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.ISTS

.) V

PIERRE MEXARD,
lERRE-MEXARD PAPERS.
NOEL LE VASSEUR,
.ISTS OF EARLY ILLLXOLS CITIZEXS.

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FERGUS' HISTORICAL SERIES, No. 31.

PIERRE MENARD,

AND

ERRE-MENARD PAPERS,

HISTORICAL SKETCH AND NOTES

EDWARD GAY MASON,

President of the Chicacjo Hi^ToRicAt. Socikty.

NOEL LE VASSEUR,

STEPHEN R. MOORE.

STS OF EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS,

INTRODUCTION BV

EDWARD GAY MASON.

REI'RINTED FROM

\"()L. IV, Chicago IIistoricai. Society's Coi.lkctions;
"Early Chicac.i.. and Illimhs."

CHICAGO:

FERGUS P R I N T l5v h \ &) M P A N Y.

1890.

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EARLY ILLINOIS.

PIERRE MENARD,

THE FIRST LIEUTENANT-dOVKRNOR OE ILLINOIS.

By Edward G. Mason of Chicago.

PIERRE MENARD was born Oct. 7, 1766, at Saint
Antoine upon the river Chambly or Richelieu, in the
Province of Quebec, in Lower Canada. The historians
of Illinois who mention him have uniformly described
him as a native of the City of Quebec, born in 1767*
But these statements are shown to be erroneous by the
register of his baptism, still preserved in the parish
church of Saint Antoine, which states that in 1766, on
October 8, was baptized Pierre, born the day before of
the legitimate marriage of Jean Baptiste Menard, called
Brindamour, and Marie Frangoise Ciree, called St. Michclf
And the ante-nuptial contract between Pierre Menard
and Therese Godin, found among his papers? as well as
the register of their marriage in the Church of the Im-
maculate Conception at Kaskaskia, Ill.f both signed by
him, alike describe him as a native of Saint Antoine, in
Canada.

The village and parish of Saint Antoine are situated

^ Reynolds' " Pioneer History of Illinois," page 242; Montague's "Directory
and Historical Sketches of Randolph County," p. 38; "History of Randolph,
Monroe, and Perry Counties, Illinois," p, 306; Davidson & Stuve's "His-
tory of Illinois," p. 297.

* Parish Register of Saint Antoine de Richelieu, October 8, 1766.
" Original contract in Chicago Historical Society's possession.

* Parish Register of Church of Immaculate Conception, Kaskaskia, Illi-
nois, Juifc 13, 1792.

2 17

''>Jfid23

EARLY ILLINOIS.

in the Sci^nory of Contrcccuur and County of Vercheres,
thirty-five miles from the City of Montreal, upon the
north shore of the river Richelieu, and the place is usually
known as Saint Antoine de Richelieu.' This river, taking
its name from the fort at its mouth, called after the
famous cardinal, was also known as the Sorel, from M.
de Sorel, who commanded at that fortf and as the Cham-
bly, from M. de Chambly, who was once in command of
a fort built at the foot of the rapids on this stream. It
has also been called the St. Louis and the St. John?

Pierre Menard's father, Jean Baptiste Menard, called
Brindamour, was the son of Jean Baptiste Menard and
Madeleine Reboulla, who were of the parish of Saint
Hypolitc in the diocese of Alis^ This diocese was prob-
ably that of Alais, in France, founded in 1694, and in the
Province of Narbonne, in Southern F'rance? There is a
village of St. Hypolite in this diocese, in the modern
Department of Gard, which probably was the birth-place
of Pierre Menard's father, who described himself as a
native of Languedoc, in France, the ancient name of
that region? The younger Jean Baptiste was born in
1735, and was in the French service as a soldier in the
regiment of Guienne. On February 14, 1763, when he
was twenty-eight years old, he was married at Saint
Antoine to Marie P^an^oise Ciree, then twenty-two years
of age, daughter of Jean Baptiste Ciree, called Saint
Michel, and of Marguerite Bonin of that parish. Of
this marriage were born five sons, the two elder at Saint
Antoine, Jean Marie on April 2, 1765, and Pierre on
October 7, 1766. The three younger sons were born at

^ Houchette's "Topographical Dictionary of Lower Canada," article St.
Antoine. ** Charlevoix's "History of New France," (Shea), III, 83.

' Bouchette's " Topographical Dictionary, " article Richelieu.
* Parish Register of Saint Antoine, February 14, 1763.
^ Letter of John Gilmary Shea, P'ebruary 2, 1889.
" Letter of Mrs. Augustine Menard, F'ebruary 5, 1889.

iJ39mi

PIERRE MENARD.

St. Denis de Richelieu ou Chambly, opposite Saint An-
toine, on the other side of the river Richelieu, to which
place their parents had removed. Their names and dates
of birth were: Hypolite on January 8, 1770, Michel on
January 11, 1772, and Jean Francois on January 26, 1775!
The family subsequently resided at Montreal, and at St.
Philippe, LaTortue, and La Prairie, places in the neigh-
borhood of that city? Jean Baptiste Menard was in
several engagements, and is said to have taken part in
the campaign about Fort DuOuesne. When the war of
the Revolution broke out, he joined the American forces
and fought under Montgomery at Quebec?

It was from Montreal that the young Pierre Menard
went forth to seek his fortune, and found his way to V^in-
cenncs certainly as early as 1788. A letter to him from
his father, addressed to Mr. Pierre Menard, clerk for Mr.
Vigo at "Poste Vinsene," is indorsed by him as received
April 28, 1788; and a letter from his mother, dated at
Montreal, June 9, 1789, refers to a letter from him of July
6 of the year before. The mother's letter is addressed
to "Mr. Pierre Menard, called Brindamour, at the house
of Mr. Vigo at Poste de Vinsenne."* These epistles and
others from his parents, treasured by him to his death,
breathe a spirit of the tenderest affection for the absent
son, and those of his mother, especially, show the writer
to have been a person of superior intelligence and educa-
tion. She died at LaPrairie, a village on the south shore
of the river St. Lawrence, nine miles from Montreal, Sep-
tember 19, 1807?

Pierre Menard, while living at Vincennes in 1789, accom-
panied Francois Vigo across the Alleghany Mountains

^ Parish Register of Saint Antoine.

' Letters from Pierre Menard's parents in Chicago Historical Society's
possession.

' Reynolds' "Pioneer History of Illinois," p. 242; letter of Mrs. Augus-
tine Menard, Feb. 5, 1889. * Letters u/ su/>ra. ^ Ibid.

< I i

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KAKI.V Il-LINOIS.

to Carlisle, Pennsylvania, where they had an interview
with President Washington in relation to the defence of
the Western frontier."' He subsequently removed from
Vincennes to Kaskaskia, where he was married, June
13, 1792, to Miss Thcrcse Godin, then nineteen years
of age, daughter of Michel Godin, called Tourangeau,
and Therese St. Gemme licauvais.f The civil contra^j^t
relating to their property matters was entered into the
same day before Mr. Carbonneaux, the notary-public
of the County of St. Clair in the country of the Illinois;
and the original document, preserved among his papers,
is an interesting instance of the late existence of French
law and custom in this region. The marriage ceremony
was performed at the church of the Immaculate Con-
ception at Kaskaskia, by the Rev. Father Saint Pierre.
Among the witnesses were Gen. John Edgar and his wife
Rachel Pklgar, William St. Clair and his wife Jane St.
Clair, and William Morrisson, rJl well-known names in
the early history of the Illinois Territorj-. Mrs. Therese
Godin Menard died in 1804, leaving four children.

On Sept. 22, 1806, Pierre Menard was married the sec-
ond time, at Kaskaskia, in the same church, to Angelique
Saucier, daughter of Francois Saucier and Angelique La
Pensee, and granddaughter of Francjois Saucier, once a
French officer at P'ort Chartres, who resigned and settled
in the Illinois country. The ceremony was performed
by Donatien Ollivier, the priest of the parish. | Mrs, An-
gelique Saucier Menard was born at Portage des Siou.x,
March 4, 1783, and died F'ebruary 12, 1839, leaving six
children, and was buried in the Menard burial-ground at
Kaskaskia.^

During his long life in Illinois, Pierre Menard held

* Letters /// supra. + Parish Register, Kaskaskia, June 13, 1792.

X I'arish Register, Kaskaskia, September 22, 1806.

§ Letter of Mrs. Augustine Menard, November 25, 1888.

^^4Nwi

riEKRE MENARD.

many positions of trust and honor, among which were
the following: October 5, 1795, he was commissioned a
major of the first regiment of militia of Randolph County
by Arthur St. Clair, governor of the Northwest Territory;
August I, 1800, he was again commissioned to the same
office by John Gibson, acting-governor of the Indiana
Territory; February 5, 1801, he was appointed one of
the judges of the court of common pleas of Randolph
County by William Henry Harrison, governor of Indiana
Territory; September 24, 1802, he and John Edgar were
associated by the same governor with John Griffin, one
of the judges of the territorial supreme court, on a com-
mission of inquiry concerning crimes in the Territory;
December 14, 1805, he was appointed by the commis-
sioners of the land-office for the district of Vincenncs, a
commissioner to take depo.sitions and examine witnesses
within the county of Randolph; December 27, 1805, he
was again appointed by Gov. Harrison one of the judges
of the court of common pleas for Randolph County;
July 12, 1806, Gov. Harrison appointed him lieutenant-
colonel commandant of the first regiment of militia of
Randolph County, a position formerly held by John
Edgar; April i, 1809, Meriwether Lewis, governor of the
territory of Louisiana, appointed him captain of infantry
in a detachment of militia on special service; May 6th,
1809, Nathaniel Pope, secretary of the Illinois Territory
and acting governor, again appointed him lieutenant-
colonel of the first regiment of Randolph County militia;
April 2, 18 1 3, he was made United States sub-agent of
Indian affairs oy John Armstrong, secretary of war; and
on May 24, 1828, he and Lewis Cass were appointed
commissioners to make treaties with the Indians of the
Northwest by John Quincy Adams, president of the
United States.* Of his territorial and state offices, and
* Original commissions in possession of tlie Chicago Historical Society.

EARLY ILLINOIS.

public services, and of his life and character, an interest-
ing account will be found in the address of Hon. Henry
S. Baker, delivered at the unveiling of the statue of Pierre
Menard at Springfield, 111.*

Two of Pierre Menard's brothers, Hypolite and Jean
Francois, followed him to Illinois and settled at Kaskas-
kia. The former was a successful farmer, and the other
a famous navigator of the Mississippi. Both led useful
and honored lives, lived to an advanced age, and both
rest near their brother Pierre in the old cemetery at Kas-
kaskia.-f* A nephew, also, Michel Menard, having as well
the family patronymic of Brindamour, who was born at
LaPrairie, December 5, 1805, made his way to Illinois at
the age of eighteen. For several years he was employed
by his uncle Pierre in trading with the Indians. He
obtained great influence among them, and was elected
chief of 'the Shawnees. It is said that he almost suc-
ceeded in uniting the tribes of the Northwest into one
great nation, of which he would have been king. In
1833, Michel went to Texas, was a member of the con-
vention which declared its independence, and of its con-
gress. A league of land was granted to him, including
most of the site of the City of Galveston, which he
founded, and where he died in 1856. It is related that
the Indians said of him, as of his uncle Pierre, whom
in many respects he resembled, "Menard never deceived
us."j

Pierre Menard died at the good old age of seventy-
seven years and eight months, on June 13, 1844, and was
buried, June 14, 1844, in a vault prepared under his own
supervision in the graveyard of the Church of the Im-
maculate Conception, at Kaskaskia. And the parish

* Vol. IV, Chicago Historical Society's Collections.

t Reynolds' "Pioneer History of Illinois," 2d ed., p. 294.

Z "Appleton's Cyclopa-dia Biography," IV, 295.

PIERRE MENARD.

an interest-
Ion. Henry
le of Pierre

i and Jean
at Kaskas-
1 the other
led useful
, and both
iry at Kas-
ing as well
as born at
Illinois at
employed
lians. He
as elected
Imost suc-
t into one
king. In
f the con-
of its con-
including
which he
lated that
rre, whom
■ deceived

r seventy-
|., and was
r his own
f the Im-
lie parish

burial -record says: "Thither he was accompanied by
an immense concourse of people."*
His children by his first wife were:

1. Odile Menard, born at Kaskaskia in 1793; married
in 181 1 to Hugh H. Maxwell, a native of Ireland, deceased
in 1832. She died October 8, 1862. They had twelve
children, of whom two are living. Col. L. Maxwell of
New Mexico, known in connection with the "Maxwell
land-grant," was their son.

2. Peter Menard, born at Kaskaskia in 1797, married
first Caroline Stillman, in 1830, at Peoria, where she died
in 1847; and second, Emily Briggs, at Tremont, 111., in
1850; she is still living with two children. He died in
Tremont, November 30, 1871.

3- Berenice Menard, born at Kaskaskia in 1801, mar-
ried in 1 8 19 to Francois C. Chouteau, deceased in 1836.
She died at Kansas City, Mo., November 19, 1888, at the
age of eighty-seven years, leaving grandchildren, but no
children surviving her.

4. Alzira Menard, born at Kaskaskia in 1802; married
in 1824 to George H. Kennerly; and died at Carondelet,
Mo., in 1885, leaving five children.

His children by his second wife were:

1. Francois P. Menard, born at Kaskaskia in 1809, and
died in January, 1831.

2. Edmond Menard, born at Kaskaskia, February 8,
1813, educated at Mount St. Mary's College, Emmetsburg,
Maryland, and died at Kaskaskia in July, 1884.

3. Matthew Saucier Menard, born at Kaskaskia, April
22, 18 17; married at Ste. Genevieve, Mo., to Constance
Detchemendy; and died September 29, 1832, at St. Louis,
Mo., leaving no children.

4. Louis Cyprien Menard, born March 2, 18 19; edu-
cated at Mount St. Mary's College, Emmef burg, Mary-

* Parish Register, Kaskaskia, June 14, 1844.

' 1 1

«i.

EARLY ILLINOIS.

land, and admitted to the bar at St. Louis, Mo., in 1843.
He was married Oct. 15, 1845, to Augustine Ste. Gemme,
and died June 2, 1870, kviving his widow and six children.

5. Amedee Menard, born in 1820, and died in 1844 at
Peoria, 111.

6. Sophie A., born November 13, 1822; married, in
July, 1843, to John D. Radford of St. Louis, deceased in
1868. She died June 22, 1848, and none of her children
survive.

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PIERRE MENARD PAPERS.

P'rom the originals in the possession of the. Chicago Historical Society.

Ante -Nuptial Contract between Pierre Menard and

Miss Therese Godin, called Tourangeau,

June 13, 1792:

(Translated from the French. )

BEFORE the Notary Public of the County of St. Clair in
the country of the Illinois. The undersigned, residing
in the parish of the Immaculate Conception of Our Lady of
the Kaskaskias, the place of meeting, and the undersigned
witnesses were present. In person Mr. Pierre Menard,
bachelor, having attained his majority, legitimate son of
Mr. Jean Baptiste Menard, called Brindamour, and of Dame
Marie Frangoise Ciree Saint Michel, his father and mother,
native of the Parish of Saint Antoine upon the river
Chambli, Province of the holy diocese of Quebec in
Canada, a trading merchant living in the said Parish of
Kaskaskia, agreeing for himself and in his own name for
one part.

And Miss Therese Godin, called Tourangeau, daughter
of the late Mr. Michel Godin, called Tourangeau, and of
Dame Thesese Ste. Geme Beauvais, her father and mother,
living in this before-mentioned parish of the Kaskaskias.
The said Dame Therese Ste. Geme Beauvais agreeing for
the said Miss Theresa, her daughter, aged nineteen years,
in her name and with her consent for the second part.

Which parties, to wit, on the part of the said Mr. Pierre
Menard, Mr. Francois Janis, Esquire, Captain of a Com-
pany of Citizen militia of this parish, Messrs. Pierre Bon-
neau, and Pierre Latulippe his witnesses and friends:

And on the part of the said Miss Therese Godin Tcur-

EARIA' ILLINOIS.

angeau, Dame Therese Ste, Geme Beauvais, her mother;
Charles Danis, her maternal uncle, as having married the
late Miss Ursule Ste. Geme Beauvais; Nicholas Canada,
her maternal uncle, as having married Miss Marie Helene
Ste. Geme Beauvais; Ambroise Dagne, her cousin; Jean
Baptiste Cailliot Lachanse; all her relatives and friends,
which parties by the advice and consent of their relatives
and friends herein named having knowledge of it, have
agreed to have made between them the agreement and
articles of marriage as follows, to wit:

The said Dame Therese Ste. Geme Beauvais promises to
give and deliver the said Miss Theresa Godin, her daugh-
ter, with her consent, to the said Mr. Pierre Menard who
promises to take her for his true and lawful wife and to
cause to be celebrated and solemnized the marriage in the
presence of our holy mother Church Catholic, Apostolic,
and Roman, the rather that doing so would be what one
of the parties would require of the other.

For to be, the said future husband and wife, one and the
same in all property personal and real increase and acqui-
sitions, present and future, without being held for the
debti?, the one for the other, made and incurred before the
celebration of the said marriage, and if any are found,
they shall be paid and discharged by him or her who shall
have made and incurred them and from his own property
without the other or his goods being at all held for the
same.

The said future husband and wife take each other with
their goods and rights actually belonging to each, such as
have come to them through inheritances or as gifts and
those that may fall due in the future in whatever sum they
may amount, and of whatever nature and value they may
be, and in whatever place they may be found located,
which shall become wholly in common from the day of the
marriage ceremony.

PIERRE MENARD TAPERS.

her mother;
f married the
olas Canada,
Marie Helene

cousin; Jean

> and friends,
their relatives
^e of it, have
Treement and

is promises to
in, her daugh-
Menard who
il wife and to
larriage in the
lie, Apostolic,
I be what one

e, one and the
se and acqui-

held for the
•ed before the
ny are found,

her who shall
own property
1 held for the

Lch other with

> each, such as
r as gifts and
ever sum they
alue they may
bund located,
the day of the

In consideration of which marriage the said future hus-
band has endowed and does endow the said future wife,
with a thousand livres of fixed dower paid at one time to
have and to take out of all the property of the said future
husband without being held to make demand for it in
court, to be enjoyed by the said future wife and her chil-
dren, according to the custom of Paris.

The marriage-settlement provision shall be equal and
reciprocal to the survivor of them to the amount of five
hundred livres to be taken by the said survivor in per-
sonal property from their common stock, or the said sum
in full in cash at the choice or option of the said survivor.

It shall be lawful for the said future wife, the said future
husband happening to be the first to die, herself and her
children to renounce the present community of goods, and
of it to retake and hold in renouncing it all she will be
able to prove she has contributed to it, with her dower and
marriage settlement provision such as it is hereinbefore
written free from all the debts of the common stock except
if she was bound for any of them, or had been impleaded
or adjudged to pay any of them, in which case she and her
children shall be indemnified by the parents of the said
future husband, and out of his property.

In consideration of which marriage and for the good
true affection which the said future partners feel the one
for the other, they have made and do make by these pres-
ents free gift pure and simple and for ever irrevocable, and
in the most binding form in which a gift can be made to
the last survivor of them, all and ever their property real
and personal increase and acquisitions which the first one
dying shall leave at the day and hour of decease to enjoy
by the last survivor in full property, and as to whatever
belongs to that one this present deed of gift is thus made
for life and upon the understanding that there is no living
child born or to be born of the said marriage; in which

■mr

EARLY ILLINOIS.

case of a child the said deed or gift will be wholly null, it
beiqg well understood that the property of the patrimonial
inheritance of the one and the other shall return to their
family.

And in order to place on record these presents at the
registry of this district in the aforesaid place at the date
of these presents, they have constituted their procurator
the bearer of these presents. For thus it has been agreed
upon. Promising, etc., undertaking, etc., renouncing, etc.
Done and decided in the house of the said Dame Therese
Ste. Geme Beauvais, widow of the late Michel Godin Tou-
rangeau at the said Kaskaskias, the year one thousand
seven hundred and ninety-two, and the thirteenth day of
the month of June, in the afternoon; the sixteenth year of
the Independence of the United States of America, in
the presence of the relations and of friends of whom
some have signed with the future husband and wife and
we the notary have subscribed and the others have made
their ordinary mark, after reading made according to the
ordinance. (Two witnesses in the margin are approved.)

Francois Janis.

Nicolas x' Canada.

mark

J. Bte. x' Lachanse.

mark

Pierre Menard.

Therreuese Godin,
ve Godin.

Pierre x' Bonneau.

mark
^ his

Pierre x Latulippe.

mark

Ambroise x' Dagnet.

mark

PIERRE MENARD PAPERS.

oily null, it
patrimonial
urn to their

>ents at the
at the date

procurator
)een agreed
uncing, etc.
me Therese
Godin Tou-
e thousand
mth day of
;nth year of
\merica, in
3 of whom
nd wife and

have made
ding to the

approved.)

kD.
ODIN,

s^NEAU.
rULIPPE.

Dagnet.

Pierre Menard's Commissions as Major of Militia:

Territory of the United States | Arthur St. Clair Esquire
• Northwest the River Ohio j Governor and Com-

mander in Chief of the Territory of the United States
North West the River Ohio. To Peter Menard Esquire:

You being appointed Major in the first Regiment of
Militia of the County of Randolph by Virtue of the Power
Vested in me I do by these presents Reposing Special
Trust and Confidence in your Loyalty Courage and good
Conduct, Commission You Accordingly. You are there-
fore carefully and diligently to discharge the duty of a
Major — in leading — ordering and exercising Said Militia
in Arms both Inferiour Officers and Soldiers and to keep
them in Good order and discipline. And they are hereby
Commanded to Obey you as their Major — and you your-
selfe to observe and follow Such Orders and Instructions
as you Shall from time to time receive from me or your
Superiour Officers.

Given under my hand and the Seal of the Said
Territory of the United States this fifth day of
October in the year of our Lord one thous seven hundred
and ninety-five and of the Independence of the United
States the twentieth. Ar. St. Cla^r.

[Endorsed:] Before me John Edgar Leut. Colonel Com-
mandant of the first Regt. of Militia of the County of
Randolph by Virtue of a Dcdimus Potcstatcm to me and
Lordner Clark directed or either of us Personly appeared
Peter Menard who being duly Sworn did take the oaths
prescribed by an \ct of the United States entitled an Act
to regulate the time and maner of administring certain
Oaths and the Oath of Office. In Witness Whereof I have
hereunto set my hand at Kaskaskias the 25. day of Octr.
1792.

[Seal]

■-86):

EARLY II.I-INOIS,

By John Gibson, ICsq'r, Secretary and now acting as Gov-
ernor and Commander in Chief of the Indiana
Territory:

United States, ) To Peter Menard, ICsq'r, of the County
Indiana Territory. J of Randolph, Greeting: —

You being Appointed a Major of a Regiment of tlie
Militia in said County. By Virtue of the power Vested
in me; I do by these presents, (reposing special Trust and
Confidence in your Loyalty; Courage and Good Conduct)
Commission you accordingly; You are therefore carefully
and diligently to discharge the duty of a Major in leading,
ordering, and exercising said Regiment in Arms, both
inferior officers and Soldiers; and to keep them in good
order and discipline; And they are hereby commanded to
obey you as their Major. And you are yourself to observe
and follow such orders and Instructions as you shall from
time to time receive from me or your Superior Officers: —

Given under my hand and the seal of said Terri-
tory, the first day of August in the Year of
our Lord one Thousand Eight hundred and of the Inde-
pendence of the United States of America, the Twenty-
fifth. J NO. Gibson.

[Endorsed:] Peter Menard, Esq'r, Major.

Before me, John Edgar, Lieut'-Colonel, Commandant of
the First Regiment of Militia of the County of Randolph,
by Virtue of a Dedimus Potestatan to me directed Person-
ally appeared Peter Menard who, being duly sworn, did
take the Oath prescribed by an Act of the United States
entituled an Act to regulate the time & manner of admin-
istering certain Oaths & the Oath of Office.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this
Tenth day of September in the Year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred. J. Edgar.

[Seal]

I'lERRE MENARD I'Al'ERS.

ig as Gov-
le Indiana

the County

lent of the
,vcr Vested
i Trust and
d Conduct)
re carefully

in leading,
\rms, both
;ni in good
imanded to
f to observe
I shall from

Officers: —

said Terri-
:he Year of
•f the Inde-
le Twenty-

GlIiSON.

mandant of
Randolph,

ted Person-
sworn, did

lited States

r of admin-

y hand this
r Lord one
[. Edgar.

Pierre Menard's Commission as Judge of the Courts

of Randolph County:

William Henry Harrison, Esq., Governor and Commander
in Chief of Indiana Territory,

. ,. ^ . (To Peter Menard, Esquire, of the

Indiana Territory, j ^ . ^ ,. , , , , „

^ y County of Randolph sends Greeting:

Know you that reposing Especial trust and confidence
in your abilities, integrity and judgement, I, the said William
Henry Harrison have appointed, and do by these presents
appoint and commission you, the said Peter Menard, to
be one of our Judges of the court of common pleas, in
and for our said County, hereby giving and granting unto
you full right and titlo to have and Execute all and singu-
lar the powers, Jurisdictions and authorities, and to recieve
and enjoy all and singular the Emoluments, of a Judge of
the court of common pleas, of a Judge of the Orphans Court,
and of a Justice of the Court of Quarter Sessions of the
peace in and for the county aforesaid agreeably to the
constitution of the laws of this Territory to have and to
hold this commission and the office hereby granted to you
so long as you shall behave yourself well.
r,^ ,^ Given under my hand and the seal of the Ter-

I iC3.ll

^ -• ritory at Vincennes this fifth day of February
in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and
one and of the Independence of the United States the
twenty fifth. By The Governor, J NO. GiBSON, Secretary.

[Endorsed:] Commission Peter Menard, P2sq.

Pierre Menard and John Edgar's Commissions as
Associate Judges Criminal Court, Randolph Co.:

Indiana ) William Henry Harrison Esquire, Gov-

Territory j ernor and Commander in Chief of the

Indiana Territory, to John Edgar and Peter Menard of
the County of Randolph Esquires, Greeting:

EARLY ILLINOIS.

Whereas we assigned the Honble. John Griffin P2sqr. one
of the Judges of the Supreme Court of the Indiana Terri-
tory, our Justice to enquire by the Oaths of Honest and
Lawful Men of the County of Randolph, by whom the
truth of the Matter may be better known, of all Treasons,
Insurrections and Rebellions, and of all Murders, Felonies,
Manslaughters, Burglaries, Rapes of Women, unlawfull
uttering of Words, unlawful assemblies. Misprisions, Con-
federacies, false allegations, Trespasses, Riots, Routs, Con-
tempts, falsities. Negligences, Concealements, Maintainces,
Opressions, deceits and all other Misdeeds, Offences &
Injuries whatsoever, and by whomsoever and howsoever
done, had or perpetrated and Committed, and by whom, to
whom, where, how and in what Manner the same have
been done, perpetrated or Committed and all and singular
the premises and every of then:" for this time to hear
and determine according to Law, and to cause to be
brought before him all the prisoners who shall be in the
Jail of the said County together with all and singular the
Warrants, attachments, Mittimuses, and other documents,
touching the said prisoners, and for this time to deliver
the Jail of the said County of all the prisoners in the said
Jail, for all and every of the said offences, according to
Law. And we have associated you the said John Edgar
and Peter Menard to act in the premises with the said
John Griffin. Yet so, that if at certain days and places,
which the same John Griffin shall appoint for this purpose,
you shall happen to be present, then that he admit you a
Companion, otherwise the said John Griffin (your presence
not Being expected) may proceed to act in the premises.
And therefore we command you and each of you that you
attend to act with the said John Griffin in form aforesaid
in the premises For we have Commanded the said John
Griffin the admit you as a Companion for this purpose as
aforesaid.

1 '''MP^

^«L.^M.MMiiiBlliMii

PIERRE MENARD PAPERS.

r^ jl Witness: William Henry Harrison Esquire Gov-
ernor and Commander of the Indiana Territory
at Vincennes this 24th September 1802 and of the Inde-
pendence of the United States the Twenty Seventh.
By the Governor. ^ f)

Jno. Gibson, yL/L^€Z^^/^<^22±^ /^-gyn^n^oy^^
Secrety. -— ^^

Indiana | William Henry Harrison Esquire Gov-

Territory j ernor of the Indiana Territory to the

Honble. John Griflfin Esqr. one of the Judges in and over
said Territory and John Edgar and Peter Menard Esquires
of the County of Randolph, Greeting:

Whereas, we have assigned you the aforesaid John Grif-
fin our Justice, to Inquire more fully by the Oaths of
Honest and lawful men of the County of Randolph, by
whom the Truth of the Matter may be Better known, of
all treasons. Insurrections and Rebellions, and of all Mur-
ders, Felonies, Manslaughter, Burglaries, Rapes of Women,
unlawful Uttering of Words, unlawful Assemblies, Mis-
prisons, Confederacies, Maintainances, Oppressions, deceits
and all other Misdeeds and offences and Injuries, whatso-
ever and by whomsoever, and howsoever done, had, per-
petrated or Committed and all and Singular the premises
and every or any of them for this time, to hear and deter-
mine according to Law. And afterwards associated the
said John Edgar and Peter Menard with you the aforesaid
John Griffin in the premises, We Command you, that if
You all cannot conveniently attend to act in the premises,
that you or any two of you, who shall happen to be pres-
ent, of which we will that you the said John Grifiin be
one, proceed to act in the premises according to Law.
IS n ^'t"^ss William Henry Harrison Esquire Gov-
ernor of the Indiana Territory at Vincennes this
Twenty Fourth day of September in the Year of our Lord

■■M

EARLY IIXINOIS.

one thousand eight hundred and two and of the Indepen-
dence of the United States the Twenty Seventh.

By the Governor, (sd) WiLLM. HENRY HARRISON.
Jxo. Gibson, Secrety.

Pierre Menard's Commission to take Testimony in

Land -Office Claims:

To Pierre Menard, Esquire

Reposing full Confidence in your Integrity, we hereby
appoint you a Commissioner to examine witnesses and
take Depositions within the County of Randolph, in sup-
port of Claims entered in the Registers Office of the Dis-
trict of Vincennes. Given under our Hands this 14th day
of December 1805. John Badollet

Nathl. C. Pring
Commissioner of the land office

for the District of Vincennes.

Pierre Menard's Commission as Judge of Court of
Common Pleas, Randolph County:

William Henry Harrison, Governor, and Commander in

Chief of the Indiana Territory, To Pierre Menard,

Esquire, of the County of Randolph, sends Greeting: —

Know you, That reposing special trust and confidence in

your integrity, judgment and abilities, I have appointed,

and by these presents I do appoint and commission you

the said Pierre Menard a Judge of the Court of Common

Pleas, in the said County of Randolph, hereby giving and

granting unto you, as judge of the common pleas, full

right and title to have and execute all and singular the

powers, jurisdictions and authorities, and to receive and

enjoy all and singular the lawful emoluments of a judge

'■^

■•«*i»aK«wii

PIERRE MENARD TAPERS.

le Indepen-

:h.

Harrison.

timony in

we hereby
nesses and
Iph, in sup-
of the Dis-
is 14th day
iT

id office
Vincennes.

' Court of

imander in
re Menard,
Greeting: —

)nfidence in

appointed,

nission you

)f Common

giving and

pleas, full

ingular the

'eceive and

of a judge

[Seal]

of die said court of common pleas: to have and to hold
this commission, and the office hereby granted to you, the
said Pierre Menard, so long as you shall behave yourself
well.

Given under my hand, and the seal of the said
territory, at Vincennes, this Twenty Seventh
day of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and Plve, of the independence of the United
States of America the thirtieth.

This Commission to be in force from and after the ist
day of January, 1806.

By the Governor's Command,

Jno. Gibson, Secrerary.

[Endorsed:] Peter Menards Commission as Judge of the
Court of Common pleas.

Indiana Territory ) , Before me, Michael Jones (duly
Randolph County J authorized to administer the oaths
of office to all officers civil & Military of said County, by
Dedimus potestatem from the Governor of said Territory
dated the third day of May 1806), personally appeared
Peter Menard Esquire, and took the oaths of office as
Judge of the Court of common pleas for said County as
required by law.

Given under my hand at Kaskaskia the eighteenth
day of July 1806.

Pierre Menard's Commission as Lieutenant -Colonel

of First Regiment Randolph County Militia,

under the Laws of Indiana Territory:

William Henry Harrison, Governor and Commander in
Chief of the Indiana Territory, to Pierre Menard,
Esq'r, Greeting: —
Reposing special trust and ccMi-fidence in your fidelity,

courage and good conduct, L h^ave appointed you a Lieu-

1 1

• » 4

1 . J - » I ) I ■

y 9 • I 5 ft k -• »

fc I 9 » ^ 5 'I 5 ,■

> , t 1' '• Of'

EARLY ILLINOIS.

tenant Colonel Commandant of the first regiment of the
Militia of the county of Randolph and you are hereby
appointed accordingly. You are therefore carefully and
diligently to discharge the duty of a Lieut. Colo. Commandt.
in leading, ordering and exercising the said regiment in
arms, both inferior officers and soldiers, and to keep them
in good order and discipline, and they are hereby com-
manded to obey you as their Lieutenant Colo. Commandt.
and your are yourself to observe and follow such orders
and instructions as you shall from time to time receive
from me or your superior officers.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto caused

'■ ^^ J the seal of the territory to be affixed, the

twelfth day of July in the year of our Lord one thousand

eight hundred and six and of the Independence of the

United States of America the thirty first.

WiLLM. Henry Harrison.
By the Governor's conimand,

J NO. Gibson, Secretary.
[Endorsed:]

Indiana Territory, ) Before me the subscriber (author-

Randolph County. ) ized by Dcdimus Potestatem

from the Governor of said Territory, dated the third day
of May, 1806, to administer the oaths of office to all offi-
cers civil and military of said county) personally appeared
Peter Menard Esquire, and tooi< the oaths of office as
Colonel of the first Regiment of Militia of Randolph
County as required by law. Given under my hand at
Kaskaskia the i8th day of July, 1806. Micil. JONES.

Pierre Menard's Commission as Captain of Infantry
in Louisiana Territory:

Meriwether Lewis, Governor and Commander in Chief
of the Territory nf Louisiana, to all who shall see
these presents, Greeting: —

• J I I I •

• I • •■

PIERRE MENARD PAPERS.

me receive

Harrison.

[Seal]

Know ye, that reposing special trust and confidence
in the patriotism, valour, fidelity and abitities of Peter
Menard I have appointed him a Captain of Infantry in a
Detachmt. of Militia, on special service he is therefore
carefully and diligently to discharge the duty of Captain
by doing and performing all manner of things hereunto
belonging, and I do strickly charge and require all Officers
and Soldiers, under his command to be obedient to his
orders as Captain and he is to obey such orders and direc-
tions from time to time, as he shall receive from me, or his
superior officers. This commission to continue in force
during the pleasure of the Governor of the Territory for
the time being.

In Testimony Whereof, I have caused the Seal

of the Territory t'^ Se hereunto affixed this

first day of April in the year of our Lord one thousand

eight hundred and nine and of the independence of the

United States the thirty third.

Meriwether Lewis.

By Frederick Bates,* Secretary

of the Territory of Louisiana.

[Endorsed:] Territory of Louisiana, &c.. Personally
appeared before me, the subscriber duly authorized to ad-
minister the several oaths to Office within the Territory
aforesaid, Peter Menard who took the Oath to Support

* Frederick Bates, third of seven sons of Thomas Fleming Bates, merchant,
was born at Belmont, Goodrich Co., Virginia, June 23, 1777; after receiving
a rudimentary education, was, when about seventeen, apprenticed to a court-
clerk, thereby supporting himself, by doing the practical duties of the place,
and studying law— intending, as was then the common practice in Virginia, to
go through the clerk's office to the bar. About 1795, he obtained employ-
ment in the quartermaster's department of the Army of the Northwest on the
frontier ; intending to return as soon as he was able to the study and practice
of his profession. He was stationed at Detroit but was often on business at
Mackinac and other posts. In a few years he acquired some capital as a
merchant but lost the greater portion of it by the fire of 1805— which was a

?Ba«£L3m£

^^PP

EARLY ILLINOIS.

the Constitution of the United States as well as the oath
faithfully to discharge the duties of a Captain of Militia
on special service to the best of his abilities, skill, and
judgment, and in conformity to the within Commission.

Given under my hand at St. Louis this i8th of May,
1809. TlIOS. F. RiDDICK.

Pierre Menard's Commission as Lieutenant -Colonel

of First Regiment Randolph County Militia,

under the Laws of Illinois Territory:

Nathaniel Pope, Secretary of the Illinois Territory, and
exercising as well the Government as Commander in
Chief of the Militia thereof, To all who shall see
these Presents, Greeting: —

Know ye, that reposing special trust and confidence in
the patriotism, valour, fidelity and abilities of Pierre
Menard I have appointed him Lieutenant Colonel of ist
Regiment of Militia of Randolph County he is therefore
carefully and diligently to, discharge the duty of Lieuten-
ant Colonel by doing and performing all manner of things
thereunto belonging, and I do strictly charge and require
all officers and .soldiers under his command to be obedient
to his orders as Lieutenant Colonel and he is to obey such
orders and directions from time to time, as he shall receive
from the Commander in Chief, or his superior officers.

lucky turn, as it forced him from a business that was unsuited to his taste and
talent. Having by this time acquired a large experience of frontier character
and business, he was about to enter the profession when in 1805 he was
appointed senior associate-judge of the territorial district and land commissioner
' i'resident Jefferson, who with his Secretary of State, James Madison, were
t.-r ^> :>f his family. In 1807, he was transferred to St. Louis, Upper Louisi-
p- . as secretary of the Territory and United -States recorder of land-titles;
i"'*-. ces he held many years — as secretary till the admission of Missouri
ill iS: ... and the recordership till 1824, when he was elected the second
governor of Missouri, and died in office Aug. 4, 1825. Edward Bates,
Lincoln's attorney-general, was his youngest brother. g. h. k.

PIERRE MENARD PAPERS.

This commission to continue in force during the pleas-
ure of the Governor of the territory, for the time being.

In Testimony Whereof, I have hereunto affixed
'- -' my private seal, there being no seal of office, at
Kaskaskia, the Sixth day of May, in the year of our Lord
one thousand eight hundred and nine and of the Indepen-
dence of the United States, the thirty-third. Nat Pope.

[Endorsed:] Lewtenaat Colo. P. Menard.

This day came before me the within named Piere Men-
ard and took an oath to support the Constitution of the
United States.

Kaskaskia May 26th 1809.

Pierre Menard's Commission as Indian Agent:

War Dept, April 2nd, 18 13.
Pierre Menard Esqr.

Sir — You are hereby with the approbation of the Presi-
dent of the United States appointed sub agent of Indian
affairs.

In discharging the duties of this appointment you will
be governed by such instructions as you shall receive from
this Department or from General William Clark, Agent of
Indian Affairs at St. Louis, M. Territory.

Your compensation will be at the rate of Six hundred
dollars per annum, to commence on the date of your enter-
ing upon the duties of this appointment.

re n Given at the War Office of the United States,
[SealJ

& thirteen.

this Second day of April, eighteen hundred

John Armstrong.

^ ■ iu<»>iiiiii ii-i. iinii'ii

EARLY ILLINOIS.

Lewis Cass and Pierre Menard's Commissions to
make Indian Treaties:

John Quincy Adams, President of the United States
of America, To all who shall see these presents^
Greeting: —

Know Ye, That in pursuance of the Act of Congress
passed on the twenty-fourth day of May, 1828; entitled
"An act to enable the President of the United States to
hold a treaty with the Chippewas, Ottawas, Pattawattimas,
Winnebagoes, Fox and Sacs Nations of Indians," and
reposing special Trust and Confidence in the Abilities,
Prudence and Fidelity of Lewis Cass of the Territory of
Michigan, and Pierre Menard of the State of Illinois, I
have nominated and by and with the advice and consent
of the Senate, do appoint them Commissioners of the
United States, with full power and authority to hold con-
ferences and to conclude and sign a treaty or treaties with
the Chippewas, Ottowas, Pattawattimas, Winnebagoes,
F'ox and Sacs Nations of Indians, of and concerning all
matters interesting to the United States, and the said
Nations of Indians, transmitting the same to the President
of the United States of America, for his final ratification
by and with the consent and advice of the Senate of the
United States. This commission to continue in force
during the pleasure of the President of the United States
for the time being.

In Testimony whereof, I have caused these Let-

[Seal]

ters to be made patent, and the Seal of the

United States to be hereunto affixed. Given under my
hand at the City of Washington, the twenty-fourth day of
May, A.D. 1828; and of the Independence of the United
States, the fifty-Second. J. Q. Adams.

By the President, H. Clay, Secretary of State.

''a

'icawft^"*

PIERRE MENARD PAPERS.

ions to

d States
presents^

Congress
; entitled
States to
ivattimas,
ms," and
Abilities,
rritory of
Illinois, I
i consent
s of the
hold con-
aties with
[lebagoes,
rning all
the said
President
itification
,te of the
in force
d States

lese Let-
il of the

nder my-
th day of

; United

DAMS.

Extracts from the Parish Registers of Saint Antoine
de Richelieu ou Chambly, Province de Quebec^
Comte de Vercheres, Canada:

RECORD OF MARRIAGE OF PIERRE MENARD'S PARENTS:

Le 14 Fevrier, 1763, J. Bte Menard dit Brindamour soldat
du regiment de Guienne, age de 28 ans, fils de feu J. Bte
Menard, et de Madelaine Reboulla ses pere et mere de la
paroisse de St. Hypolite Diocese d'Alis, epousa Marie
Fran9oise Cir^e, agee de 22 ans, fiUe de J. B'e Ciree dit
St. Michel, et de Marguerite Bonin, de cette paroisse,

(Translation:)

The fourteenth of February, 1763, J. Baptiste Menard,,
called Brindamour, soldier of the regiment of Guienne,
aged 28 years, son of the late J. Baptiste Menard and of
Madelaine Reboulla, his father and mother of the parish
of Saint Hypolite, diocese of Alis, married Marie Fran-
9oise Ciree, aged 22 years, daughter of J. Baptiste Ciree,
called ^aint Michel, and of Marguerite Bonin of this
parish.

RECORD OF THE BAPTISM OF PIERRE MENARD:

"L'an mil sept soixante et six le huit d' Octobre par
Nous pretre soussigne cure de cette paroisse a ete baptise
Pierre ne d' hier au soir du legitime mariage de Jean Bap-
tiste Menard dit Brindamour et de Marie Fran^oise Ciree
ditte St. Michel. Le perrain a ete Pierre Vandaridaigue
dit Gadbois, et la marraine Louise Ciree ditte St. Michel
tante de 1' enfant qui ont declare ne savoir signer.

J. B. Menard. Gervaise, P'tre."

(Translation:)

The year seventeen hundred and sixty-six, the eighth
of October, by us the undersigned priest, vicar of this
parish, was baptized Pierre, born yesterday evening of

EARLY ILLINOIS.

the legitimate marriage of Jean Baptiste Menard, called
Brindamour, and Marie Fran^oise Ciree, called St. Michel.
The godfather was Pierre Vandandaigue, called Gadbois,
and the godmother Louise Ciree, called St. Michel, aunt
of the infant, who have declared that they do not know
how to write.

J. B. Mknari). Gervais'", Priest.

Extracts from Parish Registers of the Church of the
Immaculate Conception at Kaskaskia, Illinois:

RECORD OF THE FIRST >L\RRIAGE OF PIERRE MENARD:

"L'an mil sept cent quatre vingt douze, le treize de

Juin apres av^oir donne dispense de trois bans de mariage

entre Pierre Menard fils legitime de Jean Menard et

iM'ancoise Cireey, natif de la paroisse de Saint Antoine

en Canada, Commer^ant de ce poste, et Therese Gaudin

Durangeau fille legitime de defunt Michel Gaudin dit

Durangeau, et Therese Raphael, native de cette paroisse,

ne s' etant decouvert aucun empechement, j' ai fe9U leur

consentement mutuel, et leur ai donne la Benediction

nuptiale selon les ceremoines de notre Sainte i;nere I'Eglise

Catholique et Romaine, et ce en presence des temoins et

leurs parents reciproques selon 1' ordonnance apres lecture

faits. De Saint Pierre,

Miss, apost.
JN. Edgar,

William St. Clair,

w. morrisson,

la marque

de + Nicholas Canada,

Elisabeth Maxwell."

Therese Godin,
Pierre Menard,
B. Tardiveau,

dan IS

Francois Janis,
Jeane St. Clair,

(Translation:)

The year seventeen hundred and ninety-two, the thir-
teenth of June, after having dispensed with the three

•-*■

.ui^i.

riERRE MENARD PAPERS.

bans of marriage between Pierre Menard, legitimate son
of Jean Menard and Francois Ciree, native of the parish
of Saint Antoine in Canada, trader at this post, and
Thcrese Gaudin Durangeau, legitimate daughter of the
deceased Michel Gaudin, called Durangeau, and Theresa
Raphael, native of this parish, not having discovered any
impediment, I have received their mutual consent, and
have given them the nuptial benediction according to the
ceremonies of our holy Mother the Catholic and Roman
Church, and in the presence of the witnesses and their
respective parents, according to the ordinance after read-

ing made.

By Saint Pierre,

Mission Apostolic.

RECORD OF THE BURIAL OF PIERRE MENARD:

"On the fourteenth of June, 1844, I the undersigned
]5uried the remains of Colonel Pierre Menard in his vault

in the graveyard of this Parish, thither he was

accompanied by an immense concourse of People.

"He died yesterday the at 1}^, having

previously received the last sacraments, he was 72 years
old.* J. M. I. St. CYR.t parish Priest."

* The blanks in the above entry represent words in the original entry
which can not now be deciphered. The statement of his age is manifestly
incorrect, and some one has scratched with a lead pencil the figure " 2 " in
the original entry and has written "6" over the "2", and has also written " 76"
in pencil over the " 72". This approximates to the truth, but Pierre Menard's
exact age at the time of his death, as shown by the register of his baptism,
w^as seventy-seven years, eight months, and six days. k. g. m.

t John Mary Ireneus St. Cyr, born in November, 1803, and educated in
France; ordained in St. Louis, April 6, 1833; arrived in Chicago, May i,
1833, ^"d became its first resident priest; organized its first congregation and
built its first Catholic church — southwest corner Lake and State Streets;
where he remained until 1837, when he returned to St. Louis; and died at
Carondolet, Mo., Feb. 21, 1884. — c. H. K.

■Hi

-.t---

|~lK5.i

.1 \

NOEL LE VASSEUR.

By Stephen R. Moore of Kankakee, Illinois.

AT a meeting of the Old Settlers' Association of Iro-
l\. quois County, held on the ground where Gurdon
S. Hubbard and Noel le Vasseur, in the service of the
American Fur-Company, had a stock of merchandise and
established a trading-post with the Pottawatomie Indians,
Mr. Hubbard said that he first visited this site in 1822.
Noel le Vasseur claimed to the writer of this sketch, that
he came to this place in 1820, and at one of the old
settlers' meetings, which he attended, I spoke for him
and made this statement, at his request, and he pointed
out the ground on the south side of the Iroquois River
where Mr. Hubbard and himself built the first dry-goods
store, in the territory tributary to Chicago.

It will be difficult to reconcile with exactness the dates
of the pioneer lives of Hubbard and Vasseur in their first
trading with the Indians in Illinois. I shall briefly give
the events and times as I gathered them from the lips
of Mr. Vasseur. It is possible that Hubbard may have
sent Vasseur to Illinois two years br7fore he went there.*
In this connection it is well to stale that Mr. Vasseur had
no educational advantages, and could neither read nor
write, and hence he relied wholly upon memory to fix
dates.

In a log-cabin at Saint Michel d' Yamaska, Canada, on
Christmas night, 1799, was born the subject of this memoir.

* Since writing the above, I am positively informed that Mr. Vasseur pre-
ceded Mr. Hubbard to Illinois two years, and is therefore the pioneer mer-
chant and trader for this part of the Northwest.— S. R. Moore, Mar. 5, 1889.

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iefly give
1 the Hps
nay have
It there.*
;seur had
read nor
ry to fix

anada, on
3 memoir.

Vasseur pre-
pioneer mer-
klar. 5, 1889.

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NOEL LE VASSEUR.

His parents were poor and unlettered. They commemo-
rated the event by calHng the boy Noel, which means
Christmas. He led a quiet and uneventful life on the
farm until May, 1817, when he astonished his parents by
announcing to them that he had entered the service of
one Rocheblave,* in company with eighty young men,
who were hired to go into the West to trade with the
Indians. His parents were startled at this unexpected
announcement, and sought to dissuade him from going.
The love of adventure was too strong for the parental
love and authority, and without a penny in money or a
change of clothing, in his seventeenth year, he sought his
fortune in the great and unknown West.

They left Montreal, May 15, 18 17, and embarked on the
St. Lawrence, with two years' supplies of food and cloth-
ing, destined to reach Mackinac. I do not think that
Vasseur knows the route followed to reach the Straits of
Mackinac. He was certain they did not come by way of
Niagara Falls. He said the company made two fatiguing
portages with their boats and supplies, and, after undergo-
ing very great hardships they reached Lake Huron and
again embarked for the Straits.f John Jacob Astor had
established a trading-post and depot of supplies at Macki-
nac, and when they reached there, in the summer of 18 17,
Rocheblave sold all his rights to the services of his men
and his outfit and supplies to the American Fur-Company,
and Vasseur and his companions passed into the service
of this powerful association.

These Canadian voyagcurs soon learned that all was not

* This is the name of the last governor of the Illinois under British
authority, who was in Canada and in trade after the war of the Revolution,
and it is possible that this is the same person or his son. — e. c. m.

t This party doubtless went up the Ottawa River to the Mattawan, by
this stream and a portage to Lake Nipissing, and thence down French River
to the Georgian Bay of Lake Huron, a route explored by Champlain in
1615, and often used by the early traders.— e. c. m.

wuf ——_

EARLY ILLINOIS.

gold that glittered. The labor was very severe and often-
times perilous, and the fare coarse and frequently scanty.
Vasseur's love of adventure was not satisfied; he had met
an Indian who told him of a beautiful land in the West
and the greatest river in the world, and he invited Vasseur
to go with him. Actuated by a spirit of adventure which
seems almost foolhardy, young Vasseur and a companion
left the service of the Fur Company, and in company with
their Indian friend, in a slight Indian canoe, started "to
go West." They followed the we.st shore of Lake Michi-
gan until it led them into Green Bay. They ascended
Fox River to where Portage City now stands, made the
portage, and embarked their little craft on the Wisconsin
River, on which they floated down to the present site of
Prairie-du-Chien. The Indians claimed they were the
first white men who had ever made the voyage over the
Fox and Wisconsin rivers.* Vasseur said he found the
Indians exceedingly friendly, and he became a great favor-
ite with the chief of the tribe. He taught the Indians
many useful things in fishing and hunting, and he accom-
panied them on their annual fall hunt, when they were
making provision for a winter supply.

When spring came, he concluded to return to Mackinac.
Here an unexpected obstacle presented itself. The Indian
chief refused to let him depart. He claimed to have
adopted him into his tribe. The outlook was not very
encouraging to a boy eighteen years old, and many thou-
sand miles away from home, and in a country that he knew
but little of Vasseur and his companion had learned
much of the Indian language, but the Indians had not
learned their language. While appearing to be willing to
remain, they were forming plans to get away, and in the
French tongue freely discussed the ways and means to
accomplish it.

* It is evident that the Indians were deceiving iheir young white friends,
or had never heard of Joliet and Marquette, and their successors.— E. (.. M.

f\ K

-U ~

NOEL LE VASSEUR.

They supplied themselves with some dried venison and
smoked coon meat, and seizing a favorable opportunity
they started on foot for Green Bay, following the course
of the Wisconsin and Fox rivers, and after many weary
days of travel they reached the bay, in an almost starved
and naked condition. The rivers abounded with fish, and
they were able to secure enough to keep them from starv-
ing. Fortunately a temporary camp had been established
at the mouth of Fox River by the American Fur-Com-
pany, and in this camp they were given shelter and pro-
visions, and sent to fur-company headquarters at Mackinac.
He went to work again for the company, and was em-
ployed in assorting and packing the furs for shipment
East. Frequently during this and the succeeding year he
was sent out to distant posts to trade with the Indians.
He had learned to talk with the Indians while at Prairie-
du-Chien, and this knowledge was valuable to the com-
pany, and gave Vasseur a wider field of operations. With-
out affirming it as a positive fact, it is my impression that
he met Gurdon S, Hubbard at Mackinac for the first time
in the fall of 1818, and this was the beginning of a friend-
ship very dear and an intimacy lasting as long as they
lived. Mr. Hubbard did not leave Montreal in the service
of the fur company until April, 18 18, and reached Macki-
nac, July 14, which was shortly before the time Vasseur
had returned from Prairie-du-Chien.

In 1820, the company determined to establish a trad-
ing-po.st in Illinois, with the Pottawatomies, a tribe that,
was reported to be very strong and very successful in
securing furs. In the winter of 18 19 or spring of 1820,
young Vasseur, under the direction of Gurdon S. Hubbard,
started around Lake Michigan, bound for the Illinois coun-
try, with an outfit of provisions and a stock of goods
suitable to trade with the Indians. He took with him
sufficient men to man the boats, and they followed the

■■

-jjrs^i^

■H

■•"•WW*"*-

EARLY ILLINOIS.

west shore of Lake Michigan until they reached Chicago.
They proceeded up the Chicago River as far as they could
go, and then made the portage to the Desplaines River,
and thence down that river to its junction with the Kan-
kakee. The descent to the Kankakee was easily accom-
plished. At this point the real hardship of the voyage
began. The water was high and the current very swift.
They had engaged an Indian guide before they reached
Chicago,

The Kankakee River was ascended partly by rowing,
sometimes by wading along the shore and dragging their
boats, or getting aU ig-side and pushing them. Frequently
but a few mde i;' ' be made in a day. When they
reached the Iroquois, the river was narrower and the cur-
rent less swifi, aial its ascent was not so difificult. In the
fall of 1820, they landed on the bank of the Iroquois
River, at the point where the Cincinnati, Indianapolis,
St. Louis & Chicago Railroad crosses the river. For
many years thereafter the place was called Bunkum. It
is now called Iroquois. As all roads now lead to Chicago,
then all trails led to this crossing on the Iroquois.

There was a trail running west and south from this
point, following the river to Spring Creek, and then up
the creek and westward toward where Paxton now stands.
Another trail went north and' east, following the sand
ridges west of Beaver Lake in Indiana, crossing the Kan-
kakee west of the .state line, and on northward to Lake
Michigan. Another trail led north and west, following
the Iroquois River to the Kankakee, and along the Kan-
kakee through Bourbonais' Grove; then to Rock Village,
the home of Yellow Head, an Indian chief; then to Hick-
ory Creek, in Will County; and then to the Desplaines
River, and on to Chicago. Another trail branched ofif at
Rock Village, going south and west near to where Ottawa
is. A trail went almost due south through Danville, and

NOEL LE VASSEUR.

then south to southern Illinois. The most important trail
ran south and east to the Wabash River, where was fought
the battle of Camp Tippecanoe. This point was in the
heart of the Pottawatomie country, and was well chosen
by the fur company, as an advantageous point to establish
a trading-post.

At the old settlers' meeting, heretofore referred to, Vas-
seur pointed out the exact spot on the south bank of the
river where they built their storehouse, which they com-
pleted and occupied before the cold weather set in, in the
fall of 1820. The Indians were very friendly to the white
men, and a very successful commerce was carried on. The
furs were assorted and packed, and for ten years or more
were carried to Chicago by the same route they had come.
As early as 1823 or 1824, they packed to Chicago on In-
dian ponies and returned with goods. From whatever time
Hubbard came to the Iroquois, Vasseur assisted him in
conducting the American Fur-Company's business in Illi-
nois. They feared no danger from the Indians. The white
traders could have been destroyed at any moment, but the
Indians looked upon the traders as their best friends.
Vasseur was never threatened by them but once.

In 1822, he went to Rock Village, on the Kankakee, to
open a trade with the Indians congregated there. The
Indians were in receipt of an indemnity from the general
government, and were supplied with gold and silver. He
took two men with him, and an outfit of merchandise and
two kegs of "life water," as it was called by the Indians.
This was his mistake, and it nearly cost him his life. He
is not the only person who has made a mistake in the use
of "life water." The Indians discovered he was supplied
with it, and refused to trade until they were given some
of this water. He had concealed the precious stuff in the
woods. The Indians refused to be comforted. The chief
approached him and said they had made a vow to the

.'"l^ ^- •Jfif^aBBiriffTin

EARLY ILLINOIS.

Great Spirit, which could not be broken, tl>at they would
buy nothing until he brought out the kegs.

Vasseur had to yield. They formed a circle around him
and praised his great qualities as a good friend, until they
drank the kegs empty, and all btcame magnificently drunk
and fiercely warlike. Yellow Mead, their chief, foresaw
the trouble that was coming, and helped Vasseur and his
companions pack up their goods and move a dozen miles
away before they camped for the night.

So well were the white traders liked, that Hubbard mar-
ried the daughter of one of the head men, in 1824. Her
name was Watseka. She was a very beautiful girl, with
features and form more like the Caucasian than the Indian,
Hubbard maintained wifely relations with her until he left
the service of the fur company, and went to Danville to
live. After Hubbard went away, Vasseur carried on the
business of Indian trader until the tribe removed West,
after the treaty of Camp Tippecanoe, in October, 1833.
Hubbard had an Indian divorce from Watseka when he
went away. The year following, Vasseur married her, and
she bore him three children.

Just what the ceremony of an Indian marriage and the
process of an Indian divorce was, I am not advised. But
it was all done in accordance with the customs of the
Indians, and was entirely satisfactory to their chief men.
Nor let it be inferred that Watseka held immoral rela-
tions with these men. She was a true woman, and faith-
ful to her husband while he remained her husband. And
she was equally faithful to Vasseur, and he ever spoke
kindly of her, and when he left her he gave her a large
fund amounting to several thousand dollars. A better
civilization would condemn such easy marriage and easy
divorce, but when I see how easy marriage and divorce are
made in Illinois, I do not think we have made the same
progress in this line as we have in commerce and trade

'f:

■ V

■mi^

^«p

NOEL LE VASSEUR.

since the days of Hubbard and Vasseur on the banks of
the Iroquois River.

Vasseur says that the Indians told him that formerly
game was very abundant on these prairies, and that great
droves of buffaloes made this valley their home. They
spoke of the Storm Spirit getting very angry at the In-
dians, and sending a great snowfall and very cold weather,
and this storm drove the buffaloes away, and they never
returned. He locates the time of the great storm between
1770 and 1780.

Vass'^ur made several trips to Mackinac, where he per-
sonally superintended the shipment of furs and the selec-
tion of goods suitable to the wants of his Indian friends.
He had learned the Indian language, and, with Hubbard,
was employed by the United-States commissioners as in-
terpreters in the negotiations of the treaty of Camp Tip-
pecanoe, conducted October 20, 1832, and ratified January
21, 1833.

By this treaty the United States received a magnificent
territory, and the Indians were induced to give up the
finest hunting and fishing ground that ever existed. The
Kankakee River and its tributaries and creeks abounded
with the mink, musk-rat, raccoon, otter, and beaver, while
the deer were as plenty as are now the horned cattle.
The river was the home of the salmon, black-bass, rock-
bass, and pickerel.

The two leading chiefs of the Pottawatomies were Sha-
bonee and Sha-wa-na-see, They were warm friends of
Hubbard and Vasseur, and were known to be the friends
of the white men. In the Black-Hawk war, the Sacs and
Foxes tried to form an alliance with the Pottawatomies,
and made two visits to Shabonee and Sha-wa-na-see to
induce them to join in the war, but it was of no avail.
There is no doubt that Hubbard and Vasseur had much
to do in influencing these chiefs. Had they joined Black

EARLY ILLINOIS.

Hawk, it is certain the contest would have been prolonged
and many lives would have been lost. The secret of their
great influence over the Indians was the fact that they
treated them fairly, gave them full value for their furs, and
under no circumstances would they ever deceive them.

By the treaty of Camp Tippecanoe, the Indian title was
extinguished to all that tract of land included within the
following boundary, t7^..- "Beginning at a point on Lake
Michigan, ten miles south of the mouth of the Chicago
River; thence in a direct line to a point on the Kankakee
River, ten miles above its mouth; thence down said river
and the Illinois River to the mouth of the Fox River,
being the boundary of a cession made by them in 1816;
thence with the southern boundary of the Indian territory
to the state line between Illinois and Indiana; thence
north with said line to Lake Michigan; thence with the
shores of Lake Michigan to the place of beginning."

For this magnificent domain, this government gave the
Indians an annuity of $15,000 for the term of twenty
years, and the further sum of $28,746 was applied to the
payment of certain claims, and $45,000 in merchandise to
be paid immediately, and $30,000 in merchandise was to
be paid them in Chicago in 1833. Inasmuch as the party
of the first part put its own price on the merchandise, and
Mr. Indian did not know the true value thereof, the mer-
chandise does not count for very much in this trade.

As a recognition of the friendly character of Indians
during the late war with the Sacs and Foxes, the treaty
contains this clause: "The said tribe [of Pottawatomies]
having been faithful allies of the United States during the
late contest with the Sacs and Foxes, in consideration
thereof the United States agree to permit them to hunt
and fish on the lands ceded, as also on the lands of the
government on Wabash and Sangamon rivers, so long as
the same shall remain the property of the United States."

:^l

NOEL LE VASSEUR.

rolonged
of their
lat they
furs, and
hem.
title was
ithin the
on Lake
Chicago
vankakee
5aid river
3X River,
in 1816;
I territory
i; thence
with the

ng-

gave the
of twenty
ied to the
handise to
ise was to
5 the party
indise, and
f, the mer-
•ade.

of Indians
, the treaty
awatomies]
during the
nsideration
im to hunt
ands of the
, so long as
:ed States."

Inasmuch as the poor Indian was*sent west of the Mis-
sissippi River the following year, and there were no bridges
acro;>s the river, and civilization had taken possession of
tlie state bordering the river, and it was quite unhealthy
ior an Indian to travel east ./ard, it is not perceived that
this clause was of much bene^t to the tribe.

A much more practical clause was placed in the treaty,
allowing them pay "for horses stolen from them during
the late war," wherein we find the cheapest horse stolen
by the United States "during the late war" was $40, and
the highest was $160, with a general average of about $80.
Since the United States had obtained the land so cheap,
they could afford to be liberal in making restitution for
stolen horses.

Among the moneys to be paid is an item of $5573 to
Gurdon S. Hubbard, and to Noel le Vasseur, $1800. Hub-
bard and Vasseur had rendered the government valuable
II services before and at the time of the Black-Hawk war.
They learned through Shabonee and Sha-wa-na-see the
plans of the hostile tribes, and Hubbard, in person, com-
manded a company of scouts, that went to the relief of
the settlements in LaSalle, and these payments were made
to them in compensation for such services, as well, also,
for acting as interpreters in the negotiation of the treaty.

Vasseur was appointed the agent of the United States
to remove the Indians to their reservation at Council
Bluffs, Iowa. This work was completed in 1836. Many
of them did not want to leave Illinois, and made many
objections thereto. Who can blame them .'' They had
sold their lands for a mess of pottage, and they knew it.
Vasseur accomplished this difficult uudertaking without
any acts of violence and to "the entire satisfaction of the
government. In the meantime he had made a purchase
of some land at Bourbonais Grove, where St.Viateur's
College now stands.

.^"'

EARLY ILLINOIS.

In 1837, he married* Miss Ruth Bull of Danville. She
died in i860. He had eight children by this marriage,
four boys and four girls. The oldest, Edward, was a mem-
ber of the Twelfth Illinois Cavalry, and died in the service;
George died in Memphis, in 1871, with yellow fever; Wil-
liam died while very small; and Alfred died in 1876. The
girls died after reaching woman's estate, except the young-
est, Mrs. Dr. Monast, who now lives in Chicago. Father
Perry, connected with the catholic bishop of Chicago, is
a grandson.

In 1861, Vasseur married Miss Elenore Franchere of
Chicago, who now survives. This remarkable man died
in 1879, at his home in Bourbonais Grove, in the eightieth
year of his age. He was a devout adherent to the tenets
of the catholic church, and lies buried in the church-yard,
but a few steps from where he made his home in 1837.

Mr. le Vasseur was a man of strong individuality. Had
he been an educated man, he would have been an explorer
of world-wide renown. His love of adventure was a born
passion. He knew no fear, had unbounded confidence in
himself, and overcame all obstacles. His success with the
savage men by whom he was surrounded lay in his integ-
rity and simplicity. He joined them in their hunts and
took part in their sports. He was a second William Penn,
but greater than Penn.

The friendship of Hubbard and Vasseur was knit to-
gether by the hardships they had endured, and was as
lasting as that of Jonathan and David, They died, carrying
to their graves the stories of many adventures and historical
facts, which are now forever sealed to us. The true lives
of these men in Mackinac and in Illinois will read to our
children more like a romance-than a reality. It is due to
history, it is due to these pioneer lives, that a complete
biography of Gurdon S. Hubbard and Noel le Vasseur
shall be written. The writer has only touched upon a few
points in the remarkable career of the latter.

LISTS OF EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.
By Edward G. Mason of Chicago.

SOME thirty years ago, or about the year 1858, VVm.
H. H. Terrell, afterward the secretary of the Histor-
ical Society of Indiana, purchased at Vincennes in that
State, fifteen manuscripts relating to the early history of
what is now the State of Illinois. From him these papers
were acquired in 1883 by the Chicago Historical Society,
and they proved upon examination to be of decided
interest and value. They comprise four lists of heads of
families in Kaskaskia, Cahokia, Prairie du Pont, TVairie
<'•' Rocher, and St. Philip in the Illinois country in or
ire the year 1783; three general returns or rolls of the
uiiiitia in the counties of Randolph and St. Clair in Illinois
Territory on August i, 1790, a list of the names of the
persons returned as entitled to the donation of 100 acres
of land for militia service in the counties of Randolph
and St. Clair; five rolls of militia companies at Kaskaskia
and in the county of St. Clair in the year 1790; a petition
of certain citizens of Vincennes, formerly of Kaskaskia,
concerning donation lands, dated October 26, 1797; and
an original proclamation with a duplicate in French, relat-
ing to public lands, dated at Kaskaskia, June 15, I779.
issued and signed by Col. John Todd, jr., civil governor
and commandant of the county of Illinois, commonwealth
of Virginia.

These documents are important as showing the names
of many of those residing in Illinois at the close of the
war of the Revolution, the probable white population of
that region in the last decade of the last century, and the

^i^^^

mmmtmiittk*

EARLY ILLINOIS.

beginnings of republican government there. "They have
another attraction in that they bear the autograph signa-
tures of some of the most prominent of the early citizens
of Illinois, of John Todd, jr., its first governor under the
authority of Virginia, and of the first governor of the
Northwest Territory, Gen. Arthur St. Clair, in whose chi-
rography one at least of these papers is written.

These lists of heads of families and militiamen were
prepared in order to secure the benefit of certain legisla-
tion originating with the Continental congress under the
Articles of Confederation. That body transacted but.
little business in the last year of its feeble existence, but
among its few acts during that period we find some
relating to what is now Illinois. The year after its adop-
tion of the great Ordinance of 1787, this congress had
before it a memorial of one George Morgan, and his
associates "respecting a tract of land iri the Illinois
country on the Mississippi." And on June 20, 1788, the
committee to whom this matter had been referred reported^
among otl ar things, resolutions that "separate tracts shall
be reserved for satisfying the claims of the ancient settlers "^
in the Illinois country, that "measures shall be immediately
taken for confirming in their possessio»is and titles, the
French and Canadian inhabitants and other settlers on
these lands, who on or before the year 1783, had professed
themselves citizens of the United States or any of them";
and that three additional reserved tracts shall be laid off
"adjoining the several villages, Kaskaskies, La Prairie du
Rochers and Kahokia," * * * "of such extent as shall
contain 400 acres for each of the families now living at
either of the villages of Kaskaskies, La Prairie du Roch-
ers, Kahokia, Fort Chartres, or St. Philips. The additional
reserved tract adjoining the village of the Kaskaskies shall
be for the heads of families in that village; the tract
adjoining La Prairie du Rochers for the heads of families

pmttr;;^^|VCBaBK.s^|

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

hey have
iph signa-
y citizens
ander the
)r of the
rhose chi-

nen were
n legisla-
mder the
cted but
tence, but
ind some

its adop-
gress had

and hi&
le Illinois

1788, the
i reported^
racts shall
t settlers "^
imediately
titles, the
lettlers on
i professed
of them";
be laid off
Prairie du
nt as shall
' living at
du Roch-
additional
iskies shall

the tract
Df families

in that village; and the tract adjoining Kahokia for the
heads of families in that village, as also for those at Ft
Chartres and St. Philips" and "that the governor of the
western territory be instructed to repair to the French
settlements on the Mississippi, at and above the Kaskas-
kies; that he examine the titles and possessions of the
settlers * * and that he take an account of the several
heads of families living within the reserved limits." * *
And congress resolved to agree to this report.*

On August 28, 1788, the Continental congress again
considered the Morgan memorial and resolved to change
the location of the three additional tracts of land to the
east side of a certain ridge of rocks instead of the west
side as provided in the act of June 20, j* and on August
29, it was resolved that measures be taken for confirming
in their possessions and tides the French and Canadian
inhabitants and other settlers at Post St. Vincents who
on or before the year 1783, had settled there and professed
themselves citizens of the United States or any of them ;
that 400 acres of land be reserved and given to every head
of a family of the above description, settled at Post St.
Vincents; and that the governor of the western territory
cause to be laid out a tract of land, adjoining Post St.
Vincents, sufficient for completing the above donations.
And the governor was instructed in the same resolution to
proceed without delay to the French settlements on the
Mississippi in order to give dispatch to the several measures
to be taken according to the acts of June 20 and August

28, 1788, to report the whole of his proceedings to con-
gress, and to take Post St. Vincents on his return and pur-
sue the measures directed to be taken by the act of Aug.

29, and report his proceedings accordingly. | These were
among the latest proceedings of the congress of the con-

* Journals of Congress (of the Confederation), XIII. 30-32.
+ lb, p. 90. t lb. pp. 91, 92.

mz:

mk.

^m^.,::^^

EARLY ILLINOIS.

federation which transacted its final piece of business
October lO, 1788, and expired November i, of that year
for the want of a quorum * Arthur St. Clair, governor of
the Northwest Territory pursuant to the last -mentioned
resolution, and also in obedience to the instructions of
President Washington of October 6, i/SQ.-f- set out for
Kaskaskia, and arrived there March 5, 1790. J On March
7, he issued a proclamation calling on the inhabitants to
prove claims as provided for in the act of congress of
June 20, 1788, and he directed measures to be taken to
confirm the titles of the inhabitants who had professed
themselves citizens of the United States, and to lay off
the tracts of land to furnish the 400-acre donations pro-
vided for in said act. On April 5, the governor visited
Cahokia for the same purpose, stopping at Fort Chartres
and Prairie du Rocher by the way, and appointed militia
and other officers, and embarked at Kaskaskia on his
return journey on June 1 1.§

It appeared from his report and that of Winthrop Sar-
gent, the secretary of the Northwest Territory, j| that
further legislation was needed, and on March 3, 1791,
the congress of the United States passed "an act for
granting lands to the inhabitants and settlers at Vin-
cennes and the Illinois country in the territory northwest
of the Ohio, and for confirming them in their possessions."
This provided among other things, that 400 acres of land
should be given to each of those persons who in 1783,
were heads of families at Vincennes or in the Illinois
country on the Mississippi, and who had since removed
from one of said places to the other, and that heads of

* lb. 126-7. t " St. Clair Papers," II. 125.

t Governor St. Clair's Report to President Washington of official Proceed-
ings in the Illinois Country, "St. Clair Papers," II. 164.
§ lb. pp. 165, 166, 169, 179.
11 Ibid and "American State Papers. Public Lands," I. 5-16.

.^V

l»rw

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

icial Proceed-

families at either of said places in 1783, who afterward
removed without the limits of the territory were notwith-
standing entitled to the donation of 400 acres of land pro-
vided by the act of congress of August 29, 1788, and
also to the lands allotted to them before 1783 according
to the laws and usages of the government under which
they had settled. This act also gave 400 acres of land to
each person who had not obtained any donation of land
from the United States, and who on August 7, 1790, was
enrolled in the militia at Vincennes or in the Illinois
country, and done militia duty. And it once more changed
the location of the three additional tracts of land set
aside for donations, and directed them to be laid out as at
first provided in the act of June 20, 1785.*

It was to obtain the gifts of 400 acres of land to heads
of families, and of 100 acres to those enrolled in the
militia, provided for by one or more of these various acts,
that the lists before us were compiled. Governor St. Clair
revisited the Illinois country in the fall of 1795, and, as
we learn from two of these militia rolls, he was at Caho-
kia, September 28, and at Kaskaskia, October 4, of that
year. The list of Capt. James Piggott's company at the
former place, and of Capt. John Edgar and Capt. Fran9ois
Janis' companies at the latter place were sworn to before
him on these dates, respectively. In his report of official
proceedings in the Illinois country at this time, made to the
secretary of state in 1796, Gov. St. Clair says — that the
donations to the heads of families were not yet laid out,
although ordered in 1790, owing to the lack of a surveyor,
the poverty of the people who had no means to cultivate
new lands, and doubt as to the proper party to issue the
patents. But as to the donations to those enrolled in the
militia he had no difficulty, and had ordered these to be
laid out, and enclosed a list of the persons entitled.f It

* " U.-S. Statutes at Large," I, 221. t "St. Clair Papers," II, 398, 400.

..■v^-.i^jE.'ia

^^•SKSts^ifi A» »*•■

EARLY ILLINOIS.

is probable that at this time he prepared the list of names
of the persons returned as entitled to the donation of 100
acres of land for militia services in the counties of Ran-
dolph and St. Clair, among the documents in question,
which is without date or signature, but bears an endorse-
ment stating it to be the handwriting of Gov. St. Clair.
All of these documents seem to be originals, doubtless
once preserved in the archives of the Northwest Territory,
and then scattered abroad by accident or official careless-
ness.

And three of these papers are in the handwriting of
John Rice Jones, the earliest and ablest lawyer in the
Northwest Territory. Those which he wrote are: i. "The
List of the Heads of Families in Kaskaskia on or before
the year one thousand seven hundred and eighty three and
who professed themselves citizens of the State of Virginia;"

2. "List of the Inhabitants of Prairie du Rocher and St.
Philips who were heads of families therein on or before
the year one thousand seven hundred and eighty three;"

3. "General Return of the Militia enrolled In the (now)
County of St. Clair on the first day of August one thou-
sand seven hundrea and ninety." Accompanying these
three documents, when they came into the possession of
the Chicago Historical Society, was a memorandum stat-
ing them to be in the handwriting of John Rice Jones, and
they have since been submitted to his only surviving son,
Hon. George W, Jones, formerly United - States senator
from Iowa, now residing at Dubuque in that State, who
was born at Vincennes, Indiana, April 12, 1804. He has
indorsed upon each of the lists last above named, a state-
ment subscribed by him. that it is the handwriting of his
deceased father, Hon. John Rice Jones.

.; »

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

LIST^ of the Heads of Families in Kaskaskia on or
before the year one thousand seven hundred and
eighty three, and who had professed themselves Citizens
of the State of Virginia:

[For convenience in reference these names have been arranged alphabetically.]

Domitilde Alary, widow.

^rjohn Allison.

Jean Andre.

Antoine Antaya, Senior.

Antoine Antaya, Junior.

Michel Antaya.

<7Antoine Arkouet.

*Mathais Barker.

Francois Barrois.

Blaize Barutel.

Joseph Baugi.

Antoine Bauvais.

rtjean Bap. St. Gem Bauvais.

Marie Louise Bauvais, widow.

rtVital Bauvais.

Tean Beaudoin,

Alexis Beauvais.

Bellow.

*Thomas Bentley^
Antoine Bienvenu, Senior.
Antoine Bienvenu, Junior.
Daniel Blouin.^
Shadrach Bond.*
rtjoseph Bonvouloir.
^Richard Brashears.
^Tobias Brashears.
]-,ouis Brazot.
izWilliam Brocus.
Anthoine Buyat.
Louis Buyat.
Benjamin Joseph Byram.
rtfPierre Cailloux.

[a "Removed into foreign parts."] [* Americans.]

[^ This list is written on eight pages of old, laid paper, water-marked
"J. S, O. G. " It is indorsed "List of the Heads of Families in Kaskaskia
on or before 1783." The list, note, and affidavit are all in the same hand-
writing, which is stated in a pencil memorandum to be that of John Rice
Jones. And this document now bears the further indorsement : " The within
lists are in the handwriting of my deceased father, Hon. John Rice Jones, who
died at St. Louis, Missouri, on the 1st of Feb'y, 1824, he being at that time
a justice of the supreme court of the State of Missouri. Dated at Dubuque,
Iowa, this 8th day of Feb'y, 1889. Geo. W. Jones."]

[^ A trader at Kaskaskia who incurred the enmity of Rocheblave, and was
by his orders arrested and sent to Canada, whence he escaped. A voluminous
correspondence concerning this matter preserved in the " Haldimand Papers. "]

[* A man of ability and much influence among the French inhabitants of
the Illinois. As their representative, he petitioned the British crown for a
better form of government.]

[* One of Clark's soldiers in his expedition to the Illinois.]

t 1

EARLY ILLINOIS.

rrGeorge Camp.^ Marie Louise Delisle, widow,

^rlchabod Canip.^ *Timothe Demumbrun.-

Nicholas Canada. [neax. rtPaul Deruisseau.

Louis Pierre Francois Carbon- ^ilsrael Dodge.

(jMartin Carney.
Antoine Cassou.
Catherine Cassou, widow.
Charles Charleville.
Francois Charleville.
Joseph Chauvin Charleville.
Louis Charleville.

rtjohn Dodge. ^
^Alexander Douglas.
Arcange Doza, widow.
Joseph Doza.
Francois Drouard.
William Drury.
John McEl Duff.3

<i;Marie Louise Charleville, widow ^Charles Dulude.

Francois Charpantier.
Antoine Chenier.
Arcange Chenier, widow.
*John Clark.
Lardner Clark.
Jacques Conand.
Francois Corset.
Jean Baptiste Creli.
§Jerome Creli.
(ifPierre Cure'.
James Curry.^
Jerome Danis.
Michel Danis, Senior.
Michel Danis.
Charles Dany.
Charles Delisle.
Jean Baptiste Delisle.
Louis Delisle.

Peter Dumont.

Catherine Duplasi, widow.

Joseph Dupuy.

Andre Fagot.

* Daniel Flanary, Junior.

^Elijah — Flanary.

*Thomas Flanary.

Marie Rose Fortin, widow.

Amable Gagne.

Joseph Gagne.

Marie Gagnon, widow.

John Baptiste Gandron.
James Garretson.
Louis Germin.
Charles Gill.
Ambroise Glinel.
Thereze Godin, widow.*

i 1

Jacob Grotz.

[1 One of Clark's soldiers in his expedition to the Illinois.]

[=* Successor of John Todd, Jun'r, as county lieutenant or governor of Illi-
nois under Virginia.] [§] To receive Don[ation at] Vincennes.

[" The leader of the party of hunters met at Fort Massac by George Rogers
Clark on his way to the Illinois, and who gave him the latest news from
Kaskaskia.]

[* Mother of Fierre Menard's first wife. The same person described in other
lists as the widow Tourangeau, the latter name being a soubriquet of her
deceased husband, Michel Godin.]

f\\

mmmmi..

<^-t^

,..„;w-

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

e, widow.

* Samuel Handley.

Catherine Lasource, widow. +

■un.2

"'John Harry.

Helen Lasource, widow. +

* David Hicks.

IJacque Lasource.

Alexander Hilaire.

Ambroise Lavigne.

*John Holloway.

Antoine Lavigne.

(?Thomas Hughes. ^

Claude Lemieux.

Jean Baptiste Janis.

<?Nicholas Levasseur.

Nicholas Janis.^

rtiStanislas Levasseur.

Guy Jarrad.

Joseph Libberville.

+ Jodouin, widow.

Joseph Lonval.

Patrick Kennedy.^

Louis Lonval.

*James Kincaid.

<?Joseph Maisonville.

Elizabeth Labiche.

Joseph Marrois.

ividow.

Raymond Normand Labriere.

* Mayfield.

(zNicholas LaChance,

Senior.

*John — McCormick.

nior.

widow.

•n, widow,
ron.

)w.-

ivernor of Illi-
Vincennes.
jeorge Rogers
;st news from

:ribed in other
brujuet of her

Nicholas LaChance, Junior. (?Alexander McLosky,
Marie Louise LaChapell, widow. Archibald McNabb.

Charles LaChapelle.
Pierre LaCoste.
Baptiste Laderoute.
rtjean Baptiste Laffont.
Alexander Lalande.
Pierre Langlois.
Alexis Laplante.
Jean Larue.
+ Baptiste Lasource.

Jacques Mercier.

Joseph Miault.

Magdalen Angelique Miot, widow.

*John Montgomery.^

Jean Baptiste Montreuil.

James Moore. ^

Joseph Morejisi.

dtAntoine Morin.

*James Morris. »

[^ One of Clark's soldiers in his expedition to the Illinois,]
[^ Nicholas Janis was appointed, by Col. John Todd, Jr., captain of the first
company of the militia of Kaskaskia, May 14, 1779.]

[^ Author of a journal of an expedition in the year 1772 from Kaskaskias
village in the Illinois country to the head-waters of the Illinois River. It is
printed as an appendix to the third edition of Imlay's " Topographical Descrip-
tion of the Western Territory of North America," published in London, 1797.]

[+] Error, in Prairie du Rocher list.

[X] These persons supposed by Col. [Winthrop] S [argent ?] to have died
before the Country came into the possession of Virginia or the U. States &
that their widow's names are inserted on the opposite page [63]— a cross
against their names — they can't all be entitled.

^MBI^i'J^B

I iiinfiVii

EARLY ILLINOIS.

J ?'l

*Daniel Murray.

/zElijah Nelson.

Gabriel Obuchon, Senior.

Henry O'Hara.

James Orr.

David Pagan. ^

Etienne Page.

Joseph Page.

Jean Baptiste Perrin.

Pierre Picard.

James Piggot.^

* Windsor Pipps.

* Peter Pressley.
Pierre Provot.
Marie Racine, widow.
Elizabeth Raine, widow.
Paul Reaume.
Antoine Renaud.-
Charles Renoue.
Henry Richard.
Joseph Richard.
Pierre Richard.
tCharles Robin.

Mary Rocheblave.
Philip Rocheblave.*^

Larkin Rutherford.^

Catherine Sanba.

*Henry Smith.

Nicholas Smith.

Jean Baptiste St. Onge.

Francois Derousse St. Pierre.

Michael Derousse St. Pierre.

Jean Baptiste Taumur.

Marie Anne Taumur. +

Joseph Tellier.

Jacques Thuillier,

Jean Baptiste Tomur, Sen'r.

Francoise Tonton.^

Joseph Toulouse.

* Trentham.

* Charles Valle.

rtiLouis Villaret.

James Watts.

*Heaton [Haydon] Wells.

rt-James Wiley.

rtjohn W'illiams.

Richard Winston's Widow.

Charles Woods.

*William Wykoff.

* , his son in law.

N. B, Those marked with asterisks thus * are Ameri-
cans and the whole as is now believed now residing in
the United States. The Heir at law of Charles Valle one
so marked was brought up at Vincennes and now is and
for some years past has been at Dickenson CoUedge in
Carlisle in the State of Pennsilvania. None of them have

[^ One of Clark's soldiers in his expedition to the Illinois.]
[-] To receive l)on[atioij at] Vincennes.

[* The last British governor of the Illinois; taken prisoner by Clark.]
[+] This is the same situation of liapt. iV Jacque Lasource, there is a +
opposite the widow, her name is Marie Ann Taumur, widow.

TBSSrBCBWJ

^ -•'

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

claimed their Donation Lands, except an application made
on Behalf of Mr. Valle's heir at law.

Territory of the United States north west of the Ohio,
Randolph County, ss.

Be it remembered that on the twenty- third day of
September one thousand seven hundred and ninety seven
before us the Subscribers two of the Justices of the peace
of the said County personally came Louis Pierre Francois
Carbonneaux Esquire notary public at Kaskaskia in the
said County and Jean Baptiste Gendron of the same who
made oath according to Law and say that they have been
Settlers and Inhabitants of the village of Kaskaskia afore-
said for upwards of thirty years last past, and that the
persons whose names are contained on the left side of the
foregoing six pages were Settlers and Heads of families
in Kaskaskia aforesaid on or before the said year one
thousand seven hundred and eighty three and had pro-
fessed themselves Citizens of the State of Virginia And
that those persons whose names are contained on the right
hand side[*] of each said Page have since removed into for-
eign parts and have not by themselves or Heirs returned
into Kaskaskia aforesaid to the Knowledge of these Depo-
nents on or before the third day of March one thousand
seven hundred and ninety six.

Sworn the Day and year )
above mentioned Before us I Carbonneaux

JN. Edgar

Wm. Morrison The mark of

Jean Baptiste Gendron

[* In the foregoing list these are indicated by an a.]

EARLY ILLINOIS.

LIST* of the Inhabitants of Prairie du Rocher and St.
Philips who were heads of families therein on or
before the year one thousand sevtn hundred and eighty
three:

Charles Aime. Pierre Degagne.

Pierre Allard. Louis Levasseur D'Espagne.

Mary Louise Aubuchon, widow. Josette Dilailite, widow.
Jean Baptiste Barbau, Senior. t Gabriel Docochi.
Jean Baptiste Barbau, Junr. Antoine Domingue.

Louis Uore'.

Clement Drury.

William Drury.

Jean [Baptiste erased] Dumartin.

Joseph Bellecour.
Joseph Blay.
Francois Bousseau.
Jacque Bouteillet.

Charles Cadron, called St. Pierre. Jean Flandre.

Francois Camus.
Pierre Chevalier.
Margaret Cochon, widow.
John Cochran.
Ayme Comte, Senior.
Antoine Cotinauet.
Elizabeth Cotinault, widow.
Joseph Crely.
Jean Baptiste Damour.
Joseph De^elle.

Degagne, widow.
Jacque Degagne.
Jean Baptiste Degagne.

Pierre Gibault.:}:

Girardot, widow.
Henry Golding.
Nathaniel Hull.
Jean Baptiste Jacquemin.
William Jean.

Jodouin, widow:
Lawrence Kenyon.
Jean L'Allemand.
Marie Labrosse, widow.
Charles Laforme.
Thereze Lajoie, widow.

Gerard Langlois.

* This list is written upon three pages of a sheet of paper similar to that
of the last mentioned list, and is wholly in the handwriting of John Rice
Jones, as appears from the certificate of his son, Hon. Geo. W. Jones, now
appended thereto. It is indorsed "List of heads of families in Prairie du
Rocher and St. Phillip on or before 1 783. "

t Appointed commandant of Prairie du Rocher and captain of the militia,
May 17, 1779, by John Todd; and later, elected one of the judges of the
court of Cahokia by the people. In 1790, he was chief-justice of the court
for the judicial district of Prairie du Rocher.

* Priest at Kaskaskia from 1768 to 1783, and rendered efficient service to
George Rogers Clark.

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

Pierre Laroche.
Jacques Lasablonier.
Louis Lassonde.
Joseph Lavoie.

Lemay.
Antoine Louvier, Senior.
Antoine Louviere, Junior.
Pierre Louviere.

Marechal, widow.

Catherine Perier, widow.
Charles Renoux.
Jean Baptiste Richard.
Catherine Ryan, widow.
Josiah Ryan.
Catherine Tangue, widow.
Joseph Tangue, Senior.
Joseph Tangue'.
Francois Thibault.

Territory of the United States north west of the Ohio,
Randolph County, ss.

Be it remembered that on the twenty fifth Day of
September one thousand seven hundred and ninety seven
before us the subscribers two of the Justices of the peace
of the said County personally came Jean Baptiste Barbau
the elder of Prairie du Rocher Esquire and Jean Baptiste
Barbau the younger of the same Esquire who made oath
according to Law that the several persons whose names
are contained on the two sides of this sheet of paper were
the heads of families in Prairie du Rocher and St. Philips
aforesaid on or before the year one thousand seven hun-
dred and eighty three.

Sworn the day and year above ) Barbau.

mentioned— Before us— I Barbau, fils.

Jn. Edgar.
Wm. Morrison.

List* of the Heads of Families in Cahokia and its envi-
rons in the Illinois Country in the year One Thousand
Seven Hundred and Eighty Three, viz:
Clement Allary. Jean Bap: Allary.

* This list was written on a sheet of laid paper, 15 x 18 inches, has water-
marked crown, date, 1794, and the letters G. R. partly cut off. It is endorsed
" Lists of Heads of Families in St. Clair County. "

'h\

iiiilii^i^Hiiiiril

EARLY ILLINOIS.

Marie, widow of Jos: Allary.
Laurent Amelin.
Joseph Andrews.

Ardouin.

Gabriel Barron.
Jean Bap: Barron.
Widow Beaulieu.
Joseph Beguiere.
Isabel Bequet, widow.
Jean Bap: Bergeron.
William Biggs.
Joseph Bissonet.
Widow of George Blin.
Jean Bap: Boisverd.
Joseph Boisverd.
Rene Bouvet.
Antoine Boyer.
Thomas Brady.
Charle Butteau, Senr.
Joseph Butteau.
Widow Cabassier.
Joseph Cecire.
Catherine Chartran.
Mary, widow Chartran.
Louis Chatel.
Francois Chevalier.
Mary Crow, widow.
Joseph Deloge alias Poirier.
Louis De Longchamps.
Jean D'Hay.
Jean Marie Dorion.
Jean Bap: DuEuque.
Charle Ducharme.
Bartholomew Dumas.
Jean Bap: Dumay.
Pierre DurBois, Senr.
Joseph Dutremble.

Phillip Engel.

Raphael Gagnie.

Louis Gagnion.

Pierre Gatien.

Louis Gaud.

Charle Germain.

Francois Geronie.

Phillip Gervais.

Antoine Girardin.

Michel Girardin.

Pierre Guittard.

Antoine Harmand.

Joseph La Buxiere.

Antoine La Course.

Joseph La Couture.

Charle La Croix.

Pierre La Fleur.

Michel La Gaudmiere.

Michel La Grave.

Joseph Lambert.

Joseph La Lancete.

Catherine Langlois, widow.

Jean La Penst^e.

Joseph La Pen see.

Marianne Le Boeuf, widow.

Louis Le Brun.

Louis Le Compte.

Charle Le Fevre.

Francois Le Fevre alias Courier,

Senr.
Jean Marie Le Fevre.
Mary Louise Le May, alias

Theophile.
Joseph Le Page or his Heirs.
Leon Le Page.
Isaac Levy.
Rene Locat.

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

Francois Longval, Serir.
Mary Jeane Loisie, Widow.
Pierre Martin.
Jean Bap: Mercier.
Mary, widow Mercier.
Mary Moony, widow.
Jean Bap: Mulote.
The'rese Pancrasse.
Joseph Pelletier.
Michel Pelletier alias Antaya.
Jean Bap: Perio.
I;Ouis Pilet.
Paul Poupard.

Widow Rassette.
Pierre Roy alias Cadien.
Francois Saucier.
Jean Bap: Saucier.
Mathieu Saucier.
Alexis Tabeau.
Francois Trotier, Senr.
Louis Trotier.
Francois Turgeon.
Widow Turgeon.
Joseph Vaudry.
Widow Wattape.
Peter Zippe.

Personally appeared before me, William St. Clair, duly
authorized by His Excellency the Governor of the Terri-
tory to take proof of those persons who were Heads of
Families at Cahokia and its environs in the Illinois Country
in the year One Thousand Seven Hundred and Eighty
Three, Jean Bap: Du Buque, Jean Bap: Saucier, Esquires,
and Charle Ducharme, ancient Inhabitants of Cahokia,
who severally made Oath that the persons on the foregoing
List were Heads of Families in the Illinois Country in the
year One Thousand Seven Hundred and Eighty Three.
In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my Hand at
Cahokia, this Thirtieth day of September, 1797.

William St. Clair.

List* of the Heads of Famileys in Cahokia and. its Envi-
rons in t J year One thousand Seven hundred and Eighty

thiee:

This list is written on a sheet of laid paper, 13X.ISH inches, with a
water-marked crown ar date, 1 794, and is similar to the paper of the pre-
ceding list, but of a dirterent make; is in another's handwriting, hurriedly
written, probably before, as it has not so many names and is without certifi-
cate or endorsement. — G. u. F.

EARLY ILLINOIS.

Clement Allary.

Jean lUpt. Allary.

Joseph Allary.

Lawrent Amelin. ^

Joseph Andrews.

Gabriel Barron.

Jean Bte. Barron.

Widow Beaulieu.

Joseph Beguiere.

Isabel Beqiiet, Widow.

Jean Bte. Bergeron.

William Biggs.

Joseph Bissonet.

Widow of George Blin.

Joseph BoisVerre.

Rene Bouvet.

Ante. Boyer.

Thomas Brady.

Joseph Buteau.

Widow Cabassier, or Heirs.

Joseph Cecire.

CatheririC Chartran, Widow.

Jean Bapt. Chartran or Heirs.

Louis Chattelle.

Francois Chevalier.

Mary Crow, Widow.

Jean De Hay.

Joseph Deloge.

Louis r elongchamp.

Jean Marie Dorion.

Jean Baptist Dubuque.

Charles Ducharme.

Bartholomew Dumay.

Jean Bapt. Dumay.

Piere Durebois, Senr.

Joseph Dutremble.

Phillip Engel.

Louis Gagnion.
Raphael Gagnion.
Piere Gatien.
Louis Gaud.
Charles Germain.
Fancois Gerome.
Phillip Gervais.
Antoine Girardin.

Ardoin [the Heirs of. erased].
Michel Girardin.
Pierre Guittar.
Ante. Harmand.
Joseph Labuxier.
Antoine Lacourse.
Joseph Lacouture.
Charles Lacroix.
Piere Lafleur.
Michel LaGaudiniere.
Antoine La Marche.
Joseph Lambert.
Joseph La lancet.
CatI ?rine Langlois, Widow.
Jean Lapence.
Joseph Lapence.
Marianne Le beuf, Widow.
Louis Lebrun.
Louis LeCompte.
Jean Bapte, Le Croix.
Charles Lefevre.
Fraiicois Lefevre alias Courier.
Jean Marie Lefevre.
Michel Le Grave.
Marie Louise Lemay dit The-

ophile.
Leon Le page.
Isaac Levi.
Renne Locat.

V '

H. i

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

Marie Jean Loize.

Francois Longvall, senr.

Joseph L'page or his heirs.

Piere ^.lartin.

Jean Bapte. Mercier.

Mary Moony, Widow.

Jean Bapte. Mullote.

Therese pancrass, Widow.

Joseph Peletier.

Michel Peletier alias Antaya.

Jean Bapt. Perio.

Louis Pilet.

Paul Poupard.

Widow Rassett.
Piere Roy alias Cadien.
Francois Saucier.
Jean Bapt. Saucier.
Matthew Saucier.
Alexis Tabeaux.
Francois Trotier, Senr.
Louis Trotier.
Francois Turgeon.
VV^idow Turgeon.
Joseph Vaudi-y.
Widow Watspp.
Peter Zippe.

List* of the Heads of Families at Cahokia, Prairie
dupont, and the Americane Setlements of the present
County of St. Clair and who were heads of Families in the
year 1783 — viz:

Clement Allari. * Widow Beaulieu.t

Jean Baptiste Allari. Heirs of Belew.

Widow of Joseph Allari. Heirs of Jean Bapt. Bequet.

Lawrent Amelin. Jean Baptist Bergeron.

Felicite' Antalliard, Widow of J. William Biggs.

Bt. Dumas. Joseph Biguiere.

Heirs, of Ardoin. Heirs of Joseph Bissonet.
Widow of Gabriel Barron [erased]. Widow of George Blain.

Jean Bapt. Barron. Jean Baptist BoisVene.

* This list is written on all four pages of a large sheet of old paper, water-
marked with the crown and "G. R. 1794." It is endorsed "Lists of Heads
of Tamilies in 1 783. "

t The Widow Beaulieu was the daughter of a French officer once stationed
at Fort Chartres, named Chouvin, who settled in the village of St. Phillippe.
Here his daughter was born in 1742. She was educated at Quebec, and
returned to Cahokia, to which place her father had removed, where she mar-
ried M. IJeaulieu. She lived a !ong and useful life, and died at the age of
eighty-four in Cahokia.

EARLY ILLINOIS.

i '

Joseph BoisVene.
Shadrach Bond.
Shadrach Bond [erased].
Renne Bouvet.

The Heirs of Antoine Boyer.
Thomas Brady.
Joseph Butoe, Junr.
Heirs of Joseph Cabassitr.
Charles Cadron aUas St. Piere.
Joseph Cecire.
Louis Belong Champ.
Heirs of Michel Charli.
Widow Chartran,
Heirs of the Widow of Jean
Bapt. Chartran.

Francois Gerome alias Lafleur de

Pois.
Phillip Gervais.
Antoine Girardin.
Heirs of Michel Girardin.
Heirs of Jacob Groots,
Antoine Harmand alias Sanfacon.
Joseph Labuxiere.
Antoine Lacourse.
Joseph LaCouture.
Charles Lacroix alias Hagon.
Jean Baptiste La croix.
Michel La Gaudiniere.
Michel La Grave.
Joseph La lancet.
Antoine Lamarche.

Louis Chatel.

Claude Chenier,* proved by the Joseph Lambert.

oaths of Brady and Pierre la Widow Lapage.

pope to have been living in Jean Lapence.

1783 and had a numerous The Heirs of Joseph Lapence.

family, tho' omitted in this list. Widow of Phillip Leboeuf.
Widow Crow. Louis Le brun.

Jean De May. Louis LeComte.

Jean Mari Dorion. Charles Lefevre.

Jean Baptist Dubuque. Franois Lefevre alias Courier.

(Charles Ducharme. Widow of Louis LeMay alias

Bartholemew Dumas or his heir. Theophile. . ^

Heirs of Joseph Dutremble. Leon Lepage.

Phillip Engel.

Raphael Gagnie.

Heirs of Louis Gagnion.

James Garetson or his heirs.

Giroux.
Louis Gaud.
Charles Germain.

Heirs of Isaac Levi.
Heirs of Renne Locat.
PVancois Longval, Senr.
Piere Martin.
Jean Baptist Mercier.
Widow of James Mooney.
Widow of James Moore.

* This memorandum upon the original list is followed by this unsigned
statement: "This memorandum is in the handwriting of Governor .St. Clair. '»

EARLY LLLINOIS CITIZENS.

ligned
air. '»

Jean Baptist Mulote.
Heirs of Widow Pancrass,

maiden name [Pa — r. blotted].
Joseph Peletier.
Michel Pettier alias Antaya.
James Piggot.
Louis Pillet.

Joseph Poirie alias Desloges.
Joseph Poupard alias Dormeur.
Paul Poupard alias Lafleur.
Therese Poupard Widow Lang-
Elisabeth Raine. [lois.

Widow of August Rasset.

Heirs of Piere Roy alias Cadien.

Francois Saucier.

Jean Baptist Saucier.

Mathew Saucier.

Nickolas Smith or his heirs.

The Heirs of Alexis Tabeaux.

Heirs of Francois Trotier.

Louis Trotier.

Widow Nickolas Turgeon.

Joseph Vaudiere.

Peter Zippe.

St. Clair County, ss.

Personaly p^jpeared before me, Jean Bapt. Dubuque and
Charles Ducharme, Ancient Inhabitats of the Village of
Cahokia, who being duly sworn do declare ihat the within
List to the best of their Knowledge is Just and True and
the erasures made at their Desire, in Testimony whereof I
have to this set my hand Seal this 25th Apl, 1796.

Ch. Ducharme. William St. Clair.

J. B. Dubuque.

St. Clair County, ss.

Personaly appeared before me, Jean Bapt. Saucier,.
Mathew Saucier, Jean Bapt. AUary, and Charles Germain,
ancient Inhabitants of the Village of 'rairie du pont in
the County of St. Clair, who being duly Sworn did declare
that the within list is Just and true to the best of their
Knowledge, in Testimony whereof I have hereunto set my
hand and Seal at Cahokia, this 25th Apl., 1796.
Mth. Saucier. J. B. Saucier. William St. Clair.

I do hereby Certify to have examined the within list
and find it just to the best of my Knowledge and Remem-
brance— in Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand
at Cahokia, this 2Sthday of apl, 1796.

A. GiRARDIN.

KAKLY ILLINOIS.

Chef de families.

Listc* Des habitans Resident aux Kaskaskias en 1790-

Savoir:

Pr. Compagni.

John Edgar,t Capt'n. )
Toimetre antaya. I
1 Antoine LaChapelle,| Gar^on, Ensign.
J.ouis Jeimain, Chef de fam.
Nicola Canada,§ idem.
Michel St. Pierre, idem.
Mad. V ve. Eachapelle, idem.

J Eachapelle Bazille. \

3, Baptiste Lachapelle. J- Garcj'ons.

4 Jn I-achapelle. )

John Cok, Chef de famiUe.

5 Cook, fils, [erased]. \

6 Henry Bienvenu. ^ Gar^on.

7 Michel Bienvenu. ,'

Ktienne Page, Chef de famille a militaire.
Baptiste alary, idem.

* This list is written on a sheet of narrow, dark-colored paper, and en-
dorsed "List of the two Companies of Militia at Kaskaskia the first of Augt.,
1790.

t John Kdi^ar was a native of Ireland, and once a British naval officer.
At the he^innini; of tlie Revolutionary war he resided at Detroit, and was
sent a prisoner to (Quebec on account of his sympathy with the colonial cause,
which his American wife encourai^ed. Making his escape by the way, he
joined the troops of the colonies, and in 1 7S4 settled at Kaskaskia. He was
for many years the wealthiest citizen of Illinois, was elected a member of the
legislature of the Northwest I'erritory, and one of the judges of the St. Clair
circuit court, and held other offices. The county of Edgar is named for him.

* Antoine LaChapelle died in 1S04, at Natchez, on his way from New
Orleans in charge of a consignment to William Morrison. He was a son of
r>asil l.aChapelle, who, with his eleven brothers, removed from Canada to
Kaskaskia.

<i Nicholas Canada was an uncle of Pierre Menard's first wife, and one of
the witnesses at their marriage, on behalf of the bride.

I
I

Chef de famille.

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

8 Bazil Alary.

9 Jerom St. Pierre.
lo Philipe St. Pierre.
I r Alexi Doza.

12 Fransois Lemieux.

13 Louis Lemieux, I G^'"90"-

14 Louis Jermain, fils, [erased].

15 Novel Toulouse.

16 Pierre Toulouse.

17 Jn. Longvalle.
Antoin Provant.
Labrierre.
John Rise Jons.*
Bienvenu Perre. \
Provau Perre. V Chef de famille.
Louis Louvalle. I
P. Janis, [erased].— Transporte en L'autre Part.

Suite De l'autre Part.
Blaise Barutel.
Glaud Lemieux.
aLexi Beauvais.
fs. Derouse, Dit St. Pierre,
fs. Tibeaux.
Pierre Richard. J

18 Anbroise Delinel. \

19 ft- Carbonnaux. [ Gar^on.

20 Aantoine Lavigne. J

2me. Compagni. Savoir:

2 1 Fr. Janisse,t Capt'n Des millise, garden.
Bpte. Lachanse,! lieutenant, Per de famille.

* Properly John Rice Jones, the famous lawyer above mentioned, who
removed from Vincennes to Kaskaskia in 1790, and is borne on the militia
rolls of both places in that year.

t Fran9ois Janis, one of the witnesses at Pierre Menard's first marriage,
on his behalf.

t One of the witnesses at the above marriage, on behalf of the bride.

1 \

•I,

Chef de famille.

EARLY ILLINOIS.

- Per de famille.

Tous Garcon.

2 2 Jac Gautiaux, Enseigne, Garcon.

Baptiste MontureuUe.
Jemi Cord
Antoin Bienvenu, fils.
Michel Danis.
Jerome Danis.

23 Jn. Danis.

24 Andre Sonn.

25 Philipe RocheBlave.*

26 Antoine Bahatte, neveux.

27 Baptiste Gendron, fils.

28 Jn. Quiquette.

29 Jerome Tibeaux.

Antoine Bayatte.
Jac Devaignais.
Jac Moraniy.
Michel Antaya.
Louis Laderoute.
Baptiste Laderoute.
Bte. Tomure.
Bte. Gendron Perre.

Transporte cy Contre.

Chef de famille.

Suite De Cy Contre.
Bhertelmi Richard.
Paul Nehaume.
Baptiste Degonier.
Made. we. Tourangaux. t
Charl Danis. t

i" Chef de famille.

* Philipe Rocheblave was the name of the last governor of the Illinois for
Great Britain, and if this be the same man he must have returned to Kaskas-
kia after the Revolutionary war.

t Madame Tourangeau, the widow of Michel Godin, was the mother of
Pierre Menard's first wife, and at her house in Kaskaskia their marriage
contract was signed,

t Charles Danis, an uncle of Pierre Menard's first wife, and one of the
witnesses at their marriage in her behalf. Doubtless a descendant of the

3t
3:

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

30 Vitol Ste. Gemme Bauvais.*

31 Gabriel Aubuchon. )

32 Jn. Calais, rezidant Sure L'autre rive, f^^^^on.

33 Pierre Menard. t j

34 James McNabb.

35 Alexr. McNabb.
Alaint. Chef de famil.
Pierre Cristopher, Garcon, [erased].

36 Jacque Laderoute, Idem.

37 Pier le basque, garcon.

Liste Des Personne Etable Depuis i/QO.-Savoir;

Jonatame Hauslay.

Marque Navelle.

Antoine Navelle. \

Pierre Beguain. i Garcon

Etienne Parard. J

fs. Charleville

Jams Dunn.

Mark Tomas.

VVlliam Morisonne.:{:

Jac Lasabloniare.

Jan Gomer.

Jan Bte. Normand.

fs. St. Pierre, Chef de famille

}

Chef de famil.

Chef de famille.

Mario,^r722 '° ""^""^ '''' fi^^t-recorded land-grant at Kaskaskia was made.

Otme, called Beauva.s, from his native place in France, who settled at Kas-
kaskia about I7SO. He bought the property of the Jesuits there on its sale
under the decree for the suppression of that order, and became the wealthiest
citizen of his time in Kaskaskia. Vitol Ste. Geme Beauvais was one of the
judges of the court of Kaskaskia. elected by the people, under the governor-
snip of Col. John Todd, Jr., and afterward resided at Ste. Genevieve, Mo.

t Afterward the first lieutenant-governor of the State of Illinois.

: William Morrison emigrated from Philadelphia to Kaskaskia about
1790, and became a leading merchant there. He died and was buried in
tlie old graveyard at Kaskaskia in 1837.

EARLY ILLINOIS.

Michel Lasassese.

38 Joseph Page, Garson.

39 Francois Janis.

Before me, Arthur St. Clair, Governor of the Territory
of the United States northwest of the Ohio, personally
appeared Francois Janis, Captain of a Company in the
Militia of Kaskaskia and being duly sworn deposeth and
saycth that the Persons whose names are inserted in the
foregoing list, and opposite to which the word (Garson) is
written, were all borne on the Militia Rolls of the said
Village, on the first day of August, 1790. In Witness
whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Kaskaskia, the
4th day of October, 1795. Ar. St. Clair.

A list* of Capt. Piggot's Companey in the first regiment
of militia of the county of St. Clair, the 26 Day of April,
1790:

2 George Atchison, Leut.
21 George Biggs.
5 Shadrik Bond,^ Sergt.
Thomas Bradly [erased.]
51 James brian — left the Coun-
try.

43 Isaac brison — left the Coun-
try about a year afterwards.
19 Peter Casterlin.
31 William Chaffin.
42 Elexander Denrs.^
28 Clement Drury.

* This list is written upon a sheet of old foolscap paper, water-marked with
the word ROMAN I upon one page and on the other with the letters T. R.
It is endorsed "A list of those persons enrolled in the Militia in the Company
of Captn. Piggott, in St, Clair County, on the first of Augt., 1790," and in
another handwriting, "Certified by Gov, St, Clair." Below is written, appar-
ently by Capt. Piggot, "List of Piggot's Company for the year 1790."

* Shadrach Bond, Senior, one of Clark's soldiers, came to the Illinois in
1781, was a member of territorial legislatures, judge of court of common pleas
of- St. Clair County, and uncle of Shadrach Bond, first governor of the State
of Illinois.

» Killed by the I'ottawatomie Indians, returning from Cahokia to Chicago
in 1802, near present town of EdwardsvlUe, 111.

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

29 Ralph Drury.
10 Isaac Enix.i
53 James Garison.
46 Charles Gill.2
37 David Guice.

James Hard [erased].

14 Leonard Harness.

17 James Henderson.

15 George Hendricks.
49 Michael Huff.^

3 Nathaniel Hull,** Ensn.
48 John — Jack.

William Jones [erased].
34 Lawrence Kenon.

Larkin [erased].

18 James Lemmon.^
44 George Lunceford.^

Thomas Marr [erased].

7 John Mordock.7
20 John Moore.

8 Samuel Morris.

24 William Murry.''

4 Benjamin Ogle, Sergnt.

11 Joseph Ogle — Senior.^

12 Do. Junior.

25 Henerey oharo.

26 John oharro.

I James Piggot,^ Captn.
22 William Piggot.
45 John Porter.
40 George Powers.
36 Daniel Raper.^
16 Benjaman Rogers.
Jesse Ronn [erased].

^ Probably Isaac Enochs, a Kentuckian, celebrated for his contests with
the Indians, and as the first convert in Illinois to the Baptist persuasion.

^ One of Hull's party as above.

8 Killed by Indians in 1794, on the road between Prairie du Rocher and
Kaskaskia. Step-father of Maj, John Moredock or Murdoch.

* Nathaniel Hull was bom in Massachusetts, and was one of the first
Americans in the Illinois. He was a noted leader in Indian warfare, and in
1 793 commanded a party of eight whites who defeated twice their number of
red men in a desperate conflict at the Big Spring, in what is now Monroe Co.

^ James Lemen, a Virginian, soldier of the Revolution, one of Hull's party
at Big Spring, and a leading Baptist preacher. " One of Clark's soldiers.

' John Mordoch or Murdoch, a famous Indian fighter, who swore unend-
ing vengeance on the red men because of his mother's death at their hands.

* Joseph Ogle was one of Nathaniel Hull's party in the Indian fight at
Big Spring in 1791.

" James Piggot was a native of Connecticut, and early in the war of the
Revolution engaged in privateering. Later he removed to Pennsylvania, and
commanded a company of troops from that State at the battles of Brandywine
»nd Saratoga. He followed Clark to the West, and was for a time in com-
mand of Fort Jefferson on the Mississippi, a few miles below the junction of
the Ohio. He had served under Gov. St. Clair, who appointed him judge
of the St. Clair County court.

i*\

EARLY ILLINOIS.

1 •.

r i

33 Josiah Ryan.^
30 James Scot.
35 Daniel Shoultz.

John Simpson [erased].
50 Ebeneazar Sovereigns.
39 John Suliphon.
47 Robert Sybold-
41 William Tobins.

6 Thomas Todd.

9 Jesse Waddel.
52 Isaac West.
23 Laton White.
27 George Wilkison — left the

Country soon after.
32 Samuel Worley.
38 Peter Zip.=<

13 Edward Todd.

Before me, Arthur St. Clair, Governor of the Territory

northwest of the Ohio, personally appeared James Piggot,

Captain of a Company of Militia in the County of St.

Clair, and being duly sworn, deposeth and sayeth that the

List of Names above written, is the names of the Persons

enrolled as Militia, in the Company commanded by him

on the first day of August, one thousand seven hundred

and ninety. In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my

hand at Cahokia, Septr. 28th, 1795.

Ar. St. Clair.

Roll* of the Company of Militia of the first Regiment
of the County of St. Clair Commanded by Francois
Saucier, the first day of August, 1790:

Clement AUary.
Jean Bte. Bargeron.
Joseph Beland.

1 One of Hull's party as above.

Antoine Bellecour.
Andrew Bequette.
Thomas Brady.'*

* One of Clark's soldiers.

" Killed and scalped by the Indians in 1793, on the trail from New Design
to Kaskaskia.

■» This roll is written on two pages of a single sheet of laid cap paper,
folded the long way, bearing the water-mark of a crown and the initials
" G. R. , " and is endorsed " Roll of Saucier's Company. "

" A Pennsylvanian, one of the only two residents of Cahokia at this time
not of French birth or descent. He led a party of sixteen volunteers in
1777 to the capture of the British post at St. Joseph, and on his return was
taken prisoner on the Calumet River by a pursuing force, but escaped and
returned to Cahokia. Later he was made sheriff of St. Clair County. He
was commonly called " Mr. Tom. "

Ul !

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

Joseph Buteau.

Alexis Chartran.

Jean Bt Chartron— alias La

Becasse,
Louis Chattel.
Jean Marie Comparet.
Alexis Courtois.
Jean Marie Dorion.
Louis Gervais.
Phillip Gervais, Ensgn.
Francois Grondine.
Joseph Grondine.
John Hays.^
Laurent Jeunbergere.
Francois L'Abbe.
Joseph Lachance.
Isedore La Croix.
Louis Laflame.
Piere Lajeunesse, Sergt.
Antoine Lamarche.
Louis Lamarche.
Gabriel Langlois.
PhiUip Le Boeuf.
Louis Lebrun, Sergt.
Jean Le Renard.
Pascal Letang.

Piere Lize.

Constant Loncting.

Gabriel Marleaux.

Bapt. Mercier, Sergt.

Juliene Mercier.

Jaque [Bte. erased] Mullote.

Jean Bt. Mullote.

Etienne NicoUe.

Julian NicoUe.

Louis Pansinneau [Pensoneau].

Francois Pencrass.

Charles Pilet.

Louis Pilett.

Paul Poupard, Sergt.

John Ritchy.

Jean Bte.R.upalais, alias Gonevile.

[?] Bapt. Saucier, Lieut. '-^

Francois Saucier, Captn.-^

Louis St. Germain.

Piere Antoine Tabeau.

Piere Tecier.

William Todd.

August Trotier. \ Corpls. Sons

Clement Trotier. (

Franc
Josepl

ois Trotier. C
h Trotier."* ^

of
Francois
Trotier.

^ John Hays is said by Gov. Reynolds to have emigrated from New York to
Cahokia in 1793. This shows him there at least three years earlier. He was
sheriff of St. Clair County from 1798 to 1S18, supposed to be the longest
term of office ever held in Illinois.

- A brother of Capt. Francois Saucier.

=' Fran9ois Saucier was a son of Jean ]5aptiste Saucier, once a French
officer at Fort Chartres, who, after the country was ceded to Great Britain in
1763, established himself at Cahokia. Fran9ois and his brother Matthieu
Saucier founded the village of Portage des Sioux, in Missouri. Pierre
Menard's second wife was a daughter of Francois Saucier.

i. A Canadian who settled in Cahokia in 1775, and conducted a large
trading business with New Orleans.

KARLY II-LINOTS.

1 (

r: (

Francois Trotier, Son of Louis. Rene Tureau,

Joseph Trotier, Son of Louis. Nicholas Turgeon.

Louis Trotier. Dennis Valentine.

Louis Trotier, Junr. Joseph Vizina.

Personally appeared before me, Wm. St. Clair, Lieut.
Col., Commandant of the first Regiment of the County of
St. Clair by Virtue of the powers Invested in me by his
Excellency the Governor of the Territory, Jean Bt Sau-
cier, who being duly sworn did Declare that the above is a
True Roll of the Company of Militia under his command
m August, 1790, In witness whereof, I have hereunto set
my hand and seal at Cahokia, the 13th day of Apl., 1796.

William St. Clair.* [seal]

Rolli* of the Company of Militia of the first Regiment
of the County of St. Clair Commanded by Jean Baptist
Dubuque, the first day of August, 1790:

Joseph Archambeau.
William Arundel. 1
Jean Baptist Barron.
Bazile Beaulieux,
Jean Beaulieux.
Michel Beaulieux, Sergt.
Louis Bergeron.
Henry Birron.
Josiah Bleakley.
Antoine Boyer.

Louis Bourassa.
Charles Buteau.
Charles Cadron.
Etien Cadron.
Francois Campeau.
Piere Chartie.
Baptist Chenie.
Glaude Chenie.
Joseph Chenie.
Francois Chevalier.

* a son of James St. Clair, once captain in the Irish brigade in the service
of France. William St. Clair was the first clerk of the court and recorder of
St. Clair County.

t This roll is written on two pages of an unusually long sheet of old
English paper, water-marked with the crown and "G R 1794". It is en-
dorsed " Roll of Dubuque's Company. "

^ The only resident of Cahokia at this time not of French birth or descent,
except Thomas Ikady.

KAKLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

Piere Chretien.

August Clereniont.

Piere Clereniont.

I.ouis Coste.

Hubert Delonne.

Joseph Demarais.

Francois Demet.

Jean Baptist Dubuque, Captn.i

Charles Ducharme.

Piere Durebois, Junr.

Louis Gaud, Senr.

Louis Gaud, Junr.

Louis Gendron.

Louis Genvile.

Joseph Goneville.

PMward Hebert.

Antoine Hermand, Junr.

Jean Baptist Hermand.

Louis Hermand.

Joseph Hymen.

Antoine Labuxiere.

Louis Labuxiere.

Bazile Laflame.

Francois Xavier Lapencee, Sergt

Joseph LaPencee, Lieut.

Joseph Laplante.

Dennis LaVertue.

Louis LeCompte.

Francois Lefevre— alias Courier.

Pascal Lefevre— alias Courier.

«3

Antoine Lepage, Corpl.

Joseph Lepage.

Simon Lepage.

Piere LaPerche, Sergt.

Francois Longvall.

Francois Longvall, Senr.

Hippolite Longvall.

Michel Longvall.

Amable Macon.

Joseph Manegre, Corpl.

Joseph Marie.

Joseph Mendoza, Sergt.

Jean Baptist Mitot.

Jean Munier.

Joseph Pariesien.

Piere Pecard [erased].

Piere Picard.

Joseph Perie.

Michel Pilet.
Joseph Poupard.
Bartholomew Prevost, Corpl.
Louis Relle.
Louis Rouliard.
Mathew Saucier, Ensgn.^
Jaque St. Aubin.
Piere St. Aubin.
Gabriel Tellier.
Joseph Touchett.
Francois lurgeon.
Francois Villareyt, Corpl.

Personally appeared before me. Wm. St. Clair, Lieut
Col.. Commandant of the first Regiment of the County of

'Probably a relative of Julien Dubuque, who lived at Cahokia before he
established himself on the site of the City of Dubuque, Iowa, which is .ained
lor him.

'^ A son of Jean Baptiste Saucier, above mentioned, who afterward lived
at Portage des Sioux in Missouri.

EARLY ILLINOIS.

St. Clair, by Virtue of the powers Invested in nie by his
Excellency the Governor of the Territory, Jean Bt. Dubu-
que who being duly sworn did Declare that the above is a
True Roll of the Compy. of Militia under his Command
in Augt., 1790. In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set
my hand and Seal at Cahokia, the 13th day of Apl., 1796.

William St. Clair, [seal]

Roll* of the Company of Militia of the first Regiment
of the County of St, Clair Commanded by Phillip Hngel,
the first day of august, 1790:

Paul Desloges.
Philip Engel, Capt.
Charles <lermain, Knsn.
Charles Gill.
Jean Noel (lodin.
Picre Godin, Sergt.
Ignace (irondine.
Louis (irosle.
Piere Guitar, Ser.r.
Pierc Guitar, Junr.
Jean Guitare, Corpl.
AiUoine LaCoursc.
Joseph LaCouture.
Charles LaCroix.
Jean Bapt. Lalande.
Joseph Lalancet, Scrgl.
Joseph l^ambert.
Jean Lapence.
I.awrent I.efevre.
Jaijue Letourneau.
Franois LMay.
Andrew Marlow.

Jean Bapt. AUary, Lieut.
Lawrent Amelin.
Michel Antaya.
Andrew Bequet.
Louis Bisson.
Joseph BoisVene.
Renne Bouvet.
Piere Buteau.
Antoine Cabassier.
Cliarles Cabassier.
Francois Cabassiei".
Jean Bapt. Cai'assier.
Joseph Cabassier.
Piere Cabassier, Sergt.
Michel Chartier.
Baptist Chartran, Sergt.
Thomas Chartran.
Tousaint Chartran, Corpl.
William Crow.
Raphael Daubuchon.
Joseph Deloges, Junr.
Joseph Desloge.s, Seiir.

* This roll is written on two jiap^es of a slieet of foolscaii paper, lonp;-
fold, water-marked with the letters " T K ", aurrounJc'l liy scroll work.

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

Franois Renousse.
Rock.
Amant Tellier.
Louis Vadbonccur.
Thomas Winn.

Piere Martin, Corpl.
Piere Martin, Junr.
Jacque Mayiot.
Michel Mitevur.
Francois Noize, dit L'abbe.
Joseph Pettie.

Pe^onaly appeared before me, Wm. St. Clair, Lieut

Alary then L.eut, now Capt. of said Company who beine
duly sworn d.d deCare that the within is a jusf Roll of hf
Company then Commanded by Phillip Engel in august
.790. In Witness Whereof I have hefeunto stt "^ Trnd
and seal at Cahokia, this 25th day of april, ,796.

W1LLIA.M St. C1.AIR.

Roll* of the Militia of Kaskaskia who were duly enrolled
on the 1st day of August, 1790, and had done Militia Duty
and who have not obtained any Donation from the United

otStCS I

Bazile Alary.

Jean Baptiste Alary.

Louis Allaire.

Joseph Anderson.

Antoine Barutel, called Noel

Toulouse.
Henry Barutel (Toulouse.
Pierre Basque.
Vital Bauvais, Junior.
Henry Bienvenu.
Michel Bienvenu.
Anthoiny Buyat, Junior.
Louis Buyat, Junior.

Joseph Calais.

Thomas Callahan.

Nicholas Cassou.

Francis Clark.

Louis Charleville.

Joseph Chevalier.

Hugh McDonald Chis.soIni.

Pedro Christofal.

Adam Cook.

Henry Cook.

John Cook.

Charles Danis, fils.

Joseph Danis.

* Written on a sheet of laid foolscap, with water-mark " T S A: C ^ anrl
endorsed "Roll f the Militia in Kaskaskia on ist August, 1790.''-,/ '

EARLY ILLINOIS.

Francois Dion.
Alexis Doza.
Joseph Fernande.
Philip Galloher.

Alexander McNabb.
James McNabb.
Pierre Menard.
Francis Montne.

John Baptiste Gendron, Junior. Alexis Morris.

Jean Baptiste Germain.
Louis Germain.
Jactjue Gossiaux.
David Gray.
Pierre Grenier.
Francoi.: Janis.
John Rice Jones.
Jacob Judy.
Samuel Judy.
Antoine Labriere.
Jean Baptiste LaChance.
Antoine LaChapelle.
Baptiste LaChapelle.
Bazile LaChapelle.
Joseph LaChapelle.
Louis LaChapelle.
Jaccjue Laderoute.
Hi polite Laforme.
Ignace Lagauterie.
Michael Lasource.
Francois Lemieux.
Louis I.emieux.
Joseph Lonval.

Jean Baptiste Morris.
William Morrison.
Gabriel Obuchon.
Manud Portugais.
Charles Robin, Junior.
Augustin Royer. [oute.

Louis Seguin otherwise Lader-
John Knaresborough Simpson.
Jean Baptiste Derousse St.Pierre.
Jerome Derousse St.pierre.
Joseph Derousse St. Pierre.
Michael St. Pierre. *

Philip Derousse St.pierre.
Bartholomew Tardiveau.
Joseph Tellier [erased].
Jean Baptiste Thauniur, Junior.
Levy Theel.
Jerome 'I'hibault.
Joseph Thuillier.
Francois Barutel Toulouse.
Pierre Barutel Toulouse.
Noel Toulouse [erased].
William Young Whiteside.

Territory of the United States Northwest of the Ohio. —
Randolph County, sc.

1)C it remembered that on the twenty third Day of
September one thousand seven hundred and ninety .seven
personally came before us the subscribers two of the Jus-
tices of the peace of the said County, Antoine Peltier,
called Antaya, of Kaskaskia in the said County, a Capi-
ta in of militia in the said place, who made oath on the

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

holy Evangelists of Almighty God that the several persons
whose names are contained on the two .ides of this sheet
P^Pf ^ ^^^^^ on the first Day of August one thousand
seven hundred and ninety enrolled in the militia at Kas-
kask.a aforesaid and had done militia Duty as such and
also that the said several persons have not to the Know-
ledge or Belief of this Deponent obtained a Donation of
four hundred acres of land from the United States.
Sworn before us the Day & } The mark of

year ab ve mentioned. j x

J. EDciAR. Antoine Peltier

Wm. Morrison. called Antaya.

Roll of the militia of Prairie du Rocher in the County
of St. Clair on the first Day of August, one thousand
seven hundred vnd ninety who had done Militia Duty

Augu^.tin Allard

Andre' Barbau

Tousaint Bavarel

Joseph Blay, junior

Louis Blay, junior

Pierre Camus

Charles Chevalier

Francois Coline
Ayme' Comte, junior
Joseph Comte
Pierre Comte*
Jean Bapte. Culmaut*
Gabriel Decochy, junior
Raphael Drury
Antoiue DuClos
Jean Baptiste DuClos
Jose])h Ferrier
Joseph Genereu

Francois Gerard

Augustin Girard

Jean Ciomes

Francois Julien

Charles Lafornie, junior

Jean Baptiste Lajoye

Pierre Lajoye

Etienne Langlois
Joseph Lavoye, junior
Ambroise Levasseur
Joseph Levasseur
Louis Levasseur
Nicholas Olivier
Jean Baptiste omier
Jean Baptiste Perin
Pierre Picard
Andre Roy
Francois 'I\ingue

* These two are on tlie Captain's [Uarbau] list.

MMHMi

EARLY IIJ.INOIS.

Simon Toiton

George Wittmer, junior

Nicholas Witmer

Joseph Tangue, junior
Charles Thibault
Francois Thibault, junior
Jean Baptiste Thibault

Territory of the United States northwest of the Ohio.
Randolph County, ss.

Be it remembered that on the Twenty Second day of
October, in the year One Thousand Seven hundred and
Ninety Seven, personally appeared Jean Bapt. Barbeau,
Junr. Esquire, Captain of Militia at Prairie du Rocher
aforesaid, who made oath according to Law that the sev-
eral persons above and within named were on the first
day of August, One Thousand Seven hundred and Ninety
duly enrolled at Prairie du Rocher aforesaid and had
done Militia Duty therein, and also that the said Several
Persons have not received or obtained any Donation of
Lands from the United States to the knowledge or belief
of this Deponent.

Sworn the Day and Year above mentioned,
before me a Justice of the Peace of the )>Barbau, fils.
said County of Randolph.
J. Edgar.

General Return* of the militia inrolled in the (now)
County of St. Clair on the first Day of August one thou-
sand seven hundred and ninety:

A-Clement Allary. .vMichel Antaya.

aLieutt. Jean Baptiste Allary. Joseph Archambeau.

Alphonso. William Arundel.

.vLaurent Amelin. Alexander Atcheson.

[v] " Received Donation. "

f * 'Ihis list and accompanying affidavit cover seven pages of old crown water-
marked paper. The part of the sheet which in a corresponding list contained
the initals " Ci R " has been cut out. The names are all in the handwriting
of John Rice Jones, and so certified l)y his .son.]

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

Lieutt. George Atchison.

Timothy Ballew.

Jfjean Baptiste Baron.

Bazile Beaulieu.

Jean Beaulieu.

Louis Beaulieu.

Michel Beaulieu.

Joseph Beland.

Antoine Belcour.

Laurent Jean Berger.

^cjean Baptiste Bergeron.

Louis Bergeron.

Louis Bibeaux.
George Biggs.

August Biron.
Henry Biron.
Louis Bisson.
Jean Marie Bissonet.
Josiah Bleakly [erased].
A-Joseph Boisver.
Andre' Boquet.
Pierre Bourassa.
.rRene' Bouvet.
Ebenezer Bovven.
^Antoine Boyer.
Thadious Bradley.
John Brady. &
.^Thomas Brady.
Alexis Brisson.
James Bryan.
Isaac Bryson.
Charles Buteau, Junr.
.vjoseph Buteau.
Antoine Cabassier.
Charles Cabassier.
PVancois Cabassier.
Jean Baptiste Cabassier.

Joseph Cabassier.

Pierre Cabassier.

Charles Cadron, Junior.

Etienne Cadron.

Francois Campeau.

Sanson Canadien.

Peter Casterline.

Isaac Chalfin.

William Chalfin.

Jean Baptiste Champlain.

Pierre Chartier.

Alexis Chartran.

Jean Bap. Chartran, alias Labou-

Jean Baptiste Chartran. [asse.

Michel Chartran [erased].

Thomas Chartran.

Toussaint Chartran,

A:Louis Cbatele.

John Baptiste Chenie.

Joseph Chenie.

Claude Chenier.

^Fran^-ois Chevalier.

Pierre Chretien.

Louis Clermond.

Auguste Clermont.

Pierre Clermont.

Jean Marie Compare t.

Louis Coste.

Alexis Courtois.

A'William Crow.

Raphael D'Aubuchon.

.rjoseph Deloge, Senior.

Joseph Deloge, Junior.

Hubert Delorme.

Joseph Demaret.

Francois Deme'te.

Alexander Dennis.

EARLY ILLINOIS.

A-Jean Marie Dorion.

vrClement Drury.

^Raphael Drury.

Pierre Dubois, Junior.

A'Capn. Jean Baptiste Dubuque,

A'Charles DuCharme.

vCapn. Philip Engel.

Isaac Enox. [Enoch]

Jean Baptiste Fleurant.

Pierre Jacques Foubert.

James Garretson.

A-Louis Gaud, Senior.

Louis Gaud, Junior.

Louis Gendron.

Antoine Gerardine, Jr.

A'Ensign Charles Germain.

^Francois Gerome.

Louis Gervais.

A'Ensign Phillip Gervais.

tCharles Gill.

I-,ouis Giroux.

Jean Noel Godin.

Pierre Godin.

Joseph Goneville.

Louis (joneville.

Antoine (irandbois.

Joseph Grenier.

Francois Grondine.

Ignace (irondine.

Joseph Grondine.

Louis (irosle'.

William Grotz.

vDavid Guise.

+Jean Guittar [erased]. *

Pit'Tc (iuittar, Junior.

* In I'lairie <iu Kucher list.
i On Vinccnnes list.

Antoine Harmand, Junior.
Jean Baptiste Harmand.
Louis Harmand.
Leonard Harness.
John Hays [erased].
James Head.
Edward Hebert.
George Hendricks.
James Henderson.
Michael Huff.
A-*Ensign Nathaniel Hull.
Joseph Hymen.
John Jack.
William Jones.
* Lawrence Kenyon.
Francois Labbe'.
Antoine Labusiere.
T^ouis Labusiere.
Francois Labuxiere.
Joseph LaChance.
AAntoine LaCource.
Ajoseph LaCouture.
Charles LaCroix.
Isidore LaCroix.
Bazile Laflamme.
Louis Laflamme.
Pierre Lajeunesse.
.vjoseph Lalamet.
Jean Bapuste Lalande.
.vAntoine Lamarche.
Jacf|ue Lamarche.
Louis Lamarche.
.rjoseph Lambert.
Gabriel Langlois.
Raphael l^anglois.

+ On the Donation list.

EARLY nXINOIS CITIZENS.

Francois Lapence,

jvLieutt. Joseph I^apence.

A:Jean Lapense.

Pierre Laperche.

Joseph Laplante.

Dennis Lavertu.

Jean Baptiste Leblanc.

Philip Leboeuf.

jvLouis Lebrun.

:rLouis LeCompte.

Francois Lefevre, alias Courie,

Laurent Lefevre. [Junr,

Pascal Lefevre.

Francois Lemay.

James Lemen.

Antoine Lepage.

Joseph Lepage.

Simon Lepage.

Jean LeRenard.

Pascal Letang.

Jacque Letourneau.

Louis Pierre Levy.

Pierre Lize.

Constant Longtemp.

ArFrancois Longval, Senior.

Francois Longval.

Hippolite Longval.

Hubert LongVall.

Michel Longval.

Francois Lubbe [erased].

Cieorge Luntsiurd.^

John Lyle.

Amable Ma^on.

Joseph Manegre.

Joseph Marie.

(labriel Marleaux.

P One of George Rogers Claik's

Gabriel Marleaux, Junior.
Jean Baptiste Marleaux.
Andrew Marlovv.
.rPierre Martin.
Pierre Martin, Junior.
Jacque Mayiot.
Thomas Mars.
Henry McLaughlin.
James McRoberts.
Joseph Mendoza.
Hubert Mercier.
;i'Jean Baptiste Mercier,
Julien Mercier.
Jean Baptiste Methode.
Michel Metioier.
John Moore.
William Moore.
John Moredoch [Murdoch].
Louis Morin.
Samuel Morris.
Jacque MuUote.
.rjean Baptiste Mulotte.
Jean Munier.
William Murray.^
Etienne NichoUe.
Julien Nicholle.
Benjamin Ogle.
Joseph Ogle, Senr.
Joseph Ogle, Junr.
Henry O'Hara, Junr.
John O'Hara.
Louis Panconneaux.
Francois Pancrass.
Marrain Pancrass.
Joseph Parisien.
.rjoscph Peltier,
soldiers on his expedition to the Illinois.]

IF ' I

■B

^^^5^^^

EARLY ILLINOIS.

Jean Francois Perrey [erased]. James Scott.

Pierre Picard. Ebenezer Severns [Sovereigns].

Jean Baptiste Girard St. Robert Seybold.^

[Jean Pierre. Daniel Shultz.

.rCapn. James Piggot.
Levi Piggot.
William Piggot.
jvLouis Pilet.
Michel Pilet.
Charles Pilot.
FUienne Pinsonneau.
Joseph Poirie.
Paul Poirier.
John Porter,
orjoseph Poupard.
.rPaul Poupard.
George Powers.
Bartholomew Provost.
Jean Baptiste Provost.
Francois Ranousse.

*»>

Christopher Smith.

Claude St. Aubin.

Jacque St. Aubin.

Louis St.Germain.

Pierre Locuyer dt St. Sauveur.

John Sullivan.

Pierre Antoine Tabeau.

Amant Tellier.

Gabriel Tellier.

Pierre Texier.

Edward Todd.

Thomas Todd.

William Todd [erased].

Joseph Touchet.

Auguste Trotier.

Clement Trotier.

Jean Baptiste Rapelais alias Francois Trotier, son of Louis.

[Genville. Joseph Trotier, son of Louis.

Daniel Raper.

Jesse Ray nor.

John Ritchie.

William Robins.

Michel Roche.

Benjamin Rodgers.

Louis Rohle.

Pierre Roilhe.

Louis Rouliard.

*Josiah Ryaji.

A-Captain Francois Saucier.

.vLieutt. Jean Baptiste Saucier.

A-Ensign Matthew Saucier.

Joseph Trotier.
jcLouis Trotier, Senior.
Louis Trotier, Junior.
^Francois Turgeon.
Nicholas Turgeon.
Louis Vadboncoeur.
Dennis Valentin[e].
Jean Vandet.
Joseph Vaudry, Junr.
Francois Villaret.
Josei)h Vizina.
Alexander Wadle.
David Wa[d]dle.

(

* In Prairie du Rocher list.

[' One of George Rogers Clark's soldiers on his expedition to the Illinois.]

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

ill'

Thomas Winn.
John Worley.
Samuel Worley.
Francois Young.
.rPeter Zippe.
Rene Zureau.

Jesse Wadle.

George Ware.

Hardy Ware.

Isaac West.

Laton [Leighton] White.

George Wilkinson.

Personally appeared before me William St. Clair Duly
authorized by his Excellency the Governor to take proof
of the Claims appertaining to the Militia of the County
of St. Clair James Piggot Jean Bapt. Dubuque Jean Bapt.
Saucier and Jean Bapt. Allary who severally affirmed that
the Within is true Rolls of their respective Company of
Militia in the Month of August one thousand seven hun-
dred and ninety. In witness whereof I have hereunto set
my hand at Cahokia this thirteenth day of Septe. one
thousand seven hundred and ninety seven.

William St. Clair.

Malicia [Militia] List* of [James] Piggot's Company in
the first Regiment, County of St. Clair, September, 1795 if

George Atchison, Lieutn ^^ John Brand

Amoris Baily rttWm. Branham

Timothy Ballew
a Richard Barrow
John Basye
Wm. Basye

George Biggs
John battest Blundey
Shadrac[k] Bond, Sargt.
'J'hadeus Bradley

a Robert Callvvell
Robbart Casbold
a Peter Casterlin
Wm. Chaffin
^^Josepli Chance
(7 William Clark
Adam Clover
(I Jacob Clover

* This list is written on paper the same as the one that appears on page
78; and written by the same person; is endorsed "Piggot's Company, year
1795"; and is not certified. — i".

i [Those marked [a] were "Settlers at New Design and Belle fountain";
the others, "The people at Whiteside Station."]

^^Wni. Clover

John Dempey

rtElexander Denis

Clement Drury

a Isaac Enix [Enoch]

« James Espy

John Everet

^? James Garrotson

John Geins

<7 Isaac Gillham

a James Gillham

rt Samuel Gillham

^? John Givoon

n Wm. Going, jr.

cWm. Going, sr.

(I George Griffin

a John Griffin

Wm. Groots

Solomon Guice

Thomas Halfpenny

aWm. Hamilton

^? Leonard Harness

James Hedd

^? James Hendrison

a George Hendrix

(T Elisha Herrington

rttWm. Herrington

^Joseph Hogan

Adam House

John Hufman [Hoffman]

Daniel Hull

(ieils Hull

Nathaniel Hull, Ensin.

^Harmon Huslands

Henry Jones

John Jones

Wm. Jones

EARLY ILLINOIS.

Samuel Judy

Lawrence Kenon

'? Abraham Kinney

« Andrew Kinney

rt Joseph Kinney

« Samuel Kinney

ci Winder Kinney

<? James Lenien

John Loc

George Lunceford

Thomas Mars

Michael Masterson

(I Elihu Mathers

Daniel McCan

^? Wm. Mcglohlin [McLaughlin]

Henry McLaughlon

John Merney

(T Eli Misick

ci John Moor[e]

rtWm. Moorfe]

« John Mourdock [Murdoch]

rt!Wm. Murry

David Music

James Norton

Benjamin Ogle, Sargt.

rt Jacob Ogle

rt! Joseph Ogle, jr.

Henry O'Harro [O'Hara]

John O'Harro [O'Hara]

James Pig^at, Captn.

Levi Piggot

'^John Pond

John Porter

Jesse Rainor

Daniel Raper

'?Geo. Richardson

Josiah Rian [Ryan]

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

a George Roberts

a Edward Robertson

Wm. Robins

a Benj. Rogers

a Larkin Rutherford

James Scot

Robin Seybold

Daniel Shoulce

Daniel Sink

rtjohn Simpson

a Peter Smith

Michel Squires

John Suliphen [Sullivan]

Jacob Swaney

Levi Teel

a Edward Todd

a Thomas Todd

a Henry Voss

a David Waddle

a Elexander Waddle

a Jesse Waddle

Hardy Ware

Isaac Wess

a Davis Whitesides [Whiteside]

George John Whitesides

[Whiteside]
Jacob Whitesides n

Joel Whitesides n

John Whitesides n

John Johnson Whitesides u
John Luis Whitesides m

Uel Whitesides . i,

Wm. Whitesides m

Wm. Bolin Whitesides !»
Wm. Young Whitesides ir
Joseph Williams
James Wilson
John Worley
Samuel Worley
George Zip[oe]
Joseph Zip[pe]
Peter Zip[pe]

♦

A List* of the Names of the Persons entitled to the
donation of lOO Acres of Land for Militia Service in the
Counties of Randolph and St. Clair :-f-

Bazil AUary Jean Baptiste Aumie

Andre, junr Andre' Barbeau

Gabriel Aubuchon Perre la Basque

* This list is in the handwriting of Gov. St. Clair, and has an unsigned
pencil memorandum endorsed upon it so stating; is written on the first page
of a sheet of laid foolscap, that has water-marks " R & M T "; and is endorsed
"Names of the Persons returned as entitled to Militia Donations in St. Clair
and Randolph Counties." It is without a date. — f.

t In the original the names of those of each county are separated, while
here for convenience of reference they are joined and arranged alphabetically.
Those who belonged to St. Clair County are indicated by the letter v. — k.

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•96

EARLY ILLINOIS.

Vital St.Geme Beauvais
BelleCour

Antoine Bellelettre

the nephew

Henri Bienvenue

Michel Bienvenue

7'George Biggs

Johannes Blay, junr

Louis Blay, junr

7'Isaar Brison

7 James Bryan

Johanneb Calais

Francois Carbonneaux

7'Peter '"asterlin

7'William Chalfin

Antoine la Chapelle

Baptiste la Chapelle

Bazil la Chapelle

Johannes la Chapelle

Ciiarle Chevalier

Antoine du Clos

Johannes Conite

Pierre Comte

Aime Conte, junr

John Cook, junr

Jean Baptiste Cotine

John Davis

Dechochis, junr

^Alexander Denis

Jacque la deroute

Alexi Doza

Raphael Drore

7'Clement Drury

f'Ralph Drury

7'Isaac Knix [Enoch]

Jean flandre

7james Garisson
Jacque Gautiaux
Baptist Gendron, junr
Louis Germain, junr
7/Charles Gill
Francois Girard
Johannes Guiguelle
7'David Guise
7'Leonard Harness
7'James Henderson
7'George Henricks
7'Michel Huff
7'John Jack
Francois Janis
F'rancois Janis
Jean Baptiste la joye
Pierre la Joye

Juliien
7'Lawrence Ken[y]on

J^'Avay, junr
7'James Lemnion [Lemen]
Antoine de lines
Johannes longVal
7'George Lunceford
Alexander McNabb
James McNabb
Francois le mieux
Louis le mieux
Pierre Misrard [Menard]
7john Moore
7'Samuel Morris *

7john Murdocli
7'Williani Murray
7josei)h Oo'le, senior
r-Joseph Ogle, junior
7 James O'Hara
7 John O'Hara

EARLY ILLINOIS CITIZENS.

Joseph Page
Baptiste Perier
Baptiste Perier [erased]
x/William Piggot
z/Daniel Piper
7' John Porter
z'George Powers
rAVilliam Robins
Philipe Rocheblave
7'Benjamin Rogers
Andre Roi
Francois Rousseau
^Joseph Ryan
z James Scott
7'Daniel Shoultz
i'Ebenezer Sovereigns
Jerome St. Pierre
PhiUpe St. Pierre
7'John Sullivan

z'Robert Sybold
Francois Tangue
Johannes Tangue
Jerome Tibaux
Francois Tibo, junr
?/Ed\vard Todd
^'Thomas Todd
Nouel Toulouse
Pierre Toulouse
Ambroise Vapeur
Antoine la Vigne
7 J esse Waddel
7/Isaac West

7'I.aton [Leighton] White
7/George Wilkinson
(ieorge Witmer
Nicolas Witmer
7'Samuel Worley
7'Peter Zipp[e]

Petition of Certain Inhabitants of Vincennes :*

To the Honorable VVinthrop Sargent, Esquire, Secre-
tary of the Territory of the United States Northwest of
the Ohio, now vested with all the Powers of the Governor
thereof.

The Petition of certain Inhabitants of Vincennes,
Most respectfully showeth:

That your Petitioners were heads of Families at Kaskas-
kia in the Illinois Country in 1783, where they are entitled

• This petition is written on the first pnge of a sheet of laid letter-paper,
with the water-mark of "FLOYD & CO. iy,H"; on the last page is the
address "The Honorable Winthrop Sargent, Ksqr."; and endorsed in the
handwriting of Gov. St. Clair, " Petition of certain Persons for donations who
were heads of Families at Kcskf», and had removed to St. Vincennes."— K.
6a

EARLY ILLINOIS.

to the Donation of the United States of Four hundred
acres of land each.

That previous to the year 1791 they removed thence to
this Place, where they have fixed their Residence.
They therefore pray that your Honour would be pleased
to cause to be laid out for them, their respective Dona-
tion lands adjoining those already laid out for the heads
of Families at Vincennes, agreeable to an Act of the
United States, passed the third day of March, One Thou-
sand Seven hundred and Ninety- one. And Your Peti-
tioners will evei pray.

X Jerome Crely.
PosTviNCENNES, 26 Octore. X Francoise Tonton,
1797. X Antoine Renaud.

pro. Charlote Renaud,.
his heir at law

FERGUS' HISTORICAL SERIES, No. 31.

nmiUS PRINTINQ OOMPANV, OHIOMM).

.^ *-■

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Full text of "Pierre Menard, and Pierre-Menard papers / historical sketch and notes by Edward Gay Mason. Noel Le Vasseur / by Stephen R. Moore. Lists of early Illinois citizens / introduction by Edward Gay Mason [microform]"

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