■Ail
SYNOPTICAL COMPEND
OF
BRin iSH BOTANY,
ARRANGED AFTER THE
LINNEAN SYSTEM;
And containing
THE ESSENTIAL CHARACTERS OF THE GENERA,
THE SPECIFIC CIIARJCTERS,
Names,
PLACES OF GROWTH, SOIL AND SITUATION,
COLOUR OF THE FLOWERS,
TIMES OF FLOWERING, DURATION,
AND
REFERENCES TO FIGURES.
ORIGIN.^LL Y
Hv JOHN GALPINK, a. l. s.
THE SECOND EDITION
With Corrections ami considerable Additions,
Including
THE LINNEAN ORDER OF FERNS, TOGETHER WITH ESSENTIAL
CHARACTERS AND TYPES OF THE GENERA OF ALL
THE OTHER ORDERS OF CRYPTOGAMIA.
LONDON :
PRINTED FOR SAMUEL RAGSTER, No. Ifl, PATER.VOSTER ROW,
IlyO. F. Harris's H'iclow ff lirothers, Uoerpool.
MDCCCXX
TO TllK
PRESIDENT AND EELLOWS
OF
THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
OF LONDON,
OF A
COMPEND OF BRITISH BOTANY,
WHICH OWES ITS
ENLARGEMENT AND CORRECTNESS
TO THE
KIND REVISION
OF
ONE OF THEIR MOST DISTINGUISHED MEIMBERS,
IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED,
BY THEIR OBEDIENT SERVANT,
THE PUBLISHER.
No. I-U PATERNOSTER-ROW.
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2017 with funding from
Wellcome Library
https://archive.org/details/b29288459
PREFACE
TO THE FIltST EDITION.
iH E desifjn of the followiiij^ piihlieation is to fiu'ilitate the knowleilj^e of
our Eiij^lish Plants ainonj^ the lovers of Botany. To those ronversant with
the Latin langnaj^e the Compendium Flora- liritunniro' oi' Ssirrii may ap-
pear entirely to have superseded the necessity of such a puhlication. The
truth of this, as far as it relates to such per.sons, cannot he denied ; hut
among the admirers of Botany, some may be found who are wholly ignorant
of, or partially acquainted with, that language; and to such, perhaps, it
mav he presumed, without arrogance or vanity, that the present small work,
or rather translation, will he no unacceptahle puhlication.
The elegaut productions of WiTltEltl.VG and lltil.L, on Indigenous
Botany, have no doubt induced many to become acquainted with this most
pleasing branch of natural history, who otherwise would not have attempted
it ; but from the size and nundrer of volumes they are not conveniently port-
able, and consequently not always at hand for immediate reference. For
the purjrose, therefirre, of rendering the present volume as commodious as
possible for the pocket, such abbreviations as could with pro|rriety be
adopted have been made, which the explanatory table prefixed will sufiici-
ently elucidate : and in one view the student has an opportunity of mark-
ing on the one page, the class and order of every English species, accord-
ing to the .system of Linnaeus; the Linnean and E.nglish names, their soil
or situation, the colour of each Hower, the time of flowering, and duration,
together with references to the figures of plants as described by Curtis,
SowERBV, &c. and on the ojrposite (rage their specific characters. To
have included the class Cr^ptof^amin would have extended the present pidi-
lication to thrice its bulk, and tbereby bave rendered it less portable. Al-
VI
PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION,
thouj^h this class comprehends an assemblajre of vegetables whose structure
excites the highest admiration, yet the greater part of them, on account of
the minuteness of their parts of fructification, not admitting of that mode
of investigation usually adopted throughout the preceding classes, is seldom
attended to but by the experienced botanist. The author has to apologise
for any inaccuracies that may appear in this volume, disclaiming any merit
whatever on his part, further than endeavouring to promote the cultivation
of one of the most innocent, rational, and useful accomplishments.
PREFACE
TO THE SECOND EDITION.
1 HE esliniateil utility o^' tliis work was satisfactorily proved by the very
rapid sale of the first edition ; but tlie death of the author has hitlierto
delayed its republication. A new edition, however, having long been
called for, and the publisher having been favoured by a scientific friend
with an interleaved copy, containing not only corrections, but also, the
addition of all the British species of Plants described and figured in
Smith and Sowerby’s English Botany^ and in other works, since the
publication of the first edition, he has now the satisfaction of complying wdth
the often expressed wishes of many lovers of Botany, by submitting to them
the present work. This, like the former edition, neither has nor pretends to
have any claim to originality ; but tbe publisher trusts, that as forming a syste-
matic Index to the figures in English Botany^ besides containing descriptbns
of several Plants which are not figured in tliat extensive and admirable wak,
this edition will be acceptable even to the possessors of the former one. In
the first edition the author strictly adhered to the names of genera and spe-
cies as given by the learned President of the Linnean Society, and respect
for the deservedly eminent character of that individual would have led to a
similar course in the present publication, if in a work of this nature respect
for the character of an author or private friendship w’ere alone to be con-
sulted ; but the worthy individual alluded to possesses too much candour
and love of science to object to deviations from his works, when they apjKar
to be the result of investigation. The genera and species as given in
English Botany are, however, still retained, excepting where the author
of that work has himself altered them in subsequent publications, or where
a reference to the second edition of the IJortus Kewensis, enriched by the
superlative science of Broivn, as well as to other late works, has appeared
to make an alteration necessary.
preface to the second edition.
viii
The |)rinri|)al novelty' in tlie present piihlicalion is tlie introduction of the
class Cryptogainia, which was totally omitted in the former edition. To
have included a fidl description of all the Plants of that class would neces-
sarily have encreased the volume to a very inconvenient size ; hut it is
presumed, that the essential characters of the genera, with descri|)tions of
all the species of the Linnean Order of Ferns, and of at least one species
of each genus of the other Orders, will be considered as forming a valuahle
addition to Mr. Gai.I’INe’s work. The books from wbich this part of the
following pages is chieHy compiled, are English Botany., Hortus A'ctccn.v/s,
lloolctr and Taylors Muscologia Briiannica, Acharius's Lichvnographia
Univtrsalis, Etrsoon's Synopsis I'ungorum, and Sowerby's English Etingi.
The species given as ty|)es of the genera are piincipaliy selected either as
the most common, or as the most reniiukable for their appearance, or tor
some real or supposed (juality. In some cases a species is given of each
family or subdivision of a genus; and in Eucus and Ulva a species is given
of each of the new genera of LAMOUltoux ; this plan being considered
preferable to the full adoption of his genera, hecause a better' ar rarrgenrerrt
of this interesting tribe of jrlants is soorr expected from tire able harrd of
Mr’. Dawson Tuhneii. Mitch, indeed, is yet reiprired to be dune in lire
cryptogamic department of British Botarry ; particularly w ith r espect to
Algal., Liclitncs and Eungi,
The pages containing the genori" char acters at the begirrning of each
class are not numbered ; but as tire Irrdex to theGerrera contains tire rrurnber
preBxed to each genus thr oughout the work, as well as the numbers of its
class and order, the generic character may be referred to without dilbculty.
The English Index contains not only the names given in the body of the
work, but also a consider able number of syuoiryrus.
KXPLANATORY TABLE
OF
MARKS AND ABBREVIATIONS.
MARKS.
Put after the specific names of Plants which are not now found wild.
§ After the names of Plants which are doubtful natives.
! After the Soil or Situation ol'such Plants as are rare.
* In the column for figures, denotes that the fijjure there quoted is given
under a name ditferent from that under which the Plant is described in
this work.
SOIL, OR SITUATION.
Alp. bogs ... Alpine bogs.
bu. pi... bush j- places.
hea heaths.
lak lakes.
mar marshes.
inea. ... meadows.
riv rivulets.
roc rocks.
roc.&tr. rocks and trees.
Ba Banks.
Bar. gro Barren ground.
lica heaths.
past. ... pastures.
san sandy places.
Boggy hea... Boggy hcatlis.
m meadows.
|)l places.
Bo on M. In sc . ■
Bgs. on M. j on Mountains.
Bor. offi Borders of fields.
Br Branches.
Bushy li Cushy fieULs.
hi hills.
— pi places.
Calc, ha Calcareous banks.
roc rocks.
dial, ba Chalky hanks.
cl cliifs.
fi fields.
hil hills.
pa pastures.
so soil.
wo woods.
Clov.fi Clover fields.
Corn fi Corn fields.
Cult, gr Cultivated ground.
Dit Ditches.
bait Ditch banks.
Dry com Dry commons.
fi fields.
hea heaths.
m. pi mountainous places
EXPLANATOUY TAnLE OF ABRtlKVIATIONS.
Dry pas
St. pi
St. \v
wo
Duiifrhil
Edges of D...
Gniv. ban. ...
Ilea
so
Hea
Hea. & wo...
Hed. bun. ...
Higiil. va. ...
Hilly pas
Ir. Iv gs
— - mount
— ■ roe
— shores ...
— thick
Lak
Marg. lak. ...
Mai it. roc. ...
Mar
Mca
Mea. pas
Mie. rocks ...
M. alp. pi. ...
— alp. wo....
Moi. dial. ...
< ba. b...
fi
liea
bed
mea. ...
Pa«
pi
roc
roc.& tr.
s- P
wo
Mos. bog. ...
Mount
Mount, li. I
M. liea. ... J
M. pas
Mon. pi
M. roc. bea |
— thick
Dry pastures.
stony places.
stony woods.
woods.
DuiigliiMs.
Edges of Ditches.
Gravelly banks.
heaths.
pastures.
soil.
Heaths.
Heaths and woods.
Hcrige banks.
Highland valleys.
Hilly pastures.
Irish bogs.
mountains.
rocks.
shoies.
— ^ — thickets.
Lakes.
Margins of lakes.
Maritime rocks.
Marshes.
Al eadows.
Meadows and pastures.
Micaceous rocks.
Aloist alpine jilacos.
alpine woods.
chalky soil.
chalky bills.
fields.
ground.
beaths.
hedges.
meadows.
pastures.
places.
rocks.
rocks and trees.
shady places.
woods.
Mossy bogs.
Mountains.
Mountainous licallis.
pastures.
places.
rocky
heaths.
thickets.
M. wo
Mud. dit
sh
N. of Kng....
X. of Sco? ...
Old w )
Old wa. ... j
Osier hoi. ...
Pas
Peaty dit
Itiv. ban
Riviil
Hoad si
Hub
Salt mar
S. W. dit. ...
San. ti
mar. ...
pas
W
sh
w. pi....
Sc. alps
=
— mar
— mount. ...
— 1“'
. — roc
— sb
— thick.
— wo I
— wds. ... J
Sea CO
sb
Sev. isles,
Sha. ba. .
m. pi....
pl
roc
So. coast
S. of Sco
So. bogs
Stag. wa. ...
Ston. in wa...
Sto. & wa ...
Stony hi
Mountainous wood.s.
Muddy ditches.
shores.
North of F.ngland.
of Scotland.
Old walls.
Osier holt.s.
Pastures.
Peaty ditches.
River banks.
Rivulets.
Road sides.
Rubbish.
Salt marshes.
Salt water ditches.
Sandy fields.
marshes.
pastures.
places.
shores.
wet places.
Scottish alps.
hogs.
islands.
marshes.
mountains.
pastures.
ro( ks.
shores.
thickets.
woods.
Sea coast.
shore.
Severn isles.
Shady hanks.
bogs.
lanes.
moist places.
places.
rocks.
South coast.
South of Scotland.
Spongy bogs.
Stagnant water.
Stones in w ater.
Stones and walls.
Stony hills.
EXPLANATORY TABl.l': OK ABBREVIATIONS.
XI
Stony pa Stony pastnros.
pi places.
Snn. hil Sunny hills.
roc rocks.
Thick Thickets.
Tr Trees.
Tr. lY st Trees and stones.
T I II. of trees, T ranks of trees.
Tn. bo^s Turfy boj^s.
hea heath.s.
Unciil. jrr. ... Uncultivated Kioiind.
pi. ... places.
\Va. gr Waste ground.
Wat. coni ... V'atery commons.
COLOUR OK
Apetal { -itUout
Pur Purple.
Wat. pi Watery places.
sh. pi... shady places.
W. Alps Welsh alps.
Wei. hogs ... hogs.
lak lake.s.
roc rocks.
Wet alp. hea. Wet alpine lieaths.
com commons.
gr ground.
sa. p. ... sandy places.
s. gr. ... shady ground.
sha. pi. shady places.
thick.... thickets.
THE FLOWERS.
Scar Scarlet.
Viol Violet.
Yel Yellow.
TIME OF FLOWERING.
1. .lanuary. 2. February, d. March, Sic,
A. Annual.
B. Biennial.
DURATION.
P. Perennial.
S. Shrub.
T. Tree.
DESCRIPTIONS.
Androg. ..
... Androgynous.
Leaf!. ..
Anth
... Author.
L
Cal.
Calvx.
.AI
Calvpt
... Calvptra.
Nect. ..
Caps
... Capsule.
... Corolla.
Pan
Cor
Peilnnc.
Corviub. ...
... Corvnihus.
Perist...
Cvlmd
... Cvlindrical.
Pet
Dichot. ...
... Dichotomous.
Pist
Fern
... Female.
Polyg...
Filam
... Filament.
Kecept.
FI
... Flower.
Seg
Si lie. ..
Flow
... Flowered.
Spiked...
Fruct.
... Fructification.
Stig. ..
Germ
... Gernien.
Stam. ..
Invol
... Involucre.
Uinb
Leaflets.
Leaves.
Male.
Nectarv'.
Panicle.
Peduncle, or peduncicd
Peristome.
Petal.
Pist'l.
Polygamous.
Receptacle.
Segment.
Silicic.
Spikelet.
Stigma.
Stamen.
Terminal.
Umbel.
XII
EXPLANATORY TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS.
BOOKS QUOTED.
Acharius, Lichenographia Universalis.
Annah of Bot Annals of Botany by C. Konig and .1. Sims.
Bot. A/ag Curtis and Sims’s Botanical Magazine.
De Candolle \ ^e Candolle, Flore Fransaise.
1. Systeina naturale.
Dillwj/n Conf. Dillwyn’s Synopsis of the British Conferv®.
Eng. Bot Smith and Sowerby’s English Botany.
Vlor. Dan leones Plantarum sponte nascentium in Regnis
Daniae et NorwegiEe.
I/aller Haller, Historia stirpiuin indigenarimi Helvetia-
inchoata.
Hooker's Muse. Brit Hooker and Taylor’s Muscologia Britannioa.
Hort. Kew Hortus Kewensis. Ed. 2.
Hudson Hudson’s Flora Angliea.
Jussieu Jussieu, Genera Plantarum.
fMm ) Lamouroux in Annales du Museum d’Histoire
Eamouroux / naturclle.
TAnn Linnmi Genera Plantarum.
Pers. Si/n. Fung Persoon, Synopsis methodica Fuugorum.
Pluk. Phyt Plukenet, Pliytographia.
Sohi. Eng. Fung Sowerby’s Coloured figures of the English Fungi
or Mushrmims.
Swartz Swartz in Kongl. Vetenscaps Academieiis
Handlingar.
Trans. Linn. Soc. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London.
! Ventenat Ventenat, Choix des plantes.
i Wdid. Willdenow, Spei'ies plantarum.
CLASS I
JMONANDKIA.
ORDER I. MONOGYNIA.
* Sei'c/n naked.
1. Sai.ICOUXIA. ventricose, entire, for. 0. Afain. 1 or 2. Am/ 1,
in the bottom of tlio calyx.
2. IliPPUUIS. Cal. obsolete. Cor. 0. Seed 1, inferior.
Valeriana 1. Alchemilla 3.
** Seed-s capmdar.
3. Ciiaha. Bern/ many-seeded. Sti/le 0.
4. ZosXEllA. Caps. 1-seeded. Spadix sheathed, many-How. dispf)scd in
a double row. Sti". 2.
ORDER D. DIGYNIA.
o. CaI-LITUJCIIE. C(d. 0. Bet. 2. Seeds 4, naked, niar^inate on one
side, FI. some moiurcious.
D
( I )
CLASS I. MONANDRIA.
ORDER I. MOXOGYXIA.
c
o
t O ^
C
f. 'J5
LINXEAN XAMES.
EXGEISH NAMES.
Soil
or
uati
z
SALICORNIA.
SAAIPHIRE.
apetal.
A.H
4 1 ^
2 piociimltcns
procumbent
Salt mar.
«
A.
247.’..
H.
4 f'ruticosa
8,'J
p.
2487.
IIIPPURIS.
MARE’S-TAIL.
1 vulgaris
common
Ditches
apetal.
5
p.
CllARA.
CHAR A.
apetal.
7 «
A,
488.
7 «
A.
1 itTn
Pools !
A.
1 5
S. W. dit.
7 K
A.
A.
2140.
Zf)STERA.
GRASS-WRACK
1 marina
sea
Sea sh.
a|)etal.
8,!l
P.
487.
ORDER H. DIGYNIA.
CALLITRICHE.
STAR.WORT.
I aipiatica
water
Ditches
white
4-l(
A.
722.
( 1 )
CLASS I. MONANDRIA. ORDER I. MONOGYNIA.
SPECIFIC character.
1. SALICORNIA.
1. Herbaceous, erect ; internodes obconic. joints compressed : spikes ta-
jwring'.
2. Herbaceous, procumbent ; internodes obconic. branches simple : spikes
taperiufr : 2 stamens.
3. Wood}’, pr()cund)cnt ; internodes nearly cylind. joints compressed:
spikes oblong- : 2 stamens.
4. Woody, ascending- ; joints and internodes cylind. spikes nearly sessile,
cylind. obtuse.
2. HIPPURIS.
1. L. verticillate, linear : FI. sessile, one in the bosom of each leaf.
3. CHARA.
1. Striated without prickles ; L. subulate, jointed.
2. Furrowed : L. subulate, jointed : leatl. verticillate : stem prickles se-
taceous, tieflexed.
3. Smootb, transparent, without prickles : L. cylind. obtuse, mucronu-
lated, without internal partitions.
4. Smooth, transparent, without prickles : L. simple cylind. obtuse, mu-
cronulated, with transverse internal partitions.
5. Smooth, transparent, without prickles : L. simple cylind. elongated :
anther sometimes stalked.
G. Smooth, transjiarent, shining, without prickles; branches dichoto-
mous, acute ; L. awl-shaped, subdivided.
4. ZOSTERA.
1. Capsules sessile : L. linear, long, flaccid.
ORDER II. DIGYNIA.
5. CALLITRICHE.
1. L. opposite; FI. axillary, solitary, sessile.
CLASS IT.
DIANDRIA.
ORDF.R I. MONOGYNIA.
• FI. inferior, \-pet. regular.
(>. LiGfSTRl’M. Cor. 4-cleft. Berry 4-seede(l.
7. Fraxixus. Cor. 0. or 4-parted. Caps, compressed, 2-seeded FI.
some female.
** FI. inferior, \-pet. irregular, capsular.
n. VeroxiCa. Cor. 4-parted, wheel-shaped. Caps. 2-celled.
ID. PiXGriCULA. Cor. ririjrent, spurred. Caps. 1 -relied. Cal. 5-cleft.
11. UtriculaRIA. Cor. ririfrent, spurred. Ca/)*’. 1 -celled. Co^. 2-leaved.
*** FI. inferior, 1-pet. irregular: seeds naked.
13. I.YCOPUS. Cor. nearly ecpial, 4-cleft, one lobe notched. Siam, dis-
tant, simple. Seeds retnse.
14. Salvia. Cor. ringent. /'iVam. fixed transversely on a little pedicle.
•*** FI. superior.
8. CiRCAlA. Cor. 2-pct. Co/. 2-leaved. Cops. 2-celled. iS'cerA soUtary.
"***• FI. apetalous, or 4-pelalled.
12. l.EMXA. Cor. 0. Cal. 1-leaved. Caps, many seeded.
Salicomia 2, 3. Fraxinvs. Scliasnus 5. Lepidium 2. Coronopus 2.
ORDER II. DIGYNIA.
15. Akthoxaxtih':m. Cal. frlmne 2-valvcd, l-flow. Cor. glume 2-
valved, awned. Seed I.
Bromvs 1 1.
( 2 )
CLASS II. DIANDP.IA.
ttllDER I. IMONOGYNIA.
— C
i: V
c
tr 'A . •
LINXEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES
- 5
"Cw 0
F i
.•S
^ c
LIGUSTRUM
PRIVET.
I vulgare
common
Hedges
white ...
5,0
s.
704.
I'RAXINUS.
ASH.
T.
2 lieteropliylla
simple-leaved
Woods !
apeial ...
■1,5
T.
2470.
CIRC.EA.
ENCHANTERS’
NIGHT
SHADE.
P.
reddish
7,8
J*.
VERONICA.
SPEEDWELL.
7-9
P.
7
P.
073.
P.
7
inoT
7
p.
1 non
Sc. alps.
7,8
p.
484.
7 sorpjllil'olia
smooth
Mea. pas.
blue
5,0
p.
1075.
p.
p.
7«I
10 scutellata
marslj
Marshes
flesh ....
7^8
p.
782.
p.
700
12 Chama'drys
Germander
Mea. pas.
blue
rt
p.
023.
«»«
13 agrestis
procumbent
Cult. gro.
blue
4-9
A.
783.
5
A.
78J
4-9
A.
7ftJ
10 tripliyllos
finger’d
San. fi. !
blue
4
A.
20.
San. fi.
blue
4
A.
25.
( )
Cl.ASS 11. DIANDltlA. OlinKll I. MOXOGYNIA.
SVECIl'lC CHAILVCTEH.
fi. I.IGUSTRUM.
1. 1,. eliptic-lanceolate, obtuse, iiiucroi ulated.
7. I'llAXINUS.
1. Leafl. serrated : F I. de.slitiile i>f calvx and corolla.
2. L. bolli simple and rompunnd, wiili tooth-like serratures.
8. CIRCiEA.
1. Stem erect : 1,. ovate, dentic.idate, opaque, downy.
2. Stem ascending : L. cordate, serrated, shining: cal. membranous.
9. VERONICA.
• SpiLcd.
1. Spike term. L. opposite, bluntish, crenato-serrulated ; very entire at
the apex : stem ascending, simple.
2. S|)ikes term. L. r.pposite, elliptic, obtuse, unequall}' crenato-serratiid :
stem nearly erect.
3. Spikes lateral, peduncled : L. opposite, rough : stem procumbent. ** •**
** Coiymhoto-raremous.
4. Corymb, term. few. flow. L. elliptical : stems diffuse : caps, ovate,
4-valved.
a. Corymb, teim. manv-flow. spiked : L. elliptic-lanceolate : stems erect :
caps, ovate, 4-valved.
ti. Corymb, term, somewhat spiked : L. ovate, smooth, slightly serrated :
cal. ciliate : stem ascending, simjde.
7. Raceme term, somewhat sjjiked : L. ovate, slightly crenate, 3-nervod,
smooth : caps, tdicordate, shorter than the style.
8. Racemes lateral : I,, elliptical. Hat: stem creeping.
!l. Racemes lateral, opposite : L. lanceolate, serrated : stem erect.
10. Racemes lateral, alternate: pedicles divaricate : L. linear, denticulate.
11. Racemes lateral, elongated, filif<)rm, few How. L. ovate, petioled,
serrated : stem hairy on every si<le.
12. Racemes lateral: L. ovate, sessile, rugged, inciso-serrated : stem
hairy bifariously.
•** FI. nolitary.
13. L. ovate, inciso-sen ated, shorter than the pedunc : stems procumb:
seeds pitcher-shaped.
14. L. ovate, inciso-serrated; floral leaves lanceolate, longer than the
pedunc : stem erect.
I'l. I,, cordate, flat, o-lt)bed : cal. segments cord.ate : seeds pitcher-shaped.
111. E. uppermost, with fingered tlivisions : pedunc. longer tlum the calyx :
Seeds Hat.
17. 1.. with fingered divisions: pedunc. shorter than the calyx: stem
straight.
( 3 )
CLASS II. DIANDRIA.
ORDER I. MONOGYNIA.
Soil
or
Situation.
Colour
of Uie
Mower.
Time of
Flowering.
Duration.
- &1> z
-
Bo^s !
lilac
flj
p.
14.>.
violet
p.
70.
Ir. bog.s
blue
d,()
p.
2184.
'OIL.
Stag. wa.
vol.
7
p.
2.53.
Ir. bogs
yel.
7
p.
2481).
Bogs
yel.
7
p.
254.
Stag. w a.
c
A.
1)28.
Stag. wa.
r.j
A.
1005.
Stag. wa.
ti.7
A.
1233.
Ditches
7,3
A.
2458.
lOUND.
Riv. ban.
white
7,i!
P.
1 10.5.
Dry pas !
violet
7
P.
153.
Pas
violet
ti-io
P.
1.54.
10
11
13
14
LINXEAN NAMES.
PIXGUICULA.
1 lusitaiiica
2 viilf^ai’Ls
3 grandiHora
UTRICULARIA.
1 vulgaris
2 intermedia
3 minor .
LEMNA.
1 trisuica
2 minor
3 gibba
4 polyrrhiza.
LYCOPUS.
1 euro|)apus . ,
SALVIA.
1 praten.sis ..
2 verbenaca.,
ENGLISH NAMES.
BUTTERWORT
pale
common
large-flowered ...
HOODED MILFOIL.
greater
intermediate
lesser
DUCK-WEED.
ivy-leaved
lesser
gibbons
greater
CLARY,
meadow
wild english .
ORDER II. DIGYXLV
15
ANTIIOXAXTHUM. VERXAL-GRASS.
1 odoratum
sweet-scented ...
Mea. pas.
a
p.
047
I 3 )
CLASS II. DIAXDIIIA. ORDER I. MONOOYNI.L
SPECIFIC CHAllACTER.
10. PINGUICULA.
1. Nect. obtuse, shorter tlian the petal : scape villous : caps, globose.
2. Nect. cylind. acute, the length ol' the petal : caps, ovate.
3. Nect. cyliiid. acute, as long- as the petal, which is reticulated ; upper
lip dilated : caps, ovate.
11. UTRICULARIA.
1. Nect. conical : scape few-flow.
2. Nect. conical : scape ii-llow : upper lip of the cor. flat : L. crowded in
3 deep-forked segments.
3. Nect. keeled, very short, obtuse.
12. LEcMNA.
1. L. petioled, lanceolate, proliferous.
2. L. sessile, flattish on both sides : roots solitary.
3. L. sessile, somewhat convex, hemisphierical beueath : roots solitary.
4. L. sessile : roots crowded.
13. LYCOPUS.
1. L. sinuato-serrated.
14. salvia.
1. L. cordate-oblong, crenate ; upper embracing the stem : whorls
nearly naked : cor. helmet glutinous.
2. L. serrated, sinuated, smoothish : cor. narrower than the calyx,
ORDER II. DIGYNIA.
15. ANTHOXANTHUM.
1. Spike ovate-oblong : FI. longer than their awns, somevi’hat pedunc.
(
CLASS 111.
TRIANDRIA.
ORDER I. MONOGYNIA. * * •*
* FI. superior.
Ifi. Vai.etiiana. ro/-. 5-cleR, gibbous at the base. .SVcrf 1, naked.
17. Crocus. Cor. H-pailed, equal. Sti^. convolute,
lit. IxiA. Cor. li-parted, c(jnal. .Stig. filifonn.
I!). Iris. Cor. ti-parted, alternate petals reflexed. petalilbmi.
** FI. inferior f^tumose. Seed\. (Grass-like).
20. ScilOENUS. Clume.s clustered ; outer ones barren. Seed roundish.
21. Cyperu.s. Glumes 2-rotted, imbricated. .Seeel beardless.
22. St'iRPUS. G/i/me.v imbricated on every side.
211. EriopiioRUM. Glumes imbricated on every side. .Seed beset with
very lonp wool.
24. NaRDUS. Cal. 0. Cor. frlnine 2-valved.
.Juneus 4.
ORDER II. DIGYXIA. (True Grasses.)
* Calt/xes \-Jlow. scattered.
20. Kxappia. Co(. 2-valved, truncated. Cor. 1-valved, very hairy, abrupt.
2!!. Ai.opecuRUS. ('al. 2-val\ed. Cor. 1-valved, simple at the apex,
awned at the base.
27. rtlI.EUAI. Cal. 2-valved, linear, acuminate, sessile. Cor. 2-valv.
awnless included in the calix.
2a. rilAl.ARls. Cn/. 2-valved ; valves keeled, equal, includinfr a double
corolla.
Poi.YPOGOX. Cn/. 2-valves, awned at the apex. Cor. included, outer
valve awned at the apex.
111. MiI.ium. Cal. 2-valved, ventrico.se, larg-er than the corolla. Sti^.
villous.
;{2. Ar.llOSTIS. Cn/. 2-valved ; valves acute, shorter than the corolla.
Cor. membranaceous, hairy at the base. Sti^m. plumose.
oO. Dactyi.is. Co/. 2-valved, compressed ; larj^er valve keeled.
41!. S r I PA. Cn(. 2-valved. Cw. awn terminal, jointed at its base.
45. l.ACit-Rtrs. Cn^ 2-valved, awns villous. Cor. outer glume 3-awned.
Arundo 2, 11, 5. JMelira 1.
•* Calijxes -l-Jloxc. scattered, H-ealvcd.
llfl. AlR.v. Florets witliout a rudiment between them.
115. Mki.ICA. /{udiment of a third flow, between the florets.
114. Holci'S. Cor. awned ; one floret male.
2H. Panicum. Cor. cartilaginous, persisting; one floret neuter.
CLASS III. TRIAXDRIA. ORDKR II. DIGYNIA.
••• Calyxes many-Jiow. scattered, 2-valved.
38. Briza. Cor. veiitricose, valves rnrdate, obtuse. Seed depressed,
growing; to the corolla.
37. POA. Cor. valves ovate, rather acute, awnless. Spikel. rounded at the
base.
3(>. Sesleria. Cor. valves tootlied at the apex. Cal. awned. Stj/les con-
note.
41. Festi’Ca. Spihel. ohloujT, somewhat cylindrical : glumes acuminate.
42. Brojius. Spik'd, oblong: glumes awned beneath the apex: inner-
most pectinato-ciliated.
44. Aven'a. Cor. glume almost cylindrical : awn twisted from its back.
4t). Arukdo. Flor. beset with permanent wool.
Dactyl is 2.
*•** Spiked, common receptacle scrohiculate.
47. Lolium. Cal. 1-leaved, fixed, many flow.
48. Rottbollia. Cal. 1-leaved, sometimes 2-parted, mostly 1-flow.
FI. alternate, on a jointed rachis.
51. Triticuji. Cal. 2-valved, solitary, many flow. Rachis flexuose,
toothed.
40. Cynosurus. Cal. 2-valved, solitary, raany-flow. Recept. proper
unilateral, leafy.
40. Ei.YXIUS. Cal. 2-valved, lateral, aggregate, many-flow.
50. Hordeuji. Cal. 2-valved, lateral, 1-flow, growing 3-together.
ORDER III. TRIGYNIA.
.52. Montia. Cal. 2-leaved. Cor. 1-pet. Caps. 3-valved, 3-seeded.
54. Polycarpon. Caf. 5-leaved. Pet. f). Cans. 3-valved, many seeded.
53. llOLOSTEUJt. Cal. 5-leaved. Fet. 5, eroded. Caps, nearly cyliu-
driced, opening at the apex.
TilUea 1. Stellaria 2.
( 4 )
16
17
in
19
20
21
CL\SS III. TRIANDRIA.
ORnp.R I. MONOGYNIA.
N'NEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH N.V1IES.
c
— 0
= - ^
c. s
j.'-
C
.£
.c
V V. .*
.1= =
C
c~
’’ALPRIAX.A.
Valerian.
0 9
p.
1 ’.‘<1
p.
6
p.
pyrenaica
heart-leaved
Sc. VVds.
ro.se
6
p.
1091.
4
A.
jn 1
6 7
A.
1370.
cRocrs.
CROCUS.
9
P.
343.
3
P.
344
nudiHorns
naked-flowering’ ..
Meadow,
\dol
10
P.
491.
IXIA
IXIA.
Guernsey
4
P.
^r?40
IRIS.
IRIS.
7
P.
073
Sha. pla.
lead
6
P.
596.
>CHOF.NUS.
ROG-RUSH.
7.8
P.
Sp. hogs
6
P.
1121.
Tu. bogs
7
P.
7ill.
Sc. botrs
7
P.
1010.
8
P.
985.
8
P.
CYPF.RUS.
GALAXGALE.
Mar. !
7
P.
1309.
SC I R PUS.
CLUB-RUSH.
j)alustris
inarsh-crceping...
Mar.
6.7
P.
131.
( 4 )
CLASS III. TRIANDRIA. ORDER I. MONOGVNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
ir.. VALERIANA.
1. El. monandrous, tailod : L. lanceolate, very entire.
2. El. triandrous dioicous : L. radical ovate, fitein pinnate.
Id. E'l. triandrous: L. all ])innate: lead, lanceolate, almost uniform.
4. FI. triandrous: L. of the stem cordate, sei rated, on footstalks, the upper-
most pinnate.
f). FI. triandrous, stem dichotomous: L. linear-tougue-shaped, obtuse.
C. FI. triandrous: stem dichotomous with axillary tlowers: L. linear-tongue-
shaped : fruit ovate, 3-toothed.
17. CROCUS.
1. Stig. projecting, three-parted : segments linear.
2. Stig. inclo.sed, trifid : lohes wedge-shaped, incised.
3. Stig. inclosed, trifid : with many-cleft laciniated pencil-form lobes : FI.
leafless.
18. IXIA.
1.
1.
2.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1.
Stalk short, mostly 1-flow: L. linear, channelled: Stig. 2-parted.
19. IRIS.
Cor. beardless: inner petals less than the stigma, erect : L. ensiform.
Cor. beardless : inner petals greatly spreading : stem l-angled: L. ensi-
form.
20. SCIIOENUS.
Culm cylind. leafy : L. prickly on the back and margin.
Culm cylind. naked: head ovate: invol. 2-leaved, one valve subulate,
longer.
Culm roundish naked, spike 2-rovved, shorter than the 1-leaved invol:
spikel. many-flow: L. flat.
Culm cylind. naked: .spike 2-rowed, longer than the 1-leaved obtu.se in-
vol: spikel. few-flow: L. channelled.
Culm 3-sided, leafy: El. clustered diandrous : L. .setaceous: seed bri.stly
at the base.
Culm 3-sided, leafy: El. clustered, triandrous: L. thread-shaped: seed
with 3 bristles at the base.
21. CYPERUS.
Culm 3-sided, leafy: umb. leafy, decompound: pedunc. naked:
alternate.
22. SCIRPUS.
spikel.
* Spilit single.
1. Culm cylind. sheathed at the base: spike almost oval: terra, glumes
acute: root creeping.
( 5 )
CLASS III. TIIIANDRIA.
ORDER I. MONOGYXIA.
LINNEAN NAMES.
SCIRPUS.
2 nmlticaulis ....
3 caespitobus ....
4 pauciflorus ....
a acicularis
(I Buitaiis
7 lacustris
R jrlaiicus
‘J Holosclioenus
10 setaceiis
11 triqueter
12 carinatiis
13 maritimii.s
1 4 sylvaticus
ERIOPIIORUM.
1 vaginatiim ....
2 capitatiim ....
3 pal y.stai'hion. . .
4 aiifjustif'olium.
a j^racile
(i alpinuin
NARDUS.
1 stricta
ENGLISH NAMES.
CLUB-RUSH.
many-stalked
scaly-stalked
chocolate-headed
least
Hoatip":
hull-rush
g-laucoiis..
round chist.headed
bristly-stalked ....
triangular ..
hlunt-ed^ed .
salt-ir.arsh .
wood
hare’.s-tail
round-headed ....
broad-leaved .
common
slender
alpine
MAT-GRASS,
common
^ 3
^ O rt
C/> 3
Colour
of the
Flower.
- S
H ~
1 hiralion.
^ tcz
Tu. bogs
7
p.
1187.
Tu. heath
7
p.
1020.
Bgs.onM
8
p.
1122.
M. heaths
8
B.
740.
Ditches
7,8
B.
211).
Rivers
7
P.
868.
Salt mar.
7,8
P.
2321.
Sea sh.
8-11
P.
1812.
San. w'.pl.
7,8
A.
1803.
Mar.
8
P.
1804.
Riv. ban.
8
P.
1083.
Salt mar_
7,8
P.
542.
Moi.s. p.
7
P.
010.
Moors
3,4
P.
873.
Sc. mou.
8
P.
2387.
Bogs
4
P.
583.
Bogs
4
P.
584.
Sc. mou.
7
P.
2402.
Tu. bogs
4,0
P.
311.
Moi. hea.
7
P.
290.
( 5 )
CLASS III. TRIANDHIA. OROKR L INIONOGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTEK.
SCI R PUS.
2. Culm cj'lind. slipathcd at the base: spike ovate: tenii. glumes olhuse,
equal : root fibrous.
d. Culm cjdiiid. striated, sheathed, encompased with numerous scales at the
base : spike term, outer glumes largest.
4. Culm cyliiid. striated, sheathed at the base: spike term. I’evv-llow. longer
than the outer glumes.
;■>. Culm quadrangular: sheath at tlie base awuless: spike ovate, acute,
term : outer glumes largest.
(i. Stem leafy, flaccid, floating: pedunc. alternate, naked: spikes solitary,
term.
•* Spikes many : culm cylindrical.
7. Culm naked : pan. cymose, decomjxmnd, term, spikel. ovate.
8. Culm naked, glaucous : pan. cymose, not higher than the bractea :
spikel. ovate : stig. bifid.
9. Culm naked : heads clustered, pedunc. or sessile : invol. 2-leaved, un-
equal : L. channelled.
10. Culm naked, setaceous : lateral spikes sometimes in pairs, sessile,
without bractese.
Culm Ssidcd : panicle naked.
11. Culm erect, naked, acuminate: spikes lateral, sessile, or peduncled.
12. Culm naked, triangular upwards : pan. cymose : term, bractea pun-
gent: stig. bind.
**•* Culm 'd-sided : panicle leafy.
13. Pan. conglobate, term: glumes mucronate, lacero-3-cleft.
14. Culm leafy, cyme term: pedunc. naked, superdecompound: spikes
crowded.
23. ERIOPHORUM.
1. Culms sheathed, cvlind: 3-sided at the apex : spike solitary: glumes
scariose.
2. Culm sheatlied, entirely cylind : spike solitary, roundish : glumes
scariose.
3. Culms cylind: L. flat: spikes peduncled.
4. Culms cylind : L. channelled, 3-sided at the apex : spikes pedunc.
5 Culms compressed towards the top: L. 3-sided, channelled above;
spikes pedunc. longer than the bractea.
fl. Culms naked, angular: spike solitary, erect, shorter than the pappus.
24. NARDUS
1. Spike setaceous, straight, 1 -rowed.
( <> )
2C
27
28
CLASS III. TRIANDRIA.
ORDER II. DYGYNIA.
T.INNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
PIIALARIS. CANARY-GRASS.
1
cananensis ^ .
2 arundinacea .
RANICCM.
1 verticillatum....
2 viritle
3 Cnis-g-alli ...
4 .sa’iguinale...
5 daot3’lon
PHLEUM.
1 pratense
2 alpinum
3 paniculatum ....
4 Boehnievi
5 Mitlielii ...
8 arenarium
ALOPECURUS.
1 pratensis
2 alpinus
3 affrpstis
4 bulhosus
5 geniculatiis....
fi I'ulvus
mani'iod
reed
rough
green
loose
eock’s-foot.
creeping ...
CAT’S-TAIL-GRASS.
common
al))ine
panicled.
canaiA'
Michelian.
Sea
meadow .
alpine....
slender .,
bulbous .
floatinu: .
Soil
or
Situation.
Colour
1 of the
1 flower.
c c
it
c t:
5
rz
iZi
Figure
in fiiglish
Botany-
uncul. pi.
8-8
A.
1310
Dilclies
S.
7
P.
402.
Moi. fi.
6,7
A.
874.
San. fi.
7
A.
87a.
Moi. fi.
7
A.
878.
7
A.
849.
Sea shore
7,b
p.
8d0.
ASS.
-Mea. pas.
fi-l(i
p.
1078.
Sc. alps.
7
p.
.519.
Mead.!
7
A.
1077.
Plains
7
P.
•4a9.
Alp. roc.
7
P.
2265.
San. fi.
6
A.
*222.
ISS.
Mead.
5
P.
759.
Sc. raou.
7
P.
1128.
A.
848.
7
p.
1249.
7
p.
1250.
Ponds
7
p.
1467.
( « )
CLASS III. TKlANnUIA.
OIIDKU II. DIGYNIA.
SPECIFIC ClIAUACTER.
‘2o. 1> UAL AH IS.
Pan. ovate, spike-like: cal. flumes hoat-sliapod, entire: cor. 4-valved.
Pan. upright with spreading hranches : PI. crowded, leaning one way :
cor. '’-valveil, hairy.
2tl. PANICPM.
Spike verticillate : spikel. in fours: invol. I-How. 2-hristled, rough:
culms diffuse.
Spike cylind : spikel. crowded : invol. 2-How. manj’-bristled, roughish :
cor. smoothish.
Spike decompound : sjiikel. alternate or in pairs, subdivided : cal.
awned, hisirid : rachis nujstly .a-angled.
Spikes digitate, knotty at the base on the inside : P’l. in pairs, awn-
less : sheath of the leaves dotted.
Spikes digitate, villous at the base on the inside : PI. solitary : cal.
e(pial, contrary to the corolla : runners creeping.
27. PIILlvUAI.
Spike cylind. very long: glumes ciliate on the hack, longer than the
awns.
Spike ovate-cylind. awns the length of the glumes.
Pan cylind. spike-like: glumes naked, thickening upward: culm branch-
ed.
Pan. nearly cylind. spike-like: glumes linear-lanceolate, their inner
margin abrupt. Phutaris. Png. Hat.
Pan. nearly cylind. spike-like: glumes lanceolate awn-pointed, hairy,
fr inged : cor. oblong, hairv.
Spike ovate-lanceolate blunt: glumes lanceolate fringed: cor. shortened,
crenated. Phalaris. Eng. hot.
1 Culm
2 Culm
H Cidm
■I Culm
5 (.'uhn
ti Culm
28. ALOPPX'UHUS.
erect, smooth: spike somewhat lohed : cal. glumes united at their
bjise, villou.s.
erect , smoot h : spike ovate : cal. -glumes d<iwny, awnless, nearly
as long as the awns of the corolhu
erect, roughish: spike very simple, attenuated: glumes nakedish,
uniteil at their base; keel dilated.
erect: spike very simple, attenuated: cal. glumes separate, vil-
lous: root hulhous.
ascending, geniculate: spike somewhat lohed, cylind : glumes re-
fuse, haiiy, shorter than the awn.
bi'iit at the joints : sjuke .somew hat lohed, cylind: glumes retusc,
hairy, inclosing the awn : anth. roundish.
I)
( 7 )
‘.’0
:5()
31
32
33
CLASS III. TRIAiXnRIA. ORDER II. DK.YNIA.
LINNEAN NAMES.
KNAPPIA.
I agrostidca
POI.YPOGOX.
1 nionspelieiisis...
2 littorali.s
MILIUM.
1 eft'usiim
2 leadi^eruiii
AGROSTIS.
1 Spica-venti
2 canina
3 setacea
4 vulgaris
li stolonifera
0 alba
AIR A.
w
1 cristata
2 nrpiatica
3 ca'spitusa
■1 la-vigata
.') Ilexiiosa
I! canescens
•;nglish names.
Soil
or
nation.
~ c
tab
- s
Cl
2 3J0 ~
X
" - a
KNAPPIA.
3,4
A.
1 127.
BEARD-GRASS.
7,K
A.
•17(14.
I!
P.
•|2.'>L
MILLET-GRAS
S.
spreading
Moi. s. p.
•ij
P.
ikm;.
San. fi.
!!
A.
11(17.
BENT-GRASS.
silky
San. fi.
«,7
A.
!)dl.
^loi. pas.
7
P.
1
P.
1 1!U1
Moa. pas
P.
i»J7I
creepiiijT
Moi. m.
741
P.
i.m
marsh
Marshes
7
P.
1 1 8!l.
HAIR-GRASS.
741
P.
(:4«
Pools ...
P.
tiirtv
Moi. s. j).
P.
14.-.3.
smoDlh-slieathed
Sc. alps
i),f)
P.
21(12.
waved mountain
Heaths
7
P.
lal!).
San. sho.
7
P.
1 1 *10.
C 7 )
CLASS III. TltlANnUlA. OUnEII II. DIGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
2y. KNAPPIA.
1 -igrostis niinima. FI. Brit. 82.
30. POLYPOGON.
' I Awn much loiig'cr than thecal: root fibrous. Agrostis panicea, Eng.
Bot.
2 Awn not longer than the cal : rotrt creejiing. Agrostis littnralis, Eng.
Bot.
31. MILIUM.
1 FI. panicled, diffuse, awnless.
2 Pan. somew hat spiked : FI. awned.
32. AGROSTIS.
* .-iwned.
1 Outer pet. with a very long straight stiff awn, beneath the apex: pan.
spreading.
1 2 Cal. ovate, coloured: cor. naked: awn on the back incurved: culms
prostrate, somewhat branched.
3 Cal. lanceolate: cor. awned at the base: awn geniculate: L. radical
setaceovis.
** Avcnle/is.
4 Pan. spreading: branches divaricate, capillar)-: cal. equal, inner petal
twice as short, retuse.
5 Pan. comnact : culm branched, creeping : FI. heaped : cal. equal, lan-
ceolate, pubescent.
0 Pan. loose: culm creeping : cal. equal, lanceolate, shining : keel rough.
33. A IRA.
* A urn less.
1 Pan. spiked: cal. longer than the pedunc : pet. acuminate, unequal.
2 Pan. spreading: M. awnless, smooth, obtuse, longer than the calv.x:
L. Hat. ‘
j ** An-ncd.
! 3 L. flat: pan. spreading: pet. awned, villous at the base: awn short,
straight.
4 L. flat with very smooth sheaths: pan. close: pel. awned, villous at the
base.
5 L. setaceous: culm almost naked : pan. spreading trichotomous: pedunc.
, Ilexuose: awns geniculate.
•i L. setaceous: culm leafy: ])an. compact: awns clubbed at the apex,
I shorter than the calyx.
( 8 )
34
35
36
37
CLASS III. TKIANDHIA.
OKDEH II. DIGYXIA.
LINNF.AK NAMES.
AIIIA.
7 pra?cox
8 carj’opliyllea....
HOLCUS.
1 lanatus ....
2 mollis
3 avenaceus
MELICA.
1 imiflora
2 mitans
3 caenilea ....
SESLERIA.
I caarulea
PGA.
1 aqiiatica .
2 fluitans ..
3 distans
4 maritima
5 prociimbens .
6 riy;ida
7 compressa ..
8 alpiaa
(I flexuosa
10 hulbosa
ENdl.ISH NAMES.
HAIU-GHASS.
early
silver
SOFT-GRASS,
meadow
creeping,
oat-like .
MELIC-GRASS.
wood
mountain
purple
MOOR-GRASS,
blue
Mo.cba.b
MEADOW-GRASS.
Dry com.
San. pas.
Mea.pas
Corn fi.
Mea.pa.s.
Groves
Mount.
RoifonM,
2 X
c “ a
c . o
o cC
reed
flote .
reflexed
creeping sea
procumb. sea
hard
flat-stalked
alpine
■''•iszag
bulbous
Ditches
Rivulets
San. pla.
Salt mar.
Sea coast
San. pla.
Walls
Sc. alps
Sc. alps
Past.
- 9
c
5,6
7
<b7
7,8
*',7
5,6
•',7
8
/
6,8
/
7
7,8
6
7,8
7
7
5,6
A.
A.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
A.
A.
P.
P.
P.
i cr.. C
5-=
1206.
812.
1160.
1170.
813.
10.58.
10.50.
750.
1613.
131.5.
1.520.
086.
1140.
532.
137'.
365.
lOtX
1123.
1071.
( S )
CLASS 111. THIAXDRIA. ORDKR II. OIGYNLA.
SrKCiriC CllAKAtTKll.
AIR A.
7 L. setaceous: sheaths aui^iilar: I'l. panieulate-spikerl: flor. se.ssile,
naked at tlie base, awned on the Imek.
8 L. setaceous: pan. triehotonious, divaricate: Hor. sessile, awns genicu-
late tVoin the liack.
84. IIOLCUS.
1 Glumes villous : hennaph. Horet awnless : nude with a howed-reenrved
awn.
2 Glumes nearly ecpial, ahnirst naked : interior hennaph. (loret awnless:
male with a geniculate awn : root creeping.
8 Glumes unecpial, smooth: herma|)h. horet su))erior, scarcely awned:
male with a geniculate refracted awn : root knotty.
3,'i. MELICA.
1 Pan. 1 -rowed, hranched : FI. erect : calyx 1-flow.
2 Pan. comiiact, 1 -rowed, almost simple : FI. pendulous : cal. 2-flow.
8 Pet. acute: pan. compact : FI. erect, cylindrical.
88. SFSLFRIA.
1 Spike ovate-ohlong, imbricated : bractea alternate.
87. POA.
1 P.an. erect, hranched, lax: spikel. 8-flow, linear: flor. (d)tuse, 7-nerved.
2 Pan. hranched, divaricate: s|)ikel. appressed, cyliml. many-How : flor.
obtuse 7-nerv ed ; doubly nerved at the base.
8 Pan. hranched, eflu.se: hranciies at length reflexed : spikel. o-How : flo-
rets very obtuse, slightly .'i-nerved, polished.
4 Pan. branched, rather compact: spikel. .'i-llow: florets rather obtuse, al-
most cylind. slightly .'i-nerved: root creeping.
5 Pan. lanceolate, I -rowed, compact, rough: rachis cylind : spikel. about
.5-flow : florets rather obtuse, nerved.
8 Pan. lanceolate, distich. -l-n)wed, compact, smooth : rachis margined:
spikel. 7-How : florets cylind. nerveles.s.
7 Pan. 1 -rowed, compact : culm ascending, compressed: florets angular,
united at their base by a com|)licated vilhrs.
8 Pan. diffuse: spikel. 4-flow, cordate : glumes ovate, rathcrfalcate, free:
lower stipulm verv short.
II Pan. flexuose: spikel. 8-flovv : glumes ovate, united at their ba.se bv a
villus: stipula- all lanceolate.
18 Pan. slightly flexuose: spikel. 4-fl(jw : glumes united by a villus. L. ser-
rulated: culm bulbous at the base.
I
( !> )
CLASS 111. TlUANDlllA. OHDK'l II. DIGYNIA.
1 .
— 5
•r
c .=
1 3
^ >>
LINNEAX NAMES.
EX(iLlSII NA.MES.
<5=1
C w 5
c 0
X
a 5
1
- 7^ C8
Sf'" “
Pf^ A \iv A nrtw r:??
■*"
n
ca?sia
sea-green
Sc. mou.
'•J
p.
1719.
12
triviiilis
roug-liish
Mea.pas.
i;-9
p.
1072.
13
pralensi-s
.smooth-stalked ...
p.
1073.
14
fi
P.
*1004.
15
3 11
A.
1141.
ir.
Mount.
6.7
p.
1720.
17
Woods
p.
128.1.
18
p.
792.
BRIZA.
QUAKIXG-GIIA
SS.
1
A.
1318.
o
Fast. ...
p.
340.
DACTYLIS.
COCK’S-FOOT-G
4ASS.
1
8
p.
380.
9
6 8
p.
335.
CYNOSUUUS.
nOG'S-TAIL-GR
ASS.
1
Past. ...
p.
318.
9
A.
1333.
FESTUCA.
FESCUE-GRASS
1
Dry pas.
8
P.
585.
2
vivipara
viviparous
Sc. moun.
7
P.
1355.
3
Bar. liea.
ti
P.
1917.
4
Mea.pas.
i;
P.
470.
5
Alea.pa.s.
7
P.
2058.
(i
liroinoitles
haiTcn
4Valls
8
A.
1411.
( » )
CLASS HI. TRIANHRIA. ORHKR II. HIGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
POA.
11 Pan. diffuse ; spikel. ovate, 5-llow: glumes lanceolate, somewhat silky,
IVee : stipulm verj’ short, obtuse.
12 Pan. diffuse : spikel. 3-flow : glumes lanceolate, 5-nerved, united at
their base bj’ a web : stipulce elongated.
13 Pan. diffuse : spikel. 4-flow : glumes lanceolate, .'i-nerved, united at
their base by a web : stipulsc short, obtuse.
14 Pan. lax : spikel. cordate, about 3-flow: glumes ovate, acute, united at
tbe base by a web : stipulse short, blunt. P. nuhrrprvlfa , E. IS,
15 Pan. divaricate : spikel. ovate : flor. rather remote, rr-nerved, tree;
culm t)blic}ue, compressed.
Hi Pan. attenuated, erect: spikel. ovate, ahout 3-tlow : glumes bhintish,
villous at the base : stiptda? very short.
17 Pan. and L. attenuated : spikel. lanceolate, about 3-llow : glumes acute,
indistinctly 5-nerved : stipulae very short, notched.
18 Pan. generally simple, compact, erect : spikel. ovate. 4-flow, the length
of the «dyx : stipula' formed of dense hairs.
38. BRIZA.
1 Spikel. triangular, 7-flow : cal. longer than the flor : stijiulae lanceolate,
very long.
2 Spikel. ovate, 7-flow: cal. shorter than the flor: stipida; veryshoit, obtuse.
3!l. HACTYLIS.
1 Spikes in pairs, erect, smooth : spikel. 1-rowed, downy.
2 Pan. 1-rowed, supei decompound, crowded. j
40. CYXnSURUS. I
I Bracters pinnate-2-rowed, awnless: spike simple, linear. i
; 2 Bractem pinnate, chafl'y, awned : spike compound, ovate. j
1 41. PESTUC’A. !
' 1 Pan. 1-rowed, compact : flor. roundish, smooth at the base : culm squaie; |
L. setaceous, rough. I
' 2 Pan. 1-rowed, coTnpact; flor. compressed, keeled, awnless, somewhat |
downy, as well as the calyx : culm, sipiare: L. setaceous, smooth. |
3 Pan. 1-rowed, close, glaucous: flor. cylind. awned : culm, square : L.
compressed, channelled.
4 Pan. 1-rowed, difl’use : flor. awned : culm, cylind : stem leaves flat :
root fibrous.
5 Pan. 1-rowed : flor. roundish, awned : leaves downy above : root creeiiing.
C Pun. -rowed, erect : flor. subulate, awned, rough at the apex : L.
setaceous, shoiterthan the sheath.
( 10 )
CLASS III. TIIIAXDillA. OUDEIl II. niGYXlA.
T-IXNEAN XAMES.
EXdLlSlI XAMES.
KESCUIvGRASS
Soil
or
Situation.
Colour 1
of i lie 1
1 Flowc-r. j
= 1
q
c
>■
- SO z
Walls ...
0
A.
1412.
8
iinif;luini.s
Mrif^le-liu.sked ...
Sea CO" St
f)
A.B.
1480.
9
three flowered ...
Woods
8
P.
1918.
10
Woods
7,8
P.
1820.
11
M. woods
7
P.
10 5.
12
M. woods
8
P.
2200.
i:i
Moi. pas.
Mea. pas.
Moi.mea.
'h7
P.
1821.
14
piiiten.'iis
elatior
fi,/
P.
1592.
15
tall
fi,7
P.
1.593.
1
BUOAIUS.
BROME-GRASS.
7
A.
1171-
0
Corn fi.
7
A.
1884.
8
Walls...
»i
B.
lo78.
4
Mea. pas.
Corn fi
ti
A.
1079.
5
s(jiiarrosuS“|" ...
7
A.
1885.
0
Corn fi.
7
A.
1984.
pnUen.sis
Corn fi.
0
A.
920.
<>
upright perennial
dial. pas.
7
P.
471.
9
asp(»r
hairy wood
.Moi. s. p.
7
A.B.
1172.
10
Rubhish
fi,7
A.
1080.
11
nprij^lit annual ...
San. er.
0
A.
1008.
12
sylvafirns
slender wood
Hedjj;es
7
P.
729.
i:{
jiinnatiis
splUi d heath
llcath.s
7
P.
780.
( to )
CLASS III. TKLVNDUIA. OHDKR II. DIGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CIIAUACTEH.
FKSTUCA.
7 I’an. I-ro\vi>(l, eloiif^atod, iKiddiiij^: (tor. subidate, awnod, rough at
the apex: L. .setaceous, somewhat keeled, very sliort.
8 Pau. I -rowed, erect, nearly simple : Hor. suhulate, compres.sed,
awned : cal. I -valve very .short.
9 Pan. spreading; spikel. 8-tlow. with long awns.
10 Pan. I-rowed, nodding, hranched, lax: Hor. lanceolate, ventricose,
awned : L. ensiform, nerved.
11 Pan. 1-rowed, erect, much hranched, compact: Hor. ohlong, angular,
awnless : L. ensiform, striated.
12 Pan. 1-row ed, erect, much hranched : Hor. 2 or 8 ohlong, angular,
aw nless : L. linear, .striated.
13 Spike 2-ri)Wed, nodding: spikel. suhscssile, linear-ohlong: Hor. cylind.
nerveless, awidess.
14 Pan. 1 rowed, rather upright, lax : spikel. linear, compressed, rather
ohtu.se : Hor. cvlind. indistinctlv nerved.
15 Pan. snhdilFuse, nodding, much hranched, lax : spikel. ovate-lanceolate,
acute: Hor. cylind. indistinctly ner\ed.
42. BROMUS.
1 Pan. spreading: pedunc. mostly simple: spikel. ovate, compressed,
10-How : Hor. distinct, roundish.
2 Pan. spreading : pedunc. nearly simple: spikel. ovate-lanceolate, com-
pressed, 15-flow: Hor. .somewhat imhiicated, roundish.
3 Pan. erect, compact : pedunc. hranched : spikel. ovate: Hor. imbricated,
depressed, nerved, downy.
4 Pan. rather erect, diffuse: pedunc. simple : spikel. ovate, H-How: Hor.
imbricated, depressed, nerved, smooth.
5 Pan. nodding: pedunc- simple : spikel. ovate, 12-flow : Hor. imbricated,
depressed : awns divaricate.
8 Pan. spreading: |jedunc. branched: spikel. lanceolate, 8-flow: Hor. el-
liptical, imbricated, depressed, with 2 close ribs on each side.
7 Pan. spreading, compound: s|)ikel. ovate, tuigid, 8 or 10 flow: Hor.
elliptical, with 3 ribs on each side.
8 Pan. erect : pedunc. generally simple : flor. roundish, lanceolate: L.
radical, very narrow, with hairy ciliae.
9 Pan. nodding, hranched: flor. lanceolate, roundish, almost neiveless:
L. uniform; lower hirsute.
10 Pan. nodding, generally simple: flor. lanceolate, nerved, furrowed:
L. downy.
11 Pan. erect, sjneading, scarcely hranched : flor. lanceolate, nerved, fur-
rowed, diandrous.
12 Spike simple, nodding, 1 -rowed : spikel. sessile, roundish: awns
longer than the glume : L. hairy.
13 Spike simple, erect, 2-rowed : spikel. sessile, roundish: .awns shoiter
than the L''hmip : I ,. nakedi- h.
E
( 11 )
CLASS III. TRIANDRIA.
ORDER II. DIGYNIA.
Soil
or
Situation. [
Colour
oftlie
Flower.
Dit
Sea coa..
43
44
LINNEAX NAMES. ENGLISH NAMES.
STIPA. FEATHER-GRASS.
1 pennata'I'
AVENA.
1 I’atua
2 strigosa....
3 pubescens..
pratensis...
planiculmis
4.1
4i;
H flavescens
LAGURCS. HAREM'S TAIL GRASS.
downy
OAT-GRASS,
wild haver
bristle-pointed ...
downy
narrow leaved..
Hat strawed
vellow
I ovatu.s
ARUNDO.
1 Phra^inites..
2 epigejos
3 Calaniagrostis...
47
stricta.
LOLIUM.
perenne
tenmlentnm..
■in
ROTBOLLIA.
1 ineurvata
ELYMUS.
I arenarins...
oval spiked...
REED.
common .
wood ....
small
smallest close..
DARNEL.
perennial .
bearded. . .
white .
HARD-GRASS,
sea
LYME-GRASS.
upright sea
/
ti
7
7
A.
C w
13.)t>.
2221.
12tlti.
Hi40.
1204.
2141.
<152.
1334.
401.
403.
2iri9.
2100.
.520.
315.
1124.
1125.
700.
1072.
( 11 )
CLASS in. TlilANOHIA. ORDER II. DIGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
43. STIPA.
1 Awns woolly.
44. AVENA.
1 Panicled : cal. about 3-flow : flor. all awned, hairy at the base,
nerveless.
2 Pan. oblono, l-rowed : cal. 2-flow: flor. tipped with 2 bristles.
3 Pan. ffenerally simple, erect : cal. about 3-How : recept. bearded : L.
flat, downy.
j 4 Spike erect : cal. about .'i-flow : recept. hairy : L. involute, serrulated,
I naked ; sheaths smooth.
5 Pan. erect : cal. about 6-flow : L. serrulated, naked ; sheaths rough :
culm compressed.
6 Pan. much branched, lax : cal. about 3-flow, unecpial : recept. hairy :
L. flat, somewhat pubescent.
45. LAG UR US.
1 Spike ovate.
4r). ARUXDO.
1 Cal. 5-flow : panicle lax.
2 Cal. 1-flow, longer than the cor: pan. erect : FI. imbricated, crowded,
l-rowed: L. lanceolate.
3 Cal. 1-flow, longer than the cor: pan. erect, diffuse: El. scattered,
I erect : L. linear.
j 4 Cal. 1-flow, pointed, equal with the cor: pan. erect, close: down
shorter than the cor.
; 5 Cal. 1 -flow, longer than the cor : pan. spiked : FI. erect, awnless: L.
j involute, pungent.
I 47. LOLIUM.
\ 1 Spike awnless : snikel. longer than the calyx : flor. lanceolate.
I 2 Spike awned : spikel. shorter than the calyx : flor. elliptical : culm rough
j on the upper part.
; 3 Spike scarcely awned : spikel. the length of the calyx : El. elliptical :
culm very smooth.
48. ROTBOLLIA.
1 Spike cylind. subulate : cal. glume subulate, appressed, bipartite.
49. ELYMUS.
1 Spike erect, close : cal. lanceolate, the length of the spicula; : L. with
a spinous point.
( 12 )
CLASS III. TUIANORTA.
ORDER II.
DIGYNIA.
bi/
—
l.INVEAN NAMES.
ENGI.ISII XAMES.
Soil
or
ituaiioi
Colour
of the
Mower.
5
3
Ilf
FI.YMITS.
LYMI'-GR.ASS.
rr.
-
z.
2 ffenioiilatiis
poiuliilous
Sea. si)..
7
p.
1581!.
fi
1817.
HOHDF.UM.
BARLEY.
Rub
*:-a
A.
lil/l.
p
4(1!).
A.
1205.
TRITICUM.
WHEAT GRASS
1 juncciim
sea rushy
Sea sb. ..
7
P.
814.
Rub
t)-!l
P.
!10!).
P.
1872
P.
22112.
A.
221.
ORDER III.
PRIGYN
lA.
MONTIA.
BLINKS.
4,5
A.
1208.
IIOLdSTElJM.
■lAGGED-CHICI
:WEED.
1 iiniliellatiim
iimbelliferoHs
Old « ...
white ...
4
A.
to
POLYCAR PON.
ALL-SEED.
tetraphylliim
four-leaved
San. pla.
white ...
5-8
A.
1031.
( lL> ^
ri.ASS MI. TiUAXDRIA. OHOKR II. DIGYNIA.
SrECIl'TC CHAllACTEn.
Kl.YMUS.
2 Spike bent downwards, lav : cal. setaceous, spreading, longer than the
spikel ; 1.. witii a sjiinons point,
il Spike erect: spikel. 2-Hov\. awned : invol. without streaks.
fiO. HORnKUM.
1 Fli'r. Iat<>i“al male, awned : intermediate calyx glumes lanceolate,
Cringed.
2 Flor. lateral male, with shorter awns : cal. glumes all .setaceous, rough,
d Flor. lateral male, with shorter awns ; their inner calyx glume semi-
ovate.
51. TRITICUM.
1 Cal. blunt, 5-tlow : L. involute, witb a spinous point.
2 Cal. awl-shaped, many-nerved, 5-tlow: Hor. sharp-pointed: L. flat:
root creeping.
d Cal. pointed, alxmt 5-nerved, 4-flovv : Hor. awned : I,, flat : root fibrous.
4 Cal. ellipti(al, awned, keeled: flor. awned: spikel. 2-rowed, close:
culm simple.
5 Cal. obtuse, many-flow : spike simple, 1-rowed: flor. awnless : culm
branched.
ORDER III. TRIGYNIA.
52. MONTI A.
1 Much branched, smooth: L. opposite, spatulate, entire.
r>3. HOLOSTEUM.
1 F'l. in umbels : stam. various in number.
54. POLYCAR PON.
1 Much branched : L. opposite, often in double pairs.
CLASS IV.
TETRANDRIA.
ORDER 1. MONOGYNIA.
* FI. l-pet. ] -seeded, superior.
bit DiPSACrs. Cal. roinmon niany-lpavefl ; proper superior, 1-leavetl.
Secd-rroien rup-slia|)ed.
5(i ScAflloSA. Cal. common mmxy-lnwed ; proper dtmhle, superior.
ti4 SaxciI’Isorua. Cal. l-How. iuf'erior. Cor. superior.
** FI. \-pet. 2-seeded, superior.
(id Rl BIA. Cor. cauipanulate. Fruit berry-like,
ail (iAi.luM. Cor. flat. Fruit dry.
.if! .VspERUl.A. Cor. tubular. Fruit awnless.
57 SllERARUIA. Cor. tubular. crowned. Yeerf 3-toothed.
*•* FI. \-pet. nmny-seeded, inferior.
(il ExacI’M. Cor. salver-shaped. Co/w. ’i-celled, opening at the apex.
(12 Pl.AXTAtiO. (’or. refracted. Co/rv. 2-celled, cut round. .Stn/n. very long.
(i3 Cextuncelus. Cor. tubular. Caps. 1-celled, cut round. Siam.
inclosed.
Gentiana (J.
***• FI. A-pet ailed.
05 EpijiEDUJM. \ect. 4, incundient on the petals, sack-like. Pod
many-seeded, supeiior, 1-celled. Cal. caducous.
00 CoRXUS. AYct. (I. Drupe an inferior 2-celled nut.
Cardamine 3. Coronopus 2.
..... ap-talous.
07 PaRIETaRIa. Cal. 4-clefl. Seed covered with the elongated calyx.
Stain, elastic. FI. some female, whose calyTi
remains unchanged.
03 Aechemilla. Cal. 8-cleft. Seed naked.
ORDER 11. DIGYXIA.
09 BrFFON’iA. Cor. 4-pet. Caps. 2-valved, 2-seeded.
Gentiana 0. Cascuta.
ORDER III. TETRAGYNIA.
70 Ilex. Cor. 1-pet. wheel-shaped. ISerri/ 4-seeded. Stj/le. 0. FI.
some male.
73 .Sagina. Fet. 4. Caps. 1-cclled. Cal. 4-leaved.
/5 RaUIOI.a. Fet. 4. Caps. 8-celled, 8-valved. Cal. many-cleft.
74 TlLL.rEA. Fet. 3-5. Caps, many, manv-seeded.
71 Pota-MOGeton. Fet. a. Cal.d. AVW 4, naked, sessile.
72 Ruppia. Fet. d. Cal.d. Seed A, pedicelled.
Cerustium 4.
( 1.-3 )
CLASS IV. TKTHANDRIA.
ORDl
:R I. MONOGYMA.
LINNEAN NAMES.
ENGEISH NAMES.
Soil
or
iiluulion.
s i V
"c-** 0
u c-i;
^ OL
. ^
duration.
ac= 2
s
DirSACUS.
TEASEL.
Hedges.
Moi. hud.
|mrple...
purple...
white ...
B.
2080.
B.
1032.
Moi. pla.
8
P.
077.
SCABIOSA.
SCABIOUS.
Past. ...
viol
8-10
P.
878.
(i.'iO.
l)urule...
P.
coliiniharia
Dry |>as.
purple...
•i.7
P.
Fill.
SIIKUAHDIA. FIF.I.D MADDER.
Corn li. .
hlue
a-Ii
A.
8!tL
ASPERFLA.
WOODRUFF.
Woods*. •
white ...
0
P.
75t5.
2 cjnaiichica
small
dial. hil.
Hesh
t;
P.
GALIUM.
BED-STRAW.
Bushy pi.
Moi.mea.
vul
5
P.
143.
2 palustre
white-water
white ...
7
P.
18.-, 7.
3 Witheriiigii
Roimli Heath ...
Heaths..
white ...
7
P.
2200.
white ...
7,11
P.
015.
0 uli^iiiosum
rimj;h marsh
.Marslies.
white ...
8
P.
1072.
ii|)right marsh ...
warty-lruited
•Moi.pas.
(iorn h.
white ...
d,7
P.
20ii7.
7 veiTiicosuni
tl-8
A.
2173.
Coni li.
cream...
.\.
1041.
Corn fi !
jrruen ...
•i.7
A.
1871.
7,0
P.
74.
Bushy pi.
vel
7,0
P.
000.
( l.T )
CLASS IV. TETIIANDIUA. ORDER I. MONOGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
55. DIPSACUS.
1 Ij. connate, serrated : chafl' recurved : invol. reflexod.
2 L. opposite, serrated : cliati' straight : invol. indexed, longer than the
head.
3 L. petioled, appendiculate : invol. detlexed, eipial to the head.
of!. SCABIOSA.
1 Cor. 4-<det't erpial : L. stein toothed : El. almost globular.
2 Cor. J-eleft radiating : L. pinnatifid, incised: stem rough.
3 Cor. 5-clert radiating: L. radical ovate or lyrate, crenate: stem leaves
pinnatilid : segm. linear.
57. SHERARDIA.
1 L. all whorled : FI. terminal.
.58. ASPERUI.A.
1 L. eight together, lanceolate : FI. in tufts, peduncled : fruit bristly.
2 L. linear, tour together; upper very unequal: b'l. all 4-clett: fruit
smooth.
5!). GALIU.M.
* Fruit smooth.
1 L. in fours, ovate, hairy : stem simple above, hairy : pedunc. lateral,
2-leaved.
2 L. in fours, obovate, unequal, obtuse : stems diffuse, branched above.
3 L. in fives, refiexed, lanceolate, awned, ciliate : stem rather upright,
simple, rough.
4 L. in sixes obovate, obtuse, mncroiiate : stem much branched, pros-
trate, smooth : fruit granulated.
5 L. in sixes, lanceolate, serrato-aculeate backwards, mucronate, stiff:
cor. larger than the fruit.
ti L. about 8-together, lanceolate, aculeato-serrulated forward, mucronate :
pan. trichotoinoiis : stem smoothish, flaccid.
7 L. in sixes, lanceolate, with marginal prickles pointing forw'ard :
pedunc. axillary 3-tlow : fruit warty, drooping.
8 L. about 8-together, lanceolate; margin and stem aculeate backwards :
pedunc. axillary, 3-flow': fruit granulated, nodding.
9 L. about 8-together; margin and .stem prickled backward: pedunc.
axillary, cymose: fruit smooth, erect.
10 L. 8-togcther, linear-lanceolate, mucronate, very entire, subpubes-
cent : ])edunc. dichot : fruit very smooth.
11 L. 8-together, linear, furrowed, very entire, rough: FI. panicled,
1 heaped. ’
1
C 14 )
CLASS IVL TKTHANDRIA. ORDER I. MONOGYXIA.
ZL
LINXEAN XAMES.
EXGMSH XAMES.
Soil
or
nation
olour
f the
ower.
U. —
-r^ ^
X
-X
GALIUM.
RED-STRAW.
12 Mollugo
g^reat liedge
Hedges
wliite ...
7,»
P.
1878.
A.
884.
r*.
1.) Aparinp
goose-grass
Hedges
while ...
.1-8
A.
818.
RUniA.
MADDER.
Rushy ])l.
p.
8ol.
RXACUM.
GEXTIAXELLA
San. mar.
A.
285.
I’LANTAGO.
PLAXTAIX.
1 major
greater
Mea. pas.
f)-!!
1’.
1 558.
lioarv
0-8
p.
155!).
ribwort
p.
oQI.
8
5 Coronojms
buck’s-horn
Soa sh.
0-fi
.V.
8!)2.
CKXTUXCULUS.
CHAEE-WEED.
small
Hesh ...
A.
581.
SAXGUISORBA.
RURXET.
1 ollic'iiialis
.Mem pas.
purple...
8
P.
1812.
EPI MEDIUM.
RARRENWORT
M. thick ;
blood ...
f.
P.
438.
CORXUS.
CORNEl,.
1 sanjjuiiu'a
uiKI
Woods
white ...
8
s.
24!).
2 Suecii'ii
dwarf.
Sc. alps.
purple...
tL7
p.
810.
( u )
CLASS IV. TF.TKANnillA. OllDKH 1. MONOGYM.V.
SPECIFIC CHAKACTEH.
GALIUM.
12 L. S-togetlier, elliptical, rather obtuse, mucronate, marf^iii rough : FI.
pauicled, divaricate.
13 L. ahcuit fi-together, lanceolate, nuicronate, margin and stem rough :
pedunc. hilid : fruit granulated.
** I'ruit hispid.
14 L. in fours, lanceolate, .3-nerved, smooth : stem erect.
la L. Il-together, lanceolate, keeled, rough: prickles pointing backwards :
stem Haccid.
110. RUBIA.
1 L. generally in tours, elliptical, shining and smooth on their upper
surface : FI. a-cleft.
fil. EXACUM.
1 L. sessile: stem filiform dichot : pedunc. elongated.
02. PLAXTAGO.
1 L. ovate, smoothish, shorter than the petiole : scape cylind : spike
w'ith imbricated How : seeds numerous.
2 L. ovate, pubescent, longer than the petioles : scape cylind : spike
cylind : seeds solitary.
3 L. lanceolate, acute at each end : spike ovate, naked: scape angular.
4 L. linear, mostly entire, channelled, woolly at the base : spike cylind :
scajje cylind.
5 L. linear, pinnato-dentate : scape cylind.
03. CEXTUXCULUS.
1 1 .. ovate : FI. axillary.
04. SAXGUISORBA.
1 Spikes ovate.
Oa. EPI MEDIUM.
1 L. twice or thrice compound.
00. rORXUS.
1 Branches erect : L. ovate, green on both sides : cymes naked. Hat.
- Herbaceous: branches in pairs: umb. axillary, peduncled, involucred :
nerves of the leaves almost all separate.
( 1.5 )
CLASS IV. TE
TRANDRIA.
ORDER 1. MOXOGYXIA.
5
fc.
0 =
=
LINXEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
- t
.= 1
X
-
■=
PARIETARIA.
PELLITORY O
F THE
WALL.
1
Walls...
green ...
0 0
p.
870.
ALCHE.MILl.A.
LAniES’ .MA>
sTLE.
1
ifreen ...
P.
d07.
2
alpina
alpine
Rocks...
green ...
7
P.
244.
3
.i-8
A.
UHL
ORDER II.
OIGYNIA.
BUFFONIA.
BUFFOXIA.
1
tenuif'olia-|-
slender
Sea coa.
white ...|
(i
A.
1313.
ORDER III. TETRAGYNLV
ILEX.
HOLLY.
1
Aquil'oliuni
common
Hedges
wliite ...
0
'r.
408.
POTAIMOGF.TON.
POND-WEED.
1
Riv. ...
green ...
7
p.
1822.
2
Iieteri)phylliii»
various-leaved ...
Dit
green ...
7-0
p.
1285.
3
peifoliaUmi
perfoliate
Riv. ...
purple...
7,8
p.
188.
4
(tensuin
ilose-leaved
Dit
green ...
d
p.
307.
5
Dit
recidisii
8,0
p.
1288.
Dit
<■',7
p.
378.
7
lanceolatiim ...
lanceolate
Wei. lake
olive ...
8
p.
108.-I.
\\
Rival....
reddisli
0,7
p.
1012.
!t
CDiupressiim ...
Hat-.stalked
Rivul....
green ...
ti,7
p.
418.
10
^ranuneinn
grassy
Dit
green ...
7
P.
22o3.
11
piisilliim
small
Dit
gi'eeii ...
7
p.
215.
12
pectinatum
fennel-leaved
Dit
olive ...
7
p.
323.
( 15 )
CLASS IV. TF.TTIAXDRIA. ORDKR I. MONOGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CIIAUACTER.
l!7. PARIETARLX.
1 L. lanoei)latp-<nate, 1 -iipivod tVom the base: se^^ai. of the invol. ovate:
stem ratlier in)riy;ht.
(58. ALCHEMILLA.
1 L. lohed. plaited.
2 I,, dictate, serrated, silky beneath.
3 L. Hat, trilolmte, incised.
ORDER II. DIGYNIA.
6!I. BUFFONIA.
I L. opposite, awl-shaped.
ORDER III. TETRAGYNIA.
70. ILEX.
I L. ovate, acute, spinous.
71. POTA.AIOGETON.
1 L. upper oblonjr-ovate, petioled, Hoatiiijj.
2 L. inferior nieinbran. lineai-lanceolate, sessile: Hoating ones elliptical,
petioled : pedunc. clavated.
o L. cordate, embracing the stem, all immersed.
4 L. ovate, acuminate, opposite, crowded: stem dichot : spike 4-flow.
5 L. inferior lanceolate, acute, membran : upper ones elliptic-lanceolate,
somewhat coriaceous.
0 L. ovate-lanceolate, flat, attenuated into jietioles : spike many-flow.
compact.
7 L. lanceolate, membranous, entire, tapering at the base : spike ovate,
dense, few flow.
8 L. lanceolate, alternate, undulated, serrated.
9 L. linear, obtuse: stem compressed.
10 L. linear-lanceolate, alternate, sessile, broader than the stipu la; : stem
cyliiid : primordial ones dichotomous.
11 L. linear, opposite and alternate, much narrower than the stipula,
spreading from the base : stem cylind : pedunc. axillary.
12 L. setaceous, parallel, approximate, 2-rowed, sheathing at the base.
( 16 )
Cl.ASS IV. TETRAXDRIA. ORIIER III. TKTRAGYNIA.
73
74
/i)
^ ti
c
- ^ ir
C .5
c
I.TNNEAX XAJIES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
‘f 0
>
^ t
s
X
RUPPIA
RUPP I
1
S.W..Iit.
p.
SAG I \ A.
PKARL-WORT.
1
pmcunihons ...
procumbent
Rub. ...
wbito ...
i-.-8
p.
2
maritiina
.sea
5-8
A.
3
apetala
annual small Him.
Rub. ...
white ...
5,6
A.
4
erecta
uprij^bt
Gray. pa.
wliite ...
a
A.
TILL.EA.
TILL.EA.
1
imisco.sa
mossy
San. bea.
pellu. ...
5,6
A.
RADIOLA.
FLAX-SKKn.
1
niille^rana
all-seed
San. pi.
wliite ...
7,8
A.
D/. ~ ^
= 3S
136.
}’,»0.
21!(o.
8)il.
6(1!).
116.
R!I3.
( 1(3 )
CLASS IV. TKTRANnHIA. OHDKH III. TKTRAGYMA.
SPECIFIC CUAKACTER.
72. RUPPIA.
1 L. setaceous, immerseil.
7:L SAGIXA.
1 Stems procumlient, smooth : petals very short.
2 Stems almost erect, divaricated, smooth : L. obtuse, without bristles :
petals obsolete.
.‘I Stems almost upriirht, pulH'scent : petals indistinct: L. bristlj'.
4 Stem erect, mostly' 1-How : cal. leaflets acute : petals entire.
74. TILL.EA.
1 Stems procumbent : FI. sessile, mostly 3-cleft.
7o. RADIOLA.
1 Stem dichotomous : L. ovate.
CLASS V.
I> E N T A \ D R I A.
OliDRR I. MOXOGYNIA.
* FI. \-pet. inferior, 4-seedtd. (Roiij^li leaved.)
85 Echium. Ojc. throat naked, inej^ular. 2-parted.
80 Pt’LMOKARlA. Cor. throat naked, t'nnnel-.shaped. Caf. prismatic.
77 LlTHOSt'ER.'Mir.vi. Cor. throat naked, funnel-sliaped. Cal. 5-parted.
81 Symphytihi. Cor. throat toothed, ventricose.
82 BohaGO. Cor. tliroat-toothed, wheel-shaped.
84 Lycopsis. Cor. throat arched, tunnel-shaped, tube curved.
83 ASPEIIUGO. Cor. throat arched, f'unnel-.shaped. Cat. of the fruit
compressed, lamella- sinuatt-d.
79 CYXOGLOSSfM. Cor. throat arched, funnel-sha|)ed. Seed depressed,
fixed laterally.
78 Anchusa. Cor. throat arched, funnel-sliai)ed, prismatic at the base.
Seed hollowed out at the base.
70 jMyosOTIS. Cor. throat arched, salver-shaped: lobes slightly emar-
ginate.
** FI. l-pet. inferior, seeds capsular.
91 AnagaLLIS. Caps. 1-celled, cut round. Cor. wheel-shaped. Sram.
hairy.
90 Lysimachia. Caps. 1-celled, 10-valvp<l, glohose. Cor. wheel-shaped.
87 Cyclamen. Caps. 1-celled, pulpy within. Cor. wheel-.shaped, re-
flexed. Stig. acute.
88 Primula. Caps. 1-celled, mouth 10-cleft. Cor. throat pervious,
tube cylind. Stig. globose.
89 HotTOVIA. Caps. 1-celled. Cor. salver-shaped. Slam, standing
on the throat. Stig. globose. Cat. 5-parted.
88 Menyantiies. Caps. 1-celled. Cor. hairy. Stig. 2-cleft.
102 Datura. Caps. 2-eelled, 4-valved. Cor. funnel-shaped. Cal.
deciduous.
103 HYOSCYamus. Caps. 2-celled, covered with a lid. Cor. funnel-
shaped. Stig. capitate.
101 VeRBASCUM. Caps. 2-celled. Cor. wheel-shaped, irregular. Stig.
simple. Siam, declining, bearded.
108 ChiRONIA. Caps. 2-celled. Cor. salver-shaped. Aiitli. becoming
spiral. Style, declining.
93 Convolvulus. Caps. 2 or 3-celled. Seed 2. Cor. bell-shaped,
plaited. Stig. 2.
94 POLEMONIUM. Caps. 3-celled. Cor. 5-parted. Siam, standing on
the valves.
92 Azalea. Caps. 5-celled. Cor. bell-shaped. Stain, inserted into
the receptacle. .Stig. obtuse.
118 Vinca. Follicles 2, erect. Cor. salver-shaped, twisted. Am/ naked.
105 SOLANUM. //err^ 2-celled. Cor. wheel-shaped, .laf A. with 2 pores.
104 Atropa. Herry 2-celled. Cor. bell-shaped. .Stain, distant, inc^ved.
Cl. ASS V. I’KXTANDUIA. OUnKR 1. MONOGYNIA.
•** Ft. .superior.
1(1/ Sa.>[OI.I'S. l-cpllod, 5-valvc(l at till' apox. Cor. salver-shaped,
.')-i'left, with intermediate scales.
!I7 jASIOyE. Fapn. imperfectlv ‘2-ielled, openiiiff at the apex. Cor.
w heel-sliaped, .i-parted. ^tig. club-shaped.
Anth. united at the base.
!tli PuYTF.fViA. Cops. 2 or .‘l-celled, peiHirated. Cor. wheel-shaped,
5-parted. Sti". 2 or d-cleft.
!li! I.OBEI-IA. 2 or ;{-celled. Cor. irrei;ul.ar, slit. .S'r/»-. simple.
!li> Ca .'irANi'l.A. Caps. 3 or .'i-celled, pert’urated. Cor. bell-shaped.
■Srip;. H-cle(t.
108 Lonmcj-.EA. Bern/ 2-celled, inanv-seeded. Cor. irrejjnlar.
I{uhiii 1.
»•»« p/ r-pct. inferior.
10!l RhamnI'S. /Jerry 8-celled. Co/, pitcher-shaped, bearinfr the corolla.
110 EtiONYMlTS. Cops, .i-cc lied. Xrci/ in a pulpv coveriiijr. Co/. Hat.
90 iMPATlEys. Caps, h-celled, elastic. Cat. 2-leaved. Cor. irrep'ular.
100 ^’lOLA. Cups. 1-celled, 3-valved. Cal. 5-leaved. Cor. irregular,
spurred behind.
***** FI. it-pet. superior.
111 Ribes. ./Jerry many-seeded. Co/, bearing the corolla. .S'Cy/e 2-cleft.
112 Hedera. iJ t i/y 5-secded, surronnded by the calyx. .SVy/e simjde.
Pet. broad at the base.
, ^ «».»«» pp incomplete.
I 114 Gi.avx. Cups, .o-seeded, superior. Cut. coloured, 1-leaved.
113 ll.T.ECEr.KUM. Cups. 1 -seeded, superior. Cut. 5-leaved, cartilaginous.
115 Thesii’M. Seed 1, corticated, inlerior. Co/, staniiniterous.
Puljponum 1.
IIRDER 11. DIGYXIA.
* FI. \-pet. inferior.
123 .SwERTlA. Cups. 1-ccllcd. Cor. wheel-shaped, with nectariferous
pores at the iKise ‘>1' each segment.
124 Gentiana. Caps. 1-celled. Cor. tubular at the base, destitute of
nectaiilerous pores.
122 CitscuTA. Cups. 2-i elled. Cor. Ixdl-sbapeil.
•* FI. ,^1-pet. inferior.
Sluptii/leu I.
*■* FI. iueompleu-.
120 SAI.sof..\. Seed 1, coebleale, covered.
118 ('IIEXOI’ODU'M. Seed 1, lenticular superior.
119 Beta. Seed I, renifonn, iiuinersed in a Hesbv calvx.
117 Hetiniaria. Caps. 1-seeded, coilicated. Filum. .). barren.
121 Ui.Mt’.s. Cups, l-seeded, ineinbranons, compressed.
t
CLASS VL PKNTANnRIA. ORDER II. DIGYMA.
pi_ supi rior, 2-secded. Uiiil)clliferi)us.
A. Iiirulurres universal and partial.
12."> I'.KYxr.nM. /■'/. caintatu. Re re pt. chaffy. AtW bristly.
I2t> I! YDliOC'OTYLE. Umbel fihiip\e. .Vccrf compressert. /Yb entiro.
127 S.\NiCt’LA. UmbeLs .somewhat capitate: Florets of the disk abor-
tive. Seed with b<«)ked-prickles.
Idl) Heiiacleyji. /'’/.radiate. /Y/. notched, with point indexed. In-
val. rlecidiums. Seed membranous, compressed.
144 Oi:nanthe. /’/.radiate: those of the disk barren. A'ccr/ crow ned
sessile, with a corky bark.
I2!l Eciiinoi’HORA. /’/. mart;inaJ radiate, abortive : central ones female.
Seed immersed in the involucel.
Idl Cai'CALIS. FI. radiate, some abortive. Invol. simple. Seed bristly.
i;{2 Dai c us. FI. radiate, some abortive. Invol. pinnate. Seed bristly.
LUl Tokdylium. /■'/. radiate, fertile, /neo/. simple. .S'etf/ crenate at
the marjcin.
145 CoitlANDRl'M. FI. radiate, centre ones barren. Involucel goinjr
but half way round. Fruit spherical.
IdJ Pei'cedaNUM. FI. of the disk abortive. Invol. simple. Seed
compressed, winc;ed, striated.
134 CoNll iM. FI. of the disk fertile. Pet. cordate. Seed gibbous,
ribbed and furrowed. Involucels goinu- but ba If
way round.
133 Ben lUM. /’Z. ofthe disk fertile. /*??. cordate. /nfo/«cc/ setaceous.
131) Athamanta. /■’/. of the disk fertile. /Ar. cordate. Seed convex,
striated.
128 Bupleitri'XI. FI. of the disk feilile. Pet. involute. Seed com-
pressed, striated.
142 SlEJI. FI. of the ilisk fertile. Pet. cordate. Seed almost ovate,
striated.
135 Selinum. /^/. of the disk fertile. /Vl. cordate. .Veer/ compressed,
striated in the middle.
138 Crttujium. FI. of the disk fertile. Pet. broad at the base. In-
vol. horizontal. Cal. entire.
14(1 Lir.USTicuM. FI. of the disk fertile. Pet. involute. Invol. mem-
branous. f’n/. 5-toothed, small.
141 Anoelica. /’/. of the disk fertile. Pet. incurved. Umbellets glo-
bose. Seed hemispherical, 3-w inged.
143 SisoN. FI. of the disk fertile. Pet. inflexed. Umbel of few rays.
Seed ovate, striated.
B. Invol. partial ; universal none,
148 Aetiu’sa. FI. somewhat radiate, fertile. Involucel going half
wav round.
150 t'll/EROl'UYM.irxi. Fl. somewhat radiate, central abortive. Invo-
lucels redexed, concave, 5-leaved.
140 St'ANDIX. Fl. radiate, central al)ortive. Fruit awl-shaped.
141) PilELl.ANDRtU Jl. /’’/. of the disk fertile, /’rir/f crow ned.
CLASS V. PKXTAXDIUA. OHDF.lt II. DIGYNIA.
lol I.MPKRATOltlA. FI. of ilic disk Certile. Umhtl expaiidinj^ Hat.
Fruit coiiipre.sst'd, iiiarginate
147 ClCl TA. FI. of the disk fertile. Fruit nearly ovale, fiirrovred.
liuiiliurum 1. Caucali.s 4. An^elicn2. Sium 3. (kuuntht 1, 3.
C. Jni'ftl, noni- : srtircib/ uiiiL'emtd ; never partial.
l.‘>7 -Al’irJI. lne()l. 1-leaved. Ft. of the disk fertile. Fruit ribhed.
Fet. indexed.
lo(> I’l :«P1NK1.I.A. /'V. of the disk fertile. /’n^V striated. AVIg-. nearly
fflohniar.
laH AEGOI’Onu'.'t. /-V. of the disk fertile. /Vnlt ovate, striated.
simple.
l.)4 AyETHtiJl. FL of the disk fertile. Fruit somewhat compressed:
3-ribl)ed on Inith sides.
1.V2 r.vSTiNACA. FI. all fertile. Fruit compressed, Hat.
l.)3 S^lYRXU'.M. /■/. many abortive. Am/ renifonn, angular.
1.J.5 C-ARfJl. /■’/. outer abortive. Xcerf jrihbons, striated.
OKDKR III. TRIGYXIA.
• FL superior.
l.'df ViRtTRN'Ujt. Cor. 3-(left. Bern/ l-seeded.
Ififl S.VJIBI CES. for. 5-cleft. Berry 3-seeded.
•* FI. inferior.
Idl Staph vi.E.v. Cor. 5-pet. Caps, inflated, 2 or 3 joined together.
11)2 TamaRIX. Cor. 5-pet. C'aps. 3-valved. Seed feathery.
1113 CoRRlGloi.A. Cor. 5-pet. Seed 1, triangular.
Stellaria 2.
ORDER IV. TETRAGYXIA.
1114 P.ARXASSIA. \ect. fringed with bri.stles terminated by globules.
Caps. 4-valved.
ORDER VL PENTAGYNIA.
Ififi Lixuvi. Pet. 5. Caps. lO-celled.
lf)7 SillHAI.DlA. Pet. 5. Seeds 5, naked. Cal. 10-cleft.
1115 Statice. Pet. a. AVer/ 1, covered by the funnel-shaped calyx.
Cerastium 3. Spergula.
ORDER VI. HEXAGYNIA.
Ifif! DrosERa. Pet. 5. Caps. 3-valved, many-seeded.
ORDER VII. POLYGYXIA.
IfiO Mvosurus. Pet. 5, with nectariferous tid)idar claws. Xecr/ naked.
Cal. of 5 leaves, each spurred at the ba.se.
Banunculus 13.
( 17 )
CLASS V. PENTANnRIA.
ORDER I. MONOGYNLA.
- ti;
1 -
t
1 -
1, i>-.
LIKXKAX NAMES.
ENGT.ISH NAMES.
Soil
or
.iiati
o “
<U
r -
iC S.
7f!
\tYris;( ITIS sr( PKlV-f;!! a Sis
field
Dryfi....
f;
A.
■2/»ao.
2 versicolor
yc'llow and blue...
San. pi.
t)
A.
•4110.
Wat. pi.
7 «
lll/H.
Alp. rock
P.
2;)d!(.
77
HTHOSPKHMUAI
GROMWEI.I,.
Chal. bill
|>.
1H4.
-
A
L.’H.
a purpurD-fceru-
purple
Clial.so.!
purple...
5
P.
117. 1
leu in
1
7a
ANCHUSA.
AT.KANLT.
E 7
E.
HII2.
2 sempervirens ...
ever^Teen
Rub !....
Idue
p.
4.i.
7!t
CYNOGl.OSSUM.
IlOUNOS-TONGUK.
Rub
i;
B.
!I21.
2 sylvalu'uin
given-leaved
Slia. la.
Iilue
ti
B.
Ili42.
8(j
PUI.AIONARIA.
LUNG-WORT.
P.
Mil.
2 arigustilolia
narrow -leaved
Woods!
blue
5
P.
l(i2H.
H maritiiiia
sea
Sea sli.
blue
7
P.
atilt.
HI
SYMPHYTUM.
COMKREY.
Wet pi.
.Yli
P.
H17.
2 tuberosum
t u berous-rooted . . .
Moi. s. p.
yH
7
P.
1 a02.
H2
BOR.AGO.
BORAGE.
1 officinalis tj
common
Rub
blue
tij
B.
:iii.
HH
ASPF.RUGO.
MAOWORT.
1 procumbens ....
german
Rub.! ...
blue
'b7
A.
tllll.
( 17 )
( LASS V. rKNTANDUlA. Olini'.K [. AJONOGYXI A.
srECiric chahacter.
71:. MVOSOTIS.
1 Racemes without l>nicteas, lower stalks axillary, remote: cal. with
spreading incmred hri'-tles.
2 Uaceiaes without hrarteas, on long naked pedimc: cal. with spreading
incurved hrislles. A./. .Sror/iiii/flcs. Ens;. lint.
d Hacenies without hiacteas: cai. I'nnnel-shapecl. with straight and close-
pre.M'd hairs.
4 Racemes without hracteas: I,, radical on footstalks: cal. 5-cleft with
long spreading hairs.
77. I.ITHOSI’KRMUM.
1 Soeds smooth: cor. scarcely exceeding the calvx : L. huiceolate, rather
acute, veined.
2 Seeds rugose: cor. scarcely exceeding the calyx: L. ohtuse, vcinless.
3 Seeds smooth: cor. greatly exceeding the length of the calyx: L. lan-
ceolate, acute, veinless.
7!1. ANCHUSA.
1 Spikes imbricated, l-rowed, hiacteas ovate : I., lanceolate.
2 I’ednnc. axillary, 2-leaved, capitate : L. ovate.
7!t. f'YXO(;LOSSUAl.
1 Stain, shorter than the cor: L. hroad-lanceolate, downy, sessile.
2 Stam. sliorter than the cor : L. spatnhito-lauceoiate, shining, partly nak-
ed, rough beneath.
HO. PrL.MOXARIA.
1 Cal. nearly the length of the tube: L. ovate, rough.
2 Cal. nearly the length of the tube: L. all lanceohite, rouuh.
3 Cal. short: L. ovate, glaucous: stem branched, procumbent.
HI. SY.MPHYTC.M.
1 L. ovate-lanceolate, decurrent.
2 L. ovate, slightly decurrent ; hi(;hest opposite.
H2. BORAGO.
1 L. all alternate: calyx s|)reading.
H3. ASPKRUGO.
1 Calyx of the fruit Hattened.
( 18 )
n.ASS J’KXTAN[)KIA. OUDEH I. AIOXOGYNIA.
^ ■
_
8C
.
^ c
3 'r
> -- ^
MVNEAN’ XAMKS.
EXGT.ISII NAMES.
1 ° 2
— W i
2
s “
ac s:
=
iuy;i
(ij
A-
!)3fi.
FX'HIUM.
VAPEU’S-BUGI,
OSS.
7
It.
2(liil.
B.
liiJ.
PUJMUI.A.
I’UIMHOSK.
vol
4
P.
4.
Woods '
4
P.
513.
Moa.pits.
P.
'i,7
P.
fi.
CYCLAMEN.
SOW-BRE.An.
1 hederiloliiim §
iv\-l<‘aved
Woods !
white ...
Iff
I>.
*5411.
MENYANTIIKS.
BPCKBEAN.
wliite ...
P.
4!l.'>.
2 nyniphiciiides ...
tViii^ed
Bivei's...
>■‘■1
!!
P.
217.
HOTTONI.A.
WATI'.U-VIOLE
r.
1 paliistris
niai'sli
Oitclies
flesh
fi.7
P.
31)4.
LYSIM.VCHLV.
I.OOSI'.STIUFE.
1 vid^aris
Vidliiw
Wat. sli.
vel
7
P.
7fil.
2 (llvr^ill^lra
Boj,^g'_vpl!
7
P.
17fi.
vel
P.
527.
4 Nimiimdaria ....
moneywort
.Moi.mca.
yel
*s7
P.
5211.
ANA(;.\LL1S.
PlMi'EBNEL.
(’orn fi.
A.
52(t.
2 caTidca
Idae
Corn fi !
Idue
fij
A.
11123.
Boggy 1)1.
7,Jt
P.
530.
( IS }
^ ^ ,
CLASS V'. PEXTAXnRIA. ORDER I. MOxVOGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CIIARACTEU.
84. LYCOPSIS.
i L. lanceolate, bristly : cal. erect when Howerlng.
8,5. ECHIUM.
1 Stem erect, htiiry: spikes lateral, very haii’y, spreadinj|^ upward : cor.
nearly equal : stam. very long-.
2 Stem tubercled, bristly; L. stem lanceolate, bispid; spikes lateral,
hairy, deHexed.
88. PRIMULA.
1 L. dentated, wrinkled : scape 1-flow: limbus of the cor. flat.
2 L. dentated, wrinkled, contracted towards the middle: sca[)e many-How:
limbus of the cor. flat.
3 L. dentated, wrinkled, contracted towards the middle : scape many-flow':
limbus of the cor. concave.
4 L. crenate, smooth, jHrwdery beneath: limbus of the cor. flat.
87. CYC LA. MEN.
1 Cor. relroflexed : I.. cordate, angular, denticulate, nerves and foot-stalks
rough. C. t-uiopifum, ling. liot.
88. MENYANTHES.
1 L. ternate: cor. very plumose on the upjier surface.
2 L. cordate, waved: corolla ciliated.
8!). HDTTONIA.
1 Stem many-flow : peduncles in whorls.
'JO. LYSLMACHLM
* Pedunchu many-floK.
1 Panicled, racemes term : L. ovate-lanceolate, acute.
2 Racemes lateral, peduncled.
** Pedunchu l-/7oie.
3 L. ovate, acute: El. solitary : stem procumb : stam. smooth.
l4 L. somewhat cordate : El. solitary : stem creejung : stam. glandular.
91. ANAGALLIS.
•1 L. ovate, dotted beneath : stem procumbent.
2 L. lanceolate-ovate, dotted beneath : stem erect: cor. strongly crenate.
:i L. roundish, rather acute, petiolcd : stem creeping: stigma acute.
( 19 )
I -
I CLASS V. PKNTAXDKIA. OUDKR I. MOXOCJYXIA.
^
C “
LtNXKAV NAMES.
ENGI.ISH NAMES.
1*1
m ^
- S
-
'/j
—
r--r
A
U2
AZAi.EA.
AZALEA.
1 pniiniiiitHMis —
trailing
Sc.inouii.
rose
7
s.
!«
COXVOl.VCLCS.
HIXDWEED.
1 aivcnisis
small
Ciirn <i.
Ilesh
nj
p.
312.
*2 sepinni
great
Aloi. lied.
uhite ...
7,a
p.
313.
3 Soldanclla
sea
Sea. sh.
Ilesh
7
i*.
31 1.
PCLKMoXICAI.
.1 ACUI5'S-I.AI)1)
ER.
Biisliv p.!
I)!ne
ti
p.
14.
!(■>
CAMl’AXin.A.
lil.Ll.-ELOW EU
1 nitiindifulia
roiiiul leaved
Heaths.
hllie
«,!l
p.
lltlC.
2 patida
spread!
I’asfure'
\ io|
7,H
B.
42.
3 IJapiinculus
rampion
ft edge !•
|airple...
7,<*
B.
233.
1 latifolia
eiaiit
Sha. m. p.
purple...
»
P.
3112.
\
3 rapuiicidoides...
creeping
Woods !
hhie
«
P.
131111.
(! Traflielhim —
nettle-leaved
\\ tMid.S
vi(d
7
P.
12.
7 ^lomerala
clustered
dial. pa.
viol
7,«
P.
110.
!! li)l>rida
corn
dial.ti...
viol
R
A.
375.
hlue
C-K
P.
73.
Sll
PHYTEUMA.
RA.MPIOX.
1 orWc'ulare
rouiuUheaded
Clial. pa.
viol
«
P.
142.
'.'7
dASIOXK.
SHEEP’S-SCARIOPS.
1 moiitana
comnum
San. pa ..
hlue
<n7
A.
1182.
l.onEl.lA.
LOBELIA.
1 Dort manna
water
Lakes...
hhie
i
P.
140.
2 ureas
acrid
Heath- !
hhie
t:,!'
1
1
1
1^-
1
!(,)3.
( 19 )
Cl. ASS V. PKNTANDIUA. OUDKll I. AI()N(K;Yx\IA.
Sl'ECiriC CU.\R.\CTER.
!l-2. AZALE.A.
1 Branches diffuse, proi'umb<>nt : I., opposite, revolute, very smooth.
!»:j. CdWOLVULUS.
1 L. arro« -sha])ed, lolies acute : peduiic. mostly 1-flovv: bracteas minute,
remote from the tloHor.
2 L. arrow-sha]ied, lobes truncated: pcdunc. square, l-flow: bracteas
cordate, close to the calvx.
3 L. kidney- shaped, pedunc. l-llow. with membranous angles.
‘14. rOI.EAlOXIUAI.
1 L. pinnated: FI. erect: cal. longer than the tube of the corolla.
!t5. CA.MPANUI.A.
1 L. radical kidney-shaped; those of the stem linear.
2 L. straight; radical lanceolate-oval: pan. spreading: cal. dentidi-
lated.
3 L. waved ; radical lanceolate-oval : |)an. compact.
4 L. ovate-lanceolate: stem very simple, cylind : pedunc. l-Hovv: fruit
drooping.
0 L. cordate-lanceolate: stem branched: FI. scattered, 1-rowed, nod-
ding : cal. reHexed.
b Stem angular: J,. cordate-lanceolate, sharpi}’ serrated: cal. hispid:
pedunc. axillary, fevv-How.
7 Stem angular, simple: FI. sessile, in a terminal head: L. ovate,
crenate.
8 Stem often branched at the base, straight; I., olilong. crenate, undu-
lated: cor. sliorter than the calyx : caps, prismatic.
9 L. cordate, o-lobed, petioled, smooth : stem lax.
9(1. PHYTEUAIA. |
1 Head roundish : L. crenate; radical ones cordate. !
97. .TASIOXE. j
1 I., linear-lanceolate, narrower at the base, waved, rough. |
98. I.OBELIA. !
1 E. linear 2-celled, very entire : stem nearly naked. !
2 Stem rather upright: lower leaves ohovate, denticulated; uppeimost j
lanceolate, serr.ited : FI. racemose. j
j
II
( -’0 )
CLASS V. PENTANDIUA.
ORDER 1. MOXOGYXIA.
c
o
bL
~ c
.2 >.
I.INXEAN NAMES. I
:XGMSI! NAJIES.
c/z $
i ^
= > -1
iZ .2
!ir»
L^irATIF.XS.
BALSAM.
“
*“
1 X'oli me tangere
yellow
\Vat.s.|)l!
j‘*i
l!
A.
!i:{7.
100
VIULA.
YlOLFVr.
4
p(f 1
2 odonita
sweet
■>
Slur. jil.
purple ...
:l4
P.
bio.
'A paliistris
J
P.
.14J
4 canina
P.
a lactea
cTeain-rolourcd ...
M. hen.
(Team ...
0
P.
41.'.
0 tricolor
pansy
Corn li.
vel. pu...
o-O
A.
1 2I!7.
7 lutca
yellow mountain..
M. pas.
.Vel
.Wl
P.
721.
101
VKUBASCILM.
.MULLKIX.
vvl.
7 E
u.
in
2 Lvchnitis
7 i\
B.
pulverulentmn ..
Yol
B.
iH7.
4 niirnim
l)Uiok
1
7 i\
P.
bO.
5 virfratiiiii
large-Howered ...
I Grav. pi.
' yel
B.
Gray, pi
A.
;i!i3.
102
OATUllA.
THDltX-Ari’Ll'
r
1
Rub. ..
A.
i2;i!i.
io:i
HYOSCYA.ML'S.
IIEXBAXK.
1
Rob. ..
A.
bOl.
101
ATIIOPA.
DEADLY XIG
1
htshadl;.
Rub. ..
0
P.
.402.
itii')
SOLAXL'M.
XIGliTSIlADE
1 Dulcaniarn
Hedirt's
viol
0,7
s.
2 nigrum
common
Rub. ...
white ...
(>-!)
A.
.jtib.
( 20 )
CLASS V. PENTAXniUA. ORnKlJ I. MONOGYXIA.
SPECIFIC CIIAIIACTEH.
!l!t. LMPATIEXS.
1 Pedunc. nuiny-How. solitai y : L. ovate : joints of the stems swelling-.
1(10. VIOLA.
1 Steniless : L. cordate, rough with hairs, as well as their petioles ; cal.
ohtnse.
2 Steniless: scyons creeping: L. cordate, snioothish, as wall as their
petioles: cal. obtuse.
3 Steniless: L. kidney-shaped, smooth: root creeping.
4 Stem when becoming adult, ascending, channelled : L. ohlong-
cordate : cal. acute.
5 Stem ascending, cylind : L. ovate-lanceolate : stipulm inciso-serrated.
6 Stem angular, diifuse : L. oblong, deeply crenate : stipulm lyrate,
pinnatifid.
7 Stem triangular, simple : L. ovate, oblong, crenate, ciliated : stipula;
lolled, palmate.
101. \"ERBASCUM.
1 L. deeurrent, woolly on both sides : stem simple.
2 L. ohlong-wedge-shapcd, almost naked on the upper surface : stem
angular, panieled.
3 L. ovate-ohlong, slightly serrated, powdery on both sides : stem
cylind. panieled.
4 L. oblong-cordate, petioled, crenate, undulated, sometimes pubescent.
3 L. oblong-lanceolate, dentate, sessile : radical ones somewhat lyrate,
pubescent: stem branched : El. clustered, almost sessile.
0 L. embracing the stem, oblong, smootb, serrated: pedunc. 1-flow.
solitary.
102. DATURA.
1 Pericarps spinous, erect, ovate : L. ovate, smooth.
103. IIYOSCYA.MUS.
1 L. embracing the stem, sinuated : El. sessile.
104. ATROP.V
1 Stem herbaceous : L. ovate, entire.
10."). SOLAXUM.
i 1 St cm unarmed, shrubby, Ilexuose : upper leaves h:istato: racemes
cymose.
2 Stem unarmed, herbaceous: L. ovate, dentate, angular: umbels
lateral, nodding.
( 21 )
lor.
107
108
1(19
110
111
Cl.ASS V. PF.XTAXnHIA. ORDER I. .MOXOOYXIA.
C
O
b ^
Ml
c
^ j: >>
I.IN’NEAX KASIES.
r.XGLISIt XA31KS.
'c C
(T. -
cz
1
Sc r
^ _o
CIIIUOMA.
Cl* \TAURV.
“*
Orav.pa.
Sea eoa.
Sea eoa.
i;
■117.
280.5.
ro.se
ro.se
A.
clwarf-branclied...
BROOKWEED.
8,9
A.
4.58.
SAMOIAJS.
Mar. ...
white ...
7
r.
703.
LOXICERA.
lIOXEYSrCKLb
1 Caijrifi'liuni ...
pale perfoliate ...
Woods
vel
a,()
s.
799.
*2 Perirl ymenum ..
H,7
7
s.
8110.
Woods !
Vel
s.
918.
RIIA.MXUS.
I catliiirticns ...
RECKTIIORX.
green....
.1,8
Hedges
s.
I(i29.
Woods
white ...
0
s.
250.
KL'OXYMUS.
SriXDLE-TREl
Hedges
while ...
0
s.
882.
HIRES.
CURRAXT.
Riv. ban.
s.
1289.
2 al|^)iiiiini
tiLsteless mi)imtaiii
Woods
grtvn....
1,*
s.
704.
M. woods
;rr«‘en ...
o
s.
1290.
rock
Mount...
reddish..
.1
s.
70.j.
Mobbed.
?s.
1291.
««
roiif^li njooscberry
sinoolli g«xisebeir\
1 1 edges
1 1 edges
trreen ...
4
s.
1292.
7 IJ va-crispa
green ...
4
s.
20.57.
IIEDERA.
IVY.
Woods
trreen ...
10
s.
1287.
112
( 21
( I, ASS V. PKNTAXDHIA. OUDRR I. MONOGYNIA.
SrECH'IC CIIAKACTER.
lor,. CHIRONIA.
1 Stem herbaceous, dicliotomousl}' panicled : L. ovate-lanceolate : cal.
shorter than the lube.
2 Stem herbaceous, simple, straight : I., lincar-ohovate : cal. teeth awl-
shaped : FI. corvmhose.
3 Stem herbaceous, much branched on all sides: L. ovate: cal. segments
awl-shaped, little shorter than the lube.
107. SAMOLUS.
1 I., obtuse: raceme manj-How : pedicels furnished with hracte;is.
100. LONICKRA.
1 FI. ringent, whorled, term. : L. deciduous ; upper united and per-
hdiate.
2 Heads ovate, imbricated, term : L. all distinct, deciduous : FI. ringent.
3 Stem. 2-flow : berries distinct : L. entire, downj-.
100. RHAMNUS.
1 Spines tenn : FI. 4-cleft, dioicous : L. ovate : stem erect : berry
4-seeded.
2 Unarmed : F'l. hermaph. monogj nous : L. very entire, smooth : berry
2-seeded.
110. EUONYMUS.
1 F'l. mostly 4-clef't : pet. acute : branches smooth.
111. RIBES.
* Unarmed.
1 Racemes smooth, pendulous : F'l. Ilatish : pet. obcordate.
2 Racemes erect : bracteas longer than the flow : E. shining beneath.
3 Spikes erect : pet. oblong, bracteas shorter than the flow.
4 Racemes erect : fruit pendulous : pet. obi use, bracteas shorter than the
How.
5 Racemes, hairy, pendulous: pedunc. simple at the base : FI. oblong.
•* Prickhj.
(i Petioles hairy : pedunc. 1-flow : bracteas separate : fruit hirsute.
7 Pedunc. 1-flow: bracteas connate : fruit smooth.
112. HEDERA.
1 L. ovate and lobed.
( 22 )
('Lx\SS V. l’i:XTAXI)RIA. OHnEU I. MONOGYXIA.
IK!
I.INXF.AX NAJILS.
lELECEBREM.
1 verticillatuin ...
KXCI.IMI XAJIES.
KXOT-WEEI).
wliorleil
Soil 1
or j
Situation. |
.
^ • liH
1'iine of
Flowering.
-^-1
Rou-gy pi.
white ...
7
l>.
114
GLAUX.
SAI.T-WEED.
Salt mar.
P.
1.1.
11, I
TIII'.SIUM.
TOAD-I'f.AX.
1 linopliytluni ...
dial. pa.
white ...
P.
247.
IIH
VIXCA.
PERIWIXKLE.
Bushy pi.
5
P.
!)17.
2 majiir
greater
Groves ..
blue
5
P.
all.
OUDER II. DIGYXIA.
IlERXIARIA.
REPTURE-WORT.
I jjiahra
smooth
San. gr.
gieon ...
7,s
P. 20(i.
2 hirsuta
hairy
San. gr.!
green ...
7,i!
P. 1:17!).
CIIEXOPODIUM.
GOOSE-FOOT.
I
Ruh
.5.(1
I’. i(';!.‘!.
'2 iirbicuin
upright
Dung hill
green ...
fi,!l
A. 717.
!i
.V. 17’1.
4 hotrvodes
man y-cliistered . . .
Sea sh.
reddish..
i!
A. ^ 2217.
Rub
lh!l
A. \ 7*^2.
li hvhridiiiii
maple-leaved
Ruh
green ...
I!
A. I'tl't.
Rub
7.11
172:1.
1! liriioliiim
fif^-leaved
nuiig hill
green ...
11
A. 172’4.
!( glauc'um
oa's-leaved
Ruh
green ...
!1
A. 14.-.4.
( 22 )
Cl, ASS V. rENTANDlUA.
OllOKU 1. MONOCxYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTF,R.
113. ILl.F.CERRUM.
1 El. nhorlcil, naked : stems procumbent.
111. GEAUX.
1 Stem erect, loaty : FI. solitnj y, axillaiy.
llo. THESIUM.
1 .Spike branched: braeteas ternate : L. linear lanceolate: tidip of tbc
calyx very short.
IIG. VINCA.
1 Stems procumb : I, . elliptic-lanceolate, margin smooth : El. peduncled :
calyx-teeth lanceolate.
2 Stems nprightish : L. ovate, ciliate : El. peduncled ; calyx-teeth seta-
ceous, elongated.
ORDER 11. DIGYNIA.
117. HERNIARIA.
1 Herbaceous: smooth.
2 Herbaceous : hairy.
1)8. CHENOPODIU.M.
* Ltui't)! angular.
1 L. triangular, arroiv-shaped, very entire: spikes compound, leuHess.
2 L. triangular, denticulateil : racemes cro\v<led, very straight, ap-
proximate to the stem, very long-, almost lealless.
3 L. rhomhoid-lriang-ulur, sinuate-dentate : racemes erect, compound,
leaty.
4 L. triangular, somewhat toothed, upper ones bluntish : racemes erect,
com|)ound, rounded, leafy.
5 L. ovate, shining, acute, dentate: racemes much branched, cvmose,
leaHess.
C L. cordate, angnlar-denlale, acuminate : racemes much branched,
sidjcymose, divaricate, leafless.
7 E. rhomboid-ovate. Jagged, entire behind; uppermost oblong, very
entire: seeds smooth.
8 E. hastate-sinuated, jagged, i-ntire behitul ; uppermost oblong-, very
entire: seeds dotted.
11 L. all oblong with deeply waved edges, glaucous beneath : racemes
lealle.ss, clustered.
( 2.-J ;
CLASS V. PEXTAXDRI A.
OROER 11. DIGVXIA.
1
1
=
iZ
=
1; 2
1 LIN'NEAX NAMES.
EXGLISII XAMES
'J: ^ 2
i.“ 5
1 ^ z
c >
*5
j
1 CHEX'OPODIU.M.
GOOSr.-EOOT.
1 -
—
Rub ...
ii
A.
1034
11 pol3’spermum ...
round-leaved
Rub. ..
j^reeii ..
7,«
A.
1480.
12 acutifolium
sharp-leaved
iincul.gT
^Toen ..
7,8
A.
1 181.
7,8
A.
833.
BETA.
BEET.
Sea coast
!!
r.
cc
j SALSOLA.
SALTWORT.
1 Kali
A.
slirnl)hv
Sea shore
7,8
s.
(i3r,.
ULMUS.
EL.M.
1 campestris
common
1 1 edges
broH n ...
4
T.
1888.
2 suherosa
cork-barked
Hedges
brown...
:i
T.
2181.
3 glabra
ne<iij;‘es
brown...
3
T.
2248.
4
T.
1 HJIJ
3
T.
2.-.42.
crscuTA.
nODDER.
i 1 ciiropa'a
p’oatcr
On tbi.-.ll.
pollu. ...
!l,!l
A.
378.
1 2 l''pitlivniniii ...
lesser
On shnih.
pellii. ...
3
1*.
oo.
SWI<;i{TlA.
EEL WORT.
! 1 porennis *j-
niarsb
Al|). mar.
purple...
8
P.
1441.
1 (il'.XTIAXA.
GEXTIAX.
blue
8, It
P.
•M)
Walls
P.
l.‘i!l4.
j 2 ucauli.s ^
4
P.
403.
( 23 )
CLASS V. PENTANDRIA. ORDER II. DIGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHAHACTER.
CIIENOPOniUM.
** Leaves entire.
10 L. rliombiiid-ovate, very entire : racemes conglomerate.
11 L. ovate, very entire : stem prostrate : racemes cymose, divaricate, 1
leafless.
12 L. ovate, acute, very entire : stem erect: racemes somewhat cynuise,
elongatcil ; leafless.
13 L. awUshaijed scmicylind : El. axillary, sessile.
11!(. BETA.
I Stems dcciimb. El. in pairs: calyx-segments very entire.
120. SAl.SOLA.
1 Herbaceous, decumbent: L. aw 1-sbaped, spinous, rough : cal. marginate,
axillary.
2 Shrubby erect : L. semicylind: rather obtuse, spineless.
121. ULMUS.
1 L. doublv-serraterl, scabrous, unequal at the base: El. subsessile, 4-
cleft : fruit oblong, naked.
2 L. pointed, iloubly serrated, rongb, unequal at the base: El. peduncled
4 or o-cleft: fruit round, naked.
3 L. doubly serrated, smooth, unequal at the base : I'l. subsessile, ,'i-cleft:
fruit oblong, naked.
4 L. doubly-serrated, acuminate, round, unequal at the base: El. pedun-
cled, .5 or fi-cleft : fniit round.
5 L. unequally-serrated, rough, unequal at the base : El. subsessile,
4-cleft : fruit obovate, naked.
122. CUSCUTA.
1 E'l. nearly sessile : cor. throat naked : stigmas acute.
2 El. sessile : stain, with minute crenate scales at the base : stigmas acute.
123. SVVERTIA.
1 Cor. 5-cleft : radical leaves ovate. I
124. GENTIANA,
1 Cor. bell-shaped, ,5-cleft : El. peduncled : L. linear.
2 Cor. 5-cleft, bell-shaped: stem 4-aiigular, scarcely the length ol' the
flower.
3 Cor. 5-cleft, salver-shaped, crenate : segments toothed at the base : L.
ovate, crowded.
1
( 24 )
l2:i
12(J
127
121!
12!)
130
131
CLASS V. PENTANDKIA.
ORDER II. DIGYNIA.
I.INXKAN NAMES.
GKXTIAX.A.
4 nivalis
ii Ainarella
(i cainpestris
ENOI.ISII NA.1IES.
GEXTIAN.
small alpine,
autumnal ....
field
UMREl .LI EEROUS PI .AX'PS.
ERYXGIUM.
1 inaritinuim ...
2 earn pest re ...
IIYDROCOTYLi;.
vulg-aris .
iiumdata .
SAXICULA.
1 europma
RUPLEURUM. |TIIOR()\V-WAX
ERYXGO.
.sea ..
field
PEXXYWORT.
common
floatinsf .
SAXICLK.
wood
1 rotundifoliiim ...
2 odontites
3 tenuissimum ....
ECHIXOPIIORA.
1 s])inosa -j-
TORDYLIC.M.
1 onicinale +
2 maximum
CAUCALIS.
I dancoides ...
2 latil'olia
3 Anlhri.scus
4 iufcsta
round leaved....
narrow-leaved .
slender
II ART- WORT,
small
g'L-at
BUR-PARSLEY,
small
parent
upright hedge ....
spreading hedg'e
_
Soil
or
Situation.
Colour
of the
Flower.
Time of
Floweriug.
Duration.
j ^ ^
s ticS
bfC W
Sc. alps
(,’hal. pa.
8
8
A-
898.
pnr|ile...
A.
238.
Grav. ])a.
purple...
!»
A.
237.
Sea. sh.
hliie
7,8
P.
718.
Pas.!....
hlue
7,8
P.
0/.
Wat. pi.
reddish
.5,8
P.
751.
Ditches
white ...
5
B.
227.
Woods
white ...
0
P.
CO
Corn fi.
vel
7
A.
99.
Rocks...
cream ...
7
A.
2488.
PH IRE.
yel
7,11
A.
478.
Sea coast
white ...
7
P.
2413.
Corn fi. !
flesh
•',7
A.
244(1.
Corn fi. !
fle.sli ....
•',7
A.
1173.
dial. fi.
reddish
8
A.
1!)7.
dial. fi. !
reddish
7
A.
198.
H eilges
reddish
7
A.
987.
(!orn fi.
yel. ish
7
A.
1314.
( 24 )
CLASS V. PF.NTANDKIA. OHDER II. DKiYNIA.
SPECIFIC CllAHACTER.
GKNTIANA.
4 Cor. o-rlpft funnel-shaped: Cal. anj^les equal, aente : stem man v-llow.
.I Cor. ."(-cleft salver-shaped ; throat bearded : eal. sejrments equal.
I) Cor. 4-cleft salver-shaped; throat hoarded: outer calyx-soj;;rneuts
laifijer.
UMHELL1FK1IOUS PL \NTS.
I2r,. ERYNGIUiM.
1 L. r<adical roundish, plaited, spinous: heads peduncled.
2 L. embracing- the stem, divided in a pinnated manner.
12H. HYDROCOTYLE.
1 L. peltate: umbels r»-flo\vered.
2 L. pinnate, 3-eleft : those submersed are capillary and many-cleft : um-
bels 5-flo\v. in pairs.
127. SAXICIJLA.
1 L. radical simple: FI. all sessile.
1211. BUPLEURUM.
1 Invol. universal none: 1.. perlidiate.
2 Involucel. .5 ovate, pointed, 3-ribhed leaves: Invol. 3-leaved : branches
spreading: timbels peduncled.
3 Cmbels simple, alternate, aliout 3-llon : invol. 5 awl-shaped leaves.
1211. ECHINOniORA.
1 Leaf!, awl-shaped, spinous, triliil, or undivided, very entire.
130. TORDYLRIM.
II Involucretsas long as the How : leall. ovate, cut, crenate: stem inibcs-
cent. *
2 Cmbels crowded, radiate: lead, lanceolate, deeply serrated: stem
rough, with bristles bent downwards.
131. CAUCALIS.
1 Umbels trifid, naked: umbellets 3-seeded: involucrets 3-leaved: L.
more than rloubly compound.
2 I inbels trilid, involucred; umbellets .“i-seeded: L. pinnate, serrated.
B Umbels many-cleft, crowded: invol. many-leaved: lead, pinnatilid •
branches rather upright. ' '
d Umbels many-cleft, crowded: universal invol. scarcely any: le-id
pinnatilid : branches spreading. ’
( 25 )
132
133
134
135
136
137
CLASS V. PENTAXDHIA.
OHDF.H II. DIGYNJA.
LIXNEAN XAMF.S.
CAUCALIS.
5 nodosa
ENOI.ISH NAMES.
BUR-PAHSLKY.
knotted
DAUCUS.
1 Carota
2 maritimus .
BUNIUM.
1 Dulbocastannm
CONIUM.
1 maculatum
SELINUM.
1 palustre ....
ATHAMAXTA.
1 Libanotis
Ml
PEUCEDANUM.
1 officinale
2 Silaus
138
CRITHMUM.
1 maritimum
13fl
HERACLEUM.
1 Sphondj'lium
140
LIGUSTICUM.
1 scoticiim
2 oornubiense .
3 iSlpiim
ANGELICA.
1 Archanijelica §
CARROT.
wild
sea-coast
EARTH-NUT.
common
HEMLOCK,
common
SPIGNEL.
mountain
meadow
SAMPHIRE.
sea .
common
LOVAGE.
Scottish
Cornish
spignel
ANGELICA.
(j;arden
I
Soil
or
Situution.
~
S-z ^
0
c
^ rr
CS
r ai. C
3
0
Corn fi.
white ...
a,!!
A.
ItlO.
Bor. of fi
white ...
B.
1174.
Cornwall
white ...
B.
25li0.
Past. ...
white ...
5,6
P.
•1188.
Hedges
white ...
6,7
B.
IPJl.
Y.
Marshes
white ...
7
P.
220.
Chal.pa.!
white ...
!!
P.
138.
RT.
Sail mar.
vel
6.7
P.
1767.
ii
P.
2142.
sea dill's
while ...
It
P.
810.
Hedges
white ...
7
B.
039.
Scot. sh.
while ...
7
P.
1207.
Bushy fi.
white ...
7
P.
683.
M. pas.
white ...
5
P.
'2249.
Wat.pl.!
white ...
!l
B.
2561.
( 25 )
CLASS V. CFXTAN'DRIA. OUDF.U II. DKIYXIA.
SPECIFIC CIIARACTEIt.
CAUCALIS.
5 Umlu'ls Literal simple, nearly sessile : stem prostrate.
i:l2. daucus.
1 Fruit liristiv: petioles nerved beneath: umbels when in seed eoucave.
2 Fruit ronjj^ti, with eompressed bristles: lead, dilated, sueculent, hairy:
umbels when in seed convex.
in:{. RuxiuM.
1 Invol. about d-leaved: L. thrice pinnate, linear, smooth : fruit ovate.
li. Jlejciiusiim. Eng. But.
134. COXIUM.
1 Seeds unanued: stem much branched, shining, spotted.
135. SFLIXUM.
1 Milky: root generally single: stem solitary: styles divaricated after
flowering: pet. involute.
13IJ. ATHAMAXTA.
1 L. hipiimated, flat . umbel hemispherical : seeds hairy.
137. PFUCEDAXUM.
1 L. five times 3-|)arted : leaf!, linear, undivided.
2 Leafl. jiinnatifid : segin. opposite, decnrrent : universal invol. about
2-leaved.
138. CKITILMUM.
1 Leafl. lanceolate, fleshy.
1311. HERACLEUM.
1 L. pinnate: leafl. pinnatifid, deejily seriated.
140. LIGUSTICUM.
1 L. hitternafe.
2 L. radical decompound, cut ; those on the stem ternate, lanceolate, en-
tire: furrows of the seed indistinct.
3 Leafl. all setaceous, many-cleft. Ulcum at/iamanticum, Eng. Bot.
141. AXGELICA.
Terminating leaflet lohed.
1
( 26 )
142
143
144
14o
140
147
141!
14!1
■ CLASS V. PENTAXDRIA. ORDPRl II. DIGVXIA.
1
o
= Si o
1 C
1 ^
LINNEAN XAMES.
ENGi.isn na:\ies
c. o
U cu.
O ^
O
1 2
tX “ w
fc- =
’fi
r" rr*
AXGELIC'A.
AXGELIC'A.
flesh ....
p.
1128.
SICM.
a
1
>
Vh'.P.
I latiroliiiiii
laoud leaved
Rivulets
white ...
7,3
p.
204.
2 anniistit'olium...
iiarrow leaved ....
Rivulets
white ...
7,3
p.
138.
3 nodiflorum
procundjent
Rivulets
white ...
7,0
p.
039.
4 repens
creeping-
IVIoi. gr.
white ...
0-1!
p.
1431.
1) verticillatum . ..
w hurled
AT. mea.
whita ...
7,3
p.
•39.1.
SISOX.
IIOXE-WORT.
8
A.
9.)4.
dial, fl !
white ...
8
,A.
228.
OEXAXTHE.
WATER-DROP
■WORT.
7,8
P.
303.
2 pinipinciloitles
parsley
Salt mar.
white ...
7
P.
347.
3 peucedanif'ulia
sulphur wort
Ditclies
white ...
0
P.
348.
P.
2313.
CORIANDRUM.
CORIAXDER.
Fields !
white ...
fi
A.
07.
PIIELI.AXDRICM
WATER-IIE.Ml
.OCK.
B.
084.
CICUTA.
COW-BAXE.
8
P.
479.
AETHUSA.
FOOL'S PARSLI
■',Y.
Corn li.
7,8
A.
1192.
SCANDIX.
CHERVILL.
1 odorala
sweet seented ....
Aloi. pas.
white ...
.5
P.
097.
2 Focton-V’^oncri.s
needle
Corn li.
white ...
3,7
A.
1397.
T)
A.
818.
4 eerefoliimi
pirdeii
' ledf^e ha
white ...
li
A.
1208.
( 20 )
CLASS V. PKNTAXDRIA. ORnKH II. niGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
ANGELICA.
2 Leaf!, pijual, ovate, serrate<I.
142. SIUM.
1 L. pinnate: loafl. oblong-laureolate, erpially serrated.
2 L. pinnate: leafi. unequally lobetl and .serrated : unibebs peduncled, op-
posite the leave.s : stem erect.
3 L. pinnate: le<ill. ovate, equally’ serrated: umbels se.ssile, opposite the
leaves: stem procumbent.
4 L. pinnate: leaH. roundish, deeply toothed : umbels peduncled, opposite
the leaves : stem creepiiij^.
5 LeaH. whorled, capillary, maiiy-clert. Sison. Eng. Bot.
143. SI SON.
1 L. pinnate: umhels erect, about 4-rays.
2 L. pinnate: leafl. roundish numerous: umbels droojiing variouslj-.
144. OENANTHE.
1 Sloloniterous : stem leaves pinnate, fdirorui, fistulous: universal invol.
oltenlimes wanting.
2 Hadical leaH. wedge-shaped, cloven ; those on the stem linear, verj’ en-
tire, elongated: invol. manv-leaved, linear.
3 LeaH. all linear: invol. none: knobs of the root sessile, ellijitical.
4 LeaH. all wedge-shaped, many-cleft, nearlj’ equal.
14o. CORIANDUUM.
I Emit globular : seeds hemispherical.
146. PHELLANDHICM.
1 Segments of the leaves divaricated.
147. CICUTA.
1 Lhnbels opposite the leave.s: stipula? running up the petioles, obtuse.
148. AETHUSA.
1 L. all alike.
14!). SCANDIX.
1 Seeds fuiTowed, angular smooth.
2 Seeds with a very long roughish beak : leaH. linear, many-parted.
3 Seeds ovate, hispid : corollas uniform : .stem smooth.
4 Seeds polished, a little swelling : umbels sessile, lateral.
c -’7 )
class V. PENTANDRIA.
ORDER II. DIGYXIA.
LIXNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NA5IES.
160
l.-)l
CILEROPHYLLIT.M.
1 sylvestre
2 tcmiilentum .
3 aurpuni
IMPERATORI.V.
I Ostnithiimi
PASTINACA.
I saliva
163
1.64
1,65
1 .6(1
1611
SMYRNIUM.
2 Olusatriim ..
AXETHUM.
1 E'a>nicuhmi..,
CARUM.
1 Carui §
PIMPIXEI.LA.
1 saxifrai^a
2 masina
3 dioica
APIU.M.
1 giaveolens
diGOPODIUM.
1 Poday'raria...
MASTERWORT
PARSXEP.
ALEXAXDERS.
coiiiraon
EEXXEL.
common
CARAWAY,
common
ffreat .
dwarf.
CELliRY.
wild
GOUT-WEED,
common
Soil
Ul’
Situation.
Colour of
ilie j
Flower.
i
Time of
1 lowering.
1
- CB •
r “
SLEY.
Hedges
white ...
■4,6
P.
762.
llcdjfes
white ...
•*,7
B.
1.621.
Bor. offi!
cream ...
0
P.
2103.
I
M. alp. p!
white ...
r>
P.
13110.
dial. pi.
yel
7
B.
5,68.
Sea coast
greenish
O
B.
230.
dial. pi.
yel
7,li
B.
1208.
Mea.pas.
while . .
(i
B.
1603.
FRAGE.
Dry pas.
wliite ...
7,1!
P.
407.
Woods
white ...
7,1!
P.
408.
Rocks !
white ...
.),!»
P.
PJOO.
Ditches
white ...
8
B.
1210.
1 Slia. pi.
1
wliite ...
5,1)
P.
040.
' 60
ORDER III. TRIGYXIA.
VIBERXUM.
GUELDl'R-ROSE.
1
1 1 .antaiia
Hedges
wliile ...1 6
S.
331.
2 Opiiliis
common
•Moi. w a.
white ... 8
S.
332.
( 2/ )
CLASS V. PENTANDRIA. ORDER II. DIGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER-
150. CILEROPHYLLUM.
1 Stem striated, smooth ; joints ratlicr swollen.
2 Stem roujfh ; joints swollen.
3 Stem somewhat swelling, angular, hairy: L. pinnatiiid, acute, cut:
seeds coloured, striated.
151. IMPERATORIA.
1 L. biternate, serrated. •
152. PASTINACA.
1 L. simply pinnate, pubescent beneath.
153. SMYRNIUIM.
1 Stem leaves ternate, petioled, serrated.
154. ANETIIUM.
1 Fniit gibbous: stem leaves numerous, curved downwards.
155. CARUM.
1 Stem branched : L. doubly pinnate.
150. PIMPINELLA.
1 L. pinnate: radical leall. roundish ; uppermost linear.
2 L. jiinnate: leaH. all ovate, terminating one 3-lobq(l.
3 Lead, all linear : umbels panicled : El. dioicous.
157. APIUiM.
1 Lead, of the stem-leaves wedge-shaped: stem furrowed.
158. jEGOPODIUM.
1 L. radical biternate ; uppermost ternate, ovate.
ORDER III. TRIGYNIA.
159. VIBURNUM.
1 L. cordate, serrated, veiny, tomentous beneath.
'i L. lohed : petioles glandular.
Iv
( 28 )
CLASS V. PRNTANDRIA.
ORDER III. TRIGYNIA.
160
161
162
163
164
I.INNEAN NAMES.
SAMBUCUS.
1 Ebulus
2 nij^ra
STAPHYLEA.
1 pinnata §
TAMARIX.
1 gallica
CORRIGIOLA.
1 littoraiis
ENGLISH NAMES.
ELDER.
dwarf
common
Soil
or
Situation.
j Colour
1 of tlie
Flower.
'I'ime of
Flowering.
Duration.
Figure
in F.nglisb
Ilotany.
Wa. gr.
red
7
p.
475.
H edg'es
T.
white ...
6
T.
476.
Hedges !
yel’ish
6
S.
1560.
So. coast
fle.sli
7
s.
1318.
So. coast
white ...
7,8
A.
668.
PARNASSIA.
1 palustris
pinnate
TAMARISK,
frencli
STRAPWORT.
ORDER IV. TETRAGYNIA.
GRASS OF PARNASSUS
common | Bogs ... white ...
«,!» , P. «2.
ORDER V. PENTAGYNIA.
165
166
STATICE.
1 Armeria ..
2 Limonium
3 reticulata
LINUM.
«
1 usitati.ssimum...
2 perenne
3 angiistifolium...
«•
4 catharticum
SEA-LAVENDER.
1
thrift
7,8
P.
228.
7,8
P.
18-’.
Mud. sh.
7,8
328.
FLAX.
7
A.
1357.
perennial
dial. so.
blue
6,7
p.
40.
narrow-leaved ....
San. pas.
purple...
7
p.
381.
PurtP"!?
Dry pas.
white ...
6-8
A.
382.
lili
( 28 )-
CLASS V. PENTANDRIA. ORDER III. TRIGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
IfiO. SAMBUCUS.
Cvnnes 3-parteil : stipula? leafy : stem herbaceous.
Cymes 5-parted : leaH. ovate, serrated : stem a tree.
Kil. STAPHYLEA.
I,, pinnate : styles and capsules 2-togetlier.
I(i2. TAAIARIX.
FI. pentandrous.
103. CORRIGIOLA.
Stems numerous, prostrate.
ORDER IV. TETRAGYNIA.
104. PARNASSIA.
L. cordate.
ORDER V. PENTAGYNIA.
105. STATICE.
Scape simple, headed : L. linear.
Scape panicled, cylind: L. smooth, nerveless, awned at the apex.
Scape panicled, prostrate, zigzag ; lower branches barren : L. wedge-
shaped, awnless.
100. LINUM.
• Leaves alternate.
Lead, of the cal. ovate, acute, 3-nerved ; pet. crenate : L. lanceolate,
alternate : stem mostly solitary.
Lead, of tlie cal. obovate, obtuse, about 5-nerved, smooth : stems nu-
merous, ascending.
Lead, of the cal. elliptical, about 3-nerved, acuminate as well as the
capsules : L. linear-lanceolate 3-nerved : stems numerous.
•* Leaves apposite.
L. obovate-lanceolate : stem dichotomous above : petals acute.
C 29 )
CLASS V. PKNTANDRIA.
ORDKR V. PENTaGYNIA.
J67
LINNEAN NAMES.
SIBBALniA.
1 procuml'ens ....
ENGI.ISU NAMES.
'SIBBALDIA.
prorumbont
— o
o
Sc. alps
_o ^ ^
C w o
O o,-
yel.
:i i/
C it
i- 0
ORDER VI. HEXAGYNIA.
3 tkC-
be C -5
iza -3
fi97.
IHB
DROSERA.
SUX-DEW.
1 rotundiColia
round-leaved
Tu. bops
white ...
7,»
p.
«<I7.
2 ](inf!;ilblia
lonjj-leaved
'I'll, ho^s
white ...
7,H
p.
ilfio.
3 anp;lica
Tu. bogs!
white ...
7,«
p.
ORDER VII. POLYGYNIA.
Jfi!)
MYOSURUS.
MOUSE-TAIL.
1 minimus
common
Corn fi. 1
yel
0
A.
4:i5.
( '29 )
CLASS V. PKXTAXDUIA. OUDKIl V. PKXTAGYXIA.
Sl’EClFIC CHARjVCTEK.
107. SIBBALDIA.
1 LeaHcts wed^e-sliaped, 3-toothed.
ORDER VI. HEXAGYNLV
l(i8. DROSERA.
1 L. orhieidar, radical : scape bearinjf a simple racemiis.
2 L. ol)o\ate, radical: scape Ijeariny- a simple racemus.
3 L. ohlong’, obtuse, radical : El. with 8-st_vles; caps. 4-valved.
ORDER VII. POLYGYXIA.
189. MYOSURUS.
1 L. entire, linear.
CLASS VI.
II E X A N D U I A.
187
188
188
171
l/t*
172
173
182
177
181
17!»
180
17(i
178
174
173
183
184
183
ORDER 1. MONOGYXIA.
• FI. vtdyded, furnished with ccdyx and curoUa.
FrankENIA. Cor. i)-pct. Cal. l-leaved, inferior. Caps, l-cclled,
many-seeded.
RekbEris. Cor. 8-pet. Cal. 8-leaved, inferior. Berry 2-seedcd.
Peplis. Cor. 8-pet. Co/. lO-cleft. Cops. 2-celled.
hyth) urn 2.
• ** **• FI. n'ith a Spathe.
Lei’COJX’M. Cor. .superior, 8-pot. bell-sliaped. Slam, equal.
Gai.antiius. Cor. superior, 8-pet; 8 inner petals shorter, eniar-
pdnate.
Narcissus. Cor. .superior, 8-pet. Blect. bell-shaped, bearing the
petals, inclosing the .stamina.
Allium. (V. inferior, 8-pet; petals ovate, sessile.
**• FI. naked.
CoNVAI.LARIA. Cor. inferior, 8-cleft. Berry 3-celled. ^'tig.
8-eornered.
HyacixTiius. Cor. inferior, 8-rleft, with inflated tube. Siam.
uniform. Caps. 8-celled. Seeds globose.
AspaRagits. Cor. inferior, 8-pai-ted. Berry o-celled. .Yf/g. 3.
Antheuicum. Cor. inferior, 8-pet. spreading. Seeds angular.
NartiiECIUM. Cor. inferior, 8-pet. spreading. Seeds witli an
a])pendage at each end. Siam, hairy.
Ornitiiogalu.m. Cor. inferior, 8.pet. Siam, dilated at the base.
SciLl.,\. Cor. inferior. 8-|)et. Siam, filiform.
Fritillaria. Cor. inferior, ovate, 8-pet. with a nectariferous
hollow at the base.
Tulipa. Cor. inferior, bell-shaped, 8-pct. .Vn//e 0. Seeds flat.
AcorUS. Cor. inferior, 8-[)et. Spadi.v many-fion.
• p'g incomplete.
J UNCUS. Cn/. 6-leaved. Cor. 0. Caps, superior, 3-valvcd, 3-eel-
led, many-seeded.
LuzuL.y. Cal. 8-leaved. Cor. 0. Caps, superior 3-valved, 1 cel-
led, 3-seeded.
Feplis 1. Polygonum.
ORDER III. TRIGYNIA.
l!)l ScuErcHzritlA. Cal. 0. Pet. ti. Cam. 3 inflated.
Itt3 CoLcmcrJl. Cal. a spathe. Cor. fl-cleft, with a tube fioin the
root.
192 TKir.l.ocniN. Cal. 3-leaved. Pet. 3. Capn. opening at the base.
Ititt Ri'SIEX. Cal. 3-leaved. ]\’t. 3. Seed 1, 3-cornered.
I!t0 Tofiei-DIA. Cal. 3-cleft. J'et. (i. Caps. 3. maiij’-seeded.
Elatine.
ORDER V. POEYGYNIA.
194 Ai.ISSIA. Cal. 3-leaved. Pc/. 3. Caps, numerous, aggregate,
1 -seeded.
( 30 )
170
171
172
173
174
175
170
CLASS VI. HKXANDHIA.
OHDKR I. MONOGYNIA.
LINNEAN KAMES.
GALANTllUS.
1 nivalis
LEUCOJUAl.
1 acstiviuiii
NARCISSUS.
1 poeticus
2 bitlorus
3 Pseudo-narcissiis
ALLIUAI.
«
1 Ampeloprasum
2 arenariura
3 carinatum
«w
4 oleraceum
vineale
»««
tl ursinum
7 Schoenoprasuiii
FRITILLARIA.
1 Melea^ris
TULIPA.
2 s3’lvestris
ORNITHOG.YLUM
1 luteuin
2 pvienaii'uiii ...
c
o
i i; U
.
ENGLISH NAalES.
Soil
or
htuati
oc >
-3
s
S C <3
.^0
common
Mead ...
white ...
2
P.
PJ.
SNOW-FLAKE.
summer
Mo.mca.
white ...
0
P.
621.
NARCISSUS.
poetic
San. bea.
white ...
5
P.
275.
pale
-Mead ...
ochre ...
4,5
P.
276.
daffodil
Woods
straw ...
3
P.
17.
GARLICK.
jjt. round-headed
Sun. bib!
purple...
7
P.
16o7.
sand
M. woods
purple...
7
P.
13o8.
mountain
Rocks...
ochre ...
7
P.
1658.
streaked field
Corn fi.
^reen....
7
P.
488.
Mead....
7
P.
1974.
broad-leaved
W(M)ds
white ...
5,6
P.
122.
chive
M.past.!
Hesh
6
P.
2441.
FRITILLARY.
common
Moi.pas.
purple...
4
P.
622,
TULIP. •
wild
Chalk j)it
yellow...
4
P.
63.
STAR OF BETH
LEHEM
yellow
Woods !
yellow...
4
P.
21.
spiked
Pasture !
fj-reenish
<>,7
P.
499.
( :30 )
I LASS VI. HKXAXDRI.V
ORDKR I. MONOGYNIA.
SrEClFIC CIIARACTEn.
170. GALAXTHUS.
Inner pet. tipped with jjreen. . i.,,!, ij, !'
171. LEUCO,IUM. t
Spathe many-flow. style club-shaped.
17’. XARCISSUS.
Si>athe 1-Huw : nect. whcel-.sliai)ed, very short, membranous, orenato: '
L. obtusely keeled, margin reflexed.
Spathe 2-flow : nect. veiw short, membranous, crenate : L. acutely keel-
ed, margin indexed.
Spathe 1-flow: nect. bell-shaped, erect, curled, indistinctly C-clefl,
equalling the ovate petals.
173. ALLIUM.
• Stem leaves fiat.
Umbel globose without bulbs: stain. 3-pointed: pet. rough on the
back.
Umbel bearing bulbs: sheaths cylind: spathe blunt: stam. 3-pointed:
pet. roughish on the keel.
Umbel bulbiferous: stam. all awl-shaped: sjiathe acute. ‘ ■'
•* Utem leaves cylimlvieaL
Umbel bulbiferous: L. rough, channelled, furrowed beneath : stam. simple.
Umbel bulbiferous : stamens 3-pointed.
•** Scape naked.
Scape semicylind : L. lanceolate, petioled : umb. flat -topped.
Scape cylindrical, as long- as the leaves: L. C3'iiadi'ical, somewhat
tapering.
174. FRITILLARIA.
L. all alternate: stem 1-flow : nectary linear.
175. TULIPA.
FI. solitarj', somewhat nodding: L. lanceolate: stigma obtuse, trian-
gular : stam. hairy at the base.
173. ORXITIIOGALUM.
Stem angular, 2-leaved : pedunc. umbellate, simple.
Raceme very long: filaments all dilated : pedunc. when in flower
spreading, eipial ; when in fruit, approaching the scape.
! tiv
Olll
lb!
I.
( 31 )
CLASS VI. HEXANDRIA.
ORDER I. MOXOGYNLA.
177
17!S
17!)
!!!0
Rj|
182
Linxean names.
I
ORNITHOGALUM
3 umbellalum ....
4 nutans
HVACINTHUa
1 racemosus
.SCILLA.
1 Verna
2 bif'ulia
3 autumnal is .
4 nutans
ANTHERICU.M.
1 serotinum ....
NARTHECIUAI.
1 ossifra^^iiin ....
ASPARAGUS.
1 officinalis
CONVALLARIA.
1 majalis
2 verticillata
3 Polygonatum ..
4 niultitlora
common .
drooping.
HYACINTH,
starcli
SQUH.L.
vernal
two-leaved,
autumnal ..
li are-bell ...
SPIDER-WORT
mountain
ASPHODEL.
Lancashire
SPERAGE.
common
SOLOMON’S SEAL.
lily of the valley
narrow-leaved ..
anirular
Soil
or
Situation.
Colour
of ilie
Flower,
S j
A
ifl
LEHE.M
Mea.pas
w'liite ...
4,.'i
P.
130.
Dry mea!
white ...
o
P.
mi.
San. li.
blue
6
P.
PJ31.
Rocks...
blue
4
P.
23.
Woods !
blue
3,4
P.
24.
Dry |)ast.
rose......
!t
P.
78.
Woods
blue
b
P.
377.
Alp. roc.!
white ...
8
P.
793.
Tu. l)ogs
yellow...
7,8
P.
535.
Sea coast
greenish
8
]’.
339.
AL.
Woods
white ...
.I
P.
1035.
Woods I
white ...
li
P.
128.
Mount. !
white ...
o,ti
P.
280.
Woods
white ...
5,8
P.
279.
( 31 )
CLASS VI. IIKXANDRIA. ORDER I. MONOGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
ORNITHOGALUM.
3 FI. corvmlious: pedimc. surpassing the .scape; filam. tapering, very
entire.
-4 FI. pendnions on one side; tilam dilated, cohering, holi-shaped; alter-
nate ones longest and hilohed.
177. HYACINTHUS.
11 FI. ovate, fi-fnrrowcd ; the upper ones sessile, barren; L. linear,
loosely spreading.
178. SriLLA.
1 Root solid ; corymb, hemispherical, few -flow ; bractea' lanceolate, ob-
tuse ; L. linear, channelled, numerous.
2 Root solid ; F'l. somewhat corymibose, nearly erect, without hracteee ;
L. generally 2, lanceolate.
u L. linear ; FI. somewhat corymbosus ; pedunc. without bracteap, ascend-
ing the length of the now.
It L. linear; spike nodding; FI. drooping, bell-shaped, somewhat cylind.
reflexed at the points; bracteae in pairs.
1711. ANTHERICUM.
L. semicylind ; those on the stem dilated at their base ; stem mostly
1 -flow.
180. NARTHECIUM.
L. wnsiform.
181. ASPARAGUS.
Stem herbaceous, unarmed, nearly erect, cylind; L. setaceous, soft:
stipulae mostly solitary.
182. CONVALLARIA.
Stalk naked semicyKnd : F’l. spiked, pedicelled, nodding.
L. verticillate.
L. alternate, embracing the stem : stem angular : pedunc. axillary,
mostly 1-flow.
L. alternate, embracing the stem : stem cylind: pedunc. axillary, many-
How.
( 32 )
C 32 )
CLASS VI. IILXAXDUIA. OKDLll 1. iVlONCKiVNIA.
: SPECIFIC CHARACXEH.
m. Acoilus.
* 1 Scape with a very long leaf-like point above the llowcrs.
IIU. .1 UNCUS.
* Culms iinlud.
1 1 Culm cylind : pan. term ; invot. 2-leaved, .spinou.s : caps, roundish, pointed.
i 2 Cniin cvlind : pan. term, proliferous ; invol. 2-leaved, spinous, erect :
tap-- oblong.
i 3 Culm straight, glaucous ; )ian. lateral, erect : caps, elliptical, acute.
' 4 Culm .straight: pan. lateral, conglobate : cajjs. rehise : FI. ti iandrous.
t .) Culm straight : pan. lateral, liKise, Ihrice-cotr pound : caps, ohiicsc.
. (i Culm filiform, nodding; ))an. lateral, bracteate, mostly simple: caps,
roundish.
7 Culm terminated by 3 leaves and 3 Howets.
i 8 L. setaceous: pan. term compound, clustered.
** Culms Icafj/.
i !) L. knotty-jointed, .somewhat compressed : culm jointlc.ss: pan. repeat-
edly forked, dense: cal. leaves sharp pointed. .7. arficulatus. j
Eng. lint.
i ‘.0 L. knotty -jointed, conipres.sed : cuhnjointles.s: pan. erect, caps, coloured,
polished.
i if L. and stem knotty-joint ed, cylind : pan. divaricated: cal. leaves blunt, ,
as long as the capsule.
12 L. setaceous, somewhat knotty-jointed : heads about S-flotv. in a kind of i
proliferous cluster: culm bulbous, taking root at its jointst ,
.13 L. channelled, fillifonn : heads 3-llow. term, on one .side: bractea seta- '
cc-ous, leafy. liichtnn, Trans. Linn. Hoc. v. 12.
■j4 L. linear, channelled, culm compressed: corymb, terra, shorter than the
bractea: caps, round, longer tlian the cal. BicJieno, 'I'runs. •
Linn. Snc. v. 12. J. huthnsus. Eng. Hot.
^5 L. setaceous, channelled : corymb, term, longer than the bractea: caps,
obovate, blunt, as long asthe cal. likhenn, 'Hans. Linn. Son. v. 12.
lO L. linear, flat : stem dichot. racemose, higher than the leaves: Fl.solitary.
■ "7 L. linear, channelled : culm dichotomous, racemo.se: Fl.solitary.
I 118 L. flat : head 2-How . term, on one .side, leafy at the ba.se.
I ii!l L. flat: head 3-flovv. term, erect, bracteate, leafless.
I '20 L. flat, embracing the stem : heads term, mostly in pairs, inany-flow.
leafy at the base: hracteae acul c.
21 L. of the stem awl-shaped, knotty-jointed: corymb, dichot : heads about
6-flovv. w horled in clusters. Jiiclienu, 1 runs. Linn. Son. v. \'2.
18o. LUZULA. Dtcandnlle. — .JuNcus. Eng. lint. i
1 1... hairy : pan. cy-mo.se, divaricated; FI. lateral, solitary. j
( .-^3 )
Cl, ASS VI. HEXANDIUA.
OJIDER T. MOXfKJYXIA.
Soil
or
Situation.
C “ >
“o-^o
Time of
Flowering.
Duration.
o
Woods
.0
P.
*737.
Bar.past.
4,0
P.
•072.
Sc. al(is
/
P.
•1178.
W oods
5
P.
•1293.
Bushy pi.
Vi'llow...
S.
49.
P.
20a.
Seacoast!
reddish
7,8
A.
2222.
Wat.pl.
red
7,8
A.
1211.
RIGYXIA.
P.
l,i.83.
Rubble
8,7
P.
1998.
Wat. pi.
7
P.
724.
Rubble
7,8
P.
1999.
Grav. pa.
8
P.
Ia78.
Salt mar.
7,8
P.
72r>.
Marshes
7,8
P.
1932.
Riv. bail.
7,8
P.
2104.
8
P.
910.
t;
P.
127.
Grav. pa.
8,7
P.
1874.
1(10
187
188
189
LINXEAN NAMES.
LUZULA.
2 sylvatira
8 (’ain|)('>?tri,s
4 .spicata
5 C'oTsteri
BERBI'llIS.
1 vulgaris
FllANKEXIA.
1 Icevis
2 piilverulcMta ...
PE PL IS.
1 Portula
ENGLISH NAMES.
WO(lD-KUSH.
K^eat
fiaid
sjiikod
I'oi'ster’s
nAIlBERllY.
SEA-IIEATII.
.smiKitli
powdery
PURSLAXE.
water
RPMEX.
«
1 sanguineus .
2 crispiis ....
3 aciitu.s
obuisifblius.
pulcher
mariliiiuis ..
palustris ....
8 aipiaticus
9 digynns ..
10 Aeeto.sa ...
11 Aeetosella
DOCK.
bloody-veined
curled
sharp .
broad-leaved .
fiddle
golden
yellow marsh.
great water
mountain sorrel.
common sorrel ..
sheep's sorrel ..
( )
I'LASS VI. HRX.VXDUIA.
ORDER I. iMOXOGYNIA.
SFECII IC CIIAIEVCTEU.
LUZUDA.
1.. Iiairv', ai'uminate: pan. cvniospi compound : El. clustered.
1.. liairv : spikes Icnii. sessile and pedunc : caps, obtuse.
L. somewhat hairy: spike raccmtxse, noddinjf, compound at the base:
caps acute.
L. liairv : panicle cymose, erect : E. solitary : caps, sharp-pointed.
Hli;. BERBERIS.
El. in clusters : spines 3-forked : serratures of the leaves bristly.
187. FRAXKEXIA.
L. linear, clustered, ciliated at the base.
L. obovate, abrupt, villous and mealy beneath.
188. PEPLIS.
El. mostly apetalous : L. obovate.
ORDER III. TRIGYXIAs
189. RUMEX.
• Flowers hcrmop/irodife.
V’alves entire, oblong, one at least bearing a grain : L. cordate-lanceo-
late.
V'^alves ovate, entire, all grained: E. lanceolate, undulated, acute.
Valves oblong, somewhat toothed, all grained : L. cordate-oblong-, acu-
minate : racemes leafy.
V'^alves toothed, one chieHy grained: radical leaves cordate, obtuse:
stem rather rough.
V'alves toothed, one chiefly grained : radical leaves fiddle-shaped : stem
smooth, divaricated.
Valves ileltoid, fringed with bristly teeth, grained: I., linear; « boils
crowded.
Valves lanceolate, grained, toothed at the base: I., linear-lanceolate,
whorls distant.
Valves ovate, entire, indistinctly grained : L. cordate-lanceolate, acute.
Valves ovate, entire, grainless : El. digynous.
•* Flowers il/oiroiis.
L. oblong, arrow-shaped: valves grained.
L. lanceolate, hastate : valves grainless.
( .34 )
1110
1!)1
1!I2
iy:j
l!)l
CLASS VI. Hr.:XANDRIA.
OUnKK 111. TRIGYXIA.
hnni:ax xames.
TOFIELDIA.
1 pa!nstri.<
SCHRUniZERIA,
1 paliistiis
TRIGLOCIIIX.
1 palustre
2 maritimiim
COLCHICUM.
1 autmiinale ....
EKOI.ISH NAMES.
TOFIELDIA.
Scottish
BoironM
SCHEUCHZF.RL\.
Sp. boj^.s !
luarsli
ARROW-GRASS
marsh Wet.mea
sea Salt mar.
I
MEADOW-SAFFRON,
common I Mead....
groenisli
brov. n...
greenish
greenish
purple...
ORDER V. POLYGVNIA.
/
5,li
5;i(i.
1801.
2u5.
P f 183:
'■ ■ ( 1432.
ALISM.V
WATER-PLANTAIN.
1 Plantago
greater
Pools ...
purple...
7
p.
837.
2 Damasonium ...
.star-headed
1 titches
uliite ...
ii.7
p.
KiL).
Al(). L:ik!
Til. hog-s
7-11
p.
77'>.
320.
4 ranunciiloides...
small
.
purple...
8
p.
( )
.ASS VI. IIKXAXDRIA. OlIDRK HI. TRIGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
1!I0. TOFIELUI.A.
Petals aliovate, olrtiise.
litl. SCIir.UCHZERlA.
I!t2. TRIGLOCIHX.
Caps. ;{-eellerl, almost linear.
Caps, (l-eelled, ovate.
I'.t3. COLCHICUM.
L. flat, lanccol.ate, erect.
ORDER V. POI.YGYNIA.
1114. ALISMA.
L. ovate, acute : caps, obtusely triangular.
L. cordate-oblong : El. with l!-styles : caps. 1!, awl-shaped, spreading
in a star.
L. elliptical, obtuse: pedunc. solitaiy : caps, striated.
I., linear-lanceolate : caps, .a-cornered, incurved, collected into globular
beads.
M
1
f i r, .
./JVTYODtT .!li H 'qil-
AX Ml lY y-'s r
1 r-
« ) r'.'.MiA'.i ) •'H'li rrt.':
Y-.IO.rJllMT
./AiiJijAililV .L-n
i* - • mIj: .f'oU . / I i
i
• ’ • ' » . >• . ii* >
• f-M. r.4 I
•Tr.-'t lUiJ** .riU • t'l *. .*• )W » !
uri»l.<i‘iui'4 r*>i . ‘j'ii *•;■;/. : ; . ’
.'ii: n u
^ .'.K. 1 1 i' .' '.r ». t
I 'lulodol^ ty!'" i ,i'*. ^ tl - -n*-- -t, .,4ji. / : -.'(.Uj
it,
.• .. .. i r
1
CLASS VII.
HEPTANDRIA.
ORDER I. MONOGYNIA.
1 1195. Trientalis. Cal. 7-leaved. Cor. 7-parted, equal, flat. Berry
1 -celled, juiceless.
CLASS VII. HEPTANDRIA. ORDER I. MONOGYNIA.
LINNEAN NAMES.
TIUENTALIS.
EXGLISH KAJIES.
TRIEJJTALIS.
duckweed
Soil
or
Situation.
Colour
of the
Flower.
o.S
s: f
iZS
Duration.
" a0 =
i, c 2
*“
M. woods
white ...
5,IJ
P.
15.
( )
LASS VII. HEPTANniUA. OIIDF.R I. MONOGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
195. TRIENTALIS.
L. lanceolate and entire.
<1.'
■■ ! :(■
CLASS VIIL
j. li
O C T A N D R I A.
ORDKR I. MOXOGYNIA.
I * Ft. complete. : . j
(3 Acer. Pet. 5. Cal. ;")-cleft, inferior. Capa, l-seeded, wiiij^ed.
)/ EriLOBIUM. Pet. A. Gn/. 4-eleft, superior. Cnpv. 4-celled. Seefh j
featliered.
tfi Oenothera. Pet. 4. (’ai. 4-cleft, superior. Caps. 4-celled. ,
Seed naked, .-inth. linear. '• (
i ‘ t8 CllLOUA. for. H-parted. fo/. !!-leaved, inferior, fnp.v. 1 -celled.
I 19 VaCCINII'M. for. 1-pet. Cal. 4-toothed, superior. Seed Vessel
a Peri l/. I t
JO Menziesia. for. 1-pet. ('at. 1-leaved, inferior. Seed vessel a ^
Caiistile. I
, Jl Erica, for. 1-pet. Cal. 4-leaverl, inferior. Seed vessel a Capsule. I
I Monotropa 1.
< ** Ft. incomplete.
02 D.vPHNE. Cat. corolla-like, 4-cleft, inferior. Berra 1-seeded. i
rt' I '
(DIGYNIA.) j
Polj/gona. Chrj/susptenium. Scterantlius. '’ I -A/\ I I 1
ORDER III. TRIGYNIA. .. nllit ! I
...r.’ir--'-, ^OIJ
<04 PoltgONE'JI. Cal. .5-|)arted, corolla-like, inferior. for. 0. ;
Seed 1, naked. ,
j ORDER lY. TETRAGYNIA. ‘ I
I 00 Adoxa. Cal. half-inferior. for. superior, 4 or 5-cleft. Caps. ' .o
covered « ith the calyx. ,
'"05 Paris, fa/. 4-leaved. Pet. i. fierry superior. < I I
"07 Elatine. fa/. 4-leaved. Pet. A. tVyis. superior, 4-celled. ,
Sagina 2. '' ' ;
I
■I
I ;)(!!
,i<. I
( 3^ )
196
197
191i
199
200
CLASS VIII. OCTANDKIA. ORDER I. MONOGYXIA.
LINNEAN XAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES
— 5
0 =
C
.i ^
^ rt
o -
c -
=
; c
i:
,r
•r.
r" rr
C
s
OENOTHERA.
EVENING
PRIMROSE.
1 l)icnni.s
common
San. sh.
yellow...
7,9
B.
lo;'.4.
EPILOBIUM.
WILLOW HERB.
1 ang'ustifolium...
ro.se bay
Mead....
purple...
7
P.
1947.'
2 liirsutum
p;reat hairy
Wat. pi.
pink ...
7
P.
638.:
3 iJarviHorum ...
small llowered ...
M at. pi.
purple...
7
P.
795.
4 niontanuiii
hroad smnolh ...
Woods
purple...
7
P.
1177.
P.
693.
16 tetragoniim ...
square stalked ...
Marshes
Di rple...
7
P.
1948.
7 palustre
marsh
Marshes
purple...
7
P.
346.
6 alsinifoliiira ...
chickweed leaved
Sc. alps.
rose
7
P.
2600.
0 alpinnm
P.
2001.
CHLORA.
YELLOW WOR
T.
7,6
A.
60.
VACCINIUM.
BILBERRY.
flesh
S. .
456.
4,0
s.
561.
««
3 Vitis Ida*a
cowberry
.M. heath
flesh ...
6
s.
598.
4 Oxycoccus
cranberry
T u. bo^.s
rose
6
p.
319.
MENZIESIA.
MENZIESIA.
Heaths
red
s.
2469.
2 Polifolia
Irish
Mount.
purple...
s.
•35.
( 36 )
^LASS VIII. OCTANDRIA. ORDER I. MONOGYNIA. 1
SPECIFIC CHAIIACTER.
11)6. OENOTHERA.
L. ovate-lancenlatp, flat: stem rough, somewhat hairy : stara. regular:
pet. undivided.
I!I7. EPILOBIUM.
L. scattered, linear-lanceolate, vei.ned, smooth : FI. unequal : stam.
declined.
L. half embracing the stem, ovate-lanceolate, hairy: stem ranch
branched, root creeping.
L, sessile, lanceolate, pubescent: stem nearly simple, woullv: root
nhrnus.
L. petioled, ovate, toothed : stem cyiind. stig. 4-parted.
L. petioled, ovate, toothed ; steni erect, obscurely 4-airaled : stiu-.
undivided. " “
L. lanceolate, finely toothed : stem square : stig. undivided
denticulated: stem cyiind: stig.
L. petioled, ovate, acute, toothed: stig. undivided, root creepin.^:
stem decumbent, 4-an^ular. ^ ®
L. opposite, elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse, mostly entire: stem decum-
bent at the base : tew-How.
L. perfoliate.
198. CHLORA.
199. VACCINIUM.
* Leaves deciduous.
Pedunc. 1-flow : L. ovate, serrated, deciduous : stem angular.
Pedunc. 1-flow : L. obovate, very entire, smooth : branc^i cyiind.
Leaves eversreen.
"‘"Teneat™' revolute, denticulated, dotted
"smooUr^ filiform,
200. MENZIESIA.
fonn- a^^egate,
' "l^w. "ES^ahaZ:^ '-ly^ nia^
N
( 37 )
201
202
203
204
CLASS VIII. OCTANDRIA.
ORDER I. MONOGYNIA.
LIXNEAV NAMES.
ERICA.
1 vulgaris
2 Tetralix
3 cinerea
4 vagans
DAPHNE.
1 Mezereum .
2 Laureola .
ACER.
1 Pseudo-plantanusl
2 campestre
POLYGONUM.
1 ampliibium ....
2 Pwsicaria ....
3 lapathilbliiim .
4 Iljdropiper .
minus
• •
(! Bistorta ,
7 vi\i|)aruni
11 aviculare...
0 Eagopyi urn § .
10 Convolvulus .
ENGLISH NAMES,
HEATH,
common
cross-leaved
fmc-leaved...
Cornish
MEZEREON.
spurge-olive ....
spurge-laurel ..
MAPLE.
sycamore
common...
PERSICARIA.
amphibious
spotted
pale-Howered
biting
small creeping ..
snakeweed.
alpine bistort,
knotgrass ....
buck-wheat
black bind-weed
Soil
or
Situation.
Colour
of tlie
Flower.
li
3.1 5
' u.
Duration.
cl ^
■“ iO ^ i
.5^ o
Heaths
rose
*>•.7
s.
1013.
M. heath
Hesh ...
7,S
s.
1014.
Heaths
purple ..
7,«
s.
1015. ,
Heaths
red
7,3
s.
3.
Woods
rose
3,4
s.
1381.
Woods
green ...
3
s.
119.
Hedges
green ...
5
T.
303.
Hedges
green ...
5,1)
T.
304.
RIGVNIA.
Ditches
r<v<e
7,8
P.
436.
Ditches
rose
7,8
A.
7oG.
Dunghill
greenish
7,8
A.
1382.
Wat. pi.
red
9
A.
989.
Wat.com
red
’ y
)
A.
1043.
Mea. pas.
rose
0
P.
509.
Alp. pas.
Rubble
rose
greenish
^ 8,7
4-10
1
P.
A.
689.
1252.
Corn li.
flesh ..
1
'7,»
A.
1044.
Corn fi.
white ..
8,7
A.
941.
1
( 37 )
LASS VIII. OCTANDRIA. ORDER I. MONOGYNIA.
SrECIFIC CHARACTEIU
201. ERICA.
Anth. bearded, concealed : style protruded : cor. 4-parted, shorter
than the calyx : L. opposite, sjmrred.
Anth. bearded : style concealed : cor. ovate : L. in lours, ciliated : I
Kl. in round heads.
Anth. crested : style a little protruded ; stig. capitate : cor. ovate ;
L. in threes.
Anth. beardless and style protruded : cor. bell-shaped : L. in fours ;
El. axillaiy', crow ded.
202. DAPHNE.
FI. sessile in threes on the stems : L. lanceolate, deciduous.
Racemes axillary, about 5-flow ; L. lanceolate, smooth.
203. ACER.
L. 5-lobed, unecpially serrated : racemes pendulous.
L. lobed, obtuse, notched : racemes erect.
ORDER III. TRIGYNIA.
204. POLYGONUM.
* Di);i/nous.
F . pentandrous, styles 2, united half-wav up : spike ovate.
H. hexandrous: styles 2, united half-way up: spikes ovate-oblontr,
erect : ])edunc. smooth : stipulm fring-ed. ”
FI. hexandrous, digynous : pedunc. rough : stipulm not fringed : seeds
concave on bf>th sides. ”
IFI. hexandrous : styles 2 rmited half-way uj, ; L. lanceolate, undulated,
spotless : spikes hliform, nodding : stem erect.
FI. hexandrous: style undivided: L. linear-lanceolate, flat: s.iikes
nlitoim, almost erect: stem rooting at the base. *
^ ‘the petiole''’ ‘1‘^cuiTent into
I- margin revolute.
-bl. axillary L. elliptic-lanceolate, margin rough : nerves of the stiiiulEe
remote : stems prociimh. herbaceous. ^
angles of the
'"otoTrSS' stem angular, twining: segments of the calyx
t 38 )
CLASS VIII. OCTANDRIA.
ORDER IV. TETRAGYNLV
LINNEAN NAMES.
PARIS.
ENGLISH NAMES.
HERB PARIS.
Soil
or
Situation.
Colour
of the
I’lower.
Time of
Flowering-
Duration.
ssli
s ^ s
be s: a
ert
Woods
green ...
5
p.
7.
ADOXA.
MOSCHATELL.
Woods
p.
4o3.
ELATINE.
WATERWORT.
1 Hj'dropiper ...
small
Mar.lak!
wliite ...
A.
9d5.
( 38 )
tLASS VIII. 0CTAND1U.\. ORDER IV. TETRAGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Stem simple
205. PARIS.
L. four: FI. solitary.
L. biternate,
200. ADOXA.
lobetl.
L. in pairs.
207. ELATINE.
.Ai 'Vf ).
fwn/ ■ 1
■ T ,urr »!!».>( ^
.R I ,• i/jUi: j .Ilf 'ill
.r-flJl'i .}'*>’ •
. .r\uiJ't r* IVTit ..! •.•Jr- 1 1 i-nf^ T-
.. .t >^>i I
_■■ .T*v:
CLASS IX.
E N N E A N D R I A.
ORDER III. HEXAGYNIA.
200. Butomus. Cal- 0. Pet. (i. Caps. 6, many-seeded.
( 39 )
CLASS IX. ENNEANDRIA. ORDER III. HEXAGYNIA.
LINNEAN NA.MES.
BUTOMUS. FLOA
1 umbellatus
ENGLISH NAMES,
VERING RUSH.
common
Soil
or
Situation.
Colour
of the
Flower.
Time of
Flowering.
Duration.
Figure
in English
llotany.
Ditches
rose
fi,7
i>.
f)5I.
( 39 )
CLASS IX. ENXEANDRIA.
ORDER III. IIEXAGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTEH.
208. BUTOMUS.
0
li to to ».
CLASS X.
DECANDRIA.
ORDER I. MONOGYNIA.
* FL muny-pctallcd.
!)!l IMoKOTTtoPA. Pef. 10; .'i outer ones fjiliboiis at the base,
ij Fyuoi. \. Fit. h. . /af/ifjw witli 2-poros.
** Ft. \-pet. equal.
!0 Anijho:meI)a. Oir. ovate. Cn/Jv. O-celled.
11 AKliUTL’S. for. ovate, pellucid at tlie l)ase. /A’n'v .'i-celied.
Vaccinium 1, 2. Ulcnziesia 1.
ORDER 11. DIGYNIA.
21f> Sci.ERANTHUS. Cor. 0. Cn/. 1 -leaved. Stall '2.
2K> CllllY’SOSPLENlUM. f'o) . 0. Gn/. coloured. f’n/w.2-beaked. many-
seeded.
214 SaxifuaCiA. Pet. a. (W. o-parted. Gu;w. 2-b(wked, many-seeded.
210 Saponaria. Pet. b. Cal. 1-leaved, naked at the base. Caps.
oblong.
217 DiaNTHUS. Pet. o. Cal. 1-leavcd, scaly at the base. Caps.
oblong.
ORDER 111. TRIGYNIA.
221
220
222
21H
219
Caps. 1-cclled. Pet. entire, spreading.
('aps. 1-celled. Pet. 2-parted, spreading,
Caps. 1-eelled. A\etarijernus (Uan '
of the stamina. Pet. 0.
Gucubai.T'S. Jierri/ I -celled. 7\’(. 2-clett, with claws.
SiLENE. Caps.
Arexaria.
Stem.aria.
ClIEKLERIA.
lilts 5 at the base
lerrq
iinperleetly 15-celled.
Cut. I -leaved.
]‘et. 2-eleri, with
CLASS X. nECANDRIA. OUnER IV. PENTAGYNIA.
22H Cotyledon'. Caps. o. iVecI. of 5 scales at the base of the
j.'-ermen. Cur. l-pet.
224 Sediim. Caps. 5. .N'ect. of 5 scales at the base of the germen.
Cor. 5-pet.
225 OxALls. Caps. 5-celled, angular. Seeds 2, coated. Pet. united
at the base.
2-7 Lychnis. Caps. 5 or 1-celled, many-seeded. Cal. tubular, mem-
branous.
22b Aorostemma. Caps. 1-celled. Cal. tubular, coriaceous.
22« Cerastium. rn/)s. l-cellcd. Pet. 2-clcft. Col. 5-leaved.
22!( SpERGULA. Caps, l-celled. Pc/, entire. C'a/. 5-leaved.
Stellar ia b, 7.
( 40 )
20i»
210
211
CLASS X. lIKCANDniA.
OKDLK I. MOXOGYMA.
212
213
214
LIKNEAK NAMES.
MONOTROPA.
1 Hj’popitliys ...
ani)Uomf-;da.
1 poll folia
ARBUTUS.
1 Unedo
2 alpina
3 Uva-ursi
ENOEISII NAMES.
BIRD’S-XEST.
yellow
AX DROME DA.
mars 1 1
ARBUTUS.
.strawberry-tree
blaek alpine
PYROLA.
rotuiidifolia
media
1
2
3 rosea ....
4 minor....
5 sec\mda ,
6 uniHora .
Woods
Tu. bogs
Ir. rocks
Sc. moan!
red trailing ' Alp.hea.
WIXTER-GREEX.
round-leaved .
intermediate .
rose-coloured.
les.scr
serrated
sinirlcHowcred ..
Woods !
Woods
Woods
M. vvixxb
M. woods
Alp.wo.!
Colour
of the
I’lower.
Cm
C .E
if ®
Duration.
2
a 0
“ c«
.straw ...
fi
p.
09.
flesh ...
h
S.
713.
white ...
•J
s.
2377.
wlute ...
5
s.
2030.
Hesh ...
li
s.
714.
white ...
7
p.
213.
white ...
t;
p.
194 a.
ro.«?e ...
7
p.
2.-)43.
reddish
7
p.
l.’iB.
white ...
7
p.
al7.
white ...
7
p.
140.
ORDER II. DlGYXl.Y
CIIRYSOSPLEXIU.M. GOLDEX SAXIERAGE.
1 alteinihiiiiim ...
alteriu'itc-leaved
Wt.sh.p!
vellow...
5
p.
.)4.
2 oppositifolimn
oppositc-leaveil...
M'et sh.p
yellow ...
5
p.
490.
SAX I FRAG A.
V
SAXIFRAGE.
1 stellaris
hairv
Alp. riv.
while ...
0,7
p.
107.
2 nivalis
clustered alpine
Sr. alpb.
white ...
p.
440.
3 muhrosa
London pride
Mount.
Ilesh ...
t;
p.
4 hirsnta
hirsute
Ir.mount.
Ilcsh ...
i;
p.
2322.
5 Geum
kiduev-lcaved ...
■
Ir.mount.
w hite ...
t>
p.
1301.
( )
CLASS X. DECANDRIA. ORDER I. MONOGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
200. MONOTROPA.
1 FI. lateral, m ith 8-stameiis : temi. with 10.
210. ANDROMEDA.
1 Peilunc. agjjrejrate, term : L. alternate, lanceolate, rovolutc, glaucous
Iteneatli.
211. ARBUTUS.
1 Stem arhoreoiis : L. smooth, obtusely serrated : pan. tei-m : berries
many-seeded.
2 Stems procumb.: L. wrinkled, serrated.
3 Stems procuml).; L. very entire.
212. PYROLA.
1 Stamens ascending : pistil declining : raceme many-How.
2 Stain, straight : style curved downwards, elongated : stalk spiral :
raceme many-flow.
3 Stain, and pist. straight: El. racemons, drooping: pet. round, hlunt :
stalk straight.
4 Stain, and pistil straight : H. racemons, 2-seeded.
i) Raceme unilateral.
li Peduncle 1-flowered.
ORDER II. DIGYNIA.
213. CHRYSOSPLENIUM.
1 L. altcmate.
2 L. opposite.
214. SAXIFRAGA.
* Leaves undivided : stem almost naked.
1 L. serrated : stem naked, hranched : petals acute : caps, superior.
2 L. obovate, senated : stem naked : FI. clustered : caps hall'-beneath.
3 L. obovate, hluntish, cartilaginous-crenate : stem naked, panicled :
caps, superior.
4 L. oval, somewliat heart-shaped, blunt, with cartilaginous notches :
stem naked, panicled : caps, superior.
.5 L. round, kidney-shaped, tootlied, liairy : stem naked, panicled :
caps. su|K‘rior.
( 41 )
’15
•2h;
CLASS X. DECANDRIA.
ORDER II. niGYNIA.
LINNEAN NAMES.
SAXIFRAGA.
« »
fi oppositifolia ...
7 Hirculus
it aizoide.'^
»w«
9 granulata
10 cermia
11 rivularis
12 tridactylites ...
13 caespitosa
14 moschata
1 5 palmata
16 hirta
17 platypetala ...
18 clong-ella
19 hypnoides
20 pedatifida
SCLERANTHUS.
1 unnuus
2 j)erennis
SAPOXARIA.
1 officinalis
ENGLISH NAMES.
SAXIFRAGE.
pvirple
yellow marsh ..
yellow moimtain
white
droopinj; hidl)ous
alpine brook .
rue-leaved....
tufted alpine .
musky alpine.
palmate
trifid hairy.
broad petallcd ...
long- stalked
mossy cushion
pedatind
KNAWEL.
annual
perennial
SOAPWORT.
common
Soil
or
Situation.
!
1 Colour
of the
! Flowt-r.
o.=
Duration. |
t 'Sb -a
O
c
Alp. roc.
])Uiple...
4
p.
9.
yellow...
8
p.
1009.
AI|). riv.
yellow...
7,«
p.
39.
Mea.pas.
white ...
6
p.
-■.00.
Sc. alps.
wliite ...
7
p.
664.
Sc. alps.
white ...
p.
2275.
Walls...
white ...
0
A.
.501.
W. alps !
cream ...
6
p.
794.
Sc. alps !
yellow...
';,7
p.
2314.
W. alp.
white ...
.■»,6
p.
4.5.5.
Sc. alps.
white ...
5,6
p.
2291.
Alp. roc.
white ...
6
p.
2270.
Sc, alp.
white ...
p.
2277.
Alp. roc.
white ...
0,6
p.
454.
Sc. alps.
white ...
5,6
p.
2278.
San. li.
green ...
7
A.
851.
San.hea.!
green ...
10,11
p.
352.
Hedges
blush ...
p.
1060.
( 41 )
LASS X. DECANDRIA. ORDER II. DIGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTEK.
SAXIFRAGA.
** Leases undivided : stem leafy.
Stem-leaves ovate, opposite, imbricated; uppermost ciliated.
Stem-leaves lanceolate, alternate, entire, smooth : stem erect : germen
ovate, su])erior.
Stem-leaves linear, alternate, dentate-ciliated ; stem decumbent at the
base: gei men depressed, half-inferior.
**• Leaves lohed.
L. reniform, Inbed : stem panicled : root granulated.
L. palmate, petioled : stem bulbiferous : germen superior : petals
obtuse.
L. palmate, petioled ; uppermost spatulate : stem few-flow : root
fibrous : gennen half-inferior.
I., wedge-shaped, 3 or 5-cleft, alternate ; iippennost undivided: stem
panicled : germen inferior.
Radical leaves aggaegate, lleshv, linear, entire or 3-cleft, nerved
beneath : stem nearly naked, about 2-flow.
Rad. leaves aggregate, membranous, linear-lanceolate, entire or 3-cleft,
triply-nerved: stem nearly naked, about 2 -flow.
L. hairy, palmate, 5 or 3-cleft : stem leafy, panicled : petal roundish.
L. hairy, 3 or 5-cleft, lobes elliptic, acute: shoots ascending: pet.
obovate, triply nerved.
L. in 3 or 5 bristle-pointed segments : shoots procumbent : stem leafy :
pet. obovate, nearly orbicular.
L. in 3 or 5 bristle-pointed segments, fringed : pedunc. solitary, long,
1-flow: germ, inferior.
L. linear, entire or 3-cleft : shoots procumbent: stem almost naked:
petals elliptic-oblong.
Had. leaves kidney-shaped, pedate 7-lobed : FI. somewhat cymose :
pet. linear-obovate.
215. SCLERANTHUS.
Cal. of the fruit spreading, acute : stems spreading.
Cal. of the fi'uit closed, obtuse : stems procumbent-
210. SAPONARI.V
Cal, cylindrical: L. elliptic-lanceolate.
( 42 )
CLASS 'X. DECANDRIA.
ORDER 11. DIGYNIA.
,
-
UNNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
Soil
or
nation
6'B J
o.S
s
V.2 >,
= “rt
io - w
H.-r
D I ANT HUS.
I’INK.
Deptford
7,8
A.
317.
2 prulifer
proliferous
Grav.pa.!
purple...
7
A.
U.if).
»»
Walls...
7
P.
214.
7 10
P.
til.
«««
P.
02.
ORDER III. TRIGYNIA.
CUCUBALUS. BERRY CHICKWEED.
Hedges !
C,7
P.
1577.
SILENE.
CATCH FLY.
1 anglica
English
San. ti.
white ...
7
A.
1178.
2 (piirKpievulnera
vai iegated
San. ti.
hlood ...
0,7
A.
80.
nutans
Nottingham
Cal. roe.
white ...
'h7
P.
405.
7
P.
•104.
•') niaritiina
sea
Sea sli.
white ...
8,0
P.
057.
ti Olitos
Spanish
Gray, so.!
yellowish
7,8
P.
•85.
A.
<|->o
S noclillora
niy-ht-flowerinij'...
o o
San ti....
cream ...
7
A.
201.
7,8
A.
1808.
10 aeaulis
moss
So. alps
rose
p.
1081.
( 42 )
Cl. ASS X. DECANDRIA. ORDER II. DIGYNIA.
SrECIFIC CHARACTER.
217. DIANTIIUS.
* Flowers aggregate.
1 FI. fascicled : cal. .scales lanceolate, downy, equal to the tube.
2 FI. capitate: cal. scales ovate, blunt, beardless, membranous, sur-
passing the tube.
•• Flowers solttari/ : stem many-flow.
3 Cal. scales almost rhomboid, very short : pet. crenate, beardless.
4 Cal. scales mostly' 2, ovate-lanceolate, acute : L. rather obtuse, some-
what pubescent : pet. crenate.
••• Ste7n l-Jlowered., herbaceous.
5 Cal. scales roundish, short : pet. crenate, pubescent : L. rough in the
margin.
ORDER III. TRIGA'NIA.
218. CUCUBALUS.
I
219. SILENE.
1 hairy, viscid : pet. notched : F'l. lateral, erect, alternate : lower ones
when in fruit, divaricated or reflexed.
2 hairv : pet. roundish, very entire : FI. lateral, alternate, and fruit
erect.
3 FI. pan. 1-rowed, drooping: pet. cloven, segments linear : L. lanceo-
late, pubescent.
i4 FI. pan. drooping : pet. semibifid, almo.st naked : cal. smooth, with
reticulated veins, stem erect. Cucuhalus Behen., Eng. Bot.
A FI. mostly solitary, term. pet. bifid, crowned : cal. smooth, with
reticulated veins : stem decumh.
^ FI. pan. dioicoiis : pet. linear, undivided, naked. Cucitbalus, Eng.Bot.
7 Stem dichot : pet. bifid, crowned : L. soft : cal. in fruit conical, with
30 furrows.
3 Stem dichot : pot cloven, bluntly crowned : cal. with 10-angles, teeth
as long as its tube.
J Pan. dichot. clustered, many-How : pet. notched, acutely crowned :
E. up|jer cordate, smooth.
3 Stemless ; L. linear, ciliated at the base: pedunc. solitary, 1-flow:
pet. crowned.
P
CLASS X. DliCANDRiA.
ORDER III.
TRYGYNIA.
hIXNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES
0 C
2
*= i ^
C
2
i.c «
a
^ £=«
STITCHWOUT.
1
'
2
media
com. chickweed...
Cult. gr.
white ...
0
4-10
A.
637.
3
5
I P
.'in.
4
graniinea
lesser
Hed.ban
white ...
5
1*.
803.
5
glauca
glaucous marsh...
Moi.mea.
white ...
(i,7
I’-
825.
G
t)
A.
1074.
7
cerastoides
alpine
Sc. alps.
white ...
6
p.
911.
8
scapigera
raany-stalked
Sc. rivul.
white ...
6
p.
12G9.
ARENARIA.
SANDWORT.
1
6 7
P.
189.
2
trinervis
plantain-leaved ...
Woods
white ...
5,0
A.
1483.
3
serpyllifolia ...
thyme leaved ...
Walls...
white ...
8,7
A.
923.
4
rubra
purple
San. li...
purple ..
7,8
A.
832.
5
marina
sea spurrey
Sea coast
purple...
8,7
A.
958.
0
white ...
G
A.
219.
7
Mount...
white ...
0-8
P.
512.
8
I'astigiata
flat topped
Sc. moun.
white ...
G
A.
1744.
0
Ir. moun.
white ...
8
P.
1745.
CHERLERIA.
CHERLERIA.
1
Sc. alus
vcllowish
7
P.
1212.
ORDER IV. PE
NTAGYNIA.
COTYLEDON.
NAVELWORT.
1
Umbilicus
Sha. roc.
yellowish
6,7]
P.
325.
( 4.3 )
CLASS X. DKCAXUUIA. ORDEIl III. TIIIGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHAR.VCTEn.
2-20. STELLARIA.
1 L. lower cordate, petioled ; ii|)per ovate, sessile : pan. dichot.
2 L. ovate: stems i)rocuml). wilh a hairy, alternate, lateral line.
3 L. lanceolate, serrulated : pet. hifid : cal. nerveless.
4 L. linear-lanceolate, very entire : pan. terra, divaricated : cal. 3-nerved,
nearly equal to the petals.
5 L. linear-lanceolate, very entire, glaucous: pedunc. erect: cal. 3-
nerved, shorter than the petals.
f> L. elliptic-lanceolate, very entire, callous at the apex : FI. irregularly
panicled, lateral: pet. shorter than the calyx.
7 L. elhptic-oblong, ohtuse; stems generally 2-flow: cal. 1 -nerved,
pubescent.
8 Stem shorter than the pedunc : L. linear-lanceolate, rough-edged : cal.
3-nerved, the length of the petals.
221. AKENARIA.
1 L. ovate, acute, fleshy : cal. ohtuse, nerveless.
t2 L. ovate, acute, petioled, nerved : cal. keel rough, indistinctly 3-
nerved.
3 L. ovate, almost sessile, rough : cal. hairy, 5-nerved.
4 L. linear, inucronulated : stipulm membranous, sheathing : seeds com-
pressed, angular, toughish.
1 L. semicylind. fle.shy, awnless : stipula; membranous, sheathing :
seeds compressed, niarginate,*smooth.
3 L. awl-shaped, acute : stem panicled : caps, erect, 3-valved : pet.
lanceolate, shorter than the calyx.
7 L. Eiwl-shaped, rather obtuse : stem panicled : pet. obovate, longer than
the cal : cal. 3-ncrved, nerves remote, equal.
.1 L. awl-shaped : stem erect corymbose : pet. very short : cal. nerves
lateral, dilated.
9 L. spatulate, fringed at the base : stems prostrate, branched ; FI.
terra, solitary : cal. 5 or 7-nerved.
222. CHEULERIA.
ORDER IV. PENTAGYNIA.
223. COTYLEDON.
L. peltate, crenate : stem spiked, mostly simple : FI. pendulous,
root tuberous.
( 44 )
CLASS X. DECANDRIA.
ORDER IV. PENTAGYNIA.
_ O
^ V C
v i
-*
LINNEAX NA31ES.
COTYLEDON.
EXGLISII NAMES
NAVELWORT
greater yellow ...
STONECROP.
« 0 J
O'Z
Cv. o
I
2 lutca
SEDUiM.
K
Moi.roc.!
yellow...
1)
P.
1522.
1 Telephium
Orpine
Bor. of fi.
purple...
8
P.
1319.
««
2 dasvphvll'iiii ...
thick-leaved
Walls ...
white ...
(!
P.
858.
3 anglicura
English
Rocks ...
white ...
7
A.
171.
4 acre
biting
Walls...
yellow...
6
P.
839.
5 sexangulare ...
insipid
Walls !
jellow...
6,7
P.
1948.
0 villosuin
hairy
Mo.al.pl.
white ...
6,7
P
394.
7
P.
1578.
895.
15 reflexum
yellow
Walls...
yellow...
7
P.
!) glaucum
glaucous
Bar. san.
yellow...
7,8
P.
2477.
1 0 ni])ostre
rock
Rocks !
yellow...
7
P.
170.
11 Eorsterianam...
OXALIS.
Forster’s
WOOD-SORREL
Wel.roc.
yellow...
7
P.
1802.
1 Acetosella
common
Groves
llesh ...
■1,5
P.
782.
2 corniculata
AGROSTEMMA.
yellow procumb.
COCKLE.
Sha. roc.
yellow...
5-10
P.
1728.
1 Githago
LYCHNIS.
corn
CAMPION.
Corn fi.
purple...
6,7
A.
741.
1 I'los-Cuciili ...
ragged robin
Moi. niea.
rose
ii
P.
573.
2 Visoaria
German catchlly
Rocks !
rose
5,1!
P.
788.
nl[)ine
red or white
rose
d,7
P.
2204.
4 dioica
Wo.&li.
red or w
5-0
P.l
579-80.
( 44 )
LASS X. DKCANDRIA. ORDER IV. PENTAGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHAllACTER.
COTYl.EDOX.
L. crenate-toothed : lon er ones peltate : stem spiked, mostly simple :
FI. erect : root creepinfij.
224. SEDUM.
• Leaves Jlat.
L. flattisli, serrated : corymb, leafy : stem erect.
** Leaves eylinitrical.
E. opposite, ovate, obtuse, fleshy : stem weak : pan. glutinous.
L. alternate, ovate, fleshy, gibbous, sessile : cyme bifid, smooth.
1. . alternate, somewhat oiate, fleshy, gibbous, sessile: cyme trifid,
leafy.
1., subternate, somewhat cylintl. ohtuse, fleshy, sessile, spreading, im-
bricated in (i-rows : cyme trilid, leafy.
L. alternate, linear, llattish : somewhat hairy as well as the pedunc :
stem erect.
L. oblong, c\lind. obtuse, spreading, smooth : pan. much branched.
L. subulate, scattered, loose at the base ; lowermost recurved : FI.
somewhat cymose.
L. subulate, scattered, loose at the base ; those of the branches fili-
form : FI. cymose : cal. lanceolate.
L. subulate, erect, 5-rowcd, crowded, loose at the base : FI. somewhat
cymose.
L. subulate, spreading, clustered in many rows, loose at the base :
FI. cymose : cal. short, rounded.
225. OXALIS.
Scape 1-flow : E. ternatc, obcordate, hairy; root scaly .Jointed.
Stem branched, diftuse : pedunc. umbelliferous : petioles with stipulm
I at the base.
220. AGROSTEMMA.
Hairy : cal. surpassing the corolla : petals entire, naked.
227. EYCIINIS.
Pet. 4-cleft : fruit roundish, 1-celled.
Pet. undivided : fruit 5-celled.
Pet. bifid : FI. corymbose: E. linear-lanceolate.
FI. dioicous : fruit 1-celled.
( 45 )
CLASS X. DECANDRIA.
ORDER IV. PENTAGYNIA. I
V.2 >
LINNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
Soil
nr
iti.atic
Z V
c j
c — -
w Ou-
ll
CC
—
CERASTIUM. ISIfl
USE-EAR ClIICl
v.\VEED.
1
Viil^atum
broad leaved
San. pi.
white ...
4,5
A.
CO
2
viscosiim
narrow leaved ...
Pasture
white ...
5-9
P.
790.
3
semifJeoandrum
little
Walls...
white ...
4,0
A.
1830.
4
tetranclrum
tetrandrous
San. sh.
wliite ...
5,8
A.
•168.
5
field
white ...
5-8
p.
93.
6
white ...
G,7
P.
472.}
7
latifolmm
broad rough
W. alp
white ...
8
P.
473J
8
aqiialicum
water
Wat. pi.
white ...
7
P.
538.
SPERGULA.
SPURREY.
1
1
arvensis
rough seeded corn
San. fi.
white ...
7,8
A.
1535.! 1
(
2
pentandra
smooth seeded corn
San. fi.
white ...
6
A.
1536;'
3
while ...
7,8
P.
694.
4
sagiiioides
smooth awl shaped
Sc. alps
white ...
8
2105.
5
subulata
ciliated awl shaped San. hea.
wliite ...
7,8
1082.
( 45 )
^ASS X. DECANDRIA. ORDER IV. PENTAGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
228. CERASTIUM.
I; Hairy, viscid, lulled: L. ovate: pet. equal to the cal: El. longer
; than their peduncles.
1 Hairy, viscid, diffuse : L. lanceolate-oblong,
i Hairv’, viscid : I' l. pontandrous : pet. notclied.
Hairy, somewhat viscid : FI. -t-clet't, tetrandrous : pet. bifid, shorter
than the calyx. Sagina rcrustoides, Eng. Hot,
L. linear-lanceolate, obtuse, fringed at the base : pet. twice as long as
the calyx.
j L. elliptical, naked or hairy : pan. dichotomous, lew-flow, furnished
I with bractem: caps, oblong, recurved.
j- L. elliptical, rough : pedunc. term, simple, mostly solitary : caps, ovate.
L. cordate, sessile : pedunc. lateral, solitary, fruit drooping : caps,
i ovate, mouth 5-toothed.
y 229. SPERGULA.
L. verticillate : pedunc. of the Iru’t, reflexed : seeds kidney-shaped,
rough.
] L. verticillate : FI. pentandrous : seeds depressed, winged, smooth,
j L. opposite, subulate, smooth ; uppermost tufted : cal. nerveless.
I L. opposite, subulate, awnless, naked : pedunc. solitary, very long,
I smooth.
|i L. opposite, subulate, awned, fringed: pedunc. solitary, very long,
'j somewhat hairy.
i
**
.ny/x'oi.vr'd'i fi >»•■»<'«<»
./.trnV'AO.l l .X A.l'
• ixn# ^ - f
ir.tv^Li ,ltZui ,:V.| j-i .; Lh»j JwIwsok^ ..
.'.oft I «u (jiU'JjoV, ‘j-’l JO i’>
.'.oft I wj (jiU'jjoV, jc\lu'j 'j-'* Jo i’>
an >■?«>! «» 9.u</i .K«' :.<j'‘ia1 udlJi. fi-'Uvlii ..I
• I ■ .1/.)-? •- -' '
• -
f-tv^Li AtZui ■ nuciI’iurOvi ,:V.| -!• J-i : Lh»j Jwl «»<"'» , >Ui(
. >. i.-. . _ 'j „i. .. . .' '.
j J.jiliiirnil,.*< Ji.iV'j' .^•’Miui'JoiLiib Maj : nie l nr h.^MU .h- ..I
.hwrimi .■^nc'.^io n'Oj '...i «!•.*< rijir'
-tXfW : jfl'fVI .' : n','i>/» .!»UJotJ(u .J
t .yuni * Ji:nV .ytaiilLfti ..I
j .LailSootl-i (IlUu.'il ,‘jJK'fo
1 .A VSi
su .Itj : taoioxntv; » ;rirt>««if ,' s-i'jiitwa -.1
•lito: «*
fetal «»{ ifA'o’Hw . I
CLASS XL
DODECANDRI A.
ORDER I. MOXOGYNIA.
0. Asauum. Cor, 0. r'a//3-eleKt, superior. Ciqis, tj-celled.
1. I.YTitRUM. Pet. fj. C(il. 12-clert, interior.
ORDER 11. DIGVNIA.
a. .\GIHM0KIA. Pcf. fl, inserted in the calyx. Ycerf* 2, in the bottom
of the calyx.
ORDER III. TRIGYNIA.
15. Reseda. Pet. many-cleft. Caps. 1-cellcd, gaping.
B. EuptlORBlA. AYct. peltate. Cups. 3-grained, stalked.
(TETRAGYXIA.)
Turmentilla 1.
ORDER VI. DODECAGYXIA.
i. Semper vivfji. Pet. 12. Cal. 12-parted. Cups. 12,
('2
y-.-.
( 46 )
CLASS XI. DODLCAXnniA.
ORDKK I. .MOXOGYXIA.
2;{o
231
232
LIXNEAN NAMES.
ASAIIUM.
1 eulojjasum
LYTHRUM.
1 Salicaria
2 liyssopitblium...
AGRIMOXIA.
1 Eupatoria ...
ENGLISH NAMES.
ASARABACCA.
cumnioii
LYTHRUM.
Soil
or
Situation.
Colour
of the
I'loncr.
Time of
Flowering-
Duration.
Fipure
in English
Botany.
Woods !
purple...
5
p.
1083.
Riv. ban.
piirpile...
7,3
p.
1081.
Wat pi.!
purple...
8
A.
292.
p\iiple
hys.sop leaved ...
ORDER II. DIGYXIA.
AGRIMOXY. j
common |Bur. offi. yellow... (i,7 R. j 1335.
ORDER III. TRIGYXIA.
233
RESEDA.
MIGXOXETTE.
A.
320.
yellow...
7,8
A.
321.
234
EUPHORBIA.
SPURGE.
1 Peplis
purple
Sea sir.
yellow...
7,8
A.
2002.
m m
2 Peplus
petty
Cult. gr.
yellow...
7,8
A.
959.
Corn fi. !
Yellow...
7
A.
1336.
«««
Dryst.pl!
purple...
5,8
B.
2255.
»«««
5 Porllandica ...
Portland
Sea sh.
yellow...
8
P.
44L
8 paralia
sea
Sea sli.
yellow...
8,9
P.
195.
Corn fi.
vellow...
7il»
A.
883.
8 platypliylla
warty
Corn fi.!
Yellow...
7ili
A.
•333.
i
c 4(: )
LASS XI. DODECANDniA. OHDElt I. MOXOGYNIA.
SPECIl'lC CHARACTER.
2:to. ASARUM.
L. 2, renitorm, obtuse.
231. LYTIIRll.M.
L. opposite, eordute-laiieeolute : FI. spiked, {lodecandrous.
L. alternate, linear-lmieeolate : FI. axillary, solitary, liexaiidrous.
ORDER II. DIGYNIA.
232. AGRI.MOXIA.
Stem loaves pinnate ; terminating lead, petioled : fruit hispid.
ORDER III. TRIGYXIA.
233. RESEDA.
L. lanceolate, entire, Hat : calyx 4-i lei't.
L. all trilid ; lowermost pinnate : calyx t!-cleft.
234. EUPHORBIA.
* Dichotomoua.
L. entire, semi-cordate: FI. .solitary, a.xillary : stems procumbent:
caps, smooth.
** Uiiilicis trijid.
Umb. trifid : dichotomous : involuci ets ovate : L. very entire, obovate,
petioled.
Umb. trilid: dichotomous: involuciets lauceolato : L. linear.
*•* Umticlf i/uadrijid.
Umb. 4-cleft, dichot : L. opposite, sessile, entire, cordate at the lia.sc.
•••• Uinbtls o-chft.
Umb. 5-cleft : dichot : involucrets nearly cordate, concave : L. linear-
obovate, acute, smooth, spreading.
I Umb. mostly 5-cleft, bifid : involucrets cordate-reiiiform : L. cxmcave,
imbricated upwards.
1 Umb. 5-cleft, tritid, dichot; involuciets obovate: L. wedge-shaped,
serrated.
iUmb. 4 or 5-cleft, tritid, dichot: involucrets ovate-rhomboid, hairy on
the keel : L. serrulated : caps, warty. A’, stricla. Jint.
I
( -ij )
CLASS XI. DODECANDKIA. ORUEK III. TKIGYNIA.
LINNEAN NAMES.
EUPHORBIA.
ENGLISH NAMES.
SPUUGE.
1
Soil
or
Situation.
C -;i.
"3 £
Huration.
-,.2 ^
S)C 2
:-a 0
— J-ffl
leafv-brandied ...
Woods
Yellow...
p.
i3!m.
10 Cvparissias ...
Wood.s
yellow...
0,fi
p.
840.
Fields !
yellow...
yellow...
0
p.
1337.
256.
12 aiiivg’daloides
Woods
3,4
p.
13 Characias
red
Mou.pl.!
purple...
3,4
s.
442.
ORDER VI. DODECAGYXI.A.
235
SEMPER VI VUM.i HOUSE-LEEK.
1 tectorum common
Roofs ...
Hesh ...
7
P.
;:lass XI. nonECANDUiA.
ORDER III. TRIGYMA.
SPECII-IC ClIAUACTEU.
EUPHORBIA.
***** Umbels mani/~clefr,
Uinlt. many-cleft, bifid: involucrets nearly cordate: nectaries 2-horned :
I., all uniform.
Umb. many-cleft, dicbot : involucrets somewhat cordate: L. on the
barren branches setaceous ; those on the stem lanceolate.
Umb. (>-cleft, dicbot : involucrets oval : L. obtuse, very entire :
branches none : caps, u arty.
Umb. many-cleft, dicbot : involucrets perfoliate : L. obtuse, hairy :
caps, smooth.
Umb. many- cleft, dicbot : involucrets perfoliate : L. lanceolate,
clothed with very soft pubescence : caps, hairy.
ORDER VI. DODECAGYNIA.
235. SEMPERVIVUM.
L. fringed : ofl'sets spreading.
CLASS XII.
I C O S A N D R I A.
OKDKR I. MONOGYXIA.
23(J. I’lli xus. t'a/. inferior, 5-cleft. PtA. o. Z) ni pa wilh an entire
nucleus.
Cratwgun.
ORDER II. DIGYXIA.
237. CraT-EGUS. Cal. superior, 5-cleft. Pet. 5. Hern/ 2-seeded.
.Sorbun 2. J^i/run 3, 4.
ORDER III. TRIGYXIA.
233. SORBUS. Cal. su])erior, .5-cleft. Pet. 5. Berry 3-seeded.
Cratce^us. Pyriis 3, 4.
(TETRAGYXI.Y)
SorbuD 1. Pj/rus 3, 4.
ORDER IV. REXTAGYXIA.
231). MesPILUS. Cal. superior, 5-cleft. Pet. 5. Drupa 5-seeded,
concave at the top.
240. PvRus. Cal. superior, 5-cleft. Pet. 5. .Ipplc 3-celled, many-
seeded.
241. Spir.EA. Cal. inferior, 5-cleR. Pet. 5. Caps. 2-valved, many-
seeded.
Sorbiis 3.
.ASS XII. ICOSANDRIA.
OlinER V'. POLVGYNIA.
2. Rosa. Cal. .'i-clef't. Ihvcpt. Hosliy, urn-shapod, coiitraclod at the
moutli, at length berried, niaiiv-seeded. Ptt. .5.
43. Ri'RUs. Cal. rr-elel't. Bern/ superior, compound, granules
1 -seeded. Bet .5.
4(5. Toumextii.i.a. Cn!. iS-cleR. Bet. 4. .Vecr/.s naked, awnless.
48. Dryas. (Vj/. 8-10-clet't. 7'‘cf. 5)or8. .S'm/i- downy, with a long
(eathery awn.
44. Fragaria. Cn?. Itl-cleft. .SVerfs naked, smooth, fixed to S herry-
like, deciduous receptacle.
45. PoTEXTii.i.A. Cal. 10-cleft. .SVer/.v naked, wrinkled, awnless.
47. Gei'M. fW. 10-cleft. Accr/.s with a jointed awn. /ferpnf. colninnar.
4!I. CoMARUJi. Cal. 10-cleft. Seeih- nakefl, smooth ; fixed upon an
ovate, spongy, downy, permanent receptacle.
Spirera 2, 3.
( 48 )
231)
237
238
CLASS XII. ICOSAXDUIA.
OltDER I. AIOXfKiYXlA.
LIJfNEAN NAMES.
PR iJXUS.
1 Pil'IllS ...
2 Ceiifciis
3 (loiiio tii-a^ ...
4 iii.-iiLitia .
a spinosa .
ENGLISH NAAIES.
rilERRV.
bird
(•oni;nou
conmioii plum ...
bullace
slue ...
Soil
or
Situation.
Colour
oi the
Flower.
5— ti.
© =
s ^
Duration. '
>4
aC ^ w
Wood.s
white ...
5
T.
1383.
Woods
wliite ...
5
r.
Hedges
wliit(“ ...
4
T.
783.
Iled^^es
white ...
4
T.
841.
Ilcdjjes
wliite ...
3,4
s.
842.
CHAT EG PS.
1 Oxyacaiitlia
SO R HITS.
ORDER III. TRIGYXIA.
i MOUXTAIX-ASH.
aui'upai'ia | ('ominoii
bybrida i bastard
domestica ' true service
M.wouils
1 Rocks !
ORDER IV'. PEXTAGYXIA.
ORDER n. DIGYXIA.
IIAWTHORX. I I
common I Hedires I while ...
I
5,1! I T. ‘2o04,
white ...
5 : T.
337.
white ...
5 j T.
•2331.
white ...
5 1 T.
•3a0.
23!»
MESPILCS.
MEDLAR.
1 germaiiica^ ...
common
Hedges!
white ...
o
T.
240
PYRL'S.
PEAR.
1 coniinunis
Woods
4
T.
2 Mai us
4,0
3 tormiualis
wild service
\V oods
white ...
4,0
r.
4 Aria
white Beam
M. woods
white ...
0
T.
1523.
1/84.
17!14
233.
13 VI
u
( 48 )
CLASS XII. ICOSANDUIA.
ORDER I. MONOGYNIA.
SPECIFIC character.
23fj. PRUNUS.
I FI. in pendulous racemes : L. deciduous, witli two glands at the base
on the under surface.
” U'R^els almost sessile; L. ovate-lanceolate, folded when young.
' Pedunc. mostly solitary : L. lanceolate-ovate, convolute : branches
spineless.
Pedimc. in pairs: L. lanceolate-ovate, convolute, downy beneath:
branches ending in a spine.
Pedunc. solitary : L. lanceolate, smooth : branches spinous.
ORDER II. DIGYNIA.
237. CRAT.EGUS.
Spinous: L. obtu^, mostly trifid, serrated, smooth : FI. 1 to 3 stvles
MespUus, Eng. Bot. ■'
ORDER III. TRIGYNIA.
238. SORBUS.
L. pinnate, smooth cm both sides : FI. corymbose
L. pinnate, downy beneath : FI. panicled. Pprus, Eng. Bot.
ORDER IV. PENTAGYNIA.
239. MESPILUS.
^""'"tiinai. ‘""’^ntous, beneath : FI. solitary, sessile,
240. PYRUS.
L. ovate, serrated : peduncles corymbose.
L. ovate-oblong, serrated: Umbels simple, sessile.
L. somewhat cordate, serrated, 7-lobed, lower lobes divaricatine- •
FI. corymbose. Crata-gun, Eng. Bot. ^ aritaring .
‘"’''^s^fylaro Momentous beneath: FI. corymbose;
n
( 4.9 )
CLAS.S XII. ICOSANDRIA.
ORDER IV. PENTAGYNIA.
— .s
IT Cl
c .s
3
LINXEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NA31ES.
O 2 :S
c ^
^ *5
cW
SPIRAEA.
SPIRAEA.
1
salicifolia
willow-leaved ...
IVIoi.lied.
ro.se
7
s.
1408.
2
Filipendula ...
drop wort
M. past.
white ...
7
p.
284.
3
Ulmaria
meadow-sweet ...
Moi. raea.
white ...
p.
000.
ORDER V. POLYGYNIA.
ROSA.
ROSE.
A.
m
1
cinnamoinea ...
Woods !
5
s.
2388.
2
nihella
red li uited dwarf
Sea sli.!
blush ...
7
s.
2521.
3
spinosissima ...
Scottish
San. hea.
white ...
7
s.
187.
4
involiita
Dr. Walker’s ...
Sc. Isles
blush ...
6
s.
2008.
5
(i
s.
U
c
s.
•583.
7
Highl.va.
0
s.
B.
•
1
t!
Highl.va.
rod
0
s.
•2450. :
mm
!)
scabriuscula ...
rougliish leaved
Thickets
blush ...
0
s.
1806. : >
10
heterophjila ...
various-leaved ...
Sc. wo.!
Tarie^...
(i
s.
( 49 )
'LASS XII. ICOSAXDRTA.
ORDER IV. PRXT.A.GYXIA.
SPECIFIC CHAHACTER.
241. SPIR.EA.
L. lanceolato, cilnise, serrated, siiinotli : racemes term. comt)Ound.
L. inten upteiily pinnate ; leaf), uniform, serrated, .smooth : stem
herbaceous: hi. cymose, with many styles.
L. interru[)tedi\ pinnate, tomenlous beneath; teiniinal leaflet larirest
andlobed : FI. cyraose, witli many styles.
ORDER V. POLVGYXIA.
242. ROS.A..
IPbof/s, Tr. Linn. Sue. XII. p. I74.
A. Stems beset with setee or bristles.
* Setep. deciduous ; bracteate.
^''‘^'’‘pet d!r'’“''‘" ' straight : cal. simple, longer tJian the
*• .Seta permanent : uiitbout bractea.
Recept. urn-shaped : prickles lew, slender, nearly equal : leaf!, simply
serrated. -j i i j
nimierous, very unequal: leafl. simply
crowded : leatl. doubly serrated, smooth
Recept. globular : prickles straight, unequal : leafl. doubly serrated,
hairy on both sides : cal. simple. ' ’
Recept. globular : prickles large, hooked: leafl. doublv serrated, hairy
on both sides : cal. mostly simple. li. villosa, A'ng. Bot. ^
Recept. globular: pric.iles straight, unequal: leafl. donhlv serrated ;
cal. segments divided.
B. Stems leitnout seta : prickles^traigbt.
* Colj/x simple.
Hecept. neaily globular: leall. broad-elliptical, doubly serrated
downy : bracteae elliptical. li. mollis. Eng. Hot. ^
** Calpx nceirly simple.
L
( 50 )
CLASS XII. ICUSANDRIA.
OKDliU V. ROLYGYMA.
to i
c
CJ U
o.E ‘
linnean names.
ENGLISH NAMES.
S£ i
^ ^ 1
'Jj 5
- o
c ^
ROSA.
ROSE.
«««
11
polchetia
12
tomentosa ...
downy leaved ...
Hedges
rose
6.7
13
auda
.smooth leaved ...
Road si. !
C.
«
14
ejjianteria......
15
raicrantlia ...
small flow. s. briar
Thiekets
pale
6,7
16
7
17
c»sia
glaiieovis leaved...
Higbl.va.
flesh ...
7
18
sarmentacea
straj^^linj^
Hedges
flesh ...
19
bractescens ...
larg-e floral leaved
Hodges !
flesh ...
20
21
liill
22
Ilibomica ...
Irish
Ir. think.
hlu.sh ...
6-11
23
Hesh ...
6
•
24
large-shooted ...
Hedges
««
25
sy.styla
rough stalked ...
Thickets
Hesh ...
7
26
arvensis
white field
Hedges
wliite ...
6,7
1
.1 S.
^ w
o
'J90.
•yyi.
24110.
*2o7'J.
2367.
2I1I6.
lt!)2.
1605.
168.
( •'30 )
LASS XII. ICOSANDKIA.
ORDER V. POLYGYNIA.
SrECIiaC CHAKACTER.
ROSA.
••• Calyx compound.
Rerppt. oboTate, smooth : leaH. doubly serratwl : cal. pinnate : pet.
ereiiate.
2 Recept. elliptical, somewhat bristly: leafl. doubly seiTated : bracte®
elliptical : pet. entire.
'3 Recept. globular, smooth: lead, simply serrated, smooth.
C. Stems loithout setts : prickles hooked.
• Styles distinct.
Recept. ohovate, bristly : prickles unequal, the largest hooked :
lead, hairy, glandular beneath, doubly serrated. H. rubiginosa.,
Eng. Bot.
Recept. elliptical, bristly : prickles nearly equal, all hooked : lead.
hairj', glandular beneath, doubly serrated.
Recept. elliptical, smooth : lead, hairv, doubly serrated, scarcely
glandular i cal. closely pinnate, with broad leadts. R. dvme-
torum, Eng. Bot.
Recept. elliptical, smooth : lead, haii y, doubly serrated, scarcely^
glandular : cal. widely pinnate, with linear leadts.
Recept. ovate, smooth : lead, doublj' semited, very smooth.
Recept. globular, smooth : lead, simply serrated, hairy above, tomen-
tous beneath : bracteae large, ovate, extending beyond the fruit.
Recept. elliptical, smooth, extending beyond the bracteae : lead.
simply serrated, haJiT on both siiles.
Recept. elliptical smooth: prickles nearly equal: lead, simply ser-
rated, hairy beneath, smooth altove.
Recept. nearly glohidar : prickles unecpial: lead, simply serrate<l,
hairy beneath, smooth above.
Recept. elliptical, smooth : lead, keeled, simply .serrated, very
smooth : leaf-stalks with falcate prickles.
Recept. ovate, smooth : lead, dat : simply serrated, smooth : leaf-
stalks with uncinate prickles.
. o
•• Styles united.
Recept. oblong, smooth : shoots nearly erect, with
crowded prickles : lealL heeled, simply serrated.
Eng. Bot.
Recept. ovate or nearly globular : shoots trailing, with scattered
prickles : lead, dat, unequally serrated.
very large
R. collinti.
( 61 )
CLASS XII. ICOSANDIIIA.
ORDER V. POLYGYNIA.
21 :i
244
24, >
LIXNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
^ c
l°|
- 6
^
O or:
- ?
Duration.
1
-,.2 >»
RURUS.
BRAMBLE.
I
raspherry
M. wo.
white ...
.5,8
s.
2442.
2
Woods
white ...
8
s.
2572.
826.
3
dewberry
Iiazle leaved
Bor. ol li.
white ...
8,7
s.
4
corylifolius
Hedges
w bite ...
7
s.
827.
5
Hedges
M. wo.
blush ...
7,8
S.
715.
(i
white ...
8
p.
22.83.
7
arc tic us
dwarf crimson ...
Ali).roe.!
lose
5,8
p.
1585.
fi
Chainaenionis...
cloud-beny
Mount.
white ...
8
p.
718.
FRAGARIA.
STRAVCBERRY
1
2
Woods
white ...
p.
1524.
Woods !
white ...
8,9
p.
2197.
1785.
a
Bar. p.as.
•
wiiitc ...
p.
POTENTILLA.
CINQUEFOIL.
I
fniticosa
slinibltv
M. biis.pl.
vellow...
8
s.
88.
2
anserina
silver weed
Moi. mea.
yellow...
'h7
p.
881.
a
Alp.roc.!
white ...
8,7
p.
2058.
4
Grav. pa.
Sc. alps
yellow...
yellow ...
8
p.
89.
5
p.
581.
(i
venui
H igh pas.
vellow...
4,5
p.
87. 1
7
opaca
saw leaved
Sc. alps
yellow...
8
p.
2 149. 1
8
all)a
Vi'. alps
Mea.pas.
white ...
7,8
p.
i:i84.J
!(
reptans
common ci'eepinp;’
vellow ...
8-8
p.
882.1 1
^ASS XllJ ICOSANDHIA.
OUDF.ll V. POLYGYNIA.
Sl’ECIFIC CHAUACTEU.
243. RUBUS.
L. pimiiifo, with 5 or 3 loath downy beneath: petioles cltannelled :
stem pi iekly.
L. pinnate, with or 7 ovate loafl. liairv beneath ; upper ones ternate :
stoms,aseendini^. witli small nearlj' straight prickles.
L. ternate, liairy heneatli ; lateral ones 2-lobed: stem prickly, pros-
trate, glaucous.
L. mostly quinate, hairy heneatli ; lateral ones sessile : prickles
straightish : calyx of' the fruit reitexed.
L. mostly quinate, tnmentous beneath : lead, petioled : prickles
hoo'sed : stem angular : calyx retlexed.
L. ternate, smoothish : runners creeping, herbaceous : pan. few-How .
L. ternate, smooth : stem unarmed, 1-ttovv.
L. simple, lobed: stem unarmed, 1-flow : calyx -segments ovate.
244. FRAGAIUA.
Runners creeping : hairs of the pedicles close-pressed, silky.
Cal. of the fruit retlexed: hairs of the petioles and pedunc. all widely
sjireading.
Stem decumbent : flowering branches weak, sometimes 2-tlow.
24r». POTENTIl.LA,
* Leaven pinnate.
L. pinnate : stem shnihby.
X.. interniptedly pinnate, serrated, silky beneath : stem creeping :
pedunc. l-How'.
IL. lyrate-piunate, in sevens, fives, and threes : leatl. ovate, serrated,
hairy : stem erect.
I.. quinate, wedge-shaped, jagged, downy beneath : stem erect.
Radical leaves quinate, olmvate, deeply serrated, hairy, somewhat
membranaceous; those on the stem ternate ; stem almost erect.
Radical leaves quinate, wedge-shaped, serrated, marked with lines,
tiinged, somewhat coriaceous: stem-leaves ternate: stem re-
I dining.
.. radical of 7 linear wedgc-shapivl, seiTatcd lead : stems decumbent,
with opposite ternate leaves.
quinate, .silky beneaUi, converging-serrated at tlte apex : stems
filiform, procumb : recejitacle very hairy.
..quinate, ohovate, serrated: stem creeping : pedunc. l-tlow.
2t(i
247
248
249
( 52 )
CLASS XII. ICOSANnUI.A. OKOEK V. POLYGYNIA.
I
_ §
t: V iS
C
. « .
LINNEAN NAMES.
EKOMSH NAMES.
t? O 3
_o W >
o ^
= $
2
s oo C
^ s 2
^ W 0
:
X
‘
PM'rrNTTIT I A
CINQUEFOIL.
«««
10 fridentata
trifid leaved
Sc. alps.
white ...
0,ij
P.
2389.
TORMEXTILLA.
TORMENTIL.
'*,7
P.
863.
2 rcptaii.s
trailin'^
.Mciu pas.
yellow...
B,7
l\
864,
GEUM.
AVENS.
5-8
P
1400.
reddish
6,7
P.
lOfi.
DRY AS.
MOUNTAIN A
YENS.
1 octopetala
common
Alp. roc.
white ...
7,8
P.
451.
COMARUM.
MARSH CTNQl
iRFOIL.
1
I palustre
common
purple...
6,7
P. !
172.
LASS XII. ICOSAXnUIA.
ORDER V. POLYGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CIIAIIACTER.
POTENTILLA.
Leaves ternate.
L. ternate, wedge-sliaped, smootli above, hairy beneatli, trifid at the
tips.
■240. TORMEXTILLA.
Stem rather erect, branched: L. sessile.
Stem prostrate, simple : L. petioled.
247. GEUM.
L. ternate : stipulac roundish, cut : El. erect : awns hooked, naked.
Radical leaves lyrate : stipulm ovate, acute, cut : b'l. nodding ; awns
twisted, feathered.
248. DRYAS.
Eight-i)etalled : L. simple, serrated.
249. COM ARUM.
CLASS XlII.
POLY A N D R I A.
ORDER I. MOXOGYNIA. * •• *•*
* A-pttalled.
253. Papaver. Cal. 2-leave<l. Caps. 1-celled, 0|)eiiing' with pores
under tlie crown of the stigma.
251. Chelidon'IUIM. Co/. 2-leaved. Si/h/oe 1-celled. Yecf/A crested.
252. Glaucium. Co/. 2-leaved. AV//(/oe 2-celled. .SVcf/.v dotted.
250. Act^a. Co/. 4-leaved. 1-celled. Seeds i\al, placed in a
double order.
Cistus 1.
•• 5-petalled.
257. Cistus. Caps. 3-valved, opening at the apex. Cal. 5-leaved,
2-leaHets smaller than the rest.
256. Tilia. Caps. 5-valved, opening at the base, coriaceous. CaL
5-parted, deciduous.
Delphinium 1.
*•* JMuny-pctallcd.
254. Nympii^a. 2?crr(/ mauy-celled, with a bark-like coat. Cal. A-b-
leaved, larger than the petals. Pet. inserted
into the germea. Stig. bearing the Xectury.
256, Nuphar. Derry iiiany-celled. Cal. S-li-leaved. Pet. inserted
with the stamens into the recept. and bearing
honey at their backs.
ORDER 111. TRIGYNIA.
2511. P/F.OKIA. Cal. 5-leaved. Pet. 5. Style 0. Caps, nmny-seeded.
250. Delphiniuji. Co/. 0. Pet. b; uppermost horn-shaped. A cct.
2-cleft, .sessile.
Jkscda 1. Ilelleborus.
LASS XIII. I’OLYANDRIA.
ORnEH V. PEXTAGYNIA.
i iO. Auuilegia. Cal. 0. 5. A'fct. 5, horn shaped below.
ORDER VI. HEXAGYNIA.
lil. StraTIOTES. Spatha ■2-lpnve(l. Ptriiinthium superior, 3..r-left.
Pet. 3. Berry (i-celled.
ODER VII. rOLYGYNIA.
Tiiai.ictrusi. Cal. 0. Pet. 4-0. Sevdn tailless.
Clesi-VTIs. Cal. 0. Pet. 4-1!. .S’cef/.s tailed. liecept. capitate.
l2. Akesione. Cal. 0. Pet. o-H. See(h numerous.
It). Heli.eborus. Cal. 0. Pet. o. persisting. AYct. tubular, 2-lipped.
111. CaLTHA. Cal. 0. Pet. T), Nect. 0.
IH. TitoLl.irs. Cal. 0. Pet. 14. Nect. flattened,
pj. RAVUXCL'l.t'S. Cal. o-leaved. Pet. o, with a nectariferous claw.
Seeds numerous, naked.
FiCART.t. Cal. mostly 3-leaved, deciduous. Pet. 8-12, with a nec-
tariferous pore aljove the claw, closed by a
notched scale.
Anoxis. Co/. 5-leaved. Pet. 5-10, destitute of nectaries. Seeds
numerous, naked.
( 5:j )
s/
250
251
252
253
254
255
250
CLASS XHI. POLYANDRIA.
OUDLK I. iMONOGYNlA.
LINNEAN NAJIES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
ACTiEA. HERB-CHRISTOPHEH
1 spicata common
CIIELIDONIUM. CELANDINE.
1 niajiis common
GLAUCIUM. HORN-POPPY.
1 luteum yellow
2 phoeniceiim-1- ...
3 violaceum
PAPAVER.
«
1 hj’biidum .
2 Argemone .
3 dubium ....
4 Rbceas
5 somnif’enmi
0 cambricum..
NYMPILEA.
1 alba
NUPIIAR.
1 bitea
2 minima
TILIA.
1 europma
2 parvilolia
scarlet
violet ..
POPPY.
mongrel
long rough beaded
long smooth beaded
common red
white ..
yellow
WATEK-LIl-Y
white
common,
least ....
LIME-TREE,
common
small-leaved
Soil
or
Situation.
Colour
of llie
1 lowor.
1
- ^
_c
' biU
Duration.
= ac:
tcC
AI. wo,!
white ...
5,ti
p.
318.
Sba. la.
yellow...
5,f)
p.
l.'iBl.
San. sb.
yellow...
7,8
B.
•8.
San. 11.
red
8,7
A.
1 133.
dial. fi. !
violet ...
5,8
A.
•201.
dial, ti.!
scarlet...
7
A.
43.
Corn ti.
scarlet...
8,7
A.
(i43.
San. ti.
scarlet...
8,7
A.
844.
Corn b.
scarlet...
8,7
A.
(i45.
Com fi.
white ...
7
A.
214.i.
Alp. roc.
yellow...
8
P.
(I(i.
Riv. &.C.
white ...
7
P.
IfiO.
IR-LILY
PoolscYc.
yellow...
7
P.
•l.-i9.
Alp. lak.
yellow...
7
P.
2201
Woods
vellowisli
7
T.
tilO.
Woods
yellowish
!!
r.
1705
( 53 )
LASS XIII. POLYANDllIA.
OHDEi; I. MONOGVNIA.
Raceme ovate.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
2d0. AClMiA.
251. CHELIDONIUM.
2.i2. GLAUCIUM.
Stem smooth : L. on the stem sinuatefl: siliciiie covered with ronj^hish
tubercles. CheJidoniuin Glaurium, En:;. Hot.
Stem hispid : L. on the stem pinnatitid, jamed : siliijue bristly.
L. bipinnatifid, linear, smooth : stem smootn : siliqiies 3-valved.
Chclidonium Hybridum. Eng. Bot.
253. PAPAVER.
* Cnpsvies hispid.
Caps, almost globular, fiirrowed, bristly : stem leafy, many-flow.
Caps, club-shaped, hispid : .Slem leafy, raany-flovv.
** Capsules smooth.
Caps, smooth, oblong : stem many-flow. hairy : bristles on the pednne.
appressed : L. bipinnatifid.
Caps, smooth, almost globular : stem many-flow. bristly : all the
bristles spreading: L. pinnatifid, jagged.
Cal. and caps, smooth : L. embracing the stem, jagged, glaucous.
Caps, smooth, oblong, beaked : stem many-flow. sraoothish : L.
pinnate, jaggeiL
254. XYMPHdSA.
L. cordate, very entire, even beneath: pet. elliptic-oblong: .stig.
Ifi-cleft, recurved : root horizontal.
2.55. XUPHAR.
Cal. 5-leaved : stig. entire: petioles 2-edged : L. heart-shaped, with
the lobes approximating.
Cal. u-leaved : stig. toothed : petioles 2-edged : L. heart-shaped, with
the lobes ratlier distant.
2.ifi. TIl.IA.
FI. destitute of a nectary: L. cordate; ramification of their veins
villous beneath : caps, angular, woodj'.
FI. destitute of a nectary : L. cordate, acutely serrated, somewhat
lobed : caps, roiimfish, thin.
( .54 )
2o7
25!’)
25!)
2(!()
2)!1
CLASS XIII. POLYANDUIA.
ORDER L MOXOGYXIA.
_
.... .
—
—
—
— — .
c
*3 •
LINNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
c 0
(/5 3
c •= 5
o--_ o
O ^
f3
CISTUS.
Q
1 mariloliiis
hoary dwarf
Alp. roc!
yellow...
.5,fi
S.
390.
.s|X)tted Howered
lediiin-leaved
San pas!
San pas!
0,7
A.
544.
f ■ ■
ledifoliiis
yellow...
0,7
A.
2414.
4 .sHrrejanus ......
dotted leaved
Chal.hil !
yellow...
7,8
S.
2207.
5 Ileliantlipimim
common dwarf ...
Grav. ban
yellow...
7,8
S.
1.321.
(i tomentosus ...
downy
Sc. alps
yellow...
7
s.
2208.
7 polilblius
white mountain...
downs !
white ...
0,7
s.
1322.
O
ORDER III. TRIGYXIA.
P.EONIA.
PyEONY.
Sev. isles
crimson
5,0
p.
1513.
np.LPHIXIUM.
LARKSPUR.
1 Coiisolida
field
San. fi.
violet ...
0,7
A.
18.39.
OPiDKH V. PEXTAGYXIA.
AQUILROIA.
COLUMRINE.
1
Mea.pas
exagy:
\ iulet....
7
i u.
297.
ORDER VI. 11
VIA.
STRATIOPFS.
WATER-SOLDIER.
1
1 alo'uips
Ditches
white ...
p.
1 ^
I '
ASS XIII. POLYANDRIA. OlinKR I. INIONOGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
257. CISTUS.
Shrabbj' : witbmit stipulae : L. opposite, petiolod, oblong, Hat, to-
iiiciitous bcneatli.
Herbaceous : witbout stipulae : L. opposite, lanceolate, S-nerved :
racemes mostly naked.
Herbaceous : with stipiilm, downy : L. lanceolate, peduncles erect,
shorter tiiaii the calyx.
’Sbrubbv: procumbent, with stipiila? : L. ovate-oblong, bairy, and
dotted benealb : pet. lanceolate : stain, not longer tban tbe
frerm.
■Sbrubby : procumbent, with sti|mla> : L. elliptic-oblong, boary with
bail's beneath.
■Shrubby: procumbent, w'tb stipnla? : L. elliptic-oblong, beneath white
and downy, with starry pubescence.
■Shrubby : procumbent, with stipula; : pubescence starry ; L. oblong,
revolute, w hite and downy.
ORDER III. TRIGYNIA,
258. P.EONIA.
-.eafl. distinct, ovate, flattisb, smooth, the intermediate one lobed :
seed-vessels downy, recurved.
258. DELPHINIUM.
Haps, solitary: nect. 1 -leaved : stem subdivided.
ORDER V. PENTAGYNIA.
280. AQUILEGIA.
Nect. incurved, scarcel3' equal to the petals : stem and leave.s smooth.
ORDER VI. HEXAGYNIA.
281. STRATIOTES.
... ensiform-triangular, sharply serrated.
( 5o )
•2(12
2(13
234
2)!a
26(1
CLASS Xlfl. POLYANOKIA.
ORDER VII. POLYGYNIA.
HXNEAN NAMES.
ANEMONE.
1 Pulsatilla
2 iieniorosa
3 aponniim
4 ranunculoides
CLEMATIS.
1 Vilalljti
TIIALICTRUM.
1 alpiauin
2 minus
3 majus
4 flavura
ADONIS.
1 autumnal is
RANUNCULCS.
1 E'lammula
2 Liiij^ua
3 g'vamiueus
*»
4 auricomus
a scoleratus
(i alpestiis
7 bulbosus
ft birsutiis
MEADO\V-RUE
alpine
lesser
yreater
ENGLISH NAMES,
anemone:.
pasque Hiiwer ...
WDOtl
blue mountain ..
yellon’ wood
Clial. pa.
Woods
Woods !
Woods !
TRAVELLER’S .JOY.
common Hedg'es
Bo- nnm.
dial. pa.
M. tliick.
common Moi.mea.
peieasant’s eye.
corn Corn fi.
CROWFOOT.
lesser spear-wort
great spear-wort
grassy
wood .
water .
alpine.
bulbous
pale bairy
Wat. pi.
iMud. dit.
Alp. mca.
Woods
Wat. j)l.
Alp. nv.
^lea. pas.
Rubble
Colour
ol' the
Mower.
Time of
Flowering.!
C
C3
violet ...
4,5
P.
white ...
4
P.
blue
4
P.
yellow...
4
P.
white ...
7
s.
white ...
8
p.
purpleisb
8,7
p.
greenish
8,7
p.
ochre ...
7
p.
crimson
5-10
A.
yellow...
8-9
P.
yellow...
7
P.
yellow...
5,8
P.
yellow...
4,5
P.
yellow...
f>-8
A.
white ...
5
P.
yellow...
5
P.
yellow...
8-10
A.
S;- >1
S !S0Z
hO — 3
dl.
355.
10B2.
1484
C12,
282,
11.
811,
367^
3oa
1
387.1
10ft
2306.
824
881.
2396.
514
1564
(, 65 )
>ASS Xlll. POLYANDHIA. ORDER VII. POI.YGYNIA.
Sl’EClFIC CHARACTER.
2(i-2. ANEMONE.
Stalk involuoreil, I -flow: petals erect: L. bipinnate, cut: seeds
tailed.
Stalk involuered, l-How : invol. 3-leaved, petioled, leafy : seeds
tailless : leatl. lohed.
Stalk involuered, 1-flow : invol. 3-leaved, petioled, leafy : seeds
tailless : petals lanceolate, numerous.
Stalk involuered, mostly 2-flow : invol. 3-leaved, almost sessile, leafy:
seeds tailless : petals 5, elliptical.
2(13. CLEMATIS.
L. pinaate: lead, cordate : petioles twininj^.
264. THALICTRUM.
Stem very simple, almost naked : raceme simple, terminal.
L. tripinnate ; lp;ifl. trifid, glaucous: FI. panicled, drooping.
L. tripinnate; lead. lol)ed : brandies of tlie pan. crowded, somewhat
nmbelled : FI. droo|)ing.
L. bipinnate ; lead, trifid : stem furrowed : pan. much branched, com-
pact : FI. erect.
2(15. ADONIS.
Petals about 8, concave, eraarginate : fruit ovate.
2G6. RANUNCULUS.
* Leaves simple.
L. ovate-lanceolate, rather obtuse, petioled ; stem declining.
X.. lanceolate, acuminate : stem erect, many-flow.
.. linear-lanceolate, many-nerved, sessile : stem erect, few-dow. very
smooth.
•* Leaves dissected and divided.
ladical leaves reniform, 3-parted, crenate : stem leaves digitate,
linear : stem raany-dow : calyx coloured.
-.ower leaves palmate; upper digitate : fruit oblong.
. smooth, subcordate, 3-parled, lobed : stem mostly 1-dow. with
one lanceolate entire leaf.
al. redexed : pedunc. funowed : stem erect, many-dow : L. compound :
root hulbous.
al. reflexed, acuminate : stem erect, many-flow. hairv : L. ternate :
root fibrous : seeds tuberculated.
'F
( 5r, )
207
268
20t)
270
CLASS XIII. POLYANDRIA.
ORDER VII. POLYGYNIA.
LINNEAN NAlvrES.
RANUNCULUS.
9 repens
10 acris
11 arvensis....
12 parviflorus.
13 liederaceus
14 aquatilis
FICARIA.
I vema .
TROLLIUS.
1 europaeus ...
HELLEBORUS.
1 viridis
2 f'cetidus
CALTHA.
1 palustris ..
2 radicans
ENGLISH NAMES.
CROWFOOT.
creeping’
upright meadow
corn
•small flowered
ivy leaved
white floating ...
PILE-WORT,
— o
■5
Mea. pas.
Mea.pas.
Corn fi.
Grav. pi.
Wat. pi
Ditches
Hed. ban.
GLOBE-FLOWER.
common
HELLEBORE.
green ....
stinking .
Groves
Woods !
Cha. pa.
MARSH-MARYGOLD.
Marshes
Sc. mar.
common .
creeping.
a Cj
yellow.
j’ellow.
yellow.,
yellow.,
white .,
white .,
yellow.
yellow.
yellow.
51 U.
052.
yellow...! 5,0 P.
green
green ,
*.584
2a
TBotany.
f 56 )
.ASS XIII. POLYANDRIA.
ORDER VII. POLYGYNIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
RANUNCULUS.
Cal. spreading: pednnc. furrowed: runners creeping : L. compound.
Cal. spreading : pedunc. cylind: L. 3-parted-niany-cleH ; upper ones
linear.
Seeds prickly ; L. d-cleft-decompound ; segments linear.
Seeds prickly ? prickles hooked : L. simple ; segments acute, hairy :
stem diffuse.
L. reniform-rouiidish, 3 or 5-lol)ed, very entire, smootli : stem
creeping.
L. under-water capillary ; tliose above somewhat peltate.
207. FICARIA.
Hudson. De Candolle.
Root grumous : stem leafy : L. cordate. Uanunculus Ficaria. Eng.
Bot.
268. TROLLIUS.
I Cor. converging : nectaries the length of the stamina.
269. HELLEBORUS.
[■Stem many-flow. leafy : L. digitate : petals spreading.
I^Stem many-flow. leafy : L. pedate : [)etals converging.
270. CALTH4.
I IL. cordate : stem erect.
I IL. triangular, subcordate, sharply crenate : stem creeping.
CLASS XIV.
D I D y N A M I xV.
ORDER I. GYMNOSPERMIA. • •*
• Cali/xes mostly 5-ckJ't.
2!)4. Leonurus. Anthem sprinkled with bonev dots.
27fi. Gi.echoma. Anth. each pair forniinif across.
275. Mentha. Filaments distant, straight. Cor. ncaiiv regular,
4-cleft.
272. Teucrium. Cor. upper lip 2-parted beyond the base.
271. Ajuga. Cor. upper lip very small, and shorter than the stain.
200. Betonica. Cor. upper lip flat, ascending, tube cylindrical. Stain.
as long as the throat.
277. LAJriusr. Cor. throat toothed on both sides.
2711. Galeopsis. Cor. lower lip with two teeth above.
2711. Galeordolon. Cor. lower lip 3-cleft, segments acute.
281. Stachys. Cor. lower lip reflexed at the sides. A'fn in. reflected to
the sides, after shedding their pollen.
273. Nepeta. Cor. lower lip crenate ; throat with the margin reflexed.
282. Ballota. Cat. 10-striated. Cor. upper lip arched.
283. Marrubium. Co/. 10-striated. Cor. upper lip straight, 2-cleft.
274. Verbena. Ca/. 1 tootli truncated. Cor. nearly equal, curved.
•* Calyxes 2-lippcd.
2!lft. Scutellaria. Cal. when in fruit covered with a lid.
287. Thymus. Caf. throat closed with soft hairs. Cor. upper lip flat,
notched.
288. Melissa. Cal. scariose, flattish above, upper lip with 3 level-
pointed teeth. Cor. upper lip arched, cloven.
2111. Prunella. Filaments all 2-forked at the apex.
288. Origanum. Calyxes collected, by imbricated bractea?, into a
spicate, 4-angular cone.
285. Cl.lNOPODlUM. Involucrum many-bristled, collecting the caljTtes.
281). Melittis. Cn^. wider than the tube of the corolla. Cor. upper
lip flat. Anth. crossed.
.ASS XIV. DIDYNAMIA.
ORDER II. ANGiOSPERMIA.
* Calt/xes A-cleft.
LaTHR.Ta. Cap.i. 1-celled. G/njirf undor tl\e gormen.
Raktsia. •2-celled. Aeer/« angular.
Rhinantiius. Cn;)s. 2-telled. Aced.v compressed flat, imbricated.
INIelampyuuai. Caps. 2-cellcd. Seeds 2, gibbous, sliiniiig.
Euphuasia. Caps. 2-celled. Seeds striated. .Inth. s])iiious.
■* Caly.xes 5-cleft.
Limosella. Caps, impcrf'ctly 2-celled. Cor. bell-sbaped, nearly
erpial.
ScROrilULAlilA. Caps. 2-celled. for. reversed, lip witb an
intennediate segment vvitbin.
SiBTHORPlA. Caps. 2-celled, witb transverse partitions, for.
nearly wheel-shaped. Stam. each pair approxi-
mate.
Digitalis, fops. 2-celled. for. bell-shaped, ventricose beneath.
Linaria. Caps. 2-celled, distended, for. mouth closed by the
palate, with a nectaril'erons spur at the base.
Antiruiiinu JI. Caps. 2-eelled. Cor. mouth closed by the
palate, without a spur, bulging at the base.
Pedicularis. Caps. 2-celled. Acerfs mucronate. for. personate ;
helmet compressed.
LiNNiEA. Berry 3-celled, dry. for. bell-shaped. Cal. superior.
••• Cal. 2-leavcd.
Orobancue. Cal. leaflets lateral, lobed. Caps. 1-cellcd.
( 57 )
I CLASS XI VL DIDVNAMIA. ORDER I GYMNOSPERMIA.
1
c
— o
U 0) U
3 a;
'oi
O
c^.2
LINKEAX NAMES
ENGLISH NAMES
■ l°l
Ss
o o
O On.
If
C3
la
S tLz
u. ^ o 1
A.JUGA.
BUGLE.
u
1 I'pptans
1 2 pyramidalis ..
5
p.
489.
1270.
. pyramidal
; purple..
5,6
P.
Mount.
San. fi.
7
p.
477.
77.
^ 4 Clmma?pitys ..
ground pine
yellow..
4,5
A.
TEUCRIUM.
GERMANDER.
W oods
Marshes!
Old walls
yellow...
purple...
purple...
7
P.
1543.
828.
680.
7,8
P.
3 Chanicedrys ...
wall
7
P.
- NEPETA.
C.AT-MINT.
Road si.
white ...
7
P.
137.
VERBENA.
VERVAIN.
Road si.
purple...
7
P.
767.1
MENTHA.
MINT.
Wat. pi.
Moi. pi.
8,«J
8,9
P.
686. h
446. V
2 rotundifolia ...
round leaved
reddish
P.
Marshes
Wat. pi.
purple...
purple...
8
P.
2424 jit
687. |ip
8,9
P.
IV'at. pi.!
7,8
P.
1025. lit,
6 hirsiita
A'at. pi.
lilac
8,9
P.
i*44fl a
7 acutifolia
frag, sharp leaved
Vat.pl.!
lilac
9
P.
P.,
3 rubra
Wat. pi
purple...
9
P.
1413. ‘
1
( 57 )
LASS XIV. DIDYNAMIA. OlIUER I. GYMNOSPERMIA.
SPECIFIC CIIARACTEK.
271. AJUGA.
Smooth : stem solitary : scyons creeping.
Hairy: whorls crowded into a pyramidal form, many flowered : radical
leaves very large, obovate, crenate, obtuse.
Stem simple: L. almost smooth, unequally toothed, neaily uniform :
whorls rather remote, niany-How.
Stem diffuse, branched: L. d-cleft, linear-, entire: El. axillary, soli-
tary.
272. TEUCRIUM.
L. cordate, serrated, petioled: racemes lateral, 1 -rowed: stem erect.
L. oblong, sessile, toothed-serrated : El. axillary, in pairs, jreduncled :
stem diffuse.
L. somewhat ovate, petioled, deeply crenate : E'l. axillary, peduircled,
ternate : stem cylind. hairy.
273. NEPETA.
FI. spiked : whorls somewhat pedicelled : L. petioled, cordate, den-
tato-serrated.
274. VERBENA.
Tetrandrous: spikes filiform, panicled : L. deeply jagged: stem
mostly solitary.
275. MENTHA.
Spikes villous, scarcely interrupted : L. toothed-serrated, chiefly downy
beneath : bracteae awl-shaped.
Spikes hirsute, interrupted : L. elliptical, obtuse, wr inkled, crenate,
villous beneath : bractes lanceolate.
Spikes interrupted : L. sessile, lanceolate, acute, naked : bi acteae se-
taceous and somewhat hairy, as well as the calyx teeth.
Spikes obtuse, interrupted below: E. petioled, somewhat ovate,
smoothish: cal. very smooth at the base.
' Spikes capitate, very obtuse : L. petioled, cordate, naked on both
sides : cal. and pedicels ve^ smooth on every part.
1 FI. capitate, or whorled : L. petioled, ovate : cal. harry : pedicels with
Irairs pointing backwarris.
1 FI. whorled : L. ovate-lanceolate, acute at each end : cal. hairy on
every part : hairs of the pedicels spreading.
I FI. whorled : L. ovate : stem erect, zigzag : pedicels and calyx very
smooth : teeth hairy.
( 58 )
Cl. ASS XIV. DIDYNAMIA.
OUDER
1. GYMNOSPERMIA.
■ ■
,r.
LINNEAX NAMES.
ENGLISH NA3IES.
C
'o C rt
t 41 il
®-5 s
'c.E
.2
, , <0 « /
>>
3 iaOC
Ui C s
(jn
H
p
EPo
AT A
MINT
9 g-eutilis
Oiisliy red
Pools !
purple...
8
P.
2118.
10 giulilis
narrow leaved ...
Wat.pl.
purple...
8
p.
•449.
8-9
p.
2119.
12 iigrestis
nigged field
Corn fi.
purple...
8
p.
2120.
13 Piilegium
penny-royal
Wet com.
purple...
9
p.
102&
GLECHOMA.
GBOUND-IVY.
4,5
p.
853.
LAMIUM.
DEAD-NETTL
i.
5-9
p.
768.
2 maculaluni
spotted
Banks !
jmrple...
4
p.
2550.
3 purpureum
red
Waste gr
purple...
5
A.
769.
5
A.
1933.
5 amplexicaule ...
lienbil
San. fi.
rose
2-6
P.
770.
GALEOPSIS.
IlEMP-NETTL
R.
Clial. fi.
n 9
A.
884.
2 villosa
downy
San. fi. !
yellow...
7,8
A.
2353.
7.«
A.
207.
•4 ver.sicolor
large flowered ...
San. fi.
yellow...
7,8
A.
867.
GALKOBDOLON.
WEASEL-SNOl
JT.
1 liitouni
yellow
Mo.sh.pl.
yellow...
5
P.
787.;
BETONICA.
BETOXV.
i
1 oHiciiialis
wood
Woods
purple...
7,8
P.
1142.
( 58 )
ASS XIV. DIDYNAMIA. OHDEll I. GYMNOSPEUMIA.
SPECIFIC CHAKACTEE..
MENTHA.
FI. ivlinrled : E. ovate : stem mucli branched, spreading: cal. at tlie
base and pedicels smooth.
FI. wborled : 1.. lanceolate, nearly sessile : stem much branched, erect :
cal. at the base and pedicels very sniooth. M. Gentilis, E. B.
FI. wborled : L. ovate: stem much branched : cal. bell-shaped, hairy
on every part : hairs horizontally spreading.
FI. wborled : somewhat cordate, deeply .serrated, iiigose : stem
erect : cal. hairs horizontal.
'FI. whorled : L. ovate : stem prostrate : pedicels and calyx downy on
every' part : teeth I'ringcd.
27(1. GLECHOMA.
L. kidney-shaped, crenate.
277. LAiMIUM.
cordate, pointed, petioled : whorls 20-flow.
j. cordate, pointed, deeply serrateil : whorls 1 0-flow.
cordate, blunt, petioled ; uppermost crowded : cor. tube within
bearded at the base.
cordate, dilated, petioled, irregularly cut ; uppermost crowded :
cor. tube internally naked.
■loral leaves sessile, embracing the stem, blunt.
278. GALEOPSIS.
tem-internodes equal : L. lanceolate, subserrated, hairy : helmet of
the cor. indistinctly crenate.
tem-internodes equal ; L. ovate-lanceolate, serrated, villous : helmet
of the cor. deeply notched.
.tem hispid : iiiternodes thicker above : cor. twice as long as the calyx :
helmet straightish.
lem hispid : internodes thicker above : cor. thrice as long as the calyx :
hehiiet inflated.
279. GALEOBDOLON.
280. BETONICA.
i»ike interrupted : middle segment of the lower lip of the corolla
notched.
21! 1
282
288
284
285
28(i
287
288
28!)
( 59 )
CLASS XIV. DIDYNA-MIA.
OTIDKP. I. GYMNOSl'KIiMIA.
LINVEAX names. ENGLISH NAJIES.
STACHYS.
1 sylvatii-a ..
2 upiiliyua
8 paliistns ..
4 jr.>inianii’a ; il(jwiiy
5 arvensis corn .
WOUXDWOHT.
h.atlpo
aiiibi^-noiis
marsh
13ALLOTA.
1 nigra
MARRUBIU.M.
1 vulgare
LEONURUS.
1 Cardiaca
CLINOPODIUM.
1 vuLare
ORIGANUM.
1 vulgare
THYMUS.
1 Sprp}'llum .
2 Acinos ....
MELISSA.
1 Calamintlia ...
2 Nopol.'i
MELITTIS.
1 Milissophyllnni
2 (ri'aniliilora
stinking-.
aromatic
MOTHERWORT,
common
BASIL
wild ...
MAR.IORAM.
common
THY.ME.
wild
basil
BALM.
common calamint
lesser calamint ...
ri'ddisb
c
^ c
1 - l
’■7.
t- iJ
^ s ^
*3'— £
^ 7“
i
- •'
= 5;
-
n 0(1;P«S
bilHul ...
7io
p.
4U1.
N- of Sec.
purple*...
!t
1’.
2l»li9.i
Mo. mea.
pill
8
!’•
1 875.
(dial. b.
purple...
7
P.
829.
Corn fi.
purple...
7,8
A.
1 1 -14.
40UND.
Hedges
purple...
7,8
1>.
46.
lOUNI).
Rabble
white ...
7
P.
410.
T.
Gray. ba.
white ...
7,8
P.
CO
Grav.ba.
rose
8
P.
1101.
dial. wo.
rose
7,8
P.
1143.
Heaths
purple...
7,8
P.
1514.
Dry hills
violet ...
7,8
A.
Bor.offi.
violet ...
7,8
1*.
•16/6
dial, hill
blue ...
8
P.
•1414.
.M.
Woods
Hesh ...
5,8
P.
6/7
[ Woods
white ...
0
P.
636
( 59 )
ASS XIV. DIUYNAMIA. ORDEU 1. GY.MNOSl’KUiMlA.
, SPKCiriC CHAHACTEU.
281. STACHYS.
Wliorls (!-flo\v : 1.. corHutc, petioled.
Wlioils (i-Ho\v : L. oliloii^, pflioled, cordate at the base: stein hollow.
AVhorls tl-tlow . 1,. linear-lanceolate, hall' enihracing- the stem
'\Yhorls many How : L. eremite: stem woolly.
'Whorls li-riow : stem I'eehle : L. cordate, hinnt, crenate, somewhat
hairv.
282. BALLOTA.
L. ovate, undivided, seiTatcd: cal. dilated ahove, somewhat truncated;
teeth spreading-.
283. MAURUBILTM.
.'alvx-teeth 10, setaceous, hooked.
284. LKONL'RIJS.
Jpper leaves lanceolate, 3-lobed or entire.
88.1. CLIXOPODIL'.M.
Vhorls hairy : hractea? setaceous : pedicels branched : L. indistinctly
serrateil.
280. ORIGANUM.
pikes roundish, panicled, clustered, smooth : invol. ovate, longer
than the calyx.
28/. THYMUS.
1 capitate: stems deenmb: L. Hat, ovate, blunt, fringed at the base,
horis O-How: pedunc. simple: stem ascending, branched : L. acute,
serrated : calyx gibhous.
288. MELISSA. Linn.
Tiiy.ml's, Eng. Hot.
'dune, axillary, manv-How. forked: L. ovate, blunt, slightly serra-
ted, hairy : stem hairy.
dune, axillaiy , many-How. Hirked-corymhose : L. ovate, hhmt, ser-
rated, snioothish : stem somew hat hairy.
yx 3-lohed.
yx 4-lohed.
2811. MELITTIS.
( l>0 )
CLASS XIV. DIDYNAMIA. OKDKR I. GYMNOSPKRMIA.
i 1
= o
^ CL
c
o
a, » i
I.IN'NEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
1=1 1
c. o
u cii;
C
C5
f|i
290
SCUTEl.LARIA.
SKULL-CAP.
X j
r"r*
Wat. pi.
7.K
p.
523.
pink ...
p.
524;
291
PRUNELLA.
SELF-HEAL.
1 vulgaris I
common
A lea. pas. i
violet ...
7,f5
p.
9«l.i
ORDER 11. ANGIOSPERMIA.
292
bartsia.
BARTSIA.
-
p.
961.
2 viscosa
yellow viscid
Marshes!
vellow...
7,»
A.
1045.
7.8
A.
1415.
29:5
RIIINANTIIUS.
YELLOW-RAT
I'LE.
•
1 Crista-galli ...
common
Mea. pas.
yellow...
G
A.
65/.
294
EUPHRASIA.
EYE-BRIGHT.
Pastures
7-11
A.
1416
295
MELAMPYRUM.
COW-WHEAT.
•
1 cribialiim
creslofl
Corn li.l
vellow...
7
A.
41.
7
-V.
55
7.8
A.
1U|
M. woods
yellow...
7.8
■A.
604
29C
LATH ILEA.
TOOTH-WORT.
1 Squaniai'ia
greater
Dry wo.
purple...
4
P.
50.
297
PEDICULAIHS.
LOUSE-WORT
1 paliistris
marsli
Boggy m
purple...
G,7
P.
3!)!i.
'2 svlvatioa
\
pasture
M. hea.
ro.'^e
<n7
P.
m
— — ^
( 60 )
LASS XIV. DinYXAAlIA. OlIDKH I. GYMNOSPLHMIA.
SrUClFIC CIIAIIACTER.
•2!I0. SCUTLLLAHIA.
cordate-lanceolate, creiiate, wrinkled: FI. axillary.
L. cordate- ovate, entire: FI. axilUny.
291. rUUXELLA.
L. all ovate-oblong, pelioled.
ORDER II. AXGIOSI’ERMIA.
292. BARTSIA.
L. opposite, cordate-ovate, bluntly serrated : anthers hairy.
L. serrated ; upper alternate : F'l. lateral, distant : anthers hairy.
L. lanceolate, serrated ; upper alternate : FI. racemose, 1-rowed :
anthers smooth.
293. RHINANTHUS.
Upper lip of the cor. arched : cal. smooth : L. lanceolate, serrated.
294. EUPHRASLA.
L. ovate, streaked, finely toothed.
295. MELAMPYRUM.
Spikes 4-angular : hractea? cordate, imbricated, compact, toothed.
Sjrikes conical, lax : bractea; lanceolate, pinnate-toothed.
FI. lateral, l-ro\ved: L. in distant pairs : cor. closed; lip extended.
F'l. lateral, 1-rowed : L. in distant iiairs : cor. open ; lip dellexed.
29fi. LATHRyEA.
Stem very simple: F'l. pendulous ; lower lijr trilid.
297. PEDICULARIS.
Stem solitary, branched : cal. ovate, hairy, ribbed, in 2 notched
lobes.
Stems many, simple, spreading : cal. oblong, angular, smooth, in
5 notched segments.
( )
‘J'M
2:19
30(1
301
302
303
304
CLASS XIV. DIDYN'A.MIA.
ORDER
11. ANGIOSPER.MIA.
l.INNEAK .VA.-MKS.
CXt'.LlSil NA3IES.
— .§
= 1- u
c ~ c.
1-
=
- Mi -
c •— i
u
-a 0
LINAR I A.
*
1 (’viiilialiiiiii S;...
TOAD-ELAX.
violet ...
yellow...
yellow...
9 11
P.
•.i02.
7-9
A.
•091.
3 Elatine
sliarj) j)()i Iliad ...
Corn fi.
7-9
A.
•092.
creoping*..,
dial. liil.
bine ...
7-9
P.
•12,53.
Hedg-es
yellow...
P.
1 *0.58.
(/3-80
violet ...
0-8
A.
•2014.
ANTIRRHINUM.
SNAPDRAGON.
Old walls
7,0
P.
129.
*2 Oiontiuni
lessor
San. fi...
tiosli ...
7,8
A.
11.55.
SCROPHULARIA.
FIGWORT.
knollv-rooted ...
Woods
P.
1,544.
Wat. pi.
blood ...
P.
854.
3 Scororionia
M’at.pl.l
purple...
P.
2209.
4 vi'iiialis
vidloiv
M.sli.pl.l
yellow...
4,0
1$.
507.
DIGITALIS.
FOX-GLOVE.
lied. ban.
purple...
0,7
P.
1297.
LINNLEA.
LINNAiA.
Drv st.w!
flesh ...
5,0
P.
433.
SlBTIlORriA.
MONEYWORT.
1 eurojia'a
I'diiiLsh
Wet slop.
yellow...
7,8
P.
049.
LIMOSELLA.
MUDWORT.
1 a(jiiatira
Mud. pi.
flesh ...
7,8
A.
:ia7-
( c.l )
LASS XIV. niDYXAMIA. ORDER II. AXOIOSEER.AIIA.
SPECIFIC CII.CRACTER.
2!)(I. I, IN ARIA. Jussmi.
.Axtiiirhinum, Eng. Hot.
* Leaves ililnted : stems loose.
L. cordate, .‘i-lobcd, alternate, smooth : stems procumhent.
L. ovate, alternate: stems procumbent.
L. hastate, alternate : stems procumhent.
** Leaves narrower ; stems erect.
1., linear, glaucous, wborled or scattered: stem panicled: cal. smooth,
the length of the spur.
1.. linc*ar-lanceolate, crowded : stem erect, spiked : cal. smooth,
shorter than tlie spur.
^ ar. jj. bl. regidar, pentandrons, with .'i-spnrs. Peloria.
L. mostly alternate, lanceolate, ohtuse, pubescent : stem much
branched, spreading : cal. longer than the spur.
2!l!). ANTIRRHINUM.
FI. spiked : cal. obtuse, villous.
F I. loosely spiked : cal. digitate, longer than the corolla.
aOO. SCROPHUI.ARIA.
L- cordate, acute, 3-nerved at the base: stem with acute angles.
L. cordate, [)etioled, decurrent, obtuse : stem wiiu'-ed.
L. cordate, doubly-serrated, tomentous beneath : raceme leafy.
L. cordate, douhiy-serrated, pubescent : pedunc. axillary, solitary,
dichotomous, leafy.
301. DIGITALIS.
Cal. leafl. ovate, acute : cor. obtuse, upper lip entire: L. pubescent.
302. LINNrEA.
303. SIBTIIORPIA.
L. kidney-shaped, somewhat peltate, crenate.
304. LIMOSELLA.
( 02 )
CI-ASS XIV. DIDYNAAIIA.
ORDER II. AN'GIOSPERAIIA.
Soil
or
Situation
ColfAur
of the
Flower.
- ?
iZS
Duiatioii.
- «0 •
^ SO «
r. pH 3
= =3
Uncul. pi.
purpleisli
6,7
P.
421.
Clover fi.
yellowish
G-8
P.
0(18.
Clover fi.
purpleisli
7,8
A.
422.
Ir. roc...
purpleisli
8
P.
1786.
Sea CO...
violet ...
7
P.
423.
Hemp fi.
blueish
8,9
A.
184.
LINNEAN NAJIES.
OROBANCIIE.
1 major ..
2 elatior
3 minor ..
4 rubra ..
5 caerulea
G ramosa ,
ENGEISU NAMES.
BROOM-RAPE.
greater
tall
lesser
red I'ragrant
purple
branched
{ (52 )
ASS XIV. niDYNAMIA. ORDF.R II. ANGIOSPERMIA.
SPECIFIC character.
305. OROBANCHE.
• liraciea solitary.
• Stem sinipk?: cor. inflated; segments of the lip acute, equal : stam.
smooth; .style pubescent. —
■:Stem simple : cor. tuhular ; segments of the lip acute, equal : stam.
pubescent : style smooth.
■iSlem simple : cor. tubular; middle segment of the lip lobed : stam.
fringed : style smo(Hh. , u
■Stem simple : cor. tuhular ; segments of the lip blunt, equal : stam.
fringed on ohe side at the base.
*• Bractere by threes.
■3len) simple : ract'eas by thre'es : u’p’jfte'r lip of the corolla bifid,
incised.
■Stem branched : hractea? by threes : corolla 5-cleft ; segments obtuse,
very entire.
X
CLASS XV.
TETRAD YN AM I A.
ORDER I. SILICULOSA.
31!).
320.
316.
306.
318.
307.
312.
308.
30!).
310.
315.
311.
317.
314.
313.
Silicles withmt valves.
Cakile.
Crambe
Silide deciduous, 4-angular, 2-ji)iiited ; each joint
1 -seeded.
Silic. deciduous, 2-jointed ; upper joint near!}' ^lol)ular,
1-seeded ; lower joint abortive, like a pedicle.
COROVOPIIS. Sicil. nearly entire, compressed, wrinkled, 2-seeded.
•• Silides 2-valved, entire or nearly entire.
VelI.A. Silic. tumid, with theleafv ovate style projectin*^, twice
as lonp; as the val ves.
18.4X13. Silic. deciduous, 1-celled, l-,seeded. Filam. simple.
SuBULAlllA. 5/7/r. oval ; valves tumid, many-seeded.
Ht'TCHiNSiA. Silic. elliptical; valves tumid. Seeds 2 in each
cell. Filam. simple.
Draba. Silic. oval ; valves Hattish. Cells many-seeded. Seeds
without a margin. Filam. simple.
Al.VSSUSI. Silic. nearly round ; valves Hattish. Cells 1-4-seeded.
Seeds margined.
CamELINA. AiVic. nearly entire, ohovate, smooth; valves tumid,
many-seeded. Filam. simple.
CocHLEARlA. Silic. nearly entire, ovate or roundish, rugose,
many-seeded ; valves tumid. Filam. short. Cal.
spreading. Seeds not margined.
Silicles 2-valved, emar^inate or notched.
Lei’idium. kVih'r. elliptical ; valves boat-shaped. Cc& 1-seeded,
Fet. erpial.
iBEltls. Silic. ohcordate ; valves boat-shaped, winged. Cells
1-seeded. Fet. une(|ual.
Tulaspi. Silic. ohcordate, compressed; valves hoat-shai)ed, ollen
winged. Cells many-seeded. Filam. simple.
TeesDALIA. Sale, ohcordate; valves boat-shaped. Cells 2-
seeded. Filam. witli a scale at tlie inside, near
the base.
ASS XV. TETUADYNAMIA.
ORDER II. SII.IQUOSA.
*■ Ciil^x closed.
. R.xrHANl’S. A'f/ii/Ke valveless, Jointed, swelliiijj.
>. Ahauis. AV/iyur. linear, crowned by the sessile stiff.; valves veined
or ribbed. Seeds 1 -rowed.
, . TuRKITIS. long, 2-edg'ed ; valves ribbed or keeled. Seeds
2-rowed.
.. B.vKIt.vHEA. Silique sqnare-2-edged. Seeds 1-rowed. Glands
within the shorter filam.
.. RRYSlMr.'I. Silitiue d-angnlar. Seeds without a margin. Stig.
rajiitate, often 2-lobed.
. CheiR-VXTHUS. Silique compressed or 2-edged. Cid. with 2
opposite lead, pouched at the base. Stig. 2-lobed,
lobes spreading or capitate.
. MaTHIOLA. Silique round or compressed, crowned by the stig :
Stig. 2-lobed, lobes thickened at the back.
Filam. long, dilated.
HespERIS. .W/f/we angular. A'f/g. nearly sessile, with converging
lobes. Glands w ithin the shorter lilam. Pet.
oblitiue.
Brassica. Silique roundish, with a beak barren or 1 -seeded.
Seeds globular.
Dext.aRIA. Silique hnear, bursting elastically; valves Hat, plain,
revolute. Stig. notched.
*• Calyx spreading.
Cakdamixe. Silique linear, bursting elasticallj' ; valves Hat,
plain, revolute, narrower than the partition.
Stig. entire.
Sisymbrium. Silique roundish or angular. Cal. open or some-
what erect.
Xastcrtium. Silique. roundLsh, short, swelling; valves concave,
neither ribbed nor keeled. Cal. spreading.
I Slx^APls. Silique roundish, with a prominent partition. Cal.
■ spreading horizontally.
( G3 )
30«
:<07
308
S09
310
311
312
CLASS XV. TliTRADYXAMlA.
ORDER 1. SILICULOSA.
LINNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAJIES.
VKLLA. CRESS-ROCKET,
r
annual
■rt I
A\yL-VVORT,
water
1^ annua
SUBULARIA.
. li*V ^
1 aquatica
DRABA.
1 aizoides .
^ yellow alpine.
3 verna
3 rupeSlris
4 imana ..
O
5 niuralis ..
ALYSSUM,
1 maritiinnm..
CAMELINA.
1 sativa § .
LEPIDIUM.
t
1 latifoUum ..
2 niderale
3 campestre .
4 hirtum ....
IIUTCIIINSIA.
1 potin'a
_
* ° I
*San. fi.!
Alp. lake
WHITLOW-GRASS.
common ..
rode
twisted podded ...
speedwell leaved
ALYSSUM.
sweet
Rocks ...
Ji n tt
Walls„.
Alp.' roc.
Alp. roc.
Sea CO.!
'GOLD OF PLEASURE
Corn fi.
ipEPPlt^-WjORT.
broad leaved
narrow leaved ...
hoary field.
hairy
HUTCHINSIA.
rock
Sea CO...
Sea co.f.
Fields...
Fields !
Rocks.
oeVe ...
white
yellow...
wjiite ...
white ...
white ...
white ...
white ...
yellow.
white ...
w'hite ...
white ...
white ...
3,4
3,4
.1,8
5,8
5
8,9
3,4
B.
.^=3 1
1442.
732.
1271.
.•)8a
•133&
388.
912,
1729.
'1254
182.
I.i9i
■1385.
■111.
( 63 )
LASS XV. Th'TRADYXAMIA.
ORDER I. SILICULOSA.
SrEClFJC CUAIEVCTEH.
30li VELLA.
L. pinnatifid : silicles pendulous.
307. SUBULARIA.
L. awl-shaped.
308. DRABA.
Stape naked: pet. notched, twice the length of the cal : L. lanceolate,
rigid, keeled, fringed.
Scapes naked: pet. bipartite : L. lanceolate, slightly cut, hairy.
Scape l-le..ved: pet. entire: silic. lanceolate: L. somewhat toothed,
ciliate; hairs simple. IJ. hirta, Eng. Hot.
Stem-leaves numerous, hoary, with interwoven starry hairs : silic.
oblong, onlitpie.
Stem branched: L. cordate, toothed, haiiy: silic. elliptical, obtuse,
Hat.
309. ALYSSUM.
Stem somewhat shrubby, much branched, spreading: L. lanceolate,
acute, entire, hoary, with close-pressed hairs.
310. C AMELINA. Ilort. Kew.
Alyssum, Eng. Bot.
L. lanceolate, arrow-shaped : stig. simple.
311. LEPIDIUM.
L. oyate, lanceolate, entire, serrated.
FI. diandrous, apetalous: L. lower pinnatifid, toothed; upper linear,
very entire.
Silic. scaly, bordered at the top: style very short: stem-leaves arrow.
sliajjed, toothed. 7'hlaspi, Eng. But.
Silic. hairy, bortlered at the top: style long: stem leaves arrow-sliaped,
tootlied. ThUi.'ipi, Eng. Bot.
312. HUTCHINSIA. Hurt. Kew.
LEPiniUM, Eng. Bot.
L. pinnatifid, entire : pet. shorter than the cal : stig. .sessile.
( r,4 )
CLASS XAL TETRADA^XAMIA.
i
ORDER 1. SILICULOSA.
2
C
. te
LIXNEAX NAMES,
ENGI.ISll XA>tES.
0'S %
o-— -
c jr
Time (
! loweri
.'zf'rS 2
'-Jo
:5i3
TEESDALIA.
TEESDALIA.
1 nudicaulis
naked stalked ...
Grav. pa.
white ...
5
A.
*327.
314
TI! LASPI.
AIITIIRIDATE
MUSTARD.
white ...
0,7
A.
10.)9.
2 porli.lialimi ...
perfoliate
Stony pas
white ...
4,5
A.
23.54.
3 alpestre
alpine
M. past.
white ...
0,7
P.
81.
4 Biirsa-pastoris
sl.epherd’s purse
Road si.
white ...
3-9
A.
1485.
SI".
COCHLEARIA.
SCURVY-GRAS
S.
white ...
0
A.
.551.
2 gmenliindica ...
greenland
Sc. alps
flesh ...
8
A.
2403.
3 angiica
english
Sea shore
white ...
A.
552.
Sea sho.!
white ...
5,0
A.
890.
.') Arnioracia
horse-radish
Wat. pi.
white ...
5
P.
2323.
317
CORONOPUS.
WART-CRESS.
Road si.
white ...
0-8
A.
1800.
Rubble
white ...
7
A.
•248.
317
IBERIS.
CAXDY-TUFT.
dial. C.!
white ...
7
A.
52.
318
ISATIS.
WOAD.
1 tinctoria
tR'ers’
Corn fi.!
}’ellow\..
7
B.
97-
3111
CAKILE.
SEA-ROCKET.
1 maillima
common
Sea shore
purple...
0-9
A.
•231.
320
CRAMBE.
SEA-KALE.
1 maritin.a |
common
Sea shore
white ...
5,0
P.
924.^
.ASS XV. TETRADVXAMIA. ORDER I. SILICULOSA,
Petals unequal,
313. TEESDAEIA. llort. Kew.
Iberis, En^. Hot.
SPECIFIC CHAlCtCTER.
314. THLASPI
( M )
^ Silic. orbieular, compressed, smootli : L. oblong, toothed, smooth.
^ Silic. olicordafe : s-tem leaves sagittate-cordate, embracing the stem:
stem branched : style very short.
p Silic. olnivate. retuse : stem leaves arrow-shaped : stems simple :
style e.xtended.
1 Hairy : silic. triangidar-ohcordate : radical leaves pinnatifid.
31;\. COCHLEARIA.
L. radical roundish ; on the stems oblong, somewhat sinuated : silic.
globose.
L. kidney -shaped, Heshy, entire: silic. globular.
L. radical ovate, entire ; on the stems lanceolate, toothed : silic. ellip-
tical, reticulated with veins.
L,. all deltoid, [letioled: silicles elliptical, reticulated with veins.
L. radical, oblong, crenate ; on the stems lanceolate, cut or entire.
3 Hi. CORONOPUS.
Silic. entire, crested with little sharp points: style extended : corymb.
f'ew-How.
■dilic. notched, didymous, with reticulated wrinkles: style obsolete :
corymb. many-Kovv. Ltpiilium, Eng. Bot.
317. IBERIS.
-lerbaceous : L. lanceolate, acute, slightly toothed : FI. spiked.
318. ISATIS,
U. radical, crenate ; on the stem sagittate : silic. bluntish, smooth.
319. CAKILE, Ilort. Kew.
Bunias, Eng. Bot.
ilic. with 2-edged joints ; tJie upper one sagittate : L. fleshy, pinna-
tifid, slightly Uxjthed.
320. CRAMBE.
.sinuated, undulated, glaucous, smooth as well as the stem,
i
( 65 )
321
322
323
324
325
320
CLASS XV. TKTRADYNAMIA.
ORDER II. SILIQU08A.
— .2
Colour
of the
Flower.
■v. ^
o.?
o ^
= it
Duration.
Figure
in Cnglishlj
Dotnnv. Ii
Sba. pi.!
K.
purple...
4,5
p.
309.
Sc. alps !
white ...
8
p.
2355.
Alp. roc.
white ...
5,fi
A.
80.
Moi.sb.p.
white ...
3-6
A.
492.
Mea. pa-s.
purple...
4,5
P.
776.
Wat.pl.!
white ...
4,5
P.
lOOfl.
Rivulets
white ...
P.
”855.
Wat. pi.
yellow ...
6-!(
P.
‘•2.1^
Wat. pi.
yellow...
6-!l
A.
•1747.:
Riv. ban.
j'ellow...
6-8
P.
•Ui4l).j
Waste gr
yellow...
6,7
A.
!
*7S3.'
Waste gr
yellow...
7
A.
Walls...
ss.
yellow...
7,8
A.
1631.:
i
Rubbish
vellow...
5-8
P.
*443.1
Brooks !
ARD.
j’ellow . . .
4-10
B.
« I
” i
796.!
Hedges
Fields...
while ...
3
B.
yellow ...
7
A.
1)42.'
Cliffs ...
white ...
6
A.
'1804.
LINJfEAN NAMES.
DENT ARIA.
1 biilbif’era
ENGLISH NAMES.
CORAL-WORT,
bulbiferoiis
CARDAMINE.
1 bellidifulia .
2 inipatiens
3 birsuta
4 pratensis
5 amara
NASTURTIUM.
1 officinale .,
2 sylvestre .,
3 terreste
4 ampbibium.
SISYMBRIUM.
1 officinale
daisy-leaved
imj)atient
hairy
meadow...
bitter
WATER-CRESS
common
creeping rocket...
annual rocket
amphibious .
2 So|)bia
3 Irio .,
BARB ARE A.
1 vulgaris
2 prmco.x
ERYSIMUM.
1 Alliarin
2 cheirantboides
3 orientale
ROCKET,
hedge-mustard ...
llix-weed
London ..
WINTER-CRESS.
yellow rocket,
early
garlick
treacle
hare’s ear ,
( fi5 )
.ASS XV. TF.TUADYNAMIA. OUDKU II. SII.IQUOSA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
321. DENTARIA.
Lower leaves pinnate ; upper simple.
322. CARDAMINE.
• Leaves simple.
L. simple, ovate, entire, about one-third the length of the petioles.
•• Leaves pinnate.
L. pinnate; leafl. lanceolate, cut or entire : stipulae ciliated.
L. pinnate, without stipula?; leaH. loundish-ohlong, cut, petioled.
L. pinnate ; radical lead, roundisli, toothed ; stem ones lanceolate.
L. pinnate; radical lead, roundish; stem ones toothed-angular: stem
taking root at the base.
323. NASTURTIUM.
Sisymbrium. Eng. Bot.
L. pinnate ; lead, roundish, heart-shaped.
L. pinnate: lead, lanceolate, deeply serrated.
IL. pinnatifid, unecpially toothed : root simple : pet. shorter than the cal.
L. oblong, pinnatilid or serrated : pet. longer than the cal : root
fibrous.
324. SISYMBRIUM.
unique close-pressed to the stalk, awl-shaped : L. runcinate. Ery-
simum. Eng. Bot.
doubly pinnate, slightly hairy : pet. less than the calyx,
runcinate, toothed, naked : stem smooth : siliques erect.
325. BARBAREA.
Erysimum. Eng. Bot.
-ower leaves lyrate ; terminal lobe roundish ; ujrper nbovae, toothed.
jOwer leaves lyrate ; upper pinnatifid; segm. liiicar-ohlout, entire.
32d. ERYSIMUM.
... heart-shaped.
I -. lanceolate, slightly toothed : siliques erect : pedicels when in fruit
spreading.
■ . elliptic-heart-shaped, obtuse, clasping the .stem, smooth, entire ;
radical ones ohovate. Brussica. Eng. Bot.
r 66 't
CLASS XV. TETRADYNAMIA. ORDER II. SILIQUOSA.
1
c
ci
.2
LINNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES
'Z
2 STS
cn s
C 0
z
w
5
327
CHEIRANTHUS.
WALL-FLOWER.
I fruticulosiis ..
wild
Old walls
yellow...
5,6
p.
1934.
328
MATHIOLA.
STOCK.
I incana
hoary shrubby ...
Cliffs !
purple...
5
p-
•1835.
2 siniiata
violet ...
8
B.
•462.
329
HESPERIS.
DAME’S VIOL
ET.
1 inodora
scentless
5,6
P.
731.
330
ARABIS.
WALL-CRESS.
Walls...
4
A.
<jpi,
p.
(‘14
3 hispida
alpine rock
Alp. roc.
purple...
6,7
p.
•469.
Walls !
5
B.
178.
B.
*17411
P.
•58/.
331
TURRITIS.
TOWER-MUST
\RD.
1 f^labra
smooth
Gray. pa.
white ...
5,6
A.
Til-
332
BRASSICA.
CABBAGE.
1 cainpestris
held
Fields...
j'ellow...
6 1
A.
2234. ^
2 Napus
rape
Dit. ban.
yellou ...
B.
2141'.:
3 Rapa
turiii))
Corn li.
yellow..
4I
B.
21/6 .
HuUiiiy.
( 66 )
IASS XV. TETRADYNAMIA.
ORDER II. S;LIQU0SA.
SPECIFIC ClIARACTEIl.
327. CHEIRANTHUS.
|L. lanceolate, acute, hoary beneath, with very simple appressed pubes-
cence : stem shrubby, branches angular.
328. MATHIOLA.
Cheiranthus Eng. Bot.
j. lanceolate, obtuse, entire, hoary : silicpies cylind.
j. downy, obtuse, sinuated : those on the branches entire : siliques
compressed, prickly.
328. HESPERIS.
I item erect: L. ovato-lanceolate, toothed, somewhat hastate at the
base : petals obtuse.
330. ARABIS.
1... hairy, more or less toothed ; radical ones petioled : stem branched :
siliques ascending.
toothed, obtuse, rough ; radical ones somewhat lyrate : stems
hispid: petals erect.
*adical leaves runcinate-lyrate, rough ; stem ones lanceolate : hairs
forked : stems smooth, branched. Cardamine hastulata. Eng.
But.
.. embracing the stem : siliques bent backward, flat, linear, with an
incrassated margin.
I . somewhat toothed, smooth, fringed, bearded ; radical ones obovate ;
the rest elli[)tical, half clasping the stem. Turritis alpina.
Eng Bot.
I . rough : stem hairy, hairs simple and spreading : siliques 4-angular.
Turritis. Eng. Bot.
331. TURRITIS.
radical, toothed, rough ; on the stem entire, smooth and embracing.
332. BRASSICA.
>ot and stem slender : L. cordate, acuminate, embracing the stem ;
lower ones lyrate, toothed, somewhat rough.
»ot caulescent, fusiform : L. smooth ; upper cordate-lanceolate, em-
bracing the stem ; lower ones lyrate, toothed.
-ot caulescent, orbicular, depressed, fleshy : radical leaves lyTate,
rough ; those on the stem very entire, smooth.
CLASS XV. TETRADYNAMIA.
ORDER II.
SILIQUOSA.
UNNEAN NAMES.
BRASSICA.
ENGLISH NAMES.
CABBAGE.
Soil
or
Situation.
Colour
of llie
Flower.
Time of
Fiowering.
Duration.
. v> •
u —
= see
aCC S
iZy ^
Cliffs ...
yellow...
5,1)
B.
037.
Sea shore
yellow...
P.
•962.
SINAPIS.
MUSTARD.
Corn fi.
yellow...
5
A.
1748.
yellow...
yellow...
f)
A.
1677.
969.
Bor. of fi.
6
A.
Walls...
yellow...
yellow...
7- 10
8- 10
P
•.525.
• 1098
San. pi.
A.
RAPHANUS.
RADISH.
1 Raphanistrum
2 roaritimus
yellow...
yellow...
B,7
6
A.
8aR
1643.
sea
Sea CO.
B.
C 67 )
ASS XV. tetradynaaiia.
ORDER II. SILIQUOSA.
SPECIFIC CIIAIIACTER.
BRASSICA.
Root caulescent, cylind. fleshy : L. all smooth, fflaucous, waved or
lohed.
L. pinnatilid : stem nakedisli, smooth : siliques smooth ; beak one-
seeded. Sisj/mirium. Eng. Bot.
333. SINAPIS.
■ Siliques many-angled, rugged, longer than the 2-edged beak : L.
ovate, somewhat lyrate.
■ Siliques hispid, rugged, shorter than the 2-edged beak : L. pinnatilid.
■ Siliques smooth, square, appressed to the stem : upper leaves linear-
lanceolate, entire, smooth.
■ Siliques linear, smooth, with short beaks : L. lanceolate, acute, pin-
natifid or bipinnatifid : stem smooth. Sisymbrium. ~
Siliques linear, smooth, with short beaks : L. sinuated, smooth
spreading, hairy. Sisymbrium. Eng. Bot.
334. RAPHANUS.
■ Siliques jointed, striated, 1 -celled : L. simply lyrate.
' Siliques jointed, striated, 1-celled : L. interruptedly lyrate.
Eng. Bot.
stem
rifirr;. .7.- — ■TBacffgHC— i ~
TWr - ».
K4t3«llftMU
•> t»t*« j-i.rcmdh^ fU «£ t ,whgi Aai^ i li^il
•«ii.iiriwi ( MtefSi* t iitirwMva a^Ai iMImomi^ .it
1
41’fA/l^ 4sa
J » ia«i ii*]|WS (Mil iuKii mr)^ ,h»mn.
. \ .sJK'ff l4ii+>*«aKi« v»*4*a
Ji 1 imd -titt JK»i:r ««#muVbKqAt ♦‘myf'*’.
■ lofMil aMrA-il
■ litanaM ,»ta<Mr)«i|
-Mrif ,»«M» «aAit.>vM4«i >m4» AN« .4M«k* >iiiMB.«H>fniS
j^feL •»!* Minmm awla » l»iKla«a«]i>i w UtiM
.MSI TWilW>1» ’«>. i^WKf
« " t .9'iifAU^AJI .Htft ,
•9h9p «A
V 4
» • . *
. <*»«
CLASS XVI.
MONADELPHIA.
ORDER II. PEXTANDRIA.
Erodium. Pistil 1. Cal. 5-leaved. Cor. 5-pet. Fruit 5-grained,
beaked ; beak spirally twisted, bearded on the
inside.
Linuin., Geranium 8.
ORDER V. DECANDRIA.
Geran'IUSI. Pistil 1. Cal. 5-leaved. Cor. 5-pet. regular. Fruit
5-graiiied, beaked ; beak recurved, naked,
simple.
Oxalis. Spartium. Genista. Anthyllis. Ulex. Ononis.
ORDER VIII. POLYANDRI.V
LavaTERA. Pistils nianj’. Cal. double, outer 3-cleft. Caps.
w hurled, 1 -seeded.
Malva. Pistils many. Cal. double, outer 3-leaved. Caps.
whorled, 1-seeded.
Alth.EA. Pistils nianv. Cal. double, outer 9-cleft. Caps.
whorled, I -seeded.
( fi8 )
CLASS XVI. MONAORLPHIA. OUDKR II. PKNTANDRIA.
335
LINNEAN NAMES.
p:rodium.
1 dcutariuni
2 mosohatum ...
3 maritiraum.
ENGLISH NAMES.
STORK’S-BILL.
hemlock
musky
Soil
or I
Situation. |
i: *-»
s - w
C “
'O'- O
U 0-^
c E
E 1
Duration, j
*
Road si.
purple...
C-l!
A.
1768.
M. past.
purple...
6,7
A.
1)02.
San. sh.
flesh ...
0-9
I>.
64a
ORDER V. DECANDRIA.
ORDER VIII. POLYAXDRIA.
GERANIUM.
CRANE’S-BILL.
I
5,6
p.
322.
2
5,8
p.
1091.
3
sylvaticum
wood
M. thick.
purple...
6,7
p.
121.
4
pratense
crowfoot-leaved...
Mea. pas.
blue ...
6,7
p.
404.
5
robertianum ..
stinking
Stony pi.
purple...
5-10
A.
148a
1}
Ston3' pi.
5-8
A.
75.
7
molle
dove’s foot
Waste gr
purple...
4-8
A.
778.
8
pusillum
small-flowered ...
Waste gr
purple...
tl-9
A.
385.
9
pyrenaicuin ...
mountain
Mea. pas.
purple...
7
P.
405.
10
rotundifulium...
round-leaved
Grav. ha.
rose
6,7
A.
157.
11
dissectum
jagged-leaved ...
Waste gr
purple...
5,6
A.
753.
12
columhinum ...
long-stalked
dial. ban.
rose
li.7
A.
259.
13
san^uineuiti ...
bloody
Rocks...
blood ...
7-9
P.
272.
337
ALTIIjEA.
.MARSH-MALLOW.
1 ollicinalis
common
Salt mar.
flesh ...
7-9
P.
147.
ASS XVI. MONAOF.LPHIA. ORDKR II. PENTANDRIA.
Pediinc. many-How : L. pinnate; leafl. se.ssile, pmnatifid, cut.
Pedunc. many -flow : L. pinnate ; leafl. almost sessile, elliptical, un-
ecjually cut.
Pedunc. about 3-flow : L. cordate, cut, creuate, rough : stems de-
pressed.
SPECIFIC CHAUACTER.
335. ERODIUM.
ORDER V. DECANDRIA.
336. GERANIUM.
^edunc. 2-flow, panicled, erect : cal. somewhat awned : caps, keeled,
hispid at the base, wrinkled at the summit.
'*edunc. 2-flow : L. r)pposite, 3-lobed, serrated : caps, even, all hairy.
-*edunc. 2-How. somewhat corymbose : L. 5-7 lobes, deeply notched,
and serrated : c^s. all hairy : stam. snbulate.
’edunc. 2-flow : L. 5-7 parted, notched and serrated : caps, all hairy :
stam. deltoid at the base.
’edunc. 2-flow : L. somewhat pedate, pinnatifid, 5-angled : cal. 10-
angled : caps, rugose.
"edunc. 2-flow : L. 5-lobed, roundish : cal. transversely wrinkled :
caps, many-keeled.
'edunc. 2-flow, alternate, opposite the leaves : L. roundish, lobed,
downy : caps, wrinkled, smooth.
I edunc. 2-flow : L. reniform, palmate, cut : caps, even, hairy :
seeds smooth.
I edunc. 2-flow ; pet. twice as long as the cal : L. reniform, lobed :
caps, even, slightly pubescent.
1 edunc. 2-How ; petals entire : L. reniform, cut, dow ny : caps, hairy :
seeds reticulated.
Ij .edunc 2-flow : petals notched ; L. 5-parted, laciniated : caps, hairy:
seeds reticulated.
I! .edunc. 2..flow. thrice as long as the leaves : L. 5-parted, many-cleft :
caps, smooth : seeds reticulated.
l< «jdunc. 1-How: L. 5-parted, 3-cleft, roundish: caps, bristly at the
apex.
ORDER VIII. POLYANDRIA.
337. AI.TH.EA.
I . simple, downy, slightly 5-lobed.
( G!) )
338
339
CLASS XVI. MONADELPIIIA. ORDER VIII. POLYANDRIA.
c
o
ir
o.B
.INNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
Soil
or
iiati
oS ^
H o
S ^
(t
^ Q£ C
V ojr
i- o
P
MALVA.
MALLOW.
Waste pi.
purple...
3-8
P.
1171.
2 rotundifolia ...
dwarf
Road si.
flesh ...
(j-9
A.
1092.
bor. ot ii.
rose ...
7,8
P.
734.
LAVATERA.
TREE-MALLO’
V.
I arborca
sea
Soa cliff!
purple...
7-10
B.
1841.
( fij) )
ASS XVI. MONADELPHIA. ORDER VIIl. POLYANDRIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
338. ]MALVA.
•Stem erect, lierbaceoiis : L. acute : pedunc. and petioles
hain,'.
•Stems prostrate : L. cordate-orbicular, ri-lobed : fruit stalks declining.
IL. radical, reniform, cut ; on the stem 5-parted, pinnate-multifid : cal.
hairy.
339. EAVATERA.
Stem arborescent : L. 7-angled, downy, plaited : pedunc. axillary,
crowded, 1-tJow.
CLASS XVII.
DIADEt.rillA.
OllDEIl II. IIEXAXnRIA.
340. FumaRIA. Cal. 2-leaved. Cor. rin'^ent, gibbous at tbe base,
nectariferous. Filam. with 3 anthers.
ORDER III. OCTANDRIA.
341. PoLVGALA. Cal. 5-leaved ; 2 lead, wing-like, coloured. Cor.
standard cylindrical. Fod obcordate, 2-celled.
ORDER IV. DECANDRIA.
• Siam, all connecttd, or monadelphous ; tube frequently cleft above.
342. Spartium. Fdam. adhering to the gerraen. Stig. adnate,
downy. •
343. Genista. depressing the keel. Standard refiexed.
344. Ulex. Cal. 2-leaved. Pods scarcely longer than the calyx.
340. Anthyi.hs. Cat turgid, inclosing tbe |K)d.
345. Ononis. Cat 5-parted. Porfs rhomboid, sessile. Afanrfarrf striated.
** Stigma pubescent, (without the marks of the frst division. J
340. Orobus. Style linear, almost cylindrical, downy above.
347. PlsUM. iSVj/fe keeled and downy above.
349. Latiiyrits. Style flat and downy above.
350. VitlA. .SVy/Ie bearded under the stigma.
351. Ervum. Xtignia capitate, pubescent on every part.
**• Pod 2-celled, ( leithout the marks of the first and second divisions.)
35,5. Astragalus. CofI 2-celled, gibbous.
• ••• Pod generally \ -seeded, ( without the marks of the former divisinm.)
350. Trifolium. Pod scarcely longer than the calyx, 1 or tuaiiy-
seeded, not opening, deciduous. Flow, capitate.
»ASS XVII. niADKLPHlA. ORDER IV. DECANDRIA.
Pod somewhat joinit-d, ( without the marks of the former divisions.)
. Hkdysarum. joints compressed, 1 -seeded. /TeeZ verj' obtuse.
. OuxiTiioi’l's. Pod jointed, oovved, cylindrical.
. Hi I’l’OCREPls. Pod compressed, membranous; one ed^e with
many curved notches.
. Medicaco. Pod spiral, compressed. Pistil pressing down the
keel.
Pod \-ceUed, many-seeded, ( without the marks of the former
divisions, )
C
Lotus. Pod cylindrical, stufl'ed. Wings converging longitu-
dinally upwards.
( 70 )
3-10
CLASS XVII. DIADELPHIA.
ORDER II. HEXANDRIA.
LIN.VEAN NAMES.
FUMARIA.
1 SdlitUi
2 liitca
3 oOicinalis .
4 parviflora .
5 capreolata .
fi claviculata.
ENGLISH NAMES,
FUMITORY,
solid bulbous ....
Groves
Old walls
Cult. gr.
Corn fi.
j'ellow
common
small flowered
ramping I Corn fi. !
white climbing ...| Thickets
ORDER III. OCTANDRIA.
Colour
of the
Flower.
Time of
Flowering.
Huration.
1 Figure
1 in English
Botany. I
purpleish
4,5
P.
1471.
yellow...
5
P.
588.
rose
5-8
A.
589.
rose
8,9
A.
590.
flesh ...
6-9
A.
943.
wliite ...
6,7
A.
103.
341
POLYGALA.
MILK-WORT.
1 vulgaris
common
Dry pas.
blue ...
6,7
P.
76.
ORDER IV. DECANDRIA.
342
SPARTIUM.
BROOM.
1 .scoparium
common
Dry hills
yellow...
5,6
S.
1339.
343
GENISTA.
GREEN-WEED.
1 tinctoria
dyer’s
Dry pas.
yellow...
7,8
s.
44.
2 pilosa
hairy
San.heiu!
yellow...
5
s.
2oa
Moi.hea.
yellow...
5,6
s.
132.
344
ULEX.
FURZE.
1 europaeus
common
San. haa.
yellow...
5-12
s.
742.
2 nanus......
Dry liea.
yellow...
8-10
s.
743.
345
ONONIS.
REST-IIARRO\
V.
1 arvensis
common
Bar. pas.
rose
6-8
p.
082.
( 70 )
"ASS XVII. DIADELPHIA. ORDER II. HEXANDRIA.
SPECIFIC CIIAIIACTER.
.‘DO. FUMARIA.
m simple, erect : L. biternate : braetem palmate, longer than the
pedunc.
t ds almost C3 lind. shorter than the |)edunc : stems angular : bracteie
minute : spnr very short, rounded.
Ikes loose: pods 1 -seeded, globose, notched: stem diffuse: lead,
with dilated segments.
ikes loose: pods 1 -seeded, globose, acuminate: stem diffuse : lead,
with linear channelled segments.
ikes loose: pods 1 -seeded, globose: stem climbing : petioles twisted :
lead, wedge-shaped, lobed.
ds lanceolate, smooth, generally 3-seeded : stem climbing : petioles
tendrilled.
ORDER III. OCTANDRIA.
341. POLYGALA.
. racemose, crested : stems herbaceous, simple, procumbent : L.
linear lanceolate.
ORDER IV. DECANDRIA.
342. SPARTIUM.
ternate and solitary : branches thornless, angular.
343. GENISTA.
. lanceolate, smooth : branches cylind. striated, erect, thornless.
. obovate-lanceolate, obtuse, hairy beneath : stem tubercled, decum-
bent, without thorns.
)ines simple : dowering branches without spines : L. ovate-lanceolate.
344. ULEX.
dj'x-teeth indistinct, converging : bracteae ovate, loose : branches
erect.
iljTi-teeth lanceolate, spreading : bracteae minute, close-pressed :
branches reclining.
tem hairy : branches at length spinous: B’l. mostly solitary : L.
generally simple, entire behind.
345. ONONIS.
( 71 )
34fi
3J7
348
348
350
CLASS XVII. DIADELPHIA.
ORDER IV. DECANDRIA.
LINNEAK NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
Soil
or
Situation.
Colour
of tlie
Mower.
1 Time of j
Flowering. \
Duration. 1
^ •
2 ecc
Lt, 5
cQ
ANTIIYLLIS.
KIDNEY-VETCH.
I
vulneraria
PISUM.
lady’s finger
PEA.
dial, pas
yellow...
6-8
p.
104.
I
inaritimum
0 ROB US.
sea
BITTER-VETC
Sea shore
H.
blue ...
7
p.
1046.
1
purple...
cream ...
5,6
5,6
p.
11.53.
2 sylvaticus
LATHVRUS.
wood
LATHYRUS.
M. w'o.l
p.
5ia
I
Apliaca
yellow veteliling
San. fi.!
yellow...
6-8
A.
116/.
2
J'lissoira
crimson grassy ...
Bushy pi.
crimson
5
A.
112.1
3
hirsutus
rough podded ...
Bor. of fi !
purple...
7
A.
1
4
pratensis
yellow meadow...
Mea.pas.
yellow...
7,8
P.
6/0. ’
5
sylvestris
narrow-leaved ...
iMoi. wo.
purple...
7,8
P.
805.
8
latifoiius
everlasting pea...
Woods !
rose......
7,8
P.
iloa
7
palustris
VICIA.
marsh
VETCH.
Moi. wo.
blue
7,8
P.
KiU.-
j
1
7.» 1
P.
^ 1
79.
2
Cracca
tufted
Hedges
violet ...
7,8 j
P.
1168.
3
«•
purple...
blue
A.
334
4
latliyroides ...
spring-
h'allow fi.
4,5
A.
30.
5
lutea
rough-podded ...
Sea sh )i c
3'ellow...
8
P.
481. ,
( 71 )
>ASS XVII. DIAnELPHIA. OUDER IV. DECANDRIA.
SrECIFIC CHARACTER.
346. ANTHYLLIS.
lerbaceous : L. pinnate, unequal : head double.
347. PISUlAI.
"etioles flattish above: stem angular, stipulm sagittate: peduncles
many-flovv.
348. OROBUS.
nnate, elliptic-lanceolate : stipul® semi-sagittate, toothed at the
base : stem simple.
s decumbent, hirsute, branched : lead, numerous.
349. LATHYRUS.
Peduncles X-Jloieered.
«
Irils leadess : stipul® sagittate-cordate.
me. mostly 1-dovv : L. simple : stipul® aw l-shaped.
** Peduncles 2-Jloii'ered.
Irils 2-leaved ; lead, linear-lanceolate : pods hairy : seeds rough.
*•* Peduncles nmny-Jlnh:.
•
Irils 2-leaved, mostly simple; leadets lanceolate,
ijils 2-leaved ; leadets ensitorm : stem w inged.
Irils 2-leaved ; leadets elliptical : stem w inged.
Irils many-leaved : stipul® lanceolate, acuminate.
3r.n. viciA.
* Pcdunc. elongated, many-Jlow.
B. elliptical : stipul® lunate, toothed.'
imbricated: lead, lanceolate, pubescent: stipul® semi-sagittate,
mostly entire.
Flowers axillary, almost sessile.
3 sessile, mostly in pairs, nearly' erect : lower leaves blunt : stipul®
marked, toothed : seeds smooth.
3 sessile, solitary, smooth : L. about 3-pair ; lowermost blunt :
stipul® entire : .seeds tubercled.
s sessile, solitary, hairy, redexed : stems diffuse : stipul® coloured :
standard smooth.
A a
( 72 )
351
352
353
354
355
350
CLASS XVII. DIADELPIIIA.
ORDER IV. DfXANDRIA.
LINNEAN NAMES.
VICIA.
(i hybrida
7 IfEvigata
8 sepium ...
9 bithynica
ERVUM.
1 tetrasparmum
2 hirsutum
ORNITIIOPUS.
1 perpusillus
HIPPOCREPIS.
1 coraosa
ENGLISH NAMES.
VETCH.
hairy flowered yel.
smooth-podded ...
HEDYSARUM.
1 Onobrycliis ..
ASTRAGALUS.
1 giycyphjilus ...
2 hypog'lottis ...
3 uralensis ...
4 campestris...
TRI FOLIUM.
«
1 officinale
2 ornilhopodioides
repens
bush
rough-podded ..
TARE.
smooth
hairy
BIRD’S-FOOT.
common
tufted
SAIXTFOIX.
common .
MILK-VETCH,
sweet
purple mountain
hairy mountain ..
yellowish mount.
TREFOIL.
melilot ....
bii d’s-foot .
white clover ..
Soil
or
Situation.
Colour
ot the
Flower.
Time of
Flowering.
Duration.
Thickets!
vellow...
(i
p.
Sea sh.!
purple...
8
p.
Hedges
blue
5,6
p.
San. fi.l
purple...
7,8
p.
Corn fi.
purple...
6
A.
Corn h.
blue
6
A.
Dry pas.
reddish
5
A.
/ETCH.
dial. hil.
yellow...
5-8
P.
dial. pas.
•
rose
*',7
P.
dial. wo.
yellow...
6
•
P.
San. hea.
purple...
<>,7
P.
Sc. alps
inirple...
7
P.
Higblan.
varie*!;...
7
P.
Bushy pi.
yellow...
<»,7
.V.
Bar. hea.
reddish
6,7
A.
Meadow
white ...
5-9
P.
OIjZ “
cC
482.
483.1
151.5.
1842.
1223.
970.
m.
203.
274
4(K’
2522
1340-
1047.
1700.
t\SS XVII. DIADELPHIA. ORDER IV. DECANDRIA.
SPECIFIC CHAllACTEB.
VICIA.
’ods sessile, solitary, reflexed, hairy : standard villous : lead, nntfhcd.
-*ods sessile, solitary, retlexed, smooth : stems nearly erect : L. very
smooth.
’ods on stalks, about four together, erect, smooth : leatl. ovate,
obtuse : outer ones gradually smaller.
”ods on stalks, solitary, erect, rough : leatl. 2-pair, elliptic-lanceolate :
stipula; toothed.
3jl. ERVUM.
'edunc. 2-flow : pods smooth, many-seeded.
'edunc. many-flow: pods hairy, 2-seeded.
.352. ORNITIIOPUS.
... pinnate : pods incurved.
353. HIPPOCREPIS.
ods peduncled, crowded, bowed, waved on the outer margin.
354. HEDYSARUM.
.. pinnate : pods 1 -seeded, aculeate ; wings of the cor. as long as the
calyx : stem elongated.
355. ASTRAGALUS.
Aulescent, prtrstrate : pods almost triangular, bowed : L. longer than
the peduncle; leatl. ovate.
I lulescent, prostrate: Kl. capitate: pods ovate, hairy, channelled on
the back, hooked at the apex.
3 einless : stalk erect, longer than the leaves: pods oblong, inflated,
villous, erect.
•1 «raless : stalk ascending : leatl. lanceolate, acute : pods ovate, in-
flated, villous, erect.
35f;. TRIFOLIUM.
• Poihs nuked, many-seeded.
I >ds racemose, naked, 2-seeded, rugose, acute : stem erect.
■- »ds naked, IJ-seeded, mostly 3-together, twice as long as tbe calyx:
stems declining.
, •* Polls covered, many-seeded.
•S -ads like nmlrels : pods 4-seeded : stem cree])ing.
( n )
CLASS XVII. DIADF.LPHIA.
ORDER IV. DECANDRIA.
LINXEAX NAMES.
TRTi^ni rr^M
ENULISII NAMES.
TREFOIL.
St.il
or
Situation.
0“ -5
“ o
. ei.
0 .E
- ^
Duration.
S aCi”
at, “ -
«««
4
.suhterranemii
subterraneous ...
Bar. hea.
white ...
5
A.
1048.
5
ochroloucum ...
sulphur-coloured
Dry past.
sulphur
*>,7
P.
1224
f.
common red clover
Mea.pas.
purple...
5-9
P.
1770.
7
Dry past.
purple...
7
P.
190.'
8
maritimum
teasel-headed ...
Salt mar.
purple...
e,7
A.
220.
!>
stellatum
starry-headed ...
So. coast
purple...
7
A.
1545.
10
flesh ...
7,8
A.
944.
11
white ...
5,()
A.
903.
12
gloineratum ...
round-headed ...
Grav. pa.
rose
8
A.
1063.
13
purple...
wliite ...
0
A.
1843.
14
St'a shore
8,7
A.
1049.
««««
15
f'raf(il't“rum
strawberry -headed
Moi. pas.
Hesh ...
7,8
P.
10.50.
10
procumbens ...
hop
Dry past.
yellow ...
8,7
A.
!I45.
17
18
Grav. gr.
yellow ...
yellow...
A.
1256,
1257!
A.
LOTUS.
BIUD’S-h'OOT TllKFOll
1
yellow...
yellow...
ti-8
P.
2090.1
O
Wet s.gr.
Rocks ...
7,8
P.
2091.
3
clifl'iisiis
yellow...
p.:-
925.,
c 7-'i )
.ASS XVII. niADF.I.rillA. ORDKR IV. DKCANDRIA.
SrECIFIC CHARACTER.
TRIKOI.IUM.
••• Ciif^xes geiicralli/ villou.<t.
Heads villous, about 4-How: involucre central, reHexed, rigid, star-like,
enibraciug the fruit.
Head villous: stem erect, pubescent: lower leafl. obcordate : lower
tootb of tbe calyx very long.
Spikes dense : stems ascending : cor. unerpial : cal. with four of the
teeth etpial : stipiila? awued.
Spikes loose : stems flexuose, branched : cor. nearly eriual : stipulae
linear, awl-shaped.
Spikes hairy, globose : cal. teeth leafy, at length spreading : stipula;
lanceolate : leafl. obovate.
Spikes hairy : stipulae elliptical : cal. teeth leafy, etptal : stem diffuse :
leafl. obcordate.
Spikes very villous, cylind : calyx-teeth setaceous, longer than the
cor : leafl. obovate-lirrear.
Heads sessile, lateral, ovate: calyx-teeth unequal, permanent, rigid,
recurved.
Heads hemispherical, sessile, laieral, smooth: cal3'X-teeth cordate,
reHexed, veiny.
Heads sessile, lateral and terminal, ovate : cal. elliptical, hairy, fur-
ron ed ; teeth setaceous.
Heads sessile, lateral, roundish, almost smooth : calj’x-teeth lanceo-
late, acute, recurved, longer than the corolla.
Calyxes inflated, ventrirose.
Heads roundish : cal. inflated, 2-toothed, reflexed: stems creeping.
*•••• Standards dejlexed, at length scarinse.
Spikes oval, imbricated : standard deflexed, permanent, furroHpd :
stems procumbent : leafl. obovate.
Spikes hemispherical: peduuc. straight: standard nearly smooth:
stems prostrate: common petiole shorti’st at the base.
Spikes (d’ few-flow. lax: pedune. waved: standard smooth: stems
prostrate : leafl. all nearly sessile.
* 357. LOTUS. j
Heads depressed, few-flow : stems decumbent, solid : pods cylind. |
sjn eading : claw of the keel ohf.vate.
Heads depressed, many-flow : stems erect, hollow: pods cylind.
spreading : claw of the keel linear.
Pedune. mostly 1-How: stem much branched, decumbent ; L. and cal.
hairy: pods cylind. straight, very slender.
( 7* )
CLASS XVII. DIADKLPHIA. ORDER IV. DECANDRIa.
LINXEAV NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
Soil
or
LiHiion.
.
Sit
0‘S !S
"ot—
'c.z
o t
5
.III
MEDICAGO.
MEDICK.
j/5
^ Ou.
C
Mea. pas.
violet ...
6,7
p.
174!l.
Bor. of fi.
Pasture
Grav.pas.
yellow...
yellow...
yellow...
7
5-8
5,6
p.
A.
A.
1016.
071.
•16m
3 lupiilina
4 maciilata
nonesuch
spotted
5 muricata
Hat-toothed
yellow'...
yellow...
6
A.
(> minima
little bur
Clial.so.
6
A.
f 74 )
Lass xvii. diadelphia.
ORDER IV. DECANDIUA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
358. MEDICAGO.
Pedunc. racemose : pods twisted : stem erect, smooth.
Pedimc. racemose : pods lunate : stem procumbent.
Spikes ovate: pods renifonn, veiny, wrinkled, 1-seeded: stem pro-
cumbent.
Pedimc. 2 or 3-flow' : lead, obcordate, spotted : stipulm dilated : pods
depressed, fringed with long bristles. A/, polj/morpha, Eng.
Hot.
Pedunc. 2 or 3-flow: stipulm deeply toothed : lead, obovate: pods de-
jiressed, with short radiating teeth. Pink. Phi/t. t. 113. <».
Pedunc. manv-flow’ : stipulm haif-ovate, undivided : lead, ohovate :
pods orbicular, hairy, with divaricated hooked spines. Flor.
Dan. t. 211.
CLASS XVIII.
POLYADELPHIA.
H
VPERICUM.
ORDER IV. POLYANDRIA.
Cal. 5-parted, inferior. Pet. 5. Filam. in 3 or 5
sets, united at the base. Caps, many-seeded.
(. 75 )
CLASS XVIII. POLYADFXPHIA
. ORDER IV. POLYAXDRI.Y
_ c
O
J3 •
LINNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NA3IES.
X
c'-^i
= $
0
^ rr
oO C 5
HYPERICUM.
ST. .lOHVS WORT.
1
calycinuni § ...
larjje-flowered ...
Ir. thick
yellow...
7,9
P.
2017.
2
Androsoemum
tutsan
Woods !
yellow'...
7,!1
P.
1225.
3
(liiadranguliim
square
Aloi.uiea.
yellow...
7,3
P.
370,
4
pertdratum
perforated
Bushy pi.
yellow...
7,«
P.
295.
5
dubium
imperforated
M. thick.
yellow...
7,8
P.
29&
C
liumifu-sum
trailing
Pastures
yellow...
7
P.
1226.!
7
p.
.‘^71.
8
Sc, thick
9,111
p.
1986.
9
p.
1156.'
10
pulchram
small upright ...
AYoods
yellow...
7
P.
1
1227. j
11
elodes
marsh
yellow...
7,8
P.
109.:
( 7.'') )
.ASS XVIII. FOLYADELPIIIA. order IV.POLYANDRIA.
SPECIFIC CIIAUACTER.
:W!). HYPERICUM.
^ Styles H. solitary: stem shrubby, branclied, square: cal. seoynents
blunt: L. oblong.
[•Styles 3: raps berry -like : stem shrubby, 2-e(l';e(l.
[■Styles : stem quadraugular, herbaceous: L. witli pellucid dots: load.
I of the calyx lanceolate.
IStvles 3 : stem 2-ed>fed : L. obtuse, vritb pellucid dots: lead, of the
calyx lanceolate.
[styles 3 : stem obsoletely quadrangular: L. obtuse, without dots : lead.
I of the calyx elliptical.
[styles 3 : d. somew hat cymose : stem 2-edged, prostrate : L. elliptical,
smooth.
Styles 3: cal. yvitb glaadular serratures : stem erect, cylindrical, smooth:
L. ovate, naked.
[styles 3 : cal. and pet, fringed, and dotted : L. ovate, smooth : stem
erect, slightly angular.
[Styles 3: cal. with glandular serratures : stem erect, cylindrical: L.
ovate, puhescout.
IStvIes 3: cal. with glandular serratures: stem cylindrical: L. em-
bracing the stem, cordate, smooth.
[styles 3 : stem cylind. creeping, villous as well as the leaves, which
are roundish : panicle few-dow.
CLASS XIX. SYNGENKSIA. ORDER I. POLYGAMIA .EQUAIAS.
37tj- CakduuS. Cal. ventrico.se, imbricated; .scales spinous, liecept.
Iiairy. Pappun deciduous, capillary, rou;;li..
377‘ Cnici'S. Cal. veiitricose, imbricated ; scales spinous. liecept.
Iiairy. Pappus deciduous, plumose.
37b. OxOPOIU)UM. C'flI. veiitricose ; scales spreadiiif^, .spinous, liecept.
honey-combed, somewhat cliall’y.
375. Seru.VTULA. Cal. nearly cylindrical, imbricated ; scales not
jirickly. Pappus permanent.
Centaurea 2.
Florets all tubular., erect., parallel, dense, Jlattisk at top.
3H1. Eui’ATOUIU Jl. Recept. naked. Pappus roug'h. Cal. oblong,
imbricated. Stple semibifid, |)rojecting. 1
332. CllRYSOCOMA. AVcc/it. naked. Pappus rau^h. CnI. imbricated,
hemispherical. Siplc scarcely longer than the
Horets.
330. Bidens. Recept. chaffy. Pappus rough backw ards. Cal. many-
leaved. Cur. sometimes radiated.
333. SantoliNA. i?ercy;t. chaffy. Pappus[). (V/I. imbricated, hemis-
pherical.
Tanaeetum. Senccio 1. Aster 1. Anthemis 2.
ORDER II. POLYGAMIA SUPER FLEA.
384.
383.
383.
337.
330,
* Discoid. Florets of the. radius obsolete. i ■
Tanacetum. liecept. naked. Seeds crowned. Cal. liemis- I
jiherical, imbricated. Florets of the radius •
3-cleR, obsolete, sometimes none. j
CONYZA. Recept. naked. Pappxts rough. Cal. imbricated, |
roundish. Florets of the radius 3-clet't. |
Gnai’UAI.IUM. Recept. naked. Cal. converging, as high as the 1
florets. Florets in the disk few, berm.; in the
radius imnierous, filiform, fem. all fertile. Pap- '
pus sessile, capillary, deciduous. j
AntENXAIIIa. liecept. furrowisl. Cal. imbricated, scariose, j
coloured. Flor. dioicous : male with antli. | I
2-awued at the base; stig. lopped, and [lappus I i
liencil-sliaped : fem. filiform ; stani. 0 ; pappus
capillary.
Artemisia, liecept. naked or villous. Pappus 0. Cal. imbri-
cated, scales rounded, converging. Flnrett
of the riuliiis subulate, entire.
Tussilago 2, 3.
** Radiate. Florets of the radius lis^ulate.
3!)7. Bei.i.is. liecept. naked, conical. Pappus U. Cal. liemispliericali
scales eipial. Seeds obovate.
1
XIX. SYNGKNESIA. OHD. II. POLYGAMIA SUPEHKLIJA.
iNlATRiCARlA. Uccept. naked, almost cylinflrieal. Pappus (I.
Cal. flattish, imbricated with scales, scariose at
tire maif^in.
f HRYSAJJTHEjrtTM. JieccpI. naked. Pajjptis 0. Cal. hemis-
pherical, imbricated, with scales dilated, and
membranons at the marj^in.
Pyrethrum. Rercpt. naked. Pappus marj;inafe. Cal. hemis-
pherical, imbriwited, vrith sharpish scales sca-
riose at the margin.
DoROVicujr. liecept. naked. Pappus simple. Seeds of the
radius awnless. Cal. scales in a double order,
equal, longer than the disk.
Intl.u liecept. naked. Pappus simple. Cal. imbricated. Cor.
of the radius linear, very numerous. Antherea
with 2-hristles at the base.
Erigeron. Reccpt. naked. Pappus simple. Cal. imbricated.
Car. of the radius linear, very nariovrq nu-
merous.
Soi.inAGO. Recept. naked, scrohiciilate. Pappus simple. Cal.
imbricated w'ith converging scales. Florets of
the radius about 5.
Aster. Recept. naked. Pappus simple. Cal. imbricated,
lowenmost scales spreading. Florets of the
radius more than ten.
Sexecio. Recept. naked. Pappus simiile. Cal. cylindrical,
many-leaved, equal, caiycled ; scales dead at
the tip.
Tussilago. Recept. naked. Pappus simple. Cal. simple, many-
leaved, erpial, somewhat membranous, ventricose
at the base.
CiNER.ARIA. 7?m/d. naked. Poy;/)«.v simple. fV/h sinqile, many-
leaved, equal, cylindrical.
ANTHEMIS. Recept. chaffy. Pappus scarcely marginate. Cal.
hemispherical; scales nearly equal. Florets of
the radius more than .5, oblong.
Aciiii.eea. Recept. chaffy. Pappus 0. Cal. ovafe, imbricated,
unerpial. Florets of the radius 5-10, roundish,
or obcordate.
Ridens 2.
ORDER III. POLYGAMIA FRUSTRANEA.
CextauREA. Recept. bristly. Pappus simple. Cor. of the
radius funnel-shaped, irregular, longer than
those of the disk.
( 7C> )
3fi0
361
362
363
CLASS XIX. SYNGENESIA. ORDER I. POLYGAMIA ^QUaL1&
364
36.")
366
367
LIXNEAN NAMES.
TRAGOPOGON.
1 prateiisis
2 ijorrifolius
IlELMINTHIA.
1 echioides
ENGLISH NAMES.
GOAT’S BEARD.
Past. ...
PICRIS.
1 liieracioides ...
SOXCHUS.
1 ciEiuleus ...
2 palustris .,
3 arvensis
4 (ileraceus ..
LACTUCA.
1 viro.sa
2 Scariola
3 saligiui
j'ellow
salsafy, dr purple
HELMINTHIA.
■ bristly
OX-TONGUE,
hawkvveed
SOW-THISTLE,
blue
tall marsh ,
corn
commou .
PRENANTHES.
1 nuiralis
LEONTODON.
1 Taraxacum ..
2 palustre
TIIRINCIA.
1 birta
LETTUCE.
strong-scented ...
L'ickli'
Moi.mea.
Bor. of fi.
Bor. of fi.
Alp. pas.!
Riv. ban.
Corn fi.
Eields...
Chal.ban
Rubble !
Chal.ban.
least ^
WALL-LETTUCE,
ivy-leaved ! Woods
DANDELION.
IMea. p;is.
marsli Moi. pas.
THRINCIA.
simple-haired ...Grav.|M.
^ 1> u
O w J
Duration.
. .
5 tec
iiC s
yellow..
6
B.
434.
purple..
5,6
B.
638.|
1
3’ellow...
A.
1
*972.
yellow...
7,6
B.
m
i
blue ...
7,6
P.
242il
J’ellow...
7,6
P.
935.
J'ellow..
«
P.
fi/i
J’ellow...
7-'J
A.
84a
{
J’ellow...
«,!)
B.
1957.'
J’ellow...
6
B.
268. M
J’ellow...
8
B.
707.1
'1
J’ellow...
7
P.
457.'
:
J’ellow...
4-7
P.
510.'
yellow...
6,7
P.
553.:
yellow...
7,6
P.
•555. 1
( 76 )
S XIX. SYNGF.NESIA. ORDER I. POLYGAMIA iEQUALIS.
SPECIFIC CHARACTEU.
3li0. TRAGOPOGON.
’aljTi about enual to the corolla : L. entire, keeled, acuniiiiate, dilated
at the base : peduiie. cjlind.
al. half as long again as the cor: L. entire, straight: pedunc. thicker
upwards.
3til. HELMIXTHIA.
PicRis, £ng. Hot.
.. waved ; upper ones heart-shaped, clasping the stem.
3fi2. PICRIS.
tern erect, rough : L. lanceolate, toothed, clasping the stem : El.
corjmibose : cal. lax.
363. SONCHUS.
dune, and cal. bristly, racemose : L. somewhat lyrate ; terminal lobe
large, deltoid.
•edunc. and cal. bristly, somewhat umbellate : L. runcinate, sagittate
at the base, rough in the margin.
edunc. and cal. bristly, somewhat umbellate : L. runcinate, denticu-
lated, cordate at the base : root creeping,
dune, tomentous : calyx smooth : L. runcinate, toothed.
364. LACTUCA.
. horizontal, denticulated, prickly on the keel.
. vertical, sinuated, denticulated, prickly on the keel,
hastate-linear or pinnatitid, sessile, jirickly on the heel.
365. PREXAXTHES.
.orets five : L. runcinate.
366. LEONTODOX.
cter scales of the calyx reflexed : L. runcinate, toothed, smooth.
2 Iter scales of the calyx shorter, erect, ovate : L. sinuated, toothed,
almost smooth.
367. THRINCIA.
Hedypnois, Eng. Hot.
li
Iks 1-flow : cal. smoothish, scaly at the base : L. lanceolate,
toothed, rough.
C C
( 77 )
CLASS XIX. SYNGKNKSIA. OlIDKR I. POLYGA.MIA /F.QUALIS.
C
~ ll
0 .z
0
LIXXEAN’ NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
• T. ^
V i
-
i 0 ’
c ?
5
APAUGIA.
IIAWKBIT.
1
liispida
roiig-h
dial. pas.
yellow...
7
P.
2
Taraxaci
alpine
8
p.
' 3
1
autumnalis
autumnal
Mea. pas.
yellow...
8
P.
IIIERACIUM.
»
HAWKVVEED.
1
alpinum
alpine single flow.
Alp. roc.
yellow...
7
P.
2
Pilosella
mouse-ear
Ury past
yellow...
5-7
P.
3
dnOium
branch, mouse-ear
Hills !
yellow...
7,8
P.
4
Auricida-|-
orang’c mouse-ear
Mount.
yellow...
7,8
P.
5
aurantiacum ...
great orange
Sco. wo.
orang'e...
7
P.
»c«
0
7
p.
7
maculatiini
stained-leaved ...
Alp. roc.
yellow...
8
P.
8
8
p.
9
pulmonarium...
lungwort
Sc. roc.
yellow...
7
P.
10
Lawsoni
glaucous hairy ...
N.ofEng
yellow...
7
P.
11
paludosura
succory lea. mount
Mount.
yellow...
7
P.
12
7,8
P.
13
cerinthoides ...
honey-wort
Sc. roc.
yellow...
8
P.
14
viilo.sum
shaggy alpine ...
Alp. roc.
yellow...
8
P.
15
sabaudum
shrubby broad leav.
Groveii
yellow...
8,9
P.
10
denticulatum ...
small-toothed ...
Sc. wo.
yellow...
8,9
P.
.IfiS
»
:i()9
i-
:= >1
3 oCS
f 5
“ =&
*554.
•uao.l*
1110.
1003.
2332.
2308.
1409.
2082,
2121,
2031.
2307.
2033.
1094
2210.
2378.
2379
349
2122
( 77 )
ASS XIX. SYNGEXESIA. OHDER 1. EOLYGAMIA vEQUAl.lS.
SPECIFIC CHAIEVCTER.
368. APARGI.V.
Hedypxois, Eng. Hot.
Stalks 1 -flow : L. toothed, rough: florets hairy at their oritice : glan-
dular at the apex.
! Stalks mostly 1 -flow : L. with reversed teeth, smooth : calyx liairy.
• Stalks branched : pedicels scaly : 1... lanceolate, toothed or pimiatifid,
nearh' smooth.
369. HIERACIUIM.
• Stalk nakfd, 1-^uic.
L. oblong, entire, toothed : stalk almost naked, 1 -flow : calyx hairy.
: L. elliptical, ver\' entire, downy beneath ; stolons creeping.
** Stalk naked., many.Jlow.
• L. elliptic-lanceolate, mostly very entire, hairy : stolons creeping.
k L. lanceolate, entire : stolons creeping : stalk almost naked, umbelled.
• L. elliptical, entire : stalk almost naked, simple, hairy, corymbif'erous.
Stem leafy.
• Stem corymbose, 1-leaved: L. cordate-ovate, waved, toothed back-
wards, chiefly at the base.
Stem hollow, cymose, many-leaved : L. ovate-lanceolate, w itli teeth,
pointing forward.
■ Stem pauicled, leafy : L. ovate-lanceolate, toothed, chiefly at the base ;
teeth pointing forward.
• Stem cymose, solid, few-leaved : L. lanceolate, deeply toothed ; teeth
pointing forward.
• Stem branched, few-leaved : L. elliptic-lanceolate, decurrent, glaucous,
fringed, nearly entire.
Stem pamcled, hollow : L. cordate, embracing the stem, toothed,
smooth : calyx rough.
’ Stem pauicled, hollow : L. lanceolate, obsoletely toothed, hairy, em-
bracing the stem ; lower ones petioled.
• Stem corymbose, solid : L. hairy, somewhat toothed; upper ones half
clasping the stem ; radical ones ovate, decurrent.
Stem leafy, somewhat branched : L. hairy, wavy, and toothed ; radical
ones lanceolate ; those on the stem ovate, embracing.
• Stem erect, many-How : L. ovate-lanceolate, toothed, serrated, half-
embracing the stem, rongh beneath.
" Stem erect, many-flow' : L. sessile, elliptic-lanceolate, finely toothed,
smoothish, glaucous beneath : pedunc. downy.
{ 78 )
370
371
372
373
374
375
CLASS XIX SYNGICNESIA. ORDER I. POLYGA.MIA iEQUALia
LINNEAN NAMES.
HIERACIU.M.
17 iironantlioides
ENGLISH NAMES.
HAWK-WEED.
rouf^li-hordered...
c
— o
fc" w
« ° 5
- V
'c-Zo
. ^
© .5
V ^
E it
©
I
-
©
^ , 0
Sco. wo.
yellow...
8,9
P.
22.3S.
li! umhcliatuiii ...
narrow leaved ...
Woods
yellow...
8,9
P.
1771.
CREPIS.
IIAWK’S-BEAI
ID.
vellovv...
fi,7
B.
4U6.
2 piilclira
small-flowered ...
Sc. roc.!
yellow...
(1-9
A.
2325.
yellow...
yellow...
8-9
A.
1111.
dial. pa.
«,7
B.
im
HYPOCIIyERIS.
CAT’S-EAR.
Clial. hil.
yellow...
7
P.
225.
San. hea.
yellow...
8-8
A.
575.
3 radicata
long rooted
Mea. pas.
yellow...
8-8
P.
o31.
LAPSAN.V.
NIPPLE-WOin
yellow...
yellow...
A.
1144.
2 pu.silla
Grav. fi.
8
A.
•115.
CICHORIUM.
SUCCORY.
Grav. so.
7,8
P.
539.
ARCTIUM.
BURDOCK.
purple...
purple...
7,8
B.
1228.
2 Rardana
woolij'-headed ...
Wa. gr.
7,8
B.
2478.
SERRATULA.
SAW-WORT.
1 tiiu'torifi
purple...
purple...
7,8
P.
;ia
2 alpiuii
Alp. roc.
7,8
P.
599.
( 7S )
•SS XIX. SYXGEXESIA. ORDER I. POLYG.YMIA .EQUAl.IS,
SPECIFIC ciiahacter.
HIERACIUM.
Stem erect, niany-flow : I,, eiiihracinfj the stem, somewhat toothetl,
roujfli at the edjje ; lower ones ohiong : pedunc. downy.
Stem erect, somewhat iimhellate: L. linear, slij^htlj^ toothed,
scattered.
370. CKEPIS.
L. rimcinate-pinnatifid, hairy : petioles toothetl : stem haiiy : calyx
tomentons.
L. downy, toothed; those on the stem somewhat arrowshaped : stem
panicled, corymbose: cal. pyramidal, smooth.
L. radical runcinate; those on the stem embracing', lanceolate,
toothed: stem smooth.
L. nmcinate-pinnatifid, rough ; forepart of the lobes toothed : calyx
bristly, somewhat tomentons.
371. HYPOCHjERIS.
Stem solitary, nearly naked, mostly simple: L. ovate-oblong, entire,
toothetl.
Almost smooth : cal. oblong, imbricated : stems branched, somewhat
leafy: L. dentate-sinuated.
L. runcinate, obtuse, rough : stems branched, naked, smooth : pe-
duncles scaly.
:i72. I.APSAXA.
Cal. when in fruit angular : stem panicled, peduncles filiform.
■Stemless : stalks subdivided, swelling and hollow at top : L. ohovate.
Hyontris minima. Eng. lint.
373. CICHORIU.M.
FI. in pairs, sessile : L. runcinate.
374. ARCTIUM.
Ij. cordate, without jirickles, petioled : cal. without cottony down.
1 L. cordate, without prickles, petioled, nearly entire : cal. interwoven
w itii cottony down.
375. SERRATULA.
L. serrated, finely ciliated, lyrate-pinnatifid ; terminal lobe largest :
florets unifimm : pappus ronghish.
,al. somewhat hairy, ovate: L. undivided, woolly beneath : pappus
pi umose.
( 7!) )
:{7(i
377
378
379
CLASS XIX. SYNGENESIA. ORDER I. POLYGAMIA jEQUALIS.j
c
_ o
- (.*
= ^ C/
. fcl
C
C
C
-
LIXNEAN XAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
® c
^ is
£/: 3
c if
S
CARDUUS.
THISTLE.
1
7,8
A.
1112.
2
acanthoides ...
wcllud
\Va. gr.
purple...
8,7
A.
973.
3
temiiHorus
slender flowered
Banks !
purple...
8,7
A.
412.
««
4
purple...
8
A.
976.
cNicns.
PLUME-THIST
LE.
1
lanceolatus ...
spear
Bank-s ...
purple...
8,9
B.
*107.
2
paliistris
marsh
iMoi.jras.
purple...
7,8
B.
*97d.
3
arvensis
creeping
R(iad si.
purple...
7
P.
*975.
4
erioplioriis
woolly-headed ...
dial. pas.
purple...
8
B.
•388.
5
purple...
8
P.
2582.
8
helerophj'Uus
melancholy
M. Alp. p.
purple...
7,8
P.
•875.
7
pratensis
meadow
Moi. pas.
purple...
8
P.
•177.
!!
purple...
7,8
P.
•181.
ONOPORDUM.
COTTON-THIS
TLE.
1
Acanthiiini ...
common
Grav.ba.
purple...
7
B.
977.
CARLINA.
CARLINE-TllISTLE.
1
vulgaris
common
Dry pas.
pur. ish.
8
B.
1144.
( 7i) )
,ASS XIX. SYXGEXESIA. ORDER I. POLYGAiMlA TEQUAEIS.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
370. CARDUUS.
• Leaves liecurrent.
1 L. interruptedly decurrent, spinous : flow, drooping : caU scales lan-
ceolate, spreading upwards.
L. decurrent, sinuated, spinous : cal. globular, somewhat peduncled ;
scales linear, recurved.
3 L. decurrent, sinuated, spinous, tomentous : cal. almost cylindrical,
aggregate, sessile : scales lanceolate, nearly erect.
*• Leaves sessile.
\4 L. embracing the stem, wavy, spinous ; radical ones pinnatifid : cal.
scales leafy, bent backward, spinous at the margin.
377. CNICUS.
* Leaves decurrent.
1 L. decurrent, pinnatifid, hispid ; segments divaricated: cal. ovate,
villous : stem hairy. Carduus. Eng. Bot.
.2 L. decurrent, pinnatifid, toothed, spinous, rough : cal. ovate, clus-
tered, with minute spines. Carduus. Eng. Bot.
•* Leaves sessile.
L. sessile, pinnatifid, spinous : stem panicled : cal. ovate, spines mi-
nute. Carduus, Eng. Bot.
4 L. sessile, bifariously pinnatifid, spinous, rougli ; alternate segments
erect: cal. globose, villous. Carduus, Eng. Bot.
I j L. pinnatifid, lobed, fringed with [n ickles : stem unarmed, generally
2-flow: cal. rather spreading, leafy.
• L. embracing the stem, lanceolate, ciliated, entire or laciniated, to-
mentous beneath: FI. mostly solitary, pedunculated. Carduus.
Eng. But.
7 L. sessile, lanceolate, slightly toothed, ciliated, wr)olly beneath : stem
nearly naked, 1-tlow: calyx villous. Carduus. Eng. Bot.
5 Stemless; calyx smooth. Carduus. Eng. Bot,
378. ONOPORDUM.
L L. ovate-oblong, sinuated, woolly on both sides.
3711. CARLINA.
- Stem many flow, corymbose : FI. terminal : outer caljTC-scales pinnatifid;
inner white.
( 80 )
3}J0
381
382
383
CLASS XIX. SYNGEXESIA. ORDER I. POLYGA.MIA JiQUALIS
LIXNEAN NAMES.
R I DENS.
1 tri|iartila
2 cerima ...
EUPATORIUM
1 cannabiniim ...
CHRYSOCOMA.
1 Linosyris
SANTOLINA.
1 maritima
ENGLISH NAMES.
_ .£
'cos
= - a«
0 3b
'C:_ O
O 0[i.
BUR-MARYGOLD.
trifid ..
noddina
Wat. pi. yellow
Ditches yellow
HEMP-AGRIMONY.
GOLD Y -LOCKS,
flax-leaved
COTTON-WEED
Wat. |)1. rose
■r c
8,9
9
7,8
Sea-cliffs
I
yellow
Seasho.! yellow
8,9
P.
' cW
1113,
1114.
428.
2o0.i,
141.
ORDER 11. POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA.
384
TANACETU.M.
TANSY.
1
vulgare
common
Road si.
yellow
CO
P.
1229.
38.)
ARTEMISI.A.
WORMWOOD
1
caiTipestris
field
San. fi.!
brown
8
P.
338.
2
maritima
drooping- sea
Sea shore
brown
8
P.
1706.
3
g-allica
upiight sea
Mud. sh.
brown
8
P.
MOOl.
4
Absinthium ...
common
Rubble
yellow
8
P.
1230.
5
vulf^aris
mugwort
Rubble
pur. ish.
8
P.
CO
8
cacrulescens-f-
blueish mugwort
Sea shore
yellow
8
P.
2428.
388
GNAPHALIUM.
•
CUD-WEED.
1
luteo-album ...
jersey
Sandy pi.
yellow...
7,8
A.
1002.
( so )
LASS XIX. SYNGENESIA. ORDER I. POLYGAMIA ^EQUALIS.
srECIFIC ClIARACTEn.
3ii0. RIDEXS.
I L. 3-clet’t : calyx leafy at the base : awns of the seeds 2 or 3, erect.
3 L. lanceolate, serrated : FI. droopinjj, leafy at the base ; awns of the
seed about 4, erect.
381. EUPATORIUM.
I L. digitate.
382. CHRYSOCOMA.
Herbaceous: L. linear, smooth: calyx scales loosely spreading.
383. SANTOLINA.
Pedunc. corymbose : L. oblong, obtuse, crenated, very woolly.
ORDER II. POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA.
384. TAXACETUM.
L. bipinnatifid, deeply seri'ated, naked.
385. ARTEMISIA.
L. many-cleft, linear: stems procumbent, rod-like.
L. downy pinnated; the uppermost undivided: racemes droojiing:
recept. naked : FI. oblong, sessile.
L. downy, pinnated ; the radical ones capillary ; the uppermost undi-
vided : racemes erect : recept. naked : FI. oblong, yl. maritima.
Eng. Jlot.
L. many-parted, hoary with silky down : FI. hemispherical, pendu-
lous : recept. hairy.
L. pinnatifid, flat, cut, tomentous beneath : racemes simple : FI. ovate :
recept. naked.
L. hoary ; those on the stem lanceolate, entire ; lowermost many-cleft :
Fl. cylindrical : recept. naked.
38fi. GXAPHALIUM.
• Calyxes ydlou;.
Herbaceous: L. half-embracing the stem, ensiform, waved, woolly on
both sides ; lowermost obtuse : Fl. clustered.
D d
( 81 )
387
388
389
390
CLASS XIX. SYNGENESIA. ORD. II. POLYGAMIA SUPERELUA.
LINNEAN NAMES.
GNAPHALIUM.
»«
ENGLISH NAMES.
CUD-WEED.
Soil
or
Situation.
Colour
of the
Flowt*r.
Time of
Flowering.
P lira lion.
■rW o
-
Alp. pas.
yellowish
8
p.
913.
San. pas.
yellowish
8
p.
124.
Sc. alps
yellowish
7
p.
1193.
Wat. pi.
San. fi.l
yellowish
yellowisli
8
A.
1194.
narrow leaved ...
7,8
A.
2309. .
7 minimum
San. pas.
yellowish
7
A.
1157.
8 germanicum ...
San. 8....
yellowish
7,8
A.
940.
ANTENNARIA.
EVERLASTIXi
I margaritacea...
Mea.! ...
yellow...
8
P.
•2018. I
Dry in. p.
0,7
P.
•207. ;
CONYZA.
SPIKENARD.
Chal. pas.
yellow...
7,8
B.
1195. ,
ERIGERON.
FLEA-BANE.
I canadense ■§ ...
yellow...
so
A.
2019. 1
B.
1158.
.\lp. rills
Higlilan.
purple...
purple...
P.
404. 1
4 uniHoruni
pale mountain ...
7
P.
2410. 1
TUSSILAGO.
COLT'S-FOOT.
Moi. pi.
yellow...
3,4
4
P.
429. ,
2 hybrid:!
longer stalked ...
P.
430-
3 Petasitfis
Moi.mea.
flesh ...
4
P.
1
431. 1
I
( 81 )
.ASS XIX. STOGEXESIA. ORD. II. POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
GNAPHALIUM.
Resembling the Filagos.
12 Stem simple, erect : FI. spiked : L. lanceolate, narrower at the base,
woolly on botlfcsides.
M Stem erect : panicle raany-flow : L. linear-lanceolate, almost naked on
the upper surface.
|t Stem decimib. very simple, racemose, few-How : L. linear-lanceolate,
tomentous on both sides.
I") Stem much branched, diffuse : FI. crowded, terminating-.
1 5 Stem erect, branched: L. linear, revolute, acute: F'l. subulate,
crowded, axillary.
|7 Stem erect, branched: L. lanceolate, acute, flat: F'l. conical, some-
what crowded, lateral and terminal.
1 1 Stem erect, dichotomous : L. lanceolate : heads globose, many-flow,
lateral and terminal.
387' ANTEXNARIA. Brown, Trans. Linn. Soc. XII. 122.
GNAPHALIUM, Eng. Bot.
_ L. linear lanceolate, acuminate, alternate : stem branched above :
corymb, fastigiate.
L. radical spatulate, pointed, entire : shoots procumb : stem very
simple : corymb, simple, terminal. G. dioicum. Eng. Bot.
380. CONY Z A.
L. ovate-lanceolate, downy : stem herbaceous, corymbose : calyx-
scales, leafy, recurved.
389. ERIGERON.
Stem hairy, panicled : L. lanceolate; lowermost toothed.
Stem racemose : pedunc. mostly l-How : L. lanceolate-tongue-shaped,
sessile.
Steins mostly 1-flow : calyx rather hairy : flor. of the radius spreading.
Stems mostly 1 flow : cal. hairy : flor. of the radius erect, somewhat
tubular.
390. TUSSILAGO.
Scape 1-flow, seal}’ : L. cordate, angular, toothed.
Panicle oblong : female flor. numerous ; hermaphrodites very few :
anthers separate.
Panicle ovate : nor. almost all hermaph. with united anthers.
c 82 )
CLASS XIX. SYNGENESIA. OKD. II. I’Ol.YCAMIA SUPERFLUA
391
392
393
394
LIXNEAN KAMES.
SEXECIO.
»
1 vulgaris
«•
2 viscosus
3 lividus
4 sj’lvaticus
«»*
5 squalidus
6 tenuifollus
7 Jacobaea
8 aquaticus
w«»«
9 ])aIudosus
1 0 saraceiiicus . .
ASTER.
1 Tripoliurn
SOLIDACO.
1 V’irgaurea
INULA.
1 Hi'lenium
2 djsentcrica ..
3 pulicaria
4 crillinioides ...
ENGLISH NAMES.
RAG-WORT.
.stinking
green-scaled
mountain
inelegant
Iioary
common
marsh
fen
broad leaved .....
STAR-WORT,
sea
GOLDEN-ROD.
common
INULA,
elecampane
common flea-bane
small flea-bane ...
•sanipbire leaved
Soil
or
Situation.
Colour
of the
Flower.
Time of
Flowering.
1 Duration.
1
Figure
in English
Hofany.
Rubble
yellow...
•
3-10
A.
747.
Chal.ba!
yellow...
7-10
A.
32.
Bar. boa.
yellow...
9,10
A.
2515.
Woods
yellow...
7
A.
CO
Walls...
yellow...
fi-io
A.
600.
Woods
yellow...
7,8
P.
. 574.
Di V past.
vellow'...
7,8
P-
1130.
Marshes
yellow...
7,8
P.
1131.
Fens !...
yellow...
8,7
P.
650.
Moi. pi.
yellow ...
7,8
P.
2211.
Sea shore
blue
8,9
P.
87.
Woods
yellow...
7-9
P.
301.
Moi.mea.
yellow'...
7,8
P.
1546.
Wat. pi.
yellow...
8
P.
1115.
Moi.hea.
\ellovv...
9
A.
1196.
Salt mar.
vellow ...
8
P.
oa
-ASS XIX. SYNGENESIA. ORD. II. POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA.
SPECIFIC CIIARACTEU.
391. SENECIO.
• Flowers Jlusnilaus.
L FI. destitute of a radius, scattered : L. pinnate-sinuated, embracinf^
the stem, toothed.
•• Flowers radiate, radius ronstantly rcvolute.
I I., pinnatifid, viscid : calj x-scales lax, almost as long as the cup :
stem nnich branched, spreading.
! L. embracing the stem, lanceolate, pinnatifid, toothed : scales of the
cal. short, with pale points.
It L. sessile, pinnatifid, lohed, toothed: calyx-scales short: stem erect,
straight, corjmihose.
Flowers radiate, radius spreading : leai'cs pinnatifid.
I Flor. elliptical, very entire : L. pinnatifid; segments somewhat linear,
distant.
» E. pinnatifid, somewhat revolute, paler and pubescent beneath : stem
erect, cottony.
L. lyrate-hipinnatind, divaricated, toothed, smooth : stem erect.
1 F'lor. elliptical : L. lyrate, serrated ; lowermost obovate, entire : seeds
smooth.
**•* Floieers radiate, radius spreading : leaves undivided.
Fh corymWse : L. ensiform, acutely serrated, somewhat villous beneath :
stem straight.
h'l. corymbose: L. lanceolate, serrated, smoothish.
392. ASTER.
L. lanceolate, entire, fleshy, smooth, obscurely 3-nerved : calyx-scales
somewhat raemhranous, obtuse : fl. corymbose.
393. SOLIDAGO.
Stem somewhat zigzag, angular: racemes paniclcd, erect, crowded.
394. INULA.
L. embracing the stem, ovate, wrinkled and downy beneath : calyx-
scales ovate.
L. embracing the stem, cordate ohlong, downy : stem woolly, panicl?d:
caK'X-scales setaceous, hairy.
L. embracing the stem, undulated : stem much branched, hairy : Fl.
hemispherical : radius very short.
L. linear, fleshy, generally 3-pointed ; calyx smooth.
( 83 )
395
390
397
CLASS XIX. SYNGENKSIA. ORD. II. POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA,
LINNEAN NAMES.
CINERARIA.
1 palustris
2 integrifolia
DORONICUM.
I Pardaliaiiches
BELLIS.
I porennis...
398
399
■400
401
ENGLISH NAMES.
FLEA-WORT,
marsh
mountain
DAISY,
common ..
CHRYSANTHEMUM. OX-EYE.
I Loucantlmraiim
2 scg-etum
PYRETHRUM.
1 Parthenium ..
2 inodorum
3 maritimum
MATRICARIA.
I (3iamomilla .
ANTllEMIS.
great white
yellow coni
FEVERFI<AV.
MAY-WI’.ED.
CHA.'MOMILE.
c
— ,9
cn ^ £
X
Colour
of the
Flower.
Time of
Flowering.
duration.
Figure
in English
Botany.
Marshe.s
yellow...
6,7
p.
151.
Chal. pa.
yellow...
0-7
p.
152.
;z:
- ^
Al. pas.!
yeUow...
5
p.
030.
Pasture
white ...
3-12
p.
424.
Pasture
white ...
6,7
p.
fiOl.
Com fi.
yellow...
«-8
A.
540.
Ruhble
white ...
6,7
P.
123L_
Dry fi...
white ..
8,9
A.
076.
■
Soa sho!
white ...
7
P.
979.
Road si.
white ...
5,7
A.
1232.
Sea coa.!
white ...
7
A.
2370.
jiav.pas.
white ...
8,9
P.
!I80.
Dry (i....
white ...
6,7
A.B.
002.
Corn fi...
white ...
6,7
A.
1772.
I
( 83 )
ASS XIX. SVNGENESIA. CUD. 11. POl.YGAMlA SUPERFLUA,
SPECIFIC CIIAUACTER.
395. CINERARIA.
I'l. corymbose : L. broad- lanceolate, toothed or siniiated : stem villous
leafy.
1,. oblong, indistinctly denticulated, villous : umbel simple, involucred.
396. DORONICUM.
L. cordate, denticulated ; radical ones petioled ; those on the stem
embracing.
397. BELL IS.
Scape naked, root creeping.
398. CHRYSANTHEMUM.
L. embracing the stem, oblong-, obtuse, cut, pinnatifid at the base ;
radical ones obovate, petioled.
L. embracing the stem, glaucous, laciniated upwards, toothed at the
base.
399. PYRETHRUM.
L. petioled, compound, flat : leafl. ovate, cut : pedunc. branched,
corymbose : stem erect.
L. sessile, pinnate, in many capillary segments : stem branched, spread-
ing ; crown of the seeds entire.
L. bipinnate, fleshy, awnless, convex above, keeled beneath : crown
of the seeds lobed.
400. lAIATRICARIA.
L. pinnated, smooth: leafl. linear, entire or laciniated: radius spread-
ing: calyx-scales dilated.
401. ANTHEMIS.
* Radius of a different colour or white.
I: L. bipinnatifid, acute, fleshy, somewhat hairy beneath : stem prostrate;
I calyx rather tomentous.
I L. pinnate-decompound, filiform, acute, rather downy : scales of the
receptacle scariose, scarcely the length of tlie florets.
I Recept. conical ; scales lanceolate, acute, keeled, projecting ; L. bi-
pinnatifid, hairy.
1 Recept. conical ; scales setaceous : seeds without any crown or border :
L. bipinnatifid, smoothish.
( 84 )
CLASS XIX. SYNGENESIA. ORDER II. POLYG. SUPERFLUA.
LINNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
— O
Vj 2
... !
o c
? 5
3 j
'ignre
English
otany.
E
X. j
-
ANTHEMIS.
CHAMOMILE.
,
««
5 tinctoria
ox-ej'e
Stony pl.l
j-ellow...
7,«
p.
1472.
ACHILLEA.
YARROW.
1
1 Ptarmica
sneeze-wort
i\Ioi. pi.
white ...1
7,fi
p.
757.
8
p
2531.
3 Millefolium ...
common
Pasture
white ...■
8,8
p.
758.
4 tomentosa
woolly
Sc. pas.
j-ellow...|
8
p-
2532.
ORDER III. POLYGAMIA FRUSTRAXEA.
CENTAUREA.
KNAPWEED.
1 .lacea
brown radiated ...
Pastures!
purple...
8,9
p.
1678.
mm
8-8
p.
278.
3 Cvanus
blue bottle
Corn fi.
blue ...
! 7.8
A.
277.
4 Scabiosa
greater
Corn fi.
purple...
7,8
P.
56.
5 Isnanli
Jersey
Jersey..
purple...
7,8
P.
2256
() Calcilrapa
com. etar-tbistle
Grav. so
rose ...
7,8
A.
125
7 solstilialis
yel. star-thistle
Fields !
yellow...
7,3
A.
243
( LASS XIX. SYXGEXKSIA. OllDEK II. I’OLYG. SUPERFLUA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
ANTHEMIS.
•• liadius of the same colour or yellow.
L. bipinnatilid, serrated, downy beneath: stem corymbose, erect.
402. ACHILLEA.
L. lanceolate, acuminate, sharply serrated.
L. linear-lanceolate, sessile, downy, deeply serrated, laciniated at the
base : corymb, nearly simple.
L. bipinnatifid, hairy ; segments linear, toothed, mucronated : stems
t'ui rowed.
L. bipinnatifid, woolly; segments crowded, linear, acute: corymb,
repeatedly compound.
ORDER III. POLYGAMIA FRUSTRANEA.
403. CENTAUREA.
* Calyx-scales scariose, often lacerated.
Calyx scales membranous, lacerated ; the lower ones pinnatifid : L.
linear-lanceolate; radical ones broader, toothed.
•* Calyx-scales, fringed at the points.
Calyx-scales ovate, with capillary erect fringe: lower leaves lyrate-
angular ; ujipcrmost ovate.
Calyx-scales serrated : L. linear, very entire ; lowermost toothed.
Calyx-scales fringed, ovate: L. pinnatifid; segments lanceolate, a
little hairy, somewhat toothed.
Calyx-scales palmate-spinous.
L. lyrate-toothed, roughish, slightly embracing the stem : F'l. sessile,
terminal.
Spines of the Calyx compound.
FI. sessile : calyx doubly-spinous : L. pinnatifid, toothed : stem diva-
■■ ig, hairy.
ricate-spreading, liairy.
FI. solitary, terminal : calyx
yx doubly-spinous : L. decurrent, spineless,
lanceolate ; radical ones lyrate.
CLASS XX.
G Y N A N D R I A.
ORDER I. MONANDRIA.
* Anther united to the column, somevehat terminal, permanent.
404. Orchis. Cor. rinj^ent. Lip or Nectary with a posterior s])ur.
Glands 1 or 2, supporting tlie masses of pollen
inclosed in a single pouch.
405. GVMNADENIA. Cor. ringent. Nect. with a posterior spur.
Glands supporting the masses of pollen naked.
406. AcERAS. Cor. ringent. Nect. plane, without a spur. Glands
supporting the masses of pollen inclosed in one
common pouch.
408. OphrVS. Cor. spreading. Nect. convex, without a spur. Glands
of the masses of pollen inclosed each in a distinct
pouch.
407. Herminiuji. Cor. spreading. Pet. .8-lobed. N’ect. without a
spur. Glands of the masses of pollen naked,
distinct.
Anther parallel to the stigma, permanent.
408. Goodyera. Cor. ringent ; outer pet. embracing the Lip, which
is pouched, w'ithout a spur beneath, and un-
divided above. Column free. Pollen angular.
410. Neottia. Cor. ringent ; outer pet. embracing the beardless Lip.
wliich is without a spur ; inner pet. converging.
Column without a border. Pollen |)owder\’.
411. ListERA. Cor. irregular, spreading. Lip 2-lobed, without a
spur. Column without a border. Pollen
powdery.
••• Anther terminal, inserted, permanent.
412. EriPACTlS. Nec. tumid beneath, contracted in the middle.
Ijip undivided, or ll-lolied, with the middle lobe
larger.
ORDER I. MONANDRIA.
V\SS XX.GYNANDRIA.
*•** Anther termimd, moveable, deciduous^
13. Malaxis. A^ecf. undivided, sessile, flat beneath. Pet. 5, narrow,
spreading or reflexed. Masseti of pollen 4,
parallel.
14. COUALLORRHIZA. Nect. elongated at the base, with the spur
adhering or free. Column \inconuected. Masses
of pollen 4, oblique.
ORDER II. DIANDRIA.
15. Cypripedium. Nect. ventricose, inflated. Pet. spreading-.
Column with a posterior appendage.
ORDER III. HEXANDRIA.
Ifl. Aristoeochia. Cal. 0. Cor. 1-pet. ligulate, inflated at the
base. Caps. (!-celled, many-seeded, inferior.
1
( 86 )
404
405
400
CLASS XX. GYNANDRIA.
ORDER I. MONANDRIA.
LINNEAK NAJrES.
ORCHIS.
«
1 pyratnidalis ..
2 Morio
3 masciila
4 jistulata
5 fusca
6 militaris
7 tephrosantlios
8 hircina
•»
9 latifblia
10 maculata
GYMNADENIA.
«
1 conopsea
«
2 viridis
3 albida
4 bifolia
ACERAS.
1 anthropophora
ENGLISH NAMES.
ORCHIS.
pyramidal ..
meadow
early purple
dwarf
brown
military .
cinereous
lizard
marsh
spotted palmate
GYxMNADENIA
fragrant .
frog
white ....
butterfly.
MAN-ORCHIS
green .Chal. pas.
u 0. t,
3 - u
O'Z. ^
C- O
O OlJ,
Dry past.
Mea. pas.
Woods
Dry past.
Chal. hil.
Chal. soil
Chal.soil!
Chal. wo!
Moi.mea.
Woods
Mea. pas.
Mca.pas.
Sun. hil.
Woods
scarlet.
purple...
purple...
purple...
brownisi
purple...
ash color
purple...
rose..
flesh
purple...
greenish
jwhite
white ...
srreenisli
I «
I C
1
7
5,0
4,5
0
5
7
5,0
6,7
6,7
0
0
p. I 110.
P- ; 2059.
I
031.
18.
•1&
1873.
P.
P.
P.
P. *34.
P. 2308.
P. 032.
P- *10.
P. ‘94.
P.
•505.
•29.
( S(i )
;LASS XX. GYNAXnUlA. ORnER I. MONANDRIA.
SrECIFU- CHAHACTER.
404. ORCHIS.
* Bulk-, imdh'idctl.
I Lip of the nectary in three. e(pial, entire .segments, 2-honied above :
spur elongated, filiform.
I Lip 4-cleft, crenate : spar obtuse, ascending : petals converging,
inany-nerved.
5 Lip 4-cleft, crenate : spur obtuse : exterior petals retlexed.
1 Lip 4-cleft, rough with points ; spnr obtuse, ver\' short.
» Lip o-cleft, rough ; segments dilated: pet. acute, contliient : spur one-
third the length of the gernien. O. milltarin, Eng. Dot.
iJ Lip 5-rleft, rough; segments linear: pet. pointed, eontiuent : spur
half the length of the gemien.
7 Lip 5-rleft : segments very narrow-, thread-shaped : pet. confluent.
Bicheno, Trans. Linn. Soc. xii. p. 33.
j Lip 3-cleft, do\vn\- ; middle segment very long, linear, twisted, emar-
ginate. Sat^rium, Eng. Bot.
** Bulhs paimated.
9 Bulbs clustered : lip 3-cleft, crenate : spur conical : bracteaj longer
than the flowers.
0 Bulhs spreading : lip 3-lobed, crenate : spur cylind. shorter than the
gennen.
405. GYMXADENIA. Ilort. Kew.
* Glands close together.
1 Bulbs paimated: lip in 3 entiie segments: spur setaceous, twice as
long as the gennen. Orchis, Eng. Bot.
* Glands distinct, more or less distant.
Habenaria, Ilort. Kew.
'2 Bulbs clustered: lip linear, 3-toothed ; the middle tooth smallest : spur
very short, emarginate. Satnrium, Eng. Bot.
!3 Bulbs clustered in three pairs: lip 3-cleft; segments acute; spur
one-third the length of the gennen. Sati/rium, Eng. Bot.
I4 Bulbs undivided : lip linear, entire : spur filiform, twice the length of
the germen. Orchis, Eng. Bot.
400. ACERAS. Ilort. Kew.
Ophrys, Erig. Bot.
I Lip longer than the germen.
( 87 )
407
400
init
410
411
412
CLASS XX. GYNAXDKIA.
ORDER I. MONAXDRIA.
LINNEAN NA5IES. ENGLISH NAJIES.
IIERMINIUM.
1 monDrchis ....
OPHRVS.
1 nuiscil'cra .
2 apif'era
3 araiiif’era .
GOODYERA.
1 repens ....
NEOTTIA.
1 spiralis ....
LISTERA.
1 ovata ...
2 cordata
EPIPACTIS.
I latifulia
2 palustris .
3 fjrandiflora.
4 eiisifolia....
5 rubra
a Nidus avis.
.MUSK-ORCHIS.
small
OPHRYS.
%
spider.,
GOODYERA.
creeping
LADY’S TRACES.
TVV AY-BLADE,
HELLEBORIN
broad-leaved
marsh
white
narrow. leaved
purple
bird’s nest
Soil
or 1
Situalion. .
Colour
of the
Flower.
. 6iC
0.5
— y
“E
Duration.
Figure
in Knglist)
Botanv.
Clial.ban.
greenish
7
p.
•71.
Clial.pas.
purple...
fi
p.
64.
. Clial.pas.
purple...
7
p.
383.
Clial.soil
green ...
4
p.
G5.
Alp. wo.
flesh ...
7
p.
*289.
ES.
Llea. pas.
white ...
8
p.
•o41.
Woods
green ...
C
p.
*lb48.
iVl. liea.
green ...
7
p.
cc
E.
■M. woods
purpleish
7,8
p.
*269.
Marshes
purpleish
7,«
p.
•270.
Woods
white ...
8
p.
•271.
M woods!
white ...
G
p.
•494.
woods!
purple ...
G
p.
•437.
C lull. wo.
brown ...
5,G
p.
•48.
( B7 )
:LaSS XX. GYXANDRIA. ORDER I. MONANDRIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
407. HERMIXIUM. llort. Kew.
Oi’iiRYS, Eng. Rot.
L. radical two, lanceolate.
40!1. OPHRVS.
Lip 4-li)ticd, elonj^atwl, rather downy ; disk polished : column obtuse.
l.ip inflated, villous, .'i-cleft ; terminal segment awl-shaped, recurved :
column with a hooked point.
Lip villous, fl-lobed, pointless, emarginate, deflexed : column acute.
401). GOODYERA. llort. Kew.
Satvriitm, Eng. Rot.
L. radical ovate: lip and pet. lanceolate.
410. NEOTTIA. Swartz.
Ophrys, Eng. Rot.
li. radical, oblong : h'!. spiral, I-rowed : lij) ovate.
411. LISTER A. Hort. Kew.
Ophrys, Eng. Rot.
Stem 2-leaved ; L. ovate, opposite : column pouched behind.
Stem 2-leaved ; L. heart-shaped, opposite : lip with with 2 teeth at
the base.
412. EPIPACTIS. Hort. Kew.
L. ovate, embracing the stem : El. drooping: lip very entire, accumi-
nate, shorter than the [letals. Sera/nas, Eng. Rot.
L. lanceolate, embracing the stem: E’l. drooping : lip crenate, obtuse,
equal to the petals. Serapias, Eng. Rot.
L. elliptic-lanceolate : bractea; longer than the germen : FI. erect : lip
obtuse, scarcely equal to the petals. .Serapias, Eng. Rot. i
L. lanceolate: bractem much shorter than the germen: E'l. erect: I
lip obtuse, half as long as the petals. Serapias, Eng. Rot. i
L. lanceolate : bractem longer than the germen : FI. erect : lip acute, !
maiked with elevated undulating hues. Serapias, Eng. Rot. j
Stem with scaly sheaths, without leaves : lip bilid ; lobes spreading, !
recurved. Ophrys, Eng. Rot. i
( 88 )
4i:{
414
415
4l(i
I
( S8 )
:LASS XX. GYNAXDRIA. ORDER I. MONANDRIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
413. MALAXIS.
Stem S-sirfed : L. several, spatulate, rough at the apex : FI. reversed :
lip concave, acute.
Stem 3-sided : L. 2, ovate-lanceolate: lip obovate, recurved. Ophrys,
£ng. Bot.
414. CORALLORRHIZA. Haller.
Opiirys, Eng. Bot.
Spur short, combined with the germen.
ORDER II. DIANDRIA.
415. CVPRIPEDIUM.
Stem leafy: lobe of the column elliptical, blunt: lip compressed,
shorter than the Hat petals.
ORDER III. HEXAXDRIA.
410. ARISTOLOCHIA.
L. cordate : stem erect : FI. axillary, crowded.
CLASS XXL
MONOECIA.
ORDER I. MONANDRIA.
417. ZannichELLIA. Male Flowers. Ca/. 0. for. 0.
Female Flowers. Cal. 1-leaved. Cor. 0. Germ.
4, or more. Seeds 4, stalked. Stig. peltate.
Callitriche. Ckara ?
ORDER II. DIANDRIA.
Lemna.
ORDER III. TRIANDRIA.
422. EitlOCAULON Cal. common many-leaved ; proper 2 or 3-leaved.
Cor. 2 or 3-parted.
Male fl. in the middle of the disk.
Female in the radius. Stig. 2 or 3. Caps. 2
or 3-jrrained. Seeds solitary.
419. SpargaXIUM Male fl. Cal. 3-leaved. Cor. 0.
E’emale, Cal. 3-leaved. Cor. 0. Drupe juice-
less, 1 -seeded.
420. CaREX Male Cn(/i'r;t imbiicated. Ca/- f^lume 1-valved.
Cor. 0.
E'emale Ca(/«n imbricated. Co/, glume l-valved.
Cor. 0. Stig. 2 or 3. Seed clothed with
a swelling tunic.
410. Typha Male Catkin cylindrical, hairy. Antk. akmt
3 on each h lament.
E’einale Catkin cylindrical. Seed 1, on a fca-
thereil stalk.
421. Kobresia Male, Cal. the inner scale of an imbricated cat-
kin. Cor. 0
E'eniale, Cal. the outer scale of the catkin,
sheathing, permaiumt. Cor. 0. Stig. 3.
Seed I, naked.
LASS XXL MONOIXIA. ORDER IV. TETRANDRIA.
23.
2fi.
!5.
4.
Littohella Male, Cn/. 4-Ieavect. Coe. 4-cleft. Siam. \ery
lonp.
Female, Cat. 0. Cor. unequally S-cleft. Styie
very louff. 1-celleil.
UHTICA Male, Cal. 4-leaved. Cor. 0. Rudiment of a
gcrmen oup-shaped.
Female, Cal. 2-leaved. Cor. 0. Seed 1,
superior, polished.
Buxcs Male, Cal. 3-leaved. Pet. 2. Rudiment of a
germen.
F’emale, Cal. 4-leaved. Pet. 3. Stales 3.
Caps. 3-beaked, 3-celled. Seeds 2.
AiXUS Male, Co/, scale of a catkin, 1-leaved, 3-clefl,
3-flow. Cor. 4-parted.
F’emale, Cal. scale of a catkin, 1-leaved, sub-
trifid, 2-ttovvcrcd. Styles 2. Seeds com-
pressed.
Eriocaulon. M^riea Gale.
ORDER V. PENTANDRIA.
XaNTHIUJI Male, Cal. common imbricated. Cor. monope-
talous, funnel-shaped, o-cleft. Recept.
chaft'y.
Female, Cal. 2-leaved, 2-flowered. Cor. 0.
Drupe dry, muricated, bifid. Nut. 2-cclled.
AmaRAXTHUS ... Male, Cal. 3 or 5-leaved. Cor. 0. Siam. 3 or 5.
Female, Cal. 3 or 5-leaved. Cor. 0. Styles 3.
Caps. 1 -celled, splitting all round. Seed \.
Bryonia Male, Cal. 5-toothed. Cor. 5-cleft. Filam. 3.
Antli. .5.
F'eraale, Cal. 5 toothed. Cor. 5-cleft. Style
3-cleft. Berry inferior, many-seeded.
Fagus. Quercus. Atriplex portulacoides.
ORDER VI. HEXANDRIA.
Rumex. Quercus.
ORDER VII. POLYANDRIA.
Myriophyleum. Male, Cal. 4-leaved. Pel. 4. Slam. 8.
Female, Cal. 4-leaved. Pet. 4. Stig. 4, sessile.
Seeds 4.
CLASS XXL MONOECIA. ORDER VII. POLYANDRIA.
434.
POTERIU.M
...Male, Cal. 4-leaved. Cor. 4-parted. Slam.
30 to 40.
F'emale, Cal. 4-leaved. Cor. 4-parted. Pist. 2.
A'ut. 2-celled, corticated.
432.
Sagittaria ..
...Male, Ca/. 3-leaved. Pct.'d. .Vtnm. nearly 24.
F'emale, Ca/. 3-leaved. Pet. ‘A. Pi«f. numerous.
Caps, numerous, ventricose, 1 -seeded.
430.
CeraTOPHYLLUM. Male, Cal. many-parted. Cor. 0. Stam. 10
to 20.
Female, Cal. many-parted. Cor. 0. Stig. almost
sessile. Stcd 1, coated.
430.
Fagus
....Male, Cal. bell-shaped, 5-cleft. Cor. 0. Stam.
about 12.
Female, Cal. 4-toothed, prickly. Cor. 0. Germ.
2. A’^ufs 2, invested with the prickly lea-
thery fpiatrifid calyx.
437.
Castanea ....
....Male, Catkin naked. CaH). Cor. 5-pet. Stam.
10 to 20.
Female, Cal. 5 or 0-leaved, rauricated. Cor. 0.
Germ. 3. Stis;. awl-shaped. Xuts 3, in-
vested with the prickly calyx.
435.
Quercus
... Male, Cal. hell-shaped, commonly 5-cleft. Cor.
0. Stam. 5 to 10.
F'emale, Cal. bell-shaped, verj- entire, rough.
Cor. 0. Style 1. Stig. 3. Nut superior,
coriaceous, 1 -seeded.
440.
CORY'EUS ....
Male, Cal. scale of a catkin, 3-cleft. Cor. 0.
Stam. 8.
Female, Cal. bifid, torn. Cor. 0. Styles 2.
Nut ovate, smooth, 1-celled, invested with
the coriaceous calyx.
439.
Carpines ....
Male, Cal. scale of a catkin, roundish. Cor. 0.
Slum. !! to 20.
F'emale, Cal. scale of a catkin, ohlonpj. Cor,
0. Germ. 2. Styles 2 on each germ. Nut
anj^nlar, 1-celled.
438.
Betula
Male, Cal. scale of a catkin, 3-flowered Cor.
0. Stam. 10 to 12.
F'emale, Cal. scale obscurely 3-clcft. 3-fiowered.
Cor. 0. Styles 2. Seeds compressed,
w inged.
433.
Arum
Sheath of 1 leaf, rolled together at the base.
iS’/xn/ij; naked at the top, bearing Stam. in
the middle and germ, at the base. Berry
1-celled.
LASS XXI.
MOXOIXIA. ORDER VIII. MONADELPHIA.
11. PiNUS
Anth. scssilp, adhering to the scales.
Female, CnI. scale of a cone, 2-flowere(l. Cor.
0. Pint. 1. Nut winged, I-celled.
T ijpha ? Bryonia.
( 8!) )
-117
41(i
419
420
CLASS XXL MONOECIA.
ORDER 1. MONAXDRIA.
I.INNEAN XAMES.
ZAXNICHELLIA
1 palustris
ENGLISH NAMES.
5-5
® - s
c o
u oS
HORNED-POND-WEED
common | Stag.wa.
ORDER III. TRIANDRIA.
c .r
i 5
S Wj -
ac-
1844
TYPHA.
REED-MACE.
'
1
latif'olia
7
P,
1 4
2
angustif'olia ...
P.
3
minor
Marshes!
7
P.
1437.
SPARGANIUM.
BUR.REED.
1
ramosum
7 «
P.
r i i
2
.simplex
7 H
P.
/44.
3
natans
P.
/40.
07^
J/0.
CAREX.
«
SEDGE.
1
dioica
separate lieaded
Sp. hogs
5,li
P.
343.
2
Davalliana
pricklv flitto
P.
2123.
3
pidicari.s
(i
p.
irtnl
4
pauciHora
1)
P.
204 U
5
stellnlata
little prickly
Marshes
P.
806.
(i
Pools !
8
P.
1386.
7
elon^fata
elongated
Mar.shes
8
P.
1020.
(^39 )
LASS XXL IMOXOKriA. ORDER I. MONANDRIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
417. ZANNICllELLIA.
Auth. 4-cclled : stigma very entire.
ORDER III. TRIANDRIA.
418. TYPHA.
L. snmewliat sword-shaped : male and female catkins close together.
L. semicylindrical-Hattish, equal with the culm: male and female cat-
kins a little distant.
L. linear. Hat, half the length of the culm : male and female catkins
distant : culm very slender.
419. SPARGANIUM.
L. 3-sided at the base, their sides concave : common peduncle
branched : stigma linear.
L. 3-sided at the base, their sides flat : common pedunc. simple : stig.
linear.
L. drooping, Hat : common pedunc. simple : stig. ovate, very short :
male head mostly solitary.
420. CAREX.
* Spike single., simple.
Spike simple, dioecioits : fhiit ovate, nerved, ascending, serrulated at
the margin.
Spike simple, dioecious : fruit lanceolate-triangular, nerved, deflexed;
angles scabrotts at the apex.
Spike sinqile, androg; the male uppermost : fruit spreading, reflexed,
tapering at hotli ends : stig. 2.
Spike simple, aiidrog: few flow, the male uppermost : fruit spreading,
awl-shaped : stigmas 3.
•• Spike compound, undrogynmis.
Spikelets about 3, remote : fruit divaricated, acuminate, entire at the
mouth.
■Spikelets about fi, elliptical, rather remote, naked: glumes ovate, ra-
ther acute, membranous : tunic entire.
•Spikelets numerous, oblong, rather distant, naked: tunic pointed,
bifid, recurved, many ribbed, longer than the glumes.
( !H) 'I
CLASS XXI. MOXOKCIA. ORDER III. TRIANDRIA.
— c
t <u C
c .s
C
c
LINXEAX NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
-2“ >
CW 0
£ St
es
k.
ex, » 4
w
0 0-
i- z
it*** 0
C\REX.
SEDGE.
C/7
G
p.
306.
5,0
p.
832.
10 axillaris
p.
993.
UUjjS....
•
7,8
p.
927.
0
p.
928.
p.
2042.
5,6
p.
1096,
15 niiiiicata
greater prickly ...
Moi.pas.
5,0
P.
1097.
5
p.
629.
17 vlil))ina
great spiked
Marshes
5
P.
307.
18 teretiusciila ...
lesser [janicled ...
Bogs ...
5
P.
1065.
19 paniculata
great panicled ...
Bogs ...
0
P.
1064,
5
p.
615.
p.
2124
22 pend u la
great pendulous
Woods
*>,7
P.
2315.
28 strijrosa
loose pendulous...
W oods
4,5
P.
994
5,0
p.
995.
5,6
p.
1098.
26 Mit'liolioferi ...
loose spiked rock
Alp. roc.
8
P.
2293.
.ASS XXI. MOXORCIA.
ORDER III. TRIANDRIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
CAREX.
S])ikelets about U, oval, approximate, alternate : glumes lanceolate,
e(iual to the tunic.
Spikelets solitary, remote, almost sessile : bractere verj’ long, sur-
mounting the culm : tunic almost entire.
Spikelets about ll-fogetber, remote, sessile : bractere elongated : tunic
bifid at the apex.
Spikelets heaped into a head ; the lower ones female : bracteas mem-
branous : culm roundish, smooth : L. channelled.
Sjjikelels crowded, spiked, almost monoicous : bractea' membranous ;
the lower ones leafy : culm triangular : L. flat.
■ Sjakclcts crowded into a common spike ; lower and upper ones female ;
the intermediate male : culm triangular, erect.
Spike once nr twice compound: spikel. all androg : bractem leafy,
erect : fruit oppressed : root creeping.
Spike oblong, once or twice compound, prickly: fruit divaricated,
pointed, cloven : root fibrous.
: Spike elongated, once or twice compound, often branching at the
base ; lower spikel. remote : fruit nearly erect.
rSpike thrice compound, compact, obtuse : fruit divaricated : glumes
pointed, angles of the culm compressed, very sharp.
[•Spike twice or thrice compound, compact, rather acute : spikelets
clustered: fruit spreading, gibbous; culm roundish.
[■Spike thrice compound, branched, panicled, acute, interrupted : fruit
spreading, pointed: culm sharply triangular.
SpiLcs of distinct sexes : 1 male: bractece membranaceous.
iBractem membranous, mostly leafless, sheathing: spikes linear, lax,
erect; male shorter : L. flat.
iBraeteae membranous, mostly leafless, sheathing : female spikes re-
mote, few flow, inclosed in the sheath. L. channelled.
Splices of distinct sexes : 1 male., rarely 2 together : Bractece leaf,
nice., and generally sheathing,
heaths elongated, nearly equal to the pedunc : spikes cylind. very long,
nodding : fruit greatly crowded, ovate, acute.
?heaths elongated, nearly equal to the pedunc: spikes filiform, lax, a
little nodding : fruit lanceolate, triangular, ribbed.
Iheaths half the length of the pedunc : spikes filiform, rather loose,
nodding: fruit ovate, triangular, beaked.
• heaths much shorter than the pedunc : female spikes remote, erect,
few-flow : fruit inflated, beaked.
heaths not half the length of the pedunc ; fern, spikes distant, erect,
lax : fruit triangular, notched.
( 9l )
CLASS XXI. MONOECIA.
ORDER III. TRIANDRIA.
. ENGLISH NAMES
c
-- 0
CA ® S
b
s z ^
Cw &
o.b
U ou.
SEDGE.
.. capillary
7*8
. loose alpine
,s bastard-cyperu.s
Marshes
0
. green and gold ...
Sd. bop'.s
6
. scorched alpine...
7
8,7
. pale
5,8
. 3'ellow
, Oederian
. long'-bracteated...
0
0
Dry hea.
0
Dry past.
4
Heaths
4,5
0
0,7
Moi. past
glaucous heath ...
Heaths
5,0
5
LINNEAN NAMES
CAREX.
27 ca|)illaris
28 rariHora...
.SO limosa
3 1 ustulata
32 atrata
33 pulla
34 pallescens ....
35 flava
30 fulva
37 Oederi
38 extensa
39 distans
40 binervis
41 praecox
42 pilulifera
43 tomentosa
44 rigida
45 paiiicea
46 rpcurva
47 cffispitosa
P.
P.
P.
P.
P.
bc = 5
irw o
-cs
2009.
2516.
242.
2043,
2404,
P. i 2044.
I
P. j 2044
P. I 2185.
P. ; 1294.
P. ! 1295,
1773,
833.
1234.
P. I 1235.
I
P. j 1099.
P. I 885.
P. 204&
2047.
p ( isa
*• 11 2231!
P. ! 1507.
( 91 )
LASS XXI. MOXOECIA. ORDER III. TRIANDRIA.
SrEClI'IC CHARACTER.
CAREX.
Common .‘sheath, but half the length of the pedunc: female spikes
ovate, rather loose, nodding : fniit pointed.
Sheath.s scarcely any : fern, spikes few-llow. lax, nodding : fruit obo-
vate, hluntly 3-sided : root creeping.
Sheaths scarcely any : spikes cylind. ireduncled, pendulous, many-flow :
fruit spreading, furrowed, beaked, forked.
Sheaths very short, scarcely any : female spikes ovate, pendulous :
fruit elliptical, compressed: root creeping.
Sheaths scarcely any : fern, spikes ovate, pendulous : fruit elliptical,
compressed, Ireaked, with rough edges.
Diandrous ? sheaths scarcely any : spikes ovate, peduncled, [rendulous ;
the terminal one. male below : fruit compressed.
Digynoiis : sheaths 0 : spikes ovate ; the lower ones pedunc : fruit
elliptical, inflated, with a short eniarginate beak.
Sheaths very sliort : spikes cylind. peduncled, when in fruit pendu-
lous : fruit elliptical, inflated, obtuse.
Sheaths short, nearly equal to the pedunc. fern, spikes roundish : fr uit
beaked, curved downwards : culm smoothish.
Sheaths elongated, shorter than the pedunc : fern, spike ovate : fruit
beaked, straight: cirlrn rough.
Sheaths and pedunc. very short : fern, spikes roundish : fruit spreading,
globitlar, with a straight beak : culm smooth.
Sheaths and pedurre. very short : bracteae very long : fern, spikes
roundish : fruit ovate : culm smooth.
Sheaths elongated, nearly as long a.s the pedunc : spikes oblong, very
remote: scales pointed : citlm smooth.
Sheaths elongated, shorter than the pedunc: spikes cylind. remote,
often compound : scales pointed : fruit 2-nerved.
Sheaths short, nearly eqiral to the pedunc : sjukes ovate, approxi-
mate : scales poirrted : fruit roundish, pubescent.
Sheaths 0 : female spikes sessile, crowded, roundish : scales pointed :
fruit roundish, wrjrjlly.
Sheaths very sliort : female spikes almost sessile, cylind. blunt : scales
elliptical, acute : fruit tomentous.
Digynorrs : sheaths 0: spikes ovate; uppermost sessile: L. some-
what recurved, rigid : fruit a little compressed.
Sheaths elongated, about half the length of the [ledunc: female spikes
rather loose, remote: fruit irrflated : culm smooth.
Sheaths short : female spikes cylind. pendulous : fruit elliptical, trian-
gular, roughish : root cree[)ing.
Digynous: slieatlis 0 : spikes sessile, cylind. blunt : bractese auricled:
fruit permanent.
( )
CLASS XXI. MONOKCIA.
ORDER III. TRIAXDRIA.
421
422
42:1
424
LINNKAX NAMKS.
CAREX.
48 stricta
»««*«
4!) acuta
lid paliidosa .
51 riparia .....
52 laevigata
53 vesiearia ..
54 ampullacea
55 hirta
58 filiformis .,
KOBRESIA.
1 caricina
ERIOCAULON.
1 septangulare ... jointed
liXCI.ISII XAJIES.
SEDGE,
glaucous straight
slender-spiked ...
lesser comraon
great common
smooth stalk beak,
short-spik’d bladder
sleiid. beaked bind.
hairy
slender-leaved
KOBRESIA.
seflg.''
PIREWORT.
= 'I
Cf S I S S
0 — 2. ' ~ f
OOU. =
Marsb(!S ' 4
Wat. pi.
Wat. pi.
Riv. ban.
Bogs
illarsbes
Bogs ...
Wat. pi.
Boirs!...
.M.alp. })l.
I 5
5
4,5
5
5
5
5,8
8
Alp. lakei white
8 r.
r.
i/ - >.
914.
580.
8O7.
579.
1387.
779.
780.
885.
904.
'141(
733.
ORDER IV. TETRAXDRIA.
LITTORELLA.
SHORE -WEED.
8
P.
ALNUS.
ALDER.
1 glulinosus
common
\\'alery |i
3
T.
488.
•150^
( 92 )
CLASS XXI. MOXOKCIA. OROF.R III. TRIAXnRIA.
SPECiriC CllARACTEU.
CAREX.
3 Digynous : sheaths 0: spikes almost sessile, cvlind. elongated, acute :
hiacteip slightly auricled : IVuit deciduous.
***** Spikcfi of distinct sexes : males iiumcrnus.
Digynous : s])ikes filil'onn ; when in flower drooping, when in fruit
erect: fiuit elliptical, ohtuse, undivided at the apex.
'0 Spikes cylind. rather hinnt, erect ; fein.with awn-pointed scales ; male
with ohtuse ones : fruit elliptical, einarginate.
!1 Spikes erect ; male triangular, female cylind : scales all acuminate :
fruit heaked, forked.
2 Sjukes cylind ; fern, peduncled : sheaths very long : scales acnininate :
fruit triangular, heaked, forked.
i Female spikes cylind. shorti.-,h, almost .sessile : sheaths 0 : fruit in-
flated, heaked, forked.
4 Female spikes cylind. elongated, almost sessile : sheaths II : fruit in-
flated ; heak linear, forked.
j Hairy : spikes shortish, cylind. remote : sheaths nearly ecjual to the
pedunc : scales awned : fruit hairy.
J Spikes ovate : sheaths nearly erpial to the pedunc : scales pointed :
fruit dow ny : L. eliannelled, smootli.
421. KOBRFSIA. IVilld.
1 Spike compound, dense, somewhat ovate ; spikel. imbricated, alter-
nate. Schoenus ninnoicw. Eng. Hot,
422. ERIOCAULON.
Stem 7-angled : L. pointed, formed of reticulated cells : male florets mo-
nopetalous, with 4-.stam.
ORDER IV. TETRAXDRIA.
423. LITTORELLA.
L. linear.
424. ALXUS.
L. roundish, somewhat wedge-shaped, waved, serrated, glnlinons,
downy at the branching of the veins beneath. Betula Alnns.
Eng. Hot.
( )
425
42f»
CLASS XXL MONOI'XIA.
OHDEH IV. TIiTllAXDRIA.
LINNEAN NAMES.
nuxus.
scnipKrvirens.
URTICA.
pihilifera
livens
(lioica
ENGLISH NAMES,
BOX.
common .
NETTLE.
Roman
small
^reat
_ _o
O
dial, hil
Rubbish
Cult.
\V as. jji .
yellow..
o =
o 'C
C i
B,7 A.
B-IO A.
7,8 1 P.
ORDER V. PENTANDRIA.
3 to
irW o
_c:
1341.
148.
1236.
1750.
427
XANTHIUM.
BUR-WEED.
1 strumariiim ...
small
Dunjibil.!
green ...
8,0
A.
2544.
428
AMARANTHUS.
AMARANTH.
8
A.
420
BRYONIA.
BRYONY.
1 tiioica
red-berried
Hedjjes
white ...
5-9
P.
439.
ORDER VII. POLYANDRIA.
430
CERATOPIIYLLUM. HORNWORT.
8,9
P.
947.
9
P.
879.
431
MYRIOPHYLLUA
. WATER-MIL
FOIL.
1 spicatnm
spiked
Ditches
reddish
7,8
P.
83.
2 vci!ti#illatiim ...
wliorled
Ponds !
green ...
7
P.
218.
432
SAOITTARIA.
ARROW-HEAP
wliite ...
7,8
P.
84.
433
ARUM.
CUCKOW-PINT
1 maculatiim
coluinon
Shady pl.
5
P.
1298.
I 1
( 93 )
CLASS XXL MONOECIA. OHDER IV'. TKTRANnillA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
425. BUXUS.
1 L. ovate, with footstalks hairy at tlie c<i{^.
421). URTICA.
1 L. op|)osite, ovate, serrated J female flowers capitate.
2 L. opjiosite, elliptical, about 5-nerved : clusters nearlj' simple.
3 L. opposite, heart-sha|)ed : clustered in pairs, very much branched,
mostly dioicous.
ORDER VL PENTANDRIA.
427. XANTHIUM.
1 Stem thornless : L. heart-shaped, 3-nerved at the base.
428. AMARANTH US.
1 FI. in small lateral tolls, 3-cleft, triandrous : L. ovate : stem dilfuse.
429. BRYONIA.
1 L. palmate, rough on both sides with callous jjoints : El. dioicous.
ORDER VII. POLYANDRIA.
430. CERATOPHYLLUM.
1 Fruit 3-8pined.
2 Fruit spineless.
431. MYRIOPHYLLUM.
1 FI. in interrupted leafless spikes.
2 FI. all axillary.
432. SAGITTARIA.
1 L. arrow-shaped, acute.
433. ARUM.
I Steniless : L. halberd-shaped, very entire : spadix club-shaped, ob-
tuse.
( !)4 )
CLASS XXI. iMONOKCIA.
ORDER
VH. POLYANDRIA.
4:i-i
T.IXNKAX NAMES.
POTKKIUM. (lAI
ENflLISIl NAMES.
DKN-BUKXET.
S..il
or
Situation.
b ^
c ^ if
'X ^ o
c
s.E
% 9
Duration.
Us
;r W c
Clial.hil
7
p.
odo.
435
yUERCUS.
OAK.
common Riitish...
sessile-fViiited ...
BEECH.
4
T.
1342.
1845.
Woods
4,0
T.
.13(i
FAGUS.
Woods
4.5
T.
1848.
i:’.7
CASTANE.V
CHESNUT.
Woods
6
T.
cc
431i
RETULA.
BIRCH.
T.
2108.
2328.
Moi.liea.
5
S.
43!(
CARPINUS.
HORN-BEAM.
Woods
0
T.
2032.
440
CORVLUS.
HASEL.
Woods
4,5
T.
723.
ORDER VIII. MONADELPIIIA.
PIN US. FIR. I
1 sjivostris Si’oti'li 1 Scot.alp
24t;0.
4-11
( 'M ?
CLASS XXL :\IOXOECIA. OHDKll VIL POLYANDRIA.
SPF.CTFIC CHAllACTER.
434. POTKnir?sr.
1 Thornless : stem somewhat angular.
435. QUERCUS.
1 L. Deciduous, oblong, broadest towards the end ; their sinuses rather
acute; anjjles obtuse : pedunc. of the fruit elongated.
2 L. petioled, deciduous, oblong ; their sinuses ojjpusite, and rather acute :
fruit sessile.
430. FAGUS.
1 L. ovate, smooth, obscurely serrated, fringed at the edge.
437. CASTAXEA.
1 L. oblong-lanceolate, pointed, sharply seriated, naked beneath. /’iigMi-
Castanea. Eng. Hot.
438. BETULA.
1 L. ovate, acute, serrated, smoothish.
2 L. orbicular, crenate.
439. CARPIXUS.
1 Scales of the fruit flat, oblong, toothed: I., ovate, pointed, doubly
serrated.
440. CORYLUS.
1 Stipulae ovate, obtuse: L. roundish, heart-shaped, pointed: young
branches hairy.
ORDER VIII. MOXADEI.PIIIA.
441. PIXUS.
1 L. in pairs, rigid : cones when young stidlied, recurved : crest of the
anth. very small.
H h
%tr w
-- < ^
^ '
•'9* ^
• ». l•-^■'J|i^.|•|r♦^ * ■ t 'ij^
i-fc
*>-
J«A>_ iLrfr^i ■•V-i»*>i fjkr
‘*Jl>,Ty * ‘ I <'# yir«-|*-'«f *-W*, 0t^■^ (
^f rv -»i* Mnfl
f.
.>-'i4.U.t' jot
‘■«it . i<n'wi»
; TH
• •
■■Ji A
l>«>^
• '4431 A’) .m
'? : i .4»i'- .’■* I^»>^ 'f» 1^'
#3* , , _^ .
. -*•■ '.fttt(r) 4NA
■' • .-Wt*-’-' -‘•'••'t' «^-^«
.hr/i«db
, Ilf
- K •
A i ^
5 J,
CLASS XXII.
DIOECIA.
ORDER I. MONANDRIA.
Snlix. 1, 2, 3, 4.
ORDER II. DIANDRIA.
442. Salix Male Plant, Cal. scale of catkin. Cor. 0. iViec-
tar^ a gland at the base of the stamina. Stam.
I to 5.
Eemale Plant Cal. and Nect. as in the male.
Cor. 0. Atig. 2. Caps, superior, I -celled, 2-
valved. Seeds downy.
ORDER III. TRIANDRIA.
443. Ejipetrum.... Male, Cat 3-parted. Pet. 3. Stam. capillary, 3
to 9.
Eem. Cal. 3-parted. Pet. 3. Stig. 9. Heny su-
perior, 9-seeded.
444. Ruscus Male, Cal. (i-leaved. Cor. 0. jVect. ovate, tubu-
lar, hearing the stamina within.
Fern. Cal. Cor. and A’^ect. as in the male. .S'fam.O.
Style 1. Berry superior, 3-celled. Seeds in
pairs.
Valeriana 2. Carex 1 , 2. Salix 7, 8, 9.
ORDER IV. TETRANDRIA.
i44(I. Hippophae ... Male, Cal. 2-parted. Cor. 0.
Eem. Cal. tubular, 2-cleR. Style 1. Berry supe-
rior, 1 -seeded. Seed invested with a double
coat.
CLASS XXII. niOECIA. ORDER IV. TETRAXDRIA.
447- Myrica
445. Viscuji
— Male, Cal. srale of a catkin, roncave. Cor. 0.
Kein. Cal. scale of a catkin, concave. Cor. 0.
Styles 2. Berry 1 -seeded.
.... Male, Cal. 0. Pet. 4. dilated and coheiinjjf at their
base, resenihlin<f a calyx. Anth. sessile, fixed .
to the petals.
I'em. Cal. subniarj^inate. Pet. 4. dilated at the
base. Style 0. Berry inferior, 1 seeded.
Rhamnus 1. Urtica 3.
ORDER V. PENTAXDRIA.
448. Hujrui-us.
.... Male, Cal. 5-leaved. Cor. 0. Anth. with 2 jxires
at the apex.
Feni. Cal. scale of a catkin oblique, entire. Cor.
0. Styles 2. Seed 1, coated, wing-erl with the
cakx.
Ribts
J. Pimpinclla Bryonia 1. Salix 13.
ORDER VI. HEXAXDRIA.
449. Tamus ....
.... Male, Cn/. t)-parted. Cor. 0.
Fein. ('nl. and Cor. as in the male. Style 3-cleft.
Berry inferior, 3-celled. Seeds 2 together.
Rumen 10, 11.
ORDER VII. OCTAXDRIA.
451. Rhodiola.
450. POPULUS .
... M.ale, Cal 4-parted. Pet. 4. iXert. 4. notched.
F’ein. Cal. Pet. and Kect. as in the male.
Alale, Cal. scale of a catkin, torn. Cor. turbinate,
oblique, entire.
Feni. Cal. and Cor. as in the male. Stist- 4. Caps,
superior, 2-celled. 2-yalved. Seeds downy.
ORDER VIII. EXNEAXDRIA.
452. Mercuuialis. Male, Val. H-parted. Cor. 0. Slam. 9 to 12. Anth.
[globose, (loiil'le.
Fein. Cal. and Cor. as in the male. Sti/ks 2. Caps.
donlile, 2-eelled. Seals solitary-
CLASS XXII. DIOECIA. OlIDER VIII. EXNEAXDRIA.
> 453. Hv'DROCHAris. Alale, f’n/. 3-cloft. Pvt, ‘i. I'ilam. 3 of tiie inte-
rior I'ealo'd.
Feni. Ciil. and Pet. as in tlie male. Styles fi. Caps.
(i-eelled, man\'-secded, inferior.
Empetrum nigrum.
ORDER IX. DECAXDRIA.
Silene 6. Lychnis 4.
ORDER XI, ICOSAXDRIA.
Huhus Chamvemorus.
ORDER XII. POLYANDRIA.
Stratiotes. Populus 1.
ORDER XIII. MONADELPHIA.
454. Jl’NIPERUS ... Male, Cal. scales of a catkin. Cor, 0. Siam. 3.
Eem. Cal. scales of a catkin, fewer, at length Heshy,
united into a Berry with 3 Seeds.
455. Taxus Male Cal. 0. Cor. 0. Stum, numerous. Anth. pel-
tate, fi-cleft.
E’em. Cal. pitcher-shaped, verj' entire. Style 0.
Seed I, standing on the pulpj’ calyx.
Salix 5, fi. Huscus.
( f)5 )
442
CLASS XXII. niOECIA.
ORDER II. DIAXDRIA.
I.INNEAX NA.MES.
SALIX.
1 pui'|)urea
2 Hplix
3 Lambertiana ..
4 Eorbyaiia
5 ruhra
Croweana
7 trial 1(1 ra
iJ auiyj^daliiia ..
WILLOW.
bitter purple .
rose
Boyton
Iiasket osier .
p een osier
Crowe’s
9 laiieeolata ..
10 Russelliaiia ...
1 1 (lecipiens ..
12 fragilis
13 pentaiulra ..
14 nigricans ..
15 bicolor
10 petiolaris-|-..,
17 pliylicifolia
10 Arbuscula ...
10 vitellina
20 temii folia ...
21 malifolia ...
long le. triaiidrous
broad leaved ditto
sharp leaved ditto
Bedford
varnisbed
crack
sweet
dark long leaved
tea-leaved ...
little tree ...
yellow
thin-leaved
apple-leaved
Vi
Soil 1
or
Situation. |
Colour
of the
1 lower.
1
. tit
o.a
Duration. '
—
ili;
— %
c
cn
3
s.
1388.
3,4
T.
1343.
3,4
T.
1359.
4
S.
1344.
4,0
s.
1145.
4,5
T.
1 146.
Riv. ban.
5,f!
T.
1435.
Marshes
4,5
s.
1936.
Alea. ...
4,0
T.
1436
4,5
T.
Woods
0
T.
1 937.
4,5
T.
1807.
5,(j
T.
1805.
Osier liol.
4
s.i
1213.
Woods
4,5
1
S. ;
1806.
Marshes
4
S. '
1147.
Sc. alps.
5
s.
1
1958.
Sc. alps.
4
s. ’
1366. .
5
t
T.
1389.
stony hill
5,(!
s.
2186.
Mount t
s. 1
i
I6I7.
( 95 )
class XXII. niOF.CIA. OBDEU II. DIANnillA. '
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
442. SALIX.
* Leaves smoothish : serrated.
I iMoiuimlroii.s, docmnbeiit : L. obovate-lanceolate, serrated, smootli :
stig. very slu.rt, ovate, almost sessile.
:2 Monandrous, erert: L. lanceolate, pointed, seirnlated, smooth: style
long, filiform : stig. linear.
3 Monandrous, erect: L. obovate-lanceolate, acute, serrated, smooth;
stig. very short, ovate, notched.
4 Monandrous, erect : L. with small stipula?, lanceolate, acute, denticu-
late, smooth, glaucous beneath : stig. linear.
5 Monadelphous ; L. linear-lanceolate, elongated, acute, denticulate,
smooth, green on both sides.
6 Monadelphous : L. elliptical, slightly serrated, very smooth, glaucous
beneath.
7 Triandrous; L. linear-oblong, serrated, smooth; germ, on a stalk.
8 Triandrous: L. ovate, oblitpie, seiTated, smooth : germ, stalked : sti-
pula- large. *
9 Triandrous : L. lanceolate, tapering toward each end, serrated, smooth :
petioles decurrent : germ, stalked.
0 Triandrous? L. lanceolate, acuminate, serrated, smooth: germ, stalked,
tapering : petioles glandular.
1 L. lanceolate, serrated, smooth : petioles somewhat glandular : germ.
tapering, stalked : branches smooth, polished.
"2 L. ovate-lanceolate, pointed, serrated, very smooth : petioles toothed,
glandular; germ, ovate, nearly sessile.
3 Pentandrous: L. elliptic-lanceolate, crenate, smooth : germen smooth,
almost sessile.
*4 L. elliptic-lanceolate, crenate, smooth, glaucous beneath : germ, stalkerl,
lanceolate, acuminate, silky.
5 L. ellfpiical, •acute, slightly serrated, smoothish, glaucous beneath :
germen stalked, lanceolate, "silky.
<i L. lanceolate, serrated, smooth, glaucous heneath : germ, stalked,
ovate, silky : stig. sessile, 2-lobcd.
17 L. lanceolate, undulated, crenate, smooth, glaucous beneath : stipulae
souiewhat lunate : germ, stalked, silky.
S L. lanceolate, obscurely toothed, smooth, without stipulae: branches
pubescent : catkins ovate.
'!t L. lanceolate, acute, serrated, smooth above; serratures cartilaginous:
stig. notched.
4) L. elliptical, acute, seiTated, smoothish, glaucous beneath : stipidae
obsolete ; caps, very sinootb.
’ 1 L. elli[)tic-oblong, toothed, waved, scariose, very smooth : stipula;
heart-shaped, very large.
( 96 ^
CLASS XXII. DIOKCIA.
OUDKR II. DIANDUIA.
I.IXNEAN XAMES.
SAL IX.
22 myrsiiiites ..
23 prunifolia ..
24 venulosa ..
2;i vacciniifolia ...
2(J carinata
27 Dicksoniana ...
28 herbacea ...
fXGLISH NAMES.
WILLOW.
««
2!I reticulata
80
31
32
33
34
35
30
37
38
3!I
40
arenana....
glauca ....
Stuai'tiaiia .
argpiitea....
prostrata ..
fuscii
pai'vil'oUa ..
arlscemleiis
pliiiii-leaved
veiny-leaved .
keel-leaved
least
wrinkled
re|M-ns
rosniarinilblia
cinerea
downy mountain
glaucous
Stuart’s
silky sand
prostrate dwarf.,
brownish dwarf..
small-leaved
ascending dwarf
creeping dwarf.,
rosemary-leavetl
c
5. 'c c ^
CO 3
fZ
Colour
of the
Flower.
ai
o ^
4- O
o
3
z ac-
=* ? i3
o
. Sc. alps
.5,0
S.
1300.
. Sc. alps
5,0
s.
1301.
4
s.
1302.
S. of Sea
4
s.
2341.
4_j
s.
1303.
Sc. alps
4
s.
1390.
Sc. alps
6
s.
1907.
6
s.
1908.
Sc. alps
5
s.
1809.
Sc. alps
5
s.
1810. 1
Sc. alps
7
s.
2580. 1
San. sb.
5
s.
1304. L
M.alp. pi.
k
5,0
s.
1959. 1
M. bea.
5
s.
1900. i
Moi.mea.
6
s.
1901. i
Moi. bea.
5
s.
1902. r
s.
183. 1
San. pi.
4,5
s.
1305. !
WtHwls
5
T.
1897. 1
( W )
CLASS XXII. niOF.CIA.
ORnElt II. niANDHIA.
33
34
35
6
i7
l'8
SPECII'IC CIIARACTEn.
SAL IX.
L. elliptical, serrated, smooth, voinj-, shininp; on both sides: J'ounj^
branches hairy : caps, awl-shaped, downy.
L. ovate, serrated, smooth and even above, glaucous beneath: branches
rather pubescent : caps, ovate, silky.
L. ovate, serrated, smooth, reticulated with veins above, rather glau-
cous beneath : ca|)S. elliptical, silky.
L. ovate, serrated, smooth and even above, glaucous and silky beneath :
caps, ovate, silky : stems decumbent.
L. ovate, denticulated, smooth, tinely veined, compressed, forming a
keel : raps, ovate, downy.
L. elliptical, acute, slightly toothed, smooth, glaucous beneath : branches
verv smooth : catkins ovate, short, erect : germ, silky.
L. orbicular, serrated, very smooth, reticulated with veins, shining on
both sides: caps, smooth.
*• Leaves very entire^ smoothish,
■y L. elliptic-orbicular, obtuse, entire, smooth, reticulated with veins,
glaucous beneath : caps, villous.
*** Leaves villous.
<I
) ll
I#. §5
a 17
^1'
L. nearly entire, ovate, acute, somewhat villous above, very woolly
beneath.
L. nearly entire, elliptic-lanceolate, even and nearly smooth above,
woollv beneath, Ibotstalked, decurrent.
L. nearly entire, lanceolate, acute, villous above, densely silky beneath:
stig. deeitly divided, ca|)illary.
L. entire, elliptical, a little revohite, with a small hooked point, rather
downv above, silky and shining- beneath, as well as the branches.
L. slightly toothed, elliptical, acute, glaucous and silky beneath : stem
prcistrate.
L. somewhat toothed, elliptic-oblong, acute, smooth above, glaucous
and silky beneath : petioles slender.
L. elliptical, nearlj' entire, with recurved points, glaucous and .silky
beneath : stem decumbent : stipula” ovate, entire.
L. elliptir-<jblong, somewhat serrated, with recurved points, glaucous
and silky beneath : stem a.scending : .stipulae ovate, serrated.
L. entire, ellijUic-lanceolate, somewhat awn-|)ointed, nakedish above,
glaucous or silky beneath : stem depressed.
L. entire, linear-lanceolate, straight, silky beneath : stem erect : sti-
pulrn erect. Hat.
I • L. almost entire, obovate-lanceolate, beneath glaucous, down)', with
reticulated veins : stipula; semi-cordate, .serrated.
( 97 )
ri,ASS XXII. DIOECIA.
ORDER II. DIAXDRIA.
r'
LIVNEAN NAMES.
SALIX.
41 aurita
42 aijuatiL'a
43 olcit'ulia
44 rupestris
45 Andersoniana
4f> Forsteriana ...
47 cotinif'olia
48 sphacelata
48 liiita
50 caprea
51 acuaunata
52 stipulaiis
53 mollissiiua
54 vinuualis
55 alba
58 cserulea
“
ENGLISH NAMES.
» ° 3
= ¥
I
'Joe;
'd s.
WILLOW.
round-eared sallow
VVoods
3,5
S.
common sallow' ...
Wet thic.
4
T.
ol ive-leav ed sallow
Thickets
3
S.
Sc. alps
4
S.
Anderson’s
5
s.
Forster’s
5
T.
quince-leaved ...
Woods
4
s.
withered pointed
Sc. al|)s
3,5
s.
hairy branched ...
Woods
4,0
T.
round-leav’d sallow
Dry wo.
4
T.
4
T.
3
S'.
4
s.
common osier ...
Osier jjro
3,5
s.
common white ...
Woods
3,5
T.
blue
Moi. mea.
5
T.
1487
1437 ■ I-
1402 . I
2M2 . L
I
I 2343 L
2344 , L
1403 L
2333 I L.
im I L
1488 I ^
1334 L
1214 ; L
1508 , I
1888 .
2430 : L
2431 L
ORDER III. TRIANDRIA.
EMPRTRIJM.
CRAKE-BERRY.
Mount h.
5
S.
528
RUSCUS.
BUTCHER’S B
lOOM.
1 aculeatiis .......
common
Thickets
greenish
3,3
P.
560
( 97 )
CLASS XXII. DIOF.CIA. ORDKK II. niANDIlIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
SAL IX.
I L. soiiipwliat serrated, obovate, obtuse, witli a small hooked point,
villous and retieulated with veins on both sides: stipuUe various.
.:2 L. somewhat serrated, obovate-elliptical, downy, flat: somewhat glau-
cous beneath : stipida; round, toothed.
3 L. obovate-lanceolate, flat, denticulated, acute, glaucous and hairy
beneath : stipulae small.
i4 L. obovate, serrated, even, silky on both sides : stipulae hairy : germ,
stalked, silky : stig. entire.
vj L. elliptical, acute, finely notched, downy: stipute half ovate, smooth:
germ, smooth : stig. cloven.
t) L. elliptic-obovate, acute, notched, slightly downy', glaucous beneath:
stipulae vaulted : germ, silky.
7 L. elliptical, almost orbicular, slightly toothed, beneath downy and
marked with rectangular veins.
'd L. entire, elliptici^, flat, downy on both sides, somewhat withered at
the point: stipulm ohsolete: caps, tapering.
G L. elliptic-cordate, pointed, finely notched, dow ny on both sides :
stipulie semi-cordate, toothed, nearly smooth : branches hairy.
I L. ovate, pointed, serrated, waved, tomentous beneath : stipula* sub-
lunate: caps, swelling.
I L. lanceolate-oblong, pointed, waved, slightly toothed, tomentous be-
neath: stijmla? kidney-shaped : caps, ovate, tapering.
3 L. lanceolate, ]iointed, obscurely crenate, tomentous beneath ; stipula.*
semi-cordate, very large : nect. cylindrical.
• L. lanceolate, pointeil, somewhat crenate, whitish and silky beneath :
■stipula- lunate, very small.
t L. lanceolate-linear, very long, pointed, entire, silky beneath: branches
rod-like: style elongated.
> L. elliptic-lanceohite, acute, serrated, silky on both sides ; the lowest
serratures glandular : .stig. deejjly cloven.
• L. lanceolate, pointed, serrated, silky, but beneath at length smooth ;
lower serratures glandular : stig. cloven.
ORDER III. TRIaXDRIA.
443. EAIPETKUM.
iJ'. Stems procumbent.
444. RUSCIJS.
j(< L. ovate, with a sbaqi horny [joint, flowering on the upper side, naked.
( OS )
445
44(i
447
44a
44:1
450
451
CLASS XXII. DIOKCIA.
OUnKIl IV. TETRAXDRIA.
LINNEAN NAMES.
VISCU5I.
1 ulbiini
HIPPOPHAE.
1 rlianinoides ...
452
iMYRICA.
1 Gale
ENGLISH NAMES.
On Tree^
5IISSELTOK.
common
SALLOW-THORN,
common Sea coast
GALE,
sweet
W Ofc.
O
f^reenisli 5
green ,
Sp. hogs
ORDER V. PENTANDRIA.
T.
— "3>
55,r
'o r 5
U4 O
1470.
425.
502.
HUMULUS.
HOP. 1
1 Lupulus
common ' Hedges
yellow...
7
P.
TAMUS.
BLACK-BRYONY.
1 communis
common ] Hedges
greenish
0
P.
427.
111.
ORDER VII. OCTAXDRIA.
POPULUS.
1 alba
J cane.scens
a tremula .
4 nigra ....
RIIODIOLA.
1 rosea
POPLAR.
abele, or white...
Moi. wo.
a
T.
1010.
Wat. pi.
a
T.
1019.
aspen, ortrcmhling
IMoi. wo.
3,4
T.
1909.
black
Wat. pi.
3
T.
1910.
ROSE-ROOT. ...
coranion
Alp. rock
j-ellow...
5,6
P.
508.
ORDER VIII. ENNF.ANDRIA.
MERCURIALIS.
1 perennis.
2 annua
MERCURY.
1
. perennial
Woods
green ...
4,0
p.
. annual
Rubbish
green ...
7,9
A.
1.17-2.
559.
II
L
'IL
( f)S )
CLASS XXII. DIOECIA. ORDER IV. TETRANDRIA.
SPECIFIC CIlAliACTER.
I
1
1
44.). VI SCUM.
L. lanceolate, obtuse: stem dichotomous : heads of flow, axillary.
44(i. IIIUPOPIIAE.
L. lanceolate.
447. MYRICA.
L. lanceolate, slightly serrated : stem shndjby.
1
ORDER V. PENTAXDRIA.
448. HUMUl.US,
448. TAMUS.
1 1 L. heart-shaped, undivided.
ORDER VII. OCTANDRIA.
4.'i0. POPULUS.
1 L. roundish, somewhat heart-shaped, lobed, toothed, tomentous and
snow-white beneath : catkins ovate.
-2 L. roundish, deeply waveil, toothed, tomentous and hoary beneath :
catkins cylind. loose.
3 L. nearly orbicular, toothed, smooth on both sides : petioles compres-
sed: young branches hairy.
l4 L. deltoid, pointed, serrated, smooth on both sides.
4.51. RIIODIOLA.
1 L. obovate, pointed, fleshy, glaucous.
ORDER VIII. ENXEAXDRIA.
4.52. MERCURIALIS.
1 Stem quite simple : L. rough : root creeping.
2 Stem cross-branching : L. smooth : FI. spiked : root fibrous.
( 99 )
CLASS XXII. DIOECIA. OH DPMI
VIII. EXNPiANDPIA.
cb
LINKKAN NA3IKS.
ENGLISH NAMES.
Soil
or
tuatior
Colour
of the
Rower.
0 =
6
o
3 jO -
oc c "i
iZ- 0
a
453
in'DHoriiAius.
KROG-BIT.
1 Morrtus ran*,..
common
Ditches
white ...
1
p.
8(18.
ORDER XIII. MONADELPHIA.
454
.lUNIPERUS.
.HINIPER.
5
s.
1100.
455
TAXES.
YEW.
1 baccata
Common
AT. woods
3,4
T.
740.
( 9!) )
CLASS XXII. niOKCIA. ORDER VIH. KNNF.ANDRIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER
IlYDROCIIARIS.
I 1.. entire, kidney-shaped.
ORDER XIII. MOXADELPHI.V.
■154. JUXIPERUS.
1 L. d-tofretlier, spreading-, tipped witli a spine, longer than the berry.
455. TAXUS.
I L. approximate.
to' f-:.
/*> - •'HU •
f
.1 - 1 ' I . .rt**/!'
' ■ I*
9
t
i
CLASS XXIIL
POLYGAM I A.
•
ORDER I. MONOPXIA.
‘J.'iO. Atrii'lex...
... Hormaplirodite flower. Cal. .'i-piirtefl, iiilefior.
Cur. 0. Stem. .'i. .S'fy/e cloven, Seed 1, dejires-
■setl.
Female, Cal. 2-lcaved. Cur. 0. St^lc cloven.
Seed 1 , comprest-ed.
K k
( 100 )
CLASS XXIII. POLYGAiMIA.
ORDER I. MONOECIA.
Soil
or
Situation.
i 1
i Colour
of t!ie
I'loWtT.
Time of
Flowering.
1 Duration.
Mud. sh.
7, a
s.
San. sh.
7
A.
Dunghill
6-8
A.
1
Rubbish
6,8
A. 1
Fields !
8
A.
Mud. sh.
8,9
A.
8,9
P.
•
LINNEAN NAMES.
ATRIPLEX.
1 portiilacoicles...
2 laciniata
3 patula
4 angustifolia ...
5 erecta
6 littoralis
7 pedunculata ...
ENGLISH NAMES,
ORACHE*
shnibl)y
frosted sea
spreading
narrow-leaved
upright
grass-leaved ...
stalked sea ...
.^1
2K1.
165.
93H.
703.
232.
( luo )
CLASS XXIII. POLYGAiMlA. OUDER I. MONOECIA.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
456. ATRIPLEX.
1 Stem shnibbj^: L. opposite, obovate-lanceolatc : FI. mostly monoecious.
2 Stem berl'aceous, spreading : L. deltoid, sinuate-tootbed, silvery be-
neath.
3 Stem herbaceous, spreading : L. deltoid-lanceolate, somewhat halbert-
shaped : calyx of the seeds more or less muricated on the disk.
4 Stem herbaceous, spreading : L. lanceolate, entire ; lowermost some-
what hastate ; calyx of the seeds hastate, smoothish.
5 Stem herbaceous, erect : L. ovate-lanceolate ; lower ones sinuated :
calyx of the seed muricated on every side.
6 Stem herbaceous, erect : L. all linear, entire or toothed : calyx of the
seed muricated, sinuated.
7 Stem herbaceous, flexuose, divaricating: L. obovate, entire: female
flow, on foot stalks, wedge-shaped.
a
CLASS XXIV.
CRVPTOGAMIA.
OKDEP. I. GONOPTERIDES.
Fructification in a terminal catkin.
457.
EquisETUM. Scales of the catkin peltate, flat, angular, flower-
ing on their inside. Partial Invnl. tubular, 2-valved. Seed
naked, enfolded by 4 spiral pollen-bearing filament.s.
ORDER II. STACHY'OPTERIDES.
Fructification in a spike.
till.
458.
4.5!».
480.
LYCOroDIlTM. Apl/res club-shaped. Caps, kidney. shaped, 1 -cel-
led, 2-valved, niany-seeded. Seeds very minute, like dust.
OpiliOGi-OSSUM. Caps, numerous naked, collected into a 2-
ed spike, 1-celled, 2-valved, bursting transversely.
BoTUyt’H lusi. Onps. globular, attached to the st.ilks of a com-
pound spike, distinct, naked, l-celled, 2-valved, huisting
transversely.
ORDER III. SCHISMATORfl'ERIDES.
Fructification in branched spike
4(il.
OsjniNOA. Caps, globular, stalked, scored, 2-valved, clusteretl.
Jni'ul. 0.
ORDER IV. FILICES. (Ferx.s.)
Fructification on the buck of the leaf or frond.
402. Poi.Yi‘oi>iii!M. Fructification in ronndisli scattered dots. /«-
vol. 0.
i/-
CLASS XXIV. CRYrTOGAi'MIA.
ORDER IV. FILICES.
4(i;i. AspmirM. Frurtif. in roundisli scattered dots. Invul. umbi-
licati'd.
4(14. AsPl.ENlUM. Fnirt. in scattered transvore lines. Invol. origin-
atin';' from a vein, bursting towards the rib.
4(id. ScOI.Ol'EKDRll’ >1. Fnirt. in scattered double lines, close to-
gether, between veins. Invol. superficial, folding over each
• other, and opening as if by a longitudinal suture.
4(iti. Pteris. Frurt. in continued marginal lines. Invol. formed of the
rcHexed margin of the leaf, bursting inwards.
4fi7. Bleciinem. Fru't. in continued lines near the rib of the leaf.
Invol. superficial, bursting inwards.
4(id .Adiantitvi. Frurt. in oblong or roundish marginal dots. Invol.
like scales, formed of the reHexed margin of the leaf, dis-
tinct, opening inwards.
4t)S). Cyathea. Fewer, scattered, roundish, growing out of an hemis-
jjhcrical Invol. which bursts at the top.
470. WoODSlA. Frurt. scattered, roundisli. Invol. open, divided into
many capillary segments.
471. Triciiomanes. Fruef. in.serted into the margin of the leaf. In-
vol. pitcher-shaped, 1-leafed, opening outwards
472. HymEXOI’HYLLUM. Frurt. inserterl into the margin of the leaf.
Invol. 2-valved, compressed, opening outwards.
ORDER V. HYDROPTERIDES.
Fructijicutiun marly radical..
47o. IsOETES. Caps, membranaceous, not opening, immersed at the
base of the frond, 1-celled. Seeds rough.
474. PlLt.rLARlA. Invol. globular, imbricated, resembling a 4-celled,
4-valved capsule. Seeds numerous, coated.
ORDER VI. MUSC'I. (Mosses.)
Herb leafy. Corolla like a Hood hearing the Style, and covering the
Capsule, ivhirh is closed vcith a lid.
A. Peristome none.
* Capsule sessile.
47o. Andr/Ea. Caps. 4-valved. Lid. persistent.
47(». Sphagnum. Caps, entire. Lid. deciduous. Recept. stalked.
•• Fruitstalks terminal.
PilASCUM. Caps, entire. Recept. sessile. Lid. persistent. Calyp-
tra dinridiate.
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER VI. MUSCI.
478. ScHiSTOSTEGA. Caps, entire. liecept. sessile. Lid. decitluous,
laciniated.
479. Anictangium. Caps, entire. liecept. sessile. Lid. deciduous,
entire. Calypt. campanulate.
400. Gy:iINOSTOJH'M. Caps, entire. Recepf. sessile. Lid. deciduous,
entire. Calypt. dimidiate.
B. Peristome simple.
* Fruitstalks terminal.
481. DirnYSCiUM. /'emt. forming a plicate, membranous, truncated
cone. Calypt. mitriform.
482. TETnAl’Hls. Perist. consisting of 4 equi-distant upright teeth.
Calypt. mitriform.
488. Splaciinuji. Perist. of 8 double teeth. Calypt. mitriform, fur-
rowed.
484. CoxosTOMUJi. Perist. of 18 equidistant teeth, all united at
their summits. Calypt. dimidate.
485. Poi.YTltlCHL'M. Perist. of 82 or 84 equidistant incurved teeth ;
united b}* a horizontal membrane at their summits. Calypt.
dimidiate, small.
488. ClNCLlDOTUs. /’crisf. of 82 filiform twisted teeth, anastomosing
at their base. Calypt. mitriform.
487- Tortula. Perist. of 82 filiform twisted teeth, more or less
united at the base. Calypt. dimidiate.
488. Excai.ypta. Pei-ist. of 18 teeth. Calypt. campanulate, smootli,
entirely covering the capsule.
489. Grimmia. Perist. of 18 entire equidistant teeth. Calypt. mitri-
fbi m.
491. Weissia. Perist. of 18 entire equidistant teeth. Calypt. dimi-
diate.
492. Dicraxl’M. Pemt. of 18 bifid equidistant teeth. C’a(jq)f. dimi-
diate.
498. Trichostojium. Perist. of 18 equal teeth, divided to the base,
or 82 united in pairs. Calypt. mitriform.
495. Didyjioeox. Perist. of 18, or 82 teetli in pairs, or united at
the base. Calypt. dimidiate.
•* Pruitstallcs lateral.
494. Leucodox. Perist. of 82 teeth, united in pairs. Calypt. dimi-
diate. I
490. Pterogoxium. Perist. of 10 entire equidistant teeth. Calypt. >
dimidiate.
C. Peristome double.
* Pruitst(dlis terminal. I
498. buXARiA. Pcri.vf. oblique ; the outer of 18 teeth, and the inner i|
ol the same number opj'osite to those ol tire outer.
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAIMIA. ORDER IV. MIJSCI.
-197- Zygodox. Perist. outer of IG teeth in pairs; the inner of 16
ciliary processes, hnn}^ horizontally. Cali/pt. dimidiate.
496. OuTHOTRiCHirar. i'erat. outer of IG teeth in pairs; the inner
of I(> ciliary processes, lyin^ horizontally. Cali/pt. initri-
form, silicate, more or less hairy.
501. Rartrajiia. Cayw. snhelobose. PeWst. outer of 16 teeth; fjiner
a membrane divided in 16 bifid sefrments. Cali/pt. dimidiate.
507- Buyum. Pcrint. outer of 16 teeth; inner a membrane cut into
16 eijual segments, with filiform processes between them.
Caiypt. dimidiate.
503. Buxb.aumia. Caps, oblique, gibbous. Perist. outer of numerous
tilifoim, jointless processes; inner n plicate membranous
cone. Caiypt. mitriform.
“• Fruitstalks lateral.
499. X’eckera. /’er/vt. outer of 16 teeth ; inner of 16 cilia, connected
at the base by a short membrane. Cali/pt. dimidiate.
500. Axojiodox. Perist. of 16 teeth, and a ciliary process from each
tooth. Caiypt. dimidiate.
501. D.altoxia. Perist. of 16 teeth, with a ciliary process from the
side of each. Caiypt. mitriform.
502. Fontixalis. Perist. outer of 16 teeth ; inner of 16 cilia, con-
nected by transverse bars, and forming a reticulated cone.
Caiypt. mitriform.
505. IIOOKERIA. /'ertst. outer of 16 teeth ; ruuer a membrane divided
into 16 entire segments. Caiypt. mitriform.
506. IIypxum. Perist. outer of 16 teeth ; inuer a membrane cut into
It) equal segments, with filitbrm processes between them.
Caiypt. dimidiate.
ORDER VII. IIEPATICiE.
Herb frondose, consisting of leaf and stem united. Capsules destitute
of a lid.
508. Jlxgerjiaxxi.a. Male Flowers sessile. Anth. stalked. Caps.
on a stalk, rising from a sheath, of 4 valves. Heeds attached
to elastic filaments.
509. Blasia. Male., solitary, imbedded in the frond. Female., Cal.
none. Caps, imbedded in the frond, oblique, 1-celled, with
a tubular mouth. Seeds numerous.
■510. Srii.EROCAHl>us. Cal. ventricose, undivided. Seeds very nmne-
rous, collected into a globe.
511. Targioxia. Cal. of 2 concave valves. Seeds very mimenus,
collected into a globe.
CLASS XXIV. CRVPTOGAMIA. ORDER VII. HEPATICJI.
512.
513.
514.
Marchantia. Mule, Cal. salver-shaped, with numcri)ii.s anth,
inihedded in its disk. Female, Cal. peltate, flowering Ire-
neath. Caps, bursting at their suinniit. Seeds attached to
elastic fibres.
Riccta. Male, scattered warts? Female, Germen globose,
sunk, with the stj'le, in the frond. Caps, exposed, globose,
crowned with the style, 1-celled. Accr/.v numerous, elliptical.
Anthoceuos. Male, sessile warts. Female, Cal. tubular. Caps.
awl-shaped, 2-valvcd. Seals numerous, rough, fixed to
the valves or to the partition.
ORDER VIII. ALGiE.
515.
Herb frondose, aquatic or submersed. Seeds in tuherrles or sieellings, or
dispersed in the substance of the frond.
Fucus. Seeds produced in clustered tubercles, which hurst at
their summits.
Ulva. Frond membranous or gelatinous. .SVet/s solitary, scattered
throughout its substance, under the cuticle.
Riv’ULAuia. Frond gelatinous, tiim, destitute of an external
cuticle. Fnictifications among jointed filaments, lodged in
the substance of the frond.
CoNFERV’A. Seeds produced within the substance of the capillarv
or jointed frond, or inclosed tubercles united with it.
Vaucheria. Anth. awl-shaped, incurved. Caps, adjoining to
the Anth. ovate, single seeded, in pairs or solitary.
510.
517.
518.
5111.
ORDER IX. LICIIEXES.
Frond polpmoiqihous, without root or stem. Frurtifrntion in shit Ids,
tubercles or learts, in whose disk the seeds arc lodged.
A. iDloTtlAl.AJll. liereptaele composed of a substanre different from
the frond, and discoloured.
* lieccptacles without a border, or nucleus.
Srii.o.via. lieccptacles shapeless, tumid, hairy and [lowdery, in
an uninterrupted cnistaceous frond.
Artiiunia. Jlecepl. shapeless, flattish, covered with a black
membrane, in an uninterrupted cnistaceous frond.
Soi.oRiN.v. llecept. roundish, .sessile, covered by a coloured meiii-
hrane, within somewhat gelatinous, cellular. Frond coria-
ceous, leafy, veined heneath.
5-20.
521.
.'>22.
*;i.
a
IR
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER IX. LICHENRS.
■T
** Receptacle bordered, but without a nucleus.
523. Gvalecta. Recept. orbicular, immersed in the frond, elevated at
the edges, urn-shaped, covered by a coloured membrane,
within somewhat gelatinous. Frond crustaceous, uniform.
524. Lecidea. Recept. orbicular, sessile, covered by a coloured mem-
brane, with a flat disk. Frond various, crustaceous, either
uniform and limited, scattered and indeterminate, or leafy
and membranaceous.
525. GyrophORa. Recept. orbicular, sessile, concentricalh' plaited,
covered with a coloured membrane. Frond leafy, mem-
branaceous, peltate.
5211. Caliciu.m. Recept. cup-shaped, stalked, with a powdery disk.
Frond crustaceous, uniform.
527- OpegRapha. Recept. oblong, sessile, covered with a coloured
membrane, with a linear disk. Frond crustaceous, mem-
branaceou-s, or leprous, uniform.
•** Receptacle containing a seed-bearing nucleus.
521k Graphis. Recept. linear, immersed, bordered, with a narrow disk
containing an elongated cellular nucleus. Frond crusta-
ceous, membranaceous or leprous, uniform.
529. V'’EaRUCARlA. Recept. somewhat globular, half immersed, with
a double coat ; the outer cartilaginous, black ; and the
inner thin, inclosing a globular cellular nucleus. Frond
crustaceous, membranaceous, uniform.
530. Endocarpon. Recept. globular, inclosed in the frond, their
edges a little protuberant, black, with a simple diaphanous
coat, and a globular cellular nucleus. Frond crustaceous,
cartilaginous, leafy and lobed.
B. Coevothai.ami. Receptacle in part composed of the substance
of the frond.
• Recept. like warts.
531. PoRiNA. Recept. inclosing several hollows with a thin diaphanous
coat, with impressed orifices, and a globular cellular nucleus.
Frond cartilaginous-membranaceous, unifin m.
532. Thelotrema. Recept. concave, bordered, inclosing a hollow
.surrounded by a membranaceous coat, opening above. Frond
cartilaginous, and somewhat crustaceous, uniform.
533. Pyrenula. Recept. containing a single hollow, with a thick
cartilaginous black covering, and acellular globular nucleus.
Frond crustaceous or oartilaginous, uniform.
534. VaRIOLARIA. Recept. somewhat bordered, inclosing a seed-
bearing compressed cellular plate. Frond cartilaginous or
crustaceous, uniform.
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA.
ORDER IX. LICHKXES.
535.
53(1.
537.
533.
539.
540.
541.
542.
543.
544.
545.
Sagedia. Ilcre/it. coverefi by a coloured membrane, with a disk-
like depression, and concealing tbe inimer.sed seed-bearing
lamina. Frond crustaceous iimibnn.
Jicrcpt. covered by a coloured discoid plate or lamina.
UrcEOLARIA. Reccpt. orbicular, pitclier-.sbaped, immersed in the
frond, and l)ordered. Frond crustaceous, uniform.
Lecanora. liecept. orbicular, thick, sessile, bordered, with a
plano-convex disk. Frond crustaceous, uniform or figured.
RoCCEI.ea. Reccpt. orbicular, entirely sessile, and connected
with the frond, with a plano-convex disk. Frond leathery,
cartilaginous, cylind. or flat, jagged into branches.
EvERNIA. Reccpt. nearly orbicular, fixed by the centre, sessile,
with the edges a little elevated and turned in, and a concave
disk. Froiul somew hat crustaceous, fibrous, angular, com-
pressed, jagged into branches.
Sticta. ifecty^t. orbicular, thickish, closely pressed to the frond,
and fixed to it by tbe centre, w ith an elevated border. Frond
coriaceous-cartilaginous, foliaceous, lobed, downy beneath,
marked with scattered coloured pits.
PaRMELIA. Recept. orbicular, somewhat pitcher-shaped, mem-
branaceous, attached by the centre, indexed at the edge,
and scarcely bordered. Frond membranaceous, or coria-
ceous, leafy, stellated, lobed or jagged.
BorrERA. Reccpt. orbicular, stalked, inflexed at the edge. Frond
cartilaginous, jagged into branches, which are generally
channellocl beneath and fringed.
CetraRIA. Recept. orbicular, plano-concave, oblupiely attached
to the margin of the frond, raised and inflexed at the edge.
Frond caitilaginous-membranaceous. leafy, deeply-lobed.
PELTinEA. Recept. orbicular, flat, closely attached to the upper
margin of the frond, with a border scarcely perce()tible.
Frond leathery-membranaceous, leafy, lobed, with downy
veins beneath.
NErnROXIA. Recept. kidney-shaped, flat, closely attached to the
under margins of lobes of the frond, elevated at the edge.
Frond leathery-meinhranaceous, leafy, naked or somewhat
woolly beneath.
Recept. in little heads or p;lobules, terminating; the frond.
54(1.
Ceno.viyce. Recept. orbicular, convex, immarginate, attached
by the edge on hollow stalks, and covered by a seed-bearing
plate. Frond crustaceous, cartilaginous, leafy, rarely
uniform.
i£,
CLASS XXIV. CUYPTOGAMIA.
OllDKR IX. LICIIKNES.
ri47- Baeojiyces. licrcpt. orbicular, convex, immarpnate, solid,
sessile, covered by a rellexed seed-bearinjj plate. Frond
criistaceous, unit'orm, with short soft solid stalks beaiing
the recept.
54(i. Isiliiiui. Rrrept. orbicular, formed of the seed-bearing plate,
which is at first inclosed in and bordered by the apex of the
short solid stalk, and at length becomes prominent and he-
mispherical. Frond crustaceons, uniform.
549. Steeeocaitlon'. Hecopt. turbinate, solid, sessile, boidered, at
length irlobular, with a seed-bearing plate, which at
length dilates, covering the border, and reflexed. Frond
almost woody, solid, with a crustaceons fibrous-grained
coat, and branched.
550. SPH.;EROPllORO>f. livcept. nearly globular, terminal, formed of the
frond, inclosing a black round seed-bearing hall, bursting by
a torn orifice. Frond branched, shrubby, within fibrous,
solid, w ith a cartilaginous coat.
C. HojiothaLAMI. liepeplarle tnlirdy produced from the outer and
inner suhstatice of the frond.
* Recept. like shields, svbsessile, bordered.
551. Alectoria. Recept. orbicular, thick, at length becoming convex,
with scarcely any border, fibrous within. Frond branched,
branches filiform, within hollow-fibrous ; coat cartilaginous.
552. Rajialixa. Recept. orbicular, thick, stalked, somewhat peltate,
flat, within fibrous. Frond branch-jagged, within rather
solid, fibrous ; coat cartilaginous.
53d. COLEEVtA. Recept. orbicular, rarely somewhat stalked. Frond
polymorphous, entirely subgelatinous, cartilaginous when
dry.
•* Recept. peltate, without a border, fringed.
554. CoRNici'l.ARlA. Recept. orbicular, obliquely peltate, with
scarcely any border, tooth-radiate and reflexed at the edge,
/fibrous williin. Frond branched, shrubby, thin, within
rather s<did, fibrous, with a hard cartilaginous coat.
555. USXEA. /^ccq;f. orbiculae, very broad. Hat, fringed at the edge,
within fibrous. Frond branched, thread-shaped, with a
central elastic pith, and a cartilaginous crustaceons coat.
D. Atiiaeami. Receptacle none.
55li. LepraRIA. Efflorescence naked, loose, collected. Frond crus-
taceoiis, leprous, uniform, often entirely covered by the
efflorescence.
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA.
ORDER X. FUNGI.
Plants destitute of herbage, bearing their fructifiration in a fleshy sub-
stance ; generally of quick grotuth, arut short duration.
A. A^JGIOCARPI. Fungi bearing their seeds internally.
* Sclerocarpi. Fungi somewhat hard, but with a soft internal substance.
557- Spji^RTA. Capsules roundish, immersed, filled with jelly, which
becomes a mass of minute volatile seeds.
HystERIUM. Caps, oblong, bursting by a longitudinal rift.
.558,
559.
Xyloma. Reccpt. various, nard, within somewhat fleshy, remain-
ing closed, or at last variously bursting.
580. NaEMASVORA. llecept. soft, manifest or none. Gelatine soluble,
amorphous, breaking into cirri.
581. Tubercularia. Recent, obsolete. Gelatine roundish compact,
permanent, sohdrfe in wet.
*• Sarcocarpi. Fungi fleshy, firm.
682. SphaeROBOLUS. Recept. nearly globose, at length splitting into
rays, and discharging elastically a round seed-vesicle.
563. PiLOBOLUS. Recept. stalk-like, pellucid, bearing a naked vesicle, *
which flies off elastically.
564. SCLEROTIUJI. Simple, oblong, variously shaped, Internally smootlr
and uniform, externally becoming wrinkled.
565. Tuber. Roundish, fleshy, variegated with seed-bearing veins.
•** Dermatocarpi. Fungi membranaceous, leathery or woolly, stuffed \
with powder.
568. BataRREA. Provided with a volva or wrapper, stalked. Pileius '
deflexed, campanulate, veiled by the volva.
587. Geastrum. Colva thin, evanescent. Outer coat of the recept. is-.
cloven star-wise, at length reflexed ; orifice usually hairy.
588. BovisTA. Recept. smooth, sessile, with a white outer coat, which
at length is evanescent by pieces, bursting irregularly at
the top.
569. Tueostoma. Recept. globular, stalked, with a cylindrical carti-
laginous mouth.
570. Ly’COPERDON. Recept. or case caulesceht, bursting at the top,
covered with scaly or spiny warts. Powder greenish.
571. Scleroderma. TJecc^jf. or case witli a corky, Imrdish, somewhat i
tessellated coat, bursting irregularly. Powder purple or
brown.
572. LycogaLa. Recept. or case roundish, membranaceous, smooth,
containing a mass at first puh)y and deliiiuescent, and after-
wards powdery', with a few fibres.
573. Fuligo. At first pulpy, generally spreading, rather amorphous,
externally fibrous and hardish or woolly, membranous at the
base; internally fibrous, cellular and hairy, at length split-
ting into powder.
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAM I A. ORDER X. FUNGI.
,’>74, Spumaria. Outer coat si'urfy-cellnlar or powdery, deciduous.
lieccpt. peimaueut, branched into lioriis, or simple, round-
ish and oblong.
573. Diderma. lieccpt. m case generally doidile; the outer brittle,
the inner pellucid. Pillar large, roundish.
576. PuvsARtTM. lieccpt. simple, rigid, often wrinkled, somewhat
mealy, bursting unequally. Internal fibres scattered, latent.
577- Trichia. Recept. permanent, luieipially bursting. Internal jibres
compact, fixed to tjie base of the case, expanding elastically.
578. ArcYRIA. Upper half of the lieccpt. evanescent, leaving the
mass of internal fibres naked, placed upon the calyculated
receptacle.
579. SxEMONiTls. Case very thin and evanescent. Alass of internal
fibres reticulated, somewhat compact, surronnding and
affixed to the stylidium.
580. LiCEA. Case naked, roundish, or somewhat indeterminate in
shape, brittle. Internal membrane none. Seminal powder
destitute of fibres.
581. Mucor. Case membranaceous, globose, stalked, at first watery,
pellucid, and afterwai-ds opaque. Seeds naked, rather co-
herent.
582. Onygena. Case stalked, roundish, dry, jicrmanent. Powder
compact, coherent, without any internal fibres.
583. Aecidiuh. Cases stemless, manifest, round, membianaceous,
bursting by a dentated orifice. Poteder farinaceous, naked.
(Parasitical on leaves).
584. Uredo. Case none. Powder naked, deciduous. Seeds nniforra,
generally gloliose.
585. PucciNtA. Case none. .Veeds collected into a little mass, round-
ish, somewhat turbinate, tailed, distinct in rows. (Gene-
rally parasitical on leaves.)
588. Triciioderma. Naked. Powder copious, mealy, encompassed
with a downy coat.
587. Cyathus. Recept. funnel-shaped, coriaceous, at first closed by a
veil, containing many lenticular seed-vesicles.
B. Gymkocaupi. Fungi bearing their seeds in an open receptacle.,
called hymenium.
* Lvtothecii. The seed-bearing membrane, or hymenium, at length
dissolving into jelly.
583. PiiALI.Es. Volva radical. Pileus ovate, stalked, entire, reticu-
lated with cells or tuberculated, covered with a viscid
fluid.
CLASS XXIV. CHVPTOGAMIA.
ORDKIl X. FUNGI.
** Flymenothecii. llymcnium ntcmhranaceoiis, indissoluble, poiedery
icilh seeds.
rilW. A.maxita. Furnished with a volvn. Pilexts flesliy, trenerally
warty. Gdls close together, nearly entire. Stalk generally
elongated, ringed or naked.
d!)0. AgaUICIis. Without a volea. Pileus various. Gills either entire
or inteiTiiixed with shorter, rarely simply branched ; not
veined.
dlil. Meih,’I.ius. Pileus fleshy, or iTie!nbranaceou.s. Ilymenium w ith
superficial tumid veins.
5!)2. Daedalea. Pileus eoriaceous-corky, reticulated beneath with
oblong sinuses, somew hat like jTorf S.
5!)3. Boi.ETUS. Pileus various. Little tubes or pores round, entiie.
594. Sistotrema. Pileus various. Ilj/menium at first with round
pores, and afterwards, especially in the middle, torn into
compressed teeth of various liirins.
.593. FIydnusi. Pi7c«v various, /^incn/uni echinated with aw l-shaped
entire processes.
590. Tuei.EPIIOU.v. Pileus coriaceous, dilated; minutely papillary^
bristly or unifonmly smooth beneath.
5'j7. Meuisjia. Branched, coriaceous, comjjtessed, smooth, generally
hairy at the top.
39o. Clavaria. Club-shaped, simple or branched, uniform, with a
short confluent stalk.
399. Geogeosst^ai. Club-shaped, fleshy, generally compressed, with
a prominent margin near the stalk.
000. Sl'ATiiri.ARlA. Club-shaped. /‘(7ci/s compressed, raerabranaceous,
decurrent on each side.
001. Leotia. Pileus conical or orbicular, reflexed at the margin, and
closely embracing the stalk.
002. 1Iei.vei.la. Pileus membranaceous, inflated, rather shapeless,
deflexed on each side.
003. IMokciiei.i.a. Pileus elongated, ronnd, cellular, having no volva,
nor viscid seminal fluid.
004. Treaiei.l.v.-)- Expanded, gelatinous, undulated or plaited, gene-
rally without a distinct pileus. Uevivescent by means of
moisture.
00,3. Peziza. Jlcrept. hemispherical, concave, slightly tumid, bearing
seed in a smooth disk. Cases inconspicuous to the naked
eye, each containing eight volatile seeds.
(iOO. Ast'OTiOi.ES. Perept. hemispherical, fleshy. ('uses manifest,
jirominent, bursting, filled with a fluid, and generally eight
secils.
007. Ilr.t.O'in'.vi. Stalked. Jhcept. a convex hemispherical head,
smooth on both sides.
1 t 'riic Genus To met la appears to hirni a dislinct Order between I.iclreues and Eungi.
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA.
ORDER. X. FUNGI.
COS.
fiOO.
filo.
on.
»il2.
filS.
t!14.
I) L).
CHI.
Nciiiatotiiecii. Fungi resembling Bi/ssiis.-f-
Pfricoxia. Stalk rigid, simple, with a mealy dry head.
IsAHTA. Soft, simple and hraiiehed, covered with a mealy powsler.
iMoxii.l.y Stalked or dispersed, fibrous. Threads beaded or
jointed.
Dematii-m. Byssus of an indeterminate form, erect or depressed,
tufted or dispersed. Threads smooth, not woven together.
EuiXEt:.vi. Threads rigid, knotty, conglomerated into a little
mass, impressed in leaves.
RACOmuw. Byssiis expanded, soft, with the threads closely in-
terwoven, resendiling cloth.
HiJLVK'Ti.v. Byssus branched, creeping, woolly.
**** Foulitful Fungi^ resembling Lichens.
RinzoMOlirilA- Crcej)ing, ri-rid, smooth, with a villous pith.
Mesenterica. Creejung, gelatinous, veiny, with the ramifica-
tions o( the veins joined by a thin membrane.
Cenera"' Species of the Linnean Genus Byssus are now referable to otlier
I 101 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER I. GOXOPTERIDES.
LINNEAV NAMES.
EQUISETUM.
1 sylvaticum
2 arveiise
3 palustre
4 Huviatile
liinosiim
I! livemale
7 variegatum
ENGLISH NAMES.
HORSE-TAIL.
branched wood ....
com
marsh
great water
smooth naked
rough
vai legated
Soil
or
Siiualion.
Timeol’
Flowering. 1
Duration.
■TMO
" j.®
Moi. sh. pi...
L5
p.
1374.
Moist fields
3,4
p.
2020.
Boggy places
6,7
p.
2021.
Watery pla.
4
p.
2022.
Watery pla.
6,7
p.
029.
Moist Woods
7,6
p.
015.
ScoL shores
7
p.
1987.
ORDER II. STACHYOPTERIDES.
LYCOPODIUM.
CLUB-MOSS.
7,8
P.
224.
8
P.
1148.
Tui'fv botfs...
6,7
P.
239.
4 Selngo
fir
Wet alp. hea.
(i-8
P.
233.
Alp. heatlis
0-8
P.
1727.
(I alpimim
alpine
Alp. hogs ...
8
P.
234.
OPIllOGLOSSDM.
ADDER’S TONG
UE.
Moi. mea. ...
5-10
P.
108.
BOTRYCHIUM.
MOON-WORT.
1 Lunaria
common
Hilly pastures
6
P.
•318.
( 101 )
-•LASS XXIV. CRYPTORAMIA. ORDER I, GONOPTERIDRS. j
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
<157. EQUISETUM.
1 Branches compound, curved downwards, rouffli.
2 Barren steins branched on all sides; branches roughish: flowering
stems unhranched, with distant sheatlis, deeply toothed.
3 Flowering steins angled, blanched ; branches simple, erect, rough-
ish.
4 Barren stems with numerous roughish branches : flowering stems un-
branched ; their sheaths not far distant, with many slender
teeth.
5 Stem partly naked, smooth as well as the branches.
6 Stem naked, very rough, somewhat branched at the base : sheaths
whitish, black at the base and top.
7 Stem naked, very rough, branched at the base : sheaths black, with
white membranaceous teeth.
ORDER II. STACHYOPTERIDES.
458. LYCOPODIUM.
1 L. scattered, thready ; floral ones broader, scaly : flowering branches
erect, with 2 or 3 spikes.
2 L. scattered, fringed, lanceolate; floral ones larger, spreading.
3 L. scattered, entire, linear-lanceolate ; floral ones dilated at the base,
somewhat spreading.
4 L. scattered, entire, lanceolate, in 8 series : stem forked, erect ;
branches equal at the top.
5 L. scattered, slightly serrated, in 5 series ; floral ones dilated, short :
flowering branches annually proliferous.
6 L. imbricated in 4 series, acute, keeled ; floral ones ovate-lanceolate,
flat : shoots erect, equal at the top.
458. OPHIOGLOSSUM.
1 Frond ovate, without veins, bearing the spike.
480. BOTRYCHIUM.
I Frimd pinnated, bearing tlie spike from the base ; leufl. lunulate, cre-
nate. O.imunda. Jing. Bui.
M ID
( 102 )
161
462
463
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORD. III. SCHISMATOPTERIDES,
« ©
- ^
o.E
O
LINNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
(/.of
1 1
c
-rw i
a
OSMUNDA.
OSMUND-ROYAL
1 reg;alis
common
Shady bogs
6,7
P.
209.
ORDER IV. FILICES.
(Ferns.)
POLYPODIUM.
POLYPODY.
1 vulgare
common
Shady ba.&c.
5-10
P.
1149.
2 Phegopteiis
pale-mountain
Mountains...
e,7
P.
2224.
3 Dryopteris
three-branched
Moist places
7
P.
616.
4 calcareura
P.
ASPIDIUM.
SHIELD-FERN.
1 Loncliitis
rough alpine
Alp. rock-s ...
5,6
P.
•797.
P.
•1019.
7
P.
•1018.
t),7
P.
2125.
5 aculeatum
common pricklj-
Shady places
6
P.
1562.
6,7
P.
1458.
6
P.
1563.
8 spinulosum
crested
Maishes ! ...
P.
1460.
6,7
P.
1461.
6,7
P.
1459.
6
P.
2024.
12 iriiguura
brook
Wet sha. pi.
6
P.
2199.
i5
1 F
1 F
! F
) i
t ■
( 102 )
:l. XXIV. cryptogamia. ord. hi. schismatopteridks.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
461. OSMUNDA.
1 Frond bipinnate terminating in clustered spikes; leafl. cordate-lanceo-
late, smooth.
ORDER IV. FILICES.
462. POLYPODIUM.
1 F'rond pinnatifid ; lobes linear-lanceolate, somewhat serrated, obtuse:
root scaly.
2 Frond pinnate; leafl. lanceolate, pointed, pinnatifid, united at their
base ; the lower pair reflexed.
3 Frond 3-branched, bipinnate, spreading-reflexed ; lobes obtuse, some-
what crenate : root filiform.
4 Frond 3-branched, bipinnate, erect, somewhat rigid; lobes obtuse,
slightly notched : seed-dots confluent.
463. ASPIDIUM.
1 Frond pinnate; leafl. somewhat crescent-shaped, bristly serrated,
bent downwards ; stalks scaly. Pult/podtum. Eng. Bot.
1 2 Frond pinnate; leafl. pinnatifid, entire, with resinous glands beneath:
seed-dots-marginal, confluent. Polypodium. Eng. Bot.
; 3 Frond pinnate ; lean, pinnatifid, somewhat crenate, smooth, with blunt
ovate lobes : seed-dots confluent. Polypodium. Eng. Bot.
: 4 Frond pinnate; leafl. pinnatifid, acute; lobes ovate, blunt, crenate,
sharply toothed : stalk scaly at the base.
5 Frond bipinnate ; leafl. ovate, somewhat crescent-shaped, fringed with
spines, hairy beneath : common stalk scaly.
I 6 Frond bipinnate ; leafl. obtuse serrated : stalk scaly.
[ 7 Frond bipinnate ; leafl. ovate, obtuse, fringed with spines, hairy be-
neath ; lowest pail very large : stalk scaly.
I 8 Frond bipinnate; leafl. elliptical, decurrent, serrated or pinnatifid,
tipped with small spines: stalks smooth: ribs zigzag.
9 Frond bipinnate; leafl. pinnatifid, deeply serrated, tipped with small
spines ; stalk scaly : invol. circular.
I, 10 Frond bipinnate; leafl. pinnatifid, serrated, pointless: stalk smooth:
invol. kidney-shaped.
^ 11 Frond linear-lanceolate, smooth, mostly bipinnate; leafl. alternately
rounded, sharply toothed : stalk winged.
< 12 Frond lanceolate pinnate; leafl. deeply pinnatifid, cut, toothed : stalk
4-angular : invol. lateral.
( ;
•1(54
4(55
4(56
4(57
4(5(5
4(5!(
CLASS XXIV. CUYPTOGAMIA.
ORDER
IV. KILICES.
— o
1
LINNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISU NAMES.
Bt
0
c/3
3
ASPLENIUM.
fiP I . K P. N. VVn K T
1 Trichonmnes
coni, maideu hair ...
Shady rocks
P.
.576.
2 viride
green maiden hair...
Alp. rocks ...
6,7
P.
2257.
3 niarinuni
7,10
p.
392.
4 septentrionale ...
(5,10
P.
1017.
5 alteniiColiuni
alternate-leaved ...
Scotcli rocks
(5,10
P.
2258.
(J Ruta-niuraria ...
vtall-rue
Shady rocks
(5,10
P.
150.
7 Adiantnui nigrum
black maiden hair...
Shady places
6,10
P.
1950.
8 lanceolatum
6,10
P.
240.
SCOLOPRNDRIUM.
HART’S-TONGUE
7
P.
11.50.
2 Ceteracli
4,10
P.
1244.
PTERIS.
BRAKE.
7
P.
1679.
2 cri^pa
rock
Stony hills...
7
P.
1160.
BLECHNUM.
BLECHNUM.
7
p.
1159.
ADIAXTUM.
MAIDEN-HAIR.
5,9
p.
1564.
CYATHE.V
CUP.FERN.
U,.7
1 (ragilis
brittle
Shady rocks
6,7
P.
1587.
Alp. rocks...
u
P.
•1(53.
H dcidata
toothed
Alp. rocks ...
.
7
P.
1588.
-
( 103 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYrTOC^AMlA. ORnKII IV. I’lI.ICES-
SPECIFIC CUARACTER.
4(14. ASPLENIUM.
1 Frond piiiiuite; leafl. roundish, cronato ; stalk polished, keeled.
2 Frond pinnate ; leaH. alternate, roundish elliptic, crenate : stalk Hat-
tened beneath.
3 Frond pinnate; leafl. ovate, ohlirpie, serrated, blunt, nnecpial and
wedfje-shaped at the base.
4 Frond n ing-3-clet'f ; seg-men s alternate, linear, jag-j^ed at the tops.
0 Frond pinnate; leafl. alternate, wedge-shaped, erect, jagged at the
tops.
fi Frond alternately twice compound ; leafl. rhoinboid-wedge-shaped,
spreading, jagged at the tops, o
7 Frond somewhat deltoid, alternately thrice pinnate; leafl. lanceolate,
sharpish, deeply serrated.
8 Frond lanceolate, alternately twice pinnate ; leafl. obovate, deeply and
sharply crenate.
485. SCOLOPFNDRIUM.
1 Frond simple* tongue-shaped, cordate at the base, smooth beneath.
2 Frond pinnatifid, lanceolate, scaly beneath.
4W;. PTERIS.
1 Frond thrice pinnate ; leafl. lanceolate, bluntish ; the lowermost pin-
natitid ; the uppermost smaller.
2 Frond thrice pinnate; barren leafl. wedge-shaped, cut; fertile ones
elliptical, blunt, convex.
4(17- BLECIIXUM.
1 Frond pinnate, smooth; leafl. linear, bluntish, entire, nearly equal
at the base.
468. ADIANTUM.
1 Frond alternately twice-compound ; leafl. stalked, wedge-shaped,
lobed.
46!l. CYATHRA.
1 Frond bipinnate; leafl. pinnatifid, deeply serrated : invol. torn : com-
mon stalks winged.
2 Frond bipinnate ; leafl. lobed, blunt, beardless, entire : invol. torn :
stalks winged. C. iitcisa, A'ng. Hot.
.3 Frond bipinnate ; leafl. ovate, blunt, dee|)ly toothed, pointless.
( 104 )
4/0
471
47-2
473
474
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA.
ORDER IV. FILICES.
[Vi-
LINNEAV NAMES.
WOODSIA.
1 liyperborea
TRICHO.MANES.
1 brevisetum
ENGLISH NAMES.
BRISTLE-FERN.
alpine
IIAIR-FERN.
short styled ....
Alpine rocks !
t. .2 >-,
-■Sb"
; s ^ a*
§ eW O
P. •2023.
HYMENOPHYLLUM FILMY-FERN.
1 Tunbridgense
Tunbridge .
Moist rocks ! 5,6 P. *1417.
Moist rocks 5,6 P.
162.
ORDER V HYDROPTERIDES.
ISOETES.
I lacustris
PILULARIA.
1 globulifcra....
QUILL-WORT. I
mountain Alpine lakes
PILL-WORT.
pepper grass ....
5,6
Moist heaths 6,7
ORDER VI. MUSCl. (Mosses.)
P.
P.
1084.
521.
475
ANDRiEA.
ANDR/EA.
1 rupestris
dusky rock
Alpine rocks
6
P.
1277.
476
SPHAGNUM.
BOG-MOSS.
6
P.
•1405.
477
PHASCUM.
EARTII-MOSS. •
1 siibulatum
aivl-leaved
Dry banks...
:4-5
A.
2177.
1 1
r 104 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER IV. FILICES.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
470. WOODSIA.
Brown, Trans. Linn. Soc. iwl. xi.
I Frond lanceolate, pinnate ; leatl. heart-shaped, pinnatifid, hairy. Po-
l^podium, Eng. But.
471. TRICHOMANES.
I Frond thrice pinnatifid, lobed, smooth ; segments linear, entire : stalk
winged. Ilj/menophj/llum alatum, Eng. Bot.
472. HYMENOPHYLLUM.
I Frond alternately bipinnatifid; segments serrated as well as the invol :
fruct. solitary at the upper edge of the base of each general di-
vision of the frond.
ORDER V. HYDROPTERIDES.
473. ISOETES.
I Fronds awl-shaped, semicylindrical : caps, roundish, 2-celled : seeds
granulated.
474. PILULARIA.
I Stem creeping : L. filiform.
ORDER VI. MUSCI.
475. ANDRiEA.
1 Stems branched: L. lanceolate, keeled; upper ones sickle-shaped.
For 3 other species, see Eng. Bot. 1278, 21G2, 2507-
476. SPHAGNUM.
1 Branches tumid : L. ovate, obtuse. Sph. latifnlium. En^. Bot.
For 3 other species, see JSng. Bot. 1406. 1 408. 2302.
477. PHASCUM.
1 L. awl-shaped, straight; their nerve disappearing below the point.
For 10 other species, see Hooker's Muse. Brit, and Eng. Bot.
( 105 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA.
ORDER VI.
MUSCL
5
c s
=
* *
LINNEAN NAMES.
EXGLISH NAMES.
K = 1
-
0
•
CA
_c'~
4711
SCHISTOSTF.GA.
SCHISTOSTF.GA.
1 pennata
fern-leaved
Banks !
5
A.
*■2-313.
47‘j
ANICTANGIUM.
ANICTANGIUM.
J-12
P.
•1179.
480
GYMNOSTOMUM.
BEARDLESS-MOS
S.
3
A.
1975.
481
DIPHYSCIUM.
DIPHYSCIUM.
A.
*329.
483
TETRAPHIS.
FOUR-TOOTHED-
MOSS.
1 i)ellucitla
transparent
Wet sha. pi.
3,4
A.
10-20.
483
SPLACHNUM.
GLAND-MOSS.
1 ampullaceuui
purple
Bou;s, &c.
■1,5
A.
144.
484
CONOSTOMUM.
CONE-MOUTHED
-MOSS.
1 l)oieale
alpine
Scotch alps
7,8
P.
•1135.
485
POLYTRICHUM.
HAIR-MOSS.
Shady lianks
2,3
P.
1220.
480
CINCLIDOTUS.
CINCLIDOTU.S.
1 lontiaaloides
water-moss
Stones in wat.
5-8
P.
•557.
487
TORTULA.
SCREW- MOSS.
1 niiiralis
wall
Walls, &C.
10-0
P.
2033.
( 105 )
C1,ASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA.
ORDER VI. MUSCI.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
•17!!. SCIIISTOSTEGA.
1 Gj/mnostomitm osmiindaceiim, Eng. Bot.
47!». AXICTAXGIU.M.
1 L. ovate, diqilianous at the points. Gi/mnostomum, Eng. Bot.
ror anotlier species, see Eng. Bot. 2237.
4!!0. GYMNOSTOAIU.AI.
1 I- ovate pointed, Hat, entire : lid obliquely rostrate.
l-or 13 other species, see Hooker's Muse. Brit, and Eng. Bot.
■131. DIPHYSCItriM.
1 Buxbattinia foliosa, Eng. Bot.
482. TETRAPHIS.
I Caps, cylind : L. ovate-acuminate.
For another species, see Eng. Bot. 1422.
483. SPl.ACHNUM.
fore other species, see Hooker's Muse. Bril, and Eng. Bot.
484. COXOSTOMUiM.
' keeled, slightly toothed. Grunmia conostonia,
485. POLYTRICHUM.
' ''Z'Jet’ -1- -ved: lid avvl-
For 9 other species, see Muse. Brit, and Eng. Bot.
480. CIXCLIDOTUS.
1 Fontinalis minor. Eng. Bot.
487. TORTULA.
l-or 10 other species, see Muse. Brit, and Eng. Bot.
X 11
( lOf) )
CLASS XXIV. CHYPTfKiAMIA.
ORDER VI. MUSCI.
4!m
I.INNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
4!!!»
4!I0
4!tl
1112
EXCALYPTA.
1 viil^raris
GRIMMIA.
I pulvinata
PTEROGOXICM.
I Smitliii
WEISSIA.
I controversa
DICRANUM.
I lieteroiiiallum
m TRICIIOSTOMUM.
I I tanesteiis
494 I LEUCODON.
I I sciui'oide.s
495 ! niDYMODON.
I purpureum
C o rt
03 3
EXTINGUISHER-MOSS,
common Banks, &c...
GRIMMIA.
grey-cushion.
WING-:\IOSS.
curling
WEISSIA.
little green..
FORK-MOSS,
silky heath ....
FRINGE-MOSS,
common hoary
Walls, &c...
Trees !
Banks.
4,5
4,5
Gravel, hanks
Sandy heaths
WIIITE-TOOTHED-MOSS.
s(juirrel-tail Trees
DIDYMODON.
purple-sUdked ....
Moist banks
5,1)
2,3
P.
P.
0 3- >
3 S03
QO “ —
'558,
17-28.
1328,
•1387.
1272,
2534
P.
1903
■2282
1 !
1 I
( 106 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER VI. MUSCI.
SPECIl^IC CHARACTER.
488. ENCALYPTA.
1 Stem short : L. lanceolate : caps, cylind : calypt entire at tlie base.
Bn/um extinctorium, Eng. Bat.
For 2 other species, see Eng. Bot. 1418, 2188.
48'*. GRIMiMIA.
1 L. lanceolate, hair-pointed : caps, ovate, striated, drooping: lid coni-
cal, acuminate.
F’or 8 other species, see Muse. Brit, and Eng. Bot.
490. PTEROGOXIUM.
1 Stems much branched ; branches pinnate, incurved by drying : L.
entire: fruitstalks short : lid rostrate.
For 2 other species, see Eng. Bot. 1085, 2297.
491. WEISSIA.
1 Stems nearly simple: L. linear, awl-shaped: caps, ovate-elliptical:
lid rostrate. Grimmia., Eng. Bot.
For 17 other species, see Muse. Brit.
492. DICRANUM.
1 Stems branched : I, . capillary, leaning one way, I -nerved, dilated at
the base: caps, obovate, gibbous.
For 23 other species, see Muse. Brit, and Eng. Bot.
493. TRICHOSTOMUM.
1 L. ovate-lanceolate, nerveless, channelled, with a pellucid rough point:
caj)S. ovate : stem erect.
r or 8 other species, see Muse. Brit, and Eng. Bot.
494. LEUCODON.
1 L. closely imbricated, ovate-cordate, acuminate, striated: caps. oblong.
Pterogonium., Eng. Bot.
495. DIDYMODON.
1 Stem forked: L. lanceolate, carinate; their margins recurved, entire:
caps, elliptical, oblirpie, furrowed when dry. Dieranum, En'^.
Bot.
F’or 7 other species, see Muse. Brit.
( 107 )
CLASS XXIV. CIIYrTOGAMIA. ORDER VI. MUSCI.
' ' f
jz.
LINNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
— s
'5 0 15
(/i 3
Time oj
^loweriii
Duraiior
= o-tC
49B
FUNARIA.
1 hyf^rometrica
CORD-MOSS,
yellow twisting
Walls, &r...
4,5
A.
•342.
497
ZYGODON.
ZYGODOX.
•1239.
498
ORTHOTRICHUM.
BRISTLE-MOSS.
3,4
P.
990.
499
NKCKKRA.
NECK ERA.
1443.
500
AXOMODOX.
1 cuitipeiululum ...
ANOMOnON.
4
P.
•1444.
501
DALTOXIA.
DALTOXIA.
2,3
P.
•1180.
502
I'OXTIXALIS.
4YATER-MOSS.
Rivers
7,8
P.
359.
50:{
RUXBAUMIA.
BUXBAU.MIA.
Barren liea. !
12
A.
1590.
504
BARTRAMIA.
BARTRAMIA.
1 pomilorniis
4,5
P.
1198.
ajijui
( 107 1
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER VI. .AIUSCI.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
4!ir.. FUNARIA.
I L. concave, entire, ovate: nerve excurrent: f'ruitstalk curved, flexuosc.
Bri/um, En". But.
For 2 otlier species, see Ulusc. Brit.
4!)7. ZYGODOX.
I I\[niuvi conoidciim, Eng. Bot.
4!I8. ORTHOTRICHUM.
1 Stem branched : L. linear, much curled when dry : frnitstalks elon-
gated : caps, striated.
For 9 other species, see A/usc. Brit. an<i Eng. Bot.
499. NECKERA.
1 Branches pinnate: L. in 2 rows, ovate, slightly nndnlated: frnitstalks
scarcely longer than the pericha-tial leaves.
For another species, see Eng. Bot. (il 7.
.500. ANOMODON.
1 L. ovate, pointed, serrulated, even, spreading : frnitstalks as long as
the pericliEEtinni : raps, ovate. K\ clcera, Eng. Bot.
For another species, see Eng. Bot. 2tio.
501. DALTOXIA.
1 I., ovate, acute : caps, sessile, immersed : calypt. nearly entire.
IVeckera, Eng. Bot.
For another species, see Eng. Bot. 2504.
502. FOXTIXALIS.
1 L. nerveless, for the most part complicate-carinate.
For 2 other species, see Eng. Bot. 1861, 2432.
503. BUXBAU.MIA.
1 Caps, on a granulated stalk, rising from a hairy bulb.
504. BARTRAMIA.
1 L. awl-shaped, serrated, with the nerve reaching to the tip, twisted
when dry.
For 5 other species, see A/i/.sc. Bril, and Eng. Bot.
irJ
( K)8 )
CLASS XXIV. CUYPTOGAMIA. ORDER VI. MUSCI.
505
tlXNEAN KAMES.
HOOKI^:^IA.
ENGMSII NAMES.
HOOKERIA.
Soil
or
Siiuatior
1
Time of
Flowering
1 Duration.
Figure
in EnglisI
Botany.
Wet sh. pla.
2-6
P
1902.
50fi
HYPNUM.
EEATHER-MOSS.
3,4
p.
1492.
.507
BRYUM.
THREAD-MOSS.
1 androgynum
narrow-Ieaved
Moist sli. pi.
4,5
p.
•1238.
ORDER VII. HEPATIC.E.
508
.rUNGERMANNIA.
.JUXGERMANXIA.
1 asplenioides
spleen-wort
Moist sh. pi.
3,4
P.
1788.
509
BLASIA.
BLASIA.
1 pii^iilln
10. II A.
1328.
510
SPH7EROCARPUS.
BLADDER-Gdil
N.
11
A.
299.
511
TARGIONIA.
TARGIONIA.
1 hypophylla
dotted
Shady banks !
3,4
P.
CO
01
512
MARCIIANTIA.
MARCIIANTIA.
1 pol3morpha
star-headed
Moist sh. ])1.
0
P.
210.
513
RICCIA.
RICCIA.
12-3
A.
2548.
514
AXTIIOCEROS.
IlOHN-LIVER-W
ORT.
1 punctatiis
jagged-leaved
Shady places
3-10
A.
1537-!
1
( 108 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOCIAMIA. OKDF.R VI. MUSCl.
SPECIFIC CllABACTER.
605. HOOKKRIA.
I L. ovate, entire, obtuse, nerveless.-For anotlier species, see Muse. Brit.
500. IIYPNUiM.
I L. oblong, apiculate, entire, nerveless: caps, ovate, erect : Ikl rostrate.
For 50 other species, sec Muse. Brit, and Eiig. But.
507. BRYUM.
I Stems nearly simple : L. lanceolate, serrated, with the margins re-
curved : caps, nearly erect, sulcated : lid conical. Miiiiim.
Eng. But. — For 24 other species, see Muse. Brit, and Eng. But.
ORDER VII. HEPATICsE.
500. .lUNGERMANNIA.
I Shoots somewhat branched: L. crowded, 2-rowed, obovate, oblique,
finely toothed : fruit stalks terminal.
F’or 80 other species, see Eng. But. and Hooker's Brit. Jung.
509. BLASIA.
1 Fronds spreading, lobed, crenate.
510. SPHAiROCARPUS.
1 Fronds in clusters, nearly horizontal, oblong, waved.
511. TARGIONIA.
1 Fronds obcordate, imbricated in thick round tufts.
512. MARCHANTIA.
1 Cal. of the fem. FI. cloven into about 10 segments.
F'or 3 other species, see Eng. But. 503, 504, 2545.
613. RICCIA.
1 L. smooth, channelled, 2.1obed, bluntish : caps, towards the base :
seeds pointed at each end. — F'or 2 otlier species, see E. i?. 251, 252.
514. ANTHOCEROS.
1 F'rond lobed, sinuated, witli blunt segments.
F'or another species, see Eng. Bot. 1538.
( 109 )
olo
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER VIII. ALG
*•
LINNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
— .2
c.E
- ^
c if
turation
Figure
1 Knglis
Hotany.
FUCUS.
FUCUS.
77
—
A.
m
1 siliquosus
podded
Sea coast ...
474.
mm
2 dyitatus
fingered
Sea eoast ...
2274.
«««
3 ligulatus
strap-leaved
Sea coast ..
It!36.
mmmm
Sea coast ...
824.
mmmmm
CO
B.
«
(j palmalus
dulse
1808.
• «
7 Norvegicus
red Norway
East coast...
1080.
( 109 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER VIII. ALICE.
SPECIFIC CIIABACTER.
513. FUCUS.
A. Organization woody.
• Tubercles collected into a ci/lind. fiat and often branched conceptacle :
root an expanded tubercle, entire. Gen. FuCUS, of Laniou-
roux.
1 Frond compressed, alternately branched : air-bladders raany-celled,
beaked.
** Roots fibrous and branched. Gen. Laminaria, Lam.
2 Frond leathery, palmate, with sword-shaped ribless segments : stalk
round.
••• Branches and leaves fiat, stalked, with marginal spines. Gen.
Desmahestia, Lam.
3 Frond veinless, somewhat cartilaginous, doubly pinnate ; segments
linear, acute, opposite.
*••• Pruct. like a pod, awl-shaped, simple or branched: stem and
branches cylind. leafless. Gen. FuRCELLARIA, Lam.
4 Frond thread-shaped, forked ; terminal branches pointed, equal and
level.
Stem simple, cylind. with partitions within. Gen. Chorda,
Lam.
5 Frond cartilaginous, slimy, thread-shaped, tapering at both ends,
spirally twisted when old.
B. Organization corolloid: colour purple or reddish.
* Tubercles round, generaUy compressed, innate, sessile or stalked,
placed on the nerves, branches, l^c. Gen. Delesseria,
Lam.
6 Frond membranous, palmate, smooth on both sides ; segments ohloni'-
and nearly simple.
•• Tubercles hemispherical or ovate, scattered over the disk of the
leaves, which are fiat and branched. Gen. CuONDRus,
Lam.
7 Frond cartilaginous, forked ; branches linear, entire, rounded at the
top.
o o
( 110 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER VIII. ALG.E.
-
LINNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
.2 o
^ p
c 5
2 "
c g
O
rt
s
U.*" O
oTj Cl. fco
Hr-
FlirTTS.
FUCUS.
«*«
8 rorneus
liorny pinnate
So. coa.st ...
1070.
««• m
!( jiinnatifidus
pinnatilid
Sea coast ...
A.
1202.
10 Wigglii
Wigghian
East coast...
A.
1105.
1 1 Hagelliformis
whip-cord
Sea coast ...
A.?
l*2'22.
1 2 pliiraosus
featherj'
Sea coast ...
A.
1308.
ULVA.
LAVER.
?
A.
1551.
mm
2 diapliana
pellucid
Sea coast ..
A.
263.
RIVULARIA.
RIV’ULARIA.
1 vermiciilatu
worni-slia|)ed
So. coast ..
1818.
517
( 110 )
CLASS XXIV. CUYPTOGAMIA. ORDER VIII. ALG/E.
SPECIFIC CHARACTEIl.
FUCUS.
Tubercles nearly oj)o/iv, fibloiig, on brancJtes. Gen. Gelidium,
Lam.
8 Frond horny, much hrahehed, compressed ; branches lanceolate, pin-
natiiid ; sejfinents opposite, spreading, hluntish.
•••• Tubercles globular., sunu whar diaphanous at the extremities of the
branches. Gen. LauRENCJA, Lam.
9 Frond branched ; branches mostly alternate, hipinnatifid, cut into sliort,
blBnt, callous teeth.
Tubercles au! -shaped., nearly opahe. Gen. HypnEA, Lam.
10 Frond thread-shaped, tender, much branched ; ultimate branches
bristle-shaped.
•••**■ Tubercles spherical, sessile, somewhat pellucid: stem cylind.
Gen. Gigautixa, Lam.
11 Frond thread-shaped, branched, slippery; branches in two rows,
mostly alternate, elongated, naked, obtuse.
*••••*• Tubercles globular, somewhat pellucid: stem and branches com-
pressed, paititioned or articulated at the extemities. Gen.
Plocamiu.m, Lam.
12 Frond repeatedly branched; branches hipinnate, with the last seg-
ments opposite, awl-shaped, tipped with fruit.
For 78 other species of Fucus, see Eng. Lot.
510. ULVA.
• Herbaceous and uniform : seeds solitary, innate, scattered, never
eminent. Gen. Ulva, Lam.
1 Alerahranous, pellucid, yialmate, proliferous ; segments dilated.
** Gelatinous or fleshy: capsules in the substance. Gen. Alcyoni-
DlUM, Lam.
2 Gelatinous, pale yellow, pellucid, somewhat cylind. w ith many branches.
For 20 other species, see Eng. Hot.
517. RIVL'LARIA.
1 Cylind. brown, much branched ; branches .%uh-divided, crooked : inter-
nal lilani. comiionnd, divaricated ; alternate branches clustered,
bended: fruit obovate, sessile at the base of the bended branches.
For 10 other species, see Eng. Hot.
( 111 )
1 CLASS XXIV. CUVTTOGAMIA. ORDKR VIII. ALG^.
C t-
LINNEAN JfAJIES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
I'll
•jgiiro
Kiigh
ioiaiij
1 518
rONFRU VA.
CONFERVA
If
2576.
««
1055.
519
^VAUCHERIA.
VAUCHERIA.
1765.
ORDKR IX. LICHEXES
520
SPILOMA.
SPILOMA.
2151.
521
ARTHONIA.
ARTHONIA.
2079.
522
SO LOR IN A.
SOLORINA.
Alp. bea. !...
•480.
523
GYALECTA.
GYALECTA.
On Stones ...
521
LECIDEA.
LECIDEA.
1 immersa
sunk
Calc, rocks
•193.
( HI )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER VIII. ALGiE.
srEClFIC CHARACTEK.
5ia CONFERVA.
• Simple.
1 Glaiirous green : iilam. unliranelied, shortish, clustered, acute : joints
four times as broad as long.
•• Compound.
2 .loiiited, branched, rough; brandies alternate, doubi}’ pinnate; the
uhimate ones tufted, scarlet : caps, solitary, ovate, red.
For 131 other species, see Eng. Dot. and for more, see Dillwpn Conf.
.51!). VAUCHERIA.
1 Caps, in pairs and solitary, sessile on each side of the anther.
For another species, see Eng. Bot. l/bd.
ORDER IX. LICHENES.
520. SPILOMA.
I Crust thin, continued, wliitish, smooth, rather polished; recept. mi-
nute, convex, red.
For 12 other species, see Eng. Bot.
521. ARTIIONIA.
I Crust thin, membranous, scaly, cracked, cream-coloured: recept. black,
depressed, roundish, wavy, rather uneven.
For other species, see Eng. Bot. 081, 1752, ^c.
522. SOLORINA.
1 Frond lobed, greenish, beneath saffron-coloured, veiny: recept. rather
tumid. Lichen, Eng. Bot.
For another species, see Eng. Bot. 288.
523. GYALECTA.
I Crust pale-testaceous : recept. roundish confluent, shapeless, reddish :
border entire. Achar. Lichenog. univ. I5I. t. \.f. 7-
524. LECIDEA.
* Frond crustaceous, uniform.
I Recept. thickish, plano-concave, black, sunk in the hard w'hitish smooth
ciTist. Lichen, Eng. Bot.
( U2 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. OUDEK IX. LICHENES.
(
- 1
i..l£ >»
LINNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
'Sis 1
Sbs 2
T RriDK A.
LECIDEA-
mm
2 lurida
liii'id
Flocky sha. pi.
•1329
526
GYROPHORA.
GYROPHORA.
1 cvtindrica
cylindrical
Alpine rocks
•522.
52(i
CALICIUM.
CALICIUM.
2503.
527
OPEGRAPHA.
OPEGRAPHA.
2345.
628
GRAPHIS.
GRAPHIS.
*2281.
529
VERRUCARIA.
VERRUCARIA.
1 punctil'ormis
dot-shaped
Ash trees ...
•2412.
630
EXDOCARPON.
EXnOCARPON.
•1612.
.531
PORINA.
PORINA.
1 pcrlusa
pierced
Trunks of tr.
•877.
( 112 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER IX. LICHE^NES.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
LECIDEA.
•* Fraud crustaceous^ figured or leafy.
2 Crust imbricatpil, groenish brown, with roundish crenate lobes, pale
beneath : receiit, Hat, at length becoming convex, black. Lichen.,
Eng. Hot.
For several other species, see Achar. Lichcnog. and Eng. Bat.
525. GYROPIIORA.
1 Frond greenish gray, lobed, fringed with black hairs : recept. flattish.
Lichen proboscidevs, Eng. Bat.
For ti other species, see Achar. Lichcnog. and Eng. Bot.
520. CALICIUM.
1 Crust filmy, very thin, whitish : recept. black, with black, prominent,
loose powder.
For 15 other species, see Achar. and Eng. Bot.
527. OPEGRAPHA.
1 Crust leprous, indeterminate, whitish : recept. contorted, rugged.
F'or 14 other species, see Achar. and Eng. Bot.
528. GRAPHIS.
1 Crust thin, white, with a black border : recept. prominent. Opcgra-
pha, Eng. Bot.
For 7 other species, see Achar. and Eng. Bot.
529. VERRUCARIA.
1 Crust very thin, determined, smooth, rusty brown : recept. minute,
hemisphericial. Lichen., Eng. Bot.
For other species, see Achar. and Eng. Bdt.
530. ENDOCARPON.
1 Frond simple, depressed, peltate, rcftmdish, smooth, greenish yellow.
Lichen., Eng. Bot.
For other species, see Achar. and Eng. Bot.
531. PORINA.
1 Crust smooth, grayish white: recept. waxy, flesh-coloured, with black
orifices. Lichen, Eng. Bot.
( 113 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER IX. I.ICHENES.
LINVEAN NAMES.
THELOTREMA.
ENGLISH NAMES.
THELOTREMA.
Situation
or place
of growth.
1
Figure
in English
Botany,
•fJJR
.'iiw
PVRENULA.
1 umbonala
PYRENULA.
ft:}i
VARIOLARIA.
1 conuuunis
VARIOLARIA.
Tmks. of trees
Sandstone ...
•1713. i
.Vir)
SAGEDIA.
SAGEDIA.
531)
URCEOLARIA.
URCEOLARIA.
1087.
•158.
537
LECANORA.
LECANORA.
ScottLsli rocks
538
ROCCELLA.
ORCHALL.
'
•211.
539
EVERNIA.
EVERNIA.
1 1
•859.
! 1
•572. !
540
STICTA.
1 piilrauiiacca
STICTA.
'1
( 113 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER IX. LICHENKS.
SPECIFIC CIIAHACTER.
532. THELOTREMA.
1 Crust cream-roloured, polished : warts somewliat conical, wdthin flesh-
coloured, with a thin inflected eiDc. Lichen inclunut, Lng. Bui.
h'or another species, see Eng. But. 1184.
633. PYRENULA.
1 Crust thin, determinate : warts reddish. Achar.
534. VARIOLARIA.
1 Crust rug-ged, bordered, greyish : warts spherical unequal, scaly, very
white. Lichen, J'ugineus. Eng. But.
For 9 other species, see Eng. But.
535. SAGEDIA.
1 Crust reddish : recept. depressed, with a prominent blackish border.
Achar.
536. URCEOLARIA.
1 Crust smooth, a little cracked, pale brick-coloured : shields reddish.
Lichen Eng. But.
For other species, see Eng. 5of. 266, 820, 1732, 1954.
637. LECANORA.
1 Crust granulated, whitish : recept. flattish, yellow with an elevated
white border which becomes zigzag. Lichen. Eng. But.
For other species, see Achar. and Eng. But.
538. ROCCELLA.
1 Shrubby, solid, cylind. glaucous, somewhat branched, rather erect:
recept. scattered. Lichen Ruccella. Eng. But.
For another species, see Eng. But. 728.
539. EVERNIA.
1 F'rond greenish white, leafy, much branched, pitted and rugged,
very white beneath : recept. with a bright brown disk. Lichen.
Eng. But.
540. STICTA.
1 Frond olive-green, cellular, reticulated ; lobes laciniated, abi upt: recept.
mostly marginal, bright chesnut. Lichen. Eng. But.
For otlier species, see Eng. But. 497, ! 103, 1104, 2110.
P p
( 114
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. OltDCR IX. LICHENES.
LINNEAV NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
■1
i o ^ §
- "«5 . •
to c
(TW o
Wl
PARMELIA.
PARMELIA.
I gloraiilifera
ball-bearing
T ru. of T reee
•293.
«K
2 omphalodes
purple rock
Alpine rocks.
•004.
3 diatiypa
perforated
Alp. roc. & tr.
•1248.
542
BORRERA.
BORRERA.
Tr. & sto....
•1352.
543
CETRARIA.
CETRARIA.
•1330.
544
PELTIDEA.
PELTIDEA.
•1834.
545
NEPHROMA.
NEPHROMA.
Stones
•2360.
546
CENOMYCE.
CENOMYCE.
I endivifolia
endive-leaved
Bar. heaths
•2361.
( 114 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER IX. LICHENES.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
541. PARMELIA.
* Frond orbicular, with broad and Jlat lobes.
1 Frond leafy, >^laucous tureen, bearing dark green tufted excrescences:
rerept. taw ny. Lichen. Eng. Hot.
•• Frond stellated, leith segments narrow flat or convex.
2 I'rond imbricated ; seg. many lobed, sliining, purplish brown, black
and shaggy beneath : recept. dark chesnut. Lichen. Eng. But.
• •• Prond somewhat stellated, with linear segments, inflated at the points.
3 Frond imbricated, depressed, greenish grey, black beneath: recept.
reddisli. Lichen. Eng. But.
For other species see Achar. and Eng. Bot.
542. BORRERA.
1 Frond leafy, ascending, greenish glaucous grey ; seg. linear, jagged,
fringed: recept. elevated, brownish black. Lichen. Eng. But.
For 5 other species, see Eng. Bot. 934, 1083, 1351, 1715, 2548.
543. CETRARI.A.
1 Frond ascending, channelled and fringed, greenish chesnut coloured:
recept. dark chesnut. Lichen. Eng. Bot.
For 4 other species, see Eng. Bot. 1000, 1994, 2111, 2386.
544. PELTIDEA.
1 Frond spreading, brownish grey, beneath pale, veiny: lobes oblong,
with crisped & jjowdery edges : recept. daik brown. Lichen. E.B.
For 5 other species, see Eng. But. 888, 1119, 1542, 2299, 2300.
545. NEPHROiMA.
1 Frond creeping, lobed, wavy, greenish or purplish brown, beneath
blackish: recept. brown. Lichen. Eng. Bot.
For another species, see Eng. Bot. 305.
546. CENOrMYCE.
1 Frond spreading, deeply lobed ; seg. forked and pinnatifid, flattisb,
yellowish green above, white beneath : recept. simple, reddish
brown. Lichen. Ling. Bot.
For other species, see Achar. and Eng. Bot.
( 115 )
547
54a
549
550
551
553
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER IX. LICHENES.
linnean names.
ENGLISH N.XMES.
rt S w S
3 " rt p
- CD C
OO C rt
EAEOMYCES.
BAEOMYCES.
•-
1 roseiis
M. heaths...
•374.
ISIDIUM.
ISIDIUM.
1 corallinum
white coral cru.sted ...
Sto. tc locks
•1541.
STEREOCAULON.
STEREOCAULON.
1 paschale
•282.
SPHiEROPHORON.
GLOBE-LICHEN.
1 coral loides
•115.
ALECTORIA.
ALECTORIA.
1 jubata
•laao.
RAMALINA.
RAMALINA.
•
1 fraxinea
Old trees ...
•1781.
COLLEGIA.
COLLEMA.
1 iiiuTum
*IR*1
2 tenax
0349,
3 jialinatum
palmate
•1035.
4 niui^cssii
•300.
C!
I
1
( 115 )
CLASS XXIV. CUYPTOGAMIA. ORDER IX. LICHENES.
SPECIFIC CHAliACTEn.
.'547. BAEOMYCES.
1 Crust uniform, warty, whitisli, with short cylind. stalks : recept. ftesh-
colouied. Lichen Batomyce-s. Eng. But,
548. ISIDIUM.
1 Crust tartareous, whitish, papillary, uneven, with a leafy grey mar-
gin ; internally fibrous and branched : recept. brownish. Lichen.
Eng. Bnt.
For ‘d other species, see Eng. Bot. Ibll, 1833, 2204.
840. STEREOCAULON.
1 Frond greenish grev, with numerous crowded branches: recept. scat-
tered, terminal, dark brown. Lichen. Eng. But.
5o0. SPIIrEROPHORON.
1 Frond yellowish grey ; branches cylind. elongated, divaricating; re-
cept. smooth. Lichen globif'erous. Eng. Bot.
For 2 other species, .see Eng. But. 114, 2474.
551. ALECTORIA.
1 Frond filamentous, smooth, very mvich branched ; branches filiform,
compressed at their divarications, pendulous or in tufts : recept.
dark, with an entire border. Lichen. Eng. Bnt.
For another species, see Eng. But. 2040.
552. RAMALINA.
1 Frond leafy, tufted, smooth, greyish white; seg. lanceolate acute:
recept. scattered, pale. Lichen. Eng. But.
For 4 other specie.s, see Eng. But. f588, 889, 890, 1807-
.553. COLLEMA.
1 Crust black, composed of minute imbricated lobes: recept. very black,
at first bordered, then convex. Lichen. Eng. Bot.
2 Frond imbricated, rather glaucous, fleshy ; lobes obUi.se, somewhat
palmate: recept. depressed, dilated, reddish.
3 Frond induicafed, tufted, greenish brown with distinct thick turgid
lobes, somewhat palmate : recept. reddish. Lichen. Eng. But.
4 Frond leafy, green, somewhat imbricated, with round simialed curled
lobes, woolly befleath : recept. brown, fkittish, with a curled
border. Lichen. Eng. But.
( iin )
534
555
556
557
558
CLASS XXIV. CUYPTOGAMIA. ORDER IX. LICHENES.
o
9-- ^
I.IXNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
B o t k
= S £
:ra o
— “T ao
COLLEMA.
COLLEMA.
5 nigrescens
bat’s-wins:
D
Moi.roc. &tr
•345.
Old walls ..
2284.
CORNICULARIA.
CORNICULARIA.
USNEA.
USNEA.
•872.
LEPRARIA.
LEPRARIA.
I3’)0
- <A
ORDER X. FUNGI.
^ 5 ac r
SPH^RIA.
SPII^RIA. 1
Ux
I h'^'poxylon
horned black
Rotten posts
5r>«
*11)0.
3 poronia
dotted cup
Horse dung'
•54.
119.
HYSTERIUM.
HYSTERIUM.
1 Fraxini
3r. of Asb,&c
•315.
1
( IK) )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER XI. LICHENES.
SPECIFIC CIIAIIACTEII.
COLLEMA.
5 Frond leafy, with broad membranous, blistered, round lobes, dull
green : recept. clustered, reddish brown. Lichen. Eng. Bot.
ti Frond leafy, membranous, very thin, bhieish brown ; lobes dilated,
finelv jagged and fringed : recept. scattered, concave, red, with
a pale border. Lichen. Eng. Bot.
7 Frond somewhat fleshy, tufted, erect, finely branched in a forked
manner, rugose : recept. lateral, reddish, with a pale border.
For 1 7 other species, see Eng. Bot.
554. CORNICULARIA.
1 Frond somewhat compressed, smooth, blackish ; branches acute : re-
cept. blackish, flattish, radiated. Lichen. Eng. Bot.
For 5 other species, see Eng. Bot. 452, 846, 1853, 2318, 2374.
555. USNEA.
1 Frond much branched, erect, greenish grey; branches spreading,
simple : recept. very broad, radiated. Lichen. Eng. Bot.
For 3 other species, see Eng. Bot. 257, 258, 1354.
556. LEPRARIA.
1 Crust and fructification of an uniform bright yellow.
For 10 other species, see Eng. Bot.
ORDER X. FUNGI.
557. SPIDERIA.
1 Clustered, branched, compressed, black and haii'y below.
2 Stemless, roundish, tumid, firm, smooth, with internal concentric
layers. S. fraxinea, .Voie. Lng. Fung.
3 Stalked, cup-shaped, shallow, white in the disk, with black scattered
sunk capsules. .S', punctata, Sotc. Eng. Fung.
4 Scattered, naked, black, shining, depres.sed, with a cylind. sharp beak.
For many other species, see Sowerby's Eng. Fung, and Fersoon's
S^nops. Fung.
558. HYSTERIU.M.
1 Black, ovate, bursting with tumid lips. Sphesria sulcata. Sow. Eng.
Fung.
F’or other species, see Peru. Syn. Fung.
( 117 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAM I A.
ORDER X.
FUNGI.
c .
C c ^
—
LINNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
C
- — C. &b
,5' 1 “
;59
XYLOMA.
XYLOMA.
•no.
and beech
560
NEMASPORA.
NEMASPORA.
1 chrysosperma
golden bearded
Br. of poplar
•137.
561
TUBERCULARIA.
TUBERCULARIA.
•294
502
SPHiEROBOLUS.
PROJECTILE PUF
h'-BALL.
503
PILOBOLUS.
PILOBOLUS.
1 cryslallinus
crystalline
Horse dung
•300.
564
SCLEROTIUM.
SCLEROTIU.AI.
•393, f. 3
565
TUBER.
TRUFFLE.
Under ground
309.
566 !
BATARREA.
BATARREA.
1 phalloidts
phallus-like
Sandy ground
•390.
567
GEASTRUM.
GEASTRUM.
Norfk.&Snik.
•313.
588
BOVISTA.
BOVISTA.
1 iiigresciais
Fields
!
CLASS XXIV. CRVrTOGAMIA.
ORDER X. FUNGI.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
559. XYLOMA.
1 Crowded, orbicular, black, at length open, with an erect crenate bor-
der, and a pale disk. Pcziza comitialis., Sowerby Eng. Fung.
51)0. NAEMASPORA.
1 Somewhat conical, truncated, with yellow cirri. Sphceria cirrhata.
Sow. Eng. Fung.
5(31. TUBERCULARIA.
1 Aggregate, bright red, corrugated, with a thick pale base. Clavaria
coccinea i Sow. Eng. Fung.
For other species, see Pers. Syn. Fung.
562. SPHAEIIOBOLUS.
1 Lycoperdon carpobolus. Sow. Eng. Fung.
563. PILOBOLUS.
1 Recept. obovate, with a black hemispherical vesicle. Mucor urceola-
tus, Sow. Eng. Fung.
564. SCLEROTIUM.
1 Clustered, spherical, blackish-brown, finally wrinkled, internally wliite.
Sphceria Brassiere, Sow. Eng. Fung.
565. TUBER.
1 Blackish, rough, with prominent warts.
For 2 other species, see Sow. Eng. Fung. 310, 426.
566. BATARREA.
1 Lycoperdon phalloidts. Sow. Eng. Fung.
567. GEASTRUM.
1 VV' rapper many cleft, with numerous pedunc. and orifices. Lycoperdon.
Sow. Eng. Fung.
p’or 2 other species, see Sow. Eng. Fung. 198 and 401.
568. BOVISTA.
1 White changing to black, plaited beneath. Lycoperdon Dovista, Sow.
Eng. Fung.
( 118 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA.
ORDER X. FUNGI.
569
570
571
573
571
.i/'i
576
577
LINNEAN NAMES.
TULOSTOMA.
1 hrimiale
LYCOPRRDON.
I giganteum
SCLERODERMA.
1 cerviniMn
LYCOGALA.
1 miniata
FULIGO.
1 Hava
SPUMARIA.
I miicilago
DIDERMA.
I vernicosum
PHYSARUM.
I bivalve
TRICIIIA.
1 turbinata
ENGLISH NAJIES.
1=1°
•r7 C-S£»
^ "u — S'
'r tic 5
at I fcu
£ =6-
STALKED PUFF-BALL,
common On walls.
PUFF-BALL,
gigantic
SCLERODERMA,
tawney
LYCOGALA.
scarlet
FULIGO.
yellow ....
SPUMARIA.
white
DIDERMA,
fragile
PHYSARUM.
two valved
TRICIIIA.
turbinated ...
Upland pastures
Firwoods, un-
der ground ..
Trees, after rain
Trunk of poplars
Leav. bran. &c,
Leav. moss. &c.
Mosse.s, dead
leaves, &c. ..
Rotten wood,&c.
•400.
332.
•209.
•399,
f. 2.
'200.
’100.
•(i.
05.
f 118 )
CLASS XXIV. CUYPTOGAMIA. ORDER X. FUNGI.
SrECiriC CHARACTER.
569. TULOSTOMA.
I Stalk nearly smooth, solid: orifice flattish. Lycoperdon pcdunculatum.
Sou:. Eng, Fung.
570. LYCOPERDON.
1 Nearly stemless, (^lobular, very larjje, pale coloured, with nearly obso-
lete scattered scales. Lj/o. proteus. Sow. Eng. Fung.
For several other species, see Sow. Eng. Fung.
571. SCLERODERMA.
1 Subterraneous, round, oblong, hard, granulated, stemless. Lycoper-
don. Sow, Eng. Fung.
F’or 3 other speaies, see Fers. Syn. Fung, and Sow. E7ig. Fung.
572. LYCOGALA.
•
1 Aggregate, globose, at first scarlet, then brown, with rose-coloured
powder. Lycoperdon epidendrum, Sow. Eng. Fung.
F’or another sjiecies, see Eng. Fung. 272.
573. FULIGO.
1 Spreading and roundish, yellow, with a cellular-fibrous coat. Roticu-
laria lutea. Sow. Eng. Fung.
574. SPUMARIA.
1 Large, white, with the recept. internally branched into horns. Rtti-
cularia alba, Sow. Eng. Fung.
bib. DIDERMA.
I Clustered, ovate, reddish, shining, with a short lax whitish stalk.
Lycoperdon fragde. Sow. Eng. Fung.
bir,. PHYSARUM.
1 Compressed, waved, whitish, elongated, bursting at one side. Reticu-
lariu sinuuua. Sow. Eng. Fung.
bl7. TRICHI A.
I Crowded, sessile, obovate, of an ochrey tan colour.
For other species, see Sow. Eng. Fung.
( 119 )
CLASS XXIV. CUYI’TOGAMIA. order X. FUXGI.
I.INNEAK NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
O
ns C w 5
r ca p
1 (A
£ > — *
Z -r
is i tcE
5:^
578
ARCYRIA.
ARCYRIA.
^ X ^
Trunks of trees
•200.
579
STKMONITIS.
STEMONITIS.
I fasciculata
Rotten wood ...
*50.
580
LICEA.
LICEA.
1 circuincissa
L'nder bark of
•258.
581
MUCOR.
MOULD.
Decavinir food,
378,
truiis, Ac. ...
La, 0,7
582
ONYGENA.
ONYGENA.
Old hoofs& horns
*292.
583
AECIDIUM.
AECIDIU5I.
Lea.cfdocks,&c.
405.
584
UREDO.
BLIGHT.
Growinj^ corn.. .
HO.
585
PUCCINIA.
PUCCINIA.
Leaves of .\neni.
•no.
580
TRICHODERIMA.
TRICHODERMA.
1 roseuin
Rotten branehesj
1
I
1
•300,
f. 3.
{ 119 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. OUDRU X. FUNGI.
SPECIFIC CHARACTEU.
678. ARCYRIA.
1 Y ellow : stem verv short : recept. very long, reclining. Trichia nu-
tans, Son.', Eng. Fung.
For another species, see Som. Eng. F ung. 49.
579. STEMONITIS.
1 At first white, amt then rusty brown: stem hair-like: recept. egg
sliajied: coat entirely evanescent. Trichia nuda. Sow. Eng.
Fung.
580. LICEA.
1 Aggregate, changing from yellow to dark brown : recept. cut round.
Sphcerocarpus sessilis, Soiv. Eng. Fung.
581. MIJCOR.
1 Stalks simple, crowded : heads blacki.-h.
For other species, see Sow. Eng. Fung.
582. ONYGENA.
1 AggregiVle, whitish : head globular, rugose, somewhat scurfy. Lyco-
ptrdun. Sow. Eng. Fung.
583. AECIDIUM.
1 Crowded, orbicular, red, with white ponder.
For other species, see Sow. Eng. Fung.
584. UREDO.
1 Linear, rather club-shaped, changing from yelb'W to a daik brown,
I bursting out of the corn stems in long patches. See Sir Jos.
Banks on Corn Blight.
For other species, see Fers. and Sow. Eng. Fung.
585. PUCCINIA.
1 Scattered, somewhat paiallel, brown, staining. Aecidium fuscum.
Sow. Eng. Fung.
.588. TRICHOnERMA.
Rose-coloured, with a fine dejiressed filamentous border. Farinaria,
Sow. Eng. Fung.
F'or 2 other species, see Sow. Eng. Fung. 380, Jig. 1, 2.
1
( 120 )
0^7
f>a8
.589
590
CLASS XXIV. CUYPTOGAMIA.
OHDER X. FUNGI.
LINNEAN NAMES.
CYATHUS.
I striatiis
PHALLUS,
felidus
AMANITA.
1 virgata
2 rouscaria.
AGARICUS.
1 procerus
2 violaceus
3 cinnamomeus .
4 pratensis
5 virosus
8 Georgii ...
7 eainpestris
8 deliciosus
ENGLISH NAMES.
CYATHUS.
hairy
STINK-HORN.
common Shady woods..
S-5 2
5 S, &0
Wo. fields, &c.
AMANITA,
striped
fly poisonous..
AGARIC,
tall
purple or bluets
champignon
poisonous toad stool.
St. George’s
common mushroom .
delicious
Bark in hot-hou,
Fir woods, Ac.
Fir & birch wo.
Borders of wo.
Woods
•29.
329.
•1.
•286.
Pastures, in fairy
tings
Pjistures.
(
1
Woods & past.
Old pttstures ...
Fir plantations
190.
209.
203.
247.
•248.
407.
408.
304.
305.
202.
( 120 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOOAMIA. ORDER X. FUNGI.
SrECIFIC CHARACTER.
587. CYATHUS.
I Hairy, brown, internally striated. Nidtilaria, Sotc. Eng. Fung.
For 2 otlier species, see Soto. Eng. Fung. 26, 30.
588. PHALLUS.
I Stalk with numerous perforations, somewhat oblique : head honey-
combed, pervious.
For another species, see Sow. Eng. Fung. 330.
589. AMANITA.
1 Pileus hell-shaped, conical, hairy, striped with gray and black; gills
red-brown : stem white. Agaricus votvacem\ .Sow. Eng. Fung.
2 Pileus brownish or reddish, convex ; often with white, j'ellow or red
warts : gills white, short ones solitary : stem scaly : ring broad,
turned down. Agaricus., Sow. Eng. Fung. A VERV POISON-
NUS FUNGUS.
For other species, see Pers. Syn. Fung.
590. AGARICUS.
1 Large: pileus fleshy, hossed, scaly, reddish gray: gills remote, white,
fixed to a collar: stem very long, bulbous : ring loose.
2 Pileus fleshy, convex, reddish brown, with the edge turned down :
gills purple, as well as the stem, which is thick, and somewhat
tuberous. Eatable, but not good.
3 Pileus somewhat fleshy, bossed, smooth, rich cinnamon coloured: gills
rather broad, of a cinnamon colour : stem longish, yellow.
Eatable.
4 Pale brown, hardish : pileus bell-shaped, or obtusely bossed, smooth :
gills more pale, rather thick, distant, decurrent : stem short,
slender, thickening upwards, without a ring. Eatable.
5 Pileus fleshy, hemispherical, greenish yellow : gills broad, gray,
mottled : stem long, hollow, generally with a ring, pale-buff.
See also A. semiglohatus. Sow. Virulent Poison.
6 Pileus yellow, convex, hollow in the centre: gills brown: stem j'ellow,
thickish, smooth : juice yellow. Eatable, but not good.
7 Pileus fleshy, flattish, coloured from white to brown, somewhat scaly :
gills reddish brown : stem white, short, cylindrical: ring incom-
plete or tumid. Eatable.
8 Pileus rich red brown; flesh orange colour : gills flame-coloured, nar-
row, regularly branched : stem orange, tapering downwards.
Eatable.
( 121 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA.
ORDER X. FUNGI.
.592
.593
694
.595
LINNEAN NAMES.
AGARICUS.
9 alucus
lAIERULIUS.
1 cantliarellus
2 (le.struens
DAEDALEA.
I (juercina
BOLETUS.
1 edulis
2 hepatious ....
3 meclulla-panis.
SISTOTREMA.
1 conHupns
HYDNUM.
1 imbricatimi
ENGLISH NAMES.
AGARIC.
aldar
CHANTERELLE,
common
dn-rot
DAEDALEA.
oak
BOLETUS,
eatable
liver-shaped
bread-like ...
SISTOTREMA.
confluent
HYDNUM.
scaly
Trunks of alder
Fir woods
Timber in buildg-.
Old pales, &c.
Fir woods
Roots of Oaks
Old wood, posts,
cellars, itc. ...
Ground under tr. *112,
183,
•46.
•113
•181,
111.
58.
326.
Fir woods
73.
( 121 )
Cl.ASS XXIV. CUYPTOGAiMIA. OKDEH X. FUNGI.
SPECiiac ciiahacteu.
AGARICUS.
!( Stemless, roriaceous, velvety, wliitisli ifrey : gills brown biift', in pairs.
For above l'2(t otbor species, see Soiv. Fiin^.: but as many
of them ate extremely [xiisonous, ami as it is often difficult to
distinguisb such as are so from such as are not, the greatest
caution is retpiirisl in gathering them. A. virosus has often been
fatally mistaken for A. pratensis.
5!tl. MERULIUS.
1 Clustered, all deep yellow: ^tileus Heshy, smooth, depressed. Agaricus,
Snw. Eng. Fvng. Eatable,
2 Spreading, indeterminate, yellowish red, with a white ilovvny edge, and
reticulated plaits. Boletus larhrpmans, Sok. Eng. Fung.
For other species, see Pers. Sj/n. and Sow. Eng. Fung.
592. DAEDALEA.
1 Coriaceous, brown : pileus soft and clothy, marked with concentric
circles of various hues : gills brown, waved. Agaricus, Sow.
Eng. Fung.
For other species, see Sow Eng. Fung. 193, 194.
593. BOLETUS.
1 Pileus brown, very broad: flesh white ; tubes at first whitish, and then
greenish yellow : stem tuberous, somewhat ventricose, light
brownish yellow.
2 b'leshy, blood coloured, semi-circular : tubes separate, very slender,
yellowish. Eatable.
3 White, spreading, flat, crustaceous : pores on the upper surface ; tubes
slanting.
For about 40 other species, see Pers. Syn. and Sow. Eng. Fung.
594. SISTOTREMA.
1 Clustered, white : pileus fleshy, waved, confluent, with whitish decur-
rent teeth, tlydnum sublamellosum. Sow. Eng. E'ung.
595. HYDNUM.
1 Pileus fleshy, unbilicated, red-brown, with darker scales ; prickles
whitish : stem smooth, pale flesl. colour. Eatable.
For ti other species, see Sow. Eng. E'ung,
R r
( 122 )
CLASS XXIVL CRYPTOGAMIA.
ORDER X. FL'NGI.
0 - -=
9)
LINNEAN NAMES.
ENGLISH NAMES.
rt r
3 ® rs O
- 6C 3
596
THELEPHORA.
THELEPHORA.
•-* oC
Decayed branch.
•25.
597
MERISMA.
.MERISMA.
1 cristatum
Ground in woods
CO
•
598
CLAVARIA.
CLAVARIA.
1 tuberosa
Under bark of br.
199.
599
GEOGLOSSITM.
GEOGLOSSUM.
Moist woods, &c
•83.
609
SPATHULARIA.
SPATHULARIA.
Pine groves ...
•35.
601
LEOTIA.
LEOTIA.
b'ir leaves
•
CO
602
HELVELLA.
HELVELLA.
Ground in woods
•39.
603
MORCHELLA.
MOREL.
VV oods & hedges
•51.
604
THEM ELLA.
TRF.MELLA.
Dead branches
( 122 )
CLASS XXIV. CHYPTOGAMIA. ORDKK X. FUXGI.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Mfi. THELEPHORA.
1 Spreading^, reflexed, rust-coloured : pileus tliin, smooth, soft, hairy
hehnv. Aiirirtiinria tahiicina. Sow. Eng. f'nng.
For other species, see Eers. Sj/n. and Sow, Eng. Fung.
nit/. MERISATA.
1 Flat, thin, pale, encrustinj; mosses and other bodies : branches jagged,
tliickened, rugose. Clavarin lariniata. Sow. Eng. Fung.
For another species, see Sow. Eng. Fung. luti.
r.!m. CLAVARIA.
1 Yellowish, simple, tuberous at the base.
F’or other species, see Sow. Eng. Fung.
.'599. GEOGLOSSUM.
1 Clustered, hairy, black. Clavaria ophiogtossoides, Sow. Eng. Fung,
fiOO. SPATHULARIA.
1 HelveUa spatulata, Sow. Eng. Fung.
flOl. LEOTIA.
1 Clustered, minute : pileus conical, brownish. Clavaria ferruginca.
Sow. Eng. Fung.
For 2 other species, see Sow. Eng. Fung. 11, 293.
fi02. HELVELLA.
1 Pileus thin, crisp, pale white : stem ^ooved, semi pellucid, swelling
at the base. //. mitra. Sow. Eng. Fung.
For other species, see Sow. Eng. Fung,
603. MORCHELLA.
1 Pileus contracted at the base, yellowish : stem naked, wrinkled.
JIvtvella, Sow. Eng. Fung.
For another species, see Sow. Eng. Fung. 238.
604. TREMELLA.
1 Sessile, clustered, plaited, lobed, waved, orange-coloured. Eng. Bot.
709.
For other species, see Pers. Sj/n. and Eng, Bot.
( 123 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA.
ORDER X. FUNGI.
C 0.:
LINNEAN NAMES,
ENGLISH NAMES.
« o 5 S
-
w r ac S
.5' 5 £ ~
605
PEZIZA.
PEZIZA.
Kf}
— 7.
1 cinerca
grey
Decayed trunk.'
IH.
&c
606
ASCOBOLUS.
ASCOBOLUS.
1 furfuraceus
scurfy
Cow-dung in (
*18.
tields
f. 8, 6.
607
HELOTIUM.
HELOTIUM.
1 aciculare
Roots of trees...
*57.
608
PERICONIA.
PERICONIA.
1 by:3j»oides
Stems of plants
60!)
ISARIA.
ISARIA.
1 truncata
insects
610
MONILIA.
MONILIA.
1 glauta
glaucous
Putrid fruits ...
*378,
f. U.
611
DEMATIUM.
DEMATIUM.
612
ERINEUM.
ERINEUM.
“878,
leaves
f. 10.
618
RACOniUM.
RACODIUM.
1 cellarp
2 Xyio.stroiua
•858.
&.C
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER X. FUNGI.
SPECIFIC CHAHACTER.
fiO-i. PEZIZA.
I Clustered, small, prey nr pale, reflected: border curled, paler.
For other species, see Sou:. A’ng. Fuiig.
fiOfl. ASCOBOLUS.
1 Clustered, somewhat concave, olive brown, externally scurfy. Peaiza
i'fercorarm. Sow. A’np. Fung.
(i07- HELOTIUAt.
I Minute, in clusters, white : head at first rather excavated. Ilelvella
agaririj'ormis. Sow. Eng. Fung.
tlOH. PER ICON I A.
1 Stem blackish : head reddish, deciduous. Fers. Sj/n. Fung.
ti09. ISARIA.
1 ]\Iuch branched ; branches truncated and crenulated. Pers. Sj/n. Fung.
filO. MONILIA.
1 Stalked, clustered, glaucous prey. jSlucor., Sow. Eng. Fung.
For another species, see Sow. Fng. Fung. o/S, f. 11.
fill. DEMATIUM.
I Small, downv, vir)let-col<)ured. liysuu.'i pliospliorro, Linn.
For othci' species, see Pars. Sijn. Fung.
(112. ERINEUM.
1 Depressed, broad, reddish brown, at first pale. Mucor fcrrugine.us.
Sow. Eng. Fung.
fil3. R.\CODIUM.
1 Much expanded, very soft, black. Bi/snus .wptirn. Linn.
2 Very broad, soft, yellowish brown. X^hutiomu gigantcum. Sow.
Eng. Fung.
AnoUier species, Bpssus n>rtiginom, Iluds. Flor. AngL?
( 124 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA.
ORDER X. FUNGI.
fiI4
015
Olti
LIXNEAN NAMHS.
HIMANTIA.
1 Candida
RHIZOMORPHA.
I subcorticalis
MESENTERICA.
I argentea
ENGLISH NAMES.
HIMANTIA.
wlute
RHIZOMORPHA
fragile
MESENTERICA.
white
5 05
i op
i PS fc.
•- ^ qo
Fallen leaves.
Trunks of trees
Old rafters, &c.
S * ^
t t 2P r
— X
MOO.
( 124 )
CLASS XXIV. CRYPTOGAMIA. ORDER X. FUNGI.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
G14. HIMANTIA.
1 Tender, white, somewhat feathery and dilated at the points.
Candida^ Iliids. Flor. Angl.
For anotlier species, see Sow. Eng. Fung. ‘diiT, f. 4.
Clrj. RHIZOMORPHA.
1 Compressed, hranclied, blackish, between the bark and the wood.
R. phos‘pliorea, .S(mi. Eng. Fung.
For y other species, see Sow. Eng. Fung.
filG. MESENTERICA.
1 Very broad, white, with a woolly tumid border. Pens. Lyn. Fung.
( 125 )
ALTERATIONS AND ADDITIONS.
CLASS III. TRIANDItlA. ORDER I. MONOGYNIA.
Gen. 18. Triciionema. Ker in Aanals of Bot.
Sheath 2-valvpd. Cor. equal, rej^^ular, with a ver5’ short tube.
Filam. downy. Stig, 3-i lelt.
Spec. 1. Ti'ich. Uuthucodium. Ixia Bulborndium. of paire 4, and of
£>tg. But. 2549.
CLASS V. PKNTANDRIA. ORDER 1. MONOGYNIA.
Gen. 88. Menyanthes. Linn.
Cal. 5-toothed. Cor. funnel-sliaped, .5.cleft ; segments acute,
covered with long shaggy fibres on tlie upper disk, and simple at
the edges. Sti/le oxserted. Stig. 2-lohed, notclied. round,
1-celled, mauy-sce led. Leaves ternale.
Spec. 1. Men. trifuliata. page 18.
Gen. 88.* Vii.lausia. Ventenat. Brmcn.
Cal. 5-cleft. Cor. wheel-shaped, 5-cleft; segments plane in the
disk, bearded or scaly at the base, and generally fringed at the
edges. Sti/le very short. Siig. 2-lobed, notched. Caps, many
seeiied, 1-celled. 2-valvcd, with the edges of the valves thick-
ened. Leaves simple
Spec. 1. Vil. nymi'lueoides. Common Villarsia.
Alcvj/anthcs. nj/tnpluvoidts of page 18, and of Eng. Bot, 217.
CLASS VI. HEXANDRI.k. ORDER I. MONOGYNIA.
Gen. I73.-I74. LlT.tlTJt. Linn.
Cor. inferior 8-pet, bell-shaped, with a nectariferous longitudinal
line. ('aps. oblong, 3-sided, with the valves joined by reticu-
lated hairs.
Spec. 1. L. Martagon.§ Turk’s-cap Lily.
Leaves whorled, ovate-lanceolate: II. rellexed, with the pet.
turned back. Bot. Ala^. 893 and 1834.
Colour varying from wlntish purple to white. Flowers in June
and July.
Found in shady places on the chalk hills near Dorking and Godstone,
in Suriey, apparently indigenous.
( 126 )
INDEX TO THE GENERA.
jV. B The names in Italies are Synonyms.
A. Genus,
Cla.^iS.
Ord. Page,
Gfvus.
Class.
Ord.
rage.
^ r
203
VllI
1
37
86
.. 280
XI
1
46
Aceras
40(i
XX
I
Ascobolus ...
XXIV
X
123
Achillea
401i
XIX
11
84
Asparagus ...
VI
1
I
31
Acorus
183
VI
1
32
Asperugo
... 83
V
17
Actaea
2f>()
XI 11
1
.53
Asperula
... 58
IV
1
13
Adiantum
438
XXIV
IV
103
Aspidium
XXIV
IV
102
Adonis
26.')
XIII
VII
55
Asplenium ...
... 464
XXIV
IV
103
Adoxa
206
VIII
IV
38
Aster
... 392
XIX
II
82
XXIV
X
119
27
... 855
XVII
IV
72
25
Aegnpoduim —
l,'i8
A'
11
Athamanta .
... 136
V
11
Aeihusa
148
V
11
26
Atriplex ....
. . 4.56
XXIII
I
100
Agaricus
500
XXIV
X
120
Atrupa
... 104
V
1
20
Agrimonia
232
XI
11
46
Avena
... 44
HI
11
11
Agrostemma...
226
X
IV
44
Aur'icular'ia..
...
XXIV
X
122
Agrostis
32
III
11
7
Azalea .. ...
... 92
V
I
19
Aira
33
III
II
7
Aiuga
2;i
XIV
1
57
B.
Alchemilla ...
68
IV
1
15
Baeomyces..
XXIV
IX
115
Alcyonidium .
Alectovia
—
XXIV
VIII
110
Ballota
... 282
XIV
1
69
5.51
XXIV
IX
115
Barbarea
... 325
XV
II
65
Alisma
104
VI
V
34
Bartrainia ..
... 504
XXIV
VI
107
Allium
173
VI
1
30
Bartsia
9<V»
XIV
II
60
Aliuis
424
XXI
IV
92
Batarrea ....
... 566
XXIV
X
117
Alopecurus
28
III
II
6
Beilis
... 397
XIX
II
83
AUhsca
33/
XVI
VIU
68
Berberis ....
... 186
VI
I
33
Alyssum
309
XV
1
63
Beta
... 119
V
II
23
Amanita
6^9
XXIV
X
120
Betonica ....
.... 280
XIV
I
58
Amaranthus...
428
XXI
V
93
Belula
.... 438
XXI
VII
94
Anagallis
91
V
1
18
Betula
XXI
IV
92
Anchusa
. 78
V
1
17
Bidens
.... 380
XIX
I
80
Andraea
, 475
XXIV
VI
104
Blasia
.... 509
XXIV
VII
108
Andromeda ...
. 210
X
1
40
Bleclinum ..
... 467
XXIV
IV
103
Anemone
. 262
XIII
VII
55
Boletus
.... 593
XXIV
X
121
Anetlium
. 154
V
II
27
Borago
.... 82
V
I
17
Angelica
. 141
V
11
25
Borrera
.... 542
XXIV
IX
114
Anictangium
. 479
XXIV
VI
li'5
Botrychium
.. . 460
XXIV
11
101
Anoinodon....
500
XXIV
VI
107
Bovista
.... 568
XXIV
X
117
Anlennaria ..
. 387
XIX
II
81
Brassica ...
.... 332
XV
11
66
Antliemis ....
. 401
XIX
II
83
Brassica
....
XV
II
65
Anthericum ..
. 179
VI
I
31
Briza
.... 38
HI
II
9
Anthoreros ..
. 514
XXIV
VII
108
Bromus
.. . 42
HI
11
10
Anlhoxanlhuin 15
11
11
3
Bryonia
.... 429
XXI
V
93
AnlhvUi?
. 346
XVII
IV
71
Bryum
.... 507
XXIV
VI
108
. 299
XIV
11
61
XXIV
IV
VI
106
15
Apargia
. 368
XIX
1
77
Buffonia ...
.... 69
II
.Apium
I.'p7
V
11
27
Biinias
...
XV
I
64
Aquilegia
. 260
XIII
V
64
Bunium ...
.... 133
V
11
25
Arabis
. 330
XV
11
66
Bupleurum
.. . 128
V
H
24
Arbutus
. 211
X
1
40
Bulomus ...
.... 208
IX
111
39
Arctium
374
XIX
I
78
Buxbaumia
... 503
XXIV
VI
107
Arcyria
578
XXIV
X
119
Buxbaumia.
XXIV
VI
105
Arenaria
. 221
X
III
43
Buxus
XXI
IV
93
Aristolochia ..
Artemisia
. 416
. 385
XX
XIX
HI
II
88
80
B'jssus
... —
XXIV
X
I 123
1 124
Artlionia
. 521
XXIV
IX
HI
c.
Arum
. 433
XXI
VII
93
Cakile
XV
1
64
Arundo
. 46
HI
11
11
Calicium ...
XXIV
IX
112
S S
( 127 )
INDEX
ro THE GENERA.
Genus,
Class.
Ord.
Page.
Gcmis.
Class.
Ord.
Page.
Callitriche
5
I
II
1
Corylus
... 440
XXI
VH
94
Caltha
270
XIII
VII
r>d
Cotyledon ...
.. 223
X
IV
43
Camelina
aio
XV
1
63
Crambe
.. 320
XV
I
64
Campanula
y.)
V
I
19
Crataegus.. ..
.. 237
XII
II
48
Cardamine
S2y
XV
11
65
Crepis
.. 370
XIX
I
78
Cardainine
—
XV
II
66
Crithmum ...
.. 138
V
H
25
Carduus
376
XIX
I
79
Crocus
.. 17
III
I
4
Carex
420
XXI
III
89
Cucubalus ...
.. 218
X
HI
42
Cailina
379
XIX
1
79
Cusruia
. 122
V
II
23
Carpinus
439
XXI
VII
94
Cyathea
.. 469
XXIV
IV
103
Carum
IjS
V
II
27
Cyathus
.. 587
XXIV
X
120
Casianea
437
XXI
VII
94
Cyclamen ...
.. 87
V
1
18
Caucalis
131
V
II
24
Cynoglossum
.. 79
V
I
17
Cenomyce
546
XXIV
IX
114
Cynosurus ...
. 40
HI
II
9
Centaurea
403
XIX
III
84
Cypcnis ....
.. 21
HI
I
4
Centunculus....
63
IV
1
14
Cypripedium
.. 415
XX
II
88
Cerastium
223
X
IV
45
Ceratophyliujii
430
XXI
VII
93
D
Cetraria
543
XXIV
IX
114
Dactylis
.. 39
HI
H
9
ChzcrophvUum
150
V
II
27
Daedalea
.. 592
XXIV
X
121
Chara
3
I
I
1
Daltonia ....
.. 501
XXIV
VI
107
Cheiranthus ....
327
XV
II
66
Dapline
. 202
VHI
1
37
Chelidonium ..
251
XllI
I
53
Datura
.. 102
V
I
20
Chenopodium..
118
V
11
22
Daucus
.. 132
V
11
25
Cherleria
221i
X
III
43
Dclcsseria ..
—
XXIV
VHI
109
Chironia
106
V
1
21
Delphinium ,
.. 2.59
XllI
HI
54
Chlora
198
VI n
1
88
Deniatium...
. 611
XXIV
X
123
Chondrua
—
XXIV
VIII
109
Dcntaria
.. 321
XV
11
65
Chorda
—
XXIV
VllI
I m
Desmarestia .
—
XXIV
VHI
109
Chrysanthemum
398
XIX
11
83
Dianllius
.. 217
X
11
42
Chrysocoma.. .
382
XIX
1
80
Dicranum ...
.. 492
XXIV
VI
106
Chrysospknium
213
X
II
40
Diderma
XXIV
X
118
Cichorium
373
XIX
1
78
Didymodon
.. 4*d5
XXIV
VI
106
Cicuta
147
V
II
21)
Digitalis ... .
.. 301
XIV
11
61
Cinclidotus
486
XXIV
VI
105
Diphyscium .
.. 481
XXIV
VI
105
Cineraria
395
XIX
u
83
Dipsacus ...
.. 55
IV
I
13
Circaa
8
II
1
2
Doronicum .
.. 396
XIX
II
83
Cisius
257
XIII
I
54
Draba
.. 308
XV
I
(i3
Clavaria
598
XXIV
X
122
Drosera
.. 168
V
VI
29
Clematis
263
XllI
VII
55
Dryas
.. 248
XII
V
52
Clinopodiiim ..
285
XIV
I
59
Cnic.us
377
XIX
I
79
E
Cochlearia
315
XV
I
64
Echinophora
.. \2H
V
H
24
Colchicum
193
VI
HI
34
Echium
V
1
18
CoHema
553
XXIV
IX
115
Elatine
. 207
VHI
IV
38
Comaruni
249
XII
V
52
Elymus
49
HI
H
11
Conferva
518
XXIV
VIII
111
Empetrum...
.. 443
XXII
III
97
Conium
134
V
11
25
Enc'alvpta ...
.. 488
XXIV
VI
106
Conostoinum . .
484
XXIV
VI
105
Endotarpon .
.. 530
XXIV
IX
112
Convallaria ....
182
VI
I
31
Epilobium ...
.. 197
VHI
1
36
Convolvulus ....
93
V
I
Epimedium .
. . (>5
IV
I
14
Conyza
388
XIX
11
.
81
Epipactis
.. 412
XX
I
87
Corallorrhiza ..
414
XX
I
88
Equiseium . ..
. 457
XXIV
1
101
Coriandruui ....
145
V
11
26
Erica
.. 201
VHI
I
37
Cornicularia....
554
XXIV
IX
116
Erica
VHI
I
36
Cornus
66
IV
1
14
Erigeron . ...
.. 389
XIX
11
81
Coronopus
316
XV
64
Eriheuni
... 612
XXIV
X
123
Conigiola
163
V
111
28
Eriocaulon...
.. 422
XXI
HI
92
( 128 )
INDEX TO THE GENERA.
Gemts.
Eriophorum .... li.’J
Erodi uin
Erviim riSl
Eryngium 125
Erysimum 32(»
Euonynuis 110
Eupatoniiiii .... 381
Euphorbia 234
Euplirasia 294
Evernia 539
Exacum 61
F
Fagus 430
Farinuria —
Fesiuca 41
Ficaria 267
Fontinalis 502
Fontmalis —
Fragaria 244
Frankenia 137
Fraximis 7
Fritillaria 174
Fucus 515
Fuligo 573
Fumaria 340
Funaria 496
Furcellaria —
G
Galantluis 170
Galeobdolon. .. 279
Galeopsis 273
Galium 59
Geastrum 567
Gelidium —
Genista 343
Gentiana 124
Geoglossum .. . 599
Geranium 336
Geuni 247
Gigartina —
Glauciuin 252
Glaux 114
Gleclioma 276
Gnaphalium.... 336
Goodyera 409
Graphis 528
Grimmia 439
Grimmia —
Gyalecta 523
Gymnadenia .. 405
Gymnostomum 480
Gyrophora 525
H
Ifabenaria —
I Hedera 112
1 IJedypnois —
Class.
Ord.
Page.
Ill
1
.')
XVI
II
6S
XVII
IV
72
V
II
24
XV
II
(u
V
I
2\
XIX
1
811
XI
III
4(!
XIV
1 1
1)0
X.XIV
IX
11. -i
iV
I
u
XXI
VII
H4
XXIV
X
119
III
II
9
XIII
VII
ftt!
XXIV
VI
107
X.XIV
VI
105
XII
V
51
VI
I
II
I
2
VI
1
.^0
XXIV
VIII
109
XXIV
X
118
XVII
11
70
XXIV
VI
107
X.XIV
Vlll
109
VI
1
.90
XIV
I
58
XIV
I
58
IV
1
13
XXIV
X
il7
XXIV
VIII
110
XVII
IV
70
V
11
23
XXIV
X
192
XVI
V
G8
XII
V
52
XXIV
VIII
no
XIII
I
53
V
I
22
XIV
1
58
XIX
II
80
XX
I
87
XXIV
IX
112
XXIV
VI
100
XXIV
VI
105
XXIV
IX
111
XX
I
86
XXIV
VI
105
XXIV
IX
112
XX
I
86
V
I
21
XIX
1
76
Genus.
Hodysarum .. . 354
Hflleborus 269
Helminthia .... 361
Melotium 607
Hclvella 602
IlcIveUa —
Heracleuin 139
Herminiuni .... 407
Herniaria 117
Hesperis 329
Hieracium 369
Hiinantia 614
Hippocrepis .... 353
Hippopliae 446
Hippuris 2
Holcus 34
Holosteuin 53
Hookeria 505
Hordeuin 60
Hottoniu 89
Humulus.... ... 443
Hutcliinsia .. . 3)2
Hyarinthus .. 177
Hydnum 595
rocUaris.,..
Hydrocolyle.... 12G
HymenopliyU
lum 4-2
Hyoscyainus 103
Hyoscris
Hypericum .... 359
Hypnea
Hypnum 503
Hypochaeri.s .... 371
Hysterium 553
Jaslone 97
Iberis 317
Ilex 70
Illecebrum 113
Impaliens 99
linperatoiia .... 151
Inula 394
Iris 19
Isaria 609
isatis 318
Isidium 5.I8
Isoetcs 47.3
Juncus 184
Jungennannia.. 508
Juniperus 454
Ixia (Trichone-
ma) 18
K
Knappia 29
Kobresia 421
L
Lactuca 364
Class.
Ord.
Pttgl .
XVII
IV
72
xin
VII
56
XIX
I
76
XXIV
X
123
XXIV
X
122
X.XIV
X
123
V
n
25
XX
I
87
V
II
22
XV
II
66
XIX
I
77
XXIV
X
124
XVII
IV
72
XXII
IV
98
1
I
1
III
II
8
111
III
12
XXIV
VI
108
III
II
12
V
I
IS
XXll
V
98
XV
I
63
VI
I
31
XXIV
X
121
XXll
VIII
99
V
11
24
XXIV
IV
104
V
I
20
XIX
I
78
XV 111
IV
73
XXIV
VUI
no
XXIV
VI
108
XIX
I
78
XXIV
X
116
V
J
19
XV
I
64
IV
III
15
V
I
22
V'
I
20
v
II
27
XIX
11
82
III
I
4
XXIV
X
123
XV
1
64
XXIV
IX
115
XXIV
V
104
VI
I
32
XX tv
VII
108
XXH
XIII
99
in
I
f 4
1 125
ni
II
7
XXI
III
92
XIX
I
76
( 129 'i
INDEX TO THE GENERA.
Genus.
Lagurus 4^)
Laminaria —
Lamiuin 277
Lapsana 372
Laihrsa 2%
Lalhyrus 349
Laitrencia —
Lavatera 339
Lecanora 537
Lecidea 524
Lemna 12
Leontodon 30(5
Leonurus 2d4
Leotia 6OI
Lepidium 311
Lepidbiin
Lepraria 556
Leucodon 494
Leucojuin 17 1
Licea 530
Lichen
Ligusticum .... 140
Ligiistruin 0
Lilium 173-174
Limosella 304
Linaria 293
Linnaea 302
Linum ICO
Lislera 41 1
Lithospermu m 77
Litiorella 423
Lobelia 9g
Lolium 47
Lonicera 108
Lotus 357
Luzula 185
Lyclinis 227
Lycogala 572
Lycoperdon .. . 570
Lycoperdon ....
Lycopodium.... 458
Lycopsis H4
Lycopus 13
Lysiinacliia ... IH)
Lyihrum 231
RI
Malaxis 413
;; 3;«
iMarcliantia .... fil2
Marrubiuiii .... 283
Matliiola 328
Matricaria 40U
Medicago 353
Melampyriiin .. 29,)
Melica 3,-,
Melissa 288
Melittis 289
Mentha 2/6
Ctdss.
Ord.
Page.
Ill
II
i;
XXIV
VIII
109
XIV
I
.18
XIX
I
7S
XIV
11
00
xvn
IV
71
XXIV
VIII
110
XVI
VIII
09
XXIV
IX
113
XXIV
IX
111
11
I
3
XIX
I
70
XIV
I
.19
X.XIV
X
122
XV
I
03
XV
I
04
XXlV
IX
no
XX IV
\ I
100
VI
I
30
XXIV
.X
119
XXIV
IX
III
V
11
25
11
I
2
VI
I
125
XIV
II
01
XIV
II
01
XIV
11
01
V
V
28
XX
I
87
V
I
17
XXI
IV
92
V
I
19
111
11
11
V
1
21
XVII
IV
73
VI
I
32
X
IV
44
XXIV
X
118
XXIV
X
118
XXIV
X
117
XXIV
II
loi
V
1
18
II
I
3
V
I
18
XI
1
40
XX
1
88
XVI
VI 11
()9
XXIV
VII
108
XIV
I
59
XV
II
00
XIX
II
83
XVII
iV
74
XIV
11
00
111
11
8
XIV
I
59
XIV
I
.19
XIV
1
57
Genus.
Menyantlies.... 88
I\Ienz:esia 200
Mercurialis .... 452
Merulius 591
Mesenterica .... 016
Mespilus 2u9
Meum —
Milium 31
Mnium —
Monilia 010
Monotropa 209
Muiitia 52
Moi'cliclla 003
Mucor 581
Mucor —
Myosotis 70
Myosuius 109
Myrica 447
Myriophyllum.. 431
N
Naemaspora..., 560
Narcissus 172
Nardus 24
Nartliecium .... l80
Nasturtium . .. 323
Neckera 499
Neoitia 410
Nepeta 273
Nephroma 545
Nidularia —
Nuphar 255
Nyinphaea 254
O
Ocnanthe 144
Oenothera 190
Ononis 345
Onopordum .... 378
Onygena 582
Opegrapha 527
Opliioglossum.. 459
Ophrys 408
Opfirys —
Orchis 404
Origanum 2k>
Ornithogalum .. 176
Ornithopus 352
Orobanclie 305
Orobus 348
Ortliotrichuin.. 498
Osmunda 461
Osmunda — •
Oxali.s 225
P
Peeonia 25S
Panicum 26
Papuver 253
Class.
Ord.
Page
V
I
f 18
\ 125
VIII
I
36
XXII
VIII
98
XXIV
X
121
XXIV
X
124
XII
IV
48
V
II
25
III
II
7
XXIV
VI
107
XXIV
X
123
X
I
40
III
III
12
XXIV
X
122
XXIV
X
119
XXIV
X
117
V
I
17
V
VII
29
XXI 1
IV
98
XXI
V u
93
.XXIV
X
117
VI
I
30
III
I
5
VI
1
31
XV
11
05
XXIV
4 I
107
XX
1
87
XIV
I
.17
XXIV
IX
114
XXIV
X
120
XUI
1
53
XIII
I
53
V
11
26
VIII
1
36
XVll
IV
70
XIX
1
79
XXIV
X
119
XXIV
IX
112
XXIV
11
01
XX
1
87
XX
I
86
XX
1
86
XIV
1
59
VI
1
30
XVII
IV
72
XIV
11
62
XVII
IV
71
XXIV
VI
107
XXIV
III
102
XXIV
11
101
A
IV
44
XIII
III
.14
III
11
6
Xlll
I
03
INDEX TO THE GENERA.
Gemis.
Parictaria .... 67
Paris 206
Parmelia 641
Pamassia 164
Pasimaca 162
Pcriicularis 297
PeUma —
Peltidea 644
Peplis ISd
Periconia 60<4
Peucedanum .. 137
Pe^/iza 606
Peziza, —
Phalaris 26
Phallus 6tiri
Phascun^* 477
Phellandrium .. 146
Plileum 27
Physarum 676
Phyteuma 96
Picris 362
Piloboliis 56ii
Pilularia 474
Pimpinella 166
Pinguicula 10
Pinus 441
Pi sum ^7
Plantago 62
Plocamium —
Poa 37
Poleinonium.... 94
Polycarpon 64
Poly gala 841
Polygonum .... 204
Polypodium .. . 462
Polypodxum .... —
Polypogon 30
Polyirichum.... 485
Populus 4’i0
Porina 631
Potamogelon .. 71
Potentilla 245
Poterium 434
Prenanthes 366
Primula 86
Prunella 291
Primus 236
Pteris 466
Pterogonium .. 490
Puccinia 685
Pulmonaria .... 80
Pyrenula .. •.... 533
Pyreihrum 399
Pyrola 212
Pyrus 240
Q-
Querrus 436
R.
Racodium 613
Ciass.
Ord.
I'age.
IV
15
VIII
IV
38
XXIV
IX
114
V
IV
28
V
II
‘zr
XIV
II
6!l
XIV
II
61
XXIV
IX
114
VI
I
33
XXIV
X
123
V
n
25
XXIV
X
123
XXIV
X
117
III
II
6
XXIV
X
126
XXIV
VI
104
V
11
26
III
II
6
XXIV
X
118
V
I
IS
XIX
I
76
XXIV
X
117
XXIV
V
104
V
n
27
II
I
3
XXI
vm
94
XVII
IV
71
IV
1
14
XXIV
VIII
110
III
11
8
V
I
IS
III
III
12
XVII
HI
70
VIII
in
37
XXIV
IV
102
XXIV
IV
104
III
II
7
XXIV
VI
105
XXII
VII
98
XXIV
IX
112
IV
HI
15
XII
V
51
XXI
VII
94
XIX
I
76
V
I
18
XIV
I
60
XII
r
48
XXIV
IV
103
XXIV
VI
106
XXIV
X
119
V
I
17
XXIV
IX
113
XIX
11
83
X
I
40
XII
IV
48
XXI
VII
94
XXIV
X
123
Genus.
Radiola 75
Ramalina 562
Ranunculus ... 266
Raphanus 3J14
Reseda 233
Reticulaxia —
Rlunumis 100
Rhinantluis .... 293
Rhizomorpha .. 615
Hhodiola 451
Kibes Ill
Riccia 513
Rivularia 617
Roccella 538
Rosa 242
Rotbollia 48
Rubia ^
Rubus 243
Rumex
Ruppia 72
Ruscus 44i
S.
Sagedia 536
Sagina 73
Sagina —
Sagittaria 432
Salicornia 1
Salix 442
SaUola 120
Salvia 14
Sambucus 160
Samolus 107
Sanguisorba .... 64
Sanicula 127
Santolina 383
Saponaria 216
Satyrium —
Saxifraga 214
Scabiosa 56
Scandix 149
Scheuchzeria .. 191
Scliistostega .... 478
Schoenu.s 20
Schoenus —
Scilla 178
Scirpus 22
Scleranihus .... 215
Scleroderma.. . 571
Sclerotium 564
Scolopendrium 4^
Scropliularia. ... .^0
Scutellaria 290
Sedum 224
Selinum 135
Sempervivuin .. 236
Senecio 391
Serapias —
Scrratula ........ 375
Class.
Ord.
Paft.
IV
HI
16
XXIV
IX
115
XIII
VH
55
XV
11
67
XI
HI
46
XXIV
X
118
V
1
21
XIV
H
60
XXIV
X
124
XXII
VII
98
V
I
21
XXIV
VH
108
XXIV
VHI
no
XXIV
IX
113
XU
V
49
III
n
11
IV
I
14
XII
V
51
VI
HI
33
IV
III
16
XXII
HI
97
XXIV
IX
113
IV
HI
16
X
IV
45
XXI
VH
93
1
I
1
XXII
11
95
V
11
23
II
I
3
V
III
28
V
I
21
IV
I
14
V
11
24
XIX
I
80
X
II
41
XX
I
86
X
11
40
IV
I
13
V
II
26
VI
HI
34
XXIV
VI
106
III
1
4
XXI
HI
92
VI
I
31
III
]
4
X
II
41
XXIV
X
118
XXIV
X
117
XXIV
IV
103
XIV
II
61
XIV
I
60
X
IV
44
V
II
25
XI
VI
47
XIX
II
82
XX
I
87
XIX
I
78
( 131 )
INDEX TO THE GENERA.
Gcmis.
Sesleria 3(5
Slicnirdia *)?
Sibbaidia, 1(>7
Slbthorpia 303
Silenc 219
Sinapis 333
Sison 143
Sistotreina 504
Sisymbihun .. 324
Sisymbrium .... —
Siuni 142
Smyrnium 153
Solanum 105
Solidagb 303
Solorina 522
Sonclius 3()3
Sorbus 238
Sparganium .... 410
Spartiuin, 342
Spathularia .. . 600
Spergula 220
Sphajria 557
Sphceria —
Spbajrobolus. .. 562
Spha'rocarpus .. 510
Sphccrocarpus ., —
Sphicrophoron 550
Sphagnum 476
Spiloma 520
Spirsea i 241
SplacLinum 483
Spumaria 574
Scacliys 1^1
Staphylea 161
Staiice 165
Stellaria 220
Stenionitis 570
Stercocaulon.... 540
Sticta 640
Stipa 43
Stratiotes 261
Subularia 307
Swertia, 123
Symphytum.... 81
T.
Tainari^ 162
Tamils 440
'I’anacuium 53^1
Targionia 511
Taxus 455
Tct'sdaliu 313
Tutraphis 482
Teiicrium 272
Thaliclrum 264
Thflcphora .... 50f*
riiclotrema .... 532
Thesium 115
riilaspi 314
class.
Ord.
Page.
Ill
II
«
IV
1
i;i
V
V
2y
XIV
II
61
X
III
42
XV
11
67
V
11
26
XXIV
X
121
XV
11
65
XV
II
67
V
II
26
V
II
27
V
1
20
XIX
II
62
XXIV
IX
HI
XIX
1
76
XII
Hi
48
XXI
HI
80
XVII
IV
70
XXIV
X
122
X
IV
45
XXIV
X
116
XXIV
X
117
XXIV
X
117
XXIV
VH
108
XXIV
X
119
XXIV
IX
115
XXIV
VI
104
XXIV
IX
HI
XII
IV
49
XXIV
VI
105
XXIV
X
118
XIV
1
59
V
HI
28
V
V
28
X
HI
43
XXIV
X
119
XXIV
IX
115
XXIV
IX
113
III
II
11
XIII
VI
64
XV
I
6;i
V
H
23
V
I
17
V
HI
23
XXII
V
98
XIX
II
80
XXIV
VII
108
XXII
XIII
99
XV
1
64
XXIV
VI
105
Xiv
I
67
XIII
VII
55
XXIV
X
122
XXIV
IX
113
V
1
22
XV
1
64
Geuns.
Thiaspi —
Thrincia 367
Thymus 287
Tilia 256
Tillaea 74
Tofieldia lOO
Tordylium 130
TormeiUilla .... 246
Toriula 487
Tragopogon .... 360
Tiemella 604
Trichia 577
Trichia —
Trichoderma .. 586
Trichouianes .. 471
Tiichonema . .. 18
Trichostomum . 403
Tricntalis 195
Trifolium ^6
Triglochin 192
Triticum 51
Trollius 268
Tuber 565
Tubercularia. .. 561
Tulipa 175
Tulostoraa 660
Turritis 331
Tussilago 300
Typha 418
U.
Ulex .*344
Ulmus 121
Ulva 516
Urceolaria 536
Uredo 584
Urlica 426
Usnea 555
Utriculaiia 11
V.
Vaccinium 100
Valeriana 16
Variolaria 534
Vaucheria 510
Vella 306
Verbascum .... lol
Verbena 274
V^eronica 0
WiTircaria 520
Viburnum 150
Vicia 350
Villarsia 88*
Vinca 116
Viola lUO
Viscum 445
W.
VVeissia 401
Woodsia 470
Class.
Ord.
Page
XV
I
63
XIX
I
76
XIV
1
69
XHl
I
53
IV
HI
16
VI
HI
34
V
II
24
XH
V
52
XXIV
VI
105
XIX
I
76
XXIV
X
122
XXIV
X
118
XXIV
X
119
XXIV
X
119
XXIV
IV
104
111
1
125
XXIV
VI
106
VH
1
35
XVII
IV
72
VI
HI
34
HI
H
12
XIH
VI I
56
XXIV
X
117
XXIV
X
H7
VI
I
30
XXIV
X
118
XV
H
66
XIX
11
81
XXI
HI
89
XVII
IV
70
V
11
23
XXIV
VHI
HO
XXIV
IX
113
XXIV
X
119
XXI
IV
93
XXIV
IX
116
H
I
3
VHI
1
36
III
I
4
XXIV
IX
113
XXIV
via
lit
XV
i
63
V
I
20
XIV
1
57
II
I
•>
XXIV
IX
112
V
HI
27
XVII
IV
71
V
1
125
V
1
22
V
1
20
XX H
IV
98
XXIV
\ 1
106
XXIV
IV
104
( 132 )
INDEX TO THE GENERA.
Genus. Class. Ord.
rage.
Genus.
Class.
Ord. Page.
x.
Z.
Xanihium ..
...427 XXI V
93
Zannichella
... 417
XXT
I 89
Xvloma .. ..
... 659 XXIV X
117
Zostera
... 4
I
I 1
}Lylostronia ,
... — XXIV X
123
Zygodon ....
... 497
XXIV
VI 107
INDEX OF ENGLISH NAMES
( 1.33 )
INDEX OK ENGLISH
NAMES.
A . Page.
Page.
Page.
Abele
98
Berry-chickweed 42
Bur-marygold
. 80
Adder’s Tongue
101
Bciony
58
Burnet
. 14
ARnric
120
Bilberry
36
Burnet, garden ......
. 94
Agrimony
40
Bindweed
19
Burnet-saxifrage
.. 27
Alder
92
Bircli
94
Bur-parsley
. 24
Alt -liouf, or ground-ivy
5H
Bird-cherry
48
Bur-reed
. 89
Alexanders
27
Bird’s-eye
18
Bur-weed
. 93
Alkanet
17
Bird’s-foot
72
Butcher’s-broom ....
. 97
All-good, or peren.
Bird’s-foot trefoil
73
Bmier-bur
. 81
goose-ldoi
22
Bird’s nest
4(1
Butter-Cups, or crow
All'seerf
12
Birth-wort
88
foot
. 5.5
All-sutd, flux-seed ....
16
Bistort
37
Buiter-wort
Aloe, water, or water-
Bitter-sweet, or woody
soldier
SJ
night-shade
2U
c.
Ainaruntlt
93
Bitter-vetch
71
Cabbage
. 66
Apple
48
Black-berry, or com-
Calammt
. 59
Archangel, or <lcad-
inon bramble
51
Calathian-violet, or
nettle
58
Black Brv'ony
98
marsh-gentian ....
. 23
Arrow-grass
34
Black Horehound
59
Camline, or gold of
Arrow-dead
93
Black-thorn or sloe....
48
pleasure
. 63
Asarabacca
uw
Ash
‘)
28
70
Asp, or Aspen
9S
Bladder-snoui, or
Campion
. 44
Asphodel
31
hooded milfoil
3
Canary-grass
. 6
Av'ens
52
Bleaberry
Candy-lult
Avens, mountain
52
Blight
119
Caraway
. 27
Awl-wort
63
Blinks
12
Carline-thistle
. 79
BUie-bottle
84
Carnation, or clove
B.
Bluets
12P
pink
. 42
Bald-money, orspignel
Bog-moss
104
Carrot
. 25
lovage
25
Bog-rush
4
Catch-fly
. 42
Balm
69
Borage
17
Catch-fly, German ...
. 44
Balsam
20
Box
93
Cat-mint
. 57
Bane-berries, or herb-
Brake
i03
Cat’s-ear
. 78
Christopher
53
Bramble
51
Cat’s-foot, or everlast
Barbeny
33
Branks, or buck-wlieat
S7
ing
Base-rocket, or wild
Briar, sweet
.50
Cat’s-milk, or sun-
mignonette
46
Bristle-fern
104
spurge
Basil
Bristle-moss
107
Cat’s-tail-grass
. 6
Bastard Balm
59
Brome-grass
10
Celandine
. 53
Barley
12
Biooklime
2
Celery
27
Barren-wort
14
Brookweed
21
Centaury
. 21
Beam, white
48
Broom
70
ChatV-weed
. 14
Bear-beiries. or red-
Broom-rape
62
Chamomile
. 83
trailing arbutus ....
40
Bruise-wort, or soap-
Champignon
120
Beard-grass
7
wort
41
Chanterelle
. 121
Beardless-moss
105
Bryony
93
Charlock, or chadlock b7
Bear’s-foot. orslinking
Bryony, black
93
Chetse-rennei, or
hellebore
56
Biickbean,or bog-bean
18
yellow bedstraw ...
. 13
ly
14
. 48
Bee nettle, or large-
Buck -thorn
21
Chervil
26
flowered hemn-neille 58
Buck-wheat
37
Chesnui
94
Bee-orchis, or ophrys
87
Bugle
57
Chiekweed
43
Beech
94
Bugloss
18
Chickvveed, berry
42
Beet
23
BuUace
48
Cliickweed, jagged...
12
19
5
duckweed, mouse-ear 46
Bent-grass
7
Bumblekiles, or com-
Chive
30
Berry-bearing Alder,or
mon bramble
51
Cicely, or sweet
alder-lcuv. Buckthorn
21
Burdock
78
chervil
t VM
IXDKX OF ENGLISH
Page.
Page.
Cinquefoil
61
(’ross-wort
13
Cinquefoil, maisli ....
62
Crow -foot
55
Clarv
3
('row-garlick
3(1
Claver, or spotted me-
Cuckow-flow er, or rag-
dick
Ti
ged robin
44
Cleavers, or goose-grass 14
Cuckow-puU
93
Clothiir, or burdock..
7«
Cndbear
113
Cloud -berrv
61
Ciul-w'tcd
80
Clove- pink
42
Cup-fern
1(13
Clover, or trefoil
72
Currant
21
Clown’s All-heal, or
marsh woundwort ..
59
D.
Club-moss
101
riaffodil
30
Cluh-rush
4
Uaisv
83
44
Cock’s-foot grass
9
Dandelion
76
Cock’s-head, or milk
Danc-wori, or dwarf
vetch
72
elder
28
Codlins and cream, or
Darnel, or rye-grass ..
11
great willow herb....
36
Deadly nightshade ....
20
Cole, orrape
b'l;
Dead-nettle
58
Colewori, or sea cab-
Dcad-iongue, or hem-
baee
fi7
lock dropwort
26
Colt’s font
«1
Deril’s-bit
13
Columbine
64
Dewberr>'
51
Comfrev
17
Dittander, or pepper-
Cone-m'ouibed moss .
105
wort
63
Coral -root
88
nock
33
Coral- wort
65
Dodder
23
Cord-moss
107
l^og’s grass, or couch
12
(Coriander
26
Dog’s mercury, or mer-
Corn-blight
119
curv
98
Coni-blue-botile
S-l
Uog’s-iail-grass
9
Corn-cockle
44
Dog-wood, or cornel..
14
Cornel
14
Dropwort
49
Cornish money-wort .
61
Dropwort, water
26
Corn-marygold, oryel-
Dry-rot
121
83
3
Corn-sallad
'4
Dulse i
109
Cotton-grass
5
Dutch or while clover
72
Cotton-thistle
79
Dutch rushes, or rough
Cotton-weed
60
horse-tail
101
(’ouch-grass
12
Dwale, or deadly niglit-
Covr-bane
26
shade
20
Cow-berrj’
36
Dyers’-weed
46
Cow-parsley
27
Cow-parsnep
25
E.
Cowslip
18
Earth-moss
104
Cow-wheat
60
Earth-nut
25
Crab-apple
48
Eglantine, or sweet-
Crake-beriy, or crow-
briar
60
berry
Elder
28
Cranberry
Elecampane
82
Crane’s-bill
68
Elm
23
Ciess-rocket
63
Enchanter’s niglitsliade 2
Cress, wall
m
Eryngu
24
.wart, or swine’s
64
Evening primrose ....
36
65
81
winter
65
Everlasting-pea
71
PQ'J'I'.
Extinguisher moss.... 106
Eye-bright 60
F.
Feallier-foil, or water-
violet 18
Feather-grass 11
Feather-moss lOH
Felvvort
Fennel 27
Fern, common, or
brake 10.1
Fescue-grass 9
Feverfew
Ficld-maddei lo
Fig-wort 61
Filmy fern, or leaf'..., 104
Fir 94
Fhg, sweet 32
Flax 28
Flax-seed 16
Flea-bane 81
Flea-wort K1
Flix-weed 6o
Flower-de-luce, or iris 4
Flowering-fern, or Os-
mund-royal 102
Flowering-rush 3‘J
Fluellen, or toad-flax 61
Fly fungus, or amanitai20
Fly-orchis, or ophrys.. 87
Fool’s-parsl'^y .\... 26
Forget-me-not, or scor-
pion-grass 17
Fork-moss I(,f6
Four-toothed-moss.... 10.)
Fox-glove 61
Fox-tail grass 6
Fringe-moss I(!6
Frilillary 30
Frog-l)it po
Fumitory 70
Furze 70
Furze, needle, or green
weed 70
G.
Oiilangale 4
fJalr 98
Gardeu-bunu't 94
(iarlick 30
Gentian o.’l
Oentiiinella 14
Germander 57
Gill, or ground ivy .... 58
Gladwyn, or stinking
iri.s 4
Gland-moss 105
u u
( 135 )
( INDEX OF ENGLISH NAMES.
i
Page.
Glass-wort, or iniusli-
samphire ^1
Globe-flower *’^6
Globe-lichen H-'i
Goal’s-bearcl 76
Goldcn-rod 82
Golden-saxifrage 40
Gokl-of'pleasure 63
Goldy-lt)cks 80
Goo(i King Henrjs or
perennial goose-foot 22
Gooseberry 21
Goose-foot 22
Goosr-grass 14
Goose-tongne, or sneeze-
wort 84
Gorse, or furze 70
Gout-weed 27
Grass, arrow 34
barley 12
beard 7
bent 7
broine 10
canary 6
cat’s tail 6
cock’s foot 9
cotton 6
couch or dog . 12
— dog’s tail 9
— ' ' feather 11
— fescue 9
— fox-tail 6
goose 14
hard 11
— hair 7
— hare’s-tail 11
knot 37
lyme 11
mat 6
meadow 8
melic 8
millet 7
moor 8
oat 11
panick 6
pepper 104
quaking 9
rye, or darnel .. 11
scorpion 17
scurvy 64
soft 8
vernal 3
wheal 12
whitlow GH
Grass-of parn.issus .... 28
Grass-poly, or hyssop-
leaved lythrum 46
Grass- wrack 1
Green-weed 70
Page.
Grim-the-collier, or
great orange hawk-
weed 77
Gromwell 17
(>round-ivy 58
Ground-pine 57
(iroundsel 82
Guelder-rose 27
Gypsie-wort, or water
horehound 3
H.
Hair-fern 104
Hair-grass 7
Hair-moss 105
Hard-grass 11
Hare-bell 31
Hare*s-ear, or tlrorow-
wax 24
Hare’s-lail-grass H
Hart’s-tongue 103
Hart-won 24
Hasel 94
Hautboy 51
Haver H
Hawkbit 77
Hawks-beaid 78
Hawk-weed 77
Hawthorn 48
Heari’s-case, or pansy 20
Heath 37
H edge -ni ustard 65
Hellebore 56
Helleborine 87
Hemlock 25
Hemlock, water 26
Hemp-agrimony, or
hemp-weed 80
Hemp-nettle 58
Henbane 20
Hen bit 58
Herb-bennet, oravens 52
Herb-christepher 53
Herb-gerrard, or gout-
weed 27
Herb-paris 38
Herb-Uobert, orstink-
ing crane’s-bill 68
High-taper, or great
mullein 20
Hip, or dog-rose 50
Holly 15
Holly, sea, oreryngo.. 24
Hone- wort 26
Honeysuckle 21
Hooded-milfoil 3
Hop 98
Horehound, black .... 59
■ — water .... 3
-wliite .. . 59
Page.
Hornbeam 94
Horn-hver-wort 108
Horned-pondweed .... 89
Horn-poppy 63
Horn- wort 93
Horse-bane, or water-
hemlock 26
Horse-radish 64
Horse-shoe-vetch 72
Horse-tail 101
Hound’s tongue 17
House-leek 47
Hyacinth 31
1.
Jack-by-the-hedge, or
garlick iiedge mus-
tard 65
Jacob’s-ladder 19
Jagged-chickweed .... 12
Juniper 99
Ivy 21
K.
Kale, sea 64
Kidney-vetch 71
Knap-weed 84
Knawel 41
Knot-grass 37
Knot-weed 22
L.
Laces, sea 109
Ladies’-mantle 15
Ladies’-slipper 88
Ladies’-smock 66
Lady’s-bedstraw, or
bedstraw 13
Lady’s-cushion, or
mossy-cushion 41
Lady’s-hnger 71
Lady’s-traces 87
Larkspur 54
Laurel, spurge 37
Lavender, sea 28
Laver HO
Leopard’s-bane 83
Lettuce 76
Lily 125
Lily of-the-valley 31
Lime tree, or linden.. 53
Ling, or heath 37
Liquorice, wild, or
sweet milk-vetch .... 72
London-pride 40
London-rocket 65
Loose-strife 18
Lords and ladies, or
cuckow-pint 93
Louse-wort 60
( 13(5 )
INDEX OF ENGLISH
NAMES.
Page
Pa
Page
Lovatr? 25
Moon-wort
101
Park-leaves, or tutsan
75
Love-in-idleness, or
Moor-grass
8
Parnassus, grass of....
28
pansv
20
Morel
122
Parsley, bur, or stone
74
38
24
Lung-wort
17
Mossy cushion
41
Parsley, cow
27
11
Moiher-of-thyme, or
Parsley, loot’s
26
wild thyme
59
Parsh'v, milk
25
M.
Motherwort
59
Paisie'y-piert, or held
Madder, wild
14
Mould
119
ladies’-mantl •
15
Madder, Held
13
Mounlain-ash
48
Parsiu p
27
17
Mountain-avens
.52
Parsnep, cow
25
Maiden hair
103
Mouse-tar-chickweed
45
' water
26
Makinboy, or Irish
Mo i e-tail
29
Pasque-flower
55
47
61
71
Mallow
69
Mug-weed, or cross-
Pear
48
Man-orchis
86
wort
13
Pearl-wort
16
Maple
37
INlug-wort
80
Pellilory-of-the-wall ..
15
Maie’s-tail
1
Mullein
20
Penny-cress
64
Marjoram
59
Mushroom
120
Penny-royal
58
Marram, or sea-reed..
11
Musk-orchis
87
Penny wort
24
Marsh cinquefoil
fi2
Mustard
67
Pepper-grass
104
Marsh-mallow
68
Mustard, hedge
65
Pepper-wort
63
Marsh-samphire, or
■- - — tower
66
Periwinkle
22
glass-wort
1
Myrtle, wild, or sweet
Persicaria
37
Marygold, coin, or yel-
gale
98
Petty-whin, or needle
low ox-eye
83
green-weed
70
Marygold, marsh
56
N.
Pheasant’s-eye
55
Master- wort
27
Navel-wort
43
Pig-nut, or e'arth-nut
25
5
66
56
May, or hawthorn ....
48
Nep, or cat-mint
57
Pill-wort
104
May-weed
83
Nettle
93
Pimpernel
18
Meadow-grass
8
Nightshade
20
Pimpi.rnel, bastard, or
Meadow-rue
55
Nipple-wort
78
chaft’-weed
14
Meadow-saffron
34
Ndne-so-pretty, or
Pine, or 6r
94
Meadow-sage, or clary
3
London-pride
40
Pink
42
Meadow-sweet
49
None-such
74
Pipe-wort
92
Mealy-tree, or guelder
Plaintain
14
rose
27
0.
Plantain, water
34
Medick
74
Oak
94
Plowman’s-spikenard
81
48
Oak-leather
123
48
8
11
79
Melilot
72
One-berry, or herb
Polypody
102
Mercury
98
paris
38
Pond-weed
15
Men, or spignel-lovage
25
Ofache
100
Poiid-weed, horned .
89
Mezereon
37
Orchdll
113
Poplar
98
Mignonette, wild
46
Orpine
44
Poppv
53
Milfoil, or common
Osier
95
Poppy, horn
53
yarrow
84
Osmund-royal
102
Prickly sainpliire
24
Milfoil, hooded
3
Ox-eye
83
Primrose
18
93
18
36
Milk-parsley
25
Ox- tongue
76
Primrose-peerless, or
Milk-vetch
72
Oyster-green, or com
pale narcissus
30
Milk-wort
70
mon laver
110
Privet
2
Millet-grass
7
Projectile-puff-ball ...
117
Mint
57
P.
Puff-hall
118
Misseltoe
98
Pffony
54
Purslane
33
Milhridate-mustard ..
64
Paigle, or cowslip
18
18
6
Money-wort, cornish
61
Pansy
20
( 137 )
INDEX OF ENGLISH NAMES.
Page.
O.
Quaking-grass 9
Qinrken, or mountain-
ash
48
Quill wort
104
R.
Radish
l'7
KaBKi^d-robin
44
Kag-wort
82
Rampion
19
Ramsons, or broad-
leaved garlick
.10
Rape
66
Raspberry
.61
Kaille, vc'llow
60
Red-shanks, or tilkea
)6
Reed
II
Reed-mace
89
Rest-harrow
70
Rib-wort, or rib-grass
14
Roan-tree, or moun-
tain-ash
48
Rock-cress, or Ba’istol
wall-(ress
66
Rocket
6.6
Rocket, cress
63
64
Rock-brir
11.')
Rose
49
Rose- root
98
Rue, wall
103
Rupture-wort
•*•>
Rush
39
Rush, flowerina
39
32
Kye-grass, or darnel .
11
S.
SafTron
4
Saifron, meadow
34
Sage, meadow, nr clary
3
wood, or german-
der
57
Saintfoin
72
Saint John’sw'orl
7!>
Saint I’eter’s wort, or
square St. John’s wort 75
Sallow
97
Sallow-thorn
98
Salsa fy
76
Salt-weed
22
Salt-wort
93
Samphire
2o
Samphire, marsh, or
glass -wort
1
Samphire, prickly ....
94
Sand-wort
43
Sanicle
94
Page.
Satyrlon, see Orcliis and
Cymnadenia 86
Sauce-alone, or garlick
hedge- mustard 6r>
Saw-wort 7S
Saxifrage 40
Saxifrage, golden -10
Scabious Id
Scabious, sheep’s 10
Scorpion-grass 17
Scotch fir 94
Screw-moss lo5
Sciirv^'-grass 64
Sea-heaiU 3d
Sea-kale 64
Sea laces 109
Sea-lavender 2H
Sea-rocket 64
Sea-spurrey 43
Sea-whip-cord 110
Sedge 89
Seggram, or ragwort .. 82
Seli-heal 60
Sengreen, or golden
Saxifrage 40
Sept-foil, ortormenii! 52
Service-tree 48
Shate grass, or rough
horse-tail 101
Sheep's bit, or scabious 19
Shepherd’s needle, or
needle chervil 26
She(>herd’s purse 64
— staff*, or
teasel 13
Shield-fern 102
Shore-weed 92
Silver-weed 51
Simpler’s joy, or ver-
vain 57
Simson, or groundsel.. 82
Skirret, or water-pars-
nep 26
SkuH-cap 60
Sloe 48
Smallage, or wild-celery 27
Snake-weed 37
Snap-dragon 61
Sneeze-wort 84
Snow-drop 30
Snow-flake 30
Soap-wort 41
Soft-grass 8
Soldier, water 54
Solomon’s seal 31
Sorrel 3^1
Sorrel, wood 44
Sow-bane, or red goose-
foot 22
Page
Sow-bread 18
Sow-thistle 76
Spear-won 55
Speedwell 2
Sperage, or sparagus .. 31
.‘Spider-orchis, orophrys87
Spider-wort 31
Spigiiel 25
Spikenard 81
Spindle-tree 21
Spleen wort 103
Spoon-wort, or scurvy-
grass 64
Spurge 46
Spurge-laurel 37
Spurge-olive 37
<;nnrr.,ir A\
Spurrey, sea
43
Squill
31
Squinancy^-wort, or
small wondrutf
13
Stalked puff-ball
118
Siar-of-6etlilehein ....
30
Star-thistle
84
Star wort
89
Star-wort, water, or
star-leaf
1
Stink-horn
120
Slitch-wort
43
Slock
66
Stone-crop
44
Stone-fern, or rock-
brake
103
Stone-parsley, or bur-
parsley
Stork’s-bill
94
68
Strap-wort
28
Strawberry’
61
Sirawberry'-tree
40
Succorv
78
Sulphur-wort
96
Sun-dew
99
Sun-fern, or pale-poly-
pody
102
Sweet-briar
60
Sweet-flag
32
Sweet-gafe
98
Svvine’s-ercss, oi wart-
cress
64
Svcaniore
37
T.
Tamarisk
28
Tangle, ortingered-
fucus
109
Tansy
80
Tare
72
Teasel
13
lender-tway-blade ....
88
( i;w )
INDEX OE ENGLISH
NAMES.
Pf/ce.
Page,
Pa
ae-
7i»
71
Whin, or fnrze
/O
Thorn-apple
.... --’u 1
Vetclding
71
Wlrite-lieani
48
L>4
20
White-horehouml
5'J
.. 108
18
Wliiie-rot, or penny-
Tlirili
.... '.’a
Viper’s-bugloss
18
wort
24
Thrujn-wort, or water-
Virgin’s-bower, or
White-thorn, or liaw-
plantain
... ;(4
tfavcllei’s-joy
55
thorn
48
Tlivine
... 6'J
White-tootlied-moss .
100
Timotlw-crass, or cal’s
W.
Whiilow-grass
63
tail-crass
d
Wake-robin, or cuckon
-
Wliortle, or blea-berry
36
Toad-ilax
.... til
pint
93
Willow
95
•>»
00
30
Toad-crass, orbulTonia 15
Wall-flower
00
Wing-moss
100
76
65
Tooth-wort
tiO
WalUriie
103
Winter-green
40
Tormeiuil
... 5-'
Water-can, or yellow
Woad
04
Touch-me-not, or vel-
water-lilv
53
Woodbine, or honey-
low balsam
Water- cress
6.)
suckle
21
Tower-mustard ...
()d
Water- drop-wort.
20
Woodrutf.
13
Traveller’s-jov
55
Water-hemlock
20
Wood-rush
32
Trefoil
.... TX
Water-horehound ....
3
Wood-sage, orgerman
‘1 ree-jniilow
.... GO
Water-lily
53
der
57
True-love, or herb
paris 138
Water-milfoil
93
Wood-sorrel
44
Trutbe
.... 117
Water-moss
107
Wormwood
80
. . :3o
26
59
Turkey-pod, or wall
Water-plantain
34
Wych-elm
23
cress
w
Water-soldier, or aloe
54
Wymote, or marsh-
Tuik’s-cap lily ...
1'.'5
Water-star-leaf, or
mallow
68
Turnip
66
star-wort
1
Tutsan
Water-violet
18
Y.
Tway-blade
87
Water-wort
38
Yarrow
84
04
60
V.
Wart-wort, or sun-
Yellow- water-lily
53
4
46
Valerian, Greek,
or
Wayfaring-tree, or
weeil ’
46
Jacob’s-ladder .
19
mealy guelder-rose
27
Yellow .wort
30
Vernal-grass
... . 3
Weasel-snout
58
Yew
99
Vervain
57
Wheat-grass
12
X x
'0 i'.
Ii0*»u** ,
(•’-{•u.'W I
UlMsVf
i«VN.MfYL>. M (
t ^ .l-Ml'te-r* t»W i
5 ,;i*i ■•<■'
¥#
-. .•.,,-< •' •wnB'AiW
-rf-A ^ '«rw>tM'#(f
« ^;A...«.,., %4Pf*
<Aii> . .s~a * — .
vuv*<f ^
^-, *• • IkMV ll ?* V
»aua «-i
' •■ li - « ^ t
r
.1 -
. >..
- . '0J
« I
n •
ERRATA.
Class I. In the table of Generic Cliarartcrs, Genus 1, after “ entire,”
and Genus .I, after “ .side,” for a ('omma put a Period.
Page 2, (ienus 0, Species 4, for “ few. How,” road few-flow.
■4, IH, .I, after “ triandrous,” for a Comma put a
Colon.
20, 5, after “ clustered” put a Cmmna.
11. In the niarp^in before Genus Ki.A'MUs insert 49.
27. Gen. In9, for VinEltXfM,” read VlliiritNUM.
48 240, Spec. 3, Irefore “ 298” put an *.
tl4. Gen. COROXOI’US. In the margin, lor “ 317” read 3!fi.
84 and HTi form hut one folio.
80. Gen. 40.'), second division, for one “ * ” put **.
Class XXII. Generic Characters, Order VI. for “ Rumen ” read
Rumex.
XXIV. Generic Characters, Order VI. Genu.5 47.') and 5 follow-
ing Genera, dele the Point after “ Lid.”
In the running title of the next page but one, for “ Or-
der IV.’^read Order VI.
Pace 117. Gen. -oHO, for “ Xemasroua,” road Xaemaspora.
Gen. 568, S])ec. 1. In the Column of references to figures,
insert 321.
124 616, Spec. 1, for “ Pcr.s. Lyn.” renA Pers. Syn.
123 88*, I, dele Point alter Menyunthen and
for “ nymphopoides” read nymphseoides.
The Genera 328. Mathiola, 361. Helminthia, 367. Thrincia, and 368.
Apargia, ought to have been referred to Ilortus Kewenii.^.
,• tOM.'! J.
~ ‘ .►
■* - Hi .»i,i .a
i »it« -'H' '■» ^
* 4» ** V,(*i4 •
fiMi I
•»•!•»*»- • •» w'% Jt ....„.»,
* .mJUi
■MMirf^ » ?>., 'W^ ** •♦ niu .*
•in 'Vt«««*'/Hr ••«••> ••»•*< *41 i*f J|
.•<'»i»*y4r'rw» ,« i .Mil
* ^*•>1 '^V ^
w . ^ ^ ial •«H>i’|W !»., i»
. H ^ ’ V* ’T‘^ . »i '>«o ■ jm
^ lY — '.irt* ,i»fM».<,;"' »i.-^.> .Hi,* Mfcj >
-^■<H .: 4y .^1 ,y
M MriH i.. ( » tVj tii^«4f* w( ,
** m ,'-» • l«4 9l^ •• *sl
fv MI«<tP(«
• ^t-WAilk)^ i*, Imrr ,iii»e jiIS>-,r|;
«» "■ • <->ft»0 ^ 1*1 -I f i*.^.»l«ii .iiQ
.fitf^^Wi >.
ji^&...<v te.i ” ,i .*wv«‘ y t* .»^ ,..« •mr
'"'5 -n«H^%u • .Hm *i**>^ 4*^ J -..,-,*u3 441
UMHw 'tf intf •
185 W ^**d^ fi^ JA 4ie
• i >• m? H •*>*) »m4 .»i >4^»i »"T^A
A DICTIONARY
OF
BOTANICAL TERMS.
B. The numbers between the brackets refer to the corresponding numbers on
the margin of the pages throughout the volume, where the word explained will be
illustrated by reference to a plant.
Abortive, barren
Acerose, chatfy
Acicular, needle-shaped
Aciniform, scymeter-shaped
Aculeate, prickly
Acuminate, tapering to a point (118)
/. cute, sharp (22)
Aggregate, many flowers included in one
common calyx (3/6)
Alate, winged
Androgynous, bearing male and female
flowers, distinct from each other on
the same root
Angular, having edges or corners
Annual, living only one year
Anomalous, irregular
Anther, the summit of the stamen, con-
taining the pollen
Apetalous, without petals (188)
Appressed, squeezed close (327)
Approximate, near together (155)
-Vrborescent, becoming w’oody (339)
Arborcus, woody and permanent (211)
Arcuate, bowed, bent like a bow
Articulated, jointed
Ascending, bending upwards from a hori-
zontal direction (9)
Attenuated, growing slender
Auriculated. ear-shaped
Awn, or beard, a sharp process, issuing
from the chaff in corn and grasses
Awnless, without beard (25)
Axillary, flowers iSce. proceeding from an
angle formed by a branch with the stem
(16)
Barren, abortive, flowers incapable of pro-
ducing perfect seeds
Base, that part of the leaf &c. nearest to
the branch or stem
Beaded, granulated
Beaked, projecting like the beak of a bird
Bearded, beset with parallel hairs, ortufts
of hair
Bicapsular, having two capsules
Biennial, plants which continue alive two
years
Bifid, two-cleft or cloven
Bifarious, pointing from opposite sides (377)
Bilabiate, blossom with two lips
Bilocular, having two cells
Binate, in pairs
Bipartite, deeply divided into two parts
Bipinnate, doubly-winged (136)
Biternate, doubly three-fold (140)
Bivalve, two valved
Border.the upper spreading partof a mon-
opetalous flower
Bowed, bent inwards
Bractea, floral leaf, may often be mistaken
for the calyx, but is more permanent
(285)
Bulbiferous, flowers succeeded by bulbs,
instead of seeds (173;
Bulging, swollen out
Calyptra, veil, covering the anther of mosses
like a hood (501)
Calyx, the outer covering of the flower
Campanulate, bell-shaped
Canaliculate, channelled
Cancellated, latticed
Capillary, hair-liko
Capitate, growing in heads (426)
Capsule, a membraneous hollow seed vesse
Carinated, keeled
Carnose, fleshy
Cartilaginous, gristly
Catkin, flowers and chaff arranged on a
long slender stalk like a cat's tail (418)
Caud ate, tailed
Caulescent.havingastem (332)
r V
dictionary of botanical terms.
Cell, the hollow in a caiisule lor lodging
the seed
Central tlorets, those wliich occupy tlie
middle part of a compound flower
Chalf, the dry calyx of corn and grasses
dilate, fringed (59)
Cirri, tendrils (.560)
Cirrose, terminating in a tendril
Clavateil, club-shaped
Claw, the lower narrow part of the petal
in flowers
Cleft, divided into jiarts
Climbing, plants which support and raise
themselves by other bodies
Club-shaped, thinner at the base than the
termination
Coadunate,. joined together at the base
Coarctate, compact
Coated, composed of layers, as the bulb
of the onion
Cochlcated, snail-shaped
Column, the central pillar in a capsule
Columnar, like the shaft of a column
Common fruit stalk, bearing several flowers
Compact, growing close, and as it were
pressed together
Complicatc-carinatc, doubly keeled (502;
Compound flowers, consisting of many flo-
rets or little flowers (118)
Compressed, a stem having the two opposite
sides, plain or flat
Conduplicate, folded, or doubled together
Confluent, running one into another at the
base
Congested, heaped together
Congregated, crowded together
Conjugated leaf, a pinnate leaf with only
one pair of leaflets
Connate, united at the base (55)
Connivent, converging or approaching
Converging, applied to the corolia,when the
tips of the petals meet so as to close the
flower
Convoluted, twisted spirally
Cordate, heart-shaped (9)
Cordate-lanceolate, heart. spear-shaped (95)
Coriaceous, leather-like (215)
Cornute, horn-shaped
Corolla, blossom
Corona, crown
Corymb, a bunch of flowers supported on
separate foot-stalks (9)
Costated, ribbed
Cotyledones, seed-lobes
Crenate, scolloped (2/8)
Crenato-serrulated, linely notched (9)
Crested, having an appendage like a crest
or tuft
Crinite, hairy
Crown, a seed &c. to which the calyx adheres
, Cruciform, cross-shaped
Cucullate, cone-shaped
Culm, straw (22;
Cuneiform, wedge-shaped
Curtain,the calyx of aganc's and boleti
Caspidate, prickly pointed
Cyathiform, glass-shaped
Cylindrical, round without angles, like a
walking stick
Cyme, tuft (224)
Cymose, tufted (105)
Deciduous, falling oir (108)
Declining, bent like a bow with the arch
downwards
Decompound, doubly compound, or contain-
ing within a common calyx, smaller
calyxes common to several flowers
Decumbent, lying down (287)
Decurrent leaf, having its base running
down the stem (101)
Decussated, crossed at right angles
Deflected, bowed or bent down
Deltoid , trowel-shaped (315)
Dentate, toothed (86)
Denticulate, set with little teeth (87)
Dichotomous, forked (16)
Didymous, double (316)
Diffuse, spreading (59)
Digitate, tinger-like (266)
Dioiceous, male and female flowers, glow-
ing on diflorcntplants(156)
Dipetalous,of two petals
I tiphyllous, two leaved
Disk, the whole surface of aleaf or flower
Divaricating, straddling (118)
Diverging, making a right angle
Drupe, a milky seed vessel, containing a
nut orstone
Duplicate,doubled
EchinatcJ, set with prickles
Elliptic, oval (426)
Elliptic-lanceolate, narrow oval (301)
Emarginatc, notched at the end
Ensiform, sword-shaped (180)
Erose, gnawed
Exerted, ]irotruded , opposed to inclosed
Extra-foliate, growing under the tc.av(i.s
Fanna,see Pollen
Fascicled, bundled (217)
Fastigiate, flat topped
Favose, honey-combed
Feathered, downy
Female flowers, containing pistils but no
stamens
Fibres, woody strings or nerves
Filament, the thread-like part of a stamen
support ingthe anther
Filiform, thread-shaped (199)
Fimbriated, fringed
Fistulous, hollow
niCTlONARY OF BOTANICAL TERMS.
Flexiinse, zi^-zair, winding
Floral leal, the leaf next the flower some-
times mistaken I'orthe calyx
Floret, Iheseiiarate little flower of an ag-
gregate flower
Foliaceous, leafy
Frond when the stem, root, and leaf, are
all in one, as in ferns and fuci{462)
Fruit-stalk, a stalk hearing flowers but not
leaves
Fruiticose, shrnh-like
Fuliginous, sooty
Furcated, forked
Furrowed, marked with deep lines longitu-
dinally
Fusiform, spindle-shaped (332)
Genicnlated. knee-jointed
Germe, or seed bud, the rudiment of the
fruit yet in embryo
Gibbous, bulging (2S7)
Gills, the thin plates on the under sideof a
mushroom
Glands, secretory vessels
Glandular, formed of glands (90)
Glaucous, grey blueisb green (210)
Globose, globular
Glomerate, flowers growing close together
in a globular form (118)
Glume, busk (22)
Granulated, bearded
Hastate, halbert-shaped (105)
Hastate-siiiuated, jagged halbert-sbapcd
(118)
Harbaceous, succulent and tender, in oppo-
sition to woody (1)
Hermaphrodite flowers, containing both
stamen and pistils
Hirsute, rongh with strong hairs
Hispid, bristly (278)
Husk, dry semi-transparent membranes,
forming the calyx and blossoms of
grasses
Imbricated. tiled (108)
Imperfect flowers, such as want either an-
ther or pistil, or both
Incise, serrated, gashed (9)
Incrassated, thickened upwards
Incumbent, leaning or resting against
Incurrud, bowing inwards
Indented, hollowed or deeply scolloped
Inflated, distended, blown up (278)
Inflet ted, bent inwards
Infundibuliforni, funnel-shaped
Iiiteniodc,thc space between the joints (1)
(S7&)
I ntra foliaceous, within the leaves
Involiicrum,tbeealyx of an umbel
Involiuret, a partial involucrum (234)
Involuted, rolled inwards
Interrupted, divided by intervals of smaller
flowers (280)
Keeled, bent like the keel of a ship or boat
Labiated,havinglips
Laciniated,jagged (400)
Lactescent, milky
Liiminated, the flat surface of leaves lying
close upon each other
Lanceolate, spear-shaped (59)
Lanceolate-ovate. speai-cgg-sha|ied (91)
L. ateral, growing from the side (90)
Leaflet, or little leaf, one of thesingle leaves
of a compound leaf
Legumen, |)od
Lenticular, spherically convex on both sides
Liil, a cover to the capsules of mosses
Lignose, woody
Limb, the upper flat broad part of the petal
is called the limb (86)
Linear, strap-shaped (95)
Linear-lanceolate, strap spe.ar-shaped (281)
Linear-ob-ovate, strap egg-shaped (106)
Lincated, streaked
Lip, the upper or under division of a gaping
blossom
Lobed, divided nearly half way down into
lobes (93)
Lucid, transparent
Lunated, crescent-shaped (442)
Lyrate, lyre-shaped (lUO)
M. ale flowers,-— flowers containing st.amens
but no pistils
IMargiuate, bordered (120)
Mid- rib, the principal nerve in a leaf
Monopetalous, (flower) the whole in one
petal
Monophyllous, one leafed
Monospermou3,one seeded
Mueronated, sharp-pointed at the end (59)
Multangular, many-cornered
Muricated, covered with sharp points
Navicular, boat-shaped
Nectai7, honey cup, a part of a flower de-
signed to secrete and contain honey(174)
Neutral flowers, without stamen or pistils
and producing no seeds
Node, knot
Ohconic, inversely conic (1 )
Obcordate, inversely heart-shaped (111)
Ob-ovate, inversely egg-shaped, that is, with
the small end downwards (59)
Obsolete, indistinct
Obtuse, blunt (22)
Octofid, eight-cleft
Operc\ilum, lid
Orhiculate, round and flat
Osseus, hard as bone
Ovate, egg-shaped (9)
. Ovate-lanceolate, egg-spear-shaped (278)
! Ovato-oblong, egg-shaped
Ov.ato-suliulate, egg-awl-shaped
Palate, the inner part of the jiiouth of
gaping blossoms
ULCTIONAllY OF IJOTAMCAL TERMS.
Paleaceous, chaffy
Palmate, hand-shaped (■129)
Panduriform, fiddle-shaped
Panicle, an assemblage of flowers growing
upon subdivided fruit stalks, as in oats
and some grasses
Papilionaceous, butterfly-shaped
Papiliose, pimpled
Parasitical, growing on some other plant,
noton tlie ground
Partial, expressiveof a part, not of the whole
Partite, divided
Patens,expanding
Pectinated, comb-like
Pedate, bird-footed
Pedicle, a partial peduncle, or little fruit
stalk (88)
Pedunculate. growing on a fruit stalk
Peduncle, fruit-stalk (98)
Peltate, target-shaped (126)
Pendulous, hanging-down (111)
Pentagonal, live-cornered
Pentapetalous, tive-petaled
Pentaphyllous, live-leaved
Perennial, continuing for several years
Perfect flower, having both stamens and
pistils
Perforated loaf, full of small holes very
apparent when held up to the light
(359)
Perfoliate, the stem passing through the
leaf(128)
Perianth , cup or calyx
Pericarp, seed vessel (102)
Perichoetial-leaves, leaves surrounding the
base »f the fruit stalk in mosses (499)
Permanent, applied to calyxes &c. remain-
ing on the plauttill thefruitis ripe
Personate blossom, gaping
Petaliform, resembling a petal
Petals, the coloured leaves which consti-
tute the blossom
Petiolate, having leaf-stalks
Petiole, a leaf-stalk (277)
Pilous, the cap of a fungus (589)
Pilose, hairy
Piunatilid, feather-cleft (368)
Pinnated, winged, a compound leaf formed
of several little leaves fastened to each
side ofit (94)
Pinnulate, when each pinna is subdivided
Pistil, a part of the flower standing in the
centre and composed of the germ, style,
and summit
Pitted leaf, when the surface lies in hollows
Plaited, folded like a fan
Plicate, plaited
Plumose, feathered (88)
Pod, a seed vessel
I’ollen, the dust contained in the anther of
flowers
Polypctalous, many-petaled
Projecting, appearing above the corolla (17)
Procumbent, trailing (9)
Proliferous, when one blossom grows out
of another (184)
Prominent, projecting
Prostrate, lyingon the ground (1654
Protruding, standing out of the blossom
Pubescent, covered with soft wool or hair
(101)
Punctated, dotted
Quinate, growing in fives (243)
Raceme, buncli (764
Radiate, compound flowers in which the
florets in the centre differ from those of
tlie circumference
Radical, issuing immediately from the root
(95)
Radii, the outer florets of a radiate com-
pound flower
Ramose, blanched
Receptacle, the base upon which the other
parts of a flower are placed
Reclining, bent downwards so that the point
of the leaf is lower than the base
Recurved, curved downwards
Reflected, bent back (59)
Reniform, kidney-shaped (230)
Ropens, creeping
Replicated, folded or plaited
Reticulated, veined like net-work
Revolute, rolled back (92)
Retroflexed, distorted (87)
Rhomboid-triangular, three cornered dia-
mond-shape (118)
Rhomboid-ovate, egg-diamond shaped (118)
Ringent, gaping (108)
Root-leaves, leaves proceeding immediatel v
from the root without the intervention
of a stem
Rostrate, beaked (506)
Rotate, wheel-shaped
Rugose, wrinkled
Runcinate, notched (324)
Rundle,see Umble
Sagittate, arrow-shaped (319)
Salver-shaped, a blossom tubular at bottom ,
flat ami expanding attop (124)
Scaber,roughlike afile (121)
Scape, stalk (86)
Scions, shoots (100)
Scariose, skinny (401)
Securiform, shapediike an a.xo
Semibifid, half-cleft (219)
Semicylindrical, half a cylinder divided
lengtiiwise (118)
Seminal leaves, arising immediately frona
the seed-lobes
Serrated, toothed like a saw (426)
Serrulated, very minutely serrated (220)
Sessile, sitting(277)
niCMONAllY OF COTAMOAL TERAJt:.
Setaceous, liristle-sliaped (28?.)
Setose, bristly
Sexangular, six-sideJ
Shaggy, rougli with stiff hairs
Slieath, a membrane investing a stem or
br.anch(22)
SIirubl)y, perennial with several woodv
stems
Silicule, a little pod (3‘l(!)
Siliqne, pod t324)
Simple, undivided
Sinuated, indented (103)
Sinuate-dentate. indented and toothed (1 18)
Sitting, leaves having no leaf-stalk, or
flowers without a fruit-stalk
Solitary, single (00)
Spadix, sheathed fruit-stalk (433)
Spathe, sheath
Spat ulaie, battledore-shaped (214)
Spike, sessile flowers placed alternately on
each side of the fruit-stalk (0)
Spiklet, a little spike (420)
Spike-stalk, the long stalk on which the
flowers grow; strip an car of wheat,
what remains is a spike-stalk
Spindle-shaped, gradually tapering
Spinose, thorny
Spiral, twisted like a cork-screw
Spokes, the fruit-stalks of flowers collected
into umbels
Spur, shaped like the spur of a cock (414)
S<|uamose, scaly
Stamens.long slender bodies placed in the
flower cup round tlie pistil
Standard, the upright petal of a butterfly-
shaped Idossom (3o0)
Stellate, starry, leaves surrounding the
stem in a whirl
Stem-leaves, growing immediately upon
the stem
Stoloniferous, putting forth suckers (144)
Sterile, barren
Sigma, the summit of the pistil (420)
Stipitatc, standing on a pedicle
Stipule, small leaves or scales at the base
of the leaf stalk (Itio ’
Strap-shaped, long and narrow
Striated, scored with slender lines
Style, the middle portion of the pistil, con-
necting the stigma with the germ
Subeymose, somewhat tufted (118)
Subramose. a little branched
Subscrraled, somewhat serrated (278)
Subulate, awl-shaped (22'J)
Succulent, juicy
Suljsessile, almost sessile (1 21)
Suffruticose, somewlnat w;>ody
Summit, the top of the pistil
Suture, seam
Sword-shaped, long, narrow, and |ioiiite,l
Target, a circular kind of fruelilicatioii on
some lichens
Tendril, a spiral shoot (310)
Termin.al, ending a branch or stem (108)
Ternate, leaves, growing three together
from the same point (S8)
Tesselate, chequered
Tiled, one leaf or scale partly covering ano-
ther
Tomentose, cottony(15'J)
Trapeziforme, a flat leaf having lour un-
equal sides
Trifid, three-cleft (17)
Trivalved, three valvoil
Truncate . lopped (2S2)
Tunicate, coated
Turbinate, top-shaped
Umbel, a compo-ition of flowers, in which
a number of slender fruit-stalks |)io-
cecd from the same centre, like the
spokes of an umbrella (131 )
Uncinate, hooked at the end
Undatc, waveil
Undul.ateil, wavel (05)
Unequal floiets, when those in the ciicuni-
terenee of an umbel, arc larger than
those in the centre
Ungulate,hoof-shaiied
Univalve, one valved
Ureeolate, pitcher-shaped
Vaginate, shcarhed
Valves, the several pieces which compose
a capsule, also the leaflets composing
the calyx and corolla, in grasses
Veil, the calyx of mosses
Ventricose .distended
Verrucose, warty
Verticillate, growing in whirls (182)
Vcsciclcs, bladders
Villouse, soft-haired (278)
Volva, wrappei-
Whirls, leaves or flowers, surroundirig tiic
stem in a ring (287)
Wings, the lateral petals of a tuttei fly-
shaped blossom
Winged leaf, formed of many little leaves
growing from each side the .stalk
Wing-cleft, a leaf cut deeply down fhe
middle
Woody, opposed to herbaceous
fVoolly, clothed witli a pubescence rese.n-
bling wool
Wrapper, a lough membrane, entirelv in-
vesting some of the fungi in their
young stale (S')’)
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CLASSES AND ORDERS.
CLASSES.
Munaiulria, (from movo? one, ami ai»up a
male) the first class, coinprebending
plants with one staiium only
Diandria, (from d<rtwo, and u^»Ip a male)
]dants with two stamens
’rriandria, (from Tpct^ three, and ak»ip a
male) plants with three stamens
Tetrandria (from T6<r<Tapc9 four, and aurjp a
male) plants with four stamens
Penlandria, (from ttcvtc five, and avep a
male,) plants with five stamens
Hexandria, (from ef six, and Qi>ep a male)
plants with six stamens
Heptaiidria, (from CTrra seven, and avep a
nmle) plants witli seven stamens
Octandria, (from oktw eight, and avep a
male) plants with eight stamens
Enneandria, (from Iviea. nine, and avfp a
male) plants with nine stamens
Docandria, (from dcKa ten . and avep a male)
plants with ten stamens
Dndecandria, (from iwoeKa twelve, and
avep a male) plants with twelve sta-
mens
Icosandria,(from eUoa'i twenty, and avep a
male) plants with twenty stamens
Polyandria, (from ttoAm? many, and avep a
male) plants with many stamens
Didynamia, (from die two, and di'va/ily
power) plants with four stamens, two
longer and two shorter
Tetradynamia, (from Tccrafpc? four, and
dvva/itc power) i>lants witli six stamens
fimr longer, and two shorter
Monadelphia, (from movo? one, and
abe\<po^ a hrotherhood) plant.'- with
the stamens all unileil
Diadelphia, (from 6*? two, and ahe\<j)ot a
hrotherhood) plants with the stamens
in two bodies
Polyadelphia, (from ttoXi’? many, and
*ad6X0of a hrotherhood) plants with
the stamens in three, ormore parcels
Syngenesia, (from <ri/v together, and-^eveo-jr
generating) plants with the anthers
united into a cylinder
Gynandria, (from -ji/vn a woman, and avep
a male) plants in which the stamens
grow upon the pistil
Montecia, (fioni ^ovor alone, and oiKot a
ln'usc, plants producing male and
female flowers separate, on the same
individual
Didcia, (from two, and oiKor a house)
plants producing male and female
flowers on distinct individuals
Polygamia, (from TroXi/? many, and avep a
male) plants bearing hermaphrodite
flowers, with male or female flowers,
or both
Cryptogamia, (from «pi/7i-T(o to hide, and
7aMo? a marriage) plants in which the
inictiflcation is concealed
ORDERS.
•Moiiogynia, (from novo^ alone, anil iwn a I
female) plants with one pistil only
Digynia,(from Sit two, and a female)
plants with two pistils
Trigyiiia, (from Tptlr three, and invif a
female) plants having three pistils I
'I etragynia, (from tc (nrept, four, and
a female) plants with four jiistils
Peiitagyiiia, (from Trevre five, and ,een a
femalelplauts with five pistils
Heptagyiiia,(l'rom mra seven, and yvm a
female) iilaiUswith seven pistils
ORDERS.
Decagyiiia, (Irom Jena ton, and ita/n a
female) plants with ton pistils
D.ideoaeynia, (from Mcku twelve, and
lem’ a female) plants with twelve
pistils
I’olyjrynia, (from TroXer many, and Yarn a
female) plants with many pistils
tjymnospermia, (from YaMooc naked, and
awepiia seed) plants with four naked
seeds
Anaiosperaiia. (from ayaor a vessel, and
antpiia seed) plantsof the 14th class,
in which the seeds are enclosed in a
capsule
isilieulosa, (the dim. of si/iqiia a pod)
plantsof the 1,'lth class in which the
seed vessels are generally roundish
Siliquosa. (fi'om .viVii/ad a pod) plants of
the l.ith (dass.in which the seed vessel
is very long
Ihilygamia /Equalis, plants of the lOth
ilass, in which all the florets are
perfect, and the whole llower regular
I’olygamia Suircrdua. plants of the tilth
class, with perfect tiorets in the disk,
and pistilliferoiis Horets in the ray,
hoth bearing seed
Fi lygamia Frustranea. ]>lants of the Utth
class, having perfect florets in the
disk, producing seed, while those in
the ray are imperfect, and without
seed
Polygamia Necessaria^ plants of the lilth
class, having imperfect florets in the
disk, and perfect florets, producing
seed, in the ray
I’olygamia Segregata, plants of the Itlth
class, in which several florets are com-
luchendedin one common calyx, and
forming one flower
Polygamia .Momecia, plants of the 23rd
class, with iierlect .and imperfect
tlowerson the same individual
Filices, (Ferns) plants of the 21th class,
hearing seeds on tiie hack of the
leaves
.Musei, (.Mosses) plants of the 2tth class,
with imperfect flowers, distinct, and
the seeds in a capsule, often covered
with a veil
Alga?, plants of the 2 1th class, having the
seeds either like meal on the stirface
of the leaves, or enclosed in bladders
Fungi, plants of the 24th class, with no
iliscernahle flowers, hut seeds in the
gills, pores, cups, &c.
LIST
OF
BIBLES, NEW TESTAMENTS,
PRAYER-BOOKS AND PSALTERS,
Published in Various Languages
n\ SAMUEL IJAGSTER,
NO. 15, PATLRNOSTER-KOW, LONDON,
With their Prices.
The whole of the Bibles, New Testaments,
and Common IVayers, in the following List,
are beautifully printed iu a novel and useful
manner, each Language containing the same on
evei'y page, so that several opened at one time
in the same place, a most valuable and useful
POLYGLOIT
IS presented, at tlie same time possessing all the
convenience of so many different complete
volumes.
LIST OF BIBLES.
HEBREW BIBLE, printed mt/i the Points.,
from tlie Text of Vanderhooght,
BIBLIA HEBRAICA
V^ersibus.Capitibus et Sectionibus interstincta;
notisque Miisoretarum quas Keri et Ketif ap-
ptdlant, instructaad Editionem Hooghtianam,
accuratissime adoniata. Adjiciuutur Variie
Lectiones, I’entateuchi IIebra;i et Hebrseo-
Samaritani.
£. s. d.
Hebrew Bible, 110
f.5)’yriac New Testament, IOj.]
Hebrew Bible, witli English opposite 1 11 0
Hebrew I»ible, wdth Greek Septuagint 1116
[Or, with Greek and English Test. ICj.]
Hebrew Bible, with Latin opposite 1 10 0
Hebrew Bible, with (ierman opposite 1 10 0
Hebrew Bible, witli French opposite 1 10 0
Hebrew Bible, with Italian opp<»site 1 10 0
Hebrew Bible, with Scripture Harmo-
ny opposite 1 10 0
J'he HEBREW BIBLE, printed without the
Points, is uniform to the edition with the
Points, and equally beautiful.
£ s. d.
Hebrew Bible, without Points, 1 to
*lebrew Bible, with English opposite 1 11 6
{Syriac New 'Testament, IOj'.]
Hebrew Bible, with Greek Septuagint 1 116
{H'ith Greek and English Test. ICj.}
Hebrew Bible, with Latin opposite 1 10 0
) lebrew Bible, with German opposite 1 10 0
Hebrew Bible, with French opposite 1 10 o
Helirew Bible, with Italian opposite 1 10 O
llfhrew Billie, with Scripture Harino
ny oiiposite 1 10 o
Both the above editions of the Hebrew Bible
owe tlieir character for accuracy to the tah*nt
and assiduity of Mr. Henry Jacob and Mr. Ju
dah Dallemaiide. The various Keading.s of
the Hebrew and Samaritan Pentateuch are
given, togetherwith the Masorctic Notes, termed
Keri and Ketib.
The ENGLISH is the authorised Version, ami
is enriched with marginal Ueadiugs, and a
new and very valuable selection of parallel
Texts in a centre column.
The Testimony of the Rev. Mr. Horne, to
the peculiar merit of this woik. is as follows-
Mr. H. alter comparing the different ilegrees
of excellency of Bibles with parallel texts,
he concludes, “ But the most elegant and use-
“ ful of all the pocket editions of the entire
** English Bibles with parallel references, is
“ that published by Mr. Bagster, mid certainly
“ znexi) selection of upwards of sixty thousand
“ references to passages that are parallel.”
— Vide Introduction to the Study of the Holy
Scriptures, by the Rev. II. Horne, v. ii. p. 5C7-
It is worthy of remark, that this Bible is
ffat in shape, and does not exceed 3-fourtlis or
an inch in thickness.
£. s. d.
English Version of the Bible 14 0
English, interleaved with Hebrew Bi-
ble, with Points 1 110
English, witli Hebrew Bible, withtna
Points 1116
[JVith Greek and English Test, IC^.]
English and Latin oppo.site 1110
English and German opposite 1 IJ 0
English and French opposite 1 II 6
English and Italian opposite 1 11 0
English and Spanish opposite 1 IJ 6
English and Script. Harmony opposite* 1 16 O
* The reader is referred to paces 2 aiul S of
thi.s Catalogue for an enlarged account of this
useful Volume.
The SEPTUAGlN'r is printed from B().s*s
edition of the Vatican Text. Jo which is
added, 'I’he Chief of the various J.ectlons of
the Alexandrian Manuscripts, jis edited by
S. Gra BE, of Oxford. ^ ^
Greek Septuagint o lb o
(ireek Septuagint, with New Testament 1 \ 0
Greek Septuagint, interleaved with the
IB'brew. Eoivis 1 116
2
LIST OF BIBLES,
£. s. d.
Greek Septuagint, interleave!! with the
llel>rew- u'itk I*oints ; with the
(»reek New restament added 1 16 U
(ireek Sei>tuagint, interleave!! witli the
uitiiout the Points 1 11 6
Greek Septuagint, interleaved with tlie
W^tbraw^withinit the Points ; with
the Greek New Testament added I 16 0
Greek Septuagint inteiiiaged witli the
EnglLsh 14 0
Greek Septuagint with Iwa,tin opposite 14 0
Greek Septuagint and German opposite 14 0
Greek Septuagint and Frencli opposite 1 4 0
Greek Septuagmt and Italian opposite 14 0
Greek Septragint and Spanish opposite 14 0
Greek Septuagmt and Scrip. Harmony
ojiposite 1 4 0
TESTAMENTS, 4cc.
Tile I TALIAN is the elegant and faithful Ver-
sion of Giovanni UiODATl, Prv/essor of
Divinity.
fl. s. d,
Italian Bible o ii o
Italian and Hebrew, with Points, op-
posite 1 Ilf,
Italian and Hebrew, without Points,
opposite 1116
Italian and English opposite l 116
Italian OldTest. and Greek Septuagint 1 4 0
Italian and Latin opposite 1 6 0
Italian and German opposite l 6 o
Italian and French opposite I 6 0
Italian and Spanish opposite I 6 0
Italian and Scrip. Harmony opposite 1 6 0
The LATIN BIBLE is the Text oftheVuIgate
Version, from the edition of Clement VIII.
£. s. d.
Latin Bible 0 18 0
Latin and Hebrew Bible, with Points,
opposite 1 11 6
Latin and Hebrew, without Pohus, op-
, ^ysite 1 H 6
Latin and English opposite 1 11 0
Litici O. T. and Greek Septuagint opp. 1 4 0
Latin and German opposite 1 6 0
Latin and French opposite 16 0
f^tiu and Italian opposite l 6 0
Latin and Spanish opposite 16 0
Latin and Concordance opposite 16 0
The GERMAN VERSION is that«f Martin
Luther, and is unquestionably tiie most
portable Gemnm Bible tliat has been pub-
lished in England or on the Continent.
£. s. d.
German Bible 0 14 0
German and Hebrew, with Pi/itUi, op-
l*c’*ite 1 11 6
German and Hebrew, without Points,
opiMisite 1 116
German and English opposite 1 11 6
GenujuiO. T. and Greek Septuagmt 14 0
Gerniau, inU rpaged with Latin 1 6 t)
(.iertiijui mid ITench opposite 1 6 0
(Jennau and Italian opposite 16 0
Gei'imin :uid Spanish opposite 1 6 0
German and Scrip. Harm. opix>site 1 6 0
The Flll'NCH VERSION is from the Text
of Joint Prederick OsTEBVALi), printed at
IkLsle, 1819—1820.
£. f.
French Bible 0 14
French and Hebrew\ with Points, op-
iiosite 1 11
French and Hebrew, without
opinisite 1 1 1
Frencli ami English ooposite 1 11
French Old Test, ami Greek .Septn.tgint 1 4
iVeiuh and I-atin oiqiosite 1 6
French ami German opposite 1 6
Freneh ami Itilian opp*>site 1 6
Kreiu b uiul Spanisli opiiosite 1 6
French ami Si . ip, I lannony iipin.sUt | f.
d.
0
6
The SPANISH VERSION is the elegant and
correct Translation of Padre Scio, from
tliat published at Madrid, 1794.-1707, in 16
vols. small quarto
The Translation by Don Philipe Scio de San
Miguel is accompanied with a I-atin \ ersion,
and a copious Commentary, but these are
omitted as incompatible with the plan of the
present publication.
L. s. d.
Spanish Bible 0 14 0
Spiinish and Hebrew, with Points, opp. I 11 6
Spanish and Hebrew, withont Points,
opposite 1 11 6
Spanish and English opposite 1 11 6
Spanish O.T.aud Greek Septuagint opp. 1 4 0
Spanish and Latin opposite 1 6 0
Spanish and German opposite 1 6 0
Spanish and French opposite 1 6 0
.Spanish and Italian opposite 16 0
Spanish and Scrip. Harmony opposite 16 0
As an useful Companion to every one of the
above Bibles, as well as Bibles generally, an
important and laborious work has been pre-
pared. entitled, SCRIPTURE HARMONY,
or Concordance of Parallel Passaces;
being a commentary upon tlie Bible, from
its owm resources : consisting of an exten-
sive collection of references from the most
esteemed editors and commentators. The
whole arranged in the order of theBooksof tlie
Old and New Testaments ; and printed on a
plan ailapted to the English version in the Po-
lyglott Bible, or any other volume of tlia*
w ork ; or equally useful, as a separate work,
for every edition of the sacred text. To whicli
are added, The Chronology of Scripture His-
tory, with the various Readings, which illus-
trate the larger Bibles in general use.
Of this work the Rev. Jlr. Horne speaks
as follows “The contents of this useful com-
ptiation are comprised in three particulars,
\iz. 1. The Chronology, in which Dr. Blay-
iiey is followed, his being deemed the best
fitted hir general utility." 2. I he Various
Bkauinos. in tlie giving o» \\lu»:b great care
0
PUBLISHED BY SAMUEL BAGSTEK.
has been bestowed ; tliese various Readings are
stated to be “printid on a plan which to the
uuleanied reader will he more clear tliaii the
usual method, and which the narr»)w limits of
a margin of a Bible could not admit : in this
the very words of the text are printed at length,
and the various Readings are given in a dif-
fereut type ; so that while both are at one view
befiire the reader for his choice, as the con-
nexion and analogy of faith may direct, the
usefulness of the work is increased, because it
becomes thereby adapted to every edition of
the Bible:” and 3. I'he Scrihturk Kk-
FKiiENCKS— a laborious Compilation of ilAId’
A MILLION of Scripture References, chieriy
from Canne, Brown, Scott, Dr. Blay-
NRY, and the Latin Vulgate, and other
valuable Writers, who have devoted their ser-
vices to this useful mode of illustrating the
Scriptures.” ^
Scripture Harmony 0
Scripture Harmony and Hebrew, with
Points, opposite 1 11 6
Scripture Harmony and Hebrew, roiM-
ont I^oints, opposite 1
Scripture Harmony and English Text 1
Script. Harm.O. r. and Clreelc Septuag. 1
Scripture Harmony and Latin opposite 1
Scripture Harmony anilHemian opp. 1
Scripture Harmony and French opp. 1
Scripture Harmony and Italian opp. l
Scripture Harmony and Spanish opp. 1
s. d.
18 0
11
16
11
6
6
6
6
6
An Edition of the SCRIPTURE HARMONY
is printed in 4to. price £'1. 4j. ; royal 8vo.
£l. 4s. ; or, with the Text on opposite pages,
Cl. 16s.
An INDEX to the BIBLE, in which the Sub-
jects are alphabetically arranged; printed
in 8 forms, to bind up with every size.
Demy 4to. 2s.
Demy 8vo. 2s.
Demy 12mo. 1^. 6d.
Small-size C4mo.U.6rf.
Royal 4to. 2s.
Royal Bvo. 2s.
J'oolscap 8vo. Is. 6d.
Royal ISino. Is. 6d.
'J'his work is also most useful when joined
with mere verbal Concordances, as Cruden,
Butterworth, Brown, and others ; and also with
teztml Concordances, as CrutwelPs and the
Scripture Harmony.
NEW TESTAMENTS.
A SYRIAC NEW TESTAMENT, in the Sy-
riac Character, is at Press, and printing uni*
formly to the Hebrew Bibles.
The Peschito, or Old .Syriac Version, is
printed from Widmanstadfs edition, published
at Vienna, in 1555, collated with an edition
revised under the auspices the British and
Foreign Bible Society. The Apocalypse, and
such of the Epistles, as are not found in the
Peschito, are given from the Philcxenian
Version.
Syriac New Pestiiment
Syriac and English opposite
Syriac and Greek opposite
Syriac and Latin opposite
Syriac and German opposite
Syriac and French opposite
Syriac and Italian opposite
Syriac and Spanish opposite
Syriac and Scrip. Harmony opposite
The GREEK NEW TESTAMENT is printed
from Mill’s edition of the Textns Peccptiis,
with the w'hole of the Readings given by
Griesbaoh, in his own edition of 1805.
Greek New Testament
Greek and Syriac opposite
Greek and English opposite
Greek and Latin opposite
Greek and German opposite
Greek and French opposite
Greek and Italian opposite
Greek and Spanish opposite
Greek and Scrip. Harmony opposite
Latin Testament
Latin and Syriac opposite
Latin and English opposite
Latin and Greek opposite
Latin and (Terman opposite
Latin and French opposite
Latin and Italian opposite
Latin and Spanish, opposite
Latin and Scrip. Harmony opposite
Gejiman Testament
German and Syriac opposite
German and English opposite
German and Greek opposite
German and Latin opposite
German and French opposite
German and Italian opposite
German and Spanish opposite
German and Scrip. Harmony opposite 0
French I’estament
French and Syriac opposite
French and English opposite
French am! Greek opposite
French and Latin opposite
French and German opposite
French ami Italian opposite
l-Yencli and Spanish opposite
French and Scrip. Harmony opposite
Italian Testament
Iialian and Syriac opposite
Italian and Euglish opposite
Italian and Greek opposite
Italian and Latin opposite
Italian and Gennan opposite
Italian and French oppo.site
Italian and Spanish opposite
Italian ami Scrip. Harmony opposite
SUANi.sH Testament
Spanish and .Syriac opposite
Spanish and l.nglish opposite
Spanish and Greek opposite
.Spanish and Litin opposite
•Spanish and Gennan opposite
£.
s.
d.
0
8
0
0
10
0
0
12
0
l>
12
0
0
12
[)
0
12
0
0
12
0
0
12
0
0
12
u
0
5
0
0
14
0
o
10
0
0
12
0
0
10
0
0
10
0
0
10
0
0
10
0
6
10
0
0
5
0
u
14
0
0
10
0
0
12
0
0
10
0
0
10
0
0
10
0
0
10
0
1 0
10
0
0
5
0
0
14
0
0
10
0
0
12
0
0
10
u
0
10
0
0
10
0
0
10
0
0
10
0
0
5
0
0
14
0
0
10
0
0
12
0
0
10
0
0
10
0
0
10
0
1)
10
0
0
10
0
0
5
0
0
14
(1
0
10
0
0
12
0
0
H)
0
n
lo
w
4 LIST OF LIBLES,
C. X. ii.
Spanisli and French opposite. 10 o
Spanish and Italian opposite o 10 o
Spanish and Scrip. Il^rnony opposite 0 10 O
I'.NC Lisn New Testament 0 6 0
I'.nKiish and Syriac opposite 0 11 O
Fniilish and Greek opposite 0 1C o
)'.n«:lisli and Latin opposite 0 U) 0
Kni'Jish and German opposite 0 10 0
Knglish and Freiicli opposite 0 10 0
Faifilish and Italian opposite 0 10 0
I'.n^lisli aiul Spanish opposite 0 10 0
Kiij^lish and Scrip. Harmony opposite 0 8 0
Scini'Ti nE n.\RMONY 0 5 0
Scripturellarmony and Syriac opposite 0 11 o
Scripture Harmony and Fnplish opp. 0 8 0
Scripture 1 larmony and Greek opp. 0 1C 0
S< npt lire Harmony and Latin opposite 0 10 0
.Scripture Harmony and German opp. 0 10 0
Scripture Harmony and lYeucIi opp. 0 10 0
•Siripture 1 larmony and Italian opp. 0 10 0
Scripture Harmony and Spanish opp. 0 10 0
'I'he utility of the Plan in wluch the idrecm-
iiicf i^ihles is published, ij> considerably in-
creaseii by the variety whicli is capable of beiiiK
liurchased, either in single or combined por-
tions, containing any one or more Languages,
as purchasers may require, ’i he same rhode of
distribution has I'eeu observed in the edition of
the Common Prayer as in the foregoing
plan of the Bibles aliove recited ; so that any
combinations of the Bibles, or Prayer-Books,
may be formed : and, as tlie Polyglott Bible
and Prayer-Book are uniformly printed, any
volumes of either of thes€i,\vorks may be bound
up together, or separately in uniform volumes,
as Purchasers may think prope'*.
(t is lioped that this undertaking will advance
Philological Learning, by lessening tlie dirti-
culty of acquiring new Languages, stimulate
to greater devotion, display to Foreigners the
consistent views and soundness of Divinity in
the National Church of ICnuland, and thus the
service of our church lieingmore widely known
would be more generally understood ami ap-
pieciated. J^y the use of such works as are
herein re.ommended, considered .simply in the
iicipiisilion of Language, tlie Studeift makes a
more rapid and more agreeable progress than
l»y any otlier method, and the mind is at the
•'ame time happily habituated in study to the
reception of moral truths and principles, which
are of incalculable importance.
*♦* The New Testaments being printed uni-
tonn to tlie Old re.stameiit. Purchasers who
may have in their possession, tlie New Testa-
ment willioul the C)ld, nr tlie Ohl without the
New, can havetlje same completed, by appli-
cation to the Publisher. j
List of Common Prayers, j
' in riiriinis Lnn/'uiigcs.
I hr (iRF.FK Version is tiuit ipf Iln. Ih rOH I ,
Hffiius rro/'t.Mor of GrtcX' in ('a/nhriii^e; as.
Hi , Dupoit’s work did not include the l-.pistles
■md Gospels as rt-ad iu the ('hurcli. but only
relcrences to them, they are iu this edition
.tddi d, and printed at liiigfh.
The Vsalmxarejroni the •St ptuuginf.
L. s. tl. I
(»n»,i K (’ommon Prayci o (»
(Yeilv and Kuglish opposilt O U* 0
TESTAMENTS, &c.
Gieek ami Modern Greek opposite o 10 ^
Greek and I.iitiu opposite o |o <>
( ireek and German oppo.site o lo 0
Greek ami I Vend) opposite o lo 0
(ireek and Italian opiiosite o ]o 0
Greek and Spanish opposite o lo o
'('he Translation into Modern (iRLRK is
entirely new, by Mr. A. Calro, a native
Greek, of the islaml of ’Zantc. This volume
also contains the Epistles and (^o.^pels at length.
Happy time when the Christian Faith shall
prevail over the ^Mussulman Creed, when the
dominion of tlie British Crowm over the ('Utssic
lands of Greece shall establish consistent views
of religion and order, and give to the .Succes-
sors of an enlightened People the abiding bles-
sings of real religion and Christian morality.
. 0 . .
Modern Greek ('ommon I’rayer 0 5 0
Modern (Jreek and English opposite 0 10 0
Mi>dern Greek and A. Cireek opposite 0 10 0
Modern Greek and Latin opposite 0 10 0
Modern Greek and German opposite 0 10 0
Modern Greek and I’rench opposite 0 10 0
Modern Greek and Italian opposite 0 10 0
Modern Greek and Spanish opposite 0 10 0
The Latin Common Prayer is not entirely
new, it is revised by Dr. C\nEY, and is nearly
a reprint of the edition which was first pub-
lished by IF. Bonyer, with occasional altera-
tions from tlie edition <.*f Mr. Tho/nas Parse/.
s.
if.
Latin Common Prayer
0
5
0
Latin and English opposite
0
10
0
Latin and Greek opposite
0
10
0
T.atin and Motlern Greek opposite
0
10
0
I,atin ami tlerman opposite
0
10
0
Latin and IVench opposite
0
10
0
Latin and Italian opposite
0
10
0
Liitin and Spanish opposite
0
10
0
The highly valued German Translation is
by the Rev. Dr. T. H. W. Kl PER, iChapitrin
of liis Majesty's German Chapel. Jamefst)
and is entirely new, with the exception of the
Psalms, which are froni Taitlier's Version of the
Bible.
d.
German Common Prayer o 5 0
German and I'liglish opposite d U) o
German and Greek opposite o lo o
German and Modern (ireek opposite 10 O
(terman and I.atiii opposite 0 H> 0
German and French opposite 0 10 0
Gefman and Italian opposite O 10 o
German and Spanish opposite O 10 0
The French Version is modern, and has
lieen already published, aud received general
aiiprol)«ition. 'I lic Psalm* are troin the <*dilio»
ol (hte?valirs Tiaiislation, prinled at lun/c,
Ul'JO.
PUBLISHED BY S
£. \ s. (f.
Fkp.NCH Common Prayer 0 5 0
French and F.milUh opposite 0 10 0
I’n nch and ('ircek opposite 0 10 0
I'rench and Moilern Greek opposite 0 10 0
I’remli and l.atin opposite 0 10 0
I rench and German opposite 0 10 0
lYencli and Italian opposite 0 10 0
Fl ench and Spjinish opposite 0 10 0
The I'ransiation or the Common Prayer into
Italian is diiefly from tJie edition of A.
AJontucci and Tj. Valcttiy but revised through-
out. ainl tlie ortl ography corrected.
The Psalms and the Scripture Passages are
from the Frauslation of Diodati \ but a second
sort of the Italian Common Prayer is also kept
for sale, having the Psalms anil Scripture pas-
sages from the Version of Martini.
i , s, d.
It \ LI AN Common Prayer 0 5 0
Italian and l■•n^li^h opposite 0 10 0
Italian and Greek opposite 0 10 0
Italian a::d Mi)dern Greek opposite 0 10 0
Italian Vnd T.atin opposite 0 10 0
Italian and German opposite 0 10 0
Italian ami French opposite 0 10 0
Italian and Spanish opposite 0 10 0
Y he exceiient Rev. Bi anco White is the
Translator of the Spanish. The Psalms are
from Padre Scions Madrid Bible, in 16 vols.
£. s. d.
Spanish C'ommon Prayer 0 5 0
Spanish and English opposite 0 10 0
Spanish and Greek opposite 0 10 0
Spanish and Modem Greek opposite 0 10 0
AMUEL BAGSTEIJ. 5
£. s. d.
Spiinisli and Latin opimsife 0 To 0
Spaiiisli and German opposite 0 JO 0
Spanish and I'rench opjiositc n jo 0
Spanish and Italian opposite 0 10 0
An Edition of the COMMON I’RAYEIt, in
English, being necessary for tlie completion
of this plan, has been printed in a n kw
MANNER, whereby it can be interleaved with
whatever Languages have been, or may iiere-
after be, printed by Mr. Bagster. The
following are always ready prepared for sale.
^ U.
English Common Prayer o 5 0
Fjiglish and Greek oimosite 0 10 0
English and Modern Greek opposite 0 10 0
Engli.sli and Latin opposite 0 10 0
English and flerman opposite 0 10 0
English and French opposite 0 10 0
English and Italian opposite 0 10 0
English and Spanish opposite 0 10 0
An Edition of the COMMON PRAYER has
been published of a very minute form, being
only 4 by 2 and a half inches.
£.
s.
d.
Greek Common Prayer
0
5
0
rsiODERN Greek Common Prayer
0
5
0
Latin Common Prayer
0
5
0
Ger.man Common Prayer
0
5
0
French Common Prayer
0
&
0
Italian Common Prayer
0
5
0
Spanish Common Prayer
u
5
0
An uniform Edition of the English,
from the University or London
press, may be liad to complete
tue set, in 8 vols. price
2
0
0
POLYGLOTT BIBLES AND COMMON PRAYERS.
BIBLTA .SACRA POLYGLOTTA, Teilm
A rchetyposy Versitmesqiie pracipiias ah Eccksia
antiquitvs Teceptcs complectentia. In one ele-
gant volume 4to. 51. 5s.
It comprises the original Hebrew Text «.f the
Old 'Testainei.t, the Samaritan Pentateuch, the
Septuaidnt Greek Version of the Old Testjunent,
the Vulgate I^tin. and the authorised English
Version of the entire Bible, the original Greek
'Bext of the Nt v Testament, and the \enerable
|V«cliito. or old Syriac Version of it.
'The New 'Testament is sold .separately, Price
i/. Ic
pradpi/as ah Ecc/esiis C/iiisiian.'s Imdic rccep-
fas, mtt vulgo opprohatas comjdectcntia. In one
elegant volume 4to. M. 10.?.
This Modern Polyglott Bible comprises Lu-
tl.ers (ierman Version, the I'rcttch Version,
Diodati’s Italian Version, and the Ver-
sion.
Mr. DTBDIN \_See Ubrarv, Companion, p. 10.
1824.] speaks thus of this undertaking : he says,
“ It is due to the enterprising spirit of Air.
“ Bagster, the Bookseller, as well a.s that of
“ liis learned coadjutors, to notice therommo-
" (lions .and highly useful Poi, yg i.ott I’iiii.e,
“ whicli has hixn recently piihlishcd by liirn.—
A good account, of the plan ol this Polyglott
“ may be seen in Mr.Tonn^s liiography of IVal-
‘We;/, vol. 1. PI). 335— .’TPl."
BIBLIA SACRA PoLYfU.OTTA iuiUicc.
Italifo llispauicc, *'t dermanice, teniones
fi LIST Ol PU AYER- HOOKS, &c.
IJl’lMUUA ANGLICAN A I’GLY-
(iLO’J’r^\, sen Liher Prerum Commnvium,
Lathie, Anglice, Gract’, Neo-Gr(i:c€, Italice,
(ial/ice, Hispanice, et Germanice. In one
elegant volume 4to. C/.
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PULPIT, STUDY, AND FAMILY BIBLE.
THE
HOLY BIBLE,
CONTAINING THE
OLD AND NEW TESTAMENTS:
Printed accurately from the Stjindard Folio Edition, Oxford, 1769, with the Various Readings
:«iul Marginal Notes in that Edition; bv Benjamin IjLayney, D.D. Regius Professor ot
Jlcbreu, at Oxford; to which are added, The W HOLE OF TH E PARALLEL PA.SSAGES
whifli are found in tlie following Works: — Mr. John Canne's Bible, 4U). London, I7(X); Bishop
Wilson’s Commentary, edited by CTutwell, 3 vols. 4to. Bath, 1785; Dr. Adam Clarke’s Com-
inentaiy, 7 vols. 4to. Ia>ndoD. 1810. ..25; Rev. J, Brown’s Self-Interpreting Bible, 2 vols.
4to. l ondotj, 1824 : Rev. 'i'homas .Scott’s Commentary, 6 vols. 4to. London, 1824 ; The English
Version ( Pocket Volume) of Bagster’s Folyglott I'lible, London, 1825. The whole syste-
MNTM ALLY ARRANGED BY THE PRESENT EDITOR, ou the Plan adopted by the best
VVriters, but with Improvements, to render Reference more easy, and Illustration more
perfect; with 1*11 1 LOLOC* ICAL AND EXPL^\ N .A I ORY NOFK.S, (printed in tlie centre
of eac'n jiaue,) illustrative of its History, Geography, Natural History, Chronology, Customs.
U.C. derived from Modern Travels, and various learned Commentators and Critics, both
Briti.sn and Foreign.
advertisement.
IN a day when general literature is widely spread, and religious knowledge Is extensively
dilTu''ed, it is superfluous to expatiate on the superior claims and superlative importance of a
Work whk ii has “ (JOD for its Author, Salvation for its End, and T’rutli, without any mixture
of error, for its .Matter.” It is, therefore, only necessary to uiifoKl the peculiar nature of this
comprehensive edition of llie Sacred Volume, wliirh maybe comprised in the following parti-
culars; The Hacred Text ;—'the various Readings ; — the Chronology ; — the Marginal References ; —
and the i^otes.
1. 1 HE Sagrki) Text, is that of the Authorized Version, printed with the utmost accuracy
from the folio edition 1769, by Dr. PiLAYNEY, who, under the direction of the Vice-Chancellor
•lud I >eleL'ates of tlie University of Oxford, corrected the. 'I'cxt to an unexampleii decree of
accurm y, ami mhled to the margin no less than 30,495 new references! This Work has become
the S I'A N l)/\ K D EDI'PION^ from it the present VVork is printed; and, through the care,
time, ami labour bestowed in collating and correcting, we may venture to promise that the
Re'ui*'r .hall have a correct copy of the Sacred T'ext of tlie Authorized Version
S ADVERTISEMENT.
ir. The Various Readinos are fully ami faithfully printed from the Standard Kdition.
III. 'I'm i; C’h ronolog y. (Ireat care lias hteii taken to tix the dates of particular transac-
tions, which has but seldom been done with any decree of exactness, in tlie editions ol the
Jii BLF. liitherto published, d’he present Work will atVord the trratitication of knowing from s.
simple inspection of the central columns, at what time of the Sacred llistoiy those great events
occurred, which have been recorded in the Greek and Roman I listoriaiis,— at least, as far its
these facf» and dates have been ascertained by the best Chronolosjists.
IV. y\iiother distinguisliing feature of this Work is the copious exhibition of Parali.kl
Passages; the whole tiiat have been selected by those laborious and eminent men, whose
names adorn the title of this Work, and whose praise is in the Churches, are now collecteci, and
have been lucidly arranged in the order of .Scripture, suited to each clause of the verse which
they illustrate, and are printed in a novel and perspicuous manner in central double columns.
V. I’o these are added some brief Notes, exclusively philological and explanatory, and
are not tinctured with the sentiments or creed of any sect or party. They are chiefly selected
from the most eminent Uiblical Critics and Commentators, both Hritisli and Foreign; and arc
flesigned to imiirove the Authorized Version, where it lias been conceived to be faulty; to ex-
plai»' wonls which, since the days of our venerable translators, have either become obsolete,
changetl their signiheation, or become less compreiiensive in their import; to elucidate really
dirticidt pa.ssages ; to reconcile or account tor apparent discrepancies, whether in the I listory,
Chronology, or any other department ; to illustrate the ideiis, images, and allusions of the
.Sacred Writers, by a reference to oljjects, idioms, customs, manners, niid laws, which were pecu-
liar to their age or counti-y, or to Oriental nations : to explain, by short notices, the Geography,
Natural History, anil Antiquities of Judea and other Kastern countries; and to furnish brief,
but comprehensive Intiodnction^, embracing a short analysis to each Hook. Nothing of a Doc-
trinal cr^ Contniversial nature will be suffered to enter, neither will practical or devotional
reniarks he admifted, from the conviction that these can be better deduced, by any Christian of
plain understanding, from the Sacred Text itself, with a diligent collation of the Parallel Passages.
'I'he great design of this work is generai. utii.M’y; and this we have endeavoured to
accomplish by presenting, in a convenient form and narrow compass, as m:\ch information as
possible to all classes of Readers. From the immense mass of materials furnished by Ancient
Versions, Jewish Rabbis, Ciiristian Fathers, Roman Catiiolic Writers^ and from the many
learned and liberal Protestant Commentators of evejy denomination, it will be evident that
sacred criticism might be greatly enlarged : the difficulty consisted in selection, comiiression. and
abridgement ; and it is hoped, that this edition of tlie Hoi. Y IH ble svill be found to contain the
essence of Riblical researcli and criticism that lie. dispersed through an immense number ot
volumes. J'hough the Notes lav no claim to Originality, yi t, from their alteration, abriilgement,
and condensation, and frequently from the blending together of the observations of two or more
writers, as well as from want of room, it was found impossible to specify the name of the author
or authors from which they are derived. In fact, this would not only have been attended with
extreme difficulty, but in many cases would have been utterly impossible ; as no class of writers
borrow from each other more freely, without acknowledgement, than biblical critics and com-
mentalors ; and, in many instances, the substance of the information belongs to the common
stock of biblical criticism, and could not, with propriety, be assigned as the property of any
individual.
The arrangement of these various portions of the Work is as follows: The Various
Readings and theNorr.s are referred to by letters of the Greek Alphabet, the latter being
distinguished by the word Sate ; and the References are adverted to by Italic letters. In
the References the order followed is this : the verses are tirst introduced that belong to the
chapter to which the verse under considt ration belongs ; then the chapters in the book itself ;
after wiiicli, all the References are arran^^d from Genesis to Revelation. A period is placed
between chapter and verse ; a comma between verse and verse ; and two dots C..) shew i7..C3 to
mean 17 to 23. When a (.—) is ulaced, it means the Same book that last occui's : thus
Kx. 20. 11.— 31. 17- means V.x. 31. 17- Whenever Roman Capitals are use^t. it shews the wliole
of th.it cliapter to he explanatory : see Lev. 25. .32. where reference is made to Jos. xxi. The
Chronology at the top of a column denotes the proper date of the beginning of tiie column
of text to which it refers: and the Chronolng>' lower in the column relers to the date of the
transaction which is detailed in that verse before the references of which it h placed.
Such are the nature and plan ot this edition of the .Sacred Volume ; which, it is presumeil.
froni the various important objects it embraces, the freedom of its pages from all sectarian pecu-
liarities, the convenience of its form aiui small compass, the clearness and excellence of its ar.
rangement, and the beauty, plainness, and correctness of its typography, cannot till of proving
acceptable and highly useful to Ghristiaus of eveiy deno.nination.
THE FLAN AND TERMS.
This -work is published Imth in Numbers and in Parts. The Kutnbers weekly, and the
PartSf with tiie sam<‘ reuuhirity, every three weeks. I‘'nch Number contains two sheets ipiai to.
Eacl> Part consists of threi* niMnbei>.' As thr work advaiu'es. each succeeding four Parts will
be joined into one, for those who prefer the delivery in such large portions : i. e. twenty-tour
sheets or 192 pages. I. Hie .Small Paper— nearly the size of “ i'uid's .Silver lliblc. " price \il.
each Number, and 1a, each Part, or four Parts in one. for -R. H. The Large P.iper-^lear,
bold Pica type, line deiuy p.tper. Od. each Number, and 1a. Kid. each Part, or four Part^ in one,
for f).v. ill. The L.ng<‘>t Paper— Royal size, ^hi^ is not sold in Numbers, but only in the
Large i’arts, price 10^. The whole will be contained in dl to 90 Numbers, or 2d to :U> .Small
Parts. The Preface, 'Tables, Indexes, N:c. will be occa^ionally printed as tlie work advances.
London : Printed by K N IGIli and HAGSTEK, II, Hartholomew C lose.
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