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NATURE ©
CONSERVATION
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JNCC Report No. 292
Checklist of fish and invertebrates
listed in the CITES appendices |
and in EC Regulation 338/97
JNCC REPORT
JNCC Report No. 292
Checklist of fish and invertebrates
jisted in the CITES appendices
and in EC Regulation 338/97
4th edition
1999
compiled by the
World Conservation Monitoring Centre
219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL
PARTNERSHIP FOR ACTION AGAINST
wild] ife crime
© JNCC 1999
The Joint Nature Conservauon Committee is the body consututed by the Environmental Protecuion Act 1990 to
be responsible for research and advice on nature conservation at both UK and internauonal levels. It 1s a
committee of the Countryside Council for Wales. English Nature and Scotush Natural Hentage. together with
independent members and with representanves from the Counuyside Commussion and Northern Ireland. It 1s
supported by specialist staff
Published by: Joint Nature Conservation Committee
Copyright: 1999 Joint Nature Conservation Committee
ISBN: Ist edition published 1988 ISBN 0-86139-466-6
2nd edition published 1993 ISBN 1-873701-47-0
3rd edition published 1995 ISSN 0963-8091
4th edition published 1999 ISSN 0963-8091
Citation: World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1999). Checklist of fish and invertebrates listed in
the CITES Appendices and in EC Regulation 338/97. 4th Edition. JNCC Reports, No. 292
Further copies of this report are available from:
CITES Unit
Joint Nature Conservation Committee
Monkstone House
City Road
Peterborough PE] 1JY
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 1733 562626
Fax: +44 1733 555948
Prepared under contract from the Joint Nature Conservation Committee by the World Conservation
Monitoring Centre. The World Conservation Monitoring Centre, based in Cambridge, UK, is a joint venture
between three partners in the World Conservation Strategy and its successor Caring for the Earth: IUCN — The
World Conservation Union, UNEP — United Nations Environment Programme, and WWF - World Wide Fund
for Nature. The Centre provides information services on the conservation and sustainable use of species and
ecosystems and supports others in the development of their own information systems.
The designations of geographical entities in this report, and the presentation of the material. do not imply the
expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of INCC or WCMC concerning the legal status of any country,
terntory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Contents
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Explanatory notes
Introductory references
Taxonomic list - Fish
COELACANTHIFORMES
Latimeriidae
CERATODONTIFORMES
Ceratodontidae
ACIPENSERIFORMES
Acipenseridae
Polyodontidae
OSTEOGLOSSIFORMES
Osteoglossidae
CYPRINIFORMES
Cyprinidae
Catostomidae
SILURIFORMES
Pangasiidae
SYNGNATHIFORMES
Syngnathidae
PERCIFORMES
Sciaenidae
Taxonomic list - non-Coral Invertebrates
LEPIDOPTERA
Papilionidae
ARANEAE
Theraphosidae
SCORPIONES
Scorpionidae
ARHYNCHOBDELLAE
Hirudinidae
VENEROIDA
Tridacnidae
UNIONOIDA
Unionidae
i STYLOMMATOPHORA 22
il Achatinellidae 22
\ Camaenidae 24
MESOGASTROPODA 24
Strombidae 24
1 INDEX - FISH AND NON-CORAL
I INVERTEBRATES 25
1
l Taxonomic list - Corals
v i
1 HELIOPORACEA 9 /Co€woTH Gehl! A) 29
l Helioporidae 29
3
¥Y STOLONIFERA 29
3 Tubiporidae a 29
3
»/ ANTIPATHARIA (Black Corals) 30
3 Antipathidae 30
3
4 “ SCLERACTINIA 36
— Astrocoeniidae' 36
4 A Pocilloporidae 37
4 Acroporidae 4]
Poritidae y~ 354
4 Siderastreidae’ ~ 59
Bee Agariciidae 63
Ww Micrabaciidae vag 69
7 | Fungiacyathidae i 70
Gq &, Fungiidae 70
Rhizangiidae ~~ Ua
Oculinidae 79
Pectiniidae 4 83
Mussidae fang 85
9 Merulinidae 91
9 Faviidae W~ 93
Trachyphylliidae ~~ 109
13 Meandriniidae 109
13 AnthemiphylliidaeW, 111
Suh aa 1]
14 Flabellidae 131
14 Guyniidae we 135
Dendrophylliidae ~ 136
V7,
17 “ MILLEPORINA 145
Milleporidae m 145
19
19 i’ STYLASTERIN 147
Stylasteridae 147
20
20 REFERENCES - CORALS 157
INDEX AND SYNONYMY - CORALS 187
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Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2010 with funding from
UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge
http://www.archive.org/details/checklistoffishi99wcmc
Acknowledgements
This checklist was compiled by the World
Conservation Monitoring Centre under contract
F76-01-214 from the Joint Nature Conservation
Committee. The author was Tim Inskipp. The
document was produced by Julie Reay, with
assistance from Rachel Bishop and Gillian Warltier.
The volume builds on earlier editions, and we
gratefully acknowledge the numerous contributors
to those editions, particularly the authors: Patricia
C. Almada-Villela, N. Mark Collins. Simon J.
Moore, Helen Cormigan, Julie Hawkins, Helen
Smith and Elizabeth Wood.
The Natural History Museum (London) provided
access to information on taxonomy and distribution
from material held in their collections.
Martin Sneary is thanked for developing the
database from which this checklist has been
generated.
Vin Fleming and Alison Littlewood of the JNCC
CITES Unit are thanked for providing advice and
guidance throughout.
Introduction
In Apmil 1991, the Nature Conservancy Council for
England (English Nature), Countryside Council for
Wales and Scottish Natural Heritage. acting
together through the Joint Nature Conservation
Committee. were appointed by the Secretary of
State for the Environment as the United Kingdom's
Scientific Authority for Animals under the
Convention on International Trade in Endangered
Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). CITES
regulates international trade in wild animals and
plants and in products derived from them, to help to
ensure their conservation on a world-wide scale.
The purpose of this publication is to provide a list
of fish and invertebrates included in the Appendices
to CITES, the Annexes of the European
Community (EC) Regulation 338/97, and to list
their IUCN (World Conservation Union)
conservation status category (IUCN, 1996). Few
invertebrates and only a small proportion of fishes
have received a status assessment; consequently the
Red List contains only a small sample of the
species from these groups that may in fact be
threatened.
This document incorporates additions and
amendments to the CITES appendices up to and
including those made at the 10" Meeting of the
Conference of the Parties in Zimbabwe in June
1997 (effective from 18 September 1997).
Conservation status is provided using the 1996
IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. For
background material on the rationale of the IUCN
threat categories, readers are referred to IUCN
(1996), for background on the workings of CITES,
recommended works are Favre (1989) and
Wijnstekers (1992). For information by country on
the diversity and status of fish, invertebrates and
other taxonomic groups, and for a general review of
biodiversity, readers are referred to WCMC (1992)
and WCMC (1994).
In a publication of this nature, it is inevitable that
users will discover entries that need correcting or
updating. The publishers would be grateful if their
attention could be drawn to these entries, and the
World Conservation Monitoring Centre would be
grateful to receive details of such changes so that
they can be incorporated in the database from
which this publication is derived.
Explanatory notes
Each species is typically represented by a block of
text: including scientific name (with alternatives),
common names in the three official CITES
languages (where available), geographic range,
CITES Appendix, EC Regulation 338/97 Annex,
and Red List category. Where a species has
component populations or formal subspecies which
are treated differently by CITES, the species entry
is subdivided appropriately.
Scientific names
The taxonomic scope and sequence of orders
follows the system adopted in the Appendices to
CITES. For each taxon, the scientific name is given
first (as listed in the CITES Appendices), with the
most frequently used current synonyms in brackets.
No standard nomenclature has been adopted by
CITES for fish or invertebrates, with the exception
of the birdwing butterflies, for which D'Abrera
(1975) is followed.
Fish
Where the CITES nomenclature differs from that
used in Nelson (1984) and Parenti (1981), the
synonymy used by these works has been noted.
Non-coral invertebrates
The systematics of invertebrates has been the
subject of numerous studies, and the nomenclature
of the CITES listings may differ from the latest
scientific reviews. In particular, there have been
extensive revisions of the papilionid tribe Troidini
and the pearly mussels of the family Unionidae.
Miller (1987) revised the taxonomy of the Troidini,
uniting all birdwing butterflies in the single genus
Troides with two subgenera: Troides (including
Troides, Ripponia and Ornithoptera) and
Trogonoptera. Similarly, the Unionidae taxonomy
was partly revised by Johnson (1978), reducing
many of the Epioblasma species to synonymy and
reinstating the generic name Plagiola. Other
species in the same family were reviewed by
Johnson (1980). To help address the problems
caused by the complexity of the taxonomy of the
North American molluscs, Turgeon et al. (1988)
produced a standard list of common and scientific
names for all the fresh water molluscs of the United
States and Canada. Wherever possible, the names
used in this and the other taxonomic revisions
discussed above are cross-referenced in the index.
Black corals
The latest major taxonomic revision of the
Antipatharia was made by Opresko (1974). and
forms the basis of this list, updated with more
recent works. Although some workers have split the
Antipatharia into a number of families. Opresko
(1974) considered that there were only two
families. the Antipathidae and the
Dendrobrachiidae. Opresko and Bayer (1991)
subsequently reclassified the Dendrobrachiidae
placing this monotypic family in the Gorgonacea.
There are no known records of trade for this family
and it is not included in this checklist.
Hard corals
Lists for genera and species of hermatypic reef
corals occurring in the Indo-Pacific have been
compiled by reference to recent publications by
Veron (1985, 1986, 1990a,b,c, 1993) and Veron et
al. (1976, 1977, 1980, 1982, 1984, 1988, 1989).
These studies cover the central Indo-Pacific area
and details of additional species occurring outside
this area have been obtained, for example, from
publications by Cairns and Keller (1993) (South-
west Indian Ocean), Sheppard and Sheppard (1991)
(Red Sea and Arabian Gulf), and Wells (1972,
1982, 1983) (Central and Eastern Pacific). Lists for
genera and species of Western Atlantic reef corals
have been compiled by reference to a number of
key publications, for example by Cairns (1982a),
Laborel (1970) and Wells and Lang (1973). Both
reef and non-reef corals of the USA are listed in a
booklet produced by the American Fisheries
Society (1991). The family Fungiidae was revised
by Hoeksema (1989). The taxonomy of deep water
(ahermatypic) and temperate water scleractinian
and stylasterid corals has been investigated in
recent years principally by Cairns (1979, 1982b,
1983a.b,c, 1984, 1985, 1986a,b, 1987a,b, 1988,
1989, 1990, 1991la-e, 1994, 1995, 1997), Cairns and
Keller (1993), Cairns and Zibrowius (1997),
Zibrowius (1973, 1974a,b, 1980) and Zibrowius
et al. (1977, 1990, 1992) and these references have
been used extensively in the preparation of the
checklist.
Distribution records have been provided as far as
possible by country and references are given to
relevant publications. Countries cited in generic
distributions without reference numbers fall within
the distribution range shown in general reviews e.g.
Veron (1986) and Wood (1983). However, this
assumption will not invariably be true and, in a few
instances, the genus may not occur. For example,
Brunei falls within the range for many genera and
so is listed. but reefs in this country are poorly
developed. so the lisungs may be incorrect.
Conversely. some countnes (e.g. Pakistan) are not
listed. but may have coral communities. Exclusively
deep water and deep/shallow water generic
distributons (e.g. caryophylliids. dendrophylliids
and stylasterids) are listed by general geographic
area and the lists of countries are often substantially
incomplete. Many occur off the edge of continental
shelves. The distributions given for individual
species are, in many cases, incomplete and the
absence of a particular country should not be used
as evidence that the species does not occur in that
country.
Common names
The most widely used English common names (and
where available Spanish and French names) appear
on the line immediately following the scientific
name and synonyms, below which the geographical
range is indicated. The common names used have
been taken from a number of standard reference
works for fish and invertebrates of particular
regions. Secondary common names have been
included wherever this was considered useful,
including non-English names commonly used by
English speakers.
Other information
The three columns headed — ‘CITES’, ‘EC Reg.’
and ‘RL’, list the following information for each
taxon.
CITES
I or II in this column refers to the appendix on
which the taxon is listed under the CITES.
EC Reg.
The letters (A-D) in this column refer to the Annex
of EC Regulation 338/97 in which the taxon is
listed
RL
The status of the listed species is taken from the
1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. The
Red List is a summary of information on all animal
taxa known to be at risk. Additional information
can be found in the JUCN Red Data Book Vol. 4:
Pisces (Miller, 1977), the JUCN Invertebrate Red
Data Book (Wells et al., 1983), Threatened
Swallowtail Butterflies of the World (Collins and
Moris, 1985), together with unpublished data
sheets for North American fish taxa dated 1983,
1984 and 1985 held at the World Conservation
Monitoring Centre.
iil
Red List (RL) threat categories follow those given
in the 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals.
which also provides explanation of the categories:
EX Extinct
EW Extinct in the Wild
CR Cnitically Endangered
EN Endangered
VU Vulnerable
LR Lower Risk
LR/cd _ Lower Risk/Conservation dependent
LR/nt Lower Risk/Near threatened
LR/Ic Lower Risk/Least concem
DD Data Deficient
NE Not Evaluated.
Geographical Range
The geographical range of each taxon is given in
terms of political units arranged alphabetically.
Small island dependencies, are also listed
alphabetically. Place-names and names of countries
follow the Times Atlas (1990) and United Nations
(1993).
It should be noted that, when a country is listed as
being a range state of a species, the species may not
occur throughout the country, and may even occur
in only one or a few localities within the country.
Published records of distribution have been used.
Many taxonomic works give the range of a taxon in
terms of broad geographical areas, rather than of
political units. Individual countries may have a
relatively well-known and well-reported fish or
invertebrate fauna, but others do not, and inevitably
it has not been possible to access all reference
works. These factors may occasionally have
resulted in some of the geographical ranges given
here being incomplete or inaccurate, although every
effort has been made to prevent this.
Distribution notes
A question mark *?’ in parentheses following a
country indicates some uncertainty over the
occurrence of the species in that country.
A country where the species is known to be extinct
is denoted by ‘(ex)’; a country where there is still a
possibility that the species survives (for instance
because recent searches have been unsuccessful) is
denoted as ‘(ex?)’.
Range states where the species has been introduced
are denoted by ‘[ int]’. Range states where the
species has been re-introduced are denoted by '[re-
int]'.
Names of countries and dependent territories
This checklist has been made as compact as possible by listing some names of countries and dependent territories
in the shorter forms given by United Nations (1993).
Countries for which shorter forms of names are used and their shortened form:
Brunei Darussalam
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Falkland Islands and Dependencies
Islamic Republic of Iran
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
Northern Mariana Islands
Republic of Korea
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Syrian Arab Republic
United Republic of Tanzania
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Norther Ireland
United States of America
Brunei
North Korea
Falkiand Islands
Iran
Laos
Libya
Northem Marianas
South Korea
Saint Vincent
Syria
Tanzania
United Kingdom
USA
In the text, parent countries of island groups or dependent territories are omitted. These are listed below:
American Samoa, USA
Anguilla, United Kingdom
Aruba, Netherlands
Azores, Portugal
Bermuda, United Kingdom
Bouvet Island, Norway
British Antarctic Territory, United Kingdom
British Indian Ocean Territory, United Kingdom
British Virgin Islands, United Kingdom
Canary Islands, Spain
Canton and Enderbury Islands, Kiribati
Cayman Islands, United Kingdom
Channel Islands, United Kingdom
Christmas Island, Australia
Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Australia
Cook Islands, New Zealand
Falkland Islands, United Kingdom
Faeroe Islands, Denmark
Federated States of Micronesia, USA
French Guiana, France
French Polynesia, France
French Southern and Antarctic Territories, France
Gibraltar, United Kingdom
Greenland, Denmark
Guadeloupe, France
Guam, USA
Guernsey, United Kingdom
Hawaiian Islands, USA
Heard and Macdonald Islands, Australia
Isle of Man, United Kingdom
Jersey, United Kingdom
Johnston Atoll, USA
Macao, Portugal
Macquarie Island, Australia
Madeira, Portugal
Marshall Islands, USA
Martinique, France
Mayotte, France
Montserrat, United Kingdom
Netherlands Antilles, Netherlands
New Caledonia, France
Niue, New Zealand
Norfolk Island, Australia
Northern Marianas, USA
Palau, USA
Panama Canal Zone, USA
Pitcaimm Islands, United Kingdom
Puerto Rico, USA
Queen Maud Land, Norway
Réunion, France
Saint Helena, United Kingdom
Saint Pierre and Miquelon, France
Saint Vincent, United Kingdom
South Orkney Islands, United Kingdom
South Sandwich Islands, United Kingdom
South Georgia, United Kingdom
South Shetland Islands, United Kingdom
Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands, Norway
Tokelau, New Zealand
Tristan da Cunha Islands, United Kingdom
Turks and Caicos Islands, United Kingdom
Virgin Islands of the United States, USA
Wallis and Futuna, France
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Australia. Part I. Families Thamnasteriidae. Astrocoeniidae.
Pocilloporidae. Aust. Inst. Mar. Sci. Monogr. Series 1., 86pp.
Veron. J. E. N. and Pichon. M. 1980. Scleractinia of Eastern
Australia. Part III. Families Agariciidae, Siderastreidae.
Fungiidae. Oculinidae. Merulinidae. Mussidae. Pectiniidae.
Caryophylliidae, Dendrophylliidae. Aust. Inst. Mar. Sci.
Monogr. 4: 443pp.
Veron, J. E. N. and Pichon. M. 1982. Scleractinia of Easter
Australia. Part IV. Family Poritidae. Aust. Inst. Mar. Sci
Monogr. 5: 159pp.
vi
Veron. J. E. N.. Pichon. M. and Wijsman-Best. M. 1977
Scleractinia of Easter Australia. Part I]. Families Faviidae.
Trachyphylliidae. dust. Inst. Mar. Sct. Monogr. 3: 1-233
Veron. J. E. N. and Wallace. C. 1984. Scleractinia of Eastem
Australia. Part V. Family Acroporidae. dust. Inst. Mar. Sci
Monogr. 6: 485 pp
WCMC (Comp.). Groombridge. B. (Ed). 1994. Biodiversin’ Data
Sourcebook. World Conservation Press. Cambridge. UK.
155pp
WCMC. 1992. Global Biodiversin:. Status of the Earth's living
Resources. Chapman & Hall. London. Uk.
Wells. J. W. 1972. Notes on Indo-Pacific scleractinian corals.
VIII. Scleractinian corals from Easter Island. Pac. Sci. 26 (2)
183-190.
Wells. J. W. 1982. Notes on Indo-Pacific corals. Part 9. New
corals from the Galapagos Islands. Pac. Sci. 36: 211-219
Wells. J. W. 1983. Annotated list of the scleractinian corals of the
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211-295. University of California Press. Berkeley.
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Invertebrate Red Data Book. \UCN. Cambridge and Gland
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Enallopsammia Michelotti. 1871. et description de E.
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Océan Indien et Atlantique Central (Madreporaria.
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Zibrowius. H. 1974a. Scleractiniaires des iles Saint Paul et
Amsterdam (sud de l'océan Indien). Tethys 5 (4): 747-777.
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océanogr. Monaco 71, N°. 1429: 48 pp.
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l'Adriatique. Tethys 4: 375-384.
LATIMERIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Phylum CHORDATA
Class SARCOPTERYGII
Order COELACANTHIFORMES
Family LATIMERIIDAE
Latimeria chalumnae Smith 1939 I A EN
E: Coelacanth, Gombessa; S: Celecanto; F: Coelacanthe
Comoros, South Africa (ex)
Order CERATODONTIFORMES
Family CERATODONTIDAE
Neoceratodus forstert (Krefft 1870) II B -
E: Australian Lungfish, Ceratodus, Queensland Lungfish; S: Pez pulmonado australiano; F: Cératode,
Dipneuste
Australia (Queensland)
Class ACTINOPTERYGII
Order ACIPENSERIFORMES
Family ACIPENSERIDAE
Acipenser baerii Brandt 1869 Il B VU
E: Siberian Sturgeon; F: Esturgeon sibérien
China, Kazakhstan (?), Russia
Acipenser brevirostrum LeSueur 1818 I A VU
E: Shortnose Sturgeon; S: Esturion hociquicorto; F: Esturgeon 4 nez court
Canada, USA
Acipenser dabryanus Dumeéril 1868 Il B CR
E: Dabry's Sturgeon, Yangtze Sturgeon
China
Acipenser fulvescens Rafinesque 1817 II B VU
E: Lake Sturgeon; S: Esturion lacustre; F: Esturgeon jaune
Canada, USA
Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1833 I] B EN
E: Russian Sturgeon
Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Romania, Russia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine
ACIPENSERIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Acipenser medirostris Ayres 1854 II B VU
E: Green Sturgeon; F: Esturgeon vert
Canada, Mexico. USA
Acipenser mikadoi Hilgendorf 1892 Il B EN
E: Sakhalin Sturgeon
China (?), Japan, Russia
Acipenser naccarti Bonaparte 1836 I] B VU
E: Adriatic Sturgeon, S: Esturion del Adriatico; F: Esturgeon de I'Adriatique
Albania, Croatia, Greece. Italy, Slovenia, Yugoslavia (ex)
Acipenser nudiventris Lovetsky 1828 II B EN
E: Bastard Sturgeon, Fringebarbel Sturgeon, Ship Sturgeon, Spiny Sturgeon, Thorn Sturgeon; S:
Esturion barba de flecos; F: Esturgeon a barbillons frangés
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia (?), Hungary (ex), Iran, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Romania, Russia,
Slovakia (ex), Turkey, Turkmenistan (?), Ukraine, Uzbekistan (ex)
Acipenser oxyrhynchus Mitchell 1814 I] B -
E: Atlantic Sturgeon; S: Esturion del Atlantico; F: Esturgeon de I'Atlantique
Bermuda, Canada, USA
Acipenser persicus Borodin 1897 II B EN
E: Persian Sturgeon
Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkey
Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus 1758 Il B VU
E: Sterlet
Austria, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Kazakhstan (ex?),
Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, Yugoslavia
Acipenser schrencki Brandt 1869 Il B EN
E: Amur Sturgeon
China, Japan (?), Russia
Acipenser sinensis Gray 1834 Il B EN
E: Chinese Sturgeon
China
Acipenser stellatus Pallas 1771 II - EN
E: Star Sturgeon, Stellate Sturgeon; S: Esturion estrellado; F: Esturgeon étoilé
Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Georgia, Greece (?), Hungary, Iran, Italy (?), Kazakhstan, Moldova,
Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Yugoslavia
Acipenser sturio Linnaeus 1758 I A CR
E: Baltic Sturgeon, Common Sturgeon; S: Esturién comun; F: Esturgeon commun
Albania, Algeria (ex?), Belgium (ex?), Bulgaria (ex?), Croatia (ex?), Czechoslovakia (ex), Denmark (ex),
Estonia (ex?), Finland (ex?), France, Georgia, Germany (ex?), Greece (ex?), Hungary (ex?), Iceland (ex?),
Ireland (ex?), Italy (ex?), Latvia (ex?), Lithuania (ex?), Morocco (ex?), Netherlands (ex?), Norway (ex?), Poland
(ex?), Portugal (ex?), Romania (ex?), Russia (ex?), Spain (ex?), Sweden (ex?), Switzerland (?) (ex?), Turkey,
Ukraine (ex?), United Kingdom, Yugoslavia (ex?)
Acipenser transmontanus Richardson 1836 Il B LR/nt
E: White Sturgeon; F: Esturgeon blanc
Canada, USA
Huso dauricus (Georgi 1775) Il B EN
E: Kaluga
China, Japan (?), Russia
No
ACIPENSERIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Huso huso Linnaeus 1758 iat B EN
Syn. Acipenser huso
E: Beluga, European Sturgeon, Giant Sturgeon, Great Sturgeon; S: Beluga; F: Beluga
Azerbaijan. Bulgaria. Croatia. Czech Republic (?) (ex). Georgia. Hungary. Iran. Italy (ex), Kazakhstan. Moldova.
Romania, Russia. Slovenia (ex?), Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine. Yugoslavia
Pseudoscaphirhynchus fedtschenkoi (Kessler 1872) I] B CR
E: Syr-Dar Shovelnose Sturgeon
Kazakhstan, Tajikistan. Uzbekistan
Pseudoscaphirhynchus hermanni (Kessler 1877) I] B CR
E: Small Amu-Dar Shovelnose Sturgeon
Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
Pseudoscaphirhynchus kaujmanni (Bogdanov 1874) II B EN
E: False Shovelnose Sturgeon, Large Amu-Dar Shovelnose Sturgeon
Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
Scaphirhynchus albus (Forbes and Richardson 1905) Il B EN
E: Pallid Sturgeon
USA
Scaphirhynchus platorynchus (Rafinesque 1820) I] B VU
E: Sand Sturgeon, Shovelnose Sturgeon
USA
Scaphirhynchus suttkusi Williams and Clemmer 1991 ll B CR
E: Alabama Sturgeon
USA
Family POLYODONTIDAE
Polyodon spathula (Walbaum in Artedi 1792) I] B VU
E: Duckbill Cat, Paddlefish, Spadefish, Spoonbill Cat; F: Poisson spatule
Canada (ex), USA
Psephurus gladius (Martens 1862) I] B CR
E: Chinese Paddlefish
China
Order OSTEOGLOSSIFORMES
Family OSTEOGLOSSIDAE
Arapaima gigas (Cuvier 1817) II B DD
E: Arapaima, Pirarucu; S: Arapaima, Paiche; F: Arapaima, Paiche, Pirarucu
Brazil, Guyana, Peru
Scleropages formosus (Miiller & Schlegel 1844) I A EN
E: Asian Arowana, Asian Bonytongue, Golden Arowana, Golden Dragon Fish, Kelesa; S: Pez lengiiihueso
malayo; F: Scléropage d'Asie, Scléropage formosus
Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar (?), Philippines, Singapore, Thailand (ex?), Viet Nam
Order CYPRINIFORMES
Family CYPRINIDAE
Caecobarbus geertsi Boulenger 1921 Il B VU
E: African Blind Barb Fish, Congo Blind Barb; F: Barbu aveugle, Poisson cavernicole d'Afrique
Democratic Republic of the Congo
CYPRINIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Probarbus jullieni Sauvage 1880 I A EN
E: Jullien's Golden Carp, Seven-striped Barb; S: Carpilla ikan temoleh; F: Barbeau de Jullien
Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia. Thailand. Viet Nam
Family CATOSTOMIDAE
Chasmistes cujus Cope 1883 I A CR
E: Cui-ui
USA
Order SILURIFORMES
Family PANGASIIDAE
Pangasianodon gigas Chevey 1930 I A EN
E: Giant Catfish; S: Siluro gigante; F: Silure de verre géant
Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Viet Nam
Order SYNGNATHIFORMES
Family SYNGNATHIDAE
The genus Hippocampus comprises marine species, the taxonomy and distribution of which are poorly known.
The general marine distribution is given in parentheses followed by a list of countries which may, however, be
substantially incomplete.
Hippocampus abdominalis Lesson 1827 D VU
Includes H. agnesae Fowler 1908, H. bleekeri Fowler 1908, H graciliformis McCulloch 1911
E: Big-bellied Seahorse
(Indo-Pacific)
Australia, New Zealand
Hippocampus aimei Roule 1916 - D VU
(Indo-Pacific)
Laos, Thailand
Hippocampus angustus Giinther 1870 - D VU
Includes H. elongatus Castelnau 1873, H. subelongatus Castelnau 1873
E: Western Australian Seahorse
Australia
Hippocampus bargibanti Whitley 1970 - D DD
Australia, New Caledonia
Hippocampus bicuspis Kaup 1856 - D -
(Atlantic)
Senegal
Hippocampus borboniensis Duméril 1870 - D VU
(Indo-Pacific)
Réunion
Hippocampus brachyrhynchus Duncker 1914 - D VU
Includes H. tuberculatus Castelnau 1875
(Indo-Pacific)
India
Hippocampus breviceps Peters 1869 - D DD
E: Short-headed Seahorse
Australia
SYNGNATHIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Hippocampus camelopardalis Bianconi 1854 - D VU
Includes H. subcoronatus Giinther in Playfair & Giinther 1867
E: Giraffe Seahorse
(Indo-Pacific)
Mozambique
Hippocampus capensis Boulenger 1900 - D VU
E: Knysna Seahorse
South Africa
Hippocampus comes Cantor 1849 - D -
(Indo-Pacific)
Malaysia
Hippocampus coronatus Temminck & Schlegel 1847 - D VU
Includes H. fasciatus Kaup 1853, H. mohnikei Bleeker 1854
E: Crowned Seahorse
(Indo-Pacific)
Japan
Hippocampus erectus Perry 1810 - D VU
Includes H. brunneus Bean 1906, H. fascicularis Kaup 1856, H. hudsonius DeKay 1842, H. kincaidi Townsend
& Barbour 1906, H. laevicaudatus Kaup 1856, H. marginalis Kaup 1856, H. punctulatus Guichenot 1853, H.
stylifer Jordan & Gilbert 1882, H. villosus Giinther 1880
E: Lined Seahorse
(W Atlantic, Caribbean)
Bermuda, Brazil, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, USA, Uruguay (?)
Hippocampus erinaceus Giinther 1870 - D VU
(Indo-Pacific)
Hippocampus fuscus Riippell 1838 - D VU
Includes H. obscurus Ehrenberg in Klunzinger 1871
E: Sea Pony
(Indo-Pacific)
India, Saudi Arabia, South Africa
Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus 1758) - D VU
Includes H. antiquorum Leach 1814, H. antiquus Risso 1827 sphalm., H. brevirostris Cuvier 1829, H. europaeus
Ginsburg 1933, H. heptagonus Rafinesque 1810, H. pentagonus Ginsburg 1937 sphalm., H. vulgaris Cloquet
1821
E: Short-snouted Seahorse
(Bay of Biscay, Mediterranean to N. Africa)
France, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain
Hippocampus histrix Kaup 1853 - D VU
E: Spiny Seahorse, Thorny Seahorse
(Indo-Pacific)
Australia, China, Indonesia, Japan
Hippocampus horai Duncker 1926 - D VU
(Indo-Pacific)
India
Hippocampus ingens Girard 1858 D VU
Includes H. ecuadorensis Fowler 1922, H. gracilis Gill 1862, H. hildebrandi Ginsburg 1933, H. ringens Jordan
& Evermann 1905
E: Pacific Seahorse, Giant Seahorse
(E. Pacific)
Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, USA
SYNGNATHIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Hippocampus japonicus Kaup 1853 - D VU
E: Japanese Seahorse
(Indo-Pacific)
Japan
Hippocampus jayakari Boulenger 1900 - D VU
(Indo-Pacific)
Oman
Hippocampus kaupii Duméril 1870 - D -
Includes H. punctulatus Kaup 1856
(Indo-Pacific)
Hippocampus kelloggi Jordan & Snyder 1901 - D -
(Indo-Pacific)
China. Japan
Hippocampus kuda_ Bleeker 1852 D VU
Includes H. aterrimus Jordan & Snyder 1901, H. barbouri jordan & Richardson 1908, H. fisheri Jordan &
Evermann 1903, H. hilonis Jordan & Evermann 1903, H. melanospilos Bleeker 1854, H. moluccensis Bleeker
1852, H. natalensis von Bonde 1923, H. polytaenia Bleeker 1854, H. rhynchomacer Dumeril 1870, H.
taeniopterus Bleeker 1852, H. valentini Bleeker 1859
E: Spotted Seahorse, Yellow Seahorse
(Indo-Pacific)
Australia, China, Indonesia, Japan, Philippines, Singapore, South Africa, USA, Viet Nam
Hippocampus lichtensteinii Kaup 1856 - D -
Includes H. swezensis Duncker 1940
(Indo-Pacific)
Egypt
Hippocampus minotaur Gomon 1997 - D DD
E: Bullneck Seahorse
Australia
Hippocampus planifrons Peters 1877 - D VU
Includes H. dahli Ogilby 1908
E: Low-crowned Seahorse
(Indo-Pacific)
Australia
Hippocampus ramulosus Leach in Shaw & Nodder 1814 - D VU
Includes H. atrichus De la Pylaie 1835, H. guttulatus Cuvier 1829, H. guttulatus multiannularis Ginsburg 1937,
H. jubatus De la Pylaie 1835, H. longirostris Schinz 1822, H. microcoronatus Slastenenko 1938, H.
microstephanus Slastenenko 1937, H. rosaceus Risso 1827
E: Long-snouted Seahorse
(Bay of Biscay, Mediterranean to N. Africa, Black Sea and Sea of Azov)
France, Portugal, Spain, Russia, Ukraine
Hippocampus reidi Ginsburg 1933 - D VU
Includes H. obtusus Ginsburg 1933, H. poeyi Howell Rivero 1934
E: Slender Seahorse
(W Atlantic, Caribbean)
Cuba, Grenada, USA, Uruguay
Hippocampus sindonis Jordan & Snyder 1901 - D VU
(Indo-Pacific)
Japan
SYNGNATHIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Hippocampus spinosissimus Weber 1913 - D VU
E: Hedgehog Seahorse
(Indo-Pacific)
Australia (?). Indonesia
Hippocampus taeniops Fowler 1904 2 D VU
(Indo-Pacific)
Indonesia
Hippocampus takakurae Tanaka 1916 - D VU
(Indo-Pacific)
Japan
Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach 1814 - D VU
includes H. chinensis Basilewsky 1855, H. kampylotrachelos Bleeker 1854, H. manadensis Bleeker 1856. H.
mannulus Cantor 1849. H. sexmaculatus Kaup 1856
E: Three-spotted Seahorse
(Indo-Pacific)
China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, South Africa
Hippocampus tristis Castelnau 1872 - D -
Hippocampus whitei Bleeker 1855 - D VU
Includes H. novaehollandiae Steindachner 1866, H. tristis Castelnau 1872
E: White's Seahorse
Australia
Hippocampus zebra Whitley 1964 - D -
Australia
Hippocampus zosterae Jordan & Gilbert 1882 - D VU
Includes H. regulus Ginsburg 1933, H. rosamondae Borodin 1928
E: Dwarf Seahorse
(W. Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico and E. Florida)
Cuba, USA
Order PERCIFORMES
Family SCIAENIDAE
Cynoscion macdonaldi Gilbert 1890 I A -
E: MacDonald's Weakfish, Totoaba; S: Totoba; F: Acoupa de MacDonald
Mexico
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(dedi ARSE Nes Leis & Recartrs * poate Hie sites isi aig isl zap ‘i
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PAPILIONIDAE
Phylum ARTHROPODA
Class INSECTA
Order LEPIDOPTERA
Family PAPILIONIDAE
Atrophaneura palu (Martin 1912)
E: Palu Swallowtail
Indonesia
Baronia brevicornis Salvin 1893
E: Short-horned Baronia
Mexico
Bhutanitis lidderdalii Atkinson 1873
E: Bhutan Glory
Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Thailand
Bhutanitis ludlowi Gabriel 1942
E: Ludlow's Bhutan Swallowtail
Bhutan
Bhutanitis mansfieldi (Riley 1939)
E: Mansfield's Three-tailed Swallowtail
China
Bhutanitis thaidina (Blanchard 1871)
E: Chinese Three-tailed Swallowtail
China
Graphium sandawanum Yamamoto 1977
E: Apo Swallowtail
Philippines
Graphium stresemanni Rothschild 1916
Indonesia
Ornithoptera aesacus Ney 1903
Indonesia
Ornithoptera akakeae Kobayashi and Koiwaya 1978
Indonesia
Ornithoptera alexandrae (Rothschild 1907)
CITES
Il
I
ECReg. = RL
B DD
B LR/nt
B =
B VU
B DD
B LR/Ic
B EN
B VU
B VU
B is
A EN
E: Queen Alexandra's Birdwing; F: Ornithoptére de la reine Alexandra
Papua New Guinea
Ornithoptera allottei (Rothschild 1914)
II
E: Abbé Allotte's Birdwing; F: Ornithoptére de I'abbé Allotte
Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands
PAPILIONIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Ornithoptera caelestis (Rothschild 1898) Il B -
Papua New Guinea
Ornithoptera chimaera (Rothschild 1904) Il B LR/nt
E: Chimaera Birdwing; F: La chimére, Ornithoptére chimére
Indonesia, Papua New Guinea
Ornithoptera croesus Wallace 1859 Il B EN
Subspecies: croesus, lydius
Indonesia
Ornithoptera goliath Oberthir 1888 II B -
E: Goliath Birdwing; F: Ornithoptere goliath
Indonesia. Papua New Guinea
Ornithoptera meridionalis (Rothschild 1897) Il B EN
F: Ornithoptére méridional
Indonesia, Papua New Guinea
Ornithoptera paradisea Staudinger 1893 II B LR/Ic
E: Butterfly of Paradise, Paradise Birdwing, Tailed Birdwing; F: Ornithoptére de paradis
Indonesia, Papua New Guinea
Ornithoptera priamus (Linnaeus 1758) Il B -
Subspecies: admiralitatis, arruana, boisduvali, bornemanni, euphorion, gebeensis, hecuba, miokensis, poseidon,
priamus
E: Common Birdwing, Common Green Birdwing, New Guinea Birdwing, Priam's Birdwing
Australia, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea
Ornithoptera richmondia (Gray 1852) II B -
E: Richmond Birdwing
Australia
Ornithoptera rothschildi Kenrick 1911 I] B VU
E: Rothschild's Birdwing
Indonesia
Ornithoptera tithonus de Haan 1840 II B DD
Subspecies: misoolana, tithonus, waigeuensis
Indonesia
Ornithoptera urvillianus (Guérin-Méneville 1829) Il B -
E: D'Urville's Birdwing
Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands
Ornithoptera victoriae Gray 1856 II B -
E: Queen Victoria's Birdwing; F: Ornithoptére de la reine Victoria
Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands
Papilio benguetanus Joicey & Talbot 1923 - B LR/ni
Philippines
Papilio chikae Igarashi 1965 I A EN
E: Luzon Peacock Swallowtail
Philippines
Papilio esperanza Beutelspacher 1975 - B VU
Mexico
PAPILIONIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Papilio grosesmithi Rothschild 1926 - B LRvnt
Madagascar
Papilio homerus Fabricius 1793 I A EN
E: Homerus Swallowtail
Jamaica
Papilio hospiton Guenée 1839 | A EN
E: Corsican Swallowtail
France. Italy
Papilio maraho (Shiraki & Sonan 1934) - B LR/nt
Taiwan
Papilio morondavana - B DD
E: Madagascan Emperor Swallowtail
Madagascar
Papilio neumoegeni Honrath 1890 - B VU
Indonesia
Parides ascanius (Cramer 1775) - B VU
E: Fluminense Swallowtail
Brazil
Parides hahneli (Staudinger 1882) - B DD
E: Hahnel's Amazonian Swallowtail
Brazil
Parnassius apollo Linnaeus 1758 Bt A VU
E: Apollo, Apoilo Butterfly, Mountain Apollo; S: Apolo, Mariposa apollo
Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan (?), Bulgaria, China, Czech Republic, Czechoslovakia, Finland,
France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary (?), Iran, Iraq, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia (ex),
Liechtenstein, Lithuania (ex), Mongolia, Netherlands (?), Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Turkey, Ukraine, Yugoslavia
Teinopalpus aureus Mell 1923 I B DD
E: Golden Kaiserihind
China, Viet Nam (?)
Teinopalpus imperialis Hope 1843 I B LR/nt
E: Kaiserihind
Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal
Trogonoptera brookiana (Wallace 1856) Il B -
Subspecies: albescens, brookiana, haugumei, natunensis, trogon
E: Rajah Brooke's Birdwing; F: Ornithoptére de Brooke
Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia
Trogonoptera trojana (Honrath 1886) I] B -
Philippines
Troides aeacus (C. and R. Felder 1860) I] B -
Subspecies: aeacus, kaguya, thomsoni
E: Golden Birdwing, Small Birdwing; F: Ornithoptére d'Obi
Bangladesh (?), Bhutan, Cambodia, China (Sichuan), India, Indonesia (Sumatra), Laos (?), Malaysia (Peninsular
Malaysia), Myanmar, Nepal, Taiwan, Thailand, Viet Nam
PAPILIONIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Troides amphrysus (Cramer 1782) II B -
Subspecies: amphnvsus, andrewei, flavicollis, niasicus, ruficollis, vistara
E: Golden Birdwing, Malay Birdwing
Brunei. Indonesia. Malaysia. Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand
Troides andromache (Staudinger 1892) I] B LR/nt
Subspecies: andromache, 'marapokensis' (the latter now regarded as a female form of andromache)
Indonesia (?), Malaysia
Troides criton (C. and R. Felder 1860) II B -
Subspecies: celebensis, criton. The former is now considered to be unrelated to 7. criton, it may be a separate
species or a natural hybrid of 7. haliphron and T. helena
Indonesia
Troides cuneifer (Oberthiir 1879) Il B -
Subspecies: cuneifer, peninsulae, sumatranus
E: Golden Birdwing
Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand
Troides darsius (Gray 1852) II B -
Sri Lanka
Troides dohertyi (Rippon 1893) II B VU
E: Talaud Black Birdwing
Indonesia
Troides haliphron (Boisduval 1836) II B -
Subspecies: ariadne, ikarus, iris, haliphron, naias, pallens, pistor, socrates, staudingeri
Indonesia
Troides helena (Linnaeus 1758) II B -
Subspecies: antileuca, cerberus, ferrari, helena, heliconoides, hephaestus, isara, maurus, mopa, moschylus,
neoris, nereides, nereis, orientis, propinquus, sagittatus, spilotia, typhaon
E: Black-and-gold Birdwing, Common Birdwing
Bangladesh, Bhutan (?), Brunei, Cambodia (?), China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar,
Nepal, Singapore, Thailand, Viet Nam
Troides hypolitus (Cramer 1775) II B -
Subspecies: antiope, cellularis, hypolitus, sulaensis
Indonesia
Troides magellanus (C. and R. Felder 1862) Il B -
Subspecies: apoensis, magellanus, sonani
Philippines, Taiwan
Troides minos (Cramer 1779) I] B -
India
Troides miranda (Butler 1869) II B -
Subspecies: miranda, neomiranda
Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia
Troides oblongomaculatus (Goeze 1779) I] B -
Subspecies: bandensis, bouruensis, hanno, oblongomaculatus, papuensis, thestius
Indonesia, Papua New Guinea
Troides plateni Staudinger 1888 Il B -
Philippines
PAPILIONIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Troides plato Wallace 1865 II B -
Indonesia
Troides prattorum (Joicey and Talbot 1922) Il B VU
E: Buru Opalescent Birdwing
Indonesia
Troides rhadamantus (Lucas 1835) II B -
Philippines
Troides riedeli (Kirsch 1885) Il B -
Indonesia
Troides vandepolli (Snellen 1890) II B -
Subspecies: honrathiana, vandepolli
Indonesia
Class ARACHNIDA
Order ARANEAE
Family THERAPHOSIDAE
Aphonopelma albiceps (Pocock 1903) II B -
Mexico
Aphonopelma pallidum (Pickard-Cambridge 1897) I B -
Syn. Brachypelma pallida
E: Chihuahua Rose-grey Tarantula, Mexican Grey Tarantula; S: Tarantula Mexicana gris; F: Tarantule
gris du Mexique
Mexico
Brachypelma albopilosum Valerio 1980 II B -
E: Curly-hair Tarantula; S: Tarantula de pelo crespo; F: Tarantule frisée
Costa Rica
Brachypelma angustum Valerio 1980 II B -
E: Costa Rican Red Tarantula; S: Tarantula roja de Costa Rica; F: Tarantule rouge du Costa Rica
Costa Rica
Brachypelma auratum Schmidt 1992 Il B -
E: Mexican Flame-knee Tarantula; S: Tarantula Mexicana rodilla de llama; F: Tarantule a gendux de
peu du Mexique
Mexico
Brachypelma aureoceps (Chamberlin 1917) Il B -
E: Florida Golden Chestnut Tarantula
USA (7?) [int?]
Brachypelma baumgarteni Smith 1993 Il B -
E: Mexican Orangebeauty Tarantula, Michoacan Orange Tarantula; S: Tarantula Mexicana naranja; F:
Tarantule orange du Mexique
Mexico
13
THERAPHOSIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Brachypelma boehmei Schmidt & Klaas 1993 II B -
E: Mexican Fireleg Tarantula, Guerrero Orange Legs Tarantula; S: Tarantula Mexicana pierna naranja
oscuro; F: Tarantule du Mexique a pattes raille
Mexico
Brachypelma embrithes (Chamberlin & Ivie 1936) II B -
Panama
Brachypelma emilia (White 1856) {l B -
E: Mexican Black-cap Tarantula, Mexican Red Leg Tarantula, Orange-knee Tarantula, True Red Leg
Tarantula; S: Tarantula Mexicana perna roja; F: Tarantule du Mexique a pattes rouge
Mexico
Brachypelma epicureanum (Chamberlin 1925) I] B -
E: Yucatan Rusty-rumped Tarantula
Mexico
Brachypelma fossorium Valerio 1980 Il B -
E: Filadelfia Rusty Brown Tarantula
Costa Rica
Brachypelma mesomelas (Pickard-Cambridge 1892) I] B -
Costa Rica
Brachypelma sabulosum (Pickard-Cambridge 1897) Il B -
E: Guatemalan Red-rumped Tarantula
Guatemala
Brachypelma smithi (Pickard-Cambridge 1897) II B -
E: Mexican Red-kneed Tarantula; S: Tarantula Mexicana pierna roje; F: Tarantule a gendux roles du
Mexique
Mexico
Brachypelma vagans (Ausserer 1875) II B -
E: Mexican Red-rumped Tarantula; S: Tarantula Mexicana cadera roja; F: Tarantule 4 croupion rouge
du Mexique
Belize (?), Guatemala (7), Mexico
Brachypelmides klaasi Schmidt & Krause 1994 II B -
Syn. Brachypelma klaasi
E: Acapulco Lesser Orange Tarantula
Mexico
Order SCORPIONES
Family SCORPIONIDAE
Pandinus dictator (Pocock 1888) I] B -
S: Escorpion magnifico
Cameroon, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon (?)
Pandinus gambiensis Pocock 1899 I B -
S: Escorpion de Gambia; F: Grand scorpian du Sénégal
Gambia, Senegal
SCORPIONIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Pandinus imperator (Koch 1842) Il B -
Includes Pandinus africanus and Heterometrus roeseli
E: Emperor Scorpion; S: Escorpion emperador, Escorpion gigante
Benin, Chad. Cote d'Ivoire. Democratic Republic of the Congo (?). Equatorial Guinea (?), Eritrea. Ethiopia (?).
Gabon (?), Gambia (?). Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau (?), Liberia. Senegal (?), Sierra Leone. Somalia, Sudan,
Tanzania (?), Togo
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Penteen -
Beaniapgactnteny, et ileas a ir ies
Sr Masican Mack -uap Fneermhir,
_ Yevwanete: » Tariatute ee
Me ee,
enoliereiien spheationaaes ie ee
| Ciera
oe
HIRUDINIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Phylum ANNELIDA
Class HIRUDINOIDEA
Order ARHYNCHOBDELLAE
Family HIRUDINIDAE
Hirudo medicinalis Linnaeus 1758 Il B LR/nt
E: Medicinal Leech; F: Sangsue médicinale, Sangsue officinale
Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan (?), Belarus (?), Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia
(2), Finland, France, Georgia. Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland (ex), Italy, Kazakhstan (?), Latvia (?),
Lithuania. Luxembourg, Moldova, Netherlands. Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Yugoslavia
TRIDACNIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Phylum MOLLUSCA
Class BIVALVIA
Order VENEROIDA
Family TRIDACNIDAE
Hippopus hippopus (Linnaeus 1758) I B LR/cd
E: Bear Paw Clam, Horse's Hoof Clam, Strawberry Clam
American Samoa (ex?), Australia, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji (ex?), Guam (ex?), India (?), Indonesia,
Japan, Kiribati, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Myanmar. New Caledonia, Northern Marianas (ex?), Palau, Papua
New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Taiwan (ex?), Thailand (?), Tonga (ex?), Tuvalu,
Vanuatu, Western Samoa (ex?)
Hippopus porcellanus Rosewater 1982 II B LR/cd
E: China Clam
Indonesia, Palau, Philippines
Tridacna crocea Lamarck 1819 I] B LR/Ic
E: Boring Clam, Crocus Clam, Saffron-coloured Clam
Australia, Guam (ex?), Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Northern Marianas (ex?), Palau, Papua New Guinea,
Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Tuvalu (?), Vanuatu, Viet Nam
Tridacna derasa (Réding 1798) II B VU
E: Southern Giant Clam
American Samoa [int], Australia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands (?), Cook Islands [int], Federated States of Micronesia
{int], Fiji, French Polynesia (?), Guam (ex?), Indonesia, Marshall Islands [int], New Caledonia, Northen
Marianas (ex?), Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu (?), Vanuatu (?)
Tridacna gigas (Linnaeus 1758) II B VU
E: Giant Clam; F: Bénitier géant
Australia, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji (ex?), Guam (ex?) [int], Indonesia, Japan, Kiribati. Malaysia,
Marshall Islands, Myanmar, New Caledonia (ex?), Northern Marianas (ex?), Palau, Papua New Guinea,
Philippines, Solomon Islands, Taiwan (ex?), Thailand, Tuvalu, USA [int], Vanuatu (ex?)
Tridacna maxima (R6ding 1798) II B LR/cd
E: Small Giant Clam
American Samoa, Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory, China, Cook Islands, Egypt, Federated States of
Micronesia, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Hong Kong (ex), India, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, Kiribati,
Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mozambique, Myanmar, New Caledonia,
Northern Marianas, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Pitcairn Islands, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles,
Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, US Minor
Pacific Islands, Vanuatu, Viet Nam, Western Samoa
Tridacna rosewateri Sirenho & Scarlato 1991 II B VU
F: Bénitier de Rosewater
Mauritius
Tridacna squamosa_ Lamarck 1819 Il B LR/cd
E: Fluted Clam, Fluted Giant Clam, Scaly Clam
American Samoa, Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory, Egypt, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, French
Polynesia, Guam (ex?) [int], India, Indonesia, Japan (ex?), Kenya, Kiribati, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives,
Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mozambique, Myanmar, New Caledonia, Northern Marianas (ex?), Palau, Papua
New Guinea, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Sri Lanka,
Thailand, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, USA [int], Vanuatu, Viet Nam, Western Samoa
19
TRIDACNIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Tridacna tevoroa Lucas, Ledua and Braley 1990 II B VU
Includes 7ridacna mbulvuana
E: Tevoro Clam; F: Bénitier de Tevoro
Fiji, Tonga
Order UNIONOIDA
Family UNIONIDAE
Conradilla caelata (Conrad 1834) I A -
Synonym of Lemiox rimosus
E: Birdwing Pearly Mussel, Rimose Naiad
USA
Cyprogenia aberti (Conrad 1850) II B EN
E: Edible Naiad, Edible Pearly Mussel, Western Fan-shell, Western Fanshell Mussel
USA
Dromus dromas_ (Lea 1834) I A CR
Syn. Conchodromus dromas
E: Dromedary Naiad, Dromedary Pearly Mussel
USA
Epioblasma curtisti Utterback 1915 I A -
Synonym of Plagiola florentina
E: Curtis' Pearly Mussel, Curtis’ Riffleshell
USA
Epioblasma florentina (Lea 1857) I A DD
E: Yellow Riffleshell, Yellow-blossom Pearly Mussel
USA
Epioblasma sampsonii_ Lea 1861 I A CR
E: Sampson's Naiad, Sampson's Pearly Mussel, Sampson's Riffleshell, Wabash Riffleshell
USA
Epioblasma sulcata perobliqua Conrad 1836 I A -
Synonym of Dysnomia sulcata, or of Plagiola obliquata
E: White Catspaw, White Catspaw Mussel
USA
Epioblasma torulosa gubernaculum Reeve 1865 ] A CR
Synonym of Dysnomia torulosa rangiana, or of Plagiola torulosa
E: Green Riffle Shell, Green-blossom Naiad, Green-blossom Pearly Mussel
USA
Epioblasma torulosa rangiana Lea 1839 II B CR
Synonym of Plagiola torulosa
E: Northern Riffleshell, Tan-blossom Naiad, Tan-blossom Pearly Mussel
Canada, USA
Epioblasma torulosa torulosa (Rafinesque 1820) I A CR
E: Tubercled-blossom Pearly Mussel, Turberculed Riffle Shell
Canada, USA
Epioblasma turgidula (Lea 1858) I A CR
E: Turgid Riffle Shell, Turgid-blossom Naiad, Turgid-blossom Pearly Mussel
USA
UNIONIDAE CITES EC Reg.
Epioblasma walkeri (Wilson and Clark 1914) I A
Synonym of Plagiola florentina
E: Brown-blossom Naiad, Brown-blossom Pearly Mussel, Tan Riffleshell
USA
Fusconaia cuneolus (Lea 1840) I A
E: Fine-rayed Pigtoe, Fine-rayed Pigtoe Pearly Mussel
USA
Fusconaia edgariana (Lea 1841) I A
Synonym of Quadrula cor
E: Shiny Pigtoe, Shiny Pigtoe Pearly Mussel
USA
Lampsilis higginsii_ (Lea 1857) ] A
E: Higgins' Eye Pearly Mussel
USA
Lampsilis orbiculata orbiculata (Lea 1836) I A
Synonym of Lampsilis abrupta
E: Pink Mucket Pearly Mussel
USA
Lampsilis satur (Lea 1852) ] A
E: Plain Pocketbook Pearly Mussel, Sandback Pocketbook Mussel
USA
Lampsilis virescens (Lea 1858) I A
E: Alabama Lamp Naiad, Alabama Lamp Pearly Mussel, Alabama Lampmussel
USA
Plethobasus cicatricosus (Say 1829) I A
E: White Warty-back Pearly Mussel, White Wartyback
USA
Plethobasus cooperianus (Lea 1834) I A
Synonym of Quadrula striata
E: Orange-footed Pimpleback Mussel, Orangefoot Pimpleback
USA
Pleurobema clava (Lamarck 1819) I] B
E: Club Naiad, Clubshell, Clubshell Pearly Mussel
USA
Pleurobema plenum (Lea 1840) I A
E: Rough Pigtoe, Rough Pigtoe Pearly Mussel
USA
Potamilus capax (Green 1832) I A
Includes generic synonym Proptera
E: Fat Pocketbook, Fat Pocketbook Pearly Mussel
USA
Quadrula intermedia (Conrad 1836) I A
E: Cumberland Monkey-face Pearly Mussel, Cumberland Monkeyface
USA
RL
CR
EN
CR
CR
CR
CR
CR
CR
NE
UNIONIDAE
Quadrula sparsa (Lea 1841)
Synonym of Orthony-mus metanevrus tuberosus
CITES
I
EC Reg.
A
E: Appalachian Monkey-face Pearly Mussel, Appalachian Monkeyface
USA
Toxolasma cylindrellus (Lea 1868)
Synonym of Carunculina glans
E: Pale Lilliput Naiad, Pale Lilliput Pearly Mussel
USA
Unio nickliniana_ Lea 1837
Syn. Megalonaias nickliniana
E: Nicklin's Pearly Mussel
Guatemala. Mexico
Unio tampicoensis tecomatensis Lea 1841
I
A
A
Syn. Cyrtonaias tampicoensis tecomatensis, Lampsilis tampicoensis tecomatensis
E: Tampico Pearly Mussel
Mexico, USA (?)
Villosa trabalis (Conrad 1834)
Syn. Micromya trabalis
E: Cumberland Bean, Cumberland Bean Pearly Mussel
USA
Class GASTROPODA
Order STYLOMMATOPHORA
Family ACHATINELLIDAE
Achatinella abbreviata Reeve 1850
USA
Achatinella apexfulva (Dixon 1789)
USA
Achatinella bellula Smith 1873
USA
Achatinella buddii Newcomb 1853
USA
Achatinella bulimoides Swainson 1828
USA
Achatinella byronii (Wood 1828)
USA
Achatinella caesia Gulick 1858
USA
Achatinella casta Newcomb 1853
USA
N
i)
RL
CR
CR
NE
EX
CR
CR
EX
CR
CR
EX
EX
ACHATINELLIDAE
Achatinella cestus Newcomb 1853
USA
Achatinella concavospira Pfeiffer 1859
USA
Achatinella curta’ Newcomb 1853
USA
Achatinella decipiens Newcomb 1854
USA
Achatinella decora (Férussac 1821)
USA
Achatinella dimorpha_ Gulick 1858
USA
Achatinella elegans Newcomb 1853
USA
chatinella fulgens Newcomb 1853
SA
cy
Achatinella fuscobasis (Smith 1873)
USA
Achatinella juddii Baldwin 1895
USA
Achatinella juncea Gulick 1856
USA
Achatinella lehuiensis Smith 1873
USA
Achatinella leucorrhaphe Gulick 1873
USA
Achatinella lila Pilsbry 1914
USA
Achatinella livida Swainson 1828
USA
Achatinella lorata (Férussac 1824)
USA
Achatinella mustelina Mighels 1845
USA
Achatinella papyracea Gulick 1856
USA
Achatinella phaeozona Gulick 1856
USA
Achatinella pulcherrima Swainson 1828
USA
23
CITES
EC Reg.
RL
CR
CR
CR
CR
EX
EX
EX
CR
CR
EX
EX
CR
EX
CR
CR
EX
CR
CR
ACHATINELLIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Achatinella pupukanioe Pilsbry and Cooke 1914 I A CR
USA
Achatinella rosea Swainson 1828 I A -
USA
Achatinella sowerbyana_ Pfeiffer 1855 l A CR
USA
Achatinella spaldingi Pilsbry and Cooke 1914 I A EX
USA
Achatinella stewartii Green 1827 I A CR
USA
Achatinella swiftii_ Newcomb 1853 I A CR
USA
Achatinella taeniolata Pfeiffer 1846 I A CR
USA
Achatinella thaanumi Pilsbry and Cooke 1914 I A EX
USA
Achatinella turgida Newcomb 1853 I A CR
USA
Achatinella valida Pfeiffer 1855 I A EX
USA
Achatinella viridans Mighels 1845 I A CR
USA
Achatinella vittata Reeve 1850 I A :
USA
Achatinella vulpina (Férussac 1824) I A CR
USA
Family CAMAENIDAE
Papustyla pulcherrima Rensch 1931 I] B DD
Syn. Papuina pulcherrima
E: Emerald Green Snail, Green Tree Snail, Manus Green Tree Snail
Papua New Guinea
Order MESOGASTROPODA
Family STROMBIDAE
Strombus gigas (Linnaeus 1758) II B -
E: Pink Conch, Queen Conch; F: Lambis, Strombe géant
Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba (?), Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Brazil, Cayman Islands,
Colombia, Costa Rica (?), Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Honduras,
Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat (?), Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua (?), Panama, Puerto Rico, Si Kitts
and Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, USA (Florida), Venezuela,
Virgin Islands (British), Virgin Islands (US)
abbreviata, Achatinella. 22
abdominalis. Hippocampus. 4
aberti. Cyprogenia. 20
Achatinella. 22.23.24
ACHATINELLIDAE. 22
Acipenser. 1.2.3
ACIPENSERIDAE. |
ACIPENSERIFORMES. |
Acoupa de MacDonald. 7
ACTINOPTERYGIL. 1
aeacus, Troides. 11
aesacus. Ornithoptera. 9
aimei. Hippocampus. 4
akakeae. Ornithoptera. 9
albiceps. Aphonopelma, 13
albopilosum. Brachypelma. \3
albus, Scaphirhynchus. 3
alexandrae, Ornithoptera. 9
allottet. Ornithoptera. 9
amphrvsus. Troides. 12
andromache, Troides. \2
angustum. Brachypelma. 13
angustus, Hippocampus. 4
apexfulva, Achatinella, 22
Aphonopelma. 13
Apollo. 11
Apollo. Mountain. 11
apollo. Parnassius. \1
Apolo. 11
ARACHNIDA. 13
ARANEAE. 13
Arapaima. 3
Arapaima. 3
ARHYNCHOBDELLAE. 17
Arowana. Asian. 3
Arowana. Golden. 3
ascanius, Parides. 11
Atrophaneura, 9
auratum, Brachypelma., \3
aureoceps, Brachypelma, 13
aureus, Teinopalpus. 11
baerii, Acipenser. |
Barb. Congo Blind. 3
Barb. Seven-striped. 4
Barbeau de Jullien. 4
Barbu aveugle. 3
bargibanti, Hippocampus, 4
Baronia. 9
Baronia, Short-homed. 9
baumgarteni, Brachypelma, 13
Bean. Cumberland. 22
bellula, Achatinella, 22
Beluga. 3
benguetanus, Papilio, 10
Bénitier de Rosewater, 19
Bénitier de Tevoro, 20
Bénitier géant, 19
Bhutanitis, 9
bicuspis, Hippocampus, 4
Birdwing. Abbé Allotte's, 9
Birdwing, Black-and-gold. 12
Birdwing. Buru Opalescent. 13
Birdwing. Chimaera. 10
Birdwing. Common, 10. 12
Birdwing. Common Green, 10
Birdwing. Golden. 11, 12
Birdwing. Goliath. 10
Birdwing. Malay. 12
Birdwing. New Guinea. 10
Birdwing. Paradise. 10
Birdwing. Queen Alexandra's. 9
Birdwing. Queen Victoria's. 10
INDEX
Birdwing. Rajah Brooke's. 11
Birdwing. Richmond. 10
Birdwing. Small. 11
Birdwing. Tailed. 10
Birdwing. Talaud Black. 12
BIVALVIA. 19
boehmei. Brachypelma. 14
Bonytongue. Asian. 3
borboniensis, Hippocampus. 4
Brachypelma. 13. 14
Brachypelmides. 14
brachyrhynchus, Hippocampus. 4
breviceps. Hippocampus. 4
brevicornis. Baronia. 9
brevirostrum. Acipenser. |
brookiana. Trogonoptera. 1
buddii, Achatinella. 22
bulimoides. Achatinella. 22
Butterfly. Apollo. 11
byronit, Achatinella. 22
Caecobarbus. 3
caelata. Conradilla. 20
caelestis. Ornithoptera. 10
caesia. Achatinella, 22
CAMAENIDAE. 24
camelopardalis, Hippocampus. 5
capax, Potamilus. 21
capensis, Hippocampus. 5
Carpilla ikan temoleh. 4
casta, Achatinella. 22
Cat. Duckbill. 3
Cat. Spoonbill. 3
Catfish. Giant. 4
CATOSTOMIDAE. 4
Catspaw. White. 20
Celecanto. |
Cératode. |
CERATODONTIDAE. |
CERATODONTIFORMES. |
Ceratodus. |
cestus, Achatinella. 23
chalumnae, Latimeria. |
Chasmistes. 4
chikae, Papilio, 10
chimaera, Ornithoptera. \0
cicatricosus, Plethobasus. 2\
Clam. Bear Paw, 19
Clam. Boring. 19
Clam. China, 19
Clam. Crocus. 19
Clam. Fluted. 19
Clam. Fluted Giant. 19
Clam. Giant. 19
Clam. Saffron-coloured. 19
Clam. Scaly, 19
Clam. Small Giant, 19
Clam, Southern Giant. 19
Clam, Strawberry, 19
Clam. Tevoro, 20
Class SARCOPTERYGII. |
clava, Pleurobema. 21
Clubshell. 21
Coelacanth. 1
Coelacanthe, |
COELACANTHIFORMES, |
comes, Hippocampus. 5
concavospira, Achatinella, 23
Conch. Pink. 24
Conch. Queen, 24
Conradilla, 20
cooperianus, Plethobasus. 21
coronatus, Hippocampus. 5
25
criton. Troides. 12
crocea, Tridacna. \9
croesus. Ornithoptera. \0
Cui-ui. 4
cujus, Chasmistes. 4
cuneifer. Troides. 12
cuneolus, Fusconaia. 2\
curta. Achatinella. 23
curtisii, Epioblasma. 20
cylindrellus. Toxolasma. 22
Cynoscion. 7
CYPRINIDAE. 3
CYPRINIFORMES. 3
Cyprogenia. 20
dabryanus, Acipenser. |
darsius, Troides. 12
dauricus. Huso. 2
decipiens, Achatinella. 23
decora. Achatinella. 23
derasa. Tridacna. \9
dictator, Pandinus. 14
dimorpha. Achatinella. 23
Dipneuste. |
dohertyi. Troides. \2
dromas. Dromus. 20
Dromus. 20
edgariana, Fusconaia. 21
elegans, Achatinella. 23
embrithes. Brachypelma. 14
emilia, Brachypelma,. \4
epicureanum, Brachypelma. 14
Epioblasma. 20. 21
erecius. Hippocampus. 5
erinaceus, Hippocampus. 5
Escorpion de Gambia. 14
Escorpion emperador. 15
Escorpion gigante. 15
Escorpion magnifico. 14
esperanza, Papilio. 10
Esturgeon a barbillons frangés. 2
Esturgeon a nez court. |
Esturgeon blanc. 2
Esturgeon commun. 2
Esturgeon de I'Adriatique. 2
Esturgeon de I'Atlantique. 2
Esturgeon étoilé. 2
Esturgeon jaune. |
Esturgeon sibérien. |
Esturgeon vert. 2
Esturion barba de flecos. 2
Esturion comun. 2
Esturion del Adriatico.
Esturion del Atlantico.
Esturion estrellado. 2
Esturion hociquicorto. |
Esturion lacustre, |
Nr
Fan-shell. Western. 20
fedtschenkoi, Pseudoscaphirhynchus. 3
Fish. African Blind Barb, 3
Fish, Golden Dragon. 3
florentina, Epioblasma, 20
Sormosus, Scleropages. 3
forsteri, Neoceratodus. |
Sossorium, Brachypelma. 14
Julgens, Achatinella. 23
fulvescens, Acipenser, |
fuscobasis, Achatinella, 23
Fusconaia. 21
fuscus, Hippocampus. 5
gambiensis. Pandinus. \4
GASTROPODA. 22
geertsi. Caecobarbus. 3
gigas, drapaima. 3
gigas. Pangasianodon. +
gigas. Strombus. 24
gigas. Tridacna. 19
gladius. Psephurus. 3
Glory. Bhutan. 9
goliath. Ornithoptera. 10
Gombessa. |
Grand scorpian du Sénégal. 14
Graphium. 9
grosesmithi. Papilio. 11
gueldenstaedtii, Acipenser. |
hahneli. Parides. \\
haliphron, Troides. \2
helena. Troides. 12
hermanni, Pseudoscaphirhynchus. 3
higginsii. Lampsilis. 21
Hippocampus. 4. 5. 6.7
hippocampus, Hippocampus. 5
Hippopus. 19
hippopus. Hippopus. \9
HIRUDINIDAE. 17
HIRUDINOIDEA. 17
Hirudo. 17
histrix, Hippocampus. 5
homerus, Papilio. 11
horai. Hippocampus. 5
hospiton. Papilio. 11
Huso. 2. 3
huso. Huso. 3
hypolitus, Troides. 12
imperator. Pandinus. 15
imperialis, Teinopalpus. \\
ingens, Hippocampus, 5
INSECTA. 9
intermedia. Quadrula, 21
japonicus, Hippocampus. 6
Jayakari, Hippocampus. 6
Juddii, Achatinella, 23
Jullieni, Probarbus. 4
Juncea, Achatinella. 23
Kaiserihind, 11
Kaiserihind. Golden, 11
Kaluga. 2
kaufmanni, Pseudoscaphirhynchus, 3
kaupii, Hippocampus, 6
Kelesa. 3
kelloggi, Hippocampus. 6
klaasi, Brachypelmides, 14
kuda, Hippocampus. 6
La chimére. 10
Lambis. 24
Lampmussel. Alabama, 21
Lampsilis. 21, 22
Latimeria, |
LATIMERIIDAE, 1
Leech, Medicinal. 17
lehuiensis, Achatinella. 23
LEPIDOPTERA, 9
leucorrhaphe, Achatinella, 23
lichtensteinii, Hippocampus, 6
lidderdalii, Bhutanitis, 9
lila, Achatinella, 23
livida, Achatinella, 23
lorata, Achatinella, 23
ludlowi, Bhutanitis, 9
Lungfish. Australian. |
Lungfish. Queensland, |
macdonaldi. Cynoscion. 7
magellanus. Troides. \2
mansfieldi. Bhutanitis. 9
maraho. Papilio. \\
Mariposa apollo. 11
maxima. Tridacna. 19
medicinalis. Hirudo. \7
medirostris. Acipenser. 2
meridionalis, Ornithoptera. 10
MESOGASTROPODA. 24
mesomelas. Brachypelma. \4
mikadoi. Acipenser. 2
minos. Troides. 12
minotaur, Hippocampus. 6
miranda, Troides. 12
Monkeyface. Appalachian. 22
Monkeyface. Cumberland. 21
morondavana. Papilio. \\
Mussel. Alabama Lamp Pearly. 21
Mussel. Appalachian Monkey-face
Pearly. 22
Mussel. Birdwing Pearly. 20
Mussel. Brown-blossom Pearly, 21
Mussel. Clubshell Pearly. 21
Mussel. Cumberland Bean Pearly. 22
Mussel. Cumberland Monkey-face
Pearly. 21
Mussel. Dromedary Pearly. 20
Mussel. Edible Pearly. 20
Mussel. Fat Pocketbook Pearly. 21
Mussel. Fine-rayed Pigtoe Pearly. 21
Mussel. Green-blossom Pearly. 20
Mussel. Orange-footed Pimpleback. 21
Mussel. Pale Lilliput Pearly, 22
Mussel. Pink Mucket Pearly. 21
Mussel. Plain Pocketbook Pearly. 21
Mussel. Rough Pigtoe Pearly, 21
Mussel. Sandback Pocketbook. 21
Mussel. Shiny Pigtoe Pearly, 21
Mussel, Tampico Pearly, 22
Mussel. Tan-blossom Pearly. 20
Mussel, Tubercled-blossom Pearly. 20
Mussel. Turgid-blossom Pearly. 20
Mussel. Wester Fanshell. 20
Mussel. White Catspaw, 20
Mussel. White Warty-back Pearly. 21
Mussel. Yellow-blossom Pearly, 20
mustelina, Achatinella, 23
naccarii. Acipenser. 2
Naiad. Alabama Lamp. 21
Naiad. Brown-blossom. 21
Naiad. Club. 21
Naiad. Dromedary. 20
Naiad. Edible. 20
Naiad. Green-blossom. 20
Naiad. Pale Lilliput. 22
Naiad. Rimose. 20
Naiad. Tan-blossom. 20
Naiad. Turgid-blossom, 20
Neoceratodus, |
neumoegeni, Papilio, 11
nickliniana, Unio, 22
nudiventris, Acipenser, 2
oblongomaculatus, Troides. 12
orbiculata orbiculata, Lampsilis, 2\
Ornithoptera. 9,10
Omnithoptere chimére, 10
Omnithoptere de Brooke, 11
Omithoptére de la reine Alexandra. 9
Omithoptére de la reine Victoria, 10
Omithoptere de I'abbé Allotte, 9
Omithoptere de paradis, 10
Omnithoptere d'Obi, 11
Omithoptere goliath. 10
26
Omithoptére meridional. 10
OSTEOGLOSSIDAE. 3
OSTEOGLOSSIFORMIES. 3
oxrhynchus. Acipenser. 2
Paddlefish. 3
Paddlefish. Chinese. 3
Paiche. 3
pallidum. Aphonopelma. 13
palu. Atrophaneura. 9
Pandinus. 14.15
Pangasianodon. 4
PANGASIIDAE. 4
Papilio. 10. 11
PAPILIONIDAE. 9
Papustyla. 24
papyracea. Achatinella. 23
Paradise. Butterfly of. 10
paradisea, Ornithoptera. 10
Parides. |
Parnassius. 11
PERCIFORMES. 7
persicus. Acipenser. 2
Pez lengiiihueso malayo. 3
Pez pulmonado australiano. |
phaeozona. Achatinella. 23
Phylum CHORDATA. |
Pigtoe. Fine-rayed. 21
Pigtoe. Rough. 21
Pigtoe. Shiny, 21
Pimpleback. Orangefoot 21
Pirarucu. 3
planifrons. Hippocampus. 6
plateni, Troides. \2
plato, Troides. \3
platorynchus. Scaphirhynchus. 3
plenum. Pleurobema. 2\
Plethobasus. 2\
Pleurobema. 21
Pocketbook. Fat. 21
Poisson cavernicole d'Afrique. 3
Poisson spatule. 3
Polyvodon. 3
POLYODONTIDAE. 3
Pony. Sea. 5
porcellanus, Hippopus. 19
Potamilus. 21
prattorum, Troides. 13
priamus. Ornithoptera. 10
Probarbus. 4
Psephurus. 3
Pseudoscaphirhynchus. 3
pulcherrima, Achatinella. 23
pulcherrima, Papustyla. 24
pupukanioe, Achatinella. 24
Quadrula, 21. 22
ramulosus, Hippocampus, 6
reidi, Hippocampus. 6
rhadamantus, Troides, 13
richmondia, Ornithoptera. 10
riedeli, Troides, 13
Riffleshell, Northen, 20
Riffleshell. Tan, 21
Riffleshell. Wabash. 20
Riffleshell. Yellow. 20
rosea, Achatinella, 24
rosewateri, Tridacna. 19
rothschildi, Ornithoptera, 10
ruthenus, Acipenser, 2
sabulosum, Brachypelma. 14
sampsonii. Epioblasma, 20
sandawanum, Graphium. 9
Sangsue médicinale. 17
Sangsue officinale. 17
SARCOPTERYGIIL. |
satur, Lampsilts. 2\
Scaphirhynchus. 3
schrencki. Acipenser. 2
SCIAENIDAE. 7
Scleropage d'Asie. 3
Scléeropage formosus. 3
Scleropages. 3
Scorpion. Emperor. 15
SCORPIONES. 14
SCORPIONIDAE. 14
Seahorse. Big-bellied. 4
Seahorse. Bullneck. 6
Seahorse. Crowned. 5
Seahorse. Dwarf. 7
Seahorse. Giant. 5
Seahorse. Giraffe. 5
Seahorse. Hedgehog. 7
Seahorse. Japanese. 6
Seahorse. Knysna. 5
Seahorse. Lined. 5
Seahorse. Long-snouted. 6
Seahorse. Low-crowned. 6
Seahorse. Pacific. 5
Seahorse. Short-headed. 4
Seahorse. Short-snouted. 5
Seahorse. Slender. 6
Seahorse. Spiny. 5
Seahorse. Spotted. 6
Seahorse. Thorny. 5
Seahorse. Three-spotted. 7
Seahorse. Western Australian. 4
Seahorse. Yellow. 6
Shell. Green Riffle. 20
Shell. Turberculed Riffle. 20
Shell. Turgid Riffle. 20
Silure de verre géant. 4
SILURIFORMES. 4
Siluro gigante. 4
sindonis, Hippocampus, 6
sinensis. Acipenser. 2
smithi, Brachypelma. 14
Snail. Emerald Green. 24
Snail. Green Tree. 24
Snail. Manus Green Tree. 24
sowerbyana, Achatinella. 24
Spadefish. 3
spaldingi, Achatinella. 24
sparsa, Quadrula, 22
spathula, Polyodon, 3
spinosissimus, Hippocampus, 7
squamosa, Tridacna. 19
stellatus. Acipenser. 2
Sterlet. 2
stewartii, Achatinella. 24
stresemanni, Graphium. 9
Strombe géant. 24
STROMBIDAE. 24
Strombus, 24
Sturgeon. Adriatic, 2
Sturgeon, Alabama, 3
Sturgeon, Amur. 2
Sturgeon. Atlantic, 2
Sturgeon. Baltic. 2
Sturgeon. Bastard. 2
Sturgeon. Chinese. 2
Sturgeon. Common. 2
Sturgeon. European. 3
Sturgeon. False Shovelnose. 3
Sturgeon. Fringebarbel. 2
Sturgeon. Giant. 3
Sturgeon. Great.
Sturgeon. Green. 2
Sturgeon. Lake. |
Sturgeon. Large Amu-Dar Shovelnose.
J
Sturgeon. Pallid. 3
Sturgeon. Persian. 2
Sturgeon. Russian. |
Sturgeon. Sakhalin. 2
Sturgeon. Sand. 3
Sturgeon. Ship. 2
Sturgeon. Shortnose. |
Sturgeon. Shovelnose. 3
Sturgeon. Siberian. |
Sturgeon. Small Amu-Dar Shovelnose.
3
Sturgeon. Spiny. 2
Sturgeon. Star. 2
Sturgeon. Stellate. 2
Sturgeon. Syr-Dar Shovelnose. 3
Sturgeon. Thor. 2
Sturgeon. White. 2
Sturgeon. Yangtze. |
sturio. Acipenser. 2
STYLOMMATOPHORA. 22
sulcata perobliqua, Epioblasma. 20
suttkusi, Scaphirhynchus. 3
Swallowtail. Apo. 9
Swallowtail. Chinese Three-tailed. 9
Swallowtail. Corsican. 11
Swallowtail. Fluminense, | 1
Swallowtail. Homerus. 11
Swallowtail. Luzon Peacock. 10
Swallowtail. Madagascan Emperor. 11
Swallowtail. Palu. 9
swiftii, Achatinella. 24
SYNGNATHIDAE. 4
SYNGNATHIFORMES. 4
taeniolata. Achatinella. 24
taeniops. Hippocampus, 7
takakurae, Hippocampus. 7
tampicoensis tecomatensis, Unio. 22
Tarantula de pelo crespo. 13
Tarantula Mexicana cadera roja. 14
Tarantula Mexicana gris. 13
Tarantula Mexicana naranja. 13
Tarantula Mexicana pema roja. 14
Tarantula Mexicana pierna naranja
oscuro, 14
Tarantula Mexicana pierna roje. 14
Tarantula Mexicana rodilla de llama,
13
Tarantula roja de Costa Rica. 13
Tarantula. Acapulco Lesser Orange. 14
Tarantula. Chihuahua Rose-grey, 13
Tarantula. Costa Rican Red. 13
Tarantula. Curly-hair. 13
Tarantula. Filadelfia Rusty Brown, 14
Tarantula. Florida Golden Chestnut, 13
Tarantula. Guatemalan Red-rumped, 14
Tarantula. Guerrero Orange Legs. 14
Tarantula. Mexican Black-cap. 14
Tarantula, Mexican Fireleg. 14
Tarantula. Mexican Flame-knee. 13
Tarantula. Mexican Grey, 13
Tarantula. Mexican Orangebeauty. 13
Tarantula. Mexican Red Leg. 14
Tarantula. Mexican Red-kneed. 14
Tarantula. Mexican Red-rumped. 14
Tarantula. Michoacan Orange. 13
Tarantula. Orange-knee. 14
Tarantula. True Red Leg. 14
Tarantula. Yucatan Rusty-rumped. 14
Tarantule a croupion rouge du
Mexique. 14
Tarantule a gendux de peu du Mexique.
13
Tarantule a gendux roles du Mexique.
14
Tarantule du Mexique a pattes raille.
14
Tarantule du Mexique a pattes rouge.
14
Tarantule frisée. 13
Tarantule gris du Mexique. 13
Tarantule orange du Mexique. 13
Tarantule rouge du Costa Rica. 13
Teinopalpus. \1
tevoroa. Tridacna. 20
thaanumi. Achatinella. 24
thaidina. Bhuranitis. 9
THERAPHOSIDAE. 13
tithonus, Ornithoptera. 10
torulosa gubernaculum, Epioblasma.
20
torulosa rangiana. Epioblasma. 20
torulosa torulosa. Epioblasma. 20
Totoaba. 7
Totoba. 7
Toxolasma, 22
trabalis. Villosa. 22
transmontanus, Acipenser. D,
Tridacna. 19. 20
TRIDACNIDAE. 19
trimaculatus. Hippocampus. 7
tristis. Hippocampus. 7
Trogonoptera. ||
Troides, 11. 12. 13
trojana, Trogonoptera. ||
turgida, Achatinella, 24
turgidula, Epioblasma. 20
Unio. 22
UNIONIDAE. 20
UNIONOIDA. 20
urvillianus, Ornithoptera. 10
vagans, Brachypelma. 14
valida, Achatinella, 24
vandepolli, Troides. 13
VENEROIDA. 19
victoriae. Ornithoptera. 10
Villosa. 22
virescens, Lampsilis. 21
viridans, Achatinella. 24
vittata, Achatinella. 24
vulpina, Achatinella, 24
walkeri, Epioblasma, 21
Wartyback. White. 21
whitei, Hippocampus. 7
zebra, Hippocampus. 7
zosterae, Hippocampus, 7
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ape
HELIOPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Phylum: CNIDARIA
Class: ANTHOZOA
Order HELIOPORACEA (= COENOTHECALIA)
Family HELIOPORIDAE Moseley 1876
Heliopora Blainville 1830 II B <
(Red Sea. East and South A frica [68.329]. Indian Ocean. north to Maldives and Indonesia: south to Madagascar and
north-western Australia [761]. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan and Marshall Islands: south
to Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia: east to Samoa [761]})
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761].
American Samoa [872a]; Australia [872a]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672]: Brunei; Christmas Island;
Cocos (Keeling) Islands; Comoros; Egypt; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia [872a]: Guam [872a]:
Indonesia [735a]J: Israel; Japan [869,872a]; Kenya; Kiribati [776,872a]; Madagascar; Malaysia: including Peninsular
[36], Sabah [512,848]; Maldives [832]; Marshall Islands [465,807,872a]; Mauritius [242]; Mozambique; Nauru
[872a]; 7New Caledonia [807 but see 42 1a]; Niue; Northern Marianas [872a]; Palau [221,872a]: Papua New Guinea
[872a]; Philippines [868a]: Réunion; Samoa; Saudi Arabia; Seychelles [845]; Singapore [617,776]; Solomon Islands
#4 [513,872a]; Somalia; Sudan; Taiwan [171,872a]; Tanzania; Thailand; Tokelau; Tuvalu [872a]; Vanuatu [19a,872a];
' Wallis and Futuna
Generally a fairly common coral that occurs in a wide range of reef habitats, especially in shallow areas [761,847].
1 species
Heliopora coerulea (Pallas 1766) Blue Coral
Order STOLONIFERA
Family TUBIPORIDAE Ehrenberg 1828
Tubipora Linnaeus 1758 Il B -
(Red Sea, East and South Africa [761]. Indian Ocean, north to Maldives and Indonesia; south to Madagascar and
south-westem Australia. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan and Marshall Islands; south to
Elizabeth Reef (eastern Australia); east to New Caledoniaand Vanuatu [761,847])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
Australia [754,758a,792b]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672]; Brunei; Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling)
Islands; Comoros; Djibouti; Egypt; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Guam; Indonesia [735a]; Israel;
Japan; Kenya [329]; Madagascar; Malaysia: Sabah [585,848]; Maldives; Marshall Islands [465,807]; Mauritius;
Mozambique [637d]; Nauru; New Caledonia; Northern Marianas; Oman [65 1a]; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea
[350a]; Philippines; Réunion; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [845]; Solomon Islands [513]; Somalia; South Africa
[637d]; Sudan; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania; Vanuatu; Yemen
A fairly common reef coral [761].
4 nominal species, probably only | true species [761]
Tubipora musica Linnaeus 1758 Organ-pipe Coral
29
ANTIPATHIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Order ANTIPATHARIA Black Corals
Family ANTiPATHIDAE Gray 1842
Allopathes Opresko & Cairns 1994 I] B -
(Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico)
China [873]: Guadeloupe [197]: Montserrat [614]; USA
1 species [554]
Allopathes desbonni (Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864) Barbados [612]: China [873]; Cuba [613]; Guadeloupe
[197]; Montserrat [614]; USA [125a,613,630a]
Antipathes Pallas 1766 Il B -
(Reported from all oceans [291,293]: Atlantic from north to south [292,552], including the Caribbean
[319,551,552], Gulf of Mexico [551] and Mediterranean [292,551,552]; Indo-Pacific [258.319,552.553.834],
including Red Sea [552] and Arabian Gulf [258])
Anguilla [552]; Australia [897]; Bahamas [551,552]; Barbados [85,449,551,552]; Bermuda; Brazil [551,552]:
British Indian Ocean Territory [258]; Cape Verde [648]; Chile: including Juan Fernandez [84,551]; China [897];
Colombia [551,552,834]; Cuba [551]; Dominica [84,551,552]; Dominican Republic [552]; Ecuador: including
Galapagos Islands [479,480,553,640,834]; Fiji [84,319]; France [84,897]; Gibraltar [292.552]; Grenada [551];
Guadeloupe [84,195,551,552];Guam [834]; Guyana [551]; Honduras [551,552]; India: including Andaman Islands
[84.258]: Indonesia [84,258,380,581,663,897]; Italy [84,301,409,552,897]; Jamaica [548.551.552.794]; Japan
[84,679,680,834]; Korea [685]; Liberia [84]; Madagascar [84,379]; Maldives [258]; Martinique [84,196,551.614];
Mauritius: including Cargados Carajos, Rodrigues [84,243,258]; Mexico [132,402,552]; Montserrat [84.551,614];
Morocco [292,648,897]; Netherlands Antilles [834]; New Zealand [84,287,288,552,737,834]:Palau [319]; Panama
[84.551,552,553,781,834]:Philippines [84,258,3 19,581,897]; Portugal [292] including Azores [292,648], Madeira
[84,292,383 ,552,648]; Puerto Rico [329a,551]; Réunion [243]; Saint Helena [84,552]; Saint Lucia [84,552]; Saint
Vincent [84,551]; Saudi Arabia [84,552]; Seychelles: including Amirantes [258]; Spain: Canary Islands [648]; Sri
Lanka [84,258,734]; Suriname [551,552]; Taiwan [84,258,834]; Tonga [319]; Trinidad and Tobago: Trinidad
[551,794]; United States: Florida, Hawaiian Islands [84,154,317,319,320,551,552,834,897]; Vanuatu [84];
Venezuela [551,552]; Virgin Islands of the United States [196,55 1,552,574]
About 96 species
Antipathes abies (Linnaeus 1758) India [84,258]; Indonesia [380]; Madagascar [379]; Mauritius [243,258];
Mozambique [714]; Philippines [258]; Réunion [243]; Seychelles [258]; Sri Lanka [258,734]; Taiwan [258]
Antipathes aculeata (Brook 1889) Indonesia [84]
Antipathes alata (Brook 1889) Mauritius [84]
Antipathes americana Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 Grenada [551]; Venezuela[551}; Virgin Islands of the
United States [84,196,551]
Antipathes aperta Totton 1923 New Zealand [287,288,552,834]
Antipathes arborea Dana 1848 Fiji [84,309]
Antipathes assimilis (Brook 1889)
Antipathes atlantica Gray 1857 Jamaica[794]; Trinidad and Tobago [794]
Antipathes barbadensis (Brook 1889) Barbados [84]; Trinidad and Tobago [132]
Antipathes bifaria Brook 1889 Japan [680]; Taiwan [84]
Antipathes boscii Lamouroux 1821 Portugal: Madeira [309]; USA [84]
Antipathes caribbeana Opresko 1996 Bahamas; Barbados; Belize; British Virgin Islands; Colombia; Dominica;
Honduras; Jamaica; Mexico; Panama; Puerto Rico; Virgin Islands of the United States [553a]
Antipathes catharinae Pax 1932
Antipathes ceylonensis (Thomson & Simpson 1905) Seychelles [258]; Sri Lanka [258,734]
Antipathes chamaemorus Pax 1932 Japan
Antipathes chota Forster Cooper 1904 Maldives [257,258]
30
ANTIPATHIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Antipathes columnaris (Duchassaing 1870) Anguilla [552]: Bahamas [552.614]: Barbados [84.612.614]: Brazil
[552]: British Virgin Islands [84.552.614]: Dominica [84.614]: Dominican Republic [552]: Grenadines [84]:
Guadeloupe [84.195.552.614]: Martinique [84.614]; Mexico [552]: Saint Lucia [84.552.614]: Saint Vincent
(84.552.614]: Suriname [552]: United States [125a.613]: Venezuela [552]
Antipathes contorta (Brook 1889)
Antipathes crispa (Brook 1889)
Antipathes cupressus Pallas 1766 Indian Ocean [564]
Antipathes curvata van Pesch 1914 Indonesia[581,683]
Antipathes cylindrica Brook 1889
Antipathes delicatula Schultze 1896 Indonesia[663]
Antipathes densa Silberfeld 1909 Japan [679,680]: Taiwan
Antipathes dichotoma Pallas 1766 Australia [897,898]: China [897,898]; Fiji [319]; France [84,897,898]; Guam
[898]: India [897.898]: Indonesia [897.898]; Italy [84,301,409,897]; Mauritius [243]; Mexico [132]:
Netherlands Antilles [898]: Palau [319]: Philippines [897,898]; Réunion [243]; Sri Lanka [634]: Tonga [319]:
United States: Hawaiian Islands [319,320,898]
Antipathes dubia (Brook 1889) Japan [84]
Antipathes elegans (Brook 1889)
Antipathes ericoides Pallas 1766 Indonesia[581,380,581]; Madagascar [379]
Antipathes erinaceus (Roule 1905) /
Antipathes eupteridea Lamouroux, Bory de Saint Vincent & Deslongchamps 1824 Martinique [84,196,552.614]
Antipathes fernandezii Pourtalés 1874 Chile [84,551,612]
Antipathes fiordensis Grange 1990 New Zealand [288]
Antipathes flabellum Pallas 1766 Indonesia [663]; Madagascar [84]
Antipathes fragilis (Brook 1889) Italy [301]
Antipathes fruticosa Gray 1857 New Zealand [84,309]
Antipathes furcata Gray 1857 Bahamas [552]; Barbados [552]; Bermuda; Mozambique [714]; Portugal: Madeira
[84.309,383,552]
Antipathes galapagensis Deichmann 1941 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [180,479,640,898]
Antipathes gallensis Thomson & Simpson 1905 Sri Lanka [734]
Antipathes glutinata Totton 1923 New Zealand [737]
Antipathes grandiflora Silberfeld 1909 Japan [679,680]
Antipathes grandis Verrill 1928 China [897,898]; Mexico [132]; United States: Hawaiian Islands
(317,319,320,897,898]
Antipathes grayi (Roule 1902) Morocco; Portugal: Azores [648]; Spain: Canary Islands [648]
Antipathes hirta Gray 1857 Barbados [84,551,614]; Bermuda; Grenada [84,551,614]; Guyana [551]; Jamaica
[551]; Martinique [551]; Puerto Rico [551]; Saint Vincent [551]; Trinidad and Tobago [794]: United States
[125a,551]; Venezuela [551]
Antipathes hypnoides (Brook 1889) Mauritius [84]
Antipathes indistincta van Pesch 1914 Indonesia[581,683]
Antipathes intermedia (Brook 1889) Japan [84,898]; Taiwan [898]; United States [154]: including Hawaiian
Islands [320]
Antipathes lata Silberfeld 1909 Japan [679,680]; Korea [685]
Antipathes lenta Pourtalés 1871 Barbados [551,612]; Colombia [551]; Cuba [551]; Honduras [551]; Panama [551];
Saint Vincent [551]; Trinidad and Tobago [551]; United States [551,611]; Venezuela[551]
Antipathes lentipinna Brook 1889 Mozambique [714]; Saudi Arabia [84,552]
Antipathes longibrachiata van Pesch 1914 Indonesia[380]; Japan [679]; Madagascar [379]
Antipathes mediterranea Brook 1889 Italy
Antipathes minor (Brook 1889) Chile [84]
Antipathes myriophylla Pallas 1766 Indonesia [258,309,380]; Madagascar [379]; Mauritius [243]; Philippines
[84,258,309,581];Réunion [243]
Antipathes nilanduensis Forster Cooper 1904 Maldives [257]
Antipathes panamensis Verrill 1869 Colombia [898]; Ecuador: including Galapagos Islands [479,480,553,898];
Panama [84,552,553,781,898]
Antipathes paniculata Esper 1797 Mauritius [84]; Philippines [84]; Sri Lanka [84]
Antipathes pauroclema Pax 1932
Antipathes pectinata Lamarck 1815
Antipathes pedata Gray 1857 Mexico; Panama [552]; Suriname [552]
31
ANTIPATHIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Antipathes pennacea Pallas 1766 Bahamas [552]: Barbados [449.552]; Dominica [552]: Honduras [552]: Indonesia
[581]: Jamaica [548.552]: Martinique [552]: Mexico [552]: Netherlands Antilles [898]; Panama [552]:
Philippines [581]; Saint Helena [84.552]: Trinidad and Tobago [794]: United States [552,611]: Virgin Islands
of the United States [552] [197]
Antipathes plana Forster Cooper 1909 British Indian Ocean Territory [258]: Indonesia
Antipathes plantagenista (Forster Cooper 1904) Maldives [257]
Antipathes pluma Gray 1857
Antipathes pseudodichotoma Silberfeld 1909 Japan [680]
Antipathes punctata Roule 1905 United States: Hawaiian Islands [320]
Antipathes reticulata Esper 1797 Indonesia [683]: Mauritius (243]; Philippines [84]; Reunion [243]
Antipathes rhipidion Pax 1916 Virgin Islands of the United States [574]
Antipathes rigida Pourtalés 1880 Bahamas [551.614]; Barbados [551]; Colombia [551]: Guadeloupe [84]:
Venezuela [551]
Antipathes robillardi Bell 1891 Mauritius [26]
Antipathes rugosa (Thomson & Simpson 1905) Sri Lanka [734]
Antipathes salicoides Summers 1910 Mozambique [714]
Antipathes salix Pourtalés 1880 Guadeloupe [551.614]
Antipathes sarothamnoides (Brook 1889) Vanuatu [84]
Antipathes sarothrum Pax 1932
Antipathes sealarki Forster Cooper 1909
Antipathes sibogae van Pesch 1914 Indonesia[581.663]
Antipathes simplex (Schultze 1896) Indonesia [663]
Antipathes speciosa (Brook 1889) Chile [84]
Antipathes spinescens Gray 1857 Liberia[84]
Antipathes spinosa (Carter 1880) Maldives [257]; Sri Lanka [84,634]
Antipathes squamosa W. Koch 1886
Antipathes stechowi (Pax 1932)
Antipathes strigosa (Brook 1889) New Zealand [84]
Antipathes subpinnata Ellis & Solander 1786 Gibraltar [552]; Italy [301,409]; Portugal [292]: including Madeira
[309,552]
Antipathes tanacetum Pourtalés 1880 Bahamas [551]; Bermuda; Brazil [551]; Colombia [551]; Dominica
(84.551,614]; Grenada [84,614]; Grenadines [84,614]; Martinique [84,551,614]; Montserrat [84,551,614]:
Saint Vincent [551]; Suriname [551]; United States [551]; Venezuela [551]
Antipathes tenuispina (Silberfeld 1909) Indonesia[581]; Japan [679,680]
Antipathes ternatensis Schultze 1896 Indonesia [663]
Antipathes thamnea Warner 1981 Trinidad and Tobago [794]
Antipathes thamnoides Schultze 1896 Indonesia [84]
Antipathes tristis (Duchassaing 1870) Barbados [84,614,714]: Guadeloupe [84,195,714]; Martinique [84,614,714];
Montserrat [84,614,714]; Mozambique [714]; Puerto Rico [329a]; Saint Lucia [84,614]; United States [613]
Antipathes ulex Ellis & Solander 1786 Indonesia[84,58 1]; Philippines [84]; United States: Hawaiian Islands [320]
Antipathes umbratica Opresko 1996 Bahamas; Honduras [553a]
Antipathes valdiviae Pax 1915 India
Antipathes verticillata (Brook 1889) Mauritius [84]
Antipathes viminalis Roule 1902 China [897]; Morocco [648,897,898]
Antipathes virgata Esper 1797 Cape Verde [648]; Mauritius: Cargados Carajos [258]; Philippines [258]; Portugal:
Azores [648], Madeira [648]
Antipathes wollastoni Gray 1857 Portugal: Madeira [84]
Antipathes zoothallus Pax 1932
Aphanipathes Brook 1889 II B -
(Reported from the Caribbean [551], Gulf of Mexico [551], south-east Atlantic [292] and the Indian Ocean [84])
Bahamas [551]; Barbados [84,551]; British Indian Ocean Territory [258]; Cuba [84,551]; Dominica [84]; Grenada
[84,551]; Guadeloupe [84,551]; Indonesia [84,581]; Martinique [84,551]; Mexico [551]; Montserrat [84,551];
Nicaragua [551]; Saint Vincent: including Grenadines [84.551]; Sri Lanka [258]; United States [551]
9 species
Lo
N
ANTIPATHIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Aphanipathes abietina (Pourtalés 1874) Bahamas [551]: Barbados [84.55 1,613]: Martinique [551]: Mexico [551]:
Nicaragua [551]: Saint Vincent [551]: United States [613]
Aphanipathes cancellata Brook 1889 Indonesia[84.581]
Aphanipathes filix (Pourtalés 1867) Bahamas [551]: Barbados [84.551.614]: Cuba [84.551.609]: Dominica
[84.614]: Guadeloupe [84,551.614]: Martinique [84.551]: Montserrat [84.614]; Saint Vincent [84.551.614]:
United States [551]
Aphanipathes hancocki Forster Cooper 1909 British Indian Ocean Territory [258]
Aphanipathes humilis (Pourtalés 1867) Bahamas [551]: Barbados [84.551.612.614]: Cuba [84.551.609]: Grenada
[84.551.614]: Mexico [551]; Montserrat [84.551.614]; Saint Vincent [84,614]: United States [551.613]
Aphanipathes reticulata (van Pesch 1914) Indonesia[581]
Aphanipathes somervillei Forster Cooper 1909 British Indian Ocean Territory [258]
Aphanipathes thyoides (Pourtalés 1880) Cuba [551]: Saint Vincent [84,551.614]
Aphanipathes undulata (van Pesch 1914) Indonesia [683]
Bathypathes Brook 1889 Il B -
(Reported from all oceans [291 ,293.552]. including Antarctic [383,552.570,732]: Atlantic [552,570,571], Caribbean
[552] and western shores of Europe [570]: Indian Ocean [258,570], the Arabian Sea [570] and Bay of Bengal [570]:
north to south Pacific, including Tasman Sea [570]
Australia [84]: Cocos (Keeling) Islands [570]; Cuba [552]; Falkland Islands [570]; India [258,344,581]: including
Nicobar Islands [568]: Indonesia [84,568,570]; Mexico [552]: Morocco [570]; Mozambique [570]; New Zealand
[737]: Papua New Guinea [84]: Portugal: Azores [302]; Puerto Rico [552]; Russian Federation [258]; Saint Kitts
and Nevis: Nevis [552]; Seychelles [570]; Sri Lanka [258,568,581]; United States [552]: including Hawaiian Islands
[84.570]
12 species
Bathypathes alternata Brook 1889 United States: Hawaiian Islands [84]
Bathypathes bifida Thomson 1905 Antarctic(71°22'S 16°34'W) [732]
Bathypathes erotema Schultze 1903 Antarctic (63°16'S 57°51'E) [383]
Bathypathes euantha Pasternak 1958
Bathypathes galatheae Pastemak 1977 Panama [570]
Bathypathes heterorhodzos (Forster Cooper 1909) Cuba [552]; Russian Federation
Bathypathes lyra Brook 1889 India [568]; Indonesia [568]; Portugal: Azores [302]; Seychelles [570]; Sri Lanka
[568]; United States: Hawaiian Islands [570]
Bathypathes patula Brook 1889 Cocos (Keeling) Islands [570]; Falkland Islands [570]; French Southern and
Antarctic Territories: Amsterdam Island [293]; India [258,581]; Indonesia [84,570]; Mexico [552]; Morocco
[570,648]; Mozambique [570]; Papua New Guinea [84]; Portugal: Azores [648]; Puerto Rico [552]; Saint
Kitts and Nevis [570]; Sri Lanka [258,581]; United States: Gulf of Mexico [125a], Hawaii [552,570]
Bathypathes platycaulus Totton 1923 New Zealand [737]
Bathypathes quadribrachiata van Pesch 1914 Indonesia [683]
Bathypathes scoparia Totton 1923 New Zealand
Bathypathes tenuis Brook 1889 Australia[84]
Cirrhipathes Blainville 1830 Il B -
(Reported from the Caribbean [898] and Indo-Pacific [898])
Barbados [449]; China [873,897]; Fiji [84]; Indonesia [84,380,581,897]; Iran [897]; Jamaica [851]; Japan [88];
Korea [685,794]; Maldives [258]; Mauritius: including Rodrigues [243]; Philippines [319]; Réunion [243];
Seychelles [258]; South Africa [897]; Sri Lanka [84,258,897]; Trinidad and Tobago: Trinidad [794]; United States:
Hawaiian Islands [320]
12 species
Cirrhipathes aggregata van Pesch 1914 Indonesia[581,683]
Cirrhipathes anguina (Dana 1848) Fiji [84]; Indonesia [84,380]; Korea [685]; Maldives [257,258]; Mauritius
[243]; Mozambique [714]; Papua New Guinea [84]; Réunion [243]; Seychelles [258]; Sri Lanka [84,258,634];
Taiwan; United States: Hawaiian Islands [320]
Cirrhipathes contorta van Pesch 1910 Indonesia [581,683]
33
ANTIPATHIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Cirrhipathes musculosa van Pesch 1910 China [897.898]: Indonesia [581.683.897.898]
Cirrhipathes nana van Pesch 1910 Indonesia [581.683]
Cirrhipathes rumphii van Pesch 1910 China [897,898]: Indonesia [581.683.898]: Iran [897.898]: South Africa
[897]: Sri Lanka [897]
Cirrhipathes saccula van Pesch 1914 China [873]: Indonesia [581,683]
Cirrhipathes sinensis Zou & Zhou 1984 China [897]
Cirrhipathes solorensis van Pesch 1914 Indonesia [581.683]
Cirrhipathes spiralis (Linnaeus 1758) Barbados [614]; Cuba [614]; Grenada [614]: Indonesia [84,581]: Ireland
[343]; Japan [680]: Maldives [257]; Martinique [614]; Mauritius [243]: Montserrat [614]: Mozambique [714];
Réunion [243]: Saint Vincent [614]; Sri Lanka [84,257,634]; Taiwan; United States: Hawaiian Islands [320]
Cirrhipathes translucens van Pesch 1910 Indonesia[581.683]
Cirrhipathes variabilis van Pesch 1914 Indonesia[683]
Cladopathes Brook 1889 U B -
South Africa: Prince Edward Island [84]
1 species
Cladopathes plumosa Brook 1889
Hexapathes Kinoshita 1910 Il B -
(North-west Pacific [552]) :
Japan [403]
1 species
Hexapathes heterosticha Kinoshita 1910
Hillopathes van Pesch 1914 II B -
(Indo-Pacific)
] species
Hillopathes ramosa (van Pesch 1910)
Leiopathes (Gray 1842) II B -
(Reported from the Atlantic [294], including the Bay of Biscay [294], Gulf of Mexico [552] and Mediterranean
[294,552])
Bahamas [552]; Cape Verde [648]; French Southern and Antarctic Territories: Saint Paul Island [323]; Italy
[301,409]; Malta [309]; Morocco [294,648]; Portugal: Azores [294], Madeira [294,383,552,648]; Spain [294]:
United States: Florida, Hawaiian Islands [294,320,552]
3 species
Leiopathes expansa Johnson 1900 Portugal: Madeira [383]
Leiopathes glaberrima (Esper 1794) Bahamas [552]; French Southern and Antarctic Territories: Saint Paul [293];
Italy [301,409]; Morocco [294]; Portugal: Azores [294], Madeira [294,383,552]; Spain [294]; United States
[294,552]
Leiopathes grimaldii Roule 1902 Cape Verde [648]; Morocco [648]; Portugal: Madeira [648]
Parantipathes Brook 1889 II B =
(Reported from all oceans [293]: Atlantic [291,292,571], including Caribbean [551], Bay of Biscay [291],
Mediterranean [552]; Indo-Pacific [570,685])
ANTIPATHIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Cape Verde [648]: Faeroe Islands: France [344]: Guyana [551]: Indonesia [570,581]: Italy [84.301.409]: Korea
[685]: Malaysia [570]: Martinique [84.196]: Mexico [551]: Morocco [294.648]: New Zealand [757]: Philippines
[581]; Puerto Rico [551]: Saint Lucia [551]: United States [84.551]
About 7 species
Parantipathes laricides van Pesch 1914 Indonesia [581.683]
Parantipathes larix (Esper 1794) Cape Verde [648]; Faeroe Islands: France [344]; Italy [84.301,409]; Martinique
[84.196.197]: Morocco [648]: Philippines [581]
Parantipatheslilliei (Totton 1923) New Zealand [737]
Parantipathes strigosa (Brook 1889)
Parantipathes tetrasticha (Pourtalés 1868) Guyana [551]: Mexico [551]; Puerto Rico [551]; Saint Lucia [551]:
United States [84.551.610]
Parantipathes tristicha van Pesch 1914 Indonesia[581.683]
Parantipathes wolffi Pasternak 1977 Strait of Malacca [570]
Schizopathes Brook 1889 I B -
(Reported from northern Indian Ocean [258], south Atlantic [258] and northern Pacific [320])
France [344]: Indonesia [84]; Papua New Guinea [84]; South Africa: Prince Edward Island [84]: United States:
Hawaiian Islands [320]; Uruguay [84]
4 species
Schizopathes affinis Brook 1889 France; Indonesia [84]; Papua New Guinea [84]
Schizopathes amplispina Opresko 1997 Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar, 21°18'S 36°18'E [553]
Schizopathes conferta Brook 1889 South Africa: Prince Edward Island [84]; United States: Hawaiian Islands [320]
Schizopathes crassa Brook 1889 France [344]; Uruguay [84]
Sibopathes van Pesch 1914 I] B -
Indonesia: Timor [581]; Gulf of Mexico [553a]
2 species
Sibopathes gephura van Pesch 1914 Indonesia[581,683]; Gulf of Mexico [125a]
Sibopathes macrospina Opresko 1993 Gulf of Mexico [125a,553a]
Stichopathes Brook 1889 II B -
(Atlantic [291,294], including Bay of Biscay [290]; Indo-Pacific [258,291,873], including north-east Pacific [555]
and South China Sea [873])
Australia [84,311]; Barbados [449]; British Indian Ocean Territory [258]; China [873]; Djibouti [414]; India:
Andaman Islands [258]; Indonesia [570,581]; Japan [570,680]; Madagascar [379]; Mauritius [84,258]; Morocco
[291]; Netherlands Antilles [163]; Philippines [581]; Portugal: Azores [291,302], Madeira [84,291,383 ,648]; Saint
Helena [84]; Seychelles [258]; Sri Lanka [258,734]; Trinidad and Tobago: Trinidad [794]; United States [278]:
including Hawaiian Islands [320]
18 species
Stichopathes abyssicola Roule 1902 China [873]; Morocco [291,294]; Portugal: Azores [291], Madeira [291,648]
Stichopathes alcocki Forster Cooper 1909 Sri Lanka [258]
Stichopathes bournei Forster Cooper 1909 China [873]
Stichopathes ceylonensis Thomson & Simpson 1905 China [873]; Indonesia [581]; Sri Lanka [734]
Stichopathes contorta Thomson & Simpson 1905 China [873]; Sri Lanka [734]
Stichopathes echinulata Brook 1889 Djibouti [414]; Indonesia: Moluccas [380]; Madagascar [379]: Mauritius
[84,258]; Mozambique [714]; Seychelles [258]; Sri Lanka [734]; United States: Hawaiian Islands [320]
Stichopathes filiformis (Gray 1868) Australia [84,311]; China [873]; Japan [679]; Portugal: Madeira [648]; Saint
Helena [84]
35
ANTIPATHIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Stichopathes flagellum (Brook 1889) China [873]; Mozambique [714]: Portugal: Madeira [648]
Stichopathes gracilis (Gray 1857) Fiji [714]: France [344]: Indonesia [581]: Ireland [343]: Jamaica [794]:
Mozambique [714]: Netherlands Antilles [163]: Portugal: Azores [302]. Madeira [84.383]: Seychelles:
Amirantes [258,714]; Sri Lanka [714.734]: United States [125a]
Stichopathes longispina Forster Cooper 1909 Seychelles [258]
Stichopathes lutkeni Brook 1889 Barbados [449]: Bermuda: Trinidad and Tobago: Trinidad [794]
Stichopathes papillosa Thomson & Simpson 1905 India: Andaman Islands [258]; Sri Lanka [258.734]
Stichopathes paucispina (Brook 1889) Opal Seamount (30°30'N 121°54'W); Philippines [581]
Stichopathes regularis Forster Cooper 1904 British Indian Ocean Territory [258]; Maldives [257]; Sri Lanka [258]
Stichopathes semiglabra (van Pesch 1914) China [873]; Indonesia [683]: Sulawesi [581]
Stichopathes seychellensis Forster Cooper 1909 Seychelles [258]
Stichopathes spiessi Opresko & Genin 1990 Fieberling Seamount (32°26'N 127°47'W); Jasper Seamount (30°26'N
122°43'W)
Stichopathes variabilis (van Pesch 1914) Indonesia[570,58 1]: Japan [570]
Taxipathes Brook 1889 I] B -
Saint Helena: Ascension Island [84]
1 species
Taxipathes recta Brook 1889
Tropidopathes Silberfeld 1909 I B -
Japan [679,680]
1 species
Tropidopathes saliciformis Silberfeld 1909
Order SCLERACTINIA
Family ASTROCOENIIDAE Koby 1890
Actinastrea d'Orbigny 1849 II B -
(Antilles)
United States: Florida [151,611]
1 species [151]
Actinastrea pectinata (Pourtalés 1871)
Stephanocoenia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 I B -
(Caribbean [608,833] to Brazil [420]; Bermuda [682,847])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Smith [682] and Wood [847]
Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Bahamas [690]; Barbados [448]; Belize [102]; Bermuda {191,381,418,785,787];
Brazil [420]; British Virgin Islands [214]; Cayman Islands [250]; Colombia [235,615]; Costa Rica [158]; Cuba
[416,889]; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Grenada; Guadeloupe; Haiti; Honduras [250]; Jamaica [284,833];
Martinique [70]; Mexico [74,375a,381]; Montserrat; Netherlands Antilles [653]; Nicaragua; Panama [169,608];
Puerto Rico [10a]; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Trinidad and Tobago;
Turks and Caicos; United States: Florida [381]; Venezuela [14]; Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
A small or medium-sized coral, occurring on most reefs [847]
1 species [766b] or 3 species [151]
Stephanocoenia intersepta(Esper 1795) Blushing Star Coral, Small-eyed Star Coral
36
ASTROCOENIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Stlocoeniella Yabe & Sugivama 1935 Il B -
Thorn coral
(Red Sea [661]. East Africa [329]. Indian Ocean north to Maldives [832] and Mergui Archipelago, south to
Madagascar [587]. Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763] and Houtman Abrolhos Islands off western Australia [761].
South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean. north to southern Japan [231]. south to Lord Howe Island, east to Northem
Marianas, Marshall Islands and Tuamotu Archipelago (244, 761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]: Australia; Bahrain [16.95]: British Indian Ocean Territory [644.674,832]: Brunei: China
[668]; Christmas Island: Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Comoros: Cook Islands; Djibouti; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia:
Federated States of Micronesia: Fiji: French Polynesia [148,244]: Guam; Indonesia [735a]; Japan [765]: Kenya:
Kiribati: Madagascar [587.591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]: Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands
[807]: Mauritius [242]: Mozambique [68]; Myanmar: Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Northern Marianas:
Oman [675]; Palau [221]: Papua New Guinea: Philippines [768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]; Réunion [69]; Samoa:
Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore [800]: Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; Sudan [661]; Taiwan
[171]; Tanzania [470]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga: Tuvalu; Vanuatu [762]; Wallis and Futuna
Stylocoeniella is unusual because it forms large colonies only on temperate reefs (e.g. southern Australia), near the
limit of coral reef distribution. On tropical reefs it is uncommon and forms only small encrusting colonies [761].
At least 3 species [764,766b] or about 5 species [151]
Stylocoeniella armata (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) American Samoa [430]; Australia [800]; British Indian
Ocean Territory [644,672.674]; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a]; French Polynesia; Indonesia [735a]; Japan
[800,969]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Marshall Islands [465]; Mauritius [242]; Palau [221];
Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Réunion [69,242]: Singapore [800]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [470]
Stylocoeniellacocosensis Veron 1990 Cocos (Keeling) Islands [764,766a]; Japan [764]
Stylocoeniella guentheri (Bassett-Smith 1890) Australia; British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674]; Cocos (Keeling)
Islands [766a]; China; French Polynesia [593]; Indonesia [735a]; Japan [739]; Madagascar [674]; Malaysia:
Sabah [848]: Maldives [674.832]; Marshall Islands; Mozambique [637d]; Oman [675]; Papua New Guinea;
Philippines [535,768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]; Réunion [69]; Saudi Arabia [15,674]; Seychelles [674,845]:
Taiwan [171]; Thailand [674]; Vanuatu; Vietnam
Family POCILLOPORIDAE Gray 1842 (= SERIATOPORIDAE Milne Edwards and Haime 1849
[151])
Madracis Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 Il B -
(Cosmopolitan, widely distributed throughout most temperate and tropical seas: 42-421 m [126a]. Western Atlantic,
Caribbean [101,608,833] to Brazil, Azores, Cape Verde, Gulf of Guinea [420]. Mediterranean. Red Sea [661],
Persian Gulf, Arabian Gulf [95]. Indian and Pacific Oceans to Hawaiian Islands [186], Galapagos Islands and
Pacific coast of America [217])
Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Aruba [219]; Australia [766]; Bahamas [381]; Bahrain [16,95]; Barbados [448];
Belize [102]; Bermuda [191]; Brazil [420]; British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674,832]; British Virgin Islands
[214]; Brunei; Cape Verde [40,728]; Cayman Islands; Chile; Colombia [235]; Costa Rica [158]; Cuba [416,889];
Cyprus [880c]; Dominica [614]; Dominican Republic; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [826,827]; Equatorial Guinea:
Pagalu [273]; French Polynesia [148]; Greece [744a]; Grenada [614]; Guadeloupe [614]; Haiti; Honduras [250];
Indonesia [735a]; Israel [661,880c]; Italy [190]; Jamaica [833]; Japan [123,766]; Kuwait [35la]; Madagascar
[587,591]; Malaysia: Sabah [848]; Malta [880c]; Marshall Islands [123,807]; Martinique [70]; Mauritius [242];
Mexico [241,375a]; Montserrat [614]; Mozambique [123; Myanmar; Netherlands Antilles [653]; Nicaragua; Oman
[675]; Palau [868]; Panama [608]; Papua New Guinea [766]; Philippines [768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]; Portugal:
Azores [728], Madeira [118,503]; Puerto Rico [746]; Saint Kitts and Nevis [614]; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines [614]; Saudi Arabia [95]; Singapore; Spain: Canary Islands [118]; Taiwan; Thailand [186,794];
Trinidad and Tobago; Tunisia [880c]; Turkey [880c]; Turks and Caicos; United States: Florida [611], Hawaiian
Islands [464]; Venezuela; Vietnam [766]; Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
There are probably 6 species in the Caribbean, where Madracis is a fairly common reef-building (hermatypic) coral
[847]. In the Indo-Pacific there is probably only one reef-building species (M. kirbyi). This species is rare and
inconspicuous.
POCILLOPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
4 [766b]-12- c. 20 [151 ]species
Madracis asanoi Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 Japan [766]: Palau [868]; Philippines [126a]
Madracis asperula Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 Aruba [219]; Barbados [448]: Brazil [520]; Cape Verde
[40.520]: Colombia [235]: Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [219.827]: Granada [614]: Jamaica [284.380a]:
Mexico [74]: Portugal: Madeira [208.709]; Puerto Rico [746]: Saint Kitts and Nevis [614]; Saint Vincent
[614]: United States [611.613]
Madracis brueggemanni (Ridley 1881)
Madracis decactis (Lyman 1859) Green Cactus Coral, Ten-rayed Star Coral Bahamas; Barbados [448.612]:
Belize [102]; Bermuda [191.418,621,787]; Brazil [419.420]; Cape Verde [40]; Cayman Islands [250]:
Colombia [235]: Cuba [416.889]; Cyprus [880c]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [827]: Greece [744a]: Honduras
[250]; Israel [880c]; Italy [190]: Jamaica [284]: Malta [880c]; Martinique [70]; Mexico [74,241.375a]:
Netherlands Antilles [653]: Panama [169]: Portugal: Azores, Madeira [880c]: Saint Lucia: Tunisia [880c]:
Turkey [880c]: United States [611]; Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Madracis formosa Wells 1973 Cayman Islands [250]; Cuba [889]; United States [790a]
Madracis interjecta Marenzeller 1907
Madracis kauaiensis Vaughan 1907 Mauritius [242]: United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751]
Madracis kirbyi Veron & Pichon 1976 Australia [761,766]; British Indian Ocean Territory [674]; French Polynesia
[593]; Indonesia [735a]; Kuwait [35 1a]; Malaysia [766]: Sabah [848]; Oman [675]; Papua New Guinea [766]:
Philippines [768]; Taiwan; Thailand [186,744]; Vietnam [766]
Madracis mirabilis (Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860) Yellow Pencil Coral Bahamas; Barbados [614]: Belize
[102]; Bermuda [191]; Brazil [419]; Cayman Islands [250]; Colombia [235]; Dominica [614]; Granada [614]:
Guadeloupe [614]; Honduras [250]; Jamaica; Martinique [70]; Mexico [74,375a]; Monserrat [614]:
Netherlands Antilles [653]; Puerto Rico [746]; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [614]; United
States; Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Madracis myriaster (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850) Mexico [74,375a]; United States
Madracis profunda Zibrowius 1980 Portugal
Madracis senaria Wells 1974 Cuba [889]
Palauastrea Yabe & Sugiyama 1941 Il B -
(Houtman Abrolhos Islands off western Australia [770]; Malaysia [848]; Philippines [768]: north to Ryukyu
Archipelago, east to Palau; south to north-facing coasts of Java, Sumatra, Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea. Great
Barrier Reef [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
Australia [766]; India [766]; Indonesia [735a]; Japan [765]; Malaysia: Sabah [848]; Palau [870]; Papua New Guinea
[766]; Philippines [768]; Singapore; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [766]
Restricted to sheltered reef areas on a sandy substratum where it may be common; otherwise not abundant. This
coral is often confused underwater with Porites and may be more widely distributed [761,847]. Chevalier (1987)
[151] treated Palauastrea as a synonym of Stylophora.
1 species [766b]
Palauastrearamosa Yabe & Sugiyama 1941
Pocillopora Lamarck 1816 Il B -
Brown Stem Coral, Cauliflower Coral
(Red Sea [661], Persian Gulf, East and South Africa [12,15]. Indian Ocean, north to Arabian Gulf [95],
Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui Archipelago, south to Madagascar, Cocos (Keeling)
Islands and south-western tip of Australia [761]. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to Japan [231], Midway
Islands, Hawaiian Islands and California [691], south to Lord Howe Island and Kermadec Islands, east to Pitcairn
Islands [761], Easter Island, Galapagos Islands and Colombia [217])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [758a,766]; Bahrain [95]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]; Brunei;
Chile: Easter Island [820]; China [668,894,895]: Christmas Island [29]; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Colombia
[615]; Comoros; Cook Islands [485]; Costa Rica [158]; Djibouti [298]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [827]; Egypt
38
POCILLOPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
[661]: Ethiopia: Federated States of Micronesia [595]: Fiji [359]: French Polynesia [148.244.554]: Gibraltar [380a]:
Guam: India [598.602]: Indonesia [735a]: Iran: Israel [64.458]: Japan [765]: Jordan [661]: Kenya [329]: Kiribati
[463.872a]: Madagascar [587.591]: Malaysia: Peninsular [36]. Sabah [848]: Maldives [605.674]: Marshall Islands
[465.807]: Mauritius [242.674]: Mexico [375a.776]: Mozambique [68.845]; Myanmar [212]; Nauru: New
Caledonia [850]: New Zealand: Kermadec Islands [413]: Niue: Northern Marianas [841]: Oman [675]: Palau [221]:
Panama [691]: Papua New Guinea [766]: Philippines [768]: Pitcairn Islands [572]; Qatar: Réunion [69a]; Samoa:
Saudi Arabia [15]: Seychelles [606.674.845]: Singapore [617]: Solomon Islands [796]: Somalia: South Africa
[637d]: Sri Lanka [558]: Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]: Thailand [186.744]: Tokelau; Tonga: Tuvalu
[261.835]: United Arab Emirates [95.677]; United States: Gulf of California [464], Hawaiian Islands [464]: United
States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467]; Vanuatu [762.766]: Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna: Yemen
[654]
A hardy. reef-building coral. P. damicornis, P. verrucosa and P. eyvdouxi are the commonest and most widely
distributed species.
Approximately 35 nominal species: an estimated 7-10 valid species [761,766b] or 25 species [151]
Pocilloporaankeli Scheer & Pillai 1974 American Samoa [430]: India [602.659]
Pocilloporacapitata Verrill 1864 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [827]; Mexico [216,219.63 1b,691.781]
= P. elegans [375a]
Pocilloporaclavaria Ehrenberg 1834 Mozambique [674]; Tuvalu [261]
Pocillopora damicornis (Linnaeus 1758) American Samoa [430]; Australia [758a,766,792b]: British Indian Ocean
Territory [644,672]; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a]; Chile: Easter I. [820]; Colombia [219]: Costa Rica [691];
Djibouti [298]; Ecuador [219,691]: Galapagos Islands [827]; Federated States of Micronesia [841]; Fiji
(261,359,621,776]; French Polynesia [148,593]; Guam; India [599,602.604.659]: Indonesia
(25,621,735a,741]; Israel [674]; Japan [739,869]: Kenya [329]; Kiribati [463,872a]; Madagascar [674];
Malaysia: Peninsular [36]; Sabah [848]; Maldives [605]; Marshall Islands [465]; Mauritius [242.674]: Mexico
[375a,63 1b,691]; Mozambique [637d.674]; New Caledonia [261,482]; New Zealand: Kermadec Is [413,753];
Northern Mariana Islands [841]; Oman [675]; Palau [841]; Panama [219,691,781]; Papua New Guinea [766]:
Philippines [621,768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]; Réunion [69,242]; Saudi Arabia [15,674]; Seychelles [606,845];
Singapore [359,617,710.776]:Solomon Islands [513]; South A frica [167]; Sri Lanka [359,634]; Taiwan [171];
Tanzania [329,430]; Thailand [674,701,744]; Tuvalu [261]; United States: Hawaiian Is [359]; United States
minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467]; Vanuatu [19a,621,766]; Vietnam [436]
Pocilloporadiomedeae Vaughan 1906 Chile: Easter I. [748,820]
Pocillopora eydouxi Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 American Samoa [329,430,603]; Australia [604,766]; British
Indian Ocean Territory [672]; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a]; Cook Islands [485]; Fiji [261,359]; French
Polynesia [148,593,621]; India [602,659]; Indonesia [735a,741]; Japan [766,?869]; Kiribati [463,872a];
Madagascar [674]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36,604]; Maldives [605]; Marshall Islands [465]; Mauritius
[242,674]; Mozambique [637d,674]; New Caledonia [261,482]; Papua New Guinea [766]; Philippines [768];
Pitcairn Islands [572]; Réunion [69,242]; Seychelles [21,674]; Solomon Islands [604]; South Africa [637d];
Sri Lanka [634]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [714a]; Thailand [674,744]; Tuvalu [261]; United States: Hawaiian
Is [604,?751]; United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467]; Vanuatu [766]; Vietnam [766]
Pocilloporafrondosa Verrill 1869 United States: Hawaiian Is [751]
Pocillopora informis Dana 1848 Mozambique [674]; United States: Hawaiian Is [751]
Pocillopora ligulata Dana 1848 French Polynesia [148]; India [599,602]; Indonesia [735a]; Maldives [605];
Mozambique [674]; Tuvalu [261]; United States: Hawaiian Is [621,751]
Pocillopora mauritiana Briiggemann 1878 Mauritius [242,674]
Pocillopora meandrina Dana 1848 Australia [766]; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a]; French Polynesia: Clipperton
Island [339]; India [659]; Indonesia [735a]; Japan [766,869]; Kiribati [463]; Maldives [674]; Marshall Islands
[465]; Mexico [375a,691]; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea [766]; Philippines [768]; Solomon Islands [513];
Taiwan [171]; Thailand [674,744]; Tuvalu [261]; United States: Hawaiian Is [751]; United States minor
outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467]; Vanuatu [766]; Vietnam [766]
Pocilloporamolokensis Vaughan 1907 Kiribati [463]; Maldives [605]; United States: Hawaiian Islands [751]
Pocilloporaplicata Dana 1848 United States: Hawaiian Islands [621]
Pocillopora setchelli Hoffmeister 1929 Federated States of Micronesia [841]; French Polynesia [841]; Japan
[841,869]; Mauritius [242]; Northern Mariana Islands [841]; Réunion [69]
Pocilloporasolida Quelch 1886 French Polynesia [593,621]; Malaysia: Peninsular [604]
Pocilloporasquarrosa Dana 1848 Fiji[776]; Indonesia [621]; Tuvalu [261]
Pocilloporasymmetrica Thiel 1932 Indonesia[728]
39
POCILLOPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Pocillopora verrucosa (Ellis & Solander 1786) American Samoa [430]: Australia [595,766.792b]: British Indian
Ocean Territory [644.672]: Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a]: Chile: Easter I. [820]: Ecuador [219.691]:
Galapagos Islands [827]: Fiji [261.595]: Federated States of Micronesia [595]; French Polynesia [148.593]
including Clipperton I. [339]: India [595.602]; Indonesia [25.735a.74 1]; Israel [674]: Japan [739.869]: Kenya
[329]: Kiribati [463.872a]: Madagascar: Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]: Maldives [605]; Marshall
Islands [465]: Mauritius [242.674]; Mexico [375a.631b.69 1.776]: Mozambique [637d.674]; Myanmar [212]:
Oman [675]: Palau [221]: Panama [691.781]: Papua New Guinea [766]; Philippines [621,768]; Pitcaim
Islands [572]; Réunion [69.242]; Saudi Arabia [15,674]: Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore [595.617,710]:
Solomon Islands [513]; South Africa [637d]; Sri Lanka [560]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329,470], Thailand
[744]; Tuvalu [835]; United States: Hawaiian Is [595,621]; Vanuatu [19a,766]; Vietnam [436]; Yemen [654]
Pocillopora woodjonesi Vaughan 1918 American Samoa [430]: Australia [766]; Cocos (Keeling) Islands
[754.766a]: French Polynesia [593]: India [602]; Indonesia [735a]: Japan [766]: Malaysia [766]: Papua New
Guinea [766]; Philippines [768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]; Reunion [69a]; Taiwan [171]; Vietnam [436]
Seriatopora Lamarck 1816 II B -
(Red Sea [661]. East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean north to Maldives [832], Andaman and Nicobar
Islands and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Ningaloo Reefs (western
Australia). South-East Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Lord Howe Island, east to Phoenix
Islands and Samoa [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [770,766]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]; Brunei; China [668];
Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Comoros; Djibouti [298]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States
of Micronesia; Fiji [820]; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a]; Israel [458,661]; Japan [765]; Jordan; Kenya
[329]; Kiribati [872a]; Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674];
Marshall Islands [465,807]; Mauritius [242,674]; Mozambique [68]; Myanmar; Nauru; New Caledonia [850];
Northern Marianas; ?Oman [675 but see 651a]; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea [766]; Philippines [768]; Pitcaim
Islands [572]; Réunion; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore [820]: Solomon Islands [796];
Somalia; South Africa [820]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tuvalu;
Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [766]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
26 nominal species, about 5-6 valid species [766,766b] or about 15 species [151]
Seriatopora caliendrum Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 Australia [766], Djibouti [298], Egypt [89], Indonesia
[735a], Israel [674], Japan [766,869], Madagascar [89], Malaysia [766]: Sabah [848], Mauritius [242,674],
Mozambique [637d], ?0man [675 but see 651a], Papua New Guinea [766], Philippines [621,768], Saudi
Arabia [655], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore [89], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu [766],
Vietnam [766]
Seriatoporacrassa Quelch 1886 India [602,659], Philippines [621] 2= S. hystrix
Seriatopora hystrix Dana 1848 Needle Coral American Samoa [430], Australia [758a,766,792b], British indian
Ocean Territory [672,674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Fiji [89.621], India [602,659], Indonesia
[25,728,735a,741], Israel [674], Japan [766,869], Kenya, Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah
[848], Maldives [674,832], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], New
Caledonia [482], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea [766], Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15,674], Seychelles
[674,845], Singapore [617], Solomon Islands [513], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [329,470], Thailand [674,744],
Vanuatu [19a,766], Vietnam [766]
Seriatoporalineata (Linnaeus 1758) New Caledonia [261]
Seriatopora spinosa Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 Israel [674], Tuvalu [261]
Seriatoporastellata Quelch 1886 Fiji [621,841], India [602,659], Marshall Islands [841], Mauritius [242,674]
Seriatoporastricta Briggemann 1877 British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], South Africa [89]
Stylophora Schweigger 1819 Il B -
Hood Coral
(Red Sea [661], Persian Gulf, East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Arabian Gulf [95],
Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar and Shark Bay
(western Australia). South-East Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to Japan, south to Lord Howe Island, east to Line Islands
[761], Tuamotu Archipelago and Pitcairn Islands)
40
POCILLOPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]: Australia [770.766]: Bahrain [95]: British Indian Ocean Territory [644.674.832]: Brunei:
China [668]: Christmas Island: Comoros: Cook Islands: Djibouti [298]: Egypt [661]: Ethiopia: Federated States of
Micronesia: Fiji [595]: French Polynesia [148.244]; Guam: India [598.602]: Indonesia [735a]; Iran: Israel
[458.661]: Japan [765]: Jordan: Kenya [329]: Kiribati [872a]; Kuwait [35la]: Madagascar [587.591]; Malaysia:
Peninsular [36]. Sabah [848]: Maldives [605.674]: Marshall Islands [465.807]; Mauritius [242.674]: Mozambique
[68.845]: Myanmar: Nauru: New Caledonia [850]: Niue: Northern Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau (221]; Papua New
Guinea [766]: Philippines [768]: Pitcairn Islands: Qatar; Reunion [69a]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles
[606,674,845]; Singapore [557]: Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia: South Africa [637d]; Sri Lanka: Sudan [661]:
Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]: Thailand [186,744]: Tokelau: Tonga: Tuvalu [835]; United Arab Emirates [95,677].
Vanuatu [762]: Vietnam [766]: Wallis and Futuna; Yemen [654]
24 nominal species: 4-5 valid species [761.766b] or about 15 species [ 151]
Stylophoracompressa Gardiner 1898 New Caledonia [262]
Stvlophora kuehlmanni Scheer & Pillai 1983
Snlophoralobata Gardiner 1898 New Caledonia [262]
Snlophoramamillata Scheer & Pillai 1983
Stylophora mordax (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430]. Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [674],
Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji [595], India [595,599,659,674], Indonesia [741], Japan, Kenya [329],
Kiribati [463], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [595],
Mauritius [242,674], New Caledonia [482], Palau [221], Reunion [69,69a.242], Seychelles [606,845],
Singapore [617], Tanzania [329] = S. pistillata [277]
Stylophora pistillata (Esper 1797) Australia [75 8a,766,792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [674], Djibouti [298],
Federated States of Micronesia [557], Fiji [621]. French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [25,735a,741], India [602],
Israel [674], Japan [766,869], Kiribati [463], Kuwait [351a], Madagascar [674], Malaysia [766]: Sabah [848],
Maldives [605,832], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242.674], Mozambique [637d,674,845], New
Caledonia [482], Oman [675], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea [766], Philippines [768], Réunion [69.242],
Saudi Arabia [15,674], Seychelles [503,674,845], Singapore [557,710], Solomon Islands [513], South Africa
[167.637d], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [329,470,503], Thailand [674,744], Tonga [621], Tuvalu [835], Vanuatu
[766], Vietnam [766], Yemen [654]
Styvlophorarugosa Gardiner 1898 New Caledonia [262]
Snlophorastellata Verrill 1864 Kiribati [557]
Stylophorawellsi Scheer 1964 Israel [674], Saudi Arabia [15,655]
Family ACROPORIDAE Verrill 1902
Acropora Oken 1815 Il B -
Table Coral, Bush Coral, Staghorn Coral
(Caribbean [608,833]. Red Sea [661], Persian Gulf, East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean north to Arabian
Gulf [95], Gulf of Kutch (north-west India), Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui Archipelago; south to
Madagascar, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and south-western tip of Australia. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean; north to
southern Japan, Midway Islands and Hawaiian Islands; south to Lord Howe Island, Kermadec Islands and Pitcairn
Islands [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda [889]; Aruba [889]; Australia [770]; Bahamas [690];
Bahrain [95]; Barbados [448]; Belize [102]; Bermuda [336c]; Brazil [420]; British Indian Ocean Territory
[644,674,832]; British Virgin Islands [214]; Brunei; Cayman Islands [250]; China [668,894,895]; Christmas Island
[29]; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Colombia [235,615]; Comoros; Cook Islands [485,792a]; Costa Rica [158];
Cuba [416.889]; Djibouti [298]; Dominica [889]; Dominican Republic; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [87]; Egypt
[661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia [557]; Fiji [359]; French Polynesia [148.244]; Grenada; Guadeloupe
[889]; Guam; Haiti [889]; Honduras [250,736]; India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a]; Iran; Israel [458,661]; Jamaica
[833]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati [463,872a]; Kuwait [35a]; Madagascar [587,591];
Malaysia: Peninsular [604], Sabah [585,848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands [465,807]; Martinique [70];
Mauritius [242,674]; Mexico [241,375a]; Montserrat; Mozambique [68,845]; Myanmar [212]; Nauru; Netherlands
4]
ACROPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Antilles [653]: New Caledonia [850]: Nicaragua: Niue [792a]: Northern Marianas: Oman [675]: Palau [221]:
Panama [608]: Papua New Guinea [359]: Philippines [768]: Pitcairn Islands [572]: Puerto Rico [10a.746]: Qatar:
Réunion [69a]: Saint Kitts and Nevis [889]: Saint Lucia [639]: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [889]: Samoa:
Saudi Arabia [15]: Seychelles [606.674.845]: Singapore [617]: Solomon Islands [796]: Somalia; South Africa
[637d]: Sri Lanka [558]: Sudan [661]: Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]: Thailand [186.744]: Tokelau: Tonga [792]:
Trinidad and Tobago [889]; Turks and Caicos; Tuvalu [557.835]; United Arab Emirates [95,677]; United States:
California, Florida [611]. Hawaiian Islands [464]: United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467]:
Vanuatu [762]: Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]; Venezuela [14]; Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna;
Yemen [654]
Acropora is one of the commonest and most widespread reef-building genera.
There are 368 nominal species but variability within species has led to considerable taxonomic confusion. The true
number is unknown, but is at least 150 [766b] or about 200 [151]. Only 3 species occur in the western Atlantic
[847]. the rest in the Indo-Pacific. 76 species have been recognised from Australia[761.
Acropora abrolhosensis Veron 1985 Australia. Indonesia [735a], Japan, Vanuatu
Acropora acervata (Dana 1848) Australia[87], French Polynesia [87], Singapore [87,710,776], Sri Lanka [87,558].
Tonga [87]
Acropora aculeus (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [87,792], Fiji [792], Indonesia [735a], Japan
[739], Malaysia: Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique [637d], Papua New Guinea [87],
Philippines [87,768], Singapore [87,710,776], South A frica [637c,637d], Sri Lanka [87,558], Thailand
[674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Acropora acuminata (Verrill 1864) Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Kiribati [776], Marshall Islands [465],
Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [572], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Viemam
Acropora akajimensis Veron 1990 Japan [764], Philippines [764]
Acroporaalces (Dana 1848) Mauritius [242,674]
Acropora anthocercis (Brook 1893) Australia [86,87], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Madagascar [87], Mozambique
[637d,674], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15], South Africa [637c.637d], Taiwan
[171], Vanuatu, Vienam = A. tenuis [792]
Acropora appressa (Ehrenberg 1834) India [599,659], Indonesia [558,621], Mauritius [242,674], Seychelles [86],
Singapore [558,710,776], Sri Lanka [558], Tanzania [470]
Acropora arabensis Hodgson & Carpenter 1995 Kuwait [35 la]
Acropora aspera (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [87,792,792b], British Indian Ocean Territory
[672,674], Christmas Island [29], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Fiji [87,776], India [599,602], Indonesia
[735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Myanmar [212,674], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [87,621 768,788],
Saudi Arabia [15], Solomon Islands [513], Taiwan [171], Thailand [701,744], Tonga [87], Vanuatu [19a],
Vietnam [436] = ? (name predated by Madrepora aspera Ellis & Solander 1786)
Acropora attenuata (Brook 1893) British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674]
Acropora austera (Dana 1848) Australia [792], Fiji [262], French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [735a], Japan,
Madagascar, Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique [637c,637d], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi
Arabia [15], Singapore [87,710,776], South Africa [637c,637d], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu,
Vietnam
Acropora azurea Veron & Wallace 1984 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Taiwan [171]
Acropora branchi Rieg| 1995 Mozambique [637b,637d], South A frica [637b,637d]
Acropora brueggemanni (Brook 1891) American Samoa [430], Australia [85,87,792], Indonesia [735a], Japan,
Malaysia, Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique [674], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768],
Seychelles [674], Singapore [85,87,617], Tanzania [7 14a], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Acropora bushyensis Veron & Wallace 1984 Australia, Indonesia [735a], ?Vietnam
Acropora capillaris (Klunzinger 1879) Australia [87], Indonesia [621], Israel [674]
Acroporacardenae Wells 1987 Australia[792a,830]
Acropora carduus (Dana 1848) Australia [792], Fiji [87,792]. French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [735a], Japan,
Malaysia: Sabah [848], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea [87], Philippines [768], Thailand [744], Vanuatu
= ? (name predated by Madreporacarduus Ellis & Solander 1786)
Acropora caroliniana Nemenzo 1976 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Papua New Guinea, Philippines[768], Vanuatu
Acropora cerealis (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [87,792], Federated States of Micronesia [557],
Fiji [87,792], Indonesia (87,735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Maldives [602], Marshall Islands [465],
Mauritius [87,242,674], Mozambique [674], Palau [87], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [674],
Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [87,606], Singapore [87,710,776], Solomon Islands [513], Taiwan [171],
ACROPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Thailand [674.744]. Tonga [87.792]. United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467], Vanuatu.
Vietnam [436]
Acropora cervicornis (Lamarck 1816) Staghorn Coral Antigua and Barbuda [889], Aruba [889]. Bahamas.
Barbados [448]. Belize [102]. British Virgin Islands. Cayman Islands [250]. Colombia [235], Cuba [889],
Haiti [889]. Honduras [250.736]. Jamaica (284.380a]. Martinique [70], Mexico [241.375a]. Mozambique
[674]. Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169]. Puerto Rico [10a], Saint Kitts and Nevis [87], Saint Lucia
[889]. United States [611]. Trinidad and Tobago [889]. Venezuela [889]. Virgin Islands of the United States
[640a]
Acropora ceylonica (Ortmann 1889) India [599]. Sri Lanka [87.558]
Acropora chesterfieldensis Veron & Wallace 1984 Australia, Vanuatu
Acropora clathrata (Brook 1891) American Samoa [430]. Australia [792], British Indian Ocean Territory
[672.674]. Christmas Island [29], French Polynesia [148.593,748]. Indonesia [735a], Japan, Kuwait [35 la].
Maldives [605]. Mauritius [85.87.242.674]. Mozambique [637c.637d], Oman [675], Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [768], Réunion [69], Saudi Arabia [674], Seychelles [674], South Africa [637c,637d], Sri Lanka
[86,87.792]. Taiwan [171], Tanzania [7 14a], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Viemam,
Acropora copiosa Nemenzo 1967 Japan, Philippines[768], Vanuatu
Acropora crassa (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860) Australia [558], Ecuador: Galapagos [87.827], Federated States
of Micronesia [558]
Acropora crateriformis (Gardiner 1898) American Samoa [430], New Caledonia [262]
Acropora cuneata (Dana 1848) Australia [87,758a,792b], Federated States of Micronesia [85,87], Fiji [87.621].
Indonesia [25,85,87,735a], Japan, Marshall Islands [465], New Caledonia [262], Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [85,87,768], Seychelles [674], Solomon Islands [87], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [329,470]. Tuvalu
[557], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Acropora cuspidata (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Federated States of Micronesia [87,558]. Fiji [87].
French Polynesia [87,593,776]
Acropora cyclopea (Dana 1848) Bahamas [87] 2= A. robusta
Acropora cytherea (Dana 1848) Table Coral American Samoa [86,430,603], Australia [87,758a,792,792b],British
Indian Ocean Territory [86,87,644,672], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Djibouti [298], Fiji [86,359,788],
French Polynesia [?86,87,148,593], India [87,602,659], Indonesia [87,735a], Israel [674], Japan, Kiribati
[463], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465]. Mauritius
[85,87,242.674], Mozambique [637c,637d,674], New Caledonia [482], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768].
Pitcaim Islands [572], Réunion [69.242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [86,87,674.845], Singapore
[86.87,792], Solomon Islands [87,558], South Africa [637c], Sri Lanka [558,634], Sudan, Taiwan [171].
Tanzania [470,714a], Thailand [674,701,744], Tuvalu [835], United States, United States minor outlying
islands: Johnston Atoll [467], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436], Yemen [87]
Acropora danai (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860) American Samoa [430], Australia [792,792b], British Indian
Ocean Territory [672,674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Federated States of Micronesia [714b], Fiji
[262,776], French Polynesia [87,148,593], India [599,602], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Madagascar [674],
Malaysia: Sabah [848], Maldives [605,832], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [86,87,242,674], Mozambique
[637c,637d,674], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles
[674.845], Singapore [87], Solomon Islands [513], South Africa [637d], Tanzania [714a], Thailand [674,744],
Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Acropora demani (Rehberg 1892) Philippines
Acropora dendrum (Bassett-Smith 1890) Australia [87], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines
[768], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu
Acropora desalwii Wallace 1994 Indonesia[735a,792a]
Acropora diffusa (Verrill 1864) ?Indonesia [87], Kiribati [776]
Acropora digitifera (Dana 1848) Australia [86,87,758a,792,792b],Cook Islands [485], Fiji [262], French Polynesia
[148,593,788], India [595,602], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Kiribati [872a], Madagascar [87,674], Maldives
[605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [86,87,242,674], Mozambique [637c,637d,674], New Caledonia
[482], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [572], Réunion [69], Saudi Arabia [15],
Seychelles [674], Solomon Islands [513], Sri Lanka [558], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu,
Vietnam [436]
Acropora divaricata (Dana 1848) Australia [87,792], Fiji [87,792], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Peninsular
[664], Maldives [674], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [87,792],
Singapore [710,792], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Acropora donei Veron & Wallace 1984 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15], Thailand
[674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
ACROPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Acropora dumosa (Brook 1893) India [602.659]
Acropora echinata (Dana 1848) Bottlebrush Coral Australia [87.792]. Fiji [87.776]. French Polynesia [148.593].
India [595.602]. Indonesia [735a]. Japan [87.557]. Madagascar [674]. Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465].
Palau [221]. Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768]. Saudi Arabia [15]. Singapore [595]. Solomon Islands
[513]. Thailand [674.744]. United States [87.595]: incl. Hawaiian Is [751], Vanuatu = ? (name predated by
Madreporaechinata Pallas 1766)
Acropora elegans (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860) Japan. Papua New Guinea [792a], ?Philippines[87.792a]
Acropora elliptica (Rehberg 1892) Philippines [631]
Acropora elsevi (Brook 1892) Christmas Coral Australia [86.87,792,792b], French Polynesia [148.593].
Indonesia [735a]. Japan, Maldives [605], Mozambique [674], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768].
Seychelles [87], United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Acropora exquisita Nemenzo 1971 Australia. Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Japan, Philippines [768], Vanuatu
Acropora florida (Dana 1848) Australia [792]. Fiji [87.?557,792], India [602.659], Indonesia [735a], Japan,
Malaysia: Peninsular [604], Sabah [848]. Maldives. Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique
[637d.674]. Papua New Guinea [87]. Philippines [768], Singapore [87,710,776], Solomon Islands [513],
South Africa [637c,637d], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [7 14a], Thailand [674,744], Tonga [87], Vanuatu, Viemam
[436]
Acropora formosa (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [87,758a,792,792b]. British Indian Ocean
Territory [672.674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Fiji [87], French Polynesia [87,148,593], India
[595,602,659], Indonesia [87,735a], Japan, Kiribati [463,872a], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular
[604], Sabah, Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242.674], Mozambique [637c.637d],
Myanmar [212], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea [359], Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15], Singapore
[87,710,776], Solomon Islands [87,513], Sri Lanka [87,558], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [714a]. Thailand
[701,744], Tonga [87], Vanuatu [359], Vietnam [436]
Acropora forskalii (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) India [602], Maldives [605,832], Saudi Arabia [15], Tanzania
[714a]
Acropora gemmifera (Brook 1892) Australia [87], Fiji [87], French Polynesia [148,593], Indonesia [735a], Japan,
Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique [637c,637d], New Caledonia [482], Papua New Guinea, Philippines
[768], Pitcairn Islands, Saudi Arabia [15], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Acropora glauca (Brook 1893) Australia [87], French Polynesia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Marshall Islands [465],
Taiwan [171], Vietnam
Acropora glochiclados (Brook 1893) British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], Cook Islands [485], Seychelles
[674]
Acropora gonagra (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860) Mauritius [242,674]
Acropora grandis (Brook 1892) American Samoa [359], Australia [86,87,792], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Marshall
Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [674],
Solomon Islands [513], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vienam
Acropora granulosa (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860) American Samoa [430], Australia [792], Fiji [86.87.792],
French Polynesia [148,593,621], India [602], Indonesia [735a], Israel [674], Japan, Madagascar. Malaysia:
Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Papua New Guinea [87,792], Philippines [768], Réunion
[69,87,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [470,714a], Vanuatu, Viemam
Acropora hemprichii (Ehrenberg 1834) Australia [87], Djibouti [298], Israel [674], India [602], Mauritius
[242,674], Maldives [674,832], Réunion [69], Saudi Arabia [15,655], SB[87], Sri Lanka [87,558,631].
Tanzania [71 4a]
Acropora heteroclados (Brook 1893) Federated States of Micronesia [87], French Polynesia [87,593], Palau [87]
Acropora horrida (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [792], Fiji [87,776], French Polynesia [593],
Indonesia [735a], Japan, Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [87,242,674], Mozambique [637d], New Caledonia
[262], Oman [675], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [87,621,768], South Africa [637c,637d], Taiwan [171],
Tanzania [470], Thailand [674,744], Vietnam
Acropora humilis (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [86,87,758a,792,792b], British Indian Ocean
Territory [672,674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [674], Djibouti [298], Fiji [86,87], French Polynesia
[87,148,593], India [602,659], Indonesia [25,735a], Israel [674], Japan, Kiribati [463,872a], Madagascar
[674], Malaysia: Sabah [848], Maldives [87,605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [86,87,242,674],
Mozambique [637c,637d,674], Myanmar [87,212,674], New Caledonia [482], Palau [221], Papua New
Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [572], Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845],
Solomon Islands [86,87,513], South Africa [637c,637d], Sri Lanka [87], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [329],
Thailand [674,744], Tonga [87], Tuvalu [835], United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467],
Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
44
ACROPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Acropora hvacinthus (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [86,87,758a.792.792b]. British Indian Ocean
Territory [644.672]. Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a]. Cook Islands [485]. Fiji [87.621], French Polynesia
[87.148.593]. India [599.602.659]. Indonesia [735a]. Israel [674]. Japan, Kiribati [872a], Madagascar [674].
Malaysia: Sabah [848]. Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [87.242.674], Mozambique
[637c.637d.674], Myanmar [212]. New Caledonia [482]. Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768].
Pitcairn Islands. Réunion [69.242]. Saudi Arabia [15]. Seychelles [674.845]. Singapore [87,776], Solomon
Islands [513]. South Africa [167,637c.637d], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [7 14a], Thailand [674.744], Tonga [87].
United States, Vanuatu. Vietnam [436]
Acropora implicata (Dana 1848) Fiji [87,776], French Polynesia [148.593]
= ? (name predated by Madrepora implicata Ellis & Solander 1786)
Acropora indiana Wallace 1994 Australia[792a]. Indonesia [735a]
Acropora indica (Brook 1893) India [87,599,602], Mozambique [674]
Acropora insignis Nemenzo 1967 Japan. Philippines [529], Vanuatu
Acropora jacquelineae Wallace 1994 Indonesia[735a], Papua New Guinea [792a]
Acropora kirstyae Veron & Wallace 1984 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Marshall Islands, Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [768], Singapore
Acropora kosurini Wallace 1994 Thailand [792a]
Acropora latistella (Brook 1892) American Samoa [430], Australia [86,87]. Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Fiji
[359], French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Mozambique [637d,674], New Caledonia [262].
Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [572], Solomon Islands [513], South Africa
[637c.637d], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu
Acropora lianae Nemenzo 1967 Philippines[529] = 2A. loripes
Acropora listeri (Brook 1893) Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines
[768], Pitcairn Islands, Thailand [701,744], Tonga [87], Vanuatu, Viennam
Acropora loisetteae Wallace 1994 Australia[792a], Indonesia [735a]
Acropora lokani Wallace 1994 Indonesia[735a], Malaysia: Sabah [792a], Papua New Guinea [792a]
Acropora longicyathus (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860) American Samoa [430], Australia [792], British Indian
Ocean Territory [672,674], French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Mozambique [674], Papua New
Guinea, Philippines [768], Singapore [710,776], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Acropora loripes (Brook 1892) Australia [86,87], British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], French Polynesia
[148,593], Indonesia [735al], Israel [674], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique
[674], New Caledonia [262], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Acropora lovelli Veron & Wallace 1984 Australia, Marshall Islands [465], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu
Acropora lutkeni Crossland 1952 Australia [168], Indonesia [735a], Papua New Guinea, Pitcairn Islands,
Singapore, Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Acropora magnifica Nemenzo? Philippines [768]
Acropora microclados (Ehrenberg 1834) Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Mauritius [242,674], Papua New
Guinea, Philippines [768], ?Pitcairn Islands, Singapore [710], Sri Lanka [558,634], Taiwan [171], Vanuatu,
Vietnam
Acropora microphthalma (Verrill 1869) American Samoa [430,603], Australia [87,792], Cocos (Keeling) Islands
[766a], Fiji [792], French Polynesia [148,593], India [87,602], Indonesia [735a], Japan [87,778,792],
Malaysia: Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique [637c,637d], Papua New
Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands, Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Acropora millepora (Ehrenberg 1834) American Samoa [430], Australia [86,87,792,792b], Fiji [792], India
[595,599,602], Indonesia [?87,735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique
[637c,637d], New Caledonia [482], Papua New Guinea [558], Philippines [768], Singapore [558,710],
Solomon Islands [85,87,513], South Africa [637c,637d], Sri Lanka [558,599], Taiwan [171], Thailand [744],
Tonga, Vanuatu [19a,558], Vietnam [436]
Acropora mirabilis (Quelch 1886) ?Indonesia[87,621], Japan, ?Mauritius, Philippines, Vanuatu
=A. florida [792]
Acropora monticulosa (Briiggemann 1879) Australia [87], Fiji [262], India [599,674], Indonesia [735a], Japan,
Mauritius [87], Mozambique [637c,637d], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15],
Seychelles [674], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,?744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Acropora mossambica Rieg| 1995 Mozambique [637b,637d], South A frica [637b,637d]
Acropora multiacuta Nemenzo 1967 Australia [792], India [602,659], Indonesia [735a], Malaysia: Sabah [848],
Philippines [768]
Acropora nana (Studer 1878) American Samoa [359,430], Australia [86,359], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Fiji
[87], French Polynesia [148], India [595], Indonesia [735a], Japan [739], Kiribati [463], Maldives [674],
45
ACROPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Marshall Islands [465]. Mauritius [242]. Mozambique [637c.637d], New Caledonia [482]. Papua New Guinea.
Philippines [768]. Pitcairm Islands. Réunion. Solomon Islands [513]. Taiwan [171]. Tanzania [714a],. Tuvalu
[835]. Vanuatu = A. aculeus [792]
Acropora nasuta (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430]. Australia [87.792]. British Indian Ocean Territory
[644.672]. Fiji [359]. French Polynesia [87.148.593.748]. India [602]. Indonesia [735a]. Israel [674]. Japan.
Kiribati [463], Malaysia: Sabah [848]. Maldives [674]. Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique [63 7c.637d.674].
Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768]. Pitcairn Islands [572]. Saudi Arabia [15], Solomon Islands [513]. South
Africa [637c.637d]. Sri Lanka [792]. Taiwan [171], Thailand [674.744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Acropora natalensis Rieg| 1995 Mozambique [637b.637d]. South A frica [637b,637d]
Acropora nobilis (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [87,792.792b]. Fiji [558], French Polynesia
[148.593]. India [595,602], Indonesia [87,735a]. Japan, Malaysia: Peninsular [604], Sabah [848]. Maldives
[85.87.605]. Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique [674], New Caledonia [262], Palau [558], Papua New
Guinea [558]. Philippines [621.768]. Saudi Arabia [15], Singapore [87,557,710], Solomon Islands [513]. Sri
Lanka [359,558], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [714a], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Acropora ocellata (Klunzinger 1879) Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Mozambique [674], Sri Lanka [87.558]
2= A. humilis [674]
Acropora oligocyathus (Brook 1892) Mauritius [86,87,242,674]
Acropora pagoensis Hoffmeister 1925 American Samoa [359,430], Seychelles
Acropora palifera (Lamarck 1816) American Samoa [430], Australia [87,792b]. British Indian Ocean Territory
[87.644.672]. Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], India [599,602,659], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Madagascar
[674], Malaysia: Sabah [848], Maldives [605,832], Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique [637c.637d.674].
New Caledonia [482], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Seychelles [674], Solomon Islands
[87.513], South Africa [637c,637d], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [329], Thailand, Vanuatu, Vietnam [436], Yemen
[654]
Acropora palmata (Lamarck 1816) Elkhorn Coral Antigua and Barbuda [889], Aruba [889], Bahamas [690],
Barbados [448], Belize [102], Bermuda [336c], British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands [250]. Colombia [235],
Cuba [416,889], Dominica [889], Guadeloupe [889], Honduras [250,736], Jamaica [284], Martinique [70],
Mexico [241,375a,63 1], Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169], Puerto Rico [10a,746], Saint Lucia [639],
United States [611,776], Venezuela[14], Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Acropora palmerae Wells 1954 American Samoa [430], Australia, Indonesia [735a], Marshall Islands, Réunion
[69], Solomon Islands [513], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674], Vanuatu = A. robusta [674]
Acropora paniculata Verrill 1902. American Samoa [430], Australia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Fiji, French
Polynesia [593], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Mozambique [637c], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], ?United
States, United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Acropora parilis (Quelch 1886) French Polynesia [87], Japan, Philippines [87,621,768], Vanuatu
Acropora parvistella (Verrill 1864) Singapore [87,710,776]
Acropora pharaonis (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860) ?Cocos (Keeling) Islands [87, but see 766a]. Djibouti [298],
Fiji [621], India [599], Indonesia [735a], Madagascar, Maldives [605], Mauritius [242,674], New Caledonia
[482], Oman, Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15,655], Seychelles [845], Vanuatu [19a]
Acropora philippinensis (Rehberg 1892) Philippines[87,631]
Acropora platycyathus (Brook 1893) French Polynesia [87,593]
Acropora pocilloporina Wallace 1994 Cook Islands [792a], French Polynesia [792a], Niue [792a], Pitcairn Islands
[792a]
Acropora polymorpha (Brook 1891) Fiji [285,262], India [595], Kiribati [463], Malaysia [85], Marshall Islands
[595], Mozambique [637d,674], Seychelles [674,845], Vanuatu [19a]
Acropora polystoma (Brook 1891) Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Marshal! Islands [465], Mauritius
[85,87,242,674], Mozambique [674], Papua New Guinea, Réunion [69], Saudi Arabia [15], Singapore,
Vanuatu
Acropora profusa Nemenzo 1967 Philippines [529] =A. florida
Acropora prolifera (Lamarck 1816) Fused Staghorn Coral Bahamas [889], Barbados [889], Belize [102], British
Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands [250], Cuba [889], Haiti [889], Honduras [250], Jamaica [284], Mexico
[375a,889], Netherlands Antilles [653], Puerto Rico [10a], Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [889], United
States [611,776], Venezuela [889], Virgin Islands of the United States [889]
= ? (name predated by Madrepora prolifera Pallas 1766)
Acropora prostrata (Dana 1848) Australia [87, Fiji [87], Papua New Guinea [558], Philippines [621], Singapore
[558], Sri Lanka [558], Vanuatu [558] 2=A. millepora
Acropora pruinosa (Brook 1893) China [87], India [659,674], Japan, Republic of Korea [87], Philippines [768]
46
ACROPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Acropora pulchra (Brook 1891) American Samoa [430]. Australia [87.792,792b]. Cocos (Keeling) Islands
[85.87.766a], Federated States of Micronesia [714b]. Fiji [262]. French Polynesia [593]. Indonesia [735a].
Japan. Mozambique [674]. Papua New Guinea. Philippines [768]. Réunion [69], Singapore, Taiwan [171].
Thailand [674.744]. Vanuatu. Viemam
Acropora pumila (Verrill 1866) Japan [87.778]
Acropora rambleri (Bassett-Smith 1890) American Samoa [430], India [602.659], French Polynesia [593],
Mozambique [674]. Palau [221]. Philippines [768], Vanuatu
Acropora ramiculosa (Dana 1848) Fiji [621]
Acroporaretusa (Dana 1848) Fiji [87]. French Polynesia [87.593]
Acropora robusta (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430]. Australia [86.87,792.792b]. Cocos (Keeling) Islands
[766a]. Fiji [87.776], India [602.659]. Indonesia [735a], Israel, Japan, Madagascar [674], Maldives [674].
Marshall Islands [465]. Mozambique [637d.674], New Caledonia [482], French Polynesia [148.593]. Papua
New Guinea, Philippines [768]. Pitcairn Islands, Solomon Islands [87,513], Singapore [710], Taiwan [171].
Tanzania [7 14a]. Thailand [674.744]. Vanuatu [19a,.87], Vietnam [436]
Acropora rosaria (Dana 1848) Australia [87,792]. Federated States of Micronesia [87]. Fiji [87,792]. Japan,
Marshall Islands [792], Palau [221]. Papua New Guinea [87], Seychelles [674], Vanuatu [19a]
Acropora russelli Wallace 1994 Australia[792a]
Acropora samoensis (Brook 1891) American Samoa [85,359], Australia, Fiji [359], French Polynesia [593],
Indonesia [735a], Japan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands, Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu
Acropora sarmentosa (Brook 1892) Australia [86,87,792], Fiji [792], French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [735a],
Japan, Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines[768], Solomon Islands [513], Vanuatu, Viemam
= A. millepora [792]
Acropora scandens (Klunzinger 1879) Israel [674], Saudi Arabia [15] = A. pharaonis [661]
Acroporaschmitti Wells 1950 American Samoa [430], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Thailand
Acropora secale (Studer 1878) American Samoa [430], Australia [87,792], British Indian Ocean Territory
[85.87.644.672], Cook Islands [485], French Polynesia [557,593], India [595,602,659], Indonesia [621.735a],
Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637c,637d,674],
Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [572], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674], Singapore
[558,710], Sri Lanka [87,558], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [71 4a], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Acropora sekiseiensis Veron 1990 Japan [764]
Acropora selago (Studer 1878) American Samoa [430], Australia [87,792,792b], Christmas Island [29], India,
Indonesia [735a], Japan, Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique [674], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768],
Solomon Islands [85.87], Sri Lanka [87], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], United States minor outlying
islands: Johnston Atoll [467], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Acropora solitaryensis Veron & Wallace 1984 Australia, China, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [768], Vanuatu
Acropora sordiensis Rieg| 1995 Mozambique [637b,637d], South A frica [637b,637d]
Acropora spicifera (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [758a,792b], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [674], Fiji
[558], Indonesia [735a], Mozambique [674,845], Myanmar [212], New Caledonia [482], Papua New Guinea
[558], Philippines [768], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore [173,710,776], Solomon Islands [87], Sri Lanka
[558], Tanzania [714a], Tonga [87], Tuvalu [835]
Acropora squarrosa (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) American Samoa [430], Australia [87,792], Cook Islands
[485], India [602], Japan, Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Papua New Guinea [792], Saudi Arabia
[15,655], Seychelles [792], Tanzania [470] = A. loripes [674]
Acropora stigmataria (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860) ?Madagascar [631], Mauritius [242,674], Seychelles [87],
Tanzania [470]
Acropora stoddarti Pillai & Scheer 1976 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Maldives [605], Philippines [768],
Saudi Arabia [674]
Acropora striata (Verrill 1866) Indonesia[735a], Japan [87], Marshall Islands [465], 7?Mozambique [637c]
Acropora studeri (Brook 1893) Indonesia[25], Singapore [87,710], Taiwan [171]
Acropora subglabra (Brook 1891) Australia [792], ?Fiji [85,87], Indonesia [87,735a], Japan, Malaysia, Palau
[221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Singapore, Thailand [744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Acropora subulata (Dana 1848) Australia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Fiji, Indonesia [25,87,735a], Japan,
Malaysia: Sabah [848], , Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands, Thailand, Vanuatu
Acropora suharsonoi Wallace 1994 Indonesia[735a,792a]
Acropora tanegashimensis Veron 1990 Japan [764]
Acropora tenella (Brook 1892) Indonesia[735a], Japan, Papua New Guinea [792a], Philippines [768]
47
ACROPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Acropora tenuis (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430]. Australia [86.87,792]. British Indian Ocean Territory
[87.644.672]. Fiji [792]. Indonesia [86.87.735a]. Israel [674]. Japan. Kiribati [872a], Maldives [87.605].
Marshall Islands [465]. Mauritius [85.87.242.674]. Mozambique [637c.637d.674], Papua New Guinea.
Philippines [87.768]. Saudi Arabia [15]. Seychelles [606]. Solomon Islands [87]. South Africa [87.637c.637d].
Sri Lanka [87]. Taiwan [171]. Tanzania [714a]. Thailand [674.744]. Tonga [557]. Tuvalu [835], Vanuatu,
Vietnam [436]
Acropora thurstoni (Brook 1893) India [87.599]
Acropora torihalimeda Wallace 1994 Australia[792a]
Acropora tortuosa (Dana 1848) Australia. Federated States of Micronesia [87.557]. Fiji [87,776]. French Polynesia
[593]
Acropora tuberculosa (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860) Fiji [558]. Mauritius [242.674]
Acropora tubicinaria (Dana 1848) Australia [792]. Fiji [87.792], French Polynesia [148,593], Indonesia [735a].
Marshall Islands [792]. Seychelles [674]. Singapore [617], Solomon Islands [513]
Acropora tubulosa (Ehrenberg 1834) Federated States of Micronesia [87]
Acropora tumida (Verrill 1866) China [87], Japan [739]
Acropora turaki Wallace 1994 Australia[792a], Indonesia [735a]
Acropora turgida (Verrill 1866) Japan [87]
Acropora valencennesii (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860) American Samoa [430], Australia [87.792], Djibouti
[298]. Fiji [792], India [599,602], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Mauritius [242.674], Oman
[675]. Palau [792], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15,655], Sri Lanka [87,558], Taiwan
[171], Thailand, Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Acropora valida (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [87,758a,792], British Indian Ocean Territory
[2672.674], Christmas Island [29], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Colombia, Djibouti [298], Fiji [87], French
Polynesia [148,593], India [602,659], Indonesia [735a], Israel [674], Japan, Madagascar, Malaysia: Sabah
[848], Maldives [605], Mauritius [87,242.674], Mozambique [637c,637d,674], Myanmar [87,212,674], New
Caledonia [482], Oman [675], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [572], Reunion [69],
Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [87,606], Singapore [87,617], Solomon Islands [513], Sri Lanka [87,558].
Taiwan [171], Tanzania [714a], Thailand [701,744], Tonga [87], United States minor outlying islands:
Johnston Atoll [467], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436], Yemen [654]
Acropora vaughani Wells 1954 Australia [792], French Polynesia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Kiribati [463],
Malaysia: Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15],
Thailand [674,744], Vietnam [436]
Acropora verweyi Veron & Wallace 1984 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Papua New Guinea, Thailand
[674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Acropora wallaceae Veron 1990 Australia [764], Japan [764], Philippines [764], Thailand [764]
Acropora willisae Veron & Wallace 1984 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines
[768], Singapore
Acropora yongei Veron & Wallace 1984 Australia [792,792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [87,644,672], Cook
Islands [485], Fiji [557], French Polynesia [593], India [674], Indonesia [735a], Israel [674], Japan, Maldives
[87,674], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [87,242,674], New Caledonia [482], Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15], Singapore [557], Sri Lanka [87], Tanzania [560], United States minor
outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467], Vanuatu, Vietnam [19a]
Anacropora Ridley 1884 II B -
(Aldabra and the Seychelles in the Western Indian Ocean; north to the Maldives, southern India and Mergui
Archipelago [761]; south to Cocos (Keeling) Islands and north-western Australia. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean
north to Ryukyu Islands, south to the Great Barrier Reef and Vanuatu; east to the Marshall Islands and Fiji [761]).
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
Australia [770]; British Indian Ocean Territory [674,832]; Brunei; China [668,894,895]; Christmas Island; Cocos
(Keeling) Islands [763]; Federated States of Micronesia; Indonesia [735a]; Japan [765]; Malaysia: Sabah [848];
Maldives [674]; Marshall Islands [465,807]; Myanmar; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768];
Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore; Solomon Islands; Taiwan [171]; Thailand [186,744]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam
Anacropora appears to be restricted to soft substrata on coral reefs, and is uncommon or rare.
10 nominal species, 4-5 [151] or 6 [766b] valid species, of which 4 occurin Australia[761]
48
ACROPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Anacroporaerecta Bernard 1897 Indonesia[735a]. Solomon Islands [28]
Anacropora forbesi Ridley 1884 Australia. Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a]. Indonesia [735a], Japan. Malay sia.
Marshall Islands [465]. Papua New Guinea. Philippines [768]. Seychelles. Vanuatu. Viemam
Anacroporagracilis Quelch 1886 Indonesia[621]
Anacropora matthai Pillai 1973 Australia. Indonesia [735a]. Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768]. Taiwan [171]
Anacropora puertogalerae Nemenzo 1964 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [768], Vanuatu
Anacroporareticulata Veron & Wallace 1984 Australia. Indonesia [735a]. Japan. Philippines [768]. Vanuatu
Anacropora spinosa Rehberg 1892 Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848]. Philippines [768]. Palau
[221.361]
Astreopora Blainville 1830 Il B -
Porous Star Coral
(Red Sea [661], Persian Gulf, East and South A frica [68,329]. Indian Ocean north to Lakshadweep, Gulf of Mannar
(southern India) and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Houtman Abrolhos
Islands. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan [231]; south to Lord Howe Island: east to Tuamotu
Archipelagoand Pitcairn Islands [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia[770]; Bahrain [95]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674.832]:; Brunei; China
[668.894.895]: Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Comoros; Cook Islands [429]; Djibouti [298];
Egypt [661]: Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia [429]; Fiji; French Polynesia [148,244]; Guam [429]: India
[598.602]; Indonesia [735a]; iran; Israel [458,661]; Japan [765]; Jordan; Kenya [329]; Kiribati [463]; Kuwait;
Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands [465,807]:
Mauritius [242,429]; Mozambique [68,845]; Myanmar: Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Northern Marianas
[429]; Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea: Philippines [768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]; Qatar; Réunion
[69a]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore [617]; Solomon Islands [796]: Somalia; South
Africa [637d]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga [429]; Tuvalu
[835]; United Arab Emirates [95,677]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
A. myriophthalma is the commonest and most widespread species, other species are mostly uncommon or rare
[761].
10 species recognized by Lamberts [429], and 4 described subsequently
Astreopora cucullata Lamberts 1980 American Samoa [430], Australia, Indonesia [735a], Malaysia, Marshall
Islands, Philippines [768], Taiwan [171], Vietnam
Astreoporaelliptica Yabe & Sugiyama 1941 Guam [429], Indonesia[735a], Marshall Islands [429]
Astreopora expansa Briiggemann 1877 British Indian Ocean Territory [674], Indonesia [735a], Japan [739], Oman
[429], Seychelles [429], Taiwan [429]
Astreopora explanata Veron 1985 Australia, Japan, Marshall Islands [465], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768],
Vanuatu
Astreopora gracilis Bernard 1896 Australia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Guam [429], Indonesia [735a], Japan,
Malaysia: Sabah [429], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Northern Mariana Islands [429], Palau [429],
Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Solomon Islands [27,429], Taiwan [171], Vanuatu
Astreoporalambertsi Moll & Best 1984 Indonesia[510,735a]
Astreopora listeri Bernard 1896 American Samoa [430], Australia [27,429], British Indian Ocean Territory
[672,674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [429], Federated States of Micronesia [429], Fiji [262], French Polynesia
[429], Guam [429], India [602,659], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Kiribati [463], Madagascar [674], Malaysia:
Sabah [429], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique [674,845], Myanmar, New Caledonia
[482], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [674], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore [710], Taiwan
[171,87 1a], Tonga [27,429], Vienam
Astreoporamacrostoma Veron & Wallace 1984 Australia, Japan, Malaysia, Vanuatu
Astreopora moretonensis Veron & Wallace 1984 Australia, Thailand [674,744]
Astreopora myriophthalma (Lamarck 1816) American Samoa [430,603], Australia [27,429,792b], British Indian
Ocean Territory [429,672,674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Cook Islands [429], Djibouti [298], Federated
States of Micronesia [429], Fiji [262], French Polynesia [148,593], Guam [429], India [602], Indonesia
[27,735a,741], Israel [674], Japan [429], Kiribati [463], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [429], Maldives
49
ACROPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
[605]. Marshall Islands [465]. Mauritius [27.242.674]. Mozambique [637d.674], New Caledonia [482]. Oman
[675]. Papua New Guinea. Philippines [768]. Pitcairn Islands [572]. Reunion [69.242], Saudi Arabia [15].
Seychelles [429.674]. Singapore [617]. Solomon Islands [429]. South Africa [637d]. Taiwan [171], Tanzania
[560]. Thailand [674.744]. Tonga [429]. Tuvalu [835]. Vanuatu. Vienam
Astreopora ocellata Benard 1896 Australia [27.429]. British Indian Ocean Territory [644.672]. Indonesia [735a].
Japan, Kiribati [463], Malaysia: Sabah [848]. Maldives [605]. Marshall Islands [429], Northern Mariana
Islands [429]. New Caledonia [482]. Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Reunion [69], Tuvalu [835].
Vietnam [436]
Astreoporarandalli Lamberts 1980 Cook Islands [429], Guam [429], Philippines [429], Taiwan {171}
Astreopora scabra Lamberts 1982 American Samoa [430], Australia [429], Cook Islands [429], Guam [429].
Kiribati [429], Marshall Islands [429], Northern Mariana Islands [429]
Astreopora suggesta Wells 1954 Australia, Japan, Marshall Islands [429], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768].
Taiwan [171]
Montipora Bilainville 1830 I] B -
Pore Coral
(Red Sea [661], Persian Gulf. East and South Africa [68.329]. Indian Ocean north to Arabian Gulf [95],
Lakshadweep [602] and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Houtman
Abrolhos Islands (western Australia). South-east Asia, north to Japan, Midway Islands, Hawaiian Islands: south to
Lord Howe Island, Kermadec Islands; east to Marquesas [244] and Pitcairn Islands [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia[770]; Bahrain [95]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]; Brunei; China
[668.894.895]; Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Comoros; Cook Islands [485]: Djibouti [298];
Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia [558]; Fiji [558]; French Polynesia [148,244]: Guam: India
[598,602]; Indonesia [735a]; Iran; Israel [458,661]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati [872a];
Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [585,848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands
[465,807]; Mauritius [674]; Mexico [375a,691]; Mozambique [68]; Myanmar; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; New
Zealand: Kermadec Islands; Niue; Northen Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea [558];
Philippines [768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]; Qatar; Réunion [69]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845];
Singapore [557,617]; Solomon Islands [796]; South Africa [637d]; Sri Lanka [558]; Somalia; Sudan [661]; Taiwan
[171]; Tanzania [329,470]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga [557]; Tuvalu [835]; United Arab Emirates
[95.677]; United States: Hawaiian Islands [464]; United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467];
Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
Montipora is Netherlands Antilles important and widespread reef coral. Collected for use as curios.
There are 211 nominal species, but variability within species has led to considerable taxonomic confusion. The
number of valid species is about 60 [151] or at least 80 [766b]. At least 38 have been recognised from Australia.
Montiporaacutata Bernard 1897 American Samoa [430]
Montipora aequituberculata Bernard 1897 American Samoa [430], Australia [595], British Indian Ocean Territory
[672,674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Cook Islands [485], French Polynesia [148,593], India [595,602],
Indonesia [735a], Israel [674], Japan, Malaysia: Peninsular [36,604], Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465],
Mozambique [637d], Oman [675], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [572], Réunion [69],
Saudi Arabia, Seychelles [674], South Africa [637d], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [714a], Thailand [674,744],
Vanuatu, Vietnam
Montiporaaltasepta Nemenzo 1967 Japan, Philippines [768], Vanuatu
Montiporaalveopora Bemard 1897 India [599]
Montipora angulata (Lamarck 1816) Australia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [754,766a], India [602,659], Indonesia
[735a], Japan, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,?744], Vietnam
[436]
Montiporaaspera Verrill 1872 French Polynesia [593]
Montipora australiensis Bernard 1897 Australia, French Polynesia [148,593], Indonesia [735a], Malaysia, New
Caledonia [482], Pitcairn Islands, Vietnam
Montipora bernardi Vaughan 1907 United States: Hawaiian Is [751]
Montipora berryi Hoffmeister 1925 American Samoa [359,430] 2?= M. informis
Montipora bilaminata Bernard 1897 American Samoa [430]
50
ACROPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Montiporacactus Bernard 1897 Japan. Philippines [768]
Montiporacalcarea Bernard 1897 Australia. Tonga
Montpora caliculata (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430]. Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [674]. Fiji
[506]. French Polynesia [148.593]. Indonesia [735a]. Japan. Malaysia. Marshall Islands [465]. New Caledonia
[262]. New Zealand: Kermadec Is [753]. Papua New Guinea. Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [572].
Vanuatu, Vietnam
Montipora capitata (Dana 1848) Japan, Philippines [768], United States: Hawaiian Is [557.621], ?United States
minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467], Vanuatu
Montiporacapricornis Veron 1985 Australia. Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Philippines [768], Vanuatu
Montiporacebuensis Nemenzo 1976 Philippines [532.768]
Montiporacircumvallata (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) Israel [674]. Réunion [69], Saudi Arabia [15.655]
Montiporacolumnaris Bernard 1898 Fiji [262]
Montiporacomplanata(Lamarck 1816) Japan, Pitcaim Islands [572]
Montiporaconfusa Nemenzo 1967 Philippines [529.543,768]
Montiporacorbettensis Veron & Wallace 1984 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu
Montipora crassituberculata Beard 1897 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768],
Pitcairn Islands. Thailand [674.744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Montiporacristagalli (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834)
Montipora danae Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 Australia[792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Cocos
(Keeling) Islands [766a], Djibouti [298], Fiji [506], French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [735a], Israel [674].
Japan [739], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands, Mauritius [674], Mozambique
[637d,674], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15], Taiwan [171], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Montipora digitata (Dana 1848) Australia [758a,792b], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Federated States of
Micronesia, Fiji [595.621], India [595,602,659], Indonesia [595,621,735a,741], Japan, Malaysia: Peninsular
[36], Sabah [848], Marshall Islands, Mauritius [242,674], New Caledonia [482], Northern Mariana Islands,
Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Singapore [595,617,710], Solomon Islands [513], South
Africa [637d], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,701,744], Tonga [557], Vanuatu, Vietnam [19a]
Montipora dilatata Studer 1901 United States: Hawaiian Is [711,751]
Montipora edwardsi Berard 1897 British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], French Polynesia [593], India [595],
Madagascar [674], Mauritius [242,674], Réunion [69], Seychelles [674], Taiwan [171]
Montipora efflorescens Bernard 1897 Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a],
French Polynesia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia, Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768],
Singapore [617], Taiwan [171], Thailand, Vanuatu, Viemam
Montipora effusa (Dana 1848) British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], Federated States of Micronesia [558],
French Polynesia [558,593], Japan, Mozambique [637d,?674], New Caledonia [482], Philippines [768]. Sri
Lanka [558],
Montipora ehrenbergii Verrill 1872. American Samoa [430], Israel [674], Philippines [359], Saudi Arabia [655],
Seychelles, Taiwan [171,871a], Tuvalu [835]
Montipora elschneri Vaughan 1918 American Samoa [430], French Polynesia [148,593], India [595], Kiribati
[463,754], Marshall Islands [595], Seychelles [674], Taiwan [87 1a], Vietnam [436]
Montiporaexplanata Briiggemann 1879 India [602], Mauritius [242,674]
Montipora exserta Quelch 1886 Australia [558,621], India [602], Samoa [558], Sri Lanka [558], Tanzania [560],
Tuvalu [835]
Montipora flabellata Studer 1901 Mozambique [637d,674], United States: Hawaiian Is [711,751]
Montipora florida Nemenzo 1967 Philippines[529,768]
Montipora floweri Wells 1954 Australia, French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [735a], Maldives [674], Marshall
Islands, Papua New Guinea, Saudi Arabia [674], Vanuatu
Montipora foliosa (Pallas 1766) Leaf Coral, Plate Coral Australia [792b], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a],
Djibouti [298], Fiji [558], French Polynesia [593], India [602,659], Indonesia [25,735a,741], Israel, Japan,
Madagascar, Malaysia: Peninsular [36,604], Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius
[242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [242,674],
Seychelles [674], Singapore [617], Solomon Islands [513], Sri Lanka [634], Taiwan [171], Thailand [701],
Vanuatu [604], Vietnam [436]
Montipora foveolata (Dana 1848) American Samoa [359,430], Australia [758a,792b], British Indian Ocean
Territory [672.674], Fiji [262], French Polynesia [148,593], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Kiribati [463,872a],
Malaysia, Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique [637,674], Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [572], Taiwan
[171], Thailand [674,744], Tuvalu [835], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Montipora fragilis Quelch 1886 Indonesia [621,735a], Palau [221]
51
ACROPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Montipora fragosa Verrill 1869 Mexico [375a.691.781]
Montipora friabilis Berard 1897 Japan. Mozambique [637d.674]. Philippines [768]
Montipora fruticosa Bernard 1897 Malaysia [36]. Papua New Guinea. Singapore [617]
Montipora gaimardi Bernard 1897 Japan. Philippines [768]. Solomon Islands [513]
Montipora gracilis Klunzinger 1879 Saudi Arabia [15]. Singapore [557]
Montipora grandifolia (Dana 1848) Australia[557], Singapore [506,710], Vanuatu [621]
Montipora granifera Bernard 1897 New Caledonia [262]
Montipora granulosa Berard 1897 Australia [595]. India [595.602], Marshall Islands [595], Malaysia [36]
Montipora grisea Bernard 1897 Australia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Indonesia [735a]. Japan, Papua New
Guinea. Philippines [768]. Pitcairn Islands [572]. Taiwan [171], Tonga, Vanuatu, Vietnam
Montipora hirsuta Nemenzo 1967 Japan, Philippines [529,768]
=? (predated by Montipora hirsuta Berard 1897)
Montipora hispida (Dana 1848) Australia. British Indian Ocean Territory [674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [674].
French Polynesia [148.593], India [602], Indonesia [735a]. Japan [739], Kiribati [463]. Malaysia: Peninsular
[36.604], Mauritius [242.674], Mozambique [637d,674], New Caledonia [482], Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [768], Seychelles [674], Singapore [557,710], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], United States:
Hawaiian Is [751], Vanuatu [19a], Vietnam [436]
Montipora hoffmeisteri Wells 1954 Australia, French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Kiribati [463].
Marshall Islands [465], Papua New Guinea, Philippines[768], Vanuatu, Vienam
Montipora incognita Bernard 1897 New Caledonia [262]
Montipora incrassata (Dana 1848) Australia, Fiji [506], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea,
Pitcairn Islands (572], Taiwan [171], United States, Vanuatu
Montipora informis Bernard 1897 Australia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], China, French Polynesia [148,593],
India [595,659,674], Indonesia [735a,742], Israel [674], Japan, Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36],
Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius, New Caledonia [482], Papua New Guinea, Philippines
[768], Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore [617], Taiwan [171], Vanuatu
[19a], Vietnam [436]
Montipora lichen (Dana 1848) French Polynesia[593], Mauritius [242,674], Taiwan [171]
Montipora lobulata Bernard 1897 British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Israel
[674], Mauritius [242,674], Taiwan [87 1a] = M. spumosa [674]
Montipora mactanensis Nemenzo 1979 Japan, Philippines [533,768]
Montipora malampayaNemenzo 1967 Japan, Philippines [529,768]
Montipora maldivensis Pillai & Scheer 1976 Maldives [605]
Montipora manauliensis Pillai 1969 India [595,602]
Montipora marshallensis Wells 1954 American Samoa [430], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Marshall Islands [465],
Taiwan [171], Vietnam [436]
Montipora millepora Crossland 1952 Australia [168], French Polynesia [593], India [595,602], Indonesia [735a],
Japan [739], Mauritius [674], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [69], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Montipora mollis Bernard 1897 Australia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia,
Papua New Guinea, Philippines [541,768], Saudi Arabia [674], Thailand [674,?744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Montipora monasteriata (Forskal 1775) Australia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Djibouti [298], Fiji [44b], India
[595,602], Indonesia [735a], Israel [674], Japan, Malaysia, Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674],
Mozambique [637d,674], Oman [675], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15], Somalia
[595], South Africa [637d], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Montipora multipapillosa Nemenzo 1983 Philippines[537]
Montipora nodosa (Dana 1848) Australia, Fiji [776], Indonesia [735a], Pitcairn Islands, Taiwan [171], Vanuatu,
Vietnam
Montipora orientalis Nemenzo 1967 Philippines [529,535,768]
Montipora palmata (Dana 1848) Fiji [506], Indonesia[25], Palau [221]
Montipora papillosa (Lamarck 1816) French Polynesia [621], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Tonga [506]
Montipora paupera Marenzeller 1901 Mozambique [637d,674], Tanzania [470]
Montipora peltiformis Bernard 1897 Australia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], India [602,659], Indonesia [735a],
Japan, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744],
Vanuatu, Vietnam
Montipora perforata Beard 1897 Mauritius [242,674]
Montipora poritiformis Verrill 1866
Montipora profunda Bemard 1897 New Caledonia [262]
Montipora rigida Verrill 1866 Philippines [621] = M. limitata [93]
ACROPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Montiporasamarensis Nemenzo 1967 Japan. Philippines [529.768], Vanuatu
Montiporasaxea Bernard 1897 New Caledonia [262]
Montipora scabricula (Dana 1848) Fiji [558]. Samoa [558], Sri Lanka [558]. Tuvalu [835]
Montiporasetosa Nemenzo 1976 Philippines [532.768]
Montiporasinuosa Pillai & Scheer 1976 Maldives [605]
Montipora solanderi (Ellis & Solander 1786) Indonesia [735a]. Malaysia: Peninsular [36]. Mauritius [242.674],
Réunion [69]. Singapore [617]. Taiwan [87 la]
Montipora spongiosa (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) Israel [674]. Saudi Arabia [15], Tanzania [560]
= ? (name predated by Madrepora spongiosa Ellis & Solander 1786)
Montipora spongodes Berard 1897 Australia, Indonesia [735a]. Japan, Malaysia, Mozambique [637d], Papua
New Guinea. Philippines [768], Seychelles [674,845], South Africa [637d], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu,
Vietnam
Montipora spumosa (Lamarck 1816) American Samoa [430], Australia [604], British Indian Ocean Territory,
Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], French Polynesia [593], India [595,602], Indonesia [25,735a], Japan.
Malaysia: Peninsular [604], Sabah [848], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], New Caledonia
[482], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768]. Taiwan [171.87 1a], Thailand [674,744], Tonga [595], Vanuatu,
Vietnam
Montipora stellata Bernard 1897 Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [674], China, Indonesia [735a], Japan.
Malaysia, Oman [675], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [674], Taiwan [171], Viemam
Montipora stilosa(Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) Israel [674]. Sri Lanka [558], Mauritius [242,558,674]
Montipora striata Bernard 1897 Australia [28], Indonesia[735a], Singapore [617]
Montipora studeri Vaughan 1907 United States: Hawaiian Is [751], United States minor outlying islands: Johnston
Atoll [467]
Montipora sulcata Crossland 1952 Australia[168], Malaysia: Peninsular [36]
Montipora sumilonensis Nemenzo 1979 Philippines [533
Montipora suvadivae Pillai & Scheer 1976 Maldives [605]
Montiporatenuicaulis Vaughan 1907 United States: Hawaiian Is [751]
Montiporatenuissima Bemard 1897 British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36]
Montipora trabeculata Bernard 1897 American Samoa [430], Australia [359]
Montipora tuberculosa (Lamarck 1816) American Samoa [430], Australia [758a], British Indian Ocean Territory
[674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], French Polynesia[148,593], India [602], Indonesia [735a], Israel [674],
Japan, Kiribati [463], Malaysia, Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,558,674],
Mozambique [637d,674], Papua New Guinea [558], Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [572], Réunion [69].
Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845], South A frica [637d], Sri Lanka [558], Taiwan [171.871a], Tanzania
[560], Thailand, United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467], Vietnam [436]
Montipora turgescens Bernard 1897 Australia [595,758a], French Polynesia [593], India [595,602,659], Indonesia
[735a], Japan [739], Malaysia, Marshall Islands [595], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia
[15], Taiwan [171], Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Montiporaturtiensis Veron & Wallace 1984 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Malaysia, Vietnam
Montipora undata Bernard 1897 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia, Mauritius [242.674], Papua New
Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15], Taiwan [171,871a], Thailand, Vanuatu, Vietnam
Montipora venosa (Ehrenberg 1834) American Samoa [430], Australia [604], China, Fiji [359], French Polynesia
[148,593], India [595,602,659], Indonesia [25,735a,742], Israel [674], Japan, Malaysia: Peninsular [36.604],
Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique [637d], New Caledonia [482], Oman [674], Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [572], Réunion [69], South Africa [637d], Sudan, Taiwan [171], Vanuatu,
Vietnam [436]
Montipora verrilli Vaughan 1907 American Samoa [430], French Polynesia [148,593], India [595,602], Indonesia
[735a], Kiribati [463], Marshall Islands [595], Mozambique [674], United States: Hawaiian Is [359,751]
Montipora verrucosa (Lamarck 1816) Australia [595,792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Djibouti
[298], Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji [557], French Polynesia [148,593], India [595,602], Indonesia
[25,735a], Israel [674], Japan, Kiribati [463,872a], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Marshall
Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], New Caledonia [482], Northern Mariana Islands,
Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles
[674,845], Solomon Islands [513], Somalia [595], South Africa [637d], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [560],
Thailand [674,744], Tonga [557], Tuvalu [835], United States: Hawaiian Is [595,603,751], Vanuatu, Vietnam
53
PORITIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Family PORITIDAE Gray 1842
Alveopora Blainville 1830 Il B -
(Red Sea [661]. East and South Africa [68.329]. Indian Ocean north to the Maldives and Andaman and Nicobar
Islands [602]; south to Madagascar and south-west tip of Australia. South-East Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to Japan
[231]. Midway Islands and Hawaiian Islands; south to Lord Howe Island and Kermadec Islands [761]: east to
Tuamotu Archipelago)
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]: Australia [770]; British Indian Ocean Territory [674.832]: Brunei: China [668]: Christmas
Island: Comoros: Cook Islands; Djibouti: Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji: French
Polynesia [148.244]: Guam; India [598.602]: Indonesia [735a]: Israel [458.661]: Japan [765]: Jordan [661]: Kenya
[329]; Kiribati [463]; Madagascar [587.591]: Malaysia: Peninsular [36]. Sabah [848]: Maldives [605.674]: Marshall
Islands [807]; Mauritius [242,674]: Mozambique [68]; Myanmar; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]: Niue: Northern
Marianas; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Réunion [69]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]: Seychelles
[674,845]; Singapore [776]: Solomon Islands [796]: Somalia; Sri Lanka [558]: Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]:
Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga; Tuvalu; United States: Hawaiian Islands: Vanuatu [762]:
Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
In general a fairly sparsely distributed. uncommon coral, although may be locally common.
27 nominal species, about 10 [151] or 15-16 valid species [766b], of which 8 are recognised from Australia[761].
Alveopora allingi Hoffmeister 1925 American Samoa [359,430], Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean Territory
[672.674], China, French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [735a], Israel [674], Japan, Malaysia. Maldives [605].
Mauritius [?242,674], Mozambique [637d], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [?242.674]. Saudi
Arabia [15], Thailand [674,744], Vietnam [436]
Alveopora catalai Wells 1968 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], New Caledonia, Papua
New Guinea, Philippines [768], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Alveopora daedalea (Forskal 1775) India [602], Indonesia [741], Israel [674], Maldives [605], Mauritius [674],
Mozambique [637d,674], Saudi Arabia [655], South A frica [637d]
Alveopora excelsa Verrill 1864 Star Coral Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Philippines [768],
Singapore [557,617,710,776]
Alveopora explanata Hoffmeister 1945
Alveopora fenestrata (Lamarck 1816) Australia, Indonesia [735a], Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768],
Réunion [69], Seychelles [674,845], Taiwan [171], Vanuatu
Alveopora gigas Veron 1985 Australia
Alveoporajaponica Eguchi 1968 Japan [229,739], Republic of Korea
Alveopora marionensis Veron & Pichon 1982 Australia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Alveopora ocellata Wells 1954 Israel [674]
Alveoporaretusa Verrill 1864 Singapore [710,776]
Alveopora spongiosa Dana 1848 Australia [400], Fiji [506], ?French Polynesia, Indonesia [735a]. Japan, Malaysia:
Sabah [848], Mozambique [637d], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [674], South Africa
[637d], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Viemam
Alveopora superficialis Pillai & Scheer 1976 Indonesia[735a], Maldives [605]
Alveopora tizardi Bassett-Smith 1890 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768],
Pitcairn Islands, Saudi Arabia [674], Vanuatu
Alveopora verrilliana Dana 1872 American Samoa [430], Australia, French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [735a,74 1],
Israel [674], Japan, Kiribati [463], Malaysia: Sabah [848], Mauritius [242], Papua New Guinea, Philippines
[535,768], Saudi Arabia [15], Taiwan [171], United States: Hawaiian Is. [359,751], Vanuatu
Alveopora viridis Quoy & Gaimard 1833 American Samoa [430], Indonesia [735a,741], Israel [674], Maldives
[674,832], Mozambique [674], Papua New Guinea [506], Sri Lanka [558]
Goniopora Blainville 1830 II B -
Sunflower Coral, Daisy Coral
(Red Sea [661], Persian Gulf, East and South A frica [68,329]. Indian Ocean north to the Arabian Gulf [95], Gulf of
Kutch (north-west India), Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar and
54
PORITIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
south-west tip of Australia. South-East Asia. Pacific Ocean. north to Japan [231]; south to Lord Howe Island, east
to Marshall Islands and Tuamotu Archipelago[761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia[770]; Bahrain [95,677]: British Indian Ocean Territory [674,832]: Brunei; China
[668.894.895]: Christmas Island: Comoros: Cook Islands [485]: Djibouti [298]: Egypt [661]: Ethiopia; Federated
States of Micronesia: Fiji; French Polynesia [148.244]: Guam; India [598.602]: Indonesia [735a]: Iran: Israel
[458.661]: Japan [765]; Jordan [661]: Kenya [329]: Kuwait [351a]; Madagascar [587,591]: Malaysia: Peninsular
[36]. Sabah [848]: Maldives [605.674]: Marshall Islands [465,807]; Mauritius [242.674]; Mozambique [68]:
Myanmar [212]: Nauru: New Caledonia [850]: Niue: Norfolk Island: Northern Marianas: Oman [675]: Palau [221]:
Papua New Guinea: Philippines [768]: Qatar: Réunion [69a]: Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [606.674.845]:
Singapore [617]; Solomon Islands [796]: Somalia: South Africa [167,637d]: Sri Lanka; Sudan [661]: Taiwan [171]:
Tanzania [329]: Thailand [186.744]: Tokelau; Tonga [557]; Tuvalu; United Arab Emirates [95,677]: Vanuatu
[762]; Vietnam [436]: Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
Goniopora is an important and common reef-building coral and often occurs in turbid water. Many species have a
widespread distribution, although some are more restricted.
39 nominal species. c. 20 [151] or 30 [766b]valid species. Fourteen species have been recognised from Australia
[761].
Goniopora arbuscula Umbgrove 1939 Indonesia[741]
Goniopora bernardi Faustino 1927 Japan [739]
Goniopora burgosi Nemenzo 1955 Japan, Philippines [523,768], Thailand
Gonioporacellulosa Veron 1990 Japan [764]
Goniopora columna Dana 1848 Australia, China, Fiji [506], India [659,674], Indonesia [735a,741], Japan,
Malaysia: Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465], Myanmar [212,674], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768],
Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Gonioporacrassa Crossland 1948 Mozambique [637d], South Africa [167]
Goniopora djiboutiensis Vaughan 1907 Australia, Djibouti [298,752], India [599], Indonesia [735a], Japan,
Malaysia, ?Marshall Islands, Mozambique [637d], Oman [675], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768],
Somalia, Taiwan [171], Thailand [674.744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Gonioporaeclipsensis Veron & Pichon 1982 Australia, Malaysia
Goniopora fruticosa Kent 1891 Australia [400], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848],
Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Singapore [617], Thailand [674,744]
Goniopora gracilis (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860) Réunion [69]
Goniopora granulosa Pillai & Scheer 1976 Maldives [605]
Goniopora klunzingeri Marenzeller 1906 Israel, Saudi Arabia [15]
Goniopora lobata Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 Australia [758a,792b], India [599], Indonesia [25,735a]. Japan,
Kuwait [35la], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Maldives [599], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674],
Mozambique [637d], Myanmar [212], Oman [675], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Reunion
[69,69a,242], Saudi Arabia [674], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore [617], South Africa [167], Taiwan [171],
Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Goniopora minor Crossland 1952 Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [674], Cook Islands [485], India [602],
Indonesia [735a], Israel [674], Japan, Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Papua New
Guinea, Philippines [768], Seychelles [606], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu
Goniopora muscosa Wells 1954
Goniopora norfolkensis Veron & Pichon 1982 Australia, China, Indonesia [735a], Norfolk Island, Philippines
[768], Vietnam
Goniopora palmensis Veron & Pichon 1982 Australia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768]
Goniopora pandoraensis Veron & Pichon 1982 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia, Philippines [768],
Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Gonioporaparvistella Ortmann 1888 American Samoa [430], Mozambique [674], Tonga [557]
Goniopora pedunculata Quoy & Gaimard 1833 New Guinea [506], Philippines [621]
Gonioporapendulus Veron 1985 Australia, Japan, Philippines [768]
Goniopora planulata (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) Djibouti [298], India [602], Indonesia [728,735Sa], Israel
[674], Maldives [605], Saudi Arabia [15,655], Seychelles [606], Tanzania [560]
Goniopora polyformis (Zou 1980) China, Japan, Philippines
55
PORITIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Goniopora pulvinula Wells 1954 Maldives [674] = G. djiboutiensis [674.2773]
Goniopora sagamiensis Eguchi 1968
Gonioporasamoa Berard 1903 American Samoa [430]
Goniopora savignii Dana 1848 British Indian Ocean Territory [674]. Israel [674], Mauritius [674], Mozambique
[674]. Réunion [242.674]. Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [606.845]. Singapore [557], Tanzania [470]
Goniopora somaliensis Vaughan 1907 Australia, Djibouti [298.752]. Indonesia [735a], Japan [739], Malaysia.
Mozambique [637d], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Reunion [?242.674]. Seychelles [674.845].
Somalia. South Africa [637d]. Vanuatu, Vietnam
Goniopora stokesi Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674]. Djibouti
[298]. India [602.659]. Indonesia [25,735a]. Israel [674], Japan [739], Madagascar [674], Malaysia, Maldives
[605], Mozambique [637d], Papua New Guinea. Philippines [768], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore [557],
South A frica [637d]. Tanzania [470], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Goniopora stutchburyi Wells 1955 Australia [595], China, India [595,602], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia:
Peninsular [36], Papua New Guinea, Singapore [617], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
[436]
Goniopora tenella (Quelch 1886) Israel [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [604], Oman, Philippines [604,621], Taiwan
{171]
Goniopora tenuidens (Quelch 1886) Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], India [602.659].
Indonesia [25,621.735a,741], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Mauritius [242,674], Oman [675], Papua New
Guinea, Philippines [621,768], Réunion [69,242], Solomon Islands [513], Thailand [674,?744], Vanuatu,
Vietnam [19a]
Goniopora viridis (Quoy & Gaimard 1833) Mozambique [674], Solomon Islands [506]
Goniopora wotouensis Zou, Song & Ma 1975 China [897]
Porites Link 1807 I] B -
Hump Coral
(Caribbean [608,833] to Bermuda [682,847]; south to Brazil. Sao Tome, Cape Verde Islands, Gulf of Guinea and
Angola [728]. Red Sea, Persian Gulf, East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean north to Arabian Gulf [95],
Gulf of Kutch (north-west India), Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar,
Cocos (Keeling) Islands and south-west tip of Australia. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan
(231], Midway Islands and Hawaiian Islands; south to Lord Howe Island, Kermadec Islands [761]; east to
California [691], Galapagos Islands [217] and Easter Island)
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Smith [682], Veron [761] or
Wood [847]
American Samoa [430]; Angola [27]; Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Australia [359]; Bahamas [690]; Bahrain
[95]; Barbados [448]; Belize [102]; Bermuda [381]; Brazil [420]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]:
British Virgin Islands [214]; Brunei; Cape Verde [27]; Cayman Islands [250]; Chile: Easter Island [820]; China
[668]; Christmas Island [29]; China [894,895]; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Colombia [235,615]; Comoros; Cook
Islands [485]; Costa Rica [158]; Cuba [416,889]; Djibouti [298]; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Ecuador:
including Galapagos Islands [68,217,827]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji [557]; French
Polynesia [148,244]; Gabon [141]; Grenada; Guadeloupe; Guam; Haiti; Honduras [250,739]; India [598,602];
Indonesia [735a]; Iran; Israel [458,661]; Jamaica [833]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati [872a];
Kuwait [351a]; Liberia [421]; Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674];
Marshall Islands [465,807]; Martinique [70]; Mauritius [242,674]; Mexico [241,375a]; Montserrat; Mozambique
[68,845]; Myanmar [212]; Nauru; Netherlands Antilles [653]; New Caledonia [850]; New Zealand: Kermadec
Islands; Nicaragua; Niue; Northern Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Panama [608]; Papua New Guinea;
Philippines [768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]; Puerto Rico [746]; Qatar; Réunion [69a]; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint
Lucia [639]; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [621]; Samoa; Sao Tome and Principe [27]; Saudi Arabia [15];
Seychelles [606,674,845]; Singapore [617]; Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; South A frica [637d]; Sri Lanka [558];
Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga [557]; Trinidad and Tobago;
Turks and Caicos; Tuvalu [835]; United Arab Emirates [95,677]; United States: California, Florida [381], Hawaiian
Islands [107,464]; United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467]; Vanuatu [762]; Venezuela [14];
Vietnam [436]; Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen [654]
Porites is one of the most important reef-building genera, often forming very large colonies. It occurs widely
elsewhere, and is one of the most tolerant of all corals to turbid water.
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PORITIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Approximately 122 nominal species. the majority of which are invalid [761]. The number of valid species is c. 80
[151.766b]: 16 have been recorded from Australia[761] and probably 5 occur in the Atlantic [847].
Porites annae Crossland 1952 Australia [168.792b]. Indonesia [735a]. Japan, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea.
Philippines [768]. Taiwan [171]. Thailand. Vanuatu, Vietnam
Porites aranetai Nemenzo 1955 Australia, Japan, Philippines [523,768], Sri Lanka
Porites astreoides Lamarck 1816 Mustard Hill Coral Bahamas [690], Barbados [448], Belize [102]. Bermuda
[191], Brazil [419.420.779], British Virgin Islands, Cape Verde [40,142], Cayman Islands [250]. Colombia
[235], Cuba [416,889], Honduras [250.739], Jamaica [284,380a], Martinique [70], Mexico [74.241.375a].
Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169], Puerto Rico [10a,746], Saint Lucia [639], Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines [621]. United States [611], Venezuela[14], Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Porites attenuata Nemenzo 1955 Japan, Philippines [523,768], Vanuatu
Porites australiensis Vaughan 1918 Australia [754], British Indian Ocean Territory [644.672], Cocos (Keeling)
Islands [766a], Fiji [557], French Polynesia [148,593], India [599], Indonesia [735a]. Japan, Malaysia,
Marshall Islands [465], New Caledonia [482], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea [557], Philippines [768],
Pitcairn Islands [572], Saudi Arabia [15], Solomon Islands [557], Sri Lanka [558], Taiwan [171], Tanzania
[714a], Thailand. Vanuatu [19a], Vietnam [436]
Porites baracoensis Vaughan 1919
Porites baueri Squires 1959 Mexico [375a.691]
Porites bernardi Vaughan 1907 United States: Hawaiian Is [751]
Porites branneri Rathbun 1887 Brazil [419,420,629], Cayman Islands [250], Mexico [375a], Netherlands Antilles
[653], Panama [169], United States
Porites brighami Vaughan 1907 Palau [221], United States: Hawaiian Islands [751] =?
Porites californica Verrill 1869 Mexico [216,375a,781], Panama [219]
Porites colonensis Ziatarski 1990 Panama [365,888]
Porites columnaris Klunzinger 1879 Mauritius [242,674]
Porites compressa Dana 1848 India [602], Indonesia [735a], Kuwait [35la], Malaysia: Peninsular [604],
Mozambique [637d,674], Palau [221], Philippines [604], Taiwan [171], United States: Hawaiian Islands
[603,621,751]
Porites crassistellata Quelch 1886 Fiji [621], Indonesia[735a]
Porites cribripora Dana 1848 Fiji [262,557], Sri Lanka [558]
Porites cumulatus Nemenzo 1955 Philippines [523,768]
Porites cylindrica Dana 1848 Branching Coral American Samoa [430,603], Australia [359,754,792b], British
Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [674,766a], China, Fiji [557], India [602],
Indonesia [735a,741], Japan, Kiribati [872a], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: ?Peninsular [736], Sabah [848],
Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], New Caledonia [482],
Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore [710], Solomon Islands
[513], South Africa [637d], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [329], Thailand [674,744], Tonga [359], Vanuatu,
Vietnam [19a] Note that P. /evis Dana 1848 has page priority over P. cylindrica
Porites deformis Nemenzo 1955 Japan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [523,768], Vanuatu
Porites densa Vaughan 1918 Australia[754], Indonesia [735a], Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Vietnam [436]
Porites duerdeni Vaughan 1907 Indonesia[735a], United States: Hawaiian Is [751]
Porites echinulata Klunzinger 1879 Israel [674], Sri Lanka [558,634], Tanzania [560]
Porites eridani Umbgrove 1940 Australia [604], India [602], Indonesia [735a,742], Japan, Malaysia: Peninsular
[36,604], Philippines [768]
Porites erosa Dana 1848
Porites evermanni Vaughan 1907 Australia, ?Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Japan, Papua New Guinea,
Philippines, United States: Hawaiian Is [751]
Porites exilis Gardiner 1898 Fiji[262], New Caledonia [262]
Porites exserta Pillai 1969 India [595,602]
Porites favosa Dana 1848 Fiji [?262,506], Indonesia [735a]
Porites gaimardi Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 Australia [558], ?Fiji [262], Indonesia [621], Papua New Guinea
[558], Solomon Islands [558], Sri Lanka [634], Tuvalu [835]
Porites galeata Nemenzo 1955 Philippines [523]
Porites heronensis Veron 1985 Australia, Japan, Papua New Guinea
Porites horizontalata Hoffmeister 1925 American Samoa [359,430], British Indian Ocean Territory [674],
Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Maldives [674], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768],
Vanuatu
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PORITIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Porites irregularis (Verrill 1864) French Polynesia [593]. United States: Hawaiian Is [751,776]
Porites iwavamaensis Eguchi 1938 British Indian Ocean Territory [644.672]. Federated States of Micronesia [604].
Indonesia [735a]. Madagascar [674]. Malaysia: Peninsular [36,604], Marshall Islands [604]. Mauritius
[242.674], Palau [221]. Réunion [69.242]. Seychelles [21.674]
Porites latistellata Quelch 1886 American Samoa [430]. French Polynesia [621]. Japan, Philippines [768], Vanuatu
Porites lichen Dana 1848 American Samoa [430], Australia [792b]. British Indian Ocean Territory [644.672].
Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a]. Fiji [262], French Polynesia [148,593]. India [602], Indonesia [735a,742],
Israel [674]. Japan. Kiribati [872a], Madagascar [674], Malaysia, Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465],
Mauritius [242.674], Mozambique [674], New Caledonia [262], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines
[768], Saudi Arabia [674], Seychelles [674], Taiwan [171], Tuvalu [835], United States: Hawaiian Is [751].
Vanuatu, Vietnam. Yemen [654]
Porites limosa Dana 1848 Fiji [506]
Porites lobata Dana 1848 American Samoa [430.603], Australia [792b], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a]. Chile:
Easter I. [748.820], China. Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [827], Fiji [359], French Polynesia [148.593]. India
[602.659], Indonesia [735a], Japan. Kiribati [463,872a], Malaysia, Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius
[242.674], Mozambique [637d.674], Myanmar [212], New Caledonia [482], Panama [781], Papua New
Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845], Solomon Islands [513], South Africa
[637d]. Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Tuvalu [835], United States: Hawaiian Is [359,751]. United States
minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Porites lutea Quoy & Gaimard 1833 American Samoa [430.603], Australia [754,758a,792b], British Indian Ocean
Territory [644.672], Cocos (Keeling) Islands, China, Fiji [262], French Polynesia [148,593], India [602.659].
Indonesia [735a,741], Israel [674], Japan, Kiribati [463,872a], Kuwait [35la], Malaysia: Sabah [848],
Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], Myanmar [212], New
Caledonia [482], Oman [675], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands, Réunion
[69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [606,845], Singapore [617j, Solomon Islands [513], South Africa
{167,637d], Sri Lanka [558], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [714a], Thailand [701,744], Tonga [558], Tuvalu [835],
United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Porites mannarensis Pillai 1969 India [595,602]
Porites matthaii Wells 1954 American Samoa [430]
Porites mayeri Vaughan 1918 Australia[754], Indonesia [735a], Israel [674], Japan, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [768], Vietnam
Porites minicoiensis Pillai 1969 India [595,602]
Porites mordax Dana 1848 French Polynesia[148,593], Indonesia, United States: Hawaiian Is [751]
Porites mucronata Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 Palau [221], Philippines [508]
Porites murrayensis Vaughan 1918 American Samoa [430], Australia [359,754], ?Fiji [359], India [659,674],
Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], New Caledonia
[482], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vietnam [436]
Porites myrmidonensis Veron 1985 Australia
Porites negrosensis Veron 1990 Japan [764], Philippines [764]
Porites nigrescens Dana 1848 Australia [168], British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], Cocos (Keeling) Islands
[674], Fiji [506], India [659,674], Indonesia [735a,742], Japan, Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36],
Sabah [848], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], Oman [674], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [768], Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [674], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore [617], Solomon
Islands [513], South Africa [637d], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Tonga, Vanuatu, Vietnam [19a]
Porites nodifera Klunzinger 1879 India [671a], Myanmar [212], Oman [675], Saudi Arabia [15,655], Tanzania
[560]
Porites okinawensis Veron 1990 Japan [764], ?Palau
Porites panamensis Verrill 1866 Mexico [375a], Panama [777,781]
Porites parvistellata Quelch 1886 Fiji [262], Vanuatu [621]
Porites porites (Pallas 1766) Club Finger Coral Bahamas [690], Barbados [448,557], Belize [102], Bermuda
[191,418,787], British Virgin Islands, Cape Verde [40,142], Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Cuba
[416.889], Guadeloupe [506], Honduras [250,739], Jamaica [284,380a], Martinique [70], Mexico
(74,241,375a], Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169], Puerto Rico [10a,746], Saint Lucia [639], United
States [611,776], Venezuela[14], Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Porites portoricensis (Vaughan 1919)
Porites profundus Rehberg 1892 Madagascar [631], Maldives [605]
Porites pukoensis Vaughan 1907 American Samoa [430], Indonesia [735a], Kiribati [463], Madagascar [242,674],
Mauritius [674], New Caledonia [482], Réunion [242,674], United States: Hawaiian Is [359,751]
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PORITIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Porites rus (Forskal 1775) American Samoa [359.430]. Australia. British Indian Ocean Territory [672]. Cocos
(Keeling) Islands [766a]. Costa Rica. Fiji [506]. French Polynesia [148,593,776]. India [599]. Indonesia
[735a]. Israel. Japan. Kenya [329]. Malaysia: Peninsular [36]. Sabah [848]. Maldives [605]. Marshall Islands
[465]. Mauritius [242.674], Papua New Guinea. Philippines [768]. Saudi Arabia [15]. Seychelles [606.845].
Singapore [617]. Sri Lanka [558]. Taiwan [171]. Tanzania [329], Thailand [701,744]. Tuvalu [835], United
States: Hawaiian Is [751]. Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Porites saccharata Briiggemann 1878 Indonesia[710], Singapore [92,710]
Porites sillimaniani Nemenzo 1976 Japan. Philippines [532.768], Vanuatu
Porites solida (Forskal 1775) Australia. British Indian Ocean Territory [644.672], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a].
Djibouti [298], Fiji [262]. French Polynesia, India [602,659], Indonesia [25,735a], Israel [674], Japan.
Madagascar [674]. Malaysia. Maldives [605]. Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674]. Mozambique
[637d.674]. Myanmar [212], New Caledonia [482], Oman [675]. Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768].
Réunion [69.69a.242]. Saudi Arabia [15.655j. South Africa [167.637d], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [470.560].
Thailand. United States, Vanuatu. Vienam
Porites somaliensis Gravier 1910 British Indian Ocean Territory [2?672,674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a].
Djibouti [297.298]. India [599.674], Madagascar [674]. Mauritius [242.674], Palau [221], Reunion [242.674],
Saudi Arabia [655], Somalia. Tanzania [714a] = P. lutea [602.674]
Porites stephensoni Crossland 1952 Australia [168], Cook Islands [485], Indonesia [735a]. Japan, Malaysia,
Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [674], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744]. Vanuatu, Vietnam [436],
Porites studeri Vaughan 1907 Israel [674], United States: Hawaiian Is [751]
Porites superfusa Gardiner 1898 French Polynesia[148], Malaysia: Peninsular [604], Marshall Islands [465]. New
Caledonia [262], Tuvalu [604]
Porites tenuis Verrill 1866 Fiji [262], Japan [604], Malaysia: Peninsular [604], Palau [221], Philippines [768].
Taiwan [171], United States: Hawaiian Is [604,751], Vanuatu [621]
Porites trimurata Gardiner 1898 Fiji [262], New Caledonia [262]
Porites umbellifera Gardiner 1898 New Caledonia [262]
Porites vaughani Crossland 1952 Australia [168], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Kiribati [463], Malaysia. Marshall
Islands [465]. Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Porites waylandi Foster 1986
Stylaraea Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 II B -
(Red Sea, East Africa, Madagascar, Aldabra, southern Philippines, Palau Islands, Micronesia, south to Lesser Sunda
Islands, New Guinea, New Britain and the Great Barrier Reef [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761
Australia; Djibouti; Egypt; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Guam; Israel; Kenya; Madagascar [674]:
Mozambique [68]; Palau; ?Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]: Seychelles: Aldabra [674]; Sri Lanka [558,634];
Sudan; Tanzania
1 species [766b]. Very rare, and restricted to shallow-water environments uninhabited by other corals [761].
Chevalier (1987) [151] treated Snlaraea as synonymous with Porites.
Stylaraea punctata (Linnaeus 1758)
Family SIDERASTREIDAE Vaughan & Wells 1943
Anomastraea Marenzeller 1901 II B -
Crisp Pillow Coral
(Persian Gulf and Arabian Gulf [95]. East and South A frica [68,329])
Kenya [68]; Kuwait [351a]; Malaysia; Maldives; Mozambique [329]; Oman [675]; Saudi Arabia [23]; Seychelles;
South A frica [167,845]; Tanzania [68,470]; United Arab Emirates [95]
A small, uncommon coral.
1 species [151,766b,847]
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SIDERASTREIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Anomastraea irregularis Marenzeller 1901
Coscinastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Il B -
Wrinkle Coral
(Red Sea [661]. Persian Gulf. East and South Africa [68.329]. Indian Ocean, north to Arabian Gulf [95]. Gulf of
Kutch (north-west India). Gulf of Mannar (southern India), Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar and east to
Australia. including the entire south coast [761]. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to Japan [231], Midway
Islands and Hawaiian Islands [464]. south to south-east Australia: east to the Tuamotu Archipelago [244}).
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]: Australia[813]: Bahrain [95,677]; British Indian Ocean Territory [674.832]: Brunei: China
[668]: Christmas Island; Comoros: Cook Islands: Djibouti [298]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of
Micronesia: Fiji [359]; French Polynesia [148.244]; Guam: India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a]: Iran: Israel
[458.661]: Japan [765]: Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati [463]; Kuwait [35a]; Madagascar [587,591]:
Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]: Maldives [605.674]: Marshall Islands [807]; Mauritius [674], Mozambique
[68,845]; Myanmar [212]: Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Northern Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau [221]: Papua
New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Qatar; Réunion [69]; Samoa: Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845]: Singapore:
Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; South A frica [845]; Sri Lanka [558]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]:
Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga; Tuvalu [835]; United Arab Emirates [95,677]; United States: Hawaiian
Islands [464]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
Coscinastrea is unusual in that two species (C. meneilli and C. marshae) are restricted to southern temperate waters
and never found on tropical coral reefs. Most species are relatively uncommon, except for C. exesa [761]. The name
of the genus is frequently spelt Coscinar(a)ea but this is an incorrect emendation of the original spelling.
Approximately 14 nominal species, c. 6 [151] or 12 [766b] valid species, of which 6 occur in Australia[761]
Coscinastrea bottae Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
Coscinastreacolumna (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [758a,792b], British Indian Ocean Territory
[672,674], China, Fiji [359], French Polynesia [148,593], Indonesia [735a], Japan [739], Kuwait [35 la],
Madagascar [674], Malaysia, Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [674], Mozambique [637d,674], ?New
Caledonia [482], Oman [675], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands, Réunion [674],
Seychelles [674,845], Singapore, South Africa [637d,845], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Tuvalu [835],
Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Coscinastreacrassa Veron & Pichon 1980 Australia, Japan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768]
Coscinastrea exesa (Dana 1848) Australia, Fiji [506], India [599], Indonesia [735a], Japan [869], Maldives
[270,371], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Seychelles [371], Thailand [701], Vanuatu,
Vietnam
Coscinastrea hahazimaensis Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 Japan
Coscinastreamarshae Wells 1962 Australia[813]
Coscinastreamcneilli Wells 1962 Australia[813], Indonesia [735a]
Coscinastrea monile (Forskal 1775) British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Djibouti [298], French Polynesia
[593], India [602], Israel [674], Japan, Kiribati [463], Kuwait, Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36],
Maldives [270,605], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], Myanmar [212,674], Oman [675],
Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [371,674], South Africa [637d], Sri Lanka [560], Tanzania
[560], Thailand [674]
Coscinastrea wellsi Veron & Pichon 1980 Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Indonesia [735a],
Japan, ?Madagascar, Marshall Islands, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Thailand [674,744], Vieam
Horastrea Pichon 1971 II B -
(East Africa; Madagascar and central Indian Ocean [761])
British Indian Ocean Territory [151]; Madagascar [674]; Mauritius [242,674]; Mozambique [637,674,845];
Réunion [69,242,674]; South A frica [637d]
An inconspicuouscoral, although relatively common within its range [761]
1 species [151,766b]
Horastrea indica Pichon 1971
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SIDERASTREIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Plesioseris Duncan 1884 ll B -
(Red Sea. Indo-Pacific east to Polynesia[151])
Australia: Solomon Islands [796]
2-3 species [151]
Plesioseris australiae (Rousseau 1854)
Psammocora Dana 1848 Il B -
Sandpaper Coral
(Red Sea [661]. Persian Gulf. East and South Africa [68.329]. Indian Ocean, north to Arabian Gulf [95], southem
India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar. Cocos (Keeling) Islands and
Houtman Abrolhos Islands (western Australia). South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan [231],
Midway Islands and Hawaiian Islands; south to Lord Howe Island and Pitcairn Islands [761]; east to California,
Easter Island, Galapagos Islands and Colombia)
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [770]; Bahrain [95,677]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644.674.8532]: Brunei;
Chile: Easter Island [217]; China [668]; Christmas Island: Cocos (Keeling), [763]; Colombia [615]: Comoros: Cook
Islands: Costa Rica [158]; Djibouti; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [38,827]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia: Federated States
of Micronesia: Fiji [691]; French Polynesia [148,244]; Guam; India [598.602]; Indonesia [735a]; Iran; Israel
[458.661]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati [463]; Kuwait [35la]; Madagascar [587,591];
Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605.674]; Marshall Islands [465,807]; Mauritius [242.674];
Mexico [375a.691]; Mozambique [68,845]; Myanmar; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue, Northern Marianas:
Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Panama [691]; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]; Qatar;
Réunion [69a]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [606,674,845]; Singapore [617]; Solomon Islands [796];
Somalia: South Africa [845]; Sri Lanka [558]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744].
Tokelau; Tonga; Tuvalu [604,835]; United Arab Emirates [95,677]; United States: Hawaiian Islands [464]; United
States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
[654]
Psammocora was included in the family Thamnasteriidae (now restricted to fossil species). Veron (1986) [761]
placed Psammocora close to Coscinastrea in the family Siderastreidae, but Chevalier and Beauvais (1987) [151] set
up a new family for it. A relatively common, widespread reef coral, although some of the species are rare.
About 14-15 [151,766b] species
Psammocora brighami (Vaughan 1907) Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [827], Mexico [219,375a,631b,691],
Mozambique [674], Taiwan [171], United States: Hawaiian Islands [691,751]
Psammocora contigua (Esper 1797) American Samoa [430], Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean Ternitory
[644,672], China, Fiji [506], French Polynesia [593], India [270,599,602], Indonesia [735a,741], Japan, Kenya
[329], Kiribati [463], Kuwait [35 1a], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36,604], Sabah [848], Maldives
[270,674], Marshall Islands [604], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], New Caledonia (359],
Oman [675], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15,655],
Seychelles [674,845], Singapore [359,617,710], Solomon Islands [513], Sri Lanka [558], Taiwan (171),
Tanzania [329], Thailand [701,744], Tuvalu [604,835], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Psammocora decussata Y abe & Sugiyama 1937 Japan [869]
Psammocora digitata Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 Australia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Fiji, French
Polynesia [593], India [602], Indonesia [735a,742], Japan, Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives
[605,832], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Seychelles [606], Singapore [617], Taiwan [171], Thailand
[674.744], Vanuatu [19aj, Vietnam [436]
Psammocoraexplanulatavan der Horst 1922 Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], French Polynesia
[593]. Indonesia [735a], Marshall Islands [807], Mozambique [637d], Philippines [768], Réunion [69,242],
Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [371,684], Sudan
Psammocorafolium Umbgrove 1939 American Samoa [430], Indonesia [735a,74 1], Maldives [674,832], Mauritius
[242,674]
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SIDERASTREIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Psammocora haimiana Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [371]. China.
Cocos (Keeling) Islands [674 but see 766a]. French Polynesia [593]. India [599.602]. Indonesia [735a.741].
Israel [674]. Japan. Madagascar [674]. Malaysia. Maldives [270.674]. Marshall Islands [465]. Mauritius
[242.674]. Mozambique [637d.674]. Papua New Guinea. Philippines [768]. Pitcairn Islands [572], Réunion
[69.242]. Saudi Arabia [15]. Seychelles [506.674]. Singapore, South Africa [637d.845], Vanuatu. Vietnam.
Yemen [654]
Psammocora nierstraszi van der Horst 1921 American Samoa [430], Australia. British Indian Ocean Territory
[672.674], French Polynesia [148.593], Indonesia [369,735a], Israel [674], Japan, Madagascar [674],
Malaysia, Maldives [674,832]. Marshall Islands [465]. Mauritius [242.674]. Philippines [768]. Réunion
[69.242]. Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674]. Tanzania [329], United States minor outlying islands: Johnston
Atoll [467], Vietnam
Psammocora obtusangula (Lamarck 1816) French Polynesia [148], Pitcairn Islands [572], Singapore [560].
Tanzania [560]. Tonga [560]
Psammocora profundacella Gardiner 1898 Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674], Cocos (Keeling)
Islands [766a], French Polynesia [148,593], India [483,602], Indonesia [735a], Japan [739], Kiribati [463].
Malaysia: Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], New Caledonia [?482], Palau [221].
Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768]. Pitcairn Islands, Réunion [69], Saudi Arabia [15]. South Africa
[167,637d], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Psammocora stellata (Verrill 1866) Costa Rica: Cocos I. [691], Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [827]. Fiji [691].
Mexico [375a,631b,691,781], Panama [691,777,781], United States: Hawaiian Islands [691,751], United
States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467]
Psammocora superficialis Gardiner 1898 American Samoa [430], Australia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Costa
Rica, Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [827], French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [735a], Japan [739], Kuwait
[351a], Marshall Islands, New Caledonia [359], ?0man [675], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines
[768], Saudi Arabia [674], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Psammocoravaughani Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 Australia[758a], Japan [739], Mauritius [242.674]. Vanuatu
= P. contigua [674]
Psammocoraverrilli Vaughan 1907 Kiribati [463], Taiwan [171], United States: Hawaiian Is [751]
Pseudosiderastrea Yabe & Sugiyama 1935 Il B -
False Pillow Coral
(Oman and Eastern Indian Ocean: Gulf of Kutch (north-west India), southern India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Malaysia, Indonesia, Irian Jaya, Philippines north to Taiwan, south to Dampier (north-west Australia) and Great
Barrier Reef [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
Australia [792b]; Brunei; Christmas Island; India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a,867]; Japan; Kuwait; Malaysia:
Peninsular [186]; Mozambique; Myanmar; Oman [675]; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Singapore [617];
Thailand [186,744]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [436]
A small, inconspicuous and uncommon reef coral [148]. Chevalier (1987) [151] treated Pseudosiderastrea as
synonymous with Siderastrea.
3 nominal species, | valid species [761,766b].
Pseudosiderastreatayamai Y abe & Sugiyama 1935
Siderastrea Blainville 1830 II B -
African Pillow Coral
(Caribbean [608,833], south to Brazil. Bermuda [118]. Gulf of Guinea, Cape Verde Islands and Senegal [728]. Red
Sea [661], Persian Gulf, Arabian Gulf [95], East and South Africa [68,329], India and Myanmar [674])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Smith [682], Veron [761] or
Wood [847]
Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Bahamas [690]; Bahrain [95]; Barbados [448]; Belize [102]; Bermuda [191,381]:
Brazil [420]; British Virgin Islands [214]; Cape Verde [27]; Cayman Islands [250]; Colombia [235,615]; Costa Rica
[158]; Cuba [416,889]; Djibouti [298]; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Egypt [661]; Equatorial Guinea [142];
SIDERASTREIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Ethiopia: Grenada: Guadeloupe: Guinea [141]: Haiti [776]; Honduras [250,739]: India [598.602]: Iran: Israel
[458.661]: Jamaica [833]: Japan [869]: Jordan [661]: Kenya [329]: Kuwait [35 1a]: Madagascar [587.591]: Maldives
[270]: Martinique [70]: Mauritius: Mexico [241.375a]: Montserrat: Mozambique [68]: Myanmar [212]: Netherlands
Antilles [653]: Nicaragua: Oman [675]: Palau: Panama [365.608]: Philippines [768]: Puerto Rico [10a.746]: Saint
Kitts and Nevis: Saint Lucia [639]: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: Sao Tome and Principe [27]: Saudi Arabia
[15]: Senegal [27]: Seychelles [845]: Somalia: Sri Lanka [558]: Sudan [661]: Taiwan [171]: Tanzania [329]:
Trinidad and Tobago: Turks and Caicos: United Arab Emirates [95.677]; United States: Florida [381]: Virgin
Islands of the United States [640a]; Venezuela[14]: Yemen
In the western Atlantic, Siderastrea is common and occurs on most reefs [847]. Elsewhere in its range it is
inconspicuousand uncommon. Three species occur in the Western Atlantic. of which one. S. stellata is endemic to
Brazil [420]. There is prooably only a single species in the Red Sea and western Indian Ocean, S. savigmana.
5-6 species [151.766b]
Siderastrea glynni Budd & Guzman 1994 Panama [94]
Siderastrea radians (Pallas 1766) Rough Starlet Coral Bahamas [690], Barbados [448], Belize [102], Bermuda
[418.787]. Brazil [142], British Virgin Islands, Cape Verde [40,142], Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235],
Cuba [416.889], Equatorial Guinea [142], Guinea [142], Haiti [776], Honduras [250], Jamaica [284.380a],
Madagascar [674], Martinique [70], Mexico (241,375a], Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169], Puerto
Rico [10a,746], Saint Lucia [639], Sao Tome and Principe [142.296], United States [142]
Siderastrea savignyana Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 Djibouti [298], India [602], Israel [674], Japan [869],
Kuwait [351a], Maldives [270], Mozambique [674], Myanmar [212,674], Oman [675], Palau, Philippines
[768], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845], Sri Lanka [560], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [470,560],
Venezuela[14]
Siderastrea siderea (Ellis & Solander 1786) Smooth Starlet Coral Bahamas [690], Barbados [448], Belize [102],
Bermuda [418,787], Brazil [213], British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Cuba [416],
Haiti [776], Honduras [250,739], Jamaica [284,380a], Martinique [70], Mexico [241], Mozambique [674],
Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169], Puerto Rico [10a,746], Saint Lucia [639], United States [611],
Venezuela[14], Virgin Islands of the United States [640a] = S. radians [375a]
Siderastrea stellata Verrill 1868 Brazil (419,420,779, 787]
Family AGARICIIDAE Gray 1847
Agaricia Lamarck 1801 II B =
(Caribbean [608,833] south to Brazil; Bermuda [682,847]; eastern Atlantic [766])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionshown in Smith [682] and Wood [847]
Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Bahamas [690]; Barbados [448]; Belize [102]; Bermuda [191,381]; Brazil [420];
British Virgin Islands [214]; Cayman Islands [250]; Colombia [235,615]; Costa Rica [158]; Cuba [416,889];
Dominica; Dominican Republic; Grenada; Guadeloupe; Haiti [776]; Honduras [250,739]; Jamaica [833];
Martinique [70]; Mexico [241,375a]; Montserrat; Netherlands Antilles [653]; Nicaragua; Panama [608]; Puerto
Rico [10a]; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia [639]; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Trinidad and Tobago; Turks
and Caicos; USA: Florida [381,611]; Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]; Venezuela[14]
A common coral occurring in most reef habitats; grows on deep reefs in low light conditions.
5-7 species [766b] or 12 species [151]
Agaricia agaricites (Linnaeus 1758) Leaf Coral, Pineapple Coral Bahamas [690,786], Barbados [448], Belize
[102], British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Cuba [416,889], Haiti [776], Honduras
[250,739], Jamaica [284,380a], Martinique, Mexico [74,241,375a], Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169],
Puerto Rico [10a], Saint Lucia [639], United States [611], Venezuela [14], Virgin Islands of the United States
[640a]
Agaricia fragilis (Dana 1848) Fragile Saucer Coral, Hat Coral, Shade Coral Barbados [448], Bermuda
[191,418,787], Belize [102], Brazil [419,420], Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Jamaica [284],
Martinique, Mexico [74,375a], Netherlands Antilles [653], United States [611], Virgin Islands of the United
States [640a]
AGARICIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Agaricia grahamae Wells 1973 Cayman Islands [250]. Colombia [235]
Agaricia humilis Verrill 1901 Brazil [419.420.787]. Cayman Islands [250]
Agaricia lamarcki Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 Sheet Coral Belize [102]. Cayman Islands [250]. Colombia
(235]. Honduras [250]. Martinique. Mexico [375a]. Netherlands Antilles [653], Virgin Islands of the United
States [640a]
Agaricia tenuifolia Dana 1848 Ribbon Coral Belize [102], Colombia [235], Honduras [250], Mexico [375a],
Netherlands Antilles [653]. Panama [169]
Agaricia undata (Ellis & Solander 1786) Scroll Coral Mexico [375a]
Coeloseris Vaughan 1918 ll B =
(East Africa. Andaman and Nicobar Islands. South-east Asia, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Rowley Shoals
(northern Australia)and Middleton Reef (eastern Australia); east to Samoa [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
Australia [754]; Brunei; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji; India [598,602,659]; Indonesia [735a,741]; Japan
[765.869]; Malaysia: Peninsular [186], Sabah [848]; Mozambique [637d]; Myanmar [483]: New Caledonia [850]:
Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea: Philippines [754.768]: Samoa; Solomon Islands [513,796]; South Africa [637d]:
Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam; Wallis and Futuna
May be locally common, especially on the reef rim, but generally has a scattered distribution [761,847].
3 nominal species, | valid species [151,766b]
Coeloseris mayeri Vaughan 1918
Gardineroseris Scheer & Pillai 1974 I B -
(Red Sea [661], East Africa. Indian Ocean, north to the Maldives [761], Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui
Archipelago; south to Madagascar and Ningaloo Reefs (western Australia). South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to
southern Japan, Guam, Phoenix Islands [761], Tubuai Islands; south to Solitary Islands (eastern Australia) and
Tonga; east to Galapagos Islands [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [792b]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672,674,832]: Brunei; Christmas
Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763,766a]; Colombia [615]; Comoros; Cook Islands; Djibouti; Ecuador: Galapagos
Islands [827]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji [557]; French Polynesia
[148,244,554,593]: Guam; India [270,598,602,659]; Indonesia [735a]; Iran; Israel [458,661]; Japan [765]; Jordan
[661]; Kiribati [463]; Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [270,605,674];
Marshall Islands [807]; Mauritius [242]; Mozambique [637d]; Myanmar; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue;
Oman [675]; Palau; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Réunion [69,242]: Samoa: Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles
[674,845]; Singapore; Solomon Islands [796]; South Africa [637d]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Thailand
[186,744,766]; Tokelau; Tonga; Tuvalu; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
1 widely distributed species [151]; possibly a second, undescribed, from Thailand [766]; at least two species [766b]
Gardineroseris planulata (Dana 1848)
Leptoseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 II B -
Slender Lettuce Coral
(Caribbean [847]. Red Sea [661], East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to the Maldives [832],
Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar and Houtman Abrolhos Islands
(western Australia) [770]. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan [739], Midway Islands and Hawaiian Islands;
south to Lord Howe Island, Kermadec Islands [761]; east to Panama, Colombia, Galapagos Islands and Easter
Island [820])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Smith [682], Veron [761] or
Wood [847]
64
AGARICIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
American Samoa [430]: Anguilla: Antigua and Barbuda: Australia [185]; Bahamas [381]; Barbados [612]: Belize
(102]: Brazil [420]: British Indian Ocean Territory [644.674]: British Virgin Islands [214]: Brunei: Cayman Islands
[250]: Chile: including Easter Island [185]: China [668.894.895]: Christmas Island: Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]:
Colombia [235.615]: Comoros: Cook Islands: Costa Rica [158]: Cuba [416.889]: Djibouti: Dominica: Dominican
Republic [185]: Ecuador: including Galapagos Islands [217]: Egypt [661]: Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia:
Fiji; French Polynesia [148.244]: Grenada: Guadeloupe: Guam; Haiti; Honduras [250]: India [598,602]; Indonesia
[185, 735a]: Israel [458.661]: Jamaica [833]: Japan [765]: Jordan [661]: Kenya [329]: Kiribati [463]: Kuwait:
Madagascar [587,591]: Malaysia: Peninsular [36]. Sabah [848]; Maldives [605.674]; Marshall Islands [465.807]:
Martinique [70]; Mauritius [185]: Mexico [375a.381]: Montserrat: Mozambique [68.845]: Myanmar: Nauru:
Netherlands Antilles [653]; New Caledonia [850]; New Zealand: Kermadec Islands [413]; Nicaragua; Niue:
Northern Marianas: Oman [675]: Palau [221]; Panama [608]; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]: Pitcaim
Islands [572]: Puerto Rico [185]: Réunion [69.185]: Saint Kitts and Nevis: Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines: Samoa: Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845]: Singapore; Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia: Sri
Lanka: Sudan [661]: Taiwan [171]: Tanzania [329]: Thailand [186.744]: Tokelau; Tonga: Trinidad and Tobago;
Turks and Caicos [786]: Tuvalu: United States: California. Florida, Hawaiian Islands [107,464]; United States
minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467]; Vanuatu [762]; Venezuela; Vietnam [436]; Virgin Islands of the
United States [185,640a]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
The presence of this genus in the western Atlantic has only fairly recently been recognised [185]. Leptoseris forms
delicate, often leafy colonies, particularly on lower reef slopes and walls.
11 species recognized (and 2 others of indeterminate status) by Dinesen [185], and 1 described subsequently [714]:
about 13 [151] or 14 [766b] species. L. explanata was synonymized with L. scabra by Dinesen but Veron [766]
continued to recognize it.
Leptoseris amitoriensis Veron 1990 Japan [764]
Leptoseris cailleti (Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864) Barbados [185], DO [185], Martinique, Netherlands Antilles
[185], Panama [185], Puerto Rico [185,746], Virgin Islands of the United States [185]
Leptoseris cucullata (Ellis & Solander 1786) Barbados [185,448], Belize [102,185], Cayman Islands [250],
Colombia [235], Cuba [416,889], Honduras [250], Jamaica [185,284], Martinique, Mexico [375a],
Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169], Puerto Rico [10a], Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [185], Turks
and Caicos [786], United States, Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Leptoseris edwardsi Rousseau 1854 Indonesia[735a], Thailand [674,744] :
Leptoseris explanata Yabe & Sugiyama 1941 Australia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Indonesia [735a], Israel
[674], Mozambique [637d], Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15], South Africa [637d], Taiwan [171],
Thailand [674,744], Vietnam [436] = L. scabra [185]
Leptoseris foliosa Dinesen 1980 Australia[185], British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Ecuador, Egypt, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Seychelles,
Singapore, Solomon Islands [185], Sudan, Taiwan, Thailand [744], Vanuatu, Vietnam = L. tenuis [674]
Leptoseris fragilis Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 French Polynesia [593], India [602], Israel [674], Maldives
[270,674], Réunion [69,242], Seychelles [371]
Leptoseris gardineri (van der Horst 1922) American Samoa [430], Australia [185], Indonesia [735a], Israel [674],
Japan, Malaysia, Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [185], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768],
Seychelles [371,674], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Viemam
Leptoseris glabra Dinesen 1980 Australia [185], India [674], Israel [185], Malaysia: Sabah [848], Palau [185],
Réunion [185], Solomon Islands [185]
Leptoseris hawaiiensis Vaughan 1907 Austraiia[185], British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], French Polynesia
[148,593], India [483,599], Indonesia [735a], Israel [674], Japan [739], Madagascar [674], Malaysia:
Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives [185], Marshall Islands [185], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique
[674], New Zealand: Kermadec Is [413], Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [572],
Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore, Solomon Islands, Taiwan [171],
Thailand [674,744], United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751], United States minor outlying islands: Johnston
Atoll [467]
Leptoseris incrustans (Quelch 1886) American Samoa, Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], French
Polynesia [148,593,621], Israel, Japan, Madagascar [674], Maldives [270,674], Mauritius [242,674],
Mozambique [637d,674], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [535,768], Pitcairn Islands [572], Réunion [69,242],
Seychelles [371], Taiwan [171], United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467], Vanuatu
Leptoseris mycetoseroides Wells 1954 Australia [185,?792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Cocos
(Keeling) Islands [766a], French Polynesia [148,593], Indonesia [735a], Israei [674], Japan [739], Kiribati
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AGARICIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
[463]. Madagascar [674]. Malaysia: Sabah [848]. Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242.674]. Mozambique
(637d.674]. New Zealand: Kermadec Is [413]. Oman [675]. Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768]. Pitcaim
Islands. Réunion [69.242]. Saudi Arabia [15]. Seychelles [674]. Solomon Islands [185]. Thailand [674.744].
Vanuatu. Vietnam
Leptoseris papvracea (Dana 1848) Australia [185]. Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a]. Colombia [185.219]. Costa
Rica [185.219], Ecuador [185.219], India [602], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Madagascar [674], Malaysia,
Maldives [270]. Marshall Islands [185]. Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [674]. Panama [185], Papua New
Guinea. Philippines [768], Seychelles [674.845], Thailand [674,744], United States: Hawaiian Islands
{185.751], Vanuatu. Viemam
Leptoseris scabra Vaughan 1907 American Samoa [430], Australia [185], British Indian Ocean Territory
[672.674], French Polynesia [185.593.621], Indonesia [735a], Japan [739], Madagascar [674]. Malaysia:
Sabah [848]. Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [185], Mauritius [185], Mozambique [674]. Palau [185]. Papua
New Guinea. Philippines [768], Réunion [242.674], Saudi Arabia [674], Seychelles [371.674]. Solomon
Islands [185]. Taiwan, Thailand [674.744]. United States: Hawaiian Islands [185,751], United States minor
outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467], Vanuatu
Leptoseris solida (Quelch 1886) British Indian Ocean Territory, Chile: Easter I. [185,820], French Polynesia
[148.593.621], Japan, ?7Kuwait, Madagascar [674], Marshall Islands [185], Mozambique [674], Papua New
Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands, Seychelles [371]
Leptoseris tenuis van der Horst 1921 British Indian Ocean Territory [674], Indonesia [369,735a], Oman [675],
Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [371], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674],
Leptoseris yabei (Pillai & Scheer 1976) Australia, Indonesia [735a], Israel [674], Japari, Maldives [605], Papua
New Guinea, Philippines [535,768], Saudi Arabia [15], Taiwan [171], Vanuatu, Vienam
Pachyseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 I] B -
(Red Sea [661], East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Lakshadweep, Gulf of Kutch (north-west
India), Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar and Houtman Abrolhos
Islands (western Australia). South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan [739], Guam, Marshall Islands
[807] and Line Islands; south to Great Barrier Reef [761]; east to Marquesas and Tuamotu Archipelago [244])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [770]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]; Brunei; China [894,895];
Christmas Island: Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Comoros; Cook Islands; Djibouti; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia;
Federated States of Micronesia [359]; Fiji [558]; French Polynesia [148,244]; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia
[735a]; Israel [458,661]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati [463]; Madagascar [587.591]; Malaysia:
Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands [807]; Mauritius [242,674]; Mozambique [68];
Myanmar [212]; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Réunion
[69]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [606,674,845]; Singapore [558]; Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia;
South Africa [637d]; Sri Lanka [558]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau;
Tonga; Tuvalu; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
A relatively common reef coral, occurring in a range of reef habitats.
12 nominal species, c. 4 [766b] or 6 [151] valid species.
Pachyseris carinata Briiggemann 1879 American Samoa [430], Australia [359], Federated States of Micronesia
[359], Indonesia [359], Malaysia: Peninsular [36] = P. rugosa [728]
Pachyseris foliosa Veron 1990 Philippines [764]
Pachyseris gemmae Nemenzo 1955 Japan, Philippines [523,768], Thailand
Pachyseris rugosa (Lamarck 1801) Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Fiji [558], India
[602,659], Indonesia [728,735a,741], Israel [674], Japan [869], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Sabah [848],
Maldives [605], Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion
[242,674], Seychelles [674], Singapore [505,558,710], Solomon Islands [513], Sri Lanka [558], Taiwan [171],
Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Pachyseris speciosa (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean Territory
[371,672,674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], French Polynesia [148,593], India [602], Indonesia
[735a,741], Israel [674], Japan [739], Kiribati [463], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah
[848], Maldives [270,605], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], Myanmar [212,674], Palau [221],
Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [371,606,845],
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AGARICIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Singapore [617.710]. South Africa [637d]. Taiwan [171], Tanzania [714a], Thailand [674,744]. Vanuatu.
Vietnam
Pavona Lamarck 1801 Il B -
Leaf Coral
(Red Sea [661], Persian Gulf. East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Arabian Gulf [95]. Gulf of
Mannar (southern India). Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui Archipelago: south to Madagascar, Cocos
(Keeling) Islands and Houtman Abrolhos Islands (western Australia). South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean north to
southern Japan [231], Midway Islands. Hawaiian Islands; south to Lord Howe and Pitcairn Islands: east to
California [691]. Galapagos Islands and Colombia [217])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]: Australia [770]: Bahrain [9.67]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]: Brunei:
China [668,894,895]: Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Colombia [615]; Comoros: Cook Islands;
Costa Rica [158]; Djibouti [298]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [38,827]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of
Micronesia [359]: Fiji [359]; French Polynesia [148,244]; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a]; Iran; Israel
[458.661]; Japan [765]: Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati [463]; Kuwait [35la]; Madagascar [587.591];
Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]: Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands [465,807]; Mauritius [242.674]:
Mexico [375a,691]; Mozambique [68,845]; Myanmar [212]; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Northem
Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Panama [691]; Papua New Guinea [764]; Philippines [768]: Pitcairn Islands
[572]; Qatar; Réunion [69a]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [606,674,845]; Singapore [776]; Solomon
Islands [796]; Somalia; South Africa [637d]; Sri Lanka [558]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand
[186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga [359]; Tuvalu [835]; United Arab Emirates [95,677]; United States: California [691 ],
Hawaiian Islands; United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [436]: Wallis
and Futuna; Yemen [654]
Pavona is a fairly common coral that occurs in most reef habitats.
Approximately 50 nominal species, but there is great variability in the genus, and there are 22 [766b] to 25 [151]
valid species, of which 8 are knowa from Australia[761]
Pavona acuticarinata (Umbgrove 1940) Indonesia[742], Maldives [674]
Pavona bipartita Nemenzo 1980 Japan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [535,768]
Pavona cactus (Forskal 1775) Australia [716], British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands
[766a], Djibouti [298], Fiji [265], French Polynesia [148,593], India [602], Indonesia [735a,741], Israel [674],
Japan, Madagascar, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Marshall Islands, Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d.674],
Myanmar [212], New Caledonia [482], Oman [675], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768],
Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore [92,710], Sri Lanka [558], Taiwan
[171], Thailand [701,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Pavona clavus (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], Coco
(Keeling) Islands [654], Ecuador [219]: Galapagos Islands {827], Fiji [776], French Polynesia [148,593], India
[270,602,659], Indonesia [735a,741], Israel [674], Japan, Kiribati [463], Madagascar [674], Malaysia:
Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives [270,674], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Mexico [691],
Mozambique [637d,674], Panama [691,781], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [69.242],
Seychelles [674,845], Singapore, South Africa [637d], Sri Lanka [558], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [470,71 4a],
Thailand [674,701,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436], Yemen [654]
Pavona clivosa (Verrill 1869) Ecuador: Galapagos Is [219], Mexico [375a,631b] = P. cactus [827]
Pavona complanata (Verrill 1866)
Pavona danai Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 Cocos (Keeling) Islands [674], Federated States of Micronesia [483],
Indonesia [483], Japan, Madagascar [674], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [674], Myanmar [483],
Philippines [768], Réunion [242,674], Saudi Arabia [655], Seychelles [674,845], Vanuatu, Vietnam [19a]
= ?P. cactus [674]
Pavona decussata (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430,603], Australia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], China,
Djibouti [298], Federated States of Micronesia [359], Fiji [359], India [602], Indonesia [25,735a,741 ], Israel
[674], Japan [739,869], Kuwait [35la], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36,604], Sabah [848],
Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d], Myanmar [483,674], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines
[768], Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Singapore [617,710,776], Taiwan [171], Thailand [701,744],
Vanuatu, Vietnam [436],
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AGARICIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Pavona diffluens (Lamarck 1816) Saudi Arabia [15]
Pavona divaricata (Lamarck 1816) American Samoa [430]. Australia [604]. Federated States of Micronesia [359].
Fiji [359]. India [602]. Indonesia [735a.741]. Israel [674]. Kenya [329]. Kiribati [463]. Madagascar [674].
Malaysia: Peninsular [36.604]. Marshall Islands [604]. Mauritius [242.674]. Mozambique [637d.674].
Réunion [69.242]. Saudi Arabia [15]. Singapore [359.371]. Sri Lanka [558]. Taiwan [171]. Tanzania, Tonga
[359]
Pavona duerdeni Vaughan 1907 American Samoa [430]. Australia [604]. Federated States of Micronesia [604].
India [602.659]. Malaysia: Peninsular [604]. Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [604]. Palau [604], Seychelles
[604]. Sri Lanka [558], United States: Hawaiian Is [604.751]. United States minor outlying islands:Johnston
Atoll [467] = P. clavus [371.827]
Pavona explanulata (Lamarck 1816) Australia. British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], Cocos (Keeling) Islands
[766a]. French Polynesia [148.593]. India [602]. Indonesia [735a], Israel, Japan [739]. Kuwait [35 la].
Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36]. Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Mauritius [242]. Mozambique
[637d.845]. Oman. Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768]. Réunion [69.242]. Saudi Arabia [15]. Seychelles
[845]. Singapore, Sri Lanka [558,634], Thailand [701,744], Tuvalu [835], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Pavona foliosa (Verrill 1866)
Pavona formosa (Dana 1848) French Polynesia [776]
Pavona frondifera (Lamarck 1816) American Samoa [430,603], ?Australia [716.792b], British Indian Ocean
Territory [672,674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Federated States of Micronesia [359,776], Fiji [359].
Indonesia [735a,741], Japan [359,869], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Mauritius [242.674].
Palau [221], Philippines [768], Réunion [69], Seychelles [674], Singapore [359.617,710], Taiwan [171].
Thailand [701], Vietnam [436]
Pavona gigantea (Verrill 1869) Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [827], French Polynesia: Clipperton Island [219].
Kiribati [463], Mexico [375a,63 1b,691], Panama [691,780,781]
Pavona maldivensis (Gardiner 1905) American Samoa [430], Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean Territory
[672.674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [593,766a], French Polynesia [148], India [270,602,659], Indonesia
[735a], Israel [674], Japan [869], Kenya [329], Kiribati [463], Malaysia: Sabah [848], Maldives [270.605],
Marshall Islands [465], Palau [221], Panama, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [572].
Réunion [69,69a.242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [329], Thailand
[674,744], United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
= P. cactus [?] /P. clavus [371]
Pavona minor (Briiggemann 1879) Federated States of Micronesia[93], Seychelles [674]
Pavona minuta Wells 1954 Australia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [735a],
Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique [637d], Oman [675], Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [768], South Africa [637d], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Pavona repens (Briiggemann 1878) Egypt [558], India [270], Maldives [270],?Mauritius [558 but see 242], Sri
Lanka [558], Tuvalu [835] P. varians [371]
Pavona varians (Verrill 1864) American Samoa [430], Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], Cocos
(Keeling) Islands [766a], Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [827], Federated States of Micronesia, French Polynesia
[148,593], India [602,659], Indonesia [735a,741], Israel [674], Japan, Kiribati [463], Madagascar [674],
Malaysia: Peninsular [36,604], Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674],
Mozambique [637,674], New Caledonia [482], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768]. Pitcairn
Islands [572], Réunion [69,69a,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [606,845], Singapore, Solomon Islands
[513], Sri Lanka [558,634], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [329], Thailand [674,744], United States: Hawaiian Is
[751,776], United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467], Vanuatu, Vietnam [19a]
Pavona venosa (Ehrenberg 1834) Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands
[766a], Fiji [619], Indonesia [735a,741], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465], Oman [675],
Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [69], Saudi Arabia [674], Solomon Islands [513], Sri Lanka
[558], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam, Yemen [654]
Pavona xarifae Scheer & Pillai 1974 Australia [764], Cook Islands [764], India [602,659], Malaysia: Peninsular
[36], Papua New Guinea [764], Philippines [764], Thailand [764], Vanuatu [764] = P. clavus [827]
Pavona yamanarii (Yabe & Sugiyama 1933)
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MICRABACIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Family MICRABACIIDAE Vaughan 1905
Leptopenus Moseley 1881 Il B -
(Worldwide. including Antarctica. 287-5.000 m [116.126a])
Argentina [123]: Australia [183]; Chile [520]: Cuba [123]; French Southern Territories: Crozet Island [123]:
Indonesia [123]: 7Mexico [123]: United States: California [123]
6 species are known, of which 4 are named and probably valid [116.123]
Leptopenus antarcticus Cairns 1989
Leptopenus discus Moseley 1881 Argentina [123.520], ?Australia [183], Cuba [123], French Southern Territories:
Crozet Island [123.520], ?Mexico [123]. United States [123]
Leptopenus hypocoelus Moseley 1881 Chile [520]
Leptopenus solidus Keller 1977 Indonesia[123], Pacific: Kurile Trench [123]
Letepsammia Yabe & Eguchi 1932 I! B -
(Indo- West Pacific. 55-828 m)
Australia [123]; China [123]: Indonesia [123]; Japan [123]; Rep. Korea [123]; Madagascar [123]; Mozambique
[123]; New Zealand [123,699]: Philippines [123]; South Africa [123]; Tanzania [123]; United States: Hawaiian
Islands [107,123]
Chevalier (1987) treated Letepsommia as synonymous with Stephanophyllia
1 species recognized by Cairns [116,123],2 described subsequently and | more recognised by Cairns (1997).
Letepsammiafissilis Cais 1995
Letepsammia formosissima (Moseley 1876) ?Australia[116], Indonesia [116,520], Japan [116], Republic of Korea
[123], Madagascar [125], Mozambique [125], 7New Zealand [116], Philippines [116,520], South Africa [125],
Tanzania [125], United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751]
Letepsammia franki Owens 1994
Letepsammia superstes (Ortmann 1888) China [126a], Indonesia [126a], Japan [126a,557], New Zealand:
Kermadec Ridge [126a], Philippines [126a]
Rhombopsammia Owens 1986 II B -
(China Sea and Philippine Sea. 405-1,401 m [126a])
Indonesia [123]; Japan [123]; Philippines [123]
2 species [116]
Rhombopsammianiphada Owens 1986 Indonesia[126a], Japan [116], Philippines [116]
Rhombopsammiasquiresi Owens 1986 Indonesia[116], Philippines [116]
Stephanophyllia Michelin 1841 Il B -
(Indo-West Pacific. 15-635 m [126a])
British Indian Ocean Territory [123]; China [123]; Indonesia [123,520]; Japan [123,853]; Malaysia: Sabah [116];
Maldives [123,605]; Mozambique [123]; Philippines [123]; Seychelles: Saya de Malha [125,373]; South Africa
[123]
3 species recognized by Cairns [116]
Stephanophyllia complicata Moseley 1876 British Indian Ocean Territory [125], Indonesia [125,520], Maldives
[125,276], Seychelles: Saya de Malha [125,373]
Stephanophylliafungulus Alcock 1902 British Indian Ocean Territory [116], China [116], Indonesia [126a], Japan
[116], Malaysia: Sabah [116], Maldives [125,276], Mozambique [125], Philippines[116], South Africa [116]
Stephanophyllianeglecta Boschma 1923 Indonesia[41,116,684], Philippines [116]
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FUNGIACYATHIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Family FUNGIACY ATHIDAEChevalier 1987
Fungiacyathus Sars 1872 Il B -
(Cosmopolitan. including Antarctica [116]. 69-1.977 m [126a])
Australia [123]: Bahamas [123]: Barbados [612]: Bermuda [520]; British Indian Ocean Territory [672]; Chile [520];
China; Colombia [123]: Cuba [123]: Federated States of Micronesia [520]: French Souther Territories: Crozet
Islands [520]; Guadeloupe [614]: India [602]: Indonesia [123]; Japan [123]: Kenya [123]: Madagascar [123]:
Malaysia: Sabah [126a]: Maldives [6]: Martinique [614]: Mexico [123,375a]: Montserrat [614]; Mozambique [123]:
New Zealand: Kermadec Islands [126a]: Norway: Lofoten Islands [610]; Papua New Guinea [520]; Peru [123]:
Philippines [123]: Portugal [151]: incl. Azores [520]: Puerto Rico [746]; Réunion [123]: Saint Helena [520]; Saint
Lucia [614]; Saint Vincent [614]: South Africa [123]: Sri Lanka [599]; Tanzania [123]; Uruguay [520]; United
States: Aleutian Islands. California [123]. Florida [610], Hawaiian Islands [107]; Vietnam [436]; Virgin Islands of
the United States [520]
Solitary; free living. 55-6.328 m. Until recently included in the Family Fungiidae.
18 species were recognizedas valid by Cairns [116], F. stabilis was synonymized by Cairns [123]. and 1 species has
been described subsequently [126].
Fungiacyathus crispus (Pourtalés 1871) Barbados [612], United States [611]
Fungiacyathus dennanti Caims & Parker 1992
Fungiacyathus fissidiscus Cais & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a]
Fungiacyathus fissilis Cairns 1984 United States: Hawaiian Islands [107]
Fungiacyathus granulosus Cairns 1989 Indonesia[126a], Japan [126a], Malaysia: Sabah [126a], Philippines [116]
Fungiacyathus hydra Zibrowius & Gili 1990
Fungiacyathus marenzelleri (Vaughan 1906) Bahamas [123], Colombia [123], Cuba [123], Ecuador: Galapagos Is
[748], Japan [123], Mexico [123], Peru [123], United States [123]
Fungiacyathus margaretae Caims 1995
Fungiacyathus paliferus (Alcock 1902) Australia [125], Indonesia [116,684], Japan [126a], Malaysia: Sabah
{126a], Philippines [116], Réunion [1 16,887a], ?South Africa [125], Vietnam [436]
Fungiacyathus pliciseptus Keller 1976
Fungiacyathus pseudostephanus Keller 1976
Fungiacyathus pusillus (Pourtalés 1868) Mexico [375a], United States [610]
Fungiacyathus sibogae (Alcock 1902) Indonesia [116,684], Kenya [125], Mozambique [125], ?Philippines [116],
Tanzania [125], South Africa [125]
Fungiacyathus stephanus (Alcock 1893) India [5,123], Indonesia [116], Japan [126a], Malaysia [116],
Mozambique [125], New Zealand: Kermadec Ridge [126a], Philippines [116], South Africa [116], Sri Lanka
[599]
Fungiacyathus symmetricus (Pourtalés 1871) Australia [183], Barbados [612], Bermuda [520], Chile [520], Cuba
[611], Federated States of Micronesia [520], French Southern Territories: Crozet Is [520], Grenada [614].
Guadeloupe [614], India [373,602], Indonesia [520], Maldives [6], Martinique [614], Mexico [375a],
Montserrat [614], Papua New Guinea [520], Philippines [520], Puerto Rico [746], Portugal: Azores [520],
Saint Helena [520], Saint Lucia [614], United States [611]: incl. Hawaiian Islands [107,751], Uruguay, Virgin
Islands of the United States [520]
Fungiacyathus turbinolioides Caims 1989 China [116], Indonesia [126a], Malaysia: Sabah [116], Philippines
Fungiacyathus variegatus Cairns 1989 China [116], Indonesia [126a], Japan [126a], Philippines [116]
Family FUNGIIDAE Dana 1848
Mushroom corals
Cantharellus Hoeksema 1989 II B -
(Gulf of Aqaba, New Caledonia)
Egypt [354]; Indonesia; Israel [354]; New Caledonia [354]; Papua New Guinea [354a]; Saudi Arabia
2 species recognized by Hoeksema [354] and | described subsequently [354a]
70
FUNGIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Cantharellus doederleini (Marenzeller 1907) Israel [674], Saudi Arabia
Cantharellusjebbi Hoeksema 1993 Papua New Guinea [354a]
Cantharellus noumeae Hoeksema& Best 1984 Indonesia[354]. New Caledonia [354.355]
Ctenactis Vermill 1864 Il B =
(Red Sea. Indian Ocean, South-East Asia. Australiato mid-Pacific Islands [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]: Australia [354]: British Indian Ocean Territory [672]; Brunei: Myanmar; Cocos (Keeling
Islands) [354]; Cook Islands [485]; Djibouti [298]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia [354];
Fiji: French Polynesia [148.244]: Guam [354]: India [598.602]: Indonesia [354, 735a]: Israel [661]: Japan [765]:
Jordan [661]: Kiribati: Malaysia: Peninsular [36.354], Sabah [848]: Maldives [354.605.674]: Marshall Islands
[354.807]: Myanmar [212]; Nauru: New Caledonia [354.850]: Niue; Palau [221,354]: Papua New Guinea [354a]:
Philippines [768]; Samoa: Saudi Arabia [15]: Singapore [354]; Solomon Islands [354,796]; Sudan [661]: Taiwan
[171]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga; Tuvalu; United States: Hawaiian Is [751], Vanuatu; Vietnam [436];
Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
3 species recognized by Hoeksema [354] and Veron [766b]
Ctenactis albitentaculata Hoeksema 1989 Australia[354], Guam [354], Indonesia[735a], Marshall Islands [354],
Palau [354], Papua New Guinea [354.354a], Singapore [354] =C. echinata [765]
Ctenactis crassa (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [354], British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674],
Cocos (Keeling) Islands [354], Djibouti [354], Federated States of Micronesia [354], Fiji, French Polynesia
[354], India [483,674], Indonesia [728,735a]. Japan, Malaysia, Maldives [270,674], Marshall Islands [354],
Myanmar [212], New Caledonia [354], Palau [354], Papua New Guinea [354,354a], Philippines [540,768],
Saudi Arabia [674], Singapore, Solomon Islands [354], Taiwan [357], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Ctenactis echinata (Pallas 1766) American Samoa [430], Australia [354,792b], Cook Islands [485], Djibouti
[298,354], Fiji [354,776], French Polynesia [354], India [602,659], Indonesia [735a,741], Israel [674], Japan
(869], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [354,848], Maldives [605], Myanmar [212,674], New Caledonia
[482], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea [266,354a], Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15,655], Singapore
(354,617,710,776], Sri Lanka [558], Taiwan [171,357], Thailand [674,701,744], United States: Hawaiian Is
[751], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Fungia Lamarck 1801 Il B -
(Red Sea [661], Persian Gulf, East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to the Gulf of Kutch, southern
India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and
north-western Australia. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan [739] and Hawaiian Islands [464];
south to Lord Howe Island and Pitcairn Islands [761]; east to California, Galapagos Islands, Easter Island and
Colombia)
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Andaman Islands [354]; Australia [80,354]; Bahrain [95,677]; British Indian Ocean
Territory [644,674,832]; Brunei; Chile: Easter Island [820]; China [354,668,894,895]; Christmas Island [29]; Cocos
(Keeling) Islands [763]; Comoros [354c]; Cook Islands [485]; Djibouti [298]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands
(38,354.827]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia [354]; Fiji [359]; French Polynesia [148,244];
Guam [354]; India [598,602]; Indonesia [354, 735a]; Iran [330]; Israel [458,661]; Japan [354,765,853]; Jordan
[661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati [872a]; Kuwait; Madagascar [354,587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848];
Maldives [354,605,674]; Marshall Islands [465,807]; Mauritius [674]; Mexico [354,375a]; Mozambique [68,354];
Myanmar [331]; Nauru; New Caledonia [354,850]; Niue; Northern Marianas; Palau [221,354]; Papua New Guinea
[354a]; Philippines [354,768]; Pitcaim Islands [354,572]; Qatar; Réunion [69]; Samoa [354]; Saudi Arabia [15];
Seychelles [354,606,674 ,845]; Singapore [776]; Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; South Africa [637d]; Sri Lanka
[72,558]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329,354]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga [354]; Tuvalu
(835]; United Arab Emirates [95,677]; ]; United States: Hawaiian Islands [354,464]; United States minor outlying
islands: Johnston Atoll [467]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen [354c]
71
FUNGIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Fungia is widely distributed on and around reefs. A few species are rare (e.g. F. scabra), but the majority are
common [148].
Nine subgenera are generally recognised. Pleuractis, Ctenactis, }erillofungia, Danafungia. Diaseris, Fungia.
Cycloseris, Wellsofungia and Lobactis [148.186.354].
23 species recognized by Hoeksema [354] and | described subsequently [357]; 52 recognised by Veron (1995)
[766b].
Fungia concinna Verrill 1864 American Samoa [430,603], Australia [354], British Indian Ocean Territory
[644.672], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a]. Djibouti [298.354], Fiji, French Polynesia [148.593]. India
[483.659.674], Indonesia [735a.741], Japan [869], Kiribati [354,463], Madagascar [354], Malaysia, Marshall
Islands [465], Mozambique [637d.674]. New Caledonia [354], Palau [354], Papua New Guinea
(354.354a.709]. Philippines [768], Samoa [354], Seychelles [354], Singapore [354], Solomon Islands [354].
Taiwan [171.357]. Tanzania [470.714a,776], Thailand [674,744], Tonga [354], United States: Hawaiian Is
(354], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Fungia costulata Ortmann 1889 Australia[354], British Indian Ocean Territory [674], Cook Islands [354], Djibouti
(354]. French Polynesia [354], Guam [354], India [602], Indonesia [684,735a], Israel [674], Japan, Kiribati
(354]. Madagascar [354], Malaysia: Sabah [354], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [354], Mozambique
(637d,674], New Caledonia [354], Papua New Guinea [354.354a], Philippines [768], Samoa [354], Seychelles
[674,845]. South Africa [637d], Sri Lanka [354,558], Taiwan [171,357], Thailand [674.744], Viemam
Fungia curvata Hoeksema 1989 Australia, Costa Rica: incl. Cocos I. [354], Ecuador [219,354]: Galapagos Islands
[827], Indonesia [735a]. Japan, Mexico [375a,691,781], Myanmar [212], Panama [691], Papua New Guinea
(354], Philippines [354], Tanzania [354]
Fungia cyclolites Lamarck 1816 Australia [255,354,716], Djibouti [298,354], Egypt [483], India [602.659].
Indonesia [735a], Japan [354], Madagascar [674], Malaysia, Maldives [270], Mauritius [242.674],
Mozambique [332,354,637d], Myanmar [483], New Caledonia [354], Papua New Guinea [354,354a],
Philippines [768], Réunion [69,242], Seychelles [674], Singapore, Somalia [354], South Africa [637d], Sri
Lanka [72], Sudan [483], Taiwan [171,357], Tanzania [354], Thailand [674,744], United States: Hawaiian Is
[354], Vietnam
Fungia distorta Michelin 1842 Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Costa Rica [691], Ecuador
[219,691]: Galapagos Islands [827], French Polynesia [593], India [5,602], Indonesia [735a], Israel [674],
Japan [354], Madagascar [674], Malaysia, Maldives [270,605], Marshall Islands [354], Mexico [375a.691],
Mozambique [332,674], Palau [354], Panama [691], Papua New Guinea [354], Philippines [768], Saudi
Arabia [15], Seychelles [674], South Africa [637d], Sri Lanka [72], Tanzania [354], Thailand [674,744],
United States: Hawaiian Islands [107], Vietnam
Fungia fragilis (Alcock 1893) Australia [354], Guam [354], India [5,674], Indonesia [735a], Japan [354], Malaysia,
Maldives [354], Marshall Islands [354], Mozambique [637d,674], New Caledonia [354], Palau [354], Papua
New Guinea [354a], Philippines [768], Samoa [354], Seychelles [354], Taiwan [171,357], Thailand [354],
United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751], Vietnam
Fungia fralinae Nemenzo 1955 Australia [354], Indonesia [735a], Kiribati [354], Papua New Guinea [354],
Philippines [523,768]
Fungia fungites (Linnaeus 1758) Mushroom Coral American Samoa [430,603], Australia [354,792b], British
Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], Christmas Island [354], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Cook Islands
[354], Djibouti [298], Egypt [558], Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji [354], French Polynesia [354,593],
India [270,602,659], Indonesia [735a,741], Iran [330], Israel [674], Japan, Kenya [329], Kiribati [354,463],
Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36,604], Sabah [848], Maldives [270,605], Marshall Islands [465],
Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [332,674], Myanmar [212], New Caledonia [354], Palau [221], Papua New
Guinea [354a,709], Philippines [768], Réunion [242,674], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [606,845], Singapore
[558,617,710], Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka [558], Taiwan [171,357,871a], Tanzania [329,470], Thailand
[701,744], Tonga [354], United States: Hawaiian Is [354,751], Vanuatu [354], Vietnam [436]
Fungia granulosa Klunzinger 1879 American Samoa [430], Australia [354], British Indian Ocean Territory [674],
Christmas Island [354], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Djibouti [354], Fiji [354], French Polynesia
[354,593], Guam [354], Indonesia [735a], Israel [674], Japan, Madagascar [354], Malaysia: Sabah [354.848],
Maldives [354], Mauritius [354], Papua New Guinea [354,354a], Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15],
Singapore, Taiwan [171,357,87 1a], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vienam
Fungia gravis Nemenzo 1955 Australia [354], Federated States of Micronesia [354], French Polynesia [354], India
[354], Indonesia [735a], Malaysia: Sabah [354], Papua New Guinea [354,354a], Philippines [354,523],
?Seychelles [354 but see 354c], Taiwan [171,357] 2= F. paumotensis [768]
FUNGIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Fungia hexagonalis Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 India [602]. Indonesia [735a], Papua New Guinea [266.354a].
Philippines [768]. Sri Lanka [72]. Tonga [354]. ?United States
Fungia horrida Dana 1848 Australia [354]. British Indian Ocean Territory [674]. Cook Islands [354]. Djibouti
[354]. Egypt [354]. Fiji [354], French Polynesia [354.593]. India [602]. Indonesia [735a]. Israel [674]. Kiribati
[354]. Madagascar [674]. Malaysia. Marshall Islands [465]. Mozambique [674]. New Caledonia [354]. Palau
[354]. Papua New Guinea [354.354a.709]. Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15], Solomon Islands [354].
Taiwan [171.357]. Tanzania [354], Tonga [354]. Vanuatu. Vietnam [354]
Fungia moluccensis van der Horst 1919 Australia [354], Egypt [354c], Fiji [354]. French Polynesia
(354.354c,593]. Indonesia [735a], Israel [674], Japan [354c]. Palau [354]. Papua New Guinea [354,354a].
Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [354c], Singapore [354], Taiwan [171,357,871a], Thailand
[674.744]. Vietnam. Yemen [354c]
Fungia paumotensis Stutchbury 1833 American Samoa [430], Australia [354], Comoros [354c], Federated States
of Micronesia [354], Fiji [359]. French Polynesia [148,593], India [483.659], Indonesia [735a.742], Japan,
Kiribati [354.354c]. Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Sabah [354,848], Marshall Islands [465], Palau [221]. Papua
New Guinea [354.354a,709], Philippines [768], Réunion [69], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674], Singapore
[354], Taiwan [171.357,871a], Thailand [674,744], Tonga [354], United States: Hawaiian Is [354,751],
Vanuatu [762], Vietnam [436]
Fungia repanda Dana 1848 American Samoa [430], Australia [354], British Indian Ocean Territory [644.672],
Christmas Island [354], Federated States of Micronesia [354], Fiji [354], French Polynesia [148,593], India
[602]. Indonesia [735a,741], Japan, Kiribati [354], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848],
Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], New Caledonia [354], Palau [221], Papua New
Guinea [354,354a], Philippines [749,768], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore [558,617,710],
Solomon Islands [354], Sri Lanka [558,634], Taiwan [171,357,871a], Tanzania [329], Thailand [674,744],
Tonga [354], Tuvalu [835], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Fungia scabra Déderlein 1901 Australia [354], China [354], French Polynesia [354], Indonesia [735a], ?Japan,
Malaysia. Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Seychelles [354], Singapore [354], Vietnam
Fungia scruposa Klunzinger 1879 Australia [354], British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], China [354], Cocos
(Keeling) Islands, Cook Islands [354], Federated States of Micronesia [354], Fiji [354], French Polynesia
[354,621], Guam [354], India [659,674], Indonesia [735a,741], Israel [674], Japan, Kenya [354], Kiribati,
Madagascar [354,749], Malaysia: Sabah [354], Maldives [354], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d],
Myanmar [599,674], New Caledonia [354], Papua New Guinea [354,354a], Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia
[15], Seychelles [354], Singapore [354], Solomon Islands [354], Sri Lanka [558], Taiwan [171,357,87 1a],
Tanzania [354], Vietnam
Fungia scutaria Lamarck 1801 American Samoa [430], Australia [354,792b], British Indian Ocean Territory
[672,674], Christmas Island [354], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Cook Islands [485], Federated States of
Micronesia [354], French Polynesia [148,593], India [270,602,659], Indonesia [621,735a,741], Israel [674],
Japan [869], Kenya [354], Kiribati [354,463], Madagascar [674], Malaysia, Maldives [270,605], Marshall
Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], New Caledonia [354], Northern Mariana Islands
(354], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea [354,354a], Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [572], Réunion
[69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore [710,776], Sri Lanka [72], Taiwan [171,357],
Tanzania [329,470], Thailand [674,744], Tokelau, Tonga [354], Tuvalu [835], United States: Hawaiian Is
[354,603.751], United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Fungia seychellensis Hoeksema 1993 Seychelles [354c]
Fungia sinensis (Milne Edwards & Haime 1851) Australia [354,716], Christmas Island [29], Fiji [354], French
Polynesia [354], India [5,602], Indonesia [735a], Japan [354], Maldives [270,674], Marshall Islands [354],
Mozambique [354], New Caledonia [354j, Palau [354], Papua New Guinea [354,354a], Philippines [621,768],
Singapore, ?Sri Lanka [72], Taiwan [171,357,87 1a], United States: Hawaiian Is [354]
Fungia somervillei Gardiner 1909 Australia [354], British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Fiji, Guam [354],
India [602,659], Indonesia [735a], Japan [739], 7Kuwait, Madagascar [674], Mauritius [242,674], Myanmar
[483,674], Papua New Guinea [354,354a], Philippines [768], Seychelles [354], Taiwan [87 1a]
Fungia spinifer Claereboudt & Hoeksema i987 Guam [354], Indonesia [735a], ?Japan, Papua New Guinea
[156,354a], Philippines [768]
Fungia taiwanensis Hoeksema & Dai 1991 Taiwan [171,357]
Fungia tenuis Dana 1848 Australia [354,716], British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Djibouti [354], Guam
[354], Indonesia [735a], Israel [674], Maldives [271,674], Mozambique [674], Papua New Guinea [354,354a],
Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [354], Seychelles [354], Singapore, Sri Lanka [72], Taiwan [357], Thailand,
Tonga [520], United States: Hawaiian Islands [107]
73
FUNGIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Fungia vaughani Boschma 1923 Australia [354]. Chile: Easter I. [354.820]. Guam [354], Indonesia [735a]. Japan.
Madagascar [354]. Malaysia. Maldives [354]. Marshall Islands [354], New Caledonia [354]. Papua New
Guinea [354.354a]. Philippines [768]. Pitcairn Islands [572]. Réunion [69], Saudi Arabia [674]. Taiwan
[171.357]. United States: Hawaiian Is [354]. United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467].
Vietnam
Halomitra Dana 1848 I B -
(East Africa [329]. Red Sea. Indian Ocean. north to Maldives [832] and Thailand [354]; south to Madagascar and
Chagos Archipelago [661]. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to Ryukyu Islands, Guam and Marshall Islands;
south to Great Barrier Reef, New Caledoniaand Tonga [761]; east to Line Islands and Tuamotu Archipelago [244])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa; Australia: British Indian Ocean Territory [674.832]: Brunei; Comoros; Federated States of
Micronesia; Fiji [354]: Guam [354]: Indonesia [354, 735a]: Japan [354]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati; Madagascar
[587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [354], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605.674]; Marshall Islands [354,465,807]:
Mauritius: Myanmar: Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Palau [221]: Papua New Guinea [354a]; Philippines [354.768]:
Réunion; Samoa [354]; Seychelles [674.845]; Singapore; Solomon Islands [796]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand
[186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga [354]; Tuvalu; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam: Wallis and Futuna
Free living corals: relatively uncommon.
2 species recognized by Hoeksema [354] and by Veron (1995) [766b]
Halomitraclavator Hoeksema 1989 Indonesia[735a], Papua New Guinea [354a], Philippines [354]
Halomitra pileus (Linnaeus 1758) Australia [354], British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], Federated States of
Micronesia [354], Fiji [354,776], Indonesia [369,684,735a], Japan, Kiribati [354,776], Madagascar [674],
Malaysia: Peninsular [354], Maldives [270,605], Marshall Islands [465], Palau [221,711]. Papua New Guinea
[354,354a], Philippines [711,768], Samoa [354], Seychelles [674,845], Solomon Islands [354], Taiwan [87 la].
Tanzania [714a], Thailand [674,744], Tonga [354], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Heliofungia Wells 1966 Il B -
(Mozambique; Ryukyu Islands, south to Philippines, Borneo, Java, northem Australia and Great Barrier Reef; east
to Caroline Islands, Solomon Islands and New Caledonia [104,148,244])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
Australia [354,792b]; Federated States of Micronesia; Indonesia [354,735a,741]; Japan [354,765]; Malaysia:
Peninsular [36], Sabah [354,848]; Mozambique [674]; Nauru; New Caledonia [354,850]; Palau [221,354]: Papua
New Guinea [354a]; Philippines [768]; Singapore [354,617]; Solomon Islands [354,513,796]; Taiwan [357]:
Thailand; Vanuatu [762]
1 species recognized by Hoeksema [354]
Heliofungiaactiniformis (Quoy & Gaimard 1833)
Herpolitha Eschscholtz 1825 I] B -
(Red Sea [661], East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Maldives, Andaman and Nicobar Islands
and Thailand [354]; south to Madagascar, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Ningaloo Reefs (western Australia).
South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to Ryukyu Islands, Ogasawara-gunto Islands, Northern Marianas and
Marshall Islands; south to Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia and Tonga; east to Line Islands and Tuamotu
Archipelago[102,148])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [255,770,792b]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672,674,832]: Brunei;
Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763,766a]; Cook Islands; Djibouti [298]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia:
Federated States of Micronesia [354]; Fiji [?558]; French Polynesia [148,244,593]; Guam [354]; India
[598,602,659]; Indonesia [25,369,735a,74 1]; Israel [458,661]; Japan [354,765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati
74
FUNGIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
[463.872a]: Madagascar [354.587.591]: Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605.674]; Marshall
Islands [465.807]: Mauritius [242.674]: Mozambique [68.637d]: Myanmar [212]; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]:
Niue: Northern Mariana Islands [354]: Palau [221]: Papua New Guinea [354a]: Philippines [768]: Reunion
[69.242]: Samoa: Saudi Arabia [15]: Seychelles [674.845]: Singapore [354.617.710]: Solomon Islands [796]:
Somalia: Sri Lanka [558]: Sudan [661]: Taiwan [171.357.871a]: Tanzania [329.470.776]: Thailand [186.744]:
Tokelau: Tonga [354]: Tuvalu; Vanuatu [762]: Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
Free-living corals.
1 species recognised by Hoeksema [354]. and 2 by Veron (1995) [766b]
Herpolithalimax (Esper 1797) Slipper Coral
Lithophyllon Rehberg 1892 II B -
(Mergui Archipelago, south to Ningaloo Reefs (western Australia). South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to
southern Japan [231] and Marshall Islands: south to Great Barrier Reef: east to Samoa [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [770]; Brunei; China [354,668]; Christmas Island; Federated States of
Micronesia: Fiji [354]; India: Indonesia [735a]; Japan [354,765]: Malaysia: Peninsular [354], Sabah [848]: Marshall
Islands [354]; Myanmar; New Caledonia [850]; Palau; Papua New Guinea [354,354a]; Philippines [768]; Samoa
[354]; Singapore; Solomon Islands [796]; Taiwan [171,357]; Thailand [186,744]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam; Wallis
and Futuna
An attached, colonial coral. Found on reef slopes, but always uncommon.
2 species recognized by Hoeksema [354], and about 4 by Veron (1995) [766b]
Lithophyllon mokai Hoeksema 1989 Australia [354], Fiji [354], India, Indonesia [735a], Malaysia: Sabah [354],
Marshall Islands [354], Papua New Guinea [354,354a], Taiwan [171,357], Thailand, Vanuatu
Lithophylion undulatum Rehberg 1892 Australia [354], China [354], Indonesia [735a], Japan [369,684,869],
Malaysia: Peninsular [354], Sabah [354], Papua New Guinea [354a], Philippines [768], Samoa [354,786],
Taiwan [171,357,871], Thailand [701], Viennam
Podabacia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 Il B -
(Red Sea [661], East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Lakshadweep and Sri Lanka and Mergui
Archipelago; south to Madagascar and Ningaloo Reefs (western Australia). South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to
southern Japan and Northern Marianas; south to Great Barrier Reef [761] and New Caledonia [850]; east to
Tuamotu Archipelago[761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [354]; British Indian Ocean Territory [674,832]; Brunei; China [668,894,895]:
Christmas Island; Comoros; Cook Islands; Djibouti; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji
[354]; French Polynesia [148,244]; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a]; Israel [458,661]; Japan [765]; Jordan
(661]; Kenya [354]; Kiribati [354]; Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives
[605,674]; Mauritius [242,674]; Mozambique [68]; Myanmar [212]; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Northem
Marianas; Palau; Papua New Guinea [354a]; Philippines [768]; Réunion [242,674]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15];
Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore [617]; Solomen Islands [796]; Somalia; South Africa [637d]; Sri Lanka [558];
Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171,357]; Tanzania; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tuvalu; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [436];
Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
An attached fungiid, found in most reef habitats, but relatively uncommon.
1 species recognized by Hoeksema [354] and | species described subsequently [764]
Podabacia crustacea (Pallas 1766) Australia [354,792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Fiji [354],
French Polynesia, India [270,602], Indonesia [25,735a], Israel [674], Japan [869], Kenya [354], Kiribati [354],
Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [354,848], Maldives [270,674], Mauritius [674],
75
FUNGIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Mozambique [637d.674]. Myanmar [212]. Papua New Guinea [354a]. Philippines [768], Réunion [674], Saudi
Arabia [15]. Seychelles [674]. Singapore [369.617.684.710]. South Africa [637d]. Sri Lanka [354.558].
Taiwan [171.357.87 1a], Thailand [674.744]. Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Podabacia motuporensis Veron 1990 Indonesia [735a], Japan [764]. Papua New Guinea [354a.764]. Philippines
[764]. Vanuatu [764]
Polyphyllia Quoy & Gaimard 1833 II B -
(East Africa [354]. Indian Ocean. north to Maldives [832], Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui Archipelago:
south to Madagascar and Ningaloo Reefs (western Australia). South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean. north to Ryukyu
Islands and Northern Marianas: south to Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia: east to Samoa and Tonga [761 ])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]: Australia [80.354]: British Indian Ocean Territory [674,832]; Brunei; China [894.895]:
Christmas Island: Federated States of Micronesia [354]; Fiji [354]; Guam [354]; India [598,602]; Indonesia [354.
735a]; Japan [354,765]; Kenya: Madagascar [354,587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36,354], Sabah [848]; Maldives
[605.674]; Marshall Islands [465]; Mauritius; Mozambique [637d]; Myanmar [212]; Nauru; New Caledonia
[354.850]; New Zealand: Niue; Northern Marianas: Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea [354]; Philippines [768]:
Réunion; Samoa [354]; Seychelles [674.845]: Singapore [617]; Solomon Islands [354,796]; Somalia; Sri Lanka:
Taiwan [171.357]: Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga [354]; Tuvalu; Vanuatu [762]; Vienam
[436]: Wallis and Futuna
Free-living and often occurring with Fungia.
2 species recognized by Hoeksema [354], and 3 by Veron (1995) [766b]
Polyphyllia novaehiberniae (Lesson 1831) American Samoa [430], Fiji [354], Indonesia [505,735a], Kenya,
?Myanmar [483 but see 599], New Caledonia [354], Papua New Guinea [354,354a], Singapore [483], Tonga
(354], Vanuatu [354]
Polyphylliatalpina (Lamarck 1801) Australia [255,354,792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Federated
States of Micronesia [354], Fiji, India [602,659], Indonesia [25,735a,741], Japan [869], Madagascar [354],
Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [354,848], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique [637d],
Myanmar [212,674], New Caledonia [482], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea [354,354a], Philippines [768],
Singapore [354,617,710,776], Taiwan [171,357,87 1a], Thailand [701], Tonga, Vietnam [436]
Sandalolitha Quelch 1884 II B -
(Maldives, Mergui Archipelago, south to Ningaloo Reefs (western Australia) [148]. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean,
north to Kyushu Islands and Marshall Islands [807]; south to Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia and Fiji; east to
Line Islands [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
Australia [354]; Bahrain [95,677]; Brunei; Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Federated States of
Micronesia [354]; French Polynesia [148,244]; Guam [354]; Indonesia [369,735a]; Japan [354,765]; Kiribati [463];
Malaysia: Peninsular [36,354], Sabah [848]; Maldives [354,605,674]; Marshall Islands [465,807]; Myanmar;
Nauru; New Caledonia [354,850]; Northern Marianas; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea [354a]; Philippines [768];
Pitcairn Islands [572]; Singapore; Solomon Islands [513]; Taiwan [171,357]; Thailand [186,744]; Tuvalu; Vanuatu
[762]
Free-living and relatively common throughout the range of the genus.
2 species recognized by Hoeksema [354] and Veron (1995) [766b]
Sandalolitha dentata Quelch 1884 Australia [354], Christmas Island [354], Cook Islands [354], Federated States of
Micronesia [354], Fiji [354], French Polynesia [148,593,619], Guam [354], Indonesia [684,735a], Kiribati
[354], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [354], Palau [354], Papua New Guinea [354,354a], Philippines [354],
Taiwan [171,357]
Sandalolitha robusta (Quelch 1886) Basket Coral Australia [354,792b], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Cook
Islands [354], French Polynesia [148,593], India, Indonesia [25,621,735a,741], Japan [354], Kiribati [463],
Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], New Caledonia [482], Palau
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(221]. Papua New Guinea [354.354a], Philippines [768]. Singapore, Solomon Islands [513], Taiwan
[171.357.87 la]. Thailand [674.744]. Tuvalu. Vanuatu. Vietnam
Zoopilus Dana 1848 II B -
(Malaysia. eastern Indonesia. Pacific Ocean, north to Ryukyu Islands. south to New Guinea: east to Marshall Islands
and Fiji [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji [354.776]: Indonesia [354,735a]: Japan [354,765]; Malaysia: Sabah [848]:
Marshall Islands [354]: Mauritius; Nauru: Palau: Papua New Guinea [354a]; Philippines [768]; Solomon Islands:
Vanuatu [762]
Free-living on soft substrata on and around reefs: An uncommon coral.
] species recognized by Hoeksema [354] and Veron (1995) [766b]
Zoopilus echinatus Dana 1848
Family RHIZANGIIDAE d'Orbigny 1851
This family is listed as Astrangiidae Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 by Chevalier (1987) [151], but as Rhizangiidae
d'Orbigny 1851 by Cairns [118].
Astrangia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 II B -
(Widespread in many seas [582]. Caribbean [608.833]. western Atlantic to Brazil [107] and Indo-Pacific, including
California [691,761])
Australia [183]; Barbados [448]; Bermuda [821]; Brazil [420]; Cape Verde [40]; Colombia [235]: Costa Rica:
Cocos Island [118]; Cuba [416]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,827]; French Polynesia [554]; Ghana [141]:
Guinea [141]; Haiti [776]; Jamaica [284]; Malaysia [186]; Martinique [70]; Mexico [118,123,375a]; Netherlands
Antilles [653]; Nicaragua [782]: Panama [118,123]; Peru [123]; Puerto Rico [141]; Senegal [141]; Sierra Leone
[141]; USA: California[123,141], Florida [611]; Virgin Islands of the United States [776]
Solitary corals which occur in shallow water, mostly in caves or on vertical faces on rocks or reefs [761].
30 or more nominal species, but the genus has never been properly reviewed [582]. About 20 valid species [151]
Astrangia atrata(Dennant 1906) Australia[183]
Astrangia browni Palmer 1928 Ecuador [118]: Galapagos Islands [827], Mexico [118,375a]
Astrangia californica Durham & Bamard 1952 Mexico [219,375a]
Astrangiacostata Verrill 1866 Mexico [216,375a], Panama [777,781]
Astrangia dentata Verrill 1866 ?Costa Rica: Cocos I. [118], Mexico [216,375a,781],NI [782], Panama
[118,777,781]
Astrangia epithecata Duncan 1876
Astrangia equatorialis Durham & Barnard 1952 Ecuador [118,219]: Galapagos Islands [827], Mexico [375a]
Astrangia haimei Verrill 1866 Mexico [123,216,219,375a,781],Panama [219,777,781], Peru [123], United States
[123]
Astrangia howardi Durham & Barnard 1952 Panama [219]
Astrangia macrodentata Thiel 1940
Astrangia minuta Duncan 1876 Dominican Republic/Haiti[205]
Astrangia oaxacensis Palmer 1928 Mexico [216,375a,565]
Astrangia poculata (Ellis & Solander 1786) Ghana [141], Martinique [141], Puerto Rico [141,746], Senegal [141],
Sierra Leone [141], United States [502,776]
Astrangia pulchella Verrill 1866 Panama [219,777,781]
Astrangia solitaria (Lesueur 1817) Barbados [448], Belize [102], Bermuda [2418,821], Brazil [213,41 9,420], Cape
Verde [40], Colombia [235], Cuba [416,889], Haiti [776], Jamaica [284], Martinique [70], Mexico [375a],
Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169], Puerto Rico [10a,746], United States [611], Virgin Islands of the
United States [776]
Astrangia tangolaensis Durham 1947 Mexico [216,375a]
11)
RHIZANGIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Astrangia woodsi Wells 1955 Australia [808]
Cladangia Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 II B -
(West Africa. India)
India [602]: Senegal [141]
2 species [151]
Cladangia exusta Litken 1873 India [595,602]
Coenangia Verrill 1869 Il B -
Indonesia [735a]; Mexico [216.219.781]
1-2 [151] species
Coenangia conferta (Verrill 1869) Indonesia [735a]
Colangia Pourtalés 1871 II B -
(Caribbean [608,833]. 18-54 m [126a])
Belize [102]; Bermuda; Cayman Islands [250]; Honduras [250]; Mexico [375a]; Netherlands Antilles [653];
?Philippines[126a,520]: USA: Florida [151]
2 species [151]
Colangia immersa Pourtalés 1871 Belize [102], Cayman Islands [250], Honduras [250], Mexico [375a],
Netherlands Antilles [653], United States [611]
Colangia moseleyi (Faustino 1927) ?Philippines[126a,520]
Culicia Dana 1848 I] B -
(Red Sea [661], Indo-Pacific, including temperate zones such as New Zealand. 5-636 m)
Australia [125]; British Indian Ocean Territory [672]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [123,827]; French Polynesia
[148]; India [602,659]; Indonesia [735a]; Japan [123]; Kiribati [463]; Republic of Korea [123]; Kuwait [35la];
Malaysia: Peninsular [186,604]; Maldives [268]; Marshall Islands [807]; Mauritius [242]; Mozambique [123]; New
Caledonia [604]; New Zealand [624]; Oman [675]; Philippines [126a]; Réunion [242]; Saudi Arabia [23];
Singapore [173]; South A frica [123]; Tanzania [329]
Small corals which occur in shallow water, mostly in caves or on vertical faces on rocks or reefs [761].
About 12 nominal species, of which 6 - 10 [151] are valid.
Culicia australiensis Hoffmeister 1933
Culicia cuticulata Klunzinger 1879 Mauritius [242], Réunion [242], Tanzania [329]
Culicia excavata (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850)
Culicia hoffmeisteri Squires 1966 Australia [229]
Culicia rubeola (Quoy & Gaimard 1833) Australia [716], British Indian Ocean Territory [672], Ecuador:
Galapagos Islands [827], French Polynesia [148,593,604], India [602], Indonesia [735a], Japan [604],
Malaysia: Peninsular [604], Marshall Islands [604], New Caledonia [604], New Zealand [604,699], Singapore
[604]
Culicia smithii (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850) India [483], New Zealand [690]
Culicia stellata Dana 1848 Fiji [126a], Japan [739,858,869], Kiribati [463], Republic of Korea [123], Malaysia:
Sabah [126a], Philippines [126a], Singapore [173,710]
Culicia tenella Dana 1848 Australia[758a], Kuwait [351a], South Africa [205]
Culicia verreauxii (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850) Australia[716]
Oulangia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Il B -
(Indo-Pacific, 0-135 m)
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RHIZANGIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [827]: India: Japan [739]: Republic of Korea [123]: Mexico [123.375a]; Panama [123]:
Philippines [151]: United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467]
3-4 species [151]
Oulangia bradlevi (Verrill 1866) Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118.827]. Mexico [118.219.375a], Panama
[118.777.781]. United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467] ’
Oulangia stokesiana Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Japan [123], Republic of Korea [123]
Phyllangia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 II B -
(Antarctica [103], Caribbean [608.833]. Mediterranean, Atlantic Ocean [881], Brazil, Gulf of Guinea [420]. Red
Sea [661]. Pacific. including Gulf of California [691]. About 5.5-183 m [126a])
Algeria [190]: Belize [102]: Brazil [420]: Cape Verde [40]; Colombia [235]: Cuba [889]: Ecuador: Galapagos
Islands [118.827]: Equatorial Guinea: France [31a]; Greece [744a]: Indonesia [126a]: Israel [880c]: Italy [880c]:
Jamaica [284]; Japan [123]: Lebanon [31a]; Madagascar [126a]; Maldives [126al]; Martinique [70]: Mauritania
[880c]: Mexico [118.375a]: Nicaragua [782]: Oman [675]: Panama [757]: Papua New Guinea [126a]; Philippines
[540]; Portugal [880c]: incl. Madeira [880c]; Puerto Rico [10a]: Sao Tome and Principe [141]; Senegal [141]:
Solomon Islands; Spain: Canary Islands [880c]; Tunisia [880c]; Turkey [880c]; United Kingdom (285a]; United
States: California[141], Florida [611]: Venezuela [14]
Phyllangia is considered by some e.g. Cairns [118] to belong in the family Caryophylliidae, but is traditionally
included in the Rhizangiidae.
8-10 [151] species
Phyllangia americana Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 Belize [102], Brazil [419,420], Colombia [235], Cuba [889],
Jamaica [284], Martinique [70], Mexico [375a], Puerto Rico [10a], Senegal [141]. United Kingdom [285a],
United States [611], Venezuela[14]
Phyllangia consagensis (Durham & Barnard 1952) Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,219,827], Mexico
[118,219,375a]
Phyllangia dispersa Verrill 1864 Mexico [216,2375a], Nicaragua [782], Panama [776,781]
Phyllangia fuegoensis Squires 1963
Phyllangia granulata W. Koch 1886 Equatorial Guinea, Sao Tome and Principe [141]
Phyllangia hayamaensis (Eguchi 1968) Japan [123]
Phyllangia mouchezii (Lacaze-Duthiers 1897) Algeria [190], Cape Verde [40], France [31b,32b,423]. Greece
[744a], Israel [880c], Italy [880c], Lebanon [31a], Mauritania [880c], Portugal [880c]: incl. Madeira [880c],
Senegal [880c], Spain: Canary Is [880c], Tunisia [880c], Turkey [880c]
Phyllangia papuensis Studer 1878 Indonesia [126a], Madagascar [126a], Maldives [126a], Papua New Guinea
[126a,709], Philippines [126a,540], Solomon Islands
Family OCULINIDAE Gray 1847
Acrhelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 I] B -
(Sabah north to Ryukyu Islands, Northern Marianas and Marshall Islands; south to Great Barrier Reef and New
Caledonia; east to Vanuatu [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [792b]; Federated States of Micronesia: Fiji [503]; Guam; Indonesia
[621,735a,742]: Japan [765]; Kiribati; Malaysia: Sabah [848]; Marshall Islands [807]; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]:
Northern Marianas; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Solomon Islands; Taiwan; Tonga; Vanuatu
[762]; Viet Nam; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
A delicate, uncommon reef coral [761,847]
1 species [151,766b]
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OCULINIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Acrhelia horrescens (Dana 1848)
Amphelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 Il B -
(Atlantic, West Pacific)
Brazil [141]: Cape Verde [141]: Dominica [614]; Grenada [614]: Guadeloupe [614]; Indonesia [735a]; Japan [141]:
Martinique [614]; Mexico [141]: Saint Vincent [614]: Senegal [141]
At least 2 species [151]
Amphelia atlantica (Duncan 1870) United Kingdom [202]
Amphelia ornata (Duncan 1870) Brazil [141], Cape Verde [141], Japan [141], Mexico [141], Senegal [141], United
Kingdom [202]
Archohelia Vaughan 1919 Il B -
(Known only from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia [761])
Australia[761]
1 species [151], occurring in shallow water [761]
Archoheliarediviva Wells & Alderslade 1979
Bathelia Moseley 1881 I] B -
(Atlantic. 500-1,250 m depth)
Argentina/Uruguay[520]; Portugal: Azores [151]
1 species [151]
Bathelia candida Moseley 1881
Cyathelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 II B -
(Indo-Pacific 15-1,509 m)
Australia [761]; India [7]; Indonesia [25,520,735a]; Japan [123,853]; Philippines [126a,535]
2 species [151]
Cyathelia axillaris (Ellis & Solander 1786) India [7], Indonesia [530,735a], Japan [503], Philippines [535]
Galaxea Oken 1815 I] B -
Starburst Coral
(Red Sea [661], East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Lakshadweep, Gulf of Mannar (southern
India) and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar and Houtman Abrolhos Islands (westemm Australia).
South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan; south to Great Barrier Reef [761]; east to Line Islands and
Tuamotu Archipelago [244])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the general distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [770]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]; Brunei; China
[668,894,895]; Christmas Island [29]; Comoros; Cook Islands; Djibouti [298]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated
States of Micronesia; Fiji [359]; French Polynesia [148,244,554]; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a]; Israel
[458,661]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati; Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36],
Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands [807]; Mauritius [242.674]; Mozambique [68.845]; Myanmar
[674]; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Northern Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea [155];
Philippines [768]; Réunion [69]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [606,674,845]; Singapore [617]; Solomon
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OCULINIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Islands [796]: Somalia: South A frica [637d]: Sri Lanka [558]: Sudan (661): Taiwan [171]: Tanzania [329]; Thailand
[186.744]: Tokelau: Tonga: Tuvalu: Vanuatu [762]: Vietnam [436]: Wallis and Futuna: Yemen
The most frequently encountered species is G. fascicularis, which is very common in a wide range of reef habitats.
24 nominal species. 5 [766b] to 7 [151] valid species. 2 in Australia[761].
Galaxea alta Nemenzo 1980 Philippines [535.768]
Galaxea astreata (Lamarck 1816) American Samoa [430]. Australia [558.621], British Indian Ocean Territory
[672.674], China. Fiji [483], India [602]. Indonesia [735a,741], Japan [869], Kenya [329], Madagascar [674].
Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d]. Myanmar
[483.674]. Oman. Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [535,621,768], Saudi Arabia [674], Seychelles
[606.845]. Singapore [557,710]. Sri Lanka [558.634], Taiwan [871a], Tanzania [329], Thailand [674,744],
Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Galaxea fascicularis (Linnaeus 1758) American Samoa [430.603]. Australia [359,792b], British Indian Ocean
Territory [672.674], Christmas Island [29], Djibouti [298], Fiji [265,621,709], French Polynesia [593]. India
[483.602.659], Indonesia [25,621,735a,741], Israel [674], Japan [869], Kenya [329], Madagascar [674],
Malaysia: Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], Myanmar
(2212.483.674], New Caledonia [482], Oman [675], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea [709], Philippines
[497.621,768], Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674], Singapore [617,709,710,776],
Solomon Islands [513], South Africa [637d], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [329,470], Thailand [701,744], Vanuatu,
Vietnam [436]
Galaxea lauensis Hoffmeister 1945
Galaxea pauciradiata (Blainville 1830)
Galaxea paucisepta Claereboudt 1990 Papua New Guinea [155]
Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 Il B -
(Cosmopolitan, including Antarctica[876]. 80-2,021 m [126a])
British Indian Ocean Territory [672]; Cape Verde [190]; Cuba [611]; Dominica [614]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands
[118,827]; France [32b]; French Southern and Antarctic Territories: Amsterdam, Saint Paul [123]; Greece [744a];
Grenada [614]; Guadeloupe [614]; Iceland [880c]; India: Lakshadweep [123]; Indonesia [126a,520]; Ireland [703];
Italy [126a]; Japan [123]; Madagascar [123]; Malaysia: Sabah [126a]; Martinique [614]; Mexico [375a]; New
Zealand [699]: incl. Kermadec Islands [123,413]; Norway [880c]; Philippines [126a]; Portugal: Madeira [208]:
Saint Kitts and Nevis [520]; Somalia [123]; Taiwan [126a]; Tanzania [123]; United Kingdom [202]; United States
[611]: inc;. Hawaiian Islands [107,123]
Chevalier (1987) [151] treated Madrepora as a synonym of Amphelia.
An unknown number of species; 3 are recognised from Australia[761]
Madrepora arbuscula (Moseley 1881) Indonesia[126a,520], Malaysia: Sabah [126a], Philippines [126a]
= ? (name predated by Madrepora arbuscula Dana 1848)
Madrepora candida (Moseley 1881) Saint Kitts and Nevis [520]
Madreporacarolina (Pourtalés 1871) Cuba [611], Mexico [375a]
Madrepora kauaiensis Vaughan 1907 United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751]
Madrepora minutiseptum Caims & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a], Japan [126a], Taiwan [126a,399]
Madrepora oculata Linnaeus 1758 Cape Verde [190], Dominica [614], Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,748,827],
France [32b,423], French Southern Territories: Amsterdam, St Paul [125], Greece [744a], Grenada [614],
Guadeloupe [614], Iceland [880c], India [7,125], Indonesia [126a,190], Ireland [703], Italy [126a,190], Japan
[123], Madagascar [125], Malaysia: Sabah [126a], Martinique [614], Mexico [375a], New Zealand [123],
Norway [880c], Philippines [126a,520], Portugal: Madeira [208], Somalia [125], Tanzania [125], United
Kingdom [202], United States: Florida [190], Hawaiian Islands [107]
Madrepora vitiae Squires & Keyes 1967 New Zealand [699]
Neohelia Moseley 1881 II B -
(West and central Pacific [151]. 55-238 m [126a])
Indonesia[126a]; New Caledonia [126a]; Vanuatu [151,520]
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OCULINIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
1 species [151]
Neohelia porcellana Moseley 1881
Oculina Lamarck 1816 Il B -
(Mediterranean. Wester Atlantic. West Africa [728], New Zealand, Galapagos Islands. 0-91 m)
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Smith [682] and Wood [847]
Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Bahamas [690]: Barbados: Belize [102]: Bermuda [191,381]: Brazil [420]; British
Virgin Islands [214]; Cayman Islands; Colombia [235]: Costa Rica [158]: Cuba [415.889]: Dominica; Dominican
Republic; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [28,118]: Grenada; Guadeloupe; Haiti; Honduras; Jamaica [833]: Liberia
[27]: Martinique [70]; Mexico [375a,681]: Montserrat: Netherlands Antilles [381]; New Zealand [624]; Nicaragua:
Panama [608]: Puerto Rico [746]; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Sao Tome
& Principe [27]: Trinidad and Tobago: Turks and Caicos; United States: California [123], Florida [381]; Virgin
Islands of the United States [621]: Venezuela [14]
Approximately 20 nominal species: 5 [766b] to 15 [151] valid species. The common shallow water species found in
the Caribbean is O. diffusa; other species occur in deeper water [847].
Oculina banksi Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 Cuba [889]
Oculina diffusa Lamarck 1816 Ivory Bush Coral Bahamas [690], Bermuda [418,621,690,787]. Colombia [235],
Cuba [889], jamaica [284], Martinique [70], Mexico [241,375a], Puerto Rico [10a,746], United States
[557,611], Venezuela[14], Virgin Islands of the United States [621]
Oculina patagonica Angelis 1907 Spain (introduced) [887b]
Oculina profunda Caims 1991 Ecuador [118], United States [123]
Oculina robusta Pourtalés 1871 United States [611]
Oculina tenella Pourtalés 1871 United States [611,613]
Oculina valenciennesi Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 Ivory Tree Coral Bermuda [418,787,821], Jamaica [284],
Mexico [375a]
Oculina varicosa Lesueur 1820 Large Ivory Coral Bermuda [621,787], United States [557,630a], Virgin Islands
of the United States [621]
Oculina virgosa Squires 1958 New Zealand [693,699]
Schizoculina Wells 1937 II B -
(Atlantic)
Angola [421]; Brazil [141]; Cameroon [141]; Cape Verde [40]; Cote d'Ivoire [421]; Gabon [421]; Ghana [421];
Liberia [141]; Sao Tome and Principe [296,421]; Sierra Leone [421]
1 [766b] -2 [151] - 3 species
Schizoculinaafricana (Thiel 1928) Cape Verde [40]
Schizoculinaarbuscula (L. Agassiz 1864) Sao Tome and Principe [296], United States [776]
Schizoculina fissipara (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850) Brazil [141], Cameroon [141], Ghana [141], Liberia [141],
Sao Tome and Principe [141]
Sclerhelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 II B -
(Atlantic; West Pacific)
Indonesia [735a]; Japan [853]; Philippines [535]; Saint Helena [151]
About 5 species [151]
Sclerhelia dubia Nemenzo 1980 Philippines[535]
Sclerhelia hirtella (Pallas 1766) Saint Helena [205,880]
Simplastrea Umbgrove 1939 ll B 7
(West Pacific)
OCULINIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Indonesia [741]: Taiwan [171]
1 species [151.766b]
Simplastreavesicularis Umbgrove 1939
Family PECTINIIDAE Vaughan & Wells 1943
Echinophyllia Klunzinger 1879 I B -
Flat Lettuce Coral
(Red Sea [661], East and South Africa [68.329]. Indian Ocean, north to Arabian Gulf [95], Lakshadweep. southern
India and Mergui Archipelago: south to Madagascar and Houtman Abrolhos Islands (western Australia) [761].
South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean. north to southern Japan [231] and Marshall Islands; south to Lord Howe Island: east
to Tuamotu Archipelago [244])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]: Australia; British Indian Ocean Territory [674.832]; Brunei; China [668]: Christmas
Island: Comoros; Cook Islands; Djibouti: Egypt [661]: Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji: French
Polynesia [148.244]: Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a]; Israel [458.661]: Japan [765]: Jordan [661]; Kenya;
Kiribati [463]; Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [186], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]: Marshall
Islands [807]; Mauritius [242,674]; Mozambique [68,845]; Myanmar [212]; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]: Niue:
Northern Marianas: Oman [675]; Palau; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [535,768]; Réunion [69]; Samoa; Saudi
Arabia [15]; Seychelles [606,674.845]; Singapore; Solomon Islands [399,796]; Somalia; South Africa [637d]: Sri
Lanka: Sudan [661]; Tanzania; Taiwan [171]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga: Tuvalu; Vanuatu [762];
Vietnam; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
Found in a wide range of reef habitats and fairly common.
5 [151] - 8 [766b] valid species
Echinophyllia aspera (Ellis & Solander 1786) American Samoa [430], Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean
Territory [672,674], French Polynesia [148,593], Indonesia [735a,741], Israel [674], Japan [739,869], Kiribati
[463], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Mauritius [242.674], Mozambique
[637d.674], Myanmar [212,674], Oman [675], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [69,242], Saudi
Arabia [15], Seychelles [606], South Africa [637d], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vienam
Echinophyllia echinata (Kent 1871) Australia, French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah
[848], Maldives, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [674], Solomon Islands [399], Thailand,
Vietnam
Echinophyllia echinoporoides Veron & Pichon 1980 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848],
Papua New Guinea, Philippines[768], Vienam
Echinophylliahirsuta Nemenzo 1980 Philippines [535]
Echinophylliamaxima Moll & Best 1984 Indonesia[510]
Echinophyllianishihirai Veron 1990 Japan [764]
Echinophylliapatula (Hodgson & Ross 1982) Indonesia[735a], Japan, Philippines [768], Thailand
Echinophylliasubglabra Nemenzo 1979 Philippines [533]
Echinophyllia tosaensis (Yabe & Eguchi 1935) Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia, Maldives [605],
Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Vietnam
Mycedium Oken 1815 II B -
(Red Sea [661], East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Maldives, southern India, Andaman and
Nicobar Islands and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar and Houtman Abrolhos Islands (western Australia).
South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean north to southern Japan [739] and Marshall Islands; south to Great Barrier Reef and
Lord Howe Island [761]; east to Tubuai Islands [244])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia[770]; British Indian Ocean Territory [674,832]; Brunei; Christmas Island; Cocos
(Keeling) Islands [763]; Comoros; Cook Islands [485]; Djibouti; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of
Micronesia; Fiji [776]; French Polynesia [148,244]; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a]; Israel [458,661];
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PECTINIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Japan [765]: Jordan [661]: Kenya: Kiribati: Madagascar [587.591]: Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]:
Maldives [605.674]: Marshall Islands [807]: Mauritius [242.674]: Mozambique [68]: Myanmar [674]: Nauru: New
Caledonia [850]: Niue: Oman [675]: Palau [221]: Papua New Guinea: Philippines [768]: Puerto Rico [746]:
Reunion: Samoa: Saudi Arabia [15]: Seychelles [674.845]: Singapore [617]: Solomon Islands [796]: Somalia: Sri
Lanka: Sudan [661]: Taiwan [171]: Tanzania [329]: Thailand [186.744]: Tokelau: Tonga: Tuvalu: Vanuatu [762]:
Vietnam: Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
3 nominal species: | [151] to 2+ [766b] valid species
Mycedium elephantotus (Pallas 1766) Australia [792b]. British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674], Cocos (Keeling)
Islands, Cook Islands [485], Fiji [776], French Polynesia [593], India [602,659], Indonesia [735a.741 ]. Israel
[674]. Japan [739]. Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]. Maldives [605], Mauritius
[242.674]. Mozambique [674]. Myanmar [674]. Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion
[674], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674.845], Singapore [617.2786], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [329].
Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vienam
Mycedium mancaoi Nemenzo 1979 Philippines [533
Mycedium robokaki Moll & Best 1984 Australia, Indonesia [510,735a], Japan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines
[768], Vanuatu
Oxypora Kent 1871 Il B -
Porous Lettuce Coral
(Red Sea [661], East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Lakshadweep, southerm India and Mergui
Archipelago; south to Madagascar and Houtman Abrolhos Islands (western Australia) [761]. South-east Asia.
Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan and Marshall Islands; south to Elizabeth and Middleton reefs (east Australia)
[761]: east to Tubuai Islands [244])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia; British Indian Ocean Territory [674.832]; Brunei; Christmas Island: Cocos
(Keeling) Islands [763]; Comoros; Cook Islands; Djibouti; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia:
Fiji; French Polynesia [148,244]; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a]; Israel [661]; Japan [765]: Jordan [661];
Kenya; Kiribati; Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall
Islands [807]; Mauritius [242,674]; Mozambique [68]; Myanmar; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Northern
Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Réunion [674]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia
[15]; Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore [776]; Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; Sri Lanka; Sudan [661]; Taiwan
(171]; Tanzania; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga; Tuvalu [835]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam; Wallis and Futuna:
Yemen
Relatively common on reef slopes.
5 nominal species, 2 [151] to 3 valid species
Oxypora crassispinosa Nemenzo 1980 Philippines[535,768]
Oxypora glabra Nemenzo 1959 Australia, Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [525,768], Taiwan [171]
Oxypora lacera (Verrill 1864) American Samoa [430], Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674],
Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Indonesia [735a,741], Israel [674], Japan, Madagascar [674], Malaysia:
Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives [270,605], Marshall Islands, Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique
[637d,674], New Caledonia, Oman [675], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion
[242,674], Saudi Arabia [15], Singapore [92,617,776], Taiwan [171], Thailand [701,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Oxypora titizimaensis Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 Indonesia[741]
Pectinia Oken 1815 II B -
(East Africa [329]. Indian Ocean, north to Maldives [832], Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui Archipelago;
south to Madagascar and Ningaloo Reefs (western Australia). South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southem
Japan (9) and Marshall Islands; south to Great Barrier Reef, New Caledoniaand Fiji; east to Line Islands [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
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PECTINIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Australia: British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674.8532]: Brunei: Christmas Island: Cocos (Keeling) Islands:
Djibouti: Egypt: Ethiopia: Federated States of Micronesia: Fiji: Guam: India [598.602]; Indonesia [735a]: Japan
[765]: Kenya: Kiribati: Madagascar [587.591]: Malaysia: Peninsular [36]. Sabah [848]; Maldives [605.674]:
Marshall Islands [465]: Mauritius: Myanmar [212]: Nauru: New Caledonia [850]: Niue: Palau: Papua New Guinea:
Philippines [768]: Réunion [242]: Seychelles [674.845]; Singapore [557]: Solomon Islands [399.796]: Somalia: Sri
Lanka [558]: Sudan [661]: Taiwan [171]; Tanzania: Thailand [186.744]: Vanuatu [762]: Vietnam
The genus is usually well represented on reefs, especially in turbid water.
14 nominal species; 4 [151] to 7 [766b] valid species. including 4 from Australia[761]
Pectinia alcicornis (Kent 1871) Australia, Indonesia [735a]. Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Maldives, Papua New
Guinea. Philippines [768]. Solomon Islands [399], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Pectinia elongata (Rehberg 1892) Indonesia[735a]. Malaysia: Sabah [848], Palau [631], Papua New Guinea
Pectinia lactuca (Pallas 1766) Carnation Coral Australia [792b], Cocos (Keeling) Islands, India [602.659],
Indonesia [25.735a,741], Japan [869], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives
[605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius, Myanmar [212,674], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion
[2242.674], Seychelles [674], Singapore [617,710,776], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Pectinialaxa Nemenzo 1983 Philippines [537]
Pectinia paeonia (Dana 1848) Australia, Fiji, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [768], Singapore [557], Sri Lanka, Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vienam
Pectinia symphylloides (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849) Malaysia[36], Singapore [710]
Pectinia teres Nemenzo & Montecillo 1981 Australia, Japan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [543,768], Thailand
[674.744]
Physophyllia Duncan 1885 I B -
(East Africa; Maldives; South-east Asia; southern Japan; south to New Guinea and the Solomon Islands [761 ])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
Australia; Brunei; Federated States of Micronesia; Guam; India [598,602]; Japan [765]; Kenya [329]; Malaysia;
Maldives [605]; Myanmar; Palau; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Seychelles [674,845]; Solomon Islands
{796]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]
3 nominal species, but only | valid species [151,766b].
Physophylliaayleni Wells 1935
Family MUSSIDAE Ortmann 1890
Acanthastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 I B -
Starry Cup Coral
(Red Sea [661]. Persian Gulf, East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Arabian Gulf [95],
Lakshadweep, Gulf of Kutch (southern India) and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar and south-west
Australia. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan [19]; south to Middleton Reef (south-east
Australia)and Lord Howe island [761]; east to Tuamotu Archipelago [244] and Pitcairn Islands [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [770]; Bahrain [95,677]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]; Brunei;
China [668,895,894]; Christmas Island; Comoros; Cook Islands [485]; Djibouti; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated
States of Micronesia; Fiji [265]; French Polynesia [148,244]; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a]; Iran; Israel
[458,661]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati; Kuwait [351a]; Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia:
Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands [465,807]; Mauritius [242,674]; Mozambique
[68,845]; Myanmar; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Northern Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Papua New
Guinea; Philippines [768]; Qatar; Réunion [69]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore;
Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; South Africa [845]; Sri Lanka; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329];
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MUSSIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Thailand [186.744]: Tokelau: Tonga: Tuvalu [835]: United Arab Emirates [95.677]; Vanuatu [762]: Vienam:
Wallis and Futuna: Yemen
Generally a fairly common reef coral. occurring in a wide range of habitats [148].
Approximately 13 nominal species: 4-5 [151] to 6 [766b] to 9 valid species.
Acanthastreaamakusensis Veron 1990 Australia. Japan [764], Papua New Guinea, Thailand [764]. Vanuatu [764]
Acanthastrea bowerbanki Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 Australia [507], British Indian Ocean Territory [674].
China, Indonesia [735a]. Japan, Malaysia, Mauritius [242,674], Réunion [674], Vanuatu
Acanthastrea echinata (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean Territory
[644.672]. Cook Islands [485], Fiji [265.2621], French Polynesia [148.593], India [602], Indonesia [735a].
Israel [674]. Japan [739], Kuwait [35 1a], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives
[605], Marshall Islands [465]. Mauritius [242.674], Mozambique [637d,674]. Oman [675]. Papua New
Guinea, Philippines [768]. Réunion [69.242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674], South Africa [637d].
Taiwan [171], Tanzania [560], Thailand [674,744], Tuvalu [835], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Acanthastreahemprichii(Ehrenberg 1834) Japan
Acanthastrea hillae Wells 1955 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan [739], Mozambique [674], Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [768]. South Africa [637d], Taiwan [171], Vanuatu, Vienam
Acanthastrea ishigakiensis Veron 1990 Cook Islands [764], Japan [764], Philippines [764], Vanuatu [764]
Acanthastrealordhowensis Veron & Pichon 1982 Australia, China, Japan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768]
Acanthastreamaxima Sheppard & Salm 1988 Kuwait [351a], Oman [675]
Acanthastreaminuta Moll & Best 1984 Indonesia[510,735a]
Acanthastrearotundoflora Chevalier 1975 Japan, New Caledonia, Philippines [768]
Acanthastrea simplex (Crossland 1952) India [602]
Australomussa Veron 1985 II B -
(Eastern Indian Ocean, West Pacific)
Australia: India; Indonesia [735a]; Japan; Myanmar: Mergui Archipelago; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768];
Thailand [761,744]
A rare reef coral.
1 species [760,766b]
Australomussarowleyensis Veron 1985
Blastomussa Wells 1968 Il B -
Branched Cup Coral
(Red Sea [661]. Indian Ocean, Aldabra north to Arabian Gulf [95] the Maldives and Mergui Archipelago.
South-east Asia (excluding east coast of West Malaysia and west coast of Borneo). Pacific Ocean, north to Ryukyu
Islands, Northern Marianas and Marshall Islands; south to Great Barrier Reef [761], New Caledonia [850] and Fiji;
east to Samoa [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
Australia; British Indian Ocean Territory [674,832]; China [894,895]; Christmas Island; Djibouti; Egypt [661];
Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a]; Israel [458]; Japan [765];
Madagascar; Malaysia; Maldives [674]; Marshall Islands; Myanmar; New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Northern
Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles
[674,845]; Solomon Islands; South Africa [637d]; Sudan [334,661]; Taiwan [171]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau;
Tuvalu; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam
Generally an uncommon coral, except in some reef slope habitats.
3 species recognized by Head [334] and Veron (1995) [766b]
Blastomussa loyae Head 1978 British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Israel [334,674], Saudi Arabia [674],
Sudan [334]
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MUSSIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Blastomussa merleti (Wells 1961) Australia. British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674], Indonesia [735a]. Israel
[674]. Japan. Madagascar [?334.674]. Malaysia. New Caledonia [334.840]. Oman [675], Papua New Guinea.
Philippines [768]. Saudi Arabia [15]. Seychelles [334.674], South A frica [637d]. Sudan [334]
Blastomussa wellsi Wijsman-Best 1973 Australia. Israel [674]. Japan. Malaysia. New Caledonia [334.684.840].
Papua New Guinea. Philippines[768]. Vanuatu. Viemam
Cynarina Briiggemann 1877 II B -
(Red Sea [661]. Indian Ocean, north to Maldives [832], southern India and Mergui Archipelago: south to
Madagascar [761]. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan [739] and Guam: south to the Great
Barrier Reef: east to the Kermadec Islands [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
Australia [255.792b.815]: British Indian Ocean Territory [674.832]; Brunei: China [668]: Christmas Island:
Djibouti [298]; Egypt [661.815]; Ethiopia: Federated States of Micronesia; Guam; India [598,602]: Indonesia
[33.735a]: Israel [674]: Japan [739,765]: Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives
[605.674]: Myanmar: New Caledonia[266.850]: New Zealand: Kermadec Islands [753]: Palau; Papua New Guinea:
Philippines [?497.768]: Saudi Arabia [15]: Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore; Solomon Islands; Sri Lanka [815]:
Sudan [661]: Thailand [186,744]
A large, solitary reef coral which may be attached or free-living. Uncommon [691,848].
9 nominal species, probably only | valid species [151,766b]
Cynarina lacrymalis (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
Indophyllia Gerth 1921 I] B -
(West Pacific)
Indonesia [33,735a]
A rare coral.
1 species recognized by Best and Hoeksema [33] and Veron (1995) [766b]
Indophyllia macassarensis Best & Hoeksema 1987
Isophyllastrea Matthai 1928 II B -
(Caribbean [608,833], Bermuda)
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Smith [682] and Wood [847]
Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Bahamas [690]; Barbados [448]; Belize [102]; Bermuda [381,682,847]: British
Virgin Islands [214]; Cayman Islands [250]; Colombia [615]; Costa Rica [158]; Cuba [416]; Dominica; Dominican
Republic; Grenada; Guadeloupe; Haiti; Honduras [250,739]; Jamaica [284,833]; Martinique [70]; Mexico
([375a,381]; Montserrat; Netherlands Antilles [653]; Nicaragua; Panama [608]; Puerto Rico [10a]; Saint Kitts and
Nevis; Saint Lucia [639]; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Trinidad and Tobago; Turks and Caicos; United States:
Florida [381]; Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]; Venezuela
1 species [151,766b], generally found in fairly shallow reef habitats [847]
Isophyllastrearigida (Dana 1848)
Isophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 Il B -
(Caribbean [608,833], Bermuda)
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Smith [682] and Wood [847]
Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Bahamas [690]; Barbados [448]; Belize [102]; Bermuda [191.381.682.847]; Brazil
[420]; British Virgin Islands [214]; Cayman Islands [250]; Colombia [235,615]; Costa Rica [158]; Cuba [416,889]:
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MUSSIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Dominica: Dominican Republic: Grenada: Guadeloupe: Haiti: Honduras [250,739]; Jamaica [833]; Martinique [70]:
Mexico [375a.381]: Montserrat: Netherlands Antilles [653]: Nicaragua: Panama [608]: Puerto Rico [10a]: Saint
Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: Trinidad and Tobago: Turks and Caicos: United
States: Florida [381]: Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]: Venezuela
2 species [151,766b]: both are fairly common. especially in shallow reef habitats [847]
Isophvllia multiflora Verrill 1901 Bahamas [484]. Barbados [448], Bermuda [418.787], British Virgin Islands.
Colombia [235]. Cuba [416], Honduras [739], Jamaica [284], Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169].
Puerto Rico [10a], United States [484] = 1. sinuosa [102]
Isophyllia sinuosa (Ellis & Solander 1786) Rose Coral Bahamas [690]. Barbados [484]. Belize [102], Bermuda
[191.418,621,787], Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Cuba [416.889], Guadeloupe [501], Honduras
[250.739]. Jamaica [284]. Martinique. Mexico [375a]. Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169], Puerto Rico
[10a], United States [557,611], Virgin Islands of the United States [196,640a,776]
Lobophyllia Blainville 1830 Il B -
(Red Sea [661], East and South Africa [68.329]. Indian Ocean, north to Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar
Islands [602] and Mergui Archipelago: south to Madagascar [587] and south-west Australia[770]. South-east Asia.
Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan (231], Guam, the Marshall Islands and Line Islands; south to Flinders Reef
(eastern Australia) [761]; east to Tuamotu Archipelago [244])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]; Brunei; China [668.894.895]:
Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Comoros; Cook Islands; Djibouti [298]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia;
Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji [265]; French Polynesia [148,244]; Guam; India [598,602]: Indonesia [735a];
Israel [458,661]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]: Kiribati [463,872a]; Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia:
Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands [465.807]; Mauritius [242,674]; Mozambique
[68,845]; Myanmar [212]; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Palau [221,871]; Papua New Guinea; Philippines
[768]; Pitcairn; Réunion [674]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [606,674,845]; Singapore [617]; Solomon
Islands [796]; Somalia; Sri Lanka [599]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau;
Tonga [484]; Tuvalu [835]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen [484]
Most species are relatively common, and are important reef-builders, occurring in a wide range of habitats [847].
27 nominal species; 5-9 valid species [151,761,766b].
Lobophyllia corymbosa (Forskal 1775) American Samoa [603], Australia [621,792b], British Indian Ocean
Territory [644,672], Djibouti [298], Fiji [621], French Polynesia [148,593], India [602,659], Indonesia
[735a,741], Israel [674], Japan [869], Madagascar [674], Malaysia, Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465],
Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], Myanmar [212,674], New Caledonia [482], Palau [221,631],
Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [242,674], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [606,845], Sri Lanka
[558,599,634], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [470], Tonga [484], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Lobophylliadiminuta Veron 1985 Australia, Papua New Guinea, Thailand [674], Vanuatu
Lobophyllia hataii Yabe, Sugiyama & Eguchi 1936 Australia [792b], Indonesia [735a], Japan [739], Malaysia:
Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465], New Caledonia, Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768],
Saudi Arabia [674], Taiwan [171,871a], Thailand [674,744], Vietnam [436]
Lobophyllia hemprichii (Ehrenberg 1834) American Samoa [430], Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean Territory
[644,672], Christmas Island [484], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Fiji [265], French Polynesia [148,593],
Indonesia [621,735a,741], Israel [674], Japan [739,869], Kiribati [463], Madagascar [674], Malaysia:
Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives [674], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique
[637d,674], Myanmar [212,483,599,674], New Caledonia [482], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea [709],
Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands, Réunion [242,674], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [606,2845], Singapore
[501,617,710], Solomon Islands [513], Sudan [484], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Tonga [484], Tuvalu
(835], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436], Yemen [484]
Lobophyllia pachysepta Chevalier 1975 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Maldives,
Papua New Guinea, Philippines[768], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Lobophylliarobusta Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 Australia, Japan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines
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MUSSIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Mussa Oken 1815 I] B -
(Caribbean [608.833])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Smith [682] and Wood [847]
Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda: Bahamas [381]; Barbados [448]: Belize [102]; British Virgin Islands [214]:
Cayman Islands [250]: Colombia [235.615]: Costa Rica [158]: Cuba [416,889]; Dominica: Dominican Republic;
Grenada: Guadeloupe: Haiti: Honduras [250]: Jamaica [833]: Martinique [70]: Mexico [241,375a]: Montserrat:
Netherlands Antilles [653]; Nicaragua; Panama [608]: Puerto Rico [10a]: Saint Kitts and Nevis: Saint Lucia; Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines: Trinidad and Tobago: Turks and Caicos: United States: Florida [381]; Venezuela [14]:
Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
1 [151,766b] to 3 species, occurring in most reef habitats
Mussa angulosa (Pallas 1766) Large Flower Coral Bahamas [786], Barbados [448], Belize [102]. Bermuda [90],
British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Cuba [416,889], Honduras [250], Jamaica
[284]. Martinique [70]. Mexico [74,241,375a], Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169], Puerto Rico [10a],
United States [90,611], Venezuela [14], Virgin Islands of the United States [90,640a]
Mussa cactus Dana 1848 Fiji [265]
Mussa cerebriformis Dana 1848 = Lobophylliahemprichii [484]
Mussismilia Ortmann 1890 Il B -
(West Atlantic, Caribbean)
Barbados [448]; Brazil [420], 7Mexico [375a]
3 species [151,766b], occurring in a range of reef habitats [420,847]
Mussismilia braziliensis (Verrill 1868) Barbados [448], Brazil [419,420,779,787]
Mussismilia harttii (Verrill 1868) Brazil [419,420,779,786],?Mexico [375a]
Mussismilia hispida (Verrill 1901) Brazil [419,420,779,787]
Mycetophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 il B -
(Caribbean [608,833])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Smith [682] and Wood [847]
Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Bahamas [381]; Barbados [448]; Belize [102]; Bermuda; British Virgin Islands
[214]; Cayman Islands [250]; Colombia [235,615]; Costa Rica [158]; Cuba [416,889]; Dominica; Dominican
Republic; Grenada; Guadeloupe; Haiti; Honduras [250,739]; Jamaica [833]; Martinique [70]; Mexico [241,375a];
Montserrat; Netherlands Antilles [653]; Nicaragua; Panama [608]; Puerto Rico [10a]; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint
Lucia; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Trinidad and Tobago; Turks and Caicos; United States: Florida [381];
Venezuela; Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Generally a widespread and common reef coral [847].
2 [889] to 4 [151] to 5 [766b] species
Mycetophyllia aliciae Wells 1973 Belize [102], Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Honduras [250],
Martinique [70], Mexico [375a], Netherlands Antilles [653], Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Mycetophyllia daniana Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 Bahamas, Belize [102], Cayman Islands [250], Honduras
[250], Mexico [375a], Netherlands Antilles [653], United States [611]
Mycetophyllia ferox Wells 1973 Belize [102], Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Honduras [250,739],
Martinique [70], Mexico [375a], Netherlands Antilles [653], Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Mycetophyllia lamarckiana Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Bahamas [484], Barbados [448], Belize [102],
Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Cuba [416,889], Honduras [250],
Martinique [70], Mexico [241,375a], Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169], Puerto Rico [10a], Taiwan
[87 1a], United States [611], Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Mycetophylliareesi Wells 1973 Cayman Islands [250], Cuba [889]
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MUSSIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Scolymia Haime 1852 Il B -
= Mussa [249]
(Caribbean. south to Brazil [420]. Red Sea (doubtful record) [661]. Chagos Archipelago. north to Mergui
Archipelago: south to southern coast of Australia. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean. north to southern Japan [739].
Guam and the Marshall Islands: south to south-east Australiaand Lord Howe Island; east to Pitcairn Islands [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Smith [682]. Veron [761] or
Wood [847]
Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Australia: Bahamas [381]: Barbados; Belize [102]; Bermuda; Brazil [420]: British
Indian Ocean Territory [674,832]; British Virgin Islands; Brunei: Cayman Islands [250]; Christmas Island;
Colombia [235]; Cook Islands; Costa Rica [158]: Dominica: Dominican Republic; Federated States of Micronesia:
Fiji: French Polynesia [148.244]; Grenada: Guadeloupe: Guam: Haiti; Honduras [250]; India [598,602]: Indonesia
[735a]; Jamaica [833]; Japan [765]; Madagascar [587.591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [186], Sabah [848]; Maldives
[605,674]; Marshall Islands; Martinique [70]; Mauritius [242,674]; Mexico [375a,381]; Montserrat; Myanmar,
Nauru: Netherlands Antilles [653]; New Caledonia [850]; Nicaragua; Niue; Palau; Panama [608]; Papua New
Guinea: Philippines [768]: Pitcairn Islands [572]; Puerto Rico; Réunion [674]: Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia;
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Saudi Arabia: Singapore; Solomon Islands [796]; Taiwan [171]; Thailand
[186.744]; Tonga: Trinidad and Tobago: Turks and Caicos; Tuvalu; United States [611]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam;
Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]; Venezuela: Wallis and Futuna
Generally an Antilles uncommon coral, although it occurs in a wide range of reef and non-reefal habitats [761.847].
Scolymia was treated as confined to the western Atlantic by Chevalier (1987) [151], with Parascolymia and
Homophnllia representing it in the tropical Indo-Pacific.
2 to 8 [151] species
Scolymia australis (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) Australia[90,501,716,758a,815],Indonesia[735a], Japan
Scolymia cubensis (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849) Solitary Disk Coral Bahamas, Belize [102], Brazil [419,420].
Cape Verde [501], Cayman Islands [250], Honduras [250], Martinique [70], Mexico [74,375a], Netherlands
Antilles [653], United States [611] = Mussa cubensis [249]
Scolymia vitiensis Briiggemann 1877 Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [?672,674], Fiji [90],
Indonesia [735a], Japan [739], Madagascar [674], Malaysia, Maldives [605], Mauritius [242.674], New
Caledonia [265], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], ?Pitcairn Islands, Réunion [242,674], Saudi Arabia
[15], Taiwan, Vanuatu, Vietnam = Mussa vitiensis [249]
Symphyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 II B -
Larger Brain Coral
(Red Sea [661], East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Lakshadweep, Gulf of Kutch (northem
India), Andaman and Nicobar Islands; south to Madagascar and south-west tip of Australia. South-east Asia.
Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan [739] and Marshall Islands; south to Great Barrier Reef and Tonga; east to
Samoa [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [770]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]; Brunei; China
[668,894,895]; Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands; Comoros; Djibouti [298]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia;
Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji [265]; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a]; Japan [765]; Kenya [329];
Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands [465,807];
Mauritius [242,674]; Mozambique [68]; Myanmar [212]; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Northern Marianas;
Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Reunion [674]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15];
Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore [776]; Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; South Africa [637d]; Sri Lanka [599];
Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga [484]; Tuvalu; United States
minor outlying islands: Wake Island; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
An important reef-building coral occurring in a wide range of habitats. S. valenciennesii is probably the rarest
species, although it has a wide geographic distribution [761,847].
13 nominal species [761]; 4 [151] to 6+ [766b] valid species
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MUSSIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Symphyllia agaricia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 Australia [484], India [659], Indonesia [25.621.735a]. Japan.
Malaysia. Myanmar [483.674]. Papua New Guinea. Philippines [768], Singapore [483]. Sri Lanka [484].
Taiwan [171]. Thailand [674.744]. Tonga [484]. Vanuatu, Viemam
Symphy lia ervthraea(Klunzinger 1879) Myanmar [212]. Saudi Arabia [15]. Tanzania [470]
Symphvyilia radians Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 Australia [484], British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674].
Djibouti [298]. Fiji [484]. India [602.659]. Indonesia [735a,741]. Japan [739], Malaysia: Sabah [848],
Maldives [605]. Marshall Islands [465]. Myanmar [212.599.674]. New Caledonia [4832], Oman [675], Papua
New Guinea [501], Philippines [768], Singapore [557,710], Sri Lanka [599], Taiwan [171]. Thailand
[674.744]. Tonga [484], Vanuatu. Vietnam [436]
Symphyllia recta (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [644]. Fiji
[265]. India [602.659]. Indonesia [25.735a,741], Japan [869], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular
[36.604]. Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242.674], Mozambique [674],
Myanmar [212.674]. Palau [221]. Papua New Guinea [709], Philippines [621,768.868a], Réunion [242.674].
Saudi Arabia [674]. Seychelles [674]. Singapore [359.617]. Solomon Islands [513]. Sri Lanka [484], Taiwan
[171], Thailand [701,744], United States miscellaneous outlying islands: Wake Island, Vanuatu, Viemam
[436]
Symphyllia simplex Crossland 1948 Mozambique [674], South Africa [167]
Symphyllia valenciennesii Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah
[848]. Maldives [605], Myanmar [483.674], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [674],
Seychelles [674], Singapore [501,557], South Africa [637d], Taiwan, ?Thailand, Tonga [484]. Vanuatu.
Vietnam [436]
Symphyllia wilsoni Veron 1985 Australia[760]
Family MERULINIDAE Verrill 1866
Boninastrea Yabe & Sugiyama 1935 I] B -
(West Pacific)
Indonesia [35,185,735a]; Japan [761]; Taiwan [761]
Little is known of the status and distribution of this coral, which may be Netherlands Antilles aberrant form of
Merulina [761].
1 species [151,766b]
Boninastrea boninensis Yabe & Sugiyama 1935
Hydnophora Fischer de Waldheim 1807 II B -
Spine Corals
(Red Sea [661], Persian Gulf, East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Arabian Gulf [95], Gulf of
Kutch, southern India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar, Cocos
(Keeling) Islands and south-western Australia. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan [231],
Northern Marianas and Marshall Islands; south to Elizabeth and Middleton Reefs (eastern Australia) and Lord
Howe Island [761]; east to Line Islands and Tuamotu Archipelago [244])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [770]; Bahrain [95,677]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]: Brunei;
China [668,894,895]: Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Comoros; Cook Islands [485]; Djibouti
[298]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia [604]; Fiji [359]; French Polynesia [148,244]: Guam;
India [598.602]: Indonesia [185, 735a]; Iran; Israel [458,661]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati
[463]; Kuwait [35la]; Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]:
Marshall Islands [465,807]; Mauritius [242,674]; Mozambique [68.845]; Myanmar [212]: Nauru; New Caledonia
[850]; New Zealand: Kermadec Islands [413]; Niue; Northern Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Papua New
Guinea; Philippines [768]; Qatar; Réunion [69]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [606,674,845]: Singapore
[617]; Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; South Africa [637d]; Sri Lanka [558]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]:
Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga [484]; Tuvalu; United Arab Emirates [95,677]; Vanuatu
[762]; Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen [654]
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Hydnophora is a fairly common coral found in a range of reef habitats [847]. This genus has traditionally been
included in the family Faviidae. but has always been confused with Meru/ina, with which it has a close affinity.
Approximately 2? nominal species [761]: probably 7 valid species [151.766b]
Hydnophora bonsai Veron 1990 Japan [764]
Hydnophora exesa (Pallas 1766) American Samoa [430], Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean Territory
[644.672]. China. Cocos (Keeling) Islands [674]. Cook Islands [485], Djibouti [298]. Fiji [484], India
[602.659]. Indonesia [25.35,741.842], Israel [674], Japan [869], Kenya [329], Kuwait [351a], Madagascar
[674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Mauritius [242.674]. Mozambique
[637d.674], Myanmar [483]. New Caledonia [482.839], New Zealand: Kermadec Is [413], Oman [675].
Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [541.621,768], Réunion [69,242]. Saudi Arabia [15].
Seychelles [606]. Singapore [557.617.710]. South Africa [637d], Sri Lanka [558], Sudan [484]. Taiwan
[171]. Tanzania [329.470], Thailand [674.744], Tonga [484]. Tuvalu [265], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Hydnophora grandis Gardiner 1904 India [599]. Indonesia [35,741], Maldives [599], Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [768] = H. exesa [674,839]
Hydnophora microconos (Lamarck 1816) American Samoa [430,603], Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory
[644.672]. Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Cook Islands [603], Djibouti [298], Federated States of
Micronesia [604], Fiji [265]. French Polynesia [593]. India [602.659], Indonesia [25.35.741,842], Israel
[674], Japan [869]. Kenya [329], Kiribati [463], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36.604], Maldives
[605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674],. Myanmar [212.674], New
Caledonia [482.839], Oman [675], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768]. Reunion [69.242].
Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845], Solomon Islands [513], South Africa [637d], Taiwan [171],
Tanzania [329], Thailand [674,744], Tuvalu [265], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436], Yemen [654]
Hydnophora rigida (Dana 1848) Australia [792b], Federated States of Micronesia [557], Fiji [359]. India [602],
Indonesia [35,741.842], Japan, Kiribati [463], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], New Caledonia [839],
Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Singapore [557,617,710]. Taiwan [171], Thailand
[24.744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Merulina Ehrenberg 1834 II B -
(Red Sea [661], East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar
Islands; south to Madagascar and south-west Australia. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan,
Norther Marianas and Marshall Islands; south to Great Barrier Reef, Lord Howe Island, Fiji and Samoa; east to
Line Islands [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [770]; British Indian Ocean Territory [674,832]; Brunei; China [668,894,895]:
Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands; Comoros; Cook Islands [485]; Djibouti; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia;
Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji [776]; French Polynesia [554]; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia [185, 735a];
Israel [661]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya; Kiribati [463]; Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36],
Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands [807]; Mauritius; Mozambique [637d]; Myanmar [212]; Nauru;
New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Northern Marianas; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea [709]; Philippines [768];
Réunion; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore [617]; Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; Sri
Lanka [558]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tuvalu; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam;
Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
A relatively common coral, occurring in a wide range of reef habitats [847].
6 nominal species [761]; at least 3 valid species [766b]
Merulina ampliata (Ellis & Solander 1786) American Samoa [430], Australia [505,604,792b], British Indian Ocean
Territory [672,674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Cook Islands [485], Fiji [776], French Polynesia [593], India
[602,659], Indonesia [35,684,741], Israel [674], Japan [604,869], Kiribati [463], Madagascar [674], Malaysia:
Peninsular [36,604], Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [604], Mozambique [637d,674], Myanmar
[212,674], New Caledonia [482], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea [709], Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15],
Seychelles [674.845], Singapore [558,617,710], Solomon Islands [513], Sri Lanka [558], Taiwan [171],
Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Viennam
Merulina scabricula Dana 1848 Australia [792b], Fiji [776], Indonesia [35,742], Japan, Malaysia, Papua New
Guinea, Philippines [768], Singapore, Solomon Islands [513], Taiwan, Thailand, Vanuatu
MERULINIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Merulinascheeri Head 1983 Saudi Arabia [674], Sudan
Merulina togianensis Umbgrove 1940 Indonesia[742]
Paraclavarina Veron 1985 II B -
(West Pacific)
Australia [772]: Indonesia [35.185,735a]: Malaysia: Papua New Guinea
Usually uncommon. although locally common in some reef lagoons with soft substrata [761]. The taxonomic status
of this genus is still under debate; it may belong in Merulina [35,185].
1 species [766b]
Paraclavarinatriangularis (Veron & Pichon 1980)
Scapophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Il B -
(Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Indonesia, south to Houtman Abrolhos (south-west Australia). South-east Asia.
Pacific Ocean, north to Ryukyu Islands, Ogasawara-gunto Islands and Marshall Islands; south to Great Barrier Reef
and New Caledonia: east to Fiji [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
Australia; China [894,895]; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji; Guam; India [598.602,659]: Indonesia
(35,185,735a,741]; Iran; Japan [765]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [674]; Marshall Islands
[465.807]; Myanmar; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Northern Marianas; Palau; Papua New Guinea;
Philippines [768]: Singapore [557,617]; Solomon Islands [796]; Taiwan [171]; Thailand [186,744]; Tuvalu:
Vanuatu [762]
Uncommon, and usually found in slightly turbid water (e.g. lagoons) [761,847].
1 [766b] to 2 [151] species
Scapophylliacylindrica Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
Family FAVIIDAE Gregory 1900
Astraeosmilia Ortmann 1892 II B -
(Western Indian Ocean)
British Indian Ocean Territory [672,761]; Tanzania [560]
Chevalier (1987) treated Astraeosmilia as doubtfully synonymous with Bikiniastrea
1 species [766b], known from only a few specimens [761]
Astraeosmiliaconnata Ortmann 1892
Australogyra Veron & Pichon 1982 II B -
(Eastern Indian Ocean, West Pacific)
Australia; Indonesia[735a]; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Solomon Islands; Vanuatu [761]; Vietnam
Generally rare, and mostly restricted to turbid waters around high islands [761].
1 species [766b]
Australogyrazelli (Veron, Pichon & Wijsman-Best 1977)
Barabattoia Yabe & Sugiyama 1941 Il B -
(South-east Asia, south to south-western Australia and the Great Barrier Reef on the east [761]. Pacific Ocean,
north to Ryukyu Islands and Marshall Islands; south to New Caledonia; east to Samoa and Tonga [761])
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FAVIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]: Australia: British Indian Ocean Territory: Brunei: China [668]; Christmas Island: Cocos
(Keeling) Islands [763]: Federated States of Micronesia [839]: Fiji: French Polynesia [148]; Indonesia [735a]:
Israel; Japan [765]: Malaysia: Peninsular [186]. Sabah [848]: Marshall Islands [807]: Mozambique [637d]; Nauru:
New Caledonia [850]: Niue: Palau; Papua New Guinea: Philippines [768]; Samoa; Singapore; Solomon Islands;
Taiwan [171]: Thailand [186,744]: Tokelau: Tonga [839]: Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna
An uncommon reef coral. Recent work [761,774] suggests that Bikiniastrea is synonymous, although it is
sometimes considered as a separate genus [151.847]. Chevalier (1987) [151] treated Barabattoia as synonymous
with Favia.
Probably 4 nominal species and 1-3 [766b] valid species.
Barabattoiaamicorum (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674]. China,
Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Federated States of Micronesia [839], French Polynesia [593], Indonesia
[735a.84 1]. Israel [674], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [839], Mozambique [637d.674]. New
Caledonia [839], Papua New Guinea. Philippines [768], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore, Taiwan [171].
Thailand [674,744]. Tonga [839], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Barabattoialaddi (Wells 1954) French Polynesia [148,593]
Barabattoia mirabilis Yabe & Sugiyama 1941
Caulastraea Dana 1848 II B -
(Red Sea [661], East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Maldives [832] and Java: south to
Madagascar and Dampier (north-west Australia). South-east Asia. Pacific, north to southern Japan,
Ogasawara-gunto Islands and Marshall Islands; south to Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia [850] and Tonga; east
to Samoa [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
Australia [484]; British Indian Ocean Territory [674.832]; Brunei; China [894,895]; Christmas Island; Federated
States of Micronesia; Fiji [776]; Guam; Indonesia [735a]; Israel; Japan [765]; Kenya [329]; Madagascar [587.591]:
Malaysia: Peninsular [186], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605]: Marshall Islands; Mauritius [242,674]; Mozambique [68]:
Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Northern Marianas; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea: Philippines [768];
Réunion [69]; Samoa; Seychelles [606,674,845]; Singapore [557]; Solomon Islands [796]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania
[329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga [621]; Tuvalu; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam; Wallis and Futuna
Generally an uncommon coral, with the exception of C. furcata, which is usually found on reef slopes [691,847]
8 nominal species, 4 [766b] to 6 [151] valid species
Caulastraea curvata Wijsman-Best 1972 Australia, Indonesia [735a,842], Japan, New Caledonia [684,839], Papua
New Guinea, Philippines [768], Vanuatu
Caulastraea echinulata (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia, New
Caledonia [839], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Singapore [501,557,710]
Caulastraea furcata Dana 1848 Australia [792b], Fiji [557], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848],
Maldives [605], New Caledonia [839], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Seychelles
[674,845], Taiwan [171], Tonga [621], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Caulastraea tumida Matthai 1928 Australia [484], British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Indonesia [735a,741 ],
Israel [674], Japan, Madagascar [242,674], Malaysia: Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Mauritius [674],
Mozambique [674], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [69,242], Singapore, Thailand [701],
Vietnam
Cladocora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 Il B -
(Caribbean [608,833], Atlantic, Mediterranean, South Africa, Japan, Galapagos Islands)
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Smith [682], Veron [761] or
Wood [847]
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FAVIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Algeria [190]: Anguilla: Antigua and Barbuda: Barbados: Belize [102]: Bermuda [520]: Brazil [420]; British Virgin
Islands [214]: Cape Verde [141]: Cayman Islands: Colombia [235.615]: Costa Rica [158]: incl. Cocos Island [119]:
Cuba [416.889]: Dominica: Dominican Republic: Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [68.827]: Egypt [880c]: France
[32b]: Greece [744a]: Grenada: Guadeloupe: Haiti: Honduras: Israel [880c]: Italy [141.190]: Jamaica [833]: Japan
[853]: Lebanon [880c]: Martinique [70]; Mexico [375a.681]: Montserrat: Mozambique [674]: Netherlands Antilles
[381]: Nicaragua: Panama [608]: Portugal: Madeira [501]: Puerto Rico [746]: Saint Kitts and Nevis: Saint Lucia;
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: Senegal [141]: South Africa [68.520]: Spain [190]; Trinidad and Tobago: Turkey
[880c]: Turks and Caicos: United States: Florida [381]; Venezuela[14]: Virgin Islands of the United States [501]
There is a single shallow water species in the Caribbean. C. arbuscula [847]. This normally occurs on soft substrata
in turbid water. Other species occur in deeper water. 0-274 m.
4 species are recognized by Cairns (1991) [118], 5-6 by Chevalier (1987) [151], but only 1 by Veron (1995) [766b]
Cladocora arbuscula (Lesueur 1820) Ivory Tube Coral Belize [102], Bermuda [520], Colombia [235], Cuba
[416,889]. Jamaica [284], Martinique [70], Mexico [241,375a], Mozambique [674], Puerto Rico [10a,746].
South Africa [520], United States [611], Venezuela[14], Virgin Islands of the United States [501,621]
Cladocora cespitosa (Linnaeus 1767) Algeria[190], Egypt [880c], France [32b], Greece [744a], Israel [880c], Italy
[141,190]. Lebanon [880c], Senegal [141]. Spain [190], Turkey [880c]
Cladocora debilis Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 Argentina/Uruguay [520], Brazil [612], Costa Rica: Cocos |
[219], Ecuador: Galapagos [219,827], Puerto Rico [746], Portugal: Madeira [208,501], United States
[611.613]
Cladocora pacifica Caims 1991 Costa Rica: Cocos I. [118], Ecuador [118]
Coelastrea Verrill 1866 II B -
(Central Pacific)
United States: Hawaiian Islands [751,778]
] species [151]
Coelastrea tenuis Verrill 1866
Colpophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 I B -
(Caribbean [608,833])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Smith [682] and Wood [847]
Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Bahamas [381]; Barbados [448]; Belize [102]; Bermuda [484]; British Virgin
Islands [214]; Cayman Islands [250]; Colombia [235,615]; Costa Rica [158]; Cuba [416,889]; Dominica:
Dominican Republic: Grenada; Guadeloupe: Haiti; Honduras [250,739]; Jamaica [833]; Martinique [70]; Mexico
[241,375a]; Montserrat; Netherlands Antilles [653]; Nicaragua; Panama [608]; Puerto Rico; Saint Kitts and Nevis;
Saint Lucia [639]; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Trinidad and Tobago; Turks and Caicos; United States:
Florida [381]; Venezuela[14]; Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Widespread and important reef-builders [847]. Colpophyllia is sometimes included in the family Trachyphylliidae
[151].
2 species [766b]
Colpophyllia amaranthus (O. F. Miiller 1775) Barbados [448], British Virgin Islands, Colombia [235], Jamaica
[284], Mexico [74], Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169], Puerto Rico [10a], United States [484]
Colpophyllia natans (Houttuyn 1772) Bahamas, Barbados [448], Belize [102], Bermuda [484], British Virgin
Islands, Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Cuba [416,889], Honduras [250,739], Jamaica [284,380a],
Martinique [70], Mexico [74,241,375Sa], Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169], Puerto Rico [10a], United
States [611,776], Venezuela[14], Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Cyphastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 II B -
Lesser Knob Coral
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FAVIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
(Red Sea [661]. Persian Gulf. East and South Africa [68.329]. Indian Ocean, north to Arabian Gulf [95]. Gulf of
Kutch (north-eastern India) and Andaman and Nicobar Islands: south to Madagascar. Cocos (Keeling) Islands and
south-west tip of Australia. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean. north to southern Japan [833], Midway Islands and
Hawaiian Islands [464]. south to Lord Howe Island [761]: east to Tuamotu Archipelago)
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]: Australia [31]; Bahamas [786]; Bahrain [95]: British Indian Ocean Territory [674.832]:
Brunei: China [668.894.895]; Christmas Island: Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763.806]; Comoros: Cook Islands:
Djibouti [298]: Egypt [661]: Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji [265]; French Polynesia [148.244.5534]:
Guam; India [598.602]: Indonesia [735a]: Iran: Israel [458.661]: Japan [765]: Jordan [661]: Kenya: Kiribati: Kuwait
[351a]: Madagascar [587.591]: Malaysia: Peninsular [36]. Sabah [848]; Maldives [605.674]: Marshall Islands
[465.807]: Mauritius [242.674]; Mozambique [68.845]; Myanmar; Nauru: New Caledonia [850]; New Zealand:
Kermadec Islands [413]: Niue; Northern Marianas: Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea [709]; Philippines
[768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]: Qatar; Réunion [69]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore
[617]; Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; South Africa [637d]: Sri Lanka [558]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]:
Tanzania [329]: Thailand [186.744]: Tokelau; Tonga; Tuvalu [835]; United Arab Emirates [95.677]: United States:
Hawaiian Islands [464]: United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467]; Vanuatu [762]: Vietnam [436]:
Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
Generally a fairly common coral, occurring in a range of reef habitats [761.847].
26 nominal species; 8 [151] to 9 [761,766b] valid species
Cyphastrea agassizi (Vaughan 1907) Australia, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a]. Japan, Philippines [768], United
States: Hawaiian Is [751]
Cyphastrea chalcidicum (Forskal 1775) American Samoa [430], Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory
[644,672], ?Cocos (Keeling) Islands [674 but see 766a], Fiji [265], India [599], Indonesia [735a,741], Israel
[674], Japan [869], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall
Islands, Mauritius [242.674], Mozambique [637d,674], New Caledonia [482], Papua New Guinea, Philippines
[768,868a], Saudi Arabia [674], Seychelles [674], Singapore [617,710], Solomon Islands [513], South Africa
[637d], Sri Lanka [483], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [470,560], Thailand [674,744], Vietnam [436]
Cyphastrea decadia Moll & Best 1984 Australia, Indonesia [510,735a], Japan, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea,
Philippines, Vanuatu, Vietnam
Cyphastrea japonica Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 Australia [792b], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia; Sabah [848],
Philippines [768]
Cyphastrea microphthalma (Lamarck 1816) American Samoa [430], Australia [716], British Indian Ocean
Territory [644,672], China, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Fiji [265], French Polynesia [593], India
[602,659], Indonesia [25,735a,741], Israel [674], Japan, Kuwait [351a], Madagascar [674], Malaysia:
Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], New Caledonia
[482], Oman [675], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768,868a], Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia
[15], Seychelles [674,835], Singapore, Sri Lanka [558], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu [621],
Vietnam
Cyphastreanodulosa Verrill 1901 Bahamas [786]
Cyphastrea ocellina (Dana 1848) Australia, Indonesia, Japan, Marshall Islands, Philippines [768], United States:
Hawaiian Is [751], United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467]
Cyphastrea serailia (Forskal 1775) Australia [758a,792b], China, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Djibouti [298],
Fiji [507], French Polynesia [148,593], India [602], Indonesia [735a,741], Israel [674], Japan [739,869],
Kuwait [35la], Malaysia, Maldives [599,674], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique
[637d,674], New Caledonia [482], New Zealand: Kermadec Is [413,753], Oman [675], Palau [221], Papua
New Guinea [709], Philippines [540,621,768], Pitcairn Islands, Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15],
Seychelles [674,845], Singapore, Sri Lanka [483,599], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Tuvalu [835],
Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Cyphastrea tanabensis Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 Philippines [768] = ?C. japonica [766]
Cyphastreazhongjianensis Zou 1980 China [892]
Dendrocora Duncan 1876 II B -
(West Africa)
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FAVIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Bonito [205]
1 species [151]
Dendrocorafissipara Duncan 1876
Diploastrea Matthai 1914 Il B -
(Red Sea [661]. Aldabra and Madagascar in the western Indian Ocean, north to Lakshadweep and Andaman and
Nicobar Islands: south to north-west Australia. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan and
Micronesia: south to Great Barrier Reef. New Caledonia and Fiji; east to Samoa [761,847])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [31]; British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674.832]: Brunei: China [668.894.895]:
Christmas Island: Comoros: Djibouti [298]; Egypt [661]: Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji [359]:
Guam: India [598,602,659]; Indonesia [735a.741]: Japan [765]; Madagascar [587.591]; Malaysia: Peninsular
[36.604], Sabah [848]: Maldives [605.674]; Marshall Islands [807]; Mauritius; Myanmar; Nauru; New Caledonia
[850]; New Zealand; Niue; Northern Marianas; Palau [221]: Papua New Guinea [359]: Philippines [768.868a];
Réunion; Samoa: Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [606,674,845]: Singapore [617]; Solomon Islands [796]; Sri Lanka;
Sudan [661]: Taiwan [171]; Thailand [186,744]: Tokelau; Tuvalu [265,835]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam; Wallis and
Futuna; Yemen
Relatively uncommon, although forms large colonies in a wide range of habitats [761].
1 species [151,766b]
Diploastrea heliopora (Lamarck 1816)
Diploria Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 II B -
(Caribbean [608,833], Bermuda)
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Smith [682] and Wood [847])
Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Bahamas [690]; Barbados [448]; Belize [102]; Bermuda [118,191,381]: British
Virgin Islands [214]; Cape Verde [141]; Cayman Islands [250]; Colombia [235,615]; Costa Rica [158]; Cuba
[416,889]; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Grenada; Guadeloupe [557]; Haiti [557]; Honduras [250,739]: Jamaica
[833]; Martinique [70]; Mexico [241,375a]; Montserrat; Netherlands Antilles [653]; Nicaragua; Panama [608];
Puerto Rico [10a]; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia [639]; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Trinidad and
Tobago; Turks and Caicos; United States: Florida [381]; Venezuela[14]; Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Diploria is an important reef-building coral, found in a wide range of habitats [682,847].
Aproximately 12 nominal species; probably only 3 valid species [151,766b]
Diploria clivosa (Ellis & Solander 1786) Bahamas [690], Barbados [448], Belize [102], Bermuda, British Virgin
Islands, Cape Verde [141], Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Cuba [416,889], Haiti [557,776],
Honduras [250,739], Jamaica [284], Martinique [70], Mexico [241,375a], Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama
[169], Puerto Rico [10a], Saint Lucia [639], United States [141], Venezuela[14]
Diploria labyrinthiformis (Linnaeus 1758) Common Brain Coral Bahamas [484], Barbados [448], Belize [102],
Bermuda [191,418,621,787], British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Cuba [416,889],
Guadeloupe [557], Honduras [250], Jamaica [284], Martinique [70], Mexico [241,375a], Netherlands Antilles
[653], Puerto Rico [10a], Saint Lucia [639], United States [611], Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Diploria strigosa (Dana 1848) Bahamas [690], Barbados [448], Belize [102], Bermuda [191,418], British Virgin
Islands, Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Cuba [416,889], Guadeloupe [484], Honduras [250], Jamaica
[284], Martinique [70], Mexico [74,241,375a], Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169], Puerto Rico [10a],
Saint Lucia [639], United States [611], Venezuela[14], Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Echinopora Lamarck 1816 II B -
Hedgehog Coral
(Red Sea [661], East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to the Gulf of Mannar (southern India) and the
Andaman and Nicobar Islands; south to Madagascar, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Ningaloo Reefs (western
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FAVIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Australia). South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean. north to southern Japan, Northern Marianas. Marshall Islands and
Phoenix Islands: south to Great Barrier Reef [761]: east to Tuamotu Archipelago)
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]: Australia [31]: British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]; Brunei: China [668.894.895]:
Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]: Comoros: Cook Islands: Djibouti [298]: Egypt [661]; Ethiopia:
Federated States of Micronesia: Fiji [776]: French Polynesia [148.244]; Guam; India [598.602]: Indonesia [735a]:
Israel [458.661]; Japan [739.765]: Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Madagascar [587.591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36].
Sabah [848]: Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands [465,807]; Mauritius [242.674]: Mozambique [68.845]:
Myanmar; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]: Niue; Northern Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea:
Philippines [768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]: Réunion [69a]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [606,674.845]:
Singapore [776]: Solomon Islands [796]: Somalia: South Africa [637d]; Sri Lanka [558]: Sudan [661]; Taiwan
{171}; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga: Tuvalu: Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [436]; Wallis and
Futuna; Yemen
Generally a fairly common coral [847]. However, E. hirsutissima, although widely distributed, is very rare [761].
Approximately 30 nominal species, 7-8 [766b] or 10 [151] valid species
Echinoporaashmorensis Veron 1990 Australia[764], Philippines [764]
Echinopora forskaliana (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850)
Echinopora gemmacea (Lamarck 1816) Australia[792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Djibouti [298],
French Polynesia [593], India [599], Indonesia [735a,741], Israel [674], Japan, Madagascar [674], Malaysia:
Sabah [848], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], Oman [675], Papua New Guinea, Philippines
[768], Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845], South Africa [637d], Tanzania [470,560],
Thailand, Vanuatu, Vietnam
Echinopora hirsutissima Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], India
[674], Indonesia [735a], Japan [739], Malaysia: Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Mozambique [637d],
Philippines [541,768], Saudi Arabia [674], Seychelles [606], South Africa [637d], Sri Lanka [558,634],
Tanzania [714a], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Echinopora horrida Dana 1848 Australia [792b], Fiji [776], India [602], Indonesia [735a,741], Malaysia:
Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [674], Singapore [92,710],
Solomon Islands [513], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu
Echinopora lamellosa (Esper 1797) American Samoa [430,786], Australia [558,792b], British Indian Ocean
Territory [644,672], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Fiji [776], French Polynesia [593], India [483,602,659],
Indonesia [735a,741], Israel [674], Japan [869], Kenya [329], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36],
Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], New
Caledonia [482], Oman [675], Palau [221,786], Papua New Guinea [709], Philippines [543,768], Saudi Arabia
[674], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore [557,617,710,776], Solomon Islands [513], Sri Lanka [558], Taiwan
{171], Tanzania [329], Thailand [674,701,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Echinopora mammiformis (Nemenzo 1959) Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Philippines
[525,768], Saudi Arabia [674], Vanuatu
Echinopora pacificus Veron 1990 Australia[764], Indonesia [764], Japan [764], Philippines [764], Vanuatu [764]
Erythrastrea Scheer & Pillai 1983 II B =
(Red Sea)
Egypt: Gulf of Aqaba [661]; Israel
1 [766b]-2 species
Erythrastrea flabellata Scheer & Pillai 1983 Israel [674]
Erythrastreawellsi (Ma 1959)
Favia Oken 1815 I] B -
Knob Coral
(Caribbean [608,833] south to Brazil. Eastern Atlantic south to Ascension, east to Gulf of Guinea [148,728]. Red
Sea [661], Persian Gulf, East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Arabian Gulf [95], Gulf of Kutch,
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FAVIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
southern India. Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar. Cocos (Keeling)
Islands and south-west tip of Australia. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean. north to southern Japan and Hawaiian
Islands: south to Lord Howe Island and Pitcairn Islands [761]: east to Marquesas and Easter Island [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Smith [682], Veron [761] or
Wood [847]
American Samoa [430]: Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Australia [31]; Bahamas [690]; Bahrain [95]; Barbados
[448]: Belize [102]: Bermuda [381]; Brazil [420]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674.832]: British Virgin
Islands [214]: Brunei: Cape Verde [728]: Cayman Islands [250]; Chile: Easter Island [761]; China [668.894.895]:
Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]: Colombia [235.615]: Comoros; Cook Islands; Costa Rica [158]:
Cuba [416.889]; Djibouti [298]; Dominica: Dominican Republic: Ecuador; Egypt [661]; Equatorial Guinea: Pagalu
[141]: Ethiopia: Federated States of Micronesia: Fiji [359]; French Polynesia [148.244]: Grenada: Guadeloupe:
Guam: Haiti [507]: Honduras [250,739]; India [598,602]: Indonesia [735a]; Iran; Israel [458.661]; Jamaica [833]:
Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati [872a]; Kuwait [35la]; Madagascar [587,591]: Malaysia:
Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]: Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands [465,807]; Martinique [70]; Mauritius
[242.674]: Mexico [241.375a]; Montserrat: Mozambique [68,845]; Myanmar [212]; Nauru; Netherlands Antilles
[653]; New Caledonia [850]: New Zealand; Nicaragua: Niue; Northern Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau [221]:
Panama [608]; Papua New Guinea: Philippines [768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]; Portugal: Azores [786]: Puerto Rico
[10a,746]; Qatar; Réunion [69a]; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia [639]; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [621]:
Samoa; Sao Tome and Principe [141]; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [606,674.845]; Singapore [557]; Solomon
Islands [796]; Somalia; South A frica [845]; Sri Lanka [558]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]: Thailand
[186.744]: Tokelau; Tonga [359]; Trinidad and Tobago; Turks and Caicos; Tuvalu [265,835]; United Arab Emirates
[95,677]; USA: California, Florida [464], Hawaiian Islands [464]; Vanuatu [762]; Virgin Islands of the United
States [640a]; Venezuela [14]; Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen [654]
Favia forms only small colonies in the Atlantic and is relatively uncommon [847]. In the Indo-Pacific it is an
important reef-builder, occurring in all reef habitats. Some species are rare (e.g. F. helianthoides and F. maritima),
but most are common and occur in a wide range of habitats. F. pallida is the most common and widespread species
[761].
Approximately 70 nominal species; 28 [151] to 30+ [766b] valid species. 11 valid species are recorded from
Australia[761], and | from the Caribbean.
Favia affinis (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850) Fiji [265], Singapore [557,710], Tanzania [470]
Favia danai Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines
[768], Tonga [507], Tuvalu [835]
Favia favus (Forskal 1775) American Samoa [430], Australia [792b], Brazil [213], British Indian Ocean Territory
[644,672], China, Djibouti [298], French Polynesia [148,593], India [602,659], Indonesia [735a,841], Israel
[674], Japan [739], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall
Islands [839], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], Myanmar [212,483], New Caledonia [482,839],
Oman [675], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674],
Singapore [359], Solomon Islands [512], South Africa [637d], Sri Lanka [359,558], Taiwan [171], Tanzania
[359], Thailand [674,744], Tonga [359], Tuvalu [265], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436], Yemen [654]
Favia fragum (Esper 1795) Golfball Coral, Small Star Coral Bahamas [690,786], Barbados [448], Belize [102],
Bermuda [191,418,787], British Virgin Islands, Cape Verde [40,141], Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235],
Cuba [416,889], Equatorial Guinea [141], Haiti [507], Honduras [250,739], Jamaica [284], Martinique [70],
Mexico [241,375a], Mozambique [674], Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169], Puerto Rico [10a,746],
Portugal: Azores [755], Saint Lucia [639], Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [614], Sao Tome and Principe
[141,296], United States [141], Venezuela[14], Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Favia gravida Verrill 1868 Bermuda [141,787], Brazil [213,419,420,779], Cape Verde [141], Mexico [375a], Sao
Tome and Principe [141,296], Taiwan [87 1a]
Favia helianthoides Wells 1954 Australia, Indonesia [735a,841], Japan, Marshall Islands, Philippines [541,768],
Saudi Arabia [674], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu
Favia laxa (Klunzinger 1879) American Samoa [430], Australia, Fiji [560], Indonesia [735a,841], Israel [674],
Japan, Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Mozambique [674], New Caledonia[839], Palau [839], Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [768], Réunion [242,674], Saudi Arabia [15], Singapore [560], Solomon Islands [513], Taiwan
{171,87 1a], Tanzania [560], Thailand [674,744], Vietnam [436]
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FAVIIDAE CITES ECReg. RL
Favia leptophvlla Verrill 1868 Brazil [419.420.779.787]
Favia lizardensis Veron. Pichon & Wijsman-Best 1977 Australia. China. Indonesia [735a]. Japan, Papua New
Guinea. Philippines [768]. Saudi Arabia [674]. Thailand [674.744]. Vanuatu. Vietnam [436]
Favia lvlei Nemenzo 1984
Favia maritima (Nemenzo 1971) Australia, Indonesia [735a]. Japan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [530,768].
Taiwan [171], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Favia matthaii Vaughan 1918 Australia. British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a],
Indonesia [735a,742.84 | ]. Japan [739], Madagascar. Malaysia: Peninsular [36]. Sabah [848], Marshall Islands
[465]. Mozambique [637d], New Caledonia [839], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768]. Pitcairn Islands
[572]. Réunion [69], Saudi Arabia [674], Singapore, South Africa [637d], Thailand [674,744]. Vanuatu.
Vietnam [436]
Favia maxima Veron, Pichon & Wijsman-Best 1977 Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674]. Indonesia
[735a]. Japan. Papua New Guinea. Philippines [768], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744]. Vietnam [436]
Favia pallida (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430.603], Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [644.672].
China, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Fiji [839]. French Polynesia [148,593], India [602,659], Indonesia
[735a,741.841], Israel [674], Japan, Kiribati [463,872a], Kuwait [35la], Madagascar [674], Malaysia:
Peninsular [36]. Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique
[637d.674], Myanmar [483], New Caledonia [482.839]. Oman [675], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea.
Philippines [768], Réunion [69,242]. Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [606,845], Singapore, Solomon Islands
[513]. South Africa [637d], Sri Lanka [558], Taiwan [171,871a], Thailand [701,744], Vanuatu [19a], Vietnam
[436]
Favia rotulosa (Ellis & Solander 1786) Indonesia [735a,841], United States [61 1]
Favia rotumana (Gardiner 1899) American Samoa [430], Australia, China, Fiji [265], French Polynesia [148,593],
India [602.659], Indonesia [735a,841], Japan, Kiribati [872a], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848],
Maldives [674], Marshall Islands [839], Mozambique [637d,674], New Caledonia [839], Palau [221], Papua
New Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [572], Réunion [69], Saudi Arabia [674], South A frica [637d],
Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vietnam [436]
Favia rotundata (Veron, Pichon & Wijsman-Best 1977) Australia, Indonesia [735a], Israel [674], Japan, Malaysia:
Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [674], Taiwan [171].
Thailand, Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Favia speciosa (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [359,758a,792b], British Indian Ocean Territory
[644,672], China, ?Cocos (Keeling) Islands [674 but see 766a], Djibouti [298,359], Fiji [359], French
Polynesia [148,593], India [602,659], Indonesia [25,735a,741,841], Israel [674], Japan [739,869], Kiribati
[463], Madagascar [839], Malaysia, Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674],
Mozambique [332,637d,674], Myanmar [212,674], New Caledonia [482,839], Oman [675], Palau [221],
Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768,868a], Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [674], Singapore [617,710,839],
South Africa [637d], Sri Lanka [359], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [470,7 14a], Thailand [701,744], United States:
Hawaiian Is [751], Vanuatu [19a], Vietnam [436]
Favia stelligera (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [758a,792b,839], British Indian Ocean Territory
[644,672], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Fiji [839], French Polynesia [148.593], India [602,659], Indonesia
([735a,741,841], Israel [674], Japan [869], Kiribati [463,872a], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36].
Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], New
Caledonia [839], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [572], Réunion [69,242],
Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore, South Africa [637d], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744],
United States: Hawaiian Islands [751,839], Vanuatu [839], Vietnam [436]
Favia valenciennesii (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) Australia [839], India [209,602,659], Indonesia
[621,741,742,839,841], Japan [739,869], Madagascar [839], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [839],
Myanmar [212,674], New Caledonia [839], Philippines [839,868a], Seychelles [839], Sri Lanka [839], Taiwan
[839], Thailand
Favia veroni Moll & Best 1984 Australia [510], Indonesia [510,735a], Japan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines
[768], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Favia wisseli Scheer & Pillai 1983
Favites Link 1807 II B -
Larger Star Coral
(Red Sea [661], Persian Gulf, East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Arabian Gulf [95]
Lakshadweep, Gulf of Kutch (north-west India), southern India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui
Archipelago; south to Madagascar and Cocos-Keeling Islands and south-west tip of Australia. South-east Asia.
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FAVIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Pacific Ocean. north to southern Japan, Ogasawara-gunto Islands, south to Lord Howe Island [761]: east to
Tuamotu Archipelago)
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [31]; Bahrain [95,677]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644.674,832]: Brunei:
China [668.894.895]: Christmas Island: Cocos (Keeling Islands) [806]; Comoros; Cook Islands [485]: Djibouti
[298]: Egypt [661]; Ethiopia: Federated States of Micronesia: Fiji [265]: French Polynesia [148,244]: Guam: India
[598.602]: Indonesia [735a]: Iran; Israel [458.661]: Japan [765]: Jordan [661]: Kenya [329]: Kiribati [872a]: Kuwait
[35]la]; Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands
[465.807]: Mauritius [674]; Mozambique [68,845]; Myanmar [212]; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Northem
Marianas: Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea [709]: Philippines [768]: Pitcairn Islands [572]; Qatar:
Réunion [69a]: Samoa: Saudi Arabia [15]: Seychelles [606.674.845]; Singapore [557]: Solomon Islands [796]:
Somalia: South Africa [845]; Sri Lanka [558]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]:
Tokelau; Tonga; Tuvalu; United Arab Emirates [95,677]; United States: Hawaiian Islands [464]; Vanuatu [762]:
Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
Favites is an important reef-builder, but also occurs widely in non-reefal habitats. Most species are common and
widespread [761,847].
Approximately 23 nominal species, c. 15 valid species [151,766b].
Favites abdita (Ellis & Solander 1786) Honeycomb Coral American Samoa [430,603], Australia [758a,792b],
British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], China, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Cook Islands [485,604]. Fiji
[265]. French Polynesia [593], India [602,659], Indonesia [25,735a,741,842], Israel [674], Japan, Kiribati
[463], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36,604], Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Mauritius [242,674].
Mozambique [637d.674], Myanmar [212,674], New Caledonia [482,839], Oman [675], Palau [221], Papua
New Guinea [709], Philippines [768,868a], Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674], Singapore
[557,617,710], South Africa [167,637d], Sri Lanka [558,634], Taiwan [171], Thailand [701,744], Vanuatu
[19a], Vietnam [436]
Favites acuticollis (Ortmann 1889) Indonesia[735a,842], Japan [839], New Caledonia [839], Sri Lanka [558,839]
Favites chinensis (Verrill 1866) American Samoa [430], Australia [839], British Indian Ocean Territory [644.672].
China [839], Indonesia [735a,74 1,842], Israel [674], Japan, Kiribati [872a], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah
[848], Mozambique [674,845], New Caledonia [839], Oman [675], Palau [839], Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15], South Africa [637d], Taiwan [171], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Favites complanata (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) Australia, Djibouti [298], Fiji [265], French Polynesia
[148,593], India [602], Indonesia [735a], Israel [674], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], , Maldives [674].
Mozambique [637d,674], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [69], Saudi Arabia [15.655],
Seychelles [674.845], South A frica [637d], Taiwan [171], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Favites flexuosa (Dana 1848) Australia [792b,839], British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674]. China, Fiji [839],
French Polynesia [593], India [602], Indonesia [735a,741,842], Israel [674], Japan [739], Malaysia: Sabah
[848], , Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique [637d], New Caledonia [839], Palau [839],
Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [69,69a], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore,
South Africa [637d], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Favites halicora (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) American Samoa [430], Australia [758a], British Indian Ocean
Territory [644,672], India [602,659], Indonesia [735a,?742], Israel [674], Japan, Madagascar [674], Malaysia:
Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique [637d,674], Myanmar [212,483,], New
Caledonia [482], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [69a], Saudi Arabia [674], Singapore,
Solomon Islands [513], South Africa [167,637d], Sri Lanka [634], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [470], Vanuatu,
Vietnam = F. abdita [839]
Favites melicerum (Ehrenberg 1834) British Indian Ocean Territory [644], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [674], India
[602], Indonesia [735a,842], Kiribati [463], Maldives [605], Myanmar [674], New Caledonia [839], Sri Lanka
[839], Vanuatu [839]
Favites pentagona (Esper 1794) Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674], Cocos (Keeling) Islands
[766a], Djibouti [298], India [602], Indonesia [735a,74 1,842], Israel [674], Japan [739,869], Kiribati [872a],
Kuwait [35la], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives [674], Mauritius
[242.674], Mozambique [637d,674], Myanmar [483,674], New Caledonia [839], Oman [675], Papua New
Guinea, Philippines [768], Reunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845], South Africa
[167,637d], Sri Lanka [558], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [560], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu [621], Vietnam
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FAVIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Favites peresi Faure & Pichon 1978 British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674], Israel [674]. Mozambique [637d].
Oman [675], Reunion [69.69a]. Saudi Arabia [15]. South Africa [637d]
Favites polarensis (Yabe & Sugiyama 1936)
Favites rufa Wijsman-Best 1972 Indonesia[735a.842]. New Caledonia [684.839]
Favites russelli (Wells 1954) American Samoa [430], Australia. French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [735a]. Japan,
Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Papua New Guinea, Philippines [541,768], Taiwan [171], Thailand, Vanuatu,
Viemam
Favites stvlifera Y abe & Sugiyama 1937 Japan [869]
Favites virens (Dana 1848) Australia [255.792b]. British Indian Ocean Territory [644], Fiji [483], India [599].
Indonesia [735a.74 1,842], Israel [674], Japan [869], Madagascar [674], Maldives [605], Mauritius [242.674],
Mozambique [674], Myanmar [212], New Caledonia [839], Palau [221], Philippines [483,868a]. Réunion
[242.674]. Seychelles [606], Tanzania [470,560], United States minor outlying islands: Wake Island [173a]
Goniastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Il B -
(Caribbean. Red Sea [661], Persian Gulf, East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean north to Lakshadweep, Gulf
of Kutch (north-west India) and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar and south-west tip of Australia.
South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan and Hawaiian Islands; south to Lord Howe Island [761]:
east to Line Islands and Tuamotu Archipelago)
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [839]; Bahrain [95,677]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]: Brunei;
China [668.894,895]: Christmas Island [29]; Comoros; Cook Islands [485,604]; Cuba [889]; Djibouti [298]; Egypt
[661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji [265]; French Polynesia [148,244]: Guam; India [598.602]:
Indonesia [735a]; Iran; Israel [458,661]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati [872a]; Kuwait:
Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands [465,807];
Mauritius [558]; Mozambique [68,845]; Myanmar [212]; Nauru; Netherlands Antilles [653]; New Caledonia [850]:
New Zealand: Kermadec Islands [413]; Niue; Northern Marianas; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea; Philippines
[768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]; Qatar; Réunion [69a]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [606,674.845]; Singapore
[558]; Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; Sri Lanka [558]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand
[186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga; Tuvalu; United Arab Emirates [95,677]; United States: Hawaiian Islands [464]; United
States minor outlying islands: Wake Islands; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [436];Virgin Islands of the United States
[776]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
An important reef-builder, but also occurs widely in non-reefal habitats. Most species are common and widespread
[761,847].
Approximately 34 nominal species; 10 [151] to 12 [766b] valid species
Goniastrea aspera (Verrill 1866) Australia [839], British Indian Ocean Territory [674], China, Cook Islands [485],
Indonesia [735a,842], Japan [869], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Mauritius [674], Mozambique
{674], Myanmar [212,674], New Caledonia [839], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768],
Réunion [674], Singapore, Taiwan [171], Thailand [701,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436] =G. favulus [839]
Goniastrea australensis (Milne Edwards & Haime 1857) Australia [758a,792b], British Indian Ocean Territory
[674], Cook Islands [485], French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [735a], Japan [739], Malaysia: Peninsular [36],
Mauritius [558], Mozambique [637d,674], New Caledonia [839], New Zealand: Kermadec Is [413,753],
Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands [572], Saudi Arabia [674], Seychelles [606], Singapore
[617], South Africa [167], Sri Lanka [558,634], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [560], Thailand [701], Vanuatu,
Vietnam
Goniastreacolumella Crossland 1948 South Africa [167]
Goniastrea deformis Veron 1990 Japan [764]
Goniastrea edwardsi Chevalier 1972 American Samoa [430], Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674],
Fiji [265], Indonesia [735a,842], Japan, Kiribati [872a], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Marshall
Islands [465], Mozambique [637d,674], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [674], Seychelles
[674,845], South Africa [637d], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Goniastrea favulus (Dana 1848) Australia, China, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Japan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines,
Vanuatu, Vietnam
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FAVIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Goniastrea palauensis (Yabe & Sugiyama 1936) American Samoa [430], Australia. British Indian Ocean Termitory
[674]. Indonesia [735a]. Malaysia [36], New Caledonia [839]. Palau [221]. Philippines [768], Réunion [69].
Seychelles [674]. Singapore. Thailand [674.744]. Viemam
Goniastrea pectinata (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) American Samoa [430]. Australia [758a,792b.839]. British
Indian Ocean Territory [644.672]. China [839]. Cook Islands [604]. Djibouti [298]. Fiji (839]. French
Polynesia [593]. India [602.659]. Indonesia [25.621,735a.741.842].Israel [674]. Japan [869]. Kiribati [872a].
Madagascar [674]. Malaysia: Peninsular [36.604]. Sabah [848], Maldives [605]. Marshall Islands [465].
Mauritius [242.674]. Mozambique [637d]. New Caledonia [482.838], New Zealand: Kermadec Is ({413]. Palau
[221]. Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768]. Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [606],
Singapore [617]. Solomon Islands [513]. South Africa [637d], Taiwan [171], Thailand [701,744]. Vanuatu
[19a]. Vietnam [436]
Goniastrea retiformis (Lamarck 1816) American Samoa [430]. Australia [359.792b], British Indian Ocean
Territory [672.674], Christmas Island [29], Djibouti [298], Fiji [265], India [602.659], Indonesia
[25.735a.741,842]. Israel [674], Japan [869], Kenya [329], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [604],
Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d.674],
Myanmar [212.674], New Caledonia [482.839], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768,868a].
Reunion [69.242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674.845], Singapore [558], Solomon Islands (513], South
Africa [637d]. Sri Lanka [558]. Taiwan [171], Tanzania [329], Thailand [674.744], Vanuatu. Vietnam [436]
Goniastreavaria (Dana 1848) Virgin Islands of the United States [776]
Leptastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 II B -
Crust Coral
(Red Sea [661], Persian Gulf, East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Arabian Gulf [95],
Lakshadweep, Gulf of Kutch (north-west India) and Andaman and Nicobar Islands: south to Madagascar. Cocos
(Keeling) Islands and Houtman Abrolhos Islands (south-western Australia). South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean. north
to southern Japan, Midway Islands and Hawaiian Islands; south to Elizabeth and Middleton Reefs (south-east
Australia); east to Line Islands, Tuamotu Archipelagoand Pitcaim Islands)
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [31]; Bahrain [95]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]; Brunei: China
[668.894,895]: Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Comoros; Cook Islands [485,604]; Djibouti [298];
Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji [265]; French Polynesia [148,244]; Guam; India
[598,602]; Indonesia [735a]; Iran; Israel [458,661]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati [463]; Kuwait
[351a]; Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands
[465,807]; Mauritius [242,674]; Mozambique [68]; Myanmar [212]; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]: Niue; Northem
Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]; Qatar; Réunion
[69a]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845]: Singapore; Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; Sri Lanka
[604]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga; Tuvalu [835]; United
Arab Emirates [95,677]; United States: Hawaiian Islands [464]; United States minor outlying islands: Johnston
Atoll [467]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna: Yemen [654]
Most species, and particularly Z. purpurea, are common and occur in a wide range of reef habitats [761].
16 nominal species; 7 [151]to 8 [766b] valid species, of which 5 are reported from Australia[761]
Leptastrea bewickensis Veron, Pichon & Wijsman-Best 1977 Indonesia [735a]
Leptastrea bottae (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850) American Samoa [430], Australia, British Indian Ocean
Territory [644,672], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Djibouti [298], French Polynesia, India [602], Indonesia
[735a], Israel [674], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Sabah [848], Maldives [599], Mauritius [242,674],
Mozambique [637d,674], Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674], South Africa [167], Tuvalu
[835], United States: Hawaiian Is [751]
Leptastrea humilis Duncan 1889 Myanmar [212]
Leptastrea inaequalis Klunzinger 1879 Australia, Djibouti [298], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia, Oman [675],
Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [674], United States, Vanuatu = L. bottae [674,844]
Leptastrea pruinosa Crossland 1952 Australia, China, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Indonesia [735a], Japan
[739], Malaysia: Sabah [848], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Pitcairn Islands, Singapore, Taiwan
[171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
FAVIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Leptastrea purpurea (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430]. Australia [359,792b], British Indian Ocean Termitory
[644.672]. China. Cocos (Keeling) Islands [674]. Cook Islands [485]. Fiji [265], French Polynesia [148.593].
India [602]. Indonesia [735a.741 ]. Israel [674]. Japan [739.869]. Kiribati [463]. Madagascar [674]. Malaysia:
Peninsular [36]. Sabah [848]. Maldives [674]. Marshall Islands [465]. Mauritius [242.674]. Mozambique
[637d.674]. Myanmar [483]. New Caledonia [482]. Oman [675]. Palau [221]. Papua New Guinea. Philippines
[768]. Pitcairn Islands [572], Réunion [69.242]. Saudi Arabia [15]. Seychelles [674.845], Singapore. South
Africa [167.637d], Taiwan [171]. Tanzania [470]. Thailand [674,744]. Tuvalu [265]. United States: Hawaiian
Is [359.751]. United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Leptastrea solidocolumella Latypov 1987
Leptastrea transversa Klunzinger 1879 Australia [604.792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674], Cocos
(Keeling) Islands [766a]. Cook Islands [604]. French Polynesia [593], India [602,659], Indonesia [735a].
Israel [674], Japan, Kiribati [463], Kuwait [351a], Malaysia: Peninsular [604], Sabah [848], Maldives [605].
Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242.674], Myanmar [674], Oman [675], Papua New Guinea. Philippines
[768]. 2Pitcairn Islands [572]. Réunion [69.242], Saudi Arabia [15], Singapore, Sri Lanka [604]. Taiwan
[171]. Thailand [674,744], Tuvalu [835], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436], Yemen [654]
Leptoria Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Il B -
Brain Coral
(Red Sea [661], Persian Gulf, East and South A frica [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Lakshadweep, Gulf of Mannar
(southem India), Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar, Cocos (Keeling)
Islands and north-west Australia. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan, Ogasawara-gunto Islands
and Phoenix Islands; south to Great Barrier Reef [761]; east to Tubuai Islands)
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [31]; Bahrain [95]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644.674.8352]: Brunei; China
[668]; Christmas Island [29]; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Comoros; Cook Islands [603]; Djibouti: Egypt [661];
Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji [265]; French Polynesia [148,244]; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia
[735a]; Iran; Israel [458,661]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati [463]; Kuwait; Madagascar
[587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands (465.807]; Mauritius
[242.558]; Mozambique [68,845]; Myanmar [483]; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; New Zealand: Kermadec Islands
[753]; Niue; Northern Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Qatar; Reunion [69];
Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore [617]; Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; Sri Lanka
[558]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga [501]; Tuvalu; United
Arab Emirates [95,677]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
An important reef-building coral occurring in a wide range of habitats [691,847].
2 species [766b]
Leptoria irregularis Veron 1990 Australia, Japan [764], Philippines [764]
Leptoria phrygia (Ellis & Solander 1786) American Samoa [430,603], Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean
Territory [644,672], Christmas Island [29], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Cook Islands [603], Fiji [265],
French Polynesia [148,593], India [602,659], Indonesia [735a,741,842], Israel [674], Japan [869], Kenya
[329], Kiribati [463], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall
Islands [465], Mauritius [242,558,674], Mozambique [637d,674], Myanmar [483], New Caledonia [839], New
Zealand: Kermadec Is [753], Oman [675], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768,868a], Réunion [69,242],
Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore [617], Sri Lanka [359,558], Taiwan [171], Tanzania
[329,470], Thailand [674,744], Tonga [501], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Manicina Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 Il B -
(Caribbean [608,833])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Smith [682] and Wood [847]
Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Bahamas [690]; Barbados [448]; Belize [102]; Bermuda [381]; British Virgin
Islands [214]; Cayman Islands [250]; Colombia [235,615]; Costa Rica [158]; Cuba [416,889]; Dominica;
Dominican Republic; Grenada; Guadeloupe; Haiti; Honduras [250]; Jamaica [284,833]; Martinique [70]; Mexico
[241,375a]; Montserrat; Netherlands Antilles [653]; Nicaragua; Panama [608]; Puerto Rico [10a,746]; Saint Kitts
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FAVIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
and Nevis: Saint Lucia: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: Trinidad and Tobago: Turks and Caicos; United States:
Florida [381.786]: Venezuela [14]: Virgin Islands of the United States [640a.776.786]
Manicina occurs attached. on reefs. or free-living in muddy or sandy areas [847]
1 [151,766b]-2 species
Manicina areolata (Linnaeus 1758) Rose Coral
Montastraea Blainville 1830 I] B -
(Western Atlantic. Caribbean [608,833] to Brazil: Bermuda. Eastern Atlantic. Red Sea [661]. Persian Gulf. East
Africa and South Africa [68.329]. Indian Ocean, north to Arabian Sea, southern India and Mergui Archipelago
[761]; south to Madagascar and Houtman Abrolhos Islands (south-western Australia). South-east Asia. Pacific
Ocean. north to southern Japan [739] and Line Islands; south to Lord Howe Island: east to Tuamotu Archipelago
[30])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Smith [682], Veron [761] or
Wood [847]
American Samoa [430]: Anguilla: Antigua and Barbuda: Australia [31]; Bahamas [690]: Bahrain [95]: Barbados
[448]; Belize [102]; Bermuda [191,381]; Brazil [420]; British Indian Ocean Territory [674,832]: British Virgin
Islands [214]; Brunei; Cayman Islands [250]; China [668]; Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]:
Colombia [235.615]; Comoros; Cook Islands [485]; Costa Rica [158]; Cuba [416,889]; Djibouti [298]: Dominica:
Dominican Republic; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji [265]; French Polynesia
[148,244]: Grenada; Guadeloupe; Guam; Haiti [776]; Honduras [250,739]; India [598.602]; Indonesia [735a]: Iran;
Israel [661]; Jamaica [833]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati; Kuwait; Madagascar [587,591];
Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [674,843]: Marshall Islands [465]: Martinique [70]; Mauritius
[242.674]; Mexico [241,375a]; Montserrat; Mozambique [68]; Myanmar; Nauru; Netherlands Antilles [653]; New
Caiedonia [850]; New Zealand: Kermadec Islands [413]; Nicaragua; Niue; Northern Marianas: Palau [221]; Panama
[608]; Papua New Guinea [843]; Philippines [768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]; Puerto Rico [10a]; Qatar; Réunion [69]:
Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia [639]; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Samoa; Sao Tome and Principe [728];
Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore; Solomon Islands; Somalia; Sri Lanka [558]; Sudan [661];
Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga [557]; Trinidad and Tobago; Turks and Caicos;
Tuvalu; United Arab Emirates [95,677]; United States: Florida [611]; United States minor outlying islands: Wake
Island [359]; Vanuatu [762]; Venezuela [14]; Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]; Vietnam; Wallis and
Futuna; Yemen
In the western Atlantic Montastrea is a common and important reef-buiding coral [833.847]. In the Indo-Pacific
only M. curta is common; the other species are generally uncommon, although they occur in a range of reef habitats
[761,847].
Approximately 15 nominal species, 6 [151] to 13 [766b] valid species
Montastraea annularis (Ellis & Solander 1786) Mountainous Star Coral Bahamas [690,786], Barbados [448],
Belize [192], Bermuda [191,418,787], British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Cuba
(416,889], Haiti [776], Honduras [250,739], Jamaica [284,380a], Martinique [70], Mexico [74,241,375a],
Netheriands Antilles [653], Panama [169], Puerto Rico [10a,746], Saint Lucia [639], Sao Tome and Principe
[296], United States [611,786], Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Montastraea annuligera (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850) Great Star Coral American Samoa [843], Australia
[843], Cook Islands [485], Djibouti [298], Fiji [265], India [843], Indonesia [735a,843], Japan, Malaysia,
Maldives [843], Mozambique [674], New Caledonia [843], Papua New Guinea [843], Philippines [768],
Réunion [69], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674,845], Sri Lanka [558], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Montastraea cavernosa (Linnaeus 1767) Cavernous Star Coral Bahamas [690], Barbados [448], Belize [102],
Bermuda [191,418,787], Brazil [419,420,786], British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235],
Cuba [416,889], Haiti [776], Honduras [250,739], Jamaica [284,380a], Martinique [70], Mexico
[74,241,375a], Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169], Puerto Rico [10a], United States [611], Venezuela
[14], Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Montastraea curta (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [359,792b,843], British Indian Ocean Territory
[672,674], China, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Fiji [173,265], French Polynesia [148,593,843], Indonesia
[735a,742,843], Japan [739,869], Madagascar [674,843], Malaysia: Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465],
Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d], New Caledonia [843], New Zealand: Kermadec Is [359,413,753],
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FAVIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Palau [221]. Papua New Guinea. Philippines [768]. Pitcairn Islands [572]. Réunion [242.674], Saudi Arabia
[15]. Singapore. Solomon Islands [497]. Taiwan [171]. Thailand [674.744], Tonga [557]. Tuvalu [265].
United States minor outlying islands: Wake I. [359], Vanuatu. Vienam
Montastraea forskaelana (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850) Jordan [843]
Montastraea magnistellataChevalier 1972 Australia [843]. Indonesia [735a.843]. Japan, Malaysia. New Caledonia
[843]. Papua New Guinea. Philippines [768]. Saudi Arabia [674], Seychelles [674.845], Singapore, Thailand
[674.744]. Vanuatu. Vietnam
Montastraea multipunctata Hodgson 1985 Japan. Philippines [351.768], Vanuatu
Montastraea valenciennesii (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849) Australia, British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674],
Indonesia [735a]. Japan. Madagascar, Malaysia: Peninsular [36]. Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465], Papua
New Guinea, Philippines [768], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Moseleya Quelch 1884 II B -
(Philippines. south to Houtman Abrolhos Islands (south-western Australia) and Great Barrier Reef (eastern
Australia) [761])
Australia [619,758a]:; Malaysia: Philippines; Vietnam
Usually uncommon and restricted to turbid, shallow water [761]. Sometimes included in the family
Trachyphylliidae[151].
1 [766b] (-2) species
Moseleya latistellata Quelch 1884
Oulastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Ul B -
(South-east Asia [847], south to northern Australia [31]. Western Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan, south to
New Guinea and the Solomon Islands [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
Australia; Brunei; China [668]; Federated States of Micronesia; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a,741 ]:
Japan [765,869]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Myanmar [212]; Palau; Papua New Guinea; Philippines
[768]; Singapore [617]; Solomon Islands [796]; Thailand [186,744]; Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
This genus is generally restricted to shallow, often muddy water, in back reef areas [761,847]. Sometimes included
in the family Siderastreidae[151].
3 nominal species; | valid species [766b]
Oulastrea crispata (Lamarck 1816)
Oulophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Il B -
(Red Sea [661], Persian Gulf, East and South A frica [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Andaman and Nicobar Islands
and Mergui Archipelago; south to Madagascar and Ningaloo Reefs (north-west Australia). South-east Asia. Pacific
Ocean, north to southern Japan [739] and Marshall islands; south to Great Barrier Reef and Fiji; east to Phoenix
Islands and Samoa [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [31]; Bahrain [95]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]; Brunei;
Christmas Island; Comoros; Djibouti [297,298]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji; French
Polynesia [148,244]; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a]; Japan [765]; Kenya; Kiribati; Kuwait; Madagascar
[587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands [465,807]; Mauritius
[242,674]; Mozambique [68]; Myanmar; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Northern Marianas; Palau [221];
Papua New Guinea [631]; Philippines [768]; Qatar; Réunion [69]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845];
Singapore [786]; Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; South Africa [637d]; Sri Lanka; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171];
Tanzania [470]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tuvalu; United Arab Emirates [95,677]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam
[436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
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FAVIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Occurs in most reef habitats. but generally uncommon. O. crispa is the most widely distributed species [761, 847].
Approximately 11 nominal species. at least 3 valid species [151.761.766b]
Oulophvllia aspera (Quelch 1886) India [659.674]. Indonesia [621.735a.842]. Japan [739], Maldives [674].
Mauritius [?242.674]. Mozambique [674]
Oulophyllia bennettae (Veron, Pichon & Wijsman-Best 1977) Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia, Papua
New Guinea, Philippines [768], Thailand [674.744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Oulophvilia crispa (Lamarck 1816) American Samoa [430]. Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean Territory
[644.672]. Djibouti [297.298]. India [602]. Indonesia [621,735a.842]. Japan, Kiribati, Madagascar [674].
Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]. Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242.674].
Mozambique [637.674]. New Caledonia [839]. Palau [221]. Papua New Guinea [631]. Philippines [768],
Réunion [69.242]. Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674.845]. Singapore [786]. South Africa [637d]. Sudan,
Taiwan [171]. Tanzania [470]. Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu. Vietnam [436]
Parasimplastrea Sheppard 1985 I B =
(Arabian Sea)
Oman [675]
Sometimes placed in the family Oculinidae [675,766b]
1 species [766b]
Parasimplastreasimplicitexta (Umbgrove 1939)
Platygyra Ehrenberg 1834 Il B -
Brain Coral
(Red Sea [661], Persian Gulf, East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Arabian Gulf [95].
Lakshadweep. Gulf of Kutch (north-west India), southern India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Mergui
Archipelago; south to Madagascar and south-western Australia [31]. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to
southern Japan [833] and Line Islands; south to Lord Howe Island and Kermadec Islands [761]; east to Tuamotu
Archipelago [244])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia; Bahrain [95]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]; Brunei; China
[668,894,895]; Christmas Island [484]; Comoros; Cook Islands; Djibouti [298]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated
States of Micronesia [484]; Fiji [359]; French Polynesia [148,244]; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a]; Iran;
Israel [458.661]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati [463,872a]; Kuwait [351a]; Madagascar
[587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands [465,807]; Mauritius
[242,558]; Mozambique [68,845]; Myanmar [212]; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; New Zealand: Kermadec Islands;
Niue; Northern Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau: Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Qatar; Réunion [69a]; Samoa;
Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [606,674,845]; Singapore [776]; Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; South Africa
[637d]; Sri Lanka [558]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga [484];
Tuvalu [265]; United Arab Emirates [95,677]; United States minor outlying islands [359]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam
[436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen [484]
P. daedalea is the commonest species, the others are generally less common, although they occur in a wide range of
reef habitats [761,847].
Approximately 26 nominal species; 10 [151] to 12 [766b] valid species.
Platygyracontorta Veron 1990 Japan [764], Papua New Guinea [764], Philippines [764], Vanuatu [764]
Platygyra daedalea (Ellis & Solander 1786) American Samoa [430], Australia [484,792b], British Indian Ocean
Territory [672,674], China, Christmas Island [484], Djibouti [298], Federated States of Micronesia [484], Fiji
[265], French Polynesia [148,593], India [602], Indonesia [25,735a,74 1,842], Israel [674], Japan [739.869],
Kiribati [872a], Kuwait [351a], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives [484],
Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Mozambique [637d,674], Myanmar [212,483], New Caledonia
[482,839], Oman [675], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Réunion [69,242], Saudi Arabia [15],
Seychelles [674,845], Singapore [710,776], South Africa [637d], Sti Lanka [484], Taiwan [171,871a],
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FAVIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Tanzania [470]. Thailand [674.744]. Tonga [484]. Tuvalu [265], United States minor outlying islands: Wake
Island [1 73a]. Vanuatu. Vietnam [436] = P. rustica (Dana 1848) [803a]
Plan:gvra lamellina Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 American Samoa [430]. Australia [792b]. British Indian Ocean
Territory [644.672]. Djibouti [298]. French Polynesia [604]. India [659.674]. Indonesia [735a.741], Israel
[674]. Japan [869]. Kenya [329]. Kiribati [463], Madagascar [674]. Malaysia: Peninsular [36.604]. Sabah
[848]. Maldives [605]. Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242.558], Mozambique [637d.674], Myanmar
[212.674], New Caledonia [482.839], Oman [675], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768.868a], Réunion
[242.674]. Saudi Arabia [15]. Seychelles [606.845]. Singapore [617]. Solomon Islands [513]. Sri Lanka
[558.634]. Sudan [484]. Taiwan [171], Tanzania [329,470]. Tuvalu [484], United States minor outlying
islands: Wake I. [359], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]. Yemen [484] = P. daedalea (602.661)
Platygvra pini Chevalier 1975 Australia, China, French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [735a,842], Israel [674], Japan,
Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768].
Singapore, Taiwan [171], Thailand [674.744], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Platyevra rvukvuensis Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 Australia, Japan [869], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768].
Vanuatu = P. sinensis [674]
Platyvgyra sinensis (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849) Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674].
China, India [483.602]. Indonesia [735a,842], Japan, Kiribati [463.872a], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah
[848], Marshall Islands [465], Myanmar [483], New Caledonia [839], Oman [675]. Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [15], Singapore [560,710], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [560], Thailand [674,744].
Tuvalu [265], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Platygvra verweyi Wijsman-Best 1976 Australia, Indonesia [735a,842], Japan, Philippines [768], Thailand
[674,744]
Platygyrayaeyamaensis (Eguchi & Shirai 1977) Japan (23 1b]
Plesiastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 II B -
Small Knob Coral
(Red Sea [661], Persian Gulf, East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Arabian Gulf [95], Gulf of
Kutch and Andaman and Nicobar Islands; south to Madagascar and entire south coast of Australia[761]. South-east
Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan [833] and Line Islands; south to south-east tip of Australia and Lord
Howe Island [761]; east to Tuamotu Archipelago [244] and Pitcaim Islands)
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia[716]; Bahrain [95]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]: Brunei; China
[668,894,895]; Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Comoros; Cook Islands; Djibouti [754]; Egypt
[661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji [265]; French Polynesia [148,244]; Guam; India [598,602];
Indonesia [735a]; Iran; Israel [458,661]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati [463]; Kuwait [35 1a];
Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [186], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands [465.807];
Mauritius [242,674]; Mozambique [68,845]; Myanmar [483]; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; New Zealand:
Kermadec Is [413]; Niue; Northern Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768];
Pitcairn Islands [572]; Qatar; Réunion [69]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore; Solomon
Islands [796]; Somalia; South Africa [637d]; Sri Lanka; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand
[186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga; Tuvalu [835]; United Arab Emirates [95,677]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam; Wallis and
Futuna; Yemen
Widely distributed, occurring in a wide range of non-reefal habitats where it may form large colonies. It is less
conspicuous on tropical reefs, but occurs in most habitats [848].
9 nominal species; 2+ valid species [151,766b]
Plesiastrealilli Wells 1954 Marshall Islands [807]
Plesiastrea versipora (Lamarck 1816) American Samoa [430,603], Australia [255,716,792b,843], British Indian
Ocean Territory [644,672], China, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Djibouti [754], Fiji [265], French Polynesia
[148,593], India [602,659], Indonesia [735a,742,843], Israel [674], Japan [739], Kiribati [463], Kuwait [35 1a],
Madagascar [674,843], Malaysia: Sabah [848], Maldives [605], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius
[242,674,843], Mozambique [637d,845], Myanmar [483], New Caledonia [482,843], New Zealand: Kermadec
Is [413], Oman [675], Palau [221], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768,868a], Pitcairn Islands [572],
Réunion [69,242,843], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [674], Solomon Islands [513], South Africa [637d],
Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744], Tuvalu [835], Vanuatu, Vietnam
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FAVIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Solenastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 I] B -
(Caribbean [608.833])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Smith [682] and Wood [847]
Anguilla: Antigua and Barbuda: Barbados: Brazil [420]: British Virgin Islands [214]: Cayman Islands; Colombia
[235.615]: Costa Rica [158]: Cuba [889]: Dominica: Dominican Republic: Grenada; Guadeloupe: Haiti: Honduras:
Jamaica [284.833]: Martinique [70]: Mexico [241]: Montserrat; Nicaragua: Panama [608]: Puerto Rico: Saint Kitts
and Nevis: Saint Lucia: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Trinidad and Tobago: Turks and Caicos; USA: Florida
[381]; Venezuela[14]; Virgin Islands of the United States
This coral forms small colonies and tends to occur on deeper reefs [847]
1-2 [766b] to 3 [151] species
Solenastrea bournoni Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 Martinique [70], Mexico [375a]. Netherlands Antilles [653].
Puerto Rico [10a], Venezuela[14]
Solenastrea hyades (Dana 1848) Lobed Star Coral Mexico [375a]
Family TRACHY PHYLLIIDAE Verrill 1901
Trachyphyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 I] B -
(Red Sea [661], East Africa [68]. Indian Ocean, north to Maldives and Andaman and Nicobar Islands: south to
Madagascar and Dampier (nortii-west Australia). South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan, south to
Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
Australia [255]; British Indian Ocean Territory [674,832]; Christmas Island; Comoros; Djibouti; Egypt [661];
Ethiopia; India [598,602,659]; Indonesia [25.33,735a]; Israel [661]; Japan [765,869]; Jordan [661]; Kenya;
Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [268,674]; Mauritius, Mozambique
[68,332]; Myanmar [483], New Caledonia [850]; Papua New Guinea [266]; Philippines [621,768]; Réunion; Saudi
Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore [617,776]; Solomon Islands; Sudan [661]; Tanzania [470,560];
Thailand [186,744]; Vietnam [436]; Yemen
A free-living coral, rare on reefs, but may be common in shallow, sandy areas between coral outcrops [847].
Probably 6 nominal species; possibly only 1 species [151,766b]
Trachyphyllia geoffroyi (Audouin 1826)
Family MEANDRINIIDAE Gray 1847
Ctenella Matthai 1928 II B -
(Western Indian Ocean)
British Indian Ocean Territory [1 16,644,672]; Madagascar; Seychelles: Saya de Malha [484]
1 [766b]-2 species [151]
Ctenella chagius Matthai 1928 British Indian Ocean Territory [644,672]
Ctenellalaxa Matthai 1928 Seychelles: Saya de Malha [484]
Dendrogyra Ehrenberg 1834 II B -
(Caribbean [23 1])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution shown in Smith [682] and Wood [847]
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MEANDRINIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Anguilla: Antigua and Barbuda: Bahamas [381]; Barbados [448]: Belize [102]; British Virgin Islands [214]:
Cayman Islands [250]: Costa Rica [158]: Cuba [416.889]: Dominica: Dominican Republic: Grenada: Guadeloupe:
Haiti: Honduras [250]: Jamaica [284.833]: Martinique [70]: Mexico [375a]: Montserrat: Netherlands Antilles [653]:
Nicaragua: Panama [365]: Puerto Rico [10a]; Saint Kitts and Nevis: Saint Lucia: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines:
Trinidad and Tobago: Turks and Caicos; United States: Florida [381.611]: Venezuela [14]; Virgin Islands of the
United States [640a]
A relatively uncommon coral, but forms large colonies [847].
1 species [151,766b]
Dendrogyracylindrus (Ehrenberg 1834) Pillar Coral
Dichocoenia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 II B -
(Caribbean [608,833], Bermuda [682.847])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Smith [682] and Wood [847]
Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda: Bahamas [690]: Barbados [448]: Belize [102]; Bermuda [191.381]; British Virgin
Islands [214]; Cayman Islands [250]; Colombia [235,615]; Costa Rica [158]; Cuba [416,889]; Dominica;
Dominican Republic; Grenada; Guadeloupe [484]; Haiti; Honduras [250]; Jamaica [833]: Martinique [70]; Mexico
[241,375a]; Montserrat; Netherlands Antilles [653]; Nicaragua; Panama [608]; Puerto Rico [10a]; Saint Kitts and
Nevis; Saint Lucia [639]; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Trinidad and Tobago; Turks and Caicos; United States:
Florida [381]; Venezuela [14]; Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Fairly common, especially on deeper reefs [847].
2-3 species [151,766b]
Dichocoenia stellaris Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Elliptical Star Coral Colombia [235], Netherlands Antilles
[653], United States = D. stokesii [102,375a]
Dichocoenia stokesii Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Bahamas [690], Barbados [448], Belize [102], Bermuda
[191,418], British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Cuba [416,501,889], Guadeloupe
[484], Honduras [250], Jamaica [284], Martinique [70], Mexico [241,375a], Netherlands Antilles [653],
Panama [169], Puerto Rico [10a], Saint Lucia [639], United States [611], Venezuela[14], Virgin Islands of the
United States [640a]
Meandrina Lamarck 1801 I] B -
(Western Atlantic, Caribbean [608,833] to Brazil; Bermuda [682,847])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Smith [682] and Wood [847]
Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Bahamas [381]; Barbados [448]; Belize [102]; Bermuda [381]: Brazil [420]: British
Virgin Islands [214]; Cayman Islands [250]; Colombia [235,615]; Costa Rica [158]; Cuba [416,889]; Dominica;
Dominican Republic; Grenada; Guadeloupe; Haiti; Honduras [250]; Jamaica [833]; Martinique [70]; Mexico
[241,375a]; Montserrat; Netherlands Antilles [653]; Nicaragua; Panama [608]; Puerto Rico [10a,746]; Saint Kitts
and Nevis; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Trinidad and Tobago; Turks and Caicos; United States:
Florida [381]; Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]; Venezuela
This and some specimens of the Caribbean species are unattached and live on soft substrata around reefs. Attached
colonies are larger and occur in a variety of habitats [847].
At least 2 species [151,766b]
Meanadrina alveolus (Duncan 1863)
Meandrina maeandrites (Linnaeus 1758) Bahamas [824], Barbados [448], Belize [102], Bermuda [418], Brazil
[419,420,501,787], Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Cuba [416,889], Honduras [250], Jamaica [284],
Martinique [70], Mexico [241,375a], Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169], Puerto Rico [10a,746], United
States, Virgin Islands of the United States [621,640a]
Meandrina spinulosa (Dana 1848)
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ANTHEMIPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Family ANTHEMIPHYLLIIDAE Vaughan 1907
Anthemiphyllia Pourtales 1878 II B =
(West Indies, Japan [231]. Pacific Ocean [761]. 122-534 m [126a])
Australia [123]: Cuba [151.613]; India [599]: Indonesia [123]: Japan [123]: Malaysia: Sabah [126a]; Maldives
[123]; Philippines [123]: Seychelles: Saya de Malha Bank [125]; United States: Hawaiian Islands [107.848]
Solitary: free living. Deep water. approximately 50-700 m [848].
4 species recognized by Caims [123]
Anthemiphyllia dentata (Alcock 1902) Australia [125], India [599]. Indonesia [33.684], Japan [125]. Malaysia:
Sabah [126a]. Maldives [125], Myanmar [5], New Zealand: Kermadec Is. [126a], Philippines [126a],
Seychelles: Saya de Malha Bank [125]. United States: Hawaiian Islands [107]
Anthemiphylliafrustum Caims 1994 Indonesia[126a], Japan [126a]
Anthemiphylliapacifica Vaughan 1907 United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751]
Anthemiphylliapatera Pourtalés 1878 Cuba [613]
Bathytrochus Gravier 1915 II B -
(North Atlantic)
Portugal
1 species [151]
Bathytrochus hexagonus Gravier 1915
Family CARYOPHYLLIIDAE Gray 1847
The family is sometimes separated into the families Caryophylliidae, Desmophyllidae, Parasmilidae, Turbinoliidae
and Eusmilidae [151]. but these are maintained as subfamilies by other (recent) authorities [e.g. 25,761,881]. The
majority of genera in this family are non-reefal, ahermatypic, solitary corals, often from deep water. They may be
attached or free-living. In most cases their distribution and the status of populations is poorly known (relying on
dredge samples).
Alatotrochus Caims 1994 II B -
(West Pacific. 136-460 m [126a])
Indonesia [520]; Japan [123]; Philippines [126a]
1 species
Alatotrochus rubescens (Moseley 1876)
Anomocora Studer 1878 II B -
(Wester Atlantic; Red Sea; 55-540 m [118])
Barbados [448]; Costa Rica [118]; Cuba [613]; Dominica [614]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118]; Grenada [614];
Guadeloupe [614]; Indonesia: Sumatra [473]; Japan [123]; Martinique [614]; Mexico [375a]; Montserrat [614];
Saint Vincent [614]; United States [611]: incl. Hawaiian Islands [118]
2 species recognized by Cairns [118]
Anomocoracarinaia Cairns 1991 Costa Rica: Cocos I. [118]
Anomocora fecunda (Pourtalés 1871) Barbados [614], Cuba [613], Dominica [614], Grenada [614], Guadeloupe
[614], Martinique [614], Mexico [375a], Montserrat [614], Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [614], United
States [611]
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CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Asterosmilia Duncan 1868 Il B -
(Atlantic [185]. Indian Ocean. Approximately 32-311 m [126a])
Barbados [614]: Cape Verde [141]: Gabon [123]: Grenada [614]: Japan: Maldives [123]: Mexico [375a]:; Morocco
[125]: Mozambique [123]: Portugal: Madeira [208]: South Africa; Tanzania [123]: United States: Florida [151.611].
Gulf of Mexico [125a]
2-3 species [151]
Asterosmilia marchadi (Chevalier 1966) Cape Verde [141], Gabon [125], Indonesia [126a], Maldives [125].
Morocco [125], Mozambique [125], Philippines [126a], Senegal [126a], South Africa [125], Tanzania [125].
United States [125,125a]
Asterosmilia prolifera (Pourtalés 1871) Barbados [614], Grenada [614], Mexico [375a]. Portugal: Madeira [208].
United States [611]
Aulocyathus Marenzeller 1904 II B -
(Worldwide. including Antarctica[103,761,881]. Approximately 84-1,300 m depth)
Australia [123]; Japan [123,853]; Madagascar [123]; Malaysia: Sabah [126a]; Tanzania [123]
4 species [151]; 1 species has been recorded from the north-east Atlantic [881]; 1 species from Australia
Aulocyathus atlanticus Zibrowius 1980
Aulocyathus juvenescens Marenzeller 1904 Tanzania[125]
Aulocyathus matricidus (Kent 1871) Japan [123,399,853]
Aulocyathus recidivus (Dennant 1906) Australia [125], Indonesia [126a], Japan [126a], Madagascar [125],
Malaysia: Sabah [126a], New Zealand [126a]
Australocyathus Caims & Parker 1992 II B -
Australia [126]
1 species
Australocyathus vincentinus (Dennant 1906)
Bourneotrochus Wells 1984 II B -
(Pacific. 263-340 m [126a])
Australia [126a,828]; Cook Islands [126a]; Indonesia [126a]; New Zealand [126a]; Tuvalu [126a]; United States:
Hawaiian Islands [107]
1 species
Bourneotrochus stellulatus (Cairns 1984)
Caryophyllia Lamarck 1801 II B -
(Cosmopolitan, including Antarctica [28]. 0-3,200 m)
Aleutian Islands [123]; Algeria [190]; Antarctica: Palmer Archipelago [274]; Argentina[520]; Australia [141,183];
Barbados [448,612]; Belgium [123a]; Bermuda [520]; British Indian Ocean Territory [672]; Canada [123]; Cape
Verde [141]; Cayman Islands [250]; Cook Islands [485]; Costa Rica: Cocos Island [119]; Croatia [880c]; Cuba
[889]; Dominica [614]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,827]; Falkland Islands [693]; Fiji [126a]; France [32b];
French Polynesia [123,554]; French Southern and Antarctic Territories: Amsterdam, St Paul [123]; Ghana [141];
Greece [190,744a]; Grenada [614]; Guadeloupe [614]; India: Lakshadweep [123]; Indonesia [123,520]; Ireland
[141]; Italy [190]; Japan [123,853]; Kenya [123]; Republic of Korea [123]; Liberia [141]; Madagascar [123];
Maldives [123]; Malta [709]; Marshall Islands [807]; Martinique [614]; Mauritius [373]; Mexico [375a]; Montserrat
[614]; Morocco [123]; Mozambique [123]; New Zealand [141]; Norway [880c]; Panama [123]; Papua New Guinea
[520]; Philippines [123]; Portugal: Azores [141], Madeira [208]; Puerto Rico [746]; Russian Federation [123]; Saint
CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Helena: Ascension I [520]: Saint Vincent [614]: Senegal [141]: Seychelles: Saya de Malha Bank [125]: Solomon
Islands [513]: South Africa [141]: Spain: Canary Islands [880c]: Taiwan [123]: Tanzania [123]: Tonga [126a]:
Turkey [880c]: Tuvalu [835]; United Kingdom [202]: United States: Alaska. California [123]. Gulf of Mexico
[613]. Hawaiian Islands [107.123]: Virgin Islands of the United States [520]
53 species were recognized by Cairns [118]: there are 2 additional species in the subgenus Acanthocvathus and 3
species were added when Premocyathus was subsumed [123]: 2 new species were described by Zibrowius and Gili
[886]
Caryophylliaabyssorum Duncan 1873
Caryophylliaalaskensis Vaughan 1941 Canada [123]. Republic of Korea [123]. United States [123]
Caryophylliaalberti Zibrowius 1980
Caryophvllia ambrosia Alcock 1898 Bermuda [520], Canada [520]. India [6,684], Indonesia [126a]. Japan [126a].
Madagascar [125], Maldives [125], Mexico [375a]. New Zealand [126a], Philippines [126a]. Portugal: Azores
[520], Seychelles: Saya de Malha Bank [125], South Africa [520], Tanzania [125], United States [520]
Caryophylliaantarctica Marenzeller 1904
Caryophyllia antillarum Pourtalés 1874 Barbados [612], Cuba [614], Grenada [614], Guadeloupe [614].
Montserrat [614]. United States [613]
Carvophylliaarnoldi Vaughan 1900 Canada [123]. United States [123]
Caryophyllia atlantica (Duncan 1873) Indonesia [684], Saint Helena: Ascension | [520], United States: Hawaiian
Islands [107,751]
Carvophyllia balaenacea Zibrowius & Gili 1990
Caryophylliabarbadensis Cairs 1979 United States: Gulf of Mexico [125a]
Caryophyllia berteriana Duchassaing 1850 Barbados [612], Cuba [609], Dominica [614], Grenada [614],
Guadeloupe [614], Martinique [614], Mexico [375a], Montserrat [614], Puerto Rico [746]. Saint Vincent and
the Grenadines [614], United States [611,613]
Caryophyllia calveri Duncan 1873 Croatia [880c], France [880c], Greece [744a], Morocco [880c]. Portugal:
Azores [880c]
Carvophylliacapensis Gardiner 1904 Falkland Islands [693]
Caryophylliacornuformis Pourtalés 1868 Barbados [614], Cuba [611], Mexico [375a], United States [610,613]
Caryophylliacornulum Caims & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a], Japan [126a]
Caryophylliacorrugata Caims 1979
Caryophylliacrosnieri Cairns & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a], Madagascar [125], New Caledonia[126a], New
Zealand: Kermadec Ridge [126a]
Caryophyllia cyathus (Ellis & Solander 1786) Algeria [190], Antarctica: Palmer Archipelago [274], France [423],
Greece [190], Italy [190], Portugal: Madeira [208]
Caryophylliadentata (Moseley 1881) Fiji [126a,520], Indonesia [126a]
Caryophyllia diomedeae Marenzeller 1904 Australia [126a], Costa Rica: Cocos I. [118], Ecuador: Galapagos
Islands [118,827], Indonesia [126a], Panama [118,219], Philippines [126a]
Caryophylliaeltaninae Caims 1982
Caryophylliaephyala Alcock 1891 Japan [853]
Caryophylliaepithecata Duncan 1873 Papua New Guinea [520], Tuvalu [835]
Caryophylliaforesti Zibrowius 1980
Caryophyllia grandis Gardiner & Waugh 1938 Indonesia [126a], Malaysia: Sabah [126a], Maldives [125],
Mozambique [125], South Africa [125]
Caryophyllia grayi (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) India [5,373,602], Indonesia [126a], Japan [126a], Myanmar
[123], Philippines [126a], South Africa [126a]
Caryophyllia hawaiiensis Vaughan 1907 Indonesia [126a], New Zealand: Kermadec Ridge [126a], Philippines
[126a], United States: Hawatian Islands [107,751]
Caryophylliahorologium Caims 1977
Caryophyllia inornata (Duncan 1878) France [32b], Greece [744a], Italy [190], Portugal: Azores [880c], Spain:
Canary Is [880c]
Caryophylliajaponica Marenzeller 1888 Japan [123], Republic of Korea [123], Russian Federation [123]
Caryophylliajogashimaensis Eguchi 1968 Japan [123]
Caryophylliakarubarica Caims & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a]
Caryophyllia lamellifera Moseley 1881 Australia [126a], Indonesia [126a], New Zealand: Kermadec Ridge
{126a,520], Philippines [126a]
CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Carvophyllia mabahithi Gardiner & Waugh 1938 ?Antarctica: Palmer Archipelago [274, but see 693]. Maldives
[275]
Carvophylliamarmorea Cairns 1984 United States: Hawaiian Islands [107]
Carvophyllia octonaria Caims & Zibrowius 1997 Philippines [126a]
Carvophylliaoctopali Vaughan 1907 United States: Hawaiian Islands [107.751]
Caryophylliaparadoxus Alcock 1898 India [684]
Caryophylliaparvula Caims 1979 Mexico [375a]
Carvophylliapaucipalata Moseley 1881 Virgin Islands of the United States [520]
Carvophyllia pauciseptata Y abe & Eguchi 1932
Carvophylliaperculta Cairns 1991 Costa Rica: Cocos I. [118], Ecuador [118], Panama [118]
Caryophylliaplanilamellata Dennant 1906 Australia[183]
Caryophylliapolygona Pourtalés 1878 Mexico [375a], United States [613]
Caryophyllia profunda Moseley 1881 French Southern Territories: Amsterdam, St Paul [125], Madagascar [125].
New Zealand [693,699], Saint Helena: Ascension! [520]
Caryophylliaquadragenaria Alcock 1902 Indonesia [684], Japan [126a], New Zealand [126a]
Caryophylliaralphae Cairms 1995
Caryophyllia rugosa Moseley 1881 Indonesia [125.520], Japan [125], Kenya [125], Maldives [125], Marshall
Islands [125], Mozambique [125], New Zealand: Kermadec Is [126a], Philippines [125,520], South Africa
[125], Taiwan [123], United States: Hawaiian Islands [107]
Caryophylliascillaemorpha Alcock 1894 India [6] = C. ambrosia [123]
Caryophyllia scobinosa Alcock 1902 Australia [126a], Indonesia [684], Madagascar [125], Philippines [126a].
Samoa [126a], Tanzania [125], Tonga [126a]
Caryophylliasecta Cairns & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a], Philippines [126a]
Caryophylliaseguenzae Duncan 1873
Caryophylliasewelli Gardiner & Waugh 1938
Caryophyllia smithii Stokes & Broderip 1828 Devonshire Cup Coral Argentina [520], Australia [141], Barbados
[448], Cape Verde [141], Cuba [611,889], France [32b,423], Ghana [141], Greece [744a], India [373,602],
Indonesia [520], Ireland [141,703], Isle of Man [87a], Italy [190], Liberia [141], Maldives [599], Malta [709].
Mauritius [373], New Zealand [141], Norway [880c], Portugal: Azores [141], Madeira [208], Senegal [141],
Turkey [880c], United Kingdom [202,364a], United States [61 1]
Caryophylliasolida Caims 1991 Ecuador [118]
Caryophyllia spinicarens (Moseley 1881) China [126a], Indonesia [126a], Philippines [126a,520]
Caryophylliaspinigera (Kent 1871) Indonesia[126a], Japan [126a,399], Philippines [126a]
Caryophylliasquiresi Cairns 1982
Caryophylliatransversalis Moseley 1881 Indonesia[126a]
Caryophylliaunicristata Caims & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a]
Caryophylliavaldiviae Zibrowius & Gili 1990
CaryophylliazanzibarensisZou 1984 Tanzania[125]
Caryophylliazopyros Caims 1979
Catalaphyllia Wells 1972 Il B -
(Seychelles, east to Dampier (north-west Australia). South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to Japan [231], east to
Solomon Islands and Vanuatu; south to Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia [761])
Australia; Christmas Island; Federated States of Micronesia; Indonesia [735a]; Japan [229,765]; Malaysia: Sabah
[848]; Maldives [674]; Myanmar; New Caledonia [850]; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Samoa; Seychelles
[674,845]; Solomon Islands [796]; Thailand [186,744]
Uncommon and occurs only in turbid water habitats.
1 [766b] to 2 [151] to 4 species
Catalaphyllia jardinei (Kent 1893) Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia, Maldives [674], Papua New
Guinea, Philippines [768], Seychelles [674,845]
Catalaphyllia okinawensis Eguchi & Shirai 1977
Catalaphylliaplicata (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) Australia[792b], New Caledonia[819], Philippines [819]
Catalaphylliasabiuraensis (Eguchi 1973) Japan [229]
Ceratotrochus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Il B -
(Mediterranean[135,881]; Indo-Pacific. Approximately 7-400 m depth)
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CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
France [874]: Indonesia [735a]: Japan [853]: Mexico [219.375a]; South Africa [68]; United States: Gulf of
California. Hawaiian Islands [107]
3 [116] to 6 [151] species
Ceratotrochus franciscana Durham & Bamard 1952 Mexico [219.375a]
Ceratotrochuslaxus Vaughan 1907 United States: Hawaiian Islands [107.751]
Ceratotrochus magnaghii Cecchini 1914 France [874]
Coenocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 I B -
(Mediterranean, North Atlantic [881]: California. Japan. Approximately 100-300 m depth)
Algeria [190]; Bermuda [123]: Cape Verde [141]; France [425]; Italy [190]: Japan [151]; Mexico [123,375a].
Senegal [141]; United States: California[123]
6 [151]-8 species; 2 are reported from the north-east Atlantic [881]
Coenocyathus anthophyllites Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Algeria [190], Cape Verde [141], France [423], Italy
[190], Senegal [141]
Coenocyathus bowersi Vaughan 1906 Mexico [123,375a,750], United States [123]
Coenocyathus brooki Caims 1995
Coenocyathus cylindricus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 France [423], Italy [190], Senegal [141]
Coenocyathus goreaui Wells 1972 Bermuda [123,821]
Coenosmilia Pourtalés 1874 II B -
(Pacific Ocean. 109-622 m depth)
Barbados [448,612]:Japan[123]; Mexico [375a]; Philippines [126a]; United States: Hawaiian Islands [107]
1 [151] to 2 species
Coenosmiliaarbuscula Pourtales 1874 Barbados [448,612], Japan [126a], Mexico [375a], Philippines [126a]
Coenosmilia inordinata Caims 1984 United States: Hawaiian Islands [107]
Concentrotheca Cairns 1979 II B -
(Atlantic; east Pacific. 183-800 m [101])
Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118]; Mexico [375a]; Portugal: Azores; United States: Florida [61 1]
2 species recognized by Cairns [118]
Concentrothecalaevigata (Pourtalés 1871) Mexico [37S5a], United States [611]
Concentrothecavaughani Caims 1991 Ecuador [118]
Confluphyllia Caims & Zibrowius 1997 II B -
(Western Pacific. 266-385 m [126a])
Indonesia [126a]; Philippines [126a]
] species
Confluphyllia juncta Caims & Zibrowius 1997
Conocyathus d'Orbigny 1849 Il B -
(Persian Gulf; Indo-Pacific [761]. 125 m [126a])
Australia [761]; Indonesia [126a]; New Zealand [151]
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CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
2-3 species [151]
Conocvathus zelandiae Duncan 1876 Australia[126a.255]. Indonesia [126a],?New Zealand [126a.205,?699]
Conotrochus Seguenza 1864 Il B -
(Indo-Pacific to Hawaiian Islands [464]. 97-1,089 m [126a])
Australia [123]; Indonesia [123.520]: Japan [123,853]: Madagascar [125]: Malaysia: Sabah [126a]: Maldives [123]:
New Zealand [126a]; Philippines [126a]: United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,123]
2 to 7 [151] species
Conotrochus brunneus (Moseley 1881) Australia [126a], Indonesia [520,684], Madagascar [125]. Maldives [125].
New Zealand [126a], Philippines [126a]
Conotrochus funicolumna (Alcock 1902) Australia [126a], Indonesia [126a], Japan [126a], Malaysia: Sabah
[126a], Philippines [126a]. United States: Hawaiian islands [107]
Crispatotrochus Tenison-Woods 1878 I B -
(Indo-Pacific [761]. Western Atlantic [101]. 104-1,097 m depth)
Australia [766]; Barbados [448]; Christmas Island [123]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118]; French Polynesia
[148]: Indonesia [735a]; Japan [123,853]; Republic of Korea [123]; Malaysia: Sabah [126a]; ?Mexico [375a]: New
Zealand: Kermadec Islands [126a]; Philippines [123]; United States: Aleutian Islands [123], Hawaiian Islands
{107,123]
10 species recognized by Cairns [118] and 11 by Chevalier (1987) [151]
Crispatotrochuscornu (Moseley 1881) ?Mexico[375a]
Crispatotrochuscurvatus Caims 1995
Crispatotrochus foxi (Durham & Barnard 1952) United States [123,219]
Crispatotrochus galapagensis Caims 1991 Ecuador [118]
Crispatotrochus inornatus Tenison-Woods 1878 Australia[716]
Crispatotrochus irregularis (Cais 1982)
Crispatotrochusniinoi (Yabe & Eguchi 1942) Japan [123], Republic of Korea [123]
Crispatotrochus rubescens (Moseley 1881) Christmas Island [123], Indonesia [520,684], Japan [126a], Philippines
[126a], United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751]
Crispatotrochus rugosus Caims 1995 Australia [126a], Indonesia [126a], Malaysia: Sabah [126a], New Zealand:
Kermadec Is [126a], ?Philippines [126a]
Crispatotrochussquiresi (Caims 1979)
Crispatotrochus woodsi (Wells 1964)
Cryptotrochus Caims 1988 II B -
(Western Atlantic, western Pacific. 585 m [126a])
Indonesia [115]; United States [115]
2 species recognized by Cairns [115]
Cryptotrochus carolinensis Cairns 1988 United States [115]
Cryptotrochusjavanus Caims 1988 Indonesia[115]
Cyathotrochus Bourne 1905 Il B -
(Indian Ocean, West Pacific. 143-522 m [126a])
Australia [118]; China [116]; Indonesia [126a]; Japan [116]; Philippines [116]; Sri Lanka [72]; ?Tanzania [116]
3 species [126a]
Cyathotrochus herdmani Bourne 1905 Sri Lanka [72]
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CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Cyathotrochus nascornatus (Gardiner & Waugh 1938)
Cyathotrochuspileus (Alcock 1902) Australia[118]. China [1 16]. Indonesia [126a], Japan [116]. Philippines [116].
?Tanzania [116]
Dactytotrochus Wells 1954 Il B -
(Red Sea. Indo-Pacific [661]. 84-205 m [126a])
Indonesia [126a]: Marsha\i Islands [151.807]; New Caledonia [126a.266]: Philippines [151]
1 species [151]
Dactylotrochuscervicornis (Moseley 1881)
Dasmosmilia Pourtales 1880 II B -
(Atlantic Ocean; West Africa; Red Sea: possibly Pacific Ocean. Approximately 70-500 m depth)
Brazil [123.612]; Cape Verde [141]; Grenada [614]; Japan [123,853]; Madagascar [123]; Portugal: Azores
[123,125]; United States [123.611]: Venezuela [123]
3 species [151]; 2 are reported from the Red Sea and 2 from the north-east Atlantic [881]. Parasmilia is probably
synonymous [881]
Dasmosmilialymani (Pourtalés 1871) Grenada[151], United States [611]
Dasmosmiliapacifica (Yabe & Eguchi 1932) Japan [123,853]
Dasmosmiliavalida Marenzeller 1907
Dasmosmilia variegata (Pourtalés 1871) Brazil [125], Cape Verde [125], Grenada [614], Madagascar [125],
Portugal: Azores [125], United States [125,611], Venezuela[125]
Deltocyathoides Yabe & Eguchi 1932 II B -
(Caribbean; Pacific. 44-635 m [126a])
Cuba [613]; Grenada [614]; Indonesia [684]; Japan [126a,853]; Mexico [375a]; New Zealand [693,699];
Philippines [126a]; United States [611]: including Hawaiian Islands [107]
1 [151] to 2 species
Deltocyathoides orientalis (Duncan 1876) Indonesia [684], Japan [126a,205,853], New Zealand [693,699],
Philippines [126a], United States: Hawaiian Islands [107]
Deltocyathoidesstimpsonii (Pourtales 1871) Cuba [613], Grenada [614], Mexico [37Sa], United States [611]
Deltocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 II B -
(Cosmopolitan, including Antarctica [101]. Approximately 80-2,300 m depth)
Australia [123]; Bahamas [614]; Barbados [612,614]; Bermuda [520]; Brazil [520]; British Virgin Islands [614];
Cuba [609]; Dominica [614]; Grenada [614]; Guadeloupe [614]; India [602]; Indonesia [123,126a]; Japan
[123,853]; Malaysia: Sabah [126a]; Maldives [605]; Marshall Islands [807]; Martinique [614]; Mexico [375a,612];
Montserrat [614]; Mozambique [123]; Netherlands Antilles; New Caledonia [266]; New Zealand: Kermadec Islands
[126a]; Philippines [123]; Portugal: Azores [520]; Puerto Rico [746]; Saint Kitts and Nevis [614]; Saint Lucia-
[614]; Saint Vincent [614]; South Africa [123]; Sri Lanka [123]; Tanzania [123]; United States [611]: incl.
Hawaiian Islands [126a]; Virgin Islands of the United States [520]
About 15 species [151]; 6 species recorded from Curag¢ao [101]; 3 from north-east Atlantic [881]; 3 from Australia
[761]
Deltocyathus agassizii Pourtalés 1867 Barbados [612], Cuba [609,613], Mexico [612], United States [611,613]
Deltocyathus andamanicus Alcock 1898 India [373,602], Indonesia [126a], Maldives [125], Philippines [126a],
Tanzania [125], United States: Hawaiian Is [126a,751]
Deltocyathuscalcar Pourtalés 1874 Barbados [612], Mexico [375a]
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CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Deltocyathus conicus Zibrowius 1980
Deltocvathus eccentricus Caims 1979 Mexico [375a]
Deltocvathus italicus (Michelotti 1838) Australia [716]. Bahamas [614]. Barbados [614], Bermuda [520]. Bra-"
[520]. British Virgin Islands [614]. Cuba [614]. Dominica [614]. Grenada [614]. Guadeloupe [614]. !- --->!4
[520]. Martinique [614]. Mexico [375a]. Montserrat [614]. Puerto Rico [746]. Portugal [5201 S72 SItS and
Nevis [614], Saint Lucia [614]. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [614], Virgin Islands .-- «re United States
[520]
Deltocyathus magnificus Moseley 1876 Australia [126a], Indonesia [126a $26}, Japan [126a], Malaysia: Sabah
[126a]. Philippines [126a]
Deltocyathus moselevi Caims 1979
Deltocyathus murrayi Gardiner & Waugh 1938
Deltocyathus nascornatus (Gardiner & Waugh 193*)
Deltocyathus ornatus Gardiner 1899 New Ca! «2112 [266]
Deltocyathus philippinensis Cais & Zi »-w'us 1997 Philippines[126a]
Deltocyathus pourtalesi Cairns 197°
Deltocyathus rotulus (Alcock *#&°0) Indonesia [684]. Japan [126a], Malaysia: Sabah [126a], Maldives [125],
Mozambique [1253 Philippines [126a], South Africa [125], Sri Lanka [125,373], Tanzania [125]
Deltocyathus sar‘ (Gardiner & Waugh 1938) Maldives [275]
Deltocyatzus stella Cais & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a]. Philippines [126a]
Deltocyathus suluensis Alcock 1902 Indonesia[126a], New Zealand: Kermadec Is [126a], Philippines [684]
Deltocyathus varians Gardiner & Waugh 1938
Deltocyathus vaughani Yabe & Eguchi 1932 Indonesia[126a], Japan [126a,853], Philippines [126a]
Desmophyllum Ehrenberg 1834 Il B -
(Cosmopolitan, widely distributed in Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans, except off continental Antarctica [118].
Approximately 35-2,600 m depth)
Australia [520]; Barbados [614]; British Indian Ocean Territory [672]; Canada [123]; Chile [520]; Cocos (Keeling)
Islands [123]; Costa Rica; Cuba [613]; Dominica [614]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,827]; France [32b];
French Southern and Antarctic Territories: Amsterdam [190], St Paul [190]; Greece [744a]; Iceland [880c];
Indonesia [735a]; Ireland [703]; Italy [190]; Japan [123,853]; Madagascar [123]; Maldives [123]; Marshall Islands
[807]; Martinique [614]; Mexico [123]; Montserrat [614]; New Zealand [693,699]; Norway [880c]; Panama [216];
South Africa [123]; Tanzania [123]; United States: Hawaiian Islands [107]; Virgin Islands of the United States [783]
About 20 nominal species [151], 2 valid species listed
Desmophyllum dianthus (Esper 1794) Australia [520], Barbados [614], Canada [123], Chile [520], Costa Rica:
Cocos Island [118], Cuba [613], Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,827], France [32b,190], French Southem
Territories: Amsterdam [190], St Paul [190], Greece [744a], Iceland [880c], Indonesia [126a,190], Ireland
[703]; Italy [190], Japan [123], Madagascar [125], Maldives [125], Martinique [614], Mexico [123], New
Zealand [693,699], Norway [880c], Panama [216,219], South Africa [125], Tanzania [125], United States
[123]: incl. Hawaiian Islands [107,751]
Desmophyllum striatum Caims 1979
Dunocyathus Tenison-Woods 1878 II B -
Australia (southern Queensland to Tasmania) [183,716,761 ].Deep water.
The genus is sometimes included in the family Rhizangiidae [151].
1 species
Dunocyathus parasiticus Tenison-Woods 1878
Endocyathopora Cairms 1989 Il B -
(West Pacific. 46-100 m [126a])
Indonesia [126a]; Philippines [116]. 46-70 m [116]
1 species [116]
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CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Endocvathoporalaticostata Caims 1989
Ericiocyathus Caims & Zibrowius 1997 II B -
(Western Pacific. 814-1.401 m [126a])
Philippines [126a]
1 species
Ericiocyathus echinatus Caims & Zibrowius 1997
Euphyllia Dana 1848 Il B -
Vase Coral. Bouquet Coral, Zigzag Coral, Grape Coral, Frogspawn Coral
(Red Sea [661], East Africa [329]. Indian Ocean, north to Lakshadweep and Andaman Islands: south to Madagascar
and Houtman Abrolhos Islands (south-west Australia). South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southem Japan
[231] and Marshall Islands; south to Lord Howe Island and Fiji; east to Samoa [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [770]; British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674.832]; Brunei; China
[668.894.895]; Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands: Comoros; Djibouti [298]; Egypt [661]: Ethiopia:
Federated States of Micronesia: Fiji [265]; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia [25.735a]; Israel: Japan [765]; Kenya
[329]: Madagascar [587.591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands
[465.807]; Mauritius [242,674]; Mozambique [68]; Myanmar [212]; Nauru; New Caledonia [850]; Niue; Northem
Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea [558]; Philippines [768]; Réunion; Samoa; Saudi Arabia
[15]; Seychelles [674,845]: Singapore [617]; Solomon Islands [796]: Somalia: Sri Lanka [558]: Sudan [661}:
Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tuvalu; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [36]; Wallis and
Futuna
Euphyllia is found in a wide range of reef habitats, and is a relatively common coral [242].
At least 9 valid species [761,764,766b]
Euphyllia ancora Veron & Pichon 1980 Anchor Coral Australia [? but see 716], British Indian Ocean Territory
[674], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Taiwan [171],
Thailand [674,744]
Euphyllia cristata Chevalier 1972 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea,
Philippines [768], Taiwan [171], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Euphyllia divisa Veron & Pichon 1980 Australia, Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Papua New
Guinea, Philippines [768], Singapore
Euphyllia fimbriata (Spengler 1799) Australia [484], Fiji [484], Indonesia [25,735a], Japan [869], Malaysia:
Peninsular [36], Maldives [484,605], Myanmar [483,484,674], Palau [221], Philippines [484], Seychelles:
Saya de Malha [484], Singapore [484,557,617,710], Taiwan [221], Tanzania [470], Vietnam [36]
Euphyllia glabrescens (Chamisso & Eysenhardt 1821) American Samoa [430], Australia [497,501,621,709,792b],
British Indian Ocean Territory [672], Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Djibouti [298], Fiji [265], India [602,659],
Indonesia [25,621,735a], Israel [674], Japan [739], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives [605],
Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242,674], Myanmar [212,674], Oman [675], Palau [221]. Papua New
Guinea [501,558], Philippines [768], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore [501,617,710], Solomon Islands [484],
Sri Lanka [558], Thailand [674,744], Taiwan [171], Vanuatu, Vienam
Euphyllia paraancora Veron 1990 Papua New Guinea [764], Philippines [764]
Euphyllia paradivisa Veron 1990 Philippines[764]
Euphyllia paraglabrescens Veron 1990 Japan [764]
Euphyllia picteti Bedot 1907 Tooth Coral, Elegance Coral Australia [484], Indonesia [25], Palau [221]
Euphylliayaeyamaensis (Shirai 1980) Japan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines[768], Vanuatu
Eusmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Il B -
(Caribbean [833])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Smith [682] and Wood [847]
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CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Anguilla: Antigua and Barbuda: Bahamas [690]: Barbados [448]: Belize [102]: Bermuda; Brazil [420]: British
Virgin Islands [214]: Cayman Islands [250]: Colombia [235.615]: Costa Rica [158]: Cuba [416.889]: Dominica
[484]: Dominican Republic: Grenada: Guadeloupe: Haiti: Honduras [250]: Jamaica [833]; Martinique [70]; Mexico
[241.375a]: Montserrat; Netherlands Antilles [653]; Nicaragua: Panama [608]: Puerto Rico [10a]: Saint Kitts and
Nevis: Saint Lucia: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: Trinidad and Tobago; Turks and Caicos: United States:
Florida [381]; Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]; Venezuela
1 [766b] to 3 [151] species
Eusmilia fastigiata (Pallas 1766) Flower Coral Bahamas [484], Barbados [448]. Belize [102], Bermuda. British
Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Cuba [416,889], Dominica [484], Honduras [250].
Jamaica [284]. Martinique [70.501]. Mexico [241,375a], Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama [169]. Puerto
Rico [10a], United States [611], Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]
Foveolocyathus Caims 1997 Il B -
Australia [123b]
1 species
Foveolocyathusalternans (Cairns & Parker 1992)
Goniocorella Yabe & Eguchi 1932 Il B -
(West Pacific Ocean, off New Zealand [103]. 100-760 m)
Indonesia [151]; Japan [123,853,858]; Rep. Korea [123]; Malaysia: Sabah [126a]; New Zealand [125,699]; South
Africa [123]
1 species [151]
Goniocorelladumosa (Alcock 1902)
Gyrosmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 I] B -
(Red Sea, Indian Ocean, western Pacific)
Djibouti; Egypt; Ethiopia; Israel [458]; Japan [765]; Madagascar [674]; Mauritius [242,674]; Mozambique
(332,637d]; Réunion [69,242]; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles: Aldabra [674]; Somalia; South A frica [637d]: Sudan;
Yemen [674]
1 species [151,766b]
Gyrosmilia interrupta (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834)
Heterocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Il B -
Striped Shoe Coral
(Red Sea, Arabian Gulf [95], probably widely distributed in the Indo-Pacific. May be abundant on soft substrata
around deeper reefs [761])
Australia [356]; India [602]; Indonesia [356,735a]; Japan [95,853]; Kuwait [35la]; Maldives [270]; Mexico
[219,375a], Mozambique [332]; Myanmar [331]; Oman [675]; Pakistan [330]; Philippines [520]; Seychelles [845];
South Africa [68]; Sri Lanka [72]; Vietnam [436]
11-12 [151] nominal species, 3 valid species recognised by Hoeksema & Best (1991) [356]
Heterocyathus aequicostatus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Australia [255], India [5,602,659], Indonesia
(356,735a], Japan [356], Kuwait [351la], Maldives [270], Mexico [219,375a], Mozambique [332], Oman
[675], Philippines [520], Seychelles [845], Sri Lanka [72], Tanzania [495], Vietnam [436]
Heterocyathusalternatus Verrill 1865 Australia[255], Indonesia [356,735a], Pakistan [330,356]
Heterocyathus sulcatus (Verrill 1866) Australia [356], Indonesia [356,735a], Sri Lanka [356,634]
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CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Holcotrochus Dennant 1902 I] B -
Australia [761]
Two species [151]. Deep water.
Holcotrochus crenulatus Dennant 1904
Holcotrochus scriptus Dennant 1902
Hoplangia Gosse 1860 I] B S
(Mediterranean. North-east Atlantic [881]. 300-2.600 m depth)
France [32b]: Greece [744al: Italy [190]; Lebanon [880c]: Spain: Canary Is [880c]. United Kingdom [202]
1 species [151.881]
Hoplangia durotrix Gosse 1860
Idiotrochus Wells 1935 I B -
(West Pacific. 82-645 m [126a])
Australia [183]; China; Japan [123]; Malaysia: Sabah [116]; Philippines [123]
2 species [116]
Idiotrochus kikutii (Yabe & Eguchi 1941) China[116], Japan [116], Malaysia: Sabah [116], Philippines [116]
Idiotrochus perexigua (Dennant 1906?) Australia[183]
Kionotrochus Dennant 1906 II B -
New Zealand [183,699]
1 species [151]
Kionotrochus suteri Dennant 1906
Labyrinthocyathus Caims 1979 Il B -
(Western Atlantic; western Indian Ocean; east Pacific; New Zealand region. Approximately 155-1000 m depth)
Indonesia [126a]; Madagascar; Mexico [123,375a]; Mozambique [123]; New Zealand [101]; South Africa [125];
United States: California [123]
5 species [123]
Labyrinthocyathusdelicatus (Marenzeller 1904) Mozambique[125], South Africa [125]
Labyrinthocyathusfacetus Caims 1979
Labyrinthocyathuslangi Caims 1979 Mexico [375a]
Labyrinthocyathuslimatulus (Squires 1964) New Zealand [123,699]
Labyrinthocyathusquaylei (Durham 1947) Mexico [123], United States [123]
Lochmaeotrochus Alcock 1902 II B -
(West Pacific. 240-616 m [126a])
Indonesia [151,684]; Malaysia: Sabah [126a]; Taiwan [126a]
1 species [151]
Lochmaeotrochusoculeus Alcock 1902
Lophelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 II B -
CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
(Mediterranean. Atlantic Ocean [881]. South A frica [68]. Approximately 60-2,170m depth)
Cape Verde [141]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118]: France [32b.423]: French Southem and Antarctic Territories:
Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands [123.520]: Greece [744a]; Grenada [614]: Iceland [880c]; India [190]; Ireland
[202.703]: Italy [190]; Japan [123]: Madagascar [123]: Mexico [123.216.219]: Norway [503.880c]: Portugal [190]:
Saint Helena: Tristan da Cunha [520]: Saint Kitts and Nevis [520]; Senegal [141]; South Africa [123]: United
Kingdom [202]: United States [123.610.630a]: Virgin Islands of the United States [520]
1 [118] to 4 [151] species
Lophelia pertusa (Linnaeus 1758)
Montigyra Matthai 1928 Il B -
Australia: Lacépéde Islands [484,761]
1 species [766b], known from only a single specimen. Sometimes included in Trachyphylliidae[151].
Montigyra kenti Matthai 1928
Nomlandia Durham & Barmard 1952 I] B -
(Pacific Ocean [102])
United States: California[123,219]
1 species [151]
Nomlandia californica Durham & Barnard 1952
Notocyathus Tenison-Woods 1880 Il B -
(West Pacific. 34-923 m depth [116])
China [116]; Indonesia [123]: Japan [123,853]; Malaysia: Sabah [116]; New Zealand: Kermadec Ridge [126a];
Philippines [123]
2 species [116,151]
Notocyathus conicus (Alcock 1902) Japan [116], Malaysia: Sabah [116], New Zealand: Kermadec Ridge [126a],
Philippines [116]
Notocyathus venustus (Alcock 1902) China [116], Indonesia [123], Japan [126a], Malaysia: Sabah [116],
Philippines [116]
Odontocyathus Moseley 1881 I B -
(Caribbean, western Atlantic, western Pacific [151])
Belize [97]; British Virgin Islands [614]; Dominica [614]; Grenada [614]; Indonesia [101]; Japan [853]; Mexico
[375a]; United States: Florida [151]; Virgin Islands of the United States [520]
About 4 species [151]
Odontocyathus coronatus (Pourtalés 1867) Belize [97], British Virgin Islands [614], Dominica [614], Grenada
[614], Mexico [375a], United States [97,609], Virgin Islands of the United States [520]
Oxysmilia Duchassaing 1870 II B -
(Caribbean and Bahamas; Gulf of Mexico [101], Galapagos Islands. Depth 46-640 m)
Bahamas; Barbados [612]; Dominica [614]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [151]; Montserrat [614]; Puerto Rico
[746]; Saint Vincent [614]
CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Note that the name Onsmilia is predated by Lophosmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
1 [151] to 2 species
Oxysmilia portoricensis (Vaughan 1901) Puerto Rico [746]
Oxysmilia rotundifolia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) Barbados [612]. Dominica [614], Montserrat [614]. Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines [614]
Paraconotrochus Caims & Parker 1992 I B -
(West Pacific. 351-558 m [126a])
Australia [126a]: Indonesia[126a]: Papua New Guinea [126a]
1 species
Paraconotrochus=zeidleri Caims & Parker 1992
Paracyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 I B -
(Cosmopolitan, including Antarctica. Mostly deep water, but also occurs in shallow water. Approximately 6-540 m
[126a])
Algeria [190]; Australia [183]; Bahamas [690]; Barbados [448]; British Indian Ocean Territory [672]; Canada
[123]; Cape Verde [141]; Cayman Islands [250]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,827]; France [32b]; French
Polynesia [554], including Clipperton I. [339]; Greece [744a]; Grenada [614]; Honduras [250]; India [602];
Indonesia [735a]; Iran [330]; Israel [880c]; Italy [190]; Japan [123,853]; Kuwait [351a]; Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
[880c]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36]; Maldives [275]; Marshall Islands [807]; Martinique [614]; Mauritius [141];
Mexico [123.375a]; Montserrat [614]; Morocco [880c]; Mozambique [332]; Myanmar [212,373]: New Zealand
[699]; Oman [675]; Panama; Philippines [123]; Portugal: Azores [880c], Madeira [141]; Saudi Arabia [23]; Senegal
[141]; Seychelles: Saya de Malha [123]; Singapore [617]; Spain: Canary Islands [880c]; Sri Lanka [72]; Turkey
[180a]; United States: California [123], Hawaiian Islands [107]
Verheij & Best (1987) preferred to place this genus in the family Rhizangiidae.
2 species recorded from north-east Atlantic [881]; 4 species from Australia[761]; 6 species from east Pacific [118].
At least 14 valid species [151]
Paracyathus andersoni Duncan 1889 India [599], Myanmar [212]
Paracyathus arcuatus Lindstr6m 1877
Paracyathus caeruleus Duncan 1889 Myanmar [212]
Paracyathus cavatus Alcock 1893 IR [330], Mozambique [332]
Paracyathus conceptus Gardiner & Waugh 1938 Australia[699], Maldives [275], New Zealand [699]
Paracyathus coronatus Duncan 1876
Paracyathus ebonensis Verrill 1867
Paracyathus fulvus Alcock 1893 Persian Gulf [5]
Paracyathus humilis Verrill 1869 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [1 18,219,827], Mexico [375a], Panama [118,781]
Paracyathus indicus Duncan 1889 India [5,373,602], Myanmar [212]
Paracyathus lacus Pourtalés 1880 Granada [614], Martinique [614], Montserrat [614]
Paracyathus merguiensis Duncan 1889 Myanmar [212]
Paracyathus molokensis Vaughan 1907 United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751]
Paracyathus montereyensis Durham 1947 United States [123]
Paracyathus persicus Duncan 1876
Paracyathus porphyreus Alcock 1893 Australia[255], Myanmar [5]
Paracyathus profundus Duncan 1889 Australia[255], India [602], Myanmar [212]
Paracyathus pruinosus Alcock 1902 Japan [123], Philippines [123], Seychelles: Saya de Malha [123,373]
Paracyathus pulchellus (Philippi 1842) Algeria [190], Barbados [448], Cape Verde [141], France [32b,423],
Greece [744a], Honduras [250], Israel [880c], Italy [190], Libya [880c], Mexico [375a], Morocco [880c],
Mauritius [141,373], Portugal [880c]: incl. Azores [880c], Madeira [141,208], Spain: Canary Is [880c], Sri
Lanka [72], Turkey [180a]
123
CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Paracyathus rotundatus Semper 1872 Indonesia [126a]. Malaysia [126a]. Papua New Guinea [126a]. Philippines
[126a]
Paracyathus stearnsii Verrill 1869 Canada [123]. Mexico [123,375a], United States [123,780,781]
Paracyathus stokesii Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 India [373.602]. Kuwait [351a]. Malaysia: Peninsular [36].
Myanmar [373]. Oman [675]. Singapore [617]. Sri Lanka [72.373]
Paracyathus vittatus Dennant 1906 Australia[183]
Parasmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 I] B -
(Antilles [151], West Pacific)
Japan [853]
Note that Cylicosmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848: 466 has page priority over Parasmilia (p. 467).
1-2 species [151]
Parasmilia poculum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
Peponocyathus Gravier 1915 ll B -
(Cosmopolitan [761]. Shallow to very deep water [101.881], 30-903 m [126a])
Australia [123]; Brazil [116]; China [116]; Cuba [613]; Indonesia [116]; japan [123]; Kenya [116]; Malaysia: Sabah
[116]; New Zealand [123]; Philippines [123]; Portugal: Azores, Madeira [116]; South Africa [123], Tanzania [125]:
United States [123,610]
2 species recognized by Cairns (1989) [116] and 1 described subsequently | 123a]
Peponocyathus australiensis (Duncan 1870)
Peponocyathus dawsoni Caimms 1995 New Zealand [123a]
Peponocyathus folliculus (Pourtalés 1868) Australia [116], Brazil [116], China [116], Indonesia [116]. Japan [116].
Kenya [116], Malaysia: Sabah [116], New Zealand [116], Philippines [116], Portugal: Azores, Madeira
[116], United States [116,610]
Peponocyathus minimus (Yabe & Eguchi 1937) Indonesia[126a], Japan [126a], Philippines [126a]
Phacelocyathus Cairns 1979 II B -
(Western Caribbean; Gulf of Mexico, Brazil [101]. Approximately 22-560 m depth)
Brazil [101]; Cuba [613]; Mexico [375a]
1 species [151]
Phacelocyathus flos (Pourtales 1878)
Physogyra Quelch 1884 I B -
(Red Sea [661], East Africa [329]. Indian Ocean, north to Maldives and Andaman and Nicobar Islands; south to
Madagascar and north-western Australia. South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to Ryukyu Islands, Guam, Marshall
Islands and Phoenix Islands; south to Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia; east to Samoa [761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [770]; British Indian Ocean Territory [672,674,832]; Brunei; Christmas Island;
Djibouti [298]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia
[735a]; Israel [661]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya; Kiribati; Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [186],
Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands [807]; Mauritius; Myanmar; New Caledonia [850]; Northern
Marianas: Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]; Qatar; Réunion; Samoa; Saudi
Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore; Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171];
Tanzania; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tuvalu; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
1 [151] to 3 [766b] valid species
Physogvraastraeiformis Umbgrove 1940 Indonesia[742]
Physogvraexerta Nemenzo & Ferraris 1982 Indonesia[735a]. Philippines [768]
Physogvra gravieri Vaughan 1907 Djibouti [298.752]
Physogyra lichtensteini (Milne Edwards & Haime 1851) Bubble Coral Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean
Territory [672.674]. Djibouti [484]. India [602]. Indonesia [619,.735a], Japan [869]. Madagascar [674].
Malaysia: Sabah [848]. Maldives [605]. Marshall Islands, Palau [221]. Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768].
Seychelles [674.845]. Singapore. Taiwan [171.87 1a], Thailand [674,744], Vanuatu, Vietnam
Physogyrasomaliensis Vaughan 1907 Djibouti [298,752]
Platycyathus Fromentel 1863 II B -
(Pacific [151])
Unknown number of species
9
Platytrochus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 II B -
(Indo-Pacific [761]. Shallow to deep water)
Australia [761]
3 species [151] and 2 described subsequently [126]
Platytrochus compressus (Tenison-Woods 1878) Australia[229,716]
Platytrochus hastatus Dennant 1902
Platytrochus laevigatus Caims & Parker 1992
Platytrochus parisepta Caims & Parker 1992
Pleotrochus Caims 1997 II B -
(West Pacific. 200-397 m [126a])
Indonesia [126a]; New Zealand [123b]
2 species
Pleotrochus venustus (Alcock 1902) Indonesia[126a]
Pleotrochuszibrowii Caimms 1997 New Zealand [123b]
Plerogyra Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Il B -
Pearl Coral
(Red Sea [661], East Africa [329]. Indian Ocean, north to Maldives and Andaman Islands; south to Madagascar and
Ningaloo Reefs (north-west Australia). South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to Ryukyu Islands, Northern Marianas
and Marshall Islands; south to Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia, east to Phoenix Islands [761 ])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [770]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]; Brunei; Christmas Island;
Djibouti; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji; Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a];
Israel [458,661]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya; Kiribati; Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36],
Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]; Marshall Islands; Mauritius [242,674]; Myanmar; New Caledonia [850]:
Northern Marianas; Palau [221]; Papua New Guinea [631]; Philippines [768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]; Qatar;
Réunion; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845]; Singapore [557]; Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; Sri
Lanka; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tuvalu; United States minor outlying
islands: Line Islands; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
Fairly common and widespread on reefs, although restricted mostly to vertical faces [847].
CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
3 [151.766b] to 4 species
Plerogvraeurvsepta Nemenzo 1960 Japan. Philippines [526.768]
Plerogyra simplex Rehberg 1892 American Samoa [430]. Indonesia [735a], Malaysia: Sabah [848]. Papua New
Guinea [631]. Philippines [768]. Vanuatu, Vietnam
Plerogyra sinuosa (Dana 1848) Bubble Coral Australia [604], British Indian Ocean Territory [644.672], India
[602.659]. Indonesia [735a]. Israel [674], Japan, Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36.604], Sabah
[848]. Maldives [605]. Marshall Islands, Mauritius [242.674]. New Caledonia [604], Palau [221]. Papua New
Guinea. Philippines [768]. Saudi Arabia [15], Singapore [501.557,617,710].Sudan, Taiwan [171]. Thailand
[674.744], United States minor outlying islands, Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Plerogyraturbida (Hodgson & Ross 1982) Indonesia[735a], Philippines [768]
Polycyathus Duncan 1876 II B -
(Cosmopolitan[761]. Shallow water)
Australia [761]; British Indian Ocean Territory [672]; Cape Verde [40]: ?Costa Rica: Cocos Island [219]; Ecuador:
Galapagos Islands [118.827]; France [32,684]; French Polynesia [148.593]; Greece [744a]: India [602]; Indonesia
[735a]; Iran [330]; Israel [880c]; Italy [880c]; Kuwait [351a]; Lebanon [32.32b]; Malaysia: Peninsular [186]:
Maldives; Malta [880c]; Myanmar [141,212]; New Caledonia [838]; Oman [675]; Panama [123]; Philippines [123]:
Portugal [880c]: incl. Madeira [880c]; Saint Helena [141,205]; Senegal [142]; Seychelles [845]; Spain: Canary
Islands [880c]; Suriname [838]; Tunisia [880c]; Turkey {880c]; United States: Gulf of Mexico [125a]
Verheij & Best (1987) preferred to place this genus in the family Rhizangiidae.
1 species recorded from Mediterranean and north-East Atlantic [881]; | unnamed species from Australia [761]. 3
species described from the Indian Ocean and Philippines [758]; 2 species from east Pacific [118]; 3 from the Red
Sea [661].
About 16 species
Polvcyathus andamanensis Alcock 1893 India [5,602]
Polycyathus atlanticus Duncan 1876 Cape Verde [40], Saint Helena [205]
Polycyathus difficilis Duncan 1889 Myanmar [141,212]
Polycyathus fulvus Wijsman-Best 1970 New Caledonia [684,838]
Polycyathus furanaensis Verheij & Best 1987 Indonesia[758], Maldives [758]
Polycyathus fuscomarginatus (Klunzinger 1879)
Polycyathus hodgsoni Verheij & Best 1987 Maldives [758], Philippines [758]
Polycyathus hondaensis (Durham & Barnard 1952) ?Coata Rica: Cocos I [219], Ecuador: Galapagos Islands
[118,827], Panama [118]
Polycyathus isabela Wells 1982 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,827]
Polycyathus marigondoni Verheij & Best 1987 Kuwait [35 1a], Philippines [758]
Polycyathus muellerae (Abel 1959) France [32,684], Greece [744a], Israel [880c], Italy [880c], Lebanon [32,32b],
Malta [880c], Portugal [880c]: incl. Madeira [880c], Spain: Canary Is [880c], Tunisia [880c], Turkey [880c]
Polycyathus norfolkensis Caims 1995
Polycyathus palifera(Verrill 1869)
Polycyathus pallidus (Klunzinger 1879) Indonesia[741]
Polycyathus senegalensis Chevalier 1966 Senegal [141], United States: Gulf of Mexico [125a]
Polycyathus verrilli Duncan 1889 French Polynesia [593], India [602], Myanmar [141,212]
Pourtalosmilia Duncan 1885 Il B S
(Mediterranean, North-east Atlantic [881], Gulf of Guinea [151], west Pacific. Approximately 200-300 m depth)
France [495]; Indonesia [735a]; Italy [190]
1 [151]to 2 species
Pourtalosmiliaanthophyllites (Ellis & Solander 1786) France [423,495], Italy [190]
Pourtalosmiliaconferta Caims 1978
CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Premocyathus Y abe & Eguchi 1942 iat B -
(West Pacific. 22-545 m [126a])
Indonesia[126a]: Japan [126a]: New Zealand: Kermadec Islands [126a]; Philippines [126a]
] species
Premocyathus dentiformis (Alcock 1902)
Pseudocyathoceras Cairms 1991 I B =
(Eastern Pacific. 91-183 m [118])
Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118.219.827]
1 species recognized by Cairns [118]
Pseudocyathocerasavis (Durham & Barnard 1952)
Rhizosmilia Cairns 1978 II B =
(Western Atlantic [101], Caribbean, western Indian Ocean, Japan. Approximately 60-636 m)
Brazil [520]; Colombia [235]; Cuba [889]; Indonesia [126a]; Japan [123]: Madagascar [125]; Mauritius [125];
Mexico [375a]; Montserrat [614]; Mozambique [125]; New Zealand: Kermadec Is [520]; Philippines [126a]; South
Africa [123]; United States: Florida
3 species recognized by Cairns (1994) [123] and one described subsequently [126a]
Rhizosmiliaelata Caims & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a], Philippines[126a]
Rhizosmilia gerdae Caims 1978
Rhizosmilia gigas (van der Horst 1931) Mauritius [125,373]
Rhizosmilia maculata (Pourtalés 1874) Brazil [520,612], Colombia [235], Cuba [889], Mexico [375a], Montserrat
[614], New Zealand [?699]: incl. Kermadec Is [520]
Rhizosmiliarobusta Caims 1993 Madagascar [125], Mozambique [125], Philippines [126a], South Africa [125]
Rhizosmiliasagamiensis (Eguchi 1968) Indonesia[126a], Japan [126a], Philippines [126a]
Solenosmilia Duncan 1873 Il B -
(Atlantic, Red Sea, Indian Ocean, south-east Australia; circum-Subantarctic.Approximately 220-2,165 m depth)
Barbados [614]; Cuba [613]; Guadeloupe [614]; India [123,684]; Montserrat [614]; Portugal [151]; Saint Helena:
Ascension, Tristan da Cunha [520]; Saint Lucia [614]; Saint Vincent [614]; Somalia [123]; South Africa [123]: incl.
Prince Edward Is [520]
2 species [151]
Solenosmiliavariabilis Duncan 1873
Sphenotrochus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Il B -
(Cosmopolitan [761], including Antarctica. 9-403 m)
Argentina [693]; Australia [766]; Brazil [612]; China [116]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,827]; Falkland
Islands [693]; Ireland [286]; Mexico [116,219,375a]; Mozambique [123]; New Zealand [1 16,699]; Philippines
[123]; Senegal [141]; South Africa [123]; United Kingdom [73]; United States: California[123]
About 16 species recognized by Chevalier (1987) [151]; however, only 8 species recognized by Cairns [?] and 2
described subsequently [123]
Sphenotrochus andrewianus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Ireland [495], United Kingdom [495]
Sphenotrochus aurantiacus Marenzeller 1904 ?Mozambique[125], South Africa [125]
CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Sphenotrochus auritus Pourtales 1874 Brazil [612]
Sphenotrochus evexicostatus Cairns 1993 ?Madagascar[125] Mozambique [125]. South Africa [125]
Sphenotrochus excavatus Tenison-Woods 1878 Australia[716]
Sphenotrochus gardineri Squires 1961 Argentina [693]. Falkland Islands [693]
Sphenotrochus gilchristi Gardiner 1904 South Africa [125]
Sphenotrochus hancocki Durham & Barnard 1952 China [116], Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [116,219,827], Mexico
[116.219.375a]. Philippines [116]
Sphenotrochus imbricatocostatus Cairns 1993 Mozambique [125], South Africa [125]
Sphenotrochus ralphae Squires 1964 New Zealand [699]
Sphenotrochus squiresi Caims 1995
Stephanocyathus Seguenza 1864 I B -
(Cosmopolitan [761]. 52-2.200 m [126a])
Australia [123.520]; Belize [97]: Brazil [123,520]; British Indian Ocean Territory [672]; Colombia [256]:
Guadeloupe [614]; Guyana [97]; Haiti [97]; India [602]; Indonesia [123]; Ireland [703]; Japan [123]: Rep. Korea
[123]; Madagascar [123]; Malaysia: Sabah [126a]; Maldives [123]: Mexico [375a]; Mozambique [123]; Namibia
[123]: Netherlands Antilles: Curacao: New Zealand [69c.699]; Panama [97]: Philippines [123]; Portugal: Azores
[97]; Seychelles: Saya de Malha Bank [125]; South Africa [123]; Tanzania [123]; United Kingdom [123.667]:
United States [97]
About 20 species [151]; 4 species recorded from Curacao [101]; 3 species from the north-east Atlantic [881]
Stephanocyathus campaniformis (Marenzeller 1904) Madagascar[125], Namibia [125]
Stephanocyathus crassus (Jourdan 1895)
Stephanocyathus diadema (Moseley 1876) Belize [97], Brazil [97,520], Colombia [97], Guadeloupe [614], Guyana
[97], Ireland [703], Mexico [375a], Panama [97], Portugal: Azores [97,520], United States [97]
Stephanocyathus discoides (Moseley 1876) Brazil [520]
Stephanocyathus explanans (Marenzeller 1904) Indonesia [125], Madagascar [126a], Malaysia: Sabah [126a].
Tanzania [125], South Africa [125]
Stephanocyathuslaevifundus Caims 1977 Haiti [97], Panama [97], United States [97]
Stephanocyathus moseleyanus Sclater 1886 United Kingdom [667]
Stephanocyathus nobilis (Moseley 1873/6?) Brazil [125], Colombia [236], India [6,602], Kenya [125], Madagascar
[125], Maldives [125,275], Mozambique [125], Portugal: Azores [125,520], Seychelles: Saya de Malha Bank
[125], Tanzania [125], United Kingdom [125]
Stephanocyathus paliferus Caims 1977 Haiti [97], Mexico [375a], Panama [97], United States [97]
Stephanocyathus platypus (Moseley 1876) Australia [520]
Stephanocyathus regius Caims & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia [126aj, Malaysia: Sabah [126a], New Zealand:
Kermadec Is [126a], Philippines[126a]
Stephanocyathus spiniger (Marenzeller 1888) Australia [125], Indonesia [125], Japan [125], Madagascar [125],
Mozambique [125], New Zealand [126a], Philippines [125], South Africa [125]
Stephanocyathus weberianus (Alcock 1902) Australia [126a], Indonesia [126a], Japan [126a], Malaysia: Sabah
[126a], Philippines [126a]
Sympodangia Caims & Zibrowius 1997 Il B -
(West Pacific. 208-616 m [126a])
Indonesia [126a]; Malaysia: Sabah [1 26a]; Philippines [126a]
1 species
Sympodangiaalbatrossi Cairms & Zibrowius 1997
Tethocyathus Kihn 1933 Il B -
(Atlantic [102], Indian Ocean, west Pacific. 137-315 m [126a])
Barbados [612]; Cuba [613]; Indonesia [151]; Mexico [375a]; New Caledonia [266]; New Zealand [126a];
Philippines [126a]; United States
128
CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
About 10 species [151]
Tethocvathus cylindraceus (Pourtalés 1868) Barbados [612]. Cuba [614]. United States [610]
Tethocyathus minor (Gardiner 1899) New Caledonia [266]
Tethocyathus recurvatus (Pourtalés 1878) Cuba [613], Mexico [375a]
Tethocyathus variabilis Caims 1979 Mexico [375a]
Tethocyathus virgatus (Alcock 1902) Indonesia [684]. New Zealand [126a]. Philippines [126a]
Thalamophyllia Duchassaing 1870 II B -
(Caribbean, Mediterranean. north-east Atlantic [881]. Approximately 18-1,317 m depth)
Australia [126a]: Dominica [614]: Guadeloupe [151]; ?Honduras [250]; Indonesia [126a]; Italy [190]; Martinique
[614]; Mexico [375a]; Montserrat [614]: Netherlands Antilles: Curacao [101]; New Caledonia [126a,266]: New
Zealand: Kermadec Islands [126a]: Philippines [126a]; Portugal : Madeira [151]; United States [790a]
At least 3 species [151]
Thalamophylliagasti (Déderlein 1913) Italy [190]
Thalamophyllia gombergi Caims 1979
Thalamophylliarusei (Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860) Dominica [614], ?Honduras [250], Martinique [70], Mexico
[375a], Montserrat [614], United States [790a]
Thalamophyllia tenuescens (Gardiner 1899) Australia [126a], Indonesia [126a], New Caledonia [126a,266], New
Zealand: Kermadec Is [126a], Philippines [126a]
Thalassiotrochus Milne Edwards 1861 II B -
(Mediterranean about 2,000 m depth)
1 species, which could be a young Desmophyllum [881]
Thalassiotrochustelegraphicus Milne Edwards | 861
Thrypticotrochus Cairns 1989 Il B -
(Indo-Pacific. 130-925 m)
Australia: Queensland [116]; Indonesia [126a]; Madagascar [123]; Mozambique [123]; New Zealand: Kermadec
Ridge [126a]; Philippines [123]; Tanzania [126a]
1-2 species [116]
Thrypticotrochus multilobatus Caims 1989 Australia [116], Indonesia [126a], Madagascar [125], Mozambique
[125], New Zealand: Kermadec Ridge [126a], Philippines [116], Tanzania [126a]
Thrypticotrochuspetterdi(Dennant 1906) Australia[183]
Trematotrochus Tenison-Woods 1877 Il B -
(Australia, New Zealand and the Caribbean [101,761]. Shallow to deep water)
Australia [183]; Cuba [151]; New Zealand; United States [613]
3 species [151]
Trematotrochuscorbicula (Pourtalés 1878) United States [613]
Trematotrochus hedleyi Dennant 1906 Australia[183]
Trematotrochusverconis Dennant 1904 =?
Trochocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 II B -
(Cosmopolitan [761]. 25-2,500 m [126a])
CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Australia [126a]: Barbados [612]; Brazil [123]: Cuba [613]: French Polynesia [126a]; Grenada [614]: Indonesia
[151]: Japan [123.853]: Madagascar [123]: Malaysia: Sabah [126a]: Maldives [123]; Mexico [375a]: Mozambique
{123]; New Zealand: Kermadec Islands [126a]: Philippines [123]: Portugal: Azores; South Africa ({123]: Tuvalu
[71]: United States [123,612]: including Hawaiian Islands [107]
2 species recorded from north-east Atlantic [881]: 4 from Australia [761]; 2 from Japan; 5 from Hawaiian Islands
[464]. 29 species listed, possibly 20 are valid [151]
Trochocyathus aithoseptatus Cairns 1984 United States: Hawaiian Islands [107]
Trochocyathus apertus Caims & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a]. Philippines [126a]
Trochocyathus brevispina Caims & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia [126a]
Trochocyathus burchae (Cais 1984) Indonesia[126a], Philippines [126a], United States: Hawaiian Islands [107]
Trochocyathus caryophvlloides Alcock 1902 Indonesia [684]. Japan [126a], Philippines [126a]
Trochocvathus cepulla Caims 1995
Trochocyathus cooperi (Gardiner 1905) French Polynesia [126a], Indonesia [126a], Japan [126a], Maldives
({126a.270], Philippines [126a]
Trochocyathus decamera Cairns 1994 Japan [123]
Trochocyathus discus Cairns & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a]
Trochocyathus fasciatus Cairns 1979 Mexico [375a]
Trochocyathus fossulus Cairms 1979
Trochocyathus gardineri (Vaughan 1907) Maldives [275], Philippines [126a], United States: Hawaiian Islands
[107,751]
Trochocyathus gordoni Caims 1995
Trochocyathus hastatus Bourne 1903 Tuvalu [71]
Trochocyathus japonicus Eguchi 1968 Japan [123]
Trochocyathus longispina Caims & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a], Malaysia: Sabah [126a], Philippines [126a]
Trochocyathus maculatus Caims 1995 Australia[126a], New Zealand: Kermadec Is [126a], Philippines[126a]
Trochocyathus mauiensis (Vaughan 1907) United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751]
Trochocyathus mediterraneus Zibrowius 1980
Trochocyathus meridionalis Duncan 1870 Australia[716]
Trochocyathus oahensis Vaughan 1907 United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751]
Trochocyathus philippinensis Semper 1872 Indonesia[126a], Japan [126a], Philippines [126a]
Trochocyathus rawsonii Pourtalés 1874 Barbados [612], Cuba [613], Grenada [614], Mexico [375a], United States
[612,613]
Trochocyathus rhombocolumna Alcock 1902 Indonesia [126a], Maldives [125], Mozambique [125], Philippines
[125], United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751]
Trochocyathus semperi Cais & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a], Philippines [126a]
Trochocyathus spinosocostatus Zibrowius 1980
Trochocyathus vasiformis Bourne 1903 Tuvalu [71]
Trochocyathus victoriae Duncan 1870 Australia[716]
Tropidocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Il B -
(Indo- West Pacific. 50-421 m [126a])
Australia [123]; China [116]; Indonesia [151]; Japan [123,853]; Kenya [123]; Malaysia: Sabah [116]; Mozambique
[123]; Philippines [123]; Somalia [123]; South Africa [123]; Sri Lanka [72]; Tanzania [123]
3 species were recognized by Cairns [116], but 7. nascornatus has subsequently been transferred to Deltocyathus
[123]
Tropidocyathus labidus Caims & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a], Japan [126a]
Tropidocyathus lessonii (Michelin 1842) China [116], Indonesia [116], Japan [116], Kenya [116], Malaysia: Sabah
[116], Mozambique [125], Philippines [116], Somalia[116], South Africa [116], Tanzania [125]
Turbinolia Lamarck 1816 II B =
(Murray Islands, Australia [761]. Shallow water)
1 species
130
CARYOPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Turbinolia stephensoni (Wells 1959)
Vaughanella Gravier 1915 Il B -
(North-east Atlantic [881]. Approximately 825-1.600 m depth)
1-2 [151] species and | described recently [123a]
Vaughanellaconcinna Gravier 1915
Vaughanellamargaritata (Jourdan 1895)
Vaughanella multipalifera Cairns 1995
Family FLABELLIDAE Bourne 1905
Blastotrochus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 I] B -
(West Pacific, 11-62 m [116,126a])
Indonesia [126a]; Japan [853]: Philippines [116,495]
1 species recognized by Cairns [116]
Blastotrochus nutrix Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
Falcatoflabellum Caims 1995 Il B -
New Zealand [123a]
1 species
Falcatoflabellumraoulensis Cairns 1995
Flabellum Lesson 1831 II B -
(Worldwide, including Antarctica[1 16], 22-3,200 m)
Argentina [693]; Australia [520]; Barbados [614]; China [116]; Cook Islands [485]; Dominica [614]; Ecuador:
Galapagos Islands [118,827]; Falkland Islands [693]; Grenada [614]; India [123,602]; Indonesia [123]; Ireland
[202,703]; Japan [123,853]; Kenya [123]; ?7Korea [123]; Madagascar [123]; Malaysia: Sabah [116]; Maldives [123];
Martinique [614]; Mexico [375a]; Mozambique [123]; Myanmar [331]; New Zealand [123]; Papua New Guinea
[520]; Philippines [123]; Portugal [520]: incl. Azores [520]; Singapore [557]; South Africa [123]; Sri Lanka [116];
Tanzania [123]; United Kingdom [306]; United States: Aleutian Islands [123], Gulf of Mexico [613], Hawaiian
Islands [107,123]
This genus was reviewed by Zibrowius [877]; his conclusions form the basis of the revision published by Caims
[116], but with changes to generic/subgenericstatus.
Over 100 nominal species: 40 recognized by Cairns (1989) [116]; F. hoffmeisteri described subsequently [126], F.
dens transferredto Truncatoflabellum and F. angustum [123], F. coalitum and F. sibogae [126] recognizedas valid.
Flabellum alabastrum Moseley 1876 Ireland [703], Portugal: Azores [520]
Flabellum angiostomum Folkeson 1919 Australia [255]
Flabellum angulare Moseley 1876 United States [613]
Flabellum angustum Yabe & Eguchi 1942 Japan [123]
Flabellum aotearoa Squires 1964 New Zealand [696,699]
Flabellum apertum Moseley 1876 Japan [123], New Zealand [699], Portugal [520]
Flabellum areum Caims 1982
Flabellum atlanticum Cairns 1979
Flabellum australe Moseley 1881 Australia[183,520]
Flabellum campanulatum Holdsworth 1862
Flabellum chunii Marenzeller 1904
Flabellum coalitum Marenzeller 1888 = F. pavoninum [111]
131
FLABELLIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Flabellum conuis Moseley 1881 Indonesia[126a], Japan [126a]. Papua New Guinea [116,520]. Philippines [116]
Flabellum curvatum Moseley 1881 Argentina/Uruguay[52]. Falkland Islands [693]
Flabellum daphnense Durham & Barnard 1952 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118.219.827]
Flabellum deludens Marenzeller 1904 India [116], Indonesia [116], Japan [116,853], Philippines [116], Sri Lanka
[116]. United States: Hawaiian Is [751]
Flabellum flexuosum Caims 1982
Flabellum floridanum ? Mexico [375a] (replaces F. fragile Cairns 1977)
Flabellum gardineri Cairns 1982
Flabellum hoffmeisteri Cairns & Parker 1992 Australia [126a], Indonesia [126a], New Zealand: Kermadec Ridge
[126a]
Flabellum impensum Squires 1962
Flabellum japonicum Moseley 1881 India [6,125,851], ?Indonesia [116], Japan [116.520], Madagascar [125].
Philippines [116]
Flabellum knoxi Ralph & Squires 1962 New Zealand [699]
Flabellum lamellulosum Alcock 1902 Indonesia [116], ?Japan [116], Philippines [116], United States: Hawaiian Is
[751]
Flabellum lowekeyesei Squires & Ralph 1965 Madagascar [125], Mozambique [125]. New Zealand [699,700]
Flabellum macandrewi Gray 1849 Ireland [202], United Kingdom [306]
Flabellum magnificum Marenzeller 1904 Indonesia [116], Japan [116], Malaysia: Sabah [116], Philippines [116],
Telegraph cable, Persian Gulf [330]
Flabellum marcus Keller 1974 United States: Hawaiian Islands [107]
Flabellum marenzelleri Cais 1989 Indonesia[126a], Philippines [116]
Flabellum messum Alcock 1902 Indonesia [116], Japan [125], Kenya [125], Madagascar [125], Malaysia: Sabah
[116], Maldives [125], Philippines [116], South Africa [125], Tanzania [125], United States: Hawaiian IS
[125]
Flabellum moseleyi Pourtalés 1880 Barbados [614], Dominica [614], Grenada [614], Martinique [614], Mexico
(375a]
Flabellum ongulense Eguchi 1965
Flabellum patens Moseley 1881 Indonesia[1 16,520], Japan [116], Philippines [116]
Flabellum pavoninum Lesson 1831 China [116], Indonesia [126a], Japan [116,853], New Zealand [693],
Philippines [126a], Singapore [557,710], United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,116,751]
Flabellum planus Squires 1962
Flabellum politum Cairns 1989 China[116], Indonesia[116], Japan [116], Philippines [116]
Flabellum raukawaensis Squires & Keyes 1967 New Zealand [699]
Flabellum sexcostatum Caims 1989 Philippines[116]
Flabellum sibogae Gardiner 1904 ?= Placotrochidesalabastrum (see 684)
Flabellum thouarsii Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Argentina[693,709], Falkland Islands [693]
Flabellum transversale Moseley 1881 Australia [520], Japan [853]
Flabellum tuthilli Hoffmeister 1933
Flabellum vaughani Caims 1984 United States: Hawaiian Islands [107]
Gardineria Vaughan 1907 Il B -
(Caribbean; western Indian Ocean, west Pacific, Antarctic. 2-700 m depth [116])
Antarctica: Palmer Archipelago [274]; Barbados [612]; Belize [102]; Cuba [889]; Indonesia [126a]; Martinique
[614]; Mexico [375a]; Netherlands Antilles [653]; Philippines [116]; South Africa; South Georgia [724]; United
States [610]: including Hawaiian Islands [107]
8 species are recognized by Cairns [116], but he considered G. antarctica to be more closely allied to the
caryophylliid genera Crispatotrochus, Conotrochus or Labyrinthocyathus.
Gardineriaantarctica Gardiner 1929 Antarctica: Palmer Archipelago [274], South Georgia [724]
Gardineria capensis (Gardiner 1904)
Gardineria hawaiiensis Vaughan 1907 United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751]
Gardineria minor Wells 1973 Belize [102], Cuba [889], Netherlands Antilles [653]
Gardineria musorstomica Cairms 1989 Philippines[116]
Gardineria paradoxa (Pourtalés 1868) Barbados [612], Indonesia [126a], Martinique [614], Mexico [375a], United
States [610]
FLABELLIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Gardineria philippinensis Cairns 1989 Indonesia [126a]. Philippines [116]
Gardineria simplex (Pourtalés 1878) Cuba [613]. United States [613]
Javania Duncan 1876 Il B -
(Worldwide. including Antarctica[116].52-3.165 m depth)
Australia [126a]: Barbados [612]: Canada [123]: Chile [123]; Costa Rica: Cocos Island [118]: Cuba [614]:
Dominica [614]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [1 18,827]; France [877]: Guadeloupe [614]: India [684]: Indonesia
[123]: Japan [123]: Kiribati: Madagascar [123]: Malaysia: Sabah [116]: Mexico [375a]: Montserrat [614]: Morocco
[877]; Mozambique [123]; New Zealand [126a]; Philippines [123]; Portugal: Azores [877], Madeira [877]; Saint
Lucia [614]; Saint Vincent [614]; South Africa [123]; United States: Aleutian Islands, Florida [611]. Hawaiian
Islands [107.123]: Virgin Islands of the United States [520]
5 species recognized by Cairns [116] and 2 described subsequently [123]
Javania antarctica (Gravier 1914)
Javania borealis Cais 1994 Japan [123], United States [123]
Javania cailleti (Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864) Barbados [612], Canada [123], Chile [123,520.877]. Costa Rica:
Cocos Island [118], Cuba [611.877]. Dominica [614], Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118.748,877]. France
[877], Guadeloupe [614]. India [684,877], Japan [123.877], Mexico [375a], Montserrat [614], Morocco [877].
Portugal: Azores [87], Madeira [877], Saint Lucia [614], Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [614], United
States [123,611]
Javania californica Caims 1994 United States [123]
Javania insignis Duncan 1876 Indonesia [116], Japan [116,205,877], Kiribati, Republic of Korea [123],
Madagascar [116,877], Malaysia: Sabah [116], Mozambique [116], Philippines [116], South Africa [125],
United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,116]
Javania lamprotichum (Moseley 1880) New Zealand: Kermadec Ridge [126a], Philippines [126a], United States:
Hawaiian Islands [107], United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll {126a]
Javania pachytheca Caims 1995 Australia[126a], Indonesia [126a], Malaysia: Sabah [126a], New Zealand [126a]
Javania pseudoalabastra Zibrowius 1974 Portugal: Azores [877]
Monomyces Ehrenberg 1834 18 B -
(Cosmopolitan [761]. Shallow water)
Algeria [190], Antarctica: Palmer Archipelago [274]; Australia [255]; Cape Verde; France [32b]; Greece [744al];
Italy [190]; Maldives [270]; Morocco; New Zealand [693,699]; Portugal; Spain [190]; Sri Lanka [72]; Tunisia [190]
Probably 2 recent species [116]
Monomyces pygmaea (Risso 1826) Algeria [190], France [32b], Greece (744a], Italy [190], Spain [190], Tunisia
[190]
Monomyces rubrum (Quoy & Gaimard 1833) Antarctica: Palmer Archipelago [274], Australia [255], Fiji [621],
Maldives [270], New Zealand [693,699,709], Sri Lanka [72]
Placotrochides Alcock 1902 Il B -
(Caribbean; north-east Atlantic; Indo-Pacific. 12-1,628 m [126a])
Australia [123]; Brazil; Indonesia [735a]; Japan [123]; Madagascar [125]; Malaysia: Sabah [116]; Morocco,
Mozambique [123]; Philippines[1 16]; South Africa [123]; United States: Hawaiian Islands [123]
2 or 3 species recognized by Caims [116], who noted that P. alabastrum probably belongs in Javania.
Placotrochidesalabastrum (Alcock 1902) Philippines
Placotrochides frustrum Caims 1979 Brazil, Morocco
Placotrochides scaphula Alcock 1902 Australia [126a], Indonesia [116], Japan [126a], Madagascar [125],
Malaysia: Sabah [116], Philippines[1 16], South Africa [125]
133
FLABELLIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Placotrochus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 I] B -
(Indo-Pacific [186]. Deep water)
Australia [721]: India [602]: Indonesia [151]: Philippines [151]: Sri Lanka [72]: United States: Hawaiian Islands
[107,151]
6 nominal species: 3 [116] to 4 [151] valid species; Cairns [116] considers that P. pedicellatus should be assigned to
a separate genus
Placotrochus fuscus Vaughan 1907 United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751]
Placotrochus laevis Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Australia [116,255,716], India [602], Indonesia [126a],
Philippines [116.495]. Sri Lanka [72]
Placotrochus pedicellatus Tenison-Woods 1879 Australia[721]
Polymyces Cairns 1979 II B -
(Western Atlantic; Pacific. 75-842 m [126a])
Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118]; Indonesia [126a]; Mexico [375a]; New Zealand [126a]; Peru [123]; Philippines
[126a]; South A frica [520]; United States [123,610]
4 species were recognized by Caims [118], but P. tannerensis was subsequently synonymized [123]
Polymyces fragilis (Pourtalés 1868) Mexico [375a], South Africa [520], United States [610,613]
Polymyces montereyensis(Durham 1947) Peru [123], United States [123,219]
Polymyces wellsi Cais 1991 Ecuador [118], Indonesia[126a], New Zealand [126a], Philippines [126a]
Rhizotrochus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 II B -
(Indo-West Pacific 20-1,048 m depth)
India: Andaman Islands [
123]; Indonesia [123]; Japan [123]; Malaysia: Sabah [116]; New Caledonia [266]; New
Zealand [126a]; Palau [123]
; Philippines [123]; Singapore [123]
5 species recognized by Caims [116], but R. niinoi has subsequently been synonymized [123]
Rhizotrochus flabelliformis Caims 1989 Indonesia[126a], New Zealand [126a], Philippines [116]
Rhizotrochus levidensis Gardiner 1899 New Caledonia [266]
Rhizotrochus radiatus Dennant 1904
Rhizotrochus typus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 India [116], Japan [116,229], Malaysia: Sabah [116], Palau
[116], Philippines [116], Singapore [116,495,710]
Truncatoflabellum Cairns 1989 II B -
(North-east Atlantic; Indo-Pacific, including New Zealand. 0-1,163 m depth [116])
Australia [116]; Cape Verde [123]; China [116]; Indonesia [123]; Japan [123]; Madagascar [125]; Malaysia: Sabah
[116]; Maldives [275]; Mozambique [123]; New Caledonia [126a]; New Zealand: Kermadec Ridge [126a];
Philippines [123]; Portugal: Madeira [123]; Singapore [123,617]; South Africa [123]; ?Sri Lanka [72 but see 116];
Tanzania [123]
22 species recognized by Cairns (1989) [116]; 7 described subsequently [123a,125,126a] and 7. bairdi and T.
profundum synonymized [123]
Truncatoflabellumaculeatum (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) Indonesia[126a], Philippines[116,495]
Truncatoflabellum angustum Caims & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia [126a], New Zealand: Kermadec Is. [126a],
Philippines [126a]
Truncatoflabellumarcuatum Caims 1995
Truncatoflabellum candeanum (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) China [116,495], Japan [116], Malaysia: Sabah
[116], Philippines [116]
Truncatoflabellumcarinatum Caims 1989 China[116], Japan [123]
Truncatoflabellumcompressum (Lamarck 1816)
FLABELLIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Truncatoflabellumcorbicula (Tenison-Woods 1880)
Truncatoflabellumcrassum (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) Philippines[1 16.495]. ?Sri Lanka [72 but see 116]
Truncatoflabellumcumingii (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) Indonesia[116]. Philippines[116.495]
Truncatoflabellum dens (Alcock 1902) Indonesia [126a], New Caledonia [126a]. New Zealand: Kermadec Ridge
[126a]. Philippines [116]
Truncatoflabellum formosum Caims 1989 Indonesia [116]. Japan [126a]. Korea Strait [116], Mozambique [125].
Philippines [116]. South Africa [125]
Truncatoflabellumgardineri Cairns 1993 Japan [123], South Africa [125]
Truncatoflabellumgippslandicus (Dennant 1899)
Truncatoflabelluminconstans (Marenzeller 1904)
Truncatoflabellumincrustatum Caims 1989 Indonesia[126a], Philippines[116]
Truncatoflabellumirregulare (Semper 1872) Indonesia[126a], Philippines[116]
Truncatoflabellummartensii (Studer 1878) Australia[709]
Truncatoflabellummortenseni Caims & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a], Philippines [126a]
Truncatoflabellum multispinosum Caims & Keller 1993 Madagascar [125], Mozambique [125], South Africa
[125], Tanzania [125]
Truncatoflabellumparipavoninum (Alcock 1894) Indonesia [116], India [6,116], Malaysia: Sabah [116], Maldives
[275]. New Zealand: Kermadec Is. [126a]. Philippines [116]
Truncatoflabellum phoenix Cairms 1995 Indonesia [126a], Japan [126a]. New Zealand: Kermadec Is. [126a].
Philippines [126a]
Truncatoflabellumpusillum Caims 1989 Indonesia[126a], Mozambique [125], Philippines [116]
Truncatoflabellum spheniscus (Dana 1848) Australia [116,495,716], China [116,495], Indonesia [116,495], Japan
[116], Philippines [116,495], Singapore [36,710]
Truncatoflabellumstabile (Marenzeller 1904)
Truncatoflabellum stokesii (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) Australia [716], China [495], India [5,116,659],
Malaysia, Philippines [116,495], Singapore [36,617], Sri Lanka [5]
Truncatoflabellumtrapezoideum (Keller 1981)
Truncatoflabellumtruncum (Caims 1982)
Truncatoflabellumvariabile (Gerth 1921)
Truncatoflabellumzuluense Caims & Keller 1993 South Africa [125]
Family GUYNIIDAE Hickson 1910
Guynia Duncan 1872 II B -
(Atlantic Ocean; Persian Gulf; Red Sea. 28-653 m [116])
Australia [125]; Barbados [612]; Bermuda [821,880c]; France [874,880c]; Greece [744a]; Indonesia [116]; Jamaica
[822]; Japan [126a]; Martinique [614]; Mexico [375a]; Montserrat [614]; Mozambique [125]; Netherlands Antilles
[614]; New Caledonia [116]; Oman [345,684]; Philippines [116]; Portugal: Azores [880c], Madeira [880c]; South
Africa [125]; Tunisia [880c]; United States [613]: incl. Hawaiian Islands [107,116]
1 [116] to 2 [151] species
Guynia annulata Duncan 1872
Pedicellocyathus Caims 1995 II B -
New Zealand [123a]
1 species
Pedicellocyathuskeyesi Caims 1995
Pourtalocyathus Cairns 1979 II B -
(Western Atlantic, 349-1,200 m depth [101])
Netherlands Antilles: Curagao [101]; United States: Florida [151], Gulf of Mexico [613]
135
GUYNIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
1 species [116.151]
Pourtalocyvathus hispidus (Pourtalés 1878)
Schizocyathus Pourtales 1874 Il B -
(Wester and north-east Atlantic [881]. Approximately 88-1,300 m depth)
Barbados [612]; Cuba [613]; Grenada [614]; Martinique [614]; Mexico [375a]; Saint Lucia [614]
1 species [151]
Schizocyathus fissilis Pourtalés 1874
Stenocyathus Pourtales 1871 18t B -
(Cosmopolitan [107,881], including Antarctica [876]. 80-1,229 m depth)
Australia [123]; Cuba [613]; France [874,880c]; French Southern and Antarctic Territories: Amsterdam, St Paul
[123]: Greece [744a]:; Japan [123]; Madagascar [125]; Martinique [614]; Mexico [375a]; New Zealand [123.699]:
United States: Florida [611], Hawaiian Islands [107,610]
1-2 species [151]
Stenocyathus vermiformis (Pourtalés 1868)
Temnotrochus Caims 1995 I] B -
New Zealand: Kermadec Islands [123a]
1 species
Temnotrochus kermadecensis Cairns 1995
Truncatoguynia Caims 1989 Il B -
(South China Sea off Hong Kong; Kermadec Ridge [116]. About 80-160 m depth)
China [116]; Japan [123]; Philippines
1 described species; 1 undescribed[116]
Truncatoguyniairregularis Caims 1989
Family DENDROPHYLLIIDAEGray 1847
Astroides Quoy & Gaimard 1827 I] B -
(Mediterranean [881]. Shallow water)
Algeria [190]; Italy [190]
1 species [151]
Astroides calycularis (Pallas 1766)
Astropsammia Verrill 1869 Il B 2
(Eastern Indian Ocean, Eastern Pacific)
Mexico: Gulf of California[151,780,781]; Myanmar [212]
DENDROPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
1 species [151]
Astropsammiapedersenti Verrill 1869 = Tubastraea coccinea [118.123]
Balanophyllia S. V. Wood 1844 Il B -
(Cosmopolitan. Approximately 5-700 m depth)
Australia [123]: Barbados [612]; British Indian Ocean Territory [672]: Canada [123]; Cape Verde [142]; Cayman
Islands [250]: Cuba [613]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118.827]: Falkland Islands [693]: France [32b]: French
Polynesia [148]; Greece [744a]; Grenada [614]; Guadeloupe [614]: Honduras [250]: India [123,602]; Indonesia
[142]: Ireland [887b]: Israel [458]; Italy [190]: Japan [123,142.853]: Kenya [123]; Malaysia: Sabah [512]; Maldives
[123]: Mexico [123,375a]; Mozambique [123]: Myanmar [123]; Oman [675]; Panama [219]; Philippines [123]:
Portugal: Azores [142], Madeira [208]: Réunion [123]: Senegal [142]: Seychelles [845]: Singapore [399]: Solomon
Islands [796]: Somalia [123]; South Africa [693]: Spain: Canary Islands [887b]; Sri Lanka [123.373]; Tanzania
[123]; Turkey [880c]; United Kingdom [872]: United States: Alaska [123], Florida, Hawaiian Islands [107,123]
28 to 50 [151] to 53 [123] valid species
Balanophylliabairdiana Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 India [373]
Balanophylliabayeri Caims 1979 Mexico [375a]
Balanophylliabonaespei van der Horst 1938 South Africa [375]
Balanophylliabrevis Duncan 1882 Portugal: Madeira [208]
Balanophylliabuccina Tenison-Woods 1878 Australia[716]
Balanophylliacapensis Verrill? South Africa [375]
Balanophylliacaribbeana Caims 1977
Balanophyllia carinata (Semper 1872) India [5], Indonesia [126a], Philippines [126a], Somalia [126a], Sri Lanka
[5]
Balanophylliacedrosensis Durham 1947 Ecuador [219], Mexico [123,216,219,375a],Panama [219]
Balanophylliacellulosa Duncan 1873
Balanophylliachnous Squires 1962
Balanophyllia cornu Moseley 1881 Indonesia [126a,520], Japan [126a], Maldives [276], Myanmar [373],
Philippines [126a], United States: Hawaiian Islands [107]
Balanophylliacrassiseptum Cairns & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a], Philippines [126a]
Balanophylliacrassitheca Caims 1995
Balanophyllia cumingii Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Indonesia [25,370], Japan [123], Malaysia, Philippines
[123,496]. Sri Lanka [72]
Balanophylliacyathoides (Pourtalés 1871) Cuba [611], Mexico [375a]
Balanophylliadentata Tenison-Woods 1879 Australia[716]
Balanophyllia desmophyllioides Vaughan 1907 Indonesia [126a], Philippines [126a], United States: Hawaiian
Islands [107,751]
Balanophyllia diffusa Harrison & Poole 1909 Kenya [125], Maldives [125], Mozambique [125], Myanmar [125],
South Africa [125], Tanzania [125]
Balanophylliadilatata Dennant 1904
Balanophylliadineta Cairns 1977
Balanophylliadiomedeae Vaughan 1907 Maldives [276], United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751]
Balanophylliaelegans Verrill 1864 Canada [123], Mexico [123,375a], United States [123,776]
Balanophylliaeuropaea (Risso 1826) Greece [744a,880c], Turkey [880c]
Balanophylliafloridana Pourtalés 1868 ?Barbados[612],Cuba [610], United States [610]
Balanophylliagalapagensis Vaughan 1906 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [1 18,219,748,827]
Balanophylliagemma (Moseley 1881) Indonesia[126a], Philippines [126a,520], Tanzania [372]
Balanophylliagemmifera Klunzinger 1879 Israel, Seychelles [372]
Balanophylliageneratrix Caims & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a], Philippines [126a]
Balanophyllia gigas Moseley 1881 Indonesia [126a], Japan [126a], New Zealand [126a], Philippines [126a],
United States: Hawaiian Is. [126a]
Balanophylliagrandis Caims 1977 ?Cayman Islands [250], ?Honduras [250]
Balanophylliahadros Cairms 1979
Balanophyllia imperialis Kent 1871 India [602], Indonesia [126a,370], Myanmar [331], Philippines [126a],
Singapore [126a,399], Sri Lanka [373]
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DENDROPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Balanophylliaincisa Crossland 1952 Australia[168]
Balanophvllia italica (Michelin 1841) Cape Verde [142]. France [423]. Indonesia [142], Italy [190]. Japan [142].
Maldives [372]
Balanophyllialaysanensis Vaughan 1907 United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751]
Balanophylliamalouinensis Squires 1961 Falkland Islands [693]
Balanophylliamerguiensis Duncan 1889 Myanmar [212]
Balanophvllianouhuysi van der Horst 1922 Indonesia[370.684]
Balanophyllia palifera Pourtalés 1878 Barbados [614], Cuba [613], Grenada [614]. Guadeloupe [614], Mexico
[375a]. United States [613]
Balanophylliaparvula Moseley 1881 Indonesia[126a], Philippines [126a.520]
Balanophylliaponderosa van der Horst 1926 Japan [125], Maldives [125,372], Seychelles [372.684], South Africa
[125], ?Sri Lanka [125]
Balanophylliarediviva Moseley 1881 Indonesia[126a,520], Philippines [126a]
Balanophyllia regia Gosse 1860 France [32b,423]. Greece [744a], Ireland [887b], Italy [190]. Spain: Canary Is
[887b]. United Kingdom [887b]
Balanophylliascabra Alcock 1893 India [5,602]
Balanophylliascabrosa (Dana 1848) Philippines[710], Singapore [173,710,776]
Balanophylliaserrata Caims & Zibrowius 1997 Philippines [126a]
Balanophyllia stimpsonii (Verrill 1865) Australia [125], India [5,602], Indonesia [125,370,372], Japan [853],
Maldives [125], Mozambique [125], Myanmar [125,373], Philippines [125], Réunion [125], Seychelles
[125,372], Somalia [125], South Africa [125], Sri Lanka [5,72,125,373]
Balanophylliatenuis van der Horst 1922 Philippines[370]
Balanophylliateres Caims 1994 Japan [123]
Balanophylliathalassae Zibrowius 1980
Balanophylliaverrucaria (Pallas 1766) France [32b] ?= B. europaea [880c]
Balanophylliawellsi Cairns 1977
Balanophylliayongei Crossland 1952 Australia[168]
Bathypsammia Marenzeller 1907 Il B -
(Western Atlantic 210-1,079 m depth)
USA: Florida [151,610]
2 species [151]
Bathypsammiafallosocialis Squires 1959
Bathypsammiatintinnabulum (Pourtalés 1868) United States [610]
Cladopsammia Lacaze-Duthiers 1897 II B -
(Not fully known, but reported from the Mediterranean [881], Australia [761] and Hawaiian Islands [464]. Shallow
water 7-95 m)
Algeria [151,190]; Australia [123]; China [496]; Colombia: Malpelo Island [123]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands
{118,827]; France [423]; Greece [744a]; Indonesia [735a]; Italy [190,880c]; Japan [123]; Kuwait [35 1a]; Malaysia:
Sabah [848]; Malta [880c]; Myanmar [331]; Panama [118]; Sri Lanka [72]; Tunisia [880c]; United States: including
Hawaiian Islands [107] i
1 [151]to 4 species
Cladopsammiaechinata Caims 1984 Indonesia[126a], United States: Hawaiian Islands [107]
Cladopsammia eguchii (Wells 1982) Australia [118], Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,827], Japan [118], Panama
[118], United States: Hawaiian Is [118]
Cladopsammia gracilis (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) Australia{118], China [496], Ecuador: Galapagos Islands
[118,827], Fiji [496], Indonesia [735a], Japan [123], Kuwait (351a], Malaysia: Sabah [848], Myanmar [331],
Singapore [496], Sri Lanka [72]
Cladopsammia rolandi Lacaze-Duthiers 1897 Algeria [190], France [423], Greece [744al], Italy [190,880c], Malta
(880c], Tunisia [880c]
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DENDROPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Dendrophyllia Blainville 1830 II B os
(Cosmopolitan. including Antarctica. Reefs and rocks. shallow to deep water 7-900 m)
Algeria [190]: Angola [123]: Australia [168.621]. Barbados [614]: Canary Islands [142]: Cape Verde [142]:
Colombia [123]: Congo [123]: Cook Islands [485]: Costa Rica: Cocos Island [118.123]: Cuba [614]: Ecuador:
Galapagos Islands [118]: France [32b]: French Polynesia [148]: Greece [744a]: Grenada [614]: Guadeloupe [614]:
India [5]: incl. Andaman and Nicobar Islands [604.713]: Indonesia [123.370]: Ireland [880c]; Italy [190]; Japan
[123.853]: Kenya [123]: Republic of Korea [123]: Malaysia: Peninsular [36.604]: Maldives [136.605]: Marshall
Islands [123.807]: Martinique [614]: Mexico [118.375a]: Morocco [190]: Mozambique [125]; Myanmar [331]:
New Caledonia [482]: New Zealand [699]: incl. Kermadec Islands [123,413]; New Caledonia [482]; Nigeria [142]:
Norfolk Island [126a]; Oman [675]: Philippines [126a]; Portugal: Azores [880c], Madeira [142]; Saint Lucia [614]:
Sao Tomé and Principe [142]; Saudi Arabia [23]; Senegal [142]: Seychelles [845]: Solomon Islands [126a]: South
Africa [142]: Spain: Canary Islands [880c]; Sri Lanka [713]; Tanzania [123]: United States: California [123].
Florida. Hawaiian Islands [107.123]
25-30 [123] or about 30 [151] valid species
Dendrophyllia alcocki (Wells 1954) Indonesia [126a], Maldives [126a,880], Marshall Islands [126a.880], New
Caledonia [126a], New Zealand [126a.699], Solomon Islands [126a]
Dendrophylliaalternata Pourtalés 1880 Guadeloupe [614], Martinique [614], Saint Lucia [614]
Dendrophylliaanastomozans (de Haan 1834) Angola [142], Indonesia [126a], Japan [142]
Dendrophyllia arbuscula van der Horst 1922 Australia [2621], India [602,659], Indonesia [126a,370], Japan
[229,853], Republic of Korea [123], Malaysia [36,604], Maldives [605], New Zealand: Kermadec Is [126a],
Norfolk Island [126a], Philippines [126a]
Dendrophylliaboschmai van der Horst 1926 Japan [370,684,858], Republic of Korea [123]
Dendrophylliacalifornica Durham 1947 Ecuador [118], Mexico [1 18.216,375a], United States [219]
Dendrophylliacarleenae Nemenzo 1983
Dendrophylliacladonia van der Horst 1927 Mozambique [125], South Africa [125]
Dendrophylliacoarctata Duncan 1889 India [602], Myanmar [212]
Dendrophylliacornigera (Lamarck 1816) Cape Verde [142,520], France [32b,423], Greece [744a], Ireland [880c],
Italy [190], Maldives [142,372], Morocco [190], Portugal: Azores [880c], Senegal [142], Spain: Canary Is
[880c], United States [142]
Dendrophylliacribrosa Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 ?Angola [123], Indonesia [123], Japan [123,370], Republic
of Korea[123]
Dendrophyllia dilatata van der Horst 1927 Cape Verde [142], Mozambique [125], Senegal [142], South Africa
[125]
Dendrophylliaelegans van der Horst 1922 Indonesia [370]
Dendrophylliaflorulenta van der Horst 1902 Indonesia [123,370], Japan [123], Republic of Korea [123], ?Marshall
Islands [123]
Dendrophylliagranosa Studer 1878 Australia [709]
Dendrophyllia ijimai Yabe & Eguchi 1934 Japan [125], Kenya [125], Republic of Korea [123], Tanzania [125],
South Africa [125]
Dendrophylliaindica Pillai 1969 India [595,602]
Dendrophylliajohnsoni Caims 1991 Ecuador [118]
Dendrophylliaklunzingeri van der Horst 1926 Japan [684] = D. robusta [276]
Dendrophyllialaboreli Zibrowius & Brito 1984 Spain: Canary Is [883]
Dendrophylliaminuscula Bourne 1905 India [602],713, Japan [739], Maldives [276], Sri Lanka [72]
Dendrophyllia oldroydi Oldroyd 1924 Colombia [123]; Costa Rica: Cocos I. [123], Ecuador: Galapagos Is [123],
Mexico [123,375a], United States [123]
Dendrophylliapraecipua Gardiner & Waugh 1939
Dendrophylliaramea (Linnaeus 1758) Algeria [190], France [423], Indonesia [25,142], Italy [190], New Caledonia
[482], Nigeria [142], Portugal: Madeira [142,190], Sao Tome and Principe [142], Senegal [142], Spain:
Canary Is [142]
Dendrophylliarobusta (Bourne 1905) Sri Lanka [72]
Dendrophylliavelata Crossland 1952 Australia[168]
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DENDROPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Dichopsammia Song 1994 Il B -
(West Pacific)
Republic of Korea [123.687]
1 species
Dichopsammia granulosa Song 1994
Duncanopsammia Wells 1936 II B -
(South-western Australia, north to north coast of Australiaand New Guinea; south to Great Barrier Reef (eastern
Australia) [761])
Australia [496]: Indonesia [370]; Papua New Guinea: Vietnam
A small, rare coral, generally occurring in water depths over 20 m [761].
1 species [151,766b]
Duncanopsammiaaxifuga (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
Eguchipsammia Caims 1994 Il B -
(Circumtropicalto warm temperate in western Pacific 110-196 m)
Australia [123]; Barbados [614]; Cuba [614]; Grenada [614]; ?India [125]; Indonesia [735a]: Japan [123];
Madagascar [125]; Maldives [125]; Mexico [375a]; Mozambique [125]; New Zealand [123]; Philippines [126a];
Seychelles [845]; Tanzania [125]; United States [61 1]: including Hawaiian Islands [107,123]
2 species recognized by Cairns [123]
Eguchipsammiacornucopia Pourtalés 1871 Barbados [614], Cuba [614], Grenada [614], United States [611]
Eguchipsammiafistula (Alcock 1902) Indonesia [735a], Japan [853,858], Maldives [125,276], Mozambique [125].
Tanzania [125], United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751]
Eguchipsammia gaditana (Duncan 1873) Australia [125], ?India [125], Indonesia [125,372], Japan [125],
Madagascar [125], Mexico [375a], Mozambique [125], Philippines [126a], Tanzania [125], United States:
Hawaiian Islands [107]
Eguchipsammiajaponica (Rehberg 1892) Indonesia[123], Japan [631,684,853], New Zealand [123,699]
Eguchipsammiaserpentina Vaughan 1907 Maldives [603], United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,603,751]
Eguchipsammiawellsi (Eguchi 1968) Japan [126a], Philippines [126a]
Enallopsammia Michelotti 1871 ll B -
(Cosmopolitan [101,881]. Approximately 229-2,165 m depth)
Australia [126a]; Cape Verde [141]; Comoros [125]; Cuba [613]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,827]; French
Polynesia; Grenada [614]; India: Nicobar Islands [123,602]; Indonesia [126a]; Japan [123]; Madagascar [123]:
Maldives [123]; Mauritius [242]; Morocco; New Zealand [123]; Nigeria; Philippines [126a]; Portugal; Réunion
[123]; Saint Lucia [614]; United Kingdom [202]; United States: Hawaiian Islands [107]
5 species were recognized by Zibrowius [875], but E. amphelioides was subsequently synonymized [123]
Enallopsammia profunda (Pourtalés 1867) Cuba [609], Mauritius [242], United Kingdom [202], United States
[609]
Enallopsammiapusilla (Alcock 1902) Australia[126a], India [602], Indonesia [126a], Philippines [126a]
Enallopsammia rostrata (Pourtalés 1878) Comoros [125], Cuba [613], Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,827],
French Polynesia, Grenada [614], India [602], Indonesia [126a], Japan [123], Madagascar [125], Maldives
[125], Morocco, New Zealand [125], Nigeria, Philippines [126a], Portugal, Réunion [125], Saint Lucia [614],
United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751]
Endopachys Lonsdale 1845 II B -
(Indo-Pacific, from Africa [68] to Australia[761]. 57-274 m)
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DENDROPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Australia [766]; Costa Rica: Cocos Island [119]: Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118.827]: Indonesia [123]: Japan
[853]: Malaysia: Sabah [126a]: Mauritius [123]: Mexico [125.216.375a]: Mozambique [123]: New Zealand [126a]:
Philippines [123]: Seychelles: Saya de Malha [125]: South Africa [123]: Tanzania [123]: United States: California
[691]. Hawaiian Islands [107.123]
6 species [151]
Endopachys australiae Tenison-Woods 1878 Australia[716]
Endopachys bulbosa Caims & Zibrowius 1997 Indonesia[126a]
Endopachys gravi Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Costa Rica: Cocos I. [118.219], Ecuador: Galapagos Islands
[118.219.827], Indonesia [118.370], Japan [118], Malaysia: Sabah [126a], Mauritius [125.372]. Mexico
{125.216.375a],. Mozambique [125], New Zealand [126a], Philippines[118]. Seychelles: Saya de Malha [125].
South A frica [125]. United States: Hawaiian Islands [107,751]
Endopachys japonicum Yabe & Eguchi? Japan [853]
Endopsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Il B -
(Indo-Pacific, South Atlantic and Mediterranean [761] 62-? m)
Australia [605]; British Indian Ocean Territory [605,644,672]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,827]: India [602]:
Indonesia [126a]; Maldives [605]; New Caledonia [266]; Papua New Guinea [126a]; Philippines [605]; Seychelles
[605]; Tanzania: Zanzibar [605]
5 species [151]
Endopsammia philippensis Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Australia [126a], British Indian Ocean Territory
(372,644 .672], India [602]. Indonesia [126a], Maldives [372,605], New Caledonia [266], Papua New Guinea
[126a], Philippines [496], Seychelles [372], Tanzania [372]
Endopsammiapourtalesi(Durham & Barnard 1952) Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,219,827]
Eupsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 II B -
(Eastern Indian Ocean. 55 m)
Indonesia [151]; Sri Lanka [5]
3 species [151]
Eupsammia regalis Alcock 1893
Heteropsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Il B -
Smooth Shoe Coral
(Red Sea, Persian Gulf. East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Arabian Gulf [95], Gulf of Mannar
(southern India) and Andaman and Nicobar Islands; south to Madagascar and south-western Australia [761].
South-east Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan [853]; south to New Guinea and to Sydney, south-east
Australia[761])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distributionrange shown in Veron [761]
Australia [356]; Bahrain [95,677]; British Indian Ocean Territory [674,832]; Brunei; China [668,894,895]:
Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Comoros; Djibouti; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Greece [744a]; India
[598,602]; Indonesia [356, 735a]; Iran; Israel [661]; Japan [765,853]; Jordan [661]; Kenya; Kuwait [35a];
Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia [36,848]; Maldives [674]; Mauritius [242,674]; Mozambique [68]; Myanmar
[331]; Oman [675]; Palau; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Qatar; Réunion; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles
[674,845]; Singapore; Somalia; Sri Lanka [72]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [372]; Thailand [186,744]:
United Arab Emirates [95,677]; Vietnam [436]; Yemen
8 [151] to 9 nominal species; at least 2 valid species [356,766b]
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DENDROPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Heteropsammia cochlea (Spengler 1781) Button Coral Australia [356]. China [356], India [5,602,659]. Indonesia
[356.735a]. Japan. Kuwait [351a]. Madagascar [674]. Maldives [372]. Mauritius [242.674], Mozambique
[332.674]. Myanmar [783]. Oman [675]. ?Papua New Guinea. Philippines [520.768], Seychelles [372.674].
Sri Lanka [72.372]. Tanzania [372]. Thailand [744]. Vietnam [436]
Heteropsammiaeupsammides (Gray 1849) Indonesia [356.735a], Myanmar [356]
Leptopsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 II B -
(Mediterranean:north-east Atlantic: western Pacific [761.847]. Shallow to deep water)
Algeria [190]; Australia [814]: France [32b]; Greece [744a]; Indonesia [126a]; Italy [190]; Myanmar [331]:
Philippines [126a]; Portugal [880c]: incl. Azores [142]; Senegal [142]; Singapore (617]; Turkey [880c]: United
Kingdom [880c]
5 to 10 [151] species
Leptopsammia britannica (Duncan 1870)
Leptopsammiachevalier Zibrowius 1980
Leptopsammiacrassa van der Horst 1922 Indonesia[126a,370], Philippines [126a]
Leptopsammiaformosa (Gravier 1915) Portugal: Azores [142]
Leptopsammiapoculum van der Horst 1922 Indonesia[370]
Leptopsammia pruvoti Lacaze-Duthiers 1897 Algeria[190], France [32b,423], Greece [744a], Italy [190], Portugal
[880c], Senegal [142], Turkey [880c], United Kingdom [880c]
Leptopsammiaqueenslandiae Wells 1964 Australia[814]
Leptopsammia stokesiana Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 Indonesia [126a,370], Philippines [126a,496], Singapore
{617]
Leptopsammiatrinitatis Hubbard & Wells 1986
Notophyllia Dennant 1899 II B -
(Known only from south-eastern Australia[761]. Shallow to deep water)
2 [151] to 3 [761] species
Notophylliaetheridgei Hoffmeister 1933 Australia [363]
Notophylliarecta Dennant 1906 Australia[183]
Notophylliavariolaris (Tenison- Woods 1877) Australia[716]
Rhizopsammia Verrill 1869 II B -
(Atlantic [881]; Indo-Pacific. 35-135 m)
Bermuda [151]; Costa Rica: Cocos Island [119]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,827]; French Polynesia
[554,593]; Indonesia [123]; Israel [661]; Japan [123]; Republic of Korea [123]; Marshall Islands [807]; Mexico
[375a]; Mozambique [123]; Oman [675]; Palau [126a]; Panama [781]; Philippines [126a]; Senegal [142]; Singapore
[684]; South A frica [693], Tanzania [126a]
8 species were recognised by Wells (1982) [826] and 2 were described subsequently [661,677]
Rhizopsammiaannae (van der Horst 1933) South Africa [125,374]
Rhizopsammiachamissoi Wells 1954 Marshall Islands [142]
Rhizopsammiacompacta Sheppard & Sheppard 1991 Mozambique [125], Oman [677], South Africa [125]
Rhizopsammiamanuelensis Chevalier 1966 Mexico [375a], Senegal [142]
Rhizopsammia minuta van der Horst 1922 Indonesia [142,370], Japan [123], Republic of Korea [123], Marshall
Islands [821]
Rhizopsammia nuda van der Horst 1922 Indonesia [126a], Philippines [126a], Singapore [372,684], Tanzania
[126a]
Rhizopsammiapulchra Verrill 1869 Panama[781]
Rhizopsammiaverrilli van der Horst 1922 Costa Rica: Cocos Island [118], Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,827],
French Polynesia [593], Indonesia [118,370], Palau [126a], Philippines [126a]
Rhizopsammiawellingtoni Wells 1982 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,827]
Rhizopsammiawettsteini Scheer & Pillai 1983 Israel [661]
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Thecopsammia Pourtalés 1868 Il B -
(Cosmopolitan [101.761])
Indonesia [735a]: Papua New Guinea [520]: Solomon Islands [796]: United Kingdom [202]; United States: Florida
151.610]
6 species [151]
Thecopsammiaelongata Moseley 1881 Indonesia[370]. Papua New Guinea [520]
Thecopsammia imperfecta Gravier 1915
Thecopsammiasocialis Pourtalés 1868 United Kingdom [202]. United States [610]
Trochopsammia Pourtales 1878 Il B -
(West Atlantic, Caribbean [151]; western Indian Ocean. 155-775 m)
Cuba [613]; Grenada [614]; Saint Vincent [614]; South Africa [123]; United States: Florida [151]
1 [151] to 2 species
Trochopsammia infundibulum Pourtalés 1878 Cuba [613], Grenada [614], Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [614].
United States [613]
Trochopsammiatogata (van der Horst 1927) South Africa [125]
Tubastraea Lesson 1829 I] B -
Red Cave Coral, Daisy Coral
(Caribbean [833]. Red Sea [661], Arabian Gulf [95]. Indian Ocean, north to Gulf of Kutch (north-west India) and
Andaman and Nicobar Islands; south to Madagascar and south-western Australia [31]. South-east Asia. Pacific
Ocean, north to Japan [231], south to southern Australia[761]; east to California [38,691])
American Samoa [430]; Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Australia [604]; Bahrain [95]; Barbados; Brazil [420]:
British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]; British Virgin Islands [214]; Brunei; Cape Verde [421]; Cayman
Islands; Chile; China [668,894,895]; Christmas Island [29]; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Colombia [235.615];
Comoros [123]; Cook Islands; Costa Rica [158]; Cuba [416,889]; Djibouti; Dominica; Dominican Republic;
Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118,827]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia; Fiji [126a]; French
Polynesia [148,244]; Gabon [421]; Grenada; Guadeloupe; Guam; Haiti; Honduras; India [598.602]; Indonesia
[735a]; Iran; Israel [458,661]; Jamaica [833]; Japan [123,765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya; Kiribati [463]; Republic of
Korea [123]; Kuwait [351a]; Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674]:
Marshall Islands [465]; Martinique; Mauritius [242,558]; Mexico [375a,782a]; Montserrat; Mozambique [68];
Myanmar [331]; Nauru; Netherlands Antilles [653]; New Caledonia [850]; New Zealand [123]; Nicaragua; Niue;
Northern Marianas [496]; Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Panama [608]; Papua New Guinea; Philippines [768]; Pitcaim
Islands [572]; Puerto Rico [10a,604]; Qatar; Réunion; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674,845]; Sierra Leone [421]; Singapore [604]; Solomon
Islands [513]; Somalia; Sri Lanka [558]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau;
Tonga [557]; Trinidad and Tobago; Turks and Caicos; Tuvalu; United Arab Emirates [95,677]; United States:
California [464], Hawaiian Islands [107,464]; Vanuatu [762]; Venezuela [14]; Virgin Islands of the United States;
Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
Tubastraea is usually found in caves on reefs, except for 7. micrantha, which occurs on reef faces exposed to
currents.
6 species recognized by Cairns and Keller [125].
Tubastraea coccinea Lesson 1829 Orange Tube Coral American Samoa [430], Australia [604,709], British
Indian Ocean Territory [644,672], British Virgin Islands, Cape Verde [40], Christmas Island [29], Colombia
[235], Costa Rica [219]: incl. Cocos Island [118], Cuba [889], Ecuador [118,205]: Galapagos Islands [827],
French Polynesia [148,593], India [602,659], Indonesia [372,735a], Jamaica [284,604], Japan [739,869],
Kiribati [463], Republic of Korea [123], Kuwait [351a], Madagascar [125], Malaysia: Peninsular [36,604],
Sabah [848], Maldives [372,605], Marshall Islands [372], Mauritius [242,558], Mexico [375a,782al],
Mozambique [125], Myanmar [125], Netherlands Antilles [653], New Caledonia [604], New Zealand [496],
Northern Mariana Islands [496], Oman [675], Panama [169,496,780,781], Philippines [126a], Puerto Rico
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DENDROPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
[10a.604]. Saudi Arabia [15]. Seychelles [125.496.845]. Singapore [604.617,710], Sri Lanka [558.634].
Taiwan [171]. Tanzania [329]. Thailand [701]. United States: Hawaiian Islands [167], Venezuela[14]
Tubastraea diaphana (Dana 1848) American Samoa [359]. Australia [125], Fiji [126a.621]. Indonesia [370.735a].
Madagascar [125]. Philippines [126a]. Singapore {125.617.710].South Africa [125]. Tanzania [125]
Tubastraea faulkneri Wells 1982 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118.827]. Indonesia [118], Palau [118], Philippines
[118]
Tubastraeafloreana Wells 1982 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118.827]
Tubastraea micrantha (Ehrenberg 1834) Tree Coral Australia [792b], British Indian Ocean Territory [672]. Cape
Verde [142], Comoros [125], Fiji [126a], India [602,659]. Indonesia [372,735a], Israel. Japan [631.869].
Madagascar [125]. Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Maldives [372,605], Mauritius [125.242],
Mozambique [125.637d], Palau [221], Philippines [126a,621], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [125.496],
Singapore [617.710.776].South A frica [637d], Taiwan [171]. Tonga [557]
Tubastraeatagusensis Wells 1982 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [118.827], India [1 18], Kuwait [35 1a], Palau [118]
Turbinaria Oken 1815 Il B -
Vase Coral
(Red Sea [661], Persian Gulf, East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to Arabian Gulf [95], Gulf of
Kutch and Andaman and Nicobar Islands; south to Madagascar and south-western tip of Australia [31]. South-east
Asia. Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan [231], Marshall Islands and Phoenix Islands; south to Lord Howe
Island and Kermadec Islands [761]; east to Tubuai Islands [244])
Countries listed without reference numbers are within the distribution range shown in Veron [761]
American Samoa [430]; Australia [27]; Bahrain [95,677]; British Indian Ocean Territory [644,674,832]; Brunei:
China [668,894,895]; Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands [763]; Comoros; Cook Islands [485]; Djibouti
[298]; Egypt [661]; Ethiopia; Federated States of Micronesia [27]; Fiji [262]; French Polynesia [148,244,554];
Guam; India [598,602]; Indonesia [735a]; Iran; Israel [458.661]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya; Kiribati
[463,872a]; Kuwait [351a]; Madagascar [587,591]; Malaysia [186]: including Sabah [848]; Maldives [605,674];
Marshall Islands [465,807]; Mauritius [242,674]; Mozambique [68,845]; Myanmar [212]; Nauru; New Caledonia
[850]; New Zealand: Kermadec Islands [413]; Niue; Northern Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Papua New
Guinea; Philippines [768]; Pitcairn Islands [572]; Qatar; Réunion [69]; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles
[674,845]: Singapore [617]; Solomon Islands [796]; Somalia; South Africa [637d]; Sri Lanka [558]; Sudan [661];
Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand [186,744]; Tokelau; Tonga [27,621]; Tuvalu; United Arab Emirates
[95,677]; Vanuatu [762]; Vietnam [436]; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
Widely distributed on reefs, occurring in many habitats [242]. Several species (e.g. 7. heronensis and T. bifrons) are
common on temperate reefs, although uncommon in the tropics [761].
80 nominal species, 15 [761,766b] to 20 [151] valid species
Turbinaria auricularis Bernard 1896 Federated States of Micronesia [27], Indonesia[728], New Caledonia [482]
Turbinaria bifrons Briiggemann 1877 Australia [27], Indonesia [735a], Japan, New Caledonia [482], New Zealand:
Kermadec Is [413], Vietnam
Turbinaria brassica (Dana 1848) Fiji[27], Tonga [621]
Turbinaria brueggemanni Berard 1896 Taiwan [27]
Turbinariacalicularis Bernard 1896 Indonesia [27]
Turbinariacinerascens (Ellis & Solander 1786) Australia[709], Fiji [557], Myanmar [212], Singapore [710]
Turbinariaconspicua Bernard 1896 Australia[27]
Turbinariacontorta Bernard 1896 Japan, Palau [221], Vietnam [436]
Turbinaria crater (Pallas 1766) nomen dubium Australia [27,255], British Indian Ocean Territory [674], India
[602,659], Indonesia [25,735a,741], Madagascar [674], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Mauritius [242,674],
Myanmar [212,674], New Zealand: Kermadec Is [753], Saudi Arabia [23], Singapore [617], Tanzania [71 4a],
Thailand [701], Vietnam [436]
Turbinaria danae Bernard 1896 Australia[27,758a], Fiji [262], Singapore [27], Taiwan [27]
Turbinaria foliosa Bernard 1896
Turbinaria frondens (Dana 1848) American Samoa [430], Australia [27], Cook Islands [485], Fiji, India [599],
Indonesia [735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465], Mozambique [674], Papua New
Guinea, Philippines [768], Saudi Arabia [674], Solomon Islands [513], Taiwan [171], Thailand [674,744],
Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
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DENDROPHYLLIIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Turbinaria heronensis Wells 1958 Australia. Indonesia [735a]. Philippines [768]
Turbinariaimmersa Y abe & Sugiyama? Taiwan [171]
Turbinaria irregularis Bernard 1896 British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674]. Japan. Mauritius [27.2242.674].
Mozambique [637d.674]. Palau [221]. Philippines [768]. Reunion [69,2242]
Turbinarialaminata Bernard 1896
Turbinaria mantonae Crossland 1952 Australia[168]
Turbinariamarmorea Rehberg 1892 Federated States of Micronesia [27.631]. Maldives [605]. Palau [27.631]
Turbinaria mesenterina (Lamarck 1816) Australia [27], British Indian Ocean Territory [674], China, Djibouti
[298]. Fiji [262], French Polynesia [593]. India [602]. Indonesia[735a]. Israel [674], Japan, Madagascar [674],
Malaysia: Sabah [848]. Maldives [605]. Marshall Islands, Mauritius [27,242,674], Mozambique [63 74.674].
Papua New Guinea. Philippines [768], Réunion [69.242], Saudi Arabia [15,655]. Seychelles [674]. South
Africa [637d]. Taiwan [171]. Tanzania [470], Thailand [674.744]. Tonga [27], Vanuatu. Vietnam [436]
Turbinaria mollis Bernard 1896 India [659.674]. Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Singapore [27.617]
Turbinaria orbicularis Bernard 1896 Australia[27]
Turbinariaparvistella Kent 1871
Turbinaria patula (Dana 1848) Australia [27,255], Fiji [557], Indonesia [27,735a], Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu,
Vietnam [436]
Turbinaria peltata (Esper 1794) American Samoa [430], Australia [27.255,758a,792b], British Indian Ocean
Territory [672.674], China, Cook Islands [485], India [602,659], Indonesia [25,735a.741], Japan, Kuwait
[351a]. Madagascar [674]. Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Maldives [605], Mauritius [27,242,674]. Mozambique
[674], New Caledonia [482], Oman [675], Palau [221]. Papua New Guinea, Philippines [768], Reunion
[69.242], Saudi Arabia [23], Seychelles [674,845], Singapore [27,557,617,710], Sri Lanka [599], Taiwan
[171], Thailand [701,744], ?Tonga [27], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Turbinaria porcellanea Bernard 1896 British Indian Ocean Territory [672.674], Mauritius [?242,674]. Solomon
Islands [27]
Turbinaria pulcherrima Bernard 1896 Fiji [262], Tonga [27]
Turbinariaquincuncialis Ortmann 1889 India [599], Sri Lanka [27,558]
Turbinaria radicalis Bernard 1896 Australia [27], Indonesia [735a], New Zealand: Kermadec Is [413], Thailand,
Vietnam [436]
Turbinaria reniformis Bernard 1896 Australia [27], Cocos (Keeling) Islands [766a], Cook Islands, India [602],
Indonesia [735a], Japan, Kiribati [463], Kuwait [35la], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [535,768], Saudi
Arabia [674], Singapore, Taiwan [171], Thailand, Tonga [27], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Turbinariarugosa Berard 1896 Taiwan [27]
Turbinariaschistica Gardiner 1898 Fiji [262]
Turbinariasinensis Verrill 1866 Australia[27], Taiwan [27]
Turbinariaspeciosa Bemard 1896
Turbinaria stellulata (Lamarck 1816) Australia [27], British Indian Ocean Territory [27,644,672], Cook Islands
[485], Fiji [27,621], Indonesia [735a], Japan, Madagascar [674], Malaysia, Marshall Islands [465], New
Caledonia [482], Papua New Guinea, Philippines [535,768], Saudi Arabia [674], Thailand [674,744], Tonga
(27], Vanuatu, Vietnam [436]
Turbinariatayamai Y abe & Sugiyama?
Turbinariatubifera Bernard 1896 New Caledonia [482], Taiwan [27]
Turbinariaundata Bemard 1896 Australia[27], India [602], New Caledonia [482]
Class: HYDROZOA
Order MILLEPORINA
Family MILLEPORIDAE Fleming 1828
Millepora Linnaeus 1758 Il B -
Fire Corals
(Atlantic; Red Sea, East and South Africa [68,329]. Indian Ocean, north to southern India and Andaman and
Nicobar Islands; south to Madagascar, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and south-western Australia. South-east Asia.
Pacific Ocean, north to southern Japan and Hawaiian Islands; south to the Great Barrier Reef of Australiaand New
Caledonia; east to Tuamotu Archipelago)
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MILLEPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
American Samoa [430]: Anguilla: Antigua and Barbuda: Aruba [797]: Australia [770]; Bahamas [690]: Barbados:
Belize [102]: Bermuda [191.381]: Brazil [420]: British Indian Ocean Territory [644.674.832]: British Virgin Islands
[214]: Brunei: Cape Verde [142]: Cayman Islands [250]: China [668.894.895]: Christmas Island: Cocos (Keeling)
Islands [763.806]: Colombia [235.615]: Comoros: Cook Islands: Costa Rica [158]; Cuba [416,889]; Djibouti [298]:
Dominica; Dominican Republic: Ecuador: Egypt [661]; Ethiopia: Federated States of Micronesia: Fiji [621]; French
Polynesia [148.244]: Grenada: Guadeloupe: Guam: Haiti [776]: Honduras [250]: India [598.602]: Indonesia [735a]:
Israel [458.661]: Jamaica [833]; Japan [765]; Jordan [661]; Kenya [329]; Kiribati [463]; Madagascar [587.591];
Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [585.848]: Maldives [674]: Marshall Islands [465.807]; Martinique [70];
Mauritius [242]; Mexico [375a.381]: Montserrat: Mozambique [68]; Myanmar; Nauru; Netherlands Antilles [653]:
New Caledonia [850]; Nicaragua: Niue; Northern Marianas; Oman [675]; Palau [221]; Panama [608]; Papua New
Guinea; Philippines [621,768]: Puerto Rico [746]; Réunion [69a]; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia [639]: Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines; Samoa; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [674.845]: Singapore [617]: Solomon Islands
[513]: Somalia: South Africa [637d]; Sri Lanka [634]; Sudan [661]; Taiwan [171]; Tanzania [329]; Thailand
[186.744]: Tokelau: Tonga [340]: Trinidad and Tobago: Turks and Caicos; Tuvalu [835]; United Arab Emirates
[95.677]; United States: Florida [847], Hawaiian Islands [847]; United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll
[467]; Vanuatu [762]; Venezuela [776]; Vietnam [436]; Virgin Islands of the United States [640a]; Wallis and
Futuna Islands; Yemen
A common and widespread coral. occurring in a wide range of reef habitats [691.847].
At least 48 nominal species; unknown number of valid species
Millepora alcicornis Linnaeus 1758 Finger Coral, Ginger Coral American Samoa [359], Aruba [797], Bahamas
[690], Belize [102], Bermuda [191,621,787], Brazil [779,787,797], British Virgin Islands Cape Verde
[40,142], Cayman Islands [250], Colombia [235], Cuba [416], Haiti [776], Honduras [250], Martinique [70],
Mexico [375a], Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama, Puerto Rico [10a,746], Tonga [340], United States [797].
Venezuela [14], Virgin Islands of the United States [621] = M. tenera [430]
Millepora boschmai de Weerdt & Glynn 1991 Panama [365,799]
Millepora braziliensis Verrill 1868 Brazil [50,779,787]
Millepora complanata Lamarck 1816 Bahamas [690], Belize [102], British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands (250),
Colombia [235], Cuba [416]. Honduras [250], Martinique [70], Netherlands Antilles [653], Panama, Puerto
Rico [10a], United States, Venezuela [14]
Milleporacruzi Nemenzo 1975
Millepora dichotoma Forskal 1775 China, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [754], Djibouti [298], Indonesia [735a], Israel
[55c], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242], Papua New Guinea, Saudi Arabia [15,655], Sri Lanka [634],
Taiwan [171], Tanzania [714a], Vanuatu [19a], Vietnam [436]
Millepora exaesa Forskal 1775 Australia [792b], Brunei, China, Fiji [621], French Polynesia (621], Indonesia
[735a], Japan, Malaysia: Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465], Mauritius [242], Mozambique [637d], Palau
[221], Philippines [621], Réunion [69], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles, South Africa [637d], Thailand [701 It
Tuvalu [835]
Millepora fasciculata Lamarck 1816
Millepora intricata Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 Indonesia [621,735Sa], Japan, Kenya (329], Mauritius [242],
Philippines [776], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [329]
Millepora latifolia Boschma 1948 China, Indonesia [735a]
Millepora murrayi Quelch 1884 Australia [340], Philippines [44,621], Taiwan [171], Tonga [44]
Milleporanitida Verrill 1868 Brazil [50,779,787]
Millepora platyphylla Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 American Samoa [359,430], British Indian Ocean Territory
[644,672], Brunei, China, Cocos (Keeling) Islands [754], French Polynesia [148], Indonesia [735a], Israel,
Japan [869], Kenya [329], Kiribati [463,754], Malaysia: Peninsular [36], Sabah [848], Marshall Islands [465],
Mauritius [242], Papua New Guinea, Réunion [69,69a,242], Saudi Arabia [15], Seychelles [845], Singapore
[617], Solomon Islands [513], Taiwan [171], Tanzania [329,714a], Thailand [701], Tuvalu (835], Vanuatu
[19a], Vietnam [436]
Millepora plicata Esper 1794 Indonesia[340], United States [611]
Millepora pumila Dana 1848 Venezuela[776]
Milleporaramosa Pallas 1766 Bermuda [621]+
Millepora squarrosa Lamarck 1816 Brazil [50], British Virgin Islands, Colombia [235], Cuba [416], Martinique
[70], Mexico [375a], Netherlands Antilles [653], Puerto Rico [10a,797], Tuvalu [835], Venezuela [14]
Millepora striata Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 Guadeloupe [797], Venezuela [797]
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MILLEPORIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Millepora tenera Boschma 1949 American Samoa [430], Australia [792b]. British Indian Ocean Terntor
[644.672]. China. Fiji. Indonesia [735a]. Japan [869]. Kenya [329]. Malaysia: Peninsular [36]. Mauritius
[242]. Palau [221]. Papua New Guinea. Réunion [69]. Seychelles [845], Taiwan [171]. Tanzania [329.714a].
Tuvalu [835]. United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [467]
Milleporatuberosa Boschma 1966 Indonesia[735a]. Mauritius [61.242]. Taiwan [171]
Milleporaxishaensis Zou 1978 China
Order STYLASTERINA
Family STYLASTERIDAE Gray 1847
Adelopora Caims 1982 II B -
(Subantarctic: off Brazil: South Pacific seamounts, seamounts and ridges between New Zealand and New
Caledonia; Lord Howe seamount chain. 282-1.169 m)
Australia: Brazil: Chile [105]: New Caledonia: New Zealand
1 species recognized by Cairns [105] and 3 described subsequently [27]
Adeloporacrassilabrum Caims 1991
Adelopora fragilis Cais 1991
Adelopora moseleyi Caims 1991
Adelopora pseudothyron Cairns 1983 Chile [105]
Astya Stechow 1921 Il B -
(West Pacific; New Zealand. 590-914 m)
New Zealand [27]: Philippines [45,119]
1 species recognized by Cairms [105] and 1 described subsequently [27]
Astya aspidoporaCaims 1991
Astya subviridis (Moseley 1879) Philippines [45,105]
Calyptopora Boschma 1968 II B -
(New Zealand region. 216-2,010 m [27])
New Zealand [63,105]
3 species were recognized by Cairns [105]; C. pachypoma was transferred to the new genus Pseudocrypthelia [15];
C. complanata was subsequently transferred back to St/aster [110]; and 1 species described subsequently [27]
Calyptoporareticulata Boschma 1968 New Zealand [63,105]
Calyptoporasinuosa Caims 1991 New Zealand [120]
Cheiloporidion Caims 1983 II B -
(Off south-east South America. 642-1,137 m [119])
Argentina[105]; Chile [105]
1 species recognized by Caimms [105]
Cheiloporidionpulvinatum Caims 1983
Conopora Moseley 1879 I] B -
(Indo-west Pacific; Subantarctic; Antarctic. | 10-2,355 m [119])
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STYLASTERIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Australia [112]: British Indian Ocean Territory [644]: India [45]: Indonesia [735a]; Japan [45]: Mauritius [45]: New
Zealand [45]: Seychelles [45]
4 species recognized by Cairns [105] and 6 described subsequently [112.120]
Conopora adeta Caims 1987 Australia[112]
Conopora anthohelia Caims 1991
Conopora candelabrum Cais 1991
Conopora dura Hickson & England 1909 Seychelles [45]
Conopora gigantea Caims 1991
Conopora laevis (Studer 1878) ?British Indian Ocean Territory [644], India [45], ?Indonesia [45], Japan [45].
Mauritius [45], New Zealand [45,520]: incl. Kermadec Is, Seychelles [45]
Conopora major Hickson & England 1905 Indonesia[45,735a], Mauritius [45] 2=C_ verrucosa
Conopora tetrastichopora Caims 1991
Conopora unifacialis Caims 1991
Conopora verrucosa (Studer 1878) e. of New Zealand (35°21'S 175°40'E)
Crypthelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 Il B -
(Cosmopolitan 140-2,789 m [123,120])
British Indian Ocean Territory [644]; British Virgin Isiands; Cuba [613]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [111]; French
Guiana; Grenada; Guadeloupe; Indonesia [735a]; Japan [45]; Maldives [45]; Martinique: Mexico [375a]:
Montserrat; Panama [216]; Philippines [45]; Portugal: including Azores [885], Madeira [885]: Saint Kitts and Nevis
[520]; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Spain: Canary Islands [520,885]; United States [611]: Virgin
Islands of the United States
14 species recognized by Cairns [105] and 17 described subsequently [109,110,111,120,885]
Crypthelia affinis Moseley 1879 Spain: Canary Islands [45]
Crypthelia balia (Hickson & England 1905) Indonesia[45,735a]
Cryptheliaclausa Broch 1947 Maldives [45]
Cryptheliacryptotrema Zibrowius 1981
Cryptheliacurvata Caims 1991
Cryptheliacymas Cairns 1986 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [111]
Cryptheliadactvlopoma Cairms 1986 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands[1 11]
Crypthelia eueides Caims 1986 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [111]
Crypthelia floridana Caims 1986 United States
Crypthelia formosa Cais 1983
Crypthelia fragilis Cais 1983
Crypthelia gigantea Fisher 1938 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [45,111]
Crypthelia glebulenta Cairns 1986 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands[1 11]
Crypthelia glossopoma Caims 1986 French Guiana, Mexico [375a], Saint Kitts and Nevis, United States, Virgin
Islands of the United States
Crypthelia insolita Cairns 1986 Grenada, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Crypthelia japonica (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849) Japan [45,503]
Crypthelialacunosa Caims 1986 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [111]
Crypthelia medioatlantica Zibrowius & Cairns 1992 Portugal: Azores [885]
Crypthelia micropoma Caims 1985
Crypthelia papillosa Caims 1986
Crypthelia peircei Pourtalés 1867 British Virgin Islands, Cuba [45,609], Granada, Guadeloupe, Saint Lucia,
Martinique, Montserrat, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, United States [609,61 1]
Crypthelia platypoma (Hickson & England 1905) Indonesia [45,735a]
Crypthelia polypoma Caims 1991
Crypthelia pudica Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 British Virgin Islands, Indonesia [45,735a], Japan [520], New
Zealand [709]: incl. Kermadec Is [105,520], Panama [216], Philippines [45,105,503], Saint Kitts and Nevis
[520], Spain: Canary Is [520]
Cryptheliaramosa (Hickson & England 1905) British Indian Ocean Territory [45], Indonesia [45,735a]
Cryptheliarobusta Caims 1991
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STYLASTERIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Crnpthelia stenopoma (Hickson & England 1905) Ecuador [45]. Indonesia [45], Maldives [45]
Crvpthelia studeri Caims 1991
Cnpthelia tenuiseptata Cairns 1986 Grenada. Montserrat. Portugal: Azores [885], Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines
Crypthelia trophostega Fisher 1938 United States [45]
Cryptheliavascomarquesi Zibrowius & Cairns 1992 Portugal: Azores [885]. Madeira [885]. Spain: Canary Is [885]
Cyclohelia Caims 1991 I B a1
(Bering Sea. 550 m [121])
United States [121]
1 species recognized by Cais [121]
Cyclohelialamellata Caims 1991
Distichopora Lamarck 1816 II B -
(Widely distributed: western Atlantic; Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific. 1-741 m depth)
Australia [45]; ?Bahamas [45,110]; Barbados [110,612]; British Indian Ocean Territory [45.644]; British Virgin
Islands: Brunei; China [45]; Cook Islands [45]; Cuba [110,613]; Dominica; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [111,119];
Fiji [45]; French Polynesia [148]; Grenada [110]; Guadeloupe; Indonesia [735a]; Japan [45]; Kiribati [45,463]:
Malaysia: Peninsular [36]; Marshall Islands [465,807]; Martinique; Mauritius [242]; Mexico [110,375a]: Montserrat
[110]; New Caledonia [45]; Philippines [45]; Puerto Rico; ?Réunion [242]: Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines [110]; Saudi Arabia [15]; Seychelles [45]; Singapore [617]; Solomon Islands [513]; Tanzania [560]:
Tonga [45]: United States [609]: including Hawaiian Islands [100]; United States minor outlying islands: Johnston
Atoll [45]; Vanuatu [45]; Virgin Islands of the United States [45]
It may be common beneath overhangs or in caves.
16 species recognized by Cairns [105] and 6 described subsequently [110,111,120]
Distichoporaanceps Cairns 1978 United States: Hawaiian Is [100]
Distichopora anomala Caims 1986 Barbados [110], Grenada [110], Guadeloupe, Martinique, Montserrat [110],
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Distichopora barbadensis Pourtalés 1874 Barbados [110,612], Granada [110], Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
[110]
Distichopora borealis Fisher 1938 Japan [45], United States [45]
Distichopora cervina Pourtalés 1871 Dominica, Guadeloupe, Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines [110], Virgin Islands of the United States [45,110,520]
Distichopora coccinea Gray 1860 Australia [45], French Polynesia [45], Indonesia [45,735a], Kiribati [45],
Marshall Islands [45,520], New Caledonia [45]
Distichoporacontorta Pourtalés 1878 Cuba [45,110,613]
Distichopora dispar Caims 1991
Distichoporafoliacea Pourtalés 1868 Mexico [110], United States [45,110,610]
Distichopora gracilis Dana 1848 Cook Islands [45], French Polynesia [45,173]
Distichoporairregularis Moseley 1881 China [45], Philippines [45,520]
Distichoporalaevigranulosa Caims 1986 Ecuador: Galapagos[111]
Distichoporalivida Tenison-Woods 1880 Australia [45], Marshall Islands [45], Solomon Islands [45], Tonga [45},
Vanuatu [45]
Distichoporanitida Verrill 1864 Kiribati [45,852], Marshall Islands [45,776], Solomon Islands [45]
Distichoporaprofunda Hickson & England 1909 British Indian Ocean Territory [45,644]
Distichoporaprovidentiae (Hickson & England 1909) Seychelles [45]
Distichoporarosalindae Caims 1986 Mexico[110,375a]
Distichoporaserpens Broch 1942 Philippines [45]
Distichoporasulcata Pourtalés 1867 ?Bahamas [45], Cuba [45,110,609], United States [609]
Distichoporauniserialis Cairns 1986 Cuba[110]
Distichopora violacea (Pallas 1766) Australia [45,399], British Indian Ocean Territory [45,644], Brunei, Fiji [45],
French Polynesia [45,148], Indonesia [45,735a], Japan [45], Kiribati [463], Malaysia [36], Marshall Islands
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STYLASTERIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
[45.465]. Mauritius [242]. Philippines [45]. ?Reunion [242], Saudi Arabia [15.655], Seychelles, Singapore
[617]. Solomon Islands [513]. Tanzania [45]. United States minor outlying islands: Johnston Atoll [45.467]
Distichoporayucatanensis Caims 1986 Mexico [110.375a]
Errina Gray 1835 I B -
(North Atlantic. Mediterranean. off South Africa: New Zealand region; Subantarctic and Antarctic. 6-1 5772 m [27])
Antarctica: Peter Island [45]; Bahamas [110]; Barbados [110]; Cape Verde [885]: Chile [45]; China [45], Cuba
[613]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [111]: Falkland Islands [45]; Gibraltar [885]; Heard and Macdonald Islands
[45]; Italy [885]: Marshall Islands [807]: Mauritius [58]; Mexico [110,375a]; Morocco [885]; New Zealand [45:
Portugal: Azores [776.885]: South Africa [45]: Spain [885]; United States [610]
16 species recognized by Cairms (1983) [105]: 6 described subsequently and | other recognizedas valid [110,120]
Errina altispina Caims 1986 Mexico [110,375a]
Errina antarctica (Gray 1872) Chile [45], Falkland Islands [45], Heard and Macdonald Islands [45], New Zealand
[45]
Errina aspera (Linnaeus 1767) ?Cape Verde [105,885]. Gibraltar [885], Italy [885], Morocco [105], Spain [885]
Errina atlantica Hickson 1912 Portugal: Azores [45,347]
Errina bicolor Caims 1991
Errina boschmai Cairns 1983
Errina capensis Hickson 1912 South Africa [45]
Errina chathamensis Caims 1991
Errina cheilopora Caims 1983
Errina cochleata Pourtalés 1867 Bahamas [110], Barbados [110], Cuba [45,110,609], United States [610]
Errina cruenta Boschma 1968 New Zealand [63a]
Errina dabneyi (Pourtalés 1871) Portugal: Azores [45,520,776 (see 58,885)]
Errina dendyi Hickson 1912
Errina fissurata Gray 1872 Antarctica[45]
Errina gracilis Marenzeller 1903 Antarctica: Peter Island [45]
Errina kerguelensis Broch 1942
Errina laevigata Caims 1991
Errina laterorifa Eguchi 1964
Errina macrogastra Marenzeller 1904 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [45,111,216]
Errina novaezelandiae Hickson 1912 New Zealand [45]
Errina reticulata Caims 1991
Errina rubra Broch 1942 New Zealand [45]
Errina sinuosa Caims 1991
Errinopora Fisher 1931 Il B -
(Antarctic; Indian Ocean, north Pacific. 49-518 m [119])
Canada [216]; Mauritius; Russian Federation [45]; United States [45]
8 species recognized by Caims [105]
Errinoporacestoporina Cairns 1983
Errinopora cyclopora (Cairns 1983)
Errinopora latifundata Naumov 1960
Errinoporananneca Fisher 1938 United States [45]
Errinopora porifera (Naumov 1960)
Errinopora pourtalesii (Dall 1884) Canada [216], United States [45,252]
Errinoporastylifera (Broch 1935) Russian Federation [45]
Errinoporazarhyncha Fisher 1938 United States [45]
Errinopsis Broch 1951 II B -
(Off southern South America. 250-771 m [119])
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STYLASTERIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Argentina: Falkland Islands [45]
2 species recognized by Cairns [105]
Errinopsis fenestrata Caims 1983
Errinopsis reticulum Broch 1951 Argentina[105]. Falkland Islands [45]
Gyropora Boschma 1960 Il B -
South Africa [105]. 22 m [119]
1 species recognized by Cairns [105]
Gyropora africana Boschma 1960
Inferiolabiata Broch 1951 Il B -
(Subantarcticand Antarctic; New Zealand region. 87-2,100 m [27])
Argentina [45]: New Zealand [45]; Saint Helena: Tristan da Cunha [45,520]
2 species recognized by Caims [105] and | described subsequently [27]
Inferiolabiatalabiata (Moseley 1879) Argentina[45], Saint Helena [45]
Inferiolabiatalowei Caims 1983
Inferiolabiataspinosa Caims 1991
Lepidopora Pourtalés 1871 Il B -
(Worldwide, including south Pacific; South Africa; western Atlantic; New Zealand region; off Antarctica. 60-1,874
m depth [26,110,120])
Bahamas; Barbados [110]; Cuba [613]; Guadeloupe [110]; Martinique; Mauritania [885]; Morocco [885]; New
Zealand [64]; Portugal: Azores [885]; Saint Lucia [110]; South Africa [52]; United States [45]
8 species recognized by Caims (1983) [105], 7 described subsequently [109,110,120] and L. hicksoni was replaced
by L. eburnea
Lepidoporaacrolophos Caims 1983
Lepidopora biserialis Cairns 1986 Bahamas [110], Cuba [110]
Lepidoporacarinata (Pourtalés 1867) Cuba [45,110,520,609]
Lepidoporaclavigera Caims 1986 Barbados [110]
Lepidoporacryptocymas Cairns 1985
Lepidopora decipiens (Boschma 1964) Guadeloupe[110], Martinique, Saint Lucia [110]
Lepidopora dendrostylus Cairns 1991
Lepidopora diffusa (Boschma 1963) South Africa [52]
Lepidoporaeburnea (Calvet 1903) Portugal: Azores [885]
Lepidopora glabra (Pourtalés 1867) Bahamas, Cuba [45,110,611], United States [45,1 10]
Lepidopora granulosa (Cais 1983)
Lepidoporamicrostylus Caims 1991
Lepidopora polystichopora Caims 1985
Lepidoporasarmentosa (Boschma 1968) New Zealand [64]
Lepidoporasymmetrica Cairms 1991
Lepidotheca Caims 1983 Il B -
(Indo-West Pacific; Caribbean; New Zealand region; Subantarctic. 85-2,010 m [120,123])
Cuba [110]; Dominica; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [111]; Indonesia [735a]; Japan [105]; Martinique [110];
Mauritius [45]; Montserrat; New Zealand [45]; Saint Kitts and Nevis [110]
7 species recognized by Cairns [105] and 7 described subsequently [110,111,120]
151
STYLASTERIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Lepidothecaaltispina Caims 1991
Lepidotheca brochi Caims 1986 Dominica. Martinique [1 10]. Montserrat. Saint Kitts and Nevis [110]
Lepidothecacervicornis (Broch 1942) New Zealand [45]
Lepidothecachauliostvlus Caims 1991
Lepidotheca fascicularis (Cais 1983)
Lepidotheca hachijoensis (Eguchi 1968) Japan [105]
Lepidotheca horrida (Hickson & England 1905) Indonesia [45,735a]
Lepidotheca inconsuta Caims 1991
Lepidothecajaponica (Eguchi 1968) Japan [105]
Lepidothecamacropora Caims 1986 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands[111]
Lepidotheca pourtalesi Cairns 1986 Cuba [110]
Lepidothecaramosa (Hickson & England 1905) Indonesia[45,735a]
Lepidothecarobusta Caims 199]
Lepidothecatenuistylus (Broch 1942) Mauritius [45]
Paraerrina Broch 1942 II B -
(Western Indian Ocean. 238-274 m [119])
Mauritius [45,105]
1 species recognized by Caims [105]
Paraerrina decipiens Broch 1942
Phalangopora Kirkpatrick 1887 I B -
(Western Indian Ocean. 238-274 m [119])
Mauritius [45,105]
1 species recognized by Cairns [105]
Phalangoporaregularis Kirkpatrick 1887
Pliobothrus Pourtalés 1868 II B -
(North Atlantic; western Pacific. 80-1,600 m [26], 110)
Bahamas [45]; Barbados; Cuba [45]; Dominica; Faeroe Islands [110]; Guadeloupe; Iceland [885]; Indonesia [735a];
Ireland [885]; Martinique; Montserrat; Netherlands Antilles; Norway [45]; Portugal: Azores [885], ?Madeira [885]:
Puerto Rico: Mona Island [110]; Saint Kitts and Nevis: Sombrero Islands [520]; Saint Lucia; Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines [110]; United States [610]
3 species recognized by Cairns [105] and 2 described subsequently [110,885]
Pliobothrus echinatus Cairs 1986 Martinique, Puerto Rico [110], Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
[110]
Pliobothrus gracilis Zibrowius & Cais 1992 Hyéres Seamount [885]
Pliobothrus spinosa (Hickson & England 1905) Indonesia [45,735a]
Pliobothrus symmetricus Pourtalés 1868 Bahamas [45], Barbados, Dominica, Faeroe Islands [110,885],
Guadeloupe, Iceland [110], Ireland [885], Martinique, Montserrat, Norway [45], Puerto Rico [105], Portugal:
Azores [110], 7Madeira [885], Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, United States [45,610,885]
Pliobothrus tubulatus (Pourtalés 1867) Cuba [45,520,609], Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and
Nevis [520, see 885], United States [613]
Pseudocrypthelia Caims 1983 Il B -
(West Pacific. 1,089 m [106])
Indonesia [106,735a]
STYLASTERIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
] species recognized by Cairns [106]
Pseudocryptheliapachy.poma (Hickson & England 1905)
Sporadopora Moseley 1879 Il B -
(New Zealand region: Subantarctic South America. 122-1.498 m [120,123])
Argentina [45]: Falkland Islands [105]; New Zealand [45]: South Georgia [105]: Uruguay [105]
2 species recognized by Caims [105] and | described subsequently
Sporadopora dichotoma (Moseley 1876) Argentina [45], Falkland Islands [105], South Georgia [105]. Uruguay
[105]
Sporadoporamicropoma Caims 1991
Sporadoporamortenseni Broch 1942 New Zealand [45]
Stellapora Caims 1983 II B -
(Off south-east South America. 205-1,647 m [119])
Argentina [45]; Uruguay [105]
1 species recognized by Cairns [105]
Stellaporaechinata (Moseley 1879)
Stenohelia Kent 1870 II B -
(West Pacific; Antipodes; North Atlantic. 91-2,021 m [110])
Barbados [110]; Cape Verde [885]; Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [111,216]; Grenada [110]; Guadeloupe [110]:
Indonesia [735a]; Japan [45]; Martinique [110]; Mauritius [45]; Montserrat [110]; New Zealand: Kermadec Islands
[45]; Portugal: Madeira [885]; Puerto Rico [110]; Saint Lucia [110]; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [110]:
Suriname [110]; Virgin Islands of the United States [110]
10 species recognized by Cairns [105] and 1 described subsequently [110]
Stenoheliaconcinna Boschma 1964 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands[54,111]
Stenoheliaconferta Boschma 1968 New Zealand [64a]
Stenoheliaechinata Eguchi 1968
Stenohelia maderensis (Johnson 1862) Cape Verde [45,399], Portugal: Madeira [45]
Stenohelia minima (Hickson & England 1905) Indonesia[45,735a], Mauritius [45]
Stenohelia pauciseptata Caims 1986 Saint Lucia [110]
Stenohelia profunda Moseley 1881 Barbados [110], Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [216], Grenada [110], Guadeloupe
[110], Martinique [110], Montserrat [110], New Zealand: Kermadec Islands [45,520], Puerto Rico [110], Saint
Lucia [110], Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [110], Suriname [110], Virgin Islands of the United States
[110,520]
Stenoheliarobusta Boschma 1964 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [111]
Stenoheliatiliata (Hickson & England 1905) Indonesia [45,54,735a], Philippines [349]
Stenoheliaumbonata (Hickson & England 1905) Indonesia [45,735a]
Stenoheliayabei (Eguchi 1941) Japan [45]
Stylantheca Fisher 1931 II B -
(North-east Pacific 0-18 m [119])
United States [45]
3 species recognized by Caims [105]
Stylantheca papillosa (Dall 1884) United States [45]
STYLASTERIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Snlantheca petrograpta(Fisher 1938) United States [45]
Snlantheca porphvra Fisher 1931 United States [45.252]
Stylaster Gray 1831 Il B -
(Worldwide, extending to the Arctic and Antarctic [30] 0.5-1.440 m)
Anguilla [45]: Argentina [45]; Aruba [520]: Australia [45]: Bahamas [110]: Barbados [612]: Belize [110]; Benin
[45]: Brazil [110]: British Virgin Islands [110]; Cameroon [45]: Canada [45]; Cayman Islands [250]; Colombia:
Costa Rica [110]: Cuba [110.416.613]: Dominica [110]: Dominican Republic [110]; Ecuador [45] incl. Galapagos
Islands [111]; Faeroes [885]; Federated States of Micronesia [45]: Fiji [45]; French Polynesia [45]; Greenland
[110.885]; Grenada [110]: Guadeloupe: Haiti [110]: Honduras [250]: Iceland [110.885]: Indonesia [735a]; Jamaica
[110]; Japan [45]: Kiribati [45,463]; Malaysia: Sabah [848]: Marshall Islands [465.807]: Martinique [70]: Mauritius
[45]; Mexico [110.375a]: Morocco [885]: Netherlands Antilles [110.653]; New Caledonia [67]; New Zealand:
Kermadec Islands [45.520]; Norway [885]: Oman [651a]: Palau [45]; Panama [110]; Papua New Guinea [709];
Philippines [45]: Puerto Rico [110]; Réunion [45]: Russian Federation [45]: Saint Kitts and Nevis [110]; Saint Lucia
[110]; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [110]; Samoa [45]; Sao Tome & Principe [45]; Solomon Islands [513];
South Africa [845]; Spain [885]; Tanzania [45]; United Kingdom [885], United States [110,776]; Virgin Islands of
the United States
60 species were recognized by Cairns [105]; 13 were described subsequently [110,111,114,120,885].S. echinatus
Broch 1936 was synonymized but S. atlanticus was validated and S. complanatus was transferred from Ca/yptopora
[110]
Stylaster alaskanus Fisher 1938 United States [45]
Stylaster amphiheloides Kent 1871 Indonesia [45,735a], South A frica [45,399]
Stylaster antillarum Zibrowius & Cairns 1982 Grenada, Martinique, Puerto Rico [110], Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent
and the Grenadines [110]
Stylaster asper Kent 1871 Marshall Islands [45], Mauritius [45]
Stylaster atlanticus Broch 1936 Puerto Rico [110]
Stylaster aurantiacus Cairns 1986 Cuba [110]
Stylaster bellus (Dana 1848) French Polynesia [45], Indonesia [45,735a]
Stylaster bilobatus Hickson & England 1905 Indonesia[45,735a]
Stylaster bithalamus Broch 1936 South Africa [45]
Stylaster blatteus (Boschma 1961) Sao Tome and Principe [49a,885]
Stylaster bocki Broch 1936 Kiribati [45]
Stylaster boreopacificus Broch 1932 Japan [45]
Stylaster boschmai (Eguchi 1965)
Stylaster brochi (Fisher 1938) United States [45]
Stylaster brunneus Boschma 1970 New Caledonia [67]
Stylaster californicus (Verrill 1866) Mexico [375a,78 1], United States [252]
Stylaster campylecus (Fisher 1938) United States [45]
Stylaster cancellatus Fisher 1938 United States [45]
Stylaster carinatus Broch 1936 Japan [45]
Stylaster complanatus Pourtalés 1867 Bahamas [110], British Virgin Islands [110], Cuba [45,110,609,613],
Indonesia [735a], Mexico [110,375a], United States [110]
Stylaster corallium Cairns 1986 Barbados [110], Dominica [110], Grenada [110], Martinique [110], Saint Lucia
[110]
Stylaster crassior Broch 1936 Mauritius [45]
Stylaster densicaulis Moseley 1879 Argentina [45,520], Indonesia [45,735a]
Stylaster dentatus Broch 1936 Japan [45]
Stylaster divergens Marenzeller 1904 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [45,111,216]
Stylaster duchassaingii Pourtalés 1867 Bahamas [110], Barbados [110], Brazil [45,520], Cuba [110], Grenada,
Guadeloupe [609], Indonesia [45,735a], Jamaica, Marshall islands [45,776], Martinique, ?Mauritius [45],
Mexico [110,375a], Philippines [45], Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,
Virgin Islands of the United States
Stylaster eguchii (Boschma 1966)
Stylaster elassotomus Fisher 1938 United States [45]
154
STYLASTERIDAE CITES EC Reg. RL
Snvlaster erubescens Pourtalés 1868 Bahamas [110]. Greenland [110]. Iceland [110]. Mexico [110.375a], New
Zealand: Kermadec Islands [520]. United Kingdom [885]. United States [45.110.610]
Stylaster filogranus Pourtalés 1871 ?Bahamas [45]. Cuba [45.613]. United States [45.110.611]
Stvlaster flabelliformis (Lamarck 1816) Mauritius [45.503], Papua New Guinea [520,709], ?Philippines [45].
Réunion [45]
Stylaster galapagensis Cairns 1986 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [111]
Stlaster gemmascens (Esper 1797) Indonesia[735a]. Japan [735a]. Norway [520]
Stylaster gracilis Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 Australia [45,503,716], Japan [45], New Zealand: Kermadec
Islands [45.520], Philippines [45.520]
Stylaster granulosus Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 ?Australia [45.503 but see 716]
Solaster hattorii (Eguchi 1968)
Stylaster horologium Caims 1991
Snvlaster ibericus Zibrowius & Caims 1992 Spain [885]
Stylaster imbricatus Caims 1991
Snylaster incompletus (Tenison-Woods 1883) Australia [45]
Stylaster inornatus Cairns 1986 Mexico [110.375a]
Stylaster laevigatus Cairns 1986 Bahamas [110], Cuba [110], Mexico [1 10,375a], United States [110]
Stvlaster lonchitis Broch 1947 Tanzania [45]
Stvlaster marenzelleriCairns 1986 Ecuador: Galapagos Islands [111]
Stvlaster maroccanus Zibrowius & Caims 1992 Morocco [885]
Stylaster marshae Caims 1988
Stylaster microstriatus Broch 1936 Japan [45]
Stylaster milleri Durham 1942
Stylaster miniatus (Pourtalés 1868) Cuba [110], United States [45,110,610]
Stvlaster moseleyanus (Fisher 1938) United States [45]
Stylaster multiplex Hickson & England 1905 Indonesia[45,735a]
Soylaster nobilis (Kent 1871) South Africa [45,845]
Stylaster norvegicus (Gunnerus 1768) Faeroes [885], Iceland [885], Norway [45], United Kingdom [885]
Stylaster papuensis Zibrowius 1981
Stylaster polymorphus Broch 1936
Stylaster polyorchis (Fisher 1938) United States [45]
Stylaster profundiporus Broch 1936 Japan [45]
Stylaster profundus (Moseley 1879) Argentina [45,520]
Stylaster pulcher Quelch 1884 Japan [45,618]
Stylaster punctatus Pourtalés 1871 Barbados [45,612], Cuba [45], United States [45,611]
Stylaster purpuratus (Naumov 1960)
Stylaster ramosus Broch 1947 Tanzania [45]
Stylaster robustus (Caims 1983)
Stylaster rosaceus (Greeff 1886) Sao Tome and Principe [45,885]
Stylaster roseus (Pallas 1766) Anguilla [45], Aruba [520], Australia [45], Bahamas [110], Belize [102,110], Brazil
[110], Cayman Islands [250], Colombia, Costa Rica [110], Cuba [45,110,416], Dominica [110], Federated
States of Micronesia [45], Fiji [45], Grenada, Guadeloupe, Haiti [110], Honduras [250], Jamaica [110],
Marshall Islands [45], Martinique [70], Mexico [110,375a], Netherlands Antilles [110,653], New Zealand
[45], Palau [45], Panama [110], Puerto Rico [110], Saint Vincent and the Grenadines [157], Solomon Islands
[513], United States [776]
Stylaster sanguineus Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 Australia [503,520,716], New Zealand [520], Samoa [45,776],
United States [520]
Stylaster scabiosus Broch 1935 Russian Federation [45]
Stylaster solidus Broch 1935 Russian Federation [45]
Stylaster spatula Cairns 1986 Puerto Rico [110]
Stylaster stejnegeri (Fisher 1938) United States [45]
Stylaster stellulatus Stewart 1878 French Polynesia [45]
Stylaster subviolaceus (Kent 1871) Benin [45], Cameroon [45], Sao Tome and Principe [45], South Africa [45]
Stylaster tenisonwoodsi Cais 1988
Stylaster venustus (Verrill 1870) Canada [45], United States [45,252,781]
Stylaster verrillii (Dall 1884) Canada [45], United States [45]
155
STYLASTERIDAE CITES
Systemopora Caims 1991 18
New Zealand [27]
| species recognized by Caims [27]
Systemopora ornata Caims 199]
156
EC Reg.
RL
REFERENCES
This list contains a large number of taxonomic references. including those containing the type descriptions of
virtually all the genera and species listed above. It also contains many references relating to the distribution and
status of the listed taxa.
a
nw
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Cyathoceras tydemani, Deltocyathus fragilis, D. lens, D. 19a.
suluensis, Dendrophyllia amphihelioides. D. florulenta. D.
pusilla, Desmophyllum alabastrum. Discotrochus dentatus. 20
Endopachys weberi. Endopsammia poculum. Flabellum dens. F. ~~
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Rhodopsammia cornicularis. Sabinotrochus bipatella, S.
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157
16a.
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Guangdong Province. China. 1. A new genus and two new
species of Siderastreidae.] Studia Mar. Sin. 10: 6-64. (In
Chinese.) [Xishasiderastrea. X. granulata}
Zou Ren-lin. 1978. [A preliminary analysis of the community
structure of the hermatypic corals of the Xisha Islands. Guanding
Province. China.] Pp 125-132 in [The collection of research
reports of ocean organisms in the oceanic regions of Zhongsha
and Xisha Islands.] Academia Sinica. South China Sea Institute
of Oceanology. (In Chinese.) [Millepora xishaensis}
Zou Ren-lin. 1980. [Studies on the corals of the Xisha Islands.
Guangdong Province. China. 4. Two new hermatypic
scleractinian corals.] Nanhai Stud. Mar. Sin. 1: 113-118. (In
Chinese.) [4/veopora polyformis. Cy;phastrea =hongyianensis]
Zou Ren-lin. 1984. [Studies on the deep-water Scleractinia from
the South China Sea. 1. A nomen novum and a new species of
Caryophyllia.| Tropical Oceanology: 3(3): 51-54. (In Chinese.)
[C. zanzibarensis]
Zou Ren-lin. 1988. [Studies on the deep-water Scleractinia from
the South China Sea. 2. Record and narration of species as well
as time-spatial distributional characteristics.] Tropical
Oceanology 7(1) : 74-83. (In Chinese.)
Zou Ren-lin. Meng Zhimin and Guan Xilian 1983. [Ecological
analyses of hermatypic corals from the northem shelf of the
South China Sea.] Tropical Oceanology 2(3): 1-6. (In Chinese.)
Zou Ren-lin. Meng Zhimin and Guan Xilian 1988. [Ecological
analyses of deep sea scleractinians on the continental shelf of the
northerm South China Sea.] Se/ected Oceanic Works 1: 193-199.
(In Chinese.)
Zou Ren-lin, Song Shan-wen and Ma Jiang-hu. 1975a. [Reef-
building corals of shallow waters of Hainan Island.) Peking
Science Press, Peking. (In Chinese.) [Anacropora tapera.
Goniopora wotouensis]
Zou Ren-lin. Song Shan-wen and Ma Jiang-hu. 1975b. [Two new
species of scleractinians along the coast of Guangdong Province
and Guangxi Zhuangzy Autonomous Region.] Acta Zoologica
Sinica 21: 241-242. (In Chinese.)
Zou Ren-lin and Zhou Jin-ming. 1982. [Studies on the
antipatharians of China. 1. The genus Cirrhipathes with the
description of a new species.] Tropical Oceanology 1: 92-91. (In
Chinese.)
Zou Ren-lin and Zhou Jin-ming. 1984. Antipatharians from
Hong Kong waters with a description of a new species. 4sian
Marine Biology 1: 101-105. [Cirrhipathes sinensis]
INDEX AND SYNONYMY
No standard reference to coral nomenclature exists and the validity of many names is unknown or in doubt. This list forms the basis for a
complete listing of all described recent (i.e. excluding fossil) species in the relevant taxa. '= ?' indicates names. the synonymy of which has not
been determined. Some of these are followed by countries of distribution and references (in square brackets). Names in bold are those which
have been checked in the publications in which they were originally described to confirm the correct orthography
Because of the large number of synonyms included in the list only accepted generic names have been indexed. To find an accepted species (in a
larger font than the synonyms) in the checklist the (approximate) page number can be found by locating the appropriate genus in the index
abacus, Porites compressa forma Vaughan 1907 = P. compressa acuticarinata, Coscinaraea Uimbgrove 1940 = Pavona acuticarinata
abbreviata, Madrepora spicifera var. Dana 1848 = Acropora spicifera acuticarinata, Pavona (Umbgrove 1940)
abdita, Favites (Ellis & Solander 1786)
abdita, Heliastrea Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 =? Virgin Islands
of the United States [196]
abdita, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Favites abdita [839]
abdita, Prionastrea (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Favites abdita
abies, Antipathes (Linnaeus 1758)
abies, Gorgonia Linnaeus 1758 = Antipathes abies
abietina, Antipathes Pourtales 1874 = Aphanipathes abietina
abietina. Aphanipathes (Pourtalés 1874)
abietina. Parantipathes (Pourtalés 1874) = Aphanipathes abietina
abnormalis, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 =? Australia
abrolhosensis. Acropora Veron 1985
abrotanoides. Acropora (Lamarck 1816) = 4. danai [637c.674]
abrotanoides, Heteropora Ehrenberg 1834 = Acropora humilis
acuticollis, Favites (Ortmann 1889)
acuticollis, Prionastraea Ortmann 1889 = Favites acuticollis
acutidens, Fungia Studer 1878 = F. horrida [354]
adduensis, Favia Gardiner 1904 = Favites pentagona [839]
Adelopora Caims 1982 147
adeta. Conopora Caims 1987
adminicularis, Amphihelia Rehberg 1892 = Enallopsammia rostrata
{123]
adrianae, Fungia van der Horst 1921 = Fungia cvclolites [354]
aenea. Antipathes (Linnaeus 1758) = A. abies
aenea, Antipathes G. von Koch 1889 = A. dichotoma
aenea. Gorgonia Linnaeus 1758 = Antipathes abies
aenigmatica, Montipora Bernard 1897 =?
aequalis, Galaxea Bassett-Smith 1890 = ?
abrotanoides, Madrepora Audouin 1826 = Montipora circumvallata/M. aequalis, Turbinaria Quelch 1886 =? Australia [621]
cristagalli [506]
abrotanoides, Madrepora Lamarck 1816 = Acropora danai
abrotanoides. Montipora (Audouin 1826) = M/. circumvallata [674|
abyssicola, Stichopathes Roule 1902
abyssorum, Astraea Moseley 1881 =? Indonesia [520]
abyssorum, Caryophyllia Duncan 1873
Acanthastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
Acanthelia Wells 1937 = Echinopora
acanthella, Montipora Bernard 1897 =?
Acanthocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Caryophyllia
Acanthophyllia Wells 1937 = Cynarina [33]
Acanthopora Verrill 1864 = Echinopora
acerosa, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = ?
acervata, Acropora (Dana 1848)
85
aequicostatus, Heterocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
aequilamellosus, Paracyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = P
pulchellus [190]
aequinoxialis, Dichocoenia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = D
stokesii [889]
aequiserialis, Coenopsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =
Tubastraea micrantha [126a]
aequituberculata, Montipora Bernard 1897
affine, Flabellum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= Truncatoflabellum spheniscus [123]
affinis. Acropora (Brook 1893) =?
affinis. Astraea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850) = Favia affinis
affinis. Balanophyllia (Semper 1872) = B. stimpsonii [123]
affinis. Bathypathes (Brook 1889) = Schizopathes affinis
acervata, Madrepora Dana 1848 = [Acropora humilis [807]\/Acropora affinis, Coenopsammia (Duncan 1889) = Tubastraea coccinea
acervata
acetabulum, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = ?
Acrhelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849
acrolophos, Lepidopora Caims 1983
Acropora Oken 1815 4)
acropora, Heliastrea (Linnaeus 1767) = Montastrea annularis [102]
acropora, Madrepora Linnaeus 1767 = Montastrea annularis
acropora, Orbicella (Linnaeus 1767) = Montastrea annularis
Acroporidae Verrill 1901 41
Actinastrea d'Orbigny 1849 36
79
affinis. Crypthelia Moseley 1879
affinis, Dendrophyllia Duncan 1889 = Tubastraea coccinea
affinis, Favia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850)
affinis, Lophohelia Pourtalés 1868 = Lophelia pertusa [881]
affinis, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora florida [792]
affinis, Parastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Favia favus [839]
affinis, Rhizotrochus Duncan 1873 = Monomyces pygmaea [881]
affinis. Rhodopsammia Semper 1872 = Balanophyllia stimpsonii [126a]
affinis, Schizopathes Brook 1889
African Pillow Coral 62
actiniformis, Fungia Quoy & Gaimard 1833 = Heliofungia actiniformis africana, Acropora (Brook 1893) = A. tenuis [674]
actiniformis, Heliofungia (Quoy & Gaimard 1833)
aculeata, Antipathes (Brook 1889)
aculeata, Arachnopathes Brook 1889 = Antipathes aculeata
aculeata, Seriatopora Quelch 1886 =? Indonesia [621]
aculeatum, Flabellum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= Truncatoflabellum aculeatum [116]
aculeatum, Truncatoflabellum (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
aculeus, Acropora (Dana 1848)
aculeus, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora aculeus [637¢]}
acuminata, Acropora (Verrill 1864)
acuminata, Madrepora Verrill 1864 = Acropora acuminata
acuta, Goniastraea halicora var. Kiunzinger 1879 = Favia vasta
[255]/Favites virens
acuta, Pocillopora Lamarck 1816 = P. damicornis [674]
acuta, Symphyllia Quelch 1886 = S. agaricia [484]
acutata, Montipora Bemard 1897
africana, Gyropora Boschma 1960
africana, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora tenuis [637c]
africana, Oculina Thiel 1928 = Schizoculina africana
africana, Schizoculina (Thiel 1928)
africanus, Paracyathus Duncan 1878 =? Tunisia [207]
agaricia, Symphyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849
agaricia, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 =? Australia
Agaricia Lamarck 1801
Agariciella Ma 1937 = Gardineroseris
agariciformis, Fungia Lamarck 1801 = F. fungites [674]
agariciformis, Millepora Lamarck 1816 =?
Agariciidae Gray 1847
agaricites, Agaricia (Linnaeus 1758)
agaricites, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = Agaricia agaricites [690]
agaricites, Mycedia Dana 1848 = ?
63
63
187
agaricus, Porites Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = P. astreoides
[889]
agassizi. Cyphastrea (Vaughan 1907)
agassizi, Leptastrea Vaughan 1907 = [L. bortae [844] //Cyphastrea
agassizi [768]
agassizi, Paracyathus Duncan 1873 =?
agassizi, Prionastraea Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Diploria
clivosa [889]
agassizi, Deltocyathus Pourtalés 1867
Abveopora Blainville 1830 34
amakusensis, Acanthastrea Veron 1990
amaranthus. ? O. F. Miller 1775 = Colpophvilia amaranthus
amaranthus. Colpophyllia (O. F. Miiller 1775)
amaranthus. Colpophvilia natans forma (Dana 1848) = C. amaranthus
amaranthus, \fadrepora Houttuyn 1772
amarantum, Manicina Dana 1848 = Traciyphyllia amarantum [784)/
Trachyphyllia geoffroyi
amarantum, Trachyphyllia (Dana 1848) = Trachyphyllia geoffrovi
agassizii. Maeandra (Milne Edwards & Haime 1857) = Diploria clrvosaambigua, Madrepora Brook 1892 =? Australia [86.87]
Agelecyathus Duncan 1876 = Polycyathus
aggregata. Cirrhipathes van Pesch 1914
aglae, Symphyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = /sophyi
sinuosa [889]
aiharai, Caulastrea Yabe & Sugivama 1936 = ?C. echinw:.. .. ,»
aithoseptatus, Trochocyathus Cairns 1984
akajimensis, Acropora Veron 1990
alabastrum, Desmophyllum Alcock 1902
= Placotrochides alabastrum
alabastrum. Flabellum Moseley 1876
alabastrum. Placotrochides (Alcock 1902)
alaskanus, Stylaster gemmaceus Fisher 1938 = S. alaskanus
alaskanus. Snlaster Fisher 1938
alaskensis. Caryophyllia Vaughan 1941
alata, Antipathes (Brook 1889)
alata, Aphanipathes Brook 1889 = Antipathes alata
Alatotrochus Cairns 1994
albatrossi, Sympodangia Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
alberti, Caryophyllia Zibrowius 1980
albitentaculata, Ctenactis Hoeksema 1989
alcalai. Alveopora ? ? = A. spongiosa
alces, Acropora (Dana 1848)
alces, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora alces
alcicornis, Millepora Linnaeus 1758
alcicornis, Montipora Bernard 1897 = ? Tonga [28]
alcicornis. Pectinia (Kent 1871)
alcicornis, Tridacophyllia Kent 1871 = Pectinia alcicornis
alcocki, Caryophyllia Vaughan 1907 = C. atlantica
alcocki, Dendrophyllia (Wells 1954)
alcocki, Madrepora Faustino 1927 = Madrepora oculata [126a]
alcocki, Sclerhelia Wells 1954 = Dendrophyllia alcocki [880]
alcocki, Stichopathes Forster Cooper 1909
aleuticus, Fungiacyathus Keller 1976 = F. symmetricus
aliciae. Mycetophyllia Wells 1973
allingi, Alveopora Hoffmeister 1925
alliomorpha, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora appressa [788]
allnurti, Distichopora Wright 1882 = D. nitida [105]
Allopathes Opresko & Cairns 1994 30
alopecuroides, Antipathes Ellis & Solander 1786 =? United States
[234]
alta, Fungia Nemenzo 1983 = F. gravis [354)/ F. paumotensis [768]
alta, Galaxea Nemenzo 1980
alta, Oulastrea Nemenzo ? = O. crispa [79]
altasepta, Montipora Nemenzo 1967
alternans, Foveolocyathus (Caims & Parker 1992)
alternans, Trematotrochus Caims & Parker 1992 = Foveolocyathus
alternans (123b]
alternata, Bathypathes Brook 1889
alternata, Dendrophyllia Pourtalés 1880
alternatus, Heterocyathus Verrill 1865
alticostata, Eusmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = E. fastigiata
[889]
altispina, Errina Cairns 1986
altispina, Lepidotheca Caims 1991
alveolata. Acropora pulchra var. (Brook 1893) = A. pulchra [792]
alveolata, Madrepora pulchra var. Brook 1893 = A. pulchra [792]
alveolata, Porites Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = P. solida [674]
alveolus, Meandrina (Duncan 1863)
alveolus, Placotrochus Duncan 1863 = Meandrina alveolus [116]
alveopora, Montipora Bernard 1897
39]
11]
ambigua, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = ?
ambigua, Montipora Bernard 1897 = ? Australia [28]
amblyclados, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora acervata [788]
amboinensis. Astraea Quoy & Gaimard 1833 =?
ambrosia. Carvophyllia Alcock 1898
americana, Antipathes Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860
americana, Phyllangia Milne Edwards & Haime 1850
amicorum, Barabattoia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
amicorum, Favia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
= Barabattoia amicorum
amicorum, Parastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Barabattoia
amicorum [839]
amitoriensis, Leptoseris Veron 1990
amoena. Errina Boschma 1956 = E. dabneyi [105]
amoena, Rhodopsammia Semper 1872 = Balanophyllia carinata [126a]
Amphelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 80
amphelioides, Anisopsammia (Alcock 1902) = Enallopsammia rostrata
[875]
amphelioides, Dendrophyllia Alcock 1902 = Enallopsammia
rostrata [151]
amphelioides. Enallopsammia (Alcock 1902) = E. rostrata [123]
Amphihelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Amphelia
amphiheloides, Stylaster Kent 1871
ampla, Herpetolitha Verrill 1864 = Herpolitha limax [354]
amplectens, Montipora Bernard 1897 = ? China [28]
ampliata, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Merulina ampliata
ampliata, Merulina (Ellis & Solander 1786)
amplior, Parastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Favia pallida
[839]
amplispina, Schizopathes Opresko 1997
Anacropora Ridley 1884 48
ananas, Astraea Quoy & Gaimard 1833 = Barabattoia amicorum [839]
ananas, Astrea Lamarck 1816 =? Brazil [213]
ananas, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = ? United States [611]
ananas. Parastrea (Lamarck 1816) =?
anastomozans, ? de Haan 1834 = Dendrophyllia anastomozans
anastomozans, Dendrophyllia (de Haan 1834)
anceps, Distichopora Caims 1978
Anchor Coral
ancora, Euphyllia Veron & Pichon 1980
andamanensis, Polycyathus Alcock 1893
andamanicus, Deltocyathus Alcock 1898
andersoni, Paracyathus Duncan 1889
andreossyi, Pocillopora Audouin & Savigny 1828 = Stylophora
digitata [503.621)/S. pistillata
andrewianus, Sphenotrochus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
andrewsi, Porites Vaughan 1918 = P. cylindrica [674]
anemone, Symphyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = /sophyllia
sinuosa [889]
Angia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Culicia
angiostomum, Flabellum Folkeson 1919
anguillensis, Agaricia Vaughan 1919 = A. agaricites [889]
anguina, Antipathes Dana 1848 = Cirrhipathes anguina
anguina, Cirrhipathes (Dana 1848)
angulare, Flabellum Moseley 1876
angularis, Montipora Crossland 1952 =? Australia [168]
angularis, Pavonia Klunzinger 1879 = Pavona decussata [371]
angulata, Acropora (Quelch 1886) = A. horrida [792]
angulata, Madrepora Quelch 1886 = Acropora angulata
angulata, Montipora (Lamarck 1816)
119
188
angulata, Porites Lamarck 1816 = \fontipora angulata
angulata, Seriatopora Wiunzinger 1879 = S. Aysrrix [674.771]
angulosa. Acanthasrrea Briggemann 1879 =-4. bowerbanki [674}
angulosa, Caryophyllia Lamarck 1816 =?
angulosa. Carvop/nilia (Pallas 1766) = Mussa angulosa
angulosa. Cyathina Philippi 1842 =?
angulosa. Lobophyilia (Pallas 1766) = Mussa angulosa
angulosa, Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Mussa angulosa
angulosa, Montipora verrucosa var. Kiunzinger 1879 = \f. verrucosa
angulosa. Mussa (Pallas 1766)
angulosa, Tichoseris Ortmann 1889 = ? Sri Lanka [558]
angusta, Montipora Nemenzo 1967 = M. friabilis [768]
Antillophvilia Vaughan 1932 = Trachyphyllia
Antipathella Brook 1889 = Antipathes
Annipathes Pallas 1766
Anupathidae Gray 1842
aotearoa. Flabellum Squires 1964
apalata, Porites viridis var. Gardiner 1898 = P. lichen
aperta, ? Verrill? =?
aperta, Antipathes Totton 1923
aperta, Euphyllia Dana 1848 = Eusmilia fastigiata {784}
aperta, Heliastraea Verrill 1868 = Favia leptophvila [420]
aperta, Montastrea (Verrill 1868) = Favia leptophyila
aperta, Orbicella (Verrill 1868) = Favia leptophylla
angustisepta, Porites compressa forma Vaughan 1907 = P. compressa aperta, Physogyra Quelch 1884 = P. lichtensteini [151]
angustum. Flabellum Yabe & Eguchi 1942
angustum, Truncatoflabellum Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
Anisopsammia Marenzeller 1904 = Enallopsammia
ankeli, Pocillopora Scheer & Pillai 1974
annae, Balanophyllia van der Horst 1933 = Rhizopsammia annae [125]
annae, Porites Crossland 1952
annae, Rhizopsammia (van der Horst 1933)
annectens, Mussa Verrill 1901 = /sophyllia multiflora [484]
annularis. Astrea (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Montastraea annularis
annularis, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Montastraea annularis
[690]
annularis. Montastraea (Ellis & Solander 1786)
annularis, Montipora Bernard 1897 = ? New Guinea [28]
annularis. Orbicella (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Montastraea annularis
[690]
annulata. Guynia Duncan 1872
annulata, Seriatopora Lamarck 1816 =?
annuligera, Astrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Montastraea
annuligera
annuligera, Montastraea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850)
anomala, Distichopora Cairns 1986
Anomastraea Marenzeller 1901
Anomocora Studer 1878
antarctica. Caryophyllia Marenzeller 1904
antarctica, Errina (Gray 1872)
antarctica, Gardineria Gardiner 1929
antarctica, Javania (Gravier 1914)
antarctica. Labiopora (Gray 1872) = Errina antarctica
antarctica. Porella Gray 1872 = Errina antarctica
antarcticum. Desmophyllum Gravier 1914 = Javania antarctica
antarcticum. Flabellum (Gravier 1914) =Javania antarctica
antarcticus, Leptopenus Cairns 1989
Anthemiphyllia Pourtalés 1878
Anthemiphylliidae Vaughan 1907
anthocercis, Acropora (Brook 1893)
anthocercis, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora anthocercis [637c]
anthohelia, Conopora Caims 1991
anthophyllites, Coenocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
anthophyllites, Lophelia (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Pourtalosmilia
anthophyllites
anthophyllites, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Pourtalosmilia
anthophyllites
anthophyllites, Pourtalosmilia (Ellis & Solander 1786)
anthophyllum, Biflabellum (Ehrenberg 1834)
= Monomyces pygmaea [881]
anthophyllum, Caryophyllia (Esper 1794) = Lobophyllia anthophyllites
[784]/Caryophyllia cyathus
anthophyllum, Euphyllia (Ehrenberg 1834) = [Flabellum anthophyllum
[784])/ Monomyces pygmaea [881]
anthophyllum. Flabellum (Ehrenberg 1834)
= Monomyces pygmaea [881]
anthophyllum, Madrepora Esper 1791 = Caryophyllia cyathus [118]
anthophyllum, Monomyces Ehrenberg 1834 = M. pygmaea [881]
anthrophylla, Agaricia Hom 1861 =?
antillarum, Caryophyllia Pourtalés 1874
antillarum. Stylaster Zibrowius & Caims 1982
Antillia Duncan 1863 = Trachyphyllia
59
111
111
111
aperta, Porites lobata forma Vaughan 1907 = P. lobata
apertum. Flabellum Moseley 1876
apertus, Coenocyathus Déderlein 1913
= Phy llangia mouchezti [326.881]
apertus, Placocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = ?
apertus, Sabinotrochus Duncan 1873 =?
apertus. Trochocyathus Caims & Zibrowius 1997
Aphanipathes Brook 1889
aphanipathoides, Cirrhipathes spiralis var. van Pesch 1910 =C.
spiralis
Aphrastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Favites
aphrodes, Heteropsammia Alcock 1893 = H. cochlea [674]
apiculata, Pocillopora Ehrenberg 1834 =?
Aplocyathus d'Orbigny 1849 = Trochocyathus
applanata, Hydnophora tenella var. Umbgrove 1940 = H. exesa
appressa. Acropora (Ehrenberg 1834)
appressa, Heteropora Ehrenberg 1834 = Acropora appressa
appressa. Madrepora (Ehrenberg 1834) = Acropora appressa
arabensis, Acropora Hodgson & Carpenter 1995
arabica, Coeleria Klunzinger 1879 = Plangyra lamellina (298)
arabica, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = 4cropora
aspera [792]
arabica, Maeandrina (Klunzinger 1879) = Platygyra lamellina
Arachnopathes Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Antipathes
Araeacis Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Astreopora
aranetai, Porites Nemenzo 1955
arborea, Antipathes Dana 1848
arborea, Caryophyllia Blainville 1817 = Dendrophyllia ramea
arbuscula, Acropora (Dana 1848) = A. formosa
arbuscula, Caryophyllia Lesueur 1820 = Cladocora arbuscula [784]
arbuscula, Cladocora (Lesueur 1820)
arbuscula, Coenosmilia Pourtalés 1874 [= Anomocora fecunda [881}]
arbuscula, Dendrophyllia van der Horst 1922
arbuscula, Goniopora Umbgrove 1939
arbuscula, Lophohelia Moseley 1881 = Madrepora arbuscula [101]
arbuscula, Madrepora (Moseley 1881) =?
arbuscula, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora formosa [775]
arbuscula, Oculina Agassiz 1864 = Schizoculina arbuscula
arbuscula, Parasmilia (Pourtalés 1874) = Anomocora fecunda
arbuscula, Pavona venosa var. Umbgrove 1939 = P. venosa
arbuscula, Schizoculina (L. Agassiz 1864)
Archohelia Vaughan 1919
arctica, Antipathes Liitken 1871 =?
arctica, Bathypathes (Liitken 1871) =?
arcticus, Ulocyathus Sars 1851 = Flabellum macandrewi [881]
arcuata, Acropora (Brook 1892) = A. cytherea [674]
arcuata, Caryophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime ?=? Algeria [190].
Cape Verde [141]. France [32b]. India [602]. Italy [190]. Japan
[858]. Portugal: Madeira [709]. Seychelles [373], United Kingdom
[709]
arcuata, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora cytherea [792]
arcuatum, Truncatoflabellum Caims 1995
arcuatus, Paracyathus Lindstrom 1877
arenacea, Porites Lamarck 1816 = P. lutea
arenaria, Astraeopora Bernard 1896 = A. myriophthalma [429]
arenosa. Madrepora Esper 1797 = Porites lutea
arenosa, Porites (Esper 1797) = P. lutea [674]
32
84
189
areolata, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = Manicina areolata [690]
areolata. Maeandra (Linnaeus 1758) = Manicina areolata (690)
areolata. Manicina (Linnaeus 1758)
areum. Flabellum Caims 1982
argemone, Lithophyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = Mussa
angulosa
argus, Astrea Lamarck 1816 = Montastrea cavernosa
argus. Orbicella (Lamarck 1816) = O. cavernosa [784]/Montastrea
cavernosa
armata. Acropora (Brook 1892) = 4. evtherea [792]
armara. Favia (Verrill 1872) = F. stelligera [839]
armata, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora cytherea [792]
armata, Madrepora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Snlocoeniella
armala
armara, Plesiastrea V errill 1872 = Favia stelligera [839]
armara, Seriatopora Bassett-Smith 1890 = ? Tizard Bank [22]
armata. Stylocoeniella (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834)
armata, Stylophora (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) = Snlocoeniella
armata
arnoldi, Carvophyllia Vaughan 1900
asanoi, Madracis Yabe & Sugiyama 1936
Astraeosmilia Ortmann 1892 93
Astrangia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 77
Astrangiidae Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Rhizangiidae
Astrea Lamarck 1801 = Siderastrea/Favia/Cyphastrea/Leptastrea
astreaeformis, Colpophyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = C
natans [889]
astreata, Caryophyllia Lamarck 1816 = Galaxea astreata
astreata, Galaxea (Lamarck 1816)
astreatum. Anthophyllum (Lamarck 1816) = Galaxea astreata
astreiformis, Astrangia Milne Edwards & Haime 1850
= Astrangia poculata (582)
astreiformis, Astroria Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Plan gvra
daedalea [839]
astreiformis, Coeloria (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849) = Plan:gyra
daedalea
astreiformis. Platygyra (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849)
= P. daedalea [674.839]
astreoides, Porites Lamarck 1816
Astreoides Blainville 1830 = Astroides
ascensionis, Platygyra Ridley 1881 =? Saint Helena: Ascension [633).astrinus, Favites Link 1807 = F. abdita
Sri Lanka [558]
ascia, Pavonia crassa var. Dana 1848 = Pavona decussata
ashmorensis, Echinopora Veron 1990
asper, Stylaster Kent 1871
aspera. Acropora (Dana 1848)
aspera, Cyphastraea Quelch 1886 = C. microphthalma [744.844]
aspera. Echinophyllia (Ellis & Solander 1786)
aspera. Echinopora (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Echinophyllia aspera
aspera. Errina (Linnaeus 1767)
aspera, Euphyllia Dana 1848 = Eusmilia aspera [784V/E. fastigiata
[484]
aspera, Eusmilia (Dana 1848) = E. fastigiata
aspera, Favia Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = ?
aspera. Favites (Verrill 1866) = Goniastrea favulus/G. pectinata
aspera, Galaxea Quelch 1886 = G. fascicularis
aspera, Goniastrea Vermill 1866
aspera, Lobophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = L. corymbosa
[484]
aspera, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora aspera!
aspera, Madrepora Elis & Solander 1786 = Echinophyllia aspera
aspera, Millepora Linnaeus 1767 = Errina aspera [885]
aspera, Montipora Verrill 1872
aspera, Mussa Dana 1848 =?
aspera, Mycedium (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Echinophyllia aspera
aspera. Oulophyllia (Quelch 1886)
aspera, Oxyphyllia (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Echinophyllia aspera
aspera. Parastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Favia favus [839]
aspera, Phymastraea Quelch 1886 = Favia valenciennesi [839]
aspera, Pocillopora Verrill 1869 = P. ligulata [751]
aspera, Symphyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = /sophyllia
sinuosa [484]
aspera. Trachypora (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Echinophyllia aspera
aspera, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 = T. mesenterina [795]
aspera, Ulophyllia Quelch 1886 = Oulophyllia aspera
asperata, Ctenactis (Dana 1848) = C. echinata
asperata, Fungia Dana 1848 = Ctenactis echinata [354]
Astreopora Blainville 1830 49
astridae, Porites Thiel 1932 =? Indonesia [728]
Astrocoeniidae Koby 1890 36
Astroides Quoy & Gaimard 1827 136
astroites, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 =?
astroites, Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Montastrea annularis [786]
Astrophyllia Ehrenberg 1834 = ?Favites
Astropsammia Verrill 1869 136
Astroria Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Plangyra
Astya Stechow 1921 147
atlantica. Amphelia (Duncan 1870)
atlantica, Amphihelia Duncan 1870 = Amphelia atlantica
atlantica, Antipathella (Gray 1857) = Antipathes atlantica
atlantica, Antipathes Gray 1857
atlantica, Caryophyllia (Duncan 1873)
atlantica, Errina Hickson 1912
atlantica. Paratylopathes Roule 1902 = Antipathes grayi
atlantica, Stylaster eximius forma Broch 1936 = S. atlanticus
atlantica, Tylopathes Roule 1902 =? Spain: Canary Islands [648]
atlanticum, Flabellum Caims 1979
atlanticum. Flabellum pavoninum Caims 1979 = F. atlanticum [107]
atlanticus. Aulocyathus Zibrowius 1980
atlanticus, Bathycyathus Duncan 1873 = Caryophyllia atlantica
atlanticus, Polycyathus Duncan 1876
atlanticus. Stylaster Broch 1936
atrata, Astrangia (Dennant 1906)
atrata, Dendrophyllia Dennant 1906 = Astrangia atrata [126]
attenuata, Acropora (Brook 1893)
attenuata, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora attenuata
attenuata. Porites Nemenzo 1955
attenuata, Turbinaria Nemenzo ? = T. irregularis [768]
auaensis, Montipora verrilli var. Hoffmeister 1925 = M. verrilli
aucta, Orbicella Briiggemann 1878 =? Singapore [92.710]
Aulocyathus Marenzeller 1904 112
aurantiaca, Caryophyllia Milne Edwards 1836 = Tubastraea coccinea
aurantiaca, Dendrophyllia (Milne Edwards 1836) = Tubastraea
coccinea [827]
aurantiaca, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 =? Australia
asperispina, Cirripathes variabilis var. van Pesch 1914 =C. variabilis aurantiacus, Sphenotrochus Marenzeller 1904
asperula, Axhelia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850) = Madracis asperulaaurantiacus, Stylaster Cairns 1986
asperula, Madracis Milne Edwards & Haime 1850
aspidopora. Astya Caims 1991
assimilis, Antipathella Brook 1889 = Antipathes assimilis
assimilis, Antipathes (Brook 1889)
assimilis, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora appressa [788]
Asteroseris Verrill 1901 = Pavona/Gardineroseris
Asterosmilia Duncan 1868
astraearia, Cladocora Sars 1857 = C. cespitosa (32b]
astraeiformis, Physogyra Umbgrove 1940
astraeoides, Madrepora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 =?
112
aurea, Coenopsammia (Quoy & Gaimard 1833) = Tubastraea coccinea
aurea, Lobophyllia Quoy & Gaimard 1833 = Tubastraea coccinea
[123]
aurea, Dendrophyllia (Quoy & Gaimard 1833) = Tubastraea coccinea
aurea. Tubastraea (Quoy & Gaimard 1833) = 7. coccinea [123]
auricularis, Goniastraea Bernard 1900 =? Christmas Island [29]
auricularis, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Australia [28]
auricularis, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
auritus, Sphenotrochus Pourtalés 1874
aurorae, Hydnophora Nemenzo 1988 = ?H. exesa [768]
190
austera. Acropora (Dana 1848)
austera, Madrepora Dana 1848 = 4cropora austera [637c]
australe, Flabellum Noseley 1881
australensis. Goniastrea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1857)
bartschi. Coenocvathus Wells 1947 = Rhizosmilia maculata [99]
bartschi. Rhizosmilia (Wells 1947) = R. maculata
Baryastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Leptastrea
Basket Coral
australensis. Prionastraea Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Goniastrea Bathelia Moseley 1881 80
australensis [839]
australiae, Endopachy's Tenison-W oods 1878
australiae. Maeandroseris Rousseau 1854 = Plesioseris australiae
australiae. Plesioseris (Rousseau 1854)
australiensis, Coeloria Rehberg 1892 =? Australia [631]
australiensis. Culicia Hoffmeister 1933
Bathyactis Moseley 1881 = Fungiacyvathus [116]
Bathycyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Piniiangia
Bathypathes Brook 1889 33
Bathypsammia Marenzeller 1907 144
Bathytrochus Gravier 1915 116
Batotrochus Wells 1937 = Trematotrochus
australiensis. Deltocvathus italicus var. Duncan 1870 = Peponocyathus baueri, Porites Squires 1959
australiensis [123]
australiensis, Montipora Bernard 1897
australiensis. Peponocyathus (Duncan 1870)
australiensis, Porites Vaughan 1918
australiensis, Turbinolia Gardiner 1939 = Conocyathus zelandiae
[126a]
australis, Caryophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Scolymia
australis
australis. Homophyllia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) = Scolymia
australis
australis, Isophvilia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) = Scolymia
australis
australis, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora humilis [87]
australis, Scolymia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
Australocyathus Caims & Parker 1992 112
Australogyra Veron & Pichon 1982 93
Australomussa Veron 1985 86
avis, Cyathoceras (Durham & Bamard 1952)
= Pseudocyathoceras avis [118]
avis, Kionotrochus Durham & Barnard 1952
= Pseudocyathoceras avis
avis, Pseudocyathoceras (Durham & Bamard 1952)
Axhelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Madracis
axifuga, Dendrophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= Duncanopsammia axifuga
axifuga, Duncanopsammia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
axillaris, Cyathelia (Ellis & Solander 1786)
axillaris, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Cyathelia axillaris
[123]
axillaris, Oculina (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Cyathelia axillaris
Axohelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Madracis
ayleni, Physophyllia Wells 1935
azurea, Acropora Veron & Wallace 1984
bayeri. Balanophyllia Caims 1979
bella, Allopora gemmascens var. Dana 1848 = Snlaster bellus
bellus, Stvlaster (Dana 1848)
benhami, Goniastrea Vaughan 1917 = G. australensis [839]
bennettae. Favites Veron. Pichon & Wijsman-Best 1977
= Oulophyllia bennettae
bennettae, Oulophyilia (Veron. Pichon & Wijsman-Best 1977)
bermudensis, Rhizopsammia Wells 1972 =? Bermuda [821]
bermudiana, Oculina Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = O
valenciennesii [787]
bernardi, Goniopora Faustino 1927
bernardi, Montipora Vaughan 1907
bernardi, Porites Vaughan 1907
bernardi, Porites Gravier 1909 = ? Sao Tome and Principe [296]
berryi, Montipora Hoffmeister 1925
berteriana, Caryophyllia Duchassaing 1850
bertholleti, Favia Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = F. valenciennesi
[483]
bertholleti. Parastrea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1857) = Favia
valenciennesi [839]
bewickensis, Leptastrea Veron. Pichon & Wijsman-Best 1977
bicolor, Errina Caims 1991
bifaria, Antipathes Brook 1889
bifaria, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora tenuis [792]
bifida, Bathypathes Thomson 1905
Biflabellum Déderlein 1913 = Monomyces
biformis, Montipora Nemenzo 1988 = M. mollis [768]
bifrons, Mycedium tubifex var. Umbgrove 1939 = M. elephantotus
bifrons, Turbinaria Briiggemann 1877
bifrontalis, Montipora Bernard 1897 = ? Australia [28]
bifurcata, Acropora Nemenzo ? = A. hyacinthus [768]
Bikiniastrea Wells 1954 = Barabattoia
bikiniensis, Rhizopsammia minuta var. Wells ? = R. minuta
bilaminata, Montipora Bernard 1897
baeocyathus, Madrepora tizardi var. Brook 1893 = Acropora cerealis bilobatus, Stylaster Hickson & England 1905
baeodactyla, Acropora (Brook 1892) = A. digitifera [674]
baeodactyla, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora digitifera
bairdi, Flabellum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= Truncatoflabellum bairdi (116) T. spheniscus [123]
bairdi, Truncatoflabellum (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) = T.
spheniscus [123]
bairdiana, Balanophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
balaenacea, Caryophyllia Zibrowius & Gili 1990
Balanophyllia S. V. Wood 1844 137
balia, Crypthelia (Hickson & England 1905)
balia, Cryptohelia Hickson & England 1905 = Crypthelia balia
bandai, Seriatopora Thiel 1932 =? Indonesia [728]
bandensis, Acropora Verrill 1902 =? Indonesia [621,788]
banksi, Oculina Milne Edwards & Haime 1850
Bantamia Y abe & Eguchi 1943 = ?Galaxea/Blastomussa
banyulensis, Polycyathus Best 1968 = P. muellerae [881]
Barabattoia Yabe & Sugiyama 1941 93
baracoensis, Porites Vaughan 1919
barbadensis, Antipathes (Brook 1889)
barbadensis, Aphanipathes Brook 1889 = Antipathes barbadensis
barbadensis, Caryophyllia Caims 1979
barbadensis, Distichopora Pourtalés 1874
bipartita, Pavona Nemenzo 1980
bipatella, Sabinotrochus Alcock 1902 =? Siboga exp. stat. 52 [684]
bipatella, Stephanocyathus (Alcock 1902) =?
biserialis, Lepidopora Cairns 1986
bispinosa, Stichopathes Summers 1910 = S. flagellum
bithalamus, Allopora (Broch 1936) = Stylaster bithalamus
bithalamus, Stylaster Broch 1936
Black Corals
blainvillei, Manicina Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 =?
Blastomussa Wells 1968 86
Blastosmilia Duncan 1878 = Pourtalosmilia
Blastotrochus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 131
blattea, Allopora Boschma 1961 = Stylaster blatteus
blatteus, Stylaster (Boschma 1961)
Blue Coral 29
Blushing Star Coral 36
bocki, Allopora (Broch 1936) = Stylaster bocki
bocki, Stylaster Broch 1936
boletiformis, Agaricia (Esper 1797) = Pavona laxa
boletiformis, Diechoraea Tenison-Woods 1879 =? Fiji [719]
boletiformis, Madrepora Esper 1797 = Pavona laxa
boletiformis, Pavonia (Esper 1797) = Pavona laxa [560]
barbadensis, Duncania Pourtalés 1874 = Gardineria paradoxa [126a] bolsii, Montipora Bernard 1897 = ? Indonesia [28]
191
bonaespei, Balanophyllia van der Horst 1938
bonhourei, Ulophyllia Gravier 1910 = Oulophyllia crispa [484]
Boninastrea Yabe & Sugiyama 1935 91
boninensis. Boninastrea Yabe & Sugiyama 1935
bonsai, Hydnophora Veron 1990
borealis. Carvophyilia (Fleming 1828) = C. smithii
borealis, Distichopora Fisher 1938
borealis, Flabellum apertum Cairns 1994 = F. apertum
borealis, Javania Cairns 1994
borealis, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 =?
borealis. Turbinolia Fleming 1827/8? = Carvophyllia smithii (118)
boreopacifica. Allopora (Broch 1932) = Snlaster boreopacificus
boreopacificus, Snlaster Broch 1932
borradailei, Orbicella Gardiner 1904 = Favia favus [839]
boschmai, Dendrophyllia van der Horst 1926
boschmai. Errina Caims 1983
boschmai, Millepora de Weerdt & Glynn 1991
boschmai, ? Eguchi 1965 = Snlaster boschmai
boschmai, Snlaster (Eguchi 1965)
boscii, Antipathella (Lamouroux 1821) = Antipathes boscii
boscii. Antipathes Lamouroux 1821
boscii. Leiopathes (Lamouroux 1821) = Antipathes boscii
botryodes, Madrepora Brook 1892 =? Mauritius [86.87]. Tuvalu
[835]
botryotes, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = ?
brasiliensis. Meandrina (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
= M. meandrites
brasiliensis. Pectinia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) = Meandrina
meandrites
brassevi, Distichopora Wright 1882 = D. nitida [105]
Brassevia Wright 1882 = DendropMilia
brassica, Gemmipora Dana 1848 = Turbinaria brassica [784]
brassica. Turbinaria (Dana 1848)
braziliana, Orbicella Verrill 1901 = Montastrea cavernosa [420.889]
braziliense, Flabellum Pourtalés 1874 =? Brazil [612]
braziliensis, Acanthastraea Verrill 1868 = Mussismilia braziliensis
[420]
braziliensis, Millepora Verrill 1868
braziliensis, Mussismilia (Verrill 1868)
braziliensis, Porites astreoides var. Verrill 1901 = P. astreoides
braziliensis. Protomussa (Verrill 1868) = Mussismilia braziliensis
brevicollis. Acropora (Brook 1892) = A. digitifera [674]
brevicollis, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora digitifera
breviconus, Hydnophora Nemenzo ? = H. rigida [768]
brevicornis, Pocillopora Lamarck 1816 = P. damicornis [674]
breviramosa, Porites compressa forma Vaughan 1907 = P. compressa
brevis, Acanthastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = ?
brevis, Cladocora Pourtalés 1871 =? United States [611]
breviserialis, Colpophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = C. natans
[249.889]
bottae, Coeloria Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Plarygyra lamellina breviserialis, Distichopora Quelch 1884 = D. nitida [105]
[839]
bottae. Coscinastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
bottae, Cyphastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Leprastrea
bottae [744.844]
bottae. Leptastrea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850)
bottae, Madrepora Brook 1893 =? Red Sea [87]
bottae, Maeandroseris Rousseau 1854 =? Myanmar [212]
Bottlebrush Coral 44
bougainvillei. Galaxea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1857) =?
brevispina, Trochocyathus Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
brighami, Porites Vaughan 1907
brighami, Psammocora (Vaughan 1907)
brighami, Stephanaria Vaughan 1907 = Psammocora brighami
britannica, Balanophyllia socialis var. Duncan 1870 = Leptopsammia
britannica
britannica, Leptopsammia (Duncan 1870)
britannicus, Stylaster erubescens Zibrowius & Cairns 1992 = S.
erubescens
bougainvillei, Tropidocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 =? Sri brochi, Allopora Fisher 1938 = Snlaster brochi
Lanka [631]
Bouquet Coral
bournei, Stichopathes Forster Cooper 1909
Bourneotrochus Wells 1984
119
112
brochi, Lepidotheca Cairns 1986
brochi, Stylaster (Fisher 1938)
brooki, Acropora Crossland 1952 =? Australia [168]
brooki. Antipathella Johnson 1900 = Antipathes atlantica
bournonii, Goniastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = G. retiformis brooki, Antipathes (Johnson 1900) = Antipathes atlantica
[839]
bournonii, Solenastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850
bowerbanki, Acanthastraea Milne Edwards & Haime 1857
bowerbanki, Favia Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = ?
bowerbankii, Solenastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 =
Cyphastrea chalcidicum
bowersi, Coenocyathus Vaughan 1906
brachiata, Acropora (Dana 1848) = A. nobilis
brooki, Coenocyathus Caims 1995
brooki, Madrepora Bernard 1900 =? Christmas Island [29]
brookii, Antipathella Whitelegge & Hill 1899 =? Tuvalu [835]
Brown Stem Coral
browni, Astrangia Palmer 1928
brueggemanni, ? Ridley 1881 = Madracis brueggemanni
brueggemanni, Acropora (Brook 1891)
brueggemanni, Cyphastraea Quelch 1886 = C. serailia [744.844]
brachiata, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora nobilis [775\/A. formosa brueggemanni, Madracis (Ridley 1881)
[340]
brachyclados, Madrepora Ortmann 1888 = ?Madrepora gravida
[87]/?2Acropora florida
Brachymaeandrina Duncan 1885 = Plan gyra
brachystoma, Fungia Thiel 1932 = Ctenactis crassa [354]
Brachytrochus Duncan 1876 = Heterocyathus
Brachytrochus Reuss 1864 = Paracyathus
bradleyi, Oulangia (Verrill 1866)
bradleyi, Ulangia Verrill 1866 = Oulangia bradleyi
Brain Coral 90
Branched Cup Coral 86
Branching Coral 57
branchi, Acropora Riegl 1995
branneri, Porites Rathbun 1887
brasiliensis, Astrangia Vaughan 1906 = 4. solitaria [821.889]
brasiliensis, Ctenophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =
Meandrina meandrites
brasiliensis, Flabellum (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) = Meandrina
meandrites
brueggemanni, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora brueggemanni
brueggemanni, Montipora Bernard 1897 = M. danae [674]
brueggemanni, Mussa Quelch 1886 = Lobophyllia costata [484)/L.
hemprichii
brueggemanni, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
brunneus, Ceratotrochus (Moseley 1881) = Conotrochus brunneus
[126a]
brunneus, Conotrochus (Moseley 1881)
brunneus, Pleurocyathus Moseley 1881 = Conotrochus brunneus [125]
brunneus, Stylaster Boschma 1970
Bubble Coral
buccina, Balanophyllia Tenison-W oods 1878
bulbosa, Endopachys Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
bulbosa, Pocillopora Ehrenberg 1834 = P. damicornis [674]
bulbosa, Porites Quelch 1886 = P. compressa [751]
bulbosa, Porites compressa forma Vaughan 1907 = P. compressa
bullata, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora humilis [87]
bulliens, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = ?
burchae, Caryophyllia (Caims 1984) = Trochocyathus burchae
burchae, Premocyathus Cairns 1984 = Trochocyathus burchae [126a]
125
192
burchae. Trochocvathus (Caims 1987)
burgosi. Goniopora Nemenzo 1955
Bush Coral
bushyensis. Acropora Veron & Wallace 1984
Button Coral 142
byssoides, Millepora Lamarck 1816 =? Mediterranean [427]
4)
bythios, Flabellum japonicum var. Cairns in Cairns & keller 1993 =
F. japonicum
caboensis, Astrangia Durham 1947 = 4. haimei [691]
cactus. Lophoseris (Forskal 1775) = Pavona cactus
cactus. Madrepora Forskal 1775 = Pavona cactus
cactus, Montipora Bernard 1897
cactus, Mussa Dana 1848
cactus. Pavona (Forskal 1775)
Caeloria Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Plan-gvra
caeruleus, Paracyathus Duncan 1889
cancellatus, Stvlaster Fisher 1938
candeanum, Flabellum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= Truncatoflabellum candeanum [116]
candeanum. Truncatoflabellum (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
candeanus, Placotrochus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= P. laevis [116]
candelabrum, Cladocora Ehrenberg 1834 = C. arbuscula [889]
candelabrum. Conopora Caims 1991
candelabrum. Madrepora Studer 1878 =? Papua New Guinea [87]
candida, Bathelia Moseley 1881
candida, Lophohelia Moseley 1881 = Madrepora candida [881
candida, Madrepora (Moseley 1881)
candida, Millepora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = ?
Cantharellus Hoeksema 1989 70
capense. Desmophyllum (Gardiner 1904) = Caryopinllia capensis
capensis, Balanophyilia Vermill ?
capensis, Caryophyllia Gardiner 1904
caespito-tabulata, Madrepora corymbosa var. Brook 1893 = Acroporacapensis. Duncania Gardiner 1904 = Gardineria capensis
cytherea
cailleti, Agaricia (Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864)
= Leptoseris cailleti [185]
cailleti, Desmophyllum Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = Javania
cailleti
cailleti. Javania (Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864)
cailleti. Leptoseris (Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864)
cailleti, Mycedium Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864
= Leptoseris cailleti [185]
calamaria. Acropora (Brook 1892) = A. humilis [674]
calamaria, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora humilis
calcar, Deltocyathus Pourtalés 1874
calcar, Deltocyathus agassizii var. Pourtalés 1874 = D. calcar
calcarea, Millepora Ellis & Solander 1786 =?
calcarea, Montipora Bernard 1897
calendula, Madrepora Hermann 1782 = Caryophyllia cyathus [118]
calicifera, Pavonia Gardiner 1898 = Pavona varians [371]
calicularis, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
caliculata, Manopora Dana 1848 = Montipora caliculata
caliculata, Montipora (Dana 1848)
caliendrum, Seriatopora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834
californica. Allopora Pourtalés 1868 = Stylaster venustus
californica, Allopora Vertill 1866 = Stylaster californicus
californica, Astrangia Durham & Barnard 1952
californica, Dendrophyllia Durham 1947
californica, Javania Cairns 1994
californica, Lophelia Durham 1947 = L. pertusa [123]
californica, Nomlandia Durham & Barnard 1952
californica, Porites Verrill 1869
californicus. Stylaster (Verril! 1866)
Callogyra Verrill 1901 = Trachyphyllia [592]
caltha, Paracyathus Verrill 1869 = P. stearnsii [123]
calveri, Caryophyllia Duncan 1873
calycularis, Astrea Lamarck 1816 =? Australia [506], Philippines
[621]
calycularis. Astroides (Pallas 1766)
calycularis, Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Astroides calycularis [582]
calycularis, Rhodaraea (Lamarck 1816) =?
Calyptopora Boschma 1968 147
campaniformis, ? Marenzeller 1904 = Stephanocyathus campaniformis
campaniformis, Stephanocyathus (Marenzeller 1904)
campanulatum, Flabellum Holdsworth 1862
campyleca, Allopora Fisher 1938 = Stylaster campylecus
campylecus, Stylaster (Fisher 1938)
canaliculata, Acropora (Klunzinger 1879) = A. humilis [87]
canaliculata, Madrepora K\unzinger 1879 = Acropora humilis [87]
canalis, Acropora (Quelch 1886) = A. nobilis
canalis, Madrepora Quelch 1886 = Acropora canalis/A. nobilis
cancellata, Acropora (Brook 1893) = Acropora squarrosa [792]
cancellata, Aphanipathes Brook 1889
cancellata, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora squarrosa [792]
cancellata, Millepora Ehrenberg 1834 = ?
capensis, Errina Hickson 1912
capensis, Gardineria (Gardiner 1904)
capillaris. Acropora (Klunzinger 1879)
capillaris, Madrepora Klunzinger 1879 = Acropora capillaris
capitata, Cyphastrea Studer 1878 = C. serailia [744.844]
capitata, Goniastraea Studer 1881 =? Singapore [710]
capitata, Madrepora Esper 1797 = Eusmilia fastigiata
capitata, Manopora Dana 1848 = Montipora capitata
capitata, Montipora (Dana 1848)
capitata, Pocillopora Verrill 1864 = P. elegans [691]/P. verrucosa
capricornis, Montipora Veron 1985
capricornis, Porites Rehberg 1892 =? Indonesia [742]. Palau
[221.361]
carcarensis, Turbinaria Nemenzo ? = T. frondens [768]
carcharias, Fungia Studer 1878 = F. paumotensis [354]
cardenae, Acropora Wells 1987
carduus. Acropora (Dana 1848)
carduus. Caryophyllia (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Mussa angulosa
carduus, Caryophyllia Audouin 1826 = Cynarina lacrymalis [151]
carduus, Echinopora Klunzinger 1879 = E. gemmacea [674.844]
carduus, Lobophyllia (Ellis & Solander 1786) =?
carduus, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora carduus!!
carduus, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Mussa angulosa
caribaea, Leptastrea Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 =? Virgin
Islands of the United States [196]
caribbeana, Antipathes Opresko 1996
caribbeana, Balanophyllia Caims 1977
cariboea, Pectinia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = Meandrina
meandrites [746.889]
carinata, Allopora (Broch 1936) = Snylaster carinatus
carinata, Anomocora Cairns 1991
carinata, Balanophyllia (Semper 1872)
carinata, Errina (Pourtalés 1867) = Lepidopora carinata [110]
carinata, Heliopora Pourtalés 1867 = Lepidopora carinata [110]
carinata, Lepidopora (Pourtalés 1867)
carinata, Montipora Nemenzo 1967 = M. hirsuta
carinata, Pachyseris Briiggemann 1879
carinata, Rhodopsammia Semper 1872 = Balanophyllia carinata [126a]
carinata, Turbinaria Nemenzo ? = T. stellulata [768]
carinatum, Truncatoflabellum Cairns 1989
carinatus, Pliobothrus (Pourtalés 1867) = Lepidopora carinata
carinatus, Stylaster Broch 1936
cariophyllites, Madrepora Pallas 1766 = ?
carleenae, Dendrophyllia Nemenzo 1983
carli, Plesiastrea Nemenzo 1979 = Favia stelligera [768]
Camation Coral
carnea, Errina Boschma 1965 = E. laterorifa [105]
carolina, Lophohelia Pourtalés 1871 = Madrepora carolina [881]
carolina, Madrepora (Pourtalés 1871)
carolinensis, Cryptotrochus Cairns 1988
caroliniana, Acropora Nemenzo 1976
193
carpenteri, Caryophyllia Duncan 1878
= Stenocvathus vermiformis [881]
carpinerti, Plesiastrea Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 =? Virgin
Islands of the United States [196]
carthaginiensis, Millepora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = \/
alcicornis [889]
carvophnllia. Madrepora J. B. Harvey 1837 = Carvophyllia smithii
Caryophyllia Lamarck 1801 112
Caryophylliidae Gray 1847 111
carvophylloides. Trochocyathus Alcock 1902
cassiopea, Dichocoenia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = D. stokesti
[889]
catalai, Alveopora Wells 1968
Catalaphyllia Wells 1971
catharinae. Antipathes Pax 1932
catharinae, Aphanipathes (Pax 1932) = Antipathes catharinae
caudex, Maeandra Ehrenberg 1834 = Dendrogyra cylindrus [889]
caudex. Meandrina (Ehrenberg 1834) = Dendrogyra cylindrus
Caulastraea Dana 1848 94
Cauliflower Coral 38
cavata, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 =?
cavatus, Paracyathus Alcock 1893
cavatus, Trochocyathus Alcock 1902 =?
cavernosa. Astrea (Esper 1797) =?
cavernosa, Favia (Forskal 1775) = Favia favus
cavernosa. Madrepora Esper 1797 =?
cavernosa. Madrepora Forskal 1775 = Favia favus [839]
cavernosa. Madrepora Linnaeus 1767 = Montastrea cavernosa
[420.690]
cavernosa, Montastraea (Linnaeus 1767)
cavernosa. Orbicella (Linnaeus 1767) = Montastrea cavernosa
[420.690]
Cavernous Star Coral
cebuensis. Montipora Nemenzo 1976
cecilliana, Dendrophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =? China
[496]. Japan [496]
cedrosensis, Balanophyllia Durham 1947
cellulata, Millepora Forskal 1775 = Stvlophora digitata [503)/S.
pistillata
cellulosa, Astraea Verrill 1869 = Favia pallida [839]
cellulosa, Balanophyllia Duncan 1873
cellulosa, Favia (Verrill 1872) = F. pallida [839]
cellulosa, Goniopora Veron 1990
cellulosa, Madrepora Esper 1797 =?
cellulosa, Millepora Linnaeus 1758 = ?
cellulosa, Millepora alcicornis var. Verrill 1868 = M. alcicornis
cellulosa, Stylophora Quelch 1886 = S. pistillata [661.768]
cellulosa, Ulophyllia Quelch 1886 = Oulophyllia crispa [842]
centralis, Porites lobata forma Vaughan 1907 = P. lobata
cepulla, Trochocyathus Caims 1995
Ceratocyathus Seguenza 1863 = Caryophyllia
Ceratotrochus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
cerealis, Acropora (Dana 1848)
cerealis, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora cerealis
cerebriformis. Diploria (Lamarck 1816) = D. labyrinthiformis [151]
cerebriformis, Meandrina Lamarck 1816 = Diploria labyrinthiformis
[889]
cerebriformis, Mussa Dana 1848
cerebriformis, Platygyra (Lamarck 1816) = Diploria labyrinthiformis
cerebrum, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Diploria strigosa
cerebrum, Meandra Gravier 1910 = Favia gravida [420]
cerebrum, Maeandrina (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Diploria strigosa
[690]
Ceriomorpha Head 1978 = Blastomussa
cerium, Astraea Dana 1848 = Goniastrea pectinata [839]
cerium, Goniastrea (Dana 1848) = G. pectinata
cervicornis, Acropora (Lamarck 1816)
cervicornis, Dactylotrochus (Moseley 1881)
cervicornis, Errina Broch 1942 = Lepidotheca cervicornis
cervicornis, Lepidotheca (Broch 1942)
114
105
114
cervicornis, Madrepora Lamarck 1816 = Acropora cervicornis
cervicornis, Tridacophyllia Moseley 1881 = Dacn/otrochus
cervicornis
cervina, Distichopora Pourtalés 1871
cervina, Porites Lamarck 1816 =?
cervina. Seriatopora (Lamarck 1816) = Australia [89]. Indonesia
[621]. Philippines [621]
cespitosa. Carvophvilia (Linnaeus 1767) = Cladocora cespitosa
cespitosa. Cladocora (Linnaeus 1767)
cespitosa, Galaxea Dana 1848 = G. fascicularis
cespitosa. Madrepora Linnaeus 1767 = Cladocora cespitosa
cespitosa, Madrepora rosaria var. Brook 1893 = Acropora rosaria
cespitosa. Pocillopora Dana 1848 = P. damicornis [674)/P. elegans
[691]/P. verrucosa
cespitosum, Anthophyllum (Dana 1848) = Galaxea fascicularis
cestoporina. Errinopora Caims 1983
ceylonensis, Antipathella Thomson & Simpson 1905 = Antipathes
ceylonensis
ceylonensis. Antipathes (Thomson & Simpson 1905)
ceylonensis, Rhodocyathus Bourne 1905 = Cynarina lacrymalis (815)
cevlonensis, Stichopathes Thomson & Simpson 1905
cevlonica, Acropora (Ortmann 1889)
ceylonica, Coeloria Ridley 1883 =? Sri Lanka [558.634]
ceylonica, Madrepora Ortmann 1889 = Acropora ceylonica
cevlonica. Maeandrina (Ridley 1883) =?
chagius, Ctenella Mattha: 1928
chalcidicum. Cyphastrea (Forskal 1775)
chalcidicum. Madrepora Forskal 1775 = Cyphastrea chalcidicum
[744.844]
challengeri, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Philippines [28]
challengeri, Stenohelia (Boschma 1951) = S. profunda [105]
challengeri, Stvlaster Boschma 1951 = Stenohelia profunda [110]
chamaemorus, Antipathes Pax 1932
chamissoi, Rhizopsammia Wells 1954
chathamensis. Errina Caims 1991
chauliostylus, Lepidotheca Caims 1991
cheilopora. Errina Caims 1983
Cheiloporidion Caims 1983
chesterfieldensis, Acropora Veron & Wallace 1984
chevalier, Leptopsammia Zibrowius 1980
chilensis, Bathycyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =? Chile
[495.781]
chinensis, Favites (Verrill 1866)
chinensis, Prionastrea Verrill 1866 = Favites chinensis [839]
chnous, Balanophyllia Squires 1962
chota, Antipathes Forster Cooper 1904
chunii, Flabellum Marenzeller 1904
cincticulatus, Trochocyathus Gardiner ? =? South Africa
cincticulatus, Carvophyllia (Alcock 1898) = ?
cincticulatus, Thecocyathus Alcock 1898 =? India [784]. Maldives [7].
Seychelles [784]
cinerascens, Explanaria Ehrenberg 1834 = Turbinaria mesenterina
cinerascens, Gemmipora (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Turbinaria
cinerascens [784]
cinerascens, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Turbinaria
cinerascens
cinerascens, Turbinaria (Ellis & Solander 1786)
cinnabarina, Distichopora Nardo 1844 = D. violacea [105]
circinata, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Australia [28]
circumfossata, Siderastrea Thiel ? =?
circurnvallata, Madrepora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Montipora
circumvallata
circumvallata, Montipora (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834)
147
Cirrhipathes Blainville 1830 33
Citharocyathus Alcock 1902 = Notocyathus [116]
Cladangia Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 78
Cladocora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 94
cladonia, Dendrophyllia van der Horst 1927
Cladopathes Brook 1889 34
Cladopsammia Lacaze-Duthiers 1897 138
194
clathrata. Acropora (Brook 1891)
clathrata, Antipathes Pallas 1766 = ?
clathrata, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora clathrata [637c]
clausa. Crnpthelia Broch 1947
clava. Siderastrea (Dana 1848) = Pavona clavus
clavaria, Millepora Ehrenberg 1834 =?
clavaria, Pocillopora Ehrenberg 1834
clavaria, Porites Lamarck 1816 = P. porites
clavaria. Porites porites var. Lamarck 1816 = P. porites
Clavarina Verll 1864 = Paraclavarina
clavator, Halomitra Hoeksema 1989
clavigera. Acropora (Brook 1892) = 4. granulosa {792}
clavigera, Lepidopora Cairns 1986
clavigera, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora granulosa [792]
clavus, Anthophyllum Dana 1848 = Galaxea astreata [772]
clavus. Carvophyllia Scacchi 1835 = Carvophyilia smithii
clavus. Caryophyilia clavus var. Duncan 1873 = Carvophyllia
epithecata
clavus. Cyathina (Scacchi 1835) = Caryophyllia clavus/Caryophyllia
smithii
clavus. Galaxea (Dana 1848) = G. astreata [674]
clavus, Lophoseris (Dana 1848) = Pavona clavus
clavus. Pavona (Dana 1848)
clavus, Pavonia Dana 1848 = Pavona clavus
clavus, Porites compressa forma Vaughan 1907 = P. compressa
clavus, Siderastrea (Dana 1848) = Pavona clavus
clavus. Tichoseris (Dana 1848) = Pavona clavus
clementei. Pachyseris Nemenzo ? = P. speciosa [768]
clivosa, Diploria (Ellis & Solander 1786)
clivosa, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Diploria clivosa [690]
clivosa. Maeandra (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Diploria clivosa [690]
clivosa, Maeandrina (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Diploria clivosa [690]
clivosa, Pavonia Verrill 1869 = Pavona clavus [827)/P. clivosa [631b]
clouei, Favia Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = F. speciosa [839]
Club Finger Coral 58
clypeus, Halomitra Verrill 1864 = H. pileus [354]
coalescens, Madrepora Ortmann 1889 = Acropora valida [87]
Colangia Pourtalés 1871 78
colei. Montipora Wells 1954 = M. undata [775]
colonensis. Porites Zlatarski 1990
Colpophyilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
columella, Goniastrea Crossland 1948
columellaris, Maeandra areolata var. Verrill 1901 = Manicina
areolata
columellata, Hydnophora Rehberg 1892 =? Federated States of
Micronesia [631]
columna, Coscinastrea (Dana 1848)
columna, Goniopora Dana 1848
columna, Leptopsammia Folkeson 1919 =? Australia [255]
columna, Leptoseris Yabe & Sugiyama 1941 = L. scabra [185.674]
columna, Psammocora Dana 1848 = Coscinastrea columna [772]
columnaris, Acropora muricata var. Verrill 1901 = 4. palmata
columnaris. Antipathes (Duchassaing 1870)
columnaris. Arachnopathes Duchassaing 1870 = Antipathes columnaris
columnaris, Montipora Bernard 1898
columnaris. Parantipathes (Duchassaing 1870) = Antipathes
columnaris
columnaris, Porites Klunzinger 1879
columnifera, Fungia fungites var. Déderlein 1902 = F. fungites
Common Brain Coral
communis. Caryophyllia Wood-Mason & Alcock 1891 = C. ambrosia
[125]
compacta, Madrepora millepora var. Brook 1893 = Acropora
millepora
compacta, Montipora verrucosa var. Ortmann 1892 = Af. verrucosa
compacta, Orbicella cavernosa var. Vaughan 1901 = Montastrea
cavernosa [219]
compacta, Porites compressa forma Vaughan 1907 = P. compressa
compacta, Rhizopsammia Sheppard & Sheppard 1991
compacta, Seriatopora Bassett-Smith 1890 =? Tizard Bank [22]
complanata, ? Verrill 1866 = Pavona complanata
complanata, Acropora (Brook 1891) = A. clathrata/divaricata [674]
complanata, Astraea (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) = Favites
complanata
95
coalescens, Sideropora digitata var. Dana 1848 = Splophora cellulosacomplanata, Calyptopora (Pourtalés 1867)
[631)/S. pistillata
coalita, Montipora Nemenzo 1967 = M. altasepta [768]
coalitum, Flabellum Marenzeller 1888
coarctata, Dendrophyllia Duncan 1889
coarctata, Favia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = F. fragum
[786.889]
coccinea, Coenopsammia (Lesson 1829) = Tubastraea coccinea
coccinea, Dendrophyllia (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) =
Cladopsammia gracilis
coccinea, Distichopora Gray 1860
coccinea, Oculina Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Cladopsammia
gracilis [11]
coccinea, Tubastraea Lesson 1829
cochlea, Heterocyathus Gray 1849 = H. aequicostatus [356]
cochlea, Heteropsammia (Spengler 1781)
cochlea, Madrepora Spengler 1781 = Heteropsammia cochlea [356]
cochleata, Errina Pourtalés 1867
cochleata, Lepidopora (Pourtalés 1867) = Errina cochleata [110]
cocosensis, Montipora Vaughan 1918 = M. angulata [766a]
cocosensis, Porites Wells 1950 = P. cylindrica [122]
cocosensis, Stylocoeniella Veron 1990
Coelastrea Verrill 1866 95
Coelocyathus Sars 1856 = Monomyces
Coelogyra Nemenzo 1959 =?
Coeloria Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Pianygyra
Coeloseris Vaughan 1918 64
Coelosmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Desmophyllum
Coenangia Verrill 1869 78
Coenocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 115
Coenopsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Tubastraea
Coenosmilia Pourtalés 1874 115
coerulea, Heliopora (Pallas 1766)
= Stylaster complanatus {110}
complanata, Favia Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Favites
complanata
complanata, Favites (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834)
complanata, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora clathrata/d.
divaricata [2792]
complanata, Millepora Lamarck 1816
complanata, Montipora (Lamarck 1816)
complanata, Pavona (Verrill 1866)
complanata, Porites Lamarck 1816 = Montipora compianata
complanata, Prionastrea (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) = Favites
complanata
complanata, Stenohelia (Pourtalés 1867) = Srylaster complanatus
complanatus, Stylaster Pourtatés 1867
complicata, Stephanophyllia Moseley 1876
composita, Clavarina Rehberg 1892 =? Palau [631]
composita, Montipora Crossland 1952 = M. aequituberculata [674]
compressa, Antipathes Esper 1797 =?
compressa, Caryophyllia Y abe & Eguchi 1942 = Premocyathus
dentiformis [126a]
compressa, Caryophyllia Blainville 1830 = Caryophyllia zanzibarensis
compressa, Caryophyllia Gardiner & Waugh 1938 =?
compressa, Dendrophyllia arbuscula var. Eguchi & Sasaki 1973 =
Cladopsammia eguchii [123]
compressa, Fungia Lamarck 1816 = Truncatoflabellum compressum
compressa, Heliopora Verrill 1864 = ?H. coerulea
compressa, Leiopathes (Esper 1797) =?
compressa, Madrepora Bassett-Smith 1890 = Acropora florida [792]
compressa, Madrepora Ehrenberg 1834 = ?
compressa, Millepora Linnaeus 1758 = ?
compressa, Montipora (Linnaeus 1758) = ?
compressa, Porites Dana 1848
195
compressa. Seriatopora Studer 1878 =? Philippines [621]
compressa, Stlophora Gardiner 1898
compressum, Flabellum (Lamarck 1816) = Truncatoflabellum
compressum
compressum. Truncatoflabellum (Lamarck (1816)
compressus, Conocyathus Tenison-W oods 1878 = Plantrochus
compressus
compressus, Platvtrochus (Tenison-Woods 1878)
compressus. Premocvathus (Yabe & Eguchi 1942) = Carvopiy lia
compressa [123]
concamerata. Echinopora (Forskal 1775) = E. gemmacea
concamerata. Madrepora Forskal 1775 = Echinopora gemmacea
concentrica, Halomitra Studer 1901 = H. pileus [354]
Concentrotheca Caims 1979 115
concepcionensis, Astrangia Durham 1947 = 4. haimei [691]
conceptus, Paracyathus Gardiner & Waugh 1938
conceptus. Polycyathus (Gardiner & Waugh 1938) = Paracyathus
conceptus
concinna, Acropora (Brook 1891) = A. valida [674]
concinna, Astrangia Verrill 1866 = A. haime: [691]
concinna, Echinopora Verrill 1901 = E. lamellosa [844]
concinna, Fungia Verrill 1864
concinna, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora valida/A. diversa [792]
concinna, Stenohelia Boschma 1964
concinna, Vaughanella Gravier 1915
conferta. Acropora (Quelch 1886) = A. Ayacinthus [674]
conferta, Astrangia Verrill 1869 = Coenangia conferta
conferta, Astrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Montastrea
cavernosa [786.889]
conferta, Caryophyllia Dana 1848 = ?
conferta, Cladocora (Dana 1848) =?
conferta, Cladocora Moseley 1881 = Colangia moseleyi {126a]
conferta. Coenangia (Verrill 1869)
conferta. Cyphastrea Nemenzo 1959 = C. serailia [768.844]
conferta, Dendrophyllia Quelch 1886 = ?D. arbuscula [123]
conferta, Distichopora Quelch 1885 = D. gracilis [105]
conferta, Favia Verrill 1868 = F. gravida (420)/F. fragum [889]
conferta, Lobactis Verrill 1864 = Fungia scutaria
conferta, Madrepora Quelch 1886 = Acropora hyacinthus [2792]
conferta, Montipora Nemenzo 1967 = M. monasteriata [768]
conferta, Mussa harttii var. Verrill 1901 = M. harttii
conjferta, Porites Dana 1848 =? Madagascar [505]
conferta, Pourtalosmilia Caims 1978
conferta, Schizopathes Brook 1889
conferta, Seriatopora Quelch 1886 =? Fiji (621). Tuvalu [261]
conferta, Siderastrea stellata var. Verrill 1868 = S. stellata
conferta, Stenohelia Boschma 1968
conferta, Symphyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = /sophyllia
sinuosa [889]
confertifolia, Fungia Dana 1848 = F. fungites [354]
confertifolia, Maeandra areolata var. Verrill 1901 = Manicina
areolata
confertifolia, Mussa harttii var. Verrill 1901 = Mussismilia harttii
confertissima, Millepora Quelch 1886 =? Indonesia [621]. Japan
[869], Palau [221]
confertus, Paracyathus Pourtalés 1868 =? Portugal: Azores [709].
United States [610.690]
confluens, Madrepora florida forma Brook 1893 = Acropora florida
Confluphyllia Cairns & Zibrowius 1997 115
confraga, Madrepora Quelch 1886 = ? Fiji [87.621]
confusa, Montipora Nemenzo 1967
conglobata, Caulastraea tumida forma Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 = C
tumida
conglomerata, Madrepora Esper 1797 =?
conglomerata. Porites (Esper 1797) = P. solida [560]
conica, Caryophyllia Gray ? =?
conicolobata, Hydnophora Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = ? Fiji
(557]. Samoa [557]
conicula, Montipora Wells 1954 = M. millepora
conicus, Citharocyathus Alcock 1902 = Notocyathus conicus [116.123]
conicus, Deltocyvathus Zibrowius 1980
conicus, Notocvathus (Alcock 1902)
conigera. Acropora (Dana 1848) = A. robusta
conigera, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora robusta [775]
conigera, Oculina varicosa var. Verrill 1901 =O. varicosa
conjungens, Porites compressa forma Vaughan 1907 = P. compressa
connata, Astraeosmilia Ortmann 1892
Conocyathus d'Orbigny 1849 115
Conocyathus Brook 1893 = Acropora
Conopora Moseley 1879 147
conotrochoides. Aulocyathus (Yabe & Eguchi 1932) = A. matricidus
conotrochoides, Fragilocyathus Yabe & Eguchi 1932 = Aulocyathus
matricidus {123}
Conotrochus Seguenza 1864 116
consagensis, Bathycyathus Durham & Barnard 1952 = Phyllangia
consagensis [827]
consagensis. Phyllangia (Durham & Bamard 1952)
conspicua, Montipora Nemenzo 1980 = M. orientalis [768]
conspicua, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
constricta, Antillia Briggemann 1877 = Trachyphyllia geoffrovi [484]
constricta, Antillophyllia (Braggemann 1877) =?
contecta, Madrepora Hinde 1904 = Acropora humilis
contignatio, Hydnophora (Forskal 1775) = H. exesa [674.839]
contignatio. Madrepora Forskal 1775 = Hydnophora exesa
contigua, Madrepora Esper 1797 = Psammocora contigua
contigua, Psammocora (Esper 1797)
contorta, Antipathella Brook 1889 = Antipathes contorta
contorta, Antipathes (Brook 1889)
contorta, Cirrhipathes van Pesch 1910
contorta, Distichopora Pourtalés 1878
contorta, Eucimpathes (van Pesch 1910) = Cirrhipathes contorta
contorta, Montipora Nemenzo & Montecillo 1981 = A/. confusa [768]
contorta, Oxypora Quelich 1886 =? Indonesia [621]
contorta, Platygyra Veron 1990
contorta, Seriatopora Studer 1878 =?
contorta, Stichopathes Thomson & Simpson 1905
contorta, Stylophora Ley. ? =? Mozambique [674]
contorta, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
conuis, Flabellum Moseley 1881
convexa, Acropora (Dana 1848) = A. hyacinthus
convexa, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora millepora [775\/Acropora
hyacinthus
convexa. Porites (Verrill 1864) = P. rus [674]
convexa, Synaraea Verrill 1864 = Porites rus
cooperi, Coeloria Gardiner 1904 = Oulophyllia crispa [839]
cooperi, Cycloseris (Gardiner 1909) = Fungia tenuis
cooperi. Fungia Gardiner 1909 = F. tenuis [354]
cooperi, Trochocyathus (Gardiner 1905)
cooperi, Tropidocyathus Gardiner 1905 = Trochocyathus cooperi
[123]
cophodactyla, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora humilis [87]
copiosa, Acropora Nemenzo 1967
corallium, Stylaster Cairns 1986
corbettensis, Montipora Veron & Wallace 1984
corbicula, ? Tenison-Woods 1880 = Truncatoflabellum corbicula
corbicula, Batotrochus (Pourtalés 1878) = Trematotrochus corbicula
corbicula, Trematotrochus (Pourtalés 1878)
corbicula, Truncatoflabellum (Tenison-Woods 1880)
corbicula, Turbinolia Pourtalés 1878 = Trematotrochus corbicula
cornicularis, Raodopsammia Alcock 1902 = ?
cornigera, Caryophyllia Lamarck 1816 = Dendrophyllia cornigera
[784]
conica, Leptopsammia van der Horst 1922 = Balanophyllia stimpsonii cornigera, Dendrophyllia (Lamarck 1816)
[126a]
conica, Madrepora listeri var. Brook 1893 = Acropora listeri
conica, Turbinaria Klunzinger 1879 = T. mesenterina [795]
cornu, Balanophyllia Moseley 1881
cornu, Crispatotrochus (Moseley 1881)
cornu, Cyathoceras Gardiner 1904 = Labyrinthocyathus delicatus {125}
196
cornu, Cyathoceras Moseley 1881 = Crispatotrochus cornu [118]
cornu. Labyvrinthocvathus (Gardiner 1904) = L. delicanus [125]
cornucopia, Dendrophyllia Pourtalés 1871 = Eguchipsammia
cornucopia
cornuformis, Carvophyllia Pourtales 1868
cornulum. Carvop/nllia Caims & Zibrowius 1997
cornuta, Madrepora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = 4cropora
palmata
corona, Fungia Doderlein 1901 = F. scruposa [354]
coronadosensis, Astrangia Durham 1947 = 4. haimei [691]
coronalis, Goniastrea Quelch 1886 = G. pectinata [839]
coronalis, Oculina Quelch 1886 =? Bermuda [621]
coronata, Astraea Dana 1848 = Monastrea curta [122
coronata. Favites (Studer 1881) =?
coronata, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora anthocercis [87]
coronata, Madrepora Rehberg 1892 =? Madagascar [631]
coronata. Montastrea (Dana 1848) = M. curta
coronata. Orbicella (Dana 1848) = Plesiastrea coronata [784]/
Montastrea curta [843]
coronata. Plesiastrea (Dana 1848) = Montastrea curta
coronata, Pocillopora Gardiner 1897 =? Fiji [261]
coronata, Prionastraea Studer 1881 =? Singapore [710]
coronatus. Odontocyathus (Pourtalés 1867)
coronatus, Paracyathus Duncan 1876
coronatus, Platytrochus Pourtalés 1867 = Odontocyathus coronatus
coronatus. Stephanocyathus (Pourtalés 1867) = Odontocyathus
coronatus
crassa, Fungia Dana 1848 = Ctenactis crassa [354]
crassa, Goniopora Crossland 1948
crassa. Heliopora (Dana 1848) = Crenactis crassa
crassa, Leptopsammia van der Horst 1922
crassa, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = 4cropora crassa
crassa, Meandrina Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = ?
crassa, Pavonia Dana 1848 = Pavona decussata [674]
crassa, Porites Quelch 1886 =? Fiji [621]. Tuvalu [835]
crassa, Schizopathes Brook 1889
crassa, Seriatopora Quelch 1886
crassa, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 = 7. mesenterina [768]
crassidens, Favia favus var. Crossland 1952 = F. favus
crassidentata, Mussa Rehberg 1892 = Lobophyllia cornnmbosa [484]
crassifolia, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Macclesfield Bank [28]
crassilabia, Madrepora nasuta var. Brook 1893 = Acropora nasuta
[792]
crassilabrum. Adelopora Caims 1991
crassior, Diploria Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =?
crassior, Prionastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Favites abdira
[839]
crassior. Stylaster Broch 1936
crassireticulata, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Macclesfield Bank [28]
crassiseptum, Balanophyllia Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
crassispinosa, Oxypora Nemenzo 1980
crassistellata, Porites Quelch 1886
crassitentaculata, Fungia Quoy & Gaimard 1833
= Heliofungia actiniformis [354]
coronatus. Trochocyathus (Pourtalés 1867) = Odontocyathus coronatus crassitheca, Balanophyllia Caims 1995
coronella, Favites Verrill 1901 =? Fiji [786]
corrugata, Caryophyllia Caims 1979
corsicus, Coenocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= Pourtalosmilia anthophyllites (881)
cortezi, Astrangia Durham & Barnard 1952 = 4. haimei [691]
cortezi, Dendrophyllia Durham & Barnard 1952 = D. oldroydi [123]
corticata, Antipathes Lamarck 1815 =?
corticata, Hyalopathes (Lamarck 1815) =?
corymbiformis, Madrepora corymbosa var. Brook 1893 = Acropora
cytherea
corymbiformis, Madrepora pyramiaalis var. Brook 1893 = Acropora
humilis
corymbosa. Acropora (Lamarck 1816) = Acropora cytherea
[637a.637c]
corymbosa, Caryophyllia (Forskal 1775) = Lobophyllia corymbosa
[501]
corymbosa, Lobophyllia (Forskal 1775)
corymbosa, Madrepora Forskal 1775 = Lobophyllia corymbosa
corymbosa, Madrepora Lamarck 1816 = Acropora cytherea
corymbosa, Mussa (Forskal 1775) = Lobophyllia corymbosa [497]
Coscinaraea Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = Coscinastrea
Coscinastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 60
Cosmoporites Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = Porites
costata, Astrangia Verrill 1866
costata, Balanophyllia socialis var. Duncan 1870 = B. stimpsonii
costata, Caryophyllia communis var. Pourtalés 1880 =?
costata, Cyphastraea Duncan 1863 = Montastrea annularis [889]
costata, Euphyllia 7? = Eusmilia costata [784)/?
costata, Lobophyllia (Dana 1848) = L. hemprichii [674]
costata, Mussa Dana 1848 = Lobophyllia hemprichii [772]
costatum, Desmophyllum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = D.
cristagalli/D. dianthus
costatus, Paracyathus Duncan 1878 =?
costulata, Cycloseris (Ortmann 1889) = Fungia costulata [354]
costulata, Fungia Ortmann 1889
costulata, Leptosmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Euphyllia
glabrescens [484]
crassa, Acropora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860)
crassa, Agaricia Verrill 1901 = A. agaricites [102.889]
crassa, Agaricia agaricites var. Verrill 1902 = A. agaricites
crassa, Coscinastrea Veron & Pichon 1980
crassa, Ctenactis (Dana 1848)
crassituberculata, Montipora Bernard 1897
crassolamellata, Fungia Milne Edwards & Haime 1851
= F. fungites [354]
crassum, Flabellum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= Truncatoflabellum crassum {116}
crassum. Truncatoflabellum (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
crassus, Herpetolithus Dana 1848 = Herpolitha limax (354)
crassus. Stephanocyathus (Jourdan 1895)
crassus, Stephanetrochus Jourdan 1895 = Stephanocyathus crassus
crater,Goniopora (Pallas 1766) = Turbinaria crater [784]
crater. Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Turbinaria crater
crater, Turbinaria (Pallas 1766)
Craterastrea Head 1983 = Leptoseris
crateriformis, Acropora (Gardiner 1898)
crateriformis, Madrepora Gardiner 1898 = Acropora crateriformis
crateriformis. Rhizotrochus Alcock 1893 =? India [6]
crenulatum, Flabellum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= Truncatoflabellum spheniscus [123]
crenulatus, Holcotrochus Dennant 1904
cribripora, Acropora (Dana 1848) = A. aspera
cribripora, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora aspera [775.792]
cribripora, Porites Dana 1848
cribrosa, Dendrophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1851
Crisp Pillow Coral 59)
crispa, Agaricia Ehrenberg 1834 = Leptoseris papyracea
crispa, Antipathes (Brook 1889)
crispa, Diaseris Pourtaiés 1871 = Fungiacyathus crispus [881]
crispa, Haloseris (Ehrenberg 1834) = Leptoseris papyracea [185]
crispa, Meandrina Lamarck 1816 = Oulophyllia crispa [839]
crispa, Merulina Dana 1848 = M. ampliata [772]
crispa, Oulophyllia (Lamarck 1816)
crispa, Pavonia (Ehrenberg 1834) = Leptoseris papyracea
crispa, Turbinaria Rehberg 1892 =? Tonga [631]
crispa, Tylopathes Brook 1889 = Antipathes crispa
crispata, Astrea Lamarck 1816 = Oulastrea crispata
crispata, Manicina Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = MM. areolata
[889]
crispata. Orbicella (Lamarck 1816) = Oulastrea crispata [784]
crispata, Oulastrea (Lamarck 1816)
Crispatotrochus Tenison-Woods 1878
crispus, Fungiacyathus (Pourtalés 1871)
116
197
cristagalli, Desmophyllum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = D.
dianthus [123]
cristagalli, Madrepora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = \fonripora
cristagalli
cristagalli, Millepora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = \/. alcicornis
[889]
cristagalli, Montipora (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834)
cristata. Euphyllia Chevalier 1972
cristata, Explanaria Lamarck 1816 =?
cristata. Lobophyilia (Esper 1791) =? Djibouti [298]. Palau [557].
Singapore [557]
cristata, Lophoseris (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Pavona cactus
cristata, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Pavona cacnis
cristata, Madrepora Esper 1791 = Lobophyllia costata [484)/L.
hemprichii
cristata, Mussa ?? =? Mozambique [332]
cristata, Pavona Lamarck 1801 = Agaricia agaricites [505.889]
crosnieri, Carvophyllia Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
crosslandi, Coeloria Matthai 1928 = Plan-gyra pini
crosslandi. Platygyra (Matthai 1928) = P. pini [674]
cruciseptata, Acropora Thiel 1932 =? Indonesia [728]
cruenta, Errina Boschma 1968
Crust Coral 103
crustacea, Halomitra (Pallas 1766) = Podabacia crustacea [371]
crustacea, Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Podabacia crustacea [371]
crustacea, Millepora Linnaeus 1758 = ?
crustacea, Podabacia (Pallas 1766)
cruzi, Millepora Nemenzo 1975
Cnptabacia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Polyphyllia [354]
Crnpthelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 =: 148
cryptocymas, Lepidopora Caims 1985
cryptotrema, Crypthelia Zibrowius 1981
Cryptotrochus Cairns 1988 116
Ctenactis Verrill 1864 71
Ctenella Matthai 1928 109
Ctenophyllia Dana 1848 = Meandrina
cubaensis, Oculina Duncan 1876 =? Caribbean [205]
cubensis, Caryophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Scolymia
cubensis
cubensis, Lithophyllia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849) = Scolymia
cubensis
cubensis, Scolymia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849)
cucullata, Acropora Verrill 1902 =?
cucullata, Agaricia (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Leptoseris cucullata
cucullata, Anthopora Gray 1835 = Snlophora digitata [503)/S.
pistillata
cucullata, Astreopora Lamberts 1980
cucullata, Dendrophyllia amphelioides var. Vaughan 1907 =
Enallopsammia rostrata [123.875]
cucullata, Helioseris (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Leptoseris cucullata
cucullata, Leptoseris (Ellis & Solander 1786)
cucullata, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786
= Leptoseris cucullata [185]
Culicia Dana 1848 78
cultrifera, Caryophyllia Alcock 1902 = Caryophyllia scobinosa [126a]
cultrifera, Euphyllia Dana 1848 = Plerogyra cultrifera [784)/P.
sinuosa [484]
cultrifera, Plerogyra (Dana 1848) = P. sinuosa [484]
cumingit, Balanophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
cumingii, Desmophyllum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = D.
dianthus (123]
cumingii, Flabellum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= Truncatoflabellum cumingii [116]
cumingii, Truncatoflabellum (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
cumulatus, Porites Nemenzo 1955
cuneata, Acropora (Dana 1848)
cuneata, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora cuneata
cupressina, Antipathes Pallas 1766 = A. abies
cupressus, Antipathes Pallas 1766
cupula, Turbinaria Ehrenberg 1834 =?
curta, Astraea Dana 1848 = Montastraea curta [430]
curta, Montastraea (Dana 1848)
curta. Orbicella (Dana 1848) = Plesiastrea curta [784]/Montastraea
curta [430]
curta, Plesiastrea (Dana 1848) = Montastraea curta
curvata, Antipathes van Pesch 1914
curvata, Caulastraea Wijsman-Best 1972
curvata. Crvpthelia Caims 1991
curvata. Cycloseris (Hoeksema 1989) = Fungia curvata [354]
curvata, Fungia Hoeksema 1989
curvatum, Flabellum Moseley 1881
curvatus, Crispatotrochus Caims 1995
cuspidata. Acropora (Dana 1848)
cuspidata, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora cuspidata!
cuspidata, Madrepora Esper 1791 = Galaxea fascicularis
cuspidata, Madrepora reticulata var. Brook 1893 = Acropora cytherea
[792]
cuspidatum. Anthophyllum (Esper 1791) = Galaxea fascicularis
cuticulata, Cylicia Klunzinger 1879 = Culicia cuticulata
Cvathelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 80
Cyathina Ehrenberg 1834 = Carvophyllia/Paracyathus
Cyathoceras Moseley 1881 = Crispatotrochus [118]
Cyathohelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Cyathelia
cyathohelioides, Dendrophyllia boschmai Eguchi 1965 = D. boschmai
[123]
cyathoides, Balanophyllia (Pourtales 1871)
cyathoides, Dendrophyllia Pourtalés 1871 = Balanophyllia cyathoides
Cyathotrochus Bourne 1905 116
cyathus, Anthophyllum (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Caryophyllia cyathus
cyathus, Caryophyllia (Ellis & Solander 1786)
cyathus, Cyathina (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Caryophyllia cyathus
cyathus, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Caryophyllia cyathus
cyclastra, Astraea Dana 1848 = ?
Cyclicia Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 = Culicia
Cyclohelia Cairns 1991 149
cyclolites, Cycloseris (Lamarck 1801) = Fungia cyclolites [354]
cyclolites, Fungia Lamarck 1801
cyclopea, Acropora (Dana 1848)
cyclopea, Madrepora Dana 1848 = ?Acropora robusta [775]
cyclopora, Errina Caims 1983 = Errinopora cyclopora
cyclopora. Errinopora (Caims 1983)
cycloptera, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = ?Acropora
robusta
Cycloseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Fungia
Cyclosmilia d'Orbigny 1849 = Parasmilia
cylicioides, Psammoseris Tenison-W oods 1879 =? Australia [717]
Cylicosmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Parasmilia
cylindraceus. Tethocyathus (Pourtalés 1868)
cylindraceus, Thecocyathus Pourtalés 1868 = Tethocyathus
cylindraceus
cylindrica, Antipathes Brook 1889
cylindrica, Lithophyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 =? Virgin
Islands of the United States [196]
cylindrica, Porites Dana 1848
cylindrica, Scapophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
cylindrica, Symphyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = /sophyllia
sinuosa [889]
cylindrica, Turbinaria Nemenzo ? = T. heronensis [768]
cylindricus, Coenocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
Cylindrophyllia Yabe & Eguchi 1937 = Peponocyathus [115]
cylindrus, Dendrogyra (Ehrenberg 1834)
cylindrus, Madrepora Ortmann 1892 =? Tanzania [560]
cylindrus, Maeandra Ehrenberg 1834 = Dendrogyra cylindrus
cylindrus, Meandrina (Ehrenberg 1834) = Dendrogyra cylindrus
CGylloseris Quelch 1886 = Leptoseris
cymas, Crypthelia Cairns 1986
cymbicyathus, Acropora (Brook 1893) = A. nasuta [430.674]
cymbicyathus, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora nasuta [792]
Cynarina Briiggemann 1877 87
Ophastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 95
198
cytherea. Acropora (Dana 1848)
cvtherea. Lobop/nilia (Dana 1848) = L. hemprichii
cytherea, Madrepora Dana 1848 = 4cropora cytherea [637c]}
cytherea, Mussa Dana 1848 = Lobophyilia hemprichii [772]
cytherella, Acropora WVerrill 1902 = 4. cvtherea [792]
dabneyi. Errina (Pourtales 1871)
dabneyi, Lepidopora Pourtalés 1871 = Errina dabneyi [885]
dactylophora, Madrepora Brook 1893 =? Indonesia [87]
dactylopoma, Crypthelia Cairns 1986
Dacnlotrochus Wells 1954
daedalea., Alveopora (Forskal 1775)
daedalea. Astroria (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Plan:gvra daedalea
daedalea. Coeloria (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Plangyra daedalea
daedalea, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Plangyra daedalea
[839]
daedalea. Madrepora Forskal 1775 = Alveopora daedalea
daedalea, Maeandra (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Plangvra daedalea
daedalea, Plangyra (Ellis & Solander 1786)
Daisy Coral 143
damicornis, Millepora Linnaeus 1758 = Pocillopora damicornis [582]
damicornis, Pocillopora (Linnaeus 1758)
dana, Synaraea Verrill 1872 =?
danae, Astrangia Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = 4. poculata [582]
danae, Ctenophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Meandrina
meandrites [889]
danae, Dendrophyllia Verrill 1872 = Tubastraea coccinea [372]
danae, Astraea Verrill 1872 = Favia favus [674.839]
danae, Fungia Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 =? Fiji (505).
Philippines [505]
danae, Lobactis Verrill 1864 = Fungia scutaria [354]
danae, Madrepora Verrill 1872 =?
danae, Montipora Milne Edwards & Haime 1851
danae, Pavonia Verrill 1872 =?
danae, Pocillopora Verrill 1864 nom. nov. P. favosa Dana 1848
= P. verrucosa [674.772]
danae, Porites Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 = Psammocora
contigua [122]
danae. Psammocora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1851) = P. contigua
danae, Stylophora Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = S. pistillata [674]
danae, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
Danafungia Wells 1966 = Fungia
danai, Acropora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860)
danai, Cyphastraea Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 =C. serailia [774]
danai, Danafungia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1851) = Fungia danai
danai, Favia Milne Edwards & Haime 1857
danai. Fungia Milne Edwards & Haime 1851
= F. horrida/scruposa [354]
danai, Lophoseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = ?Pavona cactus
[674]
danai, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = Acropora danai
[637c]
danai, Manicina Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = M. areolata [889]
danai, Mycedium Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = Agaricia
agaricites [889]
danai, Pavona Milne Edwards & Haime 1860
danai, Pectinia Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 =?
danai. Porites (Ellis & Solander 1786) = P. rus [674]
daniana, Lobophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 =? French
Polynesia [501]
daniana, Mycetophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849
daniana, Rhipidogyra Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Euphyilia
Simbriata [484.754)/Caryophyllia plicata
daphnense, Flabellum Durham & Barnard 1952
darwini, Placopsammia Duncan 1876 = Tubastraea coccinea [827]
Dasmosmilia Pourtalés 1880 134
Dasyphyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Caulastrea [484]
dawsoni, Peponocyathus Caims 1995
debile, Flabellum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= Truncatoflabellum spheniscus [123]
117
debilis, Cladocora Milne Edwards & Haime 1849
debilis. Stephanocoenia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = S.
intersepta [889]
decactis. Astraea Lyman 1859 = Madracis decactis [420]
decactis. Madracis (Lyman 1859)
decadia, Cyphastrea Moll & Best 1984
decamera. Stenocyathus Ralph & Squires 1962 = S. vermiformis [881]
decamera, Trochocyathus Cairns 1994
decapali. Carvophyllia (Yabe & Eguchi 1942) = C. quadragenaria
{123]
decapali. Carvophyllia scobinosa Y abe & Eguchi 1942 = C.
quadragenaria [123]
decipiens. Acropora (Brook 1892) = A. robusta [674)}
decipiens, Errina Boschma 1964 = Lepidopora decipiens
decipiens. Lepidopora (Boschma 1964)
decipiens, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora robusta [792]
decipiens, Paraerrina Broch 1942
decipiens, Porites Briiggemann 1879 = ? Federated States of
Micronesia [93]
decurrens, Heteropora Ehrenberg 1834 =?
decurrens, Madrepora (Ehrenberg 1834) =?
decussata, Pavona (Dana 1848)
decussata, Pavonia Dana 1848 = Pavona decussata
decussata, Psammocora Yabe & Sugiyama 1937
defilippii, Paracyathus Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 =? Barbados
(612). Cuba [613]. Dominica [614]. Granada [614]. Montserrat
[614]. Portugal: Azores [520]. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
[614]. Saint Kitts & Nevis [614]. United States [612]
deformata, Parastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Favia favus
deformis, Acropora (Dana 1848) = A. danai [792]
deformis, Aphrastraea (Lamarck 1816) = Favites pentagona
deformis, Astrea Lamarck 1816 = Favites pentagona [839]
deformis, Favia Eguchi & Shirai ? = ?
deformis, Goniastrea Veron 1990
deformis, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora danai
deformis, Porites Nemenzo 1955
delicata, Javania (Yabe & Eguchi 1942) = J. cailleti [116]
delicatula, Acropora (Brook 1893) = A. selago [674]
delicatula, Antipathes Schultze 1896
delicatula, Astraea Briiggemann 1879 = ? Federated States of
Micronesia [93]
delicatula, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora selago
delicatula, Maeandrina Ortmann 1888 =? Sri Lanka [558]. Samoa
[557]
delicatula, Millepora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = AV. alcicornis
[889]
delicatula, Porites compressa forma angustisepta subforma Vaughan
1907 = P. compressa
delicatum, Desmophyllum Yabe & Eguchi 1942 = Javania cailleti [116]
delicatus, Ceratotrochus Marenzeller 1904 = Labyrinthocyathus
delicatus [125]
delicatus, Labyrinthocyathus (Marenzeller 1904)
Deltocyathoides Yabe & Eguchi 1932
Deltocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
deltoides, Coeloria Rehberg 1892 =? Australia [631]
deludens, Flabellum Marenzeller 1904
demani, Acropora (Rehberg 1892)
demani, Madrepora Rehberg 1892 = Acropora demani
demidovit, Hydnophora Fischer de Waldheim 1807 = H. exesa [839]
dendritica, Stylophora Nemenzo 1964 = S. pistillata [277,661,768]
Dendrocora Duncan 1876 96
Dendrogyra Ehrenberg 1834 109
dendroidea, Stephanocoenia Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 =?
dendrophyllia, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 =? Australia
Dendrophyllia Blainville 1830 139
Dendrophylliidae Gray 1847 136
Dendrosmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Lophelia
dendrostylus, Lepidopora Caims 1991
dendrum, Acropora (Bassett-Smith 1890)
dendrum, Madrepora Bassett-Smith 1890 = Acropora dendrum
117
117
199
dendyi. Errina Hickson 1912
dennanti. Fungiacyvathus Caims & Parker 1992
dens, Flabellum Alcock 1902 = Truncatoflabellum dens
dens. Truncatoflabellum (Alcock 1902)
densa, Antipathes Silberfeld 1909
densa, Porites Vaughan 1918
densicaulis, Stlaster Moseley 1879
densiflora, Antipathes (Silberfeld 1909) = ?
densiflora, Cirripathes Silberfeld 1909 =? Japan [680]
densiflora. Stichopathes (Silberfeld 1909) =?
dichotoma, Madrepora Rehberg 1892 =? Palau [87.631]
dichotoma. Millepora Forskal 1775
dichotoma. Polypora Moseley 1876 = Sporadopora dichotoma
dichotoma. Sporadopora (Moseley 1876)
dichotoma. Turbinaria Verrill 1871 = T. peltata
Diechoraea Tenison-W oods 1879 = A/veopora
difficilis, Polycyathus Duncan 1889
diffluens. Agaricia (Lamarck 1816) = Pavona diffluens
diffluens, Astrea Lamarck 1816 = Pavona diffluens
diffluens. Lophoseris (Lamarck 1816) = Pavona diffluens
densimurata, Porites compressa forma Vaughan 1907 = P. compressa diffluens, Pavona (Lamarck 1816)
dentata. Anthemiphyllia (Alcock 1902)
dentata, Astrangia Verrill 1866
dentata, Balanophyllia Tenison-Woods 1879
dentata. Carvophyilia (Moseley 1881)
dentata, Fungia Dana 1848 = F. fungites [354]
dentata, Parahalomitra (Quelch 1884) = Sandalolitha dentata
dentata, Sandalolitha Quelch 1884
diffusa. Acropora (Verrill 1864)
diffusa, Balanophyllia Harrison & Poole 1909
diffusa. Lepidopora (Boschma 1963)
diffusa, Madrepora Verrill 1864 = Acropora diffusa
diffusa, Madrepora rosaria var. Brook 1893 = Acropora rosaria [792]
diffusa, Madrepora surculosa var. Dana 1848 = Acropora hyacinthus
diffusa, Oculina Lamarck 1816
dentatus. Acanthocyathus Moseley 1876 = Caryophyllia dentata [126a] diffusus, Errina Boschma 1963 = Lepidopora diffusa
dentatus, Discotrochus Alcock 1902 = Anthemiphyllia dentata [123]
dentatus, Stylaster Broch 1936
denticulata., Astraea (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Favia pallida
[122]/Favia favus
denticulata. Favia (Ellis & Solander 1786) = F. favus
denticulata, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Favia favus [839]
denticulata. Montipora Bemard 1897 =? Macclesfield Bank [28]
denticulata, Parastrea (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Favia favus
dentiformis. Carvophyllia (Alcock 1902) = Premocyathus dentiformis
[126a]
dentiformis, Placotrochides Alcock 1902 = Premocyathus dentiformis
dentiformis. Premocyathus (Alcock 1902)
dentigera, Fungia Leuckart 1841 = F. scutaria [354.674]
dentigera, Fungia scutaria var. Leuckart 1841 =F. scutaria
Dentipora Blainville 1830 = Oculina [803a]
dentosus, Sphenotrochus Boshoff 1981 nom. nud. = S. gilchristi [125]
depressa, Madrepora corymbosa var. Kiunzinger 1879 = Acropora
cytherea
depressa, Madrepora hemprichii var. Brook 1893 = Acropora
hemprichii
depressa, Madrepora pyramidalis var. Klunzinger 1879 = Acropora
humilis
desalwii, Acropora Wallace 1994
desbonni, Allopathes (Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864)
desbonni. Antipathes (Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864)
= Allopathes desbonni
desbonni, Cirripathes Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864
= Allopathes desbonni
desbonni, Stichopathes (Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864)
= Allopathes desbonni
deshayesiana, Acanthophyllia (Michelin 1850)
= Cynarina lacrymalis (33)
deshayesiana, Caryophyllia Michelin 1850 = Cynarina lacrymalis [33]
desmophyllioides, Balanophyllia Vaughan 1907
Desmophyllum Ehrenberg 1834 118
detrita, Madrepora Esper 1797 =?
Devonshire Cup Coral 114
diadema, Ceratotrochus Moseley 1876 = Stephanocyathus diadema
diadema, Stephanocyathus (Moseley 1876)
digitata, Leptoseris Vaughan 1907 = L. papyracea [185.674]
digitata, Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Snlophora pistillata
digitata, Madrepora valida var. Dana 1848 = Acropora valida
digitata, Manopora Dana 1848 = Montipora digitata
digitata, Millepora Esper ? = M. alcicornis
digitata, Montipora (Dana 1848)
digitata, Psarmmocora Milne Edwards & Haime 1851
digitata, Sideropora (Pallas 1766) = Stlophora pistillata
digitata, Stylophora (Pallas 1766) = S. pistillata [277.661]
digitifera, Acropora (Dana 1848)
digitifera, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora digitifera [637c]
dilatata, Balanophyllia Dennant 1904
dilatata, Dendrophyllia van der Horst 1927
dilatata, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora tenuis [792]
dilatata, Montipora Studer 1901
dilatata, Pavona Nemenzo & Montecillo 1985 = P. danai [768]
diminuta, Lobophyllia Veron 1985
diminuta, Pavona Veron 1990 = P. xarifae [78b]
dineta, Balanophyllia Caims 1977
diomedeae, Acropora Vaughan 1906 = A. nasuta [775]
diomedeae, Balanophyllia Vaughan 1907
diomedeae, Caryophyllia Marenzeller 1904
diomedeae, Crispatotrochus (Vaughan 1907) = C. rubescens
diomedeae, Cyathoceras Vaughan 1907 = Crispatotrochus rubescens
[123]
diomedeae, Pocillopora Vaughan 1906
Diploastrea Matthai 1914 97
Diploria Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 97
dipsacea, Acanthastraea (Lamarck 1816) = Mussismilia hispida
dipsacea, Astrea Lamarck 1816 = Mussismilia hispida [420]
dipsacea, Favia Audouin & Savigny 1825 =? South Africa [167]
dipsacea, Isophyllia (Dana 1848) = I. sinuosa [690]
dipsacea, Mussa Dana 1848 = Isophyllia dipsacea [784)/ Isophyllia
sinuosa [690]
Dipsastraea Blainville 1830 = Favia
discoidea, Porites Studer 1901 =? United States: Hawaiian Islands
(711.751]
discoides, Ceratotrochus Moseley 1876 = Stephanocyathus discoides
discoides, Madrepora Pallas 1766 = ?
diadema, Stephanotrochus (Moseley 1876) = Stephanocyathus diademadiscoides, Stepanotrochus (Moseley 1876) = Stephanocyathus discoides
Diafungia Duncan 1884 = ?
dianthus, Caryophyllia (Esper 1794) = Desmophyllum dianthus
dianthus, Desmophyllum (Esper 1794)
dianthus, Madrepora Esper 1797 = Desmophyllum dianthus
diaphana, Dendrophyllia Dana 1848 = Tubastrea diaphana [125]
diaphana, Tubastraea (Dana 1848)
Diaseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Fungia [354]
Dichocoenia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
Dichopsammia Song 1994
dichotoma, Antipathes Pallas 1766
dichotoma, Astrea Lesueur 1817 =?
110
140
discoides, Stephanocyathus (Moseley 1876)
discus, Cycloseris Quelch 1886 = ?Fungia sinensis [354]
discus, Fungia Dana 1848 = F. repanda [354]
discus, Leptopenus Moseley 1881
discus, Trochocyathus Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
dispar, Acropora Nemenzo 1967 = A. grandis [768]
dispar, Distichopora Caims 1991
dispar, Maeandra clivosa var. Verrill 1901 = Diploria clivosa
dispar, Podabacia Verrill 1901 = Lithophyllon undulatum [354]
disparata, Turbinaria Nemenzo 1980 = T. reniformis [768]
dispersa, Phyllangia Verrill 1864
200
dissecta, Antipathes Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = 4. pennacea
dissimilis, Acropora Verrill 1902 =?
dissimilis, Stichopathes Roule 1902 = S_ filiformis
distans, Mussa Klunzinger 1879 = Lobophyllia costata [484\/L
hemprichii
disticha, Acropora (Brook 1893) = A. nasuta [674]
disticha. Enallopsammia amphelioides Eguchi 1968 = E. rostrata [123] Dunocyathus Tenison-W oods 1878
disticha, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora nasuta
disticha, Oculina Pourtalés 1868 =? United States [610]
disticha, Pectinia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = Meandrina
meandrites [746.889]
Distichocyathus Brook 1893 = Acropora
Distichopora Lamarck 1816
distinctum, Flabellum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= F_ pavoninum [123]
distorta, Caulastraea Dana 1848 = C_furcata [839]
distorta, Cycloseris (Michelin 1842) = Fungia distorta
distorta, Diaseris (Michelin 1842) = Fungia distorta [354]
distorta. Fungia Michelin 1842
distortum. Anthophyllum (Michelin 1842) = Fungia distorta
divaricans, Porites compressa forma Vaughan 1907 = P. compressa
divaricata. Acropora (Dana 1848)
divaricata. Lophoseris (Lamarck 1816) = Pavona divaricata
divaricata, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora divaricata
divaricata, Montipora Briggemann 1879 = M. digitata [674]
divaricata, Pavona (Lamarck 1816)
divaricata, Pavonia Lamarck 1816 = Pavona divaricata
divaricata, Porites Lesueur 1820 = P. porites [102]
divaricata. Porites porites var. Lesueur 1820 = P. porites
divaricata, Psammocora Gardiner 1905 = P. contigua [674]
divergens, Allopora (Marenzeller 1904) = Stylaster divergens [111]
divergens, Madrepora Forskal 1776 = ?Galaxea fascicularis {501}
divergens, Stylaster Marenzeller 1904
diversa, Acropora (Brook 1891) = 4. secale (674)
diversa, Cirripathes Brook 1889 = Cirrhipathes spiralis [581]
diversa, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora secale
diversa, Pectinia Nemenzo & Montecillo 1981 = P. teres [768]
diversa, Stichopathes (Brook 1889) = Cirrhipathes spiralis
diversidens, Fungia Milne Edwards & Haime 1851
= Heliofungia actiniformis [354]
divisa, Euphyllia Veron & Pichon 1980
djiboutiensis, Goniopora Vaughan 1907
doederleini, Cantharellus (Marenzeller 1907)
doederleini, Cycloseris (Marenzeller 1907) = Cantharellus doederleini
[354]
doederleini, Fungia Marenzeller 1907 = Cantharellus doderleini
Doederleinia Gardiner 1909 = Sandalolitha [354]
dofleini, Antipathes Pax 1915=? Japan [573]
149
dumosa, Madrepora rosaria forma Brook 1893 = Acropora dumosa
dumosa, Pourtalosmilia Alcock 1902 = Goniocorella dumosa [123]
duncani. Antillia Yabe & Sugiyama 1931
= Trachvpinilia geoffrovi [33]
Duncania Pourtalés 1874 = Gardineria [116]
Duncanopsammia W ells 1936 140
118
duofaciata, Goniopora Thiel 1932 = G. planulata (674)
dura. Conopora Hickson & England 1909
durotrix. Hoplangia Gosse 1860
durus, Fungiacyathus keller 1976 = F. svmmetricus
durvillei, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = Acropora
echinata
ebonensis. Paracyathus Verrill 1867
eburnea, Diplohelia W. Koch 1886 = Schizoculina fissipara [421]
eburnea, Galaxea Pourtalés 1871 = Javania cailleti [881]
eburnea, Hornera Calvet 1903 = Lepidopora eburnea
eburnea, Javania (Moseley 1881) = J. cailleti [116]
eburnea, Lepidopora (Calvet 1903)
eburnea. Trymhelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = ?
eburneum. Desmophyllum (Pourtalés 1871) = Javania cailleti [116.881]
eburneum, Desmophyllum Moseley 1881 = ?
eburneus. Monomyces ?Dana = ?
eccentricus, Deltocyathus Caims 1979
echidnaea, Madrepora (Lamarck 1816) =?
echidnaea, Oculina Lamarck 1816 = ?
Echinastraea Blainville 1830 = Echinopora
echinata. Acanthastrea (Dana 1848)
echinata, Acropora (Dana 1848)
echinata, Astraea Dana 1848 = Acanthastrea echinata [772.784]
echinata, Cladopsammia Cairns 1984
echinata. Ctenactis (Pallas 1766)
echinata, Echinophyilia (Kent 1871)
echinata, Errina (Moseley 1879) = Stellapora echinata
echinata, Fungia (Pallas 1766) = Ctenactis echinata [354]
echinata, Lobophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = L. hemprichii
[484]
echinata, Madrepora Dana 1848 = [Acropora echinata]??
echinata, Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Ctenactis echinata [354]
echinata, Prionastraea (Dana 1848) = Acanthastrea echinata
echinata, Spinipora Moseley 1879 = Stellapora echinata
echinata, Stellapora (Moseley 1879)
echinata, Stenohelia Eguchi 1968
echinata, Tridacophyllia Kent 1871 = Echinophyllia echinata
echinatus, Ericiocyathus Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
echinatus, Pliobothrus Cairns 1986
echinatus, Stylaster Broch 1936 = S. filogranus [110]
dohrni, Coenocyathus Déderlein 1913 = Caryophyllia inornata [880c] echinatus, Zoopilus Dana 1848
dominicensis, Agaricia Vaughan 1919 = A. agaricites [889]
Domoseris Quelch 1886 = Leptoseris
donei, Acropora Veron & Wallace 1984
donnani, Coscinaraea Gardiner 1905 = Coscinastrea monile [674]
doreyensis, Favia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849) = F. pallida [839]
doreyensis, Parastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Favia pallida
dubia, Antipathes (Brook 1889)
dubia, Caryophyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 =? Virgin
Islands of the United States [196]
dubia, Fungia patella var. Déderlein 1902 = F. distorta [354]
83
oF
Echinophyllia Kiunzinger 1879
Echinopora Lamarck 1816
echinoporoides, Echinophyllia Veron & Pichon 1980
echinulata, Caulastraea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
echinulata, Dasyphyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Caulastrea
echinulata [839}
echinulata, Porites Kiunzinger 1879
echinulata, Stichopathes Brook 1889
echinulata, Stylina (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) = Caulastrea
echinulata
dubia, Lithophyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 =? United States eclipsensis, Goniopora Veron & Pichon 1982
(611). Virgin Islands of the United States [90]
dubia, Sclerhelia Nemenzo 1980
dubia, Tylopathes Brook 1889 = Antipathes dubia
duchassaingii, Stylaster Pourtalés 1867
duerdeni, Pavona Vaughan 1907
duerdeni, Porites Vaughan 1907
dumetosa, Axohelia Duchassaing ? =? Barbados [612]. Bermuda 520].
Cuba [613]. Virgin Islands of the United States [612]
dumosa. Acropora (Brook 1893)
dumosa, Goniocorella (Alcock 1902)
ecuadoriana, Solenastrea Durham & Barnard 1952 = Pavona clavus
[827]
edwardsi, Coeloria Gardiner 1899 = Platygyra daedalea [839]
edwardsi, Goniastrea Chevalier 1972
edwardsi. Leptoseris Rousseau 1854
edwardsi, Lithophyllon (Rousseau 1854) = Leptoseris edwardsi [354]
edwardsi, Montipora Bernard 1897
edwardsi, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 =? Australia
edwardsii, Astrangia Verrill 1866 = A. poculata [582]
edwardsii, Madrepora Rehberg 1892 = ?
201
efflorescens. Acropora (Dana 1848) =.4. cytherea (637a. 637¢.674)
efflorescens, Madrepora Dana 1848 = 4cropora cytherea [792}
efflorescens, Montipora Bernard 1897
effusa. Acropora (Dana 1848) = 4. digitifera [674)/4. nasuta [792]
effusa, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora digitifera/A. nasuta [792]
effusa, Manopora Dana 1848 = Montipora effusa
effusa. Montipora (Dana 1848)
eguchii, Balanophyllia Wells 1982 = Cladopsammia eguchii [123]
eguchii, Cladopsammia (Wells 1982)
eguchii. ? Boschma 1966 = Snlaster eguchii
eguchii. Sn'laster (Boschma 1966)
Eguchipsammia Cairns 1994
ehrenbergi, Favia Kiunzinger 1879 = F. favus [674]
ehrenbergi. Favites (Klunzinger 1879) = Favia favus [482]
ehrenbergi, Millepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 =?
ehrenbergi, Stlophora Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 =? New
Caledonia [482]
ehrenbergi, Turbinaria Marenzeller 1901 = 7. mesenterina
ehrenbergiana, Coeloria Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 =?
ehrenbergiana, Coenopsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =
Tubastraea coccinea [125.889]
ehrenbergiana, Dendrophyllia van der Horst 1922 = D. coccinea
(276)/Cladopsammia gracilis
ehrenbergiana, Leptastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850
= L. purpurea [674.844]
ehrenbergii, Astraeopora Bernard 1896 = 4. mvriophthalma [429]
ehrenbergii,Ctenactis (Leuckart 1841) = Ctenactis echinata
ehrenbergii, Echinopora Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = E.
gemmacea [744.844]
ehrenbergii, Fungia (Leuckart 1841) = Crenactis echinata
ehrenbergii. Herpetolithus Leuckart 1841 = Ctenactis echinata [354]
ehrenbergii, Hydnophora Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = H. exesa
[839]
ehrenbergii, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = Acropora
pharaonis
ehrenbergii, Montipora Verrill 1872
eibli, Acropora Pillai & Scheer 1976 = A. granulosa [674]
elassotomus, Stylaster Fisher 1938
elata, Rhizosmilia Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
Elegance Coral
elegans, Acropora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860)
140
elegans, Antipathella Thomson & Simpson 1905 =? Sri Lanka [734] Endopsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
elegans, Antipathes (Brook 1889)
elegans, Balanophyllia Verrill 1864
elegans, Bathycyathus Studer 1878 = Dasmosmilia variegata
elegans, Coeloria Rehberg 1892 =? Australia [631]
elegans, Cycloseris (Verrill 1870) = Fungia curvata [354]
elegans, Dendrophyllia van der Horst 1922
elegans, Echinopora Verrill 1901 = E. lamellosa [744.844]
elegans, Flabellum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= Truncatoflabellum candeanum [123]
elegans, Fungia Verrill 1870 = F. curvata [354]
elegans, Helioseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = ?
elegans, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = Acropora
elegans
elegans, Mycedium (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849) =? Indonesia
[505]. Tanzania [470]
elegans, Pectinia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = Meandrina
meandrites [746.889]
elegans, Pocillopora Dana 1848 = P. verrucosa [631b.674)/
P. grandis [261]
elegans, Podabacia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860?) = Lithophyllon
undulatum
elegans, Seriatopora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 =? China [89].
Singapore [89,508,710]
elegans, Stephanocyathus Seguenza ? =? Barbados [614]
elegans, Stylaster Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864
= S. duchassaingii [105.110]
elegans, Stylaster Verrill 1864 = S. sanguineus [105]
elegans, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 = T. mesenterina [795]
202
elegans, Tylopathes Brook 1889 = Antipathes elegans
elegantula, Acropora (Ortmann 1889) = 4. aculeus [674]
elegantula, Madrepora Ortmann 1889 = Acropora aculeus [7792]
elephantotus. Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Mycedium elephantotus
elephantotus. Mycedium (Pallas 1766)
Elkhom Coral
elliptica. Acropora (Rehberg 1892)
elliptica. Astreopora Y abe & Sugiyama 1941
elliptica, Dichocoenia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = D. stokesii
[889]
elliptica, Heteropsammia Tenison-W oods 1878 =? Australia [716]
elliptica, Madrepora Rehberg 1892 = Acropora elliptica
Elliptical Star Coral
ellisi, Montipora Bernard 1897 = ?
ellisiana, Favites Verrill 1901 = F. virens [839]
ellisii, Sarcinula Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Galaxea
Jascicularis
ellisii, Solenastrea Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 =?
elongata, Caryophyllia Cairns in Cairns & Keller 1993 =
Caryvophyllia crosnieri (126a]
elongata. Caryophyllia clavus var. Duncan 1873 =?
elongata. Favia Eguchi & Shirai ? =?
elongata. Pectinia (Rehberg 1892)
elongata, Pocillopora Dana 1848 = P. eydouxi
elongata, Porites Lamarck 1816 = Stlophora pistillata [661]
elongata, Porites compressa forma Vaughan 1907 = P. compressa
elongata, Sideropora (Lamarck 1816) = Splophora pistillata
elongata, Smlophora (Lamarck 1816) = S. pistillata [277]
elongata, Thecopsammia Moseley 1881
elongata, Tridacophyllia Rehberg 1892 = Pectinia elongata
elongatum, Flabellum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =
Truncatoflabellum ? {118} Philippines [495]
elschneri, Montipora Vaughan 1918
elseyi, Acropora (Brook 1892)
elseyi, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora elseyi
eltaninae. Caryophyllia Caims 1982
eminens, Turbinaria Nemenzo ? = T. irregularis [768]
46
110
Enallopsammia Michelotti 1871 140
Endhelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Crnpthelia
119 Endocyathopora Cairns 1989 118
Endopachys Lonsdale 1845 140
141
endothecata, Caryophyllia Duncan 1882 =? Portugal: Madeira [208]
enoplos. Stichopathes Schultze 1903 = ?
ephyala, Caryophyllia Alcock 1891
epithecata, Astrangia Duncan 1876
epithecata, Caryophyllia Duncan 1873
equatorialis, Astrangia Durham & Barnard 1952
equisepta, Goniastrea Nemenzo 1959 = G. aspera [768)/G. australensis
[839]
erecta, Anacropora Bernard 1897
erecta, Dendrophyllia Nemenzo 1960 = ?Dendrophyllia arbuscula
[126a]
erecta, Sarcinula Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =?
Ericiocyathus Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
ericoides, Antipathes Pallas 1766
ericoides, Arachnopathes (Pallas 1766) = Antipathes ericoides
eridani, Favia Umbgrove 1940 = F. valenciennesi [839]
eridani, Porites Umbgrove 1940
erinaceus, Antipathes (Roule 1905)
erinaceus, Aphanipathes Roule 1905 = Antipathes erinaceus
erosa, Cycloseris (Déderlein 1901) = Fungia tenuis [354]
erosa, Fungia Déderlein 1901 = Fungia tenuis [354]
erosa, Manopora Dana 1848 =? Fiji [173a]
erosa. Montipora (Dana 1848) =? Fiji [557]. French Polynesia [557].
Philippines [621]
erosa, Porites Dana 1848
erosa, Synaraea (Dana 1848) = Porites erosa
erotema, Bathypathes Schultze 1903
Errina Gray 1835
119
Errinopora Fisher 1931 150
Errinopsis Broch 1951 150
erubescens, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Sniaster erubescens
erubescens, Stylaster Pourtalés 1868
envthraea. Acanthastrea (Klunzinger 1879) = Sympivilia ervthraea
ervthraea. Acropora (Klunzinger 1879) = 4. humilis [674]
erythraea, Isophyllia Kiunzinger 1879 = Svmphvilia ervthraea
erythraea, Madrepora Klunzinger 1879 = Acropora humilis
erythraea. Montipora Marenzeller 1906
= M. ehrenbergi [661\/M. aequituberculata [674]
envthraea, Snlophora Marenzeller 1907 = S. pistillata [661]
ernvthraea. Symphyilia (Kiunzinger 1879)
Envthrastrea Scheer & Pillai 1983
eschara, Millepora Linnaeus 1758 =?
esperi, Astroria Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Plan-gyra daedalea
[839]
98
exigua, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Indonesia [28]
exigua, Plangyra Nemenzo 1959 = Gonastrea favulus [839]
exigua. Porites Dana 1848 =? Fiji. Palau [221]
exilis. Acropora (Brook 1892) = A. elsevi [674.792]
exilis, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora elseyi [792]
exilis, Porites Gardiner 1898
eximia, Astraea Dana 1848 = Goniastrea retiformis [839]
eximia. Goniastrea (Dana 1848) = G. retiformis
eximius, Stylaster Kent 1871 = S. duchassaingi [105.110]
expanda. Snlophora Nemenzo 1964 = S. pistillata [277.768]
expansa, Astraea Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 =?
expansa, Astraeopora Briiggemann 1877
expansa, Leiopathes Johnson 1900
expansa, Manopora Dana 1848 = Montipora hispida [775]
expansa, Montipora (Dana 1848) = M. hispida
explanans, Stephanocyathus (Marenzeller 1904)
espert. Coeloria (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849) = Plan'gyra daedalea explanans, Stephanotrochus Marenzeller 1904 = Stephanocvathus
[839]
esperi, Madrepora Rehberg 1892 =?
explanans [125]
Explanaria Lamarck 1816 = Turbinaria
esperi, Meandra (Milne Edwards & Haime 1857) = Platygyra daedalea explanata, Allopora Kent 1871 = Snlaster nobilis
[839]
esperi, Millepora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 =?
etheridgei. Notophyllia Hoffmeister 1933
ethica, Madrepora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = Acropora
palmata
euantha, Bathypathes Pasternak 1958
eucladia, Madrepora spicifera var. Dana 1848 = Acropora spicifera
eueides, Crypthelia Cairns 1986
Eumadrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora
Euphyllia Dana 1848 119
Eupsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 141
eupsammides, Heterocyathus Gray 1849 = Heteropsammia
eupsammides
eupsammides. Heteropsammia (Gray 1849)
eupteridea. Antipathes Lamouroux. Bory de Saint Vincent &
Deslongchamps 1824
eupteridea. Aphanipathes (Lamouroux. Bory de Saint-Vincent &
Deslongchamps 1824) = Antipathes eupteridea
europaea, ? Risso 1826 = Balanophyllia europaea
europaea. Balanophyllia (Risso 1826)
eurysepta, Plerogyra Nemenzo 1960
eurystoma. Acropora (Klunzinger 1879) = A. tenuis [2792]
eurystoma, Madrepora Klunzinger 1879 = Acropora tenuis [792]
Eusmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 119
Eusmillidae Verrill 1866 = Caryophylliidae
Eusthenotrochus Wells 1935 = Sphenotrochus
eustropha, Stichopathes Pax 1931 =?
evermanni, Porites Vaughan 1907
evexicostatus, Sphenotrochus Cairns in Cairns & Keller 1993
exaesa. Millepora Forskal 1775
excavata, Angia Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Culicia excavata
excavata, Culicia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850)
excavata, Plerogyra Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = P. sinuosa
[484]
excavata, Porites Verrill 1869 = P. lobata
excavatus, Sphenotrochus Tenison-Woods 1878
excelsa, Alveopora Verrill 1864
excelsa, Astraea Dana 1848 = Solenastrea hyades
excelsa, Orbicella (Dana 1848) = Solenastrea excelsa [784\/S. hyades
excelsa, Solenastrea (Dana 1848) = Solenastrea hyades
exerta, Physogyra Nemenzo & Ferraris 1982
exesa, Coscinastrea (Dana 1848)
exesa, Hydnophora (Pallas 1766)
exesa, Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Hydnophora exesa
exesa, Montipora Verrill 1871 =? Philippines [621]
exesa, Psammocora Dana 1848 = Coscinastrea exesa [772]
exigua, Acropora (Dana 1848) = A. formosa [674]
exigua, Lophohelia Pourtalés 1871 = Madrepora exigua [881]/ =?
exigua, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora formosa
exigua, Madrepora (Pourtalés 1871) =? United States [611.613]
explanata. Alveopora Hoffmeister 1945
explanata, Antillia Pourtalés 1874 = ? Barbados [90.612]
explanata. Astreopora Veron 1985
explanata, Galaxea Quelch 1886 =? Fiji [621]
explanata, Leptoseris Yabe & Sugivama 1941
explanata, Maeandra clivosa var. Verril! 1901 = Diploria clivosa
explanata, Montipora Briggemann 1879
explanata, Phyllastrea Verrill 1864 =? French Polynesia [776]
explanata, Porites Quelch 1886 =? Philippines [621]
explanatum, Mycedium (Verrill 1864) = ?
explanatus. Stylaster (Kent 1871) = S. nobilis [105]
explanulata, Agaricia Lamarck 1816 = Pavona explanulata
explanulata, Lophoseris (Lamarck 1816) = Pavona explanulata
explanulata, Montipora Bernard ? = ? British Indian Ocean Territory
[672]
explanulata, Pavona (Lamarck 1816)
explanulata, Psammocora van der Horst 1922
exquisita, Acropora Nemenzo 1971
exserta, Montipora Quelch 1886
exserta, Porites Pillai 1969
extensa, Pocillopora elegans Scheer 1964 = P. verrucosa
exusta, Cladangia Litken 1873
eydouxi, Pocillopora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860
evdouxii, Lobophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = L. connmbosa
[484]
Jacetus. Labyrinthocyathus Caims 1979
fairbanksi, ? Vaughan ? =?
Jairbanksi, Solenastrea (Vaughan ?) =?
Falcatoflabellum Caims 1995 131
fallosocialis, Bathypsammia Squires 1959
False Pillow Coral 62
Sanningensis, Favia stelligera var. Vaughan 1918 = F. stelligera
fasciatus, Trochocyathus Caims 1979
fascicularis, ? Caims 1983 = Lepidotheca fascicularis
fascicularis, Galaxea (Linnaeus 1758)
Sascicularis, Lepidotheca (Caims 1983)
Sascicularis, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = Galaxea fascicularis
Sascicularis, Sarcinula (Linnaeus 1758) = Galaxea fascicularis
fasciculata, Caryophyllia Lamarck 1816 = Galaxea fascicularis
fasciculata, Caryophyllia Risso 1826 =? Algeria [387]. France [874].
Italy [387]
Sasciculata, Millepora Lamarck 1816
Sasciculatum, Anthopyllum (Lamarck 1816) = Galaxea fascicularis
fasciculatum, Desmophyllum (Risso 1826) = ?
Jastigiata, Acropora Nemenzo 1967 =?
fastigiata, Caryophyllia (Pallas 1766) = Eusmilia fastigiata
Jastigiata, Eusmilia (Pallas 1766)
Jastigiata, Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Eusmilia fastigiata
Saulkneri, Tubastraea Wells 1982
203
Sfaustinoi, Porites Hoffmeister 1925 = P. rus [768] fissurata, Errina Gray 1872
Saveolata, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = \Montasrrea annularis fistula, Balanophyllia Alcock 1902 = Dendrophvllia fistula
[786] [125 )/Eguchipsammia fistula
faveolata, Millepora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 =? fistula, Dendrophyilia (Aicock 1902) = Eguchipsammia fistula
Favia Oken 1815 98 Sistula, Eguchipsammia (Alcock 1902)
Faviidae Gregory 1900 93 fistulosa, Lobophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849
favistella, Astraea Dana 1848 = Goniastrea pectinata [839] = L. corymbosa [674]
favistella. Goniastrea (Dana 1848) = G. pectinata flabellata. Envthrastrea Scheer & Pillai 1983
favites Madrepora Pallas 1766 =? flabellata, Eusmilia fasigiata Wells ? = E. fastigiata
Favites Link 1807 100 flabellata, Montipora Studer 1901
favosa. Astraea (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Favites virens flabellata, Stylophora Quelch 1886 = S. pistillata [768]
Javosa. Favites (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Favites virens Flabellidae Bourne 1905 131
favosa. Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Favites virens [839] Alabelliformis. Acropora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860) = Acropora
favesa, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 =? microclados
favsa, Pocillopora Dana 1848 = P. verrucosa Alabelliformis. Allopora (Lamarck 1816) = Snlaster flabelliformis [503]
favosa, Pocillopora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 flabelliformis, Antillia Yabe & Sugiyama 1931
= P. damicornis [674] = Trachyphyllia geoffroyi (33)
favosa, Porites Dana 1848 flabelliformis. Antillophyllia (Yabe & Sugiyama 1931)
Javosa. Prionastrea (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Favites virens = Trachyphyllia geoffroyi
favosa, Tubipora Lamarck 1801 =? flabelliformis, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = Acropora
Favositopora kent 1870 = Alveopora microclados
Sfavulus, Astraea Dana 1848 = Goniastrea pectinata [143] Slabelliformis, Oculina Lamarck 1816 = Snlaster flabelliformis
favulus, Goniastrea (Dana 1848) = G. pectinata flabelliformis, Porites LeSueur 1820 =? Guadeloupe [506]
Javulus, Prionastrea (Dana 1848) = Goniastrea pectinata Slabelliformis, Rhizotrochus Cairns 1989
favus. Favia (Forskal 1775) flabelliformis. Stylaster (Lamarck 1816)
Javus. Madrepora Forskal 1775 = Favia favus [839] Alabellina, Agaricia Lamouroux 1821 = Merulina ampliata [505]
fecunda, Anomocora (Pourtalés 1871) Sflabellum, Antipathes Pallas 1766
Secunda, Coelosmilia Pourtalés 1871 = Anomocora fecunda Slabellum, Madrepora Lamarck 1816 = ?
fecunda, Parasmilia (Pourtalés 1871) = Anomocora fecunda [881] flabellum., Rhipidipathes (Pallas 1766) = Antipathes flabellum
Jenestrata, Alveopora (Lamarck 1816) Slabellum, Sphenophyllia Moseley 1881 =?
Jenestrata, Errinopsis Caims 1983 flabellum, Tylopathes (Pallas 1766) = Antipathes flabellum
fenestrata, Millepora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = M. alcicornis Flabellum Lesson 1831 131
Senestrata, Pocillopora Lamarck 1816 = Alveopora fenestrata [506] flagellum, Cirripathes Brook 1889 = Stichopathes flagellum
Sernandezii, Antipathes Pourtalés 1874 flagellum, Stichopathes (Brook 1889)
Jernande=ii, Parantipathes (Pourtalés 1874) = Antipathes fernandezii _ flagellum, Stichopathes Roule 1902 =? Morocco [648]. Portugal:
Jerox, Mycetophyllia Wells 1973 Madeira [648]
ficoides, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 =? flammans, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Australia [28]
fieldi, Fungia Gardiner 1909 = F. scruposa [354] Flat Lettuce Coral 83
Jijiensis, Alveopora Hoffmeister 1932 = A. spongiosa [772] Slatiliseptis, Sabinotrochus Alcock 1902 =? Siboga exp. stat. 211
filicosa, Astraea Dana 1848 = Favites virens [839] [684]
filicosa, Favites (Dana 1848) = F. virens Mlatiliseptis, Stephanocyathus (Alcock 1902) =?
filicosa, Orbicella (Dana 1848) = Favites virens flexuosa, Astraea Dana 1848 = Favites flexuosa [839]
Siliformis, Cirrhipathes Gray 1868 = Stichopathes filiformis flexuosa, Caryophyllia Lamarck 1816 = Cladocora stellaris [784/C.
filiformis, Stichopathes (Gray 1868) cespitosa
filigrana, Fungia patella var. Déderlein 1902 = F_ fungites Slexuosa, Cladocora (Lamarck 1816) = Cladocora stellaris {784\/C
filix, Antipathes Pourtalés 1867 = Aphanipathes filix cespitosa
filix, Aphanipathes (Pourtalés 1867) flexuosa, Coenopsammia (Lamarck 1816) = Cladocora stellaris
filix, Parantipathes (Pourtalés 1867) = Aphanipathes filix [784)/C. cespitosa
filograna, Madrepora Esper 1791 = Diploria clivosa [786.889] flexuosa, Cyathina Ehrenberg 1834 =?
Silograna, Meandrina (Esper 1791) = Diploria clivosa [786] flexuosa, Echinopora Verrill 1864 = E. lamellosa [744.844]
filogranus, Stylaster Pourtalés 1871 flexuosa, Euphyllia picteti var. Bedot 1907 = Catalaphyllia plicata
fimbriata, Euphyllia (Spengler 1799) [819]
Jimbriata, Madrepora Spengler 1799 = Euphyllia fimbriata flexuosa, Favites (Dana 1848)
Simbriata, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Australia [28] flexuosa, Lobophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = L. costata
Finger Coral 146 [484)/L. hemprichii
fiordensis, Antipathes Grange 1990 flexuosa, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = ?
Fire Corals 145 flexuosa, Porites Dana 1848 =? Barbados [506]
Sirma, Anacropora Nemenzo & Ferraris 1982 = A. forbesi [768] flexuosa, Prionastrea (Dana 1848) = Favites flexuosa
Jisheri, Distichopora Broch 1942 = D. violacea {105} flexuosum, Flabellum Caims 1982
fissa, Ctenophyllia (Ehrenberg 1834) =? floreana, Tubastraea Wells 1982
fissa, Manicina Ehrenberg 1834 = Colpophyllia natans [889] florida, Acropora (Dana 1848)
Sissidiscus, Fungiacyathus Cairns & Zibrowius 1997 florida, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora florida [637c]
Sissilabia, Madrepora laxa var. Brook 1893 =? florida, Montipora Nemenzo 1967
Sissilis, Fungiacyathus Cairns 1984 floridana, Balanophyllia Pourtalés 1868
Jissilis, Letepsammia Caims 1995 floridana, Crypthelia Cairns 1986
fissilis, Schizocyathus Pourtalés 1874 Jloridanum, Flabellum ??
fissipara, Dendrocora Duncan 1876 florulenta, Dendrophyllia van der Horst 1902
fissipara, Oculina Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Schizoculina flos, Paracyathus Pourtalés 1878 = Phacelocyathus flos
fissipara flos, Phacelocyathus (Pourtalés 1878)
Jissipara, Schizoculina (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850) Flower Coral 120
204
floweri. Montipora Wells 1954
fluctuosa, Pachyseris Verrill 1864 =? Kiribati [776]
foeniculacea, Antipathes Pallas 1766 = 4. dichoroma
foeniculum, Antipathes Lamarck 1815 = 4. dichotoma
foliacea, Distichopora Pourtales 1868
foliata, Coscinaraea Nemenzo 1980 = Leptoseris vabei [768]
foliata, Millepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = Af. alcicornis [44]
foliosa, ? Verrill 1866 = Pavona foliosa
foliosa, Haliglossa Ehrenberg 1834 = Herpolitha limax [334]
foliosa, Leptoseris Dinesen 1980
foliosa. Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Montipora foliosa
foliosa, Montipora (Pallas 1766)
foliosa, Pachyseris Veron 1990
foliosa. Pavona (Verrill 1866)
foliosa, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
Folioseris Rehberg 1892 = Leptoseris
foliosus. Herpetolithus (Ehrenberg 1834) = Herpolitha limax
folium, Merulina (Lamarck 1816) = Hydnophora exesa
folium, Monticularia Lamarck 1816 = Hydnophora exesa [839]
folium, Psammocora Umbgrove 1939
folliculus. Peponocyathus (Pourtalés 1868)
folliculus, Stephanophyllia Pourtalés 1868
= Peponocyathus folliculus [123]
Fongia Blainville 1820 = Fungia /354)
forbesi, Anacropora Ridley 1884
foresti, Caryophyllia Zibrowius 1980
formosa. Acropora (Dana 1848)
formosa, Balanophyllia Gravier 1915 = Leptopsammia formosa
formosa, Callogyra Verrill 1901 = Trachyphyllia geoffroyi
formosa, Caryophyllia Pourtalés 1867 = C. berteriana [118]
formosa, Crypthelia Caims 1983
formosa. Cyathohelia Alcock 1898 = Madrepora formosa [880\/?
formosa. Leptopsammia (Gravier 1915)
formosa. Madracis Wells 1973
formosa. Madrepora (Alcock 1898) =? Indonesia [880]. Maldives
[7.880]
formosa, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora formosa [359.637c]
formosa, Pavona (Dana 1848)
formosa, Pavonia Dana 1848 = Pavona formosa
formosa, Podabacia Yabe & Sugiyama 1936
= Lithophyllon undulatum [354]
formosa, Sclerhelia (Alcock 1898) = Madrepora formosa [880]
formosissima, Letepsammia (Moseley 1876)
formosissima, Stephanophyllia Moseley 1876
= Letepsammia formosissima (116)
formosum, Truncatoflabellum Cairns 1989
formosus. Deltocyathus Caims 1995 = D. suluensis
forskaelana, Heliastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Montastraea
Sorskaelana
Jorskaelana, Montastraea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850)
forskali, Millepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = M. alcicornis
[44]/?
Sorskaliana, Astrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Echinopora
forskaliana [744.844]
forskaliana, Coeloria Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Platygyra
lamellina? [839]
forskaliana, Echinopora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850)
foveolata, Millepora Crossland 1952 =? Australia [168]. Taiwan
(171)
foveolata. Montipora (Dana 1848)
Foveolocyathus Cairns 1997
Joxi. Crispatotrochus (Durham & Bamard 1952)
foxi, Cyathoceras Durham & Barnard 1952 = Crispatotrochus fox!
[118]
fragile, Flabellum Caims 1977 = F. floridanum
fragile. Mycedium (Dana 1848) = Agaricia fragilis
Fragile Saucer Coral 6
fragilis. Adelopora Caims 1991
fragilis, Agaricia (Dana 1848)
Jragilis. Antipathes (Brook 1889)
fragilis. Antipathes Gravier 1918 = A. lenta
fragilis, Astraea Dana 1848 = Favia speciosa [839]
fragilis, Colpophyilia (Dana 1848) = ?
fragilis, Cnpthelia Caims 1983
fragilis, Deltocyathus Alcock 1902 = D. rotulus [125]
fragilis, Diaseris Alcock 1893 = Fungia fragilis [354]
fragilis. Distichopora Quelch 1884 = D. gracilis [105]
fragilis, Favia (Dana 1848) = F. speciosa
fragilis, Fungia (Alcock 1893)
Jragilis. Fungiacyathus Sars 1872 = Fungiacyathus symmetricus
fragilis, Galaxea Quelch 1886 =? Indonesia [621]
Jragilis. Isophyllia (Dana 1848) = 1. sinuosa
fragilis, Leptoria Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = Colpophyllia
natans [889]
Jragilis. Leptoseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1849
fragilis, Madrepora Bassett-Smith 1890 = Acropora rambleri [87]
fragilis, Montipora Quelch 1886
fragilis, Mussa Dana 1848 = Isophyllia fragilis [784)/I. sinuosa [484]
fragilis, Mycedia Dana 1848 = Agaricia fragilis
fragilis, Polymyces (Pourtalés 1868)
fragilis, Porites compressa forma Vaughan 1907 = P. compressa
fragilis, Pteropathes Brook 1889 = Antipathes fragilis
fragilis, Rhizotrochus Pourtales 1868 = Polymyces fragilis
Fragilocyathus Yabe & Eguchi 1932 = Aulocyathus
fragosa, Montipora Verrill 1869
fragosa, Porites Dana 1848 = P. australiensis [674]
fragum, Favia (Esper 1797)
fragum, Madrepora Esper 1797 = Favia fragum [690]
fragum, Parastrea (Esper 1797) = Favia fragum
fralinae, Fungia Nemenzo 1955
franciscana, Ceratotrochus Durham & Barnard 1952
Sranki, Letepsammia Owens 1994
franksi. Echinopora Gregory 1895 = Montastraea annularis [889]
fraterna, Acropora Verrill 1902 = A. digitifera [792]
Jreycineti, Cycloseris (Milne Edwards & Haime 1851)
= Fungia sinensis [354]
Sreycineti, Diaseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1851
= Fungia sinensis [354]
friabilis, Montipora Bernard 1897
Frogspawn Coral 119
frondens, Gemmipora Dana 1848 = Turbinaria frondens [784]
Srondens, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Australia [28]
frondens, Turbinaria (Dana 1848)
frondifera, Lophoseris (Lamarck 1816) = Pavona frondifera
120
iv)
forskaliana, Solenastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Cyphastreafrondifera, Pavona (Lamarck 1816)
serailia [744.844]
forskalii, Acropora (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834)
forskalii, Heteropora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Acropora
Sorskalii
fortis, Madrepora hemprichii var. Klunzinger 1879 = Acropora
hemprichii
Sossae, Montipora Crossland 1952 =? Australia [168]
fossata. Coscinaraea (Dana 1848) = Coscinastrea columna
fossata, Psammocora Dana 1848 = Coscinastrea columna (122)
fossulus, Trochocyathus Caims 1979
foveolata, Manopora Dana 1848 = Montipora foveolata
frondifera, Pavonia Lamarck 1816 = Pavona frondifera
frondosa, Agaricia Duchassaing 1870 =?
frondosa, Madrepora Brook 1893 =?
frondosa, Pocillopora Verrill 1869
frondosa, Psammocora Verrill 1872 = P. contigua [771]
frustrum, Placotrochides Caims 1979
Srustum, Anthemiphyllia Cairns 1994
fruticosa, Acropora (Brook 1892) = A. humilis [430]
Sruticosa, Antipathes Gray 1857
Sruticosa, Aphanipathes (Gray 1857) = Antipathes fruticosa
Sruticosa, Goniopora Kent 1891
fruticosa, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora humilis
205
Sruticosa, Montipora Bernard 1897
fruticulosa, Echinopora Wlunzinger 1879 = E. gemmacea [744.844]
fuegoensis. Piyllangia Squires 1963
fulvacea. Distichopora Michelin 1862 = ?D. violacea [103]
fulvus, Paracyathus Alcock 1893
fulvus. Polycvathus Wijsman-Best 1970
funafutensis, Orbicella Gardiner 1899 = Montastrea curta [843]
funafutiensis, Madrepora botryodes var. Whitelegge 1898 = Af.
botrvodes
fungia, Polyphyllia Dana 1848 = P. talpina [354]
Fungia Lamarck 1801 71
Fungiacyathidae Chevalier 1987 70
Fungiacyathus Sars 1872 70
fungiformis. Astreopora (Michelin 1840) = Turbinarta peltata
fungiformis. Gemmipora Michelin 1840 = Turbinaria peltata
Jungiformis, Montipora Bernard 1897 = Af. monasteriata [674]
fungiformis, Turbinaria (Michelin 1840) = Turbinaria peltata
Fungiidae Dana 1848 70
fungites, Fungia (Linnaeus 1758)
fungites, Halomitra Studer 1901 =? Philippines [711]
fungites, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = Fungia fungites [354]
fungulus, Stephanophyllia Alcock 1902
funicolumna, Ceratotrochus Alcock 1902 = Conotrochus funicolumna
[123]
funicolumna, Conotrochus (Alcock 1902)
furanaensis, Polycyathus Verheij & Best 1987
furcata, Antipathes Gray 1857
furcata, Caulastraea Dana 1848
furcata, Pavonia Rehberg 1892 =? Federated States of Micronesia
[631]
furcata, Porites Lamarck 1816 = P. porites [102]
furcata, Porites porites var. Lamarck 1816 = P. porites
fuscomarginata, Phyllangia K\unzinger 1879
= Polycyathus fuscomarginatus [881]
fuscomarginatus, Polycyathus (Klunzinger 1879)
fuscoviridis, Astraea Quoy & Gaimard 1833 = Favites abdita [839]
fuscoviridis. Prionastraea (Quoy & Gaimard 1833) = Favites abdita
[839]
Suscus, Placotrochus Vaughan 1907
Fused Staghom Coral 46
gaditana, Balanophyllia Duncan 1873 = Eguchipsammia gaditana
[123]
gaditana, Dendrophyllia (Duncan 1873) = Eguchipsammia gaditana
gaditana, Eguchipsammia (Duncan 1873)
gailei. Favites Chevalier 1972 = F. pentagona [842]
gaimardi, Coenopsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =
Tubastraea coccinea [889]
gaimardi, Leptosmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Euphyllia
glabrescens [484]
gaimardi, Montipora Bernard 1897
gaimardi, Porites Milne Edwards & Haime 1851
galapagense, Desmophyllum Vaughan 1906 = Javania cailleti [118]
galapagensis, Amphelia (Vaughan 1906) = Madrepora oculata
galapagensis, Antipathes Deichmann 1941
galapagensis, Balanophyllia Vaughan 1906
galapagensis, Crispatotrochus Cairns 1991
galapagensis, Javania (Vaughan 1906) = J. cailleti [118]
galapagensis, Madrepora Vaughan 1906 = M. oculata [123]
galapagensis, Pavona Durham & Barnard 1952 = P. clivosa
[631b.691)/[P. clavus]
galapagensis, Stvlaster Cairns 1986
galatheae, Bathypathes Pasternak 1977
galaxea, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Astreopora listeri
galaxea, Siderastrea (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Astreopora listeri
galaxea. Siderina (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Siderastrea radians
[784)/Astreopora listeri
Galaxea Oken 1815
galeata, Porites Nemenzo 1955
galeriformis, Lithactinia (Dana 1848) = Polyphyllia novaehiberniae
80
galeriformis, Polyphyllia Dana 1848 = P. novaehiberniae [354]
gallensis, Antipathes Thomson & Simpson 1905
garanbiensis, Pavona Yabe & Ehara 1936 =? Palau [221]. Taiwan
[221.862]
gardineri, Cirripathes Forster Cooper 1904 = Cirrhipathes anguina
(581]
gardineri, Cyphastrea Matthai 1914 = C. microphthalma [744.844]
gardineri. Flabellum Caims 1982
gardineri, Leptoseris van der Horst 1921
gardineri, Paracyathus Vaughan 1907 = Trochocyathus gardineri
[107]
gardineri, Pavona van der Horst 1922 = Leptoseris gardineri (674)
gardineri, Sphenotrochus Squires 1961
gardineri, Trochocyathus (Vaughan 1907)
gardineri, Truncatoflabellum Cairns in Cairns & Keller 1993
Gardineria Vaughan 1907 132
Gardineroseris Scheer & Pillai 1974 64
gardnerensis, Astrangia Durham & Barnard 1952 = 4. equatorialis
[118]/A. browni [827]
gasti, Desmophyllum Déderlein 1913 = Thalamophyllia gasti
gasti. Thalamophyllia (Déderlein 1913)
geminata, Heteropsammia Verrill 1870 = H. cochlea [674\/H.
eupsammides [356]
gemma, Balanophyllia (Moseley 1881)
gemma, Thecopsammia Moseley 1881 = Balanophyllia gemma [126a}
gemmacea. Echinopora (Lamarck 1816)
gemmacea, Explanaria Lamarck 1816 = Echinopora gemmacea
[744.844]
gemmae, Madrepora Esper ? =?
gemmae, Pachyseris Nemenzo 1955
gemmans, Cladangia Chevalier 1966 = Schizoculina africana [421]
gemmascens. Allopora (Esper 1797) = Snlaster gemmascens
gemmascens, Madrepora Esper 1797 = Stvlaster gemmascens
gemmascens. Oculina (Esper 1797) = Stvlaster gemmascens [503]
gemmascens, Stylaster (Esper 1797)
gemmifera, Acropora (Brook 1892)
gemmifera, Balanophyllia Kiunzinger 1879
gemmifera, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora humilis [87.637c]
Gemmipora Blainville 1830 = Turbinaria
gemmulata, Manopora Dana 1848 = ?
gemmulata, Montipora (Dana 1848) =?
gemmulata. Turbinaria (Dana 1848) =?
Gemmutlatrochus Duncan 1878 = Hoplangia
generatrix, Balanophyllia Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
geoffroyi, Antillia (Audouin 1826) = Trachyphyllia geoffroyi
geoffroyi, Favia Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Favia favus
geoffroyi. Parastrea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1857) = Favia favus
[839]
geoffroyi. Trachyphyllia (Audouin 1826)
geoffroyi. Turbinolia Audouin 1826 = Trachyphyllia geoffroyi
geographica, Diploria Whitfield 1901 = D. labyrinthiformis [786]
gephura, Sibopathes van Pesch 1914
gerdae, Rhizosmilia Caims 1978
gibbosa, Agaricia (Dana 1848) = A. agaricites
gibbosa, Mycedia Dana 1848 = Agaricia agaricites
gibbosa, Prionastraea Klunzinger 1879 = Favites abdita [839]
gibbosa, Solenastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Cyphastrea
serailia [744.844]
gibbosissima, Prionastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Favites
pentagona [839]
gibiari, Turbinaria peltata var. Crossland 1952 = T. peltata
gibsonhilli, Porites Wells 1950 = P. cylindrica [122
giesbrechti, Coenocyathus Déderlein 1913 = Caryophyllia inornata
[880c]
gigantea, ?Coeloria Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 =? Japan [839]
gigantea, Conopora Caims 1991
gigantea, Crypthelia Fisher 1938
gigantea, Ctenactis (Dana 1848) = C. echinata
gigantea, Fungia Dana 1848 = Ctenactis echinata [354]
gigantea, Maeandra Yabe & Sugiyama 1935 =?
206
gigantea. Pavona (Vermill 1869)
gigantea, Pavonia V errill 1869 = Pavona gigantea
gigas. Alveopora Veron 1985
gigas, Astrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 =?
gigas, Balanophyllia Moseley 1881
gigas, Caryophyllia van der Horst 1931 = Rhizosmilia gigas
gigas, Rhizosmilia (van der Horst 1931)
gilchristi. Sphenotrochus Gardiner 1904
Ginger Coral 146
gippslandicus, ? Dennant 1889 = Truncatoflabellum gippslandicus
gippslandicus. Truncatoflabellum (Dennant 1899)
glaberrima. Antipathes Esper 1794 = Leiopathes glaberrima
glaberrima. Leiopathes (Esper 1794)
glabra. Echinopora Chevalier 1975 = E. mammiformis [744.844]
glabra, Errina Pourtales 1867 = Lepidopora glabra [110]
glabra. Lepidopora (Pourtalés 1867)
glabra, Leptoseris Dinesen 1980
glabra, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Australia [28]
glabra, Oxypora Nemenzo 1959
glabrescens. Caryophyllia Chamisso & Eysenhardt 1821 = Euphyllia
glabrescens
glabrescens, Euphyllia (Chamisso & Eysenhardt 1821)
glabrescens. Leptosmilia (Chamisso & Eysenhardt 1821) = Euphyllia
glabrescens
glabrescens. Lobophyllia (Chamisso & Eysenhardt 1821) = Euphyllia
glabrescens
glans. Cycloseris (Dana 1848) = Fungia cyclolites
glans, Fungia Dana 1848 = Fungia cyclolites (354)
glanulosa. Goniocorella Hu 1987 = Goniocorella dumosa [126a]
glauca, Acropora (Brook 1893)
glauca, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora glauca
glaucopis, Astraea Dana 1848 = Diploastrea heliopora [744.844]
glaucopis. Diploastrea (Dana 1848) = D. heliopora [844]
glaucopis. Orbicella (Dana 1848) = Diploastrea heliopora
glebulenta, Crypthelia Cairns 1986
globata, Madrepora cytherea var. Klunzinger 1879 = Acropora
cytherea
globiceps, Acropora (Dana 1848) = A. humilis [87]
globiceps, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora humilis [807]
globosa, Siderastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = ?
globularis, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 = T. stellulata [674]
glochiclados, Acropora (Brook 1893)
glochiclados, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora glochiclados
glomerata, Cyphastrea Nemenzo 1988 = ?C. serailia [768]
glomerata, Mussa Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = ?Lobophyllia
corymbosa [484]
glomerata, Pocillopora Gardiner 1897 =? Tuvalu [261]
glossopoma, Crypthelia Cairns 1986
glutinata, Antipathes Totton 1923
glynni, Siderastrea Budd & Guzman 1994
goesi, Dendrophyllia Lindstrom 1877 =? Cuba [614]
Golfball Coral
gombergi, Thalamophyllia Caims 1979
gomezae, Zoopilus Nemenzo 1980 = Z. echinatus [354,768]
gonagra, Acropora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860)
gonagra, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = Acropora
gonagra
gonagra, Millepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = M. exaesa [61]
gonagra, Psammocora K\unzinger 1879 = P. contigua [674]
99
Goniastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 102
Goniocorella Yabe & Eguchi 1932 120
Goniocyathus Yabe & Eguchi 1932 = Caryophyllia
[809]/Dasmosmilia [123]
Goniopora Blainville 1830 54
goodei, Flabellum Venill 1868 = F. alabastrum [122]
goodei, Plesiastrea Verrill 1900
= Stephanocoenia michelinii [420.690)/S. intersepta [122.889]
goodei, Stephanocoenia (Verrill 1900) = S. michelinii [420)/S.
intersepta
gordoni, Trochocyathus Caims 1995
Goreaugvra Wells 1973 = Meandrina [889]
goreaui, Coenocyathus Wells 1972
goroensis. Barabattoia Yabe & Sugiyana 1941 = B. amicorum [839]
gothica, Millepora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 =? Virgin Islands
of the United States [196]
gouldii. Svndepas Lyman 1857 =? Venezuela [776]
gracile, Desmophyllum Studer 1878 =? New Zealand [699]
gracile. Flabellum (Studer 1878) =?
gracilis, Acropora (Dana 1848) = ?.4. formosa
gracilis, Anacropora Quelch 1886
gracilis. Antipathella (Gray 1857) = Stichopathes gracilis
gracilis. Antipathes G. von Koch 1889 = ?. lenta
gracilis, Antipathes Gray 1857 = Stichopathes gracilis
gracilis, Antipathes Gray 1860 = ?4. atlantica
gracilis, Antipathes Thomson & Simpson 1905 =? Sri Lanka [734]
gracilis, Astraeopora Bernard 1896
gracilis, Caulastraea yokoyamai var. Yabe & Sugiyama 1931 = C.
tumida [871]
gracilis. Cladopsammia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
gracilis, Dendrophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =
Cladopsammia gracilis {123}
gracilis, Distichopora Dana 1848
gracilis, Errina Marenzeller 1903
gracilis, Euphyllia Dana 1848 = Eusmilia fastigiata [484]
gracilis. Goniopora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860)
gracilis, Leptoria (Dana 1848) = L. phry-gia
gracilis, Leptosmilia (Dana 1848) =?
gracilis, Lophohelia Seguenza ? = L. pertusa
gracilis, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora formosa [359.792]
gracilis, Meandrina Dana 1848 = Leptoria phrygia [839]
gracilis, Montipora K\unzinger 1879
gracilis, Paracyathus indicus var. Alcock 1893 = P. indicus
gracilis, Pliobothrus Zibrowius & Cairns 1992
gracilis, Rhodaraea Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = Goniopora
gracilis
gracilis, Seriatopora caliendrum var. Dana 1848 = S. hystrix
gracilis, Stichopathes (Gray 1857)
gracilis, Stylaster Milne Edwards & Haime 1850
gracilis, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 =? Australia
gradata. Stylophora Dana 1848 =? Fiji [631], Papua New Guinea
[631]
grahamae., Agaricia Wells 1973
grandiflora, Antillia Gerth 1921 = Cynarina lacrymalis [33]
grandiflora, Antipathes Silberfeld 1909
grandifolia, Manopora Dana 1848 = Montipora grandifolia
grandifolia. Montipora (Dana 1848)
grandilobata, Meandrina Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Diploria
clivosa [786]
grandis, Acanthastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 =? Red Sea
[502]
grandis, Acropora (Brook 1892)
grandis, Antipathes Verrill 1928
grandis, Balanophyllia Caims 1977
grandis, Caryophyllia Gardiner & Waugh 1938
grandis, Dendrophyllia micranthus var. Crossland 1952 = Tubastraea
micrantha
grandis, Fungia fungites var Déderlein 1902 = F. fungites
grandis, Hydnophora Gardiner 1904
grandis, Lobophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = ?
grandis, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora grandis
grandis, Pocillopora Dana 1848 = P. eyvdouxi [674]
grandis, Pocillopora sensu Gardiner 1897 = P. symmetrica
grandis, Symphyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = S. radians [484]
granifera, Montipora Bernard 1897
granimurata, Porites compressa forma Vaughan 1907 = P. compressa
granosa, Dendrophyllia Studer 1878
granosa, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = ?
granulata, Astrangia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = 4. solitaria
[821.889]
granulata, Diafungia Duncan 1884 = ?
207
granulata, Montipora Bernard 1897 = \f. informis [674]
granulata, Phyllangia W. Koch 1886
granulata. \ishasiderastrea Zou 1975 =?
granulosa. Acropora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860)
granulosa. Allopora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850) = Snlasrer
granulosus
granulosa. Dichopsammia Song 1994
granulosa. Distichopora Quelch 1884 = D. gracilis [105]
granulosa, ? Caims 1983 = Lepidopora granulosa
granulosa, Fungia Kiunzinger 1879
granulosa, Goniopora Pillai & Scheer 1976
granulosa. Lepidopora (Caims 1983)
granulosa, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = Acropora
granulosa
granulosa, Montipora Bernard 1897
granulosus, Fungiacyathus Cairns 1989
granulosus, Stylaster Milne Edwards & Haime 1850
Grape Coral
gravida, Acropora (Dana 1848) = 4. florida [674.792]
gravida, Favia Verrill 1868
gravida, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora florida [637a.637¢.792]
gravieri, Hornera Calvet 1911 = Pliobothrus svmmetricus [885]
gravieri, Leptoseris van der Horst 1922 = L. hawaiiensis [185]
gravieri, Orbicella Vaughan 1918 nom. nov. O. annuligera Vaughan
1907 = Plesiastrea versipora [843]
gravieri, Physogyra Vaughan 1907
gravieri, Plesiastrea (Vaughan 1918) = P. versipora
gravis, Dendrophyllia Bassett-Smith 1890 =? Tizard Bank [22]
gravis, Fungia Nemenzo 1955
grayi, Acanthocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= Caryophyllia grayi
gray, Antipathes (Roule 1902)
grayi, Caryophyllia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
grayi, Endopachys Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
119
hadros. Balanophyllia Caims 1979
haeckeli, Plesiastrea Bruggemann 1878 = Favites pentagona [839]
hahazimaensis, Coscinastrea Yabe & Sugiyama 1936
haimei. Acropora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860)
= 4. vongei [674.775]
haimei, Astrangia V errill 1866
haimei, Fungia Verrill 1864 = F. fungites [354.674]
haimei, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860
= Acropora yongei
haimiana. Plesioseris (Milne Edwards & Haime 1851) = Psammocora
haimiana
haimiana, Psammocora Milne Edwards & Haime 1851
halianthus. Leptocyvathus Lindstrom 1877 = ?
halicora, Astraea Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Favites halicora
halicora, Favites (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834)
halicora, Prionastraea (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) = Favites
halicora
Haliglossa Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Herpolitha [354]
Halomitra Dana 1848 74
Haloseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Leptoseris
hancocki, Aphanipathes Forster Cooper 1909
hancocki, Astrangia Durham & Barnard 1952 = 4. haimei [691]
hancocki, Sphenotrochus Durham & Barnard 1952
hanzawai, Astrocoenia (Yabe & Sugiyama 1933) = Snlocoeniella
armata [806]
hanzawai, Stlocoenia Yabe & Sugiyama 1933 = Shlocoeniella armata
[87]
Haplophyllia Pourtalés 1868 = Gardineria [116]
harmeri, Flabellum Gardiner 1929 = Monomyces rubrum [116]
hartti, Mussa Verrill 1868 = Mussismilia harttii [420]
harttii, Mussismilia (Verrill 1868)
harttii, Protomussa (Verrill 1868) = Mussismilia harttii
harttii, Symphyllia Verrill 1868 = Mussismilia hispida [420]
hassi, Stylophora Scheer 1967 = S. wellsi [277.661]
grayi, Goniastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = G. pectinata [839] hassi, Symphyllia Pillai & Scheer 1976 = S. valenciennesii [674]
grayi, Paratylopathes (Roule 1902) = Antipathes grayi
grayi, Tylopathes Roule 1902 = Antipathes grayi
Great Star Coral
Green Cactus Coral
grimaldi, Antipathes Roule 1905 =?
grimaldii, Leiopathes Roule 1902
grisea, Montipora Bernard 1897
groentandicus, Stylaster erubescens Zibrowius & Cairns 1992 = S.
erubescens
guadalupensis, Porites Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = P.
astreoides [889]
105
38
hastatus, Platytrochus Dennant 1902
hastatus, Trochocyathus Bourne 1903
Hat Coral
hataii, Lobophyllia Yabe, Sugiyama & Eguchi 1936
hattorii. ? Eguchi 1968 = Snlaster hattorii
hattorii, Stylaster (Eguchi 1968)
hawaiiensis, Balanophyllia Vaughan 1907 = B. cornu/B. gigas [123a]
hawaiiensis, Bathyacris Vaughan 1907 = Fungiacyathus fragilis
[122)/Fungiacyathus symmetricus
hawaiiensis, Caryophyllia Vaughan 1907
hawaiiensis, Favia Vaughan 1907 = Leptastrea purpurea [744.844]
63
guadulpensis, Isophyllia sensu Pourtalés 1871 = Isophyllastrea rigida hawaiiensis, Fungiacyathus (Vaughan 1907) = F. Sragilis [116]
[484]
hawaitiensis, Gardineria Vaughan 1907
guadulpensis, Symphyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = /sophyllia hawaiiensis, Leptastrea Vaughan 1907 = L. bottae [744.844]
sinuosa [889]
guentheri, Seriatopora Briiggemann 1877 = ? New Guinea
guentheri, Stylocoeniella (Bassett-Smith 1890)
guentheri, Stylophora Bassett-Smith 1890 = Stylocoeniella guentheri
guineensis, Orbicella annularis var. Gravier 1909 = Montastrea
annularis
guppyi, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora humilis [87]
guppyi, Montipora Bernard 1897 = M. spumosa [674]
Guynia Duncan 1872
Guyniidae Hickson 1910 135
Gyropora Boschma 1960 151
gyrosa, Colpophyllia (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Colpophyllia natans
135
hawaiiensis, Leptoseris Vaughan 1907
hawaiiensis, Porites Vaughan 1907 = P. rus [773]
hayamaensis, Astrangia Eguchi 1968 = Phyllangia hayamaensis [123]
havamaensis, Phyllangia (Eguchi 1968)
hebes, Acropora (Dana 1848) = 4. aspera [430]
hebes, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora aspera [775.792]
Hedgehog Coral
hedleyi, Trematotrochus Dennant 1906
helenae, Agelecyathus Duncan 1876 = ? Saint Helena [141.205]
helenae, Balanophyllia Duncan 1876 =? Saint Helena [205]
helianthoides, Favia Wells 1954
helianthoides, Plesiastrea Wells 1954 = Favia laxa [839]
gyrosa, Hydnophora Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = H. exesa [839] helianthus, Symphyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = /sophyllia
gyrosa, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Colpophyllia natans
[151]
gyrosa. Mussa (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Colpophyllia natans
Gyrosmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 120
hachijoensis, ? Eguchi 1968 = Lepidotheca hachijoensis
hachijoensis, Lepidotheca (Eguchi 1968)
haddoni, Porites Vaughan 1918 = P. lutea [807]
sinuosa [889]
Heliastraea Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Montastrea
Heliofungia Wells 1966 74
heliopora, Astrea Lamarck 1816 = Diploastrea heliopora [744.844]
heliopora, Diploastrea (Lamarck 1816)
heliopora, Orbicella (Lamarck 1816) = Diploastrea heliopora
Heliopora Blainville 1830 29
Helioporidae Moseley 1876 29
208
Helioseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Leptoseris
hellana, Madracis Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 =? Mauritius
[503]. Papua New Guinea [709]
helli. Echinopora Rousseau 1854 = E. hirsutissima [744.844]
hemisphaerica, Heteropora corymbosa var. Ehrenberg 1834 =
Acropora cytherea
hemisphaerica. Psammoseris (Gray 1849) = Heterocyathus
aequicostatus [356]
hemisphaericus, Heterocyathus Gray 1849 = H aequicostatus
hemispherica, Symphyllia Tenison-W oods 1879 =? Australia [720]
hemprichiana, Solenastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 =
Cyphastrea serailia [744.844]
hemprichti. Acanthastrea (Ehrenberg 1834)
hemprichii. Acropora (Ehrenberg 1834)
hemprichii, Astraea Ehrenberg 1834 = Favites abdita [839]
hemprichii, Explanaria Ehrenberg 1834 = Lobophyllia hemprichii
(844]
hemprichii. Favia (Ehrenberg 1834) = Acanthastrea hemprichit
hemprichii. Favites (Ehrenberg 1834) = F. complanata [674]
hemprichii, Heteropora Ehrenberg 1834 = Acropora hemprichii
hemprichii, Lobophyllia (Ehrenberg 1834)
hemprichii, Manicina Ehrenberg 1834 = Favites complanata
hemprichii, Mussa (Ehrenberg 1834) = Favites complanata
hemprichii, Pocillopora Ehrenberg 1834 = P. verrucosa [674}
hemprichii, Prionastraea (Ehrenberg 1834) = Favites abdita
hemprichii, Stephanocora Ehrenberg 1834 = Echinopora gemmacea
[744.844]
hemprichii, Strombodes Ehrenberg 1834 = Acanthastrea hemprichii
hentscheli. Porites Thiel 1928 = P. astreoides [421]
herdmani, Antipathes Forster Cooper 1909 = ?
herdmani, Cyathotrochus Bourne 1905
heronensis, Porites Veron 1985
heronensis, Turbinaria Wells 1958
Herpetoglossa Wells 1966 = Ctenactis [354]
Herpetolitha Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Herpolitha (354)
Herpolitha Eschscholtz 1825 74
heteroclados. Acropora (Brook 1893)
heteroclados, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora heteroclados
heterocostatus, Heterocyathus Harrison 1911 = H. alternatus [356]
heterocyathus, Galaxea Ortmann 1889 =? Sri Lanka [558]
Heterocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 120
heterogyra, Meandrina Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Maeandra
cerebrum [786)/Diploria strigosa
Heteropora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Acropora
Heteropsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 141
heterorhodzos, Antipathes Forster Cooper 1909
= Bathypathes heterorhodzos
heterorhodzos, Bathypathes (Forster Cooper 1909)
heterosticha, Hexapathes Kinoshita 1910
hexagonalis, Cycloseris (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
= Fungia hexagonalis [354]
hexagonalis, Fungia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
hexagonalis, Galaxea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
= G. fascicularis (602.674)
hexagonalis, Sarcinula Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= Galaxea fascicularis
hexagonus, Bathytrochus Gravier 1915
Hexapathes Kinoshita 1910 34
hicksoni, Errina Boschma 1963 = Lepidopora eburnea
hicksoni, Lepidopora (Boschma 1963) = L. eburnea
hieroglyphica, Leptoria Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = Diploria
clivosa [889]
hillae, Acanthastrea Wells 1955
Hillopathes van Pesch 1914 34
hirsuta, Acanthastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 =? Tuvalu
[265]
hirsuta, Astraeopora Bernard 1896 = A. ocellata [429]
hirsuta, Echinophyllia Nemenzo 1980
hirsuta, Goniopora Crossland 1952 =? Australia [168]
hirsuta, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? ?Tonga [28]
hirsuta, Montipora Nemenzo 1967
hirsuta. Prionastrea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850) =?
hirsutissima, Echinopora Milne Edwards & Haime 1850
hirsutum. Antipathes Hickson 1924 =?
hirta, Antipathes Gray 1857
hirta, Orbicella cavernosa var. Verrill 1901 = Montastrea cavernosa
(122]
hirta. Parantipathes (Gray 1857) = Antipathes hirta
hirta. Tylopathes Roule 1902 =?
hirtella. Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Sclerhelia hirtella
hirtella,Oculina (Pallas 1766) = Sclerhelia hirtella
hirtella. Sclerhelia (Pallas 1766)
hispida. Acropora (Brook 1891) = A. cuneata [768]
hispida. Isopora (Brook 1891) = Acropora cuneata
hispida, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora cuneata
hispida, Manicina Ehrenberg 1834 = M. areolata [786.889]
hispida, Manopora Dana 1848 = Montipora hispida
hispida. Montipora (Dana 1848)
hispida, Mussa Verrill 1901 = Mussimilia hispida
hispida, Mussismilia (Vertill 1901)
hispidula, Montastrea (Verrill 1901) = M. annularis
hispidula, Orbicella Verrill 1901 = Montastrea annularis [122.889]
hispidus, Ceratotrochus Pourtalés 1878 = Pourtalocyathus hispidus
hispidus, Pourtalocyathus (Pourtalés 1878)
histrix, Ulastraea Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 =? Virgin Islands
of the United States [197]
hiugaensis. Ceratotrochus Yabe & Eguchi 1942 = Conotrochus
funicolumna (123)
hodgsoni, Polycyathus Verheij & Best 1987
hoffmeisteri, Culicia Squires 1966
hoffmeisteri. Flabellum Caims & Parker 1992
hoffmeisteri, Montipora Wells 1954
Holcotrochus Dennant 1902
hombronii. Favia (Rousseau 1854) = F. stelligera [674]
hombronii, Goniastrea (Rousseau 1854) = Favia stelligera [602.674]
hombronii, Parastrea Rousseau 1854 = Favia stelligera [839]
Homophyllia Briiggemann 1877 = Scolymia
hondaensis, Astrangia Durham & Barnard 1952
= Polycyathus hondaensis [118]
hondaensis, Polycyathus (Durham & Bamard 1952)
121
Honeycomb Coral 101
Hood Coral 40
hoodensis, Kionotrochus Durham & Barnard 1952 =
Pseudocyathoceras avis [118]
Hoplangia Gosse 1860 121
Horastrea Pichon 1971 60
horizontalata, Porites Hoffmeister 1925
horizontalis, Astraeopora Bernard 1896 = A. listeri [674)/A.
myriophthalma [429]
horizontalis, Madrepora Ortmann 1892 =? Tanzania [560]
horologium, Stylaster Caims 1991
horologium, Caryophyllia Caims 1977
horrescens, Acrhelia (Dana 1848)
horrescens, Oculina Dana 1848 = Acrhelia horrescens [772]
horrida, Acanthopora (Dana 1848) = Echinopora horrida
horrida, Acropora (Dana i848)
horrida, Echinopora Dana 1848
horrida, Errina Hickson & England 1905 = Lepidotheca horrida
horrida, Fungia Dana 1848
horrida, Lepidotheca (Hickson & England 1905)
horrida, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora horrida [637c]
horsti, Dendrophyllia Gardiner & Waugh 1939 = D. arbuscula (126a]
hospes, Ceratotrochus (Alcock 1902) = Conotrochus brunneus [275]
hospes, Phloeocyathus Alcock 1902 = Conotrochus brunneus [125]
howardi, Astrangia Durham & Barnard 1952
hululensis, Favia Gardiner 1904 = F. pallida (674)/F. rotulosa [841]
humilis, Acropora (Dana 1848)
humilis, Agaricia Verrill 1901
humilis, Agaricia agaricites var. Verrill 1901 = A. humilis
humilis, Antipathes Pourtalés 1867 = Aphanipathes humilis
209
humilis. Aphanipathes (Pourtales 1867)
humilis, Leptastrea Duncan 1889
humilis, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora humilis [637c]
humilis, Paracyathus Verrill 1869
humilis, Paracyathus Duncan 1878 = ? Mediterranean
Hump Coral 56
huttoni, Cylicia Tenison-W oods 1879 =? New Zealand [693.721]
hyacinthus, Acropora (Dana 1848)
hyacinthus, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora hyacinthus [637c]
hyades, Astraea Dana 1848 = Solenastrea hyades
hyades, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = y
Invades. Orbicella (Dana 1848) = Solenastrea hvades [784]
hyades. Solenastrea (Dana 1848)
Hyalopathes Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Anuipathes
Hydnophora Fischer de Waldheim 1807 95
Hydnophorella Delage & Hérouard 1899 = Hydnophora [484]
hydra. Fungiacyathus Zibrowius & Gili 1990
hydra, Madrepora Brook 1893 =? Singapore [87]
hypnoides. Antipathes (Brook 1889)
hypnoides, Tylopathes Brook 1889 = Antipathes hypnoides
hypocoelus, Leptopenus Moseley 1881
hystrix. Acropora (Dana 1848) = A. cerealis
hystrix, Anthophyllum Dana 1848 = Galaxea fascicularis [772]
hystrix. Galaxea (Dana 1848) = G. fascicularis
hystrix, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora cerealis [775.792]
hystrix, Seriatopora Dana 1848
ibericus, Stylaster Zibrowius & Cairns 1992
Idiotrochus Wells 1935 121
ijimai, Dendrophyllia Yabe & Eguchi 1934
imbricata, Heteropora Ehrenberg 1834 =?
imbricata, Seriatopora Bassett-Smith 1890 =? Tizard Bank [22
imbricatocostatus, Sphenotrochus Cairns in Cairns & Keller 1993
imbricatus, Stylaster Caims 1991
immersa, Colangia Pourtalés 1871
incrassata, Millepora squarrosa var. Dana 1848 = Mf. squarrosa
incrassata, Montipora (Dana 1848)
incrassatus. Stlaster (Eguchi 1942) = S. boreopacificus [105]
incrustans, Astraeopora Bernard 1896 = A. myriophthalma [429]
incrustans, Cylloseris Queich 1886 = Leptoseris incrustans [371]
incrustans, Goniastraea Duncan 1889 = G. spectabilis [839\/G. aspera
incrustans, Homophyllia Dennant 1906 =? Australia [183]
incrustans, Leptoseris (Quelch 1886)
incrustans, Leptoseris Gardiner 1905 = L. hawaiiensis
incrustans. Madrepora Forsk¥1 1775 = ?Turbinaria mesenteriana
incrustans, Madrepora Rehberg 1892 =? Tonga [631]
incrustans. Montipora Briggemann 1878 = Af. monasteriata [674}
incrustans, Stylophora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = ?
Guadeloupe [197]
incrustatum, Truncatoflabellum Cairns 1989
indentata, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Australia [28]. New
Caledonia [482]
indiana, Acropora Wallace 1994
indica, Acropora (Brook 1893)
indica, Cirripathes Summers 1910 = ? Mozambique [714]. Sri Lanka
(714]
indica, Coeloria ascensionis var. Ridley 1883 =? Sri Lanka [634]
indica, Dendrophyllia Pillai 1969
indica, Fungia fungites var. Doéderlein 1902 = F. fungites
indica. Horastrea Pichon 1971
indica, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora indica
indica, Mussa Verrill 1872 =?
indica, Stichopathes Schultze 1903 = S. gracilis
indica, Symphyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = S. radians [484]
indicus, Bathycyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =? Chile
[612]. [Philippines [495 but see 507]]
indicus, Paracyathus Duncan 1889
indistincta, Antipathes van Pesch 1914
indistincta, Aphanipathes (van Pesch 1914) = Antipathes indistincta
Indophyllia Gerth 1921 89
immersa, Leptastraea Klunzinger 1879 = L. bottae [674\/L. transversa indurata, Acropora Verrill 1902 =? Australia [788]
[744.844]
immersa, Turbinaria Yabe & Sugiyama ?
impensum, Flabellum Squires 1962
imperfecta, Acropora Nemenzo ? = A. latistella [768]
imperfecta, Thecopsammia Gravier 1915
imperialis, Balanophyllia Kent 1871
implicata. Acropora (Dana 1848)
implicata, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora implicata!
implicata, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Diploria
labyrinthiformis
implicata, Oculina Agassiz 1864 =? United States [776]
impressa, Madrepora Whitelegge 1898 =? Tuvalu [835]
inaequalis, Leptastraea Kiunzinger 1879
incerta, Caryophyllia octopali var. Vaughan 1907 = C. octopali
incerta, Favia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = F. fragum [786.889]
indurata, Plesiastrea Verrill 1866 =? Myanmar [212]
inermis, Acropora (Brook 1891) = A. horrida [792]
inermis, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora horrida [792}
Inferiolabiata Broch 1951 151
inflata, Cylicia Pourtalés 1878 =? Cuba [613]
inflata, Pyrophyllia Hickson 1910 = Guynia annulata [116]
informis, Madrepora complanata var. Brook 1893 = ?Acropora
divaricata [792]
informis, Millepora Lamarck 1816 =?
informis, Montipora Bernard 1897
informis, Pocillopora Dana 1848
informis, Porites Dana 1848 =? Fiji [506]
informis, Synaraea (Dana 1848) =?
infundibulifera, Amphihelia Kent 1871 = Madrepora minutisepta
[126a]
incerta, Porites Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = P. astreoides [889] infundibulifera, Oculina Lamarck 1816 = Stylaster sp. Indonesia
incerta, Rhodopsammia Semper 1872 = Balanophyllia stimpsonii
[126a]
incertum, Desmophyllum Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 =?
Guadeloupe [196]
incisa, Balanophyllia Crossland 1952
incisa, Fungia fungites var. Déderlein 1902 = F. fungites
incognita, Montipora Bernard 1897
incompleta, Allopora Tenison-Woods 1883 = Stylaster incompletus
incompletus, Stylaster (Tenison-Woods 1883)
inconspicua, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Indonesia [28]
inconstans, Flabellum Marenzeller 1904 = Truncatoflabellum
inconstans
inconstans, Montipora Nemenzo 1967 = M. altasepta [768]
inconstans, Truncatoflabellum (Marenzeller 1904)
inconsuta, Lepidotheca Caims 1991
incrassata, ? Eguchi 1942 = Snlaster boreopacificus
incrassata, Madrepora pocillifera var. Brook 1893 =? Tonga [87]
incrassata, Manopora Dana 1848 = Montipora incrassata
[621]
infundibuliformis, Antillia Gerth 1921 = Trachyphyllia geoffroyi [33]
infundibulu, Acropora muricata var. Verrill 1901 = A. palmata
infundibulum, Explanaria Lamarck 1816 = Turbinaria crater
infundibulum, Porites lobata forma Vaughan 1907 = P. lobata
infundibulum, Trochopsammia Pourtalés 1878
ingens, Desmophyllum Moseley 1881 = D. dianthus
ingolfi, Favia Crossland 1931 = Plesiastrea versipora (843)
inordinata, Coenosmilia Cairns 1984
inornata, Carvophyllia (Duncan 1878)
inornatus, Crispatotrochus Tenison-Woods 1878
inornatus, Cyathoceras (Tenison & Woods 1878) = Crispatotrochus
inornatus [118]
inornatus, Paracyathus Duncan 1878 = Caryophyllia inornata
inornatus, Stylaster Cairns 1986
insignifica, Astrangia Ricketts & Calvin 1939 = A. haimei [123]
insignis, Acropora Nemenzo 1967
insignis, Desmophyllum (Duncan 1876) = Javania insignis [123]
210
insignis, Javania Duncan 1876
insignis, Millepora Verrill 1864 = Kiribati [776]
insignis, Paracyathus Duncan 1878 = ?
inskipi, Caryophyllia Duncan 1873 = C. aby'ssorum [881]
insolita, Crypthelia Cairns 1986
integra, Fungia Dana 1848 = F. repanda [354]
interjecta. Madracis Marenzeller 1907
intermedia. Acropora (Brook 1891) = 4. nobilis [674.775]
intermedia, Antipathella Brook 1889 = Antipathes intermedia
intermedia. Antipathes (Brook 1889)
intermedia, Cirrhipathes spiralis var. van Pesch 1910 = C. spiralis
intermedia, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora nobilis
intermedia, Mussa harnti var. Verrill 1901 = Mf. hartti
intermedia, Pavonia Gardiner 1898 = Pavona repens [270]
intermedius. Trochocyathus Yabe & Eguchi 1932
= Tropidocvathus pileus [123]
interrupta, Gyrosmilia (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834)
interrupta, Haliglossa Ehrenberg 1834 = Herpolitha limax [354]
interrupta, Manicina Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Gyrosmilia
interrupla
interrupta, Meandrina Dana 1848 = Diploria clivosa [786]
interruptus. Herpetolithus (Ehrenberg 1834) = Herpolitha limax
intersepta, Astraea Dana 1848 = Favia stelligera
intersepta. Astrea (Esper 1797) = Stephanocoenia intersepta
intersepta, Madrepora Esper 1797 = Stephanocoenia intersepta
intersepta, Stephanocoenia (Esper 1797)
intervacans, Errinopora Naumov 1960 = E. stylifera [105]
intricata, Millepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860
investigatoris, Discotrochus Alcock 1893 = ?Anthemiphyllia dentata
[125]
investigatoris. Lophohelia Alcock 1898
= Madrepora investigatoris [881)/M. oculata [125]
investigatoris. Madrepora (Alcock 1898) = M. oculata
involuta, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 =?
involuta, Pachyseris Studer 1878 = ?
involuta, Podabacia van der Horst 1921 = P. crustacea [354]
irinae, Leptopenus Keller 1977 = L. discus [123]
irregulare, Flabellum Semper 1872
= Truncatoflabellum irregulare [116]
irregulare, Flabellum Tenison-Woods 1878 =? Australia [716]
irregulare, Truncatoflabellum (Semper 1872)
irregularis, Acanthastrea Quelch 1886 = ?A. echinata [674]
irregularis, Acropora (Brook 1892) = A. danai [637¢.674]
irregularis, Alveopora Crossland 1952 =? Australia [168]
irregularis, Anomastraea Marenzeller 1901
irregularis, Antipathella Thomson & Simpson 1905 =? Sri Lanka
[734]
irregularis, Antipathes Forster Cooper 1909 =?
irregularis, Antipathes Verrill 1928 = ?
Irregularis, Crispatotrochus (Caims 1982)
irregularis, Cyathoceras Caims 1982 = Crispatotrochus irregularis
[118]
irregularis, Distichopora Moseley 1881
irregularis, Doederleinia Gardiner 1909 = Sandalolitha robusta [605]
irregularis, Halomitra Gardiner 1898 = Sandalolitha robusta [354]
irregularis, Leptoria Veron 1990
irregularis, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora danai
irregularis, Montipora Quelch 1886 =? Philippines [621]
irregularis, Napopora Quelch 1884 =? French Polynesia [148.619]
irregularis, Parahalomitra (Gardiner 1898) = Sandolitha robusta
irregularis, Phymastraea Duncan 1883 = Favia valenciennesi [839]
irregularis, Porites (Vermill 1864)
irregularis, Sarcinula Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = ?Galaxea
Sascicularis
irregularis, Synaraea Verrill 1864 = Porites irregularis
irregularis, Truncatoguynia Cairns 1989
irregularis, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
isabela, Polycyathus Wells 1982
ishigakiensis, Acanthastrea Veron 1990
isidis-plocamos, Antipathes Klunzinger 1877 = ?
87
87
Isophyllastrea Matthai 1928
Isophvilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1851
Jsopora Studer 1878 = Acropora
ualica. ? Michelin 1841 = Balanophyllia italica
ualica. Balanophyllia (Michelin 1841)
utalica, Carvophyilia (Michelin 1841) = Balanophyllia italica
italica. Turbinolia Michelotti 1838 = Deltocvathus ttalicus
ttalicus, Deltocvathus (Michelotti 1838)
Ivory Bush Coral 82
Ivory Tree Coral 82
Ivory Tube Coral 95
fwayamaensis, Porites Eguchi 1938
weine, Stephanocyathus Squires 1958 pro parte = Stephanocyathus
weberianus [126a]
jacquelineae, Acropora Wallace 1994
jacquinoti, Favia Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = F. favus
Jacquinoti, Parastrea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1857) = Favia favus
[839]
japonica, Alveopora Eguchi 1968
japonica. Antillia Yabe & Sugiyama 1931
= Cynarina lacrymalis [33.815]
japonica, Antipathes Brook 1889 =? Japan [84]
Japonica, Caryophyllia Marenzeller 1888
Japonica, Crypthelia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849)
japonica, Culicia Yabe & Eguchi 1936 = Culicia stellata [126a]
japonica, Cyphastrea Yabe & Sugiyama 1936
japonica, Dendrophyllia Rehberg 1892 = Eguchipsammia japonica
[123a]
japonica, Dendrophyllia van der Horst 1922 = D. boschmai [372]
Japonica, Eguchipsammia (Rehberg 1892)
Japonica, Endhelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Crpthelia
Japonica
Japonica, Errina Eguchi 1968 = Lepidotheca japonica
japonica. Lepidotheca (Eguchi 1968)
japonica, Protolobophyllia (Yabe & Sugiyama 1931) = Cynarina
lacrymalis [815]
Japonica, Stephanophyllia Yabe & Eguchi 1934 = Letepsammia
superstes [126a]
Japonica, Stephanoseris Verrill 1866 = Heterocyathus aequicostatus
[356]
japonica, Stichopathes Silberfeld 1909 = Antipathes longibrachiata
Japonica, Stylocoenia Yabe & Sugiyama 1932 =? Japan
japonica, Tridacophyllia lactuca Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 = Pectinia
lactuca
japonicum, Endopachys Yabe & Eguchi ?
japonicum, Flabellum Moseley 1881
Japonicus, Ceratotrochus Eguchi 1968 = Trochocyathus japonicus
[125]
japonicus, Deltocyathoides Yabe & Eguchi 1932
= Peponocyathus australiensis [123]
Japonicus, Deltocyathus (Yabe & Eguchi 1932)
= Peponocyathus australiensis
japonicus, Heterocyathus (Vertill 1866) = H. aequicostatus (356)
Japonicus, Odontocyathus Y abe & Eguchi 1932 =
Stephanocyathus spiniger [123]
Japonicus, Trochocyathus Eguchi 1968
Jardine, Catalaphyllia (Kent 1893)
Jjardinei, Pectinia Kent 1893 = Catalaphyllia jardinei
Javania Duncan 1876
Javanus, Cryptotrochus Caims 1988
jebbi, Cantharellus Hoeksema 1993
Jefferyi. Solenosmilia Alcock 1898 = S. variabilis [881]
Jjeffreysia, Balanophyllia socialis var. Duncan 1870 = B. stimpsonii
Jeschkei, Seriatopora Studer ? =? Singapore [710]
jeulini, Acropora Crossland 1952 =? Australia [168]
Jogashimaensis, Caryophyliia Eguchi 1968
Jogashimaensis, Ceratotrochus Eguchi 1968 = Trochocyathus japonicus
[125]
133
johnsoni. Ceratotrochus Duncan 1882 = Asterosmilia prolifera [881]/4. labyrinthiformis, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = Diploria
marchadi {125}
johnsoni. Dendrophyllia Cairns 1991
yjonesi. Montipora Pillai ? =? India [602]
juncta, Confluphyllia Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
juvenescens, Aulocvathus Marenzeller 1904
kalakauai, Balanophyllia Wright 1882 =? South Seas
karubarica, Caryophyllia Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
kauaiensis, Madracis Vaughan 1907
kauaiensis, Madrepora Vaughan 1907
kenti. Acropora (Brook 1892) = A. tenuis [674]
kenti, Astraeopora Bernard 1896 = 4. mvriophthalma [429]
kenti, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora tenuis [792]
kenti, Montigyra Matthai 1928
kerguelensis. Errina Broch 1942
kermadecensis. Temnotrochus Caims 1995
keyesi. Pedicellocyathus Caims 1995
kiiensis. Antillia constricta var. Yabe & Sugiyama 1931 =? Japan
[871]
kiiensis, Podabacia elegans lobata forma Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 =
Lithophyllon undularum
kikaiensis. Bathyactis Yabe & Eguchi 1942 = Fungiacyathus paliferus
[126a]
kikaiensis, Fungiacyathus (Yabe & Eguchi 1942) = F. paliferus (116.
126a]
kikutii, Idiotrochus (Yabe & Eguchi 1941)
labyrinthiformis
labyrinthiformis, Maeandra (Linnaeus 1758) = Diploria
labyrinthiformis
Labyrinthocvathus Caims 1979
laccadivica, Favia Gardiner 1904 = F. pallida [839]
lacera, Antipathes Lamarck 1815 =?
lacera, Caryophvilia (Pallas 1766) = Mussa angulosa
lacera. Fungia Vermill 1866 = F. fungites [354]
lacera, Lithophyllia (Pallas 1766) = Mussa angulosa
lacera. Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Mussa angulosa
lacera, Mussa (Pallas 1766) = Mussa angulosa
lacera. Oxypora (Vermill 1864)
lacera. Pocillopora Verrill 1869 = P. damicornis [691]
lacera, Porites lobata forma Vaughan 1907 = P. /obata
lacera. Scolymia (Pallas 1766) = Mussa angulosa [249]
lacera, Trachypora Verrill 1864 = Oxypora lacera
lacerata. Antipathes Lamarck 1816 (sphalm.) = A. /acera
lacinians, Lobophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = ? [see 484]
laciniata, Mussa Tenison-Woods 1879 =? Australia [720]
laciniata, Tridacophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 =? Japan
[869]. Sri Lanka [558]. Singapore [558.710]
laciniatum. Flabellum Duncan 1873 = F. macandrewi [881]
laciniosa. Fungia Boschma 1925 = F. fragilis/? [354]
lacrymalis, Caryophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Cynarina
lacrymalis (815)
lacrymalis, Cynarina (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
121
kikutii. Placotrochides Yabe & Eguchi 1941 = Idiotrochus kikutii [123] lacrymalis, Lithophyllia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) = Cynarina
Kionotrochus Dennant 1906 121
kirbyi. Madracis Veron & Pichon 1976
kirstyae. Acropora Veron & Wallace 1984
klunzingeri, Coeloria Matthai 1928 = ?
klunzingeri, Dendrophyllia van der Horst 1926
klunzingeri, Fungia Déderlein 1901 = F. horrida [354]
klunzingeri, Goniopora Marenzeller 1906
klunzingeri. Madrepora Quelch 1886 =? Red Sea [87]
klunzingeri, Orbicella Gardiner 1899 = Leptastrea purpurea
[744.844]
Knob Coral
knorri, Lophoseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 =?
knorrii, Eusmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = E. aspera [786)/E.
fastigiata [889]
knoxi, Flabellum Ralph & Squires 1962
knoxi, Symphyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = Jsophyllia
sinuosa [889]
kosurini, Acropora Wallace 1994
kuehlmanni, Stylophora Scheer & Pillai 1983
kusimotoensis, Coscinastrea Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 = C. columna
[772]
98
labiata. Errina Moseley 1879 = Inferiolabiata labiata
labiata, Inferiolabiata (Moseley 1879)
labidus, Tropidocyathus Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
Labiopora Moseley 1879 = Errina
labiosa, Madrepora hebes var. Brook 1893 = Acropora aspera
laboreli, Dendrophyllia Zibrowius & Brito 1984
labrosa, Acropora (Dana 1848) = A. prolifera
labrosa, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora prolifera [637¢.775}
labyrinthica, Coeloria (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Diploria
labyrinthiformis
labyrinthica, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Diploria
labyrinthiformis
labyrinthica, Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Meandrina meandrites
labyrinthica, Maeandra (Platygyra) Ehrenberg 1834 = Plangyra
daedalea (151)
labyrinthica, Meandrina (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Diploria
labyrinthiformis
labyrinthica, Symphyllia Bassett-Smith 1890 =? Tizard Bank [22
labyrinthiformis, Diploria (Linnaeus 1758)
labyrinthiformis, Madrepora Forskal 1775 = Platygyra lamellina [354]
lacrymalis (815)
lacrymalis, Scolymia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) = Cynarina
lacrymalis
lactuca, Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Pectinia lactuca
lactuca, Pectinia (Pallas 1766)
lactuca, Tridacophyllia (Pallas 1766) = Pectinia lactuca
lacunosa, Crypthelia Cairns 1986
laddi, Barabattoia (Wells 1954)
laddi, Bikiniastrea Wells 1954 = Barabattoia laddi
laddi, Favia (Wells 1954) = Barrabattoia laddi
laevicostata, Caryophyllia Moseley 1881 = C. atlantica [118]
laevifundus, Stephanocyathus Cairns 1977
laevigata, Cladocora Ehrenberg 1834 =?
laevigata, Concentrotheca (Pourtalés 1871)
laevigata, Cosmoporites Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = Porites
astreoides
laevigata, Errina Caims 1991
laevigatus, Platvirochus Caims & Parker 1992
laevigatus, Stylaster Cairns 1986
laevigatus, Thecocyathus Pourtalés 1871
= Concentrotheca laevigata [881]
laevigranulosa, Distichopora Cairns 1986
laevis, Acropora Crossland 1952 = A. intermedia (605). A. formosa/A
microphthalma [792]
laevis, Conopora (Studer 1878)
laevis, Placotrochus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
laevis, Stylaster Studer 1878 = Conopora laevis
lagreneii, Rhodaraea Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 =? China
[506]. Papua New Guinea [710]. Singapore [92.710]
lajollaensis, Astrangia Duncan 1947 = A. haimei (123)
lamarcki, Agaricia Milne Edwards & Haime 1851
lamarcki, Galaxea Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 = G. astreata [674]
lamarcki. Leiopathes Haime 1849 = ?
lamarckiana, Astrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 =?
lamarckiana, Mycetophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
lambertsi, Astreopora Moll & Best 1984
lamellata, Cyclohelia Cairns 1991
lamellifera, Caryophyllia Moseley 1881
lamellina, Maeandra Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Plangyra
lamellina [839]
lamellina, Platvgyra (Ehrenberg 1834)
lamellosa, Echinopora (Esper 1797)
i)
lamellosa. Madrepora Esper 1797 = Echinopora lamellosa (844)
lamellosa. Reussia Duchussaing & Michelotti 1860 = \fadracis
decactis [786.889]
lamellosa. Stephanoseris Vertill 1865 = Hererocyathus aequicostatus
[356]
lamellosus. Heterocvathus (Verrill 1865) = H. aequicostatus [356]
lamellulosum, Flabellum Alcock 1902
lamellulosum. Flabellum pavoninum var. Alcock 1902 = F-
lamellulosum
laminata, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
lamprotichum, Desmophyllum Moseley 1880 = Javania lamprotichum
lamprotichum. Javania (Moseley 1880)
langi. Labyrinthocyathus Caims 1979
lanuginosa, Montipora Bernard 1897 = \f. monasteriata [674]
lanuginosa, Porites Studer 1901 =? United States: Hawaiian Is
[711.751]
laperousiana, Astrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Montastrea
curta [843]
laperousiana. Galaxea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) = Montastrea
curta
laperousiana, Sarcinula Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Montastrea
curta [843]
Large Flower Coral 89
Large Ivory Coral 82
Larger Brain Coral 90
Larger Star Coral 100
laricides, Parantipathes van Pesch 1914
larix. Antipathes Esper 1794 = Parantipathes larix
Jarix, Parantipathes (Esper 1794)
lata, Antipathes Silberfeld 1909
lata, Pavonia Dana 1848 = Pavona decussata [674]
lata, Pocillopora aspera var. Verrill 1872 = P. ligulata
latebrosa, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 =?
laterorifa, Errina Eguchi 1964
laticollis, Coeloria Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Plangyra
lamellina [839]
laticollis, Favia ehrenbergi var. Klunzinger 1879 = F. ehrenbergi
laticostata, Cyphastrea Nemenzo ? = C. serailia [768]
laticostata, Endocyathopora Cairns 1989
laticostata, Galaxea Nemenzo ? = G. astreata [768]
latifolia. Millepora Boschma 1948
latifundata, Errinopora Naumov 1960
latistella. Acropora (Brook 1892)
latistella, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora latistella [637c}
latistella, Pavonia Dana 1848 = ?
latistellata, Moseleya Quelch 1884
latistellata, Porites Quelch 1886
latum, Flabellum Studer 1878 = Monomyces rubrum [116]
latum, Flabellum pavoninum var. Studer 1878
= Monomyces rubrum [116]
lauensis, Galaxea Hoffmeister 1945
lawisiana, Galaxea Nemenzo 1959 = G. fascicularis [768]
lawtoni, Blastomussa Nemenzo 1988 = Phyllangia papuensis {126a]
laxa, Ctenella Matthai 1928
laxa, Euphyllia Gravier 1910 = E. glabrescens [168]
laxa, Favia (Klunzinger 1879)
laxa, Goniastrea (Klunzinger 1879) = Favia laxa [674]
laxa, Goniastrea Quelch 1886 = Favites pentagona
laxa, Heteropora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 =?
laxa. Lophoseris (Klunzinger 1879) = Favia laxa
laxa, Madrepora Lamarck 1816 =? Singapore [92.710]
laxa, Maeandra Verrill 1901 =? Kiribati [786]
laxa, Merulina Dana 1848 = M. ampliata/l Hydnophora rigida [674]
laxa, Mussa harttii var. Verrill 1901 = M. harttii
laxa, Orbicella K\unzinger 1879 = Favia laxa [839]
laxa. Pavonia Klunzinger 1879 =? Tanzania [470]
laxa, Pectinia Nemenzo 1983
laxa, Plerogyra Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = P. sinuosa [151]
laxa, Plesiastrea (Klunzinger 1879) = Favia laxa
laxifolia, Maeandra areolata var. Verrill 1901 = Manicina areolata
laxus, Ceratotrochus Vaughan 1907
Jaxus, Paracyathus Pourtalés 1880
laysanensis, Balanophyllia Vaughan 1907
laysanensis, Pocillopora cespitosa var. Vaughan 1907 =?
Leaf Coral ]
Leiopathes (Gray 1842) 4
lelandi. Trachyphyvllia Nemenzo ? = T. geoffroyi [768]
leloupi, Seriatopora Thiel 1932 =? Indonesia [728]
lens, Deltocyathus Alcock 1902 = [Peponocyathus australiensis
116}/Deltocvathoides orientalis (126a]
lens, Peponocyathus (Alcock 1902) = P. australiensis [116]
lenta, Antipathes Pourtales 1871
lenta. Leiopathes (Pourtalés 1871) = Antipathes lenta
lentipinna, Antipathes Brook 1889
leopoldi, Seriatopora Thiel 1932 =? Indonesia [728]
Lepidocyathus Brook 1893 = Acropora
Lepidopora Pourtales 1871 151
Lepidotheca Cairns 1983
Leptastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 103
leptochila, Maeandra (Platygyra) labyrinthica var. Ehrenberg 1834 =
Planygyra daedalea
leptoclados, Madrepora variabilis Kiunzinger 1879 = Acropora valida
leptocyathus, Acropora (Brook 1891) = 4. humilis [430]
leptocyathus, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora humilis
Leptopenus Moseley 1881 69
leptophylla. Cryptabacia (Ehrenberg 1834) = Polphyllia talpina
leptophylla, Favia Verrill 1868
leptophylla, Polyphyllia Ehrenberg 1834 = P. talpina [354]
bo tan
Leptopsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 142
Leptoria Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 104
Leptoseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 64
Leptosmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Euphyllia [484]
leptostoma, Madrepora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Astreopora
myriophthalma
leptostyla, Allopora moseleyana forma Fisher 1938 = Snlaster
moseleyanus
leptoticha, Coeloria Kiunzinger 1879 = Plan-gyra lamellina [839]
Lesser Knob Coral
lessoni, Mycedium Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = Agaricia
agaricites [889]
lessonii, Flabellum Michelin 1842 = Tropidocyathus lessonii {116}
lessonii, Tropidocyathus (Michelin 1842)
Letepsammia Yabe & Eguchi 1932
levicollis, Agaricia Dana 1848 = Pachyseris speciosa
levicollis, Pachyseris (Dana 1848) = P. speciosa [674]
levicollis, Undaria (Dana 1848) = Pachyseris speciosa
levidensis, Monomyces (Gardiner 1899) = Rhizotrochus levidensis [116]
levidensis, Rhizotrochus Gardiner 1899
levis, Coelogyra Nemenzo 1959 = ?Oulophyllia crispata [768]
levis, Craterastrea Head 1983 = Leptoseris foliosa |766}
levis, Montipora Quelch 1886 = M. digitata [674]
levis, Porites Dana 1848 = P. cylindrica [674]
levistei. Lithophyllon Nemenzo 197] = ?L. undulatum [354]
leytensis, Simplastrea Nemenzo 1979 = Plesiastrea versipora [768]
lianae, Acropora Nemenzo 1967
libera, Montipora Bernard 1897 = ?M. turgescens [807]
librata, Acropora Nemenzo 1967 = A. millepora [768]
lichen, Goniopora (Dana 1848) = Porites lichen
lichen, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 =?
lichen, Manopora Dana 1848 = Montipora lichen
lichen, Montipora (Dana 1848)
lichen, Porites Dana 1848
lichenoides, Millepora Linnaeus 1758 = ?
lichenoides, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 =? Australia
lichtensteini, ? Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 = Physogyra lichtensteini
lichtensteini, Physogyra (Milne Edwards & Haime 1851)
lifuensis, Paracyathus Gardiner 1899 =? Maldives [270]. New
Caledonia [266]
ligulata, Pocillopora Dana 1848
lilacea. Pavona (Klunzinger 1879) = Siderastrea savignyana
69
213
lilacea, Siderastrea K\unzinger 1879 = S. savignvana [371.674]
lili, Plestastrea Wells 1954
lilliei. Antipathes Totton 1923 = Parannpathes lilliei
lilliei, Gardineria Gardiner 1929 =? South Georgia [274]
lilliei. Paranupathes (Totton 1923)
lima, Agaricia Lamarck 1816 =? Philippines [621]
lima. Montipora (Lamarck 1816) =?
limacina, Fungia Lamarck 1801 = Halomitra pileus
limacinus. Herpetolithus (Lamarck 1801) = Herpetolitha limax
[784]/Halomura pileus
limanilus. Ceratotrochus Squires 1964 = Labyrinthocyathus limatulus
[101]
limatulus, Labyrinthocyathus (Squires 1964)
limax. Herpolitha (Esper 1797)
limax, Madrepora Esper 1797 = Herpolitha limax [354]
limitata, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 =?
limitata. Montipora (Ellis & Solander 1786) =?
limosa, Porites Dana 1848
lineata, Millepora Linnaeus 1758 = Seriatopora lineata (807)
lineata, Seriatopora
linnaei. Fungia Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 = F. repanda [354]
lissispina, Cirripathes variabilis var. van Pesch 1914 = Cirrhipathes
variabilis
lissispinaminor. Cirrhipathes variabilis var. van Pesch 1914 = C.
variabilis
listeri, Acropora (Brook 1893)
listeri, Astreopora Bernard 1896
listeri, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora listeri
listeri, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Tonga [28]
litae, Echinopora Nemenzo & Montecillo 1981 = E. lamellosa [768]
Lithactinia Lesson 1831 =?
Litharea Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Goniopora
Lithodendron Schweigger 1819 = Mussa [803a]
Lithomyces Philippi 1887 = Flabellum [116]
Lithophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Scolymia
Lithophyllon Rehberg 1892 75
littoralis, Neoporites Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = Porites
astreoides [889]
livida, Distichopora Tenison-Woods 1880
lizardensis, Favia Veron. Pichon & Wijsman-Best 1977
Lobactis Verrill 1864 = Fungia
lobata, Astraea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) =? Tuvalu [265]
lobata. Favia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =? Mauritius [557]
lobata, Goniopora Milne Edwards & Haime 1851
lobata, Hydnophora (Lamarck 1816) = H. exesa
lobata, Lithophylion (van der Horst 1921) = L. undularum (354)
lobata, Monticularia Lamarck 1816 = Hydnophora exesa [839]
lobata, Parastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Favia stelligera
[839]
lobata, Podabacia van der Horst 1921
= Lithophyllon undulatum [354]
lobata, Porites Dana 1848
lobata, Scapophyllia Studer 1881 = 2S. cylindrica [484]
lobata, Stylophora Gardiner 1898
lobatus, Coenocyathus Chevalier 1966 = C. cylindricus [881]
Lobed Star Coral 109
lobifera, Pocillopora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 =? Fiji [261]
Lobophyllia Blainville 1830 88
lobulata, Fungia Ortmann 1889 = F. scruposa [354]
lobulata, Fungia patella var. Kiunzinger 1879 = F. fungites
lobulata, Montipora Bernard 1897
Lochmaeotrochus Alcock 1902 121
loculata, Pavonia crassa var. Dana 1848 = Pavona decussata
loisetteae, Acropora Wallace 1994
lokani, Acropora Wallace 1994
lonchitis, Stvlaster Broch 1947
longibrachiata, Antipathes van Pesch 1914
longicyathus, Acropora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860)
longicvathus, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = Acropora
longicvathus
longispina, Cirripathes variabilis var. van Pesch 1914 = Cirrhipathes
variabilis
longispina, Stichopathes Forster Cooper 1909
longispina, Trochocyathus Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
longissima, Galaxea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849) =? Djibouti
[298]
longissima. Sarcinula Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = ?
lonsdaleia, Antillia Duncan 1863 = Trachyphyilia geoffroyi [484]
lonsdaleia, Antillophyllia (Duncan 1863) = Trachyphyllia geoffrovi
[484]
Lophelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849
Lophohelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Lophelia
Lophoseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Pavona
Lophosmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Oxsmilia
lordhowensis, Acanthastrea Veron & Pichon 1982
loricata, Acropora Nemenzo 1967 = A. latistella [768]
loripes. Acropora (Brook 1892)
loripes, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora loripes
louwinae, Halomitra van der Horst 1921 = H. pileus [354.768]
lovelli, Acropora Veron & Wallace 1984
lowei, Infertolabiata Caims 1983
lowekeyesei. Flabellum Squires & Ralph 1965
loyae, Blastomussa Head 1978
lutea, Porites Quoy & Gaimard 1833
lutea, Porites conglomerata var. Quoy & Gaimard 1833 = P. lutea
[506]
luteus, Astroites Quoy & Gaimard 1827 =?
lutkeni, Acropora Crossland 1952
lutkeni, Cirrhipathes (Brook 1889) = Stichopathes lutkeni
lutkeni, Stichopathes Brook 1889
luzonica, Acropora Verrill 1902 = A. aspera [792]
lylei, Favia Nemenzo 1984
‘ymani, Dasmosmilia (Pourtalés 1871)
lymani, Parasmilia Pourtalés 1871 = Dasmosmilia lymani
lyra, Bathypathes Brook 1889
121
mabahithi, Caryophyllia Gardiner & Waugh 1938
macandrewi, Flabellum Gray 1849
macassarensis, Indophyllia Best & Hoeksema 1987
macrocalyx, Madracis kauiensis var. Vaughan 1907 = M. kauiensis
macrocephala, Porites Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 =?
macrodentata, Astrangia Thiel 1940
macrogastra, Errina Marenzeller 1904
macropora, Lepidotheca Cairns 1986
macrospina, Sibopathes Opresko 1993
macrostoma, Acropora (Brook 1891) = A. tenuis [674]
macrostoma, Astreopora Veron & Wallace 1984
macrostoma, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora tenuis [792]
mactanensis, Montipora Nemenzo 1979
maculata, Caryophyllia (Pourtalés 1874) = Rhizosmilia maculata
maculata, Rhizosmilia (Pourtalés 1874)
maculatus, Bathycyathus Pourtalés 1874 = Rhizosmilia maculata
maculatus. Trochocyathus Caims 1995
madagascariensis, Fungia Vaughan 1906 = F. scruposa [354]
maderensis, Allopora Johnson 1862 = Stenohelia maderensis
maderensis, Stenohelia (Johnson 1862)
Madracis Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 Si
Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 81
Madrepora auct. = Acropora
Maeandra Oken 1815 = Meandrina
Maeandridae Verrill 1901 = Meandrinidae
maeandrina, Astraea Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Coscinastrea
monile [371]
maeandrina, Coscinaraea (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) =
Coscinastrea monile [371]
maeandrina, Madrepora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Montipora
danae [674]
maeandrina. Montipora (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) = Montipora
danae [674]
maeandrites. Ctenophyilia (Linnaeus 1758) = Meandrina maeandrites
maeandrites, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = \feandrina maeandrites
maeanarites. \Meandrina (Linnaeus 1758)
magna, Alveopora japonica var. Eguchi 1973 = 4. japonica
magna, Coeloria Gardiner 1904 = ?Oulophyllia aspera [484]
magna, Cylicia Tenison-Woods 1878 = Scolymia australis
magna, Echinopora Gardiner 1904 = Echinophyllia aspera (603)
magna, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 = T. frondens (674)
magnaghii. Ceratorrochus Cecchini 1914
magnaghii. Conotrochus (Cecchini 1914) = Ceratotrochus magnaghii
magnifica. Acropora Nemenzo ?
magnifica, Astraea Blainville 1830 = Favites abdita [839]
magnifica, Astraea Dana 1848 = Goniastrea spectabilis [839]
magnifica. Prionastrea (Blainville 1830) = Favites abdita [839]
magnificum. Flabellum Marenzeller 1904
magnificus. Deltocyathus Moseley 1876
magnistellata, Montastraea Chevalier 1972
magnostellata, Prionastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Favites
virens [839]
mai, Heterocyvathus Cheng 1971 = H. alternatus [356]
major, Conopora Hickson & England 1905
malaccensis, Balanophyllia Kent 1871 =? Malaysia [399]. Singapore
[617]
malaccensis, Goniopora Briiggemann 1878 = ? Singapore
[92.617.710]. Thailand [701]
malampaya. Montipora Nemenzo 1967
maldivensis, Antillia constricta var. Gardiner 1904 = Trachyphyllia
geoffrovi [484]
maldivensis, Cyphastrea Gardiner 1904 =?
maldivensis, Hydnophora Gardiner 1904 = H. exesa [839]
maldivensis, Montipora Pillai & Scheer 1976
maldivensis. Pavona (Gardiner 1905)
maldivensis, Siderastrea Gardiner 1905 = Pavona maldivensis
maldivensis, Stephanocoenia Gardiner 1904
= Favites pentagona [839]
maldivensis, Stichopathes Forster Cooper 1904 =?
malouinensis, Balanophyllia Squires 1961
mamillata, Stvlophora Scheer & Pillai 1983
mammifera, Montipora Bernard 1897 = M. tuberculosa [674]
mammiformis, Echinopora (Nemenzo 1959)
mammiformis, Leptastrea Nemenzo 1959 = Echinopora mammiformis
[844]
mammillaris, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Oculina banksi
[503]
mamumillata, Madrepora calamaria var. Brook 1893 = Acropora
humilis
mamumillata, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Australia [28]
mammillosa, Orbicella Kiunzinger 1879 = Echinopora gemmacea
[744.844]
mamamillosa, Plesiastrea (Klunzinger 1879) = P. versipora [674]
mammosa, Diploria (Dana 1848) = D. clivosa
mammosa, Meandrina Dana 1848 = Diploria clivosa [122]
manautliensis, Montipora Pillai 1969
mancaoi, Mycedium Nemenzo 1979
mangarevensis, Acropora Vaughan 1906 = A. clathrata [775]
manicina, Tridacophyllia Dana 1848 =? Solomon Islands [497.501].
Singapore [776], Tanzania [470]
Manicina Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834
mannarensis, Porites Pillai 1969
manni, Acropora (Quelch 1886) = A. aspera [768.792]
manni, Coenopsammia Verrill 1866 = Tubastraea coccinea
manni, Dendrophyllia (Verrill 1866) = Tubastraea coccinea
manni, Madrepora Quelch 1886 = Acropora aspera [792]
Manopora Dana 1848 = Montipora
mantonae, Goniastrea Crossland 1952 = G. spectabilis [839\/G.
aspera
mantonae, Turbinaria Crossland 1952
manuelensis, Rhizopsammia Chevalier 1966
104
marchadi. Asterosmilia (Chevalier 1966)
marchadi, Dasmosmilia Chevalier 1966
= Asterosmilia marchadi [881]
marcus. Flabellum Keller 1974
marenzelleri, Bathyactis Vaughan 1906 = Fungiacvathus marenzelleri
marenzelleri, Enallopsammia Zibrowius 1973 p. p. = E. pusilla
marenzelleri, Flabellum Cairns 1989
marenzelleri. Fungiacyathus (Vaughan 1906)
marenzelleri, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Australia [28]
marenzelleri, Stylaster Cairns 1986
margaretae, Fungiacyathus Caims 1995
margaritata, ? Jourdan 1895 = }aughanella margaritata
margaritata, Vaughanella (Jourdan 1895)
margariticola. Lithophyllia (Klunzinger 1879) = Cvnarina lacrvmalis
margariticola, Sclerophyllia Kiunzinger 1879 = Cynarina lacrymalis
[815]
marginata, Cycloseris (Boschma 1923) = Fungia costulata/ F.
tenuis [354]
marginata, Fungia Boschma 1923 = F. costulata/F. tenuis [354]
marginata, Symphyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = /sophyilia
sinuosa [889]
marigondoni, Polycyathus Verheij & Best 1987
marionensis. Alveopora Veron & Pichon 1982
maritima, Barabattoia (Nemenzo 1971) = Favia maritima
maritima, Favia Nemenzo 1971
marmorea, Caryophyllia Cairns 1984
marmorea, Turbinaria Rehberg 1892
maroccanus, Stylaster Zibrowius & Cairns 1992
marshae, Coscinastrea Wells 1962
marshae. Stylaster Caims 1988
marshallensis, Montipora Wells 1954
martensii, Flabellum Studer 1878 = Truncatoflabellum martensii
martensii, Truncatoflabellum (Studer 1878)
mascarina, Errina aspera Boschma 1965 = E. aspera
massawensis, Acropora Marenzeller 1906 = 4. granulosa [674]
matricidum, Flabellum Kent 1871 = Aulocyathus matricidus [123]
matricidus, Aulocyathus (Kent 1871)
matthai, Anacropora Pillai 1973
matthaii, Favia Vaughan 1918
matthaii, Porites Wells 1954
mauiensis, Balanophyllia diomedeae var. Vaughan 1907 = B.
diomedeae
mauiensis, Paracyathus Vaughan 1907 = Trochocyathus mauiensis
[107]
mauiensis, Trochocyathus (Vaughan 1907)
mauritiana, Pocillopora Briiggemann 1878
mauritiensis, Goniopora (Bemard 1903) =? Mauritius [242]. Réunion
[69]
mauritiensis, Porites Berard 1905 = ? British Indian Ocean Territory
[674]. Maldives. Mauritius [242.674]
maxima, Acanthastrea Sheppard & Salm 1988
maxima, Echinophyllia Moll & Best 1984
maxima, Favia Veron, Pichon & Wijsman-Best 1977
maxima, Turbinaria Ortmann 1888 = T. peltata
maxima, Ulophyllia Rehberg 1892 = Oulophyllia crispa [484]
mayeri, Coeloseris Vaughan 1918
mayeri, Porites Vaughan 1918
mayori, Hydnophora Hoffmeister 1925 = H. rigida [839]
mayori, Manicina (Wells 1936) = M. areolata [102]
mayori, Podasteria Wells 1936 = Manicina areolata [889]
mcneilli, Coscinastrea Wells 1962
meandrina, Euphyllia Dana 1848 = E. fimbriata [754.784]
meandrina, Monticularia Lamarck 1816 = Hydnophora exesa [839]
meandrina, Pocillopora Dana 1848
Meandrina Lamarck 1801
Meandrinidae Gray 1847
medioatlantica, Crypthelia Zibrowius & Cairns 1992
mediterranea, Antipathes Brook 1889
mediterraneus, Polycyathus Best 1968 = P. muellerae [881]
mediterraneus, Trochocyathus Zibrowius 1980
110
109
215
melancholica. Antipathes Duchassaing 1870 = ?
melicerum. Astraea Ehrenberg 1834 = Favites melicerum [839]
melicerum. Favites (Ehrenberg 1834)
melicerwm. Prionastraea (Ehrenberg 1834) = Favites melicerum
memorialis. Goreaugyra Wells 1974 = Meandrina meandrites [889]
memorialis. Meandrina (Wells 1974) = M. meandrites
mercatoris, Astrangia Thiel 1932? =?
merguiensis, Balanophyllia Duncan 1889
merguiensis, Paracyathus Duncan 1889
meridiana, Acropora Nemenzo ? = 4. brueggenianni [768]
meridionalis. Trochocvathus Duncan 1870
merleti, Bantamia Wells 1961 = Blastomussa merleti [817]
merleti. Blastomussa (Wells 1961)
Merulina Ehrenberg 1834 9)
Merulinidae Vermill 1866 91
mesenterina, Explanaria Lamarck 1816 = Turbinaria mesenterina
mesenterina. Turbinaria (Lamarck 1816)
messum. Flabellum Alcock 1902
milleri. Stvlaster Durham 1942
miltont. Oulangia stokesiana var. Yabe & Eguchi 1932 = O. stokesiana
mimosella, Antipathes Lamarck 1815 = 4. ulex
miniata, Allopora Pourtalés 1868 = Snlaster miniatus [110]
miniatus. Srlaster (Pourtales 1868)
minicoiensis, Porites Pillai 1969
minikoiensis. Agaricia Yabe. Sugiyama & Eguchi 1936 = Leptoseris
mycetoseroides [185]
minikoiensis, Agaricia ponderosa var. Gardiner 1905 =
Gardineroseris planulata
minikoiensis. Agariciella (Gardiner 1905) = Leptoseris mycetoseroides
[827]
minikoiensis, Orbicella Gardiner 1904 = Diploastrea heliopora
[744.844]
minima, Madrepora Quelch 1886 =? Vanuatu [621]
minima, Stenohelia (Hickson & England 1905)
minimus, Cylindrophyllia (Yabe & Eguchi 1937) = Peponocyathus
minimus [126a]
messum, Flabellum laciniatum var. Alcock 1902 = Flabellum messum minimus. Discotrochus Yabe & Eguchi 1937 = Peponocyathus minimus
[126a]
Metastraea Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Favites
meteorensis, Stylaster erubescens Zibrowius & Cairns 1992 = S.
erubescens
mexicana, Cycloseris Durham 1947 = Fungia distorta [354]
mexicana, Madrepora Rehberg 1892 = Acropora palmata
micans, Soienastrea Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 =? Virgin
Islands of thew United States [196]
mickelini, Neoporites Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = Porites
astreoides [889]
michelini, Prionastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = ?
michelinii, Astrangia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= A. poculata [582]
michelinii, Heteropsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= H. cochlea [356.674]
michelinii, Stephanocoenia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = S.
intersepta
Micrabaciidae Vaughan 1905
micrantha, Tubastraea (Ehrenberg 1834)
micranthus, Dendrophyllia (Ehrenberg 1834) = Tubastraea micrantha
micranthus, Enallopsammia (Ehrenberg 1834) = Tubastraea micrantha
micranthus, Oculina Ehrenberg 1834 = Tubastraea micrantha
microcardia, Leptopsammia Déderlein 1913 = L. privoti [880c]
microclados. Acropora (Ehrenberg 1834)
microclados, Heteropora Ehrenberg 1834 = Acropora microclados
microconos, Hydnophora (Lamarck 1816)
microconos, Monticularia Lamarck 1816 = Hydnophora microconos
[839]
microcyathus, Madrepora Klunzinger 1879 = Acropora pharaonis
Microcyathus Déderlein 1913 = Hoplangia
microphthalma, Acropora (Verrill 1869)
microphthalma, Astrea Lamarck 1816 = Cyphastrea microphthalma
[744.844]
microphthalma, Cyphastrea (Lamarck 1816)
microphthalma, Madrepora Verrill 1869 = Acropora microphthalma
[637c]
micropoma, Crypthelia Caims 1985
micropoma, Sporadopora Caims 199}
microstoma, Acanthastraea hirsuta var. Gardiner 1904 = Favia
hemprichii [728]
microstoma, Turbinaria Ehrenberg 1834 =?
microstriatus, Stylaster Broch 1936
microstylus, Lepidopora Caims 1991
Microtrochus Tenison-Woods 1880 = ?Placotrochus [116]
milesii, Distichopora Quelch 1884 = D. gracilis [105]
millepora, Acropora (Ehrenberg 1834)
millepora, Heteropora Ehrenberg 1834 = Acropora millepora [637c]
millepora, Madrepora (Ehrenberg 1834) = Acropora millepora [792]
millepora, Montipora Crossland 1952
Millepora Linnaeus 1758
Milleporidae Fleming 1828
69
[126a]
minimus. Kionotrochus (Yabe & Eguchi 1937) = Peponocyathus
minimus [126a]
minimus, Peponocyathus (Yabe & Eguchi 1937)
minimus, Stylaster Hickson & England 1905 = Stenohelia minima
minor, Antipathella Brook 1889 = Antipathes minor
minor, Antipathes (Brook 1889)
minor, Antipathes spinescens var. Brook 1889 = A. spinescens
minor, Bathycyathus Duncan 1878 = ?
minor, Gardineria Wells 1973
minor. Goniopora Crossland 1952
minor, Madrepora rambleri var. Brook 1893 = Acropora rambleri
minor, Pavona (Briggemann 1879)
minor, Pavonia Briggemann 1879 = Pavona minor
minor, Stylaster yabei Eguchi 1941 = Stenohelia yabei
minor, Tethocyathus (Gardiner 1899)
minor, Thecocyathus Gardiner 1899 = Tethocyathus minor
minus, Flabellum Duncan 1878 = F. alabastrum (881)
minuscula, Dendrophyllia Bourne 1905
minuta, Acanthastrea Moll & Best 1984
minuta, Astrangia Duncan 1876
minuta, Cyphastrea Nemenzo & Ferraris 1982
=C. microphthalma [768]
minuta, Montipora Bernard 1897 = ? Macclesfield Bank [28]
minuta. Pavona Wells 1954
minuta, Rhizopsammia van der Horst 1922
minutiseptum, Madrepora Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
minutus, Deltocyathus Gardiner & Waugh 1938
= Peponocyathus australiensis [125]
minutus, Peponocyathus (Gardiner & Waugh 1938) = P. australiensis
[125]
miocenica, Amphihelia Seguenza 1864 = Amphelia atlantica
mirabilis, Acropora (Quelch 1886)
mirabilis, Barabattoia Yabe & Sugiyama 1941
mirabilis. Madracis (Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860)
mirabilis, Madracis decactis forma (Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860) =
M. mirabilis
mirabilis, Madrepora Quelch 1886 = Acropora mirabilis
mirabilis, Porites Quelch 1886 =? Philippines [621]. Tuvalu [835]
mirabilis, Stylophora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = Madracis
mirabilis
modesta, Barabattoia Nemenzo ? = B. amicorum [768]
modumanensis, Pocillopora Vaughan 1907 = ?P. eydouxi [771]
mokai, Lithophyllon Hoeksema 1989
mollis, Montipora Bernard 1897
mollis, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
molokensis, Paracyathus Vaughan 1907
molokensis, Pocillopora Vaughan 1907
moluccensis, Fungia van der Horst 1919
monasteriata, Madrepora Forskal 1775 = Montipora monasteriata
monasteriata, Montipora (Forskal 1775)
216
monile. Coscinastrea (Forskal 1775)
monile. Madrepora Forskal 1773 = Coscinastrea monile [371]
moniliformis. Millepora Dana 1848 = M. alcicornis [784]
monilis, Paracyathus Duncan 1878 = Canop/nilia smithii [118]
Monocarva Lonsdale 1850 = Parasmilia
Monomyces Ehrenberg 1834 3
Montastraea Blainville 1830 05
montereyense, Flabellum Durham 1947 = Polymyces monterevensis
(101)
montereyensis, Paracyathus Durham 1947
monterevensis. Polymyces (Durham 1947)
Monticularia Lamarck 1816 = Hydnophora
monticulosa. Acropora (Briggemann 1879)
monticulosa. Madrepora Briggemann 1879 = Acropora monticulosa
[637c]
monticulosa. Undaria Verrill 1866 = Pachyseris rugosa
monticulosa, Montipora Studer 1881 =? Singapore [710]
monticulosa. Pachyseris (Verrill 1866) = P. rugosa [772]
monticulosa, Porites Dana 1848 = P. rus [674]
monticulosa, Svnaraea (Dana 1848) = Porites rus
Montigyra Matthai 1928
Montipora Blainville 1830
mordax, Porites Dana 1848
Gs
1
1
a
122
30
mutltiformis, Madrepora Ortmann 1889 = Acropora formosa
multiformis, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Australia [28]. New
Caledonia [482]
muttilamella, Lithophyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 =
Isophvilia multiflora [484]
muttilobata, Goniastrea Queich 1886 = G. pectinata [839]
multilobata, Heteropsammia Moseley 1881 = H. cochlea/H.
eupsammides [356]
multilobata, Lobophyilia (Dana 1848) = L. hemprichii
multilobata, Montipora Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 =?
Seychelles [506]. Red Sea [506]
multilobata, Mussa Dana 1848 = Lobophyllia hemprichii [772]
muttilobatus, Thrypticotrochus Cairns 1989
mulupalifera, Vaughanella Caims 1995
multipapillosa. Montipora Nemenzo 1983
multiplex, Stvlaster Hickson & England 1905
multipunctata. Montastraea Hodgson 1985
multiramosa, Acropora Nemenzo 1967 = A. austera [768]
multiseptata, Caulastrea Y abe & Sugiyama 1931 = C. tumida [871]
multispinosum. Truncatoflabellum Caims in Caims & Keller 1993
muricata, ? Lamarck ? = ?
muricata, Acropora (Lamarck ?) =? Mauritius [242.674]
muricata, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = ?.4cropora danai [806]
mordax, Sideropora Dana 1848 = Stylophora mordax [784\/Snlophora muricata, Millepora Linnaeus 1758 pro parte = ? Acropora palmata
pistillata (771)
mordax, Stvlophora (Dana 1848)
moresbyi. Amphihelia Alcock 1898 = Madrepora oculata [125]
moretonensis. Astreopora Veron & Wallace 1984
moretonensis. Heteropsammia Wells 1964 = H. cochlea [356]
mortenseni, Alveopora Crossland 1952 = 4. allingi [674]
mortenseni. Sporadopora Broch 1942
mortenseni, Truncatoflabellum Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
mortensi, Flabellum Studer 1878 =?
mortoni. Diaseris Tenison-Woods 1881 = Fungia sinensis/Fungia
cyclolites [354]
Moseleya Quelch 1884 106
moseleyana, Allopora Fisher 1938 = Stvlaster moseleyanus
moseleyanus. Stephanocyathus Sclater 1886
moseleyanus, Stylaster (Fisher 1938)
moseleyi, Adelopora Caims 1991
moseleyi, Allopora Dall 1884 = Stylaster verrillii
moseleyi, Cladocora Faustino 1927 = Colangia moseleyi [126a]
moseleyi, Colangia (Faustino 1927)
moseleyi, Cryptohelia Hickson & England 1905
= Crypthelia affinis [105]
moseleyi, Deltocyathus Caims 1979
moseleyi, Errina Ridley 1881 = E. antarctica [59,105]
moseleyi, Flabellum Pourtalés 1880
moseleyi, Stylaster (Dall 1884) = S. verrillii [105]
moseri, Eusthenotrochus Wells 1935 = Sphenotrochus gilchristi [125]
mossambica, Acropora Riegl 1995
motuporensis, Podabacia Veron 1990
mouchezii, Coenocyathus Lacaze-Duthiers 1897
= Phyllangia mouchezii (881)
mouchezii, Phyllangia (Lacaze-Duthiers 1897)
Mountainous Star Coral
mucronata, Porites Milne Edwards & Haime 1860
muellerae, ? Abel 1959 = Polycyathus muellerae
muellerae, Polycyathus (Abel 1959)
muellere, Cyphastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 = C.
microphthalma [744.844]
mulleri, Lophoseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 =?
multiacuta, Acropora Nemenzo 1967
multicaulis, Acropora (Brook 1893) = A. valenciennesi [674]
multicaulis, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora valenciennesi
multiflora, Isophyllia Verrill 1901
multiflora, Isophyllia sinuosa forma Verrill 1901 = I. multiflora
multifore, Flabellum Gardiner 1905 = ?Euphyllia fimbriata
[484]/Catalaphyllia plicata [819]
multiformis, Acropora (Ortmann 1889) = A. formosa [674]
105
murrayensis, Acropora Vaughan 1918 = A. loripes [775\/A. squarrosa
[792]
murrayensis, Porites Vaughan 1918
murrayi, Deltocyathus Gardiner & Waugh 1938
murrayi, Millepora Quelch 1884
muscosa, Goniopora Wells 1954
musculosa. Cirrhipathes van Pesch 1910
Mushroom Coral
musica, Tubipora Linnaeus 1758
musicale, Anthophyllum (Linnaeus 1767) = Galaxea astreata
musicalis, ? Linnaeus 1767 = Galaxea astreata
musicalis, Galaxea (Linnaeus 1767) = G. astreata
musicalis, Sarcinula (Linnaeus 1767) = Galaxea astreata
musorstomica, Gardineria Cairns 1989
Mussa Oken 1815 89
Mussidae Ortmann 1890 85
Mussismilia Ortmann 1890 89
Mustard Hill Coral 37
mutsuensis, Rhizopsammia minuta var. Yabe & Eguchi 1932 = R.
minula
Mycedia Dana 1848 = Agaricia
Mycedium Oken 1815
Mycetophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
mycetoseroides. Leptoseris Wells 1954
mycoides, Cycloseris Alcock 1893 = Fungia sinensis [354]
myriaster, Axhelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Madracis myriaster
myriaster, Madracis (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850)
myriophthalma, Astrea Lamarck 1816 = Astreopora myriophthalma
myriophthalma, Astreopora (Lamarck 1816)
myriophthalma, Astreopora pulvinaria var. (Lamarck 1816) = 4.
myriophthalma
myriophthalma, Montipora Bernard 1897 = ? New Caledonia [28]
myriophylla, Antipathes Pallas 1766
myrmidonensis. Porites Veron 1985
83
89
nana, Acropora (Studer 1878)
nana, Cirrhipathes van Pesch 1910
nana, Madrepora Studer 1878 = Acropora nana [637c]
nana, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Australia [28]
nana, Porites conglomerata var. Lamarck 1816 = ?P. nodifera [406]
nana, Stylophora Nemenzo 1964 = S. pistillata [277.661.768]
nanneca, Errinopora Fisher 1938
naomiae, Alveopora Nemenzo 1980 = A. verrilliana [768}
Napopora Quelch 1884 = Porites
nascornatus, Cyathotrochus (Gardiner & Waugh 1938)
nascornatus, Deltocyathus (Gardiner & Waugh 1938)
217
nascornatus, Fungiacyathus Gardiner & Waugh 1938 =
Deltocvathus nascornatus
nascornatus, Tropidocyathus Gardiner & Waugh 1938
= Cyathotrochus nasocornatus
nasuta, Acropora (Dana 1848)
nasuta, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora nasuta [637c]
natalensis, Acropora Rieg| 1995
natalensis, Cylicia tenella var. Duncan 1876 = Culicia tenella
natans. ? Houttuyn 1772 = Colpophyilia natans
natans. Colpophyilia (Houttuyn 1772)
natans, Madrepora Esper 1791 =?
nazensis, Phyllangia americana ssp. Chevalier 1966 = P. americana
neapolitanus, Microcyathus Déderlein 1913
= Hoplangia durorrix [881]
Needle Coral
neglecta, Acropora Verrill 1902 =? ?Singapore [788]
neglecta, Astrangia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = 4 solitaria
[821.889]
neglecta, Stephanophyllia Boschma 1923
negrensis, Galaxea Nemenzo 1980 = G. astreata [768]
negrosensis, Porites Veron 1990
Nemenzophyllia Hodgson & Ross 1982 = Plerogyra [761.768]
Neohelia Moseley 1881 81
Neoporites Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = Porites
nidifera, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 =? Australia
nierstraszi, Psammocora van der Horst 1921
nigra, Goniopora Pillai 1969 = G. sauchburyi [674]
nigra, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora acuminata [806]
nigrescens, Dendrophyllia Dana 1848 = Tubastraea micrantha [125]
nigrescens, Porites Dana 1848
niinoi, Crispatotrochus (Yabe & Eguchi 1942)
nitnoi. Cyathoceras Yabe & Eguchi 1942 = Crispatotrochus niinoi
[123]
niinoi. Monomyces (Yabe & Eguchi 1942) = Rhizotrochus tpus [123]
niinoi. Rhizotrochus Yabe & Eguchi 1942 = R. typus [123]
nilanduensis, Antipathes Forster Cooper 1904
niphada, Rhombopsammia Owens 1986
nishihirai, Echinophyllia Veron 1990
nitens, Stephanotrochus Alcock 1891
= Stephanocyathus crassus [881]/S. nobilis [125]
nitida, Distichopora Verrill 1864
nitida, Millepora Verrill 1868
nitida, Siderastrea siderea var. Verrill 1901 = Siderastrea siderea
nitida, Turbinaria Nemenzo ? = T. stellulata (768)
nobile, Desmophyllum Verill 1885 = Javania cailleti {101}
nobile, Flabellum Holdsworth 1862 = Monomyces rubrum [116]
nobile, Javania (Verrill 1885) = J. cailleti
nobilis, Acropora (Dana 1848)
nobilis, Agaricia Verrill 1901 = Leptoseris cucullata [102]
nobilis, Allopora Kent 1871 = Snlaster nobilis
nobilis, Ceratotrochus Moseley 1876 = Stephanocyathus nobilis [125]
nobilis, Leptoseris Ma 1959 = L. cucullata [185]
nobilis, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora nobilis
nobilis, Mussa Dana 1848 = Symphyllia recta [484]
nobilis, Pocillopora Verrill 1864 nom. nov. P. verrucosa Dana 1848
= P. woodjonesi/P. meandrina [773]
nobilis, Stephanocyathus (Moseley 1876)
nobilis, Stylaster (Kent 1871)
nobilis, Symphyllia (Dana 1848) = S. recta [674]
nodifera, Porites Kiunzinger 1879
nodosa, Manopora Dana 1848 = Montipora nodosa
nodosa, Millepora alcicornis var. Esper 1790 = M. exaesa [44]
nodosa, Montipora (Dana 1848)
nodulosa, Cyphastraea Verrill 1901
nodulosa, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = ?
nodulosa. Montipora Nemenzo 1967 = M. malampaya [768]
nodulosa, Porites Verrill 1869 = P. californica [375a]
nodulosa, Porites lobata forma Hoffmeister 1925 = P. lobata
nomaenis, Antillia Yabe & Sugiyama 1931
= Cynarina lacrymalis (33.815)
40
nomaensis, Podabacia elegans lobata forma Yabe & Sugiyama 1936
= Lithophyllon undulatum
nomlandi, Dendrosmilia Durham & Barnard 1952 = Lophelia
pertusa [123]
Nomlandia Durham & Barnard 1952
norfolkensis. Goniopora Veron & Pichon 1982
norfolkensis. Polycyathus Caims 1995
norvegica. Allopora (Gunnerus 1768) = Snlaster norvegicus
nonegica. Millepora Gunnerus 1768 = Snvaster norvegicus
norvegicus. Sn'laster (Gunnerus 1768)
Notocyathus Tenison-Woods 1880
Notophyllia Dennant 1899
Nototrochus Duncan 1885 = Notocyathus [116]
nouhuysi, Balanophyllia van der Horst 1922
noumeae, Cantharellus Hoeksema & Best 1984
noumeae., Cycloseris (Hoeksema & Best 1984) = Cantharellus noumeae
novaehiberniae, Lithactinia Lesson 1831 = Polyphyllia novaehiberniae
(354)
novaehiberniae, Polyphyllia (Lesson 1831)
novaezelandiae, Errina Hickson 1912
nuda, Rhizopsammia van der Horst 1926
nuda, Seriatopora Lamarck 1816 =?
nudiceps, Manopora Dana 1848 = Montipora cristagalli (306.784)
nutrix, Blastotrochus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
nutrix, Flabellum (Milne-Edwards & Haime 1848) = Blastotrochus
nutrix [126a]}
122,
122
142
oahense, Endopachys Vaughan 1907 = E. grayi [827]
oahensis, Dendrophyllia Vaughan 1907 = Eguchipsammia fistula
[123a]
oahensis. Fungia Déderlein 1901 = F. scutaria [354]
oahensis, Trochocyathus Vaughan 1907
oaxacensis, Astrangia Palmer 1928
obliqua, Astrea Lamarck 1816 =?
obliqua, Fungia fungites forma Thiel 1932 = F. fungites
obliqua. Stenohelia (Studer 1878) = Conopora laevis
obliquus. Conopora (Studer 1878) = C. laevis {105}
obliquus, Stvlaster Studer 1878 = Conopora laevis
oblita, Chypastrea Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 =? Virgin Islands
of the United States [196]
oblitum, Desmophyllum Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 =?
oblongatus, Heterocyathus Rehberg 1892 = H. aequicostatus [356]
obscura. Acropora (Brook 1893) = A. humilis [674]
obscura, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora humilis
obtusa, Fungia patella var. Klunzinger 1879 = F. fungites
obtusa, Goniastraea halicora var. Kiunzinger 1879
= Favites halicora
obtusa, Pavonia crassa var. Dana 1848 = Pavona decussata
obtusangula, Pavonia Lamarck 1816 = Psammocora obtusangula
obtusangula, Psammocora (Lamarck 1816)
obtusata, Madrepora Klunzinger 1879 = Acropora hemprichii
obtusata, Montipora Quelch 1886 =? Fiji [621]
obtusata, Pavona (Quelch 1884) = P. venosa [674]
obtusata, Pocillopora Gardiner 1897 = ? New Caledonia [261]
obtusata. Polyastra (Quelch 1884) = Pavona venosa
obtusata, Prionastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Favites abdita
[839]
obtusata, Tichoseris Quelch 1884 = Pavona venosa
occidentalis, ? Gray ? = Stichopathes gracilis
occidentalis, Stichopathes (Gray ?) = S. gracilis
ocellata, Acropora (Klunzinger 1879)
ocellata, Alveopora Wells 1954
ocellata, Astreopora Bernard 1896
ocellata, Madrepora Klunzinger 1879 = Acropora ocellata
ocellata, Seriatopora Ehrenberg 1834 =? Philippines [621]
ocellina, Astraea Dana 1848 = Cyphastrea ocellina [744.844]
ocellina, Cyphastrea (Dana 1848)
ocellina, Orbicella (Dana 1848) = Cyphastrea ocellina [784]
ochracea, Allopora Quelch 1884 = Stlaster nobilis
ochracea, Distichopora Quelch 1885 = D. nitida [105]
18
ochraceus. Srlaster (Quelch 1884) = S. nobilis [105]
octoformis, Alveopora Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 =? Indonesia
[506]. Mauritius [242.674]
octonaria, Caryophyllia Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
octopali, Caryophyllia Vaughan 1907
octoptera, Seriatopora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = S. caliendrum
oculata, Amphelia (Linnaeus 1758) = Madrepora oculata [126a]
oculata. Lophohelia?? =?
oculata, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758
oculata, Oculina Dana 1848 =? W. Indies [173a]
oculeus, Lochmaeotrochus Alcock 1902
oculina. Allopora Ehrenberg 1834 =? United Kingdom [202]
Oculina Lamarck 1816 82
Oculinidae Gray 1847 79
Odontocyathus Moseley 1881 122
Odontocyathus Brook 1893 = Acropora
okeni, Astraea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1857) = Favia speciosa
okeni, Favia Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = F. speciosa [839]
okeni, Mycedium Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 =? Myanmar [483] Oxysmilia Duchassaing 1870
okinawensis. Catalaphyllia Eguchi & Shirai 1977
okinawensis, Porites Veron 1990
oldhami., Stephanotrochus Alcock 1894 = Stephanocyathus nobilis
[125]
oldroydi. Dendrophyllia Oldroyd 1924
oligocyathus. Acropora (Brook 1892)
oligocyathus, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora oligocyathus
ongulense. Flabellum Eguchi 1965
opulens, Sabinotrochus Gravier 1915 =?
Orange Tube Coral
Orbicella Dana 1848 = Montastrea
Orbicellidae Verrill 1901 = Faviidae
orbicularis. Acropora (Brook 1892) = A. clathrata [674]
orbicularis, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora clathrata
[637a.637c.792]
orbicularis, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
orbipora, Madrepora Dana? =?
ordinata, Astraea Verrill 1866 = Favia pallida [839}
Organ-pipe Coral
organu, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = ?
organum. Madrepora Forskal 1775 = ?Galaxea fascicularis (166)
organum, Sarcinula Lamarck 1816 =? Red Sea [427]
orichalcea, Antipathes Pallas 1766 =?
orientalis, Antillia Gerth 1921 = Trachyphyllia geoffroyi [33]
orientalis, Deltocyathoides (Duncan 1876)
orientalis, Deltocyathus Duncan 1876
= Peponocyathus australiensis [123]/Deltocyathoides orientalis
[126a]
orientalis, Lepivalifer Vaughan 1900 = Deltocyathus vaughani (123]
orientalis, Madrepora Brook 1893 = ? Federated States of Micronesia
(87). Fiji [87]
orientalis, Montipora Nemenzo 1957
orientalis, Notocyathus (Duncan 1876)
= Peponocyathus australiensis (116) /Deltocyathoides orientalis
[126a]
orientalis, Paradeltocyathus (Duncan 1876)
= Peponocyathus australiensis [116] /Deltocyathoides orientalis
[126a]
orientalis, Peponocyathus (Duncan 1876) = P. australiensis [116]
/Deltocyathoides orientalis {126a]
orientalis, Peponocyathus Yabe & Eguchi 1932 = P. folliculus (123]
orion, Astraea Dana 1848 =? Sri Lanka [173a]
orion, Orbicella (Dana 1848) =? Tuvalu [265]
ornata, Amphelia (Duncan 1870)
ornata, Amphihelia Duncan 1870 = Amphelia ornata
ornata, Madrepora Brook 1891 =? Australia [85]
ornata, Systemopora Caims 1991
ornatus, Ceratocyathus Seguenza 1864 =? United Kingdom [202]
ornatus, Deltocyathus Gardiner 1899
orpheensis. Echinophyllia Veron & Pichon 1980 = Echinophyllia
tosaensis [354b]
143
29
ortmanni. Madrepora Brook 1893 =? Australia [87]. Federated States
of Micronesia [87]
Onzotrochus Wells 1959 = Turbinolia [123b]
osburni, Balanophyllia Durham & Barnard 1952
= B_ galapagensis [118]
ostreaeformis, Coscinaraea van der Horst 1922
= Coscinastrea monile [674]
otteri, Acropora Crossland 1952 = 4. diversa [792/A. secale
Oulangia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 78
Oulastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 106
Oulophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 106
ovalis, Astraeopora Bernard 1896 = 4. myriophthalma [429]
ovalis. Rhodopsammia Semper 1877 = Balanophyllia cumingii [72]
owenii, Flabellum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= Truncatoflabellum stokesii {116}
Oxpphyllia Yabe & Eguchi 1935 = Echinophyllia
Oxypora kent 1871
Oxyporidae Yabe & Eguchi 1935 = Pectiniidae
122
pachychila, Maeandra (Platygyra) labyrinthica var. Ehrenberg 1834 =
Planygyra daedalea
pachyclados, Acropora variabilis var. Crossland 1952 = A. variabilis
[792\/A. valida
pachyclados, Madrepora variabilis forma Klunzinger 1879 =
Acropora valida
pachycyathus, Acropora Verrill 1902 =?
pachyphylla, Crenophyilia (Ehrenberg 1834) = Meandrina maeandrites
pachyphylla, Leptoria Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 =?
pachyphylla, Manicina Ehrenberg 1834 = Meandrina maeandrites
pachyphylla, Pectinia (Ehrenberg 1834) = Meandrina maeandrites
pachypoma, Calyptopora (Hickson & England 1905)
= Pseudocrypthelia pachypoma
pachypoma, Cryptohelia Hickson & England 1905
= Pseudocrypthelia pachypoma [15]
pachypoma, Pseudocrypthelia
Pachypsammia Verrill 1866 = Coenopsammia
pachysepta, Lobophyllia Chevalier 1975
Pachyseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1849
pachytheca, Javania Caims 1995
pacifica, ? Broch 1936 = Stylaster norvegicus
pacifica, Acropora (Brook 1891) = A. robusta [792]
pacifica, Allopora norvegica (Broch 1936) = Stylaster norvegicus [45]
pacifica, Anthemiphyllia Vaughan 1907
Pacifica, Astraea Verrill 1872 =? Wake I. [784]
pacifica, Caryophyllia (Yabe & Eguchi 1932) = Dasmosmilia pacifica
[123]
pacifica, Caryophyllia Keller 1981 = Carvophyllia atlantica [123a]
pacifica, Cladocora Cairns 1991
pacifica, Dasmosmilia (Yabe & Eguchi 1932)
pacifica, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora robusta [792]
pacifica, Seriatopora Briiggemann 1877 =? Fiji [89]
pacifica, Stylaster norvegicus forma (Broch 1936) = Splaster
norvegicus [45]
pacificus, Echinopora Veron 1990
pacificus, Goniocyathus Yabe & Eguchi 1932 = Dasmosmilia pacifica
[123]
paeonia, Pectinia (Dana 1848)
paeonia, Tridacophyllia Dana 1848 = Pectinia paeonia
pagoensis, Acropora Hoffmeister 1925
palaoensis, Madracis Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 = Madracis asanoi
[126a]
palata, Lithophyllia Gardiner 1899 = Cynarina lacrymalis [815]
Palauastrea Yabe & Sugiyama 1941 38
palauensis, Favia Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 = Goniastrea palauensis
[839]
palauensis, Favites (Yabe & Sugiyama 1936) = Goniastrea palauensis
palauensis, Goniastrea (Yabe & Sugiyama 1936)
Palauphyllia Yabe Sugiyama & Eguchi 1936 = Lobophyllia
66
palawensis, Fungia actiniformis var. Déderlein 1902 = Heliofungia
actiniformis
palifera. Astrangia Verrill 1869 = Polycvathus palifera
palifera. Acropora (Lamarck 1816)
palifera, Astrea Lamarck 1816 = 4cropora palifera
palifera, Balanophyllia Pourtales 1878
palifera, Bathyactis Alcock 1902 = Fungtacvathus paliferus {123]
palifera, Madrepora (Lamarck 1816) = Acropora palifera [637c]
palifera, Polycvathus (Verrill 1869)
palifera. Turbinaria (Dana 1848) =? Fiji
paliferus, Fungiacyathus (Alcock 1902)
paliferus, Stephanocyathus Cairns 1977
palita, Dendrophvilia Squires & Keyes 1967 = D. alcocki [880]
pallaryi, Hoplangia Joubin 1930 = Cladocora cespitosa (881)
pallens, Oculina Ehrenberg 1834 = O. diffusa [122
pallida, Astraea Dana 1848 = Favia pallida (839)/Favia rotumana
[143]
pallida, Favia (Dana 1848)
pallida, Madrepora Klunzinger 1879 = Acropora humilis
pallida, Montipora Bernard 1897 =?
pallida, Phyllangia Klunzinger 1879 = Polycvathus pallidus [881]
pallidus. Polycvathus (Klunzinger 1879)
palmata. Acropora (Lamarck 1816)
palmata, Madrepora Lamarck 1816 = Acropora palmata [690]
palmata, Madrepora muricata forma Lamarck 1816 = Acropora
palmata (690)
palmata, Manopora Dana 1848 = Montipora palmata
palmata. Montipora (Dana 1848)
palmata, Pocillopora Palmer 1928 = P. capitata [631b]
palmata, Porites Dana 1848 = P. cylindrica [766a)
palmata, Sideropora Blainville 1830 = Snlophora pistillata
palmata. Snlophora (Blainville 1830) = S. pistillata [277.661.674]
palmensis, Goniopora Veron & Pichon 1982
palmerae, Acropora Wells 1954
paloensis, Rhizotrochus Yabe & Eguchi 1942 = R. npus [116]
panamensis, Antipathes Verrill 1869
panamensis, Leptoseris Durham & Barnard 1952
= L. papyracea [185]
panamensis, Porites Vaughan 1919 = P. waylandi [259]
panamensis, Porites Verrill 1866
panda, Caryophyllia Alcock 1902 = Caryophyllia atlantica [123a}
pandanus, Astraea Dana 1848 = Favia speciosa [839]
pandanus, Favia (Dana 1848) = F. speciosa
pandoraensis, Goniopora Veron & Pichon 1982
paniculata, Acropora Verrill 1902
paniculata, Antipathes Esper 1797
paniculata, Antipathes abies var. Esper 1797 = A. paniculata
paniculata, Arachnopathes Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864
= ?Antipathes atlantica
papillosa, Agaricia Lamarck 1816 = Montipora papillosa
papillosa, Allopora Dall 1884 = Srylaster papillosa
papillosa, Crypthelia Cairns 1986
papillosa, Fungia Verrill 1866 = F. fungites [354]
papillosa, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = ?Acropora cuneata
[157]
papillosa, Madrepora Rehberg 1892 =? French Polynesia [87.631]
papillosa, Montipora (Lamarck 1816)
papillosa, Stichopathes Thomson & Simpson 1905
papillosa, Stylantheca (Dall 1884)
papuensis, Phyllangia Studer 1878
papuensis, Stvlaster Zibrowius 1981
papyracea, Folioseris Rehberg 1892 = Leptoseris gardineri [185]
papyracea, Leptoseris (Dana 1848)
papyracea, Pavonia Dana 1848 = Leptoseris papyracea [185]
paraancora, Euphyllia Veron 1990
Paraclavarina Veron 1985 93
Paraconotrochus Caims & Parker 1992 123
Paracyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 123
Paradeltocyathus Yabe & Eguchi 1937
= Peponocyathus (116]/Deltocyathiodes [123b]
N
Paradichocoenia Alloiteau 1957 = Dichocoenia
paradivisa, Euphyllia Veron 1990
paradoxa. Gardineria (Pourtales 1868)
paradoxa, Haplophyllia Pourtalés 1868 = Gardineria paradoxa
paradoxa, Madrepora quelchi var. Brook 1893 =?
paradoxus. Carvopivilia Alcock 1898
Paraerrina Broch 1942
paragea, Allopora campyleca Fisher 1938 = Snlaster campylecus
paraglabrescens, Euphyllia Veron 1990
Parahalomitra Wells 1937 = Sandalolitha {354}
paraluspidus, Ceratotrochus Yabe & Eguchi 1942 = Conotrochus
funicolumna (123)
parallela, Balanophyllia (Semper 1872) =? Indonesia [370]. Myanmar
[373]. Philippines [671]. Sr: Lanka [72]
parallela, Rhodopsammia Semper 1872 =? Philippines [621]
Parantipathes Brook 1889 34
paraoctopali, Caryophyllia Yabe & Eguchi 1942 = C. rugosa [123]
Parascolymia Wells 1964 = Scolymia
Parasimplastrea Sheppard 1985 107
parasitica, Montipora Bernard 1900 =? Christmas Island [29]
parasiticus, Dunocyathus Tenison-W oods 1878
parasiticus, Heterocyathus Semper 1872 = H. alternatus [356]
Parasmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 124
Parastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Favia
Paratrochocyathus Alloiteau 1958 = Trochocyathus
parilis. Acropora (Quelch 1886)
parilis, Madrepora Quelch 1886 = Acropora parilis
paripavoninum. Flabellum Alcock 1894
= Truncatoflabellum paripavoninum [116]
paripavoninum. Flabellum pavoninum var. Alcock 1894
= Truncatoflabellum paripavoninum
paripavoninum, Truncatoflabellum (Alcock 1894)
parisepta, Platytrochus Caims & Parker 1992
parvicalyx, Porites lobata forma Vaughan 1907 = P. lobata
parvicella, Favites Nemenzo 1959 = F. pentagona [768.839]
parvicellata, Porites arenosa var. Gardiner 1898 = P. lutea
parvimurata, Favia Gardiner 1904 = Goniastrea favulus [839]
parvispina, Fungia echinata var. Doderlein 1902 = Crenactis echinata
parvistella, Acropora (Verrill 1864)
parvistella, Astraea Dana 1848 = Goniastrea retiformis [839]
panvistella, Cladocora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = C. arbuscula
[889]
parvistella, Goniastrea (Dana 1848) = G. retiformis
parvistella, Goniopora Ortmann 1888
parvistella, Madrepora Verrill 1864 = Acropora parvistella
parvistella, Turbinaria Kent 1871
parvistellata, Porites Quelch 1886
parvula, Balanophyllia Moseley 1881
parvula, Caryophyllia Caims 1979
parvula, Madrepora eurystoma var. Brook 1893 = Acropora tenuis
parvulus, Paracyathus Gardiner 1899 =? Maldives [270]. New
Caledonia [266]
paschalensis, Leptoseris Wells 1972 = L. solida [185]
paschalensis, Porites Vaughan 1906 = P. lobata [820]
patagonica, Oculina Angelis 1907
patagonichum, Flabellum Moseley 1881 =? Chile [520]
patella, Fungia (Ellis & Solander 1786) = F. fungites (354)
patella, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Fungia fungites
patella, Madrepora Studer 1878 =? Papua New Guinea [87]
patellaris, Fungia Lamarck 1801 = F. fungites [354]
patelliformis. Cycloseris (Boschma 1923)
= Fungia cyclolites/F. fragilis [354]
patelliformis, Fungia Boschma 1923
= Fungia cyclolites/F. fragilis [354]
patens, Flabellum Moseley 1881
patera, Anthemiphyllia Pourtalés 1878
Paterocyathus Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = Caryophyllia
patinaeformis, Madrepora Esper 1797 =?
patinaeformis. Montipora (Esper 1797) =? Federated States of
Micronesia [558]. French Polynesia [558]. Sri Lanka [558]
152
patriarca, Cladocora Pourtalés 1874 = C. debilis [827] peircei, Crypthelia Pourtales 1867
patula, Acanthastrea (Dana 1848) = Diploastrea heliopora pelewensis, Madrepora Rehberg 1892 = ?Acropora brueggemanni/A
patula. Acropora (Brook 1892) = A. laristella [674)\/4. aculeus [792] humilis [806] Palau [631]
patula, Astraea Dana 1848 = Diploastrea heliopora [744.844] pellucida, Echinopora Rehberg 1892 =? Palau [631]
patula, Bathypathes Brook 1889 peltata, Gemmipora (Esper 1797) = Turbinaria peltata {784}
patula, Diploastrea (Dana 1848) = D. heliopora peltata, Madrepora Esper 1797 = Turbinaria peltata
patula. Echinophyllia (Hodgson & Ross 1982) peltata. Turbinaria (Esper 1797)
patula, Gemmipora Dana 1848 = Turbinaria patula (784) peltiformis, Montipora Bernard 1897
patula, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora lanstella/A. aculeus [792] pelvis. Polyphyllia Quoy & Gaimard 1833 = P. talpina
patula, Montipora Verrill 1869 = M. hispida [674.775] pendulus, Goniopora Veron 1985
patula. Orbicella (Dana 1848) = Diploastrea heliopora pennacea, Antipathes Pallas 1766
patula, Physophyllia Hodgson & Ross 1982 = Echinophyllia patula _ pennacea. Aphanipathes (Pallas 1766) = Antipathes pennacea
patula. Turbinaria (Dana 1848) pentagona. Astraea (Esper 1797) = Favites pentagona
pauciflora, Dichocoenia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = D. stokesii pentagona. Favites (Esper 1797)
[889] pentagona. Goniastrea (Esper 1797) = Favites pentagona
paucipalata, Caryophyllia Moseley 1881 pentagona, Madrepora Esper 1797 = Favites pentagona [839]
pauciradiata, Galaxea (Blainville 1830) pentagona, Prionastraea (Esper 1797) = Favites pentagona
pauciradiata, Sarcinula Blainville 1830 = Galaxea pauciradiata Pentalophora Kent 1871 = Madracis
[354b] Peponocyathus Gravier 1915 124
paucisepta, Favia Chevalier 1972 = F. pallida (841) perampla, Madrepora Hom 1861 = Acropora palmata [776)
paucisepta, Galaxea Claereboudt 1990 percarinata, Pavonia Ridley 1883 = P. varians [371]
pauciseptata. Caryophyllia Yabe & Eguchi 1932 perculta, Caryophyllia Cairns 1991
pauciseptata, Conopora Broch 1951 = C. verrucosa [105] peresi. Favites Faure & Pichon 1978
pauciseptata, Stenohelia Cairns 1986 perexigua, Sphenotrochus emarciatus var. Dennant 1906 =
paucispina, Cirripathes Brook 1889 = Stichopathes paucispina Idiotrochus perexigua
paucispina, Porites compressa forma angustisepta subforma perexigua, Idiotrochus (Dennant 1906)
Vaughan 1907 = P. compressa perforata, Montipora Bernard 1897
paucispina. Stichopathes (Brook 1889) peroni, Plesiastraea Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 =? Australia
paucistellata, Pocillopora Quelch 1886 =? Indonesia [621]. Kiribati [507.716]. Mauritius [242.557]
[463]. Tuvalu [261] persicus, Agelecyathus Duncan 1876 =? Persian Gulf [205]
paulmayeri, Cladocora Diderlein 1913 = C. cespitosa [579a} persicus, Paracyathus Duncan 1876
paulmayeri, Cladocora cespitosa var. Déderlein 1913 =C. cespitosa _pertusa. Lophelia (Linnaeus 1758)
paumotensis, Fungia Stutchbury 1833 pertusa, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = Lophelia pertusa [881]
paumotensis. Lobactis (Stutchbury 1833) = Fungia paumotensis petiveri, Oculina Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = ?
paumotensis, Stylocoeniella Chevalier 1976 = Pavona clavus [827] petrograpta, Allopora Fisher 1938 = Shlantheca petrograpta
paupera, Montipora Marenzeller 1901 petrograpta, Stylantheca (Fisher 1938)
pauroclema, Antipathes Pax 1932 petrograpta, Stylaster (Fisher 1938) = Stylantheca petrograpta
Pavona Lamarck 1801 67 petrosa, Astraea Dana 1848 = ?
Pavonia Lamarck 1816 = Pavona petrosa. Dichocoenia (Dana 1848) =?
pavonina, Euphyllia (Lesson 1831) = Flabellum pavoninum [784] petterdi, Thrypticotrochus (Dennant 1906)
pavoninum, Flabellum Lesson 1831 petterdi, Trochocyathus Dennant 1906 = Thrypticotrochus petterdi
paxilligera, Acropora (Dana 1848) = A. humilis [674] [116]
paxilligera, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora humilis pezita, Cyathina Ehrenberg 1834 = Caryophyllia cyathus [784]
Pearl Coral 125 Phacelocyathus Caims 1979 124
pectinata, Acropora (Brook 1892) = A. hyacinthus [637a.637c.792] Phalangopora Kirkpatrick 1887 152
pectinata, Actinastrea (Pourtalés 1871) Pharaonis, Acropora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860)
pectinata, Antipathes Lamarck 1815 pharaonis. Acropora Pillai 1971 = A. teres [602]
pectinata, Astraea Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Goniastrea pharaonis, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = Acropora
pectinata pharaonis
pectinata, Astrocaenia Pourtalés 1871 = Actinastrea pectinata pharensis, Astrocoenia Heller 1868 = Madracis decactis
pectinata, Ctenophyllia (Lamarck 1801) = Meandrina meandrites pharensis. Madracis (Heller 1868) = M. decactis [249]
pectinata, Fungia Ehrenberg 1834 = Crenactis echinata [354] Philippensis, Endopsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
pectinata, Goniastrea (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) philippinensis, Acropora (Rehberg 1892)
pectinata, Hyalopathes (Lamarck 1815) = Antipathes pectinata Philippinensis, Deltocyathus Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
pectinata, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora hyacinthus [792] Philippinensis, Gardineria Cairns 1989
pectinata, Meandrina Lamarck 1801 = Meandrina maeandrites Philippinensis, Halomitra (Studer 1901) = H. pileus [674.768]
[501.889] Philippinensis, Heterocyathus Semper 1872 = H. aequicostatus [356]
Pectinia Oken 1815 84 Pphilippinensis, Madrepora Rehberg 1892 = Acropora philippinensis
Pectiniidae Vaughan & Wells 1943 83 Philippinensis, Podabacia Studer 1901 = Halomitra pileus [354]
pedata, Antipathes Gray 1857 philippinensis, Trochocyathus Semper 1872
pedata, Aphanipathes (Gray 1857) = Antipathes pedata Phloeocyathus Alcock 1902 = Conotrochus
pedata, Savagliopsis (Gray 1857) = Antipathes pedata phoenix, Truncatoflabellum Cairms 1995
pedersenti, Astrangia Verrill 1869 = A. haimei [375a] Phrygia, Leptoria (Ellis & Solander 1786)
pedersenii, Astropsammia Verrill 1869 phrygia, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Leptoria phrygia [839]
pedersenii, Tubastraea (Verrill 1869) =[T. coccinea Phrygia, Platygyra (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Leptoria phrygia
[(827]/Astropsammia pedersenii phrygiana, Madrepora Esper 1797 = ?
pedicellatus, Placotrochus Tenison-Woods 1879 phrygiana, Montipora (Esper 1797) = ?
Pedicellocyathus Caims 1995 135 Phyllangia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 79
pedroensis, Paracyathus Vaughan 1903 = P. stearnsii (118) phyllangioides, Astrangia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 =? Virgin
pedunculata. Goniopora Quoy & Gaimard 1833 Islands of the United States [197]
N
i)
Phyllastraea Dana 1848 = \fvcedium
Phyllopora Ehrenberg 1834 = Astreopora
Phyllopora Tenison-W oods 1879 = Snlophora
Phymastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Favia
Physogyra Quelch 1884
Physophyllia Duncan 1885
picea, Antipathes Pourtalés 1880 = 4. hirta
picten. Euphyilia Bedot 1907
pileiformis. Lithactinia (Dana 1848) = Polyphyillia novaehiberniae
pileiformis, Polyphyllia Dana 1848 = P. novaehiberniae [354]
pileus, Cyathotrochus (Alcock 1902)
pileus, Fungia Lamarck 1801 =?
pileus, Halomitra (Linnaeus 1758)
pileus, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = Halomutra pileus [354]
pileus, Trochocyathus Alcock 1902
= Tropidocyathus pileus [116]/Cyathotrochus pileus
pileus. Tropidocyathus (Alcock 1902) = Cyathotrochus pileus
Pillar Coral 110
pilosa. Aphanipathes wollastoni var. Johnson 1900 = Antipathes
wollastoni
pilosa. Hydnophora Veron 1985 = Hvdnophora exesa [35 1a}
pilosa, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? New Caledonia [28]
pilosa, Porites compressa forma Vaughan 1907 = P. compressa
Pineapple Coral 63
pinguis. Acropora Wells 1950 = A. robusta [674.775]
pini, Platygyra Chevalier 1975
pinnata, Millepora Lamarck 1816 = ? Mediterranean [427]
pinnatifida, Antipathes Lamouroux 1821 = ?4. myriophylla
piriformis, Montipora caliculata var. Bernard 1897 = M. caliculata
pistillata, Madrepora Esper 1797 = Stlophora pistillata
pistillata, Sideropora (Esper 1797) = Snlophora pistillata [784]
pistillata, Sylophora (Esper 1797)
pisum, Heteropsammia Alcock 1902 =?
Placocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Meandrina
Placotrochides Alcock 1902 132
Placotrochus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 134
placunaria, Fungia Klunzinger 1879 = F. scutaria [354]
plana, Acropora Nemenzo 1967 = A. tenuis [768]
plana, Antipathes Forster Cooper 1909
plana, Caulastrea Hodgson & Ross 1982 = C. tumida [768]
plana, Fungia Studer 1878 = F. concinna [674]
planilamellata, Caryophyllia Dennant 1906
planipora, Psammocora Milne Edwards & Haime 1851
= P. contigua [674]
planiuscula, Manopora Dana 1848 = Montipora verrucosa [775]
planiuscula, Montipora (Dana 1848) = M. verrucosa
planocella, Porites Nemenzo ? = P. cylindrica [768]
plantagenista, Antipathes (Forster Cooper 1904)
plantagenista, Aphanipathes Forster Cooper 1904 = Antipathes
plantagenista
plantaginea, Acropora (Dana 1848) = A. secale [674]
plantaginea, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora secale
plantaginea, Madrepora Lamarck 1816 = Acropora acervata
planulata, Agaricia Dana 1848 = Gardineroseris planulata
planulata, Asteroseris (Dana 1848) = Gardineroseris planulata
planulata, Astraea Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Goniopora
planulata
planulata, Gardineroseris (Dana 1848)
planulata, Goniastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = G. pectinata
[839]
planulata, Goniopora (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834)
planulata, Pavona (Dana 1848) = Gardineroseris planulata [674]
planus. Flabellum Squires 1962
Plate Coral 51
plateformis. Montipora Nemenzo 1967 = M. hispida [768]
platycaulus. Bathypathes Totton 1923
platycyathus, Acropora (Brook 1893)
platycyathus, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora plautycyathus
Platycyathus Fromentel 1863 125
Platygyra Ehrenberg 1834
124
85
platyphylla, Millepora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834
planpoma, Crpthelia (Hickson & England 1905)
platypoma, Cryptohelia Hickson & England 1905 = Crypthelia
planjpoma
planpus. Ceratotrochus Moseley 1876 = Stephanocyathus planpus
planpus, Stephanocyathus (Moseley 1876)
planus, Stephanotrochus (Moseley 1876) = Stephanocyathus plan pus
Platytrochus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 125
pleiades, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Solenastrea hvades
pleiades. Orbicella (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Solenastrea hyades
pleiades, Solenastrea (Ellis & Solander 1786) = S. hyades
plenispina, Bathypathes patula var. Brook 1889 = B. patula
Pleotrochus Cairns 1997 125
Plerogyra Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 125
Plesiastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 108
Plesioseris Duncan 1884 61
Pleuractis Verrill 1864 = Fungia
Pleurocyathus Keferstein 1859 =?
Pleurocyathus Moseley 1881 = Conotrochus
plicata, ? Kent 1893 = Catalaphyllia jardinei
plicata. Catalaphyilia (Kent 1893) = C. jardinei [674]
plicata, Catalaphyllia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
plicata, Fungia fungites var. Déderlein 1902 = F. fungites
plicata, Madrepora Brook 1891 =? Australia [87]. New Caledonia
[482]. Tonga [85.87]
plicata, Millepora Esper 1794
plicata, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Australia [28]
plicata, Pavonia Lamarck 1816 = Psammocora contigua [506]
plicata, Pectinia Nemenzo ? = P. alcicornis [768]
plicata, Pocillopora Dana 1848
plicata, Podabacia elegans forma Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 =
Lithophyllon undulatum
plicata, Psammocora Dana 1848 = P. contigua [371]
plicata, Rhipidogyra Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Catalaphyllia
plicata
plicata, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 =? Australia
pliciseptus, Fungiacyathus Keller 1976
pliculosa, Fungia Studer 1878 = F. fungites [354]
Pliobothrus Pourtalés 1868
pluma, Antipathes Gray 1857
plumieri, Porites Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 =? Virgin Islands
of the United States [197]
plumosa, Cladopathes Brook 1889
pocillifera, Madrepora Lamarck 1816 =? Australia. Fiji [621]. French
Polynesia. Tonga [621]. Vanuatu [621]
pocilliformis, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 =? Australia
Pocillopora Lamarck 1816
Pocilloporidae Gray 1842
pocilloporina, Acropora Wallace 1994
pocillum, Caryophyllia ? ? =?
pocillum. Phyllangia?? =?
poculata, Astrangia (Ellis & Solander 1786)
poculata, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Astrangia poculata
[582]
poculum, Endopsamnmia Alcock 1902 = ?
poculum, Leptopsammia van der Horst 1922
poculum, Montlivaultia Pourtales 1878 =? ?United States [613]
fossil
poculum, Parasmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
Podabacia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 75
polarensis, ? Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 = Favites polarensis
polarensis. Favites (Yabe & Sugiyama 1936)
politum, Flabellum Cairns 1989
pollicata, Pavona Wells 1954 = P. maldivensis [772]
pollicata, Pseudocolumnastrea (Wells 1954) = Pavona maldivensis
Polyastra Ehrenberg 1834 = Pavona
Polycyathus Duncan 1876
polyformis, Alveopora Zou 1980 = Goniopora polyformis
polyformis, Goniopora (Zou 1980)
polygama, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = ?
152
38
37
126
222
polygona, Caryophyllia Pourtalés 1878
polgonata, Hydnophora (Lamarck 1816) =H. exesa
polygonata, Monticularia Lamarck 1816 = Hvdnophora exesa [839]
polymorpha. Acropora (Brook 1891)
polymorpha. Allopora (Broch 1936) = Snlaster polymorphus
polymorpha, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora polymorpha
polymorphus. Porites Link 1807 = P. porites {102}
polymorphus, Stvlaster Broch 1936
Polymyces Caims 1979 134
polvorchis, Allopora Fisher 1938 = Snilaster polyorchis
polyorchis, Stvlaster (Fisher 1938)
Polyphyllia Quoy & Gaimard 1833 76
polypoma, Crpthelia Caims 1991
Polystachys Brook 1893 = Acropora
polysticha. Cirrhipathes rumphii var. van Pesch 1910 = C. rumphii
polystichopora. Lepidopora Caims 1985
polystoma. Acropora (Brook 1891)
polystoma, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora polvstoma
ponderosa, Acropora Nemenzo 1967 = A. robusta [768]
ponderosa, Agaricia Gardiner 1905 = Gardineroseris planulata [674]
ponderosa. Agariciella (Gardiner 1905) = Gardineroseris planulata
ponderosa, Balanophyllia van der Horst 1926
ponderosa, Gardineria (Gardiner 1905)
= Gardineroseris planulata [674]
ponderosa, Gardineroseris (Gardiner 1905) = G. planulata [602]
ponderosa. Polyastra (Gardiner 1905) = Gardineroseris planulata
ponderosa, Pavona (Gardiner 1905) = Gardineroseris planulata (674)
ponderosa var. minikoiensis, Agaricia (Gardiner 1905)
= Gardineroseris planulata [674]
porcata, Astrea Lamarck 1816 = Dichocoenia stokesii [484]
porcata, Dichocoenia (Lamarck 1816) = D. stokesii
porcata, Madrepora Esper 1797 =?
porcellana, Madrepora (Lamarck 1816) =?
porcellana, Neohelia Moseley 1881
porcellanea, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
Pore Coral 50
porifera. ? Naumov 1960 = Errinopora porifera
porifera, Errinopora (Naumov 1960)
porites. Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Porites porites [690]
porites, Porites (Pallas 1766)
Porites Link 1807 56
Poritidae Gray 1842 54
poritiformis. Montipora Verrill 1866
porosa, Domoseris Quelch 1886 = Leptoseris solida [185]
porosa. Leptoseris (Quelch 1886) = L. solida [674]
porosa, Montipora Bassett-Smith 1890 = ? Macclesfield Bank [22]
porosa, Pocillopora Verrill 1869 = P. verrucosa [691)/P. capitata
porosa, Pocillopora capitata var. Verrill 1869 = P. capitata
porosa, Porites Verrill 1869 = P. californica [375a]
Porous Lettuce Coral 84
Porous Star Coral 49
porphyra, Allopora (Fisher 1931) = Stylantheca porphyra
porphyra, Stylantheca Fisher 1931
porphyreus, Paracyathus Alcock 1893
portoricensis, Cyathoceras Vaughan 1901 = Oxysmilia
portoricensis/?Oxysmilia rotundifolia {101}
portoricensis, Goniopora Vaughan 1919 = Porites portoricensis
portoricensis, Oxysmilia (Vaughan 1901)
Pportoricensis, Porites (Vaughan 1919)
porulosa, Millepora Ehrenberg 1834 =?
pourtalesi, Blastosmilia Duncan 1878 = Pourtalosmilia anthophyllites
[881]
pourtalesi, Caryophyllia Duncan 1873 = C. smithii [118]
pourtalesi, Deltocyathus Caims 1979
pourtalesi, Endopsammia (Durham & Bamard 1952)
pourtalesi, Lepidotheca Cairns 1986
pourtalesi, Stichopathes Brook 1889 = S. gracilis
pourtalesi, Thecopsammia Durham & Barnard 1952
= Endopsammia pourtalesi [118]
pourtalesii, Errina Dall 1884 = Errinopora pourtalesii
N
pourtalesi. Errinopora (Dall 1884)
Pourtalocvathus Caims 1979
Pourtalosmilia Duncan 1885
praecipua, Dendrophyllia Gardiner & Waugh 1939
praerupta, Manicina Ehrenberg 1834 = \/. areolata [786.889]
praetorta. Lophoserts (Dana 1848) = Pavona cactus
praetorta, Pavonia Dana 1848 = Pavona cactus [674]
prava. Montipora Nemenzo 1967 = Af. cactus [768]
Premocyathus Yabe & Eguchi 1942
prescillae. Seriatopora Nemenzo ? = S. caliendrum [768]
pretiosa, Pavonia Bassett-Smith 1890 = Leptoseris papyracea [185]
primoraialts. Tridacophyllia Gardiner 1899 = Dacnlotrochus
cervicornis [807]
Prionastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Favires
prismatica, Pavonia Briiggemann 1879 = ? Federated States of
Micronesia [93]
prismatica, Tubipora Lamarck 1801 =?
procumbens. Acropora (Brook 1891) = A. echinata [674)/A. subglabra
[792]
procumbens, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora echinata/A
subglabra [792]
producta. Polyphvilia Folkeson 1919 = P. talpina [354]
proechinata. Fungia Déderlein 1901 = F. paumotensis [354]
profunda. Allopora Moseley 1879 = Snlaster profundus
profunda, Amphihelia (Pourtales 1867) = Enallopsammia profunda
profunda, Astraeopora Verrill 1872
= Astreopora myriophthalma [429.430]
profunda, Caryophyllia Moseley 1881
profunda, Ctenophyllia Dana 1848 = Pectinia profunda [784]/
Meandrina meandrites
profunda, Dendrophyllia (Pourtales 1867) = Enallopsammia profunda
[875]
profunda, Diplohelia Pourtalés 1867 = Enallopsammia profunda [875]
profunda, Distichopora Hickson & England 1909
profunda, Enallopsammia (Pourtales 1867)
profunda, Favites vamanarii var. Umbgrove 1939 = F. chinensis
profunda, Madracis Zibrowius 1980
profunda, Madrepora Gardiner 1898 =? New Caledonia [262]
profunda, Montipora Bernard 1897
profunda, Oculina Cairns 1991
profunda, Pectinia (Dana 1848) = Meandrina meandrites
profunda, Stenohelia Moseley 1881
profunda, Stereopsammia (Pourtalés 1867) = Enallopsammia profunda
[875]
profundacella, Psammocora Gardiner 1898
profundicalyx, Porites compressa forma Vaughan 1907 = P.
compressa
profundicella, Balanophyllia Gardiner 1899 =? Myanmar [276]. New
Caledonia [266]
profundicella, Prionastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850= Favites
abdita [839]
profundior, Phymastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Favia
valenciennesii [839]
profundiporus. Stylaster Broch 1936
profundorum, Porites compressa forma Vaughan 1907 = P.
compressa
profundum, Flabellum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= Truncatoflabellum spheniscus [123]
profundum, Truncatoflabellum (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) = 7.
spheniscus [123]
profundus, Paracyathus Duncan 1889
profundus, Porites Rehberg 1892
profundus, Stylaster (Moseley 1879)
profusa, Acropora Nemenzo 1967
prolifer, Ceratocyathus Pourtalés 1871 = Asterosmilia prolifera [881]
prolifera, Acropora (Lamarck 1816)
prolifera, Asterosmilia (Pourtalés 1871)
prolifera, Lophelia (Pallas 1766) = L. pertusa [881]
prolifera, Madrepora Lamarck 1816 = Acropora prolifera!
prolifera, Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Lophelia pertusa [881.123]
127
23
prolifera, Merulina Quelch 1886 =? Indonesia [621]
prolifera, Monnpora Briiggemann 1879 = Af foliosa (674)
prolifera. Oculina (Pallas 1766) = Lophelia pertusa
prolixa. Acropora (Verrill 1866) = 4. carduus/4. longicvathus
[430.792]
prolixa. Madrepora Verrill 1866 = Acropora carduus [773)/Acropora
longicyathus [792]
prominens. Acropora Nemenzo 1967 = 4. palifera [768]
prominula, Montipora Crossland 1952 =? Australia [168]
propinqua, Cirripathes Brook 1889 = Cirrhipathes anguina [381]
prostrata. Acropora (Dana 1848)
prostrata, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora prostrata/Acropora
millepora [775]
prostrata, Stylophora Klunzinger 1879 = S. pistillata [277.661]
Protolobophyllia Yabe & Sugivama 1935 = Cynarina
Protomussa Matthai 1928 = Mfussismilia
providentiae, Distichopora (Hickson & England 1909)
providentiae. Sporadopora Hickson & England 1909 = Distichopora
providentiae
proximans. Plesiastraea Dennant 1904 = P. versipora [843]
pruinosa, Acropora (Brook 1893)
pruinosa, Leptastrea Crossland 1952
pruinosa, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora pruinosa
pruinosus, Paracyathus Alcock 1902
pruvoti, Leptopsammia Lacaze-Duthiers 1897
Psammocora Dana 1848 61
Psammoseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 = Heterocyathus [356]
pseudoalabastra, Javania Zibrowius 1974
Pseudocolumnastrea Y abe & Sugiyama 1933 = Pavona
Pseudocrypthelia Cairns 1983
Pseudocyathoceras Caims 1991
pseudodichotoma, Antipathes Silberfeld 1909
Pseudosiderastrea Yabe & Sugiyama 1935 62
pseudostephanus, Fungiacyathus Keller 1976
pseudothyron, Adelopora Caims 1982
pseudoturbinolia. Caryophyllia Michelin 1841 = C. smithii
pseudoturbinolia, Cyathina (Michelin 1841) = Caryophyllia smithii
[889]
Pteropathes Brook 1889 = Antipathes
pteropus, Paracyathus Gosse 1860 = Caryophyllia smithii [118]
pudica, Crypthelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849
puertogalerae, Anacropora Nemenzo 1964
pukoensis, Porites Vaughan 1907
pulchella, Astrangia Verrill 1866
pulchella, Cladocora Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 =? Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines [501]
pulchella, Cyathina Philippi 1842 = Paracyathus pulchellus
pulchella, Diaseris Verrill 1866 = Fungia distorta [354]
pulchella, Pocillopora Briiggemann 1879 =? Federated States of
Micronesia [93]. Fiji [261]
pulchella, Siderastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =?
pulchellus, Heterocyathus Rehberg 1892 = H. sulcatus [356]
pulchellus, Paracyathus (Philippi 1842)
pulcher, Stylaster Quelch 1884
pulcherrima, Dichocoenia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = D.
stokesii [889]
pulcherrima, Montipora Bernard 1897 = M. foliosa [674]
pulcherrima, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
pulchra, Acropora (Brook 1891)
pulchra, Astraea Dana 1848 = Leptastrea purpurea [744.844]
pulchra, Leptastrea (Dana 1848) = L. purpurea
pulchra, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora pulchra
pulchra, Rhizopsammia Verrill 1869
152
127
pulvinaria, Astrea Lamarck 1816 = Astreopora myriophthalma [429]
pulvinatum, Cheiloporidion Caims 1983
pulvinula, Goniopora Wells 1954
pumila, Acropora (Verrill 1866)
pumila, Antipathes Brook 1889 =? Pakistan [84]
pumila, Madrepora Verrill 1866 = Acropora pumila
pumila, Millepora Dana 1848
pumila, Pocillopora capitata var. Verrill 1869 = P. elegans [691)/P
capitata
punctata. Antipathes Roule 1905
punctata, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = Snlaraea punctata
punctata, Montipora Bernard 1897 = M_ hispida [674]
punctata, Parasmilia Lindsuom 1877 = ?
punctata., Porites (Linnaeus 1758) = Stlaraea punctata
punctata, Srvlaraea (Linnaeus 1758)
punctata, Tylopathes Roule 1905 =?
punctatus, Stylaster Pourtalés 1871
punctifera, Astrea Lamarck 1816 = Astreopora listeri
punctifera. Astreopora (Lamarck 1816) = A. listeri [429]
purpurascens, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = ?
purpuratus, ? Naumov 1960 = Snlaster purpuratus
purpuratus. Stvlaster (Naumov 1960)
purpurea, Agaricia var. Lesueur 1820 = A. agaricites [102]
purpurea, Agaricia agaricites Lesueur 1820 = A. agaricites
purpurea, Astraea Dana 1848 = Leptastrea purpurea [744.844]
purpurea. Distichopora Ltk. ? =? Marshall Islands
purpurea, Leptastrea (Dana 1848)
purpurea, Porites Gardiner 1898 = P. lichen [807]
purpurea. Prionastraea (Dana 1848) = Leptastrea purpurea
pusilla, Agaricia agaricites var. Verrill 1901 = 4. agaricites
pusilla, Dendrophyllia Alcock 1902 = Enallopsammia pusilla [875]
pusilla, Diaseris Pourtalés 1868 = Fungiacyathus pusillus
pusilla, Enallopsammia (Alcock 1902)
pusillum, Truncatoflabellum Cairns 1989
pusillus, Fungiacyathus (Pourtalés 1868)
pustulifera, Madrepora brevicollis var. Brook 1893 = Acropora
digitifera
pustulosa. Acropora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860)
= A. pharaonis [674]
pustulosa, Madrepora Klunzinger 1879 = ?
pustulosa, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860
= Acropora pharaonis
pustulosa, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 =? Australia
puteolina, Astraea Dana 1848 = Favia speciosa [839]
puteolina, Favia (Dana 1848) = F. speciosa [839]
putnami, Astraea Verrill 1872 = Favia pallida [754]
putmami, Favia (Verrill 1872) = F. pallida
pygmaea, Carvophyllia Risso 1826 = Monomyces pygmaea [881]
pygmaea, Favia W. Koch 1886 = F. contorta [142\/F. gravida
pygmaea, Madrepora rosaria forma Brook 1893 = Acropora rosaria
pygmaea, Monomyces (Risso 1826)
pyramidalis, Acropora (Klunzinger 1879) = A. humilis (674)
pyramidalis, Madrepora Klunzinger 1879 = Acropora humilis
pyramidata, Antipathes Lamarck 1815 = ?
pyramidata, Hyalopathes (Lamarck 1815) =?
Pyrophyllia Hickson 1910 = Guynia [116]
quadragenaria, Caryophyllia Alcock 1902
quadrangularis, Astrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Montastrea
curta [843]
quadrata, Ctenophyllia Dana 1848 = Pectinia quadrata [784)/
Meandrina maeandrites [746]
quadrata, Pectinia (Dana 1848) = Meandrina meandrites
quadribrachiata, Bathypathes van Pesch 1914
quatrefagiana, Plesiastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = P.
versipora [242.843]
quaylei, Cyathoceras Durham 1947 = Labyrinthocyathus quaylei [118]
quaylei, Labyrinthocyathus (Durham 1947)
queenslandiae, Leptopsammia Wells 1964
quelchi, Acropora (Brook 1893) = A. nasuta [674]/A. cerealis [430]
quelchi, Madrepora Brook 1893 = A. nasuta [674)/A. cerealis [430]
quelchii, Porites Studer 1901 =? United States: Hawaiian Is [711,751]
quinaria, Cylicia Tenison-Woods 1878 =? Australia [716]
quinarium, Desmophyllum Tenison-W oods 1879 = ? Fiji [718]
quincuncialis, Turbinaria Ortmann 1889
quoyi, Goniastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850= G. pectinata [839]
quoyi, Montipora Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 =? Tonga [506]
224
quoyi, Prionastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Favires abdita
[839]
quovi, Sarcinula Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =? Guam [501]
racemus, Millepora Lamarck 1816 = ?
radians, Antipathes Lamarck 1815 = 4. dichotoma
radians, Brasseyia Wright 1882 = ? Southem seas
radians, Lithophyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 =? Virgin
Islands of the United States [197]
radians, Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Siderastrea radians [690]
radians, Mussa Verrill 1872 =?
radians. Siderastrea (Pallas 1766)
radians, Symphyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849
radiata, Astrea (Ellis & Solander 1786) =?
radiata, Coenopsammia V errill 1864 = Tubastraea coccinea
radiata, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Montastrea cavernosa
[786.889]
radiata, Madrepora Esper 1797 = Favia speciosa [332]
radiata. Parastrea (Esper 1797) = Favia speciosa [332]
radiata, Trachyphyilia (Pichon 1980) = T. geoffrovi [766]
recta, Oculina Queich 1886 =? Virgin Islands of the United States
[621]
recta. Porites Lesueur 1820 = P. furcata (506.784)
recta. Symphvilia (Dana 1848)
recta, Taxipathes Brook 1889
rectifolia, Tridacophyllia Kent 1891 =? Vanuatu [400]
recumbens. Acropora (Brook 1892) = A. hyacinthus [674]
recumbens, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora hvacinthus [792]
recurvatus, Tethocyathus (Pourtales 1878)
recurvatus, Thecocyathus Pourtales 1878 = Tethocvathus recurvatus
Red Cave Coral 143
redviva. Archohelia Wells & Alderslade 1979
rediviva, Balanophyllia Moseley 1881
reesei. Desmophyillum Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 =
Thalamophyllia rusei
reesi. Mycetophyllia Wells 1973
reflexa, Echinopora Dana 1848 = E. lamellosa [744.844]
reflexum, Desmophyllum Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 =? Virgin
Islands of the United States [196]
regalis, Eupsammia Alcock 1893
radiata, Wellsophyllia Pichon 1980 = Trachyphyilia geoffrovi (766.768)regalis, Heteropora Ehrenberg 1834 =?
radiatus, Monomyces (Dennant 1904) = Rhizotrochus radiatus [116]
radiatus. Rhizotrochus Dennant 1904
radicalis, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
ralphae. Caryophyllia Caims 1995
ralphae. Sphenotrochus Squires 1964
rambleri, Acropora (Bassett-Smith 1890)
rambieri, Madrepora Bassett-Smith 1890 = Acropora rambleri
ramea, Amphihelia Duncan 1874 = Madrepora oculata [32b]
ramea. Caryophyilia (Linnaeus 1758) = Dendrophyllia ramea
ramea. Dendrophyllia (Linnaeus 1758)
ramea, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = Dendrophyllia ramea
ramea, Oculina (Linnaeus 1758) = Dendrophyllia ramea
ramiculosa, Acropora (Dana 1848)
ramiculosa, Coenopsammia Rehberg 1892 = ?Tubastraea micrantha
[123]
ramiculosa, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora ramiculosa
ramiculosa, Pocillopora Verrill 1864 =? Kiribati [776]
ramosa, Cirrhipathes van Pesch 1910 = Hillopathes ramosa
ramosa. Crypthelia (Hickson & England 1905)
ramosa, Crypothelia Hickson & England 1905 = Crypthelia ramosa
ramosa, Errina Hickson & England 1905 = Lepidotheca ramosa
ramosa. Hillopathes (van Pesch 1910)
ramosa, Hydnophora Nemenzo 1959 = H. grandis [768]
ramosa, Lepidotheca (Hickson & England 1905)
ramosa, Leptosmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Euphyllia
glabrescens
regalis, Merulina Dana 1848 = M. ampliata [772]
regalis, Mussa Dana 1848 = ? Singapore [776]
regia. Balanophyllia Gosse 1860
regius, Stephanocyathus Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
regularis, Agaricia Quelch 1886 =? Fiji [621]
regularis, Alveopora Thiel 1932 =? Indonesia [728]
regularis, Antipathes Forster Cooper 1904 = ?
regularis. Balanophyllia (Gardiner 1899) = Endopsammia
Philippinensis [126a]
regularis, Domoseris Quelch 1886 = Leptoseris scabra [185]
regularis, Errina (Kirkpatrick 1887) = Phalangopora regularis
regularis. Goniastrea Chevalier 1972 = G. favulus [827]
regularis, Leptoseris (Quelch 1886) = L. scabra [674]
regularis, Phalangopora Kirkpatrick 1887
regularis, Stichopathes Forster Cooper 1909
regularis. Thecopsammia Gardiner 1899 = Endopsammia philippinensis
[126a]
remota, Madrepora Ortmann 1889 = Acropora ceylonica [806]
reniformis, Montipora Nemenzo 1967 = M. peltiformis [768]
reniformis, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
repanda, Fungia Dana 1848
repanda, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = ?
repanda, Verrillofungia (Dana 1848) = Fungia repanda
repens, Coenosmilia Chevalier 1966
= Pourtalosmilia anthophyllites [881]
repens, Lophoseris Briiggemann 1878 = Pavona repens
ramosa, Merulina Ehrenberg in Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 = \/. repens, Madrepora Rehberg 1892 = ?Madrepora stigmataria
ampliata [484]
ramosa, Millepora alcicornis var. Pallas 1766 = M. ramosa
ramosa, Millepora Pallas 1766
ramosa, Montipora Bernard 1897 = M. digitata
ramosa, Palauastrea Yabe & Sugiyama 1941
ramosa, Pavonia Bassett-Smith 1890 = Leptoseris papyracea [185]
ramosa, Psammocora Quelch 1886 =? Philippines [621]
ramosus, Stylaster Broch 1947
randalli, Astreopora Lamberts 1980
raoulensis, Falcatoflabellum Caims 1995
rarisepta, Favia Eguchi & Shirai ? = ?
rathbuni, Astrangia Vaughan 1906 = A. solitaria [889]
raukawaensis, Flabellum Squires & Keyes 1967
rawsonii, Trochocyathus Pourtalés 1874
rayneri, Acropora (Brook 1892) = A. granulosa [792]
rayneri, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora rayneri/A. granulosa
recidivus, Aulocyathus (Dennant 1906)
recidivus, Ceratotrochus Dennant 1906 = Aulocyathus recidivus [123]
reclinata, Acropora Nemenzo 1967 = A. palifera [768]
recta, Mussa Dana 1848 = Symphyllia recta [773]
recta, Notophyllia Dennant 1906
[(87]/Acropora stigmataria
repens, Pavona (Briiggemann 1878)
reptans, Anacropora Bernard 1897 =? Macclesfield Bank [28]
reptans. Goniopora Bemard ? = ? British Indian Ocean Territory
[672.674]
reptans, Stellangia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 =? Virgin Islands
of the United States [196]
reptans, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 =? Australia
retepora, Alveopora (Ellis & Solander 1786) = ?
retepora, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 =? Mauritius [242.674]
reticularis, Astrea Lamarck 1816 =?
reticularis, Millepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 =?
reticulata, Acropora (Brook 1892) = A. cytherea [674.792]
reticulata, Anacropora Veron & Wallace 1984
reticulata, Antipathella (Esper 1797) = Antipathes reticulata
reticulata, Antipathes Esper 1797
reticulata, Antipathes van Pesch 1914 =?
reticulata, Aphanipathes (van Pesch 1914) =?
reticulata, Calyptopora Boschma 1968
reticulata, Errina Caims 1991
reticulata, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora cytherea [321.792]
reticulata, Millepora Linnaeus 1758 = ?
225
reticulata, Monripora Bernard 1897 =? Macclesfield Bank [28]
reticulata. Porites Lamarck 1816 =?
renculata, Rhipidipathes (Esper 1788) = Antipathes reticulata
reticulosa, Porites Dana 1848 = P. lichen [807]
reticulum. Errinopsis Broch 1951
reticulum, Porites Ortmann 1892 =? Tanzania [560]
retiformis, Astrea Lamarck 1816 = Goniastrea retiformis
retiformis, Goniastrea (Lamarck 1816)
retusa. Acropora (Dana 1848)
retusa, Alveopora Verrill 1864
- retusa, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora retusa
Reussastrea d' Achiardi 1875 = Pavona
Reussia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = \fadracis
Rhabdocyathus Brook 1893 = Acropora
rhipidion. Anupathes Pax 1916
Rhipidipathes Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Antipathes
Rhipidogyra Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Euphyllia [484]
Rhizangiidae Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 77
Rhizopsammia Verrill 1869 142
Rhizosmilia Caims 1978 127
Rhizotrochus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 134
Rhodaraea Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Goniopora
Rhodocyathus Bourne 1905 = Scolymia
Rhodopsammia Semper 1872 = Balanophyllia [737]
rhombocolumna, Trochocyathus Alcock 1902
Rhombopsammia Owens 1986 69
Ribbon Coral 64
richardi, Stichopathes Roule 1902 = S. filiformis
rigida, Antipathes Pourtalés 1880
rigida, Astraea Dana 1848 = Isophyllastrea rigida (690)
rigida, Hydnophora (Dana 1848)
rigida, Isophyllastrea (Dana 1848)
rigida, Isophyllia (Dana 1848) = Isophyllastrea rigida
rigida, Merulina Dana 1848 = Hydnophora rigida [839]
rigida, Montipora Verrill 1866
rigida, Mussa (Dana 1848) = /sophyllastrea rigida (690)
ringens, Explanaria Lamarck 1816 =?
ringens, Lobophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = L. corymbosa
[484]
ringens, Mussa (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849) = ?
robillardi, Antipathes Bell 1891
robokaki, Mycedium Moll & Best 1984
robusta, Acropora (Dana 1848)
robusta, Astraea Dana 1848 = Favites abdita [839]
robusta, Crypthelia Caims 1991
robusta, Dendrophyllia (Bourne 1905)
robusta, Favia (Dana 1848) = F. abdita
robusta, Halomitra (Quelch 1886) = Sandalolitha robusta
robusta, Lepidotheca Caims 1991
robusta, Lobophyllia Yabe & Sugiyama 1936
robusta, Lobopsammia Bourne 1905 = Dendrophyllia robusta
robusta, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora robusta
robusta, Oculina Pourtalés 1871
robusta, Parahalomitra (Quelch 1886) = Sandalolitha robusta
robusta. Pocillopora Verrill 1869 = P. elegans [691)/P. capitata
robusta, Pocillopora capitata var. Verrill 1869 = P. capitata
robusta, Podabacia Quelch 1886 = Sandalolitha robusta (354)
robusta. Prionastrea (Dana 1848) = Favites abdita
robusta, Rhizosmilia Cairns in Cairns & Keller 1993
robusta, Sandalolitha (Quelch 1886)
robusta, Stenohelia Boschma 1964
robusta, Stichopathes Gravier 1918 =?
robusta, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 =? Australia
robusta, ? Caims 1983 = Stylaster robustus
robustus, Stylaster (Caims 1983)
rodericana, Prionastrea Briggemann ? =? Mauritius [674]
roissyana, Leptastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= L. purpurea [744.844]
rolandi, Cladopsammia Lacaze-Duthiers 1897
rosacea, Allopora Greeff 1886 = Srlaster rosaceus
N
rosacea, Madrepora Esper 1791 =? Indonesia [87]. Philippines (621]
rosacea, Porites Lamarck 1816 = Montpora foliosa [506]
rosaceus. Snilaster (Greeff 1886)
rosalindae, Distichopora Cairns 1986
rosari, Acropora (Dana 1848) = 2.4. longicyathus [674]
rosaria, Acropora (Dana 1848)
rosaria, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora rosaria
Rose Coral
rosea. Allopora (Pallas 1766) = Snaster roseus [503]
rosea, Distichopora Kent 1871 = ?D. violacea [105]
rosea. Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Snlaster roseus [110]
rosea, Oculina (Pallas 1766) = Snlaster roseus [503]
roseus. Stylaster (Pallas 1766)
rossoamericanus, Stvlaster Brandt 1872 nomen nudum =?
rostrata, Amphihelia Pourtales 1878 = Enallopsammia rostrata [123]
rostrata, Anisopsammia (Pourtalés 1878) = Enallopsammia rostrata
(875]
rostrata, Enallopsammia (Pourtalés 1878)
rostrata, Stereopsammia (Pourtales 1878) = Enallopsammia rostrata
rosularia, Echinopora Lamarck 1816 = E. lamellosa [744.844]
rotaeformis, Deltocyathus Tenison-W 90ds 1878 = Dunocyathus
parasiticus
rotulosa. Astraea (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Favia rotulosa
rotulosa, Favia (Ellis & Solander 1786)
rotulosa, Heliastrea Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 =? Virgin
Islands of the United States [196]
rotulosa, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Favia rotulosa
rotulosa, Orbicella (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Favia rotulosa
rotulosa, Parastrea (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Favia rotulosa
rotulus. Deltocyathus (Alcock 1898)
rotulus, Trochocyathus Alcock 1898 = Deltocyathus ronulus [123]
rotumana, Acropora (Gardiner 1898) = A. danai [674]
rotumana, Astraea Gardiner 1899 = Favia rotumana [839]
rotumana, Favia (Gardiner 1899)
rotumana, Madrepora Gardiner 1898 = Acropora danai
rotumana, Orbicella Gardiner 1899 = Montastrea curta [843]
rotunda, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Australia [28]
rotundata, Favia (Veron. Pichon & Wijsman-Best 1977)
rotundata, Favites Veron. Pichon & Wijsman-Best 1977 = Favia
rotundata
rotundata, Heteropsammia Semper 1872 =? Persian Gulf [5]
rotundatus, Paracyathus Semper 1872
rotundifolia, Lophosmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Oxysmilia
rotundifolia!!
rotundifolia, Oxysmilia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
rotundoflora, Acanthastrea Chevalier 1975
Rough Starlet Coral 63
roussaeanus, Heterocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = H.
aequicostatus [356]
rousseaui, Echinopora Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = E.
gemmacea [744.844]
rousseaui, Heterocyathus (Milne Edwards & Haime 1851) = H.
aequicostatus [356]
rousseaui, Parastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Favia favus
[839]
rousseaui, Prionastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 =?
rousseaui, Psammoseris (Milne Edwards & Haime 1851) =
Heterocyathus aequicostatus [356]
rousseaui, Stephanoseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 =
Heterocyathus aequicostatus [356]
rousseauii, Acropora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860) = 4. valida [674]
rousseauii, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860
= Acropora valida
rowleyensis, Australomussa Veron 1985
rubeola, Angia (Quoy & Gaimard 1833) = Culicia rubeola
rubeola, Culicia (Quoy & Gaimard 1833)
rubeola. Dendrophyllia Quoy & Gaimard 1833 = Culicia rubeola [827]
rubeola, Tubipora Quoy & Gaimard 1833 =?
rubescens, Alatotrochus (Moseley 1876)
rubescens, Crispatotrochus (Moseley 1881)
88
26
rubescens, Cyathoceras Nloseley 1881 = Crispatotrochus nibescens
{118}
sagamiensis. Goniopora Eguchi 1968
sagamiensis. Rhizosmilia (Eguchi 1968)
rubescens. Plantrochus Moseley 1876 = Alatotrochus nubescens [123] salawartensis, Fungia actiniformis var. Déderlein 1902 = Heliofungia
rubescens. Sphenotrochus (Moseley 1876) = Alatorrochus nibescens
rubra, Alveopora Quoy & Gaimard 1833 =? Papua New Guinea [506]
rubra, Antipathes Forster Cooper 1904 = ?
rubra. Errina Broch 1942
rubra. Euphyilia (Quoy & Gaimard 1833) = Flabellum rubrum [784)/
Monomvyces nibrum
rubra, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 =?
rubra, Madrepora Studer 1878 =? Papua New Guinea [87]
rubra, Millepora Lamarck 1816 =?
nubra. Montipora (Quoy & Gaimard 1833) = Monomvces rubrum
rubra, Turbinolia Quoy & Gaimard 1833 = Monomyces rubrum [699]
rubrum. Flabellum (Quoy & Gaimard 1833) = Monomyces rubrum
rubrum. Monomyces (Quoy & Gaimard 1833)
rudis, Astraea Verrill 1866 = Favia speciosa [839]
nudis. Favia (Verrill 1866) = F. speciosa [839]
rudis, Goniastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Favites pentagona
[839]
rudis, Lobophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = L. corvmbosa
[484]
rudis, Madrepora Rehberg 1892 = ?Acropora hemprichii [806]
rueppellii, Fungia (Leuckart 1841) = Ctenactis echinata [784]
rueppellii, Herpetolithus Leuckart 1841 = Ctenactis echinata [354]
rufa, Favites Wijsman-Best 1972
rugosa, Agaricia Lamarck 1816 = Pachyseris rugosa
rugosa, Antipathella Thomson & Simpson 1905 = Antipathes rugosa
rugosa, Antipathes (Thomson & Simpson 1905)
rugosa, Caryophyllia Moseley 1881
rugosa. Coscinaraea Nemenzo 1980 =?
rugosa, Euphyllia Dana 1848 = E. glabrescens [359]
rugosa, Favia Chevalier 1972 = F. matthai (841)
rugosa, Fungia Quelch 1886 = F. scruposa [354]
rugosa, Leptosmilia (Dana 1848) = Euphyllia glabrescens [484]
actiniformis
salebrosa. Plesiastrea Nemenzo 1959 = Favia helianthoides [768]/P
versipora [843]
saliciformis, Tropidopathes Silberfeld 1909
salicoides, Antipathes Summers 1910
salix, Antipathes Pourtalées 1880
salix, Aphanipathes (Pourtalés 1880) = Antipathes salix
samarensis. Montipora Nemenzo 1967
samboangensis, Fungia Vaughan 1906 = F. repanda [354]
samoa. Goniopora Bemard 1903
samoensis. Acropora (Brook 1891)
samoensis, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora samoensis
samoensis, Psammocora Hoffmeister 1925 = P. nierstraszi [430]
sancta, Millepora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 =? Guadeloupe
[197]
sanctihilarii, Dendrogyra Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = D.
cylindrus [889]
sanctijohannis, Mycedium Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 =
24 garicia agaricites [786]
Sandalolitha Queich 1884 76
Sandpaper Coral 61
sanfelipensis, Astrangia Durham & Barnard 1952 = A. haimei [375a]
sanguineus, Stylaster Milne Edwards & Haime 1850
sarcinula, Solenastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = C}phastrea
serailia [744.844]
Sarcinula Lamarck 1816 = Galaxea
sarmentosa, Acropora (Brook 1892)
sarmentosa, Errina Boschma 1968 = Lepidopora sarmentosa
sarmentosa. Lepidopora (Boschma 1968)
sarmentosa, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora sarmentosa
sarothamnoides, Antipathes (Brook 1889)
sarothamnoides, Aphanipathes Brook 1889 = Antipathes
sarothamnoides
rugosa, Madrepora subglabra var. Brook 1893 = Acropora subglabra sarothrum, Antipathes Pax 1932
[792]
rugosa, Millepora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 =?
rugosa, Pachyseris (Lamarck 1816)
rugosa, Pocillopora Gardiner 1897 =? Tuvalu [261]
rugosa, Stylophora Gardiner 1898
rugosa, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
rugosus, Crispatotrochus Caims 1995
rugulosum, Flabellum Tenison-Woods ? =? New Zealand [693]
rumphii, Cirrhipathes van Pesch 1910
rus, Madrepora Forskal 1775 = Porites rus
rus, Montipora (Forskal 1775) = M. danae [674]/Porites rus
rus, Porites (Forskal 1775)
rusei, Desmophyllum Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 =
Thalamophyllia rusei
rusei. Thalamophyllia (Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860)
russelli, Acropora Wallace 1994
russelli, Favites (Wells 1954)
russelli, Plesiastrea Wells 1954 = Favites russelli [774]
rustica, Coeloria (Dana 1848) = Platygyra daedalea
rustica, Meandrina Dana 1848 = Platygyra daedalea [839]
rustica, Platygyra (Dana 1848) = P. lamellina/ P. daedalea [674.839]
ryukyuensis, Platygyra Yabe & Sugiyama 1936
Sabinotrochus Duncan 1873 = Stephanocyathus
sabiuraensis, Catalaphyllia (Eguchi 1973)
sabiuraensis, Euphyllia Eguchi 1973 = Catalaphyllia sabiuraensis
saccharata, Porites Briiggemann 1878
saccharatum, Lithodendrum von Martens 1902
= Distichopora coccinea [105]
saccula, Cirrhipathes van Pesch 1914
saccula, Stichopathes van Pesch 1914 = Cirrhipathes saccula
sagamiensis, Coenocyathus Eguchi 1968 = Rhizosmilia sagamiensis
[126a]
sarsi, Deltocyathus (Gardiner & Waugh 1938)
sarsi, Fungiacyathus Gardiner & Waugh 1938 = Deltocvathus sarsi
sarsiae. Caryophyllia Zibrowius 1974 = C. diomedeae [123a]
Savagliopsis Schultze 1896 = Antipathes
Savigniensis, Psammocora Gardiner 1898 = Coscinastrea columna
[359]
Savignyana, Siderastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850
savignii, Goniopora Dana 1848
savignyi. Alcyonella Audouin 1809 = Alveopora daedalea [506]
savignyi, Cynarina Briiggemann 1877 = C. lacrymalis [151.815]
savignyi, Cyphastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = C.
microphthalma [744.844]
savignyi, Parastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Favia favus
[839]
saxea, Montipora Bernard 1897
scabiosa. Allopora (Broch 1935) = Stylaster scabiosus
scabiosus. Stylaster Broch 1935
scobra, Astreopora Lamberts 1982
scabra, Balanophyllia Alcock 1893
scabra, Fungia Déderlein 1901
scabra, Leptoseris Vaughan 1907
scabra, Porites Lamarck 1816 = Stylophora digitata [503)/S. pistillata
scabra. Prionastrea Briggemann ? =? Mauritius [674]
scabricula, Clavarina (Dana 1848) = Merulina scabricula
scabricula, Manopora Dana 1848 = Montipora scabricula
scabricula, Merulina Dana 1848
scabricula, Montipora (Dana 1848)
scabriculoides, Montipora Ortmann 1888 = ? Samoa [557]
scabrosa, Balanophyllia (Dana 1848)
scabrosa, Dendrophyllia Dana 1848 = Balanophyllia scabrosa [784]
scabrosa, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 =?
scabrosa, Madrepora Quelch 1886 =? Fiji [621]. New Caledonia
[262]
scandens. Acropora (Klunzinger 1879)
scandens, Madrepora K\unzinger 1879 = Acropora pharaonis
scaphula, Placotrochides Alcock 1902
Scapophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 97
schauinslandi, Porites Studer 1901 =? United States: Hawaiian Is
[711.751]
scheeri. Balanophnyillia Durham 1962 = Rhizopsammia verrilli [118]
scheeri, Merulina Head 1983
scherzeriana. Acropora (Bruggemann 1878) = 4. humilis [674]
scherzeriana. Madrepora Briggemann 1878 = Acropora humilis (806)
schistica, Turbinaria Gardiner 1898
Schizoculina Wells 1937 82
Schizocyathus Pourtalés 1874 136
Schizopathes Brook 1889 35
Schizopsammia Cairns 1994 = Dichopsammia [123]
schmitti, Acropora Wells 1950
schneideri, Favia Studer 1881 =? Singapore [710]
schrammi, Millepora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = Af. alcicornis
[889]
schrammii, Axohelia Pourtalés 1874 =? Guadeloupe [612]
scillaemorpha. Caryophyllia Alcock 1894
Sclerhelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 82
Sclerohelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Sclerhelia
Sclerophyllia Kiunzinger 1879 = Cynarina
scobinosa, Caryophyllia Alcock 1902
Scolymia Haime 1852 90
scoparia, Antipathes Lamarck 1815 = A. dichotoma
scoparia, Bathypathes Totton 1923
scriptus, Holcotrochus Dennant 1902
Scroll Coral 64
scruposa, Fungia Klunzinger 1879
sculpta, Amphihelia Seguenza 1864 =? Cuba [613]
scutaria, Fungia Lamarck 1801
scutaria, Pleuractis (Lamarck 1801) = Fungia scutaria
scutata, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Australia [28]
sealarki, Antipathes Forster Cooper 1909
sebacana, Manicina Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = M. areolata
[889]
sebae, Acrhelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = A. horrescens [757]
seriata. Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Seriatopora lineata (807)
seriata, Pavonia Briiggemann 1879 = P. decussata [674]
Seriatopora Lamarck 1816 40
Seriatoporitidae Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Pocilloporidae
seriatus. Pliobothrus Broch 1942 = Phalangopora regularis [105]
sericea, Goniastraea Ortmann 1888 = Gardineroseris planulata [827
serpens, Distichopora Broch 1942
serpentina, Dendrophyllia Vaughan 1907 = Eguchipsammia
serpentina
serpuliforme, Desmophyllum Gravier 1915 = D. cristagalli [881]
serrata, Balanophyllia Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
serrata, Goniastraea Ortmann 1889 = Favia pallida [839]
serrata, Meandrina Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Maeandra
cerebrum [786]/Diploria strigosa
serrulata, Fungia Verrill 1864 = F. concinna [354]
setacea, Antipathes Gray 1860 = Stichopathes gracilis
setacea, Stichopathes (Gray 1860) = S. gracilis
setacea vat. occidentalis, Cirrhipathes Gray ?
= [Stichopathes gracilis}!
setchelli, Pocillopora Hoftmeister 1929
setchelli, Pocillopora damicornis forma Hoffmeister 1929 = P. setchelli
setoensis, Podabacia elegans forma Yabe & Sugivama 1936 =
Lithophyllon undulatum
setosa. Montipora Nemenzo 1976
sewelli, Caryophyllia Gardiner & Waugh 1938
sexcostatum, Flabellum Cairns 1989
sexradiis, Odontocyathus Alcock 1902 = Stephanocyathus spiniger
[126a]
seychellensis, Fungia Hoeksema 1993
seychellensis, Goniastrea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850)
=G. australensis [674]
seychellensis, Prionastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 =
Goniastrea australensis/Favites abdita [839]
seychellensis, Stichopathes Forster Cooper 1909
Shade Coral
Sheet Coral
shibayamai., Antipathes Shibayuma ? = ?
sibogae, Antipathes van Pesch 1914
sibogae, Aphanipathes (van Pesch 1914) = Antipathes sibogae
63
64
sebae, Pectinia Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 = Meandrina meandritessibogae, Bathyactis Alcock 1902 = Fungiacyathus sibogae [116]
[889]
secale, Acropora (Studer 1878)
secale, Madrepora Studer 1878 = Acropora secale [637c]}
secaloides, Acropora Verrill 1902 =? Singapore [788]
secta, Caryophyllia Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
secunda, Acropora (Dana 1848) = 4. nobilis
secunda, Herpetoglossa Nemenzo 1988 = Ctenactis crassa
secunda, Herpolitha Nemenzo ? = Fungia simplex [768]
secunda, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora nobilis [604.784]
securis, Acropora (Dana 1848) = 4. cuneata
Securis, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora cuneata [806]
seguenzae, Caryophyllia Duncan 1873
sekiseiensis, Acropora Veron 1990
selago, Acropora (Studer 1878)
selago, Madrepora Studer 1878 = Acropora selago
semiglabra, Cirripathes van Pesch 1914 = Stichopathes semiglabra
semiglabra, Stichopathes (van Pesch 1914)
semilunaris, Porites Nemenzo ? = P. vaughani [768]
semperi, Trochocyathus Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
senaria, Madracis Wells 1974
senegalensis, Polycyathus Chevalier 1966
senegalensis, Siderastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = S. radians
[142.889]
septata, Pocillopora Gardiner 1897 =? Tuvalu [261]
septata, Stylophora Gardiner 1898 = S. pistillata [277.661.674]
septima, Porites queenslandi Benard 1905 =? American Samoa [430]
serailia, Cyphastrea (Forskal 1775)
serailia, Madrepora Forskal 1775 = Cyphastrea serailia [744.844]
seriata, Acropora (Ehrenberg 1834) = A. humilis [674]
seriata, Heteropora Ehrenberg 1834 = Acropora humilis
sibogae, Dendrophyllia van der Horst 1922 = Tubastraea diaphana
[126a]
sibogae, Flabellum Gardiner 1904
sibogae, Fungia van der Horst 1921 = Fungia costulata [354]
sibogae, Fungiacyathus (Alcock 1902)
sibogae, Stephanotrochus Alcock 1902 = Stephanocyathus weberianus
[123]
Sibopathes van Pesch 1914
Siderastrea Blainville 1830
Siderastreidae Vaughan & Wells 1943
siderea, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Siderastrea siderea [690]
siderea, Pavonia (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Siderastrea siderea [784]
siderea, Siderastrea (Ellis & Solander 1786)
sieboldii. Cirrhipathes Blainville 1834 =2C. anguina
sigmoides, Cryptabacia (Ehrenberg 1834) = Polyphyllia talpina
sigmoides, Polyphyllia Ehrenberg 1834 = P. talpina [354]
silene, Eusmilia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = E. fastigiata [889]
sillimaniani, Porites Nemenzo 1976
similis, Cycloseris Nemenzo 1976 = Fungia fralinae [354.768]
Simplastrea Umbgrove 1939 82
simplex, Acanthastrea (Crossland 1952)
simplex, Antipathes (Schultze 1896)
simplex, Brachytrochus Duncan 1876 = Heterocyathus alternatus
[801]
simplex, Caryophyllia Duncan 1878 = Stenocyathus vermiformis [881]
simplex, Caulastrea Crossland 1952 = Acanthastrea simplex
simplex, Colangia Pourtalés 1878 = Gardineria simplex
simplex, Desmophyllum Verrill 1870 =? Virgin Islands of the United
States [783]
simplex, Fungia (Gardiner 1905) = Ctenactis crassa [354]
35
62
228
simplex. Gardineria (Pourtalés 1878)
simplex, Gemmutlatrochus Duncan 1878 = Hoplangia duromrix [881]
simplex. Herpetoglossa (Gardiner 1905) = Crenacus crassa
simplex, Herpolitha Gardiner 1905 = Crenactis crassa [334]
simplex. Parantipathes Schultze 1896 = Anupathes simplex
simplex. Plerogvra Rehberg 1892
simplex, Symphyllia Crossland 1948
simplicitexta. Goniastrea Umbgrove 1939 = Parasimplastrea
simplicitexta
simplicitexta, Parasimplastrea (Umbgrove 1939)
simpson. Pteropathes Summers 1910 =?
sinaitica, Swlophora Briggemann 1878 = S. pistillata (277.661)
smithii. Cvathina (Stokes & Broderip 1828) = Carvophyilia smithit
[784]
Smooth Shoe Coral
Smooth Starlet Coral
socialis. Balanopivilia (Semper 1872) = B. stimpsonit
socialis, Montipora Bernard 1897 = \/_ foveolata [674]
socialis. Rhodopsammia Semper 1872 = Balanophyllia stimpsonti
[126a]
socialis, Thecopsammia Pourtalés 1868
solanderi, ? Ellis & Solander 1786 = Montipora solandert
solanderi, Montipora (Ellis & Solander 1786)
solanderi, Montipora Bernard 1897 = 2M. stellata [674]
141
63
sinensis, Astroria Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Plangyra sinensis solanderi, Porites Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 =? Virgin Islands
[839]
sinensis, Cirrhipathes Zou & Zhou 1984
sinensis. Coeloria (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849)
= Plan gyra sinensis
sinensis, Cycloseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 = Fungia sinensis
(354)
sinensis. Favia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849)
= Platygyra sinensis [674]
sinensis. Fungia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1851)
sinensis. Lobophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 =
Platygyra sinensis
sinensis, Madrepora Brook 1893 =? China. New Caledonia [262].
Taiwan [87]
sinensis, Madrepora spicifera var. Brook 1893 =?
sinensis, Montipora Bernard 1897 = M. tuberculosa [674]
sinensis, Platygyra (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849)
sinensis. Turbinaria Verrill 1866
of the United States [196]
Solenastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
Solenosmilia Duncan 1873
solida, Allopora (Broch 1935) = Snlaster solidus
solida, Anacropora Quelch 1886 =? Fiji [621]
solida, Baryastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Leptastrea bottae
[744.844]
solida, Caryophyllia Cairns 1991
solida, Dipsastraea Blainville 1830 = Goniastrea edwardsi
solida, Domoseris Quelch 1886 = Leptoseris solida
solida, Goniastrea (Forskal 1775) = Porites solida
solida, Goniastrea (Blainville 1830) = G. edwardsi
solida, Leptastrea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850) = L. bortae [674]
solida, Leptoseris (Quelch 1886)
solida, Madrepora Forskal 1775 = Porites solida
solida, Montipora Bernard 1897 = ?
solida, Mussa Tenison-W oods 1879 = ? Australia [720]
109
127
singapurensis, Fungia actiniformis var. Déderlein 1902 = Heliofungiasolida, Pocillopora Quelch 1886
actiniformis
singularis, Acropora Nemenzo 1967 = A. millepora [768]
singularis, Madracis Rehberg 1892 =? Fiji [631]
solida. Porites (Forskal 1775)
solida, Porites Verrill 1868 = P. astreoides [420]
solida, Synaraea Verrill 1864 =? French Polynesia [776]
sinica, Protolobophyllia Ma 1959 nomen nudum = Cynarina lacrymalissolidior, Astrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Montastrea curta
sinuata, Antillia Gardiner 1899 = Trachyphyllia geoffroyi [168]
sinuosa, Astraea Dana 1848 = Goniastrea pectinata [839]
sinuosa. Calyptopora Caims 1991
sinuosa, Caryophyllia Lamarck 1816 = Lobophyllia costata [484)/L.
hemprichii
sinuosa, Cycloseris Nemenzo 1983
= Fungia concinna (354)/F. fungites [768]
sinuosa, Errina Caims 1991
sinuosa, Euphyllia Dana 1848 = Plerogyra sinuosa [784]
sinuosa, Goniastrea (Dana 1848) = G. pectinata
sinuosa. Isophyllia (Ellis & Solander 1786)
sinuosa, Lobophyllia (Lamarck 1816) =?
sinuosa, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = /sophyllia sinuosa [690]
sinuosa, Meandrina LeSueur 1820 = Maeandra cerebrum
[786]/Diploria strigosa
sinuosa, Meandrina Quoy & Gaimard 1833 (unidentifiable) =
Symphyllia recta
sinuosa, Montipora Pillai & Scheer 1976
sinuosa. Mussa (Forskal 1775) = Lobophyllia hemprichii
sinuosa, Plerogyra (Dana 1848)
sinuosa, Prionastrea (Dana 1848) = Goniastrea pectinata
sinuosa, Symphyllia (Quoy & Gaimard 1833) = S. recta
sinuosissima, Meandrina Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Maeandra
cerebrum [786)/Diploria strigosa
Slender Lettuce Coral
Slipper Coral
sluiteri, Doederleinia van der Horst 1921 = Sandalolitha dentata [354]
Small-eyed Star Coral 36
Small Knob Coral 108
Small Star Coral 99
smithi, Acropora (Brook 1893) = A. robusta [674]
smithi, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora robusta
smithii, Angia Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Culicia smithii
smithii, Caryophyllia Stokes & Broderip 1828
smithii, Culicia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850)
[843]
solidior, Echinopora sensu Gardiner 1904 = E. hirsutissima [744.844]
solidior, Echinopora Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = E. gemmacea
[744.844]
solidior, Orbicella (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850) = Montastrea curta
solidocolumella, Leptastrea Latypov 1987
solidus, Leptopenus Keller 1977
solidus, Stylaster Broch 1935
solitaria, Astrangia (LeSueur 1817)
solitaria, Carvophyllia LeSueur 1817 = Astrangia solitaria [784]
Solitary Disk Coral 90
solitaryensis, Acropora Veron & Wallace 1984
Soljania Pax 1955 = Hoplangia
solorensis, Cirrhipathes van Pesch 1914
solorensis, Stichopathes (van Pesch 1914) = Cirrhipathes solorensis
somaliensis, Goniopora Vaughan 1907
somaliensis, Physogyra Vaughan 1907
somaliensis, Porites Gravier 1910
somervillei, Aphanipathes Forster Cooper 1909
somervillei, Cycloseris (Gardiner 1909) = Fungia somervillei [354]
somervillei, Fungia Gardiner 1909
songae, Schizopsammia Cairns 1994 = Dichopsammia granulosa
[123]
sordiensis, Acropora Riegl 1995
spathulata, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora millepora [792]
spathulata, Madrepora (Porites) digitata var. Ehrenberg 1834 =
Snlophora palmata [503)/S. pistillata
spatiosa, Maeandra Ehrenberg 1834 = Dendrogyra cylindrus [889]
spatula, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Australia [28]
spatula, Stylaster Cairns 1986
speciosa, Agaricia Dana 1848 = Pachyseris speciosa
speciosa, Antipathella Brook 1889 = Antipathes speciosa
speciosa, Antipathes (Brook 1889)
speciosa, Astraea Dana 1848 = Favia speciosa [839]
speciosa, Favia (Dana 1848)
229
speciosa. Madrepora Hom 1861 =?
speciosa, Madrepora Quelch 1886 = Acropora granulosa [792]
speciosa, Merulina Dana 1848 = \/. ampliata [674.772]
speciosa, Oculina Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 =? Bermuda [621]
speciosa. Pachyserts (Dana 1848)
speciosa, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
speciosa. Undaria (Dana 1848) = Pachyseris speciosa
spectabilis. Acropora (Brook 1892) = 4. humilis [674]
spectabilis. Goniastrea (Verrill 1872) = G. aspera [774]
spectabilis, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora humilis
spectabilis, Prionastrea Verrill 1872 = [Goniastrea spectabilis
[839]]/Goniastrea aspera [774]
sphaeroidalis, Siderastraea Ortmann 1889 = Pavona clavus [371]
sphaerostoma, Madrepora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 =
Astraeopora mvriophthalma
spheniscus, Euphyllia Dana 1848 = Flabellum spheniscus (784)/
Truncatoflabellum spheniscus [116.123]
spheniscus, Flabellum (Dana 1848)
= Truncatoflabellum spheniscus [116]
spheniscus. Truncatoflabellum (Dana 1848)
Sphenophyllia Moseley 1881 = Meandrina
Sphenotrochus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
spicata, Montipora Bernard 1897 = ?
spicifera. Acropora (Dana 1848)
spicifera, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora spicifera
spiessi, Stichopathes Opresko & Genin 1990
Spine Corals
spinescens, Antipathes Gray 1857
spinicarens, Acanthocyathus Moseley 1881 = Caryophyllia
spinicarens [126a]
spinicarens, Caryophyllia (Moseley 1881)
spinifer, Fungia Claereboudt & Hoeksema 1987
spiniger, Acanthocyathus Kent 1871 = Caryophyllia spinigera [123]
spiniger, Odontocyathus (Marenzeller 1888) = Stephanocyathus
spiniger [123]
spiniger. Stephanocyathus (Marenzeller 1888)
spiniger, Stephanotrochus Marenzeller 1888 = Stephanocyathus
spiniger
spinigera, Caryophyllia (Kent 1871)
spinosa. Acanthastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = A. echinata
(151)
spinosa, Anacropora Rehberg 1892
spinosa, Antipathes (Carter 1880)
spinosa. Favites (Klunzinger 1879) =? Djibouti [298]
spinosa, Inferiolabiata Caims 1991
spinosa, Oulophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = /sophyllia
sinuosa [889]
spinosa, Phyllopora Tenison-Woods 1879 = ? Fiji [719]
spinosa, Pliobothrus (Hickson & England 1905)
127
91
spongia, Astraea Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Goniastrea
retiformis [839]
spongiformis. Plesiastraea Duncan 1864 = Stephanocoenia intersepta
[889]
spongiformis, Solenastraea Duncan 1889 = Stephanocoenia intersepta
spongilla, Montipora Bernard 1900 =? Christmas Island [29]
Spongiocyathus Folkeson 1919 = Heterocvathus [356]
spongiosa, Alveopora Dana 1848
spongiosa. Errina Broch 1942 = E. antarctica [105]
spongiosa, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Montipora foveolata
[157]
spongiosa, Madrepora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Montipora
spongiosa!
spongiosa, Madrepora scherzeriana var. Brook 1893 = Acropora
humilis
spongiosa, Meandrina Dana 1848 = Goniastrea varia
spongiosa, Montipora (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834)
spongodes, Montipora Bernard 1897
Sporadopora Moseley 1879
spumosa, Montipora (Lamarck 1816)
spumosa, Porites Lamarck 1816 = Montipora spumosa
squamosa. Acropora (Brook 1892) = 4. millepora [792]
squamosa, Antipathes W. Koch 1886
squamosa, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora squamosa/A. millepora
squarrosa. Acropora (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834)
squarrosa, Heteropora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834
= Acropora squarrosa
squarrosa, Millepora Lamarck 1816
squarrosa, Pocillopora Dana 1848
squiresi. Carvophyllia Caims 1982
Squiresi, Crispatotrochus (Caims 1979)
squiresi, Cyathoceras Caims 1979 = Crispatotrochus squiresi [118]
squiresi, Raombopsammia Owens 1986
squiresi, Sphenotrochus Caims 1995
stabile, Flabellum Marenzeller 1904 = Truncatoflabellum stabile
stabile, Truncatoflabellum (Marenzeller 1904)
stabilis, Bathyacris Gardiner & Waugh 1939 = Fungiacyathus
sibogae [126a]
stabilis, Fungiacvathus (Gardiner & Waugh 1939) = Fungiacyathus
sibogae [125]
Staghom Coral 41.43
stalagmites, Montipora Ortmann 1888 = ? French Polynesia [557]
Star Coral 54
Starburst Coral 80
Starry Cup Coral 85
stearnsii, Paracyathus Verrill 1869
stechowi. Antipathes (Pax 1932)
stechowi, Aphanipathes Pax 1932 = Antipathes stechowi
Steganopora Hickson & England 1905 = Pliobothrus
spinosa, Prionastraea Klunzinger 1879 = Acanthastrea echinata [168] stejnegeri, Allopora Fisher 1938 = Snlaster stejnegeri
spinosa, Seriatopora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860
stejnegeri, Stylaster (Fisher 1938)
spinosa, Steganopora Hickson & England 1905 = Pliobothrus spinosastella, Deltocyathus Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
spinosa, Stichopathes Silberfeld 1909 =? Japan [680]
spinosocostatus, Trochocyathus Zibrowius 1980
spinosum, Flabellum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =
Truncatoflabellum stokesii [5]
spinosum, Hydradendrium Carter 1880 = Antipathes spinosa
spinulifera, Madrepora Whitelegge 1898 =? Tuvalu [835]
spinulosa, Aphanipathes Schultze 1896 = ?
spinulosa, Diploria Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 =?
spinulosa, Echinopora Briggemann ? =? Mauritius [242.674]
spinulosa, Euphyllia Dana 1848 = Desmophyllum spinulosum [784)/
Meandrina spinulosa
spinulosa, Madrepora Klunzinger 1879 =?
spinulosa, Meandrina (Dana 1848)
spiralis, Antipathes (Linnaeus 1758) = Cirrhipathes spiralis
spiralis, Cirrhipathes (Linnaeus 1758)
spiralis, Stichopathes gracilis var. Thomson & Simpson 1905 = S.
gracilis
splendida, Acropora Nemenzo 1967 = A. valenciennesii [768]
2
stella, Odontocyathus Alcock 1902 = Stephanocyathus spiniger [126a]
stellae, Astreopora Nemenzo 1964 = A. gracilis [768\/A.
myriophthalma [429]
Stellangia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = Astrangia
Stellapora Cairns 1983 153
stellaria, Cladocora Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = C. cespitosa
[32b]
stellaria, Desmophyllum Ehrenberg 1834 = ?
stellaris, Dichocoenia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
stellaris, Haliglossa Ehrenberg 1834 = Herpolitha limax [354]
stellaris, Herpetolithus (Ehrenberg 1834) = Herpolitha limax
stellaris, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = ?
stellata, Culicia Dana 1848
stellata, Montipora Bernard 1897
stellata, Pocillopora Verrill 1864 =? Tanzania [776]
stellata, Psammocora (Verrill 1866)
stellata, Seriatopora Quelch 1886
stellata, Siderastraea Verrill 1868
30
stellata, Stephanaria (Verrill 1866) = Psammocora stellata
stellata, Stephanocora V errill 1866 = Psammocora stellata
stellata, Stlophora Verrill 1864
stellifera. Meandrina Michelin 1842 =?
stelligera, Astraea Dana 1848 = Favia stelligera [839]
stelligera. Favia (Dana 1848)
stelligera, Orbicella (Dana 1848) = Favia stelligera
stelligera. Plesiastrea (Dana 1848) = Favia stelligera
stellulata, Acropora Verrill 1902 =? Tanzania [788]
stellulata, Allopora (Stewart 1878) = Sniaster stellulatus
stellulata, Astrea (Ellis & Solander 1786) = ?
stellulata, Astrea Lamarck 1816 = Turbinaria stellulata
stellulata. Astrreopora (Lamarck 1816) = Turbinaria stellulata [784]
stellulata, Leptastrea Verrill 1867 = L. purpurea [744.844]
stellulata, Madrepora Ellis and Solander 1786 =?
stellulata. Turbinaria (Lamarck 1816)
stellulatus. Bourneotrochus (Caims 1984)
stellulatus, Deltocyathus Cairns 1984 = Bourneotrochus stellulatus
[126a]
stellulatus. Srlaster Stewart 1878
Stenocyathus Pourtalés 1871
Stenohelia Kent 1870
stenopoma. Cryptohelia (Hickson & England 1905)
stenopoma, Cryptohelia Hickson & England 1905 = Crypthelia
stenopoma
Stephanaria Verrill 1867 = Psammocora
Stephanocoenia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 38
Stephanocora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Echinopora
Stephanocora Verrill 1866 = Psammocora
Stephanocyathus Seguenza 1864 128
Stephanophyllia Michelin 1841 69
Stephanopsammia Y abe & Eguchi 1932 = Stephanophyllia
Stephanoseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 = Heterocyathus [356]
Stephanotrochus Moseley 1881 = Stephanocyathus
stephanus, Bathyactis Alcock 1893 = Fungiacyathus stephanus [123]
stephanus. Fungiacyathus (Alcock 1893)
136
153
stokesii, Diploria Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = D.
labvrinthiformis [889]
stokesii, Flabellum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= Truncatoflabellum stokesti {1 16]
stokesii, Paracyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
stokesti. Truncatoflabellum (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
straeleni, Seriatopora Thiel 1932 = S. /ystrix
stratiformis, Montipora Bernard 1897 = ? New Guinea [28]
striata. Acropora (Verrill 1866)
striata, Balanophyllia Duncan 1876 =? Saint Helena [205]
striata, Cirrhipathes spiralis var. van Pesch 1910 = C. spiralis
striata, Cyathina Philippi 1842 = Paracvathus pulchellus [32b]
striata, Leptosmilia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Euphyllia
glabrescens [484]
striata, Madrepora Verrill 1866 = Acropora striata [637c]
striata, Millepora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864
striata, Montipora Bernard 1897
striatula, Echinopora Studer 1878 = E. lamellosa
striatum, Desmophyllum Caims 1979
striatus, Leptoseris Kent 1871 = L. hawaiiensis [185]
striatus, Paracyathus (Philippi 1842) = P. pulchellus [190]
stricta, Acropora pulchra var. (Brook 1893) = 4. pulchra [792]
stricta, Astroria Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Plangyra sinensis
[839]
stricta, Madrepora pulchra var. Brook 1893 = Acropora pulchra [792]
stricta, Seriatopora Briiggemann 1877
strictus, Herpetolithus Dana 1848 = Herpolitha limax [354]
strigilis, Manicina Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = M. areolata
[786.889]
strigosa, Antipathella Brook 1889 = Antipathes strigosa
strigosa. Antipathes (Brook 1889)
strigosa, Diploria (Dana 1848)
strigosa, Maeandra (Dana 1848) = Diploria strigosa [690]
strigosa, Meandrina Dana 1848 = Diploria strigosa (690)
strigosa, Montipora Nemenzo 1967 = M. stellata [768]
strigosa, Parantipathes (Brook 1889)
stephensoni. Oryzotrochus Wells 1959 = Turbinolia stephensoni [123b) strigosa, Symphyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = /sophyllia
stephensoni, Porites Crossland 1952
stephensoni, Turbinaria Crossland 1952 = T. stellulata [674]
stephensoni. Turbinolia (Wells 1959)
Stichopathes Brook 1889
stigmataria, Acropora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860)
stigmataria, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = Acropora
stigmataria
stigmataria, Pocillopora Lamarck 1816 =?
35
sinuosa [889]
Striped Shoe Coral
studeri. Acropora (Brook 1893)
studert, Crypthelia Caims 1991
studeri, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora studeri
studeri, Merulina Bedot 1907 = M. ampliata [484}
studeri, Montipora Vaughan 1907
studeri, Mussa Marenzeller 1901 =? Tanzania [470]
120
stilosa, Madrepora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Montipora stilosa studeri, Porites Vaughan 1907
stilosa, Montipora (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834)
stimpsoniana, Eupsammia Verrill 1866 = Balanophyllia stimpsonii
[126a]
stimpsonii, Balanophyllia (Verrill 1866)
stimpsonii. Deltocyatkoides (Pourtaiés 1871)
stimpsonii, Eupsammia Verrill 1865 = Balanophyllia stimpsonii [125]
stimpsonii, Leptocyathus Pourtalés 1871
= Peponocyathus australiensis [116]/Deltocyathoides stimpsonii
stimpsonii, Peponocyathus (Pourtalés 1871)
= P. australiensis [116]/Deltocyathoides stimpsonii
stoddarti, Acropora Pillai & Scheer 1976
stokesi, Goniopora Milne Edwards & Haime 1851
stokesi, Trochoseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 =? Philippines
[505]
stokesiana, Balanophyllia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) =
Leptopsammia stokesiana (126a]
stokesiana, Leptopsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
stokesiana, Oulangia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
stokesiana, Oulophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = O. crispa
[484]
stokesii, Desmophyllum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =? United
Kingdom [495]
stokesii, Dichocoenia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
stuhimanni, Ulophyllia Rehberg 1892 = Oulophyllia crispa [484]
stutchburyi. Goniopora Wells 1955
Stylantheca Fisher 1931 1
Stylaraea Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 39
Snylaster Gray 1831 154
Stylasteridae Gray 1847 147
stylifera, Errinopora (Broch 1935)
stylifera, Favites Yabe & Sugiyama 1937
stylifera, Fungia fungites var. Déderlein 1902 = F. fungites
stylifera, Protoerrina Broch 1935 = Errinopora stylifera
Stylocoeniella Yabe & Sugiyama 1935
Stylophora Schweigger 1819
Stylophoridae Verrill 1867 = Pocilloporidae
stylophoroides, Pocillopora cespitosa var. Vaughan 1907 = ?
subacuta, Pocillopora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 =? New
Caledonia [560], Seychelles [508]. Tanzania [560]
subaquila, Madrepora Hom 1861] = Acropora palmata
subcornigera, Dendrophyllia Eguchi 1968 = Dendrophyllia arbuscula
[126a]
subcostata, Lophelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1850
= L. pertusa [881]
subdentata, Coeloria Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Plangyra
lamellina [839]
53
37
38
subdentata. Plan:gvra (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849)
=P. lamellina [674.839]
subdigitata, Porites Lamarck 1816 = Snlophora pistillata [503]
subdigitata. Sideropora (Lamarck 1816) = Snlophora pistillata [784]
subglabra. Acropora (Brook 1891)
subglabra, Echinophyllia Nemenzo 1979
subglabra, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora subglabra
subglabra, Montipora bernardi var. Vaughan 1907 = M. bernardi
subpinnata. Antipathella (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Antipathes
subpinnata
subpinnata, Antipathes Ellis & Solander 1786
subpinnata. Antipathes Gray 1857 = A. wollastoni
subrepanda. Fungia Déderlein 1901 = F. scruposa [354]
subseriata, Madrepora Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 = Snlophora
pistillata
subseriata, Snlophora (Ehrenberg 1834) = S. pistillata [674]
substellata, Polyphyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1851
= P. novaehiberniae [354]
subtilis, Madrepora K\unzinger 1879 =? Solomon Islands [87]
subtilis, Montipora Bernard 1897 = 2M. millepora [674]
subtilis, Neoporites Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 = Porites
astreoides
subtilis, Symphyllia Rehberg 1892 =? Fiji [631]
subulata, Acropora (Dana 1848)
subulata, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora subulata
subulata, Seriatopora Lamarck 1816 = S. lineata [807]
subversa, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 =? Australia
subviolacea, Allopora Kent 1871 = Snylaster subviolaceus
subviolaceus, Snlaster (Kent 1871)
subviridis. Astva (Moseley 1879)
subviridis. Astvlus Moseley 1879 = Astva subviridis
suffruticosa, Pocillopora Verrill 1864 =? French Polynesia [776].
Tonga [621]. Tuvalu [261]
suggesta, Astreopora Wells 1954
sugiyamai., Echinophyllia aspera Yabe & Eguchi 1935 = Echinophyllia
fosaensis
sugivamai. Oxyphyllia aspera var. (Yabe & Eguchi 1935) =
Echinophyllia tosaensis [354b]
suharsonoi, Acropora Wallace 1994
sulcata, Distichopora Pourtalés 1867
sulcata, Favia ehrenbergi var. Klunzinger 1879 = F. ehrenbergi
sulcata, Montipora Crossland 1952
sulcata. Stephanoseris Verrill 1866 = Heterocyathus sulcatus [356]
sulcatus. Heterocyathus (Verrill 1866)
surcularis. Dendrophvilia Verrill 1869 = Tubastraea coccinea [827]
surculosa. Acropora (Dana 1848) = 4. hyacinthus [674]
surculosa, Madrepora Dana 1848 = ?Acropora hyacinthus [775}
surculosa. Madrepora sensu Studer 1881 = Acropora studert
susanae. Galaxea Nemenzo & Ferraris 1982 = G. astreata [768]
suteri, Kionotrochus Dennant 1906
suvadivae, Cyphastrea Gardiner 1904 = C. serailia [674.844]
suvadivae, Montipora Pillai & Scheer 1976
suvadivae, Prionastraea Gardiner 1904 =? Maldives [268]
sverdrupi, Porites Durham 1947 = P. californica [375a}
symmetrica, Acropora (Brook 1891) = 24. cvtherea [674]
svmmetrica, Bathyactis (Pourtales 1871) = Fungiacvathus symmeiricus
symmetrica, Fungia Pourtalés 1871 = Fungiacvathus symmetricus
symmetrica, Lepidopora Caims 1991
symmetrica, Madrepora Brook 1891 = Acropora cytherea
symmertrica, Pocillopora Thiel 1932
symmetricus, Fungiacyathus (Pourtales 1871)
svmmetricus, Pliobothrus Pourtales 1868
Symphyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 90
symphylloides. Pectinia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849)
symphylloides, Tridacophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 =
Pectinia symphylloides
Sympodangia Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
Synaraea Verrill 1864 = Porites
svringodes. Acropora (Brook 1892) = A. nana [430]
syringodes, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora syringodes/A. nana
Systemopora Caims 1991 156
128
Table Coral 41
tabulata, Astreopora Gardiner 1898 = A. myriophthalma [429]
tabulata, Astreopora Wells 1954 = A. suggesta [429]
tagusensis, Tubastraea Wells 1982
taisnei, Plerogyra Chevalier 1972 = P. simplex
taiwanensis, Fungia Hoeksema & Dai 1991
taiwanica, Montigyra Ma & Kawaguti 1959 = ?
talpa, Fungia Lamarck 1816 = ?
talpina. Cryptabacia (Lamarck 1801) = Polyphyllia talpina
talpina, Fungia Lamarck 1801 = Polyphyllia talpina [354]
talpina, Polyphyllia (Lamarck 1801)
tanabensis, Cyphastrea chalcidicum Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 = C.
tanabensis
tanabensis. Cyphastrea Yabe & Sugiyama 1936
tanabensis, Tridacophyllia lactuca Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 = Pectinia
lactuca
sulfurea, Prionastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Favites abdita tanacetum, Antipathes Pourtalés 1880
suluense, Flabellum Alcock 1902 = ?F. magnificum [116]
suluensis, Deltocyathus Alcock 1902
suluensis, Deltocyathus magnificus var. Alcock 1902 = Deltocyathus
suluensis [126a]
suluensis, Fungia actiniformis var. Déderlein 1902 = Heliofungia
actiniformis
sumatrense, Flabellum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =
Truncatoflabellum spheniscus [123]
sumilonensis, Montipora Nemenzo 1979
Sunflower Coral 54
superba, Madrepora Klunzinger 1879 = Acropora palmata
superficialis, Alveopora Pillai & Scheer 1976
superficialis, Meandrina Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = Diploria
clivosa [786]
superficialis, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? New Zealand [28]
superficialis, Porites Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = P. astreoides
[889]
superficialis, Prionastrea vasta var. Klunzinger 1879 = Favites virens
[839]
superficialis, Psammocora Gardiner 1898
superfusa, Porites Gardiner 1898
superstes, Letepsammia (Ortmann 1888)
superstes, Stephanophyllia Ortmann 1888 = Letepsammia superstes
[126a]
suppressa, Porites Crossland 1952 = P. nigrescens [674]
i)
ty
tanegashimensis, Acropora Veron 1990
tangolaensis, Astrangia Durham 1947
tannerense, Flabellum Durham & Barnard 1952 = Polymyces
montereyensis [123]
tannerensis, Polymyces (Durham & Bamard 1952) = Polymyces
montereyensis [123]
tapera. Anacropora Zou. Song & Ma 1975 =? China [897]
taprobanae, Balanophyllia Bourne 1905 =? Sri Lanka [72]
taxiformis, Antipathes Duchassaing 1870 = ?
taxilianus, Paracyathus Gosse 1860 = Carvophyllia smithii [118]
Taxipathes Brook 1889 36
tayamai. Astreopora Yabe & Sugiyama 1941 = A. myriophthalma [429]
tayamai, Pseudosiderastrea Yabe & Sugiyama 1935
tayamai, Turbinaria Yabe & Sugiyama ?
telegraphicus, Thalassiotrochus Milne Edwards 1861
Temnotrochus Caims 1995
Ten-rayed Star Coral
tenella, Acanthastrea (Dana 1848) =?
tenella, Acropora (Brook 1892)
tenella, Astraea Dana 1848 =? Fiji [265]
tenella, Culicia Dana 1848
tenella, Galaxea Briiggemann 1879 =? Federated States of
Micronesia [93]. Indonesia [621]
tenella, Goniopora (Quelch 1886)
tenella, Hydnophora Quelch 1886 = H. exesa [674.839]
136
38
tenella, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora tenella [792a]
tenella, Millepora Esper 1797 =?
tenella, Millepora Ortmann 1892 = Af. tenera [50]
tenella, Oculina Pourtales 1871
tenella. Prionastrea (Dana 1848) =?
tenella, Tichopora Quelch 1886 = Goniopora tenella
tenera, Millepora Boschma 1949
tenisonwoodsi. Snlaster Caims 1988
tenuescens. Desmophyvillum Gardiner 1899 = Thalamophvilia
tenuescens [126a]
tenuescens. Thalamophyllia (Gardiner 1899)
tenuicalyx, Paracyathus Vaughan 1907 = Trochocyvathus
rhombocolumna [123a]
tenuicalyx, Trochocyvathus (Vaughan 1907) = Trochocvathus
rhombocolumna [123a]
tenuicaulis, Montipora Vaughan 1907
tenuicostatum, Mycedium Verrill 1901 = M. elephantotus [674]
tenuidens, Fungia Quelch 1886 = F. scutaria (354)
tenuidens, Goniopora (Quelch 1886)
tenuidens, Rhodaraea Quelch 1886 = Goniopora tenuidens
tetrasticha, Antipathes Pourtalés 1868 = Parantipathes tetrasticha
tetrasticha. Parantipathes (Pourtales 1868)
tetrastichopora. Conopora Caims 1991
Thalamopinillia Duchassaing 1870 129
thalassae, Balanophyllia Zibrowius 1980
Thalasstotrochus Milne Edwards 1861 129
thamnea. Antipathes Wamer 1981
thamnoides, Antipathes Schultze 1896
thamnoides. Aphanipathes (Schultze 1896) = Antipathes thamnoides
Thecocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Tethocyvathus
Thecopsammia Pourtales 1868 143
thomasiana, Madrepora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = Acropora
palmata
thomasiana, Symphyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = /sop/vilia
sinuosa [889]
Thom coral 37
thouarsii, Flabellum Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
Thrypticotrochus Cairns 1989 129
thulensis. Paracyathus Gosse 1860 = Caryophyllia smithii [118]
thurstoni. Acropora (Brook 1893)
tenuidentata, Lobophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = L. costatathurstoni, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora thurstoni
[484)/L. hemprichii
tenuifolia. Agaricia Dana 1848
tenuifolia, Fungia agariciformis var. Dana 1848 = F. fungites
tenuilamellosa, Coenopsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 =
Tubastraea coccinea [889]
tenuilamellosa. Tubastrea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848) =
Tubastraea coccinea [123]
tenuis, Acropora (Dana 1848)
tenuis, Balanophyllia van der Horst 1922
tenuis, Bathypathes Brook 1889
tenuis, Coelastrea Verrill 1866
thurstoni, Porites Pillai ? =?
thyoides, Antipathes Pourtalés 1880 = Aphanipathes thyoides
thyoides. Aphanipathes (Pourtalés 1880)
tiara, Halomitra Verrill 1864 = H. pileus [354]
tibicina, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = ?
tiburonensis, Balanophyllia Durham 1947 = B. cedrosensis {123}
tiburonensis, Paracyathus Durham 1947 = P. stearnsii [123]
Tichopora Quelch 1886 = Goniopora
Tichoseris Quelch 1884 = Pavona
tiliata, Stenohelia (Hickson & England 1905)
tiliatus, Stylaster Hickson & England 1905 = Stenohelia tiliata
tenuis, Colpophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = C. natans [889] tintinnabulum, Bathypsammia (Pourtalés 1868)
tenuis, Conopora Moseley 1879 = C. laevis [105]
tenuis, Cycloseris (Dana 1848) = Fungia tenuis [354]
tenuis, Fungia Dana 1848
tenuis, Leptoria (Dana 1848) = L. phrygia [430]
tenuis, Leptoseris van der Horst 1921
tenuis, Lophohelia Moseley 1881 = Madrepora oculata [126a]
tenuis, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora tenuis [637c]
tenuis, Madrepora sensu Ortmann 1888 = Madrepora dilatata/?
tenuis, Meandrina Dana 1848 = Leptoria phrygia [839]
tenuis, Porites Verrill 1866
tenuis, Seriatopora Bassett-Smith 1890 =? Tizard Bank [22]
tenuis, Stylaster Verrill 1864 = S. sanguineus [105]
tenuis, Turbinaria Marenzeller 1907 = ?
tenuisepta, Mussa Verrill 1901 = Mussismilia hispida [420]
tenuiseptata, Crypthelia Cairns 1986
tenuispicata, Acropora (Studer 1881) = A. divaricata [792]
tenuispicata, Madrepora Studer 1881 = Acropora divaricata [792]
tenuispina, Antipathes (Silberfeld 1909)
tenuispina, Parantipathes Silberfeld 1909 = Antipathes tenuispina
tenuissima, Montipora Bernard 1897
tenuistylus, Errina Broch 1942 = Lepidotheca tenuistylus
tenuistylus, Lepidotheca (Broch 1942)
teres, Acropora (Verrill 1866) = Acropora microphthalma [637c.637d)
teres, Balanophyllia Cairns 1994
teres, Madrepora Verrill 1866 = Acropora teres (359)/A.
microphihalma
teres, Pectinia Nemenzo & Montecillo 1981
ternatensis, Antipathes Schultze 1896
ternatensis, Fungia scruposa var. Déderlein 1902 = F. scruposa
tertia, Echinopora Gardiner 1904 = E. hirsutissima [744,844]
tertia, Montipora Crossland 1952 =? Australia [168]
tessellata, Favites Verrill 1901 =? (nom. nov. Astraea tesserifera
Dana)
tintinnabulum, Thecopsammia Pourtales 1868 = Bathypsammia
tintinnabulum
tityimaensis, Tubasiraea coccinea Eguchi 1968 = Cladopsammia
gracilis {123]
titizimaensis, Oxypora Yabe & Sugiyama 1936
tizardi, Acropora (Brook 1892) = A. cerealis [674.792]
tizardi, Alveopora Bassett-Smith 1890
tizardi, Madrepora Brook 1892 = Acropora cerealis [792]
togata. Balanophyllia van der Horst 1927 = Trochopsammia togata
[125]
togata, Trochopsammia (van der Horst 1927)
togianensis, Merulina Umbgrove 1940
togianensis, Porites nigrescens var. Umbgrove 1940 = P. nigrescens
togianensis, Psammocora Umbgrove 1940 = P. digitata [674]
Tooth Coral 119
torihalimeda, Acropora Wallace 1994
torresiana, Pachyseris Vaughan 1918 = P. rugosa [728.807)/P.
carinata [359]
tortuosa, Acropora (Dana 1848)
tortuosa, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora tortuosa
tortuosa, Manopora Dana 1848 = Montipora digitata [775]
tortuosa, Millepora Dana 1848 = M. tenera
tortuosa, Montipora (Dana 1848) = M. digitata
tosaensis, Echinophyllia (Yabe & Eguchi 1935)
tosaensis, Oxyphyllia aspera var. Yabe & Eguchi 1935 = Echinophyllia
tosaensis [354b]
toulai, Porites Vaughan 1919 = P. baracoensis
trabeculata, Montipora Bernard 1897
traceyi, Goniopora Wells 1954 =G. lobata [773]
Trachylopora Brook 1893 = Acropora
Trachyphyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
Trachyphylliidae Verrill 1901
Trachypora Milne Edwards & Haime 1851 = ?
109
109
tesserifera, Astraea Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834 =? Sri Lanka [558]7rachypora Verrill 1864 = Oxypora
tesserifera, Prionastrea (Hemprich & Ehrenberg 1834) =? Tanzania
[470]
Tethocyathus Kiihn 1933 128
2
trachystoma, Allopora campyleca Fisher 1938 = Stlaster campylecus
translucens, Cirrhipathes van Pesch 1910
transversa, Leptastraea Klunzinger 1879
33
transversale. Flabellum Moseley 1881
transversalis. Cawophvilia Moseley 1881
transversalis, Carvophyllia clavus var. Moseley 1881 = Carvophyilia
transversalis [1 26a}
trapezoideum. ? keller 1981 = Truncatoflabellum trapezoideum
trapezoideum. Truncatoflabellum (Keller 1981)
Tree Coral 144
Trematotrochus Tenison-Woods 1877 129
triangularis. ? Veron & Pichon 1980 = Paraclavarina triangularis
triangularis, Coeloria arabica var. Klunzinger 1879 = Plan gvra
lamellina
triangularis. Merulina (Veron & Pichon 1980) = Paraclavarina
triangularis
triangularis, Paraclavarina (Veron & Pichon 1980)
trichophylla, Astraea Ehrenberg 1834 =?
Tridacophyllia Blainville 1830 = Pectinia
trihedralis, Alveopora Nemenzo 1980 = 4. verrilliana [768]
trilinguis. Madrepora Boddaert 1768 = Herpolitha limax [354]
trimurata, Porites Gardiner 1898
trinitatis. Leptopsammia Hubbard & Wells 1986
trinitatis, Millepora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 =? Trinidad and Turbinaria Oken 1815
Tobago [197]
triquetra, Antipathes Bruguiére 1792 =?
tristicha, Parantipathes van Pesch 1914
tristis, Antipathella (Duchassaing 1870) = Antipathes tristis
tristis, Antipathes (Duchassaing 1870)
tristis. Rhipidipathes Duchassaing 1870 = Antipathes tristis
trochiformis. Madrepora Pallas 1766 = ?
Trochocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 129
Trochopsammia Pourtales 1878 143
trophostega, Crypthelia Fisher 1938
Tropidocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 130
Tropidopathes Silberfeld 1909 36
truncata, Culicia Dana 1848 = Culicia stellata
truncata, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = ?
truncata, Meandrina Dana 1848 = Diploria labyrinthiformis
truncata, Millepora Dana 1848 = M. planphylla [430]
Truncatoflabellum Cairns 1989
Truncatoguynia Cairns 1989
truncularis, Caryophyllia Lamarck 1816 =?
truncum, Flabellum Caims 1982 = Truncatoflabellum truncum [101]
truncum, Truncatoflabellum (Caims 1982)
Trymhelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 = ?
Tubastraea Lesson 1829
Tubastrea Blainville 1830 = Montastrea
tuberculata, ? Lamarck ? = ?Montipora danae
tuberculata, Montipora (Lamarck ?) = ?M. danae [674]
tuberculatum, Vasillum Tenison-Woods 1879 =? Australia [719]
tuberculosa, Acropora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860)
tuberculosa, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = Acropora
tuberculosa
tuberculosa, Montipora (Lamarck 1816)
tuberculosa, Porites Lamarck 1816 = Montipora tuberculosa
tuberosa, Millepora Boschma 1966
tuberosa, Montipora Klunzinger 1879 = M. ehrenbergii [359]
tuberosa, Pocillopora meandrina var. Verrill 1869 = P. meandrina
tubicinaria, Acropora (Dana 1848)
tubicinaria, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora tubicinaria
tubifera, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Macclesfield Bank [28]
tubifera, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
tubifex, Mycedium (Dana 1848) = M. elephantotus [674]
tubifex, Phyllastraea Dana 1848 = Mycedium elephantotus [772]
tubigera, Acropora (Hom 1861) = A. aculeus [792]
tubigera, Madrepora Hom 1861 = Acropora tubigeralA. aculeus
tubigera, Madrepora Quelch 1886 =?
Tubipora Linnaeus 1758 29
Tubiporidae Ehrenberg 1828 29
tubulata, Heliopora Pourtalés 1867 = Pliobothrus tubulatus [110]
tubulatus, Pliobothrus (Pourtalés 1867)
tubulifera, Favia Klunzinger 1879 = F. favus [839]
134
136
149
tubulifera, Leptoseris Vaughan 1907 = L. hawatiensis [185.674]
tubulifera, Millepora Lamarck 1816 =? Mediterranean [427]
nbuliferum. Flabellum Tenison-Woods 1881 = ?
tubulosa. Acropora (Ehrenberg 1834)
tubulosa, Heteropora Ehrenberg 1834 = Acropora mbulosa
tubulosa, Lophohelia Studer 1878 = Lophelia pertusa [881]
tulipa, Rhizotrochus Pourtalés 1874 =? Barbados [612]. Cuba [613]
numida, Acropora (Verrill 1864)
tumida, Caulastraea Matthai 1928
tumida. Madrepora Verrill 1866 = Acropora tumida
tumida, Madrepora variabilis var. Klunzinger 1879 = 4cropora
valida
tumida, Pocillopora cespitosa var. Vaughan 1907 = ?
tumida, Porites Briiggemann 1879 = ? Federated States of Micronesia
[93]
tumida, Porites compressa forma Vaughan 1907 = P. compressa
turaki, Acropora Wallace 1994
turbida, Nemenzophyllia Hodgson & Ross 1982 = Plerogyra turbida
[766]
turbida. Plerogyra (Hodgson & Ross 1982)
144
turbinata. Acropora (Dana 1848) = A. hyacinthus [792]
turbinata, Caryophyllia Philippi 1836 = C. smithii [118]
turbinata, Cyathina Dana 1848 = Caryophyllia clavus/C. smithii
turbinata, Dendrophyllia Nemenzo 1960 = ?Tubastraea coccinea
[126a]
turbinata, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 (p. 793) =?
turbinata, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 (p. 796) =?
turbinata, Madrepora surculosa var. Dana 1848 = Acropora
hyacinthus
Turbinolia Lamarck 1816
turbinolioides, Fungiacyathus Cairns 1989
turgescens, Montipora Bernard 1897
turgida, Acropora (Verrill 1866)
turgida, Euphyllia Dana 1848 = E. glabrescens [674)/E. fimbriata
[754]
turgida, Madrepora Verrill 1866 = Acropora turgida
turtlensis. Montipora Veron & Wallace 1984
tuthilli, Flabellum Hoffmeister 1933
tutuilensis, Acropora Hoffmeister 1925 = A. clathrata/A. ronimana
[430]. A. clathrata/A. danai {792}
tutuilensis, Psammocora contigua var. Hoffmeister 1925 = P.
contigua
tydemani, Crispatotrochus (Alcock 1902) = Crispatotrochus rubescens
[126a]
tydemani, Cyathoceras Alcock 1902 = Crispatotrochus rubescens
[126a]
Tylopathes Brook 1889 = Antipathes
Tylopora Brook 1893 = Acropora
tylostoma. Acropora (Ehrenberg 1834) = A. horrida [674]
tylostoma, Heteropora Ehrenberg 1834 = Acropora horrida
tylota, Allopora campyleca Fisher 1938 = Stylaster campylecus
hipica, Monomyces Eguchi 1968 = Rhizotrochus phypus [123]
typicus, Coelocyathus Sars 1857 = Monomyces pygmaea [881]
typicus, Spongiocyathus Folkeson 1919 = Heterocyathus aequicostatus
[356]
typus, Conotrochus Seguenza 1864 =? Cayman Islands [614]. Cuba
[613]
typus, Rhizotrochus Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
130
uchiuraensis, Monomyces Eguchi 1972 = Rhizotrochus typus [116.123]
Ulangia Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Oulangia
ulex, Antipathes Ellis & Solander 1786
Ulocyathus Sars 1851 = Flabellum [116]
Ulophyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 = Oulophyllia
umbellata, Mussa Briiggemann 1879 = Lobophyllia corymbosa [484]
umbellifera, Porites Gardiner 1898
umbonata, Stenohelia (Hickson & England 1905)
umbonatus, Stylaster Hickson & England 1905 = Stenohelia
umbonata
umbratica, Antipathes Opresko 1996
uncinata, Madrepora brueggemannii var. Brook 1893 = 4cropora
brueggemannii [792]
undans, Montipora Crossland 1952 =? Australia [168]
Undaria Oken 1815 = Agaricia
undata. Agaricia (Ellis & Solander 1786)
undata, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Agaricia undata
undata, Montipora Bernard 1897
undata, Turbinaria Bernard 1896
undata. Undaria (Ellis & Solander 1786) = Agaricia undata
undulata, Antipathes van Pesch 1914 = Aphanipathes undulata
undulata. Aphanipathes (van Pesch 1914)
undulata, Caulastraea Dana 1848 = ?Eusmilia fastigiata [484]
undulata, Echinopora Dana 1848 = E. lamellosa [744.844]
undulata, Fungia echinata var. Déderlein 1902 = Crenactis echinata
undulata, Goniopora Nemenzo ? = G. somaliensis [768]
undulata. Porites (Klunzinger 1879) = P. rus
undulata, Synaraea Wlunzinger 1879 = Porites rus
undulatum, Lithophyllon Rehberg 1892
unicristata, Caryophyllia Cairns & Zibrowius 1997
unifacialis, Conopora Caims 1991
varia, Goniastrea (Dana 1848)
variabile. Flabellum Semper 1872
= Truncatoflabellum aculeatum [116]
vartabile, ? Gerth 1921 = Truncatoflabellum variabile
variabile. Truncatoflabellum (Gerth 1921)
variabilis. Acropora (Klunzinger 1879) = 4. valida [637¢c.674]
variabilis. Carvophyilia Duncan 1873 = C. abyssorum [118]
variabilis, Cirrhipathes van Pesch 1914
variabilis, Madrepora WKlunzinger 1879 = Acropora valida
[637a.637c]
variabilis, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Australia [28]
variabilis, Peponocyathus Gravier 1915 = P. folliculus [123b]
variabilis, Solenosmilia Duncan 1873
variabilis. Stichopathes (van Pesch 1914)
variabilis. Stephanocyathus Seguenza ? =? Martinique [614]
variabilis. Tethocyathus Caims 1979
varians, Deltocyathus Gardiner & Waugh 1938
varians. Pavona (Verrill 1864)
varians, Pavonia Verrill 1864 = Pavona varians
varians, Podabacia elegans forma Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 =
Lithophyllon undulatum
unipedalis, Cladocora Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = C. arbusculavaricosa. Oculina LeSueur 1820
[889]
uniserialis, Distichopora Cairns 1986
urceolifera, Acropora Verrill 1902 =?
unvilliana, Parastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Favia pallida
[839]
unvillii, Coenopsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Tubastraea
coccinea [827.889]
unvillii, Plesiastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848
= P. versipora [674.843]
uva, Astraea (Esper 1797) =?
uva. Dichocoenia (Esper 1797) =?
uva, Favia (Esper 1797) =?
uva, Madrepora Esper 1797 =?
vacua, Cylicia Tenison-Woods 1879 = ? New Zealand [721]
vacua, Orbicella Crossland 1952 = Montastrea annuligera [843]
vacuum, Flabellum Crossland 1952 = Catalaphyllia plicata [819]
vagabunda, Madrepora Klunzinger 1879 =? Tanzania [560}
valdiviae, Antipathes Pax 1915
valdiviae, Caryophyllia Zibrowius & Gili 1990
valencennesii, Acropora (Milne Edwards & Haime 1860)
variegata, Dasmosmilia (Pourtales 1871)
variegata, Parasmilia Pourtalés 1871 = Dasmosmilia variegata [125]
variegatus, Fungiacyathus Cairns 1989
variolaris, Notophyllia (Tenison-Woods 1877)
variolaris. Sphenotrochus Tenison-Woods 1877 = Notopinilia
variolaris
variolosa, Madrepora Klunzinger 1879 = Acropora hemprichii
vascomarquesi, Crypthelia Zibrowius & Cairns 1992
Vase Coral 144
vasiformis, Acropora (Brook 1893) = A. clathrata [637a. 637c¢.674.792]
vasiformis, Madrepora Brook 1893 = Acropora clathrata [637¢.792]
vasiformis, Madrepora corymbosa var. Brook 1893 = Acropora
cytherea
vasiformis, Trochocyathus Bourne 1903
Vasillum Tenison-W oods 1879 = Rhizotrochus [116]
vasta, Favia (Klunzinger 1879) = Favites virens [754]
vasta, Prionastraea Klunzinger 1879 = Favites virens [839]
vastula, Madrepora Quelch 1886 =? Fiji [621]
Vaughanella Gravier 1915
vaughani, Acropora Wells 1954
vaughani, Concentrotheca Cairns 1991
131
valencennesii, Madrepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = Acroporavaughani, Cycloseris (Boschma 1923) = Fungia vaughani [354]
valencennesii
valenciennesi, Oculina Milne Edwards & Haime 1850
valenciennesi, Pachyseris Milne Edwards & Haime 1851
= P. rugosa [674]
valenciennesii, Favia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1848)
valenciennesii, Manicina Milne Edwards & Haime 1849 =
Montastraea valenciennesii
valenciennesii, Montastraea (Milne Edwards & Haime 1849)
valenciennesii, Phymastrea Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Favia
valenciennesii [839]
valenciennesii, Symphyllia Milne Edwards & Haime 1849
valida, Acropora (Dana 1848)
valida, Dasmosmilia Marenzeller 1907
valida, Fungia Verrill 1864 = F. horridal/scruposa (354)
valida, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora valida [637c}
valida, Meandrina Dana 1848 =?
valida, Porites Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864 =? British Virgin
Islands [197]. Virgin Islands of the United States [197]
valida, Seriatopora Ehrenberg 1834 =? Philippines [621]
vanderhorsti, Acropora Hoffmeister 1925 = A. grandis[122] /A.
intermedia [430]
vanderhorsti, Podabacia lobata forma Yabe & Sugiyama 1936 =
Lithophyllon undulatum
varia, Acropora Nemenzo 1967 = A. formosa [768]
varia, Astraea Dana 1848 = Coeloria spongiosa [784\/Goniastrea
varia
vaughani, Deltocyathus Yabe & Eguchi 1932
vaughani, Endopachys Durham 1947 = E. grayi [118.123]
vaughani, Flabellum Cairns 1984
vaughani, Fungia Boschma 1923
vaughani, Merulina van der Horst 1921 = M. ampliata [484]
vaughani, Montipora Hofimeister 1925 = M. foveolata
vaughani, Porites Crossland 1952
vaughani, Psammocora Yabe & Sugiyama 1936
vegetans, Heterocyathus Milne Edwards & Haime 1857 =?
velata, Dendrophyllia Crossland 1952
veluta, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 = T. reniformis [674]
venosa, Madrepora Ehrenberg 1834 = Montipora venosa
venosa, Montipora (Ehrenberg 1834)
venosa, Pavona (Ehrenberg 1834)
venosa, Polyastra Ehrenberg 1834 = Pavona venosa
venusta, Allopora Verrill 1869 = Stlaster venustus
venusta, Amphelia Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 =? Australia
[503.716]
venusta, Leptoseris (Dana 1848) = Pavona cactus
venusta, Pavonia Dana 1848 = Pavona cactus [674]
venusta, Turbinaria Bernard 1896 =? Australia
venustus, Ceratotrochus Alcock 1902 = Cryptotrochus venustus
[123a]/Pleotrochus venustus
venustus, Citharocyathus Alcock 1902
= Notocyathus conicus [116.123\/N. venustus [126a]
venustus, Cryptotrochus (Alcock 1902) = Pleotrochus venustus [123b]
235
venustus. Notocyathus (Alcock 1902)
venustus. Pleotrochus (Alcock 1902)
venustus. Snlaster (Verll 1869)
verconis, Trematotrochus Dennant 1904
vermiculata. Acropora Nemenzo 1967 = 4. sarmentosa [768)/4. florida
[792]
vermiformis, Caryophyllia Duncan 1873 = C. cornuformis [275]
vermiformis, Coenocyathus Pourtalés 1868
= Stenocvathus vermiformis [881]
vermiformis. Stenocvathus (Pourtalés 1868)
veroni, Bourneotrochus Wells 1984 = Bourneotrochus stellulatus
{126a]
veroni, Favia Moll & Best 1984
verreauxii, Angia Milne Edwards & Haime 1850 = Culicia verreauxti
verreauxii. Culicia (Milne Edwards & Haime 1850)
verrilli, Montipora Vaughan 1907
verrilli, Polycyathus Duncan 1889
verrilli. Porites Rehberg 1892 = P. astreoides [420]
verrilli, Psammocora Vaughan 1907
verrilli, Rhizopsammia van der Horst 1922
verrilliana, Alveopora Dana 1872
verrilliana, Fungia Quelch 1886 = F. scutaria [354]
verrillii, Allopora Dall 1884 = Snlaster verrillii
verrillii, Stlaster (Dall 1884}
Verrillofungia Wells 1966 = Fungia
verrucaria, Balanophyllia (Pallas 1766)
verrucaria, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = ?
verrucaria, Madrepora Pallas 1766 = Balanophyllia verrucaria
verrucosa, Conopora (Studer 1878)
verrucosa. Hornera Calvet 1903 = Errina dabneyi [885]
verrucosa, Madrepora Ellis & Solander 1786 = Pocillopora verrucosa
verrucosa, Millepora Milne Edwards & Haime 1860 = M. squarrosa
verrucosa, Montipora (Lamarck 1816)
verrucosa, Montipora Quoy & Gaimard 1833 = M. foveolata
verrucosa, Pocillopora (Ellis & Solander 1786)
verrucosa, Pocillopora Dana 1848 = P. woodjonesi
verrucosa, Porites Lamarck 1816 = Montipora verrucosa
verrucosa, Symphyllia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = /sophyllia
sinuosa [889]
verrucosus, Stylaster Studer 1878 = Conopora verrucosa
versipora, Astrea Lamarck 1816 = Plesiastrea versipora [843]
versipora, Favia (Lamarck 1816) = Plesiastrea versipora
versipora, Orbicella (Lamarck 1816) = Plesiastrea versipora
versipora, Plesiastrea (Lamarck 1816)
verticillata, Antipathes (Brook 1889)
verticillata, Aphanipathes Brook 1889 = Antipathes verticillata
verweyi, Acropora Veron & Wallace 1984
verweyi, Platygyra Wijsman-Best 1976
vesicularis, Simplastrea Umbgrove 1939
vesparium, Mycedium Duchassaing & Michelotti 1860 = Agaricia
agaricites [889]
victoriae, Trochocyathus Duncan 1870
villosa, Montipora K\unzinger 1879 = ?
viminalis, Antipathes Roule 1902
vincentinus, Australocyathus (Dennant 1906)
vincentinus, Deltocyathus Dennant 1906 = Australocyathus vincentinus
[126]
viola, Deltocyathus Woods & Duncan? =? Australia [716]
viola, Sphenotrochus Gerth 1921 = Notocyathus conicus (116, 123]
violacea, Distichopora (Pallas 1766)
violacea, Madrepora Brook 1892 =? Australia [86.87]. Fiji [86.87]
violacea, Millepora Pallas 1766 = Distichopora violacea
violetiae, Porites Nemenzo ? = ?P. deformis
virens, Astraea Dana 1848 = Favites abdita [774]
virens, Favites (Dana 1848)
virens, Prionastrea (Dana 1848) = Favites abdita
virgata, Acropora (Dana 1848) = 4. formosa
virgata. Antipathes Esper 1797
virgata, Madrepora Dana 1848 = Acropora formosa [775]
virgatus, Tethocyathus (Alcock 1902)
5
virgatus, Trochocyathus Alcock 1902 = Tethocyathus virgatus [123a]
virginea, Madrepora Linnaeus 1758 = Oculina diffusa [1 31)
virginea. Oculina (Linnaeus 1758) =O. diffusa
virginis, Crptohelia Lindstrom 1877 = Snlaster complanatus [110]
virginis. Stenohelia (Lindstrom 1877) = Snlaster complanatus
virginis, Stylaster (Lindstrom 1877) = S. complananus [110]
virgosa, Oculina Squires 1958
viridis, Alveopora Quoy & Gaimard 1833
viridis, Astraea Quoy & Gaimard 1833 = Goniopora viridis
viridis, Coenopsammia Milne Edwards & Haime 1848 = Tubastraea
micrantha [125]
viridis. Goniopora (Quoy & Gaimard 1833)
viridis, Montipora Bernard 1897 =? Solomon Islands [28]
viridis. Plangyra LeSueur 1820? = Diploria strigosa [102]
viridis, Porites Gardiner 1898 = P. lichen [674]
virilis. Acropora Nemenzo 1967 = ?
vitiae, Madrepora Squires & Keyes 1967
vitiensis, Fungia danai var. Déderlein 1902 = ?
vitiensis, Lithophyllia (Briggemann 1877) = Scolymia vitiensis
vitiensis, Mussa (Briggemann 1877) = Scolymia vitiensis
vitiensis, Parascolymia (Briggemann 1877) = Scolymia vitiensis
vitiensis, Scolymia Briiggemann 1877
vitrea, Javania (Alcock 1898) = J. cailleti [116]
vitreum, Desmophyllum Alcock 1898 = Javania cailleti [116)
vittatus, Paracyathus Dennant 1906
wakayana, Favia (Gardiner 1899) = Montastrea curta
wakayana, Orbicella Gardiner 1899 = Montastrea curta [843]
wallaceae, Acropora Veron 1990
wardii, Acropora Verrill 1902 =?
washingtoni, Stenocyathus Cecchini 1914 = S. vermiformis [881]
waylandi. Porites Foster 1986
weberi, Endopachys Alcock 1902 = E. grayi [125]
weberi, Flabellum Alcock 1902 = Javania insignis [123]
weberi, Fungia van der Horst 1921 = Herpolitha limax [354]
weberi, Herpolitha (van der Horst 1921) = Herpolitha limax [354]
weberi, Trochocyathus Alcock 1902 = ?Trochocyathus cooperi {126a]
weberianus, Stephanocyathus (Alcock 1902)
weberianus, Stephanotrochus Alcock 1902 = Stephanocyathus
weberianus [123]
wellingtoni, Rhizopsammia Wells 1982
wellsi, Balanophyllia Caims 1977
wellsi, Blastomussa Wijsman-Best 1973
wellsi, Coscinastrea Veron & Pichon 1980
wellsi, Dendrophyllia Eguchi 1968 = Eguchipsammia wellsi (123]
wellsi, Eguchipsammia (Eguchi 1968)
wellsi, Erythrastrea (Ma 1959)
wellsi, Lobophyllia Ma 1959 = Erythrastrea wellsi
wellsi, Lophosmilia Durham & Barnard 1952
= Phyllangia consagensis [118]
wellsi, Physophyllia Nemenzo 1971 = P. ayleni [768]
wellsi, Polymyces Cairns 1991
wellsi, Stylophora Scheer 1964
wellsi, Trochocyathus Yabe & Eguchi 1942
= Tropidocyathus lessonii {1 16.123]
wellsii, Scolymia Laborel 1967 = S. cubensis
Wellsophyllia Pichon 1980 = Trachyphyllia [768]
Wellsotrochus Squires 1960 = ?
wertsteini, Rhizopsammia Scheer & Pillai 1983
whitfieldi, Favia Verrill 1901 = F. fragum [889]
willeyi, Coenopsammia Gardiner 1899 = Tubastraea coccinea [126a]
willeyi, Dendrophyllia (Gardiner 1899) = [?Cladopsammia gracilis
[123]]/Tubastraea coccinea [{126a]}
willeyi, Montipora Bernard 1897 = ? New Caledonia [28]
willeyi, Tubastraea (Gardiner 1899) = [?Cladopsammia gracilis
[123]]/Tubastraea coccinea {126a]
willisae, Acropora Veron & Wallace 1984
wilsoni, Symphyllia Veron 1985
wisseli, Favia Scheer & Pillai 1983
wolffi, Parantipathes Pasternak 1977
36
wollastoni. Antipathes Gray 1857
wollastoni, Aphanipathes Brook 1889 = Anupathes wollastoni
woodjonesi, Pocillopora \ aughan 1918
woodmasoni, Heterocyathus Alcock 1893 = H aequicostatus {356}
woodsi. Astrangia Wells 1935
woodsi. Crispatotrochus (Wells 1964)
woods!. Cyathoceras Wells 1964 = Crispatotrochus woodsi [118]
worsley1. Rhizotrochus Alcock 1891 = R. npus [116]
wotouensis. Goniopora Zou. Song & Ma 1975
wrightii. Sphenotrochus Gosse 1859 =? Ireland [286]. United
Kingdom [73]
Wrinkle Coral 60
xarifae, Pavona Scheer & Pillai 1974
xishaensis. Millepora Zou 1978
Xishasiderastrea Zou 1975 = Coeloseris
yabei, Leptoseris (Pillai & Scheer 1976)
yabei, Pavona Pillai & Scheer 1976 = Leptoseris yabei [674]
yabei, Stenohelia (Eguchi 1941)
yabei. Stlaster Eguchi 1941 = Stenohelia yabei
yaeyamaensis, Botryphyllia Shirai 1980 = Euphyllia yaevamaensis
[766]
yaeyamaensis. Euphyllia (Shirai 1980)
yaeyamaensis, Goniastrea Eguchi & Shirai 1977
= Planygyra yaeyamaensis
yaeyamaensis, Platygyra (Eguchi & Shirai 1977)
yamanarii, Favites Yabe & Sugivama 1936 = F. chinensis
yamanarit, Pavona (Yabe & Sugiyama 1933)
yamanarti. Pseudocolumnastrea Yabe & Sugivama 1933 = Pavona
yamanarii
Yellow Pencil Coral 38
vokovamai. ? Yabe & Sugivama 1931 = Caulastraea tumida [871]
vongei. Acropora Veron & Wallace 1984
yongei, Balanophyilia Crossland 1952
yucatanensis, Distichopora Cairns 1986
zamboi, Leptoseris Nemenzo 1971 = L. papyracea [185.768]
zanzibarensis. Carvophyllia Zou 1984
zarhyncha, Errinopora Fisher 1938
zeidleri, Paraconotrochus Caims & Parker 1992
zelandiae, Conocyathus Duncan 1876
zelandiae, Trematotrochus (Duncan 1876) = Conocyathus zelandiae
[126a]
zelli, Australogvra (Veron. Pichon & Wijsman-Best 1977)
zelli, Plan:gyra Veron. Pichon & Wijsman-Best 1977
= Australogyra =elli
zhongyianensis. Cyphastrea Zou 1980
zibrowii, Pleotrochus Cairns 1997
Zigzag Coral 119
Zoopilus Dana 1848 77
zoothallus. Antipathes Pax 1932
zopyros. Caryophyilia Caims 1979
wluense, Truncatoflabellum Cairns in Cairns & Keller 1993
237
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