The birds of North America : the descriptions of species based chiefly on the collections in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution

Smithsonian Institution
Libraries

GIFT OF

Marcia Brady Tucker

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THE BIRDS

NORTH AMERICA;

THE DESCRIPTIONS OF SPECIES BASED CHIEFLY ON THE COLLECTIONS

IN THIF

MUSEUM OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.

BY

SPENCER F. BAIRD,

ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION,
WITH THE CO-OPERATION OF

JOHN CASSIN,

OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA.

AND

GEORGE N. LAWRENCE,

ddith an Athis of One Hundred Plates.

Pea ALS:

PHIGADH UP ELA:

J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CoO.
1860.

PREFACKH.

Tue present Atlas has been prepared for the two-fold purpose of completing the series
of illustrations of the Birds of North America, and to give accurate and easily recognized
figures of the numerous hitherto unknown birds described in the first volume. It contains
figures of all birds inhabiting the United States which have not been given by former
American authors, in connexion with whose works it continues and concludes, as far as
possible, to the present time the pictorial representation of all North American birds. In
the accompanying volume of text will be found descriptions of all the known birds of the
United States; their arrangement in the genera and families of modern zoologists; their
geographical distribution; and, it is believed, everything necessary to a complete’ and
thorough knowledge of this favorite department of the natural history of our country.

In 1843 the distinguished ornithologist, Mr. Audubon, brought to a completion the second
and last edition of his great work on the Birds of North America, in which are given faithful
and accurate representations of nearly five hundred species. This elaborate work included
all the birds known to that celebrated author as inhabiting the continent of America north
of Mexico.

In 1853 Mr. Cassin commenced the publication of a work entitled ‘‘ Illustrations of the
Birds of California, Texas, Oregon, and British and Russian America: intended to contain
descriptions and figures of all North American birds not given by former American authors,
and a general synopsis of North American Ornithology.’’ Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott
& Co. The first series, containing plates of fifty species not given by Audubon, was com-
pleted in 1855, and has not been extended, having been superseded by the present work.

Many of the birds of the United States, not included in the works of the preceding or
other American authors, having been collected by the several parties for the Survey of a
Railroad Route to the Pacific Ocean, and of the Boundary between the United States and
Mexico, as mentioned in the preface to volume I of this work, they were figured in the
reports of these expeditions published by Congress under the direction of the War and
Interior Departments. All of these birds appear in the present volume, but, in almost

every instance, redrawn from better and more characteristic specimens. Of the one hun-
VOL. II 1

II PREFACE.

dred plates, however, of this volume, about one-half appear for the first time, having been
prepared expressly for the present work. Many of the latter represent birds of Eastern
North America.

As already stated, the work of Mr. Audubon contains figures of somewhat less than five
hundred species of North American birds; that of Mr. Cassin contains fifty species. In
the present volume will be found one hundred and forty-eight species, nearly all of which
are now represented for the first time in any work on American ornithology. The three
works together include illustrations of very nearly all the known birds of North America.
A few species only are wanting, chiefly of Russian America and other remote localities, of
which no specimens are preserved in American museums. All are carefully described,
however, in the preceding volume.

The original specimens of a large majority of the species figured in the present volume
are in the museum of the Smithsonian Institution, and have been described and figured by
permission of the Secretary. The collections of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila-
delphia, and of the Boston Natural History Society, have also furnished valuable and inter-

esting types for the same purpose, kindly placed at our disposal.

NE

Prate 1.

Ly.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES-

Falco femoralis, Temm.—Aplomado.—Dr. Heermann’s specimen from New Mexico....-----...--

Buteo elegans, Casstn.—Red-bellied Hawk.-—Adult, Dr. Heermann’s specimen from California ~~.

Buteo elegans, Cassin.—Young. No. 8524. New Mexico -..-.-.--.---.----- nee ene eee
Fig. 1. Passerculus alaudinus, Bon.—Lark Sparrow ..----------------- 20-20 nnnonnncce en enncnncen----
Fig. 2. Peucaea cassinit, BAIRD.—Cassin’s Finch, Dr. Woodhouse’s type specimen .._....--...---------
Myiarchus mexicanus, Bairp.—Ash-throated Flycatcher -....-..-.----.-----------------------

Tryngites rufescens, CABANIS.—Buff-breasted Sandpiper.—San Antonio, Texas. (Type of Dr. Heer-
AMADIS APCClES| ACUUMIS TAEVIUS ieee wea aa Maem cane een emeclesise an ee ace mcececmoceceen aces
Strepsilas melanocephala, Viaors.—Black-headed Turnstone.—California.......-------------.---

Podiceps californicus, HEnRMANN.—California Grebe.—California. From Dr. Heermann’s type spe-

cimen. (Closely related to, if not the young of Podiceps auritus, L.)..-.- See ce eos hasaecae

Podylimbus podiceps, Lawk.—Carolina Grebe.—Young. California. From the type of Podylimbus line-

Gi ipala Gq, Sa oeemorct SSD OUCDOO ORE m OO C Soe SOO SSE ae See eee GE ene ese sere
Graculus penicillatus, Bonar.—Brandt’s Cormorant.—Farallone Islands. Dr. Heermann......--.-
Falco nigriceps, Cassin. —Black-Capped Hawk.—Shoalwater Bay ......---------------------- oe

Buteo swainsoni, Bonap.—Swainson’s Buzzard.—Specimens from Captain Beckwith’s collection.

Buteo swainsoni, Bonap.—More adult plumage than the preceding. Captain Beckwith. Utah-..-

Buteo calurus, Casstn.—Black Red-tail Hawk.—8527. Coppermines of New Mexico. (Now in
Museum ofsehiladel phiacAcademya)seces=mcecmesseeae cee secene menses ee ae emieec meas

Fig. 1. Buteo fuliginosus, Scuarer.—Dusky Hawk.—New Mexico. Dr. Henry. Museum Philadelphia
Academy. (Species described in Pr. Zool. Soc., London, 1858, 356.)-.--------------------

Fig. 2. Buteo oxypterus, Cassin.—Sharp-winged Hawk.—Same locality and collector as the preceding. Mu-

seum Philadelphia Academy.
N.B. These two figures probably represent adult and young of the same species, the latter name

having priority .22. 622226 s eco in nnn newman an nee wenn ann Son ese n aes 6 5-==

Buteo cooperi, Cassin.—Cooper’s Hawk.—No. 8525. Santa Clara county, California.-......------
Chordeiles henryi, Cassin. —Western Night Hawk.—-6698. Female. Upper Rio Grande. (The bird
igmepresentedsor too larse size pysthemioure) sone sense emep ee nae == see ceclee saan aero

Fig. 1. Panyptila melanoleuca, Barrp.—White-throated Swift.—No. 6017. Bill Williams’s Fork --..-....
Fig. 2. Chaetura vauxiit, Dekay.—Oregon Swift. Type specimen in Museum Philadelphia Academy-......
Althis costae, Retcu.—Ruffed Humming Bird.—Male and female, Nos. 6073, 6074. Bill Williams’s

Hork New Mexicosesenacicesosaccceesceslccesacsscmissseeseesses cee secs am cnemisaese=

Corvus cacalotl, WacteR.—Colorado Raven.—6855. Colorado Desert....----------------------

Corvus carnivorus, BARTRAM.—American. Raven. 5. .-<scc-ceascecocc ccc eeccce-eceseencccses

560

** Where not otherwise mentioned, the specimens figured are to be considered as in the museum of the Smithsonian Institu-

tion, and the numbers refer to the Smithsonian record of birds.

be ascertained.

The original of each figure is indicated as far as can now

1V EXPLANATION OF PLATES,

Page.
PLATE 22. Corvus cryptoleucus, Coucn.—White-necked Crow.—No. 4118. Charco Escondido. Type specimen. 565
23. Corvus americanus, Aup.—Common American Crow.—Eastern United States -...--..-..---.----- 566
24. Corvus caurinus, BAirp.—Western Fish Crow.—Washington Territory -..-...-.---------------- 569
25 Pica hudsonica, Bon.—American Magpie.—Rocky Mountains-...-...---.------------+---------6 576
26. Pica nuttalli, Aup.—Yellow-billed Magpie.—California......-.--.0----<-ce0-----6-e--0e00---6 578
27. Fig. 1. Carpodacus cassiniit, Barrp.—Cassin’s Purple Finch.—Type specimen from New Mexico.-..-.----- 414
Fig. 2. Melospiza fallax, BArrp.—Mountain Song Sparrow.—Type from Pueblo Creek, New Mexico.-..-.. 481
28. Fig. 1. Junco dorsalis, Henry.—Red-backed Snowbird.—9270.—Fort Thorn, N. M. Type--..---------- 467
Fig. 2. Passerculus sandwichensis, Barrp.—Nootka Sparrow.—10263. Male. Russian America -..------- 444
29. Pipilo mesoleucus, Barrp.—Cafion Finch.—New Mexico.......----------2--------------- ssese O18
30. Pipiloiaberti;, BAIRD» —-Abertis) Lowhee,. | New eMe@xiCO see meerine a= eee sesmi = eee emai ole
oly Pyranga hepatica, SwAins.—Mountain Tanager.—Fort Thorn, N.M. Museum Phila. Academy... 302
a2. Quiscalus baritus, Vie1Lu.—F lorida Blackbird. —10336.—Male. Indian Key, Fla-_-.---.------- 556

33. Fig. 1. Polioptila plumbea, Barrp.—Western Gnat Catcher.—7181. Colorado river. (The figure beneath
it represents the colorationvof the tall) eee. e= eee e anos = ee eee eee ee eames en ee eee 382
Fig. 2. Psaltriparus plumbeus, Barrp.—Lead-colored Tit.—6777. Colorado river. Type.-.-.--.-------- 398
Fig. 3. Sitta aculeata, Casstn.—Slender-billed Nuthatch.—Profile of head.—10209. Fort Tejon ----..--. 375
Fig. 4. Sitla carolinensis, GMELIN. —White-bellied Nuthatch.—Profile of head. Pennsylvania ..---...--- 374
34. Fig. 1. Sphyropicus williamsonii, Bairp.—Williamson’s Woodpecker. North California -......----.----- 105

Fig. 2. Icteria longicauda, LAwReNce.—Long-tailed Chat.—From the type belonging to Mr. G. N. Lawrence.
(UNO =25.6 025) aes eu er eae ee lt ele 249
35. Fig. 1. Sphyropicus nuchalis, BAinp.—Red-throated Woodpecker,—Male.—10769. Fort Bridger__....--- 103, 921
Fig. 2. Sphyropicus nuchalis, Barrp.—Head of female.—10783. Fort Bridger_...-......--------------- 103

36. Centurus uropygialis, Barrp.—Gila Woodpecker.—Bill Williams’s Fork.—Type. Two figures of the
male bird. ‘The female lacks the red of ‘the:crown--..--2-4s55-sss4-4-aeose Sere eee e 11t
BIL Grus fraterculus, Casstn.—Little Crane.—-10378. Albuquerque, N.M. Type..-s.-------------- 656
38. Podiceps occidentalis, LAwreNcE.—Western Grebe. Washington Territory.......---------------- 894
39. (1.)* Scops mei call, (CASSIN.-—- Western MottlediOwls Mexasstocsssseneeeaee eee eae ass- seeeeseese 50

40. (IL) Fig. 1. Trogon mexicanus, Sw —Mexican Trogon.—4338. New Leon. Fig. 2. Under view of tail of a
: different specimen? 2.2 22cssoe0 bese ce aos Somer aes woe seme sean eee Semone ee eee esos 65
41. (III.) Fig. 1. Picus scalaris, WaGuER.—Texas Sap-sucker.—Male. Texas....-----------.------------- 94
Fig. 2. Picus nuttalli, GamBeL.—Nuttal’s Woodpecker.—Male....-.------.---~---++------------ 93

By an error in the plate the whitish nasal bristles of P. nuttallii are not shown in contradis-

tinction to the smoky brown ones of P. scalaris.

42. (IV.) Centurus flaviventris, Sw.—Yellow-bellied Woodpecker.--Fig. 1, male. —Fig. 2,female. Texas..-.... 110
43. (V.) Figs. 1 and 2. Selasphorus platycercus, GouLD —Broad-tailed Humming-bird......------------------ 135
Fig. 3. Trochilus alexandr, Bourc.—Black-chinned Humming-bird.--Male. In Dr. Heermann’s collection. 133
44, (VI.) Chordeiles texensis, LAwRENcE.—Texas Night Hawk. Texas --.--.---------------------------- 154
45. (VII.) Ceryle americana, Borr.—Texas Kingfisher.—Fig. 1: Adult; fig. 2: Young.—Texas ------------ 159

46. (VIIL.) Momotus caeruliceps, GouLD —Saw-bill.—From a Mexican specimen in the Museum of the Phila-
delphia, Academy 22 Se -nJee asm enisee acorns ne oe meet ence cca cee etete see eee eee eee 161

47. (IX.) Fig. 1. Pachyrhamphus aglaiae, Larr.——Rose-throated Flycatcher.—Male. 4025. New Leon. (Pla-
lypsarissajimis Ot Kot eee 2am emacs Se sae a aye sare ne aren en ee aioe nee ee ae eerie 164
Fig. 2. Bathimidurus major, CaBANIS.—Thick-bill.—Female. 4026. New Leon....---.--------------- 166
Fig. 3. Myiarchus lawrenciti, Barrp.—Lawrence’s Flycatcher,.—Female. 10028. New Leon__---------- 18i

“ The figures in parenthesis refer to the numbers of the plates in the Mexican Boundary series.

Prats 48.
49,

EXPLANATION OF PLATES.

(%.) Tyrannus vociferans, Sw.—Cassin’s Flycatcher.—New Mexico

(XI) Fig. 1. Tyrannus couchii, Barrp.—Couch’s Flycatcher.—New Leon. Type

Fig. 2. Tyrannus melancholicus, Viritu.—Silent Flycatcher.—Tail. (A south Mexican species introduced
to show the difference in emargination of tail from 7. couchit)

Fig. 3. Empidonax obscurus, Barrp.—Wright’s Flycatcher.—7234. El Paso

. (XIL.) Harporhynchus lecontii, Bonap.—Leconte’s Thrush.—Fort Yuma. From the type in collection of Geo.

N. Lawrence

51. (XIIL.) Harporhynchus curvirostris, Cag.—Curve-billed Thrush.—7200. Ringgold Barracks, Texas -....----
52. (XIV.) Harporhynchus longirostris, Cas.—Texas Thrasher.—Mexico ......------------------------------
53. (XV.) Fig. 1. Lophophanes wollweberi, Bonap.— Wollweber’s Titmouse.—Fort Thorn. Museum Philadelphia

56.

57.

58.

59.
60.

61.
62.
63.

64,

65.

66.
67.

5. (XVIL.) Fig. 1. Spizella atrigularis, Barrp.—Black-chinned Sparrow.—4335, Coahuila

INGE) a Soon Den COCO ROA Ao SOD Oe Ben oem OSCE Ep URoSe roc ao SOG ecmoe ao Ser oseacse
Inne P, Jévitedele phone sy Jeyant) == \ Woe Neh eo ise se oe Oe oo Soon Seesee cae ee esos a5
Fig. 3. Psaltriparus melanotus, Bonap.—Black-cheeked Tit.—Guatemala. Museum Philadelphia Academy-

. (XVL.) Fig. 1. Chrysomitris mexicanus, Bonap —Mexican Goldfinch .--.-------------------------------

Fig. 2. Spermophila moreletii, Pucunran.—Little Seed-eater.—Male. From specimen belonging to P. L.
Sclater. Fig. 3. Spermophila moreletti. Female. Lt Couch’s collection

Fig. 2. Lmbernagra rufivirgata, Lawr.—Texas Finch.—Texas

(XVIIL) Fig. 1. Cyanospiza pardlina, Bairp.—Blue Bunting.—4076. New Leon
Fig. 2. Cyanospiza versicolor, BAtrp.—Varied Bunting. —4075. New Leon

(XIX) Fig. 1. Lcterus parisorum, Bonar.—Scott’s Oriole.—4056. Male. New Leon. Type of Icterus scottii,
Couch) sce soe eee coher cesec eect teem ees ortaeccccedes suet ceeceeee scamewoscomece

Fig. 2. Jcterus wagleri, Scuarrr.—Wagler’s Oriole.—Male. 4058. Coahuila....-....-....------------

(XX.) Quiscalus macroura, Sw.—Long-tailed Grakle.—Texas.......--.-----s00e-2-0055000-5--5-------
(XXI.) Cyanoeitta woodhousii, Barrp.— Woodhouse’s Jay.—9345. San Francisco Mountains, New Mexico...

(XXII) Fig. 1. Cyanocitta sordida, Barrp.—Mountain Jay.—9095. Mexico
Fig. 2. Cyanocitta ultramarina, StricKL,—Ultramarine Jay.—Bill and tail, to show the difference from the

mrecedinouspecicsau 4 lilsam Vales Montere ya NtCX1CO} seen seia= = een a renee sere see eialale

(XXIII.) Columba flavirostris, Wacu.—Red-biled Dove.—4111. New Leon

(XXIV.) Ortyx tecanus, LawR.—Texan Quail.—Male and female. Dr. Heermann’s collection

(XXV.) Fig. 1. Dendrocygna fulva, Burm.—Brown Tree Duck.—10399. Male. Fort Tejon
Fig. 2. Dendrocygna autumnalis, Kyton.—Long-legged Duck.—9871. Texas ......--------------------

Asturina nitida, Bonap.—Mexican Hawk.—Fig.1: Adult. Collection of Phila. Academy. Fig. 2:
ALZSea) Vounceema les) oan Dichom Mex ase eee seen a aa ae eee eee eee aeeeninee soe

Rostrhamus sociabilis, D’Ors.—Black Kite.—Fig. 1: Adult. Museum Phila. Academy. Fig. 2:
Young. Specimen from Florida in Museum Phila, Academy

Syrnium occidentale, Xantus.—Tejon Owl.—Type

Fig. 1. Corvus floridanus, Barrp.—Florida Crow.—10374. Male. South Florida, Type
Fig. 2. Corvus ossifragus, Witson.—Fish Crow.—4515. Male. Washington, D.C

== Syrnium occidentale, Xantus.—Proceedings Phila. Acad. Nat. Sciences, 1859, 193.

Sp. Cuar.—A little smaller than S. nebulosum ; general color liver brown, the feathers barred everywhere, even on the flanks

Axillars and under wing and tail coverts banded transversely with white, the bands towards and on the head are contracted
into rounded spots.

General appearance that of S. nebulosum.

Prevailing color light liver brown, each short feather with two transverse bars

of white, the basal one tinged with rufous yellow ; the subterminal pure white and not generally extending to the edges of
the feathers. These bars have a marginal suffusion of brown darker than the ground color. On the top of the head and
neck the subterminal bar exhibits a tendency to contraction into rounded or cordate spots, and in other places to a median

VI EXPLANATION OF PLATES.

PLATE 68. Psilorhinus morio, GRaY.—Brown Jay.—From specimens in Museum of Phila. Academy. Not those aa
described in the text. Fig. 2: Head of the yellow-billed VTL DY atelier mle lo ee te eee eet 592
69. Fig. 1. Zonotrichia gambelii, Gampet.—Gambel’s Finch.—6205. Male. Sacramento .....-..-.-------- 460
Fig. 2. Zonotrichia leucophrys, Sw.—White-crowned Sparrow. Figure of head to show the difference in the
supra-ocular white stripe from that of the preceding species. 1506. Male. Carlisle, Pa .-.... 458
Fig. 3. Passerella schistacea, Barrp.—Slate-colored Sparrow.—11231. Male. Fort Bridger. (Upper
anand le sto: GO t,) eee mte steele ee eee ate ee ee re 490,925
Fig. 4. Passerella schistacea, var. megarhynchus. The thick-billed variety or species (?) from Fort Tejon.
W220 22 eHerialess SBOr tule) One se ater ye ore ee ae ares eee ne 490
70. Fig. 1. Melospiza heermanni, Barrp.—Heermann’s Finch.—10272. Male. Fort ej One se aes pce seen 478
Fig. 2. Melospiza gouldit, Barrp.—Gould’s Sparrow.—8053. California.—Type .-.-..-..--------------- 479

71. Fig. 1. Ammodromus samuelis, Barrp.—Samuel’s Finch.—7098. Male. Petaluma, Cal., August, 1856. Type. 455

Fig. 2. Luphonia elegantissima, GRay.—Blue-headed Tanager.—Male. 560. Rio Grande Valleyeeeeaajasee 304
Fig. 3. Luphonia elegantissima,Gray.—Female. From specimen in Museum Phila, Academy from Mexico.
72. Fig. 1. Junco caniceps, Barrp.—Gray-headed Snow Bird.—11159. Female. Fort Bridger. April,1858 -. 468
Fig. 2. Carpodacus californicus, Barrp.—Westemm purple Finch.—Male. 10230. Fig. 3. Female. 10231.
OLE LC] OM acc ee ee a ee ee ee ee 413
([sy. Pipila megalonyt, BArrp.—Spurred Towhee.—10287, Male. Fort Tejon -.....--..---------_-- 515
74. Fig. 1. Leucosticte arctous, Bonap.—Arctic Finch.—Specimen from Kamschatka in museum Philadelphia
Academy Soo sae sao scee eee cee co nee ee cee See a a ee cee tae ee ee 430
Fig. 2. Plectrophanes melanomus, Barrp.—Black-shouldered Longspur.—Specimen in Philadelphia Academy
HEL OTIASIN © Fass ik ase Siete yee ee eats rea eons a a I a oe Se ee ae 436
75. Fig. 1. Collyrio elegans, Barrp.—White-winged Shrike.—(From specimen in museum of the Philadelphia
Academy, brought from California by Wm. Gambel ; its precise locality unknown) . ..-.------ 328
Fig. 2. Collyrio excubitoroides, Barrp.—White-rumped Shrike.—No. 8720. Fort Yuma...-.-.------------ 327
76, Fig. 1. Empidonax hammondii, Barrp.—Hammond’s Flycatcher.—Fort Tejon...----.---.---------+--eee 190
Fig. 2. Empidonaz dificilis, Barrp. Western Flycatcher.—California..........------------ eoaee es cee 198
77. Fig. 1. Seophaga miniata, Sw.—Red-bellied Flycatcher.—Specimen from Xalapa, in Phila. Academy....... 299
Fig. 2. Seophaga picta, Sw.—Painted Flycatcher.—4014. Male. New Leon, Mex........-------.----- 298
78. Fig. 1. Vireo cassinii, Barrp.—Cassin’s Vireo.—Type from Fort Tejon........------------------------ 340
Fig. 2. Vireo huttont, Casstx.—Hutton’s Vireo.—Type from Monterey...-----.--.--------------------- 339
Fig. 3. Vireo philadelphicus, Cassin.—Philadéelphia Vireo -.-.-=--.---«<<0-<---- 200-25 -e-ncenecene 335

interruption along the shaft. On the scapulars, axillars, and other elongated feathers there are several white bars. The

facial disk is grayish, obscurely barred with brown; the posterior margin of the ear is uniform liver brown, then becoming
banded with white. The longest quills and tail feathers show about 7 to 9 clouded transverse light bars, one of these at the
end of the feather; the bars on the inner and outer margins are quite white, especially towards the base of the feather,
elsewhere they are mottled yellowish brown or brownish yellow ; the legs are dirty yellowish, with obscure and rather trans-
The bill is greenish yellow; the iris gamboge; the claws horn color; the toes are thickly

verse mottlings of brown.
The fourth quill is longest, the fifth and then the third a little

feathered to within two scutelle of the base of the claws.
shorter, the second between the sixth and seventh ; the first rather shorter than the eighth.

Length of male 18 inches; extent 40; wing 13; tail 84; tarsus about 2.

This species, with a general resemblance to the Syrnium nebulosum, is of rather smaller size, and readily distinguished by
the entire absence of any of the longitudinal brown stripes so conspicuous on the belly, flanks, and lower tail coverts of the
The white bars on the feathers are much less

latter species ; these regions being barred transversely with white and brown.
The

continuous and regular, and on the neck and head are restricted to rounded spots instead of forming regular zones.

under wing coverts are banded transversely instead of being uniform yellowish white. The bill is less pure yellow.

A single specimen (original number 1858) was collected at Fort Tejon, March 6, 1858

Prats 79. Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
80. Fig. 1,
Fig, 2.
81. Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

82.

83. Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.

84. Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.

85. Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
86.

87.
88.

89. Fig. 1.

90.

91, Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.

92. Fig. 1.

=! Helminthophaga virginiae, Batrp.—Similar in general appearance to H. ruficapilla.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES.

Helminthophaga virginiae, Barrp.—Virginia’s Warbler.—10719. Cantonment Burgwyn, N. M. Dr,
ANG CYSO Meme RV DO;SPCCLIN CO slats cree nye a iatetateie lectin ale rcin a se aietet stared = tee (eter ae oiae sinter ci aletcleciaiaictes
Oporornis agilis, Barrp.—Connecticut Warbler.—2309. Male. Carlisle, Pa. May 20, 1845, (The

firstroulleshouldsbe; longest) ccecssennen= erence eae ean a atlantis canes eeemsmace seeece as
Geothlypis philadelphia, Barrp.—Mourning Warbler.—Head and breast.—689. Male. Carlisle, Pa.

Geothlypis macgillivrayi, Barrp.—Macgillivray’s Warbler.—Head and breast...-....----- eee aes
Seiurus noveboracensis, Nutr.—Water Thrush.—1502, Male. Carlisle, Pa -.....---.--.---------
Seiwrus ludovicianus, Bonap.—Large-billed Water Thrush,—964. Male. Carlisle, Pa --....------

Turdus ustulatus, NurrauL.—Oregon Thrush.—Lower figure. 2040. Columbia river. (Mr. Nuttall’s

Turdus aliciae, BArrp.—Gray-cheeked Thrush.—Upper figure. 10084. West Northfield, Illinois.

LHarporhynchus crissalis, HENRy.—Red-vented Thrush.—8127. FortThorn. Museum of Phila. Acad.

Thryothorus berlandieri, Coucu.—Berlandier’s Wren.—7123. Male. New Leon. Type---.-.....-
Certhia mexicana, GLoGER.—Mexican Creeper.—8176. Mexico........-------------------eeeeee

Certhiola flaveiola, Sunp.—Yellow-rumped Creeper.—10367. Indian Key, Fla. Jan. 31, 1858. (The

YVellowzol the wap is NOv CxDIDbeC) eee ema cee= sactae Sac Seeaea ne eee eees ee nee ates
Crotophaga rugirostris, Sw.—Black Parrot.—8639. Male. Tortugas. June, 1857..--.....---..--
Crotophaga ani, Linn.—Ani. Head. From specimen shot near Philadelphia; in the museum of the

Phila wa cademyeaae vis se wesaece sama a= ee wiaastelseelseiewia aeic\ean sininlninnicinwicieaisiamieiciminss aces oe
Picoides dorsalis, BAtrrp.—Striped Three-toed Woodpecker,—Specimen from Pike’s Peak, in Phila.

Academy oscaas<e= DODGE SS eC EEN Ca a Sap SSecoSeoon 5 pmb eeoseeee mae SS Seno Sao Seecoc
Picus gairdneri, Aup.—Gairdner’s Woodpecker.—Male. 6101. Shoalwater Bay, W. T ----------
Picus gairdneri, Female. Figure of the head. 3905. California......------.---.------------
Ardea wurdemanni, BAiRD.—Wurdemann’s Heron.—South Florida...--..--.---------------.---
Ibis guarauna, Suaw.—Bronzed Ibis.—New Mexico. In Museum of Philadelphia Academy --.-..

Heteroscelus brevipes, Barrp.—Wandering Tatler.—From Sandwich Islands. Specimens in Museum
Of Phila sAcadem yee cece esas e aces maces e sinulaininlaialulwlainie wiouleicia ciac/eiclelsia amninaainiamiale setae wiclae

Tringa cooperi, Barrp.—Cooper’s Sandpiper.—5989. Long Island. May 24, 1833....---.-------
Crex pratentis, Becust.—Corn-Crake.—From specimen in Phila, Academy. Shot at Salem, N.J..

Aegialitis nivosa, Cassin. —Western Plover.—Fig. 1. Male. 12802. April8, 1857. San Francisco.
Wiow2: Bemale.” U3i24. October 24, 180%. cccscccncccoses-ooeese sere senna =+scsnee-.-

Nettion crecca, Kaup.—English Teal.—From a European specimen in Museum of Phila. Academy.
Mareca penelope, Bonap.—European Widgeon.—Specimen from Long Island in Museum of Phila.
Academyoc occ sce ececcnc socsacecienae See aaa aemeeem a eesee ee scene cee a= Seem ee eee

Erismatura dominica, Eyton.—Black-masked Duck.—Male. From specimen in‘collection of the
Boston Society of Natural History shot on Lake Champlain. Fig.2. Female. From a South
American specimen in Museum of Phila. Academy ....----20n-----nncenen nnn came ennnnns

100

Top and sides of head, back, and

wings light ashy plumbeous, with an almost imperceptible wash of olivaceous green; quills and tail feathers brown, edged

with pure ashy plumbeous; the latter indistinctly and narrowly margined with whitish internally and at the end. Rump

and upper and lower tail coverts bright yellow (with a greenish tint above) in vivid contrast to the rest of the body. Crown

with a concealed patch of orange brown.

Rest of under parts brownish white with indications of yellow along the median

region, (perhaps entirely yellow when mature.) Inside of wings and axillars whitish. A white ring around the eye. Length
5 inches; extent 74; wing 24. No. 10719. Fort Burgwyn, N.M. Collected by Dr. W. W. Anderson, U. §. A.

7 Ibis quarauna, Suaw.—This species differs from Jbis ordii, in longer legs, and an entire absence of chestnut red, which

is replaced by bronzed green. No specimens in the Smithsonian collection show any gloss on the head and neck.

Vill

Prats 93.

100.

. Fig. 1. Uria columba, Cassin. —Western Guillemot.—North Pacific. Capt. Rodgers

EXPLANATION OF PLATES.

Fig. 1. Chroicocephalus cucullatus, Brucu.—Hooded Gull.—4320. Calcasieu, La. (The hood should
extendifurtherionsthe throats) pena nsecee scenes cee ee none eee aes eee een a eee

Fig. 2. Chroicocephalus frankliniti, Brucu.—Franklin’s Rosy Gull.—4897. Kanesville, Mo. April 28,

Sterna elegans, GAMBEL.—Elegant Tern.-—From specimen shot in the harbor of San Francisco by
Mr.J. Hepburn -226 <.ce= 2

Sterna pikei, LawRk.—Slender-billed Tern.—From original in collection of Geo. N. Lawrence

Fig. 2. © Uria grylle, Larnam.—Black Guillemot.—Sea of Ochotsk. Capt. Rodgers’ collection in Smithsonian
Museum

Uria carbo, Branpt.—Crow Guillemot.—From Kamschatka. Phila. Academy

Graculus mexicanus, Bonap.—Mexican Cormorant.—Phila. Academy

. Fig. 1. Podiceps dominicus, Laruam.—White-winged Grebe.—From specimen in Museum of Phila. Academy

from Xalapa, Mex

Fig. 2. Thalassidroma melaniu, Bonap.—Black Stormy Petrel.—13725. San Francisco

Podiceps Clarkii, Lawrence.—Clarke’s Grebe. 9930. Female. Chihuahua

eee ee ee |

Page.

851

851

860
863
912

Sit
913
879

897
830

895

SYSTEMATIC LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS,*

Page
63. Falco nigriceps,, Cassin—Plate: Xie oe so scesccdse ce eeacnccncisecmcicmiacesecina cote ansoceresmeccceccaass 8
9° Hy potniorchisifemoralis sGray— late de sen oem ce serio asia sae eatee aia inie = leinieiecienl aeetlesceseies seas cee 11
Ii) Buteoswainsoni, Bonay.——Llates xls MoV See clcemaivnnta a ooieeinteissisiainia = aeons pee eine cieeaeeseeee Seeman ae 19
205) Buteorcalurus;, Cassin—Plate hy oo 2 so ose sc omeiasecisn easel nae econ sec ceca: se sev eececsaacecceseesee an 22
26. Buteo elegans, Cassin—Plate II, adult—Plate III, young.----.-----.-------2 2 ne ee ee ee eee eee 28
280 Buteo oxy pterus, Czssit——blate exer. 2 so sleicisitnia nile Se ele ele mice weinicaine cee seceeeniesessmceaneeecaeiease 30
£28. Buteo fuliginosus, Scl. —Plate XV, fig. 1.
29.) Buteo cooper, Cassi—Plate: XVI cscs ccsccecescceren sconce cwnadewenmaccdcdesisasenecscncccecisces cece 31
33. Asturina nitida, Bonap.—Plate LXIV, adult and young ....-.------------ oo = ee een nee ene 35
37. Rostrhamus sociabilis, D’ Orb. —Plate LXV, figs. 1, 2, adult and young._-.-.....-.---.-..---------------- 38
OO SCOpsemcca lini a Casseye—— Erle Lej Xe Ne sa lo Ne eraser arene omer ates mete ao ly eae eee le ae seta 50
*54. Syrnium occidentale, Yantus—Plate LXVI.
Gb.) Lrogontmexicanus; Swainson—Plate XU emae sericea aiscinsieiseiee sae weis asec oaamsecnasee senate ncieee ae sas 65
66; Crotophaga rugirostris, Si,— Plate: DRL, figs Wesco seeececccmescceessssecccaanaceccecsseucececcss 71
67. Crotophaga ani, Linn. —Plate LXXXIV, fig. 2... 2-20-2202 - ee en ne ee nee eee eee eee ene ene eee 72
77. Picus gairdneri, Aud. —Plate LK XXYV, figs. 2, 3, male and female_.....-......-------------------+----6 91
78: Picus nuttalli; Gambel—Plate Xl, figs 2ia. ace. sem aacwoeceeee cus teaeocced cece wccseessoccasececeeces 93
(9a sicus-scalaris;.« Wagler——Plate hl fg 2s See. ecco ceesmececaaseat a sekeecnsscmaicose aoeecisesmeccseecice 94
84. Picoides:dorsalis, Barrd—Plate| XX, fig) oe ec ccieccsmecdianeecainescsacecmcmcnj-sedercemcneeccacaae 100
88. Sphyropicus nuchalis, Baird Plate KXKV, figs, 1, 2.--c--ssennecse--coesetceccaneeen sneendeneeeeees | aa
88. Sphyropicus williamsonii, Baird--Plate KXXIV, fig. 1-.-.-.-------- eee een ee nen eee een eee ene 105
92; Centurus'flaviventris:. Sw:-——Plate XL. 2.2. cccccesccccecascosscatecsnce cetecssce ccc dacsae coackasmes ce 110
93. Centurus uropygialis, Baird—Plate XXXVI.....--------.---------------- eee Goneaseeseaceenuemewaetes 111
102. Trochilus alexandri, Bourc. & Muls—Plate XLIV, fig. 3....---- 2-22 nnn een nnn wen ene nn ne eee ence ween 133
104. Selasphorus platycerus, Gould—Plate XLII, figs. 1, 2.-------------- eo ee ne nee een enw eee 135
106. Atthis costae, Reichenb. —Plate XIX, male and female__._.......------- 2 ee eee ee eee eee eee ema a(eicle eine 138
107. Panyptila melanoleuca, Baird—Platée XVII, fig. Von sc is. - secs cnet e es cece cee ence nsceseeseecees coe ens 141
POs" Chacturarvauxii Deroy — Plate evil, es 2eaeeomaae cm eessencnecama cee cnemen ee aaeeeccite seoseaee = oe 145
5s Chordeilesi henry, Cassin——Plate sevilla sane wecice oie eee eeaeeeee cece oe Somatenecesscceescneceeascenee secs 153
T16. Chordeiles texensis,, Dawrence—Plate XLV ...2. cen ccwc cece can nec case wesc case ncceocemccceecesccemsssa 154
118. Cerylevamericana,, Boe—Plate WdiVieo ccs coe aae eces ue ociewocccceccecuscn a sccceees eeietee best ceceue eeceen 159
19%, “Momotusicaeruliceps; iGould— PlatesiUVilecoseces soe ence ae cence cece ane cesieecne sess se seaencseeces sce 161
120. Pachyrhamphus aglaiae, Lafresn.—Plate XLVII, fig. 1, male.. 0.2. ee nneecn econ nnn enn nnn nnn een nn nne 164
121. Bathmidurus major, Cab,—Plate XLVII, fig. 2, female._.....-------------- 2-2 en een nee wen ene e ene 166
Ze Dyrannus. vociteranss| Sws——blater la Val gee nsans ence ces cceeeansnbae soe ecene semcesecanee oe snemeccceas 174
Zee byrannus couchit, Bard——Plate MUL Ney Leecacseseeectcecesccescccecnscesecccsetecesecceecscesuess 175
129. Tyrannus melancholicus, Vieill.—Plate KLIX, fig. 2.00.0 nee w ence ee cee cee ence ce cece een ene nen 176
131. Myiarchus mexicanus, Baird—Plate V .----.-----6 anne oon nnn n ene en een ew eee nent e cence sbomaneecen em ciacie 179
133. Myiarchus lawrencii, Baird—Plate XLVII, fig. 3.--00--0ec---enen cece en nnn eee cee een nee ence ene nnennee ~ 181
144a. Empidonax difficilis, Baird —Plate LX XVI, fig. 2.2.2.0 220 een eee ene ce eee eee een c eee nee ne nee enna 198

* The figures to the left of the name refer to the systematic list of North American birds in the first volume.
VOL. II 2

x SYSTEMATIC LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

Page
145, Empidonax hammondil,Bard—Plate LX XVij fie, Voss seo lone ee ane eniece es eee e meee eee eeeeeesnenee 190
1465) Wmpidonaxobscunus; 26 77d — Plate: KUL Xe seems se eases nee eene see eeee ee seneacceeseeseee aac 200
152. Turdus ustulatus, Nuitall—Plate LX XXI, fig. L......--.--------2------ Suiosiese eae Ws adi lode oie Oe = 215
$54; Lurdusraliciae,, Bard ——Piate Texel, ioe 2 eects aaeeie ca a seine anemia cee amenescae cone mance ecee enone 217
172: ‘Geothlypis philadelphia, Baird —PlatesUXX EX, fic, Bios. cosceewcee asc cae eeeceee noe sa eeeseaes aeen cece 243
173: Geothlypis macpillivrayi, Barrd==Plite DX XEXKS figs “eal le ec ceeonuceceseese ce aceceeacesceeseceaesecee 244
174. Oporornisagilis,) Baird —Plate LXeXi x fips Jen ns anes snes sec eee ease nce ces cere a seee Sen aceemen essen. 246
Live leteria longicauday Laure ——Plate XX) fo 2es cee seen ane ace ea eee eras sae een eee eeeaeee eae meee 249
183a. Helminthophaga virginiae, Buird —Plate LX XIX, fig. 1.
USi.9 Selurusimoveboracensis; dVid7;—blate: lake fio eee een ee eee eee oe ass onenee aera 261
188. Seiurus Judovicianus; Bonap. —Plate UuxXxex) fee 2 Soe cece meme eaena sen ees eee a cen eneneee seca neces 262
218s Setophapapicta,;Sw.— Plate: Lxexoyil, fiend cena iam ame mise cee ene me eniaisiece see eieee ase nneeetmie | osteee as 298
219°) Setophagaminiata, (Sw) — Plate Gx VIM fips Sec eem cme esse cle Sener eee seine eal ae ae eee eee 299
222. -Pytanga hepatica, .Sw.—Plate kX) 22. Scams emcencs acancss ose eeeceseonseee aeeeeee eee cessens 302
224. Wuphonia elegantissima, Gray—Plate UX XI, figs. 2, 3iccccs22- 2 csasase Sass nce ocean eee cekcssscenee - 304
238: Collyrio excubitoroides; Buird—Plateve KV ale 2 cee oe ee eres eee ee Sena oe a eee aaa ae eee 327
239. Collyriovelegans, Buird—Plate LARV, fig, loccsccccc nc seca ceo caoesnceasescweccsencccecccanncceenmce 328
244, Vireo philadelphicus; (Cassi — Plate Tx Xe Val eT pec ererel a tora rete alee iat lototele ie ateteteaiatetete sete otis iaiciersiaie sai 335
249.) Vireo huttoni;, Cassin—Plate UX XVI. fie. Zee ccanecos sere e eae eee e ee eee eee eee eee maemo 339
261.. Vieo Cassinil, vantus— Plate TeX Raval De te ek Sere ree este etm ree ees es te er ce re ee rer oraies 340
Z25ife Harporhynehus econ tit, Bonaps—-Pl ate a oye eee mime miei om oie = st ere ee areata aia 350
2608, Harporhynchusicrissallis, »fenry—Plate: Xx one eae eee e see aieaieal sae eines = cele ee cle) clsmielaia 351
2095 sHarporhy menus Cu rvaGOstrlsy Cale) ev Geta Me Seer este ce cnet erty remem ee mala rte ae oo
260: Harporhyncus:longirostris, Cab\—Plate Wil 22a 2 - enn sem eene se a ee a a Sica emieada a claeecea == eens as 352
266. ‘Thryothorus berlandieri, Couch—Plate UX XXEL fio. Wo oo ae a eee ee ne Siesta see eine 362
276. ‘Certhia mexicana; Gloger—Plate DRX XI), fig 2o2c spac ws em es sense ee sosenas scone ceec een scene aessnemae 373
Zit. Sitte carolinensis, Gunein—-Plate ROCs fio 4 eee eee eae eee eeeeeneee Seen eee eae ee eee 374
AiS> ouctaraculea tas Cassere— ela Ce SN NMG Tt Oe Se reeset etme sles tei ee oii ate el eerste 375
283. “Pohoptila plumibea, Bard Pla tes Kee A oe ES tetera alegre ete te teeta eeinte atte 382
288. Thophophanes: wollweben,<Sonap:— Plate Tulle fig, Nee oes cic e eee ee aaa ma ae eiee ee male sie loeian 386
29. Psaltriparus: melanotus;Bonap— Plate LIN ie 3-22 eons ren oa eee es ace aa an enemas see e semiae = ara 396
2995. Psalitxipanus) plumbeus;ssa7rd——Plate ux eos io ee teenies aaa ee ei aimee siele ie ele eaters 398
300: Paroles: faviceps:, Bard—PlatesuIlls fig 222 cseneeeicienmeemale were a seal emielasiaree mie ole miaiarate ste aieleia itera 400
SOs Centhiola faveola, wS urd. ——Pla tes ax UN Tati Og cS cee ces wees oe eye ele emo ett toe le et 924
306. Carpodacus californicus, Baird—Plate LX XII, figs. 2, 3, male and female..--.-.---.-.-.------e---- 205-220 413
307. Carpodicus cassinii, Baird—Plate XXVII, fig. 1, male--.-.--.- Leena cen mee cyeccice sea sinteineee sis eareteines 414
315. Chrysomitris mexicana, Bonop —Plate LIV, fig. 1.---.---------------- Seduce a Sood case ceca cccce tee eee 424
324. Leucosticte arctous, Bonap.—Plate LXXIV, fig. 1...---------------0------- nn een eee ne ee ee 430
829. Plectrophanes melanomus, Burd—Plate DRXIV, fig. 22.525. 5c0 sc occa sae sem ercoceesccee neces ensocseue 436
Sddee LAsserculus SAN GwiChErisisss sere —_ bile C Cy Ne NUT TNO era ees rma ee tele erm teen eet ee 444
335. Passerculus alaudinus, Bonap.—Plate IV, fig. 1----..-------- ~~ no-one en ener een nnn ene enn eee nc ee ene 446
$43. Ammodromus'samuelis, Baird—Plate UXGXT, fig. lo 22622 o2c- oc ccaeeccee meen === Secor eesa see maems= 455
345. Z notrichia leucophrys, Sw.— Plate LXIX, fig 2....---------------- e202 -- ~~ eee nnn ee nee 458
8346. Zonotrichia gambelii, Gombel—Plate LXIX, fig. 1......--------------- 2-0-2 en eee ee nnn e eee 460
851. Junco dorsalis, Henry—Plate XXVIII, fig. 1--...--------- 22-0022 nee enone nw nnn ee nn ene nee ens 467
853. Junco caniceps, Baird—Plate LX XII, fig: 1.2.22... 2 eon n enn sone nnn ae ese enn oe ena 468
8622 spizellaatrigularis:, baird——blate wa Veah oa eee a oor a tetera aie erties el lel ee i 476
364. Melospiza heermanni, Baird—Plate LXX, fig. 1--.--.-------------------- 22-2 2 ee eee een eee eee 478
365. Melospiza gouldii, Baird—Plate LXX, fig 2...--.------------- 22 = en oe nnn nen ene eee een e nee 479
367. Melospiza fallax, Baird—Plate XXVII, fig 2-...------.- ----------------- 2-2 een eee eee ene eee eee 481
3714 Peucaea cassinil., Baird—Plate IV, fic. 2-cccnccencescesene sans ca teasec ss alae ceee once ceciaeeanasesmiases 485
373. Embernagra rufivirgata, Lawr.—Plate LV, fig. 2 .--------- enter e nen nec renee ema nen en ensccnces 373
376. Passerella schistacea, Baird—Plate LXIX, fig. 3....---0---- scene nnennncnmmennnnnnenennenenae SR aSG00 - 490

383.
385.
388.
394.
395.
397.
411.
412.
419.
422.
423.
424,
425.
426.
427.
428.
429.
432.
433.
438.
440.
441,
444,
446.
472.
480.
488.
500a.
509.
516.
527.
542,
546.
558.
574,
575.
580.
586.
610.
625.
626.
643.
668.
669.
684.
593.
704.
705.
707.
708a.
709.
726.
727.
728.

SYSTEMATIC LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. xI

Page

Cyanospiza parellina, Baird—Plate LVI, fig. 1----------- 0-22 - een eee ne nen en ee eee ne nn nnn nee nee 502
Cyanospiza versicolor, Baird—Plate LVI, fig. 2--------------------------------= Se eh acceseee sce scene 503
Spermophila moreleti, Pucheran—Plate LIV, figs. 2, 3 ~.---- --~-00- 222 - meen enn nnn nen ween nee een ee eenee 506
Pipilo megalonyx, Baird—Plate LX XIII_.....--.--------------------------------- eee fecieaweaeeeneuen = O15
Pipilo abertii, Baird—Plate XXX... 222-22 - ene ween ee en nn on ee nn nn ee eee ene eee enn e cee 517
Pipilo mesoleucus, Baird—Plate XXIX...... -------------------------- pee sSesie se aceon se aeeeumatees 518
Icterus parisorum, Bonap —Plate LVII, fig. 1.--.....------.----- 20 2 enn n ne en ee eee ee een - 544
Icterus wagleri, Sclater—Plate LVII, fig. 2...---ce--- ona nnn ~~ no en nn eee nee eee eee nne 545
Quiscalus macroura, Sw:—Plate LVUIL 2.2 525 cc eee ec ecee ace eee ne wee eee sen eena sens ncecerceseee sees 553
Quiscalus baritus, Vietll—Plate XXXII... 22-2 naw enw ne enn ee nn nn nn ee enn ne ee ene nee 556
Corvus carnivorus, Bartram—Plate XX1..- 220-21 e en ence naan nn nnn en en eee ene nnn een eee n ele 560
Corvus cacalotl, Wagl.—Plate KX ...----- ----- eee neon nn nn nn nnn nn nn ee ee ee ee nee 563
Corvus cryptoleucus, Couch—Plate XXII..-..---------------- eee eee te aretacee sna male a elajaaiea selec lamas 565
(Chjaniechnsuuninieh hei SOs DOCUUC See eS Se ooe mee soa ea eae aee COD EEo See e pS OUSSOroge Eee 566
Corvusiforidanus, Baird—PlateWsxVill, fies lec eccassencemeess sce sasnes saccicee ns wecine anos cece sossec=s 568
@orsyjO pce UN TN Us ops eT Ol eh te NN Veneer ie 569
Corvus ossitrapus, -Wison——Plate LXV, fig. 2-2 oo cceeeccacemanccneccsieacweneesceeem =e Ssseno coe eeaee 571
Weiter Halon, Mir IU BN) OO. 8S eee soemeeameceoeeSee sae o Sp sees SaaS ese eSoreooooe acogecee 576
RicamnuttallAuds—— Plate eXeXxeV le aaa em ceise seteisia mieeiesieisae siecle maleate eielsieiaalaales salen einem aateresise see 578
Cyanocitta woodhousil, Barrd—Plate Wi LXre ao aeciceinat aaa isie winnie aeinieinie in Sieine essen ainin =a ainaineiie seine seme 585
Cyanocitta sordida, Baird—Plate LX, fig. 1.--.---------------- 222+ -- 2 ono nen nnn nnn nnn een eee 587
Cyanocitta ultramarina, Sirckh—Plate UM, NE 2 ose seeceerccan as acne ee snces ace sem sseecaesescemcen scan 588
Psilormhinussmoris,.Gray—_blatera xe VU Iwo Sala ae emsloeon a aie ssine ee a ame om a aaa ease eae a ele eee ele 592
Columba flavirostris: Wagl.-—-Plate UX coin. «occas cmceecw once mc cee ec newweeccinensacas cesses cecccsccece 598
Ortyxitexanus, Zawr.— Plate LMM .c56 sccccec coscs ocdeecscescscccisceccccececscc ess le worsen cneecenne 472
Grusifraterculus:, ‘Cassn—BPlate: XexX VIS. Sock cc cca ccmemscamoecascceeaencmccceaccosecenececesemancens 656
Ardea, wurdemannils, Baid—Plate UR REC Vile cceasaessccce cae es eetices saccoccecae aceceecs socaneaccesceces 661
Ihoyiy even eerie: We ENS) 1EO.O.O100 LEE Be oe an Os SGC GOODS A CAS e aC bor one Soe eseono sects
Wectalitis MUVicSUs mOUsSsi7— late mks By ely 2a am atesicveine see leta ee lala aie tela = sla ietaate lore sella aiaialsiaisinieis iste ieee 695
Strensilasmmelanocep inal ave Viiqe—— bela Le VoL Moe taterter cet cetera ee later aller orale le loti are ea ae telecine re 702
Tuingarcoopert. Baal late WXeXexUXe at ene Sete ie re ona eae alae ree lee eeeia ee emieeain eee 716
Heteroscelus brevipes; Bard—Plate DX XVM eK cence cence cc ese eceseea se ceeoSces se eceneeeeecee was 734
Tryngitesirufescens, Cab —-Platée Vises. csasecsccssesscteesoons codscceccesscooedccsemoeeeccecesaccaces 739
Crexsprabensiss Bechst=— blates (MX Sex Keehn 2 epoca arelrors seleeia ee Hee eclen eels oe ae we eens em eeeeens aiecieie 751
Déndrocyenaautumnalisy “yton——blate Mxclie ie 2 aa. = Seeman e sense eee see aceeeeee eames Sees saecier ee 770
Wendrocysenatilvaeburm.-— late: Wixeh ing iow) see eee eee oteene oe eee eee oe oe ae aeenen ee eeeeee 770
Nettion crecca, Aaups— Plate XOl fg) bee ise coca cete sean esem alee scien ee ema one e seis scesmecieccscccls 771
Marecapenelope, Bonap:—Plate: SCI, fig, 2.022 c-2= 2 ccc cecemcaseccccn sms smans scence ccnisecesccssseccns 784
Erismatura dominica, Hyton—Plate XCH, fig. 1 male, fig. 2 female......-...---------.-------- eee eee 811
Graculils me xtCanusws ondpi— lle Lee Ci VEU cto eee aeeie ete eee eee ee eee ee eee ae anne See Seeaae eles 879
Graculus venicillatus, Bonvyp —Plate XI.---.------------ Se eae Oe ae eee See ie etme sees 880
Mialassi diomapmelanias 3071076 ba. te Ne IbXe fh Op 2 ease eee ee ere ay ee See eee = eee mci eee a 830
Chroicocephalusfranklimily Bruch—Plate XCM he 322. ceases esesacensocee se sec ee cee ceemcase ese S 851
Chroicocephalus cucullatus, Gruch—Plate SUL, fig. Vis-2 225.2 cece eee ee ses cn secweeeeens seco ssc cece 851
Sternarelévans, Gambel——Plate NOL Vise eee sem ame tee eee eaten meee See weet inicio nee ae eee eee eee 860
Sterna pikel;, Lawrence—Plate XOV 2.50 .cc cea sews come aocecesecescewcoccessccctesecesoesswccsccsee cece 863
Podiceys occidentalis’ Lawrence—-Plate X Xxay Wee ceea secs esses seaeaseeeeeasasceacescmaeseessssecces 894
Podiceps clarkily awrence— “Plate OC .oc se coseascccsiasecceas oasecueseagecetccasasceeeccometececees ace 895
Rodigeps calitormicus) Heermann——klate VIL youn? Saseenseasam eseenueoeseeeecseaceasecesceceseseasees O90
Podiceps;dominicus, att. —=Blate iC PX tie 1 = 2 ae eee eee al cee ea eecme eee ceceeeeren<seeens 897
Podilymibus podiceps: Lawrence—Plate 1X youn fae e see eee seer a eee emcees sa cise sissies ooo cmmian ac ema 898
Uniargry New Latham—--XCVis he 2. enccencsmasceee = cce ka canececseloscewcetsnceancketiccacscomeeeecees 911
UniatcolumbamCassin——PlateeNiCVil tifa eae aiee ance enema amcee saeiecieoss sicleas Son acacemceceeeaeeena 912

Utia.carbos Brandt=--Llateek CViUies ss ase 2 cies Soe eeeees Seema acters an muweees cae meee sneeee nee eeeeasee 913

IU) Sy lee detain Exp & Surveys

L

32°74 Parallel{West} Birds__ Plate]

Bowen &C° Lith & Col. Philada

hie Ny

1A re | RLM [TBS Wy ip val I Ws en in aR
ALCO FEMORALIS

US.PRRExp. & Surveys—— California

37)

LEO

ALEK GAN S-(Adult/

Birds Plate I] .

Bowen &C° Lith & Col. Philada

US KR. Exp & Surveys.

Cahfornia..

7

BUTEO BLE GANS-( Yung)

Bowen &C° Lith & Col. Philada

bene a a

US PRRExp. & Surveys — 324 (We :
urveys 2° Parallel. ( West.) Birds —— PlatelV.
a

1 PASSERCT ; Bowen &C° Lith.& Col. Philada
-PASSERCULUS ALAUDINUS. 2.PEUCGAEA CASSINII.

1
|

Uo RE xp. & Surveys —_—Cahfornia Birds

Plate. V7:

Bowen &C° Lith & Col. Plilada

MYIARCHUS MEXICANUS

U.SPRR Exp & Surveys———Cahfornia. Birds ——Plate V1

HAVIN GES: iO Ss Cin

Bowen & C° Lith. & Col. Philada

th

a

ixp. & Surveys —— California Birds = Plate V1

1E

J

Bowen & CY Lith. & Col. Philada

STREPSILAS MELANOCEPHALA.

U.S.P2 RR Exp. & Surveys _ California

Birds. Plate VIL.

PODICEPS

CALIFORNICUS.

Bowen & C° Lith. & Col. Philada.

a

U.S.P.R.R. Exp. & Surveys_California

LE oddJory)

wc

Bowen & C° Lith. & Col. Philada

PODYLIMBUS LINEATU

;

_—. 7? sai

U.S.P. R.R. Em. & Surveys__cCahforma Birds___ Plate X

PII P D>

Bowen & C°® Lith. & Col. Philada.

PHALACROCORAX PENICILLATUS

USPRRExp. & Surveys_47 th Parallel Birds__Plate XI

FALCOQ NIGRICEPS

ne

a

1p

C yth 718 ) } Rind « P) a |
U S PRR Exp & Surveys 38% SY 4h} Paral lels SANG Otte ees fi Late XT]

BUTEO . SWAINSONII.

7
7
:

Birds___ Plate XIII.

USPRRExp. & Surveys_38" 39" 41% Parallels

apart iy,

1 ati gM gay
ORO Mp

Le igiAns

Bowen &C° Lith. & Col. Philada

BUTEO SWAINSONITI.

US.PRRExp.& Surveys —___ 32% Parallel (Kast ) ___ Birds Plate X

—————-

Bowen &0° bith. & Col Pimlada
Buco” CALWIWS

OS a

ie SUrEOr FULUCINGSUS, 2. 3. OXY PTERUS.

RC eee ART 7 Damaltel Ripds Pp
& Survey 47 “Parallel Birds Plate XVI
=

| |

Rowen & C° Lith. & Col. Philada

BuUtEo COUPEEIE

U.S.P R.R Exp. & Surveys 38th. 39th 41st Parallels Sirds Plate XV]

Bowen &C° Lith.& Col. Philada

CHORDEILES HENRY!

Uepiaal

stige

47Parallel

Exp. & Surveys__[ 35 Parallel

1. PANYPTILA MELANOLEUC

\

)

Birds__ Plate XVIII

Bowen& C® Lith.& Col. Philada

CHAKTURA VAUNII

UC SHieaie mines

Exp. & Surveys— 35" Parallel

ATTHIS

COSTAE.

Birds__ Plate XIX.

pest |
Bowen & C® Lith.& Col. Philada

Bao. it. it.Exp, & Surveys__— 34" Parallel Birds Plate

Bowen &C° Lith.& Col. Philada

EI I ee
: ~ — si ll a
- 7 aie = <=

mes eo IR Iuxp & Surveys — 38% 3904 Al Parallels l3irds___ Plate XA]

Bowen & C° Lith & Col. Philada.

CORVUS CARNIVORUS

USPRREx. & Surveys—_3274¢ Parallel. (Hast) Birds ____ Plate XXI]

Bowen & C°® Lith & Col. Philada.

CORVUS CRYPTOLEUCUS.

.
-
- 7
: +
. -
F . x -
i ‘ J = = .
* - - =
. *
pce : =k Py
7 —— — —— rome ri ——_
= & a ater .

sirds late XXIII
USPRRExp.& Surveys ___47*PParallel Birds ____ Plate XA

+

Bowen &C° Lith.& Col. Philada

CORVUS AMERICANUS

USPRRExp.& Surveys—47" Parallel . Birds Plate XXI'

CORVUS CAURINUS

USPRR Exp & Surveys

SP OOM AT Parallels

r

PICA HUDSONICA

BIR

DS OF NORTH AMI]

ERICA.

L XXV]

PCA NUTTALL:

I CARPODACUS CASSINIL, 29.MELOSPIZA PALLAX.,

AT’ Parallel

DSPRR. Exp. & Surveys — 32"*Parallel (Hast) Birds —— Plate XXVIII

Bowen & C® Lith. & Col. Philada
1JUNCO DURSALIS. 2.PASSERCULUS SANDWICHE NSIS.

Birrds__ Plate XXIX

PIPILO MESOLEUCUS.

Bowen & C° Lith. & Col. Philada.

Wo RAR Exp. & Dulye ys.

Birds. Plate XX X

owen &C° Lith.& Col. Philada

—

We 2 ROR Exp: & Surveys. 3v*’ Parallel (Rast )

PYRANGA HEPATICA.

Birds. Plate X XXI.

‘Bowen & C° Lith. & Gol. Philada.:

Wet

AMERIC

/

Ou Seb Is)

NO

OF

BIRDS

BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA.
==

ko

lt)

Bowen & (0. lith. & col Philada

Te2OhOriiiyA PRUMB EA @. PSALTRIPARUS PLUMBEUS.
> SLtITA ACULEATA., 4. SITTA CAROLINENSIS.

Plate XXALV.

Ue Seek xp & Surveys — Cal. & Oregon Birds

| a Bowen & C° Lith. & Col. Philada

1. MELANERPES WILLIAMSONII. 2.ICTERIA LONGICAUDA.

BIRDS

AMERI¢

KXKV

VERY RAP ICUS

NW Gi AM lion

|

Mal

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_

Powen & C° Lith. & Col. Philada.

CENTURUS UROPYGIALIS.

U.S.P R.R.Exp. & Surveys__35® Farallel. Birds__Plate XXXVII

Rowen & Ce Lith.& Col. Philada.

GRUS FRATERCULUS.

,

U.S.PRR. Exp & Surveys — 47'*Parallel

asus

KX VU

OTC Hess

OCCIDENTALDS.

a.

UNITED STATES

& MEXICAN

BOUNDARY

yi

Nea

Kia oe
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ao

est gOS

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& MEXICAN

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BOUNDARY

Lith. et

col

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4

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BOUNDARY

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TD Ts

|. Male
Mate

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BIRDS

ip

UNITED STATES & MEXICAN BOUNDARY.

CHORD: 1 EE Ss

EE OCEN orl oe

UNITED STATIS & MEXICAN BOUNDARY.

BIRDS le

VII

CRY AMERICANA ..2 Adult. 2. Younes

“

BIRDS. Pl. VILL

| MOMGMUS CORRULEICOE P'S.

WINDTED

STATES & MEXICAN

5

BOUNDARY

PACHYRHAMPHUS

liith et

sOt

Joowel

»,

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Philada

Female

Female

BIRDS

UNITED

‘

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BOUNDARY.

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UNITED

STATES & MEXICAN

1

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BOUNDARY

BIRDS

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3. EKEMPIDONAX OBSCURUS.

a ice
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mnie Nal REN)

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UNITED STAVES & MEXIGAN BOUNDARY BIRDS enn

i
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\ inth et ool. Bowen & Go. Philada

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& MEXICAN BOUNDARY

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is

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UNITED

OUNCE) SWISS -

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on

UNITED STATES & MEXICAN BOUNDARY

I.LOPHOPHANES WOLLWEBERI

a)

e

4

ABRGITHALUS

MiELANO

mI;C
Ln

UNITED STATES 8& MEXICAN BOUNDARY

CHRYSOMITRIS

Ou

MEXICANUS_ 2. SPERMOPHILA MORELE'
SPE RMOPHILA MORELETII (Female )

BIRDS

P

BOUNDARY

XICAN

’
4

& ME

D
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pines
emia

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& MEXICAN BOUNDARY

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Male es

Bowen & Co

Philada

BIRDS

UNITED STATES & MEXICAN

BOUNDARY

ISORUM

mo lO TERS

BIRDS

WAGLE RI,

S

JINITED) STATES & MEXICAN BOUNDARY

UNITED STATES & MEXICAN BOUNDARY

BIRDS Fl

XX

UNITED

|

STATES & MIUXICAN

CYANOCITTA SORDIDA._2.¢

Vee

ROUNDARY

CYANO CITTIASULTRAT

BIR

S

WENT ESOS Saka bis

&

MIENIGAN

BOUNDARY

Lith. et

col

AY |

Bowen &

1

t

Ae tr Pai

UNITED STATES & MEXICAN BOUNDARY.

rel ox

A

XANUS.

BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA

lI. DENDROCYGNA FUIVA oe, 2. AUTUMMNALIS

,
_
«

BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA PL LX

|
i
|
\|
|
\
ASTURINA NITIDA. 1. Adult. 2. Young

Lith.et col. Bowen & Co Philad

BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA

ROGERHAMUS SOGIABIM G1

Lith et col. Bowen & Co.Philad

Adult. 2. Young

BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA Pl LAV
= ees

Bowen & Co. Lith & col. Philade

STRNIUM OCCIDE IN TALE.

BIRDS

—— Seo - oe =
Dasa : ae — ee
= _—
= eee = ee eee
- = =a ~ eee
: _ ra
oe gence RT =

/ aa or aaa a \
if ee 7 a
(

Le CO RV US: CE LORI DAN Wi eG ai ee

.

Pl. LXVII

| BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA

| I. PSILORHINUS MORIO. 1 Male. 2. Variety with yellow bill

Tah Cal Bowen GCs. Phdad

| BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA .

} =

i

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l. ZONOTRICHTA GAMBELII. 2. Z. LEUCOPHRYS: 3. PASSERELLA SCHISTACEA. 4. P. MEGARHYNCHUS.

|
|

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‘

BIRDS

OF

NORTH

AMERICA .

I MELOSPIZA

HEERMANN]

co)

M

GOULDI

BIRDS OF

NORTH AMERICA

AMMODRUMUS

SAM NPI Coalieatiat,

ce

HUPHONIA

MLEGANTISSIMA,

BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA.

CARPODACUS

CALIP ORINICUS,

Male

5

Bowen. & Co. hth.&e col. Philada

a ]
LCM iel).€

BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA

PIPILO

MEGALON YX.

& Co lith.& co

BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA

), DERUCe

og Al GaRy

Ane LOU

PLE CGT ROPHAN

y
\

OF NORTH AMERICA .

Pie ZN

/

COLLYRIO ELEGANS.

c. C. EXCUBITOROIDE

&

Bowen &Co lith & col Philada

7
a

BIRDS OF NORTH. AMERICA PL. LXXVI

Bowen & Co. hth.& col. Philada

| EMPIDONAX HAMMONDII. 2. E. DIFFICILIS

|

NORTH AME

SETQOPHAGA MINIATA. 2. S. PICTA

BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA. PL. LXAVIITI.

Bowen & Co. lith.& col Philada

[VIREO —GASSINIL 2. Vv HUTTON. SV. PHILADELPHICUS

¢ ° re Tor
i om 7
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: 7a
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BIRDS OF NORTH

AMERICA

I BHEEM INTO PTA

San CU VALYPIS

PHILADELPHIA.

SA VIRGINIAE.

()

A.

a.

OUP IONRVG RUNES: MANGALIRIES).

CG

MACGILLIV RAY.

BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA.

2 O.O78

|

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NOVE BORAGE NOLS.

Ge Oe

Bowen

Ou Oy UC GANGS:

. & Co lith. & col. Philada

BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA. Pl XX AL

Bowen & Co. lith.& col, Philada

(PUR DUS Us TULATUS 2. aA bhlA.

_
a

BIRDS

OF

NORTH

AMERICA.

bi

LAXAXIL.

|

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TOXOSTOMA CRISSALI

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mG

Bowen & Co

Lith & col. Philada

a SS ee a a
a — = a Oo

BIRDS OF

NORTH

AMERICA

LXXXIII

=

AMel R | U LEO RU S

BERLANDIERI,

CERTHIOLA

CA

CERTHIA

PLAVEOLA

MEXICANA

BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA . PL. LXXXIV.

a ——— ee ——

Z ae :
Bowen && Co. lit & col. Philada

l CROTOPHAGA RUGIROSTRA. 2. C. ANT.

,

TCA,

\

R
i

ME

EA

BIRDS OF NOR

Female

Vv

a

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I

(

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RTH AMERICA.

3

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——— SS
Se

5
a aeaeiahtliielited

at

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=

BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA. Pe 1a eV

Bowen & Co lith. & col. Philada

PETE ROS CETUS. Bak VIPER.

BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA. Rigi
a

Bowen & Co. lith,& col Philade

aR GAS COCR es eee aoa, Nolo

BIRDS

OF NORTH AMERICA

AEGIALITIS

NIVOSA.1.Male, 2. Female

Bowen & Co. dith % col. Philada

ny
=

BUR DS OF

NORTH

AMERICA .

1S pAlh ARO aN

Geen ACaCe Ag a. MARE CA Py

SNE ONE teh

Lath. et col. Bowen & Co. Phlad.

PL XCT.

a © a Se = - a

| BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA

ERISMATURA D OMINICA. 1. Male.

Lith et col. Bowen & Co. Philad.

fo}
a

Female.

OF N

O

RTH AMERICA

IC HROLCOC#

PHALUs

5!
wv)

UCULLATUS

“Bove Pao lith: & col Philada.

2. C. FRANKLINII,

BIRDS OF NORTH AMI

masa keys

PL. XACIV.

STERNA ELEGANS

Bowen & Co. lth & col. Philada

Pee Gy.

BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA.

Bowen & Co. lith.& col. Philada.

SE ANS et

BIRDS

OF

NORTH

AMERICA

il,

URIA

COLUMBA.

a.

Gin Y Li.

Bowen & Co

lith & cal. Philada

AMERICA.

Somer ane

BIRDS

OF NORTH AMI]

DRE Gyan.

PY. XCVIT

CARA GIO wis Mt

[ath et col. Bowen & C

AXICANUS.

o Philad

BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA . ie CNIS

°
@
2
|
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Bowen & C

I, PODICEPS DOMINICUS, 2. THALASSIDROMA MELANTA

BIR]

DS OF NORTH AMI]

SURMLIC a

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CLARKIL.

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a)
Philada

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ag
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ore
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