i *-
UC-NRLF
B M lift
BIOLOGY
LIBRARY
CATALOGUE
OF THE
COLLECTION
OF
B I R D S' EGGS
IN THE
BRITISH MUSEUM.
VOLUME I.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES.
1901.
(All rights reserved.)
CATALOGUE
OF THE
COLLECTION
OF
B I EDS' EGGS
THE
BRITISH MUSEUM
(NATURAL HISTORY). :
VOLUME I.
RATITjE. CARINAT^ (TINAMIFORMES— LARIFORMES).
BY
EUGENE W. GATES.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES.
SOLD BY
LONGMANS & Co., 39 PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C. ;
B. QUARITCH, 15 PICCADILLY, W. ; DULAU & Co., 37 SOHO SQUARE, W. ;
KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & Co., CHARING CROSS ROAD, W.C. ;
AND AT THE
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), CROMWELL ROAD, 8.W.
1901.
PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS,
RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET.
PREFACE.
THE present volume has been written by Mr. Eugene W. Gates,
who is well known to Ornithologists as the Editor of the second
edition of Mr. Allan Hume's ' Nests and Eggs of Indian Birds/ and
as the author of the earlier volumes of the ' Aves' in the ' Fauna of
British India.' That he has performed his task conscientiously will
be easily perceptible from a perusal of the following pages.
The Collection of Birds' Eggs in the British Museum now
exceeds a total of 50,000 specimens. It was arranged and labelled
some few years ago by Miss Emily Mary Sharpe, under the direction
of the late Mr. Henry Seebohm and her father, Dr. Bowdler Sharpe.
On that occasion Mr. Seebohm presented to the Trustees the whole
of his collection of eggs of Palaearctic Birds, and an opportunity was
thus offered of re-arranging the entire series in the Museum. At
the same time the valuable donations of Mr. A. 0. Hume, Messrs.
Salvin and Godman, Mr. Berkeley James, and other friends of the
Museum, were incorporated.
The original collection of Birds' eggs in the British Museum was
rendered of little worth by the exposure of many precious spe-
cimens to the light of the public galleries, and by the mounting of
the study collection on wooden tablets. Most of these specimens
have perished, or have become so bleached as to be worthless for
purposes of study.
A series of the eggs of British birds, illustrating even those
of species included as ' rare ' or ' accidental visitors ' to the British
418487
VI PREFACE.
Islands, has been carefully arranged for exhibition in the Pavilion
of the Bird-Gallery, and has proved of great assistance to students
of the eggs of our native species of birds.
It is to be regretted that the whole of the first volume of this
Catalogue was printed before the valuable bequest of eggs by the
late Mr. Philip Crowley could be incorporated ; but in the future
volumes of the Catalogue the collection bequeathed by Mr. Crowley
to the nation, one of the most valuable of the donations of recent
years, will be duly chronicled.
I have to acknowledge much assistance in editing the present
volume from Dr. Bowdler Sharpe, the Assistant Keeper in charge of
the Sub-Department of Vertebrata.
E. RAY LANKESTEK,
Director.
British Museum (Natural History),
February 25, 1901.
INTRODUCTION.
THE only Catalogue of the Birds' Eggs in the Collection of the
British Museum which has hitherto been published was prepared by
the late Mr. G. R. Gray, and issued by the Trustees in 1852. It
treats only of the eggs of British birds, but does not furnish a
history of the specimens.
The present Catalogue deals with all the eggs contained in the
Collection of the Museum with the exception of those in the Exhi-
bition Galleries, which have often to be replaced. A convenient
opportunity is thus afforded for reviewing the history of the entire
collection from its earliest commencement. Many ancient eggs
dating from the time of Montagu and Bullock are still preserved
in the Museum, but they are bleached and faded almost beyond
recognition, having been exposed to the light for many years in the
Museum galleries.
An early donation seems to have been made in 1842 by Mr. D. W.
Mitchell. It consisted of some eggs of British birds, chiefly from
Cornwall. In 1844 Sir T. Wilson presented the Trustees with
some specimens from Norway. In 1847 a small donation of sea-
birds' eggs from the Mauritius was made by Admiral Sir E. Belcher;
and in the next year Dr. Rae contributed some specimens taken by
him in Repulse Bay, Arctic America.
In 1850, Captain Stanley, the Commander of H.M.S. ' Rattle-
snake,' presented to the Museum the eggs collected, during the
voyage of that ship, by Dr. J. Macgillivray, the naturalist to the
Expedition. All the specimens are of great interest and are well
authenticated. In the same year the Trustees purchased a collection
of eggs made in South Greenland by Governor Holboll.
In 1851, two collections passed into the Museum. One was
acquired from Mr. A. D. Bartlett, and the other was presented by
Sir George Grey, then Governor of New Zealand.
In 1852, the Trustees received a small collection made by
Dr. Lyall during the voyage of H.M.S. ' Acheron ' in New Zealand
Vlll INTRODUCTION.
waters; and also a considerable general collection, presented by
Mr. H. F. Walter.
Two donations were made in 1853 : one by Mr. E. L. Layard of
the eggs of Ceylonese birds, and one by Sir Kenneth Loftus of eggs
collected in Persia and Mesopotamia.
No more acquisitions appear to have been made for three years ;
but in 1856 a small collection from India was presented by Professor
Oldham, and another from Australia by Sir D. Cooper.
In 1858, the Trustees were presented with a rather large collec-
tion of British birds' eggs by Mr. F. Bond ; and in 1859 with one
formed by Dr. Lyall during the voyage of H.M.S. ' Plumper ' in the
Northern Pacific Ocean. In the same year a collection made by
Mr. T. Ayres in Natal was acquired.
A considerable interval again elapsed without any accessions to
the Collection ; but in 1863 Mr. J. K. Lord presented the specimens
he had taken in the Rocky Mountains and British Columbia, while
attached to the North American Boundary Commission, and in the
same year a valuable collection was received from Mr. Bernard R.
Boss, from the Saskatchewan and Mackenzie River Districts of
Canada.
With the exception of a donation in 1869 from Mr. E. L. Layard
of specimens collected in South Africa, no additions were made
to the Collection till 1875, when Mr. S. 0. Sahlin presented a series
of Swedish eggs.
In 1876, a particularly fine collection of eggs, procured "by the
Rev. A. E. Eaton in Kerguelen Island during the ' Transit of Venus '
Expedition, was presented to the Trustees by the Royal Society.
The accessions in 1878 consisted of a small number of specimens
from Samoa and other islands of the Pacific Ocean, procured by the
Rev. S. J. Whitmee ; and the small collection made by Sir George
Nares's Expedition to the Polar Sea in the ' Alert ' and ' Discovery,'
of which ships Col. H. W. Feilden and Mr. C. Hart were respec-
tively the naturalists.
In 1879, Admiral A. H. Markham contributed a few specimens
taken in Novaya Zemlya during his voyage in the ' Isbjorn.'
In 1880, the valuable collection formed during the Voyage of
H.M.S. ' Challenger ' was received by the Trustees ; also a collec-
tion made by Sir Hugh Low in Borneo, as well as the eggs obtained
by Dr. R. W. Coppinger during the cruise of H.M.S. ' Alert.'
In 1881, the acquisition of the late John Gould's collection of
eggs of Australian and European birds was a notable event.
INTRODUCTION.
IX
In 1884, the Museum received two small collections, one made
by Mr. John Whitehead in Corsica, and the other by Mr. E. W.
Gates in Burma.
In 1885, a particularly valuable series of eggs of Madagascan
birds was acquired from the Rev. W. Deans Cowan. They are
the only specimens from this island in the Museum, and their
value cannot be over-estimated.
It was in 1885, and almost simultaneously, that the magnificent
collections formed by Mr. Allan 0. Hume, C.B., and Messrs.
Osbert Salvin and F. DuCane Godman were presented to the
Trustees. These collections were of such magnitude that some
time necessarily elapsed before they were finally incorporated with
the general collection and made available for study.
The Hume Collection consists almost entirely of the eggs of
Indian birds. Mr. Hume seldom or never purchased a specimen,
and the large collection brought together by him in the course of
many years was the result of the willing co-operation of numerous
friends resident in India and Burma. Every specimen in the
collection may be said to have been properly authenticated by a
competent naturalist; and the history of most of the clutches
has been carefully recorded in Mr. Hume's ' Nests and Eggs of
Indian Birds,' of which two editions have been published.
The Salvin-Godmari Collection is of a more general character.
As might be expected, it is rich in eggs of American birds. Not
only did the above-named naturalists themselves collect in Central
America, but they also purchased several important collections,
chief among which should be mentioned that of Mr. T. K. Salmon,
who formed a remarkably fine collection in the United States of
Colombia. The Henshaw Collection of eggs of North-American birds
was afterwards acquired by Dr. Godman ; and the Smithsonian
Institution appears to have been ever ready to present specimens to
these two well-known naturalists. The large collection made by
Salvin in Algeria, upwards of forty years ago, is most valuable, not
only on account of the rarity of many of the specimens but for the
absolute authenticity of their identification. The eggs of European
birds are well represented ; and a small number of Indian specimens
were received from Mr. E. L. Layard (Ceylon) and Capt. R. C. Beavan
(Bengal).
In 1887, a small but valuable collection of eggs from Norfolk
Island was presented by Dr. W. M. Crowfoot.
In 1888, two small donations were received : one from Lieut.-Col.
X INTRODUCTION.
Willoughby Verner of eggs obtained by him in the Soudan ; the
other from the Royal Society, consisting of the specimens taken
on the island of Fernando Noronha by Mr. H. N. Ridley.
In 1890 the bequest of Dr. R. McCormick, consisting chiefly of
sea-birds' eggs obtained during his voyages in the * Erebus ' and
' Terror/ was received by the Trustees. Also a collection made by
Mr. W. D. Gumming in the Persian Gulf, and a few specimens
brought by Mr. St. George Littledale from Central Asia.
Considerable additions were made in 1891. Foremost among
these was the donation by Mr. Howard Saunders of his well-known
series of eggs of Gulls and Terns. Professor George Dawson's
collection, formed while he was engaged on the North American
Boundary Commission, was of considerable interest. The follow-
ing small contributions were also made : — A collection made by
Mr. J. J. Lister in the islands of the Pacific Ocean ; one made by
Captain Collinson, Commander of H.M.S. ' Enterprise,' in Arctic
America ; and, lastly, some eggs taken in North-west Australia
by Mr. J. J. Walker, during the voyage of H.M.S. « Penguin/
presented by the Admiralty.
In 1893, Mr. F. A. Philbrick, Q.C., presented a collection of
eggs of Australian birds formed by his son, mostly in Gippsland,
Victoria ; and Sir W. M. Conway gave some specimens from the
Himalayas.
It was in 1893 that the late Henry Seebohm presented his fine
collection of eggs to the Trustees. This valuable gift was brought
to the Museum in instalments, and Seebohm was engaged for two
years, with the assistance of Miss Emily Sharpe, in arranging and
incorporating his specimens with the general collection of the
Museum. In fact, he undertook to rearrange the whole series of
eggs in accordance with the * Catalogue of Birds,' which was then
approaching completion, and to incorporate the Hume, the Salvin-
Godman, and some minor collections together. This task was
fortunately completed before his death, and he left the bulk of the
collection arranged in most methodical order, with the name of
each species and the history of each clutch of eggs carefully recorded,
not only in the cabinets but also in a Catalogue which occupies
ten volumes of manuscript. The eggs of the Passeriform.es were
arranged by Miss Emily Sharpe, under her father's direction.
Seebohm's labours, as may be imagined, have greatly facilitated the
writing of the present Catalogue.
INTRODUCTION. XI
Seebohm's Collection was composed almost entirely of the eggs
of Palaearctic species of birds. Not only was he a most energetic
traveller and successful collector himself in many countries of
Europe and in Siberia, but he was in constant communication with
many well-known naturalists on the Continent. He also acquired
some reliable collections, the most noticeable of which was the
excellent collection of British birds' eggs got together by that
sterling naturalist, the late Edward Hargitt, R.I.
In 1894, the Museum received a small collection made by
Mr. 0. V. Aplin in Uruguay, and another, presented by Mr. S.
Butcher, of specimens taken on the Arabian Coast.
In 1895, Colonel J. W. Yerbury presented some birds' eggs
obtained by him near Aden, and Mr. Alexander Fry a series from
Rio de Janeiro.
The accessions in 1896 and 1897 consisted of a few eggs taken by
Mr. A. W. Anthony on the Revillagegido islands and the islands of
the Gulf of California, and presented by him. With the purchase
of the Steere collection of Philippine birds, the Trustees also acquired
an interesting series of eggs.
No less than five collections were received in 1898. First -in
importance was the fine series of eggs of Chilian birds bequeathed
to the Trustees by Mr. H. Berkeley James. Almost equally
important was the one formed by Mr. A. H. Holland in the
Argentine Republic, and purchased by the Museum. The other
collections, though small, were of great interest. Sir John Murray
presented the eggs taken by Dr. C. W. Andrews on Christmas
Island, in the Indian Ocean ; from Mr. John Whitehead were pur-
chased the specimens obtained by him in the Philippine Islands ;
and Captain G. E. H. Barrett-Hamilton presented the birds' eggs
collected by him in the islands of Bering's Straits, in the Northern
Pacific.
In 1399 the acquisitions were small but of great interest. A set
of eggs collected by the Webster-Harris Expedition to the Galapagos
Islands was added to the Collection, as well as a small number of
authenticated specimens from Costa Rica, collected by Mr. C. F.
Underwood, while Dr. Cuthbert Christy presented some interesting
eggs collected by him on the Niger.
In 1900 a large contribution of the eggs of North- American
birds, collected by Mr. W. E. D. Scott, was received in exchange
from the Princeton University, New Jersey ; a small collection
of Australian eggs was presented by Mr. Donald Mackintosh ;
Xli INTRODUCTION.
several eggs were received from Mr. C. A. Barnard, a well-known
collector in New Guinea and Northern Australia; Mr. E. S.
Moulden of Adelaide also presented some interesting specimens ;
and a few eggs, taken by Mr. A. B. Percival in British Central
Africa, were also purchased.
Since the commencement of 1901 a very fine collection of the
eggs of Chinese birds has been presented by Mr. C. B. Ilickett.
Sir George Newnes has also given to the Museum a first set of the
specimens brought back by the ' Southern Cross ' Expedition to
the Antarctic Ocean. This selection comprises the eggs of three
species of sea-birds not previously represented in the Museum.
In addition to the above, it will be seen from the following pages
that presents of specimens have been received from many naturalists.
Among these may be mentioned the Hon. C. Baring, the late
A. H. Everett, Colonel H. W. Feilden, Mr. W. E. Ogilvie Grant,
Dr. A. Giinther, Mr. Charles Hose, Colonel L. H. Irby, Mr. F. G.
Jackson, Mr. F. J. Jackson, C.B., Sir H. H. Johnston, K.C.B.,
th*e late Lord Lilford, the late Sir Henry Peek, Captain G. Savile
Keid, Dr. P. L. Sclater, Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe, and Mr. E. J.
Ussher. Many valuable eggs, laid in confinement, have been
presented from time to time by the Zoological Society of
London.
In this Catalogue, the arrangement and nomenclature of Dr.
Bowdler Sharpe's ' Hand-list of the Genera and Species of Birds '
have been adopted. This ' Hand-list ' and the ' Catalogue of the
Birds in the British Museum' have been invariably quoted through-
out the present work. The other references have been selected with
the view to present as complete a history of the eggs and nesting-
habits as possible. Good figures of the eggs are quoted, and
especial reference has been made to those authors whose reports, or
papers in periodical literature, treat of the particular specimens
in the Collection with which their names are associated.
The birds included in this volume embrace the Ratitcv and that
portion of the Carinatce extending in the ' Hand-list ' from the
Tinamiformes to the Lariformes. The total number of species
is 520 and of specimens 12,156, distributed in the following
manner : —
INTRODUCTION. Xlll
RATITJE.
No. of species. No. of specimens.
Rheiformes 2 16
Struthioniformes 4 15
Casuariiformes 7 32
Dinornithiformes 1 4
jEpyornithiformes 1 4
Apterygiformes 1 2
Tinamiformes 17 109
GaUiformes 137 2310
Hemipodii 14 262
Pteroclidiformes 9 243
Columbiformes 87 752
Opisthocomiformes 1 7
Ralliformes 54 1026
Podicipedidiformes 15 313
Colymbiformes 4 124
Sphenisciformes 10 125
Procellariiformes 48 445
Alciformes 16 926
Lariformes 92 5441
520 12,156
It appears, therefore, that the British Museum Collection contains
specimens of the eggs of about one-third of the total number of the
living or recently-extinct birds belonging to the above mentioned
Orders, as enumerated in the ' Hand-list.'
With few exceptions, the eggs now illustrated have not been
figured before. It only remains to add that the measurements of
the specimens throughout this Catalogue are invariably in English
inches.
The symbols employed in the present volume are the same as
those in the * Catalogue of Birds.' [P.] means «* Presented by,"
[C.] " Collected by," [E.] " Received in exchange."
EUGENE W. OATES.
February 20, 1901.
SYSTEMATIC IN HEX.
Sub-Class RATIT-ffi.
Order RHEIFORMES.
Family
Page
Rhea, Lath ............... 1
americana (Linn.) ...... 1
darwiui, Gould ........ 2
Order STRUTHIONIFORMES.
Family STRUTHIONID^.
Struthio, Linn ............. 2
camelus, Linn ......... 3
molybdophanes, Reichen.. 3
australis, Gurney ...... 3
masaicus, O. Neumann . . 4
Order CASUARIIFORMES.
Family DBOM^ID^.
Dromseus, Vieill ........... 4
novae-hollandiae (Lath.}. . 4
Family CASUARIIDJE.
Casuarius, Briss ........... 5
casuarius (Linn.} ...... 5
australis, Wall ........ 5
beccarii, Scl ........... 6
uniappendiculatus, Blyth, 6
papuanus, Schley ....... 6
bennetti, Gould ....... 7
Order DINORNITHIFORMES.
Family DINORNITHID^E.
Dinornis, Owen .......... 7
Order ^IPYORNITHIFORMES,
Family ^EPYORNITHID^:.
Page
^Epyornis, Is. Geoffr 8
Order AFTER YGIFORMES.
Family AFTER YGID^E.
Apteryx, Shaw 91
mantelli, Bartl 9
Sub-Class CARINAT^.
Order TINAMIFORMES.
Family TINAMID^E.
Sub-Family Tinaminae.
Tinamus, Hermann 10
robustus, Scl. 10
solitarius ( Vieill) 229
major (Gm.) 10
ruficeps, Scl. $ Salv 11
Nothocercus, Bp 11
frantzii (Lawr.) 11
intercedens, Salvad. .... 11
Crypturus, llliy 11
obsoletus (Temm.) 229
griseiventris, Salvad 11
pileatus (Bodd.) 12
cinnamomeus (Less.) .... 12
Rhynchotus, Spi.r 12
rufescens (Temm.) 12
Nothoprocta, Scl. $ Salr. . . 13
perdicaria (Kittl.) 13
curvirostris, Scl. 8f Salv. . 13
Xothura, Wagler 13
maculosa ( Temm.) 18
darwini, Gray 14
XVI
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
Sub-Family Tinamotidinse.
Calopezus, Ridgu- ......... 14
elegans (1)' Orb. $ Geofr. ) 14
Tinamotis, Vigors ........ 14
pentlandi, Vigors ...... 14
Order GALLIFORMES.
Sub-Order MEGAPODII.
Family MEGAPODIIDJE.
Megapodius, Q. # G ....... 15
nicobariensis, Blyth . . 16
cumingi, Dilhv ......... 16
eremita, Hartl ......... 16
duperreyi, Less, fy Garn. . 16
layardi, Tristr ......... 17
pritchardi, Gray ...... 17
Lipoa, Gould ............ 18
ocellata, Gould ........ 18
Talegallus, Less ........... 18
cuvieri, Less ........... 18
Catheturus, Swains ......... 18
lathami (Lath.} ........ 18
Megalocephalum, Temm. . . 19
maleo, Hartl ........... 19
Sub-Order GRACES.
Family C
Crax, Linn ............... 19
alector, Linn ........... 19
globicera, Linn ......... 20
carunculata, Temm ..... 20
Mitua, Less ............... 20
mitu (Linn.) .......... 20
Pauxis, Temm ............. 20
pauxi (Linn.) .......... 20
Penelope, M err em ........ 21
pileata, Wagler ........ 21
Ortalis, Merrem .......... 21
ruficauda (Jard.) ...... 21
albiventris ( Wagler) .... 21
maccalli, Baird ......... 21
Aburria, Reicherib ......... 22
aburri (Less.} .......... 22
Chamaepetes, Wagler ...... 22
goudoti (Less.) ........ 22
Sub-Order PHASIANI.
Family TETRAONIDJE.
Lagopus, Briss ........... 22
scoticus (Lath.) ........ 23
lagopus (Linn.) ........ 23
Page
nmtus (Montin) 24
rupestris (Gm.) 25
Lyrurus, Swains 25
tetrix (Linn.) 25
mlokosiewiczi ( Tacz.) . . 26
Tetrao, Linn 26
urogallus, Linn 26
Canacliites, Stejn 27
canadensis (Linn.) 27
Dendragapus, Elliot 27
richardsoni (Doug I.) .... 27
Tympanuchus, Gloger 28
americanus (Reichenb.) . . 28
Centrocercus, Swains, 28
urophasianus (Bp.) .... 28
Pedicecetes, Baird 28
phasianellus (Linn.) .... 28
columbianus (Ord) .... 29
Bonasa, Steph 29
umbellus (Linn.) 29
Tetrastes, Keys. % Bias 30
bonasia (Linn.} , 30
Family PHASIANID^:.
Tetraogallus, J. E. Gray 31
tibetanus, Gould. 31
altaicus (Gebler) 31
himalayensis(J". E. Gray). 31
caspius (Gm.) 32
caucasicus (Pall.) 32
Caccabis, Kaup 32
saxatilis ( Wolf $ Meyer). 32
chukar ( J. E. Gray) 33
rufa (Linn.) 34
petrosa (Gm.) 34
Aminoperdix, Gould 35
bonhami (Fraser) 35
heyi (Temm.) 36
Francolinus, Stephens 36
francolinus (Linn.) .... 36
chinensis (Osbeck) 37
pictus (J.tyS.) 37
pondicerianus ( Gm.) 37
kirki, Hartl 38
africanus (Steph.) 38
gularis ( Temm.) 38
bicalcaratus (Linn.) .... 39
sharpei, Ogilvie Grant . . 39
capensis (Gm.) 39
Pternistes, Wagler 40
nudicollis (Bodd.) 40
infuacatus, Cab 229
Perdix, Briss 40
perdix (Linn.) 40
hodgsoniee (Hodgs.) .... 40
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
XV11
Page
Perdicula, Hodys 41
asiatica (Lath.) 41
argoondak (Sykes) 41
Microperdix, Gould 41
erythrorhyncha (Sykes) . . 41
Arboricola, Hodgs 42
torqueola ( Vale-nc.) .... 42
atrigularis, Blyth 42
crudigularis (Swinh.*). ... 43
intermedia, Blyth 43
rufigularis, Blyth 43
Rollulus, Bonn. ' 43
roulroul (Scop.') 43
Melanoperdix, Jerdon 44
nigra ( Vigors) 44
Coturnix, Bonn 44
coturnix (Linn.} 44
africana (T. $ S.) 45
japonica, T. Sf S 45
coromandelica (Gm.) .... 45
pectoralis, Gould 46
novse-zealandisB ( Q. fy G.) 46
Syncecus, Gould 46
australis ( Temm.) 46
raalteni (Milll. $ Schleg.). 47
Excalfactoria, Bp 47
chinensis (Linn.) 47
lineata (Scop.) 48
Bambusicola, Gould 48
fytchei, Anders 48
thoracica (Temm.) .. 49,230
sonorivox, Gould 49
Galliperdix, Blyth 49
spadicea (Gm.) 49
lunulata ( Valenc.) 50
Ithagenes, Wayler 50
geoffroyi, Verr 50
Tragopan, Cuvier 50
satyra (Linn.) 50
melanocephalus(«7..Z2.G?ray). 51
temmincki (J. E. Gray). . 51
blythi (Jerd. ) 51
Lophophorus, Temm 52
impeyanus (Lath.) 52
Lophura, Fleming 52
rufa(JK^.) 52
nobilis (Sclater) 52
Lobiophasis, Sharps 53
bulweri, Sharpe 53
Crossoptilum, Hodys 53
tibetanum (Hodys.) .... 53
manchuricum, Sivinh. . . 53
Gennseus, Wayler 54
albicristatus ( Vty.) .... 54
melanonotus (Blyth) .... 54
horsfieldi (Gray) 55
VOL. I.
Pago
lineatus ( Vig.) 55
nycthemerus (Linn.) .... 5.~>
swinhoei (Gould) 56
Pucrasia, Gray 66
macrolopha (Less.) 56
Catreus, Cabanis 56
wallichi (Hardw.) 56
Phasianus, Linn 57
colchicus, Linn 57
torquatus, Gm 57
versicolor, Vieill 58
scintillans, Gould 58
Calophasis, Elliot 58
ellioti (Swinh.) 58
Chr}rsolophus, J. JE. Gray . . 58
pictus (Linn.) 58
amherstiaB (Leadb.) .... 59
Gallus, Briss. ~ 59
gallus (Linn.) 59
lafayettei, Less 60
sonnerati, Temm 60
Argusianus, Rcifin , . . . 61
argus (Linn.) 61
grayi (Elliot) 61
Pavo, Linn ..... 61
cristatus, Linn , . . . 61
muticus, Linn 62
Family NUMIDID^E.
Numida, Linn 62
meleagris, Linn. . 63
coronata, Gray 63
mitrata, Pall 63
Aery Ilium, Gray 63
vulturinum (Hardw.) . . 63
Family MELEAGRID^:.
Meleagris, Linn 64
gallopavo, Linn 64
fera, Vieill. 64
Agriocharis, Chapman 65
oceUata (Cuv.) 65
Family ODONTOPHORIDJE.
Dendrortyx, Gould 65
leucophrys ( Gould) .... 65
Oreortyx, Baird 66
pictus (Dougl.) 66
Lophortyx, Bp 66
calif omic\i$(Shaw8rNodd.) 66
Eupsychortyx, Gould 66
leucopogon (Less.) 66
nigrigularis (Gould) .... 67
hypoleucus, Gould 67
6
XV111
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
Colinus, Less 67
virginianus (Linn.} 67
texarms (Law>°.) 68
cubanensis (Gould) 68
Cyrtonyx, Gould 68
montezumeB ( Vig.} 68
Odontophorus, Vieill 69
inarmoratus (Gould] .... 69
Order HEMIPODII.
Family TURNICIDJE.
Turnix, Bonn 69
pugnax ( Temm.) 69
fasciata (Temm.) 70
powelli, Guillem 70
sylvatica (Desf.) 71
lepurana (Smith) 71
dussuraieri (Temm.) .... 71
tanti, Blyth 72
nigricollis (Gm.) 72
melanogaster (Gould) . . 72
varia (Lath.) 72
castanonota (Gould) .... 73
pyrrkothorax (Gould) . . 73
velox (Gould) 73
Pedionomus, Gould 74
torquatus, Gould 74
Order PTEROCLIDIFORMES.
Family PTEROCLIDID^J.
Syrrhaptes, Illiger 75
paradoxus (Pall.) 75
tibetanus, Gould 75
Pteroclidurus, Bp 75
alcliatus (Linn.) 75
pyrenaicus (Briss.) 76
namaquus (Gm.) 76
exustus ( Temm.) 77
Pteroclis, Temm 78
arenarius (Pall.~\ 78
coronatus, Licht 78
fasciatus (Scop.) 79
Order OOLUMBIFOKMES.
Sub-Order COL TMBJE. ' ,
Family TKERONIB^.
Sub -Family Treroninae.
Sphenocercus, Gray 80
sphenurus ( Vig. ) 80
Vinago, Cnv 80
delalandei (Bp.) 80
Page
Crocopus, Bp 81
phoenicopterus (Lath.) . . 81
chlorigaster (Blyth) .... 81
Treron, Vieill 82
nipalensis (Hodgs.) ...,,' 82
Osmotreron, Bp 82
phayrei, Blyth 82
malabarica (Jerd.) 82
loicincta (Jerd.) 82
vernans (Linn.) 83
Pliabotreron, Bp 83
leucotis (Temm.) 83
Sub-Family Ptilopodinae.
Ptilopus, Swains 83
perousei, Peale 83
swainsoni, Gould 83
ewingi, Gould 83
fasciatus, Peale 84
Lamprotreron, Bp 84
superba (Temm. fy Knip). 84
Thoracotreron, Saload 230
strophium (Gould) 230
Megaloprepia, Reichenb 84
assimilis (Gould) 84
puella (Less.) 85
Sub-Family Carpophaginae.
Carpophaga, Selby 85
insularis, Blyth 85
eenea (Linn.) 85
rhodinolaema, Scl. 85
Ducula, Hodgs 86
cuprea (Jerd.) 86
griseicapilla, Walden .... 86
Myristicivora, Reichenb 86
bicolor (Scop.) 86
spilorrhoa (Gray) 86, 230
Family COLUMBIDJE.
Sub-Family Columbinae.
Columba, Linn 87
livia, Bonn 87
intermedia, Strickl 87
oenas, Linn 88
phaeonota, G. R. Gray . . 89
leucocephala, Linn 89
speciosa, Gm 89
araucnna, Less 89
laurivora, Webb fy Berth. 89
bollei, Godman 90
palumbus, Linn 90
casiotis (Bp.) 91
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
XIX
Page
elphinstonei (Sykes) .... 91
ianthina, Temm 91
Sub- Family Macropygiinee.
Macropygia, Swains 91
tuMJia (Hocfyt.) 91
Sub-Family Ectopistinse.
Ectopistes, Stcains 92
migratorius (Linn.} .... 92
Family PERISTERIDJE.
Sub-Family Zenaidinae.
Zenaidura, Bp 92
carolinensis {Linn.} .... 92
7«-naida, Bp 93
meridionalis (Lath.} .... 93
auricalata (Des Murs) . . 93
ruficauda, G. R. Gray . . 93
Mflopelia, Bp 94
leucoptera (Linn.} 94
Sab-Family Turturinae.
Tiu-tur, Selby 94
turtur (Linn.} 94
Isabel linu s, Bp 95
fen-ago (Eversm.) 95
orientalis (Lath.) 95
Ilomopelia, Salvad. . 95
picturata ( Temm.} 95
Streptopelia, Bp 96
semitorquata (Riepp.) .... 96
dussumieri (Temm.} .... 96
capicola ( Finsch # Hartl. } 96
douraca (Hodgs.) 96
<Enopopelia? Blanf. 97
humilis (Temm.) 230
tranquebarica (Herm.} . . 97
Spilopelia, Snr»dev 98
chinensis (Scop.) 98, 230
tigrina ( Temm. fy Knip). . 98
suratensis (Gm.) 99
Stigmatopelia, Sundev 99
senegalensis (Linn.) .... 99
camtt)ayensis (Gm.) 100
Sub-Family Geopeliinse.
t Jeopelia, Sicains 100
liumeralis (Temm.) .... 100
Btiiata (Linn.) 101
Sub-Family Peristerinse.
Page
Columbula, Bp 101
picui ( Temm.) 101
Chamaepelia, Swains 101
passerina (Linn.) . . 101, 231
miziana (d'Orb.) 102
Peristera, Swains 231
preoffroyi (Temm. & Knip) 231
Metriopelia, Bp 102
melanoptera (Mol.) .... 102
Sub-Family Phabinse.
(Enar Selby 102
capensis (Linn.) 102
Tympanistria, Reichenb 103
tympanistria (Temm. fy
Knip) 103
Chalcophaps, Gould 103
chrysochlora, Wagler. ... 103
indica (Linn.) 103
Phaps, Selby 103
chalcoptera (Lath.) .... 103
elegans (Temm. Sf Knip) 104
Ilistriopbaps, Salvad 104
histrionica (Gould) 104
Geophaps, Gould 104
scripta ( Temm.) 104
Ocyphaps, Gould lOo
"lophotes (Temm.) 10-5
Sub-Family Geotrygoninae.
Leptoptila, Swains 105
fulviventris, Lawr 105
reichenbachi, Pelz 231
cerviniventris, Scl. 8f Salv. 105
Geotrygon, Gosse 105
montana (Linn.) 105
Phlogoenas, Reichenb 106
samoensis, Finsch 106
Leucosarcia, Gould 106
picata (Lath.) 106
Sub-Family Calcenadinae.
Caloenas, Gray 106
nicobarica (Linn.) 106
Family GOURIDA.
Goura, Steph 107
coronata (Linn.) 107
victoria (Frasei-) 107
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Family DIDUNCULIDJE.
Page
Didunculus, Peale 107
strigirostris (Jard.) .... 107
Order OP1STHOCOMIFORMES.
Family OPISTHOGOMID^.
Opisthocomus, Illiger 108
hoazin (P. L. S. Mull.) . . 108
Order RALLIFORMES.
Family RALLIDJE.
Sub-Family Rallinse;
Rallus, Linn 109
elegans, Audub 109
crepitans, Gm. . 109
Virginian as, Linn 110
antarcticus, King 110
aquaticus, Linn 110
Limnopardalis, Cab Ill
sanguinolentus (Swains.) . Ill
Hypoteenidia, Reichenb Ill
striata (Linn.) Ill
obscurior, Hume 112
brachypus (Swains.) .... 112
philippinensis (Linn.) . . 113
Eulabeornis, Gould .- 113
ca stan ei venter, Gould . . 113
Aramides, Pucker 113
albiventris, Lawr 113
ypacaha ( Vieill.) 114
saracura (Spix) 231
Ocydromus, Wagler 114
australis (Sparrm.) .... 114
Dryolimnas, Sharpe 114
cuvieri (Pucker.} 114
Castanolimnas, Sharpe 115
canningi (Blyth) 115
Crex, Bechst 115
erex (Linn.) . •. 115
Zapornia, Leach 116
parva (Scop.) 116
Porzana, Vieill 116
porzana (linn.) 116
Carolina (Linn.) 117
pusilla, Pall. 117
auricularis, Reichenb 118
Sarothrura, Heine 118
insularis (Sharpe) 118
Creciscus, Cab 119
jamaicensis (Gm.) 119
albigularis (Laivr.) 119
cayennsnsis (Bodd.) .... 119
Page
Limnobaenus, Sundev liJO
fuscus (Linn.) 120,231
Amaurornis, Reichenb 120
olivacea (Meyeri) 120
akool (Sykes) 120
phcenicura(^ors^r; .121,232
Tribonyx, Du Bus 122
mortieri, Du Bus. ...... 122
Microtribouyx, Sharpe .... 122
ventralis (Gould) 122
Pareudiastes, Hartl. $ Finsch 122
pacificus, Hartl. $ Finsch 122
Porphyriornis, Allen 123
nesiotis (Sol.) 123
Gallinula, Briss 123
tenebrosa, Gould 123
chloropus (Linn.) 123
galeata, Bp 124, 232
Porphyriops, Pucker 125
melanops ( Vieill.) 125
Gallicrex, Blyth 125
cinerea (Lath.) 125, 232
Porphyriola, Blyth 126
alleni (Thorns.) 126
martinica (Linn.) 126
Porphyrio, Briss 127
caeruleus ( Vandelli) .... 127
poliocephalus (Lath.) .... 127
smaragdinus, Temm 128
samoensis, Peale 128
melanonotus, Temm 128
Sub-Family Fulicinse.
Fulica, Linn 129
atra, Linn 129
cristata, Gm 130
armillata, Vieill 130
gigantea, Eyd. fy Soideyet 131
ruh'frons, PhilippifyLandb. 131
americana, Gm 131
leucoptera, Vieill 132
Order PODICIPEDIDIFORMES.
Family PODICIPEDID^:.
Podicipes, Lath 133
fluviatilis (Tunst.) 133
philippinensis (Bonn.) . . 133
capensis, Licht 134
novae-holla ndise, Steph. . . 134
dominicus (Linn.) 134
americanus, Garnot .... 135
Dytes, Kaup 135
auritus (Linn.) 135
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
XXI
Page
Proctopus, Kaup .......... 130
nigricollis (Brehm) ____ 136
californicus (Heerm.} .... 136
Lophaethyia, Kaup ........ 136
eristata (Linn.} ........ 136
irriseigena (Bodd.) ...... 137
holboelli (JReinh.) ...... 137
./Echmophorus, Cones ...... 138
major CffocHl) .......... 138
occidentals (Lawr.) .... 138
Podilymbus, Less ......... 138
podicipes (Linn.) ...... 138
Order COLYMBIFORMES.
Family COLYMBIDJE.
Colymbus, Linn ........... 139
septentrionalis, Linn. . . 139
arcticus, Linn ......... 140
pacificus, Lawr ......... 141
glacialis, Linn ......... 142
Order SPHEN1SCI FORMES.
Family SPHENISCID^E.
Aptenodytes. Forst .......
patagonica, Forst .......
Pygoscelis, Wagler . . . .....
* papua (Forst.} ____ 14%
adeliae (Hombr. $ Jacq.) .
Catarrkactes, Briss .......
chrysocome (Forst.) . . 144,
schlegeli (Finsoh)
Eudyptula, Bp. . . ..
minor (Forst.)
Spheniscufl, Briss
demerstis (Linn.)
humboldti, Meyen .
magellanicus (Forst.)
143
143
143
232.
232.
144
232
232
145
145
145
145
145
146
146
Order PROCELLARIIFORMES.
Family PROCELLARIIDJE.
Sub-Family Procellariinae.
Procellaria, Linn ......... 147
pelagica, Linn ......... 147
Halocyptena, Coues ........ 147
raicrosoma, Coues ...... 147
Oceanodroma, Reichenb ..... 148
leucorrhoa ( Vieill.) ____ 148
castro. Hare ........... 1 48
macrodactyla, Bryant . . 149
Page
socorroensis, C. H. Towns. 1 49
melania (Bp.) 14t)
Sub-Family Oceanitinae.
Oceanites, Keys, fy Bias 1 50
oceanica (Kuhl) 150
Garrodia, Forbes 150
nereis (Gould) 150
Pelagodroma, Reichenb 150
marina (Lath.) 150
Fregetta, Bp 151
rnelanogaster (Gould) . . 151
albigularis (Finsch) .... 151
Family PUEFINIB^E.
Sub-Family Puffininse.
Puffinus, J?rm. 152
cuneatus, Salvin 152
chlororhynchus, Less. . . 152
kuhli (Boie) 152
pviffinus (Linn) 153
yelcouan (Acerbi) 154
opisthomelas, Cones .... 154
auduboui, Finsch 154
subalaris, Ridgw 154
assimilis, Gould 155
carneipes, Gould 155
tenuirostris (Temm.) .... 155
nativitatis, Streets 156
Majaqueus, Reichenb 156
requinoctialis (Linn.) .... 156
(Estrelata, Bp 156
lessoni ( Garn.) 156
parvirostris (Peale) .... 157
brevirostris (Less.) 157
neglecta (Sckl.) 157
Pagodroma, Bp 233
nivea (Gm.) 233
Bulweria, Bp 157
buhveri (J. $ S.) .. 157, 233
Sub-Family Fulmarinae.
Ossifraga, Hombr. fy Jacq. . . 158
gigantea (Grin.) 158
Fulmarus, Steph 158
glacialis (Linn.) 158
glupischa, Stejn 159
Daption, Steph 159
capensis (Linn.) 159
Halobsena, Is. Geoff r 1(10
caerulea (Gm.) 160
Prion, Lacep 160
vittstus (Gm.) 160
desolatus (Gm.) 160
XXII
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Family PELECANOIDIDJE.
Page
Pelecanoides, Lacep 161
urinatrix (Gm.) .... 161, 233
garnoti (Less.) 161
Family DIOMEDEIDJE.
Piomedea, Linn 162
exulans, Linn 162
rep-ia, Butter 162
chionoptera, Salvin .... 102
albatrus, Pall 162
irrorata, Salvin 163
nigripes, Audub 163
melanophrys, Temm. 163; 233
Phcebetria, Re\chenb 164
fuliginosa (Gm.) 164
Order ALCIFORMES.
Family ALCID^E.
Sub-Family Alcinse.
Plautus, Brunnich 164
impennis (Linn.) 164
Alca, Linn 165
torda, Linn 165
Alle, Link 166
alle (Linn.) 166
Una, Briss 167
troile (Linn.) . . 167, 233
californica (Bryant) .... 168
lomvia (Pall.) 168
arra (Pall.) 169
Cepphus, Pall 169
grylle (Linn.) 169
Pseuduria, Sharpe 171
columba (Pall.) 171
snowi (Stejn.) 171
Sub-Family Fraterculinae.
Ptychorhamphus, Brandt , . 171
aleuticus (Pall.) 171
Simorkynchus, M err em .... 172
cristatellus (Pall.) 172
pusillus (Pall.) 172
Lunda, Pall 172
cirrhata (Pall.) 172
Fratercula, Briss 173
arctic a (Linn.) 173
corm'culata (Naum.) .... 174
Order LARIFORMES.
Family LARIDJE.
Sub-Family Sterninse.
Ilydrochelidon, Boie 174
" inz) 174
Page
hybrida (Pall.) 175
nigra (Linn.) 175
surinamenais (Gm.) .... 176
Phaetbusa, Wagler 176
magnirostris (Licht.) .... 176
Gelochelidon, Brehm ........ 177
anglica (Mont.) 177
Hydro progne, Kau,p 178
caspia (Pall.) 178
Seena. Blyth 179
seena (Sykes) 179
Sterna, Linn. . 179
melanogaster, Temm. . . 179
forsteri, Nutt 180
albistriata (Gray) 181
virgata, Cab 181
vittata, Gm 181
hirundinacea, Less. . . 182, 233
fluviatilis, Naum 182
macrura, Naum. 183
Ibngipennis, Nordm. .... 185
albigena, Licht. 185
dougalli, Mont 186
cantiaca, Gm 1 86
maxima, Bodd. 187
media, Horsf. 188
berg-ii, Lit-ht ] 88
frontalis, Gray 189'
aleutica, Baird 1 89
lunata, Peale 190
anaestheta, Scop. . . 190, 233
fuliginosa, Gm 191
nereis (Gould) 192'
sinensis (Gm.) 192
minuta, Linn. 193
saundersi, H-ume 194
antillarum (Less.) 194
superciliaris, Vieitt 195
melanaiichen, Temm. . . 195
trudeaui, Audub 196
Procelsterna, Lafresn 196
cserulea (F. D. Bennett) . . 196
cinerea (Gould) 197
Anous, Steph 197
stolidus (Linn.) 197
ridgwayi, Anthony 198
galapagenis, Sharpe .... 198
Micranous, Saunders 199
tenuirostris (Temm.). . . . 199
leucocapillus (Gould) . . 199
Gygis, Wagler 200
alba (Sparrm.) 200
Sub-Family Rhyncopinse.
Rhynchops, Linn 200
nigra, Linn 200
melanura, Sivains 201
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
XX111
Page
flavirostris, Vieill. 202
albicollis, Swains 202
Sub-Family Larinae.
Xeina, Leach 203
sabinei (J. Sabine) 203
Creagrus, Bp 203
furcatus (Neboux) 20.' >
Larus, Linn 204
minutus, Pall 204
ichthyaetus, Pall. 204
melauocephalus, Natt. . . 205
Philadelphia (Ord) 205
franklini, Swains. '8f Rich. 206
atricilla, Linn 206
cirrhocephalus ( Vieitt. ) . . 207
maculipennis, Licht 207
glaucodes, Meyen 208
ridibundus. Linn 208
hemprichi (Bruch) .... 209
crassirostris, Vieili. .... 209
gelastes, Thienem 210
novae-hollandiae, Steph. . . 210
scopulinus, Gray 211
hartlaubi (Bruch) 211
marinus, Linn 211
dominicanus, Licht. . 212, 234
fuscus, Linn 213
affinis, Reinh 214
occidentalis, Audub 215
Page
argentatus, Cfm 215
cachinnans, Pall 21(>
audouini, Payr 216
delawarensis, Ord .... 217
californicus, Lawr 217
canus, Linn 218
brachyrhynchus, Richard-
son 219
glaucescens, Naum 219
glaucus, Fubr 220
leucopterus, Faber 221
Gabianus, Bruch 221
pacificus (Lath.) 221
Leucophaeus, Bruch 222
scoresbyi' (Traill) 222
Pagophila, Kaup 222
eburnea (Phipps) 222
Rissa, Steph 223
rissa (Linn.) 2^3
brevirostris (Bruch) .... 224
Family STERCORARIID^:.
Megalestris, Bp 224
catarrhactes (Linn.) .... 224
chilensis, Bp 225
antarctica (Lass.) 226
maccormicki (Sounders) . 226
Stercorarius, Briss 227
crepidatus (Banks) .... 227
parasitic us (Linn.) 228
Class AVES.
Sub-Class EATIT^l.
Order RHEIFORMES.
Family RHEID.E.
Genus RHEA, Lath.
[Cf. Nathusius,/./ O. 1896, p. 257.]
The eggs of the Rheas are elliptical in form, and in some instances
biconical. The shell is very strong, smooth and closely pitted
with pores. The majority are glossy ; a few are entirely without
gloss.
Rhea americana (Linn.).
Rhea americana, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Voy. tab. ii. fig. 1 (1845-54) ;
Sclater, P. Z. S. 1863, p. 234; Hudson, P. Z. 8. 1872, p. 535 ; Gibson,
Ibis, 1885, p. 283; Claraz, P. Z. S. 1885, p. 324; Scl. 8f Huds.
Argent. Orn. ii. p. 216 (1889) ; Holland, Ibis, 1892, p. 214; Schalow,
J. f. O. 1894, p. 12 ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 578
(1895) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 1 (1899).
The eggs of the Common "Rhea in the Collection vary in colour
between parchment-white and pale yellow. They also vary in size
very considerably, and it is probable that those of the first year are
much smaller than those subsequently laid. Full-sized eggs measure
from 5-3 to 6 in length and from 3-55 to 3-95 in breadth. A small
specimen collected by Mr. A. H. Holland measures only 3-15 by 2-45.
1. Buenos Ayres. C. J. Jessop, Esq. [P.].
1. Buenos Ayres. W. Parish, Esq. [P.],
1. Argentine Republic. W. Moncreiflfe, Esq. [P.l.
1. Argentine Republic, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.J.
2. Rio Grande do Sul. Dr. von Ihering [PJ.
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gardens, London).
3. Lilford Aviaries. Lord Lilford [P.].
VOL. I. B
RHE1DJ2. - STUTJTHIONID^fi.
fc
Rhea darwini,
Rhea darwini, Thien.Fortpflanz.ges. Vog. tab. ii. fig. 2 (1845-54) ; Hudson,
p. 316; Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 1 (1899).
When fresh, the eggs of Darwin's Rhea are, according to
Mr. Hudson, of a deep, rich green colour. Some specimens in the
Collection have faded to a parchment-white ; others to a pale buff,
dull green or yellow. They measure from 5*2 to 5-4 in length,
and from 3* 4 to 3' 7 in breadth.
1. South America. Georges Claraz, Esq. [P.].
2. South America. Sir W. Burnett [P.J.
1. Argentine Republic. R. Lydekker, Esq. [P.],
1. Patagonia. W. Moncreiffe, Esqt [P.].
1. Patagonia. Gould Coll.
Rhea nana, described by Mr. Lydekker (Knowledge, xvii. 1894,
p. 265 ; Revista del Museo de la Plata, vi. 1894, p. 103, with fig.
of egg; P. Z. S. 1894, p. 654; Salvad. Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii.
p. 578, 1895), is at present known only from an egg. A cast
of this is in the British Museum Collection. It is a perfect ellipse
in form and measures 3-4 by 2-65. A cast of a somewhat similar
egg, measuring 3'65 by 2-7, has been presented to the British
Museum by Dr. Berg. It will be noticed that both these examples
are larger than the small egg of R. americana collected by
Mr. Holland, the measurements of which are given above. .The
validity of R. nana as a species, viewed in the light of the small
size of its egg, would therefore appear to be doubtful.
Order STRUTHION IFO KM ES.
Family STRUTHIONID^E.
Genus STRUTHIO, Linn.
The eggs of the Ostriches are spheroidal in form. The shell is
extremely strong, very smooth, and highly glossy.
Four species of Ostriches are known, but their geographical range
has not yet been accurately ascertained.
The eggs of S. camelus may be recognized by the absence of
punctures or pores on the shell, but those of the remaining three
species cannot be discriminated one from the other.
8TRT7THIO.
Struthio camelus, Linn.
Struthio camelus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. iii. (1845-54) ; Hardy,
Compt. Rend. xlvi. p. 1272 (1858); Tristram, Ibis, 1860, p. 72;
Sclater, P. Z. S. 1863, p. 233 ; Nathusius, J. f. O. 1885, p. 165, taf. 2.
fig. 3; Schalow, J.f. O. 1894, p. 5; Salvador*, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxvii. p. 572 (1895) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 2 (1899).
The few eggs of the Northern Ostrich in the Collection vary in
colour. One is of a parchment- white, and two are of a pale greenish
yellow. A fourth is of a dead white, without any gloss. They
may be distinguished by their extreme smoothness, and by the
absence of those pits or pores which are so characteristic of the eggs
of the other species of Ostriches. There are, it is true, a few minute
pores, but they can only be detected when the shell is closely scruti-
nized, not otherwise. Four eggs measure respectively : 6 by 5 ; 5'7
by 4-75 ; 6 by 4-9 ; 6 by 5.
1. North Africa.
1. North Africa.
2. Jebba, Upper Niger River,
23rd Jan.
Old Collection.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Capt. G. Fanshawe Abadie [P.].
Struthio molybdophanes, Reichen.
Struthio molybdophanes, Henke, ZeiUchr. ges. Orn. 1884, p. 219, taf. xii. ;
Nathusius, J.f. O. 1885, p. 165, taf. 2. fig. 2 ; Schalow, J.f. O. 1894,
p. 7 ; Sakadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 574 (1895) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l i. p. 2 (1899).
The three eggs of the Somali-land Ostrich in the Collection are of
a parchment-white or dull yellowish, plentifully covered with deep
pores or pits, which are of a deep purple colour, very distinct, and
of a large size. They measure respectively : 5'9 by 4-85 ; 5*9 by
4-65 ; 5-9 by 4-8.
1. Somali-land. Old Collection.
2. Somali-land. Purchased.
Struthio australis, Gurney.
Struthio australis, Henke., Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1884, p. 220, taf. xii.;
Nathusius, J.f. O. 1885, p. 165, taf. 2. fig. 1, taf. 3. figs. 4-8 ; Layard,
Bird* S. Africa, Sharpe s ed. p. 791 (1875-84); Schalow, J.f. O.
1894, p. 9 ; Sakadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 575 (1895) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 2 (1899).
The eggs of the Cape Ostrich cannot, with certainty, be separated
from those of S. molybdophanes nor from those of the next species.
Judging, however, from the few examples available for examination,
the eggs of the present species would appear to have the pores or
pits on the shell finer and smaller and of a somewhat paler colour.
They vary in size from 5'7 to 6'3 in length, and from 4-8 to 5
in breadth.
2. South Africa.
1. Cape of Good Hope.
1. Cape Colony.
Old Collection.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
P. L. Sclater, Esq. [P.].
STRUTHIONIDJE.
Struthio masaicus, 0. Neumann.
? Struthio camelus, var. meridionalis, Scl. List Vert. An. 1862r p. 71 *.
Struthio masaicus, O. Neumann, J.f. O. 1898, p. 1243; Sharpe, Hand-L
i. p. 2 (1899).
The eggs of the Masai-land Ostrich, do not appear to differ from
those of S. molybdophunes. The pores or pits are equally numerous
and of the same deep purple colour, except in one specimen, where
these are only slightly darker than the shell itself. The eggs vary
in size from 5-6 to 61 in length, and from 4-8 to 5 in breadth.
2. Masai-land. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [P.].
1. Kilimanjaro District (Hdmwood). P. L. Sclater, Esq. [P.l
1. Kilimanjaro District (H. H. Johnston}. P. L. Sclater, Esq. [P.J.
Order C A SU A HI I FORMES.
The eggs of the Emus- and Cassowaries are typically biconical in
form, occasionally elliptical and rarely oval.
The shell is extremely strong, and is covered with a close and
intricate network of raised lines and granulations which covers
about two-thirds of its surface. The shell itself is dull, but the
raised lines and granulations are extremely glossy.
Some specimens laid in confinement are perfectly smooth, and
entirely want even traces of the raised lines and granulations.
Mr. E. Hartert informs me that he believes the eggs of all the
Cassowaries, when first laid, are of a bright green colour,
Family
Genus DROMJEUS, Vieill.
Dromaeus novae-hollandiae (Lath.}.
Casuarius novge-hollandise, TTiien. Fortpftanz. ges. Vdg. tab. i. fig. 2
(1845-54).
'Dromseus uovse-hollandise, Sclater, P. Z. S. 1863, p. 234; Gould, Handb.
Birds Austr. ii. p. 200 (1865) ; Campbell, N. $ JE. Ausfr. Birds,
p. 52 (1883) ; North, N. 8f E. Austr. Birds, p. 292 (1889) ; Schalow,
J. f. O. 1894, p. 15 ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 586
(1895) ; Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 2 (1899).
The eggs of the Emu present the general appearance of being of
a very dark greenish-brown, dark purplish-brown, deep olive-brown
or brownish-buff colour. On a close examination, however, it will
be observed that the shell itself where visible is of a pale buff or dingy
green colour, and that its dark aspect is due entirely to the colour
of the raised lines and granulations.
* The Hon. Walter Rothschild informs me that he believes S. meridionalis
of Solater to be identical with & masaicus of Neumann.
CASCARIID^L
One example in the Collection, laid in confinement, is quite smooth
and uniformly of a clear bluish-green colour.
The eggs measure from 4-9 to 6 in length, and from 3* 15 to 3*8
in breadth.
3. Of uncertain origin.
1. Swan River, W. Australia.
1. Australia (Slate).
2. Australia.
1. S. Australia.
1 . Tasmania.
1. Tasmania.
3. Laid in confinement.
1. Laid in confinement.
1. Laid in confinement.
Old Collection.
Government of Western
Australia [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Donald Macintosh, Esq. [P.].
Sir T. Davenport [P.I.
Dr. Milligen [P.].
R. J. Mercer, E.sq. [P.].
Sir E. G. Loder [P.].
W. (i. Lettson, Esq. [P.],
Sir II. Peek [P.].
Family CASUARIID^E.
Genus CASUARIUS, Briss.
Casuarius casuarius (Linn.).
Casuarius emeu, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 2, tab. i. fig. 1 (1845-54).
Casuarius galeatus, Sclater, P. Z. S. 1863, p. 234 ; Schalow, J.f. 0. 1894,
p. 18; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 592 (1895).
Casuarius beccarii, Pelzeln, Ibis, 1881, p. 401.
Casuarius casuarius, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 3 (1899).
The sole egg of the Common Cassowary in the Collection is
perfectly smooth, fairly glossy, and of a rather bright green colour.
The shell is a good deal disintegrated towards the larger end, and
portions of an inner shell, of a pale yellowish-green colour, are
visible. This specimen was laid in captivity, and is probably
abnormal. It measures 5*7 by 3'35.
Von Pelzeln (I. c.) describes an egg of this bird as being " pale
olive-green, with tubercles of a vivid green colour equally distributed
over the whole surface."
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens,
London).
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Casuarius australis, Wall.
Casuarius australis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 206 (1865) ; North,
N. SfE. Austr. Birds, p. 294, pi. xv. (1889) ; Schalow, J. f. O. 1894,
p. 24 ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 594 (1895) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 3 (1899).
The shell of the egg of the Australian Cassowary is of a buff
colour. In two of the specimens in the Collection, the reticulations
are of a slightly darker shade of buff than the shell; in two others,
6 CASUARIID^.
they are pale green ; and in a fifth, very dark green. They measure
from 5-1 to 5' 65 in length, and from 3'3 to 3' 6 in breadth.
2. Of uncertain origin. Old Collection.
1. Northern Queensland. Old Collection.
2. Rockingham Bay (Cockerell). «. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Casuarius beccarii, Sd.
Casuarius beccarii, Salvad. Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 596 (1895) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l i. p. 3 (1899).
The sole egg of Beccari's Cassowary in the Collection is bluntly
biconical. It is of a buff colour, reticulated with dull green. The
reticulations and the visible portions of the real shell occupy about
the same space. It measures 5-5 by 3-85.
1. Aru Islands. The Trustees of the Christy
Museum [P.].
Casuarius uniappendiculatus, Blyth.
Casuarius uniappendiculatus, Scl. P. Z. S'. 1877, p. 419 ; Meyer, Abh.
Mus. Dresd. no. 3, taf. 2 (1893) ; Schalow, J. f. O. 1894, p. 23 ;
Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 597 (1895) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
i. p. 4 (1899).
The two eggs of the One-wattled Cassowary in the Collection laid
in the Amsterdam Gardens have the ground of a pale green : one is
reticulated with dark green ; the other is covered with glistening
raised dark green spots, resembling beads. The specimen from
Salawati has the ground greenish buff, and the reticulations of a dull
green colour. These three eggs measure respectively : 5-4 by 3'45 ;
5-3 by 3-35; 4-7 by 3-5.
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, M. Frank, Esq. [0.].
Amsterdam).
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, Salvin-Godman Coll.
Amsterdam) (Westermann).
1. Salawati. Dr. Kaup [P.].
Casuarius papuanus, Schleg.
Casuarius papuanus, Schalow, J.f. 0. 1894, p. 20 ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxvii. p. 599 (1895) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 4 (1899).
The two eggs of Westermarm's Cassowary laid in the Antwerp
Gardens are of a pale greenish-buff colour, reticulated with very
dark green. The one found in Northern New Guinea has the
ground of a pale buff colour, and the reticulations are dull bluish
green. They measure respectively: 5-95 by 3-65; 5-25 by 3-4;
5-1 by 3-3.
2. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, P. L. Sclater, Esq. [P.].
Antwerp).
1. Northern New Guinea. Charles Hose, Esq. [P.].
CASUARIID.E. DINORNITHID.B.
Casnarius bennetti, Gould.
Casuarius bennetti, J. E. Gray, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 271, Ave*, pi. cxliv. ;
Bartlett, P. Z. S. 1800, p. 205, Aves, pi. elxii. ; Gould, Handb. Birds
Austr. ii. p. 561 (1865) ; Schalow, J. f. O. 1894, p. 20 ; Salvation,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 601 (1895) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 4
(1899).
The shell of the eggs of Bennett's Cassowary is of a pale buff or
grey colour. The raised lines and granulations on the shell vary
in tint. In one example they are of a pale dull greenish ; in
another they are extremely coarse, prominent, and of a greenish-
brown colour. In two others the lines are very feebly developed
and they are pale greenish-buff. Four eggs measure respectively :
5-55 by 3-5 ; 5-05 by 3-4 ; 5'75 by 3-55 ; 5-4 by 3-55.
2. New Britain (Stevens).
1. New Britain (G. Bennett).
1. New Britain.
Old Collection.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Admiral A. H. Hoekins [P.].
Order D I N O RN ITH I F O RM ES.
Family DINORNITHID^E.
Genus DINORNIS, Owen.
Dinornis, Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Birds B. M. pp. 222, 349 (1891) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 4 (1899).
The eggs of the extinct Moas of New Zealand are found in caves
and in the burial-places of the Maoris. The specimens contained
in the National Collection * are imperfect, but the fragments of
three have been restored in plaster, the contour of each being
determined by the curvature of the fractured pieces. As thus re-
stored, the eggs are nearly perfect ellipses, and three specimens
measure respectively : 7*25 by 6 ; 7'75 by 5-25 ; 8*1 by 5*9.
The shell is strong, being about one-twelfth of an inch in thick-
ness. In colour the existing remains are of a pale grey. Owen
thus describes the shell : — " The shell in Dinornis is not only
absolutely thinner, but relatively much thinner than in the Ostrich,
and, a fortiori, than in the j&pyornit. The air-pores also have a
different form, being linear, not rounded ; and the external surface
is smoother. In the smoothness and thinness of the shell, the egg
of Dinornis resembles that of Apteryx."
* These are exhibited in the Geological Galleries.
8 DINOENITHID^E.
The structure of the shell has been well investigated by W. v.
Nathusius, and the results published in the ' Zeitschrift f iir wissen-
schaftliche Zoologie/ vol. xxi. p. 330, pis. xxv. & xxvi. (1871).
Sir Richard Owen has figured two eggs of these birds in his
4 Memoirs on the Extinct Wingless Birds of New Zealand/ p. 317
(1879). Plate cxv. represents an example which he assigns to
D. crassus : this is in the B.M. Collection, bearing the registered
number A. 222. Plate cxvii. represents an egg which is referred
to D. ingens.
1. New Zealand (A. 222). ? Mantell Coll.
Restored in plaster.
1. New Zealand (A. 222 a). ? Mantell Coll.
Restored in plaster.
1. New Zealand (A. 222 b). ? Mantell Coll.
Restored in plaster.
1. Several fragments (21807). Mantell Coll.
Order ^EP YO R N I T H IFO RMES.
Family ^EPYORNITHID^l.
Genus JEPYORNIS, Is. Geoff.
^Epyornis, Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Birds B. M. pp. 213, 214 (1891) ; Sharve,
Hand-l i. p. 6 (1899).
The eggs of JEpyornis are found in recent alluvial deposits, near
the surface, in the south of Madagascar, especially in the neighbour-
hood of Cape St. Marie. They are in an excellent state of
preservation, and usually quite intact.
W. v. Nathusius in the ' Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie/
vol. xxi. p. 330, pis. xxv. & xxvi., has fully dealt with the structure
of the shell of the egg of ^Epyornis.
Professor G. Capellini has written an elaborate memoir on the
egg in the ' Memorie della R. Accademia delle Scienze dell' Istituto
di Bologna/ series iv. vol. x. p. 16 (1889).
Mr. G. Dawson Rowley has published an interesting essay on the
egg of JEpyornis in the * Proceedings ' of the Zoological Society of
London for 1867, p. 892.
Other papers on the same subject will be found fully noticed in
Prof. Capellini's memoir above mentioned.
The shell is about one- tenth of an inch in thickness. Portions of
its surface are generally extremely rough, resembling the texture
of a coarse file, while other portions have been worn quite smooth,
like the shell of an Ostrich's egg. The eggs are of a pale yellowish
or buff colour. In shape they are true ellipses.
APTERYGID^.
9
The specimens in the British Museum Collection are probably all
referable to <<&. maximus. No. 41847 measures 13'1 by 9'5 ; it is
fractured. No. 41848 and an egg without number, both intact and
perfect in all respects, measure respectively: 11 by 8*25 and 11-25
by 8-25. A cast, No. A. 83, the original of which is preserved
in the Paris Museum, measures 12'25 by 9'25.
1. Madagascar. Fragments only (A. 18) *. J. Porter, Esq. [P.].
1. Madagascar (41847) *. Purchased.
1. Madagascar (41848) *. Purchased.
1. Madagascar (without number) f. Purchased.
Order AFTER YG IFORMES.
Family APTERYGID^E.
Genus APTERYX, Shaw.
Apteryx mantelli, Bartl.
Apteryx mantelli, Sclater, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 350 ; 1860, p. 194 ; 1863,
p. 234 ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 607 (1895) ; Sharpe,
Hand-L i. p. 7 (1899).
Apteryx bulleri, Butter, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 308 (1888).
The eggs of Man tell's Apteryx in the Collection are of an elongated
elliptical form, the two ends being closely alike. The shell is strong,
smooth and compact, but exhibits no gloss. They are of a dull white
or a very pale yellowish colour.
They are enormously large in proportion to the size of the
bird. The two examples in the Collection measure respectively :
4-75 by 3-02 ; 4-7 by 2-9.
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, Salvin-Godman Coll.
London).
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, Zool. Society.
London).
* These are exhibited in the Geological Galleries.
t This is exhibited in the Zoological Galleries, as is also the cast above
mentioned.
10
TINAM1D.S.
Sub-Class CAEINAT^B.
Order TIN A MI F O RMES.
The eggs of the Tinamous have a firm and compact shell and are
extremely smooth and glossy. Of so beautiful a texture are they,
that the shell may be compared to polished metal or the finest
glazed porcelain. The colour varies in the different genera, but the
eggs of the birds of the same genus are generally alike.
The shape also varies. Some examples are almost spherical ;
others are elliptical ; and others again, but quite a minority, are
biconical or oval.
Family T1NAMID.E.
Sub-Family
Genus TINAMUS, Hermann.
The eggs of the Tinamous of this genus aj:e spheroidal and of a
blue colour.
Tinanms robustus, Scl.
(Plate I. fig. 1.)
Tinaraus robustus, Salvin, Ibis, 1861, p. 355 ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxvii. p. 500 (1895) ; Sharps, Hand-l. i. p. 8 (1899).
The eggs of the Great Mexican Tinamou vary from 2-25 to 2-35
in length, and from .1-87 to 2 in breadth.
6. Guatemala. Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. British Honduras (F. Blancaneaux). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Tinanrus major (Gm.).
Crypturus brasiliensis, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Vog. p. 23, tab. v. fig. 2
(1845-54).
Tinamus major, Salvin , Ibis, 1861, p. 356 ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxvii. p. 502 (1895) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 8 (1899).
The single egg of the Great Tinamou in the Collection measures
2-3 by 1-9.
I. Brazil (Brandt). Old Collection.
TINAMUS. NOTHOCERCUS. — CRVPTUKUS. 1 1
Tinamus ruflceps, Scl. $ Salv.
Tinamus ruficeps, Scl. 8f Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 548 ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxvii. p. 506 (1895) ; Skarpe, Hand-l. i. p. 8 (1899).
The eggs of the Rufous-crowned Tinamou vary from 2*15 to 2-35
in length, and from T72 to 1-95 in breadth.
6. Remedioa, Antioquia, U.S. of Salvin-Godman Ooll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
Genus NOTHOCERCUS, Bp.
The eggs of the Tinamous of this genus are of a darker blue than
those of the species of Tinamus. In shape they are either true
ellipses, or ovals with one end very slightly compressed.
Nothocercus frantzii (Lawr.).
Nothocercus frantzii, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 512 (1895) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 9 (1899).
The two eggs of Frantz's Tinamou in the Collection measure
respectively : 3 by 2-05 ; 3'1 by 2-05.
2. Of uncertain origin. Old Collection.
Nothocercus intercedens, Salvad.
Nothocercus bonapartii, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 548.
Nothocercus intercedens, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 513 (1895) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 9 (1899).
The two eggs of Salvadori's Tinamou in the Collection are smaller
and of a darker blue than those of N. frantzii. They measure
respectively : 2-8 by 2 ; 2-9 by 2.
2. Frontino, Antioquia, U.S. of Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
Genus CRYPTURUS, Illig.
In this genus the eggs are short regular ellipses, with a tendency
to be spheroidal. The colour varies from a pinkish stone-colour to a
clay-colour.
Crypturus griseiventris, Salvad.
Crypturus griseiventris, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 521 (1895) j
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 9 (1899).
The single egg of the Grey-bellied Tinamou in the Collection is of
a pinkish stone-colour, and measures 1*82 by 1-4.
L Santarem, R. Amazon (H. Wick- SalTin-Godman Coll.
ham}.
12
TINAMID,T<;.
Crypturus pileatus (Bodd.).
Crypturus sovi, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 25, tab. v. fig-. 9 (1845-54).
Tinamus meserythrus, Salvin, Ibis, 1861, p. 356.
Crypturus pileatus, Scl. $ Sain. P Z. S. 1879, p. 548; Salvadori, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 522 (1895) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 9 (1899),. -
The eggs of the Little Tinamou are of a reddish clay-colour ;
those in the Collection measure respectively : 1-6 by 1-21 ; 1*64
by 1-3; 1-67 by 1-24.
1. Lion Hill, Panama (McLeannan). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Choctum, Guatemala (O. Salvin}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Remedies, Antioquw, U.S. of Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
Crypturus cinnamomeus (Less.).
(Plato I. fig. 2.)
Tinamus sallsei, Nehrk. J.f. O. 1881, p. 69.
Crypturus cinnamomeus, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 541 (1895) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 10 (1899).
The eggs of Salle's Tinamou in the Collection are of a pinkish
stone-colour, and measure respectively: 1*85 by 1'43; 1'73 by 1-45;
1-7 by 1-43.
1. Yucatan (Gaumer). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Of uncertain origin. Old Collection.
Genus RHYNCHOTUS, Spix.
In this genus the eggs are normally biconical in shape, occasionally
elliptical. They are of a reddish-purple or purplish-brown colour.
Khynchotus rufescens (Temm.).
Crypturus rufescens, Thien. Fortpftanz. ges. Vog. p. 24, tab. v. fig. 5
(1845-54).
Khynchotus rufescens, Bartktt, P. Z. S. 1868, p. 114, pi. xii. fig. 2 ; Hud-
son, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 546 ; Scl. fy Huds. Argent. Orn. ii. p. 209 (1889) ;
Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 548 (1895); Blaauw, Ibis,
1895, p. 487; Sharpe, Hand-l. \. p. 10 (1899).
The eggs of the Rufous Tinamou range from 2'3 to 2'6 in length,
and from. 1*57 to 1*8 in breadth.
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Zool. Society.
Gardens, London).
1. Buenos Ayres. W. H. Hudson, Esq. [P.].
10. Argentine Republic. D. A. Shennan, Esq. [P.].
4. Argentine Republic, Nov. A. H. Holland, Esq. [_C.j.
1. Brazil (Christy). Salvin-Godman Coll.
XOTUOPROCTA. XOTHCRA. 13
Genus NOTHOPROCTA, Scl. $ Salv.
The eggs of the Tinamous of this genus are biconical in shape.
They are usually of a very dark purplish-brown or deep liver-
colour. Some are paler and tinged with a reddish hue.
Nothoprocta perdicaria (Kittl.).
(Plate I. fig. 3.)
Nothoprocta perdicaria, James, New List of Chilian Birds, p. 14 (1892) ;
Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p.' 553 (1895) ; Lane, Ibis, 1897,
p. 314 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 11 (1899).
The eggs of the Chilian Tinamou vary from 1-8 to 2'1 in length,
and from 1'33 to 1'5 in breadth.
18. Central Chili, Sept. Berkeley James Coll.
5. Chili. Berkeley James Coll.
3. Chili. E. C. Reed, Esq. [PJ.
2. Of uncertain origin. H. F. Walker, Esq. [P.].
3. Of uncertain origin. Capt. Kellett & Lieut. Wood [P.].
1. Of uncertain origin (A. D. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Bartlett}.
Nothoprocta curvirostris, Scl. $•
Nothoprocta curvirostris, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 556
(1895) ; Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 11 (1899).
The eggs of the Curved-bill Tinamou are much paler than those
of N. perdicaria and have a decided reddish tinge. The two
specimens in the Collection measure respectively : 2' 13 by 1*47 •
2-07 by 1-47.
2. Pessucho, Ecuador, March Salvin-Godman Coll.
(L.Fraser).
Genus NOTHURA, Wagler.
The eggs of the two species of Notliura represented in the
Collection resemble those of Nothoprocta perdicaria very closely,
being of a dark purplish-brown or deep liver-colour.
Nothura maculosa (Ternm.).
Crypturus maculosus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vb'g. p. 26, tab. v. fig. 11
(1845-54).
Nothura maculosa, Gibson, Ibis, 1880, p. 168 ; Scl. fy Huds Argent
Orn. ii. p. 211 (1889); Holland, Ibis, 1892, p. 214; Aplin, Ibis,
1894, p. 214 ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 559 (1895) •
Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 11 (1899).
The eggs of the Spotted Tinamou vary from 1%55 to 1-85 in
length, and from 1-15 to 1'35 in breadth.
3. Brazil. Salvin-Godman Coll,
7. Uruguay. O. V. Aplin, Esq. [P.J.
5. Argentine Republic, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.].
1. Of uncertain origin. Old Collection.
14
TINAMTDJB.
Nothura darwini, Gray.
Nothura darwini, Scl. $ Huds. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 547 ; iid. Argent. Orn.
ii. p. 213 (1889) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 562 (1895) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 11 (1899).
The single egg of Darwin's Tinamou in the Collection is an
elongated ellipse, the two ends being precisely similar. In colour
it is undistinguishable from the majority of the eggs of N. maculosa.
It measures 2 by 1*25.
1. Uruguay. A. K. MacKinnon, Esq. [P.].
Sub-Family TINAMOTIDINJE.
In this sub-family the eggs are usually of a regular elliptical
form and always of a green colour.
Genus CALOPEZUS, Ridgiv.
Calopezus elegans (D'Orb. $ Geoffr.).
(Plate I. fig. 4.)
Eudromia elegans, Hudson, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 545.
Calodromus elegans, Sclater, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 311 j id. Zool ' Chali:
Exped. viii. p. 152 (1880) ; Scl. $ Huds. Argent. Orn. ii. p. 214
(1889).
Calopezus elegans, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 566 (1895) :
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 12 (1899).
The eggs of the Martineta Tinamou vary in colour from pale
yellowish -green to dark sage-green. They measure from 2 to
2*25 in length, and from 1/5 to 1*55 in breadth.
1. South Brazil (G. Hartlaub). Salvin-Godinan Coll.
1. South Brazil (H. Burmeister). Salvin-Godmau Coll.
3. Argentine Republic, Dec. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.l.
2. West Falklands. * Voy. H.M.S. 'Challenger.'
Genus TINAMOTIS, Vigors.
Tinamotis pentlandi, Vigors.
(Plate I. fig. 5.)
Tinamotis pentlandi, James, New List of Chilian Birds, p. 14 (1892) j
Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 568 (1895) ; Lane, Ibis, 1897,
p. 316; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 12 (1899).
Of the four eggs of Pentland's Tinamou in the Collection, two
* These eggs are certainly those of C. elegans, but some mistake has
probably been made regarding the locality in which they were collected.
MEGAPODIID-E. 15
are of a bright green and two of a yellowish-green colour, with
numerous white chalky specks. They measure respectively : 2'15
by 1-55 ; 1-97 by 1-45 ; 2-22 by 1-5 ; 2-2 by 1-5.
4. Central Chili (L. Landbeck}. Berkeley James Coll.
Order GALLIFORMES.
Sub-Order MEGAPODII.
Family MEGAPODIID.E.
The eggs of the Megapodes are usually lengthened and narrow.
They are either elliptical or biconical or, occasionally, of a regular
oval form.
The shell is thin and brittle, rough to the touch, covered with
minute pores and glossless.
The shell itself appears to be always white, but it is almost
invariably covered by a thin calcareous film, which, however, is easily
removed and is of a coffee-brown, reddish-brown or pink colour.
It is well-known that the Megapodes deposit their eggs in mounds
of earth and vegetable matter. During the time that the eggs lie
buried in these mounds they undergo considerable changes, and
when discovered they seldom exhibit their original colour.
The eggs of the Megapodes are remarkably large when compared
with the size of the bird.
Genus MEGAPODIUS, Q. $ G.
Megapodius nicobariensis, Blyth.
Megapodius nicobariensis, Hume $ Marsh. Game Birds Ind. iii. App.
pi. ii. (1880) ; Hume, Nests # Eggs, 2nd ed. iii. p. 449 (1890) ;
Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 447 (1893); Oates, Game Birds
Ind. i. p. 384 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 12 (1899).
The eggs of the Nicobar Megapode when first laid are of a ruddy-
pink colour. After being buried, they turn to pale yellowish-brown,
buff or stone-colour. The outer film frequently flakes off in spots,
specks and large blotches, causing the shell to be mottled with white.
The eggs measure from 3 to 3*4 in length, and from 1/9 to 2-25 in
breadth.
4. Trinkut Island, Nicobars, 21st Feb. Hume Coll.
1. Trinkut Island, 23rd Feb. Hume Coll.
3. Trinkut Island, 1st March. Hume Coll.
16 MEOAPODIID2E.
8. Oaraorta, Nicobars, '27 'th Feb. Hume Coll.
4. Nancowry, Nicobars, 17th Feb. Hume Coll.
1. Nancowry, 4th March Hume Coll.
3. Nancowry, 9th March. Hume Coll.
2. Katchall, Nicobars, 19th Feb. Hume Coll.
25. Katchall, 8th March. Hume Coll.
3. Nicobars. Hume Coll.
6. Nicobars. E. H. Man, Esq. [P.].
Megapodius cumingi, Dillw.
Megapodius cumingi, Dillwyn, P. Z. S. 1851, p. 118; Whitehead, Ibis,
1888, p. 411 ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 449 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-L i. p. 12 (1899).
Megapodius dillwini, Steere, List Birds 8f Mamm. Philip, p. 25 (1890).
The eggs of Cuming's Megapode are of a ruddy pink or reddish-
brown colour, turning to pale brown with incubation ; two specimens
in the Collection, however, are dull white. They measure from 2-9
to 3-3 in length, and from 1-8 to 2 in breadth.
2. Philippine Islands. H. Cuming, Esq. [P.].
2. Philippine Islands. H. Cuming, Esq.
2. Mindanao, Philippines. Steere Exped.
1. [Manila.] Gould Coll.
1. Pulo Papan, N.W. Borneo, Charles Hose, Esq. [P.].
13th Oct.
1. Labuan. Gould Coll.
1. Of uncertain origin (H. Cuming). Sal vin-Godman Coll.
Megapodius eremita, Eartl.
Megapodius, sp., Brazier, P. Z. S. 1874, p. 606.
Megapodius brenchleyi, Meyer, Ibis, 1890, p. 423.
Megapodius eremita, Meyer, Ibis, 1890, p. 423 ; Grant, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxii. p. 452 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 13 (1899).
The eggs of Brenchley's Megapode vary from pink and rufous-
brown to dull stone-colour or brownish cream-colour. They
measure from 2*8 to 3'05 in length, and from 1'75 to 1/9 in
breadth.
9. New Britain, 17th July. J. Brazier, Esq. [P.].
14. Savu or Galera, Solomon J. Brazier, Esq. [P.J.
Group, 9th Aug.
1. Treasury Island, Solomon J. Brazier, Esq. [P.].
Group, 25th Aug.
3. Solomon Islands, Dec. Gould Coll.
(J. Macgittivray).
Megapodius duperreyi, Less, fy Gam.
Megapodius tumulus, Macgillivray, Voy. ' Rattlesnake,' ii. p. 358 (1852) ;
Gould, Handb. Birds Au&tr. ii. p. 167 (1865) ; Campbell, N. 8? E.
Austr. Birds, p. 50 (1883); North, N. $ E. Austr. Birds, p. 282
(1889).
Megapodius, sp., Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1874, p. 607.
MEGA.PODIUS. 17
Mesyapodius duperreyi, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 454 (1893) ;
" Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 13 (1899) ; Le Souef, Ibis, 1899, p. 16.
The eggs of Duperrey's Megapode vary from reddish-brown to
pale buff or dull cream-colour. They measure from 3*2 to 4 in
length, and from 2-05 to 2-2 in breadth.
1. New Guinea. Rev. W. Wyatt Gill [P.].
1. Aru Islands. Gould Coll.
1. Endeavour Straits. Gould Coll.
2. Port Essington, Nov. Gould Coll.
2. Cape York, Oct. Gould Coll.
2. Cape York, Oct. (Capt. Voy. II.M.S. 'Rattlesnake.'
Stanley).
3. N.W. Australia. The Earl of Derby [P.].
Megapodius layardi, Tristr.
Megapodius brazieri, Scl. P. Z. S. 1809, p. 528.
Megapodius, sp., Brenchley, Cruise of the 'Curaqoa,' p. 241 (1873).
Megapodius layardi, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 450 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 13 (1899).
The eggs of Layard's Megapode are brown, dull pink or stone-
coloured. They measure from 3'1 to 3*4 in length, and from 1-95
to 2 in breadth.
2. Vanua Lava, Banks 's Group, J. Brenchley, Esq. [P.].
New Hebrides.
1. Vanua Lava, Aug. J. Brenchley, Esq. [P.].
1. Banks's Islands, New Hebrides P. L. Sclater, Esq. [P."].
(J. Brazier).
1. Tanna, New Hebrides, 5th Dec. Voy. H.M.S. ' Herald.'
(J. Macyillivruy).
Megapodius pritchardi, Gray.
Megapodius burnabyi, Gray, P. Z. S. 1861, p. 290.
Megapodius stain, Gray, P. Z. S. 1861, p. 290; Whitmee Ibis, 1875,
p. 447.
Megapodius pritchardi, Finsch 8f Hartl. Fauna Centralpolyn. p 153, pi. ii.
fig. 5 (1867) : Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 461 (1893) Sharpe
Hand-l i. p. 13 (1899).
The eggs of Pritchard's Megapode are subject to much variation,
being reddish-brown, pinkish, stone-coloured, brown or whitish.
They measure from 2-95 to 3f15 in length, and from 1-6 to 1'9 in
breadth.
1. Nina-fou or Hope Island. Rev. S. J. Whitmee [C.].
1. Nina-fou. Dr. G. Bennett PP.].
2. Nina-fou. R. B. Leaf, Esq. [P.].
1. Hapai Island, near Tongatabu. Lieut. Burnaby [P.].
1. Samoa Islands. Rev. J. B. Stair [P.].
VOL. I. C
IS MEGAPODIIDJB.
Genus LIPOA, Gould.
Lipoa ocellata, Gould.
Megapodius (Leipoa) ocellatus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 12, tab. xii.
fig. 2 (1845-54).
Leipoa ocellata, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 155 (1865) ; Campbell,
Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 50 (1883) : North, Nests fy Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 281 (1889).
Lipoa ocellata, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 463 (1893) ; Le Scwef,
Ibis, 1899, p. 10 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 13 (1899).
Of the eggs of the Ocellated Megapode Mr. North writes : —
" Eggs when fresh are of a delicate pinky-white, but after re-
maining in the mound a few days they become a dirty reddish
brown." They measure from 3-45 to 3' 75 in length, and from
2-15 to 2-4 in breadth.
2. Australia. Gould Coll.
1. W. Australia (/. Gould). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. S. Australia. Sir G. Grey [P.].
1. Gippsland, Victoria. F. A. Philbrick, Esq., Q.C. [P.].
Genus TALEGALLUS, Less.
Talegallus cuvieri, Less.
Talegallus cuvieri, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 465 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 13 (1899).
The only egg of Cuvier's Brush-Turkey in the Collection is
brownish buff with a pinkish tinge. It measures 3*75 by 2'5.
1. New Guinea. Old Collection.
Genus CATHETUEUS, Swains.
Catheturus lathami (Lath.).
Megapodius (Talegallus) lathami, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 12,
tab. xii. fig. 1 (1845-54).
Talegalla lathami, Macgillivray, Voy. l Rattlesnake,' ii. p. 358 (1852) ;
Bartlett, P. Z, S. 1860, p. 426.
Talegallus lathami, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 150 (1865) ;
Campbell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 50 (1883) ; North, Nests 8f
Eggs Austr. Birds, p 279 (1889).
Catheturus lathami, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 468 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 14 (1899) ; Le Souef, Ibis, 1899, p. 14.
The eggs of the Australian Brush-Turkey are white, generally
stained with some yellowish smears. They measure from 3*4 to
3'75 in length, and from 2'3 to 2'45 in breadth.
1 . Australia. Gould Coll.
2. Australia (J. Gould). Salviu-Godman Coll.
1. Cape York, Nov. Gould Coll.
CRAC1D.E. 19
•2. Cape York, 31st Nov. (Capt. Voy. H.M.S. ' Rattlesnake.'
Stanley}.
1. Queensland. Donald Mackintosh, Esq. [P.],
1. Laid in confinement (Lilford Lord Lilford [P.].
Aviaries).
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Salvin-Godrnan Coll.
dens, London) .
Genus MEGALOCEPHALUM, Temm.
Megalocephalum maleo, Hard.
Me^apodius (Megacephaloma) maleo, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Voy. p. 11.
tab. iv. fig. 1 (1845-54).
Megacephalon maleo, Wallace, Ibis, 1860, p. 142 ; Meyer, Ibis, 1879,
p. 139 ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 472 (1893) ; Meyer $
Wigksw. B. Celebes, ii. p. 678 (1898).
Megacephalum maleo, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 14 (1899).
The three eggs of the Maleo in the Collection are reddish buff,
and measure respectively: 4-3 by 2-3; 4'05 by 2-4 ; 4-15 by 2-45.
1. Menado, Celebes (A. R. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Wallace}.
1. Celebes. Gould Coll.
1. Purchased at Malacca. H. Cumiug, Esq. [P.].
Sub-Order GRACES.
Family CRACID^E.
The eggs of the Curassows are, as a rule, pointed at both ends or
biconical. Some, however, are lengthened ellipses and others are
spheroidal in shape.
The shell is very coarse and granulated. The eggs of a few
species have a slight gloss ; those of the majority are glossless.
The colour is dull white, turning to parchment- white or yellowish
white with incubation. When the series is fairly extensive, speci-
mens exhibiting all these variations of colour are represented, and
therefore it has not been thought necessary to describe the eggs of
each species in the Collection in detail.
Little is known or recorded about the eggs of these birds. It
will be seen that very many of the specimens in the Museum have
been laid in confinement.
Genus CRAX, Linn.
Crax alector, Linn.
Crax alector, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 475 (1893); Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 14 (1899).
c2
20
CKACIDJ3.
The eggs of the Crested Curassow measure from 3-3 to 3'7
in length, and from 2-45 to 2'75 in breadth.
8. Guiana. Gould Coll.
1. Guiana. H. F. Walter, Esq. [P.].
3. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Zool. Society.
dens, London).
Crax globicera, Linn.
Crax globicera, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 478 (1893); Sharpe,
Hand-L i. p. 14 (1899).
The eggs of the Mexican Curassow measure from 3*3 to 3*85
in length, and from 2-5 to 2-8 in breadth.
8. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Zool. Society.
dens, London).
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Salvin-Godman Coll.
dens, London).
1. Laid in confinement (Surrey E. Cross, Esq. [P.].
Zool. Gardens, 28th May).
2. British Honduras, 20th April Salvin-Godman Coll.
(F. Blancaneaux).
Crax carunculata, Temm.
Crax carunculata, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 431 (1893) ; ShayiM,
Hand-l. i. p. 15 (1899).
The single egg of the Wattled Curassow in the Collection
measures 3'24 by 2-35.
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Zool. Society.
dens, London).
Genus MITITA, Less.
Mitua mitu (Linn.}.
Mitua mitu, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 485 (1893) ; Sharpe Hand-l.
i. p. 15 (1899).
The four eggs of the Razor-billed Curassow in the Collection
measure respectively: 3-85 by 2-25 ; 3-65 by 2'47; 3-65 by 2-25 ;
3-85 by 2-45.
2. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Zool. Societv.
dens, London).
1. Laid in confinement, 18th April Zool. Society.
(Zool. Gardens, London).
1 . Laid in confinement, 19th April Zool. Society.
(Zool. Gardens, London).
Genus PAUXIS, Temm.
Pauxis pauxi (Linn.}.
Tauxis galeata, Roicley, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 084.
Pauxis pauxi, Grant,' Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 488 (1893) ; Sharpe.
Hand-L i. p. 15 (1899).
PENELOPE. OR1ALIS. 21
The two eggs of the Helmeted Curassow in the Collection
measure respectively : 3*5 by 2-6 ; 3'48 by 2*42.
•2. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gould Coll.
Gardens, London).
Genus PENELOPE, Men-em.
Penelope pileata, Wagler.
Penelope pileata, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 500 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 16 (1899).
The egg of the White-headed Penelope in the Collection measures
2-95 by 2-05.
1 . Laid in confinement (Zool. Zool. Society.
Gardens, London).
Genus ORTALIS, Mcrrem.
I
Ortalis ruficauda (Jard.).
Ortalis ruficauda, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 507 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 17 (1899).
The egg of Jardine's Guan in the Collection measures 2-45 by 1-7.
1. Tobago. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Ortalis albiventris ( Wagl.}.
Urtalis albiventris, Forbes, Ibis, 1881, p. 357 ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxii. p. 508 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 17 (1899).
The dimensions of the egg of the White-bellied Guan in the
Collection are 2-3 by 1-55.
1. La Grande, Guatemala, 19th Salvin-Godman Coll.
March.
Ortalis maccalli, Baird.
Ortalida vetula, var. maccalli, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds,
iii. p. 398 (1874).
Ortalis vetula maccalli, Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 119, pi. iii.
fig. 16 (1892).
( Jrtalis vetula, pt., Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 512 (1893).
Ortalis maccalli, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 17 (1899).
The egg of the Lesser Grey-headed Guan in the Collection
measures 2-3 by 1-59.
1. Texas ( Smiths. List.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
22 CRACID2E. TETRAONIDJC.
Genus ABURRIA, Eeiclienb.
Aburria aburri (Less.}.
Aburria carunculata, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 544.
Aburria aburri, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 520 (1893) j SMrpe.
Hand-l. i. p. 18 (1899).
The two eggs of the Black Wattled Guan in the Collection
measure respectively : 2*8 by 2 ; 2-65 by 1/9.
1. Frontino, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Zool. Society.
Gardens, London).
Genus CHAMJEPETES, Wagler.
Chamaepetes goudoti (Less.).
Cbamsepetes goudoti, Scl & Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 544 ; Grant, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxii. p. 521 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 18 (1899).
The egg of the Eufous-breasted Sickle-winged Guan in the Col-
lection measures 2-8 by 2.
1. Eetiro, Antioquia, U.S. Colom- Salvin-Godman Coll.
bia (T. K. Salmon).
Sub-Order PHASIANI.
Family TETBAONID^E.
The eggs of the Grouse are normally of a true oval form, but
occasionally they are elliptical or even pyriform. The shell is
smooth with a small amount of gloss, and is generally pitted with
very minute pores.
Genus LAGOPUS, Briss.
The eggs of the True Grouse are cream-coloured, stone-coloured,
reddish buif or pale olive, marked with specks, spots and blotches of
dark red-brown or chocolate-brown, frequently so dark as to appear
black. Some are covered with spots and small blotches ; others with
well-defined blotches only ; and others again with huge confluent
patches which almost entirely conceal the ground-colour. An
occasional example may be met with which is unmarked and of
a whitish colour.
The eggs of the different species of True Grouse cannot be
separated with any certainty either by size or colour.
LAGOPUS.
23
Lagopus scoticus (Lath.}.
Tetrao albus, Thien. Fortpfanz. ges. Vog. p. 39, tab. viii. figs. 6 a, b, c, d
(1845-54).
Lagopus scoticus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 46. fig. 5 (1855-63) ;
Dresser, Birds Ear. vii. p. 165 (1873); Grant, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxii. p. 35 (1893); Sharp', Hund-l. i. p. 18 (1899).
Tetrao scoticus, Hewitson, Egqs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 279, pi. Ixx. figs. i, ii
(1856) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 428, pi. 20 (1884) ; id. Eggs of
Brit. Birds,?. 272, pi. 59. figs. 10, 12 (1896).
The eggs of the Red Grouse measure from 1/6 to 1'9 in length,
and from 1-18 to 1-28 in breadth.
G.
8.
4.
•2.
2.
6.
3.
9.
11.
2.
4.
9.
5.
5.
5.
8.
Orphir, Orkneys (Hargitt Coll.}.
Scuir Marksie, Loch Luichart, Ross-shire,
10th May ( W. McRae: Hargitt Coll.}.
Scuir Marksie, 10th May (W. McR. :
Hargitt Coll.}.
Scuir Achadhuire, Loch Luichart, 14th
May ( W. McR. : Hargitt Coll.}.
Scuir Achadhuire (W. McR.; Hargitt
Coll.}.
Duclash, Loch Luichart, 30th April ( W.
McR. : Hargitt Cott.}.
Near Cluny, Ross-shire ( W. McR.:
Hargitt Cott}.
Cluny, June ( W. McR. : Hargitt Coll.}.
Cluny, June (Hargitt Coll.).
Doriscluan, Ross-shire (Hargitt Coll.}.
Between Cluny and Glen Shiel, 20th May
(Hargitt Coll.).
Knockie, Inverness-shire (J. Richmond:
Hargitt Coll.).
Inverness-shire ( W. McR. : Hargitt Coll.}.
Forfar.
Derbyshire, 16th May.
Strines, Derbyshire, 28th May (H.
Seebohm).
Ashopton, Derbyshire, 28th May (H. &).
Ashopton, 28th May (H. S.).
Ramsley Moor, Derbyshire ( 0. &).
Lambourne Downs, Berkshire.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godinan Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godinan Coll.
N. H. Valpy, Esq. [P.].
Lagopus lagopus (Linn.).
Tetrao lagopus, Thien. Fortnflanz. ges. Vog. p. 38, tab. viii. figs. 7 a, b, c, d
(1845-54).
Lagopus albus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 46. fig. 4 (1855-63) ; Dresser,
Birds Eur. vii. p. 183 (1874) ; Baird, Brewer $ Ridgiv. N. Amer.
Birds, iii. p. 457 (1874) ; Seebohm fy Hari'ie-Brown, Ibis, 1876,
p. 220 ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1879, p. 148.
Tetrao saliceti, P. 8f S. Godman, Ibis, 1861, p. 85 ; Bree, Birds Eur. iii.
p. 212, pi. — (1867).
Lagopus lagopus, MacFarlane, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mm. xiv. p. 430 (1891);
Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 69, pi. ii. figs. 5-10 (1892) ;
Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 40 (1893) : Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 18
(1899).
24
The eggs of the Willow-Grouse measure from 1-55 to l'S5 in
length, and from 1*15 to 1-25 in breadth.
5. Fort Anderson, Arctic America, 8th
June (_R. M ac Far lane : Henshaw Coll.}.
5. Fort Anderson, 8th June (R. McF. :
Smiths. Inst.).
4. Fort Anderson, 8th June (R. McF.:
Smiths. Inst.}.
4. Anderson River, 10th June (R. McF.:
Smiths. Inst.}.
6. Anderson River, 26th June (R. McF. :
Smiths. Inst.).
4. Bodo, Norway, 6th Feb. (P. $ F.
God-man).
8. Sweden.
3. Sweden.
4. Scandinavia (Hargitt ColL}.
10. Lapland (Nordm).
7. Lake Enar, Lapland (Nordvi).
4. Petchora R., lat. 68° N., 20th June (H.
Seebohm $ J. A. Har vie- Brown).
7. Petchora R., lat. 68° N., 19th June (H. S.
$ J. A. H.-B.).
5. Yenesei R., lat. 66|° N., 4th July (H. S.).
3. Yenesei R., lat. 70^° N. (H. S.).
3. Yenesei R., lat. 71|°N., 3rd July (H. S.).
5. Yenesei R., lat. 71£°N., 3rd July (//. S.).
1. Altai Mountains.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman ColL
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.
H.F.Walter, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
St. George Littledale,
Esq. [P.].
Lagopus mutus (Montin).
Lagopus montanus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 46. fig. 1 (1855-63).
Lagopus alpinus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vb'g. tab. 46. fig. 3 (1855-63)
Wheelwright, Spring fy Summ. in Lapland, p. 315 (1871).
Tetrao lagopus, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 280, pi. Ixx. fig. iii
(1856).
Lagopus mutus, Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 157 (1874) ; Grant, Cat,
Birds B. M. xxii. p. 44 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 18 (1899).
Tetrao mutus, Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 424, pi. 20 (1884) ; id. Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 271, pi. 59. figs. 4, 6 (1896).
The eggs of the Common Ptarmigan, as a rule, are paler than the
eggs of L. scoticus, and the markings are not so dense. They
measure from 1-5 to 1-75 in length, and from 1*15 to 1'3 in breadth.
7. Near Cluny, Ross-shire, 23rd May Seebohm Coll.
(Hargitt Coll.).
7. Ross, 23rd May (E. Hargitt).
1. Drumnadrochit, Inverness (A. Lawler :
Hargitt Coll.}.
4. Grampians, May (A. Newton).
9. Sweden (H. W. Wheelwright).
6. St. Gothard, Switzerland (Donazien).
9. Switzerland (Dr. Rey).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
LAGOFUS. LTRURUS.
25
Lagopus rupestris (6'»i.).
Lagopus islandicus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 46. fig1. 2 (1855-63).
Lagopus rupestris, Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 175 (1874) ; MncFarlane,
Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 431 (1891) ; Bendire, Life Hist. N. A.
Birds, i. p. 75, pi. ii. figs. 11-15 (1892) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxii. p. 48 (1893); Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 18 (1899).
Lagopus mut us, var. rupestris, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds,
Hi. p. 462 (1874).
Tetrao mutus, Seebohm, Birds Japan. Emp. p. 372 (1890).
The eggs of the Bock-Ptarmigan have the markings intensely
dark. They measure from 1'6 to 1-8 in length, and from 1-15 to
1/25 in breadth.
L Bering Island, 25th June.
7. Japan (H. Pryer).
4. Anderson "River, Arctic Am erica,
1st July (R. MacFarlane :
Smiths. Inst.).
5. Labrador.
3. Greenland.
3. Greenland.
3. Greenland (Erichson).
5. Greenland (H. C. Mutter).
11. Christianshaab, Disco Bay,
Greenland, 14th June.
7. Godhaab, Greenland.
5. Iceland ( W. Proctor}.
(). Iceland ( W. P.).
8. Ice! and ( T. Krilper) .
G. E. H. Barrett-Hamilton, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Sir H. Peek [P.].
Governor Holboll [C.].
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Genus LYRURUS, Swains.
Lyrurus tetrix (Linn.).
Tetrao tetrix, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Vog. p. 42, tab. ix. figs. 2«, b (1845-
54); Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 278, pi. Ixix. fig. i (1856);
Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 205 (1873) ; Seebohm $ Harvie-Broivn,
Ibis, 1876, p. 221 ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 435, pi. 20 (1884) ; id.
Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 273, pi. 59. fig. 7 (1896).
Lyrurus tetrix, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 29. fig. 3 (1855-63) ; Grant,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 53 (1893) : Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 19 (1899).
The eggs of the Black Grouse are of various shades of cream-colour,
pale yellow and reddish buff, marked with specks, spots and blotches
of reddish brown. Some are marked only with small spots ; others
with both spots and blotches, many of the latter being of con-
siderable size. Occasionally a specimen has a decidedly greenish
tinge. They measure from 1-9 to 2-1 in length, and from 1-35 to
1-45 in breadth.
5. Kidesdale, Scotland, 10th July. Seebohm Coll.
o. Glen Shiel, Koss-shire, 23rd May Seebohm Coll.
(E. Hargitt}.
26 TETRAONID.E.
8. Achmore, Loch Luichart, 20th Seebohm Coll.
May (W. McRae: Hanjitt
Coil,}.
5. Glen Luine, Inverness ( W. McR. : Seebohm Coll.
Harqitt Coll).
2. Crietf; N.B., 28th May. W. E. Ojnlvie Grant, Esq. [K].
2. Dumfries-shire (C. Edmondson : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.}.
7. Cumberland (Heysham}. Gould Coll.
2. Longshaw, Derbyshire, June Salvin-Godman Coll.
(O.8.).
1. Lyndhurst, New Forest, May Salvin-Godman Coll.
(F. D. Godman).
2. Wolmer Forest, 13th June. Col. H. W. Feilden [P.].
3. Farnham, Surrey, June ( F. D. G.*). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Norway. Sir T. Wilson [P.]
2. Sweden (H. W. Wheelwright). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Sweden. S. 0. Sahlin, Esq. [P.].
6. Livonia (Russow}. Seebohm Coll.
1. Moscow, 5th May. Seebohm Coll.
5. Petchora R., lat. 68° N., 12th June Seebohm Coll.
(H. Seebohm $ J. A. Harvie-
Browri).
Lyrurus mlokosiewiczi (Tacz.).
(Plate II. fig. 3.)
Tetrao mlokosiewiczi, Dresser, Birds Fur. vii. p. 219 (1876).
Lyrurus mlokosiewiczi, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 58 (1893) :
Sharpe, Hand-l.i. p. 19 (1899).
The eggs of the Caucasian Black Grouse are cream-coloured,
speckled and spotted with very pale yellowish brown. Two
specimens measure respectively : 1-95 by 1'35 ; 2 by 1-35.
2. Caucasus. Count Branicki [P.].
Genus TETRAO, Linn.
Tetrao urogallus, Linn.
Tetrao urogallus, Thien. Fortpflcmz. ges. V'og. p. 40, tab. ix. figs. 1 a, b
(1845-54); Baedeker, Eier Fur. Vocj. tab. 29. fig. 2 (1855-63):
Dresser, Birds Fur. vii. p. 223 (1873) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 440,
pi. 21 (1884) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 60 (1893) ; Seebohm,
Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 274, pi. 59. fig. 11 (1896) ; Sharpc, Hand-l. i.
p. 19 (1899).
The eggs of the Capercailzie are broad ovals. The shell is slightly
rough and possesses only a small amount of gloss. They are very
uniformly of a pale reddish buff, marked with specks, spots and
small blotches of reddish brown. In some, the markings consist
only of small specks very closely set over the shell ; in others, they
consist of both specks and spots ; in others, again, the markingvS
consist of spots and a number of small blotches of irregular shape.
They measure from 2 to 2'4 in length, and from 1'6 to 1*7 in
breadth.
CANACHITES. DEXDEAGAPUS. 27
5. Inverness-shire (Hargitt Coll.}. Seebohm Coll.
I . Sweden. S. O. Sahlin, Esq. [P.].
~2. Sweden. Salvin-Godmnn Coll.
1. Sweden (H. W. Wheelwright : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.},
5. Russian Lapland (J. Wolley). Seebohm Coll.
2. Lapland, 8th March (J. W.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Lapland (A. Newton). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Livonia (Russow). Seebohm Coll.
5. Pomerania, 15th May ( T. Holland). Seebohm Coll.
2. Pomerania, 8th May (T. H.). Seebohm Coll.
Genus CANACHITES, Stejn.
Canachites canadensis (Linn.).
Tetrao canadensis, Ross, Nat. Hist. Rev. 1862, p. 283.
Canace canadensis, var. canadensis, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Ainer.
Birds, iii. p. 416 (1874).
Dendragapus canadensis, Bend-ire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 51, pi. i.
figs. 20-23 (1892).
Canachites canadensis, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 69 (1893) ; Sharps,
Hand-l. i. p. 19 (1899).
The eggs of the Canada Grouse are of a reddish-buff colour, spotted
and boldly blotched with deep chocolate -brown. The specimens in
the Collection measure from 1-52 to 1*75 in length, and from 1'lri
to 1-2 in breadth.
1. N.America. Purchased of Warwick.
1. N. America (Smiths. InsL). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Fort Rae, Gt. Slave Lake Salvin-Godman Coll.
(Henshaw Coll.).
1. Mackenzie River District. B. R. Ross Esq. [P.].
2. Rocky Mountains, British N. Amer. Bound. Cornm.
Columbia (J. K. Lord).
Genus DENDRAGAPTJS, Elliot.
Dendragapus richardsoni (Dougl.).
Tetrao obscurus, Lord, Proc. R. A. Inst., Woolwicli, iv. p. 339 (1865).
Dendragapus obscurus, var. richardsoni, Baird, B reiver $ Ridr/w. N.
Amer. Birds, iii. p. 427 (1874) ; Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i.
p. 50 (1892) *.
Dendragapus richardsoni, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 76 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 20 (1899).
The two eggs of Richardson's Capercailzie in the Collection are
of a creamy-buff colour, thickly sprinkled all over with small
spots and irregular marks of pale rufous brown. They measure
respectively : 1-82 by 1-25 ; 1-8:3 by 1-28.
2. Rocky Mountains, British Co- N. Amer. Bound. Comm.
lumbia (J. K. Lord).
* The eggs of the allied species, D. fuliginosiis, are figured by Bendire, t. c.
pi. i. figs. 10-19.
*Q TETEAON1DJS.
Genus TYMPANUCHUS, GUger.
Tyinpanuchus americanus (ReicJienb.).
Cupidonia americana, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog, tab. 77. fig. 4 (1855-63).
Cupidonia cupido, var. cupido, Baird, Brewer § Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds,
iii. p. 440, part (1874).
Tympanuchus americanus, Bendire, Life Hist. N.A. Birds, i. p. 88, pi. ii.
figs. 18-20 (1892) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 78 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 20 (1899).
The eggs of the Prairie-Hen vary from cream-colour to olive-
buff. Some are perfectly unmarked ; others are sprinkled with
minute dots and spots of deep reddish brown, chiefly at the small
end ; and others again are mottled with streaky spots of pale rufous
and brown. They measure from 1'65 to 1'75 in length, and from
1-22 to 1-3 in breadth.
6. Red River Prairie, Canada, 21st N. Amer. Bound. Coumi.
June (G. M. Dawson).
1. N. America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Winnebogo, Illinois ( J. W. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Tolm an: Hen shaiv Coll. ) .
3. Laid in confinement (Zool. Zool. Society.
Gardens, London).
Genus CENTROCERCUS, Swains.
Centrocercus urophasianus (Bp.).
Centrocercus urophasianus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgzu. N. Amer. Birds,
iii. p. 429 (1874) ; Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 106, pi. iii.
figs. 11-13 (1892); Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 81 (1893);
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 20 (1899).
The eggs of the Sage-Grouse are of a brownish cream-colour
or pale greenish stone- col our, marked all over with spots and
small blotches of a deep reddish-brown or chocolate colour. They
measure from 2-07 to 2-2 in length, and from 1-45 to 1-55 in breadth.
1. N. America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
5. Gilmer, Wyoming Territory Salvin-Godman Coll,
(H. R. Durkee : Hmshaw
Coll.}.
Genus PEDICECETES, Baird.
Pedicecetes phasianellus (Linn.).
Pedicecetes phasiauellus, Ross, Nat. Hist. Rev. 1862, p. 283 ; Blakiston,
Ibis, 1862, p. 8; 1863, p. 124; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 20 (1899).
Pedicecetes phasianellus, var. phasianellus, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridgw. N.
Amer. Birds, iii. p. 434 (1874).
Pedioosetes phasianellus, Nelson, Report Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 139 (1887) ;
Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 97, pi. iii. figs. 3-5 (1892) ; Grant,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 82 (1893).
The eggs of the Northern Sharp-tailed Grouse vary in colour
PBDIOECETES. — BONASA .
29
from dark cream to brownish buff. Many arc unmarked ; others
are very sparingly speckled with deep reddish brown or purplish
brown. They measure from 1-63 to 1*77 in length, and from 1/22
to 1-26 in breadth.
4. [N. America.] Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Yukon, Alaska, 29th May Salvin-Godman Coll.
(t7. Lockhart : Smiths. Inst.).
4. Fort Yukon, Alaska (S. Jones : Salvin-Godman Coll.
Henshaiv Coll.}.
1. Fort Resolution. B. R. Eos?, Esq. [P.].
1. Carltou, Canada, 21st May (Copt. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Blakistoii}.
Pedioecetes columbianus (Ord).
Pedicecetes phasianellus, var. columbianus, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N.
Amer. Birds, iii. p. 436 (1874).
Pedioecetes phasianellus columbianus, Coues, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. iv.
p. 630 (1878).
PediocaBtes phasianellus columbianus, Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, \.
p. 98, pi. iii. figs. 6-8 (1892).
Pedioca3tes columbianus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 83 (1893).
Pedioecetes columbianus, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 20 (1899).
The three eggs of the Columbian Sharp-tailed Grouse in the
Collection are of a dark buff-colour, very minutely speckled with
dark brown over the whole shell. They can be matched very closely
by some of the eggs of P. phasianellus. They measure respectively :
1-65 by 1-2; 1-6 by 1-2 ; 1-65 by 1-18.
•5. Pembina, Dakota, llth June Salvin-Godman Coll.
(E. Coues ; Smiths. Inst.).
Genus BONASA, Steph.
Bonasa umbellus (Linn.).
Tetrao umbellus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 45, tab. ix. fig. 4 (1845-54).
Bonasia umbellus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 77. fig. 5 (1855-63).
Bonasa umbellus, Ross, Nat. Hist. Rev. 1862, p. 283 ; Bendire, Life Hist.
N. A. Birds, i. p. 59, pi. ii. fig. 1 (1892) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxii. p. 85 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 21 (1899).
Bonasa umbellus, var. umbellus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds.
iii. p. 448 (1874).
Bonasa umbellus, var. umbelloides *, iid. t. c. p. 453.
Bonasa umbellus, var. sabini, iid. t. c. p. 454.
Bonasa umbellus togata, Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 64, pi. ii.
fig. 2.
Bonasa umbellus umbelloides, id. t. c. p. 67, pi. ii. fig. 3.
Bonasa umbellus sabini, id. t. c. p. 08, pi. ii. tig. 4.
Bonasa togata, Sharps, Hand-l. i. p. 21 (1899;.
Bonasa umbelloides, id. t. c. p. 21.
Bonasa sabinei,zW. t. c. p. 21.
* I follow Mr. Grant in uniting all the races of this species. Dr. Sliarpe
keeps them separate, but quotes Professor Coues to the effect that B. togata
cannot be upheld, though B. umbelloides and B. sabinci are fairly recognizable.
30 TETRAOKID.E.
The eggs of the different races of the Ruffed Grouse are ex-
tremely variable in colour. The majority are of various shades
o£ cream- colour : some are perfectly unmarked : others show
a few small spots of pale rufous : a few are rather profusely
spotted with pale reddish brown, and some are marked with a, few
pale washed-out purple blotches. Three specimens in the Collec-
tion are of a buff-colour, minutely but thickly speckled with dark
rufous.
One specimen is unusually large and measures 1-8 by 1*35. Others
of normal size measure from 1'45 to 1'7 in length, and from I'l to
1-3 in breadth.
4. N.W.America. Gould Coll.
1. N. America. A. D. Bartlett, Esq. [P.].
3. N. America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Mackenzie River District. B. R, Ross, Esq. [P.].
1. Fort Simpson, 7th June. B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.J.
2. British Columbia (J. K. Lord}. N. Amer. Bound. Comm.
3. Musquash River, New Bruus- Salvin-Godman Coll.
wick, May (Arthur Dresser],
(>. Massachusetts (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Genus TETRASTES, Keys. $ Bias.
Tetrastes bonasia (Linn.).
Tetrao bonasia, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 46, tab. ix. figs. 5 a, h
(1845-54) ; Bree, Birds Eur. iii. p. 203, pi. — (1867).
Bonasia sylvestris, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 29. fig. 1 (1855-63).
Bonasa betulina, Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 193 (1871).
Tetrastes bonasia, Seebohm, Ibis, 1879, p. 147 ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxii. p. 90 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 21 (1899).
The eggs of the Hazel-Grouse vary from cream-colour to reddish
buff, and are much speckled and spotted, and sometimes blotched,
either with deep reddish brown or with pale rufous. They measure
from 1-45 to 1-6 in length, and from 1*08 to 1'2 in breadth.
Northern Europe. ' Purchased of Warwick.
Sweden. S. 0. Sahliu, Esq. [P.].
Lapland, 16th & 17th June Salvin-Godman Coll.
(J. Wolley).
2. Archangel (Nordvi). Seebohm Coll.
3. Vosges Mountains (Mouzel: Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.).
8. Yenese'i, lat. 66|° N., 25th June Seebohm Coll.
(H. Seebohm).
PHASIANIDJ5. 31
Family PHASIANID^.
The eggs of the Pheasants and Partridges vary greatly in form
and colour. Typically they resemble in shape the egg of the
common domestic Fowl, but in some species they are pyriform, and
in others of a spheroidal shape. The shell, as a rule, possesses a
considerable amount of gloss and is covered with pores or pits which
vary in depth and distinctness in proportion to the size of the eggs.
When these are small, the pores are nearly obsolete, when large
they are deep and conspicuous.
Genus TETRAOGALLUS, J. E. Gray.
The eggs of the species of Snow-Cocks bear a very close
resemblance to each other. They are of a regular oval shape and
the shell is moderately fine and glossy. The ground varies from
buff to pale olive-brown or stone-colour and this is speckled and
spotted, and occasionally blotched, with pale chestnut, purple and
umber- brown.
Tetraogallus tibetamis, Gould.
(Plate II. fig. 7.)
Tetraogallus tibetamis, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 275 (1879) ;
Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 104 (1893) ; Gates, Game Birds
Ind. i. p. 205 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 22 (1899).
The single egg of the Tibetan Snow-Cock in the Collection
measures 2-4 by 1*7.
1 . 3 miles south of the Pangour Tso, Hume Coll.
Tibet.
Tetraogallus altaicus (Gebler).
(Plate II. fig. 8.)
Tetraogallus altaicus, Grant, Cat. Birds £. M. xxii. p. 110 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 22 (1899).
The two eggs of the Altai Snow- Cock in the Collection are of
precisely the same size and measure 2'65 by 1-85.
2. Altai Mountains, 3rd May (C. A. Seebohm Coll.
Tancre).
Tetraogallus himalayensis (J. E. Gray}.
Tetraogallus himalayensis, Hume $ Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 207
(1879), iii. App. pi. iii. (1880) ; Biddulph, Ibis, 1881, p. 93; Scully,
Ibis, 1881, p. 586 ; Outes ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 426
(1890) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 106 (1893) ; Oates, Game
Birds Ind. i. p. 201 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 22 (1899).
One egg of the Himalayan Snow-Cock in the Collection is
abnormal, the ground being cream-coloured, spotted with pale
purple.
32 PHA8IAXIDJ!.
The eggs vary from 2-5 to 2-8 in length, and from 1/75 to 2 in
breadth.
1. Samarcand, 21st April. Seebohui Coll.
1. Gilgit, 10,000 feet, 28th April Seebohm Coll.
(Dr. Scully).
6. Ladak. Hume Coll.
4. Nelang, 14,000 feet, 10th June. Hume Coll.
1. Lahoul. Hume Coll.
6. Hills near Gangaotri. Hume Coll.
1. Himalayas. Major Charlton [P.].
5. Himalayas. Hume Coll.
Tetraogallus caspius((7m.).
Tetraogallus caspius, Danford, Ibis, 1878, p. 29 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. vii.
p. 241 (1878) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 108 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l i. p. 22 (1899).
The eggs of the Caspian Snow-Cock measure 2' 6 in length, and
from 1*8 to 1*87 in breadth.
4. Taurus, Asia Minor, 23rd April. C. G. Danford, Esq. [P.].
2. Taurus, 25th April. C. G. Daiiford, Esq. [P.].
Tetraogallus caucasicus (Pall.).
Oreotetrax caspia, Cab. J.f. O. 1873, p. 63, tab. iii. fig. 36.
Tetraogallus caucasicus, Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iv. p. Ill, pi. —
(1875) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 237 (1878) ; Grant, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxii. p. 109 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 22 (1899).
Megaloperdix caucasica, Lorenz, Beitr. Orn. Kaukas. p. 55 (1887).
The eggs of the Caucasian Snow-Cock measure from 2-55 to 2- 7
in length, and from 1'7 to 1'75 in breadth.
2. Caucasus (Lorenz). Seebohm Coll.
2. Caucasus, 22nd Ma}'. Seebohm Coll.
Genus CACCABIS, Kaup.
The eggs of the Red-legged Partridges are typically of a regular
oval form, but pyriform eggs are of frequent occurrence. They
vary in colour from a pale creamy white to a pale creamy buff and
they are generally spotted. The shell is smooth and glossy.
Caccabis saxatilis (Wolf $ Meyer).
Perdix prseca, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Voq. p. 27, tab. vii. figs. 5 a. b
(1845-54).
Perdix saxatilis, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 21. fig. 3 (1855-63).
Caccabis saxatilis, Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 93 (1875) ; Grant, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxii. p. Ill (1893) j Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 22 (1899).
The markings on the eggs of the Rock Red-legged Partridge
consist of specks and small spots of pale reddish brown or purplish
CACCABTS. 33
grey, evenly distributed over the shell. Some examples have small
blotches in addition to spots. They measure from 1*7 to 1'85 in
length, and from 1*2 to 1-3 in breadth.
2. Swiss Alps, June. Seebohm Coll.
2. Swiss Alps. Seebohm Coll.
4. Switzerland. Seebohm Coll.
8. Switzerland. Seebohm Coll.
Caccabis chukar (J. E. Gray}.
Perdix s^eca, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 67. fig. 2 (1855-63) ; Bree,
Birds Bur. iii. p. 242, pi. — (1867).
Caccabis saxatilis, Simpson, Ibis, 1860, p. 388; Tristram, Ibis, 1868,
p. 213.
Caccabis chukar, Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 97 (1875) ; Grant, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxii. p. 113 (1893); Oates, Game Birds Ind. \. p. 179
(1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 22 (1899).
Caccabis chukor, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 33 (1879) ;
Oates ed. Hume, Nests § Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 431 (1890).
Eggs of the Chukor Partridge taken in Greece are frequently
unmarked. Those from the Grecian Archipelago and Cyprus are
for the most part slightly spotted, and there are only t\vo specimens
in the Collection from these parts which may be said to be boldly
marked.
More to the eastward the eggs of this species are found to be in
all cases spotted and frequently blotched with purplish, reddish or
yellowish brown, and with grey and pink. They measure from
1%55 to 1-9 in length, and from 1*15 to 1*3 in breadth.
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Salvin-Godman Coll.
dens, London).
2. Athens, llth April (T. Krilper). Seebohm Coll.
9. Athens, 26th April (Seebohm $ Seebohm Coll.
Krilper}.
3. Delphi, Greece, 3rd May (8. $ K.}. Seebohm Coll.
3. Delphi, 3rd May. Seebohm Coll.
5. Tzipiana, Greece, 6th May ( W. II. Salvin-Godinan Coll.
Simpson).
2. The Cyclades, 15th Aug. (T. Seebohm Coll.
Krilper).
4. Cyprus. Lord Lilford [P.].
2. Mount Sinai. Gould Coll.
1. Marsaba, Palestine, 30th March Salvin-Godman Coll.
(H. B. Tristram).
6. Moab, March. Canon Tristram [C.
6. Jericho, March. Canon Tristram [C.
6. Jericho, March (H. B. Tristram}. Salvin-Godman Col
4. Kirina, Persia, 1st Oct. Sir Kenneth Loftus [P.
5. Kurdistan, 24th May. Sir Kenneth Loftus [P.
2. Tibet, 29th July, * 16,000 feet Hume Coll.
(F. Wilson).
2. India. Gould Coll.
16. Agrore Valley, May. Hume Coll.
VOL. I.
34 PHASIANID.2E.
5. Punjab. Prof. Oldham [P.].
3. Dhurumsala, N.W. Himalayas, Hume Coll.
12th April.
5. Kooloo, 1st April. Hume Coll.
3. Nelang, 10th June. Hume Coll.
5. Bussahir, 18th May. Hume Coll.
4. Wild Rose Camp, 29th June. Sir W. M. Conway [P.].
9. Kotegurh, 9th March. Hume Coll.
5. Kotegurh, 10th March. Hume Coll.
3. Kotegurh, 10th April. Hume Coll.
1. Kotegurh, 10th April. Hume Coll.
12. Kotegurh, 17th April. Hume Coll.
9. Kotegurh, 18th April. Hume Coll.
4. Kotegurh, 19th April. Hume Coll.
13. Kotegurh, 20th April. Hume Coll.
6. Kotegurh, 21st April. Hume Coll.
6. Kotegurh, 23rd April. Hume Coll.
1. Kotegurh, 30th April. Hume Coll.
8. Kotegurh, 30th April. Hume Coll.
1. Kotegurh, 10th May. Hume Coll.
1. Kotegurh, 16th May. Hume Coll.
5. Kotegurh, 18th May. Hume Coll.
15. Kotegurh, 20th May. Hume Coll.
Kotegurh, 31st May. Hume Coll.
Caccabis rufa (Linn.).
Perdix rubra, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Fog. p. 29, tab. vii. figs. 6, a, b (1845-
54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 21. fig. 2 (1855-63).
Perdix rufa, Heivitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 282, pi. Ixxi. fig. ii
(1856) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 457, pi. 20 (1884) ; id. Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 276, pi. 59. fig. 8 (1896).
Caccabis rufa, Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 223 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 103
(1875) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 118 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l
i. p. 22 (1899).
The eggs of the Common lied-legged Partridge closely resemble
those of C. chukar, but are apparently always spotted. They
measure from 1-5 to 1-6 in length, and from 1-15 to 1-25 in breadth.
6. Great Britain (Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.
1. Cumberland (Hey sham). Gould Coll.
5. Cambridge (H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.
3. Elveden, Norfolk (A. Neivton). Salvin-Godman Coll.
9. Loughton, Essex (J. W. Matt- Salvin-Godman Coll.
land).
2. Charlton Park, Kent. Sir T. Wilson [P.].
1, Malaga, Spain, 1st June (H. Seebohm Coll.
Saunders).
1. Malaga, 8th June (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
10. Seville, Spain, 20th May (Ruiz). Seebohm Coll.
2. Corsica. J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
Caccabis petrosa (Gm.).
Perdix petrosa, Thien. Fortfrflanz. ges.Vog. p. 28, tab. vii. fig. 7 (1845-54);
Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 21. fig. 4 (1855-63).
Oaccabis petrosa, Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 353 j Tristram, Ibis, 1860, p. 72 ;
CACCABIS. AMMOPEKDIX.
35
Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 223 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. Ill (1875) ;
Divon, Ibis, 1882, p. 577 ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 120
(1893) ; Irby, Orn. Sir. Oibr. 2nd ed. p. 239 (1895) ; Sharpe, Hand-l
i. p. 22 (1899).
The eggs of the Barbary Red-legged Partridge are more variable
in colour than those of any other species of the genus.
Some are very minutely and closely spotted with rufous, and
others are very boldly blotched and smudged with the same. Some
examples from Tunis are marked with greyish brown, without a
trace of rufous. The markings on a few specimens are so minute
that they might easily pass unobserved. The eggs measure from
1-55 to 1-75 in length, and from 1*15 to 1'25 in breadth.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
8.
3.
8.
5.
4.
3.
Gibraltar (H. Saunders}.
Tangiers (L. H. Irby}.
N. Africa.
N. Africa.
N. Africa.
Tunis.
Algeria, April (H. B. Tristram).
Algeria, May (C. Dixori).
Kef Laks, Algeria, 15th April
(O. Salvin).
Kef Laks, 16th April (O. &).
Kef Laks, 20th April (O. &).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Gould Coll.
H. F. Walter, Es
R. T. Frere, Esq.
Louis Fraser, Esq? [C.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Genus AMMOPERDIX, Gould.
The eggs of the Rock-Partridges vary in shape from a broad
oval to pyriform, but sometimes they are narrow and elongated.
The shell is fine and smooth and usually possesses a considerable
amount of gloss.
In colour the eggs vary from white to creamy-white or pale buff.
Some few specimens are speckled with grey and reddish brown, but
the majority are quite plain.
Ammoperdix bonhami (Fraser).
(Plate II. figs. 1 & 2.)
Ammoperdix bonhami, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds 2nd. ii. p. 45 (1879) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 117 (1880) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs
Ind. B. iii. p. 433 (1890) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 123
(1893) ; Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 185 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i.
p. 23 (1899).
The eggs of the Seesee Partridge, or Bonhanrs Rock-Partridge,
measure from 1*3 to 1/5 in length, and from 1 to 1*1 in breadth.
9. Jask, Gulf of Oman, April.
12. Khewra, Salt Range, Punjab,
23rd April.
9. Punjab.
4. Attock, 5th May.
13. [KW. India.]
8. Butcher, Esq. [P.].
Hume Coll.
Prof. Oldham [P.].
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
D2
36
Ammoperdix heyi (Temm.).
Caccabis heyii, Tristram, Ibis, 1859, p. 36.
Ammoperdix heyi, Tristram, Ibis, 1868, p. 214 ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M,
xxii. p. 125 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 23 (1899).
The eggs of Hey?s Eock- Partridge measure from 1'37 to 1/5 in
length, and from 1 to 1*07 in breadth.
1. Jericho, 1st April (H, B. Tristram). Canon Tristram [0.1.
2. Jericho, 13th April (H. B. T.). Canon Tristram [0.7.
2. Jericho, 13th April (H. B. T.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Jericho, 12th April (J. H. Cochrane). H. Saunders, Esq.
1. Jericho, 17th April (J. H. C.). II. Saunders, Esq.
Genus FKANCOLINUS, Stephens.
The eggs of the Francolins are of two types as regards their form,
So far as can be judged from the specimens in the Collection, it
appears that those of the African species are of a very regular oval
shape, whereas those of the European and Asiatic species are pyri-
form, one end being usually very broad and rounded, and the other
abruptly pointed. The shell is glossy, and in some cases highly so.
Francolinus francolinus (Linn.).
Francolinus vulgaris, Baedeker, Eier Eur, Voy. tab. 21. fig. 1 (1855-63) j
Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 123 (1876) ; Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds
Ind. ii. p. 9 (1879) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ E</gs Ind. B. iii. p. 428
(1890) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1891, p. 111.
Perdix francolinus, Bree, Birds Eur. iii. p. 236, pi. — (1867).
Francolinus francolinus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 132 (1893) ;
Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 156 (1898): Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 23
(1899).
The eggs of the Common or Black Francolin vary considerably in
colour, being of an olive-brown, drab, buff or stone-colour or even
of a very pale green. They are quite plain, but some examples
exhibit white spots, as if the outer layer of the shell had become
disintegrated*. The eggs measure from 1-35 to 1/8 in length, and
from 1'15 to 1-4 in breadth.
1. Cyprus, 24th April (Lord Lilford). Lord Lilford [P.].
1. Cilicia, Asia Minor (T. Krilper). Seebohm Coll.
4. Asia Minor, 7th May. Seebohin Coll.
Syria, 4th June. Seebohm Coll.
6. Fao, Persian Gulf. W. D. dimming, Esq.
7. Fao, 28th May. W. D. Gumming, Esq.
4. Fao, 17th June. W. D. Gumming, Esq.
5. Fao, 22nd June. W. D. Gumming, Esq.
2. Sind (J. H. Gould). Gould Coll.
10. Eastern Narra, Sind (S. Doig). Hume Coll.
P.I
P.t
•P.J.
P.I.
* Thienemann figures the egg of this species (Fortpflanz. p. 31, tab. vii. fig. 8)
as densely spotted. The figure probably represents the egg of some species
of Caccabis.
FRANCOLJNUS. 37
2. Near Simla. Hume Coll.
(>. Koomersain, Simla, 1st July. Hume Coll.
4. Kotegurh, 24th May. Hume Coll.
4. Kotegurh, 17th June. Hume Coll.
12. Gurhwal, June. Hume Coll.
4. Sultaupur, 10th July. Hume Coll.
1. Sultanpur, loth July. Hume Coll.
3. Sirsa. Hume Coll.
Francolinus chinensis (Osbeck).
(Plate II. fig. 4.)
Francolinus chinensis, Hume # Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 27 (1879) ;
Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 431 (1890) ; Grant, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxii. p. 136 (1893) ; Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 165
(1898); Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 23 (1899).
The eggs of the Chinese Francolin vary from cream-colour to
buff. They differ greatly in size, measuring from 1*25 to 1*6 in
length, and from 1'05 to 1-2 in breadth.
2. Palow, Lower Burma, June (E. W. Hume Coll.
Oates}.
4. Upper Burma, 20th May (E. W. 0.). Oates Coll.
9. Meiktila, Upper Burma, 12th Sept. Oates Coll.
(E. W. O.).
Francolinus pictus (J. 4" &•)•
(Plate II. fig. 5.)
Francolinus pictus, Hume 8f Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 19 (1879) ;
Leggc, Birds Ceyl. p. 744 (1880) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs
Lid. B. iii. p. 430 (1890) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 138
(1893); Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 161 (1898); Sharpe, Hand-l.
i. p. 23 (1899).
The eggs of the Painted Francolin are of a cream, buff or stone-
colour, and a tinge of green is present in some of the specimena.
They are extremely short in relation to their width, varying from
1'3 to 1'5 in length, and from I'l to 1*25 in breadth.
10. Jhansi, India, llth Aug. (F. JR. Hume Coll.
Blewitt}.
Francolinus pondicerianus (Gm.).
(Plate II. fig. 6.)
Francolinus poudicerianus, Layard, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. 2nd ser. xiv.
p. 107 (1854) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 141 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 23 (1899).
Ortygornis pondicerianus, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 51
(1879); Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 749 (1880); Oates ed. Hume, Nests
Sf Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 435 (1890) ; Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 170
The eggs of the Grey Francolin vary from cream-colour to very
pale creamy buff, and measure from T2 to T45 in length, and from
'95 to 1-15 in breadth.
38 PHASIANID^.
5. India. Gould"' Coll.
4. Sirsa, Punjab, 25tli March. Hume Coll.
7. Sirsa. Hume Coll.
1. Hansi, Punjab, 2nd June. Hume Coll.
2. Hansi, 21st May. Hume Coll.
4. Sambhur. Hume Coll.
3. Sambhur, 24th April. Hume Coll.
4. Sambhur, 1st May. Hume Coll.
4. Sind (J. H. Gould). Gould Coll.
2. Sind (J. H. G.). ' Salvin-Godinan Coll,
7. Saharanpur, 7th April (G. F. L. Marshall). Hume Coll.
6. Delhi, 3rd April. Hume Coll.
2. Delhi, 23rd April (C. T. Bingham). Hume Coll.
2. Delhi, 7th May (C. T. B.). Hume Coll.
3. Gurgaon, 3rd March. Hume Coll.
3. Agra, 27th March. Hume Coll.
2. Etawah. Hume Coll.
5. Etawah, 25th March. Hume Coll.
1. Jhansi, llth May. Hume Coll.
1. Mirzapur, 5th March. Hume Coll.
1. Ceylon. E. L. Layard, Esq.
Prancolinus kirki, Hartl.
Francolinus kirki, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 149 (1893) : Sharpe,
Hand-L i. p. 23 (3899).
The eggs of Kirk's Francolin have an excessively thick coarse
shell, deeply pitted all over. They are of a pale yellowish cream-
colour. Pour examples measure respectively : 1-46 by 1'17; 1*47
by 1-15 ; 1-45 by 1-15 ; 1-49 by M5.
4. Ruo River, British Central Africa, A. B. Percival. Esq. TC 1.
4th Dec.
Francolinus africanus (Steph.).
Perdix afra, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 32, tab. vii. fig. 11 (1845-54),
Francolinus afer, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds 8. Africa, p. 595 (1875-84),
Francolinus africanus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 152 (1893):
Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 24 (1899).
Of the two eggs of the Pearl-breasted Francolin in the Collection,
one is of a pale stone-colour, the other of a pale olive-brown.
Both are sprinkled with very minute brown specks. They measure
respectively: 1-55 by 1-15; 1-55 by 1-2.
1. Cape Colony. H. F. Walter, Esq. [P.].
1. South Africa (E. L. Layard). E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
Francolinus gularis (Temm.}.
(Plate III. fig. 7.)
Ortygornis gularis, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds 2nd. ii. p. 59 (1879) ;
Oates ed. Hume, Nests $Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 437 (1890) : Oates, Game
Birds Ind. i. p. 174 (1898).
Francolinus gularis, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 158 (1893) : Sharpe.
Hand-L i. p. 24 (1899).
The eggs of the Indian Swamp-Partridge are of a pale rufous
FRANCOLINUS.
cream-colour, with numerous purplish specks at the larger end.
They measure from 1'44 to 1/5 in length, and from 1-16 to 1/23
in breadth.
4. Khoolna, Jessore, 13th April (H. J. Hume Coll.
Rainey).
Francolinus bicalcaratus (Linn.).
(Plate III. fig. 9.)
Francolinus bicalcaratus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 160 (1893) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. ix. (Suppl.) p. 325 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i.
p. 24 (1899).
The eggs of the Double-spurred Francolin in the Collection are
of a plain reddish-buff colour. Two specimens measure respectively :
1-75 by 1-3; 1-85 by 1-3.
2. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, Zool. Society.
London).
Francolinus sharpei, Oyilvie Grant.
(Plate III. fig. 8.)
Francolinus sharpii, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 164 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 25 (1899).
The two eggs of Sharpens Francolin in the Collection are of a
dark cream-colour, and measure respectively : 1/75 by 1-3; 1/7 by
1-25.
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, Zool. Society.
London).
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, Zool. Society.
London, 19th Dec.).
Francolinus capensis (6rw.).
Perdix clamator, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 32, tab. vii. tig. 9
(1845-54).
Francolinus clamator, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa^ p. 591
(1875-84).
Francolinus capensis. Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 165 (1893) ;
Skarpe, Hand-l. i. p. 25 (1899).
The eggs of the Cape Francolin are usually of a brownish
cream-colour or pale buff, occasionally with a decided purplish
tinge. Those laid in the Zoological Gardens, recorded below, are
of a pale purplish grey. Some specimens are said to be spotted.
They measure from 1/8 to 1-95 in length, and from 1/4 to 1'5 in
breadth.
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens,
London).
3. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens,
London).
6. S. Africa.
2. S. Africa (E. L. Layard).
Zool. Society.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.
E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.],
40 PHASIANIDJE.
Genus PTERNISTES, Wagler.
Pternistes midicollis (Bodd.).
Perdix nudicollis, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 32, tab. vii. fig. 10
(1845-54).
Pternistes nudicollis, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 589 (1875-
84) ; Grant. Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 174 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i.
p. 25 (1899).
The single egg of the Cape Bare-throated Francolin in the
Collection is a blunt oval, approaching an ellipse in form, and is
reddish buff, very minutely but closely spotted all over with dark
reddish brown or purple. It measures 1*55 by 1/15.
1. S. Africa. H. F. Walter Esq. fP.].
Genus PERDIX, Brisson.
Perdix perdix (Linn.).
Perdix cinerea, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 30, tab. vii. fig. 12 a, b
(1845-54) ; Heivitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 281, pi. Ixxi. fig. i
(1856) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 131 (1878) ; Seebohm, Brit.
Birds, ii. p. 452, pi. 21 (1884) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 276,
pi. 59. tig. 5 (1896).
Starna perdix, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 21. fig. 5 (1855-63).
Perdix perdix, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 185 (1893); Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 26 (1899).
The eggs of the Common Partridge vary in shape from regular
oval to pyriform and in colour from olive-brown to brownish cream-
colour, but white and pale bluish-green examples are not uncommon.
They measure from 1/3 to 1/5 in length, and from 1/05 to 1*15 in
breadth.
5. Knockie, Inverness-shire, 17th May Seebohm Coll.
(Hargitt Coll.).
8. North Berwick (Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Sheffield (H. Seebohm). Seebohm Coll.
4. Nether Haddon, Derbyshire, June. Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Nether Haddon, June. Salvin-Godman Coll.
6. Sherwood Forest (H. Seebohm). Seebohm Coll.
2. Sweden. S. 0. Sahlin, Esq. [P.].
10. Pomerania, 12th July (T. Holland}. Seebohm Coll.
6. Pomerania (T. H.). Seebohm Coll.
Perdix hodgsoniae (Hodgs.).
Perdix hodgsoniaB, Hume 8f Marsh. Game Birds 2nd. ii. p. 65 (1879) ; iii.
App. pi. iii. (1880) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 438
(1890); Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 193 (1893) ; Oates, Game
Birds Ind. i. p. 191 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 27 (1899).
The two eggs of Mrs. Hodgson's, or the Tibetan, Partridge in
the Collection are of a regular oval shape and of a pale brownish
PKEDICULA. MICKOPERD1X.
41
cream-colour. They measure respectively: 1-75 by 1*17; 1*65 by
1-15.
1. Tibet, 12th July (Capt. Barnes).
1. Ladak.
Hume Coll.
Col. J. Biddulph [P.],
Genus PERDICULA, Hodys.
The eggs of the two species of Bush-Quails of this genus are quite
undistinguishable from each other. They are of an oval, pyriform,
or even spheroidal shape, and of a white or creamy-white colour
with a faint gloss.
Perdicula asiatica (Lath.}.
(Plate III. fig. 1.)
Perdicula asiatica, Hume $ Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 109 (1879) ;
Ley ye, Birds Ceyl. p. 752 (1880) ; Gates ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eyys Ind.
B. i'ii. p. 440 (1890) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 198 (1893) ;
Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 112 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 28
(1899).
The eggs of the Jungle Bush-Quail measure from -96 to I'l in
length, and from '79 to -9 in breadth.
2. Bhore Ghat, India, 3rd Dec. Hume Coll.
1. Etawah, 21st Oct. Hume Coll.
1. Etawah. Hume Coll.
9. Saugor, Central Provs. Hume Coll.
Perdicula argoondah (Syl-es).
Perdicula argoondah, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 117 (1879) ;
Oates ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eyys Ind. B. iii. p. 441 (1890) ; Grant, Cat
Birds B. M. xxii. p. 200 (1893) ; Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 115
(1895) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 28 (1899).
The eggs of the Rock Bush-Quail do not differ in size from the
eggs of the Jungle Bush- Quail.
S. Jhansi, C. P. India, 3rd Sept. (F. R. Hume Coll.
Blewitt}.
(3. Jhansi, 3rd Sept. (F. R. B.}. Hume Coll.
2. Jhansi, 4th Sept. ( F. R. B.}. Hume Coll.
4. Jhansi, 7th Sept. (F. R. B.). Hume Coll.
2. Jhansi, 18th Sept. (F. R. B.}. Hume Coll.
Genus MICROPERDIX, Gould.
Microperdix erythrorhyncha (Sylces).
(Plate III. fig. 4.)
Microperdix erythrorhyncha, Hume 8f Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 123
(1879) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 442 (1890) ;
Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 203 (1893) ; Oates, Game Birds
Ind. i. p. 100 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 28 (1899).
The eggs of the Painted Bush-Quail are of an elongated oval
42
shape, smooth and glossy. They vary from a pale to a dark cream-
colour. Sometimes an example presents the appearance of being
speckled, but these markings are probably merely stains resulting
from incubation. They measure from 1*11 to 1-35 in length, and
from -87 to -95 in breadth.
3. Coonoor, Nilghiris. Hurne Coll.
1. Coonoor, 3rd March. Hume Coll.
2. Coonoor, 12th March. Hume Coll.
1. Coonoor, 9th Sept. Hume Coll.
5. Kotagherry, Nilghiris, 7th April Hume Coll.
(Miss Cockburn).
6. Kotagherry, 25th July (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburn).
4. Kotagherry, 1st Sept. (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburn).
3. Ootacamund, 6th March. Hume Coll.
4. Nilghiris, Dec. Hume Coll.
1. Peria, Wynaad (/. Darling, Junior}. Hume Coll.
Genus ARBORICOLA, Hodgson.
The eggs of the Hill-Partridges vary from a broad oval shape to-
pyriform. Some eggs are plain, others are slightly spotted.
Arboricola torqueola ( Valenc.) .
(Plate III. fig. 5.)
Arboricola torqueola, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 69 (1879) ;
Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 207 (1893) ; Oates, Game Birds
Ind. i. p. 133 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 29 (1899).
The eggs of the Common Hill- Partridge are pale greenish white,
with a few very small ashy spots scattered over the shell. The four
specimens in the Collection measure respectively : 1'55 by 1*23 ;
1-55 by 1-25; 1-52 by 1-25; 1-6 by 1-25.
4. [Himalayas.] Old Collection.
Arboricola atrigularis, Blyth.
Arboricola atrigularis, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 79 (1879) ;
iii. App. pi. iv. (1880) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. iii.
p. 439 (1890) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 209 (1893) ; Oates,
Game Birds Ind. i. p. 145 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 29 (1899).
The eggs of the White-cheeked Hill-Partridge are plain white,
and measure from 1*33 to 1'43 in length, and from !•! to 1*13 in
breadth.
3. Sylhet, 15th April (J. R. Cripps). Hume Coll.
2. Sylhet, 18th May (J. R. C.). Hume Coll.
ARBOKICOLA. — ROLLULTJS.
43
Arboricola crudigularis
(Plate III. fig. 3.)
Oreoperdix crudigularis, Sicinhoe, Ibis, 1865, p. 542, 1866, p. 401.
Arboricola erudigularis, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 211 (1893) ;
SJiarpe, Hand-l. i. p. 29 (1899).
The two eggs of the Formosan Hill-Partridge in the Collection are
plain white, and measure respectively : 1/54 by 1/12 ; 1-65 by 1*2.
2. Formosa, April (R. Sivinhoe). Seebohm Coll.
Arboricola intermedia, BlytJi.
Arboricola intermedia, Hume $ Marsh. Game Birds 2nd. ii. p. 85 (1879) ;
Gates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 440 (1890) ; Grant, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxii. p. 211 (1893) ; Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 140
(1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 29 (1899).
The eggs of the Arrakan Hill-Partridge are plain white, and
measure from 1'46 to 1*52 in length, and from 1*13 to 1/19 in
breadth.
6. Machi, Manipur, 10th May Hume Coll.'
(A. O. Hume).
Arboricola rufigularis, Blyth.
Arboricola rufigularis, Hume Sf Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 75 (1879) ;
Oates ed. Hume, Nests $Egas Ind. B. iii. p. 439 (1890) ; Grant, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxii. p. 212 (1893) ; Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 137
(1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 29 (1899).
The single egg of Blyth's Hill-Partridge in the Collection is
dull white, with a few very minute and indistinct ashy spots. It
measures 1-5 by 1*15.
1. Pattabong, below Darjiling,
4th July (L. Mandelli).
Hume Coll.
Genus ROLLULUS, Bonn.
Rollulus roulroul (Scop.).
(Plate III. fig. 6.)
Rollulus roulroul, Sharpe, Ibis, 1879, p. 270 ; Hume fy Marsh. Game
Birds Ind. ii. p. 103 (1879) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 225
(1893) ; Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 126 (1898) : Sliarpe. Hand-l.
i. p. 30 (1899).
The eggs of the Crested Wood-Partridge are broad ovals, com-
pressed at one end, and of a pale creamy-buff colour. The three
specimens in the Collection measure respectively : 1*5 by 1*22; 1/5
by 1-17 ; 1-5 by 1-17.
2. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar-
dens, London).
1. Lumbidan, N.W. Borneo.
Zool. Society.
Sir Hugh Low [C.].
44 PHASIANID^;.
Genus MELANOPERDIX, Jerdon.
Melanoperdix nigra ( Vigors).
(Plate III. fig. 2.)
Melanoperdix nigra, Everett, List Birds Born. p. 199 (1889) ; Hose, Ibis,
1893, p. 423 ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 228 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-L i. p. 30 (1899).
One of the eggs of the Black Wood-Partridge in the Collection is
in fragments. The other is a very broad oval with one end much
compressed and pointed. It is plain white and measures 1'6
by 1-25.
2. Baram, Sarawak, Borneo, Sept. A. H. Everett, Esq. [P.].
Genus COTURNIX, Bonn.
The eggs of the True Quails are of a pointed oval shape. They
are all handsomely marked, but the amount of gloss is very
variable.
Coturnix coturnix (Linn.).
Perdix coturnix, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Vb'g. p. 34, tab. viii. fig. 1 a, b,
fig. 2a,b (1845-54).
Coturnix communis, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Voq. tab. 21. fig. 6 (1855-63) ;
Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 224 ; Dresser, B'irds Eur. vii. p. 143 (1878) ;
Hume Sf Marsh. .Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 133 (1879) ; Seebohm, Brit.
Birds, ii. p. 462, pi. 20 (1884) ; Gates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind.
B. ni. p. 443 (1890) ; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 277, pi. 59.
figs. 1, 3 (1896).
Coturnix vulgaris, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 284, pi. Ixxii.
(1856).
Turnix coturuix, Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 353.
Coturnix coturnix, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 231 (1893) ; Oates,
Game Birds Ind. i. p. 80 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 31 (1899).
The eggs of the Common Quail are of various shades of
creamy white, yellowish buff, buff and greenish yellow, marked
with deep olive-brown, reddish brown, and blackish brown. In
some the markings consist of small specks and irregularly-shaped
spots, with a few small blotches. In others the markings are
mostly blotches of considerable size, frequently confluent, and
covering quite half the surface of the shell. Numerous specimens
measure from !•! to 1-2 in length, and from '85 to -95 in breadth.
2. Sheffield (H. Seebohm). Seebohm Coll.
6. Cambridge (H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.
9. Wicken Fen, Cambridge ( W. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Far r en). .
11. Ely, Cambridgeshire ( W. F.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
5. Malaga, Spain (H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.
5. Dorpat, Baltic Provinces (Russow). Seebohm Coll.
6. Pomerania (T. Holland). Seebohm Coll.
COTURNIX. 45>
5. Tunis. Louis Fraser, Esq. [C.].
5. Zana, Algeria, loth June (O. Saloin). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Chemora, Algeria, 1st June (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
11. Jask, Gulf of Oman, 23rd March. S. Butcher, Esq. [P.].
6. Lahore, India, 19th April (C. H. T. Hume Coll.
Marshall).
4. Allahabad, 26th March. Hume Coll.
1. Allahabad. Hume Coll.
2. N.W. Provinces. Hume Coll.
Coturnix africana (T. & S.).
Coturnix communis, Cowan, Proc. -R. Phys. Soc. Edinb. vii. p. 149'
(1882).
Coturnix cotumix, Sharpe , ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 603, part.
(1875-84).
Coturnix capensis, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 237 (1893).
Cotumix africana, Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 31 (1899).
The eggs of the Cape Quail are quite similar to those of
C. coturnix, both in size and colour.
1. S. Africa. Gould Coll.
3. S. Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
8. Betsileo, Madagascar. Kev. W. Deans Cowan [C.].
Coturnix japonica, T. 4" &
Coturnix dactylisonans, Swinh. Ibis, 1861, pp. 260, 341.
Coturnix japonica, Blak. # Pryer, Ibis, 1878, p. 226 ; Grant, Cat. Birds
B M. xxii. p. 239 (1893) ; Gates, Game Birds Lid. i. p. 87 (1898) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 31 (1899).
The eggs of the Japanese Quail do not appear to differ in any
respect from those of C. cotumix.
5. Japan (H. Pn/er}. Seebohm Coll.
5. Talien Bay, N. China, July Seebohm Coll.
(jR. Siomhoe}.
Coturnix coromandelica (Gm.).
Coturnix coromandelica, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 151
(1879) ; iii. App. pi. iv. (1880) ; Gates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind.
B. iii. p. 444 (1890) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 241 (1893) ;
Oat es, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 90 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 31
(1899).
The eggs of the Black-breasted or Rain Quail vary excessively,
the ground-colour ranging from yellowish white to reddish buff.
The markings are black, purplish, olive, reddish brown or rich brown,
and consist of specks, spots and blotches. Some examples are thickly
covered with fine specks only ; others are speckled and also blotched ;
and others again are blotched and marbled. They measure from 1
to 1*25 in length, and from '8 to -9 in breadth.
3. India. Purchased of Warwick.
6. Karachi, 8th Aug. Hume Coll.
46
PHASIANID^E.
5. Sholapur, 4th Aug. (Davidson fy Huine Ooll.
Wenden}.
ll. Sholapur, 7th Aug. (Z). fy W.). Hume Coll.
2. Sholapur, 9th Aug. (D. $ W.}. Hume Coll.
7. Sholapur, 12th Aug. (D. $ W.}. Hume Coll.
7. Sholapur, 14th Aug. (D. fy W.). Hume Coll.
7. Sholapur, 15th Aug. (D. $ W.). Hume Coll.
5. Sholapur, 18th Aug. (D. $ W.}. Hume Coll.
7. Sholapur, 25th Sept. (D. # W.}. Hume Coll.
66. Belgaum (E. A. Sutler}. Hume Coll.
Coturnix pectoralis, Gould.
Coturnix pectoralis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 190 (1865) ; Camp-
Mi, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 51 (1883) ; North, Nests $ Eyqs
Austr. Birds, p. 289, pi. xvi. fig. 10 (1889) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxii. p. 244 (1893) j Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 31 (1899).
The eggs of the Australian Quail contained in the Collection can
be matched by eggs of C. cotumiv with regard to coloration, but they
are of rather larger size. They are of two types : in one they are
largely blotched, in the other they are thickly speckled and spotted.
13. Australia. Gould Coll.
2. Australia (Gould Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Australia. Sir D. Cooper [P.].
2. West Australia. Gould Coll.
2. Gippsland, Victoria. F. A. Philbrick, Esq., Q.C.
[P.].
Coturnix novae zealandiae (Q. $ G.).
(Plate IV. fig. 6.)
Coturnix novae-zealandias, Potts, Tr. N. Z. Inst. ii. p. 66 (1869) ; iii.
p. 92 (1870) ; v. p. 185 (1872) ; Buller, Birds Neiu Zeal. 2nd ed. i.
p. 225 (1888); Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 245 (1893);
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 31 (1899).
The eggs of the extinct New Zealand Quail are of a creamy-buff
colour, marked with extremely dark chocolate-brown or blackish
brown. Two examples in the Collection are marked with bold
blotches combined with many specks and spots ; two others are
marked with confluent blotches and spots, covering nearly the entire
surface of the shell. The four specimens measure respectively :
1-3 by 1; 1-35 by 1; 1-4 by 1 ; 1-3 by 1.
2. Plains of Port Cooper, New Zealand, Capt. Stokes, K.N. [P.].
24th April (F. Strange).
2. New Zealand. Gould Coll.
Genus SYNCECUS, Gould.
Synoecus australis (Temm.).
Perdix australis, Thien. Fortpflanz. ties. Vb'q. p. 35, tab. viii. fig. 3 a. b
(1845-54).
Synoicus australis, MacgiUivray, Voy. ' Rattlesnake,' ii. p. 358 (1852) ;
SYN03CUS. EXCALFACTORIA.
47
Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 193 (1865) ; Campbell, Nests fy Eggs
- - - ; No -
(1889).
Austr. Birds, p. 51 (1883) ; North, Nests $Egc/s Austr. Birds, p. 289
Syncecus australis, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 247 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 31 (1899).
The eggs of the Australian Swamp-Quail vary much in size and
colour, and no two clutches resemble each other. They are nor-
mally broad ovals, with one end much pointed. Some are white,
occasionally marked with a few very tiny dark scattered dots;
others are creamy white, some thickly, some sparingly, freckled and
occasionally blotched with pale grey ; others again are a dull pale
stone-colour or greenish white, much speckled with rufous or brown.
A specimen from Tasmania is of this latter character, being of a pale
stone-colour with very numerous dots all over the shell, but it is
fully twice the size of any other egg of this species in the Collec-
tion. The following are the average dimensions of the eggs of this
bird from various localities :
Port Essington
Moreton Bay .
Tasmania. .
Australia (Copt. Stanley).
Australia.
Australia.
Baudin Island, N.W. Australia, July.
New South Wales.
Port Essington.
Port Essington.
Moreton Bay.
Tasmania.
1-15 by -9
1-3 by -95
1-45 by 1-05.
Voy. H.M.S. ' Rattlesnake.'
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Lieut. G. Oliver [P.].
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Syncecus raalteni (Mull, fy Sclileg.).
(Plate IV. fig. 1.)
Synoecus raalteni, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 249 (1893) : Sharpe.
Hand-l. i. p. 31 (1899).
The eggs of Raalten's Swamp-Quail are broad ovals, pointed at
one end and approaching the pyriform. The ground-colour is of a
pale cream- or stone-colour, and this is thickly sprinkled over with
minute pale rufous dots and specks, very evenly distributed over
the shell. The four specimens in the Collection measure respec-
tively : 1-08 by -9 ; 1-1 by -89 ; 1-07 by -89 ; 1-1 by -87.
4. Alor Island, Moluccas, 18th April. A. H. Everett, Esq. [P.].
Genus EXCALFACTORIA, Bp.
Excalfactoria chinensis (Linn.).
Excalfactoria chinensis, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1863, p. 398; Hume $ Marsh.
Game Birds 2nd. ii. p. 161 (1879) ; iii. App. pi. iii. (1880) ; Gates ed.
Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 448 (1890) ; Grant, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxii. p. 250 (1893) : Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 95 (1898) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 32 (1899).
48 PHASIANIDJ3.
The eggs of the Blue-breasted, or Painted, Quail are broad ovals,
generally much pointed at one end, and they vary in colour from
pale buff to brownish olive, spotted with very minute dots of reddish
brown arid purple. Some appear to be unspotted, but on close ex-
amination they will be found to be covered with extremely mjnute
specks. The ground-colour of one specimen is pale blue. They
measure from '95 to 1*05 in length, and from -7 to *8 in breadth.
4. Darjiling Terai, loth Aug. Hume Coll.
2. Cac'har (J. R. Infjlis). Hume Coll.
2. Pegu, 14th July (K W. Gates], Gates Coll.
6. Klang, Malay Peninsula, 15th March. Hume Coll.
5. Formosa (R. Sivinhoe). Seebohm Coll.
3. Formosa, 21st Oct. (P. A. Hoist). Seebohm Coll.
1. Formosa, 18th Aug. (P. A. H.). Seebohm Coll.
Excalfactoria lineata (Scop.).
(Plate IV. fig. 2.)
Excalfactoria australis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 197 (1865) ;
Campbell, Nests $ Eyys Austr. Birds, p. 51 (1883) ; North, Nests fy
Eags Austr. Birds, p.' 291 (1889).
Excalfactoria chinensis, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 350.
Excalfactoria lineata, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 253 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 32 (1899).
The eggs of the Island Painted Quail resemble those of E. chinensis
in texture, gloss, shape and size, but differ markedly from them in
colour. They are of a light green, pale brown, stone-colour or
olive-buff, thickly spotted all over with blackish brown or dark
chocolate-brown, the spots being clear and distinct and of small
size.
10. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
10. Labuan Island, N.W. Borneo. Sir Hugh Low [C.].
Genus BAMBUSICOLA, Gould.
The eggs of the Bamboo-Partridges are of a broad oval, or,
occasionally, of an elliptical form. They possess a fair amount
of gloss.
Bambusicola fytchei, Anders.
(Plate IV. fig. 8.)
Bambusicola hopkinsoni, Godwin-Austen, J. A. S. B. xliii. pt. 2, p. 172
(1874).
Bambusicola fytclrii, Hume $ Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 97 (1879) ;
Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 257 (1893) ; Oates, Game Birds
2nd. i. p. 210 (1898).
Bambusicola fytchei, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 32 (1899).
The eggs of Fytche's Bamboo-Partridge are of a rich cream-
colour, and measure from 1/4 to 1'55 in length, and from 1*1 to
1*15 in breadth.
BAMBT7SICOL.V. GALLIPERDIX. 49
4. Kohima, Naga Hills (Capt. H. Col. H. II. Godwin- Austen
Stevens}. [C.].
1. Southern Shan States (A. H. Gates Coll.
Hildebrand).
Bambusicola thoracica (Temm.).
(Plate IV. fig. 5.)
Bambusicola thoracica, Swinhoe, Ibis, 18(33, p. 400; Grant, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxii. p. 258 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 32 (1899).
The eggs of the Chinese Bamboo-Partridge are cream-coloured,
with some very pale grey shell-markings and some minute rufous
dots. The three specimens in the Collection measure respectively :
1-27 by 1-08 ; 1'32 by 1-05 ; 1-35 by 1-08.
3. Amoy, China (R. Swinhoe). Seebohm Coll.
Bambusicola sonorivox, Gould.
(Plate IV. fig. 3.)
Bambusicola sonorivox, Siuinhoe, Ibis, 1863, p. 399 ; Grant, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxii. p. 259 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 32 (1899).
The eggs of the Formosan Bamboo-Partridge are of various
shades of cream-colour. Some are plain, but the majority are
freckled with very minute rufous dots which are sometimes evenly
spread over the shell and sometimes collected at one end. Some
specimens are much stained with yellow. They measure from
1-25 to 1-45 in length, and from 1 to 1/1 in breadth.
1. Formosa (R. Swinhoe). Seebohm Coll.
4. Formosa, 13th April (P. A. Hoist}. Seebohm Coll.
5. Formosa, 29th April (P. A. H.}. Seebohm Coll.
3. Formosa, 18th May (P. A. H.}. Seebohm Coll.
3. Formosa, 7th Aug. (P. A. H.). Seebohm Coll.
Genus GALLIPERDIX, Blyth.
The eggs of the Spur-Fowl are glossy and of a regular oval form.
They vary from cream-colour to a warm reddish buff.
Galliperdix spadicea (Gm.}.
(Plate IV. fig. 4.)
Galloperdix spadiceus, Hume $ Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 247 (1879) ;
Gates ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 423 (1890) ; Grant,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 261 (1893) j Gates, Game Birds Ind. i.
p. 215 (1898).
Galliperdix spadicea, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 32 (1899).
The eggs of the Red Spur-Fowl measure from 1'55 to 1*85 in
length, and from 1*15 to 1/3 in breadth.
2. Mount Abu, 15th April (G. King}. Hume Coll.
1. Kotagherry, Nilghiris, 10th Feb. Hume Coll.
(Miss Cockburn}.
1. Kotagherry, 3rd March (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburn}.
VOL. I. E
50
2. Kotagherry, 22nd March (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburn).
2. Kotagherry, 7th April (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburn).
2. Kullar, Nilghiris, 5th Feb. Hume Coll.
2. Coonoor, Nilghiris, 15th May. Hume Coll.
2. Nilghiris, May. Hume Coll.
2. Tripatore, Feb. Hume Coll.
1. S. India. Hume Coll.
Galliperdix lunulata ( Valenc.}.
(Plate IV. fig. 9.)
Galloperdix lunulatus, Hume 8f Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i.p. 255 (1879) ;
Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 425 (1890) ; Grant,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 2(33 (1893) ; Oates, Game Birds Ind. i.
p. 220 (1898).
Galliperdix lunulata, Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 32 (1899).
The eggs of the Painted Spur-Fowl do not differ from those of
G. spadicea except in being smaller. The four examples in the
Collection measure respectively : 1-67 by 1-12 ; T62 by 1-1 ; 1-6 by
1-1 ; 1-55 by 1-15.
1. Raipur, C. Provs. ( F. R. Bleivitt). Hume Coll.
3. Chanda,9th April (R. Thompson). Hume Coll.
Genus ITHAGENES, Wagl.
Ithagenes geoffroyi, Verr.
(Plate IY. fig. 7.)
Ithagenes geoffroyi, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 269 (1893) ; Sharpe.
Hand-l. i. p. 33 (1899).
The eggs of Geoffrey's Blood-Pheasant are of a narrow and
elongated oval form, smooth, glossy and of remarkable beauty.
The ground-colour is of a pale reddish buff and the whole shell is
blotched with very deep reddish brown. They measure from 1-85
to 2-05 in length, and from 1'25 to 1-3 in breadth.
6. Ta-tsien-lu, West China (A. E. Seebohm Coll.
Pratt}.
Genus TRAGOPAN, Cuvier.
Tragopan satyra (Linn.).
Satyra (Tragopan) sahprus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vdg. p. 52, tab. xii.
fig. 4 (1845-54).
Ceriorais satyra, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 137 (1879) ;
Sclater, P. Z. 8. 1879, p. 117, pi. viii. fig. 4 ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests
$ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 409 (1890).
Tragopan satyra, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 271 (1893) ; Oates,
Game Birds Ind. i. p. 241 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 33 (1899).
The sole egg of the Crimson Horned Pheasant in the Collection is
of a regular oval shape, without gloss and of a dull white, closely
freckled all over with pale lilac. It measures 2'4 by 1*8. Several
TRAGOPAN. 51
examples measured by Mr. Hume, which are no longer in his
Collection, varied from 2*54 to 2'62 in length, and from 1-8 to 1'84
in breadth.
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Zool. Society,
dens, London).
Tragopan melanocephalus (J. E. Gray).
Ceriornis melanocephalus, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. iii., App.
pi. iii. (1880) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 410
(1890).
Tragopan melanocephalus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 273 (1893) ;
Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 245 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 33
(1899).
The eggs of the Western Horned Pheasant are elongated ovals,
without gloss and of a dull yellowish buff, minutely spotted all over
with yellowish brown. They measure from 2-4 to 2*55 in length,
and from 1-68 to 1*72 in breadth.
4. Hazara, N.W. India, 25th May Hume Coll.
(Captain Lautour).
Tragopan temmincki (J. E. Gray).
Ceriornis temmincki, Sdater, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 117, pi. viii. tig. 3.
Tragopan temmincki, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p, 275 (1890) ; Oates,
Game Birds Ind. i. p. 251 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i, p. 33 (1899).
The eggs of Temminck's Horned Pheasant vary from a narrow to
a broad oval shape and have very little gloss. Those of the clutch
recorded below from China, six in number, are of a pinkish cream-
colour, very closely speckled all over with dark reddish brown ;
those laid in the Zoological Gardens are of a rufous-buff colour,
thickly speckled with dull rufous-brown. They measure from 2 to
2-25 in length, and from 1'45 to 1*65 in breadth.
4. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Zool. Society.
dens, London).
G. Ta-tsien-lu, W. China (A. E. Pratt}. Seebohm Coll.
Tragopan blythi (Jerd.).
(Plate Y. fig. 5.)
Ceriornis blythi, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 151 (1879) :
Sdater, P. Z. S. 1884, p. 477.
Tragopan blythi, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 276 (1893) ; Oates,
Game Birds Ind. i. p. 254 (1898); Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 33 (1899).
The sole egg of the Grey-bellied, or Blyth's, Horned Pheasant
in the Collection closely resembles those eggs of T. temmincki which
were laid in the Gardens of the Zoological Society and are described
above, but is rather paler. It was laid in confinement, and measures
2-4 by 1-75.
1. Sadiya, Assam, July (Major W. P. L. Sclatei, Esq. [P.].
Brydon),
E2
52
Genus LOPHOPHORUS, Temm.
Lophophorus impeyanus (Lath.},
Satyra impayana, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 52, tab. xii. fig. 3
(1845-54).
Lopjiophorus impeyanus, Mitchell, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 544, Aves, pi. cxlix.
fig. 5 ; Hrnne $ Marsh. Game Birds 2nd. i. p. 125 (1879) ; Oates ed.
Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 407 (1890) ; Oates, Game Birds
Ind. i. p. 262 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 33 (1899).
Lophophorus refulgens, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 278 (1893).
The eggs of the Monal Pheasant are of a regular oval shape and
they possess a fair amount of gloss. They are of a cream-colour or
buffy white, thickly freckled and marked all over with very dark
reddish brown. On many specimens the markings are larger and
more frequent on the central portion of the shell than elsewhere.
They measure from 2*4 to 2*7 in length, and from 1*7 to 1*9 in
breadth.
The eggs of this species cannot be separated with any certainty
from those of Meleagris gallopavo (p. 64).
2. Himalayas. Gould Coll.
6. Himalayas. Hume Coll.
2. N.W. Himalayas, 19th June. Hume Coll.
3. Hazara, May. Hume Coll.
2. Sookee, 9500 feet, 1st June. Hume Coll.
] . Jallah, 8500 feet, 23rd May. Hume Coll.
1. Mussoorie. Hume Coll.
4. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Salvin-Godinan Coll.
dens, London).
Genus LOPHURA, Fleming.
Lophura rufa (Eaffl.}.
(Plate Y. fig. 3.)
Euplocamus vieilloti, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 213 (1879).
Lophura rufa, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 286 (1893) ; Oates, Game
Birds Ind. i. p. 379 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 34 (1899).
The egg of the Malayan Crested, or Vieillot's, Fire-back Pheasant
in the Collection is of a regular oval form, fairly glossy and of a
pale creamy-buff colour. It measures 2-2 by 1*6.
1. Laid in confinement at Singapore, Hume Coll.
July.
Lophura nobilis (Sclater).
(Plate V. fig. 1.)
Euplocamus ignitus, Skarpe, Ibis, 1879, p. 270.
Lophura ignita, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 288 (1893).
Lophura nobilis, Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 34 (1899).
The eggs of the Bo mean Crested Fire-back Pheasant are of a very
rounded oval form. They are of a pale cream-colour and measure
from 1-95 to 2-15 in length, and from 1-5 to 1*65 in breadth.
LOBIOPHASIS. — CROSSOPTILUM.
'2. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar-
dens, London, 6th July).
'2. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar-
dens, London, 6th Aug.).
•2. Mengalong River, N.W. Borneo.
1. Of uncertain origin.
1 . Of uncertain origin.
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Goduian Coll.
Sir Hugh Low [C.].
Gould Coll.
H. F. Walter, Esq. [P.].
Genus LOBIOPHASIS, Sharpe.
Lobiophasis bulweri, Sharpe.
(Plate V. fig. 2.)
Lobiophasis bulweri, Everett, List Birds Born. p. 198'(1889) ; Grant, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxii. p. 292 (1893) ; SJiarpe, Hand-l. i. p. 35 (1899).
The egg of Bulwer's Wattled Pheasant in the Collection is a regular
broad oval and of a pale pinkish cream-colour. It measures 2 inches
by 1-55.
1. Baram, Sarawak, Borneo, Sept. A. H. Everett, Esq. [P.],
Genus CROSSOPTILUM, Hodgson.
Crossoptiluin tibetanum (Hodgs.).
(Plate Y. fig. 4.)
Crossoptiluin tibetanum, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 115
(1879) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 35 (1899).
Crossoptilon tibetanum, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 293 (1893).
The eggs of Hodgson's Eared Pheasant are regular broad ovals,
very glossy and smooth. They are of a pale stone, pale buff
or reddish-buff colour. Some are plain, others are sprinkled,
chiefly at the larger end, with specks of reddish brown. They
measure from 2-3 to 2-45 in length, and from 1-7 to 1-75 in
breadth.
4. Ta-tsien-lu, W. China (A. E. Pratt). Seebohm Coll.
3. Ta-tsien-lu (A. E. P.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Ta-tsien-lu (A.E. P.). Seebohm Coll.
Crossoptiluin mancliuricum, Swinh.
Crossoptilon mantchuricum, Sclater, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 118, pi. viii. fig. 5 ;
Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 294 (1893).
Crossoptilum manchuricum, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 35 (1899).
The eggs of the Manchurian Eared Pheasant in the Collection are
of a regular oval form, with little gloss, and of a pale stone-colour.
They measure respectively: 2-1 by 1-52; 2-18 by 1-53; 2-02
by 1-51.
3. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Zool. Society,
dens, London).
54 PHASIANID2E.
Genus GENNJEUS, Wagler.
The eggs of the Kalij and Silver Pheasants are regular ovals,
smooth, rather glossy and perfectly unmarked.
Gennaeus albicristatus
Gallophasis albocristatus, Mitchell, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 544, Aves, pi. cxlix.
fig. 3.
Euplocamus albicristatus, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 177
(1879) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests # Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 413 (1890).
Gennaeus albocristatus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 298 (1893).
Gennaeus albicristatus, Oates, Game Birds Ind. \. p. 324 (1898) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 35 (1899).
The eggs of the White-crested Kalij Pheasant vary from cream-
colour to reddish buff, and measure from 1'85 to 2'05 in length,
and from 1'25 to 1-55 in breadth.
4. [N.W. Himalayas.] Gould Coll.
3. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Salvin-Godman Coll.
dens, London).
2. Dhurumsala, N.W. Himalayas, Hume Coll.
llth May.
1. Dhurumsala, 26th May. Hume Coll.
2. Kulu, 1st May. Hume Coll.
10. Kotegurh, 24th April. Hume Coll.
2. Kotegurh, 26th April. Hume Coll.
2. Kotegurh, May. Hume Coll.
7. Kotegurh, 22nd May. Hume Coll.
10. Kotegurh, 22nd May. Hume Coll.
5. Kotegurh, 15th June. Hume Coll.
4. Kotegurh, 18th June. Hume Coll.
1. Gurhwal, 20th May (F. Wilson}. Hume Coll.
8. Gurhwal, June (F. W.}. Hume Coll.
1. Kumaon (Co/. Ramsay). Hume Coll.
Gennaeus melanonotus (Blytli).
Gallophasis melanotus, Mitchell, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 544, Aves, pi. cxlix. fig. 2.
Euplocamus melanonotus, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 191
(1879) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 415 (1890).
Gennaeus muthura, Grant, Cat. Birds B. 'M. xxii. p. 301 (1893j.
Gennseus melanonotus, Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 331 (1898) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 35 (1899).
The eggs of the Black-backed Kalij Pheasant cannot be dis-
tinguished by any character from those of G. albicristatus.
3. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Salvin-Godman Coll.
dens, London).
3. [E. Himalayas.] Gould Coll.
2. Darjiling, 2000 feet, 23rd March. Hume Coll.
1. Darjiling, 30th March. Hume Coll.
1. Darjiling, 9th May. Hume Coll.
1. Darjiling, July. Hume Coll.
3. Sikl'iim, 4th April. Hume Coll.
GENNAEUS. OO
Gennaeus horsfieldi (Gray}.
Gallophasis horsfieldi, Mitchell, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 544, Aves, pi. cxlix.
tig. 1.
Euplocamus horsfieldi, Hume 8f Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 197 (1879) ;
Oates cd. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 416 (1890).
Gennaeus horsfieldi, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 302 (1893) ; Gates,
Game Birds Lid. i. p. 334 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 35 (1899).
The eggs of the Black-breasted Kalij Pheasant vary from
pinkish buff to reddish cream-colour. Many specimens are thickly
speckled with white calcareous matter. They measure from 1/8 to
2'05 in length, and from 1/4 to 1*5 in breadth.
3. [Assam.] Gould Coll.
2. Khowang, Dibrughur, 22nd March Hume Coll.
(J. R. Cripps).
3. Sylhet, 10th March. Hume Coll.
1. Machi, Manipur, 3rd May (A. 0. Hume Coll.
Hume).
Gennaeus lineatus ( Vig.).
(Plate VI. fig. 5.)
Euplocamus lineatus, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 205 (1897) ;
Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 416 (1890).
Gennaaus lineatus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 304 (1893) ; Oates,
Game Birds Ind. i. p. 351 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 36 (1899).
The eggs of the Lineated Silver Pheasant are of a pale reddish-buff
colour, and the pores are rather conspicuous, owing to their being
somewhat paler than the other parts of the shell. They measure
from 1-75 to 1-95 in length, and from 1-4 to 1/5 in breadth.
1. Pegu Hills, 17th April (E. W. Oates). Hume Coll.
4. Yonzalin River, Tenasserim, Hume Coll.
16th March (C. T. Bingham).
Gennaeus nycthemems (Linn.).
Phasianus nycthemerus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 19, tab. vii. fig. 4
(1845-54).
Gennasus nycthemerus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 65. fig. 5 (1855-63) ;
Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 307 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i.
p. 36 (1899).
The eggs of the Chinese Silver Pheasant vary in colour from pale
buff to reddish buff. They measure from 1*9 to 2-15 in length, and
from 1*5 to 1'6 in breadth.
6. [China.]
3. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar-
dens, London).
3. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar-
dens, London).
Gould Coll.
Zool. Society.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
56 PHASIANID-E.
Gennaeus swinhoei (Gould).
Euplocamus swinhoii, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1866, p. 405.
Gennseus swinhoei, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 309 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 36 (1899).
The eggs of Swinhoe's Silver Pheasant vary from pale reddish
buff to cream-colour. They measure from 1-9 to 2- 15 in length,
and from 1'45 to 1*53 in breadth *.
'2. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Zool. Society.
dens, London).
4. Amoy, China (-R. Swinhoe). Seebohm Coll.
Genus PUCRASIA, Gray.
Pucrasia macrolopha (Less.}.
Satyra macrolopha. Thien. Fortpfianz. ges. Vog. p. 53, tab. xii. tig. 5
(1845-54).
Pucrasia macrolopha, Hume Sf Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 159 (1879) ;
Gates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 411 (1890) ; Grant, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxii. p. 311 (1893) : Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 313
(1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 36 (1899).
The eggs of the Common Koklass Pheasant are of a regular oval
shape and fairly glossy. The ground-colour is creamy buff. The
markings are of a very deep reddish and chocolate-brown, almost
black in their intensity. Some specimens are merely speckled,
others are spotted and blotched, and the markings in both cases are
very regularly distributed over the shell. The eggs measure from
1-85 to 2-3 in length, and from 1-4 to 1'55 in breadth.
11. Himalayas. Hume Coll.
2. Dhurumsala, N.W. Himalayas, Hume Coll.
April.
6. Kotegurh, 10th April. Hume Coll.
4. Kotegurh, 27th April. Hume Coll.
6. Kotegurh, 28th May. Hume Coll.
1. Mussoorie. Hume Coll.
3. Valley of the Bhagarutti, Hume Coll.
13,000 feet ( W. E. Brooks).
2. Valley of the Bhagarutti, 7500 feet, Hume Coll.
18th May (W. E. B.).
1 . Kumaon ( Col. Ramsay). Hume Coll.
Genus CATREUS, Cabanis.
Catreus wallichi (ffardiv.').
Catreus wallichi, Mitchell, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 544, Aves, pi. cxlix. fi>. 4 ;
Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 317 (1893) ; Oates, Game Birds
Ind. i. p. 293 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 37 (1899).
Phasianus wallichi, Hume Sf Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 169 (1879)
Oates ed. Hume, Nests # Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 412 (1890).
The eggs of the Cheer Pheasant are of a broad oval shape and
* The dimensions of an egg of this species recorded by Swinhoe are 2'4 by 1*7.
PHASIANUS.
57
slightly glossy. They vary from cream-colour to pale stone-colour.
Many are quite plain ; a few exhibit some reddish-brown dots at
the larger end. They measure from 2-05 to 2'25 in length, and
from 1-5 to 1-55 in breadth.
4. Himalayas.
'2. Himalayas.
3. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar-
dens, London).
Hume Coll.
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Genus PHASIANUS, Linn.
The eggs of the True Pheasants vary from a short broad oval
form to pyriform, and they are smooth and glossy. They appear
to be always unmarked.
Phasianus colchicus, Linn.
Phasianus colchicus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 20, tab. vii. fig. 3
(1845-54); Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 65. fig. 1 (1855-63);
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 276, pi. Ixviii. (1856) ; Dresser,
Birds Eur. vii. p. 85 (1879) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 445, pi. 21
(1884) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 320 (1893) ; Seebohm,
Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 275, pi. 59. fig. 9 (1896); Sharpe, Hand-l
i. p. 37 (189Q).
The majority of the eggs of the Common Pheasant are of an
olive-brown colour, but eggs are frequently met with which are of a
greenish blue, greenish white, pale stone-colour, clear brown or
brownish cream-colour. They measure from 1*7 to 1*9 in length,
and from 1-35 to 1-45 in breadth.
1. Scotland (Hargitt Coll.}.
4. Dnunnadrochit, Inverness (A.
Lawler: Hargitt Coll.}.
4. North Berwick (Hargitt Coll.}.
8. Chalhill, Northumberland (E. V.
Seebohm}.
6. Haddon Hall, Derbyshire.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Phasianus torquatus, Gm.
Phasianus torquatus, Thien. Fortpflanz. qes. Vbg. p. 21, tab. vii. fig. 2
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 65. fig. 3 (1855-63) ; Grant,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 331 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 37 (1899).
The eggs of the Chinese Ring-necked Pheasant are subject to
much variation, the prevailing colour being, however, olive of various
shades. Other tints met with are pale stone-colour, greenish white
and buff. They measure from T6 to T8 in length, and from
1-3 to 1-4 in breadth.
2. Laid in confinement. Gould Coll.
Shanghai, China (II. Swinhoe). Seebohm Coll.
Tsusima, Japan, 24th May (P. A. Seebohm Coll.
Hoist).
Tsusima, 31st May (P. A. H.). Seebohm Coll.
12.
58 PHASIANID.E.
Phasianus versicolor, F.
(Plate VI. fig. 1.)
Pliasianus versicolor, Seebohm, Birds Japan. jEmp.p.37Q (1890); Grant,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 334 (1893) ; Sharps, Hand-l. i. p. 38 (1899).
The eggs of the Japanese Pheasant are very variable in colour,
ranging from stone-colour to dark brown. They measure from 1'5
to 1'7 in length, and from 1-2 to 1*4 in breadth.
8. Laid in confinement. Gould Coll.
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Gould Coll.
dens, London).
3. Japan (H. Pryer). Seebohm Coll.
Phasianus scintillans, Gould.
(Plate VI. fig. 3.)
Phasianus (Graphophasianus) scintillans, Gould, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. (3)
xvii. p. 150 (1866).
Phasianus scintillans, Seebohm, Birds Japan. Emp. p. 371 (1890) ; Grant,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 337 (1893) ; Skarpe, Hand-l. i. p. 38 (1899).
The eggs of the Hondo Copper Pheasant are cream-coloured. A
few eggs in the Collection which appear to have been addled or
imperfectly cleaned have a distinct purple tinge. They measure
from 1-8 to 1-9 in length, and from T25 to 1-35 in breadth.
7. Japan (H. Fryer). Seebohm Coll.
Genus CALOPHASIS, Elliot.
Calophasis ellioti (Swinh.).
(Plate VI. fig. 2.)
Phasianus ellioti, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 335 (1893).
Calophasis ellioti, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 38 (1899).
The eggs of Elliot's Pheasant are of a broad oval form and have
a considerable amount of gloss. Of the four specimens in the
Collection, three are cream-coloured : the fourth is rather paler
than the others and has a greenish tinge. They measure from 1*65
to 1'72 in length, and from 1'25 to 1'35 in breadth.
4. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Zool. Society.
dens, London).
Genus CHRYSOLOPHUS, J. E. Gray.
The eggs of the Golden Pheasants are smooth, glossy and generally
of a broad oval form. A few are slightly pyriform.
Chrysolophus pictus (Linn.).
Phasianus pictus, Thien. Furtpflanz. gets. Vb'g. p. 20, tab. vii. fig. 1
(1845-54).
Thaumalea picta, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 65. tig. 4 (1855-63).
CTIRYSOLOPHT7S. GALLT7S.
Chrysoloplms pictus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 339 (1893) ; Sharps,
" Hand-l. i. p. 38 (1899).
The eggs of the Golden Pheasant vary from a pale buff colour to
cream-colour. They measure from 1/7 to 1-8 in length, and from
1-27 to 1/4 in breadth.
2. Laid in confinement.
3. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar-
dens, London).
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Chrysolophus amherstiae (Leadb.).
(Plate VI. fig. 6.)
Chrysolophus amherstiae, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 342 (1893) ;
" Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 38 (1899) ; Oates, Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 497
(1899).
The eggs of Lady Amherst's Pheasant are of a rich cream-colour,
and measure from 1*7 to 1*9 in length, and from 1'36 to 1*5 in
breadth.
2. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar-
dens, London).
8. Laid in confinement.
Zool. Society.
Col. E. A. Butler [P.].
Genus GALLTJS, Briss.
Gallus gallus (Linn.).
Phasianus bankiva, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 17, tab. vi. fig. 5
(1845-54).
Gallus bankiva, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 65. fig. 6 (1855-63) ; Steere,
List Birds fy Mamm. Philip, p. 25 (1890).
Gallus ferruginous, Hume $ Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 217 (1879) ;
Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 417 (1890).
Gallus gallus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 344 (1893) ; Oates, Game
Birds Ind. i. p. 366 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 39 (1899).
The eggs of the Red Jungle-Fowl are of a regular oval form, smooth
and with a considerable amount of gloss. They vary from cream-
colour to pinkish buff. There is a great variation in the size of the
eggs, which measure from 1/6 to 2-1 in length, and from 1*27 to 1*55
in breadth.
2. Nahun, India, 10th May. Hume Coll.
1. Ramnugger (Col. Ramsay}. Hume Coll.
4. Kumaon Bhabur. Hume Coll.
1. Sikhim, 3000 feet, 30th March. Hume Coll.
3. Sikhim Tcrai, 10th June. Hume Coll.
3. Sikhim Terai, 26th June. Hume Coll.
6. Sadiya, Assam, 1st May. Hume Coll.
3. Thayetmyo, Burma, 24th May. Hume Coll.
1. Pegu, Aug. (E. W. Oates). ' Oates Coll.
4. Sinzaway, Tenasserim, 13th April Hume Coll.
(C. T. Bingham}.
1. Tenasserim, 12th March (C. T. B.}. Hume Coll.
1. Philippine Islands. Steere Exped.
60 PHASIANIDJE.
Gallus lafayettei, Less.
(Plate VII. fig. 8.)
Gallus Stanley! (nee J. E. Gray), Layard, Ann. 8f Mac/. N. H. (2) xiv
p. 62 (1854).
Gallus lafayettii, Hume $ Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 241 (1879) ;
Leage, Birds Ceyl. p. 736, pi. — . fig. 10 (1880) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests
8f Ecjgs Ind. B. iii. p. 422 (1890).
Gallus lafayetti, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 348 (1893) ; Oates,
Game Birds Ind. i. p. 375 (1898).
Gallus lafayettei, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 39 (1899).
The eggs of the Ceylon Jungle-Fowl are regular ovals, smooth
and glossy. They vary from pale reddish bun0 to cream-colour, and
they are minutely and closely speckled with reddish brown. Three
specimens measure respectively : 1-7 by 1-3 ; 1-7 by 1-3 ; 1-85 by 1'4.
1. Ceylon (E. L. Layard). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Ceylon. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
1. Ceylon, 3rd June. Hume Coll.
The Collection contains two eggs of the hybrid G. temmincki,
received from Gould. They are of a reddish-buff colour and
measure 1'8 by 1-45. They are said to have been received from
India.
Gallus sonnerati, Temm.
Gallus sonnerati, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 231 (1879) ;
Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eyys Ind. B. iii. p. 420 (1890) ; Grant, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxii. p. 350 (1893) ; Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 371
(1898); Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 39 (1899).
The eggs of the Grey Jungle-Fowl are of a regular oval form,
glossy and smooth. They vary from cream-colour to a rather rich
reddish buff. The majority are plain ; a few are thickly speckled
with brownish red. In the eggs of this species the pores are very
conspicuous. The dimensions vary from 1-7 to 2'05 in length, and
from 1'2 to 1*5 in breadth.
1. Aboo, N.W. India, 14th April Hume Coll.
(G. King).
1. Aboo, 25th April (G. K.). Hume Coll.
1. Aboo, 24th May (G. K.). Hume Coll.
2. Nilghiris, 20th May (Miss Cock- Hume Coll.
burn).
3. Kotagherry, Nilghiris, 14th April Hume Coll.
(Miss Cockburn).
1. Kotagherry, 22nd April (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburn).
2. Kotagherry, 5th May (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburn).
1. Kotagherry, 3rd Oct. (Miss Cock- Hume Coll.
burn).
5. Travancore, 2nd March. Hume Coll.
3. Travancore, 16th March. Hume Coll.
ARGDSIANUS. — PAVO.
61
Genus ARGUSIANUS, Eafin.
Argusianus argus (Linn.}.
Gallus gigauteus, Baedeker, Eier Etir. Vog. tab. 65. fig. 7 (1855-63).
Argus giganteus, Sclater, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 115, pi. viii. fig. 1 ; Hume #
Marsh. Game Birds Lid. i. p. 99 (1879).
Argusianus argus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 363 (1893) ; Oates,
Game Birds Ind. i. p. 286 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 40 (1899).
The two eggs of the Argus Pheasant are blunt ovals, smooth and
fairlv glossy. They are pale reddish buff, freckled with pale reddish
brown. In one specimen the freckles are coarse and distributed all
over the shell ; in the other they are minute and clustered round the
two ends.
The dimensions of two examples are respectively : 2'55 by 1'85 ;
2-6 by 1-9 *.
2. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Zool. Society,
dens, London, June).
Argusianus grayi (Elliot).
(Plate VI. fig. 4.)
Argusianus grayi, Sharps, Ibis, 1879, p. 267 ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxii. p. 365 (1893); Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 40 (1899).
The eggs of Gray's
regular oval form.
minutely stippled all
a considerable amoun
with numerous small
caused by incubation.
by 1-82; 2-6 by 1-8
Argus Pheasant in the Collection are of a very
Two are glossless and cream-coloured, very
over with pale rufous. A third specimen has
t of gloss and is of a pale creamy-yellow colour,
yellow smears on the shell, which are probably
Three examples measure respectively : 2'65
2-43 by 1-68.
2. Mengalong River, Borneo.
1. Baram, Sarawak, 12th Aug.
Sir Hugh Low [C.].
Charles Hose, Esq. [P.].
Genus PAVO, Linn.
Pavo cristatus, Linn.
Pavo cristatus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 13, tab. vi. fig. 1
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 77. fig. 3 (1855-63) ;
Hume Sf Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 81 (1879) ; Legge, Birds Ceifl.
p. 731 (1880) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 405
(1890) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 368 (1893) ; Oates, Game
Birds Ind. i. p. 274 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 40 (1899).
The eggs of the Common Pea-Fowl are regular ovals, with a
* It is doubtful whether the Phasianus giganteus of Thienemann (Fortpflanz.
p. 18, tab. vi. fig. 6) is referable to this species. The egg figured measures only
2-05 by 1-65.
62
PHASIANID^. NUMIDID2E.
strong glossy shell. In colour they vary from dull white or cream-
colour to reddish buff. A few specimens are thickly freckled with
reddish brown ; the majority are quite plain. They measure from
2-55 to 3-1 in length, and from 1-92 to 2-2 in breadth.
Laid in confinement.
Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar-
dens, London).
Laid in confinement (Zrol. Gar-
dens, London, 17th July).
Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar-
dens, London).
Yorkshire (A. Darley).
Punjab.
Allygurh. Aug.
Muttra, 16th Oct.
Etawah.
Etawah, 14th July (A. O. Hume).
Etawah, 15th July.
Etawah, Aug.
Etawah, 10th Aug.
Etawah, 25th Aug. (A. O. Hume).
Jhansi, 18th July (F. R. Bkwitt).
Jhansi, 5th Aug. (F. R. B.).
Jhansi, 15th Aug. (F. R. B.).
Allahabad, 19th July.
Raipur, 13th July.
Gould Coll.
Zool. Society.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Prof. Oldham [P.].
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Pavo muticus, Linn.
Pavo muticus, Hume 8f Marsh. Game Birds 2nd. i. p. 93 (1879) ; Grant,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 371 (1893) ; Oates, Game Birds Ind. i.
p. 280 (1898) j Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 40 (18b>9).
The few eggs of the Burmese Pea-Powl in the Collection resemble
those of P. cristatus and are unmarked. They measure from 2'75
to 3-4 in length, and from 2-05 to 2-15 in breadth.
2. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar-
dens, London).
2. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar-
dens, London, May).
Zool. Society.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Family NUMIDID^E.
Genus NUMIDA, Linn.
The eggs of the Guinea-Fowls have a very coarse shell, pitted
with numerous deep pores. They have little gloss. They are very
broad in relation to their length, some being pyriform and others
nearly spherical.
NUMIDA. ACRYLLIFM.
63
Numida meleagris, Linn.
Xumida meleagris, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Voq. p. 15, tab. vi. fig. 3
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 77. fig. 1 (1855-63) ; Grant,
Cat. Birch B. M. xxii. p. 375 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 41
(1899).
The eggs of the Common Helmeted Guinea-Fowl are of a pale
brown colour, with the pores much darker. They measure from
1-85 to 2*1 in length, and from 1'5 to 1*6 in breadth.
3. Cumberland (Hey sham).
3. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar-
dens, London).
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Numida coronata, Gray.
(Plate VII. fig. 2.)
Xunrida coronata, Sharpens ed. Layard. Birds S. Africa, p. 581, part
(1875-84) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 376 (1893) : Sharpe,
Hand-L i. p. 41 (1899).
The eggs of the Large-helmeted Guinea-Fowl are pale brown,
with the pores much darker. Two examples measure respectively :
1-7 by 1-42 ; 1-6 by 1-4.
2. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Zool. Society,
dens, London).
Numida mitrata, Pall.
Xumida mitrata, Cowan, Proc. R. Phys. Soc. Edin. vii. p. 149 (1882) ;
Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 378 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l i
p. 42 (1899).
Xumida mitrata, var. tiarata, Milne-Edwards fy Grandidier, Hist Nat
Madag., Ois. ii. p. 500, pi. 305. fig. 4 (1885).
The eggs of Pallas's Helmeted Guinea-Fowl are of a pale brownish
cream-colour, with the pores much darker, the shell thus presenting
a spotted appearance. They measure from 1'85 to 2'05 in length,
and from 1-6 to 1*7 in breadth.
6. Betsileo, Madagascar.
Rev. W. Deans Cowan [C.].
Genus ACRYLLIUM, Gray.
Acryllium vulturinum (Hardw.}.
(Plate VII. fig. 1.)
Acryllium vulturinum, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 385 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 42 (1899).
The single egg of the Vulturine Guinea-Fowl in the Collection is
a regular broad oval, not much compressed at the small end, and
thus differs markedly from those of the Numida group. The pores
64 MELEAGR1DJ2.
are not so deep and distinct, and the shell possesses a considerable
amount of gloss.
It is of a pale cream- colour, the pores being very slightly darker,
and measures 1-95 by 1-55.
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, Zool. Society.
London).
Family MELEAGRII)^.
Genus MELEAGEIS, Linn.
Meleagris gallopavo, Linn.
Meleagris gallopavo, Thien. Fortpflanz. qes. Vo<j. p. 14, tab. vi. n>. 2
(1845-54); Baedeker, Eier Eur. Tog. tab. 77. fig. 2 (1855-63);
Dresser, Ibis, 1866, p. 25 ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 387
(1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 43 (1899).
Meleagris gallopavo, var. mexicana, Baird, Brewer fy Ridyw. N. Amer.
Birds, iii. p. 410 (1874).
Meleagris gallopavo mexicana, Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 116,
pi. iii. fig. 15 (1892).
The eggs of this Turkey are hardly separable from those of Lopho-
phorus impeyanus (p. 52). They are of a regular oval shape, occa-
sionally somewhat elongated, and they are glossy and smooth. The
ground-colour varies from creamy white to creamy buff. They are
rather thickly freckled and spotted all over with chocolate, rufous
brown and yellowish brown. The markings are generally small,
but occasionally a few blotches of considerable size occur. Speci-
mens measure from 2*3 to 2-65 in length, and from 1'75 to 1'85 in
breadth.
13. N.America. Gould Coll.
2. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, Salvin-Godmau Coll.
London).
2. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, Zool. Society.
London).
Meleagris fera, Vidll.
Meleagris gallopavo, var. gallopavo, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer.
Birds, iii. p. 404 (1874).
Meleagris gallopavo, Bendire^ Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 112, pi. iii.
fig. 14 (1892).
Meleagris americana, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 389 (1893).
Meleagris fera, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 43 (1899).
The eggs of this species contained in the Collection differ from
those of M. gallopavo in being smaller and of a much paler colour.
They are of a very broad oval form, and have but little gloss.
The ground-colour is of a pale creamy white, and the whole
ODONTOPHORID.E.
shell is speckled with very pale yellowish brown. The markings
are very small, being in no case larger than the head of an ordinary
pin. The two eggs measure respectively : 2-25 by 1*72 ; 2-26 by
1-7.
2. Fort Cobb, Texas (E. Palm*r\
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Genus AG-EIOCHARIS, Chapman.
Agriocharis ocellata (Cuv.\
(Plate VII. fig. 6.)
Meleagris ocellata, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 391 (1893).
Agriocharis ocellata, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 43 (189.9).
The eggs of the Honduras Turkey do not differ in any particular
from those of M. gallopavo. Three specimens measure respectively :
2-4 by 1-75; 2-4 by 1-8 ; 2-15 by 1-75.
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, Zool. Society.
London).
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, Salvin-Godman Coll.
London).
1. Laid in confinement (Knowsley Salvin-Godman Coll.
Menagerie).
Family ODONTOPHORID.E.
'The eggs of the birds of this family differ to a remarkable extent
both in colour and shape. Many are plain white, and others recall
those of the Quails of the Old World.
Genus DENDRORTYX, Gould.
Dendrortyx leucophrys (Gould).
(Plate VII. fig. 7.)
Dendrortyx leucophrys, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 394 (1893)
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 44 (1899).
An egg of the White- eyebrowed Long-tailed Partridge in the
Collection is a regular oval, smooth and with little gloss, and is of
a reddish-buff colour, spotted and blotched with reddish brown.
It measures 1*75 by 1*22.
1. Coban, Guatemala (Sary).
VOL. i.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
66 ODONTOPHORIDJE.
Genus OREORTYX, Baird.
Oreortyx pictus (Dougl.).
(Plate VII. fig. 3.)
Oreortyx pictus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, iii. p. 475
(1874) ; Bendire, L;fe Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 13 (1892) ; Grant,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 397 (1893) j Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 44
(1899).
The single egg of the Plumed Partridge, or Mountain Quail, in the
Collection is of a regular oval shape, smooth, with little gloss and of
a pale creamy-buff colour. It measures 1-31 hy 1.
1. Monterey, California (Dr. Canfield). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Genus LOPHORTYX, Bp.
Lophortyx californicus (Shaw $ Nodd.).
Lophortyx californicus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vb'g. tab. 67. fig-. 3 (1855-63) ;
Baird, Brewer $ Ridgiv. N. Amer. Birds, iii. p. 479 (1874) ; Grant,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 400 (1893) : Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 44
(1899).
Callipepla californica, Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 23, pi. i. figs.
8-10 (1892).
The eggs of the Californian Quail are pyriform, slightly rough,
with little gloss, and of a dull white or pale cream-colour, spotted
and blotched with dark brown, pale rufous or yellowish brown.
The blotches are frequently large and confluent. Specimens measure
from 1'07 to 1'33 in length, and from '9 to 1 in breadth.
6. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, Salvin-Godman Coll.
London).
4. N. America. Old Collection.
9. San Louis Obispo, California ( W. Salvin-Godman Coll.
F. Schwarz: Henshaw Coll.).
Genus EUPSYCHORTYX, Gould.
The eggs of the Quails of this genus are pyriform, rarely of an
oval shape.
Eupsychortyx leucopogon (Less.).
(Plate VII. figs. 4 & 5.)
Eupsychortyx leucotis, Scl $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. .544.
Eupsychortyx leucopogon, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 408 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 45 (1899).
The eggs of the White-faced Crested Quail are of a creamy-buff
ETTPSYCHORTYX. — COLINUS. 67
colour, marked with pale rufous. In one of the four specimens in
the Collection the markings consist of small dots and large continent
freckles. In the others the markings consist of large blotches,
frequently confluent and mingled with some specks and spots.
They have no gloss, and measure respectively : 1*35 by 1 ; 1*25
by -95; 1-35 by 1; 1-3 by 1-02.
4. Medellin, Antioquia, U.S. Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll.
( T. K. Salmon}.
Eupsychortyx nigrigularis (Gould}.
Eupsychortyx uigrogularis, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 412 (1893).
Eupsychortyx nigrigularis, Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 45 (1899).
The eggs of the Black-throated Crested Quail are plain white
and fairly glossy. The two specimens in the Collection measure
respectively: 1*15 by *9 ; 1*27 by '87.
1. Honduras (Dyson). Old Collection.
1. Valladolid, Yucatan (Gaumer). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Eupsychortyx hypoleucus, Gould.
Eupsychortyx hypoleucus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 413 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 45 (1899).
The eggs of the White-breasted Crested Quail are plain white
and very glossy. They measure from 1*15 to 1*3 in length, and
from -95 to 1-02 in breadth.
8. San Geronimo, Guatemala. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Genus COLINUS, Less.
The eggs of the Colins or ' Bob-Whites ' are pyriform, plain white,
and slightly glossy.
Colinus virginianus (Linn.).
Perdix virginiana, Thien. Fortpjlanz. yes. Vb'a. p. 33; tab. vii. fig. 13
(1845-54).
Ortyx virginianus, Gosse, Birds Jamaica, p. 328 (1847) ; A. # E. Newton,
Ibis, 1859, p. 254 ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 415 (1893).
Ortvx virginianus, var. virginianus, Baird, Brewer Sc Ridyw. N. Amer.
Birds, iii. p. 468 (1874).
Colinus virginianus, Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 1, pi. i. fig. 1
(1892) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 45 (1899).
The eggs of the Virginian Colin or Bob-White measure from 1-15
to 1-3 in length, and from -9 to 1 in breadth.
3. Montreal (WJiiteaves: Haryitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.
(>. N. America. Seebohm Coll.
F2
68 ODONTOPHORID.E.
2. Massachusetts (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Windsor Hill, Connecticut ( W. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Wood).
5. Santa Cruz, W. Indies (A. $ E. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Newton).
1. Jamaica (A. Newton). Salvin-Godman Coll. '
3. Walton, Norfolk, England, 29th J. E. Harting, Esq. [P.I
July.
Colinus texanus (Lawr.).
Ortyx texanus, Dresser, Ibis, 1866, p. 27 ; Grant. Cat. Birds B. M. xxii.
" p. 419 (1893).
Ortyx virginianus, var. texanus, Baird, Brewer $ Ridgw. N. Amer.
Birds, iii. p. 474 (1874).
Colinus virginianus texanus, Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 8
m (1892).
Colinus texanus, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 45 (1899).
The eggs of the Texan Colin in the Collection are all of the same
size and measure 1/15 by '95.
1. San Antonio, Texas, 2nd July. Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. San Antonio, Texas (H. E. Dresser). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colinus cubanensis (Gould).
Colinus virginianus cubanensis, Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 9
(1892).
Ortyx cubanensis, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 421 (1893).
Colinus cubanensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 45 (1899).
The egg of the Cuban Colin in the Collection measures 1/17
by -85.
1. Cuba. Gould Coll.
Genus CYRTONYX, Gould.
Cyrtonyx montezumae ( Viy.\
Cyrtonyx massena, Dresser, Ibis, 1866, p. 29 ; Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw.
N. Amer. Birds, iii p. 492 (1874).
Cyrtonyx montezumae, Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 35, pi. i.
fig. 15 (1892) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 425 (1893) ; Sharpe.
Hand-l i. p. 46 (1899).
The eggs of the Massena Harlequin Quail do not apparently differ
from those of the species of the genus Colinus. The sole example
in the Collection measures 1*22 by 1.
1. San Antonio, Texas (Dr. Heermann). Salvin-Godman Coll.
TURNICID.E.
69
Genus ODONTOPHORUS, Vieiil.
Odontophorus marmoratus (Gould).
Odontophorus marmoratus, Scl $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 545 ; Grant,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 433 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 47
(1899).
The eggs of the Marbled Partridge are regular ovals. They are
white with a considerable amount of gloss. The two specimens in
the Collection measure respectively: 1*47 by 1-08; 1*5 by 1-1.
•2. liemedios, Antioquia, U.S. Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll.
(7'. K. Salmon).
Order HEMIPODIL
Family TUENICID^E.
The eggs of the Hemipodes are either pyriform or of a broad
oval shape, and they are rather glossy. They are double-spotted,
but the surface-markings are frequently so dense that the shell-
markings are obliterated.
Genus TURNIX, Bonn.
Turnix pugnax (Temm.).
Perdix pugnax, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Voy. p. 36, tab. viii. fig. 5
(1845-54).
Turuix ocellatus, Layard, Ann. 8f May. Nat. Hist. (2) xiv. p. 107 (1854).
Turnix taigoor, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds 2nd. ii. p. 169 (1879; ;
Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 367 (1890) ; Barnes,
Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. vi. pi. i. fig. 832 (1891) ; Grant, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxii. p. 530 (1893).
Turnix plumbipes, Hume $ Marsh, torn. cit. p. 177.
Turnix pugnax, Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 57 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
i. p. 48 (1899).
Mr. Hume thus describes the eggs of the Bustard-Quail : —
" The ground-colour is greyish white, very thickly and minutely
speckled all over with what, on close examination, proves to be
a mixture of minute dots of yellowish and reddish brown and
pale purple. Some eggs have absolutely no markings except this
minute dotting or stipling, but the majority have spots and blotches
more or less thinly speckled over the surface (often only at the
large end, always most thickly there) of intense reddish or blackish
brown or even bluish black. The minute dottings in many eggs,
everywhere dense, are most so at the large end, where, with the
blotches, they occasionally form an irregular imperfect and ill-
marked mottled or smudgy cap or zone." Specimens vary in shape
from broad oval to pyriform, and measure from '8 to 1*04 in length,
and from -71 to -85 in breadth.
70
TUENICID.E.
4. Mussoorie, Himalayas.
11. Sikhim.
3. Mongphoo, Darjiling (J. Gammie}.
3. Sikhim Terai, 13th May.
4. Sikhim Terai, 15th July.
3. Sikhim Terai, 22nd Sept.
1. Deesa, 9th Aug. (E. A. Butler}.
6. Hoshungabad, 22nd July.
6. Jhansi.
1. Raipur, C.P.. 14th March.
1. Coonoor, Nilghiris, 27th Oct.
10. Salem, Aug.
2. Ceylon.
2. Ceylon (E. L. Layard}.
4. Ceylon.
2. Ceylon, 10th Feb.
4. Calcutta, 30th July.
4. Dibrughur, 9th July (J. R. Cripps}.
2. Dibrughur, 13th Aug. (J. R. C.}.
4. Machi, Manipur, 8th June
(A. O. Hume}.
4. Pegu, Aug. (E. W. Gates].
3. Pegu, 4th Nov. (E.W. 0.}.
66. Formosa (R. Swinhoe).
17. Formosa, Aug. (P. A. Hoist}.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Purchased.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
B. Horsbrugh, Esq. [P.].
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Gates Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Turnix fasciata (Temm.).
(Plate VIII. fig. 4.)
Turnix nigrepcens, Steere, List Birds fy Mamm. PMlippine»t'O. 25 (1890).
Turnix fasciata, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 535 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 48(1899).
The eggs of the Philippine Bustard- Quail are greyish white,
densely covered with specks and dots of yellowish brown and small
blotches of pale purple. The three examples in the Collection are
very broad ovals and measure respectively: l'12by*85; 1-07 by
•85; 1-03 by -85.
3. Negros, Philippine Is., 10th Nov. Steere Expedition.
Turnix powelli, Guillem.
(Plate VIII. figs. 6 & 9.)
Turnix powelli, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 537 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 48 (1899).
The eggs of the Sumbawa Bustard-Quail in the Collection are
undistinguishable from many of those of Turnix pugnnx. They
are broad ovals and measure respectively : I'Ol by '8 ; 1-03 by -82 :
•95 by -8.
3. Alor Isl., Lesser Sunda Is., April. A. H. Everett, Esq. [C.].
TURXIX.
71
Turnix sylvatica (Desf.).
Perdix andalusica, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 36, tab. viii. fig. 4
(1845-54).
Turnix sylvatica, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 67. fig. 4 (1855-63) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 249 (1876) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxii. p. 537 (1893) ; Sharps, Hand-l. i. p. 48 (1899).
Turnix africanus, Hewitson, Ibis, 1859, p. 79, pi. ii. figs. 4, 5.
Turnix andalusica, Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 278, pi. 59. fig. '1
(1896).
The eggs of the Andalusian Bastard-Quail are greyish white,
dotted and speckled with pale purple and yellowish brown, and
blotched, generally more densely at the broad end than elsewhere,
with very dark brown or black. They vary much in the nature and
distribution of the markings. The eggs are pyriform in shape, and
measure from. '96 to 1-15 in length, and from *8 to '85 in breadth.
10. Tangiers (Favier).
2. Algeria (Capt. Loche).
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Turnix lepurana (Smith).
(Plate VIII. fig. 8.)
Turnix lepurana, Sharpens ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 608 (1875-84) ;
Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 539 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 48
(1899).
The eggs of Smith's Bustard-Quail are greyish white with a
pinkish tinge, densely spotted and speckled with pale purple,
yellowish brown and reddish brown, more thickly at the larger end
than elsewhere. The markings have a tendency to be confluent.
The three examples in the Collection are pyriform and measure
respectively : -87 by -68; -87 by -7; '88 by -72.
3. Lamu, E. Africa.
F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B. [P.].
Turnix dussumieri (Temm.).
Turnix dussumieri, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 193 (1879) ;
Oates ed. Hume, Nests # Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 371 (1890) ; Barnes,
Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. vi. pi. i. fig. 835 (,1891); Grant, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxii. p. 540 (1893) ; Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 60
(1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 48 (1899).
The eggs of the Little Bustard-Quail are greyish or yellowish
white, freckled and spotted all over with pale purple and yellowish
brown, and generally blotched as well with dark brown or black.
These blotches are sometimes few in number and small in size ;
at other times they are large and bold. The eggs are pyriform in
shape, and measure from '8 to '95 in length, and from '65 to '72 in
breadth.
2. N. India. Hume Coll.
1. Hansi, 16th April ( W. Blewitt). Hume Coll.
3. Sholapur. 17th Aug. (J. Davidson). Hume Coll.
9. Formosa (R. Swinhoe). Seebohm Coll.
72 TURNICID^E.
Turnix tanki,
Turnix tanki, Oates ed. Hume, Rests $ Eggs Ind. B. Hi. p. 370 (1890) ;
Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 544 (1893); Oates, Game Birds
Ind. i. p. 63 (1898) ; Sharps, Hand-l. i. p. 49 (1899).
Turnix joudera, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 187 (1879) ;
Barnes, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Sac. vi. pi. i. fig. 834 (1891).
The eggs of the Indian Bustard-Quail present several types of
markings, but as they can in all cases be matched by eggs of
T. pugnax, no separate description appears necessary. They are
pyriform, and measure from '85 to *9 in length, and '75 in
breadth.
1. Sealkote, 26th Aug. (A. Oldham). Hume Coll.
1. Raipur (F. R. Blewitt}. Hume Coll.
1. Raipur, June (F. It. B.). Hume Coll.
4. Mysore, 29th April (J. Macpherson). Hume Coll.
Turnix nigricollis (Gm.).
Turnix nigricollis, Coican, Proc. R. Phys. Soc. Edin. vii. p. 149 (1882) ;
Milne-Edwards # Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois. p. 494, pi. 305.
fig. 3 (1885) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 549 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 49 (1899).
The eggs of the Madagascar Bustard-Quail have a decided rufous
tinge, but otherwise they closely resemble those of T.pugnax. They
are pyriform, and measure from -84 to 1 in length, and from '73 to
8 in breadth.
11. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [C.].
Turnix melanogaster (Gould}.
Turnix melanogaster, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 178 (1865);
Campbell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 50 (1883) ; North, Nests $
Egos Austr. Birds, p. '285, pi. xvi. fig. 11 (1889) ; Grant, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxii. p. 550 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 49 (1899).
The eggs of the Black-breasted Bustard-Quail are pinkish white,
very closely and minutely speckled with pale reddish brown and
sparingly blotched with pale purple and black. The blotches are
very firm and well-defined. The two examples in the Collection are
blunt ovals and measure respectively : 1/15 by '82 ; 1-12 by '82.
2. Moreton Bay, N.E. Australia. Gould Coll.
Turnix varia (Lath.).
Perdix varia, Thien. Fortpfanz. aes. Voa. p. 53, tab. xii. fig. 6 (1845-54).
Turnix varius, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 179 (1865) ; Campbell,
Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 50 (1883) ; North, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 285 (1889).
Turnix varia, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 551 (1893): Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 49 (1899).
TCRXIX.
73
The eggs of the Variegated Bustard-Quail are greyish white,
minutely and closely speckled with reddish brown, pale purple and
dark brown. Some are, in addition, marked with small blotches of
very dark brown or black. These markings are equally distributed
over the egg and are for the most part distinct and well-defined.
The eggs are pyriform, and measure from 1/12 to 1/3 in length, and
from -88 to -95 in breadth.
4. Australia.
1. Australia.
•2. Australia.
1. Moreton Bay, N.E. Australia.
1. N.W. Australia.
'2. Gippsland, Victoria.
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Sir F. D. Cooper [P.].
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
F. A.PMlbrick, Esq., Q.C. [P.].
Turnix castanonota (Gould).
Perdix (Hemipodius) castanotus, Thien. Fortvflanz. yes. Vog. p. 54,
tab. xii. fig. 7 (1845-54).
Turnix castanotus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 183 (1865).
Turnix castanonota, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 552 (1893) ; Skarpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 49 (1899).
The eggs of the Chestnut-backed Bustard-Quail are quite different
from those of all the other species of this group, being white,
sparingly marked with small, distinct, round spots of pale purple and
black, the latter predominating. They are pyriform, and measure
from -95 to 1-03 in length, and from *84 to '87 in breadth.
1. Australia.
7. Port Essington, N. Australia.
H. F. Walter, Esq. [P.].
Gould Coll.
Turnix pyrrhothorax (Gould}.
(Plate VIII. fig. 12.)
Turnix pyrrhothorax, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 186 (1865) ;
North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 287 (1889); Grant, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxii. p. 553 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. \. p. 49 (1899).
The eggs of the Rufous-chested Bustard-Quail are greyish white,
densely marked with more or less confluent specks of pale purple,
yellowish brown, brown and black. The two examples in the
Collection are very broadly pyriform, and measure respectively : '95
by -8; '93 by -8.
'2. River Darling, Australia.
Gould Coll.
Turnix velox (Gould).
(Plate VIII. fig. 7.)
Turnix velox, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 184 (1865); Campbell,
Nests Sf Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 50 (1883); North, Nests $ Egys
Austr. Birds, p. 286 (1889) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 553
(1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 49 (1899).
74 TTJRNICID^:. — PTEROCLIEID^E.
In the eggs of the Swift-flying Bustard-Quail the ground-colour
is pinkish, and this is covered in varying degrees with speckles,
spots and small blotches, all of them more or less confluent, of
dark reddish hrown, pale purple, yellowish brown and chocolate-
brown. On some specimens the blotches are of considerable- size.
Some examples are pyriform, others broad ovals, and they measure
from -9 to 1 in length, and from -65 to '75 in breadth.
1. Australia. Salvin-Godman Coll.
10. West Australia. Gould Coll.
4. South Australia. Gould Coll.
Genus PEDIONOMUS, Gould.
Pedionomus torquatus, Gould.
Pedionomus torquatus, Gould, Handb. Birds Ausfr. ii. p. 187 (1865) :
Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 51 (1883) ; North, Nest* $
EggsAustr. Birds, p. 288, pi. xvi. fig. 12 (1889) ; Grant, Cat. Bird*
B. M. xxii. p. 554 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 49 (1899).
The eggs of the Collared Plain- Wanderer are somewhat remark-
able. Two specimens in the Collection are pyriform, very lengthened
and pointed, and closely resembling in shape those of some of the
Plovers. They are of a pale green colour, thickly speckled and
blotched with underlying markings of pale purple and surface-
markings of dark brown and yellowish brown. A third specimen
is white with numerous shell-markings of pale purple and a few
surface-spots of brown. This latter is much shorter than the two
above described. The three examples measure respectively : 1'4 by
•97 ; 1-35 by -96 ; 1-2 by -96.
2. New South Wales (Nelson}. Gould Coll.
1. South Australia. Gould Coll.
Order PTERO C LI D IFORME S.
Family PTEROCLIDID^E.
The eggs of the Sand-Grouse are long and cylindrical, both ends
being equally rounded. Occasionally an example is biconical or
slightly compressed at either end.
The texture is fine and smooth and the shell has a fine gloss.
All the eggs of the Sand-Grouse are double-spotted. The shell-
markings consist of spots and blotches of irregular shape and of
various shades of grey, lavender and pale purple. They are always
numerous and distinctly visible. The eggs of all the species are
so similar in colour and markings that no particular reference to
their coloration need be made.
SYRliHAPTES. — PIEROCLIDURUS.
75
The surface-markings vary considerably in colour and character,
and are of much service for the purpose of identification.
The eggs of the Sand-Grouse are curiously like those of the
Nightjars both in shape and coloration.
Genus SYRRHAPTES, Illiger.
Syrrhaptes paradoxus (Pall.}.
Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Newton, P. Z. S. 1861, p. 397, pi. xxxix. fig. 1 ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 75 (1876); Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii.
p. 419, pi. 20 (1884) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 2 (1893) ;
Seebohm, Eyys of Brit. Birds, p. 160, pi. 47. figs. 10, 12 (1896) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 50 (1899).
The eggs of Pallas's Three-toed Sand-Grouse are of a pale stone-
colour. The surface-markings, consisting of specks, spots and
blotches of yellowish brown, are evenly distributed over the shell.
Seven examples measure from 1'55 to 1*7 in length, and from 1*13
to 1'25 in breadth.
2. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, P. L. Sciater, Esq. [P.].
Amsterdam).
.">. Altai Mountains, May (C. A. Tancre). Seebohm Coll.
Syrrhaptes tibetanus, Gould.
(Plate VIII. fig. 13.)
Syrrhaptes tibetanus, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 43 (1879) ;
Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 5 (1893) ; Gates, Game Birds Ind.
i. p. 18 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 50 (1899).
The eggs of the Tibetan Three-toed Sand-Grouse in the Collection
are of a pale creamy-buff colour. Both the shell-markings and the
surface-markings are small, and the latter consist entirely of spots
of dull reddish brown, evenly distributed over the whole shell.
Two examples measure respectively: 1-9 by 1-37; 2 by 1-33.
2. Pamir, C. Asia.
St. G. Littledale, Esq. [P.].
Genus PTEROCLIDURUS, Bp.
Pteroclidurus alchatus (Linn.).
(Plate VIII. fig. 11.)
Pterocles alchata, Hume $ Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 77 (1879).
Pteroclurus alchata, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 7 (1893) ; Oates,
Game Birds Ind. i. p. 22 (1898).
Pteroclidurus alchatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 50 (1899).
The egg of the Eastern Pin-tailed Sand-Grouse in the Col-
lection does riot resemble the eggs of P. pyrenaicus so closely as
might be expected. It is of a creamy-buff colour, and the surface-
markings, which consist of small specks, spots and smudges of
7b PTEEOCLIDID^E.
pinkish brown, are rather closely deposited over the whole shell.
It measures 1'66 by 1*15.
1. Jeenpur, Sind, 10th July. Hume Coll.
Pteroclidurus pyrenaicus (Briss.).
Pterocles alchata, Thien. Fortpflanz. qes. Voy. p. 48, tab. x. fig. 2 a, b
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, EierEur. V'6g. tab. 21. fig. 8 (1855-63) : Salvin,
Ibis, 1859, p. 352 ; Tristram, Ibis, 1860, p. 70 ; Bree, Birds 'Eur. iii.
p. 221, pi. — (1867) ; 2nd ed. iv. p. 131, pi. — (1875) ; Sounders,
Ibis, 1871, p. 223 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 67 (1874).
Pteroclurus pyrenaicus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 9 (1893).
Pteroclurus alchata, Irby, Orn. Sir. Gibr. 2nd ed. p. 236 (1895).
Pteroclidurus pyrenaicus, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 50 (1899).
The eggs of the Western Pin-tailed Sand-Grouse may be separated
from those of all the other species of Sand-Grouse by their bold
and brilliant coloration. They vary from a pale creamy buff to
a fairly dark buff colour. The surface-markings consist of spots
and blotches of rather dark reddish brown. These are, as a rule,
very distinct and well-defined, but occasionally they are confluent,
and are always very evenly distributed over the egg. The
specimens in the Collecton measure from 1'65 to 1'96 in length,
and from 1*15 to 1/3 in breadth.
2. Seville, Spain (H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.
3. Seville (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
2. Seville (U.S.).. Seebohm Coll.
3. Arganda, Spain (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
2. Malaga, Spain (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
2. Seville (L. H. Irby). Seebohm Coll.
1. Spain. Gould Coll.
2. South Spain. Lord Lilford [P.].
5. Tunis. Louis Eraser, Esq. [C.].
1. Harakta, Algeria, 10th June. Gould Coll.
2. Harakta, 10th J une ( W. H. Simpson). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Harakta, 10th June ( W. H. S.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Harakta, 10th June ( W. H. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Plains of Roumila. 21st May ( W. Salvin-Godman Coll.
H. S.).
Pteroclidurus namaquus (Gm.).
(Plate VIII. figs. 5 & 10.)
Pterocles namaqua, Sharpens ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 574
(1875-84).
Pteroclurus namaqua, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 10 (1893).
Pteroclidurus namaquus, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 50 (1899).
The two eggs of the Namaqua Pin-tailed Sand-Grouse in the
Collection differ much from each oth,?r in colour, but they can be
matched by eggs of the next species, P. exustus. They measure
respectively: 1-35 by -fc6 ; 1-33 by '95.
2. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
TTEROCLIDURUS.
- .
Pteroclidurus exustus (Temm.).
Pterocles senegalensis, Thien. Fortpftanz. ges. Vog. p. 49, tab. x. fig1. 6 a, b
(1845-54).
Pterocles exustus, Sun/ess, P. Z. S. 1855, p. 30, Aves, pi. Ixxviii. fig. 1 ;
Hume £ Marsh. Game Birds 2nd. i. p. 69 (1879) ; Oates ed. Hume,
Nests $ E(j(js Ind. B. in. p. 361 (1890).
Pteroclurus exustus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 12 (1893) ; Oates,
Game Birds Ind. i. p. 2(5 (1898).
Pteroclidurus exustus, Skarpe, Hand-l. i. p. 50 (1899).
The eggs of the Common Pin-tailed Sand-Grouse are pinkish
stone-colour, greyish white or cream-colour, occasionally tinged with
green. The surface-markings consist of spots, specks, streaks and
blotches of olive-brown and greyish brown. These markings, as a
rule, thickly cover the shell, and occasionally they form a bold ring
round one end of the egg. One specimen in the series is perfectly
plain. They measure from 1'3 to 1'6 in length, and from *95 to
1-15 in breadth.
11. India.
2. Sind (J. H. Gould}.
35. Sirsa District.
18. Sirsa District, 21st April.
1. Sirsa District, 30th April.
1. Sirsa District, 8th May.
2. Sirsa District, 25th May.
1. Sirsa District, 12th June.
2. Sirsa District, 1st July.
2. Sirsa District, 10th July.
3. Sirsa District, llth July.
2. Sirsa District, 12th July.
2. Sirsa District, 1st Sept.
3. Sirsa District, 3rd Sept.
2. Sirsa District *, 7th Sept.
2. Hissar, loth March ( W. Blewitt).
2. Hissar, 15th March ( W. B.).
2. Hissar, 20th March ( W. B.}.
'2. Ilissar, 1st April ( W. B.}.
1. Hissar, 18th Sept. ( W. B.).
;j. Hansi, 15th March.
2. Hansi, 2nd April.
3. Plansi, 17th May.
3. Hansi, 3rd June.
1. Plansi, 10th June.
1. Delhi, 4th March (C. T. Bingham).
2. Gurhi Hursroo, 13th May.
2. Gurgaon, 7th Oct. ( W. N. Chill).
1. Agra.
3. Etawah, 15th July.
2. Etawah, 7th Feb. ( W. E. Brooks).
1. Jhansi, 13th June.
2. Sambhur, 21st May (R. M. Adam}.
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
* All the eggs from the Sirsa District were probably taken by Khan
Kizaiu-oo-deen, Khan Bahadoor (cf. Hume, /. c.).
78 PTEKOCLIDID^.
] . Hoshungabad, 6th May. Hume Coll.
1. Nimar, 10th May. Hume Coll.
1. Saugor. Hume Coll.
2. Palawdee, 12th Feb. Hume Coll.
2. Jodhpur, March. W. T. Blanford, Esq. [P.].
Genus PTEROCLIS, Temm.
Pteroclis arenarius (Pall.).
Pterocles arenarius, Thien. Fortjrftanz. cjes. Vog. p. 48, tab. x. fig. 1
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 67. fig. 1 (1855-63) ;
Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 353; Tristram, Ibis, 1860, p. 69; Bree, Birds
Eur. iii. p. 226, pi. — (1867) ; 2nd ed. iv. p. 135, pi. — (1875) ;
Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 223 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 61 (1874) ;
Danford, Ibis, 1878, p. 27 ; Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i.
p. 47 (1879); Barnes, Stray Featli. ix. p. 219 (1880); Grant, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxii. p. 18 (1893) ; Oates, Game Birds Ind. i. p. 36
(1898).
Pteroclis arenarius, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 50 (1899).
The eggs of the Black-bellied Sand-Grouse are, on the whole,
very pale, and present a marbled appearance. The ground is
greyish white, cream-colour or pale buff, and occasionally very pale
green. The surf ace- markings are yellowish brown, plain brown or
pale rufous, and consist of ill-defined streaky blotches which are,
more or less, confluent. The eggs measure from 1-7 to 2 in length,
and from T23 to 1'33 in breadth.
2. Granada, Spain. Seebohm Coll.
2. Granada (H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.
4. Arganda, Spain, 15th June (H. &). Seebohm Coll.
2. Tzhar, Algeria, 4th June ( W. H. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Simpson).
3. Harakta, Algeria, 2nd June ( W. Salvin-Godman Coll.
H. S.).
3. Harakta, 10th June ( W. H. S.\ Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Madracen, Constantine, 27th Mayr Salvin-Godman Coll.
7. Tunis. Louis Fraser, Esq. [C.].
1. Erzeroum, Asia Minor. Seebohm Coll.
2. Chaousk-Keui, Asia Minor, llth Seebohm Coll.
May (C.G. Danford}.
3. Baghas-lyan, Asia Minor. 9th May Seebohm Coll.
[aG.D.).
6. Jazli-tash, Asia Minor, 12th May Seebohm Coll.
(C. G.D.).
1. Chaman, Afghanistan, 15th May Hume Coll.
(H. E. Barnes).
Pteroclis coronatus, Liclit.
Pterocles coronatus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. aes. Vog. p. 49, tab. x. fig. 4 a, b
(1845-54) ; Hume 8f Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 57 (1879) ; Barnes,
Stray Featli. ix. pp. 219, 4o8 (I860) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ix. (Suppl.)
PTEROCLIS. 79
p. 313 (1896) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 23 (1893) ; Oates,
Game Birds 2nd. i. p. 41 (1898).
Pteroclia coronatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 51 (1899).
An egg of the Coronetted Sand-Grouse in the Collection is cream-
coloured, with surface-spots and dashes of yellowish brown evenly
distributed over the whole shell. It measures 1*6 by 1*05.
1. Chaman, Afghanistan, 27th May Hume Coll.
(H. E. Barnes).
Pteroclis fasciatus (Scop.).
Pterocles fasciatus, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. i. p. 59 (1879),
iii. App. pi. ii. (1880) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Ec/ys Ind. B. iii.
p. 364 (1890) : Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 27 (1893) ; Oates,
Game Birds Ind. i. p. 45 (1898).
Pteroclis fasciatus, Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 51 (1899).
The ground-colour of the eggs of the Indian Painted Sand-
Grouse is pinkish white, pinkish buff or salmon-pink. The surface-
markings consist of specks and spots of pale reddish brown : these
are generally evenly distributed over the shell, but sometimes they
are collected at one end. A few examples have some large blotches
of bright reddish brown at the larger end. Specimens measure
from 1-3 to 1-6 in length, and from -9 to 1-05 in breadth.
1. Delhi, 30th May (C. T. Bingham}. Hume Coll
1. Hoshungabad, 6th May (E. C. Nunn). Hume Coll.
2. Sambhur (R. M. Adam). Hume Coll.
3. Sambhur, 20th April (R. M. A.). Hume Coll.
4. Sambhur, 20th April (R. M. A.). Hume Coll.
2. Sambhur, 27th April (R. M. A.). Hume Coll.
3. Sambhur, 1st May (R. M. A.). Hume Coll.
3. Sambhur, 4th May (R. M. A.). Hume Coll.
3. Sambhur, 8th May (R. M. A.}. Hume Coll.
3. Sambhur, 8th May (R. M. A.). Hume Coll.
2. Sambhur, 8th May (R. M. A.). Hume Coll.
3. Sambhur, 21st May (JR. M. A.). Hume Coll.
2. Chanda, C. Provs., 28th Nov. Hume Coll.
(R. Thompson).
Order CO LU MBIFO RMES.
The eggs of the Pigeons are white, the shell being almost
invariably fine and smooth. The amount of gloss is variable.
They are normally of a perfect elliptical shape, both ends being
equally rounded. Occasionally specimens are biconical or spheroidal
in form ; oval-shaped eggs are rarely met with.
In many large series of the eggs of the Pigeons, a number
of specimens may be noticed of a drab or brown colour or with a
80 TRERONID.E.
creamy tinge. There can be little doubt, however, that the eggs of
all Pigeons are white when first laid, and that discoloration takes
place after incubation has commenced. A few instances may be
cited to support this conclusion.
The eggs of Zenaida meridionalis are said by Gosse (' Birds of
Jamaica,' p. 307) to be of a drab colour, but the specimens taken
by Messrs. A. & E. Newton (Ibis, 1859, p. 253), and now in the
National Collection, are white.
The eggs of (Ena capensis in the Collection are of a cream-colour,
but Andersson (' Birds of Damara Land/ p. 235) remarks of this
species that " its two white eggs have a rosy tint."
Of the fifteen eggs of Chalcophaps indica in the Collection, nine
are cream-coloured, but no less than six are pure white.
In the following descriptions, therefore, of the eggs of the
Pigeons, it will be understood that they are white unless the
contrary is stated.
Sub-Order COLUMBJE.
Family TRERONID^.
Sub-Family TRERONIN^E.
Genus SPHENOCERCUS, Gray.
Sphenocercus sphenurus
Sphenocercus sphenurus, Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Efjgs Ind. B. ii.
p. 377 (1890) ; Salvador!, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 8 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l i. p. 52 (1899).
The eggs of the Wedge-tailed Green Pigeon have comparatively
little gloss. They measure from 1-07 to 1'25 in length, and from
•84 to -93 in breadth.
2. India. Gould Coll.
1. Gurhwal, May. Hume Coll.
3, Mussoorie (T. Hutton). Hume Coll.
Genus VINAGO, Guv.
Vinago delalandei
Treron delalandii, Sharpens ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 558 (1875-
84) ; Ayres, Ibis, 1885, p. 345.
Vinago delalandei, Salvadon, Cat. Birds B, M. xxi. p. 24 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 52 (1899).
The egg of Delalande's Green Pigeon in the Collection measures
1-18 by -96 and has but little gloss.
1. Natal (T. Ayres). Salvin-Godman Coll.
CROcorus.
81
Genua CROCOPUS, Bp.
Crocopus phcenicopterus (Lath.).
Crocopus phoenicopteru8, Beavan, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 376; Oaten ed. Hume,
Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 370 (1890) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxi. p. 26 (1893) ; Blanf. Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, iv. p. 5 (1898) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 53 (1899).
Crocopus viridifrons, Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 373
(1890) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 28 (1893J ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 53 (1899).
The eggs of the Bengal Green Pigeon measure from 1*10 to 1/35
in length, and from -9 to 1 in breadth. Some are glossy, while
others have only a faint gloss.
1. Saliarunpur (G. F. L. Marshall}.
2. Hansi, 17th March ( W. Blcwitt}.
2. Hansi, 16th May ( W. B.).
1. Hansi, 18th May (W. B.).
1. Hansi, 22nd May ( W. B.).
2. Maunbhoom, April (R. C. Beavan}.
1. Thoungyin River, Tenasserim, 16th
March (C. T. Bingham}.
1. Thoungyin River, 17th March
(C. T. B.}.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crocopus chlorigaster (Blyth).
Crocopus chlorigaster, Legge, Bird* Cei/l. p. 722 (1879) ; Oates ed. Hume,
Nests 8f Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 372 (1890).
Crocopus chlorogaster, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 30 (1893) ;
Skarpe, Hand-l. i. p. 53 (1899).
The eggs of the Southern Green Pigeon are highly glossed, and
measure from 1/1 to 1'35 length, and from -9 to 1 in breadth.
1. Hansi, C. India, 5th April ( W. Hume Coll.
Blewitt}.
1. Hansi, 9th April ( W. B.}. Hume Coll.
1. Hansi, 14th April (W. B.). Hume Coll.
2. Hansi, 19th April ( W, B.}. Hume Coll.
1. Hansi, 21st April (W. B.}. Hume Coll.
1. Hansi, 22nd April ( W. B.}. Hume Coll.
2. Hansi, 23rd April ( W. B.}. Hume Coll.
2. Hansi, 27th April ( W. B.). Hume Coll.
2. Hansi, 2nd May ( W. B.). Hume Coll.
1. Hansi, 14th May ( W. B.}. Hurae Coll.
1. Bareilly, 2nd June (A. O. Hume}. Hume Coll.
1. Bareilly, 16th May (A. O. H.}. Hume Coll.
1. Etawah, 23rd March (A. O. H.}. Hume Coll.
1. Etawah, 15th April (A. O. H.}. Hume Coll.
2. Lucknow, 5th May. Hume Coll.
1. Mundla, 6th April. Hume Coll,
VOL. I.
82 TRERONIDJE.
Genus TRERON, V.
Treron nipalensis (Hodgs.}.
Treron nepalensis, Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs 2nd. B. ii. p. 370
(1890).
Treron nipalensis, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 34 (1893) ; Sharps,
Hand-l i. p. 53 (1899).
The egg of the Thick-billed Green Pigeon in the Collection
measures 1-13 by -89, and is moderately glossy.
1. Thoungyin River, Tenasserirn, 28th Hume Coll.
March (C. T. Bingham).
Genus OSMOTRERON, Bp.
Osmotreron phayrei, Blyth.
Osmotreron phayrii, Oates ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs 2nd. B. ii. p. 376
(1890).
Osmotreron phayrei, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 43 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 54 (1899).
The egg of the Ashy-headed Green Pigeon in the Collection
measures T2 by -8, and is highly glossy.
1. Tavoy, Burma, 19th March (J. Dar- Hume Coll.
ling}.
Osmotreron malabarica (Jerd.).
Osmotreron malabarica, Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs 2nd. B. ii. p. 375
(1890) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 45 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 54 (1899).
Osmotreroii affinis, Blanf. Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, iv. p. 8 (1898).
The eggs of the Grey-fronted Green Pigeon in the Collection
measure respectively : 1*07 by '85 ; I'l by '85, and are fairly
glossy.
1. Wynaad, S. India, 7th April (J. Dar- Hume Coll.
ling}.
1. Wynaad, 10th April (J. 2).). Hume Coll.
Osmotreron bicincta (Jerd.).
Osmotreron bicincta, Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 725 (1879); Oates ed. Hume,
Nests $Eggs 2nd. B. ii. p. 374 (1890) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxi. p. 67 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 54 (1899).
The eggs of the Orange-breasted Green Pigeon measure from.
1 to !•! in length, and from '85 to -9 in breadth, and have a faint
gloss.
2. Tippera, April (V. Irwiri). Hume Coll.
1. Pegu, 15th May (E. W. Gates). Hume Coll.
]. Pegu, 15th May (E. W. O.}. Seebohm Coll.
1. Pegu, 20th March (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
OSMOTRERON. PHABOTREROX. PTILOruS. £ : I
Osmotreron vcrnans (Linn.).
TYeron vornans, Eoerett, P. Z. S. 183 J, p. 225 j id. List Birds Born.
p. 196 (1889).
Os mot re roil vernans, O ties ed. Hume, Nests $ Ef/f/s I/id. B. ii. p. 375
(1890) ; Saloadori, Cat. Birds It. M. xxi. p. GO (1893) ; Shai-pe, Hand-l.
i. p. 54 (1899).
The eggs of the Pink-necked Green Pigeon measure from 1/08 to
1-12 in length, and from -8 to '88 in breadth, and have but little
gloss.
-2. Kussoom, Malay Peninsula, 7th July Hume Coll.
( W. Damson).
2. Klanor, Malay Peninsula, 12th Jan. Hume Coll.
(W.D.).
2. Labuan, Borneo, May. A. H. Everett, Esq. [P.].
Genus PHABOTRERON, Bp.
Phabotreron leucotis (Temm.\
Phabotreron leucotis, Saloadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 07 (1893);
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 55 (1899).
Geopelia striata, Grant $ Whitehead* (lapsu), Ibis, 1898, p. 246.
The eggs of the White-eared Pigeon are glossy, and measure from
1-05 to 1-13 in length, and from -77 to -8 in breadth.
4. • Engano, North-east Luzon, May. J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
Sub-Family PTILOPODIN,E.
Genus PTILOPUS, Swains.
Ptilopus perousei, Peale.
Ptilonopus perousii, Whitmee, Ibis, 1875, p. 441.
Ptilopus perousei, Salvador^ Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 87 (1893) ; Sharps,
Hand-l. i. p. 56 (1899).
The egg of Marie's Fruit-Pigeon in the Collection measures
1*16 by -97, and has little or no gloss.
1. Tongatabu, Friendly Islands. P. B. Leefe; Esq. [P.].
Ptilopus swainsoni, Gould.
Ptilinopus swainsonii, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 106 (1865).
Ptilopus swainsoni, Saloadori. Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 95 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 57 (1899).
* The late Mr. Whitehead informed me that the eggs of this species were
attributed by him to Geopelia striata by an oversight. They were really those
ui the present species.
G2
84
The eggs of Swainson's Fruit-Pigeon in the Collection measure
respectively : 1-2 by -87 ; T26 by -87. They have only a faint
gloss.
1. Cape York, N. Australia. Gould Coll.
1 . Australia. Gould Coll.
Ptilopus ewingi, Gould.
Ptilinopus ewiugii, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 107 (1805).
Ptilopus ewingi, Salvador!, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 9(3 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 57 (1899).
The eggs of Ewing's Fruit-Pigeon in the Collection are gloss-
less and measure respectively : 1'15 by '79 ; 1'22 by *85.
1. Somerset, Cape York, 3rd Dec. C. A. Barnard, Esq. [C.l.
1. Somerset, 8th Jan. C. A. Barnard, Esq. [C.J.
Ptilopus fasciatus, Peale.
Ptilonopus fasciatus, Finsch fy Uartl, Fauna Centralpolyn. p. 115, t. ii.
fig. 3 (1867) ; Whitmee, Ibis, 1875, p. 442.
Ptilopus fasciatus, Salvation, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 98 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 57 (1899).
The eggs of the Banded Fruit-Pigeon in the Collection are
without gloss, and measure respectively : 1-28 by '88 ; 1-27 by -92.
1. Samoa, Sept. Rev. S. J. Whitmee [P.I.
1. Samoa, Oct. Ilev. S. J. Whitmee [P.].
Genus LAMPROTRERON, Bp.
Lamprotreron superba (Temm. $ Knip).
Lamprotreron superbus, Goidd, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 108 (1865) ;
Campbell ', Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 48 (1883) ; North, Nests fy
Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 269 (1889).
Ptilopus superbus, Ramsai/, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. (2) i. p. 1151 (1887) ;
Salvador i, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 112 (1893).
Lamprotreron superba, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 58 (1899).
The egg of the Superb Fruit-Pigeon in the Collection is glossless,
and measures 1/12 by *82.
1. Somerset, Cape York, 29th Jan. C. A. Barnard, Esq. [C.].
Genus MEGALOPREPIA, lleichenb.
Megaloprepia assimilis (Gould).
Megaloprepia assimilis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. Ill (1865):
North, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 270 (1889) ; Salvadori, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxi. p. 168 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 62 (1899).
The eggs of the Allied Fruit-Pigeon in the Collection measure
MEGALOPREPIA. CARPOPHAGA. 85
respectively: 1-4 by *9o; 1'39 by -05, and have a small amount of
gloss.
1. Somerset, Cape York, 7th Dec. C. A. Barnard, Esq. [C.l.
1. Somerset, 6th Jan. C. A. Barnard, Esq. [O.J.
Megaloprepia puella (Less.).
Carpophaga puella, Macgillivray, Voy. ' Rattlesnake,' ii. p. 358 (1852).
Megaloprepia puella, Nehrkorn, J. f. O. 1885, p. 34 ; Salvadori, C
Birds B. M. xxi. p. 170 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 63 (1899).
The egg of the Fairy Fruit-Pigeon in the Collection measures
1-23 by '85, and is without gloss.
1. Cape York, N. Australia (Gapt. Voy. H. M.S. ' Rattlesnake.'
Stanley).
Sub-Family CARPOPHAGIN^).
Genus CARPOPHAGA, Selly.
Carpophaga insular is, Blyth.
Carpophaga insularis, Gates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B, ii. p. 367
(1890); Salvador!, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 185 (1893); Sharpe,
Hand-L i. p. 64 (1899).
The egg of the Mcobar Imperial Pigeon in the Collection
measures 1'9 by 1'37, and possesses a small amount of gloss.
1. Trinkut Island, Nicobars, 17th Hume Coll.
March ( W. Damson],
Carpophaga aenea (Linn.).
Carpophaga senea, Sharpe, P. Z. S 1879, p. 348 ; Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 718
(1879) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests § Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 366 (1890) ;
Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 190 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i.
p. 64 (1899).
The eggs of the Green Imperial Pigeon are fairly glossy, and
measure from 1'6 to 1'85 in length, and from 1-25 to 1'32 in
breadth.
1. Labuan, Borneo. Sir Hugh Low [C.].
2. Port Blair, Andamans, 7th July Hume Coll.
(R. J. Wimberky).
]. Thoungyin River, Tenasserim, Hume Coll.
19th March (C. T. Bingham).
Carpophaga rhodinolaema, Scl.
Carpophaga rhodinolsema, Sclater, Zool. ' Challenger' Exped. ii. pp. 31, 151
(1880) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 196 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 64 (1899).
86 TRERONID.E.
The eggs of Sclater's Imperial Pigeon in the Collection measure
respectively: 2'1 by 1-3; 1-9 by 1'32; 1*9 by 1-34. They are
slightly glossy.
3. Admiralty Islands. Voy. II.M.S. < Challenger/
Genus DUCULA, Hodgs.
Ducula cuprea (Jerd.).
Carpophaga cuprea, Oates ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 368
(1890) ; Salvador*, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 215 (1893).
Ducula cuprea, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 66 (1899).
The eggs of Jerdon's Imperial Pigeon in the Collection are glossy,
and measure respectively: 1-68 by 1-32; 1-73 by 1-26; 1-7*6
by 1-29.
1. Kakencotte Forest, Mysore, 2nd Hume Coll.
March (/. Macpherson).
2. Kakencotte Forest, 27th April Hume Coll.
(/. Macpherson).
Ducula griseicapilla, Walden.
Carpophaga griseicapilla, Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 369
(1890) ; Salvador*, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 217 (1893).
Ducula griseicapilla, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 66 (1899;.
The egg of the Grey-headed Imperial Pigeon in the Collection
is fairly glossy, and measures 1'61 by 1-15.
1. Mooleyit Mountain, Tenasserim, Hume Coll.
27th Jan. ( W. Damson).
Genus MYEISTICIVORA, lleichenb.
Myristicivora bicolor (Scop.).
Carpophaga bicolor, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 348 ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests
$ Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 369 (1890).
Myristicivora bicolor, Salvador*, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 227 (1893)
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 67 (1899).
Two eggs of the Pied Imperial Pigeon measure respectively :
1-78 by 1-25 ; 1-9 by 1-35. They are fairly glossy.
1. Trinkut Island, Nicobars, 4th Feb. Hume Coll.
( Wimberley}.
1. Labuan, Borneo, Feb. Sir Hugh Low [C.].
v
Myristicivora spilorrhoa (Gray).
Myristicivora spilorrhoa, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 114 (186-5) :
North, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 269 (1889) ; Salvador*, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxi. p, 231 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-Li, p. 67 (1899).
COLOIBID.E.
87
The eggs of the White Nutmeg-Pigeon in the Collection measure
respectively: 1'77 by 1-25; 1-85 by 1-27; 1/76 by 1-2; 1-8 by
1-25 ; 1/75 by 1*27. They have a moderate amount of gloss.
2. N.E. Australia (J. Macgillivray).
2. Cape York, N. Australia.
1. Fergusson Island, New Guinea,
12th Oct.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
C. A. Barnard, Esq. [C.].
Family COLUMBINE.
Sub-Family COLUMBINE.
Genus COLTTMBA, Linn.
Columba livia, Bonn.
Columba livia, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 64, tab. xi. fig. 14 (1845-54) ;
Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 67. fig. 7 (1855-63) ; Heicitson, Eggs
of Brit. Birds, i. p. 274, pi. Ixvii. fig. iii (1866) ; Dresser, Birds
Eur. vii. p. 11 (1879) ; Seebokm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 405, pi. 17 (1884) ;
Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 252 (1893) ; Seebokm, Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 158, pi. 47. fig. 9 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 69
(Io99).
The eggs of the Rock- Dove are very glossy, and measure from
1-35 to 1-5 in length, and from 1-1 to 1-2 in breadth.
Faroe Islands, 19th June (H. C.
Mutter: Hargitt Coll.').
Faroe Islands (H. C. M. : Hargitt
Coll.).
Orkneys.
Island of Islay (Hargitt Coll.}.
North Uist, 5th June (E. V. See-
bohm).
Breachy, Donegal, loth May (H.
Saunders).
Donegal, 1st June (H. S.).
Co. Waterford, 15th April.
Co. Waterford, 4th May.
Co. Waterford, 28th June.
Bempton, Yorkshire.
Seville, Spain, April (Ruiz}.
Siberia,
Krasnoyarsk,
(Kibort).
5th June
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
R. J. Ussher, Esq. [P
R. J. Ussher, Esq. [P
R. J. Ussher, Esq. [P
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Columba intermedia, Strickl.
Columba intermedia, Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 698 (1879) ; Oates ed. Hume,
Nests # Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 344 (1890) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxi. p. 259 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 69 (1899).
The eggs of the Indian Blue Rock-Pigeon measure from 1-3 to
88
COLUMBID^.
1-65 in length, and from 1'05 to 1-25 in breadth, and are very
glossy.
2.
'2.
2.
1.
8.
1.
1.
1.
6.
2.
9.
2
10!
Gurgaon District, ]2th April. Hume Coll.
Gurgaon District, 13th April. Hume Coll.
Etawah, 19th Jan. Hume Coll.
Etawah, 28th Jan. Hume Coll.
Baraitch, 4th May. Hume Coll.
Bhurtpur, 29th Jan. (A. O. Hume}. Hume Coll.
Sarnbhur, 7th March (R. M. Hume Coll.
Adam).
Samhhur, 20th March (JR. M. A'.}. Hume Coll.
Sambhur, 25th March (R. M. A.). Hume Coll.
Sambhur, 28th March (R. M. A.). Hume Coll.
Sambhur, 1st April (R. M. A.}. Hume Coll.
Sambhur, 5th April (R. M. A.). Hume Coll
Jodhpur, 4th April. Hume Coll.
Dhola, Jodhpur, 5th April. Hume Coll.
Columba cenas, Linn.
Columba cenas, Baedeker, EierEur. Vog. tab. 67. fig. 6 (1855-63) ; Hewitson,
Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 273, pi. Ixvii. tig. ii (1856) ; Dresser,
Birds Eur. vii. p. 23 (1876) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 401, pi. 17
(1884) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 261 (1893) ; Seebohm,
Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 158, pi. 47. fig. 7 (1896) ; Sharpe.Hand-l. i.
p. 69.
The eggs of the Stock-Dove are very glossy and frequently
tinged with a faint cream-colour. They measure from T4 to 1-5 in
length, and from 1*15 to 1*2 in breadth.
Mossford Wood, Loch Luichart,
24th May (W. McRae : Har-
gitt Coll.}.
Wilstrop, Yorkshire (Hargitt Coll}.
Derbyshire, 22nd April (H. See-
bohm}.
Little Eaton, Derbyshire, 23rd
April (H. S}.
Edwinstow, 7th Mav (H. S.}.
Granchester, Cambridgeshire, 5th
April (O. Salvin).
Colefall Wood,Finchley (O. S.}.
Cookham, Berkshire.
Avington Park, Hants, 14th May
(E. Hargitt).
New Forest (Parsons).
New Forest, 7th April (Fawen).
Sweden.
Stolp, Pomerania, 8th May (T.
Holland) .
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
S. 0. Sahlin, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
COLUMI5A. 89
Coluinba phseonota, G. E. Gray.
Columba phaeonota, Sharpens ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 559 (1875-
84) ; Ayres, Ibis, 1877, p. 345 ; 1880, p. 109 ; Salvador*, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxi. p. 268 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 69 (1899).
The two eggs of the South- African Speckled Pigeon in the
Collection differ greatly in size and measure respectively : 1*6 by 1 "2 ;
1*35 by 1'05. They are moderately glossy.
1. S. Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
1. Natal. T. Ayres, Esq. [P.].
Columba leucocephala, Linn.
Columba leucocephala, Gosse, Birds Jamaica, p. 299 (1847); Baird,
Brewer $ Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, iii. p. 363 (1874) ; Con/, Birds
Bahama Is. p. 137 (1880) ; Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 131,
pi. iv. fig. 4 (1892) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 278 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 70 (1899).
The egg of the White-crowned Pigeon, or Bald-pate, in the
Collection measures 1-36 by 1-05, and is glossy.
1. Jamaica (Smiths. Inst.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Columba speciosa, Gm.
Columba speciosa, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 543 ; Salvadori, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxi. p. 281 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 70 (1899).
The egg of the Scallop-necked Pigeon in the Collection is glossy
and measures 1*48 by 1*05.
1. Remedios, Antioquia, U.S. Colombia Salviu-Godman Coll.
(T.K. Salmon}.
Columba araucana, Less.
Columba araucana, James, New List of Chilian Birds, p. 10 (1892) ;
Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 296 (1893) ; Lane, Ibis, 1897,
p. 297 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 71 (1899).
The eggs of the Chilian Pigeon in the Collection are glossy, and
measure respectively: 1'44 by 1*05; 1'5 by 1-15; 1*55 by 1'18;
1-62 by 1-15.
1. Central Chile (Landbeck}. Berkeley James Coll.
1. Chile, 15th December. Berkeley James Coll.
1. Chile. Purchased.
1 . Laid in confinement in England, E. G. Meade-Waldo,Esq. [P.].
July.
Columba laurivora, Webb $ Berth.
Columba laurivora, Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 31 (1875) ; Salvadori,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 297 (1893) ; Sharpe. Hand-l. i. p. 71 (1899).
90
COLUMBIDJE.
An egg of the Canarian Pigeon measures 1'55 by 1/15, and is
glossy.
1. Laid in confinement in England. E. G. Meade- Waldo, Esq. [P.].
Columba bollei, Godman.
Columba bollei, Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 29 (1875) ; Reid, Ibis, 1877,
p. 425; Koenig, J.f. O. 1890, p. 286, tab. viii. fig. 12 ; Salvation, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxi. p. 297 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 71 (1899).
The egg of Bolle's Pigeon in the Collection measures 1*65 by 1*1
and is moderately glossy.
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gar- Zool. Society,
dens, London).
Columba palumbus, Linn.
Columba palumbus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Voq. p. 62, tab. xi. fig. 12
(1845-54); Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 318; Heivitson, Eggs of Brit.
Birds, i. p. 271, pi. Ixvii. fig. i (1856) ; Dresser, Birds Ear. vii. p. 3
(1878); Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 396, pi. 17 (1884); Salvation,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 299 (1893) ; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Bird*,
p. 157, pi. 47. fig. 8 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-L i. p/71 (1899).
Palumbus torquatus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 67. fig. 5 (1855-63).
The eggs of the Wood-Pigeon are very glossy, and measure from
1*55 to 1'7 in length, and from 1*15 to 1/35 in breadth.
4.
2.
Mossford, Loch Luichart ( W. McEae :
Hargitt Coll.).
Half Glen, near Knockie (Hargitt
Coll.).
Dochfour, Inverness-shire (Hargitt
Coll.).
North Berwick, Haddingtonshire,
23rd April (Hargitt Coll.).
Allerton Park, Yorkshire, 24th May
(W. Harrison: Hargitt Coll.).
Wilstrop, Yorkshire, 28th May (T.
Cass : Hargitt Coll.).
Harrogate, Yorkshire, llth July
(H. Seebohm).
Ashopton, Derbyshire, 3rd April
(H. S.).
Maddingley, Cambridgeshire, 19th
May (O. Salvin).
Cambridgeshire.
Colefall Wood, Finchley (O. Salvin).
Elveden, Suffolk, June (O. Salvin).
New Forest, 26th April (H. Saunders).
Stolp, Pomerania, 20th May (T. Hol-
land).
Stolp, 24th May (T. H.).
Stolp, 25th May (T. H.).
Ain Djendeli, Algeria, 17th May
(O. Salvin).
Ain Djendeli, 20th May (O. S.).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
COLUMBA. — MACROPYGIA.
Columba casiotis
91
Palumbus casiotis, Oates ed. Hume, Nests Sf Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 346(1890).
Columba casiotis, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 302 (1893) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. ix. (Suppl] p. 299 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i.
p. 71 (1899).
The eggs of the Eastern Wood- Pigeon are glossy ; three examples
measure respectively : T55 by 1*12; 1-5 by 1*03; 1'55 by 1-05.
1. Himalayas, 16th June. Hume Coll.
2. Agrore Valley, Punjab, 20th May Hume Coll.
(Col. Unwiri).
Columba elphinstonei (SyJces).
Palumbus elphinstonii, Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 347
(1890).
Columba elphinstonei, Salvation, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 304 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 71 (1899).
The eggs of the Nilghiri Wood-Pigeon in the Collection are
glossy and measure respectively : 1*45 by 1'06 ; 1'53 by 1*1 ; 1*51
by 1-18.
1. Nilghiris, June (W. Davism). Hume Coll.
2. Kotagherry, Nilghiris, 23rd June Hume Coll.
(Miss Cockburri).
Columba ianthina, Temm.
Carpophaga ianthina, Seebohm, Birds Japan. Emp. p. 165 (1890).
Columba fanthina, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 310 (1893).
Columba ianthina, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 71 (1899).
The egg of the Japanese Wood-Pigeon in the Collection is glossy
and measures 1'55 by 1-14.
1. Chichishima, Japan, 6th June
(P. A. Hoist}.
Seebohm Coll.
Sub-Family MACROPYGIIN.E.
Genus MACROPYGIA, Swains.
Macropygia tusalia (Hodys.}.
Macropygia tusalia, Oates ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 362
(1890) : Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 338 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 73 (1899).
Two eggs of the Bar-tailed Cockoo-Dove in the Collection are
moderately glossy and measure respectively : 1-37 by '95 ; 1'37 by
1-03. One is spotted with dull yellow, but this is undoubtedly due
to stains.
2. Mongphoo, Darjiling, June
(/. Gammie).
Hume Coll.
92 COLUMBID^J. -
Sub-Family ECTOPISTIN^E.
Genus ECTOPISTES, Swains.
Ectopistes migratorius (Linn.).
Columba migratoria. Thien. Fortnflanz. qes. Voq. p. 61. tab. xi. fig. 11
(1845-54).
Ectopistes migratorius, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridqw. N. Amer. Birds, iii.
p. 368 (1874) ; Bendire, Life Hint. N. A. Birds, i. p. 132, pi. iv.
fig. 6 {1892) ; Salvador*, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 369 (1893) ;
Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 160, pi. 47. fig. 11 (1896) ; Sharne.
Hand-l. i. p. 76 (1899).
The eggs of the Passenger-Pigeon measure from 1-36 to 1-6 in
length, and from 1'04 to 1-17 in breadth.* They are moderately
1. Laid in confinement in England. H. Walter, Esq. [P.].
•2. Canada (Gale: Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.
3. North America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Rockford, Illinois (Blackman: Salvin-Godman Coll.
Smiths. Inst.).
1. East Windsor Hill, U.S.A. (W. Salvin-Godinan Coll.
Wood: Smiths. Inst.).
1. Texas (H. E. Dresser). Seebohm Coll.
Family PEBISTERIME.
Sub-Family ZENAIDIN^E.
Genus ZENAIDURA, Bp.
Zenaidura carolinensis (Linn.).
Zenaidura carolinensis, Baedeker, EierEur. Vog. tab. 67. fig. 10 (1855-63) ;
Baird, Brewer $ Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, iii. p. 383 (1874) ;
Salvador*, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 374 (1893) ; Sharne, Hand-l.
i. p. 76 (1899).
Zenaidura macroura, Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 139. pi. iv.
figs. 8, 9 (1892).
The eggs of the Carolina Dove are moderately glossy, and measure
from I'Ol to 1-2 in length, and from -85 to -87 in breadth.
2. N. America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
5. N. America, 9th-l 5th May (Henshaw Salvin-Godman Coll.
Coll.).
* The eggs of this Pigeon figured by Thienernann measure only 1'2 by -9.
ZEXAIDA.
100 miles west of Fort Cobb, 5th June
(C. S. McCarthy: Texas Bound.
Survey] .
Pennsylvania (T. M. Brewer}.
Princeton, New Jersey, 22ud April.
Princeton, 25th April.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salviu-Godman Coll.
PrincetouUniversity, N. J. [E.j.
Princetonllniversity, N.J. [E.J.
Genus ZENAIDA, Bp.
Zenaida meridionalis (Lath.).
Zenaida amabilis, Gosse, Birds Jamaica, p. 307 (1847) ; A. Sf E. Newton,
Ibis, 1859, p. 253; Ba/rd, B reiver # Ridyiv. N. Amer. Birds, iii.
p. 379 (1874) ; Cory, Birds Bahama Isls. p. 138 (1880) ; Salvadori,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 382 (1893).
Zenaida zenaida, Bendire. Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 143, pi. ii. fig. 21
(1892).
Coluraba meridionalis, Sakadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 641 (1893).
Zenaida meridionalis, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 76 (1899).
The eggs of the Pea-Dove, or Zenaida Dove, in the Collection
are glossy and measure respectively : 1-18 by -9 ; 1-2 by -86.
2. St. Croix,W. Indies (A.$E. Newton}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Zenaida auriculata (Des Murs}.
Zenaida maculata, Scl. $ Huds. Argent. Orn. ii. p. 141 (1889) ; Sharp?,
Jwrn. Linn. Soc., Zool. xx. p. 479 (1890); Holland, Ibis, 1892,
p. 2C9 ; James, New List of Chilian Bird.?, p. 10 (1892) j Aplin,
Ibis, 1894, p. 202.
Zenaida auriculala, fifthadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 384 (1893);
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 77 (1899).
The eggs of the Spotted Dove measure from 1*1 to 1/25 in length,
and from -85 to -92 in breadth. They are moderately glossy.
1. Fernando Noronha Island.
2. Fernando Noronha Island.
5. Uruguay.
5. Argentine Republic, Oct
2. Central Chile.
2. Central Chile.
2. Central Chile.
2. Central Chile.
2. Central Chile.
H. N. Ridley, Esq. [P.].
II. N. Ridley, Esq. [P.l
O. V. Aplin, Esq. [C.].
A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.].
Berkeley James Coll.
Berkeley James Coll.
Berkeley James Coll.
Berkeley James Coll.
Berkeley James Coll.
Zenaida runcauda, G. R. Gray.
Zenaida ruficauda, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 543 ; Salvadori, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxi. p. 387 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 77 (1899).
An egg of the Rufous-tailed Dove in the Collection is of a pale
cream-colour, measures 1/2 by *9, and is moderately glossy.
1. Medellin, Antioquia, U.S. Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll.
(T. K. Salmon).
94 PERISTERID^.
Genus MELOPELIA, Bp.
Melopelia leucoptera (Linn.}.
Melopelia leucoptera, Baird, Breiver 8f Ridyw. N. Amer. Birds] iii.
p. 376 (1874) ; Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 145, pi. xi.
tig. 23 (1892) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 392 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 77 (1899).
Three eggs of the White-winged Dove in the Collection measure
respectively : 1-25 by -91 ; T27 by -85 ; 1-19 by -85 ; and are
moderately glossy.
2. N. America (Henshaw Coll.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. N. America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Sub-Family TORTURING.
Genus TURTUR, Selby.
Turtur turtur (Linn.).
Columba turtur, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 58, tab. xi. fig. 5 (1845-54) ;
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 275, pi. Ixvii. fig. iv (1856).
Turtur auritus, Baedeker, EierEur. Vog. tab. 67. fig. 8 (1855-63) ; Saldn,
Ibis, 1859, p. 318; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii.'p. 41
id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 159, pi. 47. fig. 2 (1896).
Ibis, 1859, p. 318; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii.'p. 411, pi. 17 (1884) ;
Eggs of Br
Turtur vulgaris, Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 39 (1876).
Turtur turtur, Sharpe, Ibis, 1891, p. Ill ; Salvadori, Cat'. Birds B. M.
xxi. p. 396 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 77 (1899).
The eggs of the Turtle-Dove are moderately glossy, and measure
from 1*1 to 1-25 in length, and from -85 to -95 in breadth.
6. Cambridgeshire F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
;}. Colefall Wood, Finchley (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Caen Wood, Hampstead (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Suffolk (J. H. Morse). Seebohm Coll.
2. Valkenswaard, Holland, 12th May Seebohm Coll.
(H. T. Wharton $ H. Seebohm).
2. Valkenswaard, 24th May (H. T. W. % Seebohm Coll.
H. S.).
2. Elbouf Forest, France (Noury). Seebohm Coll.
2. Dorpat, Baltic Provs. (Russow). Seebohm Coll.
2. Stolp, Pomerania, 16th June (T. Hoi- Seebohm Coll.
land).
2. Stolp, 16th June (T. H.). Seebohm Coll.
1. Ain Djendeli, Algeria, May (0. Sal- Salvin-Godman Coll.
vin).
5. Fao, Persian Gulf, 16th May. W. D. Gumming, Esq. [P.]-
Fao, 22nd May. W. D. Gumming, Esq. [P.J.
Jasji, Gulf of Oman; April. S. Butcher, Esq. [P.].
TTJRTUR. HOMOrELIA. U5
Turtur isabellinus, Bp.
Turtur sharpii, Shelley, Birds Egypt, p. 215 (1872).
Turtur isabellinus, Shelley, Birds Egypt, p. 216 (1872) ; Dresser, Birds
Eur. vii. p. 49 (1877) ; Salvador*', Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 400
(1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 78 (1899).
The eggs of the Isabelline Turtle-Dove in the Collection are
moderately glossy, and measure respectively : 1*1 by '82 ; 1*03 by
•77 : 1-04 by -83.
1. Egypt, 16th April (Capt. Shelley}. Seebohm Coll.
1. Soudan, 22nd April (W. V.). * Colonel \V. Verner [P.].
Turtur ferrago (Eversm.).
Turtur rupicola, Tacz. J.f. O. 1873, p. 97, tab, ii. fig. 30.
Turtur pulehratus, Leyge, Birds Ceyl. p. 711 (1879).
Turtur pulchrala, Oat'es ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 349 (1890).
Turtur ferrago, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 401 (1893) ; Blanf.
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, iv. p. 41 (1898) : Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. f 8
(1899).
The eggs of the Indian Turtle-Dove are very glossy and measure
from 1/1 to 1*35 in length, and from -85 to 1 in breadth.
1. Kotegurh, N.W. Himalayas, Hume Coll.
14th April.
2. Kotegurh, J 6th April. Hume Coll.
3. Kotegurh, 17th April. Hume Coll.
1. Kotegurh, 16th May. Hume Coll.
2. Kotegurh, 30th May. Hume Coll.
3. Kotegurh, 31st May. Hume Coll.
4. Kotegurh, 7th June. Hume Coll.
2. Kotegurh, 10th June. Hume Coll.
2. Kotegurh, llth June. Hume Coll.
1. Kotegurh, 13th June. Hume Coll.
1. Kotegurh, 16th June. Hume Coll.
1. Kotegurh, 21st June. Hume Coll.
1. Mussoorie (T. Hutton). Hume Coll.
Turtur orientalis (Lath.}.
Turtur meena, Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 350 (1890).
Turtur orientalis, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 403 (1893) ; Blanf.
Fauna Brit. Ind.. Birds, iv. p. 40 (1898) : Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 78
(1899).
The eggs of the Rufous Turtle-Dove are moderately glossy and
measure from 1/06 to 1/15 in length, and from '85 to *95 in breadth.
6. Raipur, India (F. R. Blewitt}. Hume Coll.
Genus HOMOPELIA, Salvad.
Homopelia picturata (Temm.).
Turtur picturatus, Cowan, Proc. R. Phys. Soc. Edin. vii. p. 149 (1882) ;
Milne-Edwards 8f Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois. p. 460, pi. 303.
fig. 11 (1885) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 409 (1893).
Ilomopelia picturata, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 78 (1899).
96 PERISTERIDJE.
The eggs of the Painted Dove measure from 1'22 to 1'36 in
length, and from -88 to 1 in breadth, and are moderately glossy.
6. Betsileo, Madagascar. Kev. W. Deans Cowan [0.].
Genus STREPTOPELIA, Bp.
Streptopelia semitorquata (Riipp.).
Turtur semitorquatus, Sharpens ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 566
(1875-84) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 416 (1893).
Streptopelia semitorquata, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 78 (1899).
The eggs of the Red-eyed Turtle-Dove measure from 1-07 to
1'2 in length, and from -85 to *92 in breadth, and are rather highly
glossy.
3. S. Africa. Gould Coll.
2. S. Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
3. Natal. Capt. Savile Keid [P.].
Streptopelia dussumieri (Temm.).
Turtur dussumieri, Steere, List Birds fy Mamm. Philip, p. 24 (1890) ;
Salvadori, Cat. Birds B.M. xxi. p. 423 (1893).
Streptopelia dussumieri, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 79 (1899).
The eggs of Dussumier's Turtle-Dove in the Collection measure
respectively : T2 by -92 ; 1-23 by '92. They are almost without
gloss.
2. Negros, Philippines, 13th Feb. Steere Exped.
Streptopelia capicola (Finsch fy Hartl.).
Turtur semitorquatus (nee Riipp.}, Gurney, Ibis, 1860, p. 214.
Turtur capicola, Sharpe1 s ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 567 (1875-84) ;
Salvadori, Cat. Birds B.M. xxi. p. 424 (1893).
Streptopelia capicola, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 79 (1899).
Two eggs of the Cape Turtle-Dove in the Collection are very
glossy and measure respectively : 1'4 by *87 ; 1*15 by '88.
2. Transvaal (T. Ayres). Seebokm Coll.
Streptopelia douraca (Hodgs.}.
Columba risoria, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 60, tab. xi. fig. 8 (1845-
54).
Streptopelia risoria, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 67. fig. 9 (1855-63).
Turtur risorius, Layard, Ann. fy Mag. N. H. (2) xiv. p. 59 (1854) ; Beavan,
P. Z. S. 1864, p. 376 ; Tristram, Ibis, 1868, p. 211 ; Dresser, Birds
JEur. vii. p. 51 (1877) ; Gates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. ii.
p. 357 (1890) ; Blanf. Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, iv. p. 46 (1898).
Turtur douraca, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 430 (1893).
Streptopelia douraca, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 79 (1899).
CENOFOPELIA.
97
The eggs of the Indian Ring-Dove in the Collection possess a
comparatively small amount of gloss, and measure from 1*05 to
1-25 in length, and from -85 to 1 in breadth.
1. Palestine (H. B. Tristram).
2. Palestine (H. B. T.).
2. Jericho, April (H. B. T.).
2. Jericho, 21st May (H. B. T.).
4. Sind.
3. Ahmedabad, 23rd April.
1. liajputana, 14th April.
12. Jodhpur, Ist-oth April.
2. Jeypur, 23rd March.
14. Gurgaon Distr., 12th April.
2. Gurgaon Distr., 28th March.
2. Bhurtpur, 28th Jan.
2. Agra, 2Gth July.
2. Agra, llth Aug.
1. Allygurh, July.
15. Etawah, Jan. to March.
1. Futtehpur Sikri, 31st Jan.
4. Allahabad.
2. Bareilly, 23rd June.
1. Maunbhoom, April (R. C. Beavari).
1. Ceylon (E. L. Laijard).
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohui Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Gould Coll.
Hurne Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll,
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Genus (ENOPOPELIA, Blanf.
(Enopopelia tranquebarica (Herm.).
Turtur tranquebaricus, Let/ye, Birds Ceyl. p. 708 (1879) ; Oates ed. Hume,
Nests Sf Eggs 2nd. B. ii. p. 359 (1890) ; Saloadori, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxi. p. 437 (1893).
(Enopopelia tranquebarica, Blanf. Fauna Brit. Ind.t Birds, iv. p. 47, part.
(1898).
Onopopelia tranquebarica, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 79 (1899).
The eggs of the Indian Red Turtle-Dove are tinged with faint
cream-colour. They measure from -98 to 1*1 in length, and from
•75 to *85 in breadth, and are highly glossy.
2. Sikhirn Terai, 15th March. Hume Coll.
2. Sikhim Terai', 16th April. Hume Coll.
2. Sikhim Terai, 14th May. Hume Coll.
1. Gurgaon District, 12th April. Hume Coll.
2. Allygurh, July. Hume Coll.
1. Etawah, llth April ( W. E. Broolts). Hume Coll.
1. Bareilly, 8th May. Hume Coll.
1. Bareilly, 25th May. Hume Col..
2. Bareilly, 26th May. Hume Coll.
1. Bareilly, 3rd June. Hume Coll.
2. Bareilly, 7th June. Hume Coll.
1. Bareilly, 13th June. Hume ColL
2. Futtehpur Sikri, 31st Jan. Hume Coll.
1. Nilghiris, May. Hume Coll.
VOL. I.
98
PEKISTEKID^E.
Genus SPILOPELIA, Sundeu.
Spilopelia chinensis (Scop.).
Turtur chinensis, Surinh. Ibis, 1863, p. 397 ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds fi. M.
xxi. p. 439 (1893).
Spilopelia chinensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 80 (1899).
The eggs of the Chinese Spotted Dove have a moderate amount
of gloss. They measure from 1-1 to 1'24 in length, and from '85
to -9 in breadth.
South China (JR. Sivinhoe}.
South China (R. 8.).
Foochow, March.
Formosa, 13th April (P. A. Hoist}.
Formosa, 20th Aug. (P. A. H.).
Formosa, 25th Aug. (P. A. H.).
Formosa, 21st Oct. (P. A. H.).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Spilopelia tigrina (Temm. $ Knip).
Columba chinensis, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 59, tab. xi. fig. 6
(1845-54).
Spilopelia tigrina, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 349 j id. Hand-l i. p. 80
(1899).
Turtur tigrinus, Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 356 (1890) ;
Salvadori, Cat. Birds B.M. xxi. p. 440 (1893).
The eggs of the Malay Spotted Dove are mostly very glossy, and
measure from 1-05 to 1-25 in length, and from -8 to -9 in breadth.
2. Pegu, 20th June (E. W. Oates}.
1. Pegu, 2nd Aug. (E. W. O.}.
1. Pegu, 20th Sept. (E. W. 0.).
2. Pegu, 1st Nov. (E. W. O.}.
2. Pegu, 6th Dec. (E. W. O.).
2. Pegu, 28th Dec. (E. W. O.).
2. Pegu, 26th Jan. (E. W. 0.).
2. Pegu, 1st Oct. (E. W. O.}.
1. Pegu, 19th Dec. (E. W. O.}.
1. Pegu, llth Jan. (E. W. O.).
1. Pegu, 1st Nov. (E. W. O.).
2. Thoungyin River, Tenasserim,
14th Feb. (C. T. Bingham).
2. Thoungyin River, 27th March
(C. T. B.).
1. Thoungyin River, 19th April
(C. T. B.).
2. Tavoy, Tenasserim, 15th March
(J. Darling}.
2. Pakchan, Tenasserim, 21st Jan.
( W. Davisori).
6. Labuan.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Oates Coll.
Oates Coll.
Oates Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Sir Hugh Low [C.].
SPILOPELIA. STIGMATOPELIA. 99
Spilopelia suratensis (Gin.).
Turtur suratensis, Layard, Ann. $ Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) xiv. p. 60 (1854) ;
Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 705 (1879) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B.
ii. p. 353 (1890) ;. Salvador!, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi, p. 444 (1893).
Spilopelia suratensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 80 (1899).
The eggs of the Indian Spotted Dove are fairly glossy, and measure
from -95 to 1-2 in length, and from '75 to -95 in breadth.
1. Kotegurh, N.W. Himalayas, May. Hume Coll.
1. Jerripani. Hume Coll.
3. Monsrphoo, Sikhim (J. Gammie). Hume Coll.
1. Terai, 24th March. Hume Coll.
1. Terai, 21st April. Hume Coll.
1. Terai, 26th April. Hume CoU.
1. Terai, 2nd May. Hume Coll.
2. Terai, llth Sept. Hume Coll.
3. Lucknow, 21st April. Hume Coll.
1. Lucknow, 9th Aug. Hume Coll.
2. Lucknow, 4th Sept. Hume Coll.
1. Lucknow, 15th Sept. Hume Coll.
1. Bareilly, 28th May. Hume Coll.
1. Mundla, 6th April. Hume Coll.
1. Nilghiris, May. Hume Coll.
1. Kotaoherry, Nilghiris, 16th March Hume Coll.
(Miss Cockburn).
1. Kotagherry, 16th April (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburn).
1. Kotagherry, 15th May (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburn).
1. Ceylon (E. L. Layard). Salvin-Godrnan Coll.
Genus STIGMATOPELIA, Sundeu.
Stigmatopelia senegalensis (Linn.).
Coluniba senegalensis, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 59. tab. xi. tig. 7
(1845-54).
Turtur eegyptiacus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 67. fig. 11 (1855-63).
Columba segyptiaca, Bree, Birds Eur. iii. p. 195, pi. — (1867).
Turtur senegalensis, Tristram, Ibis, 1868, p. 211 ; Ayres, Ibis, 1871,
p. 261 ; Shelley, Birds Egypt, p. 217 (1872) ; Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed.
iv. p. 106, pi. — (1875) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 55 (1876) ;
Sharpe s ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 568 (1875-84) ; Salvadori,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 448 (1893).
Stigmatopelia senegaleusis, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 80 (1899).
The eggs of the Egyptian Turtle-Dove have a fair amount of gloss
and are very variable in size, measuring from -98 to 1*13 in length,
and from '75 to '9 in breadth.
2. Fuerteventura, Canary Is. Capt. Savile Reid [P.].
2. Jericho, 18th April (H. B. Tristram). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Egypt, Feb. (S. S. Allen). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Egypt, March (S. S. A.). Salvin-Goclmau Coll.
4. Egypt (J. H. C. $ S. S. A.). J. H. Cochrane, Esq. [P.].
100
PEKISTERIDJ3.
-2. Egypt, 27th March (G. E. Shelley}.
2. Egypt, 30th March (G. E. £.).
L. South Africa.
2. Transvaal, 16th July (T. Ay res}.
2. Dahamis, Sokotra, 22nd Dec. ( W. E.
Oyiivie Grant Sf H. O. Forbes}.
1. Dahamis, 22nd Dec. ( W. R. O. G. $
H. O. F.}.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Royal Society [P.].
Royal Society [P.].
Stigmatopelia cambayensis (Gm.).
Turtur cambayensis, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Voy. tab. 67. fig. 12 (1855-63) j
Beavan, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 376 ; Salvador!, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi.
p. 451 (1893) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ix. (Suppl~) p. 305 (1896).
Turtur senegalensis, Gates ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs 2nd. B. ii. p. 351 (1890).
Stigmatopelia cambayensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 80 (1899).
The eggs of the Little Brown Dove are very glossy, and measure
from *88 to 1*2 in length, and from *75 to -9 in breadth.
2. Kotegurh, N.W. Himalayas, 16th &
17th April.
, 2. Jerripani, Mussoorie.
2. Sind.
7. Rajputana, 14th April.
2. Jodhpur, 1st April.
1 . Jodhpur, 2nd April.
6. Jodhpur, 3rd April.
4. Ahmedabad, 21st April.
2. Gurgaon Distr., 28th March.
2. Kootub, 14th April.
1. Agra, 25th July.
1. Etawah, 27th Jan. (A. O. Hume}.
1. Etawah, 28th Feb. (A. O. H.).
1. Etawah, 4th March (A. O. H.}.
2. Etawah, 6th April (A. O. H.).
2. Etawah, 10th April (A. O. H.}.
3. Etawah, 13th April (A. O. H.).
3. Etawah, 17th April (A. O. H.}.
1. Lucknow, 5th July.
2. Lucknow, 9th Sept.
2. Maunbhoom (JR. C. Beavan).
2. Salem, Madras, 15th July.
1. Salem, Aug.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Gould Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Sub-Family GEOPELIIJSLE.
Genus GEOPELIA, Swains.
Geopelia humeralis (Temm.).
Erythrauchsena humeralis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 142 (1865);
Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 49 (1883) ; North, Nests &
Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 277 (1889).
Geopelia humeralis, Salvador i, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 455 (1893) '
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 80 (1899).
GEOPELIA. — COLUMBULA. — Ct
The single egg of the Barred-shouldered Dove in the Collection
measures 1/17 by -8, and is almost glossless.
1. Lizard Island, N.E. Australia,1 Gould Coll.
Aug. (J. Macgillivray}.
Geopelia striata (Linn.}.
Columba striata, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 60, tab. xi. fig. 10 (1845-
54).
Geopelia striata, Hume fy Dav. Stray Feath. vi. p. 423 (1878) ; Milne-
Edwards 8? Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois. ii. p. 469, pi. 303.
fig. 10 (1885) ; Saloadori, Cat. Birds E. M. xxi. p. 458 (1893) ;
Skarpe, Hand-l i. p. 80 (1899).
The single egg of the Barred Ground-Dove in tho Collection
measures -82 by -64, and is slightly glossy.
1. Tonka Island, Malay Peninsula, Hume Coll.
4th Feb. ( W. Damson).
Sub-Family PERISTERIN^.
Genus COLUMBULA, Bp.
Columbula picui (Temm.).
Columbula picui, Scl. $ Huds. Argent. Orn. ii. p. 143 (1889) ; Holland,
Ibis, 1892, p. 209 ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 470 (1893) ;
Skarpe, Hand-l. i. p. 81 (1899).
The eggs of the Picui Dove are glossy, and measure from -9 to
•97 in length, and from -65 to '7 in breadth.
-5. Argentine Republic, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.].
Genus CHAlYLffiPELIA, Swains.
Chamaepelia passerina (Linn.).
Chamjepelia passerina, Scl. $ Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 223; 1860, p. 45;
Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, iii. p. 389 (1874) ; Cory,
Birds Bahama Isls. p. 139 (1880) ; .Reid, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus.
no. 25, p. 225 (1884) ; Feilden, Ibis, 1889, p. 490 ; Salvadori, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxi. p. 473 (1893) ; Skarpe, Hand-l. i. p. 81 (1899).
Chamsepelia trochila, A. $ E. Newton, Ibis, 1859, p. 253. ^
Columbigallina passerina, Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 148
(1892).
The eggs of the American Ground-Dove are highly glossy, and
vary from -8 to -95 in length, and from -62 to '67 in breadth.
8. N. America. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Texas (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Dueiias, Guatemala, 7th March Salvin-Godman Coll.
(O. Salvin).
102 , PERISTEEIP2E.
4. St. Croix, W. Indies (A. $E. Newton). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. St. Croix, 26th June (A. $ E. N.). Salvin-Godmau Coll.
3. Jamaica. H. B. Hutton, Esq. [P.].
8. Barbados, May. Col. H. W. Feilden [P.],
4. Bermuda. Capt. Savile Reid [P.]. .
Chamaepelia cruziana (d'Orb.).
Cham&pelia cruziana, ScL P. Z. S. 1867, p. 989 ; Salvador!, Cat. Bird*
B. M. xxi. p. 483 (1893) j Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 82 (1899).
The single egg of the Garnet-banded Dove in the Collection
measures 1 by '72, and is very glossy.
1. Peru (H. Whitely). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Genus METRIOPELIA, Bp.
Metriopelia melanoptera (Mol.).
Metriopelia melanoptera, Scl. $• Huds. Argent. Orn. ii. p. 142 (1889) ;
James, New List of Chilian Birds, p. 10 (1892) ; Salvation, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxi. p. 497 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 83 (1899).
The three eggs of the Black-winged Dove in the Collection
measure respectively: 1-04 by -83 ; 1-01 by -8 ; 1-08 by 78, and
are very glossy.
2. Central Chile, Nov. Berkeley James Coll.
1. Central Chile, Nov. Berkeley James Coll.
Sub-Family PHABIN^E.
Genus (ENA, Settyy.
(Ena capensis (Linn.).
(Ena capensis, Sharpens ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 572 (1875-84) ;
Cowan, Proc. R.Plnjs. Soc. Edin. vii. p. 149 (1882) ; Milne- Ediuards
Sf Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madaa., Ois. ii. p. 465 (1885) ; Salvadori,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 501 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 83 (1899).
The eggs of the Long-tailed African Dove are cream-coloured.
Two specimens, however, from Madagascar are pale bluish white,
of unusually large size and of a pointed oval shape. The authen-
ticity of these may be questioned They measure '91 by *64 and
•95 by *65 respectively. The other examples in the Collection
measure '8 by *6. They have a moderate amount of gloss.
1. Africa. Old Collection.
2. S. Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
1. Soudan, 22nd April. Col. W. Verner [P.J.
2. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [P.],
TTMPANISTRIA. CHALCOPHAPS. PHAPS. 103
Genus TYMPANISTBJA, ReicJienb.
Tympanistria tympanistria (Temm. <$f Knip).
Peristera tympanistria, Gurney, Ibis, 1860, p. 214.
Tympanistria tympanistria, Sharpe s ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 571
(1884) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 504 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 83 (1899).
The sole egg of the White-breasted Wood-Dove in the Collection
is cream-coloured and measures "95 by '73. It has very little
gloss.
1. Natal. T. Ayres, Esq. [0.].
Genus CHALCOPHAPS, Gould.
Chalcophaps chrysochlora, Wagler.
Chalcophaps chrysochlora, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 118 (1865) ;
North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 271 (1889) ; Salvadori, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxi. p. 511 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 83 (1899).
The three eggs of the Australian Bronze-winged Dove are glossy
and measure respectively : 1-15 by '85 ; 1*18 by -89 ; I'lo by *87.
1. Moreton Bay, N.E. Australia. Gould Coll.
2. Port Essington, N. Australia. Gould Coll.
Chalcophaps indica (Linn.).
(Plate VIII. figs. 2 & 3.)
Chalcophaps indica, Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 714 (1879) ; Dates ed. Hume,
Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 363 (1890) ; Steere, List Birds fy Mamm.
Philip, p. 24 (1890); Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 514
(1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 84 (1899).
The eggs of the Indian Bronze-winged Dove are either pure
white or cream-coloured. They measure from 1*02 to 1'19 in length,
and from '78 to '9 in breadth, and are highly glossy.
2. Mussoorie (T. Hutton). Hume Coll.
2. Curzon, Nilghiris, 3rd May. Hume Coll.
2. Curzon, 5th May. Hume Coll.
2. Nicobars, 17th Feb. ( W. Davison). Hume Coll.
1. Nicobars, 1st March ( W. D.}. Hume Coll.
2. Sinzaway, Tenasserim, 28th April Hume Coll.
(C. T. Bingham).
•2. Klang, Malay Peninsula ( W. Z>.). Hume Coll.
2. Mindoro Isl., Philippines, June. Steere Exped.
Genus PHAPS, Sefty.
Phaps chalcoptera (Lath.).
Columba chalcoptera, Thien. Fortpfanz. ges. Vog. p. 56, tab. xi. fig. 1
(1845-54).
104 PEEISTERIDJE.
Peristera chalcoptera, Baedeker, EierEur. Vog. tab. 67. fig. 14 (1855-63).
Phaps chalcoptera, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 122 (1865) ; Camp-
bell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 48 (1883) ; North, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 273 (1889) ; Salvador!, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 526
(1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 84 (1899).
The four eggs of the Common Australian Bronze-winged Dove in
the Collection are glossy and measure respectively : 1-37 by '97 ;
1-35 by -97; 1-4 by 1 ; 1-35 by 1.
1. Australia. Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Australia. Gould Coll.
2. S. Australia. Gould Coll.
Phaps elegans (Temm. $• Knip).
Phaps elegans, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 125 (1865) ; Campbell,
Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 49 (1883) ; North, Nests fy Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 274 (1889) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 527 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 84 (1899).
The four eggs of the Brush Bronze- winged Dove in the Collection
are glossy and measure respectively : 1-35 by *95 ; 1*3 by *95 ;
1-28 by -94; 1-36 by -92.
4. Australia. Gould Coll.
Genus HISTRIOPHAPS, Salvad.
Histriophaps histrionica (Gould}.
Phaps histrionica, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 127 (1865) ; North,
Nests # Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 274 (1889).
Histriophaps histrionica, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 529 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 84 (1899).
The two eggs of the Harlequin Bronze-winged Dove in the
Collection measure respectively : 1*28 by 1 ; 1'23 by '9, and are
moderately glossy.
1. Interior of Australia ( White). Gould Coll,
1. Australia ( White). Gould Coll.
Genus GEOPHAPS, Gould.
Geophaps scripta (Temm.).
Geophaps scripta, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 130 (1865) ; Camp-
bell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 49 (1883) ; North, Nests # Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 275 (1889) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 531
(1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 85 (1899).
The eggs of the Partridge Bronze-winged Dove are glossy, and
measure from 1-12 to 1-27 in length, and from -85 to -93 in
bi eadth.
3. Australia. Gould Coll.
2. Liverpool Plains, Australia. Gould Coll.
1. Laid in confinement (Zoological Zool. Society.
Gardens, London).
OC YPHAPS. LEPTOPTILA . G EOTRYGON. 1 05
Genus OCYPHAPS, Gould.
Ocyphaps lophotes (Temm.).
Ocyphaps lophotes, Baedeker. Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 67. fig. 13 (1855-63) ;
Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 139 (1865) ; Campbell, Nests $
Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 49 (1883) ; North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds,
p. 277 (1889) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 535 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l i. p. 85 (1899).
The eggs of the Crested Bronze-winged Dove are glossy, and
measure from 1-22 to 1*27 in length, and from -9 to -96 in breadth.
1. Australia. Gould Coll.
1. Australia, June. Gould Coll.
2. S. Australia. Gould Coll.
1. Australia. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Sub-Family GEOTRYGONIN^E.
Genus LEPTOPTILA, Sivains.
Leptoptila folviventris, Lawr.
Leptoptila albifrons, Set. $ Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 222.
Engvptila albifrons, Bendire, Life Hist. N. A. Birds, i. p. 144, pi. ii.
'fig. 22 (1892).
Leptoptila brachyptera, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 545 (1893).
Leptoptila fulviventris, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 86 (1899).
The sole egg of the White-fronted Dove in the Collection
measures 1*45 by 1'02, and is moderately glossy.
1. Duenas, Guatemala, 31st May. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Leptoptila cerviniventris, Scl. $ Salv.
Leptoptila cerviniventris, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 561 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 87 (1899).
The eggs of the Vinous-bellied Dove in the Collection are
moderately glossy, creamy white in colour, and measure respectively :
1-15 by -88 ; 1-17 by -86.
2. Cayo, British Honduras, June Salvin-Godman Coll.
(F. Blancaneaux).
Genus GEOTRYGON, Gosse.
Geotrygon montana (Linn.).
(Plate VIII. fig. 1.)
Geotrygon montana, Gosse, B. Jamaica, p. 320 (1847); Lister, Ibis,
1880, p. 43; Bendire t Life Hist. N. A. Bird*, i. p. 154, pi. ii.
fi°r. 26 (1892) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 567 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 87 (1899).
Geotrygon montanus, Salv. ty Scl. Ibis, 1860, p. 401.
106
The eggs of the Ruddy Quail-Dove vary from cream-colour to
salmon-buff, are moderately glossy, and measure from 1*04 to 1*16
in length, and from *83 to *9 in breadth. It has not been recorded
that the eggs of this Dove are ever white, but they probably are
of that colour when first laid.
1. N. America. H. F. Walter, Esq. [P.].
1. San Christobal, Cuba (O. F. Gaumer}. Sal vin-Godman Coll.
3. Guatemala. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Genus PHLOGCENAS, Reichenb.
Phlogcenas samoensis, Finsch.
Phlegcenas stairi, Whitmee, Ibis, 1875, p. 445.
Phlogcenas samoensis, Salvadori, Cat. Birds E. M. xxi. p. 596 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 89 (1899).
The egg of Stair's Ground-Dove in the Collection measures 1*24
by '93, and is almost glossless.
1. Samoa. Rev. S. J. Whitmee [C.].
Genus LEUCOSARCIA, Gould.
Leucosarcia picata (Lath.}.
Leucosarcia picata, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 120 (1865) ; Camp-
bell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 48 (1883) ; North, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 272 (1889) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 607
(1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 90 (1899).
The two eggs of the Wonga-wonga Pigeon in the Collection
measure respectively: 1-6 by 1'18 ; 1-62 by 1-15, and have little
or no gloss.
2. Moreton Bay, N.E. Australia. Gould Coll.
Sub-Family CALCENADIN^E.
Genus CALCENAS, Gray.
Caloenas nicobarica (Linn.}.
Calcenas nicobarica, Gates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. ii. p. 365
(1890) ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 615 (1893) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 91 (1899).
The two eggs of the Nieobar Pigeon in the Collection are glossy,
and measure respectively : 1*84 by 1*25 ; 1*7 by 1*32.
1. Batty Malve, Nicobars, 18th March Hume Coll.
( W. Damson).
1. Louisiade Archipelago, New Guinea. Zool. Society.
DIDUNCULID.I:. 107
Family GOURID^.
Genus GOURA, StepU.
Goura coronata (Linn.}.
Goura coronata, Wallace, Ibis, 1865, p. 395 ; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxi. p. 620 (1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 91 (1899).
The egg of the Common Crowned Pigeon in the Collection
measures 2-27 by 1'62, and is moderately glossy.
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, Zool. Society.
London).
Goura victoria (Fraser).
Goura victoria, Meyer, Sitz. u. Abh. Ges. Isis, 1884, Abh. i. p. 52 ;
Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 624 (1893) j Sharps, Hand-l i.
p. 91 (1899).
The egg of the Victoria Crowned Pigeon in the Collection is
glossy, and measures 1'95 by 1-45.
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, Salvin-Godman Coll.
London).
Family DIDUNCULID^E.
Genus DIDUNCULUS, Pedle.
Didunculus strigirostris (Jard.}.
Didunculus strigirostris, Finsch $ Hartl. Fauna Centralpotyn. p. 150, t. iii.
fig. 1 (1867) ; Newton, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 164, pi. xv. %. 6 ; Whitmee,
P. Z. S. 1874, p. 183; Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 626
(1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 92 (1899).
The egg of the Tooth-billed Pigeon in the Collection is but
slightly glossy, and measures 1-78 by 1*2 *.
1. Laid on board ship. A. D. Bartlett, Esq.
* The egg of this species, as figured by Messrs. Finsch and Hartlaub (I. c.),
is of a dark brown colour. The specimen in the Collection is white.
108 OPISTHOCOMID^.
Order OPISTHOCO MIFORME S.
The eggs of Opisthocomus hoazin, the sole representative of the
Order, closely resemble the eggs of some of the Rails, especially
those of the Hypotcenidia group, and, like them, are double-spotted.
Family OPISTHOCOMID^E.
Genus OPISTHOCOMUS, lUiger.
Opisthocomus hoazin (P. L. S. Mull).
Opisthocomus cristatus, Newton, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 164, pi. xv. fig. 7 ;
Cabanis, J. f. 0, 1870, p. 318, taf. i. fig. 3 ; Quelch, Ibis, 1890,
p. 327.
Opisthocomus hoazin, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxii. p. 524 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 93 (1899).
The eggs of the Hoatzin are fairly smooth, have little or no gloss,
and vary in shape from the elliptical to the broad oval. They are
of a pinkish cream-colour, marked with dots, smears, and blotches
of pale lavender and reddish brown. The markings are generally
more thickly clustered at one end of the egg than elsewhere.
Specimens measure from 1-62 to T84 in length, and from 1-25 to
1-31 in breadth.
5. Deinerara. J. J. Quelch, Esq. [P.].
2. British Guiana (J. J. Quelch). P. L. Sclater, Esq. [P.].
Order RALLIFORMES.
The eggs of the Rails and Coots are for the most part double-
spotted, but many exceptions occur, some being plain white, and
others so densely marked with surface streaks and spots that no
traces of the underlying markings are visible.
The texture of the shell is generally smooth, but many examples
exhibit a certain roughness. The amount of gloss is variable.
Normally, the eggs of the Rails are of a regular oval form, but
those of some species are elliptical, biconical, or even spheroidal.
EALLIDJi.
Family KALLID^E.
Sub-Family RALLIN^E.
Genus RALLUS, Linn.
Kallus elegans, Audul.
Rallus elegans, Baird, Brewer $• Ridaw. Water Birds N. Am. i. p. 353-
(1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 8 (1894) ; id. Hand-l. i.
p. 9:3 (1899).
The eggs of the King-Rail, or Great Eed-breasted Rail, are mostly
of a regular oval form, with very little gloss. They vary from
cream-colour to pale pinkish buff and they are spotted and blotched
with reddish brown and pale purple. The markings are small
and sparingly distributed over the shell. At the broader end, how-
ever, they are frequently of larger size and confluent. Numerous
examples measure from 1'55 to 1/8 in length, and from 1'15
to 1'25 in breadth.
1. N. America.
1. N. America (Henshaw Coll.).
3. N. America (Henshaiv Coll.).
4. N. America, June (G. Hitz ; Hen-
shaw Coll.).
3. N. America (Smiths. Inst.).
1. Chicago (Henshaw Coll.).
4. Illinois (JR. Kennicott: Henshaw Coll.}.
4. New Jersey (Smiths. Inst.).
A. D. Bartlett, Esq.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Rallus crepitans, Gm.
Rallus londrostris (nee Bodd.), Baird, Brewer $• Ridgw. Water Birds
N. Am. i. p. 358 (1884).
Rallus crepitans, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 12 (1894) : id.
Hand-l. i. p. 94 (1899).
The eggs of the Clapper Rail resemble those of R. eleyans in
colour, but they vary more in shape and size. They measure from
1-4 to 1-95 in length, and from 1 to 1-22 in breadth.
Cobb's Island, Virginia, May.
Cobb's Island, 25th June.
Cobb's Island, 5th July.
Barnesrat Bay, New Jersey,
12th June.
Barnegat Bay, 13th July.
Little Egg Harbour, New Jersey,
26th June.
Little Egg Harbour, 26th June.
Little Egg Harbour, 26th June.
Little Egg Harbour, 26th June.
Little Egg Harbour, 26th June.
W. E. D. Scott, Esq. [C.].
110 KALLID^l.
Rallus virginianus, Linn.
(Plate IX. fig. 1.)
Rallus virginianus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. i.
p. 363 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 16 (1894) ; id.
Hand-l. i. p. 94 (1899).
The eggs of the Virginia, or Little Red-breasted, Rail are of an
oval shape with a tendency to the pyriform. They have a consider-
able amount of gloss. The ground is cream-coloured and this is
delicately marked with small well-defined spots of rufous and
pale purple, which are more frequent at the large end than else-
where. The eggs measure from 1*2 to 1*35 in length, and from
•92 to -95 in breadth.
1. N. America. A. D. Bartlett, Esq.
2. N. America (Henshaiu Coll.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. N. America (Smiths. Inst.*). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Wisconsin (T. M. Brewer). Sahdn-Godman Coll.
Rallus antarcticus, King.
(Plate IX. fig. 4.)
Rallus antarcticus, Scl. fy Huds. Argent. Orn. ii. p. 148 (1889) ; James,
New List of Chilian Birds, p. 10 (1892) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxiii. p. 19 (1894) ; id. Hand-l. i. p. 94 (1899).
The eggs of the Antarctic Rail are of a broad oval form and they
have little gloss. The ground is of a delicate pinkish-cream colour
and this is sparingly spotted, except at the large end where the
markings are more numerous, with rufous and pale purple. A few
specimens are also marked at the large end with some twisted
rufous lines. They measure from 1*62 to 1*75 in length, and
from 1-2 to 1-25 in breadth.
8. Central Chile, Oct. Berkeley James Coll.
Rallus aquations, Linn.
Rallus aquatic us, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Vog. tab. Ixxii. fig. 2, a-e
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, EierEur. Vog. tab. 44. fig. 1 (1855-63) ; Hewit-
son, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 373, pi. cv. fig. i (1856) ; Salvin, Ibis,
1859, p. 360 ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 225 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. vii.
p. 257 (1878); Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 552, pi. 23 (1884);
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 20 (1894) ; Irby, Orn. Str. Gibr.
2nd ed. p. 246 (1895); Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 86, pi. 22.
fig. 3 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 94 (1899).
The eggs of the Water-Rail are normally of a regular oval form,
but some are almost perfect ellipses. The amount of gloss is very
variable, some possessing it in a high degree and others wanting it.
The ground varies from a pinkish cream to a pale pinkish-buff
colour, and this is marked with pale purple and reddish brown of
different shades. The markings, as a rule, consist of small, well-
defined specks and spots intermingled with a few small blotches,
and they are more frequent at the large end, where they are often
confluent. Specimens measure from 1*25 to 1*5 in length, and from
•95 to 1-1 in breadth.
LIMNOrARDALIS. HYPOTJ3NIDIA.
Ill
Iceland, 23rd June.
Rathlin Island (JR. Greenwood).
Lismore, Ireland.
Garryduff, Waterford, 20th April
(JR. J. Ussher).
Scotland.
Valkenswaard, Holland, 28th May
(H. Seebohm}.
Valkenswaard, 29th May (H. S.).
Spain, 23rd April (H. Saunders).
Malaga, 14th May.
Casas Viej as, Cadiz, May (L. H. Irby) .
Zana, Algeria, June (0. Salviri).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
R. J. Ussher, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Genus LIMNOPARDALIS, Cab.
Limnopardalis sanguinolentus (Swains.}.
Rallus sanguinolentus, Yarr. P. Z. S. 1847, p. 54.
Rallus rhytirhynchus, Sd. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 990 ; James t New
List of Chilian Birds, p. 10 (1892).
Limnopardalus sanguinolentus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 30
(1894).
Limnopardalis sanguinolentus, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 95 (1899).
The eggs of the Blood-spotted Rail resemble those of Rallus
aquaticus. An example from Peru is large, measuring 1-43 by 1-03 ;
Chilian eggs are smaller, measuring from 1-25 to 1 '37 in length,
and from '93 to *95 in breadth. Yarrell (I. c.) gives the dimensions
of an egg of this species as 1'S by 1*25. Skins of L. sanguinolentus t
procured by Mr. Whitely in Peru and Mr. James in Central Chile,
are in the collection of the British Museum, and serve to confirm
the authenticity of the eggs found by these naturalists in Peru and
Chile respectively.
1. Peru (H. Whitehj).
4. Central Chile (Landbeck).
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Berkeley James Coll.
Genus HYPOTJENIDIA, Reichenb.
The eggs of the Rails of this genus are normally of a very broad
oval form, sometimes truly elliptical and, not unfrequently,
spheroidal. The amount of gloss is very variable, even among the
eggs of the same species.
Hypotsenidia striata (Linn.).
Rallus striatus, Swinh. Ibis, 1863, p. 427.
Hypotsenidia striata, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 352 ; Hume $ Marsh.
The eggs of the Blue-breasted Banded Rail vary from a pinkish
white to a salmon-pink or pinkish buff. The markings, which are
pretty evenly distributed over the whole shell, consist of specks,
112
streaks and blotches varying from pale rufous to bright reddish
brown, and underlying pale purple. In some the markings are
small; in others they are large and often confluent, especially
at the large end. Specimens measure from 1-3 to 1-4 in length,
and from -95 to I'lo in breadth.
1. Belgaum, 15th Aug. (E. A. Sutler). Hume Coll.
5. Belgaum, 15th Aug. (E. A. B.). Hume Coll.
1. Wynaad, 26th Aug. Hume Coll.
4. Sylhet, 22nd June (J. R. Cripps). Hume Coll.
5. Pegu, 25th June (E. W. Gates). Hume Coll.
4. Pegu, 6th July (E. W. 0.). Hume Coll.
2. Pegu, 15th July (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
2. Pegu, 17th July (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
4. Pegu, 1st Aug. (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
3. Pegu, 3rd Sept. (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
5. Pegu, 10th Sept. (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
3. Pegu, 1st Oct. (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
2. Pegu, llth Oct. (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
2. Pegu, 1st Sept. (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
3. Pegu, 10th Sept. (E. W. O.). Seebohm Coll.
12. Labuan. Sir Hugh Low [C.].
2. Formosa (R. Swinhoe). Seebohm Coll.
Hypotaenidia obseurior, Hume.
Hypota3iiidia obscuriora, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 253
(1879) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 400 (1890).
Hypotaenidia obseurior, Sliarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 37 (1894):
id. Hand-l. i. p. 95 (1899).
The eggs of the Andamanese Banded Rail are of a bright salmon-
pink, marked with blotches of pale purple and reddish brown. The
two sets of markings blend together and are scattered evenly over
the whole egg.
The two examples in the Collection measure respectively 1-30
by I'l and 1'43 by 1-1 ; but Mr. Hume, writing of a considerable
series, states that the eggs vary from 1-38 to 1-48 in length, and
from 1-05 to 1-14 in breadth.
2. Aberdeen, Andamans (R. J. Wim- Hume Coll.
berley).
Hypotaenidia brachypus (Swains.).
Rallus brachipus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 336 (1865) ; Camp-
bell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 61 (1883) ; North, Nests $ Egg*
Austr. Birds, p. 329 (1889).
Hypotaem'dia brachypus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 37 (1894) ;
id. Hand-l i. p. 96 (1899).
The eggs of Le win's Water-Rail in the Collection are similar
to many of those of H. striata. The markings are of small size
and evenly distributed over the shell. The measurements of two
specimens are respectively : 1*3 by '98 ; 1-28 by '98.
1. Australia ( Wilson). Gould Coll.
1. Tasmania, 30th Oct. Gould Coll.
HYPOTJENIDIA. — ETJLABEORNIS. ARAMIDES. 113
Hypotsenidia philippinensis (Linn.).
Hypotaenidia pliilippensis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 334 (1865) ;
Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 01 (1883) j North, Nests $
Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 328 (1889).
liallus pectoralis, Finsch # Hartl. Fauna Cetitralpolyn. p. 157, tab. iii. fig. 3
(1807) ; Button, Tr. N. Z. Inst. iii. p. Ill (1870) ; Whitmee, Ibis,
1875, p. 446.
Rallus pliilippensis, Butler, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 95 (1888).
Hypotaenidia philippinensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 39 (1894) ;
id. Hand-l, i. p. 96 (1899).
The eggs of the Pectoral Rail vary from pinkish white to rather
bright salmon-pink, and the markings, which consist of well-defined
spots and blotches and sometimes of streaks, are pale purple and
reddish brown. Both sets of markings are most numerous at the
large end. Specimens measure from 1*35 to T67 in length, and
from 1-1 to 1'2 in breadth.
1. Laid in coutinement(Lilford Aviaries). Lord Lilford [P.],
1. Moreton Bay, N.E. Australia. Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Moreton Bay. Gould Coll.
3. Australia. ' Gould Coll.
5. Samoa (S. J. Whitmee). Seebohm Coll.
2. Samoa. Rev. S. J. Whitmee [C.
7. Samoa, Oct. Rev. S. J. Whitmee [C
J
Genus EULABEORNIS, Gould.
Eulabeornis castaneiventer, Gould.
Eulabeornis castaneiventris, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 338 (1865) ;
Campbell, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 01 (1883) ; Meyer, Zeitschr.
ges. Orn. i. p. 294, tab. 17. tig. 3 (1884) ; North, Nests 8f Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 331 (1889) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 49 (1894).
Eulabeornis castaneiventer, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 97 (1899).
The single egg of the Chestnut-bellied Wood-Rail in the Collection
is almost elliptical in shape and possesses little gloss. The ground is
cream-coloured, and this is rather thickly speckled and blotched, in
a somewhat streaky manner, with deep reddish brown and pale
purple. It measures 2-15 by 1*45.
1. Port Essiugton, N. Australia. Gould Coll.
Genus ARAMIDES, Pucker.
Ar amides albiventris, Lawr.
(Plate IX. fig. 9.)
Aramides albiventris, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1 868, p. 447 ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B.M. xxiii. p. 59 (1894) ; id. Hand-l. i. p. 98 (1899).
The eggs of the W7hite-bellied Wood-Rail are oval or sometimes bi-
conical in form and. have but a slight gloss. The ground is of a creamy-
white colour, and this is spotted and speckled with reddish brown
VOL. i. i
114
and blotched with underlying pale purple. They closely resemble
those of the Rails of the genus Rallus. Four examples measure
respectively : 2'01 by 1-3 ; 2 by 1-42 ; 1-99 by 1-43 ; 2'04 by 1-38.
4. British Honduras, May (F. Blanca- Salvin-Godman Coll.
neaux).
Ar amides ypacaha ( Vieill.).
Aramides ypacaha, Scl. fy Huds. Argent. Orn. ii. p. 150 (1889) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 60 (1894) ; Blaauw, Bull. B. O. C. vii.
p. xliii (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 98 (1899).
The eggs of the Ypacaha Wood-Rail are of a broad oval form.
The ground is of a pinkish cream-colour and the markings resemble
those on the eggs of A. albiventris, but are larger and coarser.
Three specimens measure respectively : 2'OS by 1'6 ; 2-1 by 1*55 ;
2-15 by 1-58.
1. Laid in confinement (Holland). F. E. Blaauw, Esq. [P.].
2. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, Zool. Society.
London).
Genus OCYDROMUS, Wagler.
Ocydromus australis (Sparrm.}.
Ocydromus australis, Potts, Tr. N. Z. Inst. ii. p. 70 (1869), iii. p. 100
(1870) ; Bulkr, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 116 (1888) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 64 (1894) ; Blaauw, Bull. B. O. C. vii.
p. xliii (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 98 (1899).
The eggs of the New Zealand South-Island Wood-hen vary from a
narrow to a broad oval form and have little gloss. They closely
resemble the eggs of Aramides ypacaha and measure from 2'15 to
2*4 in length, and from 1*47 to 1-65 in breadth.
1. New Zealand. Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. New Zealand. Capt. Stokes [P.].
2. New Zealand, Feb. Dr. Lyall [P.].
2. Canterbury, South Island, New Capt. R. Snow [P.].
Zealand.
4. Laid in confinement (Holland). F. E. Blaauw, Esq. [P.].
Genus DRYOLIMNAS, Sharpe.
Dryolimnas cuvieri (Pucher.}.
Rallus gularis, Cowan, Proc. R. Phys. Soc. Edin. vii. p. 149 (1882) ;
Milne-Edwards fy Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois. ii. p. 569,
pi. 306. fig. 2 (1885).
Dryolimnas cuvieri, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 70 (1894) : id.
Hand-l. i. p. 99 (1899).
The eggs of the Madagascar Rail are broad oval, sometimes
almost spheroidal, in shape, and of a pale creamy-white colour, with
pale purple shell-markings and reddish-brown surface-markings.
. CA.STANOLIMNAS. — CREX. 115
Both sets are small, well-defined, and sparingly distributed over
the shell. Six examples measure from 1*6 to 1'65 in length, and
from 1-25 to 1-28 in breadth.
6. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [C.].
Genus CASTANOLIMNAS, Sharpe.
Castanolimnas canning! (Blytli).
Rallina canningi, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 241 (1879) ;
Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 398 (1890).
Castanolimnas canningi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 80 (1894) ;
id. Hand-l. i. p. 100 (1899).
The eggs of the Andamanese Banded Crake are of a very broad
oval or spheroidal form, and are of a pinkish-buff colour, marked
with numerous large pale purple, reddish-brown, and maroon-brown
dashes and blotches.. The two sets of markings are spread over the
whole shell, but more thickly at the large end than elsewhere. The
four examples in the Collection measure respectively: 1*45 by 1*1 ;
1-35 by 1-05 ; 1-42 by 1-12 ; 1-45 by 1-14.
4. Port Blair, Andaroans, 16th July Hume Coll.
(F. A. de Roepstorff}.
Genus CREX, BecTist.
Crex crex (Linn.}.
Rallus crex, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Vog. tab. Ixxii. fig. 3, a-c (1845-54).
Crex pratensis, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 44. fig. 5 (1855-63) ; Hewit-
son, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 372, pi. cv. fig. ii (1856) ; Dresser, Birds
Eur. vii. p. 291 (1878) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 535, pi. 23
(1884) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 83, pi. 22. fig. 9 (1896).
€rex crex, Sharpe, 'Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 82 (1894) ; id. Hand-l. i.
p. 100 (1899).
The eggs of the Corn- Crake are generally of a broad oval form,
but elliptical examples are frequent. The ground varies from a
.creamy white to a pale buff, and it is occasionally of a pale bluish-
white colour. This is marked, rather indistinctly, with small
blotches of very pale purple, and with specks, spots, streaks, and
blotches of reddish brown. Both sets of markings are somewhat
sparingly scattered over the shell except at the larger end, where
they are numerous and frequently confluent. On some specimens
the markings consist entirely of fine dots. The eggs measure from
1'35 to 1*5 in length, and from 1 to 1*1 in breadth.
2. Balmacara, Ross-shire (D. Chisholm : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.}.
5. Drumnadrochit, Inverness (A. Law- Seebohm Coll.
ler : Hargitt Coll.}.
2. Drumnadrochit (A. Lender: Hargitt Seebohm Coll.
Coll.}.
116 RALLID^I.
10. Northamptonshire, 27th June. Col. L. H. Irby [P.].
12. Cambridgeshire (W. Farren). Salvin-Godman Coll.
9. Churt, Surrey. Gould Coll.
4. Sherwood Forest (H. Seebohm). Seebohm Coll.
1. Christiansund, Norway, June. Bernhard Hanson [C.].
7. Livonia, Baltic Pro vs. (Russoiv). Seebohm Coll.
6. Pomerania, 20th June (T. Holland}. Seebohm Coll.
5. Pomerania, 20th June (T. H.). Seebohm Coll.
Genus ZAPORNIA, Leach.
Zapornia parva (Scop.).
Gallinula minuta, Thien. Fwtpflanz. yes. Voy. tab. Ixxiii. fig. 3 (1845-
54).
Zapornia minuta, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Voy. tab. 44. fig. 4 (1855-63).
(lallinula pusilla, Kutter, J.f. 0. 1865, p. 334.
Porzana parva, Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 283 (1878).
Crex parva, Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 547, pi. 23 (1884) ; id. Eyys of
Brit. Birds, p. 85, pi. 22. fig. 6 (1896).
Zapornia parva, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 89 (1894) ; id. Hand-l.
i. p. 101 (1899).
The eggs of the Little Crake vary from a regular oval to a
hiconical shape and are fairly glossy. They are quite abnormal in
their coloration. The ground is of a buif or yellowish-brown colour,
hut this is almost entirely concealed by specks, spots and streaks
of rufous brown of various shades. The four specimens in the
Collection measure respectively : 1-27 by '9 ; 1-25 by -9 ; T25 by
•85 ; 1-3 by -85.
1. Crimea, 27th May. Seebohm Coll.
3. Sarepta, S. Russia (Dr. Stader: Seebohm Coll.
Haryitt Coll.}.
Genus PORZANA, Vieill.
Porzana porzana (Linn.).
Gallinula porzana. Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Voy. tab. Ixxiii. fig. 1 a-e
(1845-54).
Porzana maruetta, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Voy. tab. 44. fig. 2 (1855-C3) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. vii.p. 267 (1878) ; Hume 8f Marsh. Game Birds
2nd. ii. p. 213 (1879).
Crex porzana, Heivit^on, Lyc/s of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 375, pi. cvi. fig. ii
(1856) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 540, pi. 23 (1884) ; id. Eyys of
Brit. Birds, p. 84, pi. 22. fig. 1 (1896).
Porzana porzana, tSJtaipe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 93 (1894) ; id.
Hand-l. i. p. 101 (1899).
The eggs of the Spotted Crake are mostly of a regular oval form,
but occasionally they are spheroidal, and they have a considerable
amount of gloss. The ground varies from pale buff to reddish buff,
PORZANA. 117
and in some examples it is of a pale greenish white or stone-colour.
The markings consist of specks, spots, and very small blotches of
pale purple and dark maroon-brown. Numerous specimens measure
from 1-15 to 1-4 in length, and from *8 to *1 in breadth.
10. Valkenswaard, Holland (J. Baker}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
10. Valkenswaard, 12th May (H. See- Seebohm Coll.
bohtn).
4. Valkenswaard, 12th May (H. S. : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.).
1. Valkenswaard, 14th May (H. S. : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.}.
o. Valkenswaard, 14th May (If. S.). Seebohm Coll.
9. Valkenswaard, 19th May (H. S.}. Seebohm CoU.
4. Valkenswaard, 19th May (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
0. Valkenswaard, 19th May (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
1. Valkenswaard, 19th May (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
7. Valkenswaard, 21st May (H. S.}. Seebohm Coll.
8. Valkenswaard, 21st May (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
3. Valkenswaard, 24th May (H. S.). Seebohm CoU.
1. Valkenswaard, 25th May (H. &). Seebohm Coll.
10. Allkerk, Holland, 6th June (/. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Baker).
8. South Holland. Lord Lilford [P.],
4. Brunswick, 9th May (H. Seebohm) . Seebohm Coll.
8. Livonia, Baltic Pro vs. (Russoiv}. Seebohm Coll.
Porzana Carolina (Linn.}.
(Plate IX. fig. 2.)
Porzana Carolina, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. i. p. 370
(1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 97 (1894); id. Hand-l. i.
p. 101 (1899).
The three eggs of the Carolina, or Sora, Crake in the Collection
closely resemble those eggs of P. porzana in which the ground is
of a pale buff colour. They measure respectively : T25 by -9 ; 1'23
by -9 ; 1-3 by -9.
1. N. America (Smiths. Inst.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. N. America (Henshaw Coll.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Porzana pusilla, Pall.
(lallinula pygmsea, Thien. Fortpjlanz. yes. Vb'g. tab. Ixxiii. tig. 2, a-c
(184o-54).
Zapornia pygmaea, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 44. tig. 3 (1855-63).
Crex bailloni, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 377, pi. cvi. tig. i
(1856) ; Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 361 ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 543,
pi. 23 (1884) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 84, pi. 22. tig. 4 (1896).
Porzana bailloni, Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 275 (1878).
Porzana pygmaea, Cowan, Proc. R. Phys. Soc. Edin. vii. p. 149 (1882) ;
Milne-Edwards $ Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois. ii. p. 578,
pi. 306. tig. 4(1885).
118
Porzana intermedia, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 103 (1894),
Porzana pusilla, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 102 (1899).
The eggs of Baillon's Crake resemble so closely the eggs ofZapornia
parva as to require no separate description. They are, however,
smaller and measure from I'l to 1*2 in length and from -8 to '9 in
breadth.
1. Cambridgeshire, Aug. (W. Farren). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Valkenswaard, Holland, June Salvin-Godman Coll.
(J. Baker}.
3. Valkenswaard (Bots). Seebohm Coll.
3. Valkenswaard, May (H. Seebohm). Seebohm Coll.
2. Seville, Spain (Lord Lilford). Seebohm Coll.
2. Southern Spain. Lord Lilford [P.].
1. Zana, Algeria, June (O. Salviri). Salvin-Godman Coll.
6. Betsileo, Madagascar. Eev. W. Deans Cowan [0.].
Porzana auricularis, Eeiclien.
Porzana pygma3a, Tacz. J.f. O. 1873, p. 106, tab. iii. fig. 32.
Porzana bailloni, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds 2nd. ii. p. 203 (1879), iii,
App. pi. ii. (1880) ; Legc/e, Birds Ceyl. p. 766 (1880).
Porzana pusilla, Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Egrjs 2nd. B. iii. p. 395 (1890) j
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 106 (1894) ; Wilson, Journ. Bomb.
Nat. Hist. Soc. xii. p. 639 (1899).
Porzana auricularis, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 102 (1899).
Mr. Hume appears to have examined many eggs of Pallas's Crake,
the eastern representative of Baillon's Crake, but there is only
a single specimen now in his collection. This resembles in colour
the eggs of P. pusilla. " The egg of Pallas's Crake is oval, slightly
pointed towards one end ; the shell of a firm and compact texture,
and with a slight gloss. The ground-colour is a sort of a pale olive
stone-colour, or very slightly greenish drab, thickly freckled and
mottled with faint dusky clouds and streaks, which, in all the eggs
that I have seen, were most densely set towards the large end,
The dusky markings in some eggs are a sort of pale sepia, but in
others have a distinctly purplish tinge. They appear, however, to
be at all times dull, inconspicuous and ill-defined. The eggs vary
in length from 1-1 to 1-22, and in breadth from -83 to '91."
(Hume.)
1. Himalayas. Hume Coll.
Genus SAROTHRURA, Heine.
Sarothrura insularis (Sharpe).
Corethrura insularis, Coican, Proc. R. Phys. Soc. Edin. vii. p. 149 (1882) j
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 118 (1894).
Ortygometra insularis, Milne-Edwards fy Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag..
Ois. ii. p. 575 (1885).
Sarothrura insularis, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 103 (1899).
The two eggs of Sharpe' s Crake in the Collection are of an oval
CRECISCUS. 119
form, slightly glossy and spotless white. They measure respectively :
1-13 hy -83 ; 1-1 by 'So.
-2. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [C.].
Genus CRECISCUS, Cab.
Creciscus jamaicensis (Gm.).
(Plate IX. fig. 8.)
Porzana jamaicensis, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. i.
p. 377 (1884).
Creciscus jamaicensis, Skarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 135 (1894) ; id.
Hand-l. i. p. 104 (1899).
The eggs of the Little Black Crake in the Collection are of
an elliptical shape. They have a slight gloss, and are creamy
white, rather closely speckled with reddish brown and underlying
pale purple. They measure respectively : 1 by *77 ; 1 by *76.
2. Calumet, Illinois, 17th June Salvin-Godman Coll..
(De Witt}.
Creciscus albigularis (Lawr.}.
(Plate X. fig. 2.)
Porzana albigularis, Sol. fy Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 546.
Creciscus albigularis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 140 (1894) ; id.
Hand-l. i. p. 105 (1899).
The eggs of the White- throated Crake in the Collection are
oval or sub-elliptical in form and have hardly any gloss. They are
creamy white, with a few small pale purple shell-markings and
numerous small blotches and spots of reddish brown, more closely
set at the larger end of the egg than elsewhere. They measure
respectively : 1-3 by '87 ; 1-21 by -89.
2. Remedies, Antioquia, U.S.Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll.
(T. K. Salmon).
Creciscus cayennensis (Bodd.).
(Plate X. fig. 1.)
Porzana cayennensis, Sal. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 545.
Creciscus cayanensis, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 143 (1894).
Creciscus cayennensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 105 (1899).
The single egg of the Cayenne Crake in the Collection is elliptical
in shape, has little or no gloss, and is dull white with a very few
minute and inconspicuous specks of pale yellowish brown. It
measures 1-37 by *95.
1. Remedios, Antioquia, U.S. Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll.
(T. K. Salmon).
120
EALLIDJB.
Genus LIMNOBJENUS, Sundev.
Limnobaemis fuscus (Linn.).
Porzana fusca, Sivinh. Ibis, 1863, p. 426 ; Hume Sf Marsh. Game Birds
2nd. ii. p. 217 (1879) ; Legge, Birds CeyL p. 769 (1880) ; Oates ed.
Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. E. iii. p. 396 (1890).
Limnobsenus fuscus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 146 (1894) ; id.
Hand-L i. p. 105 (1899).
The single egg of the Ruddy Crake in the Collection is of an
elliptical form, has little gloss, and is of a pinkish-white colour,
rather delicately speckled and blotched with reddish brown and
underlying pale purple. It measures 1-14 by '85.
1. Formosa (R. Swinhoe}. Seebolim Coll.
Genus AMAURORNIS, Reichenb.
Amaurornis olivacea (Meyen).
Amaurornis olivacea, Steere, List Mamm. fy Birds Philipp. p. 26 (1890) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 153 (1894) ; Grant $• Whitehead,
Ibis, 1898, p. 247 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 106 (1899).
The eggs of the Philippine Crake are of a broad oval form, and
they have but little gloss. The ground is creamy white, and this
is spotted, streaked and blotched, more thickly at the larger end
than elsewhere, with reddish brown and underlying pale purple.
Two examples measure respectively : 1-65 by 1'22 ; 1-55 by 1-13.
2. Siquijor, Philippine Islands. Steere Exped.
Amaurornis akool (Sykes).
Porzana akool, Hume fy Marsh. Game Birds Ind. ii. p. 225 (1879), iii.
App. pi. iii. (1880) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 396
(1890); Barnes, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. vi. p. 139, pi. — . fig. 908
(1891).
Amaurornis akool, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 155 (1894) ; id.
Hand-l. \. p. 106 (1899).
The eggs of the Brown Crake are normally of a broad oval form,
and they have but little gloss. The ground is creamy white, and
this is covered with streaky markings of a reddish-brown colour,
which are more frequent at the larger end and often form a con-
fluent cap. Sometimes the markings attain the dimensions of large
blotches, but as a rule they consist of streaks of small size. The
underlying markings are of the usual pale purple type. Specimens
measure from 1-4 to 1-57 in length, and from 1 to 1-15 in breadth.
3. Mongphoo, Sikhim, 3rd June Hume Coll.
(/. Gammie).
1. Sikhim Terai, 22nd July (J. G.}. Hume Coll.
AMAUROK3OS.
121
3. Sikhim Terai, 27th July (J. G.).
1. Gwalior, 9th June.
1 . Jhansi ( F. R. Blewitt) .
2. Jhansi, 7th Aug. (F. R. B.).
3. Saugor, 24th June (F. R. B.).
4. Raipur (F. R. B.}.
14. Belgaum (E. A. Butler).
Hume Coll.
C. Maries, Esq. [P.].
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Amaurornis phcenicura (Forster).
(Plate IX. fig. 5.)
Gallinula phoenicura, Thien. Fortpfianz. ges. Voy. tab. Ixxiii. fig. 5 (1845-
54) ; Layard, Ann. $ Mag. N. H. (2) xiv. p. 268 (1854).
Porzaua phoenicura, Swinh. Ibis, 1860, p. 67.
Erythra phoenicura, Skarpe, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 352 ; Leqge, Birds Ceyl.
p. 786 (1880) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 391
(1890) ; Barnes, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. vi. p. 138, pi. — . fig. 907
(1891;.
Amaurornis phoenicura, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 156 (1894) ;
id. Hand-l. i. p. 106 (1899).
The eggs of the White-breasted Crake bear a general resem-
blance to the eggs of A. aJcool, but they are much more richly
coloured. The ground varies from a pinkish cream-colour to a
warm pinkish buff. The markings, like those on the eggs of
A. aJcool, present a streaky appearance, but they are much broader
and coarser, and cover more of the ground. Numerous examples
measure from 1'4 to 1*7 in length, and from 1-1 to 1*22 in breadth.
5.
13.
2
o.
1.
1.
3.
'2
Q.
4.
4.
^
a
2,
3.
Eastern Narra, Sind (S. Doig).
E. Narra, 20th June (S. D.).
Taniiah, 7th & 8th Aug.
Allahabad.
Sitapur, 8th Aug. (C. R. Cock).
Saugor, llth Aug.
Raipur, 20th Aug.
Raipur, 18th & 21st Aug.
Belgaum, loth Aug. (E. A.
Butler).
Nulliar, Nilghiris, 24th July.
Nulliar, 2nd Aug.
Ceylon.
Ceylon (E. L. Layard).
Pegu, 10th June (E. W. Oates).
Pegu, 24th June (E. W. O.).
Pegu, loth July (E. W. O.).
Myitkyo, Pegu, 6th Aug.
(E. W. 0.).
Thayetmyo, 18th Aug. (E. W. O.).
Kaukaryit, Tenasserim, 29th Aug.
(C. T". Bingham).
Salween River, 26th July (C. T. B.).
Labuan.
Baram, Sarawak, 6th Feb.
Barani, 24th Sept.
Amoy (R. Sidnhoe).
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Oates Coll.
Oates Coll.
Oates Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Sir Hugh Low [C.].
C. Hose, Esq. fP.].
C. Hose, Esq. [P.J.
Seebohm Coll.
122 EALLIDJE.
Genus TRIBONYX, Du Bus.
Tribonyx mortieri, Du Bus.
Tribonyx mortieri, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 324 (1865) ; Campbell,
Nests # Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 60 (1883) ; North, Nests $. Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 324, pi. xix. fig. 4 (1889) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxiii. p. 164 (1894); id. Hand-l. i. p. 106 (1899).
The sole egg of Mortier's Tribonyx in the Collection is a regular
oval, with little gloss, and of a buff colour sparingly marked with
round specks and spots evenly distributed over the whole shell.
The underlying markings are of a pale purple, and the surface-
markings of a chestnut-brown, colour. On close examination, the
egg is found to be also dusted with very minute dots of purple and
reddish brown. It measures 2*25 by 1*5.
1. Tasmania. Gould Coll.
Genus MICROTRIBONYX, Sharpe.
Microtribonyx ventralis (Gould).
Tribonyx ventralis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 325 (1865) ;
Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 60 (1883) ; North, Nests $
Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 324, pi. xvii. fig. 4 (1889).
Microtribonyx ventralis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 165 (1894) ;
id. Hand-l. i. p. 107 (1899).
Of the two eggs of the Black-tailed Tribonyx in the Collection,
one is a regular oval, the other a narrow ellipse. Both are fairly
glossy and of a bluish-green colour, sparingly marked with round
and oval spots and blotches. The shell-markings are very pale
purple ; the surface-markings are dull rufous brown. In one
specimen there are, in addition, chiefly at the larger end, several
fine lines of the latter colour and the whole shell is, moreover,
very finely stippled with pale rufous. They measure respectively :
1-9 by 1-2 ; 1-85 by 1-2.
2. S. Australia. Gould Coll.
Genus PAREUDIASTES, Hartl. $ Finscli.
Pareudiastes pacificus, H. fy F.
(Plate IX. fig. 6.)
Pareudiastes pacificus, Whitmee, P. Z. S. 1874, p. 184 ; id. Ibis, 1875,
p. 446 ; Sclater, P. Z. S. 1874, p. 605 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxiii. p. 166 (1894) ; id. Hand-l. i. p. 107 (1899).
The sole egg of the Samoan Gallinule in the Collection is of a
narrow oval form. The ground is creamj^-white and this is marked
with numerous spots of reddish brown and purplish brown, together
with some pale purple underlying blotches. The markings of both
kinds are more numerous at the larger end than elsewhere. It
measures 1*8 by 1*25.
1. Samoa, Oct. (S. J. Whitmee). P. L. Sclater, Esq. [P.].
PORPHYRIORNIS. GALLINTJLA.
123
Genus PORPHYRIORNIS, Allen.
Porphyriornis nesiotis (Scl.).
(Plate IX. fig. 7.)
Porphyriornis nesiotis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 166 (1894) ;
id. Hand-l. i. p. 107 (1899).
The egg of the Tristan d'Acunha Gallinule in the Collection
is of a narrow oval form, nearly glossless, and of a pinkish cream-
colour, marked with a few small roundish spots and some rather
large blotches of reddish brown. The blotches about the middle of
the egg are larger than those elsewhere. There are also some small
pale purple underlying blotches, evenly distributed over the shell.
It measures 1'95 by 1'3.
1. Tristan d'Acunha Island. A. Earle, Esq. [P.].
Genus GALLINULA, Briss.
Gallinula tenebrosa, Gould.
Gallinula tenebrosa, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii.p. 328 (1865) ; Camp-
bell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 60 (1883) ; North, Nests fy Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 325 (1889) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 168
(1894) ; id. Hand-l. i. p. 107 (1899).
The eggs of the Sombre Gallinule in the Collection are of a
very broad oval form, have a considerable amount of gloss, and
are of a creamy- white colour, marked with numerous specks, spots,
streaks, and small blotches of a bright rusty brown, which are more
dense at the larger end than elsewhere. There are also a few
inconspicuous specks and spots of pale purple underlying the others.
The two specimens measure respectively : 1*57 by 1*17 ; 1'6 by 1'2.
2. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
Gallinula chloropus (Linn.}.
Gallinula chloropus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vb'g. tab. Ixxiii. fig. 8, a-f
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, EierEur. Vog. tab. 44. tig. 7 (1855-63) ; Hewit-
son, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 378, pi. cvii. fig. i (1856) ; Saunders, Ibis,
1871, p. 225 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 313 (1879) ; Legge, Birds
Ceyl. p. 781 (1880) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 557, pi. 23 (1884) ;
Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 389 (1890) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 169 (1894) ; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds,
p. 87, pi. 22. tig. 7 (1896) ; Grant % Whitehead, Ibis, 1898, p. 246;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 107 (1899).
Gallinula chloropus, var. pyrrhorrhoa, Milne-Edicards fy Grandidier,
Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois. ii. p. 594, pi. 306. fig. 5 (1885).
The eggs of the Moor-hen are normally of a broad oval form, and
have a small amount of gloss. The ground-colour varies much, being
creamy white, pale greenish white, pale buff or pinkish buff. The
markings consist of specks, spots, and bold blotches of deep reddish
brown, and a few underlying pale purple spots. The combinations
in which these markings occur are numerous. In some, the
124
RALLIED.
markings are all small and densely set over the shell ; in others,
spots are combined with huge blotches which are often confluent.
As a rule the larger end of the egg is more thickly marked than
the other parts. A few specimens are devoid of all markings except
some pale purple blotches. Examples vary from 1'55 to 2'17 in
length, and from 1-1 to 1-42 in breadth.
7. Eatagan, Eoss-shire ( W. McRae :
Hargitt Coll.}.
4. Lochend, Inverness (E. Hargitt).
7. Lochend, 2nd June (E. H}.
7. Knoclde, Inverness (J". Richmond:
Hargitt Coll}.
9. Cumberland (Heysham).
4. Allerton Park, Yorkshire, 24th May
(E. Hargitt}.
9. Lsthldll, Derbyshire, 6th June (O.
Salviri).
3. Castle Donington, Derbyshire, 15th
June.
2. Denham Bridge, 25th May.
5. Merton, Norfolk, 13th May (H.
Seebohm).
5. Luton Park, Bedfordshire, 28th May
(H. Seebohm).
2. Finchley (0. Salvin).
1. Devon.
5. Valkenswaard, Holland. 23rd May
(H. Seebohm).
5. Valkenswaard, 23rd May (H. S.).
5. Livonia, Baltic Pro vs. (Russoiv).
5. Poinerania (T. Holland).
5. Eiddagshausen, Brunswick, 4th June
(A. Nehrkorn).
3. Spain, 28th April (H. Saunders:
Hargitt Coll.).
5. Seville, Spain (H. Saunders).
1. Cape of Good Hope.
1. Eastern Narra, Sind, 21st May
(S. Doig).
3. Eastern Narra, 1st June.
4. Eastern Narra.
3. Utchulda, Etawah, 7th Sept. ( W. E.
S rooks).
7. Etawah, 14th Aug. (A. O. Hume).
2. Etawah, 16th Aug. (A. O. H.).
2. Etawah, 18th Aug. (A. O.H.).
4. Samar, Philippines.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
P. Dalby, Esq. [P.].
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Montagu Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
H. F. Walter, Esq. [P.].
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
Gallinula galeata, B<p.
(Plate IX. fig. 3.)
Gallinula galeata, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxiii. fig. 6 (1845-54) ;
Gosse, Birds Jamaica, p. 381 (1847) ; A. fy E. Newton, Ibis, 1859,
p. 260; Baird, Brewer $ Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. i. p. 388
(1884); Feilden, Ibis, 1889, p. 499; James, Neiv List of Chilian
Birds, p. 10 (1892) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 177 (1894) ;
id. Hand-l i. p. 107 (1899).
POKrHYKIOPS. GALLICREX. 125"
The eggs of the Florida Gallinule resemble those of G. chloropus
in texture, shape and colour, but they are, on the whole, rather
larger.
8. N. America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godnian Coll.
6. N. America (Henshaw Coll.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
'2, Ainsworth, Illinois (Joel Reeves : Salvin-Godman Coll.
Henshaw Coll.).
3. Cook Co., Illinois, June (Kennicott). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Jamaica. Old Collection.
1. Jamaica (A. Newton). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Bethlehem, St. Croix, W. Indies, Salvin-Godman Coll.
22nd May (A. $ E. Newton).
6. Barbados, 8th August. Col. H. W. Feilden [P.].
4. Prov. Tarapaca, Chile, 30th Jan. Berkeley James Coll.
(A. A. Lane).
Genus PORPHYEIOPS, Pucker.
Porphyriops melanops (Vieill.).
(Plate X. fig. 4.)
Gallinula crassirostris, Yarr. P. Z. 8. 1847, p. 54.
Porphyriops melanops, Scl. 8? Huds. Argent. Orn. ii. p. 156 (1889) ;
James, Neiv List of Chilian Birds, p. 10 (1892); Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxiii. p. 182 (1894); id. Hand-l. i. p. 108 (1899).
The eggs of the Thick-billed Water-hen are of a blunt oval form,
glossy, and of a brownish-buff colour, with a few small pale purple
blotches sunk into the shell, and numerous spots, specks, and small
blotches of rich chocolate-brown on the surface. These latter are
most frequent at the large end of the egg, where in many specimens
they are mixed with some twisted and knotted lines. The eggs
measure from 1'5 to 1/7 in length, and from 1-1 to 1/2 in breadth.
3. Chile. Old Collection.
10. Central Chile (Landbeck). Berkeley James Coll.
Genus GALLICREX, Blytli.
Gallicrex cinerea (Lath.).
(Plate X. fig. 6.)
Gallinula cristata, Thien. Fortpflanz. get. Vog. tab. Ixxiii. fig. 4 (1845-
Gallicrex cristata, Swinh. Ibis, 1861, p. 56; 1863, p. 425.
Gallicrex cinerea, Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 791 (1880) ; Oatcs ed. Hume, Nest*
$ Eggs 2nd. B. iii. p. 387 (1890) ; Barnes, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist.
Soc. vi. p. 137, pi. — . fig. 904 (1891) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxiii. p. 183 (1894) ; id. Hand-l. i. p. 108 (1899).
The eggs of the Kora, or Water-Cock, are of a blunt oval form
and glossy. They vary from cream-colour to yellowish or greenish
stone-colour. The underlying markings consist of spots and
126 RALLID^.
blotches of pale purple, generally inconspicuous; the surface-
markings consist of blotches and streaks of reddish brown ; at
times profusely set over the whole shell, almost concealing the
ground ; at others, sparingly scattered over the egg, except at
the large end, where they frequently form a cap. The intensity
of the reddish brown varies a good deal in different specimens.
Numerous examples measure from 1'55 to 1'8 in length, and from
1-1 to 1-3 in breadth.
2. Purneah, Bengal, 15th Aug. Hume Coll.
3. Tipperah, Aug. ( V. Irwiri). Hume Coll.
3. Pegu, 20th June (E. W. Oates). Hume Coll.
6. Pegu, 26th June (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
2. Pegu, 17th July (E. W. O,). Hume Coll.
1. Pegu, 7th Aug. (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
1. Pegu, 7th Aug. (E. W. 0.). Oates Coll.
1. Pegu, 7th Aug. (J& W. 0.). Seebohm Coll.
1. Shanghai, June (R. Sivinhoe). Seebohm Coll.
3. Canton (R. S.}. Seebohm Coll.
10. Formosa (R. S.). Seebohm Coll.
Genus PORPHYRIOLA, Blyfh.
Porphyriola alleni (Thorns.).
Porphyrio alleni, Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 307 (1880).
Porphyriola alleni, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 187 (1894) ; id.
Hand-l i. p. 108 (1899).
The sole egg of Allen's Gallinule contained in the Collection was
extracted from the body of a bird shot by Mr. Percival. It is
fractured, but its approximate dimensions are 1-4 by 1-05. The
ground is of a pinkish cream-colour, and this is marked, more thickly
at the larger end than elsewhere, with specks, spots, and small
blotches of reddish brown and underlying pale purple.
1. Ruo River, British Central Africa. A. B. Percival, Esq. [P.].
Porphyriola martinica (Linn.).
Gallinula martinicensis, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxii. fig. 12
(1845-54).
lonornis martinica, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgiv. Water Birds N. Am, i.
p. 384 (1884).
Porphyriola martinica, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 189 (1894) ;
id. Hand-l. i. p. 108 (1899).
The eggs of the American Purple Gallinule are of a blunt oval
form, with a small amount of gloss. They are of a pinkish cream-
colour closely speckled with minute dots of chocolate-brown and
underlying pale purple. The markings are very distinct and small.
Four specimens measure respectively: 1*6 by 1-1; 158 by 1*13;
1-6 by 1-07 ; 1-57 by 1-1.
4. Panama (J. McLeannan). Salvin-G odman Coll.
PORPHYRIO.
127
Genus PORPHYRIO, Briss.
Porphyrio caeruleus (Vandelli).
Porphyrio veterum, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 44. fig. 6 (1855-63) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 299 (1876).
Porphyrio hyacinthinus, Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 361 ; Bree, Birds Eur. iv.
p. 77, pi. _ (1867) ; 2nd ed. v. p. 44, pi. — (1876) ; Saunders, Ibis,
1871, p. 225.
Porphyrio caeruleus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 194 (1894) ; id.
Hand-l. i. p. 108 (1899).
The eggs of the European Purple Gallinule vary in form from
oval to elliptical, and they have very little gloss. The ground
ranges from cream-colour to pinkish buff and this is marked, rather
thickly, with specks, spots and, sometimes, with small blotches of
reddish brown, chocolate-brown and pale purple. The markings
on the majority of the eggs are well-defined and roundish in shape ;
on a few they are blotchy and blurred at the edges. The markings
are somewhat larger and more numerous at the broad end. Twelve
specimens measure from 2 to 2-25 in length, and from 1-35 to 1-5
in breadth.
2. Goto de Doiiana, Andalucia (H.
Saunders}.
3. Playa de la Kesina, Seville, 23rd April
(H. S.).
•2. North Africa.
1. Zana, Algeria (O. Salviri).
1. Zana, 6th June (0. S.).
1. Zana, 9th June (O. S.}.
1. Zana, 10th June (O. S.).
1. Zana, 15th June (0. S.).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohin Coll.
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Porphyrio poliocephalus (Lath.).
(Plate X. fig. 3.)
Porphyrio poliocephalus, Leqge, Birds Ceyl. p. 795 (1880) ; Oates ed.
Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 384 (1890) ; Barnes, Journ. Bomb.
Nat. Hist. Soc. vi. p. 135, pi. — . fig. 902 (1891) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxiii. p. 197 (1894) : Dresser, Birds Eur. ix. (Suppl.) p. 333
(1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 108 (1899).
The eggs of the Indian Blue Gallinule are on the average smaller
than those of P. cceruleus, but do not otherwise differ in any
essential particular. They measure from 1-75 to 2-15 in length,
and from 1'23 to 1*45 in breadth.
1. India. Purchased.
6. Eastern Narra, Sind (S. Doig}. Hume Coll.
3. Loyah Bridge, Etawah, 23rd Aug. Hume Coll.
(W. E. Brooks).
3. Loyah Bridge, 25th Aug. ( W. E. B.). Hume Coll.
1. Utchulda, Etawah, 8th Aug. (W. Hume Coll.
E. B.).
2. Utchulda, 18th Aug. ( W. E. B.). Hume Coll.
128 RALLIDJE.
1. Utchulda, 18th Aug. ( W. E. B.}. Seebolim Coll.
2. Rahun, Etawah, 16tli Aug. Hume Coll.
(W.E.B.).
11. Etawah, 16th Aug. Hume Coll.
1. Etawah (A. O. Hume). Hume Coll.
1. North India, 25th Aug. ( W. E. B.}. Seebohm Coll.
1. Jhansi, 18th July. Gates Coll.
4. Jhansi, 25th Aug. Hume Coll.
21. Raipur, C. Provs., Aug. Hume Coll.
1. Pegu, Aug. (E. W. Oates). Gates Coll.
1. Pegu, Aug. (E. W. O.). Seebohm Coll.
Porphyrio smaragdinus, Temm.
Porphyrio vitiensis, Finsch fy HartL Fauna Centralpolyn. p. 172, t. iii.
fig. 2 (1867) ; E. L. $ L. C. Layard, Ibis, 1882, p. 536.
Porphyrio smaragdinus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 203 (1894) ;
id. Hand-L i. p. 109 (1899).
The eggs of the Pacific Blue Gallinule are of a broad oval form,
the shell being extremely rough and without any gloss. The ground-
colour varies from pinkish cream to pinkish buff. The markings
consist of spots, blotches, and very numerous small specks of
reddish brown and pale purple. The blotches are of considerable
size, blurred at the edges and ill-defined, and they frequently form
an irregular cap at the larger end. Specimens measure from 1-9 to
2-15 in length, and from 1'32 to 1-4 in breadth.
30. Laid in confinement (Sydney, P. L. Sclater, Esq. [P.].
N. S. Wales).
Porphyrio samoensis, Peale.
Porphyrio indicus, Whitmee, Ibis, 1875, p. 446.
Porphyrio samoensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 204 (1894) ; id.
Hand-l. i. p. 109 (1899).
The single egg of the Samoan Blue Gallinule in the Collection is
of an oval form, slightly rough and possesses little gloss. The
ground is of a pinkish cream-colour, and this is spotted and blotched
with dark reddish brown and pale purple. The markings are
more numerous and larger at the broad end of the egg than else-
where. The specimen measures 1'78 by 1*3.
1. Samoa, September (S. J. WJiitmee). P. L. Sclater, Esq. [P.].
Porphyrio melanonotus, Temm.
Porphyrio melanotus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 321 (1865) ;
Potts, Tr. N. Z. Inst, ii. p. 71 (1869), iii. p. 102 (1870) ; Campbell,
Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 59 (1883); North, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, pp. 323, 415 (1889).
Porphyrio melanonotus, BuVer, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 79 (1888) :
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 205 (1894) ; id. Hand-l. i. p. 109
(1899).
The eggs of the Black-backed Blue Gallinule do not differ in any
particular respect from those of P. ca-ruleus and P. polioceplialus,
FCTLICA.
J20
excepting that they do not appear ever to exhibit a pinkish ground,
all the specimens in the Collection being of a pale cream or creamy-
buff colour. They measure from 2 to 2*3 in length, and from
1-35 to 1-6 in breadth.
New Zealand.
Canterbury, South Island, New
Zealand.
New South Wales.
New South Wales.
New South Wales, 27th Sept.
Dr. Sinclair [P.].
Capt. R. Snow [P.].
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Tliver Murray, S. Australia, 22nd Oct. E. S. Moulden, Esq. [P.].
Sub-Family FULICIN^E.
Genus FULICA, Linn.
Pulica atra, Linn.
Fulica atra, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. V6g. tab. Ixxiv. fig. 1, a-d (184-5-54) ;
Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 44. fig. 9 (1855-63) ; Hewitson, Eggs of
Brit. Birds, ii. p. 380, pi. cvii. fig. ii (1856) ; Salem, Ibis, 1859,
p. 361 ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 225 ; Scully, Stray Feath. iv. p. 191
(1876) ; Dresser, Birds Ear. vii. p. 327 (1879) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds,
ii. p. 564, pi. 23 (1884) ; Gates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B.
iii. p. 386 (1890); Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 210 (1894) ;
Seebohm, Eygs of Brit. Birds, p. 87, pi. 22. fig. 2 (1896) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l i. p. 109 (1899).
Fulica pullata, Thien. torn. cit. tah. Ixxiv. fig. 3.
The eggs of the Coot are of a regular oval shape, but sometimes
they are elliptical or biconical. They are fairly smooth but have
little gloss. The ground varies, being of a cream-colour in some,
pale buff or pinkish stone-colour in others. The markings consist
of minute specks and small spots of pale purple and blackish brown,
usually round and extremely distinct and well-defined. Numerous
examples measure from 1'75 to 2-3 in length, and from 1-25 to
1-55 in breadth.
2. Loch Ashie, Inverness (E. Hargitt}.
3. Clumber Park, Notts, 9th May (//.
Seebohm}.
2. Clumber Park, 9th May (H. S.).
•~>. Luton Park, Bedfordshire, 28th May
(H. Seebohm).
7. Avington, Hants, May (E. Hargitt).
5. Riddagshausen, Brunswick, 29th
April (A. Nehrkorn).
1. Seville, Spain, 28th April (H.
Saunders).
1. Seville, 14th April (H. founders:
Hargitt Coll.).
1. Seville, 28th April (H. S. : Hargitt
Coll.).
5. Zana, Algeria, June (O. Salvin). j
VOL. r.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
K
130 KALL1DJS.
1. Yarkand, 1st June (J. Scully}. Hume Coll.
2. Wullur Lake, Kashmir, 9th June. Hume Coll.
11. Raipur, C. Provs., Aug. Hume Coll.
Fulica cristata, Gm.
Fulica cristata, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxiv. fig. 4, a-c (184o~
54); Tristram, Ibis, I860, p. 81; Bree, Birds Eur. iv. p. 83,
pi. — (1867) ; 2nd ed. v. p. 50, pi. — (1876) ; Gurney, Ibis, 1868,
p. 261 ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 225 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 323
(1879) ; Sharped ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 621 (1875-84) ;
Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 215 (1894); id. Hand-l. i. p. 110
(1899).
Lupha cristata, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 44. fig. 8 (1855-63).
The eggs of the Crested Coot so closely resemble those of
F. atra that they require no separate description. They are, how-
ever, rather more richly coloured. They measure from 2'02 to
2-25 in length, and from 1'45 to 1'5 in breadth.
2. Madre del Rosio, S. Spain (H. Saun- Seebohm Coll.
ders).
1 . Algeria. Seebohm Coll.
2. Lake Halloula, Algeria, May (//. B. Seebohm Coll.
Tristram).
4. Potchefstroom, Transvaal, July (T. Seebohm Coll.
Ay res).
1. S. Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.],
1. S. Africa (E. L. Layard). Salvin-Godman Coll.
] . Cape of Good Hope (E. L. L.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Pulica armillata, Vieill.
(Plate X. fig. 8.)
Fulica armillata, Scl. Sf Huds. Argent. Orn. ii. p. 157 (1889) ; James,
Raw List of Chilian Birds, p. 10 (1892) ; Holland, Ibis, 1892, p. 209 ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 218 (1894) ; id, Hand-l. i. p. 110
(1899).
The eggs of the Eed-gartered Coot are of the same type as
those of F. atra, but they are larger, and the ground-colour is
much darker. The markings also, instead of being small, round,
and well-defined, are in many cases large, of very irregular shape,
and blurred at the edges. Specimens measure from 2'1 to 2-45 in
length, and from 1'35 to 1'6 in breadth.
1. Lake Titicaca, 12,500 ft., Peru. R. R. Copeland, Esq. [P.].
1. Chile (E. C. Reed). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Santiago, Chile, 1st Dec. G. Napier, Esq. [P.].
13. Chile. Berkeley James Coll.
3. Argentine Republic, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.].
FULICA. 131
Fulica gigantea, Eyd. $ Souleyet.
Fulica gigantea, James, Neiv List of Chilian Birds, p. 10 (1892) ; Sharp?,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 219 (1894) ; Lane, Ibis, 1897, p. 301 ;
Nharpr, Hand-l i. p. 110 (1899).
The eggs of the Giant Coot are of a blunt oval or elliptical
form, the shell being coarse in texture and without gloss. On
account of their large size and the character of the markings, they
are easily separable from the eggs of all the other Coots in the Col-
lection. The ground is of a pale cream-colour, and this is sparingly
marked with spots and somewhat large blotches of reddish brown
and a few shell-markings of pale purple. Five specimens measure
from 2-5 to 2'75 in length, and from T7 to 1*8 in breadth.
.5. Province of Tarapaca, Chile (Rahmer Berkeley James Coll.
$ Lane).
Fulica rufifrons, Philippi $ Landb.
(Plate X. fig. 7.)
Fulica leucopygia, Durnford, Ibis, 1878, p. 66.
Fulica leucopyga, Scl. $ Huds. Argent. Orn. ii. p. 157 (1839) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 220 (1894).
Fulica rufilrons, Sharpe. Hand-l. i. p. 110 (1899).
The eggs of the Red-fronted Coot are oval, smooth, and have a
small amount of gloss. They are of a pale creamy buff, tinged with
green. The underlying markings are few in number, small and of
a pale purple colour. The surface-markings are more numerous
and consist of specks, small spots and blotches, of rich chocolate-
brown. One example has a few twisted lines on the larger end,
where, as a rule, there is a tendency for the markings to be more
numerous than elsewhere. The three specimens in the Collection
measure respectively : 2-15 by T45 ; 2 by -38 ; 2*22 by 1*41.
:>>. Argentine Republic, Oct. \. II. Holland, Esq. [0.].
Fulica american
Fulica americana, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Voy. tab. Ixxiv. fig. 2 (1845- 54) ;
Gosse, Birds Jamaica, p. 384 (1847) ; Salu. $ Scl. Ibis, 1860, p. 45 ;
Blakiston, Ibis, 1863, p. 135; Baird, Brewer $ Ridgiv. Water
Birds N. Am. i. p. 393 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii.
]>. 221 (1894) ; id. Hand-l. i. p. 110 (1809).
The eggs of the American Coot only differ from those of F. atra
by their smaller size. They measure from 1'75 to 2'05 in length,
and from 1-25 to 1'33 in breadth.
5. X. America (Henshaw Coll.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
--J2 EALL1D.E.
6. Fort Garland, California, 23rd June
(Henshaw Coll.}.
].. Fort Carlton, Canada, 4th June
(T. W. Blakidmi).
1. Duenas, Guatemala, 2nd June
(O. Salvin).
4. Duenas, 2nd June (O. £).
1. Jamaica (A. Netcton).
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll..
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Goduian Coll.
Fulica leucoptera, Vieill.
(Plate X. fig. 5.)
Fulica leucoptera, Durnford, Ibis, 1878, p. 67 ; Scl. # Huds.
Orn. ii. p. 158 (1889) ; Holland, Ibis, 1892, p. 210 ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 224 (1894) ; Lane, Ibis, 1897, p. 302 ; Shaiye,
Hand-l. i. p. 110 (1899).
The eggs of the Yellow-billed Coot are oval, fairly smooth, and
almost devoid of gloss. They are of a rich creamy-buff colour,
speckled all over with pale purple and rich chocolate-brown. The
markings are very small and evenly distributed over the shell. The
three examples in the Collection measure respectively : 1*85 by 1/3 ;
1-7 by 1-22; 1-85 by 1-28.
8. Argentine Republic, Sept.
A. II. Holland, Esq. [C.].
Order PODICIPEDID IFO RMES.
The eggs of the Grebes are of a lengthened elliptical or biconical
shape, the two ends being closely alike in contour. Some are of an
oval form, but they are in the minority.
The true shell is generally of a very pale greenish-blue colour,
but in fresh eggs it is covered with a thin coat of chalky white
matter, which obscures or completely conceals it. At first the eggs
have little, if any, gloss. As incubation proceeds, however, the
calcareous covering is worn away, the shell turns to a yellowish-
brown, and eventually to a dark earthy-brown, colour, so that in
most cases the egg becomes very smooth and highly glossy.
The eggs of the various species of Grebes resemble each other
closely, and they cannot be separated in any way except, in some
instances, by their size.
PODICIPEDID.E. 133
Family PODICIPEDID.E.
Genus PODICIPES, Lath.
Podicipes fluviatilis (Tanst.).
IVulireps minor, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vb'g. tab. Ixxiv. fig. 10, a, b
(1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 446, pi. cxxi. fig. i
(1856) ; Sdloin, Ibis, 1859, p. 364 ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 468,
pi. 39 (1885) ; id. Birds Japan. Emp. p. 367 (1890).
Tadiybaptus minor, Baedeker, Eier Ear. Vog. tab. 16. fig. 6 (1855-63).
Podiceps fluviatilis, Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 659 (1880).
Podicipes minor, Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 82, pi. 22. fig. 5 (1896).
Podicipes fluviatilis, Irbij, Orn. Str. Gibr. 2nd ed. p. 308 (1895) ; Grant,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 507 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p.. 113 (1899).
The eggs of the Little Grebe measure from 1 -35 to 1*65 in length,
and from '95 to 1-1 in breadth.
9. Drumnadrochit, Inverness-shire (A. Seebohm Coll.
Lawler: Hargitt Coll.}.
2. Loch-na-shanish, Inverness (Hargitt Seebohm Coll.
_ Coll.).
4. Knockie, Inverness (J. Richmond : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.).
5. Tring, Herts, 27th June (H. Seebohm). Seebohm Coll.
3. Avington Park, Hampshire, May (E. Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt).
4. Avington Park, jVlay (E. H.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Denham, Suffolk, 25th May. Gould Coll.
.">. Valkenswaard, Holland, 28th May. Seebohm Coll.
1. Mark Brandenburg, 5th July. Seebohm Coll.
5. Brunswick, 3rd May. Seebohm Coll.
1. Seville, Spain (L. H. Irby). Seebohm Coll.
5. Valencia. Seebohm Coll.
6. Zana, Algeria, June (O. Salvin). Salvin-Godman Coll.
6. Japan (H. Pn/er). Seebohm Coll.
Podicipes philippinensis (Bonn.).
Tachybaptes fluviatilis, Oates ed. Hum*3, Xests 4' Eggs 2nd. B. iii. p. 401
part. (1890).
Podicipes philippensis, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 511 (1898).
Podicipes philippiuensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 113 (1899).
The two eggs of the Philippine Little Grebe in the Collection
measure respectively : 1'35 by 1 ; 1-45 by 1'03.
1. Pegu, 25th July (E. W. Oates). Seebohm Coll.
1. Poyang Lake, China (F. W. Sty an). Seebohm Coll.
134
Podicipes capensis, Lidit.
(Plate XI. fig. 2.)
Podiceps fluviatilis, Legge, Birds Ceyl p. 1059 (1880).
Tachybaptee fluviatilis, Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 101,
part. (1890).
Podicipes capensis, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 513 (1898) ; Sharp*,
Hand-l. i. p. 113 (1899).
Podicipes albipennis, Blanf. Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, iv. p. 475 (1898).
The eggs of the Indian Little Grebe measure from 1'28 to 1'52
in length, and from '77 to I'l in breadth.
4.
1.
3.
5.
J.
6.
1.
2.
1.
5.
1.
8.
2.
8.
5.
2.
6.
India.
India.
Punjab.
Callian, near Bombav, 9th Aug. (//.
Wenden).
Callian, 29th Aug. (H. W.).
Callian, llth Sept. (//. W.).
Etawah, 8th June ( W. E. Brooks).
Etawah, 9th Sept. ( W. E. B.).
Etawah, 9th Aug.
Near Allahabad, 26th July (A. O.
Hume).
Near Allahabad, 7th Aug. (A. O. H.}.
Jhansi, 18th July.
Jhansi, 20th Aug.
Raipur.
Central India.
Muddapur, Bengal , Aug. ( W. E. Brooks) .
Ahtoor, Madras, 19th Aug. (A. G.
R. Theobald).
Ootacamund ( W. Damson}.
Nilghiris, May.
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Professor Oldham [P.].
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Podicipes novae-hollandiae,
Podiceps gularis, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxiv. fig. 11 ( 1845-
54) ; Gould, Handb. Birds Amtr. ii. p. 513 (1805) j Campbell, Neds
$ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 72 (1883).
Podiceps novse-hollandia?, North, Nests fyEggs Austr. Birds, p. 348 (1889).
Podicipes novee-hollandiaB, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 519 (1898) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. \. p. 113 (1899).
The eggs of the Black-throated Grebe measure from 1/3 to
in length, and from -92 to 1/01 in breadth.
1-45
1. Australia, 4th March.
1. Australia, 6th October.
2 West Australia.
3. Australia.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Podicipes dominicus (Linn.}.
Podiceps dominicus, Gosse, Birds Jamaica, p. 440 (1847) ; Baird, Brewer
Sf Ridgiv. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 438 (1884).
Tachybaptes dominicus, Scl. fy Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 548.
Podicipes dominicus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 520 (1898);
Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 113 (1899).
PODICIPES. DOES. 135
The eggs of the White-winged, or Least, Grebe measure from 1-2
to 1*4 in length, and from -87 to -95 in breadth.
The specimens from Antioquia are much smaller than those from
Jamaica.
2. Jamaica (A. Newton). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Jamaica, 13th Dec. ( W. Qsburri). Salvin-Godman Coll.
•2. Antioquia, U.S. Colombia (T. K. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salmon).
Podicipes americanus, Garnot.
(Plate XI. fig. 8.)
Podiceps rollandi, Scl. $ Huds. Argent. Orn. ii. p. 204 (1889) ; Holland,
Ibis, 1892, p. 214.
Podicipes americanus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 524 (1898) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 114 (1899).
The eggs of Rolland's Grebe measure from 1*55 to TS5 in length,
and from 1'05 to 1'23 in breadth.
1. Valparaiso, 9th December. G. Napier, Esq. [P.].
5. Argentine Republic. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.].
Genus BYTES, Kaup.
Dytes auritus (Linn.).
Podiceps auritus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxiv. fig. 7, a-c
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 16. fig. 3 (1855-63) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 645 (1879).
Podiceps cornutus, Thien. torn. cit. tab. Ixxiv. fig. 8, a, b ; Baedeker, torn.
cit. tab. 16. fig. 4 ; Heioitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 445, pi. cxxi.
fig. iii (1856) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. n. 462, pi. 39 (1885).
Podiceps arcticus, Baedeker, torn. cit. tab. 16. fig. 5.
Podicipes cornutus, Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 81, pi. 22. fig. 8
(1896).
Podicipes auritus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 527 (1898).
Dytes auritus, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 114 (1899).
The eggs of the Sclavonian Grebe vary from 1*56 to 1*86 iu
length, and from 1-14 to T31 in breadth.
2. Fort Yukon, Alaska (R. Kennicott : Salvin-Godman Coll.
Henshaw Coll.).
3. Fort Yukon ( R. K. : Henshaw Salvin-Godman Coll.
Coll.).
6. Husevig, Iceland (Benzon). Salvin-Godman Cell.
1 . Iceland, 13th June. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Iceland ( W. Proctor). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Myvalin, Iceland, llth July. Seebohm Coll.
2. Iceland. Seebohm Coll.
5. Iceland. Seebohm Coll.
2. Iceland, 1st April. Seebohm Coll.
5. Rago Island, Gulf of Finland, Seebohm Coll.
12th June.
5 . Central Pomerania, 4th June. Seebohm Coll.
1 36 PODIC1PEDIDJE.
Genus PROCTOPUS, Kaup.
Pr octopus nigricollis (Brehm).
Podiceps auritus, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 445, pi. cxxi. fig. ii
(1866) ; Tristram, Ibis, 1860, p. 159.
Podiceps nigricollis, Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 402 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. viii.
p. 651 (1878) ; Seebohm, Brit, Birds, iii. p. 465, pi. 39 (1885).
Podicipes nigricollis, Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 81, pi. 22. fig. 11
(1896); Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 532 (1898).
Proctopus nigricollis, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 114 (1899).
The eggs of the Black-necked Grebe measure from 1*61 to 1-92
in length, and from Tl to 1-28 in breadth.
4. San Lucar, Spain (H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.
4. Sarepta, S.E. Russia (Dr. Stader). Seebohm Coll.
3. Algeria (H. B. Tristram). Seebohm Coll.
3. Lake Halloula, Algeria, llth May Seebohm Coll.
(H. B. T. ).
6 Lake Halloula, May (H. B. T.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Proctopus californicus (Ileerm.).
Dytes nigricollis californicus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgio. Water Birds
Podicipes californicus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 535 (1898).
Proctopus californicus, Sharps, Hand-l. i. p. 114 (1899).
The eggs of the Eared Grebe measure from 1'7 to 1*8 in length,
nd from 1-18 to'1'2 in breadth.
1, North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Fort Garland, Colorado, June Salvin-Godman Coll.
(H. W.H.: Henshaw Coll.).
Genus LOPHJETHYIA, Kaup.
LophaBthyia cristata (Linn.).
Podiceps cristatus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxiv. fig. 5, a, b
(1845-54); Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 16. fig. 1 (1855-63);
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 441, pi. cxx. fig. ii (1856):
Tracers, Tr. N. Z. Inst. iii. p. 113 (1870) ; Sharpens ed. Luyard, Birds
S. Africa, p. 785 (1875-84) j Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 629 (1879) ;
Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 455, pi. 39 (1885).
I • • • j__j. rv- i I... Vt _ _/• T-).. M TJ'.J- ._ *7I
Podicipes cristatus, Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 79, pi. 22. fig. 10
(1896) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. $1. xxvi. p. 544 (1898).
Lophaithyia cristata, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 114 (1899).
The eggs of the Great Crested Grebe vary from 2 to 2-4 in
length, and from 1-3 to 1*55 in breadth.
3. Rostherne Mere, 21st June (Hargitt Seebohm Coll.
Coll.).
3. Rostherne Mere, 5th Julv (Hargitt Seebohm Coll.
Coll.).
LOPH^FHYIA. 13'
1. Merton Hall, Norfolk, 14tli May Seebohm Coll.
(H. Seebohm).
•'). Norfolk. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Norfolk (A. Gator). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Tring, Herts, 27th June (//. See- Seebohm Coll.
boh MI).
'2. Lake Peipus, Baltic Provinces Seebohm Coll.
(Russoiv).
.'!(>. Garde See, Poinerania, 5th June Seebohm Coll.
(H. Seebohm}.
4. Neusiedler Lake, Hungary, May. C. G. Danford, Esq. [P.].
1. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
Lophaethyia griseigena (Bodd.}.
Podiceps rubricollis, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxiv. fig. 6, a, b
(1845-54); Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 16. fig. 2 (1855-63) ;
Hetcitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 443, pi. cxx. fig. i (1856) ;
Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 459, pi. 39 (1885).
Podieeps griseigena, Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 639 (1878).
Podicipes rubricollis, Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 80, pi. 22. fig. 12
(1896).
Podicipes griseigena, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 539 (1898).
Lophaethyia griseigena, Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 115 (1899).
The eggs of the Red-necked Grebe vary from 1-9 to 2-15 in
length, and from 1-25 to 1-5 in breadth.
1. Kalix, Sweden. Salvin-Godman Coll.
10. Copenhagen, 20th May (H. See- Seebohm Coll.
bohm).
5. Brunswick, 29th April. Seebohm Coll.
3. Brunswick, 20th May. Seebohm Coll.
5. Hirsova, Dobrudscha, 12th June Seebohm Coll.
(H. Seebohm}.
4. Sarepta, S.E.Russia (Dr. Stader}. Seebohm Coll.
5. Tangiers (Noury : Hargitt Coll}. Seebohm Coll.
Lophaethyia holboelli (lleinh.}.
Colymbus holbcellii, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. Water Birds JV. Am. ii.
* p. 428 (1884).
Podicipes holboelli, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xx\i. p. 542 (1898).
Lophrethyia holboelli, Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 115 (1899).
The four eggs of the American Red-necked Grebe in the Col-
lection measure respectively : 2-1 by 1-33 ; 2' 16 by 1-4 ; 2-2 by
1-4; 2-1 by 1-38.
1. Fort Yukon, Alaska (J. Lockhart : Salvin-Godman Coll.
Hemhaw Coll.}.
3. Fort Yukon (R. Kennicott : Henshaw Salvin-Godman Coll.
Coll,}.
138 PODICIPEDID^.
Genus JECHMOPHORUS, Coucs.
JEchmophorus major (Bodd.).
(Plate XI. fig. 9.)
yKchmophorus major, Scl. fy Huds. Argent. Orn. ii. p. 202 (1889) ;
Holland, Ibis, 1892, p. 213 ; James, Neiv List of Chilian Birds,
p. 13 (1892); Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 549 (1898) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 115 (1899).
The three eggs of the Great Grebe in the Collection measure
respectively : 2-15 by 1-4; 1-8 by 1-2; 1-77 by 1-25.
2. Central Chile. Berkeley James Coll.
1. Paraguay. A. K. MacKinnon, Esq. [P.].
-ffichmophorus occidentalis (Lawr.).
^Echmophorus occidentalis, Baird, Braver fy Ridgw. Water Birds
N. Am. ii. p. 421 (1884) : Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 551
(1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 115 (1899).
^Echmophorus occidentalis clarkii, Baird, Breiver $ Ridgw. torn. cit.
p. 423.
The eggs of the Western Grebe vary from 2'22 to 2-38 in length,
and from 1*5 to 1-6 in breadth.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Shoal Lake, Canada (D. Gunn : Salvin-Godman Coll.
Henshaw Coll.).
1 . Shoal Lake, Canada ( D. Gunn : Salvin-Godman Coll.
Henshaw Coll.}.
Genus PODILYMBUS, Less.
, Podilymbus podicipes (Linn.).
Podilymbus podiceps, Scl. $ Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 234; Baird, Brewer fy
Ridyw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 440 (1884).
Podilymbus podicipes, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 553 (1898) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 115 (1899).
The eggs of the Thick-billed Grebe measure from 1-62 to 1-75 in
length, and from 1*13 to 1-2 in breadth.
2. North America. Old Collection.
3. Winnibago, Illinois, 5th June Salvin-Godman Coll.
( J. W. Tolman ; Henshaw Coll. ).
4. Duenas, Guatemala, 2nd June Salvin-Godman Coll.
(O. Salvin).
COLYMBIDJK.
Order C O L Y M BI FO 11ME S.
Family COLYMBID.E.
The eggs of the Divers are coarse in texture, but have a fair
amount of gloss. They are typically of a narrow oval shape, but
long cylindrical or biconical specimens, with both ends quite alike,
are not uncommon.
The eggs of all Colymbidce resemble each other very closely, and
size is the only character of any assistance in discriminating them.
The ground-colour varies considerably, ranging through daik
olive-brown, umber-brown and russet-brown, to dark stone-colour
or dull greenish grey.
The eggs are double-spotted. The underlying or shell- markings
are inconspicuous small spots of a purplish grey or pale brown. The
surface-markings, consisting of spots and blotches, are inky purple,
purplish brown, or even black. These are not usually of any great
size, nor are they very thickly spread over the shell. They are, in
most cases, distinct and well-defined, and they are often more
numerous round the larger end than elsewhere. On a few examples
the markings at the larger end have a streaky appearance.
Genus COLYMBUS, Linn.
Colymbus septentrionalis, Linn.
Colymbus septentrionalis, Thien. Fortjrflanz. ges. For/, tab. vie. fig. 1, a -e
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Evr. Vog. tab. 58. fi<r. 3 (1855-63);
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 453, pi. cxxiii. fig. i (1856;;
Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 621 (1876) ; Seebohm 8f Har vie- Brown,
Ibis, 1876, p. 455; Seebohm, Ibis, 1879, p. 161 ; id. Brit. Birds, iii.
p. 412, pi. 35 (1885) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 78, pi. 21. fig. 2
(1896); Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 487 (1898); Sharpe,
115 (1899).
Urinator lumme, Baird, Brewer 8f Rldgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 457
(1884) ; MacFarlane, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 416 (1891).
The eggs of the Red-throated Diver measure from 2-6 to 3-1 in
length, and from 1-7 to 1-9 in breadth.
1. Franklin Bay, Arctic America (7?. J?. Salvin-Godman Coll.
MacFarlane: Henshaw Coll.}.
2. Cambridge Bay, Arctic America. Capt. Collinson [P.J.
2. Ritenbeok, Greenland. Col. H. W. Feilden [P.].
2. Repulse Bay, Hudson's Bay. Dr. J. Rae [P.].
2. Repulse Bay, 6th July. Dr. J. Rae [P.J.
2. (Greenland. Governor Holboll.
1 . Disco Bay, Greenland. McCormick Bequest.
2. Greenland (E. Feneker). Seebohm Coll.
140
COLYMBIDJ5.
Greenland (E. F.}.
Greenland, Lat. 62°, 12th June (R.
Midler}.
Donegal, Ireland, 25th May.
Loch Maddy, N. Uist, 5th June (E.
V. Seebohni).
Faroe Islands, 1st June (H. C. Mutter :
Hargitt Coll.).
Faroe Islands, 4th June (H. C. M.).
Faroe Islands, 10th June (H. C. M.).
Faroe Islands, 10th June (H. C. M.).
Faroe Islands, 12th June (H. C. M.).
Faroe Islands, 12th June (H. C. M.).
Faroe Islands, 12th June (If. C. M.).
Faroe Islands.
Bodo, Norway, 26th June (P. God-
man).
Nordland, Norway (R. Collett:
Hargitt Coll.).
II. Petchora, Lat. 08° N., 26th June
(H. Seebohm $ J. A. Harvie-
Brown).
Yenesei Valley, Lat. 71 ACN., 7th J uly
(H. Seebohm).
Yenesei, Lat. 71 £°, 9th July (H. S.).
Yenesei, Lat.71i°, 10th July (H.S.).
Yenesei, Lat. 71£°, 15th July (//. &).
Yenesei, Lat. 71^°, 20th July (H. S.).
Yenesei, Lat.7H°,20th July (//. S.).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohni Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Colymbus arcticus, Linn.
Colymbus arcticus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog.tsib. vie. fig. 2 (1845-54) ;
Baedeker, EierEur. Vog. tab. 58. fig. 2 (1855-63) ; Heivitson, Eggs
of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 451, pi. cxxiii. fig. ii (1856) ; Wheelwright, Spring
ty Summer in Lapl. p. 368 (1871) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 615
(1876); Seebohm $ Harvie-Brown, Ibis, 1876, p. 455; Seebohm,
Brit. Birds, iii. p. 407, pi. 35 (1885) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 78,
pi. 21. tig. 1 (1896) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 492 (1898) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 115 (1899).
The eggs of the Black-throated Diver measure from 2'95 to 3-55
in length, and from 1-9 to 2-16 in breadth.
2. Loch Maddy, N. Uist, 5th June Seebohm Coll.
(E. V. Seebohm).
1. Sutherland, June («/". S.). Seebohm Coll.
2. Loch Vallich, Ilosa-shire, 17th May Seebohm Coll.
(F. McLennan : Hargitt Coll.).
2. Loch Vallich, 27th May (F. McL. : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.).
2. Loch Vallich, 12th June (F. McL. : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.).
2. Loch Vallich, 19th June (F. McL. : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.).
coLYMnrs.
141
Loch Vallich, 23rd June (F. McL. :
Hargitt Coll.).
Inverness-shire.
Loch Knockie, Inverness-shire (J.
Richmond: Hargitt Coll.}.
Loch Knockie (J. E. : Hargitt
Coll.).
Loch Knockie (J. E. : Hargitt
Coll.).
Loch Knockie, 20th May (J. R. :
Hargitt Coll.).
Loch Knockie, 6th May (Hargitt
Colt.}.
Loch Knockie, 21st May (Hargitt
Coll.).
Loch Knockie, 21st May (E. Hargitt).
Loch Knockie, 31st May (E. Hargitt).
Loch Carr, Forfar \D. Watson:
Hargitt Coll.).
Sweden.
Wermland, Sweden (H. W. Wheel-
u- right).
Kiitkesuando, Lapland (J. Wolley).
Lapland (H. W. Wheelwright).
Lapland, 17th July (Nordvi).
II. Petchora, Lat. 68° N., 25th June
(//. Seebohm 8f J. A. Harvie- Brown).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
S. O. Sahlin, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Colymbus pacificus, Lawr.
(Plate XI. fig. 5.)
Urinator pacificus, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. Water Birds N. Ant. ii.
p. 455 (1884); Kelson, Report Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 37 (1887);
Macfarlane, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 416 (1891).
Urinator arcticus, Nelson, torn. cit. p. 3C>.
Colymbus pacificus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 494 (1898) ; Sharpe,
" Hand-l. i. p. 115 (1899).
The eggs of the Pacific Diver vary from 2-9 to 3-3 in length and
from 1-75 to 1-87 in breadth.
2. St. Michael's, Alaska, 6th June (E.
W. Nelson; Henshaw Coll.).
2. Alaska (E. W. N. : Henshaw Coll.).
1. Liverpool Bay, Arctic America (R.
R. MacFarlane : Henshaio Coll.).
2. Anderson River, Arctic America,
29th June (R. R. Mel. : Smiths.
Inst.).
2. Anderson Kiver Fort (R. R. McF. :
Henshaw Coll).
2. Franklin Bay, Arctic America, 9th
July (R. R. McF.: Henshaw
Coll.).
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
142
COLYMBIDJE.
Colymbus glacialis, Linn.
Colymbus glacialis, Thien. Fortpftanz. ges. Tog. tab. vie. fiX 3 a-c
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 58. fig. 1 (1855-63) ;
Ifewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 449, pi. cxxii. (1856) ; Dresser,
Birds Eur. viii. p. 609 (1880) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p 402,
pi. 35 (1885) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 77, pi. 21. fig. 3 (1896) •
Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 496 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l i
p. 116 (1899).
Urinator immer, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgtv. Water Birds N. Am. ii p. 446
(1884).
Urinator imber, MacFarlane, Proc. U.S.Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 416 (1891).
The eggs of the Great Northern Diver measure from 3-4 to 3-8 in
length, and from 2'1 to 2'4 in breadth.
2. Fort Anderson River, 25th June (R. Salvin-Godman Coll.
R. MacFarlane : Henshaw Coll.}.
I- Illinois. Seebohm Coll.
1 . River St. Croix, New Brunswick Seebohm Coll
(H. E. Dresser).
2. Nova Scotia. N. V. Squairey. Esq. FP.1.
1. Greenland, 10th July (R. Midler}. Seebohm Coll.
2. Greenland, 16th July (R. M.}. Seebohm Coll.
2. Greenland, 18th July (R. M.). Seebohm Coll
4. Iceland (W. Proctor). Seebohm Coll.
Order S PH EN I SCI FORMES.
The eggs of the Penguins are alike in colour and texture, and
differ only with respect to size and shape.
The shell is coarse and rough, and frequently covered, wholly or in
part, with a thin coat of calcareous matter. As incubation proceeds,
many examples become quite smooth and also highly glossy.
The eggs of these birds are unspotted white, but, when freshly
laid, they possess a distinct tinge of pale blue, and with incubation
they often turn yellow.
In shape, they vary greatly. Those of many species are sphe-
roidal. Others are of a broad oval form and, in one species at least,
they are decidedly pyriform.
A remarkable fact concerning the Penguins is that birds ap-
parently of the first year lay very small eggs and birds of the second
year somewhat larger ones. It is only in the third year, or perhaps
even later, that they lay full-sized eggs.
SPHENISCJDJ! 143
Family SPHENISCID^l.
Genus APTENODYTES, Forst.
Aptenodytes patagonica, Forst.
Aptenodytes patachonica, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Yog. tab. c. iig. '2
(1845-54).
Aptenodytes longirostris, Sharpe, Phil. Trans. 168. p. 152 (1879) ; Sol. $
Salv. Zool. ' Challenger' Ej-ped. ii. pt. viii. p. 122 (188)) ; Scl. t. c.
p. 151 (1880) ; BuJler, Birds New Zeal 2nd ed. ii. p. 306 (1888).
Aptenodyta patagonica, Lai/ard, Ibis, 1867, p. 459 ; Grant, Cat. Sir/Is
B. M. xxvi. p. 627 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 117 (1899).
The two eggs of the King Penguin in the Collection are pyriform,
and measure 4-35 by 3 and 4-25 by 2*95 respectively.
1. Marion Island, Indian Ocean. Voy. H.M.S. 'Challenger.'
1. New Zealand. Donald Mackintosh, Esq. [P.].
Genus PYGOSCELIS, Wagler.
Pygoscelis papua (Forst.).
Aptenodytes papua, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. c. fig. 6 (1845-
54).
Eudyptes papua, Gould, P. Z. 8. 1859, p. 98 ; Abbott, Ibis, 1860, p. 336.
Pygosceles wagleri, Abbott, Ibis, 1861, p. 163.
Pygoscelis taeniata, Sharpe, Phil. Trans. 168. p. 154 (1879) ; Saundtrx,
t. c. p. 165 (1879); Buller, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 304
(1888).
Pygosceles taeniatus, Scl. fy Salv. Zool. l Challenger ' Exped. ii. pt. viii. p. 124
(1880); Scl.t.c.y. 152(1880).
Pygoscelis papua, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 631 (1898) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 118 (1899).
The eggs of the Kock-Hopper Penguin are almost spherical in
shape. The smallest example in the Collection measures 1-45 by
1*12. Full-sized specimens vary from 2-65 to 2'95 in length and
from 2-27 to 2'5 in breadth.
2. Falkland Islands (C. C. A bbott). Gould Coll.
2. Falkland Islands (C. C. A.). Gould Coll.
2. Falkland Islands (C. C. A.). Gould Coll.
2. Falkland Islands (C. C. A.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
7. Falkland Islands. Voy. H.M.S. ' Challenger.'
1. East Falklands. Lieut. A. Smith [P.].
1. Kerguelen Island (A. E. Eaton). Royal Society [P.].
144 SPHENISCIDJF.
Genus CATARRHACTES, Briss.
Catarrhactes chrysocome (Forst.).
Aptenodytes chrysocome, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Vb'g. tab. c;~fig. 4
(1845-54) ; Abbott, Ibis, 1860, p. 337.
Eudyptes nigrivestis, Abbott, Ibis, 1861, p. 163.
Eudyptes saltator, Sharpe, Phil. Trans. 108. p. 160 (1879) ; Saunders,
t. c. p. 165 (1879).
Eudvptes chrysocome, Scl. 8f Salt). Zool. ' Challemjer ' Exped. ii. pt. viii.
"p. 128 (1880); Scl. t. c. p. 152 (1880) ; Bullet- , 'Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed.
ii. p. 290 (1888) ; Hall, Ibis, 1900, p. 32.
Catarrhactes chrysocome, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 635 (1898) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 118 (1899).
The eggs of the Tufted Penguin vary much in shape. Some are
spheroidal, and others are of a short but broad oval form. Two
examples, however, are long and narrow, tapering to a point. The
smallest egg measures 1'63 by 1'38. Full-sized specimens vary
from 2-4 to 2'95 in length, and from 1-7 to 2-2 in breadth.
11. Falkland Islands ( (7, C. Abbott}. Gould Coll.
•2. Falkland Islands, 4th Nov. Gould Coll.
(C. C. A.\
•2. Falkland Islands (C. C. A.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Falkland Islands. Voy. H.M.S. ' Challenger.1
6. Inaccessible Island. Voy. II.M.S. ' Challenger.'
2. Kerguelen Island (A. E. Eaton}. Royal Society [P.J.
Eudyptes chrysolophus, Abbott, Ibis, 1880, p. 338 ; 1861, p. 163 ; Scl
Salv. Zool. l Challenger ' Exped. ii. pt. viii.
Catarrhactes chrysolophus (Brandt}.
8; 1861,
p. 127 (1880) ; Scl t.
p. 152 (1880).
Aptenodytes, sp. inc.*, Scl Zool. ' Challenger1 Exped. ii. pt. viii. p. 15 L
(1880).
Catarrhactes chrysolophus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M, xxvi. p. 641 (1898) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 118 (1899).
The eggs of the Macaroni Penguin are broad ovals with a
tendency, in some cases, to the pyriform.
The specimens procured by the ' Challenger ' expedition on
Kerguelen Island are all undersized, the smallest measuring 2-4
by 1*8. Full-sized examples measure from 3 to 3'45 in length, and
from 2-2 to 2'5 in breadth. They are consequently very much
larger than those of C. chrysocome.
3. Falkland Islands (C. C. Abbott). Gould Coll.
2. Falkland Islands (C. C. A.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
* There can be little doubt that the eggs found on Heard Island by the
'Challenger' Expedition, and which were undetermined at the time, are
the eggs of C. chrysolophus. They agree well with eggs of this species from the
Falkland and Crozet Islands.
CATARRHACTES. — EUDYPTULA. — SPHEXESCUS.
1. Crozet Island, Indian Ocean E. L. Layard. Esq. [P.],
(Capt. Armsori).
4. Kerguelen Island. Voy. H.M.S. ' Challenger/
5. Heard Island, Indian Ocean. Voy. H.M.S. ' Challenger/
Catarrhactes schlegeli (
Eudyptes schlegeli, Butter, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 298 (1888).
Catarrhactes schlegeli, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 643 (1898) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 118 (1899).
The single egg of Schlegel's Penguin in the Collection is almost
spherical in form, and mottled with brown and yellow stains. It
measures 2-5 by 2-25.
1. New Zealand. Donald Mackintosh, Esq. [P.],
Genus EUDYPTULA, Bp.
Eudyptula minor (Forst.).
Aptenodytes minor, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Voy. tab. c. fig. 5 (1845-54).
Eudyptula minor, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 518 (1865) ; Butter,
Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 300 (1888) ; North, Nests Sf Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 349 (1889) ; Forbes, Ibis, 1893, p. 543 ; Grant, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxvi. p. 646 (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.\. p. 119 (1899).
Eudyptula undina, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 521 (1865) ; Buller,
Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 302 (1888) ; North, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 350 (1889) ; Le Souef, Ibis, 1895, p. 419.
The eggs of the Little Penguin are regular broad ovals. The five
specimens in the Collection measure respectively: 2-26 by 1'63 ;
2-3 by 1-6; 2-15 by 1-65; 2-15 by 1-65 ; 2-12 by 1-6.
1. Bass Straits ( Wilson}. Gould Coll.
1. Near Badger Island, Bass Straits, Gould Coll.
24th Oct.
2. New Zealand. Donald Mackintosh, Esq. [Pi].
1. New Zealand. Capt. JR. Snow [P.].
Genus SPHENISCUS, Briss.
Spheniscus demersus (Linn.).
p. 119 (1899).
The eggs of the Cape Penguin vary in shape from broad oval to
spheroidal. They measure from 2'4 to 2-85 in length, and from
2-03 to 2-12 in breadth. One of the specimens in the Collection is
very smooth and highly glossy.
VOL. I. L
146 8PHENISCIDJE.
1. Cape of Good Hope. Old Collection.
4. Cape of Good Hope. Gould Coll.
2. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [PA
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. P. L. Sclater, Esq. [P.J
Gardens, Antwerp).
2. Laid in confinement (Jardin P. L. Sclater, Esq. [P,]j.
d'Acclimatation, Paris).
Spheniscus humboldti, Meyen.
Spheniscus humboldti, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 650 (1898) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 119 (1899).
The eggs of Humboldt's Penguin in the Collection are of a
Droad oval form. They measure respectively : 2'9 by 2-15 ; 2'95 by
2-2.
2. Chile. Old Collection.
Spheniscus magellanicus (Forst.).
Aptenodytes demersa, Abbott, Ibis, 1860, p. 336.
Hand-l i. p. 119 (1899).
Spheniscus demersus, Cunningham, Ibis, 1868, p. 489.
The eggs of the Jackass Penguin vary in form from broad oval to
spheroidal. The smallest example in the Collection measures 1*9
by 1'6. The full-sized specimens vary from 2*67 to 3 in length,
and from 2 to 2-22 in breadth.
2. Falkland Islands (C. C. Abbott). Salvin-Godman Coll.
7. Falkland Islands (C. C. A.). Gould Coll.
1. Falkland Islands. Lieut. A. Smith [P.I.
2. Falkland Islands. Voy. H.M.S. < Challenger.'
Order PRO CELL ARIIFORMES.
The eggs of the Petrels are white, frequently tinged, when fresh
and clean, with very pale blue. Those of many species are without
markings of any kind ; in those of others one end is speckled and
spotted with rufous so as to form a cap or zone, and the markings
often extend over a considerable portion of the shell. They are
usually without gloss, and in no case is there more than a very slight
amount of this. The shell is, as a rule, slightly rough and somewhat
chalky, but the eggs of some species are fairly smooth. They vary
much in shape.
PKOCELLAKIID.E.
147
Family PEOCELLARIIDJE.
Sub-Family PROCELLARII1SLE.
Genus PROCELLARIA, Linn.
Procellaria pelagica, Linn.
Procellaria pelagica, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xcii. tig. 8
(1845-54) ; Baird, Brewer $ Ridgw. Water Birds -N. Am. ii. p. 403
(1884) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 438, pi 56 (1885) ; id. Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 74, pi. 20. fig. 4 (1896) ; Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxv. p. 343 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 120 (1899).
Thalassidroma pelagica, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 55. fig. 3 (1855-63) ;
Hewitson, 'Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 517, pi. cxlv. fig. i (1856) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 491 (1874).
The eggs of the Stormy Petrel are usually truly elliptical, but in
some specimens one end is slightly pointed. They are without
gloss, white, and marked with a zone or cap of minute red dots at
one end. Occasionally the dots extend over the whole shell, and
sometimes they are entirely absent. They measure from 1 to 1*2
in length, and from *73 to *9 in breadth.
51. Faroe Islands (H. C. Mutter).
1 . Faroe Islands, 28th June (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.).
7. Faroe Islands, 5th Aug. (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.).
4. Shetland Islands.
2. Orkney Islands (Dunn).
1. Orkney Islands.
3. Orkney Islands.
3. The Hebrides ( W. Proctor).
2. Tory Islands, Donegal.
5. Ireland.
2. Little Skellig, S.W. Ireland,
17th May ( W. H. Turk).
4. Blasket Islands, S.W. Ireland,
26th ApriUJT. -ff. TV).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohin Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Lord Enniskillen [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Genus HALOCYPTENA, Coues.
Halocyptena microsoma, Coues.
(Plate XI. fig. 1.)
Halocyptena microsoma, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. Water Birds JV. Am.
ii. p. 402 (1884); Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 346 (1896):
Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 121 (1899).
The eggs of the Wedge-tailed Petrel in the Collection are of an
elliptical or broad oval shape, white, with a very few minute rufous
L2
148 PROCELLAKIIB.S'.
dots scattered over the shell, but they are so few and so small
that they might easily escape notice. Four examples measure
respectively : 1-1 by -83 ; 1-05 by -78 ; -97 by '75 ; 1-04 by -73.
3. San Benito Island, Lower Cali- A. W. Anthony, Esq. [P.].
fornia, 12th July.
1 San Benito Island, 25th July Salvin-Godman Coll.
(A. W. Anthony}.
Genus OCEANODEOMA, Eeiclienb.
Oceanodroma lencorrhoa ( V.}.
Procellaria leachii, Thien. Fartpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xcii. fig. 9 (1845-54) ;:
Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 443, pi. 56 (1885).
Thalassidroma leachii, Baedeker, Eicr Eur. Vog. tab. 55. fig. 2 (1855-63).
Thalassidroma leucorrhoa, Dresser, Birds JEtor.viii. p. 497 (1874) ; Diron,.
Ibis, 1885, p. 95.
Cymochorea leucorrhoa, Baird, Brewer ty Hidgw. Water Birds N. Am.
ii. p. 407 (1884).
Oceanodroma leucorrhoa, Seebohm, Egqs of Brit. Birds, p. 75, pi. 20.
fig-. 7 (1896) ; Salwn, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 348 (1896) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 121 (1899).
The eggs of the Fork-tailed, or Leach's, Petrel are either of an
elliptical or of a broad oval form, glossless, fairly smooth and white,
marked at one end with a zone of minute pinkish dots and specks.
They measure from 1'17 to 1-3 in length, and from '9 to *1 in
breadth.
1. St. Kilda (Sir W. Milner). Seebohm Coll.
2. Dun, St. Kilda, 10th June Seebohm Coll.
(C. Dixon).
1. St. Kilda (Tristram Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. N. America (Henshaio Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Great Menan Island, Bay of Fundy, Salvin-Godman Coll.
New Brunswick (If. E. Dresser).
2. Bay of Fundy. Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Bay of Fundy, June. Seebohm Coll.
Oceanodroma castro (Harcourt).
(Plate XL fig. 4.)
Thalassidroma castro, Harcourt, Sketch of Madeira, pp. 123, 166 (1851) :
id. Ann. $ Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) xv. p. 436 (1855).
Oceanodroma cryptoleucura, Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 350 (1896) :
Grant, Ibis', 1896, p. 53 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ix. (Suppl.) p. 395
(1896).
Oceanodroma castro, Grant, Ibis, 1898, p. 314 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 121
(1899).
The eggs of Harcourt's Petrel closely resemble those of 0. leucor-
rhoa. The three examples in the Collection measure respectively :.
i-3 by -94 ; 1-25 by -96 ; 1-28 by -97. .
OCE1NODROMA.
149
1. Porto Santo Island, Madeira Group,
24th June (Padre Schmitz).
1. Porto Santo Island, 24th June.
1. Porto Santo Island, 20th Dec.
Hon. C. Baring & \V. R
Ogilvie Grant, Esq. [P.].
Padre Schmitz [0.1.
Padre Schmitz [C.J.
Oceanodroma macrodactyla, Bryant.
Oceanodroma macrodactyla, Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 351 (1896) ;
Anthony, Auk, 1898, p. 141 j Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 121 (1899).
The eggs of the Guadaloupe Petrel in the Collection are much
stained, but a zone of pink specks round the thicker end is
clearly visible. They are broad ovals in shape, and measure
respectively : 1-38 by 1-06 ; 1-36 by 1'04.
2. Guadaloupe Island, Lower California,
24th March.
A. W. Anthony, Esq. [P.].
Oceanodroma socorroensis, G. H. Townsetid.
(Plate XI. fig. 6.)
Oceanodroma socorroeusis, Saloin, Cat. Bird* B. M. xxv. p. 352 (1896) ;
Anthony, Auk, 1898, p. 141 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 121 (1899).
The eggs of the Socorro Petrel in. the Collection are elliptical in
shape and white, marked with pink specks and dots at the broader
end. In one, these form a cap ; in the other, an indistinct zone,
a few specks being also scattered over the shell. They measure
respectively 1-2 by '87 ; 1'2 by -9.
2. San Benito Island, Lower California,
12th Julv.
A. W. Anthony, Esq. [P.].
Oceanodroma melania (Bp.\
(Plate XI. fig. 3.)
Cymochorea melania, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridgic. Water Birds N. Am. ii.
p. 411 (1884).
Oceanodroma melauia, Saloin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 353 (1896) ;
Anthony, Auk, 1898, p. 141 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 121 (1899).
The eggs of the Black Petrel are broad ovals, closely approaching
the elliptical form. They are smooth, glossless and plain white,
without a trace of markings. Four examples measure respectively ;
1-35 by ]-05; 1-37 by 1-07; 1-35 by 1-04 ; 1-35 by 1-03.
1. San Benito Island *, 10th July (A. W. Salvin-Godrnan Coll.
Anthony}.
:J. San Benito Island, 12th July. A. \V. Anthony, Esq. [P.].
1. San Benito Island, 27th July (A. W. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Anthony}.
* A label accompanying this egg ascribes it, to 0. socorroensis, but obviouslv
by an oversight.
150
PKOCELLAKIIDJE.
Sub-Family OCEANITIN^S.
Genus OCEANITES, Keys. $ Bias.
Oceanites oceanica (Kuhl).
(Plate XI. fig. 7.)
Oceanites oceanicus, Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 505 (1878) : Sharpe,
Phil Trans. 168. p. 132 (1879) ; Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 1056 (1880) -r
Baird, Brewer $ Ridgiv. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 416 (1884);
Salvin, Cat. Birds B. Tlf.xxv. p. 358 (1896) ; Hall, Ibis, 1900, p. 19,
Procellaria oceanica, Saunders, Phil. Trans. 168. p. 164 (1879).
Oceanites wilsoni, Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 449 (1885).
Oceanites oceanica, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 122 (1899).
The eggs of Wilson's Petrel are of an elliptical form. They are
white, sprinkled with numerous pink specks and dots which
sometimes form a broad zone round one end, or are sometimes
distributed over one half of the egg, or evenly scattered over the
whole shell. They measure from 1-28 to 1-32 in length, and from
•9 to -94 in breadth.
Kerguelen Island, 23rd Jan. (A. E.
Eaton).
Kerguelen Island, 2nd Feb. (A.E.E.}.
Kerguelen Island, 7th Feb. (A.E.E.).
Royal Society [P.].
Royal Society [P.].
Royal Society [P.].
Kerguelen Island, llth Feb. (A.E.E.}. Royal Society [P.].
Genus GARRODIA, Forbes.
Garrodia nereis (Gould).
Procellaria nereis, Campbell, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 70, fig. 645
(1883).
Garrodia nereis, Buller, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 247 (1888):
Forbes, Ibis, 1893, p. 542, pi. xiv. fig. 3 j Salvin, Cat, Birds B. M.
xxv. p. 361 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 122 (1899).
The single egg of the Grey-backed Petrel in the Collection closely
resembles some of the eggs of Oceanites oceanica. It is white
sprinkled all over with pink dots which also form a cap at one
end. It measures 1-3 by -95.
1. Chatham Islands.
H. 0. Forbes, Esq. [P.]
Genus PELAGODROMA, Reiclienb.
Pelagodroma marina (Lath.).
Procellaria marina, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Vog. tab. xcii. fig. 10 (1845-54),
Pelagodroma marina, Buller, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 248 (1888) ;
Forbes, Ibis, 1893, p. 542 ; Grant, Ibis, 1896, p. 51 ; Salvin, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxv. p. 362 (1896) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ix. (Suppl.)
p. 399 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 122 (1899).
The eggs of the White-faced Petrel are of an elliptical or of a
FREGETTA.
151
very broad oval form. They are white, sprinkled with minute
dots of pink and purple which often form a cap or zone at one end
of the egg. They measure from 1-32 to 1-5 in length, and from
1 to 1-08 in breadth.
1. Australia.
•2. Western Australia.
•2-2. Great Salvage Island, 27th April.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.
Hon. C. Baring & W. R.
Ogilvie Grant, Esq. [P.].
Genus FREGETTA, Bp.
The eggs of the Petrels of this genus are of a broad oval form,
sometimes almost elliptical, and glossless. They are white, with a
cap or zone of pink or purple specks at one end and a few larger
markings scattered over the remainder of the shell.
Fregetta melanogaster (Gould).
(Plate XII. fig. 2.)
Thalassidroma melanogaster, Layard, Ibis, 1867, p. 459.
Oceanitis tropica, Sharpe, Phil. Trans. 168. p. 130 (1879).
Fregetta melanogastra, Salvin, Zool. ' Challenger ' Exped. ii. pt. viii.
p. 142 (1880) ; Scl. t. c. p. 151 (1880).
Fregetta melanogaster, Campbell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 70,
fig. 647 (1883) ; Butter, Birds Neio Zeal 2nd ed. ii. p. 24 (1888) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 122 (1899).
Cymodroma melanogaster, Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 364 (1896).
One egg of the Black-bellied Petrel in the Collection measures
I '45 by 1*03. A second, which is of a long narrow cylindrical
form, measures 1*25 by *73.
Betsy Cove, Kerguelen Island.
Falkland Islands.
Voy. H.M.S. « Challenger.'
Voy. H.M.S. < Challenger/
Fregetta albigularis (Fitisch).
(Plate XII. fig. 1.)
Fregetta albogularis, Lister, P. Z. S. 1891, pp. 295, 300.
Cymodroma albigularis, Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 367 (1896).
Fregetta albigularis, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 123 (1899).
The eggs of the White-throated Petrel measure from 1*45 to 1-6
in length, and from I'Oo to 1-15 in breadth.
1.
Phoenix Island, Phoenix Group,
29th June (J. J. Lister).
>. Aneiteum, New Hebrides, Jan.
(J. Macgillivray).
Seebohm Coll.
Gould Coll.
152
Family PUFFINID^E.
Sub-Family PUFFININ^E.
Genus PUFFINUS, Bnss.
The eggs of the Shearwaters are unspotted white and the shell is
smooth, In shape they vary from blunt to pointed ovals,
but occasionally they are elliptical. They sometimes exhibit a
small amount of gloss, but as a rule they are glossless.
Puffinus cuneatus, Salvin.
Puffinus cuneatus, Seebohm, Ibis, 1891, p. 191 ; Sdlvin, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxv. p. 371 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 123 (1899).
The eggs of Snow's Shearwater measure from 2'37 to 2-65 in
length, and from T57 to 172 in breadth.
1. Sulphur I., Bonin Islands, 8th June Seebohm Coll.
(P. A. Hoist}.
2. Bailey I., Bonin Islands, 2nd July Seebohm Coll.
(P. A. H.).
3. Bailey I., 2nd July (P. A. H.). Seebohm Coll.
2. Bailey I., 9th July (P. A. H.}. Seebohm Coll.
Puffinus chlororhynchus, Less.
Puffinus sphenums, Crowfoot, Ibis, 1885, p. 268.
Thiellus sphenurus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 466 (1865).
Puffinus chlororhynchus, Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 1054 (1880); Milne-
Edwards fy Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois. ii. p. 680, pi. 308.
fig. 8 (1885) ; Butter, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 235 (1888) ;
Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 372 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i.
p. 123 (1899).
The eggs of the Wedge-tailed Shearwater measure from 2'4 to
2-65 in length, and from 1*67 to 1'8 in breadth.
1. Round Island, Mauritius.
1. Round Island (E. L. Layard).
2. Australia.
2. Australia (J. Macgillivray).
2. Lord Howe Island (E. Sounders).
2. Norfolk Island, 29th Dec.
E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Dr. W. M. Crowfoot [P.].
Puffinus kuhli (Boie).
Procellaria puffinus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xcii. fig. 5 (1845-54).
Puffinus cinereus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 55. fig. 7 (1855-63) ;
Wright, Ibis, 1863, p. 439; Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. v. p. 86,
pi. — (1876).
PUFFINUS.
153
Puffinus kuhli, Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 513 (1877) ; Whitehead, Ibis,
1885, p. 47; Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 375 (1896) ; Grant,
Ibis, 1896, p. 47 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 123 (1899).
The eggs of the Mediterranean Shearwater measure from 2'61
to 2-9 in length, and from 17 to 1-85 in breadth *. One specimen
possesses a considerable amount of gloss.
1. Cerbicali Islands, Corsica, 2nd June Seebohm Coll.
(J. Whitehead).
1. Cerbicali Islands, 2nd June. J. Whitehead, Esq. [0.].
1. Vacca, Sardinia, 26th May. Lord Lilford [P.].
1. Islet of Filfla, off Malta, June (C. Seebohm Coll.
A. Wright).
1. Isle near Naxos, Cyclades, 17th June Seebohm Coll.
( T. Sniper).
Puffinus puffinus (Linn.).
Puffinus anglorum, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 55. tig. 6 (1855-63) ;
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 514, pi. cxliv. fig. i (1856) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 517, part. (1876) ; Baird, Brewer Sf
Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 384 (1884) ; Seebohm, Brit.
Birds, iii. p. 420, pi. 56 (1885) ; Dixon, Ibis, 1885, p. 94; Seebohm,
Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 72, pi. 20. tig. 1 (1896) ; Salvin, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxv. p. 377 (1896).
Puffinus puffinus, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 123 (1899).
The eggs of the Manx Shearwater measure from 2-25 to 2-5 in
length, and from T53 to 1*8 in breadth.
1. Faroe Islands, 16th May (H. CMutter:
Hargitt Coll.).
1. Faroe Islands, 18th May (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll).
1. Faroe Islands, 26th May (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.).
3. Faroe Islands, 28th May (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.).
3. Faroe Islands, 2nd June (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.).
2. Faroe Islands, 4th June (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.).
3. Faroe Islands, 6th June (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.).
1. Faroe Islands, 10th June (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.).
2. Faroe Islands, 12th June (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.).
1. Shetland Islands (J. Hancock).
1. Orkney Islands.
1. Hoy, Orkney Islands, May
(J. H. Dunn: Hargitt Coll.).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
* The eggs of this species figured by Thienemann are much smaller than
any of those in the Collection.
154
5. St. Kilda, Hebrides, 10th June Seebohui Coll.
(C. Dixori).
1. Rathlin Island, 22nd May (M. It. Seebohm Coll.
Sf H. S.).
2. Rathlin Island, 23rd May (M. It. Seebohm Coll.
$H.S.).
Puffinus yelcouan (Ae&rbi).
(Plate XII. fig. 3.)
Puffinus anglorum, Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 517, part. (1876).
Puffinus yelkouan, Whitehead, Ibis, 1885, p. 48.
Puffinus yelkouanus, Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 379 (1896).
Puffinus yelcouan, Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 123 (1899).
The single egg of the Levantine Shearwater in the Collection is
inseparable from the eggs of P. puffinus. It measures 2P3 by 1*6.
1. Cerbicali Islands, Corsica, 2nd May. J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
Puffinus opisthomelas, Coues.
Puffinus gavia, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 389
(1884).
Puffinus opisthomelas, Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 380 (1896) ;
Anthony, Auk, 1896, p. 223 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 123 (1899).
The three eggs of the Black-vented Shearwater in the Collection
measure respectively : 2-42 by 1-62 ; 2-4 by 1-64 ; 2-22 by 1-61.
3. Natividad Island, Lower California, A. W. Anthony, Esq. [P.].
10th April.
Puffinus auduboni, Finsch.
Puffinus obscurus, Cory, Birds Bahama Islands, p. 219 (1880) ; Seebohm,
Brit. Birds, iii. p. 425, pi. 56 (1885) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds,
p. 72, pi. 20. fig. 2 (1896) ; Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 382,
part. (1896) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ix. (Suppl.) p. 403 (1896).
Puffinus auduboni, Baird, Brewer $• Ridgiv. Water Birds N. Am. ii.
p. 386 (1884); Feilden, Ibis, 1889, pp. 60, 503; Cory, Birds W.
Indies, p. 282 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 124 (1899).
The three eggs of Audubon's Dusky Shearwater in the Collection
measure respectively : 2-1 by 1'48 ; 2-05 by 1-46 ; 2*07 by 1-35.
1. Bahamas, 4th April (Diventz). Seebohm Coll.
2. Barbados, 22nd March. Col. H. W. Feilden [P.],
Puffinus subalaris, Ridgiv.
(Plate XII. fig. 4.)
Puffinus subalaris, Ridgw. Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus. xix. p. 650 (1897) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 124 (1899).
Puffinus obscurus subalaris, Rothsch. fy Hartert. Nov. Zool. vi. p. 195
(1899).
Two eggs of the Galapagos Shearwater measure respectively :
2-02 by 1-37 ; 2-01 by 1-39.
PUFEINUS.
155
1 . Culpepper Island. Galapagos, 27th July Webster-Harris Exped.
(CD. Hull}.
1. Culpepper Island, 27th July (F. P. Webster-Harris Exped.
I)roione).
Puffinus assimilis, Gould.
Puffinus nugax, Gould,
Nests fy Eggs Austr
Puffinus assimilis, Butter,
Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 384 (1896) ; Grant, Ibis, 1896,
f50; Dresser, Birds Eur. ix. (Suppl.) p. 407 (1896); Sharpe,
and-l. i. p. 124 (1899).
The eggs of the Allied Shearwater in the Collection measure
respectively : 1*9 by 1'45 ; 1-9 by 1-34 ; 2 by 1-43 ; 2 by 1-4.
p.
H
oppinger [P.].
. H.M.S. < Herald.'
1. St. Ambrose, 21st July. Dr. Co
2. Raoul Island, Kermadec Group, Voy.
Pacific Ocean, July (J.Macgillivray).
1. Great Salvage Island, 25th April. Hon. C. Baring & W. R.
Ogilvie Grant, Esq. [P.].
Puffinus carneipes, Gould.
Nectris carneipes, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 465 (1865) ; North,
Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 361 (1889).
Puffinus carneipes, Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 385 (1896) ; Sharps,
Hand-l. i. p. 124 (1899).
The eggs of the Fleshy-footed Shearwater in the Collection
measure respectively : 2'75 by 1-95 ; 2-85 by 1-83.
2. Australia (E. P. Ramsay).
Seebohm Coll.
Puffinus tenuirostris (Temm.).
Procellaria brevicauda, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xcii. fig. 7
(1845-54).
Puffinus obscurus, R. Ehves, Ibis, 1859, p. 397.
Nectris brevicaudus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 459 (1865);
North, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 360 (1889).
Puffinus tenuirostris, Butler, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 230 (1888) ;
Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 388 (1896); Montgomery, Ibis,
1898, p. 209 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 124 (1899).
The eggs of the Short-tailed Shearwater, or Mutton-bird, measure
from 2*5 to 2'9 in length, and from 1-65 to 1/9 in breadth.
1. Australia.
1. Gippsland, Victoria.
2. Goose Island, Bass Straits, 3rd March
(J. Macgillivray).
2. Bass Straits.
2. Port Davey, Tasmania.
2. Lord Howe Island, Dec. (J. Mac-
gillivray).
2. Lord Howe Island (E. Saunders).
Old Collection.
F.A.Philbrick,Esq.,Q.C.
Voy. H.M.S. ' Rattlesnake.'
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Voy. H.M.S. ' Herald.'
Seebohm Coll.
156
PT7FFINIDJE.
Puffinus nativitatis, Streets.
Puffinus nativitatis, Lister, P. Z. S. 1891, pp. 295, 300; Salvin, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxv. p. 389 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 124 (1899).
The single egg of the Christmas-Island Shearwater in the
Collection measures 2-3 by 1*45.
1. Phoenix Island, Phoenix Group, J. J. Lister, Esq. [P.],
Pacific Ocean, 29th June.
Genus MAJACtUEUS, Reichenb.
Majaqueus aequinoctialis (Linn.).
Procellaria sequinoctialis, Layard, Ibis, 1867, p. 459.
Majaqueus aequinoctialis, Sharpe, Phil. Trans. 168. p. 119 (1879) ;
Saunders, t. c. p. 164 (1879) ; Salvin, Zool. ' Challenger ' Exped.
ii. pt. viii. p. 143 ; Scl. t. c. p. 151 (1880) ; Salvin, Cat. Birds
£. M. xxv. p. 395 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 125 (1899) ; Hall,
Ibis, 1900, p. 21.
The eggs of the Great Black Petrel are regular broad ovals,
fairly smooth and white. With incubation, however, the shell
becomes much stained. They measure from 2-83 to 3*4 in length,
and from 1-95 to 2-23 in breadth *.
2. Kerguelen Island.
2. Kerguelen Island, 19th Nov. (A. E.
Eaton).
1. Kerguelen Island, 7th Dec. (A.E.E.).
2. Kerguelen Island, 8th Dec. (A.E.E.).
2. Kerguelen Island, 12th Dec. (A.E.E.).
1. Kergueleu Island, 13th Dec. (A.E.E.).
2. Kerguelen Island, 27th Dec. (A.E.E.).
Voy.H.M.S. < Challenger.'
Royal Society [P.].
Royal Society
Royal Society
Royal Society
Royal Society
Royal Society
Genus (ESTRELATA., Bp.
The Petrels of this genus lay white eggs. They are either of a
regular broad oval or of an elliptical shape. The shell is smooth
and without gloss.
(Estrelata lessoni (Gam.}.
(Estrelata lessoni, Sharpe, Phil. Trans. 168. p. 126 (1879); Saunders,
t. c. p. 164 (1879) ; Salvin, Zool. ' Challenger ' Exped. ii. pt. viii.
p. 144 (1880) ; Scl. t. c. p. 151 (1880) ; Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxv. p. 401 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 125 (1899) ; .Hall, Ibis.
1900, p. 23.
The eggs of Lesson's Petrel measure from 2*75 to 2*95 in length,
and from 1'92 to 2'05 in breadth.
* The egg figured by Thienemann under the name of Procellaria &qui-
noctialis (Fortpflanz. tab. xcii. fig. 6) is much too small to be accepted as that
of this species.
[P.].
[P.].
P..
UESTBKLATA. BULWEUIA. 1
10. Kerguelen Island. Voy. H.M.S. < Challenger.'
1. Kergueleu Island, 8th Dec. (A. E. Royal Society [P.],
Eaton).
1. Kerguelen Island, 21st Dec.(A.E.E.). Royal Society [P.
•1. Kerguelen Island, 22nd Vec.(A.E.E.). Royal Society
2. Kerguelen Island, 28th Dec. (A.E. E.). Royal Society
(Estrelata parvirostris (Peale).
(Estrelata paryirostris, Lister, P. Z. S. 1891, pp. 295, 300 ; Salvin, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxv. p. 405 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 125 (1899).
The three eggs of the Small-billed Petrel in the Collection measure
respectively: 2-25 by 1-62 ; 2-25 by 1-6 ; 2-25 by 1-63.
2. Phoenix Island, Phoenix Group, Seebohm Coll.
29th June (J. J. Lister).
1. Canton Island, Phoenix Group, Seebohin Coll.
6th July (J. J.L.).
(Estrelata brevirostris (Less.).
(Estrelata brevirostris. Sharpe, Phil. Trans. 168. p. 124 (1879) ; Saunders,
t. c. p. 164 (1879) ; Salvin, Cat, Birds B. M. xxv. p. 409 (1896) :
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 126 (1899).
The two eggs of the Short-billed Petrel in the Collection measure
respectively : 2-27 by 1-77 ; 2-2 by 1-7.
2. Kerguelen Island, 8th Nov. (A. E. Royal Society [P.].
Eaton).
(Estrelata neglecta (SchL).
CEstrelata neglecta, Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 412 (1896) : Sharpe.
Hand-l. i. p. 126 (1899).
The two eggs of the Soft-plum aged, or Downy, Petrel in the
Collection measure respectively : 2'62 by 1-84 ; 2-5 by 1-75.
2. Raoul Island, Kermadec Group, Gould Coll.
Pacific Ocean, July (J. Macyillivray).
Genus BULWERIA, Bp.
Bulweria bulweri (J. $ S.).
Thalassidroma bulwerii, Baedeker. EierJEur. TTig.t&b. 55. fig. 4 (1855-63) ;
Heicitson, Eyys of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 522, pi. cxlv. fig. iii (1856).
Bulweria columbina, Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 551 (1878) ; Koeniq
J. f. O. 1890, p. 289, tab. viii. fig. 11 ; Seebohm, Etws of Brit.
Birds, p. 73, pi. 20. fig. 3 (1896).
Bulweria bulweri, Baird, Brewer $• Ridyw. Water Birds N. Am. ii.
p. 398 (1884) ; Saloin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 420 (1896) ; Grant,
Ibis, 1896, p. 54; Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 127 (1899).
The eggs of Bulwer's Petrel are broad, blunt ovals, smooth,
158
PTTFFINID-E.
white and without gloss. They measure from 1-55 to 1*7 in length,
and from 1*18 to 1'25 in breadth.
2. [Madeira.]
5. Madeira (Baker).
2. Desertas, 15th June.
4. Desertas.
1. Porto Santo, 22nd June.
1. Porto Santo, 22nd June (Padre
Schmitz).
Old Collection.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Padre Schmitz [0.].
Seebohm Coll.
Padre Schmitz [C.].
Hon. C. Baring & W. R.
Ogilvie Grant, Esq. [P.].
Sub-Family FULMARIN^E.
Genus OSSIFRAGA, Hombr. fy Jacq.
Ossifraga gigantea (Gm.).
Procellaria gigantea, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xcii. fig. 3 (1845
54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 80. fig. 1 (1855-63) ; Abbott,
f Ibis, 1861, p. 164; Layard, Ibis, 1867, p. 458.
Ossifraga gigantea, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 443 (1865) ;
Travers, Tr. N. Z. Inst. v. p. 219 (1872); Sharpe, Phil. Trans.
168. p. 142 (1879) ; Baird, Brewer $ Ridgw. Water Birds N.
Am. ii. p. 363 (1884) ; Butter, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 225
(1888); Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 422 (1896); Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 127 (1899); Hall, Ibis, 1900, p. 25.
The eggs of the Giant Fulmar are roughly granulated, of an oval
form, plain white and without gloss. They measure from 3'85 to 4
in length, and from 2-35 to 2*7 in breadth.
2. [Southern Ocean.] Old Collection.
1. Falkland Islands ( C. C. Abbott}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Falkland Islands. Gould Coll.
Genus FULMARUS, Steph.
Fulmarus glacialis (Linn.).
Procellaria glacialis, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xcii. f
(1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 512, pi. cxliv.
(1856).
Fulmarus glacialis, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 55. fig. 1 (1855-63) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 535 (1878) ; Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw.
Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 366 (1884); Diron, Ibis, 1885, p. 92;
Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 430, pi. 56 (1885) ; id. Eggs of Brit.
Birds, p. 73, pi. 20. fig. 5 (1896) ; Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv.
p. 425 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 127 (1899).
The Fulmar, H. J. Elwes, Ibis, 1869, p. 32.
The eggs of the Fulmar Petrel are mostly of a broad oval shape ;
a few are biconical. They are rough and chalky in texture, without
gloss and plain white, but they soon become discoloured with in-
FT7LMARUS. DAPTION. 159
cubation. They measure from 2-55 to 3'05 in length, and from 1-75
to 2-1 in breadth.
1. Faroe Islands, 28th May (H. C. Seebohm Coll.
M tiller : Harcjitt Coll.}.
2. Faroe Islands, 1st June (H. C. M. : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.}.
5. Faroe Islands, 6th June (H. C. M. : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.}.
2. Faroe Islands, 17th June (H. C. M. : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.}.
1. Faroe Islands, 25th June (H. C. M. : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll).
4. Faroe Islands (H. C. M. : Hargitt Seebohm Coll.
Coll.).
1. Faroe Islands, 24th May (H. W. Seebohm Coll.
Feilden}.
2. St. Kilda, 22nd May (H. J. Elwes}. Seebohm Coll.
10. St. Kilda, June (C. Dixon}. Seebohm Coll.
3. Iceland ( W. Proctor}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. [Iceland.] Miss E. Mackenzie [P.].
Fulmarus glupischa, Stejn.
Fulniarus glacialis, Seebohm, Ibis. 1879. p. 25 ; id. Birds Japan. Emp.
p. 268 (1890).
Fulmarus glacialis glupischa, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgiv. Water Birds N.
Am. ii. p. 366 (1884).
Fulmarus glupischa, Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 427 (1896) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 127 (1899).
The single egg of the Pacific Fulmar in the Collection resembles
the eggs of F. glacialis, but is much smaller and of a smoother
texture. It measures 2*65 by 1*8.
1. Kurile Islands (H. J. Snow). Seebohm Coll.
Genus DAPTION, Steph.
Daption capensis (Linn.}.
Daption capensis, Sharpe, Phil. Trans. 168. p. 118 (1879) ; Legge,
Birds Ceyl. p. 1056 (1880) ; Salvin, Zool. < Challenger ' Exped. ii.
pt. viii. p. 144 (1880) ; Scl. t. c. p. 151 (1880) ; Baird, Brewer $ Ridgu*.
Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 400 (1884) ; Butter, Birds New Zeal.
2nd ed. ii. p. 215 (1888); Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 428
(1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 127 (1899) ; Hall, Ibis, 1900, p. 28.
The egg brought by the c Challenger ' Expedition, and attributed
to the Cape Pigeon with some doubt, is spheroidal in shape, fairly
smooth and plain white. It measures 2-12 by 1'75.
1. Kerguelen Island. Voy. H.M.S. ' Challenger.'
160
PUFVINID^E.
Genus HALOB-ffiNA, Is. Geoffr.
Halobaena caerulea (Gm.).
Halobsena caerulea, Sliarpe, Phil. Trans. 168. p. 141 (1879); Saunders,
t. c. p. 165 (1879) ; Butter, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 214
(1888) ; Salvinj Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 431 (1896) ; Sliarpe, Hand-L
i. p. 127 (1899).
The eggs of the Blue Petrel vary from a broad oval to an elliptical
form, and are smooth and often plain white. Some, however, are
marked with numerous very minute rufous dots over the greater
portion of the shell. They vary in size from 1-92 to 2 in length,
and from 1-45 to T57 in breadth.
1. Kerguelen Island, 29th Oct.
(A. E.Eaton}.
4. Kerguelen' Island, 24th Nov.
(A.E.E.).
Koyal Society [P.].
Royal Society [P.].
Genus PRION, Lacep.
The eggs of the Petrels of this genus are for the most part
elliptical in form, both ends of the eggs being quite similar. Occa-
sionally they are of a broad oval form and rarely spheroidal.
They are fairly smooth in texture, plain white and glossless.
Prion vittatus (Gm.).
Prion vittatus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 474 (1865) ; Trovers,
Tr. N. Z. Inst. v. p. 220 (1872) ; flutter, Birds New Zeal 2nd ed. ii.
p. 212 (1888) ; Forbes, Ibis, 1893, p. 542 ; Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxv. p.' 432 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-L \. p. 128 (1899).
Prion australis, Potts, Ibis, 1873, p. 85.
The eggs of the Broad-billed Petrel measure from 1-85 to 2-06 in
length, and from 1*35 to 1*45 in breadth.
2. St. Paul's Island, Indian Ocean.
3. St. Paul's Island, Jan. («/. Mac-
yillivray).
Gould Coll.
Voy. H.M.S. ' Herald.'
Prion desolatus (Ghn-.).
Prion turtur, Travers, Tr. N. Z. Inst. v. p. 220 (1872) ; flutter, Birds
New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 209 (1888) ; Le Souef, Ibis, 1895, p. 418.
Prion desolatus, Sharpe, Phil Trans. 168. p. 137 (1879) ; Saunders, t. c.
p. 165 (1879) ; Salvin, Zool. ' Challenger' Exped. ii. pt. viii. p. 145
(1880) ; Scl t. c. p. 151 (1880) ; Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 434
(1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 128 (1899) ; Hall, Ibis, 1900, p. 29.
The eggs of the Dove-Petrel measure from 1'8 to 2-05 in length,
and from 1'24 to 1'46 in breadth.
21. Kerguelen Island.
4. Kerguelen Island, 29th Nov.
(A.E.Eaton}.
1. Kerguelen Island, 13th Dec.
(A. E. E.}.
Voy. H.M.S. ' Challenger.
Royal Society [P.].
Royal Society [P. .
PELECANOIDIDJE. DIOMEDEID.E.
161
Family PELECANOIDID^.
The eggs of the Petrels of this Family are either spheroidal or
elliptical in form, but occasionally a specimen is of a broad oval
shape. They are fairly smooth, quite glossless and plain white ;
but apparently they soon become discoloured.
Genus PELECANOIDES, Lactp.
Pelecanoides urinatrix (Gm.).
Pelecanoides urinatrix, Sharpe, Phil. Trans. 168. p. 114 (1879) ; Saunders,
t. c. p. 164 (1879) ; Bxller, Birds of New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 207
(1888) ; Forbes, Ibis, 1893, p. 541 ; Saloin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv.
p. 437 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 128 (1899).
Pelecanoides berardi, Buller, Birds of New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 208
(1888).
The eggs of the Diving Petrel measure from 1-3 to 1/55 in length,
and from !•! to 1'3 in breadth.
Kerguelen Island (A. E. Eaton).
Kerguelen Island, 31st Oct. (A.E.E.}.
Kerguelen Island, 19th Nov. (A.
E. E.).
Kerguelen Island, 27th Nov. (A.
E. E.).
Koyal Society [P.].
Royal Society [P.].
Royal Society [P.],
Royal Society [P.].
Pelecanoides 'garnoti (Less.).
(Plate XII. fig. 8.)
Pelecanoides garnoti, Scl. Zool. ' Challenger' Exped. ii. pt. viii. p. ]51
(1880) ; Salvin, t.c. p. 146 (1880) ; id. Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 439
(1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 128 (1899).
The three eggs of Garnot's Diving Petrel in the Collection measure
respectively: 1-55 by 1-22; 1-55 by 1-25; 1-61 by 1-3.
1. Kerguelen Island.
2. Falkland Islands.
Voy. H.M.S. < Challenger.
Voy. H.M.S. ' Challenger.
Family DIOMEDEID^E.
The eggs of the Albatrosses are coarse in texture and without
gloss. They are usually of an elongated oval form with the smaller
end compressed and very often abruptly enlarged at the tip. They
vary from dull white to pale yellow in colour, and the broad end is
usually covered with a profusion of reddish-brown specks and dots
which form a cap. These markings also frequently extend over
a considerable portion of the shell.
VOL. i. M
162 PELECANOIDES.
Genus DIOMEDEA, Linn.
Diomedea exulans, Linn.
Diomedea exulans, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xcii. fig. 1 (1845-54) ;
Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 80. fig-. 2 (1855-63) ; Gould,. Handb.
Birds Austr. ii. p. 427 (1865); Layard, Ibis, 1867, p. 460; Bree,
Birds Eur. 2nd ed. v. p. 90, pi. — (1876) ; Baird, Brewer, fy
Ridyw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p, 347 (1884) j Buller, Birds New
Zeal 2nd ed. ii. p. 189 (1888) ; Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 441
(1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 128 (1899).
The two eggs of the Wandering Albatross in the Collection are
white, very sparingly stippled with reddish brown at the larger end.
They measure respectively : 4*85 by 3-1 ; 5-25 by 3*02.
2. Gough Island, South Atlantic Ocean. M. L. Bensusan, Esq. [P.].
Diomedea regia, Buller.
Diomedea exulans, Buller, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 189, part.
(1888).
Diomedea regia, Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 443 (1896) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 128 (1899).
The eggs of the Royal Albatross are of a dull yellowish white.
Of the ten examples in the Collection, only one is marked with a few
rufous specks on the larger end. They measure from 4'7 to 5-6 in
length, and from 3 to 3'25 in breadth.
4. Auckland Islands. Sir G. Grey [P.].
2. Auckland Islands, 3rd Dec. McCormick Bequest.
4. Campbell Island, New Zealand, McCormick Bequest.
16th Dec.
Diomedea chionoptera, Salvin.
Diomedea exulans, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 770(1875-84) ;
Salvin, Zool. 'Challenger' Exped. ii. pt. viii. p. 147 (1880); Sclater,
t. c. p. 151 (1880).
Diomedea chionoptera, Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 443 (1896) •
Sharps, Hand-l. i. p. 128 (1899) ; Hall, Ibis, 1900, p. 12.
The eggs of the White-winged Albatross are dull white, with a
large well-marked cap of rufous dots at the larger end. They
measure from 5 to 5'4 in length, and from 2-9 to 33 in breadth.
3. Marion Island, Indian Ocean. Voy. H.M.S. 'Challenger.'
1. Kerguelen Island. Voy. H.M.S. < Challenger.'
1. Crozet Islands. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
1. Crozet Islands. T. Galley, Esq. [P.J.
Diomedea albatrus, Pall.
Diomedea albatrus, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii.
p. 351 (1884) ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1890, p. 105 ; id. Birds Japan. Emp.
p. 261 (l&O); Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 444 (1896) ; Sharpe,
W-/.i.P.128(1899).
DIOMEDEA. 163
The eggs of the Short-tailed Albatross are dull white, and
are marked at the larger end with a profusion of red spots and
blotches, many of which are confluent and form a very distinct cap.
Isolated spots and markings of various sizes are often scattered
over the shell. The eggs measure from 4-4 to 4-9 in length, and
from 275 to 3'05 in breadth.
12. Bonin Islands, Japan, Nov. (P. A, Seebohm Coll.
Hoist).
Diomedea irrorata, Salvin.
Diomedea irrorata, Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 445 (1896) ; Rothsch.
# Hartert, Nov. Zool. vi. p. 192 (1899) ; Sharne, Hand-l. i. p. 129
(1899). .
The eggs of the Waved Albatross are dull white. Three specimens
in the Collection are perfectly plain. Two others have a few pale
purple spots and blotches at the broader end. They measure from
376 to 4-27 in length, and from 2-64 to 2-75 in breadth.
3. Hood Island, Galapagos, 26th Oct. Webster-Harris Exped.
(R. H. Beck}.
1. Hood Island, 26th Oct. (C. M. Webster-Harris Exped.
Harris).
1. Hood Island, 26th Oct. (F. P. Webster-Harris Exped.
Droivne).
Diomedea nigripes, Audub.
Diomedea nigripes, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii.
p. 355 (1884) ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1891, p. 191 ; Salvin, Cat. Birds B. 3d.
xxv. p. 445 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 129 (1899).
The sole egg of the Black-footed Albatross in the Collection is
dull brownish white, without markings. It measures 4'2 by 2-5.
1. Sulphur Island, Bonin Group, Japan, Seebohm Coll,
8th June (P. A. Hoist}.
Diomedea melanophrys, Temm.
Diomedea melanophrys, Abbott, Ibis, 1861, p. 165 ; Gould, Handb. Birds
Austr. ii. p. 438 (1865) ; Salvin, Zool. ' Challenger ' Exped. ii. pt. viii.
p. 148 (1880) ; Scl t. c. p. 151 (1880) ; Butter, Birds New Zeal.
2nd ed. ii. p. 198 (1888) ; Saloin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxy. p. 447
(1896) ; Skarpe, Hand-l. i. p. 129 (1899) ; Hall, Ibis, 1900, p. 17.
The eggs of the Black-eyebrowed Albatross are dull white, with
a well-marked cap of rufous specks and blotches at the larger end.
The three examples obtained by the 4 Challenger ' Expedition are
of very different sizes and are said to be eggs of the first, second,
and third year respectively. The smallest of these measures 3*8 by
2*1. Full-sized specimens measure from 3'8 to 4-5 in length, and
from 2-45 to 2-7 in breadth.
M2
104
ALCID.E.
3. Falkland Islands (C. C. Abbott).
3. Falkland Islands (C. C. A.).
2. Falkland Islands (C. C. A.).
3. Falkland Islands.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Voy. H.M.S. < Challenger.'
Genus PHXEBETRIA, Reichenb.
Phcebetria fuliginosa (Gm.).
Diomedea fuliginosa, Layard, Ibis, 1867, p. 458 ; Sharpe, ed. Layard,
Birds S. Africa, p. 773 (1875-1884): id. Phil. Tram. 168. p. 148
(1879) ; Saunders, t. c. p. 165 (1879) ; Bulkr, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed.
ii. p. 205 (1888).
Phcebatria fuliginosa, Campbell, Nests fyEggsAustr. Birds, p. 69 (1883) ;
Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 453 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i.
p. 129 (1899) ; Hall, Ibis, 1900, p. 18. »
Of the four eggs of the Black Albatross in the Collection one is
unspotted white ; two are white, with a well-marked rufous cap at
the larger end and some minute rufous specks over the remainder
of the shell ; and one is of a buff colour, minutely spotted all over,
but more densely at the larger end than elsewhere, with yellowish
brown and rufous. They measure from 3'6 to 4'2 in length, and
from 2-4 to 27 in breadth.
1. Island of Tristan d'Acunha.
1. Crozet Island (Capt. Armson).
2. Kerguelen Island, 13th Dec.
(A. E. Eaton).
E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
Koyal Society [P.]-
Order ALCIFOKMES.
The eggs of the birds of this Order vary much both in shape and
coloration. Some are white, but others can hardly be equalled for
richness and variety of colour by the eggs of any other birds. In
all cases they are very large and quite out of proportion to the size
of the bird.
Family ALCID^E.
Subfamily ALCIN.E.
Genus PLAUTUS, Brunnich.
Plautus impennis (Linn.).
Alca impennis, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. ivc. (1845-54) ; Baedeker,
Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 70. fig. 3 (1855-63) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit.
Birds, ii. p. 469, pi. cxxix. (1856) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 563
(1880); Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 371, pis. 40 & 41 (1885);
Grieve, The Great Auk or Garefowl, passim (1885) ; Seebohm, Eggs
of Brit. Birds, p. 91, pis. 27, 28 (1896).
Plautus impennis, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw., Water Birds N. Am. ii.
p. 467 (1884) j Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 563 (1898) ; Sharpe,
PLAUTUS — ALCA.
165
Hand-l i. p. 130 (1899) ; Bidwell, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, x. p. xxxiii
(1899).
The British Museum possesses two eggs of the Great Auk. These
two examples were glued down to boards and exposed to view in
the general gallery for many years ; they are consequently bleached
and valueless.
Their history is doubtful, and I quote Mr. Symington Grieve's
account (torn, cit., App. p. 29) of these two specimens : — " British
Museum. These two eggs probably come from Bullock's collection.
At the sale of Bullock's collection in 1819, two eggs were
included in the catalogue (one at p. 31 and the other at p. 131).
Both were bought by Leach, then keeper of the Zoological portion
of the British Museum, and these are presumably the two eggs now
in the Museum. One of them was actually packed in the same box
in which Bullock's bird from Papa Westra was ; but that does not
necessarily lead to the conclusion that the egg came from Papa
Westra. To judge from its age, Newfoundland is probably the
place of its origin. According to other accounts, these two eggs
originally belonged to Sir Hans Sloane, all of whose collections
became part of the British Museum."
One of these, in fairly good order, measures 4*6 by 2*9. The
second one. a good deal broken but admitting of accurate mea-
surement, measures 4-72 by 2-83. Both are broad ovals, inclining to
the pyriform.
The ground-colour is a dull creamy white, the shell rough and
without gloss. In one specimen the markings, which consist of
large, more or less confluent, dark brown blotches, are collected
chiefly at the larger end, forming a cap; in the second the
markings are spread over the whole shell, the larger ones, however,
being confined to the broad end, where they do not form a distinct
cap as in the first egg, but rather an irregular zone.
There are also casts of four eggs as noted below *.
2. Of uncertain origin. Old Collection.
Genus ALCA, Linn.
Alca torda, Linn.
Alca torda, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. iiic. fig. 3, a-g (1845-54) ;
Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 15. fig. 2 (1855-63) ; Heicitson, Ec/ys
of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 468, pi. cxxviii. (1856) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. viii.
p. 557 (1877) ; Baird, Brewer $ Ridyw. Water Birds N. Am. ii.
p. 472 (1884) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 375, pi. 42 (1885) ; id.
Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 92, pi. 24. figs. 1-4 (1896) ; Dixon, Ibis, 1885,
p. 90 ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 565 (1898) ; Sharne. Hand-l.
i. p. 130 (1899).
* 1. Cast of egg in the collection of Prof. A. Newton.
1. Cast of egg formerly in the collection of Mr. A. Troughton,
of Coventry.
1. Cast of egg in the collection of Mr. A. J. Wolley, and
formerly in the possession of Mr. Gould.
1. Cast of egg from the collection of Mr. Yarrell.
166 ALCID.E.
The eggs of the Eazorbill are generally regular ovals ; occasionally
specimens may be found with the two ends of much the same size.
The shell is coarse, rather rough to the touch, and without any gloss.
The ground-colour varies very greatly : white, pale blue, pink,
stone-colour, yellow and reddish brown being the more prevalent
tints. The markings vary from small specks to huge blotches, and
are dark reddish brown, approaching, in many cases, to black.
Some examples are marked entirely with specks : others with
blotches, which have a tendency to be confluent round the larger
end, and between these two types every variation may be found. The
dimensions range from 2*7 to 3'1 in length, and from 1'72 to 1'95 in
breadth. Three abnormally large eggs from Bempton, however,
measure from 3-6 to 3'75 in length, and from 2'15 to 2-2 in breadth.
1. America. J. Walter, Esq. [P.].
2. N. America (Henzhaw Coll.'), Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Whalefish Island, N.W. America. Dr. Robertson [P.].
1. Labrador. Sir Henry Peek [P.].
2. Greenland, June. Seebohm Coll.
6. Greenland, July. Col. H. W. Feilden [P.].
8. SalteeIslands,Co.Wexford,28thMay. Seebohm Coll.
4. Hebrides (F. Walker: Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.
15. St. Kilda, June (C. Dixon). Seebohm Coll.
4. Faroe Islands (HargiU Coll}. Seebohm Coll.
36. Faroe Islands (J2". C. Millie)' : Har- Seebohm Coll.
ffitt Coll.).
5. Shetland (R.Dunn: Hargitt Coll.}. Seebohm Coll.
3. Stromness, Orkneys (R. Dunn: Har- Seebohm Coll.
ffitt Coll.).
1. Scotland (Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.
1. Sutherlandshire (J. A. Harvie- Seebohm Coll.
Brown: Hargitt Coll.).
IS. Deebank, Aberdeen (Hargitt Coll). Seebohm Coll.
1. Great Britain. J. Walter, Esq. [P.],
4. Farn Islands (H. Seebohm). Seebohm Coll.
2d. Bempton, Yorkshire (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
2. Flamborough Head (Hargitt Coll). Seebohm Coll.
1. Tenby, Wales. Salvin-Godman Coll.
24. St. Davids, Wales, 28th May. Seebohm Coll.
1. Lundy Island, Bristol Channel. Seebohm Coll.
3. Lundy Island (Charbonnier: Hargitt Seebohm Coll.
Coll).
10. Stappen, Norway, 17th June (H. Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm).
1. Finland (MacGallen). Seebohm Coll.
Genus ALLE, Link.
Alle alle, Linn.
Alca alle, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vb'g. tab. vc. fi<r. 1, a-c (1845-54) ;
Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 380, pi. 45 (1885) ; id. Eggs of Brit.
Birds, p. 95, pi. 26. fig. 8 (1896).
Mergulus alle, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Tog. tab. 70. fig. 2 (1855-63) : Dresser,
Birds Eur. viii. p. 591 (1877).
ALLE. URIA. 167
Arctica aile, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 465, pi. cxxvii. fig. i
(1856).
Alle nigricans, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 40v>
(1884).
Alle alle, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 569 (1898) ; Sharp?,, Hand-l.
i. p. 130 (1899).
The eggs of the Little Auk are very regular ovals, fairly smooth
to the touch, but without any gloss. They are of a pale greenish
blue, most frequently unmarked. A few specimens, however,
exhibit some specks of yellowish brown and sometimes also some
streaks and markings of the same colour round the larger end.
They measure from 1*75 to 2-07 in length, and from 1-28 to 1*35
in breadth.
4. Greenland. Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Greenland (R. Milller). Seebohm Coll.
4. Greenland, June (E. Feneker}. Seebohm Coll.
2. North Greenland (H. Hawkins). Seebohm Coll.
2. Godhavn, Greenland. Seebohm Coll.
1. Godhavn, Greenland. Seebohm Coll.
4. Gronne, -Greenland, 25th June. Seebohm Coll.
2. Gronne, 3rd July. Seebohm Coll.
Genus UEIA, Briss.
Una troile (Linn.}.
Uria ringvia, Thien. Forfyflanz. ges. V'6g. tab. iic. fig. 1, a-c (1845-54) ;
Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 69. fig. 1 (1855-63).
Una troile, Thien. Fortyflanz. ges. Vog. tab. iic. fig. 2, a-f (1845-54) ;
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 455, pi. cxxiv. (1856) ; Baird,
Brewer $ Ridgtv. Water Bird* N. Am. ii. p. 477 (1884) ; Dix&n,
Ibis, 1885, p. 89 ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 573 (1898) ;
Sharp* , Hand-l i. p. 130 (1899).
Uria lorn via, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 15. fig. 1 (1855-63).
Alca troile, Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 567 (1877) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds
iii. p. 388, pis. 43 & 44 (1885) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 93, pi. 25
figs. 1-6 (1896),
The eggs of the Common Guillemot are of a long, narrow oval
form, tapering to the small «nd, which is not unfrequently enlarged
or swollen. The shell is rough in texture and without gloss.
They vary greatly in colour. The ground is of different shades
of blue, green, brown, yellow, pink or buff, and frequently it
is white. The underlying markings consist of blotches of grey
or pale purple and are seldom prominent. The surface-markings,
consisting of blotches, spots, streaks and lines of every conceivable
shape, are of different shades of brown, reddish brown, chocolate and
yellowish brown, and in many cases they are almost of a deep
black. These markings are frequently of great extent and cover
quite three-quarters of the surface of the shell ; at other times they
are merely spots, leaving almost the entire ground visible. Not a
few examples are covered with a close entanglement of lines which
produces a beautiful effect.
168
The magnificent series of eggs of this species in the Collection
was arranged in groups by the late Mr. Seebohm and represents
some thirty types or variations of coloration.
The eggs vary from 3 to 3-5 in length, and from 1/8 to 2 in
breadth. Specimens of abnormal size are not included in these
measurements. The smallest egg in the Collection measures 1*5
by 1-12.
1. Labrador (H. Bryant : Henshaw Salvin-Godman Coll.
Coll.}.
14. Rathlin Island, Ireland. R. Lloyd Patterson, Esq. [P.].
40. Saltee Islands, Ireland, May (H. Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm}.
4. St. Kilda, June (C. Dixori). Seebohm Coll.
14. Faroe Islands (H. C. Midler : Har- Seebohm Coll.
gitt Coll.}.
2. Orkneys. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Copinsha, Orkneys, June. Seebohm Coll.
25. Copinsha (Hargitt Coll.}. Seebohm Coll.
1. Bass Rock (H. Seebohm}. Seebohm Coll.
3. Deebank, Aberdeen (Hargitt Coll.}. Seebohm Coll. '"
1. England. J. Walter, Esq. [P.].
3. Earn Islands. W. Thorburn, Esq. [P.].
3. Earn Islands, June. Salvin-Godman Coll.
114. Earn Islands, June (Hargitt Coll.}. Seebohm Coll.
23. Earn Islands, June (H. Seebohm}.' Seebohm Coll.
147. Bempton Cliffs, Yorkshire (H. S.}. Seebohm Coll.
145. Bempton Cliffs (H. S. : Hargitt Seebohm Coll.
Coll.}.
4. Scarborough. W. Rooke, Esq. [P.].
31. Flamborough Head. Lord Londesborough [P.].
14. St. Davids, Wales, May & June. Seebohm Coll.
Uria ealifornica (Bryant).
Uria troile ealifornica, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii.
p. 483 (1884) ; Nelson, Report Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 45 (1887).
Uria troile, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 573, part. (1898).
Uria ealifornica, Sharpe, Hand- 1. i. p. 130 (1899).
The five eggs of the Californian Guillemot in the Collection are
of different types, all of which can, however, be matched by eggs
of U. troile.
2. N. America (W. Frazer}. Purchased.
1. N. America (Smiths. Inst.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Earallone Islands, California (F'. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Grueber : Henshaw Coll.}.
Uria lomvia (Pall.}.
Uria lorn via, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. iic. fig. !,«-<? (1845-54);
Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 577 part. (1898) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
i. p. 130 (1899).
Uria arra, Baedeker, Eier Enr. Vog. tab. 69. :h>. 2 (1855-63).
Uria brunnichii, Heivitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 460, pi cxxv. (1856).
TJRIA. — CEPPHUS.
160
Alca bruennichi, Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 575 (1877) ; Seebohm, Eggs
of Brit. Birds, p. 94, pi. 26. figs. 5, 6 (1896).
Una lorn via lomvia, Baird, Breicer fy Jlidyw. Water Birds N. Am, ii.
p. 485 (1884).
Alca troile brunnichi, Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 388, pis. 43, 44 (1885).
The eggs of Briinnich's Guillemot resemble those of U. troile, but
are perhaps, on the whole, less boldly marked. They vary in size
from 2-95 to 3-5 in length, and from 1 -8 to 2-15 in breadth.
.",. Dudley Diggs, Baffin Bay. _
(>. Frow Islands, N.W. America.
1 2. Sanderson's Hope, G reenland, 22nd
July (Col. H. W. Feilden).
3. Greenland.
1. Greenland.
1. Disco, Greenland.
1. Egedes-minde, Greenland.
1 . Godhavn, Greenland.
3. Sukkestappen, Greenland.
2. Iceland ( W. Proctor).
J. Novaya Zemlya, 7th June.
1. Novaya Zemlya.
2. Spitsbergen, 78°-79° N. lat., July.
2. Cape Flora, Franz Josef Land,
30th June.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Dr. "Robertson [C.].
Voy. II.M.S. < Alert.'
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
McCormick Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Admiral A. Markham [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
F. G. Jackson, Esq. [P.].
Uria arra (Pall.}.
Uria kmvia arra, Baird, Brewer 8>* Ridqw. Water Birds N. Am. ii.
p. 485 (1884) ; Nelson, Beport Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 45 (1887).
Alca troile arra, Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 388 (1885).
Alca troile, Seebohm, Birds Japan. Emp. p. 273, part. (1890).
Uria lomvia, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 577, part. (1898).
Uria arra, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 131 (1899).
The eggs of the Thick-billed Guillemot resemble those of U. troile
and U. lomvia, but, taken as a -whole, they appear to be characterized
by the paucity of their markings.
2. Japan (H. Pnjer).
4. Kurile Islands, Japan (H. J. Snow).
11. Commander Islands.
G. St. George's Island, Bering Sea,
27th June (H. W. Elliott:
Henshaiv Coll.).
2. St. Michael's, Alaska, 30th Aug.
(Henshaiv Coll.).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
G. E. H. Barrett-Hamilton,
^ Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Genus CEPPHUS, Pall
Cepphus grylle (Linn.).
Uria grylle, Thien. Foripflanz. ges. Vog. tab. iiic. fig. l,a-e (1845-54) ;
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 462, pi. cxxvi. (1856) j Dresser,
Birds Eur. viii. p. 581 (1877) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi.
p. 580 (1898).
170
ALCIP^E.
Grylle columba, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 70. fig. 1 (1855).
Cepphus grylle, Baird, Brewer $ Ridgtv. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 492
(1884) ; Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 131 (J899).
Alca grylle, Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 383, pi. 45 (1885) ; id. Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 94, pi. 26. fig. 4 (1896).
It is possible that some of the eggs enumerated below may
appertain to the closely allied race or species, C. mandti, but
there is no evidence to determine this.
The eggs of the Elack Guillemot are quite different from those
of Uria troile. They are of a regular broad oval form, slightly
rough, and they possess a small amount of gloss. The ground-
colour varies from a creamy white to pale blue pink or pinkish
buff. The markings, which consist of spots and blotches, are
pretty evenly distributed over the shell and are of a deep brown,
black, yellowish brown or chocolate colour. In addition, there are
underlying pale purple markings. Not unfrequently the markings
form a confluent broad zone round the larger end. Specimens
measure from 2'1 to 2-55 in length, and from 1*4 to 1*7 in breadth.
2. N. America (Henshaiv Coll.}.
3. Hudson's Bay.
4. James Bay, Hudson's Bay (C. Drex-
ler : Henshaiv Coll. ex Smiths.
Inst.}.
5. Labrador.
2. Fortune Bay, Newfoundland, 10th
July.
2. Fortune Bay, 10th July.
2. S. Greenland, June (R. Midler:
Hargitt Coll.}.
2. S. Greenland, 21st June (R. M.:
Hargitt Coll.}.
2. S. Greenland, 21st June (JR. M.:
Hargitt Coll.).
2. S. Greenland, 25th June (R. M.:
Hargitt Coll.}.
2. Greenland, June (R. M.: Hargitt
Coll.}.
2. Godthaab, Greenland, 18th June.
4. Greenland (E. Feneker : Hargitt
Coll.}.
2. Faroe Islands, 26th May (H. C.
Miiller : Hargitt Coll.}.
3. Faroe Islands, June (H. C. M.:
Hargitt Coll.}.
8. N. Uist, 6th June (E. V. Seebohm).
3. Fair Island, Orkneys.
2. Co. Waterford, 10th May (R. J.
Ussher}.
6. Kistrand, Norway, 21st June.
2. Esthonia, Russia, 18th June.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Sir H/ Peek [P.].
Col. H. W. Feilden [P.].
Col. II. W. Feilden [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
E. M. Nelson, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Cell.
PSEUDURIA. PTYCHORHAMPHUS. 171
Genus PSEUDURIA, Sharpe.
Pseuduria columba (Pall.}.
Cepphus columba, Baird, Breicer $ Ridyw. Water Birds N. Am. ii.
p. 494 (1884).
Una columba, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 586 (1898).
Pseuduria columba, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 131 (1899).
The eggs of the Pigeon Guillemot do not differ in any way from
those of Cepphus grylle.
1. Rosario Channel, Vancouver Island, Yoy. II. M.S. ' Plumper.'
8th June (Dr. Lyall).
2. Rosario Channel, 10th June (Dr. Voy. H-M.S. ' Plumper.'
Lyall).
r>. Waldron Island, Vancouver Island Voy. H.M.S. < Plumper.'
(Dr. Lyall).
4. Waldron Island, 23rd June (Dr. Voy. H.M.S. ' Plumper.'
Lyall).
2. Santa Cruz Island, California, 5th Salvin-Godman Coll.
June (Henshaiu Coll,}.
1. Lake Begles, California (F. Gruber). Purchased.
Pseuduria snowi (Stejn.).
(Plate XII. fig. 6.)
Uria columba, Blakiston $ Fryer, Trans. As. Soc. Jap. x. p. 91 (1882) ;
Seebohm, Ibis, 1884, p. 174.
Alca columba, Seebohm, Birds Japan. Emp. p. 275, part. (1890).
Uria snowi, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 588 (1898).
Pseuduria snowi, Sharps, Hand-l. i. p. 131 (1899).
The single egg of Snow's Guillemot in the Collection resembles
some of the eggs of Cepphus grylle. The ground is of a pale
blue, and this is marked pretty evenly all over with blotches
and spots of chocolate-brown and pale purple. It measures
2-45 by 1-53.
1. Kurile Islands, Japan (H. J. Snoiv). Seebohm Coll.
Sub-Family FRATERCULINJE.
Genus PTYCHORHAMPHUS, Brandt.
Ptychorhamphus aleuticus (Pall.).
(Plate XII. fig. 5.)
Ptvchorhamphus aleuticus, Baird, Brewer $ Ridr/w. Water Birds N. Am.
* ii. p. 517 (1884) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 599 (1898) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. \. p. 132 (1899).
The eggs of the Aleutian Auk are of a broad oval form, cbalky
172 ALCIDJ3.
in texture, glossless and pale bluish white. Four examples measure
respectively: T75 by 1-25; 1-8 by T24 ; 1-67 by 1-2: 1-7 by
3-25.
4. St. Geronimo Island, Lower Cali- A. W. Anthony, Esq. [P.].
forma, 16th March.
Genus SIMORHYNCHUS, Merrem.
The eggs of the Auks of this genus are of a pointed oval form,
fairly smooth, glossless and plain white.
Simorhynchus cristatellus (Pall.}.
Simorhynchus cristatellus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridqio. Water Birds N. Am.
ii. p. 512 (1884) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 601 (1898) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 132 (1899).
Fratercula cristateila, Seelohm, Birds Japan, Emp. p. 285 (1890).
The single egg of the Crested Auk in the Collection measures 2'12
by 1-4.
1. Kurile Islands, Japan (H. J. Snow). Seebohm Coll.
Simorhynchus pusillus (Pall).
(Plate XII. fig. 7.)
Ciceronia pusilla, Baird, Brewer & Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 507
(1884;.
Simorhynclms pusillus, Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 605 (1898) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 132 (1899).
The eggs of the Knob-billed Auk measure from 1-5 to 1-68 in
length, and from 1*05 to 1*15 in breadth.
3. St. George's Island, Pribylofi Group, Salvin-Godman Coll.
Bering Sea, June (H. H. Elliott :
Henshmv Coll.}.
3. St. Paul's Island, Pribyloff Group, G. E. H. Barrett-Hamilton,
24th-30th June. Esq. [P.]. -
Genus LUNDA, Pall.
Lunda cirrhata (Pall.).
Alca cirrhata, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. vc. fig. 6 (1845-54).
Lunda cirrhata, Baird, Brewer fy Ridf/w. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 532
(1884) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 612 (1898) j Sharpe t
Hand-l i. p. 133 (1899).
Fratercula cirrhata, Seebohm, Birds Japan Emp. p. 281 (1890).
The eggs of the Tufted Puffin are regular ovals with the small
end rather pointed ; the texture chalky and glossless. They are
either plain white, or white mottled with a few pale grey markings ;
they become much discoloured with incubation. They measure
from 2-65 to 3'03 in length, and from 1-81 to 1-96 in breadth.
FEATERCULA.
173
2. North America (Smiths. Inst.).
2. Lake Belles, California (F. Gruber) ,
5. Haro Channel, Vancouver Island
(Dr. Lyall).
7. Bering Isl., Commander Group,
12th July.
1. Kurile Island, Japan (H. J. Snoiv).
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Purchased.
Voy. IJ.M.S. 'Plumper.'
G. E. H. Barrett-Hamilton,
Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Genus FRATERCULA, Briss.
Fratercula arctica (Linn.).
Alca arctica, Thien. Fortpftanz. qes. Vog. tab. vc. fig1. 7, n-e (1845-54).
Fratercula arctica, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 80. fig. 6 (1855-63);
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 466, pi. cxxvii. fig. ii (1856) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 599 (1877) ; Baird, Brewer $ Ridgw. Water
Birds N. Am. ii. p. 524 (1884); Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 364, pi. 45
(1885) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 96, pi. 26. figs. 1, 2 (1896) ; Dixon,
Ibis, 1885, p. 9l ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 616 (1898) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 133 (1899).
The eggs of the Puffin, are of a rather pointed oval form, rough,
chalky, and without gloss. The ground is white or bluish white,
and this is spotted and blotched with pale purple or grey, and
frequently it is also marked with some yellowish-brown spots
and streaky scrawls. In some specimens, the markings are larger
and more prominent than in others. Some examples have so few
markings, and these are so small, that until closely examined they
appear to be of a spotless white. With incubation, the shell
becomes of a dark mahogany-brown colour. They measure from
2*15 to 2-7 in length, and from 1/55 to 1*75 in breadth.
1. Labrador.
2. Greenlaijd, 22nd June.
1. Greenland (Whiteaoes: Montreal
Museum).
1 . AVest Greenland.
3. Saltee Islands, Ireland, 28th May
(H. Saunders}.
5. Faroe Islands (H. C. Muller :
Harqitt Coll.}.
2. Faroe Islands (H. C. Midler}.
6. St. Kilda (C. Diron).
12. Farn Islands, 1st June (E. Hargitf).
10. Farn Islands, 28th May (H. See-
bohm).
4. Farn Islands, 24th May (E. V.
Seebohm).
2. N. Warmsey, Farn Islands, 18th
June (O. Salrin).
1. Tenby, Wales.
3. Lundy Island, Bristol Channel, May
(H. Saunders).
2. Penzance.
Sir H. Peek [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll. *
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
D. W. Mitchell, Esq. [P.].
174
Fratercula corniculata (Naum.).
Fratercula corniculata, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii.
p. 529 (1884) ; Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 620 (1898) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l i. p. 133 (1899).
The two eggs of the Horned Puffin in the Collection resemble
many of the eggs of F. arctica, but are larger. They are sparingly
blotched with very pale purple and they have, in addition, a
few yellowish -"brown lines and veins. They measure respectively •
2-8 by 1-91; 2-66 by 1-75.
1. Toporkoif Island, Bering Sea, 12th G. E. H. Barrett-Hamilton,
July. Esq. [P.].
1. Copper Island, Bering Sea. G. E. H. Barrett-Hamilton,
Esq. [P.].
Order LARIFORMES.
The identification of the eggs of the Terns, Gulls and Skuas
presents great difficulties, and they should always be particularly
well authenticated at the time they are taken from the nest.
The eggs of the Lariformes are usually of a regular oval form, but
numerous specimens depart from this, and are spheroidal, pyriform
or elliptical. The shell is slightly rough and seldom exhibits any
gloss. The markings are invariably of two kinds : the surface-
markings, which are usually of some shade of brown or occa-
sionally black ; and the shell-markings underlying the others,
which are usually of a pale purple colour.
The eggs of the Lariformes in some instances resemble those of
some species of the RaUiformes, and in others those of many species
of the Char adrii formes.
Family LARID^E.
Sub-Family STEB.NIN.E.
Genus HYDROCHELIDON, Boie.
Hydrochelidon leucoptera (Meisn. $ Schinz).
Sterna leucgptera, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Vog. tab. Ixxxv. fig. 4, a-f
(1845-54) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 257, pi. 49 (1885) ; id. Eggs
of Brit. Birds, p. 98, pi. 29. figs. 4, 6 (1896).
Hydrochelidon leucoptera, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 32. fig. 2
(1855-63) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 321 (1875) ; Legge, Birds
Ceyl p. 1000 (1880) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 6 (1896);
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 133 (1899).
The eggs of the White-winged Black Tern cannot be separated
HYDROCHELIDON. 175
from those of the Black Tern, described below. The specimens in
the Collection measure from 1-35 to 1*42 in length, and from '95 to
1-05 in breadth.
:!. Hungary, 12th June (T. Holland). Seebohm Coll.
:!. Volga, liussia. Saunders Coll.
2. S.E. Russia. Saunders Coll.
I. Southern Europe. R. T. Frere, Esq. [P.].
Hydrochelidon hybrida (Pall.).
Sterna hybrida, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Voq, tab. Ixxxv. fig. 1, a-^(184o-
54) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 260, pi. 49 (1835) ; id. Eggs oj
Brit. Birds, p. 98, pi. 29. figs. 8, 10 (1896) ; Gates ed. Hume, Nests
£ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p 305 (1890).
Hydrochelidon hybrida, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 32. fig. 1 (1855-
63) ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 399; Dresser, Birds Ear. viii. p. 315
(1877); Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 996 (1880); North, Nests fy Eggs
Austr. Birds, pp. 353, 402 (1889) ; Irby, Orn. Str. Gibr. 2nd ed.
p. 292 (1895) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 10 (1896) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 133 (1899).
The eggs of the Whiskered Tern are generally of a regular oval
shape, and pyriform examples are comparatively few in number.
The ground varies from cream-colour to buff, and about half the
number of the specimens in the Collection are distinctly tinged with
green. The markings, which consist of spots and small blotches, are
of a reddish-brown or blackish-brown colour, and they cover about
one-quarter of the surface of the shell. The underlying markings
are dull grey or pale purplish brown. The eggs vary from 1*39 to
1-65 in length, and from 1-02 to 1*2 in breadth.
3. Doiiana, Spain, 4th June (H. Seebohm Coll.
Saunders).
6. Donana, 4th June (H. Saunders). Saunders Coll.
7. San Lucar, Spain, June (H. S.}. Saunders Coll.
•2. South Spain. Lord Lilford [P.],
2. Seville, Spain (L. H. Irby). Seebohm Coll.
7. Seville, Spain, June (Ruiz). Seabohm Coll.
3. Gibraltar, May (L. H. Irby). Seebohm Coll.
4. LakeHalloula,Algeria(C«/^.Zoc&3). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Dobrudscha (H. F. Moschlc.r). Seebohm Coll.
I 1. Wullur Lake, Kashmir, 8th June. Hume Coll.
7. Kashmir. Hume Coll.
4. Kashmir, 8th June ( W. E. Brooks}. Hume Coll.
4. Etawah, 14th Aug. (A. O. Hume). Hume Coll.
3. Futtehgurh (A. Andernon). Saunders Coll.
3. Futtehgurh (A. A.). Saunders Coll.
Hydrochelidon nigra (Linn.).
Sterna nigra, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxv. fig. 5, a~f( 1845-54 );
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 488, pi. cxxxv. (1856) ; Seebohm,
Brit. Birds, i'ii. p. 254, pi. 49 (1883) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 97,
pi. 31. figs. 1, 3 (1896).
176 LARIDJE.
Hydrochelidon fissipes, Baedeker, Eier Ear. Voj. tab. 32. fig. 3 (1855-
63) ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 399.
Hydrochelidon nigra, Dresser, Bi>'ds Enr. viii. p. 327 (1876) ; Saunders,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 17 (1896) ; Sharpet Hand-l. i. p. 133
(1899).
The eggs of the Black Tern vary from a pointed oval form to
pyriform. The ground-colour ranges from pale buff to brownish
buff, and this is heavily blotched and spotted with reddish brown and
blackish brown. With few exceptions, these markings cover quite
half the surface of the shell and are often confluent, especially
over the broader half. The underlying markings are numerous
and of a dull grey colour. Specimens measure from 1'3 to 1'4G in
length, and from -9 to 1/05 in breadth.
2. Coto del Ptey, Spain (Lord Lilford}. Saunders Coll.
4. South Spain. Lord Lilford [P.].
14. Valkenswaard, Holland, 26th May Saebohm Coll.
(H. Seebohm}.
18. Valkenswaard ( W. Bridges}. Saunders Coll.
18. Holland (T. Baker}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
5. Holland. Lord Lilford [P.].
14. Kassarien Ptiver, Esthonia Seebohm Coll.
(Russoiv}.
2. Garde See, Pomerania, 26th May Seebohm Coll.
(H. Seebohm}.
12. Garde See, 30th May (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
Hydrochelidon surinamensis (Gm.}.\
(Plate XIII. fig. 5.)
Hvdrochelidon nigra surinamensis, Baird, Breioer fy Ridyw. Water Birds
N. Am. ii. p. 318 (1884).
Hydrochelidon surinamensis, Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 20
(1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 134 (1899).
The eggs of the American Black Tern are absolutely undistin-
guishable from the eggs of II. leucoptera and H. nigra.
1. Little Slave Lake, Canada (S.Jones: Salvin-Godman Coll.
Henshaw Coll.}.
13. Chicago ( C. E. Aiken: Henshaw Salvin-Godman Coll.
Coll.).
Genus PHAETHUSA, Wagler.
Phaethusa magnirostris (LicJit.}.
(Plate XIII. fig. 8.)
Sterna magnirostris, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Voy. tab. Ixxxii. fi?. 6
(1845-54).
Thalasseus magnirostris, Scl. fy Salv. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 200.
Phaethusa magnirostris, Scl fy Huds. Argent. Orn. ii. p. 194 (1889) ;
Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 23 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i.
p. 134 (1899).
GELOCHELIDON.
177
The eggs of the Great-billed Tern resemble many of those of the
Gull-billed Tern. The}' are of a broad oval or elliptical shape.
The ground is of a yellowish-buff colour, and it is marked, pretty
evenly all over, with spots and small blotches of yellowish brown
and pale purple. On some specimens the markings consist of short
thick lines and scrawls. The eleven examples measure from 1'73
to 1'97 in length, and from 1-35 to 1'41 in breadth.
11. Ucayali River, E. Peru, 10th Sept.
(E. Bartlett).
Saunders Coll.
Genus GELOCHELIDON, Bre/im.
Gelochelidon anglica (Mont.).
Sterna anglica, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxii. fig. 7, a-i (1845-
54); Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 398; Dresser, Birds Ear. viii. p. 295
(1877) ; Baird, Brewer $ Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 277
(1884) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 263, pi. 47 (1885) ; North, Nests
8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 355, pi. xvii. tig. 2 (1889) ; Oates ed. Hume,
Nests $ E<j</s Ind. B. iii. p. 304 (1890) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1891, p. 116;
Holland, Ibis, 1892, p. 212 ; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 99,
pi. 31. tigs. 6, 8 (1896).
Gelochelidon anglica, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vocj. tab. 24. fig. 3 (1855-63) ;
Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 364 ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 25
(1896) ; Sharpe, Hatid-l i. p. 134 (1899).
The eggs of the Gull-billed Tern are broad ovals, sometimes
slightly pointed at the small end. The ground varies from a grey-
ish or buffish white to a pale buff, stone-colour or brown. The
markings are of small size and are, as a rule, evenly distributed
over the shell. They consist of spots and blotches of dark brown or
olive-brown and very prominent underlying grey.
The above description applies to eggs from the Old World and
N. America. Those taken in South America are more varied, the
ground being frequently tinged with pale yellow, pale green or
pale blue, and the markings being much larger and consisting, very
often, of coarse blotches and streaks. They vary from 1*8 to 2'2
in length, and from 1*3 to 1-57 in breadth.
8. Marisnia, South Spain.
4. San Lucar, Spain, May.
3. Jutland, 6th June ( T. Holland).
3. Sporring, Jutland (T. H.).
29. Missolonghi, Greece, May (H.
Seebohm).
8. Missolonghi, May (W. H.
Simpson).
3. Missolonghi, 25th May.
4. Greece.
1. Greece.
1. Zana, Algeria (O. Salvin'].
25. Smyrna, Asia Minor, June
(//. Seebohm).
VOL. I.
Lord Lilford [P.].
Saunders Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
N
178
LARID2E.
6. Koormouza, Persian Gulf, May.
300. Warba Island, Persian Gulf,
3rd April (E. A. Butler}.
2. North America, 29th May.
2. Hog Island, Virginia (R. B. Hitz :
Henshaw Coll.}.
2. Hog Island, 1st July.
1. Cobbs Island, Virginia, 15th June.
1. Cobbs Island, 15th June.
3. Cobbs Island, 17th June.
2. Cobbs Island, 17th June.
4. Cobbs Island, 17th June.
1. Cobbs Island, 23rd June.
2. Cobbs Island, 23rd June.
1. Cobbs Island, 23rd June.
3. Cobbs Island, 23rd June.
2. Cobbs Island, 23rd June.
1. Cobbs Island, 27th June.
2. Cobbs Island, 27th June.
1. Cobbs Island, 3rd July.
2. Cobbs Island, 3rd July.
45. Argentine Republic, Dec.
W. D. Gumming, Esq. [P.].
Hume Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. E. D. Scott, Esq. [C.].
A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.].
Genus HYDROPROGNE, Kaup.
Hydroprogne caspia (Pall.).
Sterna caspia, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxiii. fig. 1, a-e (1845-
54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 477, pi. cxxxi. figs, ii, iii
(1856) ; Potts, Tr. N. Z. Inst. ii. p. 76 (1869) ; Dresser, Birds Eur.
viii. p. 289 (1877) ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1883, p. 398 ; Baird, Brewer $
Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 280 (1884) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds,
iii. p. 268, pi. 47 (1885) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii.
p. 295 (1890); Sharpe, Ibis, 1891, p. 115; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit.
Birds, p. 100, pi. 31. fig. 2 (1896).
Hydroprogne caspia, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 24. fig. 1 (1855-63) ;
Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 1008 (1880) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv.
p. 32 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 134 (1899).
Sylochelidon caspia, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 392 (1865) ; North,
Nests Sf Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 352, pi. xx. fig. 3 (1889).
The eggs of the Caspian Tern are very much larger than the eggs
of the Gull-billed Tern, but resemble them closely in shape and
coloration. They pass through the same variations as the eggs of
that species taken in Europe and Asia. Specimens measure from
2'3 to 2-75 in length, and from T7 to 1-9 in breadth.
6. Island of Sylt, N. Frisian Is.
5. Island of Sylt (Kjarbotting).
1. Island of Sylt (Hargitt Coll.).
5. Dobrudscha, Black Sea, 10th June.
1. Abdulla Bank, Persian Gulf, 24th
April.
2. Persian Gulf (E. A. Butler).
Saunders Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. D. Gumming, Esq. [P.].
Saunders Coll.
SEENA. STERNA. 179
106. Warba Island, Persian Gulf. Hume Coll.
3rd April (E. A. B.).
3. Bass Straits, Australia. Gould Coll.
Genus SEENA, Blyih.
Seena seena (Sylces).
(Plate XIII. fig. 7.)
Sterna seena, Legye, Birds Ceyl. p. 1003 (1880) ; Gates ed. Hume, Nests
$ Ef/f/s Lid. B. iii. p. 308 (1890).
Seena aurantia, Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 37 (1896).
Seena seena, Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 134 (1899).
The eggs of the Indian River-Tern are of a very broad oval form ,
extremely blunt at the smaller end, and frequently almost elliptical
in shape. The ground varies, being sometimes a greenish grey or
pale greenish stone-colour, and at other times a pale buff or dark
cream-colour, occasionally tinged with pink or with olivaceous.
The markings, which are deep brown of one shade or another,
consist of small blotches, spots, short lines and irregular streaks,
and are fairly evenly distributed over the shell. In a small propor-
tion of the specimens, the blotches are large, coarse, and few in
number. The underlying markings consist of clouds and spots of
pale purple. The eggs measure from 1/5 to 1-75 in length, and
from 1-17 to 1-32 in breadth.
13. India. Hume Coll.
1. Sind. Hume Coll.
4. Delhi, 14th May (C. T. Bingham). Hume Coll.
9. Mirzapur, 25th March. Hume Coll.
117. Allahabad, 7th Feb. (A. O. Hume}. Hume Coll.
7. Allahabad, 15th Feb. (A. O. H.}. Hume Coll.
75. Allahabad, 7th March (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
7. Allahabad, 14th March (A. O. H.}. Hume Coll.
•2. Allahabad, 18th March (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
:!. Etawah, 12tk-15th March (A. Hume Coll.
O. H.).
2. Etawah, 16th March (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
2. Etawah, 16th March (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
29. Port Canning, Calcutta, 3rd April. Hume Coll.
4. Futtengurh, 5th April (A. Ander- Saunders Coll.
son).
1. Futtehgurh, 19th April (A. A.). Saunders Coll.
5. Futtehgurh, 26th April (A. A.). Saunders Coll.
3. Futteho-urh, 30th April (A. A.}. Saunders Coll.
4. Wazirabad, 9th May. Hume Coll.
Genus STERNA, Linn.
Sterna melanogaster, Temm.
(Plate XIII. fig. 6.)
Sterna melanogaster, Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 1006 (1880) ; Gates ed. Hume,
180
LAEID^I.
Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 310 (1890) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxv. p. 43 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 134 (1899).
The eggs of the Black-bellied Tern are broad, pointed ovals. The
ground varies from cream-colour to buff, sometimes tinged with
very pale green. The markings are small and consist of specks,
streaks and spots of yellowish brown, chocolate-brown and, in some
cases, of black. These are somewhat sparingly distributed over the
whole shell. The underlying markings are large, conspicuous, and
of a pale purple colour. Two examples in the Collection are of a
plain, unspotted, pale blue. Specimens vary from !•! to 1/5 in-
length, and from -88 to 1-02 in breadth.
10. Eastern Narra, Sind (S. Doifj). Hume Coll.
1. Allahabad. Hume Coll.
9. Allahabad, 14th March. Hume Coll.
18. Allahabad, 16th March. Hume Coll.
2. Allahabad, 18th March. Hume Coll.
1. Futtehgurh, 3rd April (A. Ander- Saunders Coll.
son).
2. Delhi. Hume Coll.
5. Etawah, 12th March (A. O. Hume). Hume Coll.
1. Etawah, 16th March (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
2. Etawah, 6th April (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
2. Wazirabad, 9th March. Hume Coll.
Sterna forsteri, Nutt.
(Plate XIII. fig. 4.)
Sterna forsteri, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 292
(1884); Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 46 (1896); Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 134 (1899).
The eggs of Porster's Tern are of a regular but somewhat narrow
oval form. The ground is of a pale greyish green or pale buff
colour, and this is pretty thickly and evenly marked with spots and
blotches of dark blackish brown and underlying pale purple. They
measure from 1-65 to T76 in length, and from 1-13 to 1-25 in
breadth.
2. North America (H. E. Dresser).
1. North America (T. M. Breiver).
1. Shoal Lake (D. Ounn : Smiths.
Inst.).
I. Cobbs Island, Virginia, June.
1. Cobbs Island, June.
2. Cobbs Island, June.
1. Cobbs Island, June.
1. Cobbs Island, 21st June.
1 . Cobbs Island, 21st June.
1. Cobbs Island, 25th June.
1. Cobbs Island, 25th June.
2. Cobbs Island, 25th June.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godnian Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. E. D. Scott, Esq. [0.].
STERNA.
181
Sterna albistriata ( Gray}.
(Plate XIII. fig. 1.)
Sterna antarctica, Potts, Tr. N. Z. List. ii. p. 77 (1869); Butter, Birds
New Zeal 2nd ed. ii. p. 70 (1885).
Sterna albistriata, Saunders, Cat. Birds, xxv. p. 48 (1896) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 134 (1899).
The eggs of the Black-fronted Tern are pyriform, the smaller end
being somewhat sharply pointed. The ground-colour is pale green,
and this is spotted and boldly blotched with dark umber-brown
and pale underlying purple. Two examples measure respectively :
1-57 by 1-J5; 1-58 by 1-15.
•2. Canterbury, New Zealand, 20th Oct. Saunders Coll.
(J. R. C.}.
Sterna virgata, Cab.
(Plate XIII. fig. 3.)
Sterna virgata, Sharpe, Phil. Trans. 168. p. 112 (1879) ; Saunders, t. c.
p. 164 (1879) ; id. Zool. i Challenger ' Exped ii. pt. viii. p. 133 (1880);
id. Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 50 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 134
(1899); Hall, Ibis, 1900, p. 11.
? Sterna, sp. inc., Sclater, Zool. ' Challenger ' Exped. ii. pt. viii. p. 151
(1800).
The eggs of the Banded Tern vary greatly in shape, some being
long, narrow ovals and others short, broad ovals. The ground is
of an olive-buff colour, and this is spotted, streaked and blotched
with dark blackish brown and pale underlying purple. Nine
examples measure from 1-65 to 1-9 in length, and from 1'23 to
1-37 in breadth.
S. Kerguelen Island, Oct., Nov., Dec. Roval Society [P.l
(A. E. Eaton}.
1. Heard Island, Feb.* Voy. H.M.S. * Challenger.'
Sterna vittata, Gm.
(Plate XIII. fig. 2.)
Sterna rnelanorhyncha, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 398 (1865).
Sterna vittata, Sharpe, Phil. Trans. 168. p. 113 (1879) ; Saunders, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxv. p. 51 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 134 (1899).
The egg of the Southern Tern in the Collection is of an elongated
oval form and closely resembles the eggs of S. virgata. It measures
1-8 by 1-23.
1. St. Paul's Island (J. Macgillivray}. Voy. H.M.S. ' Herald.'
* I agree with Mr. Howard Saunders (I. c.) that this is the egg of 8. virgata
rather than of 8. vittata.
1 82
Sterna hirundinacea, Less.
(Plate XIII. fig. 9.)
Sterna cassinii, Abbott, Ibis, 1861, p. 166.
Sterna hirundinacea, Sounders, ZooL ' Challenger ' Exped. ii. pt. viii,
p. 135 (1880); Sclater, t.c. p. 151 (1880); Scl. 8f Hiids. Argent.
Orn. ii. p. 196 (1889) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 52
(1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 134 (1899).
The eggs of Cassin's Tern vary in shape from a narrow to a broad
oval, but the smaller end is always markedly pointed. The ground-
colour is also very varied, being pale green, creamy buff, reddish buff
or olive-buff. The markings consist of spots and blotches of blackish
brown and pale inky-purple. One example in the Collection is
white, with a few markings of the latter colour only. Specimens
measure from 1*75 to 2 in length, and from 1*3 to 1*45 in breadth.
1. Rio de Janeiro, 6th June (J. Young] . Saunders Coll.
17. Elizabeth Island, Straits of Magel- Voy. H.M.S. ' Challenger/
Ian, Jan.
3. Elizabeth Island, Nov. Dr. Coppinger [P.].
4. Falkland Islands (C. C. Abbott}. Gould Coll.
5. Falkland Islands (C. C. A.}. Gould Coll.
3. Falkland Islands ( C. C. A.). Saunders Coll.
2. Falkland Islands (C. C. A.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Falkland Islands (Dr. Deane). Saunders Coll.
3. Falkland Islands. McCormick Bequest.
Sterna fluviatilis, Nawn.
Sterna hirundo, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxiv. fig. 1, a-m
(1845-54); Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 7. fig. 1 (1855-63);
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 480, pi. cxxxiii. fig. iii (1856) ;
Baird, Brewer $ Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 295 (1884) ;
Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 280, pi. 46 (1885); id. Eggs of Brit.
Birds, p. 102, pi. 29. figs. 1, 3 (1896).
Sterna wilsonii, Eoss, Nat. Hist. Rev. 1862, p. 289 ; id. Canad. Nat. vii.
p. 154 (1862).
Sterna fluviatilis, Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 263 (1871) ; Legge, Birds
Ceyl. p. 1015 (1880) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 54 (1890) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 135 (1899).
The large series of eggs of the Common Tern embraces almost
every type to be found amongst the eggs of the Terns. They vary
in shape from broad, blunt ovals to pointed ovals and some ex-
amples are pyriform. The ground-colour varies from a pale greenish
white or bluish white to different shades of buff. The markings,
consisting of spots and blotches of blackish brown and underlying
grey or pale purple, are distributed over the shell in an infinity of
patterns. The eggs measure from 1-47 to 1*85 in length, and from
1-15 to 1-3 in breadth.
3. North America (T. M. Brewer}. Saunders Coll.
1. North America. H. F. Walter, Esq. [P.l.
2. Hudson's Bay. Gould Coll.
5. Slave Lake, Canada, June. B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.].
4. Hog Island, Virginia (Dr. Hitz: Salvin-Godman Coll.
Henshaw Coll.).
STERNA.
183
•2. Cobbs Island, Virginia, 29th May.
"2. Cobbs Island, June.
1. Cobbs Island, June.
1. Cobbs Island, June.
1. Cobbs Island, June.
1. Cobbs Island, June.
1. Cobbs Island, June.
2. Cobbs Island, 13th June.
1. Cobbs Island, 13th June.
2. Cobbs Island, 13th June.
1. Cobbs Island, 13th June.
3. Cobbs Island, 13th June.
2. Cobbs Island, 13th June.
3. Cobbs Island, 13th June.
2. Cobbs Island, 15th June.
1. Cobbs Island, 23rd June.
2. Cape Charles, Virginia, 18th June.
14. Keragh Islands, Ireland, 6th June
(R. J. Ussher).
8. Loch Ashie, Inverness, 3rd June
(E. Hargitl).
4. Nairn, June (H. Gunn: Hargitt
Coll.).
2. Nairn, June (H. G. Hargitt Coll.).
2. Nairn, June (H. G. Hargitt Coll.).
2. Nairn, June (H. G. Hargitt Coll.).
3. Nairn, June (H. G. Hargitt Coll!).
3. Nairn, June (H. G. Hargitt Coll.).
2. Nairn, June (H. G. Hargitt Coll.).
3. Nairn, June (H. G. : Hargitt Coll.).
2. Nairn, June (H. G. : Hargitt Coll.).
23. Farn Islands, June (H. Seebohm).
10. Farn Islands, June (E. Hargitt).
22. Farn Islands.
6. Farn Islands, 12th June.
5. Walney Island, 5th July.
1. Walney Island, 3rd July (P. God-
man).
3. Cley-next-the-Sea, Norfolk, June.
6. Wells, Norfolk.
6. Norfolk (Sayer).
5. Near Eastbourne, 3rd June
(H. Saunders).
3. Penzance.
3. Holland.
3. Island of Sylt, N. Frisian Is., June.
32. Missolonghi, Greece, 28th May
(H. Seebohm).
10. Lake Sinoe, Dobrudscha, 9th June
(H. S.).
Sterna macrura,
W. E. D. Scott, Esq. [C.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Saunders Coll.
H. Durnford, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
L. A. Williams, Esq. [P.I.
Dr. A. Giinther [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Saunders Coll.
D. W. Mitchell, Esq. [P.].
Lord Lilford [P.].
Saunders Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Na» in.
Sterna paradisaea, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Voq. tab. Ixxxiv. fig. 2, a-m
(1845-54).
Sterna macrura, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 7. fig. 2 (1855-63) ;
Fielden, Ibis, 1877, p. 408; id. in Nares's Narr. Voy. Polar Sea, ii.
p. 213 (1878); Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 62 (1896);
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 135 (1899).
184
LAEIDJS.
Sterna arctica, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 481, pi. cxxxiii.
figs, i, ii (1856) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 284, pi. 46 (1885) ;
id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 102, pi. 29. figs. 10, 12 (1896).
Sterna macroura, Ross, Nat. Hist. Rev. 1862, p. 289 ; id. Canad. Nat. vii.
p. 154 (1862).
Sterna hirundo, Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 255 (1872).
Sterna paradissea, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii.
p. 299 (1884) ; Nelson, Report Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 58 (1887).
The eggs of the Arctic Tern are, on the whole, somewhat smaller
than the eggs of the Common Tern. They do not, however, other-
wise differ, and they are subject to the same variations of colour and
shape. Among the specimens in the Collection are some which are
of a pale bluish white, very sparingly dotted with dark brown, and
one is quite unmarked. The eggs measure from 1-42 to 1*75 in
length, and from 1*03 to 1*2 in breadth.
2. North America.
3. North America (T. M. Brewer}.
4. North America (Smiths. Inst}.
4. Whalefish Island (Dr. Robertson).
4. Fort Yukon, Alaska (Henshaw Coll. ) .
17. Slave Lake, Canada.
2. Greenland.
3. Godhavn, Greenland (JR. Miiller).
4. Discovery Bay ( C. Hart).
2. Spitsbergen.
23. Faroe Islands (//. C. Miiller : Hargitt
Coll.).
2. Faroe Islands, June (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.}.
7. Faroe Islands, 18th June (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll}.
2. Faroe Island s, 21 st June ( H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll}.
2. Faroe Islands, 21st June (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll}.
2. Faroe 'islands, 21st June (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll}.
2. Farce Islands, 23rd June (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll}.
2. Faroe Islands, 23rd June (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.}.
2. Faroe Islands, 23rd June (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.).
2. Faroe 'islands, 23rd June (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll).
2. Faroe Islands, 23rd J une (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.).
2. Faroe Islan d s, 23rd June (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.).
6. Faroe Islands, 24th June ( H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll}.
2. Faroe Islands, 25th June (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll}.
5. Shetland Islands, July.
6. Foulney Island, 6th June
(H. Sounders).
Dr. Rae [P.].
Saunders Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Dr. Robertson [P.].
Salvin-Godnian Coll.
B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.].
Governor Holboll [P.].
Saunders Coll.
Voy. H.M.S. 'Discovery.'
McCormick Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll. .
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
STEKNA. 185
3. Farn Islands. Seebohm Coll.
4. Farn Islands, June (E. Hargitt). Seebohm Coll.
43. Farn Islands, June (H. Seebohm). Seebohm Coll.
-2. Carlskrone, Sweden, 26th May. Seebohm Coll.
1. Kugen, Baltic, June (T. Holland}. Seebohm Coll.
3. Holstein, N. Germany, June ( T. H.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Pomerania (T. H.). Seebohm Coll.
Sterna longipennis, Nordm.
(Plate XIV. fig. 4.)
Sterna longipennis, Seebohm, Birds Japan. Emp. p. 296 (1890); La Touche,
Ibis, 1892, p. 503 ; Sounders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 67 (1896) ;
Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 135 (1899).
Of the three eggs of jS"ordmann's Tern in the Collection, one is of
a lengthened pointed oval form and the other two are broad ovals,
but with the smaller end distinctly pointed. The ground is of a
pale buff or greenish buff, and this is marked in the usual manner
with blackish brown and pale purple. The specimens measure
respectively : 1-6 by 1-1 ; 1-55 by 1-12; 1-5 by 1-12.
:}. Yokohama, Japan (H. Pryer). Seebohm Coll.
Sterna albigena, LicJit.
(Plate XIV. fig. 5.)
Sterna senegalensis, Konig- Warih. Ibis, 1860, pp. 125, 432.
Sterna albigena, Gates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 311, footnote
(1890) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 69 (1896) ; Sharpe,
Hand-L i. p. 135 (1899).
The eggs of Lichtenstein's Tern are mostly of an oval form, with
the smaller end pointed. The breadth of the egg varies a good deal
in relation to the length, some examples being narrow and lengthened,
and others being broad and short. The ground is typically of a
warm creamy buff-colour, but sometimes it is whitish with a faint
bluish tinge, and sometimes of a pale cream-colour. The markings
are sparingly distributed over the shell and consist of spots and
small blotches of various shades of brown, ranging from yellowish
brown and chocolate-brown to blackish brown. There are also the
usual pale purple underlying markings. Some specimens are nearly
unmarked ; others are marked with small dots only. They measure
from 1-48 to 1-71 in length, and from 1-07 to 1-21 in breadth.
28. Island of Allah, Persian Gulf, 1st Hume Coll.
June (E. A. Butler}.
31. Island of Allah, 10th June (E. A.B.). Hume Coll.
3. Island of Allah (E. A. B.}. Saunders Coll.
2. Tungistau Island, Persian Gulf, 8th Hume Coll.
June (E. A. B.}.
8. Island 16 miles south of Bushire, Hume Coll.
13th July (E. A. B.).
1. Dhalak Archipelago, Red Sea Saunders Coll.
(Konig-von- Warthausen}.
186
IARTD2E.
Sterna dougalli, Mont.
Sterna dougalli, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxv. fig. 2, a-d
(1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. 479, pi. cxxxii. fig. i
(1856) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 273 (1876) ; Legge, Birds Ceyl.
p. 1033 (1880) : Baird, Brewer £ Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii.
p. 303 (1884) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 277, pi. 46 (1885) ; Oates
ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 301 (1890) ; Seebohm, Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 101, pi. 29. figs 7, 9 (1896) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxv. p. 70 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 135 (1899).
Sterna gracilis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 399 (1865).
The eggs of the Boseate Tern resemble those of the Common and
Arctic Terns and pass through the same variations of shape and
colour. They measure from 1-45 to 1-85 in length, and from 1-06
to 1-22 in breadth.
1. Cato Bank, North America.
2. Massachusetts (T. M. B reiver).
3. Muskegett Island, Massachusetts.
1. Goose Island, Connecticut, 18th June
(O. N. Brooke: Henshaw Coll.}.
3. Florida Cays.
3. Glashedy, Ireland, May.
1. Wideopens, Farn Islands, 23rd June
(O. Salvin).
2. Farn Islands (F. Bond}.
2. Coast of Wales, June.
3. Cornwall.
3. Andaman Islands, June (R. J.
Wimbcrley}.
2. Bird Island, Australia (/. Macgilli-
vray}.
2. Cape York, Australia.
7. New Caledonia, 1st Jan.
3. New Caledonia (J. Macgillivray}.
Saunders Coil.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Saunders Coll.
J. T. Proud, Esq. [P.].
D. W. Mitchell, Esq. [P.].
Saunders Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Sterna cantiaca, Gm.
Sterna cantiaca, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxiii. fig. 3, a-h
(1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 478, pi. cxxxii.
figs, ii, iii (1856) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 301 (1877) ; Seebohm,
Brit. Birds, iii. p. 272, pi. 48 (1885) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 100,
pi. 30. figs. 1-3 (1896) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 75
(1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 135 (1899).
Thalasseus cantiacus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 24. fig. 2 (1855-63).
Thalasseus acuflavklus, Salvin, Ibis, 1864. p. 386.
Sterna sandvicensis acuflavida, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. Water Birds
N. Am. ii. p. 288 (1884).
The eggs of the Sandwich Tern vary from a pointed oval form
to pyriform. The ground ranges from white, through cream-colour
and pale buff, to brownish buff. The markings are very bold as a
rule and consist of spots and blotches of dark brown approaching
black, and underlying inky-purple. The size, shape, and distribu-
tion of the markings of both kinds present almost endless variations.
STERNA.
187
Some examples are delicately marked with only small spots :
others are marked with huge confluent blotches measuring quite
an inch across, and between these two types every combination
occurs. They measure from 1-9 to 2-15 in length, and from 1-3 to
1*55 in breadth.
1. Findhorn, N.B., 22nd June.
7. Farn Islands (Hargitt Coll}.
4. Farn Islands, June (Hargitt Coll.).
4. Farn Islands, 4th June (Hargitt
Coll).
1. Farn Islands, 10th June.
5. Farn Islands, 12th June.
18. Farn Islands, 3rd June (H.
Seebohm).
50. Farn Islands, 18th June (H. S.).
4. Farn Islands, 19th June (H. &1.
22. Knox Island, Farn Islands, 18th
June (O. Salvin).
2. Bavenglass, Cumberland, 29th May.
3. Penzance.
1. Rottum, Holland (H. E. Dresser:
Hargitt Coll.).
2. Dutch Coast, June (T. Holland).
11. Island of Sylt, N. Frisian Is. (Baker).
6. Lake Since, Dobrudscha, 9th May.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst).
2. Florida (Henshaw Coll.).
1. Northern Two Cays, Brit. Hon-
duras (O. Salvin).
J. M. Chadwick, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Saunders Coll.
D. W. Mitchell, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Sterna maxima, Bodd.
(Plate XIV. fig. 7.)
Sterna maxima, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridqw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 284
(1884) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 80 (1896) ; Dresser, Birds
Eur. ix. (Suppl.) p. 383 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 135 (1899).
The eggs of the Great Tern are of a broad, pointed oval form.
The ground varies from cream-colour to pale buff and is often
tinged with pink. The surface-markings consist of spots and small
blotches of deep chocolate or blackish brown, and these are almost
invariably blurred and smudged at the margin. The underlying
markings are of a pale purple colour and are also blurred and ill-
defined. The markings of both kinds are equally, and not very
thickly, distributed over the whole shell. The eggs measure from
2*45 to 2-55 in length, and from 1-65 to 1*8 in breadth.
2. North America (Henshaw Coll.).
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.).
1. Cape Charles, Virginia, 18th June
(W. E. D. Scott).
6. Cobbs Island, Virginia, 2nd July
( W. Brewster).
2. Florida, June (C. J. Maynard)..
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salviu-Godman Coll.
Princeton Univ., N.J. [E.].
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
188
2. Florida. Prof. Owen [P.].
1. [Florida.] Princeton Univ., N.J. [E.].
1. San Pedro Cays, Jamaica (H. E. Saunders Coll.
Dresser}.
Sterna media, Horsf.
Sterna arabica, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxiii. fig. 4 (1845-54).
Thalasseus affinis, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 79. fig. 3 (1855-63).
Sterna affinis, Konig- Warth. Ibis, 1860, p. 127, pi. v. fig, 1 ; Bree, Birds
Eur. iv. p. 87, pi. — (1867).
Sterna media, Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 285 (1878) ; Leyge, Birds Cei/l.
p. 1030 (1880) ; Gates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs 2nd. B. iii. p. 299,
footnote (1890) ; Barnes, Jour. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. vi. p. 299,
pi.—, fig. 990 (1891); Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 86
(1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 135 (1899).
The eggs of the Allied Tern are of a pointed oval form. The
ground ranges from white, with a faint tinge of cream-colour, to
pink and pinkish buff. The surface-markings consist of specks,
spots and small blotches of blackish brown or black, and many of
them are blurred and tinged with rufous at the margin. On some
examples the markings consist entirely of small spots, in others
small blotches are intermingled with the spots. In a small number
the markings are very spare and consist of minute dots ; and
two or three specimens in the large series in the Collection are
absolutely unmarked. The underlying markings consist of small
clouds and blotches of very pale inky-purple. The eggs measure
from 1-9 to 2-35 in length, and from 1-38 to 1-5 in breadth.
389. Island near the Island of Arabe, Hume Coll.
Persian Gulf, 19th July (E. A.
Butler}.
Sterna bergii, Licht.
Sterna poliocerca, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxiii. fig. 2 (1845-54).
Thalasseus pelecanoides, Macgill. Voy. ' Rattlesnake? ii. p. 358 (1852).
Thalasseus velox, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 79. fig. 4 (1855-63).
Sterna velox, Konig- Warth. Ibis, I860, p. 127, pi. v. figs. 2, 3.
Thalasseus poliocercus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 396 (1865).
Sterna bergii, Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 1026 (1880) ; North, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 354, pi. xix. fig. 2 (1889) ; Gates ed. Hume, Nests $
Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 297 (1890) ; Barnes, Jour. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc.
vi. p. 298, pi. — . fig. 989 (1891); Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv.
p. 89 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 136 (1899).
The eggs of the Large Crested Tern are the most varied and the
most beautiful of all the eggs of the Terns, and it is impossible to
give an adequate description of them. In shape they are broad
ovals, strongly pointed at the small end. The ground is most
usually cream-colour, but many eggs have the ground buff, ochra-
ceous, reddish cream-colour, reddish buff, pale yellow, pale green,
pale blue and salmon-pink, both pale and rich. The underlying
markings are of a pale purple and are usually small and incon-
spicuous, but sometimes they consist of huge blotches, covering a
considerable portion of the shell. The surface-markings are of
a dark umber-brown or blackish 'brown, and many of them are
STERNA.
blurred at the margin, where they turn to reddish brown. They
are of every possible size and shape, varying from specks to large
blotches, smears and clouds. A characteristic of the eggs of this
Tern are the hieroglyphic-like lines and scrawls which are found on
a majority of the specimens. As in the case of the eggs of other
Terns, some are very sparingly marked and a few are quite un-
marked. They measure from 2-3 to 2-71 in length, and from 1'6
to 1*8 in breadth.
4. Suakiu Reefs, Red Sea, June to Capt. A. Carpenter [P.].
Aug.
19. Astola Island, Gulf of Oman, June Hume Coll.
(Capt. Wise).
121. Astola Island [June] (Capt. Wise). Hume Coll.
15. Astola Island (E. A. Butler}. Saunders Coll.
72. Astola Island, 27th May (E. A. B.}. Hume Coll.
183. Astola Island (E. A. B.}. Hume Coll.
8. Bramble Cay, Australia (J. Mac- Voy. H.M.S. ' Rattlesnake.'
gillivray).
5. Torres Straits, Dec. (J. Mac- Gould Coll.
qittivray).
2. N.W. Australia. Earl of Derby [P.].
2. Lizard Island, 12th May. Gould Coll. *
1. Port Essington. Gould Coll.
2. Australia. ' Gould Coll.
4. New Caledonia (J. Macgillivray}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Sterna frontalis, Gray.
(Plate XIV. fig. 6.)
Sterna melanorhyncha, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 398 (1865) ;
Campbell, Nests # Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 66 (1883).
Sterna frontalis, Buller, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 68 (1888) ; North,
Nests # Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 403 (1889) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxv. p. 97 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i.'p. 136 (1899).
The eggs of the White-fronted Tern in the Collection are of a
regular oval form and of an olive-buff colour of different shades,
speckled and blotched with dark umber-brown and underlying pale
purple. The markings are small and distinct and are equally
spread over the whole shell. Five specimens measure respectively :
1-8 by 1-27 ; 1'87 by 1-3 ; 2 by 1-44; 1-73 by 1-25 ; 1-76 by 1-26..
3. New Zealand. Dr. Lyall [P.].
2. Bird and Piper's Islands*, N.E. Voy. H.M.S. ' Rattlesnake/
Australia (J. Macgillivray).
Sterna aleutica, Baird.
(Plate XIV. fig. 9.)
Sterna aleutica, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 307
(1884) ; Nelson, Report Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 59 (1887) ; Saunders.
Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 98 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 136
(1899).
* This species is not included in the list of birds given by Macgillivray in
the Narrative of the Voyage of H.M.S. ' Eattlesnake.'
190 LABILE.
The eggs of the Aleutian Tern are of an oval form, somewhat
pointed at the small end. The ground-colour is olive-buff, and this
is marked with spots and blotches of dark chocolate or blackish
brown. On two examples, the blotches are more or less confluent
over the whole shell ; on a third, the blotches are smaller in size and
chiefly confined to a broad irregular band round the larger end.
The underlying markings are inconspicuous and of a pale purple
colour. Three specimens measure respectively : 1-6 by 1*1 ; 1'57
by 1-17; 1-67 by 1-15.
1. Alaska (Smiths. Inst.}. Saunders Coll.
2. Stewart Island, June (Henshaiv Coll.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Sterna lunata, Peale.
(Plate XIV. fig. 8.)
Sterna lunata, Lister, P. Z. S. 1891, p. 296; Saunders, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxv. p. 100 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-L i. p. 136 (1899).
The eggs of the Lunated Tern are of a broad, blunt oval form.
The ground is of a creamy- white colour, very faintly tinged with
pink, and this is pretty closely marked with well-defined small
spots and blotches of reddish brown. The underlying markings,
which are of a pale purple colour, are numerous and sometimes
consist of large smears, but usually they are small. Four examples
measure respectively: 1'53 by 1-17; 1'62 by 1-26 ; 1-7 by 1-22;
1-62 by 1-2.
4. Phoenix Island, Pacific Ocean J. J. Lister, Esq. [P.].
(.7. J. Lister}.
Sterna anaestheta, Scop.
Onychoprion panaya, Macgillivray, Voy. ' Rattlesnake? ii. p. 359 (1852).
Haliplana panaya, Salvin, Ibis, 1864, p. 381.
Onychoprion pauavensis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 411 (1865).
Sterna panaya, Finsch fy Hartl. Fauna Centralpolyn. p. 228, taf. iv.
figs. 1-3 (1867).
Sterna ansestheta, Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 1040 (1880) ; Baird, Brewer #
Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 316 (1884); Milne-Edwards $
Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois. ii. p. 658, pi. 308. fig. 6 (1885) ;
North, Nests # Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 356 (1889) ; Gates ed. Hume,
Nests $ Eggs Ind.'B. iii. p. 300 (1890) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxv. p. 101 (1896) ; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 105, pi. 31.
fig. 6 (1896) ; Sharps, Hand-l. i. p. 136 (1899).
The eggs of the Panayan Tern are usually of a blunt oval form,
but some are rather pointed at the smaller end. The ground
varies from cream-colour to rich pinkish buff, and this is marked
with specks, spots and blotches of rich reddish brown. These
markings are not very thickly distributed over the shell, nor are
they of very large size, but they are distinct and sharply defined, and
it is seldom that two or more markings are confluent. The under-
lying markings are of a pale purple colour and are seldom very
STERNA.
conspicuous. The eggs measure from
from 1*15 to 1*3 in breadth.
1. Saddle Cay, Brit. Honduras, 10th
May (O. Sakin).
15. Curlew Cay, Brit. Honduras, 14th
May (O. &).
9. Island 16 miles south of Bushire,
Persian Gulf, 13th July (E. A.
Butler).
36. Island of Allah, Persian Gulf, 1st
June (E. A. B.).
2. Island of Allah, 29th May (E. A.
B.).
1. Tungistan Island, Persian Gulf, 8th
June (E. A. B.).
2. North Australia (J. Macgillivray).
6. Montalivet Island, N.W. Australia,
7th July.
1. Dirk Hartog Island, West Australia.
3. Australia.
3. Polynesia.
191
1-6 to 1-88 in length, and
Salvin-Godrnan Coll.
Salviu-Godman Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume CoU.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Voy. H.M.S. < Rattlesnake.'
P. W. Bassett Smith, Esq.
Gould'Coll.
Earl of Derby [P.].
Saunders Coll.
Sterna fuliginosa, Gm.
Sterna fuliginosa, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxii. fig. 5 (1845-
54) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 307 (1877) ; Legge, Birds Ceyl.
p. 1036 (1880) ; Saunders, Zool < Challenger ' Exped. ii. pt. viii.
p. 136 (1880) ; Sclater, t. c. p. 151 (1880) ; Baird, Brewer $ Ridgiv.
Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 312 (1884) ; Milne-Edwards fy Grandidier,
Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois. ii. p. 660, pi. 308. figs. 7, 7 a (1885);
Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 292, pi. 48 (1885) ; MacFarkine, Ibis,
1887, p. 213 ; North, Nests # Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 357, pi. xxi.
fig. 1 (1889) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 303
(1890) ; Lister, P. Z. S. 1891, p. 296; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds,
p. 104, pi. 30. figs. 4-6 (1896) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv.
p. 106 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 136 (1899).
Haliplana fuliginosa, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 32. fig. 5 (1855-63).
Onychoprion fuliginosa, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 408 (1865).
The eggs of the Sooty Tern are of much the same type as those of the
Panayan Tern, but are somewhat larger ; the surface-markings are
coarser and of a brighter reddish brown, and they frequently blend
together at the broad end, to form an irregular cap or zone ; the
ground is more persistently of a cream-colour, and comparatively
few eggs are tinged with pink; the underlying markings are
generally large and show up well. Specimens measure from 1'85
to 2-2 in length, and from 1-25 to 1/5 in breadth.
1. North America (Henshaw Coll.).
2. Tortugas, Florida (S. L. Greenwood:
Henshaw Coll.).
•2. Florida Cays (H. E. Dresser).
4. Florida (Holbert : Henshaiv Coll.).
1. Ruatan Is., Honduras.
2. Pedro Cay, Jamaica (E. C. Taylor).
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
192
LAKTD^E.
5. Tortola Island, W.
Taylor}.
22. Ascension Island.
2. Ascension Island (Dr. Gill}.
4. Ascension Island, 30th April (Dr.
Purchas}.
6. Ascension Island (Lt. M. Squire,
H.M.S. 'Flora'}.
7. Ascension Island.
6. Ascension Island (Cant. Sperling,
K.N.).
3. Ascension Island (Rev. H. Hawkins :
Hargitt Coll.}.
2. Ascension Island.
28. Cherbaniani Reef , Laccadive Islands,
12th Feb. (A. O. Hume).
2. Round Island, Mauritius.
8. Australia.
15. Raine Island, Barrier Reef,
Australia.
17. Lord Howe Island (E. Saunders}.
11. Howland Island, Gilbert Group,
Pacific Ocean.
8. Phoenix Island, Pacific Ocean, 29th
June.
4. Christmas Island, Pacific Ocean,
Oct. (J. R. H. MacFarlanc, R.N.}.
Indies (E. C. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Surgeon Comry, R.N. [P.],
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Voy. H.M.S. < Challenger/
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
F. A. Barratt, Esq. [P.].
Hume Coll.
E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
Gould Coll.
Voy. H.M.S. < Challenger.'
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
J. J. Lister, Esq. [P.],
Saunders Coll.
Sterna nereis (Gould}.
(Plate XIV. fig. 1.)
Sternula nereis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 402 (1865) ; Campbell,
Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 67 (1883) ; North, Nests # Eggs
Austr. Birds, pp. 358, 404 (1889).
Sterna nereis, Buller, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 75 (1888) ; Saunders,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 112 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 136
(1899).
The eggs of the Fairy Tern are of a broad oval form, rather
pointed at the small end. The ground varies from cream-colour to
light butY, and this is marked all over with spots and small blotches
of yellowish brown in some specimens, blackish brown in others.
These markings are well-defined. The underlying clouds and spots
are of a pale purple colour. Seven examples measure from 1*25 to
1-42 in length, and from 1 to 1'03 in breadth.
4. New Caledonia.
3. West Australia.
Saunders Coll.
Gould Coll.
Sterna sinensis (Gm.}.
Sterna sinensis, Legge, Birds Ceyl p. 1019 (1880); Parker, Stray
Feathers, ix. p. 490 (1881) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs 2nd. B.
iii. p. 312, part. (1890) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 113
(1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 136 (1899).
Sternula sinensis, North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 405 (1889) j
Seebohm, Birds Japan. Emp. p. 298 (189U).
STERNA.
193
The eggs of the White-shafted Little Tern do not differ in any
respect from those of S. minuta described below.
4. S.E. Ceylon, 30th June. Saunders Coll.
4. Yokohama (H. Fryer). Seebohm Coll.
Sterna minuta, Linn.
Sterna minuta, Thien. Foripflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxv. fig. 3 a-f (1845-
54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 7. fig. 3 (1855-63) ; Hewitson,
Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 484, pi. cxxxiv. fig. i (1856) ; Dresser,
Birds Eur. viii. p. 279 (1876) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 289,
pi. 46 (1885) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 103, pi. 29. figs. 2, 5
(1896) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 116 (1896) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 136 (1899).
Sternula minuta, Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 399.
Sterna sinensis, Gates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 312, part.
(1890).
The eggs of the Little Tern are of an oval shape, but decidedly
pointed at the small end. The ground varies from very pale cream-
colour to drab or buff, and this is rather thickly marked with spots
and blotches of different shades of dark brown. The markings are
generally bold, and some of the blotches are of large size. The
underlying markings are of a pale inky-purple and are usually well
developed. The dimensions vary from 1*15 to 1-3 in length, and
from -85 to 1-05 in breadth.
3. England.
6. Farn Islands, 29th May.
2. Walney Island, Lancashire, 3rd
July (P. Godman).
2. Walney Island, 4th June (H.
Saunders).
6. The Warren, Carnarvon, 20th &
22nd May (F. Nicholson : Har-
gitt Coll.}.
5. Near Lydd, Kent, 25th May.
4. Duugeness, Kent, 10th June.
4. Island of Sylt, N. Frisian Is., June.
3. Island of Sylt (Baker).
2. Island of Sylt, 2nd June.
2. Jutland, 30th May (Ellingren).
3. R. Guadalquivir, Spain.
1. South Spain.
172. Missolonghi, Greece, 31st May
(H. Seebohm).
3. India.
50. Eastern Narra, Sind (Scrope Doig).
2. Wazirabad, India, 28th April.
3. Delhi, 14th May (C. T. Bingham).
11. Etawah, 6th April.
3. Mirzapur, 25th March.
2. River Niger, W. Africa.
Montagu Coll.
W. Thorburn, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Col. W. Verner [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Saunders Coll.
H. Durnford, Esq. [P.I.
Seebohm Coll.
Lord Lilford [P.].
Saunders Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coli.
Dr. Cuthbert Christy [P.].
VOL. I.
194
LAKID^E.
Sterna saundersi, Hume.
(Plate XIV. fig. 2.)
Sterna saundersi, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 1023 (1880) ; Saunders, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxv. p. 120 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 136 {1899).
Sterna sinensis, Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Egos Ind. B. iii. p. 312, part.
(1890).
The eggs of the Black-shafted Little Tern are of a broad oval form,
with the small end very slightly compressed. All the specimens
in the Collection are very uniform in coloration, and although
they can be matched by some of those of S. minuta, they are, as
a rule, very recognizable. The ground is of a creamy-buff colour.
The markings are very small, consisting of dots, streaks and lines,
and there is seldom a mark which can be termed a blotch.
Moreover, the markings are rather sparingly spread over the shell,
and present a very delicate appearance. The surface-markings are
yellowish brown, with occasionally a darker or blackish -brown spot,
and the underlying ones are of a pale grey colour. In size the eggs
do not differ from those of 8. minuta.
2. Suakin Reefs, Red Sea. Capt. A. Carpenter [P.].
16. Karachi, May (E. A. Butler). Hume Coll.
Sterna antillarum (Less.).
(Plate XIV. fig. 3.)
Sterna antillarum, Salmn, Ibis, 1864, p. 384 ; Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw.
Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 309 (1884) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxv. p. 122 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 137 (1899).
The eggs of the Least Tern are not separable from those of
S. minuta. They vary from 1-15 to 1'3 in length, and from -81 to
•95 in breadth.
3. North America. Saunders Coll.
2. North America (T. M. Brewer). Saunders Coll.
1. North America (T. M. Brewer). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. North America. A. D. Bartlett, Esq. [P.].
5. Hog Island, Virginia, 5th June Salvin-Godman Coll.
(It. B. Hitz: Henshaw Coll.).
2. Cobbs Island, Virginia, June. W. E. D. Scott, Esq. [C.].
1. Cobbs Island, June. „ „
1. Cobbs Island, June. „ „
1. Cobbs Island, June. „ „
2. Cobbs Island, June.
2. Cobbs Island, 5th June.
1. Cobbs Island, 5th June. „ „ }~ ^
2. Cobbs Island, 5th June. „ „
2. Cobbs Island, 5th June.
2. Cobbs Island, 17th June.
2. Cobbs Island, 27th May.
2. Cobbs Island, 27th May.
2. Cobbs Island, 27th May.
I
STERNA. 195
•2. Cobbs Island, 27th May. VV. E. D. Scott, Esq. [C.].
2. Cobbs Island, 27th May. „ „
51. Baragat Beach, New Jersey, „ „
June.
4. Eastern N. American Coast
(C. Pennock).
Sarasota Bay, Florida, 29th W. E. D. Scott, Esq. [C.]. J> §
May.
2. Sarasota Bay, 29th May.
3. Sarasota Bay, 29th May.
2. Sarasota Bay, 29th May.
2. Sarasota Bay, 29th May.
2. Sarasota Bay, 29th May.
25. Grassy Cay, Brit. Honduras, Salvin-Godman Coll.
19th May (O. Salvin}.
„
3
Sterna superciliaris,
(Plate XV. fig. 1.)
Sterna superciliaris, Sd. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 200 ; Scl. $ Huds.
Argent. Orn. ii. p. 197 (1888) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv.
p. 124 (1896) ; Sharps, Hand-l. i. p. 137 (1899).
The eggs of the Eyebrowed Tern are similar to many of those
of S. minuta, the ground-colour being of a warm buff and the
markings rather small and delicate. In fact, the markings are
intermediate in size between those on the eggs of S. minuta and
those of S. saundersi. Eight specimens vary from 1'17 to 1-23 in
length, and from *91 to '95 in breadth.
6. Huallaga River, E. Peru, 21st July Saunders Coll.
(E. Bartlett).
2. Upper Amazons (E. Bartlett). Seebohm Coll.
Sterna melanauchen, Temm.
(Plate XY. fig. 3.)
Sterna melanauchen, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxii. fig. 2
(1845-54) ; Macgillivray , Voy. l Rattlesnake,' ii. p. 358 (1852) ;
Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 400 (1865) ; Campbell, Nests #
Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 67, pi. — . fig. 606 (1883) ; North, Nests 8f
Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 356 (1889) ; Gates ed. Hume, Nests % Eggs
2nd. B. iii. p. 302 (1890) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 126
(1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 137 (1899).
The eggs of the Black-naped Tern are of an oval form, but
somewhat sharply pointed at the smaller end. The ground-colour
varies, being white, creamy white, pale buff or pinkish buff, and this
is usually boldly marked with spots and blotches which vary in
colour from yellowish brown to chocolate-brown, and are generally
more frequent at the larger end than elsewhere. The underlying
markings of pale purple are of large size and well-defined. Some-
times an example may be found which is marked with only a few
dots. The eggs measure from 1-4 to 1*65 in length, and from 1'05
to 1-2 in breadth.
u 2
196 LARIDJE.
2. Mauritius. Sir E. Belcher [P.].
3. South Andamans, June (R. J. Saunders Coll.
Wimberley).
28. Nicobar Islands (R. J. Wimberley). Hume Coll.
9. Bird and Piper's Islands, N.E. Voy. H.M.S. < Rattlesnake/
Australia (J. Macgillivray) .
2. Piper's Island, 26th Sept. (/. Gould Coll.
Macgillivray ) .
Sterna trudeaui, Audub.
(Plate XV. fig. 7.)
Sterna trudeauii, Baird, Brewer 8r Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii.
p. 290 (1884) ; Holland, Ibis, 1890, p. 428 ; 1892, p. 212 ; Saunders,
P. Z. S. 1891, p. 373 ; id. Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 130 (1896).
Sterna trudeaui, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 137 (1899).
Of the three eggs of Trudeau's Tern in the Collection, two are of
a long, narrow, oval form, and one is a broad, but pointed, oval. The
ground-colour is olive-buff, and the surface-markings are of a
chocolate or blackish-brown. In one example they consist chiefly of
large smears and blotches; in the other two, of spots and small
blotches, distinct and well defined. At the larger end there are a
few scrolls and twisted lines. The underlying markings are of a
pale purple colour. The three specimens measure respectively ;
1-63 by 1-2 ; 1-82 by 1-17 ; 1'75 by 1-23.
3. Argentine Republic, Nov. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.].
Genus PROCELSTERNA, Lafresn.
Procelsterna caerulea (F. D. Bennett).
(Plate XV. fig. 2.)
Anous cinerea, apud Finsch fy Hartl. Fauna Central-poly n. p. 239, pi. iv.
figs. 4, 5 (1867).
Anous caeruleus, MacFarlane, Ibis, 1887, p. 213 ; Lister, P. Z. S. 1891,
pp. 296, 300.
Procelsterna caerulea, Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. j.33 (1896) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 137 (1899).
The eggs of the Blue Noddy are represented in the Collection by
only three specimens. Of these, two are quite similar to the eggs of
P. cinerea described below, but are smaller. The third is of a
pinkish-buff colour marked with a very few scattered reddish-
brown spots, except at the apex of the broad end, where the spots
are thickly disposed and are intermingled with some hieroglyphic-
like lines. The three eggs measure respectively : 1'4 by 1'07 ; 1*5
by 1-03; 1-48 by 1-03.
1. Christmas Island, Pacific Ocean, Saunders Coll.
7th Oct. (J. R. H. MacFarlane,
R.N.).
2. Canton Island, Phoauix Group, J. J. Lister, Esq. [P.].
Pacific Ocean, July.
rROCELSTERNA. — ANGUS.
197
Procelsterna cinerea (Gould).
Procelsterna albivitta, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 420 (1865) ;
Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 68 (1883).
Anous cinereus, Crowfoot, Ibis, 1885, p. 265 ; North, Nests 8f Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 376, pi. xxi. fig. 6 (Ii
Procelsterna cinerea, Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 135 (1896);
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 137 (1899).
The eggs of the Grey Noddy are of a broad oval or elliptical
form. The ground is of a pinkish-cream colour, and this is very
sparingly marked all over with specks, spots, and lines of yellowish
brown and reddish brown. The underlying markings are of a pale
purple colour and are very inconspicuous. In a few specimens the
markings are rather thickly disposed over the larger end. Eleven
examples vary from 1-62 to 1'72 in length, and from 1*15 to 1*3
in breadth.
Norfolk Island (Wilson).
Norfolk Island.
Norfolk Island.
Lord Howe Island, Sept. (J. Mac-
gillivray).
Gould Coll.
E. Saunders [C.l.
Dr. W. M. Crowfoot [P.].
Voy. H.M.S. < Herald.'
Genus ANOUS, Steph.
Anoas stolidus (Linn.).
Sterna stolida, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vb'g. tab. Ixxxii. fig. 4 (1845-54) ;
Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 105, pi. 31. figs. 4, 5 (1896).
Anous stolidus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vb'g. tab. 32. fig. 4 (1855-63) ;
Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 413 (1865); Saunders, Zool.
'Challenger' Exped. ii. pt. viii. p. 137 (1880); Scl. t. c. p. 151
(1880) ; Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 1043 (1880) ; Baird, Brewer $ Ridgw.
Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 325 (1884) ; Milne-Edwards $ Grandidier,
Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois. ii. p. 663, pi. 308. fig. 4 (1885) ; MacFarlane,
Ibis, 1887, p. 210 ; North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, pp. 358, 375,
pi. xxi. fig. 2 (1889) ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. iii,
p. 315 (1890) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 136 (1896) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 137 (1899).
The Noddy, Salvin, Ibis, 1864, p. 383.
The eggs of the Noddy are of a regular oval form. The ground
varies from white to a pinkish stone-colour and is marked with
various shades of reddish brown. The markings consist of spots
and blotches and are often blurred at the margins. In some cases,
these are sparingly scattered over the whole shell ; in others they
are more frequent at the larger end than elsewhere, where they
form a cap or zone. Occasionally an example is boldly blotched all
over, and sometimes the markings are almost entirely absent.
The underlying markings are of a pale purple colour. The eggs
measure from 1-9 to 2-3 in length, and from 1-3 to 1-55 in breadth.
2. America (Smiths. Inst.).
2. America (Henshaw Coll.).
3. Tortugas, Florida (T. J. Greenwood).
8. Coast of British Honduras.
3. Southern Water Cay, Brit. Honduras Salvin-Godman Coll
(0. Salvin).
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
U.S. Nat. Museum [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
198
Hon- Salvin-Godman Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Sir E. Belcher [P.]. .
E. L. Layard, Esq. "[P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Transit of Venus Exped.
Gould Coll.
Voy. H.M.S. < Challenger/
Gould Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Rev. S. J. Whitmee [0.].
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
3. South-west-of-all Cay, Brit.
duras,|12th May (O. S.).
•2. Glover's Reef, Brit. Honduras ( 0. S.).
5. Ascension Island (Dr. Gill).
4. Mauritius.
2. Round Island, Mauritius.
1. Sandy Island (E. L. Layard).
6. Rodriguez Island (H. H. Slater).
5. Australia.
9. Raine Island, Barrier Reef, Australia.
2. Ho wick Islands, N.E. Australia (J.
Macgillivray) .
3. Lord Howe Island.
2. Ellice Islands.
2. Sala y Gomez Island, Pacific Ocean
(J. R. H. MacFarlane).
2. Ninafou or Hope Island, Navigator
Group.
Anous ridgwayi, Anthony.
(Plate XV. fig. 6.)
Anous stolidus ridgwayi, Anthony, Auk, 1898, p. 36 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i.
p. 137 (1899).
The three eggs of Ridgway's Noddy contained in the Collection
are remarkable for their very feeble coloration. The ground is
white or of a very pale cream-colour. At the larger end of each egg
there is a cluster of spots and small blotches of rusty brown, but
elsewhere the surface-markings are almost absent, consisting of
only a few small spots widely scattered. The underlying markings
of very pale purple are more evenly distributed over the whole
shell. The three examples measure respectively : 2'04 by 1-43 ;
2-1 by 1-45; 2-1 by 1-44.
3. Socorro Island, 12th May.
A. W. Anthony, Esq. [P.].
Anous galapagensis, Sharpe.
(Plate XV. fig. 5.)
Anous galapagensis, Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 143 (1896) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 137 (1899).
Anous stolidus galapagensis, Rothsch. fy Hartert, Nov. Zool. vi. p. 191
(1899).
The eggs of the Galapagos Noddy are smaller than the majority
of those of A. stolidus, but do not otherwise differ. The six
specimens contained in the Collection can be easily matched by eggs
of that species. They measure from 1-85 to 2'01 in length, and
from 1-3 to 1-35 in breadth.
1. Culpepper Island, Galapagos, 27th Webster-Harris Exped.
July (<?. D. Hull).
1. Culpepper Island, 27th July (C. M. Webster-Harris Exped.
Harris).
1. Culpepper Island, 27th July (Otto Webster-Harris Exped.
Limbke) .
MICRANOUB.
199
1. Culpepner Island, 29th July (C. D. Webster-Harris Exped.
1 . Culpepper Island, 29th July ( C. D. H.) . Webster-Harris Exped.
1 . Culpepper Island, 29th July ( C. D. H.). Webster-Harris Exped.
Genus MICRANOUS, Saunders.
Micranous tenuirostris (Temm.).
Anous nielanops, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 417 (1865) ; Campbell,
Nests £ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 68 (1883).
Anous tenuirostris, Milne-Edwards fy Grandidier, Hist Nat. Madag., Ois.
ii. p. 665, pi. 308. fig. 3 (1885) ; North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds,
p. 359 (1889).
Micranous tenuirostris, Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 144 (1896) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 138 (1899).
The only egg of the Lesser Noddy in the Collection is of a
remarkably long and narrow shape. It is cream-coloured, sparingly
marked (except at the broad end, where the markings are rather
thickly disposed), with spots and tiny blotches of chocolate-brown.
The underlying markings are of a pale purple colour. It measures
1-92 by 1-2.
1. Seychelles (Paris Museum). Saunders Coll.
Micranous leucocapillus (Gould).
Anous tenuirostris, Salvin, Ibis, 1864, p. 383.
Anous leucocapillus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 419 (1865) ;
Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 68, pi. — . fi> 615 (1883).
Anous raelanogenys, Crowfoot, Ibis, 1885, p. 264 ; MacFarlane, Ibis, 1887,
p. 214 ; North, Nests Sf Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 376, pi. xxi. fig. 5 (1889).
Micranous leucocapillus, Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 145 (1896) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 138 (1899).
The eggs of the White-capped Noddy are mostly of a broad oval
form, but some are quite elliptical. The ground varies from
nearly pure white to cream-colour and pale pink. The markings
on nearly all the eggs are confined to the larger end, but in a few
they are evenly spread over the whole shell. The surface-markings,
which vary in size from specks and spots to huge blotches, are of a
deep reddish brown or chocolate-brown, and with these are some-
times intermingled some lines and comma-like dashes. The under-
lying markings are of a pale purple colour, few and inconspicuous.
Feebly marked examples are not uncommon, the markings con-
sisting of only a few dots. The eggs measure from 1-65 to 1-95
in length, and from 1-2 to 1*32 in breadth.
24. South-west-of-all Cay, Brit. Hon-
duras, 12th May (O. Salvin).
2. Glover's Reef, Brit. Honduras, May
(O. Salvin).
4. Philip Island, near Norfolk Island,
Nov.
2. Norfolk Island.
2. Vostock Island, Low Archipelago,
22nd Oct. (J. It. H. MacFarlane}.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
i
Saunders Coll.
Dr. W. M. Crowfoot [P.],
Dr. W. M. Crowfoot [P.].
Saunders Coll.
200 LARID.E.
Genus GYGIS, Wagler.
Gygis alba (Sparrm.}.
Gygis Candida, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 405 (1865) ^- Milne-
Edwards 8f Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois. ii. p. 660, pi. 308.
figs. 5, 5 a (1885) ; Crowfoot, Ibis, 1885, p. 266 ; North, Nests fy Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 374, pi. xxi. fig. 4 (1889) ; Lister, P. Z. S. 1891,
p. 297 ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 149 (1896).
Gygis alba, Sharpe, Hand-Li, p. 138 (1899).
The eggs of the White Tern are more uniformly elliptical in shape
than those of any other member of this Family. The ground varies
and is dull white, cream-colour, stone-colour or pale buff. The
markings are of an extraordinary character, consisting of scrolls,
lines, specks, spots and blotches, thickly spread over the egg, and
forming a very handsome pattern. The surface-markings vary from
pale yellowish brown to brown and blackish brown, and the under-
lying markings are of a pale purple colour. In some examples the
markings, although everywhere dense, are still more crowded at the
larger end and form a zone. Numerous specimens vary from 1/52
to 1*8 in length, and from 1-17 to 1'32 in breadth.
3. Ascension Island (Dr. Gill). Saunders Coll.
3. Mauritius. Sir E. Belcher [PA
4. Rodriguez Island (H. H. Slater). Transit of Venus Exped.
1. Ducie Island, South Pacific. Saunders Coll.
2. Phoenix Island *, Phoenix Group. J. J. Lister, Esq. [P.].
29th June.
2. Canton Island *, Phoenix Group, 1st J. J. Lister, Esq. [P.].
July.
1. Hull Island* Phoenix Group, llth J. J. Lister, Esq. [P.].
July.
Sub-Family RHYNC HOPING.
Genus RHYNCHOPS, Linn.
Rhynchops nigra, Linn. ,
(Plate XY. fig. 8.)
Rhvnchops nigra, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vb'g. tab. Ixxxii. fig. 1 (1845-54);
' Baird, Brewer $ Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 192 (1884) ;
Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 153 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i.
p. 138 (1899).
The eggs of the Black Skimmer vary from a long and narrow to a
broad pointed, oval form. The ground varies from cream-colour to
* These eggs may possibly be those of the closely allied G. kittlitzi,
Hartert, but no specimen of the bird from the Phoenix Islands is available for
examination.
RHYNCHOPS. 201
very pale buff, and is sometimes tinged with pink. The markings
consist of spots and blotches of most irregular shape, and two or
more are often confluent, forming a huge patch. Most of the
markings are blackish brown, frequently turning to pale chestnut
or red at the edges ; some are entirely reddish brown. The under-
lying markings are of an inky-purple colour and are of the same
size and disposition as the surf ace- markings. The eggs measure
from 1-6 to 1-95 in length, and from 1*2 to T35 in breadth.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.\ Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. North America (T. M. Breiver). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Cobbs Island, Virginia, 15th June. W. E. D. Scott, Esq. [0.].
2. Cobbs Island, 17th June. „ „
2. Cobbs Island, 20th June. „ „
2. Cobbs Island, 20th June. „ „
1. Cobbs Island, 23rd June. „ „
1. Cobbs Island, 23rd June. „ „
1. Cobbs Island, 23rd June. „ „
1. Cobbs Island, 23rd June. „ „
3. Cobbs Island, 23rd June. „ „
1. Cobbs Island, 27th June. „ „
3. Cobbs Island, 27th June. „ „
3. Cobbs Island, 27th June. ,, „
3. Cobbs Island, 27th June. „ „
3. Cobbs Island, 27th June. „ „
3. Cobbs Island, 27th June. „ „
4. Cobbs Island, 27th June. „ „
4. Cobbs Island, 27th June. „ ,,
4. Cobbs Island, 27th June. „ „
3. Cobbs Island, 27th June. „ „
3. Cobbs Island, 27th June. „ „
2. Cobbs Island, 27th June. „ „
2. Cobbs Island, 28th June. „ „
3. Cobbs Island, 28th June. '„ „
2. Cape Charles, Virginia, 18th June. „ „
2. Cape Charles, 18th June. „ „
3. Florida. Sir Richard Owen [P.].
Rhynchops melanura, Sivains.
(Plate XV. fig. 9.)
Rhynchops melanura, Scl. fy Salv. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 201; Saunders,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 156 (1896) : Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 138
(1899).
The eggs of the Black-tailed Skimmer are of a broad oval form,
short and rounded. The ground is of a pale buff colour, and this
is spotted and blotched all over with chocolate-brown and underlying
pale purple. Eleven specimens measure from 1-55 to T8 in length,
and from 1-25 to 1-4 in breadth.
11. Ucayali River, Upper Amazonia Saunders Coll.
(E. Bartlett).
202 LAREDO.
Rhynchops flavirostris, F.
Rhynchops flavirostris, Baedeker, L. Brehm Sf A. Brehm, J.f. 0. 1853,
App. p. 117, tat. v. fig. 2; Heugl Vog. N. O.-Afr. ii. pt. 11, p. 1463,
pi. 50. fig. 3 (1873) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 158 (1896) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 138 (1899).
The eggs of the Yellow-billed Skimmer resemble those of
R. melanura, but are smaller. Some of the specimens are of a
remarkably narrow, elongated form. They measure from 1*53 to
1-64 in length, and from 1-12 to 1-17 in breadth.
4. River Niger, W. Africa. Dr. Cuthbert Christy [P.].
6. Ambukol, Soudan, May (Col. Seebohrn Coll.
W. Vemer).
I. South Africa. Old Collection.
Rhynchops albicollis, Swains.
(Plate XV. fig. 4.)
Rhynchops albicollis, Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Egqs Ind. B. iii. p. 316
(1890) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 159 (1896) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 138 (1899).
The eggs of the Indian Skimmer are of a broad oval form, more
or less pointed at the smaller end. The ground varies from pale
cream-colour to pale buff, and, when the eggs are fresh, it is fre-
quently tinged with grey, green or pink. The markings, which
consist of bold streaks and blotches, are of a reddish-brown or
chocolate-brown colour, and sometimes they are so intensely dark
as to appear almost black. There are also the usual underlying pj.le
purple markings. As pointed out by Mr. Hume, the streaks
frequently lie at an angle with the longitudinal axis of the egg.
The eggs measure from 1*45 to 1-75 in length, and from 1'05
to 1'3 in breadth.
6. India. Gould Coll.
45. Wazirabad, 1st May. Hume Coll.
3. Delhi (C. T. Bingham}. Hume Coll.
1. Delhi. Hume Coll.
3. Futtehgurh, 3rd April (A. Ander- Saunders Coll.
son).
8. Futtehgurh, 30th April (A. A.). Seebohm Coll.
24. Allahabad, 14th March (C. T. Hume Coll.
Bingham).
10. Allah'abad, 18th March (C. T. B.). Hume Coll.
2. Mirzapur ( W. E. Brooks}. Seebohm Coll.
18. Etawah, 16th March (A. O. Hume}. Hume Coll.
II. Etawah, 12th-15th March Hume Coll.
(A. O. H.}
3. Etawah, 6th April (A. 0. H.). Hume Coll.
1. Moulmein, Burma. Hume Coll.
XEMA. CREAGRUS.
203
Sub-Family LARIN^E.
Genus XEMA, Leacli.
Xema sabinei (J. Saline).
(Plate XVIII. fig. 3.)
Xema sabinii, Newton, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 57, pi. iv. fig. 5 ; Dresser, Birds
Eur. viii. p. 337 (1874) ; Nelson, Rep. Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 56
(1887) ; MacFarlane, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 419 (1891) ;
Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 162 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l \.
p. 139 (1899).
Xema sabini, Baird, Brewer $ Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 269
(1884).
Larus sabinii, Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 298, pi. 54 (1885) ; id. Eggs
"(18"
of Brit. Birds p. 105, pi. 36. fig. 8
The eggs of Sabine's Gull are usually of a pointed oval form,
but some are pyriform. In coloration, they closely resemble the
eggs of the Skuas. The ground is of a brown colour of various
shades, tinged with olive. The markings consist of spots and small
blotches, are pale and indistinct, and are pretty evenly distributed
over the whole shell, but in a few specimens there is a tendency for
these to form a zone or imperfect cap at the larger end. The
surface- markings are brown ; and the underlying markings greyish
brown. Numerous examples measure from 1*62 to 1'95 in length,
and from 1-17 to 1-33 in breadth.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Voy. H.M.S. ' Enterprise.
Saunders Coll.
5. North America (Henshaiv Coll.}.
2. East of Anderson River, Arctic
America (Henshaw Coll.}.
2. St. Michael's, Alaska, 6th June
(E. W. Nelson}.
3. St. Michael's, 13th June (E. W. N.).
2. St. Michael's, 6th June (Henshaiv
Coll.}.
1. Cambridge Bay, Arctic America
(Capt. Collinson}.
3. Franklin Bav (R. MacFarlane,
R.N.).
Genus CREAGRUS, Bp.
Creagrus furcatus (Neboux).
(Plate XVI, fig. 3.)
Xerna furcata, Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 165 (1896) ; Rothsch.
fy Hartert, Nov. Zool. vi. p. 196 (1899).
Creagrus furcatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 139 (1899).
The eggs of Neboux's Gull are of a perfectly regular oval form.
The ground is of a light cream-colour or very pale buff, occasion-
ally with a faint tinge of green. The underlying markings are
numerous, large, and of a pale purple colour. The surface-markings ,
consisting of spots and large blotches of deep chocolate-brown or
blackish brown, are evenly distributed over the shell, but as in
204 LAKID^!.
the case of the eggs of most Gulls, they are much bolder at the
larger end than elsewhere. Five specimens measure from 2-5 to
2-62 in length, and from T75 to 1-8 in breadth.
1. Wenman Island, Galapagos, 31st July Webster-Harris Exped. .
(C.M.Harris).
1. Wenman Island, 31st July ( C. M. H.). Webster-Harris Exped.
1. Wenman Island, 31st July( C. M. H.). Webster-Harris Exped.
1. Wenman Island, 4th Aug. (JR. H. Webster-Harris Exped.
Beck).
1. Culpepper Island, Galapagos, 28th Webster-Harris Exped.
July (C. M. Harris).
Genus LARUS, Linn.
Larus minutus, Pall.
Larus minutus, Thien. Fortgflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxvii. fig. 4, a-e
(1845-54) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 373 (1871) ; Seebohm, Brit.
Birds, iii. p. 301, pi. 54 (1885) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 107,
pi. 36. figs. 1, 2 (1896); Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 173
(1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 139 (1899).
Hydrocolaeus minutus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 72. fig. 5 (1855-63).
The eggs of the Little Gull are very varied. Many are of a
regular oval form, but the majority are pointed at the smaller end.
The ground varies from pale buff to brown and olive-brown. The
markings are dark brown, frequently approaching black, and under-
lying pale purple. They vary in size from spots to large blotches,
and are fairly equally distributed over the whole shell. The eggs
measure from 1*5 to 1*75 in length, and from 1*13 to 1'23 in
breadth.
18. Esthonia, Gulf of Finland, 29th Seebohm Coll.
May (Russow).
2. Lake Ladoga ( Meves : Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.
2. Lake Ladoga, 1st June (Meves : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll).
2. Lake Ladoga, 5th June (Meves: Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.).
3. Lake Ladoga, 5th June (Meves : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.).
2. Lake Ladoga, 6th June (Meves : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.).
4. Lake Ladoga, 5th June (Meves). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Lake Ladoga, 3rd June (Meves). Saunders Coll.
1. Lake Ladoga, 5th June (Meves). Saunders Coll.
Larus ichthyaetus, Pall.
Larus ichthyaetus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxvii. fig. 1, a-c
(1845-54) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 369 (1873) ; Bree, Birds
Eur. 2nd ed. v. p. 83, pi.— (1876) ; Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 1046 (1880) j
Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 109, pi. 35. figs. 3, 4 (1896) ;
Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 176 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
i. p. 139 (1899).
The eggs of the Great Black-headed Gull appear to be very
LAETTS. 205
constant to one type. In shape they are regular ovals, sometimes
slightly compressed at the smaller end. The ground-colour is pale
buff, and the markings, which consist of spots, streaks and blotches,
are, on some specimens yellowish brown, on others, the majority, dark
blackish brown. The underlying markings are pale purple. The
markings are firm and well defined, and are generally evenly spread
over the shell, but in some examples the blotches are large and
confluent and are collected at the larger end; whereas in others
the markings are all comparatively small and delicate. The eggs
measure from 2'9 to 3*3 in length, and from 2 to 2'2 in breadth.
1. South Russia. Saunders Coll.
4. Caspian Sea. Saunders Coll.
15. Astrakhan (Henke). Seebohm Coll.
Larus melanocephalus, Natt.
Larus melanocephalus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxvii. fig. 3
(1845-54) ; Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. v. p. 78, pi.— (1876) ; Dresser,
Birds Eur. viii. p. 365 (1878) ; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 108,
pi. 34. figs. 3, 4 (1896) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 180
(1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 139 (1899).
Gavia melanocephala, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 72. fig. 4 (1855-63).
The eggs of the Adriatic Black-headed Gull vary in shape from
a short broad oval to an elongated oval. Of the seven specimens
in the Collection, one, although much stained, appears to have
been unspotted white ; three are of a creamy-buff colour, rather
sparingly spotted with yellowish brown or blackish brown and the
usual underlying pale purple ; and three are olive-buff, boldly
blotched wifh chocolate -brown, yellowish brown and pale purple.
They vary from 1'87 to 2'2 in length, and from 1-4 to 1*5 in
breadth.
1. Southern Europe. Old Collection.
2. Dobrudscha. Seebohm Coll.
3. Dobrudscha, 24th June( W.H. Culleii). Saunders Coll.
1. Smyrna. Saunders Coll.
Larus Philadelphia (Ord).
Chroicocephalus Philadelphia, Newton, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 57, pi. iv. fig. 6.
Larus Philadelphia, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii,
p. 260 (1884) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 307, pi. 54 (1885) ;
MacFarlane, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 418 (1891) ; Seebohm,
Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 106, pi. 36. fig. 7 (1896) ; Saunders, Cat.
Birds B.M. xxv. p. 185 (1896); Dresser, Birds Eitr.ix.. (Suppl,}
p. 387 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 139 (1899).
The eggs of Bonaparte's Gull vary from a short rounded, to
an elongated narrow, oval form. The ground is olive-buff. The
markings vary in colour from yellowish brown to dark blackish
brown, and there are the usual underlying pale purple clouds and
206 LARID^l.
spots, which are somewhat indistinct. The markings are small
and have a tendency to form a very irregular and ill-defined zone
round the larger end. Five examples vary from 1'75 to 2*08 in
length, and from 1-3 to 1-4 in breadth.
3. Anderson Kiver Fort, Arctic America Saunders Coll.
(R. MacFarlane).
1. Anderson River (R. MacF. : Smiths. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Inst.).
1. Anderson River (R. MacF.: Henshaw Salvin-Godman Coll.
Coll}.
Larus franklini, Sivains. $ Rich.
Larus franklini, Newton, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 57, pi. iv. fig. 4 ; Baird,
Brewer fy Ridgw'. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 258 (1884) ; Saunders,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 191 (1896) : Sharps, Hand-l i. p. 140
(1899).
The six eggs of Franklin's Rosy Gull in the Collection vary in form
from pointed to blunt oval. The ground-colour is olive-buff, and
this is spotted and blotched with yellowish brown, blackish brown,
and underlying pale purple. On two eggs the markings take the
form of streaks and lines, which are interlaced and form an intricate
pattern. The eggs measure from 2*02 to 2-15 in length, and from
1-37 to 1-45 in breadth.
1. N. America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Manitoba Lake (D. Gunn : Smiths. Saunders Coll.
Inst.).
3. Manitoba Lake (D. Gunn : Henshaiv Salvin-Godman Coll.
as.).
Larus atricilla, Linn.
Atricilla catesbaei, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 72. fig. 2 (1855-63).
Larus atricilla, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 254
(1884) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 315, fig. 52 (1885) ; Saunders,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 194 (1896) : Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 140
(1899).
The eggs of the Laughing Gull are much of one type. They vary
from a pointed to a blunt oval form. The ground-colour is a pale
olive-buff and this is marked, pretty evenly all over the shell, but
occasionally more densely at the larger end than elsewhere, with spots
and small blotches of yellowish brown, chocolate-brown, blackish
brown, and inconspicuously with pale underlying purple. The
markings are sometimes linear and streaky. The eggs vary from
2 to 2-35 in length, and from T52 to 1*6 in breadth.
1. N. America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
5. Long Island Seebohm Coll.
4. New Jersey (Krider : Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.
1. New Jersey Coast (H. E. Dresser). Saunders Coll.
5. Hog Island, Virginia, June (Dr. Hitz : Salvin-Godman Coll.
Henshaio Coll.).
1. Cobbs Island, Virginia, llth June. Saunders Coll.
LARUS.
2. Cobbs Island, June.
•2. Cobbs Island, 21st June.
1. Cobbs Island, 21st June.
3. Cobbs Island, 21st June.
1. Cobbs Island, 21st June.
3. Cobbs Island, 21st June.
2. Cobbs Island, 21st June.
3. Cobbs Island, 21st June.
2. Cobbs Island, 21st June.
3. Cobbs Island, 21st June.
1. Cobbs Island, 21st June.
2. Cobbs Island, 21st June.
3. Cobbs Island, 21st June.
1. Cobbs Island, 21st June.
1. Cobbs Island, 21st June.
2. Cobbs Island, 21st June.
2. Cobbs Island, 21st June.
2. Cobbs Island, 23rd June.
2. Cape Charles, Virginia, 15th June.
3. Cape Charles, 18th June.
1. Galveston, Texas, 2nd June
(H. E. Dresser).
207
W. E. D. Scott, Esq. [C.].
Saunders Coll.
M
Larus cirrhocephalus ( F.).
(Plato XVI. fig. 5.)
Larus cirrhocephalus, Scl. fy Huds. Argent. Orn. ii. p. 201 (1889) ;
Holland, Ibis, 1895, p. 216 ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 198
(1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 140 (1899).
The eggs of the Grey-capped Gull in the Collection are of a
pretty regular oval form, but some are compressed or pointed at the
small end. The ground varies from dark cream-colour to olive-buff,
and there is a decided tinge of green running through the paler
specimens. In three-fourths of the examples the markings, which
consist of spots, lines, and medium-sized blotches, are evenly distri-
buted over the egg ; but in the remainder the markings form a very
irregular cap or zone at the large end. The surface-markings are
yellowish brown, rufous brown or blackish brown, and the under-
lying ones, which are inconspicuous, are very pale purple. The eggs
measure from 1-96 to 2'5 in length, and from 1-5 to 1-7 in breadth.
o9. Argentine Republic, Nov. & Dec. A. H. Holland, Esq. [P.].
Larus maculipennis, Liclit.
(Plate XVI. fig. 1.)
Larus maculipennis, Scl. 8f Huds. Argent. Orn. ii. p. 198 (1899) j Saunders,
P. Z. S. 1891, p. 373; Holland, Ibis, 1895, p. 216; Saunders, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxv. p. 200 (1896); Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 140 (1899).
The eggs of the Spot-winged Gull are remarkably varied both
with regard to the ground-colour and the disposition of the mark-
ings. They are of a regular oval form, sometimes pointed. Three
eggs are of a pale unspotted blue colour ; another is blue, sparingly
208 LABID2E.
marked with yellowish brown. The remainder vary from pale
greenish grey to olive-brown and deep buff. The markings, which
are yellowish brown or blackish brown, with some underlying pale
purple, consist of spots and blotches disposed over the shell in an
infinite number of patterns. Numerous specimens measure, from
1-9 to 2'2 in length, and from 1*37 to 1'5 in breadth.
2. Buenos Ayres (E. W. W.}. Saunders Coll.
37. Argentine Republic, Oct. to Dec. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.].
Lams glaucodes, Meyen.
(Plate XVI. fig. 2.)
Gavia roseiventris, Gould, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 97.
Larus roseiventris, Abbott, Ibis, 1861, p. 166.
Lams fflaucodes, Saunders, Zool. l Challenger ' Exped. ii. pt. viii. p. 138
(1880) ; id. Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 203 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
i. p. 140 (1899).
Larus, sp. inc., Scl. Zool. ' Challenger ' Exped. ii. pt. viii. p. 151 (1880).
The eggs of the Pink-bellied Gull are as varied as the eggs of
L. maculipennis, and present the same types of coloration. They
measure from 1'95 to 2'3 in length, and from 1-4 to 1*53 in breadth.
There can be little doubt but that the two eggs collected by the
* Challenger ' Expedition and marked " Tern Gull " belong to this
species.
4. Falkland Islands ( C. C. Abbott}. Gould Coll.
2. Falkland Islands (C. C. A.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Falkland Islands (Dr. Deane). Saunders Coll.
2. Falkland Islands. Voy. H.M.S. ' Challenger.'
Larus ridibundus, Linn.
Larus ridibundus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxvii. fig. 2, a-k
(1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 491, pi. cxxxvi.
figs, ii, iii (1856) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 310, pi. 53 (1885) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 357 (1878) ; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit.
Birds, p. 108, pi. 34. figs. 1, 2 (1896) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxv. p. 207 (1896)j Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 140 (1899).
Gavia ridibunda, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 72. fig. 3 (1855-63).
The eggs of the Black-headed Gull are subject to great variation
both in shape and colour. The majority of the eggs are of a
pointed oval form. In colour they are greenish grey, olive-buff or
dark olive-brown, marked in every conceivable manner with brown
and blackish brown of many shades, and underlying pale purple.
A few specimens are plain blue. They measure from 1'85 to 2-45
in length, and from 1'25 to 1*65 in breadth.
75. Loch Ashie, Inverness, 3rd June Seebohm Coll.
(E. Hargitt}.
4. Doune Lodge, Stirlingshire (E. Har- Seebohm Coll.
gitt).
4. England (Hargitt Coll.}. Seebohm Coll.
2. Walney Island, Lancashire. Saunders Coll.
LABUS. 209
5. Walney Island, 4th June (II. Saun- Saunders Coll.
3. Walney Island, 3rd June (P. God- Salvin-Godman Coll.
vi an}.
7. Norfolk. Old Collection.
4. Scoulton Mere, Norfolk, May. Saunders Coll.
7. Scoulton Mere (Reynolds). Salvin-Godman Cull.
11. Scoulton Mere. Seebohm Coll.
18. Scoulton Mere, 14th May (H. See- Seebohm Coll.
bohiri).
2. Near Dungeness, 2nd June (H. Saunders Coll.
Saunders).
18. Copenhagen, 20th May. Seebohm Coll.
Larus hemprichi (BmcTi).
(Plate XVI. fig. 4.)
Larus hemprichi, Heugl Vb'g. N.O.-Afr. ii. pt. 11, p. 1399, pi. 50. fig. 5
(1873); Oates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 293 (1890);
Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 221 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i.
p. 140 (1899).
The eggs of Hemprich's Gull are all very much of one type and
may be easily recognized. They are of a broad, and somewhat
pointed, oval form. The ground varies between cream-colour and
pale creamy buff. The markings, consisting of spots and small
blotches with, occasionally, a few lines, are all distinct and separate
and show no tendency to be confluent, nor are they, as a rule, more
densely disposed at the large end than elsewhere. In fact, the
even distribution of the markings over the whole shell is the leading
feature of the eggs of this species. The surface-markings are of
various shades of yellowish brown, occasionally deepening to a
chocolate-brown, the underlying markings being very pale purple.
The eggs vary from 2-1 to 2'45 in length, and from 1'45 to 1'72 in
breadth.
135. Island of Astolah, Mekran Coast, Hume Coll.
6th Aug. (E. A. Butler).
Larus crassirostris, F.
(Plate XVII. fig. 4.)
Larus crassirostris, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1875, p. 138 ; Seebohm, Birds Japan.
Emp. p. 293 (1890) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 227 (1896) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 140 (1899).
The few eggs of Temminck's Gull in the Collection are very
uniform. They are of a regular oval form. The ground-colour is
olive-brown, and it is evenly marked all over with spots and very
small blotches of yellowish and chocolate-brown, with some under-
lying pale purple clouds and streaks. Seven specimens measure
from 2-35 to 2-5 in length, and from T7 to 1-8 in breadth.
4. Yokohama, Japan (//. Pryer). Seebohm Coll.
3. Alceste Island, Shantung Promon- Saunders Coll.
tory, China, 10th June.
TOL. i. P
210 LARIDJ2.
Lams gelastes, Thienem.
Larus gelastes, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xc. fig. 4 (1845-54) ;
Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 400; Bree, Birds JEur. 2nd ed. v. p. 72,
pi. — (1876) 5 Dresser, Birds JEur. viii. p. 389 (1878) ; Oates ed.
Hume, Nests fy Eggs 2nd. B. iii. p. 294 (1890) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1891,
p. 115; Sounders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 230 (1896) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. \. p. 140 (1899).
Gelastes lambruschinii, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 72. fig. 1 (1855-63).
The eggs of the Slender-billed Gull are fairly uniform in colour.
They are of a broad, pointed oval form. The ground of the
majority of the eggs is pure white, but a few have it of a pale cream-
colour, and others of a pinkish buff-colour. The surface-markings,
consisting of spots and blotches, are frequently black ; at times
yellowish brown, chocolate-brown, or even reddish brown. The
underlying markings are of a pale purple and very conspicuous. On
many examples, the surface-markings are small and evenly dis-
tributed over the shell ; on others, they consist of huge blotches as
well as spots, and they are frequently massed together at the broad
end, where they form an ill-defined cap or zone. Some specimens
are marked with lines and scrawls. The eggs measure from 2'1 to
2-27 in length, and from 1-45 to 1-6 in breadth.
2. South Spain. Lord Lilford [P.],
2. San Lucar, Spain, Mav (Ruiz). Saunders Coll.
4. Delta of the Danube (T. Holland). Seebohm Coll.
3. Black Sea, June ( W. II. Cullen). Seebohra Coll.
2. Dobrudscha, 30th June (W. H.C.). Dr. C. R. Bree [P.].
1. Dobrudscha, 1st July ( W. H. C.). Dr. C. R. Bree [P.].
3. Dobrudscha, 10th June (H. See- Seebohm Coll.
bohm).
16. Delta of the Volga (Henke). Seebohm Coll.
1. Smyrna. Saunders Coll.
2. Lake Menzaleh, Egypt (E. C. Saunders Coll.
Taylor).
7. Abdullah Bank, Persian Gulf, W. D. Gumming, Esq. [P.].
April.
2. Osmarra, Mekran Coast, 28th May Saunders Coll.
(E. A. Butler}.
21. Osmarra, 28th May (E. A. B.}. Hume Coll.
Larus novae-hollandiae, Steph.
Bruchigavia jamesonii, Gould, Handb. Birds Amir. ii. p. 387 (1865);
Campbell, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 65 (1883).
Bruchigavia gouldi, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 388 (1865).
Xema novae-hollandise, North, Nests Sf Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 851, pi. xx.
fig. 4 (1889).
Larus novse-hollandiae, Le Souef, Ibis, 1895, p. 421 ; Saunders, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxv. p. 235 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 141 (1899).
The small series of eggs of the Silver Gull in the Collection shows
that there is considerable variation in their colour. They are of
a rather broad oval form, about half of the specimens being pointed
and the others blunt. The ground varies from pale green to pale
LARUS. 211
buff, olive-buff, and light stone-colour. The markings are sometimes
deep black, at other times yellowish brown and chocolate-brown,
and there are the usual pale purple underlying spots and blotches.
Examples measure from 2 to 2-3 in length, and from T45 to 1-0
in breadth.
1. Australia. Saunders Coll.
"1. Australia. Gould Coll.
3. Jones's Island, N.W. Australia. Lieut. G. Oliver [P.].
•2. Gippsland, Victoria. F. A. Pkilbrick, Esq., Q.C. [P.].
3. Tasmania ( Wilson). Gould Coll.
1. Port Davey, Tasmania. Gould Coll.
Larus scopulinus, Gray.
Larus scopulinus, Potts, Tr. N. Z. Inst. ii. p. 76 (1869); Butter, Bints
Xew Zeal 2nd ed. ii. p. 55 (1888); Saunders, Cat. Birds 13. M.
xxv. p. 238 (1896) ; Sharps, Hand-l i. p. 141 (1899).
The eggs of the lled-billed Gull in the Collection are very similar
to each other. They are of a rather narrow oval shape. The
ground is of an olive-buff colour, and this is marked with well-
defined small spots and blotches of yellowish and chocolate-brown
and underlying pale purple. In three examples there is a distinct
tendency for the markings to form an irregular zone round the
large end. Four specimens measure respectively : 2-2 by 1-45, 2'15
by 1-45, 2-25 by 1-45, 2-17 by 1-55.
4. New Zealand. Sir George Grey [P.].
Larus hartlaubi (Bruch).
(Plate XVII. fig. 2.)
Larus hartlaubi, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 698 (1884) ;
Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 240 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-Li.
p. 141 (1899).
Of the two eggs of Hartlaub's Gull in the Collection, one is of
a very pale greenish stone-colour and the other is buff-coloured.
In both, the markings are pale purple, purplish brown or yellowish
brown, and they are evenly and somewhat densely distributed over
the shell. The specimens measure respectively : 2-19 by 1-42 ; 2-10
by 1-41.
2. Saldana Bay, South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
Larus marinus, Linn.
Larius marinu?, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxviii. fig. 1, a-d
(1845-54); Baedeker, Eier Eur. Voy. tab. 62. fig. 1 (1855-63);
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 501, pi. cxli. fig. i (1856) :
Dresser, Biras Eur. viii. p. 427 (1872) ; Baird, Brewer $ Ridgiv.
Water Birds N. Am. ii. jp. 225 (1884); Seebohm, Brit. Jtird*,m.
p. 323, pi. 52 (1885) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. Ill, pi. 35. figs. 1,
2 (1890) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 241 (1896) ; Sharpe,
lland-L i. p. 141 (1899).
p2
212
The eggs of the Great Black-backed Gull vary but little. In
shape they are regular ovals, sometimes broad, sometimes narrow.
In the large series in the Collection, one egg is of a plain blue
colour, and another is blue with a few brown markings, but the re-
maining specimens exhibit little variety. The ground of all is of a
pale creamy buff or light stone-colour with an olive tinge. The
markings, which are of a yellowish-brown or blackish-brown colour,
with some underlying pale purple, are of small size and are very
evenly distributed over the shell, only in rare cases forming an
approach to a cap or zone at the large end. A few examples exhibit
somewhat larger blotches. The eggs measure from 2-7 to 3'2 in
length, and from 2 to 2*2 in breadth.
2. Sukkenstappen, West Greenland.
1. Faroe Islands, 29th May (H. C.
Midler: Hargitt Coll.}.
1. Shetland Islands (R. Dunn).
1. Stromness, Orkneys (R.Dunn: Har-
ffitt Coll.).
6. Souliskerry, Orkneys, 15th June
(Hargitt Coll.).
2. Loch Ashie, Inverness (Hargitt
Coll.).
1. Bass Eock, Firth of Forth.
2. Saltee Islands, Ireland, 27th May
(H. S. 8f V.\
3. Saltee Islands, 27th May.
1 . Cumberland . (Hey sham ) .
1. Lundy Island, Bristol Channel, May
(H. Sounders).
1. Lundy Island, 25th May (H. S.).
2. Lundy Island, 1st June (IT. S.).
2. Lundy Island, 3rd June (H. &).
6. Tromso, Norway, llth June (H.
Seebohm).
1. Tamso, Finmark.
3. Triktiln Island, Smolen Islands,
26th May (R. B. Sharps).
8. Triktiln Island, 26th May (R. R. S.).
3. Triktiln Island, 28th May (JR. B. S.).
3. Triktiln Island, 28th May (R. B. S.).
2. Sandhavn, Sweden, May.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godmnu Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Gould Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.],
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.|.
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Larus dominicanus, Licht.
Larus dominicanus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxviii. fig. 2
(1845-54); Abbott, Ibis, 1861, p. 165; Potts, Tr. N. Z. Inst. ii.
p. 75 (1869); Sharpe, Phil. Trans. 168. p. 107 (1879); id. ed.
Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 697 (1875-84) ; Saunders, Zool l Chal-
lenger ' Exped. ii. pt. viii. p. 139 (1880) ; Scl. t. c. p. 151 (1880) ;
Buller, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 47 (1880) ; Saunders, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxv. p. 245 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 141 (1899) ;
Hall, Ibis, 1900, p. 10.
Larus antipodus, Thien. Fortpflanz, ges. Vog. tab. xic. fig. 2 (1845-54).
The eggs of the Southern Black-backed Gull closely resemble
LARTIS. 213
those of L. marinus, but the ground-colour is more varied, many
specimens being of a dark olive-buff. The markings are of the
same colour and character as in the eggs of L. marinus ; but it
may perhaps be said of them that they are, on the whole, coarser, and
that in a larger proportion of the eggs they form a very irregular
cap or zone at the large end. Specimens measure from 2'45 to
3-1 in length, and from I'S to 2-05 in breadth.
3. Saldana Bay, S. Africa. Saunders Coll.
•->. S. Africa. Gould Coll.
•2. S. Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
1. Crozet Islands, S. Atlantic (Capt. Saunders Coll.
Armson).
1. Kerguelen Island, S. Atlantic. Voy. II.M.S. < Challenger.'
23. Kerguelen Island, 8th Dec. (A. E. Royal Society [P.].
Eaton}.
•2. Kerguelen Island, 8th Dec. (Transit Saunders Coll.
of Venus Exped.).
(>. New Zealand. Sir George Grey [P.].
1. Island in Desire River, Patagonia, Saunders Coll.
:!0th Nov. («/. McCormick}.
•2. Elizabeth Island, Straits of Magellan. Voy. H.M.S. 'Challenger.'
1. Peckett Harbour, Straits of Ma- Dr.' Coppinger [P.].
gellan.
13. Falkland Islands (C. C. Abbott). Gould Coll.
4. Falkland Islands (C. C. A.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
•2. Falkland Islands (C. C. A.). Saunders Coll.
-2. Falkland Islands. Voy. H.M.S. ' Challenger.'
] . Falkland Islands. McCormick Bequest.
1. East Falkland. Lieut. A. Smith [P.].
Hybrid between L. argentatus and L. dominie-anus.
'2. Laid in confinement (Lilford Aviaries). Lord Lilford [P.].
Larus fuscus, Linn.
Larus fuscus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Voq. tab. Ixxxviii. fig. 4, a-f
(1846-64); Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 62. fig. 2 (1855-63);
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 496, pi. cxxxix. fig. iii (1856) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 421 (1873) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii.
p. 319, pi. 51 (1885) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 110, pi. 33.
tigs. 4, 5 (1896) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 250 (1896) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 141 (1899).
Like the eggs of L. ridibundus, those of the Lesser Black-
backed Gull are subject to great variation, the ground-colour
ranging from a plain pale blue to a rich olive-brown. The markings
are disposed on the shell in every conceivable pattern, from a few
spots only to masses of huge confluent blotches of a yellowish-
brown or blackish-brown colour. The eggs measure from 2-4 to
2'8 in length, and from 1/7 to 2 in breadth.
3. Faroe Islands, 1st June (H. C. Seebohm Coll.
Milller : Hargitt Coll.}.
3. Faroe Islands, 4th June (H. C. M. : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.).
214
LAR1DJ5.
3. Faroe Islands. Gth June (//. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.).
3. Faroe Islands, 6th June (H. C.M. :
Hargitt Coll.).
3, Faroe Islands, 6th June ( H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.}.
1 . Faroe Islands. 10th June (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.).
1 . Faroe Islands, 1 1th June ( H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.).
3. Faroe Islands, 14th June (II. C. M.:
Harqitt Coll.).
2. Faroe" Islands (H. C. M.: Hargitt
Coll.).
6. Faroe Islands (H. C. M. : Hargitt
Coll.).
3. Faroe Islands (H. C. M. : Hargitt
Coll.).
3. Faroe Islands (//. C. M.: Hargitt
Coll.).
23. Hoy, Orkneys (E. Hargitt).
1. Loch Maddy, N. Uist, Hebrides,
Gth June (E. V. Seebohm}.
3. Beaufort Castle, Inverness, May.
3. Saltee Islands, Ireland (H. Seebohm).
3. Saltee Islands (H. S.}.
8. Saltee Islands (H, S.).
2. Cumberland (Heysbam).
3. Lundy Island, Bristol Channel,
May (H. Saunders).
1, Lundy Island (H. S.).
3. Cornwall.
6. Staples Island, Farn Islands, 18th
June ( O. Salviri).
6. Farn Islands, 12th June (//. Saun-
ders).
40. Farn Islands (E. Hargitt).
5. Farn Islands (E. II.).
5. Farn Islands (E. H.).
3. Farn Islands (H. Seebohm).
21. Farn Islands, June (H. S.).
8. Farn Islands, 3rd June (//. S.).
2. Farn Islands, 18th June (H. S.}.
5. Farn Islands (H. S. : Hargitt Coll.).
1. Sandhavn, Sweden, 12th 'June.
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Lord Lovat [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Gould Coll.
Saunders ColL
Saunders ColL
D. W. Mitchell, Esq. [P.J.
Salvin-Godman ColL
Saunders Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm ColL
Larus affinis, Reinli.
(Plate XVIII. fig. 4.)
Larus affinis, Seebohm $* Harvie-Brown, Ibis, 1876, p. 452; Seebohm,
Ibis, 1879, p. 162; Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 417 (1880) ; Saunders,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 254 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 141
(1899).
The eggs of the Allied Black-backed Gull in the Collection are all
of one type, and resemble the commoner type of egg ofL.fuscus, the
T.ARU3.
215
ground being of an olive-buff colour and the markings being pretty
evenly distributed over the egg. They vary from 2'55 to 3*1 in.
length, and from ]/75 to 2 in breadth.
2. R. Petchora, lat. 67£° N., 19th June Seebohm Coll.
(H. Seebohm fy J. A. Harvie-
Brown).
1. R. Petchora, lat. 68° N., 26th June Seebohm Coll.
(H. S. 8f J. A. H.-B.).
8. Yenesei Valley, lat. 70^° N., 7th Seebohm Coll.
July (H. Seebohm).
13. Yenesei Valley, lat. 7H° N., 10th Seebohm Coll.
July (//. S.).
Larus occidentalis, Audult.
Larus occidentalis, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii •
p. 230 (1884) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 257 (1896) 5
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 141 (1899).
The four eggs of the Western Gull in the Collection are abso-
lutely indistinguishable from those of L. affinis and typical eggs of
L. fuscus. They measure respectively : 2-50 by 1*9 ; 2-71 by 1*9 ;
2-9 by 1-9 ; 2-83 by 2.
1. Pyramid Lake, Nevada. Saunders Coll.
2. Farallones Point, Mexico ( //. Gruber : Salvin-Godman Coll.
Henshaw Coll.).
1. N. America. Salvin-Godman Coll,
Larus argentatu&, Gm.
Larus argentatus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xic. fig. 4,a-z (1845-54) ;
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 499, pi. cxl. (1856) ; Dresses
Birds Eur. Viii. p. 399 (1873) ; Baird, Brewer # Ridgw. Water
Birds N. Am. ii. p. 235 (1884) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 326,
pi. 51 (1885) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 110, pi. 33. figs. 1, 2 (1896) ;
Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 260 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i.
p. 141 (1899).
Laroides argentatus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 40. fig. 1 (1855-63).
The eggs of the Herring Gull present nearly all the types of
coloration to be found among the eggs of L. fuscus, but they are,
as a body, rather larger. They measure from 2'55 to 3 in length,
and from 1'75 to 2-1 in breadth.
2. N. America (Smiths. Inst.}.
2. Hudson's Bay ( C. Drexler : Henshaw
Coll.).
1. Selkirk Settlement (D. Gunn :
Henshaw Coll.}.
1. Massachusetts (T. M. Brewer).
13. Copinsha, Orkneys (Hargitt Coll.).
3. Saltee Islands, Ireland, 27th May
Breachy, Donegal, 14th May.
Farn Islands, June (H. Seebohm).
Fara Islands (H. Seebohm).
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
216
L
3.
2.
12*.
9
Flamborough, Yorkshire (H.
Seebohm).
Scarborough, Yorkshire.
Pembroke.
Lundy Island, Bristol Channel, May
& June.
Lul worth, Dorsetshire, 23rd April.
Lul worth (F. Penrose).
Cornwall.
Tamso, Finmark, 2nd June.
Danish Coast, North Sea (T.
Holland).
Danish Coast, North Sea, 4th June
(T.H.).
Seebohm Coll.
W. Eooke, Esq. [P.].
Montagu Coll.
Saunders ColL
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Saunders Coll.
D. W. Mitchell, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Larus cachinnans, Pall.
Larus cachinnans, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xic. fig. 1, a-c
(1845-54) ; Whitehead, Ibis, 1885, p. 46 ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxv. p. 266 (1896) ; Grant. Ibis, 1896. p. 47 : Sharpe, Hand-l. i.
p. 141 (1899).
Laroides michahellesii, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 79. fig. 2
(1855-63).
Larus argentatus (nee Gm.), Godman, Ibis, 1866, p. 103.
Larus leucophaeus, Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 400 ; Dresser, Birds Eur.
viii. p. 411 (1873).
The eggs of the Yellow-legged Herring Gull in the Collection are
fairly uniform in coloration and resemble the commoner type of
egg of L. argentatus, the ground-colour being buff, marked dis-
tinctly and evenly all over with spots and moderately-sized
blotches of various shades of brown and underlying pale purple. A
few examples are much paler than the average, the ground being
of a cream-colour, but marked in the usual manner. The eggs
measure from 2-5 to 3-05 in length, and from 1-9 to 2 in breadth.
Flores, Azores (P. Godman).
Great Salvage Island, 24th April
( C. Baring $ W. E. Ogilvie Grant).
Spain.
Columbretes Island, Spain, May
(R. Martin).
Corsica, 2nd May.
Straits of Bonifacio.
Echinades, Greece, 1st June.
Greece, 3rd May (T. Kr'dper).
Delta of the Danube (Homeyer).
Dobrudscha, 9th June.
Lake Sinb'e, Dobrudscha, 9th June
(H. Seebohm).
Amoor, E. Siberia (G. Radde).
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Hon. C. Baring & W.
Ogilvie Grant [P.].
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
Lord Lilford [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
11.
Larus audouini, Payr.
Larus audouini, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxviii. fig. 3 (1845-
54) ; Bree, Birds Eur. 1st ed. iv. p. 92, pi. — (1867) ; 2nd ed. v.
p. 62, pi. — (1876) ; Lilford, Ibis, 1875, p. 31 ; Dresser, Birds
Eur. viii. p. 395 (1878) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 271
(1896) j Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 142 (1899).
LARUS.
217
Three eggs of Audouin's Gull in the Collection have a buff
ground and are pretty thickly spotted and blotched with blackish
brown. A fourth is of a kind of creamy-buff tint, and the mark-
ings, which are similar in character to those on the other examples,
are of a pale yellowish-brown colour. All four have the usual
pale purple underlying markings. They measure respectively :
2-4 by 1-75; 2-45 by 1'73; 2'45 by 1-8 ; 2-53 by 1-66.
]. Columbretes Island, Spain. Saunders Coll.
1. Columbretes Island, 1st May. Saunders Coll.
1 . ( 1olumbretes Island, April. Saunders Coll.
1. Toro, Sardinia, 25th May (Lord Saunders Coll.
LUford).
Lams delawarensis, Ord.
(Plate XVII. fig. 5.)
Lams delawarensis, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii.
]>. 244 (1884); Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 273 (1896);
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 142 (1899).
The two eggs of the Ring-billed Gull in the Collection are of
quite dissimilar types. One is of a regular oval form and has an
olive-buff ground, sparingly marked, except at the larger end, where
there are huge confluent blotches forming an irregular zone, with
spots and specks of deep chocolate-brown ; the underlying pale
purple markings are few and inconspicuous. The second specimen
is a pointed oval and has a light buff ground, boldly marked all over
with spots and blotches of blackish brown. The underlying mark-
ings on this egg are numerous, large and conspicuous. The two
measure respectively : 2-25 by 1*63 ; 2*35 by 1'6.
1. Little Slave Lake, Canada (S. Jones : Salvin-Godman Coll.
Ilenshaw Coll.}.
1. North America. Saunders Coll.
Larus californicus, Lawr.
(Plate XVIII. fig. 2.)
Larus californicus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. Wafer Birds N. Am. ii.
p. 242 (1884); MacFarlane, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 418
(1891); Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 276 (1896) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 142 (1899).
The eggs of the California Gull in the Collection show con-
siderable variation, but can all be matched by those of L. fnscus,
and a larger series would, no doubt, display all the types to be found
among the eggs of that species. They measure from 2*45 to 2*75
in length, and from 175 to T85 in breadth.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst).
1. North America (T. M. Brewer).
1. North America, 16th May
(R. Ridgway).
1. Anderson Kiver, Arctic America,
6th July (R. MacFarlane).
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
218
LAKID.E.
2. Pyramid Lake, Nevada, 16th May
(R. Jtidffway : Henshaw Coll.}.
5. Pyramid Lake, May (Henshaw Coll.}.
2. Pyramid Lake, May (H. W. Hen-
shaw),
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Lams canus, Linn.
Lams canus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xc. fig. 3,a-f (1845-5-1) ;
Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 39. fijr. 3 (1855-63) ; Hewitson, Egg*
of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 495, pi. cxxxviii. (1856) ; Dresser, Birds Lnr.
viii. p. 381 (1873) j Seebohm $ Harvie-Brown, Ibis, 1876, p. 451 ;
Seebohm, Ibis, 1879, p. 161 ; Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. Water Birds
N. Am. ii. p. 250 (1884) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 316, pi. 52
(1885); id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 109, pi. 34. figs. 5, 6 (1896) ;
Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 277 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i.
p. 142 (1899).
The eggs of the Common Gull are not subject to any great
variation in coloration. An occasional blue egg may be found,
but the majority are much of one type. The ground varies between
dark cream-colour and olive-buff and olive-brown. The surface-
markings are dark brown, sometimes approaching black, and the
underlying markings are grey or pale purple. In most examples
the markings, consisting of spots and blotches, are pretty evenly
distributed over the shell ; in a few, the blotches are larger and
collected together chiefly at the larger end. The eggs measure
from 2-15 to 2-65 in length, and from 1-6 to 1*75 in breadth.
6.
6.
2.
2.
3.
2.
2.
3!
2.
3.
2
3.'
1.
3.
2.
3.
2.
3.
2.
7.
2.
33.
3.
8.
o
Damsa, Orkneys, 2nd June (C.
Hubbard).
Copinsha, Orkneys (Hargitt Coll.}.
Sandaig Island, Inverness, 18th May
(E. Hargitt}.
Sandaig Island, 18th May (E. H.}.
Sandaig Island, 18th May (E. H.}.
Sandaig Island, 18th May (E. H.}.
Sandaig Island, 18th May (E. H.}.
Sandaig Island, 18th May (E. H.}.
Sandaig Island, 18th May (E. H.}.
Sandaig Island, 18th May (JR H.\
Sandaig Island, 18th May (E. H.}.
Knockie, Inverness (E. H.}.
Knockie, 30th April (E. H.).
Knockie, 31st May (E. H.}.
Knockie, 31st May (E. H.)
Knockie, 31st May (E. H.}.
Knockie, 31st May (E. H.).
Knockie, 3rd May (Hargitt Coll.}.
Knockie, 3rd May (Hargitt Coll.}.
Knockie, 6th May (Hargitt Coll}.
Knockie (Hargitt Coll}.
Knockie (Hargitt Coll.}.
Knockie (Hargitt Coll.).
Knockie (Hargitt Coll.).
Knockie (Hargitt Coll.).
Tamso, Norway, 17th June.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
L.\RU3.
219
5, Troinso, Norway, llth Juno.
3. Stockholmen, Smolen Islands, 29th
May (R. B. 6'.).
3. Stockholmen, 29th May (R. II. S.).
3. Stockholmen, 29th May (R. B. S.).
17. Stockholmen, 29th May (R. B. S.).
1. Sweden.
2. Denmark, 15th June.
1. Rugen, Baltic, June (T. Holland}.
'2. West Baltic, 8th June (T. H.).
2. 11. Fetch ora, lat. C6£° N., 15th J une
(H. Seebohm fy J. A . Harvie- Brown}.
1. Yenesei Valley, lat. 661° N., June
(H. Seebohm).
Seebohm Coll.
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P"
S. 0. Sahlin, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Larus brachyrhynchus, Richardson.
(Plate XVII. fig. 1.)
Larus brachyrhynchus, Baird, B reiver fy Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am.
ii. p. 247 (1884) ; Nelson, Report Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 54 (1887);
MacFarlane, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 418 (1891) ; Sounders,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 283 (1896) : Sharpe. Hand-l. i. p. 142
(1899).
The eggs of the Short-billed Gull in the Collection are of a pointed
oval form. One example has the ground of a pale greenish colour ;
another of a full buff colour ; and two others of a greenish-grey
colour. The markings, which consist of spots, small blotches and a
few streaks, are of a chocolate or blackish-brown colour and are,
in all cases, more dense at the large end, where they form a more
or less broken cap or zone. Four specimens measure respectively :
2-12 by 1-56 ; 2-05 by 1-57 ; 2-21 by 1-5 ; 2-15 by 1-56.
1. N. America (Smiths. Inst.}.
1. Fort Yukon, Alaska (E. W. Nelson:
Henshaw Coll.}.
2. Fort Anderson, Arctic America (R.
MacFarlane}.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Larus glaucescens, Naum.
Larus glaucescens, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii.
p. 223 (1884) ; Nelson, Report Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 53 (1887) ;
Maunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 284 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i.
p. 142 (1899).
The eggs of the Glaucous-winged Gull are very uniform and
resemble the common type of egg of L. argentatus. The ground-
colour varies from pale creamy-buff to a pale buff, and this is evenly
spotted and blotched all over with yellowish and chocolate-brown,
sometimes approaching black, and underlying pale purple. A
few have, in addition to the normal markings, some lines and
scrawls. The eggs measure from 2-75 to 3*05 in length, and from
1-86 to 2 in breadth.
220
LA.RID2E.
2. North America,
2. Chica Rocks, Alaska, 27th June
(Dall).
3. Vancouver Island, 25th June (Dr.
Lyall).
2. Rosario Channel, Vancouver Island,
10th June (Dr. Lyall).
2. Toporkoff Island, Bering Sea, 20th
June.
3. Toporkoff Island, 12th July.
1. Islands off San Francisco (/.
Hepburn).
Purchased.
Saunders Coli .
Voy. II. M.S. 'Plumper.'
Voy. H.M.S. < Plumper."'
G. E. H. Barrett-Hamilton,
Esq. [P.].
G. E. H. Barrett-Hamilton,
Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Larus glaucus, Fabr.
Larus glauous, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xci. fig. 1, a-d (1845-54) ;
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 504, pi. cxli. fig. ii (1850) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 433 (1877) ; Feilden, Ibis, 1877, p. 409 ;
id. in Nares's Narr. Voy. Polar Sea, p. 214 (1878) ; id. in Markhants
1 Polar Reconn: pp. 334, 339 (1881) ; Baird, Brewer $ Ridgw.
Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 211 (1884) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii.
p. 330, pi. 50 (1885) ; MacFarlane, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. xiv.
p. 417 (1891); Saunders, Cat. Birds 3. M. xxv. p. 289 (1896);
Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 112, pi. 32. figs. 4, 5 (1896) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. \. p. 142 (1899).
Leucus glaucus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 39. fig. 1 (1855-63).
Larus barrovianus, Nelson, Report Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 51 (1887).
The eggs of the Glaucous Gull in the Collection, although not
numerous, show quite an extensive variation. They are of a pointed
oval form. A few are pale blue, marked very sparingly with
blackish spots and here and there a blotch. Others are yellowish
grey, marked with some brown spots and huge blotches. Others
again form a remarkable type, quite unique among Gulls' eggs.
The ground is of a pale pink and the whole shell is densely covered
with streaks, clouds, and smears of brick- red and underlying pale
purple. The common type of egg has the ground of an olive-grey
or pale buff colour, and this is evenly marked all over with spots,
lines, and small blotches of yellowish and dark chocolate-brown, and
the usual underlying grey or pale purple. The eggs measure from
2-9 to 3-6 in length, and from 1-9 to 2-4 in breadth.
1. St. Michael's, Alaska, 16th June.
2. Cambridge Bay, Arctic America
(Capt. Collinson).
1. Arctic Coast, east of Anderson River
(R. MacFarlane : Smiths. Inst.).
2. Greenland (E. Feneker : Hargitt
Coll.).
Greenland, May (E. F. : Hargitt Coll.).
Greenland, 1st June (E. F. : Hargitt
Coll.).
1. Greenland (C. Hart).
3. Greenland.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Voy. H.M.S. ' Enterprise.'
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Voy. H.M.S. ' Discovery.'
Gould Coll.
LARUS. — GABIANFS. 221
1. Greenland. Saunders Coll.
2. Iceland. Saunders Coll.
1. Yardo, Finmark, June. Saunders Coll.
8. Vardo (Nordvi). Seebohm Coll.
3. Spitsbergen (T. Holland}. Seebohm Coll.
2. Nameless Bay, Novaya Zemlya, Admiral A. Markham [P.].
loth June.
Larus leucopterus, Faber.
Larus leucopterus, Thien. Fortpftanz. ges. Yog. tab. xci. fig. 2, a-h
(1845-54); Hewitson, Eggs Brit. Birds, ii. p. 498, pi. cxxxix. tigs,
i, ii (1856) : Dresser, Birds Fur. viii. p. 439 (1876) ; Baird, Brewer
8? Ridgic. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 216 (1884) ; Seebohm, Brit.
Birds, iii. p. 333, pi. 51 (1884) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. ] 13,
pi. 33. fig. 3 (1896) ; Saunders, Cat. Birds' B.M. xxv.p. 295 (1896) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 142 (1899).
Leucus leucopterus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 39. fig. 2 (1855-63).
The eggs of the Iceland Gull appear to be fairly uniform in
coloration. The ground-colour varies from a greenish grey to a pale
buff and this is marked, in most eggs evenly all over, in a few more
densely at the larger end than elsewhere, with spots and blotches of
chocolate and dark blackish brown and underlying pale purple.
Specimens vary from 2*5 to 2*75 in length, and from 1'75 to 2 iii
breadth.
3. Cambridge Bay, Arctic America Voy. II.M.S. ' Enterprise.'
(Capt. Collinson).
6. Greenland. Gould Coll.
3. Greenland, 18th June (Ellingren}. Seebohm Coll.
3. Greenland. May (E. Feneker : Hargitt Seebohm Coll.
Coll.}.
1. Greenland, 28th May. Seebohm Coll.
1. Greenland, 14th May (R. Midler}. Saunders Coll.
1. Greenland. Saunders Coll.
2. Iceland (J. H. Dunn; Hargitt Coll.}. Seebohm Coll.
Genus GABIANUS, Erucli.
Gabianus pacificus (Lath.).
Larus pacificus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xic. fig. 3 (1845-54) ;
Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. ii. p. 385 (1865) : Campbell, Nests #
Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 65 (1883) ; North, Nests fy Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 351, pi. xx. tig. 1 (1889) ; Le Souef, Ibis, 1895, p. 421.
Gabianus pacificus, Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 297 (1896) •
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 143 (1899).
The eggs of the Pacific Gull in the Collection are pointed
ovals, olive-buff in colour, marked with spots and blotches of dark
chocolate-brown and underlying pale purple. In two specimens,
the markings are small and evenly spread over the shell; in
the third they consist of some spots and small blotches and in
222 LIBIDO.
addition a few huge smears. One egg is fractured, and cannot
be measured, The other two measure respectively 2-8 by T97;
2-83 by 1-95.
3. Tasmania. Gould Coll.
Genus LEUCOPHJEUS, Brucfi.
Leucophseus scoresbyi (Traill).
(Plate XVIII. tig. 1.)
Larus scoresbii, Abbott, Ibis, 1861, p. 165.
Leucophaeus scoresbii, Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 299 (1896).
Leucophaeus scoresbyi, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 143 (1899;.
The eggs of the lled-billed Gull in the Collection vary in shape
from broad to elongated oval. The ground is of an olive-buff
colour, and this is marked evenly all over with spots and blotches
of yellowish and chocolate-brown and underlying pale purple.
They measure respectively : 2*3 by 1*7 ; 2-35 by 1*6 ; 2'46 by 1-tio ;
2-3 by 1-75.
2. Falkland Islands (C. C. Abbott). Gould Coll.
2. Falkland Islands (Dr. Deane). Saunders Coll.
Genus PAGOPHILA, Kaup.
Pagophila eburnea (Phipps).
Larus eburneus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xc. fig. 2, a-c (1845-54) ;
Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 337, pi. 50 (1885) ; Collett, Ibis, 1888,
p. 440, pi. xiii. ; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 115, pi. 32. tig. 3
(1896).
Pagophila eburnea, Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 349 (1877) ; Baird,
Brewer $ Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 198 (1884) ; Saunders,
Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 301 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 143
(1899).
The eggs of the Ivory Gull in the Collection are of a broad oval
form, pointed at the smaller end. Three are of a pale stone-
colour, rather sparingly marked with dark brown of various shades
and numerous conspicuous blotches of pale inky-purple. Two
others have the ground buff, and they are boldly marked with spots
and rather large blotches of deep brown, but the underlying markings
of pale purple are less conspicuous than in the other eggs. Five
examples measure from 2'15 to 2'36 in length, and from 1-63 to
1'75 in breadth.
1. Northern Europe. Old Collection.
2. Spitsbergen, Aug. (Foscie). Seebohm Coll.
2. Cape Mary Harmsworth, Franz F. G. Jackson, Esq. [P.],
Josef Land, 7th Aug.
EISA. 223
Genus RISSA, Stephens.
Eissa rissa (Linn.}.
Larus tridactylus, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Vog. tab. xc. fig. 1, «-^
(1845-54); Heivitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 493, pi. cxxx^ii.
(1856); Dixon, Ibis, 1885, p. 87; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 340,
pi. 50 (1885) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 114, pi. 32. figs. 1, 2
(18CJ6) ; id. Birds Japan. Emp. p. 294 (1890).
Rissa tridactyla, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 40. fig. 2 (1855-63);
Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 447 (1878) ; Baird, Brewer $- Ridyw.
Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 202 (1884) ; Saunters, Cat. Birds B. M.
xxv. p. 305 (1896).
Uissa tridactyla pollicaris, Nelson, Report Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 49
(1887).
liissa rissa, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 143 (1899).
The eggs of the Kittiwake are of a pointed oval form and are
most varied in their coloration. The ground ranges from cream-
colour to pinkish buff, and from olive-grey to olive-brown. The
surface- markings are of rich chocolate-brown, reddish brown or
yellowish brown, and the underlying markings, which are extremely
conspicuous in many eggs, are grey or pale purple. The markings
011 some specimens are very small, on others large, consisting of
huge blotches. Sometimes the markings are evenly distributed
over the shell ; at others they are chiefly collected together at the
large end to form a cap or zone. A few eggs are covered with a
beautiful tangled network of lines ; in fact the patterns on the
Kittiwakes' eggs are infinite in number, and it is difficult to get
half-a-dozen examples to match each other. They measure from
"2'\. to 2-4 in length, and from To to 1'75 in breadth.
4. St. George's Island, Bering Sea, Salvin-Godman Coll.
24th June (H. W. Elliott : Hen-
shaiu Coll.}.
3. Kurile Islands, Japan (H. J. Snow). Seebohm Coll.
3. North Iceland, 6th June (C. Seebohm Coll.
Steintke: Hargitt Coll.).
3. North Icelaud, 6th June (C. S.: Seebhom Coll.
Hargitt Coll.).
2. Faroe Islands, 30th May (//. C. Seebohm Coll.
Mutter: Hargitt Coll.).
7. Faroe Islands, 6th June (H. C. M. : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.).
2. Fair Island, Orkneys. K M. Nelson, Esq. [P.],
16. St. Kilda, Hebrides, 14th June Seebohm Coll.
(C. Dixon).
3. Bass Kock, Firth of Forth (Hargitt Seebohm Coll.
Coll).
2. Rathlin Island, Ireland. Saunders Coll.
2. South Saltees, Ireland, 16th June Seebohm Coll.
(R. J. Ussher).
± South Saltees, 16th June (R. J. U.). Seebohm Coll.
13. Farn Islands, June (H. Seebohm). Seebohm Coll.
6. The Pinacles, Farn Islands, June Seebohm Cull.
(O. Salvin).
224 STERCORARIID^.
3. Scarborough. W. Rooke, Esq. [P.].
3. Flamborough (Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.
3. Flamborough (H. Seebohm]. Seebohm Coll.
9. Lundy Island, Bristol Channel, Saunders Coll.
June.
L Stappen, Norway, 17th June. Seebohm Coll.
6. Svserholt, Finmark, 16th June. Seebohm Coll.
Eissa brevirostris (Bruch).
(Plate XVII. fig. 3.)
Larus brevirostris, Elliott, Rep. Prybiloff Isl., Birds, no. 553 (1873) ; id.
Man. Seal Islands, Alaska, p. 133 (1882).
Kissa brevirostris, Baird, Brewer fy Ridf/w. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 207
(1884); Saunders, Cat. Birds B.' M. xxv. p. 312 (1896) j Sharpe,
Hand-l. i. p. 143 (1899).
The five eggs of the Eed-legged Kittiwake in the Collection are
quite inseparable from many of the pale or cream-coloured eggs of
R. rissa. They measure from 2' 16 to 2'32 in length, and from
1-5 to 1-63 in breadth.
1. Aleutian Islands (Smiths. Inst.). Saunders Coll.
1. St. George's Island, Bering Sea, Salvin-Godman Coll.
24th June (Henshaw Coll.).
3. St. George's Island, June (//. W. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Elliott : Henshaw Coll.).
Family STERCORAKIIDJE.
Genus MEGALESTRIS, Bp.
Megalestris catarrhactes (Linn.).
Lestris catarrhactes, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. Ixxxvi. n>. 1 , a-d
(1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, \\. p. 505, pi. clxii. (1856).
Catarracta skua, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 64. fig. 4 (1855-63).
Stercorarius catarrhactes, Dresser, Birds Eur. viii, p. 457 (1875) ; See-
bohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 346, pi. 55 (1885) ; id. Eggs of Brit. Birds,
p. 118, pi. 37. figs. 3, 4 (1896).
Megalestris skua, Baird, Brewer &• Ridgw. Water Birds N. Am. ii. p. 328
(1884).
Megalestris catarrhactes, Savnders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 315 (1896) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 143 (1899).
The eggs of the Great Skua are for the most part somewhat elon-
gated pointed ovals, but a few are broad ovals and others elliptical.
They vary considerably in coloration. A small proportion are of a
pale bluish white, obsoletely marked with some underlying pale purple
blotches. In the majority the ground is greyish buff, yellowish grey
olive-buff and olive-brown. The markings consist of spots and
blotches, and while in some eggs they are evenly distributed over the
shell, in others they show a tendency to collect at the large end. The
MEGALB8TBIS.
225
surface-markings are yellowish brown or dark brown of various
shades, sometimes approaching black. The underlying markings
are grey or pale purple and rather inconspicuous. The eggs
measure from 2'4 to 3 in length, and from 1-75 to 2 in breadth.
Iceland (Hargitt Coll.}.
North Iceland ( C. Steineke : Hargitt
Coll.}.
N. Iceland (C. S. : Hargitt Coll.}.
X. Iceland (C. S. : Hargitt Coll.}.
N. Iceland (C. S.: Hargitt Coll.)
N. Iceland (C. S. : Hargitt Coll.}.
Faroe Islands.
Faroe Islands (H. C. Miller).
Faroe Islands, 22nd May (H. W.
Feilden).
Faroe Islands.
Faroe Islands (Hargitt Coll.).
Faroe Islands, lst-9th June (H. C.M.:
Hargitt Coll.).
Faroe Islands (H. C. M. : Hargitt
Coll.}.
Faroe Islands (H. C. M. : Hargitt
Coll.).
Faroe Islands (H. C. M.; Hargitt
Coll.}.
Faroe Islands (H. C. M. : Hargitt
Coll.).
Faroe Islands (H. C. M. : Hargitt
Coll.}.
Wideroe, Faroe Islands (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.}.
Faroe Islands, 30th May (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll}.
Faroe Islands, 1st June (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.).
Faroe Islands, 1st June (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.).
Faroe Islands, 4th June (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.}.
Faroe Islands, 6th June (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.).
Faroe Islands, 26th June (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.).
Foula, Shetlands, June (Umfray).
Foula, 25th May (J. Harcus).
Unst, Shetlands (A. Newton).
Orkney Islands ( W. Dunn).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohin Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohin Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
E. Hargitt, Esq. [P.].
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll. ,
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Hereford Museum [E.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Megalestris chilensis, BJJ.
Megalestris chilensis, Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 318 (1896)
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 144 (1899).
The sole egg of the Chilian Skua in the Collection is a pointed
oval and inseparable from many of the eggs of the Great Skua.
VOL. I. Q
226 STERCOKABIID^;.
The ground is of a greyish-buff colour, and this is spotted and
blotched with pale yellowish brown and underlying pale purple.
It measures 2-9 by 2-05.
1. Sea Lion Island, River Sta. Cruz, Saunders Coll.
Patagonia, 3rd Dec. (J. M. C).
Megalestris antarctica (Less.).
(Plate XVIII. fig. 5.)
Megalestris antarctica, Gould, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 98 ; Saunders, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxv. p. 319 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 144 (1899) ; Hall,
Ibis, 1900, p. 8.
Lestris antarctica, Abbott, Ibis, 1861, p. 165.
Lestris catarractes, Travers, Trans. New Zeal. Inst. v. p. 218 (1872).
Stercorarius antarcticus, Sharpe, Phil. Trans. 168. p. 109 (1879) ;
Saunders, Zool. l Challenger' Exped. ii. pt. viii. p. 139 (1880) ; Sclater,
t. c. p. 151 (1880) ; Butter, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 63 (1888).
The eggs of the Southern Skua are not distinguishable from the
eggs of the Great Skua. Those in the Collection measure from
2-6 to 3-05 in length, and from 1-95 to 2-2 in breadth.
2. Falkland Islands. Voy. H.M.S. 'Challenger.'
2. Falkland Islands (C. C. Abbott). Salvin-Godinan Coll.
4. Nightingale Island, Tristan Voy. H.M.S. ' Challenger.'
d'Acimha, Oct.
1. Crozet Islands (E. L. Layard). E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
1. Crozet Islands (Capt. Armson). Saunders Coll.
4. Kerguelen Island (A. E. Eaton}. Royal Society [P.].
Megalestris maccormicki (Saunders).
Megalestris maccormicki, Saunders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 321 (1896);
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 144 (1899).
Lestris, Borchgr. Geoar. Journ. xvi. p. 403 (1900).
The eggs of McCormick's Skua are quite of the same type as
those of M. catarrhactes and M. antarctica, and as variable in color-
ation. The series contains, however, three specimens which are ab-
normal in colour, the ground being a clear greenish blue, sparingly
marked at the large end only with a few smears and blotches of
yellowish brown. Twenty-six examples measure from 2'58 to 3'1
in length and from 1/88 to 2-05 in breadth. Judging from the
numbers recorded on the eggs, they all appear to have been taken
in pairs.
26. Cape Adare, Antarctic Ocean Sir George Newnes, Bart.,
(< Southern Cross ' Exped.\ M.P.
STERCORARIUS.
227
Genus STERCORARIUS, Brits.
Ster cor arms crepidatus (Banks}.
Lestris parasiticus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. yes. Vog. tab. Ixxxvi. fig1. 3, a-f
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 64. fig. 2 (1855-63).
Lestris richardsoiiii, Hewitson, Eyys of British Birds, ii. p. 509. pi. cxliii.
%. ii (1856).
Stercorarius crepidatus, Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 471 (1876) ; Seebohm
Sf Harvie-Brown, Ibis, 1876, p. 453 ; Feilden in Mark/iam's Polar
Recotm. pp. 335, 339 (1881) ; Sounders, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 327
(18961 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 144 (1899).
Stercorarius richardsoni, Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 353, pi. 55 (1885) ;
id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 116, pi. 37. figs. 1, 2 (1896).
The eggs of Richardson's Skua are of a pointed oval form, some-
times broad and at other times lengthened and narrow. The ground-
colour varies from greenish grey to dark olive and russet-brown.
The markings consist of spots, blotches and smears, and are of a
yellowish brown or brown of various shades, sometimes approach-
ing black. The underlying markings are seldom conspicuous, and
are of a pale purple colour. The markings of both kinds are
generally evenly distributed over the shell, but in many cases they
are collected chiefly at the larger end, where they form an irregular
cap or zone. The eggs measure from 2 to 2-5 in length, and from
1-47 to 1-7 in breadth.
2. Hudson's Bay.
2. Greenland.
3. Greenland (E. Whymper}.
1. Greenland.
1. Greenland (E. Feneker : Hargitt
Coll.}.
'2. Greenland, June (E. F. : Hargitt
Coll.}.
2. South Greenland (H. Hawkins].
3. Stromoe, Faroe Islands (H. W.
Feilden).
1. Faroe Islands (H. C. Midler}.
13. Faroe Islands (H. C. M. ; Hargitt
Coll.}.
•2. Faroe Islands, 3rd June (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.}.
3. Faroe Islands, 5th June (H. C. M.).
5. Faroe Islands.
1. Faroe Islands (Hargitt Coll.).
1. Faroe Islands (Hargitt Coll.}.
1. Shetlands (A. Dunn).
1. Shetlands ( W. Proctor}.
2. Unst, Shetlands (A. Newton).
'2. Island of Noss, Shetlands, 10th-
14th July (H. Saunders}.
:!. Shetlands, 1st July.
'2. Hoy, Orknej'S (C. Hubbard).
1. Lundegode, Finmark, 7th Oct.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Gould Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Saunders Coll.
Dr. A. Gunther [p.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godinan Coll.
Q2
228 STEKCORAKIID^E.
i
2. Naesseby, Finmark (Nordvi). Seebohm Coll.
3, R. Petehora, 4th Aug. (H. Seebohm Seebohin Coll.
8f J. A. Harvie-Brown).
1. Berg Island, Novaya Zemlya, 5th Admiral A. Markham [P.].
July.
Stercorarius parasiticus (Linn.).
Lestris cephus. Thien. Fortpflanz. (ies. Vou. tab. Ixxxvi. fig. 4, a-d
(1845-54).
Lestris crepidatus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 64. fig. 3 (1855-63).
Lestris buftbnii, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, ii. p. 508, pi. cxliii. fig. i
(1856).
Stercorarius parasiticus, Dresser, Birds Eur. viii. p. 481 (1876) ; Feilden
in Narcs's Narr. Toy. Polar Sea, ii. p. 214 (1878) ; Saunders, Cat.
Birds B. M. xxv. p. 334 (1896) ; Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 144 (1899).
Stercorarius longicaudatus, Feilden, Ibis, 1877, p. 409.
Stercorarius longicaudus, Baird, Brewer $• liidgio. Water Birds N. Am.
ii. p. 339 (1884).
Stercorarius buffoni, Seebohm, Brit. Birds, iii. p. 358, pi. 55 (1885) ; id.
Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 117, pi. 37. fig. 5 (1896).
The eggs of Buffon's Skua are very similar to those of Richardson's
Skua, but are, on the whole, rather smaller. They measure from
1-95 to 2-25 in length, and from 1-45 to 1-6 in breadth.
2. Dumb-bell Harbour, N. Lat. 82^°, Voy. H.M.S. ' Alert.'
18th July (H. W. Feilden).
2. Floeberg Beach, N. Lat. 82° 27', Voy. H.M.S. < Alert.'
7th June (H. W. F.).
1\. Discovery Bay (C. Hart). Voy. H.M.S. « Discovery.'
2. Greenland, 3rd June (E. Feneker : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.).
3. Lapland, 20th June. Saunders Coll.
1, Kautokeino, Lapland, 20th June. Seebohm Coll.
2. Quickiock, Lapland. Saunders Coll.
2. Alten, Lapland, June (W. Meves). Seebohm Coll.
2. Alten, 21st June ( W. Meves). Seebohm Coll.
3. Naesseby, Finmark (Nordvi). Seebohm Coll.
APPENDIX.
Page 10. Add :—
Tinamus solitarius ( VieilL).
Tinamus solitavius, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 501 (1895) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l i. p. 8 (1899).
The egg of the Solitary Tinamou in the Collection is of the same
blue colour as the eggs of the other Tinamous of this genus, but is
of a blunt oval shape. It measures 2' 55 by 1*88.
1. Rio de Janeiro. Alexander Fry, Esq. [P.].
Page 11. Add:—
Crypturus obsoletus (Temm.).
Crypturus obsoletus, Euler, J.f. O. 1867, p, 418; Scl. Sf Huds. Argent.
Orn. ii. p. 207 (1889) ; Salvador*, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvii. p. 519
(1895) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 9 (1899).
The egg of the Brown Tinamou in the Collection is of a somewhat
lengthened oval form, and thus differs from the eggs of the other
species of this genus. It is of a pinkish stone-colour, and measures
2 by 1-37.
1. Brazil. Spencer Moore, Esq. [P.].
Page 40. Add :—
Pternistes infuscatus. Cab.
Pternistes infuscatus, Ot/ilnc Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 182
(1893) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 26 (1899).
The eggs of Cabanis's Bare-throated Francolin in the Collection
are of a broad, pointed oval shape, slightly rough to the touch, and
with a small amount of gloss. They are of a light reddish-buff
colour, and they are sprinkled all over with whitish streaks,
apparently caused by the disintegration of the shell. Four
examples measure respectively : 1*66 by 1*3; T65 by 1'3 ; 1-64 by
1-35 ; 1-63 by 1-31.
4. Fort Smith, Kikuyu, Brit. East Richard Crawshay, Esq. [P.].
Africa, 6400 feet, 17th Sept.
230 APPENDIX.
Page 49. Add :—
Bambusicola thoracica.
Bambusicola thoracica, La Touche, Ibis, 1900, p. 61.
Three examples presented by Mr. Eickett resemble those -already
described, but are rather more distinctly marked with rufous specks.
They measure respectively : 1-26 by '98 ; 1-2 by -95 ; 1-25 by 1.
.3. Kuatun, N.W. Fokien, May C. B. Kickett, Esq. [P.].
(J. D. D. La Touche).
Page 84. Add :—
Genus THORACOTRERON, Salvad.
Thoracotreron strophium (Gould).
Ptilopus strophium, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 135 (1893)
Thoracotreron strophium, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 60 (1899).
The eggs of the White-banded Fruit-Pigeon are -white and gloss-
less. Five examples measure respectively : 1-38 by -86; 1-36 by
•94; 1-34 by -93 ; 1'32 by -9 ; 1-3 by -91.
2. St. Aignan, Louisiade Archipelago. A. S. Meek, Esq. [0.1.
1. St. Aignan. A. S. Meek,
1. St. Aignan. A. S. Meek,
1. St. Aignan. A. S. Meek,
Page 86. Add :—
Myristicivora spilorrhoa.
4. St. Aignan, Louisiade Archipelago. A. S. Meek, Esq. [0.].
Page 97. Add:-
(Enopopelia humilis (Temm.).
Turtur humilis, La Touche, Ibis, 1892, p. 493; Salvadori, Cat. Birds
B. M. xxi. p. 434 (1893).
Onopopelia humilis, Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 79 (1899).
The eggs of the Chinese Red Turtle-Dove in the Collection are of
a creamy-white colour and measure respectively : 1*04 by *79 ; I'Ol
by -8.
2. Foochow, China, 6th June. C. B. Rickett, Esq.
Page 98. Add :—
Spilopelia chinensis.
Turtur chinecsis, La Touche, Ibis, 1892, p. 493.
1. Foochow, China, April, C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.J.
2. Foochow, 26th April. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.J.
2. Foochow, 16th May. 0. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.!
1. Foochow, 17th May. C. B. Rickett, Eeq.-jTPj
APPENDIX. 231
Page 101. Add :—
Chamaepelia passer ina.
2. St. Vincent, W. Indies (Mrs. H. H. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Smith}.
Page 102. Add :—
Genus PERISTERA, Swains.
Peristera geoffroyi (Temm. fy Knip).
Peristera geonroyi, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 494 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 82 (1899).
The eggs of Geoffrey's Dove in the Collection have little or no
gloss and measure respectively : 0*9 by 0*67 ; 0'92 by 0*67.
2. Rio de Janeiro. Alexander Fry, Esq. [P.].
Page 105. Add :—
Leptoptila reichenbachi, Pelz.
Leptoptila reichenbachi, Salvadori, Cat. Birds B. M. xxi. p. 553 (1893) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 86 (1899).
The eggs of Reichenbach's Dove in the Collection are creamy-
white, glossy, and measure respectively : 1*17 by *91; 1'25 by *93.
2. Brazil. Spencer Moore, Esq. [P.].
Page 114. Add :—
Aramides saracura (Spix).
Aramides saracura, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xxiii. p. 61 (1894); id.
Hand-l. i. p. 98 (1899).
The egg of the Plumbeous Rail contained in the Collection is of a
regular oval form. It closely resembles the eggs of A. albiventris
and A. ypacalia and measures 2-2 by 1*52.
1 . Brazil. Spencer Moore, Esq. [P.].
Page 120. Add :—
Linmobsenus fuscus.
The examples presented by Mr. Rickett are very similar to the
egg already described. They measure respectively : 1'15 by "85 ;
1 -2 by -9 ; 1-2 by -9 ; 1-19 by -89 ; 1-13 by "9.
5. Foochow, China, June. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
232
APPENDIX.
Page 121. Add :—
Amaurornis phcenicura.
3. Foochow, China, 7th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
124. Add :—
Gallinula galeata.
1. Brazil. Spencer, Moore, Esq. [P.].
Page 125. Add :—
Gallicrex cinerea.
1. Foochow, China, 4th June. C. B. Eickett, Esq. [P.].
1. Foochow, 23rd Aug. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
Page 143. Add :—
Pygoscelis papua.
2. Falkland Islands. Purchased.
Page 144. Add:—
Pygoscelis adeliae (Hombr. $ Jacq.).
Pygoscelis adelise,. Ogilvie Grant, Cat. Birds B. M. xxvi. p. 632 (1898) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. i. p. 118 (1899).
Eudyptes adelise, Borchgr. Geogr. Journ. xvi. pp. 391, 402 (1900).
The eggs of the Adelia-Land Penguin vary greatly in shape.
Some are of a regular oval form, some elliptical, and others nearly
spherical. They are of a greenish- white or pale green colour. The
largest example in the Collection measures 3'2 by 2-3, and the
smallest 2-4 by 2-25. The eggs taken by the 'Southern Cross'
Expedition were found in pairs, and each pair is marked with a
separate serial number.
28. Cape Adare, Antarctic Ocean Sir George Newnes, Bart.,
(' Southern Cross ' Rvped.). M.P. [P.].
Page 144. Add :—
Catarrhactes chrysocome.
2. Falkland Islands. Purchased.
Page 144. Add :—
Catarrhactes chrysolophus.
2. Falkland Islands. Purchased.
APPENDIX. 233
Page 157. Add :—
Genus PAGODROMA, Bp.
Pagodroma nivea (Gm.). •
Pagodroma nivea, Moseley, Notes Nat. 'Challenger,' p. 253 (1879) ; Scl. Ibis,
1894, p. 498 ; Salvin, Cat. Birds B. M. xxv. p. 419 (1896) ; Sharjie,
Hand-l. i. p. 127 (1899) ; Borchgr. Geoff r. Journ. xvi. pp. 393, 403
(1900).
The eggs of the Snowy Petrel vary from a pointed to a blunt oval
shape and sometimes they are quite elliptical. They are white and
quite devoid of all gloss. The shell is slightly rough. Ten examples
measure from 1'98 to 2*35 in length, and from 1-35 to 1-67 in
breadth.
10. Duke of York Island, Antarctic Sir George Newnes, Bart.,
Ocean (< Southern Cross ' Exped.}. M.P. [P.].
Page 157. Add:—
Bulweria bulweri.
6. Island off the coast of China, near C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
Foochow, July.
Page 161. Add :—
Pelecanoides urinatrix.
2. Falkland Islands. Purchased.
Page 163. Add :—
Diomedea melanophrys.
2. Falkland Islands. Purchased.
Page 167. Add :—
Uria troile.
4. Pembrokeshire. Miss L. L. Salmon [P.],
Page 182. Add :—
Sterna hirundinacea.
1. Falkland Islands. Purchased.
Page 190. Add :—
Sterna anaestheta.
8 Island off the coast of China, near C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
Foochow, July.
234 APPENDIX.
212. Add :—
Larus dominicanus.
4. Falkland Islands. Purchased.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
ubui-ri (Aburria), 22.
Aburria, 22.
Acryllium, 63.
acuflavidus (Thalasseus),
186.
acleliaj (Eudyptes), 232.
adelirc (Pygoscelis), 232.
^Echmopkorus, 138.
aegyntiaca (Columba),
99.
aggyptiacus (Tartar), 99.
aeoea (Carpophaga), 85.
jEpyornis, 7, 8.
aequinoctialis (Maja-
queus), 156.
aequinoctialis (Procel-
laria), 156.
afer (Francolinus), 38.
affinis (Larus), 214.
affinis (Osmotreron), 82.
affinis (Sterna), 188.
affinis (Thalasseus), 188.
afra (Perdix), 38.
africana (Coturnix), 45.
africanua (Francolinus).
38.
africanus (Turnix), 71.
Agriocharis, 65.
akool (Amaurornis), 120.
akool (Porzana), 120.
alba (Gygis), 200.
albatrus (Diomedea), 162.
albicollis (Ehynchops),
202.
albicristatus (Euploca-
inus), 54.
albicristatus (Gennjeus),
54.
albi Irons (Engyptila),
1 (>.").
albifrons (Leptoptila),
106.
albigena (Sterna). 185.
nlbigularis (Creciscus),
lift
albigularis (Cymodroma),
albigularis (Fregetta),
151.
albigularis (Porzana),
119.
albipennis ^Podicipes),
134.
albistriata (Sterna), 181.
albiventris (Aramides),
113.
albiventris (Ortalis), 21.
albivitta (Procelsterna),
197.
albocristatus (Gallopha-
sis), 54.
albocristatus (Gennseus),
54.
albogularis (Fregetta),
151.
albus (Lagopus), 23.
albus (Tetrao), 23.
Alca, 165.
alchata (Pterocles), 75, 76.
alchata (Pteroclurus), 75,
76.
alchatus (Pteroclidurus),
75.
alector (Crax), 19.
aleutica (Sterna), 189.
aleuticus (Ptychorham-
phus), 171.
Alle, 1H6.
alle (Alca), 166.
alle (Alle), 166.
alle (Arctica), 167.
alle (Mergulus), 166.
alleni (Porphyrio), 126.
alleni (Porphyriola), 126.
alpinus (Lagopus), 24.
altaicus (Tetraogallus),
31.
aruabilis (Zenaida), 93.
Amaurornis, 120.
americana (Cupidonia),
28.
americana (Fulica), 131.
americana (Meleagris),
64.
americana (Rhea), 1.
americanus (Podicipes),
135.
americanus (Tympanu-
chus), 28.
amherstiaa (Chrysolo-
phus), 59.
Ammoperdix, 35.
anaestheta (Sterna), 190,
233.
andalusica (Perdix), 71.
andalusica (Turnix), 71.
anglica (Gelochelidon),
177.
anglica (Sterna), 177.
anglorum (Puffinus), 153,
154.
Anous, 197.
antarctica (Lestris), 226.
antarctica (Megalestris),
226.
antarctica (Sterna), 181.
antarcticus (Eallus), 110.
antarcticus(Stercorarius),
226.
antillarum (Sterna), 194.
antipodus (Larus), 212.
Aptenodytes, 143.
Aptenodytes, sp., 144.
Apteryx, 7, 9.
aquaticus (Rallus), 110.
arabica (Sterna), 188.
Aramides, 113.
araucana (Columba), 89.
Arboricola, 42.
arctica (Alca), 173.
arctica (Fratercula), 173.
arctica (Sterna), 184.
arcticus (Colymbus), 140.
arcticus (Podiceps), 135.
arcticus (Urinator), 141.
arenarius (Pterocles), 78.
arenarius (Pteroclis), 78.
argentatus (Laroides),
215.
argentatus (Larus), 215,
216.
236
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
argoondah (Perdicula),
41.
argus (Argusianus), 61.
Argusianus, 61.
armillata (Fulica), 130.
arra(Uria), 168, 169.
asiatica (Perdicula), 41.
assimilis (Megaloprepia).
84.
assimilis (Puffinus), 155.
atra (Fulica), 129.
atricilla (Lams), 206.
atrigularis (Arboricola),
42.
audouini (Larus), 216.
auduboui (Puffinus), 154.
aurantia (Seena), 179.
auricularis (Porzana),
118.
auriculata (Zenaida), 93.
auritus (Dytes), 135.
auritus (Podiceps), 135,
136.
auritus (Podicipes), 135.
auritus (Tartar), 94.
australis (Casuarius), 5.
australis (Excalf actor ia),
48.
australis (Ocydrouius),
114.
australis (Perdix), 46.
australis (Prion), 160,
australis (Struthio), 3.
australis (Syncecus), 46,
47.
australis (Synoicus), 46.
bailloni (Crex), 117.
bailloni (Porzana), 117,
118.
Bambusicola, 48.
bankiva (Gallus), 59.
bankiva (Phasianus), 59.
barrovianus (Larus), 220.
beccarii (Casuarius), 5, 6.
bennetti (Casuarius), 7.
berardi (Pelecanoides),
161.
bergii (Sterna), 188.
betulina (Bonasa), 30.
bicalcaratus (Francoli-
nus), 39.
bicincta(Osmotreron), 82.
bicolor (Carpophaga), 86.
bicolor (Myristicivora),
86.
blythi (Ceriornis), 51.
blythi (Tragopan), 51.
bollei (Columba), 90.
bonapartii (Nothocercus),
Bonasa, 29.
bonasia (Tetrao), 30.
bonasia (Tetrastes), 30.
bonhaini (Ammoperdix),
35.
brachipus (Eallus), 112.
brachyptera (Engyptila),
105.
brachypus (Hypotasni-
dia), 112.
brachyrhynchus (Larus),
219.
brasiliensis (Crypturus),
10.
brazieri (Megapodius),
brenchleyi (Megapodius),
16.
brevicauda (Procellaria),
155.
brevicaudus (Nectris),
155.
brevirostris (Larus), 224.
brevirostris (CEstrelata),
157.
brevirostris (Rissa), 224.
bruennichi (Alca), 169.
brunnichii (Uria), 168.
buffoni (Stercorarius),
228.
buffoni i (Lestris), 228.
bulleri (Apteryx), 9.
bulweri (Bulweria), 157,
233.
bulweri (Lobiophasis),
53.
Bulweria, 157.
bulwerii (Thalassidroma),
157.
burnabyi (Megapodius),
17. '
Caccabis, 32.
cachinnans (Larus), 216.
cairulea (Halobsena), 160.
caerulea (Procelsterna),
196.
caeruleus (Anous), 196.
C£eruleus (Porphyrio),
127.
californica (Callipepla),
66.
californica (Uria), 168.
californicus (Larus), 217.
californicus (Lophortyx),
66.
californicus (Podicipes),
136.
californicus (Proctopus),
136.
Calcenas, 106.
Calopezus, 14.
Calophasis, 58.
oambayensis (Stigmato-
pelia), 100.
cambayensis (Turtur),
100.
camelus (Struthio), 3.
Canachites, 27.
canadensis (Canachites),
27.
canadensis (Dendraga-
pus), 27.
canadensis (Tetrao), 27.
canadensis, var. canaden-
sis (Canace), 27.
Candida (Gygis), 200.
canningi (Castanolimnas),
115.
canningi (Rallina), 115.
cantiaca (Sterna), 186.
cantiacus (Thalasseus),
186.
canus (Larus), 218.
capensis (Coturnix), 45.
capensis (Daption), 159.
capensis (Francolinus).
39.
capensis ((Ena), 102.
capensis (Podicipes), 134.
capicola (Streptopelia),
96.
capicola (Turtur), 96.
carneipes (Nectris), 155.
carneipes (Puffinus), 155.
Carolina (Porzana), 117.
caroliuensis (Zenaidura),
92.
Carpophaga, 85.
carunculata (Aburria),
'22.
carunculata (Crax), 20.
casiotis (Columba), 91.
casiotis (Palumbus), 91.
caspia (Hydroprogne),
178.
caspia (Oreotetrax), 32.
caspia (Sterna), 178.
caspia (Sylochelidon),
178.
caspius (Tetraogallus), 32.
cassinii (Sterna), 182.
castaneiventer (Eulabe-
ornis), 113.
castaneiventris (Eulabe-
ornis), 113.
Castanolimnas, 115.
castanonota (Turnix), 73.
castanotus (Hemipodius).
73.
castanotus (Perdix), 73.
castanotus (Turnix), 73.
castro (Oceanodroma),
148.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
237
cast i-o (Thalassidroma),
L48.
easiiarius (Casuarius). .">.
catarractes (Lestris), 220.
Catarrhactes, 144.
catarrhactes (Lestris),
2L'4.
cat a rrhactes( Megalestris ) ,
22 k
catarrhactes (Stercora-
rius), 224.
eatesbaei (Atricilla . 2<>ii.
Catheturus, 18.
Catreus, 56.
caucasica (Megaloperclix),
32.
caucasicus (Tetraogallus),
32.
cavanensis (Creciscus),
119.
cayennensis (Creciscus),
119.
cavennensis (Porzana),
119.
Centrocercus, 28.
cephus (Lestris), 228.
Cepphus, 169.
cerviniventris (Lepto-
ptila), 105.
Chalcophaps, 103.
chaleoptera (Columba).
103.
chaleoptera (Peristera),
104.
chaleoptera (Phaps), 103.
Chamaepelia. 101.
Chamsepetes, 22.
chilensis (Megalestris),
225.
chinensis (Excalfactoria),
47. 48.
chinensis (Francolinus),
37.
chinensis (Spilopelia), 98,
280.
chinensis (Turtur), 98.
chionoptera (Dioniedea),
102.
chlorigaster (Crocopus),
81.
chlorogaster (Crocopus),
81.
chloropus (G-allinula),
123.
chloropus, var. pyrrhor-
rhoa (Gallinula), 123.
chlororhynchus (Puffi-
nus), 152.
chrysochlora (Chalco-
phaps), 103.
chrysocome (Apteno-
dytes), 144.
(Catarrhac-
tes), 144; 232.
chrysocome (Eudyptes),
144.
Chrysolophus, 58.
chrysolophus (Catarrhac-
tes), 144, 232.
chrysolophus (Eudyptes),
144.
chukar (Caccabis), 33.
chukor (Caccabis). 33.
cinerea (Anous), 196.
cinerea (Gallicrex). 125.
232,
cinerea (Perdix), 40.
cinerea (Procelsterna),
197.
cinereus (Anous), 197.
cinereus (Puffinus), 152.
cinnamomeus (Cryptu-
rus), 12.
cirrhata (Alca), 172.
cirrhata (Fratercula),
172.
cirrhata (Lunda), 172.
cirrhocephalus (Larus),
207.
clamator (Francolinus),
39.
clamator (Perdix), 39.
colchicus (Phasianus),
57.
Colinus. 67.
Columba, 87.
columba (Alca), 171.
columba (Cepphus), 171.
columba (Grylle), 170.
columba (Pseuduria),
171.
columba (Uria), 171.
columbiamisfPediocaetes),
29.
columbianus(Pedioecetes),
29.
columbina (Bulweria),
157.
Columbula, 101.
Colyrnbus, 139.
coramunis (Coturnix), 44,
45.
corniculata (Fratercula),
174.
cornutus (Podiceps), 135.
cornutus (Podicipes), 135.
coroinandelica(Cohirnix)
45.
coronata (Goura), 107.
coronata (Nuinida), 63.
coronatus (Pt erodes), 78.
coronatus (Pteroclisj, 78,
79.
Coturnix, 44.
coturnix (Coturnix ». 44,
45.
coturnix (Perdix). 44.
coturnix (Turnix), 44.
crassirostris (Gallinula),
125.
crassirostris (Larus), 209.
Crax, 19.
Creagrus, 203.
Creciscus, 119.
crepidatus (Lestris), 228.
crepidatus (Stercorarius),
crepitans (Eallus), im».
Crex, 115.
crex (Crex), 115.
crex (Rallus), 115.
cristate (Fulica), 130.
cristata (Gallicrex), 125.
cristata (Gallinula), 125.
cristata (Lophaethyia),
136.
cristata (Lupha), 130.
cristatella (Fratercula),
172.
cristatellus (Simorhyn-
chus), 172.
cristatus (Opisthoconius)r
108.
cristatus (Pavo), 61.
cristatus (Podiceps), 136.
cristatus (Podicipes), 136.
Crocopus, 81.
Crossoptilum, 53.
crudigularis (Arboricola\
42.
crudigularis(Oreoperdix)r
4«>.
cruziana (Chama^pelia),
102.
cryptoleucura (Oceano-
droma), 148.
Crypturus, 11.
cubanensis (Colinus), 68.
cubanensis (Ortyx), 68.
cumingi (Megapodius)y
16.
cuneatus (Puffinus), 152.
cupido, var. cupido(Cupi-
donia), 28.
cuprea (Carpophaga), 80,
cuprea (Ducula), 86/;
curvirostns (A'otho-
procta). 13.
cuvieri (Dryolimnas),
114.
cuvieri (Talegallus), 18.
Cyrtonyx, 68.
dactylisonans (Coturnix),
45.
Paption, 159.
238
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
darwini (Nothura), 14.
darwini (Rbea), 2.
delalandei (Vinago), 80.
delalandii (Treron), 80.
delawarensis (Larus),
217.
demersa (Aptenodyta),
145.
demersa (Aptenodytes),
146.
demersus (Spheniscus),
145, 146.
-Dendragapus, 27.
Dendrortyx, 65.
desolatus (Prion), 160.
Didunculus, 107.
dilwynni (Megapodius),
16.
Dinornis, 7.
Diomedea, 162.
dominicanus (Larus),
212, 234.
dominions (Podiceps),
134.
dominicus (Podicipes),
134.
dominicus (Tachybaptes),
134.
dougalli (Sterna), 186.
douraca (Streptopelia),
96.
douraca (Turtur), 96.
Dromaeus, 4.
Dryolimnas, 114.
Ducula, 86.
duperreyi (Megapcdius),
16, 17.
dussumieri (Streptopelia),
96.
dussumieri (Turnix), 71.
dussumieri (Turtur), 96.
Dytes, 135.
eburnea (Pagophila), 222.
eburneus (Larus), 222.
Ectopistes, 92.
elegans (Calodrornus), 14.
elegans (Calopezus), 14.
elegans (Eudromia), 14.
elegans (Phaps), 104.
elegans (Rallus), 109.
ellioti (Calophasis), 58.
ellioti (Phasianus), 58.
elphinstonei (Oolumba),
91.
elphinstonii (Palumbus),
91.
emeu (Oasuarius), 5.
eremita (Megapodius), 16.
erythrorhyncha (Micro-
perdix), 41.
Eudyptula, 145.
Eulabeornis, 113.
Eupsychortyx, 66.
ewingi (Ptilopus), 84.
ewingii (Ptilonopus), 84.
Excalfactoria, 47.
exulans (Diomedea), 162.
exustus (Pterocles), 77.
exustus (Pteroclidurus),
77.
exustus (Pteroclurus), 77.
fasciata (Turnix), 70.
fasciatus (Pterocles), 79.
faseiatus (Pteroclis), 79.
fasciatus (Ptilonupus), 84.
fasciatus (Ptilopus), 84.
fera (Meleagris), 64.
ferrago (Turtur), 95.
ferrugineus (G-allus), 59.
fissipes (Hydrochelidon),
176.
flavirostris (Rhynchops),
fluviatilis (Podiceps),
133, 134.
fluviatilis (Podicipes),
fluviatilis (Sterna), 182.
fluviatilis (Tachybaptes),
133, 134.
forsteri (Sterna), 180.
Francoliuus, 36.
francolinus(Francolinus),
36.
francolinus (Perdix), 36.
franklini (Larus), 206.
frantzii (Nothocercus),!!.
Fratercula, 173.
Fregetta, 151.
frontalis (Sterna), 189.
Fulica, 129.
fuliginosa (Diomedea),
164.
fuliginosa (Haliplana).
191.
fuliginosa (Onychoprion),
1 uL»
fuliginosa (Phoebe tria),
164.
fuliginosa (Sterna), 191.
fuliginosus (Dendra-
gapus), 27.
ulm
Fulmar, The, 158.
Fulmarus, 158.
fulviventris (Leptoptila),
105.
furcata (Xema), 203.
furcatus (Creagru.s), 203.
fusca (Porzana), 120.
fuscus (Larus), 213.
fuscus (Limnobsenus),
120, 231.
fytchei(Bambusicola), 48.
fytchii (Bambusicola), 48.
Gabianus, 221. '
galapagensis (Anous),
198.
galeata (Gallinula), 124,
232.
galeata (Pauxis), 20.
galeatus (Casuarius), 5.
Gallicrex, 125.
Gallinula, 123.
Galliperdix, 49.
gallopavo (Meleagris),
52, 64.
gallopavo mexicana
(Meleagris), 64.
gallopavo, var. gallopavo
(Meleagris), 64.
gallopavo, var. mexicana
(Meleagris), 64.
Gallus, 59.
gallus (Gallus), 59.
garnoti (Pelecanoides),
161.
Garrodia, 150.
gavia (Puffinus), 154.
gelastes (Larus), 210.
Gelochelidon, 177.
Gennaeus, 54.
geoffroyi (Ithagenes), 50.
geoffroyi (Peristera), 231.
Geopelia, 100.
Geophaps, 104.
Geotrygon, 105.
gigantea (Fulica), 131.
gigantea (Ossifraga), 158.
gigantea (Procellaria),
158.
giganteus (Argus), 61.
giganteus (Gallus), 61.
glacialis (Colymbus), 142.
glacialis (Fulmarus), 158,
159.
glacialis (Procellaria),
158.
glacialis glupischa (Ful-
marus), 159.
glaucescens (Larus), 219.
glaucodes (Larus), 208.
glaucus (Larus), 220.
glaucus (Leucus), 220.
globicei*a (Orax), 20.
glupiscba (Fulmarus),
159.
goudoti (Chamaspetes),
gouldi (Bruchigavia),
210.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
239
Goura, 107.
gracilis (Sterna), 186.
graca (Perdix), 32, 33.
grayi (Argusianus), 61.
griseicapilla (Carpo-
phaga), 86.
griseicapilla (Ducula),86.
griseigena (Lopiuethjia),
137.
griseigena (Podiceps),
137.
griseigena (Podicipes),
137.
griseiventris (Crypturus),
11.
grylle (Alca), 170.
grylle (Cepphus), 169.
grylle (Una), 169.
gularis (Francolinus), 38.
gularis (Ortygornis), 38.
gularis (Pcdiceps), 134.
gularis (Rallus), 114.
Gygis, 200.
Halobaena, 160.
Halocyptena, 147.
hartlaubi (Larus), 211.
hemprichi (Larus), 209.
heyi (Ammoperdix), 36.
heyii (Caccabis), 36.
himalayensis (Tetrao-
gallus), 31.
hirundinacea (Sterna),
182, 233.
hirundo (Sterna), 182,
184.
histrionica (Histrio-
phaps), 104.
histrionica (Phaps), 104.
Histriopbaps, 104.
hoazin (Opisthocomus),
108.
hodgsoniae (Perdix), 40.
holboelli (Lophsethyia),
137.
holboelli (Podicipes), 137
holboellii (Colymbus),
137.
Homopelia, 95.
hopkinsoni (Bambusi-
cola), 48.
horsfieldi (Euplocamus),
55.
horsfieldi (Gallophasis),
55.
horsfieldi (Gennaeus),
55.
humboldti (Spheniscus),
146.
humeralis (Erythrauch-
cena), 100.
humeralis (Geopelia),
100.
humilis (OEnopopelia),
230.
hyaeinthinu.s(Porphyrio),
127.
hybrida (Ilydrochelidon),
175.
hybrida (Sterna), 175.
Hydrochelidon, 174.
Hydroprogne, 178.
hypoleucus (Eupsychor-
tyx), 67.
Hypotienidia, 111.
ianthina (Carpophaga),
91.
ianthina (Columba), 91.
ichthyaetus (Larus), 204.
ignita (Lophura), 52.
ignitus (Euplocamus), 52.
imber (Urinator), 142.
immer (Urinator), 142.
impennis (Alca), 164.
impennis (Plautus), 164.
impeyana (Satyra), 52.
impeyanus (Lophopho-
rus), 52.
indica (Chalcophaps),
103.
indicus (Porpbyrio), 128.
infuscatus (Pternistes),
229.
insularis (Carpophaga),
85.
insularis (Corethrura),
118.
insularis (Ortygometra),
118.
insularis (Sarothrura),
118.
intercedens (Nothocer-
cus), 11.
intermedia (Arboricola),
43.
intermedia (Columba),
87.
irrorata (Diomedea), 163.
isabellinus (Turtur), 95.
islandicus (Lagopus), 25.
Ithagenes, 50.
iamaicensis (Creciscus),
119.
jarnaicensis (Porzana),
119.
jamesonii (Bruchigavia),
210.
janthina (Columba), 91.
japonica (Coturnix), 45.
joudera (Turnix). 72.
kirki (Francolinus), 38.
kuhli (Puffinus), 152.
lafayettei (Gallus), 60.
lafayetti (Gallus), 60.
lafayettii (Gallus), 60.
Lagopus, 22.
lagopus (Lagopus), 23.
lagopus (Tetrao), 23, 24.
lambruschinii (Gelastes),
210.
Lamprotreron, 84.
Larus, 204.
Larus, sp., 208.
lathami (Catheturus), 18.
lathami (Megapodius),
18.
lathami (Talegalla), 18.
lathami (Talegallus), 18.
laurivora (Columba), 89.
layardi (Megapodius), 17.
leachii (Procellaria), 148.
leachii (Thalassidroma).
148.
Leptoptila, 105.
lepurana (Turnix), 71.
lessoni ((Estrelata), 156.
leucocapillus CAnous),
199.
leucocapillus (Micranous)
199.
leucocephala (Columba),
89.
Leucophaaus, 222.
leucophaaus (Larus), 216.
leucophrys (Dendrortyx),
65.
leucopogon (Eupsych-
ortyx), 66.
leucoptera (Fulica), 132.
leucoptera (Hydrocheli-
don), 174.
leucoptera (Melopelia),
94.
leucoptera (Sterna), 174.
leucopterus (Larus), 221.
leucopterus (Leucus),
221.
leucopyga( Fulica), 131.
leucopygia (Fulica), 131.
leucorrhoa (Cymochorea),
148.
leucorrhoa (Oceanodro-
ma), 148.
leucorrhoa (Thalassi-
droma), 148.
Leucosarcia, 106.
leucotis (Eupsychortyx),
66.
leucotis (Phabotreron),
83.
240
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
Lirunobsenus, 120.
Limnopardalis, 111.
lineata (Excalfactoria),
48.
lineatus (Euplocamus),55.
lineatus (Gennseus), 55.
Lipoa, 18.
livia (Columba), 87.
Lobiophasis, 53.
lomvia (Uria), 167, 168,
169.
lomvia arra (Uria), 169.
lomvia lomvia (Uria),
169.
longicaudatus (Sterco-
rarius), 228.
longicaudus (Sterco-
rarius), 228.
longipennis (Sterna), 185.
longirostris (Aptenody-
tes), 143.
longirostris (Eallus), 109.
Lophaethyia, 106.
Lophophorus, 52.
Lophortyx, 66.
lophotes (Ocyphaps), 105.
Lophura, 52.
lumme (Urinator), 139.
lunata (Sterna), 190.
Lunda, 172.
lunulata(Galliperdix),50.
lunulatus (Galliperdix),
50.
Lyrurus, 25.
maccalli (Ortalis), 21.
macoormicki (Megales-
tris), 226.
macrodactyla (Oceano-
droma), 149.
macrolopha (Pucrasia),
56.
macrolopha (Satyra), 56.
Macropygia, 91.
macroura (Sterna), 184.
macroura(Zenaidura), 92.
macrura (Sterna), 183.
maculata (Zenaida), 93.
maculipennis (Larus).
207.
maculosa (Nothura), 13.
maculosus (Crypturus),
13.
magellanicus (Sphenis-
cus), 146.
magnirostris (Phae-
tbusa), 176.
magnirostris (Sterna),
176.
magnirostris (Thalas-
seus), 176.
Majaqueus, 156.
major (^Echmophorus),
138.
major (Tinamus), 10.
malabarica (Osmotre-
ron), 82.
maleo (Megacephalon), 1 9.
nialeo (Megalocephalurn),
maleo (Megapodius), 19.
manchuricum (Crosso-
ptilon), 53.
manchuricum (Crosso-
ptilum), 53.
mantelli (Apteryx), 9.
marina (Pelagodroma),
150.
marina (Procellaria), 150.
marinus (Larus), 211.
marmoratus (Odonto-
phorus), 69.
martinica (lonornis),
126.
martinica (Porphyriola),
126.
martinicensis (Gallinula),
126.
maruetta (Porzana), 116.
masaicus (Struthio), 4.
massena (Cyrtonyx), 68.
maxima (Sterna), 187.
maximus (^Epyornis), 9.
media (Sterna), 188.
meena (Tartar), 95.
Megalestris, 224.
Megalocepbalum, 19.
Megaloprepia, 84.
Megapodius, 15.
Megapodius, sp., 16, 17.
uaelanauchen (Sterna),
195.
melania (Cymochorea),
149.
melania (Oceanodroma),
149.
melanocephala (Gavia),
205.
melanocephalus (Cerior-
nis), 51.
melanocephalus (Larus),
205.
melanocephalus (Tra-
gopar), 51.
melanogaster (Cymo-
droma), 151.
melanogaster (Fregetta),
151.
melanogaster (Sterna),
179.
melanogaster (Thalassi-
droma), 151.
melauogaster (Turnix),
72.
melanogastra (Fregetta),
151.
melanogenys (Anous),
199.
melanonotus (Euplo-
camus), 54.
melanonotus (Gennseus),
54.
m ela nonotus( Porphy rio) ,
128.
Melanoperdix, 44.
melanophrys (Diome-
dea), 163, 233.
melanops (Anous), 199.
melanops (Porphyriops),
125.
melanoptera (Metrio-
pelia), 102.
melanorhyncha (Sterna),
181, 189.
melanotus (Gallophasis),
54.
melanotus (Porphvrio),
128.
rnelanura (Rhynchops),
201.
Meleagris, 64.
meleagris (Numida), 63.
Melopelia, 94.
meridionalis (Columba),
93.
meridionalis (Zenaida),
93.
Metriopelia, 102.
michahellesii (Laroides),
216.
Micranous, 199.
Microperdix, 41.
microsoma (Halocy-
ptena), 147.
Microtribonyx, 122.
migrator! a (Columba), 92.
migratorius (Ectopistes),
92.
minor (Aptenodytes),
145.
minor (Eudyptula), 145.
minor (Podiceps), 133.
minor (Podicipes), 133.
minor (Tachybaptus).
133.
minuta (Gallinula), 116.
minuta (Sterna), 193.
minuta (Stern ula), 93.
minuta (Zapornia),
116.
minutus (Hydrocolaeus),
204.
minutus (Larus ), 204.
ALPHABETICAL IXDEX.
241
miserythrus (Tiuamus),
12.
mitrata (Numida), 63.
initrata, var. tiarata
(Numida), 6-3.
mitu (Mitua), 20.
Mitua, 20.
mlokosiewiczi (L^rurus),
26.
mlokosiewiczi (Tetrao),
26.
molybdophanes (Stru-
tbio), 3, 4.
montana (Geotrygon),
105.
montanus (Geotrygon),
105.
montanus (Lagopus), 24.
montezuoite (Cyrtonyx),
68.
mortieri (Tribonyx), 122.
rnuthura (Gennanis), 54.
muticus (Pavo), 62.
rautus (Lagopus), 24.
mutus (Tetrao), 24, 25.
in ut us, var. rupestris
(Lagopus), 25.
Myristicivora, 86.
namaqua (Pterocles), 76.
narnaqua (Pterocdurus),
76.
namaquus (Pterocli-
durus), 76.
nativitatis (Puffinus),
156.
neglecta (CEstrelata),
157.
nepalensis (Treron), 82.
nereis (Garrodia), 150.
nereis (Procellaria), 150.
nereis (Sterna), 192.
nereis (Sternula), 192.
nesiotis (Porphyriornis),
123.
nicobarica (Catenas),
106.
nicobariensis (Mega-
podius), 15.
nigra (Hydrochelidon),
175.
nigra (Melanoperdix),
44.
nigra (Rhynchops), 200.
nigra (Sterna), 175, 176.
nigra surinamensis (Hy-
drochelidon), 176.
nigrescens (Turnix), 70.
nigricans (Alle), 167.
nigricollis californicus
(Dytes), 136.
VOL. I.
nigricollis (Podiceps),
138.
uigricollis (Podicipes),
136.
nigricollis (Proctopus),
136.
nigricollis (Turnix), 72.
nigrigularis (Eupsychor-
tyx), 67.
nigripes (Diomedea), 163,
nigrivestis (Eudyptes),
144.
nigrogularis (Eupsych-
ortyx), 67.
nipalensis (Treron), 82.
nivea (Pagoclroma), 233.
nobilis (Lopbura), 52.
Noddy, The, 197.
Nothocercus, 11.
Nothoprocta, 13.
Nothura, 13.
novae-hollandiffl- (Casua-
rius), 4.
novse-bollandise- (Dro-
maeus), 4.
novfe-hollandise (Larus),
210.
novae-hollandias (Podi-
ceps), 134.
novae-hollandige (Podi-
cipes), 134.
nova&-hollandi£e (Xema),
210.
novse-zealaudise (Cotur-
nix), 46.
nudicollis (Perdix), 40.
nudicollis (Pternistes),
40.
nugax (Puffinus), 155.
Numida, 62.
nycthemeru& (Gennaeus),
55.
nycthemerus (Phasiauus),
55.
obscurior (Hypotasnidia),
112.
obscuriora (Hypotag-
nidia), 112.
obscurus (Puffinus), 154,
155.
obscurus subalaris (Puffi
nus), 154.
obscurus (Tetrao), 27.
obscurus, var. richard-
soni (Deudragapus),
27.
obsoletus (Crypturus),
229.
occidentalis (jEchinopho-
rus), 138.
occidentalis clarkii (^Ech-
mophorus), 138.
occidentalis (Larus), 215.
oceanica (Oceanitea), 150.
oceanica (Procellaria),
150.
oceanicus (Oceanites),
150.
Oceanites, 150,
Oceanodroma, 148.
ocellata (Agriocharis), 65.
ocellata (Leipoa), 18.
ocellata (Lipoa), 18.
ocellata (Meleagris), 65.
ocellatus (Megapodius
(Leipoa)), 18.
ocellatus (Turnix), 69.
Ocydromus, 114.
Ocyphaps, 105.
Odontophorus, 69.
(Ena, 102.
cenas (Columba), 88.
(Enopopelia, 97.
CEstrelata, 156.
olivacea (Amaurornis),
120.
Opisthocomus, 108.
opisthomelas (Puffinus),
154.
Oreortyx, 66.
orientalis (Turtur), 95.
Ortalis, 21.
Osmotreron, 82.
Ossifraga, 158.
pacificus (Colyrnbus),
141.
pacificus (Gabianus),
221.
pacificus (Larus), 221.
pacificus (Pareudiastes),
122.
pacificus (Urinator), 141.
Pagoclroma, 233.
Pagophila, 222.
palumbus (Columba),
90.
panaya (Haliplana), 190.
panaya (Ouychoprion),
190.
panaya (Sterna), 190.
panayensis (Onycho-
prion), 190.
papua (Aptenodytes),
143.
papua (Eudyptes), 143.
papua (Pygoscelis), 143,
232.
papuanus (Casuarius), 6.
paradisasa (Sterna), 183,
184.
242
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
paradoxus (Syrrhaptes),
75.
pai asiticus (Lestris), 227.
parasiticus (Stercorarius),
228.
Pareudiastes, 122.
parva (Crex), 116.
parTa (Porzana), 116.
parva (Zapornia), 116,
118.
parvirostris (CEstrelata),
157.
passerina (Chamsepelia),
101,231.
passerina (Columbigal-
lina), 101.
patachonica (Apteno-
dytes), 143.
patagonica (Aptenodytes),
143.
pauxi (Pauxis), 20.
Pauxis, 20.
Pavo, 61.
pectoralis (Coturnix), 46.
pectoralis (Eallus), 113.
Pedicecetes, 28.
Pedionomus, 74.
pelagica (Procellaria),
147.
pelagica (Thalassidroma),
147.
Peleoanoides, 161.
pelecanoides (Thalas-
seus), 188.
Penelope, 21.
pentlandi (Tinamotis),14.
perdicaria (Nothoprocta),
13.
Perdicula, 41.
Perdix, 40.
perdix (Perdix), 40.
perdix (Starna), 40.
Peristera, 231.
perousei (Ptilopus), 83.
perousii (Ptilonopus), 83.
petrosa (Caccabis), 34.
petrosa (Perdix), 34.
Phabotrerori, 83.
phaeonota (Columba), 89.
Phaethusa, 176.
Phaps, 103.
phasianellus (Pedio-
csetes), 28.
phasianellus (Pedice-
cetes), 28, 29.
phasianellus columbia-
mis (Pediocjetes), 29.
phasianellus, var. colum-
bianus (Pedioecetes), 29.
pbasianellus, var. phasia-
nellns (Pedioecetes), 28.
Phasianus, 57.
phayrei (Osmotreron),
82.
phayrii (Osmotreron),
Philadelphia (Chroico-
cephalus), 205.
Philadelphia (Larus),
205.
philippensis (Hypotae-
nidia), 113.
philippensis (Podicipes),
philippensis (Eallus),
113.
philippinensis (Hypotas-
nidia), 113.
philippinensis (Podici-
pes), 133.
Phlogoenas, 106.
Phoebetria, 164.
phcenicopterus (Croco-
pus), 81 .
phoenicura (Amaurornis),
121, 232.
phoenicura (Erythra),
121.
phoenicura (Gallinula),
121.
phoenicura (Porzana),
121.
picata (Leucosarcia), 106.
picta (Thaumalea), 58.
picturata (Homopelia),
95.
picturatus (Turtur), 95.
pictus (Chrysolophus),
58.
pictus (Francolinus), 37.
pictus (Oreortyx), 66.
pictus (Phasianus), 58.
picui (Columbula), 101.
pileata (Penelope), 21. .
pileatus (Crypturus), 12.
Plautus, 164.
plumbipes (Turnix), 69.
podiceps (Podilymbus),
138.
Podicipes, 133.
podicipes (Podilymbus),
138.
Podilymbus, 138.
poliocephalus (Porphy-
rio), 127.
poliocerca (Sterna), 188.
poliocercus (Thalasseus),
188.
pondicerianus (Franco-
linus), 37.
pondicerianus (Ortygor-
nis), 37.
Porphyrio, 127.
Porphyriola, 126.
Porphyriops, 125.
Porphyriornis, 123.
Porzana, 116.
porzana (Crex), 116.
porzana (Gallinula), 116.
porzana (Porzana)jll6.
powelli (Turnix), 70.
pratensis (Crex), 115.
Prion, 160.
pritchardi (Megapodius),
Procellaria, 147.
Procelsterna, 196.
Proctopus, 136.
Pseuduria, 171.
Pternistes, 40.
Pteroclidurus, 75.
Pteroclis, 78.
Ptilopus, 83.
Ptychorhamphus, 171.
Pucrasia, 56.
puella (Carpophaga),
85.
puella (Megaloprepia),
85.
Puffinus, 152.
puffinus (Procellaria),
152.
pufRnus (PufEnus), 153.
pugnax (Perdix), 69.
pugnax (Turnix), 69, 70.
pulchrala (Turtur), 95.
pulcbratus (Turtur), 95.
pullata (Fulica), 129.
pusilla (Ciceronia), 172.
pusilla (Gallinula), 116.
pusilla (Porzana), 117,
118.
pusillus (Simorhynchus),
172.
pygmaea (Gallinula), 117.
pygmaga (Porzana), 117,
118.
pygmaea (Zapornia), 117.
Pygoscelis, 143.
pyrenaicus (Pterocli-
durus), 76.
pyrenaicus (Pteroclurus),
76.
pvrrhothorax (Turnix),
73.
raalteni (Synoscus), 47.
Eallus, 109.
refulgens (Lophophorus),
52.
regia (Diomedea), 162.
reichenbachi(Leptoptila),
231.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
243
Ehea, 1.
rhodinolajma (Carpo-
phaga), 85.
Ehynchops, 200.
Ehynchotus, 12.
rhytirhynchua (Kallus),
111.
richardsoni (Dendra-
gapus), 27.
richardsoni (Stercora-
rius), 227.
richardsonii (Lestris),
227.
ridgwayi (Anous), 198.
ridibunda (Gavia), 208.
ridibundus (Larus), 208.
ringvia (Uria), 167.
risoria (Columba), 96.
risoria (Streptopelia),
96.
risorius (Turtur), 96.
Eissa, 223.
rissa (Eissa), 223.
robustus (Tinamus), 10.
rollandi (Podiceps),
135.
Eollulus, 43.
roseiventris (Gavia),
208.
roseiventris (Larus),
208.
roulroul (Eollulus), 43.
rubra(Perdix), 34.
rubricollis (Podiceps),
137.
rubricollis (Podicipes),
137.
rufa (Caccabis), 34.
rufa (Lophura), 52.
rufa (Perdii), 34.
rufescens (Crypturus),
12.
rufescens (Ehynchotus),
12.
ruficauda (Ortalis), 21.
ruficauda (Zenaida), 93.
ruficeps (Tinamus), 11.
rufifrons (Fulica), 131.
rufigularis (Arboricola),
43
rupestris (Lagopus), 25.
rupicola (Turtur), 95.
sabinei (Bonasa), 29.
sabinei (Xema), 203.
sabini (Xema), 203.
sabinii (Larus), 203.
sabinii (Xema), 203.
sahprus (Satyra), 50.
sahprus (Tragopan), 50.
saliceti (Tetrao), 2:5.
sallaei (Tinamus), 12.
saltator (Eudyptes), 144.
samoensis (Phlogoenas),
106.
samoensis (Porphyrio),
128.
sanguinolentus (Limno-
pardalis), 111.
sanguinolentus (Limno-
pardalus), 111.
sanguinolentus (Eallus),
111.
sandvicensis acuflavida
(Sterna), 186.
saracura (Aramides),
231.
Sarothrura, 118.
satyra (Ceriornis), 50.
satyra (Tragopan), 50.
sauudersi (Sterna), 194.
saxatilis (Caccabis), 32,
33.
saxatilis (Perdix), 32.
schlegeli (Catarrhactes),
145.
schlegeli (Eudyptes),
145.
scintillans (Graphophasi-
anus), 58.
scintillans(Phasianus),58.
scopulinus (Larus), 211.
scoresbii (Larus), 222.
scoresbii (Leucophaeus),
222.
scoresbyi (Leucophaeus),
scoticus (Lagopus), 23.
scoticus (Tetrao), 23.
scripta (Geophaps),
104.
Seena, 179.
seena (Seena), 179.
seena (Sterna), 179.
semitorquata (Strepto-
pelia), 96.
semitorquatus (Turtur),
96.
senegalensis (Columba),
99.
senegalensis (Pterocles),
77.
senegalensis (Sterna),
senegalensis (Stigmato-
pelia), 99.
senegalensis (Turtur), 99,
100.
septentrionalis (Colym-
bus), 139.
sharpei (Francolinus),
39.
sbarpii (Francolinus),
39.
sharpii (Turtur), 95.
Simorhynchus, 172.
sinensis (Sterna), 192,
193, 194.
sinensis (Sternula), 192.
skua (Catarracta), 224.
skua (Megalestris), 224.
smaragdinus(Porphyrio),
128.
snowi (Pseuduria), 171.
snowi (Uria), 171.
socorroensis (Oceano-
droma), 149.
solitarius (Tinamus),
229.
sonnerati (Gallus), 60.
sonorivox (Bambusicola),
49.
sovi (Crypturus), 12.
spadicea (Galliperdix),
49.
spadiceus (Galliperdix),
49.
speciosa (Columba), 89.
Spheniscus, 145.
Sphenocercus, 80.
sphenurus (Puffinus),
152.
sphenurus (Spheno-
cercus), 80.
sphenurus (Thiellus),
152.
Spilopelia, 98.
spilorrhoa (Myristici-
vora), 86, 230.
stairi (Megapodius), 17.
stairi (Phlogoenas), 1 06.
stanleyi (Gallus), 60.
Stercorarius, 227.
Sterna, 179.
Sterna sp., 181.
Stigmatopelia, 99.
stolida (Sterna), 197.
stolidus (Anous), ]97.
stolidus galapagensis
(Anous), 198.
stolidus ridgwayi
(Anous), 198.
Streptopelia, 96.
striata (Columba), 101.
striata (Geopelia), 83,
101.
striata (Hypotasnidia),
111,112.
striatus (Eallus), 111.
strigirostris (Diduncu-
lus), 107.
strophiuin (Thoraco-
treron), 230.
Struthio, 2.
subalaris (Puffinus),
154,
244
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
superba (Lamprotreron),
84.
superbus (Lamprotre-
ron), 84.
superbus (Ptilopus), 84.
superciliaris (Sterna),
195.
suratensis (Spilopelia),
99.
suratensis (Turtur), 99.
surinamensis (Hydro-
chelidon), 176.
swinhoei (Gennseus), 56.
swinhoii (Euplocainus),
56.
swainsoni (Ptilopus), 83.
swainsonii (Ptilinopus),
83.
sylvatica (Turnix), 7J .
sylvestris (Bonasia), 30.
Synoecus, 46.
Syrrhaptes, 75.
tseniata (Pygoscelis),
143.
tceniatus (Pygosceles),
143.
taigoor (Turnix). 69.
Talegallus, 18.
tanki (Turnix), 72.
temmincki (Ceriornis),
51.
temmincki <(Tragopan),
51.
tenebrosa (Gallinula),
123.
tenuirostris (Anous),
199.
tenuirostris (Micranous),
199.
tenuirostris (Puffinus),
155.
Tetrao, 26.
Tetraogallus, 31.
Tetrastes, 30.
tetrix (Lyrurus), 25.
tetrix (Tetrao), 25.
texanus (Colirms), 68.
texanus (Ortyx), 68.
thoracica (Bambusicola),
49, 230.
Thoracotreron, 230.
tibetanum (Crossoptilon),
53.
tibetanum (Crosso-
ptilum), 53.
tibetanus (Syrrhaptes),
75.
tibetanus (Tetraogallus),
31.
tigrina (Spilopelia), 98.
tigrinus (Ttirtur), 98.
Tinamotis, 14.
Tinamus, 10.
togata (Bonasa), 29.
torda (Alca), 165.
torquatus ( Palumbus), 90.
torquatus (Pedionoiuus),
74.
torquatus (Phasianus),
57.
torqueola (Arboricola),
42.
Tragopan, 50.
tranquebarica ((Enopo-
pelia), 97.
tranquebarica (Onopo-
pelia), 97.
tranquebaricus (Turtur),
97.
Treron, 82.
Tribonyx, 122.
tridactyla (Rissa), 223.
tridactyla pollicaris
(Eissa), 223.
tridactylus (Larus), 223.
trochila (Chamaepelia),
101.
troile (Alca), 167, 169.
troile arra (Alca), 169.
troile (Uria), 167, 168,
234.
troile brunnichi (Alca),
169.
troile californica (Uria),
168.
tropica (Oceanitis), 151.
trudeaui (Sterna), 196.
trudeauii (Sterna), 196.
tumulus (Megapodius),
16.
Turnix, 69.
Turtur, 94.
turtur (Columba), 94.
turtur (Prion), 160.
turtur (Turtur), 94.
tusalia (Macropygia), 91.
Tympanistria, 103.
tympanistria (Peristera),
103.
tyinpanistria (Tympan-
istria), 103.
Tympanuchus, 28.
umbelloides (Bonasa), 29.
umbellus (Bonasa), 29.
umbellus (Bonasia), 29.
umbellus (Tetrao), 29.
umbellus sabini (Bonasa),
29.
umbellus togata (Bonasa),
29.
umbellus umbelloides
(Bonasa), 29.
umbellus, var. sabini
(Bonasa), 29.
umbellus, var. umbelloides
(Bonasa), 29.
umbellus, var. - umbellus
(Bonasa), 29.
undina (Eudyptula),
145.
uniappendiculatus (Casu-
arius), 6.
Uria, 167.
wrinatrix (Pelecanoides),
161, 233.
urogallus (Tetrao), 26.
urophasianus (Centro-
cercus), 28.
varia (Perdix), 72.
varia (Turnix), 72.
varius (Turnix), 72.
velox (Sterna), 188.
velox (Thalasseus), 188.
velox (Turuix), 73.
ventralis(Microtribonyx) ,
122.
ventralis (Tribonyx),
122.
vernans (Osmotreron),
83.
vernans (Treron), 83.
versicolor (Phasiauus\
58.
veterum (Porphyrio),
127.
vetula (Ortalis), 21.
vetula maccalli (Ortalis),
21.
vetula, var. maccalli
(Ortalida), 21.
victoria (Goura), 107.
vieilloti (Euplocamus),
52.
Vinago, 80.
\irgata (Sterna), 181.
virginiana (Perdix), 67.
virginianus (Colinus),
67.
virginianus (Ortyx), 67.
virginianas (Hallus),
110.
virginianug cubanensis
(Colinus), 68.
virginianus texanus
(Colinus), 68.
virginianus, var. texanns
(Ortyx), 68.
virginianus, var. virgini-
anus (Ortyx), 67.
viridifrons (Crocopus),
81.
vitiensis (Porpbyrio),
128.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
245
vittata (Sterna), 181.
vittatus (Prion), 160.
vulgaris (Coturnix), 44.
vulgaris (Francolinus),
36.
vulgaris (Turtur), 94.
Tulturinuoi (Acryllium),
63.
wagleri (Pvgosceles),
143.
wallichi (Catreus), 56.
wallichi (Phasianus),
56.
wilsoni (Oceanites),
150.
wilsonii (Sterna), 182.
Xema, 203.
yelcouan (Puffinus), 154.
yelkouan (Puflinus), 154.
yelkouanus (Puffinus),
154.
ypacaha (Arauiides),
114.
Zapornia, 116.
Zeaaida, 93.
zenaida (Zenaida), 93.
^euaidura, 92.
LIST OF THE CURRENT
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Catalogue of the Marsupialia and Monotremata in the
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BIRDS.
Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum :—
Vol. VI. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
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. . CicHomorphce \ Part III., containing the first portion
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BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 3
Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum — continued.
R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xiii., 420. Woodcuts and
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Vol. VII. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
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( 'ichlomorjthce : Part V., containing the families
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Fringilli formes : Part I., containing the families
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Motacillidae. By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xiii., 682.
Woodcuts and 12 coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 11. 2s.
Vol. XI. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
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Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum — continued.
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Vol. XIV. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
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Oligomyodce, or the families Tyrannida, Oxyrham-
phidae, Pipridae, Cotingidae, Phytotomida^ Philepittidae,
Pittidae, Xenicidas, and Eurylaemidae. By Philip
Lutley Sclater, M.A., F.R.S. Pp. xix., 494. Woodcuts
and 26 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Indexes.] 1888, 8vo. II. 4s.
Vol. XV. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
Tracheophonce. or the families Dendrocolaptidae,
Formicariidae, Conopophagidae, and Pteroptochidae.
By Philip Lutley Sclater, M.A., F.R.S. Pp. xvii., 371.
Woodcuts and 20 coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1890, 8vo. II.
Vol. XVI. Catalogue of the Picariae in the Collection of
the British Museum. Upupce and Trochili, by Osbert
Salvin. Coracice, of the families Cypselidae, Capri-
mulgidse, Podargidae, and Steatornithidae, by Ernst
Hartert. Pp. xvi., 703. Woodcuts and 14 coloured
Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.]
1892, 8vo. II. 16s.
Vol. XVII. Catalogue of the Picariae in the Collection
of the British Museum. Coracice (contin.) and
Haley ones, with the families Leptosomatidae, Coraciidae,
Meropidae, Alcedinidae, Momotidae, Totidae and Coliidae,
by R. Bowdler Sharpe. Bucerotes and Trogones by
W. R. Ogilvie Grant. Pp. xi., 522. Woodcuts and 17
coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical
Indexes.] 1892, 8vo. 11. 10s.
Vol. XVIII. Catalogue of the Picarise in the Collection
of the British Museum. Scansores, containing the
family Picidaa. By Edward Hargitt. Pp. xv., 597.
Woodcuts and 15 coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1890, 8vo. II. 6s.
Vol. XIX. Catalogue of the Picariae in the Collection of
the British Museum. Scansores and Coccyges : con-
taining the families Rhamphastidae, Galbulidae, and
Bucconidse, by P. L. Sclater ; and the families Indi-
catoridae, Capitonidae, Cuculidae, and Musophagidae, by
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 5
Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum — continued.
G. E. Shelley. Pp. xii., 484 : 13 coloured Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1891,
8vo. II. 5s.
Vol. XX. Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots, in the
Collection of the British Museum. By T. Salvadori.
Pp. xvii., 658. Woodcuts and 18 coloured Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1891,
8vo. 11. 10s.
Vol. XXI. Catalogue of the Columbae, or Pigeons, in
the Collection of the British Museum. By T. Salvadori.
Pp. xvii., 676. 15 coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1893, 8vo. 11. 10s.
Vol. XXII. Catalogue of the Game Birds (Pterocletes,
Gallince, Opistlwcomi, Hemipodii) in the Collection of
the British Museum. By W. R. Ogilvie Grant.
Pp. xvi., 585. 8 coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1893, 8vo. II. 6s.
Vol. XXIII. Catalogue of the Fulicariaa (Rallidse and
Heliornithidae) and Alectorides (Aramidae, Eurypy-
gidae, Mesitidae, Rhinochetidae, Gruidae, Psophiidae,
and Otididae) in the Collection of the British Museum.
By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xiii., 353. 9 coloured
Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.]
1894, 8vo. 20s.
Vol. XXIV. Catalogue of the Limicolae in the Collection
of the British Museum. By R. Bowdler Sharpe.
Pp. xii., 794. Woodcuts and 7 coloured Plates. [With
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1896, 8vo.
11. 5s.
Vol. XXV. Catalogue of the Gaviae and Tubinares in
the Collection of the British Museum. Gaviae (Terns,
Gulls, and Skuas), by Howard Saunders. Tubinares
(Petrels and Albatrosses), by Osbert Salvin. Pp. xv.,
475. Woodcuts and 8 coloured Plates. [With Syste-
matic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1896, 8vo. 11. Is.
Vol. XXVI. Catalogue of the Plataleae, Herodiones,
Steganopodes, Pygopodes, Alcae, and Impennes in the
Collection of the British Museum. Plataleae (Ibises
and Spoonbills) and Herodiones (Herons and Storks),
by R. Bowdler Sharpe. Steganopodes (Cormorants,
Gannets, Frigate-birds, Tropic -birds, and Pelicans),
Pygopodes (Divers and Grebes), Alcae (Auks), and Im-
pennes (Penguins), by W. R. Ogilvie-Graiit. Pp. xvii.,
687. Woodcuts and 14 coloured Plates. [With Sys-
tematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1898, 8vo. 1L 5*.
6 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OP THE
Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum — continued.
Vol. XXVII. Catalogue of the Chenomorphse (Pala-
medese, Phoenicopteri, Anseres), Crypturi, and Ratitae
in the Collection of the British Museum. By T.
Salvador!. Pp. xv., 636. 19 coloured Plates. . [With
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1895, 8vo.
11. 12s.
A Hand-list of the Genera and Species of Birds. [Nomen-
clator Avium turn Fossilium turn Viventium.] By R.
Bowdler Sharpe, LL.D. :—
Vol. I. Pp. xxi., 303. [With Systematic Index.]
1899, 8vo. 10s.
Vol. II. Pp. xv., 312. [With Systematic Index, and
an Alphabetical Index to Vols. I. and II.] 1900,
8vo. 10s.
List of the Specimens of Birds in the Collection of the
British Museum. By George Robert Gray : —
Part III., Section I. Ramphastid* Pp. 16. [With
Index.] 1855, 12mo. 6d.
Part III., Section II. Psittacidse. Pp. 110. [With
Index.] 1859, 12mo. 2s.
Part III., Sections III. and IV. Capitoriid* and Picidae.
Pp. 137. [With Index.] 1868, 12mo. Is. 6d.
Part IV. Columbse. Pp. 73. [With Index.] 1856,
12mo. Is. 9d.
Part V. Gallinae. Pp. iv., 120. [With an Alphabetical
Index.] 1867, 12mo. Is. Qd.
Catalogue of the Birds of the Tropical Islands of the Pacific
Ocean in the Collection of the British Museum. By
George Robert Gray, F.L.S., &c. Pp. 72. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1859, 8vo. Is. Qd.
REPTILES.
Catalogue of the Tortoises, Crocodiles, and Amphisbaenians
in the Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. J. E.
Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. viii., 80. [With an Alphabetical
Index.] 1844, 12mo. 1*.
Catalogue of Shield Reptiles in the Collection of the British
Museum. By John Edward Gray, F.R.S., &c.:—
Appendix. Pp. 28. 1872, 4to. 2s. Gd.
j
Part II. Emydosaurians, Rhynchocephalia, and Amphis-
baenians. Pp. vi., 41. 25 Woodcuts. 1872, 4to.
3s. 6d.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 7
Hand-List of the Specimens of Shield Reptiles in the
British Museum. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., F.L.S., &c.
Pp. iv., 124. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1873,
8vo. 4s.
Catalogue of the Chelonians, Rhynchocephalians, and
Crocodiles in the British Museum (Natural History).
New Edition. By George Albert Boulenger. Pp. x., 311.
73 Woodcuts and 6 Plates. [With Systematic and
Alphabetical Indexes.] 1889, 8vo. 15s.
Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Natural His-
tory). Second Edition. By George Albert Boulenger : —
Vol. I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygo-
podidae, Agamidse. Pp. xii., 436. 32 Plates. [With
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 20s.
Vol. II. Iguanidae, Xenosauridae, Zonuridae, Anguidae,
Anniellidae, Helodermatidae, Varanidae, Xantusiidae,
Teiidae, Amphisbaenidae. Pp. xiii., 497. 24 Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885,
8vo. 20s.
Vol. III. Lacertidae, Gerrhosauridae, Scincidae, Anelytro-
pidae, Dibamidae, Chamaeleontidae. Pp. xii., 575. 40
Plates. [With a Systematic Index and an Alphabetical
Index to the three volumes.] 1887, 8vo. I/. &?.
Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural
History). By George Albert Boulenger, F.R.S. :—
Vol. I., containing the families Typhlopidae, Glauconiidae,
Boidse, Ilysiidae, Uropeltidae, Xenopeltidae, and Colu-
bridae aglyphae, part. Pp. xiii., 448 : 26 Woodcuts
and 28 Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical
Indexes.] 1 S93, 8 vo. 1 /. *1 x.
Vol. 11., containing the conclusion of the Colubridau
aglyphaj. Pp. xi., 382 : 25 Woodcuts and 20 Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1894.
8vo. 17s. 6d.
Vol. III., containing the Colubridae (Opisthoglyphse and
Proteroglyphae), Amblycephalidae, and Viperidae.
Pp. xiv., 727 : 37 Woodcuts and 25 Plates. [With
Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index to the 3
volumes.] 1896, 8vo. II. 6s.
Catalogue of Colubrine Snakes in the Collection of the
British Museum. By Dr. Albert Gunther. Pp. xvi., 281.
[With Geographic, Systematic, and Alphabetical Indexes.]
1858, 12mo. 4*.
8 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE
BATRACHIANS.
Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the Collection of; the
British Museum. By Dr. Albert Giinther. Pp. xvi./160.
12 Plates. [With Systematic, Geographic, and Alphabetical
Indexes.] 1858, 8vo. 6s.
FISHES.
Catalogue of the Fishes in the British Museum. Second
edition. Vol. I. Catalogue of the Perciform Fishes in the
British Museum. Vol. I. Containing the Centrarchidas,
Percidae, and Serranidae (part). By George Albert
Boulenger, F.R.S. Pp. xix., 394. Woodcuts and 15 Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1895, 8vo.
15s.
List of the Specimens of Fish in the Collection of the British
Museum. Part I. Chondropterygii. By J. E. Gray.
Pp. x., 160. 2 Plates. [With Systematic and Al phabetical
Indexes.] 1851, 12mo. 3s.
Catalogue of Fish collected and described by Laurence
Theodore Gronow, now in the British Museum. Pp. vii.,
196. [With a Systematic Index.] 1854, 12mo. 3s. Qd.
Catalogue of Apodal Fish in the Collection of the British
Museum. By Dr. Kaup. Pp. viii., 163. 11 Woodcuts and
19 Plates. 1856, 8vo. 10s.
Catalogue of Lophobranchiate Fish in the Collection of the
British Museum. By J. J. Kaup, Ph.D., &c. Pp. iv., 80.
4 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1856, 12mo. 2s.
MOLLUSCA,
Guide to the Systematic Distribution of Mollusca in the
British Museum. Part I. By John Edward Gray, Ph.D.,
F.R.S., &c. Pp. xii., 230. 121 Woodcuts. 1857, 8vo. 5s.
List of the Shells of the Canaries in the Collection of the
British Museum, collected by MM. Webb and Berthelot.
Described and figured by Prof. Alcide D'Orbigny in the
" Histoire Naturelle des lies Canaries." Pp. 32. 1854,
12mo. Is.
List of the Shells of Cuba in the Collection of the British
Museum collected by M. Ramon de la Sagra. Described
by Prof. Alcide d'Orbigny in the " Histoire de 1'Ille de
Cuba." Pp. 48. 1854, 12mo. Is.
List of the Shells of South America in the Collection of the
British Museum. Collected and described by M. Alcide
D'Orbigny in the "Voyage dans I'Amerique Meridionale."
Pp. 89. 1854, 12mo. 2s.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 9
Catalogue of the Collection of Mazatlan Shells in the British
Museum, collected by Frederick Reigen. Described by
Philip P. Carpenter. Pp. xvi., 552. 1857, 12mo. 8s.
List of Mollusca and Shells in the Collection ot the British
Museum, collected and described by MM. Eydoux and
Souleyet in the "Voyage autour du Monde, execute
"pendant les annees 1836 et 1837, sur la Corvette 'La
" Bonite,' " and in the " Histoire naturelle des Mollusques
" Pteropodes." Par MM. P. C. A. L. Rang et Souleyet.
Pp. iv., 27. 1855, 12mo. Sd.
Catalogue of the Phaneropneumona, or Terrestrial Operculated
Mollusca, in the Collection of the British Museum. By
Dr. L. Pfeiffer. Pp. 324. [With an Alphabetical Index.!
1852, 12mo. 5s.
Catalogue of Pulrnonata, or Air Breathing Mollusca, in the
Collection of the British Museum. Part I. By Dr. Louis
Pfeiffer. Pp. iv., 192. Woodcuts. 1855, 12mo. 2s. 6d
Catalogue of the Auriculidae, Proserpinidse, and Truncatellidae
in the Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. Louis
Pfeiffer. Pp. iv., 150. Woodcuts. 1857, 12mo. Is. 9d.
List of the Mollusca in the Collection of the British Museum.
By John Edward Gray, Ph.D., F.R.S., &c.
Part I. Volutida3. Pp. 23. 1855, 12mo. 6f/.
Part II. Olivid*. Pp. 41. 1865, 12mo. Is.
Catalogue of the Conchifera, or Bivalve Shells, in the
Collection of the British Museum. By M. Deshayes : —
Part I. Veneridae, Cyprinidae, Glauconomidae, and
PetricoladaB. Pp. iv., 216. 1853, 12mo. 3s.
Part IT. Petricoladse (concluded) ; Corbiculadae. Pp.
217-292. [With an Alphabetical Index to the two
parts.] 1854, 12mo. 6d.
BRACHIOPODA.
Catalogue of Brachiopoda Ancylopoda or Lamp Shells in the
Collection of the British Museum. [Issued as " Catalogue
of the Mollusca, Part IV."] Pp. iv., 128. 25 Woodcuts.
[With an Alphabetical Index.] 1853, 12mo. 3s.
POLYZOA.
Catalogue of Marine Polyzoa in the Collection of the British
Museum. Part III. Cyclostomata. By George Busk,
F.R.S. Pp. viii., 39. 38 Plates. [With a Systematic
Index.] 1875, 8vo. 5s.
10 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS O*1 THE
CRUSTACEA.
Catalogue of the Specimens of Amphipodous Crustacea in
the Collection of the British Museum. By C. Spence Bate,
F.R.S., &c. Pp. iv., 399. 58 Plates. [With an Alpha-
betical Index.] 1862, 8vo. 11. 5s.
ARACHNIDA.
Descriptive Catalogue of the Spiders of Burma, based upon
the Collection made by Eugene W. Gates and preserved in
the British Museum/ By T. Thorell. Pp. xxxvi., 406.
[With Systematic List and Alphabetical Index.] 1895,
8vo. lOs. 6d.
MYRIOPODA.
Catalogue of the Myriapoda in the Collection of the British
Museum. By George Newport, F.R.S., P.E.S., &c. Part I.
Chilopoda. Pp. iv., 96. [With an Alphabetical Index.]
1856, 12ino. Is. 3d.
INSECTS.
Coleopterous Insects.
Nomenclature of Coleopterous Insects in the Collection of
the British Museum : —
Part VI. Passalidse. By Frederick Smith. Pp. iv., 23.
1 Plate. [With Index.] 1852, 12mo. M.
Part VII. Longicornia, 1. By Adam White. Pp. iv.,
174. 4 Plates. 1853, 12mo. 2*. Qd.
Part VIII. Longicornia, II. By Adam White. Pp. 237.
6 Plates. 1855, 12mo. 3s. 6d.
Part IX. Cassididse. By Charles H. Boheinan, Professor
of Natural History, Stockholm. Pp. 225. [With
Index.] 1856, 12mo. :•',«.
Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Coleoptera in the
Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Lycidae. By
Charles Owen Waterhouse. Pp. x., 83. 18 Coloured
Plates. [With Systematic arid Alphabetical Indexes.]
1879, Svo. 16s.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 11
Catalogue of the Coleopterous Insects of Madeira in the
Collection of the British Museum. By T. Vernon
Wollaston, M.A., F.L.S. Pp. xvi., 234 : 1 Plate. [With
a Topographical Catalogue and an Alphabetical Index.]
1857, 8vo. 3s.
Catalogue of the Coleopterous Insects of the Canaries in the
Collection of the British Museum. By T. Vernon
Wollaston, M.A., F.L.S. Pp. xiii., 648. [With Topo-
graphical and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1864, 8vo. 10s. 6d.
Catalogue of Halticidae in the Collection of the British
Museum. By the Rev. Hamlet Clark, M.A., F.L.S.
Physapodes and OEdipodes. Part I. Pp. xii., 301.
Frontispiece and 9 Plates. 1860, 8vo. 7s.
Catalogue of Hispidse in the Collection of the British
Museum. By Joseph S. Baly, M.E.S., &c. Part I. Pp. x.,
172. 9 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1858,
8vo. 6s.
Hyinenopterous Insects.
Catalogue of Hymenopterous Insects in the Collection of the
British Museum. By Frederick Smith. 12mo. : —
Part I. Andrenidse and Apidae. Pp. 197. 6 Plates.
1853, 2s. 6d.
Part II. Apidse. Pp. 199-465. 6 Plates. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1854. 6s.
Part III. Mutillidse and Pompilidse. Pp. 206. 6 Plates.
1855. 6s.
Part IV. Sphegida?, Larridae, and Crabronidse. Pp. 207-
497. 6 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1856.
6s.
Part V. Vespidse. Pp. 147. 6 Plates. [With an Alpha-
betical Index.] 1857. 6s.
Part VI. Formicidse. Pp. 216. 14 Plates. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1858. t!«.
Part VII. Dorylidse and Thynnidfe. Pp. 76. 3 Plat©?.
[With an Alphabetical Index.] 1859. 2s.
List of Hymenoptera, with descriptions and figures of the
Typical Specimens in the British Museum. Vol. I.,
Tenthredinidae and Siricidse. By W. F. Kirby.
Pp. xxviii., 450. 16 Coloured Plates. [With Systematic
uiid Alphabetical Indexes.] 1882, Svu. \l. 18s.
12 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE
Dipterous Insects.
List of the Specimens of Dipterous Insects in the Collection
of the British Museum. By Francis Walker, F.L.S.
Part VII. Supplement III. Asilidse. Pp. ii., 507-775.
1855, 12mo.. 3s. 6d.
Lepidopterous Insects.
Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British
Museum. By Sir George F. Hampson, Bart. : —
Vol. I. Catalogue of the Syntomidse in the Collection
of the British Museum. Pp. xxi., 559 : 285 Woodcuts.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1898,
8vo. 15s.
Atlas of 17 Coloured Plates, 8vo. 15s.1
Vol. II. Catalogue of the Arctiada? (Nolinse, Litho-
sianae) in the Collection of the British Museum.
Pp. xx., 589. 411 Woodcuts. [With Systematic and
Alphabetical Indexes.] 1900, 8vo. 18s.
Atlas of 18 Coloured Plates (xviii.-xxxv.), 8vo. 15s.
Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera
in the Collection of the British Museum : —
Part V. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. xii., 74.
78-100 Coloured Plates. [With a Systematic Index.]
1881, 4to. 21. 10s.
Part VI. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. xv., 89.
101-120 Coloured Plates. [With a Systematic Index.]
' 1886, 4to. 21. 4s.
Part VII. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. iv., 124.
121-138 Coloured Plates. [With a Systematic List,]
1889, 4to. 21.
Part VIII. • The Lepidoptera Heterocera of the Nilgiri
District. By George Francis Hampson. Pp. iv., 144.
139-156 Coloured Plates. [With a Systematic List.]
1891, 4to. 21.
Part IX. The Macrolepidoptera Heterocera of Ceylon.
By George Francis Hampson. Pp. v., 182. 157-176
Coloured Plates. [With a General Systematic List of
Species collected in, or recorded from, Ceylon.] 1893,
4to. 21. 2s.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 13
Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera described by Fabricius in
the Collection of the British Museum. By Arthur Gardiner
Butler, F.L.S., &c. Pp. iv., 303. 3 Plates. 1869, 8vo. 7s. Qd.
Specimen of a Catalogue of Lycaenidae in the British Museum.
By W. C. Hewitson. Pp. 15. 8 Coloured Plates. 1862,
4to. II. Is.
List of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British
Museum. Part I. Papilionidae. By G. R. Gray, F.L.S.
Pp. 106. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1856, 12mo. 2s.
List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the
Collection of the British Museum. By Francis Walker.
12mo. :—
Part XIX. Pyralides. Pp. 799-1036. [With an Alpha-
betical Index to Parts XVI.-XIX.] 1859, 3s. 6rf.
Part XX. Geometrites. Pp. 1-276. 1860. 4s.
Part XXI. Pp. 277-498. 1860, 3s.
Part XXII. - Pp. 499-755. 1861, 3s. 6d.
Part XXIII. Pp. 756-1020. 1861, 3s. Gd.
Part XXIV. - Pp. 1021-1280. 1862, 3s. 6d.
Part XXV. Pp. 1281-1477. 1862,3s.
Part XXVI. Pp. 1478-1796. [With an
Alphabetical Index to Parts XX.-XXVL] 1862, 4s. &d.
Part XXVII. Crambifces and Tortricites. Pp. 1-286.
1863, 4s.
Part XXVIII. Tortricites and Tineites. Pp. 287-561.
1863, 4s.
Part XXIX. Tineites. Pp. 562-835. 1864, 4s.
Part XXX. Pp. 836-1096. [With an Alpha-
betical Index to Parts XXVII.-XXX.] 1864, 4s.
Part XXXI. Supplement. Pp. 1-321. 1864, 5s.
Part XXXII. Part 2. Pp. 322-706.
1865, 5s.
Part XXXIII. Part 3. Pp 707-1120.
1865, 6s.
Part XXXIV. Part 4. Pp. 1121-1533.
1865, 5s. 6d.
Part XXXV. Part 5. Pp. 1534-2040.
[With an Alphabetical Index to Parts XXXI-
XXXV.] 1866, 7s.
14 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OP THE
Neuropterous Insects.
Catalogue of the Specimens of Neuropterous Insects in the
Collection of the British Museum. By Francis Walker.
12mo. :—
Part I. Phryganides— Perlides. Pp. iv., 192. 1852,
2s. 6d.
Part II. Sialidae— Nemopterides. Pp. ii., 193-476.
1853, 3s. 6d.
Part III. Termitidse— Ephemeridse. Pp. ii., 477-585.
1853, Is. Qd.
Catalogue of the Specimens of Neuropterous Insects in the
Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. H. Hagen.
Part I. Termitina. Pp. 34. 1858, 12mo. Qd.
Orthopterous Insects.
Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the
British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. By John Obadiah
Westwood, F.L.S., &c. Pp. 195. 48 Plates. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1859, 4to. 3/.
Catalogue of the Specimens of Blattariae in the Collection of
the British Museum. By Francis Walker, F.L.S., &c.
Pp. 239. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1868, 8vo. 5s. 6d.
Catalogue of the Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria [Part I.]
and Supplement to the Blattariae in the Collection of the
British Museum. Gryllidae. Blattarite. Locustidae. By
Francis Walker, F.L.S., &c. Pp. 224. [With an Alpha-
betical Index.] 1869, 8vo. 5s.
Catalogue of the Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria in the
Collection of the British Museum. By Francis Walker,
F.L.S., &c.—
Part II. Locustidse (continued). Pp. 225-423. [With
an Alphabetical Index.] 1869, 8vo. 4s. 6d.
Part III. Locustidae (continued). — Acrididae. Pp. 425-
604. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1870, 8vo. 4s.
Part IV. Acrididse (continued). Pp. 605-809. [With
an Alphabetical Index.] 1870, 8vo. 6s.
Part V. Tettigidae. — Supplement to the Catalogue of
Blattariae. — Supplement to the Catalogue of Dermaptera
Saltatoria (with remarks on the Geographical Distri-
bution of Dermaptera). Pp. 811-850 ; 43 ; 116.
[With Alphabetical Indexes.] 1870, 8vo'. 6s.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 15
Hemipterous Insects.
Catalogue of the Specimens of Heteropterous Hemiptera in
the Collection of the British Museum. By Francis Walker,
F.L.S., &c. 8vo. :—
Part I. Scutata. Pp. 240. 1867. 5s.
Part II. Scutata (continued). Pp. 241-417. 1867. 4,<?.
Part III. Pp. 418-599. [With an Alphabetical Index to
Parts I., II., III., and a Summary of Geographical
Distribution of the Species mentioned.] 1 868. 4s. (•>/.
Part IV. Pp. 211. [With Alphabetical Index.] 1871. 6s.
Part V. Pp. 202. [With Alphabetical Index.] 1872. f«.
Part VI. Pp.210. [With Alphabetical Index.] 1873. 5*.
Part VII. Pp.213. [With Alphabetical Index.] 1873. 6s.
Part VIII. Pp. 220. [With Alphabetical Index. ] 1873.
[6s. 6d.
Homopterous Insects.
List of the Specimens of Homopterous Insects in the Collec-
tion of the British Museum. By Francis Walker. Supple-
ment, Pp. ii., 369. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1858,
12mo., 4s. 6d.
VERMES.
Catalogue of the Species of Entozoa, or Intestinal Worms,
contained in the Collection of the British Museum. By
Dr. Baird. Pp. iv., 132. 2 Plates. [With an Index of
the Animals in which the Entozoa mentioned in the
Catalogue are found, and an Index of Genera and
Species.] 1853, 12mo. 2s.
ANTHOZOA.
Catalogue of Sea-pens or Pennatulariidae in the Collection of
the British Museum. By J. E. Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. iv.,
40. 2 Woodcuts. 1870, 8vo. Is. 6rf.
Catalogue of Lithophytes or Stony Corals in the Collection
of the British Museum. By 'j. E. Gray, F.R.S., &c.
Pp. iv., 51. 14 Woodcuts. 1870, 8vo. 3s.
Catalogue of the Madreporariaii Corals in the British
Museum (Natural History) : —
Vol. I. The Genus Madrepora. By George Brook.
Pp. xi.. 212. 35 Collotype Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes, and Explanation of the
Plates.] 1893, 4to. I/. 4s.
16 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE
Vol. II. The Genus Turbinaria ; the Genus Astrseopora.
By Henry M. Bernard, M.A. Cantab., F.L.S., F.Z.S.
Pp. iv., 106. 30 Collotype and 3 Lithographic Plates.
[With Index of Generic and Specific Names, and
Explanation of the Plates.] 1896, 4to. 18s.
Vol. III. The Genus Montipora ; the Genus Anacro-
pora. By Henry M. Bernard, M.A. Pp. vii., 192. 30
Collotype and 4 Lithographic Plates. [With Syste-
matic Index, Index of Generic and Specific Names,
and Explanation of the Plates.] 1897. 4to. I/. 4s.
BRITISH ANIMALS.
Catalogue of British Birds in the Collection of the British
Museum. By George Robert Gray, F.L.S., F.Z.S., &c.
Pp. xii., 248. [With a List of Species.] 1863, 8vo. 3s. 6d.
Catalogue of British Hymenoptera in the Collection of the
British Museum. Second edition. Part. I. Andrenidae
and Apidse. By Frederick Smith, M.E.S. New Issue.
Pp. xi., 236. 11 Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Indexes.] 1891, 8vo. 6s.
Catalogue of British Fossorial Hymenoptera, Formicidse, and
Vespidse in the Collection of the British Museum. By
Frederick Smith, V.P.E.S. Pp. 236. 6 Plates. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1858, 12mo. 6s.
A Catalogue of the British Non-parasitical Worms in the
Collection of the British Museum. By George Johnston,
M.D., Edin., F.R.C.L., Ed., LL.D., Marischal Coll., Aber-
deen, &c. Pp. 365. Woodcuts and 24 Plates. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1865, 8vo. 7s.
Catalogue of the British Echinoderms in the British Museum
(Natural History). By F. Jeffrey Bell, M.A. Pp. xvii., 202.
Woodcuts and 16 Plates (2 Coloured). [With Table of
Contents, Tables of Distribution, Alphabetical Index,
Description of the Plates, &c.] 1892, 8vo. 12s. 6d.
List of the Specimens of British Animals in the Collection
of the British Museum ; with Synonyma and References
to figures. 12mo. : —
Part V. Lepidoptera. By J. F. Stephens. 2nd Edition.
Revised by H. T. Stainton and E. Shepherd. Pp. iv.,
224. 1856. Is. 9r/.
Part VI. Hymenoptera. By F. Smith. Pp.134. 1851. 2s.
Part VII. Mollusca, Acephala and Brachiopoda. By
Dr. J. E. Gray. Pp. iv., 167. 1851. 3s. 6d.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY).
17
Part VIII. Fish. By Adam White. Pp. xxiii., 164.
(With Index and List of Donors.) 1851. 3s. &d.
Part IX. Eggs of British Birds. By George Robert
Gray. Pp. 143. 1852. 2s. 6d.
Part XI. Anoplura, or Parasitic Insects. By H. Denny.
Pp. iv., 51. 1852. Is.
Part XII. Lepidoptera (continued). By James F.
Stephens. Pp. iv., 54. 1852. 9d
Part XIII. Nomenclature of Hymenoptera. By
Frederick Smith. Pp. iv., 74. 1853, Is. 4d.
Part XIV. Nomenclature of Neuroptera. By Adam
White. Pp. iv.,16. 1853,66?.
Part XV. Nomenclature of Diptera, I. By Adam
White. Pp. iv., 42. 1853. Is.
Part XVI. Lepidoptera (completed). By H. T. Stainton.
Pp. 199. [With an Index.] 1854. 3s.
Part XVII. Nomenclature of Anoplura, Euplexoptera,
and Orthoptera. By Adam White. Pp. iv., 17.
1855. 6d.
PLANTS.
Illustrations of the Botany of Captain Cook's Voyage Round
the World in H.M.S. " Endeavour " in 1768-71. By the
Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bart,, K.B., P.R.S., and
Dr. Daniel Solander, F.R.S. With Determinations by
James Britten, F.L.S., Senior Assistant, Department of
Botany, British Museum. Part I. — Australian Plants.
101 Copper-plates [after paintings by F. P. Nodder], with
31 pages of descriptive text. 1900, fol. 25s.
Catalogue of the African Plants collected by Dr. Friedrich
Welwitsch in 1853-61 :—
Vol. I. Dicotyledons. By William Philip Hiern, M.A.,
F.L.S., &c. :—
Part I. [Ranunculaceae to Rhizophoraceae.] Pp.
xxvi., 336. [With Portrait of Dr. Welwitsch,
Introduction, Bibliography, and Index of Genera.]
1896, 8vo. 7s. Qd.
Part II. Combretaceae to Rubiaceae. Pp. 337-510.
[With Index of Genera.] 1898, 8vo. 4s.
Part III. Dipsaceae to Scrophulariaceae. Pp. 511-
784. [With Index of Genera.] 1898, 8vo. 5s.
Part IV. Leiitibulariaceae to Ceratophyllese. Pp. 785-
1035. [With Index.] 1900, 8vo. 5s.
Vol. II., Part I. Monocotyledons and Gymnosperms.
By Alfred Barton Rendle, M.A., D.Sc. F.L.S., Assistant,
Department of Botany. Pp. 260. [With Index of
Genera.] 1899, 8yo. fia.
8338
B
18 LIST OP PUBLICATIONS OF THE
A Monograph of Lichens found in Britain : being a Descrip-
tive Catalogue of the Species in the Herbarium of the
British Museum. By the Rev. James M. Crombie, M.A.,
F.L.S., F.G.S., &c. Part I. Pp. viii., 519 : 74 Woodcuts.
[With Glossary, Synopsis, Tabular Conspectus, and Index.]
1894, 8vo. 16s.
A Monograph of the Mycetozoa : being a Descriptive Catalogue
of the Species in the Herbarium of the British Museum.
By Arthur Lister, F.L.S. Pp. 224. 78 Plates and 51
Woodcuts. [With Synopsis of Genera and List of Species,
and Index.] 1894, 8vo, 15s.
List of British Diatomacea? in the Collection of the British
Museum. By the Rev. W. Smith, F.L.S., &c. Pp. iv., 55.
1859, 12mo. Is.
FOSSILS.
Catalogue of the Fossil Mammalia in the British Museum
(Natural History). By Richard Lydekker, B.A., F.G.S. :—
Part I. Containing the Orders Primates, Chiroptera,
Insectivora, Carnivora, and Rodentia. Pp. xxx., 268.
33 Woodcuts. [With Systematic and Alphabetical
Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 5s.
Part II. Containing the Order Ungulata, Suborder
Artiodactyla. Pp. xxii., 324. 39 Woodcuts. [With
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 6s.
Part III. Containing the Order Ungulata, Suborders
Perissodactyla, Toxodontia, Condylarthra, and Ambly-
poda. Pp. xvi., 186. 30 Woodcuts. [With Systematic
Index, and Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species,
including Synonyms.] 1886, 8vo. 4s.
Part IV. Containing the Order Ungulata, Suborder
Proboscidea. Pp. xxiv., 235. 32 Woodcuts. [With
Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index of Genera
and Species, including Synonyms.] 1886, 8vo. 5s.
Part V. Containing the Group Tillodontia, the Orders
Sirenia, Cetacea, Edentata, Marsupialia, Monotremata,
and Supplement. Pp. xxxv., 345. 55 Woodcuts.
[With Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index of
Genera and Species, including Synonyms.] 1887,
Svo. 6s.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 19
Catalogue of the Fossil Birds in the British Museum (Natural
History). By Richard Lydekker, B.A. Pp. xxvii., 368.
75 Woodcuts. [With Systematic Index, and Alphabetical
Index of Genera and Species, including Synonyms.] 1891,
8vo. 10s. Gd.
Catalogue of the Fossil Keptilia and Amphibia in the British.
Museum (Natural History). By Richard Lydekker, B.A.,
F.G.S. :—
Part I. Containing the Orders Ornithosauria, Crocodilia,
Dinosauria, Squamata, Rhynchocephalia, and Pro-
terosauria. Pp. xxviii., 309. 69 Woodcuts. [With
Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index of Genera
and Species, including Synonyms.] 1888, 8vo. 7s. 6rf.
Part II. Containing the Orders Ichthyopterygia and
Sauropterygia. Pp. xxi., 307. 85 Woodcuts. [With
Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index of Genera
and Species, including Synonyms.] 1889, 8vo. 7s. $d.
Part III. Containing the Order Chelonia. Pp. xviii.,
239. 53 Woodcuts. [With Systematic Index, and
Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species, including
Synonyms.] 1889, 8vo. 7s. Gd.
Part IV. Containing the Orders Anomodoiitia, Ecaudata,
Caudata, and Labyrinthodontia ; and Supplement.
Pp. xxiii., 295. 66 Woodcuts. [With Systematic
Index, Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species,
including Synonyms, and Alphabetical Index of
Genera and Species to the entire work.] 1890, 8vo.
7s. Gd.
Catalogue of the Fossil Fishes in the British Museum (Natural
History). By Arthur Smith Woodward, F.G.S., F.Z.S. :—
Part I. Containing the Elasmobranchii. Pp. xlvii.,
474. 13 Woodcuts and 17 Plates. [With Alphabetical
Index, and Systematic Index of Genera and Species.]
1889, 8vo. 21s.
Part II. Containing the Elasmobranchii (Acanthodii),
Holocephali, Ichthyodorulites, Ostracodermi, Dipnoi,
and Teleostomi (Crossopterygii and Chondrostean
Actinopterygii). Pp. xliv., 567. 58 Woodcuts and
16 Plates. [With Alphabetical Index, and Systematic
Index of Genera and Species.] 1891, 8vo. 21s.
Part III. Containing the Actiriopterygian Teleostomi
of the Orders Chondrostei (concluded), Protospondyli,
Aetheospondi/li, and Isu^indi//i (in part). Pp. xlii.,
544. 45 Woodcuts and 18 Plates. [With Alphabetical
Index, and Systematic Index of Genera and Species.]
1895, 8vo. 21s.
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE
Systematic List of the Edwards Collection of British Oligocene
and Eocene Mollnsca in the British Museum (Natural
History), with references to the type-specimens from
similar horizons contained in other collections belonging
to the Geological Department of the Museum. By Richard
Bullen Newton, F.G.S. Pp. xxviii., 365. [With table of
Families and Genera, Bibliography, Correlation-table,
Appendix, and Alphabetical Index.] 189.1, 8vo. 6s.
Catalogue of Tertiary Mollusca in the Department of Geology,
British Museum (Natural History). Part I. The Austra-
lasian Tertiary Mollusca. By George F. Harris, F.G.S., &c.
Pp. xxvi., 407. 8 Plates. [With Table of Families, Genera,
and SubGenera, and Index.] 1897, 8vo. 10s.
Catalogue of the Fossil Cephalopoda in the British Museum
(Natural History) : —
Parti. Containing part of the Suborder Nautiloidea, con-
sisting of the families Orthoceratidae, Endoceratidae,
Actinoceratidae, Gomphoceratidae, Ascoceratidae,
Poterioceratidae, Cyrtoceratidae, and Supplement. By
Arthur H. Foord, F.G.S. Pp. xxxi., 344. 51 Woodcuts.
[With Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index of
Genera and Species, including Synonyms.] 1888,
8vo. 10s. 6d.
Part II. Containing the remainder of the Suborder
Nautiloidea, consisting of the families Lituitidae,
Trochoceratidae, Nautilidae, and Supplement. By
Arthur H. Foord, F.G.S. Pp. xxviii., 407. 86 Wood-
cuts. [With Systematic Index, and Alphabetical
Index of Genera and Species, including Synonyms.]
1891, 8vo. 15s.
Part III. Containing the Bactritidae, and part of the
Suborder Ammonoidea. By Arthur H. Foord, Ph.D.,
F.G.S., and George Charles Crick, A.R.S.M., F.G.S.
Pp. xxxiii., 303. 146 Woodcuts. [With Systematic
Index of Genera and Species, and Alphabetical Index.]
1897, 8vo. 12s. M.
List of theTypes and Figured Specimens of Fossil Cephalopoda
in the British Museum (Natural History). By G. C. Crick,
F.G.S. Pp. 103. [With Index.] 1898, 8vo. 2s. 6d.
A. Catalogue of British Fossil Crustacea, with their Synonyms
and the Range in Time of each Genus and Order. By
Henry Woodward, F.R.S. Pp. xii., 155. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1877, Svo. 5s.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 21
Catalogue of the Fossil Bryozoa in the Department of
Geology, British Museum (Natural History): —
The Jurassic Bryozoa. By J. W. Gregory, D.Sc., F.G.S.,
F.Z.S. Pp. [viii.,] 239 : 22 Woodcuts and 11 Plates.
[With List of Species and Distribution, Bibliography,
Index, and Explanation of Plates.] 1896, 8vo. 10s.
The Cretaceous Bryozoa. Vol. I. By J. W. Gregory,
D.Sc., F.G.S., F.Z.S. Pp. xiv., 457 : 64 Woodcuts
arid 17 Plates. [With Index and Explanation of
Plates.] 1899, 8vo. 16s.
Catalogue of the Blastoidea in the Geological Department of
the British Museum (Natural History), with an account of
the morphology and systematic position of the group, and
a revision of the genera and species. By Robert Etheridge,
jun., of the Department of Geologj', British Museum
(Natural History), and P. Herbert Carpenter, D.Sc., F.R.S.,
F.L.S. (of Eton College). Pp. xv., 322. 20 Plates. [With
Preface by Dr. H. Woodward, Table of Contents, General
Index, Explanations of the Plates, &c.] 1886, 4to. 25s.
The Genera and Species of Blastoidea, with a List of the
Specimens in the British Museum (Natural History). By
F. A. Bather, M.A., F.G.S., of the Geological Department.
Pp. x., 70. 1 Woodcut. 1899, 8vo. 3s.
Catalogue of the Palaeozoic Plants in the Department of
Geology and Palaeontology, British Museum (Natural
History). By Robert Kidston, F.G.S. Pp. viii., 288.
[With a list of works quoted, and an Index.] 1886,
8vo. 5s.
Catalogue of the Mesozoic Plants in the Department of
Geology, British Museum (Natural History). By
A. C. Seward, M.A., F.R.S., F.G.S., University Lecturer
in Botany and Fellow of Emanual College, Cambridge : —
Part I. The Wealden Flora. Part I. Thallophyta—
Pteridophyta. Pp. xxxviii., 179. 17 Woodcuts and
11 Plates. [With Preface by Dr. Woodward, Alpha-
betical Index, Explanations of the Plates, &c.] 1894,
8vo. 10s.
Part II. The Wealden Flora. Part II. Gymnospermae.
Pp. viii., 259. 9 Woodcuts and 20 Plates. [With
Alphabetical Index, Explanations of the Plates, &c.]
1895, 8vo. 15s.
Part III. The Jurassic Flora. Part I. The Yorkshire
Coast. Pp. xii., 341. 53 Woodcuts and 21 Plates.
[With Preface by Dr. Woodward, Alphabetical Index,
Explanations of the Plates, &c.] 1900, 8vo. 2U*.
22 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE
GUIDE-BOOKS.
( To be obtained only at the Museum?)
Guide to the Galleries of Mammalia in the Department of
Zoology of the British Museum (Natural History). 6th
Edition. Pp. 120. 57 Woodcuts and 4 Plans. 'Index.
1898, 8vo. 6d.
Guide to the Galleries of Reptiles and Fishes in the Depart-
ment of Zoology of the British Museum (Natural History).
4th Edition. Pp. iv.,119. 101 Woodcuts. Index. 1898. 8vo.6d.
A Guide to the Fossil Mammals and Birds in the Department
of Geology and Palaeontology in the British Museum
(Natural History). 7th Edition. [By Henry Woodward.]
Pp. xii., 103. 116 Woodcuts. [With List of Illustrations,
Table of Stratified Rocks, and Index.] 1896, 8vo. 6d.
A Guide to the Fossil Reptiles and Fishes in the Department
of Geology and Palaeontology in the British Museum
(Natural History). [By Henry Woodward.] Pp. xiv.,
129 : 165 Woodcuts. [With List of Illustrations, Table
of Stratified Rocks, and Index.] 1896, 8vo. 6d.
A Guide to the Fossil Invertebrates and Plants in the
Department of Geology and Palaeontology in the British
Museum (Natural History). [By Henry Woodward.]
Pp. xvi., 158. 182 Woodcuts. [With List of Illustrations,
Table of Stratified Rocks, Introduction, and Index.] 1897,
8vo. Is.
The same, in two parts : —
Part I. Mollusca to Bryozoa. Pp. xii., 64. 107 Wood-
cuts. [With List of Illustrations, Table of Stratified
Rocks, and Introduction.] 1897, 8vo. 6d.
Part II. Insecta to Plants, &c. Pp. ix., 64*-158.
Woodcuts 108-182. [With List of Illustrations and
Index to the two parts.] 1897, 8vo. 6d.
Guide to Sowerby's Models of British Fungi in the Depart-
ment of Botany, British Museum (Natural History). By
Worthington G. Smith, F.L.S. Pp. 82. 93 Woodcuts.
With Table of Diagnostic Characters, and Index.
[Second Edition.] 1898, 8vo. 4d.
Guide to the British Mycetozoa exhibited in the Department
of Botany, British Museum (Natural History). By Arthur
Lister, F.L.S. Pp. 42. 44 Woodcuts. Index. 1895,
8vo. 3d.
A Guide to the Mineral Gallery of the British Museum
(Natural History). [By L. Fletcher, M.A., F.R.S.] Pp. 32.
Plan. 1900, 8vo. Id.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY.) 21',
The Student's Index to the Collection of Minerals, British
Museum (Natural History). [By L. Fletcher, M.A., F.R.S.]
Pp. 34. With a Plan of the Mineral Gallery. 1899,
8vo. 2d.
An Introduction to the Study of Minerals, with a Guide to
the Mineral Gallery of the British Museum (Natural
History). By L. Fletcher, M.A., F.R.S. Pp. 123.
41 Woodcuts. With Plan of the Mineral Gallery and
Index. 1897, 8vo. Qd.
An Introduction to the Study of Rocks. By L. Fletcher, M.A.,
F.R.S. Pp. 118. [With plan of the Mineral Gallery, Table
of Contents, and Index.] 1898, 8vo. Qd.
An Introduction to the Study of Meteorites, with a List of
the Meteorites represented in the Collection. By L.
Fletcher, M.A., F.R.S., &c. Pp. 95. [With a Plan of the
Mineral Gallery, and an Index to the Meteorites repre-
sented in the Collection.] 1896, 8vo. Qd.
E. RAY LANKESTER,
Director.
British Museum
(Natural History),
Cromwell Road,
London, S.W.
March 5th, 1901.
LONDON:
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