Bulletin No. 270 Series B, Descriptive Geology, 73
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY;
CHARLES D. WALCOTT, DlRECTOB
THE
CONFIGURATION OF THE
ROCK FLOOR OF
GREATER NEW YORK
BY
WILLIAM HERBERT HOBBS
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1905
Bulletin No. 270 Series B, Descriptive Geology, 73
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
CHARLES D. WALCOTT. Director
THE
CONFIGURATION OF THE
ROCK FLOOR OF
GREATER NEW YORK
BY
WILLIAM HERBERT HOBBS
rnlleae Library
>rnment ru
■"»VC1
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
19 0 5
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in 2013
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CONTENTS.
Page.
Letter of Transmittal 7
Part I. — Structural Studies 9
Introduction _ 9
Aids to geological studies on Manhattan Island 9
Engineering enterprises that have pierced the rock floor 10
Review of structural geological studies of the New York City area 12
Boroughs of Manhattan and the Bronx '_ L2
Gale 12
Mather 12
Cozzens 12
Stevens 12
Credner 13
Newberry 13
Dana 14
Russell , 14
Kemp 14
Merrill 15
Eckel 16
Gratacap 16
Julien . 17
Peet 19
Hobbs L9
Area west of the Hudson 19
Comment 20
Scope of the present study 20
Form of the rock pedestal of Manhattan 21
Exposed portion of the rock basement 21
Covered portion of the basement 22
Transverse sections of the island 25
Longitudinal sections of the island 26
Along Broadway from the Battery to 33d street 26
Along Lenox and Westchester avenues from 96th street to Mel-
rose avenue
Along Broadway and Eleventh avenue between 72d and Dyck-
man streets
2!)
Part II.— Borings Made in New York and Vicinity
Borings beneath channels on water front
East River front
Dock and bulkhead lines
Miscellaneous -
3
4 CONTENTS.
Part II.— Boeings Made in New York and Vicinity— Continued. P**se.
Borings b< neath channels on water front — Continued.
East River sections : 32
East Ri^er Gas Company's tunnel 32
Bridges Nos. 2, 3, and 4 . 32
East River reefs . 34
Center line of 42d street ( produced ) . . 34
Pennsylvania Railroad tunnel 34
New York-Brooklyn tunnel of rapid transit commission 35
Hudson River front 36
Dock, bulkhead, and pier lines 36
.Miscellaneous 38
HikIsi.d River sections 40
Reef one-fourth- mile from pier A 40
Bedloe Island 40
McAdoo tunnel 40
Pennsylvania, New York and Long Island Railroad tunnel 40
Proposed 1 >ridge at 59th street 41
Harlem River front and sections 41
Spuyten Duyvil Bridge 41
Dock line 41
Washington and High bridges 42
New aqueduct 42
Macomb's dam, Central Bridge 43
Line 400 feet east of Central Bridge 43
New York Central and 145th street bridges 4.">
Rapid-transil tunnel 43
Madison, Park, Third, Second, and Willis avenue bridges 44
Borings in the Borough of Manhattan 44
Line of subway 44
On or near Broadway 44
On Lexington avenue, 110th street, and 34th street 45
Profile along Broadway 49
Foundations of tall buildings 51
Lines of 31st, 32d, 33d, and 34th streets 55
Along Fourth avenue -. 58
Riverside Park extension 59
Riverside and Manhattan viaducts and Tenth avenue 66
Records from miscellaneous sources 67
Borings in the outlying boroughs and in other Idealities near New York.. 83
Borough of Brooklyn 83
Borough of Queens 86
Borough of the Bronx 87
Adjacent points in New Jersey and elsewhere 89
Index 95
ILLUSTRATIONS
Page
Plate. I. Map of the southern portion of Manhattan Island, with portions of
the Long Island and New Jersey shores, showing the configuration
of the rock floor 20
II. Map of northern and eastern portions of Manhattan Island, showing
the configuration of the rock floor 22
III. Sketch map of Manhattan Island, showing the location of some of the
river sections 24
IV. Series of profiles across the Harlem River, showing the position and
configuration of the rock surface 26
V. Section of the rock basement of Manhattan along the line of Broad-
way from the Battery to 33d street 28
Fio. 1. Rock surface beneath the new Stock Exchange building, between New
and Broad streets 11
2. Sketch map of Manhattan Island (after Kemp) 15
3. Sketch map of Manhattan Island, showing location of special transverse
and longitudinal sections 24
4. Transverse sections across Manhattan Island between 31st and 34th
streets 25
5. Section along Lenox and Westchester avenues from 96th street, Man-
hattan, to Melrose avenue, Bronx 28
6. Section along Broadway and Eleventh avenue from 72d street to Dyck-
man street 28
5
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
Department of the Interior,
United States Geological Survey,
Washington, D. C., February 1^ 1905.
Sir: I transmit herewith the manuscript of a report on "The Con-
figuration of the Rock Floor of Greater New York," by William H.
Hobbs, and recommend its publication as a bulletin.
The report contains a large amount of geological information of the
highest importance to engineers engaged in construction work in New
York involving excavations for foundations and other purposes. The
facts are presented by both verbal and graphic means in such a man-
ner as to be most useful to the engineer, and at the same time to be
highly suggestive and valuable to the student of geology.
Very respectfully,
C. W. Hayes,
Geologist hi ( 'harge of Geology.
Hon. Charles D. Walcott,
Director United States Geological Survey.
CONFIGURATION OF THE ROCK FIOOR OF GREATER
NEW YORK.
By William H. Hobbs.
PART I. -STRUCTURAL STUDIES.
INTRODUCTION.
AIDS TO GEOLOGICAL STUDIES ON MANHATTAN ISLAND.
Accurate maps. — The early importance of Manhattan Island in com-
mercial and economic lines and its entry upon great engineering enter-
prises which require a penetration of the rock floor have greatly
facilitated the work of the structural geologist within the area. As
early as 1821 the city was laid out, and the gridiron of numbered
streets and avenues has not only been responsible for a precision and
accuracy of the early maps, rarely obtainable elsewhere, but has given
to even casual geological observations unusual value. KandalFs map
of the island, submitted in sections between the years 1811 and 1821,
now preserved in the office of the commissioner of public works, gives
the precise locations of all the old farms in relation to watercourses
and topography. It comprises four volumes of 92 sheets of map, size
25 by 37 inches, on scale of 100 feet to the inch. General Viele's map,
on the scale of 1,000 feet to the inch, was published in 1*74," and is
based upon Randall's map. It shows the original shore line of the
island, the mainland, the drainage system, the topography, and the
location of each exposure south of Manhattanville, all superimposed
upon the gridiron of streets and avenues. The accuracy of this ma})
has been abundantly attested by engineers, real estate men, and others,
who habitually use it, and, so far as the exposures of rock are con-
cerned, it has been tested by the writer, both by comparison with the
early reports of geologists upon Manhattan Island and by examination
in the field.
Sections along the cross streets of the city were early made to estab-
lish the grade, and many of the engineers made careful note in theii
aViele, Egbert L., Topographic Atlas of the City of New York. 1874.
10 -ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK. [bull. 270.
sections of the surface exposures of rock. These series of sections tire
on file in the office of the commissioner of public works. The New York
City folio " has supplied detailed topographic, geological, and surficial
geological maps of the area in this vicinity.
ENGINEERING ENTERPRISES WHICH HAVE PIERCED THE ROCK
FLOOR.
It is safe to say that at no time in the earth's history has there been
such a focus for engineering enterprises as is now to be found within
the 50 or more square miles included upon Manhattan Island and its
water fronts — enterprises which are estimated to cost several hundred
millions of dollars. The subway and the tunnels of the rapid transit
commission; the East River bridges, Nos. 2, 3, and 4; the proposed
tunnels of the Pennsylvania, New York and Long Island Railroad
Company from Weehawken, beneath the island, to Long Island City,
with the extensions of the system in Brooklyn and the Bronx, includ-
ing the projected bridge from Long Island City to the Bronx across
Wards and Randall islands; and the United States Government's dredg-
ing of the Buttermilk and Ambrose channels and of the Man-o'-War
and Diamond reefs are some of the larger of these enterprises. While
these vastly outweigh in importance all engineering undertakings
that have previously been carried out within the area, the earlier Gov-
ernment work in improving the channel at Hell Gate by removing
Flood and Mill rocks still ranks as an engineering enterprise among
the first of its kind in the world. The Brooklyn Bridge, the Croton
and the new New York aqueducts, Dyckman's cut in the ship canal at
Kingsbridge, the Easl River Gas Company's tunnel from Manhattan
t > Long Island City beneath Blackwells Island, the Jersey City-New
York tunnel beneath the Hudson River, and the many bridges which
now span the Harlem River must all be included in the great engineer-
ing undertakings which have facilitated the work of the geologist
within the New York City area. These enterprises have together fur-
nished more than 35 sections across the rivers forming the water front
of the island, many of them revealing the nature of the subjacent rock,
and not a few giving nearly complete sections across it.
The present is, then, an especially favorable time to study the geo-
logical structure of Greater New York, and it is perhaps nowhere else
so important that observations be made and recorded at once lest the
opportunity be forever lost. Not only do the great engineering under-
takings above referred to make the present an especially favorable
time for study, but the enormous increase in the value of real estate
upon Manhattan Island i> resulting in a paring down of all rock
a Geologic Atlas U. S.„ folio 83, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1902.
HOBBS.]
ENGINEERING ENTERPRISES.
11
masses which project above the general level in order to mak<
for business blocks and apartment houses. The majority of the ro<
exposures described by Dana and other early observers are now no
longer to be seen, and those still uncovered by blocks and pavements
New St.
Broad St.
Fig. 1.— Rock surface beneath new Stock Exchange building, between New and Broad streets.
Contour interval, 1 foot.
will in a very few years have disappeared from view. That a like
irregularity of surface characterizes the covered portions of the base-
ment at the south end of the island is amply demonstrated by recent
excavations (see, for example, fig\ 1).
12 ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK. [bull.270.
REVIEW OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THE NEW
YORK CITY AREA.
330ROUGHS OF MANHATTAN AND THE BRONX.
Gale. — The earliest geological work of importance treating of the
geology of New York Island is a paper by Dr. L. D. Gale, dated 1839.
As quoted by R. P. Stevens, Gale" describes the geological topography
of the island as a " group of ' gncdssoid islands separated from each other
by low levels slightly elevated above tide and filled with drift and allu-
vium." It would be difficult even now to express better the peculiar-
ities of the relief of the island.
Gale's geological report, published in Mather's volume, on the
Geology of the First District* is a careful description of outcrops
examined along longitudinal sections of the island, corresponding in
position with the principal avenues. This descriptive matter has much
value as a record of exposures, many of which have since been pared
away in grading the city. He says in resume:
The general direction of the strata is N. 25° E. to N. 35° E. and corresponds with
the direction of the avenues; and the dip, though generally to the west, averages
within 10° of the vertical.
Math. i'. Mather's report contains a geological map of Manhattan
Island and in addition to the valuable section by Gale, above referred
to, includes an important table giving a large number of dips and
strikes, and a table of joint directions as well. c
Cozzens. — Isaachar Cozzens published in 1st:; a little volume on the
Geology of Manhattan Island'7 which is chiefly valuable as a record of
the character of exposures which are no longer accessible for study.
Stevens. — In 18G5 appeared a valuable paper by Mr. R. P. Stevens,
of the New York Lyceum of Natural History, in which paper the
rock composition and the structure of the island were much more fully
discussed than at any previous time/' The peculiar topographic 'devel-
opment of the island was accounted for in part by folding, but more
largely by faulting. His diagonal section across the northern end of
the island shows five transverse folds in the gneiss and underlying
limestone. The western and the eastern anticlines of the series he
supposed brought up the limestone in the beds of Hudson and East
rivers, respectively, thus accounting in part for the formation of
these channels. He supposed another anticline to follow the gorge of
the Harlem between Washington and Ford ham heights. The remain-
ing two anticlines of his series he based upon the occurrences of lime-
aStevens, R. P., Hist. Geol. New York Island: Annals Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 8, L865, pp.
108-120.
bMather, Win. W., Geol. New York. pi. 1. 1843, pp. 581 604.
cldem, pp. 605-625.
dCozzens, Isaachar, Geol. New York, 1843, pp. l-n ), pis. I '.».
hobbs.] STRUCTURAL GEOLOGICAL STUDIES.
stone on 132d street, between Fifth and Sixth avenues, and on 1
street, between Third and Fourth avenues. The " islands of gn<
upon the island, which Gale so well describes, Stevens accounted foi
by a network of longitudinal and transverse fractures, of which seven
transverse fractures are mentioned, including one which separates
the island from Westchester County, and five longitudinal ones. The
three large longitudinal fractures follow the gorges of Hudson, Har-
lem (between Washington and Fordham heights), and East rivers. The
more important of the cross faults were located along Spuyten Duyvil
Creek, through the gorge at Tubby Hook, and through the Manhat-
tanville valley. He says:
Our rocks are a portion of the mainland in Westchester County, from which we
are cut off by a profound fault, a cross fracture in part, originally narrow, but widened
by the abrading power of water and ice, gravel and bowlders, and, in part, by rup-
ture of the strata longitudinally, with subsequent abrasion.
Beginning on the North River, at Spuyten Duyvil Bridge, the first cross fracture
extends SSE. 1,500 feet; then commences a longitudinal fracture, extending to Tubby
Hook, the Spuyten Duyvil Creek flowing in it for 2,000 feet. Another cross fracture
then commences, extending to the Harlem River, in which the creek flows 1,000
feet, then it enters another longitudinal fracture, in which it flows NNE. 4,000 feet,
where it meets with another cross fracture for 2,000 feet. Thence a longitudinal
fracture extends as far southward as McComb's dam and bridge, running parallel
with the North River; thence the fracture slightly inclines southeastward to Hurl-
gate, on the East River.
At Tubby Hook there is another cross fracture, extending from the North River
into the second longitudinal one. At Manhattanville there is another, reaching
across the entire island.
Between the islands in the East River and the New York Island there is a longi-
tudinal fracture through limestone and gneiss, extending from the mainland as far
south as Avenue A. South of this point we infer a continuation of it to the southern
extremity of the island. A similar longitudinal fracture begins at Dobbs Ferry and
Hastings, through the same rocks as the eastern, and extends the whole length of
the island, forming the channel of the North River, separating it from New Jersey.
Stevens was the first to recognize clearly the prevailing southerly
pitch of the rocks throughout the island as well as in the area of the
Bronx. a
Credner. — A paper by Credner, published in 1865/' adds little to
what was alread}^ known of the structural geology of the island.
Newberry. — A very graphic picture of the later phases in the physio-
graphic development of New York Island was given by Newberry in
1878/
The elevation of the land in Tertiary times, followed by the .sharp
incision of the valleys, the subsequent submergence and flooding of
these valleys, the abrasion and tilling accomplished in the Glacial
a Stevens, R. P., Hist. Geol. New York Island: Annals Nat. Hist, New York, vol. 8, 1865, |>. L19.
bCredner, Hermann, Geognostische Skizze der Umgegend von New York: Zeitschr. Deutsch.
Gesell., Berlin, vol. 17, 1865, p. 390.
c Newberry, J. S., Geol. hist. New York island and harbor: Pop. Sci. Monthly, vol. 13, 1878, pp.
641-660.
14 EOCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK. [bull. 270.
epoch, and the local scouring out of channels during Champlain time,
were all well brought out in this paper. Newberry regarded East
River as the last reach of Housatonic River of Connecticut before
discharging into the Hudson, which was then carrying the waters from
the Laurentian system of lakes/'
Dana.— h\ an excellent paper on the Geology of Northern Man-
hattan and the Bronx,6 J. D. Dana printed a geological map cover-
ing the areas of the present boroughs of Manhattan and the Bronx
north of Central Park, on a scale of 2 inches to the mile. This
map. by reason of the numerous dip and strike symbols entered upon
it, is pract ically an outcrop map. The position and the attitudes of the
rock masses upon the island Dana accounted for through a system of
folds which strike with the avenues. His sections show three synclines
and two intervening anticlines between Tnwood on the northwest
and East River upon the east. The gorge at Manliattanville, which
crosses the direction of tin' strike. Dana thought "probably had its
initiation in an oblique wrenching and faulting of the rocks." He
noted the offset between the gneiss upland which lies north of the
Manhattanville valley and that to the south. Referring in his resume
to the fundamental features of New York Island, he says:
Finally, we may conclude that the predeterminations of the fundamental features
of New York [sland date back to the era of the Lower Silurian, and to the epoch of
mountain making at its close. No other rocks that now remain have been added by
subsequent geological operations excepting the loose or unconsolidated material of
the surface. Fissures and faults may have occurred through subterranean move-
ments, hut the work of separating its ledges has gone forward chiefly by the action
of the sun, atmosphere, ocean, rivers, and ice. and the present condition, barring
human encroachments, is the final result.
Russell. — In his paper on the Geology of Hudson County, N. J.,c
Russell has furnished many important data from borings upon Man-
hattan Island, which reveal both the depth of rock from the surface
and the nature of the rock encountered.
Kemp. — In a paper published in L887 Kemp d gives a general sum-
mary of the rock distribution upon Manhattan Island and adopts
Dana's view of the structure. Reviewing the sections of Stevens, he
objects to the four or live synclines suggested. He argues:
But this docs not seem to me to be warranted by the facts. If the original stratum
has been doubled up so many times, it could only have been very thin when hori-
zontal. It docs not seem reasonable that so broadly extended and so thin
a stratum could by any possible convulsion be doubled up together so as to give
these results. The synclinal mapped seems beyond dispute; as for dividing up the
strata each side of it, 1 do not feel justified in doing it.
a Newberry, J. S., Techn. Quart., vol. 13,1900, p. 121; als... Bull. Geol. Soc. America, vol. L3, L901,p.24.
fcDana, J. 1).. Geological relations of the limestone belts <>f Westchester County and northern New-
York Island: Am. Jour. Sci., vol.21, 1881, pp. 125 143, and vol.22, L881, pp.313 315.
'•Russell. LC, Geology of Hudson County, N.J.: Annals New Vorl< Acad. Sci., vol. 2. L882, pp. 66 79.
'/Kemp, J. P., Geology of Manhattan [sland: Iran-. New York Acad. Sci., vol. 7. L887, pp. 19 65.
HOBBS.]
STRUCTURAL GEOLOGICAL STUDIES.
15
theory of the origin of the Manhattanville val-
Drift
Referring to Dana
ley, he says:
Professor Dana has noted
evidence tending to show that
the Manhattanville depression
is due to an oblique wrenching
and faulting of the rocks, and
it is possible that the same
movement may have caused
the breaks at Inwood and
Spuyten Duyvil.
The paper contains a
geological map which has
the excellent but un-
usual peculiarity that the
larger drift-covered
areas are represented.
In the alluvial flats of
Harlem three parallel
tongues of limestone or
dolomite are represented
trending with the ave-
nues and extending from
Harlem River southward
for distances averaging 1
mile. (See fig. 2.)
Merrill.— Dr. F. J. H.
Merrill, recently the
State geologist of New
York, has published a
number of brief notes"
on the geology of New
York Island, and re-
cently a more extended
report in the New York
City folio. * He follows
Dana in believing the
structure of the island
to be conditioned largely
as a result of a system
of longitudinal and transverse flexures, the trend of the former being
in the general direction of the long axis of the island or of its avenues.
a Merrill, F. J. H., (1) Metamorphic strata of southeastern New York: Am. Jour. Sci., 3d ser., vol.
39, 1890, pp. 383-392. (2) New York State Museum, 1896. (3) Geology of Greater New York: Trans.
New York Acad. Sci., vol. 16, 1897, p. 371. (4) Note on the colored clays recently exposed in rail-
road cuttings near Morrisania, N. Y.: Trans. New York Acad. Sci., vol. 9, 1889, pp. 45-46.
b Geologic Atlas U. S., folio 83, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1902, pp. 3-5.
Fig. 2.— Sketch map of Manhattan Island. (After Kemp.
16 ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK. [bull. 270.
His map has entered upon it also the cross faults located by Dana at
Manhattanville, an additional parallel fault south of Hell Gate, and a
third between Randall Island and the Bronx. He distinguishes two
divisions of the gneiss, the lower or Fordham gneiss of pre-Cambrian
age, typically represented in Fordham Heights; the upper Hudson
schist of Silurian age said to be typically represented in Washington
Heights. Above the lower gneiss formation is a quartzite (Pough-
quag quartzite) of Cambrian age. which in the area here considered
is exposed at but two localities, viz. on the eastern shore of the Harlem
p-oiw near Morris dock, and three-fourths of a mile farther to the east
in the town of Tremont. Above the quartzite and immediately below
the Hudson schist is the limestone formation (Stockbridge limestone)
of Cambro- Silurian age. 'This formation is largely developed at ( Jlare-
mont, Melrose, and Mott Haven, within the Bronx area; in numerous
exposures in the vicinity of Inwood and Kingsbridge; and it was for-
merly to be found also at several localities near the northeast end of
theBoroughof Manhattan. (PI. II.) Merrill believes the low allu-
vial flats of Harlem have been eroded in limestone, and draws his
boundaries to correspond with this view. It is likewise assumed that
a limestone belt crosses the western end of Randall Island, and that
two parallel belts cross Wards Island in a north-northeast direction.
The main river channels about the island he regards as underlain
throughout by limestone and formed in consequence of this fact.
Eckel. — In a brief paper published in 1899, Eckel" announces the
classification of the rocks of southeastern New York, as held by Dr.
C. R. Van Hise and Dr. F. J. H. Merrill, to be as follows:
Ordovician:
1. Manhattan schist — mica schist, containing garnet, fibrolite, kyanite, ami
staurolite. Hudson River age.
2. Inwood limestone— crystalline dolomite, containing diopside and tremolite.
Calciferous-Trenton age.
Cambrian:
1. Lowerre quartzite.
Pre-Cambrian:
1. Fordham gneiss. Algonkian?
2. Granites and gneisses. Arvliean'.'
At a time beginning not later than the Upper Silurian, and possibly continuing at
intervals to the end of the Paleozoic, these strata were thrown into parallel folds
having a general northeasterly trend. Transverse folding has resulted in a general
gentle pitch to the southwest, and overthrown folds are common, i F. .1. II. Merrill ).
Of the formations mentioned above, the Manhattan schist and Inwood limestone
form the surface or subsurface strata over the greater pari of Manhattan Island,
though at one place a small extent of the Fordham gneiss is exposed.
Gratacap. -In a popular treatise on Greater New York/' Grata-
cap has brought together the work of many observers and added
"ivkH. E. C, Intrusivea in the [nwood limestone of Manhattan [sland: Am. Geol., vol. 23, 1899,
pp. 122-124, pi. ::.
bGratacap, I- P., Geology of the City of Greater New York, I902,pp.l v. (Privately published.)
hobbs.] STRUCTURAL GEOLOGICAL STUDIES. 17
observations of his own respecting the topography and geology of the
island. He appears to favor the view that the present configuration
of the island has been brought about in part as a result of folding and
in part by faulting. On page 36, he says:
At the extreme western end of the Spuyten Duyvil Creek the opening of the
Hudson suggests a crack, fault, or fissure; but east of this, at the cut of the railroad,
the line of the creek seems to mark the delimitation of the limestone on the south
from the gneiss on the north, and the creek has its bed in limestone, as the streams
generally do in Westchester County (Dana). This limestone underlies the
Harlem River and is produced in long prolongations underneath Fourth and Fifth
avenues (at 132d street), and also under Eighth avenue, interrupted by gneiss,
which appears to hold it in synclinal troughs.
Gratacap apparently accepts the views of Dana regarding the fault
at Manhattanville, and infers similar faults at Inwood (Tubby Hook)
and along Spuyten Duyvil Creek. Stevens's assumption, and that of
Dana and Merrill, that the Hudson has cut a deep gorge in a rock
hypothetically considered as limestone, he considers an unlikely suppo-
sition (p. 39). The' course of the Harlem River below 155th street he
thinks probably is in a shortened synclinal trough (p. 40)."
Julien. — As a result of a careful and thorough investigation of the
dikes of basic igneous rock occurring on Manhattan Island, New
York, Julien'' has produced a map which gives the orientation of the
intrusions of basic- rock upon the island. The great majority of
these strike practically parallel to the avenues or parallel to the Hud-
son River shore, as will be clearly shown by inspection of his map.
He says (p. 429):
A linear arrangement of many exposures along the strike is apparent, but these
were in most cases found to be interrupted without connection in the interspaces.
As to indications of structure displayed by these diorites and horn-
blende schists, Julien says that they testify at once to both extreme
plasticity and extreme rigidity in comparison with the inclosing gneiss
(pp. 430-482):
First: Plication and corrugation of layers. The evidence of extreme plasticity in
this rock during the general folding and kneading to which the strata of the island
have been subjected is very markedly and frequently shown, not only by numerous
folds with zigzag crumpling and distortion of the beds, but by corrugation of the
layers even down to fine laminae.
Second: Fracture and faulting. Evidence of extreme rigidity and brittlenesa are
often also shown in the same beds in which corrugation and crumpling are promi-
nent. These are crossed often abundantly by seams or veins of gray or white quartz,
or of pegmatitic material, which run usually parallel to each other and at right
angles to the foliation of the schist. * * * Such fractures plainly testily that the
hornblendic beds have lain as rigid masses during the movements of the inclosin
gneiss and have yielded only by rupture along the cross planes.
a Descriptions ot special outcrops are given by Heinnch Ries in Trans. New York Acad. Sci., vol.
10, 1891, pp. 113-114.
''Julien, Alexis A.. Genesis of the amphibole schists and serpentines of Manhattan Island: Bull.
Geol. Soc. America, vol. 14, 1903, pp. 421-494, pis 60-63.
Bull. 270—05 2
18 ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK. [bull. 270.
An excellent example still remains open to examination on the west side of
St. Nicholas avenue, about West One hundred and thirty-eighth street. * * *
One such fault vein, 2 feet wide, is rilled by a friction breccia made up of angular
fragments of the rock inclosed in brownish-white quartz (fig. 1), the walls of the
fracture lined by hackly projections of the torn rock along both sides, as if they had
been wrenched apart and rubbed together.
At other localities, as, for example, at the huge pit on Spuyten Duyvil Creek, por-
tions of the hornblendic rock are traversed by innumerable veinlets of quart? or
pegmatite, indicating a shattered and even brecciated mass.
Julien shows that the hydrated rock masses are in all probability
altered basic igneous intrusions, the theory of alteration from impure
Limestones and thai of metamorphism of ferruginous sediments being
fully stated and rejected. Concerning the stages of metamorphism of
the district, he says (pp. liM 425):
The first was concerned in the early consolidation of the sediments, followed pro-
gressively by their crystalline alteration, with development of certain new minerals—
biotite, albite, and staurolite.
Then ensued the general impregnation of all the layers with pegmatitic material.
\"e\i came the intrusion of a series of pegmatite dikes, cutting each other in suc-
cession, and all, so far a- yet known, intersecting the pegmatite lenses of the preceding
generation. With these orogenic movements seem to have been connected, with
extensive folding, crumpling, ami faulting of all the beds of gneiss, schist, and lime-
stone, and a further increase of crystalline structure,. development from micas and
feldspars of another group of minerals requiring a condition of high temperature,
such as muscovite, sillimanite, fibrolite, cyanite, and tourmaline.
Finally, down to the present period, ensued the oxidization, hydration, and par-
tial leeching of the less considerable constituents of the schist by meteoric waters,
with partial decomposition, etc.
In regard to the mode of occurrence of the amphibole-sehists, this
author says:
These occur interpolated among all the gneisses of the island, and though often
found in proximity to the limestone are never inclosed by it nor in contact with it.
He further says:
These schists have been observed only in the northern part of the island, the
greater part of whose surface, shown on the map, is occupied by buried gneisses in
beds tilted up almost everywhere at very high angles, with a general strike of N.
28° E.
In another contribution, referring to , the pegmatites of the island
of Manhattan, Julien" shows that these exist in at least two series, of
which the oldest is the more extensively intercalated among the folia-
tion seams and is coincident with the strike. The later series, on the
other hand, cuts the schist in various directions and inclinations. He
adds:
Some of the most prominent features are the results of pressure upon the original
veins through orogenic movements of the stratum of schists, viz, fissuring, faulting,
crushing, etc.
ojulien, A. A., Nods on the origin of the pegmatfties, Manhattan Island: Sci< nee, n.ser., vol,
1900, pp. 1006-1007.
hobbs.] STRUCTURAL GEOLOGICAL STUDIES.
Peet.— In a recent extended report on the Glacial and post-Glacial
history of the Hudson Valley, Peet" favors the view that the Hudson
water body was in post-Glacial time a lake impounded by the moraine,
the inlet now existing through the moraine having been formed by
the cutting down of the lake outlet to the present narrows. He says:
In conclusion it may be stated that, while no single argument seems to be fatal to
the salt-water hypothesis accounting for the Hudson water body, unless those drawn
from the phenomena on the outside of the moraine be such, it is likewise true that
the facts are not fatal to the lake hypothesis, unless the sponge spicules reported
from Croton represent salt-water species. Aside from these sponge spicules, the
weight of the evidence seems to be in favor of the lake hypothesis.
Hobbs. — Still more recently the writer6 has made a study of the
channels surrounding Manhattan Island, and has shown that limestone
has been but seldom encountered in them, except along Harlem River,
where for a portion of its length, between Kingsbridge and McComb\s
dam, the stream flows in a fault gorge, and where in another por-
tion it cuts diagonally across belts of gneiss and limestone south of
McComb's dam. In this latter section of the river there is no rock
channel corresponding to the present river and the rock floor is with-
out uniform slope in either direction, but is characterized by marked
irregularit}r. Stevens's view that the location of the channels has
been largely conditioned by a set of fractures is adopted as the most
probable one.
AREA WEST OF THE HUDSON.
It will not be necessary here to review the voluminous literature
descriptive of the type area of the Newark series. The rocks of this
series, which are represented in the New York area, as here limited,
comprise sandstones and shales with intrusive sills and dikes of basalt
or diabase, all of which, except the dikes, dip at a low angle (10°-15°)
to the northwest. All recent writers on this area have regarded the,
system as a faulted monocline with the main faults trending in a north-
northeast direction. All are in accord in stating that the number of
faults which must be present is in excess of those which have been
described. The more important papers upon the area are the following:
Russell, I. C. Physical history of the Triassic formation in New Jersey and the
Connecticut Valley: Annals New York Acad. Sci., vol. 1, 1878, pp. 220-256.
Cook, G. H. Red sandstone or Triassic formation: Ann. Rept. State Geologist New
Jersey, 1879, pp. 18-35. (Contains colored map.)
Russell, I. C. Geology of Hudson County, N. J.: Annals New York Acad. Sci.,
vol. 2, 1882, pp. 27-80.
Davis, Wm. M. Relations of the Triassic traps and sandstones of the eastern United
States: Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harv. Coll., vol. 7, 1883, pp. 250-309.
a Peet, C.E., Glacial and post-Glacial history of the Hudson and Champlain valleys: Jour. Geol.,
vol. 12, 1904, pp. 415-469, 617-660.
& Hobbs, W. H., Origin of the channels surrounding Manhattan Island: Bull. Geol.Soc. America,
vol. 16, 1905, pp. 157-182, pi. 35.
20 EOCK FLOOK OF GREATER NEW YORK. [bull.270.
Darton, N. H. Relations of the traps of the Newark system in the New Jersey
region: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 67, 1890, pp. 1-82, 6 pis.
Russell, I. C. Correlation papers — the Newark system: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey
No. 85, 1892, pp. 1-344, 13 pis. (Especially pp. 83-95.)
KtiMMEL, H. B. The Newark system, report of progress: Ann. Rept. State Geolo-
gist New Jersey, 1896-97, pp. 25-88; 1897-98, pp. 25-159.
Darton, N. H. Geologic Atlas V. S., folio 83, IT. S. Geol. Survey, 1902, pp. 6-10.
COMMENT.
In the opinion of the writer too little weight has been accorded by
recent observers to the importance of normal faulting in determining
the structure of Manhattan Island. Particularly, in view of the prox-
imity of the much-faulted Newark area across Hudson River, the
markedly rectilinear boundaries of the island uplands, and the known
zones of discontinuity discovered by engineers in subterranean work-
ings. Stevens, among the earlier writers, and Julien and the present
writer among the later ones have accorded greater weight to this
consideration. Dana assumed a cross fault at Manhattan ville, and this
has been accepted by Kemp, who suggests also that there may be
similar cross breaks at Enwood and Spuyten DuyviJ. Merrill has
entered upon his map. in addition to the fault at Man hat tan ville, two
additional cross faults, one between Hell Gate and Blackwells Island,
and another between Randall Island and the mainland, in order to
account for the present positions and attitudes of the formations in
those localities. Julien has described among others an additional
cross fault accompanied by friction breccia at 138th street and St.
Nicholas avenue, and has called attention to the shattering and brecci-
ation at Spuyten Duyvil. The writer has described a number of addi-
tional fault planes which have been recently located.
SCOPE OF THE PRESENT STUDY.
An attempt has here been made to determine the depth and the
nature of bed rock beneath Greater New York, by means of wells and
borings, the numerous bridge and tunnel sections, the Government
dredgings, the reefs in mid-channel, etc., in the belief that it will con-
tribute not only toward the solution of the geological problems of the
area, but will greatly aid the engineers who are carrying out the enter-
prises previously referred to, as well as architects, contractors, and
man}r others.
The investigation has been conducted by personal interviews and
correspondence with engineers who have been in charge of public
works, by examination of drill cores, by study of municipal and other
reports, and by kindred methods, rather than by attack on the rocks
themselves, though this has so far as possible been undertaken. Tin
writer takes this opportunity to acknowledge his obligation to tin1
is
c b
ViKE
K-ji
r i O ^
W w
c s s
PC cq H
F^
o o 1
hobbs.J EXPOSED PORTION OF THE ROOK BASEMNET. 21
many engineers who have so courteously responded to his appli-
cation for information in their possession. To mention all of them
would require more space than is here available for the purpose, but
acknowledgment should be made especially of the assistance rendered
by the following gentlemen: Mr. George S. Rice, acting chief engi-
neer of the rapid transit commission; Mr. J. Vipond Davies, con-
sulting engineer; Messrs. Richard S. Buck, H. A. La Chicotte, Martin
Gay, and Edward A. Byrne, of the department of bridges of the city
of New York; Mr. Alfred P. Boiler, consulting engineer; Messrs. A.
Noble and Charles M. Jacobs, chief engineers, and their assistants of
the Pennsylvania, New York and Long Island Railroad Company;
Mr. Wm. R. Hutton, consulting engineer; Lieutenant-Colonel Ray-
mond and Capt. Edgar Jadwin, of the Corps of Engineers, U. S.
Army; Mr. Cory don T. Purdy, chief engineer of the George A. Fuller
Company; Mr. John Goodell, formerly editor of the Engineering-
Record; Mr. Oliver W. Barnes, civil engineer; and Mr. F. L. Chase,
engineer of bridges, New York Central and Hudson River Railroad
Company/' The writer is especially indebted to Mr. William E.
Brown, a member of the class of 1905 of the University of Wiscon-
sin, who has prepared the illustrations of this report from the original
data.
The waterways immediately surrounding Manhattan Island are, as
is now well known, rock cai^ons having a depth to rock of nearly 200
feet in East River, and of 300 feet or more in North River. These
canyons are now partly filled with drift deposits — bowlders, gravel,
sand, and cla3T — and silt. The depths to which the channels have locally
been tilled by this material are to some extent dependent upon the
velocity of the tidal currents. At Hell Gate, where these currents are
at a maximum, the channels have been scoured out to a depth of over
150 feet, though the average depth of water in the eastern channels
ranges between 30 and 60 feet. In the Hudson channel, west of the
island, the water depths vary between 30 and 150 feet, and the under-
lying beds of detritus have been penetrated to depths of 150 to 240
feet without meeting rock.
FORM OF THE ROCK PEDESTAL OF MANHATTAN.
EXPOSED PORTION OF THE ROCK BASEMENT.
Doctor Gale's statement that the island of New York is composed of
ugneissoid islands11 separated by low areas fitly describes that portion
of the rock basement which projects above the drift. The maps of
Mather6 and Kemp/' which outline the areas of drift and alluvium
aOther acknowledgments are made on page 23 and in connection with the tables of Pari H.
^Mather, Wm. M., Geol. New York, pt. 1, 1843, pp. 501-625.
oTrans. New York Acad. Sci., vol. 7, 1887, plate facing page 64.
22 ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK. [bull. 270.
upon the island, disclose the quite striking rectilinear outlines of these
islets. On Kemp's map in particular (fig. 2, p. 15) it is seen that there
are two large islets and a number of smaller ones. The largest occu-
pies the central part of Manhattan, and is roughly bounded on the
northwest and southeast by Hudson and East rivers, respectively,
while to the northeast and south west it is limited lrv parallel and nearly
straight lines, which conform in direction with the southerly course of
the Harlem. The northeastern boundary, starting from the Hudson
shore at Manhattanville, crosses the island to the northern limit of the
Blackwells Island gorges, just south of Hell Gate. The southwestern
boundary begins at 32d street and Hudson River and, crossing the
island in the same general direction as the other, would pass through
Corlear's Hook — a salient of the island upon the south. The other
large islet upon Manhattan comprises that portion of the island which
is north of the Manhattanville valley, west of Eighth avenue, and south
of Shermans Creek. These two islets miiy be called, respectively,
the Morningside Heights and the Washington Heights masses from the
highest [joints of each. These highest points are in each case at the
northern ends, from which the surface of the terrane slopes gently
to the south, probably largely because of a persistent southerly
pitch of the rocks, as was early pointed out by Stevens. One of the
group of small islets upon the island borders the Hudson between
Tubby Hook and Spuyten Duvvil Creek. Another formerly covered
some 90 acres of the middle portion of the Harlem flats, but has
since been reduced to the narrow limits of Mount Morris. A third,
about 30 acres in extent, once formed the continuation of Fordham
Heights upon Manhattan, and a fourth, of limestone, measured but a
few acres and projected from the Harlem flats at 132d street and Sixth
(Lenox) avenue. Two other small islets were located between Fort
George and Kingsbridge — the one on the south being composed of
schist and the other of limestone. Blackwells, Wards, and Randall
islands, the near-lying "sunken meadow," Flood and Mill rocks, and
the several remaining reefs of the eastern channel should all be included
in the list.
COVERED PORTION OF THE ROCK BASEMENT.
So far as the writer is aware, no serious attempt has been made to
learn the configuration of the rock floor of Manhattan beyond what
has been accomplished in recording a small number of scattered
observations from borings. Gale, in Mather's report, recorded some
23 borings to rocks, to which number Russell added 86, and Kemp,
Gratacap, and others each added a few.
The recent engineering developments within the area of Manhattan
suggested to the writer in 1901 the advisability of gathering data of
this nature with a view to restoring in a contour ma]) the submerged
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
rs ^
MAP OF NORTHERN AND EASTERN
PORTIONS OF MANHATTAN ISLAND,
SHOWING CONFIGURATION OF THE ROCK FLOOR.
Scale
] mile
1905
o Borings to rock; figures £ive elevation of rock surface, referred to
mean tide at Sandy Hook',
o Borings which do not reach roekfigures give elevation of bottom
referred to mean tide at Sandy Hook.
The blue lines are contours of the rock floor referred to the
datum plane adopted .
JULIUS BIEN &CO.LITW.N.Y.
HOBB8] COVERED PORTION OF THE ROCK EASEMENT. 23
rock surface of the island, the significance of rock contours with]
Massachusetts-Connecticut area having demonstrated the value of .
studies. In the area on and immediately surrounding the island obse
vations from nearly 1,500 borings or excavations to rock have been
collected through the courtesy of many corporations and private indi-
viduals. For these valuable data the writer has been placed under
obligations to many city and Government officials, engineers, archi-
tects, artesian-well borers, and others. In addition to those mentioned
on page 21 as supplying the greater number of data bearing on the
nature and depth of the rock bed of river channels, there should be
mentioned Mr. Russell Bleicker, secretary of the department of docks;
Mr. George Livingston, commissioner, and Mr. Joseph O. B. Web-
ster, engineer of street borings, of the department of public works;
Mr. Watson G. Clark and Mr. Peter Elbert Nostrand, city surveyors;
Mr. Robert Maynicke, and Messrs. Clinton & Russell, architects;
Mr. Palmer Campbell, general manager of the Hoboken Land and
Improvement Company; Mr. M. S. Starrett, engineer of the Inter-
urban Street Railway Company; Mr. Daniel E. Moran, of the Founda-
tion and Construction Company; Mr. William D. H. Washington,
Washington Building; Mr. A. C. Veatch, of the Hydrographic Divi-
sion, United States Geological Survey, and Mr. C. B. J. Snyder,
architect, of the department of education. Among the contractors
for artesian wells who have supplied valuable information are Mr. Isaac
H. Ford, 104 Fulton street; Messrs. Stothoff Brothers, Flemington,
N. J., and Mr. Harry E. Estes, of the New York and New Jersey Well
Company. Brewing companies of the cit}^ have freely supplied infor-
mation concerning the driven or bored wells upon their premises.
' Voluminous data from these sources have been included in Part II,
pp. 30 to 93. The greater number apply particularly to the " down-
town " portion of Manhattan, south of the gneiss upland area, and to
the area of the Harlem flats north of 110th street. The data from the
downtown area have been entered on the map forming PL I, after
having been corrected so as to refer to the United States datum plane
of mean tide at Sandy Hook.a
The observations from the Harlem area have been similarly entered on
the map forming PL II. The grades of street intersections from which
the depths below datum have been computed, were obtained in part
directly from the official records, through the courtesy of Mr. George
Livingston, commissioner, and Mr. Joseph O. B. Webster, engineer
of street openings, of the department of public works. The larger
aThis datum plane is the one adopted by the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey and the Pennsyl
vania Railroad Company. It is located 2.49 feet below the datum of mean high water at New York
City, adopted by the New York department of public works and the Rapid Transit Comn
is 2.25 feet above the datum plane of mean low water at New York City, wiiich has been i
the New York dock department. The Pennsylvania, New York and Long Island Railroad
has adopted the datum of mean high water, and to avoid the use of signs has fixed this elevation as
300 feet.
24
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[BULL. 270.
number, however, have been obtained from the valuable " Memoranda
of Elevations/'" which is in use among engineers.
It is well understood that this list does not include the records of
all borings which have been made on the island, and it is therefore
hoped that others will supplement them so far as possible.
Fig. 3.— Sketch map of Manhattan Island showing location of special
longitudinal and tranverse sections.
It will be well to consider the form of the rock pedestal of the island
as it appears in important sections, which, as the result of recent
a Brown, M.B., Memoranda of Elevations, New York City (unofficial), 1883, pp. 17.r>. (New York.
49-")i Park place. )
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
BULLETIN NO. 270 PL. Ill
3 miles
.KETCH MAP OF MANHATTAN ISLAND, SHOWING THE LOCATIONS OF SOME OF
THE RIVER SECTIONS.
HOBBS.]
TRANSVERSE SECTIONS OF THE ISLAND.
25
engineering works upon the island, are unusually complete. Tl
are: (a) A transverse series of sections near the line of 32d street; (h)
a longitudinal section along
Broadway from the Battery to
33dstreet(Pl.V); (c) a longitudi-
nal section from near the north
end of Central Park, 96th street,
along Lenox and Westchester
avenues to Melrose avenue in
the Bronx; and (d) a longitudi-
nal section along Broadway and
Eleventh avenue between 72d
and D}^ckman streets. The lo-
cation of these sections will be
3.
clear from fig.
TRANSVERSE SECTIONS OF
THE ISLAND.
The elaborate system of bor-
ings made by the Pennsylvania,
New York and Long Island
Railroad Company in connec-
tion with the projected tunnels
from Weehawken to Long-
Island City have been kindly
placed at the writer's disposal
by Messrs. Charles M. Jacobs
and A. Noble, the chief en-
gineers, respectively, of the
North River and East River
sections of the tunnels. The
sections of fig. 1 have been pre-
pared by combining the records
of the North River tunnel sec-
tion, the elaborate profiles in
the neighborhood of the termi-
nal site, between Seventh and
Ninth avenues, and the sheets
7 to 10 of the East River section
of the tunnels. Thus combined,
these sections comprise a com-
plete section across the island
near the line of 32d street, an
dmost complete section along
53d street, an additional section
1 -T[
o JS o 5 5 « o
V li PI *
ui CD
O CO
r+
1
Pierhead line
V vl.4?^//f/',e<='<^ ///7e
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'2 th Ave.
s
\
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< [ ) ' \
-Jlth Ave,
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CD
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^ \
o
^ v ~ ^ \
Z 10 th Ave,
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* \
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5 * 5 ^ t-9Ul AVe-
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/I
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p-
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* s " ^ /'iz:6c/> Ave.
a f r
s
^ I 1
(-1
Co c c« q, V
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>fc Co f\» >• ^
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j— 7i/7 Ave
C
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n- r
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CD
CD
s
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p-
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. o (
>ZL5tft Ave.
S"
0 /
0 /
,'
zn
3
11 A*fa<7/'son Ave
CD
w
"ST
-—■4 th Ave
Si
•0 1
[
CD
pT
— Lex/npton Ave.
a
o
V
•8 ),
~ Jrcf vlve
§ ft'
Pi
\
^
\
o
A
— ?ncr Ave.
ca
a A
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r? Ij
— /st Ave.
<T> >^
f4 /^ jBu/rtfteacf sine
**'"'« Zl ^ er/jeaa //'ne
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ilong 31st street between Seventh and Ninth avenues, and a section of
he steep eastern slope at East River near 31th street.
26 ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK. [bull, m
The borings which have been utilized in making these sections com-
prise some 90 well-distributed core borings, supplemented by 75
or more intermediate wash borings. The rock was penetrated by
the diamond drills in some cases as far as 100 feet, and revealed in all
cases some phase of granite or gneiss, no limestone having been any-
where found.
A number of interesting results have followed from this work. It
is first to be noted that the steep rock wall which forms the western
margin of the island from 81st street northward to Manhattan ville is
on the line of these sections continued beneath the pierhead line of
the I liaison shore as an equally definite topographic feature. The
eastern wall of the island is even steeper than the western. Its sur-
face was followed down to depths of 100 feet beneath the bulkhead line,
and was found to rise gradually from this depth in going eastward from
the pierhead line. Between the bulkhead and pierhead lines the rock
surface is of great depth and was determined with difficulty. Under
the old A pier <>f the 34th street ferry, approximately on the extended
center line of 34th street and immediately in the rear of the A pier as
it now exists, thirty-five soundings with a water-pressure drill were
first made before a passageway was found under the surface cribwork
and riprap of the island. The casing was finally driven to a depth of
208 feet. Below a depth of L29^ feet, mean low water, it is stated
that the drill entered a rotten, decomposed gneiss. Though the
diamond drill was put in it would not make a core, and the material
crumbled under it." This apparently decomposed rock would appear
to be in all respects like that which was found along the supposed
fault crevice in the driving of the siphon for the New York aqueduct
under Harlem River. As regards position it would correspond in
this instance to the continuation of one of the possible faults of the
Blackwells Island series.
In the vicinity of the terminal site, near Eighth avenue, there is a
deep depression in the rock surface, which has inward-sloping walla
not only upon the east and west but to the north and south as well.
To the east of Seventh avenue the surface is broken into a series ol
remarkably sharp and regular troughs which run transverse to the
section, or longitudinally along the island, the surface as a whole slop
ing steeply to the south.
LONGITUDINAL SECTIONS OF THE ISLAND.
ALONG BROADWAY FROM THE BATTERY TO THIRTY-THIRD STREET.
The extensive series ,,f borings made by the rapid transit connnis
sioners in connection with the subway recently constructed/' ha
"Information kindly furnished by A. Noble, chief engineer, East River division, and .1. Vipol
Da vies, who was in charge of the drilling.
bParsons, Win. H.. Borings in Broadway, New York: Trans. Am. Soc. civil Eng., vol. '28, 1893, pj
13-18, pi. 6. Seealso Engineering News, vol.26, July 18, 1891, p. 62 (fig.)-
hobbs.] LONGITUDINAL SECTIONS OF THE ISLAND. 27
furnished a detailed profile of the rock surface between these lim
South of Union square this profile is characterized by the most abrupt
changes in level, the greatest depression being- found at Duane street,
though less marked interruptions of its course are encountered at
Walker, Canal, and Houston streets and at Clinton place. Just
south of 14th street (Union square) also, a marked though some-
what less profound trough is disclosed. North of Union square and
south of Chambers street the rock surface shows a comparatively
regular slope (PI. V). At Duane street, where the maximum depth
of 163.25 feet was found, a second or check boring was put down on
the opposite side of Broadway, where a depth of 149 feet (13.75 feet
less) was found. Records obtained by the writer from other sources
show that the deepest part of the depression is not upon the line of
Broadway but to the southwest (PL I).
ALONG LENOX AND WESTCHESTER AVENUES FROM NINETY-SIXTH
STREET TO MELROSE AVENUE.
This section (fig. 5) has been reproduced from the map and profile
prepared b}^ the rapid transit commission. It shows that the high
bluff of gneiss, which forms the northern boundary of the Manhattan
uplands near the northern line of Central Park, descends beneath the
| level of the grade in the Harlem flats. Rock was nowhere encountered
I in tunneling between this point and 145th street, where the tunnels
descend in order to go beneath Harlem River. At that point, how-
ever, limestone was met with and was penetrated by the tunnels beneath
the river. Records from borings derived from other sources show
that the rock surface beneath the Harlem flats is at distances vary-
ing from 40 to 125 feet below its comparatively level grade. ^ Out of
these depths rise, like islets, the reefs of rock which are now so fast
being leveled to grade.
It has been rather generally assumed that the area of the Harlem
flats has been eroded in limestone. In the opinion of the writer it
appears more probable that it represents a depressed composite oro-
graphic block of gneiss and limestone, outlined on the west and south
by faults along Eighth avenue and the northern wall of the Manhattan
uplands. From this depressed composite block reefs of gneiss and
limestone alike rise along precipitous slopes to and above the present
urface. A limestone reef of this kind has been described by Gale."
Stevens,5 Ries.c and Dana/ and the latter was evidently at some pains
:o explain his theory of the New York river channels because of this
a Mather, Wm. W., Geol. New York, pt. 1, 1843, pp. 581-604.
| & Stevens, R. P., Hist. Geol. New York Island: Annals Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York, vol. 8, 1865, pp.
16-117.
I cRies, Heinrich, Trans. New York Acad. Sci., vol. 10, 1891, pp. 113-114.
dPana, J. D., Geological relations of the limestone belts of Westchester County and northern New
fork Island: Am. Jour. Sci., vol. 21, 1881, p. 440.
28
EOCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[BTTLL. 270.
fact. The rock surface of the southern part of the island is apparently
in most respects similar to that of the Harlem flats, except that no
a/Jt/- 9SOJ/9W
U9^dJU 1U91U1DI[
M ysec/ /eu?v<?j
limestone reefs have been found, and the same explanation lias
therefore, not been offered for its low position.
S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
1 §
I g 3 * S ^ ' J 5 I
I Si H I | 1 £ g
^ 1 I
^%J
^J7
SECTION OF THE ROCK BASEMKNTMA
FROM THE BAT '
BULLETIN NO. 270 PL '
IANHATTAN ALONG THE LINE OF BROADWAY
TO THIRTY-THIRD STREET.
hobbs.] LONGITUDINAL SECTIONS OF THE ISLAND. 29
ALONG BROADWAY AND ELEVENTH AVENUE BETWEEN SEVENTY-SECOND
AND DYCKMAN STREETS.
This section (tig. 6), like the last, is along the line of the subway,
and has been furnished the writer through the courtesy of the rapid
transit commission.
Its chief interest is in showing- the regular transverse breaks in the
continuity of the surface — breaks which were long ago described by
Stevens as lines of dislocation. At Manhattan street there is a deep
transverse crevice tilled with gravel to a depth of more than 135 feet
below the present grade (serial number 1202. p. 80). At 96th street
also there is evidence that a filled crevice extends to a distance of
about 100 feet below the bottom of the present valley (serial number
1199, p. 80). The deep embay ment at 157th street marks a line south
of which the rocks forming the upland project east for a distance of
about one-eighth of a mile. It is also the line along which the mass
of Fordham Heights abruptly terminates at Harlem River. The val-
ley north of Washington Heights (fig. 6) is that of Shermans Creek,
and north of this bars were driven by the engineers of the commis-
sion, to moderate depths, without encountering rock. The break at
Shermans Creek, and those at 157th street, Manhattan street, and 96th
street include subequal space intervals.
The above-described sections only partly display the peculiarly
rugged configuration of the rock basement of Manhattan. Attention
should be especially called to the revelations of the map (PI. I) as to
the zigzagging course of the lower Hudson channel, below Weehaw-
ken, and to the knob of gneiss which rises at the Battery from the
downtown lowlands.
PART II— BORINGS MADE IN NEW YORK AND VICINITY.
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity.
1. BORINGS BENEATH CHANNELS ON WATER FRONT.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
Serial
num-
ber.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
1
EAST RIVEE FRONT.
At '/'"■/.- lint . "
Foot of—
Rivington st reel
55
42
- 45
65
- 60
35
15
35
35
85
-115
- 98
70
75
- 40
- 35
- 65
- 45
- 25
- 15
- 18
- 20
- 20
2
Stanton street - -
3
24th and L'">tli streets l between I
25th street
4
5
26th street
6
27th street ( produced)
91st streel
8
9
91st and 926! streets (between 1.
94th street
ID
95th street
11
96th street
12
99th street
13
14
100th street
101st street
15
103d street
16
104th street
17
107th and 108th streets (be-
tween )
18
110th street
19
116th street
20
120th and 121st Street si between )
121st street
21
22
123d street .
23
123d and 124th streets | bet ween l
30
"New York department of docks.
IBS.]
EAST RIVER FRONT.
31
Summary of records of borings made in New York- and vicinity — Continued.
1. BORINGS BENEATH CHANNELS ON WATER FRONT— Continued. '
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
EAST RIVER FRONT — Continued.
At bulkhead line ( 'r-inch borings).a
Pier—
1 , Battery
2, Whitehall street
3, Coenties slip
9, between Coenties and Old
slips.
12, Old slip
15, Wall street
18, Maiden lane
19, Fletcher street
21, Burling slip
24, near Peck slip
28, near Roosevelt street
Brooklyn Bridge
33 and 34 ( between) , near Cath-
erine slip.
37, Market slip . . _
41, Pike slip
43 (old), Rutgers slip
46 (old), Jefferson street ..
49 (old), near Clinton street...
52 (old), Gouverneur slip
Miscellaneous.**
North line of 80th street—
7 feet east of bulkhead line
32 feet west of bulkhead line
Half block south of 81st street —
23 feet east of bulkhead line . . .
18 feet west of bulkhead line. . .
South line of 81st street —
48 feet east of bulkhead line . . .
7 feet west of bulkhead line
«New York department of docks; 4-inch borings
iches in length.
''New York department of docks. Records 45-49
yen, Nos. 22, 18, 13, II, and 4 of such series.
23.99
18.77
20.94
29. 93
30. 95
53.23
159. 89
-142. 7
135. 91
L46.62
■ 98.06
■ 75
108.79
■ 85.28
90. 99
109.43
- 51
- 30.86
66.56
24
10
L0
Referred
to U.S.
dat iiiii,
Sandy
Hook.
33
56
162
-145
138
-149
-100
- 73
-111
88
- 93
112
53
33
69
26
- 12
- 17
- 15
- 12
Kind of rock, if knowi
26 Granite.
Do.
23 Syenitic granite.
32 Do.
Do.
Granite.
Do.
( rneiss.
Granite.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
No. 31, top micaceous gneiss; core 10 feet 6^
from a scries of 32 borings, being, in the order
32
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[bull. 270.,
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity-Continued.
■ L BORINGS BENEATH CHANNELS ON WATER FRONT-Continued.
Serial
num-
ber.
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
Location.
56
57
58
59
60
til
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
east rivek front — continued.
Miscellaneous— Continued.
30 feet north of 81st street—
4 feel east of bulkhead line . .
South line of 91st st. (produced i
25 feet east of bulkhead line. .
35 ft south and 45 ft. cast of ■"><>
L50 ft. south and 5 ft. west of 51 .
in feel east of 52
10 feet easl of 53
160 feet south and 10 feel easl
of 51.
EAST RIVEB SECTIONS.
East /.'"■' r Gas Company's tunnel.a
New York bulkhead —
LOO feet west of line
Center of west channel
Blackwells Island—
Wes1 shore
East shore
Center of east channel
Long Island City—
L00 feet easl of shore
East River bridgt No. .'.'-
Brooklyn tower —
Center line of bridge (D)
' (B)
North edge of pier (M)
(K)
South Pier (D)
(B)
(C2)
(H2)
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred K- , of rock if known
to l . s.
•
ii
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
1.9
21
35
- 37
\\
L6
20
22
20
22
40
VI
17
L9
Fine brown sand.
L06
-108
-111
114
110
( iueiss.
Mica schist.
( iueiss.
Do.
Limestone.
IIS (iueiss.
85.0
so. 4
104.27
-102. 30
— 85.0
80. I
89. -4
81
si
101
.si
( iueiss.
Do
Do.
«Aims, Walter. I.. .lour. Assoc. Eng. Soc, vol. 14, L895, p. 109, pi.
&New York department of bridges. Diamond-drill borings; datu
high water.
EAST RIVEK SECTIONS.
33
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
1. BORINGS BENEATH CHANNELS ON WATER FRONT— Continued.
Loca tiuii.
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum.
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
east river sections — continued
East River bridge No. 2— Continued.
New York tower —
North pier (F)
(H)
(A)
(C)
Southpier,northeastcorner(D) .
East end (K)
(B)
Pierhead line 175 feet south of
K (C).
East River bridge No. 3. a
Manhattan tower —
850 feet north of (anchorage) . .
300 feet south of bulkhead
line (a).
(>>)
(c)
{*)
(e)
(/)
(9)
(h)
(')
Brooklyn tower —
200 feet north of bulkhead line.
850 feet south of (anchorage) . .
East River bridge No. h. a
60th street pier —
80 feet east of east line of avenue
A.
40 feet from east end of pier . . .
54. 5
54. 5
45
56
71
56. 9
(id
78. 5
-119
-133
-108
1 26
-126
-133
-123
-115
-113
■f 8.92
50
69
56
71
— 76
-118
-131
-106
-124
-124
-131
121
-113
— Ill
— 92
- 70
< rlieiss.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Gneiss.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Marble.
Gneiss.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Gneiss.
Do.
- 76.05
a New York department of bridges. Diamond-drill borings (averages) ; datum, mean high water.
Bull. 270—05 3
34
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[BULL. 270.
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
1. BORINGS BENEATH CHANNELS ON WATEB FRONT— Continued.
Serial
num-
ber.
Depth of boring to rock.
Location.
east rivee sections — continued.
East River bridgt No. I— Continued.
Blackwells Island pier, west
bulkhead line—
92 Boring 3
93
94
95
As given.
Boring 7
Boring I
( tenter line of bridge, cast bulk-
head line.
3.32
4.49
L2.89
1
Referred
to r. s.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
East Rivt r /"/'.-."
Man-o'-War reef Near datum
Blackwells Island reef do
Reef off 26th street
3d street
I2d street
47th street
Ct nit r lint of U2d street {produced). b
East of bulkhead line —
About 200 feet
About 7:;n tort '..
Aboul L,540 tret :
About 1,950 feet
About 10") fret cast of 101'/
About middle of eastern chan-
nel.
Pennsylvania i;<iih<><i<i tunnel, foot of
Flushing street, Long Island <'/ti/.i<> near
foot. of 38d street, New York ( '////. <•
1,750 feet cast of New York bulk-
head line (a).
(6)
+ 3
Kind of rook, if known.
( rneiss.
Do.
( rneiss.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
96
07
98
99
100
101
101a
101 A
L01c
101,/
L01<
101/
102
103
"Hydrography of East River. C S. (oast and Geodetic Survey.
oNos. 101a-101/ records of core borings furnished by Alan A. Robbins, resident engineer, New Yo
and Long Island Railroad. Rock of LOla-lOle, "decomposed gneiss." No. 101// is 100 feet west
Man-o -War reef, LOlc is 400 feet east of Man-o'-War reef, LOld is midway between Man-o'-War reef a
the east shore, and 101c is about 500 feet west of the eastern shore. Rock of 101/", " white crystalli
dolomite."
c Noble, A., and Jacobs, C. M., chief engineers, Pennsylvania. New York and Long Island Railro
Company; wash borings.
1 10
KM
108
99
< rneiss.
108
Do.
108
Do.
88
Do.
88
Do.
94
Do
oinite
106
Rock or bowlder.
EAST RIVER SECTIONS.
35
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
1. BORINGS BENEATH CHANNELS ON WATER FRONT— Continued.
Location.
east river sections — continued.
Pennsylvania Railroad tunnel, foot of
Flushing street, etc.— Cont'd.
1,500 feet east of New York bulk-
head line (a).
(6)
1,400 feet east of New York bulk-
head line (a).
(b) -
(c)
1,000 feet east of New York bulk-
head line (a).
(6)
800 feet east of New York bulk-
head line.
600 feet east of New York bulk-
head line (a).
Depth of boring to rock,
As given.
(b)
560 feet east of New York bulk-
head line.
440 feet east of New York bulk-
head line.
320 feet east of New York bulk-
head line.
Pierhead line, between 32d and
33d streets.
New York-Brooklyn tunnel of rapid transit
commission, a
East of pier 4 (foot of Broad
street) —
3,210 feet east of pier end
2, 145 feet east of pier end
1,988 feet east of pier end
1,558 feet east of pier end
1,152 feet east of pier end
857 feet east of pier end
510 feet east of pier end
End of pier
Near end of pier 3
Same as 331 (Battery series) . . .
a Rapid transit commission
103^
ll09
115)
591
- 69
- 94
- 73
- 46
- 77
- 97i
-100 1
- 74
- 95
-111
-110
79
59
99
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
-107
57
75
97
72
93
109
L08
Kind of rock, if known.
63 No rock.
- 63 Gneiss.
9. 2 - 87 No rock,
- 98 Do.
- 67 Gneiss.
2. 24 - 60 Do.
- 52 Do.
28 Do.
!7.9 - 25 Do.
- 16 Do.
Datum mean high water.
Rock or bowlder.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
36
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[BULl
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
1. BORINGS BENEATH CHANNELS ON WATER FRONT— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
Kind of rock, if known
Serial
num-
ber.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook".
HUDSON RIVER FRONT.
Dock line, a
Pier —
A
50
50
50
43
45
42
40
40
:;r,
40
10
45
53
48
128
1 (new)
129
1 (old), fool of Battery place ..
1 30
:; (old)
i:;i
1 (old), fool of Morris place
L32
8 ( dl<l i. f()< >t 1 'I' Rector street . . .
L33
L34
1 1 i old i. fool of Carlisle street .
14 (old), foot of Cedar street. . .
135
n> (old), t'«.ot of Liberty street.
L35
1.". i new |, fool of ('(.rtlan.lt
street.
14 (new i. between I >ey and
. Fnl ton streets.
15 (new), foot of Vesev street .
L36
L37
L38
L39
25 1 "Id ) . t«>ot of Barclay street .
27 (old f, foot «»f Park place
140
is (new ). foot of Murray street .
141
142
19 (new . foot of Warren street .
20 (new), foot of Chambers
street.
2:; | new ). foot of 1 [arrison street
25 i new ). foot of North Moore
street.
27 (new), foot of Hubert street .
40 (old), fool of Watts street...
7S
88 I
148
144
L45
L46
90
81)
83
SI)
SI)
90
90
90
-100
124
100
-150
60
100
I4S
35 new ), foot of Spring street
149
37 (new), foot of Charlton streel
39 (new), foot of Houston street
41 (new), foot of Lerov street..
150
151
152
42 (new), foot of Morton street.
153
43 (new), foot of Marrow street.
154
64 (old), foot of Perry streel
155
156
47 (new), foot of Perry street
(extended).
48 (new), foot of 11th street...
157
Foot of Bank street
"Depths taken from profile of rock furnished by New York department of docks.
HUDSON ftlVEft FRONT.
37
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
1. BORINGS BENEATH CHANNELS ON WATER FRONT— Continued.
Serial
num-
ber.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred
to U.S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
Hudson river front — continued.
Dock line— Continued.
Pier — Continued.
158
159
160
161
Foot of Bethune street
- 95
- 85
-110
-180
12th street
55 (old), foot of Horatio street.
52 (new), foot of 22d street. . . .
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
53 (new), foot of 23d street
175
-170
-152
-105
-85
- 80
60
56 (new), foot of 26th street . . .
Foot of 35th street . . . .*
36th street
38th street
39th street
44th street
169
46th street
50
170
171
! 172
173
50th street
40
30
- 40
- 29
53d street
56th street
57th street
174
59th street
- 55
Bulkhead line, a
Pier —
1 175
1 (old), Battery place
— 35.2
— 38
Granite.
176
3 (old), between Battery place
and Morris street.
40. 2
- 43
Do.
177
6 (old), near Rector street
- 42.2
- 45
Do.
i 178
10 (old), near Carlisle street. . .
- 46.09
- 48
Mica-schist.
179
13 (old), near Albany street...
- 40.51
- 43
Syenitic granite.
180
18 (old), near Cortlandt street.
- 44.35
- 47
Do.
; 181
24 (old), near Vesey street
- 51.08
- 53
Coarse granite.
182
Barclay street ferry
- 45.38
- 48
Pier—
183
28 (old), near Murray street. . .
- 75.44
- 78
Granite.
184
30 (old), near Chambers street.
— 85.65
- 88
Do.
185
35 (old), near Franklin street. .
- 78.36
- 81
Do.
a Depths taken from profile of rock furnished by New York department of docks. No. 183, mica
chist 8.91 feet, rest granite; 191, 4-inch boring; 192, 10 feet from end of pier; 193, 20 feet west of bulk
jead line, dark wand last recorded material: 19G, 15 feet east of bulkhead line; 198, 8 feet from end o
tier.
38
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK. [mi.i.27ol|
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
1. BORINGS BENEATH CHANNELS ON WATER FRONT— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
Kind of rock, if knowrAJ
Serial
num-
ber.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
(latum,
Sandy
Hook.
HUDSON RIVER FRONT — continued.
Bulkhead line — Continued.
Pier — Continued.
186
38 (old), near Huberl street ...
- 80.11
- 83
Granite.
187
Desbrosses street
81.36
- 84
Do.
188
42 (old), near Canal street
SO. OS
- 82
Do.
189
15 (old), near Charlton street..
86. 17
- 89
Mica-schist.
190
49 (old), near Leroy street
85.90
- 88
Do.
191
51 (old), Christopher street
-124
-126
Do.
192
Fool <»f Bethune street
-157.97
L60
Granite.
L93
60 (old), toot of 13th street
196
No rock.
L94
Foot of 23d streel
-175. 16
110.11
84. 78
91.79
28. ss
-177
152
87
07
31
< iranite.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
L95
30th street
196
38th street
197
Kith streel
198
57th streel
At < '"/.- Of pit rs.'t
Pier—
199
I (ne^ 2i
50. 7
53
200
3 (new )
45. 1
15.3
16.9
Hi. s
13. 2
- 48.6
61. 1
- 64
- 50.2
- 71.1
73
48
is
- 49
- 49
- 46
- 51
(Y.\
- 66
53
- 74
75
201
6 (new)
202
8 (new)
203
11 (new)
204
12 (new)
205
24 (new 15)
206
28 (new 18)
207
30 (new 20)
208
35 (new 24)
209
39 (new 29)
210
42 (new 33)
211
45 (new 37)
Miscellaneous.^
Bulkhead line north of crib-
68. 6
- 71
212
Center lineof 135th street (pro-
duced).
- 90
- 92
No rock.
213
160 feet north of 135th street ..
81
- 83
ho
^5USSev' ,■ CV Annala New York Acad Sci., vol. 2 1882, pp 66-77.
™»« ™* ilepartnu'm of docka No- 212, average of two borings 10 feel apart. 214 221 from
piling, 2>b and 228 from series of 24 borings— 226 on line z z, 228 on line u-u.
HUDSON RIVER FRONT.
39
Summary of record* of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
1. BORINGS BENEATH CHANNELS ON WATER FRONT— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rook.
Hudson river front — continued.
Miscellaneous — Continued.
Center line of 97th street (pro-
duced)—
30 feet east of bulkhead line . . .
Bulkhead line
130 feet north of 97th street—
30 feet east of bulkhead line . . ,
Bulkhead line
140 feet north of 98th street—
30 feet east of bulkhead line..
Bulkhead line
30 feet north of 99th street—
30 feet east of bulkhead line..
Bulkhead line
Foot of 132d street—
200 feet west of end of pier
75 feet west of end of pier
Foot of 158th street, along north
side —
5 feet east of bulkhead line of
the year 1868.
200 feet west of bulkhead line. .
Foot of 129th street, along south
side —
Dock line
60 feet west of dock line
Foot of 128th street, along south
side —
Dock line
60 feet west of dock line
Foot of 96th street, along south
line of street —
50 feet west of present dock
125 feet west of present dock. . .
Seventh avenue and 155th street.
Centerof 154th street ( produced )—
50 feet east of bulkhead line . .
As given
55
60
26
34
43
53
30
• 38
128
113
10
35
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
- 60
- 74
- 29
- 38
:>7
64
28
36
15
32
40
130
115
37
si
- 12
- 37
- 62
- 76
- 31
Kind of rock, if known.
No rock.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Rock or bowlder
Do.
Do.
Do.
40
Rock or bowlder.
Do.
40 ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK. [btjll.270.
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
1. BORINGS BENEATH CHANNELS ON WATER FRONT— Continued.
Serial
num-
ber.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
HinsoN RIVER SECTIONS.
Reefi mil' west-southwest of pier A.a
234 Government boring
Bedloe Island. b
235 Well 1 50 feet north of fort
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
McAdoo tunnel, between 15th street, Jersey
City, and Morton streets
From bulkhead. New York City —
1,950 feet west of wall
1,730 feet west of wall
1,640 feel west of wall
1,570 feet west of wall
1,480 feel west of wall
1,380 feet wesl of wall
1,260 feet west of wall
1,215 feet west of wall
1,120 feet west of wall
1,030 feet west of wall
960 feet west of wall
830 feet west of wall
800 feet west of wall
660 feet west of wall .
515 feet west < >f wall
Pennsylvania, Ni w York and Loan Island
Railroad tunnel.d
850 feet west of Weehawken bulk-
head line (D).
750 feet west of Weehawken bulk-
head line (C).
Weehawken pierhead line ( A) . . .
28
4::
+285. 4
+204. 5
+ 77
30
-156
-154
107.6
105
102. 1
-100
-101.7
- 99
100.4
98
98. 9
96
96.2
94
97.7
- 95
95. 9
- 93
92. 4
- 90
- 84.8
- 82
— 78.4
- 76
- 84.8
- 82
- 82.5
- 80
-107. 5
-105
13
93
■221
Rock or bowlder.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Gneiss.
Do.
Do.
Rock containing " large
aGuthrie, W. L., second lieutenant. Corps of Kngineers, U. S. Army.
ft Long, C O., superintendent, American committee on Statue of Liberty
quantity ot mica " probably gneiss. A 6-inch hole was drilled 57 feet into the soft rock. Statue o
Liberty has foundation on hardpan and bowlders 15 feet below surface and 10 feet above mean higl
water.
(■Jacobs, Chas. M., chief engineer, from borings made by C. B. Brusb, C. E. Datum, mean bigl
water No. 26b encountered obstruction of unknown character.
rt. Noble A., and Jacobs, Chas. M., chief engineers. Depths as reported referred to datum 300 fee-
below mean high water; Nos. 251, 252, and 253, diamond-drill (core) borings; 254-262, wash borings.
IOBBS.]
HARLEM RIVER FRONT AND SECTIONS.
41
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
1. BORINGS BENEATH CHANNELS ON WATER FRONT— Continued.
Serial
num-
ber.
Locatior.
Depth of bori
lg to rock.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known
HUDSON RIVER SECTIONS — cont'd.
Pennsylvania, New York and Long [stand
Ba ilroad t unn el— Continued.
254
200 feet west of Weehawken bulk-
head line(W-12).
Weehawken pierhead line —
168. 3
129
Rock or bowlder.
255
300 feet east of line ( W-10 ) . . . .
- 61.2
-237
Do.
256
700 feet east of line (W-9)
- 42.6
-255
Do.
257
1,650 feet east of line (W-7) . . .
- 30
-268
Do.
258
2,000 feet east of line ( W-6) . . .
- 24
-274
Do.
259
2,300 feet east of line ( W-5) . .
- 28.9
-269
Do.
260
2,600 feet east of line ( W-4) . . .
- 43
255
Do.
261
2,900 feet east of line (W-3) . . -
-115
-183
Do.
262
3,100 feet east of line (W-2) . . .
On line of proposed bridge at 59th streets
New York side —
148.5
-149
Do
263
264
460 feet east of bulkhead line..
— 28
-123
Rock or bowlder.
450 feet west of bulkhead line
Do.
New Jersey side —
265
\ 266
880 feet west of bulkhead line. .
- 58
-115
Do.
100 feet west of bulkhead line.
Do.
267
268
1 269
200 feet east of bulkhead line. J
-123
-190
-251
Do.
700 feet east of bulkhead line
Do.
1,200 feet east of bulkhead line.
Do.
1270
2,000 feet east of bulkhead line.
HARLEM RIVER FRONT AND SECTIONS.
-300
Do.
Spuyten Duyvil Bridge. &
271
272
273
First pier on Manhattan side
-110
-115
- 90
Rock not known.
Center pier
Do.
Pier at north end of swing span. .
Do.
Dock line. <•
274"
125th street
-151
-153
275
Intersection of 155th street and
Seventh avenue.
— 29
- 31
Rock or bowlder.
aMacdonald, Charles, Engineering News, vol. 33, 1895, p. 159 (wash borings).
b Engineering News, vol. 43, 1900, p. 397.
cNew York department of docks. No. 276 taken from series of 33, average of three adjacent
orings; 277 from test piling.
42
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK. [bull.270 ?
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
1. BORINGS BENEATH CHANNELS ON WATER FRONT— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
Kind of rock, if known.
Serial
num-
ber.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
HARLEM RIVER FRONT AND SUC-
TIONS— continued.
1
Dock line— Continued.
Center of 154th street (pro-
duced)—
276
50 Ictt east of bulkhead Hue . . .
- 38
- 40
Rock or bowlder.
277
55 feet north of south line of
138th street on bulkhead line.
Washington Bridgt .<<
- 98
-100
Do.
27S
200 feet west of west pier of west
arch.
60
Gneiss.
Low-water line, west side.
Center pier
East pier of east arch
200 feet east of last..
High Bridge.**
150 feet west <if west bank of river
130 feet (aboul I east < if west hank
river.
Under central pier
200 feet easl of central pier
280 feet east of east bank of river
.w a- aqueduct.c
Near west shore bulkhead line —
200 feet west
50 feet west
1 75 feet east
Near east bulkhead line—
At line
600 feet east of lint
750 feet east of line
1,000 feet east of line
25
30
0
71)
80
Do.
i Gneiss, marble, ant
\ fault rock.
( rneiss.
Do.
Gneiss.
Do.
No rock.
Marble or limestone
ichist an
gneiss.
(Mica-
l gneif
Gneiss.
Do.
Soft rock.
Lime rock or marble.
Soft rock.
Do.
Lime rock or marble.
a Hutton, W. R., chief engineer, " The Washington Bridge," New York. 1890, p. 21, pi. 2.
?> Church, B. S., resident engineer, quoted by Dana, .1. I>.. Am. .lour. Sci., 3d ser.. vol. 21. p. 435.
cRept. New York aqueduct commission, 1887 L895, p. 88, sheet 32. No. 292 had 20 feet and No. 293'
had 4U feet of "lime rock or marble."
HARLEM RIVER FRONT AND SECTIONS.
43
Summary of records of borings made in New York <ut<l vicinity — Continued.
1. BORINGS BENEATH CHANNELS ON WATER FRONT— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
HARLEM RIVER FRONT AND SEC-
TIONS— continue* 1 .
Macomb' s dam, Central Bridge.a
Near east bulkhead line — Cont'd.
West pier
Central pier
East pier
On line AOOfeet east of Central Bridge. '•
Al >out 100 feet east of west shore
30
-24
-27
-27 to -29
Middle of river
East shore
600 feet east of east shore.
2,400 feet east of west shore
2,800 feet east of west shore
N. V. C. R. R. bridge.
Shermans Creek c
r-2i
' l -23f
- 6 to
-38. 2
-43. 1
-74.9
-51
U5th street bridge, d
West approach pier
West rest pier
Center pier
East rest pier
East approach pier
Rapid-transit tunnel, e
1,000 feet west of bulkhead line. .
600 feet west of bulkhead line
West bulkhead line
Center of channel
75 feet west of east bulkhead line.
150 feet east of east bulkhead line.
300 feet east of east bulkhead line.
900 feet east of east bulkhead line.
120
-61.8
66.7
61.38
-63. 05
-75. 08
33
27
30
30
25
9
u
Gneiss.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
No rock.
White marble.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Hardpan.
Limestone.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
No rock.
Limestone
Do.
aGay, Martin, assistant engineer, New York department of bridges .'..■. 1cfi0 „ --.
6 Department of public parks, quoted by Russell, I. C, Annals New ^ ork Acad. Sci., vol. 2, 1X82, p. 76,
assumes that borings are referred to mean low water. .,,..., hllt(.A.n)
c Chase, F. L., engineer of bridges, New York Central Railroad. Piles go down 120 feet, but do not
reach rock.
d Allen, F. W., engineer for contractor.
eRice, Geo. 8., acting chief engineer, rapid transit commission.
44
ROCK FLOOR OF GRFATER NFW YORK.
[bull. 27$
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
1. BORINGS BENEATH CHANNELS ON WATER FRONT Continued^
Location.
Depth of boring lt» rock.
Kind of rook,
Serial
num-
ber.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
if known.
318
319
HARLEM RIVER FRONT AND SEC-
TIONS— continued.
Madison avenut bridge, a
First pier from New York side. . .
Central pier
-75
-71. 7
-57. 5
- 73
- 69
- 55
+ 20
50
104
70
+ 20
4!)
— 41
No rock.
Do.
Do.
Gneiss.
Rock or bo
Do.
NO lock.
( Jneiss.
( ineiss.
No rock.
Do.
Do.
Limestone.
320
321
Pier at north end
Park avt nue bridge. &
West shore . .
322
South shore (in river)
wider.
323
Central pier
324
Pier near Bronx shore
325
50 feet north of above
326
Third avenue bridgt ,c
South rest pier
327
Second avt nut bridgt . d
South pier
328
Central pier
45
329
North bulkhead line
- 40
- 78
330
Willis avt nut bridgt .r
Center pier
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN.
Lint of subway, on or near Broadway. e
Whitehall street —
331
North line of South street
Battery Park-
-22.2
-16
Gneiss.
332
Southeast corner Whitehall
street.
-15
— 7
Do.
333
About 200 feet southwest of 332.
-12.5
- 4
Do.
334
450 feet west of 332 and 200 feet
south of State street.
-32
-22
Do.
"Boiler, A. P., consulting engineer, and Eugene McLean, engineer of comptroller's office.
i> Boiler, a. P., consulting engineer.
'■Byrne, E. A., assistant city engineer, New York, other piers of Third avenue bridge at same
depth as 326 rest upon bowlders,
''('roes, J. J. r., chief engineer.
f Rice, Ceo. s., acting chief engineer, rapid transit com mission. Wash borings.
LINE OF SUBWAY.
45
Summary of records of boring* made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Serial
num-
ber.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
35]
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
Line of subway , on or near Broadway — Con.
•
Battery Park — Continued.
Corner State and Whitehall
streets.
Pearl street
-16.5
20
22.4
-14.2
-35. 2
-51.5
-63. 1 1
-50. 1
-70
-70.7
-70.9
-70.3
-76.8
-83. 2
-81.6
13
- s
8
14
i)
23
35
28
- 29
- 12
- 11
- 14
8
8
6
14
- 9
- 8
- 9
- 2
- 8
1!)
-27
-24
-33
-34
-36
-37
-43
-49
-44
26
30
19
20
23
8
- 6
1
- 1
18
19
18
26
26
26
16
( iiiciss.
Do.
Bridge street
Do.
State street 50 feet south of Bat-
tery place.
Morris street
Do.
Do.
Exchange place
Do.
Rector street
Do.
Wall street
Do.
Pine street
Do.
Cedar street
Do.
Liberty street
Do.
Cortlandt street
Rock or bowlder.
Dey street
Do.
Fulton street
Do.
Vese v street
Do.
Line of subway, on Lexington avenue.a
15th street
Kith street
17th street
18th street
19th street
20th street.
21st street
22d street
23d street
24th street
25th street
26th street
27th street ,
28th street.
29th street
30th street
«Rice, Geo. S., acting chief engineer, rapid transit commission,
itermined.
Wash borings; nature of rock not
46
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[BULL. 270.
Summary of record* of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Line of subway, on Lexington avt nue—Con.
31s1 street
32d street
33d street
34th street
35th street
36th street
37th street
38th street
39thstree1
40th street
Hsl si reet
r.< 1 st reet
44tli street
45th st reet
1*51 li street i L20 feel cast)
47tli street
Halfway between 48th and 49th
streets.
I9thstree1
50thstree1
51st st reet
52d street
53d street
54th street
55th street
56th street
57th street
58th street
59th street
60th street
61 st street
62d street
63d street
64th street
65th street
66th street
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
-33
6
li;
9
L3
12
- 3
3
L5
- 8
-10
-13
-18
I.
1
i:,
I
3
3
24
- 3
- 5
- 5
is
27
-34
-33
-18
-26
-11
-13
-12
-17
41
-26
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
3
24
19
34
43
51
61
61
40
43
34
32
28
42
45
31
47
46
15
22
39
38
38
25
13
27
21
37
38
40
37
16
41
Kind of rock, if known.
9 Rock.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
LINE OF SUBWAY.
47
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
| 424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
Location.
Line of subway, on Lexington avenue— Con
67th street
68th street
69th street
70th street
71st street
72d street
73d street
74th street
75th street
76th street
77th street
78th street
79th street
80th street
81st street
82d street
83d street
84th street
85th street
86th street
87th street
88th street
89th street
90th street
91st street
92d street
93d street
94th street
95th street
96th street
97th street
98th street
99th street
100th street
101st street
102d street
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
- 4
69
— 9
72
-10
73
-21
60
21)
58
-11
55
-13
50
-29
25
-22
31
-32
23
-16
42
-18
41
- 4
57
- 4
67
- 3
76
- 2
82
- 9
SO
- 9
77
- 8
78
4
83
10
76
L2
76
25
63
12
76
-18
69
- 3
90
- 9
83
— 7
80
- 6
73
-10
54
- 9
45
- 9
49
- 3
57
-10
52
- 3
49
- 8
37
Kind of rock, if known.
Rock.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
I )o.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
48
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[BULL. 270.
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Serial
Dum-
ber.
Location.
437
43S
439
440
HI
442
443
444
445
446
447
148
44U
Lint of subway, on Lexington avenue— Can,
103(1 street
104th street
L05th street
100th street
L07th strot-t
losth street
109th street
I 10th street
111th street
I L2th street
113th street
114th street
I I 5th street
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
458
459
460
461
462
I. in> of subway, mi tioth strut."
450 About 270 feet east of Lexington
avenue.
-151 About 00 feet west of Park avenue
-152 About 231) feet east of I 'ark avenue
About 30 feet east of Madison
avenue.
About 160 feet west of Fifth
avenue.
155 About lso feet east of Fifth avenue.
About510feeteast of Fifthavenue.
About 00 feet west of Lenox
avenue.
I. hit of subway, on SUh street.**
West side of First avenue
About 325 feet east of Second
avenue.
About 275 feet east of Second
avenue.
About 50 feet east of Second
avenue.
About halfway between Second
and Third avenues.
4
42
-51
02
Referred
to U.S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
-15
-41
-17
25
-52
02
I '.i
-70
-27
- 4
-22
-28
24
-12
14
3
43
17
Kind of rock, if known.
13
Rock.
-30
Do.
-37
Do.
44
Do.
-30
No rock
-38
Do.
35
Do.
-15
Do.
-27
Rock.
-25
No rock
-30
Do.
-18
Rock.
Do.
Do.
39
Do.
48
Do.
31
Xo rock
Do.
Rock.
No rock.
Do.
-18
Rock.
10
Do.
— 7
Do.
-11
Do.
1
Do.
a Rice, Geo. S., acting chief engineer, rapid transit commission. Wash borings; nature of rod
determined.
PROFILE ALONG BROADWAY.
49
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN-Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock,
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
Line of subway, on SUh street— Continued.
East side of Third avenue
Fourth avenue
Middle of Park avenue
Madison avenue
Fifth avenue
About halfway between Fifth
avenue and Astor court.
About halfway between Astor
court and Sixth avenue.
West side of Broadway
About 300 feet east of Seventh
avenue.
Seventh avenue
About halfway between Seventh
and Eighth avenues.
Eighth avenue
About 400 feet east of Ninth
avenue.
Ninth avenue
Profile along Broadway—Barclay street to
38d streets'
o
9
-5 to 29
2
0
21
- 15
6
2
2
32
- 31
11
• 10
25
34
16 to 60
43
52
30
34
Rock.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
40
Do.
40
Do.
39
Do.
6
Do,
4
Do.
31
Do.
37
Do.
Barclay street - 10, 15 65 Rock or bowlder.
Parkplace -112.5 -75 Do.
Murray street —113.5 -75 Do.
Warrenstreet —109.2 -71 Do.
Chambers street —100.75 -65 Do.
Reade street -116 - 82 Do.
Duane street -167.25 -131 Do.
Thomas street -138.5 -104 Do.
Worth street -147.5 -110 Do.
Leonard street -95 —60 Do.
Franklin street - 83. 45 — 53 Do.
Whitestreet -105.5 - 80 Do,
Walker street -107.2 - 88 Do,
Lispenard street -68.25 -55 Do.
Canalstreet -87.5 -74 Do.
a Parsons, W. B., Trans. Am. Soc. Civil Eng., vol. 28, 1893, pp. 13-18, pi. 6,
Bull. 270—05 4
50 HOCK FLOOK OF GREATER NEW YORK. I"™. *1
Summary of records of tarings made in New Yorl and ^-Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN-Continucd.
. :
49
493
494
495
496
497
198 Bleecker streel
499 Bond street
500 3d street
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
Washington pla<
Waverly place
Astor place
Clinton place
9th >treet
10th street
11th street
L2th street
13th street
14th street
17th street
L8th street.
19th street.
20th street.
21st streel -
22d street .
23d street .
24th street
25th street
26th street
27th street
28th street
29th street
30th street
...
- 21.5
- 24
- 19.2
a From profile;
L6.7
figure given.
FOUNDATIONS OF TALL KUILDINGS.
51
Summary of records of borings made in New York and uicmity— Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Depth
)f boring to rock.
Serial
num-
ber.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
Profile along Broadway— Barclay
street to 33d street — Continued.
•
526
31st street
33
Rock or bowlder.
527
32d street
37
41
Do.
528
33d street
-40
Do.
Foundations of tall buildings.
529
New custom-house, Battery
place. a
-32 to
-40
Gneiss.
530
Battery place building, be-
tween West and Washing-
ton streets. b
<:3
-43
-41
Do.
531
Hallenbeck building, Park
and Pearl streets. c
-40
-25
Rock not sounded.
532
Corn Exchange (addition),
Beaver and Williams
streets. d
-35
-19
Rock, presumably
gneiss.
533
Blair building, Broad street
and Exchange place. e
45
-29
Rock.
534
Broad-Exchange, southeast
corner Exchange place and
Broad street. °
f-41 j
J— 49.6
48.8,
—46
-31
Gneiss.
535
Wall Street Exchange, north
side Exchange place, be-
tween Williams and Broad
streets. °
r— 41. li
-43. 6
' -46. 5
-42.3.
—43
-26
Do.
536
Bank of State of New York,
Exchange place, between
Broadand Williams streets./
-40
-22
Do.
537
New York Stock Exchange,
Broad street, near Wall
street. Q
-60
-29
Do.
538
Atlantic Mutual building,
Wall and Williams streets. ^
—51 to
-55
-22 to -26
Do.
539
Hanover National Bank, Pine
and Nassau streets. *
- 28 to
-48
6to-14
Rock.
a Fry, Capt. A. B., chief engineer and superintendent United States public buildings No. 156,
:>st-office building.
foPurdy, C. T., consulting engineer, Geo. A. Fuller Construction Company.
o Engineering Record, vol. 47, 1903, p. 377.
d Robertson & Potter, architects, 160 Fifth avenue. Engineering Record, vol. 45, 1902, p, 557,
e Engineering Record, vol. 46, 1902, p. 227. Rock believed to be gneiss,
/Idem, p. 299.
©Idem, p. 155. Maximum depth below new street curb.
h Idem, vol. 42, 1900, pp. 157-158.
i Idem, vol. 45, 1902, p. 298. Rock presumably gneiss.
52 BOOK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicimty-Contmned
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN-Continued.
[BULL.27C
Serial
num
ber.
Depth of boring to rock.
Location.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
546a
5466
546c
546(7
Foundations of taUbuUdings— Cont'd.
Johnston building, southwest
corner Broad street and Ex-
change place."
Empire building, 71 Broadway,
near Rector street.''
Gillender building, northwest
corner Walland Nassau streets, c
NewYorkStock Exchange, Broad
and New streets. d
Stok.- building, Williams and
Cedar streets."
Mutual Life building, Nassau.
1 Lberty, and Cedar streets./
Broadway —
Washington Life building, be-
tween Cedar and Liberty
streets.6
Southwest corner W alker
street. 0
Plot -176 (near Grand and
Broome streets).
Southeast corner 20th street. .. .
Lot438 West 39th street (south
aide, between Ninth and
Tenth avenues).
35
54
60
48
-100
- 75
39
39
-19
1!)
45
Kind of rock, if know!
29
-22
-63
-40
L9
546<
547
54 S
549
550
Park
Bowery, northwest corner
Spring street.
Park Row building/ L3
row. '
American Tract Society building,
Nassau and Spruce streets.*
Morse building, Nassau and
Beekman streets. J
33to-22
15to-19
- 39
86
-100
21 to 10
- 35.5
45
47
Rock.
No rock.
Rock.
Do.
Do.
Do.
No rock.
Do.
Rock or howlde
Do.
No rock.
Rock or bowldi
No rock.
6.5
-U
Do.
Rock.
Standard building, Broadway
and New street. A;
a Engineering Record, vol. 32. 1895. p. 117.
bGrataeap, L. P., Geol. City of New York, pp. 10-12. M .
o Engineering Record, vol. 35, 1897. p 140 Rock, V™uurtto JgJb Rock and hardpa
dldem, vol. 44, 1901, p. 289. Average depth below new street ( nro. kou
ddem, vol. 34, L896, p. 184. Hock, presumably gneiss.
/Idem, vol.45. 1902. p. 368. (Maximum.) .....x 70*707 Broadway.
y Records 546a-^546< furnished by Mr. Robert Maynicke, architect, 726-727 Broaaway.
ft Robertson & Potter, architects, 160 Fifth avenue.
''Engineering Record, vol. 38, 1898, p. L66.
fcldeS; vol! 34i 18%; £uro-108. Average depth: rock presumably gneiss.
FOUNDATIONS OF TALL BUILDINGS.
53
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN-Continued.
Serial
num-
ber.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred
to U.S.
datum,
Sandj
Hook.
Kind of rock,
if known.
Foundations of tall buihlinys — Cont'd.
551
American Exchange National
Bank, Broadway and Cedar
street."
70
-33
Rock.
552
Exchange court building, 52-56
Broadway. b
-16
No rock.
553
Manhattan Life building, 64-68
Broadway, between Exchange
place and Wall street. e
- 43
- 9
Gneiss.
554
American Surety building,
Broadway and Pine street. a
- 68
-30
Do.
555
R. G. Dun building, northeast
corner Broadway and Reade
streets. e
-105
—83
Rock.
556
Meyer-Jonassen building, Broad-
way and 12th street./
25 to -55
19 to -11
Mica-schist.
557
Decker building, northwest cor-
ner 16th street and Union
square. 0
15
26
Rock.
558
Warehouse building, 6 east 18th
street, near Fifth avenue. h
37
3
No rock.
559
Flatiron building, 22d to 23d
streets, between Fifth avenue
and Broadway. *
35
Rock.
560
Siegel-Cooper building, Sixth
avenue, 18th to 19th streets. J
16 to -28
17 to - 5
Do.
561
Hospital, Second avenue, 17th to
18th streets.*
22.5
0
Do.
562
Y. M. C. A. building, 23d and
24th streets and Fourth ave-
nue. 1
4 to -16
17 to -29
Gneiss.
563
Court of Appeals building, Madi-
son avenue and 25th street. m
7.2
29
Do.
a Engineering Record, vol. 40, 1899, p. 463. " Rock or hardpan."
b Idem, vol. 38. 1898, pp. 35-36. Pile's driven 50 feet.
cGratacap, L. P., Geol. City of New York, pp. 10-12; about 50 feet according to Engineering Record,
ol. 30, 1894, p. 189.
rf Engineering Record, vol. 33, 1896, p. 81: -71 according to Gratacap, L. P., Geol. City of New York,
p. 10-12.
e Idem, vol. 37, 1898, p. 211. " Rock or hardpan."
/Idem, vol. 33, 1896, p. 315. Verv irregular surface, varies 6 to 8 feet in distances of 15 feet. About
e middle of the building there was a kind of pocket in the rock, a V-shaped section about 10 feel
.'ide at top and 10 feet deep, beginning near the south side of the site and running northwest, so
sat the rock surface sloped in three directions. Rock " rotten mica -schist."
<j Idem, vol. 45, 1902, p. 442. Rock presumably gneiss.
^Idem, p. 87.
*Idem, p. 298. Cellar excavated to this depth.
ildem, vol. 34, 1896, p. 315. Rock presumably gneiss.
fc Robertson, R. H., architect, 160 Fifth avenue,
assau street.
Fifth avenue. (Average depth.)
■xmuriBuii, i\. ii., mi. uncut, iuu
I Boiler & Hodge, engineers, 1 Nt
» Wills, Chas. T., builder, 156 Fifi
54
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[BULL. 270.
Nummary of records of borings madt in AV/r York and vicinity — Continued.
->. BOKlNtiS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.-
Serial
nuin-
)>er.
Depth of boring to fock.
Location.
A s given.
Referred to
I'. S. datum.
Sandy Hook.
Kind of tock, if
known.
Foundations of tall buildings— Cont'd.
564
Park Realty building, <>.">d streel
and Madison avenue."
-30 to -40
Rock.
565
Fabbri residence, Easl <ilM streel
near Fifth avenue. /(
30to 40
23 to 13
Do.
566
Ansonia Hotel. 23d street and
Broadway, near curb. '
-72
-35
567
Hotel Belmont, southwest corner
Park avenue and 42d street,
near curl>.'/
-20
33
568
Center 41st streel opposite Hotel
Belmont, on west side Park
avenue."'
- 5
58
569
Macy building, 34th and 35th
streets on B road way. «
-26
21
570
[mperial Hotel extension. Broad-
way between 31s1 and 32d
streets..''
Kil'th avenue <.l —
3 to— 30
39 to 12
570a
Northwest corner 14th street. . .
-11 to 22
25 to 14
Rock or
der.
bowl]
570 ft
Plots 87-89, between 16th and
17th streets.
L2to 21
29 to 20
Do.
570c
Northeast corner 17th street ...
L9to 28
21 to 12
Do.
570d
Southeast corner 17th street ...
is to 23
2:; to is
Do.
570<
Southeast corner L8th street . . .
into 36
20 to 3
Do.
570/
Northwest corner 18th street ..
17 to 27
23 to L3
Do.
570p
Southwest corner L8th street . .
12 to 31
28 to 9
Do.
570 h
southwest corner 19th street . .
23 to 27
L7to 13
Do.
o7o;
North we-t corner I'M 1 1 street ..
-21 to 32
19to 8
Do.
570 j
Lot L37 (28f feel north of 20th
street).
34 to —43
7 to 2
Soft rock.
570 A;
Southeasl corner 20th street ...
-33 to -36
9 to 6
Do.
7,70/
Southwest corner 22d street
-30to — 34
8 to 4
Rock or
der.
bowl-
r,7o„
Northwest corner 52d street
-37 to— 44
8 to 1
Do.
o Engineering Record, vol. 11. L901, p. L2. Below the bottom of the cellar of the old building which
formerly occupied the site. Rock presumably gneiss.
b idem, vol. 39, 1898, p. 31. old stream valley. Rock presumably gneiss.
ddem, vol. 47, 1902. pp. 50-51. 'Cellar excavated in solid rock:" depths approximate.
rildem, p. 146. "Rock surface rises toward south at steep angle."
eldem, vol. 18, 1903, p. 332. I Maximum.)
/Idem, vol. 49, 1901. p. 184. Surface "very irregular, dropping vertically several feet in a nuinher
Of the pits. Many seams were encountered which were filled with chlorite of the consistency of voft
putty."
a Records 570a-5702 furnished by Mr. Robert Maynicke, architect, 726-727 Broadway, New York City.
MJ8.1
FOUNDATIONS OF TALL BUILDINGS.
55
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Serial
num-
ber.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
Referred
to U. S.
Kind of rock, if known.
As given.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Foundations of tall buildings — Cont'd.
West of Fifth avenue—
570/j
00 feet on 17th street, north side
- 20
20
Rock or bowlder.
570 q
184 feet west of 570 g
-24
15
Do.
570 r
335 feet west of 570/
25
14
Do.
570 s
65 feet west of 570/
- 25
14
Do.
570 1
570 u
220 feet on 19th street
24
21
15
18
Do.
320 feet west of 570 h. . . •.
Do.
570 y
570.1-
125 feet west of 570 t
25
21
14
18
Do.
400 feet west of 570 h
Do.
570*/
5702
245 feet on 20th street
- 18
11
Do.
100 feet west of 570 y
- 16
23
Rock.
On Una of 31st street.a
Near Ninth avenue —
571
20 feet east of east line (core) . .
336. 1
39
Gneiss.
572
250 feet east of east line (core) .
329. 4
32
Do.
573
500 feet east of cast line (core) .
287.6
-10
Do.
574
740 feet east of cast line
Near Eighth avenue —
304
6
Do.
575
576
90 feet east of east line
290. 4
290. 3
- 7
7
Do.
420 feet east of east line
Do.
577
580 feet east of east line -------
304. 5
/
Do.
578
740 feet east < >f east line
On line ofS2d street.
Near Twelfth avenue —
313. 9
16
Do.
579
East side (core)
1ST. 3
-110
Gneiss.
580
300 feet east of east line (core) .
235.7
- 62
Do.
581
Bulkhead line (D-l)
181.9
289.6
-116
8
Do.
582
Near Eleventh avenue, west line.
Do.
583
East line
289.8
303
— 8
- 15
Do.
584
300 feet east of east line
Do.
a Records 571-657 on 31st, 32d, 33d, and 34th streets reported by A. Noble and (has. M Jacobs, chief
engineers. Depths referred to datum 300 feet below mean high water, except r>9/-620 and 629-bo4
referred to mean high water. Nos. 574-578, 581-596. and 621-628 are borings by Davis calyx drill.
5(5
BOCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK,
[bull. 270. '
Summary of records of boring* made in New York mul vicinity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
Kind of re
Serial
num-
ber.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
ck, if known.
On lint ofS2d street — Continued.
Near Tenth avenue —
585
150 feet west of west line
290. 9
— 7
( Gneiss.
586
150 feel easl <>f cast line
320. 9
23
Do.
587
400 feet east of east line
335
37
Do.
588
700 feet east of east line
Near Ninth avenue —
340. 9
43
Do.
589
120 feet east of east line
320. 6
23
Do.
590
350 feel east of east line
327. 8
30
Do.
591
550 feet east of east line
323.6
26
Do.
592
720 feet east of east line
Near Eighth avenue —
311.8
14
Do.
593
90 feet east of east line
292
6
Do.
594
340 feet east of east line
282.8
15
Do.
595
550 feet east of east line
311.3
11
Do.
596
760 feet east of east line
321. 1
24
Do.
51)7
Near Fifth avenue, west line
( wash).
- 1
3
Rock or
bowlder.
598
Halfway to Broadway (core) ..
38
40
( rneiss.
599
Near Sixth avenue, west line
( wash).
10
12
Rock <>r
bowlder.
600
200 feet west of west line(core).
31
33
Gneiss.
601
Halt block west (core)
14
16
Do.
602
Seventh avenue, east line | cure | . .
30
32
Do.
603
Third avenue, west line (wash >..
_ 2
4
Rock or
bowlder.
604
Hallway to Lexington avenue
( wash ) .
- 15
13
Do.
605
606
Lexington avenue (core)
Wash
1 1 1
O GO OC
2
Gneiss.
Do.
607
Fourth avenue, east line (core) ..
608
West line (wash )
C"
} •
Rock or
bowlder.
609
Halfway to Madison avenue
(wash).
7
9
Do.
610
Madison avenue (core)
- 21
30
2
} 2S
0
Gneiss.
Do.
611
Wash
612
Halfway to Fifth avenue (core) .
tlttfc OF THtRTY-THIftf) STBEM.
m
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
Kind of ro
Serial
num-
ber.
As given.
Referred
to U.S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
ck, if known.
On line of S2d street— Conti nued .
613
Fifth avenue, east line (core)
- 0
2
Gneiss.
614
First avenue, west line (core) . . .
13
15
Do.
615
Halfway to Second ave. ( wash ) .
3
5
Rock or
bowlder.
616
Second avenue ( core )
<_>•
6
< rneiss.
617
Halfway to Third avenue ( wash )
- 16
- 14
Rock or
bowlder.
618
Third avenue, east line (core) . . .
1
3
Gneiss.
619
Bulkhead line, foot of 32d street
(core).
-112
-110
Do.
620
First avenue, 100 feet east of east
line (core).
On line of 33d street.
Near Ninth avenue—
4
• 2
Do.
621
20 feet east of east line
334. 4
37
Gneiss.
622
240 feet east of east line
324. 4
27
Do.
623
475 feet east of east line
332. 7
35
Do.
624
720 feet east of east line
Near Eighth avenue —
322.6
25
Do.
625
626
70 feet east of east line
282. 5
286. 9
- 15
11
Do.
Do.
370 feet east of east line
627
570 feet east of east line
330
32
Do.
628
770 feet east of east line
334. 2
37
Do.
629
Near Fifth avenue, west line
(core).
23
25
Do.
630
100 feet west of west line (wash ) .
3
5
Rock or
bowlder.
631
600 feet west of west line (core) .
- 15
17
Gneiss.
1 632
Broadway, east line (core)
- 34
36
Do.
633
Near Sixth avenue, west line
(wash).
- 32
34
Rock or
bowlder.
634
500 feet west of west line (wash ) .
■2:
26
Do.
635
575 feet west of west line (core) .
— 5
5
( rneiss.
636
Seventh avenue, east line (wash) .
- 56
38
Rock or
bowlder.
637
Near Third avenue, west line
( wash ) .
- 3
5
Do.
638
Half block west (wash)
-- 6
8
Do.
58 ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK. [bull. 270.
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH <>F MANHATTAN— Continued.
Serial
num-
ber.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock,
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
639
640
(141
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
On lint ofSSd street — Continued.
Near Lexington avenue (wash)..
Core
I lalf block west ( core)
Near Fourth avenue — '
LOO feel west of west line (core).
Madison avenue i wash )
Core
Fifth avenue, east line (wash)...
Near First avenue | core)
Halfway to Second avenue
(wash i.
Near Second avenue, east line
(wash).
West line (core)
Halfway to Third avenue! wash i
Third avenue, easl line ( core) . . .
Bulkhead line (core i
First avenue, east line
Pierhead line
On line of Sl,th street.
Pierhead line I wash >
First avenue, LOO feel east of east
line i core |.
West side. 75 feet south of south
line 34th streel I core ).
Along Fourth art nut .<>
14th street
15th street
16th street
17th street
18th street
19th street
20th street
21st street
22d street
20
isf
11
41
24
26
36
13
5
24
2
1
9
96
21
L63
141)
32
10
Hi
8
K)
15
15
10
9
17
23
h
13
43
27
38
11
3
22
4
1
11
94
19
101
138
30
( rheiss.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Rock or bowlder.
( rneiss.
Rock or bowlder.
Do.
( rneiss.
Rock or bowlder.
( rneiss.
Do.
Do.
No rock.
Rock or bowlder.
( rneiss.
Do.
35
Gneiss.
35
Do.
30
Do.
25
. Do.
23
Do.
23
Do.
23
Do.
15
Do.
10
Do.
aGraether, L. F., Atlas of building laws of United States, New
scaled irom section. Rock, gneiss interstratified with graniteand
York. vol. 1, pi. 2. Depths (■
anthophyllite.
RIVERSIDE PARK EXTENSION.
59
Ktaitmart/ of records of borings made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OP MANHATTAN— Continued.
Serial
num-
ber.
Location.
Depth of bofifig to rock.
Referred
to U. S.
Kind of rock, if known.
As given.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
'
Along Fotirth avenue — Continued.
667
23d street
—27
8
668
24th street
-30
0
Do.
669
670
25th street
-20
-17
10
16
Do
26th street
Do.
671
27th street
-15
25
Do.
672
673
28th street
-12
-17
24
23
Do
29th street
Do.
674
675
676
677
678
679
30th street
-25
-30
-15
- 8
- 5
0
15
8
25
35
57
70
Do.
31st street
Do.
32d street
Do.
33d street
Do.
34th street
Do.
35th street
Do.
Riverside Park extension, a
Twelfth avenue —
680
Southwest corner 137th street. .
-27
-15
Rock or bowlder
! 681
682
: 683
3 feet west of 680
-31. 50
-32
41.50
-19
20
29
Do.
100 feet north of 680
Do.
Southeast corner 138th street. . .
Do.
684
Northeast corner 138th street. .
44. 66
:;i
Do.
685
160 feet southeast of 684
-38
-26
Do.
686
687
100 feet east of 685
27. 50
-29
-16
-17
Do.
160 feet northeast of 684
Do.
688
689
! 690
100 feet north of 687
-33
-27
- 8
-21
—15
4
Do.
100 feet north of 684
Do.
Northeast corner 139th street. .
Do.
691
692
693
2 feet west of 690
-10
- 8.50
-11
3
1
Do.
2 feet east of 690
Do.
100 feet north of 139th street. . .
Do.
694
695
696
697
698
in
3 feet we'st of 693
-15
-32
-37.16
-15
-15
ineer, 25 Broac
- 3
-20
-26
- 3
- 3
1 street; \vi
Do.
140th street
Do.
100 feet north of 695
Do.
141st street
Do.
3 feet north of 697
Do.
a Williamson, F. S., consulting eng
ish borings.
6(1
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
{wlL>76.
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Riverside Park eaiensum—i iontinued
Twelfth avenue — Continued.
3 feet north of 698
50 feet north of 007
S tret east of 700
2 feet east of 701
50 feet north of 700
55 feet north of 697
4 feet north of 704
50 feel north of 705
142d street
7»> feet north of 707
30 feet north of 70S
100 feel north of 707 ........
5i) feel north of 710
50 feel north of 711
L43d street
4 feet south of 713
25 feet north of 713..
50 feet north of 715
5 feet north of 716
25 tret north of 717
100 feet north of 713
25 feet north of 710
25 feet north of 720
5 feet north of 721
5 feet east < »f 722
20 feet north of 722
5 feet north of 724
25 feet north of 725
144th street
5 feet north of 727
25 feet north of 728
25 feet north of 729
25 feet north of 730
100 feet north of 727
Depth of boring to rock
As given.
-18.50
12.:;:;
18.50
■18
17
-28. 50
-16.75
-13
33.50
31. Hi
-29
-18.75
-33
28.33
-25
22. 5
20. 66
-12
11
S. 50
- 8
s
s
9.16
11.50
8.33
- 5
0. 50
o. it;
8
s. 50
o
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandv
Hook.
• 6
5
17
5
1
-22
10
17
7
21
10
-lo-
ll
15
0
1
:;
4
-1
4
:>
0
4
7
6
4
2
3
4
3
3
Kind of rock, if known.
Rock or bowlder.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
• Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
RIVERSIDE PARK EXTENSION.
61
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
Serial
num-
ber.
As given.
Referred
to V. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
! 744
745
746
747
748
749
i 750
751
752
753
754
\ 755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
Riverside Park extension — Continued.
Twelfth avenue — Continued.
10 feet north of 732
- 8.50
-12.50
— 9.66
— 9
- 7.50
— 7
— 6
- 5.50
-13. 33
10.33
- 7.33
6.50
i
- 8.50
-10. 16
- 8.66
-12. 33
-15
8.33
12.50
-15.66
-16
-14.50
-12
-14. 50
-19.16
-17.50
-18.50
—21. 50
-19. 50
-15
-10.50
- 9.16
- 2
3
- 1
2
3
4
5
6
6
- 1
2
5
5
5
3
2
3
0
- 3
4
- 1
- 4
- 4
- 3
0
- 3
- 7
- 6
— 7
-10
- 9
- 3
- 1
3
10
25 feet north of 733
Do.
Do
50 feet north of 734
Southeast corner 145th street . .
25 feet north of 736
Do.
Do
5 feet north of 737
25 feet north of 738
Do.
Do.
5 feet north of 739
Do.
25 feet north of 740 . r.
Do.
25 feet north of 741
Do.
Northeast corner 145th street . .
25 feet north of 743
Do.
Do.
25 feet north of 744
Do.
25 feet north of 745
Do.
100 feet north of 743
Do.
25 feet north of 747
Do.
25 feet north of 748
Do.
25 feet north of 749
Do.
146th street
Do.
50 feet north of 751
Do.
25 feet north of 752
Do.
100 feet north of 751
Do.
25 feet north of 754
Do.
25 feet north of 755
Do.
147th street
Do.
25 feet north of 757
Do.
25 feet north of 758
Do.
100 feet north of 757
Do.
50 feet north of 760
Do.
148th street
Do.
25 feet north of 762
Do.
25 feet north of 763
Do.
25 feet north of 764
Rock in sight.
100 feet north of 762
Do.
62
R(KK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[Bru..'270j
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Serial
num-
ber.
Location.
707
768
769
770
771
772
77:;
774
775
776
777
77^
770
780
7S|
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
790
800
Rivt rsicU Park extt nsion — Continued.
Twelfth avciim — Continued.
50 feel north of 766
25 feet north of 767
140th street
25 feel north of 769
L2 feel north of 770
25 feet north of 771
i:i feel north of 772
25 feel north of 77:;
100 feel north of 769
25 feel north of 775
25 feel north of 776
25 feel north of 777
25 feel north of 778
L50th street
25 feel north of 780
25 feel north of 78]
25 fret north of 782
100 feel north of 780
25 feet north of 784
25 feel north of 785
25 feet north of 786
15 1st street
25 feel north of 788
25 feet north of 789
3 feet north of 790
22 feet north of 701
25 feet north of 702
125 feet north of 788
25 feet north of 794
25 feet north of 705
25 feet north of 796
Southeast corner L52d street .
25 feet north of 70S
6 feet north of 799
Depth of boring to rock
As given.
- 2
- 2
0
4
4. 50
- 5.50
4.50
- 5.50
5
5. 16
5.50
- 6.50
L50
4.66
- 5
- 4
3.66
- 5
5. 33
- 4.50
4.66
- 5
- 3
3.50
- 5.16
5
4.66
5.50
- 7
6.16
5.50
7. 50
8
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known
Rock in sight.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Rock or bowlder.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do,
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
>BBS.]
RIVERSIDE PARK EXTENSION.
63
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued
2. BORINGS IN THP: BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Depth of boring to rock.
Location
Riverside Park extension— Continued.
Twelfth avenue — Continued.
19 feet north of 800
Northeast corner 152d street. . .
25 feet north of 802
15 feet west of 803
25 feet north of 802
25 feet north of 805
25 feet north of 806
125 feet north of 802
25 feet north of 808
25 feet north of 809
25 feet north of 810
Southeast corner 153d street. . .
Northeast corner 153d street...
25 feet north of 813
25 feet north of 814
25 feet north of 815
100 feet north of 813
5 feet north of 817
20 feet north of SIS
25 feet north of 819
25 feet north of 820
25 feet north of 821
4 feet west of 822
125 feet north of 817
25 feet north of 824
25 feet north of 825
3 feet west of 826
25 feet north of 827
25 feet north of 828
25 feet north of 829
5 feet north of 830
25 feet north of 831
25 feet north of 832
25 feet north of 833 .......... .
As given.
8.16
10. 33
10. 66
7.50
9.16
7. 66
8.50
7.66
- 8
7.16
s. 33
14. 16
•22. 50
- 7
19. 10
-20
12.66
17.50
17
-21
•16. 50
-11. 16
-20. 66
21. 50
23
9.16
22. 50
22. 16
21. 50
12
19
-17. 50
16
-16. 50
Referred
to U.S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
Roc
k or bowlder.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do,
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
64
ROOK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[bull. 270
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
Kind of rock, if known.
Serial
num-
ber.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
(latum,
Sandy
Hook.
Riverside Park extt nsion— Continued.
Twelfth avenue — Continued.
•t north of 834
22.66
- 32. 10
-12
-15
22
-13.50
-20. 50
— 7
- 9.50
L9.66
22. 33
12
-25.50
26
21.:;:;
LSI. 50
11
22. 10
-22
20 ;:;
8.50
L6.66
17.50
-17
16.00
-18
-17
-19.66
-13.25
-13. 50
-10.16
- 8.50
5. 50
6
-15
-24
- 4
- 7
-14
- 6
-13
1
- 2
-12
-14
- 4
-18
-18
-13
-12
- 6
-14
14
-12
1
- 9
10
- 9
- 9
-10
- 9
-12
- 5
- 6
- 2
1
2
o
Rock or bowlder. 1
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do- b
Do- t
Do-
D"-
Do-
Do.
Do-
Do-
Do-
Do-
Do.
Do. |
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do-
Do.
Do.
Do-
Do. I
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
836
25 feet north of 835
837
838
Southeast corner 155th street . .
3 feet west of 837
839
50 feet north of 837
S40
841
7d fret east of northeast corner
of L55th street.
6 feet west of 840
842
100 feet east of S40
843
5 feet west of 842
S44
50 feel north of 842
845
50 feet north of S41
846
100 feet north of 840
S47
6 feet west of 846
848
25 feet north of 846
849
25 feet north of 848
850
25 feet north of 849
851
852
Southeast corner 156th street ..
7 feet south of 851
853
45 feet south of 851
854
855
25 feet north of 853
25 feet nort h of 854
856
5 feet north of 855
857
20 feet north of 856
858
25 feet north of 857
859
25 feet north of 858
860
200 feet north of 851
' 861
25 feet north of 860
862
25 feet north of 861
863
25 feet north of 862 .
864
5 feet north of 863 .
865
20 feet north of 864
866
25 feet north of 865 . .
867
25 feet north of 866 . .
868
25 feet north of S67 ..
RIVERSIDE PARK EXTENSION.
65
Summary of records of borings made in Neiv York and vicinity— Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Riverside Park extension — Continued.
Twelfth avenue — Continued.
20 feet north of 868
5 feet north of 869
25 feet north of 870
5 feet north of 871
25 feet north of 872
3 feet north of 873
20 feet north of 874
20 feet north of 875
25 feet north of 876
25 feet north of 877
Southeast corner 158th street
100 feet east of 879
25 feet south of 880
25 feet south of 881
25 feet south of 882
25 feet south of 883
25 feet south of 884
25 feet south of 885
175 feet south of 880
25 feet south of 887
25 feet south of 888
25 feet south of 889
25 feet south of 890
25 feet south of 891
15 feet west of 892
25 feet south of 893
25 feet south of 894
200 feet south of 887
5 feet south of 896
20 feet south of 897
25 feet south of 898
20 feet south of 899
25 feet south of 900
5 feet south of 901
Bull. 270—05 5
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred
to Q. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
- 5.33
3
- 5
3
- 2
6
— 3. 50
4
- 1.50
6
- 2.66
5
- 3.50
4
- 5
3
- 4.50
3
- 4.16
4
- 6.33
2
- 3.75
4
- 4.16
4
- 5.16
3
- 6
2
- 5.50
2
- 4.33
4
- 5
3
- 3.50
4
- 2.66
5
- 3.50
4
- 5.50
2
- 9.66
—
2
- 6.16
2
-11
—
3
-11.66
—
4
-12. 50
5
- 7.16
1
-15. 75
—
8
—12. 33
—
4
— 6.16
2
-10. 50
3
- 7
1
- 5
3
Kind of rock, if known.
Rock or bowlder.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
66 ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK. [bull. 270.
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Rivt rside Park extension— Continued.
Twelfth avenue— Continued.
20 feet south of 902
25 feet south of 903
5 feet south of 904
25 feet south of 905
200 feet south of 896
25 feet south of 907
25 feet south of 908
25 feel south of 909
25 feet south of 910
25 feet south of 911
80 feet east of northeast corner
158th street.
25 feet north of 913
25 feet north of 914
25 feet north of 915
25 feet north of 916
25 feet north of 917
L60 feet north of 913
100 feet east of 919
L60 feet south of 920
Riversidt viaduct.
Throughout length «
Manhattan viaduct on Broadway, b
125th street
L26th street
127th street
Manhattan street
129th street
130th street
50 feet south of 131st street . . .
131st street to 133d street
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
- 5.66
2
-11.50
4
12.33
4
14
6
14.50
— ,7
15
- 7
L6.33
- 8
15. 16
- 7
L6.66
- 9
is
-10
- 8
0
5.50
2
- 8.33
0
5.66
2
8. 16
0
7.66
0
5. 16
3
5
3
3.50
4
-60
-47
-13
-10
-13
-30
- 6
-13
13
- 9
26
- 5
39
{ •=* }
38 to 59
Kind of rock, if known.
Roek or bowlder.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
No rock.
No rock.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
( rneiss.
Do.
a Williamson, F. S., consulting engineer, 25 Broad street. Riverside viaduct extends nlon
Hudson River from L27th streel to 135th street. Wash borings were madeat short intervals forth
entire distance to depths of 60 feet, and al the corner of 131st street and Twelfth avenue todejt
of 7;> feet. No rock was encountered. The elevation of the street throughout is 12.5 feet above inea
tide. (For 96th street viaduct see serial number 1199, p. 80. 1
?>Klapp, Eugene, division engineer, rapid transit commission. "Rock not sounded,"
I MISCELLANEOUS. 67
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN-Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred
to U.S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
- 25
- 5
- 20
0
- 10
120
- 15
115
- 18
115
- 18
115
- 20
108
- 18
115
- 37.50
- 26
- 38.50
- 33
- 19
5
- 35
- 14
- 33
- 20
— 28.16
- 18
- 47.50
- 31
- 82.33
- 47
- 47
- 30
- 47
- 30
- 45
- 28
- 40. 75
- 24
- 61.66
- 26
- 70
- 37
- 59.50
- 47
-122.41
- 87
- 55.50
- 40
Kind of rock, if known.
Tenth avenue.a
125th street
Manhattan street
145th street
146th street
147th street
148th street
150th street
151st street
Miscellaneous— Report of Lawyers' Title
Insurance Company, b
Pearl and State streets
Battery place, West and Wash-
ington streets.
6-10 Bridge street
Pearl and Beaver streets
Wall street —
Southeast corner Pearl
Northwest corner William
Southwest corner William
Broadway, southwest corner
Cedar street.
Liberty street —
Southwest corner William
Northeast corner William
Northwest corner William
Southeast corner William
Southeast corner Nassau
Broadway, southeast corner
Maiden lane.
Northeast corner Cliff and John
streets.
9 Murray street, 155 feet west of
Broadway.
North Moore street, east of Hud-
son street.
No rock.
Do.
Gneiss.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Gneiss.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Graether, L. F., Atlas of building laws of United States, New York, vol. 1, pi. 2. Depths (circa)
9 led from section, except 931 and 932, which appear to refer to the old grades before the "fill" was
fiide. " Rock not sounded."
Nostrand, P. E., official surveyor of the company.
(38 BOCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK. [bull. 270.
'Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Serial
num-
ber.
Location.
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
Miscellaneous— Lawyers' Title Insurance
Company — Continued.
Broadway, southeast corner
Spring street.
Center street, west side, 101 feet
south of Howard.
Southeast corner Rivington and
Eld ridge streets.
386-392 West 12th street, 155
feet west of Greenwich.
13th street, north side, near Fifth
avenue.
13th street and Sixth avenue
Sixth avenue, between 13th and
14th streets.
58 West 14th street, 125 feet east
of Sixth avenue.
Irving place, northwest corner
16th street.
19th street, north side, west of
Sixth avenue.
23d street, north side, east of
Eleventh avenue.
Fifth avenue, west side 23d street.
Madison avenue, southeast cor-
ner 26th street.
Broadway, between 34th and
35th streets.
Fifth avenue, southwest corner
34th street.
54-56 West 40th street, 225 feet
east of Sixth avenue.
Seventh avenue, west side, be-
tween 41st and 42d streets.
Sixth avenue, between 43d and
44th streets.
Fifth avenue, southwest corner
44th street.
Madison avenue, southeast corner
63d street.
Fifth avenue, northeast corner
64th street.
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
-40
-39
-33
-44
-26
-15
-23
41.25
-18
-29
41
-23
-16
-11
-19. 66
-21.25
- 6. 75
-11. 83
24.25
07.50
-29.50
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
1
-21
8
33
10
11
4
-13
25
1
-31
18
21
35
:;:;
45
44
52
41
-15
27
Kind of rock, if known.
Gneiss.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do
Do.
Do.
Do.
HOBBS.]
ON OR NEAR FIFTH AVENUE.
69
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN-Continued.
Serial
num-
ber.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
Kind of rock,
As given.
Referred
to V. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
f known.
Miscellaneous — Lawyers' Title Insurance
Company— Continued.
977
7-15 East 73d street, 125 feet east
of Fifth avenue.
-24. 50
42
< rneiss.
978
Central Park West, between 76th
and 77th streets.
-59
32
Do
979
Madison avenue, southwest cor-
ner 78th street.
—13. 25
58
Do.
980
Northwest corner 78th street. . .
-12. 50
58
Do
981
Second avenue, between 92d and
93d streets.
-47.41
-19
Do.
982
Third avenue, northeast corner
98th street.
-20
9
Rock not sounded.
983
10th street, west of First avenue .
Miscellaneous — On or near Fifth avenue, a
-44
-32
Gneiss.
984
28 feet south of 28th street, 90
feet west of Fifth avenue.
( -21.83
I -20. 66
} 20
Gneiss.
985
Fifth avenue, northeast corner
17th street.
( -26. 5
I -28. 1
} -
Do.
986
100 feet east of 985
( -21. 16
I -19.60
} 20
Do.
' -32. 9
987
Fifth avenue, southeast corner
20th street.
-33. 8
-37.0
-37. 3
-38. 0
r -26. 16
6
Do.
988
Northwest corner 18th street . .
-26. 75
-22. 40
. -19.90
r -29. 9
13
Do.
989
Southwest corner 22d street
-29. 7
-33. 9
. -33. 9
f -21.9
• - 8
Do.
990
Northwest corner 19th street . .
-23. 8
[ -29. 5
I 15
Do.
« May]
licke, Robert, architect. Depths of 985
-1001 referred
to curb <
latum. No. ,99"
"checks
'ithin 2 inches of borings on either side of street.
70
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[BULL. 2
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Serial
num-
ber.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if kno1
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
Miscellaneous— On or near Fifth avenue—
Continued.
Between Fifth and Sixth ave-
nues—
North line of 19th street ,
South line of 19th street.
20th street, north of 991...
Piatt street, southeast corner
Williams.
Broadway, southeast corner 13th
street.
Fifth avenue, southeast corner
18th street.
East side, 200 feet north of cor-
ner of 20th street.
Northwest corner 14th street. . .
East side, about 50 feet north
of 16th street.
Southeast corner 17th street .
Southwest corner 18th street.
II
17
is
}
26
14
} 8
22
28
21
2:;
( incisH.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
HOBBS.]
FOUNDATIONS FOR SCHOOL BUILDINGS.
71
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
Serial
num-
ber.
As given:
Referred
to v. S.
(latum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
Miscellaneous— Foundations for school
buildings. «
Wadsworth avenue —
1002
Northeast corner 182d street. ..
— 8
"Gneiss."
1003
Southeast corner 183d street . . .
- 1.50
Do.
1004
182d street, 150 feet east of 1002.
. 50
Do.
1005
183d street, 150 feet east of 1003.
2. OS
Do.
1006
75 feet east and 92 feet north of
1002.
West side Fulton avenue —
-14
Do.
1007
34 feet north of East 173d
street.
-13.75
"Granite."
1008
214 feet north of East 173d
street.
-10. 75
Do.
1009
86 feet west of 1007
-13. 25
-17
Do.
1010
86 feet west of 1008
Do.
5 feet west of Anthony avenue —
1011
18 feet north of Mount Hope
avenue.
-20. 83
"Mica."
1012
36 feet north of Mount Hope
avenue.
7.75
Do.
1013
56 feet north of Mount Hope
avenue.
-18. 50
Do.
1014
75 feet north of Mount Hope
avenue.
-17.33
Do.
1015
61 feet west of 1011
-10.83
- 8.41
Do.
1016
19 feet north of 1015
Do.
1017
18 feet north of 1016
-10.25
Do.
1018
20 feet north of 1017
-7.50
Do.
6 feet west of Trinity avenue —
1019
18 feet north of 135th street
- 9.50
Do.
1020
105 feet north of 135th street. . .
- 1 8. 50
Do.
1021
34 feet west of 1019
-21.16
Do.
1022
34 feet west of 1020
-14. 16
Do.
45 feet west of 177th street *>—
1023
63 feet south of Vyse avenue. . .
9.50-
"Granite."
1024
150 feet south of Vyse avenue. .
1.83
Do.
a Snyder, C. B. J., architect, department of education. Datum oi Nos 1< m -loot; is point on curb of
sidewalk directly opposite the boring; of 1007-102-2, surface of ground, all others refer to highest
point of curb of sidewalks adjoining site.
t Datum of Nos. 1023-1027 is point on curb comer 177th street and V yse avenue.
72
ROOK FLOOR <>K OREATER NEW YORK.
[BULL. '27
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
a Datum of Nos. 1028-1031 is point on curb
& Datum of Nos. 1032-1036 is point on curb
'•Datum of Nos. 1037-1040 is point on curt.
«Datum of Nos. 1041-1045 is point on curb
« Datum of Nos. 1046-1047 is point on euro
375 feet west of Morris Park avenue,
corner Boston road and Jackson avenue.
corner Third avenue and 170th street.
corner Union avenue and 165th street.
corner Morris avenue and 163d street.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
r
Serial
num-
ber.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if know
Miscellaneous— Foundations for school
buildings— Continued.
45 feel west of 177th street — Con.
1025
270 feet south of Vyse avenue..
4.66
r
" Granite."
1026
60 feet west of 1024
5. 08
Do. f
1027
120 feet south of 1026
8.50
Do.
Amethyst avenue " —
1051
1028
205 feet west of Morris Park
-12. 25
"Gneiss."
avenue.
1 W.
1029
335 feet west of Morris Park
avenue.
— 1.33
Do.
1030
69 feet north of 1028
- 6.66
:;. 75
Do.
1031
69 feet north of L029
Do.
100 feet east of Boston road h —
m
1032
35 feel math of 166th street ...
. 33
Do.
L033
65 feet west and Iol' feet north
of 1032.
- 2.25
Do.
1
1034
45 feet cast and 160 feet north
of 1032.
10. 58
Do.
J
fSI
Jackson avenue —
1035
35 feet north of L66th street ...
-19.25
Do.
L036
137 feet north of 166th street ..
-15. 25
Do.
170th street c—
1037
30 feet east of Third avenue . . .
S.41
"Mica."
1038
70 feet easl of Third avenue . . .
3
Do.
1039
75 feet south and 60 feet east
of 1036.
1.41
Do.
1
1
1040
70 feel south of 1036
-23. 16
-21.41
Do. 1
1041
165th street and Tinton avenue'/. .
"Gneiss." \f 1
1042
Union avenue
-15.50
-17
-16.50
-17.66
Do. 1
1043
107 feet north of 1041
Do. 1
1044
106 feet north of 1042
I
Do. I
1045
58 feet north and 130 feet east of
1041.
Do.
163d street «—
1046
34 feet west of Morris avenue ..
-12.66
"Granite."
1047
175 feet west of Morris avenue .
-22. 50
Do.
SBS.J
FOUNDATIONS FOR SCHOOL BUILDINGS.
73
Summary of records of boring* made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Miscellaneous— Foundation s for school
buildings— Continued .
65 feet north and 1 foot west of
1046.
136 feet west of 1048
145th street, 325 feet east of
Broadway. a
475 feet east of Broadway
146th street, 325 feet east of
Broadway.
475 feet east of Broadway
100 feet north and 75 feet east of
1050.
119th street, 118 feet west of Sec-
ond avenue. &
270 feet west of Second avenue.
120th street, 110 feet west of Sec-
ond avenue.
260 feet west of Second avenue .
101 feet north and 66 feet west of
1054.
35 feet north of 116th street c —
450 feet east of Lenox avenue. .
600 feet east of Lenox avenue..
117th street, 450 feet east of Lenox
avenue.
600 feet east of Lenox avenue..
65 feet north and 75 feet east of
1059.
82d street, 100 feet east of Second
avenue. d
250 feet east of Second avenue. .
56 feet north of 1064
150 feet east of 1066
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
-13
-18. 33
-23. 58
86
-28. 41
81
-17
95
-17.16
95
-29. 41
80
-15. 91
2
-27.41
-10
-25. 58
-11
-18.91
- 4
--17.75
0
—29. 25
- 8
-28
- 7
—30. 66
- 8
-23. 91
_ 2
-27. 50
- 6
-10. 25
45
- 9.50
46
-10.83
44
- 6.08
49
Kind of rock, if known.
Granite.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
1 ' Gneiss.
Do.
Do.
Do.
a Datum of Nos. 1050-1053 is point on curb 475 feet east of Broadway on 146th street.
b Datum of Nos. 1054-1058 is point on curb 270 feet west of Second avenue.
c Datum of Nos. 1059-1063 is point on 117th street curb 450 feet east of Lenox avenue.
d Datum of Nos. 1064-1067 is point on 82d street curb 100 feet east of Second avenue.
74
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[BI'LL.270,
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
Serial
num-
ber.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
Miscellaneotis— Foundations for school
buildings— Continued.
101st street «—
1068
350 feet west of Amsterdam
avenue.
-33. 33
66
"Gneiss.''
1069
225 feet west of Amsterdam
avenue.
102d street—
-18. 50
80
Do.
1070
200 feet west of Amsterdam
avenue.
- 9.75
91
Do.
1071
350 feet west of Amsterdam
avenue.
-24. 08
76
Do.
1072
100 feet north and 50 feet west of
1069.
-21. 75
77
Do.
1073
Avenue A and 77th street b
- 5
26
"Granite."
1074
Avenue A and 78th street
34
Do.
1075
138 feet east of 1073
— 4.91
21 i
Do.
1076
138 feet east of 1074
— 3.66
30
Do.
Tilth street —
1077
105 feet east of Third avenue c.
-18. 83
32
Do.
1078
205 feet east of Third avenue . .
-35. 83
15
Do.
1079
68 feet south of 1077
-34. 25
17
Do.
1080
68 feet south of 1078
—40. 58
10
Do.
1081
31 feet south and 50 feet east of
1077.
36.91
14
Do.
1082
66th street, 163 feet east of First
—12.58
32
11 ( Iranite."
avenue.^
1083
313 feet east of First avenue . . .
—17. 16
28
Do.
1084
67th street, 163 feet east of First
avenue.
- 8
40
Do.
1085
313 feet east of First avenue . . .
-12.75
35
Do.
1086
238 feet east of Second avenue and
100 feet north of 66th street.
66th street e—
—14
45
Do.
1087
225 feet east of Amsterdam
avenue.
(». m
56
"Gneiss."
1088
325 feet east of Amsterdam
avenue.
s. 66
54
Do.
a Datum of Nos. 1068-1072 is point on 102d street
& Datum of Nos. 1073-1070 is point on curl) corne
c Datum of Nos. 1077-1081 is point on curb 105 ft
<2 Datum of Nos. 1082-1086 is point on 67th street
« Datum of Nos. 1087-1091 is point on 66th street
curb 350 feel west of Amsterdam avenue.
r Avenue A and 77th street.
el east of Third avenue.
curb L63 feet east of First avenue.
curb 325 feet east of Amsterdam avenue.
H0BBS.]
FOUNDATIONS FOR SCHOOL BUILDINGS.
75
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
Serial
num-
ber.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
Miscellaneous— Foundations for school
buildings— Continued.
65th street —
1089
225 feet east of Amsterdam
avenue.
-19. 08
41
"Gneiss."
1090
325 feet east of Amsterdam
avenue.
-25. 83
37
Do.
1091
100 feet south and 50 feet east of
1087.
-13.08
50
Do.
1092
Tenth avenue, corner 58th street. «
- 6.58
63
Do.
1093
Corner 59th street
- 3.16
-27. 50
- 9
-16. 41
70
42
64
54
Do.
1094
200 feet west of 1092
Do.
1095
200 feet west of 1093
Do.
1096
100 feet north and 100 feet west
of 1092.
Do.
1097
45th street, 225 feet east of Tenth
avenue. h
- 3.66
29
"Granite."
1098
325 feet east of Tenth avenue . .
- 2.75
30
Do.
1099
58 feet north of 1097
- 4.66
- 8.08
28
25
Do.
1100
58 feet north of 1098
Do.
1101
28 feet north and 50 feet east of
1097.
- 1.50
31
Do.
1102
20th street, 300 feet west of First
avenue. c
—16. 25
- 1
Do.
1103
496 feet west of First avenue. . .
-13. 83
2
Do.
1104
84 feet south of 1102
-14.08
-12.58
-19. 75
1
2
— 2
Do.
1105
84 feet south of 1103
Do.
1106
41 feet north of 19th street, 396
feet west of First avenue.
Do.
1107
15th street, 80 feet west of First
avenue. d
-23. 25
- 2
"Gneiss."
1108
16th street, 80 feet west of First
avenue.
-22
- 4
Do.
1109
82 feet north and 43 feet west of
1106.
-22. 08
- 1
Do.
1110
67 feet south and 40 feet west of
1107.
-26. 25
— 7
Do.
a Datum of Nos. 1092-1096 is point on curb corner opposite boring.
b Datum of Nos. 1096-1101 is point on curb 275 feet east of Tenth avenue.
c Datum of Nos. 1102-1106 is point on 19th street curb 396 feet west of First avenue.
d Datum of Nos. 1107-1110 is point on 15th street curb 80 feet west of First avenue.
76
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[bull. 270.
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
Miscellaneous— Foun dation s for school
buildings— Continue 1 .
168th street, corner Audubon
avenue. "
60 feet west of 1111
169th street, corner Audubon
avenue.
60 feet west of 1113 .
Near Amsterdam avenue h —
300 feet west on 108th street...
500 feet west on 108th street. . .
300 feet west on 109th street. . .
500 feet west on 109th street...
100 feet west and 100 feet north
of 1115.
Miscellaneous— Approach to East River
bridge No. 2. c
Tompkins street —
Corner Delancey (D)
90 feet south of south line De-
lancey street ( H ) .
Delancey street, southeast cor-
ner Mangin (C).
Center line of bridge —
70 feet west of west line of
Mangin street (A).
West line of Cannon street ( B ) .
West line of Columbia street (C )
West line of Sheriff street (H) .
West line of Willett street (E-I)
West line of Pitt street (G)
Miscellaneous— Records not classified.
Near Trinity Church, Broadway,
facing Wall street."'
Washington street, between Ful-
ton and Vesey.
-11
-20. 08
-12. 58
12.58
-21.66
-12.66
- 5. 75
- 5.91
- 7.91
-69.5
95. 1
-70. 8
—61. 16
-56. 25
-62. 66
-51 . 58
-51.50
-56. 08
-26
-70
86
95
L02
102
100
- 67
- 93
- 68
- 59
— 54
60
49
49
54
11
- 60
Gneiss. '
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Supposed to ha
reached rock.
« Datum of Nos. 1111-1115 is point on curb corner Audnbon avenue and 169th street.
t vJ? Nos' 1116~1120 is P()]'nt on 109th street curb 300 feet west of Amsterdam avenue
c La Uucotte, H. A., chief engineer. Datum, menu high water.
d Nos. 1129-1144, I.C.Russell, Annals New York Aead.Sei., vol. 2, 1882, pp. 66-77.
HOBBS.]
KECGRDS NOT CLASSIFIED.
77
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN-Continued.
Serial
num-
ber.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
Miscellaneous — Records not classified —
Continued.
1131
Bleecker street, corner Broadway .
- 42
4
Well 406 feet deep.
1132
' ' Factory, corner Perry "
— 70
— 44
1133
16th street, near the Hudson
- 20
5
1134
26th street and Tenth avenue
- 79
- 66
1135
U. S. Hotel, corner Fulton and
Water streets.
-126
-118
1136
Between Ferry, Cliff, Frankfort,
and Pearl."
— 92. 5
- 90
1137
118 Elm street, between Canal
and Howard.
-130
-117
1138
Cherry street, Corlears Hook
- 80
- 63
No rock.
1139
Foot of Jefferson street, East
River.
- 50
- 42
1140
Houston street, corner Lewis
- 94
- 85
1141
Avenue D and Houston street
- 93
- 86
1142
Avenue D and 5th
—109
- 98
1143
1144
1145
Avenue D and 7th
-100
-100
- 70
-89
- 90
- 60
Avenue D and 10th
Gneiss.
Washington Market, North River,
between Fulton and Vesey
streets. *>
1146
1147
St. Francis Hospital, 5th street,
between B and C avenues.
-100
- 80
Purington and Columbia streets. .
- 60
- 46
1148
Allen and Hester streets
- 67
- 28
1149
Tombs, Franklin and Center
streets.
-155
-139
1150
Grand and Wooster streets
- 72
- 60
1151
Perry and West 11th streets
- 63
- 38
1152
Manhattan Life building, 66
Broadway, between Exchange
place and Wall street.
- 42.96
- 8
Do.
H153
Standard Oil building, 26 Broad-
way.
- 44
- 19
No rock.
1154
American Surety building, 100
Broadway, c
- 71
- 35
Do.
a Datum is mean high water.
6Nos. 1145-1156, L. P. Gratacap, Geol. City of New York, pp. 10-12.
o Depth is below curb.
78
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[BULL. 270.
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
Serial
num-
ber.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
Miscellaneous— Records not classified-
Continued.
1155
Empire building, 71 Broadway". .
- 54
- 19
No rock.
1156
Washington Life building, 141
Broadway. «
- 75
- 40
Do.
1157
City reservoir, corner Third av-
enue and 13th street. 6
15
22
1158
7th and Lewis streets &
93
- 83
West 39th street c—
f- 18.9'
1159
150 feet east of Tenth avenue a .
New Mutual Life building — .
]- 17.5
I- 15.3
17
19
1160
16 Liberty street, on street line .
- 61
1161
39 Cedar street, on street line . .
— 41
Broad-Exchange d —
(-41 1
1162
Exchange place and Broad
street, southeast corner. «
j- 47. 6 m
[- 48. 8j
- 31
( rneiss.
Wall street, Exchange building^ —
r- 41.1-
L163
North side p]xchange place,
between William and Broad
streets. «
Battery place building d —
43. 6
- 46. 5
I— 42.3'
43
- 26
Do.
L164
Battery place, between West
and Washington streets. a
ci>
41
Do.
1165
James Everhardt's brewery,
south side 133d street, 200 feet
east of Fifth avenue (well), e
- 98
- 80
Rock <>r bowlder.
1166
Fourth avenue and 50th street
(surface)./
57
Gneiss.
1167
Morris Park, northwest corner r/. .
- 40
14
Do.
1168
125th street and Madison avenue.
-125
-121
1169
Lenox and 160th streets
- 60
- 45
- 60
- 45
1170
116th street and East River
1171
112th street and First avenue
- 55
- 46
« Depth is below curb.
b Mather, Wm. M., Geol. New York, pp. 605-625.
cMaynicke, Robt., architect. Curb datum.
a Purdy.c.T., consulting engineer, Geo. A. Puller Construction Company
e Communicated at brewery.
/Waller, Elwyn, chemist.
pNos. 1167-1176, Washington, Win. De H.
BBS.]
RECORDS NOT CLASSIFIED.
79
Summary of records of boring* made in New York a ml vicin
Ity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
rial
mi
IT.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred
to r. s.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
Miscellaneous — Records not classified—
Continued.
72
79th street and Columbus avenue.
17
69
73
East Houston and Attorney streets .
-60
36
74
Third avenue and 21st street
-llto-17
-11
75
Third avenue and 9th street
-35
- 4
176
Eleventh avenue and 27th street .
-60
50
77
Park avenue, northeast corner
51st street."
(&)
56
( inoisH.
78
60 feet east of Park avenue be-
tween 50th and 51st streets.
(b)
56
Do.
79
50 feet west of Second avenue and
40 feet north of 92d street, c
Block 38th to 39th streets, east of
First avenue, ^ about 60 feet
west of bulkhead line —
(6)
28
Rock.
80
50 feet north of 38th street pro-
duced.
-69.4
66
81
50 feet south of 39th street pro-
duced.
-64. 4
-61
182
About 205 feet west of bulkhead
line, north side 38th street.
-12.33
- 9
83
About 225 feet west of bulkhead
line, and 7 feet south of 39th
street.
First avenue —
- 5
- 2
84
39th street, southeast corner...
- 9.66
7
' 85
38th street, northeast corner. . .
- 2.25
- 1
86
Midway between 1184 and 1185. .
Block 39th to 40th streets, east of
First avenue, about 30 feet
west of East River —
- 7.16
4
B7
6 feet south of 40th street
-44. 98
-42
38
99 feet south of 40th street
-48. 10
-45
S9
About 6 feet north of 39th street.
-46. 21
-43
chaefer, F. and M., Brewing Company.
Jos. 1177-1179, street level referred to U. S. datum.
:hret, George, Brewing Company. Depth of well, 700 feet; at near 300 feet encountered limestone,
a little quartz.
jieb, J. W., asst. genl. mgr. New York Edison Co. water-side power station. Nos. 1180-1186: Records
'ide some 50 borings, covering the area of the block and eastward to the bulkhead line at about
>ot intervals in either direction. New water-side power station, Nos. 1187-1193: Borings made
y 25 feet in either direction within area.
80
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW
YORK.
[BULL. 270
Summary of records of borings made in New York and
vicin ity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
Kind of rock, if
known.
Serial
num-
ber.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandv
Hook.
Miscellaneous — Records not classified —
Continued.
1190
6 feet south of 40th street and
about 212 feet east of First
avenue.
0.69
- 2
1191
6 feet north of 39th street and
206 feet east of First avenue.
31 feet east of First avenue —
1.42
1
1192
6 feet north of 39th street
16.35
13
1193
6 feet south of 40th street
- 19.14
16
1194
Grand Union Hotel, 42d street
50
"Micaceoo
gneiss."
and Park avenue, near curb of
well o
1195
Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, 35th street
and Fifth avenue, near curb of
well."
62
50th street near Tenth avenue6 —
1196
Columbia College, at curb
40
' ' Gray gnei
and mica."
1197
Cushman's bakery, at curb
40
Do.
1198
Block 95th to 96th streets, east of
First avenue. c
-125
-113
1199
Riverside drive viaduct, 96th
street. d
- 90 to -100
- 72
No rock.
1200
New York tower, Brooklyn bridge e
- 75
- 73
1201
Liberty and Nassau streets/
- 90
- 60
1202
128th street and Tenth avenue 0 . .
-135
-104
1203
129 East 61st street h
- 14.5
- 15
35
53
Do.
Rock.
1204
Fifth avenue between 73d and
74th streets. h
1205
Fifth avenue and 116th street *. . .
- 6
15
Gneiss.
1206
Park avenue and 130th street *. . .
5
11
Do.
1207
Fulton Market, corner South and
Fulton streets. J
-130
-126
Rock.
P. H. and J., artesian wells, Ann. Rept. State Geol. New Jersey, 1901, p. 120. Depth
De
)epth of (1195) well, 650 feet. " Rock as elsewh I
aConlan
(1194) well 420 feet. Rock as elsewhere, gneiss
on Manhattan Island."
?> Idem., 1896, p. 185.
clnterurban Street Railway Company.
dBoller, Alf. P.
e Report chief engineer, Brooklyn Bridge.
/Darton, N. H., U. S. Geol. Survev.
firStotthoff Bros., Flemintrtnii, \. J. Surface datum.
fcBunn & Nase. architects 1123 Broadway.
i Hickey. J.. 83. 110th street.
iNos. 1207-1225, Graether, L. F., Atlas of building laws of United States, vol. 1, 1898, pi. 2
HOBBS.]
RECORDS NOT CLASSIFIED.
81
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
.'Serial
num-
ber.
As given.
Referred
to r. s.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
Miscellaneous — Records not classified —
Continued.
1208
Holt's well, near Fulton Market
(130 feet deep).
-126
Rock.
1209
Perry and 4th streets (well at
corner).
- 70
- 40
Do.
1210
Ehret's brewery, corner Second
avenue and 92d street.
0
28
Gneiss.
1211
Well, near Broadway and 13th
street (113 feet deep).
- 15
2S
Rock.
1213
City Hall Park, well
- 90
- 30
5
Do.
1214
Manhattan well, Duane street,
near Center street.
No rock
1215
Tenth avenue and 14th street
- 40
- 30
Rock.
1216
Seventh avenue and 16th street. .
- 20
8
Do.
1217
Ninth avenue and 16th street
(120 feet deep).
- 20
- 4
Do.
1218
Eleventh avenue and 19th street.
-190
-181
Do.
1219
Eleventh avenue and 20th street.
-170
—160
Do.
1220
Fifth avenue and 23d to 24th
streets (well 2,103 feet deep).
0
40
Do.
1221
Lenox avenue and 110th street. . .
- 50
- 25
Do.
1222
Lenox avenue and 116th street. . .
Speedway « —
- 40
- 19
Do.
1223
West 172d street
- 88.'5
- 52
Do.
1224
West 173d street (32.5 feet into
rock).
West 174th street (56.8 feet into
rock).
Gneiss.
1225
- 53
Do.
1226
Harlem River power house, Ninth
avenue and 218th street. b
-116
—113
Rock or bowlder.
1227
103d street, near First avenue
(well).c
- 40
- 30
No rock.
1228
104th street, east of Fourth ave-
nue (well).^
- 40
- 25
Do
1229
105th street and East River
(well)//
- 40
- 34
Do.
1230
Power station, First avenue, 95th
to 96th streets. «
-125
-115
Rock.
aNos. 1207-1225, Graether, L. F., Atlas of building laws of United States, vol. 1, 1898, pi. 2.
decomposed gneiss; margin with overlying gravel not sharp; 159.2 feet to hard rock.
bStarratt, M. G., chief engineer, New York City Railway Company.
c Miller, David, owner. "Rock not sounded."
d Henry, M. C, Company. " Rock not sounded." .
e Engineering Record, vol. 40, 1899, p. 690. Other borings to 80 feet did not reach roct.
Bull. 270—05 6
No. 1223,
82
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[BULL. 270.
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
2. BORINGS IN THE BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN— Continued.
Location.
Miscellaneous — Records not classified —
Continued.
125th street, 300 feet east of
Eighth avenue. a
St. Nicholas avenue —
125th street, northwest corner «.
126th street, southwest corner a.
409 West 14th street (well) ° . ...
Hunters Point, near Long Is-
land depot,
Quarantine station, Hoffman Is-
land.
East 13th street, between Third
and Fourth avenues.
Third avenue and 14th street
(well).
Cornell iron foundry, 25th street
between Tenth and Eleventh
avenues. c
55th street and Fifth avenue,
Tidewater Bldg. Co.
Another boring
21 and 23 West 22d street, F. H.
Leggett.
28-32 West 22d street, Thomp-
son-Starret Co.
Allaire's well, foot of Cherry
street, near Corlear.'/
Nagle avenue <?
59th street and West End avenue,
northeast corner/ —
100 feet north of corner •»
100 feet east of corner /
Depth of boring to rock.
given.
50
12.5
5.16
7
16.3
76 to -80
35 to -55
35
Referred
to U. S.-
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
24
10
20
Do
0
33
Gneiss.
20
— 7
Rock.
69
t50
-59
Do.
Do
19
16
Do
15
22
Do
63
-52
48
55
45
22
-61to-65
Kind of rock, if
known.
No rock.
Do.
Do.
ZEOTd\kF-;kFtesmn wells; surface datum. " Rock not sounded."
b No? :. 1234-1238, Veatch, A. O, U. S. Geol. Survey.
c Phillips & Worthington. Record of well 1239: 6-10 feet, filling; 10-12, sand and gravel; 12-15, f
brown sand; 15-18, fine black sand; 18-24, mud; 24-27, medium sand; 27-43, medium brown sand;
47, coarse sand and gravel; 47-58, medium sand; 58-63, coarse sand to rock. Record of well 1240: 0-
teet, loam; 10^-121, sand and gravel; 12^-14, disintegrated rock derived from schists and gneis
Kecora of well 1241: 0-5 feet, loam mixture; 5-lOi, soft light-colored rock; 10M2, black soft ro
Kecora ol well 1242: 0-1 foot, loam; 1-3 feet, clay; 3-5, medium sand; 5-7, gravel and clay mixti
/-y, disintegrated rock. (Pennsylvania Railroad tests show rock in this block to be at from 5 t<
e„f • Record of well 1243: 0-7£ f eet, filling; 7£-12, fine dark sand; 12-12^, sand and muck mixti
3~d- *' #ravel and mica to rock,
librar V M*' Spring water vs- river water for supplying the city of New York, 1835, p. 15. (Aj
*<AK1^PP' Eu^ene- division engineer, rapid transit commission. From Dyckman street north 1
teet, piles were driven to a depth of 35 to 45 feet, and in one instance to 55 feet.
J waussen & Price Brewing Companv. Wells 1246 and 1247, 625 feet deep to ' limestone " (doubt
serpentine filled with calcite).
BOBBS.]
BOROUGH OF BROOKLYN.
83
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity-^ Continued.
3. BORINGS IN THE OUTLYING BOROUGHS AND IN OTHER LOCALITIES NKAR NEW YORK,
Serial
num-
ber.
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
! 1265
Location.
Sofough of Brooklyn^
Artesian well, Calvary cemetery &,
Brooklyn Navy-Yard c -.
East line of Furman street d
"Hicks street"
Borough hall
Fulton street, corner Bond street .
Keep street and Kent avenue e ...
Forrest street and Evergreen ave-
nue./
Lewis avenue and Pulaski street ff.
68-84 Meserole street h
100 feet west of Bremen street
and 300 feet north of Noll
street. '
200 feet east of Brunswick avenue
and 290 feet south of 1258.
100 feet east and 90 feet north of
1259.
Bridge street, corner Plymouth J .
Hamilton avenue and Conover
street. #
Meserole, Humboldt, and Schole
streets. l
Metropolitan avenue, 125 feet east
of Wei the avenue. m
New Lots road and Fountain ave-
nue. »
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
182
93
71
■ 87.8
- 58.4
35
65
275
105
- 35 to -45
- 70
- 65
- 65
- 50
60
- 90
- 60
Referred to U. S.
datum, Sandy
Hook.
-130 to -140
- 63
- 31
2
5
- 85
Kind of rock,
if known.
Gneiss.
Do.
No rock.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
a See Crosby, W. O., Techn. Quart,, vol. 13, 1900, p. 117, for records of many other borings upon Lour
Island.
b Lewis, Elias, quoted by F. J. H. Merrill, Annals New York Acad. Sci., vol. 3, 1885, p. 346. Surface
datum. Elevation of ground taken from topographic sheet of New York City.
c Superintendent of navy-yard.
dNos. 1250-1253, rapid transit commission. Surface datum.
e Chrome Steel Works, well 65 feet deep, 27 feet from Keep street curb line and 70 feet from Kent
avenue curb line.
/S. Liebman's Sons Brewing Company. Record of well 1255: 1-23 feet, loam and bowlders; 23-105
feet, yellow gravel and sand; 105-275 feet, blue clay.
ffH. B. Scharman & Sons, brewers. Three wells through sand.
h Burger Brewing Company. Wells through sand.
iObermeyer & Liebman, brewers. Three wells, 1258-1260, through sand.
J Howard & Fuller Brewing Company. Well through coarse sand.
k India Wharf Brewing Company wells.
I Congress Brewing Company. Three wells through clay, sand, and hardpan.
m Streeter & Dennison well. . , „
"New Lots pumping station (formerly Long Island Water Supply Company); 11 6-mch wells.
84
ROCK FLOOK OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[bull. 270,
Summary of records of borings made in Neiv York and vicinity — Continued.
i. BORINGS IN THE OUTLYING BOROUGHS AND IN OTHER LOCALITIES NEAR NEW
YORK— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
Kind of roek, if known.
Serial
num-
ber.
As given.
Referred
to U.S.
(latum,
Sandy
Hook.
Borough of Brooklyn — Continued.
1266
50 feet east of Bushwick avenue,
between Meserole and Schole
streets. «
- 93
No rock.
L267
70 feet north of Meserole street,
between Bushwick avenue and
Waterbury street.
L15
Do.
1268
Foot of 34th street ''
-215
r205
1269
Meeker and Kingsland avenuec. .
-215
175
1270
In block bounded by Pearl, Ply-
mouth, John, and Jay streets''.
97
"Trap."
1271
Astoria, end of Ditman street'...
100
98
1272
Nassau Gas Light Company,
Williamsburg./
Brooklyn bridge 9 —
-102. 5
Rock not sounded.
127:;
Anchorage 930-1,060 feel from
river.
L45
14:;
Rock or bowlder.
1274
Tower, Brooklyn end
88
86
Mica schist.
1 27--)
A reh street h
!
{
41,
:;s
36/
15^
is
— 21)
36
Ruck or bowlder.
1276
Beech street
16
Do.
1277
Crane street
{
42,
36/
37
Do.
1278
Nott avenue, halfway between
( Jrane and Davis streets.
59
57
Do.
1279
Davis street
{
{
- 51/
- 11
— 44
Do.
1280
Pierson street
9
0
Do.
Do.
1281
Anable avenue
1282
Court street
{
- 34i
21/
25
Do.
a Eastern Brewing Company wells. No. 1267 in sand and clay exclusively.
^Gregory, Ehsha, per A. C.Veatch. Record of well 1268: 0-212 feet, sand and clay; 215-1,500 fe
hard rock.
cA. C. Veatch.
d Stewart, H. S., Pittsburg, Pa. Well 800 feet deep.
«New York Connecting Railroad Company, A. P. Boiler, president and chief engineer. Line
projected Hell Gate railroad bridge (mean high water).
/Crosby, VV. O., Outline of the geology of Long Island, Techn. Quart., vol. 13, 1900. p. 117.
m-j u,sse11' L C-' Annals New York Acad. Sci., vol. 2, 1882, p. 73. Bowlders of "gneiss, trap, etc
Tide datum.
h Nos. 1275-1282, wash borings.
&OBBS.] BOROUGH OF BROOKLYN. 85
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
\. BORINGS IN THE OUTLYING BOROUGHS AND IN OTHER LOCALITIES NEAR NEW-
YORK— Continued .
Serial
num-
ber.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred
to U.S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
Borough of Brooklyn— Continued.
r- i8i
1283
Hunters Point avenue a
34 26
I- 2lJ
- 24
Gneiss.
r- 24 j
1284
Fourth street
| — 29 [26
— 24
Do.
1285
Van Alst avenue, southeast cor-
ner 3d street.
35
- 33
Do.
1286
3d street 150 feet east of east line
of East avenue.
{: 3°
- 4
Do.
1287
East avenue 100 feet south of
south line of 3d street.
Borden avenue —
, 9
0
Do.
1288
200 feet west of west line of
East avenue.
22
- 20
Do.
1289
Southeast corner of Vernon
avenue.
6
4
Do.
1290
Southwest corner of Vernon
avenue.
r >
l— 19/
- 29
Do.
1291
Halfway between West and
Vernon avenues.
{ 124
I- 15i
- 22
Do.
1292
West side of Vernon avenue, 100
feet north of Flushing street.
8
— 6
Do.
1293
West avenue, 200 feet north of
north line of Flushing street.
18
- 16
Do.
i 1294
250 feet east of Front street, 150
feet south of Borden.
r— 201
— 42 [26
I- 17J
- 24
Do.
1295
Front street, between Borden and
Flushing.
f— 561
] - 34 44
1- 42 J
- 42
Do.
1296
Pierhead line, foot of Flushing
street.
r— 44i
I— 46/
- 43
Do.
1297
Slip on line of 1st street extended,
shore end.
r- 25i
I- 40)
- 30
Do.
1298
Slip on line of 1st street, bulk-
head line.
r- 46i
l— 49/
- 45
Do.
aNos. 1283-1305, core borings.
86
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[BULL. 270.
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
3. BORINGS IN THE OUTLYING BOROUGHS AND IN OTHER LOCALITIES NEAR NEW
YORK— Continued.
Location.
Borou</fi of Brooklyn,— Continued.
Pier at foot of Pidgeon street —
Dock
End of pier
Pier at foot of Flushing street —
Dock
End of pier
475 feet west of Vernon avenue —
Between 1st street and Flush-
ing street.
175 feet east of 1303
4th street, 100 feet east of Vernon
avenue. a
Borough of Queens — Right of way, Penn-
sylvania h'ni'/roiiil.l-
Near bulkhead, Longlsland City —
200 feet west of line
325 feet west of line
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
19
- 17
< rneiss.
54
- 52
Do.
26
- 24
Do.
37
- 35
Do.
33)
15/
- 22
Do.
12
14
Do.
10
4
Do.
600 feet west of line
750 feet west of line
1,100 feet west of line
Borough of ' 2u eens—j Miscellaneous.*:
Long Island Railroad depot,
Hunters Point.
East River Gas Company, Vernon
avenue.
Astoria Silk Works, Steinway
avenue.
69
71). "
Referred
to U.S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
56
80
98
113
89
59
20
20
Kind of rock, if known.
Rock or bowlder.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Rock.
a Surface datum.
''Noble, A., aud Jacobs, C. M., chief engineers, Pennsylvania, New York and Long Island Railro.
Company; wash borings.
"Veateh, A. 0., U. S. Geol. Survey. Well 1312, 100 feet deep, through nick from near surface.
well 1313 on drilling 32 feet through rock quicksand was encountered. Wells 1314-1317, 70 80 U
sand, then clay and limestone; 375 feet, 300 feet, 450 feet, and 490 feet deep, respectively.
50BBS.]
BOROUGH OF THE BRONX.
87
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
3. BORINGS IN THE OUTLYING BOROUGHS AND IN OTHER LOCALITIES NEAR NEW
YORK— Continued.
Serial
num-
ber.
Location.
Depth of boring to ruck.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of roek, if known.
Borough of Queens— Miscellaneous — Cont'd.
Fleishman Manufacturing Com-
pany wells, between Howard
and Spring streets —
1314
Between Review street and
L. I. R. R. (a).
-124
-114
Limestone.
1315
(b)
—124
— 114
Do
1316
(c)
— 124
— 114
Do
1317
Between L. I. R. R. and New-
town Creek, (d)
Borough of the Bronx— Section along line
of rapid transit on Westchester avenue
and Southern boulevard. ^
-124
-114
Do.
1318
Brook avenue to about 100 feet
southwest of Caldwell avenue.
-7 to -12
No rock.
1319
Caldwell avenue to 100 feet north-
east of Robbins avenue.
Oto- 4
23 to 41
Rock.
1320
From 1319 to Wales avenue
-9 to —11
No rock.
1321
From Wales avenue northeast
300 feet.
-1 to — 9
27 to 41
Rock.
1322
From 1321 to point 50 feet east of
Beach avenue.
-5 to - 8
No rock.
1323
From 1322 to point 50 feet north-
east of Union avenue.
-3 to -10
45 to 51
Rock.
1324
1325
From 1323 to point 120 feet south-
west of Longwood avenue.
From 1324 to Longwood avenue. .
—7 to -10
-7 to - 9
56 to 59
No rock.
Rock.
1326
feet northeast.
-9 to -10
No rock.
1327
From 1326 about 150 feet north-
east.
-3 to -10
56 to 61
Rock.
1328
From 1327 to Intervale avenue. . .
-5 to — 7
No rock.
1329
From 1328 about 80 feet north-
east.
—7 to - 8
24 to 25
Rock.
1330
From 1 329 to Kelly street
-6 to - 9
No rock.
aKlapp, Eugene, division engineer, rapid transit commission. Bottoms of even-numbered bor-
ings, where rock was not sounded, are stated to be as follows: 1318 arid 1320 sand or mainly sand;
1322, 1330, 1332, 1334, 1340, 1340, and 1352, sandy clay; 1324 and 1326, sand, gravel, and clay; 1328, 1342,
and 1344, clay or mainly clay; 1338, sand and gravel; 1344, east of 172d street, largely sand and gravel;
1348, sandy clay and sandy loam; 1350, west of 177th street, clay bottom, east of 177th street, sand,
gravel, and clay. In certain odd-numbered borings, where rock was encountered, the reeord reads
as follows: 1323, rock, except for about 40 feet west of Union avenue; 1339, rock, having steep siopt
near Freeman street; 1349, at "about 100 feet northeast of East 176th street is a deep V-shaped depres-
sion in rock surface, with quicksand in bottom."
88
ROCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[bull. 270.
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
3. BORINGS IN THE OUTLYING BOROUGHS AND IN OTHER LOCALITIES NEAR NEW
YORK— Continued.
Location.
Borough of the Bronx — Section along line
of rapid transit on Westchester avenue
and Southern boulevard — Continued.
From 1330 about 50 feet north-
east.
From 1331 about 160 feet north-
east.
From 1332 to about 40 feet north-
east «>f Barretto street.
From 1 333 to about 100 feet south-
west of East lt>7th street.
From L334 to a little north of East
L67th street.
From L335 to about 120 feel far-
ther north.
From L336toabou1 200 feel north
of Home street.
From L337 north L50 feel
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
From 1338 to about 40 feel south
of Freeman street.
From L339 northeast 450 feet ...
From 1340 northeast 225 feet
From 1341 to point 25 feet north-
east of Jennings street.
From 1342 northeast 200 feet ....
From 1343 to point 100 feet n< >rth-
east of East 173d street.
From 1344 northeast 200 feet
From 1345 northeast 275 feet
From 1346 to point 50 feet north-
east of East 174th street.
From 1347 to near 176th street. . .
From 1348 northeast 725 feet
From 134!) t< i about 60 feet south-
west of East 178th street.
From 1350 to about 25 feet north-
east of East 180th street.
From 1351 to Fktst 181st street . . .
7 to
5 to
2 to
4 to
5 to
7 to
2 to
8 to
10 to
7 to
8 to
t» to
8 to
8
7 to
6 to
6 to
3 to
8 to
1 to
6 to
Referred
to U.S.
datum.
Sandy
hook.
43 to 58
53 to 56
Kind of rock, if known.
50 to 60
3 Rock.
No rock.
Rock.
No rock.
Rock.
No rock.
Rock.
N i » rock,
Rock.
No rock.
Rock.
No rock.
Rock.
No rock.
Rock.
No rock.
Rock.
No rock
Rock.
No rock
26 to 33 Rock.
No rock.
15
32 to 43,
15
HI
40 to 43
<t
8
43 to 46
10
60 to 63
9
s
64 to 67
9
12
13
40 to 66
HOBBS.'
BOKoi <;n OF
THE BRONX.
89
Summary of records of borings in New York and vicinity— Continued.
3. BORINGS IN THE OUTLYING BOROUGHS AND IN OTHER LOCALITIES NEAR NEW
YORK— Continued.
Serial
num-
ber.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Kind of rock, if known.
Borough of the Bronx — Miscellaneous. a
1353
North side 158th street, between
St. Ann's avenue and German
place.
- 30
Rock not sounded.
1354
East side Brook avenue 100 feet
south of Third avenue.
Near sur-
face
Limestone.
1355
West side of St. Ann's avenue 300
feet from Third avenue.
Hoboken, water front.
60
Rock not sounded.
1356
South end of Grand street &
40
Pier at foot of c —
1357
Newark street
134
132
Rock or bowlder.
1358
1 st street
L36
r 46
—134
Do.
1359
2d street, shore end
- 59
<
- 43
47
Do.
4!>
1360
2d street at pierhead
141
L39
Do.
Pier betwreen —
! 1361
2d and 3d streets, at dock
{ "41
I 41
I 39
Do.
1362
2d and 3d streets, at pierhead. .
-136
12,4
Do.
1363
Dock at foot of 3< 1 street
142
[ 12
140
Do.
1364
River street and 3d street
[ - 26
1 12
Do.
1365
Pier at foot of 4th street
41
39
Do.
1366
South east cornerHudson square
- 18
Ml
Do.
1367
Northeast corner Hudson square
17
f - 52.0
- 15
Do.
1368
Dock at foot of 5th street
1 — 43.0
- 40.3
J-
Do.
1369
Hoboken shore road, between
6th and 7th streets.
- 8
6
Do.
"A II
b Russ
tide. N
cNos.
water.
ipfel's Sons Brewing Company. No. 1354,
(11. r. C, Annals New York Acad. -
o. L356 in marsh at corner Hoboken
1357-1397, wash borings by Hoboken Land
well 1,600 feet
>1. 2, p. 69. Da
e and Grand s
and Improve]
deep; rock
turn assurr
treet.
nent Com {
near surface,
led at 5 feet above mean
,any. Datum, mean high
90
ROCK FLOOE OF GREATER NEW YORK.
[BULL. 270.
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity — Continued.
3. BORINGS IN THE OUTLYING BOROUGHS AND IN OTHER LOCALITIES NEAR NEW
YORK— Continued.
Location.
Hoboken, water front — Continued.
Dock at foot of 7th street
Pier at foot of 8th street ( extended )
Dock at foot of 8th street
Pier between 10th and 11th streets.
Pier at foot of 11th street
End of present dock
Pier north of 11th street end
Between 12th and 13th streets —
Dock line
Between dock line and shore . .
Shore line
Between 13th and 14th streets —
Dock line
Shore line
Pier between 14th and 15th
streets, dock line.
Between 14th and 15th streets,
about 300 feet east of east line
of Hudson street (produced).
Streets produced —
Dock line and 15th
Dock line and 16th
Depth of boring to rock,
as given.
19
73.8
70.0
72.0
41
45
22
33
38.4
25.0
75
34
95
79
43
37
20
22
27
32
77
81
28
33
58
{:
- 35
55
61
73
103
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
-17
-68
-34
-36
-23
-73
-32
-93
-77
} -38
-23
-77
-28
-56
—33
-56
• —84
Kind of rock, if known.
Rock or bowlder.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
0BBS.]
HOBOKEN.
91
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity— Continued.
3. BORINGS IN THE OUTLYING BOROUGHS AND IN OTHER LOCALITIES NEAR NEW
YORK— Continued.
Location.
Hoboken, water front— Continued.
Streets produced — Continued.
17th and Eiver
17th and Hudson
17th and Washington
17th and Bloomfield
17th and Garden
15th and Hudson boulevard
15th and Bloomfield
15th and Hudson
Washington street, between
15th and 16th.
16th and Bloomfield
16th and Washington
16th and Hudson
hoboken — Miscellaneous.
15th and Jefferson streets a
13th and Clinton streets. . .
Jefferson and Madison, between
8th and 9th streets.
Monroe and 9th streets
Depth of boring to rock,
As given.
•53
-48
-47
-46
-40
-32
35
-33
-34
-52
-44
-38
-49
-15
- 6.5
-21
-25
-24
-36
-45
-42
-43
-25
-34
-30
-31
-86
64
-40
-40
Referred
to U. S.
datum,
Sandy-
Hook.
47
36
:i7
1 -38
}-41
Kind of rock, if known.
30
76
-54
35
35
Rock or bowlder.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Sandstone.
Do.
Do.
Do.
«Nos. 1S98-1401 by New York and New Jersey Well Co.;
lack mud 10 feet, bowlders 24, sand 40, gravel 0; No.
ravel 8; Nos. 1400 and 1401— black muck 12 feet, soft soil
f white and red sandstone.
surface datum. Record of wells: No. 1398—
1399_black mud 16 feet, loam 30, sand 10,
20, rest sand with streak of gravel over top
92
BOCK FLOOR OF GREATER NEW YORK. [bull. 270
Summary of records of borings in New York and vicinity — Continued.
3. BORINGS IN THE OUTLYING BOROUGHS AND IN OTHER LOCALITIES NEAR NEW
YORK— Continued.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
Kind of rock, if known
Serial
num-
Referred
to U. S.
■
ber.
As given.
datum,
Sandy
Hook.
Hoboken— Miscellaneous— Continued.
Bavarian glass works « —
1
1402
Clinton street, between 10th
and 11th.
Jersey City.
- 80
Red shale.
:
1403
Hudson street, between Morris
and Essex. °
- 24
- 14
Gneiss.
:
1404
Grove street between 7th and 8th.
Mathiesen & Wiecher sugar fac-
tory—
- 70
- 60
Dark sandstone.
1405
Foot of Washington street,
south side Morris Canal. c
- 20
- 13
Gneiss and quartz.
:
1406
Marsh, corner of Montgomery
and Henderson streets. ^
- 15
5
Red sandstone.
1407
9th street, between Grove and
Henderson.
Pavonia Ferry —
- 70
- 60
Do.
1408
2,300 feet east of 1416
63
- 63
Serpentine
14(H)
2,850 feet east of 1416
-120
-120
Do.
1410
3,300 feet east of 1416
—179
-179
Do.
Harsimus Cove —
1411
1 , 450 feet east of Green street, on
a line halfway between 2d
and 3d streets (produced).
-160
No rock.
1412
Foot of Bartholdi avenue, 50 feet
from street e —
- 66
Trap.
1413
30 feet east of 1412
- 38
- 83
- 70
Do.
Do.
Sandstone.
1414
100 feet south of 141 2
1415
Pavonia avenue and Henderson
street. /
1416
Ninth and Henderson streets
- 70
< Jranite.
aSchrenk and Company, Ann. Rept. State Geol. New Jersey, 1901, p. 120. Record of well No. 1
Clay and sand 80 feet, red shale 120.
b Russell, I. C, Annals New York Acad. Sci., vol. 2, pp. 66-77. Nos. 1403-1407, elevations estima
borings 1408-1411 supposed to be referred to mean tide.
c White sandstone and thin bands of slate occurring below 800 feet. A few feet of rock at surf
said to be serpentine.
dRock penetrated for 200 feet, ended in whitish sandstone.
e Greenville Brewing Company, Nos. 1412-1414. section: Fine sand, 50 feet; gravel, 5; trap roc:
sand, bowlders, and gravel mixed, 26; trap rock. 15; brown sandstone, 15; black "trap" rock (bee
ing bluish as depth increased i of a soft, almost talc-like character.
/Lembeck & Betz Brewing Companv. Wells 1415 and 1416 at 150 feet struck soapstone, and 1
feet struck granite.
I0BBS.1
NEW JERSEY AND LONG ISLAND,
93
Summary of records of borings made in New York and vicinity— Continued,
1. BORINGS IN THE OUTLYING BOROUGHS AND IN OTHER LOCALITIES NEAR NEW
YORK— Continued.
lerial
lum-
ber.
Location.
Depth of boring to rock.
As given.
Referred to
U. S. datum,
Sandy Hook.
Kind of rock, if
known.
Jersey City— Continued.
417
Colgate & Co., near Pennsylvania
K. K. station. «
-35
mica.
417-/
Foot of 15th street on line of old
Hudson River tunnel, 300
feet west of bulkhead line. &
-86
4176
417c
418
Pier C, Pennsylvania R. R. bulk-
head.
Near Pier C
-40. 59
-70
-33
Do.
Sandstone.
Central Stock Yards, 500 feet
back from Hudson shore. c
419
J. Mehl & Co., Jersey City
heights. d
-20
Trap.
420
Consolidated Tracti on Company. <*
Fort Lee, N. J.
-150
Red sandstone.
121
850-foot well
(el)
Weehawken, N. J.
422
Pier No. 7, Hudson River <?
Great Neck and Greenport, L. I.
—75 to— 110
-78 to— 118
No rock.
[123
424
Hewlett Point, Great Neck (well)/
Greenport (well) /
f-230 |
{ -222
[-244 J
-670
-220
-670
Soft granite.
Soft rock.
aConlan, P. H. and J., artesian wells. Ann. Rept. State Geol. New Jersey, 1896, p. 184. Sandstone
id trap found in other wells near.
b Records ] 417a-1417c furnished by J. V. Davies, deputy chief engineer, 111 Broadway, New York.
ock in 1417c penetrated in shaft to a distance of 60 feet.
cCook, Geo. H., Ann. Rept. State Geol. New Jersey, 1882, p. 139. Record of well 1418: Mud, 70 feet;
id sandstone, 145: gneiss, 240.
d Smock, J. C, idem, 1897, p. 283. No. 1419, "trap as far as drilled;" No. 1420. "not finished at
pthof 1,400 feet;" No. 1421, " through trap 850 feet and not finished " (1901). Mentions as curious
ct that red sandstone outcrops at the surface a quarter of a mile distant,
\e Engineering Record, vol. 44, 1901, p. 620.
•/Veatch, A. C, U. S. Geol. Survey. Wei] 1423 reported as -230 by StothofT Bros., as 220 by J. H.
ierbert, who visited the well, and as 244 by Mr. Cole, who did the work. Record of well: 90 feet,
?ht gray sand, with coarse seams 5-20 feet apart and from 6 inches to 2 feet thick and containing
me clay; 140 feet, fine grav sand and quicksand; 230-512 feet, rock— soft, gray granite with mica
ins. Well 1424 penetrated extremely soft rock 20 feet.
INDEX
Page
Acknowledgments to those aiding 21, 23
Amethyst avenue, foundations on, bed rock
in 72
Amsterdam avenue, foundations on and
near, bed rock in 74-76
Anthony avenue, foundations on, bed rock
in 71
Aqueduct, new, section of Harlem River
at, bed rock in 42
Assistance from others 21, 23
Bed rock, depth and nature of, study of 20-21
depths to, tables of 30-93
exposures of 21-22
form of 21-29
maps showing 11, 20, 22
sections of 25, 26, 28
See also names of localities, streets, etc.,
Foundations, etc.
Bedloe Island, bed rock on, depth to 40
Boston road, foundations on, bed rock in.. 72
Broadway, bed rock on and near 44-45,
49-54,57,66-68,73,76,81
buildings on and near, foundations of,
bed rock in 52-54
sections along, figures showing , 28
Bronx, Borough of, bed rock in 87-89
Brooklyn, bed rock in 83-86
Brooklyn-New York tunnel, bed rock in . . . 35
Buildings in Manhattan, foundations of, bed
rock in 51-55, 71-76
Central bridge, sections of Harlem River at
and near, bed rock in 43
Cozzens.Isaachar, onNewYorkCitygeology . 12
Credner, Hermann, on New York City ge-
ology 13
Dana, J. D., on New York City geology 14
3t River, channels of, bed rock in 30-35
character of 21
sections across 32-35
East River bridge, approach to, bed rock at. 76
section at, bed rock in 32-34
East River Gas Company, tunnel of, bed
rock in 32
East River reefs, bed rock in, depth to 34
Eckel, E. C, on New York City geology. ... 16
Eighth avenue, bed rock near 55-57
Eleventh avenue, bed rock near 55, 68
section along, figure showing 28
Faulting, importance of 20
Fifth avenue, bed rock on and near 56,
57, 68-70, 80-82
buildings on and near, foundations of,
bedrock in 54-55
Page.
Fifty-ninth street, line of, bed rock on 41
First avenue, bed rock near 57-58, 74-75, 80-81
Fort Lee, N. J., bed rock at 93
Forty-second street, section of East River
on line of, bed rock on 34
Foundations in Manhattan, bed rock in 51-
55, 71-76
Fourth avenue, bed rock on 56, 58-59, 81
Fulton avenue, foundations on, bed rock in. 71
Gale, L. D., on New York City geology 12
Gneissoid "islands" in New York, location
of 12,21-22
location of, figures showing 15
Gratacap, L. P., on New York City geology. 16-17
Greatneck, N. Y. , bed rock at 93
Greenport, N. Y., bed rock at 93
Harlem, bed rock in, character of 27-28
depth to 23-24,27
Harlem River, channel of, bed rock in 41-44
sections across, figures showing 26
Hell Gate, channel at, character of 21
Highbridge, section of Harlem River at,
bed rock in 42
Hobbs, W. H., on New York City geology.. 19
Hoboken, bed rock in 89-92
water front of, bed rock at 89-91
Hudson River, area west of, bibliography
of 19
channels of , bed rock in 36-41
character of 21
sections of 40-41
Jackson avenue, foundations on, bed rock
in 72
Jersey City, bed rock in 92-93
Julien, A. A., on New York City geology. . . 17-18
Kemp, J. F., on New York City geology ... 14-16
Lenox avenue, foundations on and near,
bed rock in 73, 81
section along, figure showing 28
Lexington avenue, bed rock on 45-48,56,68
Long Island City, bed rock in 86
McAdoo tunnel, bed rock in 40
Macomb's dam, section of Harlem River at,
bed rock in 43
Madison avenue, bed rock near 56, 58, 68-69
Madison avenue bridge, section of Harlem
River at, bed rock in 44
Manhattan Island, bed rock of, depth to.. 22-24,
44-82
bed rock of, exposures of 21-22
form of 21-29
buildings on, foundations of, bed rock
in 51-55,71-76
95
96
INDEX.
Page.
Manhattan Island, channels around, bor-
ings in 30 11
engineering enterprises on 10
geology of, study of 9-29
mapso'f 15,20,22,24
discussion of 9-10
sections of 25-29
figures showing 25, 26, 28
structure of 9-29
water front of, bed rock on 30-44
Manhattan viaduct, bed rock at 66-67
Mather, \V. \\'., on New York City geology. 12
Merrill, F. J. H., on New York City geology. 15-16
Newberry, J. S., on New York City geology. 13-14
Ninth avenue, bed rock near 55 57, 81
New York-Brooklyn tunnel, bed rock in. . . 35
New York Central Railroad bridge, section
of Harlem Riverat. bed rock in. 43
One hundred and forty-fifth street bridge,
section of Harlem River at, bed
rock in 43
One hundred and tenth street, bed rock on . (8
Pane avenue, bed rock on and near 80
Park avenue bridge, section of Harlem Riv-
er at, bed rock in 11
Pennsylvania, New York and Long Island
Railroad Company, borings of,
bed rock iu 25 26
tunnel of, bed rock in 40-41
Pennsylvania Railroad, tunnel of, bed rock
in 34-35
Peet, C. E., on New York City geology 19
Queens, Borough of, bed rock in 86-87
Randall's map, character of 9
Rapid transit commission, subway of, bed
rock in 26-29, 44-49
tunnels of 10
bed rock in 35,43
Page.
Riverside Park extension, bed rock on 59-66
Riverside viaduct, bed rock at 66
Rock basement. See Bed rock.
Russell, I. C, on New York City geology. . . 14
School buildings, foundations of, bed rock
in 71-76
s.cond avenue, bed rock on and near 57-58,
69, 73-74
Second avenue bridge, section of Harlem
River at, bed rock in 44
Sections, location of, map showing 24
Seventh avenue, bed rock near 56-57, 81
Sixth avenue, bed rock near 56-57, 68, 70
Southern boulevard, bed rock on N7-88
Spuyten luiyvil bridge, section of Harlem
River at, bed rock in 41
Stevens, R. P. , on New York City geology ... 12-13
Stock Exchange building, bed rock at, map
showing li
Tenth avenue, bedrock near 56, 67,7r>,x<>-8l
Thin] avenue, bedrock near 58,69,74,79,82
Third Avenue bridge, section of Barlem
I ; i ver at, bed rock in 44
Tbirty-first street, bed rock on line of 55
Thirty-fourth street, bed rock on line of. 48-49,58
Thirty-second street, bed rock on line of... 55-57
Thirty-third street, bed rock on line of 57-58
Tu el ftli avenue, bed rock near 55,59-66
Viele, E. <;.. map of, character of 9
Wadsworth avenue, foundations on, bed
rock in 71
Washington Bridge, section of Harlem River
at, bed rock in 12
Weehawken, N. J., bed rock in 93
Westchester avenue, bed rock on 87-88
section along, figure showing 28
Willis avenue bridge, section of Harlem
River at, bed rock in
PUBLICATIONS OF UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.
[Bulletin No. 270.]
The serial publications of the United States Geological Survey consist of (1) Annual
Reports, (2) Monographs, (3) Professional Papers, (4) Bulletins, (5) Mineral
Resources, (6) Water-Supply and Irrigation Papers, (7) Topographic Atlas of
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tion; the others are distributed free. A circular giving complete lists may be had on
application.
Most of the above publications may be obtained or consulted in the following ways:
1. A limited number are delivered to the Director of the Survey, from whom they
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II ADYEKTISEMENT.
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B 144. The moraines of the Missouri Coteau and their attendant deposits, by J. E. Todd. 1896.
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B L58. The moraines of southeastern South Dakota and their attendant deposits, by J. K. Tod
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B 159. The geology of eastern Berkshire County, Massachusetts, by B. K. Emerson. 1899. 139 p]
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Geology of the Globe copper district, Arizona, by F. L. Ransome. 1903. L68 pp., 27 pis.
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B 217. Noteson the geology of southwestern Idaho and southeastern Oregon, by I. C. Russell, l
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B 235. A geological reconnaissance across the Cascade Range nearthe forty-ninth parallel, by*
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WS 123. Geology and underground water conditions of the Jornada del Muerto, New Mexico, by C. R.
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J B 265. Geology of the Boulder district, Colorado, by N. M. Fenneman. 1905. 101 pp., 5 pis.
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B 270. The configuration of the rock floor of Greater New York, by W. H. Hobbs. 1905. 96 pp., 5 pis.
Correspondence should be addressed to
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Washington, D. C.
W October, 1905.
.0
I
i
lid
LIBRARY CATALOGUE SLIPS.
[Mount each slip upon a separate card, placing the subject at the top of the
second slip. The name of the series should not be repeated on the series
card, but the additional numbers should be added, as received, to the first
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Hobbs, William Herbert, 1864 —
. . . The configuration of the rock floor of Greater
J New York, by William Herbert Hobbs. Washington,
* Gov't print, off., 1905.
96, v p. V pi. (inch 3 maps) diagrs. 23Jcm. (U. S. Geological survey.
Bulletin no. 270. )
Subject series: B, Descriptive geology, 73.
Bibliography: p. 12-20.
1. Geology — New York (City).
Hobbs, William Herbert, 1864 —
. . . The configuration of the rock floor of Greater
g New York, by William Herbert Hobbs. Washington,
¥ Gov't print, off., 1905.
96, v p. V pi. (inch 3 maps) diagrs. 23Jcm. (U. S. Geological survey.
Bulletin no. 270. )
Subject series: B, Descriptive geology, 73.
Bibliography: p. 12-20.
1. Geology — New York (City).
U. S. Geological survey.
i Bulletins.
u
* no. 270. Hobbs, W. H. The configuration of the rock
floor of Greater New York. 1905.
U. S. Dept. of the Interior.
t
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U. S. Geological survey.
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