
with  the  same  characters,  except  the  neuration 
of  the  fore  wing,  which  has  only  ttvo  cubital  cells, 
the  2nd  receiving  both  recurrent  nervm.-es. 

685.  Paraicaria  bicolor,  Grib.  Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Ital.  1891,  p.  249. 

5  or  g  .  Closely  resembles  Icaria  scitula,  from  Sikhim,  in 
appearance,  but  smaller  and  not  quite  so  closely  punctured,  the 
apex  of  the  clypeus  more  produced,  and  the  head  broader  iu  pro- 
portion. Black  ;  the  pronotum,  scutellum,  and  postscutellum  red; 
the  clypeus  narrowly  along  its  anterior  margin,  the  inner  orbits  to 
as  high  as  the  base  of  the  antennse,  and  the  anterior  tibiae  and 


Fig.  121.— Pam- 
icaria  hicolor, 


PARAICAUIA..  — rOLISTBS. 


393 


tarsi  sometimes  obscurely  fulvous  white  or  testaceous;  wings 
slightly  fusco-hyaliue  and  iridescent.  s      ^  x 

Hah.  Pegu  Hills,  Burma ;  Tenasserim  (common).  $  or  5  . 
Lenqth  7-8°;  exp.  16-17  mm. 

This  species  makes  a  very  large  Polyhia-hke  nest.  It  is  common 
on  the  sand-banks  in  the  rivers  in  the  hottest  time  ot  the  day, 
sitting  basking  and  sucking  in  the  moisture. 


Genus  POLISTES. 

Vespa,  pt,  Linn.  Faun.  Suec.  p.  418  (1761). 
PoUstes,  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  xiv,  p.  348  (1805).  _ 
Cyclostoma,  Kirby  ^-  Spence,  Introd.  Ent.  1st  ed.  la,  P- 633  (1826). 
Gyrostoma,  Kirhj  ^  Spence,  Introd.  Ent.  5th  ed.  iii,  p.  bdl  {V>i^ti). 

Type,  P.  gallicus.  Linn. 
Ranfje.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  flat  in  front,  vertex  not  or  scarcely  arched ;  eyes  reniform, 
rather  small,  not  reaching  the  base  of  the  mandibles  ;  ocelli  placed 

on  tlie  vertex  in  a  long  triangle, 
the  posterior  two  rather  close 
together  ;  antennas  hliform,  in 
the  male  arched  at  the  apex ; 
clypeus  pentagonal,  its  anterior 
margin  often  roundly  angular 
in  the  middle ;  mandibles  short, 
nearly  square,  terminated  by  4 
teeth,  the  inner  one  often  obtuse 
and  somevi'hat  apart  from  the 
others.  Thorax  elongate,  the 
median  segment  oblique,  flat 
posteriorly,  and  more  often  than 
not  in  the  Eastern  species 
transversely  striate,  sometimes  broadly  but  deeply  grooved  down 
the  middle  ;  legs  stout,  moderately  long,  intermediate  tibisB  vvith 
two  spines  at  apex,  claws  simple.  Wings  long,  ample ;  fore  wing 
with  a  narrow  radial  cell  acuminate  at  base  and  apex,  three  cubital 
cells — the  1st  very  long,  the  2nd  the  smallest,  receiving  both 
recurrent  nervures  and  strongly  constricted  towards  the  radial  cell, 
the  3rd  obliquely  quadrate ;  the  2nd  and  3rd  transverse  cubital 
nervures  waved.  Abdomen  pseudosessile,  the  basal  segment 
narrowed  at  base,  but  pever  transformed  into  a  lengthened  petiole 
as  in  Icaria,  Polyhia,  &c. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A,  Mesonotum  unmarked. 

a.  Abdomen  plain,  not  banded  with  red  or 
yellow. 

a'.'  Of  large  size.  5  •  Length  27-30  mm. 
§  .  Length  21-24  mm.  Plead,  thorax, 
and  abdomen  plain  chestnut-brown  . .    P.  schach,  p.  394. 


Fig.  122. — Polistea  Sagittarius,  § . 


394 


vespid;e. 


b'.  Smaller.  2  .  Length  19-20  ram.  9  . 
Length  17-19  mm.  Head,  thorax, 
and  abdomen  chestnut-brown,  the 
greater  part  of  the  thorax  variegated 
with  black   P.  sidcatw,  p.  3[15. 

b.  Abdomen  with  the  2nd  segment  orange- 

yellow  on  the  apical  two-thirds  or  half. 
a'.  Thorax  very   coarsely  rugose.     2 . 

Length  23  mm   P.  Jioplites,  p.  895. 

b' .  Thorax  not  so  coarsely  rugose.     $ . 

Length  16-18  mm   P.  sagittarim,  p.  395. 

c.  Abdomen  with  the  apical  and  lateral  mar- 

gins of  the  1st  and  apical  margins  broadly 

of  the  3rd  and  4tli  segments  yellow  ....    P.  stigma,  p.  396. 

d.  Abdomen  with  the  apical  margins  of  seg- 

ments 1-5  somewhat  narrowly  yellow.  .    P.  mdculljKtinis,  p.  3£j6. 

e.  Abdomen  with  the  apical  margins  of  seg- 

ments 2-5  with  broad  anteriorly  arched 

sublunnte  marks    P.  assamensis,  p.  397. 

f.  Abdomen  with  the  apical  margins  of  seg- 

ments 1-5  dark  red   P.  adustus,  p.  397. 

B.  Mesonotum  with  two  yellow  parallel  lines, 
2nd  abdominal  segment  with  a  bisinuate 
black  line  across  the  middle  always 
present   P.  hebrcsus,  p.  398. 


686.  Polistes  schach. 

Vespa  schach,  Fabr.  /S^jec.  Ins.  i,  p.  461. 

Poli3tes  schach,  Fabr.  Sgst.  Piez.  p.  270  ;  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc. 

p.  50  ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  105. 
Cyclostoma  orientalis,  A'm-6)/  Sf  Spence,Introd.  Ent.  iii,  p.  633  (ed.  i.). 
Polistes  orientalis,  Lep.  Hyvi.  i,  p..  519 ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  102. 
Polistes  gyrostoma,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  104. 
Polistes  confusus,  Smith,  Cat.  v.  p.  102. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  closely  and  somewhat  coarsely  punctured, 
the  punctures  on  the  pronotmu  running  into  transverse  striae; 
abdomen  smooth,  dull  and  opaque;  the  median  segment  with  a 
broad  shallow  furrow  near  the  apex,  transversely  striate,  the  striae 
coarse  and  somewhat  prominent.  Entirely  of  a  dull  chestnut- 
brown,  shaded  with  fuscous  on  the  thorax  above  and  on  the  bases 
of  the  abdominal  segments  ;  wings  brown,  subhyaline,  with  in  some 
specimens  a  purphsh  effulgence. 

(S  similar ;  the  eyes  very  small,  separated  from  the  base  o£  the 
mandibles  by  more  than  two-thirds  of  ttieir  own  length  ;  the 
mandibles  very  large,  arched,  the  apex  with  two  strong  teeth ;  the 
clypeus  nearly  square,  very  obtusely  angled  in  the  middle  ante- 
riorly ;  the  head  and  thorax  more  sparsely  punctured  than  in  the 
$  or  5  ;  the  apical  joint  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennas  flattened, 
cornute. 

So  far  as  size  is  concerned  this  species  vai'ies  a  good  deal,  but  it 
seems  pretty  constant  in  coloration. 


POLISTES. 


395 


Hah.  India  {Smith);  Sikhim  (ilio7?er);  China  {Larlcmc,).  J. 
Length  27-30  ■,  exp.  65  mm.  6  .  Length  30-37  ;  6^tp.  08-88  mm. 
5  .  i:<;«f/<7t  21-24;  exp.  62-65  mm. 

687.  Polistes  sulcatus.    (PI.  ni,  fig.  3.) 

5r/itV/i,  rra«s.  /Soc.  new  ser.  u,  1852,  p.  38;  k>ausi>.  Mon. 
Gu&p.  Soc.  p.  59,  2  cJ- 
2  a  Closely  allied  to  and  resembUng  P.  schach,  but  constantly 
smaller  than  the  smallest  variety  of  that  species  ;  the  head  and 
thorax  are  more  closely  punctured,  with  the  punctm-es  shallovv 
and  givino-  the  surface  a  granular  look,  those  on  the  pronotum  not 
running  into  stria;  as  in  P.  schach;  in  colour  also  P.  sulcatus  seems 
pretty  constant,  all  the  specimens  I  have  seen  bemg  castaneous- 
brown,  \vith  the  mesonotum,  scutellum,  postscutellum,  median 
segment,  pectus,  and  the  whole  of  the  sides  of  the  thorax  black ; 
wings  Hght,  rather  fulvous  brown. 

similar ;  the  clypeus  and  inner  orbits  yellowish. 
Hah.  EangitVaUey,  Sikhim;  China.     2-  Length  19-20;  exp. 
48  mm.     g  .  Length  17-19  ;  exp.  42-45  mm. 

688.  Polistes  hoplites,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  pp.  55  &  255 ;  Smith, 

Cat.  V,  p.  102. 

2  .  Closely  resembhng  P.  Sagittarius,  but  constantly  larger  and 
the  thorax  much  more  coarsely  punctured  and  rugose.  1  know  no 
other  distinction,  and  it  is  quite  possible  that  P.  Sagittarius  is  but 
a  smaller  form  of  P.  hoplites.  This  latter  is  a  rare  insect ;  I  have 
only  seen  one  or  two  specimens  of  it. 

Hah.  India  {Saussure,  Smith)  ;  Burma.  2  •  Length  23-24 ; 
exp.  54-56  mm. 

689.  Polistes  Sagittarius,  Sams.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  56 ;  Smith,  Cat. 

V,  p.  102. 

2  or  ^  .  Head,  pro-  and  mesonotum,  scutellum,  postscutellum, 
pro-,  meso-,  and  metapleuraj  rugosely  punctured,  granular,  in 
certain  hghts  looking  as  if  irregularly  striate  ;  median  segment 
transversely  striate,  coarsely  on  the  sides  and  posterior  angles 
and  fi^ue  in  the  middle,  down  which  there  is  a  broad  sulcation ; 
abdomen  pruiuose,  with  a  silky  appearance.  Black  or  deep  reddish 
brown:  the  black  varieties  have  the  scape  and  flagellum  of  the 
antenna  beneath  and  the  apex  of  the  clypeus,  the  cheeks,  the  pro- 
notum anteriorly,  and  the  scutellum  reddish  brown  ;  the  reddish- 
brown  varieties  have  the  scape  of  the  antenns3  lighter,  the  flagellum 
very  dark  almost  black,  a  transverse  stripe  between  the  eyes  on 
the  vertex,  the  mesonotum  except  a  reddish-brown  oval  patch 
anteriorly,  the  median  segment,  and  intermediate  and  posterior 
legs  black ;  abdomen  in  both  varieties  with  the  basal  two  (some- 
times only  the  2nd)  segments  yellow,  the  1st  segment  more  or  less 
black  at  base  ;  wings  brown,  ferruginous  on  their  apical  margins. 


396 


TBSPIDvE. 


Hah.  Probably  throughout  the  greater  part  of  India;  Burma; 
Tenasserim ;  China.  $  .  Length  18  ;  exp.  44  mm.  Lemjlh  Iti ; 
exjp.  40  mm. 

690.  Polistes  stigma. 

Vespa  stigma,  Fabr.  Ent.  Si/si.  ii,  p.  275. 
Vespa  tamula,  Fabr.  Ent.  ISyst.  Suppl.  p.  263. 
Polistes  tamula,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  274. 

Polistes  stigma,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  64,  pi.  vi,  fig.  3 ;  Smith, 
Cat.  V,  p.  102. 

5 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth ;  head  and  thorax 
opaque,  abdomen  slightly  shining ;  median  segment  with  the 
medial  groove  barely  marked.  Dull  ferruginous  brown  ;  the 
clypeus,  mandibles,  inner  orbit  to  the  sinus,  the  lower  half  of 
the  cheeks,  and  a  narrow  line  along  the  outer  orbit  above,  the 
anterior  and  posterior  margins  of  the  prothorax  very  narrowly, 
the  mesopleurte  except  for  a  medial  irregular  reddish-brown  mark, 
the  postscutellum,  two  broad  longitudinal  and  apically  slightly 
convergent  streaks  on  the  median  segment  posteriorly,  the  anterior 
and  intermediate  coxae  in  front  and  the  posterior  coxse  behind,  the 
1st  abdominal  segment  except  an  oval  reddish-brown  mark  in  the 
middle  above,  and  broad  transverse  bands  on  the  posterior  margins 
of  the  3rd  and  4th  segments,  yellow  ;  wings  light  ferruginous,  the 
fore  wing  with  a  broad  subapical  fuscous  cloud. 

Var.  The  wings  similarly  marked,  but  clear  hyaline. 

cJ  similar,  the  vertex  blackish;  the  4th  abdominal  segment 
entirely  yellow. 

g  similar,  smaller,  the  bases  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  abdominal 
segments  black. 

Var.  a.  The  two  streaks  on  the  median  segment  absent. 

Far.  fj.  The  whole  insect  velvety  black,  the  clypeus  and  scu- 
tellum  fulvous  red,  the  yellow  markings  on  the  head  and  face  and 
on  the  mesopleurse  and  coxae  wanting;  abdomen  black,  with  the 
posterior  and  lateral  margins  of  the  1st  and  the  posterior  margin 
of  the  4th  segment  only  yellow,  the  posterior  femora  dull  red ; 
wings  hyaline,  with  the  usual  subapical  fuscous  cloud  on  the  fore 
wing. 

Bab.  Simla  ;  Delhi ;  Allahabad ;  Barrackpore ;  Bombay  ;  Ban- 
galore ;  Madras;  Cej'lon  ;  Burma;  Tenasserim,  extending  to  the 
Malayan  region.  5-  Length  13-14;  e.vp.  32  mm.  cJ  •  Length 
11 ;  e.rp.  28  mm.     ^  .  Length  10-11 ;  exp.  24  mm. 

691.  Polistes  maculipennis,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  61,  pi.  vi,  fig.  4 ; 

Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  103. 

5  .  Head  above,  the  pro-  and  mesonotum,  and  scutellum  finely 
punctured,  with  a  granular  appearance  ;  clypeus  with  only  a  few- 
scattered  punctures ;  median  segment  with  a  medial  broad  groove 
slightly  transversely  striate,  shining ;  abdomen  smooth  and  silky. 
Head,  the  mesonotum,  median  segment,  pectus,  sides  of  the  thoi-ax, 
and  base  of  the  abdomen  black  ;  the  mandibles,  the  clypeus  in  the 
middle,  the  cheeks,  the  pronotum,  scutellum,  legs,  and  abdomen 


POMSTBS. 


397 


bright  reddish  brown  ;  the  margins  of  the  clypeus,  the  inner  orbits 
up  "to  the  sinus  of  the  eyes,  the  anterior  and  posterior  margins  of 
the  pronotum  narrowly,  the  tegula3,  three  spots  on  the  pleurce,  the 
scutellum  and  postscutelluui  anteriorly,  two  rather  broad  vertical 
streaks  on  the  median  segment  posteriorly,  and  the  posterior 
margins  somewhat  broadly  o£  the  lst-5th  abdominal  segments 
yellow ;  wings  light  brownish  hyaline,  the  subapical  fuscous  spot 
in  the  fore  wing  in  all  the  specimens  I  have  seen  either  absent  or 
faintly  marked. 

Vcir.  Some  specimens  are  darker,  with  the  ground-colour  dark 
brown  or  fuscous  black. 

Bab.  Sikhim;  Assam;  Tenasserim  ;  Java,  .  Length  11-13 ; 
exp.  26-31  mm.  Saussure  gives  the  Javan  1^  : — Length  16  ;  exp. 
38  mm. ;  the  Indian  forms  seem  to  me  much  smaller. 

692.  Polistes  assamensis,  n.  sp. 

^  .  Head  and  abdomen  iinely  silky,  impunctate,  except  on  the 
clypeus,  where  there  are  a  few  fine  scattered  punctures  ;  pronotum, 
mesonotum,  scutellum,  and  postscutellum  closely,  finely  punctured, 
granular ;  median  segment  vertical,  with  a  broad  furrow  down  the 
middle,  and  rather  coarsely  transversely  and  regularly  striate. 
Eeddish  brown ;  the  anterior  and  lateral  margins  narrowly,  the 
posterior  margin  broadly,  and  a  line  down  the  middle  of  the  meso- 
notum, the  anterior  margin  narrowly  of  the  median  segment,  and 
a  broad  medial  irregular  streak  on  the  mesopleurse,  the  metapleuraa 
and  sides  of  the  median  segment,  the  anterior  coxse  behind,  the 
intermediate  coxse,  trochanters  and  bases  of  the  femora,  the 
posterior  coxas,  trochanters,  femora,  tibiae,  and  base  of  the  1st 
joint  of  the  tarsi,  the  base  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment  broadly 
and  of  the  2nd  narrowly,  black ;  the  lateral  posterior  margins  of 
the  pronotum  very  narrowly,  the  tegulae,  the  tarsi  of  the  legs,  and 
broad  anteriorly  arched  sublunate  marks  in  the  middle  of  the 
posterior  margins  of  the  2nd-5th  abdominal  segments,  dull  yellow, 
getting  brighter  towards  the  apex  of  the  abdomen ;  the  apical 
segment  entirely  yellow ;  wings  deep  ferruginous  hyaline. 

Var.  The  abdomen  entirely  reddish  brown. 

Hab.  INIargherita,  Assam  {Doherty) ;  Sikhim.  g  .  Length  12-14 ; 
exp.  26-28  mm. 

693.  Polistes  adustus,  n.  sp. 

5$ .  Head  and  thorax  finely  and  closely,  abdomen  more  sparsely 
punctured,  the  punctures  on  the  head  and  abdomen  shallow,  and 
indistinct  on  the  thorax,  in  front  deeper,  giving  the  surface  a 
granular  look ;  median  segment  sulcated  down  the  middle,  on  the 
sides  and  posteriorly  coarsely  transversely  striate ;  clypeus  strongly 
convex,  pentagonal,  the  apex  bent  downwards  ;  scutellum  and  post- 
scutellum transversely  rectangular,  prominent,  the  latter  somewhat 
broader  in  the  middle.  Black ;  the  clypeus,  the  scape  of  the 
antennae,  an  abbreviated  line  behind  the  eyes  near  the  vertex,  the 
pronotum,  except  a  large  triangular  patch  on  the  sides,  the  tubercles, 


398 


TESPIDjiE. 


the  tegulse,  the  scutellum,  a  square  spot  at  each  lateral  angle  oi  the 
postscutellum,  the  femora  above  and  the  tibise  of  the  legs,  trans- 
verse broad  bands  on  the  apical  margins  of  the  lst-5th  abdominal 
segments  above  and  beneath,  and  the  whole  of  the  6th  segment 
above,  dark  red ;  the  5  or  6  apical  joints  of  the  flagellmn  of  the 
antennae  with  a  line  oF  orange  beneath ;  wings  fulvo-hyaline, 
broadly  fuscescent  towards  their  apical  margins. 

Var.  The  clypeus  black  on  its  basal  half,  the  scape  black  with 
a  line  of  red  anteriorly,  the  flagellum  entirely  black,  only  the 
margins  of  the  pronotiim  and  broadly  of  the  basal  two  abdominal 
segments  red,  the  scutellum  and  postscutellum  entirely  black ;  the 
legs  black  for  the  greater  part,  shaded  with  red  on  the  femora 
beneath  and  the  base  of  the  tibise  above ;  wings  f usco-hyaline. 

Eah.  Sikhim,  up  to  6000  feet.  ^ .  LengtJi  10-12 ;  ea,^^. 
24-30  mm. 

694.  Polistes  hebrsBus. 

Vespa  hebi'fBa,  Fab)\  Mant.  Ins.  i,  p.  292. 
Polistes  hebrasa,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  273. 
Polistes  macaensis,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  272. 
Vespa  undata,  Oliv.  Fncyl.  Mith.  vi,  p.  684. 

Polistes  hebrseus,  Sauss.  Mmi.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  53 ;  Smith,  Cat.  v, 
p.  101. 

2  or  ^  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  opaque,  sometimes 
slightly  shining;  mesonotum  with  two  short,  parallel, longitudinally 
impressed  lines  on  its  posterior  portion  ;  medial 
groove  on  the  median  segment  well-marked, 
very  broad  in  some  specimens,  the  transverse 
striations  sometimes  faint.  From  bright  yellow 
to  fulvous  brown.  The  bright  yellow  forms  have 
all  the  sutures  on  the  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen 
lined  with  black,  a  curved  line  on  the  vertex 
behind  the  ocelli,  a  transverse  streak  on  the 
prothorax  in  front,  a  medial  and  two  shorter 
side-streaks  on  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum,  a 
Yt^.  p^'—Pobstes  ^^^s^gj,sg  gtreak  on  the  middle  of  the  basal 
liebrcBus,  9 .  i.  abdominal  segments,  and  fine  sinuate  lines  on 
the  middle  of  the  remaining  segments  black.  The  fulvous-brown 
forms  have  a  broad  band  between  the  eyes  on  the  vertex  black, 
the  disc  of  the  mesonotum  with  one  medial  and  two  outer  shorter 
stripes  fuscous  or  black  ;  the  median  segment  black,  with  a  spot  of 
yellow  on  the  sides  and  two  parallel  yellow  stripes  down  the 
middle  •  the  basal  abdominal  segment  black,  with  the  apical  margin 
more  or  less  broadly  yellow;  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment  black, 
the  black  produced  angularly  back  in  the  middle,  and  a  transverse 
sinuate  black  line  on  the  middle  of  the  segment,  sometimes  op  the 
3rd  to  the  5th  segment  also ;  the  legs  have  the  apical  four  pints 
of  the  tarsi  always  bright  yellow.  Wings  in  both  forms  ferruginous 
or  fulvo-hvaline.  This  species  is  exceedingly  variable,  but  can  be 
recognized  by  the  sinuate  line,  which  is  always  present,  at  any 
rate  on  the  2nd  if  not  on  the  3rd  and  following  abdominal  seg- 


POLIBTES. — TBSPA. 


399 


nients.  In  a  few  specimens  I  have  found  the  line  faintly  marked, 
and  then  onW  us  a  darker  sinuate  line  on  the  rufescent  brown  base 
of  the  2nd  and  following  segments.  .       -n  • 

Hub  Throughout  India,  Burma,  and  Tenasserim ;  Persia; 
Arabia ;  Egypt ;  Isle  of  France.  $  .  Lengtli  20-24 ;  exj>.  46-48 
mm.     S  .  Length  13-16 ;  exp.  36-40  mm. 


Genus  VESPA. 

Vespn,  pt.,  Zimi.  Si/st.  Nat.  i,  p.  948  (1767). 
Crabro,  pt.,  Christ^  Natw;;.  Ins.  p.  217  (1791). 
Vespa,  Sauss.  Mon.  Giiep.  Soc.  p.  110  (1853-58). 


Fig.  124. —  Vespa  magnifica,  ^.  \. 


Type,  V.  vulgaris,  Linn. 
Range.  All  parts  of  the  world. 

Head  concave  posteriorly,  the  cheeks  often  much  developed ; 
eyes  variable,  sometimes  with  a  considerable  distance  between 
them  and  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  in  a  few  cases  extending 
down  to  the  latter ;  ocelli  small  as  a  rule,  in  one  species  very  large, 
placed  in  a  broad  triangle  on  the  vertex  ;  antennae  filiform,  in  the 
male  elongate,  simple;  clypeus  not  terminated  by  a  tooth,  gene- 
rally square,  its  anterior  margin  transverse,  slightly  emarginate,  in 
a  few  cases  bilobed  ;  mandibles  very  broad,  terminated  by  4  strong 
teeth.    Thorax  deep  cubical,  sometimes  globose  ;  median  segment 
vertical,  rounded,  smooth  ;  legs  stout,  rather  short,  the  claws 
simple :  wings  long ;  the  fore  wing  with  the  radial  cell  elongate, 
the  1st  cubital  cell  the  longest,  the  2nd  constricted  towards  the 
radial  cell,  receiving  both  recurrent  nervures,  the  3rd  obliquely 
quadrate,  the  radial  cell  obliquely  or  straightly  truncate  at  apex, 
not  acutely  rounded  as  in  Polistes,  Icaria,  &c.    Abdomen  massive, 
cylindrical,  suddenly  and  acutely  pointed  at  the  apex ;  the  1st 
segment  never  narrowed  at  base  as  in  Polistes,  or  petiolate  as  in 
Icaria,  but  vertical  anteriorly. 

The  species  of  this  genus  seem  to  be  cosmopolitan.  They  make 
large  nests  of  papery  stuff,  placed  in  trees,  or  in  the  ground, 
generally  at  the  foot  of  a  tree,  or  often,  in  India  and  Burma,  attached 
to  the  beams  under  the  eaves  of  the  houses.  Many  species  are 
exceedingly  irritable  and  fierce,  resenting  any  intrusion,  even  at  a 


400 


TESPID^, 


good  distance  from  their  nests.  Their  stings  are  always  painful, 
and  very  often  dangerous. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  5  over  30  mm. ;  g  over  22  mm.  in  length. 

a.  Abdomen  entirely  dark  brown,  with  narrow 

transverse  apical  yellow  ba,nda  on  l8t-5th 

segments ;  6tk  segment  entirely  yellow  .  .  V.  magnifica,  p.  401. 

b.  Abdomen   with    the  'basal   two  segments 

ochreous  yellow    V.  ducalis,  p.  401. 

B.  §  not  over  25  mm. ;       not  over  22  mm.  in 

length. 

a.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pale  honey- 

yellow    V.  dovylloides,  p.  400. 

b.  Plead,  thorax,  and  abdomen  some  shade  of 

black,  brown,  reddish-brown,  or  sulphur- 
yellow,  variegated  with    ferruginous  or 
bright  vellow. 
a'.  Second  abdominal  segment,  sometimes  the 

1st  segment  also,  bright  or  orange-yellow.  V.  cincta,  p.  402. 
b'.  Second  "abdominal  segment  entirely  light 

chestnut-red    V.  orientalis,  p.  403. 

c.  Second  abdominal  segment  entirely  brown 

or  black    V-  basalts,  p.  403. 

d'.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  a  broad 
transverse  apical  band  yellow. 
Median  segment  yellow,  with  a  Y-shaped 

black  mark    V.  bicolor,  p.  404. 

6^.  Median  segment  black. 

a^.  Head  narrower  than  the  thorax    V.  structor,  p.  404. 

6^  Head  as  wide  as  the  thorax   V.  velutina,  p.  405. 

C-.  Median  segment  dull  yellow,  the  middle 

suffused  with  black    V.  analis,  p.  405. 

e'.  Second  abdominal  segment  with  a  narrow 
transverse  apical  band  yellow. 
a''.  Mesonotum  black,  unmarked. 

a3.  5.  Length  11-12  mm.;    g  .  Length 

9-10  mm   V.  flaviceps,  p.  406. 

b^.  5  unknown  ;      .  Length  18-20  mm.  V.  vivax;  p.  406. 
6^  Mesonotum  black,  marked  by  a  U-shaped 

yellow  mark.    ^  .  Length  15-17  mm.  V.  aurana,  p.  407. 

695.  Vespa  dorylloides.    (PI.  HI,  fig.  5-)  ,    .    ^  „ 

Vespa  anomala,  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  112,  pi.  xiv,  fag.  J. 
Vespa  dorylloides,  iSauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  {Errata),  p.2o6;  Sinit/i, 
Cat.  V,  p.  120. 

9  5.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  impunctate,  silky,  somewhat 
densely  villose ;  head  as  broad  as  the  thorax,  short,  the  cheeks  not 
much  developed,  the  vertex  narrowed,  the  eyes  very  nearly  reach- 
ing the  base  of  the  mandibles  below,  the  clypeus  large,  square, 
anteriorly  bilobed  ;  antenuse  stout,  long,  filiform  ;  ocelh  large  and 
very  prominent ;  thorax  and  abdomen  depressed,  the  latter  very 
long  and  narrow.    Pale  honey-yellow,  the  antenna,  the  emar- 


VESPA. 


401 


aination  of  the  eyes,  the  posterior  marglus  of  abdomnml  segment8 

I-  3  and  the  whole  of  the  apical  three  above,  darker  browmsh 
yeUow;  the  vertex  black;  vviugs  hyaline,  the  radial  cell  m  the  tore 
wing  brownish  yellow. 

Var.  Some  specimens  are  paler,  others  are  darker  than  the 

""^ffab.  DehraDun;  Saharanpur;  Sikhim ;  Burma;  Tenasserim; 
Java;  Sumati-a.     ?.  Lenc/tJi  14-15;  evp.  42  mm.  Length 

II-  12  ;  e.rp.  33-36  mm. 

This  is  a  common  species  in  Burma  and  Tenasserim. 

696.  Vespa  magnifica,  Smith,  Trans.  JEnt.  Soc.  new  ser.  ii,  1852, 

p  45  :  id.  Cat.  v,  p.  119;  Saicss.  Hon.  Gtcep.  Soc.  p.  ISo,  pi.  xui, 
fig.  3,  2. 

5.  Head  above  smooth,  shining,  with  one  or  two  scattere 
punctures  ;  clvpeus  coarsely  punctured ;  thorax  and  abdome 
smooth,  with  a  fine  silky  lustre ;  head  as  wide  as  the  thorax, 
rather  long,  compressed  anteriorly,  the  occiput  concave  ;  scutellum 
and  postscutellum  large,  prominent,  the  former  with  a  medial 
deeply-impressed  line,  the  latter  bulging  and  overhanging  the 
median  segment :  beneath  the  postscutellum  is  a  transverse  hollow 
produced  triangularly  down  from  the  middle,  and  continued  as  a 
medial  furrow  to  the  apex  of  the  median  segment.  Yery  dark 
brown  with  a  golden  tint  in  certain  lights ;  head  and  scape  of  the 
antenna5  orange ;  the  sides  of  the  pronotum,  two  large  marks  on 
the  mesonotum  anteriorly,  and  a  spot  under  each  wing  lighter 
brown;  abdomen  pruinose,  the  margins  of  the  segments  1-5 
and  the  whole  of  the  6th  yellow ;  legs  covered  with  a  ghstenmg 
golden  ferruginous  pile,  the  anterior  tibise  ferruginous  in  front ; 
wines  dark  fuscous  brown. 

Var.  a.  The  whole  of  the  thorax  light  brown,  with  a  silky 
golden  ferruginous  pile ;  the  base  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment 
dull  yellow,  with  a  medial  vertical  brown  streak ;  wings  much 
lighter  fusco-ferruginous. 

Var.  /3.  The  thorax  entirely  dark  brown,  without  any  of  the 
lighter  marks  on  the  pronotum,  &c. 

.  Exactly  similar,  but  much  smaller,  the  wings  slightly  lighter 
in  tint. 

Ilab.  The  Himalayas  from  Simla  to  Darjiling;  the  hills  of 
Assam,  Burma,  and  Tenasserim.  5 .  Length  30-35  ;  exp.  66- 
80  mm.     $  .  Length  23  ;  exp.  60  mm. 

697.  Vespa  ducalis,  Smith,  Ti-ans.  Ent.  Soc,  new  ser.  ii,  1852,  p.  39,  $ ; 

Sauss.Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  151,  ?  ?  c?;  Stnith,  Cat.  v,  p.  121. 

2 .  Head  (except  the  clvpeus  and  mandibles),  thorax,  and 
abdomen  smooth,  clypeus  and  mandibles  rugosely  punctured  ;  head 
very  large,  the  cheeks  in  some  specimens  enormously  dilated ; 
mesonotum  proportionately  rather  small;  scutellum  large  and 
very  prominent.    Dull  ochreous  yellow ;  the  space  round  the  ocelli, 

VOL.  I.  2d 


402 


YESPID^E. 


a  line  on  the  scape  of  the  antenna)  above,  the  mesonotum,  the 
thorax  beneath,  the  coxaj  and  femora  beneath,  a  medially  inter- 
rupted line  on  the  1st  abdominal  segment,  and  a  doubly  interrupted 
line  on  the  2nd,  with  the  apical  four  segments  entirely,  dark  brown 
or  black ;  wings  brownish  hyaline,  darker  towards  the  base  and 
along  the  costal  margin  of  the  fore  wing;  the  thorax  and  abdomen, 
and  especially  the  tibisB  and  tarsi  of  the  legs,  with  golden  pile  in 
certain  lights. 

similar ;  the  pronotum,  tegulse,  tibiaa,  and  tarsi  yellowish 
red ;  the  posterior  margins  of  the  basal  two  segments,  sometimes 
also  the  3rd,  with  a  transverse  band  of  bright  yellow. 

cj  similar ;  head  ferruginous ;  the  posterior  margin  of  the 
pronotum,  two  large  marks  on  the  mesonotum  anteriorly,  a  spot  on 
the  tegulffi,  the  posterior  half  of  the  scutellum,  the  anterior  tibiae 
above,  and  the  basal  two  segments  of  the  abdomen  ferruginous  ;  a 
spot  on  each  side  beneath  the  scutellum,  the  posterior  margin  of 
the  2nd  segment  of  the  abdomen,  and  the  3rd  and  4th  segments 
entirely  yellow  ;  the  2nd  segment  with  a  line  of  black  in  front  of 
the  yellow. 

Hob.  Nepal ;  Shillong,  Assam.     $  .  Length  40  ;  exp.  82  mm. 
^  .  Length  29 ;  exp.  76  mm.     6  .  Length  30  ;  exp.  76  mm. 

698.  Vespa  cincta,  Fabr.  Syst.  Ent.  p.  362 ;  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc. 
p.  152  ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  118. 
Sphex  tropica,  Sulz.  Ahgek.  Gesch.  Ins.  pi.  xxvii,  fig.  5. 
Vespa  unil'asoiata,  Oliv.  Enci/d.  Meth.  vi,  p.  677. 
Crabro  tenebrionis,  Christ,  Naturg.  Im.  p.  216. 
Vespa  affinis,  Fabr.  Mant.  Ins.  i,  p.  287  ;  Sauss.  Mon.  Gmp.  Soc. 
p.  154 ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  118. 

$  or  ? .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  punctured,  with  erect  stiff 
hairs  springing  from  the  punctures ;  the  clypeus  nearly  square, 
emarginate  anteriorly,  closely  and  strongly  punctured ;  the  punc- 
tures on  the  rest  of  the  head,  on  the  thorax  and  abdomen,  few  and 

scattered;  median  segment  entirely  smooth, 
ira punctate,  the  medial  groove  short,  deep 
at  base,  barely  continued  to  the  apex  of 
the  segment.  Head,  the  pronotum,  tegulse, 
and  scutellum  brownish  red  ;  the  2nd  abdo- 
minal segment  bright  yellow,  with  its  base 
narrowly  black ;  the  rest  of  the  thorax 
and  abdomen  black ;  legs  black,  getting 
reddish  brown  towards  the  tarsi,  and  in 
certain  lights  covered  with  a  ferruginous 
golden  pile  ;  wings  dark  fuscous  brow-n, 
paler  along  their  apical  margins. 
V      cmcta  h  ^^^^^   abdominal  segment 

cspa  ci  .6-      reddish,  with  an  obscure  clouding  of  yellow 

on  the  sides  ;  wings  ferruginous. 

Var.  (b).  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen,  except  the  2ad  segment, 
entirely  black ;  the  2nd  segment  deep  yellow. 


VESPA. 


403 


Var.  (c).  The  Isfc  segment  also  yellow  above,  more  or  less 
clouded  with  fuscous  black  on  the  middle  and  sides. 

Vcir.  (d).  The  yellow  on  the  2ud  segment  shaded  with  fuscous 
black,  especially  on  the  sides. 

Var.  («).  The  basal  three  segments  more  or  less  yellow. 

Far.  (/).  The  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  reddish  brown,  very 
fine  and  silky,  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  pale  yellow. 

Hab.  Throughout  India,  Burma,  Tenasserim,  Ceylon,  extending 
into  the  Malayan  region.     $ .  Length  28-32 ;  exn.  62-70  mm 
^.  Length  22-25- ;  exp.  60-64  mm. 

After  comparison  of  a  large  series  of  all  the  forms,  I  am  unable 
to  find  any  constant  structural  or  colour  difference  between 
V.  cincta  and  V.  affinis.  The  latter  varies  as  to  size,  but  the 
measurements  of  a  large  number  of  neuters  give : — Length  17-23  ; 
exp.  54-62  mm. 

699.  Vespa  orientalis.    (PI.  III.  fig.  4.) 

Linn.  Syst.  Nat.,  Mant.  p.  540 ;  Sams.  Mon.  GuSp.  Soc.  v.  132  • 

Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  117. 
Vespa  turcica,  Drury,  III.  Exot.  Ins.  ii,  t.  39,  fig.  1. 
Crabro  fusca,  Christ,  Naturg.  Ins.  p.  216. 
Vespa  ajgyptiaca,  Vallot,  Tahl.  de  Reaum.  p.  170. 
Vespa  nilotica,  Vallot,  Tabl.  de  Reaum.  p.  170. 

2  or  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth;  the  clypeus  with 
regular  but  spai-se  and  very  fine  shallow  punctures,  "bilobed  or 
emarginate  anteriorly;  scutellum  and  postscutellum  prominent, 
but  not  overhanging  the  median  segment.  Light  chestnut-red  \ 
the  clypeus  dull  orange-yellow  ( 2  ),  brighter  sulphur-yellow  { 
a  Ime  on  the  scape  in  front,  the  apical  margin  of  the  1st  abdominal 
segment  narrowly  above,  and  the  3rd  and  4th  segments  pale  sulphur- 
yellow,  the  yellow  on  the  1st  segment  emarginate  anteriorly,  the 
extreme  base  of  the  :ird  and  4th  segments  with  a  small  spot  on 
each  side  above  reddish  brown  ;  wings  flavo-hyaline. 

Zr«6.  South  of  Europe  ;  Greece;  Turkey;  Egypt;  the  Puniab  ; 
North- West  Provinces.  2-  Length  22-25:  'exp.  54-58  mm 
$.  Length  17-22 ;  exp.  47-51  mm. 

700.  Vespa  basalis.  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  new  ser.  ii,  1862  p  46  9  • 

Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  148 ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  119. 
Vespa  obliterata,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1852,  p.  47  H  •  Sauii 
Mon.  Gtcep.  Soc.  p.  149 ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  119.  ^      '  ^  ' 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  with  a  fine  silky  lustre  • 
clypeus  broader  than  long,  deeply  bilobed  anteriorly ;  mesonotum 
with  a  medial  longitudinally  impressed  line  anteriorly;  scutellum 
and  postscutellum  prominent,  the  former  with  a  fine  medial  longi- 
tudinal carina,  the  latter  bulging,  overhanghig  the  median  segment 
which  IS  concavo-truncate  posteriorly.  Head,  thorax  legs,  and  the 
basal  abdominal  segment  a  sort  of  duU  testaceous  vellow,  clouded 
irregularly  with  dark  browo,  and  covered  with  "a  golden  pile 
which  in  fresh  specimens  is  remarkably  brilliant  and  glistening- 

2d2 


TESPIBiE. 

the  9nd  and  following  segments  of  the  abdomen  very  dark  brown 
tbe  _nc  ana  lo         b    b        with  a  short  subapical  transverse 

Id  t^^dttheldS  above,  and  some  irregular  black  spots  on 
each  sk°e  near  the  base;  wings  flavo-hyaliue,  the  costal  and 
upper  part  of  the  medial  cell  in  the  fore  wing  deep  yellowish 

^'Tsimilar;  the  mesonotum  and  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen 

°  T^fwhole  insect  dull  testaceous  yellow,  with  a  very 
brilliant  golden  pile  in  certain  lights.  _ 
Wnh    likhim  at  low  elevations;   Northern  India,  Obma, 
Bunna  ;  Tenarserim ;  Ceylon  ;  Malabar^    2  .  Lencjil.  20-23  ;  e.p. 
50-52  mm.     ^  •  Length  17-19  ;  eccp.  44-46  mm. 

701   Vespa  bicolor,  Fahr.  Mant.  Ins  A,  p.  288;  Sans..  Man.  Gnep. 
Soc.  p.  143 ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p. 
X    Qi;„uiv  -nnbescent  with  fine,  rather  stiff  erect  hairs, 
$  or  ^  .  .Sl^g'Snfe  the  vertex  of  the  head  and  the  mesonotum 
smooth  and  impunctate,  the  verreiui  sulnhm-vellow :  the 

only  sparsely  and  finely  punctured^  .l^^^^^tH .ertei  and 
front  from  ^  f  [^^^^^ove  the  b^^^  ^^^^^  ^ 

occiput  of  the  neaa,         =    1         ,  k  the  scutellum  and 

antennee,  a  medial  longitudinal  blacli  ime  on  Y-shaped 

postscntellnm  not  ^^-^^^-S^'^Svlft^^^^^^ 
!nark  on  the       XSaSlmh  a  5^       and  the  apical  seg- 
fche  apex  also  of  the  2nd  'abdominal  segments, 

nientVnerally  black  ^  basal  anj^         2    e,  occasionally^haded 

riJwf^iSZ^n^X^iS^^^  ^'-^ 

702.  Vespa  structor,  S^nitk,  Trans.  Zool.  Soc.  vii,  p.  191,  pL  xxi, 

•    5  .  Sad?thorax,  and  abdomen  —  rfeaK 

hai?s,  which  -'^^r^ti^e  Jdia^segment,  and  apical  margins 
the  scutellum,  sides  of        median  «  §       ,  j^,^  the 

of  abdominal  fg-^^t t^oductS  transverse ;  the  hea^^ 
middle  anteriorly  broadly  pioduce^^  reaching  very 

much  narrower  than  the  'J^^^.^ies ;  the'scutelluni  very 

nearly  down  to  >3a^^^^^^^  the  postscutellum  and  median  seg- 
large,  transverse,  and  f^^bose  ,  tu   p  prominence  of  the 

ment  vertical,  "uow,  the  thorax  black;  the 

scutellum  Head  and  abdon^^^  Sus  cloud;  the  anterior  and 
vertex  and  front         YnSnot^^^  the  tegute,  the  lateral  angles 


YESPA. 


405 


anteriorly  with  a  broad  streak  from  base  black;  wings  brownish 

b^silnilar,  but  with  the  femora  at  apex,  tibise,  and  tarsi  only 
yellow;  abdomen  reddish  yellow,  with  the  basal  margins  oj  all 
the  segments  black ;  the  black  bauds  narrow,  produced  angularly 
back  fa  the  middle,  and  irregularly  notched  on  their  posterior 

margins.  ,.   ,     .  , 

/  Very  similar  to  the  ^  ,  but  the  thorax  entirely  intense 
black  only  the  posterior  margins  o£  the  pronotum  bright  yellow, 
a  black  elongate  spot  on  each  side  of  abdominal  segments  2-5  above ; 

antennas  very  long.  t-     .7  i  c 

Lab.  Biusur,  Kumaun  ;  Sikhim  up  to  8000  ft.  2  •  Length  15  ; 
e.vp.AOmm.  Lencjth  10-11;  exp.  32  mm.  6-  Length  \6; 
exp.  32  mm. 

703.  Tespa  velutina,  Zepel.  mjm.  i,  p.  507;  Sauss.  Mon.  Guep.Soc. 
p.  144,  $  ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  119. 

5  or  5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pubescent,  with  soft  erect 
hairs,  longer  on  the  head  and  thorax  than  on  the  abdomen,  this 
last  having  a  soft  velvety  appearance;  clypeus  lightly  convex, 
slightly  produced  and  transverse  anteriorly ;  the  sides  oblique,  the 
mill-gin  in  the  middle  and  on  the  sides  waved;  scutellum  with 
a  medial  longitudinally  impressed  line,  convex  and  somewhat 
prominent ;  the  postscutellum  and  median  segment  vertical.  Dark 
velvety  brown  or  black ;  the  clypeus,  inner  and  outer  orbits  broadly 
interrupted  above,  and  the  front  of  the  scape  of  the  autenna5  orange ; 
the  posterior  margin  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment  narrowly, 
the  anterior  tibias  on  the  inside  and  all  the  tarsi  bright  yellow  : 
the  posterior  margins  of  abdominal  segments  2-4  broadly  ferru- 
ginous yellow,  broadening  still  more  on  the  sides,  the  5th  and  6th 
segments  ferruginous  brown,  the  apical  margin  of  the  5th  slightly 
lighter  brown  ;  wings  brownish  hyaline. 

Far.  The  colours  in  some  specimens  brighter,  in  others  much 
duller. 

Hab.  Kumaun  (Miss  A.  BrooJc) ;  Sikhim  (Mdller)  ;  Bm-ma  ; 
Teuasserim  ;  China ;  Java.  $  .  Length  16-18  ;  exp.  40-42  mm. 
5  .  Length  14-17  ;  exp.  40  mm. 


704.  Vespa  analis,  Fabr.  Syst.  mt.  p.  36-3 ;  Zepel.  Hym.  i,  p.  508 ; 
Sauss.  Mon.  Gtiep.  Soc.  p.  15-2 ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  118. 

2  or  5 .  Clypeus  coarsely  and  closely  punctured,  square, 
emarginate  anteriorly  ;  head  albove  and  the  thorax  in  front  more 
finely  and  sparsely  punctured ;  abdomen  smooth,  finely  silky ; 
scutellum  much  raised  and  longitudinally  grooved.  Head,  thorax, 
1st  abdominal  segment,  and  basal  half  of  the  2nd  brownish 
yellow ;  the  rest  of  the  abdomen  dark  brown,  the  same  colour 
suffuses  the  apex  of  the  mesonotum,  the  median  segment  posteriorly, 
and  the  legs  ;  the  head  and  thorax  with  erect  black  hairs,  rather 


406 


TESPIIJiE. 


dense  on  the  posterior  lateral  margins  of  the  median  segment,  the 
posterior  margin  broadly  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  and  very 
narrowly  of  segments  3-5,  the  whole  of  the  6th  and  a  spot  on 
each  side  above  on  segments  2-5,  yellow,  the  spots  on  the  2nd 
segment  opening  anteriorly  into  the  brownish-yellow  band  at  the 
base ;  wings  flavo-hyaline,  brownish  along  the  costal  margin  as  far 
as  the  base  of  the  1st,  cubital  cell  in  the  fore  wing. 

Var.  With  the  clypeus  and  face  between  the  antennae,  the 
thorax,  and  abdomen  brown  or  reddish  brown  ;  the  A'ertex  and 
cheeks,  some  indistinct  shadings  on  the  pro-  and  mesonotum,  the 
scutellum,  and  base  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment  yellow ;  abdominal 
segments  2-5  with  a  yellow  spot  on  each  side  above. 

JIab.  India  (SmitJi) ;  Kumaua  {Hiss  A.  Broolc).  5 .  Length 
25;  exp.  5fi  mm.     5.  Lenrjth  20  ;  exp.  50  mm. 

705.  Vespa  flaviceps,  Smith,  Trans.  Zool.  Soc.        p.  191,  $  &  , 

pi.  xxi,  fig.  10  $,  11 

$  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  with  erect  black  hairs, 
densest  on  the  front  and  vertex  of  the  head  and  apex  and  sides  of 
the  median  segment ;  clypeus  slightly  convex,  short,  rounded 
above  and  on  the  sides,  slightly  produced  anteriorly,  the  apex 
transverse  ;  the  scutellum  only  slightly  raised ;  abdomen  broad, 
suddenly  acute  at  apex.  Elack  ;  the  head  except  the  flagellum  of 
the  antennae  and  a  square  spot  enclosing  the  [ocelli,  the  margins 
of  the  pronotum,  of  the  scutellum  and  postscutellum  anteriorly,  a 
spot  on  each  side  of  the  apex  of  the  median  segment,  a  spot  on  each 
side  under  the  wings,  a  transverse  band  on  the  basal  three  abdominal 
segments,  and  all  the  4th  and  5th,  except  an  ovate  black*  spot  on 
each  side,  yellow ;  legs  yellow,  variegated  with  ferruginous  ;  wings 
flavo-hyaline. 

^  similar,  smaller  ;  differs  in  ha^^ng  the  scape  of  the  antennge 
yellow  only  on  the  front,  the  black  more  extended  on  the  vertex 
of  the  head,  and  the  whole  of  the  abdominal  segments  with  broad 
transverse  yellow  bands  on  their  apical  margins,  sometimes  also 
an  interrupted  yellow  line  at  the  base  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment ; 
wings  clear  hyaline. 

Hah.  Binsur,  Kumaun  ;  Sikhim  at  low  elevations ;  Tenasserim 
(rare).  ?.  Lengtli  11-12;  e.rj3.  28-30  mm.  ^.  Length  8-9; 
exp.  24  mm. 

706.  Vespa  vivax,  Smith,  Trans.  Zool.  Soc.  vii,  p.  190,  pi.  xxi, 

fig.  9,  ^. 

.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  covered  with  long,  erect,  some- 
what thickly-set  black  hairs,  beneath  this  covering  the  head  smooth 
but  not  shining;  the  thorax  and  abdomen  densely  pruinose. 
Black  ;  the  head,  the  apex  of  the  femora,  the  tibia?  and  tarsi,  a 
broad  band  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the  1st  and  3rd  abdominal 
segments,  a  very  narrow  one  on  the  posterior  margins  of  the 
2nd,  4th,  and  5th  segments,  and  the  whole  of  the  6th  segment 


TESPA. 


407 


yellow  ;  a  blaclc  ring-like  mark  on  the  front  of  the  head,  broad  where 
it  paesses  over  the  ocelli,  slightly  extended 
into  the  emargination  of  the  eyes  laterally, 
and  reduced  to  a  line  line  above  the  base 
of  the  clypeus  ;  the  scape  and  basal  joint 
of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennaj  beneath 
yellow;  the  broad  yellow  band  on  the 
margin  of  the  3rd  abdominal  segment  is 
broadly  emarginate-  on  each  side  on  its 
anterior  border  and  has  a  narrow  triangular 
incision  in  the  middle ;  wings  brownish 
hyaline. 

^9g  'Hah.  Binsur,Kumauu;  Northern  India; 

respavfvax,9i.  \.      Sikhim,    8000  feet  (rare).  Length 
18-20  ;  exp.  50-52  mm. 

707.  Vespa  auraria.  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1852,  p.  46,  pi.  viii, 
fig.  8,  5  ;  Sauss.  Mo:i.  Guep.  Soc.  p.  147 ;  Smith,  Cat.  v,  p.  119. 

5 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  with  a  fine  silky 
appearance  and  sparsely  scattered  erect  haii's;  the  vei-tex  and 
front  of  the  head  and  mesonotum  sparsely  punctured.  Golden 
brown  with,  in  certain  lights,  a  rich  glistening  pile  ;  the  head,  pro- 
notum,  and  scutellum  reddish  brown ;  mesonotum  a  darker  brown 
with  a  U-shaped  mark  on  the  disc,  posteriorly  touching  the 
scutellum,  of  brighter  golden  brown  ;  the  bases  of  the  1st  and  2nd 
abdominal  segments  brown,  their  margins  and  the  visible  part  of 
the  remaining  segments  covered  with  a  rich  golden  pile;  wings 
brownish  hyaline. 

^  very  similar,  smaller :  the  posterior  margins  of  the  1st  and 
2nd  abdominal  segments  narrowly  yellow:  the  3rd  yellow,  with  an 
irregular  mark  at  base  above,  nearly  reaching  the  posterior  margin  in 
the  middle,  brown ;  the  4th  entirely  yellow  except  for  a  very  narrow 
medial  longitudinal  brown  line ;  the  5th  yellow  at  base,  irregularly 
festooned  with  brown  along  the  posterior  margin  ;  the  6th  entirely 
brown. 

Hub.  Northern  India  (Smith) ;  Kumaun  (Miss  A.  Broolc) ; 
Tenasserim.  $.  Length  21;  exp.  40  mm.  Length  15-17; 
exp.  36-38  mm. 


408" 


C0L1BTIDJ3. 


Tbibe  anthophila. 

Family  COLLETlDiE. 

Non-social  beeS  usually  of  small  size.  Head  elongate  or  sub- 
triangular  ;  the  tongue  short,  broad,  obtuse  and  emarginaie  at  apex ; 
tboi-ax  and  abdomen  ovate. 

No  parasitic  forms  are  known  in  this  family,  of  which  only  two 
genera  are  found  within  our  limits. 

Key  to  the  Genera. 

a.  Fore  wing  with  three  cubital  cells    OolU!Te.s,  p.  408. 

h.  Fore  wiug  with  two  cubital  cells   Phosopis,  p.  409. 


Genus  COLLETES. 

CoUetes,  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  iii,  p.  372  (1802). 

Evodia,  Pane.  Krit.  Revis.  Faun.  DeutscM.  ii,  p.  207  (1806). 

Type.  C.  succincta,  Linn. 

Range.  Both  hemisphei*es.  _  •  u  i 

Head  from  front  subtriangular,  ocelli  arranged  in  a  shghtly 
curved  line  nearly  straight  on  the  vertex  ;  antenna}  filiform  ; 
tongue  broad,  slightly  emarginate  at  apex;  the  labial  pa  pi 
4-jointed,  each  joint  slightly  thickened  at  apex  ;  maxillary  pal  in 
G-jointed,  nearly  equal.    Thorax  steep  or  truncate  posteriorly,  wi  th 


Fig.  127. 


1  2  3 

-  Colletes.    1 ,  maxilla ;  2,  labium  ;  3,  face  from  froat. 


the  basal  space  more  or  less  rugose  :  fore  Mings  Avith  one  radial  and 
three  cubital  cells ;  the  1st  cubital  nearly  equal  in  length  on  the 
cubital  nervure  to  the  2nd  and  3rd  united,  the  :^ud  slightly  narrowed 
towards  the  radial  cell,  receiving  the  1st  recurrent  nerviu-e  near 
the  middle  :  the  3rd  cubital  cell  restricted  above  towards  the  radial, 
about  half  as  wide  above  as  below,  receiving  the  2nd  recurrent 
nervure  in  its  apical  half  ;  legs  of  moderate  size,  pubescent,  the 


COLLETBS. — PEOSOPIS. 


409 


Fig.  1-28.— CoUetes 
dudgeonii,  2-    !  • 


tibial  calcaria  of  the  posterior  legs  subequal,  about  half  the  length 
ot  the  basal  joint  of  the  tarsi.  Abdomen  broadly  ovato-pyrifo  m. 
'tZZsJs  belonging  to  thi-pecies make  their  burrows  in  h^^^^ 
sand  or  in  the  mortar  between  the  stones  in  old  vvaUs.  No  species,  i 
Sve  has  hitherto  been  recorded  from  India.  The  one  described 
be  ow  i  found  tunnelling  into  the  hard  earth  of  a  cutting  on  the 
road  along  the  Eangit  stream  leading  to  Kalimpong  m  Sikhim,  m 
April  lS9-i. 

708.  Colletes  dudgeonii,  n.  sp.  ■ 

0  Head  above  on  the  vertex  with  a  few  fine  punctures,  the 
thorax  somewhat  coarsely  and  closely  punctured,  abdomen  smooth, 
onaaue  •  clypeus  rounded  anteriorly  and  narrowed,  convex  ;  eyes 
opaq    ,     jv        convergent  beneath ;  median  segment  truncate 

posteriorly,  coarsely  longitudinally  rugose  at 
base,  with  a  medial  furrow  to  the  apex,  the 
posterior  face  on  each  side  of  the  furrow  and 
below  the  rugose  space  at  base  smooth.  Black ; 
the  clypeus,  front,  region  of  the  ocelli,  cheeks, 
and  posterior  face  and  sides  of  the  median  seg- 
ment with  long,  white  pubescence ;  the  meso- 
notum  and  scutellum  with  scattered  black  erect 
hairs ;  the  legs  covered  with  a  soft  white  down, 
somewhat  long  on  the  femora;  the  posterior 
margins  of  segments  1-5  of  the  abdomen  with 
transverse  bands  of  dense  short  white  pubescence  the  bases  of 
the  4th  and  5th  segments  and  the  pygidium  covered  with  longish 
black  hairs;  wings  hyaUne,  sUghtJy  fuscescent;  nervures  dark 
brown,  teguloe  black. 

Hab.  Eangit  VaUey,  4000  ft.,  Sikhim.    $  .  Length  12;  ea;p.  24  mm. 

Genus  PEOSOPIS. 
Prosopis,  Fabr.  Si/st.  Fiez.  p.  293  (1804)  ;  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  18  (1853). 
Type,  P.  communis,  Nyl. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  from  front  elongate,  flat,  as  wide  as  the  thorax;  ocelli 
in  a  triangle  on  the  vertex;  the  tongue  sub- 
emarginate  at  the  apex  ;  labial  palpi  4- 
jointed;  maxillary  palpi  G-jointed  ;  eyes 
more  or  less  convergent  beneath.  Thorax 
oval,  the  median  segment  with  a  cordiform 
or  triangular  space  at  base,  generally  more 
or  less  rugose ;  legs  slight,  short :  wings 
ample ;  fore  wing  with  the  radial  cell  broad 
at  base,  acutely  pointed  at  apex ;  two 
cubital  cells  receiving  the  two  recurrent 
nervures,  the  shape  of  the  cubital  cells  and 
the  points  at  which  the  recurrent  nervures 
are  received  varying  considerably. 


Fig.  129. — Frosopis. 
1,  labium  ;  2,  maxilla  : 
much  enlarged. 
(Smith,  Cat.  i,  pi.  vi.) 


410 


OOLLETIDjE. 


Nothing  is  on  record  of  the  habits  of  the  Indian  species.  The 
European  species  bore  holes  for  their  nests  in  bramble-sticks,  and 
in  the  holes  construct  cells  lined  with  a  thin  transparent  membrane 
calculated  to  retain  the  honey  with  which  they  fill  the  cells. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Joints  of  antennsB  not  distinct. 

a.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median  segment 

finely  rugose. 

a'.  Front  with  a  Y-shaped  carina   P.  mixta,  p.  410. 

h' .  Front  not  carinate. 

a'^.  Median  segment  posteriorly  with  a 

medial  longitudinal  carina   P.  strenua,  p.  411. 

V^.  Median  segment  not  carinate    P.  mustela,  p.  411. 

b.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median  segment 

coarsely  rugose,  sometimes  reticulate. 
a'.  Head  finely  punctured. 

Tarsi  black   P.feai,  p.  411. 

i^.  Tarsi  yellow. 

a^.  No  yellow  mark  on  clypeus   P.fervida,  p.  412. 

b'^.  An  oblong  yellow  spot  on  clypeus  .    P.  scuttda,  p.  412. 
b' .  Head  coarsely  punctured. 

a^.  A  spot  on  each  side  of  basal  abdo- 
minal segment  covered  with  grey 

pubescence   P.  absoluta,  p.  412. 

b'^.  Basal  abdominal  segment  with  no 

pubescent  spot   P.  bellicosa,  p.  413. 

B.  Joints  of  antennee  distinct,  moniliform  ....    P.  monilicornis,  p.  413. 

709.  Prosopis  mixta,  Smith,  A.  M.  N.  H.  (2)  ix,  1852,  p.  60,  $  ;  id. 
Cat.  i,  p.  30. 

Prosopis  leucotarsis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  a  few  scattered  punc- 
tures on  the  apical  margins  of  the  2nd  and  following  segments  ; 
face  slightly  elongate ;  clypeus   flat,  produced  anteriorly,  front 
above  it  carinate,  the  carina  forking  below  the 
anterior  ocellus,  the  lateral  branches  running 
one  on  each  side  up  to  the  posterior  ocelli ;  a 
deep  hollow  round  the  base  of  each  antenna ; 
median  segment  roundly  steep  at  the  sides  and 
posteriorly,  the  enclosed  space  at  base  above 
slightly  concave,  finely  rugose.    Black,  shining ; 
the  clypeus,  the  face  just  above  it,  and  the 
Fig.  I30.-Prosopis    tubercles  yeUow ;  the  apical  four  joints  of  the 
mixta,  5 .   f .       tarsi  and  the  apical  margins  of  abdominal  seg- 
ments 2-5  rufo-testaceous  ;  the  tibise  and  tarsi, 
the  apical  half  of  the  2nd,  and  the  whole  of  the  foUomng  abdo- 
minal segments  clothed  thinly  with  pale  ghttering  hairs ;  wings 
hyaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  and  tegulas  very  pale  testaceous. 
Bab.  India  (SmitJi).     $  .  Length  5  ;  exp.  9  mm. 


PBOSOPI8. 


411 


710.  Prosopis  streaua,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch,  L.  Vh.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

2 .  Head  and  thorax  somewhat  coarsely  and  closely,  abdomen 
more  sparsely  and  sliallowly  punctured ;  head  with  the  front  and 
the  ocellar  region  raised,  the  raised  portion  narrowing  between  the 
bases  of  the  antennte  ;  the  median  segment  with  the  middle  raised, 
the  raised  portion  forming  a  triangle,  rugose,  and  bordered  by  a 
smooth  space,  rounded  at  the  apex,  beyond  which  is  a  stout  keel, 
the  apex  of  the  median  segment  concavo-truncate.  Elack  and 
shining ;  a  large  spot  on  the  apex  of  the  clypeus,  a  broad  line  on 
the  inner  orbits  not  reaching  the  vertex,  a  line  interrupted  in  the 
middle  on  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  the  anterior  tibite  in  frontand 
the  tarsi,  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibiis  at  base  and  the  tarsi, 
yellow  ;  antennfe  fulvous  beneath  ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  brown. 

Mab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.     $  .  Length  6 ;  exp.  12  mm. 

711.  Prosopis  mustela,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mm.  Civ,  Gen.  (2*)  xiv,  1894, 

p.  446,  ?. 

2  .  Head  lightly  punctured,  thorax  and  abdomen  nearly  impunc- 
tate ;  clypeus  slightly  convex,  depressed  and  lightly  emarginate  at 
apex ;  median  segment  with  a  somewhat  steep  slope  posteriorly, 
the  sides  very  finely  rugose,  opaque,  the  space  at  base  cordiform 
and  obsoletely  very  slightly  scabrous.  Black,  shining  and  smooth  ; 
a  spot  near  the  apex  of  the  clypeus,  a  subtriangular  elongate  spot 
on  each  side  of  it,  an  interrupted  line  on  the  pronotum,  the 
tubercles,  a  spot  on  the  tegulse  anteriorly,  the  anterior  tibiae  above, 
the  posterior  tibiee,  and  the  base  of  the  tarsi  yellow  ;  flagellum  of 
the  antenuEe  testaceous  towards  the  apex  ;  wings  hyaline. 

Hab.  Karen  Hills,  Burma  ;  Tenasserim.  2  •  Lengili  4-5  ;  exp, 
9  mm. 

712.  Prosopis  feai,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xiv,  1894,  p.  444, 

.   .  .  . 

Prosopis  striatifrons,  Cam.  Mem.  Maneh.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

2 .  Head  and  thorax  closely,  finely,  and  evenly  punctured ; 
abdomen  shining,  much  more  finely  and  sparsely  punctured,  the 
punctures  also  much  more  superficial ;  head 
almost  subtriangular,  narrowed  anteriorly,  with 
the  eyes  distinctly  convergent  below  ;  median 
segment  roundly  steep  posteriorly,  the  sides 
compressed,  a  Y-shaped  furrow  on  the  posterior 
face  of  the  segment,  the  space  enclosed  between 
the  base  of  the  segment  and  the  lateral  branches 
of  the  Y  somewhat  coarsely  reticulate  and  ru- 
gose.   Jet-black  ;  the  clypeus,  the  face  on  each 
Fig.  131.— Prosopis     side  as  high  as  the  base  of  the  antenna),  a  line 
feai,  cj.   f.  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  a  spot  on  the 

anterior  tibise,  and  an  annulus  on  the  base  of 
the  posterior  tibia),  yellow;  antennae  black,  the  flagellum  sometimes 
obscurely  f ulvescent  beneath  ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  piceous. 


412  COLLETlDiE. 

cJ  similar,  more  slender ;  the  eyes  somewhat  large  in  propor- 
tion and  more  strongly  convergent  beneath,  the  autenna3  longer, 
the  flagellum  dull  castaneous  brown  beneath. 

Var.  With  the  yellow  markings  on  the  head  and  legs  sometimes 
more,  sometimes  less  developed. 

Hah.  Upper  and  Lower  Burma ;  Tenasserim  ;  Sikhim.  ?  . 
Length  5-7  ;  exj^).  14-15  mm.     d  .  Length  0-5 ;  exy.  13  mm. 

*713.  Prosopis  fervida,  Sinith,  2nd  Tarh.  Miss.,  Jlyin.  p.  1,  ?  • 

"  $  .  Black  :  the  head  closely  and  finely  punctured  ;  a  yellow 
line  on  each  side  of  the  face  along  the  margin  of  the  eyes  ;  the 
flagellum  of  the  antennas  fulvous,  slightly  fuscous  above.  Thorax 
punctured  above  aud  shining;  the  metathorax  rugose  in  the 
middle  of  its  base  ;  the  collar,  tubercles,  tegulffi,  the  anterior  tibis6 
and  tarsi,  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibise  at  their  base  aud 
their  tarsi  yellow  ;  the  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent ;  theii-  nervures 
towards  their  base  pale  testaceous,  beyond  fuscous.  Abdomen 
shining,  very  finely  and  closely  punctured  ;  the  apical  margins  of  the 
segments  riifo-testaceous.  Pemale,  length,  2|  lines  (= about 
6  mm.). 

"  Hab.  Sind  Valley,  Kashmir." 

714.  Prosopis  scutula,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xiv,  1894, 
p.  446,  $. 

?  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured,  the 
last  shming,  the  punctures  very  minute  and  shallow  ;  head  very  httle 
produced  anteriorly,  scarcely  triangular,  the  eyes  strongly  convergent 
below  ;  median  segment  truncate  posteriorly,  the  sides  somewhat 
rounded,  the  posterior  face  of  the  truncation  bearing  a  Y-shaped 
furrow,  the  space  between  the  base  of  the  segment  and  the  lateral 
branches  of  the  furrow  coarsely  reticulate  ;  abdomen  broadly  ova . 
Black :  an  oblong  mark  on  the  clypeus,  an  elongate  tnaugular  mark 
on  each  side  of  the  latter,  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  the  knees, 
the  base  broadly  of  the  tibise  and  the  tarsi,  yellow  ;  wings  hyaline 
nervures  pale  testaceous  yellow ;  tegulis  black,  sometimes  hordered 
anteriorly  with  yellow.  .    ^  m 

Hah.  Shwegu,  Upper  Burma ;  Thaungym  Valley,  Tenasserim. 

5  .  Length  5-5  ;  exj).  10  mm. 

715.  Prosopis  ahsoluta,  Cam.  Mem.  3Ianch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

2  Head  and  mesonotum  closely  and  somewhat  coarsely  punc- 
tured, the  punctures  running  into  indistinct  strias;  the  scuteUum 
and  postscutellum  sparsely,  the  sides  of  the  med.au  segment 
closely  and  finely  punctured  ;  a  large  triangular  space  at  base 
coarse'ly  transversely  rugose,  the  apex  of  tl.e  ^^gn-nt^trunca  e  .^h 
a  broad  smooth  furrow  running  from  the  apex-  of  the  enclosed 
space  to  the  apex  of  the  segment;  abdomen  with  the  basal  seg- 
S  smooth  and  shming,  the  2ud  and  apical  -g--^^^^^-^^ 
punctured.    Black;  a  spot  at  the  apex  and  a  lunate  spot  at  the 


PBOSOPIS. 


413 


base  of  the  clypeus,  a  line  broadest,  in  the  middle  along  the  inner 
orbits,  another  line  on  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  the  teguto,  the 
anterior  tibia?  above  and  the  posterior  tibia)  at  base,  yellow  ;  the 
antenn.-B  fulvous  beneath  ;  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  with 
a  lateral  elongated  spot  of  greyish  pubescence ;  wmgs  hyahne, 
nervures  pale  testaceous.  ^  m 

Hah.  Barrackpore,  Bengal.     $  .  Lengtli  5 ;  exp.  9  mm.  lype 
in  coll.  Eothney, 

716.  Prosopis  bellicosa,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

(5 .  Head  and  the  sides  of  the  median  segment  coarsely  and 
closely,  mesonotum,  scutellum,  postscutellam,  and  abdomen  more 
finely  punctured,  the  last  slightly  pubescent,  the  punctures  on  the 
head  running  into  strife;  median  segment  with  a  subtriangular 
space  at  base  coarsely  transversely  rugose,  with  posteriorly  and  on 
the  sides  an  impunctate  smooth  area  bordered  by  a  well-marked 
V-shaped  furrow,  contmued  from  the  angle  of  the  V  in  a  median 
Hne  to  the  apex  of  the  segment.  Black ;  a  pyramidal  spot  at  the 
apex  of  the  clypeus,  a  line  on  the  inner  orbits  broadest  m  the 
middle  and  sUghtly  emarginate  above  the  base  of  the  antennae, 
a  line  interrupted"  in  the  middle  on  the  pronotum,  the  tubercle, 
and  the  tegulte  yellow ;  the  legs  variegated  brownish  ferruginous 
and  yellow  ;  the  antennae  beneath,  the  raised  portion  at  the  base  ot 
the  median  segment,  and  the  truncated  apex  of  the  latter  obscurely 
piceous  brown ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  dark  brown. 

Hah.  Barrackpore.  6  ■  Length  6 ;  eccp.  11  mm.  Type  in  coll. 
Eothney. 

*717.  Prosopis  monilicornis. 

Hylffius  monilicornis,  Motsck.  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.  xsxvi,  pt.  2, 
1863,  p.  24. 

Prosopis  monilicornis,  Ball  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  27. 
"  Elongate,  punctured,  shining,  black,  abdomen  subseneous,  the 
palpi  and  tarsi  rufescent,  the  front  and  sides  of  the  thorax  and 
the  tibife  with  cinereous  pile ;  head  orbicular,  depressed,  densely 
punctured,  anteriorly  rugose,  the  front  subconcave ;  eyes  large,  oval 
above,  slightly  narrowed  below  ;  autennse  about  half  the  length  of 
the  body,  incrassate,  the  joints  subquadrate,  slightly  moniliform ; 
head  about  as  wide  as  the  thorax  ;  the  latter  subconvex,  triangular, 
pimctured,  narrowed  posteriorly  and  arched :  abdomen  narrower 
than  the  head,  oblong,  shining,  sparsely  pubescent,  the  basal  seg- 
,  ment  lightly  rugulose.    Length  2  lines  (=about  5  mm.)." 
Hah.  Ceylon. 


414 


Family  APID^. 

This  family  contains  both  social  and  non-social  bees,  and  is 
distinguished  by  having  the  tongue  acute  at  the  apex,  never  emaryiivite, 
generally  narrow  and  sometimes  remarkably  long.  In  form  and  in 
the  amount  and  character  of  the  pubescent  covering  the  genera 
vary  considerably. 

Key  to  the  Genera. 

A.  Fore  wing  with  three  cubital  cells. 

a.  Maxillary  pnlpi  6-jointed. 

«'.  Posterior  tibiae  densely  pubescent. 
a'.  Ocelli  in  a  curve  on  vertex. 

a".  Abdomen  with  an  anal  longitudinal 
rima  (  2  ) ;  clypeus  and.  face  elon- 
gate (cJ)    Halictus,  p.  419. 

b^.  Abdomen  without  any  anal  rima  (  $  ) ; 
clypeus  and  face  not  elongate  ( cJ ). 

a*.  Labrum  bai-ely  exserted    Nomia,  p.  447. 

bK  Labrum  much  exserted,  prominent.    Tetbalonia,  p.  520. 
b''.  Ocelli  in  a  triangle  on  vertex. 

a^.  Labrum  much  exserted,  prominent, 
a''.  First  recurrent  nervure  in  fore  wing 
received  at  apex  of  2ud  cubital 
cell,  interstitial  with  2nd  trans- 
verse cubital  nervure    Habhopoda,  p.  521. 

J*.  First  recurrent  nervure  in  fore  wing 

received  at  middle  of  2nd  cubital  [p.  523. 

cell   Anthophoba, 

b^.  Labrum  only  slightly  exserted,  not 
prominent. 
a*.  Second  cubital  cell  in  fore  wing 

subquadrate   Andbena,  p.  440. 

J*.  Second  cubital  cell  elongate  sub- 
triangular,  the  inner  angle  pro- 
duced ,  ....    Xyxocopa,  p.  533. 

b'.  Posterior  tibiffi  not  densely  pubescent. 
a^.  Abdomen  much  narrowed  at  base,  sub- 

petiolate,  and  clavate   Nomada,  p.  463. 

Abdomen  pseudosessile,  not  narrowed 

much  towards  base. 
a'.  Ocelli  in  a  curve  on  vertex ;  2nd  and 
3rd  abdominal  segments  more  or  less 

laterally  produced    Systbopha,  p.  466. 

i'.  Ocelli  in  a  triangle  on  vertex  ;  2nd  and 
3rd  abdominal  segments  not  laterally 
produced, 
a*.  Colour  generally  black  and  red  ; 
2nd  cubital  cell  in  fore  wing  sub- 

quadi-ate    Sphecodes,  p.  416. 

J*.  Colour  generally  metallic  blue  or 
gi-een,  or  black  with  yellow  mark- 
iBgs  ;  2nd  cubital  cell  in  fore  wing 
in  shape  of  a  truncate  triangle  . .    Ceeatina,  p.  499. 

b.  Maxillary  palpi  5-jointed    Melkcta,  p.  515. 


415 


c.  Maxillary  palpi  2-jointecl. 

a'.  Pubescence  on  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen 

very  short,  thick,  and  close   CnociSA,  p.  515. 

b'.  Pubescence  on  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen 
very  long  and  dense. 
a^.  Posterior  tibite  bare,  concave  on  outside, 

and  fringed  with  long' curled  hairs  ..    BOMBtrs,  p.  54-1. 
b^.  Posterior  tibiro  densely  pubescent  and 
convex  on  outside,  the  fringe  of  hairs 

short  not  curled    Psithybus,  p.  555. 

d.  Maxillary  palpi  1-jointed   Apis,  p.  55b. 

B.  Fore  vring  with  two  cubital  cells. 

a.  Scutelluni  armed  with  a  lateral  tooth  pos- 

tei-iorly   Coelioxys,  p.  508. 

b.  Scutelluni  not  so  armed. 

a'.  Abdomen  ( J  )  furnished  vdth  a  ventral 
scopa  or  pollen-brush ;  ( cJ )  dentate  at 
apex. 

Abdomen  long,  narrow,  subcylindrical 
and  curved. 
a".  Apex  of  abdomen  (  5 )  simple ;  ( c?  ) 

armed  with  two  teeth   Hbhiades,  p.  507. 

b^.  Apex  with  a  median  longitudinal 

carina  and  a  tooth  on  each  side  { cf ).  [p.  467. 

2  unknown   Thaumatosoma, 

b''.  Abdomen  convex  above,  not  cylindrical 
nor  CMved. 
n'.  Maxillary  palpi  2-jointed. 

a*.  Second  recurrent  nervm-e  received 
distinctly  beyond  apex  of  2nd 

cubital  cell    Anthiditjm,  p.  490. 

6*.  Second  recurrent  nervure  received 
at  or  within  apex  of  2nd  cubital 

cell   Megachile,  p.  470. 

6'.  Maxillary  palpi  4-joLnted. 

o*.  Front  between  bases  of  antennae 

tuberculate    Lithuegus,  p.  469. 

b*.  Front  between  bases  of  antennas  not 

tuberculate    Osmia,  p.  468. 

c'.  Maxillary  palpi  6-jointed. 

a*.  Inner  tibial  spur  on  posterior  leg 
(  $ )  bent,  lunate,  with  a  row  of 

fine  minute  teeth  on  inside ;  an-  [p.  461. 

tennae  in  both  sexes  simple    ....  Ctenoplectba, 
b*.  Inner  tibial  spur  on  posterior  leg 

(  5  )  simple  ;  antennae  ( (5  )  with  [p.  460. 

apical  two  joints  dilated,  flat. . . .  Steganomus, 
b'.  Abdomen,  2  'without  a  ventral  scopa; 
cj  rounded  at  apex,  in  one  genus  tri- 
dentate. 

a^.  Maxillary  palpi  6-iointed   Allodape,  p.  605. 

b'^.  Maxillary  palpi  2-jointed. 
a'.  Apex  of  abdomen,  J  subangular, 

cJ  rounded    Stelis,  p.  496. 

P.  Apex  of  abdomen,  §  incised,  cJ  tri- 

dentate   Pabevaspis,  p.  496. 

C.  Fore  wing  with  one  complete  cubital  cell  or 

none    Mklipona  .p.  659. 


416 


APIDiE. 


2 

Fig.  V3''2.—Sphecodes.  1,  labium ; 
2,  maxilla:  much  enlarged. 
(Smith,  Cat.  i,  pi.  iii.) 


Genus  SPHECODES. 

Sphecodes,  Lair.  Hist.  Nat.  xiii,  p.  368  (1805). 

Type,  S.  gibhus.  Linn. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  as  wide  as  the  thorax ;  body  nearly  without  pyhescence ; 
front  broad,  inner  orbits  wide  apart,  parallel ;  ocelli  in  a  broad 

-  triangle  on  the  vertex  ;  tongue  acute, 
short,  not  folded;  labial  palpi  4- 
jointed,  the  1st  joint  nearly  as  long 
as  the  following  two,  apical  joint 
minute ;  paraglossas  very  small ;  max- 
illary palpi  6-jointed,  basal  joint  short, 
about  half  the  length  of  the  2nd, 
apical  four  joints  shorter  than  the 
2nd,  subequal.  Thorax  short,  broadly 
ovate  ;  legs  moderately  stout,  almost 
without  pubescence:  wings  mode- 
rately broad  and  long,  radial  cell 
acutely  pointed  at  apex ;  three  cubital 
cells,  the  1st  largest,  2nd  subquadrate, 
narrow,  3rd  slightly  restricted  towards  the  radial  cell,  the  2nd  and 
3rd  cubital  cells  receive  the  1st  and  2nd  recurrent  neryures  at 
their  apices  respectively.  Abdomen  elongate  ovate,  massive,  the 
margins  of  the  segments  often  constricted  »  , ,  . 

Nothing  is  as  yet  known  of  the  nesting-habits  of  the  few  Indian 
species  hitherto  recorded.    The  European  ^P<:eies  were  at  one 
time  supposed  to  be  parasitic  on  the  HahcU     Mr.  Y.  Smith 
however,  after  careful  observations,  seems  to  have  come  to  the 
conclusion  that  Sjohecodes  makes  burrows  like  Ealictus. 

Key  to  the  Sjpecies. 

a.  Legs  entirely  black. 
a'.  "Wings  fuscous. 

a^  Apical  margin  of  basal  ahdommal  seg- 
ment only  constricted.  -W-.o  -n  /ITR 

''■JSit°9™   S.»-~.P.418. 

6^  Length  5-6  mm. 

^pul'tured ''.'^  S.  cramm  p.  418. 
}fl  Head  and  thorax  smooth,  with  fine  ■  „  ^ir 

•    scattered  punctures    «•  -'f PiJ^^" 

6.  Legs  red,  coxm  only  black   S.  ruhnpes,  p.  419. 

718.  Sphecodes  apicatus,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  36,  ?;  BaU.  Torr.  Cat. 
X,  p.  1. 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  closely  and  coarsely,  abdomen  very  finely 


SPHKCODES. 


417 


and  more  sparsely  puncfcured,  the  punctures  closer  along  the  bases 
of  the   segments,  the   apical   margins  nearly 
impunctate  ;  clypeus  subtriangular,  very  convex, 
the  anterior  margin  transverse,  a  deep  medial 
vertical  groove  anteriorly,  not  reaching  the  base 
of  the  clypeus;  median  segment  truncate  pos- 
teriorly, with  the  space  at  base  concave,  coarsely 
^      longitudinally  striate  and   strongly  punc^u.-rc" 
Fig.  133.        between  the  stria3 ;  abdomen  shining,  the  apica^ 
Sphecodes  apica-     margin  of  the  basal  segment  constricted.  Head, 
ius,  $.   \.        thorax,  legs,  and  apical  abdominal  segment  black, 
basal  five  segments  blood-red;  sides  of  the  face 
and  the  clypeus  with  silvery  pubescence,  thin  and  sparse  on  the 
latter;  antennae  piceous  beneath;  wings  light  fuscous,  slightly 
hyaline  towards  the  base. 

Hah.  India  (Smith);  Pegu  Hills,  Burma.  $.  LenqtJi  8-9- 
exj).  17-18  mm.  ' 

719.  Sphecodes  famipennis.    (PI.  Ill,  fig.  6.) 

Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  36,  § ;  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  4. 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  densely  coarsely  cribrate ;  abdomen  shining 
much  more  finely  and  sparsely  punctured  ;  clypeus  convex,  trans- 
verse anteriorly,  the  margin  hidden  by  a  fringe  of  stiff  hairs  • 
median  segment  truncate  posteriorly,  with  the  deep  cribrate 
punctures  confluent  and  larger  than  on  the  mesonotum,  the  space 
at  base  very  coarsely  longitudinally  rugose  ;  apical  margin  of  basal 
abdominal  segment  constricted.  Head,  thorax,  and  legs  with  the 
apical  two  segments  of  the  abdomen  sometimes  black,  rest  of  the 
abdomen,  generally  the  entire  abdomen,  ferruginous  red-  the 
clypeus,  the  sides  of  the  face,  the  cheeks,  and  the  legs  with  sparse 
silvery  white  pubescence ;  wings  fuscous,  slightly  paler  towards 

6  precisely  similar;  the  punctures  on  the  head  and  thorax 
deeper,  closer,  and  coarser. 

23^'m  ^"^"^^  '  ?  ^  •  ^^^^'^  11-12  ;  exp.  22- 


720.  Sphecodes  albifrons,  SmUh,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.v  27  •  Ball 
lorr.  Cat.  x,  p.  1.  r       >  • 

6  .  Head,  mesonotum,  and  scutellura  closely  and  regularly,  but 
not  coars^ely  punctured,  shining;  postscutellum  and  the  lunate 
space  at  the  base  of  the  median  segment,  which  is  remarkable  in 
being  prominent  and  raised,  coarsely  longitudinally  rugose;  rest 
of  the  median  segment  reticulate ;  the  face  truncate  posteriorly  • 
abdomen,  except  the  apical  margins  of  segments  2-6,  finelv' 
regularly,  and  closely  punctured,  the  apical  margins  of  the  same 

ZfZT  TTll  "'^'^       ^^g-^^^ts  1-5  strongly  con! 

stncted.  Head,  thorax,  and  legs  black ;  abdomen  shining  ferru- 
ginous;  the  clypeus  and  face  in  front  covered  with  denfe  short 


418  AVTDS, 

white  pubescence,  the  clypeus  transverse  anteriorly  ;  the  antenuse 
submonilit'onn,  piceous  black.  _  ^ 

Hah.  Western  India,    d  .  Lencjth  11-12  ;  ea;j3. 20  mm.    ?  un- 
known. 

721.  Spliecodes  montanus,  S7mth,  New  Sp.  Bym.  B.  M.  p.  27,  ?  d ; 

Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  8. 

9  Head  verv  finely  and  closely,  thorax  more  strongly  and 
coarsely  punctured,  the  punctures  on  the  latter  beneath  and  on 
the  sides  confluent;  abdomen  smooth  and  shinmg  with  very 
mhmte  punctures  at  the  base  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments; 
clypeus  transverse  anteriorly;  the  enc  osed  space  at  the  base  of 
the  median  segment  subtriangular,  projectmg  backwards  and  longi- 
tudinally rugose;  beneath,  the  segment  is  truncate  postenorly 
S  coaJsely  punctured.  Head,  thorax,  and  apical  half  of  the  3rd 
and  f  ot-ing  abdominal  segments  black  the  basal  two  segmen  s  and 
base  of  the  3rd  rich  ferruginous  red  ;  the  flagellum  of  he  antenna 
at  apex  beneath  piceous  ;  clypeus  and  legs  with  a  very  thin  silvery- 
white  glittering  pubescence  ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent.  _ 

i  sSr,  the  head  and  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum  especially, 
much  less  Jlosely  punctured ;  the  antennae  moniliform  and,  mth 
r  apex  of  the  median  segment,  dull  castaneous ;  legs  cas  aneous 
brown  apical  half  of  the"' 5th,  the  whole  6th  and  7th  abdominal 
segments  black,  the  rest  of  the  abdomen  f-rugino- ^^^^  _ 

Hah.  Northern  India ;  Mussooree.     ?  6  •  Length  8  y ,  exp. 

16  mm. 

729  Sphecodes  crassicornis,  Smith,  Neio  Sp.  Bym.  B.  M.  p.  28,  S  ; 

Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  2. 
Sphecodea  sodalis,  Smith,  t.  c.  p.  M,6  ■ 
,   TT   ^  n^rl  thoTax  re<^ularly  and  strongly,  abdomen  very 

•^;te?v  .nd  den  e^^^^^^^^  '''^^'''^  flat,  transverse, 

minutely  and  «enseiy  j  transverse  ridge  ; 

r  e;ftSnstTe  eZ  gTnate -^^^^^^^^^^  ^^ining 
clypeus  ti^°^J^^.^^':,^'^^Mv.  „  medial  vertical  carina,  the  space  at 
truncate  P°«teriorly  ^vi  h  a  mema  ^^^^^^  ^^^^^^^^ 

hase  concave  coarsely  on^^^^^^^^  ^  ^^^^^ 

'  nTand^hf;^ ole  of'  the  apical  three  black,  the  apical  margm 
'"A"^  1  St  and  the  whole  of  segments  2-4  ferrugmous  red ;  clypeus 
''M  ?  !  Sh  dense  white  pubescence;  the  antennae  and  legs 
XcureTy  lutj^--  ;  wings\yaline  and  iridescent,  the  nervures 
oDscurwy  F  .  1  rufo-testaceous. 
'"S  Sc!t.  6;        11  mm.    ?  unknown. 

723  Sphecodes  iridipennis  Ne^o  Sp.  Bym.  B.M.  p.  27,  ?; 

Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  7.  ,  i   j  j 


SPnECODES. — HALICTUS. 


419 


verse  anteriorly;  median  segment  truncate  posteriorly,  coarsely 
rugose  and  punctured,  the  space  at  base  concave  and  longitudinally 
striate.  Head  and  thorax  black  ;  abdomen  ferruginous,  base  and 
apex  of  the  2nd  and  base  of  the  3rd  segment  above  fuscous,  the 
apex  broadly  of  the  3rd  and  the  whole  of  the  following  segments 
black  ;  the  antennae  and  legs  piceous  ;  wings  hyaline  and  splen- 
didly iridescent. 

Hah.  jNTorthern  India.    2  •  Length  5 ;  exp.  9  mm.    6  unknown. 

*724.  Sphecodes  rubripes,  Spin.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1838,  p.  512 ;  id. 
op.  cit.  1843,  p.  438;  Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  1. 

"Antennae,  coxse,  head,  and  thorax  black;  abdomen,  the  legs 
(coxae  excepted),  and  the  tegulsB  of  the  wings  red.  Pubescence 
corresponding  to  the  colour  of  the  part  it  is  growing  on.  Head 
and  thorax  strongly  punctured,  the  punctures  close  but  distinct. 
Disc  of  the  metathorax  more  strongly  punctured  than  the  rest  of 
the  thorax,  the  punctures  confluent,  forming  longitudinal  strise." 

Hub.  Egypt ;  Bombay,  Western  India. 

Genus  HALICTUS. 

Halictus,  Zatr.  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  xiii,  p.  364  (1805). 
Lasioglossum,  Curtis,  Brit.  Ent.  x,  pi.  448  (1834). 
Nomioides,  pt.,  Schenck,  Berl.  ent.  Zeit.  x,  p.  333  (1866). 

Type,  H.  sex-cinctus,  Fabr. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  subtriangular,  the  ocelli  in  a  curve  on  the  vertex ;  the 

scape  of  the  antennae  about  as  long  as 
half  the  flagellum,  the  latter  filiform  ; 
the  clypeus  more  or  less  produced ; 
the  tongue  acute ;  the  labial  palpi  A- 
jointed,  the  basal  joint  as  long  as  the 
following  two,  the  apical  three  gradu- 
ally decreasing  in  length  ;  the  max- 
illary palpi  6-jointed,  the  basal  joint 
the  shortest,  the  following  joints 
gradually  decreasing  in  length  to  the 
apical  one ;  the  labrum  (  $  )  transverse, 
with  a  carina  in  front  densely  fringed 
with  pubescence.  Thorax  ovate ;  the 
median  segment  short,  generally 
^  _^  steeply  sloped  or  truncate,  and  with 

Fig.l34.-Z^a&to.l,maxiUa;    ^  subtriangular   lunate   or  cordate 
2,  labium  (much  enlarged).      space  at  base  above  generally  concave 

and  punctured,  striate  or  reticulate, 
sometimes  pubescent ;  legs  moderately  long,  the  posterior  legs 
with  a  floccus  of  long  hair  on  the  coxae  and  trochanters,  and  a 
dense  polliniferous  scopa  on  the  tibiae.  Wings  fairly  ample,  the 
radial  cell  narrowing  towards  the  apex,  which  is  sharply  acute  • 

2  E  2 


420  apiDjE. 

three  cubital  cells,  the  1st  about  as  long  as  the  2nd  and  3rd  united, 
the  2nd  small,  subquadrate,  receiving  the  1st  recurrent  nervure 
near  its  apex,  the  8rd  strongly  restricted  above  towards  the  radial 
cell  receiving-  the  2nd  recurrent  nervure  in  its  apical  third.  Abdo- 
men ovate,  the  apical  segment  with  a  longitudinal  rima. 

The  male  differs  in  having  the  antennaj  elongate,  sometmies 
longer  than  the  head  and  thorax  united,  the  clypeus  frequently 
much  produced  ;  the  abdomen  subcyhndrical  and  proportionately 
much  longer  than  in  the  female.  ,    i  u-*.  e 

Very  little,  so  far  as  I  know,  is  on  record  about  the  habits  ot 
the  Oriental  species  of  this  genus.    Mr.  E.  E.  Green  of  Pundaloya 
Ceylon,  found  Halictus  ducalis  tunnelling  into  a  hard  bank  of  earth 
in  April     In  the  nest  he  found  beside  the  Halicti  a  specimen  of  the 
parasitic  bee  Nomada  adusta,  Smith.   Of  the  habits  of  the  English 
species,  H.  morio,  Eabr.,  Smith  records  :—"  Early  in  April  the 
females  appeared,  and  continued  in  numbers  to  the  end  of  June  ; 
not  a  single  male  was  to  be  found  at  any  time ;  during  the  month 
of  July  scarcely  an  individual  could  be  found ;  a  sohtary  female 
now  and  then  might  be  seen,  but  the  spring  bees  had  almost  dis- 
appeared    About  the  middle  of  August  the  males  began  to  come 
forth  and  by  the  end  of  the  month  abounded  ;   the  females  suc- 
ceeded the  males  in  their  appearance  about  ten  or  twelve  days. 
These  industrious  creatures  immediately  began  the  task  assigned 
to  them,  burrowing  and  forming  their  nests  ;   one  of  then-  httle 
tunnels  had  usually  others  running  into  it,  so  that  a  single  common 
entrance  served  as  a  passage  to  several  cells,  in  each  ot  which  a 
little  ball  of  pollen  was  formed  and  a  single  egg  deposited  thereon. 
The  larvffi  were  ten  or  twelve  days  consuming  it,  by  which  time 
they  were  fully  fed  ;  in  this  state  they  lay  until  they  changed  to 
the  pupa  state,  when  they  very  shortly  became  matured. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median  segment 
with  oblique  divergent  striae. 
a.  Head  and  thorax  black,  sometimes  with 
•'    a  chalybeous  or  castaneous  tint. 
a'  Abdomen  im  punctate-glabrous. 
'a\  Base  of  2nd  abdominal  segment  ,         ,  .o., 

constricted    E.  splendidulus,  i^A23. 

h\  Base  of  2nd  abdominal  segment 
not  constricted. 
Second  abdominal  segment  with 
a  subapical  transverse  groove .  .    S.  albescens,  p.  4Jd. 
h^.  Second  abdominal  segment  with- 
out any  transverse  groove. 
aK  Median  segment  with  a  short  . 

vertical  cai-ma  i)osteriorly  .  .    H.  tnstis,  p.  4_4. 
b\  Median  segment  not  carinate.     H.  semiannus,  p.  424. 
b'.  Basal  abdominal  segment  glabrous, 

remainder  punctured    H.  catullus,  i^. 


HAMCTUS. 


421 


c'.  Abdomen  densely  punctured. 

or.  I*[esonotum  glabrous    S.  tardus,  p.  425. 

h".  Mesouotum  closely  punctured   //.  dasijy aster,  p.  425. 

h.  PTead  and  thorax  obscure  blue   M.  alphenus,  p.  420. 

c.  Head  and  thorax  metallic  green. 

a'.  Length  9-10  mm   H.  ffrandiceps,  p.  426. 

b'.  Length  3'7-4  mm   H.  vachalii,  p.  426. 

B.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median  seg- 
ment -with  transverse  sti-iiB   H.  discursus,  p.  427. 

0.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median  segment 
with  longitudinal  strice. 

a.  Head  and  thorax  black. 

a'.  Abdomen  more  or  less  punctured. 
a".  Bases  of  abdominal  segments  2-6 

constricted    S.  pulchriventris,  p.  427. 

V^.  Bases  of  abdominal  segments  not 
constricted. 
Bases  of  segments  2-4  with  pu- 
bescent bands, 
a*.  Front  with  a  vertically  im- 
pressed line   S.  proteus,  p.  428. 

6'.  Front  without  a  vertically 

impressed  line  or  groove ....    H.  subopacus,  p.  428. 
h^.  Margins  of  abdominal  segments 

1-5  with  pubescent  bands  ....    JT.  taprobance,  p.  428. 
c'.  Abdominal  segments  nearly  bare, 
apical  segments  with  a  few  de- 
cumbent hairs   S.  lucidiusculus,  p.  429. 

d'.  Second  and  following  abdominal 
segments  coveredwith  short  fine 
pubescence  not  forming  trans- 
verse bands    H.  agi-estis,  p.  429. 

v.  Abdomen  impunctate. 

a'-.  Basal  two   abdominal  segments 
with  a  faint  but  distinct  transverse 

impressed  line   S.  timidus,  p.  429.  . 

6",  Basal  two   abdominal  segments 
without  any  transverse  impressed 

lines   S.  ffuttu7-osiis,  ■p.  iSO. 

b.  Head  and  thorax  metallic  green   S.  propin([Uus,  p.  430. 

c.  Head  and  thorax  metallic  blTie   H.  vernalis,  p.  430. 

D.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median  segment 
punctured. 

rt.  Head  and  tborax  aeneous  or  metallic 
green. 

a'.  Base  of    2nd    abdominal  segment 

strongly  depressed  and  constricted  .    H.  buccinus,  p.  431. 
b'.  Base  of  2nd  abdominal  segment  not 

constricted    H.  vicinus,  p.  431. 

b.  Head  and  thorax  black,  often  with  a 
castaneous  or  chalybeous  hue,  or  black 
and  red. 

a'.  Abdomen  smooth,  impunctate. 
d^.  Abdomen  entirely  black    H.  spodiozonius,  p.  431. 


422 


APIDiE. 


6-.  Basal  three  ftMominal  segments  red, 
apical  three  black. 
a".  Apex  of  clypeus,  labrum,  and 

mandibles  black   H.  cameronii,  p.  432. 

h\  Apex  of  clypeus,  labrum,  and 

mandibles  yellow   S,  xanthognathiis,  p.  432. 

I'.  Abdomen  more  or  less  punctured. 
d-.  One  or  more  of  the  abdominal  seg- 
ments red  or  rufo-fuscous. 
«■'.  Basal  abdominal  seg-inent  im- 

punctate,  highly  polished    H.  wrovyMoni,  p.  432. 

b'\  Basal  abdominal  segment  punc- 
tured   invidus,  p.  433. 

Abdominal  segments  wholly  black. 
a'.  Apical  margins  of  segments  with 
pubescent  bands, 
fl'.  Front  below  ocelli  with  a 

vertical  medial  carina   ....    .ff./fot,  p.  433. 
4'.  Front  not  carinated, 

a\  Length  11  mm   S.Jimhriatus,  p.  433. 

6°.  Length  7  mm   S.  (jarrulus,  p.  434. 

h^.  Bases  of  abdominal  segments  2-5 
with  pubescent  bands,  apical 

margins  bare    H.  condrictus,  p.  434. 

c^.  Abdominal    segments  without 
pubescent  bands. 
a".  Apex   of    median  segment 

roundly  truncate   H.fmhriatellus,  p.  434. 

I'.  Apex    of   median  segment 

shai'ply  abruptly  truncate  .  .    M.  ducalis,  p.  435. 
E.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median  segment 

reticulate.  . 

a.  Head  and  thorax  brassy  gi-een   S.  lumhpmims,  p.  435. 

h  Head  and  thorax  nigro-ajneous;  median 

segment  black   ^.  ?-«^oia<ws,  p.  436. 

c  Black,  with  an  obscure  greenish  tint  m 

certain  Ughts   eimtculus,  p.  4d6. 

d.  Entirely  black,  with   a  castaneous  or 
chalybeous  tint  sometimes. 
«'.  Abdomen  punctured. 

o'-.  Median  segment  reticulate  on  the 
sides  and  apex. 
Scutellum    and  postscuteUum 

reticulate    JST. /wneim,  p.  436. 

¥.  Scutellum  and  postscuteUum  not 
reticulate, 
a*.  Second    abdominal  segment 

constricted  at  base    S.  ciris,  p.  436. 

V  Second  abdominal  segmentnot 

constricted  at  base    E.  visknw,  p.  437. 

Median  segment  not  reticulate  at 
sides  and  apex, 
er".  Basal  abdominal  segment  gla- 

bious   salutator,  p.  487. 

¥.  Basal  abdominal  segment  not 

glabrous    H.buddha,T^.i^t- 


HAIICTUS. 


423 


b'.  Abdomen  iuipunctato. 

a-.  Cljpeus  with  a  mediau  vertical 
carina. 

«:'.  Median  segment  truncate  and 

margined  at  apex    H.  intricatm,  p.  438. 

b^.  Median  segment  truncate  but  not 

margined  at  apex   H.  reticulatus,  p.  438. 

b-.  Clypeus  not  carinate. 

a'.  Basal  two  abdominal  segments 

with  transverse  narrow  furrows.    H.  senescens,  p.  438. 
b^.  Basal  abdominal  segment  only 

with  transverse  furrow    H.  xystomtus,  p.  439. 

c^.  None  of  the  abdominal  segments 
transversely  furrowed, 
a*.  Front  above  base  of  antennse 

striate    H.  amitimcs,  p.  439. 

b\  Front  striate. 
aK  Median  segment  vertically 

carinate   S.  rufozonatus,  p.  439. 

Ifi.  Median segmentnotcarinate. 
fl^.  Mesonotum  reticulate  . .    H.  liodomus,  p.  440. 
6".  Mesonotum  not  reticu- 
late ;  punetm'ed. 
a'.  Legs    covered  with 

hoary  pubescence    . .    H.  dissimulandus,  p.  440. 
6^.  Legs    covered  with 
golden  yellow  pubes- 
cence   S.  serenus,  p.  440. 

725.  Halictus  splendidulus,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2*)  xiv, 
1894,  p.  432,  $  S. 

5  .  Head  in  front  closely  punctured,  opaque  and  slightly  pubes- 
cent; thorax  and  abdomen  smooth,  brilliantly  polished  and 
shining ;  the  mesonotum  with  fine  regular,  not  very  close  punctures ; 
postscutellum  covered  with  a  short  pubescence  ;  median  segment 
narrowed  posteriorly,  the  apex  transversely  truncate  and  margined 
above,  the  space  at  base  with  outwardly  radiating  line  striae ; 
abdomen  with  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment  slightly  constricted. 
Dark  castaneous  brown,  nearly  black,  the  legs  with  a  glistening 
pale  golden  pubescence ;  the  bases  of  segments  2-5  with  traces 
of  transverse  fasciae,  broadest  at  the  sides,  of  pale  pubescence ; 
wings  hyaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  and  tegulse  pale  testaceous. 

cJ  similar,  but  with  the  clypeus  much  produced. 

Hah.  Karen  Hills,  Burma.  $  .  Length  5 ;  to^.  9  mm.  S 
slightly  smaller. 


726.  Halictus  albescens,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  61,  ?  d"- 

Halictus  albozonatus,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  31.  p.  32,  5  • 

5  .  Head  closely  and  finely,  thorax  more  sparsely  punctured  ; 
median  segment  at  the  sides  and  apex  and  the  abdomen  smooth, 
shining;  front  flatfish,  not  carinate,  elongate;  eyes  distinctly 
convergent  below ;  median  segment  with  the  sides  compressed,  the 
apex  concavo-truncate,  with  a  medial  vertical  carina  ;  lunate  space 
at  baae  restricted,  with  outwardly  divergent  striae ;  1st  and  2nd 


424 


APIDJiE, 


abdominal  segments  with  a  distinct  transverse  gi'oove  across  tbe 
middle.  Blacli,  tbe  abdomen  obscurely  chalybeous ;  tbe  face,  the 
sides  of  tbe  thorax, and  median  segment  with  thin  white  pubescence; 
the  postscutellum,  a  broadly  interrupted  band  at  tbe  base  of  tbe  1st 
abdominal  segment,  and  entire  regular  transverse  bands  at  the 
base  of  segments  2-5  covered  with  snow-white  pubescence ; 
the  legs  with  pale  glittering  pubescence,  tbe  tarsi  and  anal  rima 
fulvous ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  ferruginous. 

cj  similar,  more  elongate ;  antenna3  rufo-piceous ;  the  whole 
tborax  and  abdomen  with  a  chalybeous  tinge. 

Hah.  Punjab.  5  •  Length  9-11 ;  eicp.  16-18  mm.  S .  Length  7 ; 
exp.  12  mm. 

The  types  of  both  H.  albescens  and  E.  albozonatus  are  in  the 
British  Museum ;  the  latter  was  described  from  a  fresh,  the  former 
from  a  faded  specimen.  I  cannot  find  any  structural  differences 
between  the  two. 

727.  Halictus  tristis,  FacM,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xiv,  1894, 
p.  438,  $. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  minutely  and  closely  punctured ;  abdomen 
glabrous  and  shining ;  head  in  front  very  slightly  elongate ;  eyes 
not  convergent  below  ;  the  face  above  the  clypeus  convex,  with  a 
medial  vertical  carina  between  tbe  bases  of  the  antennae ;  median 
segment  quadrate,  posteriorly  truncate  and  slightly  compressed ; 
a  medial  vertical  carina  down  the  posterior  face  of  the  truncated 
portion,  the  space  at  base  with  outwardly  divergent  striae.  Black  ; 
tbe  clypeus  and  front  with  sparse,  the  pronotum,  sides  of  the 
thorax  and  median  segment,  and  base  of  tbe  abdomen  with  thicker 
white  pubescence,  the  postscutellum  covered  with  the  same ;  legs 
with  long  white  pubescence,  and  transverse  bands  of  white  pubes- 
cence along  the  bases  o?  abdominal  segments  2-4 ;  wings  byalme, 
nervures  and  teguloB  dark  brown. 

Hah.  Karen  HiUs,  Burma.     2  .  Length  7 ;  exp.  14  mm. 

728.  Halictus  semiserin-as,  Vaclml,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2*)  xiv, 
1894,  p.  443,  $ . 

$  .  Head  densely,  thorax  more  sparsely  punctured ;  abdomen 
smooth  and  shining :  face  elongate  above ;  tbe  clypeus  convex, 
with  a  vertical  short  carina  ;  median  segment  truncate  posteriorly, 
the  sides  and  the  apex  above  margined ;  the  lunate  space  at  base 
with  outwardly  divergent  strife ;  abdomen  broadly  oval.  Black, 
the  mesonotum  having  an  ajneous  tint  in  certam  hghts  ;  the  legs 
covered  with  pale  glittering  hah^ ;  the  tarsi  and  the  anal  rima 
rufo-testaceous ;  the  postscutellum  with  dense  sordid  white  pubes- 
cence ;  wings  hyaline,  slightly  dusky,  nervures  testaceous. 

Hab.  Karen  Hills,  Burma.     $  .  Length  5 ;.  e.vp.  11  mm. 

729  Halictus  catuUus,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xiv,  1894, 
p.437,  ?. 

5  .  Head  and  tborax  densely  and  finely  punctui-ed ;  abdomen 


HAMCTUS, 


425 


smoolh,  the  basal  segment  polished,  the  apical  segments  witli  close, 
minute,  superficial  punctures ;  head  distinctly  narrowed,  and  eyes 
convergent  below,  front  not  carinate ;  median  segment  truncate 
posteriorly,  the  sides  rounded ;  the  lunate  space  at  base  with  coarse 
outwardly  divergent  stria.  Blade,  the  head  and  thorax  with  an 
obscure  cbalybeous,  the  abdomen  with  a  chestnut-brown  tint ;  the 
clypeus  and  front,  the  cheeks  and  sides  of  the  thorax,  and  median 
segment  with  soft  greyish  tomentum,  the  postscutellum  densely 
covered  with  the  same ;  the  legs  with  long  pale  pubescence,  turning 
yellowish  on  the  tarsi ;  a  spot  on  each  side  at  the  base  of  the  1st 
abdominal  segment,  and  transverse  bands  at  the  bases  of  segments 
2-5  of  greyish  pubescence;  wings  hyaline  with  a  brownish  tint, 
nervures  and  tegulte  pale  testaceous. 

cS  similar,  more  slender;  the  median  segment  compressed 
posterioi'ly  and  narrowed ;  the  margins  of  the  abdominal  segments 
constricted ;  the  apex  of  the  clypeus,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  the 
anterior  legs  and  the  apex  of  the  femora,  the  base  and  apex  of 
the  tibife,  and  the  tarsi  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  legs 
testaceous  white. 

Hab.  Upper  and  Lower  Burma  in  the  plains ;  Tenasserim.  $  . 
Length  5-6;  exji.  10  mm.     cJ.  Length  7;  exp.  11  mm. 

730.  Halictus  tardus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

cJ  .  Head  and  the  abdomen  at  the  base  of  the  segments  above 
very  closely  and  minutely  punctured ;  mesonotum  and  scutellum 
smooth,  shining,  with  a  few  scattered  small  punctures ;  median 
segment  abruptly  truncate  at  apex,  punctured  on  the  sides,  with 
the  enclosed  space  at  base  obliquely  striate ;  abdomen  broad,  the 
base  and  apex  of  segments  2-5  slightly  consti-icted ;  whole  head, 
thorax,  and  abdomen  with  a  soft  thin  pubescence,  denser  on  the 
face  in  front  and  forming  transverse  bands  at  the  base  of  segments 
2-4  of  the  abdomen.  Shining  brownish  black,  the  pubescence 
greyish  white ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  dark  brown,  tegulte  black. 

Hab.  Mussooree.  d .  Length  9 ;  18  mm.  Type  in  coll. 
Eothney. 

731.  Halictus  dasygaster.   (PI.  Ill,  fig.  7.) 

Vachal,  Ann.  Mus.  av.  Gen.  (2^)  xiv,  1894,  p.  435,  ? . 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  shining,  finely,  regularly,  and 
somewhat  closely  punctured,  the  punctures  rather  shallow  and 
finer  at  the  base  of  the  abdominal  segments ;  head  neax'ly  trans- 
verse, not  much  elongated ;  clypeus  very  slightly  convex ;  eyes  not 
or  barely  convergent  below ;  mesonotum  broad,  slightly  convex  ; 
median  segment  roundly  steep  posteriorly,  the  lunate  space  at 
base  with  outwardly  divergent  strise ;  abdomen  with  a  subapical 
transversely  impressed  line  on  the  basal  two  segments.  Black ;  the 
clypeus  and  front,  a  line  on  the  pronotum  broadening  at  the 
sides,  the  sides  of  the  thorax  and  of  the  median  segment  with 
hoary  pubescence ;  the  postscutellum  and  transverse  bands  at  the 
base  of  abdominal  segments  2-4  with  yellowish  pubescence,  the 


426 


APIDiE. 


pubescence  on  the  legs  faintly  golden,  on  the  underside  of  the 
tibiaj  white  ;  anal  rima  testaceous ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  piceous. 

Hah.  Karen  Hills,  Burma ;  Tenasserim  generally.  $  .  Length 
8-9  ;  exp.  18  mm. 

732.  Halictus  alphenus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

cJ .  Head  and  thorax  sparsely  punctured ;  abdomen  impunctate, 
smooth  and  shining,  except  the  apical  two  segments  which  are 
pubescent;  the  clypeus  and  scape  of  the  anteniicB,  the  back  of  the 
head,  pi-onotum,  sides  of  Ihe  thorax  and  median  segment,  the 
postscutellum  and  legs  covered  with  a  soft  thin  pubescence,  long 
in  some  places,  as  on  the  scape  of  the  antennae  ;  the  enclosed 
space  at  the  base  of  the  median  segment  concave,  obscurely 
obliquely  striolate,  the  striss  very  short,  not  reaching  the  posterior 
margins  of  the  enclosed  space.  Head  and  thorax  dark  obscure 
blue ;  tlie  antennae  and  the  abdomen  black ;  the  trochanters, 
femora,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  of  the  legs  castaneous  ;  wings  hyaline, 
nervures  and  tegulae  dark  testaceous  brown. 
Hab.  Mussooree.     J.  Length  7;  exjo.  13  mm. 

733.  Halictus  grandiceps,  Cam.  ilfem.  Manch.  L.  Fh.  Soc  xli,  1897. 

2-  Closely  allied  to  If.  j^roinnquus  {ip.  430) :  differs  in  being 
larger  and  more  stoutly  built,  with  comparatively  a  larger  head  ; 
the  median  segment  is  proportionally  smaller  than  in  if.  propinquus 
and  has  the  apex  more  truncate,  the  enclosed  space  at  the  base  is 
narrower  and  much  more  finely  punctured,  the  punctures  running 
into  oblique  striae.  Like  //.  fropinquus  it  is  of  a  bronze-green 
colour,  with  white  pubescent  transverse  fasciae  on  the  apical  mar- 
gins of  segments  1-5,  the  apical  segment  with  thick  fulvous-white 
pubescence  ou  each  side  of  the  anal  rima ;  mngs  hyahne,  saturated 
with  yellowish  towards  the  base,  nervures  and  tegulae  testaceous. 

Hah.  Mussooree.  $  .  Length  9-10 ;  exp.  18  mm.  Type  in 
coll.  Eothney. 

734.  Halictus  vachalii,  nom.  nov. 

Nomioides  feai,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2')  xiv,  p.  447,  $ 
{nec  Halictus  feai,  t.  c.  p.  440). 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  having  an  opaque  appearance 
from  the  very  minute  and  close  puncturing;  head  transverse; 
clypeus  much  "broader  than  long  ;  the  antennas  inserted  low  down 
on  the  face ;  median  segment  rounded  at  the  sides,  truncate  at 
apex,  with  a  broad  basal  area  above  finely  and  obliquely  striate 
and  rugose.  Black,  the  head  and  the  mesonotum  with  a  brilliant 
metallic  green  lustre ;  the  mandibles,  labrum,  clypeus,  scape  of 
the  antennffi  in  front,  the  prouotum,  the  tubercles,  tegulae,  post- 
scutellum, and  the  apical  margin  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment 
yellow ;  the  legs  black  variegated  with  yello\^',  the  anterior  tibise 
and  tarsi  entirely  yellow;  the  apical  margins  of  abdominal 
segments  2-5  piceous  above,  the  legs  and  the  apical  tlii-ee  segments 
with  sordid  white  pubescence ;  wings  hyalme  and  iridescent. 


HALIOTTTS. 


427 


cJ  (?)  similar,  smaller  and  slighter,  the  head  narrower;  the 
clypeus  strongly  convex,  subtriaugular,  anteriorly  transverse  ;  the 
median  segment  longer,  the  space  at  base  above  slightly  concave 
and  very  linely  obliquely  striate.  Black,  the  head  and  mesonotum 
with  an  obscure  metallic  bluish-green  lustre;  the  labrum,  man- 
dibles, clypeus,  scape  o£  the  antennte  in  front,  pronotum,  tu- 
•  bercles,  the  postscutellum,  the  apices  of  the  femora,  the  tibiae 
and  tarsi  of  all  the  legs,  and  broad  transverse  bands  on  the 
apical  margins  of  the  basal  three  abdominal  segments  yellow  ;  the 
flagellum  of  the  antennae  deep  reddish  brown,  the  posterior  tibise 
with  a  nigro-rufous  stain  near  the  apex  above  ;  wings  hyaline  and 
iridescent. 

Hah.  Thagata  {L.  Fea);  Attaran  Valley  {Bingham),  Tenasserim. 
5  .  Length  3-7-4  ;  exp.  7  mm.     c?  •  Length  4  ;  exp.  7  mm. 

735.  Halictus  discursus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  brilliantly  polished  and 
shining ;  the  legs  thickly  pubescent ;  the  mesonotum  anteriorly 
with  a  wide  shallow  longitudinal  furrow  having  a  carina  down  its 
middle  ;  scutellum  longitudinally  furrowed  ;  median  segment  with 
the  enclosed  space  at  base  above  transversely  striate ;  the  clypeus 
and  the  apical  two  segments  of  the  abdomen  thinly  pubescent. 
Dark  shining  green,  the  pubescence  fulvous  white  ;  the  tibise  and 
tarsi  of  the  legs  pale  testaceous  yellow ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures 
and  tegulse  pale  testaceous. 

Hab.  Mussooree,  Northern  India.  $  .  Length  4 ;  exp.  9  mm. 
Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 

736.  Halictus  pulchriventris,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli, 

1897. 

2 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  very  finely  and  closely  punc- 
tured ;  the  face  in  front  below  the  anterior  ocellus,  the  cheeks  and 
occiput,  a  line  on  the  pronotum  down  to  the  tubercles,  the  lateral 
and  posterior  margins  of  the  mesonotum,  the  postscutellum,  the 
median  segment  except  on  the  semicircular  enclosed  space  at  base, 
the  legs,  the  base  of  the  abdomen,  and  transverse  bands  on  the 
posterior  margins  of  the  segments,  more  or  less  densely  pubescent ; 
median  segment  short,  posteriorly  rounded,  the  enclosed  space  at 
base  rugose  ;  abdomen  with  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment  strongly 
and  of  the  other  segments  slightly  constricted.  Black ;  the 
pubescence  yellow ;  the  antennae  reddish  brown,  the  2nd  joint  of 
the  flagellum  beneath,  the  underside  of  the  tibiae,  and  the  tarsi 
testaceous  yellow ;  wings  light  flavo-hyaline,  the  apical  margins 
broadly  fuscous,  nervures  and  tegulae  testaceous. 

c?  similar,  but  with  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  narrowed 
at  its  base,  almost  petiolate ;  the  wings  with  scarcely  any  tint  of 
yellow,  and  the  legs  of  a  lighter  colour. 

Mab.  Mussooree,  Northern  India ;  Karennee,  Tenasserim. 
5  .  Length  10 ;  exp.  21  mm.  (S .  Length  9-10 ;  exp.  21  mm. 
Type  (  d  )  in  coll.  Eothney. 


428 


APIDJE. 


737.  Halictus  proteus,  Vachal,  Arm.  Mm.  Civ.  Gen.  (2*)  xiv,  1894, 
p.  438,  ?  d  (?). 

5 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  very  minutely  and  closely 
punctured,  the  punctures  on  the  basal  abdominal  segment  some- 
what sparser,  the  segment  highly  polished,  glabrous  ;  head  trans- 
verse, the  front  slightly  elongate,  flat,  an  iiDpressed  vertical  line 
from  the  anterior  ocellus  to  between  the  bases  of  the  antennae ; 
median  segment  truncate  posteriorly,  the  sides  convergent, 
margined  above,  the  lunate  space  at  base  rugose.  Blaclr,  with  an 
obscui'e  greenish  tint  in  certain  lights,  the  pubescence  very  pale 
fulvous  ;  the  clypeus  and  front,  the  pronotum  and  sides  of  the 
thorax  sparsely  pubescent,  the  postscutellum  and  transverse  bands 
at  the  base  of  abdominal  segments  2-4  covered  with  dense 
pubescence ;  legs  with  a  long  soft  covering  of  pale  glittei'ing 
pubescence ;  anal  rima  testaceous ;  wings  hyaline,  uervures  and 
tegulse  testaceous. 

d  (?).  The  face  densely  covered  with  fulvous  pubescence  ;  the 
apical  half  of  each  femur,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi,  and  the  apex  of  the 
clypeus  yellow  ;  the  base  of  segments  2-4  of  the  abdomen  with 
lateral  maculas  of  fulvous  pubescence ;  the  wings  hyaline  and 
vividly  iridescent,  nervures  and  tegulse  testaceous. 

Hab.  Tenasserim.  $  .  Length  7  ;  12  mm.  S  •  Length  7*5  ; 
ex^.  13  mm. 

738.  Halictus  subopacus,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  63,  5 . 

§  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  and  finely  punctured, 

granular  in  appearance  and 
opaque  ;  head  in  front  elongate, 
front  not  cariuate,  eyes  distinctly 
convergent  below ;  clypeus  very 
convex,  its  anterior  margin  ti-ans- 
verse  and  with  some  coarse  punc- 
tm-es ;  median  segment  roundly 
steep  at  the  sides,  truncate  in 
the  middle  posteriorly,  the  space 
■     Halictus'subopacus,  ?.    ?.          at  base  rugose.  Black  ;  the  sides 

of  the  thorax,  the  sides  and  apex 
of  the  median  segment,  and  the  upper  half  of  the  legs  with  pale 
fulvous  pubescence ;  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  with  rich  golden  fulvous 
pubescence,  the  base  of  the  abdomen  and  the  base  of  segments 
2-4  with  fulvous-white  pubescence ;  aual  rima  fulvous ;  wings 
pale  flavo-hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulaa  testaceous. 

Hah.  Sikhim ;  Upper  Burma  ;  China.  $  .  Length  10-11 ;  e.iy. 
20  mm. 

739.  Halictus  taprobanse,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc  xli,  1897. 

d  .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  H.  gari-ulus  (p.  434)  :  differs 
in  having  the  vertex  of  the  head  flatter  above  ;  the  thorax  longer, 
not  so  compact,  the  enclosed  space  at  the  base  of  the  median 


HALICTUS. 


429 


segment  not  pubescent,  coarsely  longitudinally  striate,  the  striae 
in  the  midcUe  not  reaching  the  apox  of  the  enclosed  space ;  the 
abdomen  is  longer  and  not  so  broad ;  the  wings  are  slightly  fuscous  at 
the  apical  margins,  and  though  the  tibias  and  tarsi,  as  in  H.  garru- 
lus,  are  for  the  most  part  testaceous,  the  basal  joint  of  the  tarsi  is 
conspicuously  white.  . 

Bah.  Ceyion.     <S  •  Length  6;  exp.  13  mm.     Type  in  coll. 

Eothney. 

740.  Halictus  lucidiusculus,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mm.  Civ.  Gen.  (2°)  xiv, 
1894,  p.  441,  ?  d  . 

$.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  shining,  extremely  minutely 
punctured,  the  punctures  sparse  but  regular  ;  face  slightly  elongate ; 
the  front  above  the  clypeus  convex,  medially  carinate,  the  carina 
not  extending  much  above  the  base  of  the  antennae ;  the  median 
segment  roundly  steep  and  vertical  at  the  sides  and  posteriorly, 
the  base  above  concave  and  finely  longitudinally  rugose.  Jet- 
black,  almost  without  pubescence,  the  three  or  foiu-  apical  abdo- 
minal segments  with  decumbent  sparse  hairs  ;  legs  with  dense 
light  brown  pubescence ;  anal  rima  brownish  testaceous ;  wings 
dusky  hyaline,  nervures  piceous. 

cj  very  similar,  elongate,  the  base  of  the  abdomen  obscurely 
piceous,  the  tarsi  testaceous. 

Hah.  Karen  Hills,  Burma.  $.  Length  6;  exp.  12  mm. 
S .  Length  6-5  ;  exp.  12-5  mm. 

*741.  Halictus  agrestis,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  61,  $ ;  Doll.  Torr.  Cat.  x, 
p.  52. 

$  .  "  Length  3  lines  (=  about  7  mm.).  Black  ;  head  above  the 
insertion  of  the  antennae  closely  and  finely  punctured ;  the  clypeus 
produced,  shining,  having  a  few  deep  punctures  on  each  side ;  the 
face  is  roughly  sculptured,  the  antennae  beneath  testaceous.  The 
disk  of  the  thorax  strongly  punctured ;  at  the  base  of  the  metathorax 
(i.  e.  median  segment)  is  a  narrow  arched  space  which  is  longitu- 
dinally rugose,  reaching  on  each  side  nearly  to  the  base  of  the  hind 
wings,  the  sides  of  the  metathorax  (median  segment)  have  a  longi- 
tudinal ridge  ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  ferruginous,  stigma  palest ; 
abdomen  very  finely  punctured  and  very  highly  polished  at  the  base, 
the  following  segments  covered  with  a  short  griseous  pubescence 
more  or  less  obliterated  on  the  2nd  segment. 

"  Hah.  Northern  India  (coll.  J.  S.  Baly,  Esq.)." 

742.  Halictus  timidus,  Smith,  Neiv  Sp.  Eym.  B.  M.  p.  31,  $  ? 

d  .  Head  finely  longitudinally  striate  in  front,  thorax  sparsely 
punctured,  abdomen  im  punctate  ;  head  orbicular,  clypeus  not  much 
produced ;  front  very  broad,  flattish,  with  a  short  indistinct  carina 
above  the  base  of  the  antennae ;  eyes  very  slightly  convergent 
below ;  median  segment  roundly  steep,  convex  posteriorly,  com- 
pressed at  apex,  not  vertical ;  lunate  space  at  base  small,  longi- 
tudinally striate ;  basal  two  abdominal  segments  with  a  faint  but 


II 


430 


quite  discernible  transverse  impressed  line.  Head  and  tliorax  black ; 
legs  and  abdomen  rufo-testaceous,  the  apical  five  segments  of  tlie 
latter  shading  into  fuscous  brown  towards  the  apex  ;  head,  pro- 
notum,  sides  of  the  thorax,  legs,  apical  five  abdominal  segments 
above,  and  all  the  ventral  segments  covered  with  pale  glittering 
hairs  ;  postscutellum  densely  pubescent ;  wings  hyaline  and  iri- 
descent, nervures  and  tegulse  rufo-testaceous. 
Hab.  Ceylon  {Smith).    Length  6  ;  exjo,  10  mm. 

743.  Halictus  gutturosus,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mm.  Civ.  Gen.  (2»)  xiv,  1894, 

p.  439,  cJ . 

S  .  Head  and  thorax  finely  but  not  closely  punctured,  shining ; 
abdomen  smooth,  the  basal  segment  highly  polished  ;  head  slightly 
elongate  in  front,  the  eyes  very  sHghtly  convergent  below  ;  median 
segment  roundly  truncate  posteriorly,  the  lunate  space  at  base 
small,  rugose.  Black,  with  an  obscure  chalybeous  tint  in  certain 
lights  ;  the  clypeus  and  front,  the  pronotum,  sides  of  the  thorax, 
and  the  abdomen  beneath  covered  with  a  thin,  the  postscutellum 
with  a  dense  greyish-white  pubescence  ;  wings  hyaline,  iridescent, 
nervures  piceous. 

Hah.  Bhamo,  Upper  Burma.     6  •  Length  6-5  ;  exp.  12  mm. 

744.  Halictus  propinquus,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  60,  cj . 
Halictus  alexis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soo.  xli,  1897. 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  very  finely  and  densely  punc- 
tured, covered  sparingly  with  a  thin  soft  pubescence,  more  dense 
on  the  sides  of  the  face  in  front  and  sides  of  the  median  segment 
and  forming  more  or  less  conspicuous  bands  on  the  apical  margins 
of  the  abdominal  segments ;  median  segment  with  the  enclosed 
semicircular  depressed  space  at  base  longitudinally  rugose;  abdomen 
with  the  2nd  segment  constricted  at  base.  Bright  bronzy-green, 
the  pubescence  hoary,  the  apex  of  the  clypeus  black,  the  apical  7-8 
ioints  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennas  fulvous,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi 
of  the  legs  yellow,  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibiae  with  a 
greenish  stain  above  ;  wings  hyaline,  iridescent,  the  nervures  and 
tegulsB  Hght  testaceous  yellow.  „  ,  ,  , 

cJ  similar,  but  smaller  and  slighter;  segments  2-4  of  the  abdomen 
constricted,  the  head  more  densely  pubescent,  the  apex  of  the 

clypeus  yellow.  ^      ,  „  .  „  r  « 

Hah.  Mussooree.     $  .  Length  7  ;  exp.  12  mm.     d  •  Length  6  ; 

ex23.  11  mm. 

745.  Halictus  vernalis,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  30,  $ . 

9  Head  and  thorax  shining,  punctured,  with  the  punctures 
running  into  irregular  striae,  abdomen  smooth  ;  head  orbicular, 
eves  not  convergent  below;  clypeus  slightly  produced,  xvith  a  few 
large  punctures  at  apex;  front  not  carmated;  median  segment 
rounded  posteriorly  and  at  the  sides,  smooth  and  shining,  the  lunate 
space  at  base  finely  longitudinally  striate  ;  abdomen  comparatively 
large,  broad  and  massive.  Bright  metalhc  blue,  the  apex  of  the 
clypeus  and  the  abdomen  with  purple  tuits;  the  apex  of  the  latter, 


HALlOTtrS. 


431 


the  anal  rima,  the  tibiso  and  tarsi  pubescent,  testaceous ;  wings 
hyaline  and  iridescent,  nerviires  and  tegulro  testaceous, 
similar,  slighter,  the  clypeus  more  produced. 
Hah.  Ceylon  ;  Tenasserim".     ?  .  Length  5-5  ;         10  mm.  c? 
slightly  smaller. 

746.  Halictus  buccinus,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xiv,  1894, 

p.  443,  d  ■ 

d  .  Head  and  thorax  very  minutely  granular,  opaque,  abdomen 
smooth  and  shining;  head  orbicular,  slightly  produced  below,  eyes 
strongly  convergent  beneath  ;  front  not  carinate ;  median  segment 
roundly  steep  posteriorly  and  at  the  sides,  compressed,  the  space 
at  base  above  very  finely  and  closely  punctui-ed ;  abdomen  elongate, 
the  base  of  the  2nd  segment  strongly  depressed.  Metallic  green ; 
legs  with  the  apex  of  the  tibite  and  tarsi  testaceous  ;  the  abdomen 
black,  with  a  purple  tint  in  certain  lights  ;  wings  hyahne,  nerviu'es 
piceous. 

Hah.  Karen  Hills,  Burma.  J  •  LengtJi  4-5  ;  exp.  10  mm.  This, 
as  Vachal  himself  suggests,  may  be  the  male  of  H.fraternus,  Smith, 
described  from  Makassar. 

747.  Halictus  vicmus,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Oen.  (2")  xiv,  1894, 

p.  431,  ?. 

2  .  Head  quadrate  beneath,  slightly  narrowed  ;  clypeus  barely 
prominent,  its  anterior  margin  transverse  and  fringed  with  stiff 
hairs  ;  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  minutely  and  closely  punctured, 
the  pimctures  on  the  clypeus  larger  and  wider  apart;  median 
segment  roundly  truncate  posteriorly,  the  enclosed  space  at  base 
lunate,  shghtly  concave,  densely  punctured,  the  punctures  with  a 
tendency  to  form  radiating  strise;  abdomen  massive  and  broad. 
Dull  ajneous  green,  the  head  and  face  with  thin,  the  legs  with 
dense  fulvous  pubescence  ;  abdomen  with  the  base  of  segments  2-5 
having  transverse  bands,  broad  at  the  sides,  sub-interrupted  in  the 
middle,  of  similar  pubescence ;  6th  segment  with  the  sides  of  the 
rima  covered  with  thick  fulvous  pubescence ;  wings  hyaline, 
nervures  testaceous,  tegulffi  brownish. 

Hah.  Bhamo,  Upper  Burma.    $  .  ien^^i^  nearly  8 ;  exp.  15  mm. 

748.  Halictus  spodiozonius,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2»)  xiv, 

1894,  p.  432,  ? . 

2  .  Head  in  front  thickly  studded  with  short  hairs  and  closely 
punctured;  thorax  shining,  punctured,  the  punctures  on  the 
mesonotum  fine  and  rather  sparse ;  abdomen  broad,  massive  and 
smooth ;  clypeus  rather  coarsely  punctured,  its  anterior  margin 
transverse  and  fringed  with  hau-s ;  postscutellum  covered  with 
close  and  thick,  the  pleurae  with  somewhat  less  dense  pubescence ; 
median  segment  roundly  truncate,  the  space  at  base  above  narrow, 
slightly  concave,  rugosely  punctate ;  abdomen  with  the  apical 
margins  of  the  basal  four  segments  broadly  depressed,  the  anterior 
margin  of  the  depressed  border  waved,  the  posterior  margin  with 
a  subapical  rather  broad  band  of  thin  short  pubescence.    Black,  the 


432 


pubescence  sordid  white,  on  the  posterior  legs  fulvous ;  wings 
fusco-hyaline,  nervures  and  tegula3  castaneous  brown. 
Hab.  Karen  Hills.     ?  .  Length  8  ;  ea;£.  15  mm. 

749.  Halictus  cameronii,  nom.  nov. 

liiilictus  decorua,  Cam.  {nec  Walk.)  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli, 
1897. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  thinly  pubescent,  finely  punctured  ;  abdo- 
men impuuctate,  with  a  thin  fine  pubescence,  especially  on  the 
apical  segments  ;  median  segment  short,  the  enclosed  semicircular 
space  at  base  punctured,  the  apex  truncate,  slightly  rugose,  with 
an  obscure  abbreviated  vertical  carina  ;  abdomen  broad,  subcordate, 
the  basal  segments  smooth  and  polished.  Black,  the  basal  three 
segments  of  the  abdomen  red,  legs  dark  fuscous  red  ;  antennae 
fulvous  at  apex  below ;  pubescence  on  the  head,  thorax,  and 
abdomen  glittering  white ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  brown,  tegulae 
light  testaceous. 

Eah.  Mussooree.    ?  .  Length  5  ;  ecop.  11  mm. 

*750.  Halictus  xanthognathus,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  62,  S ;  Dall.  Torr. 
Cat.  X,  p.  91. 

"  cJ .  Length  31  lines  (=about  8  mm.).  Head  and  thorax  black, 
very  closely  and  moderately  punctui-ed,  the  face  thickly  covered 
with  short  white  pubescence ;  the  apex  of  the  clypeus,  the  labrum, 
mandibles,  palpi,  and  flagellum  beneath  yellow ;  the  tubercles, 
tegulte,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  yellow  ;  the  posterior  and  intermediate 
tibia3  have  a  ferruginous  stain  in  front ;  wings  subhyaline,  nervures 
pale  ferruginous ;  the  three  basal  segments  of  the  abdomen  red  : 
the  1st  segment  is  black  at  the  sides  of  the  extreme  base,  and  has 
two  fuscous  spots  above ;  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments  at  the  sides 
have  a  black  spot ;  the  4th  and  following  segments  black,  the 
apical  margins  pale  testaceous,  each  successive  one  more  broadly  so. 

"  Hah.  Northern  India  (coll.  J.  S.  Baly)." 

Unknown  to  me,  but,  to  judge  by  the  description,  closely  resem- 
bling some  species  of  Nomia. 

751.  Halictus  wroughtom.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 
5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  basal  segment  of  abdomen  pubescent,  the 
back  of  the  head  and  thorax  densely  so,  the 
pubescence  on  the  head  short,  on  the  thorax 
and  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  soft  and 
long  ;  head,  where  the  surface  is  visible  under 
the  pubescence,  sparsely,  and  the  thorax  more 
closely  punctured ;  base  of  the  median  seg- 
ment finely  punctured,  abdomen  with  the 
basal  segments  glabrous.  Black ;  the  apex  of 
Fig.  136.  the  clypeus,  the  apical  joints  of  the  tarsi,  and 

Halictus  wrovghioni,    the  posterior  margins  of  abdominal  segments 
6-  f-  1-4  whitish  with  a  testaceous  tinge;  basal 

segment  and  basal  half  of  the  2nd  segment  of  the  abdomen  red ; 


HALICTU8. 


433 


leo-3  except  at  the  apex  black,  with  dense  white  pubescsnce ;  wings 
hyaline,  nervures  and  tegiihiB  testaceous. 

Hah.  Bengal ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim.  ?  .  Length  8-9  ;  exp.  19  mm. 
Type  in  coll.  Wroughton. 

752.  Halictus  invidua,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

c? .  Head  and  thorax  densely  and  coarsely,  abdomen  more  finely 
and  as  closely  punctured,  the  margins  of  the  segments  impunctate, 
smooth  and  highly  polished  ;  the  face  in  front  thickly,  the  thorax 
and  abdomen  thinly  pubescent;  median  segment  posteriorly 
above  shining,  the  enclosed  semicircular  space  at  base  cribrate ; 
abdomen  subcordate,  broad,  slightly  vertically  compressed.  Black, 
the  apical  ioints  of  the  tarsi  pale  testaceous,  the  apical  third  of  the 
1st  and  the  whole  of  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  rufo-fuscous ; 
wings  hyaline,  broadly  but  lightly  fuscescent  on  the  apical  margin, 
nervures  and  tegulae  testaceous. 

Hah.  Mussooree.  d  •  Length  7 ;  exp.  14  mm.  Type  in  coll. 
Eothney. 

753.  Halictus  feai,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2')  xiv,  1894,  p.  440, 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  finely  and  very  closely  punctured,  the 
punctures  sparser  and  larger  on  the  clypeus ;  base  of  the  abdomen 
smooth,  shining,  impunctate,  the  rest  very  minutely  and  somewhat 
closely  punctured ;  clypeus  convex  ;  front  slightly  concave,  with  a 
medial  fine  vertical  carina  ;  median  segment  truncate  posteriorly, 
the  sides  roimded,  the  face  of  the  truncation  smooth,  the  rest  of 
the  segment  coarsely  cribrate,  the  apical  margin  of  the  1st  abdo- 
minal segment  very  slightly  constricted.  J et-black,  very  slightly 
pubescent,  the  pubescence  whitish  on  the  clypeus  and  front,  the 
sides  of  the  thorax,  and  along  the  apical  margin  of  the  basal 
two  segments  of  the  abdomen,  turning  to  golden  ferruginous 
on  the  3rd  and  following  segments  ;  postscutellum  bare,  punctured ; 
leo-s  with  pale  glittering  pubescence  ;  anal  rima  black,  fringed  with 
golden  ferruginous  pile ;  vdngs  fusco-hyaline,  vividly  iridescent. 

J  similar,  elongate ;  the  eyes  obsoletely  emarginate  on  the 
inner  orbits,  strongly  convergent  below ;  the  apical  margins  of 
abdominal  segments  1-5  slightly  constricted ;  the  clypeus  with  its 
apical  margin  broadly  orange,  the  apical  half  of  the  wings  fuscous 
with  a  purple  and  iridescent  effulgence. 

Hah.  Karen  Hills,  Burma.  $  .  Length  8-5 ;  exp.  20  mm. 
cj  .  Length  9  ;  exp.  22  mm. 

*754.  Halictus  fimbriatus,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  63,  c?  • 

"  c?  .  Length  5  lines  (10  mm.).  Black,  distinctly  and  not  very 
closely  punctured  ;  the  clypeus  much  produced  and  coarsely  punc- 
tured ;  antenuEB  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax,  the  joints  sub- 
arcuate,  rufo-piceous  beneath.  The  sides  of  the  thorax  and  beneath 
covered  with  long  white  pubescence ;  the  legs  have  a  clothing  of 


434 


similar  but  shorter  pubescence ;  the  anterior  tibia?  in  front,  the 
intermediate  pair  at  their  apex  beneath,  and  the  claw-joint  of  the 
tarsi  lerruginous  ;  wings  subhyaliue,  the  apical  margins  clouded, 
uervures  ferruginous.  Abdomen  elongate,  the  apical  margins  of 
the  segments  have  a  fringe  of  white  pubescence,  more  or  less 
interrupted  in  the  middle  ;  the  apical  segment  has  laterally  a  tuft 
of  fuscous  pubescence ;  beneath,  all  the  margins  fringed  with  short 
while  pubescence. 

"  Hah.  Northern  India  (coll.  J.  8.  Baly,  Esq.)." 


755.  Halictus  garnilns,  Cam.  Mem.  Mannh.  L.  Fh.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

cJ .  Head  and  thorax  finely  and  closely,  and  abdomen  sparsely 
punctured,  the  clypeus  and  front  of  the  face  densely  and  the 
thorax  more  sparsely  pubescent ;  abdomen  with  the  posterior 
margins  of  segments  1-6  with  a  transverse  pubescent  baud  (in  the 
tvpe  more  or  less  completely  abraded) ;  the  head  from  the  front 
almost  circular ;  the  thorax  very  compact,  globular,  the  enclosed 
space  at  the  base  of  the  median  segment  pubescent,  coarsely  punc- 
tured. Black,  the  pubescence  white  with  a  fulvous  tint,  the 
flagellum  of  the  antennse  beneath  castaneous,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi 
and  the  posterior  margins  of  the  abdominal  segments  under  the 
pubescent  bands  testaceous ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  and  teguls 
pale  testaceous. 

Eab.  Mussooree.     J  •  Length  7 ;  exp.  14  mm.    Type  in  coll. 
Eothney. 

756.  Halictus  constrictus,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  63,  d  • 

.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  very  closely  and  finely  punctured, 
on  the  scutellum  the  punctures  are  somewhat  sparse,  and  ou  the 
abdomen  very  shallow;  head  in  front  elongate;  clypeus  much 
produced,  truncate  anteriorly ;  eyes  wide  apart,  the  inner  orbits 
nearly  parallel ;  front  not  carinate ;  antenna  massive,  as  long  as 
head  and  thorax  united  ;  median  segment  roundly  truncate  poste- 
riorly, the  lunate  concavity  as  well  as  the  sides  punctured,  with  a 
granular  appearance ;  abdomen  elongate,  longer  than  the  head  and 
thorax  united.    Black,  the  pubescence  on  the  head  and  thorax 
white,  tinged  with  fulvous,  on  the  legs  pale  and  glittering  ;  the 
tibiffl  and  tarsi  of  the  anterior,  and  the  apices  of  the  tibije  and 
tarsi  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  legs  fulvo-ferruginous ;  the 
base  of  abdominal  segments  2-5  with  narrow  transverse  bands  of 
vvhite  pubescence ;  wings  broad  and  ample,  hyaline  and  iridescent, 
nervures  and  tegulBB  dark  testaceous. 

Hab.  Northern  India  (SmitJi).    6  .  Length  7-8  ;  ewj).  20  mm. 

757.  Halictus  fimbriatellus,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2')  xiv, 
1894,  p.  429,  ?  . 

9    Head  and  thorax  minutely  and  somewhat  closely,  abdomen 
more  sparsely  punctured,  the  basal  segment  smooth  and  shming ; 


HALICTUS. 


435 


clypeus  lightly  convex,  elougate,  iinteriorly  fringed  with  stiffish 
hairs  ;  postscutellum  densely  pubescent ;  median  segmeut  rouudly 
truncate  at  apex  above,  slightly  concave,  finely  rugose,  punctate 
with  a  granular  appearance.  Dark  castaneous  brown,  the  tegulaa 
and  posterior  margins  of  the  segments  paler,  the  latter  lightly 
fringed  with  whitish  down,  the  pubescence  on  the  postscutellum 
fulvous,  on  the  clypeus  and  face  sparse  and  white  ;  wings  hyaline, 
uervures  and  stigma  testaceous. 

Hah.  Karen  Hills,  Burma;  Teuasserim.  Length  6;  exp. 
12  mm. 

758.  Halictus  ducalis. 

Halictus  amoeims,  Binc/h.  {nec  Spin.)  P.  Z.  S.  1896,  p.  451,  $ . 

2  .  The  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  (except  its  basal  segment) 
at  the  bases  of  the  segments  finely  and  closely 
punctured  ;  clypeus  broad,  anteriorly  fringed 
with  long  stiff  hairs ;  the  antennal  carina  well- 
marked;  mesonotum  marked  with  a  short 
longitudinaUy-im pressed  line  on  each  side  close 
to  the  tegulffi;  median  segment  compressed 
at  the  sides,  truncate  posteriorly,  the  space 
at  base  closely  punctured ;  basal  segment  of 
Fig.  137.  abdomen  entirely,  and  the  margins  of  the 

Halictus  ducalis,  2.  I.  others  broadly  glabrous.  Black;  the  head, 
mesonotum,  and  basal  abdominal  segment 
piceous ;  the  head  and  thorax  covered  with  a  thin  fulvous  pubes- 
cence ;  the  legs  testaceous  brown,  covered  with  a  rich  fulvous  glisten- 
ing pubescence ;  the  anal  rima  testaceous  ;  the  wings  sordid  hyaUue, 
tegulse  and  nervures  testaceous  brown.  ' 
Hah.  Sikhim  ;  Ceylon ;  Tenasserim.     $  .  Length  8 ;  ex2}.  14  mm. 

*759.  Halictus  lucidipennis,  Smith,  Cat.  1,  p.  62,  § . 

"?.  Length  2|  lines  (4-5  mm.).  Brassy  green,  head  and 
thorax  closely  and  finely  punctured,  antennae  wanting;  the  face 
covered  with  short  white  pubescence,  and  the  clypeus  ciliated  with 
white  hairs.  Thorax — the  postscutellum  covered  wiih  a  short 
downy  white  pubescence,  on  the  sides  it  is  longer  but  of  the  same 
colour,  the  enclosed  space  at  the  base  of  the  metathorax  finely 
reticulate,  the  sides  smooth  and  shining ;  wings  clear  hyaline  and 
beautifully  iridescent,  nervures  and  tegulas  very  pale  testaceous  • 
legs  rufo-testaceous,  the  anterior  tibia  and  the  intermediate 
and  posterior  tarsi  pale  rufo-testaceous,  their  pubescence  white. 
Abdomen  ovate,  finely  punctured,  the  apical  margins  narrowly 
testaceous  and  having  pale  marginal  fascia) ;  the  anal  rima  sho-htly 
fulvous  ;  beneath  testaceous.  ° 

"  d .  Sculptured  and  coloured  as  in  the  female ;  the  antenniB 
pale  fulvous,  about  the  length  of  the  head  and  thorax,  fuscous 
above;  all  the  tibiae  pale  and  the  margins  of  the  abdominal 
segments  much  depressed. 

"  Hah.  Northern  India  (coll.  J.  S.  Baly,  Esq.)." 

2f2 


436 


*7G0.  Halictus  rugolatns,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  G2,  $. 

"  5  .  Length  3.f  lines  (7-5  mm.)-    The  head  and  disk  of  the 
thorax  nigro-a3neous,  the  metathorax  black ;  head  closely  and  finely 
punctured;  the  clypeas  black,  shining  and  irregularly  deeply 
punctured.    Thorax  more  strongly  punctured  than  the  head,  the 
metathorax  truncate  and  roughly  sculptured,  the  sides  and  beneath 
rugose ;  the  tibia3  and  tarsi  above  clotlied  with  pale  fulvous  pubes- 
cence, that  beneath  is  deeper  in  colour;  the  wings  subhyaline, 
iridescent,  the  nervin-es  rufo-testaceous.   Abdomen  elongate-ovate, 
the  basal  segment  very  smooth  and  shining,  the  rest  delicately 
punctured,  the  apical  margins  smooth,  shining,  and  rufo-testa- 
ceous ;  at  the  basal  margins  of  the  second  and  third  segments 
laterally  a  patch  of  white  pubescence,  on  the  fourth  a  more  or  less 
interrupted  fascia ;  the  apex  covered  with  fulvous  pubescence. 
«  Hah.  Northern  India  (coll.  W.  W.  Saunders,  Esq.)." 

761   Halictus  cuniculus,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xiv,  1894, 
p.  437,  ?. 

9  .  Head  and  thorax  finely  and  closely  punctured,  the  abdomen 
smooth  and  shining,  with  minute  shallow  punctures  on  the  apical 
segments  ;  head  shghtly  narrowed,  and  eyes  slightly  convergent 
below  •  front  with  a  very  short  medial  vertical  carma  below  the 
anterior  ocellus ;  median  segment  truncate  posteriorly,  the  sides 
obliquely  convergent,  the  space  at  base  coarsely  reticulate  and 
margined ;  abdomen  short  and  broadly  oval.  Black,  with  an 
obscure  greenish  tint  in  certain  lights  ;  the  clypeus  and  front,  the 
cheeks  pronotum,  sides  of  the  thorax,  postscutellum,  and  legs 
covered  with  a  more  or  less  dense  hoary  pubescence,  the  2nd  and 
3rd  abdominal  segments  with  a  spot  on  each  side  and  an  obscure 
fimbria  on  the  margins  of  the  segments  of  white  pubescence ;  anal 
rima  black;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent,  nennires  and  tegulse 
pale  testaceous. 

Hah.  Tenasserim.     2  •  Lengtli  6  ;  c.iy.  11  mm. 

762.  Halictus  fuuebris,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

A  Head  and  thorax  finely  and  closely  and  the  abdomen  more 
minutely  punctured;  median  segment  short,  truncate  at  apex, 
bounded  at  the  sides,  the  enclosed  space  at  its  base  the  scuteUum, 
Ind  postscutellum  reticulate;  abdomen  long  broadening  towards 
Jheanex-  head,  thorax  above  and  on  the  sides  somewhat  thickly 
mibescent.  Jet-black  and  shining,  the  pubescence  fuscous  ;  wmgs 
hvalioe  the  nervures  and  tegid^  dark  brownish  black. 

J[S:  Mussooree,  Northern  India.  6  .  Length  9  ;  18  mm. 
Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 

763  Halictus  ciris,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

^  Held  thorax,  and  abdomen  minutely  and  closely  punctured ; 
median  segment  ^vilh  the  enclosed  space  at  base,  the  sides  pos- 
rerforly,  and  the  apex  reticulate;  abdomen  with  the  base  of  the 


HALICTUS. 


437 


2ad  segment  strongly  constricted.  Jet-black  and  shining;  the 
apex  of  the  clypeus,  the  labrum,  palpi,  apices  of  the  femora,  the 
tibiiB  and  tarsi  testaceous,  the  tibia  with  a  brownish  stain  an- 
teriorly; the  flagellum  of  the  antenna  fulvous  beneath;  wings 
hyaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  and  tegula  pale  testaceous. 

Bab.  Barrackpore,  Bengal,    d .  Lengih  5 ;  exjp.  9  mm.  Type 
in  coll.  Eothney. 

764.  Halictus  vishnu,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

(J .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  minutely  punctured,  the  last 
with  the  posterior  margins  of  the  segments  smooth  and  impunc- 
tate ;  the  head  in  front,  the  apex  of  the  median  segment,  and  the 
abdomen  pubescent,  the  pubescence  forming  slight  transverse  bands 
at  the  bases  of  the  2ud  and  3rd  abdominal  segments  ;  the  enclosed 
space  at  the  base  of  the  median  segment  and  the  apex  with 
coarse  widely-spaced  reticulations.  Black,  the  apex  of  the  clypeus, 
the  tibiaj  and  tarsi,  and  the  nervures  and  tegulas  of  the  wing  pale 
testaceous ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent. 

Hah.  Mussooree.  6.  Length  4;  exp.  7  mm.  Type  in  coll. 
Bothney. 

765.  Halictus  salutator,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

$  c?.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  very  minutely  and  closely 
punctured  and  covered  with  a  thin  soft  short  pubescence,  the  punc- 
tures on  the  front  and  vertex  of  the  head  runidng  into  longitudinal 
stria ;  the  pubescence  on  the  abdomen  more  sparse  than  on  the 
head  and  thorax,  and  confined  chiefly  to  the  apical  three  segments ; 
median  segment  concave  above,  the  enclosed  space  at  base  finely 
reticulate,  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  glabrous.  Black,  the 
pubescence  whitish,  fuscous  on  the  upper  part  of  the  face  and  on 
the  postscutellum ;  legs  with  the  tarsi  whitish,  the  posterior 
margins  of  segments  1-4  narrowly  testaceous  ;  vrings  hyaline  and 
shghtiy  iridescent,  nervures  and  tegulae  dark  brown. 

(S  slightly  smaller,  with  a  comparatively  longer  head. 

Hah.  Mussooree.  $  .  Length  8 ;  exp.  17  mm.  Type  in  coll. 
Eothney. 

766.  Halictus  bixddha,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

cJ .  Eesembles  H.  salutator,  but  is  smaller,  the  head  and  thorax 
are  more  closely  punctured,  giving  the  parts  an  opaque  look,  the 
basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  is  not  glabrous,  and  the  posterior 
margins  of  the  segments  are  strongly  constricted.  In  colour  it 
agrees  with  H.  salutator  in  having  the  base  of  the  tibiae  and  the 
entire  tarsi  white,  but  the  anterior  tibiae  are  entirely  white  and 
the  intermediate  tibiae  white  on  the  underside ;  the  apex  of  the 
clypeus  is  testaceous  yellow,  the  flagellum  of  the  antenna  beneath 
fulvous,  and  the  posterior  margins  of  the  abdominal  segments  are 
black,  not  testaceous. 

Hab.  Mussooree.  cJ.  Length  5;  exp.  10  mm.  Type  in  coll. 
Eothney. 


438 


767.  Halictus  intricatus,  Vuchal,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2*)  xiv,  1894, 

p.  433,  $. 

$  .  Head  finely  and  very  closely,  thorax  much  more  coarsely 
punctured,  abdomen  shining  impunctate ;  clypeus  and  front  pubes- 
cent; a  distinct,  media],  vertical,  short  carina  on  the  latter;  median 
segment  rounded  at  the  sides,  abruptly  truncate  and  margined 
above,  the  basal  area  coarsely  reticulate  above,  the  sides  smooth ; 
the  apical  margin  of  the  basal  abdominal  segment  constricted. 
Elack  or  dark  chalybeous  brown,  the  pubescence  hoary  white,  thin 
and  soft  on  the  face,  dense  on  the  postscutellum  and  legs ;  ab- 
domen with  transverse  bands  at  the  bases  of  the  2nd  and  3rd 
segments  of  hoary  white  pubescence,  the  band  on  the  2nd  segment 
very  fine  and  narrow  in  the  middle,  broadening  considerably  at  the 
sides,  that  on  the  3rd  segment  evenly  wide  at  the  sides  and  the 
middle ;  tarsi  of  the  legs  testaceous  ;  wings  hyahne,  nervures 
piceoua. 

ITab.  Palon  (Feu) ;  Pegu  Hills,  Burma ;  Tenasserim.  5  .  Length 
6-7*5  ;  exp.  12  mm. 

768.  Halictus  reticulatus,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xiv, 

1894,  p.  434,  ?  cJ. 
5  .  Closely  resembling  H.  intricatus :  the  head  is  broader  below, 
the  mesonotum  more  finely  punctured,  the  upper  basal  portion  of 
the  median  segment  broader  and  not  margined,  the  apex  not  so 
abruptly  truncate,  the  pubescence  is  more  fulvous,  and  the  trans- 
verse bands  at  the  base  of  abdominal  segments  2-4  less  clearly 
defined. 

c? .  The  head  scarcely  as  wide  proportionately  as  in  the  2  > 
the  antenuffi  shorter,  the  mesonotum  more  finely  punctured,  the 
posterior  legs  stouter,  with  the  tibiae  beneath  produced  slightly 
into  an  angle. 

Hal.  Karen  Hills  ;  Momeit,  Upper  Burma.  $  .  Lengtli  6-5 ; 
exp.  13  mm.     S  .  Length  5  ;  e.vp.  12  mm. 

769.  Halictus  senescens,  Smithy  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  30,  5- 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  sparsely  punctured ;  abdomen  smooth  and 
somewhat  shining;  head  transverse,  flat  in  front;  eyes  distinctly 
convergent  beneath;  clypeus  slightly  convex  at  base,  front  without 
a  carina :  median  segment  rounded  at  the  apex,  the  sides  vertical, 
the  lunate  flat  space  at  base  reticulate  ;  1st  and  2nd  abdominal 
segments  with  a  medial,  transverse,  shght  but  distuict  furrow 
above.  Black  or  chalybeous  brown;  the  clypeus,  front,  and  back 
of  the  head,  sides  of  the  thorax,  legs,  base  of  the  abdomen,  and  the 
ventral  segments  thinly  covered  with  hoary  pubescence  ;  the  post- 
scutellum and  transverse  bands,  broadest  laterally,  at  the  bases  of 
the  abdominal  segments  2-4  clothed  with  dense  white  pubescence  ; 
tarsi  and  apical  two  segments,  with  the  anal  rima,  testaceous ; 
wings  hyaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  and  tegulje  piceous. 

Lfab.  Bombay ;  Allahabad ;  Sikhim ;  Burma.  $  .  Length  B-B-o ; 
exp.  14-15  mm. 


HALICTUS.  •439 


770.  Halictus  xystonotus,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2')  xiv, 

1894,  p.  436,  2  . 

9  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  glabrous,  with  a  very  few 
scattered  punctures;  head  broad,  front  slightly  concave  not  carinate, 
the  punctures  on  it  closer  and  finer ;  eyes  not  convergent  below  ; 
niesonotum  broad,  convex,  bearing  a  conspicuous  medial  hne 
longitudinally-impressed  line  and  another  short  parallel  line  on 
each  side;  median  segment  truncate  posteriorly,  the  sides  rounded, 
the  lunate  space  at  base  coarsely  reticulate,  the  basal  segment  only 
with  a  transverse  subapical  impressed  hne.  Black,  shining,  the 
sides  of  the  pronotum  and  the  postscutellum  covered  densely  with 
fulvous  pubescence;  legs  with  black  pubescence  above  and  ferru- 
gbious  beneath ;  abdomen  with  a  fulvous-yellow  pubescent  spot  on 
each  side  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  abdominal  segments  at  base ;  anal 
rima  ferruginous;  wings  hyaline,  slightly  fuscescent,  nervures 
piceous. 

Hah.  Palon,  near  Eangoon,  Burma.    $  .  Length  8;  exp.  17  mm. 

771.  Halictus  amitinus,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2*)  xiv,  1894, 

p.  442,  ?. 

$ .  Head  and  thorax  sparsely,  the  front  above  the  antennsB 
more  closely  punctured,  the  punctures  here  running  into  obhque 
inwardly  dkected  strina ;  abdomen  smooth,  shining,  and  somewhat 
long  and  cylmdi'ical ;  eyes  not  convergent  below  ;  face  above  the 
clypeus  convex ;  median  segment  broadly  truncate  posteriorly,  the 
sides  slightly  convergent,  the  space  at  base  above  coarsely  reticulate 
and  margined.  Black,  the  sides  of  the  thorax  and  apex  of  the 
mechan  segment  with  sordid  white  pubescence,  the  clypeus  fringed 
and  the  legs  densely  covered  with  ferruginoiis  pubescence ;  the 
margins  of  the  abdominal  segments  above  densely  testaceous,  be- 
neath fringed  with  ferruginous  hau-s;  anal  rima  f  ulvo-ferrugiuous ; 
wings  dusky  hyaline,  nervures  piceous. 

Hah.  Karen  Hills,  Burma.     $  .  Lencjili  9  ;  exp.  15  mm. 

772.  Halictus  rnfo-zonatus,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xiv, 

1894,  p.  442,  $ . 

2  .  Head  above  and  thorax  with  fine  scattered  punctures  ;  on 
the  front  beneath  the  ocelli  the  punctures  are  somewhat  closer ; 
front  shghtly  elongate,  the  eyes  not  convergent  beneath ;  median 
segment  abruptly  truncate  posteriorly,  the  sides  as  well  as  the 
apex  above  margined,  the  face  of  the  truncation  with  a  short 
medial  vertical  carina,  the  lunate  space  at  base  coarsely  reticulate  ; 
abdomen  broadly  oval,  smooth  and  shining.  Black,  the  apical 
margins  of  the  basal  two  abdominal  segments  broadly  rufo-testa- 
ceous ;  the  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  covered  with  a  thin  and 
short  and  the  legs  with  a  dense  long  pale  pubescence ;  anal  rima 
fulvous  ;  wings  hyaline,  slightly  fuscescent,  nervures  and  tegulsB 
pale  testaceous. 

Hah.  Bhamo,  Upper  Burma.     $  .  Length  8-5-9  ;  exp.  15  mm. 


APlDiE. 


773.  Halictus  liodomus,  Vachal,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  xiv,  1894, 

p. -135,  $. 

2  .  Head  smooth,  sliglitly  shining,  with  only  a  few  scattered 
punctures  ;  niesonotum  rugose,  with  shallow  fine  reticulations ; 
abdomen  smooth,  the  basal  segment  highly  polished  and  shiuiug; 
front  nob  carinate,  ilattish,  narrowed  inferiorly,  the  eyes  distinctly 
convei-gent  below  ;  mesonotum  broad,  barely  convex,  scutellum 
slightly  prominent;  median  segment  rounded  at  the  sides,  truncate 
posteriorly,  the  lunate  space  at  base  coarsely  rugose.  Black ;  the 
clypeus,  back  of  the  head,  sides  of  the  thorax  and  of  the  median 
segment  with  a  thin  hoary  pubescence ;  legs  covered  with  a  fuscous 
brown,  the  underside  of  the  femora  and  tibite  with  a  brighter 
brown  pubescence ;  abdomen  with  narrow  transverse  bands  of 
white  pubescence  at  the  base  of  segments  2-4 ;  wings  hyaline, 
slightly  fuscescent,  nervures  dark  bi'own. 

Hal.  Bhamo,  Upper  Burma ;  Karen  Hills.  §  .  Length  6-7 ; 
exp,  13  mm. 

774.  Halictus  dissimulandus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli, 

1897. 

J  .  Head  and  thorax  pubescent,  densely  punctured  ;  the  median 
segment  short,  posteriorly  rounded,  the  apex  sharply  truncate, 
the  truncation  smooth,  the  enclosed  space  at  the  base  coarsely 
reticulate,  the  stria;  diverging  outwards ;  abdomen  smooth  and 
shining.  Head  and  thorax  black  ;  abdomen  castaneous,  the  1st  to 
the  4th  segment  above  stained  with  fuscous,  the  5th  and  apical 
segments  above  black,  the  basal  segments  beneath  and  the  legs 
dark  testaceous  brown  ;  the  clypeus  densely,  the  thorax  and  legs 
lightly  covered  with  a  hoary  pubescence ;  wings  hyahne  and 
iridescent,  the  nervures  and  teguloe  pale  testaceous. 
Hah.  Mussooree.  6-  Lewjth  6;  e.vp.  12  mm. 

775.  Halictus  serenus,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

S  .  Head  and  thorax  somewhat  thickly  pubescent,  beneath  the 
pubescence  opaque;  abdomen  smooth,  slightly  shming ;  median 
segment  with  the  enclosed  semicircular  space  at  base  large  and 
coarsely  reticulate,  the  rest  of  the  segment  above  and  on  the  sides 
slightly  punctured  and  pubescent ;  abdomen  subcordate,  the  seg- 
ments above,  in  a  strong  hght,  appear  to  be  very  finely  and  closely 
punctured.  Black ;  the  pubescence  white,  golden  yellow  on  the 
legs ;  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  rufo-fuscous,  with  a  fuscous 
transverse  stripe  above ;  wings  hyahne,  nervures  and  tegulffi  pale 
testaceous. 

Hub.  Mussooree.     6  •  Length  5  ;  e.vp.  12  mm. 

Genus  ANDRENA. 

Andrena,  pt.,  Fabr.  S!/st.  Ent.  p.  376  (1775). 
Melitta,  Kirhy,  Man.  Apum  Angl.  i,  p.  130  (1802). 

Type,  A.  cineraria,  Fabr. 
liange.  Both  hemispheres. 


ANDRBNA. 


441 


Head  ( 2 )  as  wide  as  or  (in  6  generally)  wider  than  the 
thorax;  eyes  oval,  large;  ocelli  in  a  triangle  on  the  vertex; 
antenna  filiform,  basal  joint  of  flagellum  longest;  labial  palpi 
4-iointed,  basal  joint  longest,  the  following  joints  successively 
shorter ;  maxillary  palpi  6-jointed,  the  2nd  longest.  Thorax  broadly 


1  2 
Fig.  138. — Andrena.  1,  maxilla ;  2,  labium. 

ovate  ;  fore  wing  vsdth  the  marginal  cell  long  and  lanceolate,  three 
cubital  cells,  the  2nd  and  3rd  each  receiving  a  recurrent  nervure  ; 
legs  moderately  long,  the  posterior  trochanters  with  a  long  floccus 
of  soft  hairs ;  posterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  densely  pubescent  on  the 
outer  side.  Abdomen  somewhat  elongate  and  massive,  apical 
margin  of  5th  segment  and  the  6th  segment  (  $  )  furnished  with 
a  dense  pubescent  fimbria ;  in  the  males  the  abdomen  is  markedly 
narrower  and  longer  in  proportion. 

The  nesting-habits  of  the  few  Indian  species  of  this  genus  that 
I  have  had  an  opportunity  of  watching  resemble  those  of  their 
European  allies.  I  have  found  Nomacla  adusta,  Smith,  frequently 
about  the  entrances  to  the  nest-holes  of  Anclrena  mollis  in  the  hills 
in  Burma. 

Key  to  the  Species. 


A.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median  segment 
punctured. 

a.  A  medial  vertical  furrow  from  apex  of  en- 

closed space  to  apex  of  median  segment. 

a'.  Apical  half  of  1st  to  base  naiTOwly  of  6th 

abdominal  segment  reddish    A.  torrida,  p.  442. 

b'.  Basal  two  abdominal  segments  honey- 
yellow,  remainder  black   A.  rothneyi,  p.  443, 

b.  Median  segment  without  a  medial  vertical 

furrow. 

a' .  Apical  half  of  Ist,  all  2nd  and  3rd  (or 
only  basal  margin  of  3rd)  abdominal  seg- 
ments reddish    A.  communis,  p.  443. 

b'.  Apical  margin  of  Ist  with  basal  and  apical 

margins    of  abdominal  segments  2-4  [p.  443. 

narrowly  honey-yellow    A.  mephittophelica. 


442 


APID^E, 


B.  Enclosed  spnce  at  bnse  of  median  segment 

finely  obliquely  striate    A.  gracillima,  p.  444. 

C.  Enclosed  space  nt  base  of  median  segment 

reticulate. 

a.  Clypeus  black,  with  a  broad  triangular  brown 

macula   A.  anonijma,  p.  444. 

h.  Clypeus  black,  immaculate. 
a'.  Length  8-9  mm. 

d'.  Apical  margins  of  abdominal  segments 

rufo-testaceous   A.Jloridula,  p.  444, 

Apical  margins  of  abdominal  segments 

black   A.phcedra,  p.  444. 

b'.  Length  12-13  mm. 

u^.  Median  segment  obscurely  transversely 

striate    A.  morosa,  p.  445. 

b^.  Median    segment    not  transversely 
striate. 

a'*.  Median  segment  with  a  small  smooth 
triangular  space  beneath  enclosed 

reticulate  space  at  base    A.  sacrissima,  p.  445. 

b^.  Median    .segment  concavo-truncate 
posteriorly,  without  such  triangular 

space  . . .'   A,  reticulata,  p.  445. 

T).  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median  segment 
longitudinally  rugose. 
a.  Abdomen  nearly  bare  or  with  very  short 

pubescence    A.  mollis,  p.  446. 

h.  Abdomen  with  stiff,  somewhat  dense  pubes- 
cence on  apical  three  segments   A.  harrkta,  p.  446. 

776.  Andrena  torrida,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.M.  p.  50,  $  J; 
Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  156. 
2 .  Head,  pronotum,  and  mesonotum  shining,  rather  closely 
punctured ;' median  segment  and  abdomen  smooth,  with  only 
a  few  scattered  punctures;  clypeus  broad,  anteriorly  margined 
and  fimbriated  with  stifE  hairs  ;  a  fine  Y-shaped  groove  on  the 
median  segment,  the  space  enclosed  by  the  fork  of  the  Y  under  a 
high  magnifying-power  appears  very  minutely  and  densely  punc- 
tured •  abdomen  oval.  Black ;  the  apical  half  of  the  1st  to  the 
base  narrowly  of  the  6th  abdominal  segment  red  ;  the  clypeus  and 
■  lower  half  of  the  face,  the  thorax  and  abdomen  sparsely  covered 
with  soft  pale  pubescence,  slightly  fuscous  on  the  median  segment 
and  apex  of  the  abdomen,  and  white  and  glittering  on  the  legs ; 
the  apical  pint  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennas  and  the  posterior 
femora  beneath  obscurely  rufo-testaceous;  wings  fusco-hyaUne, 
with  a  purple  effulgence  paler  at  base.  .    ,     ,        ,  , 

S  similar,  slighter  ;  abdomen  broader  posteriorly  than  at  base, 
the  basal  two-thirds  of  the  1st  segment,  the  middle  above  of  the 
4th,  and  the  apical  two  segments  black;  the  pubescence  on  the 
face  fulvous,  white  on  the  abdomen,  forming  subapical  transverse 
bands  on  the  apical  four  segments.  ,  -,o  tq 

Eah.  Central  and  Western  India.  ?  6  •  Length  12-13 ;  e.vj). 
23-25  mm. 


ANBHENA. 


443 


777.  Andrena  rothneyi.    (PI.  in,  fig.  8.) 

Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

$  .  Head  in  front  and  on  the  occiput,  thorax  on  the  sides,  the 
legs,  and  apical  three  segments  of  the  abdomen  with  longish  soft 
pubescence;  head  and  thorax  under  the  pubescence  closely  and 
finely  punctured  ;  abdomen  smooth,  opaque  ;  median  segment  with 
a  large  triangular  depressed  space  at  base  finely  rugulose,  and 
bearing  a  short  medial  longitudinal  furrow.  Black ;  the  basal 
two  segments  of  the  abdomen  honey-yellow ;  antennae  obscurely 
alutaceous  beneath,  the  pubescence  on  the  head  and  thorax  fuscous  ; 
the  posterior  femora  and  tibite  each  with  a  dense  floccus  of  whitish 
golden  hairs ;  the  apical  segments  of  the  abdomen,  especially  on 
the  sides,  with  fimbriae  of  whitish  pubescence;  wings  hyaUne, 
nervures  and  tegulse  dark  testaceous. 

Hdb.  Mussooree.    Length  10-11 ;  ex^,  20  mm. 

778.  Andrena  communis,  Smith,  Neic  8p.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  50,  5  ;  Ball. 

Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  130. 
Andrena  maligna,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

5 .  Head  closely,  thorax  more  sparsely  punctured,  the  punc- 
tures running  into  fine  obscure  striae  on  the  front  of  the  head ; 
abdomen  very  minutely  and  closely  punctured ;  head  ti'ansverse, 
flat,  and  slightly  emargiuate  posteriorly ;  clypeus  shghtly  convex, 
almost  circular;  median  segment  depressed,  rounded  at  apex,  the 
enclosed  space  at  base  bread,  concave,  densely  and  finely  punc- 
tured;  abdomen  broad,  depressed,  and  oval.  Black;  the  apical 
margin  narrowly  of  the  1st,  the  whole  of  the  2nd,  and  the  basal 
margin  of  the  3rd  segment  red;  the  antennas  and  legs  obscurely 
piceous  ;  the  pubescence  on  the  head  and  the  marginal  fimbriae  on 
abdominal  segments  2-4  white ;  the  sides  of  the  thorax,  the 
median  segment  at  the  sides  and  densely  at  apex,  the  legs,  and 
apical  two  abdominal  segments  with  longish  fuscous  pubescence; 
wings  hyaline  and  iridescent. 

Hab.  Mussooree,  7000  feet.     5  .  Leiigth  9 ;  exjj.  17  mm. 

779.  Andrena  mephistophelica,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc  xli, 

1897. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  densely,  abdomen  more  thinly  pubescent ; 
median  segment  with  thick  long  tufts  of  hair  on  the  sides ;  head 
about  the  ocelli  and  vertex  longitudinally  striate ;  mesonotum, 
scutellum,  and  postscutellum  under  the  pubescence  sparsely,  and 
median  segment  densely  punctured  ;  the  enclosed  triangular  space 
at  the  base  not  well-defined  in  the  2  >  coarsely  punctured  in  the  ; 
abdomen,  where  devoid  of  pubescence,  smooth,  finely,  not  very 
closely  punctured.  Black,  the  pubescence  whitish  yellow ;  the 
posterior  margin  of  the  basal  abdominal  segment  and  the  basal  and 
apical  margins  of  segments  2-4  narrowly  honey-yellow  ;  the  margins 
of  the  segments  fringed  with  whitish  hairs ;  wings  hyaline,  lightly 
fuscesceut,  nervures  and  tegulae  dark  brown. 

Bab.  Mussooree.     $  J .  Length  9-12 ;  6.vj),  20-22  mm. 


444 


apid;b. 


780.  Andrena  gracillima,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

2 .  Head  in  front  sparselj-,  thorax,  median  segment,  and 
abdomen  densely  pubescent,  the  head  about  the  ocelU  and  vertex 
longitudinally  striate  ;  the  thorax,  median  segment,  and  abdomen 
under  the  pubescence  finely  but  somewhat  sparingly  punctured ; 
the  enclosed  triangular  space  at  the  base  of  the  median  segment 
finely  and  obliquely  striate.  Black  ;  the  head  in  front  with 
fuscous,  the  thorax,  median  segment,  base  of  the  abdomen,  the 
coxte,  trochanters,  and  femora  of  the  legs  with  long  fulvous,  and 
the  tibias  and  tarsi,  apical  half  of  the  ]  st  and  remaining  abdominal 
segments  above  with  sooty-black  pubescence  ;  the  apical  margins 
of  segments  2-4  above  fringed  with  a  mixture  of  white  and 
fuscous  hairs  ;  wings  hyaline,  fuscescent  towards  the  apex, 
nervures  and  tegulse  testaceoiis. 

Mab.  Mussooree.     ?  .  Length  15 ;  exp.  28  mm. 

781.  Andrena  anonyma,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

5  .  Eesembles  A.  morosa,  but  the  punctures  on  the  mesonotum 
are  more  widely  spaced ;  the  clypeus  is  subporrect,  its  anterior 
margin  rugose^  the  base  with  coarser  punctures  ;  the  median 
segment  finely  rugulose,  the  enclosed  reticulate  space  at  the  base 
narrower  ;  the  abdomen  smooth  and  shining.  Pubescence  thinner, 
not  so  abundant  but  of  the  same  colour  and  disposed  as  in 
A.  morosa.  Black,  tlje  apex  of  the  clypeus  with  a  broad  triangular 
mark  and  the  mandibles  castaneous  red:  thorax  and  abdomen 
entirely  black ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulaj  pale  testaceous. 

Eab.  Mussooree.  $ .  Length  10-12 ;  exjp.  20  mm.  Type  in 
coll.  Eothuey. 

*782.  Andrena  floridula,  Smith,  2nd,  Yark.  Miss.,  Hym.  p.  2,  pi.  — , 
tig.  4. 

"  s  •  "Black  ;  the  head,  thorax,  and  legs  with  long,  thin,  cinereous 
pubescence,  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae  fulvous  beneath ;  the 
mandibles  ferruginous  at  their  apex.  Thorax— the  wings  hyalme 
and  iridescent ;  the  nervures  and  stigma  rufo-testaceous  ;  the  legs 
dark  rufo-piceous,  the  posterior  libiaj  and  tarsi  fulvous  and  clothed 
with  silvery  pubescence.  Abdomen  oblong  ovate;  the  apical 
margins  of  the  segments  testaceous  and  with  a  thin  fringe  of 
whitish  pubescence ;  the  apex  fulvo-testaceous.  Male,  length 
4  Unes  (  =  about  9  mm.).  ^  „ 

"Bab.  Dras,  Kargil,  and  Leh,  all  in  Ladak. 

783.  Andrena  phsedra,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xh,  1897. 

S  Head  and  thorax  with  long  thick  pubescence,  the  head  and 
median  segment  closely  and  coarsely  punctured ;  the  pro-  and 
mesonotunf,  scutellum,  and  postscutellum  wath  large,  somewhat 
widely  spaced  punctures  under  the  pubescence;  median  segment 
with  the  enclosed  space  at  base  reticulate,  beneath  this  a  small 
triangular  space  smooth  and  shining;  abdomen  finely  and  closely 


ANDEENA. 


445 


punctured  and  thinly  pubescent,  the  pubescence  forming  narrow 
transverse  bands  on  the  posterior  margins  of  segments  2-6  above. 
Black,  the  pubescence  on  the  front  of  the  head  and  on  the  thorax 
above  cinereous  with  a  fulvous  tinge,  on  the  head  and  thorax 
beneath  and  on  the  legs  white  ;  the  bands  on  the  margins  of  the 
abdominal  segments  white;  wings  hyaline,  uervures  and  tegulas 
testaceous. 

2  similar,  but  the  smooth  ti'iangular  space  on  the  median 
segment  is  smaller. 

Hah.  Mussooree.  cj  .  Length  8  ;  exp.  17  mm.  $  .  Length  8-9  ; 
exp.  16  mm.    Types  in  coll.  Kothney. 

784.  Andrena  sacrissima,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

c? .  Closely  resembles  A.  phcedra,  but  is  a  larger  and  stouter 
insect;  the  pro- and  mesonotum  are  more  closely  punctured ;  the 
enclosed  space  at  the  base  of  the  median  segment  more  coarsely 
reticulate,  the  sides  and  apex  being  smooth  and  shining,  and  the 
abdomen  shining  with  very  minute  and  dense  punctures.  Pubes- 
cence as  in  A.  phcedra,  but  scantier,  shorter,  and  on  the  thorax 
more  fuscous. 

ffab.  Mussooree.  <J .  Length  12  ;  exp.  24  mm.  Type  in  coll. 
Eothney. 

785.  Andrena  morosa,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897 

2  .  Head  above  the  bases  of  the  antennae  longitudinally  striate  ; 
clypeus  large,  with  distant  punctures  ;  thorax  finely  and  not  very 
closely  punctured  ;  median  segment  obscurely  transversely  striate, 
the  enclosed  space  at  base  very  narrow,  reticulate ;  abdomen  smooth 
and  shining ;  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  covered  with  a  thin 
pubescence,  slightly  more  dense  and  long  on  the  sides  of  the 
thorax,  the  sides  and  apex  of  the  median  segment,  and  on  the  legs  : 
on  the  abdomen  the  pubescence  forms  transverse  bands,  more  or 
less  obliterated  in  the  middle,  on  the  posterior  mai-gins  of  seg- 
ments 2-4.  Black,  the  pubescence  cinereous  ;  the  apical  margins 
of  the  1st  and  2nd  abdominal  segments  above  bright,  3rd  and  4th 
dark  obscure  testaceous  brown,  apical  segment  thickly  studded 
with  fuscous  hairs ;  wings  hyaline  with  a  slight  fuscous  tinge, 
nervures  and  tegiilse  testaceous. 

Hah.  Mussooree.  $ .  Length  12-13 ;  exp.  19  mm.  Type  in 
coll.  Eothney. 

786.  Andrena  reticulata,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  coarsely,  abdomen  finely  punctured  ;  the 
head  and  thorax  somewhat  thinly,  the  median  segment  densely 
pubescent ;  abdomen  with  transverse  narrov/  pubescent  bands 
above,  at  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment  and  the  posterior  margins  of 
segments  2-5 ;  median  segment  remarkably  short,  concavo-truncate 
posteriorly,  the  enclosed  space  at  base  coarsely  reticulate ;  legs  stout, 
the  posterior  femora  and  tibiae  with  a  thick  floccus  of  soft  hairs. 
Black,  the  pubescence  fulvous,  whitish  beneath  the  head,  on  the 


446 


anterior  and  intermediate  legs  and  pectus  ;  the  transverse  bands 
on  the  abdomen  white  ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulas 
testaceous. 

Hah.  Mussooree.     2  .  Length  12 ;  exp.  22  mm.    Type  in  coll. 
Eothney. 

This  species  is  a  broader  stouter  insect  with  more  ample  wings 
than  the  majority  of  the  species  of  Andrena. 

787.  Andrena  mollis,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  50,  $ ;  Ball. 
Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  138. 

5  6  ■  Somewhat  resembling  A.  torrida,  but  the  puncturing  on 
the  head  and  thorax  very  much  finer  and  closer  ;  median  segment 
without  the  Y-shaped  furrow,  a  deep  broad  groove  at  base  above 
longitudinally  rugose,  the  apex  truncate,  the  sides  rounded  and 
highly  polished,  the  apex  with  longish  pubescence  ;  the  abdomen 
shorter,  more  broadly  oval.  Black,  the  legs  and  abdomen  pale  honey- 
yellow  ;  the  coxae,  trochanters,  and  femora  at  base  of  the  anterior 
and  intermediate  legs,  with  the  apex  of  the  intermediate  tibiae  also, 
and  the  posterior  coxae,  trochanters,  femora  above,  and  base  of  the 
tibiaB  fuscous  black ;  the  1st  and  2nd  abdominal  segments  with 
lateral  black  maculse,  the  3rd  segment  with  a  transverse  broad 
fascia  in  the  middle  above,  and  the  4th  and  following  segments 
black ;  pubescence  as  in  A.  torrida,  but  fulvous  golden  ;  wings 
hyaline,  very  slightly  fuscescent. 

Var.  With  a  lateral  black  macula  on  the  2nd  abdominal  segment 
only,  the  3rd  and  4th  segments  with  transverse  black  bands  in  the 
middle,  the  5th  and  apical  segments  with  a  gi-eenish  tmt ;  or  the 
2ud  and  3rd  segments  with  lateral  black  maculae,  the  4th  with  a 
transverse  black  band  at  base,  the  following  segments  greenish  ;  or 
the  legs  and  abdomen  entirely  honey-yellow,  the  2nd  and  3rd 
segments  with  lateral  maculsB,  and  the  5th  with  a  transverse  band 
at  base  black. 

Hab.  Bombay;  Assam;  Burma;  Tenasserim.  ?  d  •  Length 
8-10;,exp.  15-19  mm, 

788.  Andrena  harrietae,  n.  sp. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  pubescent,  the  vertex 
of  the  head,  the  1st  abdominal  segment  and  base  of  the  2ud 
punctured  and  covered  with  only  a  few  scat- 
tered  hairs  ;   head  subtriangular,  the  inner 
orbits  parallel ;  eyes  narrowly  oval,  the  oceUi 
large,  prominent,  in  a  curve  on  the  vertex. 
Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  under  the  pubes- 
cence black ;  the  clypeus,  front,  thorax  an- 
^     ^        teriorly,  and  sides  and  apex  of  the  median  seg- 
Fig.  UO.-Andrcna  ment  clothed  with  long  fuscous  grey  pubes- 
harrieice,  §■    i-      cence  ;  the  posterior  half  of  the  mesonotum, 
the  scutellum,  postscutellum,  the  legs  except 
the  apical  four  joints  of  the  tarsi,  and  the  basal  two  abdominal 


ATfDRENA. — NOMIA. 


447 


seo-ments  above  covered  willi  black,  the  3rd  and  following  abdo- 
mfoal  segments  with  ferruginous-red  pubescence  ;  the  antonuu; 
piceoas ;  'the  apical  four  joints  of  the  tarsi  without  pubescence, 
testaceous ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  and  tegulae 
dark  brown. 

Hah.  Eangit  Valley,  Sikhim,  1000  feet.  ?  .  Length  14  ;  exp. 
26  mm.    Type  in  coll.  British  Museum. 

Genus  NOMIA. 

Nomia,  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  xiii,  p.  369  (1805). 

Type,      curvipes,  Eabr. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  transverse,  clypeus  not  produced  as  in  Halictua;  eyes 
more  or  less  convergent  beneath ;  ocelli  arranged  in  a  curve  on 
the  vertex;  antennse  filiform,  geniculated;  mandibles  grooved 
above,  the  apex  with  two  teeth,  the  inner  very  much  shorter  than 
the  outer ;  labial  palpi  4-jointed,  the  tongue  short  trifld  and 
plumed ;  maxillary  palpi  6-jointed,  the  joints  subclavate,  the 
apical  lobe  of  the  maxilla  very  short,  very  much  shorter  than  the 
basilar  portion.  Thorax  subglobose ;  median  segment  very  short, 
depressed,  generally  vertical,  a  narrow  space  at  base  usually 

differently  sculptured  from  the  rest 
of  the  segment,  very  often  depressed, 
concave ;  legs  stout,  each  posterior 
femur  (in  females)  with  a  floccus  of 
long  hairs,  and  the  tibiae  densely 
])ubescent;  in  the  male  the  posterior 
femora  and  tibise,  with  a  few  excep- 
tions, more  or  less  thickened,  the 
inner  apical  angle  of  the  tibise 
produced,  often  remarkably.  Wings 
short  and  broad,  the  radial  cell  in 
the  fore  wing  rounded  at  apex,  the 
apex  closely  approximate  to  the 
I  \^  costal  margin;   three  cubital  cells, 

\J  the  3rd  the  longest,  the  2nd  gene- 

rally square,  receiving  the  1st 
recurrent  nervure  past  the  middle, 
the  3rd  cubital  cell  strongly  con- 
stricted towards  the  marginal  cell, 
at  top  about  one-third  as  wide  as  at  bottom,  receiving  the  2nd 
recurrent  nervure  past  the  middle.  Abdomen  broad,  as  broad  as 
the  thorax,  often  broader,  oval,  elliptical,  or  with  the  basal  segment 
sometimes  narrowed. 

The  species  of  this  genus  that  I  have  observed  make  their  nests 
in  the  hard  earth  of  banks,  sometimes  on  the  flat  ground  beneath 
the  pile-raised  houses  in  Burma,  storing  pollen  as  food  for  their 
larv£B ;  the  pollen,  as  I  have  often  noticed,  is  carried  on  the  hairy 
posterior  femora  and  tibiae. 


1  3 
Fig.  141. — Nomia.     1,  maxilla; 
2,  mandible ;  3,  labium.  (Much 
enlarged.) 


448 


AVIDM. 


Key  to  the  Species. 
A.  Abdomen  -with  non-pubescent  transverse 
fasciae. 

a.  Postscutellum  armed  with  two  spmea  or 

teeth  posteriorly. 
a'.  Abdomen  beneath  and  posterior  legs 

black :  length  11-13  mm   N.  elbohi,  p.  449. 

h'.  Abdomen  beneath  and  posterior  legs 

riifo-testaceous :  length  8  mm   N.  westivoodn,  p.  449. 

b.  Postscutellum  unnrmed  posteriorly. 

a'.  Thorax  with  more  or   less  fulvous 
pubescence. 
d\  Legs  mfo-fulvous  or  ferruginous, 
a".  First  abdominal  segment  without 

a  transverse  fascia   N.  chalybeata,  p.  450. 

IP.  First  abdominal  segment  with  a  _ 

transverse  fascia   N.  ciirvipes,  p.  450. 

Legs  fuscous  blaclc,8ometimes  piceous. 
a'.  Mesonotum    above  with   dense  _ 

short  rufo-fulvous  pubescence  . .    A.  thoracica,  p.  4ftl. 
Mesonotum  above  without  or  at 
most  with  very  pale  fulvous  pu- 

bescence   •  ■  •  •    -ZV. /omosa,  p.  451 

b'.  Thorax  with  griseous  or  white  pubes- 

a^.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median 
seo-ment  longitudinally  rugose.  _ 
o3.  Clvpeus  with  a  medial  vertical 

carina    P- 

J^  Clypeus  not  carlnate  iV--  albofasciata,  p.  452. 

Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median  _ 
segment  coarsely  punctured  ......    N.  cannata,  p.  453. 

B  Abdomen  with  pubescent  transverse  fasciaa. 
■a.  Fascia,  at  bases  of  abdominal  .segments    ^  ^  ^_ 

b.  'F&scL  on  margins  of  abdominal  segments 
only. 

a'.  Abdomen  black  with  base  red. 

Abdominal  fasciae  pale  fulvous  ....    N.  p.  453. 

5^  Abdominal  fascia  silvery  white  ....    N.  pibpes,  p.  454. 
b'  Abdomen  except  fascise  unicolorous. 

Abdominal  fascise  golden  or  some 
shade  of  yellow. 
a^.  Enclosed  space  at  base  ot  median 
segment  longitudinally  stnate  or 

a^' Le°ngth  14-15  mm   ^-  antennata,  p.  454. 

ft":  Length  8-10  mm  ,.-  N.  aunfrons,  ^.  A5o. 

b''  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median 

^.^rnSfiirr.':   N.capitata,,.^^. 

•^SSirrounTd  anteriorly  . .  N.  comb^.ta,  p.  456. 
55.  Clypeus  transverse,  somewhat 

produced  anteriorly   N.  clypeata,  p.  466. 

c»  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median 

segment  coarsely  reticulate   ....  N.  fervxda,  p.  456. 


NOMIA. 


449 


P.  Abdominnl  fascias  white. 

a^.  Enclosed  spnoe  at  base  of  median 
seo-ment  with  a  single  row  of 

coarse  pimctiii-es   N.  o.vi/belouIes, -p.  457. 

b'.  Enclosed  space  at  base  of  median 
segment  obscurely  transversely 

striate   "   N.  ruitica, -p.  4&7. 

c^.  Abdominal  fascife  cinereous. 

a^.  Third  cubital  cell  of  fore  wing  less 

than  twice  length  of  2nd    N.  vincta,  p.  458. 

Third  cubital  cell  of  fore 
more  than  twice  as  long  as  2nd. 
a'.  Thorax  above  with  dense  rufo- 

fiilvous  pubescence   N.  scutellata,  p.  458. 

i'.  Thorax  above  with  thin  cinereous 

pubescence    N.  aurata,  p.  458. 

C.  Abdomen  witliout  transverse  fasciee. 

a.  Clypeus  with  a  medial  vertical  carina. ...    N.  terminata,  p.  459. 

b.  Clypeus  not  carinated    N.  fuscipennis,  p.  459. 

789.  Nomia  elliotii,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  &C.1875,  p.  44,  9  J  ;  Datt. 
Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  166. 

2 .  Head  and  thorax  closely  and  finely  punctured,  more 
sparsely  and  coarsely  on  the  scutellum;  abdomen  smooth,  opaque, 
the  bases  o£_  the  segments  only  punctured ;  clypeus  flat,  carinate 
down  the  middle,  transverse  anteriorly ;  the  scutellum  with  a  more 

or  less  deep  notch,  or  bituberculate 
posteriorly  ;  the  postscutellum  with 
two  teeth  or  spines  in  the  middle 
posteriorly ;  the  space  at  the  base  of 
the  median  segment  finely  punctured, 
'  the  basal  four  abdominal  segments 
with  transverse  impressed  lines  across 
the  middle.  Black,  the  head  and  thorax 
Fig.  142.— Nomia  elliotii,  cS.  f.    ""'^^^  ^  ^l^i^  somewhat  griseous  thin 

pubescence,thelegs  with  palegHttering 
dense  pubescence ;  the  teeth  on  the  postscutellum  dark  chestnut- 
brown;  the  basal  four  abdominal  segments  with  bright  emerald- 
green  transverse  fascia?  on  their  apical  margins ;  wings  hyaline, 
sHghtly  fuscescent  along  their  apical  margins. 

d  similar ;  the  tubercles  at  the  lateral  angles  of  the  scutellum 
and  the  medial  spines  on  the  postscutellum  more  prominent ;  the 
posterior  femora  greatly  swollen,  the  tibiae  flattened,  the  apex  on 
the  inner  side  produced  into  a  blunt  testaceous  process. 

ffab.  The  plains  of  India  generally;  Burma,  Tenasserim. 
2  .  Lenr/th  11-12;  «.rj3.  22-23  mm.    d  slightly  smaller. 

790.  Nomia  westwoodii,  Oribodo,  Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Ital.  1894,  n  128  • 
Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  170.  ' 
Nomia  simillima,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1876,  p.  44,  cJ ,  pi  ii 
fig.  4  {nec  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1863,  p.  46). 
TOL.  I.  2  G 


450  APIDiB. 

This  is  closely  allied  to  N.  ellioiii,  and  like  that  species 
has  the  posterior  lateral  angles  of  the  seutellum  tuberculate  and 
the  postscutellum  armed  with  two  teeth ;  but  it  is  constantly 
smaller  the  posterior  femora  and  tibia)  are  proportionately 
not  so  swollen  and  tliiclc,  and  the  inner  angle  of  the  apex 
of  the  latter  is  produced  and  rounded,  not  formnig  a  flat 
sharply  truncate  process  as  in  xV.  ellioiii.  Tn  colour,  too,  N  ivest- 
«;ooc/h' differs  in  having  the  abdomen  beneath  and  the  posterior 
legs  pale  rufo-testaceous. 

Bab.  Bengal.     6  .  Length  8  ;  exj).  15  mm. 

791  Nomia  chalybeata,  Smith,  Tram.  lint.  Soc  1875,  p.  59,  2  d , 
pi.  ii,  fig.  5,  6  ;  I^^M.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  165. 

9  Head  above,  thorax,  and  abdomen  very  finely  and  closely 
punctured  :  clypeus  more  coarsely  rugose,  convex,  transverse 
Eorly,  with  a  medial  vertical  carina;  median  segment  very 
Bhor  v2  ical,  and  rounded  posteriorly,  a  hollow  space  a  ong  the 
base  above  cmrselv  longitudinally  rugose.  Black;  be  legs  and 
the  apical  ten  ioint  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antenna,  beneath  rufo- 
ulvous  ;  the  pubescence  on  the  face  and  cheeks  griseous  with  a 
yellowish  tint%n  the  thorax  and  legs  °f  y^^^^^^^ 

ibdomen  above  very  sparse,  erect,  and  black,  °^  ^J*^ 
beneath  more  or  less  fulvous  ;  abdominal  segments  2-4  ^.lth  bioad 
blue-green  fasciaj  on  their  apical  margnis. 

^  similar  ;  abdominal  segments  2-5  with  blue-green  fascue  the 
postri^  emora  incrassate,  the  tibi«,  cin-ved  and  produced  at  t^e.r 
S  ces  ?nto  blunt,  apically-truncated,  thin  processes  of  a  pa  e 
Staceous  colour.    Wings"  in  both  sexes  flavo-hyalme,  very  slightly 

^^X^^^-  ^^^^^ ■' 

p.  165. 

■  Q    Head  and  abdomen  lightly  but  closely,  thorax  densely  and 
¥  •  ^^^^  f"""     „4.„^„rl  •   plvneus   slit^htlv  convex,  transverse 
■  '7;"medrn  sl^ment  soSat  coarsely  punctured,  rounded 
:f  r  fd;s  tSrapelToncavo-truncate  ;  the  nai.ow  space  along 

"T°';I.™XtoS»^"»™rre„sel,  swollen,  the  «bi» 


NOMIA. 


451 


yellow ;  apical  halves  of  the  femora,  the  tibia?,  and  tarsi  yellow, 
the  coxoB,  trochanters,  and  base  of  the  femora  black. 

Hah.  The  Punjab  ;  Bengal;  Upper  Burma.  $  d .  LengtJi  11- 
12  ;  exp.  22  mm* 

793.  Nomia  thoracica,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  45,  P  (f,  pi.  i, 
fig.  10 ;  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  170. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  legs  densely  pubescent ;  median  segment 
posteriorly  bare,  and  as  well  as  the  abdomen  very  closely  and 
finely  punctured ;  clypeus  convex,  nearly  transverse  anteriorly ; 
median  segment  vertical,  the  groove  along  base  above  longitudinally 
rugose.  Black,  the  legs  underneath  the  pubescence  fuscous,  abdo- 
men with  the  apical  margins  of  the  basal  four  segments  nai-rowly 
white ;  the  pubescence  on  the  head  somewhat  thin  and  cinereous, 
on  the  mesonotum  and  scutellum  dense,  short,  and  rich  rufo- 
fulvous,  on  the  postscuteUum,  sides  of  the  thorax,  and  lego  pale 


Fig.US.—Nomiathoracica,  2-    h         Tig.UA.—Nomia  thoracica,^ .  f. 

and  glittering,  on  the  abdomen  much  sparser  and  black ;  wings 
hyaline  with  a  slight  yellow  tint,  nervures  and  teguls  testaceous 
brown. 

d  similar ;  the  legs  black,  only  thinly  pubescent,  each  of  the 
posterior  coxas  with  a  small  tubercle,  the  posterior  femora  and 
tibiae  greatly  swollen,  the  apices  of  the  latter  whitish  and  triangu- 
larly produced  beneath ;  abdomen  as  in  the  ?  ,  but  with  no  white 
fascia  on  the  apical  margin  of  the  1st  segment. 

Hah.  Barrackpore ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim ;  China.  2  c?  .  Lenath 
11-13 ;  exp.  22-25  mm,  ^ 

794.  Nomia  formosa.  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1859,  p.  5,  9  c?  :  Ball 
Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  167.  '  If    >  ^  o  , 

$.  Head  and  thorax  minutely  and  densely,  abdomen  more 
lightly  and  sparsely  punctured ;  clypeus  slightly  convex  and  raised 
transverse  anteriorly,  with  a  medial  longitudinal  carina ;  median 
segment  opaque,  truncate  posteriorly,  with  an  obscure  slight  medial 
carina,  space  at  base  very  slight  and  narrow,  closely  and  finely 
punctured  ;  abdomen  broadly  oval.  Black,  the  antenna;  and  leo-s 
piceous,  the  head  and  face  with  thin  white  pubescence  ;  a  line  on 
the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  the  sides  of  the  thorax,  and  the  post- 


*  Nomia  strigata,  Fabr.,  given  bj  that  author  as  from  India,  is  a  Javan 
species,  and  N.  mdica,  Lepel,  is  probably  identical  with  it. 

2g2 


452  apiDjU. 


scutellum  densely  pubescent,  the  sides  and  apex  of  the  median 
segment  and  the 'legs  covered  with  fulvous  pubescence  ;  the  abdo- 
men obscurelr  chalybeous,  the  apical  margins  ot  segments  1-4 
above  narrowly  greenish  blue  ;  wings  subhyahne  with  a  fulvous 

A  similar ;  the  legs  black,  covered  with  pale  glittering  pubes- 
cence, the  posterior  femora  swollen,  the  posterior  tibiiB  dilated, 
subtriangular ;  the  5th  abdominal  segment  with  a  greenish-blue 

Burma ;  Tenasserim  ;  Sumatra  (Dr.  Martin);  Celebes. 
2  .  Length  11-12  ;  ewj-).  20-22  mm.     d  •  Length  11 ;  exp.  22  mm. 

795.  Nomia  iridescens.  (PL  III  fig.  9.) 

Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  ii,  1858,  p.  43,  2  ;  Dall  Torr.  Cat.  x, 
p.  1G7. 

9  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  very  minutely  and  densely 
punctured  ;  clypeus  convex,  with  coarser  punctures,  and  a  medial 
s™rp  vertical  carina,  its  anterior  margin  transverse;  mesonotum 
broad  slightly  convex,  and  in  certain  hghts  showing  several  hne 
abbreviated  longitudinally-impressed  paralle  lines  on  he  disc ; 
enclosed  space  at  base  of  median  segment  longitudinally  rugose 
Saclc  the  head  and  thorax  opaque ;  the  abdomen  shining  iridescent 
in  certain  lights,  segments  2-4  with  transverse  bright  green  or  blue 
fascS  on  their  apical  margins,  the  pubescence  on  the  head  and 
twrx  and  legs  griseous  with  a  fulvous  tint,  most  dense  on  the 
sides  of  the  fa?e,  the  cheeks,  and  the  sides  of  the  median  segment ; 
Ws  hyahne  aid  iridescent,  nervures  and  tegute  testaceous. 

I  similar  the  pubescence  on  the  face  more  dense,  the  legs 
lontrS  more  sparse  pubescence,  the  posterior  femora  and  tibisB 
onlfsirghtly  swollen,  abdominal  segments  2-5  with  bright  green 
or  blue  fascL;  the  whole  abdomen  more  cylindrical,  not  so  broad 

"t^B^ma';  Tenasserim;  Singapore.  $d.  Length  8-10 ; 
exp.  17-20  mm. 

796.  Nomia  alhofasciata,  S,nith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  67,  $  ; 
Ball  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  163. 
o    Head  and  the  mesonotum  densely  and  finely,  abdomen  more 
2 .  lieaa  anu  „       .        prominent,  shining,  neariy 

minutely  P^i^^*^[.^i',  scut^U^^^  somewhat  fine 

impunctate;  median  segment  co^^^^^^^^  ^^^^  longitudinally 

pubescence  the  ^^-^^^the  median 
rugose.  Black,  the tace,!.  ^^  ^^.^^ dense  only  on  the  post- 
segment  J^^^^^^^  t^rsi  and  the  posterior  tibi^ 
on tbe msiae  ierrut,iiiuu  J'l^  i  t^^^  segments  narrowly 
^'it^t%Ti^re?ch  a^^^^^^^  th/basal  two  pints 

^^^S.^Btr-  Tenasserim;  Java.  ?•  Length  8-10;  ex,.  16- 
17  mm.    6  unknown. 


NOMIA. 


453 


797.  Nomia  carinata,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  57,  $  ;  Dull. 

Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  164. 

$  .  Head  aud  thorax  (except  the  scutellum)  closely  and  finely, 
and  the  abdomen  most  minutely  and  densely  punctured  ;  scutellum 
smooth,  with  a  few  scattered  coarse  punctures  ;  the  front  flat,  a 
short  carina  between  the  bases  of  the  antenuce ;  the  clypeus  trans- 
verse anteriorly  ;  a  broad  depressed  transverse  band  at  the  base 
of  the  median  segment,  above  coarsely  pujictui'ed.  Black,  the 
antenncB  beneath  and  the  legs  rufo-fuscous,  the  posterior  tibise  and 
tarsi  interiorly  bright  testaceous  ;  the  head  aud  thorax  with  sparse 
griseous  pubescence,  the  postscutellum  covered  with  a  dense  pad 
of  pale  pubescence,  the  pubescence  on  the  legs  dense,  pale,  and 
glittering ;  the  apical  margins  of  abdominal  segments  1-4  with 
greenish-white  narrow  transverse  fasciae ;  wings  hyaline  and  iri- 
descent, nervures  and  tegulae  dark  brown. 

c?  similar  :  the  abdomen  narrower  and  more  cylindrical,  seg- 
ments 2-5  with  narrow  greenish-white  fasciae  ;  the  posterior 
femora  and  tibi£e  swollen  and  much  curved,  the  inner  apex  of  each 
tibia  produced  into  a  curved  claw  of  a  pale  testaceous  white  colour. 

JJab.  Eaugit  Valley,  Sikhim  ;  Eui-ma ;  Tenasserim ;  Ceylon. 
$  c? .  Length  9-10  ;  exp.  18-20  mm. 

798.  Nomia  basalis,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  55,  J  ;  Ball. 

Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  164. 

2 .  Head,  median  segment,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely, 
mesonotum  and  scutellum  coarsely  and  sparsely  punctured ; 
clypeus  flat,  rounded  anteriorly ;  the  median  segment  very  short, 
vertical  and  rounded  posteriorly ;  abdomen  short  and  very  broad. 
Chestnut- brown ;  the  face  on  each  side,  the  sides  of  the  pronotum, 
the  postscutellum,  and  ti-ansverse  bands  at  the  base  of  the  2nd  and 
3rd  abdominal  segments  covered  with  dense  white  pubescence,  the 
legs  and  a  transverse  band  at  the  base  of  the  4th  segment  with 
fulvous  pubescence  ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent. 
Hab.  Lidia  (SmitJi).     5  .  Length  9  ;  exj).  17  mm. 

799.  Nomia  flloralis,  Sniith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1876,  p.  58,  $  ;  Dull. 

Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  166. 

2  .  Head  somewhat  finely  and  sparsely,  thorax  for  the  greater 
part  and  abdomen  more  densely  punctured,  on  the  last  the  punc- 
tures vei-y  minute ;  clypeus  flat,  produced  at  apex  into  a  medial 
tooth  and  two  other  very  short  teeth  close  to  the  latter ;  scutellum 
prominent,  smooth,  shining,  with  only  a  few  scattered  punctures  ; 
median  segment  short,  vertical  posteriorly,  with  a  medial  vertical 
carina,  the  space  at  base  shghtly  concave,  densely  punctured. 
Black,  the  basal  abdominal  segment  and  apical  half  of  the  2nd 
pale  red  ;  the  pubescence  on  the  face,  cheeks,  and  occiput  fuscous, 
on  the  mesonotum  and  postscutellum  pale  fulvous  ;  legs  rufo- 
piceous,  the  tarsi  paler,  the  pubescence  very  pale  glittering  fulvous ; 
the  apical  margins  of  the  2nd  and  following  segments  with  pale 
fulvous  transverse  pubescent  fasciae. 


454 


Var.  The  red  on  the  basal  two  segments  reduced  to  transverse 
elongate  marks  in  the  middle  of  the  segments  or  in  some  specimens 
covering  the  whole  of  the  two  segments. 

Hah.  China  (Smith) ;  Eangoon,  Burma ;  Tenasserim.  5  .  Lewjth 
8'5-9  ;  exp.  17  ram. 


800.  Nomia  pilipes,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  56,  5  ;  Dall. 
Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  169. 

2 .  Head  and  thorax  densely  pubescent,  closely  punctured 
under  the  pubescence;  abdomen  slightly  shining,  with  a  few 
scattered  punctures  at  the  bases  of  the  segments  ;  clypeus  sHghtly 
rounded  anteriorly,  nearly  transverse ;  median  segment  truncate, 
pubescent  posteriorly,  ou  the  sides  bare,  in  the  middle,  which  is 
smooth,  almost  impuuctate,  the  space  at  base  concave  and  very 
coarsely  punctured;  abdomen  broad,  convex.    Black,  the  basal 
two  abdominal  segments  and  basal  two-thirds  of  the  3rd  pale  red  ; 
the  antennte  beneath  and  the  legs  under  the  pubescence  dull 
ferruginous  brown ;  the  head,  the  sides  of  the  thorax  and  of  the 
median  segment,  the  legs,  and  broad  transverse  bands  on  the 
anif^al  margins  of  abdominal  segments  1-5  with  glittering  silvery- 
white  pubescence,  very  long  and  full  on  the  legs,  forming  a  long 
acopa  on  each  posterior  femur;  mesonotum,  scutellum,  and' post- 
scutellum  covered  with  dense  golden-yellow  pile ;  wings  hyaline, 
nervures  and  tegula;  testaceous. 

Hah.  Northern  India  (5fmi/A).     $  .  Length  10  ;  exp.  19  mm. 

801.  Nomia  antennata,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc  1875,  p.  46,  $cJ, 
pi  i,  fiss.  9,  9  a  ;  DaU.  Tor.  Cat.  x,  p.  163. 
PNomia  sykesiana,  Westtv.  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  211,  pi.  iv, 

fig.  2,  c?. 

$ .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  very  minutely  and  closely 
punctured;  clypeus  subtriangular,  transverse  anteriorly;  median 
seo-ment  short,  rounded  at  the  sides,  truncate  posteriorly,  the 
°  narrow  transverse  groove  along  its  base 

longitudinally  striate ;  the  apical  margins  of 
the  basal  four  abdominal  segments  broadly 
subdepressed  and  pubescent.     Black ;  the 
face  in  front  and  the  postscutellum  densely 
and  the  transverse  marginal  bands  on  the 
basal  four  abdominal  segments  less  thickly 
covered  with  pale  yellow  pubescence,  ha^nng 
a  golden   lustre  in  certain  lights  ;  the 
thorax  anteriorly  above  covered  with  a  very 
short  fulvous-red,  and  the  sides  and  legs 
■^'S'-*^^'    ,    5     with  pale  somewhat  longer  pubescence; 
Nomia  antmnata,  S-  t-    ^^^^        abdominal  segment  with  black  and 
the  pygidium  with  short  yeUow  pubescence ;  wings  flavo-hyahne, 
their  apical  margins  broadly  dark  fuscous. 


NUMIA. 


455 


cJ  similar  :  a  deep  constriction  above  between  the  Ist  and  2nd 
abdominal  segments;  the  autennsc  testaceous,  the  apical  joint 
dilated,  round  and  Hat ;  the  posterior  femora  and  tibiie  incrassate, 
the  latter  curved  on  the  inside  and  each  bearijig  at  apex  a  blunt 
recurved  tooth. 

Eah.  Bombay.     $  i.  Length  14-15;  exp.  22-23  mm. 

I  have  been  unable  to  find  any  difference,  except  in  the  colour 
of  the  pubescence,  between  iV.  antennata  and  N.  syJcesiana  ;  there 
is  only  one  specimen  labelled  "  sylcesiana  "  in  the  British  Museum, 
and  that  is  so  old  and  faded  that  it  is  impossible  to  make  out 
whether  the  original  colour  of  the  pubescence  was  fulvous  or 
white. 

802.  Nomia  aurifrons,  SmitJi,  Trans.  JEnt.  Soc.  1875,  p.  43,  $  ;  Ball. 

Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  164. 

5  .  Head  densely  and  finely,  thorax  minutely  punctured ;  abdo- 
men almost  impunctate,  sHghtly  shining;  clypeus  transverse, 
convex,  broadly  arched  anteriorly;  median  segment  very  short, 
broad  and  steep,  the  space  at  base  very  narrow,  coarsely  longi- 
tudinally rugose ;  abdomen  oval,  massive,  convex  above.  Black; 
the  legs  testaceous,  the  coxoe  and  femora  often  rufo-testaceous ; 
the  clvpeus,  front,  cheeks,  and  occiput  with  pale  golden  pubescence ; 
the  thorax,  legs,  and  apical  margins  of  abdominal  segments  1-5 
with  pale  yellowish  pubescence,  very  bright  and  glittering  on  the 
legs  ;  the  margins  of  the  segments  under  the  pubescence  pale 
testaceous;  the  flagellum  of  each  antenna  beneath  and  at  apex 
fulvous  ;  wings  hyaline,  sometimes  light  flavo-hyaliue,  with  a 
verv  pale  fuscescent  cloud  at  apex  of  the  fore  wing. 

Hab.  Bengal;  Sylhet;  Burma;  Tenasserim.  <}.  Length  S-IO  ; 
e.vp.  19-20  mm. 

803.  Nomia  capitata,  Smith,  Tram.  Etit.  Soc.  1875,  p.  54,     ;  Dall. 

Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  164. 

cS .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  somewhat  closely  and  finely 
punctured,  pubescent;  clypeus  subporrect,  very  widely  emarginate; 
median  segment  rather  long,  rounded,  and  steeply  sloped  pos- 
teriorly, the  space  at  base  coarsely  punctured ;  abdomen  ovate,  the 
apical  margin  of  the  basal  segment  slightly  constricted.  Black ; 
the  head  in  front,  the  thorax  on  the  sides  and  on  the  scutellum, 
and  transverse  fasciae  on  the  apical  margins  of  abdominal  segments 
1-5  with  pale  fulvous  pubescence,  the  pubescence  on  the  median 
segment  and  beneath  cinereous  ;  the  mandibles,  the  flagellum  of  the 
antennas,  and  the  legs  pale  ferruginous,  the  apex  of  the  flagellum 
mfo-piceous  ;  the  posterior  femora  not  swollen,  the  inner  sides  of 
the  posterior  tibiae  at  apex  ouly  slightly  produced  ;  wings  hyaline 
and  iridescent. 

Hab.  Northern  India ;  Ceylon  (Green).     J  •  Length  5  ; 
9  mm. 


456 


804.  Nomia  COmtusta,  &m'tli,  Trans.  jEnt.  Soc.  1875,  p.  56,  pi.  ii, 

lig.  !),  (J  leg  ;  Dull.  Tvrr.  Cat.  x,  p.  1C5. 

cJ .  Head  above  coarsely  and  closely  punctured ;  thorax  covered 
with  a  very  sliort  dense  pubescence  ;  abdominal  segments  1-5 
bai'e  and  opaque  in  the  middle,  Avith  a  few  line  punctures  ;  clypeus 
rounded  anteriorly ;  median  segment  truncate  posteriorly,  the 
sides  rounded,  slightly  convergent  posteriorly,  and  punctured,  the 
space  at  base  concave  and  puuctm'ed  ;  abdomen  narrowed  towards 
the  base.  Intense  black,  the  antennas  and  legs  rut'o-testaceous  ; 
the  posterior  femora  greatly  swollen  and  toothed  at  the  apex 
internally  ;  each  tibia  broadened  towards  apex,  the  inner  angle  at 
apex  produced  ;  the  clypeus  and  front,  the  cheeks,  the  pronotum 
posteriorly,  a  spot  behind  each  of  the  legulas,  the  postscutellum,  the 
sides  of  the  thorax  and  of  the  median  segment,  and  the  broad 
apical  margins  of  abdominal  segments  1-6  covered  with  dense  short 
glistening  golden  pubescence ;  the  scutellum  and  the  bases  of 
abdominal  segments  1-3  covered  with  dense  ferruginous  pile ;  the 
pubescence  on  the  legs  sparse,  forming  a  broad  pale  fi'inge  to  the 
anterior  tarsi ;  wings  fulvo-hyaliiie,  nervures  rufo-testaceous. 
Ilab.  Bombay,     c?  .  Length  11-13  ;  e.i-p.  21-22  mm. 

805.  Nomia  clypeata,  SmM,  Trans.  Eut.  Soc.  1876,  p.  64,  J ,  pi.  ii, 

fig.  18  ;  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  165. 

S .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured ; 
clypeus  slightly  produced,  transverse  anteriorly;  median  segment 
rounded  and  steep  posteriorly,  depressed  much  below  the  level  of 
the  postscutellum,  the  space  at  base  very  wide,  concave,  and  very 
coarsely  punctured ;  the  apical  margins  of  the  segments  of  the 
abdomen  depressed.  Black ;  the  apex  of  the  clypeus,  the  man- 
dibles, and  flagellum  of  the  antenna;  ferruginous  ;  tbe  apical  margins 
of  the  abdominal  segments  rufo-piceous ;  the  face  below  the 
antennas  and  the  postscutellum  covered  with  white  pubescence; 
the  mesonotum  and  transverse  fasciae  on  the  apical  margins  of 
abdominal  segments  1-5  and  the  whole  of  the  6th  segment  above 
covered  with  pale  fulvous  pubescence  ;  the  posterior  femora  slightly 
swollen  ;  the  posterior  tibia;  subtriangular,  the  apex  of  each  on  the 
inside  slightly  produced  and  rounded ;  wings  hyaline  and  iri- 
descent, nervures  and  tegulse  rufo-piceous. 

Bai.  Bengal ;  Bm-ma.     c?  .  Lmgth  8  ;  ea^p.  15  mm. 

806.  Nomia  fervida,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  iSoc.  1875,  p.  65,  J,  pi.  ii, 

tig.  12  ;  Ball.  Tor.  Cat.  x,  p.  16li. 

c?.  Head  on  the  vertex,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and 
finely  punctured,  opaque  ;  clypeus  very  slightly  convex,  rounded 
anteriorly  ;  median  segment  truncate  posteriorly,  the  sides  slightly 
compressed,  the  space  at  base  moderately  wide,  coarsely  reticulate. 
Black,  the  antennas  fulvous;  the  femora  beneath,  the  tibiaj  and 
tarsi  yellow ;  the  clypeus  and  front  up  to  the  anterior  ocellus,  the 


NOMIA. 


45 


cheeks,  a  broad  transverse  band  on  the  mesonotum  anteriorly,  a 
line  line  over  the  tegulio,  the  postscutelhim,  the  sides  ol'  tlie 
thorax  and  of  the  median  segment,  and  broad  transverse  bauds  on 
the  apical  ruargius  of  the  Ist-Cith  abdominal  segments  covered  with 
dense  very  short  pale  fulvous  pubescence ;  the  posterior  femora 
and  tibite  swollen  and  incrassate,  the  former  each  with  a  tooth  on 
the  inside,  the  latter  each  with  a  castaueous  spot  on  the  outer  and 
inner  side  near  the  base ;  wings  hyaline,  slightly  fnscescent. 

Bab.  The  Deccan,  India.  cJ .  Length  10 ;  18  mm.  §  un- 
known. 

807.  Nomia  oxybeloides,  Sjnith,  D-ans.  Ent.  Soe.  1875,  p. 42,  5  J, 

pi.  i,  tigs.  6,  6  « ;  Uall.  'Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  168. 

5  .  Head  densely  and  finely,  thorax  more  sparsely  and  coarsely 
punctured  ;  abdomen  shining  ;  clypeus  anteriorly  slightly  arched, 
iiat ;  tegula3  very  large,  longer  than  broad ;  median  segment 
rounded  at  the  sides,  steeply  truncate  posteriorly  and  more 
closely  punctured  than  the  mesonotum,  the  space  at  base  very 
narrow,  with  a  row  of  single  deep  coarse  punctures ;  each  of  the 
basal  three  abdominal  segments  above  with  an  obscure  transversely 
impressed  line.  Black ;  the  apical  joints  of  the  tarsi  and  some- 
times the  whole  of  the  posterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  testaceous ;  the 
clypeus  and  head  in  front,  the  legs  on  tlie  outside,  a  line  on  the 
pronotum,  the  postscutellum,  and  the  margins  of  the  abdominal 
segments  with  glittering  silvery- white  pubescence,  the  pubescence 
on  the  thorax  often  fulvous. 

d  similar,  smaller,  the  pubescence  with  a  fulvous  tint ;  the 
posterior  femora  and  tibiae  much  swollen,  the  inferior  apical  angle 
of  each  of  the  latter  produced  into  a  flat,  long  process,  testaceous 
white  in  colour,  rounded  on  the  outside,  the  inner  border  straight ; 
wings  in  both  sexes  hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulse  testaceous. 

Hah.  Bengal ;  Bombay ;  Punjab  :  Karachi,  extending  to  Aden. 
5  cJ .  Lenc/th  6-5-8 ;  exp.  14-l(j  mm. 

808.  Nomia  rustica,  Westw.  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  214,  S  ;  Dall- 

Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  169. 

d .  Head  finely,  thorax  minutely  and  delicately  punctured ; 
abdomen  nearly  smooth ;  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment  slightly 
depressed,  very  minutely  punctured,  followed  by  a  row  of  scattered 
coarser  punctures ;  clypeus  subconvex,  transverse  anteriorly ; 
median  segment  rounded  posteriorly,  with  a  slight  medial  carina, 
dividing  above  and  enclosing  a  space  at  the  base  which  is  obscurely 
transversely  striate.  Black  ;  the  face  and  cheeks  with  a  thin 
white  pubescence  ;  the  flagellum  of  the  antenna  castaneous  brown ; 
the  thorax  above  with  short  griseous  pubescence ;  the  posterior 
femora  slightly  swollen,  each  posterior  tibia  subtriaugular,  the 
inner  angle  of  the  apex  sHghtly  produced  ;  the  apical  margins  of 
abdominal  segments  2-5  narrowly  whitish;  wings  fiavo-hyaline, 
nervures  and  tegulae  dark  brown. 

Hab.  Ceylon,     d.  Length  8  ;  ex23.  15  mm. 


458 


*809.  Nomia  vincta,  Walker,  A.  M.  N.  H.  (3)  v,  1800,  p.  305,  $  ; 
Dall.  Ton-.  Cut.  x,  p.  170. 

"  $  .  Black,  dull,  broad,  thick,  very  closely  and  minutely  punc- 
tured, with  cinereous  pubescence.  Mouth  testaceous,  black  at  the 
base ;  autennEB  subclavate,  as  long  as  the  head  ;  abdomen  ellipti- 
cal, shining,  very  finely  punctured,  a  little  longer  and  broader 
than  the  thorax,  with  three  bands  of  cinereous  tomentum  ;  tarsi 
pale  beneath ;  wings  cinereous,  veins  and  stigma  black,  third 
cubital  areolet  much  less  than  twice  the  length  of  the  second. 

"Length  of  the  body  3|  lines  (=  about  8  mm.),  of  the  wings 
6  lines  (=  about  13  mm.)." 

Hah.  Ceylon.    Unknown  to  me.    Possibly  a  Halictus. 

810.  Nomia  scutellata,  Smith,  Trans.  Hfit.  Soc.  1875,  p.  45,  $  ;  Dall. 

Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  169. 

5 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely,  densely,  but  lightly 
punctured;  clypeus  somewhat  produced,  arched  anteriorly; 
median  segment  rounded  posteriorly,  the  middle  narrowly  trun- 
cate, the  space  at  base  concave  and  transversely  finely  striate; 
abdomen  with  the  margins  of  the  segments  subdepressed.  Black  ; 
the  ciypeus  and  front,  the  cheeks,  sides  of  the  thorax,  legs,  and 
transverse  broad  bands  on  the  posterior  margins  of  abdominal 
segments  1-5  with  cinereous  pubescence,  inclining  to  yellowish  on 
the  ciypeus  and  front,  and  fulvous  about  the  base  of  the  antennaj ; 
the  thorax  above  and  base  of  abdomen  with  rufo-fulyous 
pubescence,  dense  on  the  scutellum  and  postscutellum ;  wings 
hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulse  testaceous. 

Hab.  Calcutta;  Burma.  ?.  Length  7-8;  exp.  14-16  mm. 
cJ  unknown. 

811.  Nomia  aurata,  n.  sp. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  somewhat  coarsely  and  closely,  abdomen 
more' minutely  and  very  densely  punctured  ;  ciypeus  not  carinate, 
flat,  transverse  anteriorly  ;  median  segment  concavo-truncate  pos- 
teriorly, the  space  at  base  finely  reticulate.  Black  ;  the  flagellum  of 
the  antennjB  at  apex  beneath,  tie  legs,  and  the  apical  margins  broadly 
of  the  ventral  abdominal  segments  rufo-testaceous  ;  the  ciypeus, 
face  cheeks,  sides  of  the  thorax  and  of  the  median  segment,  the 
postscutellum,  and  the  apical  margins  narrowly  of  abdominjO. 
segments  2-4  covered  with  cinereous  pubescence ;  the  legs  with 
pale  glittering  pubescence  ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent. 

S  similar,  smaller;  the  ciypeus  and  front  mth  rich  golden 
pubescence,  the  basal  three  ventral  segments  pale  testaceous  red  ; 
the  posterior  femora  and  tibias  swollen,  the  inner  apical  angle  ot 
the  latter  produced  into  a  claw-like  process  ;  the  legs  black,  the 
anterior  tarsi,  the  basal  and  apical  joints  of  the  intermediate  and 
posterior  tarsi,  and  the  produced  claw-like  process  at  apex  ot  the 
posterior  tibia?  pale  testaceous  ;  the  apical  margin  ot  the  1st 
abdominal  segment  constricted,  the  follov^dng  four  segments  with 
a  narrow  transverse  white  fascia  at  apas. 


NOMIA. 


459 


Hob.  Tenasserim.     2 .   Lencjth  9-10 ;   e.vp.  19-20  mm.     6 . 
Length  8  ;  e.%y.  17  mm. 
A  very  distinct  species. 

812.  Nomia  terminata,  Smiih,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  187o,  p.  5C,  S  ;  Ball. 
Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  170. 

5  .  The  head,  thorax,  the  basal  half  or  two-thirds  of  abdominal 

segments  1-5  and  the  whole 
of  the  6th  segment  above 
very  minutely  and  densely 
punctured,  the  punctures  at 
the  base  of  the  scutellum 
coarser  and  more  sparse ;  the 
clypeus  broad,  convex,  some- 
what roundly  truncate  an- 
teriorly, with  a  slight  but 
distinguishable  medial  verti- 
cal carina  ;  a  narrow  furrow 
along  the  baso  of  the  median 
Fig.  UQ.—No}nia  tenninata,  S  ■    f  •       segment  longitudinally  striate. 

Dark  castaneous  brown  ;  the 
clypeus  and  sides  of  the  face,  the  sides  of  the  thorax  and  of  the 
median  segment,  the  sides  of  the  scutellum,  the  postscutellum,  the 
legs,  the  base  and  sides  above  and  the  ventral  segments  of  the 
abdomen  with  glistening  fulvous  golden  pubescence,  very  dense 
and  shining  on  the  legs  and  on  the  abdomen  beneath,  the  apical 
three  segments  above  with  a  thin  covering  of  soft  fuscous  black 
hairs ;  wings  flavo-hyaline,  fore  wing  with  a  fuscous  cloud  at  apex, 
nervures  and  tegulfe  testaceous. 

S  similar,  narrower  in  form  ;  the  scutellum  tuberculate  at  its 
lateral  angles  ;  posterior  tibife  strongly  curved,  flattened  and  broad 
inwardly  at  apex.* 

Hah.  Sikhim  ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim.  5  3 .  Lengtli  12-13 ; 
exp.  26  mm. 

813.  Nomia  fuscipennis,  Smith,  Tram.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  57,  $ . 

2  .  Head  above  and  thorax  moderately,  finely,  and  closely,  2nd 
and  following  abdominal  segments  more  finely  punctured  ;  clypeus 
very  coarsely  but  superficially  rugose-punctate,  its  anterior  margin 
transverse ;  median  segment  vertical,  rounded  posteriorly,  the 
middle  slightly  flat,  a  deep  groove  along  the  base,  above  longitu- 
dinally rugose ;  the  basal  abdominal  segment  entirely  and  the 
apical  margins  of  segments  2-4  broadly  smooth,  impunctate, 
shining.  Black,  with  a  deep  castaneous  hue  in  certain  lights  ;  the 
flagellum  of  the  antennae  at  apex  beneath  and  the  tibiae  obscurely 
f ulvo-piceous ;  the  head  in  front  and  beneath,  the  sides  of  the 


*N.  hnddha.  Westw.  (Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  209,  pi.  iv,  fig.  1  J),  of 
which  the  liabitat  is  given  as  "  India  orientalis,"  should,  I  think,  be  deleted 
from  the  Indian  list ;  it  is,  I  believe,  African. 


460 


APIDjE. 


thorax,  and  legs  with  a  pale  brownish  pubescence ;  the  posterior 
femora  each  with  a  lonp;  curled  floceus  of  pale  hairs,  the  inside  of 
the  posterior  tibia;  and  tarsi  densely  pubescent,  the  pubescence 
M'ith  a  rich  golden  sheen  in  certain  lights  ;  wings  brownish  fuscous, 
with  a  darker  cloud  at  the  apex  of  the  fore  wing. 

Hah.  Sumatra  ;  Sikhim.     $  .  Length  13  ;  ex^.  26  mm. 

Genus  STEGANOMUS. 

Steganomus,  HiU.  Tijd.  v.  Ent.  viii,  1873,  p.  224. 
Oyathocera,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1876,  p.  47. 

Type,  S.  javanus,  Eits. 
Range.  The  Oriental  region. 

Head  subovate,  as  wide  as  the  thorax,  the  ocelli  in  a  curve  on 
the  vertex ;  eyes  shghlly  convergent  beneath  ; 
antennae  short,  hliform  in  the  female,  longer,  with 
the  apical  two  segments  iu  the  male  dilated, 
spatulate  and  discoid  at  apex;  mandibles  biden- 
tate  in  the  female,  simple  and  acute  at  apex  in 
the  male;  labial  palpi  4-iointed ;  maxillary  palpi 
6-jointed,  the  latter  decreasing  sensibly  both  in 
^vidth  and  length  from  base  to  apex.  Thoi'ax 
ovate,  the  posterior  femora  (  $  )with  a  floceus  of 
p.  long  hair  ;  in      swollen,  the  posterior  tibiae  also 

Stcganomiis  nodi-     dilated  to  wards  the  apex,  the  inferior  apical  angle 
cornis,  c^.   |.       produced:  wings  with  tiie  radial  cell  somewhat 
narrow,  oblong ;  two  cubital  cells,  the  2nd  receiv- 
ing both  recurrent  nervures,  and  narrowed  above  by  the  convergence 
of  the  1st  and  2nd  transverse  cubital  nervures.  Abdomen  subovate. 

814.  Steganomus  nodicorms,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  47, 5  c? , 
pi.  i,  figs.  5,  6  a,  5  b. 

5  .  Head,  the  clypeus  with  a  few  coarse  large  punctures,  vertex 
more  closely  punctured ;  thorax  and  abdomen  smooth,  but  opaque ; 
the  clypeus  nearly  transverse,  anteriorly  flat;  median  segment 
short,  very  steeply  rounded  at  the  sides,  the  middle  truncate ; 
abdomen  ovate,  the  apical  mai-gins  of  segments  1-5  slightly  but 
broadly  depressed.  Head,  thorax,  coxae,  and  the  basal  margins  of 
abdominal  segments  3-5  above  black ;  the  antennae  and  the  rest 
of  the  legs  and  of  the  abdomen  ferruginous  red  ;  the  face  as  high 
as  the  ocelli,  the  cheeks,  and  the  apical  margins  broadly  of  the 
3rd  (sometimes  the  4th)  and  following  abdominal  segments 
covered  with  rich  golden  pubescence ;  the  pronotum,  a  narrow  Hue 
at  the  base  of  the  scutellum,  the  postscutellum,  the  sides  of  the 
median  segment,  and  the  legs  with  yellow  pubescence,  very  glitter- 
ing and  bright  on  the  legs;  the  2nd  to  4th  abdominal  segments 
with  lateral  oblong  spots  of  white  pubescence,  generally  more  or  less 
abraded  ;  wings  subhyaline,  broadly  dark  fuscous  along  the  apical 
margin,  nervures  pale  testaceous ;  tegulaj  remarkably  large,  shining 
ferruginous. 

(S  similar,  the  vertex  of  the  head  finely,  the  abdominal  segments 


STESANOMUS.  — CTENOPLEOTH  A. 


461 


where  not  covered  by  the  pubescence  densely  and  somewhat 
coarsely  punctured;  antenn®  very  much  longer,  the  spatulate 
apical  "two  segments  black  ;  the  posterior  femora  swollen,  the 
posterior  tibite  dilated  at  their  apical  half,  the  apex  on  the  under- 
side compressed  into  a  thiu  round  flat  plate. 

Hah.    Barrackpore,  Bengal  ;   Luckaow  ;   Allahabad.      V  o  • 
Length  8-9  ;  exp.  16-17  mm. 

Genus  CTENOPLECTRA. 

Ctenoplectra,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  44. 
Type,  C.  clialybea,  Smith. 

Eange.  Burma,  the  Malayan  subregion,  and  South  and  East 
Africa. 

Head  transverse,  antennae  inserted  about  the  middle  of  the  face, 
short,  filiform ;  2ud  joint  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antenna;  constricted 
at  the  base  ;  ocelli  placed  in  a  curve  forward  on  the  vertex  ;  labrum 

prominent,  rounded ;  labial  palpi  4- 
jointed,  the  basal  two  joints  stout, 
subequal,  apical  two  shorter  and  more 
slender  ;  maxillary  palpi  6-jointed, 
basal  three  joints  stout  and  of  equal 
length,  apical  joints  more  slender, 
each  decreasing  in  length  from  the 
preceding  one.  Thorax  large  and 
ovate  :  wings — the  radial  cell  in  the 
fore  wing  acute  at  apex ;  two  cubital 
cells,  the  2nd  strongly  narrowed  above 
towards  the  radial,  receiving  both 
recurrent  nervures :  legs  with  the 
femora  broad  and  compressed,  the 
inner  calcar  of  the  posterior  tibia  (  2  ) 
lunate  in  shape  and  finely  toothed  on 
the  inside;  the  posterior  tibiae  and 
basal  joint  of  the  tarsi  clothed  with 
dense  long  pubescence.  Abdomen 
broad,  subovate,  truncate  at  base,  the 
apical  segment  in  the  male  trilobed. 

I  found  C.  chaljjhea,  Smith,  collecting  clay  at  muddy  pools  in  the 
road,  and  once  or  twice  saw  it  conveying  pieces  of  circularly  cut 
leave's  to  a  hole  in  the  wooden  -walls  of  a  house  in  the  Tenasserim 
forests. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

a.  Abdomen  metallic  blue. 

a'.  Apical  margins  broadly  of  basal  two  segments 

of  abdomen  shining  castaneous  brown   ....    C.  aptcalis,  p.  462. 

b'.  Apical  margins  of  basal  two  abdominal  seg- 
ments not   castaneous  brown ;  abdomen 

entirely  deep  blue   C.  chahjbea,  p.  462. 

b.  Abdomen  black,  not  metallic  blue   C.  cornuta,  p.  462. 


Fig.  148. 
Ctenoplectra  apicalis,  c? . 
(Mouth-parts,  much  enlarged.) 


462 


APIDJ5. 


815.  Ctenoplectra  apicalis,  Smith,  Nno  8p.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  67,  d  ; 

Dull.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  105. 

<S .  Head,  thorax,  and  the  bases  broadly  of  the  abdominal 
segments  above  finely  and  closely  punctiu-ed,  the  apical  margins 
of  abdominal  segments  1-6  smooth  ;  clypeus  slighlly  emarginate 
anteriorly,  vertically  carinate  medially,  the  labrum  beneath  arched 
anteriorly  :  median  segment  short,  vertical,  indistinctly  raised  but 
not  carinate  down  the  middle ;  apical  abdominal  segment  broad, 
trilobed,  bent  downwards,  and  then  recurved.  Head,  thorax,  and 
legs  dark  castaneous  brown ;  the  median  segment  with  short  fuscous, 
the  legs  with  black  pubescence,  dense  and  long  on  the  outside  of 
the  posterior  tibiso  and  tarsi ;  abdomen  brilHant  metallic  blue, 
highly  polished  and  shining,  the  apical  margins  of  the  basal  two 
segments  broadly,  and  of  the  3rd  narrowly  castaneous  brown ;  wings 
subhyaline  with  a  smoky  tint. 

Mab.  Burma.     S  .  Length  14'5 ;  exp.  26  mm. 

816.  Ctenoplectra  chalybea,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn^Soc  1858,  p.  45,  $  ; 

Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  195. 

5  .  Head  above  and  thorax  very  mmute  and  closely  punctured, 

shining,  the  clypeus  and  the  scuteUum 
more  sparsely  and  coarsely  puuctm'ed  ; 
abdomen    brilliantly    polished  and 
shining ;  the  clypeus  broad,  convex, 
transverse  anteriorly  ;  median  seg- 
ment steeply  sloped,  slightly  truncate 
and  flat  in  the  middle  posteriorly. 
Black,   the  abdomeu   deep  shining 
metallic  blue  :  the  face  on  each  side 
and  the  median  segment  with  a  little 
Fig.  UQ.-Ctenoplectra        white  pubescence  ;  the  pubescence  on 
chalybea,^.   |.     '       the  legs  black ;  the  ventral  segments 
with  a  number  of  thread-like  black 
bristles  ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulss  black. 

Bob.  Pegu  hills,  Burma ;  Tenasserim,  extending  to  Malacca  and 
Celebes.     $  .  Length  10-13 ;  ex£.  22-25  mm. 

*817.  Ctenoplectra  cornuta,  Chibodo,  Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Ital.  xxiii,  1891, 
p.  102,  O  ;  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  195. 

"  5  of  rather  small  size,  intensely  black  in  colour  all  over;  head 
and  thorax  moderately,  abdomen  remarkably  shining  and  pohshed; 
head  as  wide  as  the  thorax,  densely  punctured,  especially  on  the 
clypeus,  and  covered  with  sparse  grey  pubescence,  furnished  at 
the  sides  of  the  clypeus  with  two  prominent  horn-like  projections  ; 
thorax  smoky  black,  somewhat  closely  and  finely  punctured,  the 
lines  of  articulation  between  the  parts  very  minutely  punctured, 
the  upper  horizontal  parts  of  the  median  segment  very  densely 
subrugosely,  and  the  vertical  portion  sparsely  punctured  and 
shining;   basal  three  abdominal  segments   above  subglabrous. 


CTENOPLECTRA. — NOMADA . 


463 


impunctate ;  5th  segment  lightly  but  closely  punctured,  opaque, 
with  a  fuscous  fimbria  of  pubescence  on  its  apical  margin ;  cpi- 
PVRium  covered  with  dense  fuscous  pubescence,  the  apex  of  the 
triangular  pvgidial  area  produced,  the  base  broadly  cannate  ;  the 
ventral  segments  ciliated  with  fuscous  hairs;  the  legs  smoky  black 
with  StifE  hairs  or  pubescence,  the  scopa  somewhat  aense,  tuscous 
black  •  wino-s  hyaline,  sometimes  infuscate,  nervures  tuscous.^ 
"  Bab.  The  Shan  hills,  Upper  Burma.    ?  .  Length  9  mm. 


Genus  NOMADA. 

Nomada,  Scop.  Ami.  Hist.  Nat.  iv,  p.  44  (1770). 

Type,  N.  fabridana,  Linn. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  transverse,  not  as  wide  as  the  thorax;  eyes  compara- 
tively large  ;  front  broad,  the  inner  orbits  wide  apart  and  slightly 
arched  outwards  ;  antennae  filiform,  geniculate ;  ocelli  in  a  triangle 

on  the  vertex ;  clypeus  slightly 
porrect  in  all  the  Indian  species; 
labrum  transverse,  rounded  an- 
tei'iorly ;  the  tongue  long  and 
acute ;  labial  palpi  4-ioiuted, 
basal  joint  about  equal  in  length 
to  the  apical  three  united  ;  max- 
illary palpi  6-jointed,  basal  joint 
short,  subclavate,  2nd  longest, 
3rd  slightly  shorter  than  the 
2nd,  remainder  decreasing  in 
length  to  the  apical  joint. 
Thorax  ovate  ;  fore  wing  with 
the  radial  cell  narrowed  in  its 
apical  half,  the  apex  acute ; 
three  cubital  cells,  the  1st  equal 
in  length  to  the  2nd  and  3rd 
united,  the  latter  both  con- 
stricted strongly  towards  the 
radial  cell  by  the  curving  to- 
wards each  other  of  the  2nd 
and  3rd  transverse  cubital  ner- 
vvires,  the  2nd  cell  receives  the  1st  recurrent  nervure  about  the 
middle,  the  3rd  cell  the  2nd  recurrent  nervure  a  little  beyond  the 
middle;  legs  stout,  naked;  abdomen  subclavate,  more  or  less 
narrowed  towards  the  base,  sometimes  subpetiolate. 

Of  the  Indian  species,  Nomada  lusca,  Smith,  has  been  observed 
by  Mr.  E.  E.  Green,  of  Pundaloya,  Ceylon,  parasitic  in  the  nests 
of  Maliclus  ducalis,  Bingh.  Smith,  in  his  Catalogue  of  British 
Hymenoptera  in  the  Coll.  British  Museum,  has  a  most  interesting 
account  of  the  habits  of  the  British  species. 


Fig.  150. — Nomada.    1,  mandible; 
2,  mnxilla  ;  3,  labium.  (Much 
enlarged.) 


464 


Key  to  the  Species, 

a.  Median  segment  willi  an  oblong  yellow  spot  on 

eacli  side   N.  decorata,  p.  464, 

b.  Median  segment  inunaculate. 

a'.  Apicnl  margins  of  abdominal  segments  1-5 

broadly  depressed,  smootb,  and  sbining  ....  N.  solitaria,  p.  464. 
h'.  Apical  margins  of  abdominal  segments  not 

depressed. 

a-.  Whole  abdomen  smootb,  impunetate  ....    N.  lusca,  p.  465. 

b^.  Basnl  abdominal  segment  smootb,  re- 
mainder closely  and  finely  punctured  along 
bases  of  segments   N.  adusta,  p.  465. 


*818.  Nomada  decorata,  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  243,  $  ;  Ball.  Torr.  Cat. 
X,  p.  342. 

"  $  .  Length  4i  lines  (  =  about  10-11  mm.).  Head  and  thorax 
black  ;  the  anterior  margin  of  the  clypeus,  sides  of  the  face,  orbits 
of  the  eyes,  slightly  interrupted  at  their  vertex,  the  labrum, 
mandibles,  and  scape  io  front  orange-yellow  ;  the  flagellum 
beneath  and  its  apical  joint  ferruginous  ;  otherwise  fuscous  above. 
The  collar,  tubercles,  scutellum,  postscutellum,  and  an  oblong 
macula  on  each  side  of  the  metathorax  yellow,  having  more  or  less 
of  a  ferruginous  stain ;  legs  yellow  varied  with  ferruginous  ;  the 
coxa3  and  trochanters  above,  the  posterior  femora  beneath,  and  the 
basal  joint  of  the  posterior  tarsi  above,  black :  wings  subhyaline, 
slightly  clouded  at  their  apical  margins,  their  nervm-es  fen-uginous. 
The  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  black  above,  having  a  broad 
yellow  fascia,  its  apical  margin  ferruginous  ;  the  rest  of  tlie 
abdomen  ferruginous,  each  segment  having  a  broad  yellow  band, 
that  on  the  2nd  segment  attenuated  in  the  middle;  the  fascia 
continued  beneath  the  abdomen. 

"  Hah.  Northern  India  (coll.  J.  S.  Baly,  Esq.). 

819.  Nomada  solitaria,  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  243,  c?  ;  I>M-  Torr.  Cat.  x, 
p.  369. 

S  Head  and  thorax  opaque,  finely  and  very  closely,  abdomen 
more  minutely  and  densely  punctured  and  shining ;  clypeus  sub- 
triangular,  convex,  transverse  anteriorly  ;  labrum  large,  bent  at  an 
angle  to  the  clypeus;  median  segment  slightly  convex,  with  a 
medial  vertically  impressed  line,  on  each  side  of  which  at  the 
iunction  of  the  "sides  with  the  posterior  face  of  the  segment  is  a 
carina  obliquely  diverging  upwards  ;  abdomen  with  the  margins  of 
segments  1-5  broadly  depressed,  smooth  and  impunetate.  Black: 
the  apical  margin  of"  the  clypeus,  the  labrum,  mandibles,  sides  of 
the  face  below  the  antenna,  the  scape  of  the  last  in  front,  a  line 
on  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  a  spot  on  the  tegulte  two  large 
square  contiguous  spots  on  the  scutellum,  the  apex  of  the  femora, 
the  tibise  and  tarsi  of  the  anterior  legs,  the  apex  of  the  femora 
and  the  tibiiE  of  the  intermediate  lege,  the  apex  of  both  temora 


NOMADA.  4  60 


and  tibioe  inside  of  the  posterior  legs,  and  subapical  transverse 
bands  on  abdominal  segments  1-6  yellow ;  the  clypeus,  face, 
cheeks,  sides  of  the  median  segment,  and  the  coxaa  covered  with  a 
short  silvery-white  pubescence ;  antennas  fulvous  beneath  ;  wings 
hyaline  and  ii'idescent. 

Hub.  Northern  India.    6  •  Lemjth  12  ;  exp.  22  mm. 

820.  Nomada  lusca,  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  243,  2  ;  Ball.  Tor,:  Cat.  x, 

p.  356 ;  Bmffh.  P.  Z.  S.  1896,  p.  455. 

2-  Head  and  thorax  finely  and  very  densely  punctured, 
abdomen  smooth  and  shming;  clypeus  flat,  transverse  anteriorly  • 
median  segment  depressed,  not  very  steeply  sloped,  the  space  at 
base  obliquely  striate.  Ferruginous  brown,  the  basal  abdominal 
segment  subpetiolate,  with  a  black  spot  on  each  side:  wings  fusco- 
hyaline,  darkest  along  their  apical  margins. 

Var.  A  transverse  yellow  band  or  two  contiguous  yellow  spots 
across  the  middle  of  the  1st  and  along  the  basal  margin  of  the 
2nd  abdominal  segment. 

Hab.  Sikhim;  Tenasserim;  Ceylon;  Philippines.  $  .  Lenqth  7- 
exp.  14  mm.  The  variety  described  above  is  the  common  Indian 
term,  and  seems  to  be  the  link  between  the  unicolorous  PhUippine 
insect  and  the  Indian  N.  adusta,  Smith. 

821.  Nomada  adusta,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1876,  p  50  26  ■  Dall 

Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  335.  >  +  u  , 

Nomada  subpetiolata,  Smith,  Neio  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  99,  J . 
2  .  Head  and  thorax  densely  punctured,  giving  them  a  granular 
appearance ;  basal  abdominal  segment  smooth  and  pohshed,  2nd  and 
following  segments  minutely  and  densely  punctured,  broadly  along  ■ 
their  base;  the  clypeus  flat,  transverse  anteriorly,  the  sides  rounded! 
an  obscure  short  medial  vertical  carina  beween  the  bases  of  the 
antenna;  ;  median  segment  rounded  posteriorly  and  steep,  the 
space  at  base  densely  and  somewhat  coarsely  punctured  ;  the  punc- 
tures running  into  oblique  strite. 
ferruginous;  the  clypeus  and 
sides  of  the  face  nearly  to  the 
top  of  the  eyes,  the  scape  of 
the  antennsB  in  front,  a  line  on 
the  collar,  the  tubercles,  tegul^, 
scutellum,  postscutellum,  a 
large  spot  on  each  side  at  base 
of  2nd  abdominal  segment, 
sometimes  forming  a  subinter- 

Fig.  Ibl.-Nomada  adusta,  S-    i       I'^'^^^i  l^'T^  ^f'''^'  ^  ^''^'"'^ 

^.      base  ot  3rd,  and  two  contiguous 

„  ,     ,  ,  ,     .    ,  spots  at  base  of  4th  segment, 

yellow;  the  basal  abdominal  segment  with  a  black  spot  on  each  side- 
the  face,  sides  of  the  thorax  and  of  the  median  segment,  and  the  6th 
abdominal  segment  with  a  thin  silvery-white  pubescence;  win^g 
hyaline,  tuscous  at  their  apical  margins. 

VOL.  I.  2^ 


468  APIDiE. 

Var.  A  broad  medial  longitudinal  stripe  having  a  depressed, 
grooved  appearance,  on  the  mesonotum,  the  intermediate  and 
posterior  femora  at  base,  and  the  apical  margins  of  abdominal 
segments  1-3  black. 

<S  similar :  slightly  smaller  and  altogether  darker. 

ira&.  Western  India;  Ceylon;  Barrackpore,  Bengal ; 
Tenasserim.  ?•  Length  7-8;  exp.  16  mm.  d.  Length  b; 
ex2J.  14  mm. 

Genus  SYSTROPHA. 
Systropba,  Elwj,  Illig.  Mag.  Ins.  v,  p.  146  (1805). 
Type,  S.  airvicornis,  Scop. 

Banqe.  Europe;  Asia  Minor ;  Egypt;  Burma;  Tenassenm. 
Head  not  so  broad  as  the  thorax,  front  broad;  the  eyes  small, 
their  inner  orbits  parallel;  ocelli  placed  in  a  curve  on  the  anterior 
verge  of  the  vertex  ;  antenna  filiform,  the  flagellum  of  the  female 
^  slio-htly  thickened,  the  apical  three 

inints  in  the  male  curved  and 
forming  an  equilateral  triangle; 
labial  palpi  4-ioiuted ;  maxillary  palpi 
e-iointed.  Thorax  orbicular,  short ; 
median  segment  rounded  posteriorly; 
legs  stout,  the  posterior  tibiaJ  in  males 
incrassate:  wings  broad,  ample;  fore 
win  g  with  the  radial  cell  broad  at  base, 
FiK  152  subacute  at  apex,  which  is  approxi- 

Svstrophaifformis,^.   f.       mate  to  the  costal  margin;  three 
^  cubital  cells,  the  1st  cell  the  largest, 

tV,P  2nd  narrowed  and  angular  at  base,  the  3rd  strongly  narrowed 

I  never  came  across  the  female. 

822.  Systropha  difformis,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Eym.  B.  M.  p.  60, 6  ;  DM. 

Torr.  Cat.  %,  p.  192.  „    i    .  j. 

,  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pub.^^^^^^^^^  ^J^tl^TZ. 

what  sparsely  punctured;  ^^P'r}!^,*'^^"'  f ^^^^^^^  the  front 
high,  rLnded  anteriorly,  and  cih^ated  wi^^^^^  .^^^  ^ 

from  the  anterior  ocellus  to       ^^^^  f  /^^^^Jf'^ed^  segment 

broad  but  not  very  P'-^^^^^i/^'J^ .'^^ 

with  a  sublunate  depressed  space  at  base    aoaom  ^^^^ 

subapical  constriction      "f.^^^^^fj^  2ndT^  P™" 

the  basal  three  segments,  the  ^'^^l^l^;^ ^^^J  lateral 

Slet'tLWeS^^^^^^^^^ 


STSTEOPHA. — THATIMATOSOMA. 


467 


shaped  projection  which  is  narrowed  at  base  and  obliquely  concave 
at  apex.  Jet-black  and  shining,  the  apical  three  joints  of  the 
flagelluin  of  the  antenuoe  light  testaceous  ;  the  whole  head,  thorax, 
and  abdomen  covered  with  a  thia  soft  hoary  pubescence ;  wings 
h3^aline,  hghtly  fiiscescent. 

JTah.  Buvma.;  Tenasserim.     cj.  Lencjth  10-12 ;  eajp.  21-23  mm. 
5  imknown. 

Genus  THAUMATOSOMA. 

Thaumatosoma,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  ser.  3,  vol.  ii,  18G5,  p.  394. 

Type,  2\  duboulaii,  Smith. 
Range.  Australia;  Burma. 

d .  Head  orbicular,  about  as  wide  as  the  thorax ;  ocelli  in  a 
broad  triangle,  nearly  in  a  curve,  on  the  vertex ;  labial  palpi  4- 
jointed,  basal  two  joints  subequal,  elongate,  the  apical  two  minute, 
placed  at  an  angle  near  the  apex  of  the  2nd  joint ;  maxillary  palpi 

2-jointed,  minute,  basal  joint  stout, 
apical  thinner,  pointed  at  apex; 
the  apical  lobe  of  the  maxilla  twice 
the  length  of  the  basal  lobe ; 
antenna  with  the  scape  short,  thick, 
the  flagellum  with  the  apical  joint 
dilated,  flat  and  thin,  the  rest  of  the 
joints  either  all  slender,  filiform  and 
elongate,  or  the  basal  seven  normal 
'Sip  153.— Thaumatosoma,  and  the  subapical  four  suddenly 
burmanicwm,  ^.   f  attenuated  and  filiform.  Thorax 

ovate ;  legs  moderately  stout :  the 
fore  wing  with  the  radial  cell  narrow,  rounded  at  base  and  apex  ; 
two  cubital  cells,  the  2nd  receiving  both  recurrent  nervures,  the 
1st  near  the  base,  the  2nd  near  the  apex.  Abdomen  cylindrical,  the 
apical  segments  curved  downwards,  the  7th  segment  medially 
strongly  carinate,  the  carina  ending  in  a  blunt  spine,  the  side's 
of  the  segment  also  produced  and  forming  incurving  blunt  teeth 
on  each  side  ;  basal  segment  beneath  produced  and  having  a  strong 
blunt  tooth  on  each  side. 

In  the  paper  in  the  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  containing  a  diagnosis  of 
the  genus  Thaumatosoma,  Smith  also  described  an  insect  from 
South  America  under  the  name  Eiicera  inirabilis,  the  antennae  of 
which  still  more  closely  resemble  those  of  the  insect  described 
below.  No  specimen  of  this  so-called  Eucera  is  in  the  British 
Museum,_but  I  have  Uttle  doubt  that  it  also  agrees  best,  as  does  the 
Burman  insect,  with  the  characters,  especially  of  the  mouth-parts, 
of  the  genus  Thaumatosoma.  * 

823.  Thaiimatosoma  burmanicum,  n.  sp. 

d  •  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured  and 
more  or  less  pubescent,  the  head  in  front  densely  so;  median 
segment  short,  truncate  posteriorly,  the  sides  rounded.    Black;  the 

2h2 


468 


ATfDM. 


pubescence  on  the  head  in  front  and  the  thorax  white,  sh'ghtly 
fulvous  ;  the  scape,  the  basal  two  and  subapical  four  filiform  joints 
of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae,  and  the  femora  above  and  tibiae 
of  the  anterior  and  intermediate  legs  testaceous  red  ;  the  rest  of 
the  antennae  and  legs  nigro-piceous  ;  the  pubescence  on  the  legs 
and  transverse  bands,  widening  laterally  on  the  apical  margins  of 
abdominal  segments  1-5,  greyish  white;  wings  fusco-hyaline, 
nervures  and  tegulfe  dark  piceous  brown. 

Bab.  Eangoon,  Lower  Burma  ;  Tenasserim.     cJ  •  Length  9  ; 
exp.  17  mm. 

Genus  OSMIA. 

Osmia,  Panz.  Krit.  Revis.  Faun.  DeutscM.  ii,  p.  230  (1806). 
Amblys  et  HopUtis,  Xlug,  Illig.  Mag.  Ins.  vi,  pp.  225  &  226  (1807). 

Type,  0.  rufa.  Linn. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  not  quite  so  wide  as  the  thorax,  subglobose ;  ocelli  placed 

in  a  curve  on  the  vertex ;  antennae 
filiform,  the  scape  slightly  incrassate ; 
the  mandibles  stout,  with  teeth  at 
apex ;  labrum  oblong :  tongue  elongate ; 
labial  palpi  4-jointed,  the  1st  joint 
shorter  than  the  2nd,  the  apical  two 
minute ;   maxillary  palpi  4-jointed, 
basal  joint  stout,  2nd  longer  than  the 
1st,  2nd  and  3rd  subclavate,  apical 
joint  minute.     Thorax  short;  fore 
wing  with  the  radial  cell  acute  at  apex 
and    slightly    appendiculate  ;  two 
cubital  cells,  the  2nd  receiving  the  1st 
recm-rent  nervure  between  base  and 
middle,  the  2nd  near  the  apex ;  legs 
moderately  stout  and  long.  Abdomen 
oblong,  convex  above,  densely  pubes- 
cent beneath  in  the  female  ;  in  the 
male  the  apical  segment  dentate. 
Nothing  is  known  of  the  habits  of 
the  sole  species  of  Osmia  as  yet  known  from  India.    The  European 
species  construct  their  nests"  variously  in  the  earth  of  banks,  in  dry 
bramble  branches,  in  old  posts  and  raihngs,  in  snail-shells,  &c. 

824.  Osmia  adsB,  n.  sp.    (PI.  Ill,  fiig.  10.) 

(J .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  very  finely  and  closely  punc- 
tured, granular ;  the  abdomen  shining,  the  margins  of  segments 
1-5  slightly  constricted;  clypeus  sbghtly  convex,  rounded  ante- 
riorly ;  median  segment  coucavo-truncate  posteriorly,  the  apical 
segment  of  the  abdomen  bidentate.  Dark  shining  metallic  blue  ; 
the  mandibles,  antenna;,  and  tarsi  piceous  black ;  the  clypeus  and 
front  the  cheeks  and  occiput,  and  the  sides  of  the  thorax  and  of 


2 

Fig.  154.— OswMU.  1,  maxilla; 
2,  labium.   (Much  enlarged.) 


1 


OSXIIA. — LlTmiBGUS. 


469 


the  median  segment  covered  with  long  soft  white  pubescence ;  the 
legs  and  sides  and  apex  of  tlie  abdomen  with  sliorter,  more  sparse 
glistening  silvery  pubescence  ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  piceous. 

Hub.  Kumaun,  i^.W.  Himalayas  {Miss  Ada  Brook).  S  ■  Length 
10  ;  ex^.  18  mm. 

Genus  LITHURGUS. 
Lithurgus,  Latr.  Fam.Nat.  du,  Rigtie  Anim.  p.  463  (1825). 
Type,  L.  cornulus,  Fabr. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  as  broad  as  the  thorax  ;  the  inner  orbits  of  the  eyes  parallel 

or  very  slightly  convergent  below  ; 
mandibles  narrow,  thick,  not  flat- 
tened as  in  Megachile,  tridentate 
at  apex  ;  labial  palpi  4-jointed  ; 
maxillary  palpi  4-jointed  ;  face  be- 
tween the  antennse  tuberculate ; 
vertex  rounded,  the  ocelli  placed 
in  a  triangle  on  the  fi'ont  below  it : 
Fig.  155.  thorax  as  in  MegacJiiU  ;  legs  stouter, 

Lithirgus  atratus,  J .  f .  generally  with  longer  pubescence  in 
the  female  ;  wings  exactly  as  in  Megachile ;  abdomen  broad,  flat- 
tened and  depressed  above,  more  convex  beneath  than  in  Megachile. 

The  habits  of  one  of  the  Indian  species,  L.  deniipes,  Smith,  are 
said  by  Horne  (Trans.  Zool.  Soc.  vii,  p.  175)  to  be  similar  to  those 
of  Megachile. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

a.  Posterior  tibiae  coarsely  rugose  on  outer  side .  .    L.  atratus,  p.  469. 

b.  Posterior  tibise  finely  punctured  on  outer  side.     L.  detilipes,  p.  470. 

825.  Lithurg^us  atratus.  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  145,  $ ;  JDall.  Ton:  Cat. 
X,  p.  415. 

2 .  Head  and  thorax  transversely  rugose ;  abdomen  shining, 
sparsely  punctured,  the  punctures  shallow  ;  clypeus  strongly  punc- 
tured, produced  into  a  triangular  prominent  tubercle  at  base, 
arched  anteriorly,  and  fi-inged  with  a  thick  tuft  of  pubescence  ;  the 
posterior  tibiae  coarsely  rugose  above ;  the  2nd  abdominal  segment 
constricted  at  base,  the  apical  margins  of  segments  2-5  narrowly 
subdepi-essed.  Jet-black ;  the  apex  of  the  clypeus,  the  face  on 
both  sides  the  pronotum,  the  sides  and  apex  of  the  median  seg- 
ment, and  base  of  the  abdomen  with  a  thin  soft  white  pubescence  ; 
the  legs  black  with  black  pubescence ;  the  apical  margins  of  segments 
1-5  fringed  with  white  pubescence,  on  the  basal  segment  this  is 
broadly  interrupted  in  the  middle  ;  the  apical  segment  with  black 
pubescence  above;  the  pollen -brush  thin,  from  a  brownish  red  to 
black  in  different  specimens  ;  wings  f usco-hyaline,  with  a  slight 
purple  eflPulgence. 

Hab.  Allahabad;  Dehra  Dun;  Karachi;  Bangalore;  Ceylon; 
Burma;  Tenasserim.     $  .  Length  11-13;  e.vp.  20-24  mm. 


470 


A.V1DJE. 


826.  Litlmrgus  dentipes,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  146,  j ;  -DaW.  Torr.  Cat. 
X,  p.  416. 

5 .  Allied  to  and  closely  resembling  L.  atrcttus,  but  a  nar- 
rower, somewhat  smaller  species ;  the  punctures  on  the  head 
and  thorax  and  on  the  otxtside  oi'  the  tibias  are  much  finer ;  the 
abdomen  is  more  convex,  not  so  flat ;  and  above  all  the  legs  are  very 
much  stouter,  the  femora  and  tibi83  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior 
legs  considerably  thiclveued,  the  former  being  deeply  channelled 
and  bideutate  near  the  apex  on  the  undenside.  Black,  the  apical 
six  joints  of  the  antennse  and  the  abdomen  obscm'ely  piceous,  the 
apical  margins  of  segments  1-5  paler;  the  pubescence  white  as  in 
L.  atratus,  the  6th  segment  covered  with  fuscous-black  pubescence  ; 
the  pollen-brush  always  black. 

cJ  similar  ;  the  face  with  pale  yellow,  the  disc  of  themesonotum 
with  ochreous  pubescence,  the  apical  joints  of  the  tarsi  rufo- 
testaceous. 

Hab.  Sikhim ;  Mainpuri,  N.W.P.  (Home)  ;  Tenasserim  ;  New 
Holland  (Smith).  $  .  Lmcjih  10-12  ;  exp.  20-22  mm.  d  slightly 
smaller. 

Genus  MEGACHILE. 

Megaehile,  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  n\,  p.  382  (1802). 
Trachusa,  pt.,  Jurine,  Jiym.  p.  247  (1807). 
Chalicodoma,  pt.,  Lepel.  Bym.  ii,  p.  309  (1841). 

Type,  M.  cenfuncularis,  Linn. 
Range.  All  parts  of  the  world. 

Head  variable,  generally  as  M'ide  as  the  thorax  ;  mandibles  stout, 
broad  and  flattish  towards  apex,  with  4  teeth,  the  exterior  tooth 

acute;  ocelli  in  a  triangle 
placed  forward  on  the  vertex ; 
antennae  filiform,  geniculate  ; 
labial  palpi  4-joiuted,  basal 
two  joints  elongate,  subequal, 
apical  two  minute,  subclavate, 
articulated  outside  near  the 
apex  of  the  2nd  joint ;  max- 
illary palpi  2-joiuted,  short, 
the  basal  joint  shortest,  the 
apical  joint  obtuse  at  the 
apex  and  setose ;  the  labrum 
oblong, with  the  sides  parallel. 
Thorax  short,  subglobose;  the 
scutellum  often  projecting 
posteriorly  and  overhanging 
the  median  segment  ;  legs 
moderately  stout,  the  poste- 
rior tarsi"(§)  flattened  and 
clothed  on  the  inner  side 
with  dense  short  pubescence ;  the  tibiffi  (especially  the  anterior  pair) 


\J 

■1  3 
Fig.  15&.—Mci/ac?iile.   1,  mandible  : 
2,  maxilla  ;  3,  labium.    (Much  enlarged.) 


MEGfAOHIIiE. 


471 


and  the  coxa3  in  the  male  variable,  the  latter  generally  dentate 
the  former  and  the  basal  joint  of  tlie  anterior  tarsi  often  flattened 
and  produced  or  otherwise  modified.  Wings  broad,  ample  ;  fore 
wing  with  the  radial  cell  moderately  broad,  more  or  less  rounded  at 
apex ;  two  cubital  cells,  subequal  on  the  cubital  nervure,  the  2nd  cell 
receivino-  the  two  recurrent  nervures  at  base  and  apex  respectively. 
Abdomen  variable,  subcordate,  oblong  or  elongate,  base  concavo- 
truncate ;  ventral  segments  ( 2  )  furnished  with  a  more  or  less 
dense  pollen-brush ;  apical  segment  (  d  )  notched,  often  dentate.  _ 
The  species  of  Megachile,  known  as  "  leaf -cutter  "  bees  from  then- 
habit  of  cutting  out  portions  of  leaves  as  Hniug  for  their  nests, 
abound  in  India,  many  species  coming  into  houses  and  stuffing  up 
every  available  hole  with  clay  and  the  material  of  their  nests. 
The  key-holes  of  boxes,  of  drawers  in  writing-tables,  &c.,  are  very 
favourite  nesting-places.  Many  species  dig  into  the  ground,  and 
line  the  tunnel  thus  made  with  neat  round  portions  of  leaves.  All 
store  pollen  as  food  for  their  larvae. 


Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Abdomen  black,   with  entu-ely  black 

pubescence  above. 

a.  Wings  dark  fuscous.  ^ 

a'.  Face  with  black  pubescence    M.  anthradna  ^1^. 

b'.  Face  with  white  pubescence   M.  elizahethce  $,  p.  474. 

c'.  Face  with  golden  pubescence    M.  carbonaria  <5 ,  p.  474. 

b.  Wings  fusco-  or  fiavo-hyaline. 

a'.  Head  and  thorax  in  front  with  dense 

fulvous  pubescence   M.  semivestita,  p.  474. 

v.  Head  and  thorax  with  black  pubes- 
cence. 

'  or.  Olypeus  produced  and  tuberculate 

in  middle   M.  tiiierailata,  p.  475. 

J^.  Clypeus  not  tuberculate  in  middle. 

a'.  Clypeus  emarginate  anteriorly.     M.  atmta,  p.  475. 

P.  Clypeus  arched  anteriorly    M.  heteroptera,  p.  475. 

c.  Wings    hyaline,  fuscous  along  apical 

margin   M.  anthracina  S ,  p.  473. 

B.  Abdomen  with  fulvous  or  ferruginous-red 

pubescence  above. 

a.  Clypeus  emarginate  anteriorly   M.  ardens,  p.  475. 

Olypeus  arched  anteriorly. 
a '.  Head  and  thorax  with  black  pubes- 
cence 

or.  Abdomen  cordate.     Length  12- 

14  mm   M.  bellula,  p.  476. 

b'.  Abdomen  elongate.     Length  8-9 

mm   M.  stidta,  p.  470. 

b'.  Head    and     thorax   with  fulvous 

pubescence    M.fulvovestita,  p.  477. 

c,  Clypeus  transverse  anteriorly. 

a'.  Pollen- brush  white    M.  bicolor,  ■j^.4:77. 


472 


b' .  Pollen-brush  golden-yellow. 

li^.  Lengtli  17-20  mm   M.  fraterim,  p.  478. 

6^  Lentrth  11-14  mm   M.'quartince,  p.  478. 

e'.  PoUen-biush  rich  ferru^nous  red  ..    itf.  mya^acea,  p.  479. 
0.  Abdomen  with  basal  segment  clothed  with 
snow-white,  sometimes  pale  yellow  long 
pubescence,    rest    of  abdomen  with 
sparse  black  pubescence. 
a.  Pollen-brush  entirely  bright  fulvous  . .    M.  conpincta,  p.  479. 

h.  Pollen-brush  entirely  jet-black   M.  disjuncta,  p.  480. 

c.  Pollen-brush  fulvous  in  middle,|rest  black    M.  relata,  p.  480. 

D.  Abdomen  with  basal  1,  2,  or  3  segments 

clothed  with  fulvous  pubescence,  rest 
with  black. 

a.  Clypeua  tuberculate  in  middle  anteriorly.    M.  mmticola,  p.  480. 
h.  Clypeus  not  tuberculate  anteriorly, 
o'.  Head  with  black  pubescence. 

Thorax  with  black    or  fuscous 

pubescence    M.  badia,  p.  481. 

h'^.  Thorax  vrith  fulvous  pubescence  .  .    M.  bhavana,  p.  481. 
b'.  Head  with  fulvous  pubescence. 

a".  Antennffi  and  legs  fulvous  red  ....    M.  dimidicda,  p.  482. 
6^.  Antennfe  and  legs  black. 

ff\  Length  17-18  mm   M.  velutina,  p.  482. 

6".  Length  12-13  mm   M.  ceylmiica,  p.  482. 

E.  Abdomen  with  basal  one  or  two  segments 

with  fulvous  pubescence,  remainder  cili- 
ated or  banded  with  same  or  with  white 
pubescence. 
a.  Pubescence  rich  fulvous  red. 
a'.  PoUen-brush  white. 

Wings  flavo-hyaline,  fuscescent 

along  apical  margin   M.  lanata,  p.  483. 

S^.  Wings  dark  fuscous  with  a  rich 

purple  effulgence,  base  hyaline  .  .    M,  umhripennis,  p.  483. 

V .  PoUen-brush  pale  fulvous   M.  amputata,  p.  484. 

h.  Pubescence  pale  fulvous. 

a'.  Length  17  mm   ilf.  jsewe^ra^a  2  *  p.484.  I 

b'.  Length  12  mm   M.  buddha(^*,  p.  484.  j 

c.  Pubescence  bright  yellow   M.  vestita,  p.  485. 

F.  Abdomen  with  transverse  bands  on  all 
segments  above  of  white  pubescence. 

a.  Pollen-brush  white. 
a'.  Punctures  on  disc  of  mesonotum  coarse, 
running  into  transverse  strim. 
Head    and  thorax  with  white 

pubescence    M.  cephahtes,  p.  485. 

6^.  Head  and  thorax  with  fulvous 

pubescence    M.faceta,  p.  486. 

b'.  Punctures  on  disc  running  into  strise. 
o".  Head   and  thorax  with  fulvous 

pubescence  . ,   M.  griseopicta,  p.  486. 


*  Probnbly  the  two  seies  of  one  species. 


MEGACHILE. 


473 


4".  Head  and  thorax  with  white  pubes- 
cence. 

Clypeus  with  a  medial  vertical 

carina   M.  puMripes, -p.  486. 

Clypeus  not  carinate. 
a*.  Length  8-16  mm. 

aK  Legs  entirely  black    M.  albifrons,  p.  487. 

fi".  Legs  more  or  less  testaceous 
or  orange-yellow, 
a".  Pubescence  pale  yellow. .    M.  femorata,  p.  488. 
i'.  Pubescence  snow-white  .  .    M.  vigilans,  p.  488. 

h^.  Length  6'5  mm   M.  nana,  p.  487. 

6.  Pollen-brush  bright  fulvous  or  white  at 
base,  fulvous  at  apex. 
a'.  Front  above  clypeus  tuberculate  ....    M.  hera,  p.  489. 
b' .  Front  above  clypeus  not  tuberculate . .    M.  cMorigaster,  p.  489. 

G.  Abdomen  with  segments  3-6  narrowly 

fringed  or  ciliated  with  ferruginous 

golden  pubescence    M.  tricincta,  p.  489. 

H.  Abdomen  with  black  pubescence  above, 

one  or  two  apical  segments  with  pubes- 
cence of  another  colour. 

a.  Apical  margin  of  5th  and  whole  of  6th 

segment  above  with  dense  clay-coloured 

pubescence   M.  moelleri,  p.  490. 

b.  Apical  two  segments  bright  testaceous 

brown   M.  steloides,  p.  490. 

827.  MegacMle  anthracina.    (PI.  Ill,  fig.  11.) 

Smith,  Cat.  \,  p.  175,  5  . 
Megachile  fasciculata.  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  180,  cJ . 
Megachile  hornei,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897  ((?). 

$ .  Head  and  thorax  very  closely  and  finely  punctured,  the 

clypeus  and  front  pubescent ;  abdomen  smooth, 

the  margins  of  the  segments  lightly  depressed, 

with  a  few  scattered  fine  punctures,  the  apical 

segment  above  pubescent ;  clypeus  moderately 

convex,  its  anterior  margin  broadly  arched ; 

mandibles   large,   broad  at  apex  and  finely 

punctured.    Jet-black,  with  black  pubescence, 

somewhat  sooty  black  and  long  on  the  median 

^^^■.}^''\,  segment  behind ;  the  front  above  the  ocelli, 
Meqacmle  antnra-      .  i       i     i  n  j.i  u  i, 

cina  cJ.  ^'^^  cheeks,  and  the  thorax  above  bare;  the 

sides  of  the  abdomen  with  a  little  black  pubes- 
cence ;  the  pollen-brush  dense  and  black ;  wings  dark  fuscous  with 
a  purple  effulgence. 

S  differs  in  being  smaller,  more  finely  and  closely  punctured  ;  the 
pubescence  on  the  clypeus,  front,  and  thorax  anteriorly  is  fulvous 
white,  on  the  median  segment  and  basal  abdominal  segment  sooty 
black ;  the  anterior  and  intermediate  legs  are  rufo-testaceous  on  the 
inside,  the  tarsi  of  the  latter  fringed  with  fuscous  hairs,  forming  a 
broad  fan  posteriorly  ;  the  apical  segment  slightly  notched  in  the 
middle ;  wings  hyaline,  broadly  fuscescent  along  their  apical  margins. 


474 


apid;e. 


Hah.  Throughout  the  North- West  Provinces  and  Bengal,  not 
ascending  the  hills  to  any  height.  $  .  Leiujtli  19-21 ;  exp.  38- 
42  mm.    c?  •  Lenijth  lG-18  ;  exp.  30-34  mm. 

828.  Megachile  elizabethsB,  n.  sp. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  finely,  closely,  and  regularly,  abdomen 
more  sparsely  punctured  and  shining  ;  clypeus  broader  than  high, 
convex  at  base,  anteriorly  widely  emarginate,  the  middle  incised, 
with  two  slight  projecting  teeth ;  mandibles  with  a  longitudinal 
groove  ruuuing  from  the  inside  of  the  lower  apical  tooth,  the 
inner  flat  broad  portion  at  apex  sparsely  punctured ;  head  not 
quite  so  wide  as  the  thorax  ;  abdomen  ovato-conical,  the  margins 
of  the  segments  depressed,  the  depressions  medially  much  broader. 
Black ;  the  sides  of  the  face  in  front,  the  cheeks  and  thorax 
anteriorly  with  a  soft  longish  white  pubescence,  turning  to  f usco- 
cinereous  between  the  autennffi  and  on  the  median  segment 
posteriorly ;  the  base  of  the  abdomen  and  the  convex  pygichum 
with  a  thin  covering  of  fuscous  hairs  ;  the  pollen-brush  very  dense, 
black,  ferruginous  red  in  the  middle ;  legs  with  black  pubescence  ; 
wings  fuscous  with  a  purple  effulgence. 

cJ  similar,  smaller ;  the  pubescence  on  the  clypeus  and  cheeks 
very  dense,  the  base  of  the  1st  segment  with  a  square  patch  and 
broadly  interrupted  transverse  bands  at  the  apical  margins  of 
segments  2-6  of  the  abdomen  of  white  pubescence ;  the  bases  of 
the  2nd  and  following  segments  strongly  constricted,  the  apex  of 
the  7th  segment  notched ;  wings  hyaline  at  base. 

Hah.  Tenasserim.  ?  .  Length  16-18  ;  exp.  34-39  mm.  cJ  • 
Length  14 ;  exp.  29  mm. 

*829.  Megachile  carbonaria,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  179,  J ;  Ball.  Torr. 
Cat.  X,  p.  423. 

"  d  .  Length  5|  lines  ( =  about  13  mm.).  Black  and  shining,  the 
abdomen  having  in  some  hghts  a  purple  metallic  iridescence ;  th 
face  below  the  insertion  of  the  antennae  densely  covered  with 
bright  golden  pubescence ;  wings  purple-black  ;  sides  of  the  meta- 
thorax  covered  with  black  pubescence ;  disc  of  the  thorax  and  the 
abdomen  above  naked,  the  apical  segment  has  its  apex  notched  ui 
the  middle. 

"  Hah.  Northern  India  (coll.  W.  W.  Saunders,  Esq.). 

830.  Megachile  semivestita. 

Ohalicodoma  semivestita,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  148,  J . 

cJ .  Head  and  thorax  densely,  the  legs  and  abdomen  sparsely 
pubescent ;  the  tibise  and  basal  joints  of  the  tarsi  of  the  legs  and 
the  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured,  the  individual  hairs  of 
the  sparse  pubescence  springing  from  each  puncture ;  mandibles 
rather  coarsely  longitudinally  striate.  Head  and  thorax  covered 
with  fulvous,  the  median  segment  broadly  on  the  sides,  the  legs 
and  abdomen  with  black  pubescence;  wings  fusco-hyalme,  dark- 
enuig  slightly  along  the  costal  margm  of  the  fore  wnig. 

Hah.  India  {Smith),     d  -  Lemjth  17 ;  e.vj).  32  mm. 


MBGACHILB. 


475 


831.  Megacliile  tuterculata,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc  1858,  p.  46,  $. 
P  Mef?achile  loDgipalpis,  Radoszk.  Wiadom.  z  nauk  Przyrod.  pt.  ii 

(1882),  p.  78. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  but  not  coarsely  punc- 
tured ;  head  as  wide  as  the  thorax ;  mandibles  long,  curved,  some- 
what narrow,  with  a  blunt  tooth  on  the  inner  margin  near  the 
base  and  three  apical  teeth  ;  clypeus  short,  broad,  produced  in  the 
middle  into  a  long  prominent  tubercle ;  the  vertex  behind  the 
ocelli  flattish,  broad,  with  an  abbreviated  medial  longitudinal  carina. 
Black,  with  black  pubescence;  the  median  segment  posteriorly  aud 
the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  with  sooty-brown  pubescence  ; 
the  pollen-brush  black ;  wings  fulvo-hyaline,  the  apical  margins 
light  fuscous. 

^£(6.  Tenasserim  ;  Singapore  ;  Borneo.  $  .  Length  22-25  ; 
exp.  44-48  mm. 

832.  MegacMle  atrata,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  182,  $ . 

Megachile  falvipennis,  Smith,  Neio  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  68,  $  . 

5  .  Head  in  front  somewhat  coarsely  and  sparsely  punctured, 
shining  ;  the  clypeus  short,  broad,  longitudinall_y  striate,  anteriorly 
broadly  emarginate,  the  emargination  square :  a  medial  vertical 
carina  not  quite  reaching  to  the  apex  ;  thorax  coarsely  transversely 
rugose ;  abdomen  moderately,  finely,  and  densely  punctured ; 
segments  1-4  with  a  transverse  narrow  subapical  groove  above. 
Black,  with  jet-black  pubescence  ;  the  pollen-brush  black,  m 
some  specimens  sHghtly  reddish  along  the  middle ;  wings  fusco- 
hyaline  or  fulvo-hyaline,  with  a  broad  fuscous  margin  (the  common 
form). 

(J  similar,  smaller ;  the  apical  segment  carinate  down  the  middle, 
the  sides  broadened  and  recurved,  the  apex  incised ;  clypeus  with 
a  little  dense  white  pubescence  above  and  anteriorly. 

Hah.  Burma ;  Tenasserim  ;  JSTicobars  ;  Philippines.  $  .  Length 
18-22 ;  exp.  40-42  mm.    <S  .  Length  15  ;  exp.  28  mm. 

*833.  MegacMle  heteroptera,  Sich.  Novara-Reise,  Hym.  p.  149 ;  Ball. 
Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  433. 

"  $  closely  allied  to  and  resembling  M.  atrata  ;  differs  in  having 
the  clypeus  anteriorly  rounded,  not  emarginate,  and  in  the  pollen- 
brush  being  reddish  in  the  middle. 

"  (5  similar  to  the  same  sex  in  M.  atrata,  but  the  pubescence  on 
the  front  and  clypeus  fulvous  red,  not  white. 

'■'■Hah.  Nicobars.  5 .  Length  17-21  ;  wing  11-13  mm.  {exp. 
about  26-30  ram.).     (S  somewhat  smaller." 

834.  Megachile  ardens,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  67,  ? . 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  pubescent ;  the  head  above  the 
ocelli,  cheeks,  and  clypeus  bare,  very  finely  and  closely  punctured, 
the  anterior  margin  of  the  last  emarginate,  with  the  lateral  angles 
of  the  emargination  dentate  and  a  -|- -shaped  carina  at  the  base. 
Black ;  the  front  above  the  antemiee  with  a  little  black  pubescence ; 


476 


apid;b. 


the  thorax  covered  with  a  thin  fulvous  pile,  generally  somewhat 
abraded  on  the  disc  of  the  mesonotuin  ;  legs  with  fuscous-black 
and  the  abdomen  covered  with  dense  rufo-fulvous  pubescence 
above ;  the  pollen-brush  fulvous,  the  anterior  tarsi  throughout  and 
the  intermediate  and  posterior  pairs  on  the  inside  with  ferruginous 
pubescence  ;  wings  fusco-hyaline,  darkening  towards  their  apex. 
Hah.  Ceylon.     $  .  Lencjili  14 ;  exp.  26  mm. 

835.  MegacMle  bellula,  n.  sp. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  sparsely,  abdomen  densely  pubescent ;  the 
clypeus,  vertex  of  the  bead,  mesonotum,  and  scutellum  above  bare, 

finely  and  closely  punctui-ed  ;  clypeus 
broad,  convex,  its  anterior  margin 
boldly  arched  ;  scutellum  rounded 
posteriorly,  not  projecting  over  the 
postscutellum  and  median  segment; 
abdomen  subcordate,  slightly  de- 
pressed. Black  ;  the  pubescence  fus- 
cous black  on  the  front  and  between 
Pig  158.  the  antenna,  and  white  on  both  sides 

MegacMle  bellula,  (S .   f.       of  the  face  along  the  inner  orbits, 

on  the  sides  of  the  pronotum,  of  the 
scutellum,  and  of  the  median  segment  it  is  griseous,  inside  of  the 
tarsi  with  ferruginous  pubescence  ;  abdomen  covered  with  dense 
short  fulvous-red  pubescence  above  on  segments  3-5,  the  basal 
two  segments  with  transverse  fasciae  of  a  lighter  yellow,  and  the 
apical  segment  with  a  mixture  of  black  and  fulvous  hairs  ;  pollen- 
brush  golden  yellow  ;  wings  hyaline,  lightly  fuscous. 

<S  similar,  nai'rower  in  shape,  the  clypeus  and  front  covered 
with  a  beautiful  hght  golden,  the  scutellum  at  the  sides  and  median 
segment  posteriorly  with  thick  long  fuscous  pubescence ;  abdomen 
entii'ely  clothed  with  rufo-fulvous  pubescence  ;  the  anterior  tarsi 
testaceous ;  the  apical  segment  notched. 

Hah.  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ;  Sumatra.  $  .  Length  12-14  ;  exp. 
22-24  mm.     J  •  Length  12-13  ;  exp.  24  mm. 

836.  MegacMle  stulta,  n.  sp. 

$ .  Head  and  thorax  somewhat  coarsely  and  very  closely 
punctured,  with  a  granular  appearance ;  abdomen  pubescent ; 
clypeus  convex,  broader  than  high,  anteriorly  boldly  arched; 
median  segment  slightly  concave  posteriorly  and  smooth ;  the 
bases  of  abdominal  segments  1-5  narrowly  bare  and  finely  and 
closely  punctured.  Black ;  the  clypeus  and  sides  of  the  face,  the 
pronotum,  the  sutures  between  the  mesonotum,  scutellum,  post- 
scutellum, and  median  segment,  the  sides  of  the  last,  and 
the  legs  above  covered  with  a  thm  soft  white  down ;  the  inside  of 
the  tarsi  with  a  golden  fulvous,  and  the  abdomen  with  a  ferru- 
ginous-red pubescence  ;  the  pollen-brush  fuh  ous  golden  ;  wings 
fusco-hyaline. 


MEGACHILB. 


477 


c?  similar ;  the  clypeus  ia  front  and  at  buso,  and  the  space 
round  each  antenna  with  white  pubescence,  the  pubescence  on  the 
thorax  fulvous  and  denser,  on  the  abdomen  more  sparse  than  in 
the  female,  the  apical  two  bands  on  the  latter  whitish  ;  wings  deep 
yellow  at  base,  fusco-hyaline  at  apex. 

Hab.  Sikhim;  Bangalore,  Southern  India  (PFaison).  ^  .Length  Q; 
exp.  16  mm.     6  .  Length  8 ;  ea-p.  16  mm. 

837.  Megachile  fulvovestita,  <S»ijY/t,  Cat.L-a.nQ,  Q^;  Ball.  Tor. 

C«<.  X,  p.  431. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  covered  with  dense  pubescence 
above,  the  pubescence  on  the  legs  and  beneath  sparse,  the  surface 
under  the  pubescence  closely  and  finely  punctured ;  the  clypeus 
widely  arched  anteriorly  and  with  a  medial  vertical  carina  apparent 
under  the  pubescence  ;  head  flat,  transverse,  about  as  broad  as  the 
thorax.  Black,  the  pubescence  rich  fulvous,  pollen-brush  white ; 
wings  subhyaline,  slightly  fuscous  towards  the  apex. 

d  similar,  smaller,  the  head  broader  in  proportion  and  sub- 
quadrate  ;  the  anterior  tarsi  remarljably  broad  and  flat,  the  basal 
three  joints  with  broad  flat  internal  lobes ;  the  anterior  cox£e  have 
prominent  conical  tubercles  anteriorly.  Black  ;  the  pubescence  a 
more  golden  fulvous  than  in  the  female ;  the  anterior  femora,  tibise, 
and  tarsi  testaceous  yellow. 

Hah.  Bombay.  $  .  Length  15  ;  exp.  27  mm.  c? .  Length  13  ; 
exp.  24  mm. 

838.  MegacMle  hicolor. 

Apis  bicolor,  Fahr.  Mant.  Ins.  i,  p.  .304. 

Apis  albiventris,  Christ,  Hym.  p.  171,  pi.  13,  fio-.  9. 

Megachile  bicolor,  Lepel.  Hym.  ii,  p.  342 ;  Smith,  Cat.  \,  p.  181. 

$ .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  punctured ;  clypeus 
subtriangular,  slightly  convex,  anteriorly  transverse,  with  a  broad 
medial  shallow  sulcation  not  reaching  its  base  ;  abdomen  elono-ate, 
cordate.  Black ;  the  sides  of  the  face  and  clypeus  with  rather 
thick  white  pubescence,  a  spot  of  the  same  underneath  the  base  of 
the  wings;  the  median  segment  and  abdomen  above  with  rich 
fulvous  red,  the  posterior  lateral  angles  of  the  former  with  white 
pubescence;  legs  black,  the  pubescence  fuscous,  fulvous  red  on 
the  underside  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tarsi ;  poUeu-brush 
white ;  wings  fusco-hyaline. 

6  similar,  smaller,  head  proportionately  larger,  wings  lighter  in 
colour ;  median  segment  and  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tarsi 
beneath  with  golden  yellow  pubescence. 

Hah.  Eangit  Valley,  Sikhim;  Agra;  Allahabad;  Bombay 
Bangalore;  Burma;  China.  $.  Length  14-15;  e.%p.  30  mm 
cJ  .  Length  12  ;  exp.  26  mm. 


478 


839.  MegacMle  fraterna*  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  178,  $ . 

$.  Head  and  thorax  very  denselv  and  somewhat  finely 
punctiu-ed,  rugose ;  mandibles  very  broad  at  apex,  rugosely  striate, 
with  four  large  strong  teeth,  and  two  small 
protuberances  on  the  inner  side  ;  clypens  convex, 
semicircular,  arched  above,  transverse  below,  nnd 
fringed  with  stiff  bristly  hairs  ;  head  as  wide  as 
the  thorax  or  shghtly  wider;  scutellnm  more 
coarsely  punctured  than  the  rest  of  the  thorax. 
Head  and  thorax  iet-black,  with  black  pubescence 
on  the  front  betM'een  the  antennae,  alonp  the  sides 
of  the  mesonotum,  and  on  the  pleurte  and  legs ;  on 
the  median  segment  posteriorly  the  pubescence  is 
fuscous,  on  the  inside  of  the  po'!terior  tibiae  and 
tarsi  fulvous  ;  the  tibial  calcaria  of  the  posterior  legs  ferruginous  ; 
abdomen  clothed  with  dense  fulvo-ferruginous  pubescence;  the 
pollen-brush  golden  yellow ;  wings  flavo-hyaline  at  base,  broadly 
fuscous  at  apex. 

Hob.  India  (Smith) ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  (common).  ? . 
Length  17-20  ;  exp.  28-32  mm. 


Fig.  159. 

Megacliile 
fraterna,  J. 


840.  Megachile  quartinse,  Gribodo,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  (2")  i,  1884, 
p.352,  $. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  finely  punctured,  the 
punctures  on  the  thorax  above  running  into  oblique  anteriorly 
divergent  fine  striae  ;  clypeus  semicircular,  anteriorly  truncate,  the 
margin  obscurely  subdentate;  abdomen  with  the  apical  margins 
of  segments  1-5  broadly  depressed,  the  depressions  pubescent, 
punctured  under  the  pubescence  and  anteriorly  arched,  the  base  of 
the  segments  smooth,  impunctate.  Black,  a  little  black  pubescence 
on  both  sides  of  the  face ;  thorax  and  abdomen  covered  more  or 
less  densely  with  a  rich  short  ferruginous-red  pubescence,  which  is 
sparse  on  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum  and  forms  transverse  bands 
on  the  abdomen  ;  legs  nearly  bare,  the  tarsi,  especially  on  the 
inside,  with  a  thickish  covering  of  short  ferniginous  puljescence; 
pollen-brush  pale  golden  yellow ;  wings  bright  fulvo-hyaline, 
broadly  fnscescent  along  their  apical  margins. 

Rah.  Upper  Burma;  Tenasserim.  $.  Length  11-14:  exp.22- 
25  mm. 

The  specimens  I  procured  in  Tenasserim  are  darker  than  those 
from  Upper  Burma  appear  to  be  from  the  description. 


*  M.  qribodei,  Eadoszkowaky  (Windom.  z  nauk  Przyrod.  pt.  ii  (1882),  p.  80), 
from  Sikhim,  seems  to  me  to  be  a  smaller  form  of  this  species. 


MBGACniLB. 


479 


841.  MegacMle  mystacea*. 

Apis  uivstacoa,  Fabr.  Syst.  Ent.  p.  885  (Apis). 

Me-achile  nifiventris.  Oner.  Voy.  B6langer,  Zool.  p.  502,  Atlan,  Im. 

pi.  4,  fig.  5;  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  178.  „  „     lo^ri     om  o 

Megachile  luculenta,  Bingh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  K.  Soc.  189U,  p.  J4J,¥  • 

5 .  Head  and  thorax  densely  and  rather  coarsely  punctured ; 
clypeus  triangular,  depressed  inwards,  its  anterior  margin  trans- 
verse, waved,  and  having  in  the  middle  two  short  teeth,  and  above 
near  the  base  a  + -shaped  carina :  mandibles  large,  powerful,  longi- 
tuditially  rugose.  Black,  the  front  between  the  antennae  with 
tufts  of  "black  pubescence  ;  the  sides  of  the  pro-  and  mesonotura,  the 
meso-  and  metapleurse,  scutellnm,  and  median  segment  on  both  sides 
with  erect  fusco-griseous  pubescence  ;  legs  black  with  fuscous 
pubescence,  the  inside  of  the  posterior  pair  fulvous  ;  abdomen 
covered  with  dense  rich  ferruginous-red  pubescence,  very  often 
black  on  the  1st  segment ;  pollen-brush  ferruginous ;  wings  dark 
fuscous  to  fusco-hyaline,  in  by  far  the  commonest  variety  flavo- 
hyaline,  fuscous  along  then-  apical  margins. 

c?  similar,  smaller,  with  some  white  pubescence  on  the  front  of 
the  bead  and  clypeus.    The  calcaria  in  both  sexes  red. 

ffah.  India;  Isle  of  France  (Smith);  Burma;  Tenasserim, 
extending  into  the  Malayan  and  Australian  regions.  ?  .  Length 
15-20  ;  ex2o.  24-40  mm.     cJ  •  Length  12-13  ;  exp.  22  mm. 

842.  Megacliile  conjuncta,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  175,  $  c?- 

$ .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  very  minutely  and  closely 
punctured  ;  clypeus  more  sparsely  punctured,  with  an  impunctate 
space  down  the  middle,  its  anterior  margin  transverse,  the  front 
between  the  antennte  and  the  base  of  the  clypeus  moderately 
convex,  the  latter  anteriorly  depressed,  the  occiput  roundly 
emarginate;  abdominal  segments  1-5  with  their  apical  margins 
very  narrowly  depressed,  the  anal  segment  large,  the  pygidium 
convex  with  a  medial  longitudinally-impressed  line.  Black,  a  little 
fuscous  pubescence  on  the  clypeus  and  apical  segment  of  the 
abdomen,  the  depressed  margins  of  segments  2-5  with  transverse 
narrow  bands  of  the  same ;  the  sides  of  the  prothorax,  the  median 
segment,  and  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  clothed  with  white, 
at  the  sides  of  the  last  sometimes  with  yellowish  pubescence; 
pollen-brush  bright  fulvous ;  wings  hyaline,  broadly  light  fuscous 
towards  their  apex  ;  legs  castaneous  brown,  covered  with  glittering 
pale  hairs,  the  tarsi  of  the  intermediate  and  posterior  legs  with 
ferruginous  pubescence. 

cJ  similar,  smaller,  with  some  white  pubescence  on  the  front 
and  clypeus. 


*  Kadoszkowski  (Wiadom.  z  nauk  Przyrod.  pt.  ii,  p.  78)  describes  a  species 
under  the  name  M.  sikkimi  from  Sikhira,  which  is  either  identical  with  the 
above  or  closely  allied  to  it.  M.  sikkimi  differs  principally  in  having  the 
pubescence  on  the  thorax  and  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  entirely  black. 


480 


APIDiE. 


Hah.  Bengal  {Smith);  Sikhiin;  Burma;  Tenasserim;  Ceylon. 
$  .  Length  14-15  ;  exp.  26-28  mm.     d  .  Length  11 ;  exp.  23  mm. 

84y.  Megachile  disjuncta. 

Apis  disjuncta,  Fab7\  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  328. 

Megucliile  disjuncta,  Lepel.  Ilym.  ii,  p.  331 ;  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  178. 

?  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  and  somewhat  coarsely 
punctured,  the  margins  of  abdominal  segments  1-5  broadly  depressed, 
the  middle  of  the  4th  just  before  the  depressed  portion  always, 
and  of  the  2nd,  3rd,  and  5th  segments  very  often  smooth,  shining, 
impunctate ;  the  clypeus  from  the  fi-ont  subtriangular,  its  apical 
margin  transverse  ;  mandibles  broad  at  apex,  the  outer  tooth  acute ; 
vertex  broad,  flattish,  produced  back  ;  the  back  of  the  head  roundly 
emarginate.  Black  ;  the  face  and  front,  the  prothorax  at  the  sides 
and  beneath,  and  the  legs  on  the  outside  with  black  pubescence  ; 
he  pubescence  on  the  inside  of  the  tibisB  and  tarsi  fuscous  ;  the 
median  segment  and  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen  covered 
with  thick  long  white  to  rusty-yellow  pubescence  ;  the  pollen-brush 
jet-black  ;  wings  hyaline  fuscous,  for  their  apical  three-fourths 
with  a  brilliant  purple  effulgence. 

J  similar,  smaller  ;  the  base,  sides,  and  apex  of  the  clypeus  with 
long  white  pubescence. 

Hah.  Throughout  India,  Burma,  and  Tenasserim  ;  Isle  of  France 
(Smith).  $  .  Length  16-17  ;  exp.  30-32  mm.  cJ  .  Length  12  ; 
exp.  24  mm. 

844.  Megachile  relata,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  68,  5 . 

5  .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  M.  disjuncta,  Fabr. ;  head 
about  as  wide  as  the  thorax,  but  short,  not  so  much  produced 
behind  on  the  occiput  and  cheeks  as  in  that  species ;  head,  thorax, 
and  abdomen  more  finely  punctured,  the  margins  of  the  segments 
of  the  last  depressed,  but  as  closely  punctured  as  the  base,  not 
smooth ;  pubescence  as  in  M.  disjuncta,  but  the  pollen-brush 
bright  fulvous  in  the  middle  ;  the  wings  lighter  in  tint,  clear 
hyaline  at  base,  only  shghtly  fuscescent  towards  their  apical 
margins  ;  legs  castaneous  brown,  not  black. 

S  smaller,  exactly  similar  except  the  wings,  which  are  fusces- 
cent along  their  apical  margins. 

Hah.  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ;  China.  5  .  Length  11-12  ;  exp.  22- 
24  mm.     6  ■  Length  9  ;  exp.  19  mm. 

845.  Megachile  monticola.  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  179,  2 . 

?  Megachile  rhinoceros,  Mocs.  Termiz.  Fiizetek.  xv,  p.  131. 
?  IMegachile  felderi,  Sadoszk.  Wiadom.  z  nauk  Przyrod.  pt.  ii,  1882, 
p.  79,  ?. 

Megachile  samson,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

$  .  In  form,  in  shape  of  the  head,  the  clypeus,  and  mandibles 
precisely  like  M.  tuberculata ;  the  head  above  more  densely  and 
coarsely,  the  abdomen  more  finely  punctui-ed,  the  margins  of  the 


MHGAOHILE.  481 


segments  slightly  depressed,  the  depressed  border  arched  ante- 
riorly ;  head,  legs,  aud  the  2nd  and  following 
abdominal  segments  jet-black,  with  black 
pubescence  ;  the  thorax  and  basal  abdominal 
segment  densely  clothed  with  fulvous-red 
pubescence;  wings  hyaline,  broadly  fuscescent 
aloug  their  apical  margins  and  yellowish  at 
base ;  pollen-brush  black. 

d  similar ;  abdomen  narrower  :  head  com- 
paratively larger,  the  apical  abdominal  seg- 

•Fig.  160.  "^e^  • 

Megackile  monticola,         -ttao.   bylhet ;  Assam  ;  Burma  ;  Tenas- 

$,   {•.            serun;  North  China.     5.  Length  26-27; 

exp.  44  mm.    J  .  Length  23-25  ;  44  mm. 

846.  Megachile  hadia,  Binffh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  v,  1890,  p.  248,  $ 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured  ; 
head  about  as  wide  as  the  thorax;  clypeus  broader  than  long' 
with  a  T-shaped  carina  on  its  disc  ;  mandibles  broad,  delicately 
longitudinally  striate  ;  abdomen  with  the  base  of  the  2nd  and  3rd 
segments  slightly  constricted.  Black  ;  face  up  to  the  anterior 
ocellus  clothed  with  black  pubescence ;  thorax  with  brownish-black, 
soft,  rather  long  hair  on  the  sides  and  on  the  median  segment  • 
legs  black,  claws  of  the  tarsi  and  tibial  calcaria  castaneous;  abdomen 
covered  rather  sparingly  with  black  pubescence,  the  basal  two 
segments  with  narrow  submarginal  bands  of  fulvous-red  pubes- 
cence above  ;  pollen-brush  black ;  wings  f ulvo-hyaline,  with  a 
broad  subfuscous  margin. 

d  similar;  the  clypeus  covered  with  dense  white,  the  face 
between  and  below  the  bases  of  the  antenna  with  smoky-white 
pubescence ;  the  pubescence  on  the  thorax  brownish  black,  with  a 
tinge  of  pale  fulvous  ;  the  base  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  abdominal  seg- 
ments more  deeply  constricted,  the  anal  segment  not  incised  at 
apex,  but  denticulate ;  wings  somewhat  lighter  in  colour  than  in 
the  female  *. 

Sab.  Pegu  Hills,  Burma ;  Tenasserim.  5 .  Length  17-20  • 
exp.  29-33  mm.     d  .  Length  16  ;  exj).  32  mm. 

847.  Megachile  bhavanse,  n.  sp. 

$ .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  pubescent,  and  finely 
and  closely  punctured  under  the  pubescence;  clypeus  slightly 
convex,  subtnangular,  the  anterior  margin  slightly  arched,  nearly 
transverse  ;  abdomen  above  depressed,  somewhat  flat.  Black  with 
black  pubescence;  the  thorax  and  basal  two  abdominal  segments 
with  rich  fulvous  pubescence,  turning  paler  on  the  median  segment ; 

*;Bado8zkow8ky  (Wiadom.  z  nauk  Przyrod.  pt.  ii  (1882)  p  79)  has  a 
M.  hchtensteini,  from  Sikhira,  which  may  be  identical  with  the  above  in  which 
case  his  name  would  have  priority ;  but  I  have  failed  to  identify  his  species 

TOL.I.  2  I 


482 


legs  black,  with  black  pubescence,  no  fulvous  pubescence  on  tbe 
inside  of  the  tarsi ;  the  pollen-brush  black,  with  the  middle  pale 
fulvous ;  wings  flavo-hyaline,  broadly  fuscous  aloug  their  apical 
margins. 

Hah.  Eangit  Valley,  Sikhim.    ?  .  Lenijth  20  ;  exp.  38  mm. 

848.  Megachile  dimidiata,  Smith,  Cat.  \,  p.  174,  $ . 

9  Clypeus  and  front  beneath  the  ocelli  strongly  and  closely 
punctured  ;  clypeus  wedge-shaped,  very  slightly  convex,  its  anterior 
margin  arched,  a  prominent  fine  vertical  carina  from  the  middle  ot  its 
base  reaching  nearly  but  not  quite  up  to  its  anterior  margin.  Black, 
the  clypeus  and  the  space  below  the  anterior  ocellus  nearly  bare, 
remainder  of  the  head  and  thorax  and  the  basal  segment  of  the 
abdomen  densely  covered  with  rich  fulvous  pubescence;  the 
antenuEe  and  legs  pale  fulvous  ;  2nd  and  following  segments  of 
the  abdomen  covei-ed  with  short  black  pubescence  above ;  the 
pollen-brush  black  ;  in  the  majority  of  specimens  the  2nd  abdominal 
segment  is  also  thinly  covered  with  fulvous  pubescence  ;  wiugs 
fulvo-hyaline,  broadly  fuscescent  along  their  apical  margins. 

<S  similar,  destitute  of  course  of  the  poHen-brush,  apex  ot  anal 
abdominal  segment  bidentate.  •      r>    r  <7. 

Hah.  India  {Smitli) ;  Pegu  Hills,  Burma ;  Tenassenm.  2  .  Length 

13-14  ;  exp.  28-30  mm. 

849.  MegacMle  velutina,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  180,  2 . 

9  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  M.  dimidiata :  differs  in 
having  the  clypeus  more  convex,  shorter,  posteriorly  transverse, 
anteriorly  less  arched  ;  the  pubescence  is  a  richer  darker  fulvous, 
and  on  the  abdomen  is  invariably  dense  and  thick  on  the  basal  two 
segments,  the  black  pubescence  on  the  remaining  segments  above 
s  'also  mm-e  dense  ;  the  pollen-brush  is  fulvous  along  the  middk, 
with  the  margins  broadly  black;  and  the  antennse  and  legs  are  black 
^t  fulvous  rid,  the  latter  covered  with  a  thm  fulvous  pubescence, 
c?  similar,  with  paler  pubescence.  ,7.  ttir. 

ITab  Northern  India  {SmitlA  ;  Tenassenm.    2  .  Length  1/-18  , 
eoop  31-33  mm.    S  .  Length  14  ;  exp.  27  mm. 

850.  Megachile  ceylonica,  Bingh.  P.  Z.  S.  1896,  p.  453,  S ,  V^-  ^■ 
9    Qosely  allied  to  and  resembling  M.  lanata  :  differs  in  shape 

of  L  clypeus,  which  is  shorter,  broader,  more  strongly  convex 
ami  distiSy  emarginate  anterioriy,  and  in  the  abdomen  bemg 
'iismic  Y  strongly  convex  above.    Black;  the 

Tut  S^e  tS  antenZ'the  tho'rax,  and  basal  three  abdominal 
frments  above  covered  with  short  dense  fulvous-red  pubescence; 
Shfclvpeiis  vertex  of  the  head,  the  cheeks,  and  the  legs  with  more 
smrse^d 'sSer  pile  of  the  same  colour;  the  sides  0  abdominal 
Sments  4^6  and  Ihe  5th  and  6th  segments  above  ^^o  co^^f 
wfth  moderately  long  black  pubescence;  pollen-brush  thin  and  of 


MBGACHTLB. 


483 


a  pale  fulvoiis-recl  colour;  wings  flavo-hyaline,  with  a  broad 
fuscous  apical  border. 

cJ  similar,  but  the  head  larger  and  broader  proportionately  ;  the 
pubescence  not  so  dense ;  it  is  white  on  the  clypeus,  face,  thorax 
beneath,  and  legs,  olivaceous  on  the  thorax  above  and  the  margins 
of  segments  1-4  above ;  wings  darker  than  in  the  female. 

Hab.  Ceylon  ;  Tenasserim.  $  .  Length  12-13;  exp.  22-23  mm. 
S.  Length  11 ;  exp.  18  mm. 

851.  MegacMle  lanata. 

Apis  lanata,  Fabr.  Ent.  Si/st.  ii,  p.  335. 

Megachile  lanata,  Lepel.  Hym.  ii,  p.  342 :  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  177. 
Megachile  proxima,  Smith,  Trans.  Zod.  Soc.  vii,  p.  192,  $  d  • 

2 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured 
and  pubescent ;  the  clypeus  sublunate  in  shape,  anteriorly  trans- 
verse. Black ;  the  head,  except  the  clypeus  broadly  in  the 
middle,  the  thorax,  and  basal  two  abdominal  segments  above 
covered  with  dense,  and  the  legs  with  thin  fulvous-red  pubescence ; 
the  apical  margins  of  segments  3-5  above  with  narrow  transverse 
fasciae  of  white  pubescence ;  pollen-brush  white ;  antennse  and  legs 
nigro-piceous ;  wings  flavo-hyaline,  the  apical  margin  broadly 
fuscescent. 

Var.  The  fulvous-red  pubescence  extending  thinly  on  to  the 
3rd  and  4th  abdominal  segments,  and  only  the  5th  segment  with 
a  white  fascia,  or  with  the  fascia  on  the  3rd  segment  red  in  the 
middle,  white  laterally,  the  apical  segment  with  white  pubescence 
on  both  sides. 

cJ  similar,  smaller,  the  pubescence  on  the  clypeus  and  front 
paler,  more  golden  in  tint. 

ffab.  Throughout  India,  Burma,  Tenasserim,  and  Ceylon. 
2 .  Length  14-15 ;  exp.  26-28  mm.  <S .  Length  12-13 ;  exp. 
22  mm. 

852.  MegacMle  umbripennis.   (PI.  Ill,  fig.  12.) 

Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  175,  $ . 

2 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  punctured  and  pubes- 
cent ;  the  disc  of  the  clypeus,  the  vertex  except  round  the  ocelli, 
and  the  apical  two-thirds  of  the  2nd  and  following  abdominal 
segments  bare ;  clypeus  convex,  transverse  anteriorly ;  the  margins 
of  abdominal  segments  1-5  narrowly  depressed.  Black;  front, 
thorax,  basal  abdominal  segment,  and  the  base  narrowly  of  the 
2nd  with  dense  fulvous  pubescence ;  the  3rd  segment  with  a 
narrow  fringe  of  the  same  generally  much  obliterated,  4th  and  5th 
segments  with  a  narrow  white  lateral  fascia  ;  legs  with  black,  the 
tarsi  beneath  of  the  posterior  legs  with  fulvous  pubescence ;  pollen- 
brush  white  with  the  apical  portion  black ;  wings  hyahne  at  base, 
fuscous  for  the  apical  four-fifths  of  their  length. 

Hab.  Nepal ;  Sikhim ;  Tenasserim.    2  •  Length  13 ;  exp.  27  mm. 

2i  2 


484 


APIDJE. 


853.  Megachile  amputata,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  46,  J . 

?  Megacliile  fulvo-fasciata,  Radoszk.  Wiadom.  s  nauk  Przyrod.  pt.  ii 
(1882),  p.  81. 

$  .  Head  (the  clypeus  excepted),  thorax,  and  basal  two  seg- 
ments of  the  abdomen  densely  pubescent;  the  clypeus  closely 
and  finely  punctured,  with  a  medial  vertical  smooth  space,  its 
anterior  imai^in  transverse,  roimdly  and  narrowly  emarginate  in 
the  middle,  the  sides  of  the  emargination  produced  into  short 
teeth  ;  the  apical  four  segments  of  the  abdomen  closely  and  veiy 
minutely  punctured,  their  bases  narrowly  smooth  and  constricted. 
Black ;  the  sides  of  the  face,  the  front  and  vertex  of  the  head,  the 
thorax,  the  basal  two  abdominal  segments,  and  transverse  narrow 
fascia3  on  segments  3-5  with  fulvous-red  pubescence ;  the  fasciae 
on  the  5th  very  often  absent;  the  bases  of  segments  3-5  and 
the  whole  of  the  6th  covered  with  thin  black  pubescence;  antennae 
beneath  and  legs  rufo-testaceous,  the  latter  clothed  with  a  thin 
fulvous-red  pubescence  and  having  the  posterior  tarsi  generally 
black  or  rufo-fuscous  ;  pollen-brush  pale  fulvous,  on  the  apical 
two  segments  black  ;  wings  fusco-  often  flavo-hyaline. 

Hah.  Sikbim  ;  Tenasserim  ;  Borneo.  $  .  Length  15-17 ;  exp. 
26-30  mm. 

854.  Megachile  penetrata,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Rym.  B.  M.  p.  67,  $ . 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  regularly  punctured, 
the  vertex  of  the  head,  the  mesonotam,  and  scutellum  bare; 
clypeus  slightly  convex,  subtriangular,  its  anterior  margin  lightly 
emai-ginate  in  the  middle;  abdomen  with  the  bases  of  segments 
2-5  lightly  but  distinctly  constricted.  Black ;  the  clypeus,  front, 
cheeks,  sides  of  the  thorax,  the  sides  and  apex  of  the  median 
segment,  the  legs,  base  of  the  abdomen,  and  transverse  bauds  on 
segments  1-5  covered  with  pale  fulvous  pubescence ;  pollen-brush 
bright  fulvous,  the  pubescence  on  the  cheeks  slightly  hoary  white ; 
wings  light  flavo-hyaline. 

Hah.  Dehra  Dun.    ?  .  Length  17 ;  exp.  32  mm. 

855.  Megachile  buddhSB,  Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  423. 
Megachile  rufipes,  Smith  (nec  Fabr.),  Cat.  i,  p.  177,  S  ■* 

S .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  and  very  finely  punc- 
tured and  pubescent;  the  head  wider  than  the  thorax,  large, 
subquadrate,  emarginate  posteriorly  ;  eyes  with  their  inner  orbits 
parallel ;  the  apical  margins  of  abdominal  segments  1-4  depressed 

*  The  following  species,  unknowu  to  me,  is  given  by  Smith  (Cat.  i,  p.  177) 
as  from  India  with  a  query. 

"  Megachile  mzYaM.r.— Length  8  hnea.  The  face,  vertex,  and  raetatborax 
clothed  with  fulvous  pubescence,  a  fringe  of  the  same  colour  on  the  anierior 
femora  beneath,  that  on  the  cheeks  is  paler  ;  the  thorax  beneath,  its  sides,  and 
also  the  metathorax  and  legs  black ;  the  abdomen  entirely  black,  pubescent 
above,  very  densely  so  beneath. 

•■  Hab.  India  ?  (coll.  W.  H.  L.  Walcott,  Esq.)." 


MBGACHILH. 


485 


and  slightly  constricted.  Black ;  the  femora,  tibiae,  and  tarsi  ol: 
the  legs,  and  the  apical  margins  of  the  abdominal  segments  narrowly 
testaceous  red  ;  the  clypeus,  vertex  of  the  head,  and  bases  of  seg- 
ments 1-5  of  the  abdomen  broadly  bare,  without  pubescence ;  the 
clypeus  anteriorly  and  at  base,  the  sides  of  the  face  in  front,  the 
sides  of  the  thorax  and  median  segment,  and  the  femora  beneath 
with  long  sordid  white  pubescence ;  the  front  below  the  ocelli,  the 
thorax  above,  and  the  margins  of  the  abdominal  segments  with 
fulvous  pubescence ;  wings  flavo-hyaline,  their  apical  margins 
broadly  fuscescent. 

Hab.  The  type  and  only  specimen  in  the  British  Museum  is 
labelled  India.    S  .  Leyigth      ;  exjp.  22  mm. 

This  is  probably  the  male  of  M.  penetrata. 

*856.  Megachile  vestita,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  176,  $  ;  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x, 
p.  452. 

"  $ .  Length  6  lines  (=about  13-14  mm.).  Black,  the  face 
densely  covered  with  bright  yellow  pubescence ;  the  mandibles 
short,  stout,  longitudinally  grooved,  and  armed  with  three  blunt 
teeth,  pubescent  at  their  base  and  ciliated  with  bright  yellow  hairs ; 
the  cheeks  thickly  covered  with  pale  ochraceous  pubescence.  Thorax 
— the  disc  thinly  covered  with  bright  yellow  pubescence,  densely 
so  on  the  sides,  beneath  it  is  cinereous ;  the  legs  densely  covered 
with  pale  yellow  pubescence,  on  the  tarsi  beneath  it  is  fulvous, 
the  calcaria  testaceous,  claws  ferruginous,  their  tips  black ;  wings 
subhyaline.  Abdomen  short,  broad,  and  pointed  at  the  apex,  the 
base,  sides,  and  margins  of  the  segments  have  a  pale  yellow 
pubescence ;  beneath  the  pollen-brush  is  pale  yellow  in  the  middle 
and  bright  fulvous  at  the  sides. 

"  Bab.  India  (coll.  J.  S.  Baly,  Esq.)." 

857.  Megachile  cephalotes,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  179,  2  c?  • 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  rather  coarsely  punctured,  the  punctui-es 
on  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum  running  into  transverse  striae  in 
certain  Ughts ;  the  base  of  abdominal  segments  1-5  smooth,  the 
margins  depressed,  the  depressions  arched  anteriorly  in  the  middle 
and  closely  punctured ;  head  subquadrate,  broad,  broader  than  the 
thorax,  the  front  between  the  antenna  convex  ;  the  clypeus  short, 
subtriangular,  depressed  inwai-ds,  its  anterior  margin  broadly  but 
slightly  emarginate,  almost  transverse ;  mandibles  long,  narrow, 
and  curved.  Black,  the  abdomen  with  a  metallic  tint ;  a  fringe 
along  the  apical  margin  of  the  clypeus,  the  face  on  both  sides, 
the  sides  of  the  thorax  and  median  segment,  the  legs,  a  square 
patch  on  each  side  at  the  base  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment, 
a  transverse  narrow  fascia  at  the  base  of  the  2nd  and  3rd 
segments  above,  and  an  abbreviated  line  on  each  side  at  the  base 
of  the  4th  and  5th  segments,  of  snow-white  pubescence ;  the  pollen- 
brush  white. 


480 


apid;e. 


cJ  similar,  smaller ;  the  coxce  armed  with  short  teeth  ;  the  apical 
abdomiual  segment  notched  in  the  middle. 

Hub.  Dehra  Dun;  Ahmedabad  {Miss  A.  Broolc).  $.  Length 
11-14 ;  exp.  20-26  mm.    6  .  Length  9 ;  exj}.  19  mm. 

858.  Megachile  faceta,  n.  sp. 

$  .  Head  behind  the  ocelli,  the  cheeks,  and  thorax  above 
densely  and  somewhat  coarsely,  and  the  ab- 
domen more  sparsely  and  finely  punctured ; 
the  punctures  on  the  head  and  thorax  showing 
a  tendency  to  run  into  longitudinal  striae ; 
clypeus  subtriangnlar,  flat,  its  anterior  margin 
transverse,  -waved  ;  abdomen  with  broad, 
smooth,  transverse  depressed  bands  on  the 
segments.  Jet-black;  the  clypeus  with  short 
and  thin,  the  front  as  high  as  the  ocelli,  and 
Fig.Wl.—Mfgachile  the  sides  of  the  prouotum  with  dense  and 
faceia,2-  I-  rather  long  fulvous  pubescence;  the  outer 
half  of  the  tegulse  ferruginous;  the  median 
segment  posteriorly,  an  abbreviated  line  on  each  side  at  the 
base  of  abdominal  segments  2-5,  and  a  transverse  narrow  line 
at  the  base  of  the  6th  segment  clothed  with  snow-white  pubes- 
cence ;  pollen-brush  white ;  wings  hyaline  at  base,  dark  fuscous, 
having  a  purple  effulgence  from  beyond  the  basal  nervure. 

Hab.  Burma;  Tenasserim.  $.  Length  12-14;  e.rp.  22-23 mm. 
Type  in  the  British  Museum. 

859.  Megachile  griseopicta,  Hadoszh.  Wiadom.  z  nauk  Frzyrod.  pt.  ii 

(1682),  p.  80,  §  ;  JDall.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  432. 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  finely  punctured,  shining  ;  clypeus  conxex, 
triangular,  its  anterior  margin  arched.  Black  ;  the  front  of  the 
head,  a  broad  line  on  the  occiput,  and  the  sides  of  the  pro-  and 
mesonotum  with  fulvous  pubescence ;  the  median  segment  pos- 
teriorly, a  spot  at  the  base  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment,  abbre- 
viated narrow  fasciae  on  each  side  at  the  base  of  the  2nd,  3rd,  4th, 
and  5th,  and  an  entire  fascia  across  the  base  of  the  6th  segment 
covered  with  white  pubescence ;  wings  hyahne  at  base,  fuscous, 
■with  a  purple  effulgence  towards  apex. 

Var.  The  fasciaj  at  the  base  of  abdominal  segments  2-6  wanting. 

Hab.  Sikhim  {liadoszlcoivski) ;  Tenasserim.  ?  .  Length  12-14  ; 
ea?».  24-28  mm.  j  .i.- 

I  am  not  quite  certain  whether  I  have  rightly  identified  this 

species. 

860.  Megachile  pulchripes,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  sli,  1897. 
Q    Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  coarsely  puuctui-ed, 

the  face  in  front  on  both  sides  of  the  antennae,  the  sides  of  the 
thorax  and  median  segment  with  short  pubescence;  clypeus 
transverse  anteriorly,  almost  emarginate,  subporrect ;  a  narrow 


MBGAOniliB.  487 


medial  carina  up  to  the  base  of  the  autenuffi,  almost  meeting  a 
vertical  short  broad  furrow  running  down  trom  the  anterior 
ocellus ;  scutellum  large,  prominent,  overhanging  the  median 
secrment,  and  with  an  obtuse  tooth  on  the  posterior  lateral  angles. 
Black ;  the  anterior  femora  above  and  in  front,  the  intermediate 
femora,  and  the  posterior  femora  and  tibia)  testaceous  yellow  ;  the 
pubescence  on  the  head  aud  thorax  and  narrow  transverse  apical 
pubescent  bands  on  abdominal  segments  1-5  white  ;  pollen-brush 
snow-white  ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulse  testaceous. 

d  similar,  smaller  ;  the  tibiaj  and  tarsi  of  all  the  legs  testaceous 
yellow ;  the  basal  four  joints  of  the  anterior  tarsi  liattened  and 

iobed  exteriorly.  .         ^     r     ^7  r> 

Eab.  Mussooree;  Pegu  Hills;  Tenasserim.     $.  Lengtli  b; 
exp.  V2,  mm.     6  ■  Length  5  ;  ex£.  11  mm. 

861.  Megachile  nana,  n.  sp. 

$.  Closely  allied  to  if.  pulcliripes,  and  resembling  it,  but 
there  is  no  anteunal  carina  nor  groove  on  the  front;  the 
scutellum  is  not  prominent  nor  does  it  overhang  the  median 
seo-ment,  and  the  latter  is  rounded  posteriorly;  head  orbicular, 
inner  orbits  slightly  but  distinctly  convergent  below;  the  face 
iust  above  the  base  of  the  clvpeus  has  a  rounded  transverse  broad 
projection  ;  the  2nd,  3rd,  and  4th  abdominal  segments  have  a 
marlied  transverse  groove  near  the  base  above.  Black ;  the  clypeus, 
sides  of  the  face,  the  cheeks,  sides  of  the  thorax,  the  median 
segment,  and  transverse  apical  moderately  broad  fasciffi  on  abdo- 
minal segments  1-5  covered  with  snow-white  pubescence;  the 
fascia  on  the  basal  segment  the  narrowest,  broadening  laterally 
into  a  square  patch  of  dense  white  pubescence;  pollen-brush 
white ;  legs  black  with  sparse  white  pubescence,  fulvous  on  the 
inside  of  the  posterior  tarsi ;  wings  hyaUne  and  iridescent. 

c?  similar,  with  a  comparatively  larger  and  broader  head,  covered 
with  slightly  fulvous  pubescence  in  front ;  anterior  coxae  dentate 
beneath ;  only  the  2nd  and  3rd  abdominal  segments  with  a  trans- 
verse groove  above ;  anal  segment  incised  at  apex  and  covered  with 
dense  snow-white  pUe. 

Hab.  Tenasserim.  5  .  Length  7-8  ;  exp.  15  mm.  S  .  Length 
6*5 ;  exp.  14  mm. 

862.  llegacliile  albifrons,  Smith,  Cat.  i,  p.  180,  $  6  ;  -Da/^.  Torr.  Cat. 

X,  p.  418. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  in  front  densely  and  closely,  scutellum 
more  coarsely,  and  abdomen  somewhat  sparsely  and  finely  punc- 
tured; clypeus  slightly  convex,  anteriorly  rounded  and  hidden 
imder  thick  pubescence;  head  large,  slightly  wider  than  the 
thorax ;  abdomen  somewhat  elongate,  not  cordate,  the  sides 
parallel,  the  apex  broadly  rounded,  not  acute,  the  margins  of 
segments  2-4  above  depressed.  Black ;  the  clypeus  and  front, 
the  pronotum,  sides  of  the  thorax,  sides  of  the  median  segment,  a 


488 


APIDiE. 


broad  lateral  patch  on  the  basal  abdominal  segment,  and  transverse 
lascias  on  the  apical  margins  of  segments  2-4  clothed  with  dense 
wbite  pubescence  ;  the  fasciaj  on  the  abdomen  spreading  from  the 
margin  of  one  segment  narrowly  on  to  the  base  of  the  succeeding 
segment ;  legs  with  fuscous  black  mixed  with  hoary  pubescence, 
fulvous  on  the  inside  of  the  posterior  tarsi ;  wings  subhyaline, 
fuscous  towards  the  apex. 

6  similar,  smaller,  with  a  white  pubescent  band  also  on  the 
5tb  segment  of  the  abdomen. 

Hah.  North- West  Provinces  ;  Bombay.  $  .  Length  16 ;  exp. 
30  mm.     cJ  •  Length  11-12 ;  exp.  22-23  mm. 

863.  MegacMle  femorata,  S7mth,  Nmv  Sp.  Bym.  B.  M.  p.  68,  $  j . 

2 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured 
and  pubescent,  the  front  and  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  the  legs 
densely  so;  clypeus  slightly  convex  with  a  medial  smooth  longi- 
tudinal line,  its  anterior  margin  slightly  arched,  hidden  by  the 
dense  pubescence ;  abdomen  short,  cordate.  Black,  the  clypeus 
and  cheeks  with  white  pubescence ;  on  the  front  of  the  bead,  the 
thorax,  tibife  and  tarsi  of  the  legs,  and  abdomen  the  pubescence  is 
pale  yellowish  wbite,  forming  transverse  bands  on  the  apical 
margins  of  abdominal  segments  1-5  above ;  legs  with  the  anterior 
femora  beneath  and  the  intermediate  and  posterior  femora 
brownish  yellow  ;  wings  hyaline,  sub-fuscescent  along  their  apical 
margins. 

d  similar,  smaller,  with  the  legs  in  some  specimens  entirely 
brownish  yellow,  in  others  only  the  femora,  as  in  the  female,  of 
that  colour ;  anal  abdominal  segment  incised  at  apex,  with  several 
teeth  along  the  margin. 

Hah.  Bombay ;  Ahmedabad ;  Allahabad  ;  Barrackpore.  $  . 
Length  8-9;  exp.  16-19  mm.     cJ.  Length  7 ;  exp.  15  mm. 

864.  MegacMle  vigilans,  Smith,  2«<?  Yca-k.  Miss.,  Hym.  p.  5,  $ . 

?  Megachile  albolineata,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

5  .  Head  a  little  coarsely,  thorax  and  abdomen  very  finely  and 
closely  punctured;  head  about  as  wide  as  the  thorax;  eyes  sbghtly 
convergent  below ;  clypeus  transverse,  convex,  anteriorly  widely 
emarginate  ;  2nd,  3rd,  and  4th  abdominal  segments  with  a  medial 
narrow  but  deep  transverse  groove  above.  Black,  the  inter- 
mediate and  posterior  femora  dull  orange-yellow  ;  the  sides  of  the 
face,  the  pronotum  and  sides  of  the  thorax,  and  narrow  transverse 
fascisB  on  the  apical  margins  of  abdominal  segments  1-5  -n-ith 
snow-white  pubescence,  the  fasciae  on  the  abdomen  not  following 
the  margins  of  the  segments  in  the  middle  but  leaving  a  narrow 
border  bare  ;  pollen-brush  white ;  the  posterior  tarsi  on  the  inside 
with  fulvous  pubescence ;  wings  hyaline,  slightly  fuscescent 
towards  the  apex. 

d  similar,  the  head  proportionately  broader  and  more  square ; 


MEGACHILE. 


489 


the  legs  entirely  black  ;  the  pubescence  on  the  clypeiis  and  face 
dense  and  slightly  fulvous. 

Hah.  Ladak  ;  Sikhim  ;  Ceylon  ;  Tenasserim.  5  6  .  Length  9-11 ; 
exp.  18-19  mm. 

865.  Megacliile  hera,  n.  sp. 

5  .  Head,  thoi'ax,  and  abdomen  minutely  and  very  closely  punc- 
tured ;  head  broader  than  the  thorax,  flat,  the  cheeks  uot  much 
developed  ;  elypeus  very  slightly  convex,  rounded  anteriorly,  and 
with  a  small  tubercle  above  its  base  ;  abdomen  cordiform.  Black  ; 
the  sides  of  the  elypeus,  the  front  above  the  antennae,  the  sides  of 
the  thorax  and  the  median  segment  with  long  soft  white  pubes- 
cence; the  legs  covered  with  short  sparsely-set  glittering  white 
hairs  ;  the  base  of  the  abdomen  with  long  white  pubescence,  and 
the  apical  margins  of  segments  1-5  with  a  short  white  fringe  of 
the  same ;  pollen-brush  white  at  base,  fulvous  on  the  apical  four 
segments ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  and  tegulse 
testaceous  brown. 

JIab.  Tenasserim.     d .  Length  9  ;  exj).  16  mm. 

This  pretty  little  species  has  somewhat  the  facies  of  a  Lithurgus, 
but  the  mandibles  are  flat  and  quadridentate,  and  the  abdomen 
shorter  than  in  the  species  of  that  genus. 

866.  Megacliile  chlorigaster,  Ca?«.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc  xli, 

1897. 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  rather  finely  pimc- 
tured  and  pubescent .:  elypeus  nearly  circular,  strongly  convex ; 
pronotum  with  its  posterior  margin  transversely  grooved,  smooth 
and  shining ;  the  scuteUum  large,  boldly  arched  posteriorly ; 
median  segment  rounded  at  the  sides,  truncate  at  apex,  the  face 
of  the  truncation  smooth,  its  upper  margin,  with  the  sides  of  the 
segment  also  above,  coarsely  rugose ;  abdomen  with  a  subapical 
transverse  groove  along  the  margin  of  the  2nd  segment  above. 
Black,  the  pubescence  snow-white  ;  the  pollen-brush  dense  and 
fvilvous  golden ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures  dark  brown ;  tegulae 
black. 

Hah.  Mussooree.  $ .  Length  7 ;  ex^p.  15  mm.  Type  in  coll. 
Eothney. 

867.  MegacMle  tricincta,  n.  sp. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured  ; 
head  large,  transverse,  as  wide  as  the  thorax,  eyes  convergent 
below ;  elypeus  convex,  arched  anteriorly ;  abdomen  cordiform, 
depressed  above,  2nd  and  3rd  segments  with  a  transverse  furrow 
above.  Black  ;  the  elypeus  and  front,  sides  of  the  thorax  and  of 
the  median  segment  with  tufted  white,  the  sides  of  the  scuteUum 
with  fuscous  pubescence  ;  the  tarsi  of  the  legs  and  a  fine  narrow 


490 


apid;e. 


fringe  on  the  3rd,  4th,  and  5th  abdominal  segments  above  with 
glittering  ferruginous  golden  hairs  ;  pollen-brush  golden  yellow  ; 
wings  hyahne,  fuscescent  along  their  apical  margins. 
Hah.  "Tenasserim.     $  .  Length  9-10  ;  eap,  17  mm. 

868.  Megachile  moelleri,  n.  sp. 

5 .  Head  and  thorax  densely  and  coarsely  punctured,  the 
punctures  on  the  mesonotum  and  scutelhim  running  into  irregular 
waved,  coarse,  transverse  striae ;  clypeus  subtriangular,  coarsely 
reticulate,  anteriorly  transverse  in  the  middle,  oblique  at  the  sides, 
the  margin  slightly  recurved,  the  disc  with  a  T-shaped  carina ; 
mesonotum  raised,  flat ;  a  deep  obliquely  diverging  smooth  groove 
above  the  tegulse  on  each  side ;  the  tegulas  and  the  median  seg- 
ment posteriorly  smooth  ;  abdomen  with  deep  transverse  grooves 
at  the  base  of  segments  2-5  above ;  basal  segment  very  finely  and 
closely  punctured;  segments  2-5  with  their  margins  broadly 
depressed,  densely  and  more  coarsely  punctured;  the  narrow 
basal  portion  between  the  groove  and  the  depression  on  the  4th 
and  5th  segments  smooth  ;  apical  margin  of  the  5th  and  the  whole 
of  the  6th  segment  above  densely  pubescent.  Black,  a  little 
fuscous  pubescence  between  the  antennaj  and  on  the  sides 
posteriorly  of  the  median  segment ;  the  apical  margin  of  the  5th 
and  the  whole  of  the  6th  segment  above  with  dense  short  clay- 
coloured  pubescence;  pollen-brush  ferruginous  red ;  wings  hyahne, 
slightly  fuscescent.  r 

Hai  Eangit  Valley,  Sikhim,  1000  fc.     ?  .  Length  14-15  ;  exp. 

24  mm. 

869.  Megachile  steloides,  Bmgh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  x,  1896, 

p.  198,  pi.  i,fig.  5,  ?. 

2  Head  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured,  the 
margins  of  the  segments  of  the  latter  narrowly  smooth  and 
shining:  thorax  more  densely  and  less  finely  punctured  and 
having  a  granular  appearance;  clypeus  anteriorly  very  shghtly 
bisinuate,  bluntly  carmate  down  the  middle;  thorax  with  the 
scutellum  strongly  projecting  backwards,  the  margin  notched, 
overhaneiog  the  metathorax  and  median  segment;  abdomen  broad, 
subcordate.  Black  and  shining,  the  tibiffi  and  tarsi  of  the  legs  and 
the  apical  two  abdominal  segments  bright  testaceous  brown; 
pollen-brush  testaceous  yellow,  with  agoldeu  tint  mcertam  hghts  ; 
wings  hyaline,  darkening  to  light  fuscous  along  the  apical  margius. 

Bab.  Kangit  Valley,  Sikhim.  ?  .  Length  13-14 ;  exp.  2b- 
30  mm. 

Genus  ANTHIDIUM. 
Anthidium,  Fabr.  Sijst.  Piez.  p.  364  (1804). 
Type,  A.  manicatum,  Eabr. 
Banqe.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  nearly  as  wide  as  the  thorax ;  ocelh  in  a  triangle  on  the 


ANTHIDIUM. 


491 


vertex  -  antenna)  filiform,  the  scape  subclavate,  the  basal  joint  of 
the  flasellum  subglobose  ;  labial  palpi  4-jointed,  the  2nd  joint 
lon<rer  than  the  1st,  the  3rd  and  4th  minute  and  articulated  below 
the°apex  of  the  2nd  joint,  both  apical  joints  subclavate ;  maxillary 
palpi  2-joiated,  basal  joint  short,  cup-shaped.  Thorax  subglobose  ; 
seutellum  produced  back,  overhanging  the  median  segment,  lunate, 
sometimes  wedge-shaped  with  the  posterior  margin  transverse; 
leo-s  stout,  the  posterior  tibia?  and  tarsi  sometimes  dilated ;  wings 
moderately  broad  and  ample,  the  radial  cell  in  the  fore  wing  long 
and  narrow,  the  apex  somewhat  rounded,  not  closely  approximate 


Vig.  162— Aiitkidium.    1,  labium  ;     "Fig.  IGS.—Anthiditm  laiipes,  2  ■  t- 
2,  maxilla.    (Much  enlarged.) 

to  the  costal  margin ;  two  cubital  cells,  the  2nd  receiving  the  1st 
recurrent  uervure  near  the  base,  the  2nd  recurrent  nervure  inter- 
stitial with  the  2nd  transverse  cubital  nervure,  or  sometimes 
received  beyond  the  apex  of  the  2nd  cubital  cell.  Abdomen  oblong, 
sometimes  conical,  the  base  truncate,  the  apex  broadly  rounded 
(  $  )  and  furnished  with  a  dense  pollen-brush,  in  the  male  emar- 
ginate,  dentate,  and  spined.  The  male,  contrary  to  the  general 
rule  in  hymenopterous  insects,  nearly  always  larger  than  the 
female. 


Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Seutellum  broad  wedge-shaped,  posterior  mar- 

gin transverse. 

a.  Black,  with  white  puhescent  spots  on  abdo-  [p.  492. 

minal  segments   A.  lachrymosum, 

b.  Black,  with  yellow  non-pubescent  spots  on  [p.  492. 

abdominal  segments   A.Jlavomaculatum, 

B.  Seutellum  lunate,  posterior  margin  rounded.  [p.  493. 
o.  Colours  ferruginous  and  yeUow   A.pulchellum, 


492 


b.  Colours  black  and  yellow. 

a'.  Abdomeu  with  a  series  of  four  yellow 
spots  placed  transversely  across  the  seg- 
ments. 

a^.  Basal  and  apical  segments  with  only 

two  yellow  spots    A.  imitator,  p.  493. 

b'^.  Basal  segment  with  four  yellow  spots. 
a^.  Apical  segment  with  two  yeUow 

spots   A.  ardens,  p.  494. 

P.  Apical  segment  immaculate   A.ordi?iatum,T^.  4M. 

b' ,  Abdomen  with  transverse  yellow  fasciie, 
more  or  less  medially  interrupted,  or 
elongate  lateral  yellow  spots. 
a^.  Posterior  tibito  and  tarsi  broadly  di- 
lated   A.  latipes,  p.  495. 

6°.  Posterior  tibias  and  tarsi  not  dilated. 

a'.  Head  and  thorax  immaculate   A.  fraternutn,  p.  495. 

b".  Head  and  thorax  variegated  with 
yellow. 

«*.  Basal  two  abdominal  segments 
vnth  widely  interrupted  broad 
transverse  yellow  fasciae  ;  re- 
maining   segments   with  broad 

lateral  yellow  spots   A.  orientale,  p.  495. 

6'.  All  the  abdominal  segments  with 
more  or  less  narrowly  interrupted 
narnno  transverse  yellow  fasciae . .    A.  rasorium,  p.  496. 


870.  Anthidium  lachrymosum,  Smith,  New  iSp.  Hxjm.  B.  M.  p.  87, 

$  cJ ;  -DaZ/.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  463. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  closely,  coarsely,  and  strongly,  the  base 
of  the  abdominal  segments  broadly,  more  finely,  and  hghtly 
punctured ;  clypens  very  slightly  convex,  transverse  anteriorly  ; 
scutellum  very  broad,  somewhat  wedge-shaped,  its  posterior  margin 
transverse ;  abdomen  broadly  conical.  Black  ;  the  sides  of  the 
face,  the  cheeks,  a  spot  on  the  mesonotum  anteriorly,  a  patch 
under  the  wings,  and  lateral  spots  on  abdominal  segments  1-5 
covered  with  dense,  the  legs  with  a  thin  white  pubescence ;  fore 
■wing  dark  fuscous,  with  a  hyaUne  spot  beyond  the  2nd  discoidal 
cell ;  hind  wing  hyaUne. 

cJ  very  similar  ;  abdominal  segments  3-5  with  lateral  teeth,  the 
6th  segment  with  three  apical  teeth. 

Hob.  Malabar;  Bombay;  Tenasserim.  $  S-  Length  5-8; 
exp.  14-17  mm. 

871.  Anthidium  flavomaculatum.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc. 

xli,  1897. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured, 
the  pronotum  and  the  apical  margins  of  the  abdominal  segments 
narrowly  smooth  and  impunctate  ;  the  scutellum  large,  broad, 
transverse  posteriorly.  Black  ;  the  clypeus,  sides  of  the  face 
below  the  bases  of  the  antennae  broadly,  a  large  spot  on  the  front, 
a  broad  line  on  the  cheeks  meeting  on  the  vertex  above,  the 


ASTHIDIUM. 


493 


tubercles,  the  lateral  and  anterior  margins  of  the  mesonotnm, 
widely  interrupted  on  the  latter,  two  diamond-shaped  obliquely- 
placed  spots  occupying  nearly  the  whole  surface  of  the  scutellum, 
the  legs  entirely  (except  the  coxaj),  and  broad  linear  lateral 
markings  on  segments  1-5  of  the  abdomen  yellow  ;  wmgs  hyaline, 
the  fore  wing  shaded  broadly  at  apex  and  along  the  costal  and 
anal  margins  with  fuscous  ;  nervures  dark  brown,  tegulte  yellow. 
Hah.  Poona.  ?.  Length  5;  c.r^j.  11  mm.   Type  in  coll.  Eothney. 

872.  Anthidium  pulchellum,  Elug,  Symb.  Phys.  dec.  3,  pi.  xxviii, 

fig.  11,  $  ;  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  468. 

J .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  somewhat  coarsely  punctured, 
giving  them  a  granular  appearance,  the  apical  margins  of  abdo- 
minal segments  1-5  smooth  and  shining;  scutellum  convex,  its 
anterior  margin  rounded  and  fringed  with  pubescence,  rounded 
posteriorly,  slightly  incised  or  emarginate  in  the  middle ;  abdomen 
broad,  strongly  curved,  very  convex  above ;  anal  segment  very 
broad,  nearly  transverse  posteriorly,  the  margin  slightly  recurved, 
a  short  carina  down  the  middle  ending  in  a  rounded  short  tooth. 
Ferruginous  ;  the  clypeus,  a  broad  stripe  on  the  cheeks,  continued 
along  the  occiput,  a  narrow  stripe  on  each  side  of  the  mesonotum 
anteriorly,  bent  and  passing  by  the  tegulse,  a  broad  stripe  on  the 
posterior  margin  of  the  scutellum,  and  the  legs  pale  yellow ;  the 
antennae  in  front  fulvous,  the  space  between  them  and  the  clypeus 
with  sparse  white  pubescence  ;  the  legs  with  pale  glittering  pubes- 
cence, turning  to  golden  on  the  inside  of  the  posterior  tibiae  and 
tarsi ;  wings  fusco-byaline,  nervures  dark  brown,  tegulse  yellow 
with  a  feiTuginous  spot  in  the  middle. 

ffab.  Bombay  (  Wroughton) ;  Egypt ;  Nubia  ;  Arabia,  c?  •  Length 
9 ;  exp.  17  mm. 

873.  Anthidium  imitator,  Smith,  Nm  Sp.  Bym.  B.  M.  p.  85,  cJ;  Ball. 

Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  462. 

cJ .  Head  and  thorax  finely  and  closely  punctured,  opaque ; 
abdomen  shining,  the  surface  lightly  but  very  minutely  and  densely 
punctured ;  clypeus  very  shghtly  convex,  transverse  anteriorly ; 
abdomen  somewhat  elongate,  strongly  convex  above ;  apical  seg- 
ment trifurcate  at  extreme  apex  and  with  a  small  lateral  tooth. 
Black  ;  the  clypeus  and  front,  the  pronotum  anteriorly,  the  sides 
of  the  thorax  and  of  the  median  segment  with  long  pale  fulvous 
pubescence  ;  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  the  legs  with  more  sparse  and 
brighter  pubescence  ;  the  clypeus  and  front  below  the  base  of 
the  antennae,  the  scape  of  the  antennae  in  front,  a  minute  spot 
above  the  eyes,  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  above,  a  spot  on  each  side  of 
the  basal  abdominal  segment,  two  spots  (one  lateral,  one  more 
towards  the  middle)  joined  by  a  narrow  line  on  each  side  of  seg- 
ments 2-5,  and  a  square  spot  on  each  side  of  the  middle  of  the 
6tb  segment,  yellow  ;  wings  subhyaline. 

Hah.  Punjab.    cJ .  Length  13-15  ;  exp.  26  mm. 


494 


874.  AntMdium  ardens,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.M.^.  85,  2  ;  Doll. 

Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  45G. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  finely  punctured ; 
clvpe'us  slightly  convex,  the  apical  margin  arched;  scutellum 
siiblunate,  the  middle  incised  posteriorly  ;  abdomen  short,  convex, 
Black  •  the  face  on  each  side  as  high  as  the  base  of  the  antennas, 
the  base  of  the  mandibles,  four  minute  spots  on  the  posterior 
margin  of  the  vertex,  a  transverse  abbreviated  line  on  each  side  of 
the  mesonotum  anteriorly,  another  over  the  tegute,  the  posterior 
margin  of  the  scutellum,  two  longitudinal  spots  on  the  disc  ot  the 
mesonotum,  a  series  of  four  spots  in  a  transverse  line  across  each 
of  abdominal  segments  1-5,  and  two  spots  medially  side  by  side 
on  the  6th  segment,  yellow;  the  inner  two  spots  on  the  basal 
se^^ment  are  minute,  and  on  the  4th  and  5th  segments  are  joined 
to" the  outer  spots  by  narrow  yellow  lines;  legs  with  the  tOTSt. 
pale  yellowish  ;  the  clypeus  sparsely,  the  front  of  the  head  sides 
of  the  thorax,  and  legs  with  white  pubescence  ;  pollen-brush  pale 
and  glittering;  wings  subhyaUne,  apical  and  costal  margins  of  tore 
wing  fuscescent. 

Hal.  Western  India.  5 .  Length  9  ;  e.rp.  19  mm.  6  un- 
known. 

875.  Anthidium  orduiatum.   (PI.  HI,  fig.  13.)        ^  .    „  , 

Smith,  Neio  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  86,  $  d ;  DM.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  467. 

0  Head  and  thorax  finely  and  very  densely  punctured,  opaque; 
abdomen  shinmg,  minutely  punctui-ed,  the  apical  margins  of 
the  segments  shghtly  depressed;  clypeus  transverse  anteriorly; 
cutellum  sublunate,  slightly  convex,  rounded  posteriorly 
Black-  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  the  sides  of  the  clypeus  and 
face,  ihe  outer  margins  sometimes  of  the  mesonotum  ante- 
rSrly  and  on  the  sides,  and  of  the  scutellum  posteriorly  and 
a  series  of  four  spots  placed  transversely  across  abdommal  seg- 
^Jnts  1-4  pale  yellow ;  the  thorax  above  clothed  with  fulvous 
bro  ;  the  Ses  'of  the  thorax,  the  legs,  and  sides  of  the  abdomen 
S^jrwhite  pubescence;  the  pollen-brush  white ;  the  inner  spots 
^  the  abdominal  segments  pear-shaped  and  placed  obliquely 
w'ngs  hyalinMuscous  along  the  costal  and  towards  the  apical 

'^T^'siniilar ;  the  clypeus  and  face  up  to  the  base  of  the  antenna 
an  interrupted  line  on  the  posterior  margin  of  the  vertex,  the 
Ler  ma^^^S  of  the  tegula,the  lateral  angles  and  posterior  margin 
medXof  L  scutellum,  a  line  on  the  anterior  and  mtermediate 
S  above,  a  spot  at  the  base  of  each  posterior  tibia,  four  con- 
tSimis  spo  s  on  the  5th  abdominal  segment  and  two  on  the  6th 
^Z  .  the  6th  segment  furnished  laterally  with  a  spine,  the  ith 

Po'na  ;  Bombay ;  Kar^hi.    ?  .  Length  10-13 ;  .r,.  20- 
22  mm.    6  .  Length  14-15  ;  exj>.  26  mm. 


AITTHIDirM. 


495 


876.  AntMdium  latipes,  n.  sp. 

2 .  Head  and  thorax  somewhat  coarsely  and  very  closely  and 
strongly  punctured,  giving  them  an  opaque  granular  look ;  abdomen 
shining,  more  lightly  and  sparsely  punctured;  clypeus  much  broader 
than  high,  anteriorly  arched  and  margined;  scutellum  lunate, 
slightly  convex,  and  notched  posteriorly  in  the  middle.  Black ;  a 
spot  at  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  the  clypeus  except  its  anterior 
maro-iu  narrowlv,  and  two  spots  at  its  base,  the  face  on  each  side 
below  the  base  of  the  antennfB,  a  line  on  the  cheeks,  a  line  above 
the  teo-ulfe,  a  medially  interrupted  short  line  on  the  posterior 
margiiTof  the  scutellum,  a  square  spot  on  eaeh_  side  of  the  1st 
abdominal  segment,  an  elongate  spot  on  each  side  of  the  2nd,  a 
broadly  interrupted  transverse  fascia  across  the  3rd  and  4th,  an 
entire  transverse  fascia  on  the  5th,  and  the  whole  of  the  6th  seg- 
ment above,  bright  yellow ;  legs  black,  variegated  with  yellow  and 
ferruginous ;  the  posterior  tibiae  and  basal  joints  of  the  tarsi 
flattened  and  covered  with  glittering  golden  hairs  ;  pollen-brush 
golden  :  wings  hyaline,  faintly  fuscescent  along  the  costal  margin 
of  the  fore  wing ;  nervures  testaceous,  tegulee  black  narrowly 
edged  with  yellow. 

Hah.  Earigoon,  Burma.    $  .  Length  9  ;  exp.  17  mm. 

877.  AntMdium  fraternum,  n.  sp. 

5  .  Allied  to  and  resembling  A.  latipes :  differs  in  the  posterior 
tibis)  and  basal  joint  of  the  tarsi  not  being  dilated  and  flat; 
the  head  and  thorax  more  densely  punctured  and  granular ;  _  the 
abdomen  by  contrast  much  more  finely  punctured  and  shining; 
scutellum  rounded  posteriorly.  Black ;  the  head,  thorax,  legs,  and 
basal  abdominal  segment  immaculate  ;  an  elongate  lateral  spot  on 
the  2ud,  a  transverse  band  broadly  interrupted  in  the  middle  on 
the  3rd,  another  transverse  band  narrowly  interrapted  on  the  4th, 
an  entire  transverse  band  on  the  5th,  and  the  whole  of  the  6th 
segment  above,  yellow  ;  head  in  front,  the  thorax,  and  legs  sparsely 
covered  with  silvery  ptibescence  ;  pollen-brush  white  ;  wings  light 
fusco-hyaline,  darker  along  the  costal  margin  of  the  fore  wing. 

Hah.  Tenasserim.  §  .  Length  9 ;  exp.  17  mm.  Type  in  the 
British  Museum. 

878.  Anthidium  orientale,  n.  sp. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  very  densely  punc- 
tured, slightly  shining  ;  clypeus  anteriorly  transverse,  fringed  with 
somewhat  stiff  pubescence  ;  scutellum  rounded  posteriorly :  abdo- 
men slightly  curved,  strongly  convex  above.  Black  ;  the  base  of 
the  mandibles,  the  clypeus,  the  face  on  each  side  of  it,  a  narrow 
stripe  broadening  above  along  the  inner  orbits  almost  to  the  top 
of  the  ej'^es,  a  spot  below  the  anterior  ocellus,  a  broad  stripe  on  each 
cheek,  nearly  meeting  on  the  posterior  margin  of  the  vertex,  a 
stripe  on  each  side  of  the  mesonotum  anteriorly,  bent  almost  at  a 
right  angle  and  passing  by  the  tegulae,  a  spot  on  the  tegulte  in 
front,  a  broad  stripe  on  the  posterior  margin  of  the  scutellum, 


496 


interrupted  in  the  middle,  the  apex  of  the  femora  beneath,  the 
tibiai  above  (in  the  fore  lega  the  tarsi  above  also),  and  broad  trans- 
verse lateral  spots  on  abdominal  segments  1-5,  bright  yellow;  the 
head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  with  a  sparse  glittering  pale  pubescence ; 
the  pollen-brush  white ;  wings  hyaline,  fuscous  along  the  costal 
margin. 

Hah.  Tenasserim.     5  .  Length  8 ;  exp.  16  mm.     c?  unknown. 

879.  Anthidium  rasorium,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  50,  2d; 
Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  469. 
Anthidium  rufipes,  S7}iith  {riec  Fabr.),  Neio  Sj}.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  85. 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured  ; 
clypeus  slightly  convex,  anteriorly  rounded,  and  densely  pubescent; 
scutellum  broadly  lunate,  almost  subtriangular,  notched  in  the 
middle  posteriorly;  abdomen  convex,  strongly  curved.  Black, 
covered  all  over  with  a  soft  white  down,  the  clypeus  and  front 
with  dense  white  pubescence;  the  legs  and  abdomen  beneath 
ferruginous  ;  the  clypeus,  face  as  high  as  the  base  of  the  antennse, 
a  spot  on  the  mandibles,  and  a  line  on  the  cheeks  continued  along 
the  margin  of  the  vertex,  white  ;  a  line  on  each  side  of  the  meso- 
notum  near  the  tegulte,  joining  a  line  along  the  posterior  margin  of 
the  scutellum,  and  a  fascia  across  the  middle  of  each  segment 
yellow,  the  fascia  on  the  1st  segment  reduced  to  a  lateral  spot,  on 
the  2nd  widely,  on  the  others  narrowly  interrupted  in  the  middle  ; 
basal  joint  of  posterior  tarsi  white  ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent. 

S  similar,  but  the  markings  all  paler,  those  on  the  abdomen 
forming  an  entire  transverse  band  on  the  1st,  narrowly  interrupted 
bauds  on  the  2nd-5th  segments,  and  a  lunate  spot  in  the  middle  of 
the  6th  segment ;  the  7th  segment  very  broad,  transverse  apically 
and  tridentate. 

Hal.  Bengal;  Central  Provinces;  Bombay;  Bangalore;  Burma; 
Tenasserim.  $  .  Length  7  ;  exj).  13  mm.    <S  .  Length  8  ;  exp.  14  mm. 

Genus  STELIS. 
Stelis,  Pam.  Krit.  lievis.  Faun.  Deutschl.  ii,  p.  246  (1806). 

Type,  S.  aterrima,  Panz. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  convex  anteriorly,  transverse  posteriorly,  cheeks  mode- 
rately well  developed  ;  ocelli  in 
a  triangle  on  vertex  ;  antenuse 
filiform,  geniculated ;  labial  palpi 
4-jointed,  basal  two  joints  the 
longest,  the  1st  about  two-thirds 
the  length  of  the  2nd,  the  3rd 
and  4th  minute ;  maxillary  palpi 
2-jointed,  both  joints  miuute. 
Thorax  subglobose,  the-scutellum 
more  or  less  produced  backwards ; 
Fig.  m.-Stelis  cornuta.  2 .    y  „,iug  with  the  radial  cell  at 

apex  not  approximate  to  the  costal  margin;  two  cubital  cells,  subequal 


STJDLIS. 


497 


on  the  cubital  nervure,  the  2nd  cell  receiving  the  Ist  recurrent 
nerviire  near  the  base,  the  2ncl  recurrent  nervure  joining  the 
cubital  nerrare  beyond  the  apex  of  the  cell ;  legs  slight,  wdthout 
pubescence.  Abdomen  broad,  very  convex  above,  strongly  curved 
downwards  ;  the  female  not  provided  with  a  pollen-brush. 

Stelis  is  parasitic  on  Osmia  in  Europe.  Nothing  is  known  of 
the  habits  of  the  two  Indian  species.  One  of  these,  <S^.  cornuta,  I 
have  placed  in  the  genus  Sielis  with  much  doubt.  In  the  shape  of 
its  head  and,  above  all,  in  the  remarkable  horned  mandibles  it 
differs  considerably  from  tj^ical  forms  of  that  genus. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

a.  Mandibles  normal,  not  produced  at  base   8.  parmla,  p.  497. 

b.  Mandibles  at  base  produced  into  a  prominent 

triangular  tooth    S.  cornuta,  p.  497. 

880.  Stelis  parvula,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

d .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  coarsely  punctured, 
somewhat  thickly  pubescent,  the  pubescence  longer  and  most 
dense  on  the  head  in  front  and  the  sides  and  front  of  the  pro- 
notum ;  mesonotum  with  an  obscure  median  longitudinal  fuiTow  ; 
abdomen  longer  than  the  head  and  thorax,  strongly  convex  above. 
Black ;  the  pubescence  hoary,  snow-white  on  the  clypeus  and  face 
in  front ;  the  posterior  lateral  angles  of  the  seute'llum,  a  spot  at 
the  base  of  all  the  tibiiB,  a  broad  border  to  the  tegulas,  a  more  or 
less  lengthened  spot  on  each  side  of  all  the  segments  of  the  abdo- 
men, with  a  second  similar  inner  spot  on  the  3rd,  4th,  and  5th 
segments,  dull  whitish  yeUow ;  antennae  fulvous  brown  beneath ; 
wings  hyaline,  nervures  testaceous. 

Hah.  Barrackpore.  d .  Length  4 ;  exp.  8  mm.  Tvpe  in  coll. 
Eothney. 

A  true  Stelis,  the  abdomen  not  toothed  at  apex,  with  the 
markings  of  Anthidium. 

881.  Stelis  cornuta,  n.  sp. 

?.  Head  and  thorax  finely  and  very  closely,  abdomen  more 
minutely  and  densely  punctured;  clypeus  much  broader  than 
high,  transverse,  its  anterior  margin  straightly  truncate,  with  a 
square  emargination  in  the  middle ;  mandibles  very  long,  massive, 
the  base  with  a  recurved  projecting  strong  triangular  tooth ;  the 
apex  of  the  mandible  minutely  tridentate.  Black  ;  the  mandibles 
on  the  outside  except  at  base  and  apex,  the  clypeus  broadly  along 
the  apical  margin,  an  elongate  mark  between  and  a  little  above 
the  base  of  the  antennas,  a  broad  stripe  along  the  inner  orbits 
reaching  very  nearly  to  the  top  of  the  eyes,  another  broad  stripe 
on  each  cheek  continued  along  the  posterior  margin  of  the  vertex 
a  snake-like  mark  forming  a  double  loop  on  the  mesonotum  the 
scutellum,  an  abbreviated  stripe  on  the  anterior  and  intermediate 
femora  behind  and  on  the  posterior  femora  in  front,  and  transverse 

TOL.  I.  9 


498 


APIDjE. 


stripes  across  the  middle  of  tlie  abdominal  segments,  yellow;  the 
antenniB,  the  legs,  and  the  black  portions  of  the  abdomen  more  or 
less  piceous  ;  the  scape  of  the  antennaa  in  front  fulvous ;  wings 
hyaline,  bright  fulvous  along  the  costal  mai'gin. 

Hah.  Eangoon,  Burma.  5 .  LemjOi  10  ;  exp.  22  mm.  The 
type  and  only  specimen  as  yet  known  is  in  the  British  Museum. 


Genus  PAREVASPIS. 

Parevaspis,  Ritsema,  Tijd.  v.  JEnt.  xvii,  p.  Ixxi  (1874). 

Type,  P.  abdominalis,  Smith. 
Range.  Indo-Malayan  region. 

Head  transverse,  as  broad  as  the  thorax ;  ocelli  in  a  broad  curve 
on  the  vertex ;  inner  orbits  of  eyes  parallel ;  clypeus  convex, 
broad ;  mandibles  broad,  armed  with  three  teeth ;  antennse  fili- 
form ;  labial  palpi  4-jointed,  the  basal  joint  more  than  twice  the 
length  of  the  2nd  joint,  apical  two  joints  minute,  articulated  to 


Fig.  IQb.— Parevaspis. 
1,  Maxilla ;  2,  labium  ;  3,  antenna  ;  4,  face  from  front.   (Much  enlarged.) 

the  side  of  the  apex  of  the  2nd  joint ;  maxillary  palpi  2- jointed, 
both  joints  minute;  scutellum  broad,  flat,  horizontal,  deeply  incised 
at  apex,  the  sides  rounded;  legs  short,  slight,  without  dense 
pubescence^  or  scopa.  Tore  wings  with  the  radial  cell  subacute 
at  apex;  two  cubital  cells,  the  2nd  cubital  cell  receiving  the 
1st  recurrent  nervure  near  the  base,  the  2nd  recurrent  nervure 
terminating  beyond  the  apex  of  the  cell.  Abdomen  broad,  sub- 
ovate,  convex  above,  subconcave  beneath;  the  apical  segments 
curved  downwards  ;  the  anal  segment  ( $  )  rounded  and  slightly 
incised  in  the  middle  posteriorly,  (  6  )  tridentate  posteriorly. 

This  genus  is  very  close  to  Stelis,  but  the  mouth-parts  are  dif- 
ferent, and  the  male  anal  segment  in  the  latter  is  rounded,  not 


PARBTASPIS. — OEEATINA. 


499 


tridentate.  Parevaspis  is  parasitic  on  the  leafcutter  bees  {Mega- 
chile).  I  ha\'e  seen  P.  abdominalis  entering  the  nest  of  M,  dis- 
juncta. 

Key  to  the  Sjpecies. 

a.  Abdomen  red    P.  abdominalis,  p.  499. 

b.  Abdomen  black   P.  carbonaria,  p.  499. 

882.  Parevaspls  abdominalis. 

Stelis  abdominalis,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1859,  p.  79,  . 
Parevaspis  abdominalis,  Dall.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  480. 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely,  evenly,  and  somewhat 

coarsely  punctured;  clypeus 
boldly  convex,  crossed  near 
the  base  by  a  transverse 
short  carina  at  right  angles 
to  a  carina  between  the 
bases  of  the  antennas  ;  a 
short,  slightly  oblique  car- 
ina runs  also  from  the 
base  of  each  antenna  up 
the  fi'ont ;  the  apical  m.2iV- 
'Eig.im.— Parevaspis  abdominalis,  2-  |.  gins  of  the  abdominal  seg- 
ments narrowly  smooth, 
impunctate.  Head  and  thorax  black ;  abdomen  ferruginous  red  ; 
the  sides  a,nd  apex  of  the  clypeus,  the  sides  of  the  face  and  the 
occiput  with  white  pubescence ;  wings  fuscous,  with  a  rich  purple 
eifulgence,  hyaline  towards  the  base. 

6  similar,  somewhat  more  finely  punctured  on  the  head, 
mesonotum,  and  abdomen. 

Hab.  Burma ;  Tenasserim ;  the  Malayan  region  to  Celebes ; 
Japan?  $.  Length  9-15;  6^72^,18-28  mm.  d".  Length  9-10; 
exp.  19-21  mm. 

883,  Parevaspis  carbonaria. 

Stelis  carbonaria,  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  275. 
Parevaspis  carbonaria,  Dull.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p,  480. 

?  6 .  Closely  resembling  and  allied  to  P.  abdominalis ;  not 
so  coarsely  punctured,  the  front  and  space  between  the  bases  of 
the  antennffi  slightly  raised,  with  a  medial  carina  beneath  running 
on  to  the  base  of  the  clypeus.  The  entire  head,  thorax,  and 
abdomen  black. 

Eab.  Bombay;  Ahmedabad;  the  Punjab ;  Allahabad ;  Eangoon  ; 
Mandalay  ;  Ceylon.     §  ,S  .  Length  8-12  ;  exp.  18-25  mm. 

Genus  CERATINA. 

Ceratina,  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  xiy,  p.  60  (1805). 

Type,  C.  alhilabris,  Fabr. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  transverse ;  front  flat  or  with  sulcations  round  the  base- 

2  K  2 


500 


2 

Fig.  l&J.—Ceratina. 
1.  Maxilla;  2.  labium.  (Much 
enlarged.) 


of  the  antennas ;  ocelli  in  a  triangle  on  the  vertex  ;  antennae  short, 

subclavate ;  mandibles  stout,  triden- 
tate ;  labial  palpi  4-ioiuted,  basal 
two  joints  elongate,  ajiical  two 
minute ;  maxillary  palpi  G-jointed, 
basal  three  joints  subequal,  apical 
three  gradually  decreasing  in  length. 
Thorax  ovate ;  fore  wing  with  the 
radial  cell  rounded  at  apex,  the 
apex  not  approximate  to  the  costal 
margin  ;  three  cubital  cells,  the 
2nd  forming  a  tnincated  triangle, 
the  2nd  and  3rd  cells  each  receiving 
a  recurrent  nervure  beyond  the 
middle  ;  legs  short,  fairly  stout,  des- 
titute of  poUiniferous  appendages. 
Abdomen  slightly  narrowed  at  base. 

Of  the  Lidian  species  I  have  only 
observed  the  nests  of  C.  jperforairix, 
made  in  the  hollow  of  a  dead  shoot 
of  the  branching  bamboo  (PseudostacJiymn  compaciiflorum,  Kurz), 
and  of  C.  viriclissima,  DaU.  Torr.,  tunnelled  into  the  dead  stems 
of  the  common  castor-oil  plant. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A .  Metallic  green,  bluish  or  bronzed  green,  with 

a  few  yellow  markings. 

a.  Abdomen  entirely  green. 

a'.  Length  8-10  mm  

b'.  Length  4r-5  mm  

b.  Abdomen  green,  segments  4-6  with  square 

velvety-black  lateral  spots   

c.  Abdomen  green,  banded  with  yellow  .... 

B.  Head  and  thorax  black,  abdomen  entii-ely 

feiTuginous  red   

C.  Black,  variegated  with  yellow. 

a.  A  J.-shaped  yellow  macula  on  clypeus._ 
a'.  Basal  three  abdominal  segments  im- 
maculate   

b'.  Abdominal  segments  1-5  with  a  yellow 
transverse  band   

b.  Clypeus  entirely  yellow. 
a'.  Apical  three  abdominal  segments  black, 

immaculate  

h'.  Abdominal  segments  1-5  with  broad 
entire  transverse  yellow  bands  ...... 

c.  Clypeus  with  a  transverse  yellow  line 

slightly  broadened  in  the  middle. 
a'.  Space  at  base  of  median  segment  with 

wide  reticulations   

i'.  Space  at  base  of  median  segment  mi- 
nutely punctured   


C.  viridissima,  p.  501. 
C.  propinqua,  p.  501. 

C.  sexmaciilata,  p.  501. 
C.  tap-ohancB,  p.  502. 

C.  pida,  p.  502. 


C.  pei-forati-tA;  p.  502. 
C.  Ideroglyphica,  p.  503. 

C.  moderata,  p.  504. 
C.  beaia,  p.  604. 

C.  h2nda,  p.  505. 
C.  simillma,  p.  505. 


CERATINA. 


501 


884.  Ceratina  viridissima. 

Ceratina  viridis,  Guer.  (nec  Latr.)  Icon.  Rhjn.  Anim.,  Ins.  p.  449, 

pi.  73,  fig-.  (3 ;  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  224. 
Cenitiua  viridissima,  Dall.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  201. 

2  cS  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured, 
granular ;  clypeus  elongate  triangular,  naargined  all  round,  and 
with  a  medial  longitudinal  carina ;  mesonotum  convex,  with  two 
medial  parallel  impressed  lines,  and  an  abbreviated  impressed  line 
on  each  side  of  and  parallel  to  them ;  abdomen  with  segments 
1-5  marked  with  a  short  obscure  impressed  line  on  each  side 
above,  just  before  the  apical  margin.  Bright  green,  sometimes 
blue,  metallic  and  shining;  clypeus  and  a  line  on  all  the  tibicB 
above  yellow  ;  mandibles,  labrum,  antenn£e,  legs,  and  the  im- 
pressed lines  on  the  thorax  and  abdomen  black,  the  legs  sometimes 
with  a  greenish  or  bluish  tint  and  covered  with  hoary  white 
pubescence ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  and  tegulse 
testaceous  brown. 

Hab.  Apparently  throughout  India,  Burma,  and  Ceylon ;  Assam; 
China;  Malacca.  The  specimens  from  the  Punjab  and  Western 
India  have  a  golden-bronzy  tint ;  those  from  Ceylon  and  Burma 
are  darker.    $     .  Length  8-10 ;  exp.  16-17  mm. 

885.  Ceratina  propinqua.  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soo.  xli,  1897. 

5  .  Head  coarsely  punctured  ;  the  front  above  the  clypeus  and 
round  the  base  of  the  antennse  hollow ;  the  carina  thus  formed 
between  the  lateral  hollows  forked  below  the  anterior  ocellus,  the 
lateral  branches  running  to  the  posterior  ocelli ;  mesonotum, 
scutellum,  postscutellum,  and  median  segment  minutely  and 
closely  punctured  ;  median  segment  very  short,  with  a  very  steep 
slope  posteriorly,  the  enclosed  rugose  space  at  base  very  small ; 
abdomen  closely  punctured,  the  basal  two  segments  minutely 
punctate,  the  remainder  with  gradually  coarser  punctures  towards 
the  apex,  the  apical  three  segments  thinly  pubescent.  Dark 
bluish  green;  an  elongate  pyramidal  spot  on  the  clypeus,  the 
tubercles,  and  a  stripe  on  the  tibij©  above  yellowish  white ;  antennae, 
mandibles,  and  legs  piceous ;  tarsi  testaceous ;  wings  hyaline, 
.nervures  and  tegulse  testaceous. 

Hab.  Mussooree,  Northern  India.    5  .  Length  4-5 ;  exp.  8  mm. 

886.  Ceratina  sexmaculata,  StJiith,  New  Sp. 
Hym.  B.  M.  p.  92,  d"  ;  Dall.  Ton:  Cat.  x, 
p.  200. 

5 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely 
punctured,  with  a  granular  appearance;  cly- 
peus impunctate,  faintly  vertically  carinate ; 

T,.  ^    ,.       median  segment  very  short,  not  more  than 

Pig.  168.— Ceratma     „  •     i      ..u  ii     4.         4.  4. 

sexmaculata,  $.  ?.     2  mm.  m  length,  vertically  truncate  poste- 
riorly, the  edge  of  the  truncation  above  mar- 
gined.    Bright  emerald-green,  the  clypeus  yellow ;  the  antennae 
and  legs  chestnut-brown,  the  last  variegated  with  yellow ;  abdominal 


502 


AJPIDJB. 


segments  4-6  with  a  square  velvety  black  spot  on  each  side  of 
the  middle  above,  the  spots  decreasing  in  size  posteriorly  ;  wings 
hyaline  with  a  faint  yellow  tint,  nervures  and  teguliB  testaceous. 

J  similar ;  the  apical  margin  of  the  6th  segment  crenulate 
and  subdentate  in  the  middle,  the  7th  with  a  longer  acute  tooth 
medially. 

Hah.  Hong  Kong ;  Upper  Burma ;  Tenasserim ;  extending  to 
Celebes.  $  c?  .  Length  7-8 ;  exp,  ]  2  mm. 

887.  Ceratina  taprobanse,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  very  minutely  and  closely  punctured ; 
median  segment  on  the  sides  and  at  apex  very  finely  striolate,  the 
enclosed  space  at  base  rugose ;  the  scutellum  and  postscutellum 
fringed  with  long  hairs  ;  the  head  and  abdomen  thinly  pubescent. 
Green  and  shining ;  the  clypeus,  labrum,  and  palpi  yellow ;  the 
clypeus  with  two  black  lines ;  the  scape  of  the  antennae  above  and 
below,  the  flagellum  beneath,  a  line  on  the  pronotum,  and  the 
tubercles  yellow;  the  legs  variegated  and  the  abdomen  banded 
with  yellow ;  scutellum  dark  purple ;  wings  hyaline,  nervures 
and  tegulsB  pale  testaceous. 

Hab.  Ceylon.  $  .  Length  3-4 ;  exp.  about  6  mm.  Type  in 
coll.  Eothney. 

888.  Ceratina  picta,  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  224,  $  ;  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x, 

p.  199. 

5  .  Head  with  a  few  scattered  punctures ;  mesonotum  anteriorly 
and  posteriorly  closely  and  finely  punctured,  smooth,  polished,  and 
shining  in  the  middle;  abdomen  finely  punctured,  the  punctures 
more  dense  on  the  apical  three  segments,  the  margins  of  segments 
2-5  narrowly  depressed;  clypeus  flat,  transverse  anteriorly;  median 
segment  rounded  and  steep  posteriorly,  the  space  at  base  above 
flat  or  slightly  depressed,  with  a  medial  somewhat  obscure  longi- 
tudinal carina,  which  runs  to  the  apex  of  the  segment.  Head, 
thorax,  and  legs  jet-black,  shining :  the  labrum  and  base  of  the 
mandibles,  a  line  along  the  apical  margin  of  the  clypeus,  two  very 
short  vertical  lines  running  up  from  it  medially,  a  line  along  the 
inner  orbits  broadening  below,  a  broader  line  along  the  outer- 
orbits,  two  oblique  spots  below  the  anterior  ocellus,  a  transverse 
line  on  the  pronotum,  two  medial  longitudinal  parallel  lines  on 
the  disc  of  the  mesonotum,  and  two  sublunate  contiguous  spots  on 
the  scutellum  yellow ;  the  legs  black,  the  tibiaB  above  and  the  tarsi 
obscurely  rufo-testaceous  ;  abdomen  entirely  ferruginous  ;  wings 
fusco-hyaline  and  iridescent. 

Hah.  Ceylon  (Smith).     $  .  Lenc/th  7  ;  exp.  14  mm. 

889.  Ceratina  perforatrix.  Smith,  New  Sp.  Sym.  B.  M.  p.  92,  J. 

5  .  Head  and  face  and  mesonotum  anteriorly  sparingly  punc- 
tured ;  abdomen  somewhat  more  closely  and  very  finely  punctured ; 
head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  polished  and  shining ;  median  segment 


CBEATIITA. 


503 


steeply  sloped,  rounded  posteriorly,  with  a  medially  impressed  longi- 
tudinal line ;  the  bases  of  the  2nd  and  3rd  abdominal  segments  deeply 
constricted,  their  apical  margins  depressed. 
Black ;  a  broad  J.-shaped  mark  on  the  clypeus, 
a  squarish  spot  on  each  side  of  it,  a  spot  on  the 
labrum,  a  line  on  the  cheeks,  a  transverse  fascia 
on  the  apical  margin  of  the  4th  abdominal 
segment,  broadening  slightly  in  the  middle,  and 
another  on  the  5th,  broadening  considerably 
in  the  middle,  yellow ;  the  legs  black  with  sparse 
black  hairs,  the  underside  of  the  tarsi  with  dense 
Pi,,  169 -Ceratina  gol^leu  pubescence  ;  the  wings  fusco-hyaline. 
perforairix,  2-   i-  '  ^^i^^rs  in  the  yellow  markings  on  the  face 

being  broader;  the  4th  and  5th  abdominal 
seoments  have  a  yellow  fascia  on  the  apical  margins,  those  on  the 
4th  being  interrupted  in  the  middle,  the  6th  with  a  medial 
yellow  spot ;  the  legs  rufo-piceous,  not  black. 

ffah.  Assam ;  Pegu  Hills ;  Tenasserim.  5  .  Length  12  ;  ex^ . 
22  mm.     d  .  Length  10  ;  exj).  20  mm. 

890.  Ceratina  MeroglypMca.   (PI.  IV,  fig.  3.) 

Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  226,  $  r?  ;  Dall.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  199. 
?  Ceratina  flavopicta,  Moraioitz  (nec  Smith),  Hor.  Soc.  Ent.  Moss. 

xxiv  (1890),  p.  356. 
?  Ceratina  morawitzii,"  Stadehn.  Zoolog.  Jahrb.,  Syst.  viii  (1894) 
p.  233. 

2 .  Head  above  and  the  hollow  on  the  front  below  the  ocelli 
somewhat  coarsely,  the  thorax  and  abdomen  more  finely  punctured, 
the  punctures  on  the  abdomen  emitting  short  decumbent  hairs  ; 
the  clypeus,  disc  of  the  mesonotum,  and  basal  abdominal  segment 
smooth  and  shining,  the  clypeus  having  a  few  scattered  fine  punc- 
tures ;  median  segment  narrowed  at  apex  and  rounded  posteriorly. 
Black ;  a  J.-shaped  mark  on  the  clypeus,  a  lunate  spot  above  it,  a 
stripe  on  each  side  broadened  below,  a  spot  above  each  antenna, 
a  broad  stripe  on  each  cheek,  another  on  the  pronotum,  two 
parallel  longitudinal  lines  on  the  mesonotum,  another  short  one  on 
each  side  over  the  tegulse,  a  broad  squarish  mark  on  the  middle  of 
the  scutellum,  the  tubercles,  the  legs  except  the  coxeb,  trochanters, 
and  Eeraora  above,  and  transverse  subapical  fascife  on  the  segments 
of  the  abdomen,  yellow  ;  the  fascia  on  the  1st  abdominal  segment 
broadened  in  the  middle  and  roundly  incised  anteriorly  on  each 
side,  that  on  the  2nd  broad,  latei-ally  attenuated  on  each  side  of 
the  middle,  the  fascia  on  the  3rd  segment  broadly  interrupted  in 
the  middle  and  widest  laterally,  on  the  4th  broadest  in  the  middle 
where  it  is  narrowly  interrupted,  the  5th  segment  with  a  broad 
truncate  cone-shaped  spot  in  the  middle,  the  6th  segment  black ; 
legs  slightly  pubescent;  wings  hyaline,  more  or  less  fuscescent; 
nervures  and  tegulse  testaceous. 


504 


Var.  The  longitudinal  lines  on  the  mesonotum  absent,  the 
fascia  on  the  basal  abdominal  segment  not  biemarginate  anteriorly, 
but  enclosing  a  black  spot  on  each  side. 

c?  similar  to  the  $  ,  but  \\  ith  the  yellow  markings  broader,  the 
scape  of  the  antenna  in  front  and  the  anterior  femora  yellow. 

Bab.  Mussooree ;  Dehra ;  JBarrackpore  ;  Sikhim ;  Bangalore  ; 
Assam ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim ;  extending  into  China  and  the 
Malayan  region.     $  d  .  Length  9-11;  exp.  16-17  mm. 

891.  Ceratina  moderata,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Sue.  xli,  1897. 

2 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  punctured,  the  punctures 
shallow  and  somewhat  distantly  placed,  on  the  front  of  the  bead 
and  face  slightly  closer  and  stronger ;  thorax  in  front  and  on  the 
sides  and  apex,  and  abdomen  with  a  thin  soft  pubescence ;  median 
segment  rounded  posteriorly,  the  enclosed  space  at  base  concave, 
very  minutely  punctm-ed  and  rugose.  Black ;  the  clypeus,  a  broad 
triangular  spot  above  it,  an  irregular  line  on  each  side  along  the 
lower  part  of  the  inner  orbits,  the  tubercles,  the  anterior  tibiae 
above,  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibia3  in  front,  lengthened 
spots  on  each  side  of  the  2nd  and  3rd,  and  small  round  lateral  spots 
on  the  4th  segment  of  the  abdomen,  yellow  ;  the  tibiae  with  some 
ferruginous  stains,  and  the  tarsi  fusco-ferruginous  ;  pubescence 
fuscous  ;  wings  hyaline,  nervm'es  testaceous. 

Hah.  Mussooree.  $ .  Length  5 ;  exjp.  11  mm.  Type  in  coll. 
Eothney. 

892,  Ceratina  beata,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

5  .  Head  smooth,  with  a  few  shallow  punctures  ;  mesonotum, 
scutellum,  postscutellum,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured, 
the  punctures  A^ery  shallow ;  mesonotum  with  an  abbreviated  longi- 
tudinally impressed  median  line  anteriorly;  median  segment  short, 
opaque,  rounded  posteriorly,  with  almost  a  vertical  slope  to  the 
apex;  the  enclosed  space  at  its  base  contracted,  punctured  and 
rugose.  Black ;  the  clypeus,  a  square  mark  above  it,  a  T-shaped 
mark  above  that,  a  line  on  the  inner  orbits,  a  transverse  line  on 
the  occiput,  a  broad  one  on  each  cheek,  the  prothorax  and  tubercles, 
two  short  inner  parallel  and  two  still  shorter  lateral  divergent 
lines  on  the  mesonotum,  the  middle  of  the  scutellum  and  post- 
scutellum, the  mesopleuras  below,  the  mesosternum,  the  legs,  and 
broad  transverse  bands  on  the  abdomen,  yellow;  wings  hyaline, 
nervures  testaceous,  tegulae  yellow. 

Var.  a.  The  clypeus  and  front  up  to  the  anterior  ocellus 
yellow. 

Var.  h.  The  mesonotum  without  the  divergent  yellow  lines  on 
the  disc ;  the  yellow  bands  on  the  abdomen  narrow,  widest  in  the 
middle. 


OBEATINA. — ALLODAPB. 


505 


Hab.  Ceylon;  Burma;  Tenasserim.  $.  Length  5-7;  exp. 
9-14  mm. 

893.  Ceratina  lepida,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  92,  J  ;  Dull. 

Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  I'M. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  shining,  punctured,  the  punc- 
tures larger  and  more  sparse  on  the  face  in  front  audthe  mesonotum, 
densest  on  the  abdomen;  median  segment  with  a  large  lunate 
concave  space  at  base,  widely  reticulate.  Black;  a  transverse  tri- 
lobed  spot  on  the  clypeus,  a  wide  subtriangular  spot  above  it,  a 
narrow  line  along  the  inner  orbits  not  reaching  far  above  the  base 
of  the  antennae,  and  with  the  apex  below  curved  inwards,  two 
obUque  spots  below  the  anterior  ocellus,  a  broad  Hne  on  the  cheeks, 
a  narrow  one  on  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  a  minute  line  inside 
the  tegulsB,  the  base  of  the  scutellum,  the  antei'ior  femora  at 
apex  beneath,  a  line  on  the  anterior  tibise  above,  and  narrow 
transverse  fasciae  on  the  apical  margin  of  abdominal  segments  2-5, 
yellow  ;  the  fascia  on  the  2nd  and  3rd  segments  very  widely,  and 
on  the  4th  narrowly  interrupted  in  the  middle,  on  the  5th  segment 
the  fascia  is  entire  and  broader  than  the  others ;  tarsi  rufo- 
testaceous  ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent. 

d  similar ;  the  apical  segment  produced  in  the  middle  into  a 
tooth,  and  the  sides  angulate ;  intermediate  and  posterior  legs 
also  variegated  with  yellow. 

Hab.  Northern  India  (S^nitJi) ;  Dibrugarh,  Assam.  5  •  Length 
10  ;  exp.  18  mm.     <£  .  Length  8  ;  ex2).  16  mm. 

894.  Ceratina  simillima,  Stnith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  225;  Ball.  Torr,  Cat.  x, 

p.  200. 

5  .  Eesembles  C.  lepida,  but  is  constantly  smaller,  the  head 
and  thorax  \vith  much  fewer  punctures,  the  lunate  space  at  base 
of  the  median  segment  very  finely  minutely  punctured,  opaque- 
looking  ;  basal  segment  of  abdomen  smooth  aud  polished,  rest  of 
the  segments  very  iinely  and  densely  punctured.  The  yellow 
markings  are  nearly  as  in  G.  lepida,  but  there  are  in  addition  two 
short  parallel  longitudinal  yellow  lines  on  the  disc  of  the  meso- 
notum, and  a  yellow  hne  (sometimes  reduced  to  two  spots)  on  the 
apical  margin  of  the  basal  segment  of  the  abdomen ;  legs  testaceous, 
variegated  with  yellowish  white  ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent. 

Hab.  East  Indies  (/S'jjii^A)  ;  Burma;  Tenasserim.  $  .  ieuc/i/i  6  ; 
exp.  11  mm.     S  unknown. 

Genus  ALLODAPE. 
Allodape,  Lepel.  Encycl.  M6th.,  Ins.  x,  p.  18  (1825). 

Type,  A.  rufogasti-a,  Lepel. 

Range.  Africa ;  the  Oriental  region  ;  Australia. 


506 


Head  transverse,  nearly  as  wide  as  the  thorax;  ocelli  three,  in  a  tri- 
angle on  the  vertex;  antennas  filiform, 
geniculate,  llagellum  thickening  to- 
wards the  apex  ;  tongue  long ;  labial 
palpi  4-3ointed,  basal  two  joints 
elongate,  the  apical  two  minute  ; 
maxillary  palpi  (i-jointed,  basal  joint 
thick,  about  as  long  as  the  following 
two,  apical  three  minute,  subequal ; 
labrum  not  notably  longer  than 
broad  ;  mandibles  narrow,  acute. 
Thorax  ovate  ;  legs  slender,  short ; 
wings  moderately  broad,  fore  wing 
with  the  radial  cell  constricted  to- 
wards the  apex  and  appendiculate ; 
two  cubital  cells,  the  1st  longer  than 
the  2nd,  the  2nd  narrowed  towards 
the  marginal  and  receiving  both 
recurrent  nervures.  Abdomen  cylin- 
drical, of  moderate  size. 

Nothing  is  known  of  the  nesting 
habits  of  the  species  belonging  to  this 
genus.  In  general  appearance  they 
are  very  like  the  species  of  Frosopis, 
but  can  be  distinguished  at  once  by 
their  elongate  tongues.  A.  cupuli- 
fera  occurs  in  company  with  P.  fe<x, 
swarming  on  the  wet  sands  on  the  banks  of  streams  in  Tenasserim. 


Fig.  170. — Allodape. 
1,  maxilla ;  2,  labium.  (Much 
enlarged.)  After  Smith. 


Key  io  tlie  Sjiecies. 

a.  Base  of  1st  abdominal  segment  depressed  in 

the  middle    A.  cupulifera,  p.  506. 

h.  Base  of  1st  abdominal  segment  not  depressed. 
a'.  Apical  two  or  three  abdominal  segments 

densely  punctured   ■.   A.  marginata,  p.  507. 

b'.  All  the  segments  of  the  abdomen  smooth, 

impunctate    A.  parvula,  p.  507. 

895.  Allodape  cupulifera,  VacJial,  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gm.  (2")  xiv,  1894, 
p.  447,  d. 

cJ.  Head,  thorax,  and  basal  abdommal  segment  smooth  and 
shining,  2nd  and  following  segments  punctured,  each  puncture 
emitting  a  short  decumbent  fuscous  hair ;  labrum  slightly  exserted ; 
clypeus  transverse  anteriorly ;  1st  abdominal  segment  depressed  in 
the  middle,  the  sides  and  apical  margin  narrowly  vertically  raised. 
Black ;  the  labrum,  mandibles,  clypeus,  a  line  on  the  scape  of  the 
antenna  in  front,  and  the  tubercles  yellow;  the  flagellum  of  the 
antenna  piceous  ;  the  tegulte  and  tarsi  flavo-testaceous ;  wings 
hyaline. 

Bob.  Karen  Hills,  Burma ;  Tenasserim.  d  .  Lengtli  4-5  ;  exp. 
8  mm. 


AIilX)DAPE.  HBRIADBS. 


507 


896.  AUodape  marginata,  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  280,$. 

$  .  Head  with  a  few  scattered  puuctiires,  mesonotum  smooth, 
shilling,  scutelJutn  and  median  segment  delicately  punctured  ;  the 
basal  three  segments  of  the  abdomen  smooth,  apical  three  punc- 
tured, the  punctures  getting  more  deuse  towards  the  apex ;  clypeus 
flat,  transverse  anteriorly.  Black  ;  a  broad  nail-shaped  spot  on  the 
front  and  clypeus,  a  line  on  the  pronotum,  the  tubercles,  and  the 
tegiilse  of  the  wings  pale  cream-colour :  the  labrum,  base  of  the 
mandibles,  and  the  apical  joints  of  the  tarsi  testaceous  ;  the 
posterior  legs  covered  with  a  pale  glittering  pubescence  ;  the  apical 
margins  narrowly  of  segments  1-5  of  the  abdomen  very  pale 
testaceous ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  pale  testaceous. 

Hah.  India?  (Smith).  The  type  in  the  British  Museum  col- 
lection is  the  only  specimen  I  have  seen.  $  .  Length  6 ;  exp. 
11  mm. 

897.  Allodape  parvula,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hpn.  B.  M.  p.  98,5. 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth,  shining  and  impunctate; 
face  slightly  produced  below ;  clypeus  flat,  transverse  anteriorly  ; 
median  segment  somewhat  narrowed  and  rounded  posteriorly,  the 
space  at  base  slightly  concave  and  smooth  but  opaque,  not  shining. 
Black ;  the  face  below  the  base  of  the  antenua3  and  the  clypeus  in 
the  middle  pale  yellow ;  the  labrum,  the  mandibles,  tubercles,  apical 
Joints  of  the  tarsi,  and  the  apical  margins  rather  broadly  of  seg- 
ments 1-5  rufo-testaceous ;  the  posterior  tibias  and  tarsi  with  pale 
glittering  pubescence  ;  wings  hyaUue  and  iridescent. 

Hob.  Bombay  district  ;  probably  through  a  great  part  of  India  ; 
Burma  ;  Tenasserim.     $  .  Length  5-6  ;  exp.  8-11  mm. 

Genus  HERIADES. 

Heriades,  Spinola,  Ins.  Lig.  ii,  p.  7  (1808). 
Chelostoma,  Latr.  Gen.  Crust,  et  Ins.  iv,  p.  161  (1809). 
Trypetes,  Sclienck,  Nassau.  Verein.  f.  Naturh.,  JaAr.  xiv,  p.  32  (1859). 
Eriades,  Doll.  Torr.  Sj-  Friese,  Entom.  Nachr.  xxi,  p.  69  (1895). 

Type,  H.  truncorum,  Linn. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  orbicular,  about  as  wide  as  the  thorax  ;  ocelli  in  a  triangle 
placed  well  forward  on  the  vertex  ;  antennae  subclavate ;  labial 
palpi  4-jointed,  the  1st  joint  about  half  the  length  of  the  2nd,  the 
latter  acute  at  apex,  the  apical  two  joints  minute,  at  right  angles  to 
the  2nd  joint ;  the  maxillary  palpi  3-jointed,  the  basal  joint  short, 
stout,  the  2nd  twice  as  long  as  the  1st,  the  3rd  slender,  with  two 
setae  at  apex  ;  clypeus  with  the  anterior  margin  generally  trans- 
verse and  bidentate,  the  labrum  beneath  anteriorly  rounded.  Thorax 
short,  broadly  oval ;  fore  wing  with  the  radial  cell  long,  subacute 
at  apex ;  two  cubital  cells,  the  2nd  receiving  both  recurrent  ner- 
vures, the  1st  near  its  base,  the  2nd  near  its  apex.  Abdomen 
elongate,  cylindrical,  furnished  with  a  dense  pollen-brush  beneath. 


508 


APIDJE. 


Nothing  is  known  of  the  habits  of  the  Oriental  forms. 
I  procured  both  species  on  the  M'et  sand  by  the  banks  of 
streams.  The  European  species  nest  in  the  wood  of  old  posts 
and  rails. 


898.  Heriades  aureocincta,  n.  sp.    (PI.  IV,  fig.  2.) 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  finely  punctured, 
shining ;  clypeus  subtriangular,  convex,  subemarginate  anteriorly, 
with  two  not  very  approximate  shining  blunt  teeth  ;  median  seg- 
ment vertical,  rounded  posteriorly,  not  truncate,  obscui'ely  medially 
carinate,  the  base  narrowly  impuuctate,  shining;  abdomen  with  a 
deep  transverse  narrow  groove  close  to  the  base  of  the  2nd  seg- 
ment. Jet-black  ;  the  face  and  legs  with  a  thin  covering  of  pale 
glittering  soft  hairs ;  the  sculellum  and  postscutellum  covered 
with  dense  fulvo-ferruginous  pubescence,  and  abdominal  segments 
2-5  with  narrow  fringes  of  the  same,  having  a  golden  lustre ;  the 
apical  margin  of  the  1st  segment  broadly  golden  testaceous;  pollen- 
brush  white ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent ;  nervures  and  tegulsB 
dark  brown. 

Hah.  Sikhim,  6000  ft.;  Ta-u  plateau,  Tenasserim,  4000  ft, 
2  .  Length  8-9  ;  e.rj5.  16  mm. 
This  species  perhaps  belongs  to  the  subgenus  Chelostoma,  Latr. 

899.  Heriades  parvnla,  n.  sp. 

$  .  Head  and  thorax  coarsely  and  closely,  abdomen  more  finely 
punctured;  clypeus  broad,  convex,  subtriangular,  its  anterior 
margin  transverse ;  median  segment  longer  proportionately  than  in 
H.  aureocincta,  broadly  transverse  posteriorly ;  base  of  the  abdomen 
slightly  concave,  2nd  segment  with  a  very  fime  transversely  im- 
pressed line.  Jet-black  and  shining ;  the  face  in  front,  the  thorax 
on  the  sides  and  at  the  apex  of  the  median  segment,  and  the 
apical  margins  of  abdominal  segments  1-5  covered  with  white 
pubescence,  forming  very  fine  fringes  to  the  last-named ;  pollen- 
brush  soft  and  white  ;  wings  hyaline  and  u-idescent,  nervures  and 
tegulse  very  dark  brown. 

Hob.  Eangoon,  Biu-ma.    2  .  LengtTi  4-5-5  ;  exp.  8  mm. 


Key  to  the  Sjpecies. 


a.  2  length  8-9  mm.  , 

b.  2  length  4'5-5  mm. 


H.  aureocincta,  p.  508. 
H.  parvula,  p.  608. 


Genus  CffiLIOXYS. 


Coalioxys,  Lcdr.  Gen.  Crust,  et  Ins.  iv,  p.  166  (1809). 

Type,  G.  conicus.  Linn. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 


C(ELIOXTS. 


509 


Head  transverse,  about  as  wide  as  the  thorax,  or  in  some 

species  wider  ;  eyes  pubescent ; 
ocelli  in  a  triangle  on  the  vertex ; 
antennae  filiform ;  labial  palpi 
4-joiuted,  basal  two  joints  elon- 
gate, the  2nd  somewhat  longer 
than  the  1st,  apical  two  minute, 
articulated  at  an  angle  near 
apex  ;  maxillary  palpi  3-jointed, 
basal  joint  shortest,  the  2nd 
Fig.  m.—Ccelioxysbasalis,  2-  h     ^^licker,  apical  joint  ovate  ;  la^ 

brum  elongate,  the  sides  nearly 
parallel,  base  broad  and  produced  at  the  lateral  angles.  Thorax 
short,  more  or  less  globose,  the  scutellum  with  a  lateral  curved 
tooth  at  base;  fore  wing  with  an  elongate  radial  cell  subacute 
at  apex ;  two  cubital  cells  subequal  in  length,  the  2nd  receiv- 
ing the  two  recurrent  uervures  at  base  and  apex  respectively  ; 
the  1st  transverse  cubital  nervure  oblique,  the  2nd  angled  and 
bent  inwards ;  legs  feeble,  slight.  Abdomen  somewhat  elongate, 
conical,  the  base  truncate,  acute  at  apex  (  5  ),  obtuse  dentate  ( cT  )• 
The  male  has  also  the  anterior  coxas  toothed  and  the  claws  bifid. 

The  species  of  CoeKoxi/s  are  parasitic  in  the  nests  of  Megachile. 
I  have  often  watched  G.  basalis  alight  near  the  nest  of  Mega- 
chile lanata,  whUe  the  latter  was  working,  remain  perfectly  still 
until  the  Megachile  had  gone  off  to  collect  fresh  pollen,  then  slip 
in,  turn  round,  and  poke  its  big  head  out  of  the  entrance  to  the 
nest,  which  it  fairly  blocked.  Sometimes  the  Coelioxys  departed 
before  the  Megachile  had  returned,  but  occasionally  remained  in 
the  nest  with  its  head  blocking  up  the  entrance,  and  for  a  long 
time  kept  the  rightful  owner  at  bay  on  her  return  to  the  nest. 

Key  to  the  Species. 
Females. 


A.  Ventral  plate  of  apical  abdominal  segment 

more  or  less  spoon-shaped. 

a.  Scutellum   long,    subangular   in  middle 

posteriorly   C.  decipiens,  p.  510. 

b.  Scutellum  short,  broadly  arched  in  middle 

posteriorly. 

a! .  Second  and  third  abdominal  segments 

with  deep  transverse  grooves    C.fmcipennis,-^.  b\\. 

V.  Second  and  third  abdominal  segments 

not  grooved    C.  angulatus,  p.  511. 

B.  Ventral  plate  of  apical  abdominal  segment 

conical,  more  or  less  acutely  pointed. 

a.  Head  with  rich  fulvous  pubescence   C.  ducalis,  p.  512. 

h.  Plead  with  snow-white  pubescence, 
a'.  Under  9  mm.  long, 
a^.  Front  with  a  medial  vertical  carina  . .  C.  minutus,  p.  512. 
b\  Front  not  carinate    C.  capitatua,  p.  512. 


510 


b'.  Over  11  mm.  long. 

Apical  margin  of  clypeua  with  fulvous 

pubescence   C.  basalis,  p.  513. 

U^.  Apical  margin  of  clypeus  with  white 
pubescence. 

Tarsi  with  golden  pubescence   C.  sexmaculatus,  p.  513. 

6'.  Tarsi  with  white  pubescence. 

a*.  Dorsal  and  ventral  plates  of  apical 
abdominal    segment  equal  or 

nearly  equal    C.  cuneatus,  p.  514. 

6'.  Dorsal  plate  of  apical  abdominal 
segment  much  shorter  than  ven- 
tral plate    C.  confusus,  p.  514. 

Males. 

A.  Apical  abdominal  segment  furnished  with 

4  spinous  teeth. 

a.  Length  7  mm   C.  mtnutus,  p.  512. 

b.  Length  11  mm   C.  cuneatus,  p.  514. 

c.  Length  14  mm   C.  argentifrons,  p.  516. 

B.  Apical  abdominal  segment  with  6  spinous 

teeth. 

a.  Scutellum  comparatively   long,  narrowly 

arched,  subangular  posteriorly    C.  decipiens,  p.  510. 

h.  Scutellum   comparatively    short,  broadly 

arched  posteriorly   C.  confusus,  p.  514. 

C.  Apical  abdominal  segment  with  8  spinous  teeth. 

'rt.  Length  6'5mm   C.  capitatus,  p.  512. 

b.  Length  13  mm   C.  basalis,  p.  513. 

900.  Coelioxys  decipiens.    (PI.  IV,  fig,  1.) 

Spin.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  vii,  1838,  p.  532,  $  S;  Datt-  Ton:  Cat. 
X,  p.  485. 

Coelioxys  apicata,  S7nilh,  Cat.  ii,  p.  267. 

5  .  Head  and  thorax  closely  and  finely,  abdomen  more  minutely 
and  densely  punctured  ;  clypeus  convex,  transverse  anteriorly,  the 
lower  lateral  angles  slightly  produced ;  scutellum  with,  a  strong 
triangular  lateral  tooth,  its  posterior  margin  narrowly  arched, 
almost  angular  in  the  middle  ;  abdomen  with  the  base  of  the  2nd 
and  following  segments  slightly  depressed ;  the  dorsal  plate  of  the 
apical  segment  constricted  towards  the  apex  and  sharply  carinate 
down  the  middle,  the  ventral  plate  broad  spoon-shaped  and 
rounded  at  apex,  which  projects  well  beyond  the  apex  of  the 
dorsal  plate.  Black ;  the  clypeus,  the  face  to  a  little  above  the 
base  of  the  antennee,  the  cheeks  and  occiput,  the  sides  of  the 
thorax,  and  the  apical  margins  of  abdominal  segments  1-5  nar- 
rowly covered  with  snow-white  pubescence ;  these  marginal  bands 
not  or  scarcely  widened  laterally;  wings  hyaline  at  base,  sub- 
fuscous  for  half  their  length  at  apex. 

cJ  similar,  smaller;  the  3rd  abdominal  segment  above  with 
deeply  marked  lateral  transverse  sulcations,  the  hollows  covered 
with  white  pile  ;  the  apical  segment  deeply  indented  at  apex  and 


CCELTOXTS. 


511 


furnished  with  six  teeth,  one  on  each  side  at  base,  thin  and 
acute,  four  apical,  two  above  and  two  below,  stouter,  subequal. 

Hah.  Egypt ;  Aden ;  Punjab  ;  North-West  Provinces  ;  Bengal ; 
Southern  India;  Burma;  Tenasserim,  ?.  Length  11-12;  exp. 
22-25  mm.     6  .  Lenyth  10-11;  ea-y.  20-22  mm. 

901.  Coelioxys  fuscipennis,  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  266,  $;  Ball.  Ton:  Cat. 

X,  p.  487. 

5 .  Head  and  thorax  very  closely  punctured,  cribrate  ;  basal 
abdominal  segments  finely  and  closely  punctured,  2nd  and  3rd 
segment  with  a  deep  transverse  groove  in  the  middle  above,  the 
sides  of  the  groove  smooth  and  shining,  the  base  of  the  segments 
coarsely  and  the  apical  margins  finely  punctured ;  segments  3-6 
finely  and  closely  punctured ;  clypeus  subtriangular,  transverse 
anteriorly,  thinly  pubescent;  scutellum  broadly  rounded  posteriorly, 
the  lateral  teeth  narrow  and  acute  ;  apical  segment  slightly  flat- 
tened, the  dorsal  plate  subacute,  rounded  posteriorly,  with  a  medial 
longitudinal  carina,  and  a  broad  shallow  depression  along  the 
lateral  and  apical  margins ;  ventral  plate  acutely  spoon-shaped, 
slightly  longer  than  the  dorsal  plate.  Black :  the  sides  of  the  face, 
the  front,  cheeks,  and  transverse  bands  on  the  apical  margins  of 
segments  1-5  of  the  abdomen  with  dense,  the  clypeus  and  legs 
with  thin  snow-white  pubescence ;  the  transverse  bands  on  the 
abdomen  broadening  greatly  on  the  sides  and  beneath ;  wings 
fuscous,  subhyaline  towards  their  base. 

Eab.  India  (Smith);  Burma;  Tenasserim.  $  .  Length  12-13; 
exp.  21-23  mm.     c?  unknown. 

902.  Coelioxys  angulatus.  Smith,  Trans.  Zool.  Soc.  vii,  p.  192,  J; 

Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  482. 

5 .  Head,  thorax,  and  basal  abdominal  segment  strongly  and 
closely,  the  rest  of  the  abdomen  more  sparsely  and  lightly  punc- 
tured ;  the  punctures  on  the  head  and  thorax  coarse  but  distinct, 
not  confluent ;  the  apical  abdominal  segment  smooth,  almost  im- 
punctate  above ;  clypeus  broad,  transverse  anteriorly,  the  front 
above  the  antennee  with  a  broad  but  not  well-marked  vertical 
carina ;  the  scutellum  broadly  rounded  posteriorly,  the  lateral 
teeth  acute  and  bent  downwards ;  abdomen  broad,  conical,  the 
apical  segment  comparatively  broad,  rounded  posteriorly ;  the 
ventral  plate  not  or  scarcely  projecting  beyond  the  dorsal  plate. 
Black,  with  white  pubescence,  dense  and  short  on  the  clypeus 
anteriorly,  the  sides  of  the  face,  the  sides  of  the  thorax,  and  legs  ; 
on  the  median  segment  it  is  slightly  longer ;  abdomen  with  broad 
lateral  patches  of  snow-white  short  pubescence,  and  fine  transverse 
bands  of  the  same  along  the  apical  margins  of  segments  1-5 ; 
wings  fusco-hyaline,  clearer  towards  the  base. 

Eab.  Mainpuri,  N.W.P.     $  .  Length  11-13  ;  ex2}.  24  mm. 


512 


903.  Coelioxys  ducalis,  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  267,  ?  ;  Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x, 
1).  485. 

$  .  Head  densely  pubescent,  thorax  very  closely  and  finely 
punctured ;  the  bases  of  the  abdominal  segments,  and  especially  the 
sides  near  the  base,  finely  and  closely,  the  apical  margins  coarsely 
and  more  sparsely  punctured,  the  apical  segment  above  dull 
opaque,  very  minutely  and  densely  punctured ;  clypeus  subtrian- 
gular,  its  anterior  mai'gin  widely  arched;  mesonotum  with  a  medial 
longitudinal,  short  and  rather  obscure  carina  on  the  disc  posteriorly, 
an  impressed  longitudinal  line  on  each  side  of  it  and  another 
impressed  longitudinal  line  at  both  sides  near  the  tegulae ;  apical 
abdominal  segment  acutely  narrowed,  the  ventral  plate  longer  than 
the  dorsal  and  ciliated  on  each  side  with  very  short  stiff  hairs, 
giving  it  the  appearance  of  being  minutely  serrate.  Black ;  the 
head  covered  with  a  rich  fulvous  pubescence,  slightly  fuscous  on 
the  posterior  margin  of  the  cheeks  ;  antennae  piceous ;  abdominal 
segments  2-5  with  indications  of  lateral  white  pubescent  spots  at 
then'  bases ;  wings  dark  fuscous,  with  a  brilHant  coppery  efful- 
gence. 

Rab.  India?  (SmitJi).     $  .  Lenc/tTi  22;  exjo.  39  mm. 

904.  Coelioxys  minutus,  Smith,  Neio  Sp.  Hym.  B.  Af.p.  106,  §  ;  Ball. 

Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  488. 

5  .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  0.  capitatus.  Smith  ;  differs 
in  the  head  and  thorax  being  more  sparsely  pimctured,  the  fi'ont 
from  beneath  the  anterior  ocellus  to  halfway  down  the  clypeus 
with  a  distinct  fine  carina,  the  pubescent  spots  on  the  mesonotum 
anteriorly  and  at  the  base  of  the  scutellum  wantmg,  the  dorsal 
plate  of  the  apical  abdominal  segment  much  shorter  than  the 
ventral,  both  tapering  to  a  point. 

d  similar  to  the  female :  differs  from  the  male  of  C.  capitatus 
in  the  apical  segment  being  furnished  with  only  four  teeth  or 
spines  and  a  lateral  spine  on  the  5th  ventral  segment. 

Bab.  Bombay ;  Malabar  ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim.  $  .  Length 
7-5-8  ;  exp.  15-16  mm.     <S  .  Lemjth  7;  exp.  15  mm. 

905.  Coelioxys  capitatus,  Stnith,  Ca^ii,p.  267,  $  S  ;  Dull.  Torr.  Gat. 

X,  p.  483. 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  very  broad,  the  former  subquadrate,  both 
closely  and  very  coarsely  punctured;  abdomen  acutely  conical, 
more  finely  punctured,  the  punctures  on  the  basal  segment 
densest ;  clypeus  flat  anteriorly,  nearly  transverse ;  scutellura  with 
two  minute  medial  teeth  and  a  large  blunt  tooth  on  each  side  at 
the  lateral  angles  posteriorly;  apical  abdominal  segment  acutely 
pointed,  its  dorsal  plate  medially  carinate  on  its  apical  half, 
ventral  plate  acutely  pomted  and  notched  at  extreme  apex,  pro- 
jecting considerably  beyond  the  dorsal  plate.  Jet-black;  the 
clypeus  thinly,  the  front,  cheeks,  two  spots  on  the  mesonotum 
anteriorly,  two  spots  at  the  base  of  the  scutellum,  one  on  each 
tegula,  the  sides  of  the  thorax,  the  legs  more  or  less,  and  transverse 


OCELIOXTS. 


513 


fascite,  narrow  in  the  middle,  wide  laterally,  on  the  apical  margins 
o£  abdominal  segments  1-5  covered  with  dense  white  pile;  the 
legs  dark  ferruginous ;  wings  hyaline  at  base,  fuscous  towards 
their  apical  margins. 

d"  similar,  the  legs  often  black ;  apical  abdominal  segment 
armed  with  eight  spinous  teeth,  one  on  each  side  at  base  and  six 
terminal,  four  above  and  two  below. 

Hob.  Northern  India ;  Bengal ;  Ceylon ;  Burma ;  Teuasserim. 
$  .  LewjtJi  7 ;  exp.  13  mm.     J  .  Length  6'5  ;  exp.  13  mm. 

906.  Coelioxys  basalis,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soe.  1875,  p.  48,  cj  $  ;  Dall. 
Ton:  Cat.  x,  p,  483. 

$ .  Head  above  and  thorax  closely  and  finely  punctured,  with  a 
tendency  on  the  mesonotum  to  run  into  irregular  strise ;  clypeus 
slightly  convex,  rounded  anteriorly,  the  space  between  the  antenna 
and  narrowly  up  the  front  to  the  anterior  ocellus  raised  and 
medially  carinated ;  scutellum  evenly  rounded  posteriorly,  each  of 
its  lateral  angles  furnished  with  a  strong  downward-bent  tootjj  ,• 
abdomen  shining,  elongate,  the  base  of  the  segments  lightly,  the 
apical  half  strongly  and  evenly  punctured;  the  apical  segment 
with  its  dorsal  plate  strongly  compressed,  cylindrical,  sparsely  and 
finely  punctured,  bearing  a  fine  medial  longitudinal  carina  on  its 
apical  half ;  ventral  plate  also  compressed,  projecting  beyond  the 
dorsal  plate,  the  apex  of  both  dorsal  and  ventral  plates  acute. 
Black,  the  margin  of  the  clypeus  with  fulvous  pubescence;  the 
rest  of  the  clypeus  and  front,  the  cheeks,  a  line  over  the  tegulae,  a 
tuft  behind  and  beneath  them,  and  the  apical  margins,  slightly 
widening  laterally,  of  abdominal  segments  1-5  covered  with  snow- 
white  pubescence :  the  legs  with  a  thin  white  pile ;  wings  clear 
hyaline  on  their  basal,  dark  fuscous  with  purple  effulgence  on 
their  apical  halves. 

d  similar,  smaller ;  segments  2-5  of  the  abdomen  with  lateral 
abbreviated  transverse  grooves  near  their  bases ;  the  apical  segment 
armed  with  eight  teeth,  one  on  each  side  at  base  and  six  terminal, 
four  above  and  two  below ;  the  pubescence  on  the  clypeus  entirely 
white  ;  the  pubescent  bands  on  the  abdomen  widening  a  good  deal 
laterally. 

Hab.  Bengal ;  Bangalore,  Southern  India ;  Burma ;  Teuasserim. 
$  .  Length  15-16 ;  exp.  25-26  mm.    d .  Length  13 ;  exj:).  24  mm. 

*907.  Coelioxys  sexmacidatus,  Cmn.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soo  xli 
1897.  ■  ' 

"  ?  .  Head  on  the  vertex  and  front,  pronotum,  mesonotum, 
scutellum,  the  basal  and  the  apical  segments  of  the  abdomen 
punctured,  coarsely  on  the  mesonotum,  more  finely  and  closely  on 
the  scutellum ;  the  transverse  furrow  on  the  2nd  abdominal 
segment  rugose;  the  apical  segment  with  a  central  longitudinal 
carina,  thickening  towards  the  apex,  which  is  depressed  on  each 
side  of  it;  the  scutellar  spines  stout.  Black;  the  head  in  front 
and  the  sides  of  the  thorax  densely  covered  with  snow-white 

VOL.  I.  2  i 


514 


APIDiE. 


pubescence  ;  two  spots  at  the  base  of  the  mesonotum,  two  smaller 
behind  the  tegiilfe,  two  at  the  base  of  the  scutellum,  a  line  on  the 
apical  margin  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment,  a  central  longitudinal 
line  on  its  ventral  side,  and  the  apical  margins  of  the  remaining 
ventral  segments  covered  with  white  pubescence ;  tarsi  of  the  legs 
with  short  golden  pubescence;  wings  hyaline  at  base,  fuscous 
towards  the  apex. 

''Hah.  Barrackpore.     ?.  Lengtli  II  mm." 

908.  Coelioxys  cuneatus,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  49,  $ ;  Dull. 
Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  485. 

2  .  Head  and  thorax  densely  and  not  very  coarsely,  abdomen 
more  finely  and  sparsely  punctured;  punctures  on  the  apical 
segment  above  very  close  and  minute,  giving  it  an  opaque  appear- 
ance ;  clypeus  slightly  convex  and  densely  pubescent ;  scutellum 
short',  narrow,  very  slightly  arched  posteriorly,  nearly  transverse, 
the  lateral  teeth  short  and  blunt;  apical  abdominal  segment 
strongly  convex  for  two-thirds  of  its  length  from  base,  the  apical 
third  suddenly  narrowed,  acute  at  apex  and  bearing  a  medial  longi- 
tudinal carina  above ;  the  ventral  plate  very  slightly  longer  than  the 
dorsal.  Black ;  the  head  in  front,  clypeus  and  cheeks,  the  sides 
of  the  thorax,  and  narrow,  transverse,  uninterrupted  bands  on  the 
apical  margins  of  segments  1-5  of  the  abdomen  with  dense  snow- 
white  pubescence ;  wings  slightly  fuscous,  hyaline  at  base. 

cJ  similar;  the  abdomen  more  densely  and  finely  punctured,  the 
basal  three  segments  with  narrow  but  deep  transverse  grooves,  the 
apical  margins  of  segments  1-5  narrowly  recurved,  the  apical 
segment  deeply  grooved  at  apex  and  armed  with  four  teeth,  and  a 
lateral  tooth  on  the  5th  ventral  segment.         ,  ^ ,  ,  „  ,  „ 

Hab.  Barrackpore  ;  Tenasserim.  ?  .  LengtJi  11-12  ;  e.vp.  iJ- 
20  mm.     c?  .  Length  11 ;  exp.  19  mm. 

909.  Coelioxys  confusus,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  50,  ?;  Dall. 
Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  484. 
0    Head  and  thorax  coarsely  cribrately  pimctured,  the  poste- 
rior margin  of  the  scuteUum  narrowly  smooth  ;  abdomen  sparsely 
and  finely  punctured,  the  punctm-es  most  dense  on  the  basal 
segment;  clypeus  slightly  convex,,  very  large  transverse  ante- 
riorly ;  scuteUum  comparatively  short,  rounded  posteriorly,  the 
lateral  teeth  short  and  acute;   abdomen  sharply  conical,  at- 
tenuated at  apex;  the  dorsal  plate  of  the  apical  segment^acute, 
medially  carinated  towards  apex,  with  a  depression  on  each  side, 
ventral Vte  projecting  beyond  dorsal  plate,  extremely  narrow 
and  fine     Black  •  the  clypeus,  face,  cheeks,  sides  of  the  thorax 
and  legs' with  a  thin  white  pubescence,  a  pubescent  white  spot 
Shind^the  tegulaof  each  wing  and  another  at  the  lateral  basa 
an^e  of  the  scutellum  ;  wings  dark  fuscous  beyond  the  1st  cubital 

"'^^Srf  the  tpical  segment  divided  by  a  deep  groove  at  apex 
ami  armed  wi:th  six  teeth,  thi  5th  segment  with  a  sharp  lateral  spine. 


OCEI/IOXYS. — MBLECTA. 


515 


Hob.  Luckaow ;  Barrackpore ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ;  Ceylon. 
5  .  Length  12 ;  exj).  22  mm.    c?  .  Length  11 ;  exp.  22  mm. 

910.  CoBlioxys  argentifrons,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  p.  48,  d  ; 

Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  482. 

cJ .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  shining,  finely  punctured,  the 
punctures  on  the  head  and  thorax  very  dense  and  somewhat  larger 
than  on  the  abdomen,  the  punctures  most  sparse  in  the  middle  of 
the  segments  of  the  latter ;  clypeus  broad,  very  slightly  convex,  its 
anterior  margin  transverse ;  scutellum  narrowly  rounded,  almost 
subangular  posteriorly,  the  lateral  teeth  broad  and  blunt;  abdo- 
men with  segments  2-5  laterally  slightly  excavated,  the  hollows 
transverse  and  pubescent ;  the  margins  of  segments  1-5  narrowly 
smooth,  polished,  and  recurved,  the  6th  segment  produced  into 
two  broad  teeth  with  a  deep  hollow  between,  the  teeth  at  apex 
emarginate,  the  5th  segment  with  a  small  lateral  tooth  beneath. 
Black;  the  clypeus,  face,  cheeks,  sides  of  the  thorax,  sides  and 
apex  of  the  median  segment,  apical  margins  and  lateral  basal 
hollows  of  the  abdominal  segments  with  snow-white  pubescence ; 
wings  hght  fuscous,  becoming  clear  hyaline  at  base. 

Ifab.   Barrackpore,  Bengal.     iS .   Length  14 ;   exjp.  25  mm, 
$  unknown. 

Genus  MELECTA. 

Melecta,  Zat?:  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  xiv,  p.  48  (1805). 
Crocisa,  pt.,  Jurine,  Hym.  p.  239  (1807). 
Symmorpha,  Elug,  Illig.  Mag.,  Ins.  vi,  p.  227  (1807). 

Type,  Melecta  liictiwsa,  Scop. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  transverse,  narrower  than  the  thorax ;  oceUi  in  a  curve  on 
the  vertex ;  antennas  longish,  fiHform,  basal 
joint  of  flagellum  clavate;  labial  palpi  4-jointed, 
basal  joint  thrice  the  length  of  the  2nd,  apical 
two  minute;  maxiUary  palpi  5-join ted.  Thorax 
subglobose,  the  scutellum  bidentate ;  fore  wing 
with  the  marginal  cell  narrow,  rounded  both 
at  base  and  apex ;  three  cubital  cells,  the  1st 
the  largest,  the  2nd  very  strongly  contracted 
Fig.  112.— Melecta      towards  the  radial,  receiving  the  1st  recurrent 
Mmalayana,  J.   f.     nervure  past  the  middle,  the  2nd  transverse 
cubital  nervure  angled  and  bent  inwards ;  the 
3rd  cubital  cell  arched  outwards,  receiving  the  2nd  recurrent 
nervure  about  the  middle;  legs  moderately  long,  pubescent,  the 
pubescence  dense  and  short.    Abdomen  conical  at  apex,  truncate 
at  base. 

So  far  as  I  know,  no  species  of  Melecta  has  hitherto  been  recorded 
from  India,  and  nothing  is  known  of  the  habits  of  the  one  species 
here  described ;  the  European  M.  luctuosa  is  known  to  be  parasitic 
on  Anthophora. 

2l  2 


516 


APIDJE. 


911.  Melecta  himalayana,  n.  sp. 

$  .  Densely  pubescent ;  the  thorax,  underneath  the  pubescence, 
very  closely  and  finely  punctured ;  the  vertex  of  the  head  and  base  of 
the"  segments  of  the  abdomen  smooth.  Head  and  abdomen,  under- 
neath the  pubescence,  alutaceous ;  thorax  black ;  the  clypeus,  the 
face  below  the  antennae  and  along  the  inner  orbits  of  the  eyes,  and 
the  thorax  covered  with  long  silky  pale  yellow  pubescence ;  the 
front  below  the  vertex  and  a  broad  transverse  stripe  between  the 
wings  with  pale  brown  pubescence ;  the  antennse  and  legs  alutaceous, 
the  front  of  the  scape  and  the  outside  of  the  interniediate  and 
posterior  legs  clothed  with  brown  pubescence ;  wings  hyaline,  shghtly 
iridescent,  with  a  brownish  tint,  the  nervures  and  tegulse  brown  ; 
abdomen  with  the  base  of  the  1st  and  2nd  segments  sparsely,  then- 
margins  and  the  apical  segments  densely,  clothed  with  rich  ferru- 
ginous pubescence.  ,  , ,    ,       ,     j_  ^,    tt-  i 

Hah.  Kumaun,  5000  ft.,  and  probably  throughout  the  Himalayas 
at  and  above  that  altitude.    $  .  Length  14 ;  exp.  23  mm. 


Genus  CEOCISA. 
Crocisa,  Jdrini,  Bym.  p.  239  (1807). 
Type,  Crocisa  histrio,  Tabr. 

Range.  Europe,  Africa,  and  the  Oriental  region.  . 
Head  not  so  wide  as  the  thorax,  transverse  ;  eyes  strongly 
narrowed  and  contracted  above ;  face  below  the  bases  of  the  antennae 

and  the  clypeus  subporrect,  labrum 
bent  downwards  at  an  angle  to  the 
margin  of  the  clypeus  ;  mandibles 
narrow, simple, acute  at  apex;  mentum 
and  labrum  of  about  equal  length; 
labial  palpi  5-jomted,  the  basal  joint 
e^out^ate,  full  half  the  length  of  the 
mentum,  the  2nd  less  than  half  the 
length  of  the  basal  joint,  the  3rd 
half  the  length  of  the  2nd ;  the  apical 
two  minute,  articulated  on  one  side 
of  apex  of  3rd  joint ;  maxillary  palpi 
2-jointed.    Thorax  short;  scutellum 
flat,  produced  into  a  plate  posteriorly 
and  emarginate  ;    legs  moderately 
stout :  wings  broad  and  ample  ;  fore 
wing  with  the  radial   cell  narrow, 
rounded  at  base  and  apex  ;  three 
cubital  cells,  the  1st  measured  on  the 
cubital  uervure  equal  in  length  to  the 
2nd  and  3rd  united ;  the  2nd  strongly 
constricted  towards  the  radial  cell  by  the  very  marked  curving 
inwards  above  of  the  2nd  transverse  cubital  ner^re ;  the  Jra 
subcrescentic;  the  3rd  transverse  cubital  nervure  having  a  curve 


Fig.  173. — Crocisa.  1,  maxilla ; 
2,  labium.    (Much  enlarged.) 


cnooiSA. 


517 


parallel  to  the  carve  of  the  2nd  transverse  cubital  nervure ;  the 
2nd  and  3rd  cubital  cells  each  receive  a  recurrent  nervure  past 
the  middle.    Abdomen  conical,  sharply  acute  at  apex. 

So  far  as  I  know,  the  Indian  species  of  Crocisa  are  parasitic  in 
the  nests  of  Antliophora  only.  Though  comparatively  small,  the 
species  are  very  conspicuous  even  on  tbe  wing,  from  the  blue  or 
white  banding  or  spotting  of  tiie  abdomen. 

Key  to  tlie  Sjoecies. 

A,  Fore  wing  fuscous,  with  a  few  hyaline  spots 

on  disc. 

a.  ScuteUum  posteriorly  with  a  shallow 

shaped  emargiuation ;  pubescence  blue  .  . 

b.  Scutellum  posteriorly  with  a  deep  A-shaped 

emargination ;  pubescence  white. 
a'.  Lateral  spot  on  ^nd  abdominal  segment 

simple,  with  no  prolongation  anteriorly. 
b'.  Lateral  spot  on  2nd  abdominal  segment 

with  an  L-shaped  branch  prolonged 

anteriorly   

c.  Scutellum  posteriorly  with  a  regular  arched 

and  wide  emargiuation   

B.  Fore  wing  subhyaline,  apical  margin  broadly 

fuscous   


C.  emarginata,  p.  517. 

C.  histrio,  p.  518. 

C.  ramosa,  p.  618. 
C.  minuta,  p.  519. 
C.  massurii,  p.  519. 


912.  Crocisa  emarginata,  Lepel  Hym.  ii,  p.  449,  $  S  ■ 

Crocisa  decora,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  n.  s.  ii,  1852,  p.  41,  5  . 
Crocisa  elegans,  Smith  {nec  Mocsary),  New  8p,  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  107, 
$• 

?  Crocisa  himalayensis,  Had.  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.  n.  s.  vii,  1894, 
p.  171. 

5 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured, 
each  puncture,  except  on  the  front  immediately  below  the  ocelli, 
emitting  a  decumbent  short  hair,  often  in  parts  abraded  ;  clypeus 
slightly  convex,  the  antennal  ridge  sometimes  well  developed,  some- 
times small ;  the  scutellum  posteriorly  with  a  -^-shaped  incision, 
sometimes  deeper,  sometimes  shallower,  but  never  A-shaped  as  in 
C.  histrio.  Black ;  the  clypeus,  the  face  on  each  side  between  and 
above  the  bases  of  the  antennae,  the  occiput  and  cheeks,  an  ill- 
defined  spot  on  each  side  of  the  pronotum  spreading  on  to  the 
mesonotum,  a  medial  abbreviated  longitudinal  streak  on  tbe  latter, 
a  spot  on  each  side  of  it,  a  bent  Ime  over  the  tegulsB  (sometimes 
reduced  to  a  spot)  curving  round  to  but  not  meeting  at  the  apex 
of  the  mesonotum,  a  medial  spot  above  the  emargiuation  at  the 
apex  of  the  scutellum,  or  a  spot  on  each  side  of  the  emargiuation 
(these  spots  in  the  majority  of  specimens  are  absent),  a  large 
square  ill-defined  patch  under  and  a  little  before  the  base  of  the 
wings,  a  stripe  on  each  of  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  above  (the  latter  stripes 
very  often  wanting),  two  broad  lateral  spots,  emarginate  within, 
on  the  basal  abdominal  segment,  and  elongate  maculae  on  each 


518 


side  of  the  other  segments  (apical  excepted),  of  dense  short  pubes- 
cence, varying  in  colom*  from  rich  dark  bhie  to  pale  bluish-white, 
the  inner  branches  of  the  emarginations  on  the  1st  abdominal 
segment  often  stretching  out  and  forming  a  continuous  broad  band 
at  the  base  of  the  abdomen ;  fore  wing  dark  fuscous  with  a  purple 
effulgence,  and  a  few  hyaline  spots  above  the  cubital  cells ;  hind 
wing  much  paler,  sometimes  entirely  hyaline. 

cJ  similar ;  the  6th  abdominal  segment  with  or  without  a 
lateral  spot  of  blue  pubescence. 

Hah.  Sikhim  ;  Calcutta ;  Bombay  ;  Malabar ;  Ceylon ;  Burma ; 
Tenasserim ;  on  the  west  extending  to  South  Africa,  on  the  east 
to  China  and  the  Malay  Archipelago.  ?  .  Length  10-15 ;  exji. 
23-28  mm.     6  ■  Length  9-13  ;  exp.  24-29  mm. 

913.  Crocisa  histrio. 

Nomada  histrio,  Fabi:  Sijst.  Ent.  p.  388. 
Crocisa  histrio,  Ball.  Tory.  Cat.  x,  p.  320. 

$ .  Head  above  the  antennaD  finely  and  closely  punctured  ; 
thorax  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  aciculate  ;  anteunal  carina 
prominent ;  scutellum  with  a  A-shaped  incision  at  apex.    Black ; 

the  clypeus  thinly,  the  sides  of  the 
face,  the  cheeks,  and  a  spot  on  each 
side  on  the  occiput  covered  with  dense 
white  pubescence ;  a  spot  on  each  side 
of  the  pronotum  spreading  to  the 
mesonotum,  a  medial  short  longitudinal 
line  on  the  latter  anteriorly,  a  spot  on 
each  side  of  it,  a  spot  over  each  tegula, 
■pj  a  spot  on  it  posteriorly,  a  spot  on  each 

Crocisa  Msirio,' 2  ■   I-        side  of  the  mesonotum  at  apex,  a  spot 

beneath  the  A-shaped  incision,  a  broad 
line  under  the  base  of  the  wings  reaching  posteriorly  to  the  median 
segment,  a  broader  patch  anteriorly  on  the  mesopleurse,  a  broad 
line  on  the  tibise  and  the  basal  joint  of  the  tarsi  above,  and  lateral 
spots  on  abdominal  segments  1-5  above,  covered  with  dense  snow- 
white  pubescence  ;  the  spot  on  the  1st  segment  elongate  and  pro- 
duced perpendicularlv  at  its  posterior  margin  ;  fore  wdng  dark 
fuscous,  with  some  hyaline  spots  on  the  disc ;  hind  wing  hyaline, 
fuscescent  at  apex. 

d  similar ;  a  lateral  spot  on  the  6th  abdominal  segment  also. 
Hob.  N.W.  Provinces ;  Bengal;  Southern  India.     ?  d-  Length 
15-17  ;  ex2:).  30-34  mm. 

914.  Crocisa  ramosa,  Lepel  Ifym.n,^.451 ;  Dall.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  321. 

$  c?  •  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  0.  Mstno,  Fabr.,  but  a 
shorter,  broader  insect  proportionately;  the  incision  on  the  scutellum 
posteriorly  broader  :  the  face  and  clypeus  more  densely  pubescent ; 
the  lateral  spot  on  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  always  produced 
anteriorly  ;  the  wings  slightly  paler  in  colour. 


CBOCISA. 


519 


iTflZ).  Kumaun ;  Bombay  ;  Madras ;  Ceylon  ;  Burma.  2  d  • 
Lmgili  10-13;  exp.  25-26  mm.  This  is  a  widespread  species, 
occurring  also  in  Europe,  Egypt,  Arabia,  and  South  Africa.  I  can 
find  no  differences  between  it  and  C.  Mstrio  except  those  mentioned 
above,  which  are  constant  in  a  large  series  examined. 

*915.  Crocisa  minuta.  Bad.  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.  n.  s.  vii,  1894,  p.  168, 
$  <5;  Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  321. 

"  2  .  Black.  Head  covered  vnth  white  pubescence.  Two  large 
spots  on  the  margin  of  the  thorax,  with  a  longitudinal  medial  line, 
two  spots  on  the  back  and  two  on  the  posterior  margin,  a  line 
bordering  the  tegulce,  another  on  the  tegulsB,  and  a  third  under  the 
wings,  all  of  white  pubescence;  surface  of  the  scutellum  flat, 
posterior  margin  widely  emarginate.  Abdomen  dull,  the  posterior 
margins  of  the  segments  with  a  line  of  white  pubescence  inter- 
rupted in  the  middle ;  on  each  side  of  the  basal  two  segments 
these  lines  give  place  to  a  perpendicular  line ;  the  2nd,  3rd,  and 
4th  ventral  segments  mth,  on  each  side,  a  spot  of  white  pubes- 
cence. The  tibiae  and  two  joints  of  the  tarsi  above  covered  with 
white  hairs.    Anterior  wings  smoky. 

"  resembles  the  female ;  the  6th  abdominal  segment  vidth 
two  white  spots. 

"  Mab.  Mussooree,  N.W.  Provinces,  India.  $  6 .  Length 
8  mm." 

916.  Crocisa  massurii,  Had.  Bull.  Soe.  Nat.  Mosc.  n.  s.  vii,  1894,  p.  169, 
$  cJ  ;  ^all.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  321. 

5 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured, 
pubescent ;  scutellum  with  its  posterior  margin  widely  and  not 
very  deeply  emarginate,  the  emargination  forming  a  perfect  arch, 
in  some  specimens  with  a  slight  further  incision  in  the  middle. 
Black  ;  the  head  except  on  the  vertex,  the  prouotum,  a  line  along 
the  sides  of  the  mesonotum  passing  by  the  tegulte  and  continued 
along  the  base  of  the  scutellum,  a  medial  line  with  a  spot  on  each 
side  on  the  mesonotiun  anteriorly,  a  broad  band  underneath  the 
wings,  a  broad  longitudinal  spot  on  each  side  of  the  basal  two 
abdominal  segments,  each  spot  on  the  1st  segment  giving  out 
two  perpendicular  lines  not  meeting  in  the  middle  of  the  segment 
above,  and  that  on  the  2nd  segment  giving  out  one  perpendicular 
line  also  not  meeting  above,  and  elongate  spots  on  each  side  of 
the  rest  of  the  segments  (apical  segment  excepted)  covered  with 
bluish-white  pubescence ;  legs  variegated  on  the  tibia3  and  tarsi 
above  with  hke  pubescence;  wings  subhyahne,  broadly  fuscous 
along  their  apical  margins. 

(5  similar ;  a  spot  on  each  side  of  the  6th  segment  of  bluish- 
white- pubescence. 

Hab.  Mussooree;  Kumaun;  Sikhim  (1800  ft.).  ^  .  LengtJi  13 ; 
exj).  24  mm.         Length  10-11*5;  c.rp.  21-22  mm. 


620 


APIDJE. 


Genus  TETRALONIA. 

Tetralonia,  Spin.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  vii,  p.  538  (1838). 

Type,  T.  basizona,  Spin. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  transverse,  not  so  wide  as  the  thorax  ;  inner  orbits  of  eyes 
parallel,  ocelli  almost  in  a  line  on  the  vertex  ;  antennsB  filiform,  of 
extraordinary  length  in  the  male ;  clypeus  subporrect,  labrum  prom- 
inent, placed  at  an  angle  to  the  clypeus ;  labial 
palpi   4-jointed,  maxillary  palpi  6-jointed, 
Thorax  broad,  depressed  ;   fore  wing  wAth 
the  marginal  cell  subacute  at  apex,  the  apex 
not  approximate  to  the  costal  margin  ;  three 
cubital  ceUs,  the  2nd  the  smallest,  receiving 
the  1st  recurrent  nervure  near  the  apex,  the 
1st  transverse  cubital  nervure  oblique,  the 
2nd  almost  vertical,  the  3rd  strongly  bent 
Fig.  175. — Tetralonia  inwards,  making  the  3rd  cubital  cell  at  top 
diivaucelii,  S-   t-      about  half  the  length  it  is  below,  the  2nd 
recurrent  nervure  received  very  nearly  at  the 
apex  of  the  3rd  cubital  cell ;  legs  shght,  the  posterior  tibias  not 
so  densely  pubescent  as  in  the  genus  AntliopTiora.    Abdomen  short, 
broad,  depressed,  subcordate. 

Nothing  is  known  of  the  habits  of  the  two  Indian  species  of 
this  genus. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

a.  Clypeus  yellow    T.  duvaucelii,  p.  620. 

b.  Clypeus  black   T.  himalayensis,  p.  521. 

917.  Tetralonia  duvaucelii,  Lepel.  Hym.  ii,  p.  98,  c? . 

Tetralonia  elegans,  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  302,  S  ;  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x, 
p.  232. 

c?  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  pubescent ;  the  clypeus 
nearly  square,  very  shghtly  emarginate  anteriorly,  and  very  lightly- 
punctured  ;  thorax  above  under  the  pubescence  closely  and 
more  strongly  punctured  ;  abdomen  ^vith  the  apical  margins  of 
segments  1-5  non-pubescent  and  very  finely  aciculate.  Black; 
the  face  below  the  base  of  the  antennae,  the  clypeus,  labrum,  and 
mandibles  at  base  yellow,  the  latter  at  apex  and  the  3rd  a7jd 
following  joints  of  the  flageUum  of  the  antennae  testaceous  red ; 
the  face  above  the  bases  of  the  antennce,  the  cheeks  and  occiput, 
the  thorax,  and  base  of  the  abdomen  with  pale  fulvous-yellow 
pubescence,  that  on  the  legs  silvery ;  base  of  abdominal  segments 
2-4  with  transverse  fasciae  of  white,  the  5th  segment  entirely 
covered  with  white,  and  the  6th  and  apical  segments  with  fuscous^ 
pubescence;  wings  hyaline,  faintly  clouded  at  their  apical  mai'gins. 

Var.  The  pubescence  more  or  less  fulvous. 

Hal.   India  (Smith)  ;    Kumaun  (Miss  A.  Brooh) ;  Bombay. 
J  .  Length  10-11 ;  exj).  18  mm.     2  unknown. 


TBTEA  LONIA. — HABKOPODA. 


521 


918.  Tetralonia  himalayensis,  n.  sp. 

J .  Head  and  thorax  densely  pubescent,  abdomen  nearly  bare 
(probably  due  partly  to  attrition),  head  and  the  disc  o£  the 
mesonotum  under  the  pubescence  closely  and  somewhat  coarsely 
punctiu-ed ;  base  of  the  1st  abdominal  segment  rather  coarsely, 
of  the  remaining  segments  finely  and  densely  punctured ;  clypeus 
widely  emarginate  anteriorly ;  antennsD  moniliform,  as  long  as  the 
thorax  and  abdomen  united.  Black  ;  the  pubescence  on  the  face 
below  the  base  of  the  antennae  sordid  white,  on  the  head  above, 
thorax,  legs,  and  base  of  the  abdomen  fulvous-brown,  abdominal 
segments  2-4  at  base  above  with  traces  of  white  pubescent  fasciae ; 
wings  hyaline,  nervures  and  tegulae  testaceous. 

Hah.  Kumaun  {Miss  A.  Brook),  c? .  Length  13 ;  exp.  24  mm, 
2  unknown.    Type  in  the  British  Museum. 

Genus  HABEOPODA. 

Hatrophora,  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  318  (1854). 
Habropoda,  Smith,  t.  c.  p.  320  (note). 

Type,  II.  zonatula,  Smith. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  transverse,  the  front  below  the  base  of  the  antennse  and 
the  clypeus  raised,  subporrect,  the  labrum  bent  at  an  angle  to  the 
clypeus  ;  the  antennae  filiform ;  the  ocelli  in  a  triangle  on  the  vertex 


1  2  4 

Fig.  176. — Habropoda.    1,  Maxilla  ;  2,  labium  ;  3,  mandible  ; 
4,  labrum.    (Much  enlarged.) 

eyes  in  the  male  proportionately  larger  and  closer  together  than  in 
the  female  ;  labial  palpi  4- jointed,  the  basal  joint  equal  in  length 
to  the  2nd,  the  apical  two  minute,  articulated  to  the  side  near  the 
apex  of  the  2nd  joint ;  maxillary  palpi  6-jointed,  the  basal  joint 
much  shorter  than  the  2nd,  the  3rd  slightly  longer  than  the  1st, 


522 


Al'IDyE. 


the  apical  three  joints  each  in  succession  shorter  than  the  preceding. 
Thorax  broad,  orbicular  or  ovate ;  legs  stout ;  in  the  female  the 
posterior  tibite  flattened  with  tlieir  apex  above  produced  on  the 
inside  of  the  basal  joint  of  tarsi*;  in  the  male  posterior  femora  more 
or  less  swollen,  posterior  tibiae  flattened  with  tlieir  apex  beneath 
produced ;  fore  wing  with  the  radial  cell  long,  the  apex  acute 
in  females,  rounded  in  the  males  ;  three  cubital  cells,  the  2nd  and 
3rd  subequal,  the  2nd  more  or  less  quadrate,  the  1st  recurrent 
nervure  interstitial  with  the  2nd  transverse  cubital  nervure,  the 
2nd  recurrent  nervure  received  very  nearly  at  the  apex  of  the  3rd 
cubital  cell.    Abdomen  broad  at  base,  acutely  conical  at  apex. 

Nothing  is  on  record  of  the  habits  of  the  Indian  species,  but 
they  probably  resemble  those  of  Anthojphora. 


Key  to  the  Species  f. 

a.  Pubescence  hoary  white,  in  some  specimens 

fuscous  grey    H.  radoszkotoskii,  p.  622, 

h.  Pubescence  pale  fulvous. 

«'.  Abdomen  entirely  pale  honey-yellow  .  .    H.  moelleri,  p.  523. 
b'.  Abdomen  blncli,  margins  of  segments 

1-6  and  whole  of  7th  testaceous   S.  mayrettii,  p.  523. 


919.  Habropoda  radoszkowskii. 

Habropoda  montana,  Rad.  [nee  Cress.)  Wiadom.  z  nauk  Przyrod. 

1882,  pt.  ii,  p.  76. 
Podalirius  radoszkowskii,  Dull.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  285. 

$  .  Head  above,  the  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely,  the  face 
below  the  base  of  the  antennce  and  the  clypeus  thinly  pubescent ; 
the  last  rugosely  punctured,  bearing  a  short  medial  vertical  carina 

at  base,  the  apex  margined,  and 
just  above  it  in  the  middle  a  small 
bare  triangular  space,  sometimes 
slightly  depressed  and  often  re- 
duced much  in  size ;  the  posterior 
tibisB  much  flattened,  and  bare  and 
smooth  on  the  inside,  the  apex  pro- 
duced over  and  on  the  inside  of 
the  basal  joint  of  the  tarsi ;  abdo- 
men broad,  acutely  conical  at  apex. 
Black ;  the  triangular  spot  on  the 
clypeus  pale  yellow ;  pubescence 
from  hoary  to  fuscous-grey,  turning  to  ferruginous  towards  the 
apex  of  the  abdomen  above ;  on  the  outside  of  the  intermediate 
and  posterior  tibiae  and  of  all  the  tarsi  it  is  very  dense  and 
glittering  bright  ferruginous  ;  wings  fusco-hyaline,  nervures  and 
tegulse  testaceous. 


Fig.  177. 

Habropoda  radoszkowsMi,  5  • 


*  I  have  described  the  characters  as  found  in  the  Indian  species, 
t  A  key  to  the  males  only  can  be  given,  as  the  female  of  but  one  species  is 
known. 


HABROPODA. — ANTHOPHOBA. 


523 


c?  similar,  the  legs  longer;  the  yellow  spot  on  the  clypeus 
elongate,  becoming  almost  a  medial  streak  ;  the  apical  margins  of 
abdominal  segments  1-5  broadly  pale  testaceous;  the  posterior 
femora  very  slightly  swollen,  each  posterior  tibia  produced  at  its 
inferior  apex  into  a  compressed,  thin,  rounded  plate. 

Eah.  The  Himalayas  from  Sikhim  to  Simla,  above  4000  feet, 
$  cJ.  Lentjth  13-16;  exp.  29-35  mm. 

920.  Habropoda  magrettii,  n.  sp.    (PI.  IV,  fig.  6.) 

cJ .  Head,  legs,  and  abdomen  thinly,  thorax  densely  pubescent, 
the  pubescence  fine,  long  and  soft  on  the  last ;  clypeus  convex, 
bell-shaped,  margined  anteriorly,  not  carinate  dowu  the  middle ; 
vertex  round  the  region  of  the  ocelli,  the  thorax  and  abdomen 
underneath  the  pubescence  densely  and  finely  punctured;  legs 
long  and  stout,  posterior  femora  swollen,  posterior  tibise  flattened, 
their  apex  beneath  produced  and  bluntly  rounded.  Black;  the 
clypeus,  sides  of  the  face  below  the  base  of  the  antenuse,  the 
labrum,  and  base  of  the  mandibles  bright  yellow ;  the  scape, 
the  2nd  joint  of  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae,  and  the  legs  dark 
honey-yellow  ;  the  basal,  the  3rd  and  following  joints  of  the 
flageilum  fulvous  brown  ;  the  apical  margins  broadly  of  the  basal 
six  and  the  whole  of  the  7th  abdominal  segment  hght  pale  testa- 
ceous ;  the  pubescence  entirely  very  pale  fulvous  ;  wings  light  flavo- 
hyaline. 

Hah.  Kumaun.     c?  ■  Lengtli  13 ;  exp.  24  mm.     $  unknown. 

921.  Habropoda  moelleri,  n.  sp. 

S  .  Head,  legs,  and  abdomen  thinly,  thorax  densely  pubescent, 
the  pubescence  fine,  long  and  soft  on  the  last;  clypeus  convex, 
twice  as  high  as  broad,  bell-shaped,  margined  anteriorly  and  bear- 
ing a  slight  medial  vertical  carina ;  vertex  of  the  head  shining, 
somewhat  closely  punctured  round  the  region  of  the  ocelli ;  legs 
stout  and  long,  the  posterior  femora  swollen,  the  posterior  tibiae 
flattened,  the  apex  beneath  triangularly  produced.  The  head  in 
front,  the  clypeus,  the  scape  of  the  antennae,  the  legs,  and  abdomen 
honey-yellow ;  the  vertex  of  the  head  and  the  thorax  underneath 
the  dense  pubescence  black  ;  the  sides  of  the  face  by  the  clypeus, 
the  labrum,  and  base  of  the  mandibles  pale  yellow,  the  apex  of  the 
mandibles  castaneous  brown  ;  the  flagellum  of  the  antennae  light 
fuscous  brown ;  the  pubescence  entirely  pale  fulvous  ;  \vings  light 
flavo-hy  aline. 

Eab.  Native  Sikhim,  above  8000  feet.  S .  Length  14 ;  exp. 
27  mm.    ?  unknown. 

Genus  ANTHOPHOEA. 

Podalirius,  Latr.  (nec  Lamarch)  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  iii,  p.  378  (1802). 
Anthophora,  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  siv,  p.  45  (1804). 

Type,  A.  pilipes,  Fabr. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 


624 


APIDiB. 


1  '2 
Fig.  1Y8. — Anthophora.    1,  maxilla; 
2,  labium.    (Much  enlarged.) 


Head  transverse,  not  quite  so  wide  as  the  thorax ;  ocelli  in  an 
isosceles  triangle  on  the  vertex ;  antennae  short,  the  scape  shorter 

than  the  2nd  joint  of  the 
flagellum ;  clypeus  strongly 
produced  and  convex  ;  labrum 
subquadrate,  anterior  margin 
widely  rounded,  nearly  trans- 
verse ;  tongue  elongate  ;  labial 
palpi  4-jointed,  the  basal 
joint  three  times  length  of 
2nd  joint,  apical  two  minute  ; 
maxillary  palpi  6-jointed,  basal 
joint  short,  2nd  joint  the 
longest,  3-6  decreasing  grad- 
ually in  length,  tilit'orm. 
Thorax  ovate  ;  fore  wing  with 
the  radial  cell  broad,  rounded 
at  apex  and  appendiculate, 
acute  at  the  inner  angle ;  three 
cubital  cells,  the  1st  and  3rd 
subequal,  the  2ud  narrowed  at 
top,  sometimes  pentagonal, 
receiving  the  1st  recurrent  nervure  in  the  middle  ;  the  3rd  cubital 
cell  rounded  outwardly  and  receiving  the  2nd  recurrent  nervure 
near  its  apex ;  legs  short,  posterior  tibiae  and  hasal  joints  of  the 
tarsi  in  the  female  densely  pubescent ;  intermediate  tarsi  in  some 
species  with  tufts  of  hair  on  the  apical  joint  above  the  claws. 
Abdomen  broad,  slightly  ovate,  sometimes  densely  pubescent, 
sometimes  with  only  pubescent  fasciae  on  the  apical  margins  of  the 
segments. 

The  species  of  Antliopliora  as  a  rule  make  their  nests  in  the 
ground.  I  once  found  a  whole  colony  of  A.  cingulaia,  Yahr.. 
burrowing  into  the  hard  beaten  earth  under  a  forest  bungalow  in 
Burma. 

Key  to  the  Specias. 

A.  Abdomen  with  distinct  transverse  pubes- 
cent fascise  above. 

a.  Basal  abdominal  segment  without  a 
fascia. 

a'.  Abdominal  segments  4  and  5  only 

with  a  fascia   A.  bicincta,  p.  525. 

b' .  Abdominal  segments  2-5  with  a  fascia.    A.  crocea,  p.  526. 

b.  Basal  abdominal  segment  with  a  fascia. 
a'.  Fasciae  of  metallic  blue  scale-like 

hairs. 

a'.  Pubescence  on  thorax  above  bluish 

grey    A.  cingzdata,  p.  526. 

6*.  Pubescence  on  thorax  dull  rufo- 

fulvous    A.  zonata,  p.  527. 

6'.  Fascias  of  white  pubesceDce. 

a".  Abdomen  beneath  ferruginous  ....    A.  niveocincta,  p.  527. 


ANTHOPHOBA. 


525 


b".  Abdomen  beneath  black. 

a'.  Pubescence  on  thorax  fulvous,  or 

cinereous  mixed  with  black  hairs.  A.  confusa,  p.  528. 
63.  Pubescenceonthor.ixochraceous, 

often  griseous    A.fallax,  p.  628. 

c'.  Fascia}  of  rich  fulvous,  ferruginous  or 

fulvous-white  pubescence.  . 

a^  Length  16-17  mm   A.  insulans,  p.  5Jy. 

b-.  Length  under  12  mm. 

a".  Abdominal  fasciaj  fulvous  white ; 

length  10-12  mm   A.  quadrifasciata,  p.  529. 

P.  Abdominal  fascite  rich  fulvous  ; 

lenp;  th  7-8  mm   A.fraterna,  p.  529. 

B.    Abdomen  without    distinct  transverse 
pubescent  fasciae  above. 

a.  Pubescence  on  abdomen  quite  or  nearly 

unicolorous.  ^  ^   ,  • 

a'.  Thorax  with  grey  pubescence  above  .    A.Jimbrmta,  p.  ocSU. 

b'.  Thorax  with  pale  ochraceous,  almost 

white  pubescence  above   A.  Candida,  p.  531. 

c'  Thorax  with  black  or  fuscous  pubes- 
cence above    A.  violacea,  p.  531. 

d'.  Thorax   with    fulvous  pubescence 

f^l^oyg   A.  brookice,  p.  632. 

b.  Pubescence  on  the  abdomen  markedly 

not  unicolorous. 
a'.  Basal  two  abdominal  segments  with 
fulvous,  remaining  segments  vnth 

black  pubescence   A.  himalayensis,  p.  532, 

b'.  Basal  (basal  two  S)  abdominal  seg- 
ments with  pale  ochraceous  or  pale 
golden  yellow,  remaining  segments 
with  flame-red  (sometimes  yellow) 

pubescence    A.  imlcTierrima,^.  b'&'2. 

922.  Anthophora  Mcincta. 

Apis  bicincta,  Fabr.  Syst.  Ent.  ii,  p.  338. 
Podalirius  bicinctus,  Dall.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  259. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  minutely  and  very  densely 
punctared ;   clypeus    somewhat  flat,  transverse,  and  margined 
anteriorly.    Black  ;  the  base  of  the  mandibles, 
the  labriun,  a  broadish  transverse  submarginal 
line  on  the  clypeus,  another  vertical  medial 
h'ne  at  right  angles  to  it,  and  a  transverse 
broadly  triangular  spot  above  its  base  pale 
creamy  white ;  the  apical  margin  of  the  1st 
abdominal    segment  broadly,    of    the  2nd 
narrowly  rufo-testaceous ;  the  vertex  of  the 
Fie  "il^—Antho-     lie^d,  the  thorax  above,  the   anterior  legs 
phora  bicincta,  $ .  \.    entirely,  the  cox£b,  femora,  and  tibiae  of  the 
intermecUate   and  posterior  legs,  and  broad 
transverse  bands  on  the  apical  margins  of  the  4th  and  5th 
abdominal  segments,  with  the  sides  of  the  apical  segment,  covered 


526 


APIDJE. 


with  white  pubescence;  wings  fusco-hyaline,  paler  towards  the 
apical  margins. 

d  similar ;  but  the  white  parts  on  the  clypeus  broader,  the 
pubescence  slightly  fulvous  on  the  thorax,  the  6th  segment  o£ 
the  abdomen  with  a  transverse  pubescent  white  band  on  its 
apical  margin  ;  wangs  paler. 

Var.  $  c?  with  a  pubescent  white  lateral  spot  on  abdominal 
segments  2  and  3. 

ITab.  Allahabad  ;  Calcutta ;  Bangalore  ;  Madras.  $  .  Length 
12-13  ;  e.zy.  24  mm.     c?  sUghtly  smaller. 

923.  Anthophora  crocea,  n.  sp. 

S  .  Head  and  thorax  densely  pubescent,  finely  and  closely  punc- 
tured, the  scutellum  more  sparsely  punctured;  abdomen  impunctate, 
the  bases  of  the  segments  broadly  and  more  or  less  densely  pubescent, 
the  apical  margin  of  the  first  segment  smooth  and  shining,  of  the 
2nd  to  the  5th  with  broad  pubescent  bands.  Black ;  the  mandibles 
at  base  and  the  labrum  pale  yellow,  the  latter  with  an  obscure 
fuscous  spot  at  each  basal  lateral  angle ;  clypeus  darker  yellow, 
with  two  divergent  abbreviated  black  lines  at  base  ;  a  transverse 
triangular  spot  above  the  clypeus,  and  the  front  of  the  scape  pale 
yellow ;  the  head  and  thorax  above  with  dense  griseous  pubescence  ; 
the  pubescence  on  the  anterior  legs  pale  ochraceous,  on  the  inter- 
mediate and  posterior  legs  and  abdomen  jet-black ;  the  apical 
margin  of  the  1st  segment  narrowly  testaceous,  of  segments  2-5 
with  broad  transverse  bands  of  fine  pale  yellowish  green  scale-like 
hairs,  6th  and  apical  segments  with  entirely  black  pubescence ; 
wings  fusco-hyaline. 

Hub.  Pegu  Hills,  Burma,     d  •  Length  12  ;         24  mm. 

924.  Anthophora  cingulata. 

Andrena  cingulata,  Fabr.  Si/st.  Ent.  p.  378, 
Podalirius  cingulatus,  Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  263. 

2  c?  •  Head  and  thorax  densely,  clypeus,  face  below  the  antennae 
and  the  bases  of  the  abdominal  segments  thinly  pubescent,  the 
head  and  thorax  finely  punctured  undei-neath  the  pubescence ; 
bases  of  the  abdominal  segments  finely  aciculate.  Black;  the 
labrum  (except  a  lateral  spot  at  base  and  the  apical  margin  very 
narrowly),  a  spot  at  base  of  the  mandibles,  a  subapical  hne  on  the 
clypeus,  a  medial  line  broadening  from  above  downwards  at  right 
angles  to  the  subapical  line,  and  a  small  triangular  spot  above  the 
base  on  each  side  of  the  clypeus,  pale  yellowish  white ;  the  head 
and  thorax  with  bluish-grey  pubescence  having  an  admixture  of 
black  hairs  ;  a  tuft  of  white  pubescence  on  each  side  of  the  median 
segment;  the  legs  covered  with  bluish-white  pubescence  above, 
black  beneath,  the  posterior  tibite  with  long  snow-white  pubes- 
cence above  and  an  abbreviated  line  of  black  pubescence  above 
near  its  base ;  abdomen  clothed  with  thin  black  pubescence,  the 
apical  margins  of  segments  1-4  (  ?  ),  1-5  ( cf  )  with  broad  trans- 


ANTHOPHORA. 


527 


verse  bands  of  bright  metallic  blue  scale-like  hairs;  antenna)  black; 
wings  light  fusco-hyaline,  nervures  and  tegiila3  dark  brown. 

Hah.  Sikhim  ;  Pegu  Hills,  Burma ;  Tenasserim  ;  Ceylon ;  the 
Malayan  region  to  Australia.    $  <S  .  Length  14-15  ;  exp.  25-26  ram. 

925.  Anthophora  zonata.    (PI.  IV,  fig.  4.) 

Apis  zonata,  Linn.  Si/st.  Nat.  (ed.  10)  i,  p.  576. 
Anthophora  siibcierulea,  Lepel.  Hym.  ii,  p.  30,  $  S  • 
Podaliriiis  zoaatus,  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  296. 

5 .  Head  and  thorax  densely,  clypeus  and  the  bases  of  the 
abdominal  segments  thinly  pubescent ;  the  head  and  thorax  finely 
and  closely  punctured  under  the  pubescence,  the  bases  broadly  of 
the  abdominal  segments  finely  aciculate.  Black ;  the  labrum,  base 
of  the  mandibles,  sides  and  apical  margin  of  clypeus,  with  a  narrow 
medial  line  on  the  same,  yellowish  white  ;  the  labrum  with  a  lateral 
spot  and  a  line  along  its  base  black ;  a  small  transverse  triangular 
spot  above  the  base  of  the  clypeus  and  the  front  of  the  scape  of 
the  antenna  pale  yellowish  white  ;  the  front  and  vertex  above  the 
base  of  the  antennee,  and  the  thorax  above  clothed  with  dull  rufo- 
fulvous  pubescence  mixed  with  black  hairs  and  with  the  apex  of 
many  of  the  other  hairs  black ;  legs  covered  with  a  thin  cinereous 
pubescence ;  the  cheeks  behind  the  eyes,  the  head  and  thorax 
beneath,  and  the  posterior  tibiae  above  with  snow-white  pubescence, 
the  last  with  a  short  line  of  black  hairs  at  base  dividing  the  white; 
the  pubescence  on  the  abdomen  black,  the  apical  margins  of  seg- 
ments 1-4  with  transverse  bands  of  metallic  blue  scale-like  hairs  ; 
■wings  nearly  clear  hyaline,  sometimes  with  a  fulvous  tint,  ner\'ures 
and  tegulae  testaceous. 

<S  similar ;  the  clypeus  entirely  yellowish  white  with  two  diver- 
gent broad  curved  spots  at  base  black. 

Var.  The  bands  on  the  abdomen  not  shining  metallic  blue,  but 
dull  and  somewhat  greyish. 

Hah.  Throughout  India,  Bm*ma,  Tenasserim,  and  Ceylon, 
extending  through  the  Malay  regions  to  Australia.  $  6  •  Length 
11-13 ;  exp.  21-25  mm. 

*926.  Anthophora  niveo-cincta,  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  337, 5 . 
F  Andrena  fasciata,  Fabr.  Syst.  Ent.  p.  877. 
Podalirius  niveocinctus.  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  279. 

5  .  Length  5  lines  (=  about  11  mm.). — Black ;  a  triangular 
spot  above  the  clypeus,  the  clypeus,  the  face  on  each  side,  the 
labrum  and  mandibles,  and  a  spot  on  the  scape  in  front  yellow ; 
the  clypeus  has  on  each  side  at  base  an  elongate  quadrate  spot, 
and  its  anterior  margin  narrowly  black  ;  the  labrum  has  a  fuscous 
spot  on  each  side  at  base,  the  apex  of  the  mandibles  and  the 
flagellum  ferruginous ;  the  pubescence  on  the  face  and  che  eks 
white,  on  the  vertex  and  disc  of  the  thorax  it  is  pale  fulvous,  the 
tips  of  the  hairs  being  black  ;  the  pubescence  on  the  sides  of  the 
thorax  beneath,  and  also  on  the  metathorax,  white ;  the  legs  ferru- 
ginous above,  densely  covered  with  white  pubescence,  beneath  it  is 
black.    Abdomen,  the  margins  of  the  segments  have  a  fascia  of 


528 


white  pubescence,  the  flftli  is  covered  with  the  same,  the  apex 
fuscous  ;  beneath  the  abdomen  is  ferruginous. 
"  Ilab.  India  (Smith)." 

Pabricius's  A.  fasciata  so  far  as  the  description  goes  corresponds 
with  the  description  of  the  above  species,  but  I  have  failed  to 
identify  either  A,  fasciata  or  A.  niveo-cincta. 

927.  Anthophora  confusa,  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  337,  $ . 

?  Aiithophora  vigilans,  Smith,  2nd  Yark.  Miss.,  Ilym.  p.  6,  c?  {nec 

Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1861,  p.  92). 
Podalirius  confusus,  Dall.  Ton:  Cat,  x,  p.  264. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  closely  and  finely  punctured ; 
head  above  and  thorax  densely  pubescent.  Black  ;  the  base  of  the 
mandibles,  and  the  labrum,  except  a  spot  at  each  basal  lateral  angle, 
pale  yellowish ;  clypeus  black,  a  spot  on  each  side,  a  transverse 
triangular  spot  above,  and  a  medial  comparatively  broad  line  pale 
yellowish  white,  the  mai-gin  also  narrowly  white  in  some  specimens; 
pubescence  on  the  vertex  of  the  head  and  on  the  thorax  above 
cinereous,  sometimes  fulvous,  mixed  with  black  hairs,  on  the 
cheeks  and  beneath  and  on  the  posterior  femora  behind  white ; 
legs  with  black' pubescence,  on  the  posterior  tibite  above  snow- 
white,  with  an  abbreviated  black  stripe  at  base  ;  abdomen  covered 
with  a  thin  black  pubescence,  the  apical  margins  of  the  basal  four 
segments  with  fascise  of  white  pubescence  ;  wings  fusco-hyaline. 

c?  similar,  smaller  ;  the  clypeus  with  broader  yellow  markings  ; 
the  5th  abdominal  segment  with  a  transverse  pubescent  fascia  on 
its  apical  mai'gin. 

Hah.  Barrackpore  ;  Sikhim  ;  Bombay  ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ; 
?Ladak.  2  •  length  13-15  ;  exji.  23-26  mm.  6 .  Length  11-12 ; 
exp.  21-23  mm. 

928.  Anthophora  fallax.  Smith,  New  Sp.  Eym.  B.  M.  p.  120,2  c?- 
Anthophora  lucknovieusis,  Jiad.  Wiadum.  z  nauk  Przijrod.  1882,  ii, 

p.  76. 

Podalirius  faUax,  Doll.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  267. 

2  .  Head  above  on  the  vertex  and  the  clypeus  somewhat  sparsely 
and  finely  punctured  ;  the  front,  thorax,  and  transverse  bands  on 
the  abdomen  densely  pubescent,  the  bases  of  the  abdominal  seg- 
ments finely  transversely  aciculate.  Black  ;  the  mandibles  at  base, 
labrum,  and  clypeus  pale  yellow,  the  last  with  two  large  contiguous 
quadrate  maculae  at  base  ;  the  front,  the  vertex,  and  thorax  above 
with  black-tipped  ochraceous,  very  often  griseous  pubescence,  that 
on  the  face  below  the  antennae,  on  the  cheeks,  and  on  the  thorax 
beneath  whitish ;  legs  with  griseous  pubescence  on  the  outside, 
black  on  the  inside  ;  abdominal  segments  1-4  with  a  transverse 
pubescent  white  fascia  on  the  apical  margin,  apical  two  segments 
with  black  pubescence  ;  wings  subhyaline,  nervures  brown,  tegulae 
testaceous. 

d  similar  ;  the  front  of  the  scape  of  the  antennae  yellow  ;  the 
pubescence  on  the  thorax  darlter  ochraceous  ;  abdominal  segments 
1-6  with  transverse  pubescent  white  fascias. 

Rab.  Western  India ;  Allahabad ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim ;  Ceylon. 


ANTHOPnOBA. 


529 


Beyond  India  in  Southern  and  Western  Africa.  $  c?  •  Length 
8-10  ;  exp.  17-21  mm. 

929.  Anthophora  insularis,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1858,  p.  48,?. 
PodaliriuH  iusularis,  Dall.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  273. 

2  .  Head  at  the  back,  the  cheeks,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely 
pubescent,  the  pubescence  long  and  erect  on  the  thorax,  short, 
scale-ake,  and  pilose  on  the  abdomen  ;  the  front  and  vertex  of  the 
head  with  a  sparse  covering  of  longish  hairs,  finely  punctured 
beneath  it ;  clypeus  medially  carinate.  Black ;  the  labrum  except 
a  narrow  border  all  round,  a  ±-sbaped  mark  on  the  clypeus,  a 
transverse  triangular  spot  above  it,  and  the  scape  of  the  antennae  in 
front  pale  yellow  ;  pubescence  rich  ferniginous,  mixed  with  griseous 
and  black  on  the  head  and  thorax,  the  cheeks  and  the  thorax 
beneath  with  white,  and  the  posterior  tibiae  and  intermediate  and 
posterior  tarsi  with  jet-black  pubescence  ;  antennae  piceous  ;  the 
bases  of  abdominal  segments  2-4  and  all  the  5th  and  6th  black  ; 
wings  flavo-hyaline,  fuscescent  towards  the  apical  margins. 

ffah.  B  urma  ;  Tenasserim  ;  Ceylon  ;  Borneo,  spreading  down 
the  Malay  region.     J  .  Length  16-17 ;  exp.  30  mm.     d  unknown. 

930.  Anthophora  quadrifasciata. 

Apis  quadrifasciata,  Villers,  Linn.  Ent.  iii,  p.  319. 
Centris  nidulans,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  357. 
Podahrius  quadrifasciatus,  Dall.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  284. 

2  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  more  or  less  densely  pubescent ; 
the  labrum,  clypeus,  front  of  the  head,  and  the  bases'of  the  abdo- 
minal segments  finely  and  closely  punctured,  the  punctures  shallow. 
Black ;  the  head  and  front  with  cinereous,  the  thorax  above  and  the 
outside  of  the  posterior  tibiae  with  fulvous  pubescence,  paler  on 
the  tibiae  ;  the  inside  of  the  legs,  the  base  of  the  basal  four  abdo- 
minal segments,  and  the  whole  of  the  5th  and  6th  segments 
clothed  with  thin  black  pubescence,  the  apical  margins  of  segments 
1^  broadly  with  pale  fulvous-white  pubescence  ;  the  labrum,  the 
clypeus,  and  a  transverse  triangular  spot  above  the  latter  pale 
yellowish  white ;  a  minute  spot  at  each  lateral  basal  angle  of  the 
labrum,  and  two  large  subquadrate  contiguous  spots  at  the  base  of 
the  clypeus  black  ;  wings  pale  fusco-hyahne. 

c?  similar;  a  whitish  pubescent  fascia  on  the  5th  abdominal 
segment. 

This  is  the  common  Indian  form,  but  the  species  is  very  variable 
and  the  pubescence  on  the  thorax  may  be  any  shade  from  fulvous 
to  grey-blue,  and  the  fasciae  on  the  abdominal  segments  are  some- 
times fulvous. 

Hab.  Spread  from  Central  and  Southern  Europe,  through  Africa 
to  India,  Burma,  and  Ceylon.  J  d" .  Length  10-12 ;  exp.  19-22  mm. 

931.  Anthophora  fraterna,  n.  sp. 

d .  Head  on  the  vertex  somewhat  coarsely,  the  thorax  and 
VOL.  I.  2  m 


530 


KVIDJE. 


abdomen  finely  punctured ;  the  front  between  and  above  theantennaj, 
the  sides  of  the  vertex,  the  thorax  above  and  on  the  sides,  the 
basal  abdominal  segment  entirely,  and  transverse  bands  on  the 
apical  margins  of  segments  2-6  covered  with  more  or  less  dense 
pubescence  ;  legs  long,  with  a  thin  fine  pubescence  on  the  outer 
side,  the  intermediate  and  posterior  femora  fringed  with  long  hairs, 
and 'a  brush-like  tuft  of  coarser  hairs  beneath  and  spreading  out 
laterally  on  the  apical  joint  of  the  intermediate  tarsi.  Black  ;  the 
pubescence  rich  fulvous,  golden  yellow  on  the  front  and  pale  on 
the  posterior  tibiae,  on  the  anterior  and  intermediate  legs  and  on 
the  apex  of  the  tibiaj  and  tarsi  of  the  posterior  legs  it  is  whitish  ; 
the  tuft  on  the  apical  joint  of  the  intermediate  tarsi  jet-black  ;  the 
base  of  the  mandibles  and  the  labrum  pale  yellowish  white  ;  the 
clypeus  and  front  of  the  scape  of  the  antennae  sulphur-yellow ; 
wings  hyaline  and  iridescent,  nervures  and  tegulte  testaceous. 
^«6.  Tenasserim.   6.  Length  7-8  ;  exp.  15  mm.    $  unknown. 


932.  Antliophora  fimhriata,  Smith,  Neiu  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  122,  $ . 
Podaliiius  limbriatus,  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  268. 
?  .  Head  and  thorax  pubescent,  closely  and  finely  punctured 
under  the  pubescence,  which  on  the  clypeus  and  front  below  the 

antennae  is  thin  and  sparse,  and  on 
the  vertex  of  the  head  and  on  the 
thorax  dense  but  not  very  long ; 
abdomen  smooth,  dull,  the  surface 
minutely  aciculate  ;  clypeus  strongly 
convex,  transverse  anteriorly  and 
margined.  Black  ;  the  base  of  the 
mandibles,  the  labrum  (except  the 
anterior  margin  and  a  large  black 
spot  on  each  side  at  its  base),  a  spot 
at  each  lateral  angle  of  the  clypeus 
joined  by  a  transverse  line,  an  elon- 
gate cone-shaped  median  spot,  and 
^  transverse  triangular  spot  above  the  base  of  the  clypeus  white ; 
the  front,  vertex  of  the  head,  and  thorax  above  \Mth  gre}^  the 
cheeks,  the  sides  of  the  thorax  in  front,  the  anterior  legs,  and  the 
mediati  segment  with  white  pubescence,  thin  and  sparse  on  the 
legs,  dense  and  long  on  the  median  segment;  abdomen  with  a 
little  black  pubescence  along  the  sides,  and  m  fresh  specimens 
with  a  Uttle  hoary  pile  on  the  apical  two  segments;  mt^ermediate 
and  posterior  legs  with  black  pubescence,  very  dense  and  ong  on 
the  outside  of  the  posterior  tibise  and  tarsi;  wings  dark  fuscous, 
with  a  slight  purple  effulgence. 

6  similar  ;  the  yellow-white  on  the  labrum  and  clypeus  broader, 
the  le<^s  longer,  the  wings  paler,  the  apical  three  segments  of  the 
abdomen  above  with  thin  white  pubescence.  n     r  ,7 

S  Sylhet;  Pegu  Hills,  Burma ;  Tenassenm.  2-  LengtU 
18-20  ;  eJp.  36-39  mm.     6  •  Length  16 ;  exp.  34  mm. 


Pig.  180. 

AnthopJiora  fimbriata,  $. 


ANTHOl'HOKA. 


531 


933.  Anthophora  Candida,  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  li.  M.  p.  122,  5 . 
Podalinus  caiulidus,  Dall.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  202. 

2 .  Head  above  the  clypeus,  the  thorax  and  abdomen  covered 
with  dense  short  pubescence  ;  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum  under  the 
pubescence  closely  and  irregularly  punctate-striate  ;  ciypeus  and 
iabrura  bare,  shining,  punctured,  the  punctures  fine  and  vei-y 
shallow.  Black  ;  covered  with  dense  short  pale  ochraceous  pubes- 
cence ;  the  extreme  apex  of  the  abdomen,  the  intermediate  tibiae 
and  tarsi  beneath,  and  the  posterior  tibijE  and  tarsi  above  and 
below  with  jet-black  pubescence,  on  the  last  forming  a  striking 
contrast  to  the  ochraceous  white  of  the  pubescence  on  the  femora  ; 
ciypeus,  labrum,  and  base  of  the  mandibles  pale  yellowish  white  ; 
two  large  maculoe  at  the  base  of  the  ciypeus  and  a  spot  at  the 
lateral  basal  angles  of  the  labrum  fuscous  ;  the  apical  margin  of 
the  ciypeus,  and  also  of  the  labrum,  and  the  apex  of  the  mandibles 
ferruginous ;  antennas  piceous  ;  in  some  specimens  there  is  a 
broad  longitudinal  line  of  pale  ferruginous  pubescence  along  the 
middle  of  the  posterior  tibisB  above ;  wings  vitreous  or  clear 
hyaline  with  a  sHght  milky  appearance. 

d  similar,  smaller  ;  the  legs  longer  and  more  slender ;  the  black 
spots  on  the  ciypeus  nearly  obsolete,  no  black  pubescence  at  the 
apex  of  the  abdomen. 

Bab.  The  Punjab ;  Quetta  ;  extending  into  Persia.  $  .  Length 
11  ;  exp.  22  mm.       .  Length  9  ;  exj>.  18  mm. 

934.  Anthophora  violacea,  Lepel.  Hym.  ii,  p.  80,  $  cJ . 
Podalu-ius  violaceus,  Dall.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  294. 

5  .  Ciypeus  and  front  below  the  anterior  ocellus  somewhat 
coarsely  and  closely,  vertex  of  the  head  and  the  thorax  above 
finely  and  densely  punctured ;  abdomen  smooth,  the  surface  finely 
aciculate  ;  ciypeus  convex,  transverse  and  margined  anteriorly,  and 
bearing  a  medial  shining  carina.  Black ;  the  sides  of  the*  face, 
the  vertex,  the  thorax,  and  median  segment  above,  the  legs,  and 
sides  of  the  thorax  and  of  the  abdomen  covered  with  fuscous 
pubescence ;  on  the  median  segment  in  some  specimens  there  is 
an  admixture  of  white  hairs  in  the  pubescence,  giving  it  a  greyish 
appearance  ;  wings  very  dark  fuscous,  with  a  rich  purple 
effulgence. 

cJ  similar  ;  the  ciypeus  not  carinate,  a  spot  on  the  mandibles  at 
base,  the  labrum,  and  ciypeus  pale  creamy  white  ;  the  anterior 
lateral,  and  basal  margins,  and  the  basal  angles  of  the  labrum,  the 
anterior  margin  narrowly  of  the  ciypeus,  and  a  broad,  somewhat 
irregular  A-shaped  mark  on  its  disc  black  ;  antennte  piceous ;  pos- 
terior margins  of  the  abdominal  segments  rufo-testaceous ;  wings 
much  paler  than  in  the  J  . 

Hab.  Bengal ;  N.W.  Provinces  ;  Delhi ;  Bombay ;  Central  India  ■ 
Bangalore  ;  Madras  ;  Ceylon.  $  .  Length  17-18  ;  exjj.  35  mm'. 
d  .  Length  16  ;  exj>.  32  mm. 

2  M  2 


532 


935.  Anthophora  brookiae,  Bimjh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  y,  1890, 
p.  250,  ?. 

2 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured 
and  pubescent,  the  pubescence  dense  and  somewhat  long  on  the 
bead  and  thorax  above,  very  sparse  on  the  clypeus  and  front,  and 
very  short,  fine,  pile-like,  and  tbin  on  the  abdomen  ;  clypeus 
strongly  convex,  and  with  a  short  median  longitudinal  carina. 
Black ;  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  the  labrum,  clypeus,  and  a 
transverse  broadly  triangular  spot  above  it  pale  yellow;  the 
anterior  margin  and  a  lateral  basal  spot  on  the  labrum,  and  two 
large  qiiadi-ate  maculse  at  the  base  of  the  clypeus  black  ;  the  vertex 
of  the  head,  the  cheeks,  and  the  thorax  above  with  rich  fulvous 
pubescence ;  the  thin  pile  on  the  abdomen  and  the  pubescence  on 
the  outside  of  the  legs  pale  fulvous  in  some  specimens,  fading  to 
white  on  the  apical  margins  of  the  abdominal  segments;  the 
pubescence  on  the  inside  of  the  legs  and  the  antennas  black :  wings 
hyaline,  fusco-hyaline  in  some  specimens  ;  nervures  and  tegulse 
testaceous. 

Hub.  Kumaun;  Karenuee,  3000  feet.     2  .  Length  15-16  ;  exp 
28  mm. 

936  Anthophora  himalayensis,  Bad.  Wiadom.  z  nauk  Brzyrod. 
1882,  pt.  ii,  p.  74 ;  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  272. 

9 .  Head  above  and  the  cheeks,  the  thorax,  and  the  legs 
exteriorly  densely  pubescent,  the  pubescence  on  the  front  and 
clypeus  thin  aud  scanty ;  the  clypeus  closely  punctured  anteriorly, 
margined,  and  bearing  a  medial  vertical  carina  very  smooth  and 
shining-  basal  two  abdominal  segments  covered  with  a  dense 
short  pubescence,  apical  four  segments  pruinose  velvety;  inside  of 
the  femora  and  tibia  smooth  and  shining,  without  pubescence. 
Head  and  thorax  under  the  pubescence  fulvous,  the  pubescence 
rich  fulvous  •  legs  and  abdomen  black,  the  pubescence  on  the  legs 
outside  aud  on  the  basal  two  abdominal  segments  rich  fulvous  ; 
antennjB  testaceous  ;  wings  fiavo-byaline,  their  apical  margms 
broadly  f  uscescent. 

(J  similar;  legs  longer  and  more  slender,  antennse  longer; 
wdnas  more  suffused  with  a  f uscescent  shade. 

Hah  The  Himalavas,  from  Simla  to  Sikhim,  at  low  elevations ; 
the  hills  of  Burma  aud  Tenasserim.  Common.  $  6  •  Length 
16-18  ;  exp.  32-35  mm. 

937.  Anthophora  pulcherrima,  n.  sp.   (PI.  IV,  fig.  5.) 

P  Head  thorax,  and  abdomen  pubescent,  finely  punctured 
under  the  pubescence;  abdomen  broader  and  flatter  than  in  the 
maiority  of  species.  Black  ;  the  front  and  vertex  of  the  head  the 
Srax  above  the  posterior  tibia  on  the  outside,  and  the  basal 
abdominal  segment  covered  with  pale  golden  yellow,  the  remaining 
ubdom  nal  se|ments  above  with  rich  flarne-red  pubesc-ence ;  the 
pubescence  on  the  thorax  and  abdomen  long,  soft,  and  silky,  on 


ANTHOPnORA. — XYLOCOPA . 


533 


the  labriim  and  front  of  the  face  erect  and  stiff  ;  legs  for  the  most 
part  with  pale  ocbraceous,  and  tlie  thorax  beneath  with  white 
pubescence  ;  mandibles,  clypeus,  labrum,  and  antennas  black : 
wings  hyaline,  slightly  fnscescent  and  iridescent  towards  the  apex  ; 
nervures  and  tegulm  dark  brown. 

d  similar,  smaller ;  the  labrum  and  clypeus  pale  yellow ;  the 
pubescence  on  the  head,  thorax,  legs,  and  basal  two  abdominal 
segments  pale  ochraceous. 

Var.  The  pubescence  much  paler,  that  on  the  apical  three 
abdominal  segments  golden  yellow,  not  red. 

Hab.  Sikhim.  $.  Lenyth  14;  exp.  27  mm.  d.  Length  12; 
exj}.  22  mm.* 

Genus  XYLOCOPA. 

Xylocopa,  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  iii,  p.  379  (1802). 
Mesotricha,  Westw.  Trans.  Ent.  Soo.  ii,  p.  lia  (1837). 
Platynopoda,  Westw.  Nat.  Libr.,  Ins.  vii,  p.  271  (1840). 

Type,  X  violacea,  Fabr. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  transverse,  subrotund  ;  ocelli  in  a  triangle  just  below  the 
vertex ;  eyes  larger  in  the  male  and  more  closely  approximate  at 
vertex  than  in  the  female ;  antennse  geniculate,  the  scape  some- 
times dilated  or  incrassate  ;  the  flagellum  cylindrical,  apical  joint 
obliquely  truncate ;  mandibles  short,  stout,  grooved  exteriorly,  the 
apex  with  two,  sometimes  three  teeth  ;  maxillary  palpi  t  6-jointed, 
basal  three  joints  thick,  long,  apical  three  slender  and  short,  each 
in  succession  decreasing  in  length ;  labial  palpi  4-jointed,  basal 
joint  nearly  five  times  the  length  of  the  2nd  joint,  apical  two 
minute,  inserted  in  a  line  with  the  other  joints.  Thorax  short ;  fore 

*  The  following  species  described  by  the  late  General  EadoszkowBki  in  a 
Polish  work  I  have  not  been  able  to  identify  : — 

"  Antuopiioka  faddei. 

"  Nigra ;  elypeo  dense  punctato  linea  elevata  longitudinali,  labro  rugoso ; 
capite,  thorace  antice,  sub  alis  albo-villosis;  abdominis  spgmentis  quatuor  anticis 
niveo-fasciatis,  fasoiis  omnibus  latissime  interruptis,  pedibiis  nigro-hirsiitis. — 
Alis  fortiter  lumatis.    Femina.  Long.  16  mm.    Piohpek  "  (?  Himalayas). 

"  AsTnOPHOttA  INDICA. 

"Nigra;  clypeo,  labroque  ebnrneis  nigro-maculatis,  mandibiilis  eburneo- 
maoulatis;  abdominis  segmentis  1-5  utrinque  niveo-maciilatis,  pedibua  nigro- 
hirsutis.— Alis  fortiter  fumatis.    Mas.  Long.  13  ram.  India." 

"  Anthopuoba  nuda. 

"Nigra;  clypeo  stramineo  nigro-maculato ;  antennis  subtus  cinnamomeia, 
labro  stramineo-villoso,  thorace  lutescenti-villoso ;  abdominis  segmentis  1-2 
nudis,  luteo-ferrugineis,  omnibus  stramineo-fasciatis,  pedes  oohracei  lutescenti- 
villosi.— Alis  subl'uscis.    Fem.  Long.  14  mm.  Himalayas." 

Bad.  Wiadom.  z  nauk  Przyrod.,  Warszawa,  ii,  1882," pp.  74-75. 

t  The  head  from  the  front,  the  maxilla,  and  labium  are  figured  in  the  Intro 
duction. 


534 


wing  with  the  radial  cell  elongate,  acute  at  apex ;  three  cubilal  cells, 
the  3rd  longest,  2nd  subtriangular,  the  inner  angle  produced  ;  the 
]st  recurrent  nervure  interstitial  with  the  2nd  transverse  cubital 
nervure,  the  3rd  cubital  cell  receives  the  2nd  recurrent  nervure 
about  the  middle ;  anterior  and  intermediate  tibise  with  one  apical 
spur,  flat  and  obliquely  truncate  at  apex  on  the  anterior  tibite ; 


Fig.  18].  cJ.  1.  posterior  leg;  2,  face  from 

Xyhcopa  dissimilis,  J.    \.  front ;  3,  inaudible. 

posterior  tibite  and  tarsi  always  densely  pubescent,  the  former  with 
two  simple  spines  at  apex ;  legs  of  male  generally  elongate,  the 
posterior  femora  sometimes  curved  and  subdentate  below.  Abdomen 
either  elongate  or  broad  and  flat,  fringed  with  long  hairs  on  the 
sides  of  the  segments. 

Several  species  of  Xylocopa  are  among  the  commonest  insects 
in  India  and  Burma,  often  coming  into  houses  with  a  loud 
buzzing  :  in  thatched  houses  they  frequently  bore  into  the  bamboos 
laid  below  the  thatch,  cutting  neat  round  holes  as  entrances  to 
their  nests.  Their  jaws  must  be  very  powerful,  as  I  have  seen  the 
iron-wood  posts  in  the  veranda  of  a  house  in  Burma  riddled  with 
the  holes  made  by  X.  laiipes;  the  insects  were  going  in  and  out 
all  day  long  with  pollen.  X.  rufescens  is  crepuscular,  on  fine 
moonlight  nights  its  loud  buzzing  can  be  often  heard  all  night 
long.  The  males  of  all  the  species  generally  poise  themselves  on 
the  most  conspicuous  point  of  a  branch,  aM'aiting  the  females. 

Key  to  the  Siiecies. 
Females, 

A.  With  black  or  sooty-hrown  pubescence. 

a.  Length  30  mm.  and  over. 

a'.  Scape  of  antennsE  distinctly  flattened 

and  broad  at  apex    X.  latipes,  p.  536. 

h'.  Scape  of  antennsB  cylindrical    X.  tenuiscapa,  p.  537. 

b.  Length  imder  30  mm. 

a'.  Wings  fuscous  with  rich  coppery 
bronze  effulgence,  not  blue  or  green. 


xyiiOCOPA. 


535 


a^.  Abdomen  very  convex,  newly  as 

broad  as  long    -Y.  acutipenms,  p.  537. 

P.  Abdomen  not  so  convex,  long;  and 

narrow,  only  about  two-tliirds  as 

broad  as  long   .    X  pidifrons,  p.  538. 

b'.  Wings  fuscous  purple  at  base  with 
reddish  coppery  effulgence,  turning 
to  metallic  green  at  apex.  . 

or.  Length  23-24  mm   X  auripennis,  p.  63S. 

6".  Length  27-29  mm   X.  dtsdmilu,  p.  538. 

c'.  Wings'^fuscous  with  dull  purple  efful- 
gence throughout. 
a-.  Abdomen  obscure  bottle-green    .  .    X.  mgrocmrulea,  p.  539. 
b'-.  Abdomen  black. 

o^.  Length  22-24  mm   X.  feneatrata,  p.  539. 

6'.  Length  13-17  mm   X  amethystina,  p.  540. 

d'.  Wings  fuscous,  deep  metallic  blue  at 
base,  then  metalhc  green,  followed 

by  deep  rosy  coppery  red  at  apex  . .    X.  iridipennis,  p.  640. 

B.  With  yellow  and  black  pubescence. 

a.  Thorax  only  with  yellow  pubescence 

f^ljove  <   X.  (estuans,  p.  540. 

b.  Occiput,  thorax,  sometimes  also  basal 

abdominal  segment,  with  yellow  pu- 
bescence. 

a'.  Yellow  pubescence  spreading  to  sides 

of  thorax  under  the  wings   X.  verticalis,  p.  541. 

b'.  Yellow  pubescence  not  spreading  to 

sides  of  thorax    X.  bryorum,  p.  541. 

C.  With  blact  and  white  pubescence. 

a.  Clypeus,  front,  and  face  with  dense  cine- 

reous white  pubescence   X.  basalts,  p.  542. 

b.  Clypeus,  front,  and  face  without  or  with 

fuscous  or  black  pubescence. 

a'.  Abdomen    with    white  pubescent 

■bands    X.  alhofasciata,  p.  542. 

V .  Abdomen  with  entirely  black  pubes- 
cence  X.  collaris,  p.  54.3. 

D.  With  golden  brown,  sometimes  rufescent 

pubescence    X.  rufescens,  p.  543. 

E.  With  blue  and  black  pubescence    X.  cteruka,  t^.  54A. 

Males. 

A.  With  black  or  sooty-brown  pubescence. 
a.  Length  30  mm.  and  over. 

a'.  Scape  of  antenuEB  flattened  and  very 

broad  at  apex    X.  latipes,  p.  636. 

b'.  Scape  of  antennre  cylindrical,  only 

slightly  incrassate    X.  tenuiscapa,  p.  537 

h.  Length  under  30  mm. 

a' .  Wings  fuscous  with  a  rich  coppery 
bronze  effulgence,  not  blue  or  green, 
a'.  Anterior  and  intermediate  tibise 
and    tarsi    with    pale  golden 

pubescence    X.  acutipennis,  p.  637. 


536 


b'-.  Anterior  and  intennediute  libiro 
and  tarsi  with  black  jiubesceuce  . 
b'.  Wings  fuscous,  purplish  at  base,  with 
reddish  coppery  eH'ulgeuce,  turning 
to  metallic  green  at  apex. 

a^  Length  20-21  mm  

b'-.  Length  25-27  mm  

c'.  Wings  fuscous  with  dull  purjjle  eflul- 
geuce  throughout. 

a\  Length  21-22  mm  

6".  Length  12-14  mm  

d'.  Wings  fuscous,  deep  metallic  bine  at 
base,  then  metallic  green  followed 
by  deep  rosy  coppery  red  at  apex  . . 

B.  With  olive-yellow  pubescence. 

a.  Posterior    tarsi  only  with  brownish 

pubescence.    Length  18-20  mm  

b.  All  the  legs  with  reddish-yeUow  pubes- 

cence.   Length  19-22  mm  

c.  Intermediate  and  posterior  tibire  and 

tarsi  with  dark  fuscous-brown  pubes- 
cence.   Length  21-23  mm  

d.  All  the  legs  with  fuscous-brown  pubes- 

cence, the  anterior  and  intermediate 
tibias  and  tarsi  fringed  with  pale  pu- 
bescence.   Length  24-26  mm  

C.  With  black  and  white  or  black  and  ochre- 

ous  pubescence. 

a.  Face  and  front  black,  covered  with  dense 

white  pubescence,  fulvous  on  the 
clypeus  

b.  Face  and  front  more  or  less  yellow,  with 

a  little  pale  ochreous  pubescence  .... 

D.  With  golden-brown  pubescence  

E.  With  blue  and  black  pubescence   

938.  Xylocopa  latipes.   (PI.  IV,  fig.  7.) 

Apis  latipes,  Drury,  III.  Exot.  Ins.  ii,  pi.  48,  fig.  2. 
Xylocopa  latipes,  Fabr.  Syst.  Piez.  p.  337  ;  Smith,  Cut.  ii,  p.  353 ; 
Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  213. 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  punctured ;  the  cl)'peus,  meso- 
notum  anteriorly,  and  abdomen  most  densely  so ;  front  with  two 
deep  sulcations  from  below  the  base  of  the  antennas  to  beyond  the 
posterior  ocelli,  the  division  between  forming  a  marked  ridge  and 
widening  above  to  receive  the  anterior  ocellus ;  scape  of  the 
antennaa  widened  towards  apex.  Black,  with  black  pubescence, 
thick  and  velvety  on  the  mesonotiuu  anteriorly,  and  long  and 
tufted  on  the  lateral  margins  of  the  abdominal  segments  ;  the 
pubescence  on  the  posterior  tibite  long,  dense,  and  stiff;  wings 
dark  fuscous,  with  vivid  coppery,  green,  and  purple  effulgence 
changing  as  they  catch  the  light. 

cJ  similar,  the  sulcations  on  the  front  smaller;  the  eyes  very 
large,  meeting  or  nearly  meeting  on  the  vertex;  scape  of  the 
antennae  much  broadened  towards  the  apex;  anterior  tibiae  and 


A',  pictifrons,  p.  538. 

X.  auripennis,  p.  638. 
X.  dissimilia,  p.  638. 

X.  fenedrata,  p.  539. 
X.  amethystina,  p.  540. 

X.  iridipennh,  p.  540. 

X.  astvans,  p.  640. 
X.  verticalis,  p.  641. 

X.  bryormn,  p.  641. 
X.yiavomffreacens,  p.  544. 

X.  basalts,  p.  642. 

X,  collarh,  p.  543. 
X.  rufescens,  p.  543. 
X.  cterulea,  p.  544. 


XTLOCOPA. 


537 


tarsi  flattened  and  yellow,  the  tibiaj  twisted,  the  tibiaj  and  tarsi 
fringed  anteriorly  and  posteriorly  with  long,  tliick,  somewhat 
curled  hairs ;  intermediate  and  posterior  legs  longer  in  proportion; 
wings  muc4i  narrower,  the  apex  of  tlie  aulei'ior  wing  acute.  Some 
specimens  have  the  clypeus  and  face  below  the  antennas  variegated 
with  yellowish  white. 

Bah.  Sikhim  ;  Barrackpore ;  Kumaun  Terai ;  Central  India  ; 
Malabar  ;  Coouoor  ;  Assam  ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ;  extending  to 
China  and  the  Malayan  region.  $  S .  Length  32-35 ;  exp.  78- 
80  mm. 

939.  Xylocopa  tenuiscapa,  Westw.  Jm-d.  Nat.  Lib.,  Ent.  vii,  p.  271, 

pi.  2.J,  tig.  2,  c? ;  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  353  ;  Dall.  Torr.  Vat.  x, 
p.  219. 

Xylocopa  viridipennis,  Lepel.  Hym.  ii,  p.  205. 

5  <S .  Closely  allied  to  and  resembling  X.  latipes :  the  female 
differs  in  being  on  the  whole  smaller ;  the  sulcations  on  the  front 
not  extending  up  to  the  ocelli,  the  scape  of  the  antennae  not  at  all 
dilated  at  apex,  and  the  abdomen  on  the  whole  less  densely  punc- 
tured. The  male  differs  from  that  of  X.  latipes  in  the  scape  of 
the  antennae  being  cylindrical. 

JIab.  Madras;  Assam;  Burma;  Ceylon.  $.  Length  30-32; 
exp.  64-70  mm.     S  •  Length  30 ;  exp.  68  mm. 

940.  Xylocopa  acutipennis,  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  355,  cJ ;  Ball.  Torr.  Cat, 

X,  p.  202. 

5  .  Head  somewhat  sparsely  punctured ;  thorax  nearly  smooth, 
with  a  few  very  fine  scattered  punctures  along  the  Front  and  sides 
of  the  mesonotum  and  sides  of  the  scutellum ;  abdomen  finely 
and  densely  punctured  ;  clypeus  nearly  flat,  subtriangular,  its  sides 
and  the  front  between  the  base  of  the  antennae  raised  into  a  broad 
A-shaped  carina.  Black ;  the  front  above  the  antennae  and  the 
mesonotum  anteriorly  with  short  dense  velvety  sooty-brown  pubes- 
cence ;  the  sides  of  the  thorax,  the  legs,  and  the  sides  of  the  abdo- 
men with  black  pubescence ;  wings  narrow  and  somewhat  acute, 
fuscous  with  rich  metallic  coppery,  bronze,  almost  golden  tints  in 
certain  lights. 

cS  .  The  mesonotum  and  scutellum  more  punctured,  the  punctures 
very  shallow  and  fine,  the  disc  of  the  former  smooth  and  shining. 
Black ;  the  clypeus,  a  spot  at  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  and  the 
scape  of  the  antennas  pale  whitish  yellow ;  the  pubescence  as  in 
the  female,  with  the  exception  of  the  anterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  and 
the  intermediate  tarsi  posteriorly,  which  are  clothed  with  a  pale 
golden  pubescence ;  wings  in  the  type  fuscous,  with  purple  and 
greenish  effulgence,  more  often,  however,  as  in  the  female  but 
paler,  with  the  golden  metallic  tints  brighter ;  the  fore  wing  more 
acute  at  apex  than  in  the  female. 

Hab.  Sylhet ;  Khasi  Hills  ;  Bikhim ;  Taoo  plateau,  4000  ft., 
Tenasserim.  $.  Length  26;  exp.  60  mm.  cJ.  Length  23-24; 
6X23.  66-58  mm. 


538 


AVlJtJE. 


941.  Xylocopa  pictifrons,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  n.s.  ii  (1852),  p.  42,  J ; 
Dull.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  217. 

2  .  Head,  thorax  (except  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum  and  the 
base  of  the  scutellum)  finely  and  closely,  abdomen  very  sparsely 
punctured  ;  the  mesonotum  anteriorly  and  the  apical  3  or  4  seg- 
ments of  the  abdomen  moi'e  or  less  densely  pubescent ;  the  anterior 
margin  of  the  clypeus  somewhat  broadly  smooth,  shining  and 
impuuctate,  broadly  emarginate  in  the  middle,  oblique  at  the  sides; 
thorax  more  or  less  globose  and  rounded  posteriorly.  Jet-black 
and  shining,  with  black  pubescence;  wings  brown,  with  rich 
coppery  and  golden  tints,  purplish  or  rosy  in  different  lights  ;  in 
the  typical  specimens  from  China  more  or  less  hyaline  towards  the 
base. 

c?  similar,  narrower,  with  longer  legs  ;  the  clypeus  (except  its 
anterior  margin)  narrowly,  the  face  on  each  side  to  the  level  of  the 
posterior  ocelli,  the  front  below  the  base  of  the  antennae,  and  a 
lunule  on  each  side  of  the  anterior  ocellus  bright  yellow;  the 
pubescence  on  the  thorax  anteriorly  and  on  the  sides  and  back  of 
the  median  segment  sooty  brown,  on  the  sides  of  the  thorax 
anteriorly  and  on  the  tubercles  brownish  white  ;  wings  narrow  er 
than  in  the  female,  with  more  of  a  greenish  brassy  lustre. 

Hab.  China;  Java;  Sikhim  ;  Kumaun.  $.  Length  21-23  ; 
exp.  48-52  mm.     S .  Lenc/th  21  •  exp.  46  mm. 

This  beautiful  species  I  found  very  common  at  Grnatong  in 
Native  Silihim,  12,500  feet.  The  male  attributed  to  it  by  Smith 
belongs,  I  am  certain,  to  some  other  species. 

942.  Xylocopa  auripennis,  Lepel.  Hym.  ii,  p.  181,  ?  c?  ;  Smith,  Cat. 

ii,  p.  356  ;  Dull.  Torr.  Cat.  p.  205. 

5  .  Head  densely  and  finely,  thorax  and  abdomen  more  sparsely 
punctured ;  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum  impunctate,  smooth  and 
polished;  clypeus  with  an  obscure  T-shaped  impunctate  mark,  and 
a  broad  carina  above  it  between  the  bases  of  the  antennae,  the  carina 
bifurcating  below  and  circling  round  the  anterior  ocellus.  Elack  ; 
the  pubescence  black,  slightly  sooty  brown  and  velvety  in  fresh  fine 
specimens  on  the  mesonotum  anteriorly ;  wings  very  dark  brown, 
witb  the  most  brilliant  effulgence  of  any  of  the  Oriental  species  of 
Xylocopa,  metallic  greenish-blue  at  base,  changing  to  vivid  green 
with  rich  golden  tints  in  certain  lights  towards  the  apical  margins. 

c?  similar ;  difi'ers  in  being  narrower  and  longer  proportionately, 
the  posterior  femora  incrassate  with  an  obscure  tooth  below. 

Eah.  Sikhim  ;  Barrackpore  ;  Calcutta  ;  Burma  ;  Tenassenm ; 
China.  $  .  Length  23-25  ;  exp.  50-53  mm.  d  .  Length  20-21  ; 
exp.  50  mm. 

943.  Xylocopa  dissimilis,  Lepel.  Hym.  ii,  p.  180,  $  S  ;  Smith,  Cat.  u, 

p.  35U ;  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  209. 
5.  Head  densely,  thorax  and  abdomen  sparsely  punc-tured  ; 
the  obscure  impuuctate  mark  and  the  frontal  carina  as  iu  X.  aun- 


XYLOOOPA. 


539 


pennis,  but  not  so  prominent.  Black,  with  black  pubescence, 
very  dense  on  the  mesonotum  anteriorlj',  on  the  sides  of  the 
thorax  beneath  the  wings,  (he  postscutellum,  and  on  the  legs  ; 
wings  purple  at  base  with  reddish  coppery  tints,  becoming  metallic 
green  towards  the  apical  margins. 

similar,  the  legs  longer,  tlie  posterior  femora  incrassate,  the 
posterior  tibioe  with  a  broad  lamellate  projection  at  apex  beneath  ; 
the  clypeus  at  base  sometimes,  the  sides  of  the  face,  and  a  luuular 
mark  on  each  side  of  the  anterior  ocellus  whitish  yellow ;  the 
thorax  anteriorly  with  a  band  of  whitish-brown  pubescence. 

Hah.  North-West  Provinces  ;  Sikhim  ;  Barrackpore  :  Burma  ; 
Tenasserim  ;  Ceylon.  5  •  Length  27-29  ;  exj).  68  mm.  c?  ■  Length 
25-27  ;  exp.  60-64  mm. 

This  species  resembles  X.  auripennis,  but  it  is  larger,  and  the 
male  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  yellow  lunule  on  each  side  of 
the  anterior  ocellus. 

944.  Xylocopa  nigrocserulea.  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1874,  p.  279,  2  ; 

Dall.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  215. 

$ .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  opaque,  densely  and  finely 
punctured  all  over,  even  on  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum ;  clypeus 
obscurely  medially  carinate,  the  carina  continued  up  the  front  to 
the  anterior  ocellus,  most  pi'ominent  between  the  antennae.  Head 
aud  thorax  dull  black ;  abdomen  deep  obscure  bottle-green  ;  pu- 
bescence black,  dark  sooty  brown  on  the  mesonotum  anteriorly  ; 
wings  light  fuscous  brown  with  a  slight  purplish  lustre,  and  some- 
what paler,  almost  subhyaline  on  the  disc. 

Hab.  Celebes  ;  Ceylon.     $  .  Length  22  ;  exp.  48  mm. 

945.  Xylocopa  fenestrata. 

Apis  fenestrata,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  Suppl.  p.  273,  (J . 
Xylocopa  indica,  Kluff,  Mag.  n.  Entd.  ges.  Naturk.,  Berlin,  i,  1807, 
p.  264. 

?  Xylocopa  lunata,  Klug,  t.  c.  p.  264,  t.  vii,  fig.  2,  $  var. 

2  .  Head  finely  and  closely,  thorax  and  abdomen  more  sparsely 
punctured,  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum  impunctate ;  clypeus  very 
slightly  convex,  nearly  flat,  widely  emarginate  anteriorly  ;  front 
not  carinate  ;  mesonotum  with  three  obscure,  parallel,  longitu- 
dinally impressed  abbreviated  lines.  Black,  shining,  the  pubes- 
cence black,  ferruginous  along  the  apex  of  the  anal  abdominal  seg- 
ment, sparse  except  on  the  intermediate  and  posterior  legs,  where 
it  is  dense,  long,  and  of  a  sooty-black  colour  ;  third  abdominal 
segment  with,  sometimes,  a  minute  spiracular  lateral  impression 
near  its  base  covered  with  short  yellow  pubescence;  wings  dark 
fuscous,  with  a  purple  and  coppery  effulgence,  and  with  obscure 
hyaline  lines  between  the  nervures  at  base. 

c?  similar,  narrower  in  shape,  the  wings  paler,  with  the  hyaline 
lines  more  clearly  defined. 

Hab.  Throughout  India,  most  plentiful  in  the  North-West 


540 


Proviuces  ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ;  Cevlon ;  Celebes.  $  .  Lenqth 
22-24 ;  exp.  46-50  mm.       •  Length  2\—22  ;         44  uira. 

946.  Xylocopa  amethystina,  Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  325 ;  Dull.  Ton: 

Cat.  X,  p.  204. 
Xylocopa  minuta,  Lepel.  Ilym.  ii,  p.  190. 
Xylocopa  ignita,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1874,  p.  276. 

? .  Head  and  thorax  anteriorly,  and  on  the  sides  and  npex  of 
the  mesouotum  finely  and  closely,  abdomen  sparsely  punctured,  the 
last  with  long  soft  thin  pubescence  ou  the  apical  three  or  four 
segments  ;  clypeus  medially  obscurely  cariuate  ;  front  between  the 
antenna  with  a  small  but  acute  and  prominent  tubercle.  Black 
with  black  pubescence  ;  wings  fuscous,  with  a  deep  purple  lustre. 

d  similar,  smaller  ;  the  clypeus  and  sides  of  the  face  and  apex 
of  the  labrum  yellowish  white ;  the  pubescence  on  the  mesonotum 
anteriorly,  on  the  sides  of  the  thorax  in  front,  and  on  the  anterior 
tibiso  and  tarsi  pale  brown,  almost  cinereous  on  the  tarsi ;  winps 
paler  than  in  the  female,  in  some  specimens  hyaline  at  base. 

Bab.  Punjnb  ;  North-West  Provinces  ;  Kumaun  ;  Bombay  ; 
Malabar;  Ceylon.  $  .  Length  13-17 ;  exp.  -37-39  mm.  d  .  Length 
12-14  ;  ca-p.  29-32  mm. 

947.  Xylocopa  iridipennis,  Le2)el.  Hym.  ii,  p.  188,  $  ;  Smith,  Cat.  ii, 

p.  353 ;  Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  213. 
?  Xylocopa  cliloroptera,  Home  {nec  Lepel.),  Trans.  Zool.  Soc.  vii, 
1870,  p.  179. 

$  c?  •  Closely  resembling  X.  clissiniilis,  but  longer  and  narrower 
in  both  sexes,  the  puncturiugs  ou  the  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen, 
especially  on  the  last,  finer,  closer  and  deeper  ;  the  male  with  the 
front  entirely  black,  and  with  no  lateral  yellow  lunules  ;  the  pu- 
bescence on  the  sides  of  the  abdomen  longer  and  more  dense  than 
in  X.  disshnilis.  The  wings  are  very  different,  being  deep  metallic 
blue  at  base,  turning  to  greenish  and  deep  rosy  coppery  red 
tow  ards  the  apex  of  the  fore  wing. 

Var.  A  line  on  the  pronotum  above  and  the  tubercles  covered 
with  light  brown  pubescence. 

Hah.  North-West  Provinces;  Bengal;  Madras;  Bangalore; 
Burma;  Tenasserim;  Sumatra;  China.  $  cJ.  Length  25-27; 
exp.  66-69  mm. 

I  am  not  quite  certain  whether  I  have  identified  this  species 
correctly.  The  above  description  is  taken  from  specimens  in  the 
British  Museum,  probably  labelled  by  the  late  Mr.  F.  Smith. 

948.  Xylocopa  aestuans. 

A-pis  sBstunns,  L{)in.  Syst.  Nat.  i,  ed.  X, -p.  57Q,  2- 
Xylocopa  sestuans,  Lepel.  Hym.  ii,  p.  193,  j  J  >  Smith,  Cat.  ii, 
p.  353 ;  Hall.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  202. 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  punctured,  the  thorax 
above  densely  pubescent,  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum  smooth  and 
impunctate  under  the  pubescence ;  clypeus  flat,  transverse  in 


XTLOOOPA. 


541 


the  middle  .interiorly,  the  sides  oblique  ;  clypeus  and  front  not 
carinate.  Black ;  the  pubescence  on  the  head  and  face,  on  the 
sides  of  the  thorax  and  beneath,  and  on  the  abdomen  black  ;  on 
the  thorax  above  it  is  bright  yellow ;  wings  dark  fuscous  with  a 
purple  effulgence. 

cf  .  Black,  covered  all  over  with  a  dense  olive-yellow  pubescence, 
darker  or  paler  according  to  locality,  those  from  Sikhim,  Burma, 
and  Tenasserim  being  darker  than  specimens  from  the  Punjab, 
N.W.  Provinces,  and  Bombay  ;  posterior  tarsi  with  brown  pubes- 
cence ;  wings  hyaline. 

Hah.  Throughout  India,  Assam,  Tenasserim ;  Burma  ;  Ceylon ; 
extending  to  Africa  on  the  west  and  to  the  Malayan  region  on  the 
east.  2°.  Length  21-23 ;  exp.  41-48  mm.  6  .  Length  3  8-20  ; 
exp.  40-42  mm. 

949.  Xylocopa  verticalis,  Lepel.  Hym.  ii,  p.  195,  $  S  ;  DM-  Torr. 

Cat.  X,  p.  219. 

2  c?  •  Somewhat  like  the  two  sexes  respectively  in  X.  cestuans : 
the  female,  however,  a  more  compact  insect,  with  the  thorax  more 
globular  ;  the  cheeks,  occiput,  tlie  thorax  above  and  on  the  sides, 
and  the  basal  abdominal  segment  covered  with  dense  yellow 
pubescence  having  a  soft  velvety  appearance  ;  legs  with  a  sooty- 
brown  pubescence,  turning  to  ferruginous  on  the  inside  of  all  the 
tarsi;  wings  fuscous  with  a  purplish  effulgence,  subhyaUne  at 
base. 

(S  differs  from  X.  cestuans  c?  only  in  having  the  legs  covered 
with  a  rich  reddish -yellow,  instead  of  an  olive,  pubescence. 

Hah.  Barrackpore.  $.  Length  19-24;  exp.  44-48  mm.  6 
slightly  smaller. 

950.  Xylocopa  ■bryorum  *. 

Apis  bryonim,  Fabr.  Syst.  Ent.  p.  381 . 

Xylocopa  bryorum,  Smith,  Tram.  Ent.  Soc.  1874,  p.  275 ;  Dall. 
'Ton:  Cat.'x,  p.  206. 

5  .  Very  closely  resembling  X.  cestuans,  but  constantly  larger, 
the  abdomen  more  closely  punctured,  the  yellow  pubescence  of  the 
thorax  spreading  on  to  the  back  of  the  head  and  cheeks,  and  some- 
times to  the  basal  abdominal  segment ;  wings  variable,  but  in  the 
majority  of  specimens  lighter  in  colour. 

cj  also  larger  than  X.  cestuans  S ,  the  pubescence  a  darker 
olive  than  in  that  species ;  the  inside  of  the  intermediate  and 


*  Smith  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  1864,  p.  48,  desoribe.s,  from  Mysol,  Waigiou,  &c., 
a  Xylocopa  prooida,  the  female  of  which  apparently  differs  from  the  female  of 
X.  (sstuans  in  having  the  thorax  only  posteriorly  covered  with  yellow  pubes- 
cence. In  the  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1874,  p.  274,  Smith  adds  N.  India  to  the 
localities  from  which  it  has  been  obtained.  In  the  British  Museum  collection 
there  are,  however,  only  three  specimens,  all  males,  of  this  species,  and  all  are 
from  the  Malayan  region.  So  far  as  these  specimms  are  concerned,  I  can  see 
no  difference  between  them  and  the  males  of  X.  bryorum. 


542 


APIDJE. 


posterior  tibite  and  tarsi  with  fuscous  dark  brown  pubescence ; 
wings  hyaline  or  fusco-hyaline  -with  a  purple  efPulgence. 

Ilah.  Sikhim;  Malabar;  Ceylon;  8outh  Teuasserim;  through 
the  Malayan  region  to  Australia.  5  .  Lengih  24-27 ;  exp.  45- 
50  mm.     (S  .  Length  21-23;  exp.  45-48  mm. 

The  two  species,  X.  cestuans  and  X  hryorum,  are  so  closely 
allied  that  I  would  join  them  were  it  not  that  the  distribution 
of  the  two  forms  is  not  exactly  conterminous.  In  Teuasserim 
X.  hryorum  occurs  commonly  about  Tavoy  and  Mergui,  but  not  to 
the  north. 

951.  Xylocopa  basalis,  Smith,  Cat.  11,  p.  355,  $  S  ;  I^all.  Ton:  Cat. 
X,  p.  205. 

$  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  finely  and  somewhat  sparsely 
punctured,  the  punctures  most  dense  on  the  cheeks,  on  the  sides  of 
the  vertex,  and  sides  of  the  abdominal  segments  above,  the  disc  of 
the  mesonotum,  base  of  scutellum,  base  and  apex  of  1st  abdominal 
segment  and  the  apices  narrowly  in  the  middle  of  the  remaining 
segments  impunctate,  smooth  and  shining ;  sides  of  the  face  and 
front  to  just  below  the  vertex  depressed,  the  margin  of  the  depres- 
sion sharp,  transverse  ;  a  sharp  tubercle  below  the  anterior 
ocellus.  Black  ;  the  clypeus,  the  face,  and  front  to  the  margin  of 
the  depressed  portion  covered  densely  with  cinereous  white  pubes- 
cence ;  the  lateral  margins  of  the  basal  three  abdominal  segments 
and  the  lateral  and  apical  margins  of  the  remaining  segments 
fringed  with  long  pale  yellowish-white  pubescence;  antennoe 
bright  piceous  brown ;  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibias  and 
tarsi  with  rufo-fuscous  pubescence  ;  wings  fuscous  with  a  light 
purplish  lustre,  basal  half  hyaline. 

cj  similar  ;  the  pubescence  on  the  clypeus  fulvous,  a  tuft  of 
white  pubescence  on  the  tubercles  ;  the  basal  joint  of  the  posterior 
tarsi  incrassate,  and  with  a  little  white  pubescence  near  the  apex  of 
the  tibiee. 

Hab.  Northern  India.     $  J  .  Length  15-19  ;  exjp.  34-36  mm. 

*952.  Xylocopa  albofasciata,  Sic7i.  Novam-Beise,  Hym.  p.  154,  $  ; 
Dull.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  204. 

"  5  .  Head  black,  punctured,  with  sparse  black  pubescence ; 
antennae  beneath  fuscous ;  mandibles  bidentate ;  clypeus  medially 
subcarinate ;  eyes  not  convergent  at  vertex.  Thorax  black,  with 
black  pubescence,  deeply  but  sparsely  punctured ;  scutellum  mar- 
gined posteriorly,  emargiuate  in  the  middle,  metathorax  (median 
segment)  abruptly  truncate.  Abdomen  black,  non-pul3escent, 
opaque,  but  densely  and  strongly  punctured  :  base  of  1st  segment 
truncate ;  segments  2-5  with  a  dense  long  fimbria  of  pubescence 
on  each  side;  segments  1-5  with  a  narrow  basal  fascia  of  short 
white  pile.  Anal  segment  and  abdomen  beneath  black,  with  black 
pubescence.  Legs  black,  with  black  pubescence.  Wings  fuscous, 
subhyaline,  with  green  and  pale  coppery  and  golden  lustre ;  nervures 
fuscous.      Length  35 ;  wing  26  mm. 

''Hab.  Ceylon." 


XTLOCOPA. 


543 


953.  Xylocopa  coUaris,  Lcpel.  Ilym.  ii,  p.  189,  ?;  Smith,  Cat.  ii, 

p.  ■J.o.i ;  mil.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  208. 
Xylouopa  dejeaiiii,  Lepel.  JJym.  ii,  p.  209,  cJ. 

$ .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  punctured,  very  finely  and 
closelv  on  the  head  and  abdomen,  less  closely  on  the  disc  of  the 
iiiesonotuin  and  on  the  scutelluin  ;  a  distinct  line  medial  vertical 
carina  from  the  apex  ot'  the  clypeus  to  between  the  base  of  the 
antenuce,  continued  as  a  furrow  to  the  anterior  ocellus.  Black, 
with  black  pubescence  ;  the  prouotum,  the  sides  of  the  thorax 
anteriorly,  and  the  front  of  the  mesonotuai  clothed  with  erect 
dense  white  pubescence ;  wings  dull  fuscous,  with  a  moderate 
purple  eifulgence. 

J .  The  frontal  carina  abbreviated,  not  coming  below  the  base 
of  the  clypeus.  Black ;  the  clypeus,  sides  of  the  face,  the  front 
below  the  anterior  ocellus,  a  broad  line  by  the  eyes  over  the  vertex, 
and  the  scape  of  the  antennte  pale  yellowish  white  ;  the  pubescence 
on  the  vertex,  the  pronotum,  sides  of  the  thorax  anteriorly,  front 
of  the  mesonotura,  anterior  legs,  and  the  basal  one  or  two  segments 
of  the  abdomen  ochraceous  ;  wings  subhj-aline,  lightly  fuscous  with 
purple  effulgence. 

Var.  The  whule  thorax  covered  with  ochraceous  pubescence ; 
in  some  specimens  the  3i-d  abdominal  segment  also  covered  with  a 
thin  ochraceous  down ;  very  variable  in  size. 

Hah.  Sikhim  ;  Allahabad  ;  Kumaun  ;  Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ; 
Ceylon;  extending  into  the  Malayan  region  and  Siara.  J.  Length 
18-19  ;  exp.  40-42  mm.     d  •  Length  14-19  ;  exy.  32-44  mm. 

954.  Xylocopa  rufescens,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  1874,  p.  271,  5; 

£in(jh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  viii,  1893,  p.  388,  pi.  i,  %.  2 ; 
Bail.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  217. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  more 
or  less  densely  pubescent  and  finely  and 
closely  punctured  under  the  pubescence. 
Eufo-fuscous,  with  golden-brown  pu- 
bescence varying  in  depth  of  colour  and 
brightness;  antenn£B  rufous  brown,  the 
flagellum  paler  beneath  ;  wings  fulvo- 
hyaline,  paler  along  the  apical  and  pos- 
terior margins. 

(J  similar,  with  the  pubescence  paler 
but  brighter  and  more  dense  on  the 
abdomen  ;  the  clypeus  and  face  yellow  *. 
Pig  182.  Hab.  Sikhim  ;   Burma  ;  Tenasserim  ; 

Xylocopa  rufescens,  (S .   \.     Java,  Sumatra,  Borneo.     5  J.  Length 

28-30  ;  exp.  57-60  mm. 

»  The  following  species,  described  by  Lepeletier  St.-Fargeau  from  India, 
I  nave  been  wholly  unable  to  identify  ;  so  far  as  1  know,  it  has  not  been  procured 
ol'  late  years,  and  may  not  be  Indian  : — 

Xylocopa  PEitituaiNHA.—"  Antenna;  nigra;.  Caput  et  thorax  nigra,  nigro 
villosa.  Abdomen  nigrum,  totum  ferrugineo  subTillosum  niai-gineque  ciliatum. 
Pedes  nigri,  nigro  villosi.    Aim  violaceo-fuscie." — Lepel.  Hym.  ii,  p.  187,  J. 


544 


apid;e. 


955.  Xylocopa  caerulea.   (PI.  IV,  fig.  8.) 

Bombua  cajruleiis,  Fabr.  Si/st.  Piez.  p.  345. 

Xylocopa  cronilea,  Lepel.  Tlym.  ii,  p.  200 ;  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  357  ; 
Dall.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  207. 

2  c?  .  Head,  thorax,  and  basal  abdominal  segment  densely  pubes- 
cent, and  punctured  finely  and  closely  under  the  pubescence, 
except  on  the  disc  ol:  the  mesouotum  which  is  smooth.  Black; 
the  intermediate  and  posterior  legs  and  the  sides  of  the  apical 
five  abdominal  segments  with  black  pubescence ;  the  head,  thorax, 
and  anterior  tibiiB  with  a  beautiful  blue  pubescence ;  the  pubes- 
cence on  the  anterior  tarsi  black ;  wings  dark  fuscous  with  a 
purple  effulgence. 

Hah.  Sikhim  ;  Burma;  Tenasserim  ;  extending  as  far  as  New 
Caledonia.  Length  17-19;  exp.  38-40  mm.    I  have  not  see 

the  male. 

956.  Xylocopa  flavonigrescens,  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  354,  s ;  Dall.  Torr. 

Cat.  X,  p.  211. 

cJ .  Head  and  thorax  densely,  abdomen  sparsely  pubescent, 
the  last  very  finely,  closely,  and  regularly  punctured  ;  the  clypeus, 
face  in  front,  vertex  of  the  head,  thorax,  and  basal  abdominal 
segment  above  with  bright  yellow  pubescence  ;  the  cheeks  behind 
the  eyes,  the  2nd  and  following  segments  of  the  abdomen  with 
black  pubescence,  having  an  obscure  olive  tinge  on  segments  2-4 ; 
a  very  narrow  line  of  bright  yellow  pubescence  slightly  interrupted 
in  the  middle  at  the  bases  of  the  4th,  5th,  and  6th  segments,  and 
the  ventral  segments  fringed  with  long  yellow  hairs ;  antennae  black ; 
the  sf'ape  and  apical  ten  joints  of  the  flagell am  testaceous  yellow 
beneath;  legs  black,with  fuscous-brown  pubescence, the  anteriorand 
intermediate  tibiae  and  tarsi  posteriorly,  and  the  apical  three  joints 
of  the  latter  anteriorly,  also  fringed  with  long  pale  pubescence  ; 
wings  fusco-hyaline,  with  a  rich  purple  effulgence. 

Hah.  Sylhet ;  Southern  Tenasserim.  J  •  Length  24-25 ;  exp. 
54  mm.     ?  unknown. 

Genus  BOMBUS. 
Bombus,  Latr.  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  iii,  p.  385  (1802). 

Type,  B.  ferrestris,  Fabr. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

The  species  belonging  to  this  genus  are  densely  pubescent.  Head 
not  so  wide  as  the  thorax,  with  front  and  face  frequently  elongate  ; 
the  eves  rather  narrow,  not  reaching  down  to  the  base  of  the 
mandibles  ;  the  ocelli  nearly  in  a  straight  line  on  the  vertex  ;  the 
antennae  geniculate,  long  and  filiform  in  the  6 ;  the  clypeus 
convex,  generally  much  longer  than  broad  ;  labrum  ciliated,  and 
in  all  the  Indian  species  I  know  incised  in  the  middle ;  mandibles 
stout,  broad,  grooved  at  their  apex,  which  is  rounded;  tongue 
elongate,  pubescent ;  labial  palpi  4-jointed,  the  proportions  of  the 


BOMBtrS. 


545 


2  3 
Fig.  183. — Bombus.    1,  mandible  ; 
2,  maxilla  ;  3,  labium.  (Much  enlarged.) 


basal  two  joints  rarying  in  different  species,  apical  two  joints 
always  minute  ;  maxillary  palpi   2-jointed,  of  variable  lengtli. 

Thorax  globose :  wings  long ; 
fore  wing  with  the  radial  cell 
narrow  towards  the  apex, 
rounded  and  slightly  appendi- 
culate ;  three  cubital  cells,  the 
2nd  cell  of  very  characteristic 
shape,  narrowed,  curved,  and 
produced  inwards  towards  the 
base,  receiving  the  1st  recur- 
7'ent  nervure,  in  all  the  Indian 
species  known  to  me,  before  the 
middle  ;  the  3rd  cubital  ce:l 
narrowed  towards  the  radial, 
receiving  the  2nd  recurrent 
nervure  towards  the  apex ;  legs 
stout,  the  posterior  pair  in  the 
female  smoota,  with  the  tibiae 
and  tarsi  broad  and  flattened, 
the  former  denselj  fringed  with 
long  curled  hair  on  the  outer  side,  forming  a  corbicula  or  pollen- 
basket  ;  the  basal  joint  of  the  tarsi  oblong,  externally  concave, 
its  edges  fringed  with  short  stiff  hairs  ;  the  inner  surface  furnished 
with  a  dense  brush  of  short  hairs ;  the  joint  is  notched  at  base,  with 
a  stout  external  tooth  ;  claws  of  the  tarsi  bifid ;  in  the  male  the 
legs  are  longer,  the  posterior  tibiae  only  slightly  widened  at  apbx 
and  convex  externally.  Abdomen  always  more  or  less  densely 
pubescent. 

The  Indian  species  of  Bombus  occur,  so  far  as  I  know,  only  on 
the  higher  hills,  especially  in  the  Himalayas.  The  habits  are  very 
similar  to  those  of  their  British  allies,  but  no  observations  have 
been  recorded  as  to  which  species  are  surface-builders  and  which 
burrowers-under-grouud.  The  female,  males,  and  orkers  differ 
considerably  in  size. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  Mesonotum  above  with  a  ti'ansverse  band  of 
pubescence  diflerently  coloured  to  rest  of 
pubescence  on  thorax. 
a.  Pubescence  on  2nd  abdominal  segment 
black. 

a' .  Pubescence  on  1st  abdominal  segment 

hoary  white   £.  rufofasciatus,^.  547. 

b' .  Pubescence  on  1st  abdominal  segment 

yellow. 

a^.  Pubescence  on  legs  black    B.  viontivagus,  p.  547. 

b".  Pubescence  on  legs  fulvous. 

a'.  Clypeus  much  longer  than  broad  .    B.  mayrettii,  p.  648. 
b^.  Clypeus  much  broader  than  long  .    B.  channicus,  p.  548. 
6.  Pubescence  on  2nd  abdominal  segment 

yellow    B.  trifasdatus,  p.  548. 

VOL.  I.  2  N 


546 


c.  Pubescence  on  2nd  abdominal  segment 
hoary  or  ochraceoiis  white. 
«'.  Abdominal  segments  3-5  with  ochra- 
ceuiis-white  nubescence,  the  bases  of 
segments  witli  transverse  black  pubes- 
cent fascire    B.permiatus, -p.  bi8. 

b'.  Abdominal  segment  3  with  black,  4  and 

5  wth  orange-red  pubescence    B.  tunicatua,  p.  649. 

B.  Mesonotum  without  a  transverse  band  of 
pubescence,  differently  coloured  to  rest  of 
pubescence  on  thorax. 
a.  Pubescence  on  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen 
all  of  one  colour. 

a'.  Pubescence  black    B.  eximius,  p.  549. 

//.  Pubescence  yellow    B.  Jlavescena,p.5bO. 

h.  Pubescence  on  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen 
not  all  of  one  colour. 
a'.  Apical  two  or  more  abdominal  segments 
with  black  pubescence. 
a^.  Pubescence  on  3rd  abdominal  segment 
fuscous  brown  or  black, 
a'.  Pubescence  on  thorax  yellow  ....    B.  melanurus,  p.  550. 
b^.  Pubescence    on    thorax  fuscous 

brown   B.  assamensis,  p.  550. 

V^.  Pubescence  on  3rd  abdominal  segment 

fulvous   B.  andamanus,  p.  561. 

b'.  Apical  two  or  more  abdominal  segments 
with  grey  or  hoary-white  pubescence. 
a^.  Pubescence  on  2nd  abdominal  seg- 
ment bright  fawn-colour    B.  atrucinctus,  p.  551. 

b''.  Pubescence  on  2nd  abdominal  seg- 
ment silvery  grey,  narrowly  black 

along  base    B.  funerarius,  p.  551. 

c^.  Pubescence  on  2nd  abdominal  seg- 
ment black. 
a^.  Pubescence  on  thorax  above  rich 

fulvous  red    B.  terminalis,  p.  552. 

fi^  Pubescence  on  thorax  above  hoary 
or  ochraceous  white, 
a*.  Pubescence  on   1st  abdominal  [p.  552. 

segment  pale  yellow    B.  Jlavothoracicus, 

b'^.  Pubescence  on  1st  abdominal 

segment  black   B.  festivus,  p.  653. 

c'.  Apical  two  or  more  abdominal  segments 
with  yellow  or  red  pubescence  of  some 

shade.  [p.  552. 

d'.  Pubescence  on  thorax  silvery  grey  . .    B.  funerarius,  var., 
V^.  Pubescence  on  thorax  ochraceous  or 
yellow. 

a?.  Pubescence  on  3rd  abdominal  seg- 
ment vermilion-red   B.  miniatus,  p.  553. 

b^.  Pubescence  on  3rd  abdominal  seg- 
ment brown   B.  vallestris,  p.  653. 

c'^.  Pubescence  on  thorax  black. 

a^.  Pubescence  on  3rd  abdominal  seg-  [p.  554. 

ment  bright  rufo-fulvous    B.  hamorrhoidaiis, 


nOMBUS. 


547 


b^.  Pubescence  on  Srd  abdominal  seg- 
ment black, 
o*.  Basal  two  abdominal  segments 

with  black  tiubesconce    B.  sirnillimus,  p.  554. 

i'.  Basal  two  abdominal  segments 

with  yellow  pubescence   B.  orientalis,  p.  555. 

(P.  Pubescence  ou  thorax  bright  fulvous.    B.  lom/ice.pH,  p.  655. 

957.  Bombus  rufofasciatus,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  n.  s.  ii,  1852, 

p.  48,  ?  ;  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  545. 

2  ■  Head  and  face  elongate,  with  long  pubescence  ou  the  front, 
between  the  antennse  and  above  the  clypeus  ;  the  clypeus,  vertex, 
and  cheeks  finely  and  closely  punctured  ;  the  thorax  and  abdomen 
densely  pubescent,  the  apical  segment  of  the  last  above  without 
pubescence,  convex  and  pimctured.  The  head,  the  pronotum,  the 
mesonotum  posteriorly,  the  scutellum,  the  sides  of  the  thorax,  the 
upper  part  of  the  legs,  and  the  2nd  abdominal  segment  with  long 
black  pubescence ;  a  band  on  the  mesonotum  anteriorly,  the 
median  segment,  the  basal  and  the  4th  to  6th  abdominal  segments 
with  greyish-white,  and  the  3rd  segment  with  bright  fulvous-red 
pubescence  ;  the  pubescence  short  and  pale  golden  on  the  tibias  and 
tarsi,  and  bright  fulvous  at  the  extreme  apex  of  the  anal  segment ; 
wings  hyaline,  lightly  fascescent  towards  the  apical  margins. 

9  similar,  smaller,  the  basal  two  abdominal  segments  with  pale 
yellow,  the  3rd  with  black,  and  the  apical  three  with  orange-red 
pubescence. 

Bah.  Northern  India  (Smith) ;  Sikhim,  12,500  ft.  ?  .  LengtJi 
28 ;  exp.  48  mm.    ^ .  Leivc/tli  15  ;  exp.  31  mm. 

958.  Bombus  montiva^s,  Smith,  J.  A.  8.  B.  xlvii,  1878,  p.  168,  2  ; 

Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  535  ;  Binqh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  viii, 
p.  388,  pi.  i,  fig.  12. 

$  .  Head  and  face  elongate,  only  pubescent  on  the  front  between 
the  antennae  and  on  the  occiput,  the  rest  smooth,  shining,  with  a 
few  minute  punctures  on  the  cheeks  and  vertex  ;  the  thorax  and 
abdomen  densely  pubescent,  the  apical  segment  of  the  latter 
narrowly  bare  above,  with  a  short  medial  furrow.  Black  ;  the 
pubescence  on  the  head,  the  mesonotum,  on  the  scutellum 
anteriorly,  the  legs,  and  on  the  2nd  and  3rd  abdominal  segments 
black ;  on  the  pronotum,  the  sides  of  the  thorax,  the  scutellum 
posteriorly,  the  median  segment,  and  on  the  apical  three 
abdominal  segments  fulvous  red ;  on  the  basal  abdominal  segment 
bright  yellow  ;  wings  fuscous,  dull,  with  scarcely  any  effulgence. 

9  similar ;  smaller  ;  a  patch  of  white  pubescence  beneath  the 
wings  and  on  the  sides  of  the  median  segment ;  the  2nd  to  the 
4th  abdominal  segments  with  black,  the  apical  two  segments  only 
with  fulvous-red  pubescence. 

Hab.  Pegu  Hills,  Burma  ;  Dawnat  Eange,  4000  ft ;  Karennee, 
5000  ft.     2.  Length  25;  exp.  50  mm.  Length  16;  exp. 

32  mm.     c?  unknown. 

2n2 


548 


*959.  Bombus  ma^rettii,  Grih.  Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Hal.  xxiii,  p.  115,  2  J ; 

Dall.  Ton.  Cat.  x,  p.  632. 

"  ?  c? .  Black,  the  tarsi  sometimes  (chiefly  the  posterior  four) 
more  or  less  nifo-ferruginous ;  head  much  lengthened ;  the 
clypeus  much  higher  than  broad  ;  cheeks  broader  tliau  the  eyes  ; 
the  apical  ventral  segment  obsoletely  canaliculate  ;  head,  the  disc 
of  the  thorax,  and  the  2nd  and  3rd  abdominal  segments  above 
clothed  with  black,  the  rest  of  the  thorax,  the  legs,  and  the  4th  and 
following  abdominal  segments  with  fulvous  pubescence ;  the  tibiae 
and  tarsi,  sometimes  also  the  apical  abdominal  segment,  vvifh 
ferruginous  pubescence ;  the  pubescence  on  the  basal  abdominal 
segment  yellow  ;  wings  subinfuscate. 

"  y .  Length  14  mm.     c?  •  Length  10-13  mm." 

Hah.  Shan  Toma,  Burma. 

Unknown  to  me,  but  closely  resembling  B.  montivagus,  Smith, 
differing  apparently  only  in  the  colour  of  the  legs. 

*960.  Bombus  channicus,  Grih.  Bull.  Soc.  JEnt.  Ital.  xxiii,  t^.  116,  $  ^  ; 
Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  514. 

"  ?  9.  Closely  resembling  and  allied  to  B.  magrettii;  but 
the  head  is  shorter,  the  clypeus  much  broader  than  high,  and  the 
cheeks  uniformly  in  transverse  diameter  half  the  width  of  the 
eyes. — Length,  2  19  mm.;  §  10  mm." 

Hah.  Shan  Toma,  Burma. 

961.  Bomhus  trifasciatus,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  n.  s.  ii,1852,  p.  43, 
2 ,  pi.  viii,  fio:.  4. 

Bombus  hjematurus,  Kriechb.,  var.  trifasciatus, -HantZi.  Ann.  Natur- 
hist.  Hofmus.  Wien,  iii  (1888),  p.  215. 
2  .  Head  and  face  not  particularly  elongate :  the  front  and 
cheeks  with  a  dense  short  pile,  and  on  the  front  tufts  of  long 
pubescence  ;  vertex,  space  between  eyes  beneath,  and  base  of 
mandibles  bare,  polished  and  shining  ;  the  thorax  and  abdomen 
densely  pubescent;  anal  segment  above  bare,  finely  punctured. 
Head, 'a  broad  transverse  band  on  the  thorax,  the  legs,  and  the 
3rd  abdominal  segment  with  black  pubescence  ;  the  thorax  an- 
teriorly and  posteriorlv,  and  the  median  segment  with  pale,  and 
the  basal  two  abdominal  segments  with  brighter  yellow  pubescence ; 
the  fine  dense  pile  on  the  face  and  cheeks  pale  ochraceous ;  the 
apical  three  abdominal  segments  with  rich  fulvous-red  pubescence  ; 
the  apex  of  the  tibise  and  the  tarsi  with  ferruginous  pile  ;  wings 

fusco-hyaline.  , ,    ,   ,     j        .^i  i-i 

5  similar,  smaller ;  the  transverse  black  band  on  the  thorax 

Hah  'Chusan,  China  (Smith);  Sikhim,  12,500  ft.,  on  the  pass 
(Jelap  La)  into  Chumbi.  2  •  LengtJi  24-26  ;  cvjj.  52-54  mm. 
^.  Length  19;  e.rp.  42  mm. 

962.  Bombus  personatus,  Smith,  Nejv  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  132,  2  i 
Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  540. 
2    Head  and  face  narrow,  elongate  ;  the  vertex,  cheeks,  and 


BOMBUS. 


549 


clypens  bare,  finely  punctured ;  the  space  between  the  eyes  and 
base  of  maudibles  highly  polished,  itnpunctate,  shining.  Black, 
covered  with  ocbraceous  white  pubescence;  a  broad  transverse 
band  between  the  tegulaj  witb  dense,  and  the  base  of  abdominal 
segments  3-5  with  bands  of  thin,  black  pubescence;  the  apical 
segment  with  a  thin  covering  of  black  hairs  above  ;  the  pubescence 
on  the  head  and  face  sprinkled  plentifully  with  black  hairs,  and 
the  greater  part  of  the  legs  covered  with  short  black,  the  inside  of 
the  posterior  tarsi  with  ferruginous  pubescence ;  wings  hyaline, 
broadly  fuscesceut  along  their  apical  margins. 

Hah.  Kuuawar  District,  Northern  India.  5  .  Length  22  ;  ex^j. 
46  mm.     ^  and  d  unknown.* 


963.  Bombus  tunicatus.    (PI.  IV,  fig.  10.) 

^mith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  n.  s.  ii,  1852,  p.  43,  pi.  viii,  fig.  7 ;  Ball. 
To7-r.  Cat.  x,  p.  560. 

2 .  Head  and  face  not  particularly  long ;  clypeus,  cheeks 
vertex,  and  space  between  the  orbits  of  the  eyes  beneath  and  the 
base  of  the  mandibles  bare,  shining,  punctured  ;  the  front  above 
the  clypeus,  the  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely 
pubescent;  apical  abdominal  segment  bare 
above,  punctured,  not  carinate.  Black ;  the 
head,  a  transverse  broad  fascia  between  the 
wings,  the  legs,  and  the  3rd  abdominal  seg- 
ment covered  with  black,  thorax  anteriorly 
and  posteriorly  and  the  basal  two  abdominal 
segments  with  hoary  white,  and  the  apical 
three  abdominal  segments  with  bright  orange- 
red  pubescence  ;  wings  fusco-hyaline,  darker 
towards  the  costal  margin, 
the  head  entirely  covered  with  thin  (not 
^  fuscous  pubescence ;  the  transverse  fascia 
on  the  mesonotum  between  the  wings  narrower ;  wings  somewhat 
paler. 

9  resembles  the  $  ,  much  smaller ;  the  2nd,  sometimes  also  1st, 
abdominal  segment  with  dull  orange-red  pubescence. 

Eab.  China ;  Kumaun  ;  Mussooree  {Rotlmey).  $  .  Length  20-22  • 
exp.  43-45  mm.  § .  Length  13-15 ;  exp.  27-29  mm.  ^ .  Length 
17  ;  exp.  36  mm. 


Fig.  \dA.— Bombus 
tunicatus,  J.  \- 

d  similar,  smaller 
dense)  rather  long 


964.  Bombus  eximius,  Smith,  Trans.  Bnt.  Soc.  n.  s.  ii,  1852,  p.  47,  $ , 
pi.  viii,  fig.  5  ;  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  519. 

$  .  Head  and  face  not  particularly  elongate  ;  the  clypeus  convex  ; 
vertex  of  bead,  the  cheeks,  space  between  the  orbits  of  the  eyes 
beneath  and  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  and  the  clypeus  smooth 


*  B.  BBLLioosns,^  Smith,  New  Sp.  Hym.  B.  M.  p.  131,  stated  to  be  from 
"  Sumatra  or  India,"  is  without  doubt  American,  and  identical  with  £.  thoraoicus 
Sich.  (nec  Spin.),  Ann.  Sou.  Ent.  Fr.  1862,  p.  121.  ' 


550 


and  .shilling.  Blac-k,  with  long  black  pubescence ;  the  legs  bright 
testaceous;  the  wings  fulvo-hyaliue. 

d  and  ^  smaller,  similar;  the  cJ  differing  only  in  having  longer 
legs. 

Hah.  Sylhet ;  Sikhim,  2000-8000  ft. ;  Taoo  plateau,  4000  ft. ; 
Moolayit,  5000  ft.;  Tenasserim.  2-  Length  28-Sl ;  exjp.  5Q- 
50  mm.     5.  Length  15-21 ;  exjp.  33-40  mm. 

965.  Bomhus  flavescene,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  n.  8.  ii,  1862,  p.  45, 

cJ  ;  Dull.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  520. 

9.  Head  and  face  somewhat  narrow  and  elongate;  the  vertex, 
the  space  between  the  eyes  and  base  of  the  mandibles  (but  not  the 
cheeks),  and  the  clypeus  bare,  smooth  and  shining ;  the  rest  of  the 
head,  the  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  pubescent ;  the  anal  seg- 
ment convex,  bare  and  punctured.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen 
covered  with  long  bright  pale  yellow  pubescence ;  the  legs  bright 
reddish  testaceous ;  wings  hyaline,  very  slightly  fuscescent,  and 
darkening  towards  the  apex, 
similar,  slightly  larger. 

Hub.  Chusan,  China;  Sikhim,  above  10,000  ft.  Length 
12-15  ;  exp.  25-28  mm.     6  .  Length  17  ;  exp.  33  mm. 

966.  Bomhus  melanurus,  Lepel.  Hym.  i,  p.  469,  5  ^  ;  Dull.  Torr.  Cat. 

X,  p.  533. 

Bomhus  altaicns,  Eversm.  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mono,  xix,  pt,  1  (1846),- 
p,  436,  pi.  iv,  fig.  1  ;  Smith,  2nd  Yark.  Miss.,  Hym.  p.  9. 

5  or  9.  Head  and  face  elongate;  front  pubescent;  vertex, 
cheeks,  and  clypeus  finely  punctured:  space  between  eyes  and 
base  of  mandibles  smooth  and  pohshed ;  thorax  and  abdomen 
densely  pubescent ;  apical  four  segments  of  the  latter  more  or  less 
bare  in  the  middle  above  and  punctured.  Black  ;  the  pubescence 
on  the  head  in  front  blackish  mixed  with  griseous  ;  on  the  occiput, 
thorax,  and  basal  two  segments  of  the  abdomen  bright  yellow  ; 
on  the  legs  and  apical  four  segments  of  the  abdomen  jet-black,  on 
the  tarsi  of  the  legs  slightly  rufescent ;  wings  fusco-hyaline  and 
violaceous. 

Hob.  Syria;  Siberia;  Pangong  Valley,  Ladak.  5.  Length  12; 
exp.  26  mm.  1  have  only  seen  a  single  ?  of  this  species.  The 
$  is  said  to  be  27  mm.  long. 

967.  Bomhus  assamensis,  n.  sp. 

.  Head  and  face  narrow  elongate ;  the  vertex,  the  space 
between  the  eyes  and  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  and  the  clypeus 
bare,  smooth,  impunctate;  the  clypeus  boldly  convex  ;  rest  of  the 
head,  the  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  pubescent ;  aual  segment 
above  bare  and  minutely  punctured,  not  carinate.  Head,  pro-  and 
mesonotum,  and  apical  four  abdominal  segments  with  fuscous- 
brown  pubescence,  reddish  in  certain  Ughts ;  the  sides  of  the  thorax 


BOMBUS. 


551 


with  snow-white,  the  basal  two  abcloiiiinal  segments  with  pale 
ochraceous  pubescence  ;  legs  black,  with  fuscous  pubescence,  the 
tibiae  and  tarsi  dark  rut'o-testaceous ;  wings  light  fuscous,  paler 
towards  their  apical  margins. 

cJ  similar,  the  antenuEB  and  legs  only  longer  proportionately. 

Hah.  Margherita,  Assam.  ^  .  LerujtK  16  ;  exf.  34  mm.  J  . 
Laujth  IS  ;  exp.  38  mm. 

*968.  Bombus  andamanus,  Grib.  Ann.  Mus.  Civ.  Gen.  xviii  (1882), 
p.  268,  $  ?  5  ? ;  Dall.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  510. 

g  or  $  .  "  Black,  the  posterior  two  tarsi  red ;  clypeus  slightly 
broader  than  high,  cheeks  trapezoidal  in  outline,  narrower  than 
the  eyes ;  head  and  thorax  with  black  pubescence  mixed  with 
yellowish  hairs,  chiefly  on  the  front  and  on  the  mesopleurffi,  tibiae 
and  tarsi  with  reddish  pubescence ;  abdomen,  the  1st  segment 
covered  with  dense  yellow,  and  a  little  black  pubescence  on  either 
side  of  the  disc  ;  2nd  segment  clothed  broadly  with  fulvous  and  a 
basal  fascia  of  jet-black  pubescence  angularly  produced  in  the 
middle ;  3rd  segment  covered  entirely  with  fulvous,  and  apical 
three  segments  with  black  pubescence ;  beneath,  the  abdomen  has 
yellow  pubescence ;  wings  subfuscous. 

'•      or  $  .  Length  17  mm." 

Hab.  The  Andamaus  {Gribodo). 

969.  Bombus  atrocinctns,  Smith,  Trans.  Zool.  Soc.  vii,  p.  193,  J , 

pi.  xxi,  fig.  13;  Dall.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  612. 

$  or  g  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  pubescent ;  the 
vertex  of  the  head,  and  the  space  between  the 
orbits  of  the  eyes  beneath  and  the  base  of  the 
mandibles  non-pubescent,  highly  polished  and 
shining.  Clypeus  and  head  in  front  with  pale 
ochraceous  pubescence  mixed  with  long  black 
hairs  ;  thorax  and  basal  two  abdominal  segments 
with  brightfawn-colom-ed  pubescence  of  a  deeper 
fulvous  tint  on  the  thorax ;  legs  with  black 
Fi".  185.— Bombtis  pubescence  mixed  with  pale  hairs  above,  and 
airocinci'us,  \.  ferruginous  on  the  tarsi ;  3rd  and  4th  abdominal 
segments  with  black,  apical  two  with  hoary 
whitish  pubescence ;  wings  hyaline,  broadly  fuscescent  along  the 
apical  margins. 

d  similar,  the  wings  slightly  darker,  the  apical  three  abdominal 
segments  with  griseous  pubescence,  the  pubescence  on  the  tarsi 
entirely  ferruginous. 

Eab.  Kumaun  ;  Sikhim.  $  or  .  Length  14 ;  exjx  34  mm. 
cJ  .  Length  13  ;  exja.  35  mm. 

970.  Bomhus  funerarius,  Smith,  Tr  ans.  Ent.  Soc.  n.  s.  ii,  1852,  p.  47) 

pi.  viii,  tig.  6;  Dall.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  521. 

$.  Head  and  face  elongate,  sparsely  pubescent;  the  vertex, 


552 


cheeks,  space  between  eyes  and  base  of  mandibles,  and  the  clypeus 
bare,  highly  polished  and  shining;  thorax 
and   abdomen   densely   pubescent ;  anal 
segment  of  latter  above  concave  and  bare, 
with  a  medial  longitudinal  carina.  Head, 
thorax,  the  whole  of  the  Ist,  base  narrowly 
of  the  2nd,  and  the  apical  three  abdominal 
segments     covered    with     silvery  grey 
pubescence,  looking  brighter  or  duller  in 
different  lights,  and  forming  a  well-marked 
abbreviated   medial   longitudinal  silvery 
Fig.  \S&.—Bombiis        line  on  the  mesonotum ;  the  pubescence 
fmerarius,  5  •   t-        on  the  upper  portion  of  the  legs,  on  the 
2nd  abdominal  segment  posteriorly,  and  on 
the  whole  of  the  ^rd  segment  jet-black  ;  the  tarsi  and  the  extreme 
apex  of  the  abdomen  bright  ferruginous  :  wings  light  fuscous  with 
a  purple  effulgence. 

Var.  The  apical  three  abdominal  segments  with  bright  orange- 
red,  not  grey  pubescence. 

Hab.  Northern  India  (Smith) ;  Sikhim,  8000  feet.  ?  .  Length 
25  ;  exj).  50  mm.     g  and  d  unknown. 

The  variety  with  the  apical  three  segments  orange-red  was  the 
only  one  I  procured  in  Sikhim. 

971.  Bombns  terminalis.  Smith,  Trans.  Zool.  Soc.  vii,  p.  193,  d"  (nec 

Smith,  Trans  Ent.  Soc.  187.3,  p.  206). 
Bombus  hypnonmi,  var.  terminalis,  Handl.  Ann.  Naturhist.Hofmus. 
Wien,  iii  (1888),  p.  217  ;  Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  626. 

2  ?5 .  Clypeus,  space  between  the  orbits  of  the  eyes  beneath 
and  the  mandibles,  and  the  vertex  of  the  head  non-pubescent, 
highly  polished  and  shining ;  clypeus  convex,  with  a  few  coarse 
punctures ;  labrum  slightly  exserted  beneath  the  clypeus ;  head, 
thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  pubescent.  Head  in  front,  the 
occiput,  the  upper  part  of  the  legs,  the  sides  of  the  thorax  and  of 
the  median  segment,  and  the  basal  four  abdominal  segments 
covered  with  black  pubescence,  the  thorax  and  median  segment 
above  with  long  rich  fulvous-red  pubescence,  the  pubescence  on 
all  the  tarsi  and  also  on  the  intermediate  tibice  towards  the  apex 
ferruginous ;  apical  two  abdominal  segments  wath  dense  greyish 
pubescence  ;  wings  f  usco-hyaline,  with  a  slight  but  brilliant  purple 
effulgence. 

cJ  similar ;  the  clypeus  with  fulvous-white  pubescence,  the  apical 
three  abdominal  segments  with  greyish  pubescence ;  wings  paler. 

Hab.  The  Himalayas  from  Simla  to  Sikhim.  .  Length  \Q  exp. 
42  mm.     ^  .  Length  15  ;  e.vp.  34  ram.    J  .  Length  16 ;  e.vp.  40  mm. 

972.  Bombus  flavothoracicus,  n.  sp. 

2  .  Head  and  face  not  elongate ;  the  clypeus,  vertex,  cheeks, 
and  space  between  eyes  and  base  of  mandibles  bare  and  shining  ; 
the  clypeus  convex,  the  vertex  punctured,  the  thorax  and  abdomen 
densely  pubescent,  the  anal  segment  bare,  not  carinate.    Black ; 


BOMBUS. 


553 


the  pubescence  on  the  head,  upper  part  of  the  legs,  and  2nd  and  3rd 
abdominal  segments  bhick,  on  the  bead  mixed  with  a  little  griseous 
pubescence;  the  thorax  (except  the  disc  of  the  mesonotum 
probably  through  abrasion)  covered  with  pale  ochraceous,  the  basal 
abdominal  segment  with  pale  sulphur-yellow,  and  the  apical  three 
segments  with  hoary  white  pubescence ;  the  extreme  apex  of  the 
anal  segment  with  a  thick  short  fulvous-red  pile;  the  antennas 
piceous  ;  the  tarsi  with  a  thin  ferruginous  pile  ;  wings  bght  fuscous 
nervures  and  tegulse  black. 

?  ^  sipiilar,  smaller;  the  thorax  in  front  of  a  line  between  the 
teguliB  of  the  wings  and  the  basal  two  abdominal  segments  with 
bright  yellow,  the  head,  the  posterior  half  of  the  thorax,  the  legs,  and 
the  3rd  and  4th  abdominal  segments  with  black  pubescence,  the 
pubescence  on  the  head  mixed  with  greyish,  that  on  the  apical  two 
abdominal  segments  hoary  white;  wings  paler  than  in  the  female. 

Eab.  Sikhim,  above  10,000  feet.  $  .  Length  24-26  ;  ecejj.  49- 
51  mm.     ^  .  Length  14-16  ;  exp.  36  mm. 

1  am  not  certain  whether  I  have  correctly  identified  the  ^  . 
This  fine  humble-bee  was  common  on  the  high  mountain  behind  our 
frontier  station  of  Gnatong  (12,500  feet),  in  Native  Sikhim,  in  May. 

973.  Bombus  festivus,  Smith,  Jour.  Ent.  i,  1861,  p.  152,  $ ;  Ball. 

Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  520. 
Bombus  moUeri,  Bingh.  Jour.  Bomb.  N.  H.  Soc.  x,  1896,  p.  197. 

2 .  Clypeus  and  front  smooth,  shining,  with  a  few  scattered 
large  punctures  ;  clypeus  bare,  front  of  the  head  thinly,  the  rest  of 
the  head,  the  thorax,  and  abdomen  densely  pubescent.  Black,  with 
black  pubescence,  the  thorax  and  the  apical  two  abdominal 
segments  with  hoary  white  pubescence ;  antennae  and  legs  piceous, 
turning  to  dark  testaceous  on  the  inner  side  of  the  posterior  tibiae 
and  tarsi ;  the  anterior  and  posterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  and  the 
intermediate  tarsi  somewhat  rufescent ;  wings  light  fuscous, 
nervures  and  tegulse  brown. 

-ffai.  Kumaun ;  Sikhim  above  6000  feet.  Length  25-27; 
exp.  50  mm. 

974.  Bombus  miniatus,  n.  sp. 

cJ  .  Somewhat  resembling  B.Jlavescens('p.  550),  but  the  head  and 
face  broader,  not  elongated,  the  iegs  black,  with  ferruginous  golden 
pubescence  ;  the  head,  thorax,  and  basal  two  abdominal  segments 
with  long  dense  dark  greenish-yellow,  the  apical  four  segments 
above  with  rich  vermilion-red  pubescence,  the  wings  similar  to 
those  of  B.  flavescens. 

Hah.  Sikhim,  over  10,000  feet.  S-  Length  16;  exp.  38  mm. 
2  and  ^  unknown.    Type  in  coll.  British  Museum. 

975.  Bombus  vallestris.  Smith,  2nd  Yark.  Miss.,  Ilym.  p.  8,  $  ; 

Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  560. 

2  .  Head  and  face  subrotundate  ;  the  vertex,  the  space  between 
the  eyes  and  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  and  the  clypeus  bare, 
impunclate,   highly   polished;    thorax   and    abdomen  densely 


554 


APIUjB. 


pubescent ;  apical  segment  of  the  latter  convex,  covered  with  a 
dense  close  pile,  mixed  with  long  hairs.  Head  and  Ihorax  with 
pale  ocliraceous  pubescence,  thickly  sprinkled  with  long  black  hairs ; 
the  basal  two  abdominal  segments  with  pale  yellow  pubescence, 
brownish  ferruginous  along  the  base  of  the  2nd  segment,  3rd 
segment  with  brown,  the  apical  three  segments  above  with  golden 
ferruginous  pubescence,  darkening  to  brown  on  the  sides  of  the  4th 
and  5th  segments ;  legs  obscure  rufo-testaceous  above,  bright 
testaceous  on  the  tibiie  and  tarsi ;  the  intermediate  trochanters 
beneath,  the  tibiro  and  tarsi  with  shining  golden-brown  pubescence ; 
wings  more  or  less  fusco-hyaline. 

5  and  d  similar,  smaller  ;  the  pubescence  on  the  head  and  face 
more  densely  set  with  black  hairs,  and  on  the  apical  segments  of 
the  abdomen  brighter  ferruginous. 

Eab.  Dras,  Kargil,  Leh  in  Ladak;  Sikhim  above  7000  feet. 
5.  Length  17-18;  exp.  35-37  mm.  Length  14  mm;  exp. 

33  mm. 

976.  Bombus  hsemorrhoidalis,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  n.  s.  ii,  1852, 

p.  43,  ?  d  ?  ;  Dcill,  Tun:  Cat.  x,  p.  521. 

2  .  Face  elongate ;  clypeus,  front  above  base  of  antennae,  and  the 
vertex  smooth  and  shining,  without  pubescence,  the  clypeus  and 
Ei'ont  with  a  few  scattered  large  punctures,  the  sides  of  the  face 
along  the  inner  orbits  finely  and  closely  punctured.  Black,  with 
black  pubescence,  on  the  tarsi  slightly  rufescent,  the  pubescence 
on  the  basal  two  abdominal  segments  bright  yellow,  on  the  apical 
four  bright  rufo-fulvous  ;  wings  dark  fuscous. 

^  smaller,  but  precisely  similar  in  colouring. 

cJ  similar  ;  the  head,  thorax,  and  legs  with  sooty-black  pubes- 
cence, mixed  with  pale  hairs  on  the  legs  ;  the  apical  abdominal 
segments  with  paler  fulvous-red  pubescence  than  in  the  female  ; 
tarsi  ferruginous. 

Nab.  Chusan,  China  ;  Northern  India  ;  Mussooree  (JRothney) ; 
Kumauu  (^Miss  A.  Brook).  5  .  Length  22-25  ;  e.vp.  48-50  mm. 
^  .  Length  12-14 ;  exp.  36  mm.  c?  .  Length  15-18 ;  exp.  38-44  mm. 

977.  Bomhus  simillimus,  Smith,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  n.  s.  ii,  1852,  p.  48, 

$ ;  Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  548. 

2  ■  Head  and  face  not  remarkably  eloiigate ;  the  vertex,  cheeks, 
space  between  eyes  and  mandibles,  and  clypeus  bare,  finely  and 
sparsely  punctured  ;  thorax  and  abdomen  densely  pubesceut ;  the 
anal  segment  above  bare  and  finely  rugose,  with  a  V-shaped  hollow. 
Black,  with  black  pubescence,  the  apical  three  abdominal  segments 
covered  with  rich  orange-red  pubescence,  the  apical  three  joints  of 
the  tarsi  testaceous,  the  inside  of  the  posterior  tarsi  with  short 
ferruginous-red  pubescence,  the  calcaria  deep  red;  wings  dark 
fusco-hyaline. 

^  similar,  smaller,  wings  more  hyaline. 

Hab.  Northern  India  {Smith) ;  China.  ?  .  Length  24 ;  exp.  48mm. 
^  .  Length  11 ;  exp.  23  mm. 


BOMBUS. 


555 


978.  Bombus  orientalis.    (PI.  IV,  fig.  9.) 

Cat.  ii,  p.  402,  $  ;  Uall.  I'on:  Cat.  x,  p.  538. 
Boiiibus  bucciuatoris,  ISmith,  Mew  iSjj.  llijm.  B.  M.  p.  132,  $. 
Y  Boiubus  simulus,  Grib.  Bull.  But.  <Soe.  Ital.  xxiii,  1891,  p.  114,  $  . 

$  .  Head  and  face  elongate,  only  slightly  pubescent ;  the  vertex, 
cheeks,  space  between  eyes  and  base  of  mandibles,  and  the  clypeus 
bare,  polished  and  shining ;  the  clypeus  convex  and  slightly  punc- 
tui-ed ;  thorax  and  abdomen  densely  pubescent ;  anal  segment 
narrowly  bare  above,  concave,  and  bearing  two  parallel,  short,  broad, 
medial  longitudinal  cariuEe.  Head,  thorax,  upper  part  of  the  legs, 
and  the  3rd  abdominal  segment  clothed  with  black,  the  basal  two 
segments  with  pale  yellow,  and  the  apical  three  segments  with  rich 
fuivous-i"ed  pubescence  ;  tarsi  more  or  less  with  short  ferruginous 
pubescence ;  wings  dark  fuscous  with  a  rich  purple  effulgence. 

5  similar,  smaller,  the  basal  two  abdominal  segroents  with 
brighter  yellow  pubescence. 

Var.  huccinatoris,  Smith. — According  to  the  description,  with 
bright  yellow  pubescence  on  the  median  segment  also,  but  not  so 
in  the  specimen  marked  as  the  type;  the  4th  as  well  as  the  3rd 
abdominal  segment  with  black,  the  apical  two  with  bright  ferru- 
ginous pubescence. 

c?  similar  to  the  female ;  smaller,  with  brighter  yellow  pubes- 
cence on  the  basal  two  abdominal  segments,  and  the  wings  paler. 

Eab.  Sikhim  ;  Kunawar.  §  .  Lenyth  2i-24  ;  exp.  50  mm.  $ 
Length  16-18  ;  exp.  34-40  mm.  S  ■  Length  19-20  ;  exp.  44  mm. 
One  of  the  commonest  species  about  Darjeeling. 

*979.  Bombus  longiceps,  S7nith,  2nd  Yark.  Miss.,  Hym.  p.  8,  $!  cJ  ; 
Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  532. 

"  5 .  Black ;  the  head  elongate,  the  clypeus  smooth  and  shining ; 
the  tips  of  the  mandibles  rul'o-piceous,  the  flagelluui  of  the  antennae 
obscurely  fulvous  beneath.  Thorax  above  and  beneath  the  wings 
densely  clothed  with  bright  fulvous  pubescence,  beneath  and  on 
the  legs  it  is  black,  the  four  apical  joints  of  the  tarsi  ferruginous  ; 
the  wings  hyaline.  Abdomen — the  three  basal  segments  with 
black  pubescence,  usually  more  or  less  abraded  towards  the  base, 
which  is  smooth  and  shining,  the  apical  segment  fulvo-ferruginous. 

"  Length  9  hues  (=  about  19  mm.). 

"  Bab.  Driis,  Kargil,  Leh,  in  Ladak.  The  male  of  this  species  is 
clothed  exactly  the  same  as  the  female,  the  face  having  also  black 
pubescence." 

Genus  PSITHTRUS. 

Psithyrus,  Lepel.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  i,  p.  366  (1832). 
Apathus,  Neivman,  Ent.  May.  ii,  p.  404  (1834). 

Type,  P.  rupestris,  Eabr. 

Range.  Probably  the  same  as  that  of  Bombus. 

Characters  those  of  Bombus,  except  that  the  posterior  tibiae  are 
convex  exteriorly  and  densely  pubescent,  not  furnished  with  a 
corbicula  for  carrying  pollen  ;  the  basal  joint  of  the  posterior  tarsi 
not  toothed  at  its  base  above ;  abdomen  incurved  slightly  at  apex ; 


556 


apical  ventral  fegment  with  the  lateral  margins  raised  ;  and  in  the 
mule  the  posterior  tibiae  are  onl_y  slightly  attenuated  at  the  base. 

The  species  of  this  genus  are  well-known  as  inquilines,  guests  or 
iTiessniates  of  the  Bomhi.  Only  one  species,  so  far  as  1  Imow,  has 
as  yet  been  recorded  from  within  our  limits. 

*980.  Psithyrus  hellavdii,  Grih.  Bull.  Soc  But.  Hal.  xxiii  (1891),  p.  108, 
5  ;  Dall.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  566. 

"  $  .  Of  small  size,  nigro-fuscous  ;  the  head,  thorax,  a  transverse 
fascia  between  the  wings,  the  2nd  and  3rd  abdominal  segments 
above,  and  the  legs  with  black  pubescence  ;  the  extreme  apex  of 
the  tarsi  with  reddish  hairs;  thorax,  and  the  1st,  4th,  and  5th 
abdominal  segments  above  with  dense  fulvous  pubescence  ;  wings 
fulvo-hyaline,  slightly  effulgent  with  purplish  tints  ;  labium  as  in 
most  species  tuberculate,the  hypopygium  formed  as  in  the  European 
P.  vestalis. 

"  Hah.  The  Shan  Toma,  Upper  Burma.     $  .  Length  15-19  mm." 

Genus  APIS. 
Apis,  Linn.  Sijst.  Nat.  i,  p.  953  (1767). 
Type,  A.  mellifh-a,  Linn. 

Eange.  Indigenous  or  introduced  in  all  parts  of  the  world. 
5  .  Head  *  as  wide  as  the  thorax  ;  eyes  ovate,  pubescent ; 
antennae  in  a  triangle  on  the  vertex  ;  clypeus  elongate  ;  the  labial 
palpi  4-jointed,  the  2nd  joint  much  shorter  than  the  1st,  apical 
two  minute  ;  maxillary  palpi  1-jointed.    Thorax  globular :  fore 
wing  long,  rather  narrow,  the  radial  cell  long,  narrow  and  rounded 
at  apex ;  three  cubital  cells,  the  1st  and  3rd 
nearly  subequal  on  the  cubital  nervure,  but 
shghtly  varying  in  different  species ;  the  2nd 
irregularly  subtriangular,  and  nearly  Twice  as 
long  measured  on  the  cubital  nervure  as  either 
of  the  other  two;  the  1st  recurrent  nervure 
received  before  the  middle  in  the  2nd  cubital 
cell,  the  2nd  recurrent  nervure  received  in  the 
Pig  187  —Afis      ^^'i  cubital  cell  near  or  at   the  apex  :  legs 
florea,  $.   f.       stoutish,  the  anterior  and  intermediate  tibiae 
with  a  spine  at  their  apex  ;  the  postei-ior  tibiae 
not  spined,  extremely  smooth  and  shining,  the  margins  fringed 
with  long  hair  curving  inwards  and  forming  the  sides  of  the  cor- 
hicula ;  the  1st  joint  of  the  tarsi  slightly  produced  at  its  base 
above,  fringed  with  long  hair,  on  the  inside  with  rows  of  stifE 
hairs.    Abdomen  more  or  less  truncate  at  base,  above  convex,  sub- 
cylindrical,  the  sting  curved. 

5  .  Differs  in  the  head  being  narrower  than  the  thorax,  the 
posterior  tibiae  convex  externally  and  not  fringed  with  hair,  the 
basal  joint  of  the  tarsi  not  produced  above  and  not  furnished  with 
the  rows  of  stiff  hairs  ;  abdomen  proportionately  much  longer,  the 
sting  straight. 

*  An  outline  figure  of  the  head  of  Apis  showing  tlie  mouth-parts  is  given 
in  the  Introduction. 


APIS. 


5o7 


d  .  More  stoutly  built,  head  and  thorax  more  pubescent ;  eyes 
very  large,  meeting  on  the  vertex,  the  ocelli  placed  on  the  front 
above  the  base  of  the  antennaj ;  posterior  tibiae  smooth  and  shining 
externally,  convex  and  narrowed  at  base  ;  the  basal  joint  of  the 
tarsi  broad,  in  one  species  produced  below  into  a  remarkable  lobe  ; 
abdomen  very  wide,  cylindrical,  obtuse  at  apex. 

The  communities  consist  of  males,  a  single  female  or  queen,  and 
the  workers.  Tiie  economy  of  the  honey-bee  is  too  well  known  to 
ueed  much  notice  here.  Within  our  limits  only  three  species  of 
true  Apis  occur.  So  far  as  my  observation  goes  Apis  dorsata, 
Fabr.,  the  largest  of  the  three  species,  in  its  wild  state  builds  its 
combs  exclusively  more  or  less  in  the  open — that  is  to  say,  on  the 
undersides  of  the  branches  of  large  trees,  in  caves  or  under  over- 
hanging rocks,  in  buddings,  &c.  This  is  the  large  bee  that  when 
disturbed  attacks  men  or  animals.  Apis  indica,  on  the  contrary, 
verv  frequently  chooses  hollow  trees  to  build  in.  In  Bui-ma,  where 
the' houses  are  buUt  chiefly  of  wood,  I  have  more  than  once  seen  a 
house  rendered  nearly  uninhabitable  by  a  swarm  of  Apis  indica 
taking  possession  of  the  hollows  under  the  wooden  staircases,  or 
between  the  outer  walls  when  these  were  built  double. 

The  smallest  species  of  the  genus  in  India,  Apis  Jlorea,  is  not 
nearly  so  plentiful  in  Burma  as  are  the  other  two  species.  I  have 
seen  very  few  nests  ;  one  was  built  in  a  cane-bush  not  more  than 
a  few  inches  from  the  ground ;  another  under  the  eaves  of  the  roof 
of  a  forest  bungalow. 

No  species  of  honey-bee  is  domesticated  by  the  Burmans.  In 
the  Himalayas  Apis  indica,  which  is  closely  allied  to  A.  melUfera, 
is,  I  believe,  the  bee  usually  kept  for  its  honey  and  wax. 

Home  (Trans.  Zool.  Soc.  vii,  pp.  181-184)  gives  much  interesting 
information  in  regard  to  the  three  species  of  bees  found  in  India, 
their  parasites,  habits,  &c. 


981.  Apis  dorsata.    (PI.  IV,  fig.  11.) 

Fabr.  Ent.  Syst.  ii,  p.  328  ;  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  415  ;  Home,  Trans. 

Zool.  Sue.  vii,  p.  181,  pl.  22,  %.  3  ;  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  689. 
Apis  bicolor,  Klug,  Mag.  n.  Entd.  ges.  Naturk.,  Berlin,  i  (1807), 

p.  264,  pl.  vii,  fig.  3. 
Apis  nigripennis,  Lepel.  Hym.  \,  p.  403. 
Apis  testacea,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  ii  (1858),  p.  49. 
Apis  zonata,  Smith  {nec  Guer.),  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  iii  (1859)  p.  8. 

9 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  with  short  pubescence,  more  or 
less  sparse  or  dense  according  to  locality ;  the  head  and  mesonotiim 
finely  punctured  under  the  pubescence;  a  short,  medial,  vertical 
groove  below  the  anterior  ocellus.  Head,  thorax,  legs,  and  apical 
three  segments  of  the  abdomen  black,  more  or  less  pale  and 
fuscous  on  the  hinder  part  of  the  thorax  and  on  the  abdomeu ; 


Key  to  the  Species. 


a.  Of  large  size.    ^  length  16-18  mm, 

b.  Smaller.    $  length  11-12  mm.  .  . . 

c.  Still  smaller.    ^  length  8  mm.  .  . . 


A.  dorsata,  p.  5o7. 
A.  indica,  p.  558. 
A.  Jlorea,  p.  559. 


558 


AriDiE. 


the  basal  three  segments  of  Ihe  abdomen  honev-yellow  ;  pubescence 
fuscous  on  the  head,  thorax  in  front,  legs  above,  and  apical  seg- 
ments of  the  abdomen,  pale  ocbraceous  yellow  on  the  hinder 
parts  of  the  thorax  and  at  the  base  of  the  abdomen  ;  legs  beneath, 
especially  the  posterior  tibiae  and  tarsi,  with  short  ferruginous 
pubescence  ;  wings  pale  fuscous  or  fusco-hyaline. 

2  similar  ;  larger  and  darker. 

S  similar  :  much  darker,  the  eyes  very  large. 

Var.  hicolor,  Klug :  similar,  but  the  basal  two  segments  of  the 
abdomen  only  honey-vellow,  the  apical  black,  in  strong  contrast. 

Var.  nir/ripennifi,  Latr.  :  similar,  much  darker,  with  the  wings 
verv  dark  fuscous  having  a  purple  effulgence. 

Var.  testacea,  Smith  :  similar,  the  entire  abdomen  pale  testaceous 
yellow  ;  wings  snbhyaline. 

Var.  znnata,  Smith  :  similar  ;  the  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen 
entirely  black,  with  sometimes  a  transverse  band  of  pale  ochraceous 
pile  at  the  base  of  abdominal  segments  3-5  ;  wings  very  dark. 

llah.  Throughout  India,  Burma,  Tenasserim  ;  Ceylon  ;  extend- 
ing into  China  and  the  Malayan  region  to  Java.  $  .  Length  18- 
21  :  exp.  36-37  mm.  c? .  Length  17;  exp.  32  mm.  Length 
16-18  ;  exp.  30-35  mm. 

982.  Apis  indica.    (PI.  IV,  fig.  12.) 

Fnbr.  Ent.  Syst.  Suppl.  p.  274  ;  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  416 ;  Ball.  Ton: 
Cat.  X,  p.  693. 

Apis  unicolor,  Latr.  Ann.  Mm.  Hist.  Nat.  v  (1804),  p.  168. 
Apis  perrottetii,  Gner.  Icon.  Renne  Anim.,  Ins.  p.  461. 
Apis  nigrocincta,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  v  (1861),  p.  93. 

9 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  sparsely 
pubescent,  sometimes  densely  so.  Head,  thorax,  and  apical 
abdominal  segment  black ;  the  scutellum  and  basal  five  segments 
of  the  abdomen  testaceous  yellow  ;  legs  rufo-fuscous,  pubescence 
cinereous  ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent. 

2  similar ;  larger  and  darker. 

S  similar,  stouter  built ;  darker,  the  thorax  densely  pubescent. 

Var.  imicolor,  Latr.,  is  entirely  deep  shining  black,  with  fusco- 
cinereous  pubescence. 

Var.  nigrocincta,  Smith,  has  the  head  and  thorax  black;  the 
clypeus,  labrum,  and  mandibles  pale  ferruginous ;  the  scutellum, 
legs,  and  abdomen  testaceous  ;  the  last  with  fuscous  transverse 
bands  on  the  apical  margins  of  the  segments. 

Eah.  Throughout  India,  Assam,  Burma,  Tenasserim,  and 
Ceylon  ;  extending  through  the  Malayan  region  on  the  east  and  to 
Madagascar  on  the  west.  2  •  Length  16 ;  exp.  32  mm.  <3  ■  Length 
13  ;         27  mm.        .  Length  11-12;  exp.  21-2'd  mva. 

This  species  merges  into  the  common  Apis  mellifera,  Linn.,  the 
honey-bee  par  excellence  of  Europe.  The  dark  variety  unicolor, 
which  is  the  common  form  in  Ceylon  and  in  Madagascar,  has 
been  placed  by  some  naturalists  as  a  variety  of  Apis  mellifera.  In 
Burma,  nigrocincta  is  the  common  form. 


APIS. —  MELIPONA. 


55  9 


983.  Apis  florea,  Fabr.  Mmt.  Ins.  i,  p.  305;  Ball.  Ton:  Caif.  x,  p.  691. 
Apis  lobatn,  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  41G,  d  ■ 

Apis  amlreuifbrmis,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Sac.  ii  (1858),  p.  49. 

Apis  floralis,  Home,  Trails.  Zool.  Soc.  vii,  p.  181,  pi.  22,  figs.  2,  2a. 

5 .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  dull  and  opaque,  very  minutely 
aciculate,  slightly  pubescent.  Black ;  the  basal  two  abdominal 
segments  more  or  less  red ;  the  pubescence  on  the  head  and  thorax 
white,  on  the  posterior  tarsi  ferruginous  golden  ;  in  fine  specimens 
there  are  narrow  traiisvej'se  bands  of  silky  white  pile  at  the  base 
of  the  2nd  to  the  5th  abdominal  segments ;  wings  hyaline  and 
iridescent,  nervures  testaceous,  teguloe  black. 

$  similar,  much  larger ;  the  anterior  and  intermediate  tarsi,  the 
posterior  tibife  and  tarsi,  the  basal  three  abdominal  segments,  and 
the  apical  margins  of  the  4th  and  5th  segments  rufo-testaceous  ; 
the  face  and  front  with  silky  snow-white  pile ;  the  legs  covered 
with  a  thin,  short,  glittering  pale  pubescence. 

cS  larger ;  black  with  dense  long  cinereous-white  pubescence ; 
the  legs  rufo-testaceous,  the  basal  joint  of  the  posterior  tarsi 
swoUen,  with  a  remarkable  curved  lobe  at  base  beneath.  This  is 
Apis  lohata,  Smith. 

Var.  andreniformis  has  only  the  basal  margin  of  the  2nd 
abdominal  segment  reddish,  and  white  pilose  transverse  bands  at 
the  bases  of  segments  3-6,  the  rest  of  the  abdomen  black. 

Hub.  Kumaun  ;  Sikhim  ;  North-West  Provinces ;  Bengal ; 
Central  India  ;  Madras  ;  Bangalore  ;  Malabar ;  Assam  ;  Burma  ; 
Tenasserim ;  Ceylon ;  extending  in  the  Malayan  region  as  far  as 
Java.  5  .  Length  13  ;  exp.  24  mm.  d  .  Length  12 ;  ea^^j. 
24  mm.         Length  8;  exp.  16  mm. 


Genus  MELIPONA. 

Melipona,  111.  Mag.  Ins.  v,  p.  167  (1806). 
Trigona,  Jurine,  Hym.  p.  245  (1807). 

Type,  M.  favosa,  Pabr. 
Range.  Both  hemispheres. 

Head  transverse,  flat  in  front ;  eyes  narrow,  consequently  fore- 
head and  front  broad,  the  orbits  below  reaching  down  to  the  base 
of  the  mandibles  ;  ocelli  almost  in  a  straight  hne  on  the  vertex  ; 
antennae  stout,  geniculate,  the  flagellum  filiform  ;  clypeus  subtri- 

angular,  flat,  barely  convex,  its 
anterior  margin  transverse  or 
subemarginate.  Thorax  globose  ; 
pronotum  depressed  below  the 
level  of  the  mesonotum  ;  meso- 
notum  convex  ;  scutellum  sub- 
triangular,  margined  and  pro- 
jecting over  the  postscutellum 
and  median  segment,  separated 
from  the  mesonotum  by  a  trans- 
verse groove  ;  postscutellum  and 


Fig.  188. — Melipona  lutea,  ^  . 


median  segment  depressed,  the  latter  rounded  posteriorly;  legs 


660 


APID/E. 


stout,  long;  posterior  tibia  flattened,  very  broad,  oar-shaped, 
slightly  concave  in  the  female  and  worker  on  the  outside,  and 
fringed  with  stiff  hairs  above  and  below,  forming  a  corbicula  or 
pollen-basket ;  posterior  tarsi  also  flattened,  the  first  joint  very 
broad,  the  succeediug  ones  minute  ;  in  the  male  the  posterior  tibiae 
and  tarsi  are  more  rounded :  wings  long  and  ample;  fore  wing 
with  the  usual  nervures  very  incomplete,  the  stigma  well  marked, 
the  radial  cell  elongate,  reaching  to  the  apex  of  the  wing  ;  one  or 
two  cubital  cells  in  the  Indian  species,  more  or  less  obsolete  and 
by  the  loss  of  the  separating  nervures  merged  into  the  2nd  and 
3rd  discoidal  cells.  Abdomen  of  variable  shape,  generally  short, 
broad,  somewhat  flat,  sometimes  elongate,  with  the  sides  nearly 
parallel,  occasionally  narrowed  at  base,  subelavate. 

The  dammar-bees,  as  the  species  of  this  genus  are  sometimes 
called,  are  widely  spread,  being  plentiful  in  South  America  and  in. 
the  Oriental  region.  All  the  species  known  to  me  build  their  nests 
in  hollows  of  trees,  crevices  among  rocks,  sometimes  in  holes  in 
stone  walls.  Horne  (Trans.  Zool.  Soc.  vii,  p.  185)  gives  an 
interesting  account  of  the  finding  of  the  nest  of  Melipona  (Tric/ona) 
rvficomis,  Smith,  and  states  that  the  hollow  in  which  it  was  built 
was  coated  all  over  with  a  layer  of  black  wax,  and  that  the  cells, 
containing  a  dark  honey  of  excellent  flavour,  were  globular  in 
shape,  pendent  side  by  side  from  the  roof.  In  '  Science  Gossip '  for 
1866,  p.  198,  the  Eev.  C.  S.  P.  Parish,  then  chaplain  of  Maulmain, 
gives  an  excellent  description  of  the  nest  of  Melipona  {Trigona) 
Iceviceps,  Smith,  a  fairly  common  species  in  Burma.  He  mentions 
the  extraordinary  trumpet-shaped  structure  of  resinous  wax,  which 
very  often  forms  the  entrance  to  the  nests  of  the  dammar-bees, 
projecting  from  the  hole  in  the  tree  for  a  foot  or  more.  The 
resinous  product  collected  and  used  by  the  bees  in  making  their 
nests  is  called  "  Pwe-nyet "  by  the  Burmese,  and  after  boiling  in 
water  and  mixing  with  earth-oil  or  petroleum  is  largely  used  for 
the  caulking  of  boats.  The  right  of  collecting  "pwe-nyet"  is 
sold  by  the  Local  Grovernmen'jt  in  Burma  and  Tenasserim  yearly, 
and  forms  one  of  the  sources  of  revenue  under  Minor  Forest 
Products. 

Key  to  the  Species. 

A.  "Wings  dark  brown  at  base,  milk-white  or 

hyaline  beyond  stigma  of  fore  wing. 

a.  Legs  entirely  black  •  

I.  Leo-s  more  or  less  testaceous  or  piceous. 
a'.  Face  in  front  and  clypeus  black,  latter 

with  a  testaceous  spot  

h'.  Face  in  front  and  clypeus  entirely  pale 

testaceous   •  • 

c.  Anterior  legs  pale  reddish  yellow,  posterior 
four  except  apical  joint  of  tarsi  jet-black . 

B.  Wings  hyaline  and  iridescent. 

a.  Abdomen  entirely  black  

h.  Abdomen  more  or  less  testaceous. 


M.  vidua,  p.  561. 

M.  collina,  p.  562. 
M.  apicalis,  p.  662. 
M.  atripes,  p.  561. 
M.  canifrom,  p.  562. 


MBLIPONA. 


561 


a' .  Basal  aljdominal  segment  and  abdomen 


beneath  markedly  wliito  or  testaceous 

white   M.  ventralis,  p.  562. 

b'.  Basal  abdominal  segment  not  diiiering 
markedly  in  colour  from  remaining 
segments. 

a-.  Vertex  of  headandfronthighlypolished, 

shining    M.  Icemce^js,  p.  563. 

b-.  Vertex  of  head  and  front  not  polished, 

opaque. 

«■'.  Legs  entirely  rufo-testaceous    ....    M.  smithii,  p.  663. 
6'.  Legs  black,  apical  3  or  4  joints  of 

tarsi  only  testaceous   M.  iridipmnis,  p.  663. 

c'.  Legs  black,  anterior  and  intermediate 

tarsi  and  posterior  tibias  and  tarsi 

only  testaceous   M.  prcsterita,  p. 

C.  Wings  flavo-  or  pale  fusco-hyaline. 

a.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  entirely  of  a  pale 

honey-yellow   M.  lutea,  p.  664. 

b.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  black,  a  square 

mark  on  mesonotum  rufo-testaceous  ....    M.  thoradca,  p.  664. 


984.  llelipona  vidua,  Lepel.  Hym.  i,  p.  429,  ^ ;  Ball.  Ton:  Cat.  x, 

p.  585. 

^  .  Head  and  thorax  dull  and  opaque,  a  deep 
abbreviated  furrow  in  front  of  the  anterior 
ocelhis  ;  abdomen  smooth,  shining.  Black  ;  the 
face  in  front  with  a  thin  cinereous  pile ;  antennae 
and  the  anterior  tarsi  brownish ;  wings  deep 
brown  for  more  than  half  their  length  from 
base,  milky  white  beyond. 

Sab.  India  (Smith) ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim,  and 
the  Malayan  region  to  Timor.     ^ .  Length  6-7 ; 
Fig.  189.— il/e^i-     eap.  14-15  mm.  _ 
pona  vidua,  ^ .  This  species  is  fairly  common  in  the  plains 

and  valleys  in  Burma  and  Tenasserim,  bat  does 
not  extend  up  to  the  higher  hills. 

985.  llelipona  atripes. 

Trigona  atripes.  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  ii  (1858),  p.  60,  ^ . 
Melipona  atripes,  Dall.  Torr.  Cat  x,  p.  576. 

$  .  Head  smooth,  irapunctate  ;  mesonotum  and  scutellimi  with 
a  few  large  coarse  punctures  ;  median  segment  and  abdomen 
smooth  and  shiniag,  the  latter  broad  at  base  and  somewhat  short. 
Pale  reddish  yellow  ;  the  face  in  front  and  the  sides  of  the  thorax 
with  short  pale  thin  pubescence,  the  scutellum  fringed  with 
fuscous  hairs  ;  the  basal  segments  of  the  abdomen  darkening  to 
brown ;  the  anterior  legs  pale  reddish  yellow,  the  posterior  four 
jet-black,  the  apical  joints  of  their  tarsi  ferruginous;  wings 
reddish  brown,  milky-white  beyond  the  stigma. 

Hah.  Malacca ;  Mergui,  South  Tenasserim.  ^  .  Length  5 ; 
earp.  11  mm.  ' 

VOL.  I.  2  o 


562 


AVIDM. 


986.  Melipona  collina. 

Trigoua  collina,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  ii  (1858),  p.  51,  ^  . 
Melipoua  coUiua,  Dull.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  577. 

^.  Head  and  thorax  opaque,  sparsely  pubescent;  abdomen 
smooth  and  shining,  broad,  short,  somewhat  flat.  Head, 
thorax,  and  abdomen  black ;  the  head  in  front  and  clypeus  with 
cinerous  pile  ;  a  spot  ou  the  latter,  the  scape  and  flagellum  of  the 
antennte  beneath,  and  the  legs  rul'o-testaceoas  ;  the  basal  segment 
of  the  abdomen  obscurely  testaceous,  dark  brown  in  some 
specimens,  with  a  subapical  transverse  testaceous  fascia  above ; 
wings  dark  brown  at  base,  the  apex  beyond  the  stigma  in  the 
fore  wing  milk-white. 

Hub.  Southern  Teuasserim ;  Malacca.     ^  .  Length  6-7  ;  exp. 

15-16  mm. 

987.  Melipona  apicalis.  •■    o  q- 

Trifiona  apicalis,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  u  (1858;,  p.  51,  9  . 
Melipona  apicalis,  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  575. 

^.  Head  and  thorax  opaque,  sparsely  covered  with  erect 
pubescence  ;  abdomen  smooth,  shining,  very  finely  aciculate,  a  very 
short  deep  impression  below  the  anterior  ocellus  ;  abdomen  short, 
broad  flatfish.  Head  and  face  in  front  and  clypeus  testaceous 
yellow,  covered  with  a  thin  cinereous  pile  ;  thorax  dark  brown,  the 
sparse  erect  pubescence  black  ;  legs  rufo-piceous  ;  abdomen  nigro- 
piceous,  in  some  specimens  black;  wings  dark  brown  at  base, 
hyaline  beyond  the  stigma.  ,   ,  ,  c 

Var.  Head  and  thorax  black ;  antennae  dark  brown ;  apex  of 
the  abdomen  testaceous.  7   ^  » 

Bab.  Burma;   Tenasserim ;   Borneo.     ?•  Lencjth  6-7;  exj). 

15-17  mm.  ,        „  „  ,  „ 

This  species  is  the  common  dammar-bee  of  Burma  and  Tenas- 
serim, and  varies  considerably  in  different  localities.  Specimens 
from  South  Tenasserim  very  closely  approach  the  typical  form 
from  Borneo,  but  are  not  quite  so  dark. 

988.  Melipona  canifrons.  •w^Q^;Q^  „  m  « 
Tri°ona  cauifrons,  Smith,  Jour.  Lmn.  Sac.  11  (18&B;,  p.  Oi,  9  • 
Melipona  canifrons,  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  576. 

«  Head  above  and  thorax  somewhat  thickly  pubescent  (often 
bare'from  abrasion),  the  front  on  each  side  of  the  ocelh  with  a 
few  minute  scattered  punctures ;  abdomen  highly  pohshed  and 
shining.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  jet-black,  the  pubescence 
sooty  black  ;  in  certain  lights  the  face  shows  a  tlnn  covering  of 
cinereous  pile;  the  antenuDe  piceous  beneath;  wings  hyahne, 
sometimes  slightly  shaded  with  fuscous,  the  nervures  testaceous^ 

Bab.  Tenasserim;  Sumatra  (Martm) ;  Borneo  {Smith).  ?. 
Length  6-8  ;  exp.  15-17  mm. 

989.  Melipona  ventralis.  ••  ns'^s^  „  r^o  » 
Trigona  ventralis.  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  "  0858  -  ?  oO,  9  . 
f  Tripona  terminata.  Smith,  Jour.  As.  Soo.  Beng.  xlvu,  p.  169. 
MeUpona  ventralis,  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  580. 


MELIPONA. 


663 


9.  Head  and  thorax  extremely  minutely  and  closely  punctured, 
opaque ;  abdomen  smooth,  slightly  shining ;  head  broader  than 
the  thoi'ax,  transverse ;  abdomen  narrowed  at  base,  somewhat 
clavate.  Head  in  front,  the  margins  of  the  mesonotura  and 
scutellum,  the  sides  of  the  thorax  and  of  the  median  segment  with 
short  cinereous  pubescence ;  the  head  and  thorax  black  ;  the  legs, 
the  2nd  and  following  segments  of  the  abdomen  above  dark 
chestnut-brown,  basal  segment  above  and  the  abdomen  beneath 
pale  testaceous  white,  the  former  sometimes  with  a  brown  spot  on 
either  side  ;  wings  hyaline  and  iridescent. 

Hah.  Tenasserim  :  Borneo ;  Malacca.  ^ .  Lencjth  4-5 ;  exp. 
10  ram. 

Trigona  terminata,  Smith,  from  Tenasserim  seems  to  me  only  a 
larger  form  of  this  species. 

990.  Melipona  laeviceps. 

Trigona  leeviceps,  Smith,  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  ii  (1858),  p.  51,  ^  . 
Melipona  laeviceps,  Dall.  Ton:  Cat.  x,  p.  580. 

5.  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  the  front 
and  vertex  and  the  median  segment  very  highly  polished.  Head 
and  thorax  black;  the  face  and  clypeus  covered  with  a  thin 
cinereous  pile ;  the  antennae,  the  clypeus  anteriorly,  and  the  legs 
rufo-testaceous ;  the  abdomen  testaceous,  darkening  to  castaneous 
brown  on  the  apical  three  segments  above ;  wings  subhyaline, 
brilliantly  iridescent. 

JIab.  Tenasserim;  Singapore.     ^.  Length  4-5;  exp.  11  mm. 

A  common  species :  builds  its  nest  often  in  crevices  in  the 
brickwork  of  the  walls  of  houses. 

991.  Melipona  smitMi. 

Trigona  ruficornis.  Smith  (nec  Lamarck),    Trans.  Zool.  Soc.  vii, 
p.  194, 

Melipona  ruficornis,  Dall.  Jorr.  Cat.  x,  p.  683. 

g  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining,  the  head 
and  face  in  front  slightly  pubescent.  Black  ;  the  lower  margin  of 
the  clypeus,  the  antennae,  legs,  and  abdomen  rufo-testaceous,  the 
antennae  specially  bright-coloured  ;  pubescence  cinereous  ;  the  coxae 
and  femora  of  the  legs  and  the  abdomen  towards  the  apex  shaded 
with  fuscous  ;  wings  hyalme  and  splendidly  iridescent. 

Hah.  Mainpuri,  North-West  Provinces ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim. 
^  .  Length  3-4  ;  exp.  9-10  mm. 

992.  Melipona  iridipennis. 

Trigona  iridipennis,  Smith,  Cat.  ii,  p.  41-3,  ^  . 

Melipona  iridipennis.  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  579. 

Trigona  bengalensis,  Cam.  Mem.  Manch.  L.  Ph.  Soc.  xli,  1897. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  and  shining ;  the  face 
in  front,  the  sides  of  the  thorax  and  of  the  median  segment  with 
a  thick  silky  pile.  Head  and  thorax  black,  the  pile  silvery;  the 
labrum,  mandibles,  palpi,  antennae,  and  apical  joints  of  the  tarsi 
testaceous,  the  sides  of  the  mesonotum  and  the  scutellum  fringed 

2o  2 


564  APiD*. 


with  fuscous  pubescence;  the  abdomen   testaceous,  darkening 
towards  the  apex  ;  wings  hyaline  and  brilliantly  iridescent. 

Hah.  Barrackpore  ;  Burma ;  Tenasserim  ;  Ceylon.     ^  .  Length 
3-4;  exp.  7-9  mm. 

993.  Melipona  prsterita. 

Trigona  projterita,  Walk.  A.  M.  N.  H.  (3)  v,  p.  305. 
Melipona  prseterita,  Ball.  Turr.  Cat.  x,  p.  682. 

9 .  Head  in  front  slightly  scabrous,  with  an  indistinct  abbre- 
viated furrow  below  the  anterior  ocellus;  thorax  and  abdomen 
smooth  and  shining,  the  lateral  margins  of  the  mesonotum  and 
scutellum  raised,  a  deep  transverse  groove  between  the  two  latter. 
Black ;  the  antennas,  the  anterior  and  intermediate  tarsi,  posterior 
tibife  and  tarsi,  aud  abdomen  testaceous,  the  base  gradually  dark- 
ening on  the  apical  segments ;  the  antennaa  above  fuscous ;  the 
clypeus  and  front  with  a  thin  cinereous  pile  ;  wings  hyaline  and 
hidescent. 

Hah.  Burma;  Ceylon.     ^.  Length  5-6  ;  e.r^s.  12-13  mm. 

I  am  not  quite  certain  whether  1  have  rightly  identified  this 
species,  but  specimens  from  Eangoon  and  others  collected  at 
Trincomali  agree  fairly  well  with  Walker's  description. 

994.  Melipona  lutea,  u.  sp. 

5  .  Head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  smooth  ;  the  head  and  thorax 
covered  with  sparse  pubescence  ;  the  abdomen  shming.  Pale 
honey-yellow,  somewhat  darker  and  browner  on  the  mesonotum 
and  on  the  tarsi  of  the  legs  ;  the  clypeus  and  face  in  front,  the 
cheeks,  sides  of  the  thorax  and  of  the  median  segment,  and  the  coxae 
and  femora  of  the  legs  with  a  thin  soft  cinereous- white  pubescence 
only  visible  in  certain  lights;  the  head  above  and  behind,  the 
thorax,  legs,  and  apical  2  or  3  segments  of  the  abdomen  studded 
with  erect  blaclf  hairs ;  wings  light  flavo-hyahne  at  base,  paler 
towards  their  apical  margins.  ,  n  i  a 

Hah.  Northern  Tenasserim  ;  Karennee.    ?.  Length         ;  exp. 

21-23  mm. 

995.  Melipona  thoracica.    (PI- ^X'.^^"  J^■^w->oco^  h 
Trigona  thoracica,  Smithy  Jour.  Linn.  <5)oc.  u  (IH5»;,  p.  ou,  9  . 
Melipona  thoracica,  Ball.  Torr.  Cat.  x,  p.  584. 

«  Head  and  mesonotum  very  minutely  and  closely  punctm-ed ; 
median  segment  and  abdomen  smooth,  poUshed,  the  latter  narrow, 
oblong,  the  sides  parallel.  Black  ;  the  scape  of  the  antennae  at  base, 
the  clypeus,  aud  base  of  the  mandibles  more  or  less  ferruginous,  the 
latter  two  sometimes  entirely  black  ;  a  square  mark  on  the  meso- 
notum obscurely  rufo-ferruginous ;  the  legs_  m  the  type  specunen 
sliehtlv  ferruginous  at  base,  but  in  the  majority  black ;  abdomen 
black, 'rufo-testaceous  at  base;  wings  fiavo-,  in  some  specimens 

at  base  f usco-hyaline.  ,  ^  o         1  n  on  w,™ 

Hah.  Tenasserim  ;  Singapore.   ? .  Length  7-8 ;  exp.  19-20  mm. 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX. 


abdominale(Rhynchiuin), 
357. 

abdominalis  (Parevaspis), 

498, 499. 
abdominalis  (Stelis),  499. 
abdominalis  (Vespa),  357. 
abeiTiius  (Icaria),  391. 
absoluta  (Prosopis),  412. 
acoeptuB  (Pompilus),  151. 
accumulator  (Trypoxy- 

lon),  227. 
aeer  (Saliiis).  137. 
acricula  (Pseudagenia), 

119. 

aoutipennis  (Xylooopa), 
537. 

adte  (Osmia),  468. 
adusta  (Nomada),  465. 
adustus  (Polistes),  397. 
aegina  (Agenia),  120. 
SBgina(Pseudiigenia),  120. 
cegyptiaca  (Vespa),  403. 
segyptius  (Spliex),  245. 
testuans  (Apis),  540. 
fEstuans  (Mutilla),  34. 
aistuaaa  (Xylocopa),  540. 
a33tuosu3  (Oxybeliis),  318. 
afRnis  (Vespa),  402. 
affiuissima  (Eamenes), 

340. 
Ageuia,  106. 
agile  (Pison),  222. 
agilis  (Astata),  184. 
agilis  (Oxybelus),  316. 
agilis  (Parapison),  222. 
agnata  (Mutilla),  25. 
agrestis  (Halictus),  429. 
alaris  (Agenia),  117. 
alaris  (Pseudagenia),  117. 
Alastor,  374. 
albescens  (Halictus),  423. 
albicollis  (Spbex),  99. 
albifrous  (Megacbile), 

487. 

albifrons  (Sphecodes), 
417. 

albil'rons  (Sphex),  250. 
albilabris  (Oeratina),  499. 


albilabris  (Pseudagenia), 
115. 

albiventi-is  (Apis),  477. 
albofasciata  (Nouiia),  452. 
albofasciata  (Xylocopa), 
542. 

albolineata  CMegachile), 
488. 

albopicta  (Cerceris),  301 . 
albovariegata  (Oeropales), 
176. 

albozonatus  (Halictus), 
423. 

alexis  (Halictus),  430. 
alieite  (Pompilus),  168. 
alipes  (Gorytes),  273. 
Allodape,  505. 
alphenus  (Halictus),  426. 
altaicus  (Bombus),  550. 
amadanensis  (Odynerus), 
364. 

amatorius  (Gorytes),  273. 
Amblys,  468. 
ametbystina  (Xylocopa), 
540. 

amitinus  (Halictus),  439. 
Ammopbila,  228. 
araoenus  (Halictus),  435. 
Ampulex,  253. 
amputata  (Megacbile), 
484. 

analis  (Liacos),  101. 
analis  (Mutilla),  44. 
analis  (Porapilus),  150. 
analis  (Scolia),  101. 
analis  (Spbe.x),  150. 
analis  (Vespa),  405. 
anathema  (Larra),  195. 
Ancistrooerus,  360. 
andamanus  (Bombus), 
551. 

an  Jreniformis  (Apis),559. 
angulatus(Ocelioxys),511. 
annulata  (Elis),  96. 
aunulata  (Scolia),  96. 
annulata  (Tipbia),  96. 
annulitarsis  (Oeropales), 
175. 


anomala  (Vespa),  400. 
anouyma  (Andrena),  444. 
Anoplius,  106,  147. 
antennata  (Mutilla),  49. 
autennata  (Nomia),  454. 
Anthidiura,  490. 
Authopbila,  408. 
Anthopbora,  523. 
anthracina  (Megacbile), 
473. 

anthracina  (Mygnimia), 
126. 

anthracina  (Myzine),  67. 
antbracinus  (Salius),  126. 
Anthreneida,  385. 
Apathus,  555. 
apicalis  (Otenopleotra), 
462. 

apicalis  (Melipona),  562. 
apicalis  (Trigona),  562. 
apioata  (Am  mophila),234. 
apicata  (Ccelioxys),  510. 
apieatus  (Sphecodes),  416. 
Apida3,  414. 
Apis,  556. 
Apius,  222. 
Aporus,  177. 
Apterogyna,  1. 
arohitectua  (Bumenes), 
339. 

arcuata  (Eumenes),  346. 
arcuata  (Veapa),  346. 
ardens  (Anthidium),  494. 
ardena  (Crabro),  325. 
ardens  (Megacbile),  475. 
arenaria  (Oerceria),  299. 
arenaria  (Mutilla),  30. 
argentata  (Spliex),  250. 
argentata  (Vespa),  358. 
tvrgent-atum  (Pison ),  220. 
argentatum(Rhynohium), 
358. 

argentatutn  (Rygchium), 
358. 

argentatus  (Orabro),  328. 
argentatus  (Lindeuius), 
328. 

argentatus  (Piaon),  220. 


566 


ALPnABETICAL  INDEX. 


argentatus  (Pisonitus), 
320. 

argoiiteofacinlis  (Aetata), 
209. 

argenteolineatus  (Oxybe- 

lua),  328. 
argenteoinaculata  (Mu- 

tiUa),  22. 
argentilVons  (Coclioxys), 

515. 

argon ti Irons  (Macrome- 

ris),  106. 
argentifions  (Paragenia), 

105,  100. 
ai-geutifrons  (Sphex),  250. 
argentipcs  (Mutilla),  42. 
argyrea  (Larrada),  19-1. 
argyreus  (Tachyspliex), 

194. 

ariadne  (Pompilus),  159. 
ariel  (Pseiidagenia),  1 12. 
aristocratica  (Icaria),  391. 
Arpactus,  271. 
arrogans  (Pompilus), 

152,163. 
avterais  (Pseiidagenia), 

111. 

artifex  (Toaria),  389. 
asiatica  (Elis),  100. 
assamensis  (Bombus), 
550. 

assamensis  (Polistes),  397. 
assimilis  (Helioryctes), 

271. 
Astata,  182. 
Astatus,  182. 
atalanta  (Agenia),  109. 
atalanta  (Pseudagenia), 

109. 

ater  (Pison),  217. 
ater  (Psen),  262. 
aterrima  (Steli.s),  496 
atomus  (Mutilla),  37. 
atrata  (Rlegachile),  475. 
atratus  (Lithurgus),  4li9. 
atripes  (Aramopliila),229. 
atripes  (Melipona),  561. 
atripes  (Pompilus),  163. 
atripes  (Trigona),  56] . 
atrocinctus  (Borabus), 
551. 

atropos  (Pompilus),  165. 
atrum  (Rhynchium),  355. 
atrum  (Rygchium),  355. 
audax  (Mygnimia),  132. 
audax  (Salius),  132. 
aulica  (Mutilla),  15. 
auraria  (Vespa),  407. 
aurata  (Liris),  205,  206. 
aurata  (Nomia),  458. 
aurata  (Sphex),  206. 


auratu.s  (Pompilus)  206. 
aurcicoUis  (Campsome- 

ris),  99. 
aureicoUis  (?  Soolia),  99. 
aureipennis  (Scolia),  79. 
aureiventris  (Lyrops), 

207. 

aureocincta  (Heriades), 
508. 

aureorubra  (Mutilla),  35. 
aureosericea  (Mygnimia), 
127. 

aureosericea  (Salius),  127. 
aureosericeuB  (Pompilus), 
127. 

aureosericeua  (Salius), 
127. 

auriceps  (Tachysphex), 
194. 

aui-icomus  (Orabro),  327. 
aurifex  (Mutilla),  34. 
aurifex  (Spliex),  251. 
aurifrons  (Mutilla),  32. 
aurifrons  (Nomia),  455. 
aurifrons  (Sphex),  247. 
auripennis  (Tiphia),  64. 
auripennis  (Xylocopa), 
538. 

auropalliata  (Mutilla),39. 
aiirulenta  (Larrada),  206. 
aurulentus  (Sphes),  250. 
avidus  (Philanthus),  297. 
azurea  (?  Elis),  99. 
azureum  (Ohlorion),  242. 


badia  (Megachile),  481. 
basalis  (Ammophila), 
231. 

basalis  (Cojlioxys),  513. 
basalis  (Nomia),  453. 
basalis  (Nysson),  269. 
basalis  (Philanthus), 
296. 

basalis  (Tachytes),  188. 
basalis  (Vespa),  403. 
basalis  (Xylocopa),  542. 
basimacula(Ebynchium), 
359. 

basizona  (Tetralonia), 
520. 

beata  (Oeratina),  504. 
beatus  (Pompilus),  164. 
belicosus  (Salius),  127. 
beUa  (Elis),  93. 
bellardii  (Psitbyrus), 
656. 

hellicosa  (Mygnimia), 
127. 

bellioosa  (Prosopis),  413. 
beUicosus  (Salius),  127. 


bellula  (Megachile),  476. 
belluB  (Crabro),  328. 
bellus  (Oxybelus),  328. 
Belonogaster,  381. 
Bembyx,  284. 
bengalense  (Rhynchium), 
359. 

bengalensis  (Aporus), 
178. 

bengalensis  (Ohalybion), 
240. 

bengalensis  (Mutilla),  15. 
bengalensis  (Pelopoeua), 
240. 

bengalensis  (Scolia),  79. 
bengalensis  (Tachysphex), 
193. 

bengalensis  (Trigona), 

563. 
Bethylus,  56. 
bhamoensis  (Scolia),  80. 
bhavanaj  (Megachile), 

481. 

bicincta  (Anthophora), 
525. 

bicincta  (Apis),  625. 
bicincta  (MutiUa).  36. 
bicinctus  (Podalirius), 
525. 

biclipeata  (Vespa),  279. 
biclipeatus  (Stizus),  279. 
bioolor  (Apis),  477,  5.o7. 
bicolor  (Megachile),  477. 
bicolor  (Methoca),  63. 
bicolor  (Miscophus),  215. 
bicolor  (Paraicaria),  392. 
bicolor  (Salius),  122. 
bicolor  (Trypoxylon), 
227. 

bicolor  (Vespa),  404. 
bifasciata  (Cereeris),  312. 
bilineatum  (Sceliphron), 
238. 

bilineatus  (Pelopoeus), 
238. 

bilunata  (Scolia),  79. 
binotata  (Scolia),  84. 
bioculatus  (Pompilus), 
167. 

bipartitus  (Calicurgus), 
137. 

bipartitus  (Salius),  137. 
bipennis  (Agenia),  116. 
bipennis  (Pseudagenia), 
116. 

bipunctata  (?  Scolia),  81. 
bipuuctata  (Scolia),  84. 
bipunclatus(Dolichuru8), 
260. 

bipustulatus  (Odynerus), 
369. 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX. 


567 


blanohardi  (Eumenes), 
347. 

blanda  (Agenia),  114. 
blanda  (Mutilia),  17. 
blandfi,  (Pseudagenia), 
114. 

blandina  (Larra),  279. 
blandimis  (Stizus),  279. 
blandus  (Pompilus),  114. 
Blepliaripiis,  321. 
Bombus,  .o44. 
boops  (Astata),  182. 
borrei  (Bembex),  289. 
bracatiis  (Pompilus),  164. 
Brachj'tnerus,  321. 
brevipennis  (Ammo- 

phila),  2.32. 
brevirostrata  (Eumenes), 

337. 

brookicB  (Anthophora), 
532. 

brookii  (Crabro),  323. 
brunnea  (Vespa),  355. 
brunneum  (Bhynohium), 
355. 

brunneum  (Rygchium), 
355. 

bryorum  (Apis),  541. 
bryorura  (Xj'locopa),  541. 
buccinatoris  (Bombus), 
555. 

buccinus  (Halictus),  431. 
buddha  (Ammophila), 

229,  230. 
buddha  (Bembex),  287. 
buddha  (Orabro),  323. 
buddha  (Halictus),  437. 
buddha  (Mutilia),  21. 
buddha  (Nomia),  459. 
buddha  (Pompilus),  155. 
buddha  (Rhopalum),  323. 
buddha  (Trypoxylon), 

225. 

buddhaj  (Megachile),  484. 
burmanica  (Montezumia), 
350. 

burmanica  (Myzine),  70. 
burmanioum  (Thauma- 

tosoma),  467. 
burraanicus  (Odvnerus), 

371.  ^ 

casrulea  (Agenia),  121. 
cocrulea  (Pseudagenia), 
121. 

C£Brulea  (Trirhogma), 

260, 261. 
cserulea  (Xyloeopa),  544. 
caa-ulans  (Scolia),  83. 
coeruleopennis  (Mygni- 

mia),  132. 


creruleopennis  (Salius), 
132. 

creruleopennis  (Zethus), 
332. 

creruleus  (Pompilus), 
121. 

Calicurgus,  147. 
Calligaster,  332. 
callisto  (Agenia),  119. 
callisto  (Pseudagenia), 
119. 

calopteryx  (Stizus),  278. 
cameronii  (Halictus), 
432. 

cameronii  (Pompilus), 
170. 

campbelli  (Pronoeus), 
243. 

Campsomeris,  89. 
canaliculatum  (Trypoxj-- 

lon),  225. 
Candida  (Anthophora), 

.531. 

candidus  (Podalirius), 
631. 

canescens  (Enodia).  252. 
caneseeus  (Oxybelus), 
320. 

canifrons  (Melipona), 
562. 

canifrons  (Pompilus), 
165. 

canifrons  (Priocnemis), 
165. 

canifrons  (Salius),  165. 
canifrons  (Trigona),  562. 
capitata  (Nomia),  455. 
capitata  (Soolia),  76. 
capitatus  (Coelioxys), 
512. 

capitosus  (Pompilus), 
153. 

carbonaria  (Larra),  198. 
carbonaria  (Larrada), 
198. 

carbonaria  (Megachile), 
474. 

carbonaria  (Parevaspis), 
499. 

carbonaria  (Pseudagenia), 
106. 

carbonaria  (Soolia),  83. 
carbonaria  (Sphes),  250. 
carbonaria  (Stelis),  499. 
carbonarium  (Rhynchi- 

um),  358. 
cariana  (Mutilia),  49. 
earinata  (Nomia),  4.53. 
earnatica  (Vespa),  355. 
carnaticum  (Rliynchium), 

355. 


carnaticum  (Rygchium), 
355. 

cassiopo  (Mutilia),  24. 

cassiope  (Tiphia),  59. 

catullus  (Halictus),  424. 

Cemonus,  265. 

centuncularis  (Mega- 
chile), 470. 

cephalotes  (Megachile), 
485. 

Ceratina,  499. 

Ceratocolus,  321. 

Ceratophorus,  265. 

Cereeris,  299. 

Ceropales,  173. 

ceylanensis  (Mutilia).  15. 

ceyloniea  (Campsomeris), 
94. 

ceyloniea  (El  is),  94. 
ceyloniea  (Megachile), 
482. 

ceyloniea  (Mygnimia), 
"128. 

oeylonicus  (Odynerus), 
'368. 

oeylonicus  (Salius),  128. 
ceylonicus  (Zethus),  333. 
Ckalicodoma,  470. 
chalybea  (Ctenoplectra), 

461,  462. 
chalybeata  (Nomia), 

450. 
Chalybion,  235. 
channicus  (Bombus), 

648. 

Chelostoma,  507. 
Chevrieria,  265. 
chlorigaster  (Megachile), 
489. 

Chlorion,  241,  253. 
chloroptera  (Xyloeopa), 
540. 

chrysis  (Sphex),  242. 

chrysophthalma  (Mutil- 
ia), 33. 

cicatrificera  (Mutilia), 
31. 

cincta  (Vespa),  402. 
cineraria  (Andrena),  440. 
oingulata  (Andrena j,  526. 
eingulata  (Anthophora), 
526. 

eingulata  (Larra),  279. 
cingulatus  (Podalirius), 
526. 

circe  (Pompilus),  170. 
circinalis  (Eumenes), 
340. 

circumseribenda  (Mutil- 
ia), 48. 
ciris  (Halictus),  436. 


568 

clariponniB  (Ceropales), 
170. 

clariiionnis  (Myzino),  68. 
olaviitus  (Pson),  2()4. 
cl.vi)oata  (Nomia),  456. 
clypeata  (Pseutlagonia), 
114. 

ooarctata  (Eumenes), 

333. 
Ocelioiys,  508. 
cccnilea  (Spho.x),  242. 
cooriileus  (Bouibus),  544. 
oogiiata  (Ampulex),  2.57. 
colabensis  (Mutilla),  15. 
collaris  (Campsomeris), 

99. 

coUuriB  (Xylocopa),  543. 
Colletes,  408. 
OoUetida;,  408. 
coUiua  (Melipuna),  562. 
collina  (Trigona),  562. 
coloratum  (Trypoxylon), 

226. 
Colpa,  89. 

conibusla  (Myzine),  67. 
combusta  (Nomia),  456. 
communiB  (Andrena), 
443. 

communis  (Prosopis), 
409. 

comotfcii  (Mutilla),  34. 
corapressa  (Ampulex), 

253,  254. 
compressa  (Spbex),  254. 
corapi-essa  (Tiphia),  59. 
compreasum  (Oblorion), 

254. 

comptus  (Pompilus), 
162. 

concinnus  (Philanthus), 
298. 

concolor  (Agenia),  112. 
concolor  (Pseudageiiia), 
112. 

confluentus  (Odyuerus), 
367.  ■ 

confusa  (Anthophora), 
528. 

confusus  (Coelioxys),  514. 
confusus  (Podalirius), 
528. 

confusus  (Polistes),  394. 
coiigruus  (Stigmus;,  266. 
conioa  (Eumenes),  343. 
conica  (Vespa),  343. 
conicus  (Ooelioxya),  508. 
conjuncta  (Megachile), 
479. 

conjungenda(Mutilla),19. 
consanguineus  (Priooue- 
mis),  138. 


AlPHABETICAt  INDEX. 

consanguine  UB  (Salius), 
138. 

cons])icua  (Lavra),  187. 
conspicua  (Lai-rada), 
187. 

conspicua  (Tachytes), 
187. 

constanceu!  (Ampulex), 
255. 

constanceoe  (Mutilla),  17. 
constanceaa  (Rbiuopsis), 
255. 

constrictus  (Halictus), 
434. 

consueta  (Tiphia),  61. 
convexuB  (Prioonemis), 
128. 

convoxuB  (Salius),  128. 
corniculus  (Dolicburus), 
259. 

cornuta  (Ctenoplectra), 
462. 

cornuta  (Larra),  278. 
cornuta  (Salis),  497. 
cornutus  (Litburgus), 
469. 

cornutuB  (Stizus),  278. 
coromandelica  (Mutilla), 
37. 

coromandelicum  (Soeli- 

pbron),  238. 
coromandelicus  (Pelo- 

pceus),  238. 
coroiiala  (Anthreneida), 

389. 

coronata  (Mutilla),  21. 
coronatus  (PbilantbusJ, 

293. 
Cory  nopus,  321. 
cotesi  (Aporus),  178. 
cotesi  (Mutilla),  23. 
cotesi  (Salias),  146. 
Crabro,  321. 

crassioornis  (Sphecodes), 
418. 

cribrarius  (Orabro),  321. 
crinitua  (Priocnemis), 
140. 

crinitus  (Salius),  140. 
crocea  (Anthophora), 

526. 
Crocisa,  516. 
Crossocerus,  321. 
crudelis  (Ampulex),  258. 
crudelis  (Harpactopus), 

245. 

Ctenoplectra,  461. 
cuouUata  (ScoUa),  82. 
cuneatuB  (Ccelioxys),  514. 
cuniculus  (Halictus), 
436. 


cupreipenno  (Rbyncbi- 

um),  354. 
cupulifera  (Allodapo), 

506. 

curvata  (Eumenes),  347. 
curvutuB  (Pelopojus), 
239. 

curvicornis  (Systropha), 
4C6. 

curvipes  (Nomia),  447, 
450. 

cyanea  (Blis),  100. 
cyaneus  (Auopliua),  114. 
cyanipeunis  (8coliu),  82. 
cyauopterus  (Zethus), 

332,  333. 
Cyatliocera,  460. 
Cyclostou\a,  393. 
Cypbononyx,  122. 

dsedalus  (Pompilus), 
165. 

danae  (Pseudagenia), 
111. 

dasygaster  (Halictus), 
425. 

Dasyproctus,  321. 
deceptor  (Pompilus), 
110. 

deceptrix  (Pseudagenia), 
110. 

decipiens  (Ctelioxys), 
610. 

decora  (Orocisa),  517. 
decora  (Mutilla),  21. 
decorata  (Nomada), 
464. 

decorata  (Polybia),  384. 
decoratus  (Pompilus), 
152. 

decorus  (Halictus),  432. 
deformis  (PelopcEus), 
239. 

dehlieusis  (Pompilus), 
156. 

dejeanii  (Xylocopa), 
643. 

delessertii    (?  Stizus), 
280. 

dentata  (Cerceris),  303. 
denticoUis  (Mutilla),  37. 
dentipes  (Litburgus), 
47U. 

deplanata  (Notogonin), 
203. 

depredator  (Philanthus), 
295. 

depressa  (Eumenes), 
337. 

desertorum  (Mutilla), 
30. 


ilesicliosa  (Seolia),  86. 
cletectii3  (Pompilu3), 
159. 

diabolica  (Sphox),  250. 
diehotoimim  (Ryg- 

ohium),  357. 
dichotoum  (Rhynchium), 

367. 
Dielis,  91. 

dilGnis  (Odynerus),  366. 
diflormis  (Systropba), 
466. 

dileota  (Mutilla),  49. 
dimidiaca  (Ammophila), 
230. 

diiuidiata  [(Megachile), 
482. 

dimidiata  (MutiUa),  13. 
dimidiata  (Myzine),  68. 
dimidiata  (Scolia),  101. 
dimidiaticornis  (Myzine), 
68. 

dimidiatipennis  (Eu- 

menes),  342. 
dimidiatipennis  (Fer- 

reola),  171. 
dimidiatipennis  (Pom- 

pilus),  171. 
dimidiatus  (Odynerus), 

354. 
Dimorpba,  182. 
Diodonotus,  267. 
DiphlebuB,  265. 
Diploptera,  331. 
Discoiia,  71. 
discreta  (Mutilla),  48. 
discursus  (Halictus), 

427. 

disjuncta  (Apis),  480. 
disjuncta  (Megacbile), 
480. 

dissectus  (?  Pbilanthus), 
308. 

dissimilis  (Xylooopa), 
538. 

dissimulanda  (Mutilla), 
26. 

dissimulandus  (Halictus), 
440. 

diversa  (MutiUa),  32. 
dives  (Mutilla),  18,  32. 
divisus  (Pompilus),  163. 
Dolicburus,  259. 
dolosus  (Zethus),  333. 
dorsata  (Apis),  557. 
dorylloides  (Vespa), 

400. 
Dryinus,  241. 
Dryudella,  182. 
duboulaii  (Thaumato- 

soma),  467. 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX. 

ducali.3  (Coelioxys),  512. 
ducalis  (llaliolus),  435. 
ducalis  (Lari-a),  207. 
ducalis  (Lan-ada),  207. 
ducalis  (Liris),  207. 
ducalis  (Mygnimia), 
131. 

ducalis  (Salius),  131. 
ducalis  (Vespa),  401. 
dudgeonii  (Oolletes), 
409. 

durga  (Mutilla),  18. 
duvaucelii  (Tetralonia), 
520. 

Ectemnius,  321. 
edax  (Sphex),  251. 
edwardsii  (Eumenes), 
344. 

egregia  (MutiUa),  35.j 
eleotus  (Salius),  146. 
elegans  (Ammopliila), 
232. 

elegans  (Orocisa),  517. 
elegans  (Eumenes), 
344. 

elegans  (Larra),  197. 
elegans  (Pbilanthus), 
297. 

elegans  (Pompilus), 
151. 

elegans  (Tetralonia), 
520. 

eliformis  (SeoUa),  89. 
Elis,  89. 

elizabetba3  (Cerceris), 
312. 

elizabethse  (Megacbile), 
474. 

elizabethfe  (Salius),  128. 
elizabetbaj  (Scolia),  78. 
elliotii  (Nomia),  449. 
emarginata  (Orocisa), 
617. 

emergenda  (Mutilla), 
47. 

emeryi  (Mutilla),  47. 
emortuaHs  (Cerceris), 

303. 
Enodia,  241 
Eutomognatbus,  321. 
Entypus,  122. 
ephippiatus  (Pompilus), 

160. 

epbippium  (Spbex), 
250. 

Epipona,  332,  360,  385. 
Briades,  507. 
erigone  (Elis),  92. 
erigone  (Pseudagenia), 
119. 


569 

erratica  (Larra),  199. 
erratica  (Scolia),  77, 
79. 

erythrocopbala  (Ammo- 

pbila),  235. 
erythrocepbala  (Scolia), 

77. 

erythrocepbala  (Sphex), 
235. 

erythi'ocepbalus  (Pelo- 

poeus),  236. 
erytbrocera  (Mutilla), 

33. 

erytbrocera  (Tiphia), 
63. 

erytbrogaster  (Tachy- 

spbex),  195. 
erycbropoda  (Nysson), 

269. 

erytbropoda  (Spbex), 
248. 

erytbropoda  (Tacbytea), 
187. 

erythropus  (Pison),  221. 

erythropus  (Rhyn- 
chium), 353. 

erytbrosoma  (Liaoos), 
101. 

erytbrosoma  (Scolia), 
101. 

esuriens  (Eumenes), 

342,  343. 
esuriens  (Vespa),  342. 
Eumenes,  333. 
EumenidEe,  331. 
europtea  (Mutilla),  2. 
Euspongus,  271. 
Evodia,  408. 
exigua  (Eumenes),  348. 
exilipes  (Larrada),  202. 
exilipes  (Salius),  141. 
exiloides  (Mutilla),  48. 
eximia  (Elis),  94. 
eximia  (Isohnogaster), 

380. 

eximia  (Scolia),  94. 
eximius  (Bombus),  549. 
exortivus  (Pompilus), 
168. 

fabrioiana  (Nomada), 
463. 

fabricii  (Sphex),  250.  . 
faceta  (Megacbile),  48G. 
faceta  (Paraliris),  208. 
faddei  (Anthophora), 
533. 

fallax  (Anthophora), 
528. 

fallax  (Podalirius), 
528. 


570 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX. 


familiaris  (Pompilus), 
159. 

fasciata  (Andrena),  527. 
fasciata  (Ferreola), 
171. 

fasciata  (Larra),  278. 
faseiatipennis  (Piagetia), 
211. 

fasciato-punctata 

(Scolia),  84. 
faaciatiis  (Iswara),  55. 
fasciatus  (PompiluB), 

171. 

fasciatus  (Stiziis),  278. 
fascipulata  (Megachile), 
473. 

favosa  (Melipona),  559. 
fere  (Mutilla),  11. 
feai  (Halictus),  433. 
feai  (Nomioides).  426. 
feai  (Prosopis),  411. 
I'elderi    (?  Megachile), 
480. 

femorata  (Megachile), 
488. 

femorata  (Tiphia),  57. 
fenestrata  (Apis),  539. 
fenestrata  (Ferreola'), 
170. 

fenestrata  (Mygnimia), 
132. 

fenestrata  (Xylocopa), 
539. 

fenestratus  (Pompilus), 
151. 

fenestratus  (Salius), 
132. 

ferox  (Cerceris),  309. 
ferox  (Sphex),  251. 
Ferreola,  147,  169. 
ferruginea  (loaria),  387. 
ferruginea  (Polistes), 
387. 

ferruginea  (Sphex),  250. 
ferruginea  (Vespa), 
387. 

ferruginea  (Xylocopa), 
543. 

fervens  (Cerceris),  305. 
ferrens  (Sphex),  252. 
fervida  (Mygnimia), 
134. 

fervida  (Nomia),  456. 
fervida  (Prosopis),  412. 
fervida  (Scolia),  84. 
fervida  (Tachytes),  186. 
fervida  (Priocnemis), 
134. 

festivus  (Bombus),  553. 
figulus  (Trypoxylon), 
222. 


filicornis  (Toobysphex), 
192. 

fimbriata  (Anthophora), 
530. 

fimbriata  (Elis),  99. 
fimbriata  (Scolia),  99. 
flnibriatellus  (Halictus), 
433. 

fiinbriatus  (Haliotus), 
433. 

fimbriatus  (Podalirius), 
530. 

fistulosuB  (Odynerus), 
370. 

flava  (?  Hemipepsis), 
128. 

flava  (Mygnimia),  142. 
flava  (Sphex),  142. 
flavescens  (Bombus),  550. 
flaviceps  (Vespa),  406. 
flavifrons  (Scolia),  71. 
flavifrons  (Sphex),  99. 
flavipennis  (bphex),  241. 
flavipennis  (Tiphia),  59. 
flavipes  (Oxybelus), 
319. 

flavipes  (Palarus),  213. 
flavolineatum  (Rhyn- 

chium),  360. 
flavolineatiis  (Odynerus), 

360. 

flavomaculatum  (Anthid- 
ium),  492. 

flavomarginatum  (Ehyn- 
chium),  359. 

flavonigrescens  (Xylo- 
copa), 544. 

flavopiota  (Ceratina), 
503. 

flavopicta  (Oerceris),  306. 
flavopicta  (Ceropales), 
175. 

flavopicta  (Eumenes), 
345. 

flavopictus  (Orabro),  824. 

flavothoracicus  (Bom- 
bus), 552. 

flavus  (Pompilus),  142. 

flavus  (Priocnemis), 
142. 

flavus  (Salius),  142. 
flebelis  (Pelopoeus),  240. 
floralis  (Apis),  559. 
floralis  (Nomia),  453. 
florea  (Apis),  659. 
floridula  (Andrena), 
444. 

floridula  (Scolia),  88. 
forniosa  (Icaria),  392. 
formosa  (Lyroda).  209. 
formosa  (Morphota),  209. 


formosa  (Nomiii),  451. 
fdrmoBum  (Sceliphron), 
230. 

formosuB  (Pelopoeus), 

239. 
Fossores,  1. 

fossoria  (Bembex),  290. 
fragilis  (Odynerus),  3I>7. 
fraterna  (Anthophora), 
529. 

fraterna  (Ischnognster), 
378. 

fraterna  (Megachile), 
478. 

fraternum  (Anthidium), 
495. 

fraternuB  (Odynerus), 
366. 

frauenfeldiana  (Agenia), 
110. 

frauenfeldiana  (Pseuda- 
genia),  110. 

fulgidipennis  (Priocne- 
mis), 138. 

fulgidipennis  (Salius), 
138. 

fulgipennis  (IsobnogaB- 

ter),  376. 
fulvifrons  (Scolia),  81. 
fulvipennis  (Hemipepsis), 

129. 

fulvipennis  (Megachile), 
475. 

fulvipennis  (Pompilus), 
129. 

fulvipennis  (Salius),  129. 

fulvipennis  (Sphex),  129. 

fulvo-fasciata  (Mega- 
chile), 484. 

fulvo-hirtus  (Sphex),  244. 

fulvopicta  (Liacos),  102. 

fulvopilosus  (Oxybelus), 
319. 

fulvovestita  (Megachile), 
477. 

fumipennis  (Sphecodes), 
417. 

fumipennis  (Tiphia),  58. 
funebris  (Halictus),  436. 
funeraria  (Mutilla),  30. 
funerarius  (Bombus), 
551. 

funestus  (Salius),  132. 
fusca  (Crabro),  403. 
fuscinervis  (Tiphia),  63. 
fuscipennis  (Ammo- 

phila),  233. 
fuscipennis  (Ceropales), 

174. 

fuscipennis  (Ccelioxys), 
511. 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX. 


571 


fusoipennis{Orabro),  329. 
I'uscipenni3  (Larra),  197. 
fusciponnis  (Myzine),  67. 
fuseipennis  (Nomia),  459. 
fuscipenuis  (Peinphre- 

don),  265. 
fuseus  (Pelopoeus),  238. 
fusciis  (Pompilus),  148. 


gallicus  (Polistes),  393. 
garrulus  (Halict.us),  434. 
Grastrosericiis,  216. 
Gastrosphteria,  241. 
geminug  (Salhis),  145. 
gibbus  (Sphecodes),  416. 
glauca  (Bembex),  291. 
glanea  (?Beaibyx),  291. 
glauca  (■?  Vespa),  291. 
godeffroyi  (Spliex),  251. 
Gonius,  213. 
Gorytes,  271. 
gracilescens  (Trypoxy- 

lon),  227. 
gracilis  (Eumenes),  343. 
graciiliraa  (Andrena), 

444. 

grandiceps  (Halictiis), 
426. 

grandis  (Sphex),  245. 
grasaator  (Salius),  143. 
greeiii  (Gorytes),  274. 
greenii  (Ferreola),  171. 
gribodei  (Megacbile),  478. 
gribodoi  (Mutilla),  46. 
griseopicta  (Megacbile), 
486. 

grossa  (Elis),  97. 
grossa  (Soolia),  97. 
grossa  (Tipbia),  97. 
guttatipennis  (Icaria), 
387. 

guttatus  ( Ancistrocercus) , 
370. 

guttatus  (Odyneriis),  370. 
gutturosus  (Halictus), 

430. 
Gyrostoraa,  393. 
gyroatoma  (Polistes),  394. 


habrocoma  (Elis),  97. 
habrocoma  (Soolia),  97. 
Habropbora,  521. 
Habropoda,  521. 
heematurus  (Bombus), 
548. 

haemorrhoidale  (Rbyn- 

chium),  3.54. 
haemorrhoidale  (Ryg- 

chium),  354. 


hajmorrhoidalis  (Bom- 
bus), 554. 

hremorrhoidalis  (Lar- 
rada),  207. 

hiDuiorrhoidalis  (Liris), 
203,  207. 

hKinorrhoidalis  (Lyrops), 
207. 

hsemorrhoidalis  (Pom- 
pilus), 207. 

hremorrhoidalis  (Scolia), 
77. 

hteniorrhoidalis  (Vespa), 

354. 
Halictus,  419. 
haiidlirsohi  (Mutilla),  46. 
Harpaotopus,  241. 
barriettB  (Andrena),  446. 
hauxwellii  (Ischnogaster), 

378 

hebr£Ea  (Polistes),  398. 
hebrsea  (Vespa),  398. 
hebrffius  (Polistes),  398. 
hecate  (Pompilus),  171. 
Helioryctes,  270. 
Hemipepsis,  122. 
bora  (Megacbile),  489. 
herbigradus  (Pompilus), 
155. 

liercules  (Salius),  127. 
Heriades,  507. 
hero  (Pompilus),  169. 
besione  (Bembex),  291. 
heteroptera  (Megacbile), 
475. 

hexaops  (Mutilla),  16. 
hieroglyphica  (Ceratina), 
503. 

hilaris  (Cerceris),  311. 
himalayana  (Melecta), 
516. 

himalayensis  (Antho- 

pbora),  532. 
himalayensis  (Oroeisa), 

517. 

himalayensis  (Tetra- 

lonia),  521. 
hirsuta  (Elis),  98. 
hirsuta  (Tipbia),  63. 
hirticeps  (Ammophila), 

234. 

histrio  (Oroeisa),  516, 
518. 

histrio  (Nomada),  518. 
histrionica  (Soolia),  86. 
Homonotus,  122. 
honesta  (Pseudagenia), 
109. 

honpstus  (Pompilus), 

109. 
Hoplisius,  271. 


hoplites  (Polistes),  395. 

Hoplitis,  468. 

hornei  (Megacbile),  473. 

humbcrtiana  (Ammo- 
phila), 230. 

humbortiana  (Cerceris), 
303. 

humbertiana  (Eumenes), 
338. 

humbertiana  (Mutilla), 
35. 

humberlianus  (Labus), 
349. 

humbertiauuB  (Odyne- 

rus),  371. 
humbertianus  (Prioone- 

rais),  142. 
humbertianus  (Salius), 

142. 

humeralis  (Scolia),  81. 
hypnorum  (Bombus), 
552. 

hypsipyle  (Pseudagenia), 
116. 

Icaria,  385. 

icarioides  (Odynerus), 
372. 

ichneumoneus  (Pompi- 
lus), 130. 

ichneumoneus  (Salius), 
130. 

icbneumoniformis  (Myg- 

nimia),  131. 
iohneumonoides  (Me- 

thoca),  52. 
ignicolor  (Pompilus),  161. 
ignita  (Scolia),  85. 
ignita  (Xylocopa),  540. 
ignobilis  (Pompilus),  166. 
illudens  (Tachytes),  207. 
ilus  (Pompilus),  171. 
imitator  (Anthidium), 

493. 

imitatrix  (Megaobile), 
484. 

impavida  (Montezumia), 
351. 

impiger  (Gorytes),  274. 
implicata  (Tipbia),  61. 
incisa  (Tipbia),  60. 
incognitus   (Pompilus ), 
156. 

Indiana  (Eumenes),  338. 
indiea  (Anthopbora),  533. 
indica  (Apis),  558. 
indioa  (Belonogaster), 
382. 

indica  (Bembex),  291. 
indica  (Montezumia), 
360. 


572 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX. 


iudioa  (Polybin),  382, 
384. 

indica  (Scolia),  84. 
indica  (Xylocopa),  530. 
indious  (Belonogaster), 
382. 

iudicus  (Eaphigaster), 
382. 

indicus  (Salius),  134. 
indostana  (Miitilla),  47. 
infestus  (Pompilus),  168. 
insignia  (Orabro),  326. 
insignis  (Passaloecus), 
267. 

insignia  (Soolia),  77. 
inslabilis  (Cerceris),  307. 
instabilis  (Soolia),  79. 
insidaris  (Aneiiia),  113. 
insiilaris  (Aulhopbora), 
629. 

insularis  (Mutilla),  25. 
insularis  (O.-cybelus),  318. 
insularis  (Podalirius), 
5-29. 

insularis  (Pseudagenia), 
113. 

intendens  (Anoistooerus), 
373. 

intendens  (Odynerus), 
373. 

intermedia  (Mygnimia), 
128. 

intevtiiedius  (Saliua),  128. 
interriipta  (Mutilla),  14. 
interruplus  (Palarus), 
214. 

interstincta  (?  Cerceris), 
303. 

interstinctus   (?  Pbilan- 

thus),  303. 
intricatus  (Halictus),  438. 
intricatus  (Odynerus), 

365. 

intrudens  (PelopcBus), 
236. 

intrudens  (Scelipbron), 
236. 

intrudens  (Tipbia),  61. 
intrudens  (Trypoxylon), 
224. 

invidus  (Haliotus),  433. 
iridescens  (Noniia),  452. 
iridipennis  (Maoromeris), 
105. 

iridipennis  (MeUpona), 
563. 

iridipennis  (Mygnimia), 
139. 

iridipennis  (Salius),  139. 
iridipennis  (Sphecodes), 
418. 


iridipennis  (Trigona), 
563. 

iridipennis  (Xylocopa), 

540. 
iris  (Colpa),  94. 
iris  (Elis),  94. 
iris  (Scolia),  94. 
Isohnogaster,  376. 
Isodontia,  241. 
Iswara,  54. 

jaculator  (Larrada),  203. 
jaculatrix  (Notogonia), 
203. 

javaiium  (Scelipbron), 
239. 

javanus  (Pelopoeus),  239. 
javanus  (Steganomus), 
460. 

josepbi  (Mutilla),  45. 
juncea  (Belonogaster), 
381. 

juno  (Pseudagenia),  121. 
juno  (Salius),  121. 
jurinei  (Scolia),  79. 

kantbellce  (Mutilla),  28. 
kauara3  (Mutilla),  36. 
kirbyi  (Cerceris),  313. 
kirbyi  (MutiUa),  20. 
kirbyi  (Scolia),  88. 
kobli  (MutiUa),  23. 
koblii  (Liantbrena),  212, 
213. 

koblii  (Pison),  220.  _ 
kriecbbauineri(Paraliri8), 
208. 

laboriosa  (Larrada),  204. 
laboriosa  (Notogonia), 

204. 
Labus,  348. 

lacbeais  (Porapilua),  167. 
laobrymosuin  (Antbi- 

dium),  492. 
lajta  (Ammopbila),  234. 
Ifflta  (Myzine),  70. 
liBta  (Salius),  133. 
liEvioeps  (Melipona),  663. 
liBviceps  (Scolia),  82. 
lajvicepa  (Trigoua),  563. 
Iffivicula  (Pseudagenia), 

118. 

liBvigata  (Ammopbila), 
231. 

laminella  (Mutilla),  24. 
lanata  (Apis),  483. 
lanata  (Megaebile),  483. 
Larra,  195. 
Larrada,  195,  201. 


laacivus  (Pompilus),  161. 
LasiogloBsum,  419. 
lateralis  (Stizus),  281. 
latilVons  (Ampules),  256. 
latipea  (Antbidium),  495. 
latipea  (Apis),  536. 
latipea  (Xylocopa),  536. 
latitarsus  (Beuibex),  289. 
lenia  (Buraenes),  347. 
lepeletierii  (Spbox),  251. 
lepida  (Ceratina),  505. 
Leatiforus,  271. 
leucopbaiua  (Pompilus), 
160. 

leucotarais  (Proaopia), 
410. 

levipes  (Passaloecua),  268. 
lewisi  (Oxybelus),  320. 
Liacos,  101. 
Liantbrena,  212. 
licbtensteini  (Megaebile), 
481. 

lilliputiana  (Mutilla),  11. 
limbatus  (Pompilus), 
160. 

lindenii  (Campsomeris), 
96. 

lindenii  (Elis),  96. 
Lindeniua,  321. 
lineatua  (Oxybelus),  314. 
lineola  (Spbex),  250. 
liodomus  (Halictus),  440. 
Liris,  205. 
Litburgus,  469. 
litigiosa  (Elis),  90. 
litigiosa  (Scolia),  90. 
lobata  (Apis).  559. 
lobatum  (Cblorion),  242. 
lobatus  (Spbex),  242. 
longiceps  (Bombus),  555. 
longipalpis  (?  Megaebile), 
475. 

longiventris  (Ammo- 
pbila), 229,  230. 

lucidipeniiis  (Halictus), 
435. 

lucidiusouluB  (Halictus), 
429. 

lucidulus  (Homonohis), 
156. 

lucidulus  (Pompilus), 
156. 

lucknoviensis  (Antbo- 

pbora),  528. 
luctuosa  (Elia),  95. 
luctuosa  (Melecta),  515. 
luctuosa  (Scolia),  95. 
luculenta  (Megaebile), 

479. 

lugubris  (Pempliredon) 
265. 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX. 


573 


lunnrifasciata  (Mutilla), 
3S 

lunata  (Bembex),  285. 
lunata  (Xylocopa),  639. 
lusca  (Nomada),  465. 
lusciosus  (Pompilus). 
173. 

liitea  (Melipona),  564. 
luteil'rons  (Sphex),  250. 
liiteipennis  (Spbex),  247. 
luteus  (Iswara),  64,  55. 
lyrata  (Tiphia),  60. 
Lyroda,  208. 
Lyrops,  185,  192. 

maoaensis  (Polistes),  398. 
Maoromeris,  103. 
macidata  (CeropaleB), 
173. 

maculiceps  (Mutilla),  28. 
maculifrons  (Aetata), 
183. 

maculipennis  (Polistes), 
396. 

maeulipes  (Pompilua) 
155. 

macuUventris  (Icaria), 
385. 

maculo-fa3ciata(Mutilla), 
29. 

madraspataoa  (Myzine), 
65. 

madraspatanum  (Sceli- 

pbron),  237. 
madraspatanus  (Pelo- 

pceus),  237. 
madraspatanus  (Pom- 

pilus),  139. 
madraspatanus  (Salius), 

139. 

madraspatanus  (Sphex), 
237. 

magnifica  (Vespa),  401. 
magrettii  (Bombua),  548. 
magrettii  (Habropoda), 
523. 

magrettii  (Stizus),  283. 
maia  (Sphex),  249. 
mainpuriensis  (Eumeues), 
340. 

maligna  (Andrena),  443. 
mandalensi8(Myzine),  66. 
mandalensis  (Plesia),  66. 
mandibulata  (Ammo- 

phfla),  234. 
manicatum  (Anthidium), 

490. 

marginata  (AUodape), 
507. 

marginata  (Epipona), 
388. 


marginata  (Icaria),  388. 
ranssurii  (Crocisa),  519. 
mastogaster  (Cerceris), 
310. 

maura  (Larra),  199. 
maura  (Larrada),  199. 
maura  (Liris),  199. 
maura  (Sphex),  199. 
maurus  (Pompilua),  199. 
maurus  (Sphex),  247. 
maxiininas  (Mutilla),  10. 
Megnohile,  470. 
Megalorama,  271. 
Megapodium,  321. 
melancholica  (Bembex), 
286. 

melanopyrus  (Helio- 

ryctes),  270. 
melanosoma  (Oblorion), 

243. 

melanoxantha  (Larra), 
283. 

melanoxanthus  (Stizus), 
283. 

melanurus  (Bombus), 

550. 
Melecta,  515. 
Melipona,  559. 
Melitta,  440. 
mellea  (Larra),  280. 
melleus  (Stizus),  280. 
mellifera  (Apis),  556. 
MelHnus,  268,  271. 
mellyi  (Rhynchium), 

356. 

mellyi  (Bygchium),  356. 

mephistophelica  (An- 
drena), 443. 

Meaopora,  262. 

Mesotricha,  533. 

metaUica  (Mutilla),  41. 

metallica  (Sphex),  250. 

metallicum  (Rhynchium), 
358. 

metallicum  (Eygchium), 

358. 
Methoca,  52. 
micans  (Ischnogaster), 

378. 

micromegala  (Pseud- 

agenia),  118. 
micromegas  (Agenia), 

118. 

micromegas  (Pseud- 

agenia),  118. 
Mimesa,  262. 
miniatus  (Bombus),  553. 
miniatuB  (Odynerus), 

366. 

minuta  (Crocisa),  519. 
minuta  (Xylocopa),  540. 


minutus  (Coolioxys),  512. 
miranda  (Perreola),  172. 
miranda  (Mulilla),  .W. 
mirandus  (Pompilus), 
172. 

mirandus  (Salius),  139. 
Misoophus,  215. 
mitis  (Pompilus),  155. 
mixta  (Prosopis),  410. 
moderata  '(Ceratina), 
604. 

modesta  (Tachytes),  190. 
moelleri  (Habropoda), 
523. 

moelleri  (Megacbile),490. 
moestus  (Pompilus),  163. 
molesta  (Scolia),  79. 
mdlleri  (Bonibus),  553. 
molleri  (Rhynchium), 
354. 

mollis  (Andrena),  446. 
momus  (Salius),  144. 
Monedula,  284. 
monetaria  (Tachytes), 
188. 

monilicornis  (HyliEus), 
413. 

monilicornis  (Prosopis), 
413. 

montana  (Habropoda), 
522. 

montanus  (Sphecodes), 
418. 

Montezumia,  349. 
monticola  (Megachile), 
480. 

montivagus  (Bombus), 
547. 

morawitzii  (Oeratina), 
503. 

morosa  (Andi-ena),  445. 
moroaa  (Montezumia), 
349. 

morosus  (Sphex),  246. 
Morphota,  208. 
multipictus  (Odynerus), 
368. 

multipictus  (Pompilus), 
168. 

mustela  (Prosopis),  411. 
mutabilis  (Agenia),  116. 
mutabilis  (Pseudagenia), 

116. 
Mutilla,  2. 
MutillidiE,  1. 
mutilloides  (Apterogyna), 

2. 

Mygnimia,  122. 
Myrapetra,  382. 
myrmecoides  (Pompilus), 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX. 


iiiystacea  (Apis),  479. 
uiystacea  (Megaohile), 
479. 

mysUceuB  (Qorytos), 

271. 
Myzine,  64. 

nana  (Agenia),  121. 
nana  (Larra),  200. 
nana  (Megaohile),  487. 
nana  (rseudugenia),  121. 
nanus  (Orabro),  330. 
nanus  (Oxybelus),  317. 
nebulosa  (Cerceris),  311. 
Nephridea,  217. 
nicevillii  (Saliua),  141. 
nidulans  (Oentris),  529. 
nigelluB  (Sphex),  249. 
niger  (Stigmus),  267. 
nigerrima  (Sphex),  250. 
nigra  (Methoca),  61. 
nigra  (Mutilla),  48. 
nigra  (Notogouia),  201. 
nigricans  (Astata),  183. 
nigricans  (Trypoxylon), 
224. 

nigriceps  (Philanthus), 
295. 

nigrifrons  (Ischnogaster), 
379. 

nigrifrons  (Odynerus), 
359. 

nigrigena  (Mutilla),  29. 
nigripennis  (Apis),  567. 
nigripennis  (Liris),  206. 
nigripes  (Ammophila), 
231. 

nigripes  (Sphex),  248. 
nigriventris  (Larra),  201. 
nigrocrerulea  (Xylocopa), 
539. 

nigrocincta  (Apis),  658. 

nilotica  (Vespa),  403. 

ninnii  (Mutilla),  11. 

nitida  (Myzine),  68. 

nitidipeunis  (Ischnogas- 
ter), 380. 

nitidula  (Rygchium), 
357. 

nitidula  (Tachytes),  190. 
nitidula  (Vespa),  357. 
nitidulum  (Rhynchium), 
357. 

nitidulus  (Orabro),  190. 
nitidus    (Orabro),  328, 
330. 

uitidus  (Oxybelus),  330. 
niveocincta  (Anthopho- 

ra),  527. 
niveocinctua  (Podalirius), 

527. 


niveosignata  (Mutilla), 
13. 

iiivosus  (HarpaotopusJ, 
244. 

nivoBUB  (Sphex),  244. 
nobilis  (Mutilla),  24. 
nobilis  (Scolia),  81. 
nodicornis  (Steganomus), 

460. 
Nomada,  463. 
Nomia,  447. 
Nomioides,  419. 
Notogoniii,  201. 
novarai  (Ampulex),  256. 
novarffi  (Oerceris),  305. 
nubilipeiiiiis  (Larra),  279. 
nuda  (Anthophora),  533. 
nudata  (ScoHa),  74. 
nudiceps  (Mutilla),  33. 
NysBOu,  268. 


obliterata  (Vespa),  403. 
obliteratum  (Pison),  222. 
obliteratus  (Parapison), 
222. 

obliteratus  (Pisonoides), 
222. 

obscura  (Scolia),  80. 
obsoleta  (Agenia),  113. 
obsoleta  (Pseudagenia), 
11,3. 

obsunator  (Salius),  144. 
obsouator  (Trypoxylon), 
226. 

ocellata  (MutiUa),  29. 
oculatum  (Ehynchium), 
351. 

odontophorus  (Orabro), 

.326. 
Odynerus,  360. 
olivieri  ( Apterogyna),  1. 
opalina  (Scolia),  75. 
opifex  (Orabro),  323. 
Oplopus,  360. 
optima  (Mutilla),  40. 
opulenta  (Mutilla),  42. 
opulenla  (Sphex),  250. 
opulenta  (Tachytes),  206. 
ordinarius  (Philanthus), 

296. 

ordinatum  (Anthidium), 
494. 

orichalcea  (Liris),  207. 
orientale  (Anthidium), 
495. 

orieutalis  (Ammophila), 
231. 

orientalis  (Aporus),  178. 
orientalis  (Astata),  183. 
orientalis  (Bembex),  289. 


orientalis  (Bombus),  5.55. 
orieutalis  (Cerceris),  302. 
orientalis  (Ceropales), 
157. 

orientalis  (Orabro),  324. 
orientalis  (Oyclostoma), 
394. 

orientalis  (Eli.s),  90. 
orientulis  (Methoca),  53. 
orientalis  (Myzine),  09. 
orientalis  (Palarus),  214. 
orientalis  (Planiceps) 
178. 

orientalis  (PoliBte8),394. 
orientalis  (Polybia),  383. 
orientalis  (Pompilus), 
157. 

orientalis  (Psen),  263. 
orieutalis  (Slizua),  280. 
orientalis  (Vespa),  403. 
ornata  (Cerojiales),  174. 
ornata  (Scolia),  76. 
ornatipes  (.Tachytes),  190. 
ornatua  (Ancistrooerus), 
364. 

ornatus  (Gorytes),  272. 
ornatuB  (Harpactus),  272. 
ornatus  (Odynerus),  364. 
Osmia,  468. 
ovalis  (Odynerus),  369. 
ovans  (Bembex),  292. 
oxybeloides  (Nomia),  457. 
Oxybelus,  268,  314. 


Palarus,  213. 
palitans  (Orabro),  329. 
pallasii  (Pterochilus), 
373. 

pallida  (Myzine),  69. 

Pallosoma,  122. 

pandora  (Mutilla),  27. 

Paragenia,  105. 

Paraicaria,  392. 

Paraliris,  208. 

Parapison,  217. 

Parapolybia,  382. 

Parapsammophila,  228. 

Parasphex,  241. 

parentissimum  (Ryg- 
chium), 354. 

Parevaspis,  498. 

parietum  (Odynerus), 
360. 

parthenope  (Pompilus), 
167. 

parvula  (Allodape),  507. 
parvula  (Heriades),  508. 
parvula  (Stelis),  497- 
Passalcecus,  267. 
patricialis  (Soolia),  75. 


peetinb-spinata  (Mu- 

tilla),  12. 
pedalis  (Pompilus),  163. 
pede3tris  (Pompilus), 

169. 

pedestria  (Prioonemis), 
169. 

pedostris  (Salius).  169. 
peduuculata  (Mutilla), 
51. 

peduuculata  (Pseudage- 
nia),  112. 

peduHculatus  (Pompi- 
lus), 112. 

pediLuoulatua  (Salius), 
112. 

PelopoDus,  235. 

Pemphredon,  265. 

penaugensis  (Scolia),  101. 

pendula  (Icaria),  388. 

pendulus  (Stigmus),  266. 

peneti'ata  (Megachile), 
484. 

pentadonta  (Oerceris), 
312. 

Pepsis,  235,  241. 
peregrin  us  (Priocnemis), 
137. 

peregrinus  (Salius),  137. 
perelegans  (MutiUa),  41. 
perforatrbc  (Ceratina), 
502. 

pernix  (Oeropalea),  176. 
perplexa  (Mygnimia), 
130. 

perplexus  (Pompilua), 
167. 

perplexua  (Priocnemis), 
167. 

perplexus  (Salius),  130, 
167. 

perrottetii  (Apis),  558. 
persouata  (Scolia),  81. 
personatus  (Bombus), 
548. 

perversa  (Mutilla),  50. 
petiolata  (Bumenes),  341. 
petiolata  (Myzine),  70. 
petiolata  (Vespa),  341. 
phtedra  (Andrena),  444. 
phalerata  (Blis),  94. 
Pliilanthus,  213,  293. 
Physoscelus,  321. 
Piagetia,  210. 
picta  (Ceratina),  502. 
picta  (Icaria),  388. 
pictoti  (Scolia),  8(). 
pictif'rona  (Xjlocopa), 
538. 

pictiventris  (Cerceris), 
305. 


AlPHABETICAL  INDEX. 

pictus  (Gorytes"),  275. 
pictus  (Pelopoeus),  238. 
pileatum  (Trypoxylon), 

223,  224. 
pilipes  (Anthophora), 

523. 

pilipes  (Nomia),  454. 
pilosella  (Mutilla),  45. 
Pilpomus,  106. 
piuguis  (Bembex),  290. 
Pison,  217. 
Pisonitus,  217. 
Pisonoides,  217. 
placida  (Mutilla),  35. 
placidus  (Salius),  136. 
Platynopoda,  533. 
plebeja  (Agenia),  114. 
plebeja  (Pseudagenia), 

114. 
Plesia,  64. 

plumiiera  (Sphei),  250. 
Podiigritus,  321. 
Podalirius,  523. 
policarinata  (Tiphia),  62. 
Polistes,  393. 
politus  (Grorytes),  275. 
Polybia,  382. 
PompilidfB,  102. 
pompiliformis(Tacbytes), 

185. 
Pompilus,  147. 
pondicberenais  (Mutilla), 

18. 

ponticerianus  (Odyne- 

rus),  371. 
poouaen.sis  (Mutilla),  39. 
prastabilis  (Salius),  136. 
prajterita  (Melipona), 

564. 

prteterita  (Trigona),  564. 
Priocnemis.  122. 
Priononyx,  241. 
prismatioa  (Ella),  98. 
prismatica  (Larra),  282. 
priamatica  (Scolia),  98. 
prismatica  (Trirbogma), 
262. 

prismaticus  (Stizus),  282. 
procer  (Scolia),  75. 
procera  (Scolia),  75. 
Proncjeus,  241, 
properua  (Salius),  140. 
propinqua  (Ceratina), 
501. 

propinquus  (Halictus), 

430. 
Prosopis,  409. 
proteus  (Halictus),  428. 
provida  (Mutilla),  50. 
provida  (Xylocopa), 

541. 


575 

proxiuia  (Megachilo), 
483. 

proxiuuis  (.Stizua),  283. 
pruinosus  (Pompilus), 
154. 

PsammOBciua,  271. 
Psammopbila,  228. 
Pson,  262. 
Paeudagenia,  106. 
Pseudospbex,  241. 
Psitbyrua,  556. 
Pterochilus,  373. 
pubescena  (?  Spbex),  253. 
puerilis  (Mutilla),  38. 
pulcbella  (Ammopliila), 

229,  230. 
pulchellum  (Anthidium), 

493. 

pulcbellua  (Pterocbilus), 
374. 

pulcberriraa  (Antbo- 

phora),  532. 
pulcberrimus  (Pbilan- 

tbus),  299. 
pulcberrimus  (Paen),  263. 
pulchra  (Cerceris),  308. 
pulebra  (Scolia),  86. 
pulcbra  (Spbex),  243. 
pulcbriceps  (Mutilla),  12. 
pulcbrina  (Mutilla),  41. 
pulebrineUa  (Mutilla), 

10 

pulchripes  (Megacbile), 
486. 

puchriventris  (Halictus), 
427. 

pulobriventris  (MutiUa), 
40. 

pulla  (Mutilla),  17. 
punctata  (Ammopbila), 
233. 

punctata  (Bumenea), 
339 

punctatipennis  (Odyne- 

rus),  365. 
punctifrons  (Pison),  213. 
punotum  (Odynerua), 

365. 

punctum  (Poliates),  365. 
puailla  (Mutilla),  38. 
pusillua  (Stizua),  283. 

quadriceps  (Crabro),  327. 
quadrifasciata  (Autbo- 

pbora),  529. 
quadrifasciata  (Apis), 

529. 

quadrifasciata  (?  Scolia), 
96. 

quadrifasciatus  (Podali- 
rius), 529. 


57G 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX. 


quaclriguttulata  (Scolin), 
95. 

quadripustulata  (Larra), 
84. 

quadripustulata  (Scolia), 
84. 

quadrispinosa  (Eume- 

nes),  336. 
quavtiniE  (Megachile), 

478. 

quinqueciucta  (Vespa), 
355. 

radoszkowslcii  (Habro- 

poda),  522. 
i-adoszkowskii  (Podali- 

rius),  522. 
radula  (Scolia),  96. 
radula  (Spex),  77. 
ratnosa  (Crooisa),  518. 
raaorium  (Anthidium), 

496. 

rava  (Pseudagenia),  120. 
redtenbaoheri  (Scolia), 
83. 

reflexus  (Pompilus),  159. 
regalis  (Ohlorion),  243. 
regalis  (Sphex),  243. 
regia  (Mutilla),  34. 
rejector  (Trypoxylon), 
226. 

relata  (Megachile),  480. 
remota  (Mutilla),  31. 
reprassentans  (MutiUa), 
14. 

reticulata  (Andrena), 
445. 

reticulata  (Elis),  100. 
reticulata  (Mutilla),  29. 
reticulatus  (Haliotus), 
438. 

reversa  (Larra),  281. 
reversus  (Stizua),  281. 
Eliapbigaster,  381. 
rhinoceros  (?  Megachile), 

480. 
Rhinopsis,  253. 
Ehopalidia,  382,  386. 
Rhopalum,  321. 
Ehynchium,  351. 
ritsemse  (Piagetia),  210. 
robustus  (Oxybelus),  315. 
rostrata  (Bembex),  284. 
rothneyi  (Andi-ena),  443. 
rothneyi  (Oerceris),  302. 
rothneyi  (Gaatrosericus), 

216. 

rothneyi  (Miscophus), 
215. 

rothneyi  (Mutilla),  27. 
rothneyi  (Pison),  221. 


rothneyi  (Pompilus),  169. 
rothneyi  (Salius),  146. 
rothneyi  (Sphex),  245. 
rothneyi  (Taohytes),  1 89. 
rubida  (Mygnimia),  130. 
rubidus  (SaHus),  130. 
rubiginosa  (Scolia),  76. 
rubripes  fSphecodes), 
419. 

rubro-maculata  (Elis), 
93. 

rubro-maculata  (Scolia), 
93. 

rufa  (Osraia),  468. 
rufescens  (Larra),  280. 
rufescens  (Stizus),  280. 
rufescens  (Xylocopa), 
543. 

rufioeps  (Scolia),  76. 
rufiforuis  (Ampulex), 
255. 

ruflcornis  (Melpona). 
563. 

ruflcornis  (Oxybelus), 
317. 

ruflcornis  (Piagetia),  211. 
ruflcornis  (Rhinopsis), 
255. 

ruflcornis  (Scolia),  79. 
ruflcornis  (Stizus),  276. 
ruflcornis  (Trigona),  563. 
ruficrus  (Mutilla),  14. 
rufidentata  (Montezu- 

mia),  349. 
ruflnodis  (Oerceri.'!),  303. 
rufipennis  (Sphex),  247, 

250. 

rufipes  (Anthidium), 
496. 

rufipes  (Larra),  200. 
rufipes  (Larrada),  200. 
rufipes  (Megachile),  484. 
rufipes  (Parapison),  221. 
ruflpes  (Tiphia),  61. 
rufltarsis  (Mutilla),  18. 
ruflventris  (Megachile), 
479. 

ruflventris  (Mutilla),  39. 
ruflventris  (Psen),  264. 
rufo-doraata  (Mutilla), 
51. 

rufo-fasciatus  (Bombus), 
547. 

rufo-femorata  (Tiphia), 
68. 

rufogastra  (Allodape), 
805. 

rufomaoulata  (Ischnogas- 

ter),  379. 
rufo-niger  (Taohysphex), 

195. 


rufo-zonatus  (Halictue), 
439. 

rugolatuB  (TTalictus),  436. 
riigosa  (Methoca),  54. 
rugosa  (Mutill.i),  15. 
rugosura  (Pison),  218. 
rugosus  (Nysson),  269. 
rupestris  (Psithyrus), 
555. 

rusliea  (Nomia),  457. 
Rygchium,  351. 

sabulosa  (Ammophila), 
228. 

sabulosus  (Oxybelus), 
316. 

Bacrissima  (Andrena), 
445. 

.osevissima  (Mygnimia), 
138. 

8a;vissima  (Salius),  138. 
Sagittarius  (Polistes),  295. 
Salius,  122. 

salutator  (Halictus),  437. 
samson  (Megachile),  480. 
Sapvga,  64. 
satelles  (Salius>,  127. 
saundersii  (Tachytes) 
189. 

savignyi  (Lirie),  207. 
scapulata  (Scolia),  81. 
Sceliphrnn,  235. 
schach  (Polistes),  394. 
schach  (Vespa),  394. 
schlettereri  (Mutilla),  43. 
scilula  (learia),  392. 
scitula  (Ischnogaster), 

379. 
Scolia,  71. 
Scoliidfe,  56. 
scutellata  (Nomia),  438. 
scutula  (ProBopis),  412. 
sejufioides  (Mutilla),  50. 
semiiErinus  (Halictus), 

424. 

semiaurata  (Mutilla),  31. 
semivestita  (Ohalicodo- 

ma),  474. 
semivestita  (Megachile), 

474. 

semperi  (Stizus),  283. 
sonescens  (Halictus),  438. 
separatus  (Pelopoeus), 
2.37. 

serenus  (Halictus),  440. 
sericea  (Pepsis),  250. 
sericoBoma  (Pompilus), 
143. 

sericosoma  (Priocnemis), 
143. 

sericosoma  (Salius),  143. 


serratula  (Mutilla),  26. 
eervillii  (CiirapsomeriB), 
96. 

severus  (Salius),  131. 
sexcinctii  (Elis),  89. 
sexcinctus  (Halictus), 
419. 

sexfasciata  (Myzine),  64. 
sexmaculata  (Ceratina), 
501. 

sexmaculata  (Mutilla), 
25. 

sexraaculatus  (Ooelioxys), 
513. 

sexpustulata  (Scolia),  84. 
siamensis  (Sphex),  248. 
sichelii  (Odynerus),  363. 
sikhimensis  (Odynerus), 
363. 

sikkiraensis  (Ampulex), 
257. 

sikkimensis  (Scolia),  85. 
Bikkimensis  CWaagenia), 
257. 

sikkimi  (Megachile),  479. 
Simblephilus,  293. 
simillima  (Amuiophila), 

229,  230. 
simillima  (Ceratina),  505. 
simillima  (Larra),  199. 
simillima  (Larrada),  199. 
simillima  (Nomia),  449. 
simillimus  (Bombus), 

554. 

simillimus  (Pompilus), 
166. 

simulus  (Bombus),  555. 
sinensis  (Pompilus),  133. 
sinensis  (Salius),  133. 
sinensis  (Tachytes),  189. 
smaragdinus  (Sphex), 
242. 

smilhii  (Ammophila), 
232. 

smithii  (Melipona),  563. 
smithii  (Methoca),  53. 
smithii  (Salius),  134. 
sodalis  (Crabro),  324. 
sodalis  (Sphecodes),  418. 
Solenius,  1521. 
solieri  (Pelopoeus),  238. 
solieri  (Sceliphron),  238. 
solitaria  (Nomada),  464. 
soror  (Mutilla),  12. 
soror  (Sphex),  245. 
specifica  (Scolia),  89. 
speciosa  (Icaria),  390. 
Sphecodes,  416. 
Sphegidte,  179. 
Sphex,  241. 

spinifrons  (Crabro),  327. 
VOL.  I. 


ALPHABETICAL  JNDB.V. 

spiniger  (Labus).  348. 
spinipes  (Ammophila), 
321. 

spinoUu  (PelopcDus),  237. 
spinola;  (Sceliphi-on), 
237. 

spinosa  (Ammophila), 

229,  230. 
spinosus  (Nysson),  268. 
spirilex  (Sceliphron),  235. 
spleiidida  (Macromeris), 

103. 

splendiduluB  (Halictus), 
423. 

splendidum  (Chlorion), 
243. 

splendiduB  (Sphex),  243. 
spodiozonius  (Halictus), 
431. 

squamosus  (Oxybelus), 
315. 

Steganomns,  460. 
Stelis,  496. 

steloides  (Megachile), 
490. 

stephani  (Mutilla),  43. 
stigma  (Polistes),  396. 
stigma  (Polybia),  384. 
stigma  (Vespa),  396. 
Stigmus,  266. 
StizuB,  276. 
stizus  (Scolia),  84. 
streuua  (Prosopis),  411. 
striatifrous  (Prosopis), 
411. 

striolatura  (Pison),  220. 
structor  (Vespa),  404. 
stulta  (Megachile),  476. 
stulta  (Pseudagenia),  115. 
subanalis  (MutiUa),  44. 
subcierulea(Anthophora), 
527. 

subglabra  (Mutilla),  19. 
subintrans  (Mutilla),  15. 
subita  (Lyroda),  208. 
subopacua  (Halictus), 
428. 

subpetiolata  (Nomada), 
465. 

subsericeus  (Pompilus), 
154. 

Bubtessellata  (Larrada), 
202. 

subleBsellata  (Notogonia), 
202. 

succincta  (CoUetes),  408. 
BulcatuB  (Polistes),  395. 
sulpburea  (Cerceris), 
305. 

sulphurescens  (Bembex), 
287. 


577 

sulphurous  (Philanthus), 
298. 

BUmatriE  (Icaria),  389. 
sumatJ-ic  (Vespa),  389. 
sumatrana  (Larra), 
198. 

sumatrensis  (Polybia), 
385. 

suspiciosum  (Pison),  219. 
sycophauta  (Hemipepsis), 
131. 

sycophauta  (Salius),  131. 
sykcsiana     (y  Nomia), 
454. 

Symmorpha,  515. 
Symmorphus,  360. 
Systropha,  466. 

Tachybulus,  217. 
Tachysphex.  192. 
Tachytes,  185. 
tamula  (Polistes),  396. 
tamula  (Vespa),  396. 
taprobante  (Ceratina), 
502. 

taprobana;  (Dolichurus), 
260. 

taprobante  (Halictus), 
428. 

taprobanic  (Mutilla?), 
18. 

tarda  (Astata),  184. 
tardus  (Halictus),  425. 
tarsata  (Tachytes),  188. 
taschenbergi  (Sphex), 
250. 

taschenbergii  (Bembex), 
292. 

taylori  (Mutilla),  42. 
tornatorei  (Mutilla),  45. 
torrida  (Andrena),  442. 
tenasserimica  (Mutilla), 
20. 

tenebrionis  (Crabro), 
402. 

tenuiscapa  (Xylocopa), 

537. 
Tenygra,  52. 
terminalis  (Bombus), 

5.52. 

terminata  (Nomia),  459. 
terminata  (Trigona), 
562. 

terrenus  (Salius),  141. 
terrestris  (Bombus), 
544. 

testacea  (Apis),  557. 
testaceipes  (Tachysphex), 
193. 

tetradonta  (Cerceris), 
304. 

2p 


578 


ALPUABKTICAL  INDEX. 


Tetrulonia,  520. 
Tluuiniatosoma,  467. 
thoracica  (Elis),  i)9. 
thoracica  (Melipona), 
564. 

thoracica  (Nomia),  451. 
thoracica  (Scolia),  99. 
thoracica  (Tiphia),  99. 
thoracica  (Trigona), 

564. 
Thynnidoe,  .52. 
Thyreopus,  321. 
timidus  (Halictus),  429. 
tin  eta  (Agenin),  116. 
tincta  (Paeudagenia), 

116. 

tinctipennis  (Ancisto- 

cerus),  372. 
tinctipennis  (Odynerus), 

372. 

tinctipennis  (Trypoxy- 

lon),  227. 
tinctus  (Pompilus),  116. 
Tiphia,  2,  ,5(5. 
tisiphone  (Larra),  198. 
tisiphone  (Larrada),  198. 
tiaiphone  (Notogouia), 

198. 
Trachuaa,  470. 
transversa  (Vespa),  357. 
transversum  (Eygchium), 

357. 

trepanda  (Bembex),  288. 
trichocondyla  (Mutilla), 
36. 

trioincta  (Megachile), 
489. 

tricolor  (Gorytes),  275. 
tricolor  (Myzine),  66. 
tridentatus  (Oxybelus), 
317. 

tridungulata  (Mutilla), 

11. 
Trielis,  90. 

trifasciatuB  (Bombus), 

548. 
Trigona,  559. 
trimaoulata  (Mutilla), 

22. 

Trirhogma,  260. 
Trirogma,  260. 
Triscolia,  71. 
tristis  (Oerceris),  309. 
tristis  (Elis),  92. 
tristis  (Halictus),  424. 
tristis  (Larra),  204. 
tristis  (Larrada),  204. 
tristis  (Notogonia),  204. 
tropica  (Sphex),  402. 
truncorum  (Heriades), 
507. 


Trypetes,  507. 
Trypoxylon,  222. 
tuberculata  (Megachile), 
475. 

tuberculata  (Sphex),  250. 
tuberculiitus  (Cypbono- 

uyx),  135. 
tuberculatuB  (Salius), 

135. 

tunicatus  (Borabus),  549. 
turcica  (Vespa),  403. 
tyrannioa  (Sphex),  247. 
tyrianthina  (Scolia),  75. 


umbripennis  (Megachile), 
483. 

umbrosus  (Sphex),  250. 
undata  (Vespa),  398. 
ungulata  (loaria),  391. 
unifnsoiata  (Cerceris), 
310. 

unimsciata  (Mutilla), 
45. 

unil'asoiata  (Vespa),  402. 
unilasciatus  (Pompilus), 
168. 

unicolor  (Apis),  558. 
unicolor  (Aporus),  177. 
unimaculata  (Scolia), 
75. 

urviUii  (Campsomeris), 
101. 


vachalii  (Halictus),  426. 
■vagabunda  (Ammophila), 
231. 

vagabunduB  (Pompilus), 
153. 

valentulus  (Salius),  145. 
valida  (Mutilla),  16. 
vallestris  (Bombus),  553. 
■variegata  (Epipona), 
388. 

variegata  (Icaria),  388, 
389. 

variegata  (Mutilla),  30. 
variolosus  (Alastor),  375. 
veda  (Mutilla),  37. 
veda  (Pseudagenia),  117. 
veda  (Salius;,  133. 
velox  (Oerceris),  307. 
velox  (Tachytes),  188. 
velutina  (Megachile), 
482. 

velutina  (Vespa),  405. 
venatorius  (Salius),  136. 
ventralis  (Melipona), 
562. 

ventralis  (Trigona),  562. 


venuata  (Lyroda),  210. 
vonusta  (Scolia),  88. 
vernalis  (Halictus),  430. 
verticalis  (Priocnemis), 
144. 

verticalis  (Salius),  144. 
verticalis  (Scolia),  77. 
verticalis  (Xylocopa), 

541. 
Vespa,  399. 
Vespidoj,  375. 
vespiformis  (Sphex),  277. 
vespifbrmis  (Stizus),  277. 
vestita  (Larrada),  188. 
vestita  (Megachile),  485. 
vicina  (Tachytes),  191. 
vicina  (Tiphia),  62. 
vicinissima  (Mutilla), 

13. 

vicinuB  (Halictus),  431. 
vicinus  (Sphex),  245. 
vidua  (Melipona),  561. 
viduatus  (Sphex),  252. 
vigilans  (Anthophora), 
528. 

vigilans  (Cerceris),  308. 
vigilans  (Megachile), 
488. 

vincta  (Nomia),  458. 
violacea  (Anthophora), 
531. 

violacea  (Macromeris), 
105. 

violacea  (Pepsis),  240. 
violacea  (Sphex),  240. 
violacea  (Xylocopa), 
533. 

violaceipennis  (Ammo- 
phila), 235. 

violaceum  (Chalybion), 
240. 

violaceum  (Sceliphron), 
240. 

violaceus  (Pelopoeus), 
240. 

violaceus  (Podalirius), 
531. 

virchu  (Tachytes).  191. 
viridipennis  (Xylocopa), 
537. 

viridis  (Ceratina),  501. 
viridissima  (Ceratina), 
501. 

vischnu  (Pompilus),  156. 
vischu  (Amnlophila), 
233. 

viscosus  (Cerceris),  303. 
vishnu  (Cerceris),  308. 
vishnu  (Halictus),  437. 
vishnu  (Tachytes),  191. 
vitiosus  (Pompilus),  161. 


vitripennis  (Mygnimia), 
138. 

vitripennis  (Salius),  138. 
vivax  (Pompilus),  154. 
vivax  (Vospa),  4015. 
vivida  (Scolia),  87. 
vulgaris  (Vespa),  399. 

Waagenia,  253. 
waltlii  (Gastrosericus), 
216. 

wegtermanni  (Scolia),  77. 
weatonii  (Bembex),  293. 
westwoodii  (Nomia), 
449. 

wroughtoni  (Cereeris), 
306. 


ALPHABETICAIi  INDEX. 

wrinighloui  (G-asti'oseri- 

cus),  217. 
wroughtoni  (Haliotus), 

432. 

wroughtoni  (Mutilla),  16. 
wroughtoni  (Pompilus), 
151. 

xanthognathus  (Halio- 
tus), 432. 

xanthopterus  (Sphex), 
246. 

xauthura  (Eutnenes), 

341. 
Xylocopa,  533. 
xyetonotus  (Haliotus), 

439. 


579 

yorburghi  (Mutilla),  51. 
yerburyi  (Mutilla),  51. 
yerburyi  (Taohytes),  186. 

zebra  (Pompilus),  162. 
zelotypus  (Salius),  135. 
Zethus,  332. 
zeus  (Pompilus),  150. 
zonata  (Anthophora), 
527. 

zonata    (Apis),  627, 
557. 

zonatula  (Habropoda), 
521. 

zonatus  (Podalirius 
527. 


I'KINTBD  BV  TAYLOB  AND  fllANClS,  BEU  LION  COUBT,  FLEET  STEBET. 


1 


PLATE  I. 

Pig.  1.  Mutilla  aurifex,  Smith,  $  .  |   p.  34. 

„    2.  Mutilla  yerburyi,  Cameron,  cJ  •  f   p.  51. 

,,    3.  ScoUa  procer,  lUiger,  $.  -1-   p.  75. 

„    4.  lAacos  fulvopicta,  Camevon,  <S  ■  \   p.  102. 

„    5.  Salius  bellicosus  (Smith),  5  .  1   p.  127. 

,,    6.  Pompilus  unifasciatus,  Smith,  ?  .    p.  168. 

,,    7.  Sceliphron  madraspatanum.  (Fabricius),  $  .  -f .    . .  p.  237. 

„    8.  Sceliphron  violaceum  (Fabricius),  $  .  ^   p.  240. 

„    9.  Sphex  splenclidus  (Fabricius),  5  .  -j-   p.  243. 


[By  an  oversight  the  references  to  the  first  three  figures  were 
omitted  in  the  text,  and  fig.  7,  instead  of  fig.  6,  has  been  printed 
in  the  reference  added  to  Pompilus  unifasciatus,  p.  168.] 


HymenopteraVol.I .  Fa-un  .  Brit.Ind.  PI  1 . 


Horac;  KnigTit  lith.axlna.t. 


1* 


PLATE  n. 

Fig.    1.  Salius  Upartitus  (Lepeletier),  $  .  |   p.  137. 

„      2.  Liris  licemorrhoidalis  (Pabricius),  ?  •  |   P-  207. 

„     3.  Tachytes  yerburyi,  Bingham,  d  •  |   P-  l^^- 

„      4.  Bemhex  lunata,  Tabricius,  d  .  |   P-  285. 

„      5.  Trypoxylon  bicolor.  Smith,  $  .  f   p.  227. 

„      6.  Sphex  aurulentus,  Fabricius,  ?  .  |   P-  250. 

„      7.  Grabro  quadriceps,  Bingham,  ?  .  f   P-  327. 

„      8.  Cerceris  elizahethce,  Bingham,  ?  .  f   P-  312. 

„      9.  Eumenes  conica  (Fabricius),  2  •  t   P- 

„    10.  Montezumia  indica,  Sausaure,  2  •  |   P- 

„    11.  Ehynchium  moellerl,  Bingham,  2  ■  {   P-  354. 

12.  Odynerus  siJchimensis,  Bingham,  $  .  f   P-  363. 

„    13.  Odynerus  multipictus,  Smith,  ?  .  f   p-  368. 


Hymenoptera.  Vol.1 .  Faun.  BritJ-nd. 


PI  .U. 


West,Tfew/na.-n  chromo. 


PLATE  III. 


Fig.  1.  Tschnogaster  micans,  Saussure,  ?  .  j   p.  378. 

„  2.  Icaria  guttatipennis,  Saussure,  ^  .  j-   p.  387. 

„  3.  Polistes  sulcatus,  Smith,  $  .  -j-   p.  395. 

„  4.  Vespa  orientalis,  Linnaeus,  g  .  j-   p.  403. 

,,  5.  Vespa  dorylloides,  Saussure,  ^  .    p.  400. 

6.  Sphecodes  fumipeunis,  Smith,        ^   p.  417. 

„  7.  Halictus  dasygaster,  Vachal,  5  .    |-   p.  425. 

„  8.  Andrena  rothneyi,  Cameron,  $  .  f   p.  443. 

„  9.  Nomia  iridescens,  Smith,  5  .  ^   p.  452. 

„  10.  Osmia  adcp.,  Bingham,  S .  -f-   p.  468. 

„  11.  Megachile  aniliracina,  Smith,  5  •  \   P- 

„  12.  Megachile  umbripennis,  Smith,  $  .    |   p.  483. 

„  13.  Anihidium  ordinatum,  Smith,  c?  .  y   p-  494. 


Hyraenopter a  Voil .  1 .  Faun .  Brit .  Ind . 


PI. in 


Horace  KnigTat  Uth.aoL-na.t  • 


PLATE  IV. 


1.  Ooelioxys  decipiens,  Spinola,  $  .  \. 

2.  Heriades  aureocincta,  Bingham,  2  , 

3.  Ceratina  hieroglyphica.  Smith,  5  . 

4.  Anthophora  zonata  (Linnaeus),  $  . 

5.  Anthopliora  pulcherrima,  Bingham, 

6.  Hahropoda  magrettii,  Bingham,  d 

7.  Xylocopa  latipes  (Drury),  d  .  {■ 

8.  Xylocopa  ccerulea  (Fabricius),  ?  . 

9.  Bomhus  orientalis,  Smith,  5  .  y. 

10.  Bomhus  tunicatus,  Smith,  2  .  {. 

11.  Apis  dorsata,  Fabricius,  5  .  -f .  • . 

12.  Apis  indica,  Fabricius,  5  •  t-  •  ■ 

13.  Melipona  thoradca  (Smith),  §  .  f  > 


Hymen optera  Vol.  I .  Faun .  Bnt ,  In  d 


PI .  rv. 


Horace 'Knia'htlitln.acL  na.t. 


Tfest.lTavfiria.Ti  chrcrmo. 


VNIFOBM  WITH  THE  PRESENT  VOLUME. 


THE  FAUNA  OF  BRITISH  INDIA, 

INCLUDING  CEYLON  AND  BURMA. 

Published  under  the  authority  of  the  Secretary  of  State 
for  India  in  Council. 

EDITED  BY 

W.  T.  BLANFORD. 


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