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BATTLE OF JUTLAND

30th May to
I St June 19 16

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES

WITH APPENDICES

LONDON:
PUBLISHED BY HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE

CONTENTS.

PAGE

Commaader-in-Chief's letter 1396/0022 of 18th June 1916 - - 1

Enclosures to f Commander-in-Chief's Narrative - - 5

letter 1396 0022 j Organisation of Fleet - - - - 33

of 18th June 1 Sinking of Enemy Ships - - - 35

1916. [^Extract from Captain (S)'s Report - - - 42

List of Ships and Names of Commanding Officers - 43

Commander-in-Chief's letter 1415 0022 of 20th Jime 1916 - - 47

List of Enclosures to letter 1415 0022 - - - - 47

Commander-in-Chief's letter of 29th August 1916 - • - 51

Report from " Iron Duke " - - - - 52

Reports from First Battle Squadron - 64—107

Reports from Second Battle Squadron - 1(J8-118

Reports from Fourth Battle Squadron - 119-129

Letter from Vice-Admiral Commanding Battle
Cruiser Fleet, No. B.C.F, 01 of 12th June 1916 - 129
"Report from " Lion " - 143-146

Reports from First Battle Cruiser

Squadron - - - - 146-157

Reports from Second Battle Cruiser

Enclosures
to Home
Fleets'
letter
1415 0022
of 20th
June 1916.

Enclosures
to B.C.F.
letter 01
of 12th
June 1916.

Squadron - - - 157-162

Reports from Third Battle Cruiser

Squadron - - - 163-171

Report from First Light Cruiser
"^ Squadron - - - 172-175

Reports from Second Light Cruiser

Squadron - - - 175-184

Reports from Third Light Cruiser

Squadron - - - 185-191

Reports from Fifth Battle Squadron 192-223
Reports from Destroyer Flotillas

(Battle Crmser Fleet) - 224-269

Reports .frorn Second Cruiser Squadron and " Duke

of Edinburgh " and " Warrior " - - 270-295

Reports from Fourth Light Cruiser Squadron and

" Abdiel," *' Oak," and " Active " - 295-302

^Reports from Destroyer Flotillas (Battle Fleet) 303-340
Commodore (T^s Diary of Events - - - - 341, 342

Captain (S)'s Submarine Report - - - - - 343

Interned Officers' Reports (" Nestor " and " Nomad ") - 344-352

Supplementary fleports from Second and Foiirth Battle Squadrons 353-380

APPENDICES.

I. — Gunnery Reports ..... 381-397

II. — Record of Messages bearing on the Operation - 398-586

III. — Admiral Scheer's Despatch .... 587-600

IV. Letter from Commander-in-Chief dated 30th October 1914

and Admiralty reply dated 7th November 1914 . 601-603

Ill

TABLE OF CHARTS.

In Book.

Nunil)cr fo
Plate.

Battle Plan showing positions of Fleets, 6.40 p.m., 31st May 1916 -
" Iron Duke," 6 p.ra.-9 p.m., 31st May 1916 - - Track

" Marlborough," Port to Port .... Track

' Colossus " . . . . , Track

" Revenge " - - - - - Diagrams

" CoUingwood " - - - - - - Track

" King George V " - - - - - Track

Diagrams illustrating Letter B.C.F. 01 of 12th Jmie 1916 -
Battle Cruiser Fleet, 2 p.m. to 9.24 p.m., 31st May 1916 -
Battle Crviiser Fleet, 9.24 p.m., 31st May 1916 to 1.^30 p.m.,
1st June 1916 ..---.
" Princess Royal "
"Indomitable" ......

" Nottingham " -

" Falmouth "-.---.
Diagrams illustrating action of Fifth Battle Sqi\adron
" Warspite "----..

"Valiant" ......

"Malaya" ... . .

" Attack " -

" Lydiard "--...

" Canterbury " .

"Minotaur," 5 p.m. to dark, 31st May 1916

" Minotaur," Noon, 31st May 1916, to^Noon, 1st June 1916 Track

" Warrior," Diagrams illustrating phases of action

" Porpoise "-....

" Superb " .....

" Orion " -

" Thunderer " -

** New Zealand " and Enemy Battle Cruisers

1
2
3
4
5,6
7
8

Track 10

Track

- Track

- Track
Diagrams

- Track

- Track
Diagram

- Track

11
12
13
14

15
16
17

20
21, 22

25
26 a-g

In Case (British)

Commander-in-Chief's

letter,

Plan of Battle enclosed with

1396/0022 of 18th June 1916
Track of Operations during Night Action . . . -

Track of Operations during Night Action to 2 a.m.
Plan of Battle sent by Commander-in-Chief to Admiralty,
29th August 1916 .---..

Diagram showing Order of Battle Fleet sent by Commander-in-
Chief to Admiralty, 29th August 1916 - . - .
" Iron Duke," 30th May 1916 to 2nd June 1916 - - Track
" Marlborough," 6 p.m. to 8 p.m., 31st May 1916 - Track
Plan of Battle sent by Vice-Admiral Commanding Battle Cruiser

Fleet to Commander-in-Chief, 17th July 1916 -
Second Battle Cruiser Sqiiadron, 2 p.m., 31st May 1916 to
4 a.m., 1st June 1916 - - - - - Track

" Barham " . . . . - . Track

" Duke of Edinburgh " . . - - - Track

Fourth Light Cruiser Squadron .... Track

X 12372 •

la
2a
3a

5a
6a
7a

9a
lOo
11a
]2«

Number of
In Case (German) Plate.

Plan'of Intended operations, 31st May 1916 - - - I.

Submarine Patrol Areas - - - - - - IT.

The Advance on 31st May 1916 .... - III.

Battle Cruiser Action ...--. IV.

Movements of High Seas Fleet — Position of British Fleet - V.

Diagrams of important Phases ..... VI.

Return of the Main Fleet -...-- VII.

BATTLE OF JUTLAND.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

DESPATCH FROM THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF.

No. 139fi/H.F. 0022.

" Iron Duke,"
Sir, 18th June 1916.

Be pleased to inform the Lords Commissioners of the
Admiralty that in accordance -v^ith the instructions contained
in their Lordships' telegram No. 434 of 30th May, Code time '
1740, the Grand Fleet proceeded to sea on 30th May 1916.

2. The instructions given to those portions of the fleet that
were not in company with my flag at Scapa Flow were as
follows : —

To Vice- Admiral Sir Thomas Jerram, with Second Battle
Squadron at Invergordon :—

" Leave as soon as ready. Pass through Lat. 58° 15' N.,
Long. 2° 0' E., meet me 2.0 p.m. to-morrow 31st, Lat. 57°
45' N., Long. 4° 15' E. Several enemy submarines known
to be in North Sea."

Acknowledge.
1930 (Code time)."

To Vice-Admiral Sir David Beatty, Commanding the Battle-
cruiser fleet at Rosyth, with the Fifth Battle Squadron, Rear
Admiral Hugh Evan-Thomas in company : —

" Urgent, Priority.
Admiralty telegram 1740.

Available vessels. Battle-cruiser Fleet, Fifth Battle
Squadron and T.B.D.s including Harwich T.B.D.s proceed
to approximate position Lat. 56° 40' N., Long. 5° 0' E.
Desirable to economise T.B.D.'s fuel. Presume you will
be there about 2.0 p.m. tomorrow 31st. I shall be in
about Lat. 57° 45' N., Long. 4° 15' E. by 2.0 p.m. unless
delayed by fog.

Third Battle Cruiser Squadron, ".Chester " and " Can-
terbury " wdll leave with me. I will send them on to your
rendezvous.

If no news by 2.0 p.m. stand towards me to get in
visual touch.

I will steer for Horn Reef from position Lat. 57° 45 'N.,
Long 4° 15' E.

Repeat back rendezvous.

1937 (Code time)."

3. I felt no anxiety in regard to the advanced position of
.the force under Sir David Beatty, supported as it was by four

X (49)i2>S-2 Wt 24266— p. 1173 5000*90 12/20 E <t S A

BATTLE OF JUTLA^■D

ships of the Fifth Battle Squadron as this force was far superior
in gun power to the First Scouting Group and the speed of the
slowest ships was such as to enable it to keep out of range of
superior enemy forces.

4. The operation, however, showed that the ships of the
Third Squadron of the High Sea Fleet possess an unexpected
turn of speed for at any rate a short period. The " Queen
Ehzabeth " class are nominally 2o-knot vessels. The official
Quarterly Return of British and Foreign War Vessels gives the
" Konig " and " Kaiser " classes a designed speed of 20*5 knots.
I have always expected that they might reach 22 knots for a
short distance, but the fact that the Fifth Battle Squadron was
unable to increase its distance from the German ships when
steaming at their utmost speed comes as an unpleasant surprise
and will have considerable effect on the conduct of future
operations. It is quite evident that all German ships possess
a speed much in excess of that for which they are nominally
designed.

5. When Sir David Beatty sighted the enem}- battle-cruisers
he adopted the correct and only possible course in engaging
and endeavouring to keep between the enemy and his base.
Whether the First Scouting Group was supported or not, his
duty would be to engage and keep touch with the eneni}' vessels
of similar class to his own, so long as he \vas not in manifestly
inferior force. In this case he had a great superiority, and there
could be no question as to his action.

6. The disturbing feature of the battle-cruiser action is the
fact that five German battle-cruisers engaging six British vessels
of this class, supported after the first twenty minutes, although
at great range, by the fire of four battleships of the " Queen
Elizabeth " class, were yet able to sink the " Queen Mary " and
" Indefatigable." It is true that the enemy suffered very heavily
later, and that one vessel, the " Liitzow," was undoubtedly
destroyed, but even so the result cannot be other than unpalatable

The facts which contributed to the British losses were, first,
the indifferent armour protection of our battle-cruisers, parti-
cularly as regards turret armour and deck plating, and, second,
the disadvantage under which our vessels laboured in regard to
the light. Of this there can be no question.

But it is also untloubted that the gunnery of the German
battle-cruisers in the early stages was of a very high standard.
They appeared to get on to their target and establish hitting
within two or three minutes of opening fire in almost every case,
and this at very long ranges of 18,000 yards. The German
vessels appear to use some such system of fire as the Petravic
method as the guns do not go off exactly together, and it
unquestionably gives excellent results. The " spread " for
both direction and elevation is very small and the rapidity of
fire very great.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 3

7. Once we commence hitting, the German gunnery falls
off, but — as shown by the rapidity with Avhich the " Invincible "
was sunk at a later stage — their ships are still able to fire with
great accuracy even when they have received severe punishment.

8. The fact that tlie gunnery of the German battlefleet when
engaged with our battlefleet did not sho\v the same accuracy
must not, I think, be taken as shoAving that the standard is
not so high as with their battle-cruisers, as I am inclined to the
opinion that we then had some advantage in the way of light,
although it was very bad for both sides.

9. The German organisation at night is very good. Their
system of recognition signals is excellent. Ours is practically
nil. Their searchhghts are superior to ours and they use them
with great effect. Finally, their method of firing at night gives
excellent results. I am reluctantly compelled to the opinion
that under night conditions we have a good deal to learn from
them.

10. The German tactics during the action were those which
have alwaj'-s been anticipated, and for which provision has been
made so far as is possible in my Battle Orders. The " turn
away " of the enemy under cover of torpedo boat destroyer
attacks is a move most difficult to counter, but which has been
closely investigated on the Tactical Board. Vice-Admiral Sir
Doveton. Sturdee has rendered me much assistance in the study of
this particular movement and in devising a counter to it. There
is no real counter. Nothing but ample time and superior speed
can be an answer, and this means that unless the meeting of
the fleets takes place fairly early in the day it is most difficult,
if not impossible, to fight the action to a finish. In this parti-
cular case, thanks to the fact that the enemy did not, as far as
can be seen, exjject to find our whole fleet present, there was no
time for him to lay a prepared mine area, and not much time
to place his submarines, although many submarines were present.
It is unlikely that in future operations we shall be so favoured
in this respect, and the element of time will therefore be still
more important. I foreshadowed in my letter of Oct. 30th,
1914, No. 339/HF/0034, in which their Lordships expressed
concurrence, A.L. of November 7th, 1914, M.03177/14,i the possi-
bihty of it being actually necessary purposely to delay bringing
the fleet to close action for some time on account of the possi-
bilities which the mine and submarine give for preparing a trap
on a large scale, and it should be understood that this possibility
still exists and will be increased as the enemy gets stronger
in submarines.

11. It was unnecessary for me to give anj^ special orders
to the flag officers during the action. Events followed the course
that Avas expected. All squadrons and flotillas took up their
stations as directed in the Battle Orders with most commendable

^ See Appendix IV.

A 2

4 BATTLE OF JUTLAND I

accuracy under very difficult circumstances. The torpedo
attacks launched by the enemy were countered in the manner
previously intended, and practised, during exercises, and the
fleet was manoeuvred to close again after these attacks by the
method which had been adopted for this purpose. The handling
of the large fleet was immensely facilitated by the close co-
operation and supj)ort afforded me by the flag officers.

12. One of the features of the action was the large number
of torpedoes that crossed our line without taking effect on any
ship except the " Marlborough." Sir Cecil Burney estimates that
at least twenty-one torpedoes were seen to cross the line of his
squadron. All were avoided by skilful handling, except that
single one, and it is notable that the " Marlborough " herself
evaded seven. Similarly the Fifth Battle Squadron, in rear
of the First Battle Squadron, avoided a considerable number
and other squadrons had similar experiences.

It is of supreme importance to keep from the knowledge
of the enemy the fact that ships were able to avoid torpedoes
by seeing the track, as it would not be beyond the ingenuity
of the Germans to devise a means of preventing any track being
left.

13. The experience and results of the action, particularly
the knowledge v/e now have of the speed of the enemj^'s Third
Squadron, must exercise considerable influence on our future
dispositions and tactics. It will, for instance, not be advisable
in future to place our Fifth Battle Squadron in a position removed
from support. I have these questions under consideration
and will submit my conclusions to their Lordships.

14. A narrative of the action is enclosed.

I am, Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

J. R. JELLICOE,

Admiral.
The Secretary of the Admiralty.

ACTION WITH THE GER^IAN HIGH SEA FLEE.T,
31 MAY-1 JUNE, 1916.

Schedule of Enclosui-es in Home Fleets, Letter No. 1396/H.F. 0022,
dated 18 June, 1916.

Enclosure No. Subject.

1. Narrative of the Action.

2. List of Sliips and Organisations of the Fleet.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 6

Enclosure No. Subject.

r (i) Battle Plan showing position of the respective Fleets. *

„ J (ii) Plan of Battle. 2

I (iii) Track of Operations, ^

L(iv) Tracks of Vessels of H.M. Fleet.^

4. List of Enemy Vessels sunk.

5. Extract from Captain (8.'s)report to the Chief of the War

Staff, No. 0157 of 7 June, 1916, relative to Explosions in
the Minefield laid by " Abdiel," 31 :\Iay-l June, 1916.

Enclosure No. 1 in H.F. letter No. 1,396, dated 18th June 1916.

NARRATIVE.

31st May.

At. 9.30 p.m., " Iron Duke," First and Fourth Battle
Squadrons, Third Battle-Cruiser Squadron, Second Cruiser
Squadron, Fourth Light-Cruiser Squadron, Commodore (F),
Fourth and Twelfth Flotillas, and four destroyers of Eleventh
Flotilla, " Canterbury " and " Chester " left Scapa.

At 10 p.m., the Second Battle Squadron, First Cruiser
Squadron and remainder of the Eleventh Flotilla left Cromarty.

At 10 j).m., ■' Lion," First and Second Battle-Cruiser
Squadrons, First, Second and Third Light-Cruiser Squadrons,
'■' Fearless " and nine boats of First Flotilla, " Champion " and
ten of Thirteenth Flotilla, eight destroyers of Harmch force and
" Engadine," left Rosyth.

At 10.40 p.m., the Fifth Battle Squadron (four ships) left
Rosyth.

A complete hst of the ships present is given in Home Fleet's
letter,* No. 1,395, of 18th June 1916, and in Enclosure No. 2 to
this despatch.

Disposition of the Fleet during the early portion of Z\st May.

31st May.

Disposition of the Scapa force at 6 a.m. on 31 May : —

Battle fleet in divisions, hne ahead, disposed abeam to star-
board, in the order— 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th (Fifth Organisation),

1 Plate 1. 2 Plate la.

^ Note. — Sub -enclosures (iii) and (iv) to Enclosui'e 3 were amended
in October 1916 by the Commander-in-Chief in order to bring the joositions
at 9 p.m. shown thereon into conformity with those sliownon tlie revision
of Sub-Enclosure (ii) that he submitted on the 29th August, 1916
(Plate 4a). The amended veisions are printed in Plates 2a and 3a.
They are identical with the original vei-sions except that they commence
from a shghtly altered geographical position. See page 51.

* Above letter not printed. The despatch published in the Third
Supplement, dated Thtu-sday, 6th July 1916, to the "London Gazette,"
of Tuesday, 4th July 1916, was substituted for it by the Commander-
in-Chief, Grand Fleet. For list, however, see pp. 43-47.

6 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

screened Ijy the Fourth and Twelfth Flotillas; Fourth Light-
Cruiser iSquadron three miles ahead of First and Fourth Battle
Squadrons ; Second Cruiser Squadron and four destroyers spread
five miles apart ten miles ahead of the battle squadrons.
Battlcfleet and Third Battle-Cruiser Squadron :■ — -

The Scapa and Cromarty forces proceeded for the 2 p.m.
rendezvous ordered by the Commander-in-Chief in latitude
57° 45' N., longitude 4° 15' E., but actually met at 11.15 a.m.
in latitude 58°' 13' N., longitude 2° 42' E. The Rosyth force
proceeded for their 2 p.m. rendezvous in latitude 56° 40' N.,
longitude 5° E.

At 2 p.m. on 31 May, the " Dreadnought " battlefleet was
in latitude 57° 57' N., longitude 3° 45' E., in Organisation No. 5,
divisions in hne ahead disposed abeam to starboard in the order —
1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, divisions screened by the Fourth
Eleventh and Twelfth Flotillas ; Fourth Light-Cruiser Squadron
three miles ahead of the battlefleet ; cruisers and destroyers
sixteen miles ahead of the battlefleet, sj)read eight miles apart
on a hne of direction N. 40° E., and S. 40° W., in the order from
East to West :

" Cochrane," " Shannon," " Minotaur," (centre of " Defence," " Duke of " Black
" Hampshire," screen) " Warrior," Edinburgh," Prince."

attached cruisers on the flanks ; Third Battle-Cruiser Squadron
"Chester " and "Canterbury" about twenty miles ahead;
the whole steering S. 50° E., zig-zagging, with a speed of advance
of fourteen knots.

Battle-Cruiser Fleet and Fifth Battle Squadron : —

At 2 p.m., in latitude 56° 46' N., longitude 4° 40' E., course
N. by E., speed 19i knots.

Order : —

" Lion " and First Battle-Cruiser Squadron in single Hne *
ahead, screened by " Chamjjion " and ten destroyers of Thirteenth
Flotilla (" Nestor," " Nomad," " Narborough." " Obdurate,"
" Petard," " PeHcan," " Nerissa," " Onslow," " Moresby,"
" Nicator," " Turbulent," and " Termagant ").

Second Battle-Cruiser Squadron in single hne ahead, three
miles E.N.E. of " Lion," screened by six destroyers of the Harwich
force ("Lydiard," "Liberty," "Landrail," "Laurel," " Moor-
som," and " Morris ").

Fifth Battle Squadron, in single line ahead, five miles N.N.W.
of " Lion," screened by " Fearless " and nine destroyers of
First Flotilla ("Acheron," "Aerial," "Attack." "Hydra,"
"Beaver," "Goshawk," "Defender," "Lizard," and "Lap-
wing ").

Light-Cruiser Squadrons forming a screen astern, eight miles
S.S.E. from " Lion," ships spread on a hne of direction E.N.E.
and W.S.W., five miles apart, in the order from West to East :

•' Southampton," " Nottingham," " Fahiiouth," " Birkenhead," " Inconstant," " Galatea,"
f ' Birmingham," " Dublin," " Gloucester," " Cordeha," " Phaeton."

OFFICIAL DESPATCHJfiS. 7

" Engadine," seaplane carrier, was stationed between " Glou-
cester " and ■ Cordelia."

" Yarmouth " acted as linking ship between " Lion " and
Light-Cruiser screen.

The following is an extract froni a report received from the
Vice-Admiral Commanding Battle Cruiser Fleet, and explains
clearly the course of the action until they joined forces with the
battlefleet : —

At 2.20 p.m. rej)orts were received from " Galatea " indi-
cating the presence of enemy vessels to the E.S.E., steering to
the Northward. The direction of advance was immediatelj'
altered to 8.S.E., the course for Horn Reef, so as to place my
force between the enemy and his base. " Galatea " reported
at 2.35 p.m., that she had sighted a large amount of smoke
as from a fleet, bearing E.N.E. This made it clear that the enemy
was to the Northward and Eastward, and that it would be im-
possible for him to round the Horn Reef without being brought
to action. Course was accordingly altered to the Eastward
and North Eastward, the enemy being sighted at 3.31 p.m. They
ajjpeared to be the 1st Scouting group of five Battle-Cruisers.

After the first report of the enemy, the 1st and 3rcl Light Cruiser
Squadrons changed their direction and without waiting for orders
spread to the East, thereby forming a screen in advance of the
Battle Cruiser Squadrons and Fifth Battle Squadron by the time
we had hauled up to the course of approach. They engaged
enemy Light Cruisers at long range. In the meantime the
2nd Light Cruiser Squadron had come in at high speed and was
able to take station ahead of the Battle Cruisers by the time
we turned to E.S.E., the course on which we first engaged the
enemy. In this respect the work of the Light Cruiser Squadrons
was excellent and of great value.

From a report from " Galatea " at 2.25 p.m., it was evident
that the enemy force was considerable and not merely an isolated
unit of Light Cruisers, so at 2.45 p.m. I ordered " Engadine "
to send up a seaplane and scout to N.N.E. This order was carried
out very quickly, and by 3.8 p.m., a seaplane with FHght Lieu-
tenant F. J. Rutland, R.N., as Pilot, and Asst. Paymaster
G. S. TreAvin, R.N., as Observer, was well under way; her first
reports of the enemy were received in " Engadine " about 3.30
p.m. Owdng to the clouds it was necessary to fly very low, and
in order to identify four enemy Light Cruisers the seaplane
had to fly at a height of 900 ft., wdthin 3,000 yards of them, the
Light Cruisers opening fire on her with every gun that would bear.
This in no way interfered with the clarity of their reports, and
both FHght Lieutenant Rutland and Asst. Paymaster Trewin
are to be congratulated on their achievement, which indicates
that seaplanes under such circumstances are of distinct value.

At. 3.30 p.m., I increased speed to 25 knots and formed line
of battle, the Second Battle Cruiser Squadron forming astern

BATTLE OF JUTLAND:

of the First Battle Cruiser Squadron, with destroyers of the 13th
and 9th Flotillas taking station ahead. I turned to E.8.E..
sUghtly converging on the enemy, who were now at a range of
23,000 yards, and formed the ships on a hne of bearing to clear
the smoke. The Fifth Battle Squadron, who had conformed to
our movements, were now bearing N.N.W., 10,000 yards. The
visibility at this time was good, the sun behind us and the wind
S.E. Being between the enemy and his base, our situation was
both tactically and strategically good.

At 3.48 p.m., the action commenced at a range of 18,500
yards, both forces opening fire practically simultaneously.
Both appeared to straddle the target early, and at 3.51 j).m.,
" Lion " received her first liit. Course was altered to the South-
ward, and subsequently at intervals, to confuse the enemy's
fire control ; the mean direction was S.S.E., the enemy steering
a parallel course distant about 18,000 to 14,500 yards. For the
next ten minutes the firing of the enemy was very rapid and effec-
tive. " Lion " was hit repeatedly, the roof of " Q " turret
being blown off at 4 p.m. Immediately afterwards " Indefati-
gable " was hit by three shots falUng together. The shots
appeared to hit the outer edge of the upper deck in line with
the after turret. An explosion followed, and she fell out of the
line sinking by the stern. Hit again bj'^ another salvo near
" A " turret she turned over and disappeared.

At 4.8. p.m. the Fifth Battle Squadron came into action
and opened fire at a range of 20,000 yards. The enem^^'s fire
now seemed to slacken. It would appear that at tliis time we
passed through a screen of enemy submarines. In evidence of
this a torpedo w^as sighted passing astern of " Lion " from star-
board to port. The destroyer " Landrail " of 9th Flotilla,
W'ho was on our Port beam trying to take station ahead, sighted
the periscope of a submarine on her Port quarter, and at the
same time the track of a torpedo which passed under her and
crossed the line of the Battle Cruisers between " Tiger " and " New
Zealand." Though causing considerable inconvenience from
smoke, the presence of " Lydiard " and " Landrail " undoubtedly
preserved the Battle Cruisers from closer submarine attack,
" Nottingham " also reported a submarine on the Starboard
beam.

" Eight destrovers of the 13th Flotilla, " Nestor," " Nomad,"
*' Nicator," " Narborough," " Pelican," " Petard," " Obdurate,"
"Nerissa," with " Moorsom " and "Morris" of 10th Flotilla,
" Turbulent " and " Termagant " of the 9th Flotilla, having
been ordered to attack the enemy with torpedoes when opportu-
nity offered, moved out at 4.15 p.m. simultaneously with a similar
movement on the part of the enemy. The attack was carried
out in a most gallant manner and Anth great determination.
Before ai-riving at a favoiu-able position to fire torpedoes, they
intercepted an enemy force consisting of a Light Cruiser and 15
Destroyers. A fierce engagement ensued at close quarters, \\ith

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 9

the result that the enemy were forced to retire on their Battle
Cruisers, having lost two destroyers sunk, and having their tor-
pedo attack frustrated. Our destroyers sustained no loss in
this engagement, but their attack on the enemy Battle Cruisers
was rendered less effective owing to some of the destroyers
having dropped astern during the fight. Their position was
therefore unfavourable for torpedo attack.

" Nestor," " Nomad " and " Nicator," gallantly led by
Commander The Hon. E. B. 8. Bingham, of " Nestor," pressed
home their attack on the Battle Cruisers and fired two torpedoes
at them at a range of 6,000 and 5,000 yards, being subjected to
a heavy fire from the enemy's secondary armament. " Nomad "
was badly hit, and apparently remained stojjped between the
lines. Subsequently " Nestor " and " Nicator " altered course
to the S.E., and in a short time the opposing Battle Cruisers,
having turned 16 points, found themselves A^dthin close range
of a number of enemy battleships. Nothing daunted, though
under a terrific fire, they stood on, and their position being
favourable for torpedo attack, fired a torpedo at the second
ship of the enemy line at a range of 3,000 yards. Before they
could fire their fourth torpedo " Nestor " Avas badly hit, and
swung to starboard, " Nicator " altering course inside her to
avoid coUision, and thereby being prevented from firing the
last torpedo. " Nicator " made good her escape, and subse-
quently rejoined the Captain (D), 13th Flotilla. " Nestor "
remained stopped, but was afloat when last seen. " Moorsom "
also carried out an attack on the enemy's battle fleet.

" Petard," " Nerissa," " Turbulent " and " Termagant " also
pressed home their attack on the enemy battle-cruisers, firing
torpedoes at a range of 7,000 yards after the engagement ^^dth
enemy destroyers. " Petard " reports that all her torpedoes
must have crossed the enemy's hne, while " Nerissa " states that
one torpedo appeared to strike the rear ship. These destroyer
attacks were indicative of the spirit pervading His ^lajesty's
Nav}^ and were worthy of its highest traditions. I propose to
bring to your notice a recommendation of Commander Bingham
for the Victoria Cross, and other officers for some recognition of
their conspicuous gallantry.

From 4.15 to 4.43 p.m., the conflict between the opposing
Battle-Cruisers was of a very fierce and resolute character. The
Fifth Battle Squadi*on was engaging the enemy's rear ships,
unfortunately at very long range. Our fire began to tell, the
accuracy and rapidity of that of the enemy depreciating
considerably. At 4.18 p.m., the third enemy ship was seen to
be on fire. The visibility to the North-Eastward had become
considerably reduced, and the outhne of the ships very
indistinct. This, no doubt, was largely due to the constant
use of smoke balls or charges b}^ the enemy, under cover of which
they were continually altering course or zigzagging.

.10 BATTLE OF JL'TLAXD :

At 4.2(i p.m., there was a violent explosion in " Queen
Mary " ; she was enveloped in clouds of grey smoke, and
disappeared. From the evidence of Captain Pelly, of " Tiger,"
who was in station astern, corroborated b}- Rear-Admiral Brock
in " Princess Royal " ahead, a salvo jntched abreast of " Q "
turret, and almost instantaneously there was a terrific upheaval
and a dense cloud of smoke through which " Tiger " passed
barely 30 seconds afterwards. No sign could be seen of " Queen
Mary." Eighteen of her officers and men were subsequently
picked up by " Laurel."

At 4.38 p.m., " Southampton " reported the enemy's Battle-
fleet ahead. The destroyers were recalled, and at 4.42 p.m.
the enemy's battlefieet was sighted S.E. Course was altered
16 j)oints in succession to starboard, and I proceeded on a
Northerly course to lead them towards the Grand Fleet. The
enemy Battle-cruisers altered course shortly afterwards, and
the action continued. " Southampton," with the Second Light
Cruiser Squadron, held on to the Southward to observe. Thej^
closed to within 13,000 yards of the enemy battlefieet, and came
under a very heavy but ineffective fire. " Southampton's "
reports were most valuable. The Fifth Battle Squadron were
now closing on an opposite course, and engaging the enemy
battle-cruisers with all guns. The position of the enemy
battlefieet was communicated to them, and I ordered them to
alter course 16 points. Led by Rear- Admiral Hugh Evan
Thomas, M.V.O., in " Barham," this Squadron supported us
brilHantly and effectively.

At 4.57 ]i.m., the Fifth Battle Squadron turned up astern
of me and came under the fire of the leading ships of the enemy
battlefieet. " Fearless," with the destroyers of the First Flotilla
joined the Battle-cruisers and, when speed admitted, took
station ahead. " Champion " with 13th Flotilla took station
on the Fifth Battle Squadron. At 5.0 p.m., the First and Third
Light-Cruiser Squadrons, which had been following me on the
Southerly Course, took station on my starboard bow; the
Second Light-cruiser Squadron took station on my port quarter.

The Aveather conditions now became unfavoiu*able, our ships
being silhouetted against a clear horizon to the westward, while
the enemy were for the most part obscured by mist, only sho\^dng
up clearly at intervals. These conditions prevailed until AAe
had turned their van at about 6.0 p.m. Between 5.0 and 6.0 p.m.,
the action continued on a Northerly course, the range being
about 14,000 yards. During this time the enemy received very
severe punishment, and undoubtedly one of their Battle-cruisers
quitted the line in a considerably damaged condition. This
came under my personal observation, and was corroborated by
" Princess Royal " and " Tiger." Other enemy ships also
showed signs of increasing injury. At 5.5. p.m., " Onslow "
and " Moresby," who had been detached to assist " Engadine,"
with the seai)lane, rejoined the Battle-cruiser Squadrons and

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 11

took station on the starboard (engaged) bow of " Lion." At
5.10 p.m., " Moresby," being 2 points before the beam of the
leading enemy ship at a range of 6,000 to 8,000 yards, fired a
long range torpedo at the third in their Hne. Eight minutes
later she observed a hit with a torpedo on what she judged to
be the sixth ship in the line. Later analysis of the director
setting indicated a probability of this result. " Moresby "
then passed between the hnes to clear the range of smoke and
rejoined "' Champion." In corroboration of this " Fearless "
reports having seen an enemy heavy ship heavily on fire at about
5.10 p.m., and shortly afterwards a huge cloud of smoke and
steam, similar to that which accompanied the blowing up of
" Queen Mary " and " Indefatigable."

At 5.35 p.m. our course was N.N.E., and the estimated
position of the Grand Fleet was N. 16 W., so we gradually hauled
to the North Eastward, keeping the range of the enemy at
14,000 j'ards. He was gradually hauling to the Eastward,
receiving severe punishment at the head of his line, and probabl}^
acting on information received from his Light-Cruisers which
had sighted and were engaged wdth the Third Battle-Cruiser
Squadron {vide " Indomitable's " report). Possibly Zeppelins
were present also. At 5.50 p.m., British Cruisers were sighted
on the port bow, and at 5.56 p.m., the leading battleships of
the Grand Fleet bearing North 5 miles. I thereupon altered
course to East and proceeded at utmost speed. This brought
the range of the enemy down to 12,000 yards. I made a visual
report to the Commander-in-Chief that the enemy Battle-Cruisers
bore South East. At this time only three of the enemy Battle-
Cruisers were visible, closely followed by battleships of the
" Konig " class.

At about 6.5 p.m., " Onslow," being on the engaged bow of
'■' Lion," sighted an enemy Light-Cruiser at a distance of
6,000 yards from us, apparently endeavouring to attack with
torpedoes. " Onslow " at once closed and engaged her, firing
58 rounds at a range of from 4,000 to 2,000 yards, scoring a
number of hits. " Onslow " then closed to within 8,000 yards
of the enemy Battle-Cruisers, and orders were given for all
torpedoes to be fired. At this moment she was truck amidships
by a heavy shell, with the result that only one torpedo was
fired. Thinking that all his torpedoes had gone, the Commanding
Ofificer proceeded to retire at slow speed. Being informed that
he still had three torpedoes, he closed the Light-Cruiser previously
engaged and torpedoed her. The enemy's Battle-Fleet was
'then sighted at a distance of 8,000 yards, and the remaining
torpedoes were fired at them ; having started correctly, they must
have crossed the enemy's track. Damage in her feed tank
then caused " Onslow " to stop.

12 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

General Position.

At 5 p.m., the position of affairs was as follows :—

" Iron Duke's " position : —

latitude 57° 24' N.,
longitude 5° 12' E.,
course S.E. by S.
speed 20 knots,

in company with the main battlefleet force, cruisers spread,
destroyers screening.

" Lion's " position (to " Iron Duke's " reckoning) : —

lat. 56° 42' N.,
long. 5° 44' E.,
course N.N.W.,
speed 25 knots,

in company with the Fifth Battle Squadron and First and Second
Battle-Cruiser Squadrons. Enemy battle-cruisers bearing from
"Lion" approximately E.S.E. seven miles; enemy battlefleet
from " Barham " about S.S.E. nine miles.

Weather Conditions.

Up to 6 p.m. the weather conditions were wholly in favour
of the enemy. The horizon to the eastward was entirely
obscured by haze, and from the Fifth Battle Squadron when
engaging enemy battleships and battle-cruisers only the flashes
of the enemy guns could be made out. On the other hand, a
strong light to the westward enabled the British sliips to be
distinguished clearly by the enemy.

This is indicated by the photograph^ enclosed, taken from
" Malaya " by Midshipman Gerald W. Norman. The photograph
was taken at about 5.15 p.m. towards the western horizon, the
enemy at the same time being to the eastward. Our destroyers
shown silhouetted against the bright horizon were at least eight
miles distant. The splashes seen in the photograph are from
*' overs " fired at " Malaya " by the enemy's battlefleet.

Movements of the Fifth Battle Squadron.

At 3.30 p.m., when the Battle-Cruiser Fleet formed line of
battle, the Fifth Battle Squadron, consisting of " Barham,'"
" Valiant," " Warspite " and " Malaya," in single line in the
order named, were five miles from the Battle-Cruiser Fleet,
bearing from them N.N.W. and conforming to their movements.

At 3.56 p.m. fire was opened at some enemy hght-cruisers
before the port beam steering about S.S.E. After two or three
salvoes these enemy hght-cruisers turned away eight points
and disappeared out of sight.

1 Not reproduced.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 13

At 4.02 p.m. the British battle-cruisers altered course
gradually to the south-eastward, the enemy battle-cruisers also
turned to the south-eastward. This turn enabled the Fifth
Battle Squadron to gain, and at 4.06 fire was opened by pairs,
concentrating on the two rear ships at a range of approximately
18,000 yards.

At 4.21 p.m. the enemy battle-cruisers opened fire on the
Fifth Battle Squadron, " Barham " being hit shortly after.

At 4.40 p.m., by which time the Fifth Battle Squadron was
heavily engaged with the enemy battle-cruisers, enemy destroyers
were observed to be attacking, and were driven off by our light-
cruisers and destroyers attached to the Battle-Cruiser Fleet.
The squadron was turned away by Preparative -flag, and torpedoes
were observed to cross the line, one ahead and one astern of
" Vahant."

At 4.50 p.m. our battle-cruisers, having previously turned
to the northward, crossed the line of fire.

At 4.53 the Fifth Battle Squadron turned sixteen points to
starboard in succession by signal from the " Lion " (the enemy
battle-cruisers having also turned to the northward).

At 4.55 the enemy's battlefleet was sighted, bearing S.S.E.,
steering to the Northward, distant about 17,000 yards.

" Barham " and " Valiant " continued to engage the enemj-
Battle-Cruisers while " Warspite and " Malaya " fired at the
head of the enemy's battlefleet.

At about 5.25 p.m., the squadron increased to full speed.
During this period the light was very much in favour of the
enemy and firing from the Fifth Battle Squadron was very
intermittent, whereas a heavy but ineffective fire was received
from the leading enemy battleships.

At 6.06 p.m., " Marlborough " was sighted, and the Fifth
Battle Squadron turned to form astern of the line at 6.18 p.m.

Up to this time " Barham " had been hit six times by battle-
cruisers, " Vahant " was not hit. " Warspite " had been hit
twice by either battle-cruisers or battleships. " Malaya " had
been hit seven times aU by battleshi23s.

Progress of the Action.

Continuous reports were received in " Iron Duke " of the
above reported movements. The Fleet was informed that the
enemy battlefleet was coming North, and a wireless signal made
to the Admiralty that a fleet action was imminent.

Movements of the Third Battle-Cruiser Squadron.

Turning now to the movements of the Third Battle-Cruiser
Squadron. This squadron was originally stationed twenty miles
ahead of the battlefleet, " Chester " (Captain Robert N. Lawson)
acting as linking ship between the squadron and the cruiser
line, " Canterbury " (Captain Percy M. Royds) being abreast
of the squadron.

14 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

At 4..") p.m.. the Commander-in-Chief ordered the Rear-
Adiniral ( "ouiiiiaiKling. Third Battle-Cruiser Squadron, to support
the battle-cruiser fleet in action sixty miles to the soutlnvard in
l)osition latitude 56° 53' N., longitude 5° 33' E., the Rear-
Admiral being informed that the enemy's course was reported
to ))e H. 55° E., at 3.50 p.m. The Third Battle-Cruiser Squadron
was at the time to the eastward, having turned to intercept the
eneni}^ vessels reported by the First Light-Cruiser Squadron at
2.45 p.m., as steering North from position latitude 56° 52' N.,
longitude 5° 35' E. The Third Battle-Cruiser Squadron altered
course to S. by E. and worked u}) to full speed.

At 5.30 p.m., " Chester," which was five miles X. Hr W. of
the Third Battle-Cruiser Squadron, reported to " Invincible '* by
searchlight that she had heard firing and seen flashes of gunfire
to the southwestward and turned to investigate. At 5. 30 p.m.,
" Chester " observed a three-funnelled enemy light -cruiser with
destroyers. An engagement ensued at about 6,000 yards, the
enemy being reinforced by two, or possibly three, more light-
cruisers. " Chester " turned to N.E., chased by the enemy
ships, which had obtained the range and were inflicting consider-
able damage on her.

At 5.40 p.m., the Third Battle-Cruiser Squadron, which until
then had been steering about S. by E. sighted enemy cruisers to
the westward and turned to about W.N.W. It is apparent that
the Rear-xA.dmiral Commanding, Third Battle-Cruiser Squadron,
was misled by the difterence in reckoning between the l)attlefleet
and battle-cruiser fleet and had gone too far to the eastward,
actually crossing ahead of the two engaged battle-cruiser
squadrons until meeting the enemy advanced cruisers. At
5.52 p.m., the Third Battle-Cruiser Squadron and " Canterbury "
engaged three enemy light-cruisers which were then administering
heavy punishment to " Chester," " Shark " (Commander L. W.
Jones), " Acasta " (Lieutenant-Commander J. 0. Barron),
" Opheha " (Commander L. G. E. Crabbe) and " Christopher "
Lieutenant-Commander F. M. Kerr), and at 6 p.m., one of the
enemy light-cruisers was observed by all three ships of tlie Third
Battle-Cruiser Squadron to blow up. During the engagement,
" Shark " was sunk, and " Acasta " severely damaged.

At about 6.10 p.m., the Third Battle-Cruiser Squadron
sighted the battle-cruiser fleet, and at 6.21 p.m., took station
ahead of the Vice-Admiral Commanding, Battle -Cruiser Fleet,
in " Lion," the " Chester " then taking station astern of the
Second Cruiser Squadron and remaining with that squadron for
the night.

On taking station ahead of " Lion," the Third Battle-Cruiser
Squadron engaged the enemy's leading battle-cruiser, which
vessel returned the Are, and at 6.36 p.m. " Invincible "* (Captain
Arthur L. Cay, flying the flag of Rear- Admiral the Hon. Horace
L. A. Hood) blew up. The cause was possibly the same as that
suggested in the case of " Indefatigable." " Lion," proceeding

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 15

at full speed, drew ahead, the Vice-Admiral, ordering the Third
Battle-Cruiser Squadron to take station astern of his line.

Disposition and Movements of the British Battlefleet mid
Cruiser Squadrons.

At 5.4 p.m., the attached cruisers were ordered to take up
approach stations.

The cruiser line at this time was sixteen miles aliead of the
battlefleet, the ships being stationed from port to star) ward as
follows : —

Cochrane," '•' Shannon," "Minotaur," "Defence," " Duke of Edinburgh," " Black Prince "

" Warrior,"

" Hampshire " (linking ship).

cruisers in the screen being eight miles ajjart, centre of the screen
bearing S.E. by S.

At 5.40 p.m., heavy firing was heard ahead by " Minotaiu-,
and soon afterwards ships were seen in the mist and were
challenged by " Minotaur." " Cochrane " and " Shannon "'
were recalled by the Rear- Admiral Commanding, Second Cruiser
Squadron, and formed into line, the signal being made to engage
the enemy. The conditions were exceedingly difficult for making
out ships, but the strange vessels on replying to the cliallenge
were ascertained to be the Third Battle-Cruiser Squadron (Rear-
Admiral the Hon. Horace L. A. Hood).

At 5.52 p.m., Rear- Admiral Sir Robert Arbuthnot, in
" Defence," signalled that the battlefleets would shortly be
e.igaged. Rear- Admiral Herbert L. Heath, in '' Minotaur,"
with the Second Cruiser Squadron, made a sweep to the eastward
to ensure that no enemy minelayers were at work in that
direction, and proceeded to take up deployment station two
points on the engaged van of the battlefleet, being joined there
by " Duke of Edinburgh " at 7.17 p.m.

At 5.50 p.m., the cruisers on the right flank of the cruiser
line had come in contact with the enemy cruisers. A large
three-funnelled enemy light-cruiser was engaged and disabled by
■' Defence " and " Warrior." She drifted down between the
lines, being fired on by the battlefleet, and was subsequently seen
to sink by several independent observers.

" Defence " and " Warrior " of the First Cruiser Sciuadron,
which vessels had turned to starboard during the engagement
with the hght-cruisers, passed between our own and the enemy
battle-cruisers and battlefleet, and the two ships found them-
selves within comparatively short range of the enemy's heavy
ships. At 6.16 p.m., " Defence " was observed to be heavily
hit and blew up ; " Warrior " was badly hit and disabled, but
reached the rear of the battlefleet and was taken in tow by
" Engadine." It is probable that Rear- Admiral Sir Robert
Arbuthnot did not realise the proximity of the German battle-
fleet, and coming across it at short range in the mist was unable

16 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

to extricate his squadron before his flagship was sunk and the
" Warrior " disabled.

Arrival of the Battlefleet.

At 5.45 p.m., " Comus " (Captain Alan G. Hotham), of the
Fourth Light-Cruiser Squadron, then three miles ahead of the
battlefleet, reported that heavy gunfiring was heard from a
direction south. The flashes of guns were shortly afterwards
observed S.S.W., and at 5.56 p.m., some vessels, subsequently
seen to be the British battle-cruisers, were seen bearing S.S.W.
from " Marlborough," steering E., heavily engaged with an
unseen enemy.

At 6.0 p.m., " Iron Duke's " position was latitude 57° 11' N.,
longitude 5° 39' E., course S.E. by S., speed twenty knots;
battlefleet in divisions in line ahead disposed abeam to
starboard (Organisation No. 5), columns eleven cables apart.

It Avas apparent on meeting that the reckoning of the battle-
cruiser fleet was about twelve miles to the eastward of " Iron
Duke's " reckoning. In consequence of this the enemy were
sighted on the starboard bow instead of ahead, and some
twenty minutes earlier than was anticipated.

At 6 p.m., the Vice-Admiral Commanding, Battle-Cruiser
Fleet, reported enemy battle-cruisers bearing S.E., and at
6. 14 p.m., in reply to a signal, he rej)orted the enemy battlefleet
in sight, bearing S.S.W.

Owing to the uncertainty as to the position of the enemy
battlefleet, it had not been possible to redispose the guides of
columns on anj' different bearing. Consequently, the dej^loyment
was carried out under some disadvantage, and, indeed, it Avas
not easy to determine the correct direction of deployment until
the battlefleets were almost in contact.

At this stage it was not clear whether the enemy battlefleet
was ahead of our Ijattlefleet or on the starboard beam, as heavy
firing was proceeding from ahead to the starboard beam and the
cruisers ahead were seen to be hotly engaged. In order to take
ground to starboard a signal was made at 6.2 p.m., to alter
course by 9 pendant to South, but it was then reahsed that the
enemy battlefleet must be in close proximity, either ahead or on
the starboard side, and the fleet was turned back by 9 pendant
to S.E. preparatory to deployment to port.

The Flotillas were directed to take up destroyer disposition
No. 1 at 6.8 p.m.

At 6.16 p.m., line of battle was formed by the main battlefleet
by Equal Speed pendant on the port wing division ; course
S.E. by E. Speed had been reduced at 6.02 p.m., to eighteen
knots to admit of shi])s closing up, and it was further reduced to
fourteen knots on deployment to allow the battle-cruisers, which
were before the starboard beam, to pass ahead.

The Rear-Admiral Commanding, Fifth Battle Squadron,
having sighted " Marlborough " at 6.6 p.m., and other ships of

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 17

the fifth and sixth divisions at 6.19 p.m., turned his squadron to
port at 6.20 p.m., to form astern of the sixth division. During
this turn the ships of the Fifth Battle Squadron came under a
heavy fire from the enemy's leading battleships, but the shooting
was not good and few hits were made. At this time " War-
spite's " helm unfortunately jammed, causing her to continue to
turn towards the enemy's battlefleet. By good handling,
although hit several times, " Warspite " was enabled to get
away to the northward. The Rear-Admiral Commanding,
Fifth Battle Squadron, subsequently ordered her to proceed to
Rosyth on receipt of a report of her damage. By 6.30 p.m.,
the Fifth Battle Squadron (less " Warspite "), was formed astern
of " Agincourt " in the battle Hne.

At 6.33 p.m., speed was increased to seventeen knots, which
speed was maintained until the Fleet left the scene for its bases
on 1st June. Enclosure No. III. shows the order of the battlefleet,
etc., at 6.40 p.m.

Battlefleet Action.

The First Battle Squadron, at the rear of the battle hne
and the furthest to the westward during deployment, came into
action almost immediately the deployment signal had been
hauled down. At 6.15 p.m., a salvo pitched short of and over
the forecastle of " Hercules," deluging the bridge and conning
tower with water. The enemy at this time were made out by
our rear ships to be in single hne, steering to the eastward, their
battle-cruisers leading, followed by four " Konigs," four or five
" Kaisers " and four " Helgolands," the remainder of the hne
being invisible owing to the large overlap we had established,
and to the converging course. " Marlborough " and her division
opened fire at 6.17 p.m. on one of the " Kaiser " class. " Hercules "
opened fire at 6.20 p.m. on the second " Kaiser." " Colossus "
and her division opened fire at 6.30. The practice from the
First Battle Squadron was very satisfactory under the conditions
and severe punishment was administered to the enemy. " Marl-
borough " continued her fire with great success even after the
ship had assumed a considerable hst after being torpedoed;
" Agincourt's " powerful armament was used with good effect,
and other ships were also observed to be scoring frequent hits.

" Iron Duke " opened fire at 6.23 p.m. at a three-funnelled
Hght-cruiser passing down the hne. This cruiser was engaged
by other ships, was heavily hit, and was observed to sink by
several eye-mtnesses at the end of the hne.

At 6.25 p.m. " Falmouth " and " Yarmouth " of the Third
Light-Cruiser Squadron, stationed on the starboard bow of
" Lion " fired torpedoes at the leading enemy battle-cruiser.
The Third Light-Cruiser Squadron then attacked the enemy
ships with gunfire.

The battle-cruisers were well ahead by 6.30 p.m. and had
reduced to eighteen knots, gradually closing the enemy van and
concentrating a heavy fire on the leading ship.

» 12872 B

18 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

At 6.30 " Iron Duke " shifted her fire to the leading battle-
ship (one of the " Konig " class) bearing S.W., range 11,000 yards,
and hit her several times in the third and fourth salvoes at
6.33 p.m. The remainder of the third divi.sion also opened fire
on the leading enemy battleships of '' Konig " class. " Ben-
bow " and the fourth division opened fire at 6.30 p.m., and
" Orion " and certain ships of the Second Battle Squadron also
opened fire at this time on the rear enemy l^attle-cruisers and
leading battleships. At 6.40 p.m. the second " Konig " was
seen to be heavil}^ hit and to be ablaze fore and aft, then to
turn 16 points to starboard, the original third ship passing her.
The ship then settled by the stern and was observed to blow
up by independent witnesses in " Thunderer," " Benbow,"
" Barham," " Marne," " Morning Star," and " Magic," at
6.50 p.m.

At this time the visibility was about 12,000 yards, and for
ranges about 9,000 yards. The light was, however, extremely
baffling, partly due to misty clouds appearing and dissolving,
and partly due to layers of smoke from funnels and ships firing.
The direction of the wind was W.S.W., force 2.

At 6.55 p.m. the course of the Fleet was altered by divisions
to south, conforming to the movements of the battle-cruiser
squadrons and with a view to closing the enemy.

Firing was general in the battlefleet, but the use of distribu-
tion of gunfire signals was out of the question, only three or
four ships being in sight at a time from the van and centre,
although more were visible from the rear. Ships fired at what
they could see, while they could see it. Hitting had by this
time become general.

At 6.54, the Vice-Admiral Commanding, First Battle Squad-
ton, in " Marlborough," reported that his flagship had been
struck by a torpedo or mine. Later evidence pointed to it
being a torpedo, possibly discharged from a submarine. This
is supported by the report of " Revenge." Officers in the
transmitting station, " A " and " Y " shell rooms, the director
tower and spotting tower all felt a shock as if the ship had
struck something. A few minutes after the " Marlborough " was
torpedoed. A large patch of oil, with an upheaval in the middle
and portions of wreckage, came to the surface. " Revenge," on
seeing " Marlborough " struck, had hauled out of the line to
port about a cable and probably struck and sank a submarine.

At this time the destroyer " Acasta " was passed in a disabled
condition. She signalled that she was holed fore and aft and
unable to move her engines. In spite of her condition her
ship's company were observed to be cheering as the battlefleet
passed.

At 6.55 p.m. " Iron Duke " passed the wreckage of " Invin-
cible." The sliip was spUt in two, the bow and stern standing
out of the water, the centre part resting apparently on tlic

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 19

bottom. The position of the wreck was latitude 57° 6' N.,
longitude 5°02' E. " Badger " was picking up survivors.

In order to guard against the risk of secret documents being
recovered by the enemy sliould the position of the wreck be
located by remaining above water, a submarine was sent from
BIyth to search for and if necessary, sink the wreck. She was
unable to find it, and there is no doubt that the vessel sank.

At 7.10 p.m. " Marlborough " and several other ships were
firing at the second of the three of the remaining " Konig "
class ("Marlborough" fired fourteen salvoes). At 7.18 a ship
turned out of the line very low in the water aft and sinking.
An Officer in the torpedo control tower in ' Colossus " saw this
ship sink at 7.30 p.m., his evidence being confirmed by " Benbow,"
" Superb," " Colossus," and " Malaya."

At 7.12 p.m. enemy battle-cruisers also emerged from the
mist at 10,000 yards range on the starboard beam of the
" Colossus " division, which opened fire on them. A ship of
the " Derffiinger " class was observed to be hit several times
by " Colossus " and " Neptune," and listed over and passed
out of sight obscured by heavy smoke and mist. " Colossus "
was hit, but only suffered triffing damage. At the same time a
ship of the " Seydfitz " class was also fired at and hit by
" ColHngwood." " Revenge " also fired at and hit a battle-
cruiser supposed to be " Von Der Tann," which then turned
away.

Attacks by Enemy Flotilla on Baftlefleet.

At about 7.10 p.m. a flotilla of enemy destroyers supported
by a cruiser was seen approaching " Iron Duke," bearing from
" Iron Duke " S. 50° W. (60° green). The Fleet was turned
away two points by the " Preparative " and subsequently
another two points, fire being opened on the flotilla with
4-in,, 6-in., and turret guns at a range of about 10,000 to 8,000
yards. When at about 8,000 yards range, the 'destroyers fired
their torpedoes, turning towards the rear of their line and dis-
appearing in a smoke screen. No torpedoes hit. One destroyer
was observed to sink.

At about 7.25 p.m. another enemy's destroyer attack was
observed approaching the rear of the battle line from a bearing
about 120° green, 9,000 yards from " Iron Duke," and was
heavily engaged by the four rear divisions of the battlefleet
and Fifth Battle squadron. The Eleventh Flotilla and Fourth
Light-Cruiser Squadron had advanced to counter the former
enemy destroyer attack and were in a favourable position to
counter the second attack during which at 7.22 p.m. they sank
an enemy destroyer. They were recalled at 7.40 p.m. In
addition, the third destroyer from the left was observed to sink,
and the left-hand one to be struck and turned bottom up-
approximately at 7.35 p.m. At 7.45 p.m. a division of the
Twelfth Flotilla, consisting of " Obedient," " Mindful," " Marvel,"
and " Onslaught," proceeded to attack, and sink an enemy

B 2

20 BATTLE OF JUTLAND !

*' V "-class destroyer flying a Commodore's pendant near the
rear of the Fifth Battle Squadron.

Line had again been formed at 7.33 p.m. on a S. by W. course
and at 7.41 p.m. course was altered to the S.W.

PAt 7.30 p.m. the Second Light-Cruiser Squadron, having
previously turned towards the German line to keep in touch with
the enemy's rear, observed the enemy alter course to S. by W.
At 8.30 " Southampton " and " Dublin " attacked an enemy
destroyer and hit her heavily amidships. She was shortly
afterwards seen to sink.

At 8 p.m. firing had practically ceased except towards the
rear of the line, where some of the ships of the First and Fifth
Battle Squadrons were still engaged.

Whilst the battlefleet had been turned away from enemy
torpedo attacks, the Vice-Admiral Commanding, Battle-Cruiser
Fleet, had continued engaging the head of the enemy line,
gradually hauling round to S.W. by S. and then S.W. to keep in
touch. At 7.32 p.m. " Lion's " course was S.W., speed eighteen
knots, the leading enemy battleship bearing N.W. by W. The
battle-cruiser fleet were inflicting considerable punishment on
the enemy, so much so that the enemy torpedo-boat destroyers
were called upon to cover the capital ships by emitting volumes
of grey smoke. Under cover of this smoke, the enemy were
lost sight of at 7.45 p.m.

At 7.58 p.m. the Vice-Admiral Commanding Battle-Cruiser
Fleet ordered the First and Third Light-Cruiser Squadrons to
sweep to the westward and locate the head of the enemy's line.
The British battlefleet also turned to the westward.

At 8.30 p.m. the Vice-Admiral Commanding, Battle-Cruiser
Fleet, again sighted the enemy and engaged the leading enemy
battle-cruiser at a range of 10,000 yards — only two were sighted.
This battle-cruiser was struck by two salvoes and burst into flames
and smoke. Heavy explosions took place on board and the
ship turned away with a heavy list. " Princess Royal " set
fire to a three-funnelled battleship. " New Zealand " and
" Indomitable " report that the third ship of the Une which they
engaged heeled over and was on fire. The enemy was last seen
by " Falmouth " steaming to the westward.

At 8.40 p.m. all battle -cruisers felt a heavy shock, as if
struck by a mine, torpedo, or sunken wreckage. It seems probable
that, in view of the condition in which the enemy were last seen
the shock indicated the blowing up of one of their heavy vessels.

Night Disposition.

Darkness was now rapidly setting in, the mist was increasing
and it became necessary to decide on the future course of action.
The British Fleet was between the enemy and his base. Each
side possessed a considerable number of destroyers, it being
most probable that the enemy was largely superior in this respect,
in numbers, as it was logical to assume that every available

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 21

torpedo-boat destroyer and torpedo-boat had been ordered out
as soon as contact between the fleets became probable.

I rejected at once the idea of a night action between the
heavy ships, as leading to possible disaster owing, first, to the
presence of torpedo craft in such large numbers, and, secondly,
to the impossibility of distinguishing between our own and
enemy vessels. Further, the result of a night action under
modern conditions must always be very largely a matter of
jDure chance. I was loth to forego the advantage of position,
which would have resulted from an easterly or westerly course,
and I therefore decided to steer to the southw^ard, where I should
be in a position to renew the engagement at dayhght, and should
also be favourably placed to intercept the enemy should he make
for his base by steering for HeHgoland or toward^ the Ems and
thence along the north German coast.

Further, such a course enabled me to drop my destroyer
flotillas astern, thus at one and the same time providing the
battlefleet with a screen against attack by torpedo craft at night,
and also giving our flotillas an opportunity for attacking the
enemy's heavy ships should they also be proceeding to the
southward vnih the object of regaining their bases.

Accordingly, at 9 p.m., the fleet was turned by divisions to
south (speed seventeen knots) the second organisation being
assumed, and the fleet formed in divisions hne ahead disposed
abeam to port, columns one mile apart, the object of the close
formation being that the divisions should remain clearly in
sight of each other during the night, in order to prevent ships
mistaking each other for enemy vessels.

At 9.24 p.m., the Vice-Admiral Commanding, Battle-Cruiser
Fleet, in latitude 56° 29' N., longitude 5° 27' E., turned to south.

At 9.27 p.m., the destroyer flotillas were ordered to take station
five miles astern of the battlefleet.

At 9.32 p.m., " Abdiel " was directed to lay mines in wide
zig-zags from a position fifteen miles 215° from the Vyl hght-
vessel in a mean direction 180°, ten mines to the mile. This
operation was successfully accomplished without observation,
and " Abdiel " then proceeded to Rosyth to replenish with
mines.

At 10 p.m., " Iron Duke's " position was : —

latitude, 56° 22' N.,
longitude, 5° 47' E.,
course, south,
speed, 17 knots,

the order of the fleet from west to east being as follows : —

Battle-Cruiser Fleet;
Cruiser Squadrons ;

Battlefleet (in divisions, disposed abeam to port, columns
one mile apart, in Organisation No. 2) ;

22 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

First Light-Cruiser Squadron four miles one point before

the starboard beam of the Battle-Cruiser Fleet;
Second Light-Cruiser Squadron astern of the Fifth Battle

Squadron and Second Battle Squadron ;
Third Liglit-Cruisor Squadron on starboard bow of the

Battle-Cruiser Fleet:
Fourtli Light-Cruiser Squadron ahead of the Battlefleet;
Destroyer Flotillas — five miles astern of the Battlefleet

in the order, west to east — Eleventh, Fourth, Twelfth,

Ninth,! Tenth,! Thirteenth.

At 10.20 p.m., the Second Light-Cruiser Squadron engaged
five enemy ships, apparentl}^ a cruiser and four light-cruisers,
which concentrated on " Southampton " and " DubHn " and
severely damaged both of them. The enemy, however, were
beaten off.

No enemy ship was seen by the battlefleet during the night,
except by " Active " astern of the Second Battle Squadron.
Firing was heard astern, searchlights were seen in use, and a
fair number of star shells were fired by the enemy, which gave
out a brilliant illumination, and it was evident that our destroyer
flotillas and light-cruiser squadrons were in action.

From reports received subsequently it is fairly certain that
the German battlefleet and battle-cruisers crossed astern of the
British battlefleet and made for the Horn Reef channel. In
crossing the rear of the British battle line, the enemy fleet came
in contact with the British flotillas, which seized the opportunity
to deliver a series of brilliant and gallant attacks. The estimated
course of the enemy fleet was S.E. | E., and the estimated time
of the last battle squadron passing the Horn Reef light-vessel
abeam, eighteen miles distant, was 3.45 a.m. Submarine E55,
on the bottom to the west of the Horn Reef light-vessel, heard
eleven explosions between 2.15 and 5.30 a.m. on the 1st June.
The estimated time of the last of the enemy's heavy ships
passing over " Abdiel's " minefield is 5 a.m.

PROCEEDINGS OF FLOTILLAS.

ELEVENTH FLOTILLA.

The Commodore (F), in " Castor," with the Eleventh Flotilla,
at 10.4 p.m. was on the right flank in position five miles distant
a id about seven points abaft the starboard beam of the Second
Battle Squadron. The Fourth Flotifla was in the centre astern
of the Fourth Battle Squadron, and the Twelfth Flotilla was
on the east flank astern of the First Battle Squadron.

" Castor " and Eleventh Flotilla came in contact with enemy
battle-cruisers at 10.5 p.m., the enemy consisting of three or

' Destroyers detached from Harwich Force.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 23

more vessels. Fire was ojjened on " Castor," which vessel
returned it at a range of 2,000 yards, and " Castor " " Magic "
and " Marne " each fired a torpedo and turned to port. A violent
detonation was heard in the engine rooms of three destroyers.
The remaining destroyers, with " Castor " were uncertain whether
the sliips firing at " Castor " were really enemy vessels and
thought a mistake had been made. They, therefore, withheld
their torpedo fire. " Castor's " W/T and signaUing gear having
been disabled by the enemy's fire, the Commodore (F) was unable
to signal to the destroyers to attack. The enemy disappeared
and the flotilla proceeded south.

At 0.15 a.m. a German torpedo boat destroyer was sighted
on the starboard bow of " Castor." She received the fire of all
" Castor's " guns at point blank range and was not seen again,
either by " Castor " or the torpedo boat destroyers folio \\ing.
It appears certain that she was sunk.

FOURTH FLOTILLA.

' Tipperary," " Broke " and the Fourth Flotilla came in
contact with enemy cruisers at 11.30 p.m., the enemy being on
a southeasterly course ; a heavy fire was opened on the flotilla
resulting in " Tipperary " being set on fire forward ; she sank
at 2.0 a.m. " Broke " was badly hit, and her steering gear and
engine room telegraphs disabled, and before she could be got
under control she rammed " Sparrowhawk." Both vessels were
under a very heavy fire, and " Sparrowhawk's " injuries were
such that her crew were taken off and she was sunk on the
following morning. " Broke " reached the Tjme.

One four funnelled enemy cruiser was torpedoed by " Spitfire "
(next astern of " Tipperary ") and took a heavy Ust, and appeared
to be in a sinking condition. " Spitfire " also rammed a fight-
cruiser and carried off 29 feet of her skin plating. She had two
cranes and three funnels, a red band being painted on each of
the latter.

The remainder of the flotilla altered course to the eastward
and then southeastward, and at midnight came in contact with
an enemy battle squadron consisting of sliips of the Deutschland
class. One enemy ship was torpedoed, either by " Ardent,"
" Ambuscade " or " Garland," and was observed to Ust over
considerably. It is probable that she was sunk. " Fortune "
was sunk during this attack. The flotilla was eventually driven
off by gunflre and obhged to retire to the northward.

Shortly after turning off " Ardent " sighted four more large
German ships crossing her bows and steering N.N.E. " Ardent "
attacked and fired a torpedo, but could not observe the result
as a devastating fire was opened on her, and she sank with
colours flying after a gallant fight, her commanding officer
(Lieutenant-Commander Arthur Marsden) being picked up by
" Marksman " on the following morning after being five hours
in the water.

21 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

TWELFTH FLOTILLA.

The Twelfth Flotilla formed astern of the First Battle
Squadron, which was on the port flank and somewhat astern of
station owing to " Marlborough's " speed being reduced by
damage, although by revolutions she was steaming at seventeen
knots.

At 11.30 p.m. the flotilla was obhged to alter course to clear
Another flotilla — probably the Fourth Flotilla — which was crossing
on a southeasterly course, and this alteration caused the Twelfth
Flotilla to be about five miles to the eastward and ten miles to
the northward of the First Battle Squadron by midnight.

At 1.45 a.m. an enemy battle squadron was sighted on the
starboard bow, steering S.E., consisting of six ships, the first four
of which were thought to be of the Kaiser class (it is interesting
to note that this points to there being only six sliips of the
enemy's Third Battle Squadron left, thus confirming the evidence
already given that two were sunk during the day action).

The Captain (D), Twelfth Flotilla, altered to a parallel course
and increased to 25 knots, leading round in order to attack on a
northwesterly com-se. The attack was carried out most success-
fully, torpedoes being fired at 2 a.m., at a range of about 3,000
yards, at the second and third sliips of the fine, the latter vessel
being particularly conspicuous bj^ a torjiedo boat being stationed
close under the quarter. Torpedoes took effect on the third
ship, wliich blew up, the magazine having apparently exploded.
Enemy cruisers astern of the battle line attacked the flotilla and
obliged the Captain (D) to alter course to north. The cruisers
were shaken off and the flotilla altered round to south to resume
its course after the battlefleet.

The following signal was made to the Commander-in-Chief
by the Captain (D) : —

Enemy battlefleet steering S.E., approximate bearing
S.W. My position ten miles astern of First Battle Squadron.
0152.

This signal w^as unfortunately not received in the battlefleet
owing to telefunken interference.

Whilst the main torpedo attack by the Twelfth Flotilla was
being made, " Maenad " (Commander Jolm P. Champion),
having anticipated that the attack on the enemy would be made
with tubes bearing to starboard, was not ready when the turn
was made and port tubes brought to bear. He, therefore, held
on the southeasterly course and turned later to fire one torpedo
from the port side when the tube was trained. He then trained
both tubes to starboard, turned and went ahead, closing in again
to between 4,000 and 5,000 yards from the enemy and firing
two more toi-pedoes. The second torpedo struck the fourth ship
in the line. There was a heavy explosion, the flames topping
the mast heads, and the ship was not seen again, though those

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 26

ahead and astern were distinctly visible. The time of tliis
attack was twenty-five minutes later than the main attack. It
seems therefore certain that two battleships were hit and there
is considerable probability that both were sunk by the Twelfth
Flotilla. It is to be noted that six ships were observed by the
Captain (D) at the commencement of the attack — only five were
seen by " Maenad " when " Maenad's " attack was made, and
only four were visible after " Maenad's " attack. The report
from '"' Maenad " was sent to me from Rosytli, before her
commanding officer had seen the Captain (D), Twelfth Flotilla,
or knew that he had reported having blown up one of the
battleships.

NINTH AND TENTH FLOTILLAS.

At 7.30 p.m. the destroyers of the Ninth and Tenth FlotiUas
under the commanding officer of " Lydiard," took station on the
port beam of the " Champion " astern of the battlefleet.

At about 11.30 p.m fire was opened on them by a line of
large ships, which were at first mistaken to be a British squadron.
Shortly afterwards the " Champion " went ahead and the
destroyers lost touch except " Obdurate " and " Moresby."

At 6.0 a.m. it was discovered that the destroyers of the
Thirteenth Flotilla and " Morris " were astern. The com-
manding ofiicer of " Lydiard " detached " Narborough " with
the M-class destroyers to join the battle -cruiser fleet, and then
proceeded to Rosyth mth the L-class destroyers, which were short
of fuel.

FIRST FLOTILLA.

" Fearless," not being able to keep up with the flotilla, formed
astern of " Agincourt " at 6 p.m., the destroyers remaining with
the battle-cruiser fleet during the night.

Shortly after midnight " Fearless " observed what appeared
to be a German battleship pass down the starboard side. Reports
from ships of the First Battle Squadron confirm this. As sliips
ahead did not open fire no action Avas taken, as her course led
directly to the destroyers following astern. A heavy explosion
was observed not long after, which coincides Avith the Fourth
Flotilla attack on ships of the " Deutschland " class.

THIRTEENTH FLOTILLA.

The Thirteenth Flotilla took station astern of the battlefleet.
During the night all except " Obdurate " and " Moresby " lost
touch with " Champion." At 2.30 a.m. course was altered to
north and " Marksman " and " Nomad " joined.

At 3.25 a.m. four enemy destroyers were sighted, steering to
the southeastward, and at 3.30 a.m. were engaged at a range of
approximately 3,000 yards The enemy passed and disappeared
in the mist, after firing torpedoes at " Champion."

26 BATTLE OF JUTLAND I

At 4.30 a.m. " Obdurate " picked up two survivors from the
"Ardent." '

At 5.0 a.m. two rafts were sighted and " Moresby " rescued
seven men and " Maenad " eleven men, survivors from the
" Fortune."

" Marksman " was detached to the assistance of the
*' Sparrowhawk " at CO a.m. and the flotilla proceeded to Rosyth.

At 0.30 a.m. the destroyers which had become detached and
were then under the orders of " Narborough " came under heavy
fire from an enemy ship, which was at first mistaken for one of
our hght-cruisers or a ship of " Warrior " class. The " Turbu-
lent " was rammed and sunk by gunfire. At daylight the
remainder attached themselves to the force under the commanding
officer of " Lydiard."

At 11.0 p.m. "Active," asteni of " Boadicea," astern of
Second Battle Squadron, saw a German hght-cruiser come up
astern. A ship on the starboard quarter of " Active " switched
on searchUghts and opened fire. The hght-cruiser was heavily
hit, stern cocked up in the air, and it was thought that the ship
went down. It seems possible that " Active " witnessed the
sinking of a German hghtcruiser by a German battle-cruiser.

At 11.15 p.m. " Active " struck a submerged object, removing
about fifteen feet of her starboard bilge keel. The position in'
which this occurred was well clear of the scene of the action,
and it is possible that the object in question was an enemy
submarine.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE FLEET AFTER MIDNIGHT
31 MAY-1 JUNE 1916.

At 2.0 a.m. a report was received from the Vice-Admiral
Commanding, First Battle Squadron, that " Marlborough " had
been obhged to ease to twelve knots on account of stress on
bulkheads at the higher speeds. The remainder of the divisions
continued at seventeen knots. The Commander-in-Chief ordered
" Marlborough " to proceed to the Tyne or Rosyth by " M "
channel. The Vicc-Admiral Commanding, First Battle Squadron,
called the " Fearless " alongside " Marlborough," shifted to
" Revenge " in the " Fearless," and detached " Fearless " to
escort the " Marlborough."

The weather was very misty at dayhght, visibility being
only three to four miles, and I deemed it advisable to disregard
the danger from submarines due to a long line of ships and to
form line of battle at once in case of meeting the enemy battle-
fleet before I had been able to get in toueli with my cruisers and
destroyers. The battlefleet accordingly altered course to north
at 2.47 a.m. and formed line of battle. The Fourth Light Cruiser
Squadron was in company, but the sixth division of the battle-
fleet comprising the " Revenge," " Hercules " and " Agincourt "
had lost touch owing to " Marlborough's " reduction in speed
and was broad on the eastern flank of the fleet during the day.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 27

At 3.44 a.m. course was altered to west, heavy firing being
heard in that direction. At 4.0 a.m. a Zeppelin was
bearing S.E. She approached the fleet, but was driven off by-
gunfire. At 4.10 a.m. the battlefleet formed divisions in line
ahead disposed abeam to starboard.

The Vice-Admiral Commanding, Battle Cruiser l^'leet, in
accordance with orders, closed the Commander-in-Chief at
5.40 a.m. and was directed to sweep to the northward and
eastward, whilst the Commander-in-Chief swept with the battle-
fleet first to the southward and eastward and then northward.

At 3.0 a.m. the " Sparrowhawk " was lying disabled in
approximately lat. 55° 54' N., Long. 5° 59' E., when a German
light-cruiser with three high straight funnels equally spaced,
two masts and a straight stem (probably " Kolberg ") was
sighted two miles East steaming slowly to the northward; after
being in sight about five minutes she gradually heeled over and
sank slowly bows first.

The Commodore (T) with the Harwich force had been ordered
at 3.20 a.m. by the Admiralty to proceed to join the Commander-
in-Chief to replace vessels requiring fuel. The Commander-in-
Chief gave directions for four torpedo boat destroyers to be
detached to screen " Marlborough," whose 4.30 a.m. j)osition
was Lat. 55° 30' N., Long. 6° 3' E., course S.W., speed
fourteen knots.

At 9.0 a.m. the Commander-in-Chief ordered the Vice-
Admiral Commanding, Battle Cruiser Fleet, who was to eastward
of the battlefleet, on a northerly course, to sweep as far as
Lat. 57° 30' N., Long. 5° 45' E.

At 9.36 a.m. the Admiralty directed the Third Battle
Squadron and Third Cruiser Squadron to return to harbour and
revert to usual notice.

At 10.31 a.m. the Fifth Battle Squadron joined up with the
remainder of the battlefleet.

At 1.15 p.m. the battlefleet, having swept out the area south
of the scene of the action, proceeded N.W. for Scapa, the battle-
cruiser fleet and " VaHant " proceeding to Rosyth.

At 3.40 p.m. the Commander-in-Chief ordered the Vice*
Admiral Commanding, Tenth Cruiser Squadron, and " Donegal "
to take up the Muckle Flugga patrol, to look out for " Moewe "
and another raider, which were possibly attempting to break out
into the Atlantic. *

At 4.0 p.m. the Commander-in-Chief informed the Commodore
(T) that the Admiralty had been told that there was nothing
left for the HarAvich force to do. He was ordered to strengthen
" Marlborough's " screen by two destroyers and return to
Harwich.

At 10.0 p.m. the Commander-in-Chief directed the Vice-
Admiral Commanding, Orkneys and Shetlands, to send out at
dayhght any destroyers available to meet and screen the fleet,
approaching on a bearing 82° from Pentland Skerries.

28 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

The Commodore (T) reported his 8 p.m. position on 1st June
as Lat. 56° 7' N., Long. 4° 37' E., course N. 77° W., speed
fourteen knots, and that he proposed turning back to intercept
the enemy at daylight on the meridian of Long. 4° 30' E.

The battlefleet, Fourth Liglit Crui.ser Squadron, Fourth,
Eleventh and Twelfth Flotillas arrived at Scapa between 10.30 a.m.
and noon on 2nd June.

On arrival " Titania " was directed to send a submarine as
soon as the weather permitted to sink by torpedo, gunfire, or
explosive charge, the portion of wreck of " Invincible " in approxi-
mately Lat. 57° 06' N., Long, 6° 02' E., if still showing above
water. " G. 10 " sailed at 3.0 a.m. 3rd June, and returned to
Blyth at 9.20 p.m., 6th, reporting that after searching for
forty-eight hours nothing could be found.

At 9.45. p.m. the Commander-in-Chief reported to the
Admiralty that the battlefleet was again ready for action and
at four hours' notice.

NARRATIVE OF EVENTS RELATING TO
DISABLED SHIPS.

" MARLBOROUGH."

At 2 a.m. on 1st June, " Marlborough " reported that her
speed w^as reduced to 12 knots and at 2.30 a.m. she was directed
by Commander-in-Chief to proceed to Tyne or Rosyth by " M "
channel.

At 3.0 a.m. Vice-Admiral Commanding, First Battle Squadron
was directed to send liis division to join Commander-in-Chief,
keeping one sliip as escort if necessary.

He reported that he had transferred to " Revenge " and
that " Marlborough " was proceeding with " Fearless " in
company.

At 7.0 a.m. Commander-in-Cliief ordered Commodore (T)
to detach four destroyers to screen " Marlborough," her
4.30 a.m.. position being in latitude 55° 30' N., longitude 6° 3' E.
Course S.W., speed 14 knots.

At 6.50 p.m. 1st June " Marlborough " reported — All com-
partments between 78 and 111 stations starboard from outer
bottom to middle or main deck probably flooded. AU double
bottom compartments between these stations on starboard
side vertical keel damaged and probably double bottom compart-
ments vertical to 2nd longitudinal on port side also damaged.
Boilers, auxiliary macliinery in " A " boiler room not damaged,
except air blower and Diesel engine oil pump. " A " boiler
room partially flooded but w^ater is being kept under.

At 9.30 p.m. Admiralty directed " Marlborough " to proceed
to Rosyth for temporary repairs.

At midnight lst-2nd June " Marlborough " reported her
position to be in latitude 54° 40' N., longitude 0° 53' E., and

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. '2U

that she was making for Flamborough Head. Owing to bad
weather the water was gaining.

The Commander-in-Chief requested the Senior Naval Officer
Hiimber to send powerful tugs to her and also directed " Can-
terbury," who was proceeding to Harwich, to proceed to her
assistance.

" Canterbury " sighted " Marlborough " ofE the Humber at
7.30 a.m. 2nd June, when she was informed that her assistance
was not required.

At 4.0 a.m. " Marlborough " reported her position to be in
latitude 54° 10' N., longitude 0° 2' E., course South, speed
11 knots ; water was being kept under -control.

" Marlborough " arrived in the Humber at 8.0 a.m. 2nd,
screened by " Fearless " and 8 destroyers from Harwich, having
been unsuccessfully attacked by enemy submarines whilst
en route.

" WARSPITEr

At 9.0 p.m. 31st May, " Warspite " reported that the damage
reduced her speed to 16 knots. The Commander-in-Chief ordered
her to proceed to Rosyth.

At 6.10 a.m. 1st June, " Warspite " reported to the
Commander-in-Chief that she had many holes from shellfire,
that the ship was tight and on an even keel. vSeveral
compartments were full, but the bulkheads were shored. The
ship was being steered from the engine room.

At 9.0 a.m. 1st June the Commander-in-Chief asked the
Commander-in-Chief, Rosyth, to send local destroyers to screen
" Warspite."

She arrived at Rosyth at 3.0 p.m. on 1st June having been
unsuccessfully attacked by enemy submarines en route.

" BROKEr

At 11.24 a.m. 1st June the Commodore (F) reported that
" Broke's " midnight position was in latitude 57° 49' N.,
longitude 3° 50' E., course N.W. speed 7 knots; that she was
damaged forward and would like escort if available.

At 1.30 a.m. 2nd June, " Active " was dropped astern of
fleet and proceeded to search for " Broke." She was informed
that two destroj^ers would be sent as soon as " Broke " had
been located.

At 5.0 a.m. the Commander-in-Chief directed the Commodore
Commanding, Fourth Light-cruiser Squadron, to detail one
Hght cruiser to assist " Active " in search for " Broke." " Con-
stance " proceeded at 5.30 a.m. 2nd June.

At 6.30 a.m. 2nd June the Rear-Admiral Commanding,
Second Cruiser Squadron was ordered to abandon the search
for " Warrior " and sweep to find " Broke."

30 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

At 9.15 p.m. 2nd June orders were given for the search to be
continued next day to the South and S.W. of the area already
searched.

At 1.0 a.m. 3rd June " Constance " and " Active " were
ordered to return to Scapa.

At 3.0 a.m. 3rd June " Broke " reported her position to be
in latitude 56° 21' N., longitude 0° 12' E., course West, speed
0 knots, and the Vice-Admiral Commanding, Battle Cruiser
Fleet, was ordered to send four destroyers to meet and screen
her. They sailed at 8.0 a.m. 3rd June.

The Second Cruiser Squadron was ordered to return to the
base. Tliis squadron arrived at 6.30 p.m. the same day.

The " Broke " arrived in Tyne at 6.0 p.m. 3rd June.

" WARRIOBr

At 8.0 p.m. 31st May " Engadine " took " Warrior " in tow
in about latitude 57° 10'' N., longitude 5° 45' E., steering W.N.W.

" Warrior " was abandoned at 7.45 a.m. 1st June in approxi-
mately latitude 57° 34' N., longitude 2° 56' E., " Engachne "
proceeding alongside to take the crew off. The latter arrived
at Rosyth at 1.35 a.m. 2nd June with 35 officers, 681 men, 25 cot
cases and two walking cases from " Warrior."

At 8.45 a.m. 1st June the Commander-in-Chief, not having
received information that " Warrior " was abandoned, informed
the Commander-in-Chief, Rosyth, that she was in tow of
" Engadine," com.pletely disabled, in latitude 57° 18' N.,
longitude 3° 54' E., course W.N.W., speed 7 knots, and requested
that tugs should be sent.

At 9.55 a.m. 1st June, the Rear- Admiral, Invergordon,
informed the Commander-in-Chief that yacht " Albion," in charge
of two tugs, had been ordered to leave Peterhead and proceed
to the assistance of " Warrior."

" Engadine's " 11.0 p.m. position on 31st May was in latitude
57° 10' N., longitude 2° 17' E.

At 1.45 p.m. 2nd June, the Rear- Admiral, " Cj^clops," reported
that vacht " Albion III." with three tugs had been unable to
find " Warrior."

At 4.30 p.m. the Commander-in-Chief informed the Rear-
Admiral Commanding, Second Cruiser Squadron, of the state
of affairs about " Warrior " and directed Mm to search for her
and if impossible to salve, to sink her. If the tugs sent out
from Peterhead were not required for " Warrior " they were to
be sent to tow " Acasta," who was in tow of "Nonsuch," a httle
to the Eastward of " Warrior's " position.

At 2.30 p.m. the Commander-in-Chief directed Unit 42 from
Peterhead to be diverted to search for " Warrior."

At 3.0 p.m., the Rear-Admiral Commanding, Second Cruiser
Squadron, reported no sign of " Warrior " in area 17 miles south
of and 40 miles north, west and east of her last position given

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 31

Good visibility. Wind, N.W., 6 to 7. Somewhat heavy sea.
Second Cruiser Squadron's jDosition at 3.0 a.m., 57° N., 2° 45' E.

At 8.0 p.m., 2nd June, Third Light-Cruiser Squadron and
three destroyers sailed from Rosyth to join in the search for
" Warrior."

At 11.30 p.m. Commander-in-Chief informed the Vice-Admiral
Commanding, Battle Cruiser Fleet, that the Second Cruiser
Squadron had searched area North of 57° 10' N. and west of
longitude 4° 10' E., and was now searching N.W. of this area for
" Broke." He suggested that hght-cruisers from Rosyth should
search area south of this latitude and east of longitude 3° 50' E.

At 9.30 a.m., 4th June, Rear-Admiral Commanding, Third
Light-Cruiser Squadron, reported his position in 56° 15' N.,
longitude 3° 0' E., and proposed abandoning search at 8.0 p.m.
and return to harbour. This was approved and squadron arrived
at Rosyth 6.0 a.m., 5th June.

Captain of " Warrior " reported by telegraph that cypher
and signal books in use were thrown overboard when ship was
abandoned.

14: iff 4: ^ 4:

When abandoned, the stern of the ship was two or three
feet above water. Stem about normal draught, every sea
washing over upper deck. At least two feet of water on main
deck. Decks and bulkheads terribly shattered by shell fire and
no longer watertight ; ship settling down and stability gone.
No chance of ship remaining afloat in increasingly heavy weather
prevailing.

" CHESTER."

Ordered by Rear-Admiral Commanding, Second Cruiser
Squadron, at dayhght, 1st to proceed to Humber.

She arrived at the Humber at 5.0 p.m., 1st, and reported her
damage.

Three guns out of action, much damage to upper works
and holed four places above water line. Engines, boilers and
all machinery almost intact. No serious damage below water-
line.

" sparrowhawk:'

"At 7.30 a.m., " Marksman " reported to the Commander-
in-Chief that he was endeavouring to tow " Sparrowhawk "
stern first.

At 8.5 a.m. " Marksman " reported that hawser had parted,
and on receipt of approval from Vice-Admiral Commanding,
First Battle Squadron, " Sparrowhawk " was sunk in 56° 8' N.
6° 10' E.

^ The deletion refers to disposal of .secret documents only.

32 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

"NONSUCH" AND " ACASTA."

(•' Acasta " was with " Shark," " Opheha " and " Christopher "
screening Third Battle-Cruiser Squadron.)

At 9.45 a.m., " Nonsuch " reported to Commodore (F) that
he was escorting " Acasta " to Aberdeen at 10 knots, the latter
being badly damaged.

" Nonsuch " reported later that she had taken " Acasta "
in tow about noon in position 57° 16' N., longitude 4° 8' E.,
course W, ^ N., speed about 6 knots.

" Nonsuch " reported her 7.0 p.m. position on 1st, in 57° 8' N.,
2° 33' E., speed about 7 • 5 knots, all well.

At 8.40 p.m., 1st, Rear-Admiral, Peterhead, was requested
to send a trawler unit to screen " Nonsuch " and " Acasta " to
Aberdeen, and at C.30 a.m. 2nd, he was requested to direct
" Albion " and tugs which were searching for " Warrior," to
proceed to assist " Acasta " in tow of " Nonsuch."

" Nonsuch's " position at 5.0. p.m., 20 miles East of Aberdeen,
gpeed 8 knots, all well.

" Nonsuch " arrived Aberdeen at 8.0 p.m., and " Acasta "
at 9.15 p.m.

"ONSLOW" AND "DEFENDER."

" Defender " took " Onslow " in tow between 7.15 and 8.0 p.m.,
31st May, " Defender's " maximum speed being 10 knots.
They arrived at Aberdeen at 1.0 p.m. on 2nd June.

Flotillas.

At 7.33 a.m., 1st June, Commodore (F) reported that all
destroyers of Eleventh and Twelfth Flotillas and " Sparrowhawk "
were in company.

The wreckage of " Ardent " was passed at 8.20 a.m., 1st,
in latitude 55° 58' N., 6° 8' E.

At 9.45 a.m.. Commodore (F) reported having passed some
bodies and lifebuoy marked " Turbulent " at 8.0 a.m., 1st.

At 8.58 a.m., lat. 56° 3' N., long. 6° 4' E., " Orion " reported
she had passed considerable wreckage and floating bodies,
apparently foreigners.

" DubUn," which was with the Battlefleet until 10.0 a.m.,
reported that at 6.0 a.m., in Lat. 55° 51' N., long. 5° 53' E.,
she picked up a stoker from " Tipperary."

J. R. JELLICOE,

Admiral,
19 June 1916.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

Enclosure No. 2 in H.F. letter Xo. 1396 0022, dated 18th June 1916.

LIST OF SHIPS AND ORGANISATIONS OF FLEET.

DREADNOUGHT BATTLE FLEET.

fKING GEORGE V.
1st Division J AJAX.

Organisation No. 5. 1 CEXTURIOX.
1 ERIX.
f ORION.
2nd Division. J MONARCH.

Organisation No. 5. ] CONQUEROR.
[THUNDERER.

1st Division

Organisation No. 2.

2nd Battle Squadron.

2nd Division

Organisation No. 2.

4th Battle Squadron.

3rd Division
Organisation No. 2
1st Battle Squadron.

Attached cruisex's

fIRON DUKE.
3rd Division J ROYAL OAK.

Organisation No. 5. ] SUPERB.
(CANADA.
(BENBOW.
4th Division J BELLEROPHON.

Organisation No. 5. ] TEMERAIRE.
(^ VANGUARD.

f MARLBOROUGH.

6th Division J REVENGE.

Organisation No. 5. ] HERCULES.
[ AGINCOURT
f COLOSSUS,
oth Division. J COLLINGWOOD.

Organisation No. 5. ] NEPTUNE
(_. [_ST. VINCENT

fBOADICEA.

J BLANCHE. .,, , ,/OAK.
i BELLONA. ^"^^^^®^\ABDIEL.

INACTIVE.

5TH BATTLE SQUADRON.

BARHAM.
VALIANT.
WARSPITE
MALAYA.

1st Battle Cruiser
Squadron.

LION.

PRINCESS ROYAL.
QUEEN MARY.
TIGER.

BATTLE CRUISERS.

2nd Battle Cruiser
Squadron.

NEW ZEALAND.
INDEFATIGABLE.

3rd Battle Cruiser
Squadron.

INVINCIBLE.

INFLEXIBLE.

IXDOMITABLE.

Isi Light Cruiser
Squadron.

GALATEA.
PHAETON.
INCONSTANT.
CORDELIA.

LIGHT CRUISERS

2nd Light Cruiser
Squadron.

SOUTHAMPTON.
BIRMINGHAM.
NOTTINGHAM.
DUBLIN.

Zrd Light Cruiser
Squadron.

FALMOUTH.

YARMOUTH

BIRKENHEAD.

GLOUCESTER.

CHESTER.

12872

BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

CRUISER SQUADRONS.

1st Cruiser Squadron.

DEFEN'CE.

WARRIOR.

DUKE OF EDINBURGH.

BLACK PRINCE.

2nd Cruiser Squadron.

MINOTAUR.
HAMPSHIRE.
COCHRANE.
SHANNON.

LIOHT CRUISER SQUADRON.

4:th Light Cruiser Squadron.

CALLIOPE.

CONSTANCE.

COMUS.

CAROLINE.

ROYALIST.

LIGHT CRUISER. CANTERBURY.

DESTROYER FLOTILLAS.

I2th Flotilla.

FAULKNOR.
MARKSMAN.

OBEDIENT.

MAENAD.

OPAL.

MARY ROSE.

MARVEL.

MENACE.

NESSUS.

NARWHAL.

MINDFUL.

ONSLAUGHT.

MUNSTER.

NONSUCH.

NOBLE.

MISCHIEF.

llth Flotilla.

CASTOR.
KEMPENFELT.

OSSORY.

MYSTIC.

MOON.

MORNING STAR.

MAGIC.

MOUNSEY.

MANDATE.

MARNE.

MINION.

MANNERS.

MICHAEL.

MONS.

MARTIAL.

MILBROOK.

ith Flotilla.

TIPPERARY.
BROKE.

ACHATES.

PORPOISE.

SPITFIRE

UNITY.

GARLAND.

AMBUSCADE.

ARDENT.

FORTUNE.

SPARROWHA^^'K.

CONTEST.

SHARK.

ACASTA.

OPHELIA.

CHRISTOPHER.

OWL.

HARDY.

MIDGE.

1st Flotilla.

FEARLESS.

ACHERON

ARIEL.

ATTACK

HYDRA.

BADGER

GOSHAW K

DEFENDKl'v

LIZARD

LAPWINC;

Uth Flotilla.

CHAMPION.

NESTOR.

NOMAD.

NARBOROUGH.

OBDURATE.

PETARD.

PELICAN.

NERISSA.

ONSLOW.

MORESBY.

NICATOR.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. ."i"»

Harwich Destroyers.

LYDIARD.

LIBERTY.

LANDRAIL.

LAUREL.

MOORSOM.

MORRI8.

TURBULENT.

TERMAGANT.

SEAPLANE CARRIER,
ENGADINEc

Enclosure No. 4 in H.F. Letter No. 1396, dated 18th June 1916.

SINKING OF ENEMY SHIPS.

Battleships or Battle Cruisers.

6.50 p.m. 1 Battleship Chief Witness Mate Arthur

31 Ma}-, '16. of "KONIG" G. Boyce, " Benbow " Station

class. G.C.T. — 8 power glasses.

At 6.40 p.m., 3 " KONIGS "
then being in sight the second
" KONIG " was seen to be
heavily hit, then to turn 16
points to starboard, the original
CERTAIN. third ship passing her. He saw

this ship settle bj' the stern, his
attention being called to the
angle her mainmast was making
to the horizon.

Witness then gave a very
good description of a ship sink-
ing first by the stern and then
capsizing to port, a large amount
of smoke and steam coming from
foremost funnel. (When las<
seen she had not actually dis-
appeared.)

Confirmed by 6.33 p.m., report of "THUNDERER," (shii) in this
case designated as a "KAISER"). Hit by "THUNDERER" very
heavily. Ship ablaze fore and aft. Talks of two ships overlapping
each other,

Copy of " THUNDERER'S " report :—

Two " KAISER " class were
now overlapping each other.
Fire was opened, 2nd salvo seen
CERTAIN. to hit, ditto 3rd. Enemy was

blazing for whole length of
quarter deck. Enemy firing sal-
voes at first came down to slow
fire with one turret.

C 2

BATTLE OF JUTLAND

6.50 p.m. 1 enemy ship Lieutenant-Commander

(approx.) in line blown up. George B. Hartford, H.M.S

" MARNE."

An enemy ship of the line
was seen to blow up at 6 50 p.m.,
(20 minutes after " INVIN-
CIBLE " blew up). Flame was
CERTAIN. of a purple colour, otherwise ex-

plosion was similar to " INVIN-
CIBLE." He had no doubt
whatever that ship sank

Confirmed by Lieutenant Charles C. D< Lees, H.M.S. " MORNING
STAR," and Sub-Lieutenant Francis D. Butt, H.M.S. " .MAGIC." Also
by report from H.M.S. " BARHAM."

Probably all above are the same ship.

7.;jOpm. I enemy Battleship At 7.10, " MARLBOR-

31 Maj', '16. or Battle Cruiser, OUGH " opened fire on a ship

class of three,
salvos. Distinct,

PROBABLE.

of "KONIG
and fired 14
hits were seen.

At 7.19, ship tiu-ned out of
the line very low in the water
aft and sinking and object was
shifted to the left hand ship.

Mr. Charles Trenchard, Boatswain, " COLOSSUS."

1 enemy Battle This Officer was in torpedo

Crui.«er. control tower and was watching

action carefully. At 7.36 p.m.

he saw the second Battle Cruiser,

PROBABLE. apparently " DERFFLINGER "

from silhoviette, on fire after being
hit bj^ a salvo. Water came up
to quarter deck, then over fun-
nels, and he saw the water close
%ver her. The after turret was
the last to fire.

Confirmed by Lieutenant Douglas G. W. Curry, " SUPERB."

" BENBOW " confirms this to a certain extent by talking of a ship
with two masts and two finmels showing above water at 7.35 p.m.
Also reported by 2nd Battle Squadron, rear division.

7.20 p.m.
31 May.

1 enemy ship.

" MALAYA." One enemy
ship very low in the water
drojDped astern and, according
to two Officers, she suddenly
disajjpeared without an explo-
sion.

The three foregoing reports possibly all refer to the same ship.

0 15 a.m. 1 ship of

1 June. " DEUTSCHLAND

Class.

At midnight, " GARLAND "
in companv with " ARDENT,"
" FORTUNE " and " AMBUS-
CADE " sighted a line of German
Battleships on starboard bow.
Leading Battleship (one of
" DEUTSCHLAND " class)

opened fire. " GARLAND "
tui-ned to port and fired a
torpedo at this ship. Range about
800 yards. Torpedo hit and was

OFFICIAL I)E.srATCHl'> 37

("EHTArX. seen to explode abreast of the

two foremost funnels. Ship took
up a heavy hst to port.

Confirmed by " ARDENT "
as to time, enemy leachng ship
switching on hghts, etc., Com
manding Ofliicer states he fired
a torpedo at leading enemy ship
from a very favourable position
2,000 j-ards on her port beam
Torpedo hit,explosion seen, ship's
foremost searchlights went out
and she turned to starboard.

" AMBUSCADE " fired at
centre ship and observed led
flash and searchlights go out.

" MALAYA " confirms this
and felt 3 explosions betweeii
0. 15 and 0.47 a.m. and at end
of last attack a brilliant flare lit
up the whole sky.

2.0 am. Battleship of At 1.45 a.m., " FAULK -

'KAISER" Class. NOR," in company with 12th
Flotilla, sighted enemy Battle-
ships on starboard bow steering
South East. Altered coiu'se
parallel to enemy and increased
to 25 knots, and, when ahead,
led first division (" OBEDI-
' ENT," "MINDFUL," "MAR-

VEL," " 0NSLAUC4HT ") round
to a North Westerly course to
attack. Sighted eneniy again
immediately
( KRTAIN. At 2.0 a.m. fired two torpe-

does from port tvibes, one at
second and one at third ship.
When third ship was two pointfy
abaft beam a very heavy explo-
sion took place and ship seen to
blow up. Flames and debris
went vip to a great height. On
firing, altered course to North
North West, and proceeded down
enemy line, six ships in all, first
four being " KAISERS." Thinks
last two were " KAISERS " also
(but probably " KONIGS.")

One Destroyer close under
port quarter of third enemy
Battleship.

Confirmed bv " ON-

SLAUGHT " — fired four tor-
pedoes, hit .second " KAISER "
—flames to 400 ft.

Confirmed bv " OBEDI-
ENT," "MARVEL," "MIND-
FUL." ' .

Explosion was so great that
magazine probably blew up ;
flames went up liigher than

BATTLE OF JUTLAND

2.28 a.m.
1 June.

Battleship
of " KAISER "

class.

PROBABLE.

mast. It is considered that ship
undoubtedlj' blew up and sank.

H.M.S. " MAENAD " re-
ports : —

After sighting enem\''s Battle-
ships at 2.0 a. in., with others of
12th Flotilla, he did not turn
with remainder, as tubes were
not trained to port but held on,
turned some time later and
carried out two attacks, one to
port and second to starboard.
At the second attack the fourth
ship was hit amidships, which
caused a terrific explosion —
apparently of her magazine —
the flames topping her mast-
heads.

Though the shijD ahead and
that astern were seen after this,
the shijD hit was not seen.
The Captain of " MAENAD " is
certain there were five Battle-
ships when he fired and only
four afterwards. He is certain
of the time (taken by deck-
watch), and that there were no
other British ships visible at the
time.

LIGHT CRUISERS,

6.40 p.m.
31 Mav

One enemy

Light

Cruiser.

CERTAIN.

5 52 p m.
(approx.)
31 I\fay

10.1.5 p.m.

One enemy

Light

Cruiser.

CERTAIN.

One enemy

3 funnelled

Ci'uiser

CERTAIN.

5.50 p.m. " DEFENCE " and
" WARRIOR " fired on Light
Cruiser of Russian type. Ship
disabled drifted down between
the lines, was fired upon by the
Battle Fleet and seen to sink
at 6.40 p.m. b}- Lieutenant Dou-
glas G. W. Curry of " SUPERB."

Fired on by 3rd Battle
CruLser Squadron and " CAN-
TERBURY " at 5.52 p.m. All
ships of 3rd Battle Cruisei
Squadron speak of this Light
Cruiser as having blown up and
sunk.

"CASTOR" and 11th Flo-
tilla sighted three enemy Cruisers
at 10.15 p.m. " CASTOR "

attacked with guns and torpe-
does. " MARNE " with torpe-
does. Torpedo hit one of the
Cruisers. Detonation occiu-red.

Confirmed by Lieutenant Charles C. D. Lees, '
Sub-Lieutenant Francis D. Butt,
11.40 p.m. - An enemy

31 May.* ship 3 or 4

funnels.

MORNING STAR " and

' MAGIC."
At 11.40 p.m. " SPITFIRE "
in company with " TIP-
PERARY " and 1st half of 4th
Flotilla, torpedoed and sank an
enemy large ship 3 or 4 funnels

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 39

Following evidence from
Captain of " MALAYA " :
At 11.40 3 points abaft star-
board beam, observed an attack
by our Destroyers on some
enemy big ships, steering the
same way as us, two of
which used searchlights. One of
our Destroyers (" TIPPE-
RARY") was on fire, but not
befoi'e they had hit the second
ship in sight. This was seen
by the column of smoke and also
the explosion was distinctly
CERTAIN, heard and felt. The leading

ship of the enemy, which was
seen by the flash of the explo-
sion and glare from the burning
" TIPPERARY," had two masts,
two funnels and a conspicuous
crane and was without doubt one
of the " NASSAU " class.

It appears very possible

that the ship "SPITFIRE"

sank was a Battleship of the

" HELGOLAND " Class (in

the same Squadron as the

" NASSAU " Class) and not a

Light Cruiser as first reports

appeared to indicate.

Heavy ship Shortly afterwards, " SPIT-

or Light FIRE " rammed and carried

Cruiser, away 20 feet of the side plating

of an enemy three-funnelled

Cruiser. Latter had one red

band on each funnel and two

deri'icks.

3. .5 a.m. One enemy At 3.0 a.m. " SPARROW-

1 June. Light HAWK " was lying disabled

Cruiser. in approximately Lat. 55° 54' N.,

Long. 5° 59' E., when a German

Light Cruiser, three high straight

funnels equally spaced, two masts

CERTAIN. and a straight stem, (probably

"KOLBERG") was sighted

about two miles East, steaming

slowly to the Northward; after

being in sight about five minutes

she gradually heeled over and

sank slowly, bows first.

DESTROYERS.

4.30 p.m. 2 enemy T.B.D.s These two enemy T.B.D.s

31 May. " were simk by Destroyers from

CERTAIN. the 13th, 9th and 10th Flotillas.

7.15 p.m. 1 enemy T.B.D. Midshipman Arthur B. Shep-

31 May. herd-Cross of H.M.S. " NEP-

TUNE " 4" control Officer, in
fore superstructure, was firing

BATTLE OF JCTLAND

at 7.10 p.m. vvitli 4" at second
CERTAIN. from left of enemy Destroyers

attacking. Hit with 4" vvhicli
appeared to do no damage, but
shortly after hit by a larger
shell, after which there was a
large flame and when splash had
subsided the Destroj^er had sunk.

Confirmed by " IRON DUKE " and Commander Edward O.B.S
Osborne, H.M.S. " CONQUEROR."

Midshipman Robert T. Young, H.M.S. " BENBOW.",
Lieutenant Christopher M. Merewether, H.M.S. " CONQUEROR."
Lieutenant Oliver R. Wace, of H.M.S. " CONSTANCE."
Lieutenant Henry C Phillips, H.M.S. " CALLIOPE."

7.22 p.m.
31 xMav.

7.26 p.m.
31 Mav.

7.35 p.m.
31 May.

7 50 p.m.
31 May

,30 p.m.
31 Mav.

One enemy H.M.S. " CALLIOPE " and

T.B D. 4tli Light Cruiser Squadron

ordered out to attack enemy

CERTAIN. T.B.D.s. Opened fire at leading

Destroyer and sank her.

One enemy Lieutenant Russel R. J.

T B D. Pound and Lieutenant Law-

rence B.Hill of H.M.S. •• BELLE-
ROPHON " saw an enemy
Destroyer hit bv, apparenth'.
CERTAIN a 12" shell. This was the third

Destroyer from the left of those
attacking and was quite clear,
as none of them had started to
make a smoke screen. There
was a large flash when shell
exploded and the Destroyer was
seen to sink.

One enemy At 7.35, the left hand De-

T.B.D. 'Stroyer of those attacking was

hit apparently by '" CANADA,"
and after spray had cleai'ed, was
CERTAIN. seen to have tvirned over and to

be bilge up, finally sinking
10 minutes or a quarter of an
hour later.

This was confirmed hv about
half the Fleet.

One enemy At 7.43 p.m Captain D.

T.B.D, 12th Flotilla, ordered " OBE-

DIENT," "MINDFUL,"
"MARVEL" and "ON-
SLAUGHT" to attack an
enemy Destroyer bearing West,
CERTAIN. The " enemy " destroyer was

attacked and sunk at 7.50 p.m.
She was of the " V " class, the
letter being seen, but the number
liaA'ing been shot away. She was
flying a Commodore's pendant.

H.M.S. " VALIANT " con-
firms.

One enemy Fired on by " SOUTHAMP-

T.BD. TON" and "DUBLIN," who

hit her heavily amidships. She

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

PROBABLE.

0.15 a.m.
1 June.

One enemy
T.B.D. "

PROBABLE.

was afterwards sunk by a division
of our Destroyers.

At 0.15 a.m. "CASTOR"
sighted a Torpedo Boat on the
starboard bow. As soon as it was
distinguished as an enemy craft,
" CASTOR " turned to ram her
and opened fire. The Torpedo
Boat was too quick on the helm
and just avoided being rammed,
but received the fire of all guns
at point blank range and was
not seen again. There would
appear to be no doubt that she
was sunk, as she was not seen
by any of the Destroyers who
passed the spot where she was
fired on by " CASTOR."

SUBMARINES.

6.50 p m One enemy A fe w minutes after " jMARL-

31 May. Submarine. BOROUGH " had been struck by

a torpedo, Officers in Trans-
mitting Room, A and Y Shell
RoomS; Director Tower and
Spotting Top of H.M.S. " RE-
VENGE " felt a shock as if the
ship had hit something. The
CERTAIN Officer of " Y " Turret, Captain

Evan Jukes Hughes, R.M.L.I.,
and the Torpedo Officer, Lieut. -
Commander Walter K. E. Con-
lon, R.N , looked over the side
and observed a large patch of
oil with an vipheaval in the
middle with portions of wreck-
age coming to the svu-face.

Reports of H.M. Ships running over submerged objects that may
possibly have been Submarines and could not have been wreckage from
any vessel sunk during the action, by reason of the position of the ship
at the time,

1 1.15 p.m.
31 May.

11.30 p.m.
31 Mav.

POSSIBLE.

" ACTIVE " was felt to bump
something heavilj^. Subsequent
investigation showed that some
15 feet of the starboard bilge
keel had been torn back.

" COLOSSUS." The ship un
mistakably passed over some
object. The noise as of some-
thing scraping along the bottom
was heard and felt by officers in
the Foi'e Transmitting Station,
Ward Room, and Engine Room.
On examination the following
damage was found : —

Starboard outer propeller —
A piece 16" by 6" broken off
one blade; another blade frac-
tured and twisted 6" by 6".

BATTLE OF JUTLAND

4 0am.
1 June

POSSIBLE.

Starboard Inner Propeller —
One blade tip broken off 2" by
12"; another blade tip bent
forward 12" by 3"; remaining
blade edge jagged.

" MALAYA " reports that
Officers in armoured director
tower and engine room state that
the ship struck some object sub-
merged on the starboard side
which scraped along under the
bottom. Ship has been damaged
under water between 38-48 sta-
tions and the Chief Constructor
at Invergordon reports that the
damagt3 cannot j^ossibly have
been caused by shell fire.

The enclosed barograph re-
cord^ from Commander Stanley
T. H. Wilton, R.N., of " MALA-
YA," shows the shock caused by
explosions (presumably from the
torpedoes fi^red by oiu- flotillas
at enemy ships) during the night
of 31st May-lst June. It will
be seen that there are four or
five distinct separate explosions.
The " MALAYA " was in a good
position for recording tliese explo-
sions.

J. R.

Jelltcoe,

ADMIRAL.
19th June, 1916.

Enclosure Xo. 5 in H.F. letter Xo. 1396 0022, dated 18 June, 1916.

Extract from Captain (S.) report to The Chief of the War Staff, X'^o. 0157
of 7 June 1916 re explosions on minefield laid byH.M.S. " ABDIEL,"
31 May-1 June 1916.

Vide Narrative, page 22.

Submarines E. 55, E. 26 and D. 1 left Hai-wich at 7 p.m. (G.M.T.) on
the 30th May, and spread on a line 270"^ from- Vyl Light Vessel, E. 55
4 miles, E. 2is 12 miles, and D. 1 20 miles from it.

2. E. 55 sighted Horn's reef at 0.5 a.m. on the 1st June. At 0.20 a.m.,
a Zeppelin, flying low, approached and E. 55 went to the bottom to the
West of Horn's Reef. At 0.45 a.m. n noise was heard as of a sweep passing
very close to the Submarine.

Between 2.15 and 5.30 a.m., 11 explosions of varying intensity were
heard.

Nothing was seen throughout the day, except a destroyer at 8.25 a.m.,
steering X.W'. It turned back to the S.E. before coming into range.

* Xot reproduced.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

LIST OF SHIPS AND NAMES OF COMMANDING
OFFICERS.

In company
Iron Duke "

Marlborough "

Colossus " -

Hercules "
Neptune "
Colling wood "
Revenge "
Agincourt "
St. Vincent "
Bellona " -
King George V

Orion "

Centurion "
Conqueror "
Erin "

Thunderer "
Monarch "
Ajax "
Boadicea "
Benbow " -

Superb

Canada " -
Bellerophon "
Temeraire "
Vanguard "
Royal Oak "
Blanche " -
Minotaur "

witli the Commander-in-Chief : —

- Captain Frederic C. Dreyer, C.B. (Flying

the Flag of the Commander-in-Chief).
Captain George P. Ross (Flying the Flag of

Vice-Admiral Sir Cecil Burney, K.C.B.

K.C.M.G. ; Captain E. Percy F.'^G. Grant,

Chief of the Staff).
Captain Alfred D. P. R. Pound (Flying the

Flag of Rear-Admiral Ernest F. A. Gaunt,

C.M.G.).
Captain Lewis Chnton-Baker.
Captain Vivian H. G. Bernard.
Captain James C. Ley.
Captain Edward B. Kiddle;
Captain Henry M. Doughty.
Captain Wilham W. Fisher, M.V.O.
Captain Arthur B. S. Dutton.
Captain Frederick L. Field (Flying the Flag

of Vice-Admiral Sir Thomas Jerrani,

K.C.B.).
Captain Oliver Backhouse, C.B. (Flying the

Flag of Rear-Admiral Arthur C. Leveson,

C.B.).
Captain ]\Iichael Culme-Seymour, M.V.O.
Captain Hugh H. D. Tothill.
Captain The Hon. Victor A. Stanlev, M.V.O.,

A.D.C.
Captain James A. Fergusson.
Captam George H. Borrett.
Captain George H. Baird.
Captain Louis C. S. Woollcombe, M.V.O.
Captain Henry Wise Parker (Flying the Flag

of Vice-Admiral Sir Doveton Sturdee, Bt.,

K.C.B., C.V.O., C.M.G.).
Captain Edmond Hyde Parker (Flying the

Flag of Rear-Admiral Alexander L. Duff,

C.B.).
Captain William C. M. Nicholson.
Captain Edward F. Bruen.
Captain Edwin V. Underbill.
Captain James D. Dick.
Captain Crawford Maclachlan.
Captain John M. Casement.
Captain Arthur C. S. H. D'Aeth (Flying the

Flag of Rear-Admiral Herbert L. Heath,

M.V.O.).

BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

Hampshire "
Cochrane "
Shannon "
Defence " -

Duke of Edin-
burgh."
Black Prince " ■
Warrior " -
Invincible "

Indomitable "
Inflexible "
Calliope " -
Caroline " -
Comus " -
Constance "
RoyaHst "
Canterbury "
Chester" -
Active " -
Castor " -

Tipperary "
Broke " ' -
Shark " -
Acasta " -
Spitfire " -

Sparrowhawk
Achates " -

Ambuscade "
Ardent " -
Fortune " -
Porpoise "
Unity "
Garland " -
Christopher "
Contest " -

Owl "
Hardy " -

Midge " -

Ophelia " -
Kempenfelt "
Ossory " -

Captain Herbert J. Savill.
Captain Eustace La T. Leatham.
Captain John S. Dumaresq, M.V.O.
Captain Stanley V. Ellis (Flying the Flag of

Rear-Admiral Sir Robert Arbuthnot. Bt.,

M.V.O. ).
Captain Henry Blackett,

Captain Thomas P. Bonham.
Captain Vincent B. Molteno.
Captain Arthur L. Cay (Flying the Flag of

Rear-Admiral The Hon. Horace L. A.

Hood, C.B., M.V.O., D.S.O.).
Captain Francis W. Kennedy.
Captain Edward H. F. Heaton-Ellis. M.V.O.
Commodore Charles E. Le Mesurier.
Captain H. Ralph Crooke.
Captain Alan G. Hotham.
Captain Cyril S. Townsend.
Captain The Hon. Herbert Meade, D.S.O.
Captain Percy M. R. Royds.
Captain Robert N. Lawson.
Captain Percy Withers.
Commodore (F) James R. P. Hawksley,

M.V.O.
Captain (D) Charles J. Wintour.
Commander Walter L. Allen.
Commander Loftus W. Jones.
Lieutenant -Commander John 0. Barron.
Lieutenant-Commander Clarence W. E.

Trelawny.
Lieutenant-Commander Sydney Hopkins.
Commander Reginald B. C. Hutchinson,

D.S.C.
Lieutenant-Commander Gordon A. Coles.
Lieutenant-Commander Arthur Marsden.
Lieutenant-Commander Frank G. Terry.
Commander Hugii D. Colville.
Lieutenant-Commander Arthur M. Lecky.
Lieutenant-Commander Reginald S. Goff.
Lieutenant-Commander Fairfax M. Kerr.
Lieutenant-Commander Ernald G. H.

Master.
Commander Roliert G. Hamond.
Commander Richard A. A. Plowden.
Lieutenant-Commander James R. C.

Cavendish.
Commander Lewis G. E. Crabbe.
Commander Harold E. Sulivan.
Commander Harold V. Dundas.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

"Martiar' -
" Magic " -
"Minion" -
" Mystic " -
'• Mons "
" Mandate "

" Michael *' -
" Marne " -

" Milbrook "
" Manners "
" Moon ■' -
" Moiinsey "
" Morning Star "
" Faulknor "
" Marksman "
" Obedient "
"Mindful" -
"Marvel" -
" Onslaught "

"Maenad" -
" Narwhal "
" Nessus " -
" Noble " -
" Opal "
" Nonsuch "
" Menace " -
" Munster " -
" Mary Rose "
" Mischief " -

" Oak "

" Abdiel " -

Lieutenant-Commander Julian Harrison.

Lieutenant-Oomniander Gerald C. Wynter.

Lieutenant -Commander Henry C. Rawlings.

Commander Claud F. Allsup.

Lieutenant-Commander Robert Makin.

Lieutenant-Commander Edward McC. W.
Lawrie.

Lieutenant-Commander Claude L. Bate.

Lieutenant-Commander George B. Hart-
ford.

Lieutenant Charles G. Naylor.

Lieutenant-Commander Gerald C. Harrison,

Commander (Acting) William D. Irvin.

Lieutenant-Commander Raljih Y. Eyre.

Lieutenant-Commander Hugh U. Fletcher.

Captain (D) Anselan J. B. Stirling.

Commander Norton A. Sulivan.

Commander George W. McO. Campbell.

Lieutenant-Commander John J. C. Ridley,

Lieutenant-Commander Reginald W. Grubb.

Lieutenant-Commander Arthur G. Onslow,
D.S.C.

Commander John P. Champion.

Lieutenant-Commander Henry V. Hudson.

Lieutenant -C'ommander Eric Q. Carter.

Lieutenant-Commander Henry P. Boxer.

Commander Charles G. C. Sumner.

lieutenant-Commander Herbert I. N. Lyon.

Lieutenant-Commander Charles A. Poignand.

Lieutenant -Commander Spencer F. Russell.

Lieutenant-Commander Edwin A. Homan.

Lieutenant-Commander The Hon. Cyril A.
Ward, M.V.O.

Lieutenant-Commander Douglas Faviell,
M.V.O.

Commander Berwick Curtis.

In company with Vice-Admiral Sir David Beatty, K.C.B.,
M.V.O., D.S.O. :—

" Lion " - - Captain Alfred E. M. Chatfield, C.V.O.

(Flying the Flag of Vice-Admiral Sir

David Beatty, K.C.B., M.V.O., D.S.O.;

Captain Rudolf W. Bentinck, Chief of the

Staff).
" Princess Royal " Captain Walter H. Cowan, M.V.O., D.S.O,

(Flying the Flag of Rear- Admiral Osmond

de B. Brock, C.B.).
" Tiger " - - Captain Henry B. Pelly, M.V.O.
" Queen Mary " - Captain Cecil I. Prowse,

" New Zealand

Indefatigable "
Southampton "

Nottingham "
Birmingham "
DubUn" -
Galatea " -

Inconstant "
Phaeton " -
CordeUa " -
Falmouth "

Birkenhead '
Gloucester "
Yarmouth "
Barham "

Warspite "
Vahant " -
Malaya " -

Champion "
Nestor " -

Nomad" -
Narborough "
Obdurate "
Petard " -

PeUcan" -
Nerissa " -

Onslow " -
Moresby " -
Nicator " -
Fearless " -
Acheron " -
' Ariel "
• Attack " -
' Hydra " -
'Badger" -
' Goshawk "
' Defender "
' Lizard " -

BATTLE OF JLTLAND :

Captain John F. E. Green (Flying the Flag

of Rear-Admiarl William C. Pakenham,

C.B., M.V.O.).
Captain Charles F. .Sowerby.
Commodore William E. Goodenough, M.V.O. ,

A.D.C.
Captain Charles B. Miller.
Captain Arthur A. M. Duff.
Captain Albert C. >Scott.
Commodore Edx^yn H. Alexander-Sinclair,

M.V.O.
Captain Bertram S. Thesiger, C.M.G.
Captain John E. Cameron, M.V.O.
Captain Tufton P. H. Beamish.
Captain John D. Edwards (Fljdng the Flag

of Rear-Admiral Trevylyan D. W. Naper,

M.V.O.).
Caj)tain Edward Reeves.
Captain Wilham F. Blunt, D.S.O.
Captain Thomas D. Pratt.
Captain Arthur W. Craig (Flying the Flag

of Rear-Admiral Hugh Evan-Thomas,

M.V.O.).
Captain Edward M. Phillpotts.
Captain Maurice Woollcombe.
Captain The Hon. Algernon D. E. H. Boyle,

C.B., M.V.O.
Captain (D) James U. Farie.
Commander The Hon. Edward B. S.

Bingham.
Lieutenant -Commander Paul Whitfield.
Lieutenant-Commander Geoffrey Corlett.
Lieutenant -Commander Cecil H. H. Sams.
Lieutenant-Commander Evelyn C. 0. Thom-
son.
Lieutenant-Commander Kenneth A. Beattie.
Lieutenant-Commander Montague G. B.

Legge.
Lieutenant-Commander John C. Tovey.
Lieutenant-Commander Roger V. Ahson.
Lieutenant Jack E. A. Mocatta.
Captain (D) Charles D. Roper.
Commander Charles G. Ramsey.
Lieutenant-Commander Arthur G. Tippet.
Lieutenant-Commander Charles H. N. -James.
Lieutenant Francis G. Glossop.
Commander C. A. Fremantle.
Commander Dashwood F. Moir.
Lieutenant -Commander Lawrence R. Palmer.
Lieutenant-Commander Edward Brooke.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 47

Lapwing " - Lieutenant-Commander Alexander H. Gye.

Lydiard " - - Commander Malcolm L. Goldsmith.

Liberty " - - Lieutenant-Commander Philip W. S. King.

Landrail " - - Lieutenant-Commander Francis E. H. G.

Hobart.

Laurel " - - Lieutenant Henry D. C. Stanistreet.

Moorsom " - Commander John C. Hodgson.

Morris " - - Lieutenant-Commander Edward S. Graham.

Turbulent " ' - Lieutenant-Commander Dudley Stuart.

Termagant "' - Lieutenant-Commander Cuthbert P. Blake.

Engadine " - Lieutenant-Commander Charles G. Robinson.

LETTER FORWARDING REPORTS FROM FLAG
OFFICERS.

No. H15/H.F.0022.

" Iron Duke,"
Sir, 20 June 1916.

With reference to my letter No. 1396/H.F. 0022 of 18 June
1916, relative to the action with the German High Sea Fleet
on 31 May — 1 June 1916, be pleased to lay before the Lords
Commissioners of the Admiralty the enclosed reports which have
been received from Flag and Commanding Officers who took
part in the action.

I am. Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

C. E. MADDEN,
The Secretary for ADMIRAL.

of the Admiralty.

[Schedule of inclosures in letter from ComLmander-in-Chief,
Home Fleets, No. 1415/H.F. 0022, of 20 June, 1916.

Number.

1. " IRON DUKE," 3 June, 1916, No. 153.

2. Vice- Admiral Commanding, First Battle Squadron, 10 June, 1916,

No. 021.

Sub-inclosures.— (1) Track of " MARLBOROUGH " and enemy's-
vessels engaged.^

(2) " MARLBOROUGH "—Gunnery report.

(3) "HERCULES," 4 June, 1916, No. 197.

3. Vice-Admiral Commanding, First Battle Squadron, 11 June, 1916,

No. 021.

Sub-inclosures.— (1) R.A. 1st B.S., 10 June, W.16.

(2) " COLOSSUS," 10 June, No. 658.

(3) "REVENGE," 2 Jime, B. 11 1/2.

(4) "BELLONA," 2 June, 1916.

(5) " NEPTUNE," 10 June, No. 08.

1 Plates 3 and 7a.

48 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

Number.

(6) "AOINCOURT," 10 June, 171/1)2.

(7) "ST. VINCENT," 10 June, E. 106.

(8) " rOLLINCJWOOD," 10 June.

(9) " ROYAL OAK." 10 June.

4. Vice-Adniiral ('oiimuuKling, First Battle Squadron, 13 June, 1916,

No. 457.1
Sub-inclosure.— " MARLBOROUGH " 9 June, 1916.

5. Vice-Aflmiral Cominandiiip, Second Battle Squadron, 5 June, 1916,

No. 149/47. D.

6. Viee-Adniiral Commanding, Fourth Battle Squadron, 4 Jinie, 1916,

No. 0131, t'oiwarding sinamary of p-omtli Battle S(juadron

I'eport.s.

7. Vice-Adniiral Commanding, Fourth Battle Squadron, 5 June, 1916,

No. 0131.
Sub-inclosure. — Rear-Admiral, 4th Battle Scjuadron, 1st and
4th June, No. 017.

8. Vice-Admiral Commanding, Fourth Battle Squathon, 10 June,

1916, No. 94.
Sub-inclosme.— " BENBOW," 8 June, C.85.

9. Vice-Admiral Commanding, Battle-Cruiser Fleet, 12 June, 1916,

B.C.F.Ol.
Sub-inclosures : —

(1) " LION," 4 June, 1916, No. 115.

(2) Rear-Admiral, 1st B.C.S., 3 June, No. Oil.

(3) Rear-Admiral, 1st B.C.S., 3 June, No. Oil, forwarding

report bv senior unwounded sui-viving officer of
" QUEEN MARY."

(4) "PRINCESS ROYAL," 8 June, No. 1/125.

(5) " TIGER," 6 June, F.61/5.

(6) Rear-Admiral, 2nd B.C.S., 3 June, No. 513.

(7) Rear-Admiral, 2nd B.C.S., 6 June, No. 513a, forwarding

report of " NEW ZP]ALAND," 2 June, No. 96/ A. 4.

(8) '' INDOMITAl^LE," 2 June, No. 363/16.

(9) "INDOMITABLE," 3 June, No. 20.S, forwarding report

from "INFLEXIBLE," 2 June, 1916, No. 199. W,
and report from senior surviving officer of " INVINCI-
BLE," dated 2 June.

(10) Commodore, 1st L.C.S., 2 June, No. 30, forwarding rejjort

from "INCONSTANT," 2 June, C.141/46.

(11) Commodore, 2nd L.C.S., 2 June, No. 037/5.

(12) Commodore, 2nd L.C.S., 5 June, No. 037/7.

(13) Connnodore, 2nd L.C.S., 6 June, No. 037/8, forwarding

reports from "NOTTINGHAM," 2 June, No. 66;
" BIRMINGHAM." 2 June, No. 309/10; " DUBLIN,"
2 June, 1916.

(14) Rear-Admiral, 3rd L.C.S., 5 June. No. 0447.

(15) "CHESTER," 2 June, 1916.

(16) Rear-Admiral, 5th B S., 9 June, No. 024. A, inclosing

reports from " BARHAM." 6 June. No. 181 ; " WAR-
SPITE," 4 June; "VALIANT," 3 June and 5 June;
"MALAYA," 6 June. Nos. 88 14 and 89 14.

(17) Captain (D.), 13th Flo., 3 June, No. 60, inclosing report

from "NARBOROUGH." 2 June. 1916.2

1 Not printed, as referring solely to jiersonnel, in no \say bearing
on covirse of action.

2 This report from " Narborough " will be found in Enclosine (19);
it was not forwarded in Enclosin-e (17).

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 49

(18) Captain (D.), 13th Flo., 7 June, No. 60.

(19) Captain (D.), 13th Flo., 9 June, No. 60, inclosing reports

from " NICATOR," 4 June; " PETARD," 2nd June;
"NARBOROUGH," 2 June; " OBDURATP:;' 3
June; • MORESBY," 3 June; " NERISSA," 5 June;
" PELICAN," 4 June; " ONSLOW," 2 June.

(20) Captain (D.), 1st Flo., 2 June, No. 013.

(21) Captain (D.), 1st Flo., No. 013, inclosing reports from

"ATTACK," 3 June; "DEFENDER," 3Jmie;J
extracts from reports of proceedings of " ACHERON,"
"ARIEL," "BADGER"; report from "LIZARD,"
2 June, 1916.

(22) Captain (D.), 1st Flo., No. 013.B.

(23) Commodore (T.), 10 June, No. 00101, forwarding reports

from "LYDIARD," 3 Jime; "LAUREL," 9 June;

"LANDRAIL," 9 June; "LIBERTY," 9 June;

"MOORSOM," 6 June; "MORRIS," 1 June;

" TERMAGANT "11 June.
^24) " ENGADINE," 2 June, 1916.
(25) " CANTERBURY," 2 Jime, 1916.

10. Rear- Admiral Commanding, Second Cruiser Squadron, 4 June

1916, No. 110 001/13.

Sub-inclosures : —

(1) " MINOTAUR," 3 June, No. 274/14.

(2) " HA:MPSHIRE," 3 June, No. 7.B/83.

(3) " COCHRANE," 2 Jime, No. 143/B.W.

(4) " SHANNON," 4 Jime, M.6/1.

(5) ■• MINOTAUR "—Extracts from log.

(6) •• MINOTAUR "—Track chart. 2

11. Rear- Admiral Commanding, Second Cruiser Squadron, 5 June,

1916, No. 111/001/13, forwarding report of "DUKE OF
EDINBURGH," 4 June, No. 1/32.

12. Captain V. B. Molteno, late of " WARRIOR," 31 May, 16.

13. Captain V. B. Molteno, late of " WARRIOR," 7 Jime, 16.

14. Captain V. B. Molteno, late of " WARRIOR," 8 Jime, 16.

1.5. Commodore Commanding, Fourth Light-Cruiser Squadron, 3 June
1916, C.14.

16. Commodore Commanding, Fourth Light-Cruiser Squadron, 8 June,

1916, C.17/1, forwarding report from " ABDTEL," 7 June, 1916.

17. "IRON DUKE," 10 June, No. 013, forwarding report from

" OAK," 9 June, 1916.

18. Vice-Admiral Commanding, First Battle Squadron, 9 .June, 1916,

forwarding report from " ACTTV^E," 9 June, 1916.

19. "ACTIVE," 10 June, 1916.

20. Commodore (F.), 3 June, 1916, No. 0017/2.

21. Commodore (F.), 6 June, 1916, No. 0017/2.

Sub-inclosiu-es : —

(1) " SPITFIRE," 3 June.

(2) Copy of telegi-am 2240 of 4 June, S.N.O., Tyne, to

•'^ CYCLOPS."

(3) Copy of telegi-am 1630 of 3 June, S.N.O. Aberdeen to

R.A. Longhope.

(4) " ACASTA," 3 June.

(5) Copy of telegram ir)20 of 4 June, S.N.O. Tyne to

" CYCLOPS."

^ Not printed. See note page 244. - Plates 24 and 2.5.

X 12872 D

50 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

(6) " ACHATES," 3 June.

(7) " AMBUSCADE," 3 June.

(8) Report of Lieut-Commr. Marsden, 3 June, of loss of

" ARDENT."

(9) " PORPOISE," 3 June.

(10) "UNITY," 3 Jimo.

(11) " CHRISTOPHER," 2 June.

(12) "GARLAND," 2 June.

(13) "OPHELIA," 3 June.

(14) "OWL," 2 June.

(15) Rear-Admiral, East Coast of England, 3 June, No.

696/W.962 (Narrative of survivors of "SHARK").

(16) Report from iMeut-Commr. S. Hopkins of loss of

" SPARROWHAWK."

(17) "BROKE," 3 June.

(18) "BROKE," 8 June.

22, Commodore (F.), 14th June. 1916, No. 0017/2.

Sub-inclosures : —

(1) Report of Act.-Sub-Lt. N. J. W. VVilliam-Powlett,.

8 June, of loss of " TIPPERARY."

(2) " SPITFIRE," 4 June.

(3) " PORPOISE," 6 June.

(4) Lt.-Commr. Hopkins of " SPARROWHAWK," 5 June.

23. Commodore (F.), 4 June, 1916, No. 0017/2A.

Sub-inclosures : —

(1) "FAULKNOR," 3 Jime, No. 0017/2.

(2) " MAENAD," 5 June.

(3) " ONSLAUGHT," 3 June.

" IRON DUKE," 1 track, 30 May-2 Jmie.i
" IRON DUKE," 1 track, 6-9 p.m., 31 May.^
" KING GEORGE V," 1 track, 6-9 p.m., 31 May.3
" ORION," 1 track, 6-10 p.m., 31 May.*
"THUNDERER," 1 track, 6-8.30 p.m., 31 May^.
"DUKE OF EDINBURGH," 1 track, 5.30-8 p.m.,
31 May. 6

30. Fourth Light-Cruiser Squadi'on, 1 track, 4 p.m., 31 May-1.30 p.m.

1 June.''

31. Battle-Cruiser Fleet, 1 track, 9.24 p.m., 31 May-1.30 p.m., 1 June.*

32. Battle -Cruiser Fleet, 1 track, 2 p.m.-9.24 p.m., 31 :May.«

1 Plate 6a. - Plate 2. ^ pi^te 8.

* Plate 29. ^ pj^te 30. " Plate 1 la.

' Plate 12a. « pj^te 11. » Plate 10.

24.

H.M.S.

25.

H.M.S.

26.

H.M.S

27.

H.M.S.

28.

H.M.S

29.

H.M.S

ENCLOSURE N9 ID BATTLE PLAN

Approxirr

ate

positi

ons

of the

Gra

eet

Ger

man

Sea

Fie

.P.M.

May

1916

''^'^ik. '"

4 ^ing George

\ Centurion ' "
I Er,n

I Or, on
A Moni^rch

I Conrjueror
^ Thunderer

%tron Duke
I Royal Oeh
4 Superb
4 Canada

I Benbo'^,

^ Bellerophon

I Vanguard

I Colling^ood
4 Naptune
% St Vincent

% Marlborough
% Revenge
4 Hercules
4 Agincourb

4 Valiant 1^^
4 Malaya

0 Hottir.jhBm
0 DoW.V.

Scouting

High Sea
Fleet

Scale

../f..^.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 51

LETTER FROM COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF FORWARDING

TRACINGS.

No. 1985/H.F.0022.

" Iron Duke,"

Sir, 29 August 1916.

With reference to Admiralty letter M. 05697 of 8 July
1916, enclosing a proof of the Narrative of the action with the
German High Sea Fleet on 31 May-1 June 1916, be pleased to
inform the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty that the proof
has been corrected and is returned herewith.

2. The plan of the battle was found to require amendment
and a revised tracing ^ is therefore enclosed, together with an
additional tracing showing the order of the Battlefleet.^

I am, Sir,

Your obedient Servant,
J. R. JELLICOE,
The Secretary of the Admiral.

Admiralty.

Note. — Admiral of the Fleet Viscount Jellicoe is of opinion
from later consideration of all the evidence that the original
Plan (Plate la), forwarded with his Despatch of 18th June 1916,
is more correct than the revised Plan referred to in the above
letter of the 29th August 1916 (Plate 4a).

1 Plate 4a. 2 p]ate 5a.

D 2

PCcUel

E NCLC

Showing i
Fleet

Phaeton (j
Cordelia Q

Galatea (j

Champion (^

Nerissa I

Moresby 1

QBellons

Lydiard i
Liberty k
Landrail 1
Laurel 1
Moor so m t
Morris i
Turbulent I
Termaganti
Nicator I

( Narborough
\ Obdurate
I Petard
1 Pelican

Q Fearless

Co
Co
Nd

•

Ms.
FU

Wurspite

•

0
0
0
0

4 I ■ . ■ I ■ ■ I I I

Cables

ioore-i^?66Jii/3 (Is) 530.;. 12 20

MalbviSonsAith

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 51

LETTER FROM COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF FORWARDING

TRACINGS.

No. 198o/H.F.0022.

" Iron Duke,"

Sir, 29 August 1916.

2. The plan of the battle was found to require amendment
and a revised tracing ^ is therefore enclosed, together with an
additional tracing showing the order of the Battlefleet.^

I am, Sir,

Your obedient Servant,
J. R. JELLICOE,
The Secretary of the Admiral.

Admiralty,

Note. — Admiral of the Fleet Viscount Jellicoe is of opinion
from later consideration of all the evidence that the original
Plan (Plate 1«), forwarded with his Despatch of 18th June 1916,
is more correct than the revised Plan referred to in the above
letter of the 29th August 1916 (Plate 4a).

1 Plate 4a. '' Plate .5a.

D 2

52 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

CAPTAIN'S REPORT— H.M.S. "IRON DUKE."

Enclosure No. 1 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/16 from

C.-in-C. Home Fleets.
No. lo:i

H.M.S. " Iron Duke,"
Sir, 3rd June 1916.

T HAVE the honour to submit the attached brief report
of the part taken by your Flagship. H.M.S. " Iron Duke "
during the Action with tl;ie German High Sea Fleet off the
Coast of Jutland on the 31st May 1916.

2. As no casualties occurred on board " Iron Duke," which

was not hit by the Enemy's fire, no strain was thrown on the

Ship's personnel or organization and, consequently, I am not

specially mentioning the services of particular Officers and Men.

The bearing of all was in every way admirable.^

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

FRED. C. DREYER,
The Commander-in-Chief, Captain.

H.M. Ships and Vessels,
Home Fleets.

BRIEF ACCOUNT OF THE ACTION OFF JUTLAND
OF 31sT MAY 1916.

The attached Notes on the Action by the following Officers
are forwarded as they are of interest, not only in describing
events, but also any difficulties they had to cope with.

Commander (G) Geoffrey Blake, R.N. - In Gun Control Tower.

— Principal Control

Officer.
Lieut. -Commander Thomas F. P. In " B " Turret.

Calvert, R.N.
Lieut. Richard Shelley, R.N. - - In 13-o-in. Transmitting

Station — In Charge.
Mr. Herbert D. Jehan, Gunner R.N. - In 6-in. Control Top,

aloft. 6-in. (^ontrol
Officer.
Mr. Francis W. Potter, Gunner, R.N. In 13-o-in. Director

Tower Aloft— 13- 5-in.
Director-Gunner.
All times given are G.M.T. All Courses Magnetic.
I was in the Conning Tower with Captain Oliver E. Leggett,
Master of the Fleet, and Lieutenant Commander (T) Edward W.

» Plates 2 and 6a.

Plate 2,

Plot or the brack of H.f^nd 900 p.m
31^^ May 1316. All course^. T.

Scale -= I Inc^ to A- Miles

6 51

<rr

7 0S
07

7-33

7S9

Plot of the track of H. MS. Iron Duke between 600p.m. and 9 OOp.m
31^^ May 1316. All courses are maqnetic^ and all times G.M.T.

Scale- I Inch to 4- M.les

^^S-f/f " 9^-«""" 600 to 300 Made qood S IZ // w(m,^) 33

^^cJtr

Course South 17 Knots

Mai by A. Sons. Lnh

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 53

MacKichan, R.N., throughout the Action, and had a very good
view of the whole situation.

The Communications worked very well.

The Navy phones were noticeably better than Voicepipes, the
former requiring no shouting, but it is fully realised that Voicepipes
possess the great advantage of reliability — in fact, they have to
be blown away before being out of action.

The Light was bad, the weather being misty, the visibihty
varying during the actual firing from 10,000 to about 16,000 yards.
At 4.0 p.m. — " Action " was sounded, the Hands having had Tea,
and the Decks having been cleared up.

All preparations for Immediate Action were then made.

At 6.0. p.m. — Course was S.E. — ^20 knots.

At 6.2 p.m. — Altered Course by 9 Pendant to S. — 18 knots.

At 6.5 p.m. — Altered Course by 9 Pendant to S.E.

At 6.14 p.m. — Formed Line of Battle to Port by Equal Speed
Pendant. Co. S.E. by E. " Iron Duke " being
" straddled " at this time by two Enemy's Heavy
Projectiles, with large " spread."

Our Battle Cruisers, which had shortly before come in sight
on a Southerly bearing, firing to South Westward, rapidly cleared
the Battle Line, disclosing a German 3-funnelled Cruiser some-
what Uke the " Kolberg " Class, but with larger Funnels, she was
apparently stopped and on fire.

6.23 p.m. —Opened Fire with the Turrets on the 3-funnelled
Cruiser. Bearing about 80 Green. Range, 11,000.
Fall of Shot very easy to observe.
The 3rd Salvo Straddled.
After the 4th Salvo — Ceased Fire.
6.25 p.m. — Speed 15 knots.
6.30| p.m. — Opened Fire on a Battleship of " Konig " Class.

Bearing 70 Green— Range, 12,000. The 2nd, 3rd,
and 4th Salvoes hitting her, with a total of at
least 6 Hits.
Enemy Steaming in the same direction as " Iron
Duke " on a slightly converging course.
6.33 p.m.— Course S. 71° E. 17 knots.

The Bearing of the Enemy was now S. 14° W.
The Bearing of the Sun was N. 54° W.
The Enemy was fit up by the Sun, whereas '' Iron
Duke " was probably invisible to them in the mist.
.However that may be, the " Konig " Battleship did
not return " Iron Duke's " Fire, although heavily
hit.
9 Salvoes, comprising a total of 43 rounds, were fired
at her in 4 minutes 50 seconds.
At 6.40 p.m.— Course S. 56° E.
At 6.44 p.m.— Course S. 46° E.
At 6.51 p.m.— Course S. 8° E.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 53

MacKichan, R.N., throughout the Action, and had a very good
view of the whole situation.

The Communications worked very well.

The Navyphones were noticeably better than Voicepipes, the
former requiring no shouting, but it is fully realised that Voicepipes
possess the great advantage of reliability — in fact, they have to
be blown away before being out of action.

The Light was bad, the weather being misty, the visibihty
varying durhig the actual firing from 10,000 to about 16,000 yards.

At 4.0 p.m. — " Action " was sounded, the Hands having had Tea,
and the Decks having been cleared up.

All preparations for Immediate Action were then made.

At 6.0. p.m. — Course was S.E. — 20 knots.

At 6.2 p.m. — Altered Course by 9 Pendant to S. — 18 knots.

At 6.5 p.m. — Altered Course by 9 Pendant to S.E.

At 6.14 p.m. — Formed Line of Battle to Port by Equal Speed
Pendant. Co. S.E. by E. " Iron Duke " being
" straddled " at this time by two Enemy's Heavy
Projectiles, with large " spread."

6.23 p.m. —Opened Fire with the Turrets on the 3-funnelled
Cruiser. Bearing about 80 Green. Range, 11,000.
FaU of Shot very easy to observe.
The 3rd Salvo Straddled.
After the 4th Salvo — Ceased Fire.
6.25 p.m. — Speed 15 knots.
6.30| p.m. — Opened Fire on a Battleship of " Konig " Class.

Bearing 70 Green— Range, 12,000. The 2nd, 3rd,
and 4th Salvoes hitting her, with a total of at
least 6 Hits.
Enemy Steaming in the same direction as " Iron
Duke ■■ on a slightly converging course.
6.33 p.m.— Course S. 71° E. 17 knots.

The Bearing of the Enemj'^ was now S. 14° W.
The Bearing of the Sun was N. 54° W.
The Enemy was lit up by the Sun, whereas " Iron
Duke " was probably invisible to them in the mist.
However that may be, the " Konig " Battleship did
not return " Iron Duke's " Fire, although heavily
hit.
9 Salvoes, comprising a total of 43 rounds, were fired
at her in 4 minutes 50 seconds.
At 6.40 p.m.— Course S. 56° E.
At 6.44 p.m.— Course S. 46° E.
At 6.51 p.m.— Course S. 8° E.

54 BATTLE OF .ITTLAND :

At 7. or) p.m. — Course S.W. by S.
At 7.07 ]).m.^ — Course South.

7.11 p.m. — Gin. ()j)ene(l Fire on p]nemy T.B.D.'s attacking the

Battle Fleet. Green, (h". About 10,000 yds.,

and sank one Enemy T.B.D., and fired on another.

7,13 p.m. — Opened Fire with Turrets on Enemy Battleship,

Green, 74. Range 15,400 yards. Enemy .^teaming

nearly directly away.

4 Salvoes Fired, no hits were observed.

7.18 p.m. — Ceased Fire, as Enemy was hidden by a very good

Smoke Screen made by his Destroyers.
7.20 p.m.- — Trained Turrets on Enemy Battle Cruiser bearing
99 Green, but before Fire could be opened she
also was hidden by a Smoke Screen made by
attending Enemy's T.B.D.'s.
At 7.23 p.m.— Course S. 19° E.
At 7.24 p.m. — 6-in. Opened Fire on Enemy's T.B.D.'s attacking

Battle Fleet. Green 115." Range, 10,000.
At 7.27 p.m. — Turrets opened fire, Green 110, Range 9,600
yards, on Enemy's T.B.D.'s Avhich were
attacking the Battle Fleet.
One Salvo fired, which the Director Gunner states
blew up an Enem^^ T.B.D.
At 7.31 p.m.— Ceased Firing.

Total ammunition fired — 13-5-in. — 90 rounds.

6-in. — 50 rounds.

H.M.S. " Oak " reports that " at abrmt 7.35 p.m. the track
of a Torpedo w^as observed to cross the track of our ships, about
200 yards ahead of ' Iron Duke,' Torpedo was travelling slowly.
Track finished about 2,000 yards on the Port side of the Line,
and the Torpedo sank. Direction of the track was S.E."

Another Torpedo was also reported by " Benbow " which
was 4th ship astern of " Iron Duke," at 8.31 p.m. " It is
believed that the Torpedo passed ahead of ' Iron Duke,' " but
this was not seen by " Iron Duke," although two signalmen
were specially stationed under a Signal Officer aloft, to look out
for Torpedoes.

It is quite possible that this is due to the difficult light
conditions rendering the track invisible from " Iron Duke."

During the night, in view of the proximity of Heavy Enemy's
Ships, the Hands remained at Action Stations, the Gun«' Crews
at their Guns, but being allowed to sleep in turn.

The Corned Beef and Biscuits provided at the Quarters were
served out. Cocoa was provided from 9.30 p.m. onwards, and
Breakfast brought to the Quarters at 7.30 a.m.

1 ^ sj: 9|: ^ ^

^ Pai't omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations
i.e., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 55

The Turrets were fired throughout by Director, Avhich system
possesses enormous advantages over any other in Action.

The close study which has been made of the Silhouettes of
German ships enabled those sighted to be recognised, except a
Battle Cruiser with very large square Funnels, which might have
been the " Lutzow."

The Rangefinders obtained very good results, notwithstanding
the bad hght, and were of the greatest assistance in keeping the
range.

The Rangetakers reported that the Enemy's Pole Masts were
easier to Range on than those of our own ships.

No Torpedoes were fired as the large number of our own

ships which from time to time crossed the space between the

Battle Fleets rendered it inadvisable to fire the slow E.R.

Torpedoes, and the Enemy were out of Range for the 30 knot

■ Setting.

The Engine Room Department experienced no difficulties
during the action.

FRED. C. DREYER,

Captain.

NOTES MADE BY LIEUTENANT RICHARD
SHELLEY, R.N., ON "IRON DUKES " 13-5-IN.
TRANSMITTING STATION.
G.M.T.

P.M.

5.55. Heavy firing on the Starboard bow.

Stand by to load.
Director firing.

B.C.F. are heavily engaged on the Starboard bow
bearing about 65 Green.
5.59. Load.

6. 4. Green 40. •

6.23. All left Guns to the "Ready."

6.25. Straddle.

6.251. Check fire.

6.29|. 70 Green IncHnation 100 to the left.
6.30|-. Open fire. Spotting corrections, * * *^ No
correction ; Straddle no correction ; Enemy on
fire • * * * 1
6.37.10. No spotting correction.
6.37.40. Check Fire. 90 Green.

For information Enemy was straddled and badly hit
twice, a fire broke out under " A " and " B "
Turrets. Enemy a/c 14 points and disappeared in
the mist.
Passed sunken ship on starboard side.
Train 60 Green follow the Director.

^ See note on p. 381.

56 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

G.M.T.

P.M.

7. 6. Target 28 green. " Q ", " X " and " Y " train
40 Green and stand by to pick up the target.
Ship altering course to Port.

7.14. "Ready."

7.14.20. Open fire.

7.17.30. Fired * * *i

7.19.10. Five guns * * *^ No correction for range.

7.21.20. Target shifted train 99 green. Range 14,000.

7.23. Check Fire.

7.24.45. 6-in. oj^ened fire.

7.26. Destroyer, train 136 green. Check bearing 110 green.

7.27.50. Open fire 5 guns.

7.26.50. Check Fire (Director reports target has gone).

7.40. All Turrets train 90 Green.
7.42. Ammunition expended : —

" A " 18 rds. Common

" B " 17 rds. Common

" Q " 18 rds. Common VNo breakdowns.

" X " 19 rds. Common

" Y." 18 rds. Common J
8.10. Turrets load cages with Lyddite A. P. Shell.

8.20.30. Battle Fleet is deploying into line of Battle again,
8.23. Heavy firing ahead.

8.30. Train 60 Green.

8.32.50. 70 Green.

8.41, Enemy's Battle Fleet is somewhere on the Starboard

beam, a Hght cruiser has just been engaging them.
9. 9. Heavy firing on starboard beam. All turrets train

90 Green.
11.55, Train 90 Red, follow the Director, stand fast "B'"

turret.

1st June, 1916.

A.M.

1, 4. Light on Port beam (From Director).

2.30. Train 40 Green.

2.35. Alter course to Starboard.

2.37. Alter course to Port, to original course (166 Gyro),

2.45. Lined up for training. Read ofif elevation receivers.

Put range on range transmitter.

2.46. Make certain that all rangefinders and periscopes

are clean.

2.55. Cages are to be kept loaded with Common. Train

fore and aft.
3.22, For information, Firing right ahead.

3.52. Firing on Port beam. Stand by to open fire.

3.56. 96 Green a Zeppelin.

1 See note on p. 381.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 57

G.M.T.
A.M.

4. l.\. Zeppelin altered course to Starboard, rate 900 opening.

4. 3. Do not load cages with shrapnel. Zeppelin is ai)pa-
rently retiring.

4.15. All Turrets are to be ready to load with Common.

5.48. Turrets train 60 Green.

6. 7. Turrets train 80 Red follow^ the Director.

10.46. Cook-i of Messes fallen out to prepare dinner.

12. 0. " A , " Q ■' and " Y " Turrets Crews to Dinner.

P.M.

1. 0. "B " and "X" to Dinner.

2.23. Secure.

NOTES MADE BY SHORTHAND IN " B " TURRET OF

H.M.S. 'IRON DUKE" AT THE DICTATION OF

LIEUTENANT COMI^IANDER T. F. P. CALVERT, R.N..

DURING THE ACTION OF 31st MAY 1916.

G.M.T.

P.M.

5.55. Stand By to load.

5.58. Ship 19 knots.

6. 0. Battle Cruiser, Starboard Bow, 64 Green. Turrets

load — Bela3^

6. 2. Turrets load."^

6. 3. Both Gun^ loaded.

6. 5. Stand by to train 40 Green.

6. 6. White smoke on Upper Deck of " Lion " Port side.

6. 8. Ship 18 knots.

6.10. Turrets train 90 Green. "Lion" still on fire.

6.12. Big shot just short of a destroyer bearing 50 Green.

Firing with flashes this way beiaring also about
50 Green.

6.13. Shot fell about 4,000 yds. over on our beam.

6.14. Fleet deployed to port.

6.15. 11,000.

6.16.30. Enemy shij), very much on fire, only white smoke,

apparently stopped.
6.16.50. " Lion " " A " and " B " fire 2 gun salvo.
6.17.10. Next ship to " Lion " fired a salvo.

6.18. More enemy ships about.

6.18.25. They are right on our beam, 10"" right of where we are.
6.18.45. Two enemy shots fell between "Lion" and 4
funnelled cruiser on her port beam.

6.19. 4. Battle Cruiser, "Inflexible" class, fired salvo.
6.19.30. Ship alter course to starboard.

6.19.50. Enemy ship apparently blown up. (This must have
been " Defence.")

6.20. Speed of ship 15 knots.
6.20.22. Ship steady bearing 83 Green.

58 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

G.M.T.

P.M.

G.20.35. Sliip alter course.

6.20.50. We are 9th ship of Hne bearing 88 Green.

(>.21. 5. Another enemy ship — right on her now — 3 funnels. 2

masts.
(5.22. 10. Speed of .^lip 17.

6.23.30. Opened fire. 1st .salvo, 3 shots spotted short ; 2nd
salvo, Straddle ; 3rd Salvo, over ; 4th salvo, Not
spotted.
6.25.40. Check fire.
6.25.50. Ship ahead opened fire.
6.26.10. Steam escaping amidships.
6.26.15. British Destroyer passing, 2 black balls up, Not

under control, 2 men on forecastle.
6.26.20. Target 70 Green.

6.30.25. Opened fire, 1st Salvo shots fell right and short.
6.31. 2nd Salvo, all over. Not sighted at all.

6.31.40. 3rd salvo not spotted.
6.32.10. Ship alter course to port.
6.32.30. 4th salvo straddle over.
6.33. Rapid salvoes. 5th salvo not spotted.

6.33.25. 6th salvo enemy on fire.
6.33.48. 7th salvo short.
6.34.25. 8th salvo not spotted.
6.35.13. 9th salvo not spotted.
6.35.55. 10th salvo not spotted.

6.36. Enemy alter course to starboard 300 opening.

6.36.15. Check fire.
6.39.10. Ship 15.

6.40.10. Ship alter course to Starboard.
6.42.50. Passed another British destroyer not under contro

with " 39 " on her stern.
6.43.30, Destroyer has collision mat over port bow and fire
abaft after funnel.

Very misty, cannot see any enemy ships.

All turrets train 90 Green.

Ship on starboard bow, broken in half.

Wing Battleship has just opened fire with a salvo
and the second ship.

9,300 Turned, went ofl^ the target.

Target 28 Green.

11,400.

Ship alter course to port. Target is the left-hand ship.

11,000.

10,600.

12,000.

11,900.

13,500.

14,100.

14,800.

6.45.10.

6.48.45.

6.50.

0.30.

4.10.

5.35.

6.10.

6.50.

7.48.

8.10.

8.40.

7.10.

7.10.40.

7.11.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

O.M.T.

P.M.

7.11.20. Our 0-in. fired.

7.11.45. 15,300 One Destroyer on this bearing stopped, and

one turning in circles.

7.12.10. Our (i-in. fired.

7.12.30. Enemy 18.

7.12.35. 15,500.

7.12.50. Our 6-in. opened heavy fire on enemy destroyers.

7.13. 15,400—400 closing.

7.13.10. All left guns ready.

7.13.40. 1st salvo, shots fell right.

7.14.25. 15,500.

7.14.40. 15,000.

7.14.45. 2nd salvo, still right.

7.15.5. 15,700.

7.15.50. Enemy reduced to 10 knots. Range 14,900.

7.16. Inclination 40 to the left.
7.16.18. 15,500.

7.16.40. 15,600.

7.16.50. Ship alter course to starboard slowly.

7.16.55. 3rd salvo. 20 Starboard.

7.17. 5. 15,300.
7.17.30. 125 opening.

7.17.45. Enemy destroyers making a smoke screen.

7.18.30. 4th salvo. One of enemy ships got hit all right.

7.18.25. 16,200.

7.20.32. Target shifted 99 Green.

7.20.45. Enemy 17, 11,300.

7.21. 12.200.

7.21.10. 11.900.

7.21.25. 12,000.

7.21.35. 12,200.

7.21.50. 12,500.

7.22.10. Ship alter course to port.

7.22.15. Two enemy destroyers about 9,000.

7.23.15. Check fire.

7.23.50. Six enemy destroyers within range.

7.24. 6-in. opened fire on enemy destroyers short, * * * i

7.24.50. 6-in. fired on destroyers 135 Green.

7.25.25. 8,900.

7.25.30. Bring left guns to ready.

7.25.40. 8,700.

7.25.48. Enemy 17.

7.26. 5. 9,000.

7.26.20. Ship altering course to portg

7.26.30. 9,000.

7.27. 3. 1st salvo, short.
7.28.13. Check fire.

^ See note on p. 381.

60 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

G.M.T.

P.M.

7.30.40. Four Light Cruisers and llotilla going after enemy
destroyers, one has stopped.

7.32.10. Passed something floating in water.

8.25.30. Nine heavy ships ahead.

8.20.40. Ship 15.

8.29.50. Turrets train 80 Green.

8.31. 5. Ship 16.

8.31.50. Train 70 Green.

8.33.30. Ship 17.

9.07.00. Train 90 Green.

9.14.00. Star shell burst on starboard beam.

NOTES MADE IN THE 13-5-in. GUN CONTROL TOWER
TO THE DICTATION OF COMMANDER (G) G. BLAKE,
R.N.. IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE ACTION OF 31st

MAY 1916.

Heavy Firing first heard about 70 Green.

Shortly after. Battle Cruiser Fleet were made out steering
across Bow, firing well on an extreme forward starboard bearing.

The Ships seen were " Lion," " Princess Royal," " Tiger,"
and " New Zealand."

Afterwards 4 Ships of the 5th B.S. were sighted, coming
obliquely towards Battle jfleet from Starboard Wing, they joined
Battle Fleet.

Battle Fleet deployed to Port, into Line of Battle.

About this time, a German three-funnelled Cruiser was
observed badly damaged and in a sinking condition.

" Iron Duke " to clear bores of Guns, fired four Salvoes.

No hits were observed, although straddled.

All other ships within Range were firing at her, especially a
Cruiser (" Shannon " Class) which got in front of Battle Line,
made a large quantity of smoke and obscured everything on
firing side, eventually drawing off towards the rear of the hne.

After Battle Cruisers had passed, 3 or 4 German
Battlesliips of " Konig " Class appeared in the mist, about
70 Green.

* * * *i .Range, ILOOO. * * *i

First Salvo Short.

Second Salvo Straddle — 3 Hits.

Third Salvo, 1 Hit — Straddle over.

Fourth Salvo, 2 Hits.

Then enemy altered course about 12 Points, and was lost
in the mist and smoke, two more salvoes were fired and appeared
to be falling short.

Check fire.

^ See note on p. .381.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 61

An enormous explosion occurred on the starboard quarter,
sending up a column of white smoke about 1,000 ft. high.

Passed sunken Ship, which proved to be " Invincible."

We then sighted what appeared to be a Battleship very much
like the " Queen Ehzabeth " Class, but with two thin pole masts,
evidently an enemy ship ; several of our own ships were firing
at her.

We opened fire at her, at a range of about 16,000 yards,
* * * ^ shots fell * * * ^ to the right, and by the time
the deflection was corrected, and about four salvoes fired, she
had disappeared in the mist.

She apparently had a number of l^estroyers around her.

Fire was checked, and shortly afterwards another Battleship
came into sight, but before fire could be opened on her, she was
obscured by smoke, her l>earing was about 93 Green. She was
probably the " Liitzovv'."

Nothing happened for some time, but eventually a Destroyer
attack developed, and the 6-in. were firing continuously for
about ten minutes to a quarter of an hour.

The results Avere not seen.

Shortly after Turrets were directed on to Destroyer bearing
110 Green, and one Salvo was fired.

The Director Gunner states Destroj^er fired at disappeared.

No more firing was (-arried out.

This was the last occasion of engaging the Enemy.

Heavy firing was observed on the Starboard Bow, and
*' Calliope " was seen to be hit amidships; the flash lit up the
whole of the Main Deck. She, however, continued to proceed.

When it got dark. Course was altered to South, and we
appeared to have got well ahead of High Sea Fleet, which have
been firing at intervals right aft on the Starboard Quarter.

The turrets fired IS rounds per turret, Capped Powder,
Common Shell.

NOTES MADE IN THE 13-5-in. GUN DIRECTOR TOWER

ALOFT, AT THE DICTATION OF Mr. F. W. POTTER,

GUNNER, R.N., OF H.M.S. " IRON DUKE," DURING THE

ACTION OF 31st MAY 1916.

(Times and Bearings, Approximate.)

At 4 p.m., Action being sounded, I repaired to the l3-5-in.
Director Tower, and Tested all Circuits. I then received informa-
tion from T.S. that our Destroyers were engaging the Enemy's
Battle Cruisers, and that we should probably be in action in
about one hour's time.

Also that 4 ships of the 5th Battle Squadron were
engaging the enemy, and the German High Sea Fleet Avere
standing North.

See note on p. 381.

02 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

At about 5.25, I observed flashes from Guns, bearing about
Green 60, and about 6 p.m. the Battle Cruisers could be seen
heavily engaged with the enemy.

6.25 we opened fire at a three funnelled Cruiser, which looke<l
like the " Augsburg " Class, Range 11,500.

The first was short, the second over, and the third straddled.

After this the shooting a})i)eared t:j be good, but unfortunately
the enemy got obscured by smoke.

About this time three Battleships of the " Konig " Class
appeared bearing Green 70.

1 then received the order to train Green 70, Battleship of the
" Koenig " Class, and fire was opened on her.

About six hits ivere obtahied in the vicinity of 'A " a7id " B "
Turrets, one salvo causiny a big fire on the fore part of the ship.
The last salvo fired was a straddle short, as I distinctly saw
one shot hit the ship's side and explode.

The enemy nov/ turned awa}^ and were obscured by the
mist, and the order " check fire " was given.

One of our Destroyers was observed, badly damaged, and a
little later we passed a sunken ship which afterward^ was
reported to be the " Invincible." There were a good many
men in the water, and a Destroyer was standing by, picking
them up.

After this we passed what appeared to be a ship bottom
upwards, which I reported to the Commander.

I was then shifted to another ship, which disappeared in the
mist after a few salvoes had been fired at her.

A. large Cruiser of the " Moltke " Class came into view,
accompanied by about seven Destroyers.

I was put on to the Criiiser, which made a splendid Target,
but she was very soon screened b}- the Destroyer's smoke, so
I reported the Enemy obscured. It seemed that as soon as she
saw the Fleet she turned about and disappeared.

I then received the order to Train Green 110 a Destroyer,
foUoAved by the order " Green 120, a Destroj^er."' After Ranging
for a few moments, the order '''' Open Fire " was given.

The only Salvo was a straddle short.

When the splash cleared, the Destroijer had disappeared
altogether.

The order " Check Fire " was given at about 7.:^v).

Several bearings were given to me during this time, but no
further firing took place.

After the Fleet turned to port, heavy firing was heard, and
gun flashes were seen well off the starboard quarter.

At about 8.45 p.m. a star light Avas seen falling off the
starboard beam. Avhich lit up the rear end of the Second Battle
Squadron.

At 9.5 p.m.. and at A^arious intervals, lieaA^y firing Avas heard
astern.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. r 63

Nothing more transpired until the following morning,
l.st June, when at 4. a.m. I reported a Zeppelin well off the
port quarter.

The Fleet now deployed to starboard, and I received orders
to stand by to fire at the Zeppelin.

The director was trained and layed on to the Zeppelin, but
unfortunately the smoke from our own funnels continually
obscured her. Also a hoist of flags blew right across the
telescope.

All firing was carried out with the main director circuit.

The crew of the director tower carried out their work in a
very cool manner.

NOTES ON THE FIRING OF THE "IRON DUKE'S"

6-iN. GUNS DURING THE ACTION OF 31st MAY

1916, BY THE 6-in. CONTROL OFFICER ALOFT—

Mr. HERBERT D. JEHAN, GUNNER, R.N.

A Destroyer attack was observed coming towards the Fleet,
starboard bow.

The order was given by the Captain from Conning Tower
" Destroyer 63 Green, Open fire when ready."

The Guns were given the Bearing of the Leading Destroyer
at an estimated range of 10,000 yards, and 600 closing, fire was
opened by salvoes, first salvo was over and out for line. This
was corrected ^ * * * the next salvo being

short, and the third salvo straddled, the fourth hit the Destroyer
which appeared to stagger and Iiulependeyit was ordered. No less
than four hits were observed and the Destroyer sank.

The 6-in. were ordered to Check Fire and shift to another
Destroyer bearing' 84 Green, Range 9,000. This Destroyer
appeared to be hit once by the 6-in., but not disabled, and
turned away. Range increased rapidly to extreme Gun Range,
and the 6-in. were ordered to Check Fire.

The second attack came from aft, the order given by the
Captain from Conning Tower was " Destroyers 135 Green, Open
Fire when ready." This was passed to Battery, and 10,000
put on the Sights. " Salvoes Commence " being ordered. The
guns appeared to be a long time before opening fire. One Gun
fired, and I could not see the Fall of Shot.

A Check Bearing was given 115 Green, and it appeared to
me as if the after guns were on the second DestroJ^er, and the
foremost guns on the leading Destroyer.

I did not check fire, as I thought it would be waste of time.

It was most difficult to spot through the firing of the ships.
1 * * * * *

There seemed to be one Destroyer put_^out of action, but
not by the 6-in.

^ See note on p. 381.

64 ^ BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

When, eventually, the remaining Destroyers turned away and
formed a smoke screen, range was increased the same way, and
check fire was ordered when extreme gun range was reached.

Transmitting Station reported that range went as low as
7,600 to exti-eme 12,000.

During the first attack spotting was fairly easy, but during
the second it was most difficult.

1* * * * *

No Submarines were sighted, although on several occasions
the wash from the Light Cruisers and Destroyers looked like the
feather of a Submarine.

VICE-ADMIRAL'S REPORT, 1st BATTLE SQUADRON.^

Enclosure No. 2 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/16 from
C.-in-C. Home Fleets.

No. 021.

" Royal Oak,"
Sir, 10th June, 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report that the First Battle
Squadron and " Bellona " left the Northern Base in accordance
with your orders at 9.30 p.m. 30th May, 1916, my Flag being
in '' Marlborough," and proceeded in company witK your Flag to
the Southeastward.

2. The first intimation of the enemy being at sea was
received in " Marlborough " about 2.30 p.m. 31st May, a signal
being intercepted from " Galatea " to Senior Officer, Battle
Cruiser Fleet, reporting enemy cruisers bearing E.S.E.

Further enemy reports were received from various units of
the Battle Cruiser Fleet, and at 3.55 a signal was made by Senior
Officer, Battle Cruiser Fleet, that he was engaging the enemy.

At 4.0 p.m., Senior Officer. 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron,
reported enemy battle-fleet in sight steering East, and at 5.0 p.m.
that they had altered course to North.

The situation as it developed was reported by visual signal
from time to time to the ships under my command.

About 5.30 p.m. heavy gun firing was heard on the starboard
bow and a little later flashes were clearly seen.

At 5.45 p.m., " Lion," " Princess Royal," " Tiger " and
" New Zealand " were sighted on starboard bow heavily engaged
with the enemy, whose flashes could now be seen to the South-
ward, this being reported to Flag at 6.0 p.m., at which time our
battle-cruisers were bearing S.S.W. 3 to 4 miles, steering East,
'* Lion," the leading ship. The 5th Battle Squadron then came
in sight bearing S.W., also heavily engaged.

3. At 6.2 p.m., " Marlborough's " position was Lat. 57.04 N.,
Long. 5.29 E., course being altered by 9 pendant to South, speed

^ See note on p. 381. - Plates 3 and 7a.

PlvLte 3

T RACK CHART OF

H. M. SHIP
A RLBOROUGH"

M AY 30" TO JUNE 2".°

1916.
CHART Z339.

POSJTIO

NS or Enemy Sn.ps smevvh by Heaw Lines.

All T.mes G.MT.

(Uj-.t^^-W?»V. CommanderCn)

C^f^UU.^ HMS.MABieoB

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 65

18 knots, and at 6.6 p.m. course was again altered to S.E. by
9 pendant.

6.15 p.m., Signal Avas received to form line of battle S.E. by E.
by equal speed pendant, enemy bearing E.S.E. from " Barham."

4. About this time the Battle-cruisers, who appeared to be
ahead of the leading division, turned to starboard as if to cross
the enemy's T.

5. One of our armoured cruisers, probably " Warrior," was
observed passing down the engaged side, making for her position
in rear of the hne. When near the end of the hne she turned up
parallel to it and engaged the enemy at short range. Heavy
enemy salvoes were observed to fall all round her; she then
turned about 14 points to port, a salvo struck her and a large
flame was seen to burst from her quarter deck and she then
passed astern.

6. A salvo of 5 shots fell ahead of the " Hercules " about
6.15 p.m. As the Battle-cruisers drew ahead and their smoke
cleared, the German hne could be more easily seen and 4 Kaisers
and 4 Helgolands could be dimly made out. " Marlborough "
opened fire at 6.17 p.m. at a battleship of the Kaiser class —
range 13,000 yards, about Green 110.

" Marlborough " fired 7 salvoes and hits were observed in
5th and 7th salvoes, the remainder of the squadron opening fire
as a target became visible.

7. At 6.20 p.m., speed of 14 knots was ordered by general
signal. Shortly after this there was much bunching up of ships
in the rear of the hne, " Marlborough " and other ships had to
reduce to 8 laiots and " St. Vincent " had to stop for a short
time. Owing to haze and the enemy's smoke, organised distri-
bution of fire was out of the question ; individual ships selected
their own targets.

8. As the action developed and disabled ships of both sides
passed down between the fines, great difficulty was experienced
in distinguishing the enemy's from our own ships.

9. " Marlborough " now shifted fire to a three funnelled
ship, and at 6.34 p.m. formed up astern of the fine and opened
fire on a battle ship of the Kaiser class.

10. At 6.45 p.m. " Marlborough " altered course to avoid a
torpedo. At 6.54 p.m. a heavy explosion was experienced
under the Fore bridge, the ship taking up a list of 8 degrees to
starboard. The torpedo had struck the ship abreast of No. 1
dynamo room and hydraufic room, both of which were flooded,
the 2 men stationed in the former being killed. Water was also
reported up to the floor plates in " A " boiler room and it was
considered necessary to draw the fires in that boiler room, but
as a speed of 17 knots could be maintained I decided that
" Marlborough " should maintain her position in the hne and
continue to lead her division. The list remained steady and it

X 12872 E

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 65

18 knots, and at 6.6 p.m. course was again altered to S.E. by
9 pendant.

6.15 p.m., Signal was received to form line of battle S.E. by E.
by equal speed pendant, enemy bearing E.S.E. from " Barham."

4. About this time the Battle-cruisers, who appeared to be
ahead of the leading division, turned to starboard as if to cross
the enemy's T.

5. One of our armoured cruisers, probably " Warrior," was
observed passing down the engaged side, making for her position
in rear of the hne. When near the end of the Une she turned up
parallel to it and engaged the enemy at short range. Heavy
enemy salvoes were observed to fall all round her; she then
turned about 14 points to port, a salvo struck her and a large
flame was seen to burst from her quarter deck and she then
passed astern.

6. A salvo of 5 shots fell ahead of the " Hercules " about
6.15 p.m. As the Battle-cruisers drew ahead and their smoke
cleared, the German Hne could be more easily seen and 4 Kaisers
and 4 Helgolands could be dimly made out. " Marlborough "
opened fire at 6.17 p.m. at a battleship of the Kaiser class —
range 13,000 yards, about Green 110.

" Marlborough " fired 7 salvoes and hits were observed in
5th and 7th salvoes, the remainder of the squadron opening fire
as a target became visible.

7. At 6.20 p.m., speed of 14 knots was ordered by general
signal. Shortly after this there was much bunching up of ships
in the rear of the hne, " Marlborough " and other ships had to
reduce to 8 knots and " St. Vincent " had to stop for a short
time. Owing to haze and the enemy's smoke, organised distri-
bution of fire was out of the question ; individual ships selected
their own targets.

8. As the action developed and disabled ships of both sides
passed down between the lines, great difficulty was experienced
in distinguisliing the enemy's from our own ships.

9. " Marlborough " now shifted fire to a three funnelled
ship, and at 6.34 p.m. formed up astern of the hne and opened
fire on a battle ship of the Kaiser class.

10. At 6.45 p.m. " Marlborough " altered course to avoid a
torpedo. At 6.54 p.m. a heavy explosion was experienced
under the Fore bridge, the ship taking up a fist of 8 degrees to
starboard. The torpedo had struck the ship abreast of No. 1
dynamo room and hydrauhc room, both of which were flooded,
the 2 men stationed in the former being killed. Water was also
reported up to the floor plates in " A " boiler room and it was
considered necessary to draw the fires in that boiler room, but
as a speed of 17 knots could be maintained I decided that
" Marlborough " should maintain her position in the fine and
continue to lead her division. The list remained steady and it

X 12872 E

06 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

was reported in less than an hour that the water wa« being kept
under.

11. Shortly after being struck, "Marlborough" opened fire
on an enemy cruiser passing down the Une which was suspected
of having fired the torpedo. The 3rd and 4th salvoes both hit
and appeared to open up her side, as a deep red flame could be
seen inside her hull. A torpedo was fired at her at 7.10 p.m.
During this time the " Acasta " was passed disabled on the port
side, and " Marlborough " avoided 3 more torpedoes by the use
of the helm.

12. " Marlborough " then engaged a ship of the Konig class,
firing 14 salvoes. Distinct hits were seen in four salvoes. (The
gunnery difficulties experienced by the ship after she was
torpedoed are reported in the ship's gunnery report.) This ship
finally turned out of the line, very low in the water aft, and was
apparently sinking. A destroyer was observed to place herself
on her engaged side, and make a dense smoke in order to
screen her.

13. Shortly after this a heavy smoke screen was"observed at
what appeared to be the head of the enemy battlefleet, and it
was soon apparent that the destroyers were attacking under its
cover.

I immediately hoisted the signal " KM," informing our
flotillas astern that the enemy flotillas were making an attack.
At the same time the preparative was hoisted, and I turned my
division away.

As far as I could judge the whole squadron opened fire on
the attacking destroyers with the whole of the secondary and
some of the main armament, and the attack was checked, and
they turned away, but not before they were able to fire some of
their torpedoes, which, however, were avoided.

Two of the enemy's destroyers were observed to be hit by
" Marlborough's " 6-inch gun fire alone, and there must have been
others as the fire was so intense.

14. As the destroyer attack developed the enemy battlefleet
in sight were observed to turn at least 8 points until their sterns
were towards our line. They ceased fire, dechned further action,
and disappeared into Ihe mist.

Our destroj'^ers in rear of the line proceeded out to attack the
enemy destroyers and sink any disabled craft.

15. During the action at one period the enemy appeared to
be firing steady, well drilled salvoes, by some form of director
such as the Petravic system, but their rangefinding and range
keeping appear to have been at fault when they were hit,
although the firing on our armoured cruisers was remarkable for
its accuracy.

Many of their salvoes were seen to fall over and it was not
till late in the action that they apparently' found the range when

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 67

the " Colossus " was straddled by 4 successive salvoes, correct for
elevation.

16. As the action progressed their fire became more feeble.
A certain number of shell of 4-in. or 6-in. calibre were seen to
burst on the water just short of " Marlborough " and other ships
of the First Battle Squadron, some leaving a cloud of Hght green
vapour, and others a heavy grey vapour which spread over the
surface of the water.

17. During the action many reports of submarines were
made, some being undoubtedly authentic, and course was altered
to attack them and avoid their torpedoes.

Shortly before " Marlborough " was torpedoed, a heavy
shock was felt on board " Revenge " in the transmitting room
and other places, and two independent officer witnesses saw
quantities of oil float to the surface and wreckage come up
astern.

18. The tracks of torpedoes approaching the ship were
clearly seen from the top and reported in good time so that they
were avoided, with the exception of the one which struck the
ship, and therefore it is considered to be probable that it came
from a submarine.

19. It is estimated that at least 21 torpedoes passed through
the First Battle Squadron, only one taking effect.

20. Before, during, and after the action the wireless tele-
graphy communication throughout the squadron were entirely
satisfactory and invaluable for manoeuvring and action signals,
especially in the case of the repeating ship (" Bellona "), who
was often unable to distinguish the flag signals. No damage to
aerials or instruments was sustained except in " Marlborough,"
whose auxihary aerial was partially shot away, and an inter-
mittent earth on the main aerial feeder, which could not be traced
for three quarters of an hour, interrupted the reception of distant
signals. In " Colossus " the internal buzzer communication
between Main office and signal tower was shot av/aJ^

No enemy signalling was heard on auxiliary, and though the}'
continually attempted to jamb the main installation signals from
ships in company were easily overread.

21. After the enemy disappeared in the haze the First Battle
Squadron conformed to the movements of your flag, but though
" Marlborough " went the revolutions for 17 knots I estimate
the speed over the ground was only approximately 15-8 owing
to the damage. Consequently the 6th division fell some way
astern during the night.

22. Four night attacks were observed during the night, the
first on the starboard beam, the others taldng place in
succession towards the stem. Several explosions were heard and
2 very large ones with flames shooting up into the sky were
seen ; star shell were seen.

E 2

68 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

23. About midnight, smoke was observed ahead of " Marl-
borough," which crossed from starboard to port and back again
from port to starboard, and then came down the starboard side.

It ai)peared to be a large ship and was challengd by
" Revenge," who was answered by 2 letters, though they were
not the correct ones. She then disappeared.

24. At 2.30 a.m., 1st June, it was reported to me that the
bulkhead in " A " boiler room of " Marlborough " would not
stand the speed, namely, revolutions for 17 knots, and that it
was advisable to reduce to 10 or 12 knots.

In consequence of this " Marlborough " was hauled out of
Une and the remainder of the division continued. I signalled
" Fearless," who was observed to be astern of " Agincourt," to
come alongside " Marlborough," and I and my Staff transferred
to " Revenge " in her, and then sent her back to escort
" Marlborough," who was subsequently ordered to Rosyth via
" M " Channel.

25. Shortly after arriving in " Revenge " a Zeppelin was
sighted, evidently scouting. Fire was opened on her which
caused her to dip and she quicldy disappeared. She looked a
remarkably easy target if shrapnel had been available.

26. At dayhght, owing to the very low visibility and to the
fact that the Division had dropj^ed so far astern during the
night (as explained above) and also to the transfer of my Flag
to " Revenge," the remainder of the Fleet was out of sight.

I shaped course as necessary to affect a junction.

At 3.40 a.m., " Faulknor " with " Obedient " and " Marvel "
joined my Flag and reported the 12th Flotilla had attacked a
Division of the German Battlefleet during the night, and that
one battleship had been blown up.

27. At 5.15 a.m., "Revenge" passed through the wreckage
of a German battleship or battle-cruiser, judging from the size
of the floating powder cases.

At 6.30 a.m., what appeared to be the wreckage of the
" Black Prince " was passed through, and a httle later 2 rafts
were observed with three men on them. I ordered " Obedient "
to take them off, but she reported on rejoining that before she
got there they had been taken off by a Dutch steamer, whose
Captain protested against their being taken off his steamer, and
so the Captain of " Obedient " left them. •

At 8.35 a.m., passed " Sparrowhawk " abandoned with
" Marksman " close to. " Marksman " reported she was unable
to tow her. She had attempted to do so, but the hawsers had
parted. I, therefore, ordered her to sink her. She did so and
then joined my Flag.

Nothing else of interest occurred and I rejoined your Flag
that evening.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

29. The following ammunition was fired by the First Battle
Squadron : —

Main
Armament.

Secondary
Armament.

Torpedoes.

" Marlborough " -
" Revenge " -
" Hercules " -
" Agincourt "
" Colossus " -
" Col]ing%vood " -
" Neptune " -
" St. Vincent "

162
102
98
144
93
84
48
98

111
16
35

829

357

30. I would Uke to bring to your notice the conduct of the
crew of the " Acasta," as mentioned in the report from the
Captain of " Hercules " ; although badly damaged and apparently
ill a hopeless state, they cheered the " Hercules " as the latter
passed.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

CECIL BURNEY,
Vice-Admiral Commanding
The Commander-in-Chief, First Battle Squadron.

Grand Fleet.

GUNNERY REPORT, H.M.S. " Mi^RLBOROUGH."

H.M.S. " Marlborough,"

4th June 1916.
Gunnery Report.
Number of Rounds fired.

Gun.

No. of Rds. fired.

A. P. Lyddite.

Common.

13-5

6-in.

162
60

138

Lyddite Comm.
55

24
5

Brealidowns, Accidents, <fcc.

(1) Right gun of "A" turret had inner "A" tube and
jacket cracked, a large portion of jacket being broken off. This
occurred about the 5th round fired by this gun, and it is
considered that a premature must have occurred, although the
damage to the rifling is comparatively small. A. P. lyddite
was being fired.

70 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

(2) After the ship was struck by a mine or a torpedo, it took
up a Hst of about 7° to starboard. Due to this hst, difficulty
was experienced in all turrets due to shell shpping forward as
it rolled out of main cage into waiting position and fouling
driving band with shell brake. Four turrets had to unship
brake.

(3) Due to heavy list, all firing generators in turrets flooded,
and it was necessary to disconnect pipe and allow water to
drain away.

1 * * * * *

Missfires. — Nil.

Control and method of fire.

Controlled from fore top ; firing by director. No difficulty
was experienced in distinguishing own shots or in spotting overs
or shorts, and hits could be easily distinguished by a deep red
flame and clouds of grey and white smoke ; occasionally when
shell burst well inside ship no flame could be seen, but only a
large amount of greyish smoke.

Without the director, it would have been almost impossible
to keep gunlayers on correct object ; there was so much confusion
amongst enemy's ships, one ship was passing another; smoke
from cruisers on fire often obliterated the object; own ship was
continually altering course small amounts ; the above made it
difficult to keep on the same object for any length of time.

Description of firing.

With objects fired at. All times are Greenwich mean times.
Only hits that were actually seen and confirmed by two or more
persons are given.

Time.

6.10 p.m. Sighted British battle cruisers engaging enemy's ships.

6.12 Red 7, cruiser, four funnels, one mast (disappeared

in smoke and mist before fire could be opened).
6.15 After deploying to port. Battleship, two funnels

widely separated, two masts (probably " Kaiser "

class) estimated range 10,000 yards, rangefinders

could not get a range.
6.17 Opened fire. Seven salvoes were fired in 4 minutes;

6th and 7th were clearly seen to hit. In the 5th

salvo a deep red flame could be seen and salvo struck,

in the 7tli salvo a large volume of grey smoke

appeared.
6.21. Ceased firing, as enemy was hidden by cruiser on

fire (Roon class).
6.24. Green 98, a cruiser, 3 funnels (Roon, one funnel

gone) ? range by rangefinder 10,500 yards.

^ See note on p. 381.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 71

p.m.

6.25. Opened fire. 5 salvoes were fired. Hits could not

be distinguished for certain, as two or three ships
were firing at same object.

6.27. 6-in. guns opened fire at same object. It was during

this firing that right gun of " A " turret was
severely damaged and put out of action, cause not
known for certain, but probably due to premature.
It was about the fifth round fired by the gun,
A. P. Lyddite was used. Inner ". A " tube is
cracked all round about haM way along gun. A
large portion of jacket is broken off, and a crack
extends 15 ft. along jacket.

6.29. Checked fire. There was a pause of ten minutes,

during wliich the ship was altering course, and
enemy were hidden by smoke.

6.39. Object a battleship of Kaiser class. Range 13,000

yards ; one salvo was fired, and enemy turned
away and disappeared.

6.42 to \Sfiip was altering course, and enemy's movements

6.54. J were very difficult to foUow.

6.54. " Marlborough " was hit by a torpedo or mine in

Diesel engine room. The shock was sufficient to
shake off switches on lever power board, and some
fuses in telephone circuits. These were very quickly
replaced, and all control instruments were found
to be in step.

7.0. Passed destroyer " Acasta " on port hand flying 6 flag

and with colhsion mat over starboard quarter.
Green 90 a cruiser of Roon class, stopped, range by
rangefinder 9,800 yards.

7.3. Opened fire. Fired four salvoes in two minutes, the

3rd and 4th both hit and appeared to open up her
side, as a deep red flame could be seen inside her
huU.

7.5. Ceased fire, as she appeared completely disabled and

sinldng fast.

7.6. Object shifted, a battleship, two funnels widely

separated, left hand ship of three (Markgraf class).
Range by R.F. 10,750.
7.12. Opened fire. Fired 14 salvoes in 6 mins., the 6th,

12th, 13th and 14th were all distinct hits. In the
6th salvo, a large cloud of grey and white smoke
appeared near the foremast. In the 12th salvo two
hits could be clearly seen under bridge and rather
low.

7.18. Checked fire.

7.19. Enemy hauled out of fine and turned away, lost in

smoke ; object shifted, one ship to the left that was
not fired at.

72 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

7.20. Enemy destroyer attack took place between the lines.

7.22. 6-in. guns opened fire. Turrets fired one salvo into

the brown. After this, no more was seen of the
enemy. During the night a lot of firing could be
heard astern.

At about 4.0 a.m. a lot of firing could be heard to the
southward, and shortly after a Zeppehn was sighted crossing
astern and steering approximately east. Three-in. H. A. gun
open fire and fired 12 rounds. " X " and " Y " turrets opened
fire with A. P. shell, which was already in the guns, and two rounds
of common which was in G.L. cage. Four rounds were fired
The nose of the Zeppelin was observed to dip very suddenly at
one period, but it could not be ascertained for certain whether
she was hit. Range varied between 5,000 and 10,000 yards.

If ship had not been disabled, rendering it undesirable to
" A " and " B " turrets, it would have been worth while turning
so as to get full broadside bearing.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT, H.M.S. "HERCULES."

No. 197.

H.M.S. "Hercules,"
Sir, 4th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report the following circumstances
with regard to the action on Wednesday, 31st May 1916.

2. The Ship's company, having fallen out from Action
Stations to get tea, closed up again on hearing gun-firing on the
starboard bow — 5.50 p.m.

3. The Battle Fleet, less 5th Battle Squadron, were then in
divisions ahead disposed abeam to starboard, 10 cables. Course —
S.E. by S. ; Speed— 19 knots.

4. At 5.55 p.m., our Battle Cruisers were sighted on starboard
bow, through the mist, in action. P»,ange of "Tiger" — 11,000
j^'ards. Enemy's shots were falling occasionally between our
Battle Cruisers and our Battle Fleet and shortly afterwards
appeared to hit " Tiger."

At 6.0 p.m., our Battle Cruisers began to draw across our
bows from starboard to port, the " Lion " being slightly on fire
on her forecastle, port side.

6.5 p.m. — Turned in succession to South by " 9 " pendant.

6.13 p.m.— Formed fine of Battle S.E. by E.

6.15 p.m. — As " Hercules " started to deploy a salvo, with a
small spread, of some five shots straddled our forecastle and
deluged the Fore Bridge, Conning Tower and Fore Top — a mass
of heavy water falling on board.

From a fragment of shell picked up on the forecastle the
projectile would appear to be an A. P., nearly 15-in.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 73

After this deluge I wondered where this salvo had come from
as only the flashes of some four or five of the enemy's ships
beyond our Battle Cruisers could be seen from the Bridge. I then
noticed that the rear of our Battle line must have afforded a fine
silhouette for the enemy, as some of our ships on the reverse
side of us were clearly visible against the bright sunlit sky.
I remarked to Captain Schoultz ^ at the time — " What a fine target
our ship must be for the enemy as we can see nothing of him."

G.20 p.m. — " Hercules " fired her first salvo at an enemy ship
— four funnels — ^apparently of " Roon " class. She was noticed
to be already disabled and stopped.

About this time the " Barham " and her ships were edging
across and forming astern of " Agincourt," firing continuously.

At about 0.30 p.m., three of enemy's Battleships of " Kaiser "
class were seen indistinctly through the mist, and seven or eight
salvoes were fired at that ship which appeared most visible.
Fire was continually checked owing to the haze.

About this time, one of our four-funnelled cruisers to the
Southward was being heavily hit. The after magazine exploded,
the flame reaching above her mast ; then, after a short interval,
her foremost magazine blew up, and no more was seen of her.

6.40 p.m.— Ship of " Warrior " class, bearing S.E., 3-4,000
yards, was observed attempting to escape from the enemy's fire,
a great many shots falUng all around her. She was steaming at
full speed and zigzagging all the time.

6.45 p.m. — Deployment finished as far as " Hercules " was
concerned. Course, S.E. by divisions.

6.47 p.m. — One of enemy's ships (" Roon " ?) on our starboard
side badly on fire. {Vide 6.20 p.m.)

6.-55 p.m. — " Marlborough " struck by a mine or torpedo on
starboard side. She hsted quickly to starboard but continued
firing. From this time a speed of 16 knots was never exceeded
by our 6th Division.

6.56 p.m. — " Acasta," with " 6 " flag flying and " not under
control " signal up, was passed; she cheered " Hercules " while
drifting past.

7. 5 p.m. — Altered course together 3 points to starboard,
7. 9 p.m. — Altered course back 3 points to port.

7.10 p.m. — Several enemy Battle Cruisers to left of the
*' Kaiser " class ships were now clearly visible. The lefthand
Battle Cruiser observed was a " Derfflinger " or a " Liitzow " ;
the second was " SeydHtz " or " Moltke " ; the third appeared
to be also a Battle Cruiser, but was obscured by smoke. Approx-
imate course of these ships — S.E.

7.12 p.m. — Turned together to South and opened fire at
second Battle Cruiser from the left ; hits were made with Lyddite
Common at the fifth and sixth salvoes. Range about 9,000 yards.

^ Russian Navy.

74 BATTLE OF JUTLA.ND :

First hit — abaft the foremost funnel ; second hit — abreast main-
mast. The enemy did not reply to our fire until after the third
salvo and then appeared to be firing " individual." They usually
fired about five seconds after " Hercules."

Lieutenant Commander (T) observed the leading ship also hit
during this time and that two or three of the enemy's shots fell
100 yards short between " Hercules " and '" Agincourt," and one
near " Revenge's " starboard quarter. This one burst.

The enemy Battle Cruisers then disappeared from view.

7,20 p.m. — Passed on port side at a distance of about two
miles a ship with a broken back and bow and stern portions out
of water to a height of about 50 ft. Undoubtedly a man-of-war,
painted red bottom colour and grey topsides. Men were observed
on the after portion of the wreck and one of our three-funneUed
light cruisers passed within 100 yards of her.

7.24 p.m. — Turned away 2 points — S.S.E. — by Sub -divisions.

7.31 p.m. — Observed much smoke made by enemy. Received
signal " Enemy torpedo craft are approaching." A few salvoes
with 12-in. guns were fired at attacking destroyers, which fell
among them — Range, 6,000 yards ; they then withdrew.
" Agincourt " certainly made one direct hit.

7.35 p.m. — Altered course by Sub-divisions to S. by W.

Shortly after this turn two tracks of torpedoes were observed
from the Fore Top approaching from starboard. Turned
" Hercules " 6 points away and two torpedoes passed ship — one
along starboard side and 40 yards across bow ; the other under
the stern, very close.

7.40 p.m. — Squadron formed line ahead by signal. Course,
S.W.

During the next half hour ships in " Marlborough's " division
signalled sighting submarines and ships altered course as neces-
sary. " Hercules " saw none, but conformed to movements of
the other ships.

By about 8.30 p.m., " Marlborough's " division had dropped
considerably astern of the 5th Division.

9.5 p.m. — Squadron now proceeded to Southward at 17 knots
— 6th Division, 15| knots — for the night. Weather misty;
visibihty, 2 to 5 miles.

From 10.15 p.m. to 12.30 a.m., 1st June, five separate engage-
ments appear to have occurred. Each lasted about 5-10 minutes.
On the first occasion searchlights were observed and attack bore
N.W. by W. The attacks gradually worked round the stern to
N. by E., and in the third a star shell was fired. During the third
or fourth, a big explosion took place in the middle of the gun
flashes. Very apjjroximate position of explosion Lat. 56° 13' N.,
Long. 6° 5' E.

2.20 a.m. — " Marlborough " hauled out of the Hne, and fell
astern.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 75

2.55 a.m. — Altered course to North.

3. 8. a.m. — 12 knots. Flag transferred to " Revenge."

3.30 a.m. — 17 knots astern of " Revenge."

3.37 a.m. — Altered course to 205°.

3.45 a.m. — Heard firing ahead.

3.50 a.m. — Zeppehn on starboard bow. Fired 4-in. and 3-pdr,
without effect. Course, 345°. Zeppelin disappeared 2 points
abaft starboard beam.

3.53 a.m.— Course 205°, 19 knots.

4.45 a.m. — Passed floating mine.

4.57 a.m. — Passed one of the 5th Battle Squadron, and one
Cruiser, Green 105°, Course 347°.

5.20 a.m. — Passed wreckage; drums, Hfe-buoys, &c,, to port
(German?). Lat. 55° 52' N., Long. 6° 5' E.

6.30 a.m. — Passed wreckage, including two 6-in. ammunition
cases (British). Lat. 56° 15' N., Long. 5° 561' e.

6.40 a.m. — Altered course to S.S.E.

7.34 a.m. — Altered course to N.N.W.

7.44 a.m. — Sighted destroyer, bearing S.E. by S., and two
four -funnelled cruisers.

7.45 a.m. — 21 knots.

8.35 a.m.— Passed large triangular object, apparently portion
of ship, on port side, 5-6,000 yards distant, also a capsized boat
near by, and other wreckage together with oil. Lat. 56° 11' N..
Long. 6° 3' E., 22 fathoms (possibly same place as explosion
occurred during third or fourth night attack).

8.42 a.m. — Sighted a flotilla leader N. by E., and challenged.

8.44 a.m. — Sighted destroyer in crippled condition (" Sparrow-
hawk "). ♦

9.7 a.m. — Altered course to N.W. to clear " Texel."

9.9. a.m. — Passed four Dutch Merchant vessels round two
men clinging to wreckage. S.S. " Texel," " Thames Tug,"
" Kangean "' and " Zuiderdilk." " Texel " signalled " All's well."
I. at. 56° 21' N., Long. 5° 50' E.

5. Ammunition expended : —

12 Common Filled Powder.
4 A.P. Filled Lyddite.
82 Common Filled Lyddite.

6. Torpedoes were not fired as no opportunities occurred.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

L. CLINTON BAKER,

Captain .
The Vice-Admiral Commanding

First Battle Squadron.

76 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

Enclosure No. 4 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/16 from
C.-in-C. Home Fleets.

From — The Vice- Admiral Commanding, First Battle
Squadron.

To — The Commander-in-Chief, Grand Fleet.

Date—\\t\\ June 1916.

No. 021.
In compliance with your signal 1132 of to-day's date,
I have the honour to forward herewith reports from the Rear-
Admiral, 1st Battle Squadron, and the following Ships on the
action of 31st May : —

" Colossus."
" Revenge."
" BeUona."
" Neptune."
" Agincourt."
" St. Vincent."
" Collingwood."
"Royal Oak."
" Active."

CECIL BURNEY,

Vice-Admiral.

REAR-ADMIRAL'S REPORT, FIRST BATTLE SQUADRON.

From — The Rear Admiral, First Battle Squadron.

To — The Vice Admiral Commanding the First Battle Squadron.

No.—'W. 16.

Da^e— 10th June 1916.

The accompanying report of Flag Captain A. D. Pound.
Royal Navy, records the action of my Flagship.

Her movements were followed by the Fifth Division excejot
for occasional turns away to avoid torpedoes.

The Ships of the Fifth Division were weU handled and signals,
which there was no difficulty in transmitting by either visual or
wireless, were promptly obeyed.

That the " Colossus " received a larger proportion of the
enemy's fire than the remainder of the Division appears to be
due to the enemy emerging from the mist opposite to her and
possibly to her being recognised as a Flagship.

2. The diary section of the attached report is compiled from
the notes of times and occurrences suiDphed by my Secretary,
Mr. Harold Foot, who was stationed on the Fore Bridge with
a watch and note book. As he is an observant Officer unhkely
to be disturbed by any occurrence they may be taken as being
correct.

3. Whatever circumstances ma}^ have constrained the Battle
Cruiser Fleet to fall back upon the Battle Fleet in the manner it

OFFICL\L, DESPATCHES. < i

did, the result was unfortunate. The Fifth Division was unable
to open fire upon the enemy owing to the Battle Cruisers being
in between, and when they cleared from the Battleships it made
it extremely difficult to ascertain whether Ships coming into
view through the mist were friend or foe.

4. The Division's firing was well carried out. There was
probably wastage of ammunition o^ving to many Ships firing at
the one nearest object, but there was no time to correct this by
signal, and if ships commenced leaving her to other ones she
might have been left unfired at by any. -,

5. The visibiUty was extremely baffling, partly due to mist3^
clouds appearing and dissolving and partly to the layers of
smoke from funnels and Ships firing.

E. F. A. GAUNT,

Rear Admiral.

CAPTAINS REPORT, H.M.S. "COLOSSUS."

No. 658.

H.M.S. "Colossus,"

1st Battle Squadron,
Sm, 10th June 1916.

The report of the action of 31st ]\Iay. as far as it affected
H.M. Ship under my command, has been divided up as follows : —

(a) Diary of events.

(6) Tracing, showing rough relative positions of targets
engaged.^

(either " Liitzow '" or " Derfflinger ").

(d) Appendix II, giving details of damage to propeUors through

passing over wreckage or a submarine.

(e) Copy of report of Officers and ]\Ien commended.*
(/ ) List of Casualties. 2

Generally speaking, the action from the point of view of this
ship was a most tantalising one, as the presence of the enemy was
obvious from the flashes of his guns, but only for a short period
did an opportunity occur of getting into action with any C'f the
enemy's capital ships.

The conduct of the Officers and Men was excellent, and such
as one had always hoped it would be.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

A. D. POL'ND,
. The Vice- Admiral Commanding, Captain.

1st Battle Squadron

(through R.A. 1st B.S.).

^ Plate 4. - Not printed.

78 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER OF EVENTS, 31st MAY-
IST JUNE 1916, AS OBSERVED FROM "COLOSSUS."

5.40 p.m. — Conditions : VisibiKty, 6 miles, overcast.

Sea, calm.
Wind, S.W., Hght.
Heavy firing heard 4 points on Starboard Bow.
5.48 p.m. — Passed Norwegian Barque on Starboard Hand.
5.50 p.m. — 1 Cruiser and 4 Light Cruisers closing in from
Starboard Bow.

5.50 p.m. — Our Battle Cruisers in sight Starboard Bow, firing.

5.51 p.m. — Enemj'^ Battleships (" Helgoland " and others)

reported, in sight on Starboard Bow. They only

showed up for about half a minute.
5.54 p.m. — Light Cruiser on Port Bow of Battle Cruisers, firing.
5.57 p.m. — Reported that Enemy Battle Fleet had altered

course to North.
5.59 p.m.— Speed of Battle Fleet, 18 knots.
6. 1 p.m. — Battle Cruiser Fleet 1 point on our Starboard Bow

firing intermittently.
6. 2 p.m. — Enemy Battle Fleet is sight indistinctly.
6. 4 p.m. — First Battle Cruiser Squadron right ahead — 2 miles

— firing. Destroyers take up screening positions.
6. 5 p.m. — First Battle Cruiser Squadron altered course 4 points

to Starboard.
6. 6 p.m. — " Lion " — steam coming from abreast fore turret,

port side.
6. 7 p.m. — Sun coming out. Visibility ahead and on Starboard

Bow bad owing to smoke and mist.
6. 8 p.m. — Enemy in sight to S.S.E. (Flashes of guns only

visible.)
6. 9 p.m. — First Battle Cruiser Squadron altering. Resultant

course 1 point to Starboard of ours.

6.10 p.m. — Fifth Battle Squadron on Starboard Beam. " Bar-

ham " opened fire. First Battle Cruiser Squadron
altering to Port.

6.11 p.m. — Enemy's salvoes falling round First Battle Cruiser

Squadron.

6.12 p.m. — Battle Fleet deployed by equal speed pendant to

S.E. by E.

6.13 p.m. — Large projectile ricochetted over.

6.15 p.m. — 5th Battle Squadron astern and under fire. 1st
Battle Cruiser Squadron on Starboard Bow.

6.16p.m. — One Cruiser ("Defence" class) starboard quarter,
on fire and partially blown up. Fire right fore
and aft, result of hit by salvo.

6.18 p.m.— Salvo 200 short and left of " Colossus."

6.19 p.m. — A second Cruiser of " Defence " class hit and blown

up — major part of explosion aft. " Marlborough "
opened fire.

Plate 4.

/rc./

H .

COURSE A
VI

M.S. COLOSSUS

ND DISPOSITION OF FLEET FROM
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OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 7!)

6.20 p.m. — 5th Battle Squadron Starboard Quarter.

6.21 p.m. — Heavy Shell just over.

6.22 p.m. — Enemy vessel (4 funnels) on fire and apparently

disabled on Starboard Beam, 12,000.
Enemy Battle Line apparently Starboard Quarter.

0.25 p.m. — 1 ship ahead and 3 astern firing.

6.30 p.m. — " Colossus " fired 3 deliberate salvoes at enemy
Battle Fleet, which was difficult to see.

6.32 p.m. — Shifted fire on to enemj'- 4-funnelled cruiser Star-
board Beam opposite course ( ? stopped).
4 salvoes fired at minute interval,
one of our Destroyers (G. 09) on fire on Starboard
Bow.

6.37 p.m. — Nothing clearly in sight.

Intermittent firing from Battle Fleet at one enemy
vessel, apparently broken down, 10,000 yards
(4 funnels).

6.45 p.m. — Firing practically ceased. Altered course to S.E.,
15 knots. Nothing clearly in sight.

6.48 p.m. — Passed " Acasta " on Starboard Hand, disabled

6.50 p.m. — Course S.

6.53 p.m. — " Revenge " hauling out of hne to port.

7. 0 p.m. — Opened fire on enemy 3-funnelled cruiser {ex "Greek'*)
steaming opposite course on Starboard Beam,
9,700. Other ships of Battle Fleet also firing.
Fired 3 salvoes.

7. 2 p.m. — Passed wreck of " Invincible " port hand. Broken
in two pieces. " Oak " standing by. Two sur-
vivors in sight near propellers.

7. 3 p.m. — " Beubow " firing 6-in. on enemy Destroyer Star-
board Bow.
3 points to Starboard together.

7. 5 p.m. — Battle Cruiser Fleet opened fire Starboard Bow.
Ships not actually in sight.
Ojiened fire 12-in. and 4-in. on enemj?^ Destroyer
coming down on Starboard Bow, 4,000 yards.
Hit Destroyer, which disappeared apparently sunk.
" A " turret also fired on several Destroyers
further off.

7.10 p.m. — Altered course 3 points to Port together.

7.12 p.m. — Suddenly observed " Derfflinger " class ship emerge
from mist 10,000 yards Starboard Beam accom-
panied by two (possibly more) Battle Cruisers.
Attention of ships generally concentrated on enemy

Destroyer.
Immediately shifted to leading Battle Cruiser and
opened fire at 9,000 yards range, closing at
7.16 p.m. to 8,400.

7.16 p.m. — " Colossus " hit in superstructure just abaft funnel
(foremost) by 12-in. shell which exploded and

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 71)

6.20 p.m. — 5th Battle Squadron Starboard Quarter.

6.21 p.m. — Heavy Shell just over.

6.22 p.m. — Enemy vessel (4 funnels) on fire and apparently

disabled on Starboard Beam, 12,000.
Enemy Battle Line apparently Starboard Quarter.

0.25 p.m. — 1 ship ahead and 3 astern firing.

6.30 p.m. — " Colossus "' fired 3 deliberate salvoes at enemy
Battle Fleet, which was difficult to see.

6.32 p.m. — Shifted fire on to eneni}'^ 4-funnelled cruiser Star-
board Beam opposite course ( ? stopped).
4 salvoes fired at minute interval,
one of our Destroyers (G. 09) on fire on Starboard
Bow.

6.37 p.m. — Nothing clearly in sight.

Intermittent firing from Battle Fleet at one enemy
vessel, apparently broken down, 10,000 yards
(4 funnels).

6.45 p.m. — Firing practically ceased. Altered course to S.E.,
15 knots. Nothing clearly in sight.

6.48 p.m. — Passed " Acasta " on Starboard Hand, disabled

6.50 p.m. — Course S.

6.53 p.m. — " Revenge " hauling out of hne to port.

7. 0 p.m. — Opened fire on enemy 3-funnelled cruiser (ex "Greek")
steaming opposite course on Starboard Beam,
9,700. Other ships of Battle Fleet also firing.
Fired 3 salvoes.

7. 2 p.m. — Passed wreck of " Invincible " port hand. Broken
in two pieces. " Oak " standing by. Two sur-
vivors in sight near propellers.

7. 3 p.m. — " Beubow " firing 6-in. on enemy Destroyer Star-
board Bow.
3 points to Starboard together.

7. 5 p.m. — Battle Cruiser Fleet opened fire Starboard Bow.
Ships not actually in sight.
Opened fire 12-in. and 4-in. on enemy Destroyer
coming down on Starboard Bow, 4,000 yards.
Hit Destroyer, which disappeared apparently sunk.
" A " turret also fired on several Destroyers
further off.

7.10 p.m. — Altered course 3 points to Port together.

7.12 p.m. — Suddenly observed " Derffiinger " class ship emerge
from mist 10,000 yards Starboard Beam accom-
panied bj' two (possibly more) Battle Cruisers.
Attention of ships generally concentrated on enemy

Destroyer.
Immediately shifted to leading Battle Cruiser and
opened fire at 9,000 yards range, closing at
7.16 p.m. to 8,400.

7.16 p.m. — " Colossus " hit in superstructure just abaft funnel
(foremost) by 12-in. shell which exploded and

80 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

caused fire in port gun decks and signal deck.
Cordite chief cause of fire, extinguished in a few
minutes. Another 12-in. shell hit sounding plat-
form on Port Signal Deck, but apparently passed
overboard without bursting.
7.17p.m. — Heavy shell burst 30 yards short abreast "A"
turret. SpHnters penetrated foremost funnel and
unarmoured parts of ship in about 20 places and
wrecked S. 1 Searchlight, burst fire main in
Captain's Cabin Flat and caused unimportant
damage. Rangetaker fore Upper Bridge severely
wounded, one Marine look-out same position
shghtly wounded. Leading Signalman in Fore
Top severely wounded.

(For details of this action, see Apf)endix I.)

7.18 p.m. — Hit in Fore part of ship by splinters from heavy shell,
which burst short.

7.15 p.m.~] Fired 5 salvoes at " Derfflinger " (or " Liitzow ") on
to y beam, steering same course, 8,000-9,000 yards

7.20 p.m. J range. Observed at least 4 direct hits (4th and
5th salvoes) (2 hits on water line). Enemy vessel
obscured by heavy smoke and mist, but just
previously observed to have fisted.

7.25 p.m.— Firing ceased.

7.35 p.m. — " Colossus " turned to port to avoid torpedo coming
from Starboard, hoisted Black Pendant,

7.40 p.m. — Speed, 20 knots.

7.42 p.m. — Battle Fleet Line ahead, course S.W., formed on
" Iron Duke."

8. 0 p.m. — Divisions line ahead disposed quarterly to Starboard.

Course, W. ; speed, 14.
8.15 p.m. — Firing taking place right ahead. Altered course to
W.S.W.

8.23 p.m. — Passed a lot of dead fish.

8.24 p.m. — Altered course to S.W. by 9 pdt. 3 ships of 5th

Battle Squadron in company 5 miles Starboard
Quarter.

8.32 p.m. — Altered course to W. by 9 pdt.

8.55 p.m. — Our Light Cruisers in action on Starboard Beam
presumably engaging enemy Destroyers. " Ben-
bow " also opened fire (6-in.).

8.58 p.m. — Altered course to S.

Light cruisers still firing.

9. 5 p.m. — Light now bad. Range for the night, 3,000.

Firing heard and seen Starboard Bow\
9.20 p.m. — Observed large star signal.
9.48 p.m. — Commander-in-Chief's reference position, 36.26 N.

5.57 E., course S., 17 knots.
10.35 p.m. — Firing Starboard Quarter lasting about 10 minutes.
One of our Destroyers apparently on fire.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 81

10.10 p.m. — Firing on Starboard Beam lasting 4 minutes.
11.30 p.m. — Passed over wreckage or submarine.

(For damage to propellers, see Appendix II.)

11.40 p.m. — Rapid and continuous firing for 15 minutes right
astern.

\st June 1916.

2.15 a.m. — General Quarters.

" Marlborough's " Division \ i , .

" King George's " Division J ' '

Conditions : Visibility, 2 miles, misty, overcast ;
sea calm ; wind light, S.W.
2.28 a.m. — " I^ng George's " Division in sight Starboard Beam.
2.30 a.m.— Course, N. 1 pdt. A. BD 5.
2.48 a.m. — " King George " take guide of Fleet.

3 ships of 5th Battle Squadron in company.

3.17 a.m. — 2 heavy salvoes heard just abaft Port Beam.
3.30 a.m. — More heavy firing port quarter.

3.38 a.m. — Altering course by Divisions to W.

3.40 a.m. — Speed, 15 knots.

3.43 a.m. — ZeppeUn sighted Port Quarter steering N., range^

16,000 yards.
3.47 a.m. — Speed, 17 knots.
3.50 a.m. — Line ahead, course N.
3.55 a.m. — Two or three shots (12-in.) from Fleet at Zeppelin.

Zeppelin rising turned away.
4. 0 a.m. — " King George " take guide of Fleet.

4. 8 a.m. — Formed Divisions in hne ahead disposed to Star-

board.
4.30 a.m. — Visibihty, 2\ miles.

4.40 a.m. — " Lvitzow " reported (by signal) ahead damaged.
4.50 a.m. — Commander-in-Chief guide of Fleet.

5. 8 a.m. — 3 ships of 5th Battle Squadron taking station

Starboard Beam, 11 cables.
5.15 a.m. — 5 Armoured Cruisers Starboard Bow.
5.30 a.m. — 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron coming up astern.

6. 7 a.m. — Course, S.E.

7.15 a.m. — Course, N. Visibility, 4 miles.

8.18 a.m. — Passed a lot of wreckage with large Carley raft and

lifebuoy with " EN." on it.
8.40 a.m. — Course, S.S.W. Speed, 17 knots.
9.30 a.m. — Submarine reported by " Barham."
9.43 a.m. — Sighted " Lion " and Battle Cruisers Port Quarter.
9.40 a.m. — ^Destroyers taking up screening positions.
9.50 a.m. — Battle Cruiser Fleet forming on Port Wing.
9.57 a.m. — Course, N. by W.
10.30 a.m.— BJ 1.

X 12872

82 BATTLE OK JUTLAND :

APPENDIX I.

Action with Battle Cruiser (either " Lutzow " ok " Derffmnger ").

At 7.15 p.m., " Colossus " was engaged (with both Main and Secondary
Armainont) in driving off a destroyer attack on the Starboard Bow, when
an enemy l)attle cruiser appeared on the Starboard Beam, at a range of
between 10,000 and 9,000 yards.

This enemy's ship was immediately engaged.

It was not possible to obtain any range before opening fire.

Five salvoes in all were fired — 2 short, 1 over, and 2 straddled. Out
of the last two salvoes, four direct hits were obtained with armour-
|)iercing lyddite. Two of these hits were on the water-line, whilst the
other two were on the fore part, where they caused a fire.

After the first salv'o, which straddled, the enemy turned away, and
was observed with a considerable list in the smoke screen formed by their
destroyed.

The leading enemy battle cruiser (either " Liitzow " or " Dei-fflinger ")
did not engage " Colossus."

The second ship in the enemy's line engaged " Colossus," and four
salvoes dropped close to the ship ; two direct hits only were received, but
a certain amount of damage was received from shell bursting short. Of
the shell which hit short, some burst on impact with the water, whilst
others jicochetted over the ship without bursting.

Of the direct hits, one entered the foremost superstructure on the
starboard side, and bui"st on the port side of the lower gim deck, at a
distance of about 24 ft. from the point at which it entered. Two Starboard
4-in. guns were manned at the time.

This shell was a 12-in. H.E. Shell, detonation ajipears to have been
complete, but its action was very local. (See photographs marked " A."*)

The whole of No. 5 gun's crew were knocked down by the blast, and
two men were wounded by splinters from the superstructure.

2 * * * * *

No. 5 4-in. port gun was temporarily put out of action, two pieces o^
the di'iving band of the 12-in. shell having caused the sight to jamb.
The cam of the sight was untouched. A hole was made in the oil bath
casing covering the training rack, and small pieces of metal falling in
rendered the training stiff.

A splinter entered the left slit in the O.L.O. hood of " P " turret, and
fractui-ed tlie left front window of the rangefinder. Apparently the prisms
are uninjured, and a test, using the " internal adjustment," showed the
rangefinder to be in good adjustment. Dainp, howe^'er, entered from the
broken window.

The down-take to " A " Boiler room was just imder where the shell
burst, and the fumes were sucked down by the fans, which caused
inconvenience until the fans were stopped.

These gases were not poisonous.

The blast which jjenetrated to the stokehold through the downtake,
temporai-ily put the fire engine out of action.

The second direct hit was on the sounding machine ]ilatform, on the
port signal deck, but the shell did not burst in the ship, ('^ee photograph
marked " B."i)

The shells which burst short caused damage as follows : —

About 20 holes in the side plating in the fore part of the shi]).
Small hole in funnel.

^ Not reproduced. - See note on p. 381.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 83

Severed fire-inain in Captains Cabin Flat.
Besides other minor damage.
As a rule, the flying splinters could be seen and avoided in the fore-top,
but, as a rule, the personnel will he too occupied to notice them.

A shell, bursting short, wounded two men in the top, and a further
splinter made a hole about 3 in. in diameter in the su[)port for the roof.
The 1-in. side plates were hardly dented when struck by splinters.

A. D. POUND,

Captain.

APPENDIX 11.

Striking of Wreckage or Submarine.

At 11.30 p.m., on 31st May, the ship unmistakably passed over
something. The noise as of something scraping along the bottom was
heard and felt by Officers in the Fore Transmitting Station, Ward Room,
and Engine Room. On examination of the ship's bottom and pro2)ellers
by divers, the following damage was found : —

Ship's Bottom. — ^Nil.

Starboard Outer Propeller. — One blade— a piece broken off to a
depth of 21 to 3 in. for a length of 16 in. Another blade — fi"actured
and t\\isted to a depth of 6 in. for a length of 6 in.

Starboard Inner Propeller. — One blade — Tip broken off to a
depth of 2 in. and length of 12 in. Another blade — Tip bent forward
to a depth of 3 in. for a length of 12 in. Remaining blade — edge
jagged.

A. D. POUND.

Captain.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT, H.M.S. " REVENGE."

From.~The Commanding Officer, H.M.S. " Revenge."
To. — Vice Admiral Commanding, First Battle Squadron,
Date.~2nd June 1916. No. B. 111/2.
Subject. — Action of 31st May and 1st June 1916.
Former. —

H.M.S. "Revenge,"

2nd June 1916.
Sir,

In accordance with your signal 1603 of to-day, Friday,
2nd June 1916, I have the honour to forward the following
general account of the action of 31st May and 1st June 1916
as observed from " Revenge."
6, 5 p.m. — Fleet in 2nd Organisation. Course, South. Speed
18 knots. Observed British Battle Cruiser Fleet
of 4 ships in Hne ahead, engaged with enemy
battle cruisers ; latter could not be distinguished.
6. 8 p.m. — Observed flashes of enemy's guns.
6. 9p.m. — Observed "Lion" hit on forecastle and on fire;
soon extinguished.

84 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

6.10 i).iu. — Reports of enemy Battle Fleet S.S.E.

6.15 p.m. — ;)th Battle Squadron observed firing on enemy
Battle Fleet.

6. 1 7 p.m. — Shots falling round ship. Deployed to port, S.E.
by E.

6.25 p.m. — Cruisers who had deferred taking up battle stations
till too late now found themselves under heavy
fire from enemy Battle Fleet. " Black Prince "( ?)
observed to be struck aft and then forward;
magazines evidently exploded and she dis-
appeared.

At the same time " Warrior " was very badly damaged, and
" Minotaur " or " Shannon " had miraculous escape, being
straddled frequently.

6.30 p.m. — Reduced to 14 knots.

6.42 p.m. — Increased to 17 knots.

During this time, fire was maintained b}^ Director method
against enemy's battleships, which were very indistinct. (No
ranges being obtainable.) Also on a four funnelled cruiser
between the lines, apparently damaged and stopped.

6.48 p.m. — Divisions separately altered course to S.E.

About this time " Marlborough " was struck by a torpedo.

With regard to this at —

6.50 p.m. — Officers in Transmitting Room, " A " and " Y "
Shell Rooms, Director Tower and Spotting Top
all felt a shock as if the ship had struck something.
The Officer of " Y " Turret, Captain Evan Jukes-
Hughes, Royal Marine Light Infajitry, and the
Torpedo Officer, Lieutenant- Commander Walter
K. Conlon, Royal Navy, looked over the side and
observed a large patch of oil, mth an upheaval
in the middle, mth portions of \ATeckage coming
to the surface. A few minutes prexdous to this
I had myself observed " Marlborough " struck
by mine or torpedo. At the time I thought the
former, but since I think she was torpedoed b}^ a
submarine, who then dived and attempted to go
under the battleship line. " Revenge " on seeing
" Marlborough " struck, hauled out to port about
a cable, and my behef is, struck and sunk the
submarine.
About 6.55 p.m. — A light cruiser passed down between the Hnes,
apparently making a torpedo attack. She was
not fired at for some time, being possibly mistaken
for British. Eventually 'Marlborough" with
13-5-in. and '"Revenge" and sliips astern with
6-in., opened fire on her, and she was soon appar-
ently a wreck, stopped, with 2 funnels gone and on
fire. She was not observed to sink.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 85

6.56 p.m. — Passed " Acasta," disabled, ^he signalled " holed
fore and aft. Unable to move engines."

6.59 p.m. — .Squadron turned, leading ships together and re-
mainder in succession to South.

7. 9 p.m. — 3 points to starboard together.

About 7.15 p.m. a torpedo was fired at the " Von dcr Tann."
Range, 9,000 yards. The torpedo was observed
to run true.

On the Fleet first deploying, fire was opened on the leading
ship of the Second Squadron. Some salvoes were fired,
unspotted. Fire was then checked as the enemy was too
indistinct. Subsequently, as our line turned to the southward,
converging on the enemy, the leading division, consisting of
5 battle cruisers, came clearly into sight. Fire was opened on
the leading ship. Hits were obtained 'with the second salvo,
and bursts of flame \vere observed on the quarterdeck. Hitting
was continued for 2 salvoes. As it was evident that several
ships ahead were firing at this target, and that this enemy's
ship was seriously damaged, fire was shifted to the 4th ship in
the fine, apparently the ■ Von der Tann," and hits were obtained
and burst of flame noticed aft.

Two Turret Officers are of the opinion that she was sunk by
the second of two salvoes, of which three shots are beheved to
have struck and caused the ship to blow up. Fire was continued
until a flotilla of destroyers, passing through the Battle Cruiser
line, made a most efficient smoke screen, entirely obscuring the
target. At tliis period the enemy fleet turned 8 points to star-
board and rapidly di'ew out of sight.

7.22 p.m. — The destroyers made a determined torpedo attack,
but were stopped by the 6-in. guns of our ships.

At the same time om- owti Hght cruisers and destroyers from
the van and rear were observed attacking them.

It w^as observed that the destroj^ers flew a long, red pendant,
as mentioned in the " AX " papers. One destroyer was observed
disabled, and they all disappeared after the enemy fleet, using a
smoke screen.

7.10 p.m. — Fleet turned back 3 points to port together.
7.16 p.m. — Turned together to South.

About 7.17 p.m. observed the two ends of a German hght
cruiser sticking up out of the water. Apparently-
had been blo^vn in two parts.

7.28 p.m. — Turned away 2 points from the enemy, by sub-
divisions, to avoid torpedo attack.

7.35 p.m. — " Revenge " altered course to port to avoid two
torpedoes. One passed about 10 yards ahead
and one about 20 yards astern.

7.37 p.m. — Leading ships together and remainder in succession
to South- West.

86 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

7.43 p.m. — " Revenge " altered course to port to avoid torpedoes,

two passing astern.
7.54 p.m. — Single line ahead, course S.W.
8. 4 p.m. — Divisions separately alter course in succession to

West, speed 17 knots.
0. 0 to 9.15 ]3.m. — Heard and observed heavy firing to the

Eastward, appaiently a destroyer attack.
10.40 p.m. — Observed flashes of heavy firing and two heavy

explosions lighting up the sky in that direction.
At the time my impression was that some ship had blown up.

About 12.30., what w^as at first taken for destroyers approaching
was observed and 6-in. guns turned on them
and the ordei- had been given to open fire, when
it was seen that the object was a large ship. She
was challenged and made reply " PL " and
rapidly disajjpeared astern. She had the appear-
ance of a Battle Cruiser and resembled our own.

1 a.m., 1st June. —

Firing and an explosion Avas heard right astern.

Nothing more of interest occurred during the night, until

2.45 a.m., June 2nd.^ — -Vice Admiral Sir Cecil Burney, Royal
Navy, hoisted his flag in " Revenge."

3.35 a.m. — A Zeppelin was observed about 4,000 to 5,000 yards
off, and 2 rounds of 15-in. were fired, besides
fire from 3-in. H.A. gun. The tail was observed
to dip, as if the 15-in. shell had passed fairly
close, and it had the effect of driving the Zeppehn
off at once.

5.15 a.m. — Passed through the wreckage of a German battleship
or battle cruiser judging from the size of the
floating i^owder cases.

6.30 a.m. — Passed wreckage of H. M.S. " Black Prince," including
Carley raft and Ufe buoy with name of ship.

Observed 2 rafts with 3 men. Destroyer
" Obedient " found them being picked up by a
Dutch steamer. They were German seamen, very
exhausted ; ship not known, but from size of
rafts, " Obedient " estimated at least a light
cruiser.

8.35 a.m. — Passed " Sparrowhawk " abandoned. (Later sunk
by "' Marksman ")

Rough diagrams of the various phases are attached. ^

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant.

E B. KIDDLE,

Captain .

1 Plates 5 and 6.

Plates.

6.5 P.M. MAY 31 .

Position of British Fleet when we 'iighted our Battle Cruisers
firing at an enemy on their Starboard Boiv.

Armoured Cruisers.
''111!

y^Line of Fire Line of Fire

pe^^i \ \ \ \''^o 2- _ -

' ' ^0^ R.R. liozr N.Z. S^^B.S.

I
I i

I / I / ( I
I ) I / ( I
I I I I I I

I / I / I I

6.20. P.M.

Position of Both Fleets during Deployment.

Armoured Cruisers ^^^

— — — — under t^ery hea^y fire 5 B.C.S.

B.C.S. trying to take up position

astern.

^- - ~~ Britirh Battle Fleet

Visibility about IZ.OOO yards, and
for Ranges about 9,500 yards.

mc72 Z4-2ee P1173. (S^ SOOOfZSO MaJSyA.3oni.Lilh.

FloJUi G.

POSITION AT AB0yX__6^^_^ii^-

Enemy Cruiser

under ^
very heavy/ fire .

f ^

Qur Armoured Cruisers

\ \ 0

Black Prince
blowing up.

- 5^'^ B.S.

POSJTION AT FROM 6 .55_J1IILLJ7J^_P:M.

These ships hea\/ily engaged

S on fire '. '^ ^^ ^ •

yCdattletrijisers

Seydlitz \ I \ , _.

^^ I / Von der Tann

1 ;

1 A

I '

Disabled
Enemy
Ship .

"^ — —

Revenge

/ocTz- ■-*j:ee- pi'7S ^^ scoo/2. 20

Mal-Jv A Son;-. Litli.

OFFICIAL DESPATHCES. 87

H.M.S. " Revenge,"
Sir, 4th June 1916.

In accordance with j'our signal 0900 of 4th June, I have
the honour to report that the wreckage Avas sujiposed to be tliat
of H.M.S, " Black Prince "' from the lifebuoy with name of shi])
on it, 2 Carley Rafts, Cordite Cases, Seamen's Life Saving Jackets,
Gratings, and Wooden debris. The position was Latitude
56° 2' North, Longitude 5° 57' East, worked from " Iron Duke's "
positions.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

E. B. KIDDLE,

Captain.

The Commander-in-Chief,
Grand Fleet
(through the Vice-Admiral Commanding
1st Battle Squadron).

CAPTAINS REPORT, H.M.S. " BELLONA."

H.M.S. "Bellona,"
Sir, 2nd June 1910.

With reference to your signal No. 1550 of to-day I have
the honour to report as foUows : though I fear my remarks will
be of httle value, as I felt at the end of the action that owing
to the length of the hne and the low visibility, I had gathered
but httle of what had happened.

2. As regards H.M.S. " Bellona's " special duty of repeating
signals : The signals appeared to me to be comparatively few,
simple, and such as might be expected, and I imagine they got
through with rapidity and accuracy.

3. H.M.S. " Bellona " lay from f of a mile to a mile on the
ofE side of the 5th Division, in this position I had expected to
get a fair share of " overs " round about me ; but as a matter
of fact only one large shell fell close (about 50 yards over), and
it seemed to me that the enemy was firing mostly short. There
was, of course, never any great volume of fire.

4. His salvoes seemed to cover an extraordinarily small area,
a thing which has struck me before.

5. It seemed to me that we had the better visibility, and I
expect the enemy was hampered by smoke.

6. I was not able to get much idea of what our own shooting
was hke. During the whole action I only saw two of the enemy's
big ships. I did see our shots hit; the enemy twice, but beyond
that it seemed to me that we also were shooting short.

7. I saw no Zeppelin or air craft of any description ; I did
not expect a Zeppehn attack, but I certainly thought they
would have them there for rej)orting our movements, &c.

88 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

8. I only obsen^ed one effort by hostile torpedo craft, and
that only seemed to be made by three boats.

!>. I could not understand the action of certain of our 4
funnelled cruisers. They seemed to me to be not only uselessly
exposing themselves to the enemy's heavy ships, but also getting
in the way of our torpedoes, and hampering our line with their
smoke. I naturally know nothing of the reason for their action,
and merely give this as an impression.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

ARTHUR B. S. BUTTON,
Captain.
The Vice-Admiral Commanding
First Battle Squadron,
H.M.S. "Revenge."

H.M.S. " NEPTUNE."— CAPTAIN'S REPORT OF ACTION
WITH GERMAN FLEET ON 31st MAY 1916.

No. 08.

H.M.S. "Neptune,"
Sir, 10th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward the following report on
the action with the German fleet on 31st ultimo.

At 5.46 p.m., when steering S. 50° E. in columns of divisions
line ahead, disposed abeam, one mile apart,
(Organisation No. 5) flashes from gun-fire were
observed on Starboard bow.
5.51 p.m. — Gun-fire heard on Starboard bow.
5.56 p.m. — One of our cruiser squadrons, either First or Second,
was observed on Port bow, engaging enemy, the
latter being out of sight of " Neptune."
6. 1 p.m.— Signal " 9 Pdt. E— G.18 " was hauled down.
6. 6 p.m.— -The inspiring signal —

" Remember the traditions of the glorious First of
June — avenge Belgium "

was received and transmitted to all on board.

About this time the First Battle Cruiser Squadron (3 in
number) and one " New Zealand " were observed steering to the
Eastward across our bow. They were engaging an enemy
invisible to " Neptune." The Fifth Battle Squadron appeared
some distance astern of them.

The signal " Equal speed Pdt. C.L." (S.E. by S.) was hoisted.

6.16 p.m. — Signal hauled dow*u. Formed into hne.

About this time the flashes of enemy's guns were seen on
Starboard beam and quarter, and the splashes of his projectiles
were observed on Starboard side.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 89

Enemy appeared to be firing on our cruisers, some of which
appeared out of the mist. One of " Warrior " class was seen
to be badly hit and set on fire ; she passed across to Port quarter.
Another cruiser, appearently " Defence," was observed to be
hit, and was reported to have blown up.

A third cruiser of same type, though surrounded with shells,
managed to make her escape.

6.32 p.m. — " Colhngwood " opened fire. About this time 5th
division got somew hat bunched up, and " St. Vincent "
came up on " Neptune's " beam, masking her fire
and interfering with view of enemy. " St. Vin-
cent " opened fire, which now became general in
our line.
6.40 p.m. — " St. Vincent " having dropped astern, " Neptune "
opened fire on one of enemy's battleships, which
appeared to be unfired on. Owing to the mist,
enemy could only be indistinctly seen. Fire was
opened at 11,000 yards, but after two salvoes,
both of which appeared to be short ; owing to the
impossibility of spotting and gradual disappearance
of the target firing was discontinued. Enemy
appeared to fire one or two salvoes in our direction
and then to discontinue.
6.44 p.m. — Course altered to S.E.

6.50 p.m. — Passed " Acasta " hove to and putting colhsion mats
over two holes, one on StarboarcT quarter and one
on Port bow.
6.55 p.m.—" 9 Pdt. E.— G. 17 " hauled down.

About this time a three-funnel cruiser (" Moraves " class),
apparently disabled, was observed to come out of the mist on
Starboard beam. She possibly fired the torpedo which hit
" Marlborough."

First Battle Squadron opened fire on her. " Neptune " fired

one salvo at her, but as so many other ships were firing at this

cruiser, I ceased fire. She was observed to be hit several times,

and was lost sight of astern. She did not return the fire.

About 7.4 p.m. — " Neptune " opened fire on the leading of

two battle cruisers, " Ltitzow " class. The first

salvo was fired at a range of 10,200 yards and

fell over. * * * i — fire." Salvo short. "Up

* * * 1 ". Straddle and hit. "Up * * * ^ "

and hit again They then turned away, the leader

on fire aft, and rapidly disappeared in a cloud of

smoke.

An enemy light cruiser was now seen steering to Northward.

She was soon hit, while turning to Port, by a salvo from one of

our ships. She appeared to stop and to settle down in the water.

Believed to have sunk.

^ See note on p 381

^♦0 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

7.10 p.m. — About six or eight German destroyers commenced an
attack on our line from a position about 2 points
before the Starboard beam. A salvo from 12-in.
was fired at them while 4-in. guns were being
manned. " Neptune " opened fire with 4-in. guns
on one destroyer, which was not being fired at,
and hit her three times, then opened fire on another
(the second in the fine) and she was hit too, believed
by " Neptune," but might have been b}' another
ship. Both are believed to have sunk. The
remaining destroyers were driven off, but not
without torpedoes being fired at our Kne. The
tracks of three torpedoes were clearly seen from
the fore-top, one of which passed very close to
" Neptune," and was avoided by use of helm.

Two submarines — one on the surface about three miles on
Starboard quarter, and the other in diving trim about two miles
a point before the Starboard beam — are believed to have been
seen from fore-top about this time.

About 7.5 p.m. a badly damaged vessel, apparently a German
light cruiser, was passed about a mile on Port beam. She was
very badly crumpled up, Avith waist below water, and bow and
stern above the surface. She seemed to have been abandoned.
From subsequent information this appears to have been
" Invincible."

About 10.40 p.m. heavy firing, apparently from an engagement
between light cruisers and destroyers, was observed to the North-
West, about four or five miles off. One ship appeared to be set
on fire.

Flashes were observed to the Northward at intervals during
the night.

About 3.45 a.m. on 1st instant a Zeppehn was observed on
Port quarter. She passed over to Starboard beam. A round
was fired at her from " X " turret, after which she turned away
and made off.

The white ensign flown by our ships did not seem to stand
out clearly at a distance in the white misty weather, nor the
union jack either.

It is not known why the red ensign was abandoned, but it is
considered that red shows up better than any other colour against
any background likely to be met with, and a large red flag,
flown in a conspicuous position, such as the foretopmast head,
is recommended.

In the case of most of the Officers and men of " Neptune,"
this was the first occasion on which they had been in any kind
of an action. It had an exhilarating and beneficial effect, the
opportunity of coming in contact with the enemy being much
appreciated.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 91

The behaviour of all during the short and disappointing
engagement was most creditable, all orders being rapidly and
accurately carried out \Aithout undue excitement.

Separate reports giving names of Officers and men recom-
mended are being forwarded.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

V. H. G. BERNARD.
The Vice-Admiral Commanding Captain.

First Battle Squadron.

H.M.S. " AGINCOURT/' CAPTAIN'S REPORT OF ACTION.

No. 171/02. H.M.S. "Agincourt,"

Sir, 10th June 1916.

In accordance with your signal, I have the honour to
submit the follomng report on the action of 31st Maj', as far as
H.M.S, " Agincourt " was concerned.

At (). 0 p.m. — The ship's position was Lat. 57° 7' N., Long.
5° 41' E. ; course, 134°; speed, 20 knots.
6. 8. Altered course to 122°.

6.17. Altered course to 45° — thereb}^ dejDioying into

line : " Agincourt " now being rear ship of the
line.

At 6.12 p.m. — Our Battle Cruisers and flashes of enemy's guns
came into sight from just on the port bow to
the starboard bow, crossing from right to left.
Shortly after tliis, the 5th Battle Squadron was
seen following our Battle Cruiser Squadi-on and
firing at the enemy, but the flashes of these
enemy ships' guns only came into sight through
the mist one at a time.

The " Lion " was noted to have a fire on board, which was
apparently put out.

Our Light Cruisers and Destroyers appeared to hang about
just in front of the 6th Division, and thus came in for some of
the enemy's projectiles not apj^arently intended for them.

A clear view of the enemy could not be obtained, but from
general opinion the enemy ships first fired on were Battle
Cruisers.

6.14. Enemy shots falhng near the ship.

6.16. Salvo straddled " Hercules " while deploying.

6.17. Turned into Hne after " Hercules."

6.18. "Marlborough" opened fire; but the range was

not yet clear of our own ships for " Agincourt."
6.24. Opened fire on enemy Battle Cruiser; range,

10,000 yards. Target could just be made out,
but her number in their hne could not be stated
vrith accuracy. Hits had been obtained on this

92 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

ship when the smoke from our own Armoured

Cruisers blotted out the enenw vessels, one of

which was very heavily hit.
6.25. Speed by signal — 14 knots.

6.32. 0])ened fire again on same ship. Another hit was

ol)served, l)ut mist made it impossible to be

certain of fall of shot.

Our own line of fire was now blocked by our own Destroyers.
Fore Control observed a Battle Cruiser, apparently crippled,
heading in the opposite direction and flashing FU by searchlight.
Fire was then opened on enemy four-funnelled Cruiser, thought
to be the " Roon."

6.34. Lost sight of enem5\
6.36. Course, 111°.

6.48. Course, 104°.

6.55. Observed " Marlborough " struck by torpedo or

mine on the starboard side. A few minutes
after, the periscope of a submarine was seen
passing the ship on starboard side. This could
be seen from the Control Top and not from the
Bridge or Conning-tower.

7. 0. Course, 168°; speed, 18 knots.

7, 4. Turrets opened fire again on enemy three-funnelled

Cruiser. " Marlborough " was firing at her.
She was apparently already disabled and on fire,
but was floating when she passed cut of sight.

7. 6. Four enemy Battleships, apparently their 5th

Division, appeared out of the mist, two of wliich
showed clearly against the mist. Opened fu'e on
one of these: range, 11,000 yards; at least
four straddles were obtained and eflfective hits
seen.

7. 8. Enemy torpedo just missed astern. It had been

re])orted from aloft, and course was altei-ed.
This w^as probably fired by a submarine.

7.17. Enemj' fire straddled sliip. Enemy destroyers

were now observed approaching from enemy's
lines.

7.18. 6-in. guns opened on them. When five hits had

been observed on the first one fire was shifted
to another; tw^o hits were observed on her
before she was lost in the mist. Enemy
destroyers made a smoke screen w-hich hampered
the turrets firing during the time enemy ships
turned away.

7.35. Track of two torjjedoes i-unning parallel observed

approaching. Course altered to avoid torpedoes ;
passed ahead.
7.41. Submarine reported starboard side ; turned away

to avoid.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 93

7.45. Course, 185°; speed, 15 to 17 knots.

7.50. Passed a wreck on port hand.

8. 3. Course, 258° ; 17 knots.

8.25. Torpedo track on starboard side ; turned at full

speed; torpedo broke surface about 150 yards

on starboard bow.

During the night three distinct sets of firing occurred : the

first being on starboard quarter; the second two points on

quarter; the third right astern.

A ship or Destroyer closed " Agincourt " at high speed during
the night, her track very visible. I did not challenge her, so as
not to give our Division's position awa3^ She altered course and
steamed away.

2.30. Vice-Admiral shifted his Flag to " Revenge."

3.52. Zeppehn in sight. Opened with 6-in. guns and

3-in. anti-aircraft. Apparentlj'' no hits were
obtained on Zeppehn ; she went away toAvards
the East.
T.N.T. common were used throughout the action.
Rounds fired : —

12-in. guns - - - 144 rounds.

6-in. guns - - - - -111,,
Anti-aircraft guns - - - 7 ,,
T have much pleasure in reporting the smooth working of
everything on board and the happy alacrity and discipline of all
hands. No direct hits were made on " Agincourt," but several
splinters came on board, doing very minor damage.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servajit.

H. M. DOUGHTY,
The Vice-Admiral Commanding Captain.

First Battle Squadron.

H.M.S. " Royal Oak."

CAPTAIN'S REPORT, H.M.S. "ST. VINCENT."

E.106.

H.M.S. " St. Vincent,"
Sir, 10th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward the following report of the
action of 31st May 1916, as far as it concerned " St. Vincent."

In the approach " St. Vincent " was rear ship of the 5th
Division, i.e., the next division to port of the starboard wing
Division led by " Marlborough."

On forming line of battle to port, " St. Vincent," therefore,
became the fifth ship from the rear. The weather was very
misty — visibiUty extreme about 5| miles. Sea smooth.

The first enemy seen, at which fire could be opened, was a
three-funnelled cruiser two points before the starboard beam.

94 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

heading the opposite way to our line, and apparently stopped.
Range, 11,000 yards. "St. Vincent" gave her a few salvoes,
as tlitl every other ship of the squadron apparently, but she
making no reply, and being evidently in a sinking condition,
cease fire was ordered.

Ten minutes later (about G.54 p.m.) three large ships came
into view near the starl)oard beam, steering a roughly similar
course. (At times a fourth was seen, and also another Division,
very faint indeed, beyond these ships.)

The leading ship that I looked at carefully, I took to be a
" Kaiser " class battleship, but her funnels were short, neat and
square. Arrangement of them with regard to masts was similar
to " Kaiser " class. Also their distance apart was great. It is
possible that this ship may have been " Liitzow," but was not
thought to be so at the time. The German ships opened fire
with quick ripples almost simultaneously with " St. Vincent's "
first broadside, which was directed against their third ship
considered to be a " Kaiser." The third ship was chosen as
there were many ships ahead of " St. Vincent " who could attack
the two leading ships. And this was clearly done, all ships being
continuously surrounded by splashes.

Rangefinders on " St. Vincent's " target agreed closely, gun
range varying from 10,000 yards at start to 9,500 yards at the
end. Rate very small, about 50 closing. Only small spotting
corrections of up or down 50 occasionally necessary to change
from 1 short to 2 short. German fire, which was brisk and regular
at the start, very soon declined in rate and accuracy.

" St. Vincent's " fire was by Director, and the target was
held closely till 7.26 p.m. (32 minutes in all), when the enemy
had turned 8 or 10 points away, disappearing into the mist and
with a smoke screen made by Destroyers to cover them as well.

Total rounds fired, 96 (88 A.P.*^ Lyddite and 8 Common
Lyddite).

To avoid enemy torpedoes crossing the track of the First
Battle Squadron all ships were frequently under helm, and this
led to a little bunching, but mutual understanding and con-
sideration prevented embarrassment — e.g., " Neptune " turns
sharply to avoid torpedo — " St. Vincent," next astern, wishes to
keep steady for gunfire and is not threatened by that torpedo —
" St. Vincent " must overlap " Neptune " for a short time.

The Director was, of course, invaluable under the conditions
obtaining.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

W. W. FLSHER,

Captain.

The Vice Admiral Commanding
First Battle Squadron,
H.M.S. "Royal Oak."

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 95

CAPTAIN'S REPORT, H.M.S. " COLLINGWOOD."i

H.M.S. " ColUngwood,"
Sir, 10th June 1916.

I^ accordance with your signal 0600 of to-day, I have the
honour to submit the following report of the action of 31st May
1916.

2. At 3.15 p.m., enemy reports between the Light Cruiser
Squadrons and Battle Cruisers and the Commander-in-Chief
began to be received. The Grand Fleet was steering S.E. by S.
in columns of divisions, line ahead to starboard, 19 knots,
" ColHngwood " being second ship of " Colossus " division
(No. 5).

3. At 4.50 p.m., the Flag signalled that the enemy's Battle
Fleet were coming North.

Our Battle-Cruisers pass to Eastward.

4. At about 6.15 p.m., our Battle Cruiser Squadron, consisting
of two " Lions," " Tiger," and " New Zealand," appeared to the
Southward, steering about E.N.E., and engaging with starboard
guns. The weather was thick, visibility about 4 miles, and
nothing was at first seen of the enemy, but soon afterwards the
flashes of their guns was observed.

Grand Fleet Deploys.

5. At 6.23 p.m., deploj^ed to S.E. by E., by equal speed
method, and speed of fleet reduced to 14 knots.

6. At 6.28 p.m., " Colossus " signalled for fire to be opened
at the enemy as soon as seen, and soon afterwards a cruiser was
observed to the southward apparently stopped, and fire was
opened on her, at a range of about 9,000 yards. The bearing
was approximately abeam.

Gun Flashes only visible.

7. From time to time after this, the flashes of the guns of the
enemy's ships beyond the cruiser were observed, but insufficiently
clearly to lay the director or guns on, and at no time could the
enemy's hulls be seen from the fore conning tower or director
tower.

Enemy Searchlight Signals observed.

8. An Officer in the after director tower. Lieutenant J. V. P.
Fitzgerald, Royal Navy, informed me afterwards that, on one
occasion for a few moments, he was able to make out dimly the
hulls of three or four ships — he thought of the " Helgoland "
and " Nassau " classes — and later that he saw the enemy's fine,
or some ships of them, turn away apparently together. He saw
a signal " FL"'^ " made by searchlight by some ships in the enemy's
line, several times just before they appeared to turn away. The

J Plate 7.

96 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

signalman in '' Collingwood's " forctop also saw this, and, about
five minutes earlier, our " Compass sign " made about five times.
It struck him that these signals were being made to the enemy
cruiser at which heavy fire was at the time being directed.

i>. The hull of one ship, thought to Ik- " Kaiser " class, was
seen once in the foret(^p for a few moments, but disappeared
before the guns could be laid on her.

10. It is to be noted here that the times of the various
prominent incidents of the battle observed were not specially
noted, and those given in this report (other than alterations of
course taken from the signal book) are not reliable.

11. The " Defence" and "Warrior" (or " Black Prince")
were observed, it is thought, about 6.40 p.m., between our line
and the enemy's, steering towards our rear, firing vigorously,
and themselves on fire and repeatedly struck, and the former
ship was observed to be blown up.

Fir.'it Destroyer attack on our Line.

12. A torpedo attack by an unknown but small number of
destroyers was directed on our rear from the beam direction
soon after fire was opened, and the 5th Division turned away
two points by " Preparative." Fire was opened wdth 4-in. guns
at a destroyer which approached more nearly than the others.
It is believed that this attack accounted for the torpedo which
struck " Marlborough."

13. Speed was increased by signal to 17 knots.

14. At 6.57 p.m., course was altered to south.

'y Colossus ' struck by heavy shell.

15. " Colossus " was observed to be struck forward, it is
thought about 7.10 p.m.; but, with this exception, the splashes
of enemy shot about our line appeared to be infrequent. One or
two salvoes were observed to fall over " CoUingwood," and a
spent heavy yelloAV-coloured projectile, striking short, ricochetted
and burst on striking the water between us and " Colossus."
(Some apparently medium calibre projectiles were falling short
at the beginning of the action, but " ColHngwood " was not
struck.)

Ariother (?) Enemy Cruiser observed.

16. Soon after this, another damaged enemy cruiser of
" Rostock " class was observed about abeam, and fire was
opened on her with lyddite common shell. I am, myseK, in some
doubt as to whether this was, in fact, another ship, or the same
one as was being fired at j^reviously, the fleet having, perhaps,
brought her again into view by alteration of course to starboard.
An Officer in the after conning tower considers that the first
cruiser was sunk, and that this was certainly a different and
larger one.

17. At 7.22 p.m., speed was reduced by signal to 15 knots.

PIxxjAi 7.

H . M .5. COLLINGWOOD.

TRACK CHART OF NAVAL ACTION 3|stmay.

Ut 57 UN
Posicion Lony5''2QE.

^BCF

Light Cruiser
- ^(6 30)

<?^ :^<y.

"J-i

^X-^o.

\ Liqht Cruiser
17. 'O)

\ BaCtleC'-aissrs
» (7.Z0)
,' Destroyers
'-' (7-20)

Scale 8 Miles -I Inch,

9 0pm

10073. ZA-zee/p 1173% iooo.iz.zo.

/o. 6'/^

Malbvci.Sons.Lith

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 97

Enemy's Battle-Cruisers and Destroyers appear.

18. About 7.20 p.m. (?), an enemy's battle cruiser, taken by
me to be " Seydlitz," appeared on starboard beam (turned to
same direction as our fleet), shortly followed by another. Other
officers considered she was a " Derfflinger," and the question
remains in doubt, though my impression of the central funnel is
a fairly clear one. She presented a clear target, range about
8,000 yards, and fire was shifted to hei'. Unfortunately, the
guns were loaded with lyddite common shell. She was struck at
once by two salvoes which started fires and silenced all but her
fore turret guns. She very shortly (and before A. P. shell could

; arrive at the guns) disappeared in dense smoke which was being
made by a number of destroyers (not more than six) which were
attacking from about 2 points before our beam. The general
impression is that these destroyers turned round to starboard
{i.e., towards course of our fleet) to fire their torpedoes at a range
of about 9,000 yards.

While approaching, and after turning, they made dense
clouds of smoke into which the battle cruisers disappeared. It
occurs to me that the latter were accompanying the flotilla,
probably fired torpedoes themselves, and then took cover in the
smoke of the destroyers.

19. At 7.26 p.m., a general signal to turn away 2 points was
made.

Torpedoes cross our Line.

20. " Colossus " now signalled the approach of a torpedo and
turned away. Immediately afterwards a torpedo track was
seen about 20° abaft " ColHngwood's " beam, coming straight
at the ship. I am under the impression that the ship was at
the time already under helm. Large helm was put on and the
torpedo passed very close astern. At the same time, another
was observed to pass about 30 yards ahead. It is thought that
the ship had turned about 4 or 5 points when these torpedoes
crossed the fine.

21. Fire was continued at a damaged destroyer on the quarter
with 12-in. guns for a few minutes and then ceased, no hostile
craft being seen afterwards.

General Remarks.

22. On one or two occasions, fires were distinguished on
board enemy's ships. It is to me remarkable that, notwith-
standing the very weak attacks of the German destroyers (for
whose operations the weather conditions were admirable) and
the great range (about 9,000 yards) at which their torpedoes
were fired, so large a number of their torpedoes passed through
the rear of our fine. The smooth water helped my foretop look-
outs to distinguish the tracks of the torpedoes.

It is obvious to me that the fact that all but one missed is
principally providential. The loss suffered by these destroyers

z 12872 G

98 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

appeared to be small ; only one was observed by " Collingwood "
to be put out of action. The great value of this form of attack
on a line of ships is, to me, an outstanding feature of the battle
fleet action.

The apparently concerted torpedo attack by battle cruisers
and destroyers covered by dense smoke, and the remarkably
close range to which the battle cruisers approached, is noteworthy.

Conduct of Officers and Men.

23. All ranks and ratings performed their duties to my
complete satisfaction. There was a complete absence of excite-
ment in all departments, and I am convinced that, had
" ColUngwood " suffered damage, the behaviour of Officers and
Men would have proved to be entirely in accordance with the
best traditions of His Majesty's Navy.

T have the honour to be,
fSir,
Your obedient Servant,

JAMES LEY,

Captain.
The Vice-Admiral Commanding,
First Battle Squadron.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT, H.M.S. "ROYAL OAK."

H.M.S. " Royal Oak,"
Sir, 10th June 1916.":^

With reference to your signal of to-day, I have the
honour to submit the following report on the action of 31st May
— 1st June.

P.M.

5.47. Firing first heard.

5.49. Flashes distinctly visible. Green 65 to S. Westward.
6.12. Formed hne of Battle.
6.15. Heavy firing observed to the Southward.
6.25. " Iron Duke " oj)ened fire on 3 funnelled cruiser.
6.29. " Royal Oak " opened fire with 15-in. guns on the same
3 funnelled cruiser. Fired 4 salvoes, the first salvo fired

was seen to have straddled the target. The hit was

observed on after part of the ship with the 3rd salvo.

Range about 10900 yards from the plot.
6.33. " Royal Oak " opened fire with 6-in. guns. Two or

3 salvoes fired on above target, all ajDparently straddhng*

" Royal Oak " was straddled once.
6.35. " Royal Oak " checked fire, enemy cruiser being no

longer visible. When last seen was burning fiercely.

There was a large amount of spray from shots in front

of her at this time.
1 * * * * *

^ See note on p. 381.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 99

P.M.

Observed cruisers heavily engaged on the starboard

bow, two of our cruisers seemed to be badly damaged.
6.45. Enemy Battle fleet faintly visible on the starboard beam.

Order passed to " open fire " but could not be carried

out owing to mist enveloping them. From spotting top

the four engaged ships looked like " Konigs " or

" Kaisers."
6.50. Passed wreck of ship on starboard beam, broken in two

pieces, believed to be " Invincible." Speed varied

from 15 to 18 knots.
7.9. " Royal Oak " and " Benbow " opened fire, with 6-in.

guns on enemy destroyers. Bearing Green 65 to the

Westward.
7.11. " Marlborough " reported she had been struck by a mine

or a torpedo.

7.15. Observed 3 enemy battle cruisers to Westward on star-

board beam. Opened fire with 15-in. guns on leading
enemy's battle cruiser " Derfflinger " class. Atmos-
sphere much clearer for a few moments.

7.16. Enemy ship fire at was observed to be hit several times

aft. Opening range 14,000 yards. Speed of own ship
15 knots. Enemy turned away into mist. Fire was
shifted to the next ship, a few rounds only could be
fired as she was soon lost in the mist. All 6-in. guns
• were meanwhile firing on the enemy Destroyers on

starboard beam, who were zigzagging frequently.

7.28. Eenmy destroyers, making a very effective smoke screen,
turned away to starboard, our own destroyers coming
down from ahead and chasing them off.

7.30. Altered course, leading ships together, rest in succession
to S. by W. " Royal Oak " was not in action again.
The total expenditure of ammunition being 15-in. — 39;
6-in.— 84.

7.44. Heavy firing heard from rear of British line, enemy ships
very faintly visible on starboard quarter. Shots seen
falHng fairly close to " Benbow."

7.50. Speed 15 knots.

7.51. Heavy firing observed on green 125.
7.55. Increased speed.

8.17. Firing observed on port bow.

8.20. 3 hght cruisers of " CalHope " class under heavy fire;
observed a hit on starboard quarter of rear cruiser
abreast 2nd gun from aft. Apparently did not affect
the ship.

8.55. Observed firing apparently a heavy destroyer engage-
ment on starboard quarter. A big flare was seen
lasting quite 15 seconds.

G 2

100 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

-P.M.

At 10.12 and 10.45 firing again broke out in this direction, in
the latter of these a battleship division was apparently
engaged, ships being occasionally silhouetted against
searchlights.

A.M.

2.20. " Iron Duke " fired a gun at cruiser on starboard bow,
who did not answer challenge.

3.20. Heard heavy firing.

3.45. Altered course to port. Speed 15 knots.

3.52. Rear battle ship of division fired at a Zeppelin, red 150,
Got ranges of Zeppehn as 19,000-20,000 yards. " Iron
Duke" fired 13*5-in. at her, she turned away and
disappeared, behind a cloud, and was not again sighted.

There were no mishaps with the exception of one missfire
with a 15-in. gun, and this was immediately rectified.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

C. MACLACHLAN,
The Vice Admiral Commanding, Captain.

3rd Battle Squadron.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT, H.M.S. "MARLBOROUGH." .

Sub-Enclosure to Enclosure No. 4 to Submission No. 1415/0022
of 20/6/16 from C.-in-C. Home Fleets.

H.M.S. " Marlborough,"

9th June 1916.
Sir,

I HAVE the honour to report that at 6.54 p.m. on the
31st May, the ship was struck by a torpedo in the Diesel engine
room. At the same time a periscope was observed by witnesses
about 1,000 yards on the starboard beam. No track of this
torpedo was observed, though looked for by several observers
immediately after the explosion.

The explosion caused a list to starboard of seven degrees,
and flooded the Diesel Engine Room, Hydraulic Engine Room,
and water was reported to be entering " A " boiler room, the
biggest leak being between the framing of the watertight door
to the lower bunker 100-111, and the bulkhead to which it is
secured, which had parted. I then telephoned orders to draw
fires in " A " boiler room. Speed was now reduced to 17 knots.

" Marlborough " continued in the line, and at 7.0 p.m. three
torpedoes were reported on the starboard beam and bow.
Course was immediately altered to starboard and then to port ;
two torpedoes passed ahead and one astern of the ship.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 101

The T.B.D. "Acasta," lying disabled, was then passed one
cable on the port beam. At 7.0 p.m. fire was reopened on a
disabled enemy ship, range 9,800 yards, four salvoes were fired,
and the third and fourth were observed to hit. Ceased fire
at 7.07 p.m.

At 7.10 p.m. fired a torpedo at a disabled German ship with
three funnels. This may have been the same ship. At 7.12 p.m.
opened fire on battleship of " Markgraf " class, one point before
the start)oard beam, distant 10,200 yards, steering south.
Fourteen salvoes in six minutes were fired at this ship, and the
sixth, twelfth, thirteenth, and fourteenth were observed to hit.
The speed was now 15 knots Ceased firing at 7.18 p.m.

At 7.19 a T.B.D. flotilla was sighted attacking on the star-
board bow, opened fire at them with range 11,000 yards.
Course was altered away two points to S.S.E., and at 7.22 the
flotilla scattered in a dense cloud of funnel smoke, two boats
being hit. At 7.24, altered course to S.E. by S., and fired a
torpedo at a battleship of the " Markgraf *' class. At 7.33
three torpedoes were observed on starboard beam and bow,
course was immediately altered to starboard and then to port,
one passed ahead, one astern, and the other very close astern
or under the ship.

Ship was steadied on course S. by W., and at 7.52 to S.S.W.
At 8.0 p.m. course was altered to West and speed to 17 knots,
a report also was made to the Commander-in-Chief that
" Marlborough's " maximum speed was reduced to 17 knots.

At 8.20, altered course to S.W., 9.0 to S. 4 E., and 9.15
to S. 7 W. At 10.5 p.m. there was gunfire on the starboard
beam and again at 10.40, abaft the starboard beam, distant
about 8 miles.

At 11.44 p.m. gunfire heavy on starboard quarter, and again
at 00.10 a.m. about 7 points abaft starboard beam. A very
heavy explosion was observed, evidently a ship blowing up.

At about 2 a.m. 1st June, Commander Currey reported to
me that the water Avas gaining, and that he and Engineer
Commander Toop considered that it was dangerous for the ship
to steam any longer at a speed of 17 knots, so with great regret
I immediately informed you that speed must be reduced.
Speed was then reduced to 15 knots, and " Marlborough " hauled
out of fine, the " Revenge," " Hercules," and " Agincourt "
proceeding at 17 knots.

At 2.15 a.m. speed was reduced to 13 knots and " Fearless "
ordered alongside port side. Engines were stopped at 2.30 a.m.
" Fearless " came alongside, embarking you and your staff.

At 3.0 a.m. I proceeded N. 4 E., and later on the " Fearless "
joined as escort. A Zeppelin was sighted at 4.0 a.m. passing
astern and steering to the Eastward. Two common and two
A. P. shells from 13'5-in. guns and twelve H.E. shell from H.A.
gun were fired, and the Zeppelin was observed to dip suddenly,
but proceeded on its course.

102 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

Orders were now received from the Commander-in-Chief to
proceed to T3'ne or Rosyth via M channel, so at 4.30 a.m. course
was altered to S. 38 W., 14 knots. Owing to the deep draught
of the shij> I decided to proceed to Rosyth.

At i).3() a.m. two submarines were observed, bearing west
about 8 miles off and steering towards " Marlborough " with
conning towers siiowing. Five minutes later they dived, so
course was altered away from them, course being resumed at
10.50 a.m. to S. 56 W. At 10.52 a.m. an oily patch was
observed about 2 miles astern, and the track of a torpedo over-
hauling the ship, the torpedo passed along the port side, two
cables off. At 11.10 a.m. course was altered to westward, and
at 1.45 p.m. Commodore (T) with Harwich Flotillas was sighted
bearing S.E. T.B.D.'s " Lark," " Lance," " Lysander," and
" Lassoo," and shortly afterwards " Laforey," " Lookout,"
" Lawford," and " Laverock " joined as escort. At 4.0 p.m.
T.B.D.s " Ness " and " Albatross " joined.

At 8.0 p.m. the wind was freshening from the S.W., force 5,
and by 10.0 p.m. W.S.W., force 6, with a rising sea.

About 10.0 p.m. the water was rising in " A " boiler room
through the suction of the ash expeller pump and submersible
pump continually choking and the canvas hose of the ejector
bursting. At midnight the water was still gaining, and was now
about 4 feet below the grating around the top of the boilers.
Commander Currey reported that matters were serious below,
and asked that a salvage tug might be signalled for. I then
altered course to S.W. by W. reduced, to 10 knots, and steered
for the lee of Flamborough Head, which was distant about
50 miles, stationed the " Fearless " one and a half cables to
windward of the, fore bridge as the sea was breaking over the
starboard side of the upper deck. At the same time I informed
the Commander-in-Chief of the state of affairs, and asked the
S.N.O., Tyne, to send tugs to meet me off Flamborough Head.

1 also warned destroyers to be prepared to come alongside
lee side.

The " Laforey " and " Lookout " then asked if they could be
of use in laying an oil track ahead of " Marlborough." At

2 a.m. " Lance's " division was ordered to lay oil track ahead,
and to windward of " Marlborough." This proved most success-
ful, and I was very grateful to the destroyers for the suggestion.
My wireless messages were interce]ited by the Admiralty and a
signal was received from the Admiralty to proceed to the
Humber. In the meantime in " A " boiler room. Stoker Petty
Officer Ackerman was sent down in a diving dress and cleared
the suctions of the pumps, and at 1 a.m. the water was stopped
from rising. Speed was increased to 12 knots at 3 a.m.

At about 4.30 a.m. the steam ejector was repaired and the
boiler room was cleared of water well below the floor plates at
about 5.15 a.m. As the land was closed the Meather improved,
and at 5.30 a.m. the destroyers stopped making oil track.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 103

" Marlborough " passed Spurn Light Vessel at 7.35 a.m.,
and secured to No. 3 buoy off Immingham at 10 a.m.

^^llen the ship was torpedoed, Stoker Wilham Rustage,

Official Number K. 20,877, and Stoker Edgar G. Monk, Official

Number K. 4,266, A^iio were on duty in the Diesel room, were

instantly killed.

1 * * * * *

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

GEORGE P. ROSS,
The Vice-Admiral Commanding, Captain.

First Battle Squadi'on.

Engineering Report.

H.M.S. " Marlborough " in Action,

31st Mmj 1916.

The explosion distorted the bulkhead on starboard side of
" A " Boiler Room between Boiler Room and Lower Bunkers
90-111. The forward athwartships bulkhead at 92 station was
also distorted. The firebars and fire of No. 1 Boiler Room fell
into Ash Pans. The Boilers and steam pipes remained intact
and there was no escape of steam. Water came into the Boiler
Room, the biggest leak being between the framing of the water-
tight door to lower bunker 100-111, and the bulkhead to which
it is secured. Electric and secondary fighting was not interfered
vdth. in " A " Boiler Room.

The fire and bilge pump, steam ejector, and ash expeller
pump were put on the bilge in a most expeditious manner, but
water continued to rise and put out fires in Nos. 1 and 6 boilers
within a few minutes of the explosion, ten minutes after the
explosion the water put the fires out in Nos. 2 and 5 boilers — as
fires were put out boilers were shut off ; water continued to
rise, when fires were drawn in Nos. 3 and 4 boilers, and the
main steam system in " A " Boiler Room was then isolated.
All efforts were directed to clear the boiler room of water, special
attention being given to keeping suctions clear of ashes and dirt.
This was successful and at about 7.30 the water was at the level
of the fioor plates and was kept there until the following day.

All coal and oil fuel necessary for " B " and " C " Boiler
Rooms was taken from the Starboard side and coal was trimmed
from starboard upper outer bunkers to lower and oil fuel pumped
from starboard tanks to Port emergency tanks ; no compartments
were flooded for trimming purpose.

From the time the explosion on the 31st May until arrival of
the vessel in the Humber about 8.30 a.m. on 2nd June the heel
of vessel to starboard at no time exceeded 7| degrees.

1 Part omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c., in no way bearing on the course of the actioii.

1u4 battle of jutland :

Report of Work done after Explosion of Torpedo in
Diesel Engine Room, 31st May, 6.64 G.M.T.

During the afternoon enemy vessels were reported, and
gieat excitement prevailed amongst the ship's company at the
chance of getting a shot at the enemy. Signal was made by
Flag to prepare for immediate action. Shortly after this was
completed, distant firing was heard and signals were coming in
from various ships engaging the enemy.

At 4.15 sounded off action stations. I then ordered the
forward wreckage party and Canteen Assistants to throw over-
board all bacon and Canteen gear stowed in the boat-deck
storeroom and the men returned to their stations.

At 6.18 opened fire, I went round the main deck and saw
all the men at their stations. All went smoothly until at 6.54,
ship was struck by a torpedo. I was just stepping out of lower
conning tower door when the torpedo exploded, and it felt
uncomfortably close. I saw the oil fuel come out between angle
iron and the deck, and then it closed up and stopped completely.
No one in the lower conning tower was even shghtly damaged,
or in the switchboard room. I got no answer from upper conning
tower for about | minute after challenging, and they then
challenged " correct." I then went out of the conning tower
and found thick fumes of oil fuel on the main deck. The hghts
were all out in the immediate vicinity of the explosion, and
they came on again about | minute after I got up there. I saw
a man come out of the HydrauUc Room, Forrard starboard side,
and I saw the oil fuel on the main deck, and oil fuel in the Diesel
room escape. I ordered the sliding shutters to be closed, also
the vent doors to escapes, and the sliding shutters and ventilating
valves. I ascertained that two men were in Diesel room, but as
trunk was full there was no doubt they were killed by explosion.

I then ordered the Medical Distributing Station to be shored u)),
and the 6-in. magazine (this magazine was reported badly dented).

I received a message that " A " boiler room was flooding,
and could not keep the water under. I reported to upper
conning tower and then went down in " A " boiler room myself,
but found the bullchead on fore end and bunker bulkhead,
starboard side, badly dented and a lot of water coming out of
starboard after bunker door. I found the men in the stokehold
working in splendid style. The water had put out the fires in
the four starboard boilers, and they were stoking four port
boilers with water almost up to their knees as if nothing was
going on. Their coolness and courage is deserving of great praise.

I left the boiler room and, went down to 6-in. magazine and
" B " space to see the damage there. I found 6-in. magazine
very sHght leakage, but there was a large dent in the side plating.
There was also a sUght leak in starboard aft corner of 6-in. shell
room. There was no leakage in " B " space, magazine, or shell
room. - Water was gaining in fore medical distributing station,
and I had the deck shored up, which was showing signs of
weakness, and I took the forward medical party and kept the

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 105

small hand fire pump going. I then went down to my station,
and the report came through that the water in " A " boiler room
was under control, and that fires were being primed and topped.
The ship now had a list to starboard of about 8 degrees.
The ship was still steaming as fast as possible with " B " and
" C " boiler rooms, about 17 knots. At about 8 p.m. I again
went round the damage in " A " boiler room, water the starboard
side was just up to floor plates. There was a heavy stream
coming through between the starboard after bunker door framing
and bulkhead. A moderate stream from both ends of electric
lead passage, a smaller stream through the Diesel engine exhaust,
but the ash expeller was keeping the water under. I then went up
on the main deck, starboard side, between 90 and 111 bulkheads,
and found oil fuel coming out of the deck and gaining slowly.
I could find no puncture anywhere, so assumed the deck was
leaking at the angle iron. I then ordered the pump keeping
the medical distributing station clear to shift to the main
deck and pump out, and to alternate between the two. At
about midnight I got up the five-ton portable electric pump
from " Y " space, which worked well, and was sufficient to keep
the water under in the medical distributing station and the main
deck. The glands for the electric leads on the starboard bulkhead
of the lower conning tower flat now began to give trouble. I got
a small punch and caulked with white lead and yarn. I cut off
some leads and carefully screwed on a blank flange, and in cases
of leakage between bulkhead and glands shored up with small
shores. This enabled two hands to keep the flat dry with buckets.
I next opened electricians' workshop (66-78) and found water
coming up slowly through the deck, showing comj)artments
below were flooded. I set up the door with shores which had
been shaken, and this almost stoi3ped the leakage. There were
no signs of water leaking in any other compartments I examined.

At about 1 a.m. I went below to " A " boiler room again,
and I consider that the fore and aft starboard bulkhead and
starboard forward corner of athwartship bulkhead was gradually
coming in, so I ordered the carpenter to put up some more shores
on the weakening parts, and I went aft to see the Engineer-
Commander and discuss the situation. I told him I considered
it unsafe to continue with this high speed. He said he was
using fuel entirely from the starboard side ; this was not bringing
the ship upright, but it prevented the list getting worse. This
made me assume that water was gaining on us in other compart-
ments we could not see, and he agreed with me that he did not
consider it safe to continue. He also stated he thought the
fire of " A " and " B " turrets would probably bring down the
shores. If this happened, I did not consider the bulkheads
would hold, so I came on the bridge and reported the matter
to the Captain. At about 2 a.m. H.M.8. " Fearless " came
alongside the ship and took the Vice -Admiral and Staff away.
The ship proceeded at 11 knots. I then went round and found
that at this speed the flow of water had not increased, and the

106 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

bulkhead did not get any worse. I reported to the Captain,
and speed was gradually increased to 13 knots. I then went
aft and discussed the subject of flooding port side aft abreast
wing engine room with tiie Engineer-CJommander to bring the
ship back to nearly upright, Ijut we came to the conclusion that
it would be better to keep the ship with 8 degrees list than to
make her heavy, as in the event of being hit with another
torpedo she would have plenty of reserve buoyancy, an 8 degrees'
list being no danger to the ship. The flooding could be done
quickly if necessary to put her on an even keel for gunfire, so
I did not submit the question to the Captain to flood the port
wings. The electric lead glands were getting worse, but by
taking them in hand at once the water was kept from gaining.
In the compartments inside the damage I had a hand stationed
at all bulkheads to report any increase of water through leaky
glands or rivets. About 6 a.m. I took Chief Stoker Bond down
to " D " pump, and we tried the 2nd-4th longitudinal as far
aft as 78, and it was tight, no water being in the compartment.
Abaft 78 it was open to the sea. The starboard bath-rooms were
all practically empty. A rivet hole was found on the boundarj'^
angle of the war signal station, through which the oil fuel was
leaking on to the main deck. This was plugged with a wooden
plug, and in about half an hour's time the main deck between
90 and 111 bulkheads, starboard side, began to buckle upwards
in large blisters. I shored it down with mess tables and stools.

The bunker plate on the mess deck was also leaking badly,
so I shored one of the small collision mats over this and stopped
it, At about 11 a.m. the submersible pump (100 tons), supplied
for trial, was placed down the starboard aft of " A " boiler room,
and started about noon. This pump was of great value and
worked very well, and throws a good head of water. It works
better under water than pulling and heaving, as it keeps cooler.

The afternoon and early evening passed quietly, then the
wind and sea arose. This was a most anxious time, as the ship
began to work, and I did not know what might happen. I placed
two extra shores inside by the centre of the boilers half way along
each boiler. At about 10.45 the carpenter reported water
gaining in " A " stokehold. I went down to see what could be
done. I found Engr. Lieut. -Commr. Cunninghame down below
assisting with the pumps. The working of the ship had
disturbed the dirt in the bottom, and the suction of the ash
expeller and submersible pump were continually choking. The
ejector was tried, but the canvas hose burst, a spare hose was
shipped and blew away from the joint. The Engineer-Com-
mander gave orders for three bands to be made to secure the
end connection (the ejector was completed at 4.30 a.m.). About
11.30 the submersible was shifted to clear its suction, and in so
doing the roll of the ship took it against the shores of the door
and knocked them away. This increased the flow of water,
as they could not be replaced owing to the depth of water in
the boiler room. At midnight the water was still gaining, and

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 107

was now about 4 ft. below the grating around the tops of the
boilers. I considered the situation serious, and reported the
matter to the Captain, I also informed him I considered salvage
tugs should be asked for, as in the event of " A " boiler room
flooding, it was impossible to say where such a large volume of
water may find its way, and it was quite possible it might be
necessary to stop the engines. I came down from the bridge
and got up the diving gear. Stoker Petty Officer Ackerman
went down in the diving dress and kept the suctions clear, and
at 1 a.m. the water was stopped from rising. At about 4.30 a.m.
the steam ejector was repaired and the boiler room was cleared
of water well below the floor plates about 5.15, and the situation
became in hand.

On arrival in the Humber, Commander Ward came on board
to ascertain the damage and what was required. One 6-in.
and two 3-in. petrol motor salvage pumps were sent on board
in the afternoon, and the tug " Englishman " with a large pump
was sent alongside on arrival. During the afternoon a large
number of shores and planks were sent off to the ship. Captain
Pomeroy of the Liverpool Salvage Association came on board
about noon, and his professional advice about shores and stopping
leaks was very valuable. He advised about placing additional
shores, and what he considered the ship could stand. The ship
was brought to an even keel by flooding the wing compartments
abreast port wing engine room and pumping more oil over to the
port side. The Boatswain's Stores forward, the Paint Store,
sand, and all heavy weights from forward were brought aft,
and placed on the quarter deck and in the Admiral's lobby.
" A " and " B " and 6-in. magazines and shell rooms were cleared
into lighters, sheet anchor and cables were landed. Starboard
provision and flour rooms were cleared and placed over the
port side. There was 2 ins. of water in the flour room, due to
leaky electric glands. On Saturday evening, about 6.45, the
starboard fore and aft bulkhead in " A " boiler room began to
give slightly. More additional shores were then placed, and the
bulkhead was made quite safe about midnight Saturday-Sunday.
The salvage vessel " Linnet " came alongside at 8 a.m. Sunday,
and placed an 8-in. submersible pump in " A " boiler room.
Sunday evening the ship was on an even keel, drawing 33 ft.
6 ins. forward and 31 ft. 6 ins. aft. The ship did not proceed
to sea on Monday owing to weather. Tuesday ship proceeded
to sea and made good 10 knots. Rounding Flamborough Head
at noon the ship ran into a heav}^ swell, which continued until
5 p.m., but no shores gave way, and the ship stood it well.

H. SCHOMBERG CURREY,

Commander.

^ Part omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c. in no way bearing on the course of the action.

108 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

VICE-ADMIRAL'S REPORT, 2nd BATTLE SQUADRON.

Enclosure No. 5 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/16 from
C.-in-C. Home Fleets.

No. 149/47 D.

" King George V.,"
Sir, 5th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward herewith a summary of the
events occurring during the recent action, compiled from reports
made by ships of the Second Battle Squadron, accompanied by
plans sent in by " King George V.,"i " Erin,"^ " Orion,"'
" Monarch,"^ and " Thunderer,"* and a diary of events before,
during, and after the action, kept on board " King Geogre V."

2. I am unable to supply much detail from personal
observation, as it was mipossible to gather any general idea of
the action, only momentary gUmpses of the enemy being
obtained.

As leading ship, in addition to the hazy atmosphere, I was
much hampered by what I imagine to have been cordite fumes
from the battle-cruisers after they passed us, and from other
cruisers engaged on the bow ; also by funnel gases from small
craft ahead, and, for a considerable time, by dense smoke from
" Duke of Edinburgh," who was unable to draw clear.

3. There is some evidence that submarines were close ;
" Duke of Edinburgh " three times made the signal of their
presence, and my Flag Lieutenant-Commander is certain that
he saw the two periscopes of one vessel.

On the other hand, it was obvious to me that a good deal of
" Duke of Edinburgh's " fire was directed not at a submarine
but at the wake of vessels ahead.

The right gunlayer and trainer of '" Y " turret in " King
George V. " state that they saw a torpedo break surface
400 yards short of "King George V."

4. I should like to mention specially that about 9 p.m.
I negatived an attack with Whitehead torpedoes ordered by
" CaroHne," as I was certain that the vessels seen on our
starboard beam were our own battle-cruisers. The Navigating
Officer of my Flagship, who has just come from the battle-cruiser
fleet, was also certain that they were ours, and saw them
sufficiently clearly to give their approximate course, which I
reported to you.

Shortly afterwards, I told " Carohne " to attack if he was
quite certain they were enemy ships, as he was in a better position

' Plate 8.

- No trace of receipt at Admiralty of plans bv " Erin " or " Monarch "

3 Plate 29. ' "Plate '30.

VUiU-^ 8.

Plan showing Track of H. M.S. George V.
VIpm loKptn.May3'".''l9l6

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

109

to see them than I was, but I do not know whether an attack
was made.

If they were enemy ships and ho attack was made, the fault
is mine, and not that of " CaroHne."

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

T. H. M. JERRAM,

Vice- Admiral,
Commanding Second Battle Squadron.

The Commander-in-Chief,
H.M. Ships and Vessels,
Grand Fleet.

ACTION OF 31ST MAY, 1916.
Summary of Reports from Second Battle Squadron.

Time.

Ship
Reporting.

Observations.

Remarks.

oAO p.m.
6.15 p.m.

6. 15 p.m.

G.17 p.m.

'King George
V."

•' Orion " -

" Monaich "

"Thunderer'

0)3served battle cruisers in
action, probably about 30°
green.

Trained on an enemy
cruiser, apparently of
" Kolberg "" class already
on fire aft and stopped,
steam escaping from
funnels, foremast shot
away. Range, 12,400 yards.
Did not open fire, as
blanked by a ship of 1st
Cruiser Squadron.

Enemy hidden from us by
our battle cruisers. Two
four - funnelled British
cruisers retiring towards
rear end of our battle fleet.
One disappeared in a cloud
of steam. One surroimded
by splashes but appeared
to emerge undamaged.
1st Cruiser Squadron under
heavy fire, being straddled
frequently. They were seen
to damage a German
cruiser severely, setting her
on fire aft. This was
thought to be either "Prinz
Adalbert " or " Friedrich
Karl."

As these vessels
are believed to
have been sunk
some time ago,
probably it was
"Kolberg "class.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

109

to see them than I was, but I do not know whether an attack
was made.

If they were enemy ships and ho attack was made, the fault
is mine, and not that of " CaroHne."

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

T. H. M. JERRAM,
Vice-Admiral,
Commanding Second Battle Squadron.

The Commander-in-Chief,
H.M. Ships and Vessels,
Grand Fleet.

ACTION OF 3 1st MAY, 1916.
Summary of Reports from Second Battle Squadron.

Time.

Ship
Reporting.

Observations.

Remarks.

5.4:0 p.m.
6.15 p.m.

6. 15 p.m.

6.17 p.m.

'King George
V."

" Orion "

" Monaich "

' 'Thunderer'

Observed battle cruisers in
action, probably about 30°
green.

Trained on an enemy
cruiser, apparently of
" Kolberg " class already
on fire aft and stopped,
steam escaping from
funnels, foremast shot
away. Range, 12,400 yards.
Did not open fire, as
blanked by a ship of 1st
Cruiser Scpiadron.

Enemy hidden from us by
our battle cruisers. Two
four - funnelled British
cruisers retiring towards
rear end of our battle fleet.
One disappeared in a cloud
of steam. One surrounded
by splashes but appeared
to emerge undamaged.
1st Cruiser Squadron under
heavy fire, being straddled
frequently. They were seen
to damage a German
cruiser severely, setting her
on fire aft. This was
thought to be either "Prinz
Adalbert" or " Friedrich
Karl."

As these vessels
are believed to
have been simk
some time ago,
probably it was
"Koibfrg "class.

110

BATTLE OF JUTLAND

Time.

Ship
Reporting

Remarks.

6.20 p.m.

6.25 p.m.

" Orion "

'Tliunclerer"

6.25 p.m.

Thunderer''

6.30 p.m.
(appi'ox.)

< !?'„;., "

Erin

6.30 p.m.

" Monarch "

6.31 p.m.

'Conqueror"

6.32 p.m.

' King George

v."

Observed one of our battle
cruisers heavily engaged
before starboard beam. Ri-
cochets falling near us.

" Iron Duke " opened fire on
damaged cruiser. " Thun-
deior " also opened fire,
followed by " Conqueror."

Foui- enemy ships — " Kaiser '
class and battle ciuisers —
hove in sight. Gims were
laid on one of these, but we
were masked by " Con-
queror " before we could
fire. Ranges of 22,000
were obtained in the fore
top.

2nd Battle Squadron's view
of enemy obscured by
smoke of " Duke of Edin-
burgh," Enemy's battle
fleet must then have tiu-ned
16 points, om" battle cruiser
fleet about this time passing
between us and them and
being joined by the 3rd
Battle Cruiser Squadron.

Opened fire on enemy light
crmser of " Kolberg " class
stopped. Range, 10,400.
Fired three salvoes ; first
missed right, second missed
right, third appeared to
straddle.

Opened fire on " Markgraf "
class; rough range, 12,000
yards. This ship quickly
disappeared in the haze,
and fire was shifted to a
three-funnelled cruiser (pro-
bably the late " Maravev
Amurski," vide Sheet " D,"
959 — -War Vessels); rough
range, 10,000 yards.

Ship bearing S.E. blew up ;
it is not known what this
vessel was, but it was
thought to be an enemy
light cruiser.

Also passed shortly after
this " Acasta " badly dam-
aged placing collision mat,
and another British de-

This was proba-
bly same ship
of " Kolberg "
class referred to
previously by
"Thunderer"
and "Orion."

Probably same
ship previously
referred to by
" Orion ' and
" Thunderer."

It seems probable
that this also
refers to " Kol-
berg " class ves-
sel under fire
from several
ships.

One was observed
there shortly be-
fore heavily on
fire, probably
" Stettin " class.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

Ill

Time.

Ship
Reporting.

Remarks.

6.32 p.m.

" Orion "

6.33 p.m.

Monarch

About
6.33 p.m.

■ Thunderer '

6.37 p.m.
6.51 p.m.

■' Orion "

' ' King George
V."

stroyer apparently with
disabled engines.

Sighted ship of " Kaiser "
class, 105 green, range,
11,100 yards; fired four
salvoes by director, first
two short, third over,
fom-th hit with 13,300 on
sights. Large fiames ob-
served near enemy's after
turret when foui'th salvo
fell. Enemy then obscured.

Sighted five battleships, 95
green, three " Konigs "
and two " Kaisers," range
12,000 yards. Opened fire
on leading " Konig," two
salvoes, first right and over,
second appeared to straddle
quarter deck. These ships
disappeared from view, but
we fii'ed one salvo at one of
" Kaisers," the result not
being seen.

Two " Kaiser " class (appa-
rently) were now overlap-
ping each other showing
between " Iron Duke " and
" Royal Oak," and fire was
o^^ened through the inter-
val ; first salvo was over,
second salvo straddled
in line with foremast, and
two or three large bursts
with black smoke were ob-
served (" Thunderer " was
iLsing powder filled com-
mon). A third salvo was
filled with no correction,
and a similar result ob-
tained. The enemy was
blazuag for the whole length
of her quaiter deck. A. P.
shell was then ordered, but
" Iron Duke " masked the
fire. Enemy was firing
rapidly by salvoes at first,
but shortly caine down to
slowish fire from one turret.

" Orion " ceased fire, enemy
out of sight.

" King George V." had to
alter course to starboard
to avoid collision with 4th
Light Cruiser Squadron in
the van.

R.A. " Orion "
personally ob-
served the hits.

Apparently same
ships as those
observed by

" Monarch."

112

BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

Tiine.

Ship
Reporting.

Observations.

Remarks.

7.09 p.m.

" Orion

7.10 p.m.
(approx.)

7.12 p.m.

7.14 p.m.

7.15 13. m.

7.15 p.m.

7.16 p.m\

7.17 p.m.

" Ajax "

Conqueror '

" Monarch

" Orion "

" Erin "
"Centurion'

King George
V."

Sighted sliip apparently
battle cruiser of " Derf-
flinger " class, 60° green,
accompanied by a large
number of destroyers, ap-
proaching and then tin-ning
on ai^proximately parallel
course.

Fired one salvo which fell
short at an enemy battle-
cruiser, range 19,000 yards.
4th Light Cruiser Squadron
then crosse< 1 line of fire and
obscured the view.

A destroyer attack developed
from starboard beam. Fire
was opened at 1 0,000 yards.
Destroyers turned away
obscuring themselves with
smoke screen.

Opened fire at " Konig "
class escorted by de-
stroyers, 76° green. Fired
five salvoes, the last two
appearing to straddle.
Range 17,350-18,450 yards.
Fnemy commenced zig-
zagging after third salvo.

Opened fire on battle cruiser
of " Derfflinger " class.
Fired six salvoes, the last
two straddling. Enemy
turned away about the
fourth salvo. Range,
19,000 yards.

A three-funnelled enemy ship
was observed to be heavily
on fire just abaft the beam

Fire opened on apparently a
" Kaiser " class vessel, go-
ing very slowly or stopped,
and surrounded by de-
stroyers. Range, 17,500
yards. Shots did not hit.

" King George V." opened
fire on leading enemy ship.
Range on sights, 'l 2,800
yards; salvo fell short.
Target was either leading
German battleship or
" Liitzow " class with three

Probably same
ship as observed
by " Orion."

Same ship as that
seen at 7.09 p.m.

Seems likely to
have been same
ship as observed
by " Monarch "
at 7.14 p.m.,
though one re-
ported as being
" Konig " class,
and the other
as " Kaiser."

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

113

Time.

Ship
Reporting.

Observations.

Remarks.

destroyers on engaged side

making a smoke screen.

7.17 jj.m.

" Monarch "

Ship observed heavily on fire.
95° green.

7.19 p.m.

~" Monarch "

Sighted battle cruiser " Derf-
flinger " class. 110 green.
Range, 16,000 yards. Also
battle cruiser (" Seydlitz "
or " Moltke ") behind and
beyond her. Trained on
enemy but director miss-
fired and then shijjs disap-
peared in haze.

7.20 p.m.

" Monarch "

Three enemy destroyers, 95°
green (approx.) being fired
at by 4th Battle Squadron.

7.21 p.m.

" Orion " -

Sighted enemy battleship

See King George

(" Markgraf " or " Kaiser '"

V's report at

class). 98° green, on ap-

7.17 p.m.

proximately parallel covu-se,

apparently the leading shi])

of a column, as others could

be seen astern of her.

Range, 14,800 yards.

" Orion " then altered course

by signal, which prevented

fire being opened.

7.25 p.m.

"Centnrion'n
"Conqueror" ^

Several ships report destroy-

ers approaching to attack

"Orion" /

and " Conqueror " opened

"Monarch" '

fire. Range, 11,000 yards.

"Conqueror"

Shortly afterwards one
enemy destroyersten to be
floating bottom up.

7.27 p.m.

"King George

" King George V." had to

V."

alter course to starboard
to avert collision with light
craft in the van. " Duke
of Edinburgh " much in the
way and making a lot of
smoke.

8.20 p.m.

" Erin "

A sharp action observed on
starboard beam between
the 3rd Light Cruiser
Squadron and some enemy
cruisers.

8.30 p.m.

"King George]

V."

Saw flashes of enemy guns on

starboard bow and flashes

" Monarch " ;

from our battle cruisers
ahead.

8.40 p.m.

" Monarch "

" Calhope " hit, 1,000 yards

(approx.)

on starboard beam.

9.00 p.m.

"King George

Sighted British battle cruis-

V."

ers W.N.W. steering S.W.

9.07 p.m.

"King George

" Caroline " made signal

V."

"Attack with Whitehead

12872

114

BATTLE OF JUTLAND

Time.

Ship
Reporting.

Observations.

Remarks.

9. 15 p.m.

9.20 p.m.
(very
api)rox.)
9.30 p.m.

10.30 p.m.
(approx.)

"King George

V."
"King George

V."

" Erin "

"Thunderer

10.30 p.m.

10.50 p.m.

1.9/ June.
4.00 a.m.

" Boadicea

King George
V. "

<^orpedoes " V.A. II. B.S.
made, " Negative attack, [
those ships are our battle [
cruisers." " Caroline " |

then made, " These appear
to be enemy ships." V.A.
II. B.S. replied, " If you arc
quite sure attack. " Caro-
line " was about six points
on starboard bow, about
1-2 miles distant, but was
not seen to attack.

Heavy firing on starboard
quarter.

Saw a white fire ball, very
brilliant, 110 green.

Firing seen astern and one
German three - funnelled
vessel was seen to be on fire
fore and aft.

An enemy cruiser challenged
three times, switching on
and off four red lights hori-
zontal above four green
horizontal. Fire was not
opened as it was considered
inadvisable to show up
battle fleet unless obvious
attack was intended. Our
destroyers shortly after
attacked this cruiser and a
hot engagement followed.
She was seen to be hit manj'
times ; she eventually
tixrned to port.

After taking vip night station
astern of " Thunderer," a
large cruiser challenged
with four red lights hori-
zontal, and four green
horizontal immediately af-
terwards. After challenging
she sheered off to starboard.

Two or three enemy cruisers
engaged a ship about 4,000
yards astern. A fire started
on oiu- ship, and a hit or
explosion was seen on
enemy cruiser. This action
lasted about 4 minutes.

Sighted Zeppelin about 80°
green. " Thunderer " fired
one salvo.

Same ship as
reported by

" Thunderer."

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

115

Time.

Ship
Reporting.

Observations.

Remarks.

7.00 a.m.

8.45 a.m.

King George
V."

Pa.ssed wreckage of foreign
origin, apparently a num-
ber of large German cordite
cases.
Passed wreckage and dead
bodies, undoubtedlyBritish.

GENERAL REMARKS.

" Ajax " - - It appeared that each enemy ship was accom-
panied by a destroyer which emitted dense
volumes of smoke with the idea of obscuring
the target.

" Centurion " - Submarines were reported on several occasions,
and Lieutenant Peet has no doubt that he
sighted a submarine with double periscope at
7.40 p.m., bearing 60° green, 2,000 yards.

" Orion " - Firing was by chrector, which was invaluable.

" Thunderer " Just before opening fire there was a very large

explosion on starboard quarter, apparently

bej^ond Fifth Battle Squadron ; a column of

water and debris was thrown up'.

No enemy shots fell nearer than 400 yards

(short).
Objects came into view and disappeared again
in about 3 minutes, a quick R.F. reading,
used immediately, was the only practicable
method. Most of the ranges taken were
about 11,000 yards, but for a short period
ranges 22,000 to 18,000 were obtained in
the fore top.
Powder filled common excellent to commence
with, i.e., till straddhng is well estabHshed,
the bursts being easy to distinguish.

NOTES MADE ON BOARD "KING GEORGE V."
Battle-fleet was in divisions in Une ahead columns disposed
abeam to starboard, 8 cables apart, steering S. 50 E.

31st May, p.m.

(1) 2.24. Signal received form " Galatea " 2 cruisers probably
hostile, in sight (56 — 48 N., 5—26 E.), bearing
E.S.E. stopped, later report course of enemy S.S.E.
chased at 2.38 p.m. (1420 and 1422.)

H 2

116 BATTLE OF JUTLAND

31st May, p.m.

(2) 2.40. " Galatea " reported a large quantity of smoke

bearing E.N.E. (56.50 N., 5.27 E.). Speed of

fleet, 17 knots. (1435.)
2.45. Guides of columns ordered to bear N.E. by N.
2.52. 18 knots.

(3) 3.00. Altered course, leaders together, to S.E. by S.

" Galatea " reported smoke appeared to be from
7 vessels — Destroyers and cruisers steering North
56.52 N., 5.38 E. (1450.)

(4) 3.07. S.O. 3rd L.C.S. reported 3 cruisers bearing E.

steering N. 56,-59 N., 5.33 E. (1500.)
3.08. Cruisers took up cruising disposition No. 1.
3.13. S.O. 1st L.C.S. reported enemy altered course to

N.W. Columns opened to 1°. (1507.)
3.17. 19 knots.

(5) 3.25. " Nottingham " reported sighting 5 columns of

smoke bearing E.N.E., 56.46 N., 5.20 E. (1522.)

(6) 3.40. S.O. B.C.F. reported 5 Battle Cruisers and large

number of destroyers bearing N.E., 56.53 N.,
5.35 E. Course of enemy, S.E. (1535.)

3.50. S.O. B.C.F. reported course of enemy S. 55 E.

3.55. 20 knots.

(7) 3.57. S.O. B.C.F. reported that he was engaging the

enemy (56.53 N., 5.40 E.) ; it was later ascertained
that 5th B.S. were also engaging the enemy.
(1550.)

(8) 4.40. S.O. 2nd L.C.S. reported having sighted enemy

battle-fleet bearing S.E. course North, 56.34 N.,

6.26 E. (1636.)
4.46. Enemy Battle-fleet course reported to be E.N.E

(Single line ahead.) (1630.)
4.55. Enemy battle fleet course reported to be North.

(9) 5.16. S.O. B.C.F. reported sighting enemy's battle fleet

bearing S.E. (56.36 N., 6,9 E.) (1645.)

5.40. Observed cruisers in action.

5.45. 2nd L.C.S. reported enemy's battle fleet altered
course N.N.W. (1740.)

5.54. 2nd L.C.S. reported enemy's battle fleet altered
course N. (1750.)

6.02. Altered course leaders together, remainder in succes-
sion to South, 19 knots.

6.06. Altered course leaders together rest in succession
to S.E.

6.13. Equal speed S.E. by E.

6.20. Reduced to 14 knots.

6.26. Altered course to port.

6.32. Increased to 17 knots, battleships in rear opened
fire.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 117

31st May, p.m.

6.32. Ship bearing S.E. blew up ; it is not known what
this vessel was, but it was thought to be an
enemy hght cruiser; also passed shortly after
this " Acasta " badly damaged, placing colhsion
mat, and another destroyer apparently with
disabled engines.
One of our four-funnelled cruisers observed to be
heavily hit.

6.51. " King George V." had to alter course to starboard
to avoid colhsion with 4th L.C.S. in the van.

6.56. Altered course to South. This was done just
previous to a signal being made.

7.02. " Marlborough " reported being hit by a torpedo.

Altered course 3 points to starboard.

7.09. Course South.

7.12. 2nd B.S. ordered to take station ahead.

7.17. " King George V." opened fire on leading enemy
ship; range on sights 12,800 yards, salvo fell
short. Remainder of 2nd B.S. had opened fire
shortly before. Target ship was either leading
German battleship or " Liitzow " class battle
cruiser mth three destroyers on engaged side
making a heavy smoke screen.

7.20. Altered course 4 points to port together by signal.

7.22. Target obscured by smoke screen and haze; ceased
fire.

7.27. " King George V." had to alter course to starboard
to avert collision with hght craft in the van.
" Duke of Edinburgh " much in the way and
making a lot of smoke.

7.42. Formed single Une ahead on " Iron Duke."

(10) 8.26. 2nd L.C.S. reported they were engaging enemy

cruisers, 56.47 N., 5.56 E. (2020.)

(11) 8.52. 3rd L.C.S. reported Battle Cruisers probably hostile

bearing N. steering W.S.W., 56.42 N., 5.41 E.

(2045.)
8.56, " Warrior " reported both engines disabled and in

tow of " Engadine," 56.10 N., 5.50 E. (2103.)
0.03. Course South.

9.03. 2nd L.C.S. reported being attacked by enemy

destroyers from the West; these were driven off
to N.W. (2055.)
9.07. " CaroUne " made signal " Attack with Whitehead
torpedoes." V.A. II made " Negative attack,
these ships are our battle cruisers." " Carohne "
then made " These appear to be enemy ships."
V.A. II replied " If you are quite sure, attack."
" CaroUne " was about six points on the starboard

118 BATTLE OF JUTLAND

31st May, p.m.

bow, about 1-2 miles distant, but was not seen

to attack.
9.11. Sighted our l)attle cruisers bearing W.N.W. steering

S.W.
!).30. Assumed second organisation, divisions in line

ahead, course South, columns 1 mile apart,

destroyers astern of battle fleet 5 miles.
10.45. Eleventh flotilla reported having been engaged with

enemy cruisers. (2240.)
11.36. " Birmingham " reported battle cruisers, probably

hostile, bearing N.E. steering South, 56.26 N.,

5.46 E.
11.40. 2nd L.C.S. reported engaged with enemy cruisers,

10.15 p.m. (2240.)
June, a.m.

3.47. 3rd L.C.S. reported engaging Zeppelin (0335.)

3.57. Battle fleet opened fire on Zeppelin.

4.30. " Dublin " reported one cruiser and two destroyers,

probably hostile, bearing East, course South.

(0430.)
4.47. Ordered to look out for " Liitzow," damaged

(ahead).
8.55. " Castor " and eleventh flotilla joined up.
9. 0. Informed C.-in-C. we had passed wreckage of foreign

origin at 7 a.m. and of obviously English origin at

8.45 a.m.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

119

VICE-ADMIRAL'S REPORTS, 4th BATTLE SQUADRON.

Enclosure No. 6 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/16 from
C.-in-C. Home Fleets.

From : The Vice-Admiral Commanding, Fourth Battle Squadron.
H.M.S. " Benbow."

Iron

To : The Commander-in-Chief, Grand Fleet, H.M.S.
Duke."

Date : 4th June 1916.

No. : 0131.

The attached summary of the reports from the Fourth Battle
Squadron on the action of the 31st May is submitted in
continuation of the rough personal reports already forwarded.

A more detailed report will be submitted separately.

F. C. D. STURDEE,

Vice-Admiral.

ACTION ON 3 1st MAY.— SUMMARY OF REPORTS FROM
SHIPS OF FOURTH BATTLE SQUADRON.

Time.

" Benbow."

Canada."

" Bellero-
phon."

" Teme-
raire."

" Vanguard.

P.M.
5.55

6.10

6.14

6.15

6.20

6.22

0.25

6.28

Range of
enemy's ship
in damaged
condition,
13,000-14,000

Director on
German ship,
" Llitzow "
class, 16,000
yards.

Two salvoes
at German
ship which
had suf-
fered hea-
vily.

Sighted some
grey misty
objects.

British Ar-
moured Crui
ser blew up.

Opened fire.
Control Offi-
cer given free
hand. Im-
possible to
count enemy

Ship on bow
flashed I A R.

British Ar-

moured Crui-
ser blew up.

British Ar-

moured Crui-
ser blew up.

120

BATTLE OF JUTLAND

Time.

'' Benbow."

Canada."

P.M.
6.30

b.32

0.34

0.35

0.38

0.40

0.45
0.48
7.0
7.U

7.11
7.15

7.17

7.19
7.20

Opened fire.
Shots lost in
liaxe.

Fired again
with A and
B turrets.

Fired again
with A and
B. Target

then obscured
by ship on fire
drifting be-
tween ship
and enemy.
Fire again

opened, 12,500
Target crossed
after second
salvo. Mist
then obscured.

Observetl en-
emy turn
away.

Fired at

T.B.D's. (0-in)

German T.B.D
on fire.

Opened fire
A. and B.

? " Liitzow."

Opened with all
turrets.

' Bellero-
phon."

" Teme-
raire."

" Vanguard.

Opened
fire on
Cruiser.
Hit third
salvo.

Opened fire at
3 -funnelled
cruiser { ? )
" Freya,"
11,000. Hit
fourth salvo.

German cruiser
(?) " Freya "
stopped, dis-
abled.

Checked fire.
No enemy in
sight.

Engaged
T.B.D's. be
fore beam.

Four salvoes
at Battle-
ship or
Battle Crui-

A. Turret

and 4-in. at
Destroyers.
Hit.

Opened fire at
Battle Crui-
ser, 11,000.
Straddled.

Checked fire.
( ? ) " Freya "
out of sight.

Geiman Battle
Cruiser " Liit-
zow " on fire.

Opened fire
at enemy
Battle
Cruiser
12,000, 7
salvoes.

Fired a few 12-
in. at torpedo
craft.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

121

Time.

" Benbow."

" Canada."

" Bellero-
phon."

" Teme-
raire."

" Vanguard."

P.M.

7.20

Hit seen on
German Bat-
tle Cruiser.
Mean R.F.
range same as
on sights at
this salvo.

7.25

Engaged de-
stroyers
with 6-in.

Few salvoes at
T.B.D's.

7.28

Ceased lii-e.
Smoke screen

—

7.30

Three salvoes
of 14-in on
T.B.D. Hit.

Fired at Enemy
Light Cruiser,
Disabled.

4-in. on
T. B. D's
also two
12-in. sal-
voes.

7.32

German T.B.D.
sunk.

—

7.34

German T.B.D.

sunk.
German T.B.D.

observed to

capsize.

7.35

6-in. on
T.B.D's. Ene-
my's Battle
Cruiser re-
ported still
afloat. Two
funnels and
two masts
showing above
water.

8.57

One salvo, 6-in.
at T.B.D.

—

10.35

Destroyer
Leader
giow^ from
shell
bursts.

Destroyer
Leader dis-
appeared or
smdc.

Enclosure No. 7 to .Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/16 from

C.-in-C. Home Fleets.
No. 0131. " Benbow,"

Sir, 5th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report tliat, in the battle of
31st May 1916, off the Jutland Coast the Fourth Battle
Squadron was in the centre of the Battle Line with the
" Blanche " acting as repeating ship on the off side.

The " Emperor of India " and " Dreadnought " were not
present, being away refitting.

122 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

Tlie Flag of Rear-Admiral Alexander L. Duff, C.B., was
hoisted in the " Superb."

2. The ships under my direct command were the " Benbow," .
" Belk'r()i)hon," '' Temeraire," and " Vanguard," they formed
the Fourth Division of the J3attle Fleet, \vith the " Benbmv "
leading.

The " Superb " and " Canada " were in the Third Division
under the immediate command of the Commander-in-Chief who
led that Division in the Fleet Flagship " Iron Duke."

3. The Fourth Division being placed in the centre of the
Fleet conformed generally to the movements ordered by the
Com mander-i n -Chief .

4. On one occasion only was any separate action necessary,
when at 7.10 p.m. a Destroyer attack was observed. The
Fourth Division were then ordered to turn away by Sub-
Divisions two points in succession in conformity with the Grand
Fleet Battle Orders.

The attack was soon repelled by the gun fire of the ships,
and the Division ordered to turn back to the course of the Fleet
forming astern of the Third Division.

5. At 8.31. p.m., the track of a torpedo was seen passing
ahead. " Benbow " turned towards it. It is beheved that the
torpedo passed ahead of " Iron Duke."

6. The attached summary shows the principal points noted
by the four ships of the Fourth Division,

7. Our ships were not seriously under fire, but, considering
the youth of the ships' companies and the fact that it was their
first time under fire, it is most satisfactory to be able to report
on the keenness and cool behaviour of the Officers and men of
all the ships. No apprehension was shown.

8. The general gunnery efficiency seemed to be good, and no
breakdowns were reported.

The conditions of hght and haze did not give the ships much
opportunity for using their guns and the restraint from firing
when the enemy was hidden by haze reflects credit on the control.

The rapid manner in which the Destroyers were made to turn
away promptly showed good control and effective fire.

9. None of the ships were struck nor were there any
casualties.

10. The visibihty Avas low and variable, the maximum range
obtained being 13,500 yards, which was recorded in " Benbow "
at 6.14 p.m., as the range of an enemy capital ship.

The average range obtainable was about 11,000 yards.

11. Owing to the haze and low visibihty the targets were
few and consisted of a Light Cruiser at moderate range, a Battle
Cruiser at longer range and Destroyers approaching to attack,

12. Firing commenced on an enemy's Battle Cruiser at
6.30 p.m., and due to the varjdng visibihty, was intermittent
up to 7.28 p.m., when the enemy retired behind a smoke
screen.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 123

At 7.18 p.m., a big fire was observed in this ship.

13. There was considerable difficulty in distinguishing friend
from foe owing to these large Fleets meeting in varying
visibility.

14. The following ammunition was expended froni the main
armament : —

" Benbow " - 40 rounds " Vanguard " - 80 rounds
" Bellerophon " 62 rounds " Temeraire " - 72 rounds

If). Rear- Admiral Duff's report is attached.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

F. C. D. STURDEE,

Vice-Admiral.
The Commander-in-Chief,

H.M. Ships and Vessels,
Grand Fleet.

REAR-ADMIRAL'S REPORT, 4th BATTLE SQUADRON.

From — The Rear-Admiral Fourth Battle Squadron.

To — The Vice Admiral Commanding Fourth Battle Squadron.

Dafe— 4th June 1916. A^o.— 017.

Submitted. The enclosed report was written before arriving
in harbour on June 2nd. It was not sent in at the time as not
being in command of a Division the report of the Captain of
" Superb " would practically cover all the points coming under
mv observation.

A. L. DUFF,

Rear-Admiral.

Report on action of 31st May 1916.

No. 017.

" Superb,"
Sir, 1st June 1916.

In accordance with your signal 1835 of 1st instant, I have
the honour to make the following report.

2. Owing to weather conditions under which the action was
fought, and knowing little of the general situation preceding the
arrival of the Battle Fleet on the scene of action, or, in fact, at
any time, necessarily limits the scope of my remarks to what I
actually saw take place.

3. The main features of the action appeared to be : —

(a) The low visibihty ;

(6) The difficulty of distinguishing between friend and
foe, owing to the weather conditions. This was accen-
tuated through ignorance of the disposition of the Rosyth

124 BATTLE OF JUTLAND:

force, already in action, presumably with the enemy Battle
Cruisers but possibly with his Battle Fleet as well;

(c) The Cruiser line being caught under a heavy fire
before being able to take up their Battle station on
the flanks of the Battle Fleet.

4. The scene immediately before and during deployment of
the Battle Fleet was an interesting one. To the right, in the
haze, our Battle Cruisers could be distinguished hotly engaged,
but with what portion of the enemy's forces could not be seen.
In front, and between us and the enemy whose position was
onl}^ denoted by the flash of his guns, were our Cruisers
endeavouring to take up their after- deployment station on the
flanks under a heavy fire.

A Cruiser of the " Minotaur " class was observed to be badly
damaged and I was informed that she was observed to blow uj).
Another of the " Warrior ". class was being Hterally smothered
in salvoes ; and a Light Cruiser, after being hidden from view by
columns of water, seemed to have disappeared.

5. At 6.14 p.m. (G.M.T.) the Fleet was deployed by " equal
speed pendant " to S.E. by E., and line of battle was formed with
the Second Battle Squadron leading. At 6.45, the firing
appeared to be general in our Battle Fleet.

6. During the engagement, the Third Sub-division was
never under fire of the enemy and the few shots that fell in
our vicinity were either ricochets or " overs." Only two ships
of the enemy were seen with sufficient distinctness to enable
fii'e to be opened on them. These ships I beheve to have been
the " Derfflinger " and a Cruiser of the " Prinz Heinrich " type.
Identification was an extraordinarily difficult matter, but I am
fairly sure that neither were Battleships, and that the only
indication I saw of the enemy fine of battle was from smoke and
the flash of guns.

7. The ship beheved to be a Cruiser of the " Prinz Hein-
rich " type came under a verj^ heavy fire and was apparently
disabled and her guns silenced. The " Derfflinger " at fii-st was
firing from four turrets, but latterly it seemed from only one. A
fire was seen to break out aft. I thought it was followed by an
explosion.

8. Visibility. — At the time the signal for deployment was
made (6.14 p.m. — G.M.T.) I estimated the visibihty at about
5 to 6 miles. By 6.45 p.m. it had somewhat decreased and the
fight was becoming bad. From then on, the visibihty varied,
but was not, I think, ever more than 12,000 yards. The
tfirection of the wind was S.W. by S. — Light.

9. Destroyer Attack. — At 7.10 p.m., the course of the Fleet
being South, enemy Destroyers were observed approximately
abeam, attempting under cover of a smoke screen to dehver an
attack on the centre and rear of the Fleet. The attack was
neither made with dash nor was it pressed home, whether on

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. ' 125

account of the fire from the 6-in. guns of our ships or the threat
of a counter-attack from our Light Cruisers, I do not know.
The Destroyers, however, before they retired, were well within
long-range distance, and possibly the attack might have proved
effective, had the Fleet not been turned away by the
" Preparative."

10. The weather conditions were very favourable to Torpedo
attack, and it is an interesting fact that the enemy made so
Uttle effective use of this weapon against our Battle Line.
Possibly he was reserving his Destroyers in the hope of making
more effective use of them after dark.

11. As the result of turning away, touch was lost with the
enemy Battle Fleet and was not regained before darkness
necessitated drawing the Fleet off for the night.

12. Of the enemy's Battle formation and movements, I was
unable to form any definite idea.

13. The enemy had much to be thankful for to the weather
conditions, which, it seems to me, alone saved him from being
cut off from his base, and denied the British Fleet the
satisfaction of fighting a decisive battle.

14. The steaming of the " Superb " during the afternoon of
the 31st was highly satisfactory, and reflects great credit on the
Engine Room Department.

15. The incidents as affecting the " Superb " are dealt with
in the report of her Commanding Officer.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant.

A. L. DUFF,
The Vice-Admiral Commanding, Rear-Admiral.

Fourth Battle Squadron.

Enclosure No. 8 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/16 from
C.-in-C. Home Fleets.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT, H.M.S. " BENBOW."

No. C. 85.

H.M.S. "Benbow,"
Sir, 8th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward the following report on the
action with the German High Sea Fleet on 31st May 1916, and
a simple narrative of events as they appeared from the Control
Officer's point of view in the Gun Control Tower. * * *i

(1) Very great difficulty was experienced in getting the
Director on to the target, and fire could not be opened as soon
as it ought to have been, the enemy could be seen from the
Gun Control Tower and Conning Tower when using Zeiss Glasses,
but not from the Gun Telescope on the bearing plate.

^ See note on page 381.

126 . BATTLE OF JUTLAND:

4: 9ic >ic 4: :|cl

At 6.38 nearly all turret Officers thought that we opened
fire on the enemy cruiser drifting down between the lines, whereas
we were firing at one of the " Kaiser " class beyond her.

* * * * *2

Attached also are some extracts from reports of officers from
their several positions.

I have the honour to be,
8ir,
Your obedient Servant,

H. W. PARKER,

Captain.
The Vice Admiral Commanding
Fourth Battle Squadron.

II.

No. 94.

Commander in Chief,

Submitted in continuation of former reports.

F. C. D. STURDEE,
10th June 1916. Vice- Admiral.

EXTRACTS FROM OFFICERS' REPORTS.
H.M.S. "BENBOW."

Sitting Officer in the Top. — The difficulties of spotting on
this occasion were very great.

With the mist varying in intensity, enemy ships coming into
sight for a few seconds and then disappearing, I found it extremely
hard to be certain that I was spotting on to the same ship as
that indicated (through the voice pipe) by the Control Officer.

The difficulty of being certain that one was spotting on to
the ship fired at was even more marked.

For some seconds after each salvo my vision was blanked by
smoke, my glasses shaken off the object, and owing to the short
range and consequent short time of flight in which to recover
(to say nothing of the fact that between the moment of firing
and the fall of shot there was often a small change of helm) it
was practically impossible to be certain that one was spotting
on the ship fired at.

The position was galling and trying to the last degree; but
I had no alternative on more than one occasion but to inform
the Control Officer that I could not observe the fall of shot (this
being probably due to my spotting on the wrong ship).

1 See note on p. 381.

2 Part omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 127

* * * * ilfl

2. Director Layer. — Little difficulty was experienced due to
smoke from our own guns, but great ^fficulty due to the short
range of visibility.

Great difficulty was experienced in getting on to the object
at which the Control Officer wished to fire, due to the distance
of the Control Officer from Director Tower.

When aloft, the Control Officer has the same condition of
light as Director Layer, when below, either may see the object,
whereas the other may not be able to do so.

(3) Spotting. — Was extremely difficult owing to the poor
visibihty. It was useless attempting to use the high power
glasses, and with binoculars it was not easy to get on the correct
bearing.

(4) Respirators. — The respirators supphed are unsuitable.
The small ones are easily displaced, and the " sausage " ones are
awkward and frail. Two came to pieces during handling in
the T.S.

(5) It was particularly noticed with regard to the enemy's
salvoes that in all cases one projectile fell well to the left (our
left) of the remainder, and that whereas the single shell invariably
exploded on striking the water, the remainder did not.

REPORT OF ENGAGEMENT WITH THE GERMAN
HIGH SEA FLEET ON 31st MAY 1916.

Narrative of Events from a Gunnery Point of View.

Wednesday.
G.M.T.

P.M.

5.59. Observed Battle Cruisers engaged on Starboard Bow.

Observed flashes of enemy's guns.
6. 4. Sighted enemy ships right ahead.
6.14. Obtained ranges of an enemy ship with 3 funnels (13,000-

14,000 yards) bearing Green 60, apparently in a damaged

condition. Probably " Helgoland " Cla.ss. Trained guns

on, but did not fire.
6.26. " Iron Duke " opened fire.

6.29. After great difficulty owing to the haze and smoke, succeeded

in getting Director on to a German ship, apjjarently of
the " Kaiser " class, obtaining two ranges from " X "
turret, mean of 16,000 yards.

6.30. Opened fire with " A " and " B " turrets, Green 73. Shots

lost in haze.

^ See note on p. 381.

128 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

G.M.T.

P.M.

G.35. Fired again with " A " and " B " turrets. Object obscured
by haze.

G.3G. '' A " and " B " turrets fired.

6.38. " A " and " B " turrets fired, object was then obscured
by smoke from an enemy ship on fire drifting down
between " Benbow " and the enemy. This ship was
apparently an enemy cruiser with three or four funnels.
Several of " Benbow's " rangefinders were apparently
taking ranges of this ship instead of the ship actually
fired at.

6.40. Fire was again opened mth " A " and " B " turrets, at a
range of 12,500 yards, the target was crossed after the
second salvo, and the order " Control " was given by
the Control Officer. The Cease Fire Gong was then
rung, mist and smoke obscuring the target.

6.48. The enemy were observed turning away to Starboard.
6.54. Ship turned to Southward.

7, 2. Passed wreck of " Invincible."

7. 9. 6-in. opened fire on Destroyers bearing Green 56, at 8,000

yards. * * *i
7.11. One destroyer observed to be on fire.
7.17. Opened fire with " A " and " B " turrets on enemy ship,

" Liitzow " class. Green 132 (about).

7.19, Spotted down * * *i and opened fire with all turrets.

7.20. Hit observed near after turret by several observers.

7.28. Ceased fire. Enemy destroyers making smoke screen.

6-in. ceased fire about this time.
7.32. German destroyer observed to sink.
7.34. German destroyer making smoke observed to sink.

7.34. German destroyer observed to capsize.

7.35. 6-in. opened fire on two lots of Destroyers. Enemy Battle

Cruiser reported to be still afloat, 2 masts and 2 funnels
showing above water.
7.47. TrembUng shock felt in T.S.

7.49. Collected reports of rounds fired : —

" A " turret - 12

"B" „ - 12

"Q" „ - 4

"X" „ - 5

"Y" „ . 5

Total rounds fired 38

7.57. Turrets, stand easy.

8.24. Heavy firing heard right ahead.

See note on p. 381,

Ol-'FICfAI. DKSI'ATCIilOS. 121)

G.M.T.

P.M.

8.27. Altered course 4 points to Port.

Top reported track of torpedo right ahead, cios.-itig
" Iron Duke's " bows.
8.34. Course S.W. by S.

8.57. 6-in. firing on destroyers, one salvo (short).
9. 2. Altered cour.se 4 points to Port.
9.14. Observed star shell on starboard bow.

Thursday.

Observed Zeppelin on Port quarter passing astern P. or S.
Opened fire with " Y " turret, 1 round.
6-in., 1 round.

VICE-ADMIRAL'8 REPORT, BATTLE CRUISER FLEET.

Enclosure No. 9 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/16 from
C.-in-C. Home Fleets.

B.C.F. 01. " Lion,"

SiE, 12th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report that at 2.37 p.m. on 31st May
1916, being in Lat. 56.47 N., Long. 4.59 E., I altered course
to the Northward to join the Commander-in-Chief, in accordance
with previous orders.

2, The force under my command was as follows : —

"Lion" (Captain A. E. M. Chatfield, C.V.O.) flying my
flag, " Princess Royal " (Captain W. H. Cowan, M.V.O., D.S.O.)
flying the Flag of Rear-Admiral O. de B. Brock, C.B., " Tiger "
(Captain H. B. Pelly, M.V.O.), "Queen Mary" (Captain
C. I. Prowse), " New Zealand " (Captain J. F. E. Green) flying
the Flag of Rear-Admiral W. C. Pakenham, C.B., M.V.O.,
" Indefatigable " (Captain C'. F. Sowerby), " Southampton,"
flying the Broad Pennant of Commodore W. E. Goodenough,
M.V.O., " Nottingham " (Captain C. B. Miller), " Birmingham "
(Captain A. A. M. Duff), "Dublin" (Captain A. C. Scott),
" Galatea," flying the Broad Pennant of Commodore E. S. Alex-
ander Sinclair, M.V.O., " Inconstant " (Captain B. S. Thesiger,
C.M.G.), " Phaeton " (Captain J. E. Cameron, M.V.O.), " Cor-
deUa " (Captain T. P. H. Beamish), " Falmouth " (Captain
J. D. Edwards), flying the Flag of Rear-Admiral T. D. W. Napier,
M.V.O., "Birkenhead" (Captain E. Reeves), "Gloucester"
(Captain W. F. Blunt, D.S.O. ), " Yarmouth " (Captain T. D.
Pratt), " Champion " (Captain J. U. Farie, Captain D, 13th
Destroyer Flotilla), with Destroyers "Nestor" (Commander
Hon. E. B. S. Bingham), " Nomad " (Lieut. -Commander
P. Whitfield), " Narborough " (Lieut. -Commander G. Corlett),

* 12872 I

13(» BATTLE OF Jl TLAND:

" Obdurate " (Lieut. -Commander C. H. Sams), " Petard " (Lieut.-
Comraander E. D. O. Thomson), " Pelican " (Lieut. -Commander
K. A. Beattie), " Nerissa " (Lieut. -Commander M. C. B. Legge),
" Onslow " (Lieut.-Commander J. C. Tovey), " Moresby " (Lieut.-
Commander R. V. Alison), " Nicator " (Lieut, in Command
J. E. A. Mocatta), " Fearless " (Captain C. D. Roper, Captain D,
1st Destroyer Flotilla), with Destroyers " Acheron " (Com-
mader C. G. Ramsey), '" Ariel " (Lieut.-Commander A. G. Tippet),
" Attack " (Lieut.-Commander C. H. N. James), " Hydra "
Lieut. F. G. Glossop), " Badger " (Commander C. A, Fremantle),
" Goshawk " (Commander G. H. Knowles), " Defender " (Lieut.-
Commander L. R. Palmer), " Lizard " (Lieut.-Commander

E. Brooke), " Lapwing " (Lieut. H. W. D. Griffith), Destroyers
from the Harwich force temporarily attached to my command,
" Lydiard " (Commander M. L. Goldsmith), " Liberty " (Lieut.-
Commander P. W. S. King), " Landrail " (Lieut.-Commander

F. E. H. G. Hobart), " Laurel " (Lieut. H. D. Stanistreet),
" Moorsom " (Commander J. C. Hodgson), " Morris " (Lieut.-
Commander E. S. Graham), " Turbulent " (Lieut.-Commander
J. L. C. Clark), " Termagant " (Lieut.-Commander C. P. Blake),
and Seaplane Carrier " Engadine " (Lieut.-Commander C. G.
Robinson).

The Battle Cruiser Fleet was accompanied by four ships
of the 5th Battle Squadron under the command of Rear -Admiral
H. Evan-Thomas, M.Y.O., flying his Flag in " Barham " (Captain
A. W. Craig). The other three ships were " Warspite " (Captain
E. M. Phillpotts), "VaUant" (Captain M. Woollcombe), and
" Malaya " (Captain Hon. A. D. E. H. Boyle, C.B.).

3. The force was disposed as follows : 5th Battle Squadron
N.N.W. 5 miles from " Lion," screened by '' Fearless " and 9
Destroyers of 1st Flotilla. The 2nd Battle Cruiser Squadron was
stationed E.N.E. 3 miles from " Lion," screened by 6 Destroyers
of the Harwich Force. " Lion " and 1st Battle Cruiser Squadron
were screened by " ChamjDion," 10 Destroyers of 13th Flotilla,
" Turbulent " and " Termagant." Squadrons were in single
line ahead, steering N. b E. Light Cruisers were in L.S. 6,
centre of screen bearing S.S.E., line of direction of screen E.N.E.
and W.S.W., " Engadine " was stationed between B and C.

4. At 2.20 p.m. reports w'ere received from " Galatea "
indicating the presence of enemy vessels to the E.S.E., steering
to the Northward. The direction of advance was immediately
altered to S.S.E., the course for Horn Reef, so as to place my
force between the enemy and his base. " Galatea " reported at
2.35 p.m. that she had sighted a large amount of smoke as from
a fleet, bearing E.N.E. This made it clear that the enemy was
to the Northward and Eastward, and that it would be impossible
for him to round the Horn Reef without being brought to action.
Course was accordingly altered to the Eastward and North-East-
ward, the enemy being sighted at 3.31 p.m. They appeared to
be the 1st Scouting group of five Battle Cruisers.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

131

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5'

5. After the first report of the enemy the 1st and 3rd Light
Cruiser Squadrons changed their direction and without waiting
for orders spread to the East, thereby forming a screen in advance
of the Battle Cruiser Squadrons and 5th Battle Squadron by
the time we had hauled up to the course of approach. They
engaged enemy Light Cruisers at long range. In the meantime
the 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron had come in at high speed and
was able to take station ahead of the Battle Cruisers by the
time we turned to E.S.E., the course on which we first engaged
the enemy. In this respect the work of the Light Cruiser
Squadrons was excellent and of great value.

6. From a report from " Galatea " at 2.25 p.m. it was evident
that the enemy force was considerable and not merely an isolated
unit of Light Cruisers, so at 2.45 p.m. I ordered " Engadine "
to send up a seaplane and scout to N.N.E. This order was
carried out very quickly, and by 3.8 p.m. a seaplane with
Flight-Lieutenant F. J. Rutland, R.N., as Pilot, and Asst. Pay-
master G. S. Trewin, R.N., as Observer, was weU under way;
her first reports of the enemy were received in " Engadine "
about 3.30 p.m. Owing to clouds it was necessary to fly very
low, and in order to identify 4 enemy Light Cruisers the Seaplane

I 2

i:iL' HA'I'11,1-; (»K .JITl.AXD :

had to fly at a height (»!' i)()() ft. within 8,000 yards of them,
the Light Cruisers opening fire on her Avith ev^ery gun tliat would
bear. This in no waj' interfered with the clarity of their reports
and both Flight-Lieutenant Rutland and Asst. Paymaster
Trewin are to be congratulated on their achievement, which
indicates that seai^hines under such circumstances are of distinct
value.

7. At 3.30 p.m. 1 increased speed to 25 knots and formed
Line of Battle, the 2nd Battle Cruiser Squadron forming astern
of the 1st Battle Cruiser Squadron, Avith Destroyers of the
13th and 9th Flotillas taking station ahead, t turned to E.S.E.,
slightly converging on the enemy, who were now at a range of
23,000 yards, and formed the Ships on a Une of bearing to clear
the smoke. The 5th Battle Squadron, who had conformed to
our movements, were now bearing N.N.W., 10,000 yards. Tlie
visibihty at this time was good, the sun behind us and the
wind S.E. Being between the enemy and his base, our situatif»n
was both tactically and strategically good.

8. At 3.48 p.m. the action commenced at a range of 18,500
yards, both forces opening fire practically simultaneously.
Both appeared to straddle the target early, and at 3.51 p.m.
" Lion " received her first hit. Course was altered to the
Southward, and subsequently at intervals, to confuse the enemy's
fire control ; the mea.n direction Avas S.S.E., the enemy steering
a parallel course distant about 18,000 to 14,500 j^ards. For
the next ten minutes tlie firing of the enemy was very rapid
and effective. " Lion " was hit repeatedly, the roof of Q turret
being bloAvn off at 4 p.m. Immediately afterwards " Indefati-
gable " Avas hit by three shots falling together. The shots
appeared to hit the outer edge of the upper deck in Une wdth
the after turret. An explosion foUoAAed, and she fell out of the
line sinking by the stern. Hit again by another salvo near
A turret she turned over and disappeared.

9. At 4.8 p.m. the 5th Battle Squadron came into action
and opened fire at a range of 20,000 yards. The enemy's fire
now seemed to slacken. It would appear that at this time AA^e
passed through a screen of enemy submarines. In evidence
of this a torpedo was sighted passing astern of '" Lion " from
Starboard to Port. The Destroyer " Landrail " of 9th Flotilla,
Avho Avas on our Port beam trying to take station ahead, sighted
the periscope of a Sulimarine on her Port quarter, and at the
same time the track of a torpedo Avhich passed under her and
crossed the line of the Battle Cruisers betAveen " Tiger " and
" New Zealand." Though causing considerable inconvenience
from smoke, the presence of " Lydiard " and " Landrail "
undoubtedly preserved the Battle Cruisers from closer Submaiine
attack. " Nottingham " also reported a Submarine on the
Starboard beam.

10. Eight Destroyers of the 13th FlotiUa, "Nestor,"
" Nomad," " Nicator," " Narborough," ■ PeHcan," " Petard,"

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 133

" Obdurate," " Nerissa," with " Moorsom " and " Morris " of
10th Flotilla, " Turbulent " and " Termagant ' of the 0th
Flotilla, having been ordered to attack the enemy M'ith torpedoes
when oj)portunity offered, moved out at 4.15 p.m. ssimultaneously
with a similar movement on the part of the enemy. The attack
was carried out in the most gallant manner and with great
determination. Before arriving at a favourable j^O'^ition to
fir^) torpedoes, they intercepted an enemy force consisting of
a Light Cruiser and 15 Destroyers. A fierce engagement ensued
at close quarters, with the result that the enemy were forced
to retire on their Battle Cruisers, having lost two Destroyers sunk,
and having their torpedo attaclc frustrated. Our Destroyers
sustained no loss in this engagement, but their attack on the
enemy Battle Cruisers was rendered less effective owing to some
of the Destroyers having dropped astern during the fight. Their
position was therefore unfavourable for torpedo attaclv.

11. "Nestor," "Nomad," and " Nicator " gallantly led by
Commander Hon. E. B. S. Bingham of " Nestor," pressed home
their attack on the Battle Cruisers and fired two torpedoes at
them at a range of 6,000 and 5,000 yards, being subjected to
a heavy fire from the enemy's secondary armament. " Nomad "
was badly hit and apparently i-emained stopped between the
lines. Subsequently " Nestor " and " Nicator " altered course
to the S.E. and in a short time, the opposing Battle Cruisers
having turned 16 points, found themselves within close range
of a number of enemy Battleships. Nothing daunted, though
under a terrific fire, they stood on, and their position being
favourable for torpedo attack, fired a torpedo at the 2nd ship
of the enemy line at a range of 3,000 yards. Before they could
fire their fourth torpedo, " Nestor " was badly hit and swung
to Starboard, " Nicator " altering course inside her to avoid
collision and thereby being prevented from firing the last torpedo.
" Nicator " made good her escape and subsequently rejoined the
Captain D, 13th Flotilla. " Nestor " remained stopped, but
was afloat when last seen. " Moorsom " also carried out an
attack on the enemy's Battle Fleet.

12. " Petard," " Nerissa," " Turbulent," and " Termagant "
also pressed home their attack on the enemy Battle Cruisers,
firing torpedoes at a range of 7,000 yards after the engagement
with enemy Destroyers. " Petard " reports that all her torpedoes
must have crossed the enemy's line, while " Nerissa " states
that one torpedo appeared to strike the rear ship. These
Destroyer attacks were indicative of the spirit pervading His
Majesty's Navy, and Avere worthy of its highest traditions. I
propose to bring to your notice a recommendation of ( 'ommander
Bingham for the Victoria Cross, and other officers for some
recognition of their conspicuous gallantry.

13. From 4.15 to 4.43 p.m. the conflict between the opposing
Battle Cruisers was of a very fierce and resolute character. The
5th Battle Squadron was engaging the enemy's rear ships,

134 BATTLE Ol*' JUTLA.ND :

uiifoitunately at very long range. Our fire began to tell, the
accuracy and rapidity of that of the enemy depreciating con-
siderably. At 4.18 p.m. the 3rd enemy ship was seen to be on
fire. The visibiUty to the North-Eastward had become con-
siderably reduced and the outline of the ships very indistinct.
This, no doubt, was largely due to the constant use of smoke
balls or charges by the enemy, under cover of which thej-^ were
continually altering course or zig-zagging.

14. At 4.26 p.m. there was a violent explosion in " Queen
Mary " ; she was enveloped in clouds of grey smoke and
disappeared. From the evidence of Captain Pelly, of " Tiger,"
who was in station astern, corroborated by Rear- Admiral Brock
in " Princess Royal " ahead, a salvo pitched abreast of Q turret,
and almost instantaneously there was a terrific upheaval and a
dense cloud of smoke through which " Tiger " passed barely
30 seconds afterwards. No sign could be seen of " Queen Mary."
Eighteen of her Officers and Men were subsequently picked up
by " Laurel."

15. At 4.38 p.m. " Southampton " reported the enemy's
Battle Fleet ahead. The Destroyers were recalled, and at 4.42 p.m .
the enemy's Battle Fleet was sighted S.E., Course was altered
16 points in succession to Starboard, and I proceeded on a
Northerly course to lead them towards the Grand Fleet. The
enemy Battle Cruisers altered course shortly afterwards, and
the action continued. " Southampton " with the 2nd Light
Cruiser Squadron held on to the Southward to observe. They
closed to within 13,000 yards of the enemy Battle Fleet and came
under a very heavy but ineffective fire. " Southampton's "
reports were most valuable. The 5th Battle Squadron were now
closing on an opposite course and engaging the enemy Battle
Cruisers with all guns. The position of the enemy Battle Fleef
was communicated to them, and I ordered them to alter course
16 points. Led by Rear- Admiral Hugh Evan-Thomas, M.V.O.,
in " Barham," this Squadron supported us briUiantly and
effectively.

16. At 4.57 p.m. the 5th Battle Squadron turned up astern
of me and came under the fire of the leading ships of the enemy
Battle Fleet. " Fearless " with the Destroyers of 1st Flotilla
joined the Battle Cruisers and, when speed admitted, took station
ahead. " Champion " with 13th Flotilla took station on the
5th Battle Squadron. At 5 p.m. the 1st and 3rd Light Cruiser
Squadrons, which had been following me on the Southerly course,
took station on my Starboard bow ; the 2nd Light Cruiser
Squadron took station on my Port quarter.

17. The weather conditions now became unfavourable, our
ships being silhouetted against a clear horizon to the Westward,
while the enemy were for the most part obscured by mist, only
showing up clearly at intervals. These conditions prevailed
until we had turned their van at about 6 p.m. Between
5 and 6 p.m. the action continued on a Northerly course, the

Ori'lCIAL DESPATCHES. 13")

range being about 14,000 yards. During this time the enemy
received very severe punishment, and undoubtedly one of their
Battle Cruisers quitted the hne in a considerably damaged
condition. This came under my personal observation, and was
corroborated by " Princess Royal " and " Tiger." Other enemy
ships also showed signs of increasing injury. At 5.5 p.m.
** Onslow " and " Moresby," who had been detached to assist
" Engadine " with the Seaplane, rejoined the Battle Cruiser
Squadrons and took station on the Starboard (engaged) bow
of "Lion." At 5.10 p.m. "Moresby," being 2 points before
the beam of the leading enemy ship at a range of 6,000 to 8,000
yards, fired a long-range torpedo at the 3rd in their hne. Eight
minutes later she observed a hit with a torpedo on what was
judged to be the 6th Ship in the hne. Later analysis of the
director setting indicated a probabihty of this result. " Moresby "
then passed between the hnes to clear the range of smoke, and
rejoined " Champion." In corroboration of this, " Fearless "
reports having seen an enemy heavy ship heavily on fire at about
5.10 p.m., and shortly afterwards a huge cloud of smoke and
steam similar to that which accompanied the blowing up of
" Queen Mary " and " Indefatigable."

18. At 5.35 p.m. our course was N.N.E. and the estimated
position of the Grand Fleet was N. 16 W., so we gradually hauled
to the North-Eastward, keeping the range of the enemy at
14,000 yards. He was gradually hauhng to the Eastward,
receiving severe punishment at the head of his line, and probably
acting on information received from his Light Cruisers which
had sighted and were engaged with the 3rd Battle Cruiser
Squadron {vide " Indomitable's " report). Possibly Zeppelins
were present also. At 5.50 p.m. British Cruisers were sighted
on the Port Bow, and at 5.56 p.m. the leading Battleships of
the Grand Fleet bearing North 5 miles. I thereupon altered
course to East and proceeded at utmost speed. This brought
the range of the enemy down to 12,000 yards. I made a visual
report to the Commander-in-Chief that the enemy Battle Cruisers
bore South-East. At this time only 3 of the enemy Battle
Cruisers were visible, closely followed by Battleships of the
" Konig " class.

19. At about 6.5 p.m. " Onslow," being on the engaged
bow of " Lion," sighted an enemy Light Cruiser at a distance
of 6,000 yards from us, apparently endeavouring to attack with
torpedoes. " Onslow " at once closed and engaged her, firing
58 rounds at a range of from 4,000 to 2,000 yards, scoring a number
of hits. " Onslow " then closed to within 8,000 yards of the
enemy Battle Cruisers and orders were given for all torpedoes
to be fired. At this moment she was struck amidships by a
heavy shell, with the result that only one torpedo was fired.
Thinking that all his torpedoes had gone, the Commanding
Officer proceeded to retire at slow speed. Being informed that
he still had three torpedoes, he closed the Light Cruiser pre-

136 BATTJ.K OK Jl ll-A.NJ* :

viously engaged and torpedoed her. The enemy's Battle Fleet
was then sighted at a distance of 8,000 yards, and the remaining
torpedoes were fired at them; having started correctly, they
must have crossed the enemy's track. Da)nage in her feed
tank then caused "' Onslow " to stop.

20. At *7.15 p.m. " Defender,"' whose speed had been reduced
to 10 knots, while on the disengaged side of the Battle Cruisers,
by a l2-in. shell which damaged her foremost boiler, but failed
to explode, closed ' Onslow " and took her in tow. Shell were
falling all round them during this operation, which, however,
was successfidly accomphshed. During the heavy weather of
the ensuing night the tow parted twice, but was re-secured.
The two struggled on together until 1 p.m., 1st June, when
" Onslow " was transferred to tugs. 1 consider the performance
of these two destroyers to be gallant in the extreme, and I am
recommending Lieut.-Commander J. C. Tovey of " Onslow "
and Lieut. -C'ommander Palmer of ' Defender " for special
recognition. " Onslow " was possibly the Destroyer referred to
by the Rear- Admiral Commanding the 3rd Light Cruiser Squadron
as follows : — " Here I should hke to bring to your notice the
action of a Destroyer (name unknown, thought to be marked
with the number ' 59 ' V Acasta " which we passed close in
a disabled condition soon after 6 p.m. .She apparently was
able to struggle ahead again and made straight for the " Derf-
tiinger " to attack her. The incident appeared so courageous
that it seems desirable to investigate it further, as I am unable
to be certain of the vessel's identity."

21. At 6.15 p.m. "Defence" and "Warrior" crossed oui-
bows from Port to Starboard, necessitating our hauling to
Port to clear. They were closely engaging an enemy Light
Cruiser, but immediately after clearing us they came under the
fire of enemy heavj'^ ships, and passed down between us and
the enemy on opposite courses.

22. At 6.20 p.m. the 3rd Battle Cruiser Squadron, consisting
of ** Invincible " (Captain A. L. Cav) flving the flag of Rear-
Admiral Hon. H. L. A. Hood, C.B., M.V'iO.. D.S.O., -Indomit-
able " (Captain F. W. Kennedy), and ' Inflexible " (Captain
E. H. F. Heaton-ElUs, M.V.O.) appeared ahead, steaming South
towards the enemy's van. I ordered them to take station
ahead, which was carried out magnificently, Rear- Admiral Hood
bringing his Squadron into action ahead in a most inspiring
manner, worthy of his great naval ancestors. At 6.25 p.m.
I altered course to the E.S.E. in support of the 3rd Battle Cruiser
Squadron, who were at this time only 8.000 yards from the
enemy's leading ship. They were pouring a hot fire into her
and caused her to turn to the Westward of South. At the same
time I made a visual report to the Commander-in-Chief of the
bearing and distance of the enemy Battle Fleet. At 6.33 p.m.
" Invincible " was struck by a complete .salvo about Q turret and
immediately blew up.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 137

23. After the loss of " Invincible," the iSquadron was led by
^' Inflexible " until (>.50 p.m. By this time the Battle Cruisers
were clear of our leading Battle ISquadron then bearing about
N.N.W. 3 miles, and I ordered the 3rd Battle Cruiser .Squadron
to prolong the line astern and reduced to 18 knots. The visibility
at this time was very indifferent, not more than 4 miles, and
the enemy shij^s w^ere temporaiily lost sight of. It is interesting
to note that after 6 p.m., although the visibihty became reduced,
it was undoubtedly more favourable to us than to the enemy.
At intervals their ships showed up clearly, enabling us to punish
them very severely, and establish a definite superiority over
them. The damage received by our ships during this period,
excepting the destruction of " Invincible," was shght. From
the reports of other ships and my own observation it was clear
that the enemy suffered severely, Battle C'ruisers and Battleships
ahke. The head of their line was crumpled ujd, leaving Battle-
ships as targets for the majority of our Battle Cruisers. Before
leaving us the 5th Battle Squadron were also engaging Battle-
ships. The report of Rear-Admiral Evan-Thomas shows that
excellent results were obtained, and it can be safely said that
his magnificent Squadron wrought great execution.

24. From the report of Rear-Admiral T. D. W. Napier, M.V.O.,
the 3rd Light Cruiser Squadi'on, which had maintained its station
on our Starboard bow well ahead of the enemy, at 6.25 p.m.
attacked with the torpedo at a range of 6,000 yards. " Falmouth"
and " Yarmouth " both fired torpedoes at the leading enemy
Battle Cruiser, and it is beheved that one torpedo hit, as a heavy
under-water explosion was observed. The 3rd Light Cruiser
Squadron then gallantly attacked the heavj^ ships with gun-fire,
with impunity to themselves, thereby demonstrating that the
fighting efficiency of the enemy had been seriously impaired.
Rear-Admiral Napier deserves great credit for his determined
and effective attack. " Indomitable " reports that about this
time one of the " Derffiinger " class fell out of the enemy's fine.

25. At 7.6 ]).m. I received a signal from the Commander-in-
Chief that the course of the Fleet was South. Subsequently
signals were received up to 8.46 p.m., shoAving that the course
of the Grand Fleet was to the South-Westward. Between
7 and 7.12 p.m. we hauled round gradually to S.W. bj^ S. to
regain touch with the enemy, and at 7.14 p.m. again sighted
them at a range of about 15,000 yards. The ships sighted
at this time were two Battle Cruisers and two Battleships,
apparently of the " Konig " class. No doubt more continued
the fine to the Northward, but that was all that could be seen.
The visibility having improved considerably as the sun descended
below the clouds, we re-engaged at 7.17 p.m. and increased
speed to 22 knots. At 7.32 p.m. my course was S.W., speed
18 knots, the leading enemy Battleship bearing N.W. by W.
Again after a very short time the enemy showed signs of
punishment, one ship being on fire while another appeared to

138 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

(Irop right astern. The Destroyers at the head of the enemy's
line emitted volumes of grey smoke, covering their capital ships
as with a pall, under cover of which they undoubtedly turned
away, and at 7.45 p.m. we lost sight of them.

26. At 7.58 p.m. I ordei'ed the 1st and 3rd Light Cruiser
.Squadrons to sweep to the Westward and locate the head of the
enemy's line, and at 8.20 p.m. we altered course to West in
support. We soon located twO Battle Cruisers and Battleships,
and were heavily engaged at a short range of about 10,000 yards.
The leading ship was hit repeatedly by " Lion " and turned
away 8 points, emitting very high flames and with a heavy hst
to Port. " Princess Royal " set fire to a 3-funnelled Battleship ;
" New Zealand " and " Indomitable " report that the 3rd Ship,
which they both engaged, hauled out of the line heeUng over
and on fire. The mist which now came down enveloped them,
and " Falmouth " reported they were last seen at 8.38 p.m.
steaming to the Westward.

27. At 8.40 p.m. all our Battle Cruisers felt a heavy shock
as if struck by a mine or torpedo, or possibly sunken wreckage.
As, however, examination of the bottoms reveals no sign of
such an occurrence, it is assumed that it indicated the blowing
up of a great vessel. This seems a very probable explanation
in view of the condition in wliich the enemy was last seen.

28. I continued on a South -Westerly course with my Light
Cruisers spread until 9.24 p.m. Nothing further being sighted,
I assumed that the enemy were to the North- Westward, and
that we had estabUshed ourselves well between him and his
base. " Mnotaur " w^as at this time bearing North 5 miles,
and I asked her the position of the leading Battle Squadron of
the Grand Fleet. Her reply was that it was not in sight, but
was last seen bearing N.N.E. 5 miles at 8.10 p.m. My position,
course, and speed had been made to the Commander-in-Chief at
7.30, 8.40, and 9 p.m., the latter signal giving the bearing of
the enemy as N. by W., steering S.W. by S., which as near as
could be judged was correct. At 9.16 p.m. I received a signal
from the Commander-in-Chief that the course of the Fleet was
South.

29. In view of the gathering darkness and for other reasons,
viz. : (a) Our distance from the Battle Fleet; (6) The damaged
condition of the Battle Ci'uisers; (c) The enemy being concen-
trated; (d) The enemy being accompanied by numerous
Destroyers; (e) Our strategical position being such as to make
it appear certain that we should locate the enemy at daylight
under most favourable circumstances, I did not consider it
desirable or proper to close the enemy Battle Fleet during the
dark hours. I therefore concluded that I should be carrying
out the Commander-in-Chief's wishes by turning to the course
of the Fleet, reporting to the Commander-in-Chief that I had
done so.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 139

30. My duty in this situation was to ensure that the enemy
Fleet could not regain its base by passing round the Southern
flank of our forces. I therefore turned to South at 9.24 p.m.
at 17 knots, and continued this course until 2.30 a.m., with the
1st and 3rd Light Cruiser Squadrons spread to the Southward
and Westward. My intention was to ask permission to sweep
S.W. at dayhght, but on receiving a signal that the Commander-
in-Chief was turning to North, and ordering me to conform and
close, I proceeded accordingly, and rejoined the Commander-in-
Chief at 5.20 a.m.

31. The movements of the Light Cruiser Squadrons and
Flotillas are described in detail in their own reports. " Champion"
and most of the 13th Flotilla were in visual touch after the
Destroyer attack on the enemy hne at 4.40 p.m. on 31st Ma}^
but they became detached later and stationed themselves at
the rear of the Battle Fleet for the night. At 0.30 a.m. on
1st June a large vessel crossed the rear of the Flotilla at high
speed. She passed close to " Petard " and " Turbulent,"
SAvitched on searchlights and opened a heavy fire which severely
damaged " Petard " and disabled " Turbulent." At 3.30 a.m.
" Champion " was engaged for a few minutes with 4 enemy
destroyers. " Moresby " reports 4 ships of " Deutschland "
class sighted at 2.35 a.m., at whom she fired one torpedo. Two
minutes later an exi:)losion was felt by " Moresby " and
" Obdurate." On investigation I find the " Moresby " was in
station with " Obdurate " astern of " Champion." Some of the
strange vessels were sighted by " Champion " and " Obdurate,"
who took them to be some of our own Light Cruisers. This was
impossible, and it is very much to be regretted that '"Champion "
did not take steps to identify them. If, as was probable, they
were the enemy, an excellent opportunity was missed for an
attack in the early morning light. More important still, a
portion of the enemy might have been definitely located.

32. " Fearless " and the 1st Flotilla were very usefully
employed as a submarine screen during the earHer part of the
3 1st May, but their limited speed made it almost impossible for
them to regain their proper stations when the Battle Cruisers
altered course. At 6.10 p.m. when joining the Battle Fleet,
" Fearless " was unable to follow the Battle Cruisers without
fouhng the Battleships, so turned 32 points and took station
at the rear of the hne. She sighted during the night a Battleship
of the " Kaiser " class steaming fast and entirely alone. She
was not able to engage her, but believes she was attacked by
destroyers further astern. A heavy explosion was observed
astern not long after. The incident could be identified by the
fact that this ship fired a star shell. By midday on 1st June
all the 1st Flotilla were getting short of fuel and had to be
detached in pairs to make their base at 15 knots.

33. The 1st and 3rd Light Cruiser Squadrons were almost
continuously in touch with the Battle Cruisers, one or both

14(J BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

Squatlrons being usually ahead. They were most valuable as
a submarine screen when no destroyers were present; they
very effectively protected the head of our line from Torpedo
attack by Light Cruisers or Destroyers, and were prompt in
helping to regain touch w^hen the enemy's line was temporarily
lost sight of. The 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron was at the rear
of our Battle line during the night, and at 9 p.m. assisted to
repel a Destroyer attack on the 5th Battle Squadron. They
were also heavily engaged at 10.20 p.m. with 5 enemy Cruisers oi-
Light (bruisers, " Southampton " and " Dublin " suffering severe
casualties during an action lasting about 15 minutes. " Birming-
ham," at 11.30 p.m., sighted 2 or more heavy ships steering
South. A report of this was received by me at 11.40 p.m. as
steering W.S.W. They were thought at the time to be Battle
Cruisers, but it is since considered that they Mere probably
Battleships.

34. The work of " Engadine '" ajjpears to have been most
praiseworthy throughout, and of great value. Lieut. -Commander
C. G. Robinson deserves great credit for the skilful and seamanUke
manner in Avhich he handled his shi]). He actually towed
" Warrior "' for 75 miles between 8.40 p.m., 31.st May, and
7.15 a.m., 1st June, and was instrumental in saving the lives of
her Ship's Company.

35. I have not referred to " Chester " as she did not come
under my personal command or observation. Her report show^s
that she fought gallantly and successfully against superior forces
and suffered considerably in casualties and damage.

36. It is impossible to give a definite statement of the losses
inflicted on the enemy. The visibihty was for the most part
low and fluctuating, and caution forbade me to close the range
too much Avith mj^ inferior force.

A review' of all the reports which 1 have received, however,
leads me to form the following estimate of the enemy's losses
during the course of the operations described in this report : —

3 Battle Cruisers,

2 Battlesliips (" Konig " or " Kaiser " class)

1 " Pommern " class, ^Sunk.

2 Light Cruisers,

3 Destroyers. ]

2 Battle Cruisers, "1 Severely

Several Light Cruisers and Destroyers, J damaged.

This is eloquent testimony to the very high standard of
Gunnery and Torpedo efficiency of His Majesty's Ships. The
Control and drill remained undisturbed throughout, in many
cases despite heavy damage to material and personnel. Our
superiority over the enemy in this respect was very marked,
their efficiency becoming rapidly reduced under punishment,
while ours Avas maintained throughout.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 141

37. As was to be expected, the behaviour of the .Shi})s'
Companies under the terrible conditions of a modern sea battle
was magnificent without exception. The strain on their moral
was a severe test of disciphne and training. Officers and men
were imbued with one thought, the desire to defeat the eneun .
The fortitude of the wounded was admirable. A report from
the Commanding Officer of " Chester " gives a splendid instance
of devotion to duty. Boy, 1st Class, John Travers Cornwell,
of " Chester " was mortally wounded early in the action. He
nevertheless remained standing alone at a most exposed post,
quietly aAvaiting orders till the end of the action, with the gun's
crew dead and wounded all round him. His age was under
16| years. I regret that he has since died, but I recommend his
case for special recognition in justice to his memory, and as an
acknowledgment of the high example set by him.

Our casualties were very heavy, and T wish to express my
deepest regret at the loss of so many gallant comrades, Officers,
and Men. They died gloriously.

38. Exceptional skill was displayed by the Medical Officers
of the Fleet. They performed operations and tended the
wounded under conditions of extreme difficulty. In some cases
their staff was seriously depleted by casualties, and the inevitable
lack of such essentials as adequate Ught, hot water, &c., in
ships battered by shell fire, tried their skill, resource, and physical
endurance to the utmost.

39. As usual, the Engine Room Departments of all ships
displayed the highest quahties of technical skill, disciphne, and
endurance. High speed is a primary factor in the tactics of the
Squadrons under my command, and the Engine Room Depart-
ments never fail.

40. I have already made mention of the brilliant support
afforded me by Rear-Admiral H. Evan-Thomas, M.V.O., and
the 5th Battle Squadron, and of the magnificent manner in
which Rear-Admiral Hon. H. L. A. Hood, C.B., M.V.O., D.S.O.,
brought his Squadron into action. I desire to record my great
regret at his loss, which is a national misfortune. I would now
bring to your notice the able support rendered to me by Rear-
Admiral W. C. Pakenham, C.B., and Rear-Admiral O. de B.
Brock, C.B. In the course of my report I have expressed my
appreciation of the good work performed by the Light Cruiser
Squadrons under the command respectively of Rear-Admiral
T. D. W. Napier, M.V.O., Commodore W. E. Goodenough,
M.V.O., and Commodore E. S. Alexander-Sinclair, M.V.O.
On every occasion these Officers anticipated my wishes and used
their forces to the best possible effect.

41. I desire also to bring to your notice the skill mth which
their respective ships were handled by Captains F. W. Kennedy
(" Indomitable "), who commanded the 3rd Battle Craiser

142 BATTLE OF JUTLAND:

Squadron after the loss of Rear-Admiral Hood, C. F. Sowerby
("Indefatigable"), H. B. Pelly, M.V.O. ("Tiger"), J. F. E.
Green ("New Zealand"), W. H. Cowan, M.V.O. , D.S.O.
(" Princess Royal "), C. I. Prowse (" Queen Mary "), A. L. Cay
(" Invincible "), E. H. F. Heaton-Ellis, M.V.O. (" Inflexible "),
(\ B. Miller ("Nottingham"), A. E. M. Chatfield, C.V.O.
(" Lion "), on whom lay special responsibility as commanding
my Flagship, J. D. Edwards (" Falmouth "), A. A. M. Duff
(" Birmingham "), E. Reeves (" Birkenhead "), W. F. Blunt
("Gloucester"), T. D. Pratt ("Yarmouth"), A. C. Scott
(" Dubhn "), B. S. Thesiger (" Inconstant "), R. N. Lawson
(" Chester "), J. U. Farie (" Champion "), (Captain D, 13th
Flotilla), J. E. Cameron, M.V.O. (" Phaeton "), T. P. H. Beamish
(" Cordelia "), and C. D. Roper (" Fearless "), (Captain D,
Ist^Flotilla). With such Flag Officers, Commodores and Captains
to support me, my task was made easier. The Destroyers of
the 1st and 13th Flotillas were handled by their respective
Commanding Officers with skill, dash and courage. I desire to
record my very great regret at the loss of Captains C. F. Sowerby
(" Indefatigable "), C. I. Prowse (" Queen Mary "), and A. L. Cay
(" Invincible "), all Officers of the highest attainments who can
be ill-spared at this time of stress.

42. I wish to endorse the report of the Rear-Admiral
Commanding the 5th Battle Squadron as to the abiUty displayed
by Captains E. M. Phillpotts (" Warspite "), M. Woollcombe
(" Valiant "). Hon. A. D. E. H. Boyle (" Malaya "), and A. W.
Craig (" Barham ").

43. In conclusion, I desire to record and bring to j^our notice
the great assistance that I received on a day of great anxiety
and strain from my Chief of the Staff, Captain R. W. Bentinck,
whose good judgment was of the greatest help. He was a tower
of strength. My Flag Commander, Hon. R. A. R. Plunkett,
was most valuable in observing the effect of our fire, thereby
enabUng me to take advantage of the enemy's discomfiture,
my Secretary, F. T. Spickernell, who made accurate notes of
events as they occurred, which proved of the utmost value in
keeping the situation clearly before me ; my Flag Lieutenant,
Commander R. F. Seymour, who maintained efficient communi-
cations under the most difficult circumstances despite the fact
that his signalling appUances were continually shot away. All
these Officers carried out their duties with great coolness on
the manoeuvring platform, where they were fully exposed to
the enemy's fire.

44. In accordance with your wishes, I am forwarding in
a separate letter a full list of Officers and Men whom I wish to
recommend to your notice.

45. I enclose the reports rendered to me by Flag Officers
Commodores and Commanding Officers regarding their proceedings

Plat^ 9.

DIAGRAMS SHOWING PHASES 31.5.16.

Diaqrama are not to Scale . Margin of paper is approximately N. (Mag).

I Enemy
V B.S.\ T 3.Cs

r.0

B.C.^

4-.0 p.m.

V B.S.'

^<s>.

'oo

,00^

B.Cs {J

4:4-0

J^HSf:

B.C's.

V.B.S. I
B.C's. A

f8,£00

~00

VB.S^

\8P

\ H.s.r.

f H.s.rr

4-.50

5.30

G.r.

M B.Cs
B.C's \

G.F.

VB.S.
Warspite

^Battleships.

B.Cs.

6.23

VB.S.

iff

B.Cs

B.S. >*

B.Cs.

6.30

HTB.Ss.

/op 72.£f4-2ffe If! 173 [l6\ SOOO . 12. ZO.

MaJbviions Lilli.

Plate 10.

T Magnetic North

Fa I m. fired
6 50 2 torpedoes

6-2(1 B.Cs.
I

In flex.
Indom. took
4^ station
astern

TOO

TRACK OF B.C.F H-O P.M. to rx:-24 P.M. 31/5/16

Dfrted

Falm. fired

6 SO 2 torpedoes

_ X <i/ 3^^ BtS at £nemy

Q, X 6 20 S.Cs

Inflex.
Indom. took
e-4S stslion
astern

igaged German TBDS.

Q n B.S.

tr' 80S

Track oP
Track of
Track of
Track of

B.C's in Red
L C's in Green
B.F. in Black
Enemy in Brown

^^i-^^CU^

PlwUll.

For movements during battle
see large scale

9 24 PM.
3t?t

Stit/thama(oit e\
eiK/nyz crJiTj \
tt-M rbrgf..

[lO.ZO.PM

PlcUeU.

For iDOvements during battle
see large scale

9 24 PM
31 ?t

SoiKhtma(/>i f.\

[ 10.20. P.M

TRACING FROM CHART F. 071.
SHOWING TRACK OF B.C.F.

924 P.M. 31V MAY TO 1-30 P.M. I ''^ JUNE.

Note ■- Small circles mth arrc ws
show position & course of
squadrons at time stated.

r'""'<K

Q' II 37PM.Chtinp<on hears
* heavy firing b^. tf!

qh^UsighiMd 3 Cnemy B.Cs.

■ Q j\orBMttlesh;fubg.NHC. / ia2S,AU Champion

^,^^3 Z5AH(Champicr. engages
^^ \ 3 Enemy T.B Ds 3000yd

Horn Rf^

]IOAM {Dublin siqhted
SEl'CoS

O Seydlitz/AM.Junei?^
*l {Neofsptper report)
Cooanhmasn S^r/£.

.U'^^f-^^.-^/^'t^a'^:^^

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 143

during the period under review. A sheet of diagrams is attached ;i
a track chart has already been forwarded. ^

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

DAVID BEATTY,
Commander-in-Chief, Vice- Admiral.

Grand Fleet.

Note. — On 17th July 1916 a Plan of Battle, prepared from all
available data, was forwarded by Vice-Admiral Beatty to the
Commander-in-Chief Grand Fleet. See Plate 8a.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT, H.M.S. 'LION."

Enclosure No. 1 to Battle Cruiser Fleet. Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.

No. 115.

H.M.S. "Lion."
Sir, 4th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report that on 31st May 1916,
H.M. Ship under my command, flying your flag, was in action
with the enemy under the follomng circumstances.

At 3.25 p.m., G.M.T., enemy ships were reported on the
starboard bow, bearing E. by N.

At 3.30 p.m., enemy ships were in sight from " Lion " and
a range of 23,000 yards obtained.

At 3.44 p.m., the enemy, who were rapidly closing, were
identified as -5 German Battle Cruisers.

2. Enemy opened fire at 3.47 p.m., " Lion " replying half
a minute later, the range being 18,500, course E.S.E.

'■ Lion " was twice hit by heavy shell at 3.51 ]).m. At
4.0 p.m. a shell disabled " Q " turret, and shortly afterwards
" Indefatigable " was seen to be blown up, evidently by a
magazine explosion.

3. At 4.2 p.m. the range was 14,600 and as the enemy appeared
to have our range, course was altered on 2 or 3 occasions 1 point
to throw him out.

The enemy appeared to be hit several times by our shell.
" Lion " was firing at the leading sliip, which was either
" Lutzow " or " Derfflinger."

4. At 4.12 p.m. our course was S.S.E. and range 21,000
and course was altered to S.E. to close the enemy.

At this period more than one enemy ship was firing at " Lion "
and she was liit several times, but no important damage was

1 Plate 9. 2 iQ^ in two portions, see Plates 10 and 11.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 143

during the period under review. A sheet of diagrams is attached }
a track chart has already been forwarded. ^

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

DAVID BEATTY,
Commander-in-Chief, Vice-Admiral.

Grand Fleet.

Note. — On 17th July 1916 a Plan of Battle, prepared from all
available data, was forwarded by Vice-Admiral Beatty to the
Commander-in-Chief Grand Fleet. See Plate 8a.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT, H.M.S. "LION."

Enclosure No. 1 to Battle Cruiser Fleet. Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.

No. 115.

H.M.S. "Lion."
Sir, 4th June 1916.

1 HAVE the honour to report that on 31st May 1916,
H.M. Ship under my command, flying your flag, was in action
with, the enemy under the following circumstances.

At 3.25 p.m., G.M.T., enemy ships were reported on the
starboard bow, bearing E. by N.

At 3.30 p.m., enemy ships were in sight from " Lion " and
a range of 23,000 yards obtained.

At 3.44 p.m., the enemy, who were rapidly closing, were
identified as -5 German Battle Cruisers.

2. Enemy opened fire at 3.47 p.m., " Lion " rep]3dng half
a minute later, the range being 18,500, course E.S.E.

" Lion " was twice hit by heavy sheU at 3.51 ]).m. At
4.0 p.m. a shell disabled " Q " turret, and shortly afterwards
" Indefatigable " was seen to be blown up, evidently by a
magazine explosion.

3. At 4.2 p.m. the range was 14,600 and as the enemy appeared
to have our range, course was altered on 2 or 3 occasions 1 point
to throw him out.

The enemy appeared to be hit several times by our shell.
" Lion " was firing at the leading sliip, which was either
" Lutzow " or " Derfflinger."

4. At 4.12 p.m. our course was S.S.E. and range 21,000
and course was altered to S.E. to close the enemy.

At this period more than one enemy ship was firing at " Lion "
and she was liit several times, but no important damage was

^ Plate 9. 2 ,; g ^ [j^ ^^q portions, see Plates 10 and 11.

144 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

done thougli several fires were started, and there was a large
number of killed and wounded, chiefly from a shell that exploded
on the Mess Deck in the Canteen Flat.

5. At 4.26 p.m. a very great explosion was seen in the " Queen
Mary " and she entirely disappeared.

6. At 4.38 p.m. the enemy Battle Fleet was sighted ahead,
and course was altered 16 points to North, enemy Battle
Cruisers responding so as to take station ahead of their Battle
Fleet.

7. " Lion " reopened fire at 4.38 p.m. re-engaging enemy
leading ship (" Von Der Tann " ?) shortly after we passed
wreckage of " Queen Mary," with survivors in water and a
destroyer.

The ship was now liit several times, the range being 1 5,000
yards. The ship had fires in several places, including a cordite
case in the starboard 4-in. battery, which I ordered the 4-in.
crews to extinguish, but this could not immediately be done
owing to their extent and to the pressure on the fire mains being
lost from perforations. All fires were eventually got under.

8. About this time, a fire which had been smouldering in
" Q " turret ignited the charges still in the trunks : this killed
all the Magazine and Shell Room parties and reached to the
Mess Deck, where it burnt some of the Ship's Company. The
Magazine doors being shut, however, saved a more serious
explosion.

A fire was also reported in " X " Magazine, but this proved
to be an error due to smoke penetrating down from a heavy
shell burst in the Sick Bay, which killed a large number of men
in the vicinity.

9. At 5.1 p.m. fire was shifted to '' Liitzow " class again,
range 15,000 yards. " Lion " was hit twice by big shell, one
of which wrecked the ship's galley compartment.

At 5.12 p.m. " Lion " ceased fire owing to the enemy being
obscured, and did not reopen until 5.41 p.m. The visibifity
at this time Avas decreasing, and when fire was reopened on
a ship that appeared to be of the " Konig " class Battlesliip,
the range was 14,000 yards, the enemy being just visible.

Ship's course was now N.E. by N.

10. At 5.46 j).m. the range was 14,000 yards and the enemy
was observed to be hit by two salvoes, causing him to alter
course to starboard and to cease fire.

11. At 5.56 p.m. the Battlefleet was in sight on the port
bow. Altered course to N.E. by E., and at 6.4 p.m. to East,
the enemy Battle Cruisers bearing S.E.

12. " Defence " and " Warrior " now crossed " Lion's " bow
and were engaging a Light German Cruiser, who was seriously
injured by them. This caused " Lion " to cease fire and to
lose touch with the enemy.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 145

13. At 6.21 p.m. the Tliird Battle Cruiser Squadron was
sighted, and took station ahead, and " Lion " reopened at
distant ships on the starboard beam (" Konig " class ?).

At 6,29 p.m. course was E. by S. and at 6.32 p.m. enemy
heavy ships again came into view and opened fire on the 3rd
B.C.S. At 6.36 p.m. " Invincible " blew np.

14. Course was continued to be altered to starboard to close
the enem3% and at 6.37 p.m. was altered to E.S.E. ; at 6.44 to
S.E., and 6.48 p.m. to S.S.E.

At 6.53 p.m. speed was reduced to 18 knots to keep station
on the Battlefleet, who were leading away to port owing to a
Destroyer attack.

" Lion " continued to engage the leading ship of enemy.,
occasionally ceasing fire when he became invisible.

Very few liits were made on the ship subsequent to this,
the enemy's fire appreciably slackening.

15. The ship continued to circle to starboard.

At 7.3 p.m. our course was altered to S.S.E. , and at
7.6 p.m. to South; at 7.9 p.m. to S.S.W. and at 7.11 p.m. to
S.W. by S.

16. Fire Avas reopened on the leading ship of the enemy
at 15,000 yards at 7.15 p.m., and speed was increased to
22 knots; at 7.25 p.m. to 24 knots.

At 7.19 p.m. the enemy's leading Destroyers made a heavy
screen of black smoke to protect their ships from our gunfire.

At 7.32 p.m. course was S.W., and 7.50 p.m. W.S.W. The
enemy was still not sufficiently visible to open fire, and this
continued until 8.21 p.m., when the flashes of his guns were
again seen on our starboard beam.

At 8.23 p.m. " Lion " opened fire with rapid salvoes on his
leading ship, either " Liitzow " or " Konig " class. Our shooting
appeared to be very effective, and the enemy appeared on fire
at 8.27 p.m.

17. The enem}' now turned away more to starboard, and
the light was failing.

•' Lion " ceased fire at 8.30 p.m., our course then being
N. 35° W.

18. At 8.40 p.m., a heavy bump was felt on the starboard
side. This appeared to me like a heavy hit on the water-line
but this was not the case, and it has not yet been ascertained
what was the cause. It is possible " Lion " may have run over
a sunken ship, and divers are examining her bottom.

Shortly afterwards, "Indomitable" hauled out of line and
reported she had been torpedoed, Avhich she subsequently
negatived, which seems to imply that she had the same experience
as " Lion."

19. The enemy was not sighted again.

Damage : —

20. The damage to the ship is not serious, except that
** Q " turret is wrecked, but is repairable.

C 12872 ^

146 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

The ship was hit altogether 12 times by enemy heavy shell,
but the damage, which I have already reported to you separately,
docs not seriously affect our sea-worthiness or fighting efficiency,
and the ship is now ready for sea.

Conduct of Officers and Men .—

21. The conduct of the Officers and Ship's Company was
in every detail magnificent.

The ship has been in commission for so long, and the men
are so highly trained, and have such a fine spirit, that even in
action they can do almost anything without their officers.

The unnerving sights that occurred, with the heavy casualties
which amounted to 95 killed and 49 wounded, mostly in the
first two hours of the action, were a tremendous strain on the
strongest discipline, yet there was never the least sign of
wavering in the least degree from their duty.

On visiting the Mess Deck twice during the action while
the ship was temporarily disengaged, I observed nothing but
cheerful determination, zeal to succour the wounded, and
thoughtfulness for the good safety of the ship to keep her
efficient.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

A. E. M. CHATFIELD.
The Vice-Admiral Commanding Captain.

Battle Cruiser Fleet.

REAR-ADMIRAL'S REPORT.— 1st BATTLE CRUISER

SQUADRON.

Enclosure No. 2 to Battle Cruiser Fleet Letter No. B.C.F. 01 of

12/6/16.
No. Oil.

" Princess Royal,"
.Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I BEG to forward a narrative of events of the engagement
of 31st May; the times given and the sequence are approximate
only. A track chart is also attached.^ The First Battle Cruiser
Squadron followed the " Lion " during the engagement and
conformed to her movements.

2. During the greater part of the engagement the conditions
of hght were most unfavourable, the German Fleet were

^ Part omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,.
&c., in no way bearing on the course of the action.
2 Plate 12.'

Plaie 12.

4 6° 10' 10' 30' 4-0' 50' 7"

10 —

57"

50--

40 -

30-

6 23

—to

-57'

-50

_40'

-30'

Malbv ASoos.Utli

to' 10 30' *0 SO

_l I I I L_

lo' 10' 30 40' SO'
_l I I I L_

10' 10 30

4-0 SO'

_J L_

PRINCESS ROYAL

Mftlh*- ASc"s.'-iih

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 147

partially obscured by mist which made spotting very difficult,
whereas our own Hne were showing up against a clear horizon.

3. The " Queen Mary " was hit by a plunging salvo near
" Q " turret which apparently penetrated the armoured deck
and ignited the magazine. A bright flame was observed to shoot
up as she was hit, followed almost immediately by a mass of
cordite smoke in which the ship disappeared. I deeply regret
the loss of Captain Prowse and an exceptionally fine company
of Officers and men.

4. Further reports on the damage sustained, lists of killed
and wounded will be forwarded.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
O. DE B. BROCK,
The Vice-Admiral Commanding Bear- Admiral.

Battle Cruiser Fleet.

NOTES ON ACTION— 31st MAY 1916.

The first news of the enemy being in the vicinity was a report
from the Commodore Commanding First Light Cruiser Squadron,
at 2.25 p.m., who reported two Cruisers. He then reported
a large amount of smoke, bearing E.S.E., at 2.40 p.m., and at
3.0 p.m. " Galatea " further reported that the smoke appeared
to be from 7 vessels, besides Destroyers and Cruisers, and that
they had turned to the Northward. Fleet then altered course,
leading ships together, remainder in succession, to S.E.
At 2.59. Altered course to East.

At 3.10. Altered course to N.E., speed increased to 23 knots.
At 3.16. " Galatea " reported that enemy had altered course

to N.W., his own course being N.N.W.
At 3.23. " Princess Royal " called attention to E. by N., from

which direction Enemy were first sighted.
At 3.26. Ships were ordered to action stations, and at 3.30

speed increased to 26 knots.
At 3.42. The Vice-Admiral Commanding, Battle Cruiser Fleet,

reported the enemy to the Commander-in-Chief.
At 3.45. Battle Cruisers were formed on a compass line of

bearing N.W., and S.O., 1st L.C.S., reported he was

leading enemy to the N.W.
At 3.45. Concentration of fire signal was made : " Leading pair

engage right-hand ship of enemy."
At 3.50. Enemy opened fire and missed over, which was returned

by the Battle Cruisers at 3.51 p.m.
The action then became general, the enemy rate of fire

being greater than ours due to the conditions of

light and wind. " Lion " was hit at 3.55 p.m. and

" Princess Royal " at 3.56, putting main control out

of action. Enemy fire then became short, spread

K 2

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 147

partially obscured by mist which made spotting very difficult,
whereas our own line were shoeing up against a clear horizon.

4. Further reports on the damage sustained, hsts of killed
and wounded will be forwarded.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
O. KE B. BROCK,
The Vice-Admiral Commanding Rear- Admiral.

Battle Cruiser Fleet.

NOTES ON ACTION— 31ST MAY 1916.

At 3.10. Altered course to N.E., speed increased to 23 knots.
At 3.16. " Galatea " reported that enemy had altered course

to N.W., his own course being N.N.W.
At 3.23. " Princess Royal " called attention to E. by N., from

which direction Enemy were first sighted.
At 3.26. Ships were ordered to action stations, and at 3.30

speed increased to 26 knots.
At 3.42. The Vice-Admiral Commanding, Battle Cruiser Fleet,

reported the enemy to the Commander-in-Chief.
At 3.45. Battle Cruisers were formed on a compass fine of

bearing N.W., and S.O., 1st L.C.S., reported he was

leading enemy to the N.W.
At 3.45. Concentration of fire signal was made : " Leading pair

engage right-hand ship of enemy."
At 3.50. Enemy opened fire and missed over, which was returned

by the Battle Cruisers at 3.51 p.m.
The action then became general, the enemy rate of fire

being greater than ours due to the conditions of

fight and wind. " Lion " was hit at 3.55 p.m. and

" Princess Royal " at 3.56, putting main control out

of action. Enemy fire then became short, spread

K 2

At 4.11.

At 4.16.

At 4.21.

At 4.23.

At 4.27.

At 4.40.

14S BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

of salvoes being very small, and error for direction
practically nil.
At 3.59. Hits were observed on enemy No. 3 in line. Spotting
became difficult owing to smoke from Destroyers.
Torpedo missed " Princess Royal."
Argo Tower was repaired and ship fired with main

control again.
A heavy explosion occurred in " Queen Mary," and

ship sank immediately.
The leading ship of enemy was hit.
And again at 4.32 " Princess Royal " was hit.
Our Destroyers attacked Enemy's Destroyers, who
appeared to be getting into a position for attacking
the Battle Cruisers.
At 4.40. Altered course 16 points to Starboard and reopened

fire at 4.50 p.m.
At 5. 0. Passed an " L " class Destroyer picking up survivors
from " Queen Mary."
Shortly afterwards, about 4.45 p.m., 5th Battle
Squadron came down on an opposite course and
were ordered by " Lion " to turn 16 points by Com-
pass Pendant. They were then heavilj^ engaged by
the Battle Cruisers and a Division of the Enemy
Battle Fleet. After about ^ of an hour, " Warspite "
hauled out of line.
At 5.35. Course was altered to N.N.E., and at 5.40 p.m. fire
was reopened at which time leading divisions of
our Battlefieet were sighted on the port beam.
Armoured Cruisers and Light Cruisers and Destroyers
were close to, taking station for deployment. The
Third Battle Cruiser Squadron came into action
ahead of the " Lion," and apparently the " Invinc-
ible " was shortly afterwards hit, as her wreck was
noticed with the stern and bow standing out of the
water. About this time a torpedo was noticed to
pass under the ship from port to starboard from
the direction of our oAvn Fleet.
At 6. 5. The First Cruiser Squadron was apparently engaging
a Light Cruiser, and stood out across the " Lion's "
bows, necessitating an alteration of course of Battle
Cruisers to port.
" Onslow " then approached the light cruiser at full
speed and apparently fired a torpedo, but was
driven off and hit by enemy's heavy ships.
Leading Battle Cruisers' fire was then masked by
First Cruiser Squadron Avho were very heavily
engaged by the enemy. Enem}' appeared to be
firing shrapnel at times.
This movement of the First Cruiser Squadron appeared
to cause a division of the enemy's Battlefieet who

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 149

had been directing their fire on the Battle Cruisers

to concentrate on the First Cruiser Squadron.
At 6.22. Destroyer was hit near after funnel by an over.

What appeared to be an over at First Cruiser Squadron

put " Princess Royal's " " X " turret out of action.
At tliis time the leading four enemy battleships

appeared to concentrate on " Lion " and " Princess

Royal."
At 6.40. A torpedo passed " Princess Royal " from starboard

to port.
At 7.15. Enemy ship on fire, and remainder of enemy Battle

Cruisers apparently had enough, making a very

successful smoke screen. Ceased fire.
At 7.28. Enemy's Destroyers appeared to be launching an

attack, and were driven off by Battle Fleet.
At 8.26. Enemy opened fire, " Princess Royal " engaged what

appeared to be a 3-funnelled Battleship. Hits were

undoubtedly obtained and fire observed.
About 8.32 " Lion " and " Princess Royal " were

again hit.
At 8.32. " Princess Royal " fired a torpedo.
At 8.40. Ship gave two very distinct shudders, which were at

first thought to be a torpedo. This was afterwards

ascertained to be incorrect.

Three-funnelled Battleship had three bands round after
funnel.

What appeared to be " Hindenburg " had two massive
funnels, wide apart and painted duU red.

Enclosure No. 3 to Battle Cruiser Fleet Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.

REPORT OF LOSS OF "QUEEN MARY" IN ACTION
ON 31ST MAY 1916.
No. Oil.

II.
Vice-Admiral Commanding
Battle Cruiser Fleet,
The attached report from Midshipman J. L. Storey, R.N,,
the senior uninjured survivor from H.M.S. " Queen Mary," is
submitted for information.

" Princess Royal," 0. de B. BROCK,

3rd June 1916. Rear- Admiral.

H.M.S. " Crescent,"
Sm, 3rd June 1916.

I DEEPLY regret to report that H.M.S. " Queen Mary,"
commanded by Captain C. I. Prowse, R.N., was completely

ISO BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

destroyed when in action with the German Fleet at 5.25 p.m.
on Wednesday, the 31st May.

The total number of Officers and men saved was 18.

1 :|c :|e « 9|c 4i

The circumstances of the loss of the Ship are, as far as I know,
as follows : —

At 4.20 p.m. the " Queen Mary " was third ship in the line
of the 1st B.C.S., and action was sounded, and at 4.45 the order
was given " load all guns." At 4.53 fire was opened on the third
ship of the enemy's line, the range being about 17,000 yards.

The fire was maintained with great rapidity till 5.20, and
during this time we were only slightly damaged by the enemy's
fire. At 5.20 a big shell hit " Q " Turret and put the right gun
out of action, but the left gun continued firing. At 5.24 a
terrific explosion took place which smashed up " Q " Turret and
started a big fire in working chamber and the Gun House was
filled with smoke and gas. The Officer on the Turret, Lieutenant
Commander Street, gave the order to evacuate the Turret.
All the un wounded in the Gun House got clear and, as they did
so, another terrific explosion took place and all were thrown
into the water. On coming to the surface nothing was visible
except wreckage, but thirty persons appeared to be floating in
the water.

At 5.55, H.M.S. " Laurel " saw the survivors in the water
and lowered a whaler and rescued seventeen. When this number
had been picked up, H.M.S. " Laurel " received orders to proceed
at full speed, being in grave danger of the enemy's ships.

All Officers and men were treated with the greatest kindness
by the Officers and men of H.M.S. " Laurel," and were landed
at Rosyth at about 8 p.m., 1st June.^

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

J. L. STOREY,

Midshipman, R.N.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT.— H.M.S. " PRINCESS ROYAL."

Enclosure No. 4 to Battle Cruiser Fleet Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.
No. 1/125.

H.M.S. " Princess Royal,"
Sir, 8th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report that " Princess Royal,"
fljdng your Flag, was in company with " Lion," First and Second

^ Part omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

2 It will be noted that the above times are " Summer time " and
not G.M.T.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 151

Battle Cruiser Squadrons, less " Australia," on the afternoon
of the 31st May, when the Enemy's Fleet was sighted bearing
N.E., our position being Lat. 56" 51 N., Long. 5° 16 E., and course
N.E. Fire was opened by the enemy at 3.46 p.m. and imme-
diately returned by us, " Lion " and " Princess Royal "
concentrating on the leading ship (of " Derfflinger " type), the
opening range being 16,000 yards. She was straddled at the
third salvo, and a hit was observed at 3.54 p.m. Course was
gradually altered to southward.

2. The hit forward at 3.56 p.m. caused the electric training
of the Argo Tower to fail, and the hand gear was found to be
set up. Control was turned over to " B " turret for ten minutes,
and then resumed by the Argo Tower, of which the rangefinder
was out of action. At 4.11 a torpedo missed the Ship, passing
under the midship section from starboard to port. The shooting
of '■ Lion " and " Princess Royal " appeared good for some time
before the enemy turned away at 4.26 p.m.

3. Shortly afterwards, the High Sea Fleet came in sight,
and our course was altered to the northward (4.38 p.m.). On
picking up the enemy again, then- right-hand ship was seen to
be enveloped in smoke and steering away. Four salvoes were
fired at a three-funnelled cruiser steering southwards, and fire
at 4.50 was opened on the second ship in the hne, as " Lion's "
smoke interfered with our viev,' of the leading ship ; she
resembled the " Seydhtz." The " Lion's " smoke becoming
better, fire was shifted at 4.56 to the leading ship again (also
of the " Seydhtz " or similar tjrpe). At 5.8 the enemy could no
longer be seen and fire w^as checked.

4. At 5.41 p.m. fire was opened on the left-hand ship which
at 5.48 was seen to be on fire. The wreck of the " Invincible "
was passed at 6.36 p.m. on the starboard hand. The course
of the Squadron was gradually altered to the eastward. At
6.4 fire was checked, the enemy not being visible.

5. Fire was reopened at 6.12, the target being apparently
a battleship (two funnels wide apart). Course had to be altered
shghtly to the N.E. at 6.15 to allow the First Cruiser Squadron
to cross our front ; the original course was afterwards resumed
and then gradually worked round to the southward, and haK
an hour later to the south-westward.

6. The Ship came, about this time, under a heavy fire,
possibly from the battleships of the " Konig " class, which
were seen abaft the beam. " X " Turret was put out of action
by this fire, and the ship was holed in the starboard after reserve
bunker by another shot of the same salvo, which wTCcked the
after engine-room casings before explocUng against the upper
deck on the port side. Fire was checked at 6.22 p.m., the
enemy being invisible owing to smoke, and advantage was
taken of the lull to check the instruments. At 6.40 p.m. a
torpedo missed the Ship, passing from port to starboard under
the middle section again.

152 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

7. Fire was reopened at 7.14 p.m. for three minutes on an
enemy ship which was on fire amidships, having been hit by
" Lion."

About 8.40 p.m. a very heavy shock was felt, and everyone
thought a torpedo had hit us, but this was not so, however;
and therefore we must have struck and passed over a very
heavy object, possibly a submarine or a sunken vessel.

8. At 8.21 p.m. fire was reopened on the leading battle
cruiser, which could now be seen without any interference
from " Lion " smoke, and good ranges could be obtained for
the first time. She was repeatedly hit until 8.30, when she
dropped astern on fire and was hidden l^y destroyer smoke
screen. Fire was resumed at 8.33 on a three-funnelled battleship
of the " Helgoland " or " Pommern " type, and hits were
obtained with the second and third salvoes. Fire was checked
at 8.36, the target being obscured by the smoke screen.

9. Nothing more was seen of the enemy after this.

10. After the turn northwards at 4.38 p.m. the enemy was
always on the starboard side.

11. The only electrical defect which developed in the course
of the action affecting the fighting efficiency was the failure
of the electrical training of the Argo Tower at the beginning
of the action, caused by the blowing of the fuzes in No. 1
starboard and port pipe passages (caused b}^ the explosion of
the shell which hit at 3.56 p.m.). These Avere replaced and the
Argo Tower Motor worked correctly.

12. The gunnery interruptions were : —

" A " Turret — Eight Gun. — Retractor lever bent,
causing missfires. Turret Armourer and Chief Armourer
away on advance leave, and considerable delay caused.

Lejt (rww.^Crank pinion axis broke with breech
in closed position. Breech could not be opened for
11 hours. Gun out of action.

" 5 " Turret. — Turret armour hit without internal
damage. Tubes occasionally missfired — bad tubes.

" Q " Turret. — Right gun hit on muzzle, cracked
inner " A " tube for 2 ins. and caused scoring of right
trunnion bush.

" X " Turret. — -12-in. hit on armour which was badly
distorted. Large piece thrown through gunhouse, killing
left gun's crew, damaging shding shaft to breech and
destroying aU pressure pipes on left side. Turret jambed
and out of action.

Gun Control Tower. — Two 12-in. shell striking forward
caused vibration which put training gear temporarily out
of action and jammed transmitter gear of Argo Range-
finder. Slight damage by splinters to 4-in. gun circuits,
&c. repaired by Ship's Staff.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 153

Voice-pipes. — Captain's, on Compass Platform to Argo
Tower and between Argo Tower and Director Tower
both cut by fragments of the first salvo which hit the
sliip. AH voice-pipes in both struts and auxiliary director
circuit destroyed by shell.
Rounds Fired. —

" A " Turret - - 34

" B " Turret - - 78

" Q " Turret - - 78

" X " Turret - - 40

13. The main engines and boilers were not affected by hits,
and steam was easily maintained for all services.

Examination of the propellers by divers shows that a verj'
small piece has been removed from one blade, and a cone from
a propeller nut has come off. This may have been caused by
the colhsion referred to in para. 7.

The explosion of the shell which came through the starboard
after reserve bunker and wrecked the casings of the after engine
rooms, filled them with dense smoke, some of which penetrated
to the starboard forward engine room, but this dispersed after
the fire was subdued, the hole on the port side of the after deck
facilitating the dispersion.

14. The electric hght on the upper and main decks was cut off
at the switchboard previous to the action to prevent probable
causes of fire through short-circuiting of leads.

15. " Princess Royal " was hit by approximately nine heavy
shell, besides a constant stream of shell fragments. The principal
damage was —

(a) Caused bj^ shell exploding against upper deck in
Admiral's Port cabin over " B " Turret Flat, which
wrecked the cabin, killed and wounded many of the
Fore 4-in. guns' crews and salvage party, put the Fore
Distributing Station out of action till it could be cleared
of smoke, partially gassed the men in the Transmitting
Station and Lower Conning Tower, and started several
fires, which were very difficult to put out owing to gas
and darkness.

(6) Hole through base of No. 1 Funnel.

(c) Hole through armour in port forward reserve
bunker, by which the fire main pipe and the gearing of
the flood valve to " B " port magazine were shot away.

(d) Gunhouse of " X " Turret.

(e) Shell through starboard after reserve bunker,
wiiich wTecked the after engine room casings and exploded
on the port side of the main deck, lulling and wounding
many of the After 4-in. guns' crews and salvage party,
breaidng the fire main and brine system, and causing
several fires.

The fires were subdued in a minimum of time but under
much difficulty, due to the lack of electric fight, the failure of

154 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

the oil lighting, the breaking of fire mains and valves, and the
heavy smoke and gases caused by the explosions and fires.

The two holes in the Ship's side were plugged as soon as it
was possible to get at them after the fires were dealt with.

16. Soon after opening fire, a shell burst in " B " Turret Flat,
putting out the lights, jambing the hatch to the Fore Distributing
Station, and filling the air with thick clouds of smoke, which
were ver}'^ irritating to the eyes and throat, especially the latter.
Respirators were immediately put on, and were found most
useful. Goggles were used but w^ere found to get dimmed. The
gases, being heavy, hung about in the Distributing Station for
hours afterwards. The effects of the gas on the system also
became obvious by nausea, giddiness and vomiting, so that the
Station was evacuated and the Port Fore 4-in. Battery used.
The removal of wounded, as anticipated, proved slow and very
difficult. After the action was over, the Fore Distributing
Station was used for operations.

The Port After Mess Deck, the Distributing Station and the
Issue Room were used for the treatment of the wounded aft.

The greater proportion of the injuries consisted of burns
about the face and arms, which proved serious and led in a
few hours to much swelUng of mouth and eyes, and great shock.

The conduct of the v/ounded was steady, no complaint being

heard.

1 * * * * *

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

WALTER COWAN,
The Rear- Admiral Commanding. Captain.

First Battle Cruiser Squadron.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT.— H.M.S. "TIGER."

Enclosure No. 5 to Battle Cruiser Fleet Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.
No. F. 61/5. ' H.M.S. " Tiger,"

Sir, 6th June 1916.

In accordance with your signal 0945 of 2nd June 1916
I have the honour to submit herewith report of proceedings of
31st May 1916.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

H. B. PELLY,
The Vice- Admiral Commanding Captain.

Battle Cruiser Fleet,
(Through R.A.C., 1st B.C.S.)

' Part omittefl here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations'
&c., in no way bearing on the coiu^se of the action.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. ifi5

G.M.T.
P.M.

3.44. Enemy reported in sight from " Lion."

3.46. Observed enemy Battle Cruisers, 5 in number, which
appeared to be " Hindenburg," " Liitzow," " Derf-
flinger," " Seydlitz," and " Moltke," in the order
named from right to left, bearing North and on the
Port Beam.
Weather was misty in patches with varying visibility.

3.46. Target given, 4th ship from the left, probably " Reydlitz."

3.49. Enemy opened fire ; first salvo about 2,000 yards short.

3.50. " Lion "opened fire.

3.5L "Tiger" oxjened fire. Smoke from our own T.B.D.s on
engaged side which were proceeding to take station
ahead caused considerable interference.
Range, 18,500 yards.

1st salvo missed for direction. 2nd over,
3.52. " Tiger " hit on Forecastle.

" Tiger's " salvors apparently short and hitting.
Licreased rate of fire.

3.55. " Q " turret hit and " X " turret hit.

3.56. Hit under P. 6 6-in. gun.

It is of interest to note here that after 3.56 p.m.

" Tiger " v/as apparently not hit again by heavy shell.

Several minor hits were registered but no appreciable

damage was done.
4. 4. Observed " Indefatigable " sinking.
4.10. T.B.D.s ordered to attack enemy. A desultory action

was continued, but the enemy's fire appeared to be

wild and uncertain.

4.24. I observed a salvo pitch abreast " Q " turret of " Queen

Mary " (this was the first time I had seen " Queen
Mary " hit) and almost instantaneously there was a
terrific upheaval and a dense cloud of smoke. This
could not altogether be avoided as " Tiger " was
close up (about 2 cables) from " Queen Mary."
As " Tiger " passed through the cloud there was a heavy
fall of material on her decks, but no sign whatever
could be seen of the " Queen Mary." She must have
sunk instantaneously.

4.25. Shifted target to 3rd ship from the left, apparently

the " Derffiinger."

4.26. Estabhshed hitting.

4.34. Enemy Torpedo Boats were observed to turn and attack.

Opened fire on them with 6-in. battery and appeared

to find their range after three salvoes. Range 11,000

yards.
4.39. Checked fire.
4.42. Altered Course in succession 16 points to Starboard

on observing 8 enemy Battleships of the " Konig "

class.

166 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

G.M.T.

P.M.

4,45. 5th Battle Squadron opened fire.

4.50. Recommenced firing at opposite number (" Derfflinger ").

Long range, 18,000 yards, and enemy verj^ indistinct.

Only two salvoes fired.
4.58. Altered Course to Port. Recommenced fire at same

ship (" Derfflinger "). Light conditions improved and

hitting seemed to be estabhshed and maintained.

" Derfflinger " appeared to be down by the stem and

to leave the fine.
5.10. Enemy obscured. Speed 24 knots.
5.42. Enemy Battle Cruisers reappeared (only 4).
5.44. Engaged 3rd ship from the left, apparently " Seydhtz."

5th Battle Squadron were also engaging the Battle

Cruisers.
5.56. Checked fire as unable to spot and 5th Battle Squadron

appeared to be engaging the Enemy Battle Cruisers.

6. 5. Sighted Battleships of Grand Meet.

6. 7. 6-in. battery opened fire on Light Cruiser of " Kolberg "
class on Starboard bow and hit her. This Cruiser
eventually drifted between the lines and 6-in'. battery
fired several salvoes at her and she w^as last seen
sinlving by the stern at 6.19.

6.19 to 6.29. Firing a few salvoes at opposite number, but
spotting was not possible and fall of shot lost.

6.25. The " Defence " class made a fine entry across the
" Lion's " bow into the battle, but they were met
by a very heavy fire and suffered disaster. I did
not actually observe their loss.

6.36. Enemy developed a very heavj^ smoke screen and under

cover launched a T.B.D. attack on the Battle Fleet.
Opened fire with 6-in. guns. The shooting appeared
to be good and so the attack was not pressed home.
The heavy smoke clouded fall of shot, but apparently
several hits were made. Under cover of smoke the
enemy turned away.

6.37. Cease Fire.

6.37 to 6.39. About this time three torpedoes passed close
to the stern of the ship. Course was altered for one
of them, but the others were passing clear.

6.40 to 7.17. Nothing in sight.

7.17. Enemy squadron of four ships ajDpeared, of which tw'o
were Battle Cruisers, but I am not sure of the other
two.

7.19. Opened fire on opposite number. She appeared to
drop astern past Number 4 ship.

7.23. Ceased fire.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 157

G.M.T.
P.M.

7.27. Much smoke observed on Starboard bow, and apparently
T.B.D. attack developing. Opened fire with 6-in.

7.31. Ceased Fire.

8.21. Enemy sighted, apparently Battle Ship witli 3 funnels.
Opened fire and hitting established.

8.29. Enemy altered away.

8.37. Felt a very heavy shock and had no doubt that ship
had been torpedoed. Enquiries gave no result, so
I concluded that the ship must have struck something
under water.

8.40. Cease Fire.

Reports are attached which were written by various
Officers in accordance with my directions, also a
report in detail of the damage done.

These consist of —

Enclosure No. I. — Report by Commander A. G. Craufurd, R.N.

Enclosure No. IT. — Report by Lieutenant-Commander W. N.
Lapage, R.N., Torpedo Officer.

Enclosure No. III. — Report by Lieutenant-Commander P. Mac-
namara, R.N., Gunnery Officer.

Enclosure No. IV. — Report by Engineer Commander C. H. A.
Bermingham, R.N.

Enclosure No. V. — Report in detail of damage sustained during
action.^

A separate report of recommendations is also forwarded.

REPORT OF REAR-ADMIRAL SECOND BATTLE
CRUISER SQUADRON.

Enclosure No. 6 to Battle Cruiser Fleet Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.
2nd Battle Cruiser Squadron.

No. 513. " New Zealand,"

3rd June 1916.

SECOND BATTLE CRUISER SQUADRON.

Report on Action of 31st May 1916,
Sir,

Herewith I have the honour to submit observations
on the engagement between British and German Fleets, on
31st May 1916. Time table in Appendix I. was compiled by

1 Enclosures detached 12/6/16 and not forwarded by V.A.C. Battle
Cruiser Fleet.

168 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

Captain and officers of " New Zealand " and is believed to be
reliable. From this table and tracing of courses steered^ the
action of the Battle Cruiser Fleet can be reconstructed.

2. On sighting the enemy, Second Battle Cruiser Squadron
was ordered to form astern of First Battle Cruiser Squadron,
a position retained throughout the action. Fire opened steadily,
both sides using simultaneous firing. The director proved
invaluable. Though the merit of German salvoes was unequal,
yet many pitched all shots together. As fire continued, con-
centrated falls became less frequent ; later on, whenever shots
again began to fall together, it was taken as a sign that a
fresh enemy was being encountered.

3. Steep angles of descent reduced ricochet and splash.
Visibility was generally good, though I was never able personally
to identify the enemy vessel under fire. Her position in the
line was the most I could make out. Smoke and spray inter-
ference were slight.

4. Within a few minutes of entering action, two or three
shots falling together hit " Indefatigable " about outer edge
of upper deck in line with after turret. A small explosion
followed, and she swung out of line, sinking by the stern. Hit
again almost instantly near " A " turret by another salvo, she
listed heavily to port, turned over and disappeared.

5. As the number of ships in each line was now equal,
" New Zealand " shifted target from the fourth to the rear
ship. Deterioration in enemy fire was remarked, though one
of his ships, probably the third, was still delivering salvoes,
close in fall and apparently containing a full number of pro-
jectiles. Soon splashes other than those due to fire of " New
Zealand " could be seen round her target, thus showing Fifth
Battle Squadron was within range. " New Zealand " accordingly
resumed fire at the fourth enemy ship, a change recommended
also by the catastrophe to " Queen Mary."

6. In the Battle Cruiser Fleet it had been constantly
assumed that German battle cruisers would never be found
far from adequate support, and thus no surprise was felt when
their battle fleet was sighted. This was the moment when
the aid of a powerful fighting force was indispensable if the
Battle Cruiser Fleet was to be able to avoid engagement with
the battle fleet. Here the Fifth Battle Squadron played its
part nobly, and as elsewhere during the action it proved itself
a tower of strength.

7. After this disengagement the fleets again came together,
both steering northerly, fighting as obscuration and range allowed,
but with the British always bearing heavily on the head of the
opposite line. The Third Battle Cruiser Squadron dashing
gallantly into action ahead of " Lion," increased pressure on
enemy leaders, checking their advance and compelling them
continually to turn away. Thus when the Grand Fleet Avas

1 Plates 9a and 31.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 159

observed to port, turning to parallel course and with rear
apparently well engaged, it was felt that decision was at hand.

8. Nothing now remained but for the Battle Fleet to reap
the fruits of a situation brilliantly prepared by the Battle
Cruiser Fleet and by the Fifth Battle Squadron. Jointly,
this body had performed a magnificent feat of arms. Its position
relative to the enemy could not have been improved. It had
inflicted severe punishment upon him, and was ready to
supplement the frontal attack of the principal forces. For
such an attack light was necessary ; and visibility had already
begun to fail. The Germans may have used smoke screens ;
but from whatever cause or causes, the atmosphere was thickening,
and this, together with the turning away of the enemy fleet,
resulted in touch being lost. Hope remained that the decisive
operation had only been deferred until the morrow. Here
fresh disappointment awaited us, but as search was conducted
under orders from Grand Fleet, account is unnecessary.

9. It was evident the Germans had suffered severely, but
their full loss could only slowly become known. The British
felt that although an unlimited success had been earned, only
a limited one had been obtained. The Germans had more
cause to rejoice, as they had escaped annihilation. From such
a point of view they might well congratulate themselves ; but
in its nature such success is essentially different from victory,
even though some of the benefits of victory accompany it. By
the many who have ignorantly believed that any and every
meeting of the fleets must prelude a sweeping British victory,
the inconclusive nature of this battle will be deeply felt ; yet
inconclusive actions are the rule in naval warfare, and of all
the greater military events recorded in history, the least common
has been the naval victory in which the whole force of the enemy
has been obUterated.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
W. C. PAKENHAM,
The Vice-Admiral Commanding Rear-Admiral.

Battle Cruiser Fleet.

APPENDIX I. TO REPORT FROM REAR-ADMIRAL

COMMANDING SECOND BATTLE CRUISER SQUADRON,

DATED 2nd JUNE 1916.

ACTION OF 31st MAY 1916.

Time Table compiled by Captain and Officers of
H.M.S. " New Zealand."
G.M.T.

P.M.

2.20. Course N. by E. 19 J knots.
2.30. Sounded off action.

ItiO BATTLE OF JUTLAND:

G.M.T.

P.M.

2.35. Course S.S.E. 19| knots gradually increasing to 25

knots.

3. 0. Course E.
3.13. Altered to N.E.

3.24. Observed smoke of five ships bearing starboard 40.
3.30. Made out five enemy battle cruisers escorted by

destroyers, bearing E.N.E., steering N.W. course.

We altered course to E., speed 26 knots.

3.36. Altered to take station astern of 1st Battle Cruiser

Squadron.

3.45. In station astern of " Tiger," course E.

3.49. Enemy altered course about 16 points to starboard
(away).

3.51. Our speed 25 knots. " Lion " altered course to star-
board to parallel course of enemy. Formed on line
of bearing N.W.

3.54. Speed 26 knots. Enemy, " Lion," and 1st Battle
Cruiser Squadron opened fire. Range 19,000 yards.

3.57. " New Zealand " opened fire, 18,000 yards on fourth
ship from the right.

4. 0. Our course S.S.E. 25 knots. Straddled enemy. Com-

menced lyddite common.

4. 8. " Indefatigable " blew up.

4.10. Shifted fire on the fifth (rear) battle cruiser. Our

course S.
4.22. Altered course a Httle to port.
4.26. " X " turret reported hit, but still in action. Ship

now straddHng.
4.32. " Queen Mary " blew up.

4.37. " Lion " kept away to starboard.

4.44. Sighted enemy battle fleet ahead on port bow.

4.45. Altered course 16 points to starboard in succession.

Enemy battle fleet opened fire on us. Our course
N. by W. 25 knots.
4.52. Unable to fire though being heavily fired at, owing to
being unable to get enough elevation on. Range
19,000 yards.

5. 0. Fifth Battle Squadron passed us on our port hand and

turned to northward soon after under heavy fire

from enemy's battle fleet.
5.42. Observed flashes of firing from enemy's battle cruisers.
5.47. Opened fire on battle cruiser (second from left, all that

were visible). Range 17,200 yards.
Firing till 5.58. Intermittent firing owing to mist and

smoke.
5.56. Sighted Grand Fleet bearing N. by E. Our course

and speed being N.N.E., 25 knots.

OFFICIAL DESPATrHES. 161

6. 8.1 Altered to E.N.E., 24 knots. Enemy gradually turning
to > away.

6.30. J Heavy fire from enem^- battle cruisers and battle fleet.
" Invincible '" sunk. " Defence '' and " Warrior "
crossed ahead and under very heavy fire passed doM n
starboard side of Battle Cruiser Fleet. Firing as
continuously as mist and smoke allowed.

6.30. Altered course to S.E., 26 knots.

6.41. Ceased fire. Enemy obscured. Passed wreck of " In-
vincible."

6.45. Commenced to circle gradually to starboard.

6.52. Submarine rei3orted on starboard bow, hauled out of
line and then back.

6.59. " Indomitable " and " Inflexible " took station astern.
Speed 18 knots. Graduall}^ circling round to starboard.
Enemy out of sight or screened by mist and smoke.

7.10. Course S. 18 knots.

7.28. Enemy destroyers attacked, bearing starboard 80. Our
course S.S.W. Range 17,800 yards. Fired 1 wo salvoes
at them, and then 4th Light Cruiser Squadrori (I
think) went out at them and drove them off.

8.20. Course altered to W. 17 knots. Sighted enemy battle

cruisers, five ships, starboard 60.

8.21. Opened fire on third ship. Range 13,000 closing.

8.31. She appeared to be hit and heeling over, on fire and

hauled out of line. Then shifted fire on to the fourth
ship.

8.41. "New Zealand" appeared to strike something under
water, but no damage. Observed what appeared to
be a burst of air under \sater about 50 yards on star-
board beam.
Ceased fire. Enemy ob.- cured.

9.35. Course S. 17 knots.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT ON ACTION OF 31st MAY 1916.
"H.M.S "NEW ZEALAND."

Enclosure No. 7 to Battle Cruiser Fleet Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.

No. 96/A. 4.

H.M.S. " New Zealand,"
Sir, 2nd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to m.ake the following report on the
action which took place on W^ednesday, 31st May 1916, between
our fleet and the German Fleet.

X 12872 L

162 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

2. The day was hazy and fine with practically no wind.
I should put the visibihty down as between 7 and 10 miles,
varying in patches. Smoke also added occasionally to the
haziness, but I was rather impressed by the little smoke
interference there was.

3. Range-taking and Spotting were difficult. It was very
difficult to distinguish hits, but occasional bursts of smoke with
a salvo seemed to denote a hit.

4. The firing of the enemy was extremely good, their salvoes
having very little spread, and they seemed to pick up the range
quickly and correctly, and their salvoes were rapid.

5. We were fortunately only hit once by a heavy projectile,
about 1 foot above the deck on the port side of " X " Turret
(the after turret) which punched a hole about 2 feet in diameter.
It also went through the tongue of the towing sUp which was
secured round the turret. The shell must have burst on deck
as there were sputterings round about there. It also damaged
the deck, cutting through it and through the deck below into
the Engineer's Workshop.

6. I attach a timed account of the various incidents as they
occurred. All these times are G.M.T. and are, I consider,
absolutely reliable, as they come from 3 different sources.

rr 1 * ;li * * *

8. I consider that the Battle Cruiser described at 8.31 p.m.
to be heehng over and on fire, was in a sinking condition when
she hauled out of fine. The different reports received by Officers
in this ship agree that our last 2 or 3 salvoes fired at her hit
her heavily. She appeared to be a " Seydhtz " class.

^ Jji 5j€ i^^ 5|C SjC

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant.

JOHN F. E. GREEN,
The Rear- Admiral Commanding Captain.

Second Battle Cruiser Squadron,
H.M.S. " New Zealand."

No. 513a. ^

"NEW ZEALAND "—ACTION OF 31st MAY 1916.

Vice-Admiral Commanding
Battle Cruiser Fleet,

Submitted.

W. C. PAKENHAM,
*' New Zealand," Rear- Admiral.

6th June 1916.

1 See note on p. 381.

2 Part omitted here referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 163

REPORT OF SENIOR OFFICER 3rd BATTLE CRUISER

SQUADRON.

Enclosure No. S to Battle Cruiser Fleet Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.
No. 363/16.

H.M.S. " Indomitable,"
Sir, 2nd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report that H.M. Battle Cruisers
"Invincible," "Indomitable," and "Inflexible," H.M. Light
Cruisers " Chester," and " Canterbury " and H.M. Destroyers
"Christopher," "Ophelia," "Shark," and " Acasta " left the
Pentland Firth at 9.35 p.m. on 30th May 1916, just ahead of
the Grand Fleet, with which visual touch was kept by the late
Rear-Admiral Commanding Third Battle Cruiser Squadron,
The Honourable Horace Lambert Alexander Hood, C.B., M.V.O.,
D.S.O., through " Chester " till we were in Latitude 57.49 N.,
Longitude 4.42 E. at 2.23 p.m. on 31st May.

2. At 2.23 ]j.m. we received from " Galatea " our first
intimation that the enemy were actually at sea; we were then
steering 115°, speed of advance 14 knots; the speed of advance
during the night had been 16.8 knots. Telefunken signals of
strength 10 had just previously been heard. From then onwards
many signals giving various positions of the enemy were received.

At 3.13 p.m. the Rear-Admiral Commanding 3rd Battle
Cruiser Squadron increased speed to 22 knots; at 3.18 p.m.
he ordered ships to " Action Stations " ; 3.45 p.m. he altered
course to 137°, the squadron was then in single line ahead with
" Canterbury " ahead distant 5 miles, " Chester " on starboard
side bearing 256° to 212° distant 5 miles and the four destroyers
ahead of the Battle Cruisers as a submarine screen. By 4.12 p.m.
we were steaming at full speed.

3. As usual, the positions of the enemy received in the
W/T signals did not agree, but they aU pointed to the enemy
steering 345° or 298°, and it is evident that the late Rear-
Admiral acted on this; at 3.57 p.m. we received signals from
the Senior Officer, Battle Cruiser Fleet : " Am engaging enemy
1500." At 5.30 p.m. the sound of gunfire was plainly heard.
At this time the visibility greatly decreased owing to the mist,
the density of which was various degrees ; for, on some bearings,
one could see 16,000 yards, whilst on others only 2,000 yards.
From then till dark the visibihty ranged from 14,000 to 5,000
yards, which was, in my opinion, a great handicap to us, the
attacking force ; in fact much more of a handicap to the attacker
then the defenders.

At 5.40 p.m. flashes of gunfire were seen on a bearing about
215°, but I could not distinguish any ships. The Rear- Admiral,
" Invincible," altered course to starboard without signal, turning
about 9 points, thus bringing the engaged vessels and " Chester "
on the port bow of the 3rd Battle Cruiser Squadron, and leaving
our destroyers off our port quarter ; after a short time we made

L 2

1U4 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

out the engagement to be between the enemy's light cruisers
and " Chester.' The Rear- Admiral led the squadron between
"Chester" and the enemy's light cruisers whom we engaged;
at 5.55 p.m. we opened fire on the enemy with our port guns.
Shortly afterwards some more of the enemy's cruisers were seen
following at some distance astern of the light cruisers which we
were engaging, and I observed our destroyers developing an
attack on them. At the same time these enemy vessels opened
a heavy fire on our destroyers, and I am afraid that " Acasta "
and another destroyer were either sunk or damaged for I only
saw two of them afterwards, nor did I again see either " Chester "
or "■ Canterbury." I desire to record the fact that, when I saw
them, they were heading to make a determined attack. At
this moment my attention was called to the enemy's light
cruisers turning 16 points; they were at that time under a
heavy guntire from the 3rd Battle Cruiser Squadron, and a few
minutes later one was seen to be heavily on fire and apparently
she blow up. There was also observed amongst them a four-
funnelled cruiser, apparently of the " Roon " class. 8he was
observed to lose two funnels, to l)e steaming and firing very slowly
and heavily on fire amidships.

4. The First Battle Cruiser Squadron was then sighted on
our port bow, heavily engaged with some enemy whom I could
not see owing to the mist. At 6.13 p.m. "Invincible'" turned
to starboard, apparently stopped, and large quantities of steam
were observed to be escaping from her escape pipes. At the
same moment " Inflexible " turned to port and tracks of
torpedoes were observed by " Indomitable " coming from
the enemy's light cruisers with whom we had been engaged.
The range at which I engaged them was about 12,000 yards.
I turned away from the torpedoes and increased to full speed.
One torpedo actually ran alongside this ship at a distance of
about 20 yards, which we managed to outrun. As we turned,
two torpedoes passed close to the stern of the ship, but they
had run their distance, for I managed to turn ahead of them
and resume my place in the Squadron as did " Inflexible "
astern of " Invincible," which ship was then again going ahead,
having turned to about 153°. In all about 5 torpedoes' tracks
were seen coming from the enemy's light cruisers.

At 6.14 p.m. " Invincible," while steam was escaping, hoisted
the " Disregard," but hauled it down at once and followed it
by hoisting 1 flag and the squadron got into proper order again.
About 6.20 p.m. at a range of 8,600 j'ards the leading sliip of
the enemy's battle cruisers was seen firing at the 3rd Battle
Cruiser Squadron. They were promptly engaged, and I realised
that " Invincible " could have sustained little or no damage
from a torpedo, as I had thought she had when she stopped
at 6.13 p.m., for I had to go 20 knots to regain station in the
line; 6.32 p.m. shells were falling about "Indomitable" from
the enemy's battle cruisers, which were distant about 8,000 yards.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 165

At C.33 p.m. "' Invincible " was straddled by a salvo and was
hit in the after part; 6.34 p.m. a salvo or one shot appeared to
hit her about " Q " turret, and she immediately blew up.
Wreckage, &c. was thrown about 400 feet in the air. tShe
appears to have broken in half immediately, for, when the smoke
cleared and we had got to the position, the bows were standing
upright about 70 feet out of the water and 50 yards away the
stern was standing out of the water to a similar height, while
in a circle round was wreckage and some few survivors. The
visibility, which I have before said was sometimes up to
14,000 yards, was now generally much less than that.

5. The positions of affairs, when I took charge of the 3rd
Battle tVuiser Squadron on the lamentable death of Rear-
Admiral Hood, appeared to me to be as follows : —

We were steering 153°, as shown on attached chart. ^ The
enemy's battle cruisers were disappearing out of sight, but were
still firing on " Indomitable "" and " Inflexible." The Director
Gunner, Mr. James H. Moore, reported that about this time
one of the " Derfflinger " class fell out of enemy's line and he
saw her sink. The Lieutenant-Comander (G) in the Control top
at same period remarked that she was very Ioav in the water.
The 1st and 2nd Battle Cruiser Squadrons were coming up
astern of " Indomitable " ; " Inflexible " being about 3 cables
ahead of latter. When " Invincible " blew up, " Inflexible "
turned sharply to port, and I did the same and eased the speed
as I wanted to continue the action in the same direction as
previously and wished, if " Inflexible " turned 8 or more
points to port, to turn possibly under her stern, or, at all events,
to get the 3rd Battle Cruiser Squadron to resume their original
course and then alter it further to starboard in order to continue
the action. However, " Inflexible " quickly turned to starboard
and continued to turn towards the enemy. By being compelled
to ease my speed I had dropped astern of " Inflexible." I made
no signal to her as she was turning as I desired. You then
ordered the 3rd Battle Cruiser Squadron to prolong your line,
which we did. Shortly after this I saw the Grand Fleet astern
of us bearing about 340°.

6. Until 7.20 p.m. none of the enemy could be distinguished
owing to the mist ; but at that time it commenced to lift, and
at 7.26 p.m. " Indomitable " reopened fire on the enemy's
rear ship, the range being about 14,000 yards and decreasing.
Towards the head of the enemy's line dense quantities of grey
smoke could be seen and out of this came a destroyer attack,
which was beaten off but caused our battlefleet astern to turn
away from the enemy. At 7.40 p.m. our fire was checked owing
to lack of visibihty. At 8.26 p.m. ranges could again be got on
the enemy, and " Indomitable " engaged the 2nd ship from
the enemy's rear, which, as the range decreased, appeared to
bo " SeydUtz." The enemy very quickly straddled us and

' PU' to i:>.

106 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

continued to do so, even after we ceased firing. I believe that
"New Zealand " was also firing on this ship ; at all events.
" Seydlitz " turned away heavily damaged, and her fire lessened.
At 8.42 p.m. we ceased fire the enemy bearing 307°, but we
could not see to spot.

7. The only damage sustained by " Indomitable " was a
small hole in her middle funnel, though many sphnters from
shells fell on the deck, but no one was injured. At 8.44 p.m.
" Indomitable " received so severe a shock that I was knocked
off the compass platform. I thought that the ship had been
mined or hit by a torpedo, but no damage has so far been
discovered. I assume that we either hit some wreckage or a
submarine.

8. From then onwards I conformed to your orders and
nothing further of importance occurred ^vith the exception that
at 3.12 a.m. on 1st June a Zeppelin was sighted on the starboard
quarter coming up from the Southward. At 3.17 a.m. fire
was opened by " A " and " X " turrets, the Zeppelin then turned
101°, but had not been damaged in any way. At 3.21 a.m.
she turned to 10° and continued her course astern of us, but
at too great a range to justify a further expenditure of ammuni-
tion. Several light cruisers stationed on our port quarter engaged
the Zeppehn, but apparently without causing her any damage.

1 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^

11. The following is amount of ammunition expended by
this ship during the action : —

98 rounds of A. P. Lyddite, 12-in.

66 rounds of Common Lyddite, 12-in.

10 rounds of Powder Common, 12-in.

12. I desire to emphasize the fact that, when " Invincible "
blew up and sank, the Captain of " Inflexible " — Captain Edward
Henry Fitzhardinge Heaton-Ellis, M.V.O. — without warning
such as he would have had in the case of a wounded ship, found
himself leading the squadron, and he at once followed the highest
traditions of our Service by closing the enemy.

13. As the Officer left as Senior Officer of the 3rd Battle
Cruiser Squadron, I desire to record the sincere sorrow of all
the Officers and men of the 3rd Battle Cruiser Squadron in the
loss that the Nation has sustained in the death of Rear-Admiral
The Hon. Horace L.. A. Hood, C.B., M.V.O., D.S.O., Captain
Arthur Lindesay Cay, Royal Navy, and the Officers and men
of H.M.S. " Invincible," many of whom were personally known
to me and friends of mine.

Of Rear-Admiral Hood's attainments it is not for me to
speak, but he drew from all of us our love and respect. The
Officers and men of " Invincible " had previously been our
chums in the Mediterranean.

^ Part omitted here, referring solely tq per.sonnel, recommeudatioas
&e., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

Plate 13.

S-30P.M

-d

Turning toStsrb^
I4-000

H . M .S. I N DOMITAB LE

Position at 5-30 P.M. Ljt 56°58N. Long S'lO E.

All times are GM.T.

All courses are true.

Approx Range-finder ranges in heavy type.

C- 'i^t/LCv^-T^J •

'W^d^.

ic&y?(A^

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 167

13. Since compiling the above report, I have seen Commander
Hubert E. Dannreuther, who was the Gunnery Commander of
H.M.S. " Invincible " on 31st May. He states that the cause
of " Invincible " stopping at 6.30 p.m. was that her helm jammed
when put " hard-a-port."

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

F. W. KENNEDY,

Captain and Senior Officer,
The Vice- Admiral Commanding, 3rd B.C. Squadron.

Battle Cruiser Fleet.

Enclosure No. 9 to Battle Cruiser Fleet Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.

REPORTS OF THE 3rd BATTLE CRUISER SQUADRON
ON THE ACTION OF 31st MAY 1916.

No, 20 S.

Submitted. '

2. I concur in the attached reports as far as was seen and
known in " Indomitable."

3. I know that the late Rear-Admiral Commanding, 3rd
Battle Cruiser Squadron, had a high opinion of Commander
Dannreuther's abilities and zeal.

F. W. KENNEDY,

Captain and Senior Officer of

3rd Battle Cruiser Squadron.
The Vice -Admiral Commanding,
Battle Cruiser Fleet.

REPORT OF SENIOR SURVIVING OFFICER,
H.M.S. "INVINCIBLE."

H.M.S. " Crescent,"
Sir, 2nd June 1916.

I DEEPLY regret to report that H.M.S. " Invincible,"
commanded by Captain A. L. Cay, R.N., and flying the flag of
Rear-Admiral the Hon. Horace L. Hood, Rear-Admiral Com-
manding the Third Battle Cruiser Squadron, was blown up and
completely destroyed when in action with the enemy at 6.34 p.m.
on Wednesday the 31st May.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 167

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

F. W. KENNEDY,

Captain and Senior Officer,
The Vice- Admiral Commanding, 3rd B.C. Squadron.

Battle Cruiser Fleet.

Enclosure No. 9 to Battle Cruiser Fleet Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.

REPORTS OF THE 3rd BATTLE CRUISER SQUADRON
ON THE ACTION OF 31st MAY 1916.

No, 20 S.
Submitted.

2. I concur in the attached reports as far as was seen and
known in " Indomitable."

3. I know that the late Rear-Admiral Commanding, 3rd
Battle Cruiser Squadron, had a high opinion of Commander
Dannreuther 's abihties and zeal.

F. W. KENNEDY,

Captain and Senior Officer of

3rd Battle Cruiser Squadron.
The Vice-Admiral Commanding,
Battle Cruiser Fleet.

REPORT OF SENIOR SURVIVING OFFICER,
H.M.S. "INVINCIBLE."

H.M.S. " Crescent,"
Sir, 2nd June 1916.

168 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

The total number of officers and men on board at the time
was 1,031. Of tliese only six survived. The names of the
survivors are as follows : —

Commander H. E. Dannreuther, R.N.
Lieutenant C. S. Sanford, R.N. i

Chief P.O. (P.T.I.) Thompson.
Yeo. Signals Pratt (Walter Maclean), 2169G3.
Able Seaman Dandridge (Ernest George), 239478.
Gunner Gasson, R.M.A.

Of the above, all are free from injury with the exception
of Gunner Gasson, who was severety burnt about the head and
arms. They are now accommodated in this ship except Gunner
Gasson, who is in the Hospital Ship " Plassy."

The circumstances of the destruction of the ship are briefly
as follows : —

The " Invincible " was leading the 3rd B.C.S. and at about
5.45 p.m. first came into action with an enemy light cruiser
on the port bow. Several torpedoes were seen coming towards
the ship, but were avoided by turning away from them.
" Invincible's " fire was effective on the fight cruiser engaged,
and a heavy explosion was observed. A dense cloud of smoke
and steam from this explosion appeared to be in the same
position some minutes later.

" Invincible " then turned and came into action at about
6,15 p.m. with the leading enemy battle cruiser, which was
thought to be the " Derfflinger." Fire was opened at the
enemy at about 8,000 yards, and several hits were observed.

A few moments before the " Invincible " blew up Admiral
Hood hailed the Control Officer in the Control Top from the
fore bridge : " Your firing is very good, keep at it as quickly as
you can, every shot is telling." This was the last order heard
from the Admiral or Captain who were both on the bridge at
the end.

The Ship had been hit several times by heavy shell, but no
appreciable damage had been done when at 6.34 p.m. a heavy
shell struck " Q " turret and, bursting inside, blew the roof off.
This was observed from the control top. Almost immediately
following there Mas a tremendous explosion amidships indicating
that " Q " magazine had blown up. The ship broke in half
and sank in 10 or 15 seconds.

The survivors on coming to the surface saw the bow and
stern of the ship only, both of which were vertical and about
50 feet clear of the water.

The survivors were stationed as follows prior to the sinking
of the ship :—

Commander Dannreuther (Gun^

Control Officer) - - - i t-. /-. ^ i m
C.P.O. Thompson - - - ^ «^^ ^^"*^°^ ^^^'■
A.B. Danbridge - - - ;

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 169

Yeo. Signals Pratt - - • Director Tower platform.

Lieutenant ^T) Sandford • Fore Conning Tower,

hatch of \\hich was
open.

Gunner Gasson ... " Q " turret, at the range-

finder.

There was very little wreckage, the six survivors were
supported by a target raft and floating timber till jjicked up by
H.M.S. " Badger " shortly after 7 p.m.

Only one man besides those rescued was seen to come to the
surface after the explosion, and he sank before he could reach
the target raft.

The " Badger " was brought alongside the raft in a most
expeditious and seamanlike manner, and the survivors were
treated with the utmost kindness and consideration l)y the
officers and men.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

H. E. DANNREUTHER.
Captain Francis W. Kennedy, R.N., Commander.

H.M.S. " Indomitable."

CAPTAIN'S REPORT.— H.M.S. " INFLEXIBLE.'
ENGAGEMENT ON 31st MAY 1916.

No. 199 W.

" Inflexible,"
Sir, ^ 2nd June 1916. ^^

I HAVE the- honour to inform you that "Inflexible"
left Scapa Flow at 9 p.m. on Tuesday, 30th May 1916, in company
with " Invincible " (flying the Flag of Rear-Admiral the Hon.
Horace L. A. Hood, C.B., M.V.O., D.S.O.), "Indomitable"
(Captain Francis W. Kennedy), " Chester," " Canterbury," and
the four destroyers " Opheha," " Christopher," " Shark," and
" Acasta." This Squadron, which left in advance of the main
fleet, which sailed shortly after, under the command of the
Commander-in-Chief, was stationed 10 miles ahead of the armoured
cruiser screen; speed of advance of fleet was 17 knots.

2. At noon on Wednesday, 31st May, the position of the
Third Battle Cruiser Squadron was 58° 7' North, 3° 55' East.
At 2.20 p.m., the first reports of the enemy were intercepted
by W/T.

3. At 3.15 p.m. speed of Squadron was increased to 22
knots and at 4.0 p.m. to 24 knots, gradually Avorking up to full
speed, course being altered as necessary by " Invincible," pre-
sumably -with the idea of joining up Avith the Battle Cruiser

170 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

Fleet, reports having been intercepted that " Lion " was engaging
the enemy.

At about 5.30 p.m. firing was heard ahead, and at 5.40,
four hostile hght cruisers were sighted on the port bow,
apparently engaging the " Chester." On seeing the battle-
cruisers, these ships turned away ; fire was opened on the second
light cruiser from the right at a range of 8,000 yards, but was
checked at 0 o'clock as the ship fired at was enveloped in a high
column of smoke and was not seen again ; it is presumed that
she blew up. Fire was re-opened on the next cruiser, but
after one salvo was fired she disappeared in the mist. Meanwhile
the four destroyers in company had left the Squadron in order
to attack the enemy and were last seen hotly engaged.

4. At 6.15 p.m., two tracks of torpedoes were observed;
course was altered to avoid one which was seen to pass down
the port side at a distance of about 20 ft. (the torpedo was going
very slowly — apparently near the end of its run) ; the other
torpedo passed astern.

At about this time another torpedo was observed to pass
underneath the ship, and emerge the other side.

5. At 6.20 p.m., enemy's heavy ships were observed ahead,
course was altered about 8 points to port and fire was opened
at a range of about 8,000 to 9,000 yards. Owing to the haze
and smoke only one ship was visible, apparently a battleship
of the " Kaiser " or " Konig " class, and some direct hits were
considered to have been obtained on this vessel. At 6.30 p.m.,
the " Invincible " blew up, apparently owing to being hit
amidships abreast " Q " turret by a salvo. About 6.35 p.m.,
enemy disappeared in the mist and firing ceased.

During this engagement, " Inflexible " was continuously
fired at, and was straddled repeatedly, but the enemy ship fired
at could not be determined owing to the mist. " Inflexible "
was now leading the line and having passed the wreck of " Invin-
cible," altered course two points to starboard, fire having ceased,
in order to close the enemy. At 6 45 p.m., " Inflexible " altered
a further four points to starboard, when orders were received
from " Lion " for " Indomitable " and " Inflexible " to prolong
the line by taking station astern.

6. At 7.25 p.m., enemy's torpedo craft approached to attack,
but were driven back by gunfire ; the track of a torpedo passed
150 yards astern of the ship.

7. At 8.20 p.m., action was resumed at 6,000 yards range
with the enemy's armoured ships — believed to be of the
" Kaiser " Class. At 8.30, fire was checked, the enemy's ships
disappearing in the mist.

At 8.35 p.m., the track of a torpedo was observed across the
bows of " Inflexible."

At 8.40, a violent shock was felt underneath the ship and a
large swirl of oil was observed about 100 yards on the starboard
beam : this violent shock was presumably caused by the ship
coming into colHsion with wreckage.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 171

8. " Inflexible " remained in company with the Vice-Admiral
Commanding until arrival in the Forth a.m. the 2nd June.

At 2.24 p.m., 1st June, " Inflexible " passed a whaler of
German pattern marked " V. 29," and later, in about latitude
57° 2' X., Longitude 6° 13' E., passed large numbers of German

bodies in lifebelts and a hfebuoy marked " S.M.S. " (the name

of the ship being covered by a body lying over it).

9. Except for the colhsion mentioned in paragraph 7, which
must have caused an indentation of the outer skin, no damage
has been sustained, and no casualties have occurred on board
" Inflexible " during the recent engagement, but the right gun
of " Q " turret, which was cracked for a length of 30 ft. during
caUbration, was used and this appears to have enlarged the
crack.

1 ^ 4f ^ ^ '¥

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

EDW. HEATON ELLIS.
Captain.

Captain Francis WiUiam Kennedy, Royal Navy,
Senior Officer, Third Battle Cruiser Squadron.

1 Part omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c , in no way bearing on the course of the action.

172 BATTLE OF JUTLAND:

COMMODORE'S REPORT.- 1st LIGHT CRUISER
SQUADRON.

Enclosure No. 10 to Battle Cruiser Fleet Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.
No. 30.

" Galatea,"
Sir, 2nd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report for your information the
part taken by the First Light Cruiser Squadron in the recent
action and afterwards.

2. At 6.7 p.m. on 31st May, owing to damage to the port
after forced draught fan, " Galatea's " speed was reduced to
18 knots for a time, but after temporary repairs had been made
a speed of 24 knots was attained. " Inconstant " was placed in
charge of " Phaeton " and " Cordelia " until " Galatea '" was able
to rejoin next morning. Report from Ca23tain of " Inconstant "
covering that period is enclosed.

3. At 2.18 p.m. on 3 1st May in latitude 56° 52' N., longitude
5° 21' E., " Galatea " and " Phaeton " being in the Port Wing
position of the Light Cruiser Screen, course and speed of Battle
Cruiser Fleet being S.E., 20 knots, attention was drawn by a
steamer, bearing S. 72 E. about 12 D:iiles, blowing off steam and
the masts and two funnels of a war vessel were made out in her
vicinity. This was reported by " Galatea," who in company
with " Phaeton," closed at high speed. It svas then found
that two German Destroyers had stopped the steamer and that
a squadron of Cruisers and Torpedo-boat Destroyers were a
little to the North-eastward apparently steaming in various
directions which made it difficult to send an adequate report.

4. At 2.28 p.m. " Galatea " and " Phaeton " opened fire
on the two destroyers who proceeded to the Northward at
speed .

5. At 2.32 p.m. a three-funnelled cruiser opened fire at
15,000 yards, salvoes falling both sides of "Galatea" and
"Phaeton," but only one o-9-in. shell hit "Galatea": this
(lid not burst.

On the approach of the other enemy cruisers the First Light
Cruiser Squaclron — " Inconstant " and " Cordelia " were closing
— proceeded to the North-west in extended order keeping just
out of gun range, the Vice-Admiral Commanding Battle Cruiser
Fleet, who was to the West-south-westward about 15 miles,
having signalled that he was steering east, and it was hoped by
drawing the enemy North-west the Battle Cruisers would be able
to get in behind them, but shortly afterwards the Battle Cruisers
were seen in action with the enemy's heavy ships.

6. At 3.35 p.m. the enemy's Light Cruisers turned to the
South-eastward and the 1st and 3rd Light Cruiser Squadrons,
the latter having come up, followed on a parallel course.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 173

7. At 3.45 p.m. the Battle Cruisers were sighted about South-
south-east in action with an enemy to the South-eastward.

About 4.0 p.m. the Fifth Battle Squadron was sighted to
the South-west and opened fire on the enemy's Light Cruisers,
which turned to the Northward under cover of smoke bombs.
1st and 3rd Light Cruiser Squadrons followed them.

8. At 4,15 p.m. the enemy's Light Cruisers turned again
to the South-east and course was altered to steam parallel.

9. At 5.1 p.m. the Battle Cruisers were sighted to the South-
ward steering about North-west, and course was altered to
North-west.

10. At 5.27 p.m. a signal was received from " Lion " to
keep touch with enemy's Battle Cruisers ; these were not in
sight, but course was altered to Northward and shortly after the
enemy's Battle Cruisers were made out steering in the same
direction about 16,000 yards on Starboard beam. The Squadron
continued in this direction.

11. At 5.50 p.m. a signal was received from "Lion" for
Light Cruisers to attack with torpedoes ; speed was increased
to get into position, but, shortly after, the advance Cruisers
of our Battle Fleet were met steering a South-easterly course
and the leading ships of the latter turned to port when quite
close, but almost immediately turned 12 points to starboard
and it appeared that the Battle Fleet was going to deploy in
that direction.

12. At 6.7 p.m. course was altered to the Westward and
then to the Northward between the 4th and 5th Divisions of
the Battle Fleet to get out of the way.

At this time the port forced draught fan broke down and
speed had to be reduced. " Inconstant " was directed to go
on Avith '■ Phaeton " and " Cordelia " to the head of the line,
" Galatea " following and taking station at the head of the
Battle Fleet clear of Fourth Light Cruiser Scjuadron and
Destroyers by 8 p.m., remaining in that position for the night.

13. At 2.35 a.m. on 1st June, on the Battle Cruisers being
sighted, " Galatea," who was then able to steam 24 knots,
rejoined the First Light Cruiser Squadron.

14. During the action several metal cylinders about the
size of a picket boat's funnel were passed, these had been thrown
overboard by enemy Light Cruisers with material in them to
make smoke.

15. On the 1st June, in latitude 56° 25' N., longitude 6° 21' E.,
several bodies with life-belts which did not appear to be British
were seen and shortly afterwards two pear-shaped blue and
white mines were passed ; it was thought that these and the
bodies must have belonged to a German destroyer.

16. At 7.30 p.m. on the 31st May in latitude 57° 0' N.,
longitude 6° 23' E., the wreck of what is believed to be " Invin-
cible " was passed, the bow and stern standing out of the water.
As " Galatea " passed the stern sunk. There was practically

174 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

no wreckage cabout and none of the crew were seen at the time,
but on passing the same spot next day three or four bodies in
life-belts were seen in the vicinity. The above position was
verified on the second day.

About 7 miles 331 degrees from the wreck of " Invincible "
a large amount of heavy oil and a great deal of wreckage was
seen; this did not appear to have come from " Invincible."

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant.
E. S. ALEXANDER SINCLAIR,

Commodore Commanding
First Light Cruiser Squadron.

The Vice- Admiral Commanding,
Battle Cruiser Fleet.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT.— H.M.S. "INCONSTANT."

C. 141/46.

H.M.S. "Inconstant,"
Sir, 2nd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report as follows with regard to
my movements after receiving your signal to go on with the
1st L.C.S. at 6.27 p.m. on 31st May.

2. I proceeded full speed on an Easterly and then Southerly
Course passing round the Battle Fleet. Owing to the necessity
of keeping on the far side of the 'Repeating Light Cruisers of
the various Battle Squadrons and to the fact that the Battle
Fleet was continually altering course to starboard, I had to go
on the outside of a circle and it was not until about 7.25 p.m.
that I reached the head of the Battle Fleet hne.

3. On arrival at the head of the Battle Line, I found the
5 ships of the 4th L.C.S. with at least one complete Destroyer
Flotilla, a Light Cruiser and also four or five Cruisers.

4. The Battle Cruisers were at this time about 4 miles ahead
of the Battle Fleet, and I moved up and placed the three ships
of the 1st L.C.S. on the engaged quarter of the Battle Cruisers,
from where we could prevent a Destroyer attack coming down
from the bow on to our Battle Fleet, and at the same time afford
some protection to the rear of the Battle Cruiser Line.

5. At about 8.0 p.m. the ship struck or was struck by
something. " Cordelia " has since reported that she struck
something at about the same time, so it is assumed we struck
some submerged wreckage.

6. At about 8.15 p.m. the Battle Cruisers became engaged,
apparently with the Enemy's Battle Fleet, and the 3rd L.C.S.,
Avho were ahead of the Battle Cruiser Line, went on at full speed
and became engaged, but I could not see against whom. OAAdng

OFFICIAL DESPATOHTr. 175

to this the Battle Cruisers had no Light Cruisers at the head of
their line, and so I proceeded there at full speed.

7. At 8.29 p.m. all three ships of the Squadron sighted a
submarine breaking surface on the Port Side. This was reported

by W/T.

8. Owing to the overs, I passed about 2,000 yards on the
dis-engaged side of the line and formed on the engaged bow
of the Battle Cruiser Fleet. By the time I got there, the 3rd
L.C.S. had ceased j&ring.

9. In order to prevent having too many independent Squad-
rons, just before dark, T. took station mth the 1st L.C.S. astern of
the 3rd L.C.S.

10. At 9.57 p.m. I received a signal from the S.O., B.C.F.,
to take station W. by S. 4 miles from " Lion. " Lion's "
estimated position at this time was about 12 miles N.E.

11. I picked up the Battle Cruisers at daylight, steering
South. At 2.35 a.m. " Lion " signalled " Course N.", and again
at 3.10 a.m., " Course N.E."

12. At 4.10 a.m. " Lion " signalled, " Spread well to Westward
and endeavour to locate enemy. Keep Hnking ships in visual
touch."

Whilst spread in this manner, " Galatea " rejoined and took
command of 1st L.C.S.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant.

B. S. THESIGER,
The Commodore Commanding, Captain.

First Light Cruiser Squadron.

COMMODORE'S REPORTS.— 2nd LIGHT CRUISER

SQUADRON.

Enclosure No. 11 to Battle Cruiser Fleet Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.
No. 037/5.

" Southampton,"
Sir, 2nd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to submit the following report of the
proceedings of the Second Light Cruiser Squadron, consisting of
H.M. Ships " Southampton " (wearing my Broad Pendant),
" Nottingham " (Captain Charles B. Miller), " Birmingham "
(Captain Arthur A. M. Duff), and "Dublin" (Captain" Albert
C. Scott) during the operations on 31st May and 1st June : —

3lst May.
2. The enemy were reported by the Senior Officer, 1st Light
Cruiser Squadron, between 2.23 and 2.56 p.m.

I7t) BATTLE OF JCTTLAND :

3. At i.40 p.m. " Southampton " sighted and reported
enemy's battle fleet bearing 8. by E., steering N. The Second
Light Cruiser Squadron closed to within 13,000 yards to observe
enemy's battle fleet, and came under very heavy fire.

At 5.00 p.m. the Second Light Cruiser Squadron turned
Northwards and followed our Imttle cruisers and 5th battle
squadron. The Second Light Cruiser Squadron were at this
time practically in line with the rear ship of the 5th battle
squadron, and came under a very heavy fire from time to time
until about 6.05 p.m. ; no damage, however, resulted.

4. At 0.15 ]).m. our battle fleet was sighted right ahead.

5. At 6.35 p.m. " Warspite " suddenly turned South and
ran in towards the German Mne, coming under heavy concentrated
fire.

" Warspite " shortly afterwards rejoined the line at the
rear. During this time the Second Light Cruiser Squadron
occupied position " N " (in accordance with Grand Fleet Battle
Orders, page 41).

6. At about 6.40 p.m. the action appeared to become general,

7. At 6.47 p.m. the Second Light Cruiser Squadron turned
in towards the German line partly to finish off a disabled
battleshi]), but more to observe the enemy's rear more clearly,
their course being in doubt. Enemy's turn to E.S.E. was
reported by " Southampton " at 7.04 p.m.

The Squadron now came under heavy fire from the German
battle fleet, and it became necessary to return to the rear of
our battle line.

Between 6.55 and 7.05 p.m. water and spray was constant^
coming on board " Southampton " from enemy's salvoes, which
w^ere dropping all round the ship.

8. At 7.30 ]3.m. the Germans altered course together to
S. by W., and their destroyers made an effective smoke screen,
as the German fleet was now in bad light.

9. At about 8.30 p.m. a German destroyer was sighted and
fired on by " Southampton " and " Dublin," who hit her heavily
amidships. She was afterwards sunk by a division of our
destroyers.

10. At 9.00 p.m. the enemy's destroyers attempted to attack
our 5th battle squadron from the North -West. They were
driven off by the Second Light Cruiser Squadron ; one destroyer
was observed to have been hit.

11. At 10.20 ]).m. the Squadron was engaged with five enemy
ships, apparently a cruiser and four light cruisers, who concen-
trated on " Southampton " and " Dublin " at very short range.
The action was very sharp while it lasted (about 15 minutes), and
the casualties in " Southamjiton '" were heavy. Detailed fists
f)f killed and wounded in " Southamj^ton " and " Dublin " have
been forwarded separately.^

^ Not printed.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 177

Three tires broke out on board " tSouthampton " during the
action; these were promptly extinguished, though the hoses
had been very much cut up by shell tire.

12. On the enemy retiring, " Southampton," " Nottingham,"
and " Birmingham " proceeded and remained astern and on
starboard quarter of the centre of the battle fleet during the
night, as it was not known what protection they had against
destroyer attack. Firing astern was heard at intervals between
10.30 p.m. and 2.00 a.m.

H.M.S. " Dublin " became detached from the Squadron
during the night, and did not rejoin till 10.00 a.m. the next day.

1st June.

13. Squadron, except " Dubhn," regained touch with our
Battle Cruiser Fleet at 4.30 a.m., and j^roceeded as ordered.

" Southampton " passed a mine, with horns, at 4.25 a.m.
in Latitude bb° 25' N., Longitude 6° 11' E.

14. The behaviour of all ranks and ratings of " Southampton "
while the ship was in the trying position of receiving a heavy
fire from 11 and 12-in. guns without being able to return it,
and also during the night action with fires breaking out on board
was in every way in accordance with the best and highest
traditions of the Service.

1 * * * * *

15. A track chart ^ of movements of " Southampton " is
enclosed (Enclosure 2).

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

W. E. GOODENOUGH,
The Vice-Admiral Commanding, Commodore,

Battle Cruiser Fleet, Second Light Cruiser Squadron,

H.M.S. " Lion."

Enclosure- No. 12 to Battle Cruiser Fleet.
Letter No. B.C.F. 01 of 12/6/16.

No. 037/7.

" Southampton,"
Sir, 5th June 1916.

In continuation of my letter No. 037/5 of 2nd June, I have
the honouPto report that from a piece of shell found on board
" Southampton " it appears that one of the cruisers engaged
with the Second Light Cruiser Squadron at 10.20 p.m. on
31st May was armed ^\dth 9-4-in. guns, probably the " Roon "
or " FUrst Bismarck."

1 Part omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

2 There is no trace of this chart at the Admiralty.

X 12872 M

178 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

The course of the enemy squadron was S.S.E., and position
at 10.20 p.m. Latitude 56° 10' Nl., Longitude 6° 11' E. When
beaten off, they appeared to retire to the westward.

One torpedo (high speed setting) was fired at close range by
" Southampton " at 10.21 p.m. It is worth observing that
when passing within about a mile of the spot, by reckoning,
at 11.30 a.m. the next day, the sea was covered b}^ oil, for an
area of about a square mile.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

W. E. GOODENOUGH,
The Vice-Admiral Commanding, Commodore,

Battle Cruiser Fleet, 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron.

H.M.S. " Lion."

Enclosure No. 13 to Battle Cruiser Fleet Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.
No. 037/8.

" Birmingham,"
Sir, 6th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to submit the enclosed reports of
proceedings on 31st May and 1st June, which have been received
from H.M. Ships " Nottingham," " Birmingham," and " Dubhn."

I have the honour to be.

Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

W. E. GOODENOUGH,
The Vice-Admiral Commanding, Commodore.

Battle Cruiser Fleet,
H.M.S. " Lion."

CAPTAIN'S REPORT.— H.M.S. "BIRMINGHAM."

No. 309/10.

H.M.S. " Birmingham,"
Sir, 2nd June lSl6.

I HAVE the honour to report that during the operations on
31st May 1916 and 1st June 1916 I was in the immediate presence
of your broad pendant except for a few hours during the night
31st May 1916-lst June 1916, and I therefore on^y mention a
few points that may be of interest together with an account of
my proceedings during the time I was separated from you.

2. About 4.35 p.m. G.M.T. on Wednesday, 31st May 1916,
H.M.S. " Birmingham " was under heavy fire from 11 -in. or
12-in. guns of the enemy's battle fleet, and on one or two other
occasions later in the evening.

^ Part omitted hero, referring solely to personnel, i-ecominendatioas.
&c., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 179

On all these occasions the shells were falling all round the
ship so close that a good many pieces of the shells as they burst
came on board and also a good deal of water thrown up by them.
The fact that the ship was not actually hit appeared extra-
ordinary, and I attribute it in a great measure to the fact that
on each occasion when fire was opened the ship at once steered
away at full speed, and on each salvo faUing near the ship, course
was at once altered 2 points one way or another. As a result
of this, although the next salvo appeared correct for range it
was generally well clear to the right or left. But there was
also a large element of good fortune in it, as when there was
more than one ship firing at us it was impossible to avoid them
all and many fell all round the ship.

It was noticed that just before they ceased firing on account
of the ship getting out of range, the time of flight was 40 seconds,
which appeared also to be the time between the salvoes.

3. About 7.0 p.m. G.M.T. on 3Ist May 1916 fire was opened
on a disabled battleship or large cruiser with the remainder of
the squadron, and the shooting appeared to be good, the bursts
of the shell on her being quite obvious.

4. I was unable to fire on the destroyer that the rest of the
squadron fired at later in the evening owing to being blanketed
by some of our own destroyers.

5. During the attack on the enemy's cruisers about 10.15 p.m.
G.M.T. it was impossible, owing to the smoke made by the
three ships that were ahead of me in the fine, to see anything
until the enemy's ships switched on their searchlights when fire
was opened on the rear ship. From the same cause it was then
so difficult to see that I could not distinguish what class of
ships they were. The enemy ship returned the fire and the
shot fell very close round the ship.

6. After the squadron turned to the Eastward together
I found myself approaching our oth Battle Squadron, who were
steering to the Southward, and was obliged to turn to the north-
ward to avoid the two rear ships, thus losing touch with the
remaiji^der of the 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron. As I could not
see any destroyers or light cruisers guarding the 5th Battle
Squadron from enemy destroyer attack in that direction,
I remained during the dark hours on the starboard quarter of
the rear ship from where I could act in the event of an attack
on them. At dayhght I sighted " Southampton " and " Notting-
ham " on my starboard bow and rejoined.

7. At about 11.30 p.m. G.M.T. on 31st May 1916 I observed

two or more large enemy ships switch on their searchhghts and
open fire on some of our destroyers or fight cruiser and destroyers,
astern. At the time I was convinced from their appearance
and the speed they were going that they were the enemy battle
cruisers, but I have since ascertained that they were probably
battleships,

M 2

180 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

8. Soon after midnight 31st May-lst June 1916 I observed
heavy firing some distance away to the North-eastward.

9. When under fire of the battle fleet the engines were put
to full speed and subsequently kept at it for two hours in order
to regain station. During this period the revolutions averaged
381, or 14 higher than the ship has done since she was in commis-
sion. The work of the engine-room department under Engineer
Commander John B. Hewitt was most satisfactory throughout
a very arduous day.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

A. DUFF,
The Commodore Commanding, Captain.

Second Light Cruiser Squadron,
H.M.S. " Southampton."

CAPTAIN'S REPORT.— H.M.S. "DUBLIN."

H.M.S. " DubUn,"
Sir, 2nd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report that the proceedings of
H.M. Ship under my command during 30tli-31st May and
1st June were as follows : —

Tuesday Night, 30th May.

At 9.30 p.m. Proceeded to sea with 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron.
When clear of May Island, took up usual
screen ahead of Battle Cruisers, 2nd L.C.
Squadron on Starboard wing position.

3\st May.

At 2.30 p.m. " Galatea " reported enemy's Cruisers in sight.

At 3.40 p.m. Sighted 5 enemy Battle Cruisers and several
destroyers with them.

At 3.50 p.m. " Lion " opened fire on enemy's Battle Cnjisers.

At 4. 4 p.m. " Inclefatigable " blew up.

At 4.12 p.m. Ordered by Commodore of 2nd L.C. Squadron
to support our Destroyers in a Torpedo attack.
" Dubhn " at the time being about 5 cables
on disengaged bow of " Lion " and, proceeding
at " Full speed," it was found impossible to
cross the bows of the " Lion " to take up
position, also our smoke would have much
interfered- with the "Lion" if I could have
crossed her bows.
4.30 p.m. " Queen Mary " blew up and sank.
4.35 p.m. 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron in " Single Line
ahead."

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 181

4.40 p.m. Our Battle Cruisers altered course 16 points to
Starboard, 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron now
to rear.

4.43 p.m. Enemy's Battle Fleet sighted — steering to the
Northward.

4.56 p.m. 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron under very heavy
shell fire from enemy's Battle Fleet, salvoes
falling very close, but the ship did not receive
a direct hit, although many pieces of 12-in.
shell came inboard, the Navigating Officer,
Lieutenant Percy Strickland, being hit by
a small piece which did no harm. He was
standing by my side at the time, on the
Upper Bridge.

4.58 p.m. A 12-in. shell struck the water a few yards on
Starboard beam and 4 shells passed just over
the bridge.

5.15p.m. Observed one of our "M" class Torpedo Boat
Destroyers sinldng.

5.47 p.m. " Opened fire " on damaged enemy ship.

6.22 p.m. Ship bearing N.E. blew up.

6.23 p.m. " Warspite " hauled out of Une and enemy's

Battle Fleet concentrated their fire on her, but
she had regained her position in line by
6.45 p.m.

7.20 p.m. Our Battle Fleet " opened fire " on enemy's
Battle Fleet.

7.45 p.m. Observed two enemy destroyers on Starboard
Beam, " opened fire " on same.

8. 6 p.m. Lost sight of enemy's Battle Fleet.

8.56 p.m. Observed two enemy torpedo boat destroyers on
Starboard bow and " opened fire " on same,
and they disappeared in a cloud of smoke.

9.10 p.m. Heard heavy firing S.W.

10.40 p.m. Sighted enemy's vessels on Starboard Beam, it
being quite dark and rather misty. Directly
enemy " switched on " searchhghts " Dubhn "
opened a very rapid fire on, an enemy ship
on the Beam, but it was imj^ossible to distin-
guish what ship it was.
10.45 p.m. Lieutenant Percy Strickland. Navigating Officer,
was killed as he was stepping on to tne Upper
Bridge, ship was being hit many times, and
on a fire starting on the Seamen's Mess Deck
the ship was hauled out 3 points, which made
enemy's shells fall short.
10.55 p.m. Resumed course of 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron.

11.0 p.m. All firing ceased, and in total darkness hauled

About over 3 points to Port as " Southampton "

appeared to be doing so.

182 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

11.20 p.m. Resumed Course and .Speed of 2nd Light Cruiser
Squadron, but lost sight of them.

From 11.0 p.m. until 2.0 a.m. on 1st June,
observed continuous flashes of guns to the
Northward.

At daylight, ho vessel in sight but visibility low;
I think the shell which passed through the
Chart House and then exploded must have
affected the Standard Compass, otherwise the
ship must have been in close touch with
2nd Light Cruiser Squadron.
4. 0 a.m. Course North. Nothing in sight. Weather very
misty. Impossible to work up a " dead
reckoning," as Navigating Officer is dead
and his records gone, and the charts in Chart
House badly damaged.

The wireless trunk having been shot away, it
was some considerable time before the main
aerials were connected up ; in the meanwhile
the Battle aerial was connected up and signals
were received.
4.10 a.m. Sighted about one mile off some enemy's vessels,
one of which resembled the " Roon," the
others were too indistinct to make out what
class of vessel they belonged to, they were
steering a southerly course at a high rate of
speed.

In a few seconds the enemy was lost in the fog,
the ship was turned with the object of chasing
and shadowing them, but the existing condi-
tions of weather made this impossible. Course
was therefore shaped for a position where it was
hoped to meet with and join up with the
2nd Light Cruiser Squadron. The Commander-
in-Chief was informed of sighting the enemy.
The Commodore, 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron,
was asked for course and speed of Squadron.

6.30 a.m. Passed a lot of oil fuel and rescued a man on
a piece of wood who turned out to be George
T. A. Parkyn, Stoker 1st class of H.M.S.
" Tipperary," who had been in the water for
about 5 hours, and stated his ship had been
sunk by shell fire at night. (His statement
is enclosed.)
The ship had j^revious to this passed through a
large number of dead bodies.

6. 0 a.m. Sighted Torpedo Boat Destroyer " Sparrow-
hawk " in a very damaged condition, bows
crumpled up to the Bridge and stern badly
damaged. Destroyer Leader " Marksman "

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 183

standing by to take men from her ; helped
" Marksman " by giving her a lee, and
when I parted company with " Marksman "
she was attempting to tow " Sparrowhawk,"
but I saw it was a hopeless case, and an
intercepted signal later stated that " ^Sparrow-
hawk " had been sunk.
At 8. 5 a.m. Joined the Flag of the Commander-in-Chief.

During the night action the ship was struck by 13 shells,
about half of which did not explode.

I would like to mention the cool behaviour of all Officers and
Men during the time when the 12-in. shell were faUing thickly
around the shij) by day, and also, when the ship was under
heavy fire at night.

1 * * * * * .

I have the honour to be,

Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

A. C. SCOTT,
The Commodore Commanding, Captain.

2nd Light Cruiser Squadron.

statement of george thos. aug. parkyn, stoker
1st class, ex "tipperary." rescued at sea on

THE MORNING OF 1st JUNE 1916.

I was at work in No. 3 Stokehold, and at about 11.0 p.m.
(31st May 1916) I learnt that we were in action with German
Torpedo Craft. We had been in action about I of an houi-
w^hen the Bridge caught fire from shells.

The vessel kept afloat for some time after this, going down
about break of day, 1| hours or 2 hours after being hit.

When abandoning the ship the Motor Boat was tried, the
only boat left, but sank as soon as it touched water.

Some men had previously got away on a small raft, and
about 17 men got on to the larger raft. I saw neither of these
after.

" Tipperary " plunged suddenly, going down by the Bows.
I saw no other survivors while in the water.

GEORGE THOMAS AUGUSTUS PARKYN,

Stoker 1st Class.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT.— H.M.S. " NOTTINGHAM."

No. 66.

H.M.S. " Nottingham,"
Sir, 2nd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report the proceedings of H.M. Ship
under my command, during the Action on 31st May 1916.

' Part omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recominendations,
&c., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

184 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

2. At 2.55 p.m. a signal was received from Senior Officer,
Battle Cruiser Fleet, to 2n(I Light Cruiser Squadron : " Prepare
to attack the van of the enemy."

3. " Nottingham " was at that time on " Lion's " starboard
bow and took up a position a shade on her port bow as far ahead
as possible, in order to break up any attack from Enemy
Torpedo Craft, and to support our own Torpedo Boat Destroyers
of 13th Flotilla.

4. The enemy Torpedo Boat Destroyers started to attack
about 4.0 p.m., and " Nottingham " opened fire upon them,
Avliich fire appeared to be effective, and the attack was not
jjressed home.

5. As " Lion " was gradually opening the range, " Notting-
ham " altered to starboard to prevent getting in her way, and
when " Nottingham " could no longer support the T.B.D.'s,
she took station on Commodore 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron,
which station she maintained during the remainder ot the action.

6. About 4.40 p.m., " Nottingham " fired an E.R. Torpedo
at 'Enemy Battle Fleet; the range being about 16,500 yards,
the Battle Fleet being in line ahead. No other opportunity for
firing torpedoes jiresented itself.

7. The ship was steaming at high speed from 3.0 p.m. until
8.0 p.m., and from 4.0 p.m. to 6.0 X3.m. the engines were running
at a mean speed of 377 revolutions, the greatest S.H.P. developed
being 28,156.

8. No defects were brought to light except an increased
leakage of oil fuel from after tanks into reserve feed tanks in
After^Engine Room, caused probably by the vibration.

9. I would submit that this performance is most creditable
to the whole of the Engine Room Staff especially in that
Engineer Commander Gerald Moore, R.N., was able to receive
no assistance from the Senior Engineer Lieutenant, he and
14 Engine Room Ratings (including seven chief or P.O.'s) being
out of the ship at the time.

10. I enclose a tracing showing the rough track of " Notting-
ham " between 3.0 p.m. and 10.30 p.ni.^ This track was plotted
by a trained rating working in the Lower Conning Tower.

11. "Nottingham " sustained no damage and no direct hits
from heavy shell, although she was frequently straddled and
fragments of heavy shell bursting in the water close to the ship
struck the side^ and fell about the upper deck.

12. The behaviour of both Officers and Ship's Company was
everything that could be desired.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

CHARLES B. MILLER,
The Commodore Commanding, Captain.

Second Light Cruiser Squadron,
H.M.S. " Southampton."

1 Plate 14.

TRACING
H.M.S

TEERED BY

Flatel4f.

10'

Plafel*.

TRACING OF THE APPROXIMATE COURSES STEERED BY
H.M.S "NOTTINGHAM " FROM 100'=" TO X- 30 '':"
MAY 31 ^>

Enemy Battle
V Cruisers JSLOP^

Enemy Battle Fleet
TS.- 25 P.""

57?N.

■ so'

\a^

lOOJZ . mse/f. II 73 Q) SOOO. I

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 185

REAR-ADMIRAL'S REPORT.— 3rd LIGHT CRUISER

SQUADRON.

Enclosure No. 14 to Battle Cruiser Fleet, Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.
No. 0447.

" Falmouth,"
Sir, 5th June 1016.

I HAVE the honour to submit the following report of the
proceedings of the Third Light Cruiser Squadron under my
command during the action on 31st May 1916.^

2. At 2.23 p.m., the Light Cruiser Screen being then spread
in an E.N.E. direction, the centre bearing S.S.E. from " Lion,"
and the course just being altered to N. by E., " Galatea's "
report of enemy Cruisers was received, and the First Light
Crui.ser Squadron proceeded in an E.S.E. direction at full speed,
and the Third Light Cruiser Squadron closed in support, also
at full speed.

3. I directed " Engadine " to take cover near our Battle
Cruisers.

4. At 2.45 p.m., we sighted two or three enemy Cruisers,
about 12 miles E.S.E., firing at the First Light Cruiser Squadron,
and the shots falling mostly short. Being far outranged, we
endeavoured to keep touch without closing much, and to lead
the enemy round to the direction of our- Battlefleet (N.W.),
whilst the Battle Cruisers were steering to the eastward to cut
them off.

5. At 3.33 p.m., the enemy altered to about E.S.E. and
the First and Third Light Cruiser Squadrons did the same. At
this time splashes were falling close ahead.

6. At 4.32 p.m., we passed a quantity of what looked Hke
large brass cartridge cases of tAvelve to fifteen inches diameter,
but have since been considered to have probably been smoke
boxes, as the enemy had already been much obscured by whitish
clouds of smoke.

7. We then endeavoured (at 4.30 p.m.) with the First Light
Cruiser Squadron to engage the four enemy cruisers which
appeared to be detached to the northward of the enemy's main
body, but at 4.50 p.m. we sighted our own Battle Cruisers
ahead and steering towards us (W.N.W.), and engaged with
the enemy Battle Cruisers to starboard. We accordingly altered
to keep ahead of our Battle Cruisers, and twenty minutes later
passed the wreckage of a sunken ship.

8. At 5.33 p.m., we sighted two or three cruisers approaching
from the N.W., which were the first jDortion of our own Battle-
fleet screen, and we altered round gradually and joined in with
the Battlefleet screen steering about S.E.

9. Here we were much restricted for room, the First Cruiser
Squadron, Fourth Light Cruiser Squadron and Destroyer Screen

1 Plate 1.5.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 185

REAR-ADMIRAL'S REPORT.— 3rd LIGHT CRUISER

SQUADRON.

Enclosure No. 14 to Battle Cruiser Fleet, Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.
No. 0447.

" Falmouth,"
Sir, 5th June 1016.

I HAVE the honour to submit the following report of the
proceedings of the Third Light Cruiser Squadron under my
command during the action on 31st May 1916.^

2. At 2.23 p.m., the Light Cruiser Screen being then spread
in an E.N.E. direction, the centre bearing S.S.E. from " Lion,"
and the course just being altered to N. by E., " Galatea's "
report of enemy Cruisers was received, and the First Light
Cruiser Squadron proceeded in an E.S.E. direction at full speed,
and the Third Light Cruiser Squadron closed in support, also
at full speed.

3. I directed " Engadine " to take cover near our Battle
Cruisers.

5. At 3.33 p.m., the enemy altered to about E.S.E. and
the First and Third Light Cruiser Squadrons did the same. At
this time splashes were falling close ahead.

6. At 4.32 p.m., we passed a quantity of what looked like
large brass cartridge cases of twelve to fifteen inches diameter,
but have since been considered to have probably been smoke
boxes, as the enemy had already been much obscured by whitish
clouds of smoke.

8. At 5.33 p.m., we sighted two or three cruisers ajDproaching
from the N.W., which were the first portion of our own Battle-
fleet screen, and we altered round gradually and joined in with
the Battlefleet screen steering about S.E.

9. Here we were much restricted for room, the First Cruiser
Squadron, Fourth Light Cruiser Squadron and Destroyer Screen

1 Plate 1.5.

186 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

all moving in the ^^ame direction with us. The First Light
Cruiser Squadron managed to turn away and get clear and thus
eased the crowding.

10. We then, in common with other ships, engaged a large
3-funnellcd Light Cruiser, I think " Elbing," from 9,700 to
4,000 yards; and she was soon brought to a standstill. " Fal-
mouth " fired a torpedo at her at about 5,000 yards, but the
result is unknown.

11. Fire was then shifted to two other Light Cruisers who
were firing at our destroyers ; and after a short time they turned
away and were lost to view.

12. Two enemy Battle Cruisers then appeared detached
from the others, and steering about east, thought to be " Derf-
flinger " and one other (possibly " Liitzow ").

They were from 6,000 to 5,000 yards on our starboard beam,
and were engaged by the Third Battle Cruiser Scjuadron, who
joined from the north and turned to the eastw^ard about 2,000
yards on our port beam.

13. No other target presenting itself, fire was directed at
the leading Battle Cruiser from 5,200 to 6,100 yards, and fire
was returned by the Battle Cruisers with 6-in.

14. " Falmouth " and " Yarmouth " both fired torpedoes
at her, and it is beheved that " Falmouth's " torpedo hit, as
an underwater explosion was distinctly visible.

15. About 6.30 p.m., " Tnvincible " blew up in approx.
57° 8' N., 6° 17' E. My impression is that it was the result of
a shot into her magazine. There was certainly so sign of water
in the explosion.

16. Soon after, the enemy Battle Cruisers turned away to
westward, and were were left "without an enemy to engage.

17. Here I should like to bring to your notice the action of
a destroyer (name unknown, thought to be marked with the
number " 59," ? " Acasta " ?) which we passed close in a disabled
condition soon after 6.0 p.m. She apparently was able to
struggle ahead again and made straight for the " Derffiinger "
to attack her. The incident appeared so courageous that it
seems desirable to investigate it further, as I am unable to be
certain of the vessel's identity.

18. " Canterbury " joined my squadron at 7.0 p.m., and
being ahead of our Battle Cruisers we kept that position, steering
about W.S.W., and at 7.36 p.m. reduced to 18 knots by signal
from " Lion."

19. At 7.50 i).m. I was directed by " Lion " to sweep to
the westward and to locate the head of the enemy's line before
dark ; and I formed the Light Cruisers on a line of bearing South,
course West, 24 knots.

20. Five enemy cruisers were sighted W. by N. and fire was
opened at 8.18 p.m., at 9,600 yards, closing to 6,000; the enemy
replied, but their fire was erratic. At 8.25 p.m. the course was

I'Ltdie 15.

7^.

Ppouol the Log
of

H.M.S"FALMOUTH^

Courses ste^re^ (^urin^ act/on
May3l^^ 1916

072-z^2e6/f^in3.

-57"N.

TIE.

JvlaJbv iSons, P'totoUlio.

i'Uiic 15.

CoursKS ste^re^ t/urin^ action
May3l'^ 1916

TIE.

NU'b«&Sons,PSo»lj*Jio.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 187

S.W., 25 knots. At 8.32 the course was W.S.W. and the enemy
altered 8 points together away from us.

21. Our course was altered to West and W.N.W., but at
8.38 p.m. we lost sight of the enemy in the mist, and fire was
checked.

22. We then found ourselves drawing across the bows of
the enemy's Battle Cruisers, who I think were being engaged
by our Battle Cruisers, and we turned to about W.S.W. , and
then S.S.W\ to regain our position ahead of our Battle Cruisers.

23. During the night we kept on the starboard bow of our
Battle Cruisers and Battle ships, steering South, and altering to
N, by E. at dayhght.

24. At 3.15 a.m. a Zeppehn was following the rear of our
Fleet, observing, and we drove it off with shrapnel fire, although
unable to bring it down at the range, which was 14,000 yards.

It is interesting to note that Naval Airship " L. 24 " in a
badly damaged condition succeeded in reaching the coast of
Schlesmg on 1st June, but then came down, and broke in two
pieces " (D.A.R. No. 83 of 3rd June 1916).

25. The remainder of the second day was spent sweeping
to the Northward with our Battle Cruisers without sighting
any enemy, and at night we returned Avith them to our base.

26. Although the Squadron was under fire during the afternoon
and evening of the 31st May, no ships received any direct hits
except " Falmouth " whose fore top communications were out.

Ships were occasionally struck by shrapnel and small pieces
of shell.

There were no casualties.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

T. D. W. NAPIER,
The Vice- Admiral Commanding, Rear- Admiral.

Battle Cruiser Fleet.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT.— H.M.S. "CHESTER."

Enclosure No. 15 to Battle Cruiser Fleet Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.

H.M.S. "Chester,"
Sir, 2nd June 1916.

In confirmation of my telegram 1700 and 0830 of June 1st,
I have the honour to make the following preHminary report
on the circumstances in which H.M.S. " Chester " went into
action on May 31st.

2. From dayhght on May 31st " Chester " was attached to
3rd B.C.S. and stationed as a hnking ship between the armoured
cruiser screen of the Battlefleet and the three ships of the

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 187

S.W., 25 knots. At 8.32 the course was W.S.W. and the enemy
altered 8 points together away from us.

21. Our course was altered to West and W.N.W., but at
8.38 p.m. we lost sight of the enemy in the mist, and fire was
checked.

22. We then found ourselves drawing across the bows of
the enemy's Battle Cruisers, who I think were being engaged
by our Battle Cruisers, and we turned to about W.8.W., and
then S.S.W. to regain our position ahead of our Battle Cruisers.

23. During the night we kept on the starl)oard bow of our
Battle Cruisers and Battle ships, steering South, and altering to
N. by E. at dayUght.

24. At 3.15 a.m. a ZeppeHn was following the rear of our
Fleet, observing, and we drove it off with shrapnel fire, although
unable to bring it down at the range, which was 14,000 yards.

It is interesting to note that Naval Airship " L. 24 " in a
badly damaged condition succeeded in reaching the coast of
Schleswig on 1st June, but then came down, and broke in tA\o
pieces " (D.A.R. No. 83 of 3rd June 1916).

25. The remainder of the second day was spent sweeping
to the Northward with our Battle Cruisers without sighting
any enemy, and at night we returned with them to our base.

26. Although the Squadron was under fire during the afternoon
and evening of the 31st May, no ships received any direct hits
except " Falmouth " whose fore top communications were out.

Ships were occasionally struck by shrapnel and small pieces
of shell.

There were no casualties.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

T. D. W. NAPIER,
The Vice- Admiral Commanding, Rear- Admiral.

Battle Cruiser Fleet.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT.— H.M.S. "CHESTER."

Enclosure No. 15 to Battle Cruiser Fleet Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.

H.M.S. "Chester,"
Sir, 2nd June 1916.

In confirmation of my telegram 1700 and 0830 of June 1st,
I have the honour to make the following prehminary report
on the circumstances in which H.M.S. " Chester " went into
action on May 31st.

2. From dayhght on May 31st " Chester " was attached to
3rd B.C.S. and stationed as a hnking ship between the armoured
cruiser screen of the Battlefleet and the three ships of the

188 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

3rd B.C.S., to pass signals visually, W/T not being in use except
in cases of emergency.

3. The distance between the Battle cruisers and the cruiser
screen varied during the day from about 18 to 12 miles, " Chester "
keeping a midway position. The mean course was about S. 50 E.
after 5.20 a.m. and the Battle cruisers were from a point to two
points on the Port bow of the battle fleet. At noon they were
about 30 miles apart. Check bearings and distances were
passed through " Chester " twice during the day. " Chester's "
noon position was Lat. 58-8 N., Long. 3-36 E.

4. At 3.26 p.m. the battle cruisers increased speed and steered
E.S.E. and " Chester " had to turn towards the " IVIinotaur "
(S.O. of Armoured cruisers) to pass to her the signal reporting
Battle Cruisers alteration of course and speed, the visibihty
having slightly decreased, perhaps to 8 miles. Having passed
the signal, " Chester " followed Battle cruisers (which were
then just visible) at full speed.

5. A W/T from C.-in-C. to 3rd B.C.S. was intercepted at
4.15 p.m. ordering the squadron to re-inforce B.C.F. At about
this time a large number of reports, some apparently contradic-
tory, were being intercepted, relative to position, course, and
speed of enemy sighted and engaged by various units of the
Fleet.

6. Third B.C.S. steered to the Southward at about 4.15 p.m.
(their mean course was apparently S. by E.) to carry out
C.-in-C. 's signal, proceeding at a high speed. " Chester " turned
with them. The bearing and distance of 3rd B.C.S. from
" Chester " was then about S. 70 E. 8 miles. On a S. by E. course
" Chester " at full speed was very slowly overhauHng 3rd B.C.S.
The distance was gradually decreased to about 6 miles, and
the bearing kept about the same. The visibihty was rapidly
decreasing.

7. At 2.23 p.m., intercepted reports indicated that enemy
ships were in the close vicinity. Visibility to the Westward
was rather less, I think, than to the Eastward.

8. At 5.30 p.m. the sound of gunfire to the S.W. was heard
and flashes of guns were seen in this direction. This was reported
to " Invincible " by searchlight, and " Chester " turned to
S.W. to investigate.

9. At 5.36 one 3-funnelled hght Cruiser with one (or perhaps
two — opinions differ) destroyers was sighted dimly a little on
Starboard bow. She was challenged and made no reply.
" Chester " altered course to about West. The appearance of
the destroyer made it most probable that the ship was an enemy.
(The hght cruiser had, I think, been firing at some ships to the
westward of her, but her target was not in sight from " Chester ").
As the " Chester's " course laid her open to torpedo attack by
the destroyer at once, course was altered to starboard from
about West to about North (the approximate course of enemy)

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 189

bringing enemy Mell abaft the port beam. The approximate
position at this time was Lat. 57* 10 E., Long. 5-42 E.

10. While turning two more hght cruisers were sighted
astern of the other. The leading hght cruiser opened fire on
" Chester " at about the time of the completion of the turn to
Northward, and "Chester's" first salvo was fired at her at
about the same time as her (the leading light cruiser's) second
salvo. ^ The range was about 6,000 yards. After " Chester's "
third salvo, the fourth salvo (about) of the enemy disabled
No. 1 gun portside, and Idlled or wounded a large proportion
of the guns' crews of Numbers 1, 2, and 3 Port. The appearance
of two more light cruisers made it desirable to increase the range
rapidly. " Chester " turned to N. Eastward, her speed and
rapid alteration of course making any effective firing from
" Chester " impracticable. The after gun continued firing
steadily in local control. By the time " Chester " had steadied
on a North Easterly course all enemy ships had apparently
opened fire and obtained an accurate range. In about the
first five minutes of the action most of " Chester's " casualties
occurred and the three guns, No. 1 Port, and Nos. 1 and 2 star-
board were, I beheve, disabled during the same period. There
were several small cordite fires in the first few minutes ; they
were not serious, except for damage to personnel. The personnel
of all guns' crews was also seriously reduced.

12. Enemy ships turned together to North Eastward soon
after '' Chester's " turn, bringing the enemy leading ship astern
of " Chester " and the two other sHghtly on starboard quarter.
The 3rd B.C.S. had approached from the Eastward, and when
first noticed by me were on a North Westerly course to Eastward
of " Chester."

13. From the time of altering course to the N.E. my attention
was given to dodging enemy's salvoes by steering towards the
last fall of shot; thus maintaining the mean course to the
N. Eastward, and keeping enemy's salvoes falling alternately
on either side, on account of the constantly changing deflections.
This was apparently successful, as regards saving the ship from
a large amount of further serious damage. In the last few
minutes I beheve she was seldom hit, but the changes of ship's
course rendered it impossible for the after guns to make effective
shooting, even if the guns' crews had been in a fit state and
sufficient numbers to do so. But it was obvious to me that
" Chester " was smothered with enemy's fire, and I considered
only the best way of getting out of action, withour further heavy
loss, by zigzagging and taking shelter to the North Eastward
of the Battle Cruisers.

1 The Commanding Officer H.M.S. "Chester" on 13th June 1916,
reported that it appeared "that the leading German Light Cruiser fired
two salvoes before ' Chester ' fij-ed.' " He also stated that "it appears
likely that the three enemy Light Cruisers concerned were the ' Wiesbaden,'
• Frankfurt,' and ' PiUau.' "

lt)0 BATTLE OF JUTLAND:

14. After 10 minutes under fire, as observed in the trans-
mitting station, " Chester " crossed the bows of " Invincible "
and took station on her starboard bow. The last enemy salvo
was fired about the time " Chester " passed " Invincible,"
and took station on her starboard bow. The Battle cruisers
opened fire on enemy light cruisers shortly before this.

15. " Chester " remained to North Eastward of 3rd B.C.S.
for a short time, and when they went into heavy action shortly
afterwards, took station astern of " Minotaur's " squadron further
to the Eastward, remaining with them. I reported condition
of ship and casualties to R.A. " Minotaur " during the night,
and was ordered to Humber by signal from him at dayhght,
June 1st.

16. My opinion is that all enemy salvoes were fired by
director. Considering that there were three enemy ships, the
rate of fire was perhaps not great. Spread for both elevation
and direction was small. Range was thoroughly well maintained,
but correction for deflection was evidently difficult. I do not
estimate the rate of fire of any one shij) higher than one salvo
every 45 sees., and if three ships were not firing all the time, it
was slower than this. There were usually four or five shots
per salvo.

17. The behaviour of officers and ship's comf)any was
admirable. I propose to forward a fuUer report on this and
other matters when I have had further opportunity of consulting
with officers of the ship.

18. The principal items of serious damage to material are : —

1. Three guns disabled.

2. After control destroyed.

3. Whaler and one cutter smashed, and some other boats

damaged.

4. Forecastle deck holed and splintered in many places.

5. Large amount of electrical circuits and voice pipes

(including fire control) damaged.

6. All funnels holed, foremost funnel very badly.

7. Forebridge considerably damaged.

8. All rigging in a bad state.

9. Three holes in armour, and damage to frames behind

these.

10. Two holes in side above armour.

11. E.R. ventilation trunks wrecked, and forecastle deck

fittings generally much damaged.

12. Two boilers, shght damage to tubes from splinters.

13. Number of small steam and water pipes holed and

shot away.

19. Since drafting the above, I am informed that Commander
Forbes (seriously wounded and in hospital) stated that he is

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 191

sure that there was a fourth enemy light cruiser engaged, besides
one destroyer. I am not yet able to confirm this.

I have the honour to be

Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
The Secretary to the ROB. N. LAWSON.

Admiralty. Captain.

Submitted for information.

Copies of this letter have been forwarded to Admiralty,
C.-in-C. H.F., and R.A. Falmouth.

Vice- Admii al Commanding,

Battle Cruiser Fleet. ROB. N. LAWSON,

Captain,

5th June 1916.

192 BATTLE OF JUTLAND

REAR-ADMIRAL'S REPORT.— 5th BATTLE SQUADRON.

Enclosure No. 16 to Battle Cruiser Fleet Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.

No. 024A.

" Queen Elizabeth,"
Sir, 9th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward herewith report on the
Action of the 31st May, together with reports from ships of the
5th Battle Squadron.

2. My recommendations of Officers and Men will be forwarded
later when reports are received from H.M. Ships " Malaya "
and " Bar ham."

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

HUGH EVAN THOMAS,
The Commander-in-Chief, Rear Admiral.

The Grand Fleet.

No. 024.

" Queen Elizabeth,"
Sir, 9th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report that, on 31st May 1916,
when in Latitude 57° N,, Longitude 4° 45' 30" E., at 2.23 p.m.,
the Fifth Battle Squadron, consisting of " Barham " (Captain
Arthur W. Craig) bearing my Flag, " Valiant " (Captain Maurice
Woollcombe), " Warspite " (Captain Edward M. Phillpotts), and
" Malaya " (Captain the Hon. Algernon D. E. H. Boyle, C.B.,
M.V.O.), in single line ahead in the order named, and accompanied
by the •' Fearless " (Captain Charles D. Roper), " Defender "
(Lieut. -Commander Lawrence R. Palmer), " Acheron " (Com-
mander Charles G. Ramsey), " Ariel " (Lieut. -Commander Arthur
G. Tippet), " Attack " (Lieut.-Commander Charles H. Neill
James), " Hydra " (Lieutenant Francis G. Glossop), " Badger "
(Commander Theodore E. J. Bigg), " Lizard " (Lieut.-Commander
Edward Brooke), " Goshawk " (Commander George H. Knowles),
" Lapwing " (Lieutenant Hubert W. D. Griffith), was five miles
N.N.W. of the First Battle-cruiser Squadron, steering N. by E.,
when a W/T signal was intercepted from " Galatea " — " Enemy
in sight," upon which the Battle-cruiser Fleet and Fifth Battle
Squadron were turned to S.S.E. by signal from the Vice Admiral
Commanding the Battle-cruiser Fleet ar\d speed increased to
25 knots.

2. At 3.50 p.m., some light cruisers were sighted before the
port beam, steering about S.S.E. ; these were made out to be
enemy vessels, but not without difficulty owing to mist. The
" Fearless " and destroyer screen were stationed astern, not

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 193

having speed to go ahead, and when the range was clear a signal
was made to open fire at 3.56 p.m. After two salvoes short, one
cruiser appeared to be straddled — range 19,000 — upon which
the enemy turned away about 8 points and, after one or two
more salvoes had been fired, were not seen again. - -

3. About this time the battle-cruisers in hne ahead were
heavily engaged with what afterwards proved to be the enemy
battle-cruisers.

4. At 4.02 p.m., the " Indefatigable " blew up, the remaining
ships altering course gradually to the South-eastward; the
enemy also turned to the South-eastward, which enabled the
Fifth Battle Squadi-on to gain on them, and at 4.06 fire was
opened at an estimated range of 19,000 yards. At 4,08, a signal
was made for Fifth Battle Squadron to concentrate in jDairs on the
two rear enemy ships.

5. The Hght was very difficult, the targets being constantly
obscured, and seldom were more than one or two ships visible at
a time. Often only the flashes of the enemy's guns could be
seen, while to the South-westward — the direction of Fifth Battle
Squadron from the enemy — the destroyers, which were trjdng to
get ahead some distance off, were silhouetted against a clear
horizon.

6. About this time two distinct explosions were seen, and a
second battle-cruiser, ahead of the Fifth Battle Squadron, blew
up (ascertained to be " Queen Mary ").

7. At 4.21 p.m., the enemy opened fire on the Fifth Battle
Squadi'on, " Barham " being hit at 4.23.

8. From 4.21 p.m. to 4.40 p.m., firing was intermittent,
owing to the great difficulty in seeing the enemy.

9. At 4.40 p.m., enemy destroyers were observed to be
attacking, and were driven off by our Ught cruisers and destroyers
attached to the battle-cruiser fleet. The Squadron was turned
away by "' Preparative Flag," and torpedoes were observed to
cross the line — one ahead and one astern of " Valiant," the
second ship.

10. About this time the Fifth Battle Squadron was heavily
engaged with the enemy battle-cruisers. " Lion " and battle-
cruisers were observed to have turned to the Northward, and
the enemy battle-cruisers to have turned away.

11. At 4.50 p.m., "Lion" approached the Fifth Battle
Squadron steering to the Northward, with the signal flying to
the Fifth Battle Squadron — " Turn 16 points in succession to
starboard " ; this turn was made after our battle-cruisers had
passed at 4.53, and the Fifth Battle Squadron altered course a
httle further to starboard to follow and support the battle-
cruisers. During this turn, it appears that " Malaya," the last
ship of the fine, sighted the enemy's battle fleet ; it was .sighted
by " Barham " approximately S.S.E. a few minutes after she had
steadied on her Northerly course.

194 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

12. At 4.56 p.m., " Barham's " auxiliary W/T office was
wrecked by the explosion of a shell on the main deck, and the
Warrant Telegraphist and all the operators killed.

13. The enemy's battle-cruisers appeared to have turned
again to the Northward at about the same time as the Fifth
Battle Squadron.

14. " Barham " and " VaUant " continued to engage the
enemy's battle-cruisers, while " Warspite " and " Malaya " fired
at the head of the enemy's battle fleet, at a guessed range of
17,000 yards, which proved to be about 19,000 yards.

15. At about 5.25 p.m.., the signal was made to increase to
utmost speed, and course was altered a little to starboard to
support the battle-cruisers The enemy ships were constantlj^
obscured by mist and were only seen at intervals.

16. At 5.00 p.m., " Barham's " main W/T was put out of
action by the explosion of a shell which cut the feeders.

17. At 6.06 p.m., "Marlborough" was sighted on the port
bow, steering E.S.E., but no other ships were seen for some
minutes, and then only those astern of her. It was therefore
concluded that this was the head of our battle line, and that tiie
Fifth Battle Squadron would be able tc form ahead of the battle
fleet.

18. At 6.19 p.m., however, other ships were sighted, and it
was observed that the Grand Fleet was deploying to the North-
east, the sixth division being the starboard mng column. It
therefore became necessary to make a large turn to port to form
astern of the "Marlborough's " division, and to prevent masldng
the fire of the battle fleet. This was done without signal, and all
ships were exceedingly well handled by their Captains, and came
into line by turning with " Barham " in the quickest possible
time.

19. During this turn ships came under a heavy fire from the
enemy's leading battleships, but the shooting was not good and
very few hits were made. At this time " Warspite's " helm
jambed, causing her to continue her turn straight towards the
enemy's battle fleet. However, by good handHng, although hit
sevei al times while approaching the enemy's line, she was enabled
to get away to the Northward. I subsequently ordered her to
proceed to Rosyth on receipt of report of her damage.

20. At 6.30 p.m., the Fifth Battle Squadron (less " Warspite ")
was formed astern of " Agincourt " and in the battle line.

21. Up to this time, " Barham " had been hit six times, all
by battle -cruisers. " VaUant," no hits. " Malaya," seven hits,
probably three by battle cruisers and four by battleships.
" Warspite " had been hit twice before her helm jambed, and
she turned towards the enemy's line.

22. With regard to the damage done to the enemy up to the
time of joining the Grand Fleet, it is difficult to be definite oAAing
to the thick haze to the Eastward. The enemy battle-cruisers
were frequently straddled, as reported by all ships.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 195

After forming astern of our battle line,

" Malaya " reports, at 7.20 p.m., one enemy's ship dropped
astern obscured in smoke — range, 10,400 yards. " Prepared to
open fire on an enemy's battleship very low in the water and
dropping astern. According to two officers, she suddenly
disappeared without an explosion." At 7.40 p.m., an enemy
destroyer was seen to sink.

" Valiant " reports at 6.25 p.m., four enemy ships on fire at
the head of the line, one enemy Dreadnought stopped and
disabled. At 6.41 p.m., three heavy columns of smoke seen on
the starboard bow. At 7.08 p.m., enemy ship of " Roon " class
heavily hit. At 7,18, enemy's leading ship on fire.

" Barham " reports the rear battle-cruiser (" Seydlitz " ?)
was damaged before " Barham " opened fire, and was straddled
once by " Barham." The fore-top director officer reports that
a hit was obtained at this straddle.

The second battle -cruiser (" Moltke ") was frequently
straddled, but only hits with common shell (three to five) were
made out with certainty.

Three enemy battleships were observed to be under a heavy
fire in the last stage of the action — one was hit simultaneously
by two shells, and another was on fire amidships.

At this time several of the control party in the fore-top
independently observed an enemy battleship blow up, and a
gap in the line after it. " Barham " obtained at least three hits
on a battleship of the " Kaiser " class.

An enemy cruiser (" Roon " class?) was disabled and under
a heavy fire from many ships about 6.15 to 6.30 p.m.

23. After joining the Grand Fleet the Fifth Battle Squadron
conformed to the movements of the Commander-in-Chief,
engaging the rear ships of the enemy's battle fleet until they
turned away and went out of sight, all ships apparently covering
themselves with artificial smoke.

24. At about 7.18 p.m., observed "Marlborough" hit by
torpedo. The squadron turned away to the Northward, avoiding
a torpedo, which passed ahead of " Barham."

At 7.42 p.m., altered course by signal, leading ships of divisions
together to the South, " Marlborough's " division on the port
beam. At 8.00 p.m., turned to the Westward to increase distance
from " Marlborough."

At 10.00 p.m., observing that we had gone a long way ahead
of " Marlborough," the squadron was turned round to regain
station on her, again resuming the course at 10.08. It was
observed, however, that " Marlborough " was going very slowly,
and fearing that the Fifth Battle Squadron would be too far
astern of the fleet in the morning, speed was increased to regain
station.

25. At 10.15 p.m., observed heavy firing a little abaft the
starboard beam, which I surmised to be attacks by enemy
destroyers and light craft on our light cruisers and destroyers.

N 2

196 BATTLE OF JUTLAND:

As destroyers were reported crossing our bow some distance
ahead, the squadron was turned to starboard gradually, and
eventually right round to the course again.

At 10.39, heavy firing was observed on the starboard quarter,
and destroyers appeared to be attacking the cruisers. At 11.35,
a further attack was seen farther off nearly right astern.

26. No further incident occurred until the Second Battle
Squadron was observed ahead about three to five miles at early
dawn. When the fleet was turned to the Northward, the Fifth
Battle Squadron kept station on the Second Battle Squadron
until ordered by the Commander-in-Chief to take station on the
beam of the starboard wing division.

27. Track charts are enclosed, also diagrams, to show as
nearly as possible the relative positions of the Fifth Battle
Squadron and the enemy at twelve different phases of the action,
as well as the rough position of our battle-cruisers ; but the
distances between our battle-cruisers and the enemy are not
known, so the diagram must not be taken to represent their true
position.

28. Recommendations of officers and men whom I wish to
bring to your notice are being made the subject of a separate
letter.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

HUGH EVAN THOMAS,

Rear Admiral Commanding
Fifth Battle Squadron.
The Vice Admiral Commanding
Battle- cruiser Fleet.

No. 024.

" Queen EHzabeth,"
Sir, 18th June 1916.

With reference to paragraph 21 of my report on the
action of 31st May 1916, the statement " Malaya " was hit
seven times, probably three by battle-cruisers and four by
battleships," is not correct.

2. This statement was based on the impression I received
when going round " Malaya " on her arrival at Scapa Flow.

3. " Malaya " now reports that all her hits were from the
enemy's battle fleet ; it is therefore submitted that the words in
the third line of paragraph 21 of my report betAveen " hits " and
the second " by " may be deleted, and the word " all "
substituted.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

HUGH EVAN THOMAS,

Rear Admiral Commanding
The Commander-in-Chief, Fifth Battle Squadron.

Grand Fleet.

I - 31 . 5 . 16.

\le Cruisers approximate on/y.

r/a/rj6:

{1&.J

Enemy

Battle

Cruisers

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197

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DIAGRAM ILLUSTRATING TWELVE PHASES OF ACTION j_3K^_ 16

NOTE:- Range of Enemy from British Battle Cruisers not known.- Position of Brit.sh Battle Cruisers ap'pr'^ete only

SCALE I" TO 8000 YDS

l^'-BCS Z"''BCS

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OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 197

SCHEDULE OF ENCLOSURES TO FIFTH BATTLE
SQUADRON SUBMISSION No. 024 of 9th JUNE 1916 TO
THE VICE-ADMIRAL COMMANDING BATTLE -CRUISER

FLEET.

1. Track charts (2).i

2. Diagram.-

3. " Barhain's " report of the action dated 6th June with
track chart^ and two enclosures.

4. " Warspite's " report of the action with track chart.*

5. " VaUant's " report of the action dated 3rd June with
track chart^ (tripHcate only — original and duphcate forwarded
direct to Vice- Admiral Commanding Battle-cruiser Fleet).

6. " Vahant's " letter of 5th June 1916— Gunnery and
Torpedo Notes.

7. " Malaya's " report on the action dated 6th June with
six enclosures A to F (including track chart).®

CAPTAINS REPORT.— H.M.S. " BARHAM."
No. 181.

H.M.S. "Barham,"
Sir, 6th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward herewith a report on the
action of 31st May 1916, in which H.M. Ship under my command
flying your flag took part.

2. The recording of details is not so full or accurate as I
should have wished. This is partly due to the fact that
Lieutenant Reginald Edward Blyth, R.N., Assistant Navigator,
who was in the lower conning tower for the purpose, was
mortally wounded about 1 hour after the engagement opened.
Mr. Alec Edward Dodington, Midshipman, R.N., who worked
with him, was afterwards entirely occupied in keeping the
reckoning, which he did in a highly creditable maimer under
difficult circumstances.

3. Whilst the general trend of the action remains clearly fixed
in the memory, it is impossible to reconstruct it strategically or
tactically, owing to the difficulty of seeing the enemy, and to
the lack of knowledge of the movements or positions of our o\\ai
squadrons.

It is considered of great importance that in a squadron
flagship, an Assistant Navigating Lieutenant should be per-
manently borne who will be able not only to keep an accurate
reckoning continuously, but also to note tactical data. The
importance of a reliable position after action cannot be over-
estimated, and during action a continuous plot of our own and
the enemy's tracks may be invaluable in avoiding mines or in
deciding in a tactical or strategical movement.

1 Receipt cannot be traced at the Admiralty. ^ Plate 16.

3 Plate 10a. * Plate 17. ^ Plate 18. « Plate 1»

196

ahei

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and
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Sir,

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OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 197

SCHEDULE OF ENCLOSURES TO FIFTH BATTLE
SQUADRON SUBMISSION No. 024 of 9th JUNE 1916 TO
THE VICE-ADMIRAL COMMANDING BATTLE-CRUISER

FLEET.

1. Track charts (2).i

2. Diagram."

3. " Barham's " report of tlie action dated 6th June with
track chart^ and two enclosures.

4. " Warspite's " report of the action with track chart.*

5. " VaUant's " report of the action dated 3rd June with
track chart^ (tripHcate only — original and dupHcate forwarded
direct to Vice-Admiral Commanding Battle-cruiser Fleet).

6. " Valiant's " letter of r)th June 1916 — Gunnery and
Torpedo Notes.

7. " Malaya's " report on the action dated 6th June with
six enclosures A to F (including track chart).*

CAPTAIN'S REPORT.— H.M.S. " BARHAM."

No. 181.

H.M.S. "Barham,"
Sir, 6th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward herewith a report on the
action of 31st May 1916, in which H.M. Ship under my command
flying your flag took part.

2. The recording of details is not so full or accurate as I
should have wished. This is partly due to the fact that
Lieutenant Reginald Edward Blyth, R.N., Assistant Navigator,
who was in the lower conning tower for the purpose, was
mortaUy wounded about 1 hour after the engagement opened.
Mr. Alec Edward Dodington, Midshipman, R.N., who worked
with him, was afterwards entirely occupied in keeping the
reckoning, which he did in a highly creditable manner under
difficult circumstances.

It is considered of great importance that in a squadron
flagship, an Assistant Navigating Lieutenant should be per-
manently borne who will be able not only to keep an accurate
reckoning continuously, but also to note tactical data. The
importance of a rehable position after action cannot be over-
estimated, and during action a continuous plot of our own and
the enemy's tracks may be invaluable in avoiding mines or in
deciding in a tactical or strategical movement.

1 Receipt cannot be traced at the Admiralty. ^ Plate 16.

3 Plate 10a. * Plate 17. '= Plate 18. « Plate 1»

198 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

4. Although the " Barham " received considerable structural
damage from the enemy's shells, and the casualties were fairly
heavy, the shij) was in a thoroughly efficient fighting condition,
and had all guns in actipn and fire control practically intact
at the end of three hours' engagement. This reflects great
credit on the Officers responsible for the upkeep of the
propelhng machinery and of the guns' mountings and electrical
equipment.

5. During the engagement, the behaviour of the Officers and
men was entirely praiseworthy, and their duties were carried
out in a cool and inteUigent manner, under, in some cases, very
trying situations.

1 * * * * *

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

A. W. CRAIG,
Rear Admiral Commanding Captain.

Fifth Battle Squadron.

ENCLOSURE TO " BARHAM'S " LETTER No. 181 OF

6th JUNE 1916.

Report of Action of 31st May 1916.

Disposition and courses prior to Action.

Noon position 56° 49' 5 N., Long. 3° 28' E.

Fifth Battle Squadron ("Barham," " Vahant," "War-
spite," " Malaya ") 5 miles astern of 1st B.C.S. (" Lion,"
" Princess Royal," " Queen Mary," " Tiger").

2nd B.C.S. (" New Zealand," " Indefatigable ") some dis-
tances on Port Beam of 1st B.C.S.

Course S. 81 E. advancing 18 knots.

2.15 p.m. course N. by E. 5th B.C.S. 5 miles ahead of " Lion,"
ordered to look out for advanced Cruisers of Grand Fleet.

2.38 p.m. S.S.E. 22 knots in consequence of 1st L.C.S.
reporting enemy cruiser S.S.E. at 2.35 p.m.

The Battle Cruiser Squadron turned rather before the
5th Battle Squadron and were out of sight for some time.

Hauled round gradually to N.E. following motions of Battle
Cruiser Fleet, and then back to eastward, the enemy Light
Cruisers being sighted at 3.50 on this course, and shortly after,
two Battle Cruisers all steering to S.E. Speed now 24 knots.

2. Our Destroyer escort on the enemy side attempting to
pass ahead of " Barham " prevented fire being opened until
3.58, when the two enemy Light Cruisers (Kolberg type) were
engaged, range 17,000. These turned away 8 points after the
third salvo and it is not thought that they were hit.

^ Part omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c., in no way bearing on the com'se of the action.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 199

3. At 4.11, fire was opened with director salvoes on the
rear (left hand) Battle Cruiser, which had smoke issuing from
her, and seemed damaged, bearing 35°, Red, Range 19,000.
This ship was straddled, but hits could not be seen with
certainty.

4. Fifth Battle Squadron were now following the 1st and
2nd Battle Cruiser Squadrons, about 5 miles astern of them and
gradually hauled round to the southward, bringing enemy Battle
Cruisers nearly abeam. About 4.16 " Barham "' sliif ted to second
ship from the left (" Moltke "') and the squadron were ordered
to concentrate in pairs on the two left-hand ships. The enemy
presented a fair target at range of 18,000-17,000 yards, and was
frequently straddled. Three certain hits only were seen, but
after we started using A. P. Lyddite, hits could not be seen.
This would naturally be the case, however, and it was noted
that the enemy hits on " Barham," though doing great internal
damage, did not show outside the ship.

6. Towards the latter part of the southerly run, the
visibiUty of the enemy got considerably worse, the ships being
the same colour as the background. Two terrific explosions were
seen amongst our Battle Cruisers ahead at about 4.10 and 4.24
respectively, and the WTeckage of these vessels (" Indefatigable "
and " Queen Mary ") was passed about ten to twelve minutes
later, with a number of men in the water which were being
rescued by Destroj^ers.

During tliis part of the Action " Barham " was under a
steady fire from the enemy, but was only hit twice, one below
the water fine, doing practically no damage.

7. About 4.45 p.m. the 1st and 2nd Battle Cruiser Squadrons
turned in succession 16 points to Port, and it was seen that the
enemy Battle Cruisers had turned also, and that some of the
German's 3rd Squadron were coming up astern of them. The
" Lion " turned 16 points to Port, the other three Battle
Cruisers following her and Vice Admiral Battle Cruiser Fleet
ordered 5th Battle Squadron to turn 16 points in succession to
starboard. This was done at 4.53 and the squadi'on hauled in
again astern of the Battle Cruisers about two miles.

8. The range was now about 19,000 to 20,000, but the enemy
could rarely be seen, though the flashes of his salvoes were very
bright. These salvoes Avere very rapid ripples (almost simul-
taneous), and it was not possible to lay on them, as they were
gone before the sights were on the spot. Our fire was therefore
intermittent, and any enemy which showed up for long range
enough to lay on was selected. On the other hand, it appeared
looldng at the horizon and sky behind us, that we should be
very clear to the enemy and offer at times a splendid target.

^ See note on p. 381.

2(»0 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

9. Shortly after turning, the ship was hit by a heavy shell
which entered the glacis before No. 1 6-in. gun starboard and
abreast the after end of " B " turret redoubt armour. This
shell burst at the main deck over the Medical .Store, completely
^vrecking the Auxiliary W/T Office and the Medical Store, and
jDutting the starboard forward Hydraulic Pump out of action.
The bulk of the Medical Stores, stretchers, &c., were destroyed,
and heav}^ casualties occurred amongst the Medical Part}^ and
the Wireless Staff. The 6-in. Hand Ups and Dredger Hoist
starboard, and the Dredger Hoist Port were penetrated, and the
flash of the shell passed up to the battery deck and ignited some
cartridges in S. 2 casemate, causing severe casualties.

Large pieces of the shell also penetrated the middle deck,
and a piece entering the Lower Conning Tower mortally
wounded Lieutenant Blyth, Assistant Navigating Officer. The
Platform Deck, forming the roof of the forward 6-in. Magazine
was also pierced, and the 6-in. Magazine and Shell Room filled
wdth smoke. There were three other heav}^ hits during this part
of the Action, but the first is described in detail, as it was much
more vital than the remainder, and might have easily put the
Lower Conning Tower out of Action. As it was, it put the
Auxifiary W/T and starboard fore Hydraulic Pump out of Action
and cut a number of fire control voice pipes, and the pipes to the
port steering engine Telemotor.

10. " Barham " was now without wireless communication
as the Auxiliary Office was completely wrecked, and the Main
W/T feeder and Action feeder had gone, consequently the
position of our Battlefleet was hot known until a part of them
were sighted before the Port Beam shortly after 6 p.m. Thjs
turned out to be the 1st Battle Squadron who were on the right
wing of the Battlefleet, and as they deployed to starboard on an
easterly course, 5th Battle Squadron hauled round to a parallel
course, following the Battle Cruisers. The oth Battle Squadron
were now blanking the range for 1st Battle Squadi-on, and it
was a question as to whether 5th Battle Squadron should
endeavour to follow the Battle Cruisers to the head of the fine
or form astern of " Marlborough's " Division. The Rear- Admiral
decided on the latter alternative, and '" Barham " led in turning
about 8 points to port and reducing speed. The leading enemy
Battle Squadron (" Konigs ") seeing this, opened a terrific fire
on the turning jjoint, and " Barham " was surrounded by a
hailstorm of splashes, but no hits of importance were made.
The " Warsjiite " was now seen to be dropping astern and
reported that she had been holed several times under water and
was steering from engine-room.

It should be mentioned that just before turning into fine
astern of our Battle Fleet, the Armoured Cruisers " Defence "
and " Black Prince " came down at high speed between the
5th Battle Squadron and the enemy and al30ut 1 mile from
5th Battle Squadron steering in the opposite direction. " De-

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 201

fence " was hit by two heavy salvoes in succession, and blowing
up, sank in a few minutes. '" Black Prince " was heavily hit
aft and turned out of Action, apparently in a sinking condition.

11. " Barham " formed astern of " Agincourt " and opened
fire again, first at a partially disabled enemy ship believed to
be a three-funnel Cruiser, and then at an enemy Battleship of
" Koiiig " type, second from right of those visible. The range
was partly obscured by smoke from our own Battleships' guns
and funnels, and it was only possible to sight the enemy
intermittently, and spotting was very difficult. It appeared,
however, that several hits were obtained on a ship of the
" Kaiser " class. During this period, at least four torpedoes
passed through the line close to " Barham," and were avoided
by turning awa3^ A submarine also attacked and was fired
on by the 6-in. guns. The attack apparently failed. Enemy
Destroyers made an attack from the head of their line, and fire
was opened on them from 6-in. guns. One was apparently hit.

About 6.50 p.m. the enemy were lost to view, and fire ceased.

Fifth Battle Squadron then stood to the westward on the
right wing of the Battle Fleet, and eventually turned to the
southward, astern of the line.

During the night there appeared to be constant attacks by
Torpedo Craft on ships, first to the westward and then to the
northward, and about 0.45 a.m. an immense explosion was seen
to the N.N.E. No attack was made on 5th Battle Squadron.

A tracing shoAving the " Barham's " track^ during the Action
with notations of the principal events is forwarded herewith
It is proposed to forward as soon as possible a detailed account
of the damage received, and further details of the Action, together
with proposals for the future, based on the experience of this
Action. Also the names of Officers and men who especially
distinguished themselves, or who are recommended for meri-
torious conduct.

A. W. CRAIG,

Captain.

ENCLOSURE No. 2 TO " BARHAJVI'S " LETTER No. 181
OF 6th JUNE 1916.

Notes on Damage to the Enemy.

1. Rear Battle Cruiser, This ship was damaged before " Bar-

" Seydlitz." ? ham " opened fire, and was strad-

dled once by " Barham." The fore-
top director officer reports that a
hit was obtained at this straddle.

2. Second Battle Cruiser, This ship was frequently straddled,

" Moltke." but only hits with common shell

(3 to 6) were made out with
certainty.

1 Plate lOcf.

202 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

3. Enemy Battleships - 3 of these were observed to be under

a heavy fire in the last stage of
the action — one was hit simul-
taneously by 2 shells, and another
was on fire amidships.

At this time several of the control party in fore-top indepen-
dently observed an enemy battleship blow up, and a gap in the
line after it. " Barham " obtained at least three hits on a
battleship of " Kaiser " class.

4. Enemj^ Cruiser, Disabled and under heavy fire from

" Roon " class (?). many ships about 6.15 to 6.30 p.m.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT.— H.M.8. " WARSPITE."

H.M.S. " Warspite,"
Sir, 4th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to submit the following combined
diary of events and report on action of Wednesday, 3 1st May, and
Thursday, 1st June, 1916 :—

2. The enemy was sighted at 3.50 p.m. at the time when the
engagement commenced between the battle cruiser fleets.

3. On the signal being received from " Barham " to open
fire " Warspite " waited to see at which ship " Barham " was
firing, and at 4.2 p.m. fire was opened on the second light cruiser
from the van (second from the right) — range, 18,500 yards.
She was straddled and turned away either on fire or using smoke
protection. On the signal to attack the enemy's battle
cruisers, and concentration signal 2P being received, fire was
shifted to the rear battle cruiser; range, 19,500; she was
straddled several times, turned away, and eventually got out
of range.

Fire was then shifted to another battle cruiser; result
unknown.

4. As the 5th Battle Squadron turned to the northward at
4.55 p.m. the enemy's battle squadron was sighted, and as their
battle cruisers were very bad targets owing to visibility, the
leading ship of the enemj^'s battle fleet was engaged ; range 17,000.
Only a few salvoes were fired, but it is believed that she was
straddled after the second salvo ; the target was then right
aft and fire was checked.

5. For the next half hour fire was intermittent and ineffective
on the enemy battle cruisers owing to low visibiHty causing great
difficulty in selection of target.

6. At 6 p.m. the Grand Fleet was sighted, and course was
altered to the south eastward in the wake of " Barham."

At 6.18 p.m. course was altered to the northward, following
the motions of " Barham " and " Valiant," but as we were
apparently closing " Malaya " I ordered Port 20°, and then the
steering gear commenced to give trouble.

PLcLie 17.

6°

57'

Tff,
3.4
5.0.
6.0.
6.0
AP/

e./i

O 8 30 p.m.

6.18

57'

5.40

OB30p.r

TRACK OF M.M.S. WARSPITE FROM 2 P.M. TILL 6.18 P.M. 31^^ MAY I9ie
3.41. P.M. ENEMY REPORTED IN SIGHT BY H. M.S. BARHAM BEARING EAST
5.0.PM H.M.S. WARSPITE SIGHTED ENEMY'S BATTLEFLEET S.S.E.iE.
6.0.P.M H.M.S. BARHAM REPORTED " ■' S.S.E

6-0. P.M. H.M.S. WARSPITE. SIGHTED GRAND FLEET NORTH

APPROXIMATE POSITION OF WRECK OF H.M.S, QUEEN MARY 56° 37' N 5'. I-IE

•I ■• ■• ■■ M.MS. INDEFATIGABLE56° 50'/V 5°3B'£

e.l8. P.M STEERING GEAR BROKE DOWN.

56.41 N.
4. «0f

1^,
^^t.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 203

7. I have been unable to ascertain the exact cause of the
trouble, as subsequent events followed rapidly in succession,
and " Warspite " closed the enemy's battle fleet so rapidly that
she came under a very heavy fire. However, after careful
investigation I have elucidated the following facts : —

(a) The thrust bearing on the steering engine heated,
probabty owing to the ship having been hit about this
time, but it was impossible to distinguish in the Conning
Tower between hits and shell falhng close alongside.

The result of this was a slowing up of the steering engine.

(6) Taking into consideration that the ship was steaming
25 knots at the time, the helm was put over far too quickly.

(c) The telemotor gearing from the lower conning
tower to engine room was bent, probably as a result of
(a) and (b) above.

8. " Warspite " shaved close under " Valiant's " stern, and
every attempt was made by helm and engines to bring her head
back to port with the dire result that she only closed the head
of the enemy's battle fleet at decreasing speed. I then decided
to go full-speed ahead, and continued the turn to starboard;
I am unable to give further details, except that I managed to
get away to the northward after practically turning two circles
under the concentrated fire of several of the enemy's battle-
ships.

During this time centralised control was impossible, but fire
was kept up by all turrets on local control. Closest range was
estimated to be about 12,000 yards, and the ship was badly
damaged by shell fire, but not completely disabled.

I then attempted to take station astern of '' Malaya," but
before arriving at 5 cables distance I realised that the ship was
still unmanageable, so I withdrew to the northward to shift
over steering gear to some other position. The after steering
compartment was reported flooded, so the steering position at
the engine itself was adopted.

8. A rough survey of the damage by gunfire was made, and
I considered that owing to the danger of flooding the engine
rooms a moderate speed only was safe for the time ; I conse-
quently reported to the Senior Officer 5th Battle Squadron that
" Warspite " could steam 16 knots and requested the position
of the battle fleet. I received orders to proceed to Rosyth.

9. I shaped course accordingly at 8.30 p.m., steaming 16
knots, and every endeavour was made to plug holes and shore
bulkheads.

Speed was gradually increased until 9.35 a.m. 1st June, when,
whilst zigzagging at 19 knots, two torpedoes passed close to
the ship, one on either side ; but no periscope was seen, as owing
to a southerly breeze there were manj^ " white horses " on the
surface of the water. Speed was then increased to 21 knots
and subsequently to 22 knots, and a signal was made to the
Commander-in-Chief, Rosyth, that " Warspite " had been

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 203

(a) The thrust bearing on the steering engine heated,
probably owing to the ship having been hit about this
time, but it was impossible to distinguish in the Conning
Tower between hits and shell falling close alongside.

The result of this was a slowing up of the steering engine.

(6) Taking into consideration that the ship was steaming
25 knots at the time, the helm was put over far too quickly.

(c) The telemotor gearing from the lower conning
tower to engine room was bent, probably as a result of
(a) and (b) above.

8. " Warspite " shaved close under " Valiant's " stern, and
every attempt was made by helm and engines to bring her head
back to port with the dire result that she only closed the head
of the enemy's battle fleet at decreasing speed. I then decided
to go full-speed ahead, and continued the turn to starboard ;
I am unable to give further details, except that I managed to
get away to the northward after practically turning two circles
under the concentrated fire of several of the enemy's battle-
ships.

During this time centralised control M'as impossible, but fire
was kept up by all turrets on local control. Closest range was
estimated to be about 12,000 yards, and the ship was badly
damaged by shell fire, but not completely disabled.

8. A rough survey of the damage by gunfire was made, and
I considered that owing to the danger of flooding the engine
rooms a moderate speed only was safe for the time; I conse-
quently reported to the Senior Officer 5th Battle Squadron that
" Warspite " could steam 16 knots and requested the position
of the battle fleet. I received orders to proceed to Rosyth.

9. I shaped course accordingly at 8.30 p.m., steaming 16
knots, and every endeavour was made to plug holes and shore
bulkheads.

Speed was gradually increased until 9.35 a.m. 1st June, when,
whilst zigzagging at 19 knots, two torpedoes passed close to
the ship, one on either side ; but no periscope was seen, as owing
to a southerly breeze there were man}^ " white horses " on the
surface of the water. Speed was then increased to 21 knots
and subsequently to 22 knots, and a signal was made to the
Commander-in-Chief, Rosyth, that " Warspite " had been

204 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

attacked by two submarines, and was proceeding to Rosyth
without escort.

An escort of torpedo boats and destroyers was sent, but
just as the first two were sighted at 11.42 a.m., another submarine
showed lier periscope close under the bows. Orders were given
to increase to full speed, and to put the helm over to ram her,
but owing to the length of time required to transmit the orders
to the engine-room steering position she was missed by a few
yards.

I then zigzagged at full speed from the spot where the
periscope was last seen, and saw no more of the submarine.

9. This increase of speed necessitated re-shoring up, and
consequently speed was reduced at 0.20 p.m., when escort had
joined up.

10. " Warspite " arrived at Rosyth at 3.15 p.m., and
proceeded straight into dock.

1 * * * * ti

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

E. M. PHILLPOTTS,

Captain.
The Rear- Admiral Commanding
Fifth Battle Squadron.

H.M.S. "VaHant," c/o G.P.O., London,
Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward heremth a report which I
have to-day transmitted to the Vice-Admiral Commanding
Battle Cruiser Fleet, in compliance -with his signal of 2nd June
1916. The report was forwarded to the Vice-Admiral in
duplicate.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

M. WOOLLCOMBE,
The Rear- Admiral Commanding Captain.

Fifth Battle Squadron.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT, H.M.S. "VALIANT.

H.M.S. " VaUant," c'o G.P.O., London,
2nd June 1916.
Sir,

In compUance with your signal of to-day, 2nd June, 1
have the honour to report as follows on the action of 31st May
1916. All times shown in this report are G.M.T., and all
courses are true.

^ Part omitted, here referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 205

2. About 3.30 p.m., from the reports of our own light
cruisers and the increasing strength of the enemy's wireless
signals, it became evident that we were in close contact with
some part of the German Fleet. By 3.45 p.m. hands were closed
up at their quarters and ready to open fire.

3. At 4.0 p.m. my D.R. position was Lat. 56° 50' N., Long.
5° 31' E., comse 95°, speed 23 knots.

4. The Fifth Battle Squadron was then in single-hne ahead,
with our Battle Cruiser Squadron slightly off our starboard bow,
distant about 4 miles, steering Easterly, and turning in succession
to the Southward. The enemy, consisting of four or five Battle
Cruisers, were bearing Red 40° from " Vahant," range about
22,000 yards. Our Light Cruiser Squadrons were 6 points on
our port bow, distant about 8,000 yards.

5. At 4.1 p.m. H.M.S. " Vahant " opened fire on the enemy,
who were steering approximately south-east, using the second
ship from the right as a target. Shortly after opening fire the
signal was received, " Concentrate in pairs from the rear."
" Vahant " then sliifted her fire on to second ship from the left.

6. At 4.2 p.m. a big explosion was observed on the starboard
bow, and one of our Battle Cruisers disappeared — probably
H.M.S. "Queen Mary"; about five minutes later a similar
explosion was witnessed in the rear of our Battle Cruiser
Squadi'on, and what was probably H.M.S. " Indefatigable "
blew up. This ship did not appear to be undergoing heavy
punishment from gun-fire and, in the opinion of Lieutenant-
Commander May and two other Officers, there were two separate
explosions at short intervals, probably caused by mines or
torpedoes.

7. At 4.6 p.m. our course was altered to 110°.

8. Altered course to 155°.

9. At 4.14 p.m. " Warspite " opened fire.

10. At 4.17 p.m. altered course 140°.

11. At 4.21 p.m. the enemy oi)ened fire on the Fifth Battle
Squadron for the first time, and straddled H.M.S. " Barham."

12. At 4.23 p.m. altered course 164°, and at the same time
" Barham," was hit.

13. At 4.29 p.m. " Vahant," who was shghtly on the star-
board quarter of " Barham," was ordered to take station astern.

14. At 4.31 p.m. altered course 121°.

15. At 4.32 p.m. ship swdnging to starboard, course 170°.

16. At 4.37 p.m. ship swinging slowly to port, course 156°.

17. At 4.41 p.m. we observed an attack on the enemy from
ahead by our fight cruisers and destroyers. Result unknown.

18. At 4.45 p.m. the Fifth Battle Squadron was heavily
engaged.

19. At 4.46 p.m. the ship was severely shaken by one salvo,
which burst just short on the port side aft, and plunging projectiles
may have hit the ship below the water fine. On examination

206 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

on arrival in harbour, it was ascertained that no internal damage
had been caused.

20. At 4.47 p.m. ship turning to starboard, course 172°.

21. At 4.48 p.m. the enemy's salvoes falling astern of
" VaUant."

22. At 4.50 p.m. observed our Battle Cruiser Squadron on
Port bow, steering North.

23. At 4.51 p.m. passed one of our " L " class destroyers
picking up survivors from scattered wreckage of a big ship.
She was not being fired on at the moment, but possibly a good
many shorts, intended for the Fifth Battle Squadron, fell around
her shortly afterwards.

24. At 4.54 p.m. ceased fire pro tern., our Battle Cruisers
blanking us on the Port side.

25. At 4.57 p.m. the Fifth Battle Squadron altered course
16 points to starboard in succession, course 360°, following in
rear of our Battle Cruiser Squadron.

26. At 5.2 p.m. " Barham " was hit amidships between the
funnels.

27. At 5.6 p.m. " VaUant " reopened fire at enemy's Battle
Cruisers, target most indistinct on the starboard beam, the light
at this period of the action was very favourable to the enemy,
silhouetting our ships against the bright sky of the western
horizon, the sun being obscured by clouds at this time. " Valiant "
was now firing at the second ship from the right, but due to
mist and smoke this ship was occasionally obscured and the
plainest target had to be fired at.

28. At 5.9 p.m. altered course 348°. " Barham " hit astern.

29. At 5.11 p.m. the enemy's Battle Squadron appeared
2 points abaft the starboard beam, consisting of about eight
Dreadnoughts, but it was very difficult to determine the exact
number. " Barham " again hit, amidships at this time.

30. At 5.12 p.m. "Valiant" straddled forward and aft, and
the whole of the Fifth Battle Squadron was under heavy fire
from the greatly superior forces of the enemy.

31. At 5.13 p.m. " Valiant " altered course to port and took
up a position on the j)ort quarter of the " Barham," as the Fifth
Battle Squadron at this time was altering course slowly to port
to get astern of our Battle Cruisers, and it was observed that a
very accurate fire was being concentrated on the turning point.
By so doing, the next four salvoes intended for " VaUant "
missed her by 10 yards ahead. At this period the enemy was
keeping up a very rapid and accurate fire, very small spread of
from 50 to 100 yards, range most accurate, but in most cases
missing for direction. It was observed that the splashes from
the big shells were extremely small, seldom rising above the level
of the hull of the ship.

32. At 5.14 p.m. course was now 295° after the turn to port.

PlaJtB 18.

TRACK OF H.M.S.VALIANT"3P7 MAY 1916.

639

8-7

OMUei
i . I

10072. 2f266/PJ/73^S00.l22Q,

MalbyA,Sons Lith

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 207

33. At 5.17 p. in. the enemy was now on the starboard quarter.
The Fifth Battle Squadron was now proceeding " all out " at
25 knots, but the enemy still appeared to be keeping up with us.

34. At 5.17| p.m. altered course 310°.

35. At 5.21 p.m. altered course 325°.

36. At 5.23 p.m. " Barham ' signalled " Proceed at utmost
speed."

37. At 5.24 p.m. enemy was now very indistinct, the sun
shining brightly on our port bow.

38. At 5.26 p.m. the action was gradually being broken off.

39. At 5.29 p.m. one salvo landed just short of " Valiant "
and one just over.

40. At 5.35 p.m. altered course 355°. It was observed that
enemy was now in port quarter line bearing 135° Green.

41. At 5.37 p.m. altered course 360°.

42. At 5.40 p.m. " VaHant " engaging about fourth ship
from the right, being the only ship which was sufficiently visible
to fire at.

43. At 5.43 p.m. our Battle Cruiser Squadron on starboard
bow had now altered course 16 points to the southward and
re-engaged the enemy at long range.

44. At 5.44 p.m. altered course 355°.

45. x4t 5.47 p.m. the Fifth Battle Squadron altered course to
Starboard, course 20°, Avith the idea of re-engaging.

46. At 5.48 p.m. there was a lull in the action, target most
indistinct. Lined up Director, which had got out of step.

47. At 5.53 p.m. light much improved : re-engaged, one
enemy's salvo landed just over " Valiant."

48. At 5.56 p.m. our Battle Cruiser Squadron was now observed
turning to the Eastward mth the apparent idea of heading off
the enemy and crossing his " T."

49. At 6.0 p.m. fired one torpedo from starboard after tube
at German Battlefleet, bearing 140° green, result unknown.

50. At 6.1 p.m. range 19,000 increasing. Altered course 30°.

51. At 6.H p.m. lost sight of the enemy in the mist.

52. At 6.2 p.m. our Battle Cruiser Squadron altered course
to the E.S.E. Lull in action.

53. At 6.5 p.m. observed distant firing on starboard bow.

54. At 6.6 p.m. enemy reappeared, bearing Green 130°.

55. At 6.7 p.m. the Grand Fleet in sight. Observed " Marl-
borough '" leading First Division, bearing Red 10° about three
miles.

56. At 6.10 p.m. altered course 90°.

57. At 6.13 p.m. the Fifth Battle Squadron altering course to
starboard, enemy bearing Green 38°.

58. At 6.14 p.m. " Barham " reopened fire.

59. At 6.15 p.m. " VaUant " reopened fire, action resumed,
enemy firing at our Battle Cruiser Squadron.

60. At 6.17 p.m. enemy bearing Green 50°, range 19,000,
visibihty now very good.

208 BATTLE OF JUTl.AMD :

01. At 6.19 p.m. observed Grand Fleet deploying to port to
the North-East, weather B.C., very little mist.

62. At 6.20 p.m. Fifth Battle Squadron came under heavy
lire ; our Battle Fleet opened fire on the enemy at the same time.
Observed our first and second Cruiser Squadrons crossing from
our port to our starboard bow. As H.M. Ships " Defence,"
" Warrior ' and " Black Prince " came within range of the enemy,
they received a concentrated and extremely hot fire ; the shot
were falling at regular intervals, grouped in salvoes, forming a
danger zone of from 1,000 to 1,500 yards. H.M.S. " Defence "
was smothered in shell fire, the after magazine appeared to blow
up, shortly followed by the foremost one. All the ammunition
then appeared to explode, and the ship blew up and sank.
H.M.S. " Warrior " also entered the danger zone. Shortly after-
wards she came between us and the enemy and was overwhelmed ;
but, in this case, some of the enemy's shooting was bad and
about 2,000 over. A large explosion took place at one end of
the ship and clouds of very dense black smoke poured out, which
undoubtedly screened us but also prevented our seeing the
enemy. H.M.S. " Black Prince," although under the same hot
fire, appeared to come through with but little damage. ,

63. At 6.21 p.m. altered course to port, course 335°.

64. At 6.22 p.m. " Warspite " was observed in difficulties on
the starboard quarter, steering gear evidently broken down.

65. At 6.24 p.m. several salvoes landed just over " Vahant,"
who was also under hot fire from enemy's shrapnel bursting
short, the fore-top, ship's side and funnel being hit.

66. At 6.25 p.m. the Grand Fleet was now fully engaged
and head of the Hne altering course to starboard with the idea
of closing the range. Several fires now broke out simultaneously
at the head of the enemy's battle Hne, four battleships and battle
cruisers observed heavily on fire. An enemy Dreadnought was
also observed to be stopped and disabled on the engaged side of
the enemy's hne; this was probably a German Flagship, as a
light cruiser was seen to go alongside her. Commander (N) saw
one big salvo fall exactly between these two ships just as the
hght cruiser ranged up alongside.

67. At 6.26 p.m. reduced to 18 knots; Fifth Battle Squadron
forming astern of our Battle Fleet, now deploying.

68. At 6.30 p.m. reduced to 14 knots.

69. At 6.32 p.m. '' Warspite " hauled out of the hne to port.

70. At 6.33 p.m. increased to 16 knots.

71. At 6.34 p.m. decreased to 12 knots.

72. At 6.35 p.m. bad kink in rear of our line of battle;
altered course slowly to port.

73. At 6.30 p.m. increased to 14 knots.

74. At 6.39 p.m. altering course slowly to starboard.

75. At 6.40 p.m. line straightened, course 105°.

76. At 6.41 p.m. observed three heavy columns of smoke on
starboard bow, enemy bearing green 16° and now very indistinct.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 209

77. At 6.42 p.m. " Valiant " very close up to " Barham,"
hauled out on latter's port quarter and reduced to slow speed.

78. At 6.49 p.m. increased to 12 knots.

79. At 6.50 p.m. increased to 15 knots.

80. At 6.50i p.m. increased to 18 knots, course 110°. One
enemy ship observed bearing green 93°.

81. At 6.56 p.m. " Preparative " signalled. Altered course
two points to port.

82. At 6.57 p.m. increased to 20| knots.

83. At 6.58 p.m. " Warspite " rejoined the line.

84. At 7.0 p.m. reduced to 18 knots.

85. At 7.2 p.m. altered course 175°, action recommenced.

86. At 7.3 p.m. enemy in sight bearing green 7°.

87. At 7.5 p.m. passed H.M.S. " Acasta " close to on port
side, evidently badly holed, with collision mat over starboard
side and some one standing bj^ her. H.M.S. " Galatea " pro-
ceeding alongside to her assistance. Enemy reopened fire.

88. At 7.6 p.m. course 170°.

89. At 7.8 p.m. armoured cruiser bearing green 60° observed
to be heavily hit. It is thought that this was a German ship of
" Roon " class, but she appeared to be receiving fire of both
friend and foe ahke.

90. At 7.9 p.m. the Grand Fleet altered course, leaders together
to south (magnetic).

91. At 7.10 p.m. "Valiant" reopened fire.

92. At 7.15 p.m. passed wreck of what was apparently a
Dreadnought ship on port beam, about 3,000 yards distant.
She appeared to be broken in half, resting on the bottom mth
her bow and stern about 100 yards apart, cocked up at right
angles out of the water. She was painted pale grey, red bottom
colour, ram bow, overhung stern and balance rudder.

93. At 7.18 p.m. "Marlborough" hit by torpedo. Leading
enemy's ship observed to be on fire.

94. At 7.22 p.m. reduced to 10 knots.

95. At 7.23 p.m. enemy's Battlefleet now altered course
together away from us, and broke off the action, sending out a
low cloud of smoke which effectually covered their retreat and
obscured them from further view.

96. At 7.24 p.m. increased to 12 knots.

97. At 7.25 p.m. increased to 13 knots.

98. At 7.27 p.m. an attack was made by eight enemy
destroyers, bearing on our starboard bow, on the First and
Fifth Battle Squadrons. Two enemy destroyers were detached
and cut off by our light cruisers and destroyed. Of the six
remaining, three were beaten off and returned to the South-East,
two are beheved to have been sunk and one severely crippled by
the rapid fire from our starboard 6-in. battery. Altered course
2 points to port, course 105°, to avoid this attack.

99. At 7.28 p.m. opened fire with starboard 6-in. battery as
before mentioned.

X 12873 ^

210 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

100. At 7.30 p.m. increased to 20 knots.

101. At 7.3.3 p.m. altered course 140°. Destroyer attack
beaten off.

102. At 7.35 p.m. transferred 6-in. fire to large destroyer or
Flotilla Leader. Observed her to be hit at least twice and
straddled frequently. This ship was shortly afterwards engaged
by our light cruisers and destroyers when on our starboard
quarter, and on the evidence of Chief Petty Officer Webster (aloft
director layer) this vessel was observed to founder. Reduced to
18 knots, enemy battlefleet now out of sight.

103. At 7.37 p.m. altered course 80°.

104. At 7.41 p.m. altered course 190°.

105. At 7.44 p.m. altered course 152°.

106. At 7.45 p.m. our light cruisers were observed to finish off
three disabled German destroyers.

107. At 7.49 p.m. altered course 205°.

108. At 7.50 p.m. reduced to 15 knots.

109. At 7.54 p.m. altered course 180°.

110. At 8.5 p.m. altered course 270°.

111. At 8.7 p.m. increased to 17 knots.

112. At 8.25 p.m. altered course, leaders together, to W.S.W.
(magnetic). Remainder of Grand Fleet on port bow and beam.

113. At 8.30 p.m. observed firing one point on port bow,
probably our Battle Cruisers engaging retiring enemy.

114. At 8.31 p.m. altered course 195° wdth Fifth Battle
Squadron.

115. At 8.43 p.m. altered course 218° and increased to
20 knots.

116. At 8.55 p.m. altered course 247°.

117. At 8.56 p.m. submarine on starboard bow. Altered
course as requisite. Second Light Cruiser Squadron, coming up
from astern on our starboard side, all opened fire with their
starboard guns, apparently on the submarine in question.

118. At 9.7 p.m. altered course south (magnetic) with Fifth
Battle Squadron.

119. At 9.35 p.m. reduced to 18 knots.

120. At 9.40 altered course S.S.E. (magnetic).

121. At 9.47 p.m. altered course S. by W. (magnetic), 16
knots.

122. At 9.55 p.m. altered course S.S.E. (magnetic).

123. At 10.3 p.m. altered course 18 points to starboard.
Course North (magnetic).

124. At 10.8 p.m. altered course 16 points to port. Course
south (magnetic), 20 knots. First Division of First Battle
Squadron now bearing 1 mile on port beam.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 211

12o. At 10.15 p.m. observed heavy firing on starboard beam
about 10 miles distant, which lasted for five minutes. One big
explosion was noticed.

126. At 10.24 p.m. passed drifter with nets out on starboard
side.

127. At 10.29 p.m. reduced to 17 knots.

128. At 10.39 p.m. observed heavy firing on starboard
quarter. From the evidence of various officers and the ('hief
Yeoman of Signals, who were on the Bridge at this time, this
appeared to be a night attack by one of our light cruisers and
four of our destroyers on a column of enemy's ships. Our light
cruiser was observed to be hit by three successive salvoes from
a four-funnelled German Cruiser. Also two of our attacking
Destroyers were seen to be badly hit. This attack took place on
the enemy's port side and they appeared to be steaming south.
Several shots from this action fell close to " Valiant."

129. At 10.42 p.m. altered course S.W. (magnetic).

130. At 10.45 p.m. altered course 340°.

131. At 10.49 p.m. one light cruiser (" Southampton " class)
passed us on port side.

132. At 10.50 p.m. altered course 16 points to starboard,
course South (magnetic).

133. At 11.35 p.m. observed heavy night action on starboard
quarter. From the evidence we surmised that there appeared
on this occasion to be two German Cruisers with at least two
funnels and a crane amidships, apparently steering to the eastward
at a high speed. These cruisers then evidently sighted an
unknown small number of British ships ahead of them, possibly
a light cruiser and a few destroyers in station about two miles
astern of " Malaya " (rear ship of the Fifth Battle Squadron).
Both Germans switched on top searchlights and opened a very
rapid and extraordinarily accurate independent fire on our fight
cruiser. She replied, but was soon in flames fore and aft. The
enemy, after five minutes, ceased fire and switched off.

134. With reference to night attacks, it was noticed that on
each occasion German ships fired a white star shell which opened
up Hke a parachute, before switching on their searchlights.
Searchlights were already trained on the ship before being
switched on.

135. At 11.38 p.m. increased to 20 knots.

136. Midnight. Reduced to 17 knots.

137. At 0.12 a.m., 1st June, heavy firing was observed astern
in the distance.

138. An enemy's torpedo was observed by Lieutenant Glenny
to pass 100 yards ahead of " Valiant " about 1 hour after the
beginning of the action. " Warspite " reports that another
torpedo also missed " Vahant " astern by 20 yards; time not
known.

139. This concludes my record of the action as no further
incidents of note occurred before our return to harbour.

o 2

212 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

1 * 4t « Hf :)c

I have the honour to be,
Sir, ■
Your obedient Servant,

M. WOOLLCOMBE,

Captain,
The Vice-Admiral Commanding
Battle Cruiser Fleet.

GUNNERY AND TORPEDO NOTES ON ACTION OF
3IST MAY 1916. H.M.S. "VALIANT,"

H.M.S. " Valiant," c/o G.P.O., London,
5th June 1916.
Sir,

I HAVE the honour to forward herewith Gunnery and
Torpedo notes on the action of 31st May 1916.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

M. WOOLLCOMBE,

Captain.
The Rear- Admiral Commanding
Fifth Battle Squadron.

GENERAL GUNNERY REMARKS ON ACTION OF
31ST MAY 1916.

Control. — Was carried out from the 15-in. G.C.T., the light
was extremely bad, the target most difficult to be seen. During
the whole of the action it was only possible in isolated cases to
definitely state the nature of ship fired at. Most of the time it
was simply a case of seeing a number of patches of smoke and
it was not even possible to distinguish funnels, masts, &c.

The actual spotting was difficult only from the point of view
of knowing at which target the Director Layer had fired, and
whenever the control officer was observing the ship actually
fired at, it was easy to see if the splashes were short, right or
left ; overs were not seen. Many hits were plainly visible.

2 9|c H: ^ * ^

At about 5.30 such great difficulty was experienced in
distinguishing any of the enemy's ships that the control was
temporarily turned over to the control officer in the Fore Top
and the Gunnery Lieutenant went aloft, but after about
five minutes he returned and took over the control in the
15-in. G.C.T. as the conditions aloft were even more difficult.

^ Part omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c. in no way bearing on the course of the action.
* See note, page. 381.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 213

During the first j^art of the. action, from 3.30 G.M.T. till
about 4.30, good ranges were obtained, but fire was actually
opened on an estimated range and in consequence a correction
Down was given, but after the next salvo, which went short, as
good ranges were being obtained, a correction Up was applied,
and this again went short, another Up gave a visible hit.

The Range Finders were a very great help and on three or
four occasions on calhng down straddle to the T.S., they
reported gun range 300 to 400 yards less than Rangefinder
range.

Range Finding — Was extremely difficult except at the
commencement.

1 * * Uti 4( )|c

The target fired at had to be shifted a large number of times
due to — concentration signal, altering course, engaging Battle
Fleet in lieu of Battle Cruisers, and frequently due to proper
target being obscured by smoke and haze.

The Range Finder Glasses (especially those of the after
turrets) became covered with cordite smoke, and in the case of
" Y " turret a Boy 1st CI. was employed sitting on the top of
the turret cleaning them.

After the first haK hour, sufficient ranges were not obtained
to give a rate, but isolated groups of ranges were obtained,
which were of great value for checking the range on sights.

Director Fire — Was used throughout the action, it would have
been impossible for individual to have been used; great diffi-
culties being experienced in getting a Director Gunlayer on to
the right set of flashes. Turret gunlayers could not see
sufficiently plainly through their periscopes.

The left gun of " A " turret went out of step, firing was
carried out by Director by means of checking with the right
gun. The fault : wire partially carried away from the left
elevating receiver.

" X " turret training went out of stej). The Director was
lined up twice during the action, during a lull, thus overcoming
the trouble.

Enemy's Sflashes. —A\i\io\igh. the ship was straddled many
times and a large number of shots were only just short, the
splashes a])peared to be very small and did not rise much above
the hull of the ship ; no water came on board and no trouble
was experienced with spray on glasses.

Due to this the control officers experienced no additional
difficulties when ship was being heavily fired at than when
receiving no fire.

The additional noise was much less than expected and the
control apj^eared to run smoothly, orders being always able to

'^ See note on p. 381.

214 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

he got through telephones, the only difiRculty being the aloft
J)ircctor voice pipe due to wind.

Rate of Fire. — The fire was kept slow and deliberate due to
the same difficulty of getting on to the right target, on four or
five occasions rapid bursts were carried out when it was seen
that hitting was established. There were several long lulls when
firing did not take place : —

(1) When our Battle Cruiser Fleet steamed between us and

the enemy and their smoke obscured the target.

(2) When the " Defence " was sunk, smoke obscured the

target.

(3) When the " Warrior " was heavily hit and poured out

volumes of black smoke.

(4) At 5.30 and 6.45 when smoke and mist obscured the

enemy.

Breakdoions.

Director — With the exceptions above stated, worked
extremely well and was in step at the end.

Control histrimients ami Commuiiications. — Nil.

Turrets. — All turrets fired most satisfactorily and had no
breakdowns of any imj)ortance ; all turret officers reported that
they were easily at the ready and only missed a total of three
salvoes, i.e., " B " three failures to fire, two tubes balanced very
high, one cause unknown.

I ^ V 'K •P *n

Q-in. Control. — 6-in. tiring was carried out, starboard side,
at extreme range against German Destroyers and a Light
Cruiser.

Control was from fore-top through the G.C.T.

Firing was very accurate and destroyer attack was beaten off.

Three failures to fire occurred, two being tubes and one cause
unknown.

No other delays or accidents.

The firing of the 6-in. guns did not inconvenience the control
of the 15-in. guns.

In accordance with Gunnery Order No. 56 of 1st April 1915,
the Director Gunlayer's eyesight was tested and his eyes showed
no ill-effects whatever.

1 * *

Number of Rounds fired.

"A" -

"B " -

"X" -

" Y " _

Starboard 6-in.

Right. Left.

^ See note on p. 381.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 215

GENERAL TORPEDO REMARKS ON ACTION OF
31ST MAY 1916. " H.M.S. VALIANT."

The enemy was not sufficiently visible throughout the action
for ranges to be taken with the torpedo rangefinder.

The visil)ility was generally low and observations from the
Torpedo Control Tower were much hampered by waste steam
coming up the engine-room exhaust.

2. In the first period of the action, from about 4.10 to
4.50 p.m., t]ie enemy was liefore the port beam and the range
was long. There was no opportunity to fire torpedoes.

3. After becoming engaged on the starboard side one or two
chances occurred for firing torpedoes, but they involved con-
siderable risk of hitting our own ships ; at 6.0 p.m. an opportunity
presented itself to fire at the enemy's battlefleet. The course
was estimated as j)arallel to our own ships, range 14,000 and
bearing 140 Green. A 28-knot torpedo was used and started
correctly from the starboard after tube. Result of shot not
known.

4. No further opportunity presented itself, partly owing to
the long range and partly owing to risk to our own ships.

5. The enemy fleet appeared to take great care not to get
within torpedo range when on a bearing exposing him to torpedo
fire.

6. One torpedo was seen to cross " Vahant's " bows and
another is understood to have been seen from " Warspite " to
cross our stern. Times not known with any accurac3^

7. The ship was not hit and electrical gear was not severely
tested. There was difficulty in getting No. 4 Tube dynamo to
take its load, but this did not affect the electrical supply
generally. All breakers stood the concussion without coming off.

All communications, gyro compass, &c., were intact. Navy-
phones could be used at all times in spite of shell bursting close
to the ship.

8. The two after searchhght barrels and mirrors, which were
left up in case of fog, were damaged by blast. One of the 24-in.
mirrors, though broken, was held together by the lead backing
and wire netting and was quite fit for use. Tliis is the only
mirror in the ship so fitted.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT.— H.M.S. "MALAYA."

No. 88/14.

H.M.S. "Malaya,"
Sir, 6th June 1916.

In reporting events, besides a few general remarks, I
cannot do better than forward the attached diary of events
collected from various sources. The times and principal items
were taken by Assistant Paymaster Keith M. Lawder in the

2 It) BATTf.E OF JUTLAND:

spotting top, and, as he was unfettered by other duties, can be
considered rehable.

2. Considering the vast amount of ammunition expended on
us, I attribute the small number of hits to the very small spread
of the German salvoes; though the firing was good and range-
taking good they appeared to use very small spotting corrections.

3. The speed of the High Sea Fleet appeared to be very
high and was estimated to be over 21 knots.

4. Our firing at enemy Battle Cruisers at long range a^jpeared
to be good, but it is difficult to say what was the result, though
the fourth salvo was a distinct hit. When firing at the High
iSea Fleet after turning 16 points, owing to the haze and hght
rendering spotting exceedingly chfficult, the fall of some salvoes
could not be seen.

5. Several tracks of torpedoes were reported, but none were
actually verified.

6. The E.R. Torpedo in the foremost submerged flat could
not be fired as the bar was jambed owing to the shiji being struck
below the water Une on the starboard side forward. One torpedo
was fired from the after tube.

7. The conduct of the men was aU that could be desired, and
I wish to biing to your notice several cases for special mention,
principally in connection with the fire on the Gun Deck. This
will form the subject of a separate letter.

8. Suggestions for preventing the spread of fire on the Gun
Deck in future will be forwarded later.

9. The following Enclosures are attached : —

A. Diary of events.

B. Track of " Malaya."

C. Gunnery notes, accidents, &c.

D. Torpedo notes, accidents, &c.

E. Remarks from Engine Room Department.

F. Damage sustained.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

A. D. BOYLE,
The Rear- Admiral Commanding, Captain.

Fifth Battle Squadron.

Plcute id.
TRACING SHEWING THE TRACK OF H.M.S. "MALAYA"

Dunn g the En g a g ement on May 31?^ 1916 ,
between 3.50 p.m. and 9.45 p.m.

4-3

YI.53

56'30'/^'.

IX. 4-5

^Tn.4-3

^TIir.4-

l0.07S.2^!i66>-PII73(i^) 5000 IS.iC

MaJb^ Jcicni.Lith,

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 217

Enclosure " A " to " Malaya's " No. 88/14 of 6 June 1916.

DIARY OF EVENTS, MAY 31 TO JUNE 1, FROM N0TE8
MADE BY ASSISTANT PAYMASTER LAWDER IN THE
SPOTTING TOP, COMBINED WITH MY OWN, LIEU-
TENANT-COMMANDER (G)'S, AND OTHER OFFICERS'
OBSERVATIONS. " H.M.S. MALAYA."

(All times are G.M.T.)

r.M.

4.00. " Barham " opened lire. Our Battle Cruisers were on

starboard bow, we not having turned, and two enemy

Light Cruisers on port bow.

4. 2. " Valiant " opened fire at apparently Light Cruisers.

4. 5. " Warspite " opened fire. Observed enemy Battle

Cruiser about Red 5°, steering to southward.

4. 6. Altered course to starboard.

4.10. Altered course to starboard.

4.15. Opened fire on rear enemy Battle Cruiser (" Seydlitz,"

we thought). Range, 18,500; feU short.

Between 4.00 and 4.15 p.m. (actual times not noted) one of

our Battle Cruisers was observed to blow up, a vast column of

smoke and nothing more was seen.

Shortly after another big explosion was heard from the

dii-ection of our Battle Cruisers.

4.20. "1 Our Destroyer Flotilla fell back to starboard quarter.

to > First salvo : short and left. Second salvo : ahead

4.32 J and still short. Third salvo : over. Fourth salvo

(4.32) : straddled and apparently hit in fine with

foremast. Range, 19,200. Enemy soon after altered

course to port together. (Armoured Director had

been used up to now, but shifted to Aloft Director
1 * * * * *

4.35. Enemy turned to port together. Enemy's Destroyers
sighted on port bow.

4.45. Enemy's salvo fell just ahead of us, followed by several
more. Our range, 21,000.

4.50. Passed one of our Destroyers with boats lowered picking
up survivors among some wreckage.
Soon after our Battle Cruisers passed us on engaged side
on opposite course. Only four present — " Lion,"
" Princess Royal," " Tiger," and " New Zealand."
Shortly after our Battle Cruisers passed observed enemy's
Battle Fleet on port bow in three or four columns
heading straight for us. (Aloft reported three columns,
the fourth column seen from below may have been
cruisers in the haze very hard to distinguish.)

4.57. Altered course 16 points (in succession) to starboard and
followed our Battle Cruisers. Enemy's Battle Fleet
opened fire on the turn, so " Malaya " turned short.

^ See note page 381.

218 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

P.M.

4.50. Enemy's salvo 50 yards over.

5.00. Increased to full speed (25 knots).

After turning could see a four funnel cruiser ahead of
enemy's Battle Fleet, which by this time had deployed.
Opened fire at guessed range of 17,000 at what
appeared to be a " Konig " class. .Spotting very
difficult now owing to haze.

5. 5. Enemy has our range exactly, so hauled out a little to
port.

5.12^ Enemy's salvoes straddled "Valiant" and "Malaya."

to y At this time we were outlined against a bright yellow

5.30 J horizon, but enemy were nearly obscured by mist,
and we were under a very heavy constant fire from
at least four ships of the High Sea Fleet. Only flashes
were visible, and six salvoes were falHng round the
ship per minute, and at one time, counting some which
were probably meant for " Warspite,'' nine salvoes
fell in rapid succession.
Shifted target to what appeared to be the leading enemy
Battleship, and as soon as a short salvo was obtained
broke into rapid Director as it was realised that
" Malaya " was presenting a good target.
It had been decided to fire the 6-in. guns short to make
a screen, but before this was done the whole starboard
battery was put out of action by shell bursting there.

5,14. Enemy's salvo fell close over our port bow, sending spray
well over the spotting top and black water into the
conning tower, &c.

5.17. Altered course two points to port together.

5.20. Shell struck ship on starboard side forward about water
line, shaking the ship very heavily indeed.

5.25. Splinter cut steampipe to starboard syren, escape of
steam rendering communication with top impossible
for a few minutes till shut off.

5.27. Shell struck ship aft (roof of " X " turret).

5.30. Shell struck starboard side of upper deck just above
S. 3 six-inch gun, followed by another in the same
place, wrecking the 6-in. battery and causing a fire
for a short time.

5.35. Shell struck somewhere along starboard side.

5.37. Two shell fell just over and abreast of port forward
6-in. gun. The officers aloft saw the shell and state
that they fell within a few feet of the ship's side.

5.45. Ship had now a list of about 4° to starboard, and for
a short time guns were firing at nearly extreme
elevation. From the top oil could be seen coming
from our starboard side abreast of after 6-in. gun.

6.00. Course, N.N.E. Enemy's rate of fire at us much reduced.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 219

P.M.

0. 5. Fired long range torpedo at third ship of enemy's Battle
Fleet, four points abaft the l)eam, range, approximately
12,900 yards.

6. 6. Sighted some of the Grand Fleet ahead of us coming
towards us.

6.15. Altered course to starboard. We were now past the
sun, and not such a good target.

6.20. " Defence " coming down on starboard bow blew up,
and " Warrior " also on starboard bow was severely
damaged. Heavy firing all along the line.

6.23. " Warspite " hauled out of line and turned to starboard
in a circle. Enemy concentrated on her. " Warspite "
replied rapidly, but seemed to stop after turning abo^ut
24 points.

6.26. Eased from full speed.

6.32. Fifth Battle Squadron altered course to port so as to
take station astern of rear ships of First Battle
Squadron. Very congested at this point, many de-
stroyers and Light Cruisers being mixed up with us
and enemj^ firing rapidly, but no hits were observed.

6.35. Altering course in succession to starboard.

6.45. A lull in the firing.

7.15. Firing general again and enemy more distinct.

7.20. Opened fire on what appeared to be rearmost ship of
enemy line (range, 10,400). That ship was under fire
of several of our ships and was shortly after obscured
by smoke and dropped astern.
Prepared to open fire on a Battleship which was very
low in the water and dropping astern. According to
tAvo Officers she suddenly disappeared without an
explosion. She had two short fat funnels.

7.25 ^ Enemy destroyers made an attack. Opened fire with
to > the two remaining 6-in. guns of starboard battery and

7.40 J also fired two 15 -in. salvoes at a range of 8,000 yards.
Other ships were firing on the destroj^ers as well,
which retired. One at least was seen to sink, and
this was the last of the enemy seen in daylight owing
to the Battle Fleet having turned away.

7.40. Light Cruisers and Destroyers astern of us turned to
starboard, apparently to attack enemy's light craft.
Ceased firing — enemy out of sight.

8.30. Some firing heard right ahead some distance off.

10.20. Firing observed on starboard beam. In the flashes one
of our " Dublin " class could be distinguished, and
was apparently hit twice. Enemy Destroyers were
beyond her, and used a form of Very's Light. It
appeared as if one of enemy's Destroyers was well
on fire and sank.

11.40. Three points abaft starboard beam observed what
appeared to be an attack by our Destroyers on some

220 BATTLE OF JUTLAND ;

enemy big ships steering the same way as ours, two
of which used searchhghts. One of our Destroyers,
with three funnels (appearance of " Termagant "
class), was set on fire, but not before she had hit the
second ship. This was seen by the column of smoke,
and also the explosion was distinctly heard and felt.
The leading ship of the enemy, which was seen by the
flash of the explosion, had two masts, two funnels,
and a conspicuous crane (apparently " Westfalen "
class).

A.M. J^me 1st.

Two attacks some way astern of us. We distinctly felt
three explosions, and at end of last attack a brilUant
flare lit up the whole sky.

Some firing a long way off astern.

Some shots, apparently 6-in. or larger cahbre, fell near
ship, but no flashes could be seen, and it was afterwards
concluded from W/T that they came from ships firing
at enemy ZeppeUns.

A. D. BOYLE.

Enclosure " C " to " Malaya's " No. 88/14 of 6 June 1916.

"]\tALAYA." GUNNERY REMARKS.

1. The enemy's Battle Cruisers when we were engaging them
appeared to be zig-zagging at very short intervals.

1 * * * * *

The ranges obtained and reports showed that gun range was
being kej^t, so it would appear that this zig-zag was quite a
constant one, and that they were never far off the mean course.

2 1 * * * * *

3. When the High Sea Fleet were engaging us heavily it
appeared that some were using Director and others Individual.

4. " X " turret was the only turret which developed defects.
" A " turret had no accidents.

" B " turret had no accidents of a serious nature. One of
the dogs on the main cage of the right gun became bent and
had to be removed. Whilst this w^as being done the auxihary
shell hoist was being used, and there was no delay in the firing.

" X " turret. — A heavy shell (12-in.) struck the centre of
the roof rear end, bulging the roof, without exploding. All the
securing bolts were sheared and the roof was started up clear
of the walls of the turret. The only damage done inside the
turret was to put the rangefiiider out of action, Kilroy danger
signal right gun, and the foresight of the open director sight.
During the action it was found impossible to load the main cage

^ See note, page 381.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 221

from the shell bogie on the foremost side of the trunk when the
turret was trained on the beam bearing, and the auxiliary shell
hoist had to be used for the gun affected. This was due to the
fixed rack having come up 5/16 in. on the foremost side of the
trunk in the fore and aft line. The same trouble, but to a much
lesser extent, has been reported before, but it was not then
sufficient to prevent the worldng of the bogie after additional
clearance had been cut on the underneath side of the traversing
trolley.

" Y " turret had no accidents of a serious nature. Trouble
was experienced ^vith the cordite trays of the left gun loading
cage, but it was put to rights mthout delaying the firing.

Owing to the fist of the ship the port pumps could not get
enough water, so sea water had to be admitted to the system.

There was no failure of Director, or an}'' other electrical gear.

There was one missfire, due to a defective tube.

Enclosure " D " to " Malaya's " No. 88/14 of 6 June 1916.
TORPEDO AND ELECTRICAL REMARKS.

Torpedo. — Fired one torpedo, from starboard after flat at
6.5 p.m. Range of torpedo, 10,750; range of enemy, 12,900
approximately. Gyro angle, 20° left. Bearing of third ship,
at which ship torpedo was fired, was four points abaft the beam.
Torpedo appeared to run correctly.

Starboard forward tube. The bar jambed owing to a hit
on the armour close to the Flat.

Electrical Breakdowns. — Communications. — None, except
where circuits were cut or burnt in the starboard battery.

Lighting and Power. — None, except where circuits were cut
or burnt in the starboard battery.

Gyro Compass. — Masters remained on meridian. The re-
peaters got out of step when our guns fired. After the action,
remained in step when the compass platform repeater was isolated,
an earth having developed on this circuit in the starboard battery.

Enclosure " E " to " Malaya's " No. 88/14 of 6 June 1916.
REMARKS FROM ENGINE ROOM DEPARTMENT.

About 6.00 p.m., G.M.T., several sprayers in " A " boilers
were extinguished by water which had become mixed with the
oil fuel in the starboard inner bunkers. These inner bunkers
were shut off and oil fuel for the sprayers was obtained from
the port side. It was subsequently discovered that the water in
the inner bunkers was due to leakage from the outer bunkers in
which two shells had exploded.

Several compartments forward on starboard side were hit
below the water hne and flooded; the consequent hst to star-

222 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

board deprived the port hydraulic tanks of water for a few
minutes and recourse was had to salt water supply.

The ship was gradually brought to the correct trim by
pumping oil fuel across from the starboard to the port bunkers.
It was thus possible to avoid any increase in the draught other
than that due to the flooded compartments.

During the shell explosion on the starboard gun deck, flame
and debris passed down the starboard air supply trunk to
" A " boiler room, damaging fittings and shghtly burning one
Stoker Petty Officer on duty near the boilers.

Enclosure "F" to "Malaya's" No. 88/14 of 6 June 191G.
DAMAGE SUSTAINED.— EIGHT HITS.

Stations 36-60. — Two hits, one indenting the upper armour
plate, the other indenting and tearing the ship's plating below
the armour.

The wing compartments 29-36, 36-52 lower deck, and Chief
Petty Officers' bathroom 36-52 middle deck, were flooded.

At 52-56 the angle at the bottom of the armour on the main
deck is sprung off the plates, several rivets are sheared, gussets
and Z bars are distorted and a few armour bolts are slackened.

The steam pipe to the syren was fractured by an indirect hit.

Also at 52 a heavy shell stnick the plates above the water
Une, pushing the plating back.

Stations 82-109. — Two hits. The Gun Deck was depressed
several inches, several seams were opened out, the hatch was
distorted. The galley, canteen, drjdng room and fittings on the
gun deck were wrecked by a large shell passing through the
forecastle deck and exploding in the 6-in. gun battery.

No. 3 six-inch gun starboard damaged and the mounting
wrecked.

Cordite on this deck set fire to and destroyed all electric
cables, &c.

Below W.L. — Tavo hits. There is a large hole at 92-94 below
the armour apparently caused by two projectiles. The inner
and outer oil bunkers 82-100 and v.dng compartments 82-109
were flooded; the seamen's bathroom 91-100 middle deck was
flooded, and there were leaks into adjacent compartments.

" X " Turret. — A heavy shell struck the centre of the roof
rear end, bulging and perforating the roof slightly, without
ex]"»l()ding. All the securing bolts w^ere sheared and the roof
started. The only damage done in the turret was that the
rangefinder was put out of action, as was the Kilroy danger
signal to the right gun.

It was found that the main cage at the bottom could not be
loaded from the shell bogie on the foremost side of the trunk
when the turret was abeam. This was due to the fixed rack
having come up 5/16 in. on the foremost side of the trunk.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 223

No. 89/14.

H.M.S. " Malaya,"
Sir, 6 June 1916.

In continuation of mj- previous report of Events, I beg
to report that early on the morning of June 1st (about 4.0 a.m.),
officers in the armoured director tower and engine room report
that the ship struck something submerged on the starboard
side which scraped along under the bottom.

I purpose]}^ refrained from claiming or reporting anything
until the damage below had been examined by experts.

2. The Chief Constructor came on board to-day and informed
me that the lower damage, 38-48, could not possibly have been
done by a shell, but had been caused by striking something
submerged, and that, in view of the depth beloAV the water hne,
he thought it most likely was a submarine.

In view of the distance from the scene of the action it could
not have been any of the wreckage, besides which nothing w as
seen above the water, and it seems more than probable that we
struck a submarine.

I have the honour to be. Sir,
Your obedient servant,

A. D. BOYLE,
The Rear- Admiral Commanding, Captain.

Fifth Battle Sciuadron.

Commander-in-Chief.

Submitted.

HUGH EVAN-THOMAS,
10 June 1916. Rear-Admiral.

224

BATTLE OF JUTLAND

LETTER OF PROCEEDINGS OF CAPTAIN (D),
13th flotilla.

Enclosure No.

17 to Battle Cruiser Fleet, Letter No. B.C.F. 01
of 12/6/16.

No. 60.

Sir,

H.M.S. "Champion,"

3rd June 1916.
I HAVE the honour to forward the following report of
Proceedings of H.M.S. " Champion " and 13th Destroyer Flotilla
during the recent action of the 31st May-lst June 1916.

2. At 2.50 p.m., 31st May, H.M.S. " Onslow " and " Moresby "
were detached to join H.M.S. " Engadine," but attacked enemy
Battle Cruiser Fleet with remainder of Flotilla, as described in
paragraph 5.

3. At commencement cf action station was taken up on the
starboard bow of H.M.S. " Lion," Destroyers in comj)any
being : —

" Nestor " - Commander Hon, Edward B. S.

Bingham.

" Nomad " - Lieut. Commander Paul Whitfield.
" Narborough "- „ „ Geoflfrey Corlett,

" Obdurate " - „ „ Cecil H. H. Sams.

" Petard " - „ „ Evelyn C. O. Thomson.

" Pehcan " - „ „ Kenneth A, Beattie.

" Nerissa " - ,, „ Montague C. B. Legge.

" Onslow "1 - „ „ John C. Tovey.

" Moresby "i - „ „ Roger V. Ahson.

" Nicator " - Lieutenant Jack E. A. Mocatta.

" Termagant " - Lieut. Commander Cuthbert P. Blake.
" Turbulent " - „ „ Dudley Stuart.

(The last two named Destroyers being temporarily attached.)

4. At 4.30 p.m. Enemy's Battle Fleet was sighted by
" Champion " and reported to you.

5. At 4.15 p.m. the whole Flotilla was ordered to attack
Enemy Battle Cruiser Fleet. This attack was well carried out,
and it is thought that at least two Enemy Destroyers were sunk.
I regret to state that H.M.S. " Nestor " (Commander Hon.
E. B. S. Bingham) and H.M.S. " Nomad " (Lieutenant Commander
Paul Whitfield) did not return from this action, and must be
considered to have been sunk.

6. At 7.45 p.m. H.M.S. " Onslow " was reported unable to
steam, and was taken in tow by H.M.S. " Defender."

7. No further opportunity of attacking Enemy occurred
during the day.

8. At night station was taken astern of Battle Fleet, course
South. About 11.30 p.m. heavy jfiring was opened on our
starboard beam, apparently at some of our Destroyers between

^ Attached to " Engadine."

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 225

the 13th Flotilla and the enemy. I hauled out to the eastward
as I was unable to attack with any of our own Flotilla, our own
forces being between me and the Enemy. I then resumed course
South ; firing was observed at intervals during the night on
our starboard beam. Destroyers of the 13th Flotilla, with the
exception of H.M.S. " Obdurate " and " Moresby," lost touch
with, me during the night. H.M.S. " Narborough " as Senior
Officer, reports that he took charge of the remainder, and rejoined
the Fleet at 9.45 a.m. on the 1st instant.

H.M.S. " Marksman " and " Maenad " joined me at about
2.30 a.m. At 2.50 a.m. course was altered to North to conform
with signal received from the Commander-in-Chief.

9. At 3.25 a.m. four Destroyers, steering southward, were
sighted ; owing to the mist I was uncertain at first who they
were; but at 3.30 a.m. I made them out to be the enemy, and
opened fire, range about 3,000 yards. Two torpedoes were
fired at " Champion," the first one passing under our bows, the
second just missing close astern. Enemy passed on opposite
course, and when sliip had been steadied after avoiding torpedoes,
the enemy had disappeared in the mist, and T resumed my same
course.

10. At 4.30 a.m. H.M.S. " Obdurate " picked up two
survivors, and H.M.S. " Marksman " one survivor, from H.M.S,
" Ardent."

At 5 a.m. two rafts were sighted, and H.M.S. " Moresby "
rescued seven men, and H.M.S. " Maenad " eleven men, survivors
from H.M.S. " Fortune."

11. At about 6 a.m. H.M.S. "Marksman" was detached to
examine vessel to westward, which appeared to be a disabled
Destroyer, and lost touch with me. Nothing further occurred,
and I returned to base, by your orders, arriving at 3.30 p.m.,
2nd June 1916.

12. Letter of Proceedings from H.M.S. " Narborough." the
Senior Officer surviving from Destroyer attack, is attached.
Reports have been called for from remainder of Kith Flotilla,
and an addendum to this letter will be forw^arded when the
reports have been collected.

13. In addition to loss of H.M.S. " Nestor " and " Nomad,"
H.M.S. " Turbulent " (Lieutenant-Commander Dudley Stuart)
is reported by H.M.S. " Narborough " to have been lost sight of
at 0.30 a.m. on the 1st instant, and w^as probably rammed, or
sunk b}' gunfire.

Total casualties and names have not yet been ascertained.

I have the honour to l)e.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

J. U. FARIE,
The Vice-Admiral Commanding 13th Flotilla.

Battle Cruiser Fleet, H.:\r.S. " Lion.'"

X 12872 P

220 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

Enclosure No. IS! to Battle Cruiser Fleet, Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6,10.

ADDENDUM TO LETTER OF PROCEEDINGS NO. 60
OF 3rd JUNE 1916.

No. 60. H.M.8. " Champion."

Sir, 7th June 1916.

With reference to paragraph 12 of my letter of proceedings
No. 60 of 3rd June 1916, I have the honour to forward this
addendum, containing extracts from reports received from
destroyers of 13th Flotilla, who were engaged in the action,
31st May-lst June 1916.

H.M.8. " Obdurate,'' dated drd June 1916.

On receiving the signal to carry out torpedo attack on enemy
battle cruiser fleet, " Obdurate " turned towards the enemy
and soon became engaged with their destroyers and one Hght
cruiser. Range varied from 6,000 to 3,000 yards, and during the
destroyer action one of the enemy's destroyers was blown up
and two others badly damaged ; prol)ably one of these two sank
as the guns firing at her lost sight of her.

The enemy destroyers and light cruiser were driven back to
the protection of their big ships, and " Obdurate " was then too
far astern to deliver a torpedo attack. " Obdurate " was hit
twice by a 4*1 shell, but suffered no casualties. ^

H.M.8. " Petard;' dated 2nd June 1916.

On receiving the signal to attack with torpedoes, I attacked
Avith H.M.S. " Turbulent." The first torpedo fired was set for
liigh speed, six feet deep, and was aimed at the head of the
German destroyer flotilla, which was crossing over to meet our
attack. The track was closely followed, and tube's crew state
that they undoubtedly saw it hit a German Destroyer about
amidships and explode, I opened fire with my gun on this
destroyer a few minutes later, and she was then lying stopped,
with her upper deck awash and obviously sinldng.

" Petard " then took part in the general engagement ^vith
the German Destroyers, and the three remaining torpedoes were
fired at a range of about 7,000 yards on the bow of the German
Battle Cruiser Fleet. All these torpedoes must have crossed
the track of the German fine.

At 12.15 a.m. course was altered to S.W. by W., and ten
minutes later the line crossed ahead of a division of German
Battleships. I sighted the leading battleship about six points
on my starboard bow steering S.E. at about 400 or 500 yards.
This ship switclied on recognition lights, consisting of two red
over one white light and, as some destroyer ahead of me in the
line then switched on her " fighting fights," I think the Germans
at once knew we were enemy. As " Petard " had no torpedoes

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 227

left I could not attack, so I increased to full speed, and altered
course slightly to port to avoid being rammed. I passed about
200 yards ahead of the German ship, who appeared to be one
of the " Wittelsbach " class. As soon as we were clear of her
stem, she illuminated us with searchlights, and we came under
a heavy fire from her and the next ship in the line. Two salvoes
seemed to strike us, and, in all, I think, we received six hits.

I regret that I never saw " Turbulent," who was in station
astern of "Petard," after passing the German Squadron;
according to the evidence of some of my Ship's Company, I
am afraid she must have been j-ammed and sunk.

H.M.S. ''Pelican;' dated 4th June 1916.

" Pelican " was unable to fire torpedoes owing to the other
two divisions being engaged by enemy torpedo craft between
the fleets, and by a division of the 9th Flotilla, who were coming
up in the opposite direction.

At about 10.35 p.m. there w^as heav}^ firing in N. Westerly
direction, and destro^^ers were seen in the searchlight rays of
attacking ships. Shortly afterwards there was a huge explosion
in that direction. At 0.40, June 1st, when on a course S.W.,
speed 30 knots, I observed two ships on starboard quarter,
which were at first taken to be our Light Cruisers. They switched
on three vertical lights, the upper two being red and lower green,
at the same time " Pelican's " stem was lit up by a searchlight
which was immediately transferred to " Petard " and " Turbu-
lent," who were astern. When sighted position was unfavourable
for attack.

H.M.S. " Nerlssa" dated 5th June 1916.

4.30 p.m., commenced attack on a northerly course, owing
to enemy turning 16 points, this attack had eventually to be
carried out on a southerly course, which I did in company with
" Termagant," but firing two torpedoes, range 7,000 yards.
Just previous to this attack " Nomad " was observed quite
close, stopjjed and apparently badlj^ damaged in the engine
room. One torpedo apparentlji' took effect on rear ship.

H.M.S. " Onslow;' dated 2nd June 1916.

At about 6.5 p.m., sighting an enemy Light Cruiser, class
uncertain, with 3 funnels, with topgallant forecastle only about
6,000 yards from 1st B.C.S., I decided to attack her. All guns
engaged enemy Light Cruiser, and 58 rounds were fired at a
range of 2,000 to 4,000 yards ; undoubtedly a large number of
hits were scored, as they were easily spotted at tliis range. I
then gave orders for all torpedoes to be fired. I saw the first
torpedo leave the ship, and immediately was struck by a big
shell amidships the starboard side. There was a big escape of
steam, completely enveloping both torpedo tubes. Sub-Lieu-
tenant Moore, Leading Signalman Cassin, also several other

P 2

228 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

ratings and myself saw the torpedo hit Liglit Cruiser below
conning tower, and explode.

Owing to two shells having exploded in No. 2 Boiler room,
and badly damaged main feed tank and all the water in the
reserve feed tank being now used, at 7.0 p.m. ship stopped and
electric current was lost. At 7.15 p.m. '' Defender " closed
" Onslow " and asked if assistance was required. On learning
" Defender " could only steam 10 knots, I asked to be taken in
tow whilst endeavouring to effect repairs ; this " Defender "
did under very trying circumstances, and with large enemy
ships rapidly approaching. In tow of " Defender " I then
proceeded W. by N. Using salt-water feed, Engineer Lieutenant
Commander Foulkes raised speed for slow speed to enable me
to use steering engine, and when weather got worse to lessen
strain on to\ving hawser. Omng to ship's condition T decided
to make for the nearest port — Aberdeen — arriving there about
1.0 p.m. the 2nd June.

H.M.S. " Moresby" dated Srd June 1916.

At 5.0 p.m. an enemy Dreadnought squadron then observed
steering Northward was attacked. At 5.10 p.m., being two
points before the beam of the leading ship 6-8,000 yards, a long
range torpedo was fired at the third ship. About 8 minutes later
I observed an upheaval due to a torpedo, and am informed it
was on the 6th ship. This agrees with the director setting.
The enemy were then straddling frecpiently ; my smoke was
bad ; I therefore turned towards the enemy and ran between
the Unes, in order to clear the range from smoke nuisance.

At about 2.35 a.m., fom* •' Deutschland " class ships were
seen bearing West, 4,000 yards. I hauled out to port, firing a
H.S. torpedo at 2.37 G.M.T. No more could be fired as left
tube was empty, and the fore director was pointed skywards
when the sight bore of that tube. Mist and smoke prevented
the enemy being seen again.

H.M.S. " Nicator," dated Uh June 1916.

At 4.15 p.m. torpedo attack was carried out. Two torpedoes
were fired at a range of about 6,000 yards. During tliis attack
enemy's Destroyers were continually engaged wdth gunfire, and
were observed to be retiring, leaving at least two in a disabled
condition. A third torpedo was fired at second ship of enemy's
Battle Fleet at a range of about 3,000 yards. " Nestor " and
" Nicator " continued to close until Avithin about 2,500 yards,
when "Nestor" was hit in the region of No. 1 Boiler Room;
she immediately altered course 8 points to starboard, and
" Nicator " was obliged to alter inside her to avoid collision,
thereby failing to fire a 4th torpedo.

At 3.30 p.m., June 1st, in Lat. 55.50 N., Long. 0.55 W., a
torpedo fired by a hostile submarine was observed approaching
from abaft the starboard beam at an angle of 30 degrees, running
on the surface ; helm was at once put hard a starboard and

OFFICIAL DESi^ATCHES. 229

telegraplKs to fiill speed. Torpedo passed ahead. On resuming
course a submerged explosion was very distinctly felt all over
the ship, but no damage could be found. Submarine was not
sighted.

1 * * * * «

I have the honour to be,
8ir,
Your obedient Servant,

J. U. FARIE,
Captain (D),
The Vlce-Admiral C'oininanding 13th Destroyer Flotilla.

Battle Cruiser Fleet. H.M.8. " Lion.*"

Enclosure No. U> to Battle Cruiser Fleet. Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.

From — Captain (D), 13th Destroyer Flotilla,

To — The Vice-Admiral Commanding Battle Cruiser Fleet.

Date— 9th June 1916.

No.— 60.

Submitted.

Enclosed are action reports from Destroyers in accordance
with your signal of to-day.

J. U. FARIE.

Captain (D),
13th Destroyer Flotilla.

H.M.S. " NARBOROUGH,"
Sm, 2nd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report in accordance with your
orders the folloMing movements of the 13th Flotilla on 31st May
and 1st June 1916.

Previous to action commencing the Flotilla was stationed
ahead of Battle Cruiser Squadron. Shortly after the action had
commenced Destroyers were ordered to attack with torpedoes,
second and third Divisions drew out to Port of " Champion "
in accordance with orders signalled to get ahead for attacking.
Third Division followed second Division down to the attack,
but " Petard " and '" Turbulent " were separated by " Notting-
ham " crossing " Petard's " bows. " Petard " and " Turbulent "
proceeded independently.

Previous to turning, the German High Sea Fleet were
observed coming up from the Southward.

Before getting into the favourable position to fire Torpedoes,
enemy's Light Cruisers and Destroyers, fourteen or fifteen in
No., came across towards our Battle Cruiser Squadron, and were

^ Part omitted liere, leferring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c. in no wav bearing on the course of the action.

230 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

intercepted by 13th and 9th Flotillas. General firing took place
the Third Division were unable to open fire owing to the 9th
Flotilla, who had come up in the opposite direction, getting
between them and enemy Destroyers. Enemy's flotilla retired
to their own Battle Cruiser Squadron after short action. It is
thought that at least two enemy Destroyers were sunk.

The position of enemy's Battle Cruiser Squadron was then
unfavourable for firing Torpedoes, and in view of enemy's Battle
Fleet having been sighted, I decided not to fire Torpedoes at
long range at Battle Cruiser Squadron, but to retain all
Torpedoes for use pending Fleet action. Accordingly " Nar-
borough " and " Pelican " rejoined " Champion." The remaining
Destroyers of the 13th Flotilla rejoined " Champion " except
" Nestor " and " Nomad," who had been observed badly
damaged.

Proceeded in company of " Champion " from 8 p.m. till
midnight. Firing was observed to starboard beam at intervals
between 10 and 11 p.m. and a heavy action at 11.30 p.m.
Several ships were seen on starboaixl beam about midnight, but
it could not be made out whether hostile.

At 0.30 a.m., 1st June 1916, a large vessel making much
smoke was observed crossing the rear of the Flotilla from
starboard to port at a fast speed. This vessel was thought to
be one of our Light Cruisers or an Armoured Cruiser of the
" Warrior " class, one of whom had been on our starboard
quarter during the First Watch. When on starboard quarter at
about 1,000 yards vessel switched on two red Ughts over one
green for a few seconds, then switched searchlights on to rear
boats and opened heavy fire. " Petard " was struck and
severely damaged; " Turbulent " was either rammed or heavily
shelled and no further note of her was obtained. Vessel was
immediately lost sight of owing to heavy smoke.

Flotilla then proceeded to the Westward.

At Dajdight it Avas noticed that Destroyers ahead were not
in touch ^vith " Champion." I took charge of Destroj^ers
13th Flotilla, consisting of " Narborough," " Pehcan," " Ne-
rissa," " Nicator," and " Petard," and placed myself under
orders of " Lydiard " of 9th FlotiUa. " Termagant " had
previously rejoined 9th Flotilla.

On receiving orders by W/T to join Battle Cruiser Squadron

1 proceeded as requisite, rejoining Fleet at 9.45 a.m., having
pre\dously despatched " Petard " and " Nicator " to base as
they were running short of fuel. At 7 p.m.. 13th Flotilla were
ordered to join " Badger " and return to base. Arrived base at

2 p.m. 2nd June 1916.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
To Captain (D) GEOFFREY CORLETT,

13th Destroyer FlotiUa, Lieutenant-Commander.

H.M.S. " Champion."

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 231

H.M.S. 'OBDURATE,"

13th Flotilla,
Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I BEG to report that at the commencement of the action
on 31st May between H.M. Battle Cruisers and the German
High Sea Fleet, H.M.S. " Obdurate " was separated from the
remainder of the 13th Flotilla, and Mas about 1,000 yards on
the engaged side of H.M.S. '' Lion."'

Every endeavour was made to join the flotilla, but this was
not accomplished when the signal was made to carry out a
Torpedo Attack on the enemy.

On receiving the Signal. '" Obdurate " turned towards the
enemy's Battle Cruiser Fleet and soon became engaged with
their destroyers and one Light Cruiser, who were apparently
approaching to carry out a torpedo attack on our Battle Cruisers.
Range varied from 6,000 to 3,000 yards, and during the
destroyer action one of the enemy's destroj^ers was blowTi up,
and two others badly damaged ; probably one of those two sank
as the guns firing at her lost sight of her.

The enemy Destroj^ers and light cruisers were driven back
to the protection of their big sliips' guns, and the " Obdurate "
was then too far astern to dehver a torpedo attack.

H.M.S. " Obdurate " was hit twice b}^ a 4* 1 shell, but suffered
no casualties.

■' Obdurate ' then rejoined H.M.S. '' Champion," and re-
mained with her till ordered to return to base at 1 p.m. on
1st June.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant.
Captain (D), C. H. HUTTON SAMS,

13th Flotilla, Lieut.-Com.

H.M.S. " Champion."

H.M.S. "PETARD,"

13th Destroyer Flotilla,
Sir, 2nd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report the proceedings of H.M. Ship
\inder my command during the action on 31st May.

2. '■ Petard "' was in company with 13th Flotilla ahead of
" Lion " at the commencement of the action, and when destroyers
wore ordered to attack was in station astern of " Pelican " and
" Narborough." Owing to " Nottingham " cutting through
flotilla. •• Petard " had to reduce speed and pass astern of her,
and then being some distance astern of " Pehcan." I decided to
attack with " Turbulent," and accordingly attacked immediately
after " Nestor's " division. The first torpedo fired was set for
high speed, six feet deep, and was aimed by Mr. Epworth, Gunner

232 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

(T), at the liead of the Geiman Dchtroyer Flotilla, which was
crossing over to meet our attack. Tiie track of the torpedo was
closely followed, and the tube's crew state they undoubtedly saw
it hit a German T.B.D. about amidships and explode. I certainly
myself o[)ened fire with my guns on this T.B.D. a few minutes
later, and she wan then lying stopped, with her upper deck awash
and obviously sinking.

3. " Petard " then took part in the general engagement with
the German Destroyers, and the three remaining torpedoes were
fired at a range of about 7,000 yards on the bow of the German
Battle Ouisers. All these torpedoes were fired at about the
second or third German Battle Cruiser, and must have crossed
the track of the German line.

4. After this, as our Fleet had turned to the Northward,
" Petard " proceeded to rejoin, and ])assing the spot where the
hull of H.M.tS. " Queen Mary '" A\as lying, picked up the Caf)tain
of the after turret of that ship. '* Petard " then passed astern
of the 5th Battle Squadron and rejoined " Champion." " Petard '"
remained with the Flotilla, and accompanied it South during
the night.

5. At 12,15 a.m. course was altered to 8.W. by W., and about
ten minutes later the line crossed ahead of a division of German
Battleshijjs. I sighted the leading Battleship about six points
on my starboard bow, steering S.E. at about 400 or 500 yards.
This ship switched on recognition lights, consisting of two red
over one white light and, as some destroyer ahead of me in the
line then switched on her " fighting lights,"' I think the Germans
at once knew we were enemy. As " Petard "' had no torpedoes
left, I could not attack, so I increased to full speed and altered
course slightly to port to avoid being rammed. I passed about
200 yards ahead of the German ship, who appeared to be one
of the '' Wittelsbach "' class.

6. As soon as we were clear of her stem, she illuminated us
with searchlights, and we came under a heavy fire from her
and the next ship in the line. Two salvoes seemed to strike
us, and in all, I think, we received six hits.

•No. 1 was aft on the port side of the Quarterdeck ; this shot
disabled the whole after gun's crew and supply party.

No. 2 blew a hole in the ship's side in the Commanding
Officer's cabin, about three feet by two, and then wrecked the
whole of the Officers' cabins.

No. 3 made a large hole in the upper deck on top of No. 2
stokehold, and then entering the stokehold cut an oil pressure
gauge pipe. The oil spurting out of this pipe made a considerable
fire.

No. 4 hit beloM the midship gun platform and did little
damage.

No. 5 was, apparently, a shrapnel, and this burst just short
of the ship in line with the t^o foremost funnels, covering the
whole of that part of the shi]i with s])linters. INFost of the cowls
and plates in this part of the .shij) were penetrated bj- these.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 233

No. 6 hit a cowl aft and tlid little damage besides.
If only '■ Petard " had had some torpedoes left, 1 am certain
a successful torj^edo attack could easily have been made.

1 * ^ ^ :): :!<

10. I regret that 1 never saw H.M.S. " Turbulent," who
was in station astern of " Petard," after passing this German
Squadron. According to the evidence of some of my ship's
company I am afraid she must have been rammed and sunk.

11. After this action " Petard " proceeded as fast as possible,
and eventually rejoined the Flotilla at daylight. At 6.0 p.m.
'■ Petard " and " Nicator " were detached to return to Rosyth.
At 7.0 a.m. '" Nicator " transferred Probationary Surgeon Neil
MacLeod to '" Petard," who carried out his work iii a most
excellent manner but, I am afraid, was too late to save most of
the wounded. Previous to his arrival C.P.O. Thomas Knight,
O.N. (165,128). had done his utmost for them.

12. At 3.30 p.m. in Lat. 55.50 N., Long. 0.55 W., " Nicator "
reported that she was attacked by a submarine, and a torpedo
passed under her stern. " Petard " and " Nicator " eventually
arrived at Rosyth at 7.45 p.m.

I have the honour to be,|
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

E. C. O. THOMSON,
The Captain (D), Lieutenant Commander.

13th Destrover Flotilla.

H.M.S. " PELICAN."
13th Flotilla,
Sir, 4th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report the following proceedings of
H.M. Ship under my command during the engagement of 31st
May- 1st June 1916.'

The formation of the fleet was cruising order, course S.S. 1 E.,
19| knots.

The eneni}' Battle cruisers accompanied by destroyers were
sighted at 3.15 p.m. G.M.T.

At 3.45 H.M.S. '^ Champion " and 13th Flotilla formed single
line ahead and took station on starboard bow of the B.C.F.

Fire was opened by the enemy at 3.48 and by our fleet at 3.50.

At 4.20, having received a signal to attack ^ith torpedoes,
the 13th Flotilla proceeded in the order 1st, 2nd and 3rd Divs.
The 3rd Div., consisting of " Narborough " and '' Pehcan,"

^ Part -omitted here, referiing solely to personnel, reconimendatious,
&c. in no wav bearing; on the coin-se of the action.

234 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

were unable to fire torpedoes owing to the other two divisions
being engaged by enemy torpedo craft between the fleets and
by a division of 9th Flotilla, who were coming up in the opposite
direction; we therefore tui-ned to rejoin "Champion."

The flotilla reformed in single line ahead and took station on
the disengaged side of 5th Battle Squadron, Course Nly.

At G.OO the Grand Fleet was sighted steering about S. by E.,
and fire was opened at G.lo p.m.

Between 7.10 and 10.20 Courses were South and South -West
with speeds varying between 10 and 20 knots, during which
time firing was observed on Starboard beam and quarter.

At about 10.35 there was heavy firing in N.Wly. direction,
and destroyers were seen in the Search light rays attacking
ships. Shortly after there was a huge explosion in that direction.

At 0.40, June 1st, when on a Course S.W., speed 30 knots,
observed two ships on Starboard quarter, which were at first
taken to be our Light Cruisers. They switched on three
vertical lights, the upper two being red and the lower
green, at the same time " Pelican's " stern was fit up by a
Search light, which was immediately transferred to " Petard "
and " Turbulent " who were astern.

When sighted position was unfavourable for attack and, as
she was shortly lost sight of, " Pelican " proceeded to regain
touch with the flotilla.

At daybreak it was found that the destroyers then in
company were as follows : — " Narborough," "' Pelican," " Pe-
tard," " Nerissa," " Nicator " and a division of 9th Flotilla,
led by " Lydiard." These were formed up at 1.30 a.m. and
steered N. 70 W. at 15 loiots.

At 5.35, having received a signal to rejoin B.C.F., " Nar-
borough," " Pelican " and " Nerissa " proceeded S. 60 E. at
25 knots.

At 9.50 sighted Grand Fleet, and at 10.08 joined Flag
" Lion," and took up position for submarine screen, Course
N. by W.

At 4.0 p.m. ■' Pehcan " was ordered to return to base to
replenish with fuel, where she arrived at 1.30 p.m., 2 June,
with 9 tons of oil only remaining on board.

Nothing of importance occurred on the passage back.

The conduct of all officers and men was everything that
could be desired under the trjdng circumstances of waiting to
join in the action which I felt confident would be the case, ha\'ing
had the majority of them under my command for over two
years.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obecUent Servant,

KENNETH A. BEATTIE,
The Captain (D), Lieut. -Commander.

13th Flotilla.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 235

H.M.S. -^ERISSA,"
Sir, oth June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report proceedings of R.M. Sliip
under mj" command during lecent action in tlie North Sea on
31st May 1910, and 1st June 1916. Being in company with
1st Battle Cruiser Squadron, '" New Zealand," " Indefatigable,"
" Barham," '" Malaya," " Valiant," " Warspite," " Champion,"
"Fearless," 13th Flotilla, two di\nsions of first Flotilla, one
division of 10th Flotilla, 1st, 2nd and 3rd Liglit Cruiser
Squadrons.

315/ 3Iay.

P.M.

3. 0. 1st Light Cruiser Sc^uadron reported in action.

3.30. Sighted enemy's Battle Cruisers, five in number, with
destroyers and Light Cruisers. 13th Flotilla took
station ahead of 1st Battle Cruiser Squadron, having
been screening them previously.

3.44. Enemy opened fire and action developed.

4. 0. Sighted High Sea Fleet ahead.

4.30. 13th Flotilla ordered to attack enemy's Battle Cruisers
wdth torpedoes. Took station astern of 3rd division of
13th Flotilla and commenced attack on a Northerly
course, owing to enemy turning 16 points, tliis attack
had eventually to be carried out on a Southerly course,
which I did in company with " Termagant," firing two
torpedoes, range 7,000 yards. Just previous to this
attack '■' Nomad " was observed quite close, stopped
and apparent!}' badly damaged in the Engine Room,
the enemy's Light Cruisers were firing accurate salv^oes
during the attack, and this fire was returned, though
spotting was very difficult, one torpedo apparently
took effect on rear ship. Rejoined '" Champion " on
disengaged side of Battle Cruisers, steering to the
Nortliward and joined the Grand Fleet, remaining in
comparA' with '" Champion " throughout the remainder
of the action.

9.10. Altered Course to South 20 knots.

9.36. Altered Course to S.S.E. 17 knots.
11.40. Observed firing and searchlights abaft starboard beam, a
ship apparently being attacked by destroyers, many
salvoes fell between " Nerissa " and '' Moresby," who
was next ahead.
11.45. Lost touch with "Moresby" and remained in company
with " Lydiard." Course S.E., 25 knots.

1.5/ June.

A.M.

12.28. Altered Course to S.W., 30 knots.
1.20. Altered Course to N. 70 W., 25 knots; more firing astern
was observed.

2:Uj BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

A.M.

3. 0. IT) knots.

5.30. Altered course to N. 70 E., 25 knots, to rejoin Battle

Cruiser Squadron in company with " Xarborough "

and " Pelican.'"

I * * * * *

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

M. G. B. LEGGE,
The Captain (D), Lieutenant -Commander,

H.M.S. " Champion."

H..M.S. "ONSLOW.'-
c/o G.P.O.,
Sir, 2nd June, 1916.

I HAVJ-; the honour to forward the following report of the
part taken by H.M. Ship under my command during the action
of the 3 1st May, 1916. During the forenoon and early afternoon
of Wednesday, 31st May, " Onslow," working as a unit of the
13tli Flotilla, was screening the 1st Battle Cruiser Squadron.
At 2.50 p.m. " Onslow " and " Moresby " were detached to close
" Engadine." I took " Moresby " under my orders and pro-
ceeded to close " Engadine " at 25 knots course East, at 3.0 p.m.
" Engadine " stopped and hoisted out one seaplane then
steamed N. b}^ E., 20 knots, waiting for seaplane to return,
finally hoisting it in at 3.45 p.m. At 3.50 p.m. enemy's Battle
Cruisers were sighted steering approximate^ S.S.E., short!}''
afterwards being engaged b}'^ the 1st Battle Cruiser Squadron
and 5th Battle Squadron on a nearly parallel course. I then
asked the Commanding Officer of " Engadine " if he further
required assistance of " Onslow " and " Moresby,'' and on
receiving reply " No," I proceeded with " Moresby " to close
the nearest squadron, the 5th Battle Squadron, at 30 knots,
course S.S.E. at 4.55 p.m. I again sighted the 1st Battle Cruiser
Squadron and enemy's Battle Cruisers returning, steering approxi-
mately N.N.E. I turned to N.N.E., taldng station about
3 miles on engaged bow of " Lion." I found that steering
N.N.E. " Onslow " was rapidly opening from " Lion " and
closing enemy's Battle Cruisers about 5 points on their engaged
bow, distant 18,000 yards. I was unabL> to see any enemy's
Light Cruisers or Destroyers ahead of their Battle Cruisers, and
deemed it a favourable opportunity to deliver an attack with
torpedoes, and with this idea proceeded to close enemy more.
Shortly afterwards four enemy Light Cruisers a])peared ahead of
their Battle Cruisers and closed " Onslow." and opened a heavy
and very accurate fire on both " OnsloM' '" and " Moresbj'.''

1 * Part omitted hero, referring solely to personnel, reeoniinendations,
&.O., in no way bearing on the coarse of the action

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 237

Realising I should be unable to get within torpedo range,
at 5.5 p.m. I retired N.VV. in the direction of " Lion," " Moresbj-,"'
to avoid making a double target with " Onslow," separated and
went astern of 1st Battle Cruiser Squadron, " Onslow " taking
station astern of 1st Light Cruiser (Squadron on engaged bow of
" Lion," course N.N.E. Armoured cruisers of Grand Fleet were
sighted at 5.45 p.m. Grand Fleet Battle Squadron at 5.50 p.m.
I had been endeavouring to join up with one of our Destroyer
Flotillas, the only one close was the 1st Flotilla on the
disengaged beam of 1st Battle (Vuiser Squadron. As I was in a
most advantageous position for repelling enemy's Destroyers
endeavouring to attack 1st Battle Cruiser Squadron, or
delivering an attack mj'^self, I considered it better for me to
remain on engaged bow of " Lion." At about 6.5 p.m. enemy's
Battle Cruisers turned to a course about S.E., 1st Battle Cruiser
Scj[uadron turned to approximately the same course shortly
afterwards. At this moment sighting an enemy Light Cruiser,
cla'^s uncertain, with 3 funnels and topgallant forecastle, only
about 6,000 yards from 1st Battle Cruiser Squadron, I decided to
attack her to endeavour to frustrate her firing torpedoes at our
Battle Cruisers. I gave orders to all guns to engage enemy
Light Cruiser, and 58 rounds were fired at a range of 2,000 to
4,000 3''ards, undoubtedly a large number of hits were scored as
.the}' were easily spotted at this range. While closing this Light
Cruiser I saw Enemy Battle Cruisers had again turned, placing
"Onslow" 4 points on their port bow about 11,000 yards. I
then gave orders for all torpedoes to be fired at enemy Battle
Cruiser line by Gunner T, on receiving a further executive signal
from myself oji the bridge. On arriving at 8,000 yards from
leading enemy Battle Cruiser I gave this signal and turned the
ship to port to bring enemy on my starboard beam. There
appeared to be delay in carrying out the order, and Sub-
Lieutenant R. L. Moore ran down to tubes and got astride
foremost tube alongside Captain of tube's crew. On the sights
coming on to centre enemy's Battle Cruiser, he gave the order
to fire. I saw this torpedo leave the tube and instantaneously
the ship was struck by a big shell amidships the starboard side.
Immediately there was a big escape of steam, completely
enveloping both Torpedo tubes. On enquiring I received a
report that all torpedoes had been fired and consequently turned
away at greatly reduced speed, passing about 3,500 yards from
enemy's Light Cruiser previously mentioned. I sent to Sub-
Lieutenant Moore to find out damage done ; while doing this
he discovered only one torpedo had been fired, and observing
enemy's Light Cruiser beam on, and apparenth' temporarily
stopped, fired a torpedo at her. Sub-Lieutenant Moore, Leading
Signalman Cassin, also several other ratings and myself, saw
torpedo hit Light Cruiser below conning tower and explode.
Sub-Lieutenant Moore then came forward and reported to me we
still had two torpedoes left, and at the same time drew my
attention to enemy's fine of battleships. " Onslow " was on

238 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

their port bow about 8,000 j^ards. Both remaming torpedoes
were tired under the .supervision of Sub-Lieutenant Moore ; they
started the run satisfactorily and must have crossed enemy's
hne. I then proceeded to close H.M..S. " Champion." with the
idea of rejoining 13tli Flotilla, l)ut owing to tMo sliells having
exploded in No. 2 boiler room, and badh' damaged main feed
tank, and all the water in reserve feed tank being now used at
7.0 p.m., ship stopped, and owing to loss of electric current, I
was unable to answer " Champion's " searchhght. At 7.15 p.m.
" Defender " closed " Onslow " and asked if assistance was
required. On learning " Defender " could only steam ten knots,
I asked to be taken in tow whilst endeavouring to effect repairs,
this " Defender " did under very trying conditions and with
large enemj^ ships rapidly approaching. In tow of " Defender "
I then proceeded W. by N. Using salt water feed, Engineer
Lieutenant Commander Foulkes raised steam for slow speed to
enable me to use steering engine and Avhen weather got worse,
to lessen strain on towing hawser. Owing to the ship's condition,
No. 2 boiler room and cajDtain's cabin fiat were flooded and a
considerable quantity of water also getting into Wardroom and
Officers' cabin flat, and weather getting bad, I decided to make
for nearest port — Aberdeen — arriving there at 1.0 p.m. the
2nd June.

I have the honour to ))e,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

JACK C. TOVEY,
Captain (D), Lieutenant-Commander.

13th Flotilla.

H.M.S. " MORESBY,"

3rd June 1916.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS 31st MAY TO 2nd JUNE.

Sir,

I HAVE the honour to report that H.M.S. " Moresby,"
under my Command, was in company with " Engadine " and
" Onslow " at the commencement of the Action. '' Onslow's "
orders were carried out and at 5 p.m. an enemy " Dreadnought "
squadron, then observed steering Northward, was attacked.

I. 5.10 p.m., being two points before the beam of the leading
Ship, 6-8,000 yards, a long range torpedo was fu'ed at the third
Ship. The enemy bad station did not justify further expendi-
ture in view of the night work expected to follow. About
eight minutes later I observed an upheaval due to a Torpedo
and am informed it was on the sixth Ship. This agrees with
the director setting. The enemy were then straddhhg frequently
— my smoke was bad^ — ^I therefore turned towards the enemy
and ran between the lines in order to clear the range from smoke
nuisance.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 23 9

The enemy shooting was very good and had they fired double
salvoes they would have hit. ^y observing attentively and
using large helm, the Ship was not straddled more than (> times
and only one piece of H.E. was picked up.

The enemy Ships appeared not to fire aftei- a certain bearing,
but the fresh Ship starting seemed to straddle with almost the
first salvo, though not again.

The deflection was often too much, and simple use of helm
avoided the follomng salvo which would have hit.

2. Passing astern of the 5th B.S. I rejoined " Champion " at
6.30 p.m. Her orders were then carried out.

3. About 2.35 a.m. four " Deutschland " Class Ships were
seen bearing West, 4,000 yards. I considered action imperative,
hoisted Compass West, hauled out to Port, firing a H.S. Torpedo
at 2.37 G.M.T. No more could be fired as the left tube was
empty and the fore director was pointed skyward w^hen the sights
bore of that tube. This incident and opportunity was over very
quickly as the enemy were steaming 18 knots S.E. A concussion
shook the Ship about 2 minutes later, it was well marked aft and
was felt in the " Obdurate." Mist and smoke prevented the
enemy being seen again, but I feel certain the enemy were
" Deutschland " and that the Torpedo hit something.

4. At 2.47 a.m. the " Champion " was rejoined and her orders
obeyed.

5. At 1.30 p.m., 1st June, orders were received to return to
base, due to lack of oil. " Nonsuch " was heard, and a zigzag
search was carried out until the uncertainty of my position and
lack of fuel caused me to proceed.

6. Four Light Cruisers were met at 3.30 p.m., course N.W.
At 4.40 p.m. 5 " Shannons " and one Destroyer steering N. 50 W.
Base was reached at 7.30 a.m.

7. Torpedoes were observed at 7.48 p.m., 1st May, 2 in No.,
one ahead and the second astern.

About 3.35 a.m., 1st June, two more were seen set shallow,
one of these was just avoided, it appeared to keep very good
depth, but was not a Heater.

1 * * * * «

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

ROGER ALISON,
Captain (D) 13, Lieutenant-Commander.

H.M.S. " Champion."

^ Part omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recomrnendationsj
&c., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

240 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

H.M.S. ' XICATOR,"

4th June 1918.
Sir, War Base.

I HAVE the honour to report in accordance with your
order : —

That on signal from V.A. Battle Cruisers to take station ahead
being received, " Nicator " took up station as ordered.

On finding it necessary to reduce speed to keep station on
" Nomad," who appeared to be dropping astern, permission was
requested and approved to pass ahead and take station astern
of " Nestor."

At 4.15 p.m. Second Division being ordered to attack, full
speed, was ordered. At 4.20 p.m. enemy's destroyers appeared
to be within gun range and effective fire was opened at 7,000 yards
(rate rapidly closing).

At this time " Nestor," with " Nicator " and " Nomad "
astern, was steering a course closing enemy's B.C.F. at an
inclination of about three points, to attain good position to
attack.

On " Nicator " opening fire, second division w^as subjected
to moderately heavy fire from enemy's T.B.D.'s and one Light
Cruiser.

On attaining a position five points before beam of leading
ship of enemy's B.C.F., " Nestor " turned twelve points (approxi-
mately), to Port followed by " Nicator " and " Nomad,'" thereby
steering a roughlv reciprocal course, closing enemy's fine at an
inclination of about two points.

At this time " Second Division " was subjected to a heavy
fire from secondary armament of enemy's B.C.F. and one Light
Cruiser.

" Nomad " was badly hit and hauled out of fine to Port.

Range of enemy's B.C.F. was now estimated at about
6,000 yards, and, position being favourable for attack, a Torpedo
was fired. A second Torpedo was fired at 5,000 yards on the
same side.

This torpedo was fired as it was considered very unlikely that
the ship would escape disablement before another opportunity
occurred. During this attack, enemy's T.B.D.'s were continuall}?^
engaged with gunfire, and were observed to be retiring, leaving
at least two in a disabled condition.

When enemy's B.C.F. bore abeam, " Nestor " and " Nicator "
altered course about twelve points in succession to Starboard.
At the same time enemy's B.C.F. altered course 16 points
together; this brought "Nestor" and "Nicator" still closing
enemy about 2 points on a reciprocal course.

The enemy's B.C.F. was now sui:)plemented by a very large
number of Battleships in line ahead, astern of B.C.F. " Nestor "
and " Nicator " were now subjected to a very heavy fire from
secondary armament of enemy's Battle Fleet at a range of about

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 241

3,000 yards, and position being favourable, a third Torpedo was
fired at second sliip of enemy's Battle Fleet.

" Nestor " and '" Nicator " continued to close until within
about 2,500 yards, when " Nestor " was hit in region of No. 1
boiler room ; she immediately altered course 8 points to
Starboard and " Nicator " was obliged to alter inside her to
avoitl collision, thereby failing to fire a fourth Torj)edo.

Signal for Destroyers recall being observed '' Nicator "
altered to West (approx.) and rejoined '' Champion " forming
single Hne ahead on her. Whilst returning, " Nomad " was
observed to be stopped between the lines.

During Torpedo attack, enemy's T.B.D.'s were passed on a
reciprocal course at a range of about 600 yards ; their fire
appeared to be very poor. Whilst the ship was subject to very
heavy fire from enemy's Battle Fleet, course was altered to
•either side of " Nestor's " wake at frequent intervals to avoid
isalvoes.

At 6.0 p.m. on signal " Pdts. lA " being made " Nicator "
took station astern of " Termagant," informing " Obdurate " of
her having joined First Division. Remained in company with
"" Champion " for remainder of action.

At about 9.30 p.m. (course S.S.E., 20 knots), in company with
^' Champion " and T.B.D.'s, heavy firing was heard and seen off
Starboard bow.

At 9.50 p.m. a/c South, heavy firing was heard at frequent
intervals off the Starboard beam. This was assumed to be a
division of enemy's Battleships or Cruisers being attacked by
divisions of a T.B.D. Flotilla ; vessels attacked appeared at about
12.15 a.m. to be distant f mile.

" Nicator " was occasionally in beam of searchlights and
•several salvoes fell close.

At 12.30 a.m. a/c to S.W., Speed 30 knots (following
'' Termagant").

At 1.17 a.m. a/c to W.N.W., 25 knots.

At daylight it was seen that " Termagant " and " Nerissa "
were astern of Ninth Flotilla; "Champion," and remainder of
First Div. of 13th Flotilla not in sight— (" Turbulent " not in
company).

At 5.50 a.m. a/c to N. 70 E., 20 knots.

At 6.15 a.m., on account of shortage of oil, Avas ordered by
" Lydiard " to return to Base in company with " Petard."

At 3.30 p.m., in Lat. 55 — 50 N., Long. 0 — 55 W., a Torpedo
fired by a hostile submarine was observed approaching from
abaft the Starboard beam at an angle of thirty degrees, running
■on the surface ; helm was at once put hard a starboard and
telegraphs to full speed. Torpedo passed ahead.

On resuming course a submerged explosion was very distinctly
felt all over the ship ; no damage could be found.

X 12872 Q

242 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

Submarine was not sighted.

Arrived Queensferry 0.40 p.m., Ist June.

1 * 4: * * 4l

I have the honour to lie
8ir,
Your obedient Servant,

JACK E. A. MOCATTA,
Captain (D), Lieutenant in Command.

H.M.S. "Champion."

REPORTS OF CAPTAIN (D), 1st FLOTILLA.

Enclosure No. 20 to Battle Cruiser Fleet, Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.

No. 013. H.M.S. "Fearless,"

Sir, 2nd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward the following report of my
proceedings during the recent operations in the North Sea.

2. The first report of the enemy being sighted was received
at 2.30 p.m., G.M.T., on 31st May. The First Flotilla consisting
of " Fearless " and nine destroyers : —

" Acheron," " Hydra," " Defender,"

" Ariel," " Badger," " Lizard,"

" Attack," " Goshawk," " Lapwing,"

was then screening the Fifth Battle Squadron.

3. The action gradually becoming general, " Fearless " and
destroyers took station on the disengaged side of the Fifth
Battle Squadron. About 4.1 p.m., G.M.T., '" Indefatigable "
was seen to blow up, and another big explosion was observed
about 15 minutes later, presumably " Queen Mary.""

4. At 4.45 p.m., G.M.T., our Battle Cruisers were seen steaming
North, and at 4.55 p.m. " Fearless " and First Flotilla altered
course 16 points and steamed North on the disengaged bow of
the First Battle Cruiser Squadron. Although " Fearless " was
steaming at full speed, having received a signal from " Lion "
to close and form Submarine Screen, she Avas unable to get up,
and gradually drojiped back.

5. Soon after this the Grand Fleet was sighted, and at 6.8 p.m.,
G.M.T., finding that " Fearless " could not get up and was
steaming across the front of the Battle Fleet making heavy
smoke, the ship was turned about 32 points, and station taken
up with other Light Cruisers and Destroyers on the disengaged
quarter of the Battle Fleet.

6. This position was maintained until the " Acasta " was
found disabled with, the signal •" In danger of sinking " flying.

^ Part omitted here referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&e., in no way bearing on the eoui*se of the action.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 243

" Galatea " was taking her in tow. " Fearless " relieved
" Galatea " and would have taken the destroyer in tow, but the
latter reported she was not then in danger of sinking and I did
not consider I ought to hamper myself with a disabled vessel in
the middle of the action. I therefore proceeded and followed
after the Battle Fleet, passing the wreck of a Light Cruiser,
upside down and stem out of the water, apparently German,
judging by the draught markings.

7. The Battle Fleet was not picked up until after dusk,
when a column of ships was sighted ahead and station was taken
astern of what was subsequently found to be the First Battle
Squadron. Much heavy firing was observed during the night.

8. About midnight, G.M.T., a large vessel, which appeared to
be a German Battleship was seen to pass down the starboard
side, but as ships ahead did not open fire and it was considered
that she must have been seen, it was thought advisable to take
no action, as her course led directly to the destroyers following,
and, judging from the action which occurred shortly afterwards,
they apparently engaged her.

9. When daylight broke " Fearless " was found to be astern
of " Agincourt " and was ordered alongside " Marlborough " by
the Vice-Admiral, at 2.45 a.m. G.M.T., 1st June, to transfer him
to " Revenge," and this was accomplished at 3.10 a.m.

10. Acting under orders received from the Vice- Admiral,
" Fearless " then proceeded to join " Marlborough " and escort
her.

11. At 4.10 a.m., G.M.T., fire was opened at a Zeppelin,
Latitude 55° 20' N., Longitude 6° 27' East. "Marlborough"
also opened fire, and it retired.

12. At 2.45 p.m., G.M.T., 1st June, 4 destroyers of Harwich
force joined " Marlborough "' for escort duty, and 4 more later;
also 2 patrol destroyers at about 5.0 p.m.

13. " Marlborough " was left off the Bull Lightshij) in the
Humber at 8.0 a.m., G.M.T., on 2nd June, and " Fearless " then
returned to base, arriving at 8.0 p.m., G.M.T,

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

C. D. ROPER,
The Vice- Admiral Commanding, _ Captain (D.),

Battle Cruiser Fleet. First Flotilla.

Enclosure No. 21 to Battle Cruiser Fleet, Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/ 1ft.

No. 013.

H.M.S. " Fearless,
Sir, 6th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward herewith the reports of
proceedings during the action of 31st May of the Commanding

Q 2

244

BATTLE OF JUTLAND

Officers of H.M. Ships "Attack" and "Defender," together
with extracts containing items of interest from the reports of
the Commanding Officers of H.M. Ships " Acheron," ^ " Ariel,"
and " Badger."

2. Owing to lack of speed " Fearless " was unable to keep
up with 1st Flotilla, and at 6.0 p.m., G.M.T., 31st May parted
company with the destroyers, who from that time onward
were in company with 1st Battle Cruiser Squadron and were
not seen again by " Fearless " until return into harbour.

3. The report of the Commanding Officer of " Attack " is
forwarded complete.

2 * * * * *

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your ol^edient Servant,

C. D. ROPER,
The Vice- Admiral Commanding, Captain (D),

Battle Cruiser Fleet. First Flotilla.

H.M.S. "ATTACK,"
Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report that on Wednesday,
May 31st, at : —

P.M.

3.40.

In Lat. 56.52 N., Long. 5.22 E., Course S. 81 E.,
Speed 25 Knots, the 5tli B.S. signalled " Enemy in
sight. " Attack " sighted enemy immediately on.
receipt of signal. B.C.F. engaged, and shortly after- ^
wards B.C.F. appeared to alter course to the S.E.

i^ rZJ-^^^'^^^no^^

lla.

5
50

Scre^""

edhy

reened'^

' Extract from " Acheron " (emitted as containing solely recom-
mendations of personnel in no way bearing on the course of the action.

- Part omitted lieie, referring solely to jiersonnel, recoinmendations,
&c., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

245

The 1st Flotilla was formed in No. 3 Submarine Screen on
5th B.S. organisation as follows : —

0 S^c^aer-

P.M.
3.50.

3.51.

1st Flotilla took station. in Division Line ahead on

Starboard Quarter of 5th B.S.
" Barham " opened fire.
3.54. " Valiant " opened fire.
3.56. " Warspite " opened fire.

5th B.S. was generally engaged and altering course
to the S.E.
3.58. Large explosion to the S.E'ward was observed amongst

B.C.F.
4. 5. 1st Flotilla formed LT2.
4. 6. Enemy returned 5th B.S. fire.
4.15. 5th B.S. and destroyers steering SSE.

^^'%to ro

oooy

d^-

4.16.
4.18.

4.23.
4.24.

4.25.
4.30.
4.31.

Enemy's salvoes falling short of 5th B.S.

,, ,, ,, over 5th B.S.

5th B.S. apparently altered formation to Sub-
divisions in starboard quarter line.

Salvo appeared to hit last ship in enemy's Hne.

Altered course to SE'ward. Large explosion appeared to
take place amongst B.C. Fleet.

1st Flotilla forming astern of 5th B.S.

Enemy's salvoes improving and range decreasing.

1st Flotilla ordered to take station ahead of 5th B.S.
leaving 5th B.S. on starboard hand.

246

P.M.

4.38.

4.38.
4.42.

4.48.

4.50.

4.51.

4.55.
4.59.
5. 4.

5. 6.
5. 9.

5.10.
5.10

BATTLE OF .JUTLAND :

Small craft on port bow opened fire (this ship was so
far off that .she was ahnost undistinguishable).

Enemy's salvoes falling very close to 5th B.S.

Destroyers (1st Flotilla) in divisions Hne ahead astern
of 5th B.S.

rescuing survivors, probably

" Princess Royal," " Tiger "
passed 5th B.S. to port on

Passed British destroyer

from " Queen Mary.'
Battle cruisers — " Lion,"'

and " New Zealand ''

opposite courses.

1st Flotilla turned 16 points together and took

station on port beam of B.C.F. heading N.
Enemy concentrated heavy fire on B.T.F., overs falling

amongst 1st Flotilla. — " Lion "' observed to be hit.
1st Flotilla taking station astern of B.C.F.
" Tiger " on fire aft. — " Lion " and " Tiger " being hit.
Wireless Office reported that enemy's ships repeatedly

making by w/t RA RA RA and jambing

each other.
a/c NW 24 knots. Enemy's fire on B.Cs slackening,

apparently enemy is concentrating their fire on

B.S. astern.
Enemy's salvoes on 5th B.S. observed to be very good.
Light cruisers and Destroyers coming up from the

Southward.
More ships observed coming up from the Southward.
Approx disposition of ships in sight.

Ltght- cru/s^ers

^nc/ destrouers sfe&m/ngr A/. IV.

» ^

2^ /^^Destro(/er^lot^//a

S^^BSsteam ,n^ fo //^^ /JT-f- 2 '^ B C. S^

S'.JE h^&rc/ S* en^^^ec/

h^/^h th

e enernu.

->-

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

247

P.M.

0.13. 1st Flotilla formed submarine screen on B. C. Fleet
B.CF. no longer engaged with enemy.

0.15. a/c X.X.W., enemy no longer in sight.

5.25. a/c N.N.E., and received signal from " Lion " — " Prepare
to renew action."

5.27. a/c N.E. hy N.

5.35. Renewed action with the enemy to the S.W., who
appeared to be steaming to the w'ard.

5.45. Fires observed in " Lion " and " Tiger." Enemy's
salvoes appeared to be very good.

6. 0. Battle Fleet. 3rd B.C. 8., Armoured and Light Cruisers
and T.B.D. Flotillas joined up from the N'ard.
B.C. Fleet altered course to E'ard and 8.E.

(3.10. General engagement.

About this time a Battle Cruiser of the 3rd B.C.S.
blew up. Course and speed of 1st B.CF. S.E,,
28 knots.

Nose of 11-in. projectile (A. P. I) struck "Attack,"
passed through after shelter, pierced upper deck, and
then fell into the Ward Room.

The 1st Flotilla had difficidty in passing through
the G.F. Flotillas just joining up ; it was not easy to
keep " Acheron " in sight, and at the same time avoid
the numerous cruisers and destroyers passing through.
The enemy's projectiles were falling amongst this mass
of T.B.D. 's, and it was remarkable that no one except
" Defender " appeared to be seriously damaged.

6.15. Ship of " Defence " class — on starb. quarter — badly on
fire and then appeared to blow up.

6.25. " Badger ' detached to stand bv survivors of " Invin-
cible."

6.30. Approx. disposition of ships in sight.

ngJJ apP

S.^.

£nennu Jb
S.W-

<3/?prox.

24S BATTLE OF Jl'TLAND :

P.M.

6.32. Passed two halves of vessel (red bottom colour) with bow

and stern sticking out of the water, and bearing SW.
()..39. Fire of B.C.F. and enemy eased up considerably.
0.43. Firing ceased — speed 18 knots — received signal to take

station ahead of Admiral.
6.50. a/c East.
7. 2. a/c 88E and 1st Flotilla formed submarine screen No. 3

on B.C. Fleet, speed 22 knots.
7. 3. Battle iieet engaged to the N.W. B.C. F a/c to

8SW and 8W.
7.11. B.C. Fleet reengaged the enemy. 1st Flotilla in Division's

Line ahead on prto beam of B.C. Fleet.
7.15. Course S.W. and S.. speed 24 knots.

7.21. Received signal from " Lion " — " Enemy's torpedo craft

approaching." Followed " Acheron," who proceeded

to take station ahead of B.C. Fleet. (No attack,

however, was delivered by enemy's torpedo craft.)
7.30. B.C. Fleet ceased fire. Battle Fleet still engaged.
7.35. Course S.8.W., speed 28 knots, enemy away to the

westward.
8.20. B.C. Fleet again engaged the enemy. Course S.W.,

enemy bearing N.W. Great number of enem3"'s overs

falling amongst 1st Flotilla, small splinters striking

" Attack."
8.30. Light cruisers engaged to the W.8.W. of us. " Badger "

rejoined. First Flotilla formed submarine screen No. 3

on B.C.F.
8.40. Firing ceased. Course S.W. 10 knots.
8.50. Speed 17 knots.
9. 0. Large explosion N.

Action ceased as far as B.C. Fleet and 1st Flotilla

were concerned. Two balls of flame were noticed to

fall from the sky far away astern — time not actually

noted, ])ut alKUit 10.0 to 10.30 p.m.
9.18. a/c South, and steamed S. 17 knots until 2.30 a.m. on

1st June, when at 2.35 a'c 16 points.

June 1st.
2.45. a/c N.N.E.

3. 0. Increased to 20 knots.

3.22. a/c N. by E. " Inflexible " and '•' Indomitable " opened

fire on starboard side — nothing visible from " Attack."

4. 0. "Lion's" position 55.2G N.\

6.15 E.J
4. 3. a/c N.N.W.
4.20. a/c N.iE.
4.40. a/c East.
4.50. a/c South, 15 knots, and passed down between two lines

of the Battle Fleet, bound to the N"ard.
4.55. a/c E.S.E.

PiaJc 20.

D.R. P0SIT10!>I3 OF H.IV1.S. ATTACK

D u rTn g t h e engagement

ON WEDNESDAY. MAY 31 ^i- 1916 .

3 .40.| D.R. Lat.56°52^N.
P.M.) " Long. 5°22'E.

lit FLOTILLA SCREENING 59-6.5.
|s.t " " B.C.F-

6.iO

"f^TTACK" Struck

b^'GO-^headafProJecthe.ni'J

6.^3. B.C-F. ceased fif-e

Battle Fleet

'■^ toN.W'.f?)

B C.F. again
engaged with
Enemy to Ward

7 pi Prepared to tahe Station
'^ ahead of B.C.F to repel
J 25 Enemy Torpedo CraFt.

Enemy //est
( J\pprox .)

5-5. Enemy
f^pprox

I 7.-98
/ Pa&sed Floating
Wreckage

8 20 B.C.F heavily engaged
with Enemy

Lsr-je explosion x
obseryvd north

Scafe

10 Miles

IC07Z -2t?^ I =''!:'} Q^ so'jc -y "j

Malbv ASons.Uth.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 249

P.M.

5. 5. a/c N.N.E., speed 18 knots (appeared to be making N.iP].

course.)

5.25. Sighted the Battle Fleet, N.^E., steering N.iE.

5.30. Increased to 20 knots.

5.32. a/c S.E.

6.10. a/c South.

7.25. a/c N.N.E.

8. 0. a/c N.

8.30. B.C.F. formed divisions in line ahead disposed abeam
to port.

9. 0. Formed submarine screen No. 5 on " New Zealand."
9.40. a/c W.S.W

9.45. a/c S.iW.

9.50. a/c S.S.W.

9.57. 15 knots.

10. 5. a/c N.N.by W.

11. 0. Received orders from " Badger " to return to base and

complete with oil. CWrse N. 74 W., 15 knots.

Position 56.03 N.^0.45 p.m. "Lizard" took sta-
6.22 E.J tion astern.

At 0.30 a.m. on 2nd June. Reduced to 13 knots
to economise oil, as was running very short. At
2.30 a.m. saw what appeared to be gun flashes bearing
West.

7.50 a.m. Passed May Island.

Note. — All times G.M.T. All courses and bearings Magnetic.

(2) Diagram of courses during the action is attached.

(3) On arrival in harbour completed with oil ; effected
temporary repairs by ship's staff to hole in U.D., and then at
1.0 p.m. reported to '' Lion " — " Ready for sea."

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
Captain (D), C. H. N. JAMES,

1st Flotilla, Lieut. -Comdr.

H.M.S. "DEFENDER,"
Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report my proceedings during period
noon 30th May to noon 3rd June.

Ship was undocked at Leith at 1.00 p.m. 30th, and jjroceeded
to Rosyth, ammunition and fuel taken on board. At 6.00 p.m.
I reported to Captain (D). First Flotilla that ship was ready for
sea, and requested orders. Orders were given to raise steam and
proceed with them. Sailed with them and under orders of
" Fearless " screened the 5th B.S.

At about 4.30 p.m. 31st May. the action commenced with
the enemy, ship then being with 5th B.S. At about 5.30 p.m.

250 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

" Lion " ordered First Flotilla to screen ahead of Battle Cruisers;
using our utmost sjieed endeavoured to do so, and by the time
the 2nd action was in progress ship was 200 yards on the beam
of " Lion " away from the enemy. At 0.30 a 12-in. shell struck
the ship's side in the foremost boiler room, placing that boiler
room out of action, killinf^a Stoker Petty Officer, and causing an
oil fuel fire. The shell failed to explode, but wrecked a fan, and
other damage to No. 1 boiler, finally lodging in the ashpit. Being
unable to maintain my position in the line, turned 16 points, and
passed between the battle fleets until reached an area of com-
parative calm, when turned again and rej^aired damage. The
fire having been dealt with, it was found a mat kept the
stokehold dry, my only trouble now being lack of speed. I
looked round for useful employ nuMit. and saw a destroyer in
great difficulties, so closed her. She proved to be H.M.S.
" Onslow " (Lieut. -Commander C. J. Tovey) and unable to
steam. Proceeded to take her in tow ; meanwhile the action
had developed more in our direction, and stray shells were falling
round us ; however, by 7.15 the " Onslow " was in tow, steaming
for Rosyth at 12 knots. During the night No. 2 boiler was got
into use.

At 1.00 a.m. the weather became bad and the tow parted;
*' Onslow " was able to steam slowly by herself then, so we went
on slow together. At about 5.00 a.m. had to stop and adjust
bottom lines, which had carried away. It then appeared that
" Onslow " could not make headway, so by his orders took in
tow again, using my wire ; managed this, but towing slip parted
shortly afterwards. Using two shackles of cable round the after
bollards and gun, got her in tow again. Proceeded at eight
knots ; sea still rising continually ; had to reduce speed until
very little headway on.

Unfortunately had hazy idea of position, sounding failed
owing to the sea. The wind, which had been blowing all day
from the S.W., backed suddenly to the North, adding to our
troubles, as it blew hard with a nasty sea.

At 9.30 a.m., 2nd June, land was sighted, and as Aberdeen
was the nearest course, was steered for it, " Onslow " being
transferred to tugs about 1.00 p.m,

" Defender " proceeded to Rosyth, where temporary repairs
to side, shell extracted, were carried out by " Woolwich," orders
were given to proceed to Harwich,

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
Captain C, D. Roper, R.N, L, R, PALMER,

H.M.S. " Fearless," Lieutenant-Commander,

' Part oniittetl here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
cVcc. in no way bearing on the course of the action.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 251

H.M.S. " LIZARD,"

1st Flotilla,
Sir, 2nd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward report of proceedings
whilst at sea on 31st May, 1st and 2nd -lune.

P.M. 30th May.

10.30. Left harbour and formed JG 3 on 5th B.S. After
leaving May Island proceeded on an easterly course.

315/ May.
2.50. Received signal that enemy had been sighted. Shortly
after

3. 0 several enemy B.C. and light cruisers were sighted

ahead on a Southerly course about 12 miles distant. At
3.40 speed of squadron was increased to 24| knots, the

B.C.S. having already opened fire. At
3.50 destroyers were ordered out of the May and were

ordered to form L.T. formation on " Fearless." At

this time " Barham " commenced ranging.

4. 0. " Fearless " and First flotilla were ordered to take station

astern, and whilst doing so, B.C.S. were observed
returning on opposite course. At
5.15 the course being now about North, Destroyers were
ordered into JG 3 on " Lion," but were unable to get
into position as " Lion " was steaming 24 knots. At

6. 5 course was altered to N.E. by E., and action resumed.

The Grand Fleet which had been sighted about 5.30 on
Port bow and deployed at this time commenced firing.

6.20. Course E.

6.30. Course S.E. Enemy being apparently out of range,
fire now ceased.

7. 0. Formed JG 3 on " Lion's " division. At

8.20 sighted several enemy light cruisers on Starbd. Beam,
and " Lion " opened fire, destroyers drawing ahead
to avoid being hit.
8.25. Course W.N.W. (towards enemy). Meanwhile the Grand
Fleet seemed to be heavily engaged astern and on our
Starbd. quarter.
8.27. Course S.W. Received signal that enemy destroyers
were advancing to attack, but their attack seemed to
be driven off by Light Cruiser squadron, which after-
wards appeared to form a screen between us and the
enemy. Nothing further happened until about
2.30 a.m., when a Zeppelin was observed at about 5,000 ft.
and about 6-7 miles away. A Battle cruiser was
observed to fire a salvo at her, and at about
3.30 heavy firing was heard astern. At
11.30 " Lizard " was ordered to return to base and oil.

E. BROOKE,
The Vice-Admiral Commanding, Lieutenant Commander.
1st B.C.S.

252 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS OF
H.M.S. "BADGER," 31st MAY-Ist JUNE 1916.

" At 6.0 p.m. the 3rd B.C.S. was observed ahead heavily
engaged, and shortly afterwards 2 explosions occurred in the
' Invincible,' and she disappeared in a cloud of smoke. When
it cleared the bow and stern were seen sticking out of the water
surrounded by a quantity of wreckage, and at 6.40 I was ordered
by V.A., B.C.F., to return to the ' Invincible ' and pick up
survivors. Commander Dannreuther, Lieutenant Sanford, C.P.O.
Thompson, Yeo. Sigs. Pratt, A. B. Danbridge, Gunner R.M.
Gasson, were picked up, the last-mentioned suffering from severe
burns. ' Badger ' then rejoined ' Lion,' passing through the
Battle Fleet which was engaged."

EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS OF
H.M.S. "ARIEL," 30th MAY TO 2nd JUNE.

" Witnessed the sinking of H.M.S. ' Invincible,' also of an
enemy capital ship near the commencement of the action at
about the same time that the ' Indefatigable ' was sunk, but
was unable to distinguish class or type.

" Continued with B.C.F. till 3.50 p.m., 1st June. At 2.15 p.m.,
1st June, when in approximate position 57° 00' N., 6° 02' E.
passed 20 to 30 bodies of German bluejackets, all supported by
black-covered life jackets bearing a name consisting of about
six letters commencing with the letter L, the bodies had in all
but one case the appearance of having been drowned or having
died of exposure, only one appearing to be damaged. A red

hfe belt bearing the lettering S.M.S. ' L " was also seen,

also black jolly boat marked ' V ' probably from a German

Destroyer, it was empty."

Enclosure No. 22 to Battle Cruiser Fleet, Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.

No. 013b.

H.M.S. " Fearless,"
Sir, 8th June 1916.

With reference to your Memorandum No. B.C.F. 01 of
8th June 1910, I have the honour to report as follows : —

2. At about 5.10 p.m. on Wednesday, 31st May, when on a
Northerly course, " Fearless " being on the i^ort side of 1st Battle
Cruiser Squadron, with the latter heavily engaged, one of the
enemy's ships was seen to be heavily on fire aft, and shortly
afterwards a huge cloud of smoke and steam, exactly similar
to that which accompanied the blowing up of '' Indefatigable "
and " Queen Mary," was seen to ascend and it was assumed that
one of the enemy's ships had blown up.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 253

3. An enemy ship was seen to blow up about 6.30 p.m.,
though beyond the fact that it was a hirge ship the class could
not be stated.

4. As stated in my report No. (ii:^ of I'lid .June, shortly after
INIidniglit when " Fearless " was asteiii of " Agincourt," an
enemy battlcsliip, either of the " Koenig " or " Kaiser " class,
was seen to pass down the starboard side. As she was not
engaged by the ships ahead no action was taken, it being too
late to fire a torpedo when she could be identified as she was
then well abaft the beam.

Her course led directly towards the destroyers following
astern, aiid, judging from the action which followed about
10 minutes afterwards, they apparently engaged her. Heavy
firing broke out which lasted a few minutes, and then a star
shell was fired, and shortly afterwards a very heavy explosion
occurred — much too big for any destroyer or Flotilla leader —
and this was followed by complete silence, which was taken as
eloquent testimony that the one ship had disappeared.

It is considered probable that it was either the 4th or 12th
Destroyer Flotilla which engaged this shij).

The fact that this ship fired a star shell should be an easy
means of identifying the incident.

It cannot be stated as to whether any other ships observed
this incident,

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

C. D. ROPER,
The Vice- Admiral Commanding, Captain (D),

Battle Cruiser Fleet. First Flotilla.

REPORTS OF DESTROYERS FROM HARWICH FORCE
ATTACHED TO BATTLE CRUISER FLEET.

Enclosure No. 23 to Battle Cruiser Fleet. Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12/6/16.

From. — The Commodore (T).

iV^o.— 00101.

2>a/e.— 10th June 1916.

To. — The Vice-Admiral Commanding Battle Cruiser Fleet.

Submitted.

In accordance with j^our telegram of !)th June, timed 11.11,
herewith are forwarded reports from the following destroyers
on the action of 31st May 1916 :—

" Lydiard." " Liberty."

"Laurel." " Moorsom."

" Landrail." " Morris."

254 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

2, H.M.S. " Termagant " is at present detached, Ijut has
been directed by telegraph to forward direct to you her report
without delay.

3. Copies of these reports are being forwarded to the
Commander-in-Chief, Grand Fleet.

R. Y. TYRVVHITT,

Commodore (T).

H.M.S. " LYDIARD, ' i

Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report that in the recent action
I was in nominal command of the following destroyers detached
from the Harwich force : —

" Lydiard." " Moorsom." " Turbulent."

" Liberty." " Morris." " Termagant."

" Landrail." " Laurel."

The first six boats were detailed as submarine screen for
*' New Zealand " and " Indefatigable " (2nd B.C.S.).

" Turbulent " and " Termagant " worked with 1 3th Flotilla
and 1st B.C.S. (" Lion," &c.).

At 10.40 p.m. May 30th. Fleet proceeded.

Noon 31st. 56.44; 3.45.

3.28 " Enemy in sight, E. by N."

3.33 5 Flag. Destroyers ordered ahead

5 miles.
Owing to lack of speed my division
was not able to get ahead, and
I therefore had to remain on the
engaged side of the B.C.S. or drop
astern. I chose to remain where I
\^'as rather than lose all chance of
making a torpedo attack.

At 3.45. The action commenced.
3.58. " Indefatigable " blew up.
4.30. " Queen Mary " blew up.

A torpedo from a submarine went under " Landrail "
and passed between " Tiger " and " New Zealand."

At 4.30. " Lion " ordered us to go away. I turned 16 points

in succession and formed astern of line.
Ordered " Laurel " (who had also failed to keep up)

to pick up survivors of " Queen Marv " (she found

17 in all).
Owing to taking up this position the " L " destroyers

missed making a torpedo attack with the " M's."

1 Plates 21 and 22.

H.M.S. LYDIARD
3|ST MAY 1916.

Plole Zi.

B.C.S.

Tiqer\ ^-' -"^'Z . Liberty

QM\

4 35 P. M

Speed 25 knots

Lion 6

1 ir>ttt

IS""- Flotilla
I Champicn

" Magnetic

Enemy
y X Battle
i I \ Cruisers
»
"\ L.C.S &
'Destroyers

4-45 - 5 35 P.M

I Indefatigable 4 58

Laurel '
I ' \Q.M.5-30

\ \

1 Lydiard

Full speed about 28 knot

Lion

Champion\

5-40 P. M.

5'^ B.C.
opened -Fine

Pos" of Q. IW's wreckaqe.

i- i-L'0urel ordered to rescue
Suri/ivors.

IN.I. ;
iTiger \,_^diard
I \P.R.

Full speed , Z8 knots

/ Lion

Champion

, _ 13 ■• Flo. Bttdcking.

I Enemy

10072- 2»?ff«- Pini. ©. SOOO IZ zo

Malbv iioii.-i.Litii.

H.MS. LYDIARD.

■ 31 ST MAY.

6 00 P.M.

Plate 22.

Champion

• t

I Lydiard

Lion

Bat 1 1 ecru I sens
firing

* t 5^ B.S.
I firing, but not
regularly

f t Enemy

I Battle

A Cruissr

. Squadron

Light Cruisers

^ Scsome destroyers
\ \ under heavy fire

High Sea Fleet
H. unknoY^n

11-30 P.M.

Large 9f»ips
firing on
destroyers

l3^Flat/lli

Charnpion^

\ \ IZ^FIotiJIa

Lyaiord \

South
HKnots

J SI. 20 Knots
'^S W. 25 Knots

SE -25 Knots

iao72-^2ee/p„73 Q sooo. n-TO

Malby iSonsLith.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 255

By 5 p.m. B.C.vS. had turned N.W. " Champion " and T.B.D.'s
were on their port quarter 3-4 miles, and my division
was endeavouring unsuccessfully to keep up with
them.
The 5th B.S. on our S. beam wa.s engaging to star'd
to their great disadvantage (vile background, though
standing out clearly against the Western sky them-
selves).

At 7.30. " Champion " turned south, and I took station on
her port beam for the night.
8.30. Position 57.7 N., 6.13 E.

9.57. Ordered " Moor.som " to return to base — holed aft and
short of oil.
A great deal of firing was observed to westward about
2 or 3 miles away and at about —
11.30 p.m. Fire was opened on us by a line of large ships
which we took to be our own.
"Turbulent '" (I learnt next morning) was sunk — and

another.
" Champion " suddenly increased to high speed and
disappeared to starboard. I continued 8. and
eventually turned 8.W. and W. to get on other side
of the big ships — who still spasmodically opened
fire towards us.

At 4.15, " Laurel " reported sufficient oil to reach base, and
survivors of " Queen Mary " in need of medical
aid. Despatched her to Firth of Forth.

At 6 a.m. I discovered what the haze had hitherto hidden

from me — that I had a long line of stragglers astern

of my division — " Narborough," " Pelican," " Nica-

tor,""^ "Nerissa," "Petard," "Termagant," and

" Morris."

Intercepted 4 a.m. position of " Lion." Set course

N. 77 E. to meet " Lion," but found " L.'s " had

not sufficient oil to reach her and get back to base.

Put " Narborough " in charge of all the " M.'s '*

and ordered him to rejoin " Lion."

7.30 a.m. Proceeded to Firth of Forth with " Liberty " and

" Landrail."
7.10 p.m. Arrived oiler.

1.30 a.m. Proceeded with five boats to escort " Lion " and
B.C.S. into Firth of Forth.
In utmost haste to catch " Landrail."

I have the honour to be,
8ir.
"* Your obedient servant,

M. L. GOLDSMITH,
Com. T., H.M.S. " Carysfort." Commander.

256 BATTLE OF JUTLAND:

H.M.S. •• LAUREL,"
Str, 9th June 1916.

Ix accordance ^^ith your signal 1545 of the 9th June
I have the honour to submit the following re^^ort : —

When the enemy were sighted " Laurel " was in position
E. of Submarine Screen, Figure 4.

Battle Cruisers formed single line ahead and destroyers were
ordered to take station ahead of B.C. Squadron.

" J^aurel " was on the engaged beam of " New Zealand,"
after the B.C. Squadron had formed single Une ahead, and was
going full sjjeed to get ahead into station. Owing to dense
smoke from the funnels which would have obscured the range
of the Battle Cruisers, and as it is impossible for " Laurel " to
proceed at full speed without this dense smoke, it was decided
to pass under the stern of the "Indefatigable"; a parallel
course was then steered on the disengaged side. A position
before the beam of the 4tli ship of the line had been reached
when 9th Flotilla were ordered astern.

At that time " Laurel " was proceeding towards the wreckage
of the " Queen Mary " to pick up survivors and signal was received
from " Lydiard " to carry out this operation. Difficulty was
experienced owing to the heavy wash caused by the Battle
Cruiser and 5th Battle Squadrons passing and re-passing at
close range.

While attempting to hoist the whaler after this operation
one of the blocks carried away, and as the signal to proceed at
utmost speed had been received and the enem}'^ were closing,
whaler was cleared and abandoned. Course was steered to
re-join 9th Flotilla.

En route it was observed that a light cruiser of the " Birming-
ham " class was being fired at apparently by enemy battle
cruisers ; endeavour was made to make a smoke screen between
her and the enemy.

" Laurel " rejoined 9th Flotilla, at 7 p.m under the orders
of ■' Champion."

During the night of the 31st May " Laurel " followed astern
of " Morris," 9th Flotilla being in single line ahead. The 13th
Flotilla was on the starboard and the 11th Flotilla on the port
beam columns 1 cable apart.

Course was shaped for " Queensferry " at 4 a.m. 1st June.
'' Laurel " being sent on ahead with survivors from " Queen
Mary."

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient servant,

HENRY D. C. STANLSTREET,
Lieutenant in Command.
The Commodore (T.),

H.M.S. " Carysfort."

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 267

H.M.S. "LANDRAIL,"
9th Flotilla.
Sir, 9th June 1916.

In accordance with your orders I forward the following
report : —

On the 30.5.16 at 9.35 p.m. Destroyers sHpped and proceeded
joining the 2nd Battle Cruiser Squadron outside the outer boom
Firth of Forth. Having been in company in Night Cruising
Order, Submarine Screen No. 4 was formed at 4.37 a.m., on the
31.5.16.

At 2.38 p.m. 31.5.16. Steam was raised for full speed by Battle

Cruisers.
At 3.28 p.m. Signal was made. Flag, General, " Enemy in sight,
Bearing E. by N."
The Second Battle Cruiser Squadron were in the
van and " L " boats were carrying out the
Submarine Screen for them.
At 3.30 p.m. Second B.C.S. took station astern of First B.C.S.,
and " L " boats were in Division hne ahead on
the engaged side of B.C.S. distance about
5 cables.
3.32 p.m. Course was altered to East, and fire was opened.
3,35 p.m. Destroyers were ordered to take station 5 miles
ahead of B.C.S. and full speed was put on the
telegraphs.
At that time the " L " boats were on the beam of

" Indefatigable " and " New Zealand "
Every endeavour was made to take up the station
ordered and to keep smoke from funnels under.
At 3.45 p.m. Signal was received from " Lion " to clear the
range and as slow progress was being made
in getting ahead the " Lydiard " altered course
16 points to starboard to get astern of B.C.S.
Previous to this signal a torpedo passed under
" Landrail " directed at the B.S.C. and passing
about 60 yards ahead of " Queen Mary." A
periscope was observed on the Port Quarter,
and the signal was hoisted to this effect.
On getting clear of B.C.S. to the rear, H.M.S.
" Laurel " was detailed to pick up survivors
from " Queen Mary."
At 5.5 p.m. Destroyers were ordered to attack, but before
the attack could be dehvered by the " L "
boats the recall was hoisted.
Recall was hoisted at 5.10 p.m. and " L " boats
took station on the disengaged side of the
"Barham,'^ "Malaya," " Vahant," and "War-
spite " about 2 miles.
At 6.40 p.m. Speed was reduced to 20 knots and destroyers
joined H.M.S. " Champion."

« 12827 R

268 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

At 7.5 j^.m. Course was altered to South, and " L " boats
proceeded in comijany with H.M.S. " Lydiard,"
leader of the Division.

At 11.30 p.m. Steering south fire was opened to starboard of
us ; this we took to be our own ships and
continued on our course. Tliis fire was con-
tinued spasmodically, and during it H.M.S.
" Chamj)ion " went on to high speed and disap-
peared without signal.

7.30 a.m., 1st June. Owing to shortage of oil fuel Division
returned to Firth of Forth, where it arrived
at 7 p.m., and completed with oil.

At 1.30 a.m. 2nd June. Proceeded to sea to escort B.C.S. into
harbour.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient servant,

F. E. HOBART,

Lieut. -Comdr., R.N.

H.M.S. "LIBERTY,"

Sir, 9th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report that in the recent action
fought on May 31st, I was in command of H.M.S. " Liberty,"
her position was Fleet No. 2, in the 1st Div. of 9th Flotilla,
astern of H.M.S. " Lydiard."

At 10.40 p.m. May 30th proceeded out of harbour, and formed
submarine screen as ordered, the Port side of 2nd B.C.S.

At Noon, May 1st, position approx. 56.44 N., 3. 45 E.

At 3.28 approx. " New Zealand " hoisted " Enemy in sight,
E. by N."

At 3.33 approx. " Lion " hoisted " 5 flag " destroyers take
station 5 miles ahead of B.C. Fleet. 1st Div. was then on the
quarter of the rear Battle Cruiser.

Telegraphs were put to full speed, and Division endeavoured
to reach their appointed station, passing up the engaged side
of our Battle Cruiser Une ^ mile inside, a very heavy fire was
experienced from the " shorts " of the enemy's Battle Cruisers,
but " Liberty " was only hit by spHnters and no damage was
done.

At 3.45 approx. Fire was opened by the B.C.S.

At 3.50 " Indefatigable " blew up.

At 4.10 approx. " Queen Mary " blew up.

At 4.30, when division was abeam 2nd Battle Cruiser in our
line, " Lion " hoisted destroyers clear the range. The Division
turned 16 points passed down the engaged side and formed
astern of B.C. Line.

At 4.45 approx. the destroyers from the van deUvered an
attack.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 269

The 1st Div. closed the enemy Hne, but owing to the position
they had come from and the van destroyers attacking from
ahead, it was impossible for the attack to get home.

" Lion " hoisted " destroyers recall," and all destroyers
retm'ned ahead of B.C.S.

At 5 p.m. B.C.S. tm-ned to N.W. and destroyers passed
under their stern, and took station on the disengaged side of the
5th B.S., who were engaging the enemy to starboard.

Division again came under a heavy fii'e, but no damage was
done.

At 6.30 p.m. Division joined up with " Champion " and
13th Flotilla.

At 7.30 approx. " Champion " turned to South and division
took station on her port beam. Speed, 15 knots.

At 11.30. Fire was opened on the Flotilla by about 4 heavy
ships, who appeared to be 4,000 yards on our port beam.
SearchUghts were trained on the flotilla, and heavy firing
continued. H.M.S. " Turbulent " being sunk.

Speed was increased to 20 knots and course altered away
from heavy ships, gradually being . altered to round ahead of
them to the S.W.

Speed was increased to 25 knots and course S.W. and W. till
dayUght.

H.M.S. " Liberty " kept close station on " Lydiard " so as
not to lose her.

At dayhght. 1st Division not having enough oil left to
continue, returned to base to oil arriving alongside oiler at
7.30 p,m.

At 1.30 a.m. division proceeded to sea to meet B.C.S. and
escort them in.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,"
Your obedient Servant,
PHILIP W. KING,
The Vice Admiral, Lieutenant-Commander.

Battle Cruiser Fleet

(through Com. T.).

H.M.S. "MOORSOM,"

6.6.16.

PvEPORT OF PROCEEDINGS, 30th MAY-Ist JUNE.

Sir,

I HAVE the honour to report that " Moorsom " under
orders of " Lydiard " left Queensferry at 9.35 p.m., 30th May,
in company with 2nd B.C.S.

At 3.25 p.m., 31st May, Enemy was sighted bearing E. by N.

2nd B.C.S. took station astern of 1st B.C.S. and 9th Flotilla
(which included 10th) were ordered to take station ahead of
'' Lion."

" Moorsom " took station with 13th Flotilla ahead of " Lion."

E 2

260 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

At 4.10 p.ra destroyers were ordered to attack enemy with
torpedoes.

" Moorsom " attacked with the leading division of 1 3th
Flotilla ; but torpedoes were not then fired, as enemy destroyers
attacked simultaneously, and to engage them made position for
torpedo attack bad.

When enemy destroyers had been driven off, Battle Cruisers
had turned IC points and enemy's Battle Fleet was coming up
astern of their Battle Cruisers. Torpedo attack was made on
van of Battle Fleet, two torpedoes being fired.

^ Ship was shortly afterwards hit aft, but no immediate damage
to fighting efficiency was done.

A second torpedo attack on Battle Fleet was then carried
out, two torpedoes being fired.

" Moorsom " then rejoined " Lydiard," who was with
Capt. " D," 13th FlotiUa, on disengaged side of 5th B.S.

> No further active part was taken in the action, ship returned
to base at 10.15 p.m. in accordance with orders from " Lydiard,"
as oil fuel was short owing to damage to oil tanks aft.

I have the honour to be,
Sir, •
Your obedient Servant,

J^. C. HODGSON,
To Commodore " T," Commander.

H.M.S. '• Carysfort."

H.M.S. "MORRIS,"
SiE, 1st June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report that on 31st May 1916 when
attached to the 2nd Division of the 9th Flotilla ("Moorsom,"
" Morris," and " Laurel "), screening the Battle Cruisers, I
sighted the German Battle Cruisers (five ships) bearing East by
North at 3.35 p.m., G.M.T. As soon as tbe 1st and 2nd Battle
Cruiser Squadrons formed line ahead, I increased to fuU speed
to join the " Moorsom."

At 3.50 p.m., G.M.T. , action was joined between the British
and German Battle Cruisers. I was then, owing to the position
I had been in when acting as submarine screen, one mile astern
of the " Moorsom," on the engaged side of the 1st Battle Cruiser
Squadron, and steering S. 64° E.

By the time I had drawn ahead to the beam of H.M.S. " Lion,"
I observed German Destroyers making an attack on our Battle
Cruisers. T turned to Port and engaged those nearest me, one
of which was sunk and two disabled. The Enem}'^ Destroyers
were driven off and did not get within torpedo range of our
Battle Cruisers.

Shortly before the end of this Destroyer action, I came
within torpedo range of the Enemy Battle Cruisers, but could

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 261

not fire my torpedoes owdng to my range being fouled by our
own destroyers. I did not again get within torpedo range of tJie
Enemy.

On rejoining H.M.S. " Moorsom " after the destroyer action,
we were on the disengaged quarter of our Battle Cruisers v.ilh
H.M.S. " Champion " and about 20 to 30 Destroyers of other
Flotillas. We took no further active part in the engagement.

H.M.S. " Moorsom," having been hit, returned to the Base
at 10.15 p.m., after which I remained with the 9th Flotilla led
by H.M.S. " Lydiard " for the remainder of the night.

1 * * * * *

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

E. S. GRAHAM,
Captain (D.), ^ Lieutenant Commander.

10th Flotilla.

" TERIVIAGANT "—REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS] IN ACTION
OF 31ST MAY-lST JUNE 1916.

III.

No. 83/00101.

Commander-in-Cliief
Grand Fleet.

Submitted in continuation of my submission No. 76/00101
of 10th June 1916.

R. Y. TYRWHITT,
15th June 1916. Commodore (T).

H.M.S. " Termagant,"
Sir, 11th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward herewith a report of
proceedings of this ship on 31st May-lst June 1916.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

C. P. BLAKE,
The Commodore (T) Lieutenant-Commander,

(through Captain (D), 10th Flotilla).

1 Part oroitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c. in no way bearing on the course of the action.

262 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

II.

No. A/709.

Commodore (T).
Submitted.

A copy has been sent to V.A., Commanding Battle Cruiser
Fleet.

WILMOT NICHOLSON,
"Aurora," Captain (D), 10th Flotilla.

12th June 1916.

H.M.S. " TERMAGANT "—REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS,
31ST MAY-lST JUNE.

SOth May,

P.M.

9.46. Proceeded under orders of " Champion," with 13th
Flotilla.

3l5^ May.

A.M.

0. 0. Formed submarine screen on 1st Battle Cruiser Squadron,

speed 18 knots; course, N. 73° E.
1.15. Co. N. 81° E.
2.35. Fleet commenced to zig-zag. Co. and speed as requisite

for keeping station.

P.M.

3.25. Co. of Fleet, East; speed, 25 knots. Assumed complete

readiness for action.
3.30. Enemy sighted E. by N.

3.32. 13th Flotilla proceeded to take station ahead of " Lion."
3.42. 13th Flotilla proceeded to take station on starboard bow

of " Lion," 2 mUes.
3.45. 13th Flotilla proceeded to form Divisions in Une ahead.
4.05. " Lion " ordered destroyers to attack with torpedoes.

Proceeded astern of " Nerissa " to attack.
4.32. Opened fire on enemy Light Cruiser, range 5,000 yards.
Under fire of enemy Light Cruiser and destroyers.
No suitable opportunity occurred for firing torpedoes.
4.45. Ceased firing.

Proceeded astern of " Nerissa " to rejoin Flotilla.
5.10. " Lion " recalled destroyers.
5.30. " Lion " a/c N.N.E.
6. 0. Sighted British Battle Fleet.

6.10. " Champion " formed 13th Flotilla in single line ahead,
stationed on port side of British Cruisers. Speed,
25 knots.
6.35 13th Flotilla. Speed, 15 knots.
7.05. Flotilla a/c S.E.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 263

P.M.

7.45. Flotilla a/c S., 10 knots.

8.05. Flotilla a/c W. by S.

8.15. Flotilla a/c West, 17 knots.

8.27. Flotilla a/c W.S.W., 17 knots.

8.40. Flotilla a/c S.W.

9. 0. Flotilla a/c S., 20 knots.

9.30. Flotilla reduced to 17 knots.

10.05. Flotilla reduced to 10 knots.

10.20. Flotilla increased to 17 knots; firing and searchlight to

starboard.

10.45. Flotilla a/c S.E., 20 knots.

11.40. Flotilla a/c S.W., 30 knots.

1st June.

A.M.

1. 0. FlotiUa a/c W.N.W., 28 knots.

2.40. Flotilla reduced to 15 knots.

2.55. Formed divisions in line abreast. Co., S. 70 W.

During the night the 9th flotilla joined the 13th flotilla.
" Termagant " ordered to join 9th flotilla,

5.20. 13th flotilla a/c N. 77 E., 20 knots.

6.10. ' Lydiard ' ordered " Termagant " to rejoin 13th flotilla.
Proceeded 26 knots to search for 13th flotilla.

7.40. Owing to loss of fresh water, which shortly afterwards
necessitated drawing fires in one boiler, and oil running
low, not having sighted 13th flotilla, decided to return
to base. Shaped course N. 75 West; speed, 18 knots.
Arrived Rosyth midnight.

REPORTS FROM COMMANDING OFFICER—
H.M.S. "ENGADINE."

Enclosure No. 24 to Battle Cruiser Fleet Letter No. B.C.F. 01

12.6.16.

H.M.S. "Engadine,"
Sir, 2nd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to make the following report on this
Ship's movements on 31st May and 1st June 1916 : —

When in company with the Battle Cruiser Fleet, Seaplane
No. 8359 was hoisted out at 3.7 p.m. with Fhght Lieutenant

F. J. Rutland, R.N. as Pilot, and Assistant Paymaster

G. S. Trewin, R.N. as Observer, with orders to scout N.N.E. for
hostile Ships, in accordance with your signal received on board
at 2.40 p.m. Their reports are attached.

The delay in hoisting out Seaplane was caused through the
Ship having to keep clear of the Cruisers.

264 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

After the Seaplane was hoisted out, the Ship proceeded in
an E.N.E. direction, same direction as the Seaplane and Light
Cruisers.

The following signals were received from the Seaplane : —

1530. — Three enemy Cruisers and 5 Destroyers, distance

from me 10 jniles bearing 90°, steering course

to the N.W.
1533. — Enemy's course is South,
1545. — Three enemy Cruisers and 10 Destroyers steering

South.
1548. — Four enemy Cruisers and 10 Destroyers steering

South.

The last signal was not received in the Ship, which I think
was due to Seaplane descending at the time and the amount of
other W/T going on. Attempts were made to pass these signals
on to H.M.S. " Lion " by searchlight, but this could not be
done, as apparently she had already opened fire on the enemy.
An attempt was also made to pass them through H.M.S.
" Barham," but this failed also for the same reason.

The Seaplane returned at 3.47 p.m. and was hoisted in, and
the Ship proceeded then to about 4 miles on the disengaged side
of the Battle Cruiser.-; and followed their movements. Two
Destroyers who had been told off as our escort were ordered to
rejoin their Flotilla at 4.12 p.m.

At 6.40 p.m. I passed H.M.S. " Warrior," who had fallen
out of hne in a damaged condition and was proceeding W.N.W.
I asked her if I could be of any assistance and was ordered to
stand by her.

At 8.40 p.m. I took H.M.S. " Warrior " in tow, using her
6|-in. wire, and towed her at 8 knots W.N.W. until 7.15 a.m.
(June 1st) (this Ship doing revolutions for 18 knots).

At 7.15 a.m. I was ordered to shp and proceed alongside
to take off the Ship's company. This was completed by 8.25 a.m.
The position of H.M.S. " Warrior " at this time was Lat. 57° 21' N.,
3° 2' E. She was still afloat, but midships and the afterpart
of the deck were awash. The Captain stated she was making
water fast and would sink in an hour.

H.M.S. " Engadine " then proceeded straight to Rosyth,
arriving there at 1.35 a.m. (2nd June), having on board the
crew of H.M.S. " Warrior," numbering 743, consisting of
35 officers, 681 men, 25 Cot cases, and 2 walking cases.

The weather at the time the " Warrior " was abandoned
was S.W. swell, and wind S.W., force 5, increasing.

When alongside H.M.S. " Warrior " the rubbing streak on
the port-side, midships, was torn off to the extent of about 10 ft.,
and a plate burst on the port side of foremost stokehold, 5 ft.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 265

below the waterline to the extent of about 6 ins. This lias
been temporarily repaired and is quite water-tight.

1 * * * * *

I have the honour to be,

Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

C. G. ROBINSON,
Lieutenant-Commander, R.N.,
The Vice- Admiral Commanding, In Command.

1st Battle Cruiser Fleet,
H.M.S. "Lion."

H.M.S. " Engadine,"
Sir, 31st May 1916.

I HAVE the honour to make the following report : —

At 2.40 p.m. (G.M.T.), in accordance with signal and your
orders, Seaplane No. 8359 was got out and proceeded to scout
for enemy ships.

I was hoisted out at 3.7 p.m. (G.M.T.) and was off the water
at 3.8 p.m. (G.M.T). (Times were taken on board.)

The last information from Ship which I received was, that
the enemy were sighted in a N.N.E. direction, steering North.

I steered N. 10 E., and after about ten minutes sighted the
enemy. Clouds were at 1,000 to 1,200 ft., with patches at
900 ft. This necessitated flying very low.

On sighting the enemy it was very hard to tell what they were
and so I had to close to \vithin a mile and half at a height of
1,000 ft. They then opened fire on me with anti-aircraft and
other guns, my height enabhng them to use their anti-torpedo
armament.

When sighted they were steering a northerly course. I flew
through several of the columns of smoke caused through bursting
shrapnel.

When the Observer had counted and got the disposition of
the enemy and was making bis W/T report, I sheered to about
three miles, keeping the enemy well in sight. While the Observer
was sending one message, the enemy turned 16 points. I drew
his attention to this and he forthwith transmitted it. The
enemy then ceased firing at me. I kept on a bearing on the
bows, about three miles distant of the enemy, and as the weather
cleared a Uttle, I observed the disposition of our Fleet, and judged
by the course of our Battle Cruisers, that our W/T had got
through.

At 3.45 p.m. (G.M.T.) a petrol pipe leading to the left front
carburettor broke and my engine revolutions dropped from
1,200 to 800 and I was forced to descend.

iPart omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations
&c., in no way bearing on the covirse of the action.

266 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

On landing I made good the defect with rubber tube and
reported to the Ship that I could go on again.

I was told to come alongside and be hoisted in. I was hoisted
in at about 4.0 p.m. (G.M.T.).

The visibility at 1,000 ft. was about 4 miles varying to one,
and this reduced the advantage of Seaplane's height. Also the
Seaplane having to remain so close to the enemy increased the
chances of jambing the W/T. The messages, as sent, were
received in H.M.S. " Engadine."

I could not keep both our Fleet and the enemy's Fleet in sight,
through low lying clouds.

I wish to point out the desirabihty of having a good arc
lamp for this work. I could have signalled direct to any Ship
the position of the enemy, if the W/T had been jambed. As it
was, it was not known if the messages had been received until
our Fleet were sighted and their course observed.

The speed at which things took place prevented any receiving,
the Observer being busy coding and sending all the time. The
enemy commenced to jam latterly.

The enemy's anti-aircraft firing was fairly good, the shock
of exploding shrapnel could be felt; the explosions taking place
about 200 ft. away on one side, in front and astern.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
F. J. RUTLAND,
Commanding Officer, * Fhght Lieut., R.N.

H.M.S. "Engadine."

H.M.S. "Engadine,"
Sir, 31st May 1916.

With reference to the flight made this afternoon in
Seaplane No. 8359, to scout for hostile ships, I have the honour
to report as follows : —

2. The clouds were very low, which necessitated low flying,
and therefore reduced the range of visibiUty, which varied from
nil to four miles, except for one short spell, when it was about
7-10 miles. During this brief break in the mist clouds, I sighted
3 Cruisers and 5 Destroyers at about 3.20 p.m.. We closed this
Fleet, and from their position and composition, it appeared to
be hostile. When we had closed them to about Ih miles, flying
at a height of 1,000 ft., I saw more Destroyers, and then heard
the reports of bursting shell and saw shrapnel bursts around us.

3. In the middle of my sending a W/T message, timed 1530,
I saw the hostile Fleet altering course to due South. On com-
pletion of that message, I transmitted another, timed 1533, giving
their alteration of course. The Seaplane altered course to the

OFFICIAL. DESPATCHES. 267

Southward and stood off them about 3 miles, in order to watch
their movements and verify their composition, sending messages
timed 1545 and 1548.

4. Whilst proceeding to transmit the 1548 signal engine
trouble developed and I had to reel in aerial, before actually
landing, starting to reel in at a height of 300 feet. Some of
our Destroyers then came into sight.

5. Whilst on the water a " Town " Class Cruiser passed us>
so I semaphored to her the direction the enemy were steering.

6. The " Engadine " then came into sight and ordered us
to be hoisted in-board.

7. From the time of sighting the enemy to the breaking
of the petrol pipe, I saw none of our Ships in sight ; also as it
was essential to get the information through before the enemy
jambed the W/T, it was impossible in the short space of time
to gauge our bearings from our own Ships.

8. The signals transmitted by me were : —

1530. Three enemy Cruisers and 5 Destroyers, distance
from me 10 miles bearing 90°, steering course
to the N.W.

1533. Enemy's course is South.

1545. Three enemy Cruisers and 10 Destroyers steering
South.

1548. Four enemy Cruisers and 10 Destroyers steering
South.
(This signal was not completed owing to enforced
descent.)

9. I attempted to call up H.M.S. " Engadine " and a
" Town " Class Cruiser, when on the water, with the lamp, but
apparently it was not seen.

10. The enemy Cruisers seen had three fumiels, like the
" Tiger's " funnels (one of the funnels of one Ship painted red),
and hulls were about the length of the " Warrior " Class. They
did not appear sufficiently large for Battle Cruisers and I could
not distinguish their turrets.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

G. S. TREWIN,
Observer.
(Assistant Paymaster, R.N.)

Flight Lieut. F. J. Rutland, R.N.,
H.M.S. " Engadine."

268 BATTLE OF JUTLAND

CAPTAIN'S REPORT— H.M.S. " CANTERBURY."

Enclosure No. 25 to Battle Cruiser Fleet, Letter No. B.C.F. 01

of 12.6.16.

H.M.S. " Canterbury,"
Sir, 2nd June 1915.

I HAVE the honour to report proceedings of this ship from
30th May to Friday 2nd June, during which period I was attached
to a portion of your force, viz., first to Third Battle Cruiser
Squadron, and later to Third Light Cruiser Squadron.

Left Scapa Flow in company with 3rd B.C.S. at 9 p.m.
Tuesday 30th May, and took station five miles ahead, " Chester "
being five miles astern. Shaped course as necessary to maintain
position ahead of Grand Fleet, steaming in S. 73 East direction
until 3.45 p.m. 31st, when in latitude 57*40 North, Longitude
5 '40 East, course was altered to South South Eeast.

At 2.25 p.m. Wednesday 31st reports of enemy's vessels
commenced to be received, continuing to 5.40 p.m., when in
latitude 56-58 North, 6- 14 East, Third B.C.S. turned round to
about N. 30 West. I immediately turned to the same direction
and increased to full speed, quicldy closing.

At about 5.52 p.m. Third B.C.S. opened fire to port, and
immediately after, a four-funnelled cruiser of " Roon " class and a
three-funnelled cruiser were sighted on out port bow ahead of
the enemy's battle cruisers, distance about 12,000 yards, steering
in southerly direction.

To follow Third B.C.S. it would mean running past the
battle cruisers, and considering this inadvisable I turned roughly
16 points to port and engaged enemy's fight cruisers, who were
then administering heavy punishment to two British destroyers,
one of whom was on fire aft, and the other standing by her :
our approach soon reduced the fire on them — we fired 40 rounds
of 6-in. and 35 rounds of 4-in. at a range of 10,000 yards.

The three-funnelled cruiser was seen to be badly on fire aft,
while this ship although surrounded by falhng shot was only
hit once. A 4-1-in. high explosive armour-piercing shell hitting
her in the ship's side just abaft after 6-in. gun, passing through
two bulkheads, the main deck and landing in the fresh water tank
— failing to explode.

I was then joined at about 7.15 p.m. by 3rd Light Cruiser
Squadron, and asked permission to join up under the Rear-
Admiral, taking station next astern of him in Falmouth, and
with 3rd Light Cruiser squadron engaged enemy's head.

I remained under the orders of Rear-Admiral Third Light
Cruiser Squadron until 8.35 p.m. 1st June, when I received orders
to prQceed to Har"wach to join Commodore (T).

At 3.20 a.m. I received orders from the C.-in-C. to proceed
to the assistance of H.M.S. " Marlborough," and sighted her
off the Humber 2.45 p.m. 2nd June.

Plajtt' 23-

^^4

'S'-ar.

Platt23.

to 5 mtles.
;CALE

_ Canterbury \

.VLCS.

■ l»*'A3"'B.CS. I Explanati

- Enemy B.C.S.orCruisers\

- Enemy Crujsers }

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 269

During the action the firing of the German hght cruisers was
all by director, each salvo falling in a space of 30 yards, and being
very rapid.

" Invincible " was seen to blow up at 6.35 p.m., a terrible
explosion taking place, the ship being split in two, her bow and
stern standing on one end entirely separated. In addition to the
light cruisers already reported one battle cruiser (No. 2) was
seen to be heavily on fire.

Attached a rough track chart of the impression that remains
in my mind of the approximate movements.^

I have the honour to be,

Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

PERCY ROYDS,
Vice-Admiral, Captain.

Commanding Battle Cruiser Squadron.

1 Plate 23

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 269

During the action the firing of the German light cruisers was
all by director, each salvo falling in a space of 30 yards, and being
very rapid.

" Invincible " was seen to bloAv up at 6.35 p.m., a terrible
explosion taking place, the ship being spUt in two, her bow and
stern standing on one end entirely separated. In addition to the
light cruisers already reported one battle cruiser (No. 2) was
seen to be heavily on fire.

Attached a rough track chart of the impression that remains
in my mind of the approximate movements.^

I have the honour to be,

Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

PERCY ROYDS,
Vice- Admiral, Captain.

Commanding Battle Cruiser Squadron.

1 Plate 23

270 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

REAR-ADMIRAL'S REPORT— 2nd CRUISER SQUADRON.

Enclosure No. 10 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20 June 1916
from C.-in-C, Home Fleet.

No. 110/001/13.

H.M.S. "Minotaur,"
Sir, 4th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report as follows concerning the
movements of the Second Cruiser Squadron in the action with
the German Fleet on 31st May : —

2. The cruiser line was proceeding in disposition L.S. 1-16,
the ships being stationed from port to starboard as follows : —

"Cochrane" "Shannon" f" Minotaur " (flag).

^ " Hampshire."
[^(Linking with C.-in-C.)

/" Defence " " Duke of Edinburgh " " Black Prince."
\" Warrior."

3. At 5.40 p.m. heavy firing was heard ahead and soon after
ships were seen in the mist. Ships of Second Cruiser Squadron
were recalled and formed into hne, and signal made to engage
the enemy. The conditions were exceedingly difificult ; there
appeared to be one enemy cruiser, but the others were doubtful,
but before fire was opened, a reply to the challenge was received
and showed the ships to be our own 3rd B.C.S. The cruiser
was not seen again.

4. At 5.52 p.m. a signal from " Defence " indicated that
battle fleets would shortly be engaged. I therefore proceeded
for my assigned position 2 points on the engaged van of the
battle fleet. A somewhat wide sweep was made and there was
a Uttle delay owing to an alteration of course by the battle fleet,
but correct station was finally assumed and maintained.

5. At 7.17 p.m. " Duke of Edinburgh " joined my flag.

6. At 7.11 p.m. I proceeded with the squadron at 20 knots
to take up station astern of the battle cruiser fleet who were
then engaged with the enemy. Orders were given to open fire
if favourable opportunity occurred. The control officer, however,
quite rightly withheld his fire, as he could see nothing to range
on or to spot by, and considered it would be an absolute waste
of ammunition which might well be required the following
morning. The cruiser squadron was successful, however, in
drawing some of the enemy's fire. One salvo fell short on the
starboard bow of " Minotaur " and some others in close proxi-
mity ; others near to other ships of the squadron. Later on,
observing that the battle cruiser fleet was altering course away
from the enemy, I followed suit.

7. Throughout the action, only on a verj'^ few occasions
were the enemy ships actually seen, and then extremely indis-
tinctly. Even when the salvoes referred to in the preceding

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 271

paragraph fell, no more than the flashes of the enemy's guns
could be seen, and as the range seemed well outside that of the
9'2-in. and 7-5-in. guns I did not consider it desirable to waste
ammunition, and made no signal to open fire.

8. The " Chester " joined my flag before dark and reported
her condition. I therefore ordered her at dayhght to make
the best of her way to the Humber, informing S.O., Battle
Cruiser Fleet. There was no particular incident during the
night.

9. At about 9.20 a.m. on Ist June the ship passed through
extensive oil patches with air bubbles rising from the bottom
in position Lat. 56*5 N., Long. 6*11 E. This position may give
some clue as to the nationality and class of vessel lying at the
bottom .

10. As regards the behaviour of officers and men, I would
conclude by observing that the demeanour throughout was fully
up to expectations, especially whilst the ship was being fired
at and shots dropping close. The one great disappointment
was that no opportunity occurred of inflicting damage on the
enemy in return.

12. Reports from individual ships, track charts^ of " Mino-
taur " and an extract from " Minotaur's " signal log^ are attached.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
H. L. HEATH,
The Commander-in-Chief, Rear- Admiral.

Home Fleets.

SCHEDULE OF ENCLOSURES IN SUBMISSION
No. 110/001/13 of 4th JUNE 1916.

R.A.C. 2nd C.S. to Commander-in-Chief, H.F.

No.

1. " Minotaur " of 3rd June 1916.

2. " Hampshire " of 3rd June 1916.

3. " Cochrane " of 2nd June 1916.

4. " Shannon " of 4th June 1916.

5. Extracts from Log of " Minotaur."'

6. Chart Tracks of " Minotaur. "2

^ Part onaitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c., in no way bearing on the covirse of the action.

» Plates 24 and 25.

^ "Minotaur's" signal log not printed, as matter is embodied in
Record of British Messages.

272 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

CAPTAIN'S REPORT— H.M.S. "MINOTAUR."

No. 274/14.

" Minotaur,"
Sir, 3rd June 1916.

In accordance with your orders, I have the honour to
submit the following report covering the period from noon,
31st May, to noon, 1st June 1916 : —

2. At noon we were cruising in "L.S.I," "Minotaur"
occupying position " C," advancing 14 knots. At about 2.30 p.m.
reports were received indicating the enemy's presence : steam
was ordered for full speed.

3. At 3.30 p.m. the cruiser hne was ordered to advance to
16 miles ahead, but as the speed of the Fleet was gradually
increased, we never drew more than 12 miles ahead.

4. At about 5.0 p.m. firing was heard on the starboard bow
and, later on, flashes of guns were seen.

5. At about 5.50 p.m. several vessels, two of them large,
were seen in the mist bearing down on us. On receiving no
reply to the challenge, we altered course to Port so as to bring
them abaft the beam, and repeated the challenge. Receiving no
reply to this, I ordered the starboard battery to open fire, but
almost immediately received a report from the top that they
could recognise one of the vessels as the " Invincible " class, and
almost at the same time a ship came through the mist and I
recognised her myself.

7 (sic). This turn to Port took us some Httle way out of our
station and out of sight of the Fleet, so we turned to E.S.E.

8. At 6.8 p.m., having received a report that the enemy had
deployed to the Eastward, we altered course to the North East
to take station on our Fleet, presuming that they were doing
likewise, at the same time collecting our squadron and forming
line ahead. We very soon discovered, however, that this was
taking us further aAvay from the gunfiring and that our Fleet
was not deplojnng to the Eastward, we therefore stood back
to pick up our Battlefieet, arriving on their Port, or disengaged,
bow with all our destroyers and Light Craft between us and
the leading Battleship. This position we maintained for some
time as, owing to not having a very great advantage over the
Battleships in speed and to their constantly altering course to
starboard, we were unable to draw ahead.

8. At 7.10 p.m. the position was as foUows : — We were
leading the Second Cruiser Squadron in line ahead, being three
to four miles on the Port side of the " King George V." gaining
on her very slightly, with all the destroyers and Light Craft
between us and the " King George V." About four miles distant
on our Starboard Bow were the Battle Cruisers. It was now
decided that the place for our squadron was on the Quarter of
the Battle Cruisers Squadrons, which would be in conformity
with the plan of deployment, but this could only be done after

Plctta 24.

TRACK OF

H M.S.MINOTAUR

=iOM b O P M TILL DARK ON 3iST |y,/^

Plate 25.

Noon 3i'*Ma^

Plate 25.

Noon 31'* Ma^

.^:

~~y3\^

Track of H M. S. "M inotaur" \
Noon May 31=' to Noon June 1=' G.M.T. \

Trocng from Chart. 2I82» « f07l. \

OFFICIAi;. DESPATCHES. 273

we had drawn clear of our Battleships, which, I have explained,
we were only doing very slowly. When within about three or
four miles of our rear Battle Cruiser, we observed them to be
lieavily engaged. We could occasionally see the firing of the
enemy's guns, but that was all.

9. At about 8.30 p.m. salvoes of large calibre fell ahead of
us on our starboard bow, and shortly after one salvo fell short
abreast of the ship. I asked the Gunnery Lieutenant in the
top whether it was any use our opening fire, laying on the flashes
of the enemy's guns, and he rephed that he thought it would
be a waste of ammunition as he would be unable to spot anything
but a direct hit, and with this I quite agreed, so we hauled out
a couple of points so as not to steam into the salvoes. Shortly
after this the firing ceased.

10. The whole night we spent steaming south, keeping on
the Port quarter of the Battle Cruisers.

11. At 2.45 a.m. we turned to the Northward. From
o.O a.m. until noon we were conforming to the movements of
the Battle Cruisers, or getting into touch with and forming on
the Battlefieet, which movements are best described by the
chart tracing enclosed.^

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

A. C. S. HUGHES D'AETH.
The Rear- Admiral Commanding, Captain.

Second Cruiser Squadron.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT— H.M.S. " HAMPSHIRE."

No. 7B/83.

H.M. Ship " Hampshire,"
Sir, 3rd June 1916.

In accordance with your signal 1150 of 2nd June 1916,
I have the honour to forward the attached report of proceedings
from Noon, 31st May, to Noon, 1st June 1916.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

H. J. SAVILL,
The Rear-Admiral Commanding, Captain.

Second Cruiser Squadron.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS.

At noon on 31st May, H.M. Ship under my command was
in position observed Lat. 58' 10 N., Long. 3-20 E. steering
S. 50 E. ; speed of advance, 14 knots. The special duty of tho
ship was to act as linking ship between " Minotaur " at position C
and " Active " at jDosition J in L.S. 1 diagram.

A Plates 24 and 25.
X 12872 S

OFFICIAi;- DESPATCHES. 273

we had drawn clear of our Battleships, which, I have explained,
we were only doing very slowly. When within about three or
four miles of our rear Battle Cruiser, we observed them to be
heavily engaged. We could occasionally see the firing of the
enemy's guns, but that was all.

10. The whole night we spent steaming south, keeping on
the Port quarter of the Battle Cruisers.

11. At 2.45 a.m. we turned to the Northward. From
5.0 a.m. until noon we were conforming to the movements of
the Battle Cruisers, or getting into touch with and forming on
the Battlefleet, which movements are best described by the
chart tracing enclosed.-^

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

A. C. S. HUGHES D'AETH.
The Rear-Admiral Commanding, Captain.

Second Cruiser Squadron.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT— H.M.S. " HAMPSHIRE."

No. 7B/83.

H.M. Ship " Hampshire,"
Sir, 3rd June 1916.

In accordance with your signal 1150 of 2nd June 1916,
I have the honour to forward the attached report of proceedings
from Noon, 31st May, to Noon, 1st June 1916.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

H. J. SAVILL,
The Rear- Admiral Commanding, Captain.

Second Cruiser Squadron.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS.

At noon on 31st May, H.M. Ship under my command was
in position observed Lat. 58-10 N., Long. 3-20 E. steering
S. 50 E. : speed of advance, 14 knots. The special duty of tho
ship was to act as Unking ship between " Minotaur " at position C
and " Active " at position J in L.S. 1 diagram.

^ Plates 24 and 25.
X 12872 S

274

BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

3. 0 p.m

3. 5 p.m

3.25 p.m

4.10 p.m

5.10 p.m

5.35 p.m

At 5.40 p.m.
At 5.47 p.m.

At 5.52 p.m.

5.56 p.m.

Hdmpshire

Speed of advance increased to 17 knots, and
course altered to S.E. by S., and
,S. 29 E. and 20 knots.

Speed 21 knots.

Altered course S. 40 E.

Being then haz}^ visibility about 5 miles,
" Defence "' from position D asked course and
speed, and could "' Hampshire " see " Mino-
taur." Course and speed were given, and
bearing and distance of " Minotaur ""— S. 60 E.
9,000 yards from " Hampshire."

Firing was heard bearing south.

Flashes of guns could be seen S.S.W.. and at
same time " Defence " was observed firing.

A ship was sighted on Starboard Bom' steering
to N.E. and challenged. At the same time
course was altered to N. 70 E. to conform
with " Minotaur." The challenged shij) replied
" Zwanzi," and

fire was opened on her at 9.500 vards bearing
S. \ E.

This ship appeared to be a three-funnelled
cruiser, probably the " Kolberg " type, and
appeared to be standing to the N.E., and
one, possibW two, more ships (Battle Cruisers?)
appeared in the haze for about two minutes
ahead of her. Four salvoes were fired at her
in three minutes ; the first missed to the right,
the second appeared to hit and. Hght smoke

M/nataur

IV&rrior
Defence

£nemy
Cruiser

4 p.m

7 p.m

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 275

and steam appeared from the base of the

centre funnel. After the second salvo the

enemy turned away and were lost in the haze.

These ships seemed almost white.
At 6. 2 p.m. Another battle cruiser was sighted, which replied

to the challenge correctly.
Course was altered to fS. (50 E., and

to N. 70 E., to conform with " JV'Iinotaur."
Our Battle Fleet appeared to be deploying to

Starboard and it was reported to '" Minotaur."
At 6.20 p.m. Ordered to close " Minotaur,"' and arrived in

Station astern of " Shannon " at
6.50 p.m. " Chester "" forming astern of " Hampshire."

" Duke of Edinburgh " also came up and

eventually formed ahead of " Hampshire."

Uj) to this time station had been kept between

battle fleet and " Minotaur," the " Active "

having been lost sight of.
At this time, 7.0 p.m., squadron was abreast of

the van of the Battle Fleet, the 2nd Battle

Squadron leading.
At 7.20 p.m. The tw^o leading ships of the squadron passed

ahead of the Battle Fleet, but " Hampshire "

had to keep to port and eventually got back

into station again, when the Battle Fleet

altered gradually to S.W.
At 8. 0 p.m. Heavy firing was heard from Battle Cruiser

Fleet, which was ahead and to Starboard of

our line, and continued for some time.
At 9.42 p.m. Course was altered to S., speed 17 knots for

the night.
At 11.35 p.m. The reflection of flashes from guns was observed

abaft the Port Beam.
At 3.15 a.m. A Zeppelin was observed over the Battle

Cruiser Fleet, bearing S.S.E. and reported to

" Minotaur " and " Lion."
From now till noon, 1st June 1916, "Hampshire" remained
in close touch with " Minotaur." The report of the Control
Officer is included in foregoing.

SUBMARINE REPORTS.

A number of reports from Submarine Look-outs were made,
but the following cases appear on investigation to be reUable.

Many of these reports were made due to the extraordinary
way in which the water was churned up by the number of vessels
at high speed in close proximity.

At 6. 5 p.m. A periscope was reported on port bow and ship
was turned tow^ards it and fire opened on it.
" Midge " also went towards it. This was
undoubtedly a dummy, and was observed very
clearly from the Fore Bridge.

s 2

276 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

At 6.54 p.m. Fire was opened on a periscope on port beam,
and ship turned in that direction. It was
seen by Officer of Y Group, Fore Turret, and
Control Top. It dived and was not seen again.

At 8.40 p.m. An unmistakable jar was felt in Fire Control
position. Fore Turret, " A " Turret, Fore T.S.,
Fore Cross Passage, and Fore " A " and " B "
Shell Rooms, and a very large swirl as from
a submarine almost breaking surface was seen
in our wake, . and must have passed about
20 yards from Starboard Beam of " Chester."
Also the periscope was seen at an angle by at
least two observers. The shock was sufficient
to knock down a projectile in the Fore Turret,
cause the men in the Fore Shell Room to
inquire if the Ship had been torpedoed, and
nearly knock men in submerged flat oflf their
feet.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT— H.M.S. "COCHRANE."

No. 143/B.W. H.M.S. " Cochrane,"

Sir, 2 June 1916.

In accordance with your Signal 1150 of 2 June 1916,
I have the honour to forward an account of the proceedings of
H.M.S. " Cochrane " from noon, 31st May, to noon, 1st June.

2. At noon, 31st May, " Cochrane " was in Lat. 58° 20 N.,
Long. 3° 47 E., steering to the S.E., speed of advance 16 knots,
being the left-hand ship of Cruisers spread in L.S.I — 10 miles,
Destroyer " Mischief " accompanied " Cochrane." 3rd B.C.S.
was occasionally in sight hull down ahead. Battle Fleet (B.F.)
on starboard quarter. Visibility to the Sd. not so good as to
the E. and N.

3. At 2.23 p.m. we received, by intercepted W/T Signal,
the first intimation of enemy being sighted by the Cruisers from
Rosyth — some 70 miles to the Sd. of us. At 2.40 p.m. steam
was raised for full speed. Speed of advance was increased to
18 knots at 3.5 p.m., and to 20 at 3.25 p.m. Heavy firing was
heard to the Sd. about 4.0 p.m. At 6.0 p.m.. Cruisers were
closed and formed single Hne ahead in the order — " Minotaur,"
" Cochrane," " Shannon," " Hampshire " — course South to close
the B.F.

4. From this time " Cochrane " was astern of " Minotaur "
until noon 1st June, so a detailed account of movements is not
given, but a short narrative of what occurred.

5. While we were closing in, the B.F. steered to the S.Ed.,
then S., and then S.W., the enemy being away to the W. and N.
of our battle line. Six of our Battle Cruisers (B.C.F.) were well
ahead of our B.F., steering to the S.Wd., and all Battleships

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 277

and Battle Cruisers were heavily engaged off and on, the heaviest
firing coming as a rule from the van and rear. 5th B.S. was not
seen on the 31st, and I presumed they were in the rear with the
remaining Battle Cruisers. Our Squadron gradually drew ahead
along the disengaged side of the B.F. and reached the van soon
after 8.0 p.m., having been joined by the " Duke of Edinburgh "
at 7.20 p.m.

6. At about 8.0 p.m. we crossed the bows of the leading
Battleship (" King George V ") and made for the disengaged
quarter of the B.C.F. At this time the B.C.F. was steering
about S.W. and the B.F. had altered course more to the Sd.,
the gap between them about 4 miles and increasing rapidly.
The leading ships of the B.F. were not then engaged. The weather
was hazy, visibility about 8 to 10 miles, and owing to this and
the smoke from " Minotaur," which entirely blocked our view
to starboard most of the time, it was very seldom possible to see
anything of the enemy beyond the flashes of their guns. At no
time could I distinguish what their ships were. Later the B.F.
altered to W., but-must have then been out of sight of our B.C.F.

7. The B.C.F., which were on our starboard bow, became
heavily engaged about 8.45 p.m., and enemy salvoes could be
seen falling amongst the light cruisers and destroyers on their
disengaged bow, while one salvo ap})eared to straddle the rear
ship of our line — " Hampshire " or " Duke of Edinburgh."
Firing ceased before 10.0 p.m., when it was nearly dark, and
by 10 p.m. our Fleet had all turned to Course 8., speed 17 knots,
for the night.

8. At 2.45 a.m. on 1st June, Course was altered to the N.,
we being then in I.at. 55° 3 N., Long. 6° 10 E. The morning was
very hazy and throughout the forenoon visibility was seldom
more than 3 or 4 miles. At 3.40 a.m. a Zeppelin was sighted
from the Main Top, South (right astern) a long way off. At
9.0 a.m. there was heavy firing in the direction of the B.F. for
about half an hour. Position at noon 1st June was Lat. 56° 16 N.,
Long. 5° 35 E., Course N.W., speed 20 knots.

9. A short report from the Officer controlling in the Fore Top
— Lieutenant-Commander G. C. Dillon, R.N. — is enclosed.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

E. LEATHAM,
The Rear Admiral Commanding Captain.

Second Cruiser Squadron.

Enclosure to my (" Cochrane' s ") Letter No. 143/^.1^. of 2 June

1916.

About 4.0 p.m. heard firing on starboard bow.
View, during practically the whole of the action was obscured
by funnel smoke of " Minotaur."

278 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

Visibility was very variable the whole time.

Battle Fleet opened fire and deployed into single line. No
splashes of enemy shots were visible.

Sighted B.C.F. taking station ahead of B.F.

L.C.S. on our starboard beam engaged, supported by B.C.F.
Saw occasional glimpses of enemy ships through the smoke,
but could not make out details. Our salvoes appeared to be
falling close to enemy unit, spread of about 500 yards.

B.C.F. and L.C.S. ceased firing, and L.C.S. took station in
rear of B.C.F., Cruiser Squadron being on port quarter of B.C.F.
throughout.

Later, B.C.F. engaged enemy at what appeared to be fairly
close range. Flashes of enemy guns were visible from " Coch-
rane."

Enemy salvoes were consistently about 2,000 yards over B.C.F.
and appeared very ragged. A number of shell were observed
to burst on graze.

B.C.F., L.C.S. and Cruisers turned to port; enemy fired
one or two salvoes at rear ship of cruiser line (" Chester ") which
fell over. A few minutes later enemy fired a star shell which
lit up an area of about 1,000 yards.

About 3.0 a.m. sighted B.C.F. and L.C.S.

About 4.0 a.m. Zeppelin was sighted astern. L.C.S. opened
fire at her shortly afterwards.

E. LEATHAM,

Captain.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT— H.M.S. 'SHANNON."

No. M. 6/1.

H.M.S. " Shannon,"
Sir. 4th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to enclose herewith the following : —

(1) Report on the proceedings of H.M.S. " Shannon,"
including signals received, in company with your Flag
during the 24 hours from Noon, 31st Mav. to Noon. 1st June
1916.

(2) Report by the Officer in the Control Top.

(3) Report by the Squadron Wireless Officer, Lieutenant
Charles G. Fothergill, R.M.L.I., who was on board H.M.S.
" Shannon."!

(4) List of the cyphers received. ^

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your, obedient Servant,
F. DUMARESQ,
The Rear Admiral Commanding, Captain.

Second Cruiser Squadron,
H.M.S. " Minotaur."

^ Not pfinted.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 279

PROCEEDINGS OF H.M.S. "SHANNON," 2nd CRUISER

SQUADRON, DURING THE PERIOD FROM NOON,

3 1st may, to noon, 1st JUNE 1916.

Dispositions.

The Cruisers Avere in L.S. 1-12, and were spread in the
following order : —

" Cochrane '' " Shannon " " Minotaur " " Hampshire."
from North to South.

The 1st Cruiser Squadron were spread continuing the line to
the southward.

" Chester '' and " Canterbury " were stationed about 6 miles
ahead of the Cruiser Line.

Noon .

"Shannon's" position Lat. o810 N., 3-31 E. Course,
S. 50 E., advancing 16 knots.

Positions.

C.-in-C.*s reference position, 58*9 N., 2'o9 E.

Weathei'.

Visibility about 15 miles. Sea calm. Horizon slightly
misty.

Fidl Speed

Received the C.-in-C.'s general signal to raise steam for
Full Speed.

P.M.

2.55. Cruisers increased to 18 knots.

5.10. Destroyer "' Hardy "' screening " Shannon " proceeded

to investigate a Norwegian Barque, she was ordered

by signal to keep on her course (1710). Time did not

permit of investigation.
5.20. Passed Norwegian Barque " Candace "" about five cables

on starboard beam steering N.N.W.

Submarines.

5.25. Opened fire on Periscope on Starboard Quarter. Sub-
marine appeared to come from direction of Barc^ue.

5.27; Periscope rejjorted on port Quarter. Opened fire.
These submarines were apparently waiting near the
Barque in case she were boarded.

5.35. ■• Hampshire "" opened fire on a Periscope and hauled
out of line towards it.

5.38. " Shannon " stationed " Hardy " six cables ahead.

Heavy Firing.

5.40. Heard heavy firing S.S.W.

5.45. A Danish Steamer with the Funnel Markings of the
Danish United Steamship Company bearing South,
crossed ahead from starboard to Port. This ship
altered course twice when on port bow and reduced
speed. Considered suspicious.

280 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

P.M.

5.50. Observed Gun Flashes 8.S.W., visibility now was from

4 to 5 miles. Grey ships were observed from the

Fore Top.
5.55. Opened Fire on Periscope on starboard quarter. Observed

tremendous explosion about this tim« and bearing S.
6. 5. III. B.C.S. sighted 8. 30 E., 5 miles, steering 8.W. to

join B.C.F.
6. 8. III. B.C. 8. at this time altered course to the northward.
6.11. At this time " Cochrane " rejoined from the northward.

" Minotaur " noM^ altered course gradually 32 points

to port.
6.26. " Minotaur " stationed attached T.B.D.'s one mile on

port beam.
6.28. Observed Battle Fleet deploying to 8.E. by E.
6.38. Visibility now about six miles.

Observed " Duke of Edinburgh " bearing South between

K.G.V. and the enemy. At this time also " Chester "

was observed approaching from the Southward to

take station in the Cruiser Line having been damaged

in action.
6.53. Passed the Xlth Flotilla on the starboard beam.
6.58. " Lion " leading Battle Cruisers bearing 8. 40 W.,

5 1 miles.
7.14. "Duke of Edinburgh" joined, coming from the van.

" Lion " and Battle Cruisers altered course to port

and opened fire to 8.W.
7.26. Cruisers trying to cross ahead of van to take up Battle

Station. At this time K.G.V. leading the van was

six cables distant on the starboard bow of " Shannon."

If it had not been for the Battle Fleet reducing to

15 knots, the Cruisers would have been unable to

cross ahead.
7.26. Xlth and Xllth Flotillas now came up on the beam

between K.G.V. and the Cruisers to take station in

readiness for attack. At this time the IVth L.C.S.

passed through these Flotillas and took station on

the engaged bow of K.G.V.
8. 0. Observed " K.G.V. " altering to starboard.
8. 5. At this moment " Shannon " passed a small boat

painted grey inside and out, three cables on the

starboard beam. This boat looked like a Norwegian

Pram.
About 8.15 passed many dead fish floating, also one

ammunition case of foreign pattern floating.
8.18. Lost sight of "K.G.V." at this time on a bearing

N. 10 E. Battle Cruisers on the starboard bow opened

fire to the westward.
8.30. Observed a salvo of five 12-in. fall about 1,000 yards

short of " Minotaur."
About the same time one heavy shell fell about 500 yards

beyond " Hampshire."

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 281

p,M. Cruisers then altered course to port together to open

the range.
8.40. " Shannon " struck some object which bumped along

under the bottom.
8.45. " K.G.V. " in sight N.N.E. 5 miles.

" Lion " and Battle Cruisers bear W, 6 miles.
8.47. Hauled out to starboard to clear the smoke from

" Minotaur " and " Cochrane."
9.37. Sighted " Lion " and Battle Cruisers on port bow altering

to port.
10.15. About this time the enemy fired a large magnesium

Hght lasting two minutes, bearing N.W.

A.M.

2.45. " Lion " and B.C.S. at this time in sight bearing South
6 miles, and the IVth L.C.S. West 6 miles.

3.19. Heard " Indomitable " firing at Airship. This airship

passed to the southward of the Battle Cruisers
steering S.W.
5.11. Sighted Vth B.S. South five miles.

5.20. Sighted " Colossus " S. 46 W. four miles.
7. 0. Passed Dutch Fishing Smack.

7. 5. Passed Dutch Schooner " Europa."

7.40. Sighted " Agincourt " and rear ships of 1st B.S. with
Destroyers N. 18 W., 5 miles.

9. 0. Heard firing N.N.W. This was most probably " Marks-
man " sinking " Sparrowhawk."

9.19. "Minotaur" sent two Destroyers to examine a floating
object which looked Hke the conning tower of a
submarine. T.B.D.'s reported it was a capsized ship,
probably German Destroj^er. Considered most
probable this was " Sparrowhawk " not yet completely
sunk. This was the position signalled by " Marksman."

9.23. Observed Steam Trawler on starboard beam steaming
fast S.S.W.

9.55. Passed a large patch of oil on the starboard hand.
10.10. Sighted IVth L.C.S. and Vth B.S. bearing S. by W.

Note. — Signals, being included in record of British Messages,
have been omitted from this Enclosure.

A REPORT BY LIEUTENANT-COIVIMANDER (G)

F. W. BENNETT, CONTROL OFFICER STATIONED

IN FORE TOP (PRIMARY CONTROL).

H.M.S. "Shannon."
May Mst.

Noon to 3. p.m. — " Shannon " steaming in a South Easterly
direction. Half of Anti-T.B. Armanent closed up on Submarine
Watch. Half of Main Armament manned.

At 3 p.m. — " Action " Stations. Everything prepared in
every way for immediate action with enemy.

2S2 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

Sea calm. Wind 2-3. Visibility seven miles and decreasing.
Between 4 and o..'i() p.m. — Periscopes were reported on both
quarters (probably 3 submarines in all, one showing two peri-
scopes); all were fired on by 12-pdrs. bearing and 30 rds. of
12-p(lr. IS cwt. Common shell were expended.

From Fore Top none were actually seen, these reports being
received from aft ; these periscopes are definitely reported b}'^ the
following Officers : —

Major Troup, R.M.
Lieut. Durnford, R.N.
Lieut. Lambert, R.N.
Lieut. Wilhams, R.M.

as well as by a number of Gunlayers, Guns Crews, a signalman,
and a Rangetaker.

No direct hits on them are claimed, but many shells burst
in their immediate proximity and all ajjpeared to drop asterri
or dive.

It is noted that during this period when Submarines were
undoubtedly present in considerable numbers a large sail, flying
a conspicuously new Norwegian Ensign, with name '' Candace "
" Norge," and two Norwegian Ensigns painted on her starboard
side, was also in the vicinity.

I do not think that she had been examined, and under the
circumstances it certainly was not possible for Second C.S. to
do so.

At about 5.35. " Hampshire," who was at this time next
astern of " Shannon,"' opened fire on a periscope and turned
out of fine to Port in an endeavour to ram submarine.

At about 5.40 heavy firing was heard on Starboard bow'
i.e., from a Southerly direction), this was presumed to be our
Battle Cruisers and 5th B.S., who had been reported jjreviously
as by W/T as being engaged.

At 5.50. — Gun flashes were seen in this direction. Visibility
of Grey shij^js was at this time about 10,000 yards.

At 5.55. — Our Battle Cruisers were sighted with their Starboard
sides engaged Avith an enemy invisible from us — at about tliis
time a large explosion was seen to occur apparently ahead of
and beyond our Battle Cruisers. The tongue of flame from it
appeared to me to reach a height of about 300 ft. and to hang
into the air .for a very appreciable time (say 20 sees.). It was
a dullish yellow in colour and left no smoke visible from
" Shannon " on subsidence.

From this time until about 9.10 i).m. our Battle Cruisers
were intermittently engaged.

At 6.30 p.m. — Some of our Battleships were heard to be in
Action on Starboard Quarter of " Shannon," but it was not
known with whom they were engaged. No enemy shells appeared
to fall close to them.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 283

From this time onward reference is made to the attached
sketches^ made from rough drawings taken at the time by
8ub-Lieutenant B. C. Brooke, R.N.. who was stationed as Rate
keeper in Fore Top of " Shannon."

Fig. (1). Conditions at 6.50 p.m.

" Shannon's " course, S. 40 E.

" Chester " had just come over from Westward and taken
station astern.

Battle Fleet apparently engaged with an enemy bearing S.W.
Battle Cruisers were not now engaged.

Fig. (2). Conditions at 7.5 p.m.

" Shannon's " Course S. 10 W.

Second Cruiser Squadron endeavouring to take up station
on engaged bow of Battle Fleet.

Battle Fleet still engaged.

Battle Cruisers not engaged and turned slightly to Port.

Fig. (3). Conditions at 7.22 p.m.

" Duke of Edinburgh " had now taken station astern of
" Shannon."

Battle Cruisers were engaged, and had wheeled to Starboard.
Leading ships of 2nd C.S. starting to cross boM's of Battle Fleet
from Port to Starboard.

Observed two enemy ships apparently' on fire on Starboard
beam of centre of Battle Fleet.

Battle Cruisers firing intermittently.

Light Cruisers making May through, 11th and 12th Destroyer
Flotillas to attack enemy Light Cruisers.

Fig. (4). Conditions at 7.31 p.m.

Battle Cruisers heavily engaged.

Observed a few enemy shells falKng short of Battle Cruisers,
but the great majority of splashes could not be seen at all from
" Shannon."'

" ]VIinotaur "' and " Cochrane " had crossed bows of K.G.V.
from port to starboard.

" Shannon " was unable to do so and had to shear off to
Port.

Light Cruiser Squadron engaged bearing N.W. from " Shan-
non."

At 7.50 p.m. " Shannon " crossed to engaged bow of
" K.G.V.", visibility decreasing.

At 8.0 p.m. Battle fleet altered course to starboard to
close enemy and by 8.15 were lost to sight bearing about N. by E.

At 8.5 p.m. passed small empty boat, apparently a skiff
not of British Naval build.

8.10 to 8.15 p.m. observed many dead fish floating, as if
kiUed by explosion of mine or ship, also one ammunition case of
foreign pattern.

^ Xo trace of receipt at the Admiralty.

284 BATTLE OF JUTLAND .*

Passed another empty boat, looking like cutter of foreign
pattern.

At 8.15 p.m. — Battle Fleet out of sight from "Shannon"
was heard to be in Action.

British Battle Cruisers re-opened fire on enemy, probably
enemy Battle Cruisers, who answered hotly.

Fig. (5). Conditions at 8.27 p.m.
Course of 2nd C.S., West.

" Shannon " was now in a position, for the first time, in
which her guns could be trained on to what were considered,
it is believed rightly, to have been the enemy's flashes. This
was done, and the Gunlayers subsequently rejiorted no great
difficulty in taking them as their point of aim. Sights were
set to a purely arbitrary range of 15,000 yards and fire could
have been opened, though with no possibility of either range-
taking or spotting the result might have been of negligible value.

Taking into consideration the desirability of husbanding
ammunition for the closer Action which appeared at that time
to be imminent, and the fact that no permissive order to open
fire had been received, fire was withheld.

A salvo of enemj' shell were observed to fall about 1,000 yards
short of " Minotaur " and another salvo fell " over " between
" Shannon " and " Duke of Edinburgh '" and some straggling
shots, possibly rico's, also fell close.

At 8.30 " Minotaur " altered course outwards to S. 25 W.
" Shannon " followed, and although the Battle Cruisers Action
was continued no more enemy flashes or Fall of shot were
observed.

Visibility of grey ship was now about 9,000 yards.

At 8.40 p.m. — A report was received from Transmitting
station and from Main Top that a submarine had been rammed
by " Shannon." Though not seen, this was distinctly felt in
Fore Top, and on subsequent inquiry it appears that Officers
and men in Engine Rooms, Boiler Rooms, Magazines, and
Passages, and in all Turrets noticed and remarked on a loud
bumping and grating sound, and considerable shock to the
ship at about this time.

At 8.45 p.m. — " King George V." again sighted bearing N.N.E-
Visibility had again improved and her range was estimated at
10,000 yards.

Conformed to her course, i.e. S. 75 W. to close enemy.

At 9.10 p.m. — Battle Cruisers reported that they had lost
enemy in the mist.

At about 9.30 p.m. — Hands were sent to Night Action Stations
and all secondary armament was kept completely manned all
night. 9-2-in. Turrets were kept completely manned and
7-5-in. turrets manned with reduced Crews.

The night passed without incident.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 285

June \si.

At 2.20 a.m. — Hands were sent to Action stations.

Desultory firing was heard from 3.0 till 3.30 a.m. and again
for about 15 minutes at 4 a.m.

The remainder of the Morning and Forenoon passed without
incident.

At Noon. — Reduced armament to ordinary daily watch -
kee])ing conditions.

FREDERIC BENNETT,

Lieut. -Comdr. (G).
No. 111/001/13.

Commander-in-Chief,
Home Fleets.
Submitted in continuation of my report No. 110/001/13 of
4th June 1916.

H. L. HEATH,
" Minotaur," Rear-Admiral.

5th June 1916.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT— H.M.S. "DUKE OF EDINBURGH."!

Enclosure No. 11 to submission No. 1415/0022 of 20.6.16.

From C.-in-C, Home Fleets.

Noon 31st May to Noon 1st June 1916.

No. 1/32.

H.M.S. " Duke of Edinburgh,"
Sir, 4th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report that at Noon on the 31st May
1916 the First Cruiser Squadron was spread ahead of the Battle
Squadron in accordance with " Cruising Diagram No. 1 " as
follows :— " Defence " and " Warrior " in position " D," " Duke
of Edinburgh" in position " F," " Black Prince " in position " G,"
ships five miles apart. Course S. 50° E. advancing 16 knots.

At 1.6 p.m. a destroyer was sighted, bearing South distant
about 5 miles, and at 1.33 p.m. the " Black Prince " reported
that she was the " Moon."

At 2.21 p.m. the " Galatea's " signal to the Senior Officer,
Battle Cruiser Fleet, reporting the presence of hostile cruisers
was received.

At 2.40 p.m. the Senior Officer of Cruisers ordered steam to
be raised for full spead.

At 3.20 p.m. Cruisers opened out to 8 miles apart in accordance
with Signal from the Commander-in-Chief and increased speed
of advance to 18 knots.

At 3.56 p.m. Course was altered to S.E. by S. by order of the
Senior Officer, Cruisers.

At 4.40 p.m. " Defence " signalled that she was steering
S.E. to close the " Minotaur " — presumably on account of the

1 Plate 11 a. ^

286 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

decrease in visibility. This Signal was passed to " Black Prince,"
and " Duke of Edinburgh '' altered course and increased speed
to close " Defence."

By n.lM) p.m. the distance apart of Cruisers was about six
miles and the visibility was shghtly greater.

At 5.40 p.m. " Black Prince " signalled by searchlight,
" Light Cruisers, 3, bearing 8.8. E., steering N.E., challenged
answered correctly " (which signal was passed to " Defence ").
At the same moment the Light Cruisers were sighted bj' " Duke
of Edinburgh " and observed to be in action; the enemy were
invisible except for the flashes of their guns. The Light Cruisers
appeared to be the 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron.

At 5.42 p.m. I altered course to port to close " Defence "
by signal and increased to full s])eed ; at the same time I observed
that " Black Prince " had turned about 12 points to port. This
was the last I saw of "Black Prince," but at 8.56 p.m. inter-
cepted a signal from her, " L^rgent, Submarine on port hand,
Lat. 56° 55 N.. Long. 6° 11 E. 2048."

2. The first indication of any proximity of the enemy Fleet
was at 5.40 p.m., when I observed dropping shots falling between
me and the Light Cruisers and in the distance a large amount
of smoke and mist and I presumed that they were being chased
by a superior force.

At 5.50 p.m. the " Defence " and " Warrior " were engaging
a three-funnelled enemy Cruiser, on fire aft, with their starboard
broadsides, having turned about 4 points to port.

At 6.8 13. m. I altered course to Starboard and opened fire
(2 salvoes of port 9-2-in.) at the same disabled Cruiser. I then
observed (on my starboard hand) the van of our Battle Cruiser
Squadron approaching on a Course almost at right angles to my
own, and altered course to port parallel to them. The Battle
Cruisers approached and passed us hotly engaged with the enemj-
on their starboard side. Then I observed the '' Defence '
followed by the " Warrior " alter course across the bows of the
Battle Cruisers, the latter passing very close to the bows of the
" Lion." Being prevented by the Battle Cruisers from following
the " Defence " I proceeded to take up Station on the engaged
bow of the Battle Fleet. Whilst being passed by the Battle
Cruisers we were also passed by a large number of Light Cruisers
and Destroyers proceeding to take up their position at the head
of the line, and it was at this period that we and they passed
through a zone of the enemy's fire, namely, the overs from the
Battle Cruiser Fleet (heavy projectiles and splinters of H.E.
Shells).

3. The Battle Cruiser Fleet, Light Cruisers and Destroyers
gained on me and I was then left on the starboard bow of the
leading Battleship ; but the volumes of smoke we were making
was masking the van Battleships and I crossed to get ahead,
when in that position I saw the Second Cruiser Squadron and
turned to port to join up with them, and remained with them
until noon on 1st June.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 287

4. Whilst ahead of the Battle Fleet at about 0.47 p.m. the
Control Officer aloft — Lieutenant -Commander (G) John K, B.
Birch, Royal Navy — observed the track of a Torpedo passing
from Starboard to Port, and it was owing to his vigilance in
seeing the Torpedo and his promptitude in informing me on the
Upper Bridge that 1 was able to avoid it by putting the helm
hard over to port, otherwise it would have undoubtedly struck
my starboard side aft.

5. The highest speed worked up to in endeavouring to close
' Defence " and failing that in proceeding to the van of the
Battle Line was 136 revolutions — about 22 knots, this is the
same number of revolutions steamed on the Contractors' 8 hour
Full Power Trial in November 1905. This took about half an
hour to work up to.

6. The volume of smoke made by this Class of Shij) on all
occasions of increasing to full speed is very large and thick and
masks the fire of manj^ ships in the vicinity, so that positions
different to those originally intended or generally ordered have
to be taken up.

1 * * * * *

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

HENRY BLACKETT,
The Rear- Admiral Commanding Captain.

Second Cruiser Squadron.

REPORT OF CONTROL OFFICER ON ACTION
OF 31ST MAY 1916.

H.M.S. " Duke of Edinburgh,"
Sir, 4th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report on the action of the 31st
May 1916.

P.M.

5.20. Sighted 2 hght cruisers on starboard bow, steaming
towards us at high speed and in action. Impossible
to see the enemy, only flashes of his guns visible.

5.40. The action closing us rapidly, still very hazy, visibility
6,000 to 8,000 yards, occasional glimpses of enemy.

5.50. Saw what appeared to be two enemy battle cruisers.
" Defence " and " Warrior " opened fire with their
starboard broadsides. A number of Light Cruisers
passing, at close range, between this ship and the
enemy prevented us oldening fire.

6.00. " Defence " and " Warrior " in action. I noticed the
" Defence " was straddled twice by what aj^peared
to be large calibre projectiles.

1 Part omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

288 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

P.M.

6.08. Altered course to Starboard ; this took us clear of our
Light Cruisers and enabled us to open fire on an
enemy 3-funnelled cruiser — apparently the " Augsburg."
At this time the enemy's heavy ships appear to have
turned to the Southward, leaving this Cruiser isolated,
and for a short time a number of ships concentrated
on her. She received a good deal of punishment,
was much reduced in speed, on fire aft, and was struck
twice amidships by a heavy projectile. She continued
firing her bow gun at intervals.

6.12. The Battle Cruiser Squadron overtook and passed us,
they were engaged with the enemy abaft their beam —
the enemy had apparently resumed their original
course — and

0.25. From 6.12 to 6.25 a number of projectiles fell short of
and over the ship. I noticed " Defence " and " War-
rior " circle to starboard and pass between the Battle
Cruisers and enemy, apparently with the intention of
forming up astern of the Battle Cruisers. While
turning up I observed a fire in " Defence," and also
saw an explosion on board " Warrior," which might
have been a torpedo on her starboard side and abreast
of her foremast.

6.35. The action drew away, lost sight of the enemy.

6.38. Passed sunken vessel; she was broken in halves, with
the bow and
stern out of
the water.

Upper works painted white or light grey, green stripe,
probably at waterhne and red bottom colour. The
crew were in a small boat, and were going towards a
destroyer as we passed.

6.47. Observed track of a torpedo, approaching from starboard,
which was avoided by altering course to Starboard
and passed 50 yards clear astern.

6.55. 2nd and 7th Cruiser Squadrons arrived. Took station
astern of " Hampshire." The Battle Squadron were
now in action. No enemy visible from our position,
only*flashes of guns.

7.30. Still endeavouring to get into position ahead of Battle
Fleet, our Battle Cruisers altering course to Starboard
(approximately S.W. by AV.) to head off enemy.

7.55. Several rounds of 3-pr. fired at submarines reported on
our port bow by " Hampshire." I think this was
only a school of porpoises ; in any case the reported
position was one most advantageous to attack us or
the Battle Fleet, and though a careful watch was
kept, no tracks of torpedoes were seen.

sei , sue Wets uiuis.cii iii iio-ivco

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 289

P.M.

8.00. In position on Battle Fleet.

8.25.^ Battle Cruisers engaging again; saw flashes of enemy's
to i> guns. Occasional firing going on, enemy invisible
9.20. J from our position.
9.25. Star shell fired.
10.00, Too dark for long range firing, went to night Defence
Stations.

Nothing more seen of the enemy.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

J. K. B. BIRCH,
Lieutenant-Commander (G).

Captain Henrv Blackett, Royal Navv,
H.M.S. "Duke of Edinburgh." "

CAPTAIN'S REPORTS— H.M.S. " WARRIOR."

Enclosure No. 12 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/16
from C.-in-C, Home Fleets.

H.M.S. " Engadine,"
Sir, 31st May 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report that I abandoned H.M.S.
" Warrior "in Lat. 57° 21' N., Long. 3° 2' E. under the following
circumstances : —

2. " Warrior " and " Defence," after sinking an enemy
Light Cruiser, came under the fire of the enemy's Battle Cruisers.
" Defence " was observed to blow up shortly afterwards, having
been struck by two salvoes in quick succession. " Warrior "
also received pretty severe j^unishment, both engine rooms being
very soon flooded by Kits well below the water line, as well as
by several hits about the water fine and through the upper deck.
The engines, however, continued to revolve and carried the
Ship out of action in rear of our line.

3. Every possible step was taken to shore bulkheads, stop
leaks, and cover holes in the deck.

4. H.M.S. " Engadine " at my request, took " Warrior " in
tow at about 8 p.m., and at 9 p.m. I signalled by W/T to the
Commander-in-Chief : —

" Both engines disabled, am in tow of H.M.S. ' Engadine.'
Proceeding to Cromarty."

5. At this time I. had every hope of saving the Ship. During
the night the wind freshened from S.S.W. to S.W., and the sea
continued to rise. This made the Ship worse, and, combined
with the seas washing over the decks, flooded the main deck.

X 12872 T

2i)() BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

G. After obtaining the opinions of the Engineer Commander,
Commander, and next Senior iinwounded executive Officer, as
to the chances of saving the Ship, as well as my own personal
inspection, I decided that, as it was impossible to save the Ship
under the existing weather conditions, she should be abandoned
and the ])ersonnel saved.

7. I then ordered the " Engadine " to come alongside, a
proceeding involving considerable risk owing to the weather,
and transferred the whole ship's company to her, including
badly wounded cot cases, one of whom, owing to the motion
of the two ships, and in spite of every care, was dropped over
board in the operation, but Avas afterwards recovered dead.

8. After consulting the Officer in Command of " Engadine,"
I decided he should make for Queensferry, and I directed
" Engadine " to report to the Commander-in-Chief the position
in which " Warrior " was abandoned. This signal could not be
passed owing to W/T congestion till 2.0 p.m.

9. I regret to report the casualties as shown on the attached
list. A hst of which has been telegraphed to Admiralty.-^

10. A fuller report will be made as soon as oj^portunity
admits, but I must at once state that all ranks and ratings
behaved in accordance with the finest traditions of the Service,
and every exertion was made to save the Ship subsequently.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

V. B. MOLTENO,
Commander-in-Chief, Captain.

Home Fleets.

Enclosure No. 13 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/16
from C.-in-C, Home Fleets.

H.M.S. "WARRIOR," ACTION OF THE 31st MAY 1916.

Admiralty,
Sir, 7 June 1916.

In amphfication of my letter of the 1st June (dated in
error the 31st May), reporting the abandonment of H.M.S.
" Warrior " on 1st June, I have the honour to report as
follows : —

General Narrative of Events.

At about 5.40 p.m., G.M.T., being in company with " Defence "
(5 cables astern) in position D (L.S. 1-10), steering S.E. by S.
at 20 knots, flashes were observed about 2 points before the
Starboard beam, which I imagined (quite correctly) were our
battle cruisers, engaging the enemy's battle cruisers. Our own
light cruisers appeared to be on the disengaged bow of our battle

^ List not printed.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 291

cruisers, steering so that I was on their Starboard bow. Tliese
light cruisers came in sight at the same time as the more distant
flashes of our battle cruisers guns. As our light cruisers
approached smaller natures of ])rojectiles were observed to be
falling, generally speaking short of them, also heavier natures of
projectiles apparently short of the enemy Battle Cruisers, fired
by our own Battle Cruisers. These projectiles were seen to be
falling before any enemy vessels were seen.

At about 5.47 I observed about 4 points on my Starboard
bow (course still S.E. by S.) three, and possibly four, enemy
light cruisers.

" Defence " altered course about 3 points to port and
brought the second or third light cruiser, which was closer than
the others, to the bearing of Green 80. She 1:hen signalled
" open fire " and " ship interval 12 sees."

This vessel had 3 funnels and appeared to be one of the type
building in Germany for Russia of which Lieutenant (G) had
obtained a silhouette.

I ordered speed to be increased to 21 knots to close " Defence."
Three salvoes were fired by " Defence " and three by " Warrior,"
but all our shots falling short, I ordered " check fire." " Defence "
then altered course to Starboard, bringing the enemy light
cruiser almost ahead and shortly after, by another turn to
Starboard, to about Red 40. Time noted of making this second
alteration of course was 6.1 for " Warrior."

Our light cruisers had now passed under our stern fairly
close to us and projectiles of 6-in. and 4-in. guns were falling
fairly well round us from the aforementioned light cruiser.

At 6.5 Port guns had opened fire on the same enemy. I saw
her hit both by '" Warrior's " and " Defence's " 2nd salvo,
and she appeared to be crippled, and very soon nearly stopped.
" Defence " continued to close her to about 5,500 yards before
turning away to Starboard at 6.17, and "Warrior" closed to
about 3 cables of " Defence " going about 135 revolutions (just
22 knots).

At 6.19 "Warrior" turned to Starboard, and "Defence"
Avas observed to be hit by two salvoes in quick succession.
A huge furnace appeared to be under her fore turret for quite
an appreciable time (10 sees, perhaps) and then she blew up
and disappeared.

From the time of about 6.7 onwards " Defence " and
"Warrior" were being straddled by heavy salvoes (11-in. to
14-in.).

At 6.17 1 ordered the Lieut. -Commander (N) to work the
ship from the conning tower, and entered it myself and continued
to work the ship from that position till the action was over,
Lieut. -Commander (T) and Signal Bosn. remaining just outside,
as there was no room for them inside. A shell a few moments
afterwards wrecked the bridge and wounded Lieut. -Commander
{T) (Lieut. -Commander Bromley) outside the C.T,

T 2

2!>2 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

" Defence " having gone at about 6.20 p.m. and light crui.ser
Russian type sinking just afterwards, I decided to Avithdravv
and obstruct tJie fire of the B.C. fleet and 5th B.S. as little as
possible, but I noticed that the ship was losing her speed as
I turned away, and sent a message to keep the engines going
at all costs.

At 6.32 I received a rejwrt that Starboard engine room was*
disabled, and at 6.33 that both engine rooms were disabled,
and sliortly afterwards that there were two or three fires on
the Main Deck, one especially bad round the .Ship's and Armament
offices, which blocked access to the Engine Rooms. During the
whole time the " Warrior " was withdrawing she drew the fire
of at least four of the enemy's heavy ships, first they appeared
to be Battle Cruisers, but latterly were certainly Battle Ships.

I passed some distance astern of the 5th B.S. except " War-
s.pite," who was considerably astern of the remainder of 5th B.S.
and to Starboard (enemy's side) of the Hne. I should have
passed astern of her also had she not turned to Starboard and
passed under my stern, thereby screening me from the enemy's
fire. This was a particularly gallant act as the " Warspite "
had just been having a very severe pounding herself, and she
probably saved " Warrior " being sunk then and there.

" Warrior " then passed the rear of our own Battle Fleet
and observed one of our armoured cruisers almost astern of the
Battle Fleet, about 4 miles away.

Lieut. Sargent, R.N.R.., who was stationed in the Main top,
reported that he observed a ship of " Black Prince " class blow
up about 10 minutes after the " Defence." Owdng to ofHcers
and men having dispersed, I am unable to get this report
confirmed, but I think it quite probable.

After passing the rear of our battle fleet I shaped a course
for Kinnaird Head, and almost At once sighted the " Engadine."
I directed her to stand by me, as I was badly disabled. Both
engine rooms were filled with water to within 10 ft. of the Main
Deck, but the engines continued to revolve, giving the ship
a speed of quite 10 to 12 knots.

Having ascertained that there was no possibility of the .
engines working for more than another hour, at 8 ]).m. I directed
H.M.S. " Engadine " to take " Warrior " in tow, which she did,
and proceeded towing at a speed of 8.2 knots for the first hour,
and 1 had good hopes of saving the ship.

At 7 a.m. next day, speed was about 6 knots, as " Warrior "
by then had sunk so low aft.

Officers and men worked most heroically in shoring bulkheads,
stopping shell holes and leaks, and manning the hand pumps,
but owing to the rising sea and the list to Port which was
increasing, it was impossible to keep the water from rising on
Main Deck.

At about 7.45 a.m. I decided that unless the ship were
abandoned immediately most of the ship's company and all the

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 293

wounded would perish; I therefore decided to abandon her.
However, as I did not know but that a vessel might be close
by to tow her, and that the weather might possibly get quite
smooth, I closed all the W.T. openings before quitting her. As
it turned out the ship was quitted only at the very last moment,
after which it would have been impossible for the " Engadine "
to get alongside and take off the ship's company,

I consider that two to three hours was the maximum time
she could have remained afloat, under the weather conditions
that prevailed. Every sea was washing over the upper deck,
and her stern was within 3 ft. of the water, and a list of about
6° to Port (Windward).

The position in which " Warrior " was abandoned is
estimated to be 15 miles North Magnetic from that given
originally, viz., Lat. 57.21 N., Long. 3.2 E. This position is
determined after correcting the reckoning when '' Engadine "
made May Island at 1 a.m. next morning. At the time I
signalled Lat. 57.21 N., Long. 3.2 E. this position agreed almost
exactly with the reckoning of " Engadine " and the position
was only subsequently found to be in error as explained above.

I have already forwarded through the V.A., B.C.F., the
action I took in regard to the confidential books and papers on
board, and an additional copy is forwarded herewith.^

To assist in maldng out an accurate account of the battle
I have drawn out the attached series of plans ^ illustrating the
positions of other vessels relative to " Warrior," but, of course,
all the vessels that were -within the radius of vision are not put
down, but those only which I and my Lieut. -Commander (N)
and Lieut. (G) can remember observing.

The times were taken by my Clerk, Mr. 0. H. Matthews in
the lower C.T. with a watch set for G.M.T.

As regards the movements of the other ships of the squadron,
just before opening fire I enquired what v/ere the movements of
the other two ships of 1st C.S. I was informed that the ship
at G was moving to her station on deployment, that at F was
trying to follow " Warrior," and as I looked round T saw the
ship at F about 2| miles W. by S. from " Warrior."

I saw neither of them again during the action, but I was
informed just as " Warrior " left the action and got out of range,
that " Duke of Edinburgh " (but jDrobably this was " Black
Prince ") had been under very heavy fire during the action.
I cannot say who the officer or man was who made this report,
but it was not Lieutenant Sargent, R.N.R.

H.M.S. " Engadine " was most skiKully handled, first when
taking in tow and subsequently in coming alongside. Her
Captain and Officers behaved splendidly in caring for us, and
I am making an application for the Royal Humane Society
Medal for Fhght-Lieutenant Rutland, R.N., Avho gallantly risked
his life to save a wounded man.

1 Not printed. ^ pi^te 26 a—g.

2{»4 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

I am t()i\\ar(liii<;' this incompleted narrative with the attached
plans, wliicii arc not to scale, in order to give a general idea of
what occurred, but 1 shall forward a further amplifying report
in a few daj^s.

All Officers and Men, except those in the following list, have
been sent to their respective Depots to be kitted up, and to have
10 days' leave. The Officers mentioned below I am retaining
in London to coinplete my reports. I have applied for and
obtained a room at the Admiralty where we can meet and M^here
I can be communicated with : —

Commander G. J. P. Ingham.
Lieutenant-Commander E. J. Birch.
Engineer-Commander H. W. Kitching.
Fleet-Paymaster R. W. Walker.
Lieutenant R. Mends.
. Engineer-Lieutenant G. Morgan.
Artificer-Engineer A. J. Daniels.
Mr. Matthews, Clerk.

By orders of the First Sea Lord, Avho expressed a wish to
see me, I am forwarding a copy of this report direct to the
Admiralty.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

V. B. MOLTENO,
The Secretary of the Admiralty, Captain,

and the Commander-in-Chief,
Grand Fleet.

Enclosure No. 14 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/16
from C.-in-C, Home Fleets.
1 * * * * *

GENERAL OBSERVATIONS, DATED 8th JUNE 1916.

By captain, H.M.S. " WARRIOR."

VisibiHty was quite 11 miles at 4.0 p.m., but grew steadily
less up to 7 p.m., when it was onty about 8 miles.

It was much clearer looking to North and West than towards
South and East.

The enemy vessel sunk was the only one which could be
certainly recognised by me, but I am almost certain of seeing
the " Moltke " as well."^

The Signal Boatswain is sure of recognising the " Konig "
or " Kaiser " class of ship.

Lieut. -Commander (N) is certain that leading battleship was
one of the " Kaiser " class.

^ Part omitted referring only to damage inflicted on " Warrior."

rictte 269"

31 - V- 16

5. 40 P. M

British

^ 'SatiJe
Fleet

■ 10'

Minotaur r>

Warrior De Pence

D of E or .
Black Prince

Black Prince
or D of E

SE by S

\ British Light
\ Cruiser Squadrun
\ {emerging fhom mist)
t Distant from Warrior
about 10 miles.

..•••. Hereabouts, flashes
\ ': from guns of Battle
'••■■■' Cruisers, apparently

firing to South eastward.

Grand Fleet in LSI - 10.

ozii^tee'pina (i^~if) so'^t-- n to

MaibyASons.L.ih

FioJe.26^

31 -V- 16

5.50 P.M.

Grand Fleet
apparently
commencing
deployment

Warner Defence

D of E or
Black Prince ^

Black Prince
.^ orPofE.^ \.
Light ^

Cruiser ^^
Scfuadron \

Battle

Cruisers '

(firing toSE)t

Enemy Light .

Cruiser \

fat high speed)

Splashes \ J
apparently
from Battle
Cruisers (British)

SE hy S

U-HIl

Enemy Light Cruiser as seen from War

nor.

lOon- 3*a9a/ftni <f*^ soooii»o

McJby&Sons.Llth.

/'/.,/.• :v;j

31 - V - 16

5. 56 P. M.

'■^^ Grand Fleet
y deploying.

Warrjor
octned fire

Defence

5^^ BS ^"

/ Battle
Cruisers

O IVarsp/te

not under control

Enemy \
Liqht Cruiser

SE by S

lootr 2*xt«l Pins. (iS5i seooiito

MaIby*Sons.L;tfi.

riat/>. 28"^

31- V - 16

6.0 P.M. (about)

Warrior

"11^' ^Defence

Battle
Cruisers f

f
f

r
f

Enemy
Light Cruiser

Enemy
Dreadnought

O Wars pit e

SE by S

Leading Enemy Dreadnougr)t Kaiser C/ass .

1017 2*2es/pin3. ^Td) fooo II to

MajbyifcSonsA

PhiO' 26^: 31 - V 16

6/0 P.M. (about)

Battle

Cruisers

A
/

5'^BS I

\ Warrior

\pefence

' Enemy

♦— Light
G Warrior Cruisers

SE by S

'^'c.nemy
Dreadnoughts

ioozTz^2se/Pin3. (^fooc/iio Malby&Son:,.L.th

PUxLe 2£f

31-V- 16

6 20 P.M. (about)

Battle '

Cruisers '

:th

5^'^ B.S.

Warrior )
Defence /

Enemy light cruiser
/stopped & heavily on

fire .

Q Warspite

Ureaancughts

■ E by S

Defence blew up about chrs time.

loo-ii- z*tte/ Pim li£D sooo ,i to

Mg.'bv&Sor r, Ir^

PLate 269

31 -V- 16
6.30 P.M. (about)

Battle
Fleet

A Cruiser
I Black Prince
Class

Warrior

t Warsp,

ite

Enemy
Drea d noughts

SE by S

-Warrior then passed astern of Battle Fleet and was taken in
tow by Fngadine.

• r»« rmt. JB3) S09Q 'Zto

MalbyftSons,Lith

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 295

Lieutenant (G) is almost certain of the " Moltke " or " Von
der Tann."

Fire from the German heavy ships was by director and very
accurate from the first. Salvoes fell close to the ship almost
before the enemy could be seen.

Calibration was very close indeed, about 75 yards spread
usually.

To the smallness of spread is undoubtedly due the fact that
the " Warrior " was not hit more often. The whole salvo missed
as a rule. There was practically no spread for direction.

At least three, and probably four, heavy ships were firing at
" Warrior " and " Defence " from 6.5 p.m. till 6.40 p.m.

"Warrior" was holed at least fifteen times by 11 -in. to
14:-in. calibre guns, and about six times by 6-in. or 4-in. ; one
of the latter hit the fore turret early in the action doing very
little damage.

" Warrior " was being hit by 6-in. or 4-in. projectiles before
the enemy light cruisers were Avithin range of her guns.

The light cruiser which was sunk was seen to use smoke boxes.
These were floating on the water and gave out a large dirty-
white cloud which at times completely hid her, and v/ere a
great hindrance to the spotting officer.

With regard to spotting, the " over " splashes of a salvo
which straddled were usually visible, but this was not the case
with shots which fell further over.

Owing to the hazy atmosphere and the great vibration aloft
only very low power glasses could be used. The vibration was
abnormal owdng to rigging being cut.

Spray from splashes fell several times into fore top and put
the spotter out of action for about (sic).

At the time " Warrior " was close to " Warspite " the enemy
vessels were no longer visible, but only the flashes of their guns,
while " Warspite " and " Warrior " were receiving very heavy
fire.

There were 100 casualties, 19 of these were in the engine room,
and most of the remainder on the main deck.

V. B. MOLTENO,

Captain.

LETTER OF PROCEEDINGS— FROM COMMODORE,
4th LIGHT CRUISER SQUADRON.

Enclosure No. 15 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/16
from C.-in-C, Home Fleets.

No. C. 14.

" Calliope,"
Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward hereA\Tlth, in the form of a
diary, the proceedings of the Fourth Light Cruiser Squadron

2!)t) BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

when not actually in station, during the Fleet action of 31st
May 1916.

2. The diary has been compiled from the reports and track
charts^ forwarded by ships of the Squadron.

I have the honour to be,
.Sir,
Your obedient (Servant,
C. E. Le MESURIER,
Commodore,
The Commander-in-Chief, Fourth Light Cruiser Squadron.

Grand Fleet.

(Enclosure to 4th Light Cruiser Squadron Letter No. C. 14 of

3rd June 1916.)

DIARY OF PROCEEDINGS.
Date, 31st May 1916. All times G.M.T.

P.M.

5.45. Heavy firing S.S.W.

6.12. One Enemy Light Cruiser to Southward, on fire and

stopped.

6.13. 4th Light Cruiser Squadron turned to East in line ahead.

Battle Cruiser Fleet 2' South, steering East, engaging
enemy Battle Cruisers on parallel course.

6.20. One enemy four-funnel Light Cruiser observed to sink.

6.22. " Queen Mary " blew up.

6.32. " Invincible " blew up.

6.35. " Acasta " badly hit, i)assed through Squadron from
Southward.

6.35. Centre and Rear Divisions of Battle Fleet opened fire.
6.45. Altered course to close " King George V." division.

Received signal for deployment.

7.0-7.15. Took up action station on " King George V."

7.15. One enemy Battle Cruiser (? " Lutzow ") bearing West
surrounded by T.B.D.'s steering slowly to N.W.

7.18. Two enemy Battle Ships " Konig " class, engaged by
" Orion " division, observed heavily on fire.

7.22. Ordered bj^ Commander-in-Chief to attack enemy de-
stroyers. Latter — a half fiotilla — bearing N.W. by N.,
steering towards head of " King George V." division.
Opened fire 8,000-9,000 yards, leading T.B.D. dis-
appeared, one other disabled.

7.25-7.35. At least six torpedoes observed in Squadron to pass
ahead or through the Squadron's track.

7.36. Enemy destroyers retired, 4th Light Cruiser Squadron

resumed station on " King George V."

1 I'late liVf

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 297

P.M.

8.5. " Castor " and T.B.D.'s turned to West, a smoke screen
observed W.N.VV. — 1st Division, " Calliope," " Con-
stance," and " Comus " turned to support " Castor."

8.18. Opened fire on enemy's destroyers, a half flotilla steering
towards rear of Battle Cruiser Fleet in direction S.8.W.

8.24. Enemy destroyers made smoke cloud and retired on
own line.

8.26. Sighted enemy Battle Fleet N.W., 8,000 yards, " Pom-
mern " class centre, " Kaiser " class rear divisions,
course south.

8.28. Enemy Battleships opened fire on Light Cruisers.

8.30. " Calliope " fired a torpedo at leading ship of " Kaiser "
division at 6,500 yards — Light Cruisers retired on " King
George V." divisions heavily shelled by three enemy
battleships.

8.35. Enemy ceased firing.

8.38. An explosion noticed on one " Kaiser " class Battleship.

8.45. " Calhope " took station on 2nd Battle Squadron. " Con-
stance " and " Comus " proceeded through the fine
to get ahea.d of the " King George V."

8.45. " Carohne " and " Royahst " (ahead of '^ Castor " and
destroyers) who Avere ahead of " King George V."
observed three enemy Battleships — pre-Dreadnoughts
N.N.W. closing slowly — leading enemy ship challenged
by Searchlight towards " Castor."

0.5-9.10. " CaroHne " fired two torpedoes and " Royahst "
fired one torpedo at enemy, mean range 8,000 yards.
Enemy opened fire on " Carohne " and " Royahst,"
also on " Comus " — rejoining " CaroMne." Latter and
" Royahst " turned away.

9.14. Enemy ceased firing.

9.17. Enemy fired one large star shell.

9.35. " Calhope " reached head of fine, 4th L.C.S. formed astern
of her. Squadron closed on " King George V." at
2.0 a.m. 1st June.

REPORT FROM COMMANDING OFFICER—
H.M.S. "ABDIEL."

Enclosure No. 16 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/16
from C.-in-C, Home Fleets.

H.M.S. " Abdiel"
Sir, 7th June 1916.

T HAVE the honour to forward herewith report of " Abdiel's "
proceedings during the action with the German Fleet on
31st May and until arrival at Queensferry, 8 p.m., on 1st June.

During the day and until coming in contact with the enemy
at 5.40 p.m., " Abdiel " was in company mth the 4th Light
Cruiser Squadron, who were acting as a screen from four to
five miles ahead of the Battle Fleet and spread | of a mile apart

298 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

to starboard ; " Abdiel " being f of a mile on the port beam of
the Commodore's ship — " Calliope " — the port wing ship.

P.M.

5.45. Steering S.E. ))y S. at 11>| knots, observed ships in action
bearing South and steering East.

Closed " Calliope " on her ordering the 4th L.CS. to
close and form single line ahead.

Remained close the " Calliope," conforming as far as
possible to the movements of the Squadron without
geeting in their way until the Battle Fleet had deployed
at about 6.15 p.m., when I proceeded to the centre
of the disengaged side of the Fleet according to orders,
and remained there during the action.
10.15. Having received orders by W/T from C.-in-C. to lay
mines as directed in Operation Memo. " M " of
31st Ma}'^, proceeded S.S.E. at 31 knots.

A.M. Isf June.

0.30. Sighted Horns Reef Light Ship ; bearing E. by S.
1.24. Arrived at a position 15 miles 215° from Vyl Lightship;
reduced speed and ran a line of 80 mines, 10 to the
mile, set for 15 ft. deep at low water, steering S. 9 E.
(mag.) for the first 40 and S. 34 W. (mag.) for the
remainder, zig-zagging on each course.
2. 4. Finished laying mines and proceeded North at 30 knots.
2.20. A/c to N. 77 W.
2.55. A/c to S. 79 W.

3.50. Heard heavy firing S.W. about 10 miles off.
4.30. Reduced to 25 knots.
7.40. A/c to N. 46 W., having passed round the South of

Area 1 Minefield according to orders.
4.40. Passed four of 8th Flotilla Patrol and arrived at Queens-
ferry at 8 p.m., having met or seen nothing else.
While laying the mines the lights of 3 Fishing Vessels
were seen, but I am of opinion that they did not
observe " Abdiel " or what she was doing, as it was
not daylight and visibiHty was very lo^^• OMing to
drizzhng rain and overcast sky. •

No mines were seen to remain on the surface.
The ship was not hit during the action.
T have the honour to be,
Sir,
The Commander-in-Chief, Your obedient Servant,

Grand Fleet, B. CURTIS,

H.M.S. " Iron Duke." Commander in Command.

C17/1. II.

Commander-in-Chief, Grand Fleet.
Submitted.

C.E.C.M.,
Commodore, 4th Light Cruiser Squadron.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 299

H.M.S. " Oak " — Report of Proceedings during the Action

OF 31sT May, 191(5.
No. 0/13.

Commander-in-Chief,
Home Fleets.

Forwarded.

H.M.S. '• Iron Duke," FRED C. D. DREYER,

10th June 191G. Captain.

Enclosure No. 17 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/16
from C.-in-C, Home Fleets.

H.M.S. " Oak,"
Sir, 9th June 1910.

I HAVE the honour to make the following report on the
movements of H.M.S. " Oak," and of the observations from
that vessel, of the action fought on 31st May and of the night
action which followed.

At 5.55 p.m. " Oak " took up her station for the approach
2 cables astern of H.M.S. " Canada," and at 6.04 p.m. the fleet
deployed to port, to South, and speed was reduced to 18 knots.
" Oak " turned so as to keep about 2,500 yards on the disengaged
beam.

A very -^ddely-spread salvo, from the enemy, here straddled
the " Iron Duke," the nearest shot being about 1,000 yards
over.

At 6.08 p.m. " Iron Duke " opened fire at what appeared to
me to be a battleship of the '■ Koenig "" class. She had two tall
funnels. The first salvo was short, the second over, and the
third straddled with, I think, two hits. Each subsequent salvo
appeared to me to straddle, with varying hits between 1 and 3
from each salvo.

At 6.12 p.m. course was altered to S.E. by S. The above
enemy ship was last seen by me, enveloped in a mist of steam
or white smoke, with occasional bursts of flame coming from her.

During this period I gradually increased the distance from
the line to 3,500 yards, as a few overs had begun to pitch about
2,500 to 3,000 over. These were all isolated shots, and the return
fire from the enemy at the 4th and 1st Battle Squadrons, appeared
to me to be very wild. Salvoes were badly spread, which is not
usual with German fire, and most of them were pitching very
badly short. It struck me that the enemy's morale was already
badly shaken. The only hit seen by me on our battle line was
one, on a vessel of the " Hercules " class. No shots were
observed to be fired at the 2nd B.S.

Also during this period the ]st cruiser squadron, which had
been on a beam bearing from the " Iron Duke," turned to

30(J BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

starboard and engaged the enemy at close range, on an oj)posite
course, apparently about 6 to 7 thousand yards. Enemy's, fire
at these ships was fairly good, but even these salvoes were
observed to be badly spread out, usually about 800 to 1,000
yards. Shots from one salvo were seen to hit " Defence " aft,
and the after magazine exploded. The flame and smoke from
this explosion rose at least a 1,000 feet into the air. The sliip,
however, continued to steam on, but a second salvo hit her and
she then disappeared. The actual sinking of the " Defence "
and " Black Prince " was not observed.

At 6.22 p.m. speed was reduced to 14 knots, and shortly after
course was altered by divisions to S.S.E. The leading ships then
ran into a heavy bank of mist, in which the visibilitj^ was reduced
to about 4,000 yards.

At 6.30 p.m. course was altered by divisions to South.

An enemy Battle-Cruiser of the latest type was then observed
bearing about West, heading S.S.E. and making very little way
tlirough the water. She had tA\o funnels spaced very far apart,
the visible section of which appeared to be almost square. At
that range no masts could be seen, so they must have been of the
light pole variety, or else they had been shot away. SMps
opened on her in succession and she was badly punished ; she
still continued to fire, however, but their fall was only occasion-
ally seen. One salvo from " Iron Duke " was observed to start
a very big fire in her just abaft the after superstructm'e and before
the after turret. The ship was evidently doomed, and to screen
her from further damage, or perhaps to enable her crew to be
rescued, a division of enemy T.B.'s were observed to close our
hue, heading about S.S.E. and lajdng a smoke screen. " Iron
Duke " opened fire Avith 6-in., and the leading boat shortly
disappeared behind the splash of a salvo. A heavy salvo— I
think from " Benbow " — accounted for another boat. The salvo
pitched mth a percentage of shots short, and pieces of the T.B.
were' observed in the air. When the splash subsided the boat
could not be seen. The remaining boats then made off.

At about 7.35 p.m. the track of a torjDcdo was observed to
cross the track of our ships, about 200 yards ahead of " Iron
Duke." Torpedo was travelling sloA^ly. Track finished about
2.000 yards on the port side of the line and the torjjedo sank.
Direction of the track was S.E.

No more enemy ships were seen after tliis. " Oak " conformed
to the movements of the battle line until 9.15 p.m., when she
was ordered to keep close to '" Iron Duke " during the night.
Station was taken up 2 cables 2 points before the Port beam.

After this actions were observed to be taking jDlace on a
bearing- S.W. and also between the bearings N.W. to N. by E
between 9.30 and midnight. A few smaller rounds Mere seen
to be fired in the early j^art of the middle Avatch right astern of
the fleet. No signals were received however, which would have

OFFICLIL DESPATCHES. 301

indicated the nature of the action which was going on to
Northward.

When dayhght broke, station was taken up 5 cables on the
port bow of " Iron Duke."

■ I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
The Commander-in-Chief, DOUGLAS FAVIELL,

Home Fleets. Lieut. -Commander.

(Through the Flag-Captain
H.M.S. " Iron Duke.")

CAPTAIN'S REPORTS, H.M.S. " ACTIVE."

Enclosure No. 18 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/16
from C.-in-C. Home Fleets.

H.M.S. "Active,"
Sir, 9th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report that at about 11.15 p.m. on
Slay 31st H.M. Ship under my command was felt to strike
something. No damage was apparent from the inside of the,
ship, and no leak developed.

On June 8th divers were sent down, and it was found that
some 15 feet of the Starboard Bilge Keel had been torn back,
and was projecting about 4 feet from the ship's side.

A sketch is attached showing the extent of the damage.^

It is submitted, that as a temi^orary measure, the Bilge Keel
be cut, as shown by the dotted red line in the sketch, and any
ragged edges removed from the fracture.

The ship's approximate position at 11.15 p.m. May 31st was
Lat. 56° r N., Long. 5° 55' E., Course South, Speed 17 knots,
following astern of the 2nd Battle Squadron.

I have the honour to ])e.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

PERCY WITHERS,
The Vice Admiral Commanding Captain.

1st Battle Squadron,

H.M.S. " Royal Oak."

Commander in Chief,

Submitted. I requested Lieut. Catto to examine the
Bilge Keel and he reports that he can cut off the pieces if he
has the loan of the pneumatic tools and divers from " Iron
Duke."

CECIL BURNEY,
Vice Admiral Commanding
9tli June 1916. First Battle Sc^uadron.

^ Xot reprinted.

3(.>i BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

Enclosure No. H) to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/ IG
from C.-in-C, Home Fleets.

H.M.S. "Active,"
Sir, 10th June 1916.

In accordance with your signal 0800 of to-day's date,
I have the honour to report that : —

(1) H.M.S. "Active" during the advance was acting as
linking ship in position " J."

(2) At about 6.0 p.m. an enemy Cruiser, apparently of the
" Wiesbaden " class was sighted on the starboard bow, and
eni'a<'ed bv H.M.S. " Shannon " and one other Cruiser, which
were between " Active " and the enemy. As, owing to the
misty weather, it was not possible to get an accurate range,
two salvos were fired. These fell a long way short, and cease
firing was sounded. The signal to deploy being then made, no
opportunity of closing the vessel occurred.

(3) The Fifth Battle Squadron not being present, and not
having the speed of the 4th L.C.S., I took station on the
disengaged beam of the leading Battle Squadron, and repeated
signals.

(4) When the Fleet formed up for the night, " Active " took
station astern of 2nd Battle Squadron.

(5) At about 10.15 p.m. an action took place lasting for from
5 to 10 minutes, just abaft the starboard beam, about 3 miles
.distant.

(6) At about 11.0 p.m. a squadron of what appeared to be
Light Cruisjers opened fire from the starboard quarter at a ship
about a mile astern of " Active." The After Control Officer
describes this vessel as having four funnels, and two masts, the
mainmast having a large top, and having shown a red light over
a green just before the action commenced. One funnel was
apparently shot away during the action, which lasted about
10 minutes. The ship burst into flames and appeared to sink,
the fires suddenly going out. Fire was not ojjened, as there
were doubts as to which were hostile ships, in addition to which
I did not feel justified in indicating the position of the Battle
Fleet.

(7) At about 11.15 p.m. the ship was felt to bump something
heavily, subsequent investigation reveahng the fact that some
15 ft. of the Starboard Bilge Keel has been torn back. This
has formed the subject of a separate report.

(8) Several actions subsequently took place, but so far astern,
that only the flashes in the sky could be seen.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

PERCY WITHERS,
The Vice Admiral Commanding Captain.

1st Battle Squadron,

H.M.S. " Royal Oak."

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 303

REPORTS OF COMMODORE (F).

Enclosure No. 20 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/10
from C.-in-C, Home Fleets.

N. 0017/2. H.M.S. "Castor,"

Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward the following report of my
movements on the night of 31st May-lst June.

At about 8.30 p.m. on 31st May the Enemy's Destroyers
were sighted on starboard bow of our van, and the " Castor "
and Half Flotilla proceeded to attack, the Commodore of 4th
Light Cruiser Squadron detaching 3 Cruisers to support.

2. The enemy (iestroyers did not develop their attack, and
" Castor " returned to her position ahead of the Fleet, com'se S.W.

3. At about 9.0 p.m. the Battle Fleet turned, leaders
together, to South, the Flotilla remaining on Starboard bow of
Second Battle Squadron, and a Une of Battle Cruisers was then
sighted on the Starboard quarter closing Fleet. They appeared
very much like enemy Battle Cruisers, but by an intercej^ted
signal from Vice-Admiral 2nd B.S. to the Commodore, 4th L.C.S.,
the Vice-Admiral 2nd B.S. was apparently satisfied they were
our own.

Soon after sighting them these Battle Cruisers ojDened tire on
two of the 4th L.C.S. ahead of the Flotilla.

I turned the Flotilla away from the Battle Cruisers, and
expected the Fleet to open fire on them.

The leading Battle Cruiser then fired a star shell, which
appeared to justify the opinion that they were enemy ships ;
but as the Fleet still held their fire I could not attack, as it was
not dark enough to make an attack unsupported by fire from
the Fleet.

The Battle Cruisers turned off to starboard and were lost
sight of.

4. At 9.45 p.m. Flotillas were ordered to take station astern
of Battle Fleet.

5. At about 10.5 p.m., when on the starboard quarter of the
Fleet, ships were sighted on the starboard bow.

They challenged us by the first two signs of the challenge of
the day.

They then made T, followed by R.

When about 2,500 yards away the two leading sliips switched
on search hghts and opened fire on " Castor."

" Castor " oiDcned fire, and was seen hitting A^ith range on
guns of 2,000 yards. The bursting of shells from the 6-in. guns
was the most noticeable.

" Castor " then fired a torpedo, high speed setting, and turned
to Port.

6. With regard to the eight Destroyers which " Castor " was
leading, two destroyers fired torpedoes, but the remainder of
them which were near " Castor " say they were so bhnded by

304 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

" Castor's " guns they could not see anything, and the others
were so certain in their own minds that a mistake had Ijeen
made, and that we were being fired on by our own ships that
tliey decidetl not to fire their torpedoes.

7. Three Captains of Destroyers infoim me that their Engineer
Lieutenants reported feehng a violent detonation under water at
the time " Castor " " Magic " and " Marne " fired their torpedoes,
and that they themselves observed the lights of the second ship
go out and the glow of an explosion on her side ; but this was
not felt in " Castor," probably as she was receiving other shocks
at the time.

8. The Flotilla then proceeded South after the Battle Fleet,
my object being to be within reach of the Fleet at daybreak
should the Fleet have found the enemy and a Fleet action take
place.

9. At about 12.15 a.m. I sighted a Torpedo Boat on the
starboard bow. As soon as it was distinguished as an enemy
craft, " Castor " turned to ram her and opened fire.

The torpedo boat Mas too quick on the helm, and just avoided
being rammed, but received the fire of all guns at point blank
range, and was not seen again.

A flare, probably from shell explosion was seen on her deck aft.

Beheving her to be sunk, " Castor " turned again to South
to follow the Fleet.

There \vould appear to be no doubt that she was sunk, as
she was not seen by any of the destroj^ers who passed the spot
where she was fired on by " Castor."

10. With reference to paragraph 5, the Enemy consisted of
three or more cruisers, of which the leading ship appeared to be
a large cruiser.

Their firing was not really very good, and though " Castor "
was straddled by the first salvo this was not remarkable
considering the range.

" Castor " drew the whole fire of the two cruisers, and it is
unfortunate that this element of doubt existed in the minds of
the Captains of the Destroyers as to whether the ships were
enemj% as a good opportunity of firing torpedoes was lost.

"Castor" could make no signals to the destroyers, as her
communication and wires were cut and W/T temporarily out
of action.

The handhng of the destroyers was remarkably good,
considering no signals could be made.

14. I would mention that some ship ahead of the Second
Battle Squadron at about 9.0 p.m. made the signal by searchlight :
" Please give me the Challenges and Rephes for the day, as I
have lost mine."

^ Part omitted here referring solely to persoimel, recommendations,
&c , in no way bearing on the course of the action.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 305

I did not see a reply made, but evidently the signal was
taken in by one of our ships, and the Captain of the " Manneis "
informs me he saw the reply being made.

It is possible that this was one of the enemy's ships asking,
and may account for " Castor " being challenged by at any
rate part of the correct challenge for the day.

15. The effect of fire on " Castor " Mas as follows : — A large
hole, 4 ft. by 4 ft. 6 in. Starboard side under No. 2 4-in. gun,
evidently high explosive shell which burst in the heads, splinters
passing through the bulkhead into the Recreation Space,
destro3dng Fire Main service, Ventilation service, and Voice Pi])es
to 4-in. guns.

Two men were killed in the heads, and three of the ammunition
supply party in Recreation Space.

(2) One shot passed through Upper Mess Deck just above the
water line, cut through an iron ladder, and passed out tlirough
the Port side, evidently exploding whilst passing out.

(3) Three shells struck Fore Bridge, doing extensive damage
to bridge, cutting all electric circuits and damaging Bridge
Steering Gear (which was not being used). .Five men were killed
on the Bridge.

(4) One shell exploded on the Forecastle, kilhng two men
but not doing any material damage to speak of.

(5) Several shells hit the ship's side on the armoured plating,
fragments passing up and causing damage to after 4-in. guns,
Funnels, After Control, Casings and Boats.

(6) One shell struck Motor Boat, which set Jier on fire and
completely shattered her.

(7) In all there were 23 wounded. These men were chiefly
forward ammunition supplj'' parties, and others consisted of
men stationed at foremost and after 4-in. Guns and First Aid
Party.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
J. R. P. HAWKSLEY,
The Commander-in-Chief, Commodore (F).

Grand Fleet.

Enclosure 21 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/16
from C.-in-C, Home Fleets.

From—The Captain (D), 4th Destroyer Flotilla.
To— The Commodore (F), Grand Fleet Flotillas.
No. 0110.
Date—(nh June 1916.

Submitted with reference to your general signal 1800 of
2nd instant, I attach reports Avhich have been received from
Destroyers of 4th Flotilla relative to the action with the enemy
on 31st May and 1st June 1916.

X 12872 U

306 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

The report from H.M.8. " Broke " will be forwarded as soon
as it lias been received.

E. O. GLADSTONE,
" Hecla." Captain (D).

4th Destroyer P'lotilla.

II.

No. 0017/2.
Commander-in-Chief,

Grand Fleet.

Submitted.

J. R. P. HAWKSLEY,

" Castor," Commodore (F).

Gth June 1916.

H.M.S. "SPITFIRE,"

Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report that I observed the following
damage to enemy ships on night of 31st May, between 11.0 and
11.40 p.m.

1. " Spitfire " torpedoed a 4-funnelled cruiser, class not.
determinable, but she had 4 very tall funnels. She was observed
to heel over immediately on being struck and appeared to be
in a sinking condition.

2. " Spitfire " was rammed by and rammed (port bow to port
bow) a cruiser of " Freya " class (presumably). 20 feet of her
skin plating from upper deck to below scuttles is now in " Spit-
fire."

3. A battle-cruiser of " Moltke " type passed close astern
of " Spitfire " at about the same time. She was going very
fast, but appeared to be on fire between her funnels and on her
fore mess deck, but there was no flame — only smoke.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant.

C. TRELAWNY,
The S.O.. 4th Flotilla. Lieut. -Comdr.

COPY OF NAVAL SIGNAL CONTAINING SUMMARY OF
REPORTS OF CERTAIN DESTROYERS.

Fro7n — The Naval Depot, North Shields.

To— R.A. " Cyclops " for " Hecla," 4 a.m.

" Spitfire " reports position unknown owing to loss of Bridge
times approximate was next astern " Tipperary " about 11 p.m.
3 1st May when attacked by four enemy's Cruisers from North
West which sank " Tipperary " (stop) " Spitfire " fired torpedo
at second in line seen to hit (stop). Had noticed list badly,
believed sunk (stop) Had four very tall funnels (stop) " Spit-
fire " rammed port boA^- to port boAV enemy's cruiser Math

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 307

3 perpendicular funnels 1 red band on every funnel 2 crane
(stop) " Spitfire " carried off 20 feet of enemy's side plating
(stop) About 11.30 p.m. enemy Battle Cruiser with 2 funnels
far apart passed close astern of " Spitfire " steering between
South and West observed on fire between funnels and on girdle ( ? )
(stop) " Porpoise " reports saw one large ship blow up at
3 a.m. 1st June position unknown (stop) " Contest " reports
Blank ( ?) (stop) Report of "Broke" will follow to-morrow
Sunday.

(2240)
4th June 1916.

COPY OF TELEGRAM— CLAIM BY " ACASTA."

Frmn — S.N.O. Aberdeen.
To — R.A. Longhope.
Date—^vd June, 1916.

For " Hecla." Considered that torpedo hit leading Enemy's
Battle Cruiser at 6.14 p.m. (G.M.T.).

Explosion seen, unable to assess damage caused by gunshot.
" Acasta." (1630.)

H.M.S. "ACASTA,"

Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward the following report of action
on 31st May.

In company vdih. " Shark," " OpheUa " and " Christopher "
screening 3rd Battle Cruiser Squadron.

P.M.

5.50. Steering N.W. in line ahead on port quarter of Battle
Cruiser Squadron. Enemy Light Cruisers and De-
stroyers sighted ahead, opened fire at 5,000 yards.
Enemy course Westerl5^

6. 0 (approximately). Altered course to East.

6. 5. Enemy turned 16 points.

6.10. Division altered to port and "Shark" stopped, so I
returned to " Shark's " assistance as she was badly
hit. While doing so " Acasta " was holed forward
and aft.

6.12 to 6.18. Fired foremost tube at leading enemy battle
Cruiser which apparently hit as explosion was observed
by independent witnesses — range 4,500 approximately.
" Acasta " was badly hit in engine room, which burst
several steam pipes and caused five casualties, one of
whom was Engineer-Lieutenant J. Forrest, and engine-
room had to be evacuated. Steering gear was shot
awav and I was unable to steer or stop the engines

until 6.30.

u 2

308 BATTLifi OF JUTLAND :

)Ship was under extremely heavy fire from enemy Light

Cruisers and Destroyers and a Battle Cruiser from

0.5 to 6.25.
The moral of the ship's company was excellent.
At 9.0 p.m. a Cruiser, apparently German, was observed heavily

on fire to the S.W. and subsequently seen again after

2 a.m.

At noon, 1st June, " Nonsuch " took me in tow until 2.30 p.m.,
2nd June ; his assistance was invaluable as I had no
oil left and met heavy weather.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
JOHN O. BARRON,
Captain (D), Lt.-Comdr.

4th Flotilla.

COPY OF TELEGRAM— REPORT BY "CONTEST."

From —Naval Depot, North Shields.
To—' Cyclops," for " Hecla."
Da/e— 4th June, 1916.

" Contest " now reports she fired Torpedo at large 3 funnelled
ship 11.35 p.m., seen to hit. (1520).

H.M.S. "ACHATES."
Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward an account of " Achates' "
part in the action on the night of Wednesday, 31st May.

Orders having been received, shortly after 10 p.m., for
4th Flotilla to take station 5 miles astern of the Battle Squadron,
single line ahead in the following order was assumed at about
10.50 p.m. : — 1st Half Flat. : "Tipperary," " Spitfire," " Sparrow-
hawk," " Garland " and " Contest " ; followed by 27id Half
Flot. : " Broke," " Achates," " Ambuscade," " Ardent,"
" Fortune," " Porpoise " and " Unity."

Our course was then South, speed 18 knots. Position (approx.)
at 11.15 : Lat. 55° 48' N., Long. 6° 23' E.

At approx. 1 1.30 p.m., heavy firing Avas observed on our starbd.
bow and directed towards the head of our fine, and shortly
afterwards the " Tipperary ' was observed to haul out of the
fine to starboard, badly hit and burning furiously. Shortly after
this the " Broke " hauled out of the line, apjjarently hit and
not under control, and " Achates," narrowly avoiding coUision

^ Part omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations
&c., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 309

with her, endeavoured to join up with 1st Half Flotilla. Firing
at this time was general in the enemy's line on our starbd. bow
and beam and the range close, the order to fire was passed to
the tubes as sights came on. I subsequently cancelled the order
to fire torpedoes being under the impression that our Cruisers
were engaging the enemy between us and the enemj^'s line and
fearing that mj' torpedoes would cross the line of our own ships.

I re.spectfullj' submit that in future the maximum amount of
information may be given to destroyers as to the disposition of
our own forces, observing the difficulty of recognition by night.

At approx. midnight the " Achates " and " Ambuscade " were
chased by enemy's cruisers to the Eastward, and failing to cross
ahead of the enemy's line (Enemj^'s course appeared to be S.E.),
1 worked round to the North and eventually West and (South
passing in rear of their line and endeavouring to join Commo-
dore (F).

I lost touch with " Ambuscade " about 12.30 a.m. and
continued to search until 5 a.m., when I intercepted a signal
from " Porpoise '" that he required assistance, and I endeavoured
to join him. " Porpoise " was eventually joined by " Garland,"
and as I was by this time running short of fuel, I proceeded to
Rosyth, arriving there at 4 a.m., 2nd June, and after fuelling
returned to this base arriving at 9 p.m., 2nd June.

I wish to bring to your notice the excellent manner in which
all destroyers of my division were handled during the daj' and
night action on the 31st, and I am of the opinion that the
Commanding Officer of " Ambuscade " in particular, who Avas
more immediately under my notice, by skilful handhng, brought
his ship undamaged out of action.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

R. B. C. HUTCHINSON,
Captain (D.), Commander.

4th Flotilla.

H.M.S. " AMBUSCADE."
Sir, 3rd June.

I HAVE the honour to forward the account of " Ambus-
cade's " part in the night action between the 4th Flotilla and
the enemy s Battle Fleet on the night of 31st May.

The flotilla was in single hne ahead, the 1st half under
" Tipperary "' leading, followed by " Broke," " Achates," " Am-
buscade," " Ardent," " Fortune," " Porpoise " and " Unity."
steering South, five miles astern of the second Battle Squadron.

At 11.30 p.m. enemy cruisers were observed on the starboard
bow steering South-east at high speed. " Tipperary " drew
enemy's fire, and was passed about 5 cables on starboard beam,
apparently in a sinldng condition.

I attacked with 2 torpedoes, and from a violent explosion
shortly afterwards, consider a hit may have been obtained. It

310 BATTLE OF JUTLAND:

is believed " Fortune " was sunk about this time. I then hauled
off to the Eastward, following " Achates," eventually turning
South.

At about 11.55 p.m. we encountered enemy's Battle Fleet
steering South East. The third torpedo was fired at ships whose
fire was concentrated on " Ardent." A red flah was observed
at water line between searchUghts of centre ship, and these
momentarily went out, giving the possibility of a hit, observing
that, though improbable, " Ardent " may also have been aVile
to fire. The " Ardent " was not seen after this.

All torpedoes were now discharged, and by smoke screen, and
continual alteration of helm, I got away to the Eastward, and
failing to keep in touch with the " Achates," turned North, and
eventually South, joining Commodore (F) at 3.0 a.m. on
June 1st.

The enemy's fire and working of searchlights was extremely
accurate, while their use of star shells rendered a surprise torpedo
attack almost impossible.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

GORDON A. COLES,

Lieut. Commander.

REPORT OF COMMANDING OFFICER, H.M.S. " ARDENT. '

M.F.A. " China,"

Hospital Ship No. VI,
Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I REGRET to report the loss through enemy gunfire of
H.M.S. '• Ardent " at about 12.30 a.m. (G.M.T.') June 1st.
Single line ahead was formed astern of the Battle Fleet after
dark on 31st May. As far as I could judge, the hne "' Ardent "
was in consisted of : " Achates," " Ambuscade," '" Ardent,"
■' Fortune," and several other Torpedo Boat Destroyers in rear.
Course South, speed 17 knots. " Tipperary's " Hne appeared to
be well out to the Starboard of us.

2. Various other ships were seen dimly and much firing going
on, on either side until just after midnight, when four large ships
appeared closing in on our Starboard hand, Course about S. by E.
The leader challenged by switching on and off several groups of
Green and Red lamps. Almost immediately they switched on
Searchlights, picked up " Fortune " and opened fire. " For-
tune " was hit at once. I altered to Starboard and endeavoured
to assist " Fortune," and from a very favourable position from
about 2,000 yards on her port beam fired a torpedo at the leading
enemy's ship, which undoubtedly scored a hit. the explosion was

* Part omitted here referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c., in no way hearing on the course of the action.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 311

seen, and the enemy ship's foremost searchlights went oft' and
she turned to Starboard. The second Ship in the Hne then
fixed her searchhghts and opened fire on " Ardent," so I increased
speed and turned away to Port. 1 could see the " Foitune "
badly hit, on fire, and apparently sinking, but still firing her
gims in a most gallant manner at her big adversary.

A few minutes after this I altered course to South to try to
pick uj) " Ambuscade." steered for what T thought was hei"
smoke, to find I was rapidl}' closing four large German Ships
crossing my bows from Starboard to Port, course about N.N.E.
at a high speed. It was too late to get away, so I attacked
immediately and fired a torpedo from a favourable position at
the leader, I could not see if it hit, as at once a most devastating
fire was poured in on the " Ardent " from the two leading Ships,
who both had their searchlights on us. This bombardment
continued for about five minutes when the enemy ceased fire
and switched off, after which period the Ship was a total wreck,
and appeared to be sinking. I then sank the Secret books, etc.,
and went aft to trj^ and make a Raft, all our boats, Carley floats,
&c. being smashed to bits. At this moment the enem}^
recommenced firing from point blank range, I gave the order
" save yourselves," and about forty survivors jumped into the
sea, \nth no suj^port bej^ond lifebelts, waistcoats, &c., and
shortly after the Ship sunk with her colours flying.

I was in the water about five hours before being picked up
by " Marksman," and regret that up to date have heard of no
more survivors. It is perhaps unnecessarj^ for me to add that
the Officers and Ship's company of the '" Ardent " behaved
according to the liighest traditions of the British Navy. All
Ranks and Ratings fought the Ship until every gun was out of
action with the utmost determination.

When all did theii- duty it is im]iossible for me to naine any
individual for special recommendation.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your Obedient Servant,

A. MARSDEN,
The Captain (D), Lieut. Commander, H.M.S. " Ardent."

Fourth Flotilla,

H.M.S. "Hecla."

H.M.S. ■ PORPOISE,"

3id June.

REPORT ON FLEET ACTION. i

Str,

I HAVE the honour to rejiort the following :—
The various phases of the action and actions can be better
ascertained from large ship accounts up to 9.47 p.m. SJst. when

' Plate 27.

312 BATTLE OF JUTLAND:

4th Flotilla was steering N. and N.N.E. 18 knots in 2 columns —
" Tippeiary," " Spitfire," " Sparrowhawk." and " Garland,''
"Contest," to starboard: 'Broke,'' 2nd di\nsion, "Porpoise"
and " Unity." Course, South, 18 knots.

At 10.54. D 4 ordered 2nd half tlotilla to take station astern
of 1st half flotilla, at same time " Porpoise " and " Unity "
Imported enemy destroyers astern, steeling east.

About midnight, actions were going on all round us, chiefly
to westward. An enemy armoured cruiser came up abaft the
starboard beam, challenged, opened fire on " Fortune " and
" Porpoise." " Foitune " was at once hit badly. I had to star-
board my helm to clear her and was hit by an 8-in. projectile
which hit base of the after funnel, killed one man at midship
gun, stunning gun's crew, killing the L.T.O. at Foremost tube,
wounding No. 2. The air chamber of spare torpedo exploded,
blowing the deck in and bending and bursting main steam pipe.
The forebridge wheel and telegraphs having gone, I went aft,
and from the top of E.R. hatch got the helm to starboard from
its being 10° to port. H.M.S. " Fortune " was lying between
'' Porpoise " and the enemy, emitting clouds of smoke and
steam, both shi]is being shelled, but enemy searchhghts being
somewhat screened by " Fortune's " smoke and steam. We
connected after steering position and telegraphs and got ship's
head N. by W., steaming about 100 revolutions, but losing water
rapidly, so stopped main engines with i-in. in boiler gauge glasses
and J ton in R.F.W.T. We plugged exhaust pipe and ran down
Nos. 3 and 4 boilers to R.F.W.T. and eventually got under way,
gradually working up from 100 revs, to 145 revs, in the course
of the day and following night.

Fell in with H.M.S. " Garland " and " Contest " in Lat.
56.40 N., 3.50 E. at 11 a.m. who escorted "Porpoise" to the
Tyne. H.M.S. " Contest " having a broken stem, H.M.S.
" Garland " (Lieut. -Comdr. Goff) took " Porpoise " alongside and
took her up the River Tyne in a most seamanlike manner.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

H. D. COLVILLE,

Commander.

H.M.S. "UNITY,"
Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report the part taken by H.M.S.
" Unity " in the night action on 31st May-lst June and
subsequent proceedings : —

At about 10 p.m. on 31st May, when in company Avith
4th Flotilla, station was taken 5 miles astern of Battle Fleet,

^ Part omitted her?, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c., in no wav bearin.]; on the course of the action.

Plate 27.

looTi- Z'lHie.'PiiT} (13) S06,; ,!. 20

Malbv.^Oon^Lith,

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 313

Course South, speed 18 knots. " Unity " was the last ship in
the line of 12 destroyers.

At 10.45 p.m. observed three enemy destroyers approaching
on the starboard quarter; the leading boat fired a torpedo and
immediately altered course away, I avoided the torpedo by
going full speed and turning towards it, using full helm.

At 11.30 p.m. sighted two enemy destroyers on starbd. beam ;
fire was opened on them and they turned a^ay.

About the same time " Tipperary " and leading destroyers
of our line appeared to be in action with large ships. I observed
the destroyers ahead alter course to port on a S.Ely course,
and therefore increased speed to get into position for a torpedo
attack.

About midnight I realised I was following a strange British
Flotilla, and having lost sight of my own, decided to remain with
them.

At 1 a.m., 1st June, course was altered to S.W. by the leading
T.B.D. and speed increased to 28 knots. No large vessels were
seen at any time which I could have attacked.

At daylight I found myseK in company with " Lydiard " and
10 destroyers of the 9th and 13th Flotillas. I parted company
at 5.45 a.m. to look for the fleet as the other destroyers were
apparently returning to their base to oil. At 7.45 a.m. I
searched for " Achates," but as I could not find her, and being
short of oil, decided to make for Aberdeen to complete.

Arrived Aberdeen at 10 p.m., 1st June, and proceeded at
3 a.m., 2nd June, after oiling, to make further search for the
Fleet, in the event of being required for screening duty.

Owing to bad weather, returned at 5 p.m., 2nd June, to
Aberdeen for further instructions.

I sailed again at 6 a.m., 3rd June, and returned to the
Northern Base.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

A. M. LECKY,
The Captain " D," Lieut. -Commander.

4th Destroyer Flotilla.

H.M.S. "CHRISTOPHER,"
2nd June 1916.

REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS ON 31st MAY 1916.

In accordance with orders received, H.M.S. " Christopher "
left Scapa at 8.50 p.m. on the 30th May, forming screen for
3rd Battle Cruiser Squadron.

At 5.45 p.m. on the 31st May, being then in position on port
quarter of 3rd Battle Cruiser Squadron, steering North, the
enemy were sighted on the port bow, consisting of three light

;j|4 BATTLE OF JLTTLAND :

cruisers (three funneLs) and a destroyer flotilla with a Flotilla
Cruiser. The division then attacked destroyer flotilla, coming
under heavy fire from light cruisers and destroyer flotilla, and
shortly afterwards from three Battle Cruisers. The division
then turned sixteen points to regain position ahead of
:h'd Battle Cruiser .Squadron. Thirty rounds were fired, but the
range was about 10,000 yards and visibility low and no direct
hits could be observed. The enemy destroj-ers turned away,
" Christopher " and " Ophelia " then took station ahead of
Battle Cruisers. Only one opportunity of firing a torpedo at the
leading Battle Cruiser occurred, l)ut range was then masked by
light cruisers. H.M.S. " Christopher " again came under fire at
8. .30 p.m. from three Battle Cruisers M'hile screening engaged side
of Battle Cruisers (" New Zealand "). No damage was sustained
and no casualties occurred. H.M.S. " Cliristo'pher " remained
screening Lst Battle Cruiser Squadron, and no further action
took place.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

F. M. KERR,
Lieutenant-Commander.

H.M.S. " GARLAND,"
Sir, 2nd June 1916.

I BEG to forward the following report of my proceedings
on the night of 31st May -1st June : —

P.M.

!J. 2. Sighted 4 German T.B.D.'s, ship was in the midst of a
16 pt. turn at the time. Germans closed and showed
recognition lights. Then red lights vertical. I at
once opened fire on them. The two leaders turned,
fired a torpedo each and made off at full speed to
westward. The torpedoes missed me astern. I at once
reported German T.B.D.'s presence to Captain " D."

10.35. Sighted a German Cruiser of " Graudenz " class bearing
W., course S., estimated speed, 17 knots. This was
reported to Captain " D."

11.25. A line of German ships appeared on starboard beam of
flotilla, on a slightly converging course and opened
fire on Destroyers. We returned their fire.

11.28. Being in a favourable position, I turned and fired
torpedo from after tube at a 3 funnelled Cruiser, the
third ship in enemy's line. Torpedo was seen to
explode abreast of Cruisers mainmast, but as I was
thereafter engaged in avoiding collision with other
Destroyers, I did not see if vessel sank and was unable
to find her again later.

11.40. Closed " Tipperary," whose fore part was burning
previously, in order to render her assistance ; but as

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 315

soon as I eased down close astern of her, two enemy
cruisers steamed across her bows at close range and
opened fire on both of us, so I had to leave her and
P.M. was chased away to eastward.

11. 55. Joined up with "Achates," " Fortune " and " Porpoise."

12. 0. Sighted a line of German Battleships on stbd. bow,
steering south.

Leading Battleship switched on recognition lights
and then searchlights and opened fire on us.

12. 5. Turned to port and fired torpedo from fore tube at
leading ship, which appeared to be one of the
" Deutschland " class. Range about 800 j^ards. Tor-
pedo hit and was seen to explode abreast of the two
foremost funnels, ship was seen to take on a heavy
list to i)ort, but whether she sank or not I was unable
to ascertain as I was chased to the N.E.

I was unable, after this, to again find remainder
of flotilla, but later, fell in with " Contest," who
could onh' steam 20 knots. We sighted several German
T.B.D.'s, who all made off at full speed on seeing us.
2.25. .Sighted four German T.B.D.'s heading S.S.E. at full
speed. Altered course to cross their bows and opened
fire at about 5,000 yards. Germans at first began to
turn on to a parallel course and returned our fire, and
then thought better of it and turned away. At least
one shot Avas seen to take effect on the stern of one
German T.B.D.

As there was now no possibility of finding rest of
Flotilla, I shaped course for Tyne, with " Contest," and
later searched for and found " Porpoise," both of
whom I escorted to the Tyne.

With the exception of one boat, which was hit by
a 6-in. shell, no damage was sustained and no
casualties.
1 * * * * *

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

R. S. GOFF,
The Captain " D," Lieut.-Comdr.

4th Destroyer Flotilla.

H.M.S. " OPHELIA,"
Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to rei)ort that H.M.S. "' Opheha " was
in action on May 31st.

H.M.S. " Ophelia " left Scapa in company with H.M. Ships
'• Shark," " Acasta," and " Christopher," " Shark " being Senior

^ Part oniitted here, referring solely to i)eiso?inel, recommendations.
&<?., in no waj'^ bearing on the course of the action.

3ir» BATTLK OF JUTLAND:

Officer, on May 30th at 9 p.m. to screen 3rd Battle Cruiser
Squadron.

About 0 p.m. May 31st a German Light Cruiser and about
ten T.B.D.'s were sighted off port bow. " Shark," followed by
'' Acasta " " Ophelia," and " Christopher," altered course to
engage them. The Enemy were steaming in a Nly. direction
and we were steaming in a Wly. direction.

About 6.15 p.m. " Shark " altered course 16 points to port
and at the time was being heavily fired on bj' enemy's light
cruiser, I altered course before arriving in " Shark's " wake so
as to avoid enemy's fire.

Shortly after altering course " Shark " was put out of action,
and I retired towards our light cruisers under the enemy's
superior fire, continually altering course to avoid enemy's salvoes.

The enemy soon altered course to the Southward and I
proceeded at full speed to attack enemy's Battle Cruiser, and
at 6.29 i).m. fired torpedo at about 8,000 yards, afterwards
proceeding to join Light Cruisers.

Some few minutes after firing torpedo an upheaval of water
was observed by enemj^'s port quarter.

Subsequently I rejoined 3rd Battle Cruiser Squadron.

There were no casualties and damage to ship was immaterial.

I consider great credit is due to Eng. Lieut. -Comdr. George
D. Campbell and C.E.R.A. Jesse Wadham for the way the Ship
steamed at high speed.

This being the first time under way except for passage from
Sunderland to Scapa.

No Torpedo or Gunnery Practices have been carried out b}-^
" Ophelia," and crew of " Hardy " have not yet turned over
to her.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant.
L. E. CRABBE,

Commander.

H.M.S. "OWL,"
Sir, June 2nd.

I HAVE the honour to report in accordance mth
Commodore F.'s signal, that at 9.30 a.m. on June 1st, in about
Lat. 56° 11' N.. Long. 6° 10' E. " Owl " passed wreckage and
the bows of a torpedo craft, about 6 feet floating stem up.
It looked as if she had been rammed and cut in two and that
her fore part floated. It is thought this was a German craft
as there was no ring in bows for the towing wdre as fitted in
our Boats, also several lifebuoys painted red were observed,
I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

R. G. HAMOND,
Captain "D." Comdr.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 317

REPORTS OF SURVIVORS OF H.M.S. "SHARK."

Office of Rear-Admiral Commanding,
East Coast of England,
No. 696/W. 962. Immingham Dock, Grimsby.

Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report the following survivors of
H.M.S. " Shark " were picked up by the Danish S.S. " Vidar "
about 10.0 p.m. on Wednesday the 31st May, about 70 miles
from the Danish coast : —
*William Charles Richard Griffin, Petty Officer 1st class, official

number 201404 — Portsmouth.
*Josei)h Owen Glendower Howell, A.B., official number 230192 —

Portsmouth.
Charles Filleul, Stoker Petty Officer — Portsmouth.
Charles Cleeberg Hope, A.B., S.G., official number 238376 —

Portsmouth,

Charles Smith, A.B., S.T., official number J. 13416 — Portsmouth.
Thomas Walton Swan, A.B., Portsmouth.

(The two marked * are in naval hospital in Hull, suffering
from wounds and shock, the remainder are in R.N. Depot,
Immingham, and will be sent to Portsmouth Barracks on
3rd June.)

2. The survivors state that they Mere in company with
the following vessels : — " Acasta," " Ophelia," " Contest " or
" Christopher " or " Cockatrice," and at 6 p.m. the}^ engaged
a four-funnel German cruiser. " Shark " fired one torpedo at
her, which Charles Smith, who was stationed at the after tube,
states that he saw hit the cruiser and explode, and he further
states that the ship stopped and seemed to be on fire.

3. At this time " Invincible," " Indomitable " and " Inflex-
ible " were from two to four cables on the starboard beam.
They also fired at the German cruiser.

4. About 6.15 the ship eased down and stopped owing to
the pipes to the oil suctions having been damaged. The fore
steering gear was also put out of action at this time and shortly
afterwards was shot away altogether.

5. Two enemy destroyers now attacked " Shark," who had
been left behind by the other vessels. One of them was driven
off by gunfire from the midship gun (the only gun left in action),
and the second was also hit, but succeeded in firing two torpedoes
at " Shark " from a range of about 1,500 to 1,800 yards, one
of which hit " Shark " abreast the after funnel. The enemy
destroyers were painted fight grey.

6. " Shark " took a heavy list and sank almost immediately.
This was about 7 p.m.

318 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

7. Stoker Pett}' Officer Filleul reports that before the ship
was torpedoed the Captain gave orders for all men not engaged
at the guns to lie down on the deck. He states that " Shark "
at this time was between the opposing Battle Fleets and that
shrapnel was being fired at them. This is confirmed by the
fact that the two wounded men are suffering from shrapnel
wounds — not severe.

8. The boats were all riddled and useless, but two Carley
Floats floated off and 14 or 15 men got into each,

9. While they were in the water about ten or more enemy
battle cruisers or battleships passed about 5 miles off, followed
by a large number of our battle ships within a mile who were
engaging the enemy heavily. A lot of enemy shells were faUing
" over " our ships.

10. The water was very cold and the survivors gradually
succumbed until at about 10 p.m., when they were picked up,
only seven were alive. The seventh. Chief Stoker (Pensioner)
Francis Newcombe, 0. No. 155192 died after getting on board
S.S. " Vidar," and his body was taken to Hull. The survivors
were treated very well by the Captain and crew of the " Vidar."

11. The Captain of the "Vidar" told the survivors that
a little while before he picked them up he saw what looked Uke
the bow of a big German Man-of -War standing out of the water ;
the draft marks were in metres.

12. After being picked up they passed a large (presumably
German) Man-of-War heavih'^ on fire.

13. The following information relative to the officers of
" Shark " has been given : —

The Captain, Commander Loftus Jones, had his left leg
shot awa}^ before the vessel sank, and although he had a life-
belt cannot have survived long.

Sub-Lieutenant P. H. G. I. Vance was killed before the ship
sank.

Midshipman Thomas Smith, R.N.R., was seen after the
ship was torpedoed, but not at all in the water.

No definite information can be given as regards the other
officers.

14. It is considered that the men mentioned in paragraph 1
are the sole survivors.

It is submitted that the kind action of the Master of the
Danish S.S " Vidar " (now at Hull) should be suitably recognised.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant.

STUART NICHOLSON.
Rear-Admiral Commanding,
East Coast of England.
The Secretary,

of the Admiralty.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 319

No.~9oS/W. 9G2.

Subject. — H.M.S. '" Shark." Report by Torpedo Coxswain.

The Secretary of the Admiralty.

29th July 1916.
With reference to my submission No. 696/W. 962 of 3rd June
1916, the attached report of Wilham Charles Richard Griffin,
P.O. 1st Class, Official Number, 201404, late Torpedo Coxswain of
H.M.S. " Shark,"" is submitted.

He was the senior of the ratings saved from H.M.S. " Shark,"
but was not interviewed at the time of writing my previous letter
as he was in hospital.

2. This Petty Officer has now practically recovered. Able
Seaman Howell, the other survivor from H.M.S. " Shark," who
was sent to hospital in Hull, will probably not be fit to travel
for six to eight weeks.

STUART NICHOLSON,

Rear- Admiral Commanding,

East Coast of England.

TO REAR-ADMIRAL COMMANDING EAST COAST
OF ENGLAND.
Sir,

I. Wm. Griffix. Torpedo Coxswain, Avill endeavour to
give you the information to the best of m}^ knowledge of the
action and sinldng of the H.M.S. " Shark." We were in company
with the Battle Cruisers " Invincible," &c., also four destroyers
(including the " Shark "); during the daj^ 31st of May we were
told by the Captain that we would probably meet the enemy.
During the afternoon, about 3 o'clock, I should say, the report
of the enemy was sighted, which was in great number, and action
stations was rung on the alarm bell. We then proceeded at a
speed of 25 knots. The signal was made open fire, in which we
altered course to Port, the course being N.E., the Starboard guns
being used. Again we altered course to Port, the course being N.,
it was then that our steering was hit, I report steering gear gone.
Sir, which the captain gave orders to me to man the after wheel,
it was then that I got Mounded in the head and over the right
eye, we then went to Starboard making use of our guns on the
Port side, this was when the Forecastle gun's crew Avere com-
pletely blown away, gun and all ; about this time the " Acasta "
arrived, and the captain of the " Acasta " asked if he could
assist us, and the cajjtain replied don't get sunk over us, we then
with our steering gear and engines out of action, she was helpless
and wath onlj' one gun firing which was the midship gun, and
the captain came off the bridge and spotted for the midship gun,
during that time he gave me orders for the boats and rafts to
be lowered and got out, but the boats was useless, he also
gave orders for the collision mat to be got out, which was done ;

32U BATTLE OF JUTLAJSD:

all this time the enemy's Light Cruisers and destroyers were
constantly shelling us ; several of the enemy destroyers came
very close to us in line formation, the range being about 600 yards,
we were still firing our only gun, by this time the gun's crew
consisted of three men, the Midsliipman, T. Smith, R.N.R.,
J. Howell, A.B., Gunlayer II., and C. Hope, A.B. The captain
was then wounded slightly in the leg, but he managed to control
the gun, myself remaining there for orders from the captain.
I must say that during the first part of the action the foremost and
after toi'pedo were fired, and the spare toi'pedo was just hoisted
up in line wdth the tube when a shell hit the air chamber and
exploded. We were about half an hour in action when our engines
stopped, she was battered about by shell, and began to settle
down at the bows. At this time the gunlayer, J. Howell, A.B.,
was wounded in the left leg, it was about a minute afterward,
the captain had his leg shot away, the shell not exploding.
('. Hope, A.B., left the gun and assisted the captain, doing what
he could to it. It was about five minutes afterwards that the
ship sunk. Captain gave orders to save yourselves, the two rafts
were filled up (the third raft could not be got out owing to shell
fire), and as time went on the men began to gradually die away
with exposure, the water being very cold. While we were in
the water we saw a number of our ships and destroyers pass us
at full speed chasing the enemy. At 10 o'clock (old time) we
were picked up by the Danish steamer, S.S. " Vidar," bound for
Hull, there was seven of us, one, Ch. Sto. Newcombe, who died
on board. Nearly everyone on board wore hfebelts or Ufe-
saving collars, which proved a great success, and the rafts were
also of great service to us, carrying about twelve. This is the
best account I can give.

Your obedient Servant,
Wm. GRIFFIN,

Torpedo Coxswain,

Late H.M.S. " Shark,"

REPORTS OF COMMANDING OFFICER,
H.M.S. " SPARROWHAWK."

H.M.S. " Onslaught,"
Sir, 5th June.

I HAVE the honour to report the proceedings and loss of
H.M.S. " Sparrowhawk " on night and morning of 31st Maj'-
1st June.

After dark on 31st, the flotilla was in follo\ving order :
" Tipperary," " Spitfire," " Sparrowhawk " and remainder of
4th Flotilla in company with Captain (D) in single Une ahead,
Course South, 17 knots, 5 miles astern of 2nd B.S.

About 11.30 vessels were sighted on the Starboard quarter
overtaking the flotilla and apparently steering the same Course,
except that the leading shij) had 3 funnels, they could not be
distinguished, the night, though light, being hazy.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES, 321

When the leading Ship was abreast of " Tipjierary," she
Tswitched on her searclihghts and immediately opened fire, at
the same time showing recognition signals of red and green
lights. I ordered torpedoes to be fired at .3rd Ship in the hne ;
one torpedo Avas fired, the estimated i-ange being inside
1,000 yards, and it is thought a hit may have been obtained as
an explosion was observed bj^ men aft. The '" Tipperary " was
now A\'ell on fire ; next ahead could not be seen. I hauled
out of line to port, the enemy about this time putting out his
searchUghts. I found " Broke " just clear of the line, and not
seeing any other destroyers, took station astern of lier. Witliin
a few minutes fire was opened on " Broke " from the Starboard
bow and she altering course to port, I altered at the same time
to avoid turning in her wake. The enemy then ceased fire.

" Broke " appeared to be steadied on a course about East.
A destroyer was then sighted on Port Boaa', steering across my
bows, and to give her more room, I ordered port 10°, but ship
had hardly started to swing, when " Broke " was observed
to be turning to port very rapidly, helm was put hard a starboard,
but before this had any effect, " Broke " hit " Sparrowha-wk "
just before forebridge, cutting halfway into the ship and locking
the 2 ships together; whilst in this position, a destroyer, name
unknown, rammed '" Sparrowhawk " in the stern, cutting off
about 5 feet and ramming rudder hard a j^ort.

The 2 ships now drifted apart and endeavour was made, by
working screws, to make to the westward but progress was very
sUght.

About 2 a.m. a three funnelled German Cruiser, apparently
" Mainz " class, was seen to sink.

Survivors of '" Tipperary " were picked up about 3 a.m.

" Dubhn " and " Marksman " were sighted about 4 a.m.,
;and in accordance mth orders of Captain of "' Marksman,"
the Ship having been prepared for toudng, officers and men
were taken on board " Marksman," and endeavour was made
to tow " Sparrowhawk " stern first, but OAAdng to resistance
•caused by stern being off and helm hard-a-port, wire parted,
and in accordance with orders from V.A., 1st B.S. " Sparrow-
hawk " was sunk by gunfire. All Confidential Books and
documents Avere burned A\dth the exception of General Signal
Book Standard and Service Call Signs, which were brought
back, and the Vocabulary Signal Book, which was in
use in W/T office at the time of collision and could not be found
afterwards, as W T office was badly AA'recked, it may have gone
over board then, or been throAAii in a corner A\hich could not be
searched.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

S. HOPKINS,
The Captain (D), L^ Comder.

4th Flotilla.

z. 12872 X

322 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

Cliowtoii Lodge,
Highcliffe.
}s;iK.' Hants.

In accordance with orders from the Admiralty I have
this day forwarded by express delivery to Admiralty preliminary
report of sinking of enemy's cruiser on morning of 1st June, for
rej)otiti()n by telegram to Commander-in-Chief, and I beg to
confirm this report by letter.

In the early morning of 1st June " Sparro\\'hawk " was lying
disabled in practically the same position she was in at midnight,
when she was 5 miles astern of 2nd Battle Squadron. Position
cannot be given by Latitude and Longitude as charts and other
documents were either destroyed or went down in the ship.

About 3 a.m. a vessel was sighted bearing East about
2 miles, steaming slowlj^ North, after being in sight for about
10 minutes she gradually healed over and sank bows first. Ship
had 3 high fminels equally spaced wdth little or no rake, 2 masts
on which I thought I could make out searchlight platforms and,
as far as I could see, a straight stem, but details were difficult
to make out owing to mist. I considered her to be a German
cruiser of " Augsburg "' or similar class.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

S. HOPKINS,
The Commander-in-Chief, Lieut. -Comdr.

Grand Fleet.

H.M.S. " BROKE,"
Sir, 3rd June 1910.

I HAVE the honour to report as follows regarding the
proceedings of H.M.S. " Broke," from 9.15 p.m. 31st May ta
5.0 p.m. 3rd June 1916.

2. At 9.15 p.m., 31st May, the 4th Flotilla was in L.T. 2
formation ahead of " King George V." Course South, 17 knots.

3. At 9.50 Flotilla turned 16 Points and took station 5 Miles
astern of Battle Fleet, passing through the Hnes.

4. At 10.6 resumed Course South, 17 knots. " Broke's "
half Flotilla joining astern of " Tipperarj^'s " by signal.

5. From about 10.30 intermittent heavy firing was observed
on the Starboard Bow, and a signal was intercepted " D. XI to
C. in C, Have been engaged by enemy destroyers."

6. At about 1040 a large explosion as of a Shij) blowing up.
was observed S. l)y E. Shortly afterwards I observed two sliij^s
on the Starboard side of ' Tipperary " make the correct reply
to the " Challenge." I thought they ^^ere two of our cruisers
but was not certain. I then observed, certainly, one of our
Armoured Cruisers pass ahead on our Port Side.

^ This letter was sent to the Commander-in-Chief as an enclosure to-
Commodore (F.)'s letter dated 14th June 1916, printed on page 326.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 325

7. Soon afterwards, about 11.0 p.m., three cruisers, rather
before the Starboard Beam, standing about S.S.W., switched
searchhghts on " Tipperary " and leading destroyers and opened
fire; '" Tipperary " was observed to burst into flame. " Broke,"
not having been illuminated, turned to Port and fired Starboard
After Torpedo Tube at the rear Cruiser. The results of this shot
is unknown. " Broke " swung as far as S.E. and then resumed
her course Soutli, no destroyers at that time being visible
ahead.

8. About 5 minutes later (1 1.30 p.m.) a large Shiji was sighted
about two points before '' Broke's " Starboard Beam standing
about S.S.W. I gave the order to challenge, but immediately
the stranger challenged by a green hght system, followed by
switching on searchhghts and oj)ening fire. The order was given
to fire the remaining Starboard Tube, full speed ahead both, and
fire was opened by " Broke," and after a shght pause for the
firing of the Torpedo I gave the order Hard a Starboard. The
No. 1 of the Tube has since reported that his sights never came
on, of wliich I was unaware at the time, and did not know that
the Torpedo had not been fired.

9. Almost immediately after turning to Port a Destroyer
(" Sparrowhawk ") was sighted on the Port side. I then gave
the order Hard a Port ; not getting any reply the Navigating
Ofiicer went down to the Lower Bridge and found all hands
killed and the Helm jammed hard a starboard. I, in the mean-
time, had given the order full steam astern. The Port Telegraph
moved one revolution but the Starboard Telegraph and Wheel
were completely jammed, having been put out of action at the
second or third round.

10. The Ship then struck " Sparrowhawk " on her Starboard
Bow abreast the bridge. Owing to damage to No. 1 Stokehold
and large escape of steam no communication could be established
with the Engine Room for a considerable time. The Engineer
Lieutenant Commander coming on deck and being informed that
the fore part of the Ship and all Officers had gone, stopped the
engines.

11. I told the 1st Lieutenant to go aft and stop the engines.
He reported that he could not get aft, but subsequently managed

. to, and was shortly followed by the Lieutenant (N) and myself.
The after steering position was connected and the engines put
to astern to clear " Sparrowhawk."

12. The condition of neither ship was accurately loiown, but
I considered " Sparrowhawk," not having been under fire, was
in the better condition of the two.

13. The Enemy Ship ceased fire and was not again seen
after the collision, but during the short time of engagement
accounted for heavy casualties and damage to forward Stokehold,
Guns' crews and Bridge.

14. At Midnight course was shaped North at slow speed,
three enemy ships being subsequently sighted and passed without
apparently noticing " Broke."

X 2

324 BATTLK OF JUTLAND :

IT). At about 1.15 a.m., I.st .June, two destroyers closed
''Broke," the leader maldng a Challenge which appeared to
coininence witli letter " K." " Broke " made challenge and was
answered by a SearchUght and fire l)y the leading destroyer
about 2 cables distant on port quarter. " Broke " turned away
liriiig Port after Gun, the only one immediately available, owing
to casualties and difficulty of communication with the fore part
of the Ship. No Searchlight was available.

16. After about half a dozen rounds, 2 striking the ship
ajiiidships, the destroyers sheered off, " Broke " turning back to
the Northward. Course was then sha2)ed up the North Sea as
far as state of wind and sea permitting.

17. " Broke " passed through 57.45N., 4 . OE, 58.20 N., 1.10 E.
with the intention of making Cromarty or Scapa, but at 4.0 a.m.,
2nd June, o\Aing to a strong N.W. Breeze springing up it was
found necessary to keej) away to South, and subsequently, as
the wind permitted, course was altered to the Westward and
Tyne being made at 5.0 p.m., June 3rd.

18. W/T Communication was established with " Marvel " on
the night of lst-2nd June, but owing to Main W/T being out
of action, was soon lost, the subsequent alteration of course to
the Southward (due to N.W. wind and Sea) could not therefore
be reported.

19. All forward Mess Decks and Storerooms were flooded
owing to the collision and effect of shell fire. The three forward
boilers were put out of action, the forward stokehold leaking con-
siderably. There was no damage at all abaft the after funnel.

20. " Broke's " casualties, lists of which are forwarded,^
amounted to : — 42 Killed, 0 Missing, 14 severely wounded,
20 slightly wounded. Total, 82.

21. Some time after clearing '" Sparrow-hawk," 23 of her
ratings, 5 of which were wounded, were discovered on " Broke's "
forecastle, some of these stating that they had been thrown off
the fore bridge.

22. I Avould mention that at about 10.30 p.m. on 31st May,
the Ship appeared to pass over some submerged object, a
considerable shock being distinctly felt both on the Bridge and
in the Engine Room.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

WALTER L. ALLEN,
The Commander in Cliief , Commander.

Grand Fleet.

H.M.S. "BROKE,"

Sir, 8th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to submit tiie following addition to
my report, dated 3rd June, on the proceedings of H.M.S. " Broke "
on the night of 31st May-lst June.

^ Xot piMiited.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 325

This addition is the result of cuieful investigation and sifting
of evidence of members of the Sliips Company stationed aft,
whom I was unable to properly interview before.

Paragrajih 7.

It is not certain whether there were two or three cruisers
attacking " Tipperary."'

Leading Seaman Belsey (who fired the Torpedo),
Electrical Artificer Weeks,
Stoker P.O. Sleight (Fire Brigade),
and Stoker Jackson,

reliable men v\ho were in good positions to see, are all of them
quite clear and convinced on the following points : —

(1) There were 2 Cruisers, the rear one, only burning
searchHghts, the van one doing most of the firing.

(2) They saw or heard the After Torpedo fired,
watched it as far as possible, saw the explosion against
a 3 straight-funnelled ship, apparently a cruiser. Stoker
P.O. Sleight described the funnels in detail, and particularly
the bands such as are evident in the photographs " Braun-
schweig " and " Bremen " classes, on pages 127, 135
"Jane's Fighting Ships, 1915."

On the other hand, the No. 2 of this tube saw no explosion.

The Torpedo Gunner's Mate at the forward tube did not
consider the opportunity sufficiently favourable to justify a shot,
and therefore did not fire.

The training of the forward tube was 10 Degrees Before ;
that of the after tube abeam. This would account for the after
tube having more time.

Paragraph 8.

The T.G.M. at the forward tube having previously adjusted
the Director by order, for " similar courses," considered the
enemy to be standing in the opposite direction, and altered his
Director accordingly, and consequently lost what would otherwise
have been a possible shot.

A considerable amount of latitude is allowed to the Nos. 1
of the tubes, on account of their scattered positions, distance
from the bridge, and unreliable means of communication.

The ship that engaged the " Broke " was a 2 funnelled ship,
and cranes were observed.

The reason why I reported previously that it was not considered
that " Broke " had seriously damaged an enemy ship, was as
follows : —

On the return passage I had too much to attend to, to
interrogate others than officers ; and the Gunner, though he
informed me that some people thought that the torpedo had

32(> BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

l]it, did so in such a manner as to lead me to believe that the
evidence was of little value.

I regret that tliis report is so late, but the pressure of work
connected with the ship prevented me completing a thorough
investigation earlier.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
WALTER L. ALLEN,
The Commader-in-Chief, Commander.

H.M. Ships and Vessels,
Grand Fleet.

Enclosure 22 to Submission No. 1415 of 20/6/lG
from C.-in-C, Home Fleets.

From— The Commodore (F), Grand Fleet Flotillas, H.M.S.

" Castor."
To — The Commander-in-Chief, Grand Fleet.

Da^e— 14th June 1916.
Number 0017/2.

Herewith are submitted reports from the Captain (D) Fourth
Destro3'er Flotilla, concerning : —

" Tipperarj^"
" Spitfire/'
" Porpoise,"
" Onslaught,"
" Broke."

J. E. P. HAWKSLEY,

Commodore (F).

REPORT OF LOSS OF H.M.S. " TIPPERARY."

Sir, 8th June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report, as the only surviving
Executive Officer of H.M.S. " Tipperary," the circumstances of
the loss of that Ship, to the best of my recollection.

On the night of Wednesday the 31st of May H.M.S.
" Tipperary " was leading the 1st Division of the 4th Flotilla in
hne ahead with the 2nd Division of that Flotilla on her Port
beam. The course, to the best of my knoAvledge, was about
South. The night was dark and Sea fairly calm.

The Captain (D) (Captain C. J. Wintour) was on the Bridge
with Lieutenant (N) E. N. G. ]\laton amd the Signal Boatswain
(Mr. A. W. PhiUips); the First Lieutenant (Lieutenant J. A
Kemp) was in the Crows Nest, from which he controlled the

^ Part omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
.&c., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

OFFICIAL DESPATCH lis. 327

Guns. The Flotilla Lieutenant (G) (LieutcMiant G. T. C.
Collins) was on the lower Bridge; Lieutenant (T) (R. I. Collier)
with the Gunner (T) (J. Gates) was at the Torpedo Tubes, but
the former was seen to go on the Bridge just before the action
commenced; my own station as Sub-Lieutenant was at the
after Guns, the ]Josition being on the Platform just aft of the
Auxiliary W/T Olfice. 1 could not, therefore, see forward.

About 1L30 p.m. I saw some Ships on the Starboard Beam
and reported these to the Bridge, but I could not make out
what they were. Soon afterwards I saw smoke and a, slight
glare from another Ship apparently going in the same direction
as us. I asked what this was, but got no reply from the Bridge.
I took her to be a friend.

About n.50 a Ship on our Starboard Beam fired one Gun.
Several men say this was a Star Shell, and that our Port
Searchlight was sAvitched on. No orders were passed aft, I
thought it was one of our shij)s firing on us by mistake ; but
immediately afterwards the Ship fired a Salvo which hit us
forward. I opened fire with the After Guns. A shell then
struck us in a steam-pij)e, and I could see nothing but steam,
but both our Starboard Torpedoes were fired.

The firing appeared to last about three minutes during which
time we were continually hit forward.

When the steam died away I found tliat the Ship was
stationary and Ijadly on fire foreward. The enemy were not
to be seen; nearly everybody amidships was either killed or
wounded; the boxes of cartridges for the fore-guns were
exploding one after the other. I closed down aft.

A Ship on our Port Bow then fired a few rounds but did not
hit us. The First Lieutenant arrived aft, very shaken ; also
probationary Surgeon (G. Blurton, R.N.V.R.,) bit in the leg.
The Engineer Commander (W. D. Colquhoun) was also on the
Quarter-deck, 1 asked him if he thought Ave could do anything
with the fire, but he appeared to be quite dazed ; as a Shell had
struck the Engine-room he was probably suffering from Concus-
sion. All the boats were smashed, but botli Carley Floats were
got into the Water.

About 1 a.m. two enemy Ships appeared off our Port Beam ;
one seemed to be a Destroyer (two funnels), the other rather
smaller and may have been a Submarine on the surface. These
Ships closed us and asked, in English, " What Ship we were."
They did not open fire.

One of tlie Carley Floats, which had left the Ship, may have
been picked up by them.

Two small fires occurred down aft, but were soon put out.

By this time most of the wood and Boats from amidships
had been thrown overboard, and the wounded got aft on to
Quarter-deck.

The confidential Books were got up and those not in the
Safes were put in an Ammunition Box and weighted. The Port
Torpedoes were fired to prevent explosion.

328 JiATTLE OF JUTLAND :

About 1.45 the First Lieutenant gave the order " Everybody
aft/' and tlie Confiflential l)ook.s were thrown overboard. The
Ship soon afterwards heeled over to Starl)oard and the Bows
went under. The J'^irst Lieutenant gave the order " Everybody
for themselves." The 8hip sank in about one minute, the 8tern
going right up into the Air. I did not see the First Lieutenant
after \vc were in the Water.

About half an hour later two German pulling Boats passed
quite close, one about the size of a 14-oarcd cutter, with about
12 men in her, and the other, about the size of a Whaler full
of men.

After about an hour in the Water, I got on to the Carley
Float. We were afterwards sighted by H.M.S. " Hparrowhawk,"
who picked us up soon after 5 a.m. There were originally 30 Men
on the Float. Four died, I think from exposure, before we got
to the " Sparrowhawk," and another four on board. All the
times mentioned above are verj' rough. I had no watch.

We were afterwards transferred from H.M.S. " Sparrow-
hawk " to H.M.S. " Marksman."

1 * ^ ^ 4: %

I am,

Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
N. J. W. WILLIAM-POWLETT,

Acting Sub-Lieutenant R.X.

"SPITFIRE'S" REPORT OF 4th JUNE.

H.M.S " Spitfire,"
Sir, 4 June 1016.

I HAVE the honom- to report the proceedings of H.M. ship
under my command in action with the enemy on the night of
31st May. The charts, notebooks, &c., in use at the time were
unfortunately lost or desti'oyed, so it is impossible to state times
and positions accurately.

2. The formation of the 4th Flotilla at dusk was L.T. ] ahead
of Battle Fleet. At dusk Flotilla was ordered to take station
astern, and the formation at about 9.30 p.m. was single line
ahead, course South, s])eed 17 knots.

" Tipperary " was leading followed bj- 1st division — " S])it-
fire," " Sparrowhawk," " Garland," " Contest "; 2nd division —
" Achates," " Ambuscade," " Ardent," " Fortune," ''' Broke "
and 2nd half Flotilla.

The position at this time was, to the best of my recollection,
about 50 miles N.N.W. of Horn's Riff. The exact formation of
the Fleet was not known.

^ Part omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&.C., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

OJjU'lClAL DESPATCHES. .'>2i>

3. During the movements denoted in paragraph 2 entmy
T.B.D.s and submarines were reported and fired at by '" C arland,"
" Contest," and '' Fortune." These v^eve not seen from " Tij>
perarv " apparently, but 1 beUeve I saw the T.B.D. w hich
" Garland "' fired at, but as course was being altered at the time
I lost sight of her.

4. Shortly after 9.30 p.m. heavy firing was observed S.\\'.,
apparently an enemy torpedo attack. Firing lasted some con-
siderable time and then died away.

5. About 10.4.3 p.m. enemy cruisers came up from the star-
board quarter (N.W.). These were reported from, I believe,
" Garland " by W/T, and at the same time they opened fire
from starboard beam at " Tip])erary," who also opened fire
practically at the same moment.

I fired my after torpedo at the 2nd ship in the line which was
a cruiser with foiu' tall funnels. The torpedo struck her between
the 2nd funnel and mainmast. She appeared to catch fire fore
and aft simultaneously and heeled right over to starboard and
undoubtedly sank.

The 2nd torpedo was fired a few seconds later than the first,
but I do not know its effect as I. turned away immediately.
Meanwhile " Tipperary " had received the full force of the
enemies' fire and was ablaze forward, her forebridge and super-
structure burning fiercely.

I fired a number of rounds at the enemy to try and distract
their concentration on ' Tij^perary," and then turned away
after 2nd torpedo had gone, to reload.

6. Course till turning away was South, and after that West,
till I very soon got close to our next flotilla. Switched on fighting
and navigation lights for a few seconds and turned to South again.
Then having as I hoped given sufficient time to reload, I turned
])ack to attack an enemy cruiser who had her searchhght on
" Tipperary." Unfortunately the torpedo davit was struck in
three places and the gunner, T.G.M. and L.T.O. all wounded,
which prevented the last torpedo being got into its tube. I
fired a few rounds at tlie enemy searchlight which went out, and
then closed " Tipperary," but immediately came in sight of
two enemy cruisers close to, steering to South-Eastward. The
nearer or more Southern one altered course to ram me apparently.
I therefore put my helm hard-a-port and the two ships rammed
each other, port bow to port bow. Those aft noted that the
enemy cruiser had 3 funnels with a red band on each. The
funnels were similar in a.ppearance to those of H.M.S. " Canada."
though, of course, not so large. She also had a crane each side
amidships similar to " Triumph's." I consider I must have
considerably damaged this cruiser as 20 feet of her side plating
(|-in. F.) was left on my forecastle. The plating was an upper
strake, the top part having part of the gutter way and deck plating
adhering to it, and the lower part had some side scuttle holes.
By the thickness of the coafs paint (3/32-in.) she would not
appear to have been a very new ship.

33' » BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

The effect of the collision on " Spitfire " was to completely
demolish the bridge and searchlight ])latform, and the mast
and foremost fnnnel were brought down, whaler, dinghy, and
davits torn away. The cruiser also fired a large calibre gun
at point-blank range, the projectile passing through the starboard
bridge screens Avithout exploding. Another projectile of the
sanic calibre (probably S-in.) passed through the bottom of the
2nd funnel from i^ort fore side to starboard after side, grazing
the top of the boiler, but fortunately without exploding. This
may have been at a different time, or just before colliding.

The forecastle was torn open from stem to abreast the galley
above water, and from stem to the 2nd bulkhead below water.
On the fore mess deck no side i)lating was left from stem to as
far as the capstan engine from (le(;k level to to]»s of lockers.
Some water got into the store rooms between 2nd and 3rd bulk-
heads, but the 3rd bulkhead (foreside of No. 1 oil tank) held well,
and there was never any water in fore magazines or shell -rooms
or on lower mess deck. Of those on the bridge, 3 were killed and
3 severely wounded. I myself was only slightly hurt. One
of FX gun's crew was lost overboard.

7. Just after getting clear of this cruiser an enemy battle
cruiser grazed j)ast our stern at a high speed, and I think she must
have intended to ram us. She v/as steering about N.W. and
was emitting large volumes of smoke amidships. From her
api)earance she was either of the " Moltke " type and on fire
amidships, or else a 3-funnelled battle cruiser with the centre
funnel shot away. Lights were flickering underneath her fore-
castle as if she was on fire forward.

8. The extent of the damage to " Spitfire " seemed so great
and the possibihty of steaming for long at any speed so small
that I decided not to endeavour to rejoin the fleet, but to make
for port.

MeanM hile, until I had extricated myself from the wreckage
forward the 1st lieutenant had taken charge, and having noted
the course to be N.W. just before the collision he steered from
aft and continued on that course.

At this period I considered it advisable to throw overboard
the steel chest and despatch box of confidential and secret books.
When I again took charge I found fires on forebridge and at base
of midship funnel being extinguished by the engineer officer,
C.E.R.A. and C.P.O. Smith, and others, the majority of the
ordinary fire party having been wounded.

Having found ship was making no water forward aft of the
damage and that 3 boilers were still in use, I shaped course and
speed to make the least water and the most progress towards
the land. The Mind and sea got up considerably and at one
period the wind suddenly shifted 8 points, so that I was unable
to make the Tyne until noon on June 2nd — the mutual ram-
ming having occurred about 11.40 p.m. on 31st May.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 331

9. Ship was docked in Middle Dock on June 3rd and the
•crew sent on leave with the exception of a small care and mainte-
nance party. It is understood that the Captain Superintendent
Mill make arrangements as to their relief.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
The Captain (D.), C. TRELAWNY,

4th Flotilla, Lieutenant-Commander.

H.M.S. "Hecla."

H.M.S. "Porpoise,"
Sir, 6th June.

I HAVE the honour to forward the attached track chart '^
of tliis ship on the night of 31st May for information.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant.

H. D. COLVILLE,

Commander.

Enclosure No. 23 to Submission No. 1415/0022 of 20/6/16
from C.-in-C, Home Fleets.

KEPORT OF MOVEMENTS, &c., OF CAPTAIN (D),

TWELFTH DESTROYER FLOTILLA, DURING THE

NIGHT OF 31st MAY-Ist JUNE.

No. 0017/2a.

Oommander-in-Chief,

Grand Fleet.

Submitted.

J. R. P. HAWKSLEY,
'' Castor," Commodore (F).

4th June 1916.

No. 0017/2. H.M.S. " Faulknor,"

Sm, 3rd June 1916.

In accordance with j^our signal Number 1800 of 2nd June,
I have the honour to report as follows : —

3] St May.

On Fleet deploying. Twelfth Flotilla in L.T. took station on
beam of 5th Division of Battle Fleet, dropping back gradually

1 Part omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations*
■&C., in no way bearing on the couise of the action.

2 Plate 27.

332 BATTLE Of jltlaxd:

abeam of Fifth Battle Squadron who were prolonging tlie

line.

At 7.3.") p.m. — '" Faulknor " opened fii'e on a single enemy
destroyer, about 5,000 yards on starboard
beam.

At 7.43 p.m. — Ordered first division to attack destroyer and
then lejoin. First Division (" Obedient,"
'• Mindful," " Marvel," " Onslaught ") then
attacked and at 8.6 p.m. rejoined " Faulknor,"
" Obedient " reporting that enemy destroyer
had been sunk. '" Obedient " reported that this
destroyer was flying a Commodore's pennant.

At 9.35 p.m. — Flotilla was in station astern of Fifth Division of
Battle Fleet, 2 cables astern of " Agincourt,"
course South, speed 17 knots.

At 9.45 p.m. — Reduced to 12 knots.

At 10.45 p.m. — Increased to 17 knots, flotilla then being 5 miles
astern of 5tli division of Battle Fleet.

At 11.30 p.m. Being forced off course, to port, by one of our
own Flotillas led by a cruiser (believed to be
" Champion "), increased to 20 knots, course
S.S.E. Cruiser kept pressing us to port and
eventually our course was N.E. Reduced to
15 knots to let cruiser and destroyers astern
of her pass ahead.

Ist June.

At 12.15 a.m. — Strange Flotilla having passed ahead, altered
course to South, speed 17 knots. These
alterations of course and speed were estimated
to have i)ut us 5' to east of our original
position and to have dropped us to 10' astern
of Fleet.

1.45 a.m. — Sighted strange sliips on starboard bow steei;ing
S.E. On closing they were seen to be battle-
ships of the " Kaiser " class. Altered course
parallel to enemy and increased to 25 knots.
Ordered first division (who were on my
starboard quarter) to attack.

1.50 a.m. " Obedient " reported that enemy were out of
sight. Ordered first division to take station
astern and led round to attack on a N.W.
course. Ordered flotilla to follow round and
attack enemy. Sighted eneni}:' again, almost
immediately, still steering S.E.

About 2.0 a.m. Fired two torpedoes from port tubes, the first
one at second ship in line, and the second one
at third ship in line. When third ship was
about 2 points abaft our beam, there was a

OFFICIAL DESr.\T< IIKS. 333

very heavy explcsiou aiul she was seen to blow
up. Tlie Humes and <lehri<i appeared to go up
a great lieight. On tiring, altered course to
N.N.W. and proceeded down enemy line, six
battleships in all. The first four of which
were certainly '" Kaiser " class, and I think
the last two were of the same class. I am,
however, not absolutely positive about the
class of the last two. One destroyer was
• stationed close undei' ])ort quarter of third

enemy battleship. Controlled fire was opened
on the enemy's battleships and continued as
we passed down the line. As we neared end
of battle line, cruisers were observed (three,
apparently "' Rostock " class) behind battle-
ships, and standing towards us, opening fire
heavily on us as they approached. Altered
away N. by E. and increased to full speed.
After a short time cruisers altered back
towards their own Fleet and continued to
attack the destroyers astern of us. Altered
course back to S.W. and gradually tt) South
at 2.20 a.m., Avith the intention of keeping in
touch.
2.25 a.m. Again sighted enemy, who appeared to be one
cruiser standing towards us. Altered course
to west. Lost sight of enemy and altered
course back to south. After this we did not
again sight enemy. When enemy line was
last seen at about 2.10 a.m. they appeared to
be steering 8. S.W.

The folloAving reports were made to Commander-in-Chief : —

0152. Enemy's battlefieet steering S.E., approximate bearing

S.W. My position 10' astern of first battle squadron.
0212. Enemy steering S.S.W.

Both above signals were made twice on power and were not
answered.

Flotilla was ordered to work i-ound to South after maldng
their attack, but most of them appeared to have been cut off by
the cruisers, as only " Obedient " and " Marvel " were with
" Faulknor " when attack was completed.

Note. — ^There is no doubt that enemy battlefieet turned away,
probably 8 points directly after we first sighted them, but they
must have turned back to S.E. almost immediately. Their
speed was estimated to be 16-18 knots, and the range on
torpedoes being fired was about 3,000 yards.

3.30 a.m. Passed " Marlborough '" steeering North.

3.40 a.m. Joined 5th division of Battlefieet and took
station on quarter of " Agincourt.''

334 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

3.65 a.m. Opened fire on a Zeppelin, but I do not tliink we
hit her.

1* * * * *

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

A. J. B. STIRLING,

The Commodore (F.), Captain (D),

Grand Fleet Flotillas. Twelfth Destroyer Flotilla.

Enclosure to Cai)taiii (D), 12th Flotilla's Report, No. 0017/2,

dated 3/6/16.

H.M.S. "NARWHAL,"

12th Destroyer Flotilla,
Sir, "3rd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report that at 2.10 a.m. on 1st June
11)16, when steaming South at 17 knots in company with
" Faulknor " and 12th Flotilla, I sighted enemy's Battle Fleet
about 1 mile on Starboard bow, steering approximately S.S.E.

CVjurse was altered to port to conform to movements of
" Faulknor," and signal was received from Capt. (D). to attack.
I increased to full speed and followed "Maenad," who after
getting ahead of enemy altered to starboard to come in to the
attack.

At 2.20 I sighted the first three ships of enemy's line, and
at 2.21 fired first torpedo at third ship, a Battleship of " Kaiser "
class, estimated range about 3,000 yards. A large explosion
was observed in her direction about three minutes later.

At about 2.25 a second torpedo was fired at what appeared
to be the last ship in the enemy's line, class of vessel not
distinguishable .

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
H. V. HUDSON,
The Captain (D), Lieut.-Commander, R.N.

12th Destroyer Flotilla.

From — The Commanding Officer, His Majesty's Ship " Maenad."

Dated— 5 June 1916.

To— Captain D, H.M.S. " Faulknor."

Submitted : —

Attached is approximately the same report as one I was
ordered to send to Captain D, XIII. Flotilla, when at Queensferrj%
marked " copy " of one to you.

^ Part omitted here, referring solely to persoiinel, recommendations^
&c., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 335

At the time it was written it was not known if any other ships
had .seen the explosion referred to or not.

I would point out that the time, viz. 2,28 G.M.T. by deck
watch, was noted by my orders and checked just afterwards
by my 1st Lieut., and that as nearly all other times appear to be
2.10 a.m., while my attack took place when nearly daylight
and after the remainder by at least 10 minutes, the point is
of importance, and would seem to indicate a distinct possibility
of two ships having been sunk.

J. P. CHAMPION,

Commander.

H.M.S. " MAENAD,"
Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report that at 2.28 a.m. on 1st June
after attacking enemy's line of Dreadnought battleships of the
" Kaiser " class with torpedoes, one of them, the fourth in the
line, was hit amidships, wliicli caused a terrific explosion
apparently of her magazines, the flames topping her mastheads.
Though the ships ahead and astern of her were seen after this,
the ship hit was not seen again, and I consider there is little
doubt that she was sunk.

No other British ships were visible to me at this time.

The details of my attack were as follows : —

After sigJiting the enemy's battleships about 2 a.m. and
getting your signal to attaclc, I trained both tubes to starboard
anticipating that you intended closing and firing starboard side.

When you turned to starboard therefore I was not ready
and held on my course, turning later to fire one torpedo from
the port side when the tube was trained.

I then trained both tubes to starboard and went ahead,
closing in again to between 4 and 5,000 yards, when I fired two
more torpedoes with different settings on the director.

The second torpedo struck the target with the above result.

The enemy turned away from 2 to 3 points after firing the
third torpedo tho' a tM'o point turn had been allowed for.

During this third attack, Sub-Lt. Hon. A. iStuart opened
fire on the sliip abeam v.ith the after 4-in. gun and obtained
three hits on her upper works with 6,000 yards on his sights.
This ship did not open fire on " Maenad," tho' she was straddled
several times by the ship astern until the latter blew up, when
the firing ceased. The shi]3 was not struck in spite of many
close shots ])oth short and over.

Shortly after this I met the " Marksman " and '' Champion,"
who ordered me to join him, and I remained in her company
till arrival at Queensferrj^ on 2nd June 4 p.m.

At 3 a.m. tAvo passing German destroyers were engaged on
opposite courses in a few minutes, but were lost in the mist and
not followed by '" Champion."

33J) battle of JUTLAND :

At ~) a.m. 10 survivors of " Fortune " were picked u]), also
one \hn\y fr(jin " Ardent " for identification purposes.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
Captain D. J. P. CHAMPION,

H.M.S. " Faulknor," Corad.

XII. Flotilla.

II. " Faulknor,"

Forwarded : — 6.6.16.

It appears more than probable that a second ship of the
" Kaiser " class was destroyed by " Maenad's " torpedo. In
connection with the attached report it is pointed out that this
re})ort was made out wJien " Maenad " was at Rosyth, and I
did not see eitlier " Maenad " or Comdr. Champion from time
of my attack until I met him in Commodore Halsey's cabin in
" Iron Duke." Commander Champion asserts that there were
only o ships in enemy line, whereas I distinctly saw and counted 6.

A. J. B. STIRLING,

Captain (D),
Commander-in-Chief. 12th Flotilla.*

(Through Com. F.)

H.M.S. " ONSLAUGHT,"

Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to suljmit the following report of the
action of June 1st.

At about 2.30 a.m. on June 1st we received the signal from
*' Faulknor " to attack the enemy.

The telegraphs were put on to full ahead, all hands being
at action stations, except the foremost gun's crew (gun out of
action), who M^ere distributed as necessary for ammunition
sup])ly, &c. The enemy appeared in single line ahead; our
own course and the enemy's being convergent, \\ith tubes bearing
to starboard.

()\\'ing to mist no torpedoes were fired as the target was
not clear.

The ship was then turned 4 points to Port and then 2 minutes
latei* 16 points to port, when she was again heading for the
•enemy on a convergent but opposite course.

The order was passed to tubes : " Fire when your sights are
on."

The two after torpedoes being set for short range, were fired
by the Gunner (T), and the two foremost ones by the T.G.M.,
set for long range; the first of these latter two hit the second
ship of the fine (apparently one of the " Kaiser " class).

OrFICIAL DESPATCHES. 337

A big explosion ensued, the flames mounting to about 400 ft.
All torpedoes having been fired " Onslaught " turned 8 points
to starboard ; meanwhile a 3-funnelled ship, next astern of the
one torpedoed opened fire and shell burst against the port side
of the chart house and fore bridge, igniting a box of cordite,
causing a fire in the chart house, completely wrecking the fore
biidge and destroying nearly all navigational instruments.

At the time there were on Fore Bridge : — the Captain, First
Lieutenant, Torpedo Coxwain, 2 Quartermasters, and both
Signalmen and the Gunner on his way up the Bridge ladder.
I had just been sent down to tell the Engine Room to make
black smoke, in order to screen our movements, and had only
got to the bottom of the ladder from the forecastle deck to the
upper deck. I went back to the bridge and finding everything
wrecked. Captain mortally wounded, and the First Lieutenant
killed, I assiuned command and gave orders for the after steering
position to be connected, which was done very smartly. The
fire having been got under, I took station astern of the " INIindful."
In view of the fact that all torpedoes had been fu-ed, one gun
out of action, and that amongst our casualties were all the
principal people, as regards the working of the ship, I considered
that the ship was not in a condition to again give action.

No other means of signalHng being available a Wireless
was sent to " Castor " (" Faulknor " not answering) asldng
permission to proceed back to harbour, which was approved
later. At 5.15 a.m. a position was obtained from "Mindful,"
and a course set N. 60 W., 30 knots. The glass top of the after
compass was broken, and it was checked by boats' compass.
The conditions were such on the bridge that the Doctor
considered it necessary to remove the Captain to shelter; this
was done. At 10.0 a.m. speed was reduced to 15 knots owing
to the state of the sea. At 12.30 p.m. the Captain died.

At 2.0 p.m. increased speed to 25 knots.

About 4.0 p.m. a signal was made to Inchkeith that I expected
to arrive off May Island at 7.0 p.m., and that I had no means of
long-distance signalhng and the private signals had been destroyed
by fire.

At 7.0 p.m. sighted Arbroath during a rain squall and altered
course to S. by W. increasing speed to 30 knots.

I signalled my 7.0 p.m. position to Inchkeith.

Off May Island, Torpedo Boat No. 34 signalled me to stop
and take stations astern. She escorted " Onslaught " as far as
the Forth Bridge, and when abreast of H.M.S. " Woohvich "
I anchored.

The dead and wounded were taken charge of by the Staff
Surgeon of " Woolwich," and sent ashore in Hospital Lighter.

I remained at anchor during the night and in the morning
acting under orders of Captain of " Woolwich," weighed and
secured to No. 39 buoy. ,

X 12S72 Y

338 BATTLE OF JUTLANJ) :

The behaviour of the Ship's Company during the whole
action and afterwards deserves the highest praise.

1 liave the honour" to be,
8ir,
Your obedient Servant,

H. KEIVIMIS,
The Captain (D), Sub-Lieutenant.

12th Destroyer Flotilla.

II.

No. 0017/2.

Commodore (F),

Grand Fleet Flotillas.

With reference to my report No. 0017/2 dated 3rd June 1916,
the attached report from " Onslaught " is submitted.

A. J. B. STIRLING,

Cajjtain (D),
" Diligence," ' Twelfth Destroyer Flotilla.

8th June 1916.

No. 0017/2.

Commander-in-Chief,

Grand Fleet.

Submitted.

III.

J. R. P. HAWKSLEY,

" Castor," Commodore (F).

9th June 1916.

Enclosure to Captain (D), 12th Flotilla's Report, No. 0017/2,

dated 3/6/16.

REPORT OF 1st DIVISION, 12th DESTROYER
FLOTILLA.

H.M.S. " Obedient,"

3rd June 1916.
With reference to Commander (F), Signal 1800, of 2nd June
1916. The following is consolidated report of 1st Division,
after meeting held on board H.M.S. " Obedient." H.M.S.
" Onslaught " absent : —

P.M.

5.45. Enemy in sight to the South.

British Battle Cruisers steering N.E. heavily engaged.
Battle cruisers and Flotilla crossed bows of 12th Flotilla.

^ Part omitted here, referring solely to personnc I, recommendations,
&c., in ijo way bearing on the course of the action.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 339

P.M.

6. 0. 5th Battle Squadron passed this Flotilla and deployed,
flotilla under heavy fire from enemy Battle fleet.
" Marvel " struck by 12-in. shell.

Flotilla formed in L.T. and took up cruising station on
flank of Battle fleet.
6.15. " Defence " blew up astern of Flotilla.
6.30. Enemy Battle cruiser totally disabled bearing S.W.
7.38. 1st Division opened fire on enemy Destroyer bearing

West.
7.45. 1st Division parted company, attacked enemy T.B.D.
and sank her.
Division straddled by Salvoes from T.B.D. 's further to
the west.
7.59. Rejoined Captain (D) in accordance with signal.

Report to (D) 12, T.B.D. sunk was of the " V " class,
the letter seen but number shot away. She was
flying Commodore's pendant.
8.30. Course iS.W., 17 knots.
9. 0. Course South.
9.20. Course S.S.E., 20 knots.
10.30. Destroyers were attacked on Starboard beam, ship

observed on fire,
11.20. Observed one of our flotillas attack enemy Battle fleet
on our starboard bow. Three torpedoes were seen
to explode, ship also observed to be on fire.

A.M.

12.10. Flotilla received heavy gunfire from the direction of the

Starboard beam.
12.18. Course E., 17 knots.
12.30. N.E., being chased. Then turned round to South.

1.43. " Obedient," D 12. Enemy S.W.

1.45. 1st Division proceeded to attack.

1.50. Enemy turned away, 1st Division rejoined D 12.

2. 0. Commenced second attack, enemy clearly visible to
Port. Dreadnought battleships leading, pre-Dread-
noughts astern of them steering E.S.E.

2. 5. " Obedient " fired torpedo at Kaiser class battleship.

2. 9. Approximately. Torpedo exploded between her funnels,
clearly fighting her up. Explosion was so great, that
magazine probably blew up, flames went up higher
than mast. It is considered that ship undoubtedly
blew up and sank.

2. 10. " Obedient " fired 2nd torpedo at pre-Dreadnoughts.

Between 2.5 and 2.8 " Marvel " fired four torpedoes.
At this time division was being straddled by a heavy
fire, noise of guns and bursting shells was too great
to allow of certain observations as to results of latter
torpedoes, it is not considered that their explosion
could have been heard, unless their magazines had
gone up as in first case. " IMindful " only having

Y 2

340 BATTLE OF JUTLAND !

two boilers attempted to go straight for enemy,
.Sighting them on Starboard bow, and turned to fire,
but was masked by " Onslaught," which was following
in wake of " Obedient," and again by another T.B.D.,
name unknown. " Mindful " was obliged to turn away
to avoid being rammed on both occasions.

" Onslaught " fired torpedoes, one of which was observed
to hit an enemy Dreadnought.

" Mindful " and " Onslaught " under heavy fire. " On-
slaught " hit within a few seconds of firing torpedoes.
2.20. Flotilla worked round to the South. " Mindful " and
" Onslaught " placed themselves under orders of
" Opal."

3,25. Observed " Marlborough " steering North. Slight list to
Starboard.

3.35. Joined " Revenge."

3.55. Zeppehn in sight. " Revenge " fired 15-in. salvoes at her.

8.45. Observed British destroyer with bows gone.

9,10. Observed men on rafts, informed D 12.

9.25. Parted company with D 12 and returned to pick uj)
men on rafts. They had already been picked up by
Dutch steamer. Men were German Bluejackets, and
it is believed belonged to German cruiser seen to sink
by " Sparrowhawk."

" Obedient " G. McOWEN CAMPBELL,

Commander.

" Marvel " - R. WATKINS GRUBB,

Lieut. -Commander.

" Mindful " - J. C, RIDLEY,

Lieut, -Commander.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 341

HARWICH FORCE.

DIARY OF EVENTS FOR PERIOD TUESDAY, 30th MAY,
TO SATURDAY, 3rd JUNE, 1916.

(Forwarded by Commodore Tyrwhitt on 19 July 1916.)

Tuesday, 30th May.

" Lucifer " sailed at 8.0 a.m. (G.M.T.) for the Humber to refit.

" Manly " returned to Harwich on completion of refit at the
Humber.

Admiralty directed that destroyers detached at Dover should
return to Harwich. " Loyal," " Lennox," " Lassoo," " Lark,"
" Miranda," " Mastiff " and " Matchless " arrived from Dover
about 5.0 p.m. (G.M.T.). (" Meteor " was detained there by
defects).

At 6.20 p.m. Admiralty directed that Harwich Force should
be ready to sail at daylight if required. Informed Admiralty
that the probable strength of the Squadron would be 5 Light
Cruisers-, 2 flotiUa leaders, and 21 destroyers, including eight
detailed for the 3rd Battle Squadron.

Wednesday, 31st May.

" Hornet," " Ferret," " Druid," " Sandfly," " Beaver,"
" Hind," " Lennox " and " Mastiff " left Harwich at 2.0 a.m.
to join the Vice-Admiral, 3rd Battle Squadron in the Swin.

Remainder of Harwich force was kept at one hour's notice.

" Lennox " returned with defects and was replaced by
" Matchless," who sailed at 4.20 a.m.

'■' Lookout " and " Lafore}^ " returned to Harwich from
Chatham on completion of defects.

" Meteor " arrived at Harwich from Dover at 5.0 p.m.

Intercepted W/T signals during the afternoon showed that an
action was being fought between the British and German Fleets.
At 4.45 p.m. requested instructions from the Admiralty, and at
5.12 p.m. the HarAvich Force proceeded to sea so as to be ready
to carry out any orders received. At 5.40 p.m. the Admiralty
ordered the force to return to harbour and wait orders. Arrived
at base at 6.30 p.m.

Thursday, 1st June.

At 3.9 a.m. received directions from the Admiralty to proceed
to join the C.-in-C. Grand Fleet. FoUoAving ships sailed at
3.50 a.m. : " Carysfort," " Cleopatra," " Conquest," " Aurora,"
"Undaunted," " Nimrod," " Lightfoot,"

" Laforey," " Lance," " Loyal," " Manly,"

"Lookout," "Lassoo," " Leonidas," "Murray,"

" Lawford," " Lysander," " Mentor," " Milne,"

"Laverock," "Lark," "Miranda," " Myngs."

342 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

At 6.20 a.m. informed the C.-in-C, Grand Fleet, that the
Harwich Force was proceeding to Lat. 55-30 N., Long. 6-0 E.

At 8.36 a.m. received orders from the C.-in-C. to send a
division to escort " Marlborough." Detached " Laforey,"
" Lookout," " Lawford " and " Laverock " for this purpose at
9.20 a.m.

At L53 p.m. sighted " Marlborough," and despatched
" Lance," " Lassoo," " Lysander " and " Lark " to escort her.

At 5.35 p.m. received directions from the C.-in-C, Grand
Fleet, and at 7.2 p.m. from the Admiralty, to return to base.

Friday, 2nd June.

The Squadron arrived at Harwich at 7.30 p.m.

" Canterbury " was in harbour on arrival, having taken part
in the action of 31st May- 1st June and proceeded direct to
Harwich.

" Laforey," " Lookout," " Lawford," " Laverock," " Lance,"
" Lassoo," " Lysander," " Lark," arrived at Harwich at 11.0p.m.
on completion of escort duty with " Marlborough."

Saturday, 3rd June.
Nothing to report.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 343

BRITISH SUBMARINES.— REPORT FROM CAPTAIN (S)

From—The Captain (S), H.M.S. " Maidstone."
^o— The Chief of the War Staff, Admiralty.
Date— 7th. June, 1916.
iVo.— 0157.

Submitted :

Submarines " E.55," " E.26 " and "D.l" left Harwich at
7.0 p.m. (G.M.T.) on the 30th May, to spread on a line 270° from
Vyl Light Vessel, " E.55 " 4 miles, " E.26 " 12 miles, and " D.l "
20 miles from it.

2. " E.55 " sighted Horn's Reef at 0.5 a.m. on the 1st June.
At 0.20 a.m., a ZeppeUn, flying low, approached and " E.55 "
went to the bottom to the west of Horn's Reef. At 0.45 a.m.
a noise was heard as of a sweep passing very close to the
Submarine.

Between 2.15 and 5.30 a.m., 11 explosions of varying
intensity were heard.

Nothing was seen throughout the day, except a Destroyer
at 8.25 a.m., steering N.W. It turned back to the S.E. before
coming into range.

On the 2nd, at 1.25 p.m., a German Submarine passed out
of range, steering to the Southward. At 6.13 p.m., another
Submarine was sighted zigzagging to the S.E., and a Torpedo
was fired at her just as she was turning away. There was a
loud explosion and an upheaval of water on her Port bow, but
the Submarine was able to continue her course to the South.
The Torpedo evidently struck the Port forward hydroplane.

On the 3rd June, a Submarine was sighted at 7.20 a.m.,
which dived 2 miles away, and at 3.0 p.m., another, which passed
out of range, steering to the South.

3. Submarine " E.26 " sighted Horn's Reef at 11.35 p.m. on
the 31st, and Vyl Light Vessel at 1.0 a.m., going to the bottom
on her billet between 2.0 a.m. and 3.0 a.m.

Nothing was sighted throughout the 1st June.

On the 2nd June, a Submarine, steering South, was sighted
at 11.30 a.m., but she passed out of range.

At 0.20 a.m. on the 3rd, while charging on the surface,
flashing was seen very close and approaching rapidly, and it was
answered by five other vessels, which appeared to be Destroj^ers
in Une ahead, steering to the S.E. " E.26 " had just time to
make a rapid dive before they passed.

4. Submarine "D.l" arrived on her station and dived at
4.30 a.m. on the 1st June. Nothing was sighted throughout her
patrol.

5. All three Submarines left their stations after dark on
June 3rd, and returned to Har\\ich.

A. K. WAISTELL,

Captaiw (S).
(Copy to Commander-in-Chief, Grand Fleet,
and Commodore (S)).

344 BATTLE OF JUTLAND:

REPORTS FROM INTERNED OFFICERS.

Interned Prisoner of War,
Bella Vista,
Scheveningen, Holland,
Sir, 1 4th May 1918.

I BEG to forward herewith the following reports with
referejice to the action of 31/5/16 off Jutland, under three
headings : —

A. — Report of the proceedings of the 2nd Division of the
13th Flotilla under my command.

B. — Report of the proceedings of H.M.S. " Nestor " under
my command and her subsequent loss with attached appendices.
C. — Commander P. Whitfield's report on loss of H.M.S.
" Nomad."

1. Recommendations for recognition of the Officers and men

concerned.^

2. Track chart of H.M.S. " Nestor's " operations.^

3. A letter written by Petty Officer C. J. Lewis.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

E. B. S. BINGHMI,
To Commander Royal Navy,

The Secretary to the Admiralty, (late H.M.S. " Nestor ").

Whitehall, London.

REPORT "A."— THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2nd
DIVISION OF 13th FLOTILLA AFTER 4.0. p.m. ON THE

31st may 1916.

Composition of the Division.

The 2nd Division consisted of the following T.B.D.s : —
" Nestor " (Commander Honble. E. B. S. Bingham, R.N.).
" Nomad " (Lieut. -Commander Paul Whitfield, R.N.).
" Nicator " (Lieutenant J. Mocatta).
H.M.S. " Onslow " was previously detached on special

service with H.M.S. " Engadine " and, therefore, does

not enter into my report.

2nd Division ordered to attack.

Shortly after 4.0 p.m. the signal was made by Captain " D,"
H.M.S. " Champion," to the 2nd Division under my command
to attack enemy's Battle Cruisers with torpedoes.

Proceeding to the attack.

I therefore hoisted the signal " Proceed at Full Speed " and
shaped" a course two points to Port of our own Battle Cruisers

^ Recommendations not printed. " See opposite pagei

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES.

345

course in order to reach an advantageous position on the
starboard bow of the enemy Battle Cruiser Une from whence
my attack would be subsequently launched ; at the same time
I observed the enemy's T.B.D.s carrying out a similar
manoeuvre.

"^ German Battle-Cruisers'.

3rtti^h Battle -Cruisers

y./fS p.m

<T-5S pm

— BRITISH DESTROYERS
-*- GERMAN ••

^50 pi

0> nT"

Strategical position and objectives.

This position A {see plan) was reached after half an hour's
steaming, and appeared to me to be a suitable point to turp
and carry out the following objectives : —

1. Frustrate the intended attack by the enemy's T.B.D.s
on our own Battle Cruisers by engaging them with gunfire.

2. Press home our own torpedo attack on enemy's
Battle Cruisers.

With this in mind I. turned my division approximately
14 points in succession, the remainder of the British Flotilla
conformed A\ith this movement in their respective turn.

.340 battlp: of Jutland :

Destroyer action.

Fire was then opened at extreme range 10,000 on enemy's
T.B.D.s (15 in number) and we rapidly closed them. After
proceeding somewhat over five minutes on this North -Westerly
course, the " Nomad " hauled out of line and stopped
(position B), having received damage to her machinery.

The " Nicator " then took station a cable astern of " Nestor "
and a vigorous action ensued at close range between the two
opposing lines of destroyers. Before long two enemy's T.B.D.s
were observed to sink, and a 3rd to be heavilj?^ damaged steaming
at very slow speed; the remainder retired on their B.C. Une,
dividing themselves into two portions.

Observations during action.

During this action, which came to very close quarters, I was
able to observe good results from the " Nestor's " salvo fire,
which, with that of the " Nicator," was, undoubtedly, responsible
for the sinking of their leading destroyer.

" Nestor " fires two torpedoes at enemy's B.C. line.

At position C, " Nestor " fired two torpedoes from the
starboard beam, both appearing to run well, as a result of which
the enemy's B.C.s were observed to alter course four points to
port in succession.

Enemy's T.B.D.s retire. — " Nestor " and " Nicator " press home
torpedo attack.

As related, the enemy's destroyers then retired, some of
which made back for the head of their B.C. line hotly pursued
by " Nestor " and " Nicator," the remainder shaped course
towards the rear of their B.C. Hne chased by the remaining two
divisions of British destroyers.

It will be seen in plan that " Nestor " and " Nicator " now
driving a portion of the enemy's T.B.D.s before them on an
E.N.E course, were at the same time rapidly closing the enemy's
B.Cs. ; here we were subjected to the heaviest shell fire from the
secondary armament of most of their B.C.s, but we pressed on
fully determined to drive home our torpedo attack at the closest
possible range ; when within 3 to 4,000 yards and on the beam of
the leading B.C., the " Nestor " fired her third torpedo
(position D).

" Nestor " and " Nicator " ivitMraiv, the former hit.

Then, having accomphshed my two objectives, I turned back
followed by "Nicator" to rejoin Captain " D," H.M.S.
" Champion." Shortly after this turn, however, an enemy's
light cruiser, beUeved to be their flotilla cruiser, issuing from the
disengaged side of the German B.C. Hne, took us under heavy
fire and shortly before 5 p.m. one of her shells hit No. 1 boiler;
six minutes later No. 2 boiler was also hit.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 347

Between the positions E and F the " Nestor " was only able
to steam at slow speed, and eventually came to a standstill at
position F.

" Nestor " refuses assistance.

Before reaching the final position F, H.M.S. " Petard."
Lieut-Commander E. C. O. Thomson, closed to within hailing
distance of me offering assistance and a tow ; this I was obliged
to refuse, for I could not see my way to involving a 2nd destroyer
in a danger which properly only appUed to one, for at the time
we were still under fire and able to steam slowly. In the light
of subsequent events I am convinced that my decision was
justified.

" Nicator " rejoins Captain " Z>."

" Nicator," who had so gallantly supported me all through
the attack, succeeded in making good her escape and, I understand,
rejoined Captain " D."

1 Hi ^ 4: *• ^

REPORT "B."— THE LOSS OF H.M.S. "NESTOR."

Details of the proceedings of H.M.S. " Nestor " up to the
time she was stopped in the final position " F," have already
been given in report " A."

High Sea Fleet observed to the S.E.

No sooner had the two B.C. fines disappeared to the N.W.
hotly engaged than the German High Sea Fleet was observed
approacliing from the S.E. following on the course of their B.C.s.
It became obvious that they would pass within three or four miles
of our position. At this time " Nomad " was lying stopped
E.S.E., one and a half miles from " Nestor."

The High Sea Fleet opened heavy fire on " Nomad " and she
sank after a few minutes.

Preparation to abandon ship.

From the time that we reafised that our destruction was
imminent, ail preparations were made with a view to saving as
many fives as possible, and aU confidential matter was thrown
overboard and seen to sink. ,

The motor boat and whaler were lowered to the water's edge
and the wounded were later placed in the motor boat. The
Carley floats were hoisted out and placed alongside, the dinghy
being damaged by shell fire was useless, the cables were got
ready on the F'xle in the unfikely event of a tow being forth-
coming ; this was done on the suggestion of Lieutenant M. J.
Bethell with a view to keeping the minds of the men occupied,

^ Part omitted here referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

348 BATTLE OF JlITl.AND :

" Nestor " shelled by High Sea Fleet.

The High Sea Fleet then drew up and we were very soon
straddled, not before, however, we had fired our fourth and
remaining torpedo. The " Nestor " now occupied the undivided
attention of the H.8. Fleet and was hit in many places,
princi])ally aft and rapidly commenced sinking by the stern.
Immediately I saw that she was doomed I gave my last order
" Abandon Ship."

Abandon ship, " Nestor " sinks.

This was carried out in perfect order and discipline ; the boats
and Carley boats worked their way clear of the ship, which all
the time was being subjected to a tornado of fire, and a few
minutes afterwards she reared up in a perpendicular position
and sank by the stern. Three cheers were given for the
" Nestor " and " God save the King " was sung.

As Your Lordships are aware, the greater part of the Officers
and men were saved, they being distributed in the motor boat
and two Carley floats, but a few were obKged to remain in the
water with their lifebelts on. The whaler, which had been
damaged by shell fire, shoved off with a party including myself,
but she sank after a few strokes and their occupants swam to
the motor boat, where they supported themselves holding on to
the gunwhale.

Enemy's T.B.D.s close, pick up, and make Prisoners of war of
" Nestor's " crew.

After a jjeriod of about twenty minutes a division of enemy's
T.B.D.s were detached from the H.S. Fleet and, closing us
rapidly, picked up all the survivors and hoisted our motor boat
inboard. Thus we found ourselves prisoners of vv^ar on board
S.M.T.B.D. "S 16"; the "Nestor's" Officers and men were
jDromptly separated, the former being placed below in the
Captain's cabin, the wounded in the Wardroom, and the men
in the stokeholds and engine-room.

Survivors, 2 stokers frorn H.M.8. " Indefatigable."

At 8.30 p.m. two stokers from the " Indefatigable," uncon-
scious and covered in oil, were picked up and treated by Surgeon
probationer A. Joe, of " Nestor."

Conjectural movement of S.M. " S.16."

The subsequent movements of this T.B.D. can only be a
matter of conjecture; from statements made to me by Dr. Joe,
who was called forward to attend on " Indefatigable's " men,
and from further statements made to me by my ships' company,
I have reason to beheve that we escorted a badly damaged B.C.
until noon on first of June; whether or not this B.C. reached
harbour I am unable to say, as the division of destroyers to
which we belonged parted company with her and proceeded

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 341)

direct to Wilhelmshaven, arriving there at about four thirty p.m.
Arrival at Wilhelmshaven.

REPORT "C."

Bella Vista,
1 4 Van Stockweg,
Sir, Scheveningen.

I HAVE the honour to report the circumstances leading to
the sinking of H.M.S. "' Nomad " under my command, by
gunfire of the enemy during the battle of Jutland on May 31st,
1916.

On May 30th, " Nomad " and " Nicator," in company with
" Birmingham," were carrying out a night patrol, and during
that night received orders to join H.M.iS. " Lion " and Battle
Cruiser Squadron off Ma,y Island in the morning.

At about 5 a.m. we sighted the fleet, and I received orders
to join up with Captain " D " of 13th Flotilla, in " Champion."

During the afternoon of May 31st we heard ma.ny wireless
messages on the German Telefunken note, which was reported
to be gettting closer and closer.

All preparations were made for Action, and the hands sent
to their Action Stations, and allowed to fall out again when
everything was found correct.

The signal was then received for " Champion " and the
13th Flotilla to take station one mile ahead of the 1st B.C.s,
and " Champion " and the three divisions of the 13th Flotilla
at once went on ahead, forming in " L.T." formation, with
" Nestor," " Nomad " and " Nicator " on the port wing.

The enemy were soon sighted, and the hands sent to Action
Stations. Very soon the B.C.s were engaging the Battle
Cruisers of the enemy, and at this early stage it would appear
that " Nomad " was hit somewhere aft, as a great noise was
heard in the region of the main bearings.

At about 4 p.m. the " Lion " ordered destroyers to attack,
and led by Commander Bingham in H. M.S. " Nestor," " Nomad "
and " Nicator " followed. As these ships developed full speed,
it became apparent that something was wrong in the main
bearings of " Nomad," as she was losing ground on " Nestor,"
and " Nicator " drew up on our beam. To keep the close
formation of the division, I ordered " Nicator " to pass me, and
myself took " Nicator's " position of third ship of the line.
I sent for the Engineer Officer and enquired if anything was
wrong, and he replied that he was finding out and that there
was a great noise in the main bearings. Flange joints had
started to leak and after these were tightened up the ship was
able to maintain the speed of the division.

1 Part omitted here, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

3r)(l BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

The Division having steamed sufficiently ahead to enable an
attack to be made, " Nestor " turned towards the enemy and,
followed by " Nicator " and " Nomad," commenced the attack.

At this moment about 15 enemy destroyers advanced to
intercept us, and I ordered fire to be opened on the third
destroyer of the line.

It would seem that the enemy considerably underestimated
the speed of our division, as the " Nomad " was soon being
badly hit, while the " Nestor " and " Nicator " seemed to suffer
less. A shell close by the bridge brought down the wireless gear,
and at the same time dislocated the searchlight.

Firing at the enemy's destroyers was carried with precision,
resulting in the turning of the enemy's destroyers and rendering
at least two out of action.

During this encounter, and before being close enough to fire
our torpedoes with good effect, a shell entered the Engine Room,
tearing up the deck for about 8 feet and bursting in the Engine
Room, shattered the Starboard Bulkhead valve, and destroyed
all the steampipes in the vicinity. I regret that this shell killed
Eng. Lt.-Commdr. Benoy and severely wounded E.R.A. Willis,
whose ultimate fate was never known.

Steam poured into the Engine Room, and the main engines
and auxiliary engines came to a standstill. The emergency gear
shutting off steam to the Engine Room having been rendered
useless, I gave orders to shut off from the boilers. It was then
reported to me by the Senior E.R.A. , T. C. Dickson, that the
stokeholds reported that they could not get water and I ordered
the upper deck emergency valves to the oil burners to be shut.
It was later discovered that the feed tanks had been shot through.

With the ship stopped, firing at the enemy was continued,
and one enemy destroyer was seen to sink.

By this time the fleets had turned 16 points and the foremost
4-in. gun reported that it could no longer bear on the enemy.
This report was immediately followed by a similar report from
the midship 4-in. gun.

The after 4-in. gun continued firing for a while, but, being
continually enveloped in clouds of steam, had to cease firing.

My attention was dravvTi by the signalman to a torpedo
coming straight for the ship from the starboard quarter, I, at
that moment, was watching the trail of another torpedo coming
straight under the bridge from the starboard bow. Happily
both torpedoes passed under the ship without hitting.

I ordered the ship to be prepared for being towed, and when
this was done, observing that the ship's list to port had visibly
increased and that she was slowly sinking by the stern, I ordered
the confidential books, papers, and charts to be destroyed.

Proceeding aft to destroy the confidential books in mj^ cabin,
I observed an enemy's battle squadron on the horizon on the
starboard quarter, but too far aft to alloAv of my torpedoes being
fired. It seemed to be a question whether this squadron would

officl4lL despatches. 3>i

arrive on a possible bearing before the ship had listed to such an
extent as to make the firing of torpedoes impossible. As it
turned out, the enemy came on the bearing just in time, the
torpedoes only just clearing the tube, and the last torpedo, 1
consider, damaged its tail on clearing, so great was the list.
I then, Avith Able Seaman W. Read, went aft to complete the
destruction of the confidential books.

Immediately after tliis was done, out of the haze appeared
another of the enemy's battle squadrons. " Nomad " was lying
directly in their course, and firing was opened by them on the
already crippled and sinking ship. The squadron firing at us
were four ships, of which the " Thuringen " and " Posen " were
two.

The ship was soon again being badly hit and rapid salvoes
were being fired at us.

Seeing the ship could not float much longer, and with a view
to saving as much Ufe as possible, I ordered the ship to be
abandoned. During this time the fore magazine was hit and
blew up and No. 2 boiler was hit.

I went round the ship and. ascertaining that her hfe was a
matter of minutes, left her. Firing was continued at her up to
a range of 500 yards, and a salvo was fired at her after she sank,
about a minute and a half after my leaving her.

1 ^ ^ 4: 4: ^

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

PAUL WHITFIELD,

Commander, R.N.
Commander Hon. E. B. S. Bingham, V.C., R.N.

APPENDIX 3.
To Commander Bingham, V.C, R.N.

On the 2nd of June 1916, whilst a prisoner in the German Naval
Barracks at Wilhelinshaven, I received the following information fx-om
a German Bluejacket — a survivor from the German Battle Cruiser
" Ludzow," who, for 15 years previous to the war, had lived iia Australia
and served on Merchant Ships engaged in the coast trade. He stated
that he came to Germany for a holiday just before the war and explained
that was the excuse all Germans were obliged to give for retui-ning to
the Fatherland about that time. He commissioned the " Ludzow "
new 10 months before this date and had taken part in the Lowestoft
raid.

On the morning of 31st May 1916 they were at sea when on board his
ship the order was passed to issue respirators to the crew; it then
became evident that they were likely to go into action; in the coui-se of
the day they were informed that in comjDany with their High Seas Fleet
they would engagi^ the English Battle Cruiser Squach'on and some of the

^ Part omitted linre, referring solely to personnel, recommendations,
&c., in no way bearing on the coui-se of the action.

352 UATTI.K Oi- JUTLAM):

King Kilwartl the Stncuth Class. After the action had been on some
time and the Britisli Dostroyei-s came out to attack the (Jerman CruL3ei"S,
lie was ordered with the lemainder of the Guns' Crows on the side of the
sliijj wluM-e his gun was stationed to supply ammunition to the light
guns on the opposite side to repel the attack, but he said owing to lack
of co\er many'wiM-e killed au<l tlic ligiit guns' crews disorganised by hits
from the British ships, niostiy in the superstructure; shortly afterwards
the ship was torpedoed by one of the British destroyers and she listed
but continued to steam with the Fleet, her speed gradually decreasmg,
when one of the '" Jiarhaui " Class made a dead set at her and literally
tore her to pieces with 15-in. shells. He explained one shell struck a
Turret, the 2nd from forward, and lifted the top right off, killing everyone
inside. After this he was ordered to assist in the fore dressing station,
but stated it \\'as impossible to remain there as the Doctors were killed
and the numerous womided that had been taken there for treatment
were nothing but a mass of arms and legs caused by shells j^enetrating
the hull of the shiiJ. He then proceeded to the after dressing station,
but did not go down, as the upj^er deck in places was awasli and the
firing had ceased. Shortly after, the order to abandon the ship was
gi\'on, and destroyers that were standing by came alongside and took off
the remains of the crew. He said you can take it from me when I left
that ship there were five hundred dead on boarfl. Our full crew w"ere
fourteen hundred, for we had on board about a crew and a half to fill
up the places of wounded and killed. He also stated the Germans had
no intention of coining into action with the British Grand Fleet, their
idea was to sink the Battle Ci-uiseis and the King Edward class that
accompanied them, then return to their base before the Grand Fleet
could come up and engage them, as both Fleets had been constantly
shadowed all day by Zeppelins. He told me it was a great smprise to
the Germans when thej^ found instead of the King Edward class that
came out of the fog behind the Cruisers, they had the " Barham '" class
with lo-in. guns to deal with.

I wish to state this man could speak perfect English and I had no
fear of misunderstanding him.

I have the honour to remain. Sir,
Youi' obedient Servant,
Petty Officer CHARLES JUBILEE LEWIS,

O.N. 225,059,
Late of H.M.S. " Nestor."

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 35;i

SUPPLEMENTARY REPORTS. ^

R 3/2747.

H.M.S. "Benbow,"
Sir, 3rd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward herewith a narrative of
events which occurred during the action of 31st May 1916.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

H. W. PARKER,
The Vice Admiral Commanding, Claptain.

Fourth Battle Squadron,
H.M.S. " Benbow."

CAPTAIN'S REPORT.— H.M.S. "BENBOW."

H.M.S. "Benbow,"

3rd June 1916.

NARRATIVE OF EVENTS DURING ENGAGEMENT
WITH THE GERMANS ON MAY 31st, 1916.

G.M.T. Wednesday.

P.M.

5.59 Observed Battle Cruisers engaged on Starboard Bow.
Observed flashes of enemy's guns.

6. 4 Sighted enemy's ships right ahead.

6.14 Obtained ranges of an enemy ship with 3 funnels (13,000-
14,000 yards), bearing Green 60, apparently in a damaged
condition. Trained guns on, but did not open fire.

6.26 " Iron Duke " opened fire.

6.29 After great difflcult3^ oMdng to the haze and smoke,

succeeded in getting Director on to a German ship,
apparently of the " Liitzow " Class, obtaining two
ranges from " X " turret, mean of 16,000 yards.

6.30 Opened fire with " A " and " B " turrets. Green 73.

Shots lost in haze.
6.35 Fired again with " A " and " B " turrets. Object obscured

by haze.
6.38 "A" and "B" turrets fired; object was then obscured

by smoke from a ship on fire drifting down between

" Benbow " and enemy. This ship was apparently an

enemy cruiser with 3 or 4 funnels.

^ The reports in this section were called for and received in the
Admiralty in 1919.

X 12872 Z

354 BATTLE OF JUTLAND I

G.M.T.
P.M.

6.4(» Fire was again opened with " A " and " B " turrets, at
a range of 12,500 yards; the target was crossed after
the second salvo, and the order " Control " was given
by the Control Officer.

The cease-fire gong was then rung, mist and smoke
obscuring the target.

6.48 The enemy were observed turning away to Starboard.
6,54 Ship turned to Southward.

7. 2 Passed wreck of " Invincible."

7. 9 6-in. opened fire on Destroyers, bearing Green 56, at

8,000 yards. Asked permission to open fire with turrets.
7.11 One Destroyer observed to be on fire.
7.17 Opened fire with " A " and " B " turrets on enemy ship

probably " Liitzow," Green 132 (about).

7.19 * * *i opened fire with all turrets.

7.20 Hit observed near after turret by several observers.
1 * * * * *

7.28 Ceased fire. Enemy Destroyers making smoke screen.

6-in. ceased fire about this time.
7.32 German Destroyer observed to sink.

7.34 German Destroyer making smoke observed to sink.
German Destroyer observed to capsize.

7.35 6-in. opened fire on 2 lots of Destroyers. Enemy Battle

Cruiser reported to be still afloat, 2 masts and 2 funnels
showing above water.

7.47 Trembling shock felt in Transmitting Station.

7.49 Collected reports of rounds fired : —

"A" turret - - - 12

"B" „ - - - 12

"Q" „ - - - 4

"X" „ - - - 5

"Y" „ - - - 5

Total rounds fired - - - 38

7.57 Turrets stand easy.

8.24 Heavy firing heard right ahead.

8.27 Altered course 4 points to Port.

Top reported track of torpedo right ahead, crossing
" Iron Diike's " bows.
8.34 Course, S.W. by S.

8.57 6-in. firing on Destroyers, one salvo (short).
9. 2 Altered course 4 points to Port.
9.14 Observed star shell on starboard bow.

^ See note on p. 381.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 355

Thursday.

Observed Zeppelin on Port Quarter passing astern P. or S.
Opened fire with " Y " turret, 1 round.
Opened fire with 6-in., 1 round.

H. W. PARKER,
The Vice- Admiral Commanding, Captain.

Fourth Battle Squadron,
H.M.S. "Benbow."

CAPTAIN'S REPORT.— H.M.S. "CANADA."

H.M.S. "Canada,"
Sir, 2nd June 1916.

In comphance with your signal 1835 of 1st instant,
I have the honour to report as follows : —

2. On 31st May at 5.10 p.m., the Fleet steaming S.E. by S.
in organization 5 disposed to Starboard, the signal was made
for Light Cruisers to take up position for approach. At 6.6 p.m.
the Fleet altered course to S.E., the Battle Cruisers being then
before the Starboard beam engaging the enemy heavily. At
6.10 the signal was made to 3rd and 8th Flotillas : "Take up
position for approach."

3. At 6.15 formed Line of Battle, S.E. by E., speed being
then 18 knots.

At 6.22 three Armoured Cruisers, probably 2nd Cruiser
Squadron, were abaft our starboard beam, steaming in a N.N.W.
direction, when one of them blew up.

At 6.38 " Canada " fired two salvoes at Grerman Ship, which
had apparently suffered heavily, and was much obscured by
smoke and the splash of other ships' fire. Object extremely
indistinct. Neither of these salvoes were seen to fall for certain.
At 6.45 ceased firing.

About 7.15 engaged destroyers about a point before the
beam. These turned away, using smoke screen.

4. At 7.20 fired four salvoes at battleship or battle-cruiser
on starboard beam, very indistinct, probably " Kaiser " class.
Range of first salvo was 13,000 yards, which was very short.
Third and fourth salvoes appeared to straddle, but conditions
were such as to make it impossible to be certain. This ship then
disappeared in dense smoke, proljably a smoke screen.

5. At 7.25 signal was made to turn 2 points away from enemy,
followed 2 minutes later by a second 2 points.

At 7.25 engaged destroyers attacking abaft starboard beam
Mith our 6-inch. Broadside was divided between left-hand or
leading boat and the right-hand boat. At 7.30 fired three
salvoes of 14-in. on leading attacldng destroyer abaft starboard
beam. Third salvo appeared to hit. This destroyer vanished
in smoke and is befieved to have sunk. The right-hand destroyer
was also straddled by 6-in. and was lost sight of.

3r)() BATTLK OK JUTLAND :

From 7.20 to 7.25 'Canada" appeared (from direction) to
be fired at by a battleship of "Kaiser" class, or the " Derf-
flinger," on starboard quarter. Shots fell a long way short.

7.35, ceased firing.

7.40, signal was made : " Single J^-ino ahead, course S.W."

6. H.M.S. " Canada " was not struck during the action, and
there are, therefore, no casualties to report.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
W. (A M. NICHOLSON,
The Vice Admiral Commanding Captain.

Fourth Battle Squadron.

H.M.S. " Vanguard,"
SiK, 2nd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to report on the action of 31st May,
the details of which, so far as they came under my observation,
are given in the enclosed narrative of events, and general remarks
on the action.

2. Although H.M. Ship " Vanguard " was not hit and sustained
no casualties, the conditions were a sufficiently severe test of
morale to justify a word of commendation of the ship's company.
All officers and men did their duty thoroughly well and with a
cool and cheerful demeanour which it was a pleasure to observe.
Men, organisation, machinery and material in general stood the
test well.

1 * * * * *

3. I beg to draw special attention to item in narrative of
events timed 5.55 p.m. From this it would appear the enemy
must have a knowledge of Vocabulary Signal Book Number 2,
although it has only very recently been brought into use.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

J. D. DICK,
The Vice Admiral Commanding Captain.

Fourth Battle Squadron,
H.M.S. "Benbow."

I Part omitted here referring solely to persomiel, recommendations,
&c., in no way bearing on the course of the action.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 357

H.M.S. "Vanguard,"

2nd June 1916.

ACTION OF 31st MAY 1916. H.M.S. "VANGUARD."

General Narrative of Events.

P.M.

5.52 Battle Fleet being in Columns of Divisions (Organisation
No. 5), Course South, Speed 12 knots. Gunfire and
flashes were observed between the bearing S. by W.
and W.S.W. About this time our Battle Cruisers
could be distinguished — " Lion " bearing S. by W. —
and the Fifth Battle Squadron bearing W.S.W. with
some of our four-funnelled armoured cruisers on about
the same bearing as the 5th Battle Squadron. Visi-
biUty at this time about 9,000 yards, although flashes
of guns could be seen further than the ships producing
them.

5.55 A ship on starboard bow (probably German) flashing by
signal " lAR " (" Stop engines ") — Vocabulary Signal
Book No. 2. She continued repeating this for some
time.

5.50 Heard gunfire on port bow — bearing S.S.E.

6.00 Our cruisers coming in.

6.13^ Forming fine of battle. Course, S.E. by E. During
to > this period our Battle Cruisers with the 5th Battle

6. 22 J Squadron and four-funnelled cruisers were hotly engaged
with enemy Battle Cruisers. During the period 6.15
to 6.25, enemy's shell were falling close to "Vanguard,"
mostly short, some of them ricochets, but one or two
salvoes whistled overhead falhng about 300 yards over.

6.10 One of our four-funnelled cruisers struck by an enemy
salvo blew up and disappeared.

6.20 Another of our four-funnelled cruisers struck by enemy's
salvo blew up and disappeared.

6.24 One of cwr four-funnelled cruisers surrounded by splashes
of enemy shell, zig-zagging to escape, which she did,
but apparently badly hit;

6.26 " Iron Duke " opened fire.

6.32 " Vanguard " opened fire, using director, at a three-
funnelled enemy cruiser with swan bow (?"Freya").
Range about 11,000 yards. Hit her at 4th salvo.
(This was the first target that presented itself. Enemy
Battle cruisers had been visible earher but were
blanketted by our Battle Cruisers and 5th Battle
Squadron). Continued firing at this cruiser.

6.35 ( ?) " Freya " apparently stopped (disabled).

358 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

P.M.

6.45 Divisions' 9 Pendant turn to S.E.

6.46 ( ?) " Freya " out of sight — checked fire, no target being

visible.

6.50 Passed " Acasta " disabled (two cables on starboard
beam).

6.54 Division's 9 Pendant turn to S.

7.00 Observed a German Battle Cruiser ( ? " Liitzow ") badly
on fire aft. She showed up very clearly against
western horizon, but could not fire at her, being
blanketted by " Colossus."

7.10 Passed wreck of " Invincible " (2 cables on port beam).
A destroyer standing by.

7.10 Turned together to South. About this time enemy
destroyers advanced making a heavy screen of black
smoke which, drifting to leeward {i.e., towards our
line), hid enemy ships from view and also formed a
very effective screen for the T.B.Ds. themselves.
Altered course 2 points away from enemy by sub-
divisions.

7.18 Speed, 13 knots.

7.20 Fired a few 12-in. salvoes into the advancing enemy
flotillas. Also fired a few rounds of 4-in. at them.
One of the enemy T.B.Ds. drifted disabled out of the
smoke screen.

It is presumed that enemy destroyers fired their
torpedoes about this time, but nothing was seen of
tracks.

7.25 Speed, 15 knots. Fired a few salvoes at another group
of enemy T.B.Ds.

7.30 Fired at an enemy light cruiser, which was apparently
disabled. 9 Point turn to S. by W.

7.50 Forming single line ahead on " Iron Duke." Course S.W.

8.00 Divisions separately alter course W. Speed, 17 knots.

8.25 Divisions separately alter course to S.W.

9.00 Divisions separately alter course to South. About this
time, a white star shell was fired bearing west —
evidently by a German destroyer preijaratory to
torpedo attack.

10.10 Torpedo attack on 2nd Battle Squadron — then on
starboard beam of " Vanguard," one to two mUes
distant.

10.35 Torpedo attack on 2nd Battle Squadron — then on
starboard quarter of " Vanguard " and from one to
two miles distant.

OFFICIAL DEaPATCHJiS. 359

'' Vanguard " could have fired on this attack
without using searchUghts as enemy craft were visible
in the beams of 2nd Battle Squadron searchlights.
Considered it better not to take any action reveaUng
presence of 4th Battle Squadron, of which enemy
T.B.Ds. appeared to be ignorant.

This attack made apparently from astern seemed
to suffer a good deal by 2nd Battle Squadron's gunfire.
An enemy Flotilla Leader was observed to be struck
several times by shell, making her glow fiercely for
several seconds on each occasion. She was probably
badly damaged.

(A diagram is attached^ showing approximate courses through-
out the Day Action, together with insets indicating the order
of the Battle Fleet, as the principal changes occurred, also
making reference to some of the principal events as they occurred.)

J. D. DICK,

Captain.

GENERAL REMARKS.

(1) Four targets were fired at : —

1st. Enemy cruiser, 3 funnels, swan bow ( ? " Freya ")•
About 9 salvoes (each of four guns). She was
hit at fourth salvo and several times subsequently
and is beheved to have been badly damaged.
Range, 10,000 to 11,000.

2nd. A single T.B.D. lying between the lines apparently
disabled, but in a position to fire a torpedo.
2 salvoes — 8,300. Hit her, second salvo.

3rd. Enemy flotilla coming out of cloud of oil fuel
smoke and turning in succession.

About 3 salvoes fired. Shell fell amongst
them, but did not see any definite hits.

Range about 8,000 to 9,000.

4th. Enemy fight cruiser similar to No. 1 target, but
straight bow. About 3 salvoes.
She was hit. Fire ceased as she became obscured
in smoke. She was not firing.
Range, 9,000 to 10,000.

Total rounds fired : —

12 -in. Capped Common - - - - 16

12-in. H.E. „ - - - - 42

4-in. Common ----- 5

4-in. H.E, Common - - - - 5

(2) Director Firing (aloft position) in conjunction with
primary control from Fore Top was used throughout, and with

* No trace of receipt at Admiralty.

360 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

the exception of one small breakage (whicli was quickly repaired)
it worked very well, A few mishaps occurred in the working of
gun machinery and mechanisms, but nothing to cause material
delay.

1 >i. * * * *

(4) Except for the thick weather, the gunnery conditions
were favourable for us — i.e., the lee position and the best of the
light.

(5) Two matters contributed to save the enemy Battle
Cruisers from receiving the full fire of our battle hne, viz. : —

Thick weather and the fact that the Hne of fire was
masked to a considerable extent by our Battle Cruisers
and the 5th Battle Squadron. So far as " Vanguard "
is concerned there was a difficulty in finding an enemy
ship not masked by one of our own.

It is not known whether the enemy Battle Fleet was
present or not. They were not seen by " Vanguard."

(6) The employment by the enemy of a destroyer smoke
screen appeared to be skiKul and well timed, and it
probably saved one of their heavy ships ( ? " Liitzow) " from
destruction by hiding her from view.

(7) The position of the wreck of " Invincible " is such that
it is hkely to invite the enemy's attention in the way of diving
for secret books, &c.

One of our submarines in the vicinity might do some good
work.

J. D. DICK,
H.M.S "Vanguard," Captain.

2nd June 1916.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT— H.M.S. " BELLEROPHON.'

" Bellerophon," 4th B. Squadron,
SiR; Saturday, 3rd June 1916.

I HAVE the honour to forward the following report of the
action fought on 31st May off the Horn Reef between the Grand
Fleet and the German High vSea Fleet, or parts of those Fleets.

2. The weather on the afternoon of the Battle was misty,
with a hght southerly breeze and smooth sea ; the visibility was
very variable and deceptive, it did not often exceed four or five
miles, but sometimes and during part 'of the engagement, it
reached ten miles or more.

3. The Commander-in-Chief had informed the Fleet by signal
of the main events of the afternoon, how the 1st Light Cruiser
Squadron had sighted and chased two of the German Destroyers
until their Battle Cruisers were sighted, and then turned and

^ iSee note, page 381.

()Fli( lAI, DK.S PATCHES. 361

led them to the N.W. ; and then that the enemy's Battle Fleet
were coming North and that the Battle cruiser fleet and
5th Battle squadron were engaging them.

4. MeauAvhilc the 1st, 2nd and 4th Battle squadrons, less
" Emperor of India," " Royal Sovereign " and " Dreadnought,"
with the Attached cruisers, 4th Light Cruiser squadron and
Destroyers were steaming S.E. by S. at full speed, a nominal
20 Ivuots and actually a little more.

5. At about 5.50 G.M.T. the sound of distant firing was
heard, and at 6.03 some British four-funnel cruisers were sighted
coming in from ahead, and shortly afterwards the " Lion "
" Tiger," '' Princess Royal " and " New Zealand," but no enemy
could be distinguished, though all these ships were firing briskly,
and receiving the enemy's fire.

6. The Battle Fleet altered course to South by 9 Pdt. at
6 o'clock G.M.T., but went back to S.E. at 6.8 and at 6.15 we
sighted some grey misty outhnes through the intervals in the
Battle cruisers and their smoke that appeared to be the enemy.

7. At 6.20 G.IM.T. the position of the Fleet was very compH-
cated. The Battle Fleet from divisions in line ahead steering
S.E. by S. was forming Ime of battle to S.E. at 14 knots ; the
Battle Cruisers having come in from about S.S.W. were crossing
between the battle line and the enemy to get ahead of the
former; the Cruiser squadrons were steering roughly North and
bearing about West, ahead of the enemy, on the Starboard
quarter of the Battle Fleet ; Light Cruiser squa'drons were
steaming about at high speed in various directions, and the
Destroyers were taking up their positions for action on the
battle fine. The Battle Cruisers were firing with moderate
rapidity and had evidently been hit here and there by the
enemy, the Cruiser Squadrons were under a heavy fire, and at
6.22 one was seen to receive a salvo on her Fore turret and then
to blow up and disappear.

8. As the " Bellerophon " turned into the fine to S.E. the
enemy became more plain, and with a clear range to them I
ordered " Commence " at 6.25 G.M.T. It was impossible to
count down the line from the bridge, sometimes one ship was
in sight and sometimes another, so I contented myself with
pointing out the enemy line to the Control Officer and left him
to fire at any of them that he could see at the time. At 6.40
fire was checked as no enemy could be seen. At 6.45 passed the
" Acasta " with 6, flag flying and engines stopped. At 6.35
altered course by 9 Pdt. to South. At 7.4 passed the wreck of
the " Invincible," a Destroyer in attendance with a boat down.
Just about this time several projectiles fell near the ship, and
the " Colossus " in the next division was seen to receive a hit
from a big sheU.

10. The weather was now clearer, but the absence of wind
caused the smoke from funnels, guns and shell, and from some

362 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

ships on fire to hang about on the water and obscure the view.
Just at this time too the enemy emplo\''ed some Destroyers to
run a smoke screen between the Fleets which completely hid
them and their movements for a time. An enemy cruiser or
battleship of the " Deutschland " class was the centre of a heavy
fire from the British line, but so many ships were concentrating
on her that it was impossible to spot, and the fire did not appear
very effective.

11. The High Sea Commander seemed to wish to have as
Uttle to do with the British battle line as he could, and confined
his attention to the detached elements such as the 5th Battle
squadron, Battle cruiser, and Cruiser squadrons. But his Light
cruisers and Destroyers made one or two bids to attack the
Battle line, but were driven off by gunfire, and though they
must have been within 9,000 yards I saw no track of a torpedo,
though a special lookout was kept for it. I directed both
A turret and 4-in. guns to fire on the German torpedo craft when
they were seen turning towards us ; the Officer of the turret
claims a hit on one of them, as his shell burst on her and she was
not seen again.

12. At about 7.17 G.M.T. the " Bellerophon " was firing at
a Battle cruiser leading a division at a range of 11,000 yards and
certainly straddled her more than once.

13. Between 7.0 and 7.40 several small turns were made and
the Preparative was used to evade the attacks of Torpedo craft.
At 7.40 the Battle fine reformed on the " Iron Duke," course S.W.
and at 8.0 divisions turned separately to West in succession, thus
cutting in between the enemy and his base, but he was still
going away to the Northward and was soon out of sight, and the
action was discontinued.

14. I am perfectly satisfied with the conduct of everyone
on board the Ship I have honour to command, everything
worked smoothly and well in all departments. During the
afternoon the ship steamed as she had never done before, and
had a little in hand for keeping station. During the action there
were no accidents and the only delay was caused by a box of
faulty tubes which was soon discarded.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant.

E. F. BRUEN,
To the Vice-Admiral Commanding Captain.

4th Battle Squadron.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 363

CAPTAIN'S REPORT.— H.M.S. " TEMERAIRE."

No. 84/3.

H.M.S. '• Temeraire,"
Sir, 2ndJune )916.

.1 HAVE the lionour to make the following report on the
Action of 31st May and 1st June 1916, in accordance with
General Signal No. 1835 of 1st June 1916.

The actual time of the commencement of the action was
not noted, but the first thing seen from " Temeraire " was the
flash from the guns of our Battle Cruisers on the starboard
bow. About the same time the Armoured Cruisers, Light
Cruisers, and Destroj'^ers were seen steaming in from their
positions ahead of the Battle Fleet, to take up their Battle
Stations.

There was considerable mist, which reduced the visibiUty
to about 12,000, and nothing could be seen of the enemy, except
the flash of his guns.

As the Armoured Cruisers approached the Battle Fleet, they
were seen to be under a heavy fire, evidently from guns in the
nature of 12-in., they were repljdng rapidly. They were
probably about 1| mile nearer the enemy than the Battle Fleet,
and so able to see him. Only one Armoured Cruiser was
observed to be badly hit, and she received a heavy shell about
abreast of the after turret, wliich sent up a huge flash and much
smoke ; shortly afterwards she was still more heavily hit,
probably by several guns of a salvo, and she disappeared in
the smoke. What became of her was not seen, as the smoke
took some time to clear, by which time no one was looking her
way. It was reported that between the first hit and the second
she fired a salvo.

The Battle Fleet deployed to S.E. by E. at 6.20 p.m., the
enemy still being invisible, except for flashes.

The Battle-Cruiser Fleet came up from the quarter, and
passed between the Battle Fleet and the enemy. They were
about 2 miles nearer the enemy and heavily engaged. It could
be seen that the " Lion " had been hit, as smoke was coming
from a hole in her side a Httle before " A " turret, but no hits
were seen to take place as they passed, although the fall of shot
seemed very close.

After the Battle-Cruisers had passed, an enemy cruiser,
probably the " Roon," was observed in a disabled condition.
The " Iron Duke " opened fire at her, followed by other ships
and " Temeraire " opened fire at 6.34 p.m. Director was used,
and firing was slow on account of the number of ships firing. The
first salvo was over, the second short, and the third was seen to
hit with at least two rounds, and probably three, this salvo
being fired at 8,000 yards. The enemy as now obscured by
smoke and splashes from the other ships firing, and, as it was
considered certain that she was out of action, fire was checked

364 hATJ'I.E OK JUTLAND :

ill order to save waste of ammunition. She aj^peared again
a minute or two later in a less damaged condition than had
been expected, and two more salvos were fired at her.

About 7.15 p.m. the enemy's Battle-Cruisers were sighted,
the leading sliip l)eing only just clear of the bows of the
" Colossus." " Temeraire " opened fire shortly after sighting
them with a range of about 12,500, and seven salvos were fired.
It is thought that they were all spotted and distinguished from
those of other sliips, but whether any hits were obtained cannot
be said. The enemy was handled in a way which made fire-
control difficult. She was showing the whole of her port side
when fire was opened, then turned away until stern on,
continuing to come round to starboard, and disappeared in
the mist. She was observed to be heavily liit on several
occasions.

Shortly after ceasing fire on the Battle-Cruiser, a flotilla of
enemy's destroj'^ers was sighted, a Uttle before the starboard
beam. They were maldng a large amount of smoke, probably
to screen their Battle-Cruisers. The 4-in. guns were manned
and opened fire, and, as the position of the enemy seemed so
favourable for an attack, the main armament was also put on
to them. Three boats were seen, just to the left of the smoke
screen, steering in different directions, and a salvo was fired
just as they all came in a bmich. It was spotted as going very
close to them, and perhaps among them, but it is not known
whether any hits were made. Two more salvoes were fired
at places where the boats seemed thickest, and then fire with
the main armament was checked, as the enemy appeared to
sheer off and it was desired to avoid waste of ammunition.
The range used was about 9,000.

The 4-in. fired 40 romids. The control and gunlaying v.ere
hindered bj'^the smoke from the 12-in. and the difficulty in getting
the gunlayers on to a definite target. It appears, however, that
tlie gunlayers were rather over-careful about their exact target,
and sometimes held their fire when it would have been
permissible to fire into the " brown."

During the night there was very heavy firing for a short
time, from what appeared to be our Light Cruisers and Destroyers
driving off an attack on the rear of the Fleet. One enemy craft
appeared to have got fairly close up, but she was receiving a
very heavy fire and being constantly hit, until she disappeared
or sank. Notliing could be made out as to what she was, and
all that could be seen were the bursts of the shells hitting her
and that she was heavily on fire.

Heavy firing was heard again at early dawn, sounding like
big guns.

Soon after dayhght, a Zeppehn was sighted on the port
quarter, abaft the bearing of " A " turret. The Director Layer
was able to get his sight to come on with a range of 10,000 set.
One Director salvo was fired the port side, and then the Fleet

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 305

turned and brought the starboard side to bear, roughly on the
beam. Two more salvos were fired on this side. It was
unfortunate that as the guns were loaded wdth lyddite they
had to be fired before loading with shrapnel.

The " Temeraire " was not hit, but a few shots fell close,
notably one passed close to the main mast and one hit the water
about 500 yards short on starboard bow, passing over the
forecastle.

All arrangements for action in " Temeraire " worked satis-
factorily ; the behaviour of the ship's company was all that could
be desired, they were cheerful and eager for the fight.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

EDWIN V. UNDERHILL,
The Vice- Admiral Commanding, Captain.

Fourth Battle Squadron.

ACTION ON 31ST MAY 1916. H.M.S. "SUPERB."

No. 104.

H.M.S. " Superb,"

Fourth Battle Squadron,
Sib, 3rd June 1916.

In compUance Avith your orders, I have the honour to
forward the following report of the action of the 31st May 1916,
All times are G.M.T.

2. Gun firing was first heard about 5.30 p.m., apparently
on starboard bow in a direction about South. Course and speed
of the fleet then was S.E. by S., 19 knots. Later (about 5.50 p.m.)
firing was seen about S.S.W. (flashes only), which eventually
turned out to be our Battle Cruiser Fleet with Light Cruisers
engaged with an unseen enemy to the Southward and to
Starboard of our course.

6.05. Course, South.

6.08. Course, S.E. Our Armoured Cruisers, Light Cruisers,
with some destroyers were observed about this time
heavily engaged and apparently falling back on the
Battle Fleet. As we were deploying, they seemed to
turn to port.

6.12, Deployed by Equal Speed Pt. to S.E, by E. and sighted
Ships to Southward indistinctly — probably enemy;
too misty and indistinct to open fire. About this
time a few projectiles were dropping in our vicinity
but none very close. One appeared to pass between

.ififi BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

" Iron Duke " and " Royal Oak " at 6.14, about' SOO
over, and burst on striking water, emitting a pale
grey smoke.
Our Battle Cruisers on deployment seemed to be between
us and the enemj' and steaming at high speed on a
course a few points to port of that of the fleet.
" Lion " was observed to have a small fire nearly
abreast her fore turret on the Port side, some white
smoke appeared to be coming through her forecastle
deck. They eventually passed ahead of us and
disappeared in the mist. " Lion " was seen to be
straddled once or twice. Two of our Armoured
Cruisers appeared now to be continually straddled
and struck by heavy projectiles. One salvo was
seen by certain Officers to strike one of them (four
funnels), and immediately afterwards she blew up
with a heavy explosion and red flames. Another
Officer also states that about this time he saw another
vessel (three funnels) blow up.

6.26. " Iron Duke " opened fire, followed by " Royal Oak "
and a three-funnelled enemy ship, " Kolberg " class,
was observed steaming an opposite course.

6.26-50. " Superb " opened fire, green 80, range about
10,400 yards. First two salvoes out for deflection
(enemy apparently stopped or reduced to slow speed,
not at first reahsed). Third and fourth salvoes
straddled and hit. Ship seen flaming fiercely amid-
ships and aft. She disappeared in a dense cloud of
white smoke. The Commander (G) and other Officers
thought she sank, but I find she was seen later by
ships astern of us. About this time the Navigating
Officer states he saw another large German ship, but
not for long. Two of our T.B.Ds. were also seen on
fire, one at fore end, and one at after end, both heading
on opposite course to fleet nearly.

7. 0. Passed wreck of "Invincible"; it was not known at
the time what ship it was. A T.B.D. was standing
by her with a boat down.

About 7.20. Observed certain enemy ships in line with some
destroyers ahead, a large ship resembling the " Derf-
flingcr " was clearly seen, but opinions differ as to
how many were seen astern of her, some saj'^ two,
some say three, of which one is described as resembhng
the " Helgoland " class. Personally I thinli they
were Battle Cmisers. " Superb " opened fire on the
supposed " Derffflnger " at 7.20, steaming apparently
nearly parallel to us. We could not get a range, so
opened fire at 11,000 yards without Deflection correct,

Enemy not observed but probably
steaming this course

P.R

--^I^L.C.S.

Tiger

PA.

^fcw>? est rat /a

'^^'PL.C.S.

Destroys

ff/i.

Barhgm

kWarspit

k Ma /ays

kl^a//aot

British Ships, -^i^

Enemy. —•—•—•—«• — . — .—«—..«

Dotted lines sheiv subsequent mo\^ements.

IO072.2^266lPI

MalbyiSrins.Lith.

J'l^te 28.

^^*^^^ Enemy not observed but probably

^^-^.^^ steaming this course

• — — . ^__^£/7e/7y Cruiser

' -^ . (Our object)

PropB'il?-'=^-----

of BC.f.JKPsriSt^^''''"

%noy,l,st J,

f.A-
Destroyers ^s^^R

RAICS ■' Warrior ,.->■

%Comus "'-

t Calliope

^~^^^.C.S

^'"^N

"^^^

Co/77^'~

"^ -^ /

■^^^L CS

.('/b

Barham

„#6»^

kWarspite

k Malaya
kl^a/iant

Destroyer

I. *a

\,o

k""" k

mSuperh U

L i

«« i,

Bni'tish Ships -^

Enemy . — •^— •— •-^• — - ^— . — -—•-

Dotted hnes shetv subsequent movements.

? 2^26ejpii73 15^ i

MAlt>vA.53ns L.th

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 367

but first salvo short. She was hit with the third and
fourth salvoes, and then turned away heavily on
fire aft. Some Officers say the destroyers ahead turned
and made a smoke screen to hide these ships. I
cannot personally confirm this, but they passed out
of sight. " Superb " fired by director, which in such
misty weather was invaluable. Control Officer had
no difficulty in getting director on correct object, and
, no difficulty was found in distinguishing our own
salvoes Chief difficulty throughout action was making
certain between friend and foe.

7.23 and 7.26. Two turns of two Pts. to Port by Preparative.
These turns are assumed to have been due to an
abortive destroyer attack by the enemy which never
developed, partly to excellent 6-in. firing from " Royal
Oak " (perhaps also " Iron Duke ") and to the approach
of our Light Cruisers and destroyers to engage them.

7.36. Course, S. by W. Formed single line.

7.43. Course, S.W.

Course and speed was subsequently altered at 8.3,.
8.25, and 8.29 to West, 17 knots, W.S.W. and S.S.W.
respectively.

9. 5. Course south for the night and about this time destroyers
took station astern.

10.13. Much firing on Starboard Quarter, apparently a destroyer
action; direct flashes seen and some large red fire-
balls or something of that sort.
About this time a vessel on port hand passed showing
bright white lights at irregular intervals.

11.30 and 11.43. Firing observed right astern, but no direct
flashes seen, only the glare of gun flashes.

1st June.

0.25. Ditto on port quarter.

2.45. Turned to West and shortly aftei-wards to North.

3.35. Heard heavy gun firing about W.S.W.

3.50. Sighted a Zeppehn S.E. Several Officers seem to think
she was signaUing with a searchlight, and the Lieu-
tenant (T) observed trailing from her what he took
to be a traihng Earth for her W/T.

Nothing more of the enemy was seen after this.

Throughout the whole action it was misty and very difficult
to see objects distinctly.

I attach a rough sketch of the wreck of the " Invincible "
taken at the time by Lieutenant Curry (T) from several points

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 367

7.23 and 7.26. Two turns of two Pts. to Port by Preparative.
These turns are assumed to have been due to an
abortive destroj^er attack by the enemy which never
developed, partly to excellent 6-in. firing from " Royal
Oak " (perhaps also " Iron Duke ") and to the approach
of our Light Cruisers and destroyers to engage them.

7.36. Course, S. by W. Formed single line.

7.43. Course, S.W.

Course and speed was subsequently altered at 8.3^
8.25, and 8.29 to West, 17 knots, W.S.W. and S.S.W.
respectively.

9. 5. Course south for the night and about this time destroyers
took station astern.

11.30 and 11.43. Firing observed right astern, but no direct
flashes seen, only the glare of gun flashes.

1st June.

0.25. Ditto on port quarter.

2.45. Turned to West and shortly after-wards to North.

3.35. Heard heavy gun firing about W.S.W.

3.50. Sighted a Zeppelin S.E. Several Officers seem to think
she was signalhng with a searchlight, and the Lieu-
tenant (T) observed traihng from her what he took
to be a trafling Earth for her W/T.

Nothing more of the enemy was seen after this.

Throughout the whole action it was misty and very difficult
to see objects distinctly.

I attach a rough sketch of the wreck of the " Invincible '^
taken at the time Ijy Lieutenant Curry (T) from several points

368 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

of view. Also a rough i)lani ^f ^\^q movements of ships befoie
deployment, as they appeared to .Sub-Lieutenant Paul in the
fore-top.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,
Your Obedient Servant,

E. HYDE PARKER,
The Vice-Admiral Commanding Captain.

Fourth Battle Squadron,
H.M.S. " Benbow."

CAPTAIN'S REPORT.— H.M.S. "BLANCHE."

H.M.S.- " Blanche,"
Sir, 2nd June 1910.

In accordance with your signal 1825 of 1st June 19 IG,
I have the honour to-forw^ard hercAvith the following report
on the action of the 31st May 1916.

The presence of the enemy was first indicated by a wireless
message from H.M.S. " Galatea," stating that two cruisers,
probably hostile, were in sight l^earing E.S.E. " Galatea's "
position at that time, i.e., 2.25 p.m., being 56.48 N., 5.21 E.
A signal was then made by " Iron Duke " — " Raise steam for
full speed." The vessels reported Ijy " Galatea " eventually
proved to be enemy T.B.Ds. and were chased by her. At 3.4 p.m.
course of Battle Fleet was altered to S.E. by S. (position
57.52 N., 4.17 E.).

At 3.22 p.m. speed was increased to 19 knots. At 3.26 p.m.
H.M.S. " Nottingham " reported sighting smoke of five columns
bearing E.N.E. Her position then was 56.46 N., 5.15 E. At
3.52 S.O.B.C.F. reported coul'se of enemy S. 55 E. His
position then was 56.53 N., 5.36 E. At 4.0 p.m. speed was
increased to 20 knots. S.O.B.C.F. reported " Am engaging
enemy " (position 56.53 N., 5.34 E.).

At 4.20 p.m. S.O. 3rd B.C.S., who was in position 57.32 N.,
5.44 E., was ordered to reinforce Battle Cruiser Fleet. At
5.0 p.m. information was received that enemys Battle Fleet
was coming north. At 5.7. ]5.m. a signal was made to take up
the position for approach.

5.47 p.m. enemy's Battle Fleet reported as having altered
course to N.N.W.

6.9 p.m. Our Battle Fleet altered course by 9 pendant to
S.E. (position 57. 09 N., 5.40 E.).

6.15. Altered course by equal speed pendant to S.E. by E.
and reduced to 14 knots. Observed violent explosion on board
a vessel bearing about S.W. " Blanche " took up position for
repeating signals, 12 cables from " Canada."

1 PlatP 28.

OKFICf Ar< U KSi'ATCUKS.

^iCU

370 BATTLE OF JUTLAND:

G.20. A second explosion was observed on l)oard another
vessel in the same vicinity.

6.25. Our Battle Fleet opened tire. 0.40. Our Battle Fleet
ceased fire, except at rear of line.

6.50. Observed " Acasta " with signal flying " Am in danger
of sinking through damage received by gun-fire."

6.56. Altered course to S. by 9 pendant,

7.0. Passed sunken ship, apparently a Light Cruiser. The
stem and stern were showing out of water and a T.B.D. was
standing by her.

7.12. Battle Fleet opened fire. 7.20. Battle Fleet ceased
fire. Light Cruisers and T.B.Ds. engaged enemy's Torpedo
craft in the van,

7.24. Altered course to 8.8. E.

7.32. Destroyers were recalled.

7.35. x\ltered course to 8. by W.

7.40. Altered course to 8. W. by 8.

7.48. Altered course to 8.W.

8.3. Altered course to W.

8.28. Altered course to 8.W.

9.3. Altered course to 8. " Blanche " closed to 6 cables
from " Canada." This course was maintained till 3.15 a.m.
1st June.

The " Blanche " at first took up her position approximately
12 cables on port beam of " Canada." At about 7.0 p.m. it
became difficult to distinguish signals, owing to smoke interference,
and " Blanche " closed on " Iron Duke," dropping back after
the action was finished.

Owing to the misty weather and smoke interference, also
the fact that " Blanche " was 12 cables further away from the
enemy, and affords a very poor observation platform owing
to low freeboard, it was very difficult to distinguish the enemy,
and only on one occasion could the funnels and masts of the
enemy be seen.

The general impression was that the enemy was engaging
the rear end of our hne, and very few shell splashes were observed
near ships in our vicinity.

It is not known whether " Marlborough " was torpedoed
by submarine or not, bnit the almost entire absence of enemy
submarines and mines during the action leads one to believe
that the enemy were either unaware of the presence of our Battle
Fleet or, owing to the inferior force at first opposed to them
(consisting of the B.C.F. and 5th B.S.), were led to abandon
their well-known intention of leading our fleet to a sjjot where
both of these were in readiness.

That some action was expected is shown by the large number
of submarines reported off our east coast immediately before
and after the action. The apparent futility of the enemy's
T.B.Ds. as far as could be seen from the " Blanche "" would
lead one to beheve that our cruisers, Light Cruisers, T.B.D.s

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 37 1

had the upj)er hand. Their failure to attack the Battle Fleet
during the night is unaccountable, unless it is assumed that
they did not reahse the position of our Battle Fleet.

Having got between the enemy and his base it was only
the atmospheric conditions and the absence of air-craft on our
side which prevented the enemy Battle Fleet being located on
the morning of the 1st June, and possibly brought to a decisive
engagement. The presence of the enemy Zeppehn may have
assisted them in their escape.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
The Vice-Admiral Commanding, J. M. CASEMENT,

Fourth Battle Squadron, Captain.

H.M.S. " Benbow."

The Vice-Admiral Commanding, 2nd Battle Squadron.
(Through Rear- Admiral.)

3rd June 1916. 25

Report on Action of 31st May 1916.

V.A.'s Signal No. 1815 of 2nd June 1916.

The attached report on the Action of 31st May 1910 is
submitted in accordance wdth the above-quoted signal.

0. BACKHOUSE.

CAPTAINS REPORT.— H.M.S. " ORION."

P.M. H.M.S. " Orion."

6.15. Deployed S.E. by E.

Trained on an enemy cruiser apparently of Kolberg
class already on fire aft and stopped, steam escaping
from funnels. Foremast shot away.
Range from foretop rangefinder, 12,400.
Did not open fire as blanked by a ship of the 1st Cruiser
Squadi-on. Fire opened by other ships of the 2nd Division.
About this time one of the 1st Cruiser Squadron on
starboard quarter blew up and totally disapjjeared.
6.20. Observed one of the Battle Cruisers heavily engaged
before starboard beam. Ricochets falling near ship.

6.32. Sighted shi]) of Kaiser class bearing 105° green on slightly

diverging course, range by rangefinder, 11,100 yards.

6.33. Opened fire by director. Fired four salvoes. First two

short. Third over and fourth hit with 13,300 on sights.
Large flames observed near enemy's after turrets when
fourth salvo fell. Immediately after this, enemy lost
sight of in spray and mist resulting from a short salvo
from another ship.
6.37. Ceased fire, enemy out of sight.

A a 2

372 BATTLE OF JUTLAND !

7.00. Passed wicck of what appeared lo be British battle
cruiser, 3,000 on starboard side. Bow and (Stern sliowing
above water.

7.0!). Sighted ship, apparently battle cruiser of DerfHnger
class bearing (50° green, accompanied by a large numl)er
of destroyers approaching and then turning on approxi-
mately parallel course.

7.15. Opened fire by director on her. Range, 19,800. Fired
six salvoes of which the last two were seen to straddle.
Other ships of the 2nd Division also firing at same
enemy.
Enemy turned away about the fourth salvo.

7.20. Ceased fire, enemy drawing out of range, and becoming

indistinct.

7.21. (Sighted enemy battleshij) (Markgraf or Kaiser class)

coming out of smoke bearing green 98° on approxi-
mately parallel course, ajiparently the leading ship
of a column, as others could be seen astern of her.
Range by Foretop rangefinder, 14,800, but before
director could be steadied on target ship, ship turned
4 points to port to follow 1st Division in avoiding a
destroyer attack.

Enemy then lost sight of in the smoke from enemy
destroj^ers advancing from head of column.

Fire not opened on enemy destroyers as own light cruisers
and destroyers advanced and blanked the range.

No further enemy ships seen after this time.

Firing was by director throughout, and the control was
carried out from aloft.

Director was invaluable.

There was no interference with spotting by the fire of other
ships.

Number of rounds tired — 51 A. P. Lyddite; accidents and
delays — nil.

As the ship did not come under fire there are no other points
calling for special mention.

Tracing is attached showing track of shij) and of enemy's
ships observed with times of events.^

0. BACKHOUSE.

1 See note, page 381 ^ Plate 29.

Plate 20.

\600

pUilc v->

H. M.S. ORION.

IV1AY3IST l9l6.6.P.MrlOP.M.
Showing Track and

aanind and Distance of Enemy Ships

Scale 'A Inch to I Mile

'%'<xnii

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 373

NOTES TAKEN IN H.M.S. "MONARCH" DURING
THE ACTION OFF JUTLAND, 31st MAY 1916.

1758, Light Cruisers opened fire, bearing ahead, course S.E. by S.
1802. Altered course South. Sighted Battle Cruiser Force in
action on Starboard Bow. 4-funnelled cruiser in action
ahead (" Defence ").
1806. Altered course S.E. Battle Cruiser Force commenced
to cross between Battle Fleet and enemy. Ouisers
heavily engaged.

1815. Battle Fleet deployed to form Une of battle S.E. by E.
Battle Cruiser Force blanking us from enemy. Two
4-funnelled cruisers (" Defence" and "Warrior") retiring
towards rear end of our Battle Fleet. " Defence "
disappeared in cloud of steam. " Warrior " obscured
by splashes, but appeared to emerge safely.

1822. Formed astern of 1st Division, course S.E. by E.

1830. OiDened fire on enemy light cruiser (" Kolberg " class)
apparently stopped, heading about N.N.W., bearing
75° Green. Fired three salvoes, range 10,400. 1st
missed right, 2nd just missed right, 3rd straddled.

1833. Sighted five battleships about 95 Green, 3 " Konigs "
and 2 " Kaisers," 12,000 yards. Opened fire on
leading " Konig " (2 salvoes). 1st over and right.
2nd appeared to straddle Quarter Deck. Shifted to
ship of " Kaiser " class, 1 salvo, result not seen.
Battleships disajjpeared. Ceased fire.

1845. Altered course S.E.

1853. Altered course South.

1905. Altered course S.W. by S. to form ahead of " Iron Duke."

1908. Altered course South.

1914. Opened fire at Battle Cruiser (probably " Liitzow ")
escorted by Destroyers, bearing 76° Green. Fired five
salvoes. 1st Short. Up. 2nd over, down * * *■'. 3rd
short, up. 4th and 5th straddled, but hits could not
be seen for certain owing to smoke. Ship lost to sight
in spray and smoke. She commenced zig-zagging after
3rd salvo. Range 17,300 to 18,450.

1916. Ship observed heavily on fire, bearing 95 Green.

1919. Observed Battle Cruiser of " Derfflinger " class bearing
110 Green. Also " SeydUtz," " Moltke " and " Von der
Tann " behind and astern of her. They were very
much scattered and appeared to have no formation.
Trained on to " Derfflinger," but she disappeared
behind smoke screen before " Monarch " could open
fire.

1922. Altered course S.E. 4th Battle Squadron firing at
enemy destroyers about 95 green. 4th Light Cruiser
Squadron attacked and drove off enemy destroyers.

1 See note, p. 381.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 373

NOTES TAKEN IN H.M.S. "MONARCH" DURING
THE ACTION OFF JUTLAND, 31st MAY 1916.

1758. Light Cruisers opened fire, bearing ahead, course S.E. by 8.
1802. Altered course South. Sighted Battle Cruiser Force in
action on Starboard Bow. 4-funnelled cruiser in action
ahead (" Defence ").
1806. Altered course S.E. Battle Cruiser Force commenced
to cross between Battle Fleet and enemy. Cruisers
heavily engaged.

1815. Battle Fleet deployed to form line of battle S.E. by E.
Battle Cruiser Force blanking us from enemy. Two
4-funnelled cruisers (" Defence " and " Warrior ") retiring
towards rear end of our Battle Fleet. " Defence "
disappeared in cloud of steam. " Warrior " obscured
by splashes, but appeared to emerge safely.

1822. Formed astern of 1st Division, course S.E. by E.

1830. Opened fire on enemy light cruiser (" Kolberg " class)
apparently stopped, heading about N.N.W., bearing
75° Green. Fired three salvoes, range 10,400. 1st
missed right, 2nd just missed right, 3rd straddled.

1845. Altered course S.E.

1853. Altered course South.

1905. Altered course S.W. by S. to form ahead of " Iron Duke."

1908. Altered course South.

1914. Opened fire at Battle Cruiser (probably " LUtzow ")
escorted by Destroyers, bearing 76° Green. Fired five
salvoes. 1st Short. Up. 2nd over, down * * *■'. 3rd
short, up. 4th and 5th straddled, but hits could not
be seen for certain owing to smoke. Ship lost to sight
in spray and smoke. She commenced zig-zagging after
3rd salvo. Range 17,300 to 18,450.

1916. Ship observed heavily on fire, bearing 95 Green.

1919. Observed Battle Cruiser of " Derffiinger " class bearing
110 Green. Also " Seydlitz," " Moltke " and " Von der
Tann " behind and astern of her. They were very
much scattered and appeared to have no formation.
Trained on to " Derfflinger," but she disappeared
behind smoke screen before " Monarch " could open
fire.

1922. Altered course S.E. 4th Battle Squadron firing at
enemy destroyers about 95 green. 4th Light Cruiser
Squadron attacked and drove off enemy destroyers.

1 See note, p. .381.

374 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

1927. Altered course South.

10:i"). Altered course S.W.

li)42. Altered course SAV. by W. ^ W.

200(>. Altered course West.

2022. Altered course W.S.W.

2O20. Altered course West,

2028. Altered course S.W.

2030. Heavy firing ahead.

2040. " Calliope " hit. Could only see flashes of German

guns.
2102. Altered course South.

Throughout the action and during the night " Monarch "
kept station on " Orion " and did not act independently at
any time.

The following incidents occurred during the night of
31st May— 1st June :—

About 2130, a German star shell was fired on our starboard
beam.

About 2200, a Division of German battleships was in action
with one of our destroyer flotillas on our starboard quarter,

A little later, another destroyer attack took place astern
of us.

About 0330 a Zeppelin was sighted on our starboard beam
when we were steering North. Trained turrets on to her, but
did not fire as she was outside the range.

Steamed through a good deal of wreckage during the morning
of 1st June and noticed one of the " Fortune's " lifebuoys.

CAPTAIN'S REPORT— H.M.S. " THUNDERER."
From— The Commanding Officer H.M.S. " Thunderer."
To — The Vice-Admiral Commanding Second Battle Squadron.
Date— 3rd June 1916. No. 149.
Subject — Action of 31st May.

This account is almost entirely compiled from notes taken in
the foretop by Commander St. Aubyn E. Wake; the view from
conning tower and bridge was very limited hj smoke and haze.

For the above reason I had to trust entirely to statements
from aloft as to target, being able to distinguish nothing clearly
myself.

P.M.

5.30. Heavy firing ahead.

5.52. Sighted our armoured cruisers, 1st or 2nd C.S., heavily

engaged.
6.00. Deployed to port. Cruisers above mentioned under heavy

fire, being straddled frequently. They were seen

severely to damage a German cruiser, setting her on

fire aft.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 375

P.M.

0.17. This was thought to be either "Adalbert" or "Karl

Friedrich."

Enemy shooting at our battle cruisers appeared to

be very good and rapid, many hits being observed.

Could only see flashes of enemy's guns.

6.25. " Iron Duke " opened fire on damaged cruiser, followed

at 6.28 p.m. by " Thunderer," then by " Conqueror "

and others. Range about 11,800 yards, rate 0.

This was possiblj'^ the cruiser above mentioned.

Spotting difficult owing to the number of ships concentrating.
1 * * * * *

Four enemy ships now hove in sight, " Kaiser " class and
battle cruisers. Guns were layed on one of these, but we were
masked by " Conqueror " before we could fire. The Aveather
had cleared considerably at this time and ranges of 22,000 yards-
18,000 yards v/ere obtained in the foretop.

On dropping clear of " Conqueror " we were masked by
" Iron Duke." This target was, therefore, not fired at by
" Thunderer " at all.

Two " Kaiser " (apparently) class were now observed over
lapping each other, showing between " Iron Duke " and " Royal
Oak." As there was a good gap between the two latter, I
ordered fire to be opened through the interval.

The first salvo fell over owing to the range of the last object
being used in error. This was at once corrected and the range
from the foretop rangefinder (13,000 yards) put on.

The second salvo straddled in line with her foremast. Two
or three large bursts with black smoke were observed, the shell
used being powder filled common.

A third salvo was fired with no correction and a similar
result obtained. This enemy was blazing for the whole length
of her quarter deck.

" Iron Duke " was hitting this enemy, as was probably
" Royal Oak."

A. P. Shell was now ordered, but before we could fire had to
check fire owing to " Iron Duke " again masking us. By the
time we had cleared, enemy had disappeared in the smoke. She
was firing rapidly by salvoes at first, but shortly came down to
slowish fire from one turret.

No further object presented itself, though rear of fine was
firing for some time after this.

Remarks.

(1) Just before opening fire there was a Yevy large explosion
on our starboard quarter, apparently beyond 5th Battle Squadron ;
a column of water and debris was thrown up.

(2) No shots fell nearer to " Thunderer " than 400 yards
(short). One was observed to fall over " Conqueror." Several
salvoes and single shots fell short of " Iron Duke."

^ See note, page 381.

37() BATTLE 01' JUTLAND :

(3) Objects came into view and disap])earcd again in about
3 minutes. A quick R.F. reading, used immediately, was the
only practicable method.

Most of the ranges taken were about 11,000 yards, })ut for a

short period ranges 22,000 to 18,000 Avere obtained in the foretop.
^4) 1 * * * * *

(5) Firing was by Director throughout.

(6) No delays or mishaps occurred.

(7) Pas.sed 2 British T.B.D.s on fire, one flying 6 flag.
6.59 p.m., passed also a cruiser broken in two, bow and stern
showing above Avater. This was thought to be a light cruiser,
but nationality was not distinguished. " Badger " standing
by her.

(8) Battlefleet ceased firing about 8.30 p.m.

Shortly afterwards observed 3 of our light cruisers on our
starboard bow. They were under a heavy fire, one with two
funnels being hit 6 or 8 times in a few minutes. Enemy flashes
were seen.

(9) 9.15 p.m., heavy firing on starboard quarter.

(10) About 10.30 p.m. an enemy cruiser challenged three
times, switching on and off 4 red lights horizontal above 4 green
horizontal.

Fire was not opened as it was considered inadvisable to show
up battlefleet unless obvious attack was intended. Our destroyers
shortly after attacked this cruiser and a hot engagement followed.
She was seen to be hit many times. She eventually turned to
port.

(11) Desultory firing was heard through the dark hours at
intervals.

(12) About 3.0 a.m., 1st June, heavy firing to westward.
Shortly after this a Zeppehn hove in sight. " Thunderer "

fired a salvo of common at it — range about 12,000 yards.

(13) 9.15 a.m.-10.15 a.m., passed wreckage, bodies, etc.,
among other things a short gig with brass sailing horse — a cask
painted stone colour with red, white and black bands. Bodies
had cork lifebelts in some cases and Kapok waistcoats in others.

Copy of signals^ during action and track^ of "Thunderer"
attached. A comj)arison of these may be interesting.

J. A. FERGUSSON,

Captain.

H.M.S. "CONQUEROR."

H.M.S. " Conqueror,"
Submitted, 23rd March 1919.

With reference to Admiralty Letter M. 0962/19 of the
8.th March 1919, the following is the report made by the
Commanding Officer, at that time Captain Tothill, as to the part
taken by H.M.S. " Conqueror " in the Battle of Jutland. j^.,

^ See, note, page 381- - Not fonvarded to Admiralty. ^ Plate 30.

57.12

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 377

" The enemy was first observed at 6.25 p.m. and at 6.31 p.m..
" fire was opened on one of the ' Markgraf ' class — rough range,
" 12,000 yards. This ship quickly disappeared in the haze, and
" fire was shifted to a three-funnelled cruiser (probal)ly the late
" ' Maravev-Amurski,') — rough range, 10,000 yards — shortly
" afterwards this ship dropped astern and passed out of sight.

" No other ship presented a visible target until after 7.0 p.m.,
" but at 7.12 p.m. a destroyer attack developed from the
" starboard beam. Fire was therefore opened on these
" destro3^ers — rough range, 10,000 yards — and they turned
" away, obscuring themselves behind a smoke-screen.

"At 7.25 p.m. another torpedo attack was observed to
" develop from the starboard quarter, and fire was opened on
" these destroyers — rough range, 11,000 yards. These destroyers
" also turned away, making use of a smoke-screen, but shortly
" afterwards one was observed to be floating bottom up.

J. R. SEGRAVE,
The Vice- Admiral Commanding, Captain."

2nd Battle Squadron,

H.M.S. " King George V."

From — The Commanding Officer H.M.S. " Ajax."
Date.— 2nd June, 1916. No. CR. 118/11.
To — The Vice-Admiral Commanding 2nd Battle Squadron.
Former— Y.A. 2nd B.S. Signal (1815) of 2.6.16.

REMARKS ON ACTION OF 31st MAY, 1916.
H.M.S. "AJAX."

With reference to your signal (1815) of to-day, Frida}^, I have
practically nothing to report. Until shortly after 7.0 p.m. the
enemy were not seen, due to smoke and funnel gas of ships
proceeding to the head of the line.

2. Shortly after 7.0 p.m. a clearer view was obtained, and
one salvo was fired at an enemy battle-cruiser at 19,000 vards.
This fell short.

3. The 4th light Cruiser Squadron then crossed the line of
sight proceeding to attack, and again obscured the view, so I
ordered cease firing.

4. After that nothing was seen but patches of dense smoke
at too far a distance for any hope of effective fire.

5. It appeared to me that each enemy ship was accompanied
by a Destroyer which emitted dense volumes of smoke with the
idea of obscuring the target.

GEO. H. BAIRD,

Captain.

6.
sY
bi
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8.th
Cor
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OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 377

" The enemy was first observed at 6.25 p.m. and at 6.31 p.m.,.
" fire was opened on one of the ' Markgraf ' class — rough range,
" 12,000 3'^ards. This ship quickly disappeared in the haze, and
" fire was shifted to a three-funnelled cruiser (prol)al)ly the late
" 'Maravev-Amurski,') — rough range, 10,000 yards — shortly
" afterwards this ship dro])ped astern and passed out of sight.

" No other ship presented a visible target until after 7.0 p.m.,
" but at 7.12 p.m. a destroyer attack developed from the
" starboard beam. Fire was therefore opened on these
" destroyers — rough range, 10,000 yards — and they turned
" away, obscuring themselves behind a smoke-screen.

" At 7.25 p.m. another torpedo attack was observed to
" develop from the starboard quarter, and fire was opened on
" these destroyers— rough range, 11,000 yards. These destroyers
" also turned away, making use of a smoke-screen, but shortly
" afterwards one was observed to be floating bottom up.

J. R. SEGRAVE,

The Vice- Admiral Commanding, Captain."

2nd Battle Squadron,

H.M.S. " King George V."

i^rom— The Commanding Officer H.M.S. " Ajax."
Date— 2nd June, 1916. No. CR. 118/11.
To — The Vice-Admiral Commanding 2nd Battle Squadron.
Former— V.A. 2nd B.S. Signal (1815) of 2.6.16.

REMARKS ON ACTION OF 31st MAY, 1916.
H.M.S. "AJAX."

With reference to your signal (1815) of to-day, Frida}^, I have
])ractically nothing to report. Until shortly after 7.0 p.m. the
enemy were not seen, due to smoke and funnel gas of ships
proceeding to the head of the fine.

2. Shortly after 7.0 p.m. a clearer view was obtained, and
one salvo was fired at an enemy battle-cruiser at 19,000 vards.
This feU short.

3. The 4th Light Cruiser Squadron then crossed the line of
sight proceeding to attack, and again obscured the view, so I
ordered cease firing.

4. After that nothing was seen but patches of dense smoke
at too far a distance for any hope of effective fire.

5. It appeared to me that each enemy ship was accompanied
by a Destroyer which emitted dense volumes of smoke with the
idea of obscuring the target.

GEO. H. BAIRD,

Captain.

378 BATTLE OF JUTLAND

FURTHER REPORT FROM CAPTAIN, H.M.8. " BLANCHE."

H.M. Gunnery School,

R.N. Barracks, Devonport,
Sir, 26th April 1910.

In accordance with Admiralty Letter M. 0962/19, I have
the honour to forward a report of the proceedings of H.M.S.
" Blanche " during the Battle of Jutland. 1916.

2. H.M.S. "Blanche" left Scapa Flow in company with
Battle Fleet at 10.10 p.m. on Tuesday, 30th May, taking station
astern of 3rd Sub.

3. When Pentland Skerries bore S. 56 W. 2'.0 at 11.54,
course was shaped N. 82 E. 17 knots. At 12.27 altered course
S. 78 E.

1.50 a.m. Altered course S. 73 E.

3.30 " Blanche " took station 2'. 5 astern of centre of

Battle Fleet.

5. 8 Altered course S. 50 E.

6. 0 Opened to 3'.0 from Battle Fleet. Zig-zagged

2 points every 10 minutes.
9. 5 Speed of advance 16 knots.

10.30 Closed to 2'.5 from Battle Fleet.

Observed position at noon 58.08 N., 2.58 E.
Noon. Reduced to 15 knots.

2.43 p.m. Increased to 17 knots.
2.50 Increased to 18 knots.

3. 9 Altered course S.E. by S.

Opened to 4'.0 from Battle Fleet.
3.30 In station, speed 19 knots.

4. 0 Increased to 20 knots.

5.15 Took up station for the Approach, i.e., 5 cables

astern of centre of line joining rear ships of two
centre divisions.

5.30 Heard gun-fire to Southward.

6. 0 Battle Fleet deployed into line. " Blanche " altered

round gradually to take up her station as repeating
ship, keeping from 8 to 10 cables from " Iron
Duke " and steering a parallel course.

6.25 Battle Fleet opened fire.

6.40 Battle Fleet ceased fire.

7.12 Fire was resumed,

7.20 Fire ceased again.

7.30 Our Battle Fleet lost touch mth enemy Battle

Fleet.
From 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. D.R. in " Blanche " was kept
by Shore's D.R. Calculator, giving Course and
distance made good S. 17 E. 25'. 0.

8. 0 Course S.W., 17 knots.

8. 3 Altered course West.

8.28 Altered course S.W., 14 knots.

OFFICIAL DESPATCHES. 379

8.47 p.m. 17 knots.

9. 8 Altered course S. Reduced to 13 knots to drop

into station as Repeating Ship to 2nd Division.
9.30 In station. Speed, 17 knots.

10.40 Observed numerous flashes and heavy firing to the

Northward.
11.20 Ship apparently struck some obstacle, a glancing

blow.

Istl'Iune.

2.45 a.m. Fleet altered course to North into single line ahead.
" Blanche " proceeded as requisite to follow round
and take up station as repeating ship on Port
side of 4th B.S.

3.30 Heard gun-fire on Port beam.

3.43 Altered course West, 15 knots.

3.50 Sighted Zeppelin bearing S.E.

3.54 Altered course North, 17 knots,

4.23 Altered course S. 85 W., 12 knots.

4.30 Altered course N. by E., 18 knots.

4.48 Altered course North, 17 knots.
6. 3 Altered course S.E.

6.15 x^ltered course S. 55 E.

6.25 Altered course S.E.

6.30 Altered course S.E. by S.

7.12 Passed horned mine floating.

7.15 Course North. In station 5 cables astern of Battle

Fleet.
8.30 Passed a smaU waterlogged boat containing a body.

8.54 Altered course S.S.W.

9.36 Altered course W.S.W.

9.48 Altered course S.S.W.

10. 5 a.m. Altered course N. by W.-

11.10 Altered course N. 45 W. In station 5 cables astern

of Battle Fleet.
Observed position at noon : Lat. 56.20 N., Long. 5.22 E.
The remainder of passage to Scapa Flow was uneventful.

I have the honour to be,

Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

J. M. CASEMENT,
The Commander-in Chief, Captain.

H.M. Ships and Vessels,
Devonport.

II.

No. 1014/0147.
Admiralty.

Forwarded in continuation of Plymouth Letter No. 685/0147
of 18th March 1919.

CECIL F. THURSBY,
26th April 1919. Admiral.

380 BATTLE OF JUTLAND :

REPORT (FROM MEMORY) OF PROCEEDINGS OF

H.M.S. "J30ADICEA" IN ACTION AT BATTLE OF

JUTLAND, 1916.

(Admiralty Letter M. 0962/19 of 8.3.19.)

Original Report forwarded to Vice-Admiral Sir Thomas H. M.

Jerram, K.C.B., K.C.M.G.
Sir,

H.M.S. " Boadicea " was attached to your Squadron as
repeating ship during the day action, and no points of interest
occurred which are not already known to you.

2. During the night of 31st May-lst June I was stationed
21 cables astern of " Thunderer " — the rear battleship. At
about 10.30 p.m. a large ship was seen approaching about two
points abaft the starboard beam at high speed. She challenged
with 4 green lights horizontal, followed by 4 red when under
helm, turning away. Thirty seconds was the time estimated
during which the ship was in sight.

3. Directions were given for firing the starboard torpedo;
but the time of enemy ship being in sight did not permit of
this being done. At about 11 p.m. an action took place several
miles astern of " Boadicea," lasting for several minutes, but
no details of ships engaged could be made out.

I have the honour, etc.,

L. C. WOOLLCOMBE,

Captain.

APPKxNDlX 1. 381

APPENDIX I.

INFORMATION FROM GUNNERY RECORDS.

NOTE BY ADMIRALTY.

To supplement the foregoing despatches such extracts of gunnery
reports received at the Admiralty a few months after the Battle of
Jutland as contain information of interest in regard to the general course
of the action are published.

Portions of the original reports received have been deleted, but only
as far as plots from Fu-e Control Tables or references to fire contiol
methods are concerned, these Tables and Methods being secret.

Whilst the records contained in the following pages supplement the
despatches (which, indeed, in some cases contain similar gunnery reports,
e.g., " Iron Duke," page 52), it should be noted that the information
was compiled in some cases from notes taken on the bridge dming the
Battle, or mider other conditions whicla militated against acciu"acy in
the estimation of ranges, resulting sometimes in a conflict of opinion
between the entries of adjacent ships.

All ships did not furnish plots, transmission station records or other
notes : reasons are explained in some of the following letters.

382 APPENDIX I.

BATTLE OF JUTLAND.

From — Coimnanding Officer, " H.M.S. " Revenge."
To — Atliniral Coininaading, First Battle Squadron.
Daie — 18th November 1916.
No. D. 36/8.

Sib,

In accoi'dance with Admiralty Letter G. 03934/16 of 20th October
1916, I have the honour to forward the following further remarks on the
Battle of Jutland.

3. The iiiforination given below is obtained from notes by variouis
Officers, taken down as soon as practicable after the action and not from
records kept on tlie spot.

4. Bearings and Ranges oj Enemy Battleships. — No bearings are
available.

Ka)iges. — 6.15 to 6.45 p.m. — Intermittent salvoes only were hreil
No hits were observed and no ranges are available.

7.0 to 7.30 p.m. — At 7.5 p.m. approximately, after altering couise,
fire was opened on the leading ship (left hand ship), thought to be one of
the "Kaiser" class. Initial range 11,000 yards. A spotting correction
of " Down 800 " gave a straddle, " Rapid Director " was ordered and
several hits were obtained on this ship. As it was evident that several ships
were fuing at this target, fire was shifted to No. 4 ship from the left, one
of the " Kaiser " Class, and rapid salvoes fired, several hits being observed.
Fire was continued until the enemy turned away together and were lost
in the mist and smoke screen about 7.30. 16 salvoes were fired at the
two ships. The final range obtained was 9,500 yards.

si: :!: :|c :): :{:

I have the lioauiir to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Ser\ aut,

E. J3. KIDDLE,
Captain.

H.M.S. "Hercules,"
Sm, 30th October 1916.

With reference to H.F. Memo. 1187/84 of the 23rd October 1916
and Admiralty Letter G. 03934/16 of the 20th October 1916, I have the
lionoiu' to report that 1 was in conmiand of H.M.S. " Benbow " during
the action of 31st May 1916 and foivvard the following extracts from the
Navigating Officer's Note Book (Connnander (i. P. Bigg-Wither) of tliat
ship and some extracts from notes taken by the Gunnery Officer of that
ship (Lt. -Commander F. Elliott); there is no other information in
H.M.S. " Hercules " other than that forwarded by mj^ predecessor : —

Extracts from Navigating Officer's Note Book.

6.41 p.ni.^ — 4 enemj' ships in open order visible on Starboard beam steering

similar coui'se to " Benbow " (S.E.) " Kaiser " class ?
6.44 p.m. — 3-funnelled enemy ship (" Helgoland " class ?) bows one

apparently stopped with destroyers round her bearing Green,

90°. (" Benbow's " covu-se S.E.)

Ai-PENDlX 1. 383

6.45 p.m. — Four 2 -funnelled ships and one 4-funnelled ship bearing

Green 100°- 120° when they turned away. (" Benbow's "

course S.E.)
7.10 p.m. — Enemy destroyers (6) bearing about 70° 8,000 yards.

(" Benbow's " course S.E.)
7.16 p.m.^ — Fire observed in Enemy shi|i.
7.26 p.m. — Enemy destroyers on starboard beam. Our Light Cruisers

attacking them.

Extracts from Gtinnery Lieutenant's Notes.

0.14 p.m. — Obtained ranges of an enemy ship with 3 fimnels, 13,000-
14,000 yards bearing Green 60°, apparently in a damaged
condition. ("Benbow's" course N.E. by E.)

6.30 p.m.— Ship of " Lutzow " or " Kaiser " class bearing Green 73°,
16,000 yards (" Benbow's " course S.E. by E.)

6.40 p.m. — Fire re-opened range 12,500 yards. No bearing taken.

7.17p.m. — -Opened fire on enemy ship "Lutzow" class, bearing about
Green 132. (" BenJoow's " course S.S.E.)

7.19 p.m.— Sjjotted down 1,600 yards, and opened fire with all turrets.

7.20 p.m. — Hit observed near after turret bj^ several observers.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

H. W. PARKER,
The Vice-Admiral Commanding, Captain.

Fourth Battle Squadron.

From — The Commanding Officer, H.M.S. " Ajax."

To — The Secretary of the Admiralty (through Vice-Admiral Commanding
Second Battle Squadron).

30th September 1916.

No. E. 68/14.

Subject. — Plot contained in the action of the 31st May 1916.

Former.—H. F. Memorandimi 1187/68 of 24th September 1916.

H.M.S. "Ajax."
In accordance with the above quoted Memorandum, I have the
honom" to fonvard the plot of the period of time in which H.M. Ship under
my command was in sight of the enemy.

2. Owing to the mist and smoke this was all that could be obtained.

GEORGE H. BAIRD,
Captain.

From — ^The Commanding Officer, H.M.S. " Ajax."

To — The Secretary of the Admiralty.

i^aie.— 30th October 1916.

No. E. 74/7.

Subject. — Further information of the action of 31st May 1916.

Forme/-.— Admiralty Letter of 20th October 1916, G. 03934/16.

H.M.S. "Ajax."
With reference to the above quoted Older, the following particulars
are foi"warded : —

1. Range on Sights at Open Fire, 18,700.

* * * * * .

384 APrENDlX I.

.'}. Hougli licariiig was 87 Green — a Battle Cruiser The

trainei- in Cvm Control Tower liad very groat difticvilty in seeing the
object.

GEO. H. BAIRD,
Captain.

From — The Conunanding Officer, H.M.S. " Erin."

To — U'he Vico-Adiniral Commanding, Second Battle Squadron.

3rd October 1916, No. 49.

Subject — Rangefinding Plot of Action, .31st May 1916.

Fonner—K.F. 1187/68 of 24th September 1916.

H.M.S. "Erin."
Subinitted,

With reference to H.F. 1187/68 of 24th September 1916, only
six ranges were taken altogetlier, at considerable intervals and no value
could be obtained from them.

The roll containing this information was therefore not kept and has
since been destroyed.

V. A. STANLEY,
Captain.

H.M.S. " :\Ionarch,"
SiK, 29th October 1916.

With rc-ference to Admiralty Letter G. 03934/16 of 20th October
1916 the following is submitted for information of their Lordships : —

4: :}: :(: :!: 4:

6.30 p.m. — Opened fire on ship of " Kolberg " class, Bearing 75 Green

Enemy on opposite course, but apparentlj^ stopped.
6.33 p.m. — Sighted 5 Battleships (" Konigs " and " Kaisers ") about

95 Green. Opened fii-e.
7.14 p.m. — Opened fire at Battleships of " Konig " class escorted by

destroyers, bearing 76 Green.
7.16 p.m. — Ship observed heavily on fire, bearing 95 Green.
7.19 p.m. — Sighted Battle Cruiser of " Derflinger " class, bearing 110

Green, also Battle Cruiser (appeared to be " Seydlitz ")

beyond " Derflinger."

G. BORRETT,
The Secretary, Cajstain.

of the Admiralty.

From — Commanding Officer, H.M.S. " Conqueror."

To — The Vice Admiral Commanding, Second Battle Squachon.

2nd October 1916. No. 103.

Subject. — Dreyer table plotting charts — 31st May 1916.

Former.— H.F. 1187/68 of 24th September 1916.

H.M.S. " Conqueror."
Herewith Dreyer Table Plotting Chart for action dming daylight of
31st May 1916.

Very ivw ranges were taken.

Remarks outside of plot are those passed from Foretop to Transmitting
Station.

H H D. TOTHILL,
Captain.

APPENDIX I. 385

No. 274/001/2.

" Bellerophon,"
Sir, 10th October 1916.

With reference to H.F. Memorandum 1187/68 of 24th September
1916, ordering Dreyer Table plotting charts of the action of the 31st May
1916 to be sent to the Admiralty, I have the honour to report that very
few ranges were obtained and though a small plot was made, * *
* * * the record has not been kept.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your Obedient Servant,

HUGH WATSON,
The Vice Admiral Commanding, Captain.

Fourth Battle Squadron.

No. R. 1/68.

H.M.S. "Calliope,"
Sir, 15th October 1916.

In accordance with H.F. Memorandvmi 1187/68 of 24/9/16, I
have the honour to forward herewith a synopsis of what range and bearing
records were taken in " Calliope,"' when in sight of enemy vessels on the
evening of 31st May 1916.

(a) 6.12 p.m. — One enemy Light Cruiser S.S.E., 11,000 yards, engaged

by two armoured cruisers.
" King George V." bearing from " Calliope," N.W. by
N. 3'.

(b) 6.13 p.m. — Enemy Battle Cruisers. South 13,000 yards, engaged

by Battle Cruiser Fleet.
" Lion " bearing from *' Calliope," South 2'.

mately) S. by E. from " Calliope," 12,000 yards seen
to sink.

(d) 6.35 p.m.- — ^Enemy Capital Ships, class not distinguished, bearing

West from " Calliope," engaged by Centre and Rear
Divisions (IV. and I. Battle Squadrons) of Battle
Fleet.

(e) 7.00 p.m. — Fourth Light Cruiser Squadron took station 2' on star-

board bow " King George V." — latter bearing N.N.E.
Course South. One enemy Battle Cruiser (" Lutzow " ?)
bearing West steering slowly to N.W. with destroyer
screen.

(/) 7.28 p.m.^ — Enemy destroyers, half flotilla, observed N.W. by N.
threatening van of Battle Fleet. Rear Battle Cruiser —
'■ Indomitable " — then bore S.E. 2,000 yards and
"King George V" N.E. by E. 7,000 yards from
" Calliope." Fourth Light Cruiser Squadron closed
to engage : two eneiny destroyers sunk at approx.
8,000 yards. Enemy destroyers retired. 7.36 p.m.
Squadron resumed station at Van.

((/) 8.05 p.m. — Smoke Screen ob.served W.N.W.

{h) 8.10 to 8.15 p.m. — "Calliope," "Constance," " Comus," moved out
N.W. to support " Castor " and XL Flotilla. Engaged
enemy destroyers W.N.W. Steering S.S.W.

(i) 8.24 p.m.— Enemy destroyers made smoke screen and retired,

(;/) 8.26 p.m. — Sighted main body enemy Battle Fleet, N.W. 8,000
yards, Six or seven Capital Ships made out — two
(three) " Heligoland " ?. (Note — 3 tall fvmnels, no
boat cranes) : foui- " Kaiser " class — approximate
course S.W., speed 18-20 knots. Enemy opened fire
with secondary armament.
X 12S72 B b

386 APPENDIX I.

(A-) 8.30 p.m.— " Calliope " fired a torpedo. Target leading Ship,

" Kaiser " division, bearing W. by N. 6,500 yards

" Calliope," " Con.stance," " Comus " retired towards

our Battle Fleet.

(/) 8.38 p. m — Distinct explosion observed in one "' Kaisor " clas;*

battleship,
(m) 8.40 p.m. — Lost touch with enemy Battle Fleet who ceeised firing,
bearing W. by S.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

C. E. LE MESURIER,
The Secretary of the Admiralty, Commodore.

Whitehall, S.W.

Reg. No. 836/114.

H.M.S. " Constance,"
Sir, 3rd October 1916.

With reference to memorandum H.F. 1187/68 of the 24th Sept-
ember 1916 I have the honour to report as follows; though all times,
bearings, and distances are approximate : —

1. 6.00 p.m. — Enemy light cruisers bearing 50' Green — 10,000 yards.

(" Constance " masked by " Defence " and " Warrior.")

2. 6.30 p.m.— Enemy Battle Ci'uisers, bearing 100' Green— 14,000

yards.

3. 7.10 p.m. — Enemy Destroyers, right ahead, 7,500 yards.

4. 7.30 p.m. — Enemy 3rd Battle Squadrons, bearing 80' to 110' Green

— 12,000 yards.

5. 8.15 p.m.^ — -Enemy Destroyers right ahead at extreme visibiUtj-.

6. 8.25 p.m. — Four " Kaiser's " and ? three " Helgolands," bearing

70' to 80' Green— 8,000 yards.

I have the honoui" to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

C. S. TO^VNSEND
The Commodore Commanding, Captain.

4th Light Crui.ser Squadron,
H.M.S. " Calliope."

No. 156/2.

H.M.S. "Malaya,"
Sir, 5th October 1916.

In accordance with Memorandum H.F. 1187/68 of 24th September
1916 I have the honoin* to forward a range-plot comprising a period of
thirty-three minutes, which is the plot taken between 4.0 p.m. and
4.33 p.m., G.M.T., dui-ing the action against the German Battle Cruisers.
During the later stages of the action with the High Sea Fleet, ranges were
few and isolated owing to low vi.sibility.

*****

Tlie ranges from 3m.-30s. to 8m. -30s. were taken of what then
appeared to be the rear enemj' battle cruiser, on which " Malaya " was
ordered to concentrate with " Warspite." " Malaya " never opened fire
as a fifth enemy battle cruiser (" Seydlitz ") made its appearance some
way astern, and object was shifted immediately.

First gun was fired at 15m.-0s. {i.e., 4,15 p.m., G.M.T.). Straddled
at 17m-30s.

When enemy turned away aft«r being hit, few ranges were obtained
for the following minute or so as enemy smoke interfered.

APPENDIX T. 387

The gun range reached 21,500 yards.

Enemy altered back again to form astern of leading enemy battle

cruisers.

*****

At 30m-0s the enemy altered course away and was lost in the increasing
haze.

I have the honoui" to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

A. D. BOYLE,
The Reai'-Admiral Commanding, Captain.

Fifth Battle Squadron.

No 2.

H.M.S. "Malaya,"
Sib, 30th October 1916.

With reference to Admiralty Letter G. 03934/16 of the 20th
instant, I have the honour to forward the following additional remarks
on the Action of 31st May : —

(i) No additional information is available.

(ii) At 4.15 p.m. the first salvo was fired at the rear German Battle
Cruiser (" Seydlitz ") at a range of 18,600 yards.

* * * * *

T have the honour to be,
Sir,
4. Your obedient Servant,

A. D. BOYLE,
The Secretary of the Admiralty. Captain.

From—The Commanding Officer, H.M. Ship " Warspite.'
To — The R«ar- Admiral Commanding, Fifth Battle Squadron.

The Secretary of the Admiralty,

Whitehall, London,

9th October 1916.
Submitted, with reference to ^Memorandum H.F. 1187/68, dated
24th September 1916, neither the Dreyer Table chart nor any range and
bearing records have been retained . . . ; it has not therefore been
possible to comply with the above order to forward charts and records
to the Admiraltv.

(Signed) E. M. PHILLPOTTS,

Captain,

125/D.

H.M.S. "PRINCESS ROYAL."
Fore T.S. Record of Action, 31st May 1916.

3 27.

Train Green 40.

3-30.

Red 30.

23.

34-45

5 Enemy Battle Cruisers in sight.

39-20

Red 20

42-30

Right hand ship (" Lutzow "' Class).

47-35

16000.

48- 5

Red 42.

48-53

14600.

49-36

14700.

50- 5

Red 78.

14200.

51-15

13200.

B b 2

388

APPENDIX ],

52
53

4 1

0
0
45
6
15
20
0-50
15 28
15-50
18- 5
18-45
19-50
21-28
22- 0
24-15
24-40
25-20
31-15

33-00
34-15
35-40
37-28
46-45
47-45
48-15
49- 6
49-11
51- 8
52-45
53-35
54-50
5fi- 5
•57-12
58- 9
58-24

5- 2-40
34- 5
38-45
44-34

5-46-00

6- 0-30
1-30
2-55
7-30
9-45

11-45
16 40
19-45
19-55
29-35

30- 3
7-14-10
8-18-00

19 50
20-30
21-50
22-33
24-30
25-15

31- 5
32-47

Roil 89.

1^(1 108.

12800.

Red 115.

12800.

Red 130.

19100.

18500.

17700.

17000.

16000.

15900.

14900.

13000.

13800.

15000.

15800.

Enemy Battle Fleet ahead.

Red 65. •

Green 99. Three funnelled cruiser.

15000.

Green 94.

15300.

Green 105.

17000.

17200.

17800.

Green 110.

18000.

17925.

17900.

19400.

18000.

14000.

15300.

Cliange target.

Try 15000.

14900.

12000. Green 40.

Put 1 6000 on.

Battle Cruiser.

14000.

13000.

Green 98.

12000. Battle Cruiser.

Green 102.

12000. Battleship ( ?).

18000. Battle Cruiser.

12000. Green 60. Leading Battle Cruiser.

10000.

9000.

9400.

9350.

9500.

9625.

9500.

98.50.

Right liand, Battle Criiisei' steering to the U'fi.

Leading Batth; Cruisor.

Left hand ship.

A Light Cruiser.

Tliree funnelled ?hip.

APPENDIX I.

389

H.M.S. " Princoss Royal,'
SrR, 3rcl November 19 IG.

With reference to H.F. 1187/84 of 23r(l October 1916, I have the
liotiour to report that the ranges given in my letter 1/257 of 6th October
are those on the transnxitter whilst actually firing. All times are G.M.T.
except in paragraph six of the letter where for " Argo at 8.52 " read
" Argo at 8.22 p.m. G.M.T."

2. In ship's letter of proceedings dated 8th June 1916, 1/125, the
following times are incorrect and should be ainended as follows : —

Paragraph 4. — Time of passing wreck of " Invincible " should be

0.38 p.m., G.M.T.
Paragraph 6. — Time of coming under fire from battleships vvas

6.18 p.m., G.M.T.
Paragraph 7. — Time heavy shock was felt was 8.34 p.m., G.M.T.
Paragraph 8.— First time should be 8.19 p.m., G.M.T.

Second time should be 8.28 p.m., G.M.T.
Third time sliould be 8.30 p.m., G.M.T.
Fourth time should be 8.34 p.m., G.M.T.

I have the honovir to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

WALTER COWAN,
The Rear-Admiral Conunanding, rajitain.

First Battle Cruiser Squadron.

GUNNERY RECORDS DURING ACTION OF 31st MAY 1016

No. 7.

H.M.S. "Tiger,"
ScR, 10th October 1916.

In coraphance with Memorandum No. H.F. 1187/68, dated
24th September 1916, I have the honour to forward herewith a record
of gun range, target fired at and remarks for every minute the ship was
in action on 31st May 1916. Bearings are noted whenever there is any
record of them, but no regular record of gun bearings was taken dvunng
the action.

This record was compiled within fotur days of the action from all
available records, but the data were only incidentally noted diu-ing the
general scheme of control and their accuracy cannot be guaranteed

The Rear Admiral Commanding,
First Battle Cruiser Squadron.

I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
RUDOLPH BENTINCK,

Captain.

GvursKRY

Remakks during Action of 31st May 1916.

G.M.T.

Gun
Range.

Object.

Remarks.

3.44
3.45

Enemy reported in sight from

" Lion."
Sighted enemy B.C.S. apparently
3, " Derfiinger," " Seydlitz,"

and " Moltke."

390 APPENDIX I.

Gunnery Remarks durino Action of 31st May 19 1G — cont.

G.M.T.

Gun

Range.

Object.

Remarks.

3.48

Enemy opened fire.

3.50

—

" Lion '* opened fire.

3.51

18,500

4th ship from right.

Considerable interference from

" Seydlitz " class.

own T.B.D.'s' smoke.

3.52

18,200

" Tiger " hit on forecastle.

3.53

16,900

m * *

3.54

15,700

" Q " and " X " turrets hit and
temporarily out of action.

3.54J

15,200

3.55

13,900

Interference from T.B.D. smoke

3.55|

13,900

Hit under " P. 6 " near after
6 -in. magazine and fire.

3.56

13,800

3.56^

13,200

3.57

11,400

3.57.^

11,200

3.58

11,400

Interference enemy shorts and
T.R.D. smoke.

3.58|

11,100

3.59

10,700

4.00

10,750

4.001

10,500

4.01

11,200

4.0U

11,100

4.0l|

11,000

4.02

11,700

4.023-

12,400

4.03i

11,800

4.031

12,200

" Indefatigable " sinldng.

4.05i

12,300

Salvoes appeared ragged.

4 05|

12,700

Ordered " individual." Line up
director.

4.06}

12,000

4.06.i

12,100

4.07

13,000

4.071

14,100

4.07.55

14,200

Straddle.

4.08.5

14,300

4.08.40

14,800

„

4.09}

13,900

4.09.45

16,900

Straddle.

4.10

17,000

4.10.5

17,900

Director lined up correct. " X "^
in individual " Director."

4.10.55

17,700

»>

4.11.5

18,000

Straddle ?

4.11.20

17,500

* * *

4.12.20

17,800

»f

4.12.50

18,000

4.1.3.35

17,300

4.14.20

17,400

4.14.30

17,800

4.14.50

17,300

Gun range and rangefindw same.

4 15.50

17,300

«>

Hitting.

APPENDIX I. 391

Gunnery Remarks during Action of 31st May 1916 — cont.

G.M.T

Remarks.

4.16.25

4.16.40

4.17.10

4.18.10

4.19.00

4.20

4.21

4.21.40

4.21.50

4 22

4.23.50

4.23.05

4.24.10

4.25

4.25.30

4.25.50
4.26.40
4.27.30
4.27.55
4.28.15
4.28.45
4.28.55
4.29.45
4.30.15
4.30.45

4.30.55

4.31.15

4.31.36

4.32.15

4.33

4.33.30

4.34.46

4.35.20
4.36.05
4.36.25
4.37.25
4.37.56
4.38.25
4.39.25
4.40

4.43
4.51
4.56.30

4.57:18

17,300

17,300
18,100
17,500
17,900
18,300
17,500
17,500
16,800
16,800
17,400
17.400

16,600

15,800
15,800

16,200
16,200
16,000
15,600
15,500
16,000
14,800
14,000
13,900
13,700

13,400
12,400
12,300
12,000
12,000
11,800
11,900

13,000
13,600
14,500
15,300
15,500
16,400
17,600

18,000
18,000

" Seydlitz " class,
4th ship from right.

3rd ship from left,
" Dei'flinger " class.

Bearing, green 90.

3rd B.C. from left,

" Derflinger."

Over.

Straddle.

Salvo ragged, " individual."
Line up. Giui and mean range

same.
" Queen Mary " blew up. [Smoke

passed " Tiger."

Enemy on port bow^ hitting

" Tiger," chiefly in fimnels.
StradcUe.
Director.

Straddle.

One gun of " X " primary load-
ing.

Straddle ?

Gun and mean range same.

" Red 123."

6-in. opened fire on German
T.B.D. attack.

Enemy out of sight, check fire.
" Lion " altered course 16 points

to starboard.
Lined up, speed of ship 28 knots.
Director Increased elevation.

Ship altered course to port,
enemy very misty and then
seen to alter course 16 points.

;J92 APPENDIX I.

Gunnery Remarks dublng Action of 31st May 1916 — ootii.

5.01.50

5.02.05
5.03.05
5.04.10
5.05.05
5.05.35
5.06.20
5.06.35
5.07.00
5.08.30

5.09.00
509.45

5.43
5.44

5.46

5.48

5.48.25

5.49

5.. 50

5.51

5.52

5.53

5.53.20

5.54.55

5.5.'>.55

5.58

5.59

(i.OO

6.02.20

6.04

6.05

6.07

6.12

6.17

6.18

6.21

6.21.35

6.22.15

6.23

C.24.10

6.25

6.2.5.15

20,000

18,000
18,500
19,300
18,800
18,800
19,000
19,000
18,800
18,400

18,500
17,800

15,000
13,000
14,000
15,000
14,500
14,500
14,500
14,800
13,600
13,800

15,100

14,300
14,700
15,100
16,300
16,900
15,400

15,000
15,400
8,000
8,000
6,200
6,300
5,900
7,700
7,600

3rd B.C. from left,
•' Derfflinger."

2ad B.C. from left

3rd ship from left,
gi-een 105

„ Green 100

,, (!reeii85

3rd ship from left,
green 105.

, Green 75.

3rd ship from left
,, Green 85

Straddle, very certain.

3rd ship appeared to lose station
and drop out of line burning.

Clieck fire. Report ammunition.
Right gun of " A " out of
action with fracture R.I. and O,
cut off valve ram. Lined up.

Enemy re -appeared.

Straddle.

Gun and mean R.F same. 2
rangefinders.

Big deflection spotting correc-
tion to get salvo clear (jf
apparently 15-in. salvoes fall-
ing short and in line.

Interference from 15-in.

Check fire.

6-in. fired at L.C. " Kolberg "

class.
6-in. ceased fire, continued again

at 6.19 to 24.

Gun range 1,500 below Argo R.F.

Straddle.
Straddle.

APPENDIX I. 393

Gunnery Remarks duiiino Action of 31st May 1916 — cont.

G.M.T.

Remarks.

6.25.55

7,000

3rd ship from left

6.26.30

6,300

6.27.20

6,900

6.29

—

Check fire.

6.36

6-in. fired at T.B.D. attack on
battle fleet, 13-5-in. lined up,
check ammimition.

7.16

19,800

„ Green 70

7.16.40

19,750

7.20

20,200

Enemy tvirned away. Check fire.
Tested director on Ij.C. on port
bow.

8.21

7,900

Right hand of two
3 -funnel B.S.

Apparently "Helgoland " class.

8.21.30

8,900

8.22.30

8.400

'', Green 76

8.23.15

7,900

8.24.30

7,900

8.25.10

6,900

Straddle.

8.26

6,900

8.26.45

7,400

8.27.20

7,900

8.28

7,900

8.30

10,900

Gun and mean range R.F. same.

8.31

10,300

Straddle.

8.31.30

10,700

8.32

11,100

Straddle.

8.32.15

11,200

8.33.45

10,600

8.34.40

10,300

8.35.30

9,500

8.36.30

7,600

Check fire.

H.M.S. "New Zealand,"

8th June 1916.

ACTION WITH GERMAN FLEET, 31st MAY 1916.

Record of Ranges, <fec., Compiled from Transmitting ' Station
AND Control Top Records.

All times are Rough G.M.T.

Time.

Remarks, &c.

Gim Range.

3.51

3.52

3.53

3.57

3.57J

3.58

3.58i

Commenced ranging on 4th Ship from right -
Opened fire . . . - -

18,100
17,000
15,800

394

APPENDIX I.

Record op Ranoks, Ac. — corU.

3.58^

3.69

3.59>

4.0

4.1

4.U
4.2
4.2J
4.3
4.3^
4.4
4.4i
4.5i
4.6
6J
7
9

10
lOi
11
12
4.12i
4.13
4.14
4.1U
4.17
4.19
4.20
4.21
4.21J
4.22
4.22J-
4.23
4.24
4.25-J
4.26
4.26.V
4.29
4.30J
4.31
4.32
4.33
4.34
4.36
4.361
4.37
4.38.V
4.39\
4.41
4.42
4.58

.5.0

a/c to Star.

Shifted fire to 6th (rear) Shii)

Shifted to 4th Ship, .5th ship obsctired

Enemy out of range - . - -

Right hand Battle Cruiser. Set sight to longest

range at which it would bear.
Enemy out of range - - - -

14,600
13,400
13,000
12,500
12,300
11,000
10,800
11,100
11,400
11,400
11,600
11,600
12,000
12,300
13,200
13,800

14,100

14,800

16,000
16,400
16,400
17,100
16,900
17,400

18,100

17,600

18,100
17,600
18,000
17,850
17,450
17,800
17,750
17,450

16,400
15,100
14,500
14,800
15,200

17,350

18,850
18,000

18,600

5.46

Green 76 a Battle Cmiser

18,000
(estimated).

Pin^te 31.

717

3 PM

'IXi.'i 2«Z66 ■© PUTS

Malby*Sons.Llih.

Pinte Hi.

H.M.S NEW ZEALAND .

ACTION OF 31ST MAY, 1916.

British Track _. Black

German Track- '^^^

Pecked lines are Anotv/i Bearings and Distances . y ■
TIMES "E G.MT. /-

3 30)

Scale o? Sea Miles

APPENDIX I.
Rkcord of Ranges, &c. — cotU.

395

Time.

Remarks, &c.

Gun Range.

5.47

5.48

5.50

5.51

5.5U

5.52

5.63

5.55

5.56

5.58

6.4
6.6

6.19
6. 19 J
6.20'
6.21 J
6.22
6.22
to 6.25
6.26
6.27
6.27i

Enemy nearly lost in smoke and mist ; spotting

very difficult.
Enemy obscm-ed ....
Starb. 71 the leading Battleship. Fired 3

salvoes. Enemy obscured.
Left-hand Battleship ... -

a/c to Port . - - - .
Green 90. 2nd Ship from left

Checked fire -----

17,000
15,700
14,600

14,500
15,450

15,000
14,300
14,300

16,000

17,000

16,000

9,700
10,500
10,350
10,100
10,300 .

9,500

8.24

8.25

8.26

8. 26 J

8.27

8.28

8.29

8.30

8.36
8.38
8.39

Green 60. 3rd Ship from right

Enemy on fire forward and hauling out of line,
listing heavily.

Impossible to see fall of shot

Checked fire . - - - -

11,500
f estimated).

10,400
9,200
9,600
9,500
9,100
9,400

10,700

H.M.S. " Inconstant,"
Sir, 12th October 1916.

With reference to the Commander-in-Chief's Memorandum H.F.
1187/68 of 24th September 1916, I have the honour to forward herewith
the only records that were taken during the action of 31st May last. * * *

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

B. S. THESIGER,
The Secretary of the Admiralty, Captain.

London, S.W.

APPENDIX I,

Record of Ranges, &c. — coni.

395

Time.

Remarks, &c.

Gun Rangtj.

5.47

5.48

5.50

5.51

5.5U

5.52

5.63

5.55

5.56

5.58

6.4
6.6

6.19
6.191
6.20"
6.21 J-
6.22
6.22
to 6.25
6.26
6.27
6.271

Enemy nearly lost in smoke and mist ; spotting

very difficult.
Enemy obscured ....
Starb. 71 the leading Battleship. Fired 3

salvoes. Enemy obscured.
Left-hand Battle.ship ....

a/c to Port .....
Green 90. 2nd Ship from left • -

Checked fire .....

17,000
15,700
14,600

14,500
15,450
15,000
14,300
14,300

16,000

17,000
16,000

9,700
10,500
10,350
10,100
10,300 ,

9,500

8.24

8.25

8.26

8.26.1

8.27

8.28

8.29

8.30

8.36
8.38
8.39

Green 60. 3rd Ship from right

Enemy on fire forward and hauling out of lino,
listing heavily.

Impossible to see fall of shot

Checked fire . . - - -

11,500
f estimated).

10,400
9,200
9,600
9,500
9,100
9,400

10,700

H.M.S. " Inconstant,"
Sir, 12th October 1916.

I have the honour to be.
Sir,
Yoiir obedient Servant,

B. S. THESIGER,
The Secretary of the Admiralty, Captain.

London, S.W.

;}96

APPENDIX I.

H.M.S " INCONSTANT."
Records taken during Action op 31st May 1916.

Time.

Object.

Bearing

Range.

Own Course.

4.35

Tliree - funnelled L

ight

20,150

4.39

Cruiser and four

De-

—

19,250

4.45

strovers.

Red 38

18,750

S..S.E.

4.46

106 True

17,500

4.47

5.59*

Large Cruiser (Class
certain).

un-

Green 60

13,750

Rough E.N.E.

6.7

Light Crui.ser -

Green 45

13,000

Rough E.N.E.

6.8

13,200

Bearing of enemy and own course are very approximate at this

time

EVENTS DURING ACTION.

No. 428

" Fahnouth,"
Sm, 9th June 1916.

In accordance with the Vice-Admiral Commanding Battle Cruiser
Flet't's signal No. 2105 of the 7th instant, I have the honour to report
that no conseciitive records were kept in either control or transmitting
stations, but notes were made when possible of ranges, rates, &c., as
shown in the following table, which has been compiled from these notes
and gives the approxiiTiato hitting ranges at the time, ship fired at, &c.
The times given are taken from notes taken from the Bridge.

Time

Bearing.

Range.

Deflection.

(approx.)

From

Objectr—Li
6.7 p.m. -

OhjecP—Ba
6.15 p.m.

Object — Li
6.30 p.m.

ght Cruise
Bow
Before
beam.
On beam
Abaft
beam.

ttle Cruise
Beam

ght Cruise
Before
beam.

9,700
8,100

5,800
4,600

r.
6,000

8,100
5,800

4,600
5,400

6,600
9,100

12R.

28R.

38R.
28R.

8R.

Zero

28R.
38R.

28R.
22R.

Zero
8R.

Disabled and stopped.

Enemy in sinking con-
dition. Ceased fire.

Fire observed aft.
Enemy driven off,
and disappeared ih
mist.

APPENDIX I.
Events DtrarNO Action — eont.

39-

Time
^approx.

Bearint

Range.

Fiom

Deflection.

From To

Ro!nail

Object — Ba
6.15 p.m.

to
6.30 p.m.

ttle Cruise
Abaft
beam.

Object — Li ght Cruise
8.18 p.m. Beam

Beam

Object — Li

ght Cruise
Beam

Object — Li\ght Cruise
8.38 p.m. j Beam

r.
5,200

6,100

Zero

8R.

r Z\.
9,600

6,000

Zero

8L.

6,000

9,300

8L.

Zero

r Z2.

9,300

9,600

Zero

r Z\.

9,800

10,200

Zero

lOR.

Enemy turned away
and was lost to
sight.

Very indistinct owing
dusk.

Enemy turned away
and disappeared.

C. 87; 108.

I have the honovu' to be.
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,

J. D. EDWARDS,

The Rear Admiral Commanding,

Third Light Cruiser Squadron.

Captain.

No. 226.

H.M.S. " Birkenhead,"
Sm, 8th October 1916.

With reference to H.F. 1187/68 of 24th September 1916, I have
the honom' to report that the following are the Range and Bearing records
during the daylight period of 31st May 1916.

Time.

" Birken-
head's "

Class of Enemj'^
Ships.

Bearing
of

Course
of

Distance.

Course.

Enemy.

Enemj^.

5.50

N. 35° E.

Light Ci^uiser (" Wies-
baden ").

Stopped

7,500

6.25

S.E.

Two Battle Cruisers

S. 55° W.

8,000

(" Derf linger,")

(approx. )

(approx.).

" SeidHtz ").

7.15

S. 55° W.

Battleships

N. 80° W.

W.S.W.

—

8.35

N. 70° W.

Smoke of Enemy ships

Westerly

10,000
(approx.)

I have the honoui" to be,
Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
The Rear Admiral Commanding, E. REEVES,

Third Light Cruiser Squadron. Captain.

398

APPENDIX U.
APPENDIX II.

RECORD OF MESSAGES BEARING ON THE OPERATION.

Messages are arranged in clironological order of " Time of Despatch," all
times being G.M.T. Complete reliance, however, cannot be placed on the
ahsolute accuracy of these times owing to the differences of ships' clocks and the
difificLilties experienced in logging signals in action,

2. The following types have been used for printing : —

Messages to or from Com.-in-Chief. - - Clarendon.

Messages between Senior Officers of Squadrons {other~\

than tlie Commander-in-Chief) and their Squadrons yltalics.
and between ships of the same squadron - - -J

Ail other messages - - - - - Roman.

On 30th May 1916 the Admiralty received news which pointed to early activity on the part of
the (jk^rman Fleet. The Commander-in-Chief, Grand Fleet, and the Vice-Admiral Commanding
Battle CiTiiser Fleet were informed accordingly by telegram. The Admiralty also informed the
Commander in -Chief that eight enemy submarines, which they had reason to ))elieve had recently
sailed from German ports, were probably in the North Sea.

Admiralty telegram No. 434 of 30th May 1916, time of origin 1740, sent to the Commander-in-
Chief and repeated to the Vice Admiral Commanding Battle Cruiser Fleet, contained the following
instructions : —

" You should concentrate to Eastward of Long Forties ready for eventualities."

Date, 1

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of ; From i

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

MAY 30th

11.58 a.m. Admiralty -

V.A. Dover -

L/T

Harwich Destroyers return there at once.
Recall Belgian coast patrol temporarily.

1158

12.5 p.m. Admiralty -

R.A. East
Coast.

L/T

Recall minesweeping sloops -

1205

12.17— Admiralty -

S.0.3rdB.S.,
S.O. SrdC.S.,
C.-in-C. Nore

L/T

3rd B.S. and 3rd C.S. shotdd have steam at
short notice by daylight to-morrow, and
3rd C.S. should proceed to Swin to-day.

1217

12.33— S.O.M.S.

C.-in-C.

W/T

Position 58° 45' N., 2" 15' W. Torpedo
fired at Gentian missed.

1230

12.37 — Admiralty -

Captain S.,
Maidstone.

L/T

Have all Submarines ready for sea at
short notice.

1237

2.37— Comdr. (T) -

S.O.B.C.F. -

L/T

5 Light Cruisers, 15 Destroyers, ready for

1230

leccl .

service.

4.35 — C.-in-C.

General

Sem.

If the fleet goes to sea under present condi-
tions, Royal Oak will take station in 3rd
sub-division, order of which will be Iron
Duke, Royal Oak, Superb, Canada. Active
will go with Cruisers and take position J.
The Cruisers are to leave in one group and
take route A. 3rd B.C.S. Canterbury and
Chester will be ordered out independently
ahead of Cruisers and will follow ronte B.
The D.T. signal not applying to this squad-
ron, the 4 T.B.Ds. for this squadron
meeting them off Hoxa obstruction.

1615

5.35 — Owl

C.-in-C. A.C.O.
& S. Captain
D4.

W/T

Urgent. Trawler Dunpedril reports Sub-
marine, 3.45 p.m., Lat. 58' 35' N., Long.
2 35' W.

1700

5.40— S.O. 2ndB.S.

General

Flags

Preparatory signal for leaving Cromarty -

* Note. — Tlie " Remarks " appearing in the
CoUuun of the Signal Log.

Message Column " appeared in the Remarks

APPENDIX U.

399

Date,

Time of

Despatch

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

SO MAY

5.40 p.m

i
.-..43— : C.-in-C.

5.43— C.-in-C.

General - Flags

Royal Oak • Sem.
S.O. 4th B.S. Sem.

o.4o — ' S.O. B.C.F. - I B.C.F. 5th B.S. Flags
I Ist, 9th, 13th
I Flotilla.

5.54 — I C.-in-C. - ' Marksman W/T

C.-in-C. - S.O. B.C.F. - L/T

C.-in-C. - L/T

5.49-
(reod.)
5.55 — Admiralty

Preparatory signal for leaving Scapa, nega-
tive Royal Sovereign and Menelaus.

Return to Fleet Anchorage and anchor in
A6.

Please send Menelaus over to North shore
and delay experiments for the present.

Raise steam for 22 knots and report when
ready to proceed.

1735
1735
1740

5.. 55
6.0

6.1

6.4 -

6.5 -

6.7 -

! C.-in-C.

{ C.-in-C.

!
i

S.O. 3rd L.C.S

\
I
I

: Commodore F.
Commodore F.

S.O. 2nd B.S.
S.O. B.C.F. -

6.7—1 C.-in-C.

Commodore F.
and Dundee.

S.O. 4th
L.C.S. Caro-
line, Con-
stance.

3rd L.C.S. .

Tel.

Sem.

Captain D12 \ Sem.

Onslaught • W/T

i
General - Flags

General

Flags

6.10
6.11
6.12

Commodore F.
C.-in-C.

S.O. 3rd L.C.S

S.O. 2nd C.S. Sem.
and Com- and
modore F. i Tel.

C.-in-C.
S.O.M.S.

3rd L.C.S.

Tel.
W/T
Sena.

!
Return at once with your Destroyers - 1535

Urgent. Raise steam - - - - 1740

3rd B.S., 3rd C.S., 5th L.C.S. and Harwich —

Destroyers will not be sent out until more

is known.
Trident will pass through patrols from East 1700

after midnight to-night,
CaroUne and Constance are to return to Y t 1800

line by sunset.

Steatn should be raised as soon as possible 1800
and report now when you expect to be ready \
for 15 knots and 22 knots. Falmouth
will be ready at 7.45 and 8 p.m.

Recall patrols 1800

Return to harbour ... - - 1809

Raise steam for 18 knots and report when —
ready to proceed.

Commanders of squadrons to report the —
time at which their squadrons will be
ready to proceed. Reply : 5th B.S.
ready to proceed at 9.40 p.m., 1st B.C.S.
ready to proceed 8.45 p.m., 2nd B.C.S.
will be ready to proceed at 9 p.m., Ist
L.C.S. ready to proceed at 8.23 p.m., 2nd
L.C.S. ready to proceed 9 p.m., 3rd L.C.S.
ready to proceed 8 p.m., 9th Flotilla
8.30 "p.m., 1st Flotilla 9 p.m., Engadine
9.45 p.m.

My 1615, Additional four Destroyers are 1754
to be detailed for 2nd C.S.

Achates defect completed - - - 1805

Keep Sloops out to-night, Tuesday, Fleet I 1750
may come out,

L.C.'s. diagram No. 1. J812

Falmouth, Yarmouth C
Birkenhead, Gloucester D
IJ Engadine joiyis she will leave
harbour astern of Gloucester. I

400

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch

30 MAY \—cont.
ti. 1 1 — ' Captain D12

6. 1 8 — I Captain D12-

Commodore F.

Mischief,
Narwhal,
Mary Rose.
»i.20 — I Admiralty - Commodore T.

6.25 —

C-in-C. - 3rd B.C.S.

Chester,
Canterbury.

<j.25— C.-in-C.

Commodore F.

S.O. B.C.K. - Leda -

S.O. 5th B.S.

Gloucester - 1 Falmouth

C.-in-C. Nymphe

Admiralty - Captain S.,
Maidstone.

6.28

6.30 — I Admiralty

6.30

6.34
6.35

6.37

6.37-

6.40

C.-in-C. - Campania,
Blanche.

Commodore F. Captain D4

6.44 —

6.45 —

'..48 —

C.-in-C. - A.C.O. & S.

Shannon,
2nd and 7th
C.S.

Admiralty - C.-in-C. S.O.
B.C.F.

Captain D.,
Ift Flotilla.

1st Flotilla

Captain D4 - Commodore F.

Should Marksman be recalled ?

Reply: C.-in C. has already ordered Marks-
1 man and Destroyers to return.
Tel. Proceed into harbour and complete with oil
I fuel.

L/T Light Crui.sers and Destroyers should bo
ready to sail at daylight if required.
I Report your probable strength ?
I Reply : Probable strength will be five
I Light Cruisers, two Flotilla leaders, 21
Destroyers, including eight detailed for
3rd B.S.
Flags Raise steam for 22 knots. At what time
will 3rd B.C.S. be ready to sail ? Reply:
8.15 p.m.
Sem. At what time will Chester and Canterbury

be ready to sailP Reply: 8.30 p.m.
Tel. Nymphe will not leave if Fleet goes out.
The four Destroyers for 3rd B.C.S. screen
to raise steam for 22 knots.
W/T Gunboats raise steam ....

! Reply : Gunboats ready to proceed
L/T j Very urgent. Raise steam ...

Sem. I What key memorandum, is in force ?

Reply : Key memorandum No. 12, S. W.
C.B. 01160.

Tel. Bank fires. Steam at four hours' notice -

L/T

Sem.
and
S.L.
Sem.

Sem.

L/T

Sem.

Urgent. Three Submarines detailed in
accordance with C.-in-C.'s orders should
proceed to position ordered b}' him and
remain till night of 3rd June.

Campania will follow Blanche and be last
to leave.

The four Destroyers for 3rd B.C.S. screen
to raise steam for 22 knots.

Flag of V.A. Sir Somerset Gough Calthorpe
is to be shifted to Leander to-night and
hauled down at sunset to-morrow, Wed-
nesday. R.A. Minotaur will take com-
mand of 2nd and 7th C.S. at sunset
to-night, Tuesday.

Three Harwich Submarines for vicinity of
Vyl Light Vessel, proceed to-night instead
of to-morrow morning.

Organisation as follows : 1st Division,
Acheron, Ariel, Attack, Hydra ; 2nd
Division, Badger, TAzard, Goshawk,
Lapvyinq. Defender to keep station
astern of Fearless.

Hardy will join Group 8 in plnce of Paragon
not yet arrived.

1S1.5
1816

1800

1940

1820

1800
1916

1819
1825

1832
1835
1826

1844
1840

1846

APPENDIX U.

401

Date,
Time of From

Despatch.

Message.

Time

of
Origia

30 MAY —cont.
6. 55 p.m.! Admiralty

6.58 — Erin

7.0 — S.O. 2nd B.S.

7.0
7.0
7.2
7.3

! S.O. B.C.F. -
C.-in-C.

Commodore F.
Admiralty -

7.5 ■

7.7 ■

7.10

7.11

7.14

7.18-

7.20

7,20

7.22

7.25-

7.27-
7.30-

C.-in-C.

S.O. 1st C.S.-
S.O. B.C.F. -
C.-in-C.

Commodore F.
C.-in-C.

Commodore F.

R.A. East
Coast, Cap-
tain - in -
Charge,
Lowestoft.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.,

1st C.S.,

Boadicea.
Nottingham -

Cruisers and
Destroyers.

General Neg.

Nymphe.
R.A. East

Coast ; Cap-

t a i n - i n -

Charge,

Lowestoft ;

Commodore,

Harwich ;

C.-in-C. Nore,
Battlefleet

Neg.

R. Sovn.
S.O. 2nd B.S.-

B.C.8 and 5th

B.S.
Campania

L/T Recall auxiliary patrolB by secret word

Sem. Immediate. I should like to fill up with
coal if possible, as amount short, about
100 tons, makes it rather awkward for
centre boiler room. Reply : Collier has
been ordered.

W/T 2nd B.S. assume W/T organisation J
8.40 p.m.

W/T Destroyers are to economise fuel as much

as possible.
Flags Raise steam for 20 knots
& Tel.
Flags ' Raise steam for 22 knots

L/T I Weather permitting. Aircraft should scout
to seawards at dayhght to-morrow.

Flags

S.L.

Raise steam foi 19 knots

1st C.S. will be readj' to proceed 18
knots at 10 p.m.
Flags I Raise steam for working cables at 8 p.m.

7.20— C.-in-C.

Commodore F.
Commodore F.

C.-in-C. Ro-

syth.
C.-in-C.

Oak

Titania - - |

General 11th
Flotilla, Cap-
tain''s D4 and ;
D12.

S.O. 7th C.S.,
S.O. 4th
L.C.S.

Captain D4 and
Captain D12.

Marksman - 1

Flags
and
S.L.

Sem.

L/T
Sem.

Raise steam for full speed

Sem.

Sem.
Sem.'

C.-in-C.

Admiralty
S.O. 2nd B.S.
S.O. 2nd B.S. -

L/T

W/T

L/T

Raise steam for 22 knots ...

j
j Available T.B.Ds. and Submarines prepare

fcr sea.
Reference screening groups, dated 29th May.

Group 8 will only consist of four Destroyers,

three from 4th Flotilla and one from 12th

Flotilla.
Will Cruisers and 4th L.C.S. be ready to

leave 9.30 p.m. ? Reply : Yes.

Report names of Destroyers detailed for
Group 8.
. Are all Destroyers returning ? Reply: All
j have been told to return, but as they were
spread I did not wait to collect them.

Nottingham, Nomad, Nicator, sailed for
dark night patrol.

Priority. How soon can you have steam
for 19 knots?

Leave as soon as ready, pass through
Lat. 58 15' N., Long. 2 0' E., meet me
2 p.m. to-morrow, 31st, Lat. 57 45' N.,
Long. 4 15' E. Several Enemy Sub-
marines known to be in North Sea.

1902

1856

1856
1900

1903

1900

1908
1918

1915

1920

1915
1930

X 12872

402

APPENDIX II.

Date.

tem ' Message.

Time

Time of

From

Despatch

Vt7lXla

Origin.

30 MAT

— cont.

7.30 p.m.

S.O. B.C.F. -

Nottingham -

W/T

What course did you steer after leaving

Isle of May ?
Reply : 63° for 10 miles then to 111°

1925
1948

7.35 —

Shannon

S.O. 7th G.S. -

Flags

2nd C.S. ready to proceed at 9.30 p.m.

—

7.36 —

S.O. 7th G.S.

Hampshire

Sem.

Can you move off at 9.30 p.m. ? Reply :

Yes.
Raise steam for 19 knots with all dispatch

1935

7.45 —

S.0.2ndB.S.

General -

Flags

and report when ready to proceed.

7.46 —

S.0.4thB.S.-

C.-in-C.

Flags

4th B.S. ready to proceed 9.45 p.m.

—

7.49 —

S.0. 1st B.S. -

C.-in-C.

Sem.

1st B.S. will be ready to proceed at 9.45 p.m.

1945

7.50 —

S.O. 2ndB.S.

General

Flags

Unmoor, weigh western anchor. Shorten
in to three shackles.

—

7.50 —

C.-in-C.

Commodore F.

Tel.

T.B.Ds. for B.Cs. Cruisers and 1st B.S.
to meet squadrons off Swona. Those for
4th B.S. off Hoxa obstruction. B.Cs.
will be leaving at 9 p.m.

1945

7.50 —

Oak -

Castor -

W/T

Ready to proceed . . . . .

1935

7.54 —

Leda -

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

Request instructions ....

1930

7.55 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Leda

W/T

Priority. Proceed and sweep Y Channel
from Isle of May. Look out for signals
to clear fleet, which will be sailing about
9.30 p.m. Ascot out of action. Paddle
steamers will not join you.

1947

7.55 —

Commodore F.

Captains Di
and D12.

Sem.

Inform Group 8 that the group consists of
Owl, Midge, Hardy, Mischief. They are
to meet 2nd G.S. outside Hoxa when fleet
proceeds.

1952

7.55 —

Admiral Supt.
Glasgow.

Commodore F.

Tel.

With reference to your message 1450,
Napier and Mameluke will not be com-
pleted until to-morrow, Wednesday.
Will sail 1st June.

1805

7.57 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

Kempenfelt -

Tel.

Direct Moon to proceed to Peterhead to

fuel.
Unmoor, weigh western anchor. Shorten

195;1

8.0 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

B.Cs. 5th B.S.

Flags

and Engadine

in to three shackles.

8.0 —

C.-in-C.

General

Sem.

Until further orders Royal Oak, Fleet No.
10, Superb 11, Canada 12, ships named
show Fleet Nos.

1930

8.2 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. 3rd B.CS.

Chester,
Canterbury.

Flags

S.O. 3rd B.CS. take Chester and Canterbury
under your orders.

8.7 — ;

S.O. 2nd C.S.

2nd and 7th G.S.

Sem,

Following organisation when signal Cruisers
assume 2nd organisation is hoisted.
1st Division : —

Minotaur, Fleet No. 1.
Hampshire, Fleet No. 2.
2nd Division : —

Cochrane, Fleet No. 3.
Shannon, Fleet No. 4.
In L.S. 1, Cochrane goes to A, Shannon
B, Minotaur, Hampshire, C.

2000

8.7 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Fleet will leave by D.T.3 method at 9.30
p.m., negative Royal Sovereign and
Menelaus.

8.10 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

C.-in-C.

Sem.

Following organisation of 2nd and 7th C.S.
1st Division: —

Minotaur, Hampshire.
2nd Division: -

Cochrane, Shannon.
In L.S. 1, Cochrane to A, Minotaur and
Hampshire C

2000

APPENDIX U.

403

Date,

Time of

Despatch

SO MAY ^:ont.
8.15 p.m. C.-in-C

8.15
8.15

8.15 —

8.15 —
(recd.)

C.-in-C.
C.-in-C.

R.A. Cyclops
R.A. Cyclops
General

8.17 —

8.17 —
8.20 —

Commodore F.\ Captains D4

and D12.
C.-in-C. - S.O.B.C.F.

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.O.SrdL.C.S

2nd C.S. and
7th C.S.

Commodore
Galatea.
S.O. B.C.F. - B.Cs. and 5th
B.S.

i.20— S.O.M.S.

8.23 —
8.25 —

S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. B.C.F.

C.-in-C.

L.C.S. and

Destroyers.
S.O. 5th B.S.,
S.O. 2nd
B.C.S., Cap-
I tains D 1 and
I 13.

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

I Origin.

Tel. Gate to be opened at 9.30 for fleet leaving
Tel. Light Groups I, II, III, from 10.30 p.m. -

Sem.

Sem.
L/T

Flags
and
Sem.
Sem.

Flags

W/T

Flags
Sem.

Fleet will leave to-night by D.T.3 method,
ships in close order. All squadrons pass
East of Swona and North of Skerries,
except 4th L.C.S., which is to go West of
Swona and South of Skerries. Routes
modified as follows : squadrons for route
A to pass through Lat. 58 47' N., Long.
2 37' W., squadrons for route B to pass
through Lat. 58 45' N., Long. 2 37' W.,
then all squadrons steer 84 . Routes to
be followed : Cruisers route A, 4th L.C.S.
route B, 1st B.S. route A, 4th B.S. route
A. Battlefleet will alter to 90 at 1.30
a.m.. Cruisers conforming. Rear sub-
divisions of battlefleet to remain one mile
astern of leading subdivision until day-
light. Cruisers assume L.S. 1 — 10, but
not to spread imtil daylight.

Group 7 to leave harbour 8.50 p.m. -

Admiralty telegram 1740.
Available vessels of B.C.F., 5th B.S. and
Destroyers, including Harwich Destroyers,
proceed to approximate position Lat.
56^ 40' N., Long. 5 E. Desirable to
economise Destroyers' fuel. Presume
that you will be there about 2 p.m.
to-morrow, Wednesday, 31st May. I shall
be in about 57 45' N., 4 15' E, by

' 2 p.m. imless delayed by fog. 3rd B.CS,
Chester and Canterbury will leave with
me. I may send them on to your rendez-

1 vous. If no news by 2 p.m. stand

I towards me to get in visual communi-
cation. I will steer for Horn Reef from

j position Lat, 57 45' N., Long. 4 15' E.
Repeat back rendezvous

' Have steam for working cables, 8.50 p.m. -

Have you got any orders about weighing

yet ? Reply : No orders.
Have steam for 15 knots athalf-an-hour's

notice. Have steam for 22 knots at one

hour's notice.
My position with 12 sloops 8 p.m. 58

30' N., 2 38' W. zigzagging in the

vicinity.
Have steam for 22 knots at half-an-hour's

notice. Have steam for 15 knots now.
Fearless and 1st Flotilla are to precede

5th B.S. out of harbour and screen them.

Champion and 13th Flotilla are to

precede Lion and 1st B.CS. out of

harbour and screen them. Two of 9th

Flotilla are to join 13th Flotilla.

Lydiard and remainder of 9th Flotilla

are to precede and screen 2nd B.CS.

C c 2

404

APPENDIX n.

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Timo of

From

Message.

Dospntch.

Origin.

30 MAY

— cont.

8.27 |).in.

S.N.O. Har-
wich.

Admiralty

L/T

Submarines Dl, D6, E26, E31, E53, E55,
sailed.

—

8.27 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

General

Flags

Proceed out of harbour in D.T.3. at 9.45
p.m. 18 knots.

—

8.30 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

Erin

Sem.

Collier will not go alongside you

2025

8.31 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

R.A. Inver-

W/T

Request gate may be opened by 9.15 p.m.

2019

1 gordon.

8.36 —

S.O. 2ndB.S. ; Kempenfelt -

Tel.

Gate will be opened at 9.15 p.m.

—

8.39 —

S.O.B.C.F. - C.-in-C.

L/T

Your 1937 has been received and under-

2030

stood. My rendezvous 2 p.m., 31st May,

Lat. 56° 40' N., Lone. 5 E. Your

rendezvous Lat. 57° 45' N., Long. 4° 15' E.

8.40 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

Captain D.,
Kempenfelt.

Tel. Arrange to screen both divisions of Battle
Squadron when outside. The two

2039

divisions will be four miles apart.

8.40 —

C.-in-C. - 3rd Sub.

Sem.

C.-in-C. will lead 3rd Sub. out

2031

8.45 —

Kempenfelt •

llth Flotilla -

Flags

Slip

—

8.50 -

S.O.Srd B.G.S

3rd B.C.S.,

Chester and
Canterbury.

Flags

Weigh

■ —

8.50 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

S.L.

Proceed out of harbour 9.30 p.m. -

2015

8.51 —

Commodore F.

R.A. Cyclops -

Sem.

Request main Switha Gate from 9.45 p.m.

2050

8.52 —

Admiral Admiralty
Chatham.

L/T

R.A.C. 3rd C.S. in Roxburgh, left Sheer-
ness with Devonshire for Swin Channel.

1943

8.52 —

C-in-C. - 1 S.O.M.S.

W/T

Fleet leaving 9.30 p.m. to 10.30 p.m.
steering 84° from Pentland Skerries.
Keep clear.

2038

8.53 —

Longhope - C.-in-C.

W/T

Duke of Clarence to C.-in-C. and Dundee.
Drifter reports sighted Submarine 5 p.m.

2025

S.E. by S. from Pentland Skerries on

surface, but submerged on Drifter

approaching.

8,65 —

R.A. Ist B.S.

6th Subdivision

Semi.

6th Subdivision are to be underway and
pointed to E. by N. by 10 p.m.

2050

8.65 —

S.O. l8t G.S. 1st C.S.

Sem.

Ships are to be underway and heading to

2055

Eastward by 9.45 p.m. without further

signal. Defence will go ahead 12 knots at

9.45 p.m. without further signal. Form

in single line ahead in sequence of Fleet

Nos. close order. Speed will be increased

to 14 knots at outer obstruction and to 18

knots just before reaching Whistle Buoy,

both increases by signal.

8.65 —

Iron Duke -

—

Remarks : 3rd B.C.S., Canterbury' and
Chester proceeding.

—

8.65 —

Commodore F.

Castor and
Captain D12.

S.L.

Prepare to slip 10.15 p.m.

—

8.55 —

Commodore F.

Captain D12 -

S.L.

Unless otherwise ordered Castor and llth

2050

Flotilla will follow 4th B.S. to sea and

therefore leave Gutter Sound last.

8.55 —

S.O.SrdL.CS

3rd L.C.S. .

Sem.

3rd L.C.S. will leave at 9.20 p.m.

2055

APPENDIX n.

405

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

80 MAY \~c<mt.
8.55 p.m C.-in-C.

S.O.lstL.CS.
C.-in-C.

S.O. SrdL.C.S.
S.O.SrdB.CS.

S.O. B.C.F. -
C.-in-C.
S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O.Srd L.C.S.
S.O. 1st B.S.

Commodore F,
S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.0.2ndL.C.S
S.O. Cruisers

All Ships

1st L.C.S.
General -

Engadine

3rd B.C.S.,

Chester and
Canterbury.
General

Admiralty

Ships in Com-
pany.

3rd L.C.S.

5th Sub.
Bellona.

and

C.-in-C.

R.A. Inver-
gorden.

S.O. 3rd L.C.S.

2nd L.C.S. -

Cruisers

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

W/T W/T organisation S. will be adopted
9.30 p.m. Ships addressed are to take
W/T guard on the wave length denoted
from the time specified until further
orders. Revenge Q., St. Vincent, Ger-
man interception. Benbow stand by S.,
Superb W., Hercules X.

Sem. I Be underway and pointed by 9.15 p.m.

Flags Fleet will leave by D.T.3 method at 9.80
p.m., speed 17 knots after passing ob-
struction.
S.L. ; 3rd L.C.S. will pass bridge at 9.35 p.m.,

form astern of Gloucester, 4th ship.
Flags I Form single line ahead in sequence of fleet
I numbers. Admiral intends to proceed at
12 knots.
Sem. Svimmary of N.C.I. Submarine,?. 50 to-day,

I 56° 17' N., 1° 30' W.
L/T j Priority. Fleet leaving 9.30 p.m. to-day,

Tuesday.

W/T ' Ships denoted to take W/T guard on wave

j length denoted at 2115. Lion S.D.X.,

! Princess Royal X., Queen Mary W.,

! Tiger Q., Indefatigable U.

Sem. Have steam, for 22 knots - - - •

F.L. Marlborough will slip from the buoy and
'' come to head of D. line ready to lead sub-
\ division out and will go ahead at 12 knots
■ on the Easterly course at 9.55 p.m.
S.L. All Destroyers returned. Screen for Battle

Cruiser Squadron leaving.
W/T ! Request Covesea Light may be shown
j from 10.30 p.m. to 11.30 p.m. ; Kinnaird
Light from 1 a.m. to 1.45 a.m.
F.L. Signal for steam for Light Cruisers and

Destroyers is cancelled by signal D.T.
Flags Weigh ..-----

Flags Weigh

S.O. B.C.F. - S. O. 5th B.S.- F.L.

S.O. 4th L.C.S. C.-in-C.

Sem.

Follow 1st B.C.S. out of harbour and take
station five miles astern.

Distribution A.B. completed -

Lydiard - j S.O. 2nd B.C.S. F.L. i Organisation of 9th Flotilla : —

1st Subdivision — Lydiard, Liberty, Land-
rail.
2nd Subdivision — Moorsom, Laurel,
Morris.

9.15— S.O. B.C.F. - Light Cruisers Flags
9.15— i S.0.2ndL.G.S\ 2nd L.C.S. - j Flags
9.15 — I Commodore F.: Mischief - S.L.

Raise steam for 22 knots
Turn together to S.E.
Proceed vnth all despatch -

2050

2055

2058

2058
2054

2047

2105

2052

2100

2105

2115
2115

2116

406

APPENDIX II,

Date,

Time of

Despatch

30 MAY

9. 15 p.m.

— cont.
S.O.SrdL.C.S.

S.O. Cruisers
C.-in-C.
Moon -

S.O. Cruisers

S.0.2nd C.S.
S.O. 2nd C.S.
S.O.SrdL.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 4th B.S.

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

S.0.2ndC.S.-

S.O. 4th L.C.S

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Rosyth

S.O.SrdB.C.S

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

R.A.2ndB.S.

S.O. 4thL.C.S.

Yarmouth

Cruisers
S.O. Sweepers
Peterhead

Cruisers

2nd and 7th

C.S.
2nd C.S.

Gloucester

S.Os. of Squad-
rons. All Cap-
tain D.'s in
company
other than
Port Defence
Vessels.

4th B.S., Royal
Oak, Blanche.

2nd L.C.S. -

2nd C.S.

C.-in-C.

3rd L.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F.

Srd B.C.S.,
Chester and
Canterbury.

2nd Division -

4th L.C.S.

S.L. What is delay in weighing i Reply :
Anchor came up foul of port cable. J had
I to let go again.
Flags j Turn together to E.

W/T Is the weather clear? - - - .

W/T I Inform Aberdeen and P.W.S.S. Arrive
I 10. 30 p.m. Require oil fuel immediately
I on arrival.
F.L. Assume 2nd organisation. Show fleet num-
bers. Reply : Fleet numbers — Minotaur
1, Hampshire 2, Cochrane S, Shannon 4.
Flags Comprise 2nd Cruiser Squadron

Sem. \ Minotaur vnll move off at 12 knots at 9. SO

! p.m.
F.L. Increase speed .....

W/T Pass N, of May Island, then steer 66^
Speed from outer gate 1 8 knots.

Sem. I Shorten in to three shackles at 9.S0 p.m.
Benbow will go ahead about 10 p.m. Blue
stern lights to be shown to-night, Tuesday.
Flags Form single line-ahead in sequence of fleet
': numbers. Admiral intends to proceed at
12 knots.
Flags j Form single line-ahead in sequence of fleet
I numbers. Admiral intends to proceed at
I 12 knots.
F.L. ' 4th L.C.S. ready to proceed -
F.L. Admiral intends to proceed at 12 knots

I
W/T ' Priority. From Naval Centre. With refer-
ence to my message 1940. Message
appears to be correct and is from Trident,
who was apparently in .56° 0' N., 1' 28'
W., at 8.15 p.m.

Sem. Srd B.C.S. is to be 10 miles ahead of Cruiser
line, Chester to be flve miles astern of Srd
B.C.S. , Canterbury five miles ahead of In-
vincible. Modified route B will be followed.
At dawn Chester tc be in visual touch with
Cruiser line. Canterbury in visual touch
i with Invincible. Speed of advance 1 7
j knots. Zigzag during early hours.

Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 19 knots

Flags Weigh

F.L. Weigh

APPENDIX n.

401

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From To

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

30 MAY

— cont.

9.31p.m.

S.O. B.C.F. - Lydiard

F.L. Slip and follow Light Cruisers. Wait for
; 2nd B.C.S. at outer gate.

' 2120

9.31 —

Nottingham - C.-in-C. and

W/T : Urgent. Trident reports attacked by Sub-

2120

S.O. B.C.F. -

marine, 56 N., 1 31' W., at 6.45 p.m.

9.34 —

S.OMhL.C.S. 4thL.C.S. -

F.L. Alter course together to E. by N.

—

9.35 —

S.0.2ndB.C.S 2nd B.C.S. -

Flags

Weigh

—

9.35 —

Cyclops - Commodore F.

S.L.

Switha main gate open - - - -

2136

9.38 —

S.O.Srd B.C.S. Destroyers -

Flags

Take station for Submarine screen now as
previously arranged by diagram No. 5.

—

9.38 —

S.0.3rdL.C.S.

Engadine

F.L. ISknotsafterpassingouter gates without

2136

further signal.

9.38 —

S.OMh L.C.S.' 4th L.C.S. -

F.L.

Form single line-ahead in sequence of fleet
numbers, speed 12 knots.

—

9.38 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

F.L.

Abdiel has been ordered to close yon

2130

9.40 —

Roayth

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

From Naval Centre. Intercepted message
from Hull received, indicates some
vessels were attacked by Submarine at
7.45 p.m., 30th,inLat. 66° 16' N., Long.
F 30' W. Message not clear. Am
obtaining verification and making other
inquiries.

1940

9.40 —

S.O. 2nd B.S. i 1st Division -

Flags

Weigh

—

9.40 —

S.O.Srd L.C.S.

3rd L.C.S. -

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 11 knots

—

9.43 —

S.O. 2nd B.C. S

2nd B.C.S ■

Flags

Point ship •

9.43 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O.s of Squad-
rons. All Cap-

W/T

Light Cruisers form L.S.6 on passing May
Island. Lion will steer 66'' from May

2126

tain D.s in

Island for 20 miles, then shape course for

company

Lat. 56° 40' N., Long. 5° 0' E.

other than

i Port Defence

Vessels.

9.47 —

R.A.2ndB.S.

2nd Division -

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 12 knots

—

9.48 —

Captain D4 - 3rd Division,
: Oak.

W/T

Slip

—

9.48 —

S.O. B.C.F. - W/T Guards -

W/T

Cease communication by W/T except on

2141

sighting the Enemy or replying to the

Admiral after passing May Island.

9.49 —

R.A. Inver- S.O. 2nd B.S.-
gordon.

Sem.

Following from Naval Centre, Rosyth
Reports. Submarine at 7.45 p.m. to-

2135

day, Tuesday, in Lat. 60° 27' N., Long.

1 4° 10' W. Ends. No further par-

ticulars.

9.50 —

S.O.Srd B.C.S 3rd B.C.S.,
Chester and
Canterbury.

Flags

Alter course in sticcession to S. 73° E.

9.50 —

S.O. B.C.F. . ; S.O. 2nd B.C.S.

F.L.

2nd B.C.S. maintain your station five

2160

miles ahead during dark and drop back

at daylight.

408

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of
Despatch

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

SO MAY —ront.
y.ilO p.m. S.O. B.C.F

9.50

1st B.C.S.
S.0.2nd B.C.S 2nd B.C. S.

F.L. Weigh

9.50 — Tron Duke - —

9.50 — Broughness - ; C.-in-C. -

9.52 — S.O. 3rd L.C.S.> 3rd L.C.S.,
1 Engadine.

9.54— S.O. B.C.F..

9.55— S.O. 3rd B.C.S

i
9.55 — Rosyth

9.55 —
9.55 —
9.55 —
9.55 —
9.55 —

9.57 —

9.58 —

9.5S —
9.68 —

9.59 —

10.0 —
10.0 —

Capt. D4 -

S.O. 1st C.S.

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

S.0.4th L.C.S

S.O.ithL.C.S.

C.-in-C.

S.0.2ndB.S.

S.O. 2nd C.S.
S.O. 4th L.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F. -

R.A. 2nd B.S.
C.-in-C.

l8t B.C.S.

3rd B.C.S.,

Chester,

Canterbury.
S.O. B.C.F.

3rd Division,'

Oak.
1st C.S.

3rd L.C.S. .

Abdiel -

4th L.C.S. .

8rd Sub.

1st Division •

Active -

4th L.C.S. ■

Leda

2nd Division

Ships in com-
pany.

Flags I Form single line-ahead in sequence of fleet
numbers. Admiral intends to proceed at
12 knots.
Remarks : 4th Sub. underway

Tel.
S.L.

F.L.

W/T

W/T
F.L.
F.L.
F.L.
F.L.
F.L.
F.L.

S.L.
F.L.

W/T

Visibility three miles

Flags Adm-iral intends to proceed at 20 knots

From N.C. Danish s.s. Robert from
Frederikshavn on 27th Inst., in 56° N.,
1° 42' E., reports that she sighted
supposed German Submarine steering
E., about 150 feet long, low forward and
aft, raised deck amidships, conning
tower on top painted grey, letter U on
bow — no number, guns fore and aft.
No periscope seen or other distinguish-
ing marks. Submerged on sighting fish-
ing trawler to the Eastward. At noon
in 56^ 29' N., 0° 26' W., Submarine was
sighted steering N. on the surface, too
distant to obtain particulars.

Form single line-ahead in sequence of fleet
numbers. Speed 10 knots.

Admiral intends to proceed at 14 knots

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

Abdiel take station astern of Royalist.

Speed 14 knots.
Admiral intends to proceed at 14 knots

Weigh. Point ship ....

Form single line-ahead in sequence of fleet

numbers. Admiral intends to proceed at

14 knots.
Leave room for four Destroyers to take

station astern of Shannon.
Abdiel lias been ordered to take station

astern of Roi/alist.
It too dark for sweeping to-night patrol

between 90° and 180° from May Island,

10 miles to the Eastward, and sweep Y

Channel at daylight.

Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 14 knots

W/T

Cease W/T communication except on
sighting the Enemy or replying to the
Admiral. W/T guards may use auxiliary
in case of necessity.

2145

From S.O. B.C.F. to S.O.s of Squadrons. 2150
Pass North of May Island then steer 66°.
Speed from outer gate 18 knots.

Point ship - - - - - - —

2155
2158
2131

2200

APPENDIX n.

409

Date,

Sys-

t©IXl

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch

Origin.

to MAY

— cont.

10.2 p.m.

S.O.latC.S.-

lat C.S.

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

—

10.2 —

Benbow

—

Remarks : Benbow underway-

—

10.3 —

S.O. B.C.F..

1st B.C.S.

F.L.

Form single line-ahead in sequence of fieet
numbers. Speed 12 knots

—

10.3 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

Erin

F.L.

Inform gate trawler you are the last ship -

2200

10.7 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

F.L.

Weigh

—

10.7 —

R.A. IstB.S.

6th Subdivision

F.L.

Form single line-ahead in sequence of fleet
numbers. Speed 12 knots.

—

10.7 —

S.O.dthL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots - | —

10.9 —

S.O. 1st C.S.-

Ist C.S.

F.L.

Alter course in succession to E. by N. - —

10.9 —

S.O.Srd L.C.S

3rd L.C.S. -

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

—

10.10 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

F.L.

Form single line-ahead in sequence of fleet
numbers. Speed 12 knots. Preserve open

—

order. |

10.11 —

S. 0.2nd B.C. S

2nd B.C.S. .

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots - I —

10.11 —

Commodore F.

General

F.L.

Slip -1 —

10.12 —

S.O.Sri B.C. S

3rd B.C.S.,

F.L.

Alter course in succession to S. 85° E. - —

■

Cheater and

Canterbury.

10.12 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

8th Group

F.L.

My speed 1 7 knots. I am passing North

— ■

Destroyers.

of Pentland Skerries.

10.13 —

S.0.4thL.G.S.

Narwhal

F.L.

I intend to pass you, leaving you on my —
starboard hand. Keep out of the way. i

10.14 —

Captain D12-

Commodore F.,
Captain D4.

F.L.

2nd C.S. just passed gate ....

2210

10.17 —

Commodore F.

General ■

F.L.

Form single line ahead 12 knots • - —

10.18 —

Caroline

S.O. dthL.CS.

F.L.

Steering gear has broken down. Reply : j —
Rejoin when ready. I

10.20 —

S.0.2ndB.C.S

2nd B.C.S. -

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots - j —

10.20 —

C.-in-C.

3rd Sub.

F.L.

Form single line-ahead in sequence of
fleet numbers. Admiral intends to pro-
ceed at 12 knots.

—

10.20 —

Owl -

Minotaur

•S.L.

Will you please give me names of ships in
2nd C.S. ? Reply : Minotaur, Hamp.

2215

shire, Cochrane, Sharmon, in that order. (

Are you S.O. of Group 8 ? Reply : Yes. {

10.21 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S., Ist
C.S., Boadi-
cea, Kempen-
felt.

W/T

Raise steam for 20 knots by 2 a.m. to-
morrow, Wednesday.

2221

10.22 —

R.A. 2nd B.S.

2nd Division
and Destroy-
ers.

F.L.

Alter course in succession to N. 79° E.

—

1©.25 —

S.O.UiL.CS.

1st L.C.S.

F.L.

Spread for L.S. 6 when May Island is abeam. 2220
Galatea steer 60" for 20 miles, then 79°.

10.26 —

R.A. 2nd B.S.

2nd Division
and Destroy-
ers.

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

—

410

APPENDIX n.

Date,
Time of
Despatch.

From

Sys-
tem.

Time

of
Origin.

30 MAY

10.30 p.m.

10.30 —

10.31 —

10.32 —
10.32 —
10.32 —

10.34 —
10.34—

10.35 —

— cont.
S.O. B.G.F. -

S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.O. SrdB.CS.

S.O.UtB.S.-
Campania
Commodore F.
C.-in-C.
S.O.ithL.G.S.
S. 0.3rd B.C. S

Commodore F,
Admiralty -

10.37— i S.O. B.C.F.

10.38 —
10.40 —

10.40 —
10.42 —
10.45 —
10.47 —
10.47 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.
Inconstant •

S. 0. B.C.F. ■
S.O. 5th B.S.
R.A. 1st B.S
S.0.2ndB.C.S.
Captain D4 -

10.50-
10.54-
10.54 — S.O. 2nd G.S.

S.O. 2nd C.S.
C.-in-C.

10.55— \S.0.3rdL.C.S.

1st B.C.S. ■
1st Division •

3rd B.C.S.,
Chester and
Canterbury.

5th Subdivision

C.-in-C.

11th Flotilla -

Blanche

4th L.C.S. -

3rd B.C.S., ■
Chester and
Canterbury.

Marne -

Commodore T.

Captain D13 -
1st Division •
Cordelia

1st B.C.S. -
5th B.S.
6th Subdivision

2nd B.C.S. and

Screen.
4th Flotilla,

Oak.

Destroyers, -
Group 8.

Campania

2nd C.S.

3rd L.C.S. and
Engadine.

W/T
F.L.
F.L.

S.L.
W/T
F.L.
F.L.
F.L.
F.L.

S.L.

L/T

W/T
F.L.
F.L.

W/T
F.L.
F.L.
F.L.

W/T

F.L.
F.L.
F.L.

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

Canterbury take station ahead five miles of
Invincible.

Alter course in succession to S. 3° W.

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knot^.
Ready to proceed

Stop engines, show no lights at all

Campania has been ordered to take station
astern of you. Show shaded stern light.

Admiral intends to proceed 1 8 knots. Keep

closed up.
Alter course in succession to S. 79" E.

I am stopped (Pass down line). Pa^s
through gate before stopping.

Eight Destroyers should be sent to join j
3rd B.S. in Swin after daylight. Re- ]
mainder of your force should be kept
at one hour's notice after daylight.

Admiral intends to proceed at 1 8 knots -

Alter course in succession to N. 78° E.

I shall steer N. 80^ E. for 1 hour and seven
minutes after May Island is abeam and
then alter to S. 82° E. without signal.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 ktiots

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

Alter course in succession to E.N.E.

Course for the night. Pass through Lat.

58° 47' N., Long. 2^' 37' W., and then 84°

until 1.30 a.m., then 90\
My course N. 80' E. Destroyers take

station five cables astern of Shannon

Take station astern of Blanche

Course N. 80° E. Ships in column to be
in open order. Destroyers take station
five cables astern of Shannon.

After passing May Island assume L.S.6,
East by South, North by East, Engadine
follow Falmouth and Yarmouth, who will
steer N. 83 E., 28 miles at 18 knots, then
S. 79° E.

2130

2230

2240

2213

2250

APPENDIX II.

411

Date,

Time of

Despatch,

From

30 MAY —conL
10.56pm S.O. 1st C.S.

l3t C.S.

S.O. 1st B.S. 5th Subdivision
and Faulknor.

S.O.SrdB.C.S. 3rd B.C.S.,
Chester and
Canterbury.
Broke -

Captain D13 -

S.O.s. of

Squadrons.
2nd B. C.S. and

Screen.
5th B.S.

1st B.C.S. ■

S.O. 10th C.S.

Captain D4

Flotilla.
S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. 2nd B.C.S

S.O. 5th B.S.

S.O. B.C.F..

Ebro -

S.O. IstC.S..
S.O. 1st B.S.
R.A. 1st B.S.
Commodore F.
S.O. 5th B.S.
S.O. B.C.F.-
Commodore F.
R.A. 2nd B.S.
Blanche
S.O. 4thL.C.S.
C.-in-C.

Commodore F.
Commodore F.
Falmouth

S.O. 5th B.S.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

1st C.S.

5th Subdivision
6th Subdivision
11th Flotilla -

5th B.S.

Fearless.
Captain D13 -

11th Flotilla -

2nd Division
and Destroyers.
Commodore F.

4th L.C.S. .

Admiralty

Mons

11th Flotilla '

Birkenhead -

Fearless

Ist Division -

Sys-
tem.

i S.O. 3rd L.C.S. Yarmouth and
[ \ Engadine.

F.L.
F.L.
F.L.

F.L.
W/T

W/T
F.L.
F.L.
F.L.

W/T

F.L.
F.L.
F.L.
F.L.
F.L.
W/T
F.L.
F.L.
F.L.
F.L.
W/T

F.L.
F.L.
F.L.

W/T

F.L.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

Alter course in succession to E. \ N.
Alter course in succession to S. 82° E.
Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

Proceed - -

Alter course in succession to E. by N.
Lion will be abeam of May Island at 0005
Alter course in succession to N. 82° E.
Ships in column to be three cables apart
Alter course in succession to E. by N.

Boarded Dutch s.s. Ngihok. to Belfast.

Green Customs Clearances. Allowed to

proceed. 59° 13' N., 13° 30' W. Course

247°.
Alter course in succession to S. 72° E.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18^ knots.
Alter course in succession to N. 83° E.

Alter course in succession to S. 83° E.

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots.

Keep closed up.
Alter course in succession to N. 76° E.

You should screen Lion and Ist B.C.S.

Admiral intends to proceed at 19 knots

Alter course in succession to S. 72° E.

Can you see Campania ? Reply : No, I

am asking last Destroyer.
Alter course in succeg.rion to S. 78° E.

11th Submarine Flotilla now ready for sea.
Submit Admiralty may give it orders as
situation develops. Inform me by " I "
method.

Can you see Campania '^ Reply : No

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

Falmouth will go 28 miles at 16 knots and
then increase to 18 knots.

One hour and seven minutes after passing
May Island course will be altered to 85°.

Alter course in succession to S. 72° E.
Course N. 83° E. Speed 16 knots -

412

APPENDIX II.

Time

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

30 MAT

— cont.

11.40 p.m.

S.O.B.C.F. -

Nottingham -

W/T

B.C.F. sailed. Lion will pass North of
May Island about midnight and then
steer 66^ for 20 miles. Light Cruisers in
L.S.6. Course will then be shaped for
56"" 40' N., 5° 0' E., speed of advance
18 knots. Take up your station on
screen at daylight. Destroyers join

2215

Champion, who is with me.

(Passed to S.O.L.C.S. for information.)

11.43 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S. S.O. let L.C.S.

F.L.

My course is N. 83° E., 16 knots till 1.10
then S. 79° E., 18 knots.

2340

11.44 —

Commodore F.

11th Flotilla .

F.L.

Mame and Manners take station on port
quarter. Michael and Mons close up.

—

11.45 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

5ih Subdivision
and Faulknor

F.L.

Alter course in succession to S. 78° E.

—

11.45 —

R.A. Inver-
gorden.

Admiralty

L/T

2nd Battle Squadron, Ist Cruiser Squad-
ron, Boadicea, Kempenfelt and nine
Destroyers sailed 10.15 p.m.

2220

11.46 —

S.O.SrdL.G.S.

Yarmouth

F.L.

Can you see Engadine ? Reply : Yes,
astern of us.

2345

11.52 —

C.-in-C, Ros-

Admiralty

L/T

Battle Cruiser Fleet, Engadine and De-

2220

yth.

and

W/T

stroyers sailed at 10 p.m.

(Received in Iron Duke 12.17 a.m.)

11.55 —

R.A. Scapa -

R.A. Inver-
gordon.

W/T

From C.-in-C. Rosyth for C.-in-C. Trident
reports attacked at 7.45 p.m. by Sub-
marine 56° 17' N., 1° 30' W.

2145

11.58 —

Blanche

C.-in-C.

F.L.

Castor reports that Destroyers can see no
sign of Campania.

2358

11.59 —

C.-in-C.

Campania

W/T

Speed from obstruction 17 knots. Course
from Skerries 84° until 1.80 a.m., then
90°.

Alter course in succession to N. 83° E.

2816

12.0 mid-

S.O. BC.F.-

1st B.G.S. -

F.L.

night.

MAY 31st

12.4 a.m.

S.O. 5th B.S.

Fearless

W/T

Course from May Island abeam, 66°

2356 ,

12.5 —

S.0.2ndL.G.S.

Birmingham -

F.L.

Take position F - - - - -

—

12.9 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Champion

F.L.

Alter course in succession to N. 83° E.

—

12.10 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

Southampton,
Dublin.

F.L.

Alter course in succession to S.E. by E.
Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots.

12.11 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Champion

F.L.

I shall alter course at 1.15 a.m. to S. 81°
E., speed 18 knots.

0010

12.12 —

Naval Depot,
North Shields.

Admiralty

L/T

A.P. Vessels have been recalled into har-
bour by code word.

2140

12.16 —

S.O.ithL.C.S.

Caroline

W/T

My position, course, and speed at 11.30 p.m.
58" 44' N., 2° 33' W. 84°, 18 knots.

0000

12.20 —

Captain Dl -

Captain D13 -

W/T

Course 1 hour 7 minutes after May Island
abeam, 66° true.

0016

12.26 —

C.-in-C.

Destroyer
Screen.

F.L.

Alter course in succession to S. 78° E.-

—

12.30 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

F.L.

Alter course in stuxesaion to N. 83° E.

—

12.40 —

C.-in-C. Ros-
yth.

Admiralty

L/T

5th B.S., four ships sailed at 10.40 p.m. -
{Passed to C.-in-C. by Interception. Re-
ceived 2.31 a.m..)

2206

APPENDIX n.

413

1.26
1.30
1.30

1.30

— cont.

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

C.-in-C.

2nd i'c 4th
B.S., S.O. 4th
B.S., S.O. 1st
B.S., 2nd i/c
1st B.S., Iron
Duke, Cam-

S.0.2ndB.C.S.

pania.

2nd B.C.S. -

C.-in-C.

Cyclops -

S.O.SrdL.C.S 3rd L.C.S. -
Engadine.

C.-in-C. - S.O. 1st, 4th
B.S., R.A.
1st, 4th B.S.,
Commodore
F., Captain
D's. 4, 11, 12.

R.A. Scapa - R.A. Inver-
gordon.

F.L.

W/T

F.L.
W/T

F.L.

W/T

S.0.2ndL.C.S. Southampton,
Dublin.
■ S.O. B.C. F.- 1st B.C.S. and
Champion.
S O. B.C.F. - Champion -

1 — Commodore F. General -

C.-in-C.

Admiralty

S.L. I
F.L.
F.L.
F.L.

W/T

Course will be altered to 85^ true at 1.37 a.m.

without further signal.
6th Subdivision alter course in succession ' 0006

to 90 at 1.30 a.m. without hirther signal.

Remaining subdivisions conform. :

Alter course in succession to E. by S.

Order boarding steamers to proceed South 2888
of bearing 90 from Pentland Skerries
and burn navigation lights.

Alter course in succession to S. 79° W. . —
Speed of advance 18 knots.

At dawn Battlefleet form divisions line- 2856
ahead disposed abeam to starboard. \
Columns eight cables apart. Organisa-
tion number five.

A.18. For C.-in-C, following message ; 2216
from Aberdeen V//T Station. Begins— I
W.234 from R.A. Peterhead. Large Sub-
marine reported by motor launch, seen
stationary on the surface, submerged
11.15 a.m., Tuesday, 80th May, 57 10' N.,
0 40'W. Submarine reappeared 2 p.m.,
steering N.E. on the surface 57" 20' N.,
0° 40' W. Motor launch fired tvio
rounds, whereupon Submarine sub-
merged. Submarine was dark in colour,
two masts, very large conning tower.

Alter course in succession to S. 80° E. ; —
Speed 1 8 knots. j

Alter course in successioyi to S. 81° E. - —

Correct positions of screening Destroyers 0115

on port hand.
Admiral intends to proceed at 21 knots

S.O. 2nd C.S. Destroj^ers - F.L.
S.O. 2nd C.S. 2nd C.S. - F.L.

S.O. 3rd L.C.S. Engadine - F.L.

R.A. Scapa

Yarmouth

R.A. Inver- - W/T

gordon.
S.O. 2nd B.C.S. F.L.

R.A. 1st B.S. 6th Subdivision F.L.

and Marks- '

man.
S.O. 4th L.C.S.' 4th L.C.S.

Battlefleet is proceeding to 57"^ 45' N., ! 0122
4^ 15' E., B.C.F. to 56^ 40' N., 5 0' E.,
both by 2 p.m., to-morrow 8ist May.

Take station ahead of Minotaur - - —

Ships in column to be in close order -

Pass ahead of Falmouth ready to take up | 0121

cruising station between B. and C.

Falmouth is in C. Inconstant in B.
From S.N.O. Blyth to C.-in-C. Submarine ' 2880

Gl. Arrived 11 p.m. Nothing to report.
WTiat is position of Lion from you, please ? 0225

Reply : We are four miles ahead of Lion.
Alter course in succession to S. 73° E.

F.L. I Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

414

APPENDIX n.

Dote,
Time of

From

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time
of

De.qpatch.

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

1.33 a.m.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

lat Division •

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 19 knots

—

1.33 —

S.O. B.C.F. .

Champion

F.L.

There appear to be no Destroyers between
you and the one on my port beam.
You had better screen my port bow
until Destroyers are in station.

0132

1.35 —

S.O. l3t B.S.

Faulknor

F.L.

Alter course in succession to S. 73° E. -

—

1.45 —

R..4. Cyclops

Admiralty

L/T
and

W/T
W/T

Campania sailed . . - - -
{Received in Iron Duke 2.0 a.m.)

0120

1.47 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Form divisions in line-ahead disposed abeam

—

to starboard. Columns to be six cables

apart.

1.47 —

S.O. Cruisers

All Cruisers -

F.L.

Take up cruising disposition No. 1 distance
between X and Y, 10 miles, my course S.
73° E., speed of advance 17 knots.

1.50 —

S.O. UhL.G.S.

4th L.C.S. -

F.L.

Alter course in succession to S. 72° E.

—

1.51 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

Kempenfelt -

F.L.

Divisions in line ahead to starboard six
cables apart will be formed at 2 a.m.
Adjust screen accordingly.

0150

1.53 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

Boadicea

W/T

Take station-ahead one mile -

0152

1.58 —

S. 0.2nd B.S.

R.A. 2nd B. S.

W/T

My speed is 19 knots ....

0151

2.0 —

C.-in-C.

3rd Sub. and
Screen.

F.L.

At 1.55 course will be altered to S. 73^ E.
without further signal.

0135

2.0 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Destroyers

F.L.

Destroyers join their respective Cruisers -

—

2.7 —

R.A. Cyclopa

Admiralty

L/T

Iron Duke, 1st B.S., 4th B.S., less E. of I.
and Dreadnought, 3rd B.C.S., 2nd C.S.,
except Achilles, 7th C.S., less Donegal,
4th L.C.S., Revenge, Royal Oak, Bellona,
Blanche, Active, Canterbury, Chester,
Abdiel, Oak, Castor, Tipperary, Faulk-
nor, Broke, Marksman, 4th Flotilla,
nth Flotilla, 12th Flotilla sailed.

•
•

2.10 —

Benbow

—

Remarks : Sighted Ist B.S. ahead -

—

2.11 —

S.O. Jst C.S.-

1st C.S.

F.L.

Alter course in succession to S. H7° E.

—

2.15 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.O. 1st C.S. -

W/T

Spread as soon as you are clear of mine-
field. Keep 10 miles ahead of me. My
speed of advance will be 18 knots.

0201

2.17 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

R.A. 2nd B.S.

F.L.

Guides to bear S. 3 W. ... -

—

2.17 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Engadine

F.L.

Take up cruising position. I am going
to zigzag.

0215

2.18 —

R.A. 2nd B.S.

2nd Division -

F.L.

Alter course in succession to S. 72° E.
Speed 19 knots.

2.18 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Yarmouth

F.L.

Take station as repeating ship and report
position of Lion when sighted.

0215

2.20 —

S.O. Cruisers

All Cruisers -

S.L.

Zigzag when in station . . . -

—

2.20 —

R.A. Scapa -

R.A. Inver-
gordon.

W/T

From S.N.O. Aberdeen for C.-in-C. Moon
arrived.

2250

2.22 —

Yarmouth -

S.O. 3rd L.C.S.

F.L.

2nd B.C.S. bears W. by S. about three miles

0226

2.23 —

1^.0. 3rd L.C.S.

Yarmouth

F.L.

They are probably still five miles ahead of
Lion.

0223

APPENDIX n.

415

31 MAY —cont.
2.26 a.m. S.0.2nd C.S.- Hampshire

2.30
2.30

2.30
2.30
2.34

2.3-1

2.35

2.35-

2.35

2.36

2.30

: S.O. B.C.F.
S.O.SrdB.C.S.

R.A 1st B.S.
S.O. B.C.F..
S.O.SrdB.C.S.

SO. 4th B.S.

C.-in-C.
S.O. 3rdB.C.S.
S.0.2ndL.C.S.

S.0.2ndC.S.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.O. 2ndC.S.

General

3rd B.G.S..

Chester and
Canterbury.

5ih Division

General

3rd B.G.S.,
Chester and
Canterbury.

Porpoise

General

Chester

Southampton,

Dublin.
Hampshire

General

Active -

F.L.

Flags

Take your Destroyer unth you and keep
visual touch Minotaur C and Active at J.
Report bearing and distance of Iron Duke
as soon as you obtain it. Zigzag when in
station.

Alter course together two points to port -

0220

Flags Alter course in succession to S. 73° E.

2.37 — S.O. 3rdB.C.S.| Chester

2.38-
2.40-

2.40

Commodore F.
Shannon

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

General -
S.O. 2nd C.S.

3rd B.C.S., ■

Chester and

Canterbury.

Flags
Flags
Flags

F.L.
Flags
Flags

S.L.

F.L.
Flags

F.L.

Flags
F.L.

Flags

Alter course together one point to port

Commence zigzagging

Alter course together two points to port

Examine steamer passing on starboard side 0230

Alter course together two points to star- j
board.

Take station astern five miles

2.40 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

2.40 —

S.O. 5th B.S. ■ ' 5th B.S.

Flags

2.45 —

S.0.2ndB.C.S.

2nd B.C.S. -

Flags

2.45 —

S.0.2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

F.L.

2.45 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

2.45 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

2.46 —

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th Division -

Flags

2.47 —

S.0.2ndB.C.S.

9th Flotilla -

Flags

2.47 —

R.A. 1st B.S.

5th Division -

Flags

2.50 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

2.50 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. ,

Chester and
Canterbury -

Flags

Zigzag, speed of advance 18 knots.

open order.
Active on my port quarter

Assume

Alter course leading ships together the
rest in succession to S. 87° E.

Can you see Battlefleet ? You should be
in position J about five miles W. of us
and five miles ahead of Iron Duke and
in signal touch with Iron Duke.

Are you in touch with Cruisers 7 Reply :
No - - . - .

Ater course together two points to starboard

Please say what kind of zigzag you are doing

0235

0230

0230
0245

0240

Alter course together four points to starboard 1 —

Alter course together four points to star-
board.
Admiral intends to proceed at 19\ knots

Form in single line-abreast to starboard

Alter course together two points to starboard

Alter course together two points to port -

Admiral intends to proceed at 19 J knots-

Alter course together three points to port.

Speed 16 knots.
Take up Submarine screen as denoted in

diagram 8.
Alter course together two points to port

Alter course together four points to port

416

APPENDIX n.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

Sya-
tern.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

31 MAT

2.60 a.m.

— c.ont.

S.O. 2ndB.S.

S.O. 2ndC.S.

S.O. B.C.F..
S.O. 5th B.S.
S.O. 2nd C. S.

S.0.2ndB.G.S.
Yarmouth -

S.O. 4th B.S.
R.A. lat B.S.
S.O. IstB.S.-
C.-in-C.

S.O. 1st C.S.-

R.A. Jet B.S.

S.0.2ndB.C.S

S.O. 2nd B.S.
S.0.3rdB.C.S

S.O. B.C.F. -
Lion -
S.O. 5th B.S.
Commodore F.
S.O.SrdLC.S.
C.-in-C.
S.O. SrdL.C.S.
Hampshire -

S.O. 5th B.S.
S.0.3rdB.C.S.

2nd B.S.

2nd C.S.

2nd B.C.S. -
5th B.S.
Calliope

2nd B.C.S. -
S.O. SrdL.C.S.

4th Division •

5th Division -

Ships in Com-
pany.
General

1st C.S.

5th Division •
2nd B.C.S. -

2nd B.S.

3rd B C.S. ,
Chester and
Canterbury.

General

5th B.S.
11th Flotilla
S.O. B.C.F.
General

Nottingham
S.O. 2nd C.S.

Warspite

3rd B.C.S.,
Chester and
Canterbury.

Flags
F.L.

F.L.
Flags
F.L.

Flags
F.L.

Flags
Flags
Flags.
Flags
Sem.

Flags

Flags
Flags

Flags

Flags
Flags

F.L.
Flags

F.L.
F.L.

Flags
Flags

0247

0252

0245

Alter course together two points to port

Zigzag will be as follows : Two points each
side oj the normal every 10 minutes
counting from the hour. At the hour the
alteration will be to starboard, at 10
minutes past to port, and so on.

Take station on a line of bearing N. 9 E.
three miles. Speed of advance 18 knots.

Alter course together two points to port

What is bearing and distance of Iron
Duke ? Reply : Iron Duke is not
visible, am dropping back to close her.

Ships in column to be five cables apart

Lion bears N. 50 W. four tniles. As 2nd
B.C.S. are in the position I should be, I
am taking station ahead of them.

Alter course together six points to starboard-

A Iter course together three points to starboard ■ —

Alter course in succession nine points to

starboard.
Alter course together two points to port —

When L.S.I — 10 is made Warrior to B, —
Defence C, Duke of Edinburgh D, Black
Prince F. Zigzag ^ of a point each side
of course, when in station advance 18
knots.

Alter course together three points to star- —
board.

Admiral intends to proceed at 1 8 knots • —

Alter course together two points to port - —
Alter course together four points to starboard i —

Alter course together four points to star- i —

board. |

Remarks : 2nd B.C.S. in sight ahead, I —

5th B.S. in sight astern. j

Alter course together four points to starboard I —

Admiral intends to proceed- at 17 knots - —

Nottingham and two Destroyers joined up 0263

Alter course together two points to star- —
board.

Screen is in L.S. 6. I am in position C and | 0303

zigzagging. I

Active reports cannot see Iron Duke.

Reply : Drop back on beariyig West until i 0305
you get touch with 4:th L.C.S.

Take up appointed station

Resume the original course together -

APPENDIX II.

417

From

3.7 —

3.8 —
3.10 —
3.10 —

3.10 —
3.10 —
3.10 —
3.10 —
3.10 —
3.12 —

3.14 —

3.15 —

3.16 —
3.18 —
3.18 —

3.18 —

3.19 —

3.20 —

3.20 —
3.20 —
3.20 —
3.22 —

3.22 —

3.23 —

— cont.
R.A. 1st B.S.

S.O. 5th B.S.

S.O. 1st B.S.

S.O. 4th B.S.

S.O. B.C.F.

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.0.4thL.C.S.

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Lion

S.O. 5th B.S.

Nottingham

S.O. 1st C.S.

Calliope
S.O.ithL.G.S.
S.O. Cruisers
S.O. 2nd B.S.
S.O. 5th B.S.
R.A. Scapa -
S.O.SrdL.C.S.
S.O.SrdB.C.S.

S.O.dthL.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
R.A. 1st B.S.
\s.0.3rdB.C.S.

R.A. 1st B.S.
S.O. 4th B.S.
S.O. 5th B.S.

5th Division -

5th B.S.

Ships in Com-
pany.
4th Division -

1st B.C.S.

3rd B.C.S.,
Chester and
Canterbury.

2nd B.S.

Champion

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Armed Board-
ing Steamers

5th B.S.

S.O. 3rdL.C.S.

1st C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Cruisers

General

5th B.S.

Aberdeen

Yarmouth

3rd B.C.S.,
Chester and
Canterbury.

4th L.C.S. -

General

5th Division -

3rd B.C.S.,
Chester and
Canterbury.

5th Division -

4th Division -
5th B.S.

Sys-
tern.

Message.

Time

of
Origin-

Flags Alter course together three points to port -

Sem. Barham is using 10° of helm and not

increasing speed on the turn.
Flags Alter course in succession nine points to

I port.
Flags Alter course together six points to port

Flags Alter course together four points to port

Flags Alter course in succession 16 points to
starboard.

Flags Alter course together two points to starboard

F.L. 2nd B.C.S. are taking station three miles

on port beam of Lion.
S.L. I Iron Duke bears S. 60° W. - - -

F.L. Keep to the Southward clear of the fleet

Remarks : Nottingham, Nomad and Nica-
tor rejoined.
Flags Alter course together four points to port

F.L. What is bearing and direction of screen?

Reply : E. by S. and N. by E.
Flags Spread in accordance with cruising diagram

No. 1. Distance between X and Y

10 miles.
Remarks : Sighted two armed boarding

steamers on port beam.
Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots

S.L. Speed of advance 16 knots ...

Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots -

Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

W/T For C.-in-C. Moon completed with oU

fuel.
S.L. What is bearing and distance of Lion now?

Reply : N. 65 W. five miles.
Flags Alter course in succession 16 points to

starboard.

Flags Alter course together two points to port -

Flags Alter course together four points to star-
board.
Flags Alter course together three points to port

Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 18i knots

Flags Alter course together four points to starboard
Flags Alter course together four points to port
Flags ' Alter course together four points to starboard

m 12872

418

APPENDIX n.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

Sya-
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

81 MAY

3.25 a.m.

3.25 —

3.26 —

— cont.
S.O. 4th B.S.

Hampshire -

R.A. 1st B.S.

4th Division -
S.O. 2nd C.S.
5th Division -

Flags
S.L.
Flags

Alter course together seven points to star-
board.

4th L.C.S. S.W. 2\ miles. Have lost
touch with Active.

Alter course together four points to starboard

0320

3.28 —
3.20 —

S.0.3rdL.C.S.
P. A. 1st B.S.

Birkenhead,
Engadine,
Inconstant,
Southampton

5th Division -

S.L.
Flags

I am moving three miles to port to get on
my bearing from Lion.

Alter course together four points to port

0325

3.30 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter com-se together four points to port

—

3.30 —

S.O.SrdB.G.S.

3rd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

3.30 —

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th Division -

Flags

Alter course together three points to starboard

—

3.30 —

S.0.4thL.G.S.

4th L.C.S. •

Flags

Alter course together four points to starboard

—

3.31 —

3.32 —

S.O 2nd C.S.
S.O 5th B.S.

Hampshire
5th B.S.

S.L.
Flags

If you cannot get touch with Active endeavour
to obtain bearing and distance of Iron
Duke through 4th L.C.S.

Alter course together four points to port

0330

3.34 —

S.0.3rdB.C.S.

Chester -

S.L. Keep touch between Cruisers and myself

0325

3.35 —
3.40 —

3.40 —

S.O 4th B.S.
S.O.SrdB.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F.

4th Division -
3rd B.C.S. -

General

Flags
Flags

Flags

Alter course together six points to port
Alter course together four points to star-
board.
Alter course together four points to star-
board.

—

3.40 —

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th Division •

Flags

Alter course together five points to starboard

—

3.40 —
3.40 —

Porpoise
S.O.ithL.C.S.

S.O. 4th B.S.
4th L.C.S. -

S.L.
Flags

Danish steamer Danre reports that she
was boarded last night waiting for day-
light bound for Kirkwall. She was
fijdng black and white striped cone.
(Passed to C.-in-C. 4.10 a.m.)

Alter course together four points to jwrt

•

3.42 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S. ^

Flags

Alter course together four points to starboard

—

3.42 —

3.43 —

S.0.3rdL.C.S.

s.o.mL.c.s.

S.O. B.C.F. -
4th L.C.S.

S.L.
Flags

Engadine is in cruising station between

B and C.
Alter course together four points to starboard

0340

3.44 —

3.45 —

S.O.ithL.C.S.
S.O. 1st B.S.

4th L.C.S. -
6th Division -

Flags
Flags

Form single line-ahead in sequence in

which ships noiv are.
Alter course in succession to S. 73*^ E.

3.45 —

S.O 4th B.S.

4th Division -

Flags

Alter course together three points to port

—

3.46 —

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th Division -

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

3.50 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

3.50 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

3.5') —

C.-in-C.

Commodore F.

S.L.

Reinforce port wing of screen

0850

APPENDIX n.

419

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

81 MAY

3.50 a.m.

From

— cont.
Active

3.62 — I S.O. 5th B.S.
3.55— \ S.OMhL.C.S.

3.55 —
3.55 —

3.55 —

3.58 —

3.59 —
3.59 —

3.59 —
4.0 —

Galatea

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.O. 2nd as.
5th B.S.
4th L.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. .
Hampshire

Commodore F.\ 11th Flotilla

S.O. 4th B.S. 4th Division

S.O. 2nd B.S. R.A. Inver-

gordon.
S.O. 2nd C.S. Hampshire

S.O. 2nd B.S. R.A. Inver-
gorden.
S.O. 2nd B.S. General

S.O.SrdB.C.S.
S.0.2ndB.C.S.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
S.0.4thL.C.S.
C.-ia-C.
C.-in-C.
S.O. 4th B.S.
S.O. 5th B.S.
R.A. 1st B.S.
S.O. 1st B.S.
S.O. B.C.F.

3rd B.C.S.
2nd B.C.S.
2nd B.S.
General
4th L.C.S.
General
Destroyers
4th Division
5th B.S.
5th Division
6th Division
General

S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.
S.O.SrdL.C.S. L.C.'s and
Eneadine.
S.0.4thL.C.S. Abdiel -
S.0.2ndB.C.S. S.O. B.C.F.

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

S.L. In touch with 4th L.C.S. and Iron Duke,

bearing from Iron Duke W. J S.
Flags Alter course together four points to port -

Flags Alter course together to 'S. 72^ E. Speed
17 knots. Ships in column to be five
cables apart.

S.L. Have just been fired at by Submarine

S.L. What is Hampshire's bearing and distance
from Iron Duke ? Reply : W.S. W.
two miles.

Flags j Form single line-ahead. Ships to be in
open order.

Flags \ Alter course together one point to starboard

W/T For Moon. Join at 2 p.m. rendezvous ■

S.L. Repeat bearing and distance from Iron
Duke. Reply : Active bears from 4th
L.C.S. W.S.W. two miles. Active's
distance from Iron Duke five miles.
For 0303 Moon. Join me Lat. 57" 45' N.,
4° 15' E. at 2 p.m. to-day, Wednesday.

Sem. It is known there are several Submarines
in the North Sea. Two ships have
been attacked during the last 24 hours.
An especially vigilant look-out should be
kept.
Flags Alter course together four points to starboard

Flags Form in single port quarter-line, ships to

I be six points abaft each others beam.
Flags Alter course together two points to starboard

Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 19 knots -

Flags Caroline and Royalist exchange stations
in the fleet.

Flags Alter course together two points to star-
board.

Flags Form Submarine screen

Flags Alter course together two points to starboard

Flags Alter course together four points to starboard

Flags Alter course together three points to star-
board.
Flags Alter course together three points to star-
board.
Flags Alter course together two points to star-
and board.
S.L.

Flags Alter course together two points to starboard
S.L. Falmouth is in station now ...

S.L. Take station on port beam of Calliope
S.L. What is present course? Was signal
Blue 2 zigzagging? Reply : Galatea has
just been fired at by Submarine, have
turned together to S. 36 E.

0403

Dd 2

420

APPENDIX U.

Date,

Time of

Despatch

Sys-
tem.

81 MAY

4.7 a.m.

4.8 —
4.8 —

4.10 —
4.10 —
1.10 —
t.lO —
4.10 —
4.10 —
4.17 —
4.20 —
4.20 —

4.20 —

4.21 —

4.22 —
4.22 —
4.22 —
4.22

4.25 —

4.26 —
4.26 —
4.26 —
4.28 —
4.28 —
4.30 —
4.30 —
4.30 —
4.30 —

— cont.
S.OMhL.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F.

C.-in-C.

S.O. 2nd B.S.
S.O.SrdB.C.S.
S.O.ithL.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
Commodore F.
C.-in-C.
S.O.dtkL.C.S.
S.O.SrdB.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
R.A. 1st B.S.
S.0.2ndB.C.S.
S.O. 1st B.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
Hampshire -

S.O. 5th B.S.
CommodoreF.
R.A. 1st B.S.
CommodoreF.
S.O. Cruisers
S.O.ithL.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
S.O.SrdB.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. ' Flags Ships in column to open out to \ of a mile

S.O. 5th B.S. S.L. Port wing Light Cruiser Galatea has just
been fired at by SuVjmarine.

S.O. 4th B.S, S.L. Has 1st B.S. been in sight during night,
if so, what time? Reply : One point on
starboard bow at 2.10 a.m.

2nd B.S. - Flags Alter course together two points to port

3rd B.C. S. - Flags Alter coiirse together four points to port

4th L.C.S. - Flags Alter course together two points to starboard

Light Cruisers Flags Alter course together to S. 35° E. -

Captain D4 - Flags What screen have you ordered"! Reply :

JG9 adjusted for two cohwms.
General - Flags Alter course together two points to port

4th L.C.S. - Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots

Srd B.C.S. - Flags Alter course together four points to starboard

General - Flags Alter course together two points to port

2nd B.S. • Flags Alter course together tivo points to port

5th Division - Flags Alter course together three points to port

Destroyers - Sem. Screen in line-ahead ....

6th Division - Flags Alter course together three points to port

General - Flags Alter coxirse together to S. 81° E. •

S.O. 2nd C.S. S.L. Iron Duke bears W. by S. seven miles
from. Hampshire. This is based on
Active's reports that Iron Duke bears
W. by S. five miles from Active.

5th B.S. - Flags Alter course together to S. 81" E.

General - Flags Take station for Submarine screen No. 9 •

5th Division • Flags Alter course together four points to port

11th Flotilla ■ Flags Take up positions B — C — D—T, Castor

take position A.
Cruisers - S.L. Speed of advance 17 knots

4th L.C.S. - Flags Alter course together two points to port

Tiger, Sem. Tiger repeat all signals between Admiral

Barham. and 5th B.S.

Srd B.C.S. - Flags Alter course together four poiiits to port

General - Flags Alter course together four points to star-

board.
2nd B.S. • Flags Alter course together two points to starboard

4th L.C.S. • Flags Zigzag one point, first turn to port, con-
\ forming with wing ships.

APPENDIX n.

421

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

4.30 a.m.

Commodore F.

Captain Di -

Flags

Take up positions E — F — 0 — H. Please
arrange them.

—

4.32 —

S.O. B.C.F.

Petard,Pelican

Sem.

What is your station? Reply : Petard G,

0430

Pelican F.

4.33 —

S.O. 1st B.S. 6th Division -

Flags i Alter course together three points to port

—

4.35 —

S.O. B.C.F. S.0.2ndB.C.S.

S.L. Continue zigzagging ....

0430

4.35 —

S.O. B.C.F. Princess Royal

Sem. Lion has none of those signals mentioned.
Use auxiliary buzzer as requisite.

0432

4.35 —

S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.

Flags Form single line-ahead ....

—

4.37 —

S.O. 2nd B.S. Kempenfelt -

Sem. With reference to my 1955 of yesterday.

0434

Why has Moon gone to Aberdeen?

Reply : Moon was sent to Aberdeen in

0453

accordance with orders re ZX.

S.O. 2nd B.S. Kempenfelt -

Sem. Your 0453. Why did you send Moon to
Aberdeen when my 1955 ordered her to

0657

go to Peterhead?

Reply : — Following signal was made to

—

Moon. Proceed to Peterhead to fuel

2000.

Following reply from Moon. Signal 2000

—

received. I am proceeding to Aberdeen

to fuel 2040.

I did not countermand this order as I did

0700

not suppose there was fuel at Peterhead

and I knew there was at Aberdeen,

observing that Moon has had experience

at Peterhead.

4.37 —

C.-in-C. - Campania

W/T

Return to base

0421

4.39 —

Biarritz - Princetown

W/T

Operation complete ....

0410

4.40 —

R.A. 1st B.S. 5th Division -

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

—

4.40 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S. 3rd B.C.S. '■

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

—

4.40 —

S.O. B.C.F. General

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

4.40 —

S.O. 2nd B.S. 2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard

—

4.42 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S. Yarmouth -

S.L. What is hearing and distance of Liont
Reply : S. 84° W., 4\ miles.

0440

4.48 —

S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.

Flags i Alter course together two points to port

—

4.44 —

S.O. 1st B.S. 6th Division -

Flags

Alter course together three points to star-
board.

—

4.47 —

C.-in-C. - S.O.SrdB.C.S.,

W/T

I intend to steer South 50° East at 5 a.m.,

0480

S.O. 1st B.S.,

and

advancing 16 knots; conform.

S.0.4th L.C.S.,

S.L.

1 S.O. 7th C.S.,

' R.A. 1st B.S.

4.47 —

C.-in-C. - General

Flags Guides to bear North 40^ East from Guide

—

of Fleet.

4.48 —

S.O.dthL.C.S. 1 4th L.C.S. -

Flag?

Negative zigzag .....

—

4.50 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S. 3rd B.C.S. ■

Flags

Alter course together four points to port -

—

4.50 —

S.O. B.C.F. General

Flags Alter course together four points to star-

board.

422

APPENDIX U.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

I Time
; of
Origin.

31 MAY \—cont.
4.50 a.m. Commodore T.

4.60-
4.50-
4.62-
4.62-
4.69-
6.0 -
6.0 -
6.0 -
6.0 -
5.0 -
6.0 -
5.0 -
5.3 -
5.5 -
5.5 -
5.5 -

5.7 -
6.7 •
6.9 •
6.10
5.10
5.10

sao

6.10
6.11
6.15
6.16
5.15

E.A. 1st B.S.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
S.O. Ist B.S.
S.O.dthL.C.S.
E.A. 1st B.S.
S.O.SrdB.C.S.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
C.-in-C.
S.0.3rclL.C.S.
S.0.4thL.C.S.
C.-in-C.
S.O. 5th B.S.
R.A. 1st B.S.
S.O 1st B.S.
S.O.SrdL.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. 1st B.S.
S.O.ithL.C.S.
S.0.4thL.C.S.
S.O.dthL.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
S.O.SrdB.C.S
S.O. 2nd B.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. 5th B.S.
S.O. Cruisers
S.O.SrdB.C.S
S.O.SrdB.C.S

Admiralty

5th Division - ! Flags
2nd B.S. - I Flags
6th Division - ' Flags

4th L.C.S. -

5th Division •

3rd B.C.S. -

2nd B.S.

Marlborough -

Engadine

4th L.C.S.

General

5th B.S.

5th Division -

6th Division -

Birlcenhead -

Champion,
Fearless.

Calliope

4th L.C.S. ■

4th L.C.S. -

General

3rd B.C.S. -

2nd B.S.

Princess Royal

5th B.S.

Cruisers

3rd B.C.S. -

3rd B.C.S.,
Chester and
Canterbury.

Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags

S.L.

S.L.
Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags

S.L.

Sem.

S.L.
Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags

Sem.
Flags

S.L.
Flags
Flags

Urgent. No orders have been received
for Harwich force yet. Reply : Orders
are to remain at one hour's notice. See
my 22.

Alter course together 12 points to starboard

Alter course together two points to port

Alter course in succession 16 points to

starboard.
Alter course together 16 points to starboard

Alter course together 16 points to starboard

Alter course together four points to starboard

Alter course together two points to port

Are you in touch with Cruisers? Reply:

Yes.
I am dropping a mile. Do not get outside

your distance.
Alter course together one point to starboard

Alter course leading ships together the
rest in succession to South 50 East.

Alter course together four points to starboard

Alter course in succession to S. 50° E.

Alter course in succession 16 points to star-
board.

Pass to Southampton. Galatea was fired at
by Submarine 0350.

Use every endeavour to economise fuel in
Destroyers. Sudden changes in speed are
to be avoided.

Following received : My course at 5 a.m.
is S. 50° E., conform.

Alter course together 15 points to starboard

Alter course in succession to S. 50° E.

Zigzag one point, first turn to port. Con-
form with iving ships.
Alter course together four points to port

Alter course together four points to port

Alter course together two points to starboard

Are any messages intercepted, addressed

S.O. B.C.F.? Reply : No.
Alter course together four points to port -

My course S. 50 E. Speed of advance

16 k7wts.
Form astern and follow in the wake of your

divisional Guides.
Alter course in succession to S. 50° E.

0450

0455

0505
0500

0506

APPENDIX n.

423

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From To

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

5.15 a.m.

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Form single line-abreast to starboard on
Comus in sequence of Calliope, Con-
stance, Conius, Royalist and Caroline.
Ships to be five cables apart.

5.16 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

6th Division -

Flags

Alter course in succession to S. 50° E.
Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots.

—

5.19 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

Srd B.C.S.,
Chester and
Canterbury.

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 1 7^ knots

5.20 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

—

5.20 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

Srd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard

—

5.20 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard

—

5.20 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

Bellona

S.L.

Take up cruising disposition No. 1, 10 miles
from centre of Battlefleet.

5.20 —

Campania -

Cyclops

W/T

Preparatory signal for entering Scapa via
Hoxa Sound. One ship wishes to enter,
expecting to arrive Nevi Skerry Gate
8.45 a.m.

0502

5.20 —

S.O.dthL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. .

Flags

Speed of advance 1 6 knots

—

5.21 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Alter course together 1 6 points to starboard

5.22 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to starboard

5.26 —

S.O. Cruisers

Active -

S.L.

What is course of fleet? Reply : S. 50° E.

0526

5.30 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

— ■

5.30 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

5.31 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

5.32 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

Srd B.C.S. -

Flags

Form astern and follow in the wake of your
divisional Guides.

—

5.32 —

Hampshire -

S.O. Cruisers

S.L.

Active appears to be steering S. 50° E.

—

5.34 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

Srd B.C.S.,

Chester and
Canterbury.

Flags

Alter course in succession to S. 38° E.

—

5.35 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Alter course together 16 points to starboard

—

5.35 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 1 5 j knots -

5.36 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Speed of advance 1 7 knots

—

5.37 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Inconstant

S.L.

Can you see Engadine? Reply : Yes,
bearing E.S.E.

0536

5.40 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

Srd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard

—

5.40 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

5.40 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

5.40 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Speed of advance 1 6 knots

5.41 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

5.43 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

Srd B.C.S. -

Flags

Form astern and follow in the wake of your
divisional Guides.

424

APPENDIX n.

Date,

Sys-

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

81 MAY

— cont.

5.44 a.m.

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Hampshire

S.L.

What is Hampshire's bearing and distance
frotn Iron Duke ? Reply : N.E. by E.
7J yniles.

0542

5.45 —

Hampshire -

Active -

S.L.

What is Active's bearing and distance
from Iron Duke? Reply : S. 60" E.
five miles.

0545

5.45 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.G.S.,
Ghester and
Ganterbury.

Flags

Alter course in sticcession to S. 50° E.

6.45 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

—

5.50 —

S.O.SrdB.G.S.

Srd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together two points to port -

—

5.50 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

5.50 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard

—

5.52 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Engadine

S.L.

Keep within easy signalling distance

0550

5.52 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

5.55 —

S.0.3rdB.C.S.

Chester

S.L.

At 6.30 a.m. report what Cruisers are in

sight and their bearing.
Reply : Minotaur and two T.B.Ds.

0530
0640

1 W.N.W., Shannon N.W.

5.58 —

S.0.4thL.G.S.

4th L.G.S. -

Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots - —

6.0 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

i
Flags Alter course together four points to star- | —

board.

6.0 —

S.O.SrdB.CS.

Srd B.G.S. -

Flags

Alter course together J our points to starboard —

6.0 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to staiboard ' —

6.0 —

S.O. Cruisers

Gruisers

S.L. Speed of advance 17 knots ...

—

6.0 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

6.1 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard

—

6.3 —

R.A. Scapa -

R.A. Inver-

W/T

From Admiralty. For C.-in-C. Swedish

0306

gorden.

steamer Boren sailed from Philadelphia i
on the 16th May for Stockholm with
petroleum. Should be brought in if met.

6.5 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.L.

Are Cruisers in touch with 3rd B.C.S. ? i 0602

Reply : Not since 5.15 a.m. Canterbury 0622

1 and Chester were in touch till then.

6.10 —

S.O.SrdB.G.S.

Srd B.G.S. •

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

6.10 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

6.10 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

6.11 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

6.12 —

Moon -

R.A. Inver-
gorden.

W/T

Moon proceeding to rendezvous 57° 45' N.,
4° 15' E., 2 p.m.

0015

6.14 —

Felixstowe -

Admiralty

L/T

4.40 a.m. intercepted Maidstone from
Submarine E. 37. Arrive Cork L.V.
about 9 a.m. Have nothing to commu-
nicate. {Group corrupt.)

6.20 —

S.O.SrdB.G.S.

Srd B.G.S. -

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

—

APPENDIX II.

425

f Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

31 MAY

—cont.

6.20 a.m.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

A Iter course together two points to port

—

6.20 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.
Admiral intends to proceed at 19^ knots -

—

6.20 —

S.0.2ndB.C.S.

2nd B.C.S. .

Flags

—

6.20 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

—

6.20 —

S.OAthL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. .

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 15^ knots -

—

6.21 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

—

6.21-

Trident

Longhope

W/T

Arriving Hoxa Sound 6.45 a.m.

001 0

6.22 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Report Yes or No whether you can see
Battle Cruisers ?

Replies : Shannon — No.
Cochrane — No.

0620

0628
0630

6.25 —

S.O.dthL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots

6.30 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together Jour points to port

—

6.30 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

6.30 —

S.0.2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two jyoints to starboard

—

6.30 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

—

6.30 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Speed of advance 16 knots

6.30 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

6.40 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together four points to starboard

—

6.40 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

—

6.40 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course together tivo points to starboard

—

6.40 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

—

6.42 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to starboard

—

6.42 —

Defence

S.O. 2nd B.S.

W/T

Dutch steamer in path of Fleet, Lat.
58° 8' N., Long. 1° 44' E.

0624

6.45 —

B.C.F.

S.O. B.C.F. -

Coal remaining — Oil remaining —
Lion 3115 Tons 605 Tons
Princess Royal 3071 „ 597 „
Queen Mary 3148 „ 634 „
Tiger 3010 „ 793 „
New Zealand 2685 „ 462 „
Indefatigable 2745 „ 464 „
Falmouth 1150 „ 235 „
Birkenhead 1016 „ 323 „
Gloucester 1213 „ 235 „

6.45 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

6.48 —

S.O. 1st C.S.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

W/T

1st C.S. from left to right : Warrior,
Defence, Duke of Edinburgh, Black
Prince.

0635

6.50 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. ■

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

6.50 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

426

APPENDIX n.

Dnto,

Time of

Despatch.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

31 MAY \—cont.
G.oO a.m.' S.O. 2nd B.S.

6.51 —
6.54 —
6.54 —
6.56 —
7.0 —
7.0 —
7.0 —
7.0 —
7.0 —
7.2 —
7.5 —

7.9 —

7.10 —
7.10 —
7.10 —
7.10 —

7.15 —

7.16 —

7.20 —
7.20 —
7.20 —
7.20 —
7.20 —
7.20 —
7.30 —
7.30 —
7.30 —
7.30 —
7.30 —

S.O. 5th B.S.
Shannon
S.O.dthL.C.S.
S.O. 2nd C.S.
S.O.SrdB.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
S.0.4thL.C.S.
S.O. 5th B.S.
S.O. 2nd C.S.
C.-in-C.
C.-in-C.

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.O. 5th B.S.

Yarmouth -

R.A. Inver-
gorden.

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. Cruisers

S.O. 5th B.S.

C.-in-C.

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

C.-in-C.

S.O. 5th B.S.

2nd B.S. • Flags Alter course together two points to port - —

5th B.S. - Flags Alter course together four points to port - ! —

S.O. 2nd C.S. S.L. Chester bearing S.E. - - - • \ 0650

4th L.C.S. - Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 15^ knots • ! —

Chester - S.L. Are you in touch with B.C.S.? Reply: 0655

Yes.

3rd B.C.S. - Flags Alter course together four points to starboard —

General - Flags Alter course together four points to star- —

board.

2nd B.S. - Flags Alter course together two points to port - —

4th L.C.S. - Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots - —

5th B.S. - Flags Alter course together four points to starboard —

C.-in-C. - S.L. Your 0602. Minotaur now in touch 0700

through Chester.

General - Flags Alter course together two points to port —

All Cruisers - S.L. My course is S. 50 E. Take up cruising 0700
and disposition No. 1, centre of screen,
[ Flags 12 miles from Battlefleet.

3rd B.C.S. • Flags Alter course together four points to port - —

General - Flags Alter course together four points to port —

2nd B.S. - Flags Alter course together tivo points to starboard j —

5th B.S. • Flags Alter course together four points to port - —

S.O. B.C.F. - S.L. Trawler flying British colours, standing 0705

W.S.W. Brisbane H 252.

S.O. 2nd B.S. W/T Moon has sailed from Aberdeen 5.25 a.m. 0545

to-daj% Wednesday.

3rd B.C.S. - Flags Alter course together four points to starbaord ' —

2nd B.S. Flags Alter course together two points to starboard —

General - Flags Alter course together four points to star- —

board.

Cruisers • S.L. My course is S.E. Speed of advance 18 knots —

5th B.S. - Flags Alter course together four points to star- —

board.

General - Flags Alter course together two points to star- —

I board. i

3rd B.C.S. - 'Flags Alter course together four points to port - —

General - Flags Alter course together four points to port —

2nd B.S. ' Flags Alter course together two points to port - —

General ■ Flags Alter course together two points to star- —

I board.

5th B.S. - Flags Alter course together four points to port - —

APPENDIX n.

427

f Date,

Time of
Despatch.

From

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

31 MAY I— cow<.
7.40 a.m.! S.O.SrdB.C.S. 3rd B.C.S.

7.40 —
7.40 —

7.40 —

7.45 —
7.45 —

7.47 —
7.50 —
7.50 —
7.50 —
7.50 —
7.50 —
7.52 —
7.55 —
8.0 —
8.0 —
8.0 —
8.0 —
8.0 —
8.0 —
8.0 —
8.0 —

S.O. B.C.F. General
S.O. 2nd B.S. 2nd B.S.

7.40— S.O. B.C.F. \ Princess Royal

S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.

S.O. 1st C.S. 1st C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. Ships in com-
pany.

Warrior
S.O.SrdB.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
S.O. 5th B.S.
C.-in-C.
S.O. 1st C.S.
Chester
S.O.SrdB.CS.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
C.-in-C.
C.-in-C.
S.O. 5th B.S.
S.O. 5th B.S.

S.0.3rdL.C.S.
Admiralty -

3rd B.C.S. ■

General

2nd B.S.

5th B.S.

General

1st C.S.

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. ■

Kempenfelt ■

General

2nd B.S.

General

5th B.S.

5th B.S. - I

i
Inconstant

R.A.,EastCoast

and Naval
Base, Lowes- i
toft. I

Flags Alter course together four points to star-

\ board.
Flags Alter course together four points to star-

i board.
Flags ; Alter course together two points to port

Sem. j Am trying to get you on auxiliary reduced
power.

Flags Alter course together four points to star-
board.

S.L. Alter course in succession to East

Sem. Should fog come down or visibility be less
and I than two miles, L.Cs. are to turn to
S.L. course of advance and to reduce to
speed of advance. B.C. Squadrons and
5th B.S. will form astern of their Gmdes,
turn to course of advance and reduce
to speed of advance by signal. A general
signal as to course and speed will be
naade by buzzer as soon as possible.
Destroyers to take station as laid down
in G.F.B.O. Art. lie, para. 9.
— ' Remarks : Sighted Battlefieet

Flags J Alter course together four points to port

Flags ! Alter course together four points to port

Flags Alter course together two points to star-

I board.
Flags i Alter course together fo^ir points to port

Flags I Alter course together two points to port

Flags ; Alter course in succession to S. 87 E.

S.L. Invincible is about 18 miles distant from
Minotaur.

Flags Alter course together four points to star-
board.

Sem. Moon sailed from Aberdeen 6.30 a.m.
to-day.

Flags Alter course together four points to star-
board.

Flags Alter course together two points to starboard

Flags Alter course together two points to port

Flags Reference position at 8 a.m., 58° 28' N.,
1° 17' E.

Flags Alter course together four points to starboard

Sem. Attention is called to B.C. Orders No. 11,
readiness for fighting, which are to be
complied with.

S.L. Use Cordeha to divide the distance if
necessary.

L/T Auxiliary patrols may proceed out,
I keeping within 30 miles of coast.

0730

0725

07.^iO

0750

0755

0800
0805

428

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time

Time of

From

Sys-

Message.

Despatch.

tem.

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

8.t) a.m

Falmouth - Engadine

S.L.

Should visibility become less than two

0800

miles, Light Cruisers will turn to course

of advance and reduce to speed of

advance.

8.10 —

S.0.3rdB.C.S.\ 3rd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

8.10 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

8.10 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

8.10 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

8.1.3 —

Benbow, Cap-
tain.

Bellerophon -

Sem.

Our Gyro Compass has gone wrong, our
steering, I am afraid, is erratic.

0805

8.15 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. -

Flags

Resume the original course together -

—

8.15 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Resume the originsil course together

—

8.15 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

C.-in-C.

S.L.

2nd C.S. in assigned position -

—

8.17 —

Champion -

S.O. B.C.F. -

Flags

Yarmouth sighted Submarine on star-

board side.

8.19 —

Yarmouth - S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

Passed Submarine bearing N.E., course
unknown, steering N.

(Passed to S.O. 3rd L.C.S., 8.26 a.m.)

0810

8.20 —

S.O. IstC.S. S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.L.

Sailing vessels in sight, S.E. by E. and E.
byN.

0802

8.20 —

Warrior - S.O. 1st C.S. -

S.L.

Cruiser bearing N. 28° E. Light Cruiser
and Battlefleet bearitig N. 10^ W.

—

8.20 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. .

Flags

Alter course together 16 points to starboard

—

8.20 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

8.20 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to star-

board.

8.20 —

S.O. Cruisers Cruisers

S.L.

My course S. 50° E. Speed of advance
16 knots.

— •

8.20 —

S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to starboard

—

8.22 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course in succession eight points to

port.
Preserve compass bearings and distances

—

8.22 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

Chester,

Flags

Canterbury,

and Screen.

8.25 —

Commodore F. C.-in-C.

S.L.

Percentage of fuel in T.B.Ds. :—

0820

11th Flotilla 89, least 87 per cent.

12th „ 89, „ 88 „

4th „ 88, „ 85 „

8.25 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Indicate percentage of principal fuel re-
maining aboard at 8 a.m. Replies : —
King Qeorge V. 81 per cent.
Ajax 82
Erin 89
Orion 77 „
Centurion 77 ,,
Monarch 75 „
Conqueror 79 „
Thunderer 75 „
Boadicea 90 „
Kempenfelt 99

8.25 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together eight points to port

—

APPENDIX n.

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

8.26 a.m.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

Kempenfelt -

Sem,

Would 20 knots be an economical speed
for Moon to proceed at, and would
going two or three knots faster greatly
increase her expenditure? l<eply :
Twenty knots is economical but an in-
crease over that is not. Over 22 knots,
expenditure begins to go up very quickly.

0825
0830

8 20 —

S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. 5th B.S.

S.L.

Yarmouth ahead of Lion reported Sub-
marine,

0825

8..30 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard

—

8.30 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together 16 points to starboard

—

8.30 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

—

8.30 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers and

S.L.

Indicate percentage of principal fuel re-

—

Destroyers.

.and
Flags.

maining on board : —

Minotaur 74 per cent.
Hampshire 90 „

Shannon 92

Cochrane 91

Mischief 90

Owl 84

Hardy 80

Midge 86

{Passed to C.-in-C. via Hampshire

9.35 a.m.)

8.30 —

Minotaur

—

Remarks : Cruisers on starboard beam -

—

8.30 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

8.35 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

8.35 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.O. 1st C.S.

S.L.

I intend to steer S. 54° E. at 9.20 a.m. -

—

8.35 —

Minotaur

—

Remarks :_^3rd B.C.S. on port bow -

—

8.35 —

S.O. B.C.F.

Yarmouth

S.L.

Where is Submarine now?

0830

S.L.

Reply : Lost sight of periscope almost at

0835

S.O. B.C.F.

Yarmouth

S.L.
S.L.

once.

You hoisted green flag and then reported
Submarine on a bearing which made
to port of you, which was correct?

Reply : Bearing was correct, ship had
port helm on, periscope last seen astern
when flag was hoisted. Green flag was
supposed position of Submarine then a
little on starboard side.

0840

8.36 —

S.O. 1st C.S.

S.O. 2nd B.S. '

S.L.

Battlefleet bearing N. 10^ W., Cruiser
bearing N. 28° E., Light Cruiser bearing
N. 10° W.

0810

8.3G —

S.O. B.C.F.

Champion

S.L.

When you hoisted green flag what did

you see?
Reply : We were repeating Yarmouth's

signal and showed her pendants at the

dip. Champion saw nothing.

0832
0839

S.O. B.C.F.

Champion

S.L.

Reply : Pendants were hoisted in a posi-
tion in which they could not be seen.

0850

8.37 —

SImnnon

S.O. Cruisers

S.L.

Three Battle Cruisers S. 60° E.

0830

8.38 —

S.O. 1st C.S.

1st C.S.

S.L.

My course S. 53° E. at 8.50 a.m. Pre-
serve relative bearings and distances.

—

430

APPENDIX II.

Message.

Alter course together four points to starboard

Alter course in succession eight points to

starboard.
Alter course together two points to starboard

Immediate. Your 130, 30th May. Air-
craft from Felixstowe, Isle of Grain and
Westgate have returned from scouting.
Nothing to report.

For C.-in-C. Trident arrived and proceeded

Remarks : Sighted 2nd and 7th C.S. on
starboard quarter.

Alter course together eight points to star-
board.

My speed of advance will be 15 knots at
9 a.m.

Alter course together four points to port

Alter course together two points to port
Alter course together two points to port
Alter course together two points to port

Remarks : Sighted one Cruiser and one
Destroyer starboard bow.

Take up cruising disposition No. 1, dis-
tance between X and Y 12 miles. My
course S. 50° E. Speed of advance
1 6 knots

Am dropping a mile to keep touch -

Unit 42 of Peterhead patrol engaged and
sank, 27th inst., large Enemy Sub-
marine carrying two gims. No casual-
ties amongst our vessels.

Correct the station of Cruiser line -

Alter course together two points to port

Attention is called to amount of smoke
issuing from your funnels.

Have steam for full speed at half an
hour's notice by noon.

If convenient will you please exercise inter-
communication between control positions.

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

Alter course together two points to starboard

Alter course together four points to star-
board.
Alter course together two points to port

Take up appointed station

Economise fuel and do not exceed 20 knots

Time

of
Origin.

APPENDIX II.

431

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

31 MAY

9.5 a.m.

— cont.
C.-in-C.

9.5 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

9.6 —

Shannon

9.6 —

Commodore F.

9.8-

Turbulent -

9.8 —

Commodore F.

9.9 —

S.O. B.C.F.

9.10— ' S.OSrdB.C.S.

I
9.10— I S.O. B.C.F.

9.10- \S.O. 2nd B.S.

I
9.10— 'S.O. 5th B.S.

9.12— I C.-in-C.

9.13 — Centurion
9.13— S.O. 2nd B.S.

9.15 —

9.16 —

9.17 —
9.20 —
9.20 —
9.20 —
9.20 —

9.20 —

9.21 —

9.22 —

9.25 —
9.25 —

Marlborough
S.O. B.C.F. -

R.A. Scapa -

General

5th B.S.

S.O. Cruisers

Mame -

S.O. B.C.F. .

Mons

Tiger

3rd B.C.S. ■

General

2nd B.S.

5th B.S.

St. Vincent -

S.O. 2nd B.S.

General

C.-in-C.

Turbulent

R.A. Inver-
Gordon.

S.O. Cruisers C.-in-C.

S.O. 2nd B.S. ' General
S.O. B.C.F. I General
S.O.SrdB. C.S.I 3rd B.C.S. -
C.-in-C. General

Commodore F. Manners

S.0.3rdB.C.S} 3rd B.C.S.,
Chester and
Canterbury.
S.O. 1st B.S. ■

Bellona

S.O. 2nd B.S.

Sys-
tem.

Flags
Flags

S.L.

S.L.
Flags

S.L.

Sem.
Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags

S.L.
Flags
Flags

S.L.
Sem.

W/T

S.L.

Flags
Flags
Flags

Time

of
Origin.

0908

General

Flags
Sem.
Flags

S.L.

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots -

Have steam for full speed at half hour's

notice by 12 noon.
Sailing ship S.E. from Chester - - 0803

Too far ahead. Check your position with

Castor.
Turbulent sighted Submarine 14 points

from right ahead on starboard side.
Too far out ......

Did you pass Submarine report to BarhamJ

Reply : Yes.
Alter course together four points to port

Alter course together four points to port

Alter course together two points to port

Alter course together four points to port

Did you hear any Telefunken between 6
and 8 a.m.? Reply : No.

Light Cruisers N. by E., Destroyers N. by W.

Guides to bear S. 36° W. from Guide of

fleet.
From Bellona. 2nd B.S. bearing south -

What did you see when you reported
Submarine ? Reply : Very distinct
periscope steering south on port quarter.

For C.-in-C. 828. Weather reports at
6 a.m. Ramsgate, wind W. 1.5, Bar.
30.17. Rosyth, wind W., light, fine,
misty, sea smooth. Shotley, 7 a.m..
Bar. 30.20, temperature 69, wind and
sea moderate.

1st C.S. now joining Cruiser line -

Alter course leading ships together,
rest in succession to S. 54'"' E.

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

Alter course together four points to star
board.

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

Take up appointed station

You are ahead of station -

Admiral intends to proceed at 16\ knots -

I have had to stop my port engine. Expect
to be about an hour with starboard engine
only.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots -

0918

0910

0915
0920

0900

0915

432

APPENDIX II.

From

Sys-
tem.

Time

of
Origin.

— cont.
S.O. 5th B.S.

S.O. B.C.F.

Commodore F,
S.O.SrdB.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
R.A. Scapa -
S.O. Cruisers
Com,m,odore F.

S.O. 5th B.S.

C.-in-C.

Thunderer -

S.O. 5th B.S.

Comm.odore F.

Shannon

S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

Yarmouth -

S.O. 5th B.S.

Captain (S.),

Maidstone.

Commodore F.

S.O. 5th B.S.

S.O. 1st C.S.

C.-in-C.

S.O.SrdL.CS.
Commodore F.

5th B.S.
Turbulent

Michael

3rd B.C.S. -

General

Aberdeen

Owl

Manners

5th B.S.

General

S.O. 2nd B.S.

Valiant

Michael

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.O. 1st C.S.

3rd B.C.S. -

Yarmouth

General

2nd B.S.

S.0.3rd L.C.S.

5th B.S.

Admiralty

Manners

Fearless

1st C.S.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

Light Cruisers
Michael

Flags
Sem.

Flags

W/T

S.L.

Sem.

Flags
Flags
Sem.
Flags
Sem.

S.L.

S.L.
Flags

S.L.
Flags
Flags

S.L.
Flags

L/T
Flags

S.L.

S.L.
Sem.

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

Why did you hoist green flag if sighted on
port hand? Reply : It had passed to
starboard by the time signal was made.

Take up appointed station ...

Alter course together four points to port
Alter course together four points to port
For C.-in-C. Campania arrived
Examine sailing vessel S. by E.

When on normal course you should be
about 1,200 yards 7^ points abaft my
port beam.

Alter course together four points to port

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

Battlefleet bearing North by West

Attention is called to the smoke issuing

from your funnels.
What is your lettered position on diagram. ?

Reply : Position D.
Two sailing ships S.S.E. (Fro7n Chester) -

My speed of advance 17 knots

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

Is Light Cruiser line in correct station?
Reply : Falmouth bears N.E. four miles.

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

Alter course together two points to port

Lion bears W. by N. four miles

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

Four Submarines returning from Ter-
schelling have reported by W/T.

Distance should be about 1,500 yards, not
1,200.

Try and keep down smoke as much as
possible.

Speed of advance 1 7 knots

My course S. 60' E. Speed 16 knots,
zigzagging two points. Form divisions
in line-ahead disposed abeam to star-
board. Columns eight cables apart.
Reference position 8 a.m., 58^ 28' N.,
1' 17' E.

Am, keeping on port zigzag for an hour to
correct station.

You should be about 800 yards astern of
Manners when on normal course.

0925

0915

0929
0925

0940

0935

APPENDIX II.

Date,

[
tem! Message.

Time

Time of

From

Despatch.

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

U.oO a.m.

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to port -

9.50 —

S.O.Srd B.C.S.

Chester -

S.L.

Are you in touch with fleet? -

Reply : With Armoured Cruiser line only .

0950
1007

y.50 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. ■

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

9.. 50 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to jjort

—

9.oO —

S.O. 2nd B.;S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard

—

9.50 —

Engadino

S.0.3rd L.C.S.

S.L.

Sea suitable for getting off but not for
landing, but imjjossible to distinguish
where mist ends and water begins in
coming down to sea. Will be alright if
horizon clears.

(Passed to S.O. B.C.F. via Yarynouth at
11 a.m.)

0945

9..30 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

. —

9.50 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.O. 1st C.S.

S.L.

2nd C.S. disposed as follows : Minotaur
(Flag), Hampshire position C, Shan-
non B, Cochrane A. Request dispo.sition
1st C.S.

0950

9.55 —

Chester

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.L.

Steamer S. ^ W. from Chester

0940

lO.O —

S.0.3rdB.C.S.

Chester

S.L.

Ask Minotaur for bearing of Iron Duke? -
Reply : Iron Duke bears N. 65° W.
13 miles from Minotaur. Minotaur
bears S.W. eight miles from Chester.

1000
1025

10.0 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. .

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

—

10.0 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

lO.O —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

10.0 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to port -

—

10.0 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

lO.O —

S.O. B.C.F.

1st B.C.S. ■

Flags

Attention is called, to the smoke issuing
from, your funnels.

—

10. 1 —

Shannon

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.L.

Have ordered Hardy to board sailing vessel.
If suspicious, to send crew below while
fleet passes and send her in.

1000

10.5 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

General

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 1 7 knots -

—

10.5 —

S.O. B.C.F.

Light Cruisers

S.L.

Take up cruising disposition No. 6. Centre
to bear E. by S. Line of direction N.E.

—

10.5 —

C.-in-C.

Cruisers

Flags

Take up cruising disposition No. 1. Centre
of screen to be 10 miles from Battlefieet.

—

0.7 —

S.O. Cruisers

C.-in-C.

S.L.

Three small sailing trawlers ahead of
Fleet. They are being examined by
Destroyers.

0925

0.10 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. .

Flags

Alter course together four points to port •

—

0.10 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard

—

0.10 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

X 12872

£ e

434

APPENDIX n.

Date,
Time of

From

Sys-

f,Arn

Message.

Time
of

Despatch.

i«t?iii>

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

10.10 a.m.

S.O. B.C.F.

5th B.S. and
2nd B.C.S.

Flags

5th B.S. take station on compass bearing
N.W. five miles. 2nd B.C.S. take station
on compass bearing N.E. three miles.

10.10 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

AUer course together four points to port

—

10.10 —

S.O. .'ith B.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

Can you inform me what speed Lion is
going through the water to make speed
of advance 18 knots? Reply : 19^ knots.

1000

10.11 —

S.O.ZndB.C.S.

2nd B.C.S. -

Flags

Resume the original course together -

—

10.12 —

S.N.O. Har-
wich.

Admiralty

L/T

Following reconnaissance carried out from
Felixstowe : (1) E.S.E. 45 miles turning
N., returned over middle buoy Inner
Gabbard ; (2) Steered S.S.E. 2^ hours ;

(3) Steered E. for about GO miles ;

(4) Steered S. 40° E. one hour. Nothing
to report.

10.15 —

S.O. Ist C.S.

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.L.

1st C.S. are in cruiser disposition No. 1.
Distance between X and Y 10 miles on
2nd B.S. Warrior, Defence, Duke of
Edinburgh, Black Prince at B, C, D, F
respectively.

1000

10.15 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. of
Cruisers.

S.L.

Report sequence of Cruisers -

1010

10.15 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.,

via Calliope.

C.-in-C.

S.L.

2nd B.S. in sight bearing from Minotaur
S.W. by W., eight miles.

{Not passed to C.-in-C. by Calliope,
vide 1007.)

1010

10.15 —

Calliope

C.-in-C.

S.L.

2nd B.S. bearing S.S.E. - , •

1007

10.18 —

S.0.3rdL.C.S.

Yarmouth

S.L.

What is bearing and distance of Lion"!
Reply : West four miles - - - -

1010
1025

10.19 —

S.0.2ndB.C.S.

2nd B.C.S. -

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

—

10.20 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. •

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

—

10.20 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

—

10.20 —

Bellona

S.O. 1st B.S.

S.L.

Port engine correct . - - - -

■ —

10.20 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course together three points to port

—

10.20 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

—

10.20 —

Admiralty -

Captain S.
Titania,
Blyth.

L/T

Send one Destroyer and four Submarines
to Lat. 54° 30' N., Long. 4° 0' E., to
wait orders by wireless. Above position
will be called rendezvous 01, and Sub-
marines may be ordered to new posi-
tions described by true bearing and dis-
tance from it. In absence of further
orders Destroyer and Submarines should
return after being 24 hours at rendezvous.

10.24 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

S.L.

If 2nd Battle Squadron comes in from ahead
alter course as necessary to starboard to
clear, without waiting for a turning signal.

1020

10.27 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to starboard.

—

10.30 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

10.30 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

APPENDIX 11.

435

31 MAY —coyxt.

1(1. SO a.m. S.O. 2nd B.S. i 2nd B.S.

10.30 — C.-in-C. - General

10.30— S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.

10.35— S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.

10.39— S.O.lstC.S. IstC.S.

S.O. B.C.F.
S.O.SrdB.C.S.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
C.-in-C.
S.O. 5th B.S.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
Nottingham -
Minion
S.O. 2nd B.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. B.C.F.
Engadine
S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.O.SrdB.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
Benbow
S.O. Cruisers
S.O. 5th B.S.
C.-in-C.
Yarmouth -
S.O. 2nd B.S.
Shannon

General

3rd B.C'.S. ■

2nd B.S.

St. Vincent •

5th B.S.

Mystic -

S.0.2nd.L.C.S.

S.O. 2nd B.S.,
Kempenfelt.
Boadicea

Champion

Onslow

S.O. B.C.F. •

General

3rd B.C.S. .
General
2nd B.S.

Cruisers

5th B.S.

General

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

S.O. Cruiser -

Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags
S.L.

Flags
Flags
Flags

S.L.
Flags
Flags

S.L.
W/T
Sem.

S.L.
Flags

Flags
Flags
Flags

S.L.
Flags
Flags

S.L.
Flags

S.L.

Alter course together three points to star-
board.

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

Alter course together four points to port

Admiral intends to proceed at 19\ knots -

Spread in accordance with cruising diagram
No. 1, distance between X and Y 10 miles,
on C.-in-C, whose course is S. 50" E.,
16 knots. Zigzag two points. Defence
and Warrior at D, Duke of Edinburgh
at F, Black Prince at 0.

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

Alter course together four points to port

Keep a sharp look-out for Telehinken in
about half an hour's time.

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

Close Boadicea .....

/ am closing in • • . . .

Mine in sight ......

Examine strange ship bearing E.S.E.

Am sending a Destroyer to assist you.

Am sending Destroyer to examine trawler

Investigate strange ship passing through

fleet and report results.
Trawler flying Dutch colours trawhng

Alter course leading ships together the
rest in succession, to S. 50° E. Columns
to be eight cables apart.

Alter course together four points to port

Alter course together four pdints to port

Alter course together four points to star-
board.
Remarks : 2nd B.S. ahead

Alter course together 32 points to starboard

Alter course together four points to port

Alter course together two points to port

Name of trawler Arie ....

Guides to bear on starboard beam of

Guide of fleet.
Chester reports steamer S.S.E. ...

E e 2

436

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of
Despatch

Message.

31 MAY —cont.

1 1 . U a in. iS.O. SrdB.C.S. \ 3rd B.C.S.

11.0 —
11.0 —
11.2 —
11.2 —
11.5 —
11.5 —
11.5 —
11.5 —
11.5 —
11. lo-
ll.lo-
ll.10—

11. lo-
ll.10—

General
2nd B.C.S.
S.O. 2nd B.S. } General
S.O. Ist C.S. S.O. 2nd C.S.

11.0 - S.O. B.C.F.
II.O— S.0.2ndB.C.S.
11.0-
11.0-

11.0— Owl - - I S.O. 2nd C.S.
11.0— 2nd L.C.S. - S.O. B.C.F.

C.-in-C.

S.O. 5th B.S.

Shannon

S.O.ithL.C.S.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.0.4thL.C.S.

S.O. 5th B.S.

S.0.4thL.C.S.

C.-in-C.

S.O. SrdB.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F.

S.O.ithL.C.S.
Cammodore F.

11.10— S.O. 2nd C.S.

1.10
11.11

S.O. 5th B.S.
C.-in-C.

General

5th B.S.

S.O. 2nd C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

General

4th L.C.S. -

5th B.S.

Abdiel -

General

3rd B.C.S. -

General

4th L.C.S. ■
11th Flotilla -

S.O. 1st C.S. -

5th B.S.
S.O. 2nd B.S.

Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags
S.L.

S.L.
S.L.

12 Tons 240 Tons
14 „ 255 „
10 „ 186 „

Flags

S.L.

Flags

Sem.

Flags

Flags
Flags

S.L.

Flags
S.L.

Alter course together four pointa to star-
board.
Alter course together four points to star-
board.
Admiral intends to proceed at 19^ knots -
{Commenced zigzagging with Lion)
Alter cour&e together eight points to port

1st C.S. disposed as follows : Defence
and Warrior at D, Duke of Edinburgh
at F, Black Prince at G. WTiat is your
speed of advance?
Three Dutch fishing vessels from Schis-
nengen. All correct.

Coal Water Oil

remaining, remaining, remaining.
8 a.m. : —
Southampton —

1,105 Tons.
Dublin—

1,190 „
Nottingham —

953
Birmingham —

1,099 „ 15 „ 211 „

Alter course together two points to star-
board.
Alter course together four points to star-
board.
Steainer flying Dutch colours -

Admiral intends to proceed at 16\ knots -

Alter course together eight points to port

Thunderer take Guide of fleet

Alter course together two points to star-
board.
Alter course together four points to port

Keep clear of 2nd B.S. ....

Alter course together two points to port

Alter course together four points to port

Alter course together ttvo points to port

Assutne 2nd organisation screen in J G 9
1st Div. A, B, C, T positions, 2nd Div.
F, O, H, U.

Flag of V..4.Crui8er8 was hauled down last
night. 2nd and 7th C.S. have been
amalgamated and form 2nd C.S. Flag
flying in Minotaur.

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

Flagship is on normal course now

APPENDIX II.

437

Time
! of
lOrigin.

31 MAY \—c<mt.

11.11 a.m. S.O. 2ndC.S. S.O. let C.S.

Boadicea

S.O. 2nd B.S.

11.15— I S.O. 2nd B.S. , 2nd B.S.

I 1

11.15 — ! S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.

I I

11.18 — Commodore F.\ Kempenfelt

11.18— , S.O. ithL.G.S. 4th L.G.S.

1 1. 19 _ j S.O. 2nd B.S. Thunderer

11.19— S.O. 2nd C.S. ; C.-in-C.

S.O.SrdB.C.S. 3rd B.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F. General

S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.
St. Vincent - C.-in-C.

Commodore F.

Iron Duke -

Admiral,
Devonport.

C.-in-C.

Engadine
S.O.SrdB.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
C.-in-C.
Commodore F.
Shannon

Boadicea

Admiralty

S.O. 2nd B.S.
2nd B.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -
3rd B.C.S. ■
General
General

Captain D4 ■
S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.L. I My course S. 50° E., speed of advance
! 15 knots.

I S.L. i Dutch trawler Cleara Vlaardinger out
since May Ist. No W/T or pigeons.
Flags Alter course together 16 points to starboard

\ Flags Alter course together four points to port

Flags , Takestation 1,000 yards ahead of position I

S.L. Carry on zigzagging ....

i Sem. Haul doum 4 Pendant ....

I [

i S.L. Disposition of Cruisers : Cochrane at A,
Shannon at B, Minotaur and Hampshire
at C, Defence and Warrior at D, Duke
of Edinburgh at F, Black Prince at G.

Flags Alter course together six poi^its to starboard

Flags Alter covirse together four points to star-
board.

Flags Alter course together four points to star-
board.
S.L. Following signal intercepted on W.L. 2300
without caU sign, in plain language, in
English. Begins : Couphng is 3 inches.
Spark is good. We have had a httle
engine trouble, but it is running well now
at 1900 R.P. 17. Clouds are numerous
and rather low. The W.L. by station
i tests is 425 metres. We hope you are
receiving our signals clearly. Engine
and set working very well. Extra
column " Daily Mail." The Northum-
berland magistrates at Newcastle yester-
day decided to refer Berwick for com-
pensation. No. Ends. Note very high.
Strength 5.

S.L. What position are you taking? Reply :
One mile ahead of King George V.
Remarks : 2nd B.S. in station

L/T Australia sailed with escort
and (Received in Iron Duke 12.30 p.m., in
W/T Lion 12.40 p.m.)
S.L. Have you sent any T.B.Ds. with 1st C.S.?

Reply : No, as I was so short.
Flags Manoeuvre well executed

S.L. Conditions suitable for large and small

, machines.
Flags Alter course together three-quarters of a

point to port.
Flags , Alter course together four points to port

Flags Alter course together two points to star-
board.

Flags Am occupying positions up to L inclusive

and not position S.
S.L. Frmn Hardy, boarding report. Industrie,
fishing vessel of Rotterdam, not suspicious.
\ Hardy now dealing unth Dutch traivler.

438

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

Sys
tern.

Time

o*
Origin.

31 MAY

11.30 a.m.

— cont.
S.O. 5th B.S.

Queen Mary

Onslow

S.O. 1st C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.

Shannon

Shannon
Shannon
Kenipenfelt -
S.O. 2nd B.S.

C.-in-C.

S.O.SrdB.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. 5th B.S.
Commodore F.

Revenge

S.O.SrdB.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
Shannon
C.-in-C.
S.O. 5th B.S
Shannon
St. Vincent -

5th B.S.
S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. B.C.F. -

Warrior
Onslow -

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Commodore F.

C.-in-C. and
Commodore F.

St. Vincent -

3rd B.C.S. •
General
5th B.S.
Destroyers

C.-in-C.
3rd B.C.S. -
General
S.O. 2nd C.S.
General
5th B.S.
S.O. 2nd C.S.
C.-in-C.

Flags Alter course together four points to port

Sem.

Sem.
and
S.L.

Flags

S.L.

S.L.
S.L.
S.L.
S.L.

S.L.

Flags
Flags
Flags
Sem.

S.L.
Flags
Flags

S.L.

Following received : Long Hope to S.O.

10th C.S., code time 1045. With reference

to Admiralty message timed 0305, Borden

has arrived at Kirkwall.
She was Dutch iron-built ketch Arie

Holland, port of registry Maaslins,

letters K N P.
Take station astemjive cables -

How many men did she have on board?

— they appeared very numerous. Reply :

16, which is about the number I have

always found.
Dutch trawler N. W. is not clear of the

fleet. Hardy has orders to send crew

below if required.
Two small sailing vessels bearing S. and

S.S. W. from Chester.
Sailing ship S. S4° E. from Chester

All Destroyers present except Moon, ivho
has been detailed to oil at Aberdeen.

Moon left Aberdeen at 5.30 a.m. this
morning. I have directed her to rejoin
at 2 p.m. rendezvous, but she will
probably be late.

Can you give me any idea where inter-
cepted signal comes from? Reply :
Have no idea of origin of signal, but
fragments of similar message have just
been received with call sign N.D.

Alter course together to S. 50' E.

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

Preparatory fog positions : 1st Div. port
quarter and 2nd Div. astern of Castor,
3rd Div. astern of Kenipenfelt, 4th Div.
starboard quarter of Kempenfelt.

Auxiliary W/T set out of action. Cause
at present imknown. j

Alter course together two points to port - |

1115

1128

1115

1115
1057
1115
1123

1136

1145

1135

Alter course together four points to port i —

!
Danish sailing vessel bearing N.W., two 1130

sailing trawlers bearing E.S.E.
Alter course together two points to port

Alter course together four points to port

Following from Chester : Wliat is bearing —

of Iron Duke ?
German coded message received from IZ 1156

to IB. Strength 3. W.L. 2100 feet.

Telefunken. German naval procedure ,

used.

APPENDIX II.

439

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

12.0 noon

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

Srd B.C.S. .

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

—

12.0 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

—

12.0 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

My speed of advance 16 knots -

—

12.0 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags
and
S.L.

Indicate noon position : —

Lion 56.44 N. 3.46 E.
Princess Royal 56.46 3.38
Queen Mary 56.46 3.39
Tiger 56.45 3.40
New Zealand 56.48 3.38
Indefatigable 56.49 3.35

12.0-

C.-in-C.

Cruisers

S.L.

My speed of advance 14 knots

—

12.0 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots

—

12.0 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

12.0 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

—

12.6 p.m.

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Chester

S.L.

Iron Duke bears N. 65° W., 13 miles from
Minotaur.

1206

12.6 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

Abdiel -

S.L.

Clear trawler out of the way -

1205

12.7 —

Shannon

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.L.

From Cochrane : Danish vessel is Gimbira
of Croense.

1145

12.8 —

Shannon

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.L.

From Hardy. Trawler Maria Josepha of
Vlessingen bound for fishing ground Zea-
land.

12.10 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

Srd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

12.10-

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

12.10 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

27id B.S.

Flags

Let fires die out in boilers not required for
19 knots

—

12.10 —

Shannon

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.L.

From Cochrane : Two trawlers, Dutch,
steering S.S.W.

1150

12.10 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

12.11 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

Dublin -

Sem.

At 12.20 Southampton will zigzag three
points each way to regain station.

1210

12.13 —

Chester

Minotaur

S.L.

One steamer and five sails bearing between
S.W. and S.E.

1220

12.1.5 —

Chester

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

S.L.

At 1205 Iron Duke bore N. 65° W.,
1 3 miles from Minotaur. Minotaur bore
N. 62° W., 10 miles from Chester.

1215

12.20 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

—

12.20 —

C.-in-C.

Cruisers

S.L.

Battle Cruiser Fleet will probably be
sighted later and is to be reported by
visual.

1215

12.20 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

12.20 —

Kempenfelt -

Boadicea

Sem.

I am taking station between T and
Battlefleet.

12.20 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

Abdiel

S.L.

Three sails S.E. Be ready to go ahead
and get them clear.

1215

12.20 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

12.20 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

Srd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

440

APPENDIX n.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

31 MAY —cont.

12.22 p.m. S.O.SrdB.C.S. 3rd B.C.S.

12.26— S.0.4thL.C.S. I Abdiel -

1
1 2.2r. — S.O. 2nd C.S. Shannon

12.28 —
12.28 —
12..30 —
12..30 —
12.30 —

12.30 —
12.30 —
12.40 —
12.40 —
12.40 —
12.40 —

12.40 —

12.40 —
12.42 —

S.O. Cruisers
S.O. 2nd C.S.
S.O.SrdB.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. B.C.F.

Cruisers

Owl

3rd B.C.S.

General

Turbulent

C.-in-C. - j General
S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.

S.O.SrdB.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. 5th B.S.
C.-in-C.

S.0.2ndC.S.-

S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.
S.O. B.C.F. - Moresby

3rd B.C.S.
General
Warspite
General

C.-in-C.

12.43 — S.O. 3rd L.C.S. Inconstant

1 2.. 50
12.50
12.50
12.50
12.55

1.0
1.0
1.0

S.O.SrdB.C.S.] 3rd B.C.S.

I
S.O. B.C.F.- General

C.-in-C. - General

S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.

Iron Duke - I —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F. -
S.N.O. Blyth

3rd B.C.S.

General

Admiralty

Sys-
tem.

Flags
S.L.
S.L.

S.L.
S.L.

Flags
Flags
S.L.

Flags

Flags
and
S.L.
S.L.

Flags

Flags
and
S.L.
S.L.

Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags

Flags

L/T

Admiral intends to proceed at 15\ knots -
Proceed in execution of previous orders -

Reports of trawlers boarded need not be 1225
passed, to R.A. unless they are found
suspicious or any action is necessary.

Speed of advance 14 knots at 12.30 p.m. -

Examine sailing vessels South

Alter course together four points to port

Report total amount of fuel carried and 1230
consumption per hour at this speed?

Reply : 236 tons, consumption per hour 1245
at present speed 4 tons per hour.

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

Alter course together four points to port

Alter cmirse together four points to star-
board.

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

Attention is called to smoke issuing from
your funnels.

Reference position at noon, 58° 9' N.,
2° 59' E.

There are a good many steam and sailing 1230
trawlers, Dutch, in sight. Nothing
suspicious has yet been reported by
Destroyers.

Alter course together four 2Joints to starboard i —

Recall - - - - - - - i —

If Engadine should stop to hoist out planes 1 245
keep at least two miles clear of her on
account of wash.

Alter course together four points to port - — -

Alter course together four points to port - —
Alter course together two points to port - —
Alter course together four points to port - —

Remarks : 12.55 passed Dutch sailing —
trawler S. Ch. 325, Make Linervun, and
Dutch sailing trawler M.A. 63.

Alter course together four points to starboard —

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

Urgent. Your 1020. Position Lat. 54"
30' N., Long. 4° 0' E., rendezvous 01,
Talisman detailed.

1140

APPENDIX n.

441

1.0
1.0
1.2
1.3

1.10 —
1.10 —

1.10 —

1.14 —

1 15-

1.1.5
1.15

1.15

— cont.
Commodore F

C.-in-C.

S.O 5th B.S.

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

1.5 — C.-in-C.

S.O.SrdB.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F. -

S.0.4thL.C.S.

S.O. 5th B.S.

R.A. Scapa •

Duke of Edin-
burgh.

Hampshire -

S.O. 4th L.C.S,

Felixstowe -

Destroyers

Oeneral

5th B.S.
Dublin •
3rd B.C.S.

Leading Ships
of Division.

3rd B.C.S.
General

4th L.C.S.

5th B.S.

R.A. Inver-
gordon.

1.20 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S

1.20 —

S.O. B.C.F.-

General

1.20 —

C.-in-C.

General

1.20 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

1.21 —

R.A. Cyclops

Aberdeen

1.30 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S

C.-in-C.
S.O. Cruisers.

C.-in-C.

Admiralty

Sem. WIT silence is to be kept except for reporting
Enemy or answering the Admiral. Buzzer
communication may be used for
manoeuvring.

Flags Alter course together two points to port •

Flags i Alter course together four points to starboard

Sem. ' At 1.10 p.m. Southampton will zigzag two

I points.
Flags Indicate noon positions : —

I Invincible Lat. 58^ 6' N., Long. 3° 51' E.
\ Indomitable Lat. 58 3' N., Long. 3° 52' E.
: Inflexible Lat. 58' 8' N., Long. 3° 55' E.
Flags Indicate Lat. and Long, at noon -. —
Iron Duke 58° 09' N. 2 59' E.

Benbow 58 07' N. 2 59' E.

Colossus 58' 05' N. 3 03' E.

Marlborough 58 05' N. 2 59' E.
Orion 58° 05' N. 3° 05' E.

K. G. V. 58= 04' N. 3° 09' E.

Flags Alter course together four points to port
Flags I Alter course together four points to port -

Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots

Flags Alter course together four points to port

W/T For C.-in-C. Weather reports based on
observations at 7 a.m. Anticyclone over
England, depression approaching N.W.
coast. Rain Ireland. Fog Straits of
Dover. Forecast — Districts J, H, G and
East Scotland : wind at surface moderate
or fresh, between S. and W., some rain
and mist, fair intervals. England S. and
East Coast : wind at surface moderate,
W., fair generally.

S.L. H.M.S. Moon south five miles from
position F. {Received by Iron Duke as
position D.)

S.L. Trawlers have nets out to eastward

S.L. Fishing nets passed

W/T 31st, 11.5 a.m., intercepted. Lurcher

from Maidstone. German Submarine

j attacked. British Seaplane 40 miles E. of

I Outer Gabbard L.V. Are you in touch

with all three Submarines ?

Flags Alter course together four jwints to starboard

I
Flags [ Alter course together four points to star-
board.
Flags Alter course together two points to star-
board.

- Flags I Alter course together four points to starboard

■ I W/T From Leda for S.O., B.C.F., Y channel 0950
I completed, nothing found.

- j Flags Alter course together four points to port

442

APPENDIX n.

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Massage

Despatch.

Origin

31 MAT

— cont.

1.30 p.m.

S.O. B.C.F. .

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to port-

—

1..30 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

1.30 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

5th B.S.

•

Flags

Take station on compass line of bearing
N.N.W. five miles.

—

1.30 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Light Cruisers

Flags

Take station according to look-out diagram
No. 6, Centre of screen to bear S.S.E.
Line of direction E.N.E.

1.30 —

S.O. B.C.F.

2nd B.C.S. -

Flags

Take station on compass line of bearing
E.N.E. three miles.

—

i.:n —

S.0.2ndB.C.S.

2nd B.C.S.

Flags

Resume original course together. Admiral
intends to proceed at 20 knot.t.

—

1.31 —

Falmouth -

Engadine

S.L.

Close .-.-...

—

1.35 —

C.-in.C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

—

1.35 —

C.-in-C.

Commodore F.

S.L.

Following from Duke of Edinburgh :
Moon, South, five miles from position D.

1250

1.38 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard

—

1.40 —

S.O. SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together four points to starboard

—

1.40 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

—

1.40 —

S.O.UhL.G.S.

4th L.C.S. -

S.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 14 knots

—

1.45 —

S.0.2ndB C.S.

2nd B.C.ti -

Flags

Adfniral intends to proceed at 20 knots
(Commenced zigzagging with Lion.)

1.48 —

Commodore F.

C.-in-C.

S.L.

Moon rejoined . . . -

1340

1.50 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

1.50 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

Alter course together four points to port-

1.50 —

Shannon

S.O. 2nd C.S. ■

S.L.

Norwegian barque Remonstrant bearing
E. ^ N., two more sailing ships bearing
N.E. iN.

1300

1..50 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

51 h B.S.

Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

—

1.55 —

C.-in-C.

Battlefleet

Sem. When Interrogative Pendant is hoisted,

1352

indicate by numeral signal, rate per

hour at which ships can oil Destroyer

alongside : —

Iron Duke 100 K.G. V 40

Royal Oak 150 Ajax 20

Superb 50 Centurion 50

•

Canada 100 Erin 60
Benbow 50 Orion 60
Bellerophon 100 Monarch 50
Temeraire 60 Conqueror 50
Vanguard 50 Thunderer 45
Marlborough 40 Revenge 120
Hercules 35-40 Neptune 40
Colossus 40 Collingwood 50
Agincourt 100 St. Vincent 30

1.55 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags Alter course together two points to port -

—

1.55 —

S.0.5thB.S.-

5th B.S.

Flags Alter course together two ])oints to port

—

2.0 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. ■

Flags

Alter cours together four points to starboard

—

APPENDIX II.

443

Date,

Sys-

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

t'Om.

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

2.0 p.m

S.O. B.C.F.-

General

Flags

Alter course togetner four points to star-
board.

—

2.0 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to port -

—

2.0 —

Nottingham -

S.O. 2nd L.C.S

S.L.

Am on port zigzag to correct bearing-

1400

2.4 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to starboard

—

2.5 —

Admiralty -

All Ships

W/T

Mines are suspected just Eastward of
Corton Light Vessel. This vicinity is
to be avoided until swept.

1340

2.5 —

S.O. 3rdL.C.S.

Engadine

S.L.

Your new cruising station 5^ miles S.
50° E. from Falmouth.

—

2.6 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

Resume original course together -

—

2.8 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Destroyers

Flags

Take up position as Submarine screen
when course is altered to N. by E.

—

2.10 —

Galatea

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

Two -funnelled ship has stopped steamer
bearing E.S.E., eight miles, am closing.

1410

2.10 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together four points to port •

2.10 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together four points to starboard

—

2.13 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Form single line-ahead ships in column to
be three cables apart.

—

2.13 —

S.O. 2nd L.C.S.

Nottingham -

S.L.

Who is alter course signal from ? Reply :
To Light Cruisers from Lion, stop was
omitted by Nottingham in order to get
subsidiary signal through as rapidly as
possible.

Alter course leading ships together the

1408

2.15 —

S.O B.C.F. -

General

S.L.

1351

rest in succession to N. by E.

2.15 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 5th B.S.-

S.L.

When we turn to Northward look out for
advanced Cruisers of Grand Fleet.

1412

2.15 —

C. in-C.

Cruisers

S.L.

My course S.E. by S. at 3 p.m. Raise
steam for full speed with all despatch.

(Time of despatch shown was logged in
Iron Duke but records cannot be found
of such a signal at the time stated in any
other ship's log.)

2:17 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. 2nd C.S. -

S.L.

Are you in touch with Battle Cruisers ? -
Reply : Not since 1 o'clock.

1416
1440

2.17 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course in succession to N. by E.

—

2.20 —

S.O. 3rd B.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together four points to starboard

—

2.20 —

Galatea

General

Flags

Enemy in sight - - - -

—

2.20 —

Engadine

—

Remarks : Sighted two Enemy Cruisers
bearing East.

2.20 —

Galatea

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

Urgent. Two Cruisers, probably hostile,
in sight bearing E.S.E., course unknown,
MypositionLat. 56°48'N.,Long.5°21'E.
{Received in Iron Duke 2.1 S p.m.)

1420

2.20 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard

—

2.21 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 19^ knots -

—

2.22 —

S.0.4th L.C.S.

Abdiel -

Sem.

Sail South, be ready to go ahead to clear

her away.

1420

2.23 —

R.A. Cyclops-

Aberdeen

W/T

For C.-in-C. from S.N.O. Blyth, Talisman
and Submarines G2, 3, 4, 5 sailed noon
for rendezvous 54 30' N., 4° 0' E. in
accordance with orders received from
Admiralty.

1400

2.25 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Destroyers

Flags

Take up position as Submarine screen
when course is altered to S.S.E.

444

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

31 MAY

2.28 p.m.

2.30 —
2.30 —
2.30 —

2.30 —

2.31 —

2.32 —

2.33 —
2.33 —

2.33 —

2.34 —

— cont.

St. Vincent - C.-in-C.

Galatea

S.0.3rd B.C.S.
C.-in-C.
Inconstant -

S.O. 3rd L.C.S.
Falmouth
S.O.SthB.S.-
S.O. B.C.F. -
Indomitable -
S.O. B.C.F. -
S.O. B.C.F. -
Galatea

2.34— Galatea

S.O. B.C.F. .

3rd B.r.S. .

General

S.O. 3rd L.C.S.

Lion -

Engadine

5th B.S.

General

S.O. 3rd B.C.S.

General

S.O. B.C.F. -

Sem. German coded message intercepted from
DZtoDR. Strength 9. 2,600 feet wave.
• ■ Telefunken.

W/T Urgent. My 1420. Cruisers are .stopped.

{Received in Iron Duke 2.25 p.vi.)
Flags Alter course together four points to port

Flags Alter course together two points to star-
board.
S.L. Am keeping touch with Galatea

S.L. Am closing 1st L.C.S. - - . .

S.L. I Close Battle Cruisers ....

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

2.3.5 —

C.-in-C.

General

2.35 —

Admiralty

C.-in-C.

2.35 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

2.37 —

Nottingham •

S.O. 2nd L.C.S

2.37 —

S.0.3rd L.C.S.

Engadine

2.38 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

2.39 —

Galatea

S.O. B.C.F. -

2.40 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

2.40 —
2.40 —

S.O. 3rd B.C.S.
S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S., -
Chester and
Canterbury.

3rd B.C.S. ' .

2.43 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags Alter course leading ships together the

rest in succession to S.S.E.
Sem. Have just heard Telefunken signals very

loud.
Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots -

Flags Raise steam for full speed and report

when ready to proceed.
W/T Urgent. Enemy ships reported in my
1420 are two Destroyers. Am chasing*
{Received in Iron Duke 2.34 p.m.)
W/T Urgent. One Cruiser, probably hostile,
bearing E., steering S.S.E. My position
Lat. 56° 50' N., Long. 5° 19' E.
{Received in Iron Duke 2.30 p.m.)
Flags Raise steam for full speed and report when

ready to proceed.

W/T Talisman with four Blyth Submarines

I has been ordered to rendezvous 01 in

j Lat. 54 30' N., Long. 4° 0' E., to remain

there 24 hours waiting orders.

Sem. Length of line is 12 cables instead of nine.

Take up appointed station.
S.L. Have increased speed to 23 knots

S.L. Two Enemy Cruisers sighted about East.

Take cover near Battle Cruisers.

Flags The hands are to be stationed at action

' stations constantly throughout the day.

W/T Urgent. Have sighted large amount of

.smoke as though from a fleet bearing

i E.N.E. My position Lat. 56= 50' N.,

j Long. 5° 19' E.

1 {Received in Iron Duke 2.35 p.m.)

Flags Alter course in succession to S.S.E. Speed

22 knots.
S.L. Raise steam for ftdl speed and report when
ready to proceed.

Flags I Alter course together four points to starboard

Flags Alter course together two points to port.
Speed 17 knots. Guides to bear N.E.
by E. from Guide of fleet.

1415
1422

1425
1430
1430

1430

1430
1430

1435

1435
143S
1435

1435

APPENDIX II.

445

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin

31 MAY

— cont.

2.43 p.m.

Cordelia

Inconstant

Sem.

How many ships can you make out ? — I
can only make out one. Reply : One
ship and two Destroyers.

2.44 —

S.0.3rdB.C.,'^.

3rd B.C.S. -

Flags

The hands are to be stationed at action
stations constantly throughout the day.

—

2.45 —

C.-in-C.

Cruisers

S.L.

My speed of advance 17 knots-

1425

2.45 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Speed of advance 16 knots

—

2.45 —

Galatea

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

Enemy apparently turned North •

1446

2.46 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Champion

Sem.

Send two Destroyers to Engadine -

1445

2.47 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Engadine

S.L.

Send up Seaplanes to scout N.N.E. Am
sending two Destroyers to you.

1445

2.48 —

R.A. Scapa -

Princetown -

W/T

From C.-in-C, Rosyth. Leda, Shipjack
and Jason arrived.

1139

2.50 —

R.A. Scapa -

Princetown -

W/T

Following message received from Naval
Depot, North Shields. Negro left North
Shields.

1445

2.50 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S

3rd B.C.S. ■

Flags

Alter course together four points to port -

—

2.51 —

Galatea

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

Urgent. My 1435. Smoke seems to be

seven vessels besides Destroyers and

Cruisers. They have turned North. My

position Lat. 56" 52' N., Long. 5° 33' E.

{Received in Iron Duke 2.51 p.m.)

1445

2.52 —

St. Vincent -

C.-in-C.

S.L.

German coded signal received. 2,800 feet
wave. Strength 10. Telefnnken used.

1445

2.52 —

S.O. IstL.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

1st L.C.S. are under fire -

1450

2.52 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

Alter course leading ships together the
rest in succession to S.E.

—

2.55 —

S.O. IstL.C.S.

Inconstant

S.L.

Where are our Battle Cruisers ? Reply :
Bearing W.S.W., just hull down, appar-
ently steering S.E.

2.55—-

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots -

—

2.57 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Raise steam for full speed with all despatch

—

3.0 —

C.-in-C.

Destroyers -

Flags

Destroyers bank fires in boilers not required
for 21 knots.

—

3.0 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

My course and speed, S. E. by S. , advancing
1 8 knots. Assume stations for immediate
action.

3.0 —

C.-in-C.

Cruisers

Flags

My course is S.E. by S. at 3 p.m. -

—

3.0 —

Lion

—

Remarks : Seaplane left Engadine -

—

3.0 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

2nd L.C.S. -

S.L.

Prepare to attack the van of the Enemy -

—

3.0 —

C.-in-C.

General -

Flags

Assume complete readiness for action in
every respect.

—

3.0 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together four points to starboard

—

3.1 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

Alter course leading ships together the
rest in succession to E.

—

3.2 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course leading ships together the rest
in succession to S.E. by S.

—

3.3 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Ships in column to be 3\ cables apart

—

3.4 —

Engadine

—

Remarks : Seaplane 59 hoisted out

—

446

APPENDIX n.

31 MAY \—cont.
3..') p in. I Galatea

3.r,

3.5
3.8

S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. 6th B.S.
Falmouth

Galatea

3.10— C.-in-C.

3.10 — Engadine

3.10— i St. Vincent

3.10— \S.0.4thL.C.S

3.10— j S.O.SrdB.C.S

3.10— Admiralty

3.10 —

3.11 —

3.12 —

S.O. 1st C.S.-
S. 0.3rd B.C. S
S.O. B.C.F.

3.13— I S.O. B.C.F. -

I
3.13— \ S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3.14— S.0.5thB.S.
3. 1 5 — New Zealand

3.15— S.O.SrdB.C.S.

3.16— C.-in-C.
3.18— I C.-in-C.

3.18— \ S.O.SrdB.C.S
3.20— S.O.SrdB.C.S

S.O. B.C.F.

Engadine

,5//i B.S.

S.O. B.C.F.,
C.-in-C. *

S.O. B.C.F.

Cruisers

Seaplane 8089
C.-in-C.

4th L.C.S
3rd B.C.S. -
C.-in-C.

1st C.S.
3rd B.C.S.
General
General
Srd B.C.S.
5th B.S.

C.-in-C. -

General
General

3rd B.C.S. ■

Chester and
Canterbury.

S.L.

Flags

W/T

S.L.

S.L.
S.L.

Flags
Flags
W/T

S.L.
Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags

S.L.
Flags

Flags
and
S.L.

Flags

S.L.

Several Cruisers and Destroyers bearing E. , 1 505
steering various courses. My position
Lat. 56^ 54' N., Long. 5"^ 21' E. Am i
keeping touch. Course N., 25 knots. |
Enemy Cruisers have altered to N.W. i

Tell Seaplanes Enemy have turned N. - ] 1500

Alter course in successio7i to E.S.E.- - i —

Urgent. Three Cruisers, probably hostile, 1500
in sight, bearing E., course N. My
position Lat. 56 59' N., Long. 5 31' E.

Urgent. Enemy ships reported have 1507
altered course N.W., my course is N.N.W.
My position Lat. 56'' 59' N., Long. 5°
27J' E.

{Received in Iron Duke 3.8 p.m.)

Take up cruising disposition No. 1. Centre —
of screen 16 miles from B.F. Speed of
advance 18 knots. Assume complete
readiness for action. j

Enemy has turned North - - —

Five coded German messages received. 1510
Call signs DR DR IB AR IH OD lY JV.
Strength 8-12. 2,300 feet wave. Tele- i
Sunken. I

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots - j —

Alter course together four points to port - —

At 2.31 p.m. directionals placed Enemy 1510
Light Cruiser in Lat. 56 57' N., Long.
6" 9' E., and Enemy Destroyer in Lat.
56° 67'. Long. 5" 43' E.

{Received in Lion 3.29 p.m.)
Zigzag i of a point each side of normal • 1455

Form, astern and follow in the wake of your

divisional Oiiides.
Admiral intends to proceed at 23 knots -

Alter course leading ships together the

rest in succession to N.E.
Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots

Alter course in succession to E^, speed 22

knots.
Remarks : Sighted five Enemy ships on

starboard bow.
Priority. My course E.S.E., 22 knots - 1510

Columns to be one mile apart -

Admiral intends to proceed at 19 knots

Assume complete readiness for action in

every respect.
Keep a good look out .... 1522

APPENDIX II.

447

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message

Despatch.

Origin

31 MAY

— cont.

3.20 p.m.

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

Admiral intends to pnjceed at 24 knots

—

3.21 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O.s of
Squadrons.

W/T

My position Lat. 56 48' N., Long. 5^ 17' E.,
course N.E., speed 23 knots.

(Received by C.-in-C. N. 40' E.)

1515

3.21 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course in succession to N.E., speed

—

23 knots.

3.22 —

C.-in-C.

Destroyers -

Flags Raise steam for full speed

—

3.22 —

Galatea

S.O. B.C.F. .

S.L.
and

W/T

Urgent. Am leatling Enemy N.W., they
appear to be following. My position
Lat. 57° 02' N., Long. 5° 23' E.
(Received in Iron Duke 3.29 p.m.)

1520

3.23 —

P. Royal

S.O. B.C.F. .

Flags

Attention is called to E. by N.-

—

3.23 —

S.O. Cruisers-

Cruisers

S.L.

My course and speed are S. 29° E., 20 knots

—

3.24 —

Nottingham -

C.-in-C,
S.O. B.C.F.

W/T

Urgent. Have sighted smoke bearing
E.N.E. five columns. My position Lat.
66° 46' N., Long. 5° 14' E.

1522

3.25 —

Galatea

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

Urgent. Have sighted smoke on bearing
E.S.E., apparently squadron astern of
Cruisers steering W.N.W. bearing E.S.E.
(Received in Iron Duke 3.27 p.m.)

1515

3.25 —

C.-in-C.

Cruisers

S.L.

My speed of advance is 19 knots

1520

3.25 —

Lion

—

Remarks : Enemy in sight on starboard
bow.

3.25 —

Nottingham -

S.O. 2nd L.C.S.

S.L.

Sighted smoke on bearing E.N.E., five
columns.

—

3.25 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Negative zigzag .....

—

3.27 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

My position at 1515,57° 50' N., 4" 15' E.,
course S.E. by S., speed 19 knots.

1526

3.27 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

Assume complete readiness for action in
every respect.

—

3.30 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Assume complete readiness for action in
every inspect.

— "

3.30 —

Onslow

Engadine

Sem.

Onslow and Nestor have been told off to
stand by you. Can you please give me
any idea of what you are likely to do ?
Reply : Am keeping close to Battle
Cruisers. Course N.N.E. Seaplane has
gone out E.N.E. and am. keeping look
out for return. If you are detailed to
work with me, please open out to one

mile on either side, and when picking

up planes should Hke you to keep at

least a mile off. Circle round at 10'

knots. My present speed is 20 knots.

3.30 —

S.O. B.C.F..

General

Flags Alter course leading ships together, the
rest in succession to E., speed 25 knots.

—

3.30 —

R.A. Scapa -

R.A. Inver-
gordon.

W/T For C.-in-C. Weather report from Rosyth,
Immingham and Harwich respectively.

1300

Wind S.E. 1-3, dull, c. and o., misty.

rain 29.98. Based on observation at

1 p.m. : wind S.W., fine, b. and be..

1 barometer 30.19. Based on observa-

tions at 1 p.m. : barometer 30.25, rising.

temperature 64, wind E.S.E., light.

3.31 —

C.-in-C.

S.O.s of.-
Squadrons.

Sem.

Flag Officers inform their divisions of the
situation.

1632

448

APPENDIX n.

Date,

Time of

Despatch,

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.
Commodore F

S.O. 4th B.S.

3.31 p.m.

3.31 —

K.A. liit n.ii.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.O. 4th B.S.

S.O. 1st B.S.
Commodore F.

Commodore F.
S.O. 4th B.S.
S.O. 4th B.S.

Seaplane
N. 82A.

C.-in-C.

3.32 — S.O. B.C.F. -

I
3.33— S.O. B.C.F. -

3.33 —

3.34 —
3.34 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. B.C.F. -

Destroyem
4th Divis^ion

5th Division

1st Division

4th Division

6th Division
Destroyers

Destroyers
4th Division
4th Division

S.O. viaEnga-
dine.

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

General

Galatea

Owl

2nd B.C.S. -
Falmouth

Sem. Enemy's Cruisers and Destroyers', believed
hostile, 50 fniles ahead, steering North.

Sem. Following is situation at 2. 20 p.m. Galatea
reported C misers in Lat.57" N., 5 20' E.,
Enemy steering E.S. E. at 2. 30 p.m., chas-
ing two T.B.Ds. Further Cruiser reports
I received : Enemy altered course to N. W.
I at 2.30, 1st L.C.S. leading Enemy to N. W.,

Enemy appear to be following in five \
\ columns,approximatepositionLat. 57" 0', i
Long. 5" 25' E.

Sem. S.O. 1st L.C.S. reported at 3 p.m., smoke
probably consisting of seven vessels besides
Destroyers and Cruisers. They have turned
N.W. His position Lat. 56° 52' N.,
Long. 5° 33' E. This is the main report.
' Besides this there are various minor
reports of Cruisers and Destroyers. |

Sem. An Enemy' s force, apparently consisting of
\ seven ships besides Destroyers and Cruisers, :
have been sighted by 1st and 3rd L.C.S.
Their course is N.W., which leads them
direct to Battlefleet. One Enemy Cruiser
is reported steering S.S.E. Position of
1st and 3rd L.C.S: is about S.E. true, 60
I miles, at 3 p.m.

Sem. At 3.35 p.m. S.O. B.C.F. reports five
Battle Cruisers and large numbers of
Destroyers in sight in 57^12' N., 5° 40' E.

Sem. Galatea is leading the Enemy to the N. W.
and they are apparently following her.

Sem. Position of forces at 4 p.m. : Battle Cruiser
Fleet 56° 56' N., 5° 45' E.,Enetny bearing
from B.C.F. E.N.E., steering E.S.E.,
being engaged, 1st and 3rd L.C.S. chasing
12 miles astern.

Sem. Position of Enemy's Battlefleet at 4.4p.m.:
56° 30' N., 6° 30' E., course N.

Sem. 5th B.S. accompanied by 1st and 2nd B.C.S.
engagitig Enemy.

Sem. At 4.45p.m. Enemy 26 to 30 ships steering .
S. E. , bearing S.S. E. from Battle Cruisers. \
Approximate position of Eyiemy 56" 30', ,
6° 30'. Champion ordered to attack with
Whitehead torpedoes.

W/T Cruisers three, Destroyers five. Enemy
bearing and distance from me E. 10
i miles. Enemy course N.W.
S.L. Centre of screen should bear S.E. by S.

Flags Alter course leading ships together the
rest in succession to East. i

W/T j Indicate bearing of Enemy

S.L. : Speed of advance 20 kiiots

Flags
W/T
and
S.L.
S.L.

Prolong the line by taking station astern
Are you in visual touch with Galatea ?
Report her bearing.

Reply : Enemy bearing E., steering S.E.
Galatea N.N.E. two miles. My position
Lat. 57° 10' N., Long. 5° 14' E.

1515
1530

1535

1540

1540
1620

1727

1530
1530
153L'

1532
1538

APPENDIX IJ,

449

Date, '
Time of 1 From

Despatch. I

31 MAY —cont.
3.34 p.m ' S.O. B.C.F. -

3.35— S.O. B.C.F. -

3.35 — ^'.0. 5th B.S.
3.35 — - I Engadine

3.35

3.35
3.35

3.35

3.36

3.37

3.38
3.40

3.40
3.40
3.40

3.42
3.41'
3.42
3.44

3.44

S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. B.C.F. -
C.-in-C.

S.O. Cruisers

Seaplane
N. 82A.
S.0.2nd B.C.S

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.0.3rdL.C.S.

S.0.2ndB.C.S.

S.0.2iidB.C.y.
S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 5th B.S.
S.O. 2ndC.S.
C.-in-C.

.S.O. B.C.F. -
S.O. B.C.F. -
Fearless
Galatea

Falmouth

13tli Flotilln •
S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

General

General
8rd Sub. and
CommodoreF.

Cruisers

S.O. via Enga-
dine.
2nd B.C.S. -

S.O.s of Squad-
rons.

S.O. IstL.C.S.

9th Flotilla -

Destroyers
C.-in-C.

5th B.S.
C.-in-C.
General

loth Flotilla
9th Flotilla

S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. B.C.F.
and C.-in-C.

S.L.

Flags

Flags
Sem.

S.L.

W/T

Flags

W/T

S.L.

Flags
W/T

Flags
S.L.

Speed 25 knots. Assume complete readi-
ness for action. Alter course leading
ships together the rest in succession
to E. Enemy in sight.

Alter succession in course to E., speed 24
knots.

Remarks : Endeavoured to pass Seaplane
signals 1530, 1532, 1545 to S.O. B.C.F.
and S.O. 5th B.S. Broke off visual
communication and went into action.

{Remarks : There are no records of Enga-
dine calling up S.O. B.C.F. or S 0.5th
B.S.)

Admiral intends to proceed at 24 knots -

Enemy in sight bearing E. by N. -
Enemy Cruisers and Destroyers are being

chased to the Northward by our B.C.F.

and should be in touch with our Cruisers

by 4 p.m.
My course is S.E. by S. ...

Enemy's course is South

Alter course in succession 10 points to star-
board.
Present course and speed E. 25 knots

{Received in Iron Duke 3.32 p.m.)
They appear to have turned to the East
{This presumably refers to the Enemy.)
9th Flotilla take station ahead of Lion -

Take station ahead five cables

Urgent. Enemy Battle Cruisers, five in

number, bearing N.E., Destroyers, large

number, bearing N.E., course unknown.

Position of reporting ship Lat. 56 53' N.,

Long. 5' 28' E.
Admiral intends to proceed at 24^ knots -

Chester received course and speed of fleet

at 3.20.
Reference position 3.30 p.m., 57 45' N.,

4 32' E.

Flags
and
S.L. I

Flags ! Take station two points before the star-
board beam two miles.
Take station ahead

W/T

Remarks : Sighted two Enemy Cruisers

(six sighted at 3.50 p.m.).
Urgent. The Enemy Light Cruisers and

Destroyers have altered course to South.

I am following. My position Lat.

57° 04' N., Long. 5" 10' E.

{Received in Iron Duke 3.41 p.m.)
Urgent. Enemy bears E. by S. from me,

distance unknown, course S.E., speed 21

to 25 knots. My position Lat. 57" 10' U.,

Long. 5 14' E.

£ 12872

r I

450

At»l*BKDtX Jl.

Dat»-,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

1 )o8patch.

Origin

31 MAT

— cont.

3.45 p.m.

S.O. SrdB.G.S.

3rd B.C.S. ■

Flags

Alter course in succession to S. 26° E.

—

3.45 —

Seaplane
N. 82 A.

Engaciine

W/T

Three Cruisers, 10 Destroyers. Enemy's

coiii'sc is South.

1545

3.45 —

C.-in-C.

Royal Oak

Sem.

You must steer a steadier course in action
or your shooting will be bad.

1540

3.45 —

S.O. B.C.F. ■

Battle Cruisers

Flags

Form o)> (i Hue bearing N.W.

—

3.45 —

S.O. B.C.F.

C.-in-C.

W/T

Urgent. Course of Enemy S. 55 E. My
position Lat. 56 53'N., Long. 5 33' E.

1545

3.45 —

S.O. li.C.F. -

General

Flags

Alter course together to E.S.E.

—

3.46 —

S.O. B.t'.F.-

Battle Cruisers

Flags

Lion and Princess Royal concentrate on
Enemy's leading shiqj.

—

3.47 —

Engadine

—

Remarks : Seaplane returned

—

3.47 —

Lion -

—

Remarks : Enemy opened fire

—

3.47 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Enemy in sight bearing E. - • •

—

3.47 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

Open fire and engage the Enemy -

—

3.47 —

Lion -

—

Remarks : Lion opened fire

—

3.5U —

S.O.lstL.C.S.

1st L.C.S.

S.L.

Am working up to full speed . . -

155V

3.50 —

Galatea

S.O. 3id L.C.S.

S.L.

Do you know relative position, course and
speed of our Battle Cruisers ? Am 1
right in trying to lead Enemy ?

—

3.50 —

Warspite

—

Remarks : Barham opened fire

—

3.50 —

Warspite

—

Remarks : Enemy opened fire. Battlo
Cruisers opened fire.

—

3.50 —

Lion -

—

Remarks : Lion being frequently hit hy
Enemy. Turret wrecked at 4 p.m.

■ — ■

3..55 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

C.-in-C.

W/T

Urgent. Am engaging Enemy. My posi-
tion Lat. 56 53' N., Long. 5° 31' E.

1550

3.55 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Captain D13 -

W/T

Opportunity appears favourable for at-
tacking.

—

3.55 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

2nd L.C.S. ■

S.L.

Spread for look-out duties on a line of
bearing N. W. in sequence in which shij>s
now are from Lion.

3.55 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

My course S. K. by S. ....

1550

3.55 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags
and

W/T

Increase the rate of fire . . - -

1558

3..55 —

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together Itvo points to j)ort

—

3..>(i —

S.O. 5th B.S.

Desti'oyers

Flags

Keep out of the «ay -

—

3.50 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Captain D 1
and D 13.

Flags

Proceed at your utmost speed

1548

3.58 —

C.-in-C.

Cruisers

S.L.

Speed oJ advance 20 knots -

—

.3.58 —

Gloucester

S.O. 3rd L.C.S.

S.L.

Enemy fleet steering South

—

3.59 —

S.O. .5th B.S.

Fearless

Flags

Fearl(>ss take station astern of Malaya -

—

3.69 —

Galatea

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

Urgent. Enemy bearing E.S.E. Course
of Enemy E.S.E. My position, course
and speed, Lat. 57" 03' N., Long.5 ' 27' E.,
E.S.E., 28 knots.

{Lion received course of Enemy South.
Received in Iron Duke 3.59 p.m.)

1555

APPENDIX n.

451

JgDate,

Time

Time of

From

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

3.59 p.m.

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots-

—

4.0 —

S.O.SrdB.a.S.

3rd B.C.S. -

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 24 knots

—

4.0 —

Warspite

—

Remarks : Opened fire - . - -

—

4.0 —

S.O. 5th B.ti.

5th B.S.

Flags

Open fire and engage the Enemy

—

4.1 —

Lion

—

Remarks : Indefatigable blew up -

—

4.1 _

Commodore F.

11th Flotilla -

Sem.

Don' t forget black flag in action

1600

4.2 —

S.O.SrdB.a.S.

General -

Flags

Alter course in succession to S.S.E. -

—

4.5 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. 3rd B.C.S.

W/T

Proceed immediately to support B.C.F.
Position Lat. 56 53' N., Long. 5 31' E.,
course S. 55 E. at 3.50 p.m.

1604

4.5 —

Binning/iam-

S.O. 2nd L.C.S.

S.L.

Ten Destroyers ahead of Enemy's Battle
Cruisers.

—

4.5 —

C.-in-C.

General -

Sem.

Battle Cruiser Fleet are engaging Enemy's
Battle Cruisers.

1605

4.7 —

Falmouth -

S.O. B.C.F.
and S.O. 5th
B.S.

S.L.

Enemy steering E.N.E. - - - -
{Not logged as having been received by
S.O. B.C.F. or S.O. 5th B.S.)

1(500

4.7 —

S.O. Cruisers-

C.-in-C.

S.L.

Chester has again passed out of sight

1600

4.8 —

R.A. Inver-
gordon.

Admiralty

W/T

Biarritz sailed 12.10, repeated to Admir-
alty, C.-in-C, R.A. Scapa and Captain M.

1430

4.9 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Champion via
Princess
Royal.

W/T

Attack the Enemy with torpedoes

[Not logged as having been received by
Champion until 5.16 p.m. This signal
was passed to Champion by Princess
Royal at that time, prestimably owing to
Lion's WIT being out of action.)

1002

4.10 -

S.O. B.C.F. -

Princess Royal

W/T

Main W/.T out of action - - - -

1605

4.11 —

Lion -

—

Remarks : Nottingham reports Submarine
on starboard side.

—

4.11 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Destroyers

S.L.

Clear range .---.-

—

4.12 —

Onslow

Engadine

Sem.

Can you dispense with my services ? If
so, I will join 5th B.S. Reply: Yes,
certainly.

—

4.12 —

S.0.3rdL.C.S.

S.O. Lst L.C.S.

S.L.

What are you going to steer ? Reply :
I am steering S.E. Am altering to
S.S.E. to go between the Enemy's fleet.

4.13 —

Indomitable -

C.-in-C.

S.L.

Have just heard Telehtnken signals.
Strength 4 at first, now 10.

—

4.14 —

C.-in-C.

4th L.C.S. -

P'lags

Negative zigzag

—

4.15 —

S.0.2ndL.G.S.

Nottingham -

S.L.

Support Destroyers ....

—

4.15 —

S.0.3rd B.C.S.

C.-in-C. -

W/T

My position, course and speed : 57 39' N.,
5 35' E., S.S.E., 25 knots.

1606

4.17 —

Binnuigharn-

S.O. 2iul, L.C.S.

Sem.

/ am. porting a little to give Nottingham
and Destroyers room.

—

4.17 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. 5th B.S.-

W/T

Are you in company with S.O. B.C.F. ? -
Reply : Yes, I am engaging Enemy

1615
1630

4.18 —

S.O. 5thB.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Ships in column to be three cables apart.
Speed 24 knots.

4.19 —

S.O. 1st L.C.S. S.O. 3id L.C.S.

S.L.

Am I in your way ? Reply : My course

J 023

S.S.E. Will you steer the same ?

F f 2

452

APPENDIX II.

Date, !
Time of ,
Despatch.}

From

31 MAY —cont. 1

4.20 p.m. Lion - - —

4.20 — Captain S. - Admiralty
Maidstone.

4.25 —
4.25 —

4.25 —

4.26 —

4.27 —

4.30 —

S.O.SnlL.V.S. 3rd L.C.S. -

Nottingham - S.0.2ndL.C.S.

C.-in-C. - Battlefleet

S.O. B.C.F. Priiireiis Royal

S.O. 5th B.S. Destroyers -

S.0.3rdL.C.S. Galatea

4.30 — 8.0. 5th B.S. j 5th B.S.

4.30 — Southampton C.-in-C, S.O.,

B.C.F.

4.30 — I Nottingham - S.0.2ndL.C.S.

4.30 — ; Southampton B.C.F.

4.30— ■' S.O. 5th B.S. [ 5th B.S.

4.31 _ ! S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.

4.32 — \ Birmingham \S.0.2ndL.G.S.

4.33 —

Southampton

S.O. B.C.F.

4.34 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

3rd L.C.S.

4.35 —

Southampton

4.38 — Southampton C.-in-C, S.O.,
B.C.F.

4.38— C.-in-C
4.38 — Champion

4.40 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

S.O. 10th CS.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 1st L.C.S.

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

— Kemarlis : Queen Mary blew up

L/T I Lurcher reports being holed slightly aft,

j after collision with Submarine E. 53.

If Submarines are required to remain

I over to-night, Wednesday, in position

i allotted. Lurcher can be relieved by

Firedrake. Reply : Approved to relieve

Lurcher.

Flags Alter course in succession to S.S.E.

S.L. I Am edging to starboard to keep smoke
clear of Lioti .

Sem.

W/T

1620

Keep just clear oii wake oi next ahead it it
helps ships to keep up.

Keep clear of smoke - - - 1G25

Flags Take station ahead

4.40 — S.O. 1st C.S. 1st CS. -
•.40— S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.

S.L.

Flags

W/T

Sem.
S.L.
Flags
Flags
Sem.
S.L.
Flags

W/T

S.L.

S.L.
Flags

It seems that they are going through
Horn Reef and not to Skager-Rack.
Reply : Yes, I think so. If all Light
Cruisers got together I think we could ,
deal with Northern Squadron. I make
them 16000.

Subdivisions separately alter course in
succession two points away from the Enemy
preserving their formation.

Urgent. One Enemy Cruiser bearing S.E.,
steering N.E. (My position Lat. 56 38'N.,
Long. 6 07' E.)

Two Cruisers S.S.E.

Enemj' Destroyers attacking

Alter course together four points to port

1630

- I

Negative alter course four points to port - ' —
One four-funnelled Cruiser - - -1604
Battleships S.E. ....

Form single line-ahead in sequence of fleet

numbers. Ships in column opeti order.
Remarks : Challenged foiu--fminelled

Cruiser bearing S.E. No reply.
Urgent. Priority. Have sighted Enemy

battlefleet bearing approximately S.E., .

course of Enemy N. My position Lat. |

56 34' N., Long. 6 20' E.
10th CS. take up Eastern patrol -

Course of Enemy's battlefleet is E.N.E.
single line-ahead. Van Dreadnoughts.
Bearing of centre S.E. My position
Lat. 56" 51' N., Long. 5"' 46"' E.

When your squadron ha\e passed me I
will edge over.

Am steering S.E. to close Minotaur -

Subdivisions separately alter course in
succession two points away from the
Enemy preserving their formation.

1638

1630

163'

1635

APPENDIX II.

453

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

4.40 p.m.

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Concentrate in pairs from the rear

—

4.40 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course in succession IG points to
starboard.

—

4.41 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

3rd L.G.S. ■

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots

—

4.42 —

Lion -

'—

—

Remarks: Sighted Enemy battlefleet ahead

—

4.4.3 —

Duke of Edin-
burgh.

Black Prince -

S.L.

Am steering S.E. to close Defence

1640

4.43 —

S.O. B.C.F.

Destroyers

Flags

Recall - - - -

—

4.4.-) —

S.0.2ndL.C.s\ Birmingham -

S.L.

Turn - - - -

—

4.4o —

S.O. B.C.F.

Princess Royal

Sem.

Report Enemy's battlefleet to C.-in-C.
bearing S. E.

—

4.4;-) —

S.O. B.C.F. - C.-in-C. via
Princess
Royal.

W/T

Urgent. Priority. Have sighted Enemy's
battlefleet bearing S.E. My position
Lat. 56 36' N., Long. 6 04' E.

{Received by C.-in-C. as 26-30 Battle-
ships, probably hostile, bearing S.S.E.,
steering S.E.)

1645

4.4.5 —

Commodore T Admiralty

L/T

314. Have you any instructions? -

1645

4.4.5 —

S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.

Flags

Fortn single line-ahead . . . -

—

4.4.5 —

S.O. B.C.F. General

Flags

Have sighted Enemy battlefleet bearing
S.E.

—

4.47 —

C.-in-C. - ' General

Sem.

Enemy's battlefleet is coming North

1645

4.47 —

S.O. B.C.F. Fearless

Flags

Pick up men in water round us

—

4.48 —

Southampton ; S.O. B.C.F.,
C.-in-C.

W/T

Urgent. Priority. Course of Enemy's
battlefleet, N., single line-ahead. Com-

1646

position of van Kaiser class. Bearing

of centre, E. Destroyers on both wings

and ahead. Enemy's Battle Cruisers

joining battlefleet from Northward. My
position Lat. 56" 29' N., Long. 6 14' E.

4.48 —

S.O. B.C.F.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course in succession 16 points to
starboard.

• —

4..50 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

Srd B.C.S. -

Flags

Alter coiirse in succession to S. by E.

—

4..50 —

Lion -

—

Remarks : Passed 5th Battle squadron
steering on opposite course.

—

4..50 —

Commodore F.

Destroyers

Sem.

Destroyers keep an extra look out for Sub-
marines.

—

4. .50 —

S.O. B.C.F.

Destroyers

Flags

Close and take station ahead -

—

4..51 —

C.-in-C.

Admiralty

W/T

Urgent. Fleet action is imminent

1650

4.52 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 25 knots -

—

4.52 —

S.0..3rdL.C.S.

S.O. 1st L.C.S.

S.L.

Look out for Enemy battlefleet steering N.

1630

4. .55 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. .

FlagP

Admiral intends to proceed at 19h knots -

—

4.55 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Observe attentively the Admiral's motions

—

4.. 55 —

S.O. B.C.F.

Captain D., 1st

and 13th, via

PrincessRoyal

W/T

Destroyers close nearer Admiral

{Received by Champion 5.18 p.m.)

1650

454

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of
Dospatr-h.

Frnm

Message.

of
Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

4.56p.m,

S.0.3rdB.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

What is your position, course antl speed?

1655

4.58 —

S.O.lstL.G.S.

Inconstant

S.L.

Edge across Falmouth's bows as soon as
you can.

1640

5.0 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Srd L.C.S. .

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 25 knots

—

5.0 —

Lion -

—

Remarks : Sighte'd 1st and 3rd L.C.S. on
starboard bow.

—

5.0 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

2nd L.C.S. .

Flags

Alter course in succession to N.N.W.

6.0 —

Admiralty -

C.-in-C.

W/T

At 4.9 p.m. Enemy battlefleet Lat. 56 27'
N., Long. 6 18' E., course N.W. 15 knots.

1700

5.0 —

S.O. 3rd B.S.

Admiralty

W/T

Urgent. 1 am proceeding to Black JJeep
light vessel.

1700 ,

5.0 —

Southampton

C.-in-C,
S.O. B.C.F.

W/T

Enemy's battlefleet is steering N., bearing
from me E., 10 to 11 miles distant.
Position Lat. 56 33' N., Long. 6 00' E.

1700

-1

5.1 —

S.O. B.C.F.

5th B.S.

Flags

Prokiiig the line ]>y taking station astern

5.2 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

S.O. 1st L.C.S.

S.L.

I am keeping up to keep clear of Battle
Cruisers.

1700
- 1

5.4 —

C.-in-C.

Attached

Flags

Take up station for the approach -

Cruisers.

5.5 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Engage the Enemy's right fro^n J to 4

—

5.5 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Srd L.C.S. -

Flags

Form single line-ahead in sequence you
now are.

-1

5.7 —

Nottingham -

S.O. 2nd L.C.S.

S.L.

Rear division of Enemy appears to have
altered this way.

1700

5.8 —

Nestor -

Captain DIS

W/T

All torpedoes fired , speed reduced to 17 knots

1705

5.10 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 24 knots -

—

5.10 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 25 knots

—

5.12 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

S.O. 1st L.C.S.

S.L.

Can you see what Enemy's Cruisers are
doing astern of us? Replj' : No. I can
see nothing of them.

1712

5.12 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Srd L.C.S. .

Flags

Alter course in succession to N. W. by N. -

—

5.14 —

Warspite

—

Remarks : Hit ....

—

5.15 —

Admiralty -

Commodore T.

L/T

Your 314. Complete with fuel. You maj-
have to lelieve Light Cruisers and De-
stroyers in B.C.F. later.

171.^)

5.15 —

Commodore T.

Admiralty

L/T

315. Priority. Urgent. I am proceeding
to sea.

1710

5.16 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

My position Lat. 57 25' N., Long. 5° 12'
E., steering S.E. by S., speed 20 knots.

1713

5.17 —

C.-in-C.

Thunderer

S.L.

Can you pass Conqueror? If so, do so -

1715

5.20 —

Canada

C.-in-C. -

Sem.

Have intercepted hoists of code, apparently
German. Call signs RA. RA. VT. ZIZ.

1710
_ 1

5.20 —

S.O. B.C.F.

Destrojers

Flags

Form a Submarine scicrn

5.20 —

Warspite

—

KtMuarks : Sighted Enemy's battlefleet -

—

5.20 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Srd L.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course in succe.s-.^ion to X.N.W.

— ;

5.21 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Oloucester

S.L.

Can you see Enemy Cruisers right astern ?
Reply : Yes. I think they are firing a! us,
but are 1,000 yards short.

1720
!

APPENDIX II.

456

Date,

.2^' Message.

Time

Time of

From

Despatch.

tem. "

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

5.22 p.m.

Tiger -

S.O.lstB.C.S. .

Sem.

After 6-inch magazine flooded, two guns
out of action.

1725

5.25 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Prepare to renew the action

—

5.25--

S.O. Cruisers

Owl

Flags

Take station on the present bearing five
cables.

—

5.30 —

S.O. B.C.F.

S.0.3rdB.C.S.

W/T

Check and repeat 1655. S.O. B.C.F. from
S.O. 3rd B.C.S.

( Repeated 5. 5 5 p.m . )

1655

5.30 —

S.O.lstL.C.S.

1st L.C.S.

Flags

Ships to be in open order

—

5.30 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Proceed at your utmost speed

5.30 —

Admiralty -

C.-in-C. Nore

L/T

With reference to A.L.M. 0782 of 24th
February, 1915. Hold tugs in readiness.

1730

.5..30 —

Falmouth -

—

Remarks : Sighted Cruisers port bow

—

5.30 —

Admiralty -

C.-in-C, Rosyth

L/T

With reference to A.L.M. 0782 of 13th
February, 1915, hold tugs in readiness.
Not necessary to do so at Clyde with
reference to A.L.M. 0782 of 24th February
1915.

1730

5.32 —

Captain D12

12th Flotilla -

Sem.

// fleet deploys to port L. T. will be formed.
1st and 2nd divisions forming on star-
board and port quarter of Faulknor, and
3rd division astern of Marks7nan. If
deployment is to starboard L.T.I will be
formed, order from port to starboard being
1st, 2nd and 3rd Divisions.

1745

5.32 —

Canterbury -

S.0.3rdB.C.S.

S.L.

Can see flrshes ahead ....

—

5.34 —

Indomitable

— .

—

Remarks : Invincible opened fire

—

5.35 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

S.L.

Alter course in succession to N.N.E.

—

5.35 —

Admiralty -

Commodore
Harwich ;
V.A. Dover.

L/T

With reference to Admiralty letter
M 07593 of the 3rd February, 1916.
Hold tugs in readiness.

1735

5.35 —

Admiralty -

Commodore T.

W/T

Your 315. Return at once and av/ait orders

1725

5.35 —

Indomitable

—

Remarks : Sighted ships firing on star-
board quarter.

—

5.35 —

S.O.lstL.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

Submit Submarine passed in Lat. 57° 05'
N., Long. 5° 12' E., at 3.40 p.m.

1735

5.35 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

2nd L.C.S. -

Flags

Close and form single line-ahead

—

5.3G —

Falmouth -

Black Prince

S.L.

Battle Cruisers engaged to the S.S.W.
of me.

1735

5.38 —

S.0.3rdB.C.S.

Destroyers

Flags

—

5.40 —

Orion -

—

Remarks : Centre ship of 1st C.S. opened

fire.
Remarks : 3rd B.C.S. altered course to-

—

5.40 —

Indomitable

wards Enemy without signal.

5.40 —

Inflexible

—

Remarks: Enemy Light Cruisers port bow

—

5.40 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Open fire and engage the Enemy -

—

5.40 —

Admiralty -

C.-in-C. Rosyth

L/T

Referring A.L.M. 03287 13th May, 1915,
despatch A. P. vessels for patrol as ar-
ranged.

1740

456

APPENDIX IT.

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

5.40 p.m.

Minotaur

C.-in-C.

S.L.

Report of guns heard South -

(Reports were also received from Hamp-
shire and Counts.)

5.40 —

R.A. Scapa -

Aberdeen

W/T

From S.N.O. Blyth. For C-in-C Sub-
marine patrol are to return p.m. 1st June
should they be ordered to remain as no
relief at present available.

{Received in Iron Duke, 11.55 p.m.)

1540

5.40 —

Galatea

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

Enemy Battle Cruisers altering course to
starboard.

{Time of receipt not shown in Lion's

log.)

1740

5.40 —

Southampton

C.-in-C,
S.O. B.C.F.

W/T

Urgent. Priority. The Enemy's battlefleet
have altered course N.N.W. My position
Lat. 56 46' N., Long. 5 40' E.

1740

5.40 —

Admiralty -

S.N.O., Jarrow,
R.A. Inver-
gorden,

R.A.EastCoast

L/T

With reference to A.L.M. 0782 of 13th
February, 1915. Hold tugs in readiness.

1740

5.40 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Shannon

S.L.

/ think you had better keep your Destroyer
within half a mile and give her a position.

1736

5.42 —

S.O. 1st C.S.

1st C.S.

Flag.s

—

5.42 —

Black Prince

C.-in-C. and
S.O. 2nd C.S.

W/T

Enemy Battle Cruisers bearing South five
miles. My position Lat. 56 59' N.,
Long. 5 24' E.

1740

5.45 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Owl

Sem.

Minotaur's position at 5 p.m. 57° 18',
5° 38', course S.E. by S., 21 knots.

1740

5.45 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

Warspite and
Barham.

S.L.

Enemy torpedo craft are approaching
from E.S.E.

—

5.45 —

Admiralty -

C.-in-C.

W/T

Enemy main force at 4.30 p.m. 56° 31' N.,
6 5' E., steering N. 15 knots.

{Received in Iron Duke, 5.5;i p.m.)

1745

5.45 —

Canterbury -

—

Remarks : Cruiser Kolbei-g class and
Destroyers starboard bow.

—

5.46 —

S.O. 1st C.S.

S.O. 2nd C.S.

W/T

Ships in action bearing S.S.W., steering

1745

C.-in-C.

and
S.L.

N.E. My position Lat. 57" 07' N., Long.
5^ 38' E.

5.47 —

S.O. B.G.F.

Light Cruisers

Flags

Attack the Enemy with torpedoes -

5.48 —

Falmouth -

S.O. Cruisers

S.L.

Two heavy Enemy ships bearing S.S.E.,
steering N.E. My position Lat. 57" 07'
N., Long. 5° 45' E.

1745

5.50 —

Calliope

C.-in-C.

S.L.

Have observed what appears to be flashes
of guns S.S.W.

—

5.-50 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

C.-in-C.

Sem.

Gunflashes and heavy gun firing on star-
board bow.

—

5.50 —

Admiralty -

S.N.O. Inver-
gordon,C.-in-C.

Rosyth, Ad.

Supt. Tyne.

L/T

Fleet action imminent. All docks should
be ready in case they are required for
vessels of the fleet.

17.50

5. .50 —

Southampton

C.-in-C, '
S.O. B.C.F.

W/T

Urgent. Priority. Enemy battlefleet has
altered course to N. Enemy Battle
Cruisers bear S.W. from Enemy battle-
fleet. My position Lat. 56 50' N., Long.
5 44' E.

1750

5.50 —

Duke of Edin-
burgh.

—

Remarks : Defence opened fire at Enemy

—

5.52 —

Canterbury -

—

Remarks : Opened fire

—

5.53-

Captain D12

12th Flotilla -

Sem.

Keep a good look-out for Enemy Submarines

—

APPENDIX II.

467

Message.

31 MAY -cont.

i 5.53 p.m. S.O. 1st C.S. \ Warrior

S.O.SnlB.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F.

Indomitable

Colossus

S.O.dthL.C.S.

C.-in-C.

Cordelia

Indomitable

R.A. 1st B.S.

Warspite

Caroline

S.0.4thL.C.S.

S.O. 5th B.S.

S.O. Cruisers

S.O. B.C.F.

C.-in-C.

— C.-in-C.

3rd B.C.S.
General

4th L.C.S.
Oak

5th Divisioji -

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

5th B.S.

Cruisers

General

S.O. B.C.F. -

General -

1st Flotilla ■

Time

of
Oriein.

5.53 —

Benbow

—

5.55 —

Inconstant -

—

6.55 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

6.55 —

C.-in-C.

Marlborough -

S.L.

Flags

Captain D,

1st Flotilla.
S.O.lstL.C.S. ! S.O. 3rd L.C.S.

Southampton C.-in-C. and
S.O. B.C.F.

Flags
Flags

Sem.

Open fire and engage the Enemy

Remarks : Firing reported off starboard

bow.
Remarks : Battlefleet sighted -

Admiral intends to proceed at 25 knots -

What can you see? Reply : Our Battle
Cruisers bearing S.S.W., steering East,
Lion leading ship.

Further reply irom Marlborough : 5th
B.S. bearing S.W.

Open fire and engage the Enemy

Alter course in succession to N.E. by E.

Speed 25 knots.
Remarks : Inflexible and Indomitable

opened fire.
Remarks : Battle Cruisers (British) sighted

starboard bow.
Close .......

Flags
Flags

S.L.
Flags

S.L.

Flags
Flags
Sem.

W/T

Take up approach station

Remarks : Lion appeared on fire forward

Remarks : Enemy three-funnelled Cruiser

out of action.
Remember traditions of glorious 1st of June

and avenge Belgium.
Remarks : Not under control signal

hoisted.
Smoke bearing South four columns, can hear

firing 2nd L.C.S.
Form single line-abreast to starboard, ships

to be five cables apart.
Enemy in sight. S.S.E. Battlefieet

Alter course in succession to N.E. Proceed

at your utmost speed.
Form single line-ahead in the sequence in

which ships now are. Open.fire South.
Alter course in succession to E.

Where is Enemy's B.F.? {Bepeatedat 6.10)
Reply : Have sighted Enemy's battle-
fleet bearing S.S.W.

(Received in Iron Duke 6.14 p.m.)

Alter course leading ships together, rest
in succession to South. Speed 18 knots.

Close ...--..

I was told to keep touch with Battle
Cruisers. It seems to be getting a bit
thick this end . What had we better do ?

Urgent. Have lost sight of Enemy's battle-
fleet. Am engaging the Enemy's Battle
Cruisers. My position is Lat. 56 57' N.,
Long. 5 43' E., course N.N.E., speed 26
knots.

468

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

t).") p.m

S. 0.3rd B.C. S

3rd B.C.S. .

Flags

Disregard the Admiral's motions

—

6.5 —

Strange
T.H.D.

Engadine

S.L.

Whole Hun battlofloot onming up, steer-
ing N. by K.

—

6.C —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course leading ships together the rest
in succession to S.E.

—

6.6 —

Lion -

C.-in-C.

S.L.

Enemy's B.Cs. bearing S.E. -

—

6.6 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. .3rd B.C.S.

W/T

My position is Lat. 55" 58' N., Long.
5° 37' E., course E., speed 25 knots.

1805

6.6 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. ■

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

—

6.7 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Ceasefire ....--

6.8 —

New Zealand

—

Remarks : Sighted Grand Fleet on port
how .

—

6.8 —

C.-in-C.

Destroyers

Flags

Take up Destroyer disposition No. 1

—

6.9 —

Duke of Edin-
burgh.

—

Remarks : Duke of Edinburgh opened fire

—

6.10 —

Indomitable

—

Remarks : Sighted battlefleet starboard

—

6.10 —

Barham

C.-in-C.

Flags
and

W/T

side.

Enemy's battlefleet S.S.E.

—

6.10 —

Duke of Edin-
burgh.

—

Remarks : Enemy Cruiser appeared to })c
hit and on fire.

—

6.10 —

S.O.dthL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Form single line ahead in sequence of fleet
numbers.

—

6.10 —

Tipperary -

Commodore F.

Sem.

Are you W. or V. ? Reply V.

—

6.10 —

S.O. Cruisers-

Cochrane

S.L.

2nd C.S. form single line ahead in sequence
of fleet numbers. Admiral intends to
proceed at 21 knots. Cease fire.

—

6.10 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Shannon

Sem.

I am going round to take up position in the
van for Easterly deployment.

1810

6.11 —

S.O.ithL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together 16 poiiits to starboard-

—

6.12 —

Captain D12

12th Flotilla -

Flags

Take up cruising order L.T.

—

6.12 —

S.O.SrdB.C.S.

S.O. 3rd L.C.S.

S.L.

Wliere is Lion ?-.---

—

0.13 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Hampshire

S.L.

Can you see our battlefieet, and which way
are they steering ?

1812

6.14 —

S.O.SthB.S..

nth B.S.

Flags

Form single line-ahead in sequence in which
ships now are.

—

6.14 —

Commodore F.

11th Flotilla -

Flags

Take up cruising order No. 2, speed 25
knots.

—

6.15 —

Indomitable -

Indotnitable and

Flags

Form single line-ahead in the sequence in

—

Inflexible.

which ships now are.

6 15 —

Indomitable -

—

Reinarks : Invincible resumed Guide of fleet

—

6.15 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags
and

W/T

The column nearest S.E. by E. is to alter
course in succession to that point of the
compass, the remaining columns altering
course leading ships together the rest in
succession so as to form astern oii that
column, maintaining the speed of the
Fleet.

6.15 -

Inflexible

—

■—

Remarks : Altered course to avoid torpedo

- —

6 15 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

2nd C.S.

Flags
S.L.

Form single line-ahead in sequence of fleet
numbers. Ships in column to be in open
order.

—

APPENDIX II.

469

Date,

Time

Time of

From

Sys-

Message.

Despatch.

tem.

■

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

6.15 p.m.

Fearless

— Remarks : Large explosion seen in
Enemy's line. 6.17. Further explosion

6.17 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Destroyers

seen.
Flags Form Submarine screen ....

—

6.17 —

Commodore F.

11th Flotilla -

Flags 1st Division take station astern. 2nd
Division take station on port quarter.

—

6.18 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags Alter course in sticcession 16 points to port-

—

6.19 —

C.-in-C.

S.Os. in com-
pany. {Call
sign of S.O.
3rd B.C.S.
apparently
used.)

W/T Priority. Present course of fleet S.E. by E.

1815

6.21 —

ConmiodoreF.

Active -

Sem. Keep out of way of Destroyers

—

6.21 —

S.O. B.C.F -

General

Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 26 knots -

—

6.22 —

Hampshire -

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

S.L. Our battlefleet appears to be standing to the
Southward bearing S.W. by.W.

1810

6.22 —

S.O.dthL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags Alter course together to S.E. by E. -

—

6.22 —

S.O.dthL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags Form single line-ahead in sequence of fleet
numbers. Speed 25 knots.

—

6.23 —

C.-in-C.

llthFlotiUa -

Flags Present course of the fleet is S.E. by E -

1815

6.24 —

Southampton

C.-in-C. -
S.O. B.C.F.

W/T Enemy battlefleet bear 10 to 11 miles
S.S.E. Course of Enemy battlefleet N.E.
My position Lat. 56' 58' N., Long. 5 51' E.

1820

6 2-1 —

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th Division -

Flags Open fire and engage the Enemy

—

6.2.5

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Hampshire -

S.L. Close Minotaur . . . . .

—

6.26 —

S.O. 3rd B.C. S

3rd B.C.S. ■

Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

—

6.26 —

C.-in-C.

Dreadnought
Battlefleet
and attached
Cruisers.

W/T : Admiral intends to proceed at 14 knots

and
Flags

6.27 —

S.O. 1st L.C.S.

Inconstant

S.L. My speed has been reduced to 18 knots.

—

Go on with 1st L.C.S. and try and get

ahead of battlefleet.

6.27 —

Lion -

C.-in-C. via
van Battle-
ship and 4th
L.C.S.

S.L.

Enemy battlefleet in sight bearing South,
the nearest ship is distant seven miles.

1818

6.27 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Destroj'ers

Flags

Form single line-ahead in sequence of
fleet numbers. Take station on the
port beam of Minotaur, one mile.

6.29 —

S.0.3rdB.C.S.

3rd B.C.S. •

Flags

Open fire ..-..-

—

6.29 —

C.-in-C.

Dreadnought

W/T

Subdivisions separately alter course in

—

Battlefleet

and

succession to S.S.E., preserving their

and attached

Flags

formation.

Cruisers.

{Negatived. )

6.29 —

Commodore F.

11th Flotilla -

Flags

Alter course in succession to E.S. E, Speed
20 knots.

—

6.30 —

S.O. 1st L.C.S.

1st L.C.S.

Flags

1st L.C.S. join Inconstant

—

6.30 —

, R.A. 1st B.S.

5th Division -

Flags

Open fire and engage the Enemy

—

460

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch

31 MAY

6,30 p.m.

C.-in-C.

Bcnbow

Inconstant -

Indomitable -

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Commodore F.

Princess
Royal.
S.O. Cruisers.

Commodore F.

S.O. B.C.F. -

Comtnodore F.

S.O. 1st B.S.-

Engadine

Canterbury -

S.O. UhL.C.S.

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

Benbow

S.O. B.C.F. -

Hampshire -
Indomitable -
Commodore F.
S.O. B.C.F. -
S.O. 2nd C.S.
S.0.4thL.C.S.
S.O. 2nd C.S.
S.0.4thL.C.S.
C.-in-C.

General

Phaeton and

Cordelia.
S.O. B.C.F.

2nd C.S.

nth Flotilla

S.O. B.C.F.

Cruisers

nth Flotilla

Indomitable

Badger -

11th Flotilla

Colossus

4th L.C.S. -
Birmingham -

S.O. .3rd L.C.S.

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

S.O. B.C.F.

11th Flotilla

Destroyers

Hampshire

4th L.C.S.

2nd C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Dreadnought
Baltlefleet
and attached
Cruisers.

Flags

S.L.
Sem.
Flags

S.L.
Flags
Flags

S.L.

Flags

Sem.

Flags
Flags

S.L.

S.L.
S.L.

Flags

W/T
and
Flags

Remarks : Invincible blew up

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots -

Remarks : Benbow's first gun fired. B

turret.
Take station astern of Inconstant -

What speed are you going ? Reply : 15

knots.
Keep me informed of movements of our own

battlefleet.
Admiral intends to proceed at 14 knots

Following received : Present course of

fleet is S.E. by E.
Alter course in succession to S.S.E. -

Admiral intends to proceed at 12 knots

What speed are you going ? Reply : 25

Pick up men from ship on starboard hand

Alter course together two points to port

Why are you haiding out of line ?

(Note. — Made three times, no reply.)
Remarks : Sighted Warrior in damaged

condition.
Remarks : Shark or Fortune hit and on

fire.
Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots

Close . . . . .

Remarks : Acasta in danger of sinking -

What is bearing of Enemy's Battle

Cruisers ? Reply : Last seen 1820.

Altered course to W., engaged by 3rd

B.C.S.
Shall I take station in the line ? Reply :

Yes, take station astern of Shannon.
Invincible has sunk - - -

Alter course together two points to starboard

Destroyers take station ahead-

Take station 2^ cables astern of Shannon -

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

Form single line-ahead in the seqrience in

which ships now are.
Alter course together 12 points to starboard-

Divisions separately alter course in suc-
cession to S.E., preserving their forma-
tion.

1830

184.5

APPENDIX II.

461

Date,

Time of

Despatch. ;

From

Sys-
tem.

Time

of
Origin.

31 MAY ~-co}iL
6.4.5 p.m. S.O.lstL.C.S.

6.45 — Commodore F,

6.45 — Commodore F.

6.45 ■- Indomitable -

6.46 — New Zealand

6.46 — S.O. 4th L.C.S
6. 46 — Captain D,12

6.47 — Commodore F.
6.48— S.O. 4th L.C.S.
6.50 — Marlborough

6.50 — Commodore F.

6.50— I S.O. B.C.F. -

6.51 — I Indomitable

6.51— S.O. 4th L.C.S.

6.52— S.O. 4th L.C.S

6.52— ! S.O. 4th L.C.S

6.53— S.O. B.C.F.
6.53 — j CoNimodore F.

6.54— C.-in-C.

6.54 —

6.55 —
6.55 —
6.55 —

6.55 —

6.56 —

6.57 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Com,modore F.
Indomitable •
Engadine
C.-in-C.

C.-in-C.

Commodore F.
Captain D13-
Capiain D12

Inconatant
11th Flotilla
11th Flotilla
3rd B.C.S.

4th L.C.S.
12th Flotilla
11th Flotilla
4th L.C.S.

11th Flotilla - \
General

3rd B.C.S. -
4th L.C.S.
4th L.C.S. '
Cliampion
General
11th Flotilla

S.O. B.C.F., -

S.O. 3rd

B.C.S., S.O.

2nd C.S.
C.-in-C.

11th Flotilla -

Inflexible

Warrior

Dreadnought
Battlefleet
and attached
Cruisers.

S.O. 1st B.S.-

11th Flotilla -
S.O. 4th L.C.S.
12th Flotilla •

S.L.
Flags
Flags
Flags

Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags

Flags

Flags
and
S.L.

Flags

Flags
Flags

S.L.
Flags
Flags

W/T

W/T
Flags
Sem.
S.L.

W/T

and
Flags

S.L.
Flags
S.L.
Flags

All right now. Am coming on at 22 knotn.

Do not wait for nie.
Alter course together four points to starboard

Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots

Admiral intends to jjroceed at 15 knots

Remarks : Sighted 3rd B.C.S. one point

on starboard bow.
Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

Alter course in succession to S.E., speed

17 knots.
Admiral intends to proceed at 25 knots

Alter course together 12 points to port

Remarks : Marlborough struck starboard

side.
Alter course together two points to port

3rd B.C.S. prolong the line astern -

Form single line ahead - - - -

Alter course in succession to S.S.E. -

Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots

Am going' round starboard bow of King

George V.
Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots -

Form astern and follow in the wake of your

divisional Guides.
Present course of fleet is South

Thank you for a good lead

Can you see any Enemy Battleships ?
Reply : No.

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

You are blanketing me

Alter course in succession two points to port

1854

Submarine in sight in position Lat. 57' 02' 1845
N., Long. 6^ 24' E. I

Alter course together four jwints to starboard \ —

Reply : —

Can I do anything for you

Stand by me. ;

Alter course leading ships together the ; —

rest in succession to South.

1850

462

APPENDIX n.

Date, 1

Sya-
torn.

Time

Time of

Fioin

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

6.57 p.m.

Cottnnodore F.

Ihh Flotilla -

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard

—

6.57 —

Marlborough j C.-in-C.

W/T

Urgent. Have been struck by a mine or
torpedo, but not certain which.

1855

6.58 —

Marlborough

C.-in-C.

W/T

Urgent. Have been struck by a torpedo -

1857

6.58 —

;S.0.3rd L.C.b

3rd L.C.S. -

Flags

Form single line-ahead in sequence oj Jleet

numbers.

6.59 —

Coimnoilore F.

nth Flotilla -

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 25 knots

—

7.0 —

K. G. V.

C.-in-C.

S.L.

There is a Submarine ahead of you

1859

7.0 —

Warri(jr

Engadine

S.L.

Both engine rooms are full of steam.
Please keep close by me, port quarter.

7.0 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Destroj'crs

Flags

Form Submarine screen No. 3

—

7.0 —

(received)

7.0 —

S.O. B.C.F. - C.-in-C.

S.L.

Enemy are to Westward

1755

Benbow - —

—

Remarks : I'assed Invincible — Destroyer

—

rescuing survivors.

7.0 —

Commodore F.

nth Flotilla -

Flags

Admiral intends to jjroceed at 20 knots

! —

7.0 —

Commodore F.

11th Florilla -

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard

_
1

7.0 —

Captain D12

12th Flotilla -

Flags

Alter course in succession to South -

i _

7.0 —

Canterbury -

S.O. 3rd L.C.S.

Sem.

May I join up with you ? Reply : Yes. -

7.0 —

S.O. 4thL.C.S

ith L.C.S. -

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 25 knots

7.0 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Admiral intends to jiroceed at 18 knots -

—

7.1 —

Duke of Edin-
burgh.

Central

Flagd

Submarine on port side, two points from
right ahead.

—

7.3 —

C.-in-C. - Badger -

S.L.

Is wreck one oi our ships ? Reply : Yes,
Invincible.

•

7.3 —

Iron Duke - —

Remarks : Passed Invincible bottom up.

Badger standing by.

7.4 —

Colossus

—

Remarks : JMarlborough liauled out of line
to starboard.

—

7.4 —

Southampton

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

Urgent. Priority. Enemy battlefleet
steering E.S.E. Enemy bears from me
S.S.W. Nimnber miknown. My posi-
tion Lat. 57" 02' N., Long. 6" 07'' E
(Received in Iron Duke 7.0 p.m.)

1900

7.4 —

S.O. Jlh L.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

! —

7.4 —

Commodore F.

nth Flotilla -

Flags

Alter course together eight jwints to port

—

7.5 —

Captain D12-

12th Flotilla ■

Flags

Alter course together three points to starboard

—

7.5 —

Commodore F.

nth Flotilla -

Flags

Cruising order No. 2. Course South

1 —

7.5 —

C.-in-C.

Dreadnought

W/T

Alter course together three points to star-

Battlefleet

and

board.

and attached

Flags

Cruisers.

7.8 —

Fearless

—

Remarks : Galatea took Acasta in tow.
7.10, Galatea slippped Acasta.

7.8 —

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course togetJi^r three points to starboard.

1 ""
i

APPENDIX II.

463

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

despatch.

Origin.

(1 MAY

— cont.

7.9 p.m

C.-in-C.

Dreadnought
Battlefleet
and attached

W/T Alter course together three points to port
and
Flags

Cruisers.

7.9 —

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together three jjoints to jjort

—

7.9 —

Benbow

C.-in-C.

Sem. Enemy Destroyers S.W.

(Received in Iron Duke 7.16 ]).iit.)

1908

7.9 —

C.-in-C.

Dreadnought
Battlefleet
and attached
Cruisers.

W/T JUter course together to South
and
Flags

7 10 —

E.A. IstB.iS.

CoUingwood -

Flags Follow in the wake oj your next ahead -

—

7 10 —

Fearless

Galatea

— Can I be of any assistance ? Reply : Will
you look after Acasta ? Reply : Yes.

—

7 10 —

Captain D12-

12th Flotilla -

Flags Alter course together three points to port -

—

7 10 —

Commodore F.

nth Flotilla .

Flags Alter course together two jjoints to starboard.
' Speed 25 knots.

—

7.11 —

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags Alter course together four points to poi't

—

7.12 —

C.-in-C.

1st B.S.

S.L. Take station astern of 4th B.S.

—

7.12 —

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

4th L.C.S.

Flags Alter course together eight points to starboard

—

7.12 —

S.O. B.C.F.-

Tiger

S.L. Rejwrt state of turrets ? Reply : X and B

turrets are out of action.

7.12 —

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

Constance

Sem.

Get astern of me

—

7.13 —

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th Division ■

Flags

Subdivisions separately alter course in sue*

cession two points away from the Enemy

jjreserving their formation.

7.13 —

Benbow

—

Remarks : 6-inch guns in action

—

7.15 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots -

—

7.15 —

Commodore F.

11th Flotilla -

Flags ' Alter course together two points to pent

7.15 —

Duke of Edin-
bui-gh.

Hampshire -

S.L. What speed are you going? Reply :
21 knots.

—

7.15 —

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th Division

Flags Speed 13 knots. Alter course together two
points to starboard. (Negatived.)

—

7.16 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. .

Flags

Alter course together four paints to star-
board. Admiral intends to proceed at

—

IS knots.

7.16 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.L. 2nd B.S. take station ahead -
and
Flags

7.1S —

Fearless

Acasta -

S.L. What damage have j'ou sustained?
Reply : Holed fore and aft, engines and
boilers out of action.
Are you making much water? Reply :
Not now.

7.18 —

C.-in-C.

2nd B.S.

S.L. Increase speed of engines

—

7.18 —

C.-in-C.

2nd B.S.

Flags ' Proceed at your utmost speed

—

7.20 —

R.A. 1st B.S.

5th Division -

Flags

Follow in the wake of your next ahead

—

7.20 —

Fearless

Champion

S.L.

Have you any Destroyers to spare to stand
by Acasta? Reply : No.

4(jt

APPENDIX II,

Dale,

Time of

Despatch,

From

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

31 MAY

7.L'<) p.in

— cottl.
Warrior

7.20— C.-in-C.

S.O. I'lul CS.

C.-in-C.
C.-in-C.

S.U. B.C.F.
C.-in-C.

S.O.dt/iL.C.S.
S.O.ithL.G.S.
S.O. B.C.F.

C.-in-C.

Fearless
Inflexible

Commodore F.
S.O. Cruisers

S.O.ithL.C.S.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
Indomitable

Marlborough

C.-in-C .
Warrioi
C.-in-C.

JOiiy;ii(liiio - i

Dreadnought
Battleileet
and attached i
Cruisers. I

iJiiko of Edin- I
l)urgli. I

2nd B.S.

Dreadnought |
Battlefleet
and attached j
Cruisers. |

(Jeneral - i

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. ■
4th L.C.S. ■
General

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

Dreadnought
Battlefleet
and attached
Cruisers.

Acasta

Sem.

W/T

and

Flags

W/T

and

Flags

Sem.
S.L.

S.L.
Flags

Sem.

1st Half- Flotilla'. Flags

Cruisers

4th L.C.S. -
2nd B.S.

C.-in-C.

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

Engadine

Flags

Flags
Flags

^^7T

S.L.
F.L.

Dreadnought W/T
Battlefleet and

and attached Flags
Cruisers. I

Have a bad list and cannot stop engines —

Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots

Take station astern of Hanipsiiire - - | —

Alter course together four points to port —

Subdivisions separately alter course in —
succession two points away from Enemy
preserving their formation.

Admiral intends to }jroceed at 24 knots - —

4th L.C.S. prepare to attack the torpedo —
vessels of Enemy. Proceed at your
utmost speed.

Alter course together eight points to port - —

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots - ■ —

Enemy's Destroyers are approaching to —
attack.

Do not get in the way of firing of Battle —
Cruisers.

Subdivisions separately alter course in
succession two points away from Enemy
preserving their formation.

I must leave you - - - - —

Remarks : Enemy's torpedo boat on —
starboard beam steering towards us
(subsequently altering course to star-
board.)
Attack E7iemy Destroyers bearing IV.N.W. —

Form single line-ahead in the sequence in I — »
which ships now are. Admiral intends
to proceed at 21 knots.

Admiral intends to proceed at 25 knots - I

Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots - —

Remarks : Struck under fore part. Sup- —
posed Submarine starboard side.

My speed is reduced to 17 knots -

{Not logged as having been received in
Iron Duke. )
Do not go too near Enemy's battlefleet -

Am now trying to shut off steam in engine

room.
Alter course leading sbips together rest

in succession to S. by W.

1932
1931

APPENDIX II.

465

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

31 MAY

7.35 p.m.

7.36 —

— cont.
S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Commodore F.

3rd L.C.S. -
11th Flotilla ■

S.L.
Flags

Wh ich side are your torpedoes ready ?
Replies : Yarmouth, both tubes loaded
with L.R. torpedoes; Gloucester, both
sides ; Canterbury, both sides.

Cruising order No. 2. Course S.S.W.

1930

7.36 —

S.O.dthL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

S.L.

Alter course together eight points to port

—

7.36 —

Owl -

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.L.

Should Destroyers join up with their own
flotillas? Reply: No, remain where you

1930

7.36 —
7.38 —

C.-in-O.

Commodore F.

Dreadnought

Battlefieet.

11th Flotilla -

W/T
Flags

Form single line-ahead in sequence of
fleet numbers.

Alter course in succession to South -

1936

7.38 —

Captain D12

12th Flotilla ■

Flags

Open fire, South-West ....

—

7.39 —

Constance -

General

Flags

Torpedo passing from starboard to port -

—

7.39 —

Commodore F.

11th Flotilla -

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots

—

7.39 —

7.40 —

S.O.dthL.C.S.
Engadine

Inflexible

4th L.C.S. .
Warrior

S.O. B.C.F. -

Flags
F.L.

Flags

Submarine jjort side three points from righ

ahead.
What speed are you going? Reply : I

don't know. I am trying to shut off

steam.
Submarine starboard beam . . -

—

7.40 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

—

7.40 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.L.

My course S.W. •

—

7.40 —

C.-in-C.

Destroyers

S.L.

Recall .... - .

—

7.40 —
7.40 —

Lion •

S.O.ithL.C.S.

C.-in-C.

4th L.C.S. .

W/T
Flags

Enemy bears from me N.W. by W. dis-
tant 10 to 11 miles. My position
Lat. 56° 56' N., Long. 6° 16' E. Course
S.W. Speed 18 knots.

Am taking station on battlefleet

1930

7.40 —
7.40 —

Captain D12

Canterbury -

12th Flotilla -

Flags

Attack the torpedo vessels of the Enemy

bearing S. W.
Remarks : Enemy Light Cruiser on fire

7.40 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots -

—

7.42 —

Indomitable -

Inflexible

F.L.

I am going slow. I think I have been hit •

—

7.42 —
7.42 —

C.-in-C.

Commodore F.

8rd and 4th
Divisions.

11th Flotilla ■

Flags
Flags

Form single line-ahead in sequence of
fleet numbers. Course S.W.

Alter cotirse together two points to port

■~—

-7.43 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

Present course of fleet S.W. -

19<0

7.43 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

3rd L.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

7.44 —

S.O.ithL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots

—

7.45 —

Warrior

Engadine

F.L.

Stand by to tow me ....

...

7.45 —

C.-in-C.

Destroyers

S.L.

Tell Castor to come back. Des!royor.i
recalled.

z 12872

0 <

460

APPENDIX n.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

31 MAY -cont.
7.45 p.m. Southampton

Captain D12
Commodore F.
S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Faulknor
S.O. B.C.F.

Commodore F.
Llewellyn
Coinmodore F.
S.O. B.C.F -

S.O.SrdL.C.S.
C.-in-C.
S.O.ithL.G.S.
Commodore F.
S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. B.C.F.

Time

of
Origin.

C.-in-C.

12th Flotilla -
11th Flotilla -
3rd L.C.S. -

S.O. 2nd L.C.S,
S.O. 2nd C.S.

11th Flotilla •

Captain D13,

Captain Dl.

11th Flotilla -

C.-in-C.

3rd L.C.S. -
Marlborough -
4th L.C.S. ■
S.O. 2nd B.S.
Minotaur
Battle Cruisers

Lion

Captain D12
S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. B.C.F.

12th Flotilla -
Princess Royal

VV/T

Flags
Flags
Flags

S.L.
S.L.

Flags
S.L.

Flags

W/T

Flags
S.L.

Flags

S.L.

Sem.
and

W/T

Flags
S.L.

Urgent. Enemy has detached unknown
number of ships, type unknown, which
are steering N.W. at 7.15 p.m. My
position Lat. 56 50' N., Long. 6 27' E.

Alter course together fotir points to port

Alter course together two pohits to starboard

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots.

Form single line-ahead in sequence of

fleet numbers.
Am sending a division of Destroyers to

attack Desti'o j'^ers on my starboard beam.
Pass to leading British Battleship. Lead-
ing Enemy Battleship bears N.W. by W.,

course about S.W.

{Note K. G. V. passed to C.-in-C.

Received in Iron Duke via K. G. V.

7.59 p.m.)
Alter course in succession to S. W.

Onslow unable to steam, in tow of Defender.

Defender two boilers out of action.
Admiral intends to j:)roceed at 17 knots

Urgent. Submit van of Battleships follow
Battle Cruisers. We can then cut off
whole of enemy's battlefleet.

[Received in Iron Duke, 7.51 p.m.)

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

Are you alright? Reply : Can only steam
17 knots.

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

What is course and speed of fleet? Reply :

S.W. 15 knots.
Wliat ship are you? Reply : H.M.S.
Minotaur.

I Itidicate state of efficiency of ships as
follows : (1) Maximum speed maintain-
able, (2) Nutnber of guns main armament

I fit for action, (3) Indicate amount of

I ammunition remaining, expressed in

1 tenths of the original outfit.

I Princess Royal — (1) Full speed, (2) Six

guns, (3) Eight-tenths. Inflexible — (1)
25 knots, (2) Seven guns, (3) Nine-tetjths.

I Indomitable — (/) Full speed, (2) All guns,
(3) Nine-tenths.
Reply : Lion — Q turret out of action. A
ttirret, one gun correct, one hand-loading.
B turret correct. X turret, one gun
correct and one gun te?tiporarily disabled.
100 rounds per turret remaining. 4-in.
guns correct. Two 4 S.A. battery.
Alter course together four points to starboard

Indicate your position^. Reply : 8 p.m.
position 56° 48' N., 6° 8' E. Reply
from Lion : Our position is the satne as
yourt.

APPENDIX n.

467

31 MAY

7.52 p.m

Commodore F.

Indomitable •

Duke of Edin-
burgh.
Tiger -

S.O. B.G.F.

Warrior

Dulce of Edin-
burgh.
Indomitable -

Commodore F.

Captain D12

S.O.dthL.C.S.

Commodore F.

Warrior

Engadine

General

11th Flotilla .

Inflexible

Hampshire

S.O. B.C.F.
and S.O. 1st
B.C.S.

Tiger

Engadine

Inflexible
11th Flotilla -
12th Flotilla -
4th L.C.S. ■
11th Flotilla -
Engadine
S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. B.C.F. i Light Cruisers

S.O.SrdL.C.S.
Badger

Minotaur
C.-in-C.

3rd L.C.S. -
S.0.4thL.C.S.

General

C.-in-C. - S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. 1st B.S. I Revenge

S.O.SrdL.C.S.
Captain D12
Marksman -

3rd L.C.S.
12th Flotilla
Opal

Flags
Flags

S.L.

Sem.

Sem.
Sem.

S.L.

Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags
Sem.
W/T

S.L.

Flags
Sem.

Flags
and

W/T

W/T
Sem.

Flags
Flags
Sem.

Admiral has resumed Guide of fleet

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots
I have had to ease to 14 knots ...

What are you firing at? Reply : Sub-
marine on port quarter.

Q magazine is flooded and I cannot right
ship at present. I am taking in consider-
able water every time helm is put over.

Where is water entering ship ? Reply :

After 6-in. and Q magazine.
Keep close on my port quarter

Remarks : Opened fire on Submarine port

beam.
A7n now going 20 knots - - . .

Alter course in succession to West

Admiral intends to proceed at 12 knots

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

We are nearly stopped. Come and take

me in tow.
Am standing by Warrior. Position,

Lat. 57° lO'JSr., Long. 5° 43' E., steering

W.N.W.

{Received in Iron Duke, 8.10 p.m.)
Sweep to the Westward and locate the

head of the Enemy's line before dark.
(Passed to 3rd L.C.S. by S.O. 3rd

L.C.S. at 8.14 p.m.)
Light Cruisers form on a compass line of

bearing South, course West.
Could you please give me present posi-
tion? Reply : Position at 7.50 p.m.,

56° 46' N., 6° 03' E.
Remarks : Hampshire reported Submarine

on port side, then starboard side.

Hampshire and Shannon opened fire.

Divisions separately alter course in succes-
sion to West preserving their formation.
Speed 17 knots.

Present coarse of fleet is West

You must try and not run up on me, I can
only go 17 knots.

Ships in column to be one mile apart

Alter course in succession to S.W.

I am going to get into cruising order L.T.
again.

6 g 2

468

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

Sys-
tem.

Message.

i Time

of
lOrigin

81 MAT

8.7 p.m.

8.7 —

8.8 —

8.9 —

8.10 —

8.11 —

8.12 —
8.14 —

8.14 —

8.15 —
8.15 —

8.15 —

8.15 —
8.15 —

8.15 —

8.16 —

8.17 —
8.17 —

8.17 —

8.18 —

8. 1 8 —

8.19 —
8 20 —

8.20 —
8.20 —

— cont.
C.-in-C.

Shaymon
Captain D12
Commodore F.
S.O. 2nd C.S.
S.0.3rdL.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
Princess Royal
Commodore F.
Commodore F.
C.-in-C.

Coinmodore F.

Marlborough

PrincessRoyal

Commodore F.

Kem,penfelt -
S.O.SrdL.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
S.O.dthL.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.
Falmouth
New Zealand
S.O.ithL.C.S.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
Falmouth
S.O. B.C.F -
S.O.SrdL.C.S.
Inflexible

Marlborough -

S.O. Cruisers
12th Flotilla -
11th Flotilla -
Cruisers
S.O. B.C.F. -
General
S.O. B.C.F. -
1st Half -Flotilla
Kempenfelt -
S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.O. 2nd B.S.
S.O. B.C.F. -

S.0.4thL.C.S.

and Kempen

felt.
3rd Division of

Destroyers.
3rd L.C.S. -

Minotaur

1st Division,

4th L.C.S.
Battle Cruisers

4th L.C.S. -
R.A. 2nd B.S.

S.0.2ndL.C.S.
Light Cruisers

S.L.
and

W/T

S.L.

Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags

Sem.
Flags

F.L.

S.L.

Flags

Sem.
F.L.

F.L.
Flags

S.L.
Flags
Flags

Flags
S.L.

W/T
Flags

Is there any reply to my 1945? -
Reply : "A " boiler room, dynamo room,
starboard hydraulic room flooded. Slight
leak in foremost 6-inch magazine. Maxi-
mum speed 17 knots. Right gun of
" A " turret out of action.
Battlefleet altering to W. by N. IN. 17 knots

Alter course in succession to West

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

Admiral intends to proceed at 19 knots

Ships bearing N. by W. -

Open fire ..-.--

Tiger reports two guns put out of action

Attack Destroyers N.W. . - - -

Do not follow unless Enemy are in force -

2nd B.S. follow our Battle Cruisers

(Logged as having been received in

King George V. at 8.7 p.m.)
Enemy's Destroyers bearing N.W. -

(Passed to C.-in-C. 8.26 p.m.)
Remarks : Marlborough sighted Submarine

starboard bow.
/ think Pruicess Royal must have run over

a Submarine. Ship is not making water.

There was a very heavy bump.
12 enemy Destroyers N.W. - . -

2000
2005

2000

2010

Take station astern . - - - -

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

What is bearing of our leading battleship?

Reply : N.N.E. five miles King George V.

Support Castor .....

Alter course in succession to W. Admiral

intends to proceed at 1 7 knots.
Remarks : Opened fire - - - ' -

Remarks : Enemy opened fire

Proceed at your utmost speed -

Follow me ....-•

Remarks : Zeppehn in sight, port beam

(vmcertain).
WTiat is your position, course and speed?

Are you in touch with the Enemy?
Open fire and engage the Enemy

Remarks : Opened fire

201C

2011

APPENDIX U.

469

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

Jl MAY

— cont.

8.21p.m.

S.O. B.C.F.

General

P'lags

Alter course in succession to W.S.W.

—

8.21 —

C.-in-C.

Dreadnought
BattleSeet
and attached
Cruisers.

W/T

Alter course leading ships together the
rest in succession to W.S.W.

8.21 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

Present coiirse of fleet is W.S.W. -

2020

8.22 —

Commodore F.

IstHalf-Flotilla

Flags

Reform

—

8.25 —

Caroline

2nd Division,
4th L.C.S.

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

—

8.25 —

Canada

C.-in-C.

Sem.

Have received on D wave 14 groups,
apparently German. Call signs RZ RZ
RZ.

2020

8.25 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course in succession to S.W. -

—

8 25 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

8th Group

Destroyers.

Flags

Take station ahead of Minotaur

—

8J25 —

C.-in-C.

Dreadnought

W/T

Alter course leading ships together the

—

Battlefleet

and

rest in succession to West.

and attached

Flags.

Cruisers.

8.25 —

S.O.dthL.C.S.

Constance and
Comus.

Sem.

Get out on quarter and open fire on Destroyers
ahead.

—

8.25 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

3rd L.C.S. ■

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 25 knots

—

8.26 —

Commodore F.

IstHalf-Flotilla

Flags

Alter course in succession to S.W.

—

8.27 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

When Minotaur hauls out turn together
without further signal.

2027

8.28 —

Caroline

2nd Division,
4th L.C.S.

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 21 knots

—

8.28 —

C.-in-C.

Dreadnought

W/T

Alter course leading ships together the

—

Battlefleet.

and

Flags

rest in succession to S.W.

8.28 —

Falmouth -

C.-in-C. and
S.O. B.C.F.

W/T

Urgent. Am engaging Enemy's Cruisers.
My position Lat. 56 47' N., Long. 5" 46' E.

2022

8.29 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

8.30 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Birkenhead
and Yar-
mouth.

Sem.

Form astern

—

8.30 —

S.O. 2ndL.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

My position Lat.56° 46' N., Long.6° 25' E.,
course W.S.W., speed 20 knots, in com-
pany with our battlefleet, not in touch
with Enemy

2025

8.30 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

Present course of fleet is S.W.

2024

8.31 —

Royal
Sovereign.

C.-in-C.

W/T

Permission to join your flag -

201

B.31 —

Benbow

—

Remarks : Torpedo passed the ship from
port to starboard.

3.31 —

Commodore F.

11th Flotilla -

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

3,32 —

Captain D12

12th Flotilla -

Flags

Alter course in succession to S.W. -

—

3.33 —

Inconstant •

S.O. B.C.F.

W/T

Submarine, Lat. 56°56' N., Long.6° 06' E.

2030

;

and C.-in-C.

3.34 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Alter course together two points to starboard

—

3.35 —

Caroline

2nd Divisio7i

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots -

—

4th L.C.S.

•

470

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

Sys-
tem.

Time

of
Origin.

31 MAT
8.35 p.m.

8.35 —

8.37 —

8.38 —

8.39 —

8.40 —
8.40 —
8.40 —
8.40 —

8.40 —
8.45 —

8.45 —

8.46 —

8.47 —
8.50 —
8.50 —
8.50 —

8.50 —

8.51 —

8.54 —
8 55 —

8.55 —

8.57 —

— cont.
Warrior

Commodore F.

Warrior via
Engadine.

C.-in-C.

Commodore F.
S.O. Cruisers
Engadine
Canterbury -
S.O. 2ndB.S.
Admiralty -

Tiger -
Commodore F.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
C.-in-C,

Falmouth -

Captain D12-
Comus
Caroline
Warspite

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

Black Prince
Inflexible
Inconstant •
S.O. B.C.F.-

S.O.Cruisers

Engadine
llth Flotilla
C.-in-C.

Comus -

llth Flotilla
Cruisers

Chester
S.O. B.C.F.
Australia

S.O, B.C.F.
llth Flotilla
C.-in-C.
S.O. B.C.F.

C.-in-C,
S.O. B.C.F.

12th Flotilla -
Boadicea
Royalist
S.O. 5th B.S.-

C.-in-C.
C.-in-C. -

1st L.C.S.
S.O. 2nd C.S.

Cruisers

Sem. What is your position now ? Reply :
57'^ 10' N., 5"^ 42' E.
Alter course together four points to starboard

Flags

W/T

F.L.

Flags
S.L.

S.L.

W/T
W/T

W/T
Flags

W/T
W/T

W/T

Flags
F.L.
F.L.

W/T

S.L.

W/T

F.L.
S.L.

S.L.

Both engines disabled. Warrior in tow of 2103
Engadine, Lat. 67' 10' N., Long, b 37' E.

Who are you firing at ? Reply : Enemy's

B.F. bearing West.
Take up cruising order No. 2. Speed 22

knots.
Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

Remarks: Took Warrior in tow. Position

57° 10' N., 5° 42' E.
I am coming in ahead of you - - -

Priority. What is your position, course
and speed ? Am following you.

Reported from reliable source that com-
merce raider Moewe has sailed from
Wilhelmshaven, also that Niobe was
expecting to sail on 1st June from
Wilhelmshaven on raiding cruise.

Main WjT can receive only . . -

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

Urgent. Our Battle Cruisers are not in

sight.
Indicate the bearing of Enemy

{Logged by S.O. B.C.F. as having been

received frofn Galatea. Vide 2100 S.O.

B.C.F. to Galatea.)
Battle Cruisers unknown. Bearing of

Enemy N. Course of Enemy W.S.W.

Position of reporting ship Lat. 56 42' N.,

Long. 5" 37' E.
Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

What is speed of fleet ?- - - -

Attack with torpedoes ....

Warspite has two big holes abreast engine

room. Wing engiyie room not yet flooded.

Warspite can steam 16 knots. Request

position of battlefleet.
Enemy's Destroyers are attacking West -

(Not logged as having been received in
Iron Duke.)
Urgent. Submarine on port hand, Lat.

56^ 55' N., Long. 6 11' E.
Remarks : Four Destroyers approaching

on port beam.
Admiral intends to proceed at IS knots

Please give me position of 2nd B.S.
Reply : Not in sight. When last seen
bearing N.N.E. five miles at 8.10 p.m.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

2021
2040

2035

2044
2046

2045

2035

2045

APPENDIX II.

471

From

Sys
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

— cont.

Southampton C.-in-C,

J. 59 — I Lion

C.-in-C.

Commodore F. 11th Flotilla

Caroline - [ S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.O. Cruisers Cruisers
Titauia - Talisman

R.A. Scapa - Aberdeen

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F. -

Benbow

Caroline

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

King George

V.
S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 1st B.S.

S.0.2ndL.C.S.
Badger

Dreadnought -
Battlefieet.

S.O. 2ndB.S.-

Royalist

Leading
Destroyers.

Galatea
C.-in-C. -
2ndL.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. 2nd B.S. Caroline
CaroUne - ' S.O. 2nd B.S.
S.O. 2nd B.S. Caroline
S.O. 5th B.S. ' Warspite
Captain D12- . 12th Flotilla

W/T
W/T

Flags
F.L.

S.L.
W/T

W/T

and

Flags.

W/T

F.L.
S.L.

W/T
W/T
S.L.
S.L.

S.L.
S.L.
S.L.

W/T
Flags

Urgent. Am engaging Enemy Destroyers.
Enemy ships bearing W. from me,
number unknown. My position Lat.
50 38' N., Long. 6 09' E.

Urgent. Enemy Battle Cruisers and pre-
Dreadnought Battleships bear from me
N. 34 W., distant 10 to 11 miles, steering
S.W. My position Lat. 56 40' N., Long.
5 50' E., course S.W., 17 knots.

Alter course in succession to South -

Three ships bearing N.W. 8,000 yards.

May be attacking with torpedoes.

Apparently old Battleships.

(Not logged in K. O. V. signal log.)
Keep in the Admiral's wake

Remain on patrol until further orders or
p.m. Saturday, 3rd June.

For C.-in-C. Following weather reports
off entrance of Rosyth, Shotley and
Immingham respectively. Wind S.W.
3-4—29.82—9 p.m. 30.25 stationary,
temperature 66, wind W.N.W. hght,
9 p.m., wind S.W. 1-3 fine (mainly b.c),
barometer 30.14.

(Received in Iron Duke 11.35 p.m.)

Divisions separately alter course in suc-
cession to South preserving their formation

My position now Lat. 56^ 40' N., Long. 5°
50' E., course S. 50^ W., speed 17 knots.
Remarks : 6-in. guns opened fire

Remarks : " B " turret fired - - -

Did you fire any torpedoes ? Reply :

Yes, one.
What is course and speed ? (No answer.)

Remarks : Caroline apparently made sig-
nals to Destroyers to attack.

Your 2046. N. by W. -

(Received in Iron Duke 9.4 p.m.)

Urgent. Enemy Destroyers are attacking
Light Cruisers from Westward.

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots -

Following ranks and ratings were rescued
from Invincible. Commander Dann-
reuther, Lieut. Sandford, C.P.O.
Thompson, Yeo. of Sig. Pratt, A.B. Ban-
bridge, Gunner Gasson, R.M.A.

Negative. Those ships are our Battle
Cruisers.

Those are evidently Enemy ships -
(Also made by Commodore F. at 9.15p.m.)

If you are quite sure attack . . -

Warspite proceed to Rosyth ...
I Alter course in succession to South •

472

APPENDIX 11.

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

31MA5C

— cont.

9.7 p.m,

S.O. 2nd B.S.

C.-in-C. -

W/T Urgent. Our Battle Cruisers in sight bear-
ing W.N.W., steering S.W.

2105

9.10 —

Southampton

C.-in-C.

W/T Enemy reported la my 2055 has been
driven to the N.W. My position Lat.
56^ 35' N., Long. 6 09' E.

2112

9.10 —

S.0.3rd L.C.S.

3rd L.C.S. -

Flags Admiral intends to jjrocecd at 17 knots.
j Alter course in succession to S. W.

5.10 —

C.-in-C.

S.Os. of

Squadrons
and all
Captains D.

W/T Present course of fleet is South -

2104

9.12-

C.-in-C.

Oak

F.L. Keep close to me during night

2100

9.15 —

Minotavir

—

— Remarks : White rocket starboard quarter

—

9.15 —

Benbow

—

— Remarks : Rocket showing stars starboard
bow.

—

9.15 —

Shannon

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

S.L. King George V. bears N.N.E. about eight
miles.

2100

9.17 —

C.-in-C.

Colossus

W/T Keep within visual signal touch

(Not logged as having been received by
Colossus.)

2130

9 17 —

C.-in-C,

General -

Flags Assume 2nd organisation. Form divisions
and in line-ahead columns disposed abeam
W/T to port. Columns to be one mile apart.

9.17-

Captain D12

12th Flotilla -

F.L. Alter course in succession to S. by E. I E.

—

9.17 —

Duke of Edin-
burgh.

Shannon

F.L. Your masthead light is burning

—

9.20 —

Engadine

Warrior

F.L. Am going to steer North 70° West-

—

9.20 —

Constance

Caroline

F.L. Calliope on starboard bow of Iron Dulce.
I think she is damaged.

—

9,20 —

Caroline

4th L.C.S. .

F.L. 1st Division take station astern of 2nd
Division.

—

9.20 —

Oak -

C.-in-C.

F.L. You have a bright light before your port
fore superstructure.

—

9.27 —

Marksman -

Captain D12 -

F.L. Permission to attack Enemy bearing South

—

9.27 —

C.-in-C.

S.Os. of Squad-
rons, Com-

W/T Destroyers take station astern of battlefleet
five miles.

2115

manders of

Divisions of

Battlefleet

and Captain

Dll.

9.28 —

R. A. Inver-
gordon.

R.A. Scapa -

W/T For information of C.-in-C. Following

received from Biarritz : Trawler A. 648

1 reports two Submarines came to sur-

1 face 40 miles E. of Buchan Ness this

morning Wednesday.

2031

929 —

Inconstant -

1st L.C.S.

F.L. Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots -

—

9.30 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags Alter course in succession to South

—

9.30 —

Cordelia

—

— Remarks : Submarine on port bow

—

9.30 —

Defender

Warspite

F.L. I will take station astern of you -
F.L. Reply : Am steering West 16 knots.

—

compass and steering gear very erratic.

Defender

Warspite

F.L.
F.L.

Permission to take station astern of you •
Reply : Approved.

APPENDIX n.

473

Date,

Sys-
tern.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

9.30 p.m.

Moorsom

Fearless

F.L,

Can you please give me your rough posi-
tion ? Reply : Lat. 50" 40' N., Long.
5° 40' E.

9.30 —

Captain D12-

12th Flotilla -

F.L.

Alter course in succession to South. Admiral
intends to proceed at IS knots.

9.31 —

Caroline

4th L.C.S. .

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots.
Form single line-ahead in sequence of
fleet nujnbers.

9.31 —

S.0.3rdL.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

What is your position, course and speed ? -

2130

9.32 —

S.O. B.C.F..

Princess Royal

F.L.

Please give me challenge and reply now in
force as they have ban lost. {Challenge
and reply passed as requested.)

—

9.32 —

C.-in-C.

Abdiel -

W/T

If there is time before daylight lay mines
in position given for operation M and
then proceed to Rosyth via S. side of
Area 1.

{Received by Abdiel 10.5 p.m.)

2132

9.33 —

S.0.2nd L.C.S

2nd L.C.S. -

S.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 21 knots

—

9.35 —

Princess Royal

S.O. B.C.F. -

F.L.

May we have a blue stem light, please f -

2130

9.36 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

F.L,

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots -

—

9.38 —

Captain D12-

12th Flotilla -

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 12 knots -

—

9.38 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

C.-in-C.

W/T

My position now Lat. 56^ 35' N., Long.
5 41' E., course S.W., speed 17 knots.
Enemy's bearing N. by W., steering
W.S.W.

{Received in Iron Duke 9.41 p.m.)

2100

9.39 —

Gloucester

Falmouth

S.L.

Battle Cruisers have altered course to port,
appear steering South.

9.39 —

S.O. 2nd L.C.S

2nd L.C.S. -

S.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots -

—

9.40 —

Marne

Commodore F.

F.L.

Battlefleet are altering course to port

—

9.41 —

Inconstant -

Falmouth

F.L.

Please show j'our stern Ught. What is
your speed ? Reply : Speed 17 knots.

—

9.41 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 1st L.C.S.

W/T

1st L.C.S. take station W. by S. four
miles. Keep a good look-out for move-
ments of Enemy bearing N. by W.

{Received by Iron Duke as " Take station
N.W.")

2107

9.41 —

S.O. 3rd L.C.S

3rd L.C.S. -

S.L.

Alter course in succession to South-

—

9.42 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

8th Group
Destr oyers.

S.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

9.43 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

C.-in-C, S.O.
2nd B.S., S.O.
1,2, 3 L.C.S.,
Captain D13.

W/T

My position Lat. 56 28' N., Long. 5" 38' E.
course South, speed 17 knots.

2185

9.45 —

Bellona

R.A. 1st B.S.

F.L.

I am taking station astern of St. Vincent

2140

9.45 —

Commodore F.

11th Flotilla -

F.L.

Alter course in succession to E.N.E. Take
up cruising order No. 4.

—

9.45 —

Defender

Warspite

F.L.

Defender's maximum speed 15 knots.
Onslow's speed nothing.

9.46 —

R.A.lstB.S.

6th Subdivision

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

—

8.47 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots -

—

474

APPENDIX IT.

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

9.48 p.m.

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F.,
S.Os. of
Squadrons,
Commander
of Divisions
and all
Captains D.

W/T

Reference position 9.45 p.m., 56' 26' N.,
5 47' E., course S., speed 17 knots.

2145

9.48 —

Badger

S.O. B.C.F. -

F.L.

Please give me your course and speed ?
Reply : 17 knots.

—

9.50 —

Commodore F.

nth Flotilla -

F.L.

Alter course 16 points outwards -

—

9.50 —

Galatea via
Caroline.

Calliope

F.L.

Can you manage to keep up with the
leading Battleship. I will try to hold
on to you then.

2140

9.52 —

Active

Boadicea

F.L.

I propose to take station astern of you.
Reply : Right.

—

9.55 —

Commodore F.

nth Flotilla -

F.L.

Alter course in succession to N.E., speed
22 knots.

9.. 55 —

Admiralty -

C.-in-C.

W/T

Three Destroyer flotillas have been ordered
to attack you during the night.

2105

9.55 —

Galatea

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

F.L.

My speed is reduced. I have lost my
squadron. Shall I be in your way if I
remain on your starboard bow ? Sup-
pose you can keep touch with Battleships.
Reply : Am reducing to 16 knots to
keep touch with King George V. De-
stroyers have dropped astern.

2153

9.57 —

Badger

S.O. B.C.F. -

F.L.

Have ordered 1st Flotilla to screen B.C.F.

2250

9.58 —

Garland

Captain D4 -

W/T

German Destroyers steering S.E.

—

9.58 —

Admiralty -

C.-in-C.

W/T

At 9 p.m. rear ship of Enemy B.F. in
Lat. 56"^ 33' N., Long. 5" 80' E., on
southerly course.

{Received in Iron Duke 10.23 p.m.)

2158

9.58 —

Talisman

Submarines
G.6, E.43.

W/T

Talisman and four Submarines proceeding
to position 54 30' X., 4" 0' E. Enter-
ing j-our patrol area at 1 a.m.

2025

10.0 —

S.O. 4th L.C.S

4th L.C.S. .

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots

—

10.0 —

Inconstant -

S.O. 3rd L.C.S.

F.L.

Inconstant with 1st L.C.S , less Galatea,
are astern of you

2200

10.0 —

Contest

Captain D4 -

F.L.

German Destroyers steering S.E. -

2200

10.1 —

S.O. B.C.F..

Princess Royal
and Tiger.

F.L.

What course do you make us steering now ?
Reply : Tiger South, Princess Royal
Sotdh.

—

10.3 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

F.L.

Alter course in succession 16 points to star-
board.

—

10.3 —

Garland

Captain D4 -

W/T

German Submarines astern ...

2200

10.3 —

S.O. B.C.F..

Tiger -

F.L.

What is state of Tiger now ? Reply : Water
not gaining.

2201

10.5 —

Princess

Royal

Remarks : Opened fire on Cruisers on
starboard beam. 10.20 p.m. ceased
firing.

10.7 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

F.L.

Alter course in succession 16 points to port

10.8 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

APPENDIX II.

475

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

31 MAY

— -cont.

10.10 p.m

Chester

Minotaur

F.L.

Am last ship in your line, and have
23 killed and 2.5 seriously wounded,
three guns disabled. Electric circuit
partly disabled, gim control disabled.
Have no holes below water line and four
holes above water line. Can receive
on main wireless. State of oil tanks
doubtful. Can do 24 knots until 3 p.m.
to-morrow. Will report further on
state of oil tanks.

2210

10.10 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4lh L.C.S. -

F.L.

Report when all ships are in station and all
correct. Rear ships report when leading
Battleship is sighted.

2210

Caroline

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

F.L.

All ships present and in station. Two
torpedoes were expended by Caroline
and one by Royalist to-day.

{Reply from Caroline at 10.55 p.m.)

10.12 —

Benbow

—

Remarks : Firing commenced starboard
beam.

—

10.20 —

C.-in-C.

Oak -

F.L.

Who is vessel on your port bow ? Reply :
Abdiel.

—

10.23 —

Galatea

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

F.L.

On second thought I think I had better
. keep ahead of you. I shall be more

out of the way in case of attack.

Reply : Thank you, my present speed

is 10 knots.

2200

10.25 —

Inconstant -

1st L.C.S.

F.L.

At 10.30 p.m. alter course to S. 48" E.
and reduce to 11 knots till 11 p.m., when
course will be altered to S. and speed in-
creased to 17 knots tvithout signal.

2225

10.25 —

Captain D4 -

C.-in-C.

W/T

Submarine five miles North of Dragonfly (?)
at 10 p.m.

2220

10.26 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots -

—

10.27 —

Contest

Captain D4 -

F.L.

Contest fired one round at three German
Destroyers astern steering S.E.

2225

10.30 —

Canada

C.-in-C. -

F.L.

Contest to Captain D. Urgent. German
T.B.D. steering N.E.

—

10 30 —

Naval Centre,
Sheemess.

Admiralty

L.T.

3rd B.S. and 3rd C.S. at anchor Black

Deep.

2000

10.30 —

Garland

Commodore F.

F.L.

Garland fired at Enemy's Destroyers astern

2225

10.40 ~

Boadicea

Thunderer

F.L.

Enemj^'s ships on starboard beam -

—

10.40 —

Boadicea

—

Remarks : Sighted Enemy's Cruisers show-
ing four red and four green lights
horizontal. Shown three times.

—

10.41 —

Admiralty -

C.-in-C.

W/T

At 10.41 p.m. the Admiralty informed the
Commander-in-Chief that the enemy
was believed to be returning to its base
as its course was S.S.E. f E. and speed
16 knots."

2241

10.42 —

Captain D12-

1 2th Flotilla •

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

—

10.42 —

R.A. Inver-
gordon.

Admiralty

L/T

Cromarty tugs in readiness except Drome-
dary which is under repair. Hope to
undock Emperor of India noon to-
morrow, Thursday, retaining two tugs
for undocking.

2045

10.43 —

Fortune

Captain D4 •

W/T

Fortune fired one round nt 0.55 p.m. in
direction torpedo came from.

2235

10.45 —

Benbow

—

Remarks : Heavy firing on starboard
quarter.

—

476

APPENDIX II.

Date,

fern' Message.

Time

Time of

From

Despatch.

Origin.

31 MAY

— cont.

I0.4(jp.m.

C.-in-C.

Commodore F.

W/T

Urgent. Are you engaging Enemy's
Destroyers ? Reply : No.

(Reply via Kempenjelt.)

2243
2300

10.48 —

Contest - t Captain D4 •

W/T

Destroyers off starboard quarter steering E.

—

10.50 —

Commodore F.'\ 11th Flotilla •

F.L.

Alter course 16 points outwards

—

10.50 —

Commodore F. C.-in-C.
via Kempen-
ielt.

W/T

My position, course and speed South 17
knots, have been engaged by Enemy
Cruisers.
(This signal crossed 2243 from C.-in-C.)

2240

10.55 —

Porpoise - Captain D4 -

W/T

German Destroyer astern steering East

2250

11.0 —

S.O. 4th L.C.S

4ih L.C.S. -

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 16 kfiots

11.0 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

F.L.

Report if all ships in station and speed
imimpaired. I intend to drop slowly
back until leading Battleship is sighted.

—

11.0 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

F.L.

Negative signalling except -in case of

2055

11.1 —

Captain D4 -

Broke -

F.L.

emergency.
Give me mano'uvring room. You have
lights on fore bridge and forecastle.

2262

11.5 —

Warrior

Engadine

F.L.

. What speed are you going now ? Reply :
We have revolutions for 19 knots and
hope we are going seven,

11.22 —

Unity -

Fortune

W/T

Switch off stern light

—

11.25 —

Warrior

Engadine

F.L.

By our log we are going 8.2 knots -

—

11.26 —

Captain D4 -

Garland

W/T

11th Destroyer flotilla is on our starboard
beam.

2315

11. so-

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

Nottingham -

F.L.

My wireless is shot away, answer calls for
me and report the action.

—

il. so-

Minotaur

—

Remarks : Observed flashes port quarter,
apparently giui fire.

—

il. 30—

Birmingham- ' C.-in-C,

S.O. B.C.F.

W/T

Urgent. Priority. Battle Cruisers, un-
known number, probably hostile, in

2330

sight, N.E. coiu-se S. My position Lat.

56^ 26' N„ Long. 5° 42' E.

11. Si-

Commodore F.

C.-in-C. via

Eempenfelt.

W/T

What is the present course and speed of
fleet ? Reply : South, 17 knots.

2341

ll. 34—

Benbow

—

Remarks : Firing reported astern and on
port quarter.

—

11.38 —

S.O. 2nd L.C.S.

C.-in-C,

W/T

Urgent. Have engaged Enemy's Cruisers

2240

via Notting-

S.O. B.CF.

10.15 p.m., bearing W.S.W.

ham.

(Received iii Iron Duke 11.38 p.m.)

11.39 —

Benbow

—

Remarks : Firing port quarter

—

11.45 —

Benbow

—

Remarks : Firing port quarter (long
distance)

—

11.47 —

Ambuscade -

Captain D4 -

W/T

Have fired two torpedoes and heard one
explosion.

(Via Indo7nitable to S.O. B.C.F.)

2342

11.55 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

2nd L.C.S. -

W/T

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

—

JUNE 1st.

12.0 —
midnight

Fearless

—

Remarks : Action on port quarter and
astern continued till 12.30.

—

12.0 —

Commodore F.

lllh Flotilla -

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

—

12.0 —

S.O. 6th B.S.

6th B.S.

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

—

APPENDIX IJ.

477

1 JUNE— co«<. j

12.4 a.m. | Captain D12- j Commodore F.

Captain D12- 12th Flotilla -
Superb

Dublin

Achates

C.-in-C.
Captain D12-

Captain D12-
Contest

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

Captain D12

Achates

Commodore F.

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

Qarland

Comm,odore F.

Captain D12

Fearless

Commodore F.

Amhiiscade -

Achates

Commodore F.

Inconstant •
Admiralty -

S.O. 2nd L.C.S.

Commodore F.

Royal Oak -

12th Flotillu -

Commodore F.
Achates

Dublin

Commodore F.

II th Flotilla .

2nd L.C.S. ■

Commodore F.

Captain D, 4th

and 12th.

Flotillas, and

4th and 12th

Flotillas.
12th Flotilla -

11th Flotilla .

Commodore F.

11th Flotilla -

1st L.C.S.
C.-in-C.

F.L. I 1st B.S. is South five miles. Am I to 2350
I follow you or steer South after fleet ?

I Reply : Keep in touch with fleet • - ' 0015

F.L. I Alter course in succession to E.S.E. - \

— - j Remarks : Observed firing astern from \

' 12..'5to 12.15a.m.,also 12.30 large flare
j astern and firing. '

W/T What is present course and speed of South- 0005
ampton ?
I Reply : My position, course and speed at 0015

midnight, Lat. 55^43' N., Long. 6^24' E.,
I South, 20 knots. j

— 2nd Division of Destroyers 4th Flotilla still 1 000 7
'< steering South, is this correct ?

Reply : Yes 0031

W/T You are showing a bright light forward - 2347

F.L. t Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots.

Remarks : 12.16 a.m. Enemy Cruiser
on either bow opened fire. Flotilla
spread.

W/T What is your position, course and speed ? 0027

W/T Have lost 1st Division, can only steam 20 0016
knots. Request instructions. i

W/T j My speed 1 7 knots

W/T My course and speed at 12.15 a.m., S., 0017

17 knots.
W/T Am being chased to the eastward - - 0031

F.L. Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

W/T Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots -

W/T / am at present steering S. What shall I 0030

steer ?
W/T My course and speed are S., 18 knots - 0045

F.L. Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

Remarks : Vessel blown up on starboard
quarter.
F.L. Admiral intends to proceed at 25 knots

W/T What is your position ? • - - - 0100

W/T Indicate, your position - - - • i 0000

F.L. Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

F.L. Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots
W/T At 1.48 a.m. the Admiralty informed the 0148
Commander-in-Chief that enemy sub-
marines were apparently coming out
from German ports, and that a damaged '.
enemy ship, probably Lutzow, was in
Lat. 56^ 26' N., Long. 5" 41' E. at \
Midnight. i

478

APPENDIX n.

Date, ]

Time of ]

Despatch.

From

1 JUNE —cont.
1.50 a.m. Constance

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

1.52— \ S.0.4thL.C.S. 4th L.C.S.

1.53— S.0.2ndL.C.S. Nottingham

1.56 — I S.O. 1st B.S.- Revenge

i
1.56 — 1 S.O. Ist B.S.- I C.-in-C.

1.56— Capt. D12 - C.-in-C.

2.0 —

2.1 —

2.6 —

2.7 —

2.8 —

2.10 —
2.13 —

2.15 —

2.15 —
2.15 —

2.15 —

Ambuscade - Commodore F.

S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.
S.O. 4thL.C.S. 4th L.C.S. -

Commodore F.; C.-in-C.

via Kempen-

felt. i

Admiralty - Talisman

S.0.2ndL.C.S. Active
Captain D12 C.-in-C.

Sys-
tem.

Commodore F.
Captain D12-

llth Flotilla
C.-in-C.

C.-in-C.

- i General

S.0.4thL.C.S. 4th L.C.S.
S.O.SndL.C.S: 2nd L.C.S.

Chester

F.L.
F.L.
F.L.
F.L.

W/T
W/T

■W/T

W/T

S.L.

W/T

F.L.

W/T

F.L.

F.L.
F.L.

S.O. 2nd C.S.- i W/T

2nd B.S. bearing East three miles
Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

What is in sight astern ? Reply : Nothing

in sight astern.
I mtist ease down and will haul out of line

to starboard , you continue on.
Obliged to ease to 12 knots. Remairder

of Division are continuing at 17 knots.
Urgent. Priority. Enemy's Battleships in

sight. My position 10 miles astern oi 1st

B.S.
(This signal was incompletely logged in

Faulknor's log, and there are no records

of it having been received in Iron Duke.)

Have expended all torpedoes. I am alone.
I Position 0200, 56" 0' N., 6" 08' E.,
doubtful, request instructions.
F.L. I Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

F.L. Prepare to form in single line-abreast to
I starboard. Take station ahead. Ships j
] in column to be five cables apart.

W/T j What is your position, course and speed ? 0200

Detach two Submarines towards Lister
Deep, objective — damaged ships. They
should remain 48 hours and be careful
of other British Submai'ines.

Who is ahead of you ? Reply : 2nd B.S.

Urgent. Course of enemy S.S.W. -

{Tliere are no records of this signal having
been received by any ship except Marks-
man.)

At 2.30 a.m. 2nd B.S. alter course to star-
board to North. 4th B.S. will follow
round. B.F. will form single line-ahead
in 5th organisation.

Keep closed up. Admiral intends to pro-
ceed at 20 knots.

Report any casualties and damage ?
Replies : Nottingham nil, Birmingham
nil.

Oil will last several days. Dead now
number 28, seriously wounded 36, all
from upper deck. In view of depletion
of numbers and diflficulty of fighting
ship without trained crews, fire control
only one side, possible flooding of lower
mess deck in bad weather. Request
instructions.

{Received by S.O. 2nd C.S. as— oil
will last several hours.)

0155
0165
0152

0155

0207

0200

Urgent. Am attacking - - - - 0207

(There are no records of this signal having

been received by any ship.)
Admiral intends to proceed at 25 knots

0212

0200

0205

APPENDIX II.

479

From

1 JUNE'— <;on«,
2.17 a.m. S.O. 1st B.S.-

2.18— King George

i V.
2.20— Captain D13

Marksmcm -

S.0.4thL.C.S.
S.O. 2nd as.
S.O. 1st B.S.
C.-in-C.

C.-in-C.

Captain D13
S.O. 2nd C.S.

Falmouth
S.O. 2nd C.S.

C-in-C.

Maenad

]^ ottingham -

S.O. 5th B.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -
Ccnntnodore F.
S.O. B.C.F. -

8.0. 2nd C.S.

S.O. B.C.F..

Bang George

V.
Marksman -

C.-in-C.

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Revenge
C.-in-C.
Marksman

4th L.C.S. •

Destroyers

Fearless

S.O. B.C.F. -
S.O. 4th L.C.S.,
S.O. 2nd C.S.,
S.O. 1st C.S.,
All Captains D.
S.O. 4th L.C.S.

Marksman

Destroyers

Attached
Cruisers.

Captain D12 -

S.O. 2nd L.C.S.
Nottingham -

S.O. 3rd L.C.S.
11th Flotilla -
Inconstant

Chester -

Ships in Com-
pany.
C.-in-C.

Captain D13 -
Galatea -

Gloucester

Sys-
tem.

F.L.
F.L.
F.L.

F.L.
Flags
F.L.

.W/T

F.L.
F.L.
S.L.

Flags
and
S.L.
F.L.

W/T

F.L.

S.L.
F.L.

S.L.

Sem.
Flags
F.L.
F.L.
F.L.
S.L.

Messaga

Time

of
Origin.

/ am going to transfer to you in Fearless - 0215

I
4th L.C.S. is one mile on my starboard 0210
beam.

Where are Enemy's ships ? Reply :

Suspicious ships South. |

Remarks : Engaged Enemy's Destroyers
and Light Cruisers (four Destroyers and |
two Cruisers). ]

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots - i

Form Submarine screen - - • - I

Come alongside my port side. I am going I

to transfer to Revenge in you. i

Priority. My position 2.30 a.m., Lat. 0212
55° 07' N., Long. 6= 21' E., altering
course N., conform and close. I

Battlefleet will alter course to North at
2.30 a.m. Keep ahead.

Where is our battlefleet ? Reply : Bear-
ing South.

How long will your fuel last ? Replj' :
At jiresent speed oil fuel will last Owl
40 hours, Hardy 40 hours. Midge 40
hours. Mischief 48 hours.

Remarks : Sighted Battle Cruisers port
bow.

Negative form Submarine screen. We
shall be turning 16 points presently.

Take special repeating ship, port side

What is your position .?-.-.
Barham N.E.

Indicate bearing of battlefleet ? Reply

from Southampton : 2nd B.S. South,
two miles.

Is Galatea in sight ? Reply : No -

Alter course 16 points outwards

What Light Cruisers are in company ?
Reply : Phaeton, Cordelia. Galatea's
speed reduced and told me to take
charge of 1st L.C.S. and carry on.

Make the best of your way to the Humber

Assume complete readiness for immediate

action in every respect.
Shall I go on ? Reply : Wait a minute-

What are ships bearing South ? Reply :

Germans, I think.
I am altering course at 2.30 a.m. to North

Are there any signs of 1st L.C.S. ? Reply :
1st L.C.S. on my port quarter.

0215

022.'}

0226
022 a

0228

480

APPENDIX II,

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

1 JUNE

— cont.

2.30a.m.

Southampton

—

Remarks : Firing on port bow

—

2.30 —

R.A. 1st B.S.

C.-in-C. -

F.L.

Marlborough's division is not in visual
touch.

0230

2.33 —

Benbow

—

Remarks : Iron Duke opened fire -

—

2.34 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

T.B.Ds.

Flags

Form Submarine screen ....

—

2.35 —

Captain D12

Marksman

W/T

Work round to South ....
{Passed to Champion.)

0220

2.35 —

Marksman -

Captain D13 -

F.L.

Shall I join you ? Reply : Yes -

—

2.35 —

C.-in-C.

King George V.

S.L.

Carry on when you are a bit straight

—

2.35 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

Nottingham -

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

—

2.35 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

2nd L.C.S. -

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots.
Negative zigzag.

—

2.35 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Admiral intends to p>roce.ed at 21 knots

—

2.36 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

Alter course in succession 16 points to
starboard.

—

2.36 —

Onslaught

Captain D12 -

W/T

1st Lieut, killed. Captain seriously injured.
Fore bridge gone.

0230

2.40 —

Commodore F.

11th Flotilla ■

F.L. ! Alter course in succession to N.N.W.

—

2.40 —

Marksman -

Maenad

F.L.

Am joining Champion ....

—

2.40 —

S.O.dthL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. .

Flags

Alter course together to N.

—

2.40 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

F.L.

What ship is that ahead of you ? Keep
out of my way when I alter course.
Repty : Galatea reported last night
reducing speed.

—

2.40 —

S.O.ithL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Ships in column to be five cables apart

—

2.40 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 1st L.C.S.

W/T

Alter course in succession to N,

0234

2.41 —

Commodore F.

11th Flotilla -

F.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots

—

2.42 —

Nottingham -

S.O. 2nd L.C.S.

S.L.

Galatea is other side of battle fleet, reported
reducing speed.

—

2.42 —

Mcenad

Captain D12 •

W/T

What is your course and speed ?

0238

2.42 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

Orion -

F.L.

Keep straight on - - • •

—

2.43 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

S.L.

Am altering course to North. Are you in
sight of battlefleet ? Reply : No. We
make our battlefleet N. 38° E., 16 miles
from us.

2 44 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course in succession 16 points to
starboard. Admiral intends to proceed
19 knots.

2.45 —

S.O. B.C.F..

General

F.L.

Indicate your position ? Replies : Prin-
cess Roval 55° C N., 6° 10' E. ; New
Zealand 54° 55' N., 6° 7' E. ; In-
domitable 54° 58' N., 6° 15' E. ;
Inflexible 55° 6' N., 6° 16' E.

2.45 —

Nottingham -

S.O. 2nd L.C.S.

S.L.

Birmingham N. by E. -

—

2.45 —

S.O.dthL.C.S.

4th L.C.S.

Flags

Admiral intends to procerd at 15 knots

—

2.45 —

Onslaught

Captain D12

W/T

Renwinder of casualties not yet asarta/ined

0240

APPENDIX n.

481

Date,

Sys-
trOm

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

IJUNE

— cont.

■■

2.47 a.m.

Tiger -

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

Inconstant reports one Light Cruiser S. W. -

0225

2.50 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

S.O. 2nd B.S.-

F.L.

Request bearing of Battle Cruisers? Reply:
1 do not know where Battle Cruisers are.

2.50 —

Hercules

Revenge

Sem.

How does your reckoning compare with
mine, as reference position made at
9.45 p.m. last night ? I make it we are
now 12 miles to N. W. of Iron Duke.

Reply : Working from Iron Duke's refer-
ence position of last night, I make our
position about N. by E. seven to eight
miles.

023S
0309

2..50 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Zigzag one point. First turn to starboard-

—

2 50 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

Have detached Chester to Humber. She
had only oil till 3 p.m.

0250

2.50 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

2nd C.S.

Flags

Alter course in succession to N.

—

2 50 —

C.-in-C.

General

S.L.

King George V. take Guide of fleet -

—

2.50 —

S.O. B.C.F..

Tiger -

S.L.

Where is Inconstant ? . - . .

—

2.51 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

Birmingham -

S.L.

Report if battlefleet astern of you altera
course.

—

2.52 —

Admiralty -

Commodore T.

L/T

5th L.C.S., 9th and 10th flotillas should
join C.-in-C. to replace squadrons or
flotillas short of fuel. Proceed towards
Lat. 55° 30' N., Long. 6° 0' E., until
orders are received from C.-in-C.

025f

2.52 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Chester -

S.L.

Are you detached to join me ? Reply :
Have orders to proceed to Humber with
wounded.

2.52 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Greneral

Flags

Alter course in succession to N.N.E.

—

2.52 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

S.L.

Can you give me bearing of our battle-
fleet ? Reply : No. We make our
battlefleet N. 38 E., 16 miles from us.

»254

2..54 —

Abdiel -

C.-in-C.

W/T

Minefield has been accurately laid in
accordance with orders.

0^5

2.55 —

Captain D13

Destroyers in
Company.

Flags

Alter course in succession to W.N.W.
Admiral intends to proceed at 19 knots.

— :

2.57 —

C.-in-C.

Canada -

W/T

Priority. Are you in W/T communication
with Captain D, 4th flotilla ? Reply :
No.

Do you know where B.Cs. are ? Reply :

2.58 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

S.O. 1st L.C.S.

S.L.

0209

No, have not seen them since yesterday

evening, as my speed has been reduced.

2.59 —

Admiralty -

Commodore T.

W/T

Position of British Submarines. Talisman
and two Submarines Lat. 54° 30' N.,
Long. 4^ 0' E., and two Submarines
proceeding thence towards Lister Deep.
Three Submarines W. of Vyl L.V.

0259

3.0 —

C.-in-C.

Boadicea,

Active.

F.L.

Pass through line between Iron Duke and
Thunderer. Do not come at an acute
angle.

0256

3.0 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

3.0 —

Unity -

Commodore F.

W/T

Am with 9th Flotilla. Have all torpedoes.
MaximutJi speed.

021i

3.0 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 19 knots

—

3.0 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

2nd L.C.S -

S.L.

Zigzag. Speed of advance 16^ knots

—

X 12872

482

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

1 JUNE; — cont.
3.5 a.m. Captain D13

3.5 —

3.6 —

3.8 —
3.10 —

3.10 —

3.10 —
3.10 —

S.O. B.C.F. -
S.O. B.C.F. -
Kempenfelt -
S.O. Cruisers
S.O. 1st B.S.
S.0.2iidL.C.S.

S.O. 5th B.S.
S.O. 5th B.S.

Marksman

General

S.O. 2nd C.S

Commodore F.

Cruisers

Revenge

S.O. 4thL.C.S

5lh B.S.
Malaya

S.O. B.C.F.- Inconstant

Gloucester
Falmouth

3.11— S.O. B.C.F..

S.O. SrdL.C.S.

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

Sem.

Flags
S.L.
S.L.
Flags
Sem.
S.L.

Flags
Sem.

S.L.
S.L.

SL.

Do you know where the rest of your
flotilla is ? Reply : I think to the
southward.

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots -

Did you get signal from C.-in-C. to close ?

Reply : Yes, am proceeding at 20 knots.
I do not think we made our speed on

southern course.
Alter course in succession to N. ^ E.

Haul out of line to starboard and stop
engines.

Do you know where our Battle Cruisers are?! 0240
Reply : Regret have no idea. Galatea
is other side of battlefleet reducing speed.

Alter course together two points to starboard —

Report nature of damage . - - -

Reply : Two, if not three, shell-holes below
water-line, starboard side, and watertight
coinpartment of submerged tube flooded,
also C.P.O.''s bath-room and gunner's
store room, and I think that has caused a
leak into two oil tanks. Turret hit on top
and loading can only he carried out by
auxiliary means, owing to bogie jamming.
One 6-in. gun cotnpletely out of action,
three others can be fired by percussion.
Casualties heavy on gun deck, all damage
starboard side.

Further reply : Re previous report of
damage, now ascertained to be — [1) All
starboard bunkers in A boiler room flooded,
{2) The compartment outboard of these
hunkers also flooded, and one outboard
compartment of B boiler room ; (3) Wing
compartments starboard side of sub-
merged fiat flooded, as steampipe to
capstan engine passes through this it
is highly probable that steam cannot
be put on capstan ; (4) Chief P.O.' s bath-
room flooded ; ( 5) Water in three other
compartments on starboard side of ship ;
(C) Starboard fore submerged tube bar
jammed ; ( 7) Ship's company's galley
wrecked and wiring for Nos. 1 and 2
groups of starboard 6-in. battery fused.
All lighting circuit starboard side should
be renetved.

Alter course to N.N.E. Admiral intends
to proceed at 20 knots.

Zeppelin bearing S.E. - - -

Remarks : Sighted Light Cruisers port
bow, apparently 2nd L.C.S. Passed
mine port beam.

What course are you steering to head off
C.-in-C. ?

APPENDIX n.

483

Date,

Time of
Despatch.

From

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

1 JUNE —con<.
3. 1 1 a.m. C.-in-C.

3.14

3.15
3.15
3.15
3.15
3.15
3.15

3.15
3.19
3.20
3.20
3. 20
3.20

3.20
3.20
3.20

3.20

AdTairalty -

S.O. Cruisers
S.O. Cruisers
S.O. 2nd C.S.
S.O. 2nd C.S.
S.O.lstL.C.S.

C.-ia-C.

C.-in-C.

New Zealand

S.O. 1st B.S.- C.-in-C.

Falmouth - S.O. B.C.F.
Falmouth. - —

Indomitable- S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. 1st B.S.-

C.-in-C.

Destroyers
Cruisers
S.O. B.C.F.

W/T

Flags
Flags
S.L.

S.O. B.C.F. . S.L.
S.O. 2nd L C.S S.L.

Marlborough - ' W/T

S.O. 5th B.S. - : W/T

W/T
S.L.

W/T

I and

! S.L.

Nottingham - \ S.O. 2nd L.G.S. F.L.

Indomitable- • — —

C.-in-C. - Revenge - W/T

S.0.2ndL.C.S. S.O. 5th B.S.- S.L.

Superb - i — —

Opal - - Captain D12 - W/T

Hydra - ' S.O. B.C.F. - S.L.

Hampshire • ' S.O. Cruisers- S.L.

Falmouth — —

Onslaught - Commodore F. W/T

Marlborough proceed to Tyne or Rosyth
by M Channel. Destroyers will be sent
when available. You should ask Jor
local Destroyers to convoy you. There
are four of our Submarines South of
Area 1.

German Ught Cruiser in 55 45' N., 6 25'
E., damaged, crew taken off, Destroyers
standing by 3 a.m.

Form Submarine screen -

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots
Aircrat't in sight S.S.E. and S.-
My course is N. ^ E.

Have you seen anything ? Reply : Not
since 10.30 last night when I was heavily
engaged with Enemy's Cruisers.

Send your division to join me, keeping one
ship as escort if necessary What is
your position, course and speed ?

Priority. My course 2.30 a.m. is N.

Remarks : Sighted Zeppelin starboard

quarter.
I am now transferring to Revenge. What

is your position, course and speed ?
Zeppelin bearing S.E. by S., steering

about N.E. by E.
Remarks : ZeppeUn starboard quarter

Enemy's Airship in sight to the southward

Can hear signals very strong from drifter

on your bow.
Remarks : Fired three rovmds at Zeppelin

My course at 2.30 a.m.. North, 16 knots.
Close me.

What is your speed ? Reply : Speed of

advance 17 knots.
Remarks : Heard firing astern, also at

3.35 a.m. on port quarter.
Opal and eight Destroyers. Course S., 16

knots, 15 miles to westward of your 0200

position.

Zeppelin bearing South
Zeppelin hearing South

Remarks : Torpedo passed ahead from
port to starboard. Commenced firing
at Zeppelin.

All torpedoes fired. Gtmner and 1st Lieut,
killed. Commanding officer severely
wounded. One gun out of action. Per-
m,ission to return to base.

Reply : Approved - . - - -

H h 2

484

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

IJUNE

3.20 a.m.

3.22-
3.22-
3.24-
3.24-
3.25-

3.25-

3.27-

3.28-

3.29-

3.30-
3.30-
3.31-
3.33-
3.34-
3.35-
3.35-
3.35-
3.36-

3.36-

3.38-

3.40-

3.42

3.42
3.42

From

— cont.
Admiralty

Canterbury -

PrincessRoyal

S.N.O. Har-
wich.
Shannon

Commodore T.
Narborough -

Inconstant -
S.O. B.C.F. -

Admiralty -

S.O. 5th B.S.

Oak -

Marlborough

Marlborough-

S.O. 5th B.S.

C.-in-C.

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

Badger

C.-in-C.

S.O. 1st B.S. -
S.O. 5th B.S.-
Benbow

S.O. 5th B.S.

Commodore F.

Captain D13

Inconstant -
S.O.SrdL.C.S.

C.-in-C.

Admiralty

S.O. Cruisers -

Light Cruisers
and Destroy-
ers.

Captain D13 -

Cordelia
General

C.-in-C.

5th B.S.
C.-in-C. -
Faulknor
Revenge
5th B.S.
S.O. B.C.F. -
2nd L.C.S. -
S.O. B.C.F. -
S.O. 2nd B.S. -

1st B.S.
C.-in-C.
C.-in-C.

5th B.S.

11th Flotilla ■

Destroyers in

Company.
S.O. B.C.F. -
S.O. B.C.F.,
C.-in-C.

Sys-
tem.

W/T

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

Five Light Cruisers, 13 Destroyers ordered
from Harwich towards Lat. 55 30' N.,
Long. 6" 0' E., to join you and replace
vessels requiring fuel.

Remarks : Torpedo passed the track from

port to starboard.
Remarks : Tiger fired at Zeppelin -

0320

L/T
S.L.
Flags

W/T

S.L.

and
Flags

W/T

Flags
S.L.

S.L.
W/T
Flags

W/T

S.L.

Flags
W/T
Sem.
Flags
S.L.
Flags

S.L.

W/T

Lurcher arrived

Hostile Airships bearing S.S.E.

Raise steam for full speed ivith all despatch
and report when ready to proceed.

Submit I have Pelican, Nicator, Nerissa,
Petard, in company with me. Petard can
only go 28 knots. Nicator reports serious
accident. Request instructions.

Rejoin -------

Alter course in succession to N. by E. -

Urgent. At 2.30 German Main Fleet in
Lat. 55" 33' N., Long. 6 50' E., course
S.E. by S„ 16 knots.

Alter course together four points to starboard

Report of guns W.S.W.

V.A. has shifted his flag to Revenge.
They are about five miles astern of me.
Make to 6th Division. Alter course.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots -

Did you get Admiralty telegram 0148 ? -

Speed of advance 17 knots

Destroyers had about 80 tons of oil fuel

at 4 a.m.
Look out for damaged Enemy Battle

Cruisers ahead or on either bow, probably

with large number of T.B.Ds.
Admiral intends to proceed at 1 7 knots

Barham, Malaya, Valiant, two miles ahead

of 2nd B.S.
Heavy firing heard W.S.W. from Benbow-

Alter course together four points to port.

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots.
A Iter course in succession 1 6 points outwards

Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots

Cordelia is sinking a mine
Priority. Am engaging Enemy Zeppelin.
My position Lat. 55" 17' N., Long. 6" 08' E

APPENDIX II.

4S5

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

Sys-
tem.

Time

of
Origin.

IJUNE
3.42 a.m

— cont.
Unity -

S.O. B.C.F.

C.-in-C.

R.A. 1st B.S.

C.-in-C.

S.O. 1st B.S.

Commodore F.
Princess Royal
General -

King George V.

Collingwood -

General

Faulkner

Captain D12- ^ 12th Flotilla -
S.0.2ndL.C.S. Dublin -

Marksman -
S.O.SrdL.C.S.
Captain D12

Commodore T.
Captain D13
C.-in-C.

Captain D13
3rd L.C.S.
S.O. 1st B.S.

General -

Destroyers in

Company.
General

S.O. 1st B.S. C.-in-C. -
Collingwood - C.-in-C.

S.O.ithL.C.S.

Benbow

Bellona

Iron Duke -
S.0.2ndL.C.S.

4th L.C.S.

C.-in-C. -

2nd L.C.S.

Benbow

Commodore F.'i 11th Flotilla -

Nottingham - \ S.O. 2nd L.C.S.
C.-in-C. - i General

W/T
Sem.
Flags

S.L.
Sem.

Flags
Flags
W/T

W/T

S.L.
Flags
Sem.

Flags

Flags
Flags

W/T

W/T
Flags

S.L.
F.L.

S.L.

F.L.
Flags

What is your position, course and speed ?
What ship is firing ? - -

Divisions separately alter course in suc-
cession to West preserving their forma-
tion. Admiral intends to proceed at 15
knots.

What Battleships are ahead of you ?
Reply : Three ships of 5th B.S.

Report Zeppelin bearing S.S.E., steering
North, to C.-in-C, we have no search-
lights.

Admiral resume Guide of fleet -

Close .......

Have joined B.F. Course N., speed 17

knots. Conform.
My position Lat. 55 19' N., Long. 6' 33' E.

course North, speed 1 7 knots. What is

your position, course and speed ?
Reply : My position approximately 4.30

a.m., 55° 30' N., 6° 32' E.
Are you joining battlefleet ? Reply :

Yes.
Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

Flotilla attacked battlefleet, six Kaiser
class and three Cruisers at 2 a.m., last
seen steering S . E . O ne B attleship blown
up.

Reply : I congratulate you on the result
of your attack last night. Has the in-
formation been reported to the C.-in-C. ?
If not, I will pass it on to him.

Slip

Zigzag. Admiral intends to proceed at

17^ knots.
Alter course leading ships together

rest in succession to North. Admiral

intends to proceed at 17 knots.
Marlborough steering North about 12

knots.
Urgent. Enemy Airship S.S.E.

Alter course together two points to port

Remarks : Zeppelin in sight - . -

One Airship bearing S.E., steering West -

Remarks : Sighted Airship on port bow -
Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots.

Negative zigzag.
Remarks : 5th B.S. in sight on port bow

(three ships).
Alter course together eight points to star-
board.
Battlefleet altered course to East
Engage Enemy Airship . . ■ ■

0333
0342

0340

0350

0330
0330

0422

0240

1055

0330
0350

486

APPENDIX n.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

IJUNE

3.57 a.m.

From

Sys-
tem.

— cont. ! I

S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S. - Flags

S.O. 5th B.S. ! S.O. 2nd L.C.S. S.L.

C.-in-C. - ' General - Flags

S.O. 1st B.S. Marlborough • , W/T

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

C.-in-C.
Commodore F.
S.O. 5th B.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Opal

General

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F. - C.-in-C. ■

S.O. B.C.F.- General

Marlborough

S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.

S.0.4thL.C.S.\ 4th L.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F.

S.0.4thL.C.S..

Fearless

C.-in-C.

Achates

S.O. 5th B.S.

Fearless

Commodore F.

C.-in-C.

Commodore F.

Captain D12-

S.0.4thL.C.S.

Light Cruisers

4th L.C.S. -

Marlborough -

5th B.S.

Ambuscade

5th B.S.

Marlborough -

12th Flotilla -

General

12th Flotilla -

Opal

4th L.C.S. .

S.O. B.C.F.. General

Flags
S.L.
S.L.

W/T

W/T
Flags

Flags
Flags
S.L.

Flags
Sem.
S.L.
W/T
Flags
Sem.
S.L.
Flags
S.L.
W/T
Flags

Flags

Alter course in succession to N.

Alter course leading ships together the
rest in succession to North. Admiral
intends to proceed at 17 knots.

Cease fire

Proceed to Tyne or Rosyth by M Channel.
Destroyers tvill be sent wheii available.
You should ask for local Destroyers
to convoy you. There are Jour of our
Submarines S. of Area 1.

King George V. take Guide of fleet

Have you seen anything of battlefleet or
Cruisers ? Reply : No.

Alter covirse leading ships together the
rest in succession to North. Admiral
intends to proceed at 17 knots.

When last seen Enemy was to the W.,
steering S.W., and proceeding slowly.
Zeppelin has passed astern of me steer-
ing West. Submit I may sweep S.W. to
locate Enemy.

My position Lat. 55 26 ' N., Long. 6 14' E.,
course N. by E., speed 20 knots.

Reference position at 4 a.m., 55 26' N.,
6 15' E.

Remarks : Enemy Airship in sight, 4.7
a.m. open fire, 4.12 a.m. cease fire.

Alter course together two points to port

Close Caroline

Spread well to westward and endeavour
to locate Enemy. Keep linking ships
in visual touch and pass to 3rd L.C.S.
My course N.N.W., 20 knots.

Admiral intends to proceed at 24 knots

I have been sent to escort you, shall I
proceed in front ? Reply : Yes, please.
Take station ahead three miles

What is your position, course and speed ?

Alter course together two poiiHs to starboard

What speed are you going? Reply: 13

knots.
Alter course together eight points to port -

Form divisions in line-ahead, columns

disposed abeam, ships turning to port.

Alter course together four points to starboard

Steer North ......

Form, single line-ahead. Alter course in
succession to N.N, W.

Alter course in succession to N.N.W.
Ships in column to keep close order.

APPENDIX n.

487

Date,

Sys-

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

1 JUNE

— ronf.

4.15 a.m.

Admiralty -

R.A. East
Coast

W/T

Send two Destroyers to eastern end of M

Channel to escort Marlborough.
Reply : Ness and Albatross detailed.

0416

4.16 —

Mame

Commodore F.

S.L.

No signs of Battle squadron. Shall I
return ?

—

4.16 —

Commodore F.

Ossory -

S.L.

Could you not have fired torpedoes last
night ? Reply : I did not think there was
a chance to hit, so did not fire.

4.17 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

1st Division -

Flags

Alter course together eight points to port -

—

4.17 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

1st B.S.

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots -

—

4.17 —

Commodore F.

1 2th Flotilla -

S.L.

How many casualties have you f -

—

4.18 —

Commodore F.

11th Flotilla ■

S.L.

Alter course together four points to port -

—

4.18 —

Ossory

Commodore F.

S.L.

Can you give me an approximate reference
position ?

—

4.20 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

Valiant

Sem.

Report nature of damage ? Reply : Nil

—

4.20 —

Marksman -

S.O. 1st B.S. -

S.L.

Marksman, Maenad with Champion, re-
mainder lost touch with after engaging
Enemy. Told them to steer South after
me, and at 3.40 a.m. on meeting Revenge
told them to steer North and try to pick
up fleet.

4.20 —

S.O. B.C.F. .

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

S.L.

My position at 4 a.m., 55° 26' N., 6^^ 15' E.
What do you make jours ? Reply :
4 a.m., 55"' 17' N., 6° E., 4th L.C.S.
bearing S.E. by E.

0419

4.20 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

S.O. 2ndB.S.-

S.L.

Request bearing of Iron Duke ? Reply :
S. 40° E.

4.20 —

Marksman -

Msenad

S.L.

Close. It is coming on thick -

—

4.20 —

Fearless

Marlborough -

Sem.

Will j'ou please give me j'our position?
Reply : Mv position 4.30 a.m., 55° 29'
N., 6° 01' E.

4.20 —

Achates

Ambuscade

W/T

I am endeavouring to join you -

0410

4.22 —

Commodore T.

General -

Flags

Take up night cruising order, columns to
be two cables apart. Admiral intends to
proceed at 15 knots.

—

4.22 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

—

4.23 —

C.-in-C.

5th B.S.

S.L.

Keep in visual touch ....

0421

4.23 —

.S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Keep within visual signalling distance

—

4.23 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

5th Subdivision

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

4.25 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

Alter course in succession to N. ^ E.

—

4.25 —

S.O.dthL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. ■

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

4.26 —

Southampton

—

Remarks : Mine in sight on port quarter

—

4.26 —

Commodore T.

General •

Flags

Alter course in succession to E.S.E. -

—

4.27 —

C.-in-C.

Marlborough -

W/T

What is your position, course and speed ? -

Reply : My position Lat. 55 29 N., Long.

6 03' E., course S.W., speed 14 knots.

04.27
0430

488

APPENDIX II.

Date,
Time of

From

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time
of

Despatch.

Origin.

1 JUNE

— cont.

4.28 a.m.

S.O.MiL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

4.28 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

3rd L.C.S. -

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 23 knots

—

4.30 —

Marlborough

Fearless

S.L.

My course S.W., speed 14 knots

0435

4.30 —

S.O. B.C.F.-

Battle Cruisers

Sem.
and
S.L.

Damage yesterday was heavy on both sides,
we hope to-day to cut o_ff and annihilate
the whole German Fleet. Every man
mu.st do his utmost. Lutzow is sinking
and another German Battle Cruiser ex-
pected to have sunk.

4.30 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Resume original course together -

—

4.30 —

Ambuscade •

Commodore F.

S.L.

Have expended all torpedoes. Tipperary

—

(?)

and Fortune were blown up.

4.30 —

S.OAthL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together Jour points to starboard

—

4.30 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

5th Subdivision

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard -

—

4.31 —

Dublin

S.O. B.C.F.

and C.-in-C.

W/T

Urgent. One Cruiser and two Destroyers,
probably hostile, in sight. Bearing East,
Course S. My position Lat. 55 30' N.,
Long. 6 33' E.

0430

4.32 —

Commodore F.' Ambuscade •

S.L.

Form astern of Kempenfelt division. Were

—

flotilla in action last night ? Reply :

Enemy's Battleshijjs cut through 4th

Flotilla. We had one Cruiser and, I think.

our other torpedo got home.

4.32 —

S.0.2nd L.C.S.

C.-in-C. and
S.O. B.C.F.

W/T

Priority. Mine in sight Lat. 55° 26' N.,
Long. 6' 14' E.

0425

4.32 —

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th Division -

Flags

Resume original course together -

—

4.34 —

S.N.O. Har-
wich.

Admiralty

L/T

Carysfort, Undaunted, Conquest, Cleo-
patra, Aurora, Nimrod, Lightfoot,
Laforey, Mentor, Myngs, Murray,
Mihie, Miranda, Manly, Loyal, Lance,
Lasso, Leonidas, Lark, Firedrake,
Lookout, Laverock, Lysander, Lawford,
sailed.

4.34 —

Dublin

S.O. 2nd L.C.S

W/T

My position approximately at 4.30 a.m.
Lat. 55^ 30' N., Long. 6^ 32' E.

0432

4.35 —

S.O. 4th L.C.S

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course in succession to North.
Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots.

—

4.35 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

F.L.

Course of Fleet is North - - - -

0435

4.36 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 2nd L.C.S

S.L.

Close nearer to Admiral - - - -

—

4.38 —

Commodore F.

Ambuscade

S.L.

What course have you been steering ?
Reply : South.

—

4.38 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 19 knots -

—

4.38 —

(?)
4.40 —

Commodore F.

11th Flotilla -

S.L.

Form cruising order. Course S. -

—

Commodore F.

Ambuscade

S.L.

Have you seen batllefleet ? Reply : No •

—

4.40 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

Enemy fleet has returned to harbour.
Try to locate Lutzow.

0440

4.40 —

Active

S.O. 5th B.S.-

S.L.

Am I to take station on 5th B.S.'s bow?
Reply : Keep touch with Iron Duke
and Barham when we get in station.

0430

APPENDIX II.

489

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

IJUNE

4.40 a.m.

4.42 —

— cont.
Non.such

S.OAthL.C.S.

Captain D12 -
4th L.C.S. -

W/T
Flags

Cut off by Gerynan Cruisers. Do not know
my position. Am steering South. Re-
quest instructions.

Zigzag one point. First turn to starboard

0230

4.42 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

Tiger -

S.L.

Our battlefleet S.E.

0430

4.43 —

King George
V.

S.O. 1st B.S.-
Shannon

C.-in-C.

S.L.

Battle Cruiser fleet in sight N.N.W.

0485

4.45 —
4.45 —

Marlborough -
S.O. 2nd C.S.-

W/T

Sem.

Report which j>ort you decide to go to ?

Reply : Rosyth

2nd L.C.S., 5th B.S. and 4th L.C.S. E. by

S.
Soudan and Berbice to be sent to Scapa -

Alter course together two points to port

0440
0600
0425

4.45 —
4.45 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. 1st B.S.-

R.A. Inver-
gorden.

5th Subdivision

W/T
Flags

0445

4.45 —

4.46 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F. -
S.O. B.C.F. -

General

S.O 1st, 2nd
and 3rd L.C.S.
General

S.L.

V//T
Flags

Leading ships of divisions look out for

Lutzow, damaged, ahead.
My course is East - - - - -

Alter course in succession to E.

0430

0445

4.46 —
4.50 —

Canada

S.O. IstB.S.-

C.-in-C.

5th Subdivision

W/T
Flags

FoUov/ing received : Opal to D12. Eight
T.B.Ds., course South, 16 knots, 15 miles
to westward.

Alter course together two points to port

4.50 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Admiral resume Guide of fleet

—

4.50 —

Conmiodore T.

General -

Flags

Alter course in succession to S.

—

4..50 —

King George
V.

S.0.4thL.C.S.

C.-in-C.

S.L.

Mine in sight, starboard beam of Centurion

—

4.50 —

4th L.C.S. ■

Flags

Alter course together four points to starboard

—

4.50 —

4.51 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O.SrdL.C.S.
Dublin

Captain D13,
Narborough.

Light Cruisers
S.O. 2nd L.C.S.

W/T

Flags

W/T

My position at 4 a.m. was 55° 26' N. 6°
15' E., course N. ^ E., speed 20 knots.
What is yom- position, course and
speed ? — and join me with destroyers.

Spread on a line of bearing South, ships
two miles apart.

My 0432. Dublin steering North, 1 7 knots

0440
0445

4.52 —
4.52 —

4.52 —

S.O. 4th L.C.S.
Galatea

S.O. B.C.F. -

4th L.C.S. -
S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

Flags
S.L.

S.L.

Alter course together four points to

starboard.
My speed is reduced to 18 knots. I can

now do 24, with a little time to work up.

Propose joining 1st L.C.S. if they are

with you.
Our battlefleet bearing N.E. My course

is E.
What is your speed ? - - - -

0445
0450

4.52 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

4.55 —

Obedient

S.O. Ist B.S. -

Flags

Mine in sight N.W. ...

—

4.55 —

Benbow

—

Remarks : Sounded action

—

4.55 —

S.O. B.C.F.
via Mino-
taur.

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

S.L.

Where is battlefleet please T Reply :
Bearing S.S.E.

490

APPENDIX II.

From

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

—cont.
S.OAthL.C.S.

Captain D13

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Oarland

S.O. 1st B.S.

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

Commodore T.

Marne

King George
V.

Benbow

Maenad

S.O. B.C.F. -

Tiger

S.O. B.C.F..

S.O.lstB.C.S.

C.-in-C.

S.OAthL.C.S.
S.QAthL.C.S.
S.O. 2nd C.S.
C.-in-C.
S.O. B.C.F. -
S.O. 1st B.S.-
C.-in-C.
S.O. B.C.F..
S.O. 5th B.S.
S.O.SrdL.C.S.
Commodore T
S.O.ithL.CS.

4th L.C.S. ■

Destroyers in

Company.
3rd L.C.S. ■

Achates -

5th Subdivision
S.O. 5th B.S.-
Galatea
General -
Commodore F.
C.-in-C.
General
Marksman

S.O. 2nd L.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F. .
General
S.O. B.C.F. .
Commodore F.

Caroline

4th L.C.S. -

2nd C.S.

5th B.S.

General

5th Subdivision

S.O. 5th B.S. -

B.C.F. .

5th B.S.

3rd L.C.S. '

General

4th L.C.S. -

Flags
Flags
Flags

W/T

Flags
S.L.
S.L.

Flags
W/T
S.L.
Flags
Sem.

S.L.

Flags
Sem.

W/T

S.L.

Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags
S.L.
Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags

A Iter course together fotir points to starboard.

Admiral intends to proceed at 24 knots. '
Admiral intends to proceed at 21 knots - •

Form single line-ahead in sequence of fleet

numbers.
My position at 3.30 a.m. 56" 30' N., 5' 49'

E. Contest in company. Contest cannot

steam more than 20 knots. Request

instructions.
Admiral intends to proceed at 19 knots

Our Battle Cruisers N.W.

1st L.C.S. bears W. from me - - -

Alter course in succession to S.E. by S.

12th Flotilla bearing S.E. with Cruisers

Our Light Cruisers and some T.B.Es. on
port bow. B.C.F. in sight N.W. I

Mine in sight - - - ' - - - I

Please give me your position ? Reply : |
Estimated position 5 a.m. 56° 2' N., \
6° 8' E.

What is bearing and distance of C.-in-C? ;
Is Dublin in touch with Enemy?

Our battle fleet bears S.E.

Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots

With reference to men killed, when do you
propose burying them ?

My position at 4.45 a.m. is 55 29' N.,
6 2' E., steering N. at 17 knots. What
is your position, course and speed?

Keep clear of Active ....

Alter course together to North. Admiral

intends to proceed at 20 knots.
Alter course in succession to East

Take station on the starboard beam of

Colossus, 11 cables distance.
Alter course in succession eight points to

starboard.
Alter course together one point to starboard

Ascertain and report Warspite's position,
course and speed, and condition.

Alter course in succes.sion six jjoints to port

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

Shijis in cohi.mn to be one mile apart

Alter course in succession to E.S.E.

Form single line-ahead in sequence in which
ships now are.

0410

0455

0453

0500

0445
0455

0444

APPENDIX n.

491

From

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

— cont.
C.-in-C. via
Engadine.
S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. 5th B.S.

Commodore T.
Cochrane
Commodore F.
S.O.SrdL.C.S.
Captain D12

Commodore T.
S.0.2ndL.C.S.
S.O. 2nd C.S.

Fearless
Marvel

S.OAthL.G.S.

Princess Royal

S.O. 1st B.S.-

C.-in-C.

Benbow

S O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 5th B.S.
Commodore F.
S.O.SrdL.C.S.
Cochrane
S.O. Ciuisers
S.O. B.C.F. -

Warrior

B.C.F. .

5th B.S.

General
S.O. 2nd C.S.
General
3rd L.C.S.
Nonsuch

General
S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. 5th B.S.-

Marlliorough
S.O. 1st B.S.
4th L.C.S.

Tiger

5th Subdivision
General

S.O. 2nd L.C.S,

5th B.S.
Mons -
Cordelia
S.O. 2nd C.S.
Cruisers
General

W/T
Flags

Sem.

Flags
Sem.
S.L.
Flags

W/T

Flags
S.L.
S.L.

S.L.
Sem.
Flags

S.L.

Flags
Flags

S.L.

Flags
Flags
S.L.
Sem.
Flags
Flags

What is your position? - - - -

Alter course in succession eight points to
port. Admiral intends to proceed at 18
knots.

5th B.S. is stationed three miles ahead of
Iron Duke to look out for datnaged German
Battle Cruiser LiUzow and Destroyers
with her.

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

5th B.S. on starboard beam - -

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

Alter course together to North. Admiral

intends to proceed at 20 knots.
Steer North. Endeavour to join fleet

steering N. 18 knots. Otherwise return to

base.
Alter course in succession to N. 60° E.

5th B.S. bears about S.E. three miles -

What is bearing and distance of Iron
Duke from you ? Reply : West, three
miles.

Mine ahead of you - ... -

Please give me your 4 a.m. position ?

Reply : 55^ 8' N., 6^ 16' E.
Form single line-abreast to starboard on

Comus in sequence of Calliope, Constance,

Comus, Royalist and Caroline. Ships in

column to be five cables apart.
I hope all is well after our busy afternoon ?

Reply : Many thanks for kind inquiries,

am rather heavy. I hope all is well with

you.
Alter course together one point to port

Reference position 4.45 a.m., 55° 29' N.,
6 02' E.

Remarks : Battle Cruisers, Light Cruisers
and Destroyers sighted on port quarter.

Where is Dublin, and is she in touch
with Enemy Cruiser reported ?

Reply : Dublin last reported position
was approximately Lat. 55^ 30' N., Long.
6° 32' E. at 4.32 a.m. I have not seen
her since 10 p.m. last night.

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

Take station one mile on port bow -

I am going to make a sweep to the north-
ward.
Battleships bearing S.S.W.

Alter course in succession to North -

0505

0510

0500

0515

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots - —

0507
0515

0515

492

APPENDIX II.

Date.

Sys-
tem.

-•-

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

1 JUNE

— cont.

.■>.20a.m.

Cordelia

S.O. 3rd L.C.S.

S.L.

Galatea bus rejoined, am passing your

0520

5.20 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

signal.

Where are you going? Reference posi-
tion 4.45 a.m., 55 29' N., 6 02' E,,
course North, speed 17 knots.

Reply : I have closed you in accordance
with your orders. Am I to locate

0520
0525

Cruiser reported by Dublin, probably one ]

of two in sinking condition last night ?

Further reply : Yes, I will take a cast to 0535

southward and eastv/ard and then come

North again, as I think Liitzov/ must

be to eastward.

5.20 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

Comus -

Flags Take station ahead of Iron Duke three miles

—

5.20 —

S.0.3idL.C.S.

Champion

S.L. Go between Yarmouth and Birkenhead -

0520

5.21 —

Commodore T.

General -

Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots

—

5.22 —

Biarritz

C.-in-C, Nore "

W/T Request instructions as to passage between
Nevvarp Light and Sheerness.

0550

5.23 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

Flags , Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

—

5.25 —

Hampshire -

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

Sem. Battlefleet bearing W.S. W. - - -

0515

5.25 —

S.O. 5th B.S.
via Valiant.

Warspite

W/T 1 What is your position, course and speed
and condition ?

0518

5.26 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

5th Subdivision

Flags Alter course together one point to port

5.27 —

Agincourt -

S.O. 1st B.S. -

Flags

Mitie in sight port side . - - -

—

5.28 —

S.O.lstL.C.S.

S.O. 3rd L.C.S.

S.L.

Course of Battle Cruisers North, 18 knots.
I have rejoined.

—

5.29 —

Achates

Ainbuscade

W/T

What is your position, course and speed ?

0445

5.30 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

3rd L.C.S. •

Flags Ships in column to be two miles apart

—m

5.30 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

Boadicea

S.L. Take station ahead of King George V. one

0523

mile.

5.30 —

Dublin

Marksman

S.L.

Have you seen battlefleet or anyone ?
Reply : No. Champion is with us.

—

5.30 —

Admiralty -

C.-in-C.

W/T

Elbing still afloat at 3.47, without crew.
Position 3 a.m. 55° 45' N., 6 26' E.

0530

5.30 —

C.-in-C.

Captain D12
Flotilla.

W/T

Direct Onslaught to return to base

0517

5.30 —

S.0.3rdL.C.S.

S.O. 1st L.C.S.

S.L.

Will you spread between me and Battle
Cruisers and keep touch, they are East
from me ?

Reply : Certainly. I am taking eastern

0526

position as ray speed is a little reduced.
Lion bears E.

5.30 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to port -

—

5.32 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

SrdL.C.S. .

Flags

Alter course together to N.N. W.

—

5.32 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

C.-in-C.

W/T

Minotaur bears from Barham N. 26^ E.,
three miles. Duke of Edinburgh is with
squadron.

0531

5.35 —

Marlborough

Fearless

Flags

Alter course in succession to S.W. by W.-

—

">.35 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

5th Subdivision

Flags

Alter course together one point to starboard

—

APPENDIX n.

493

1 JUNE — cont.
5.3tJa.m.! S.0.5th B.S.

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

5.37-
5.37-
5.40-
5.40-
5.40-

5.42

5.43-

5.43

5.44-

5.44

5.45

S.O. B.C.F. -
S.O.ilhL.C.S.
S.0.3rdL.C.S.
S.O. 5th B.S.
Commodore F.

S.O. 5th B.S.
S.O. B.C.F. -
S.O.SrdL.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F. -
S.O.SrdL.C.S.
S.0.3rdL.C.S.
S.O. 1st B.S.
Warrior

S.L.

5.45

Commodore F.

General - Flags

4ih L.C.S. - Flags

S.O. Ist L.C.S. S.L.

Active - - Flags

C.-in-C. - W/T

5th B.S. - j Flags

General - Flags

3rd L.C.S. - ! Flags
Captain Dl 3 - j W/T
3rd L.C.S. - Flags
S.O. 1st L.C.S. I S.L.
5th Subdivision Flags

Engadine

5.45— \S.0.2ndL.C.S.

5.46 — j C.-in-C.

5.46 — j Marksman -

5.46 — Captain D13

5.48— S.O. B.C.F. -

5.50 —
5.50 —

Ossory

2nd L.C.S. -
Warrior
Captain D13 -

Sem.

S.L.

S.L.
W/T
S.L.

Following received. Leading ships look 0510
out for damaged Battle Cruiser J^itzow
and Destroyers. {Minotaur repeated to
Cruisers and Destroyers in company.) j

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots - —

Admiral intends to proceed at 1 7^ knots I —

Glad to see you back. Anything the 0540

matter ? i

Take station astern of Malaya - - j —

My position approximately at 5 a.m. 0585
55 48' N., 6 22' E., course N., speed
20 knots.

Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots - —

Alter course in succession to S.E. - - ; —

Alter course together to S.E.

My position 55° 45' N., 6° 16' E., course 0530

N., speed 18 knots.
Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

C.-in-C.

Marlborough

Destroyers in Flags

Company.
S.Os. 1st, 2nd W/T

and 3rd

L.C.Ss, and

Captain D13. j
Colossus - S.L

Fearless

F.L.

Can you give bearing and distance of Lion ?
Alter course together one point to starboard

Have you enough coal to get to Cromarty?
Reply : Will have 135 tons left at
6 a.m. Consumption per hoxir 5 tons
at present speed revolutions for 15
knots. Reckon our position at 8 a.m.
from entrance to Cromarty 210 miles.
Calculation of amovmt of coal is on the
right side.

What did you make out those Cruisers were
which attacked me last night ? Reply :
Two three-funnelled Cruisers like Germans.
I only saw two, both of which we had seen
before, when you challenged*them and they
did not answer. I do not think they were
ours.

Admiral intends to proceed at 24 knots

What is your position, course and speed ?

Please give me your position? Reply :

]\Iy position is very doubtful, but is

roughly 56° N., 6" 20' E.
Alter course in succession to N. Admiral

intends to proceed at 23 knots.
Mv course S.E., speed 18 knots, position

55" 45' N., 6° 16' E.

Challenge Cruisers ahead of you

Submarines G2, G3, G4, G5, are in a
position Lat. 54° 30' N., Long. 4° 0' E.

0541

0500

0505

0530

0550

0526

494

APPENDIX II.

Date,

1
tem' ' Message.

Time

Time of

From

Despatch.

Origin.

1
1 JUNE

— cont.

5.50 a.m.

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4lh L.C.S. ■

S.L.

Zigzag 1^ points. First turn to starboard

—

6.54 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 2ndL.C.S.

S.L. I am casting to the S.E. to endeavour to

pick up a wounded Battle Cruiser

sighted by Dublin. Screen ahead of me.

I shall alter course to the southward at

i 6.15 a.m.

0560

5.55 —

Commodore T. General -

Sem. // the flotillas are required for special service

0550

the flotilla leaders will take charge.

6.55 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

5th Subdivision

Flags ! Alter course together one point to port -

—

6.55 —

Commodore F. Destroyers

Flags Alter course together eight points to port

—

6.55 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S. Light Cruisers

Flags

Alter course in succession to S.

—

5.55 —

C.-in-C. - S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T What do you know of Indomitable's and
Inflexible's movements ?

0555

Reply : They are with me - - -

0680

5.55 —

S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.

Flags Alter course together tuo points to port

—

6.57 —

CommodoreF.i C.-in-C. -

W/T My position 56 9' N., 6 15' E., course W.,

0600

speed 20 knots.

5.58 —

S.O. 4th B.S.

C.-in-C. -

S.L. ! Four Armoured Cruisers in line-ahead,
ahead of 5th B.S., steering same course.

0550

.6.0 —

Commodore T.I C.-in-C.

W/T 1 Am proceeding to Lat. 55 15' N., Long. 3^

0540

05' E., with five Light Cruisers and 18

Destroyers. Request instructions. My

position 0515. Sunk L.V., 22 knots.

Reply : Detach four T.B.Ds. to screen

0700

Marlborough proceeding to Rosyth via

"M " channel does not require any help.

Her position at 4.30 a.m. 56 30' N.,

6 3' E., steering S.W., 14 knots.

6.0 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

Flags

Alter course together one point to port.
Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots.

6.2 —

C.-in-C.

Light Cruisers

Flags

Preserve compass bearings

—

6.2 —

C.-in-C.

Colossus

S.L.

Pass course to Cruisers. Cruisers preserve
compass bearings.

—

6.3 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags
and
S.L.

Alter course leading ships together the
rest in succession to S.E.

6.3 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O.s 1st, 2nd
and 3rd L.C.S.

W/T

My course 6.15 a.m. South

060(1

6.5 —

C.-in-C.

Vanguard

S.L.

Drop back so that I can turn

0600

6.6 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Srd L.C.S. -

S.L.

Alter course in succession to S.E.

—

6.7 —

Shannon

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

S.L.

Battlefleet are altering approximately 12
points to starboard.

0600

6.8 —

S.O.dthL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. ■

S.L.

Alter course together to S.E.

—

6.10 —

Kempenfelt -

Commodore F.

Sem.

I make my position at 6 a.m. 56^ 4' N.,
5" 30' E.

—

6.10 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

2nd L.C.S. ■

S.L.

Birmingham take station E., three miles.
Nottingharn take station W., three miles.

—

6.11 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

Flags

Reform .----.-

—

6.12 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

Flags

Alter course in succession 12 poitits to
starboard.

—

6.13 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Srd L.C.S. -

S.L.

Alter course in succession to South •

—

APPENDIX II.

496

1 JUNE

6.14 a.m.

f). 1 .J —
G.15 —
6.17 —
6.20 —
6.20 —

S.O. B.C.F. -
S.O. B.C.F. -
SO.ithL.C.S.
S.O. Cruisers
Vanguard

Revenge
Warrior

S.O. B.C.F.,
S.O. 1st B.S.,
S.O. 2nd C.S.,
All Captains
D.

General

Captain D13 -
4th L.C.S. ■
Cruisers
S.O. 4th B.S..

W/T My course S.E. Speed 17 knots

Flags i Alter course in succession to South

Engadine

Commodore F.
S.0.4thL.C.S.
S.O. 1st B.S.
S.0.2ndL.C.S.
S.O. Cruisers
Commodore F.
S.O. 5th B.S.
Mentor
Commodore T.

C.-in-C.

S.O. Cruisers
S.O. 5th B.S.

Destroyers
4th L.C.S.

W/T
S.L.
Flags
S.L.

0602

What is your position, course and speed? ; 0615
Reform, on Comus - - - - - | —
Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots - ' —

Sena.

5th Subdivision Flags
S.O. B.C.F. - I S.L.

Flags

S.L.

Cruisers
Destroyers
5th B.S.
Coynmodore T.
C.-in-C.

General

Cruisers
5lh B.S.

Flags

Flags
Flags

W/T

Flags
Flags
Flage

Urgent. Following parts for 12-in. Hoi-
Strom breech mechanistn damaged during
action, 31st May, Urgently required.
Lock, electric, one ; guide bolt, one ;
insulating bushes for front end of striker,
six. 'This tyjje of mechan i^sm being unique
application to replace through usual
channels will only result in delay. Sub-
tnit therefore a telegraphic demand be
made on Admiralty that Vanguard is
sending direct to the makers, Coventry
Ordnance Works, the following parts for
rebushing of tube chamber, namely, vent
stalk, one. All this work very urgent, as
spare parts have already been used.

Remarks : Passing wreckage both sides-

If I hoist K flag slip the tow and drop
alongside, starboard side if possible.

This will be an urgent signal to take oJB
ship's company. At night a succession
of K's will be made till answered by J.
Have a grass line and buoy read}'^ on the
end of towing-wire in case it is again
required to take ship in tow.

Assume cruising order. Course S.E.

Admiral intends to proceed at 1 7 knots

Alter course together one point to port

Sail right ahead .....

Alter course together one point to starboard.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots.
Alter course in succession to S.S.E. -

Alter course together two points to starboard

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots.
Mine in sight .....

Cancel my message timed 0540 first sen-
tence. I am proceeding to Lat. 55 30'
N., Long. 6' 0' E.

Alter course leading ships together the
rest in succession to S.E. by S.

Alter course together two points to port

0520

0630

0620

496

APPENDIX II.

Date,
Time of

From

1
To

Sys-

Message.

Time
of

Despatch.

Origin.

1 JUNE

— cont.

U. 45 a.m.

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

3rd L.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course in succession to S.E. Admiral
intends to proceed at 20 knots.

C.45 —

Dublin

Marksman

Sem.

I have picked up a man belonging to
Tipperary. Can you tell me what
happened to Tipperary and Sparrow-
hawk ? Reply : Tipperary was sunk.

6.45 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

2nd L.C.S. -

S.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots

—

6.46 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Inconstant -

S.L.

Are you in easy signalling touch with the
next Light Cruiser? Reply : Yes, with
Phaeton.

0045

6.47 —

S.O. let B.S.

5th Subdivision

Flags

Alter course in succession to S.S.E. -

—

6.48 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard

—

6.50 —

Dublin

Marksman

Sem.

I suppose you will sink Sparrowhawk?
Reply : I am trying to take her in tow,
but if it cannot be managed, shall sink
her.

6.51 —

Marksman -

C.-in-C.

W/T

Tipperary sunk. I am getting survivors -

0650

6.52 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Light Cruisers

S.L.

Alter course in succession to South -

—

6.54 —

Captain D13

Marlborough -

W/T

My position 56° 0' N., 6° 10' E., course
N., 23 knots, at 0545.

0601

6.54 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard

—

6.55 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

6.57 —

Captain D13

Marlborough -

W/T

My position at 0615 56° 9' N., 6" 5' E., 0621
course N. | W., 20 knots. Please give
me yours.

6.58 —

Captain D13

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

Joining Marlborough .... 0640

7.0 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

C.-in-C.

W/T

Malaya several holes below water. Sub- 0605
merged flat flooded. Hit on top of one
turret, necessitating use of auxiliary ;

loading gear. One 6-in. gun out of

action. Spf-ed unimpaired. Several

casualties. Barham armament and speed

unimpaired. Two compartments flooded.

Several casualties. Main and auxihary

W/T wrecked. Buzzer still in use.

Valiant no damage. Warspite holed

twice in wing engine room. Speed

reduced to 16 knots.

7.0 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

Abdiel has laid mines 12 miles W. of her
last mine field. I will sweep N. on a
five mile front from 55° 35' N., 6 23' E.
Keep to the Eastward of me.

0652

7.0 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

2nd L.C.S. -

S.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 21 kriots

—

7.0 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

C.-in-C.

W/T

If nothing is sighted by 7.30 a.m. propose i 0655

altering and sweep N.E.
Reply ; Approved - - - 0721

7.3 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Alter course together two points to port - ■ —

7.4 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. 1st B.S.,
Commodore F

W/T

Join me 8.15 a.m. 55° 56' N., 6° 13' E. - j 0638
Reply from S.O. 1st B.S. : Cannot reach | 0805

rendezvous before 8.45 a.m.

APPENDIX II.

497

Date,

Time of ,

Despatch.!

From

Sys-
teiu.

Message

Time

of
Origin.

JUNE —cont.

.5 a.m. S.O. Cruisers

.7 — S.O. Ist B.S.

.12— S.O. 5th B.S.

. 1 ."i — Engadine

.1.5 — S.O. Cruisers

.1.5 — C.-in-C.

.16— C.-in-C.

Cruisers - ! Flags

■5th Subdivision Flags
Sth B.S. - Flags

Cruisers - I Flags

General - Flags

Commodore F. W T

7.20 —

C.-in-C.

•

Warrior and
Warspite.

A^' T

7.2(1 —
7.20 —

C.-in-C.
Warrior

S.O. B.C.F.,
S.O. 1st B.S.,
S.O. 7th C.S.,
Captains D4,
11, 12.

Engadine

W,T
Sem.

7.20 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

7.20 —

Blanche

C.-in-C.

S.L

7.20 —

S.O.

2nd B.S.

1st Division -

Flags

7.23 —

S.O.

Sth B.S.

■5th B.S.

Flags

7.23 —

S.O.

2nd B.S.

Centurion

S.L.

7.24 —

Canada

General

Flags

7.25 —

S.O.

Cruisers

Flags

7.25 —
7.25 —

S.O. B.C.F. -
Narborough-

General

S.O. B.C.F. -

Flags
and
W/T
W/T

7.26 —

S.O.

B.C.F. -

Destroj'ers

Flags

7 27

S.O.
C.-iB

Cruisers
-C.

Cruisers and
Destroyers.
Light Cruisers

Flags

7.30 —

S.O.

1st B.S.

C.-in-C.

W T

7..30 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

3rd L.C.S. -

S.L.

7.3 —

S.O.dthL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. - ,

Flags

X 12

872

Alter course together two points to port -
Alter course together two points to starboard
Alter course together two points to starboard
Remarks : K flag hoisted by Warrior -
Alter course together two points to starboard
Mine in sight

Alter course leading ships together the —

rest in succession to N.
Are all your Destroyers in company or in 0658

communication ? Report names oi any

you cannot get into communication with.
Reply : All Destroyers of 11th FlotiUa 0733

present, also Ambuscade.
What is your position, course and speed ? 0703

Reply irom Warspite : position Lat. 56 0730

32' N., Long. 0 44' E., course W., speed

of advance 16 knots.

( Warrior s reply see S.2 a.m.)
My course N. - - 0715

Slip wire, never mind buoying it - - —

Alter course together 16 points to starboard- — •

Mine on your starboard bow - - - —

Form astern and follow in the wake of your —

divisional Guide.

Alter course together two points to port - —

I am going to turn to starboard - - ; —

Mine in sight - - - - - —

Alter course together two points to port - —

Alter course in succession to N.N.E. - , 0726

My 6 a.m. position 56^ 10' X., 4 4' E., i 0652
proceeding from S.E. 25 with Pelican j
and Forrester.

Form Submarine screen ...

Reform. Alter course in succession to N.-
Preserve compass bearings

My position 6.40 a.m. 55 55' N., 6 15' E., ' 0640
course S.S.E., 19 knots.

Alter cour/ic in -surce-fsion to X.X.E. I —

Admiral intends to proceed at IS knots. \

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots - ! —

I i

498

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of
Desjjatc'li.

FiOM

Sys-
tem.

Message.

1 JUNE conl.
l.:i-2a.in. S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 2iid L.C.S. S.L

7.32 —
7.32 —

S.O. 5th B.S.
S.O. 2nd C.S.

5th B.S.
C.-in-C.

Flags
S.L.

7.32 —

S.0.2ndL.(J.S.

2nd L.C.S. -

S.L.

7.33 —
7.35 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.O. 5th B.S.

C.-in-C.

5th B.S.

S.L.
Flags

7.35 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

1st B.S.

Flags

7.36 —
7.36 —

Marksman -

Marlborough -

C.-in-C,

Captain Dll.
Captain D13 -

W/T
W/T

7.37 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

.3rd L.C.S. -

S.L.

7.38 —
7.40 —

S.O. B.C.F. -
S.O. 1st B.S.

S.Os. 1st, 2nd
and .3rd L.C.S.

5th Sybdi vision

W/T

Flags

7.40 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

Flags

7.41 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

5th Subdivision

Flags

7.45 —

S.O. 5th B.S.-

C.-in-C.

S.L.

7.45 —

S.O. B.C.F.-

Princess
Royal.

Brittle Cruisers

Sem.

Indicate numbers of officers and men
killed and wounded and rank of officer
left in command ? Replies : South-
ampton, 28 men killed, 35 men seriously
injured, one officer and five men less
seriously. Nottingham and Birmingham,
nil. Dublin, one officer and two men
killed and 19 wounded. Southampton I
has considerable damage to hull and I
one 6-in. gun and anti-aerial gun out of
action. ]

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots - —

Escort Destroyers of Group 8 in company- 0730

Alter course in succession to N.N. E. • —

1st B.S. in sight N. - - - - 0731

Alter course together four points to starboard —

Alter course together one point to starboard- —

Am endeavouring to tow Sparrowhawk 0731

stern first.
My position 7.15 a.m. 55 5' N., 5 44' E., 0715

course S.W. by W., speed 14 knots.
Alter course together 16 points to starboard —

Course will be altered at 8 a.m. to N. - 0735

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots - —

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots - —

Alter course in succession 16 points to .ttar- —

board.
1st B.S. in sight bearing N. - 0730

Report damage su-stained in action - • - —

Reply : Carpenter s defects : hole in reserve
bunker 66 to 82 port at water line, bunker
flooded. A upper bunker also flooded
through reserve passage. Hole in Ad-
miraVs cabin, port side. Armour of B
turret shifted. Hole in canteen store and
after engine room casing badly damaged
by same shot. Hole in X turret at line of
deck. Holes in both struts to masts.
Several holes i7i upper deck. All com-
partments in wake of shots badly splintered
X turret large piece punched out of glacis.
Armour di-'itorted and turret jammed. A
turret left gun breech out of action.

Engineers : Fire main pipes. Ship and
bunker ventilation trunk badly damaged.
At 66 and before 256 Nos. 1 and 2 funnels
badly pierced and funnel guys carried
away. Gearing of flood valves to B, X
and after 4-in. magazine defective. Both
after engine rootn ca-nngs completely
wrecked.

APPENDIX II.

499

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

1 JUNE —coHt.
7.45 a.m. Princess

Royal — e>>iit.

Tiger

New Zealand

—

Inflexible
Indomitable -

—

45 —

Commodore F.

Destroyers

Flags

45 —

S.O. B.C.F.-

Battle Cruisers

Flags

7.48-
7.51

7.5.3

7.55
7.55 •
7.55

S.O. 5th B.S. 5fh B.S.
Felixstowe - Admiralty

Hercules

:s.o. 1st B.S.

Commodore F. Destroyers
Fearless - Marlborough -
C.-in-C. Dublin -

Time

of
Origin.

Boatswains : Main derrick lopping
lift two guys, fore shroud port side, wire I
towing pendant, both stump masts lopping '
lift purcha.fes and guys. All screens and
covers on upper deck and bridges, nets cut
in places, funnel guys. •

Further reply : Many electrical supply fans, 1128
searchlights, navyphones and wiring dam- '
aged or destroyed.

Reply : Principal damage is as follows : 0825
Main steam pipe in port turbine room
damaged. Right gun of A, left gun of
Q damaged and unreliable. Port maga-
zine of Q turret, port 6-in. magazine and
shell room flooded. Much damage tinder
fore part forecastle, two large holes just j
above ivater line port side. \

Reply: Unimportant damage to base of X 0835
turret. Nothing to interfere with fighting \
efficiency. :

Reply : Has sustained no damage - • \ 0750

Reply : No damage - - • • - 0840

Alter course in succession 16 points, the
ships turning outwards.

Indicate number of officers killed and
wounded, and rank of officer left in
command. Rejdy in three hoists. Indi-
cate mimber of men killed and wounded.
Reply in two hoists.

Inflexible
Indomitable
New Zealand
Tiger
Princess Royal

Killed.
0

Officers.

Wounded. Command.

0
0
0
0
2
Men.

Tiger

Princess Royal
New Zealand
Inflexible
Indomitable

Killed.
21

18
0
0
0

Wounded.
38
50

Flags Alter course together four points to port -

W/T S.N.O. Harwich from Hornet. Hornet,
Mastiff, Matchless, Hind, Druid, Sand-
fly, Ferret, Beaver, expect to arrive
about 0815 and wish to enter.

Sem. One four -funnelled ship, one Cruiser and
Destroyer, bearing S.E. by S. about four
miles astern, steering approximately
North. Look like British ships.

Flags Alter course in .succession to N.N^.E.

S.L. Mine on starboard bow . - - -
S.L. Demand and reply

071i

0750

I i 2

500

APPENDIX II.

Date,
PITiino of
Despatch.

From

Sys-
tern.

1 JUNE —cont.
7.5()a.m. C.-in-C.

8.0
8.0

S.O

S.O. 5tb B.S.

C.-in-C. - S.O. 5th B.S. - H.L.

Engadine

S.O. Cruisers i Destroyers

C.-in-C. - i Dubhn -

C.-in-C.

Dublin

8.0
8.1

8.1

8.2

S.O. B.C.F. - General
S.O. Sth B.S. 5th B.S.

^S.O.SrclL.C.S.
Engadine

3rd L.C.S. -

C.-in-C, R.A.
Invergorden.

8.4 — I Marksman - C.-in-C.

W/T

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

s. L. Are you in communication with Warspite ?
Reply : Barham's W T cannot get War-
spite. Vahant has asked her ior inform-
ation required. Warspite has received
signal, but as answer is so weak it cannot
be read. H

Further reply from C.-in-C. : I have re-
ceived her answer. Her position Lat.
56 39' N., Long. 1 43' E., course West,
speed 16 knots at 6.10 a.m.

— Remarks : Took ship's company off
Warrior.

S.L. Minotaur's position at 8 a.m. 55° 50' N.,
6 30' E. Please pass to screen as they
rejoin.

S.L. Where is Cruiser and two T.B.Ds. you
reported in your 0430 ? Reply : German
' Armoured Cruiser was lost sight of in
fog, in approximate position 55 28' N.,
6 32' E. Position is very approximate
because navigating officer has been
killed. Submit I may be given 8.0 a.m.
position.

S.L. Was she disabled or steaming? Reply:
As far as I could see she was uot disabled
and appeared to be steaming fast.

Flags Alter course in succession to N.

Flags Alter course together two points to starboard.

Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots.
S.L. , Alter course in succession to North -

0755

0816

Marksman -

C.-in-C.

W/T

8.5 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

Flags

8.6 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

8.7 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

8.8 —

R.A. Scapa -

Aberdeen

W/T

Warrior completely disabled in tow of
Engadine. My course and speed are
W.N.W., seven knots. Tug is required
urgently. 57 18' N., 3 45' E.

Priority. Hawser parted. Shall I sink
Sparrowhawk? My position 56 4' N.,
6 10' E.

Reply : Is salvage impossible ?

Reply : Sparrowhawk has been sunk having
received orders from S.O. 1st B.S.

Indicate percentage of principal fuel re-
maining on board. Replies : —

Minotaur 76 per cent.

Hampshire 77 „

Duke of Edinburgh 70 „

Alter course together two points to starboard

Report if battlefleet are seen altering course

For C.-in-C. Weather report. Imming-
ham, Rosyth, Shotley respectively, based
on observations at 6 a.m. Wind S.W.
moderate (b. 3 or 4), dull (mainly c. and
c), bar. 30.02. Wind West moderate
(b. 3 or 4), fair generally (mainly be. and
c), 29.70. Weatner report based on
observations at 7 a.m., bar. 30. 22,
stationary, temperature 61, wind S.W.
light.

0500

0801

0855
0915

0725

APrKNDIX II.

501

From

Sys-
tern.

Message.

t Time
I of
jOrigin.

1 JUNE -covt.
8. lOa.ni. AtlniiraltN

Captain S.,
!Mai(lsttiii(
10 — CotuDiodore F. Deatroyein

8.10 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 1st H.C

..S.

Sem.

8.12 —

S.O. B.C.F.-

S.O. 2ml B.C

.S.

Sem.

8.12 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

Ith L.C.S.

Flag.

8.14 —

Captain Dl.'J-

S.O. B.C.F.

W/T

8.15 —

Benljow

—

8.1.3 —

Benbow

C.-in-C,

Flags

8.16 —

Biarritz

Lowestoft

W/T

8.17 —

Princess

Royal

Lion

Sem.

8.20 —

Admiralty -

Captain S.,
Maidstone.

W/T

8 20-

Warspite

S.O. 5th B.S.- W/T

8.20- Badger

S.O. B.C.F.

8.22— S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S

I
8.2.3

8.24 —

C.-in-C,
C.-in-C.

Marksman,
S.O. B.C.F.

Dublin -

W/T Recall Firedrake and her group of Sub- 0810

marines.
Flags Alter course in succession to E.N.E. ■ —

Can you throw any light as to destrnction 0809

of Queen Alary f Reply : It appeared

to be an explosion in Queen Mary's

magazine due to a salvo hitting.
Can you throw any tight as to the cause ' 0810

of destruction <f Indefatigable ? Reply :

Salvo struck- her aft and apparently

explvsicn reached magazine.
Zigzag 1\ points. First turn to starboard. —

Admiral intends to proceed 17^ knots.
Mv position, course and speed at 8 a.m. 0800

.56 42' N., 5' 47' E., South, 20 knots.

Request instructions.
Reply : Collect your flotilla and rejoin- 0828
Remarks : Passed a large quantity of oil

and a cork lifebuoy.
Mine in sight ■ —

A trawler has just held me up in middle 0740
ocean. Is Channel clear? Reply :
Channel is clear.
Comdr. N. to ditto. At 7.15 a.m. using 0745
Lut. 55° 26' N., Long. 6° 29^ E., obtained
intercepts 2J miles N. 82 W. Reply :
Thank you, I had similar results.
Send four fresh Svibmarines for seven-day 0820
period to same stations ofT Dutch coast
as last week. Not to be done by
wireless.
Reply: Propose to send Submarine E. 41 1008
as one of the four Submarines if not
required for mine-laj-ing.
Position Lat. 56^ 39' N., Long. T 43' E., 0610
course W., speed of advance 16 knots.
Condition : Many holes from shell fire,
several through armour and below water
line, wing engine room practically tight
with bulkhead shored, several compart-
ments full, ship on even keel, steering
from engine room.

(Passed to C.-in-C.)
Sem. Oil remaining at 8 a.m. : — Tons, i —

Badger - - - - 72

Acheron - - - - 70

Ariel - - - - - 76

Attack 60

Hydra 77

Lizard - - - - - .'56

Goshawk - - - - 74

Lapwinf. - - - - 74

Flags Alter course together two points to port - —

W/T , My position at 8.15 a.m., 55 54' N., 0800
6 10' E. What will your position be
at 8.15 a.m.?

S.L. Close - - . . . . _

502

APPENDIX n.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

1 JUNE - roiii.
8.l'5a.m. Engadiiie

8.27— S.O.UtB.C.S. Tiger ■

S.2U — Coininocfore T. General -

8.30 — Fearless - Marlborough -

8.30— C.-in-C. - Oak

8.30-
8.31 -

8.32

8.33-
8.35-

8.3.5-
8.35-
8.36-
8.37

8.40
8.40-

8.42
8.42
8.43

8.-.; 5

8.45
8.45
8.45

C.-in-C.

Commodore F.
S.O. B.C.F. -

C.-in-C.

Coniinodore F.

Duke of Edin-
burgh.

S.O. 5th B.S.

Benbow

Commodore F.

S.O. B.C.F. -

Time
; of
Origin.

— Hciuai ks : Left Warrior and proceeded - —

Scni. Can you pump out your magazine and 0S25

shell room.'i 'f Reply : No.
Flugs Alter course in nuccessioii to N. 42" E. —

>Scm. I make you to be going about 12^ knots —

over the ground. Reply : Thank you.
S.L. Turn 16 points to port. Inspect wreckage 0820
in the oil we have just passed and see
it you can get any name of ship.
Reply : Wreckage is from Destroyer Ardent 0905
A lifebuoy was picked up marked Ardent
and pieces of recognition laths were seen
floating.
Do not lose touch. I will turn round in 0830
about half-hour's time.

Flags Alter course in succession to N.E. Admiral —
intends to proceed at 22 knots.

W/T My course and speed are N. 20 knots, i)S25
position 55° 25' N., 6° 46' E., at 8.0 a.m.

\\;'T My position at 8.15 a.m., 55 54' N., 0815
6 10' E., steering N. at 17 knots. i

Oak

Destroyers

Captain D 1 3
and Nar-

borough.

S.O. 6th B.S.,
S.O. 1st B.S.,
S.0.2ndG.S.,
Revenge, all
Captains D.
Destroyers - Flags Alter course in succession to N.E. by N.,

Admiral intends to proceed at 25 knots.
S.O. 2nd C.S.- Sem. Have lost sight of battlefleet and ships of
5th B.S. They appear to have turned
slightly to port.
5th B.S. - Flags Alter course together two points to port.

Ships in column to be three cables apart.
— — Remarks : Firing reported ahead

0S30

Kempenfelt
Badger -

C.-in-C. General -

S.O. B.C.F. - (Jeneral

Marksman

Achates
C.-in-C.

C.-in-C.

Nonsuch

■ C.-in-C,
Rosyth.

S.O. 1st B.S. Marksman -

i
Agincourt - S.O. 1st B.S. ■

S.O. 2nd B.S. C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F.- Bottle Cruisers

Flags Fleet ahead, inform Opal ■ - - • \ —

S.L. Detail five Destroyers to screen 2nd 0835

Division consisting of Indomitable, New 1

Zealand and Inflexible.
Flags Reference position 8.15 a.m., 55° 54' N., j —

6 10' E.
Flags Form di\ isions in line-ahead, columns [ —

disposed abeam to port. Columns to be

two miles apart. i

W/T My position at 8.15 a.m. was 56 8' N., 0834

6 9' E.
W/T Indicdie your position. Have you seen , 0S13

anything oi Phaeton ?

W/T Warrior in tow of Engadine, send tug - 0843

S.L. Proceed and sink Sparrowhawk

Flags Attention is called to W. ...

S.L. Castor and flotilla bears from me S. 50 W. ! 0839

Flags Fleet ivill be organ ised in rapid organisation
in two Divisions. 1st Division, Lion,
Princess Royal, Tiger. 2nd Division,
Neiv Zealand, Indomitable, Inflexible.

APPENDIX II.

503

Date, I

Time of i

Despatch. I

From

Sys-
tern.

Message.

1 JUNE —t-ont. I

8.4") a.m. Commodore F. Destroyers - S.L.

8.4o — S.O. Cruisers Cruisers - Flags

8.47 — Marksman - Captain D12 - —

8.47 — Cotnmodore F. Destroyers - Flags

8.47 — Ben bow - — —

8..i2— C.-in-C. - General - Flags

8. .54— C.-in-C. - S.O. B.C.F. - W/T

8.55— \ S.O.ithL.C.S. 4th L.C.S. - Flags
8.55 — , S.O. B.C.F. - C.-in-C. - AV/T

8.56 — Commodore F. Kcmpenfelt ■ S.L.
I

8.58— C.-in-C. - S.O. 4th L.C.S. W/T

8.58— j Orion - - C.-in-C. - S.L.

9.0 — I S.O. 2nd B.S. C.-in-C. - S.L.

9.0 —

Commodore F.

nth Flotilla -

S.L.

9.0 —

S.O.SiclL.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

9.2 —

C.-in-C.

C.-in-C,
Rosyth.

W/T

9.5 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

9.5 —
9.5 —

S.O. Cruisers
Commodore F.

Cruisers

nth Flotilla -

Flags
S.L.

9.6 —

Shannon

S.0.2nd C.S. -

Sem.

9.8 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

Flags

9.10 —

Gloucester

S.O. 3rd L.C.S.

F.L.

9.10 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruiser

Flags

9.12 —

Hampshire -

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

Sem.

9. 1 5 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

■5th Subdivision

Flags

9.15 —
9.15-

NottingJiam,

Birminqham.
S.0.2nclL.C.S.

S.O. 2nd L.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

S.L.
and
W7T

Screen In accordance ivith A'o. 9 dlaxjram.

1st Division, A, B, C, D. 2nd Division,

E, F, a, H.
Alter course together two points to port

3^-in. wire parted at 7 knots. Have no

wire left, neither has she.
Alter course in succession to S.S. W.

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots.
Remarks : Sighted our Destroyers off

starboard Ijow.

Alter course leading ships together rest

in succession to S.S.W.
Dublin is with me. Cruiser she sighted

was not disabled.

Alter course together to S.S. IT. -
My position 8.15 a.m. was Lat. 55 29' N.,
Long. 6 44' E., steering N. at 20 knots.

Sjjread De-stroyers (iJonfi the. front

Priority. Course S.S.W.

Have just passed considerable wreckage
and floating bodies, apparently foreigners.

At 7 a.m. just before altering course we
passed a quantity of empty cyhnders
painted grey and floating high, also
wreckage not of English origin, and
some oil. At 8.45 a.m. passed a Carley
life-raft, mess stools and broken timber,
all obviously English.

Destroyers on the port side of Castor form
single line-abreast.

Is .speed 18 or 20 knots? Reply : 20
knots.

Priority. Please send local T.B.Ds. to
screen Warspite. Position 6 a.m. 56
39' N., 1 40' E., course W., 16 knots.

Admiral intends to proceed at 1 7 knots

Reform -------

Extend your distance from the Admiral

Light Criiisers W., steering S. -

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

Narborough, Pelican, Nerissa port bow

(Repeated to S.O. B.C.F.)
Alter course in succession to S.W. by W. -

Can no longer see battlefleet ...

Alter course in succession to N.

Sound of firing East a long way off -

Priority. Birmingham reports have heard
reports of guns from the East a long
way off.
(Received in Iron Duke 9.31 a.m.)

Time

of
Grig! n.

0837

0850

0855

0827
0852

0900
0902

0905

OS 56

0905
0915

504

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of
Despatch

1 JUNE ,—cont.
9.15 A.m. Co7n)nodo>e T. let Division Sem
and Lookout. '

9.16— \S.0.5thB.S.
9.16 — Fearless

5th B.S. ■ Flags

Marlborough - Sem.

9.17— DubUn - C.-in-C. - S.L.

9.17— Admiralty - C.-in-C. - i W/T

9.20— S.O.B.C.F. S.0.2ndB.C.S. S.L.

9.20 — [Achates

9.20

9.21

9.23-

9.2;}-

9.2,j

9.:io

!t.:U .
9.. '13
9.34
9.35-
9.35-

Comniodore F.

9.20— ! S.O. 5th B.S. 5th B.S.

S.O. B.C.F. - t Badger -

Narborough- Canterbury - Sem.

S.O. Cruisers Cruisers

R.A. Scapa Aberdeen
Marlborough —

Benbow - j —

Faulknor - S.O. 1st B.S.

S.O. B.C.F. - I Badger

Badger - S.O. B.C.F.

Colossus - —

S.0.2ndL.C.S. S.O. B.C.F.

Captain D12 I Marksman

C.-in-C. - General

W/T

Flags
S.L.

Flags
S.L.
W/T

Sem.
S.L.

Flags
W/T

Proceed to escort Marlborough whose posi-
tion at 8.30 a.m. was 54" 41' N., 5" 10'
E. She is making for M channel,
destination Rosyth, speed 14 knots. Our
8.30 position was 52" 40' N., 3 2' E.
Get into communication with Marlborough
as soon as possible. Three of our Sub-
marines are stationed South of Area 1.

Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots

I make out you are steering about 5° to
the Southward of the signalled course.
You appeared to do that during the
night as well as when you were steering
South.

At 6 a.m. I picked up from the water one
stoker, a survivor from Tipperary.

At 6.20 Enemy Submarines ordered to
close Elbing, position now given Lat.
65 51' N., Long. 5 55' E.

Can you give me the exact position of
wreck of Indefatigable and time af
explosion ? Reply : 4 p.m., Lat. 56"
49' N., Long. 5 32' E.

Am searching for Porpoise who is in need
of assistance, position 5 a.m. 56° 50' N.,
4° 20' E., course W., 10 knots.

Alter course in succession to S.W. -

Six Destroyers went to screen 2nd Division

when five should only have gone.
Reply : Christopher went without orders.

I have already recalled her and stationed

her at B in JG 3.
Am I to join Battle Cruiser Squadron

now? If so, are they astern of you?
Reply : East magnetic 15 miles from vis

now.
Alter course in succession to S.S.W.

0915

0915
0917

0915

0900

0905

0922

0845

For C.-in-C. from Campania. Ready to
proceed. Request instructions.

Remarks: Sighted two Submarmes three —
points on the starboard bow. i

Remarks : Submarine sighted starboard —
beam of Royal Oak.

Can Obedient take men which tug is picking —
up from raft? Reply : Yes.

1st Flotilla of Destroyers are to be sent 0915
home two or three at a time when fuel
remaining is only sufficient to reach
Rosyth at 15 knots. Report times of
parting company beforehand.

Attention is drawn to N. by W. - - —

Remarks : Observed track of oil appar- j —
ently track of toi-pedo on port bow.

My position at 9.25 a.m. Lat. 55° 44' N., I 0930
Long. 6° 41' E. \

My course N., speed 20 knots - - - I 0925

Flags Alter course together four points to
starboard.

APPENDIX II.

505

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

IJUNE

— cont.

9.36 a.m.

Warspite

—

Remarks : Two torpedoes ]>assed ship

—

9.35 —

S.0.3rdL.C.S.

1st L.C.S.

S.L.

My speed is 20 knots ....

0935

9.35 —

S.O. B.C.F..

Battle Cruisers

Flags

Indicate amount of ammunition unexpended
of heaviest gun in armatnent ? Reply :
Lion, 132 common, 132 lyddite 50 A.F.,
this does not include Q turret. Princess
Royal 600, Tiger 420, New Zealand 420,
Indomitable 710, Inflexible 750.

9.36 —

Admiralty -

S.O. 3rd B.S.-

W/T

3rd B.S. and 3rd C.S. return to harbour
and revert to usual notice.

0936

9.40 —

Barham

—

Remarks : Sighted B.C.F. bearing S.E. -

—

9.40 —

Nonsuch

Captain D4,
11, 12.

W/T

/ am escorting Acasta. to Aberdeen at 10
knots. She is badly damaged.

(Received in Iron Duke 9.45 a.m.)

0840

9.42 —

S.N.O. Har-
wich.

Admiralty

L/T

Hornet, Hind, Druid, Sandfly, Ferret,
Beaver, Matchless, Mastiff, arrived.

—

9.42 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

Alter course leading ships together the
rest in succession to W.S.W.

—

9.4.3 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots -

—

9.43 —

C.-in-C.

Destroyers

Flags

Form Submarine screen ahead when fleet
alters course to N. by W. Pass between
lines if necessary.

—

9.45 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

C.-in-C.

S.L.

Our Battle Cruisers bearing South

—

9.45 —

S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. .5th B.S.

S.L.

What course are you steering ? Is C.-in-C.
in company ; what is his bearing?
Reply : Course S.S.W., C.-in-C. bearing
W. three miles, speed 16 knots.

9.45 —

Garland

Achates -

W/T

My 9 a.m. position 56-^ 2S' N., 2" 4' E.
Indicate Porpoise's position.

0905

9.45 —

Lion

—

Remarks : Battlefleet in sight on port bow

—

9.4G —

C.-in-C.

General -

Flags

Alter course together four points to port

—

9.48 —

S.O.ithL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together eight points to star-
board.

—

9.51 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

Order of 2nd L.C.S., Birmingham, South-
ampton, Nottingham, from E. to W.

0945

9.52 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together three points to port

—

9.53 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

C.-in-C. -

W/T

Faulknor, Obedient and Marvel are in
company. Marksman destroyed and sank
Sparrowhawk. Obedient picked up sur-
vivors from raft.

[Received in Iron Duke 10.50 a.m.)

0932

9.55 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Alter course leading ships together
rest in succession to S.S.W. Admiral
intends to prorood at 15 knots.

9.55 —

C.-in-C.

Dublin -

S.L.

Join Battle Cruiser fleet bearing South
from Barham, steering North, 20 knots.

0945

9.56 —

S.O. B.C.F.

Princess Royal

Sem.

Can left gun breech of A be repaired ?

0955

9.56 —

Captain D12

Marksman

W/T

My course N., speed 20 knots -

0925

S.O. 2nd C.S. Owl

S.L. What was it? 0954

Reply : Capsized torpedo craft with red 0956
lifebuoys. ,

506

APPENDIX 11.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

?em' ' Message.

Time

of
Origin.

1 JUNE
9.57 a.m.

Captain D13

Mark-inian

W/T

My course and speed are North 20 knots -

0935

9.58 —

S.0.3idL.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

Gloucester reports Narborough, Pelican 0913
and Nerissa in sight.

9.58 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together five points to port • —

9.59 —

S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. 1st, 2nd
and.SrdL.C.S.

W/T

Alter course leading ships together rest —
in succession to N. by W.

lo.u —

S.O. B.C.F.

Destroyers

S.L.

Take up position as Submarine screen —
when course is altered to N. by W.

10.0 —

C.-in-C.

General -

Fla-s

Alter course leading ships together rest

—

10 1
10.1

10.2
10.5
10.6
10.7
10.7
10.7

10.8 -
10.10-
10.10-
10.10

10.10
10.10
10.10

C.-in-C. - Dublin - - S.L.
S.O.B.C.F. C.-in-C. - : W/T

C.-in-C. - S.0.4th L.C.S.

S.0.3rdL.C.S.\ 3rd L.C.S. -
S.O.dthL.C.S. I 4th L.C.S. -
Obedioit - Captain D12 -
S.O. B.C.F. Ceneral
C-in-C. - S.O.B.C.F.

W/T
S.L.
Flags
S.L.
Flags
W/T

S.O. B.C.F. 13th Flotilla - Flags

S.O. Cruisers Cruisers - ! Flags

C.-in-C. - Light Cruisers S.L.

CommodoreT. Marlborough - W;T

S.O.SrdL.C.S. Yarmouth - S.L.

S.O. B.C.F. : Narborough - Sem.

Minion - Castor - - S.L.

in succession to N. by W.

Have lost touch with Phaeton who is the

other side of battlefleet.
Reply : Steer N. by E. to regain touch.

Rppjy from Inconstant : I am doing so.

The Battle Cruisers are steering S.

Position oJ wreck of Queen Mary very
approximate 56 44' N., 5 49' E.,
wreck of Invincible 57 7' N., 6 25' E.,
wreck of Indefatigable 56 49' N.,
5 32' E.

I intend to steer N. by W. at 10 a.m.

Alter course in succession to N. by W.
Alter course together 16 points to port
Am steering N. 30 knots . . . -

Alter course leading ships together the
rest in succession to N. by W.

Consider light cruiser must have been
sunk. I want to ascertain if all dis-
abled ships are on the way. Where
are New Zealand and Indefatigable?
Are all your Light Cruisers and (De-
stroyers?) accounted for? Sweep up
to Lat. 57 30' N., Long. 5 45' E. on
your present line. I will prolong sweep
to westward to ensure no disabled ships
being there."

Close the Adniiral - . . - -

1 Alter course in succession to N.
My course is N. by W. -

Laforey and three Destroyers are coming
to you. Give Laforey your position,
couise and speed on D wave.

/ am steering N. by E. to regain touch

Where are the rest of 13th Flotilla?
Please give me your position

1000
0956

0947

0907

lOUOi

100 7
10081

Date,

Time of

Despatch

1 JUNE —cont.

10.12 a.m. S.0.2ndL.C.S.

APPENDIX II.

Sys-
tem.

Message.

507

Time
I of
jOrigin.

10.12 —

CommodoreF.

S.O. 2ii(l li.S.

Sem.

10.12 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

Ith L.C.S.

Flags

10.13 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

Flags

10.15 —

S.O. 2ncl C.S.

Mischief ,Midge

W/T

10.17 —

Warspite

C.-in-C.,Rosyth

W/T

10.20 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

10.20 —

R.A. Inver-
goidon.

R.A. Scapa -

W/T

10.21 —

C.-in-C.

Nonsuch

W/T

10.23 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cru isers

Flags

10.23 —

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th Subdivision

Flags

10.24 —

Agiyicourt

S.O. 1st B.S. -

Flags

10.25 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

10.25 —

Castor -

—

10.27 —

S.O.lstL.C.S.

S.0.3rd L.C.S.

S.L.

10.27 —

Inconstant

S.0.3rd L.C.S.

S.L.

10.27 —

S.O. B.C.F.

Badger -

S.L.

10.27 -

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th Subdivision

Flagg

10.27 —

C.-in-C.

C.-in-C.Rosyth

A\'/T

10 29 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

3rd L.C.S.

Flags

10.30 —

C.-in-C.

General -

Flags

10.30 —

Captain D12

Marksman

Flags

10.30 —

S.0.3i<lL.C.S.

Cordelia and
Galatea.

S.L.

10..30 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

C.-in-C.

W/T

10.30 —

S.O. B.C.F.

Badger -

S.L.

Take station West two miles oj Nottingham

Please give nie your reference position
Reply : 10 a.m. .')5 50' N., 5 55' E.

Alter course together to N. by W. Ships to
reform on Comus.

Alter course in succession to y. by W.

If you pass a Destroyer boltojn up endea-
xonv to sink her.

Two torpedoes missed Warspite in posi-
tion ~M 31' X., 0 40' W. Warspite
returning to Rosyth with no escort.
Zigzag \\ points. First turn to port,
conforming with icing >:hips.

For C.-in-C. Albion III in charge of two
tugs has orders to leave Peterhead and
proceed to assistance oJ: Warrior.

What is your position, couise and speed ?

Reply : Tailing Acasta in tow. Noon posi-
tion 57^ 16' N., 4 8' E., course W. I N.,
probable speed six knots.

Admiral intends to proceed at IS knots
Alter course together 16 points to port
Attention is called to E. by S. -
Admiral intends to proceed at 10 knots
Remarks : Buried dead - - - -

Can do 24 knots . . . . -

Am in touch with Cordelia and steering
N. by W.

Can you account for all 1st Flotilla?

Reply : Yes, except for Defender, who,
I think, was struck by fragment of
shell yesterday afternoon, and Fearless,
who, I think, failed to keep up. Both
dropped astern.

Alter course together 16 points to port

Warrior in tow of Engadine comoletely
disabled, 57 18' N., 3 54' E., W N W .
7 knots.

Alter course in succession to X. by W.

The hands are to be stationed at action

stations constantly throughout the day.

C7o.se .--.-.-

What are Battle Criu'sers doing? I have
eased to 17 knots. Reply: They are
five miles East of Galatea, steering
N. by W.

Destroyer bottom up in 56 8' N., 6 12' E.

First two Destroyers can return to their
base. Tell Kith Flotilla Destroyers to
take their place.

1015
0935

0955

1002
1150

1035
1140

0855

1030

1021

1025

508

APPENDIX IT.

Dat^, ,
Time of
Despatch.

From

1 JUNE ~r<ml.

i().:u a.m. Blanche

C.-in'-C.

Captain Dl:} S.O. IJ.C.F.

R.A. Swai- .Vdmiralty

backs Minn.

C.-in-C. Engadine

S.0.3rdL.C.S. S.O. B.C.F.

S.0.2ndL.C.S. S.O. B.C.F.

Marlborough C.-in-C.

S.0.2ndL.C.S. Dublin -

S.O.lstL.C.S. I IstL.C.S.
S.O. 5th B.S. I 5th B.S.

Warspite - —

S.O. Cruisers Cruisers

Sys-
tem.

S.L.

W/T

L/T
W/T
S.L.
S.L.

W/T
S.L.

Admiralty -

Captain S.
Maidstone.

W/T

C.-in-C.

S.O. 1st B.S.,
S.0.4thL.C.S.,
S.O. 2nd C.S.

W/T

Inconstant -

—

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

Flags

Fearless

Laforey -

S.L.

Dublin

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

W/T

S.O. 5th B.S. ; Active - - S.L.

S.O. 2nd C.S. Hardy and S.L.

Mischief,

C.-in-C. - S.O. B.C.F. - W/T

S.O. B.C.F. Captain D1.3 - W/T

S.L.

Flajjs

Flags

: Time

1 of
{Origin.

Three ships accompanied by T.B.Ds.

bearing S. by E., steering N., apparently

Revenge's division.
My position, course and speed 10. Lj a.m.

.50 .5' N., 6 24' E., N. by W., at 20 knots.

Obdurate, Moresby, Mtenad in company.
Donegal and King Orry sailed

Priority. What is the position of Enga-
dine and Warrior now?

Shall we keep to Westward of battlefleet?

Reply : No. To the Eastward.
Dublin is stationed West of Nottingham

54 43' N., 4" 57' E., tvpo Enemy Sub-
marines on the surface aftervirards dived.

What became of Cruiser and two Destroyers
reported in your 0430 '/ Reply : The
Gennan Artnoured Cruiser Roon with at
least two Destroyers and possibly another
Cruiser was seen by myself steering South,
but were lost in the fog.

Retain E. 41. Send three Submarines now
and a fourth W'hen available.

My position at 10 a.m. Lat. 55 50' N.,
Long. 5 57' E., steering N. by W< at
17 knots. Join me.

Remarks : Galatea rejoined 1st L.C.S.

Alter course together one point to port

Indicate your position Fearless in company
with Marlborough.

At 6 a.m. this morning nine men resetted
from the water. One survivor of Tip-
perary. I also found Sparrowhawk badly
damaged. Efforts were made by the
Marksman to toxv her, but she was even-
tually sunk.

Take station on starboard bow and zigzag

Examine trawler and turn her away from
course of fleet.

HovF many Destroyers have you in com-
pany?

Reply : Eight of 1st Destroyer Flotilla,
Christopher, Ophelia and three of 13th
Flotilla, making 13 boats. Am sending
1st Destroyer Flotilla base for necessary
fuel as they are getting short. 9th Flo-
tilla has returned to fuel. I am short
of Fearless and Defender of 1st Destroyer
Flotilla. Have asked Captain D13 for
account of his flotilla.

Can you account for all your flotilla?

Narborough, Nerissa and Pelican are

with me. Reply : No.
Spread in order of fleet numbers
Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

Remarks : Fired at periscope bearing

175 Red, two rounds 6-in.
Reform -------

APPENDIX II,

609

Date,

Time of

Df^s patch

1 JUNE

10. -55 a.m

10.55

10.59

cont.
IS.O.lstL.C.S.

S.O. 2nd C.S.
Marlborough

S.O. 3rd L.C.S. S.L.

Destroyers

Fearless,
Laforey.

11.0 — \ Captain D 12 Marksman

Flags

W/T

Sem.

11.0

Marksman - S.O. 1st B.S.

S.L.

S.O. 1st B.S. Marksman

11.2

11.4

S.O. Cruisers Cruisers

C.-in-C.

11.5 — ! C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Sem.

11.5
11.6
11.7
11.7
11.7
11.8

S.O. B.C.F. General
S.O. 5th B.S. I .5th B.S.
S.0.4thL.C.S. 4th L.C.S. -
C.-in-C. - S.O. 2nd C.S.
S.O. Cruisers : Cruisers
C.-in-C. - ; General

Flags

W/T

S.L.

Battle Cruisers are steering N. by W., last 1050
speed given 15 knots. 1st L.C.S. spread
West and East in order of fleet numbers.

Recall --..-..

My position, course and speed at 10.30 a.m., 1043
54" 35' N., 5 13' E., course S.W. by W.,
13 knots. Two Enemy Submarines
54" 43' N., 4 38' E., at 10 a.m.

Did you and 2nd Division attack Enemy —
battlefleet after me this morning ? If so, I
with what results ? Reply : My attack \
was spoilt by 12th Flotilla corning dovm, j
in the middle of .second half. In avoiding
them I lost second half, so do not know I
whether they attacked. Enemy then
apparently turned away.

Following surviAors now on board Marks- 1030
man. Ardent, Lieut. Comdr. Marsden ;
Sparrowhawk, all officers and 51 ratings ;
Fortvme, Artificer Engineer Barnes ;
Tipperary, Sub. -Lieut. Poulett and
22 ratings (all other Officers including
Captain D4 appear to have been lost).
Broke, two ratings. About 30 ratings
of Sparrowhawk jumped on board Broke
last night.

{Passed to C.-in-C. 7 a.m. June 2nd).

Your 1030. Can you ascertain any further 1120
details as to how these Destroyers were
lost? Has Broke and all her crew been
lost also? ■

Reply : I am not sure about Broke, she
was badly hit and collided with Sparrow- I
hawk. These losses took place in an
attack on Enemy's Battle-Cruisers
during first watch. Several torpedoes
are believed to have hit.

Alter course in succession to N. by W.

When did Queen Mary and Indefatigable 1104

go?
Reply : Indefatigable sank 4 p.m., Queen 1227

Mary, 4.30 p.m.

Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots.
Form single line-abreast to port, ships
in column to be two miles apart. Take
station ahead of Admiral six miles.

Flags Alter course in succession to N.N.IC.
Adnxiral intends to proceed at 18 knots.
Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots

Flags
Flags
S.L.

Alter course together to N. W. Reform on

Comus.
My course and speed are N.W., 17 knots

Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots

i
Flags Alter course leading ships together
' rest in succession to N.W.

510

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of
Despatcl

1 JUNE -cunt.
11.8 a.m. C.-in-C.

11.9
11.9
11.10
11.10

C.-in-C.
S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. B.C.F.

-Marlborough

Cyclops Hot
Admiralty).

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 1st, 2nd
and 3rd L.C.S.
(ieneral

11.12 — S.O. Cruisers Cruisers

11.12
11.1.5

11.15

11.20 —
11.20 —

S.O. 3rd L.C.S. Light Cruisers
Badger - S.O. B.C.F. -

S.0.4thL.C.S. 4th L.C.S.

C.-in-C.

Sys-
tem.

W 1"

Message.

Priority. Harwich force not required
except for Destroyers to screen Marl-
borough. Weather very misty. Am
ascertaining no disabled ships are left
and returning to base. Whole area
swept for disabled Enemy Cruisers with-
out result.
\\','l' Avoid position of mines

W/T Alter course in succession to N.N.K.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots.
Flags The hands are to be stationed at action

stations constantly throughout the day.
— Remarks : Track of torpedo passed

Marlborugh on port beam 20 to 30 yards

from astern.
Flags Alter course in succession to N.W.

S.L.
S.L.

Flags

Commodore F. W/T

11.20 —

Warspite

C.-in-C, Rosyth

W/T

11.20 —
(reed.)

C.-in-C.

S.O.B.CF.

W,T

11.22 —

C.-in-C,
Rosyth.

Warspite

W/T

11.25 —

Commodore F.

Captain D12and
Broke.

WIT

11.

Malaya

S.O. 5th B.S. Sem.

Zigzag. Speed of advance 15 knots -
Am sending Lizard and Attack now.
Propose to send remaining Destroyers
as follows : Acheron and (Joshawk at
4 p.m., Badger and Lapwing at 5 p.m.,
Ariel and Hydra at 6 p.m.
Indicate amount of oil fuel remaining on
board. Replies : —

Signal names of Destroyers missing from

4th, 11th, 12th Flotilla.
Reply. : 11th and 12th Flotilla. None

missing. Ambuscade reports Tipperary

and Fortune blown up. Whereabouts of

remainder of 4th Flotilla uncertain.

Ambuscade in company with me.
Gun range Inchkeith at 2 p.m.. outer

gate 2.40, inner gate 3.0.
Avoid position of wrecks with heavy ships

unless you are certain that they were

not mined.
Two Destroyers of local flotilla being sent

now. Three Destroyers of sea -going

flotillas proceeding to you as soon as

possible.
Report names of Destroyers that ca^mot be

accounted for from your flotillas. A7n-

biiscade is xvith me.
Reply from Captain D12 : Can account

for all who were with me but do not

ktww u'hereabouts of Mischief, who was

ivith Cruisers.
For information. The base plug of one

shell which came from one of Enemy^s

Battleships is 9 -in. in diameter. It would

therefore appear that one of them is armed

with guns larger than 12-in.

Calliope
Constance

- 75
63

per cent.

Comus

- 69

Royalist
Caroline

- 69

- 65

Zigzag one point.

First t

urn to port

APPEMDIX II.

511

JUNE \—co)it.
.iT) a.m. C.-in-C

S.O.B.C.F.

Warspite - —

• iv-^ - 1 S.O. 1st B.S. C.-in-C.

..■5(» — ; Admiralty - All Shipa

:50— ! S.O. 1st B.S. : Obedient

W/T

W/T
S.L.

S.O. 1st B.S. Obedient

Sem.

Birmingham S.0.2nd L.C.S. S.L.

CommodoreF. Boadicea - S.L.

Owl - - S.O. 2nd C.S. Flags

S.O.B.C.F. Captain D13- W/T

C.-in-C. - S.O. 2nd C.S. S.L.

S.O. B.C.F. S.0.2ndL.C.S. S.L.

C.-in-C. S.O. 3rd L.C.S. S.L.

New Zealand —

Marlborough ! Fearless

Sem.

C.-in-C.

S.O. 1st B.S. I W/T

Message.

Your 0956. Was cause oi sinking mines,
torpedoes or gunfie? At what time
did Queen Mary and Indefatigable go?

Remarks : Opened tire four louncls at
Submarine.

Have you turned South at all
leaving 0810 rendezvous?

Reply : Yes.

Owing to mines near Sunk L.V. passage
is closed till swept.

How many svirvivors have you and where
from?

Reply : Rescued men were German
bluejackets. They have been taken on
board Dutch steamer Texel. Captain
informed me that his Government
would object to their removal on
grounds of neutrality. I did not con-
sider myself justified in removing them
b}^ force.

Do you know what ship the German
bluejackets belonged? Reply : Boarding
officer found the men in an exhausted
state and apparently unable to under-
stand English. They had both lost
their caps and most of their uniform,
consequently name of their ship could
not be ascertained, but judging by
the size of the raft she must have been
at least a Light Cruiser.

Did you hear anyone firing in your direc-
tion ? Reply : Southampton fired at a
mine.

Can you tell me number of Enemy's ships
sunk? Reply : No, have heard nothing.

Permission is requested to let fires die
out in boilers not required for 20 knots.
Reply : Approved.

My position at ILIO a.m. was Lat.
56^ 12' N., Long. 5° 57' E., steering
N.N.E. at 18 knots.

Do you know anything of Duke of Edin-
burgh and Black Prince?

Reply : Duke of Edinburgh is with me.
I know nothing of Black Prince.

What was gunfire? Reply : Floating
mine.

B.C.F. last seen on my starboard beam.
Has Chester been with you ? Reply :
Passed Chester this morning taking
wounded to the Humber.

Remarks : Passed derelict on starboard
beam.

Please let me know at 12.30 p.m. what
course I am steering. I have increased
my speed one knot.

Reply : I make vou to be steering
S. 85 W.

Priority. Give position 56 49' N.,
5 32' E., a wide berth of 20 miles.

Reply : I have already passed this posi-
tion and I am now 10 miles E.N.E. of it.

Time

of
Origin.

since 1108

I 1201
1130

1135
lUO

1217

i 1130

1120

1130
1135
1130
1130

1235
1124
1150

512

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

1 JUNE 1

— -out.

1 1.4n a.m.'

Warspite

—

Remarks : Sighted periscope right ahead

—

11.4(1 -

S.O. B.C.F. -

Pelican -

S.L.

What is wreck? Reply : It is a bow of
a British Destroyer.

—

11.44 —

Marlborough -

C.-in-C.

W/T

54 23' N., 5 7' E., Enemy Submarine
fired torpedo at Marlborough, torpedo
passed astern. My course is W., speed
13 knots. '

1101

11.45 —

Fearless

Marlborough -

W/T

Laforey to Fearless. Position at 11.30
a.m. 53 49' N., 3" 36' E., course N.
22 E., speed 25 knots.

1130

11.45 —

Canterbury -

C.-in-C.

S.L.

I separated itom 3rd B.C.S. after engaging
Enemy's Battle Cruisers last night and
joined 3rd L.C.S.

1140

11.47 —

C.-in-C,
Rosyth.

Warspite

W/T

Where do j-ou wish tugs to meet you?

You can proceed straight into dock.
Reply : To the West of Beamer Rock -

1107
1200

11.50 —

S.OAthL.C.S.

4th L.C.S.

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots -

—

11.50 —

C.-in-C.
Rosyth.

Warspite

W/T

All arrangements have been made for
your ships to enter as requested and
defences have been warned.

1133

11.51 —

Canterbury -

Hellona -

S.L.

It's all right, boys. One shot through
us aft and one through our Union Jack.

1150

11.55 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

C.-in-C.

Captain D 12 reports that 12th Flotilla
attacked the Enemy's Battle Fleet,
6 Kaiser class and 3 Cruisers at 2 a.m.
1 Battleship blown up.

1130

11.56 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

Dublin -

S.L.

,Where is 3rd L.C.S. ? Reply : I have not
seen them.

1155

11.5(3 —

Duke of Edin-
burgh.

General

Flags

Mine in sight, port quarter

—

11.58 —

Boadicea

Commodore F.

S.L.

Have you any news to give me, please?
Who were yovi fighting? Reply : I
took on three German Cruisers last
night but was very badly mauled.

12.0 noon

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th Division -

Sem.

Ships of 4th B.S. are to report by sema-
phore ivhether they received any hits or

1200

suffered any casualties yesterday Wednes-

day. Replies : Benboiv nil, Temeraire

nil, Vanguard nil, Bellerophon nil.

1,2.0 —

Warspite

—

Remarks : Two Destroyers sighted -

—

12.. 3 p.m.

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

3rd L.C.S. -

S.L.

Alter course in succession to N.N. W.

—

12.5 —

Hercules

S.O. \st B.S. '

Sem.

I cannot keep up this speed much longer.
It is practically my full speed and does
not admit of cleaning fires. A reduction
of one knot would be a very great help.

1155

12.5 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

S.O. 1st L.C.S.

j S.L.

I am steering N.N.W. which takes meJlO
miles W. of westernmost wreck.

1200

12.5 —

Warspite

Destroyers

S.L.

Proceeding at 25 knots - - - -

—

12.7 —

Aberdeen

R.A. Scapa •

W,T

For C.-in-C. from Rosyth. Steamer
entering reports two torpedoes fired at
her at 9.35 a.m. in 56 31' N., 0 41' W.

1151

12.10 —

Foxhound -

Lizard -

' W/T

My position 56 04' N., 6 02' E., course
N. 74 IF., 1.5 knots.

1200

12.10 —

Warspite

Destroyers

Flags

Proceed at 23 knots

12.12 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

' W/T
! and
1 Flags

Alter course leading ships together the
rest in siiccession to N.E.

1210

APPENDIX II.

513

Date,
Time of I From

Despatch.'

1 JUNE —cant.

12. i:5i).m. Fearless Marlborough- W/T

Message.

( )vvl

Hardy

S.O. 2nd C.S.- S.L.

>.0.1stB.S.

5th Subdivision

Flags

C.-in-C.

General -

Flags

Warspite

Destroyers

Flags

R.A. 2ndB.S.

2nd Division -

Flags

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

C.-in-C. via
Engadine.

Warspite

Warrior

W/T

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

3rd L.C.S. -

S.L.

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

Flags

Warspite
Valiant

T.Bs. 24, 26, 28

and 35.
S.O. 5th B.S.-

Flags
Sem.

S.O. B.C.F. - Light Cruisers S.L.

S.0.2ndB.S. 1st Division - \ Flags
S.O. Crtiisers Cruisers I Flags

S.O. B.C.F.- Battle Cruisers Flags

I and
1 S.L.

12.34: — Hardy - S.O. 2nd C.S. S.L.

12.3i— S.O. Ist L.C.S. S.O. B.C.F. - S.L.

Time

of
Origin.

1108

1200

1210

Laforey to Marlborough. Noon position

53 50' N., 3' 54' E., course N. 52" K.,

speed 28 knots.
The maximum speed at which Hardy can

reach Northern base is 15 knots, the

remainder 17.
Submit I have only sufficient oil fuel for

15 knots leaving a very small margin

for safety.
Alter course in succession to N. W. A dniirnl

intends to proceed at I'J knots.

Guides to bear W.S.W. from Guide oJ
fleet.

Alter course in succession to W.S.W.

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots - —
Admiral intends to proceed at 14 knots - —
Admiral intends to 2yroceed at 10 knots - —

Two tugs under Yacht Albion are leaving 1203

Peterhead to assist you.
Remarks : Sighted four Destroyers port —

bow.
I am steering N.N.W. to clear dangerous 1225

area.
Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots j —

i
Zigzag two points - - - - | —

I am informed by Officer in foretop that 1135
when you altered course at V.27, having
sighted a Submarine, that he saw the
Submarine quite clearly and that you \
seemed to pass very close to its position, I
and that although we were in a big oily
patch at the time a big circle of oil of quite
a different appearance was seen after you
had passed over what we consider to he
Submarine position.

Look out to give positions 56° 44' N., 1219
5" 49' E., 57° 7' N., 6 25' E., 56" 49' N.,
5° 32' E. a wide berth.

Admiral intends to proceed at 1 7 knots -

Spread for look-out duties in the sequence
in which ships noiv are, two miles apart
bearing S. IF.

Indicate noon positions : —
Lion - - 56" 24' N.

Princess Royal - 56" 22' N.
Tiger - - 56°20'N.

Indomitable - 56" 17' N.
Inflexible ■ - 56' 50' N.

Netv Zealand - 56 21' X.

Permission to reduce to 15 knots, i 1231
Reply : Approved. Keep a good look I
out on W/T.

Have just passed several bodies in life- j 1220
belts, as far as can be seen German. [
The belts are not recognised. Two blue
and white pear-shaped mines just passed.

6 5' E.
6 5' E.
6 20' E.
6 31' E.
6" 15' E.
6 19' E.
knots.

514

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Tiino of

1 )(.'spatch.

1 JUNE

\.l.:i') p.m.

{■2.35 —

12.40 —
1 L'.40 —
12.40 —
12.40--

12.40 —

12.41 —
12.41 —
12.45 —
12.45 —
12.47 —
12.47 —

12.49 —

12.50 —

12.50 —
1 2.50 —

From

C.-in-C.

Mariborough-

Cotnmodore T.
S.OAthL.C.S.
Warspite
C.-in-C.
S.0.2nd C.S.-

Sys-
tem.

Message.

; Time
lOiigiii.

General Flags

Fearless - W/T

General
4th L.C.S.

Flags
Flags

T.Bs. 24. 26, Flags

28, 35.
General - Flags

S.L.
C.-in-C. - «.L.

12.40— S.O. B.C.F.- B.C.F.

Warspite
S.O. B.C.F. -
S.O. 5th B.S.
Warspite
S.O. 2nd C.S.
S.O. 1st B.S.
Inchkeith

C.-in-C.

S.().2ndB.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 2nd C.S.
S.O.B.C.F

T.Bs. 24, 20,

28 and 35.
Greneral

5th B.S.

S.L.
and
Sem.

Flags

S.L.

Flags
Flags

T.Bs. 24, 26,

28 and 35.
Mischief

Flags
S.L.
5th Subdivision Flags

W/T

Negro, Phoenix
8th Flotilla
and Nepean.

R.A. Inver- -
gordon.

W/T

S.O. B.C.F. - S.L.

Badger

Midge

C.-in-C.

S.L.

W,T

Columns to be six cables apart

Pass to Laforey. My position, course
and speed at noon 54' 25' N., 4' 52' E.,
course W., speed 14 knots.

Alter course in succession to N. 24 E.

Admiral intends to 2>roceed at 17 knots

Proceed at 21 knots ....

Reference position at noon, 56 20' N.,
5 25' E.

Three of escort Destroyers can just reach
northern base at maximum speed 17
knots, Hardy only at 15 knots. Request
'instructions.

Make preparatio7is for burying at sea this
evening those killed in action. Time will
be signalled later.
Alter course together two pouits to port-
Reference position noon G.M.T., 56 24'

N., 6" 5' E.
Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots -

Alter course together two points to port -

Steer a steady course. Keep j\ist before

starboard beam of Minotaur.
Alter course in succession to W. by S.

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots.
Submarine on surface 32. Yes

(see 1.10 p.m. Warspite to Xepean.)

Move Cromarty and fleet-sweeping trawlers
to areas 7 and 6 respectively at once.
Important to continue search until com-
pleted.

Acheron i-eports she has j ust sufficient oil
to take her to base at 19 knots in fine
weather.

(Passed to Badger.)

Arrange accordingly, but boats should not
leave less than two in company.

Reply : Should Acheron and Goshawk
proceed to base at once? Pelican and
Nerissa have now only sufficient oil to
proceed to base at 20 knots.

Steer a steady course. Keep on star-
board beam of Minotaur.

Your 0907. New Zealand is here. Inde-
fatigable sunk 10 minutes after engaging
Enemy by shell exploding magazine
Queen Mary sunk firom same cause.
Invincible sunk, probably from same
cause, possible might have been a tor-

122.-,

1220

7^:.'

1240

1200
1249

1205

1256
1310

1148

APPENDIX II.

515

D&te,

Time of

Despatch.^

From

IJ.oI p.m.
12.52 —

12.55
12.55

S.O. 5th B.S. ; 5th B.S.
C.-in-C. S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 1st B.S.

S.O. B.C.F. C.-in-C.

S.O. 1st B.S. I C.-in-C.

C.-in-C. - ! 5th B.S.
S.O. 2nd C.S. \ Hardy -

12.56— Owl -
12.58 — ! Galatea
12.59— ! Rosyth S.S.

1.0
1.0

1.0

1.0
1.0

1.3

T.B. 25

Marlborough

S.O.BrdL.C.S.

S.O. 2nd C.S.
S.O. 2nd C.S.

C.-in-C.

Captain D13
S.O. B.C.F.
Warspite

Warspite

General

S.O. B.C.F.

Shannon
Destroyers

S.O. B.C.F.

W/T

W/T
W/T

Flags
S.L.

W/T
S.L.

W/T

Sam.

Flags

W/T

S.L.
S.L.

W/T

1.3 —

S.O.B.C.S.

C.-in-C.

W/T

1.4 —

Commodore F.

0)m1 -

W/T

1.9 —

Mai'lborough

General

Flags

1.10 —

Cotnmodore F.

Oii'l and Hard !/

S.L.

pedo. All Light Cruisers accounted
ior. Have not accounted tor all De-
stroyers yet. Nestor, Onslow, Nomad
and Turbulent missing. Damage to
Enemy consisted in all ships being
heavily hit and reduced in speed. One
Battle Cruiser was thought to blow up
as she diappeared in smoke. Another,
undoubtedly Lutzow, was in very bad
condition ; when last seen she was
closing Enemy Battle Fleet. Informa-
tion is very scanty as I have been unable
to gather in reports.
Admiral intends to pyoceed at JOl knots —

What is your position, course and speed 1231

now? My position at noon, 56" 20' N.,

5 25' E.
My position now 56 32' N., 6 11' E., 1230

course N.E., speed 18 knots.
At 1.30 p.m. my position 57 5' N., 1332

5 18' E., course W. i S., speed of

advance 16 knots.
Take station on present bearing six cables - —
Are you certain your oil will last you at 124()

15 knots to take you to Northern base? 1

Reply : Hope to get in with about 15 j

tons left.
The speed at whicli Hardy can reach 1 220

Scapa Flow is 15 knots.
Have just passed Dan Buoy with red —

flag on my port hand.
Submarine on surface 32. Yes 51 Lux - 1210

(see 1.10p.m. Warspite to Nepean.) i

What is present course, please? Reply : —
West by South.

Indicate noon position. Reply : Marl- —
borough 54" 25' N., 4° 52' E. ; Fearless
54° 34' N., 5° 0' E.

My position now 56° 27' N., 5° 37' E., 1225
course N.N.W., speed 18 knots.

Tell Qui to steer a steady course at 18 knots 1250

Minotaur's noon position 56° 22' N., —
5 26' E.

Have you suflScient Torpedo Boat De- 1300
stroyers to screen 5th B.S. and B.C.F. to
Rosyth? When can squadron join you?
! Reply : Have nine Destroyers now, four of 1340
whom must leave at 5 p.m. for base. I
hope Champion and three Destroyers
will join later.

{Received ui Iron Dulr :'..:i >'.»/.)

Your 1104. Indefatigable sank 4 p.m., 1227
Queen Mary at about 4.30 p.m. Do
not think it was mines or torpedoes,
because both explosions immediately fol-
lowed hits by salvoes.

Bejiorl )iame.'< of Destroyers of I2th Flotilla 1235

in company with yon.
Alter course in succession to S.W.- - —

Hardy proceed itidependently direct to Scapa 1310
callinci at Aberdeen for fuel if necessary.

Kk 2

516

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.!

1 JUNE —cont.
1. 10 p.m. Warspite

1.12 — Warepite

Nepean

Sem

C.-in-C. Rosyth W/T

1.15 —

Warspite

Nepean

Sem.

1 . 1 .J —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

I.IG —

Nessus

Commodore F.

W/T

1.18 —

S.O. B.C.F..

Battle Cruisers

Sem.

1.19 — Fearless

1.19— S.O. 2ndC.S.
1.20 — j Engadine

1.20— '■ T.B. 2.5

1.24— 1 C.-in-C.

1.24— , C.-in-C.

Marlborough -

W/T

1 2.5 —

Opiielia

1.25 — Admiral
Rosvth.

C.-in-C.

C.-in-C. Rosyth W/T

Warspite - I Sem.

S.O. 2nd C.S. - W/T

S.O.M.S., i W/T

A.C.O. &S.

Captain D4 ■ ^ W/T
Warepite - S.L.

Please give me Inchkeith's 1200, my —
chart.s are destroyed, and Rosyth's 1210.
Reply : Submarine on surface 12 miles
East of Bell Rock, the other, Rosyth
1210 Submarine on surface near Holy
Island.

Warspite has casualties as follows : 8 1312
dead, 20 cot cases all suffering seriously
from shock.

Keep further ahead .... —

Alter course leading ships together the —
rest in succession to N. by W.

Nessus has one boiler out of action. 1310
Damage by shell fire.

Ships are to report what boats they have 1317
available for service. Reply : Lion —
No boats available for service owing to
mainmast being shot through. Princess
Royal — Two picket boats, one launch,
two cutters. Tiger — One picket boat, one
motor launch, all pulling boats. In-
flexible— All boats. Netv Zealand — Owe
picket boat, one motor launch, one cutter,
two tvhalers. Indomitable — One steam
pinnace, one motor launch, one sailing
pinnace, three cutters, three small boats.

Ness to Marlborough. My position 54 1200
7' N., 1= 20' E., steering S. 75 E.
Ordered to escort you. Request in-
structions.

2nd C.S. and Duke of Edinburgh complete 1300
with ammunition. Hampshire has ex-
pended very little.

Expect to arri\e 7 a.m. 2ntl .June having 1310
on board 35 Officers, 681 men, 24 cot
cases, 2 walking cases of Warrior.

My orders for T.Bs. to accompany you —
as far as Elie Fidra Line imless j'ou
require me further. Permission to part
company there. Reply : Affirmed.

How many Destroyers have you with you ? 1305

Reply : Four Destroyers. Owl senior 1345
ofl&cer. Proceeding independently to
Northern base at 15 knots, their maxi-
mum speed at fuel remaining.

(Received in Iron Duke 2.40 p.m.)

When Sloops have searched Area 5 they 1324
are to continue to hunt Submarines in
this area. A.C. Orkney and Shetlands
is requested to concentrate trawlers in
this area. I

Shark and Acasta are not with Battle I 1320
Cruisers. \

Please tell me if I can render anj' assistance ; —
to you or any other. I hope you bring j
good news. |

Reply : We have been attacked by three i
Submarines to-day Thvnsday. They
are apparently waiting outside.

APPENDIX II.

617

Date,
Time of

From

tern. Message.

Time

1 °^

Despatch.

Origin.

1 JUNE

— cont.

1.25 p.m.

Hampshire •

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

S.L.

Submit with reference to signal just re-
ceived to pass to C.-in-C. Iron Dvle
is not in sight of Hampshire.

1310

1.26 —

Fearless

Laforey

W/T

Make smoke ----..

1337

1.27 —

Captain D12

Mischief

W/T

Where are you ?

1240

1.27 - -

Chester

C.-in-C.

W/T

Pass to R.A.C. East Coast from Chester.
Expect to arrive at Flamborough Head
about 2.30 p.m. and outer gate 4.30 p.m.
I have no chart and nine other hospital
cases.

1155

1.30 —

s.O.lstB.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

Sem.

/( is for consideration whether Tiger or
Princess Royal should complete with
ammunition until examination of engines
has been made.

Reply : Would you prefer that Princess
Royal and Tiger did not replenish with
any ammunition on arrival ?

Reply : Princess Royal : Yes I think it
would be best.

1315

1355
1340

1.30 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

S.L.
and
Flags

Alter course leading ships together the
rest in succession to N. 16° W.

1.30 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. 5th B.S. -

W/T

Can you tell me if Sth B.S. did much
damage to Enemy force?

1310

S.L.

Reply : There were a fair number of hits
but no ship fell out of the line disabled,
although one appeared to have speed
reduced just when Battleships came up.
The Enemy were in a thick haze while
Sth B.S. were shown up against a clear
horizon. For a great part of action

1405

the Enemy could only be distinguished

by the flash of their firing. Sth B.S.

did not come into action until a con-

siderable time after Battle Cruisers.

1.30 — Shannon

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

S.L.

Owl is not ifi visual touch

1325

1.30 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

5th B.S.

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots -

—

1.30 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Guides to bear abeam . . - -

—

1.30 —

Marlborough

Fearless

W/T

Pass to Ness and Laforey from Marl-
borough. My position at 1 p.m., 54"
21' N., 4' 22' E., course West. Speed

—

14 knots. Close.

1.30— C.-in-C.

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

W/T

My course N. by W. at 1.10 p.m. -

1325

1.31 — Fearless

Ness

W/T

Make smoke every two minutes -

1340

1.31 — Marlborough

General

Flags

Alter course in succession to West

—

1.3S— S.0.2ndL.C.S.

Birmingham ,
Dublin,
Nottingham.

S.L.

Indicate amount of coal and oil fuel remain-
ing at noon. Replies: Birmingham — Coal
800 tons, oil 130 tons. Dublin — Coal 860
tons, oil 146 tons. Southampton's coal
and oil fuel report — Coal 866 tons, oil
146 tons. Nottingham — 638 tons, oil fuel

1335

80 tons.

518

APPENDIX J I.

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch

Origin.

1 JUNE

— CUtll.

1.40 p.m.

T.B. 25

VVarspitt;

Flags

Permission is requested to proceed in
execution of pievious orders. Reply :
Affirmed.

1.40 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Alter course leading ships together rest in
succession to N. by W.

—

1.40 —

Mandate

Com.7nodore F.

W/T

Your 1325. Full stock of ammunition
on board. None expended.

1330

1.40 —

Scanow

Calista

W/T

At 2 p.m. Warspite and escort arrives
gun range. Keep special vigilance.

1200

1.41 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. 5th B.S. -

W/T
and

^^liich ships o£ your squadron require
docking ?

1340

S.L.

Reply : Warspite, Malaya and probably
Barham.

1400

1.47 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Light Cruisers

S.L.

Alter course in succession to A^.E. -

—

1.47 —

S.O. 2ndC.S.

Mischief

S.L.

Rejoin your group and tell Owl to proceed
independently to Northern base.

1.49 —

Commodore T.

General -

Flags

Alter course in succession to N.N. W.

1.49 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

5th Subdivision

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard

—

IJiO —

Marlborough

—

Remarks : Sighted large flotilla Destroyers
and four Light Cruisers on port quarter.

1.50 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Mischief

S.L.

Owl is on our starboard quarter -

—

1.53 —

Carysfort

—

Remarks : Sighted H.M.S. Marlborough -

—

1.55 —

Warspite

General

Flags

Proceed at 19 knots - - * -

— .

1.58 —

Marlborough

—

Remarks : Challenged Carj^sfort

—

1.58 —

Forth -

Chester -

W/T

From R.A.C. East Coast of England.
Your 1155. There is no swept channel.
Keep clear of prohibited (?) area off
Spurn. Further orders regarding berth
will be signalled later.

1325

2.0 —

Marlborough

Fearless

S.L.

I have reduced speed one knot

— ■•

2.0 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F.

W/T

Do any of your ships require docking ? 1358
Reply : It will only be necessary to 1721
hst Tiger and Princess Royal in basin.

Lion does not require docking. South-

ampton will require docking to complete

repairs but not necessarily immediately.

2.0 —

Mischief

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.L.

Does last signal refer to Owl alone or to
the 8th group?

—

2.0 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Zigzag as ordered in my 0247 of yesterday,
Wednesday.

13.50

2.0 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to star-
board. Admiral intends to proceed at
16 knots.

•~

2.1 —

S.O.UhL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. ■

Flags

Negative zigzag. Adni iral intends to proceed
at 18 knots.

2.2 —

Aberdeen

R.A. Inver-
gorden.

W/T

For C.-in-C. from Rosyth. Two Sub-
marines on surface reported by patrols
in positions 55 45' N., 1 25' W.,
56 25' N., 1 45' W., both at noon.

1335

2.3 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4fh L.r.s. -

Fla-;s

Alter course together tu-o 2)oinls to .starboard

—

APPEXDix n.

.Ill)

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

1 JUNE

— cont

2.4 p.m.

S.O. l.st 13. S.

5th Siib(lit'l.tion

Flags

Alter co!//-.vt' together two pointn to jxut

—

.> -

Engadine

C.-in-C, R.A.
Invergordon.

W T

Warrior abandoned, crew taken off, Lat.
57 21' N., Long. 3 2' E., three shackles
and 6-in. hawser outboard, proceeding
Queenslerry. Engadine's position 11 a.m.
57 10 N., 2 17' E., speed 10 5 knots.

0830

1 2.G —

Garhiml

Commodore F.

VV/T

/ am escorting Forpoise and Contest to
Tyne River. Xoon position 56 33' X.,
r 02' E.

1400

S.0.4tf>L.C.S.

4th L.C.S.

Flags

Alter course in succession N. by \V. -

—

.1 -

C.-in-C.

S.O. 2nd C.S.

w;t

Close to within visual signalling distance

1400

2.10 —

C.-in-C.

4th L.C.S.

W T

My course was W. by N. at 1.15 p.m. -

1355

2.11-

S.O.UhL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. .

Flags

Alter course together two j)oints to starboard

—

2.13 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Speed of advance 1 7 knots ■ ' -

—

2.1.> —

All. Supt.,
Newcastle-
on -TjTie.

Admiraltj'

L.T.

Achilles imdocked for emergency, but
necessary to re-dock after changing
guns to finish bow fitting. This may
possibly delay Minotaur one tide or one
da J'.

1157

2.17 —

Ma t1 borough

Commodore T.

S.L.

Marlborough is proceeding to Rosj'th.
Maximum speed with safetj- to bulk-
heads is 13 knots.

Reply : I am sending four T.B.Ds. to
escort jou.

1410
1420

2.19 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

■5th Subdivisio7i

Flags

Alter course together two points to starboard

■ —

2.20 —

Commodore T.

General -

Flags

Alter course in succession to N.N.E.

—

2.20 —

C.-in-C.

Commodore P.,
S.O. 5th B.S.

S.L.

Commodore F. to detail two Destroyers to
screen Valiant to Rosyth. S.O. 5th B.S.

1415

2.20 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

2.22 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. 5th B.S.

S.L.

2.24 —

C.-in-C.

Marlborough -

W/T

2.25 —

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

2.25-

Warspite
Commodore T.

T.Bs. and
Destroyers.
General -

Flags
Flags

2.25 —

.S.0.2ndL.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

2.26 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. 5th B.S.

S.L.

to inform Valiant when Destroyers are
detailed. Vahant to exchange positions
with S.O. B.C.F. The only Destroyers
required are two for Vahant.
Reply : Moon and Mounsey - - - 1426

Alter course together two points to port —

Barham and Malaya will proceed with —

fleet to Scapa and thence to Invergordon

for repairs.
Report to Admiralty details of damage 1424

immediately.
Alter course together to X. by W. and —

reform on Consta»ce.
Proceed in execution of previous orders —

Alter cour-ie in succession to E. by X. - —

Fuel remaining at noon : Nottingham — | 1420
coal 638, oil 80. Remainder of squadron
average coal 800. oil 150. j

Warn Valiant Enemy Submarine is working j 1424
in approximately 56 45' N., 0 15' W.
Vahant to pass at least 30 miles to
Southward of this position.

520

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch

Origin.

1 JUNE

' — cont.

2.20 p.m.

CominodoreF.

Moon and
Mounsey.

W/T

When proceed in execution of previous
orders is made Moon and Mounsey will
proceed and screen Valiant to Rosyth.

1426

2.27 —

S.O.MiL.C.S.

4th L.C.S.

Flags

Admirnl intends to proceed of 15 knots

—

2.28 —

C.-in-C.

Admiralty

W/T ; Have directed Marlborough to report

1428

damage direct to Admiralty with a view

to her being ordered to dock at Tyne so

as to keep Rosyth for Battle-Cruisers

and Warspite. Am taking Barham and

Malaya to Scapa with a view to repairing

at Invergordon later.

2.28 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Alter course loqether eight points to port

—

2.;50 —

Engadine

S.O. B.C.F.

W/T

Warrior abandoned in 57° 21' N., 3" 2' E.
Have crew on board proceeding at
10 knots. Position 11 a.m. 57° 10' N.,
2' 17' E. Expect to arrive Inchkeith
7 a.m.

My position 57 48' N., 6° 28' E., course

1420

2.30 —

S.O. B.C.F.

Captain D13

W/T

1330

N. 16° W., speed 18 knots.

(Corrected at 3.15 p.m.)

2.30 —

Marlborough

General

Flags

Alter course in succession to West.
Admiral intends to proceed at 12 knots.

—

2.33 —

S.0.3rdL.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F.

W/T

My position now 56^ 49' N., 5° 15' E.,
course N.E., speed 18 knots.

1400

2.34 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

5th Subdivisio}i

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

2.35 —

S.O.lstL.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

Wreck of bow is still above water on my
port hand.

1430

2.35 —

Marlborough

- —

—

Remarks : H.M.S. Laforey mado her
pendants.

—

2..35 —

S.O.UhL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Zigzag one point. First turn to port con-
forming with the wing ship.

— ■

2.36 —

Fearle.ss

Marlborough

S.L.

Permission to take station astern. Reply :
Yes, please.

1435

2.36 —

S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. IstL.C.S.

S.L.

Fix position of wreck as near as possible

1435

2.40 —

Commodore F.

Broke -

W/T

Can you account for all Destroyers of 4th
Flotilla and are any of them missing ?

1250

2.40 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Negative station hands at action stations
constantly throughout the day.

2.42 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Alter course together eight j)oints to star-
board.

—

2.42 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

5th Subdivision

Flags

Alter course in succession to N. by IT'.

—

2.44 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

Am detaching Vahant to Rosyth. She is
undamaged. Propose repairing Malaya
and Barham at Invergordon. Warspite
has gone to Rosyth. I have warned
Valiant of submarines in 56 45 N.,
0 12' W. and 56 25' N., 1 45' W.

1444

2.45 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Keep within visual signal touch

—

2.45 -

S.O. 1st B.S.

C.-in-C.

W/T

Having run my distance to intercept you
I have now turned to N. by W.

(Not logged as having been received in
Iron Duke.)

1435

2.45 —

S.O. 2ndC.S.

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

S.L.

What is bearing of Iron Duke from jou,
please? Reply: Iron Duke not in sight,
I estimate they bear S.S.E. four miles.

1440

2.46 —

Laforey

Marlborough -

S.L.

Destroyers in companj% Lawford, Laver-
ock and Lookout.

—

2.4y —

S.O. 1st B.S. 1

5th Subdivision

Flags

Alter course together two points to port

—

APPENDIX II.

521

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message. of

Despatch.

.Origin.

1 JUNE

— cont.

2.50 p.m.

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

—

2.52 —

S.0.2ndB.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

We luuc passed many bodies, apparently
German, two of which had on red life-
buoys with letters which began with
S.M. We also passed foreign whaler
with V 29 on her, and can see bow of
small vessel sticking up out of the water
on oiu- port beam.

1450

2.52 —

C.-in-C.

Commodore F.

S.L.

Detach Valiant's screen now. Reply :
Submit where will screen find 5th Battle
Squadron when proceeding in execution
of previous orders. Further reply : Star-
board wing column.

1459

2.52 —

C.-in-C.

Commodore F.

S.L.

Send Hardy on independently direct to
Scapa, calling at Aberdeen for fuel if
necessary.

1440

2..54 —

S.0.2ndB.C.S.

Ophelia

S.L.

Inspect wreckage on your port bow, and
endeavour to destroy wreckage bearing
S.W. two miles.

1435

2.55 —

S.0.2ndB.C.S.

Galatea

S.L.

Did you identify wreckage? Reply : I
believe it to be the bow of Invincible.

—

2.57 —

Captain D13

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

My position, course and speed 1 p.m.
57" N., 6° 26' E., N.E. 18 knots.
Moresby and Obdurate returned to base
to fuel.

1330

3.0 —

Princess Royal

Remarks : Passed a lot of oil and three
hammocks, a body of a German Officer
and German lifebuoy.

3.0 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

Bar ham,
Valiant,
Malaya.

W/T

The bodies of all those loho were badly
damaged before death shoidd be buried at
sea, and also others ivith no special ties.

1425

3.0 —

Mischief

S.0.4thL.C.S.

Sem.

How does battlefleet bear from you? We
have been told to rejoin battlefleet and
do not know their position. Reply :
Iron Duke at noon 56'' 20' N., 5 22' E.,
N.W. 17 knots, altered course K. by W.
at 1315. I estimate she bears S.S.E.
from Calliope about four miles.

3.1 —

Hercules

S.O. 1st B.S.

W/T

Peterhead to Nellie Dodds via S.O. Whalers
Peterhead patrol. Submarine repoited
0. 35 a.m. to-day. Thursday, 56 31' X.,
0 40' TC.

1-200

3.2 —

Commodore T.

C.-in-C.

W/T

My position 2.30 p.m. 54 32' N., 4 16' E.,
course E. by N., 20 knots. Have sighted
Marlborough and despatched escort.
Have you any instructions?

1445

.3.4 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

5th Subdivision

Flags

Alter course torfctlier two poi)it.'< to starboard

—

3.5 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

—

3.5 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

Sounds as of firing S.W. - - - -

1515

3.5 —

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots -

—

3.10 —

Commodore F.

Moon and
Mounsey.

S.L.

5th B.S are starboard wing column. Pro-
ceed in execution of previous orders.

—

3.10 —

Vanguard

S.O. 4th B.S.

Sem.

Eight 12-in guns being loaded with nose
fuze shell, submit opportunity may be
given to discharge this.

1445

3.11 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

.3rd L.C.S. -

S.L.

Alter course in succession to North -

,yy

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of
Despatch.

From

1 JUNE —cont. I

3.11 p.m. S.O. CruiaerH \ Craisern

3.13 _ c.-in-C. - S.O. 4th L.C.S.

3.14 _ .S.().:}r(lL.C.S. I Cordelia
.3.14— C.-in-C. - S.O. 1st B.S.

3.15 _ S.O. B.C.F. Captain Dl 3 -

Sy8-
tem.

S.L.
S.L.

W;T

W/T

3. 1 6

.3.18 —

3.19 —
3 20 —

3.20 —
3.24 —

C.-in-C. - I S.O.s 1st, 2nd, Sem.
I 4 th, 5 th, ami
I B.S., S.O. W/T
4th L.C.S.,
S.O. 2nd C.S.

,S.0.3rdL,C.S. Cordelia

S.L..

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

Speed of advance 14 knots

My course is N. by W. Keep within visual
signal distance.

What is your course? Reply : X. 16" W.

My course is N. by W. advancing 15 knots
at 1.15 p.m.

My position .jG 48' X., 6" 28' E., course
N. 16 W., speed 18 knots.

Carry out the instructions contained in para-
graph 5 G.F.G. and T. Order No. 113.
Valiant is proceeding to Rosyth and
remainder oli battle squadrons to Scapa.

Replies re ammunition required :-

1504

1.514

1501

1330

1515

1st B.S.
Revenge
Hercules
Agincourt
St. Vincent
Colossus
CoUingwood
Neptune

2nd B.S.
King George
Orion
Monarch
Thunderer
Conqueror
Centurion
Ajax

4th B.S.
Benbow
Canada
Bellerophon
Vanguard
Superb
Temeraire
Vanguard

5th B.S.
Barham

A.P. Lyddite.

101

142

0
49
51

0
16
19

40
42
41
0
0
0
0

135

0
0
0
0
0
2
0

Common.

8
12

0
27

0
35
40

0
21
15
16

4th L.C.S.

Calliope

Caroline

Royalist

Comus

Constance

For
6-in. guns.
Lydd- Com-
dite. mon.

200

For
4-in. guns.

12
3
2
0
0

Lydd-

dite.

Com-
mon.

0
17

S.O. 1st B.S. \ 5th Subdivision Flags

C.-in-C. - General - j Flags

S.O. B.C. P. j New Zealand | S.L.

1
S.O.SrdL.C.S. 3rd L.C'.S. - \ S.L.

\\1iat is bearing and distance of Battle-
Cruisers? Reply : E. hy S. about
16 miles.

Alter course together two points to starboard

Alter course together two points to port

Keep good look-out jor Falmouth joining

on port heam.
Alter course in sticcession to N. 16 W.

l.-)l.')

1500

APPENDIX II.

623

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

1 JUNE — cont.
3.27 p.m.' Commodore T.

General

3.2.S —

Laforey

Marlborough

3.30 —

.3.30

3.34 —

3.35 —

C.-in-C,

Rosyth.
C.-in-C.
S.O. 1st B..S.
Ariel -

Admiraltj'

General -

oth Subdivisic
S.O. B.C.F.

.3.35
3.3.3
3.38
3.39

3.39

S.O.ithL.C.S. 4thL.C.S. -
S.O. B.C.F. Badger -
S.O. Cruisers j Cruisers
C.-in-C. - ! S.O. 5th B.S.

C.-in-C.

General

3.40

C.-in-C.

5.0. 10th C.S.,
Donegal.

3.40— S.O. oth B.S. Malaya

3.40 — Commodore F. All Destroyers i S.L.

! i

3.43 _ Forth - - i Chester - - '. W/T

Flags Alter course in succession to N. 26'^ E.

Sem. Submitted Laforey and Lawford are both

steering S. 80^ W. on this course.
L/T Warspite arrived and proceeding to dock

Flags Alter course together two points to port
Flags Alter course toyether tivo 'points to port
S.L. Request permission to part company
owing to shortage of fuel at 3.30 p.m.
I and return to base taking Hydra with
I me. Request Badger may be informed.
Hydra can only reach base at economical
I speed.
Flags I Alter course together 16 points to port.
i Negative zigzag.
S.L. j Ariel and Hydra wish to proceed to base

] on account of fuel. Send them on.
S.L. ; Alter course together four points to star-
board. Speed of advance 17 knots.

S.L. Barham and Malaya take station astern
of 3rd Division now. Give Valiant orders
to proceed to Rosyth. Moon and Moun-
sey are detailed as her screen.
Flags Indicate number of killed and wounded
(reply to be made in two hoists).

Killed. Wounded.
Barham 25 34

Malaya 48 53

Colossus 0 4

Castor 12 22

Calliope 9 12

{Wounded includes two Officers, Staff
Surgeon and Mate, four men dan-
gerously wounded, six wounded
and several slight injuries.)
j Remainder Nil Nil.

W/T ! Reliable report received that commerce
j raider Moewe and one other raider, or
; old Cruiser Niobe class, sailed yesterday
j 31st May and to-day 1st June respect-
j ively on raiding cruise. They may act
in company. Assume Muckle Flugga
! patrol in accordance with HF 0042 over
j 49 of 15th April. Donegal to assume the
I patrol when the ships of the 10th C.S.

are in position.
Is water confined to compartment stated ?
Can Malaya remain out of dock at Scapa
for a few days without difficulty ?
Reply : Yes, and it is anticipated that
water will be confined to present damaged
compartments in fine weather at sea or in
harbour. At present only slight leaks
into adjoining ones.
Indicate at once by W jT number of Officers

and men killed and wounded.
From R.A.C. East coast of England. Yo\i
will proceed straight into Immingham
lock on arrival. Tugs will be ready to
assist you. Hospital cases will be dis-
charged from lock.

Sem.

1530
1458

1500

1534

1458

1540

1500
1615

1530
1427

524

APPENDIX II.

Date,
Time of | Knuii

Despatch.!

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

1 JUNE —cont.
•.\AA i^.m. S.U. 4th L.t'.S. 4th L.t'.H. - Flags

Admiralty - i Commodore i L/T

Harwich. |

I V.A. Dover, j

' C.-in-C, Nore. |

Commodore F. C.-in-C. - S/L

Alter course together eight points to port - j —

Cancel my 543* Harwich, 846* Dover
and 137* Nore.

♦Fleet action imminent.

I understand that Owl, Hardy and Midge
have left screen in accordance with
orders received from you, but am giving
Hardy orders in accordance with your
signal 1440.

Birmingham ' S.O. 2ndL.C.S. \ S.L. | Periscope oj Submarine in sight

\ (Fasnedto S.O. B.C.F.)
j Have a good hunt for Submarines off Tyne
I before Marlborough passes, probably at
I about daylight to-morrow, via M Chan-
I nel. Do not refer to Marlborough passing
by wireless.
Flags Alter course together two points to port

1545

1501

Admiralty

R.A.EastCoast L/T

1.548

S.O. 1st B.S.

C.-in-C.

S.O. 5th B.S.

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

S.0.4thL.C.S.

C.-in-C.

KingGeorgeV.
Marlborough
S.O. B.C.F.

5th Subdivision
General -
Valiant
S.O. B.C.F. -
4th L.C.S. -

Commanders
of Divisions,
R.A. Cyclops,
R.A. Inver-
gordon.

General

Badger -

Flags Alter course together two points to star-
board.

Flags ! Proceed in execution of previous orders

S.L.

Flags

Sem.
and

W/T

Flags

S.L.

Badger

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

S.O. B.C.F. -

2nd Division -

S.L.

S.O. 1st B.S.

5lh Subdivision

Flags

S.O. B.C.F.

Southampton
and Galatea.

S.L.

S.O. 1st B.S.

5th Subdivision

Flags

S.O. B.C.F.

Galatea

S.L.

Ophelia bearing W.S.W. six miles -

Alter course together to N. Form single
line-ahead in sequence of fleet numbers.

Reference par. 4 G.F.G. and T. Order 113.
Ammunition ships are not to be shifted.

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

Remarks : 1st Battle Squadron joined up

Remarks : Ness made her pendants

I am altering course at 4.15 p.m. for
Rosyth at 18 knots till dark, after that
you can go on at economical speed.
Will that do you? Reply : Yes, thank

you.

Badger and Lapwing have less than Ariel
and Hydra. S.O. 13th Flotilla informs
me that Pelican should also go at once.

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 l-nots

Take station on tearing S. two miles.

Alter course together two points to starboard

I Will you require docking for repairs on

I arrival? Reply : Southampton will

probably require docking for repairs to

waterlino but not necessarily on arrival.

Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots

Take station on compass bearing S. 89 W.
I shall alter course to S. 89^ W. at
4.15 p.m.

154U

1355

1600

1540

1603

APPENDIX II.

525

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

— cont.
Engadine

S.O. 5th B.S.
C.-in-C.

Birmingham -
S.O. 1st B.S.
S.O. Cruisers

C.-in-C. Rosy th j W/T Expect to arrive 7 a.m. 2nd June having 1310
I on board 35 Officers and 681 men of

I Warrior.

5th B.S. - Flags j Admiral intends to proceed at 'JO knots

Commodore T. I W/T

1608

I informed Admiralty that you were
not required. There is nothing left to
I i be done. Strengthen Marlborough's j

' screen by two more Destroyers. I

C.-in-C, S.O. W/T Urgent. Submarine's periscope Lat. 57 1540

B.C.F. 19' N., Long. 5 59' E.

otfi Subdivision Flags The hands are to be stationed at action —

stations constantly throughotit the day.
Cruisers - Flags Alter course together four points to port -

S.O. B.C.F. - S.O. 2nd B.C.S.
S.O. 1st, 2nd
3rd L.C.S.

C.-in-C. Commodore F.

S.O. B.C.F. - S.Os. 1st, 2nd,
and .SrdL.C.S.

C.-in-C.

S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.0.2ndL.C.S. S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. B.C.F. - General

S.O.SrdL.C.S. 3rd L.C.S.
S.O. 1st L.C.S: Inconstant
S.O. 1st L.C.S. Cordelia
S.0.4thL.C.S. Valiant -
S.O. B.C.F. - General

W/T Alter course leading ships together the 1600
rest in succession to S. 89° W. 4.15 p.m.

S.L.

S.O. B.C.F. - S.O. Ist B.S. - W/T

S.L.

S.L.
and

W/T

S.L.

Flags
and
S.L.
S.L.

Are you in communication with Broke?
Where is she?

Reply : No, am not in communication
with Broke. Last known communica-
tion 11 p.m., 31st May with Captain D4.

My position .57' 31' N., 5 45' K., course
S. 89 W., .speed 18 knots. What is
your position, course and speed?

Reply : My position at 4.30 p.m. Lat.
57"^ 15' N., Long. 4" 37' E., course N. by
W., advancing 16 knots.

Take station on compass bearing S. 89 ' W.
I shall alter course to S. 89 W. at
4. 15 p.m. Spread Light Cruisers at right
angles one mile apart. Centre of screen
to be two miles ahead on compass
bearing S. 89' W.

Priority. Warrior abandoned in Lat. 57
10' N., Long. 2 17' E., with towing
hawser and cable outboard. Search for
her with your Cruisers and if impossible
to salve sink her. Two tugs and Yacht
Albion left Peterhead to assist p.m. to-
day. If tugs are not required for
Warrior send them to tow Acasta. She
is in tow of Nonsuch and should be a
little to the Eastward of Warrior.

Birmingham reports : Submarine peri-
scope of no immediate danger to the
fleet in sight.

Alter course leading ships together the
rest in succession to S. 89' W.

Alter course in .succession to W.

S.L. Spread N. one mile from Galatea

S.L. Spread N. one mile from Inconstant

S.L. Can you please give me bearing of main

body of battlefleet?
Flags Negative station hands at action stations

1600
1700

1555

1645

1545

1540

U)15

1 r,20

526

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

Sys- I
tern. I

Message.

; Time
I of
jOrigin

1 JUNE —com.

4.2(1 p.iu S.O. 5th B.S. 5th U.S.

4.21 S.O. Cruisers Cruisers

4.22 — I S.O.SrdL.C.S. 3rd L.C.S

4.23 — C.-in-C. - General
4.L\-. S.O. 4th L.C.S. 4th L.C.S.
i.2o — S.O. B.C.F

C.-in-C.
Captain D13
S.0.3rdL.C.S.

S.O. 2nd C.S. -

4.27 — C.-in-C.

4.29- S.O. Is/ L.C.S. Is/ L.C.S

Flags Adfniral intends to proceed at 16 knots • ' —

Flags Lookouts to he one mile apart - - - —

S.L. Form on a line of bearing in the

.sequence you vov are to South.
Flags Alter course together two points to port

Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots - -

W/T My position 57 31' N., 5 45' E., course 1620
S. 89 W., speed 18 knots.

S.L. Proceed in execution of previous orders - 1620

S.L.

4.30 — ' S.O. 1st B.S. 5th Subdivision] Flags

4.30 —

Marlborough

4.30 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Captain D13 -

W/T

4.30 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

Flags

4.30 —

Galatea

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

4.32 —

C.-in-C.

Attached
Cruisers
and Active.

Flags

Have you any repairs to require docking ?

Reply from Inconstant : No, only one
small hit with fragment of shell of no
importance. I hit what was apparently
submerged wreckage, but do not anticipate
any damage iinderwafer done.

Reply from Cordelia : Xo

Alter course in succession 16 points to
starboard. Admiral intends to proceed at
1 7 knots.

Remarks : Albatross (T.B.D.) joined up
with screen.

Return to base -----

Alter course together to W. by N.

1620
1630

1626

1(3:

1.530

4.33

4.35

S.O. Cruisers Criiisers

S.L.

S.O. B.V.F.. Battle Cruisers S.L.

4.35— ! S.O. B.C.F. -
4.40— \S.O. B.C.F.-

Badger -

Princess Royal^l
Tiger. \

S.L.
Sem.

. Princess Royal S.O. B.C.F. •
I Tiger - - S.O. B.C.F. - \
j
4.42 — ! S.O. Cruisers Cruisers

S.L.
Sem.

Position of wreck based on noon position

57° N., 6 23' E.
Take station as follows : — -

Active two miles ahead of Admiral.

4th L.C.S. three miles ahead of Admiral.

Blanche two miles ahead of Benbow.

Bellona two miles ahead of Colossus.

Boadicea two miles ahead of King
George V.
Cruisers are to search for Warrior abandoned 1625

by Engadine. Duke of Edinburgh is to

be prepared to tow her if necessary.

Crew were taken off. Look out for Yacht \

Albion and two tugs.
Burial service for those who have lost their i KiJ "^

lives in action will be held at 5.30 p.m. |

on board ships.
On what Destroyer are the survivors of -^

Invincible and Queen Mary?
Indicate at 6 p.m. what coxirse it is considered 1625

Lion is steering.
Replies : —

/ make Lion''s course due W. - - 1800

I tnake Lion^s course S. S9' W. - - 1820

4.45 — j S.O. l.ft B.S. 5th Division

S.L. Spread for look-out duUes in the sequence
in which ships now are tico miles apart
I S. 13 W.from Minotaur. My course is
I K. 77 ^Y., sj>eed of advance 17 knots.

Flags Alter course together two points to starboard

APPENDIX II.

5 27

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

; of

Despatch.

Origin

1 JUNE

CO)lt.

4.45 p.m.

Abdiel

C.-in-C. Rosyth

W/T

Preparatorj- signal for entering Rcsyth
7.30 p.m. to-night for oil and 80 service
' mines.

Reply : Approved and arranged. Pro-
ceed to Destroyers trot N. or S. Queens-
(evry.

Detail T.B.Ds. for subdivisions of B.F. for

1835

4.4.-.—

C.-in-C.

Commodore F.

S.L.

1646

night. Barham and Malaya will be with

5th subdivision if here, otherwise 6th

subdivision.

4.47 —

Aciraiial ,
Immingham.

Atlmiialty

L/T

Chester arrived .....

1600

4.4S —

C.-in-C.

S.O. 1st B.S.,
S.O. 4th L.CS.
Commodore F.

W/T

Speed of advance 16 knots

1637

4..J() —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Valiant -

W/T

What is your position, course and speed?

Reply : My position is Lat. 57' 07' N.,
Long. 4" 10' E., course 251% speed of
advance 17 knots, Moon and Mounsey
in companj\

1650
1600

4..-..S —

S.O.lstL.C.S.

Ist L.CS.

S.L.

Zigzag one j)oint

—

4.55 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

ot/i Subdivi.'tion

Flags

Alter course together ttvo jwints to port

—

4.55 —

Admiralty -

Admiral,
Rosyth.

L/T

Report nature of Warspite's damages and
cause.

1655

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

3rd L.CS. -

S.L.

Yarmouth form astern of Falmouth.
Gloucester form astern of Birkenhead.
Columns to be two miles apart.

1700

5.2 —

S.O.M.S. -

A.C. Orkneys
and Shetlands

W/T

Weather conditions improving and favour-
able for trawlers to .sweep.

1700

5.3 —

S.O. l.st L.CS.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

No ships of 1st L.CS. require docking as
far as can be ascertained. Galatea's
armour is bulged out and leaks, but
damage is above water-line.

1645

5.5 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

S.L.
and

Flags.

Bank fires in boilers not required for 22
knots. Steam for full speed to be at
one hour's notice.

5.0 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

Canterbury -

S.L.

What base are you returning to? -
Reply : I was attached to 3rd B.C.S. for
last cruise, after which was being sent
to join Commodore T. at Harwich. I ,
got separated from 3rd B.C.S. when
Enemy Battle Cruisers engaged them,
including Chester and us. We escaped
with one 6-in. shot through us aft. I
will be short of 500 tons of oil fuel to-
morrow noon, also 44 6-in. lyddite and
35 4-in. lyddite. Request you will re-
port circumstances to C.-in-C. and ask
for instructions for me. The last base
we left ^^•as Scapa Flow, where we were
working up firing after commissioning.
Our proper base is Harwich.

1705
1724

5.1(1 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

S.L.
and
Sem.

1st L.C.S. are firing their 6-in. guns to
discharge them.

1707

5.11-

C.-in-C.

R.A. Scapa -

W/T

2nd B.S., Duke of Edinburgh, Barham and
Malaya returning to Scapa. Arrange
mails accordingly.

1644

5. 1 :2 — i

S.O. lit B.S.

5th Subdicision

Flags

Alter course together tico points to starboard

528

Date,

TiriK- of
IJcspatch.

APPENDIX U.

FiDin

1 JUNE -com.
;"). 14p.Tn. S.O. li.C.F.- Princess Royal
and Tifjer.

C.-in-C. General -

5.15 —

o.l.-)-
5.18 —
.5.18 —
.5.20 —
.5.20 —
.5.23 —
.5.23 —
.5.23 —
5.25 —
.5..30 —

5.30 —

5.32 —

5.34 —

5.35 —

Coininodore F.
S.O.SrdL.C.S.
Marlborough
S.O. Cruiiers
Hampshire -
S.O. 1st B.S.
S.O. B.C.F.-
S.O. B.C.F.-
S.O. 3rcl B.S.
C.-in-C.

Opal

3rd L.C.S. -

General

Cruisers

General

5th Subdivision

1st Division -
Battle Cruisers.
1st B.C.S. -

Admiralty

General

S.O. 5th B.S. - C.-in-C. -

i
C.-in-C. - 4th L.C.S.

S.O. 1st B.S. 5th Subdivision

.O. J3.C.F. - General.Nega
tive Destroyers

5.35

Opal

Commodore F.

Sem.
Flags

S.L.
S.L.
Flags
S.L.

Flags
Flags
Flags
Sem.
W/T
Flags

Sem.

S.L.

Flags

Sem.
and
S.L.

.5.30 — ' S.O. Cruisers I Cruisers

S.L.

Before the service, ships will form in i 1710
quarter -liyie to starbourd. \

Battlefleet. Let fires die out in boilers not —

required for 19 knots.
Cruisers and Destroyers. Let fires die out —

in boilers not required for 20 Imots.

la Mischief in company ? Reply : No. —

Alter course in succession to S. 89 W.
Alter course in succession N. 57 W.
Zigzag when in station . - . .
Submarine in sight

Alter course together two points to starbourd
Form single starboard quarter-line -

New Zealatui will be firing her guns to 1720

discharge them.
3rd B.S. and 3rd C.S. arrived at the Swin 1«29

Alter course together two points to star-
board. Admiral intends to proceed at
17 knots.

Request that Barham and Malaya may I'^O
defer oiling until after examination of
damage. Reply : Approved.

Take station ahead three miles. Keep in —
visual touch.

Alter course together two points to port - \ —

Indicate requirements of coal and oil at

10 a.m.
2nd L.C.S. :—

Birmingham and Dublin, 720 tons coal
each ; Birmingham and Nottingham
160 tons oil each ; Dublin, 70 tons oil;
Southampton should not complete
with fuel imtil after examination.
1st L.C.S., 1,800 tons oil for squadron : —

New Zealand, 1,130 tons coal, .50 tons
oil; Tiger, 1,200 tons coal, -450 tons
oil ; Indomitable, 1,200 tons coal.
290 tons oil ; Lion, 1,400 tons coal,
130 tons oil; Inflexible, 1,200 tons
coal, 350 tons oil ; Princess Royal,
1,325 tons coal, 190 tons oil.

Mischief was this morning screening Ar- —
moured Cruisers. \

S.L. ; Nonsuch may be sighted towing Acasta ■ i 17 35

5.38 — j C.-in-C.

S.O. 1st B.S. - I W/T My position at 5 p.m. 57^ 24' N., 4 9 E., ; 1707
course N. by W., advancing 16 knots.
I I Indicate your position. I

APPENDIX II.

529

Date,

Time of
Despatch.

From

Sys-
tem.

Message

I JUNE

.'5.40 p.m.

— cont
Commodore F.

Opal

C.-in-C.

— S.O. 2nd C.S.

Attached
Cruisers.

C.-in-C.

Marlborough Admiralty

S.O. fdh B.S. Valiant

S.O. l.st B.S.

5th Subdivision

5.45— I Indomitable- S.O. B.C.F.

5.45 — i S.O. 5th B.S.

5.45— S.O.dihL.C.S.
.5.48— Tiger -

C.-in-C. -

4th L.C.S.
S.O. B.C.F.

5. .50 — C.-in-C. - General

5.50 — S.O. SrdL.C.S. ■ 3rd L.C.S.

i
5. 50 — Hercules ' • Revenge

5.50 — C.-in-C.

X 12872

General

Time
lOrigiii.

S.L. i Report names oj 12th Flotilla Destroyers
present. Are there aiiij casualties iti. 12th
Flotilla ? Reply : Opal, Menace, Mmi-
■ster. Noble, Mary Rose, Narwhal, Nessus,
Miiulful, Onslaught left ii.s about 5 a.m.
after we had joined you. Nessu.s has si.v
I wounded. Onslaught and Obedient, Cap-
j tai)i injured, 1st Lieutenant tilled.
• Nan-such is- escorting Acasta to Ncircastle.

Flags Boadicea take station two points before

and port beam of King George V. li miles.

S.L. Blanche take station ahead of Colossus

1\ miles. Bellona take station two

points on the starboard bow of Colossus

j 11 miles. Active take station ahead of

King George V. 1 1 miles. Keep within

I visual signal distance.

W/T Hampshire reports Submarine in Lat. 57

10' N., Long. 3 43' E.

W/T j All compartments between 76 and ill

I stations, starboard, from outer bottonn

j to middle or main deck damaged and

flooded. All double bottom compart-

I ments between these stations on star-

1 board side, vertical keel damaged and

probably double bottom compartments,

vertical keel to second longitudinal on

port side also damaged. Diesel engine

shattered, starboard forward hydraulic

pump and air compressor damaged.

Boilers and auxiliary machinery in A

boiler room not damaged except air

blower and Diesel motor oil pump. A

boiler room partially flooded but water

is being kept under. Right gun A

turret fractured.

W/T Reference to G.F.G. and T. Order No. 113.

Gomtnunicate direct to C.-in-C. Rosyth.
Flags Alter course together t^vo points to port -

S.L. ^ Submit Acting E.R.A. 4th Class. Peter
I Callender, No. 15428, belonging to In-
domitable was on board Invincible.

S.L. I Permission is requested for Barham and
Malaya to commit bodies of some of
those killed in action to the deep at
7 p.m. without easing down. Reply :
Approved.

Flags Keep closed up - ■ - - -

Sem. Reference R.G.O. 261, j/aragraph 9. We
have 31 men unfit to be landed and 14
other cases of which 10 are cot cases if
possiblefor hasp ital sh ip to com e, alongside.

Flags j Alter course together two points to port -
S.L. Form single line-ahead in sequence of fleet

numbers.
Sem. I Captain to Captain. Obtained noon posi-
tion by observation as follows, .57° 18' N.,
I 5° 30' E., and Aginconrt tells me her noon
po-silian was the -snnit icithin a mile.

S.L. i Speed of advance 16 knots

1725

1708

1727

1740

1700

1725

L 1

530

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

Frum

Sys-
tem.

Message.

1 JUNE —com.
5.53 p.ra 6.0. Ist B.S.

5.64 —
5.64 —

Duke of Edin-
burgh
C.-in-C

S.O. 2nd C.S.-
R.A. Scapa -

S.L.
W/T

6.66 —

S.0.4thL C.S.

Active -

S.L.

6.57 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

5.68 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

6.0
6.0

Chester

Commodore F. Mischief

Commodore T.
C.-in-C.

General >
General

6.0
6.0
6.4

Opal y

S.0.4thL.C.S.
C^hester

Commodore F.
4th L.C.S. -
Admiralty

S.L.

Flags
Sem.
and
S.L.

5th Subdivision Flags Alter course together two points to starboard

Hampshire reports Submarine report not

reliable.
Report visibility at 8 p.m., midnight and

4 a.m.

Am ordered to keep visual touch with
liattlefleet. Will you please drop back
slightly to give me room?

Distance apart of Columns to be eight

cables.
Have you seen anything?

(Received by S.O. B.C.F. as Have yon seen
Aircraft r)

Reply : No. Have swept over a large iront
oJ at least 30 miles, have seen nothing.

I can get no news of Nestor, Onslow,
Nomad or Turbulent.

Remarks : Secured to Immingham Dock

Are you joining screen now? Have you
any casualties and have you seen Broke ?
Reply : I am. joining screeyi. Mischief
has no casualties. Reply re Broke — No.

Alter course in succession to N. by E.

Night disposition : 4th L.C.S. four miles
ahead of Flag, Battlefleet LU2 divisions
and subdivisions two miles interval.
Bar ham and Malaya will join 5th Sub-
division if it is here before dark, other-
wise they will be two miles astern of 6th
Subdivision. At early dawn leading
subdivisions zigzag back, keeping on the
proper side of rear subdivision, and rear
subdivisions increase speed. Course
will be N. 49 W. until altered after day-
light. Speed 16 or 17 knots as suited
to Destroyers. T.B.Ds. will screen as
long as it is sufficiently light. Boadicea
two points before outer beam of K. G. V.

II cables, Bellona two points before
outer beam 11 cables of Revenge if
present, otherwise Colossus. Blanche .
and Active two points before the star-
board and port beam respectively 11
cables of Iron Duke.

Ambuscade fells me that Fortune was blown
out of water by three Battleships.

Form single line-abreast to port. Speed of
advance 16 knots.

Have arrived at Humber in accordance
with orders from R.A. Minotaur. Regret
to report loss in general action 31st May,
following : Killed, Officers, 2 ; men, 29 ;
seriously wounded, Officer 1 ; men, 33 ;
slightly wounded, Officers, 2; men about
14. Damage to ship : Three guns out
of act ion, much damage to upper work$,
holed in four places above water-line.
Engine boilers and all machinery almost
intact. No serious damage below water-
line. Request address mails to Imm-
ingham Dock.

S.L.

Flags
L/T

APPENDIX

II.

531

Date,

Sys-
tem.

] - - —

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

1 JUNE

— cont.

6.5 p.m.

S.0.3rdL.C.S.

Canterbury .

S.L.

Take station astern of Gloucester-

1802

6.7 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Alter cour.^e together four points to starboard

—

6.10 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Alter course together two points to port -

—

6.15 —

Admiraltj'- -

•

R.A. East
Coast.

L/T

Forward brief report of damage to Chester
as soon as possible.

Reply : Chester arrived plates badly holed
— two starboard side, station 177, two
port side, stations 143 and 58. After-
control position completely wrecked.
Upper deck badly damaged in places.
Side at 72 station above armour holed,
bridge damaged, forecastle deck holed.
Following guns out of action, P. 1, P. 3,
S. 2, S. 4. Six boats damaged and
unseaworthj\ Nearly all after upper
deck fittings damaged. Repairs cannot
be effected at Immingham ; they could
be done at Hull, but this would delay
Destroyers now in hand.

Further reply froni Admiralty : Report
what guns and mountings in Chester
require replacement, and if any mount-
ings can be repaired in place. Reply :
Two 5.5 and one 3-pdr. gun are pro-
visionally condemned and require re-
placing. Two other 5.5 require examin-
ation. No mountings as far as can be
seen need replacing, but all require
stripping and repairs which could be
done in place. One shield to be
replaced.

1816
1020

6.15 —

S.0.2ML.C.S.

Dublin -

S.L.

What damage ?

Reply : Damage extensive but not serious.
Two armour plates pierced, several holes
in ship's side, plating and frames. Main
deck and fore bulkhead pierced. Star-
board bulkhead 143 shot away. Casing
to engine romn and several coal shutes
pierced. Some damage to cabin doors,
boats'" davits, voice pipes, chart house,
fire main. Considerable damage to sea-
men's head. Wireless telegraph trunk
shot away.'

1807
1845

6.15 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

Form astern and follow in the wake of
your divisional Guides.

—

6.16 —

S.O.dthL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course together to N. by W.

—

6.17 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

Ships in column to be five cables apart

—

6.20 —

Dublin

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

Birkenhead bearing N.W.

1815

6.21 —

Dockyard
Rosvth.

Admiralty

L/T

Warspite docked in Dock No. 1 and will
be placed on blocks to-night.

1720

6.21 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

C.-in-C.

W/T

Canterbury in company with me. To
what hase should she retvun? My
position 57 19' N., 4 27' E.

Reply : Canterbury to proceed to Harwich

1800
1921

6.21 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

Hercules

Sem.

What do you make bearing and distance of

Iron Duke now ?
Reply : I make Hercules bearing 342° 16

miles from Iron Duke at 5 p.m.

L 1

1820
1830

532

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

'J\>

Sys-
tem.

^lessa^o.

1 JUNE '

G.23p.m.
8.23— I

6.25— I

6.26 —

0.28 —

6.30

6.31 —

—cont. \

S.O.SrdL.C.S. ' 3rd L.C.S
C.-in-C.

6.35

6.35 —

6.35-
6.36-

0.45-

6.45-

6.47-

6.50-
6.50

C.-in-C.

Abdiel
S.O. B.C.F.

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F.

C.-in-C.

S.O. 5th B.S.
Admiralty -

1 S.L.

S.O. B.C.F., W/T
S.O. 1st B.S.

General Flags

C.-in-C. RosythI W/T

C.-in-C. KosythI W/T

General

Sem.

Captain i)i:j - ] W/T

General

5th B.S.

Flags

Speed of advance 1 <S knots

Hampshire reports Submarine in Lat. 57
10' N., Long. 3 43' E.

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

H.-M.S. Abdiel cxpec-ts to arrive witliin
gunshot of Inchkeith 0.20 p.m.

Fleet returning to base. Arriving Inch-
keith about 8.45 a.m. Request latest
swept line and that all available patrols
may be sent out to keep Submarines
down. I have no Destroyer screen.
Further details later.

The bodies of some of those who iell in
action in Barham and Malaya will be
committed to the deep at 7 p.m. 5
Pendant will be hoisted. Colours will be
half-masted at that time.

Priority. What Destroyers have you
missed and what was last news of them?

Reply : Nomad, Turbulent, Termagant
and Nestor did not return after attack
on Enemy's Battle Cruisers. Onslow
damaged in that attack proceeded to
base towed by Defender.

Assume 2nd organisation

Flags I Admiral intends to proceed at 19 k)iots

Marlborough - W/T

C.-in-C. - 5th B.S.

S.0.4thL.C.S.\ 4th L.C.S.

Flags

Report draught of water
[ Reply : Marlborough's draught estimated
I as 39 feet.

iReply from Admiralty : Proceed to
Rosyth for temporary repairs.

Take station astern of St. Vincent -

C.-in-C.

S.O. 1st B.S.

C.-in-C.

S.O.
S.O.

B.C.F.
B.C.F.

R.A. Scapa -

5th Subdivision

R.A. Scapa -

Badger -
Narborough -

Flags Zif/z(i(/ one point. First turn to port

W/T Priority. For S.N.O. Blyth. Your 1540,
May 31st. Yes.

Flags Alter course in succession 16 points to port.

Destroyers preserve compass bearings and

distances.

W/T 1 If Royal Sovereign is not on North shore

I she is to occupy B 5 berth, Austraha

i C 5 berth.

S.L. i Collect Destroyers, ease down to suitable

speed and return to base at 7.30 p.m.
S.L. Can you give me any information as to
the last that was seen of Nestor, Nomad
and Onslow?
Reply : Nomad appeared to be disabled
between B.C.F. Nothing was seen of
Nestor after she had reported having
fired her four torpedoes at Battle
Cruisers. Onslow was completely dis-
abled and being towed by Defender.
About midnight last night a large
Cruiser opened fire in rear of flotilla
slightly damaging Petard, several killed
and wounded. Turbulent, the last of
the line, was not seen again and I fear
was totallj' disabled and sunk.

APPENDIX II.

53S

Despatch.

From

Sys-
tem.

Message.

I l^rue

of
Origin.

L JUNE
6.50 p.m.

-cont.
S.O. 5th B.S.

S.O. 1st B.S.

C.-in-C.

5th B.S.

Flags J Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

5th Subdivision Flags ' Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots

General

Commodore F.

C.-in-C.

S.L.

8.O. B.C.F. -

General

Sem.
and

C.-in-C.
Rosyth.

Engacline

W/T
W/T

S.O. B.C.F. -

2nd Division -

Sem.

Commodore F.

C.-in-C.

S.L.

Mischief

7.0 — Nessus

Captain D12 - '. S.L.

Sem. . It weather is at all thick rear subdivisions
are not to open to two miles from leading
I subdivisions but are to keep close up, the
j same apphes to 5 th B.S. if astern of 6th
! Subdivision.
With reference to my 1700. I am now in
W T communication with Broke on D
wave.
I shall increase speed to 21 knots at
7. .SO p.m.

Enemy Submarines reported at noon to-
day in vicinity Firth of Forth. Also
Enemy Submarine 1430 in 55 50' X.,
0 55' W.

Take station astern three miles before
dark as convenient. I shall proceed at
21 knots at 7.30 p.m.

Further reply re casualties. Castor —
Officers nil, men 12 killed, 23 wounded.
Onslaught — Captain injured, 1st Lieu-
tenant killed, and Gunner killed. Obedi-
ent— Captain injured, 1st Lieutenant killed.
Nessus — 6 wounded. Onslaught pro-
ceeded to base 5 a.m. to-day. Remainder
of Destroyers in company, nil.

Mischief rejoining 12th Flotilla

Bellona

7.0 — Commodore F . General

7.0 — S.O. 1st B.S. C.-in-C. -

7.0 — C.-in-C. - , General

S.N.O. Har- \ Admiralty

wich.
Commodore F.

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F,

Hardji and Owl

General

S.O. 2nd and
3rd L.C.S.

S.O. 1st L.C.S.' 1st L.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F.

S.O. 1st L.C.S.

S.L. Can you please give me a 6 o'clock posi-
tion? Reply r 57- 38' N., 4 0' E. at
6 p.m.

S.L. Screens for the night : 1st Subdivision — -
Ossory, Martial, Magic, Castor, Minion.
2nd Subdivision — Marne, Milbrook, Man-
ners, Kem2)enfelt, Morning Star. 3rd
Subdivision — Mystic, Mons, Mandate,
Opal, Oak. 4th Subdivision — Five of
12th. 6th Subdivision — Five of 12th.

W/T ' My first position must be erroneous. I now
think 57 59' N., 3 43' E. Am turning
Southward to test this.
Flags Silence and attention . . . .

L/T Submarine E. 53 arrived

W/T I Hardy to proceed independently direct to

Scapa Flow for fuel.
Flags Alter course leading ships together rest

in succession to N. 49 W.
S.L. Clo.se your squadrons in before dark,
and Stations for the night : 3rd L.C.S. five
W/T miles from Lion; 2nd L.C.S., E. five

miles from 3rd L.C.S.
S.L. Admiral intends to proceed at 21 knots.

I Negative zigzag.
S.L. 1st L.C.S. clo.se in before dark and increase
distance to fi\e miles ahead. Spread
as Submarine .screen again at daylight.

1835

1805

1853

1710

1855

1845

1850

1830

1516

1907

1900

534

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of |
Despatch'

Fioin

1 JUNE —cunt.

7. 10 p.m.| C.-in-C. - General -

7.15 — iS.O. SrdL.C.S. Light Cruiaera-

7.18— i>.0.4thL.C.S.' 4th L.C.S.

7.20 — C.-in-C. - General

7.20 — j Hampshire S O. 2)ul C.S.-

7.20— i S.O. B.C.F. - S.O. 2ndB.C.S.
7.23

7.25
7.25
7.26
7.30

7.30 —

S.0.2ndB.C.S.! Ophelia and
Xarbo rough.

Revenge - i —

S.O. 2nd B.S. 1st Division -

S.O. 5th B.S. C.-in-C.

C.-in-C. - , S.Os. oi

Squadrons,
Attached
i Cruisers,
I S.O. 4th L.C.S.

S.0.2ndL.C.S. S.O. B.C.F.

Flags
S.L.
Flags
Flags
S.L.

S.L.
S.L.

Divisions separately liorm single line-
ahead in sequence of fleet numbers.

I Neyatice zigzag. Admiral intends to pro-
ceed at 19^ knots.
Alter course together to N. 49 W. 'Reform
! on Connts.

Guides to bear abeam oi Guide of fleet.
Columns to be l^ miles apart.

Non.siic/i and Acasta 1! . htj S. two miles
report that they are all right and steaming
about 7h knots.
I Send your destroyers to Badger at
7.30 p.m.
Join Badger. Reply from Ophelia : Can
you tell me where Badger is? Reply :
Close to Lion.
Remarks : 5th B.S. sighted

Flags I Admiral intends to proceed at 14 knots
S.L. : Revenge bearing East from Barham

1910

1918

1912

! W/T

S.L.

Berths in A line : 1 Malaya, 3 Superb,
4 Canada, 6 Barham ; B line : 1 to 4
4th Subdivision, 5 Royal Sovereign ; C
line : 1 to 4 6ih Subdivision, 5 Australia ;
D hne : 1 to 4 Revenge, Royal Oak, Her-
cules, Agincourt : E line : 2nd Sub-
division : F line : 1st Subdivision ; Y
line : 1 to 5 4th L.C.S. ; X lin : 2 to 5
Blanche, Active, Bellona, Boadicea ;
Cruisers, Ehne : 5, 6 and 7 and F 5 and 6.

Dublin's damage just reported extensive.
She should not complete with fuel until
after examination.

1725
1855

1912

7.30 — I Co7timodore T.

7.30— I S.O. B.C.F. -

7.30— \s.0.3rdL.C,S.
7.30— C.-in-C.

7.35 —
7.35 —
7.35 —

Commodore T.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
C.-in-C.

35— \ S.O.dthL.C.S.

General -
General

Light Cruisers-

S.Os. and
R.A.'s of
Squadrons,
Blanche and
Active.

General -

1st Division -

Commodore F.

4th L.C.S.

Flags ! Alter course in succession to N.W. by N.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots.
Flags \ Admiral intends to proceed at 21 knots.
I Destroyers proceed in execution of
previous orders.
S.L. Admiral intends to proceed at 21 knots

S.L. I When divisions are formed columns will
remain 11 miles apart until it gets dark
or thick and then open vpithout orders.
While divisions are li miles apart
Blanche and Active are to be eight cables
from Iron Duke.

Flags ■ Alter cintr.'^e in s7iccession to N. 77 W.

Flags I Admiral intends to proceed at 1 7 knots -

S.L. ' What is Broke's position, has she any
other Destroyers in company?
i Reply : Broke's position at noon, 57 49'
N., 3 50' E., course N.W., speed 7 knots.
She is damaged forward. Should like
escort if available.

Flags Admiral intends to proceed ta 18 knots

191C

1938
2045

APPENDIX II.

535

From

I — conl.

I Bellerophon -

Lapwing
Captain D12-

C.-in-C. and
S.O. 4th B.S.

S.O. B.C.F.

Sys-
tem.

Sem.

S.L.

Message.

Commodwe F. S.L.

S.O.MiL.C.^. 4th L.C'.S.

Flags

Following received by W/T. C.-in-C.
Rosyth to Campania. Enemy Submarines
were reported at noon to-day in the
vicinity oi Firth oli Forth, also Enemy
Submarines 2.30 p.m. in Lat. 57 11' N.
{Long, minsed through interference.)

Submit have only just got enough oil to
go at this speed.

From Broke to Captain D12. My position
1200, 57 49' N., 3 60' E., course N.W.,
speed 7 knots. Damage forward, would
like escort if available. Can you send
escort ? I have only three of 12th Flotilla
with me screening 5th Division.
{Passed to C.-in-C.)

Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots

Time

of
Origin.

1710

1835

— S.O. l&t B.S. 5th Subdivision] Flags Admiral intetids to j)roceed at 19 knots

Commodore F. Minion -
- 8.0. B.C.F. - i Captain D13 -
' — Commodore F. Broke

Carnoustie S.S Admiralty

S.O. Ist B.S. Malava

S.L. Take position midway between E. and ■^- - ! —

C.-in-C.

S.O. 1st B.S.

S.O.SrdL.C.S. 3rd L.C.S.
S.0.2ndL.C.S.\ 2nd L.C.S.
S.O. Cruisers \ Cruisers

S.N.O. Har- , Admiralty

vvich. I

S.0.2ndL.C.S.\ 2nd L.C.S.

W/T Exchange position, course and speed with
Badger.

W/T : Indicate your position. What Destroyers
have you with you in company ?

L/T ■ 1st, 7.28 p.m., a large threo-funnelled
Destroyer. Onslaught on bow, bearing
E.S.E., steering S., eight knots. Did
not reply to challenge but made follow-
ing signal. Reply destroyed by giuifire
in action. Then vessel was lost in mist
going South.

S.L. What is course and speed of fleet? Are
you ahead or astern of battlefleet?
Reply : Fleet in 2nd organisation.
Divisions in line-ahead, columns disposed
abeam to starboard, columns 1^ miles
' apart, course N. 4:9 W., speed 17 knots.
I Colossus ahead of Barham.

W/T My position 7 p.m., 57 5R' N., 3 50' E.,
passing through positicn 58° 52' N.,
0 0' E., at approximately 3 a.m. Keep
Northvpard of this line.

F.L. / am turning to close Lion

S.L. Aly speed is 19 knots ....

S.L. If Warrior is not seen ships are to turn
together eight points to starboard at 8.15
p.m. At 8.45 p.m. ships tvill turn eight
points to starboard again. At 9.15 ships
will turn 16 points together and then
form single line-ahead on Minotaur in
the order from which they spread. Open
order, course W. by N. 16 knots. No
further signal will be made. Repeat back
from out in.

L;T Sxibmarines E. 31 and D. 6 arrived

S.L. Form single line-ahead in sequence of fleet
numbers.

1921
1940

1940

1912

1940

1948

5;j6

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch,

1 JUNE - cont.
7.59 p.m C.-in-C.

I Rosyth.
8.0 — C.-in-C.

A (I I n i I'M 1 1 \

W/T Lydiaid, Landrail, Liberty arrivefl

8.0 —

8.7 -

8.11 —

Commodore F. S.J..

Nonsuch

Ahdiel

Naval Centre,
Rosyth.

Laforey

C.-in-C, Com-
modore F.

Adiiiiialt \

W/T

L/T

Marlborough - .Seiii.

.12 —

S.O. 1st B.S. C.-ia-C.

W/T

Have you heard anything oi Nestor,

Onslow, Nomad or Turbulent? Reply :

No, nothing heard.
My 7 p.m. position with Acasia in tow

57 8' N., 2 45' E., course W., speed

li knots.
Remarks : Abdiel made fast to buoy

H.M.S. Termagant leports four Enemy
Destroyers steering E. 30 miles from May
Island. H.M.S. Termagant losing touch
as her speed is reduced to 15 knots.

(Cancelled 10.20 ij.m. by following signal :
— Naval Centre, Rosyth, to Admiralty.
It is now considered that these were
Destroyers of local flotilla.)

Submitted. Could you please give me
any details of action as Officers and men
are longing to hear news? Reply to
Destroyers : Enemy losses known —
Roon, one Cruiser, one flotilla leader
and two Destroyers simk or badly
damaged. Our losses known are —
Warrior abandoned, Acasta and one
Light Cruiser badly damaged. Alarl-
borough struck by mine or torpedo.
Warspite reducefl to 16 knots. Other
ships slightly damaged. There were
several night actions result not known,
but a Light Cruiser was seen to blowup.
Enemy torpedo attack failed. Marl-
borough got some hits on Kaiser and
Markgraf. This morning Fearless and
Marlborough drove off scouting Zeppelin.
A'isibility yesterday was four to six
miles and \pry jiatchy. Touch was lost
with Enemy battlefleet at 11.30 p.m.,
but we heard distant firing during the
forenoon to-day. Galatea first reported
Enemy Cruisers at 2.20 p.m. and led
them towards battlefleet to North-
westward. Enem,>- turned South 3.45
p.m. and were shortl^■ after engaged by
B.C.F. and 5th B.S." Enemy Cruisers
joined eight Kaisers about 5 p.m. and
turned North. Grand Fleet deployed
between B.C.F. and 5th B.S. and opened
fire about 8.20 p.m. Eight other
German BattleshiiDS sighted but were
not engaged. Enemy drew off about
8.30 p.m.

Two miles astern of VaUant. What
position do you wish me to take up for
the night?

Reply : Request that you will remain
there for the night. Form divisions in
line-ahead disposed abeam to starboard
at early dawn. Ship ahead of you
Malaya.

1900
1958

1845

1930

1955
2101

APPENDIX II,

537

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

Froi

1 JUNE — cord.
S.l.jp.in. S.O. 1st B.S. Faulkiior

8.17— j C.-in-C. Admiralty

I Rosyth. j

8.17— S.O. l.stL.C.^. 1'<I L.C.S.

8.18— S.O. 2nd C.S. C.-in-C.

8.20 — Opal - - CoiiD/ioflore F.

8.24— S.().:irdL.C.S. C'anteiburv -

8.30— Malaya - S.O. oth B.i).-

8.30 — Commodore F. .S.O. 2nd B.S.-

— C.-in-C.

S.O, 2nd B.S.,
R.A. 1st B.S.

— S.0.4thL.C.S. 4th L.C.S.

\'aliant

Sys-
tern.

S.L.
L T

K.I..
W T
vS.L.

S.L.

.25 — Shantion - .S.O. -ind C.S.- S.L.

.25— Malaya . - .S.O. 5th B.S.- S.L.

F.L.
■S.L.

F.L.

C,-iii-C. Kosyth W/T

Message.

Takf? yourDe.stroyersand form astern of

.5th B.S.
35 Officers and 685 men snrvivora from

W'airioi- will arrive Rosyth in Engadine

7 a.m. Friday, 2nd June. Propose to

retain them at Rosyth pending further

directions.
('lose ill and form single Uiie-ahead by

0.:i() p.m.
Nonsuch and Acasta 1900, 67 8' N.,

2 44' E., about 7-5 knots, all well.

Oak, Opal, Sable, Menace, Minister on
starboard side of Iron Duke's column.
A mbuscade port side. Mischief, Narwhal
Nessus, Mindful, Mary Rose .screening .
Colossus column.

C.-in-C. directs j'ou to leturn to Harwich.
You can proceed as soon as convenient.
My estimated position at 8 p.m. is 57
8' X., 3 43' E. Have you the necessary i
charts for channel?

Reply : Have got necessary charts. Re- I
quest permission to proceed.

Reply from R.A. : Approved. (Uad to
have had your company for a short
time. Reply from Canterbury : Many
thanks. Glad to ha\-e been with you.

By observaticm and Engadine's cypher re
Warrior\s 2JOsition when abandoned
Warrior was 10 miles on Shannon s <
starboard beam at 7 p.m.

Owing to the increa-i-ed motion, oil from
damaged bunkers is finding its way into \
air space of A stokehold and slight leaks 1
to stokehold. The turning about seems to i
aggravate matters. If possible submit I \
may not turn too much.

As a precautionary measure have already ,
draiL'u fires in A boiler. Malaya can steam |
about 20 without A. \

Starboard side will be clear for fleet turn-
ing 16 points when flotilla forms astern j
of 2nd B.S.

Time

of
Origin.

S.L. Open to two miles

When signal to take up night cruising
disposition is made Ith L.C.S. will form
single line-ahead on Calliope.

Expect to arrixe at Rosyth between 7
a.m. and 8 a.m. on 2nd of Jiuie. Re-
quirements : oil fuel 1,340 tons, one
21-in. R.G.F. torpedo Mark 2***,
gyroscope A.D.A. 5 degrees short relea.se
and warhead, amatol for same, 15-in.
A. P. 289, 15-in. common shell 10, 6-in.
lyddite shell 84, 6-in. common shell 8.
Request instructions as to returning
empties.

2010
2000

2010

2015

2033
2040

2010

1910
2026

2025

2030

1820

538

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Tinif of

Despatch. I

From

1 JUNE '„„/.
8.35 p.m. Cyclops

Princetown

W/T

8.50

Commodore F. C.-in-C.

S.L.

Christopher

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

S.O. 1st B.S.

S.O. 5th B.S.-

S.L.

Cochrane

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

S.L.

C.-in-C.

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

W/T

Aberdeen

R.A. Inver-
gorden.

W,T

S.O. B.C.F. - C.-in-C. Rosyth W/T

C.-in-C. S.O. B.C.F. - —
Rosyth ,

S.O. B.C.F. - C.-in-C. Rosyth W;T

Badger - Captain D13- W/T

C.-in-C. Admiialty - L/T

Rosyth.
R.A. Scapa Princetown - W/T

S.0.2ndB.C.S. I S.O. B.C.F. - S.L.

Marlborough General - Flags

Faulknor - S.O. 1st B.S. - S.L.

i
S.O.ithL.C.S. 4th L.C.S. • < F.L.

Message.

For injiormation oi C.-in-C. by inter-
ception. Weather report from Rosyth,
Immingham and Harwich respectively.
Wind South- West. Weather dull (mainly
c. and 0.), maximum 29.67. Weather
report based on observations at 1 p.m.
Wind force at surface of ground,
moderate (Beaufort 3 and 4), cloudy,
showers, barometer 30.14 falling, tem-
perature 63, wind South-West, force
moderate or fresh (Beaufort 4-5) — — —
(i)iterfere)ice).

Reports of May 31st. Onslaught unable
to steam in tow of Defender. Defender
two boilers out of action. Nestor, all
torpedoes fired, speed reduced to 17 knots.
Garland escorting Achates to Tyne. No
other reports.

Submit I have not enough oil to get in at
21 knots.

T am going 19 knots and have stationed
Destroyers astern of 5th B.S. for the
night.

With reference to Sha7inon''s 2010. I agree
with /lis position.

Take up night stations now -

For C.-in-C, from Rosyth. Priority. Term-
agant reports four Enemy Destroyers
steering E. 30 miles from May Island,
7.60 p.m., losing touch.

Re 2022 Aberdeen to R.A. Invergordon.
Can any reliance be placed on this
report?

Replj' : No, four of local flotilla were in
this position painted grey. Please give
your 3 a.m. position and covu«e. All
available Destroyers be sent to escort.

My position, course and speed at 3 a.m.
will be 56 34' X., 0^ 38' W., S. 89' W.,
21 knots.

My position, course and speed 2000,
57' 12' N., 4 49' E., S. 89' W., 13
knots. Destroyers of 13th Flotilla in
company. Narborough, Nerissa, Pelican
returned to base to oil.

Petard and Nicator arrived

For C.-in-C. Rosyth reports. With refer-
ence to my message K. 68 three or four
Submarines appear to be in the vicinity
of Firth of Forth. Coastguard wireless.

Request anclior berths for 2nd Division.
Reply : B. 12, B. 13 and B. 14 unless
C.-in-C. Rosyth orders otherwise.
Alter course in succession to West by

North.
Submit is Revenge remaining in present
1 position? Reply : Revenge is leading
I the line and 5th B.S. taking station
I astern of 5th SubcUvision.
! Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

Time

of
Origui.

1300

2020

1916

2035
2025
2022

2139

225<t

0121
2025

20<K)
1515

1930

APPENDIX n.

539

Message.

1 JUNE —cont.
8.52 p.m. Valiant

8.57 — S.O. .5th B.S. S.O. 1st B.S. | S.L.

i
8.59 — C.-in-C. - I R.A. Scapa - W/T

Time

of
Origin.

1920

9.0
9.0

Marlborough , Geneial - F.L.

Caroline - C.-in-C. - i F.L.

C.-in-C.

R.A. Scapa W/T

9.4 — I C.-in-C. - I S.O. 4th L.C.S.
9.10— \S.0.4thL.C.S.\ 4th L.C.S.

9.10— C.-in-C.

9.12

C.-in-C.

9.16— S.G. 4th B.S.
9.18 — Marlborough

I S.O. 2nd B.S.
Commodore F.

4th Subdivision
C.-in-C.Rosyth

9.20 — S.0.2ndL.C.S:\ Dublin ■

9.27 — R.A. Scapa - Aberdeen

9.29 — R.A. Scapa R.A. Inver-
j gordon.

9.30 — 1 S.O. 2nd C.S. Cochrane

F.L.

Sem.
S.L.

F.L.

W/T

W/T
AA' T

\\'/T
S.L.

Preparatory signal for entering Firth of
Forth. OneBattleshipandtwoDestroyers
expecting to arrive within gun range
of Inchkeith 5.15 a.m. Request outer j
gate at 6 a.m. and that berths be allotted. |

Permission to form astern of 5th Sub- | —
division as ordered. Reply : .Approved.

Iron Duke, 1st B.S. less Marlborough, 2026
2nd and 4th B.S. less Emperor ol India,
Revenge, Royal Oak, 4th L.C.S. Blanche,
Bellona, Active require to complete with
fuel. Colliers, etc., to proceed alongside on
arrival. Approximate amounts required, j .
Battleships 900 tons each, Light and
Attached Cruisers 400 tons each.

At 2150 course will be altered to N. 24' W. —
without further signal.

Your 1830 to Captain D13. We passed 2040
some bodies and lifebuoy marked Tur- i
bulent at 8 a.m. to-day. I

Urgent. For S.N.O. Peterhead. Request ' 2041
trawler unit may be sent to screen |
H.M.S. Nonsuch towing H.M.S. Acasta ]

! dsabled to Aberdeen. Position 7 p.m.
to-night 1st June 57 8' N., 2 44' E.,

, course W., 7 * 5 knots for Aberdeen.

4th L.C.S. increase speed of engines and
take station ahead four miles of battle-
fleet.

Form single line-ahead in sequence of fleet
numbers. Admiral intends to proceed at
19 knots.

Do not get inside distance : it crowds 2100
screen.

Am asking for trawler unit to screen 2042
Nonsuch.

At 9.30 p.m.. speed 10 knots uithout 2115

further signal.
Request latest infomaation re swept 2025

channels in Firth of Forth. Reply:

Outer line Y and Z thoroughly. All

main coast lines and approaches.
It is quite possible my WjT will carry 2115
i away during the night. Look out if

necessary for WjT signals to ansner calls

for me and pass thein hi/ '-isttal.
For information of C.-in-C. by iater- 1955

ception. H.M.S. Achilles delayed until

Sunday 4th June p.m. Addressed to i

V.A. 2nd C.S., Admiralty, S.N.O. North !
[ Shields. I

From C.-in-C. Rosyth to C.-in-C. Laurel 1800

arrived. I

! Keep in open order - - - - -2136

540

APPENDIX 11.

Date,

Time of
Despatcli.

Kr.

'lo

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

I °^.
'Origin.

1 JUNE roHt.

!».:u>p.in. C.-in-C.

{).'M

R.A. Scapa

0..'i2 — Cochrane

S.O.s 1st, 2nd, \\/'J' Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots - —

4th. 5th,B.S.,

R.A.s 1st and

2nd B.S.,

S.O., 4th

L.C.S., Com-
modore F.,

Captain D12,

and attached

Cruisers. ' \

R.A. Inver- \N' T For C.-in-C. Visibility 10 miles - - 2000

sordon.

S.ii. -Jnfl C.S

9.32 —

9.39 —

9.40 —
9.40 —

S.O. 5th B.S. Malaya -

I
S.O. 2nd B.S. ; Commodore F. Horn.

Commodore T. General - - P\L.

Admiralty - C.-in-C, - W/T

9.4;

S.O. 1st B.S. Bellona -

Princess Royal N.O. HJ '. F.

D(jckyard,
Ro.s"vth.

9.56 — Commodore T. General -

V\'/'r Can hear niunerous German H'jT signals,

medium strength.
Sem. Would it be possible to steam with B, C
and D boiler rooms only 'f What speed
could Malaya go with two boiler rooms ?
Drop astern at 9.45 p.m. without further

orders.
Admiral intends to jyroceed at 14 knots

Enemy claim to have destroyed War-
spite, Queen Mary, Indefatigable, two
Armoured Cruisers with four fimnsls,
two small Cruisers and 10 Destroyers.
False reports will shortly be promul-
gated requiring prompt contradiction.
Report losses ascertained and vessels
not accounted for.
F.L. Take station astern of St. \'incent -

9.50 — ' Commodore F. Minion -

9.50— Admiralty - C.-in-C.Rosyth ^ L/T

S.L. Folloiv me. I shall lead the starboard column

9..50— S.O. B.C. F. Prinre.-.^- Ro>,'al F.L

9.50

9.55 — Adlniralt^

Following has been sent to jNIarlborough.
Proceed to Rosyth for temporary re-
pairs. Marlborough's draught is 39 feet.

Reply : Following received from Commo-
dore Supt. Rosyth. As it is questionable
whether Marlborough with her 39 feet
reported draught can be taken into
and docked though it might be possible
by tipping up basin and alternative is for
her to remain and be docked down in
dock which has no blocks, it would
appear that question of sending her to a
floating dock should be considered if
one is availal)le.

(Received by Admiralty 1.33 a.m. June
'2nd.)

Your fore steaming light ix burning

F.L. Please shov: shaded stern light

L/T

F.L.

DexonjDort directed to send at once to
Rosyth a Constructive, also an Engineer
Officer well acquainted with details of
Marll)orough to examine defects with
j'ou. Report whether men and materials
are required from southern yards.
Draught of ship reported estimated as
39 feet.

Keeji a look out for Enemy Destroyers

2130

2135

2140

2L50

2100

2148

2155

APPENDIX II,

541

Date,

Time of

l^e-spatch.

Fioiu

Sys-
tem.

1 JUNE
9.50 p.m.

— COHt.

C.-in-C.

Broke -

\V,'I'

9.59 —

C.-in-C.

Active -

W'/T

10.0 —

C.-in-C.

Broke -

W/T

10.2 —

( 'otninodore F.

Ossory -

S.L.

10.5 —

Broke -

(.'oiiiinodore F.

W/T

10.5 —

Marlborough

Fearless

F.L.

10.5 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

10.8 —
10.10 —

Cmmnodore F.
C.-in-C.

Marshal and

Muijic.
S.O. B.C.F -

S.L.

W/T

10.10 —

Commodore F.

Kei»penfelt •

W:T

10.13 —

C.-in-C.

Admiralty

WjT

10.15 —

Adiniralty -

Dockyard,
Devonport.

L/T !

10.15 —

C.-in-C.

R.A. 1st B.S.

W/T

10.15 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

2nd L.C.S. -

S.L.

10.23 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

C.-in-C.

W/T

10.25 —

C.-in-C.
Rosyth.

S.O. B.C.F. -

W/T

;
1

■

Message.

I Time

I °^
(Origin.

Burn navigation lights, fleet is closing you 2127

Active to drop astern at daylight and look 2154
for Broke, damaged forward. Two
Destroyers will be sent when she is
located. Take anti-Submarine precau-
tion. Communicate direct with Broke as
to her position.

Active is being sent to you at dawn 2144

Keep on in// port betini ... - —

My position 21(}0, 58'' JO' N., 2'' 46' E., 2123
course N. 50 W., speed 7 knots, no ships
in co))ipany.

Please let me know at 11 ]).m. what you 2150
make our mean course?

Reply : Mean course N. 24 W. - - 2300

Termagant reports four Enemy Destroyers 2120
steering E., 30 miles from May Island,
7.50 p.m., lost touch. If true these are
probably Minelayers.

Keep well closed up - - - - —

Regret to inform you that Caroline re- 2145
ports passing some bodies and lifebuoys
marked Turbulent at 8 a.m. to-day
1st June.

1 am lendiiif/ .starboard column. Do like- 2145

wise.

Reference my 1428. No Battle Cruisers 2130
require docking, only Marlborough, War-
spite, Malaya and probably Barham.

Direct a Constructive and also an Engineer ■ 2215
Officer well acquainted with details of
Marlborough to proceed at once to |
Rosyth to examine defects with Commo- 1
dore Supt.

Revenge is remaining two miles astern of 2128
Malaya for the night.

Admiral intends to proceed at 21 knots - —

My position 10 p.m., Lat. 67 22' N., 2205
Long. 6 02' E., N. 79 W., 16 knots,
turning at 1 a.m. to renew search.

Reply : Warrior's position a.m. to-day 2358
Thursday, 57 21' N. 3 2' E., and not
as given in my 1545 of to-day Thursday.

All arrangements have been made for 2027
your ships to enter and defences warned.
Lines Y and Z have both been swept
twice to-day, Thursday. Swept again
at dawn to-morrow, Friday. Patrols
disposed arovind entrances in accord-
ance with Rosyth Secret Memorandum
057/11 of 1916. I will send any avail-
able Destroyers of seagoing flotilla to
screen you at rlawn when your position
is known.

542

APPENDIX II.

1 JUNE -rout.

lo.:j(tp.m. Commodore T

C.-in-C. -

10.38 — C.-in-C. i Admiralty

Hnsyth. [

10.40— Broke- - i C.-in-C. -

10.41

10.47

10.57

11.0

11.1

11.6
11.17
1 1.19
11.23

1 1.30

11.35

11.40

S.N.O. Aber- Admiralty

deen i

S.O. 1st B.S. I C.-in-C. -

R.A. Scapa - Aberdeen

S.0.4thL.C.S.\ 4thL.C.S.

I
Admiralty - Grand Fleet -

R.A. Scapa - Aberdeen

R.A. Inver- R.A. Scapa -

gordon. I

C.-in-C. - Commodore F.

Canterbury - C.-in-C.

C.-in-C. - Commodore T.

I
S.O. 3rd B.S. ; Admiralty -

W/T

L/T

L/T
W/T
W/T
F.L.

W/T

W/T
W/T
W/T

W/T

R.A. Scapa ; R.A. Inver- ' W/T
gordon.

Fearless

Marlborough

W/T

With reference to message timed 2022
from Aberdeen, my position 8 p.m.,
56 7' N., 4 37' E., course N. 57 W.,
15 knots. Propose turning back to inter-
cept Enemy at daylight on meridian of
4° 30 E.

Onslaught and Morris arrived -

2205

2130

W/T i Course N. 60 W. I am alright in present i 2200
weather. ,

Unity arrived - - - - 2230

I am in my correct night cruising station 2218

From C.-in-C. Rosyth for C.-in-C. Petard, 2015
Nicator and Abdiel arrived.

Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots

Svibmarines in the North Sea have been
reported as follows: 31st May, 8 a.m.,
Lat. 57" 36'N.,Long. 0 15' W.: 1st June,
Lat.57 20' N.,Long. 1^ 03' W. ; 31st May.
7 a.m., Lat. 56^ 05' N., Long. 1° 15' W.,
going South ; 1st June, 1 p.m., Lat.
55" 47' N., Long. 1° 04' W. ; 31st May,
7.30 a.m.,Lat.54 57' N., Long. 0" 49' E.;
1st June, p.m., Lat. 54^ 04' N., Long.
1" 28' E. ; 1st June, 10 p.m., pro-
ceeding South from Forth ; 1st June,
6 p.m., proceeding West from Lat.
56° 00' N., Long. 6" 03' E. ; 1st June,
5.30 p.m., Lat. 56° 48' N.,Long. 100'
W. ; 1st June, 9.30 a.m., Lat. 56° 40'
N.. Long. 0° 40' W. ; 1st .June, noon,
Lat. 56 26' N., Long. 1 43' W.

For C.-in-C. Weather reports. Rosyth —
wind W.N.W. moderate, weather dull,
sea smooth, barometer 29.65. Shotley —
9 p.m., barometer 30.05, temperature —
64, wind S.W. moderate, weather fair.
Immingham — 9 p.m., wind W.S.W.
moderate or fresh, weather fair, baro-
meter 29.80.

H.M.S. Emperor of India midocked

Priority. Destroyers resume screen

My position 11 p.m. 56 27' N., 2 28' E.,

course S. 54 W., 22 knots.
Four T.B.Ds. off May Island are local

T.B.Ds. If no further news of Enemy

return to base.
Permission to proceed into Medway p.m.

to-morrow Friday.
Reply : Approved.
For C.-in-C. Rosyth reports in Lat,

55 50' N., Long. 0 55' W., Nicator had

torpedo fired at her 2.30 p.m.
Albatross to Marlljorough. Submit I am

unable to keep up with you on account

of bad weather.

2300

1205
2311
2305
2323

2300

0800
1831

2300

APPENDIX II.

543

Message.

1 JUNE —cont.

11.43p.m. S.O. B.C.F. C.-in-C.Rosyth

W/T

S.(J.3rdL.C.S. ! C.-in-C.Rosyth

Marlborough Destroyers

C.-in-C. - Active -

i
I i

11.57 — ^ Commodore F. Destroyers

W/T

F.L.

W/T

2 JUNE

12.0 mid-
night.
12.0 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.
Marlborough

2nd C.S.
General

S.L.
F.L.

12.15 a.m.
12.20 —
12.25 —
12.28 —

Marlborough
C.-in-C.Ro.syth
Marlborough
Marlborough

General
Admiralty
General
C.-in-C.

F.L.
L/T
F.L.

W/T

Commodore F.

Kenipenfelt,
Opal, Mis-
chief.

W/T

R.A. Scapa -

R.A. Inver-
gordon.

W/T

C.-in-C.

R.A. Inver-
gordon.

W/T

C.-in-C.

S.O.M.S.

W/T

S.0.2ndL.C.S. 2nd L.C.S. - '
Marlborough C-in-C. Rosyth;

F.L.

W/T

I Time

of
Origin.

Preparatory signal tor entering Firth of 2315
Forth, 18 ships, no Destroyers, wish to i
enter. Xeading shijis arrive gun range i
Inchkeith 6.45 a.m. 5th 13. S. and three \
ships of B.C.F. have l)een detached !
since leaving harbour. Indomitable. |
Inflexible hav^e joined since leaving
harboiu-. Request latest information re
swept channels.

Squadron requires to complete with coal ; 2325
on arrival, (iOO tons, 4 colliers, 150 tons
oil. Ammunition required : -2 of outfit.

Report if you cannot keep up on account
of weather.

Following is received from Broke. My 2215
position at 9 p.m. 58 10' N., 2 46' E.,
course N. 50" W., speed 7 knots, no j
ships in company.

Form .screen according to No. 4 diagram. ! —
Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots.

Alter covrse in succession four points to —
starboard.

Alter course in succes.sion to W. Admiral ' —
intends to proceed at 10 knots.

Alter course in succession to W.S.W. - —

Termagant arrived .... 0000

Alter covirse in succession to S.W. by W. —

Urgent. Position 54 40' N., 0 53' E„ 0000
owing to bad weather water is gaining.
Making for Flamborough Head at
10 knots.

Reply from Admiralty : Approved. R.A. 0125
East Coast will be ordered to send tugs
to meet you off Flamborough Head.
You should go to Humber for temporary i
repairs.

Are you resuming screen ? Replies : Opal, \ 0020
yes. Mischief, screen resumed. Kempen- i
felt, yes. \

A 71 for C.-in-C. 249. Submarine reported 1956
from Rosyth by Express in 56 15' N., ;
1 31' W., at 5.60 a.m., steering W. ^
Coastguard wireless, Aberdeen.

Send Soudan and Berbice to Scapa, leaving 0445
at daylight.

Priority. Sloops are to return to base, 2300
passing Pentland Skerries after 10.30
a.m. Until further orders one Sloop is to ;
be detailed for Noss Head patrol and two
detailed to take place of Destroyers which
support armed boarding steamers to the
eastward during the night. !

Admiral intends to proceed at 10 knots - j —

Preparatory signal for entering Firth of 2330
Forth. One Battleship, one LightCruiser,
seven Destroyers expect to arri\'e within |
gun range of Inchkeith at 1330 to- j
moirow Friday. Request outer gate j
and inner gates be opened at 1420 and
1435 respectively. Marlborough's esti-
mated draught 39 feet.

544

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

2 JUNE \—cont.

12.47 a.m.j Marlborough , Fearless and S.L.
Destroyers.

S.0.2ndL.C.S.
S.O. Cruisers

2nd L.C.S.
Cruisers

F.L.
F.L.

S.O. B.C.F. , C.-in-C. Rosyth W/T

8.0.2)ulL.C.S. S.O. B.C.F.and W/T
2nd L.C.S.

R.A. 1st B.S. ' 6th Subdivision Flags
S.O. B.C.F. i S.O. 1st, 2nd W/T
and 3rdL.C.S.

R A. Cyclops R.A. Inver- W/T

gordon.
C.-in-C. - Cyclops - - ' W/T

Marlborough I Tynemouth W/T

via Fearless I Signal Station ,

C.-in-C.
C.-in-C.
Lightfoot

Engadine
S.O. .-)th B.S.

S.O. B.C.F.

Active
Active

W/T

Commodore T. W/T

R.A. Scapa

S.0.2nd B.C.S.,
S.O.'s 1st, 2nd,
and 3rd L.C.S.

W/T

Message.

Be prepared to come alongside port side
of Marlborough to take off ship's com- i
pany.
Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots
Alter course in succession four points to

starboard. \

Shall require following ammimition vide
Rosvth Confidential General Order
No. "28 :—

Lyddite A. P.
0 321

170 170

48 98

19 10

1st, 2nd and 3rd L.C.S. one quarter.
Following ships have wounded vide
Rosyth Port Order No

Lion

New Zealand

Indomitable

Inflexible

Common

0
7t)
29
o8

261

Lion

Princess Royal

Tiger

Dublin

Southampton

3
U
31
0
0

23
38
10
19

Oalatea not ascertained.

My present speed is 15 knots for repairing
damage, nothing serious. 2nd L.C.S.
proceed at 21 knots, Southampton will
follow.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

Report number of hospital cases in ships
of 1st and 3rd L.C.S. in accordance
with R.P.O. 261, Clause 9. Reply :
1st L.C.S., nil ; 3rd L.C.S., nil ; 2nd
L.C.S., Southampton 0, 22, 10; Notting-
ham, nil : Dublin 0, 10, 2.

For C.-in-C. Visibility five miles -

For S.N.O, Humber. Marlborough in
position 54 40' N., 0 53' E., steering iox
Flamborough Head, requires assistance
to make the Humber. Send powerful
tugs to her.

My position 54' 40' N., 0 53' E., making
for Flamborough Head. Require assist-
ance of tugs urgentlj-.

My position is 58 38' N., 1 0' E.

W/T Proceed in execution of previous orders

Submit mistook one of our Destroyers for
the Enemy, am rejoining. Please show
navigation lights.

Remarks : Arrived Rosyth anti anchored

Following require hospital treatment on
arrival. Barham, one Officer, 27 men,
cot, and six walking cases ; Malaya,
41 cases.

Prepare to proceed into harbour in
following order. 1st L.C.S., 1st Division,
2nd Division of Battle-Cruisers, 3rd
L.C.S., 2nd L.C.S. Leading ship to
arrive within gun range iTichkeith at
6.45 a.m.

APPENDIX II.

545

Date,

Time of

Despatch.'

From

2 JUNE —cont.
1.35 a.m. Admiialtv - R.A.KastCoast

1.40 — Lookout - Marlborough -

Albion III. - R.A. Inver-
gordon.

1.47— S.0.2ndL.C.S. 2nd L.C.S.
1.52 — Marlborough Feailess

1.55 — Laforey - ^Marlborough

2.0 — S.O. Cruisers Cruisers

2.0 — C.-in-C. S.O. B.C.F.

Rosvth.

2.5 — Laforey - Lance -

2.6 — Fearless - Marlborough

2.7 — C.-in-C. - Broke -

2.11 — S.0.2ndL.C.S. Birmingham

2.12 — C.-in-C. - Marlborough

C.-in-C.

Canterbury

Commodore T. General -
S.O. 2nd B.S. R.A. 2'nd B.S.
Active - Broke -

• S.O. B.C.F. - Battle Cruisers

S.O. IstL.C.S. : 1st L.C.S.

12872

Sys-
terai.

L/T
F.L.

W/T

W/T
F.L.

F.L.

S.L.

W/T

Message.

F.L.
F.L.
W/T

W/T
W/T

W/T

F.L.
F.L.

W/T

Flags
F.L.

Time

of
Origin.

Marlborough should bo met off Flam-
borough by tugs with pumping appli-
ances and taken to harbour for temporary
repairs. Draught of water 39 feet.

Submit should necessity arise, propose
with your approval to go to windward
of you and pump out oil to facilitate
Destroyers going along.side. Reply ;
Thank you, I concur.

Have been unable to find Warrior and
am steaming slowly back on Warrior's
course. Visibility very poor.

(Received in Iron Duke 4.39 a.m.)

Birmingham, remain with me. Remainder
proceed into harbour.

1 will be much obliged if you will keep
station about 1^ cables to windward of
my forebridge so as to reduce seas
breaking on us.

Submit could one of the weather boats
lay an oil track ahead of you, they have
plenty to spare.

Reply : Yes, thank you, I shall be much
obliged.

Alter course in succession four points to
starboard.

Arrangements made for j'our ships to
enter. Y and Z channels have both been
swept twice to-day, Thursday, and will
be swept again at dawn to-morrow,
Friday. Patrols disposed round entrance
to Firth of Forth in accordance with
Rosvth Secret Memorandum 057/11 of
April, 1916. I will send any available
Destroyers of sea-going flotillas to screen
you at dawn when your position is
known.

Lance's division make oil track ahead and
weather side of Marlborough.

I make your speed 12 knots -

0135

0145

0140
0146

0140

0150

OllU

0146

Indicate your position now to Active and
C.-in-C.

Present course and speed of Southampton, 0130
N. 35^ E., 10 knots.

Priority. Your 0000. S.N.O. Immingham
Dock has been informed and directed to
send powerful tug.

Proceed to assistance of Marlborough.
At midnight she was in position
54 40' N., 0 53' E., steering for Flam-
borough Head at 10 knots.

Alter course in succession to .S. M'.

Commence to come ahead now

I am searching for you and shall be in
position 58° 27' N., 1' 40' E., at 2.45
a.m.

{No answer received by Active.)

Divisions separately form single line-
abreast to port, ships in column to be five j
cables apart. \

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots • \

M m

0158

0212

0215
0210

4ti

APPENDIX II.

IJaie,
'riiiiL- of I From

I )ospatch.i

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

I °*
Origin.

2 JUNE ru,,!.
l.'.3l*a.m.. S.O.l.'yiL.C.S. l-st L.C.S.

2.34 — Marlborough Fearless

2.33 — , C.-in-C.

General

3.0 -
3.0 —
3.0 —

Marlborough General
S.O. B.C.F. - I General
S.0.4thL.C.S.\ 4th L.C.&.

3.0 — R.A. Scapa - I R.A. Inver-
I sordon.

F.L.
F.L,

Flags

1
2.35 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

1st L C.S.

S.L.

1
2.36 —

H.A. 2nd B.S.'

2nd Division - ,

F.L.

2.40 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

(ieneral

Flags

2.40 —

S.O.lstL.C.S.

Isl L.C.S.

F.L.

2.40 —

C.-in-C.

Attached

Cruisers.

F.L.

2.45 —

Commodore T.

Gen end

Flags

2.45 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

2.46-
2.47 -

R.A. Scapa -
C.-in-C.

R.A. Inver-
gorden.
General

W/T
Flags

2.48 —

2.49 —

C.-in-C.

Rosyth.
Marlborough

S.O. B.C.F. -
Fearless

W/T
F.L.

2.49 —

S.OAthL.G.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

2.50 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

2.51 —

S.O.lstL.V.S.

Isl L.C.S.

F.L.

2.53 —

S.O.lstL.C.S.

1st L.C.S.

1 F.L.

2.55 —
2.55 —

C.-in-C.

S.0.4thL.C.S.

5th B.S.

4th L.C.S. -

! S.L.

j Flags

Alter course in succe-'ision to W. by S. Ad- —
miral intends to proceed at 16 knots.

When we make Flamborough Head and 0234
swept channel we are proceeding to
Humber. On arrival at entrance do you
wish to enter the Humber or proceed
in accordance with your orders ?

Reply : Thank you, I have no orders, 0237
but with your permission I will proceed
to base.

Assume 5th organisation. Form divisions —
in line-ahead, columns disposed abeam
to starboard. Columns to be seven
cables apart.

1st L.C.S. spread on a straight line one —
mile apart, bearing of centre S. 89' W.
two miles.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots • —

Alter course together two points to star- —
board.

Admiral intends to proceed at 20 knots - —

Take station as follows : Blanche two —
miles ahead oi Iron Duke, Bellona two
miles ahead oi Revenge, Boadicea two
miles ahead of King George V.

Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots - —

Ships in colvtnn to he five cables apart - —

From C.-in-C. Rosyth for C.-in-C. Enga- 0130

dine arrived.
Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots - —

j Destroyers for escort are being directed I 0150
to proceed out on line Y to meet you.

As my compass is very unreliable woiild { 02l5

'. you like to lead Marlborough into an- '

chorage before you proceed to your t

base? Marlborough draught will be i

40 feet. . . . '

Alter course in succession eight jmints to i —
starboard.

Alter course together four points to port —

Zigzag

, Admiral intend.^ to proceed at 21 knots

\ Take station astern of Canada

I Alter course together eight points to port -

Flags Alter course in succession to W. by S. -

Flags Alter course together four points to star-
board.
, Alter course together two points to port

Flags
W/T

Coal at Scapa 98,800 tons, 34 coUiei-s.
Cromarty, 27,100 tons, 11 colliers.
Rosyth, 49,778 tons, 21 colliers.

00301

APPENDIX II.

547

Datf,

Time of

Despatch..

From

2 JUNE —conl.
3.0 a.m. C.-in-C,

3.0

3.1 --

3.5 —

3.9 -

General

^'^.O.'JndL.C.S. Birminqhuin
S.O.'ZtidL.C.S. Birmingham
S.O. Cruisers Cruisers
S.O. Ifit B.S. 6th Divi-siot)

Flags
S.L.
S.L.

Flag.s
Flags

ilarlborough Lance, Laforey' F.L.

3.10 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

3.15 -

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

3.18-

S.0.4thL.f '..'>.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

3.20 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

3.23 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

1-it Subdivision

Flags

3.24 -

S.O. Cruisers

Cruiser.')

Flags

3.2.5

^lailborough

—

3.27

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

3.30-

R.A. 2mJ B.S.

2nd Division -

Flags

3.30-

C.-in-C.

3rd Division -

Flags

3.30 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

3.30 —

S.O.dthL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

3.35 —

S.O. Cri>i.9€rs

Criii-sers

Flags

3.36 —

C.-in-C.

3rd Division -

Flags

3.37 —

B.A. 2nd B.S.

2nd Division -

Flags

3.40 —
3.40 —

Marlborough
C.-in-C.

Laforey
Commodore F.

Sem.
S.L.

3.40 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

3.40 —

S.0.4thL.C.S.

4th L.C.S. -

Flags

3. n —

S.O. 5th B.S.

C.-in-C.

S.L.

Admiral intends to proceed at 14 knots - --

Keep within ca.sy vi.'iudi touch at sucJi apeed 0250

as is safe from Submarines.
My course and speed are If. ^ S. 15 knots ; —

Alter course in succession to S. 47'^ E.
Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots

We are going to the Humber. Do you i 0304
wish to enter the Humber or proceed !
to your base on arrival at the entrance
to Humber? |

Reply from Laforey : I wish to enter and 0315
fuef.

Reply from Lance : I think we will ' —
probably require to oil. Reply will be '
made in one hour's time.

Alter course together four points to port ! —

Alter course leading ships together rest —

in succession to N. 77 W.
Admiral intends to proce:d at 15 knots ■ , —

Alter course together four points to star- I
board. j

Admiral intends to proceed at 11 knots —

Alter course together two points to starboard ! —

Remarks : Land ahead - - - - —

Guides to bear abeam oi Guide of the fleet. —
Benbow take Guide of fleet.

Admiral intends to proceed at 12 knots - —

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots -

Alter course together fovu- j;oints to port-

Ships to be 7i cables apart. Extend your

distance from Covins.
Alter course together four points to port

Admiral intends to proceed at 14 knots -

Admiral intends to jtroceed at 14 knots

Plea.se screen my starboard bo\\ - - j 0340

What is maximum speed Destroyers can

maintain on present course ? Reply :

14 knots.
Alter course together four points to star- —

board.
Zigzag one point. First turn to port co7i- —

forming with wing ships.
Submitted that a tug, if possible with 0320

capstan, may be available to assist

Malaya going to buoy, as she will have

no steam on capstan.
Reply : This will be arranged - - 0358

M in 2

64S

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

APPENDIX II.

From

2 JUNE —com.
3.42 a.m. S.O. Cruisers , Cruiserf!

Flags Alter course together four points to starboard

44 — I S.O. 2nd B.S. 1st Division - Flags Admiral intends to proceed at 14 knots

3.45

3.4.5
3.4.-)

3.46 —
3.46 —

3.49 —

R.A. Cyclops Aberdeen

R.A. Iiiver- Admiralty

gordon.
Commodore F. Mystic -

Marlborough General
Lydiard - S.O. B.C.F.

V\'/T

W/T

S.L.

For C.-in-C. Submarine reported by Dan-
ish steamer steering E.S.E. 10 knots at
5 p.m., 1st, in 55 22' N., 1 22' W.?
Newcastle. Coastguard wireless, Aber-
deen.

(Received in Iron Duke 4 a.m.)

Hospital ships Soudan and Berbice sailed

C.-in-C.

General

3. .50 — j S.0.4thL.C.S. 4th L.C.S.
3.50— I S.O. B.C.F. - General

3.52 — \ S.O. Cruisers Cruisers

What is maximum speed you can maintain
on this course ? Reply : 14 knots.

Flags I Alter course in succession to W.S.W.

W jT Lydiard and five Destroyers sent for escort.
Request what are your course and
speed? Reply : My position, course
and speed, se'' 19' N., V 9' W., S. 89
W., 19.i knots.

Flags Admiral has resumed Guide of the fleet -

2221

0320

0300

Flags
Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 14 knots
Alter course together four points to port

Flags Alter course together four points to port

3.. 52

Captain D12 S.O. 1st B.S. - , S.L. ' Speed is too great for Destroyers

3.54 — Marlborough General
.•{.-jD— S.O.lstB.C.S. ' S.O. B.C.F.

4.0 -

4.(i ■

4.7 ■

4,0 ■
4.10

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.O. B.C.F. - General
Bonaventure Marlborough
S.0..3rdL.C.S. j S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. B.C.F.- Tiger -

jMarlborough
Marlborough

General

Grimsby S.S.
via Fearless.

Flags j Alter course in succession to S.W. by W.
S.L. 1 Following received from Tiger : Damage
appears more severe than I reported
yesterday. Submit I think it inadvisable
to coal until ship is clear of water and
further examination is made. Reply :
Approved.

Flags j Spread in the sequence of Hampshire,
Shannon, Minotaur, Duke of Edinburgh.
Cochrane four miles apart, bearing A'.
45' E.

Flags Alter course together four points to star-
board.

W/T Your 0016 received. Tugs are being sent

W/T ■ Falmouth will discharge four rounds
fused shrapnel at 4 a.m.

S.L. 1 Keep a look-out for our Destroyers to the
Southward. If sighted, tell them to close
and give them our course and speed.
Flags Alter course in succession to South

W/T For S.N.O., Immingham Dock. Marl-
borough, accompanied by Fearless and
10 Destroyers, expect to arrive within
gun range of Spurn Point at 0645 and
wishes to pass inner defences and
western boom. Latest information is
requested as to swept channel. De-
stroyers in need of oil fuel. Marl-
borough's dravight 40 feet. Is mooring
buoy available as steam cannot be used
for capstan?

0340

0335

0230

02.30

0400

0330

APPENDIX If.

549

Date.
Time of From

Despatch.

2 JUNE \—cont.

4.l0a.m.| S.O. B.C.F.
4.12 — Fearless
4.14- — ■ Canterbury

4.15

4.15
4.18
4.20
4.20
4.20
4.21
4.23
4.23
4.30

4.30
4.31

Sys-
tem.

Message.

(Jeueral
JVLarl bo rough
Marll)orough

Fearless

Peterhead
R.A. Scapa -
C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.N.O, Aber-
deen.

Lance -

^larlborough
S.O. Cruisers
Fearless

S.O. B.C.F. - .
S.O. 4thL.C.S.'

Sea Ranger

R.A. Inver-

gordon.
General

General

R.A. Scapa

Marlborough

General

Cruisers
Marlborough

General
Cyclops

4.40 — S.O. B.C.F. - I General

4.41 — C.-in-C.
' Rosyth.

4.44— S.0.4thL.C.S.

Admiralty
C.-in-C.

4.46

Marlborough C.-in-C

Flags
Sem.

W/T

Marlborough - | Sem.

W/T
W/T

Flags
Flags

W/T

Reply from R.A. East Coast of England.
There is not a swept channel. Go to
No. 3 peg-top buoy inside Western boom.

Alter coui-se together four points to port

Do you wish me to lead you down swept
channel? Reply : Yes, please.

My position 4 a.m. 55° 12' N., 0" 36' E.,
course S. 36' W., 24 knots. What is
yoiH- position, course and speed?

We should stand further in shore as swept
channel is five miles from Flamborough
Head.

H.M.S. Acasta is in tow of Nonsuch, not
Cruiser Castor.

For C.-in-C. Visibility 10 miles

Admiral intends to proceed at 13 knots

Alter course together four points to star-
board.
For C.-in-C. Unity sailed

Time

of
Origin.

Sem. My division will not require to enter

Humber for fuel.
Flags Alter course in succession to S.W.

S.L.

W7T

Flags
W/T

Flags

W/T
Sem.

^v T

4.50 —

S.O. B.C.F. -'

General

Flags

4.50 —

Fearless

Marlborouah -

Sem.

4.54 —

Cotnmodore T.

General •

Flags

4.57 —

St. Abb's
Head.

Admiralty

4.58 —

Fearless

^larlborough -

Sem.

My course S. 47^ E., speed of advance 15
knots. Zigzag when in station.

Canterbury to Marlborough. My position
course and speed at 0400 55° 12' N., 0°
57' E., S. 61' W., speed 24 knots.

Alter course together four points to port

Following require hospital treatment on
arrival : Calliope, 1 Officer and 8 men,
cot cases. Calliope providing cots and
bedding.

Alter course together four points to star-
board.

Achates arrived .....

Calliope has four serious cases requiring
immediate operation. Request R.A.
Scapa may be directed to send hospital
boat to Calliope on arrival.

My position 4 a.m., 54 10' N., 0 2' E.,
course S., 11 knots. Am keeping water
under control at present. Expect to
arrive Humber 8.30 a.m.

Alter course together four points to port

Following received. S.N.O. River Tyne
to Fearless. Sending four tugs to Flam-
borough Head. Cag, fastest tug, should
arrive at 10 a.m.

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

Valiant and two Tor pedo-Boat Destroyers

passed N.W.
I am steering a steady S.W. course

550

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time ot'

Despatch.

Kroin

Sys-
tem.

2 JUNE

5.0 a. in.

r„),l.

S.O. H.C.F. -

(!(ll(;l;il

Flags

6.7 —

Coiinnodore T.

(Iciicral -

Flags

5.10 -

C.-in-C,

Commodore F.

S.L.

o.lO —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Oeiicral

Flags

5.10 —

Maill)<)i(mgh

Fearle.s.s

S.L.

5.11-

Marlborough

(ieneral

Fla^s

5.12-

C.-in-C.

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

S.L.

Ale88a-.ie.

Time

I ""^
lOrigin.

5.12 —

C.-in-C

General

Flag.

.5.J2 —

Marlborough

Fearless

S.L.

5.1.5 —

Flarnborongh
Head.

.Vdmiralty

L/T

5.19 —

S.f). l-S.C.F. -

Lvdiard

S.L.

5.20 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

5.27 —

Valiant

C. in C.Rosyth

W/T

5.28-

-Marlborough

P^earless

S.L.

5. .30 —

S.O. J3.C.F. -

< leneral

Flags

5.. 30 —

Active -

C.'in-C.

W/T

5.. 30 —

C.-in-C.

C.-in-C.
Rosyth.

W/T

6.31 —

Fearless

Marlliorough -

Soni.

5.40 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flag.^

6.50 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

Alter eourse together four points to star- —

board. |

A dm > ml l» tends to proceed at 20 knots - —

Report when speed can be safely increased. 0512

Reply : I consider present speed maximum 0515

under present conditions.

Alter course together four points to port '■ —

Plea.se lead down channel - - - 0508

Alter course in succession to South - —

Detach a Light Cruiser to assist Active in 0510
search for Broke, Active dropped back
at 1.30 a.m. Broke 9 p.m. position was
Lat. 58 10' N., Long. 2 46' E., course
N. 60 W., 7 knots. Report name of
ship detailed. She should communicate
with Active. Reply : Constance. \

(('(tUiope passed (iboi-e to Constance \
ivitli aiders to proceed.) \

Distance apart of columns six cables

I have increased 1 Unot - - - i .:_

One Battleship, super- dreadnought, one —
four funnelled Light Cruiser, nine De-
stroyers. Position, course and speed.
E.S.E. 10' South, ] 5, apparently British.
Challenged and answeretl. AVeather
clear.

Send four Destroyers to screen 2nd B.C.S., 0518
I'cmainder screen 1st B.C.S, My course
made good S. 89 W., speed thiough
watei' 21 knots, zigzagging.

Altei' course together foiu' points to star- • — -#
board.

My 1950. Programme one hour late, 0507
Expect to arrive outer gate 7 a.m.

I have increased one knot - - - , —

Alter course together four points to port —

Am unable to get into W/T communication 0530

with Broke.
Reply : Constance is coming to assist 0600

search. Cruiser squadron under R.A.

Minotaur being also sent to assist you

with Broke.
Request information from Engadine 0530

whether steps were taken to sink Warrior

on abandonment.

Dcsti'o\ers are asking if oil fuel spray is 0531
still required. Ke2ily : Spray not now-
required. Destroyers take up screening
stations.

Alter com-se together four points to stai'- —
board.

Alter course togcthoi' four j:)oints to poil —

APPENDIX II.

551

From

2 JUNE — cont.
5..J5 ii.m.l S.O. B.C.F.

5.56

6.0 —

6.1 —
6.4 —

6.30
6.30

6.30

Malava

CJeneral

S.O. 5th B.S.

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Flags

S.O. B.C.F. - General

S.0.2ndL.C.S. Birmingham -

I
S.O. B.C.F. S.O. 2nd

via Birming- L.C.S.

ham.

S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. B.C.F.-

C.-in- C.

General

1st Division

Sem.

Let fires die out in boilers not required

for 22 knots.
Besides the 15 men committed to the deep
last night Malaya has 32 for burial, also
1 44 cot cases and two others for hospital.
Flags.] Alter course together four points to star-
board.
S.L. My speed is 18 knots

W/T

6.5 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Nepean

S.L.

6.5 —

Lion

6.10--

Galatea

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.L.

6.10 -

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

6.10-

C.-in-C.

S.O. 1st, 4th
and R.A, 1st
B.S.

S.L.

6.14-

Caaterl)ury -

^larlborough -

W/T

6.20

S.O. B.C.F.

General

Flags

6.22 —

Ipswich

Admiralty

W/T

6.23 —

Constance -

Active -

W/T

6.25 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Destroyers

Flags

6.28 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Nepean

S.L.

Flags
Flags

S.O. 2nd C.S. W/T

Priority. Indicate your position. 1 am
sending you four Destroyers as soon as
possible.

Reply : My position, course and speed
56° 35' N., 0" 53' W., S. 85' W., 20 knots.
Condition is verj' good. Destroyers not
required.

When I get to May Island I shall send you
with Phoenix and Negro to screen
Southampton whose position I will give
you.

Remarks : Sighted May Island

May Island lighthouse S. 86° W.

Alter course together iowv points to port

If proceed into harbour is made to 4th or
5th Divisions, the division ordered is to
proceed at highest possible speed to
base, approaching to Northward of 85
from Old Head from position 40 miles
from it, and passing South of Skerries
when near. Division being unscreened
is to take every precaution against Sub-
marines such as being in open order,
iine-ahead, quarter-line, and zigzagging
about li points after passing through
T.B.D. screen.

My position 6 a.m.. course N. 70 E., 10
miles from Flaanborough Head, 26 knots.

Alter coiu'se together four points to star-
board.

From Talisman, Talisman and two Sub-
miarines have been at rendezvous 01 for
the last 24 hours. Nothing to report.

I am ordered to assist vou with search.
Shall arrive at 58 32''^N., 0 20' E., at
8 a.m.

Destroj^ers form Submarine screen for
two columns of Battle Cruis<!rs.

Had Termagant arrived when you left?
Have you heard anything of Onslow
and Defender? Rei^ly : Temiagant
was expected at midnight. I did not
see her. I know nothing of Onslow or
Defender.

Alter course together four points to port

Form single line-ahead in sequence in
which .s-hlp.s iioir are.

K no signs of Warrior by 8 a.m. proceed
with cruisers to assist Active in search
for Broke who was in Lat. 57 10' N.,
Long. 2 46' E. at 9 p.m. last night,

I injured forward and steering N. 60 W.
7 knots.

Time

of
Origin.

0535

0G03
0632

0608

0G02
0545

0605

0600
0600

0625

0630

552

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time

Time of

From

sys-

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

2 JUNE

runt.

13.32 a.m.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. Ist, 2iid,
3rcl L.C.S.,
2nd B.C.S.

W/T ,

Proceed into harbour ....

0631

6.34 —

S.O. 1st L.C.S.

1st L.C.S.

Flags

Form single line-ahead in sequence of flwt
numbers.

—

6.35 —

Flamborough
Head.

Achniralty

L/T

One two -funnelled Light Cruiser. Position,
course and speed S.E. 7, South, 20.
Apparently British. Challenged and
answered. Hull informed.

6.35-

iS.O.SrdL.C.S.

3rd L.C.S. -

Flags

Alter course in succession to N. W. by W.

—

6.35 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Flags

Alter course in succession to W. by S. -

6.35 —

S.0.2ndB.C.S.

2nd Division -

Flags

Form single line-ahead - - - -

6.35

C.-in-C.

S.O. 1st B.S.

S.L.

Did you intercept Marlborough?
Reply : No - - ...

0626
0650

6.36

S.0.2ndL.C'.S.

Birmingham -

S.L.

Aly speed is 20 knots . - - .

0635

6.40 —

S.O. B.C.F.-

S.O. 1st B.C.S.

Sem.

I think it desirable for Princess Royal and
Tiger to go into basin at next high water.
Do you concur ?

Reply : Yes .-..--

0635
0645

6.40 —

C.-in-C.

Cyclops -

W/T

For R.A. Peterhead. Request Albion and
tugs may be directed to look for and
assist Acasta in tow of Nonsuch. Posi-
tion 7 p.m. 1st June 57 8' N., 2 45' E.,
course West, 7^ knots.

0640

6.40 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Lydiard

S.L.

Can you give me any information as to
whereabouts of Onslow, Defender, Nestor
or Nomad?

Reply : Nothing is known of boats men-
tioned. Turbxilent was sunk on night
of 31st May.

0630
0700

6.45 —

S.0.2ndB.C.S.

2nd Division -

Flags

Alter course in succession to S. 80'^ W. -

—

6.45 —

Lion

—

Remarks : Six Destroyers joined up

— »

6.50 —

Marlborough

Canterbury -

W/T

Marlborough does not require any more
assistance and will arrive at Humber 0800

0643

7.0 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Nepean -

S.L.

When I tell you to proceed in execution
of previous ordeis, proceed to pick up
Southampton who was in 56 35' N.,
0" 53' W., presumably steering for May
Island.

0700

7.5 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Destroyers

Flags

Proceed in execution of previous orders -

—

7.(> -

C.-in-C.

R.A. Cyclops,
S.N.O. Scapa.

W/T

Preparatory signal for entering Scapa Flow
via Hoxa Sound. Leading ship expects
to arrive at 10 a.m. All hospital drifters
muster on arrival. Fleet may be firing
lyddite shell now in guns when near base.

0706

7.7 —

S.0.3rtlL.C.S.

Nottingham -

S.L.

What is Mroag with Southampton?

Reply : Southampton stopped to make
temporary repairs. Keeping Birming-
ham with her.

0700
0705

7.20 —

C.-in-C.

General and
Destroyers.

Sem.

Opportunity will probably be taken to fire
loaded lyddite shell when near Pentland
Skerries.

0710

7.28 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

C.-in-C. Rosyth

S.L.

Request crane lighter may come alongside
}X)rt side as soon as possible to hft roof
- of Q turret.

0718

APPENDIX J I.

553

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

2 JUNE —cont.
7.30 a.ni. C.-in-C.

! Sys-
I tern.

Message.

Tim

Origin

r.33

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

7.39— ; C.-in-C.

I Rosyth.
7.41 -- ; Fearless

7.42

7.45

Active

Constance

5tli Division -
C.-in-C. Rosyth

Admiralty
(irimsby

Constance

Active

7.46 - S.O. 5th B.S. C.-in-C.

7.50

7.51
7.51

7.52
7.54
7.58

7.59

8.0

R.A. Com- Marlborough -

mandingE.

Coast of

England.
Marlborough i Fearless

i Commodore F. C.-in-C. -

S.0.3rdL.(J.S.\ 3rd L.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. - I General

S.O.lOth C.S. C-in-C.

8.0

S.O. B.C.F.
C.-in-C.

Fearless

General

R.A. 1st B.S.,
S.O. 4th L.C.S.

Marlborovigh -

Flags
W/T

L/T

W/T

W/T
S.L.

Proceed in execution oi previous orders 1 —
(into harbour). !

Preparatory signal for entering Firth of 0730
Forth. Two ships, Birmingham and I
Southampton. The leading ship is '
expected to arrive within gunshot of !
Inchkeith at 11.15 a.m.

Valiant, Moon, Mounsey, arrived

S.L.

Sem.
S.L.
Flags
W/T

Flags
S.L.
Sem.

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

From Marlborough for S.N.O. Tyne.
Please cancel my message 0006. Tugs |
are not now required. j

My position, course and speed at 8.30
a.m., 58° 20' N., 2" 22' E., N. 49' W., j
14 knots.

Meet me at 0800, 58' 35' N., 0 20' E. !
My course is S. 56' E., 18 knots.

Following wounded requiring hospital
treatment. Barham : cot cases, 1 Officer,
25 men ; non-cot, 6 men. Malaya : cot
cases, 43 ; non-cot, 2. For burial :
Barham, 1 Officer, 3 men : Malaya, 32
men. Request necessary arrangements
may be made for removal of killed and
wounded, observing that cots are not
available.

Reply : If weather permits hospital ships
Soudan and Berbice are being ordered to
go alongside Barham and Malaya. They i
should arrive Scapa about noon. If I
weather is not suitable for going along-
side, they will be ordered to anchor near.
Arrangements are being made re burials.

Have you any hospital cases? -

Reply : No hospital cases - - - :

Proceed as soon as j'ou like. Very many

thanks.
I think Destroyers can stand 15 knots

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots

Admiral intends to proceed at 18 knots -

Four Cruisers now on Muckle Flugga patrol.
Request two Cruisers be placed S.E. of
Iceland.

Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots -

5th Division pass through 4th L.C.S.

Fearless is very pleased to have seen you
safely into harbour and wishes Marl-
borough a quick recovery from her
trouble and a speedy return to the
fighting line.

Reply : Very many thanks from Marl-
borough. We will be out as soon as wf^
can.

Admiral intends to proceed at 14 knots -

0723
0455

0745

0715
0725

1006

0705
0755

0750
0750

0700

0755

0800

554

APPKNpIX II.

i)at»'. I
Tiiiit' lit |-"ri)in

Despatch.

2 JUNE rout.

j>. 1 ii.in. S.O. H.C.F. -

8.3 — j IiiciiUcitli -

i
8.5 — ' S.O. B.C.F. -

8.7 — S.i). .-)lh B.S.

8.8 -
8.10-
8.11

8.12
8.13
8.13
8.18
8.18
8.20
8.23

8.24
8.24

C.-in-C.

Rosyth.
C.-in-C.

.S.O. B.C.F.-

C.-in-C.

Rosyth.
S.O. B.C.F.-

R.A. hst B.S.

S.O. B.C.F.-

C.-Jn-C.

C.-in-C.

Admiral Tin-
minghain.

S.O. Cruisers

S.O. B.C.F. -

('otnmodore T.

8.25
8.25
8.25
8.26— S.O. B.C.F

Adinii'al
Dover.
S.0.4thL.C.S.

( ioiierai
S.O. B.C.F.

( Jenei'al
R.A. Scapa

Admiralty
General -

hst Division -

.\(hniralty - ;

hst Division - j

5tli Division -

1st Division -

General

R.A. 1st B.S. I

Admiralty

Crni.'iers - 1

General

(reneral -
Admiralty
4th L.C.S. -
S.O. 2nd L.C.S.

Flags
S.L.

Flags

W/T

L/T

Flags
Flags

L/T
Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags

S.L.

L/T

S.L.

Flags

Flags
L/T
Flags
W/T

8.30 —

S.O.Ith L.C.S.

■Ith L.C.S.

Flags

8.. 30 —

Cordelia

—

8.30 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

8.32--

S.O. Cnn.sers

Cruisers

S.L.

8.34--

S.O. B.C.F. -

Ceneral

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 12 knots —

Defender is towing Onslow, 4 a.m.,
56^ 38' N., 0 45' W. (Unreliable.)
Speed four knots. Tug is being sent.

Invert the columns from the rear .ships
pa.ssing port side.

Malaya and Barham have 36 Officers and 0800
men betvAeen them for burial as soon as
possible after arrival.

Reply : Please inform me as soon as 0930
possible details of religions distinguish-
ing Officers and men. |

Penn and Paladin arrived - - - i 0752

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

Tiger take Guide of fleet - - - - I —

I
Moresby arrived - - - - - i 0744

Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots - i

Assume open order ... j —

Admiral intends to proceed at 12 knots - —

I
Alter course together two points to port I —

Order your own gate. Report bearing on 0800
which you make land, or Skerries.

Marlborough, Fearless, Laforey, Lawford,
Lance, Lasso, Lookout, Laverock. Lj^-
sander. Lark arrived.

Alter coiir.se together to West

Admiral intends to proceed at 10 knots.

Anchor in the manner previously

arranged.
Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots - \ —

Can normal conditions on patrol lines be

resumed? Reply : Yes. I

Admiral intends to proceed at 14 knots - —

If you do not require Destroyers send them 081 5
to search for Defender towing Onslow in ;
56 38' N., 0 45' W., speed four knots. |
Tug has been sent to them. Xepean is j
S.O. of Destroyers sent to you.

Admiral intends to proceed at 13 knots - —

Remarks : 1st L.C.S. anchored - - \ —

Alter course together two points to port - j —

Negative zigzag ....

Have steam for 15 knots at two hours'
notice.

APPENDIX II.

555

Fioin

Sys-
tem.

.Mcssiig*^,

2 JUNE —ro>it.

,38 a.m. S.O. ('nii.srr-'^ Crui/icrs

I S.L.

C.-in-C. General

/!'..4. /st n.S. 5th Division

C.-in-C. S.O. 2nd C.S.

S.O. ('ruiser-s ('misers

I Flaos
Fla^is
W,T
j S.L.
.47— S.O. B.C.F. - Captain Di:i - ' W/T

Active -

C.-in-C.

\V,T

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

Constance -

Active -

W/T

Commodcre F,

C.-in-C.

S.L.

R.A. IstB.S.

R.A. Scapa -

\^- T

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

C<jn.stance -

Broke -

W/T

Submarine G6

Titania

W/T

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Shannon

S.L.
and

W/T

C.-in-C.

Genera!

Flags

R.A. 1st B.S.

^th Division ■

Flags

C.-in-C.

S.O. 2nd C.S.

W/T

Falmouth

—

S.O.i>ndL.C.S.

Nepean

S.L.

S.0.4th L.C.S.

C.-in-C.

h.L.

S.0.4thL.C.S.\ 4th L.C.S. - Flags

i
B.A. 1st B.S. I 5th Division ■ Flatis

Cruisers are to search for Broke. Keep a
sharp look-out for any boats in case vessel
has been abandoned.

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

Alter course together li points to starboard

Priority. Submarine sighted 4 a.m. to-day,
Friday, Lat. 57 15' N., Long. 2 16 E.

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots

Situation re Destroj'ers. Onslow in tow of
Defender in position oO 38' N., 0 4.5'
W., 4 a.m., speed four knots. Tug has
been sent. Turbulent was sunk during
the night 31st May. Termagant arrixed
Rosyth. I fear Nestor and Nomad aie
lost.

Reply : Am proceeding to search for
Defender and Onslow with jlsenad in
companj-.

Have searched as far as 58 12' N., 2 14'
E. I am now searching North. Sea
is rapidly rising.

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

My position at 9 a.m. will be 58 27' N.,
0 40' E. Repeat your position.

I think Destroyers can manage two more
knots.

Preparatory signal for entering Scapa via
Hoxa Sound. Four ships are expected
to arrive at Nevi Skerry Gate at 10.4.5
a.m.

Alter course together two points to port -

What is your position, coinse and speed?
Expect to arrive at noon

Pass following to Albion and remain on Q
wave. S.O. 2nd C.S. to Albion : Search
for Warrior abandoned. Proceed to assist
Nonsuch, position at 7 p.m. 1st June,
57'' S' N., 2 44' E., course West 7^
knots.

Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots

Alter course in succession to W. by S.

Priority. Continue searching for Warrior

Remarks : 3rd L.C.S. anchored

I do not require your ser\ices. You are
to search for JJefendci- and Onslow.

Have discovered land N.W. by W.

Admiral intends to proceed at 14 knots
Alter course together one point to starboard

Time

of
Origin.

0820

0844

082"»

o;)4.j
0831

0840
0840

0830

0845
0730
0900

OfllO

556

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.'

From

l^o

Sys-
tem.

Message.

!». 12a in.

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

9.15 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

9.15 —

C.-in-C.

Commodore F.

S.L.

9.19 —

9.20 —
9.20 —

Admiral,

Imminghain
S.0.2ndL.C.S.

S.O. 4th L.C.S.

Admiralty

Birmingham
and Destroyers.
C.-in-C.

L/T

Flags
Sem.

9.22 —

C.-in-C.

General

Flags

9.23 —

C.-in-C.
Rosyth.

Admiralty

L/T

9.24 —

Naval Depot,
North Shields.

Admiralty

L/T

9.25 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

9.27 —
9.27 —

TjTiemouth -
R.A. 1st B.S.

Admiralty
R.A. Scapa -

L/T
W/T

9.28 —

C.-in-C.
Rosyth.

C.-in-C.

W/T

9.30 —

Moss, Copen-
hagen.

Exchange Tele-
graph, London.

—

9.30 —
9.30 —
9.35 —

C.-in-C.

^Iarll>orough
S.O. Cruisers

General

Cruisers

Flags
S.L.

9.35 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

9.3(3 —

Scarron

Albion TIL -

W/T

9.36 —

9.37 —

C.-in-C.

S.O. 2nd L.C.S.

Royal Oak -

Binnlmjhnm -

Flags
Flags

Alter course together two points to port -

Submarine sighted in vicinity at 4 a.m.

Keep a sharp look out.
Try and get news of Nonsuch and Acasta

Fearless sailed .....

Alter course in succession to W.

Skerries ahead - . - . -

Alter course together two points to star-
board.

Two additional tugs of power urgently |
required Rosyth for moving heavy ships.
None available at other ports in Scot- '
land. Request two may be sent earliest |
possible moment.

Contest arrived .....

Zigzag. Alter course together to East

Contest, Garland, Porpoise, entered Tyne
To confirm my 0830. Leading ship will

arrive Nevi Skerry Gate at 10.45 a.m.
Priority. Captain of Warrior reports ship
was not sunk when abandoned, but steps
were taken as far as possible to make
her watertight. Yacht and two tugs
from Invergorden are now searching.
Several circumstances indicate that Ger-
man Fleet which attacked British in
North -Eastern part of North Sea has
been put to flight. This afternoon and
evening greatest part of GeiTnan Fleet
retui'ned, but dispersed and severely
damaged. Politiken states that 11
o'clock this forenoon German torpedo
boat appeared outside Ringkoobing,
Jutland's West coast. Warships se-
verely damaged unable to proceed.
Fifteen minutes later German seaplane
arrived, landed near warship and half
an hour later disappeared southwards.
Three o'clock another German torpedo
boat arri\'ed towing damagetl warship
southwards. Seven o'clock this evening
10 German torpedo boats, of which six
severely damaged, passed through
Little Belt going very slowly.
Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots -
Remarks : Secured to No. 3 buoy
Bank fires in boilers not required for 20
knots. Have steam ready for full speed
at two hours' notice.
Speed of advance 1 7 knots. Renew search

for Warrior.
Warrior abandoned Lat. 57 10' N.,
Long. 2° 17' E. (Retnainder jammed.)
Take station astern of Malaya
Alter cour.'ic in .'tucccssion to X. SI 11.

APPENDIX II.

557

From

'lo

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

— cont.
C.-in-C.

General -

Soin.
jind
S.L.

C.-in-C.

S.O. 1st B.S.,
S.O. 5th B.S.,
Royal Oak.

Commodore F. Kempe)ifeU

S.L.

C.-in-C.

Commodore F. S.L.

R.A. 1st B.S. 5th Division - Flags
Commodore F. C.-in-C. S.L.

Conim,odore F.\ Broke - - W/T

via Marksman

Marne - , Commodore F. S.L.

S.O. .5th B.S. ' Malaya

Naval Depot, j Admiralty
North Shields
Admiralty -

C.-in-C.

— j C.-in-C.

— i C.-in-C.

— ! C.-in-C.

Sam.

L/T
C.-in-C. Rosyth L/T
General - Flags

2nd B.S., Boa- Flags
dicea, Blanche.
General - - Flags

A.C. Orkneys
and Shet-
lands.

R.A. 1st B.S.

Malaya

Naj)ier

5th Division

S.L.

W/T

Flags

Order oi entry : 5th, 3rd, 7th, 4th, 6th, 0900
1st and 2nd Subdivisions, Attached
Cruisers, 4th L.C.S. 5th, 1st and 2nd
Subdivisions South o^ Skerries, remainder
North olf Skerries. 4th L.C.S. and
Bellona to be ahead screening until 1st
and 4th B.S. iorm single line, then two
ships and Bellona turn to starboard and
two to port and screen North and South
side oi line working to the rear. Blanche
and Boadicea will go with 2nd B.S. when
detached and assist to screen. Ships oi
subdivisions to take open order by signal
from Commanders oi subdivisions before
passing Skerries. One mile interval be-
tween subdivisions.

Royal Oak will be stationed astern of 0920
Malaya before reaching Skerries and is to
remain in Flow and anchor in D. 2 berth
after 6th Subdivision have anchored.

Call Nonsuch and A cast a and ask thoti —

their positions.
Indicate speed Destroyers can do without —

sustaining damage. Reply : 20 knots.
Alter course together 1\ points to port

Marksman is in touch vdth Broke, strength —

3. Reply : Get her position, course,
I speed and condition.

i What is your position, course and speed, —

j and condition ?

j During first night attack of 31st Marne ivas —

struck by shell on upper deck, aft deck

pierced in two places, damage slight. In .

second attack Marne fired torpedo. Result

of shot not ascertained.
Take station astern of Barham

Garland, Porpoise arrived - - - 094.5

Marlborough has arrived in Humber for 09.57

temporary repairs.
Alter course leading ships together rest —

in succession to W.
Proceed in execution of previous orders —

Columns to be eight cables apart - - —

You are to remain astern of Barham and 0945
Royal Oak astern of you.

Napier and Marmadiike proceed with all 0817
despatch to meet and screen fleet ap- i
preaching on 80 from S.W. On com- |
pletion return to Loch Eriboll and meet I
Australia at 11.30 a.m. 3rd June in |
position two miles 360" from Cape Wrath
and screen her to this base. '

Alter course together one point to port - —

S.O. 2nd B.S. Commodore F. S.L. I am turning 16 points, then turning

i back 13.

C.-in-C. - Malaya - - Flags Take up appointed station

558

APPENDIX 11.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin

2 JUNE
l(). 10 a.m.

10.10 —

-coni. I

S.O. 2nd B.S. I l«t Division - \ Flags

S.O. B.C.F. - I Kiigadine - Sem.
S.O. B.C.F. - KufiaHiiie

10.10
10.11

lO.ll'
10.14

10.15
lO.lfi

1 0. 1 ij

10.16
10.17
10. IT - I S.O. B.C.F.

R.A. Scapa - R.A. luver-
gordon.

S.O. 1st B.C.S
and Tiger.

10.17— ; Admiralty - C.-in-C

10.18 —

10.19 —

lO.l'J —

Flamborough
Head.

S.0.2ndB.S.
S.O. B.C.F. -

Commodore F.

Admiralty

1st Subdivisio n

Indomitable,
Inflexible.

Flags

S.0.4thL.C.S.\ 4(/i L.C.S.
C.-in-C. - R.A. 1st B.S.-

C.-in-C. Battleships -

Admiralty - ; Atlniiral Dover L/T

C.-in-C. - General - - I Flags

S.O.lthL.C.S. 4th L.C.S. - ]

C.-in-C, Admiralty - I L/T

Rosyth. I

Alter cfjtir.se in succession 16 points to port

What is position of Warrior ?

Reply: Warrior abandoned 57 21' N.,
3' 20' E., at 7 a.m. 1st June.

Was Warrior sunk? . . . -

Replj- : Warrior was afloat when I left
her. The after part and midship part of
upper deck was awash. Captain stated
she was making water fast and did not
expect her to float for more than one
hour.

Negative zigzag - - - - -

R.A. 1st B.S. 5th Division - Flags

W/T You can fire the lyddite shell when within
six miles of Pentland Skerries if range
is clear.

l^lags Expend lyddite shell . - . -

Priority. Salvage ship Linnet is to
proceed to the Humber immediately.
Previous instructions as to proceeding
to Gravesend are cancelled. Captain
Pomeroy to report at Admiralty.

Assume 2nd organisation . -

Flags Alter course together three points to port

Lion, Tiger, New Zealand, Indomitable,
Inflexible, 1st L.C.S., 3rd L.C.S.,
Nottingham, Dublin, Obdurate arrived.

Assume close order. Admiral intends to
proceed 18 knots.

From S.N.O. Blyth for C.-in-C. Sub-
marine G. 10 arrived. Nothing to report.

Please inform me estimated position of
wreck of Queen Mary.

Reply : S.O. 1st B.C.S. Approximate
po.ntion 56" 50' N., 5° 52' E.

Tiger 56 57' N., 5' 50' E. - - -

A sufllcient force should be sent out as
soon as possible to find Warrior. Captain
reports he left her afloat after taking
steps to make her as far as possible
water-tight.

Foui* Light Cruisers and 10 Destroyers, j
bearing S.E. 10 miles, steering S., 20
knots. Class indistinguishable owing !
to haze. Hull informed. Fearless bearing
E. three miles, steering N., 15 knots !

Alter course in succession to S. W. by W. -

Please inform me estimated position of

Invincible? [

Reply : Indomitable 56° 53' N., 6^ 10' E.
Inflexible, 57° 4' N., 6" 6' E.

W/T

Flags

W/T

OOl'.j

1011

1100
1122

R.A. Cyclops- W/T Castor arrives 11.30 a.m. Has U hospital 0930
cases. Pn
Destroyer.

APPENDIX II.

559

From

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

R.A. Scapa - R.A. Invergor- ^\ /T

don.

C.-in-C. S.O.M.S. - \\ r

C.-in-C. 4th Subdivision i'la<;s

S.0.4tfi jB..S'. Bellerophnn - F.L.

S.O. 4th B.S. 4th Sii.bdivi.sion Flags

I^.A. 1st B.^S. 5th Divisio)} - Flags

C.-in-C. - ' 5th Subdivision Flats

.Sy>. i'«c/ C'.,V. Cochrane - S.L.

S.O. B.C.F. - S.O. '2nd B.C'.S. \V/T

Voii'inodore F. Broke - W'/T

8.O. B.C.F. - J.ydianl - Scni.

i '

S.O. 2nd B.S. Comnuxloce F. S.L.

R.A. 2nd B.S. 2nd ISitbdivision Flags

From C.-in-C. Rosyth ior C.-in-C. Mores- 0944

by, arrived.
My 2309 ot 1st June. Do not pass 0935

Pentland Skerries before noon. >

Take station astern of 7th Subdivision I —

Fleet 1,1 now in 2nd organi»ation. Bel-
lerophon its not in 7th Subdivi-iion.
Alter course together 16 points to port

Alter course in sticce.s.'iwn to W.N.W.

Take station astern of 4th Subdivision -

Puss JollowiiKj to Albion yacht and remain

on Q wave : S.O. 2nd C.S. to Albion.

What is your position, course and speed f
Reply : 11.30 a.m. 57 30' N., (?' 0' E.,

course W. mag., speed 15 knots.
Please inform me of estimated position

of Indefatigable. Replv : 56 48' N.,

5^ 32' E.
Indicate your position, course and speed -

1021

1020

1150
1012

0948

S.O. 4th B.S.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
S.0.4thL.C.S.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
C.-in-C.

4th Subdivision' Flags

2nd Subdivision Flags
ith u.C.S. - Flags
Blanche - . Flags

S.O. 4th L.C.S. i S.L.

Detail four Destroyers to accompany 3rd i 1020

L.C.S. and bring In Warrior. Report {

names to Falmouth and ask her for j

order?. \

Arrange to screen both subdhisions - i 1021

Alter course in succession to S. \V. by W. j —

Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots. \
Alter course together 16 points to port - —

Take station astern one mile of Erin - - ' —

4th L.C.S. take station ahead of Calliope - —

Join the 2nd Subdivision - - - ' —

I
S.0.4thL.C.S.\ 4th L.C.S.

B.A.lstB.S.

Renter, Am-
sterdam.

5th Division -

Reuter-, Lon-
don.

Flags

Calliope precede Iron Duke into harbour
owing to presence of wounded. Only
one Light Cruiser to screen on port side.

Disregard Senior Officers' motions. Caro-
line take Junior Officers under your com-
mand.

Alter course in succession to X. W. by N'. -

Berlin official Admiralty preliminary' re-
port 31st May. High Sea Fleet met
considerably superior main portion Brit-
ish battlefieet course afternoon and night
between Skager Rack and Horns Reef.
Number too heavy for us, successfvil
fighting developed. We destroyed, as
till now ascertained, great Battleship
Warspite, Battle Cruisers Queen Mary,
Indefatigable, two Armoured Cruisers
apparently Achilles class, one small
Cruiser, new Destroyer leaders {zerstoerer-
fueherschiffe) Turbulent, Ne.stor, Alcaster,
great nvimber Destroyers, one Submarine.

0945

,500

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

Frill II

Sys-
tern.

■2 JUNE —cont.

10.32 a.m.

1(1.32 -

Commodore F.' Blnke - • S.L.

S.O. B.C.F. - S.O. 3it1 L.C.S. W/T

10.34 -

10.34 —

10.35 —

ao.35 —

Dockyard, Director of L/T

Rosyth. I Dockyards.

Canterbury - S.N.O. Har- W/T

! wich. '

C.-in-C, Admiralty - ! L/T

Rosyth. !

C.-in-C. - Admiralty - W/T

^lessage.

Time

of
Origin.

Number great British Battleships hea\ily
damaged. Among others Battleship
Marlborough hit by torpedo. On our
side small Cruiser Wiesbaden and Pom- .
mern sunk by Enemy (frauenlat) and some
Torpedo Boats till now unknown. High
Sea Fleet to-day returned harbour.

Chief Admiralty Staff,
(Held) D. Brownrigg.

S&nd at once for cots and blankets for 14 —
hospital cases ready for Cantor arriving ,
11.30 a.m. i

Prepare to sail with 3rd L.C.S. and foiu' 1020
Destroyers as soon as you are fuelled
to bring in Warrior. When will you
be ready? Two tugs have been sent !
already. |

Reply : Hope to get away 2 p.m. Will 1100
signal time later. Can we have Oilers
at once? There are none here now.

Further reply from S.O. B.C.F. : When UO.j
ready bank fires and await orders.
Direct Destroyers to do the same.

Princess Royal, Tiger and Southampton 080-5
being received in ba.sin. No informa-
tion as to damage yeX. Expect large
demand for labour.

Shall arrive oft South Cutler Buoy 1.30 094.5
p.m. Permission to enter base.

Attack and Lizard arrived - - - 1030

V.A.C. B.C.F. reports Queen Mary, In- 0900
defatigable blown up by Enemy shell
exploding in magazine. Invincible blown
up, probably same cause but might be
due to mine or Submarine. She was blown
in half. Defence similarly blown up.
Black Prince imaccounted for and feared
sunk. Warrior totally disabled and aban-
doned after being towed to Lat. 57 21 ' N.,
Long. 3 2' E., by Engadine. Believed
to be still afloat. 2nd C.S. searching for
her. Tipperary and Destroyers Turbu-
lent, Fortune, Sparrowhawk and or
Ardent lost, and five or six 4th Destroyer
Flotilla are missing. Broke severely
damaged making for Scapa Flow. Two
Light Cruisers looking for her. Captain |
D12 reports by signal that his flotilla '
sank a Battleship Kaiser class in night
attack. V.A.C. Battle Cruiser Force re-
ports one Battle Cruiser thought to have
been sunk, one severely damaged. Two
Light Cruisers known to have been dis-
abled. Enemy's Destroyers were engaged
but it is not known yet how many were
sunk. Losses of our Battle Cruisers
occurred during Battle Cruiser action. :
Visibility was very low and consequently
battlefleet had great difficulty in keeping I
in touch with Enemy's battlefleet which |
avoided action, but during the short time

APPENDIX II.

561

Date,

Time of :

Dosijatch.

From

Sys-
tem.

Time

of
Origin.

2 JUNE —ccynt.

S.O.dthL.C.S.

10.36— R.A. Cyclops-
10.37 — C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 2nd B.S
C.-in-C.
S.O. 5th B.S.
Canterbury -

C.-in-C.

S.O. 4th B.S.
S.O. 2nd B.S.
S.O. 4th B.S.
C.-in-C.
S.O. 4th B.S.
Commodore T,

S.O. 1st B.S.
C.-in-C.

Naval Centre,
HuU.

4th L.CJS.

C.-in-C, R.A.

1st B.S.
General

C.-in-C.

2nd B.S.

R.A. 1st B.S.-

7th Subdivision
and Royal Oak
S.N.O. Har-
wich.

8rd Subdivision

4th Subdivision
2nd B.S.
4th Subdivision
R.A. Cyclops

4th Subdivision

S.N.O.
wich.

Har-

5th Subdivision
3rd Subdivision

Admiralty

S.L.

W/T

Flags
W/T
Flags
S.L.
Flags
W/T

Flags
Flags
Flags
Flags

W/T
Flags

W/T

Flags
Flags
L/T

in action we apparently inflicted severe
damage on some Enemy Battleships.
Marlborough only Battleship injured in
battlefleet action, injury due to mine
or torpedo. Warspite, Barham and
Malaya injured before our battlefleet
came into action at 6.15 p.m.

4th L.C.S. enter after Battle squadrons,
remain on screen till after 1st and 4th
B.S. form single line-ahead, 2nd Division
then turn to port, 1st Division then turn
to starboard, screening North and South
of line of Battle squadron entering.

Gate is open

1035

X 12872

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots - [ —

Propose 3rd L.C.S. and four Destroyers as 1025
soon as fuelled to bring in Warrior.

Alter course in succession to W. ■ - —

If I catch you off Swona turn to port into 1044
Pentland Firth. Go W. of Swona.

Assume open order - - - - —

Require 570 tons of oil fuel, 46 6-in. ' 1005
lyddite shell, 46 4-in. lyddite shell, 64
6-in. cartridges, 78 4-in. Q.F. cartridges,
30 tons fresh water, 5 tons of coal, 700
gallons special mineral lubricating oil.

Ships in column to be in open order - —

Assume open order - - - - —

Admiral intends to proceed at 17 knots - —

Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots - —

To confirm my 0705. Leading ship Iron 1015
Duke expects to arrive 11.30 a.m.

Admiral intends to proceed at 13 knots

Expect to arrive in the vicinity 1800. 1045

Request instructions as to route.
Reply : Enter by Sunk L.V. passage. 1325

Mine has been destroyed N. 32° E. two

miles from Sunk L.V., but area is being

thoroughly swept.
Assume open ord»r • • • - —

Observe very attentively the Admiral's —
motions.

Danish steamer Vidar reports sighting
Zeppelin 7.20 p.m. 3l8t May 57° 8' N.,
6° 55' E., steering N.W. very fast,
marked L24 or L14, had two cars and
one look-out bridge on top. 9.45 p.m.
31st May 56° 57' N., 6° 5' E., observed
sunken man-of-war with only bow
visible above water ; there were metre
marks on stem. At same time observed
five or six miles W.N. W. of same position

562

APPENDIX n.

Date,

Sys-

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

rem*

Origin.

2 JUNE

— c<mt.

a Cruiser with two masts apparently
German burning fiercely. Master picked
up in this vicinity sevgn survivors of
(?) G97, three of whom were wounded
and one has since died. These men
have been landed at Hull and sent to
Naval Depot, Immingham.

11.0 a.m.

C.-in-C.

Berbice

S.L.

Go to Westward until fleet is in harbour-

1100

11.0 ^

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

Flags
and
S.L.

Alter course together to N.E,

—

11.0 —

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th Subdivision

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots -

—

11.5 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Assume open order ... -

—

11.8 -

Admiralty -

Admiral, Imm-
ingham.

L/T

Admiralty salvage ship Linnet has been
ordered to proceed to the Humber.
Instructions concerning her are being
forwarded. Linnet leaves Dover this
forenoon.

1108

11. lo-

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course in succession to N. 50'' E. -

ll. lo-

C.-in-C.

S.O. 1st B.S.,
S.O. 5th B.S.,
Malaya.

W/T

Owing to strong wind Malaya is not to go to
buoy but to anchor in A. 7. Revenge to
anchor as already arranged.

1009

ll. 12—

Admiral,
Dover.

Admiralty

L/T

With reference to Admiralty message timed
1027 of 2nd June. Salvage vessel
Linnet leaves Dover for Humber with
escort at 11 a.m. to-day Friday.

1100

11.15 —

C.-in-C.

R.A. 1st B.S.-

Flags

2nd B.S. is coming South of Skerries. If
there is plenty of room come in ahead of
them ; if not, follow them in. Inform
S.O. 2nd B.S.

1110

11.15 —

C.-in-C.

R.A. 4th B.S. -

S.L.

Request you will take charge of 3rd Sub-

1102

1 division after passing green buoy.

11. lo-

C.-in-C.

R.A. Cyclops -

S.L. Weather permitting Soudan and Berbice

are to be directed to go alongside Barham

: and Malaya to disembark wounded. IJ

1050

hospital ships cannot go alongside they

will be ordered to anchor near Barham

and Malaya.

ll. 17—

R.A. Cyclops

Commodore F.

W/T

Innan Neb gate is open ... -

1115

11.18 —

R.A. 1st B.S.

5th Division •

Flags

Alter course together eight points to port -

11. lo-

C.-in-C.

R.A. Cyclops -

S.L.

Immediate. Orders for hospital ships will

1035

be sent on arrival. Ships have following

dead on board. Please arrange to have

bodies removed from ships as soon as

possible. Castor 12 men, Onslaught

2 Officers, Obedient 1 Officer, Calliope

9 men.

ll. 20—

C.-in-C.

3rd Subdivision

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots -

—

11.22 —

C.-in-C.

Destroyers

Flags

Proceed into harbour ... -

—

11.25 —

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th Subdivision

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 16 knots -

—

11.28 —

C.-in-C,
Rosyth.

Admiralty

L/T

Moon and Mounsey sailed for base

1128

APPENDIX II.

563

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

2 JUNE

— cont.

11.29 a.m.

C.-in-C.

Admiralty

L/T

Priority. Four Cruisers under R.A. Mino-
taur are now searching as well as a
Yacht and two tugs.

1129

11. so-

C.-in-C.

3rd Subdivision

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 13 knots -

—

il. 32—

R.A. IstB.S.

5th Division -

Flags

Alter course together 16 points to port -

—

11. So-

S.O. 2nd B.S.

2nd B.S.

Flags

Alter course in succession to N. 23° W. -

—

il. sa-

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

At 11.45 a.m. course will be altered to N.
47° W., speed of advance 16 knots,
without further signal.

11 sa

il. 35—

R.A. IstB.S.

5th Division -

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 14 knots •

— ■

11.38 —

Admiralty -

Dockyard
Sheemess and
C.-in-C. No re.

L/T

Immediate. One of the large paddle tugs
at Sheemess is to be despatched at once
to Rosyth for moving heavy ships.
Matter is most urgent. Report action
taken.

Reply : Robust (tug) ■will leave Sheemess
for Rosyth 3 p.m. to-day Friday.

1432

11.40 —

Admiralty

Dockyard
Portsmouth
and C.-in-C.
Portsmouth.

L/T

Immediate. One of the large paddle tugs
at Portsmouth is to be despatched at
once to Rosyth for moving heavj' ships.
Matter is most urgent. Report action
taken.

Reply : ^"olcano sails immediately she has
completed with coal and provisions,
probably about 7 p.m. to-day Friday.

1425

11.40 —

Calliope

—

Remarks : Calliope anchored -

—

11.40 —

R.A. 1st B.S.

S.Q. 2nd B.S.

S.L.

Submit I am following 6th Division in -

1135

11.44 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

C.-in-C. -

W/T

Unless instructions to the contrary are re-
ceived from you 3rd L.C.S. will sail 1400
in accordance with my message 1025.

1128

11.45 —

S.O. 5th B.S.

7th Subdivision

Flags

Ships in column to be three cables apart.
Admiral inteJids to proceed at 10 knots.

—

11.45 —

S.0.2ndL.C.S.

Birmingham -

Flags

Anchor in the manner previously arranged

—

11.46 —

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th B.S.

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 13 knots -

—

11.50 —

R.A. Cyclops

C.-in-C. -

Sem.

In view of severe weather in Flow suggest
Soudan and Berbice anchor in Gutter
Sound. Flying Kestrel has been sent to
Iron Duke for orders with 45 cots and
blankets.

Reply : Soudan may anchor in Gutter
Sound. Berbice is to anchor near Bar-
ham and Malaya in A. 6 and A. 7 berths
if she cannot go alongside. As far as
possible wounded from Gutter Sound
should go to Soudan.

1130
1227

11. so-

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th Subdivision

Flags

Anchor in manner previously arranged,
starboard anchor, six shackles.

—

il. 52—

S.O. B.C.F. -

1st, 9th and
13th Flotillas.

Sem.

Destroyers fit for sea raise steam and be
ready to sail when fuelled to escort
injured ships into harbour.

1149

11.52 —

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th Subdivision

Flags ,

Admiral intends to proceed at 10 knots

—

11.53 —

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th Subdivision

Flags

Assume close order

—

K B 2

564

APPENDIX n.

Date,

Time

Time of

From

tem' ^ Message.

Despatch.

Origin

2 JUNE

—cont.

11.55 a.m.

S.O. 2nd B.S.

Ist Subdivision

Flag

Admiral intends to proceed at 14 knots.
Keep close order.

—

11.58 —

Admiral,

Dover.

Admiralty

L/T

May Harwich Destroyers return to Dun-
kirk?

Reply : Harwich Destroyers are not yet
available.

1549

11.59 —

Barham

—

Remarks : 7th Subdivision anchored

—

Noon

Malaya

R.A. Scapa -

W/T

Officers and men to be buried. Officers :
C. of E. 2. Men : C. of E. 17, Wesleyans
3, R.C. 2, not known .5.

1100

12.3 p.m.

Commodore T.

General -

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 15 knots

12.3 —

Superb

—

Remarks : Anchored . . - .

12.4 —

S.N.O. Har-

wich

Canterbury -

W/T

Enter by Sunk passage - - - -

1150

12.G —

S.O. 4th B.S.

4th Subdivision

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at seven knots -

—

12.11 —

R.A. Cyclops

Admiralty

L/T

Iron Duke, Colossus, Collingwood, Nep-
tune, St. Vincent, Barham, Malaya,
Superb, Canada, Royal Oak, Calliope
arrived.

1130

12.12 —

Commodore T.

General -

Flags

Admiral intends to proceed at 22 knots

—

12.15 —

Iron Duke -

Remarks : Secured to buoy

12.15 —

C.-in-C.

General -

Flags
and
Sem.

Have steam for 15 knots at four hours'
notice. Senior Offlcers'^of squadrons to
report if any ships of your squadrons
require longer notice for steam.

12.1G —

Captain D13-

S.O, B.C.F. .

W/T

Defender is close to Aberdeen. I am
returning to base with Maenad. She
has 1 1 survivors on board from Fortune.

1200

12.16 —

Benbow

—

Remarks : 4th Subdivision anchored

—

12.18 —

C.-in-C.

Rosyth.

Admiralty

L/T

Southampton, Birmingham arrived

1149

12.18 —

Graham, Am-
sterdam.

Admiralty

L/T

Four Battleships and 1 1 Destroyers of mi-
known nationality were seen on 1st June
above Terschelling proceeding to N.N.E.
about 7 p.m.

12.22 —

Admiralty -

Ad. Supt.Imm-
ingham.

L/T

A Constructive and Engineer Officer well
acquainted with details of Marlborough
are now proceeding to Humber to con-
sult with you as to repairs of that vessel.
Mr. OUis and Engineer-Admiral May-
stone on staff of Director of Dockyards
will also consult you respecting repairs
to Chester as well as Marlborough.

1222

12.24 —

C.-in-C.

Rosyth.

Admiralty

L/T

Goshawk and Acheron arrived

1132

12.30 —

S.O. 1st B.S.

5th Subdivision

Flags

Anchor instantly - . . - -

—

12.32 —

R.A. Cyclops

Admiralty

L/T

Mystic, Mons, Oak, Ambuscade, Opal,
Noble, Menace, Munster, Mandate, Owl,
Hardy, Midge arrived.

1200

12.32 —

S.O. 2nd B.S.

1st Division -

Flags

Anchor in the manner as previously
arranged.

—

12.36 —

Constance -

Active -

W/T

My position noon was 5H° 12' N., 2*" 18'
E., course S. 56° E., speed 18 knots. I
intend to steer at 12.45 p.m. N. 33° E.
at 15 knots. At 2 p.m. N. 60° W.
close to visual signalling distance.

1205

APPENDIX II.

566

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

Sys-
tem.

2 JUNE —cont.
12.38 p.m. R.A. CyclopS

12.44— C.-in-C.
12.45 — Admiralty

12.50— Captain Supt.
Rosyth.

12.50 — ! King George

i V.
12.52— C.-in-C.

C.-in-C.

Commodore F.
Oak and
Abdiel.

R.A. East
Coast, Cap-
tain in Charge
Lowestoft.

Lion

Commodore F. Tel

Tel.

L/T

Sem.

12.53 — R.A. 2nd B.S. 2nd Subdivision Flags

12.55
12.56

1.0
1.3

Comus
Gregness

S.O. Cruisers

C.-in-C.

Rosyth.

Admiralty

Cruisers
Admiralty

L/T

S.L.

L/T

Submitted all ammunition ships are
allotted as follows : Revenge 76, Bar-
ham 15, Hercules 22, St. Vincent 16,
Orion 12, Monarch 54, Temeraire 10,
Vanguard 1, Colhngwood, Isleford.
{Note. — Made general to ships concerned.)

Destroyers usual notice for steam •

Auxihary patrol vessels can resume
normal conditions, and Minesweeping
vessels and Sloops may proccedJ_out.

Please signal to me your important
defects for seaworthiness so that Dock-
yard Officers may inspect them and take
them in hand.

Reply : (1) Base of No. 2 funnel very
seriously damaged. (2) Canteen flat
extensive damage to decks and bulk-
heads. (3) About two dozen watertight
doors and hatches damaged between
decks, and a number of skyhghts and
hatches on weather decks. (4) Fire-
main, brine and fresh water systems
damaged, (5) Electrical defects have
been shown to your representative.
(6) Sick bay extensively damaged, decks
and bulkheads perforated, and side
armour driven out. (7) Ship's galley
and bread troughs entirely destroyed,
including decks and bulkheads. (8)
Sheet cable holder destroyed, and ship's
side and weather deck in vicinity
perforated. (9) Mainmast and main
derrick shot through. (10) Ship's side
and weather deck at 1 14 station injured.
(11) All boats require repair. (12) Blast
screens require patching in places.
(13) Ship's side plating above 112
station. Stem to 66 perforated by
mmierous splinters. (14) Net defence
rigging and canvas weather screens
require renewal in places.

Remarks : Anchored . . . -

Did Marksman get Broke's position? - 1250
Reply : Marksman reports unable to pass 1330

message to Broke asking her position, ;

etc. i

Anchor instantly . . - -

Remarks : Caroline, Comus and Royalist
anchored.

Defender and Onslow arrived. Onslow
in tow badly damaged. Achates pass-
ing N.

Alter course in succession four points to
starboard.

Pelican arrived .....

666

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

2 JUNE

-C07lt.

l.S p.m.

C.-in-C

General

Sem.

Where possible ships are to complete with
fuel to five per cent, above summer
stowage.

1247

1.10 -

C.-in-C.

5th Subdivision

Sem.

Report any damage. Have you any
casualties ?

1310

1.12 —

Naval Depot,
North Shields.

Admiralty

L/T

Spitfire arrived 10.30 a.m.

1300

1.19-

S.O. B.C.F. -

Captain D13 -

W/T

Have sent Negro and Phoenix to look for
Defender. If they are not required
order them to return to base.

1315

1.25 —

C.-in-C.
Rosyth.

Admiralty

L/T

Ariel and Hydra arrived

1306

1.25 —

Active

Constance

W/T

My position noon 58° 27' N., 1" 12' E.
Will endeavour to sight you about 4 jxm.

1320

1.30 —

Constance -

C.-in-C.

W/T

My position, course and speed at 1400
58 25' N., 2 56' E., N. 60 W., 15
knots.

1320

1.36 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Eugadiiit.'

Sem.

Check and repeat position of Warrior.
Are you sure of latitude? Reply :
Position 57° 21' N., 3' 2' E. This
position was concurred with by Captain
and Navigator of Warrior. I had been
towing her for 12 hours making for
Kinnaird Head.

1310

1.55 —

C.-in-C.
Rosyth.

Admiralty

L/T

Narborough, Nerissa, Lapwing, Christo-
pher, Badger, and Ophelia arrived.

1330

2.0 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 3rd L.C.S.

S.L.

Sail when ready. Position given was
correct, i.e., 67° 21' N., 3° 2' E. Also
look out for certain 1st Flotilla boats
which were running out of fuel. Report
by wireless the state and position of all
met.

1350

2. .3 —

Admiralty -

Ad. Supt.,
Immingham
Dock Station.

L/T

Chester. Proceed at once with the work
of making vessel seaworthj'^ to proceed
to another port, reporting as soon as
possible time required.

1403

2.5 —

R.A. Cyclops

Admiralty

L/T

King George V., Orion, Ajax, Centurion,
Conqueror, Erin, Monarch, Thunderer,
Agincourt, Hercules, Vanguard, Benbow,
Bellerophon, Temeraire, Revenge, Boa-
dicea, Faulknoi, Obedient, Nessus,
Martial, Minion, Castor, Mischief, Mind-
ful, Mary Rose, Narwhal, Marksman,
Marvel, Ossory, Magic, Morning Star,
Marne, Manners, Milbrook, Mameluke,
Michael, Napier, Kempenfelt, Blanche,
Bellona, Caroline, Royalist, Comus,
arrived.

1345

2.5 —

S.O. Cruisers

Cruisers

S.L.

Speed of advance 1 4 knots

—

2.6 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

General

Sem.

Enemy Submarines reported in 56° 44' N.,
1° 55' E., and 56° 3' N., 0° 16' E., at
7.0 a.m. to-day.

1360

2.13 —

Agincourt -

C.-in-C.

Sem.

Ship was only struck by a few splinters of
shell. No damage or casualties.

1405

2.14 —

Admiral,
Immingham.

Admiralty

L/T

Earle's Shipbuilding Co. could midertake
repairs to Chester without delaying
refit of Destroyers, but refit of Killing-
holme and Tithonus might be slightly
delayed.

APPENDIX II.

567

2 JUNE
2.18p.m

2.27 —
lAl —

ZAI —

2.48 —

2.55

J.l —

(reed.)

8.5 —

8.6 —

—cont.

Commodore F. C.-in-C.

Admiralty -
S.N.O. Aber-
deen.
Canterbury -

Admiral.Inun-
inghtim.

S.O. B.C.F.
Admiralty

Admiralty

R.A. IstB.S.- I C.-in-C. -

C.-in-C.

S.N.O. Har-
wich.

S.O. B.C.F.

Active -

Admiralty

Tel. Onslaught reported that 1st Lieutenant and
I Gunner were killed and Captain injured,
also one gun out of action. Permission
was given for her to return to this base
yesterday Thursday at 5 a.m. She has
not yet arrived. Probably she may have
made some other base. Request in-
quiries may be made.
L/T Telegraph brief report of your proceedings
L/T Onslow arrived .....

— i Remarks : Arrived Harwich ...

L/T i?e Marlborough. Principal damage caused
by torpedo is between 64 and 92 stations
I on starboard side, bulkhead on 92 station
I being damaged and cannot be got at
on account of coal bunkers. Thickness
of river water prevents examination by
diver. Additional shoring of bulkheads
and provision of salvage pumps which
can be placed on board down below is
all that can be done here. If this can
be done it is considered that ship can
be safely moved to River Tyne in fine
weather for docking, but undesirable to
risk a longer voyage. Satisfactory sal-
vage pumps not available on Humber.
Electrical salvage pumps of 300 tons
per hour total capacity preferred. Can
these be sent? Ship is at buoy of?
Immingham.

S.L. Colossus. 17-in. shell passed through
starboard fore superstructure and wrecked
after end of it, port side, damaging boat
hoisting levers, etc. Many holes in star-
board side of fore superstructure from
4-in. shell sphnters, several leads of wire
cut and one searchlight smashed. Range-
finder B turret out of action, damaged
by shell splinter. Fire-main in Captain's
cabin cut through. Two men severely
wounded, one losing right arm, three
slightly wounded. Remaining ships not
hit.

L/T Urgent. 4 Cruisers under R.A.C. 7th C.S.
have been searching since yesterday
but should be glad of the further ships
you are sending.

W/T Have you located H.M.S. Broke ? Report
progress.

Reply : Have thoroughly searched as far as
58 11' N., 2' 33' E., and seen no signs of
Broke and have not been in touch with
her by W/T. My present position, course
and speed 58" 30' N., 2 12' E., N. 50 W.,
14 knots. Gale from N.W. with heavy

1415

L/T Cajiterbury arrived

1427
1400

1410

1340

1338

568

APPENDIX n.

Date,

Sys-
tem.

•

Time

Time of
Despatch.

From

Message.

of
Origin.

2 JUNE

— cont.

3.15 p.m.

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 3rd L.C.S.

Sem.

C.-in-C. reports four Cruisers under R.A.
7th C.S. have also been looking for
Warrior since yesterday. Chester is
believed to be still out. I have no news
of her except that she was damaged in

1600

action. '

3.18 —

Admiralty

Dockyards
Portsmouth,
Devonport,
Chatham,
Sheemess.

L/T

Secret. Number of men available will be 1618
required temporarily at Rosyth and
probably Invergorden. Details will be
commimicated to you later, but mean-
while all necessary preliminaries should
bo made for despatch of men at short
notice.

3.20 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Indomitable -

Sem.

In what position did you last see Chester ? 1510
Reply : In 56° 53' N., 6° 16' E., at 6 p.m. 1515

3.20 —

Admiralty

C.-in-C.

L/T

Have asked V.A. B.C.F. for brief report of 1520
engagement as some information must be
given to-night. Report from S.O. 5th
B.S. is also required. Can you amplify
your report in any way?

3.20 —

Admiralty -

Dockyard,
Rosyth.

L/T

Report as soon as known numbers of 1520
Officers and men of various trades re.
quired at Rosyth from southern yards for ,
repair of damaged ships. Preliminary j

notice has been given southern dock-
yards as to probabiUty of men being
needed North.

3.21 —

Admiralty -

R.A. Inver-
gorden.

L/T

In case damaged ships should arrive at
Invergorden for repair you should report
immediately what additional Officers
and men of various trades from southern
yards you would require, also any
materials needed.

1521

3.30 —

Aberdeen

Admiralty

L/T

Unity arrives 5.30 p.m. ... -

—

3.32 —

Moon -

C.-in-C, R.A.
Invergorden.

W/T

Moon and Mounsey will arrive Cromarty
8 p.m.

1500

3.34 —

S.O. 2nd C.S.

C.-in-C.

W/T

No signs of Warrior in area 17 miles South,
40 miles North and West and East of her
last position. Have seen nothing of
Albion and tugs. Good visibility, wind
N.W. 6 to 7 somewhat heavy sea. My
position at 3 p.m. 57° 53' N., 2 45' E.,
course N 47° W., advancing 14 knots.
Average percentage of coal remaining
55.

Five Light Cruisers, 10 Destroyers bearing

1501

4.3 —

Gorleston

Admiralty

L/T

—

E. eight miles, steaming S. 14 knots.

4.6 —

Spurn Head,
W.S.S.

Admiralty

L/T

4 p.m. Laforey, Lawford, Lance, Lasso,
Lookout, Laverock, Lark, Marlow, sailed.

—

4.7 —

S.O.SrdL.C.S.

S.O. B.C.F. -

Sem.

Chester passed 3rd L.C.S. on her way to
Humber with wounded.

1620

4.8 —

C.-in-C.

Active

W/T

Are you in visual or W/T touch with
Broke?

—

4.17 —

Revenge

C.-in-C.

S.L.

Revenge has no damage or casualties

1615

4.20 —

C.-in-C.
Rosyth.

Admiralty

L/T

Champion, Maenad, Negro, Napier,
Phoenix arrived.

1535

4.20 —

C.-in-C.

Admiralty

L/T

Abdiel laid mines on night of 31st — 1st in
area enclosed by parallel 55° 13' N. and
65° 2' N. and meridian 7° 37' E. and
7° 25' E.

APPENDIX II.

569

Date,

Sys-
tem.

Time

Time of

From

Message.

Despatch.

Origin.

2 JUNE

— cont.

4.30 —

Active

Constance

W/T

By dead reckoning we passed at 4 p.m.
Am now steering N. 60" W., 14 knots.
Request instructions.

4.46 p.m.

Admiral, Imm-
ingham.

Admiralty

L/T

Pensioner Chief Stoker Newcombe of
Shark died on board Danish steamer
Vidar, Body now at Hull. Request
instructions.

4.50 —

Carysfort

—

Remarks : Harwich Force entered swept
channel.

—

4.53 —

C.-in-C.

Active -

W/T

Have you enough fuel to continue search
for another 24 hours ?

Reply : Have suflBcient coal for 24 hours at
16 knots, alongside boilers, after which
only foremost boiler will be available
with coal from reserve bunkers. State
of weather prevents any coal being
transferred to other boiler rooms.

1640

5.5 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

Captain D13
and S.O. 1st
Flotilla.

Sem.

Destroyers have steam at two hours'
notice. Arrange usual stand by divi-
sions.

1645

5.6 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 3rdL.C.S.
Lydiard.

Sem.

Do not sail. Await orders -

1700

5.7 —

C.-in-C.
Rosyth.

Admiralty

L/T

Crew of Warrior will have sufficient cloth-
ing to travel in by Saturday evening.
There is no reserve of bedding or
sufficient clothing for kitting up men
in this port. Submitted Officers and
men of Warrior may be sent to their
dep6ts on Saturday and granted leave
after kitting up.

Reply : Approved ...» -

2030

5.17 —

Nonsuch

Cromarty S.S.

W/T

Acasta and Nonsuch at 5 p.m. 20 miles
East of Aberdeen steaming eight knots.
AH is well.
[Received by C.-in-C. 6.17 p.m.)

1700

5.35 —

Naval Depot,
Xorth Shields.

Admiralty

L/T

Pigeon expects to pass latitude of May
Island 6 p.m.

1700

5.54 —

Dockyard, -
Rosyth.

Admiralty

L/T

Princess Royal, Tiger and Southampton
placed in basin for making seaworthy.

1734

5.58 —

Graham, Am-
sterdam.

Admiralty

L/T

One British sailor wounded and 51
Germans are due at Ymuiden to-night,
picked up by steam trawler. More are
likely to follow.

6.3 —

C.-in-C.
Rosyth,

Admiralty

L/T

Defender arrived ...» ^»

1750

6.9 —

Constance -

Active -

W/T

My position, course and speed at 6 p.m.
58° 38' N., 1° 38' E., S. 56° W., 12
knots. As Broke may be making
nearest land steer parallel course to the
southward to me. tC

1740

6.27 —

Commodore F

Magic -

Sem.

Did tfou fire any torpedoes Wednesday
night ? If so, what time ? Reply : First
torpedo icas fired when Castor was fired
on. Torpedo apparently went astern.
Second torpedo was fired abovt 11.30
when Castor was fired on by a grouji of
ships, but am unable to say result of this

1824

6.39 —

Peterhead -

Albion III. -

W/T

one.
Albion to return to Peterhead

1816

6.45 —

S.O. B.C.F. -

S.O. 3rdL.C.S.
and Lydiard.

S.L.

Sail as ordered forthwith

1860

570

APPENDIX II.

Date, I
Time of ' From

Despatch.

yys-
iem.

2 JUNE \-cont.
6.52 p.m. S.O. 2nd C.S.

6.5.5

«.55

7.5

S.O. 2nd C.S.

Admiralty - C.-in-C.

C.-in-C.

7.5 — Minotaur
7.7 — Sliannon

7. 10 — Admiralty

7.10— C.-in-C,

Shannon and ' S.L. Constance tnay be sighted any time after

Hampshire. 7 p.m

C.-in-C. - W/T My position, course and speed at 6 p.m.

58 9' N., 1 45' E., N. 47 W., advancing
14 knots, spread, looking out for H.M.S.
Broke.
L/T The loss of the Battle Cruisers and Cruisers
will necessitate a reorganisation and
reduction in the number of squadrons of
Battle Cruisers and the Light Cruisers
associated with them and Armoured
Cruisers. What arrangement do you
propose ?

Admiralty - L/T Malaya damage consists of two or more
I holes under water, one 6-in. gim com-

pletely out of action, upper deck in the
I vicinity drooped, superplating in the
vicinity badly damaged. Roof plate of
I } turret requires refastening and loading

bogey of turret jammed. Extensive wir-
ing and renewal of piping required.
Propose to send her Invergordon to-
morrow Saturday. Admiral Invergordon
informed. Barham Officers' heads com-
pletely wrecked. Superstructure cabins
port side and Gun room wrecked. Ex-
tensive damage main deck, lower deck
abreast of forward medical distributing
station. All pipes under deck broken and
extensive wiring required. All cabins in
after cabin flat wrecked and main deck
badly damaged. Considered this ship
case for Southern Dockyard. Request
early reply if she can be taken. Devon-
port preferred if possible.
Remarks : Challenged and exchanged

pendants with Constance.

Re C.-in-C. 's cypher 0630 of to-day. Was

Brake's Latitvde 57^ 10' or 58" 10'?

Active has searched 58'.

Reply : Those instructions were cancelled-

L/T ! Salvage ship Linnet left Dover 11 a.m.

j to-day for Humber, speed nine knots.

I She is fully equipped with all salvage

, appliances and ample pumping power.

i Captain Pomeroy, Admiralty Salvage

Officer, is proceeding by train with orders

to report to yovi to-morrow morning.

L/T Our losses : Queen Mary, Indefatigable,

i Invincible, Defence, Black Prince, Spar-

rowhawk. Ardent, Fortune, Tipperary,

Turbulent. Also missing at present :

Shark,Nestor,Nomad. Severely damaged:

Acasta, Warrior, Broke, Marlborough,

Malaya, Warspite. Damaged : Barham.

Some Battle Cruisers, Light Cruisers and

Destroyers damaged but efficient. Known

enemy's losses : One Battleship Kaiser

class blown up in Destroyer attack. One

Battleship Kaiser class believed simk by

gunfire. One Battle Cruiser, probably

Derflinger, heavily engaged by battlefleet

S.O. 2nd C.S. S.L.

Admiral, Imni-
ingham.

Admiralty

1835

1855

1900

1920
1910

APPENDIX II.

671

From

Sys-
tem.

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

cont.

(losliiig. Admiralty

Gothenburg.

Cai-ysfort
C.-in-C.

C.-in-C.

Constance

Shannon

S.Os. of Squad-
rons and Com
modore F.

S.O.SndC.S. -

S.O. 2nd C.S.-

S.O. 2nd C.S.

L/T

Ad. Supt.
Newcastle -
on-TjTie.

Active

Admiralty

S.N.O. Har- \ Admiralty

wich. I

C.-in-C.

Rosyth.
Minotaur
C.-in-C.

Rosyth.
C.-in-C.

Rosyth.

Constance

Active

Admiralty

Admiralty
Admiralty
Admiralty

Active -
Cochrane

Sem.
and
Tel.

W/T
S.L.

S.L.

L/T

L/T
L/T
L/T

W/T
S.L.

seen to be disabled and stopping. Lutzow
seen to be seriously damaged. One Battle
Cruiser considered by V.A.C. Battle
Cruisers to be blown up. No particulars.
One Light Cruiser, six Destroyers seen to
sink. At least two more Light Cruisers
seen to be disabled. Three other Battle-
ships that were engaged seen to be
repeatedly hit. One Submarine rammed
and sunk. Fuller report follows.

Swedish S.S. Balder arrived here to-day
with cutter Nomad and smaller boat
marked S. 64.

Remarks : Carysfort secured -

Report when ships under your command
are fuelled and ready for action.

Replies : 4th L.C.S., with the exception of
Constance and one 4-in. gun in Calliope,
7.35 p.m. 4th B.S., midnight. 2nd B.S.,
4.45 a.m. 1st B.S., 6 a.m.

Send Hampshire to base

Constance and Active have searched to the
north and east, and are now searching
towards Peterhead unless you have
other instructions for me. Reply : I
have no instructions.

Assuming Broke in a northern position
last night and damaged forward she will
probably have borne up for Norway or be
laying to. Submitted if we are to search
for Broke we should make broad sweep
towards Skersund and Listor Fiord. By
steering S.E. we migJU get into wireless
touch with her.

A chilles docked. Will be completed and
leave 6 p.m. to-morrow Saturday.

Remarks : Sighted 2nd C.S. -

Carysfort, Cleopatra, Conquest, Aurora,
Undaunted, Lightfoot, Nimrod, Mentor,
Miranda, Manly, Myngs, Murray, Milne,
Loyal, Leonidas, arrived.

3rd L.C.S., Moorsom, Morris and Liberty
sailed.

Remarks : Sighted Active bearing N.W. -

Fearless arrived .....

Pigeon arrived .....

Request I may be informed whether any
hopes may be held out to inquirers as
to fate of Nestor. Reply : Nestor, No-
mad and Shark are considered lost.

I intend to steer present course during the
night. At 3.30 a.m. N. 11^ E. and
return to base.

What is your position, course and speed?
Reply : 58° 2.5' N., 0' 48' E., N. 47' W„
14 knots

1920

1926

1945

1955

IM'i

1955

2000
1958

2030

672

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

Sys-
tem.

Message.

2 JUNE
9.1 p.m.

9.6
9.11

9.17 —
9.20 —
9.22 —
9.35 —

9.44 —

9.45 —

9.47 —

9.48 —

10.13

10.35 —
10.40 —

10.46 —

— cont.
S.O. 2nd C.S.

C.-in-C.

S.N.O. Aber-
deen.
S.O. B.CF. -

Admiralty
S.O. 2nd B.C.S.

W/T

R.A. Cyclops Admiralty
S.O. Cruisers Cruisers

R.A. Cyclops
Minotaur

R.A. Inver-
gorden.
C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F..

S.0.2ndB.C.S.

Active

S.O. Cruisers
Dunfermline-

S.0.3rdL.C.S.

Admiralty

Admiralty
Admiralty

S.O. 1st B.C.S.

Captain Dl and
D13.

Constance

Cruisers
Admiralty

S.O. 2nd C.S.

L/T
F.L.

L/T

L/T
L/T
Tel.

F.L.

W/T

W/T
L/T

W/T

Possible position of Broke in Latitude
of 57 given in your 0630 has not been
searched yet. Request instructions as to
future movements.

Reply : Continue the search for Broke to-
morrow Saturday to S. and W. of area
already searched by you and return to
base by dawn 4th June.

Nonsuch arrived

Have you ascertained whether there are
any survivors from Indefatigable?

Reply : Have been informed a .single
survivor was picked up. Will endeavour
to verify. Have also tried to trace man
in hospital and elsewhere.

Achates arrived .....

Proceed at 12 knots at 10 p.m. -

Relentless arrived - - . -

Remarks : Sighted Submarine on
bow. Submarine made O.L. (?)
arc lamp. 9.38 opened fire.
Submarine sunk.

Moon and Moionsey arrived

port
with
9.42

Battlefleet at four hours' notice and ready
for action.

Have you ascertained whether there are any
survivors from Queen Mary ?

Reply : It is understood that four Midship-
men and 1 3 men were picked up by Laurel.

Request you will inform me if any sur-
vivors of Indefatigable were rescued?

Reply from Captain Dl : I regret to say
what I saw I do not think it possible
there was a single survivor. There
were certainly none rescued.

Reply from Captain D13 : None of the
Destroyers of 13th Flotilla have reported
having survivors of Indefatigable on
board.

My position, course and speed at 9 p.m.
58° 25' N., 0° 48' E., S. 56° W., 12
knots. Am I to follow your instruc-
tions in returning to base at 3.30 a.m.

Repl3^ : Use your own judgment as to
returning to base.

At 11 p.m. alter course together to S. by E.,
14 knots, without signal.

Arrangements have been made to place
Tiger in No. 2 dock, a.m. to-morrow
Saturday. Repairs small.

My position, course and speed at 10 p.m.
56° 17' N., 2° 17' W., East, 18 knots.
Proceeding to search for Warrior and
Destroyers unaccounted for. Request
area you will search to-morrow Saturday
and area already searched so that I may
search elsewhere.

APPENDIX II.

573

2 JUNE —cont.

11.5 p.m. C.-in-C.

Admiralty

11.8 — S.N.O. Aber- t Admiralty

I deen. j

11.17— S.N.O. Har- I Admiralty

wich.
11.30— C.-in-C. - Admiralty

L/T

L/T
L/T

Reply: Area searched 57^ 5' N to58°N.,
2" E. to 4^ E., 13 miles N.E. and S.W.
of a line through 57^ 49' N., 2" 58' E.,
to 0" 30' E, My position 11 p.m. 58"
49' N., 0° 6' W. My course and speed
S. by E, 14 knots, sweeping 12 miles
either side of this line till 4 a.m. Course
will be altered so as to sweep a line
parallel to this to the northward and
westward.

Submarine sunk by gunfire by Minotaur
in 58" 32' N., 0^ 20' E., at 9.35 p.m.
2nd June.

Further message from C.-in-C, 1.4 p.m,
June 4th :
After investigation I am convinced that
Submarine was E.30. She was uninjured
and has arrived at Blyth.

Acasta arrived . . . . -

Laforey, Lawford, Lookout, Laverock,
Lance, Lasso, Lysander, Lark arrived.

At 3.50 p.m. on 31st May V.A.C. Battle
Cruiser Fleet reported himself engaged
with Enemy Battle Cruisers steering about
E.S.E., Enemy to the northward. Inde-
fatigable was sunk 10 minutes after
commencement of action by shell ex-
ploding in magazine. Queen Mary half
an hour later, probably same cause.
Subsequent to this 5th B.S., which had
been in the rear, got into action and
shortly afterwards Enemy's battlefleet,
which had been reported as in sight by
2nd L.C.S., appeared and V.A. B.C.F.
turned round, followed by 5th B.S. I
had sent 3rd B.C.S., which was 20 miles
ahead of me, to support B.C.F. on
learning of the Enemy being in sight,
the battlefleet being at this time over
30 miles to the North, steering for the
scene of action at 20 knots. 3rd B.C.S.
apparently joined B.C.F. about 5 p.m.,
and Invincible was blown up either by
shell in magazine or mine or torpedo.
At 5.44 p.m. Cruisers and Light Cruisers
ahead of battlefleet were seen to be
altering course to port, battlefleet's
course then being S.E. by South. The
weather was very misty, visibility being
about six miles to the westward and less
to the eastward Cruisers and Light
Cruisers opened fire as they turned, and
heavy fire was also heard on the star-
board bow and flashes were seen in that
direction. There was much doubt as to
the situation as the firing was going on
all round and nothing was in sight, but
at 5.50 p.m. I sighted our Battle Cruisers
bearing S.S.W. standing E.S.E. and
engaged. I reduced speed to allow the
Battle Cruisers to pass ahead of me and

2335

2120

574

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

From

2 JUNE ,—coHt.
11,30 p.m. j C.-in-C.

Admiralty

Sys-
tem.

L/T—
contd.

deployed on pert ^ving column, course
S.E. by E. Some ships of 1st C.S. had
prior to deployment altered course to
S.W., apparently to reach western end of
battle line. They then got between
battlefleet and the Enemy, who were still
not in sight from battlefleet and at
6.15 p.m. Defence was hit several times
and blew up, a second ship, probably
Warrior, being also heavily hit. At
6.14 p.m. Enemy's three-funnel Cruiser
with two Destroyers was seen approaching
from southward. Iron Duke and other
Battleships opened heavy fire at 10,000
yards. She was very heavily hit and
passed out of sight. At 6.22 three ships
of Konig class were sighted by Iron Duke
bearing about South, range about 11,500
yards. They were heavily engaged by
battlefleet and a great many hits were
observed. At 6.30 p.m. they all turned
to starboard and passed out of sight. At
6.35 p.m. our Battle Cruisers were seen
turning to starboard. At 6.44 p.m.
battlefleet altered course by 9 Pendant
to South. Wreck of Invincible was
passed at 7.4 p.m. At 7.2 p.m. Marl-
borough, which had previously avoided
three torpedoes, was hit by a torpedo or
mine. Enemy Battle Cruiser, probably
Derfilinger, was seen about this time and
heavily engaged by large number of
ships and apparently disabled. At 7.15
p.m. an Enemy Destroyer flotilla supported
by Cruisers was seen approaching from
the westward at about 9,000 yards and
battlefleet was turned four points to
port when the Destroyers turned to fire.
Destroyers were heavily engaged by
battlefleet and several were seen to be
hit. At 7.35 p.m. battlefleet turned to
S.W. to endeavour to regain touch with
Enemy, and Enemy's battlefleet were
sighted for a few minutes to the westward
at 7.55. At 8 p.m. the battlefleet were
turned to West by divisions to close but
could not get in touch, but the B.C.F.
were heard to be firing from a position
about six miles ahead of the battlefleet. i
The battlefleet in the endeavour to close
had altered course at intervals from S.E. <
by E. to West. At 8.22 another Destroyer ■
attack took place and the fleet was
turned away, and 4th L.C.S. and flotillas
sent to attack Enemy Destroyers. 4th
L.C.S. sank at least two Destroyers. At ;
9 p.m. hght being very bad, mist in- i
creasing, fleet was turned to a course I
South to pass between Mine Area 1 and ;
Horn Reef in order to intercept Enemy I
should he return by either Sylt or Ems '
channels. Flotillas were disposed five i

APPENDIX II.

675

Message.

Time

o£

lOrigin.

Admiralty • L/T — j miles astem of fleet. At 10 p.m. Abdiel
! contd. I was despatched to lay mines to the
j I southward of Horn Reei L.V. which

I ' operation she carried out successfully.

During the night, 11th and 4th Destroyer
Flotillas became heavily engaged with
Enemy's forces of Battle Cruisers and
Light Cruisers. 4th Destroyer Flotilla
suffered considerably. A large number
of torpedoes were fired and several are
claimed to have hit. At 2 a.m. 12th
Destroyer Flotilla attacked a line of
Battleships of the Kaiser class which
were steering S.E. by S. The third
Battleship in the line was blown up. At
2.30 a.m. 1st June the fleet being then to
the southwestward of Horn Reef, course
was altered to North to collect the fleet
and Destroyers in readiness to renew the
action. Visibility three mUes. V.A.C.
1st B.S. transferred his flag from Marl-
borough to Revenge, Marlborough being
detached to dock. Our Destroyers did
not rejoin till 9.30 a.m. owing to low
visibility and imcertainty of positions.
A Zeppelin was sighted 3.45 a.m. and
driven off by gunfire. The whole of
area from the Horn Reef up to position
where the action commenced was
thoroughly swept by the battlefleet well
opened out and B.C.F., the water being
traversed several times. A good deal of
wreckage was seen but no Enemy's ships,
and at 11 a.m. all our disabled ships
being then on their way home the fleet
steered for bases. The conditions were
most difficult on both 31st May and 1st
June. The visibility was extremely low
to the eastward and at times almost as
bad to the westward, but occasionally
and particularly when the Battle Cruiser
action was taking place the visibility to
the westward was distinctly good whilst
to the eastward it was very bad. The
Enemy had immense advantage in this
respect. During Battle Cruiser action
the R.A.C. 5th B.S. reports that when
he came into action he could only fire
at the flashes of the Enemy guns whilst
the visibihty in the opposite direction
was as much as 12 miles. When the
battlefleet arrived the Enemy showed no
inclination to fight, and the thick mist
rendered evasion of action easy. The
greater part of the fighting fell to the lot
of the B.C.F. and 5th B.S., and I cannot
praise too highly the spirit animating
the OflBcers and men of these squadrons
and of the whole fleet. It was worthy
of the best traditions of the Service.
The Destroyer flotillas pressed home their
attacks with great determination and

676

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

Message.

2 JUNE —cont.
11.30 a.m. C.-in-C.

^3 JUNE

12.10 a.m. S.O. B.C.F.

12.16— ! S.O, B.C.F. -

Admiralty

Admiralty-
Admiralty

L/T — success, ably supported by the Light
contd. Cruiser squadrons. The battlefleet took
the fullest advantage of the few oppor-
tunities of engaging which the weather
conditions, the short amount of daylight
and the Enemy's tactics afforded. I
deplore the loss of many gallant Officers
and men, but they died, as the wounded
are behaving, with the greatest fortitude.
L/T Request that an inspector of heavy
ordnance be sent to inspect guns of
B.C.F.
L/T Left base 10.15 p.m. 30th May vrith Lion,
Ist B.C.S., New Zealand, Indefatigable,
5th B.S. less Queen EUzabeth, 1st, 2nd,
3rd L.C.S., Fearless, nine of 1st
Destroyer Flotilla, Charapion, 10 of 13th
Destroyer Flotilla, eight boats of Har-
wich Force and Engadine. Sighted
Enemy Light Cruisers 2.20 p.m. 31st
May. Engadine launched seaplane. We
sighted five Enemy Battle Cruisers and
Destroyers 3.30 p.m. 56" 52' N., 5 22'
E. Engaged them at 3.48 p.m., steer-
ing E.S.E., bearing N.N.E. parallel
courses. 4 p.m. Indefatigable blew up,
magazine exploded by shell fire. 4.26
p.m. Queen Mary blew up, same cause.
4.8 p.m. 5th B.S. appeared to engage
rear of Enemy. 4.30 p.m. Enemy's
Destroyers moved out to attack us and
were met by our Destroyers who repelled
them and attacked Enemy's Battle
Cruisers with torpedo. Nestor and
Nomad did not return. Remainder ac-
counted for. 4.38 p.m. 2nd L.C.S.
stationed ahead reported Enemy's battle-
fleet ahead. 4.42 p.m. sighted Enemy's
battlefleet and altered course to North.
Enemy Battle Cruisers also altered
course. 5th B.S. on meeting formed
astern and continued engagement. At
this time there were distinct signs of
Enemy fire being overpowered, and third
ship was seen in flames with clouds of
smoke and seemed to disappear. We
gradually altered course roxind head of
hne, which was reduced in speed to
N.E. by N. 5.56 p.m. sighted Grand
Fleet. 6 p.m. Enemy appeared to be
severely hit bearing S.E. ; they hauled
ofi to starboard. We conformed. 6.15
p.m. again sighted Enemy's Battleships
S.S.W. Defence and Warrior crossed
our bows from port to starboard,
causing us to haul to port to clear them
and to cease firing. 6.21 p.m. 3rd
B.C.S. joined from Grand Fleet, taking
station ahead of Lion, engaging Enemy's
Battle Cruisers who fired on Invnucible.
She blew up 6.36 p.m., salvo in magazine.
Lion proceeding full speed drew ahead

APPENDIX n.

577

3 JUNE -..•0/)/.
I2.1fia.m. S.O. H.C.F. -

Admiralty

1.4 — I C.-in-C. Active,* Con-

•2.18— ! S.O. B.C.F. - S.O. 3rd L.C.S,

4.29— ! Broke - - i S.O. 2nd:C.S.

5.19
6.7 ■
6.10

S.0.3rdL.C.S.
C.-in-C.

C.-in-C. and

S.O. B.C.F.
S.O. 2nd C.S. -

R.A. Cyclops Admiralty

L/T-
contd.

W/T
W/T

W/T

W/T
W/T
L/T

and ordered 3rd B.C.S. to take station
astern. Reduced to 18 knots and closed
Enemy's van, concentrating heavy fire
on leading ship. Forced them to alter
course and led battlefleet so that we
were between Enemy and his base,
steering S.W. in fluctuating light
we lost sight of Enemy. 7.58 p.m.
ordered 3rd L.C.S. and 1st L.C.S. who
were ahead to sweep to westward to
locate head of Enemy's line. 8.22 p.m.
Enemy re-opened on Light Cruisers. 8.30
p.m. we again sighted and engaged
leading Enemy Battle Cruiser, only two
being sighted. She was struck by two
salvoes, bvirst into flames with columns
of smoke, heavy explosion taking place
on board. She- disappeared. Enemy
Battleships were then sighted and opened
fire on us, necessitating our hauling out
to port. Minotaiu- in sight on our port
quarter reported Grand Fleet not in
sight, so at 9.30 p.m. altei-ed course to
South 17 knots in accordance with
C.-in-C. 's order, placing Light Cruisers
ahead and to starboard to act as a
screen. Owing to mist and fighting for
some periods at extreme visibility no
accurate data of damage to Enemy can
be given but considered to be great.
Battle Cruisers were not engaged after
nightfall. 1 desire to express my great
regret at loss of Rear-Admiral Hood,
Captains Sowerby, Prowse and Cay, and
the many gallant Officers and men.
There were few survivoi'S. Rear-Admiral
Hood brought his squadron into action
in a most gallant, effective and inspiring
manner. His death is a loss to the
nation.
Return to Scapa

3rd L.C.S. should search area S. of 57" 10'
N. and E. of 3° 30' E. Warrior would
probably drift two or three miles an
hour to S.E.

Approximate position 3 a.m. 3rd June
56^ 21' N., O"" 12' E., course W., 6
knots. Will you inform S.N.O. Tyne
River Broke arrives damaged 6 p.m. 3rd.
Require tug on arrival, also living
accommodation and clothing for 160
men. 14 cot cases.

{Passed to C.-in-C, S.O. 3rd L.C.S.,
Bonaventure. )

Torpedo passed under Gloucester 4 a.m.
Lat. 56 48' N., 0 33' E.

Return to base

Hampshire arrived . - - - -

X 12872

O o

578

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

3 JUNE — cont.

8.57 a.ni.. Talisman %

9.7 —

11.20 —

11.46 —
(reed.)

1.7 p.m.

Immingham-

North Shields

C.-in-C.

Immingham-

Admiralty

W/T

L/T

Admiralty

S.O. B.C.F.

L/T

Admiralty

L/T

Message.

Time

of
Origin.

Submarines at rendezvous nought one
have been attacked by Enemy Sub-
marines. Submarines have dived. Talis-
man has left vicinity but will be within
W/T touch of Submarines.

Reply : Return to base at once - - ;

Survivors state Shark was in action with '
Enemy's Battle Cruisers and Destroyers j
for an hour from 6 p.m. Engines and j
steering gear disabled about 6.1.'} p.m. j
All guns out of action except one by |
6.30 p.m. Ship simk by toi-pedo from ,
Enemy's Destroyer 7 p.m. They think
they are only survivors. Torpedo -man
states toipedo from Shark hit four-funnel j
German Cruiser but does not Icnow
whether ship sank. Report by letter .
follows.

Officer commanding Spitfire reports that hej
torpedoed a four-funnel Cruiser Gemian ;
of the Konigsberg class and that she
was seen to heel over.
I trust you are well. Please accept my
sincere congratulations on the action oJ
the forces under your Command under
the difficult and disadvantageous condi-
tions of light and weather which existed
for you. The heavy losses which I
deeply deplore appear to be largely due ;
to those conditions, and your ships in- j
flicted very severe damage to the Enemy
although the great defensive strength of
their ships saved more from becoming
total losses. Words cannot express my
deep sympathy with relatives and friends
of the gallant officers and men who have ;
gone under.

Reply. Many thanks for your kind and
sympathetic telegram and for congratu- :
lations which I am conveying to ships
here. Thank you I am well. j

Marlborough fore part damaged to 66 i
station. Damage to starboard side
from 66 to 111, centre of damage about
90 bulkhead, outer and inner bottom '•
apparently destroyed in wake. Water
in following compartments : starboard
wings and bunkers from 66 to 111 and
watertight compartments 66 to 90
starboard, all of which are full up to
main or middle deck. Outer parts of
90 bulkhead destroyed. Starboard

longitudinal bulkhead "A" boiler room
badly bulged and weakened, with after
door so distorted as to admit consider- ■
able quantities of water into boiler room, |
and it is considered these bunkers are i
fully open to the sea. Bulkhead has
been shored as much as possible. Pro-
pose vessel be docked in Tyne floating
dock if possible to effect temporary
repairs to bulkhead and outer bottom

0845

1055

APPENDIX II.

579

Date,
Time of From

Despatch

3 JUNE —coHt.

1.20— C-in-C.

before proceeding elsewhere for perma-
nent repairs. Nothing has been done
with ship's divers owing to strong tide
and muddincss of river. Draught of
wsiter forward 83 ft. G in., aft 31 ft.
0 in. List to starboard 2J with about
200 tons of trimming water port side.
Previous to trimming, hst was 6J ".
Ship's Officers, Admiralty Officera and
yard concur. Vessel will be ready to
proceed to Tyne Sunday night for
j (locking iMondav morning.

Admiralty and L T | Barham will leave p.m. to-day Saturday
C.-in-C. for Devonport. Following is damage as

Devonport. ascertained. Two holes in embrasure

plating starboard side abreast forward
6-in. gun. Main deck plating starboard
side abreast B turret and over medical
store and distributing station will require
complete renewal in places. Beams
and brackets in vicinity of connecting
deck to barbette buckled. Auxiliary
W T cabinet wrecked, requires complete
renewal. Exhaust fans and trunking to
oil driven generating room and hydraulic
engine room between main deck and
upper deck will require renewal. All
ventilating fans, heaters, etc., supplying
mess deck and all brine pipes, electric
leads, voice pipes underneath upper deck
in vicinity require replacing. Middle
deck in medical distributing station, voice
pipes, electric leads, etc., under middle
deck in lower conning tower flat require
renewal in places. Hatch to medical
store requires renewal. 82 bulkhead
perforated in places and buckled slightly
between main deck and upper deck.
Starboard side new watertight door
required. Officers' heads on forecastle
deck level aft completely shattered. All
trunks, ventilation and aerial, in vicinity
completely wrecked. Gun room and
cabin port side of upper deck wrecked.
Trunk to wing engine room, ventilator
and ventilation trunks and fans in
vicinity badly damaged. Holes in upper
and main deck between 184 and 186
stations port side. Pipes under and
ventilation fan D 65 and trunking in
vicinity require renewal. All cabins
between 237 station and Admiral's dining
cabin completely gutted. All pipes,
wiring, etc., ventilation trunking in this
flat will require renewal. Shot hole in
ship's side in this vicinity, and large
holes in middle and main deck. Cabins
between these stations on middle deck
will require renewal. Side frames and
brackets connecting to main deck under
badly buckled and distorted. No apparent
damage to side armour plates. Request
all material possible be hastened.

Oo 2

580

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

ncspalch.

Message.

3 JUNE -cont.
L'. 40 p. til. C.-in-C.

Admiralty

3.6 —

3.10

4.11

4.4!) —

4.28

4..")(; —

C.-in-C

Admiralty

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F. -

Dublin

S.N.O. Tyne

L/T Urgent. My report of action should be

corrected as follows. The three torpe-

i does were avoided by Marlborough at

' 8 p.m., not prior to 7.2 p.m. These

torpedoes were probably from Enemy's

Destroyers. Rear divisions of battlefleet

were engaged with Enemy's battlefleet

for considerable time between 7 and 8

j p.m., although Enemy was only visible

from van for short period. Submit

communications to press re Enemy's

casualties and our own, and general

j history of action, may be amended to

I agree with my reports of the action.

Last night's communique magnifies ours

and minimises Enemy's casualties, and

gives somewhat false impression of action

generally.

L/T Barham sails to-day Saturday for Devon-
i port by Minch and Irish Sea. Two
Destroyers from Scapa will screen her
as far as the Smalls. It is submitted
that they may be relieved there at 3.30
a.m., Monday, 5th June, by two De-
stroyers from the Southern Command
to screen her to Devonport.

L/T Your 1050. Konigsberg had only 3 funnels
report time, position, and class of ship
torpedoed by Spitfire. Reply. Spitfire
reports about 7 p.m., 31st May, position
unknown, 4 tall funnels, attacked from
N.W., torpedoes seen to hit.

S.O. 3rd L.C.S.; W/T

What is youi' position, course and speed?

Reply : Mv position, course and speed

56 28' X., T)- 13' E., course S.E., 16.

Bonaventure

Newton S.S.- : Admiralty

Admiralty

C.-in-C.

W/T 1 Landrail and Teiniagant now screening
{ me to Tyne ar(^ ordered to proceed
I from there to Harwich. Should they
I keep to War Channel from TjTie to
j Sunk L.V. If not, request route.
L/T I 3rd, 3.30 p.m. Position, course and speed
Dublin and two T.B.Ds. N.E. nine
miles, South 18. Four Destroyers with
Broke now proceeding W., 14 knots.

L/T Following from H.M. the King. I am
deeply touched by the message which
you have sent me on behalf of the Grand
Fleet. It reaches me on the morrow of
a battle which has once more displayed
the splendid gallantry of the Officers and
men under your command. I mourn
the loss of brave men, many of them
personal friends of my own, who have
fallen in their country's cause. Yet
even more do I regret that the German
High Seas Fleet, in spite of its heavy
j losses, was enabled by the misty weather
I to evade the full consequences of an i

APPENDIX II.

581

5.45 p.m.

6.15 —

6.30— i

7.0 —

w.s.s.

Admiialty -

R.A. Cyclops

Adniiralty

R.A. K a s t
Coast and
S.N.O. Tyne.

Admiralt\-

S.O. B.C.F. - General

7.47 -
(reed.)

9 —

(reed.)

C.-in-C.

S.O. B.C.F.

Admii-altv - S.O. B.C.F.

lO.lOp.m. S.O. B.C.F.. Battle Cruisers

Princess Royal

Tiger

encounter they have always professed to
desire, but for which when the oppor-
tunity arrived they showed no inchnation.
Though the retirement of the Enemy
immediately after the opening of the
general engagement robbed us of the
opportunity of gaining a decisive victory,
the events of last Wednesday amply
j justify my confidence in the valour and
I eflSciency of the fleets under your
command.

L/T Dul)lin entered Tyne. Landrail, Terma-
gant pas.sed station South.

L/T Marlborough should proceed to Tyne to-
morrow evening if ready.

L/T Minotaur, Cochrane, Shannon, Duke of
Edinburgh arrived.

S.L. Following telegram received from C.-in-C.
G.F. begins : Please accept my sincere
congratulations on the action of the
forces under your command, under the
difficult and disadvantageous conditions
of light which existed for j'ou. Your
ships inflicted very severe damage to
the Enemy. Words cannot express my
deep sympathy with relatives and friends
of the gallant Officers and men who
have gone under. Ends. I wish to
add my own congratulations to those of
our C.-in-C. and my great sympathy
with relatives and friends of those who
died so gloriously. I am even prouder
than ever of my command. No Admiral
could have wished to be better served.
Thank you.

L/T j Please direct Captain of Warrior to report
whether all secret and confidential
matter was removed from Warrior or
destroyed.

L/T Can you give probable names of Enemy's
Battle Cruisers on 31st May ? Did you
identify Von dfi- Tann or was a new
vess"! there ?

F.L. I Please inform me what Battle Cruisers you

identified and the sequence in which they

1 were formed. State tvhich you engaged

and their positions in the line. This is

to identify what Enemy Battle Cruisers

j were present. Reply as early as possible.

— I Reply : Lutzow, Derfflinger, Seydlitz,
I Moltke, Von der Tann. At the com-

mencernent Princess Royal concentrated
] on leading ship.

— I Hindenburg, Lutzow, Derfflinger, Seydlitz,

Moltke. Engaged Seydlitz, fourth ship in
the line, until Queen Mary .sank, then
I Derfflinger, third ship.

682

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

3 JUNE—

From

cont.
Indom 'liable

Inflexible

Sys-
tem.

Message.

11.20 p.m. C-in-C.
(reed.)

4 JUNE

12.5 a.m. C.-in-C.
(reed.)

S.O. B.C.F.

12.38 — C.-in-C. - S.O. 3rd L.C.S.

I
8.35— C.-in-C. - S.O. 3rd L.C.S.

L/T

W/T

9.25 — C.-in-C.
(reed.)

S.O. B.C.F.

9.40— , S.O. B.C.F. - 1 Admiralty

10.22— S.0.3rd L.C.S. C.-in-C.

11.44 _ C.-in-C.
(reed.)

S.O. B.C.F.

In action at 6.30 p.m. Scydlitz, Derjf- |

linger and aiiother. We engaged Derff- :

linger. In action at 8.30 p.m. Seydlitz \

and either Derfflinger or a Battleship. !

We engaged Seydlitz. \

Cannot identify any German Battle Cruiser. —
It is considered that Inflexible was only
engaged with German D read n might Battle-
ships and Light Cruisers.

What Battle Cruisers are fit for action at 230J
present ?

Reply. Ships ready for immediate service OOOt
New Zealand, Indomitable, Inflexible.
Ships whose fighting efficiency is im-
paired and whose seaworthiness is not
complete. Lion, Princess Royal, Tiger.
These could fight in emergency.

Warrior's report 31st May just received. 234(
Call on Captain to report exact condition
of ship when abandoned and chances of
her remaining afloat in the heavy
weather which prevailed on 1st June.

Report area searched yesterday 0001

Reply to C.-in-C. and S.O. B.C.F. : Area 0121
enclosed bv lollovving lines will be com-
pleted 8 a.m. from 57 5' N., 3 E., 76
miles E. by S., 20 miles S. by W., 50
miles S.E., 30 miles S.W.. 120 miles N.W.
Bow of Destroyer, nationality unknown,
found 56 25' N., 6 40' E.

WT Pricrjtv. Search between Lat. 57 ON., 0835
57 30' N., Long. 4 0' E., 5 0' E.

L/T Ask Captain of Warrior when he last saw
Black Prince and v/hat her position was
then with reference to Battle Fleet.

L/T From reports of ships present it appears
that German Battle Cruisers engaged
were Liitzow, Moltke, Derfflinger, Von
der Tann and one new vessel of greater
displacement than Liitzow. Visibility
made identification extremely difficult.

W/T My position 56 15' N., 3 E. Have just
commenced unsearched strip extending
55 miles E. by S. Propose subject to
your approval complete and then search
area ordered, finishing 2000 instead of
1600. Reply : Approved.

L/T Urgent. Priority. For Captain of War-
rior. Hasten reply to my 1910 and
2340 of 3rd June. Telegraph details
of sinking of Enemy's Light Cruiser
reported in your letter from Engadine.
dated 31st May also whether position

APPENDIX II.

583

Date,

Time of

Despat<'h.

From

Sys-
tem.

4 JUNE —cvnt.

2.0 p.m. C.-in-C,
.3.20 — C.-in-C.

S.O. 3rd L.C.S. W/T

Admiralty

L/T

4.2.5 — C.-in-C.

Naval Depot,
N. Shields.

L/T

Me.S3agj.

given in which Warrior was abandoned
is considered to be accurate.
Reply. Captain of Warrior reports Cyphers
thrown overboard, also Signal Books in
use.* . . . Written statement follows.
When abandoned stem of ship was 2 or
3 feet above water, stern about normal
draught, every sea washing over upper
deck, at least 2 feet of water on main deck,
decks and bulkheads terribly shattered
by shell fire and no longer water-tight.
Ship settling down, stability gone, con-
sider no chance of remaining afloat in
increasing heavy weather prevailing,
probably sank in 2 or 3 hours at most.
Black Prince last seen 5.50 p.m.Slst
May, position F or G. I received uncon-
firmed report that Black Prince or Duke
of Edinburgh was seen to sink 10 minutes
after Defence. At 5.45 p.m Defence and
Warrior fired on Enemy Light Cruiser
Russian type for about half hour at
13,500 to 6,500 yards. She was seen
to sink about 6.30 p.m. bearing about
S.S.E. from Warrior and S.S.W. from
Lion. Warrior was abandoned about
15 miles North (magnetic) from position
given.

Return to base on completion of search -

Priority. Urgent. I suggest claim for
victory on the part of the German.^
should be met by the immediate publica-
tion in the press of the fact that the
British fleet remained on and to the
southward of the scene of action during
the greater part of 1st June looking for
the Enemy.

Your 2252, 3rd June. Was Spitfire with
remainder of 4th Flotilla at the time she
attacked the 4-funnelIed cruiser? If
not, what was her position relative to
remainder of Flotilla ? Was cruiser aloue
01 was she in company with other vessels ?
If so, v.'hat class were they, and how
many? Is there any possibihty of ship
attacked being a British 4-funnelled
Armoured Cruiser?

R^ply. Spitfire reports position unknown
owing to loss of bridge, times approxi-
mate v/as next asteru of Tipperary, in
line of Destroyers believed in station 5
miles &stern of Battle Fleet, about 11 p.m.
31st May, when attacked by 4 Enemy
Cruisers from N., which sank Tipperary.
Spitfire fired torpedo at 2nd in line, seen
to hit, Enemy hsted badly, beheved sunk.
Had 4 very taU funnels. Commanding
OflBcer emphatic on vessel being Enemy.
Spitfire just after rammed port bow to I

Part omitted lefers to disposal of secret documents only.

584

APPENDIX II.

Til no

'I'iinc of

Despatch.

Im(

Sys-
tern.

Message.

Time
I of
Origin.

4 JUNE

cont.

6.10 p.m. C.-in-C.

6.45 — C.-in-C.

8.0 —

Office of Chief
Censor, Ad-
miralty.

Admiralty

Press Bureau -

port bow Enemy's Cruiser with 3 perpen-
dicular tunnels, 1 red band on every
tunnel, 2 cranes. Spitfire carried off 20
teet Enemy's side plating, about 11.30
p.m. Enemy's Battle Cruiser with 2
funnels tar apart parsed close astern of
Spitfire, steering between S. and W.,
observed on fire between funnels and on
forecastle.

L/T Can you telegraph any information as to
general appearance of Wiesbaden class
of German Light Cruiser, particularly
whether she has thr'^e or four funnels ?

L/T I hope to be able to wire more definite
information as to German losses to-night
Sunday.

The Secretary of the Admiralty makes
the following announcement. Until the
C.-in-C. has had time to consult the
Officers engaged, and to write a full
despatch, any attempt to give a detailed
history of the naval engagement, which
began on the afternoon of the 31st May
and ended in the morning hours of the
1st June, would evidently be premature,
but the results are quite plain. The
Grand Fleet came in touch with the
German High Seas Fleet at 3.30 on the
afternoon of the 31st May. The leading
ships of the two fleets carried on a
vigorous fight, in which Battle Cruisers,
fast Battleships and subsidiary craft all
took an active part. The los.ses were
severe on both sides ; but when the
main body of the British fleet came into
contact with the German High Seas
Fleet, a verj- brief period sufficed to
compel the latter, who had been severelj'
punished, to seek refuge in their pro-
tected waters. This manoeuvre was
rendered possible by low visibility and
mist ; and although the Grand Fleet
were now and then able to get into
momenta.ry contact with their opponents
no continuous action was possible.
They continued the pursuit until the
light had wholly failed, while the British
Destroyers were able to make a success-
ful attack upon the Enemy during the
night. Meanwhile Sir John Jellicoe,
having driven the Enemy into port,
returned to the main scene of action
and scoured the seas in search of disabled
vessels. By noon the next daj' (1st
June) it became evident that there was
nothing more to be done. He returned,
therefore, to his bases 400 miles away,
refuelled his fleet, and in the evening of
the 2nd June was again ready to put to

APPENDIX II.

585

J)ate.

Time oi

Despatcli.

4 JUNE— CO/*/.

10.50 p.m.

C.-in-C.

Admiralty

5 JUNE

9.28p.m. Captains.
Harwich.

6 JUNE

12.54 a.m.

Admiralty

Admiralty
C.-in-C.

Sys-
tern.

L/T

2.0 p.m. C.-in-C.

Admiralty

L/T

Message.

sea. The Jii'itish h),s.sc.s lia\e ah'caily
been fully stated, and there is nothing
to add to or subtract from the latest
account published by the Adnn'rally.
The Enemy losses are less easy to deter-
mine. That the accounts they have
given to the world are false is certain,
and we cannot yet be sure of the exact
truth. But from such evidence as has
come to our knowledge the Admiralty
entertain no doubt that the German
losses ai"e hea\'ier than the British, not
merely relatively to the strength of the
two fleets, but absolutely. There seems
to be the strongest ground for supposing
that included in the German losses are
t;vo Battleships, two Dreadnought Battle
Cruisers of the most powerful type, two
of the latest Light Crui.sers (Wiesbaden
and Elbing), a Light Cruiser of the Ro-
stock type, the Light Cruiser Frauenlob,
at least nine Destroyers and Submarine.

Priority. Urgent. After careful examina-
tion of evidence of eye-witnesses from
battlefleet I beg to report that following
German vessels were sunk during day
action of 31st May and Destroyer attacks
night of 31st May 1st June. Battle-
ships and Battle Cruisers, three certain,
one being Battleship Kaiser class ; prob-
ably two more. Light Cruisers, five
certain. Destroyers, six certain. Sub-
marine, one certain.

(Repeated to iS.O. B.C.F.)

Submarines E. 55, E. 26, D. 1 returned
from Horn Reef. Nothing to report.

From Sir Douglas Haig. The Army in
France sends through me the assurance
of their whole-hearted admiration of
your gallant and successful action in the
North Sea. While deploring the losses
amongst our brave comrades in the
Grand Fleet, we all hope the Navy will
yet have its heart's desire of a fight to a
finish, of which the Enemy's discretion
has again robbed you.

I request <hat immediate steps be taken to
prevent the pubheation of such state-
ments as those in articles in issue of
" Weekly Dispatch," dated 4th Jime,
headed " The Lesson of it all." Such
articles are most hurtful to discipline
and morale, and discouraging to the
Officers and men of the fleet. Other
newspapers plainly indicate the time at
which fleet sailed, and its bases. It is
not possible to conduct operations suc-
cessfully under such conditions. A
censorship such as is imposed by War
Office on news from land front should
be at once adopted.

586

APPENDIX II.

Date,

Time of

Despatch.

Kn nil

To ^^^ i Message.

1 '

Time

of
Origin.

6 JUNE

i>.o p.m.

Admiralty

1
C.-in-C. - L'l'

The article in " Weekly Dispatch " had
not been submitted for censorship. The
other articles which indicate time and
date oi sailing were printed in defiance
oi censorship after having been cut out
oif the Press Association's message,
which it is believed supphed all the
offending papers. The cases are now
in hands of Director of Public Prosecu-
tions. The censorship on naval matters
is virtually the same as that on mihtary
matters, but in the event of a naval
battle it has been thought wise to give
as wide a latitude as possible to the
press, relying on their not abusing the
indulgence. The experience of this
occasion will, of course, be borne in
mind.

APPENDIX lU. 687

APPENDIX III.

REPORT BY THE rOMMANDER-IN-CHTEF OF THE OERMAN
HIGH SEA FLEET ON THE BATTLE OF JUTLAND,

Berlin 1916.

LIST OF GERMAN PLANS TO ACCOMPANY THE

REPORT BY THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF THE HIGH SEA

FLEET ON THE BATTLE OF JUTLAND.

APPENDICES I.-VII. CHARTS.

♦German Plan I, — Plan of intended Operations on 31 May 1916.
,, II. — Submarine Patrol Areas.

„ III. — The Advance on 31 May.

,, IV. — Battle Cruiser Action.

,, V. — Movements of German High Sea Fleet and approximate

Position of British Fleet in the Battle of Jutland on
31 May.
„ ' VI. — Diagrams of important Phases of the Battle of Jutland.
VII.— The Return of the Main Fleet, 31 May-1 June.

NOTE. — All times in this report are German (summer tinic) time,
i.e., two hours in advance of Greenwich Mean Time.

The Germans appear to vise the words " armoured cruiser " and " battle
cruiser" indiscriminately; the literal translation has been adopted.

INTERIM REPORT BY THE COMMAND OF THE HIGH SEA
FORCES ON THE BATTLE OF THE SKAGERRAK.

Commander-in-Chief

of the

High Sea Forces.

July 4, 1916.

Your Royal and Imperial ^lajesty's humble servant has the honour
to report on the operation of 31 May and 1 June, and the Battle of the
Skagerrak, as follows :

A. THE OBJECT UNDERLYING THE OPEBATION.

The operation against Lowestoft on 23 and 24 April of this year had
the effect w hich our war plan intended it to have.

The enemy justly considered it as a challenge, and was clearly not
disposed to submit a second time to a similar blow without opposition.
He began to rouse himself, We heard of fresh groupings of his naval
forces at the various bases on the East Coast, and of repeated cruises
by considerable jiortions of his Fleet in the northern part of the North
Sea.

This situation suited our plans, and I decided to iitilize it to the full
by making a renewed advance with our whole Fleet as soon as the refit
of the SEYDLITZ was complete.

The temporary suspension of the Submarine \\'arfare against Commerce
permitted of the co-operation of all submarines which were ready for sea.

* Seven German Plans will be found in case containing charts.

588

APPENDIX ITl.

German
Plans I-ir

See German

Plan III
'he Advance.

In tlK> middle of May, therefore, I despatched all submarines to
sweep through the northern portion of the North Sea, and to take up
positions off the enemy's main bases: i.e., Humber, Firth of Forth,
Moray Firth and Scapa Flow, from 23 May onwards, and then to
compel the enemy to put to sea, by making an advance with our Fleet,
and to ^ive battle under conditions favourable to vis.

I hoped by these dispositions to brmg the submarines into action and
at the same time to utilize them for reconnaissance purposes.

Two operations wore prepared, one, an advance in a North-Westerly
direction against the English Coast, the other, an advance in a
Northerly direction into the Skaggerak.

For the North-Westerly advance, extended scouting by airships was
indispensable, as it would lead into an area where wo could not let
ourselves be drawn into an action against our will.

There was less danger of this in the Northeily advance, for th(> coast
of Jutland afforded a certain cover against surprise from the East, and
the distances from the enemy's bases were greater. Aerial reconnaissance,
although desirable here also, was not absolutely necessary.

The advance towards the North West promised to be the more
effective, and was therefore consideied first ; consequently all airships
were kept in readiness for the operation from 23 May onwards.

Unfortunately the weather was unfavouiable for the undertaking.
The Fleet waited in vain from 23-30 May for weather favom-able for
aerial scouting.

The weather on 30 May showing no signs of change, and it
being impossible to keep the submarines off the enemy ports any longer,
I decided to abandon the North-Westerly advance, and to carry out that
towards the North, if necessarj% without the assistance of airships.

B. THE PLAN OF OPERATION.

The Senior Officer of Scouting Forces, Vice -Admiral Hipper, was
ordered to leave the Jade at 4 a.in. on 31 May, with the I and II Scouting
Groups, the 2nd Leader of Destroyers in the REGENSBURG and the
II, VI and IX Destroyer Flotillas, and to push on to the Skagerrak,
keeping out of sight of Horns Reef and the Danish Coast, to show himself
before dark off the Norwegian coast, so that the British wovild receive
news of the operation, and to carry out a cruiser and cominerce warfare
during the late afternoon and the following night oft' and in the Skagerrak.

The Main Fleet, consisting of the I, II and III Squadrons, IV Scouting
Group, 1st Leader of Destroyers in the ROSTOCK and the remainder
of the Destroyer Flotillas, was to follow at 4.30 a.m., to cover the
Scouting Forces diu'ing the operation, and to meet them on the moining
of 1 Jime.

The detached submarines were informed by wireless that the enemy
forces might put to sea on 31 May and 1 Jime.

German Plan I shows the intended operation. German Plan TI
shows the areas to be swept by the submarines and their distribution
off the enemy's harbours.

The Naval Corps (Flanders) gladly undertook to block the British
Naval Ports in the Hoofden in a similar manner.

C. THE COURSE OF THE OPERATION.

1. Up to the encounter with the enemy.
swept by our Mineseeking Forces

to the West of
enabled the High Sea

jSThe Channel
Amrum Bank, through the enemy minefields.
Forces to reach the open sea in safety

Scouting by airship was at first not possible on account of the
weather.

At 7.37 a.m. " U. 32 " reported 2 heavy ships 2 cruisers and several
destroyers about 70 miles east of the Firth of Forth, on a South-Easterly

APPENDIX III. 689

At 8.30 p.m. (sic) the wireless "decoding" station Neuniiinster
reported that 2 large war vessels or squadrons with destroyers had left
Scapa Flow.

At 8.48 a.m. " U. 66" reportetl having sighted, aljout 60 miles East
of Kinnaird Head, 8 enemy heavy ships, hght cruisers and destroyers
on a Nortli-Kasterly course.

The reports gave no indication of the enemy's intentions. The
difference in the composition of the individual units and their divergent
(sic — Trans.) courses did not sliow that they intended to co-operate or to
advance against the German Bight, or that their movements had any
connection whatsoever with our opei-ation.

The reports received did not, therefore, cause us to modify oui- plans,
but only led us to hope that we might succeed in bringing a part of the
enemy's Fleet to action.

Between 2 and 3 ji.m., L. 9, L. 16, L. 21, L. 23 and L. 14 ascended in
succession for the purpose of long-distance reconnaissance in the sector
between North and \\'est from Heligoland.

They did iiot succeed in taking part in the action which developed
soon afterwards, nor did they observe anything of our Main Fleet or of
the enemy, nor did they hear anything of the engagement, although
L. 14, according to her own reckoning, was over the scene of action at
10 p.m.

The ELBINC4, the cruiser on the western wing of the Senior Officer
of Scouting Foices' screen, despatched the leaderboat of the IV
Destroyer Half-flotilla to examine a steamer. At 4.28 p.m. this destroyer
reported having sighted soine single enemj^ ships about 90 miles west
of Bovberg.

Figure 1.
Screen of the Senior Officer of Scouting Forces.

hFronhfurt.

VizHf.F/oTilla l^j^/eiboden.
^^Jir- %VHr.noti/la.

I Scouting Group.
(Battie Cruisers^

On sighting our forces, the enemy (8 light cruisers of the
CAROLINE class) altered course at once to the North. Our cruisers
gave chase, with the result that at 5.20 p.m. the Senior Officer of Scouting
Forces sighted two columns of large ships steering about East bearing
about West; they were soon recognised to be 6 battle cruisers — 3
LIONS, 1 TIGER, 2 INDEFATIGABLES— and light forces.

The Senior Officer of Scouting Forces recalled the II Scouting
Group, which was to the North of him in chase of the enemy, and
])roceeded to attack.

The enemy deployed towards the South and formed line of battle.
The Senior Officer of Scouting Forces followed this movement (which
was exceedingly welcome, as it afforded us the possibility of drawing
the enemy on to fjur Main Fleet) ; he advanced in quarter line to within
effe(!tive range, opening flic at 5.49 p.m. at a range of about 13,000
metres (14,217 yards).

690

APPENDIX III.

CiiTinaii
Plan IV.

2. The first phase of the Battle : the Cruiser Action.

The action took place on a South-Easterly course, its exact progress
is shown in German Plan IV.

The Senior OfTicer of Scouting Forces kept the enemy at an effective
distance. His guns weie well laid. Hits were registered on all the enemy
ships.

B\- 6. i:{ p.m. the armoured cruiser INDEFATIGABLE, the last
ship in the line, was sunk with a violent explosion b\- the fire of
the VON DER TANN.

The giumer>' supetioiity, and atlvantageous tactical position were
distinctly on our side, luitil, at 6.19 p.m. a new .squadron, consisting
of 4 or 5 ships of the QUEEN ELIZABETH class, with a considerable
superiority in speed, appeared from a North-Westerly direction, and took
part in the action with an opening range of about 20,000 metres
(21,872 yards).

This rendered the po.sition of our cruisers critical.

The new opponent fired with remarkable ia|)idity and accurac\', the
accuracy being partly due to the impossibility of retui-ning his fire.

At 6.26 p.m. the distance between the opjiosing ai'inoured cruisers
was about 12,000 metres (13,123 yards), and between oiu- armoured
cruisers and the QUEEN ELIZABETHS about 18,000 metres
(19,685 yards).

Of the Flotillas vmder the orders of the Senior Officer of Scouting
Forces, only the IX Flotilla was at this time in a position from which
an attack could be launched.

The 2ad Leader of Destroyers (Commodore Heinrich) in REGENS-
BURG, with some boats of the II Flotilla, proceeding at utmost speed,
was about abreast of the van of the Senior Officer of Scouting Forces.
The cruisers of the II Scouting Grovip, with the remainder of the Flotillas,
were compelled by the QUEEN ELIZABETHS to haul off to the P]ast,
and, therefore, in spite of taxing their engines to the utmost, had not been
able to reach their position in the van of the armovu-ed cruisers.

In view of the situation, the 2nd Leader of Destroyers ordered the
IX Flotilla to proceed to relieve the pressiu'e on the battle cruisers.
This Flotilla was already proceeding to attack on its own initiative, in
pursuance of orders given bj' its Senior Officer, Commander Goehle.

Figure 2.
Phase of the battle at 6.26 p.m

Y. SQuEEN Elizabeths.

0
0
f

-f- H Scouting Croup.

I Scouting Croup.

APPENDIX III. 691

At about 6.30 p.m. the IX Flotilla advanced to the attack uiuler
heavy enemy fire. Twelve torjiedoes were fired at the enenu line at a
range of 9,500-8,000 metres (10,389-8,749 yards).

It was not possible to bring off the attack nearer to the enenn-, ji.s,
simultaneovisly with the advance of the IX Flotilla, 15 to 2U Briti.sh
destroyers, supported bj' light crui.sers, advanced to counter-attack
and to repel our destroyers.

A destroyer action resulted at very clo.se range (1,000-1,500 metres)
(1.093-1,640' yards). The REOEXSBURC, with tho.se boats of the
II Flotilla which were with her, and the mediiun calibre guns of the
armouied cruisers, took part in the conflict. The enem>- tinned away
after about 10 minutes.

On oiu- side V. 27 and V. 29 were sunk by heavy shell fire. The crews
of both boats were rescued luider enemy fire by V. 26 and 8. 35.

On the enemy's side, 2, possibly 3, destroyers were sunk and 2 others
so badly damaged that they were left behind and subsequently fell
victim to the Main Fleet.

The enemy made no attempt to save the crews of their boats.
Diu-ing the destroj-er attack, the British armoured cruisers were
effectively held bj* the large calibre guns of the I Scouting Group. ' The
latter successfully evaded a large number of enemy torpedoes (observed
by the IX Flotilla) bj' edging awa\- a few points.

Towards 6.30 p.m. a violent explosion was observed on the third
enemy armouied cruiser QUEEX ]\IARY. When the clouds of smoke
dispersecl the enemy cruiser had disappeared.

Whether her destruction was caused by the gtms, or by a torpedo
from the armoured cruisers,' or bj' a torpedo from the IX Flotilla is
uncertain. It was probably the work of the gmis.

In any case the attack by the IX Flotilla resulted in the temporary
cessation of the enemy's fire.

The Senior Officer of Scouting Forces made use of this and ordered
the armoured cruisers to turn in succession to a North-Westerly course,
thereby ensiuing that he would be at the head of the cruisers in the
next phase of the action.

Immediately after the torpedo attack, the German Main Fleet
appeared on the scene just in time to bring help to the Scouting
Forces, which were engaged with the enemj' in considerably superior
strength.

3. The second phase of the Battle : the Chase.

The Main Fleet was in the order K. 312*, the Fleet Flagship leading
the I Squadron, course Xorth, speed 14 knots, distance apart of ships
700 metres (3^ cables), distance apart of Scjuadrons 3,500 metres
(19 cables), the destroyers screening the Squach-ons against submarines,
the light cruisers surroimding and screening the ^lain Fleet.

At 4.28 p.m., when about 50 miles west of Lyngvig, the first information
was received of the sighting of enemy light forces, and at 5.35 p.m. the
first report came to hand that enemy heavy forces were in sight. The
distance between the Senior Officer of Scouting Forces and the Main
Fleet was at this time about 50 miles.

On receipt of this report, line of Battle K. 312* was closed up, and
the order " Clear for Action '" given.

The report received at 5.45 p.m. from the Senior Officer of Scouting
Forces, that he was engaged with 6 enemy armoured cruisers on a South-
Easterly com-se, showed that we had succeeded in bringing some of the
enemy to action and in drawing them on to oiu Main FIf»et.

The task of the Main Fleet was now to relieve the materiall.\- weaker
armoured cruisers as quickly as po.ssible, and to endeavour to cut off a
premature retreat of the enemy.

• Admiralty Note. — ? Keillinie 312 — Single Line ahead in the sequence 3rd Squadron,
let Squadron, 2nd Squadron.

592 APPENDIX TIT.

For the latter reason I altered coiu-se to North-West at 6.05 p.m.,
increa-sed to 15 knots, and, a quarter of an horn- later, altered coui-.se to
West in oi-der to bring the enemy between two fires.

Whilst this alteration of course of the Main Fleet was in progress,
the II Scouting Group reported that a British Squadron of 5 battleships
was joining in the action.

The position of the I Scouting (Jroup, which was now opposed by
6 armoured cruisers and 5 battleships, might become critical.

In consequence everything depended on effecting a junction with
the T Scouting (Jroup as soon as po.ssible : 1 therefore altered course
back to North.

At 6.32 p.m. sighted the ships in action.

At 6.45 p.m. the III and I Squadrons were able to open fire, and the
Senior Officer of Scouting Forces placed himself and his ships at the
head of the Main Fleet.

German Plan VI^. — Phase of the Battle at 6.55 p.m.

The enemy's light forces turned immediately towards the West, and
as soon as they were out of range, towards the North.

It is doubtful whether they suffered any damage from the fire of our
battlesliips in this short time.

The British armoured cruisers turned in succession to North-West.
The QUEEN ELIZABETHS followed in their wake, and thus covered
the cruisers, which had suffered severely.

At 6.49 p.m., while the Squadrons were passing each other, the
Senior Ofificer of the VI Flotilla, Commander Max Schultz, attacked
with the XI Half-Flotilla. The result could not be observed.

The next phase of the battle became a chase : our Scouting Forces
endeavom'ing to keep on the heels of the enemy battle cruisers, and our
main body on those of the QUEEN ELIZABETHS.

With this pm'pose in view ovu- main body proceeded at utmost speed,
and, divisions separately, turned towards the enemy as far as North-West.

In spite of this, the enemy's armoiu-ed cruisers succeeded in getting
out of range of the I Scouting Group soon after 7 o'clock.

The QUEEN ELIZABETHS were also able to increase their lead
to such an extent that they could only be kept under fire by the

1 Scouting Group and the V Division. The hope that one of the
pursued ships would be so badly disabled as to fall to the Main Fleet
was not realised, although the shots fell well; at 7.30 p.m. it was
clearly observed that a ship of the QUEEN ELIZABETH class turned
away, after having been hit .several times, and withdrew from the battle
with diminished speed and with a heavy list to port. The ship was not
observed to sink.

In the meantime the ships of the Main Fleet were only able to sink

2 modern destroyers (Nestor and Nomad), which had been disabled during
the attack of the IX Flotilla and subsequently overtaken. Their crews
were made prisoners.

German Plaji VI^. — Phase of the Battle at 7.15 p.m.

As at 7.20 p.m. the fire of the I Scouting Group and of the ships of
the V Division seemed to slacken, 1 was under the impression that the
enemy was succeeding in escaping, and therefore issued an order to the
Senior Officer of Scouting Forces, and therewith the permission to all
ves.sels, for the " general chase."

In the meantime the visibility, which had hitlierto been good, became
le.ss so. The wind had backed from North-West through West to South-
West. Smoke from cordite and funnels lumg over the water and obscured
all view from North to East.

Our own Scouting Forces were only \^isible for a few seconds at a time

APPENDIX III. '^rim:i 593

As a matter of fact, the SeMiior Officer of Scouting Forces liad been
outflankeil by enemy battle cruisers and light forces by the time he
received the order for the "general chase," and under "their pressure
he was forced to tiu-n to the North. Ho was unable to report this, as
intended, for a short time previously the main and auxiliary W/T
stations in his Flagship (LUTZOW) had been put out of action by a
heavy sliell.

The decrease of fire at the head of the line was only due to the setting
sun making it more and more difficult and finally practically impossible
to range and to spot.

When, therefore, at 7.40 p.m. the enemy's light forces, grasping
the situation, made a torpedo attack against oiu- armoured
cruisers, the Senior Officer of Scouting Forces liad no alternative but to
edge away, and, finally, to order his force to alter course to South- West,
and to get into closer touch with our Main Fleet, he being luiable to reply
effectively to the enemy's fire.

4. The third phase of the Action : the Battle.

About the same time the pressure from ahead on the van of the Main
Fleet caused it to bear away in an Easterly direction.

At 7.48 p.m., therefore, the signal "Form on the van" was made,
the ships formed into line; the speed was temporarily reduced to
15 knots, in order to give the divisions which had been proceeding at
utmost speed an opportunity to re-establish close order, the Fleet having
become somewhat extended.

Wliile these operations of the Main Fleet were in progress, the II
Scouting Group, under Rear-Admiral Boedicker, got into action with a
hght cruiser of the CALLIOPE class, which he set on fire. Shortly
before 8 p.m. the II Scouting Group encountered several light cruisers
of the " Town " class and several battleships, including the AGINCOURT.
The haze over the water made it impossible to estimate the whole strength
of the enemy. The scouting group was at once caught under heavy
fire, to which it replied ; it fired torpedoes, and then turned away towards
its own Main Fleet. The result coiild not be observed, as a smoke screen
had to be developed at once for the protection of the cruisers. In spite
of the smoke screen, the WIESBADEN and PILLAU were heavily
hit. The WIESBADEN (Captain Reiss) was unable to proceed and
remained stopped under the enemy's fire.

German Plan VI^. — Phase of the Battle 7.42-8 p.m.

The Senior Officers of the XII Half Flotilla and IX Flotilla, which
had been astern of the cruisers, recognising the seriousness of the
situation, proceeded to attack. Fire was opened on both Flotillas from
a line of numerous battleships steaming North-West; the destroj^ers
approached to 6,000 metres (6,561 yards) and then fired 6 torpedoes each
at the enemy battleships. In this case also it was impossible to observe
the result, for dense clouds of smoke concealed the enemy immediately
after turning away.* Both flotillas, however, thought they might claim
success, as the attack was made under favourable conditions.

At about this time the British Main Fleet, under Admiral Jellicoe,
must have joined Admiral Beatty's forces, which had been pursued up
to now.

This resulted in heavy fighting from about 8.10-8.35 p.m. in the van
of the Main Fleet roimd the disabled WIESBADEN. In this action
the ships also were able to use their torpedoes.

The QUEEN ELIZABETHS, and perhaps Beatty's battle cruisers,
attacked from a North-North-Westerly direction. (It appears, however,

* It is not clear in the German whether their destroyers or the British
battleships turned away. — Trans

« 12872 P p

594 APPENDIX ni.

from statements made by prisoners, that the battle cruisers took no
part in the battle after 7 p.m.) A new squadron of armoured cruisers
(3 INVINCIBLES and 4 WARRIORS), besides light cruisers and
destroyers, attacked from the North, and the enemy's battle squadrons
attacked from the North -East to East.

German Plan VI*. — Phase of the Battle at 8. 16 p.m.

It was principally the I Scouting Group and the leading ships of the
III Squadron that had to repulse the attack. During this attack the
armoured cruisers were forced to turn away so sharply, that at 8.35 p.m.

I was obliged to turn the line by a " Battle turn " to starboard together,
to West,

German Plan VI^. — Phase of the Battle at 8.35 p.m.

While our line was being inverted, two boats of the III Flotilla
(G. 88 and V. 73) and the leader boat of the I Flotilla (S. 32) attacked.
The remainder of the III Flotilla had broken off their attack, having been
recalled by the 1st Leader of Destroyers. The latter had issued this
order on observing the slackening in the enemy's fire, which convinced
him that the enemy, had turned away, and that the Flotilla, which
would be urgently required later on in the action, was being launched
into a void. Owing to the embarrassment of the van, the boats of the
remaining f3otillas were not able to attack. Some of them (IX and VI
Flotillas) were just returning from the 8 p.m. attack.

Immediately after the inversion of the line the enemy temporarily
ceased firing, partly because they lost sight of us in the smoke screen
developed by the destroyers for the protection of our line, and particularly of
our armoured cruisers, but mainly no doubt, on accotuit of the appreciable
losses they had suffered.

The following ships were definitely seen to sink : A ship of the
QUEEN ELIZABETH class (name not known); a battle cruiser
(INVINCIBLE); two armoured cruisers (BLACK PRINCE and
DEFENCE) ; a light cruiser and two destroyers (one of which was
marked 04).

The following ships were heavily damaged, some being set on fire :
one armoured cruiser (WARRIOR) which subsequently sank; three
light cruisers and three destroyers.

On our side only V. 48 was simk ; WIESBADEN rendered not under
control ; and Lt^TZOW so badly damaged that the Senior Officer of
Scouting Forces was forced to leave the ship about 9 p.m. iinder enemy
fire and transfer to MOLTKE

On this account the Command of the I Scouting Group devolved till

II p.m. on the Commanding Officer of the DERFFLINGER (Captain
Hartog)

The remaining armoured cruisers and van ships of the III Squadron
had suffered too, but they kept their station in the line. After the enemy
had been obliged to cease firing at our line, which was proceeding West,
they attacked the already badly damaged WIESBADEN. It could
be clearly seen that the ship defended herself bravely against over-
whelming odds

It was as yet too early to assume " night cruising order." The
enemy could have compelled us to fight before dark, he could have
prevented our exercising our initiative, and finally he could have cut
off our retiirn to the German Bight.

There was only one way of avoiding this : to deal the enemy a second
blow by again advancing regardless of consequences, and to bring all
the destroyers to attack.

This manoeuvre would necessarily have the effect of surprising the
enemy, upsetting his plans for the rest of the day, and, if the attack was
powerful enough, of facilitating our extricating ourselves for the night.
In addition this afforded us the opportiinity of making a final effort to
succour the hard-pressed WIESBAJDEN, or at least to rescue her crew.

APPENDIX III. 596

Consequently, at 8.55 p.m. the line was again turned to starboard
on to an Easterly course, the armoured cruisers were ordered to attack the
head of the eneniy's line as fiercely as possible, all flotillas were given
the order to attack, and instructions were issued to the 1st Leader of
Destroyers (Commodore Michelsen) to transfer the crew of the
WIESBADEN to his boats.

The action brought about by this movement soon developed similarly
to that of 8.35 p.m., except that our van was still further embarrassed.

German Plan YV. — Phase of the Battle at 9. 17 p.7n.

The destroyers sent to the WIESBADEN had to abandon their attempt
to rescue the crew. The WIESBADEN and the advancing boats were
\inder such heavy fire that the Senior Officer of the Flotilla considered
it useless to risk the latter. While tm-ning away, V. 73 and G. 88 fired
a total of 4 torpedoes at the QUEEN ELIZABETHS

The fire directed against oiu' line was mainly concentrated on the
armovu-ed cruisers and the V Division. The.se ships suffered very
severely, as they were able to distinguish little more of the enemy than
the flashes of his salvoes, whereas they themselves apparently offered
good targets.

The conduct of the armoured cruisers is especially deserving of the
highest praise. Although a number of their guns were tmable to fire
and some of the ships themselves were severely damaged, they never-
theless advanced recklessly towards the enemy, in compliance with their
orders.

The handling of the III Squadron (Rear-Admiral Behncke) and the
behavioiu- of the ships of the V Division were equally praiseworthy. They
and the armoured cruisers bore the brunt of the battle, thereby making
it possible for the flotillas to attack with effect

The boats of the VI and IX Flotillas, which were in the van with the
cruisers, were the first to attack. The III and V Flotillas, stationed
with the Main Fleet, followed suit.

The II Flotilla was held back for the time being by its Senior Officer,
in order to prevent it from advancing into a void in the rear of the VI
and IX Flotillas. This measure was justified by subsequent events. The
I Half Flotilla and a few boats of the VI and IX Flotillas were occupied
in screening the damaged LUTZOW. There was no further opportunity
for the approaching VII Flotilla to attack.

As the VI and TX Flotillas approached, they drew on themselves
the heavy fire hitherto directed against the armoured cruisers. They
were able, however, to approach to within 7,000 m. (7,658 yards) of the
centre of the curved line of battleships, consisting of more than 20 units
proceeding on coxirses from East-South-East to South, and to attack
under favourable conditions. During the attack S. 35 was hit amidships
by a heavy shell and sank at once.

All the remaining boats returned and laid a thick smoke screen
between their own fleet and the enemy, in order to protect the van of the
Main Fleet, which was being severely pressed.

The purpose of the advance was gained by this destroyer attack.

At 9 17 p.m. a "battle txirn " together was therefore made, the line
proceeding first on a Westerly course and then altering by a turn in
succession" to South-West, South and finally South-East, in order to
counter the enveloping movement of the enemy, whose van already bore
South-East, and to keep a line of retreat open for us.

Shortly after oiu- txirn, the enemy ceased fire.

The enemy mu.st have turned away during the attack by the VI and
IX Flotillas, as the III and V Flotillas only sighted light forces, and
therefore had no opportunity of attacking.

The casualties sustained by the enemy in this phase of the battle
oannot be given. Up to the present the only information received^ia

596 APPENDIX in.

that the MARLBOROUGH was struck by a torpedo. However, it
may be taken for certain tliat other successes were obtained.

Our armoured cruisers and the ships in the van of the III Squadron
liad suffered severely. Nevertheless, all ships were able to keep station
in the "night cruising order" at the high speed of 16 knots; even the
LCTZOW was proceeding at medium speed when she was seen last at
9.30 p.m., abreast of the Fleet Flagship.

5. Movements and actions during the night.

The reports made by the flotillas, regarding the strength of the
enemy sighted by them, made it certain that we had been in action
against the whole British Fleet.

It might be taken for granted that the enemy would endeavour to
force us to the Westward by attacks with strong forces during the
hours of dusk, and by destroyer attacks during the night, in order to
force us to give battle at daybreak. They were strong enough to do so.

Should we succeed in checking the enemy's enveloping movement
and reacliing Horns Reef before them, we should retain the initiative
for the next morning.

With this object in view, all destroyer flotillas had to be used
for attacking during the night, even at the risk of having to do without
them in the new engagements which might be expected at dawn. The
Main Fleet itself had to make for Horns Reef, in close order, by the
shortest route, and to maintain this course in defiance of all attacks of
enemy.

German Plan VII.

Orders to this effect were issued. At the same time the Leader of
Submarines ordered all submarines in Borkum Roads to advance to
the North.

The Senior Officers of the Destroyer Forces stationed the flotillas
on a line East -North -East and South-South-West, that is in the direction
from which the enemy's Main Fleet ^v'as expected to pursue.

A large number of the boats had already expended their torpedoes
during the day actions ; some had been left behind to protect the
severely damaged LUTZOW; some were retained by their Senior
Officers in order to have them at their disposal in case of need. Thanks
to this decision it was possible to rescue the crews of the ELBING
and ROSTOCK later on.

Only the II, V, VII and portions of the VI and IX Flotillas therefore
advanced to attack. The boats had various night actions with light
forces of the enemy ; they saw nothing of his Main Fleet. At daybreak
L. 24 sighted a portion of the Main Fleet in the " Jammerbucht."*
The enemy had, therefore, drawn off to the North after the battle.

The II Flotilla, to which the Northern part of the sector was
allotted, was forced away by cruisers and destroj^ers, and returned vid
The Skaw. The 2nd Leader of Destroyers allowed it to use its discretion
regarding this route.

The remaining flotillas assembled at dawn with the ]Main Fleet.

Before it became quite dark, the INIain Fleet had a short but serious
encounter with the enemy. At 10.20 p.m., while the I and II Scouting
Groups were endeavoiuing to take station ahead, they were subjected
to heavy fire from a South-Easterly direction. Only the flashes of the
enemy's salvoes could be seen. The ships which were already severely
damaged received further hits without being able to make any serious
reply to the fire. They, therefore, turned away and took up a position
on the disengaged side, pushing themselves between the II and I
Squadrons

* Note. — Jammer Bight in the Skagerrak.

APPENDIX UI. 697

German Plan VI«. — Sketch for 10.30 p.m.

The van of the I Squadron followed the nioveniont of the cruisers,
whereas the II Squadron (Rear -Admiral Mauve) continued on its
course, thus drawing the enemy's fire. As the II Squadron recognised
that light conditions made a reply impossible, it edged away in order to
di-aw the enemy towards the I Squadron. The enemy did not pursue,
but ceased firing.

At about the same time the IV Scouting Group (Commodore von
Renter) was in action under identical conditions with 4-5 cruisers,
including ships of the HAMPSHIRE class.

Bearing in mind that the van of the Main Fleet in particular would
be called upon to repulse enemy attacks, and in order to have the
main strength in the van at daybreak, the II Squadron was ordered to
take station astern. The I Scouting Group became the rearguard, the

II Scouting Group became the vanguard, and the IV Scouting Group was
entrusted with the screening of the starboard side.

The battle squadrons therefore proceeded in the following order :
I Squadron, Fleet FlagshiiD, III Squadron, II Squadron, the I and

III Squadrons in inverse order. WESTFALEN (Captain Redlich) was
leading ship of the line.

During the night the enemy attacked practically uninterruptedly
from the East with light forces, and at times also with heavy forces.

The II and IV Scouting Groups, and particularly the ships of the
I Squadron (Vice-Admiral Schmidt) had to repulse these attacks. The
result was excellent.

At 2.0 a.m. an armour cruiser of the CRESSY class (name not known),
entirely misjudging the situation, approached the rear ships of the
I Squadron and the Fleet Flagshijj to within 1,500 metres (1,645 yards).
In a few minutes she was set on fire by ourgmis and sank, 4 minutes after
fire was opened, with terrific explosions.

According to careful estimation 1 armoured cruiser, 1 light cruiser
and 7 destroyers were simk during the night, and several light cruisers
and destroyers were badly damaged.

Cm- losses were the FRAUENLOB, POMMERN and V. 4. The
ROSTOCK and ELBING had to be abandoned and blown up. The
FRAUENLOB (Captain Hoffman, Georg) was hit by a torpedo at
12.45 a.m. while the IV Scouting Group were in action with 4 cruisers
of the " Town " class. According to the statement of some of the few
survivors, she sank soon afterwards, fighting to the last. The
POMMERN (Captain Bolken) was torpedoed at 4.20 a.m., and blew up
with a tremendous explosion. V. 4 ran on an enemy mine at 4.50 a.m.
The crew were saved.

At 1.30 a.m. the ROSTOCK and ELBING became engaged with
destroyers, on the port side abreast of the van of the I Squadron ; they
were at last compelled to turn away from the enemy's torpedoes and break
through the line of the I Squadron in order not to hamper the fire of
our battleships.

Dxu-ing this manoeuvre the ROSTOCK was hit by a torpedo, while
the ELBING collided with the POSEN.

I Both cruisers were unable to manoeuvre. The ROSTOCK remained
afloat imtil 5.45 a.m., and was then blown up, on hostile cruisers being
sighted, after the entire crew including the wounded had been
transferred to boats of the III Flotilla. The crew of the ELBING
were also taken on board a boat of the III Flotilla, only the Commanding
Officer, the executive officer, the torpedo officer and a cutter's crew
remaining on board in order to keep the ship afloat as long as po.ssible.
On hostile forces being sighted at 4 a.m., the ELBING had to be
blown up too. The crew who had remained on board escaped in the
cutter, were picked up later by a Dutch trawler and returned home
viA Holland.

698 APPENDIX in.

The LUTZOW was kept afloat until 3.45 a.m. Towards the end
the ship was navigated from the after bridge. All attempts to stop
the water from rushing in were in vain, the fore part of the ship had
suffered too severely. Finally the ship had about 7,000 tons of water
in her. The forecastle was flooded up to the truck of the Jack staff.
The propellers revolved out of water. The ship had to be abandoned.
The crew, including all the wounded, were transferred to the destroyers
G. 40, G. 37, G. 38 and V. 45, and the LUTZOW was sunk by a
torpedo. The 4 destroyers had altogether 1,250 men of the LUTZOW
on board. On two occasions they encountered enemy cruisers and
destroyers, and on both occasions they attacked under the leadership
of the Senior Commanding Officer (Lieutenant-Commander Beitzen,
Ricliard), and successfully fought their way back to the German Bight.
During the last action the engines of G. 40 were hit, and she had to be
taken in tow.

When the Main Fleet received information of this, the 2nd Leader of
Destroyers in the REGENSBURG turned back and met the tow. S. 32,
leader boat of the I Flotilla (Lieutenant-Commander Frohlich), was hit
at 1 a.m. by a heavy shell in the boiler room and was temporarily
disabled. However, by feeding the boilers with sea water, the Commanding
Officer succeeded in reaching Danish territorial waters. Destroyers
which had been sent out then towed her home through Nordmanns Deep.

6. The situation on the morning of \st June.

Diu-ing the night, L. 11, L. 13, L. 17, L. 22 and L. 24 ascended to
make an early reconnaissance.

At 5.10 a.m. L. 11 reported a group of 12 British battleships,
numerous light forces and destroyers on a Northerly course about the
middle of the line Terschelling-Horns Reef, and, immediately afterwards,
6 large enemy battlesliips and three battle cruisers to the North of the
first-mentioned gi'oup. The airship came under heavy fire, but kept in
touch. Shortly after having been sighted, the enemy altered course to
the West and were lost to sight in thick weather.

At 4 a.m. L. 24 sighted a flotilla of enemy destroyers and about
6 submarines 50 miles West of Bovberg. The airship was fired at and
replied by dropping bombs; then scouting further to the North, she
discovered at 5 a.m., in the Jammerbuoht, a group of 12 large battleships
and numerous cruisers, wliich were proceeding South at high speed. It
was impossible to keep touch and to reconnoitre further, as the clouds
were only 800 m. (2,624 feet) above the water.

At daybreak the Main Fleet itself saw nothing of the enemy. The
weather was so thick that one could hardly see the length of a squadron.

The reports received from the annoured cruisers showed that the
I Scouting Group covild no longer fight a serious action. The ships in
the van of the III Squadron must also have lost in fighting value.

Of the fast light cruisers onlv the FRANKFURT, PILLAU, and
REGENSBURG were at my di.^posal.

Owing to the bad visibility, further scouting by airships could not
be counted on. It was, therefore, hopeless to try and force a regular
action on the enemy reported to the South. The consequences of such
an encounter would have been a matter of chance. I therefore
abandoned anv fiu'ther operations and gave the order to return to base.

On the way back, when to the West of List, the OSTFRIESLAND
ran on a mine, in a minefield which we knew nothing of and which
apparently had been laid by the enemy shortly before. The ship was
able to enter harbour under her own steam.

Several submarine attacks on our returning Main Fleet were
unsuccessful, thanks partly to the watchfulness of oui- aircraft, which
joined the Main Fleet off List and accompanied it to the estuaries.

APPENDIX ni. 599

All ships and destroyers returned to the estuetries during the course
of the day.

Special mention must be made of the bringing in of the severely
damaged SEYDLITZ (Captain von Egidy). It is due to the admirable
seamanship of the Commanding Officer and his crew that the ship was
able to reach harbour.

The submarines which left the Ems were ordered to look for the
ELBIXG and for the damaged sliips of the enemy. The submarines
off the English ports were ordered to make every endeavour to remain on
their stations for one day more.

At 6.20 p.m. U. 46 met a damaged ship of the IRON DUKE class
(MARLBOROUGH) about 60 miles north of Terschelling. She fired a
torpedo, but missed. Of the submarines wliich lay off the enemy's
harbours, U.B. 21 hit an enemy destroyer on 31 May, and U. 52 one on
1 June. Owing to hostile counter-measvires the sinking in neither case
was observed.

D. THE LOSSES ON EITHER SIDE.

According to a careful appreciation of the observations made by us,
the enemy losses were : —

1 large battleship of the QUEEN ELIZABETH
class ..-------

3 battle cruisers (QUEEN MARY, INDEFATIG-
ABLE, IN\^NCIBLE)

4 armoured cruisers (BLACK PRINCE, DEFENCE,
WARRIOR, and one of the CRESSY class)

2 light cruisers ....--..
13 destroyers .-.-.---

Total

Oiu- losses were : —

1 battle cruiser (LtJTZOW) . • • - »
1 old battlesliip (POMMERN) ....

4 light cruisers (WIESBADEN, ELBING, ROS-
TOCK, FRAUENLOB)

5 destroyers ...-----

Total - - - 60,730 „

The losses of the enemy are, practically without exception, total
losses, whereas we were able to rescue the crews of the LUTZOW,
ELBING, ROSTOCK, and half the crews of the destroyers.

We expended 3,596 heavy shells, 3,921 mediiim and 2,962 small
calibre shells and 107 torpedoes.

E. SUMMARY,

The success obtained is due to the fact that our Squadron and Flotilla
Leaders were filled with zeal for battle, and realised the object of the
undertaking, and to the excellent work performed by the ships' companies,
who were imbued with the greatest martial ardour.

Its achievement was only rendered possible by the quality of our
ships and armament, the fact that the peace training of the units was
conscious of its object, and by the conscientious training carried out in
individual ships

The large amount of experience gained will be exploited with the
greatest care.

The battle has proved that in building up om- Fleet, and in the
development of the individual types of our ships, we have been guided

28,500 tons.

63,000

»»

53,700

9,000

15,000

>»
»>

169,200

26,700 tons.
13,200 „

17,150
3,680

600 APPENDIX ni.

by correct strategical and tactical views, and that we should, therefore,
continue on the same lines.

All arms have borne their share in this result, the decisive factor
was, however, both directly and indirectly, the long range heavy
armament of the LARGER VESSELS. It caused the greater part
of the known losses inflicted on the t-nemy, and it enabled the flotillas
to carry out a successful attack against the enemy's Main Fleet. The
above observation in no way detracts from the merit of the flotillas,
whose attack on the enemy battlefleet was finally successful in enabling
us to break away completely from the enemy.

The LARGE WAR A^ESSEL, battleship and cruiser, is and remains,
therefore, the foundation of Sea Power, and should be fvirther developed
by enlarging the calibre of the guns, increasing the speed and perfecting
the armour above and below water.

F. THE FURTHER CONDUCT OF OUR NAVAL WAR.

In conclusion I have the honoiu- respectfully to report to Your
Majestythat, with the exception of the DERFFLINGER and SEYDLITZ,
the High Sea Fleet will be ready for further battles by the middle of
August.

Should the future operations take a favourable course, it may be
possible to inflict appreciable damage on the enemy; but there can be
no doubt that even the most favourable issue of a battle on the high
seas WILL NOT COMPEL ENGLAND to make peace in THIS war.
The disadvantages of our geographical position compared with that of
the Island Empire, and her great material superiority, cannot be com-
pensated for by our Fleet to a degree which will enable us to overcome
the blockade instituted against us, or to overpower the Island Empire
herself, even if all our submarines are fully available for military
purposes.

A victorious termination of the war within measurable time can
only be attained by destroying the economic existence of Great Britain,
namely, by the employment of submarines against British commerce.

In the conviction that it is my duty, I must continue respectfully
to dissuade Your Majesty from adopting any modified form of this
warfare, because it would mean reducing this weapon to an anomaly and
because the results would probably not be in proportion to the risk incvirred
by the boats. Further, even with the most conscientious care on the part of
the Commanding Officers, it will be impossible to avoid incidents in British
waters where American interests are so prevalent, which will force us to
hvmiiliating concessions, unless we are able to prosecute the submarine
campaign in its acutest form.

(Signed) SCHEER.
To His Majesty

the Emperor and King.

Admiralty Note. — ^The German original of this report was found in an
officer's cabin of one of the ships scuttled at Scapa.

APPENDIX IVi 601

APPENDIX IV.

No. 339/H.F. 0034.

" Iron Duke,"
Sir, 30th October 1914.

The experience gained of German methods since the commencement
of the war make it possible and very desirable to consider the manner
in which these methods are likely to be made use of tactically in a fleet
action.

2. The Germans have shown that they rely to a very great extent
on submarines, mines and torpedoes, and there can be no doubt whatever
that they will endeavour to make the fullest use of these weapons in a
fleet action, especially since they possess an actual superiority over us in
these particular directions.

3. It therefore becomes necessary to consider our own tactical
methods in relation to these forms of attack.

4. In the first place, it is evident that the Germans cannot rely with
certainty upon having their full complement of submarines and minelayers
present in a fleet action, unless the battle is fought in waters selected by
them, and in the Southern area of the North Sea. Aircraft, also, could
only be brought into action in this locality.

5. My object will therefore be to fight the fleet action in the Northern
portion of the North Sea, which position is incidentally nearer our own
bases, giving our wounded ships a chance of reaching them, whilst it
ensures the final destruction or capture of enemy wounded vessels, and
greatly handicaps a night destroyer attack before or after a fleet action.
The Northern area is also favourable to a concentration of ovu* cruisers
and torpedo craft with the battlefleet ; such concentration on the part of
the enemy being always possible, since he will choose a time for coming
out when all his ships are coaled and ready in all respects to fight.

6. Owing to the necessity that exists for keeping our cruisers at sea,
it is probable that many will be short of coal when the opportimity for
a fleet action arises, and they might be miable to move far to the
Southward for this reason.

7. The presence of a large force of cruisers is most necessary, for
observation and for screening the battlefleet, so that the latter may be
manoeuvred into any desired position behind the cruiser screen. This is
a strong additional reason for fighting in the Northern area.

8. Secondly, it is necessary to consider what may be termed the
tactics of the actual battlefield.

The German submarines, if worked as is expected with the battlefleet,
can be used in one of two ways : —

(a) With the cr\jisers, or possibly with destroyers.

(b) With the battlefleet.

In the first case the submarines would probably be led by the cruisers
to a position favourable for attacking our battlefleet as it advanced to
deploy, and in the second case they might be kept in a position in rear,
or to the flank, of the enemy's battlefleet, which would move in the
direction required to draw our own Fleet into contact with the submarmes.

9. The first move at (a) should be defeated by our own cruisers,
provided we have a sufficient number present, as they should be able to
force the enemy's cruisers to action at a speed which would mterfere
with submarine tactics.

The cruisers must, however, have destroyers in company to assist
in dealing with the submarines, and should be well in advance of the
battlefleet ; hence the necessity for numbers. , n-

10. The second move at {h) can be coimtered by judicious handling of
our battlefleet, but may, and probably will, involve a refusal to comply
with the enemy's tactics by moving in the invited direction. If, for
instance, the enemy battlefleet were to turn away from an advancing

X 12872

Q n

602 APPENDIX IV.

Fleet, I should assume that the intention was to lead us over mines and
Bubmirinos, and should dedine to be so drawn.

11. I desire particularly to draw the attention of their Lordships to this
point, since it may be deemed a refusal of battle, and, indeed, might
possibly result in failure to bring the enemy to action as soon as is
expected and hoped.

12. Such a result would be absolutely repugnant to the feelings of
all British Naval Officers and men, but with new and untried methods
of warfare nQw tactics mast be devised to meet them.

I feel that such tactics, if not understood, may bring odium upon me,
but so long as I have the confidence of their Lordshijis I intend to jjursue
what is, in my considered opinion, the proper course to defeat and
auniliilate the enemy's battlefleet, without regard to iininstructed opinion
or criticism.

13. The situation is a difficult one. It is quite within the bounds of
possibility that half of our battlefleet might be disabled by under-water
attack before the guns opened fire at all, if a false move is made, and I feel
that I must constantly bear in mind the great probability of such attack
and be prepared tactically to prevent its success.

14. The safeguard against submarines will consist in moving the
battlefleet at very high speed to a flank before deployment takes place
or the gun action commences.

This will take us off the ground on which the enemy desires to fight,
but it may, of course, result in his refusal to follow me.

If the battlefleets remain within sight of one another, though not near
the original area, the limited submerged radius of action and speed of the
submarines will prevent the submarines from following without coming
to the surface, and I should feel that after an interval of high speed
manoeuvring, I could safely close.

15. The object of this letter is to place my views before their Lordships,
and to direct their attention to the alterations in pre-conceived ideas of
battle tactics which are forced upon us by the anticipated appearance
in a fleet action of submarines and minelayei's.

16. There can be no doubt that the fullest use will also be made by
the enemy of siu'face torpedo craft.

This point has been referred to in previous letters to their Lordships,
and, so long as the whole of the First Fleet Flotillas are with the Fleet,
the hostile destroyers will be successfully coi.m.tered and engaged.

The necessity for attaching some destroyers to Cruiser Squadrons,
alluded to in paragraph 9, emphasizes the necessity for the junction
of the 1st and 3rd Flotillas with the Fleet before a fleet action takes
place.

17. It will, however, be very desirable that all available ships and
torpedo craft should be ordered to the position of the fleet action as soon
as it is known to be imminent, as the presence of even Third Fleet Vessels
after the action or towards its conclusion may prove of great assistance
in rendering the victory shattering and complete.

The Channel Fleet should be accompanied by as many destroyers,
drawn from the Dover or Coast patrols, as can be spared.

I trust that their Lordships will give the necessary orders on the
receipt of information from me of an impending fleet action.

18. In the event of a fleet action being imminent, or, indeed, as soon
as the High Sea Fleet is known to bo moving Northward, it is most desir-
able that a considerable number of our oversea submarines should proceed
towards the Fleet, getting first on to the line between the Germans and
Heligoland in order to intercept them when returning. The German
Fleet would probably arrange its movements so as to pass Heligoland
at dusk when coming out and at dawn when returning, in order to
minimise submarine risk. The opportunity for submarine attack in
the Heligoland Bight would not therefore be very great, and from four to
six submarines would be the greatest number that could be visefully

APPENDIX IV. 603

employed there. Tlie remainder, accompanied by one or two light
cruisers, taken, if necessary, from the Dover patrol, should work up
towards the position of the fleet, the light cruisers keeping in wireless
tou'^h with me.

I have the honour to be. Sir,

Your obedient sor\'ant,

J. R. JELLICOE,
The Secretary Admiral,

of the Admiralty

M. 03177/14.

Admiralty,
Sib, 7th November 1914.

I HAVE laid before My Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty
your letter of the 30th ultimo. No. 339/H.F. 0034, and I am commanded
by them to inform you that they approve your views, as stated therein,
and desire to assure you of their full confidence in your contemplated
conduct of the Fleet in action.

2. My Lords will, as desired, give orders for all available Ships and
Torpedo Craft to proceed to the position of the Fleet Action on learning
from you that it is imminent.

I am, Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

W. GRAHAM GREENE.
The Commander-in-Chief,
H.M. Ships and Vessels,
Home Fleets.

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Full text of "Battle of Jutland, 30th May to 1st June, 1916. Official dispatches with appendixes"

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